tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Welcome to Coolsville
Authors: Sabina Dosani
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Medics meet computer hackers, drug dealers, and media moguls in this unconventional and outstanding first novel.

Monday. Dr Kiely Flanaghan is feeling rough after a colleagues leaving party on a Friday night turned into a drug fuelled all weekender. Her day gets worse. The Kid, her lowbred drug dealer, is getting impatient. He gives her an ultimatum. Kiely has five days to come up with the £80 000 ($125 000; €110 000) she owes or pay off her debts …
What's on the web: Forensic medicine
Authors: Seye Abimbola
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Doctors are the same as lawyers,= said Anton Chekhov, =The only difference is that lawyers merely rob you whereas doctors rob you and kill you too.= That's pretty cynical, but whatever brings medicine and law together promises to be interesting. The website, www.forensicmed.co.uk, is an excellent introduction. You will find a wide range of topics, such as wounds, asphyxia, law of evidence, and cocaine, for example. The site also gives a detailed description of an …
Eggplant Domestication: Pervasive Gene Flow, Feralization, and Transcriptomic Divergence
Authors: Anna Page, Jane Gibson, Rachel S Meyer, Mark A Chapman
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2019)

In the context of food security, examining the genomics of domestication will help identify genes underlying adaptive and economically important phenotypes, for example, larger fruit, improved taste, and loss of agronomically inferior phenotypes. Examination of genome-scale single nucleotide polymorphisms demonstrates the relationships between wild ancestors of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), confirming that Solanum insanum L. is the wild progenitor. This species is split roughly into an Eastern (Malaysian, Thai, and Vietnamese) and Western (Indian, Madagascan, and Sri Lankan) group, with domesticates derived from the former. Additional "wild" accessions from India appear to be feral escapes, derived multiple times from domesticated varieties through admixture. Accessions with small egg-shaped fruit are generally found intermixed with East Asian Solanum insanum confirming they are primitive relative to the large-fruited domesticates. Comparative transcriptomics was used to track the loci under selection. Sequence analysis revealed a genetic bottleneck reducing variation by almost 50% in the primitive accessions relative to the wild species and a further 10% in the landraces. We also show evidence for selection on genes with a role in response to wounding and apoptosis. Genes showing a significant difference in expression between wild and primitive or between primitive and landrace genepools were mostly (>75%) downregulated in the derived populations and enriched for gene ontologies related to defense, flowering, signaling, and response to biotic and abiotic stimuli. This work reveals genomic changes involved in crop domestication and improvement, and the population genetics work explains why defining the eggplant domestication trajectory has been so challenging.
Book review: Group: Six People in Search of a Life
Authors: Gavin Yamey
Journal: BMJ (2000)

February in New York: Manhattan is under snow, while the salt trucks try hopelessly to melt the ice. In an office somewhere on University Place, tucked away between the bohemia of Greenwich Village and the brash consumerism of Union Square, a man in a suit opens the door to six strangers, one by one. They take their seats in a ring, terrified to make eye contact. Their leader is crisply tailored, professional, and authoritative in manner. The most important rule, he tells them, is fearless honesty.

On the surface the strangers seem to be successful professionals-an editor, …
EU clamps down on trade in cheap drugs meant for Africa
Authors: Rory Watson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The European Union is taking measures to prevent low cost drugs intended for patients in some of the world's poorest countries from being diverted and resold for huge profits in the West.

By clamping down on the illegal trade in reimported drugs that undercuts standard European prices, the EU is hoping to encourage pharmaceutical companies to expand the trend of making medicines available at special rates to the developing world.

The initiative comes amid growing evidence that cut price drugs …
App-based multidisciplinary back pain treatment versus combined physiotherapy plus online education: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Thomas R. Toelle, Daniel A. Utpadel-Fischler, Katharina-Kristina Haas, Janosch A. Priebe
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2019)

Non-specific low back pain (LBP) is one of the leading causes of global disability. Multidisciplinary pain treatment (MPT) programs comprising educational, physical, and psychological interventions have shown positive treatment effects on LBP. Nonetheless, such programs are costly and treatment opportunities are often limited to specialized medical centers. mHealth and other digital interventions may be a promising method to successfully support patient self-management in LBP. To address these issues, we investigated the clinical effects of a multidisciplinary mHealth back pain App (Kaia App) in a randomized controlled trial (registered at German Clinical Trials Register under DRKS00016329). One-hundred one adult patients with non-specific LBP from 6 weeks to 1 year were randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. In the intervention group, the Kaia App was provided for 3 months. Control treatment consisted of six individual physiotherapy sessions over 6 weeks and high-quality online education. The primary outcome, pain intensity, was assessed at 12-week follow-up on an 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS). Our per-protocol analysis showed no significant differences between the groups at baseline (Kaia App group: M = 5.10 (SD = 1.07) vs. control group: M = 5.41 (SD = 1.15). At 12-week follow-up the Kaia App group reported significantly lower pain intensity (M = 2.70 (SD = 1.51)) compared to the control group (M = 3.40 (SD = 1.63)). Our results indicate that the Kaia App as a multidisciplinary back pain app is an effective treatment in LBP patients and is superior to physiotherapy in combination with online education.
How to prepare your curriculum vitae
Authors: Wai-Ching Leung
Journal: BMJ (1999)

A good curriculum vitae (CV) is essential for your successful progression up the professional ladder. As a student, you may need a CV to arrange a student elective or to find a house job. A good CV is also important for those who have completed an intercalated degree and would like to join a clinical course at another medical school, apply for a PhD course, or obtain a research scholarship. Its importance increases after you qualify. You will need to submit your CV for different purposes: your annual assessment; your application for a new job or a research grant; or joining a learned society. Your CV should be prepared to put you in the best possible light.

There are abundant books on the contents and presentation of a general CV. A BMJ article published in 1978, offering doctors guidance on how to prepare a CV, has been reprinted in the widely read How to do it series.12 A survey among postgraduate deans and training advisers at regional colleges found that the contents and presentation of a model CV for doctors in training has been published.3 It is perhaps surprising to note that these models differ significantly from one another. Although they may be useful as starting points, their differences tend to create confusion and anxiety among students. I would argue that these differences exist because the content and presentation of the “ideal” CV vary considerably among individual applicants, the stage of their careers, and the purposes for which the CV is used. It is impossible to create a generic CV. I have therefore not attempted to draw up another model CV. Rather, the purpose of this article is to outline the general principles and important practical points in preparing a good CV.

Before finalising your CV for …
Fulbright International Summer Institute in Pamporovo
Authors: Irina Haivas
Journal: BMJ (2004)

While many of my university colleagues were going abroad to gain more hospital experience, I jetted off to Bulgaria to gain some less clinical, but not less important, skills-leadership, communication, and negotiation. These were taught at the Fulbright International Summer Institute in Pamporovo, a wonderful mountain resort in Bulgaria. After I had passed a tiring round of questions like, “Why on earth did you choose to study even in your summer holidays?” and “What does this have to do with medicine anyway?” and had travelled for a considerable length of time on an eastern European train, I found myself surrounded by people with different subject backgrounds from all over the world.



STEVE RUARK/AP

E-medicine: high speed diagnosis from afar



The first workshop I attended was on computer mediated communication in international contexts. “But how is this important to medical students?” …
Abstract 18314: Frailty is Independently Associated With Long-term Mortality in Elderly Patients With Non St-elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Niklas Ekerstad, Sofia Eriksson, Karen Alexander, David Andersson, Magnus Janzon, Marcus Lindenberger, Rurik Löfmark, Staffan Pettersson, Eva Swahn, Joakim Alfredsson
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: For the large and growing elderly population with cardiovascular (CV) disease, and frequently other concomitant diseases, it is crucial to identify measures of biological age and thei...
Wear your bandanna for Teenage Cancer Trust
Authors: Debbie Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2002)

This month, the most stylish students will be wearing bandannas as part of the Teenage Cancer Trust's National Bandanna Week campaign beginning on 23 May.

Bandannas, designed by fashion label Fake London, will be on sale in many high street shops nationwide to raise money to help fund specialist teenage units in NHS hospitals.

Although concentration of care …
Adherence in Hypertension
Authors: Michel Burnier, Brent M. Egan
Journal: Circulation Research (2019)

The global epidemic of hypertension is largely uncontrolled and hypertension remains the leading cause of noncommunicable disease deaths worldwide. Suboptimal adherence, which includes failure to initiate pharmacotherapy, to take medications as often as prescribed, and to persist on therapy long-term, is a well-recognized factor contributing to the poor control of blood pressure in hypertension. Several categories of factors including demographic, socioeconomic, concomitant medical-behavioral conditions, therapy-related, healthcare team and system-related factors, and patient factors are associated with nonadherence. Understanding the categories of factors contributing to nonadherence is useful in managing nonadherence. In patients at high risk for major adverse cardiovascular outcomes, electronic and biochemical monitoring are useful for detecting nonadherence and for improving adherence. Increasing the availability and affordability of these more precise measures of adherence represent a future opportunity to realize more of the proven benefits of evidence-based medications. In the absence of new antihypertensive drugs, it is important that healthcare providers focus their attention on how to do better with the drugs they have. This is the reason why recent guidelines have emphasize the important need to address drug adherence as a major issue in hypertension management.
Students protest in London over loans
Authors: Helen Barratt
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Thousands of students descended on London last March to urge Tony Blair to scrap student loans. An estimated 15 000 people marched along the high profile route past the House of Parliament and 10 Downing Street, culminating in a rally in Trafalgar Square--virtually unheard of during the week.

The National Union of Students, which organised the demonstration, believes that virtually all its affiliated institutions …
A tall order
Authors: Pippa Bailey
Journal: BMJ (2004)

I was first criticised for my height in a communication skills session. When it was time for feedback, the patient was asked how he thought I'd done. He frowned, then exclaimed: “You're incredibly tall. Having you stare down at me from a great height is terrifying. You can't do that to patients. It's so intimidating.”

Reasonably taken aback I apologised for being tall, which to my surprise the patient accepted. He told me that sitting without permission was rude, but that looking down from a great height without asking permission was also rude. I was told to experiment to find out what worked.

I found myself …
Patients With Good Vision and Diabetic Macular Edema Involving the Center of the Macula
Authors: Emily Y. Chew
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Picture quiz: Headache, visual blurring, and gynaecomastia
Authors: Senthil K Selvanathan, Tony Goldschlager, Jeffrey V Rosenfeld, Rebecca D Udani, Sundip D Udani, Lisa Quinn
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A 54 year old man presented with a six month history of severe headaches and visual blurring. He also noted decreased libido and progressive impotence. And he complained of general fatigue, intolerance to cold, and decreased appetite.

On physical examination, blood pressure was 105/60 mm Hg (with postural hypotension) and his pulse rate was 60 beats/min. In addition there was pallor and bilateral gynaecomastia without Cushingoid or acromegalic features. Visual field testing showed bitemporal hemianopia.

Notable laboratory test results were testosterone 180 (normal range 300-1100) ng/dl, T4 4 (4-12) µg/dl, thyroid stimulating hormone 0.5 (0.5-5.0) mIU/ml, and prolactin 48 ( 20) µg/dl. In view of the panhypopituitarism and visual field defects magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was ordered (figure).



Magnetic resonance imaging showing the pituitary tumour



1.  What are the radiological findings?

2.  What are the differential diagnoses?

3.  Why does this patient have bitemporal hemianopia?

1.  The coronal T1 weighted scan postcontrast shows a space occupying lesion in the sellar and parasellar regions (right greater than left).

2.  Non-functioning pituitary tumour, meningioma arising from the tuberculum sellae, and craniopharyngioma.

3.  Bitemporal hemianopia occur secondary to compression of the optic nerve fibres from the nasal half of the retina. This area is responsible for …
Eculizumab in Aquaporin-4–Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Sean J. Pittock, Achim Berthele, Kazuo Fujihara, Ho Jin Kim, Michael Levy, Jacqueline Palace, Ichiro Nakashima, Murat Terzi, Natalia Totolyan, Shanthi Viswanathan, Kai-Chen Wang, Amy Pace, Kenji P. Fujita, Róisín Armstrong, Dean M. Wingerchuk
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a relapsing, autoimmune, inflammatory disorder that typically affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. At least two thirds of cases are associated with aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-IgG) and complement-mediated damage to the central nervous system. In a previous small, open-label study involving patients with AQP4-IgG–positive disease, eculizumab, a terminal complement inhibitor, was shown to reduce the frequency of relapse.
Abstract 14337: Preschool Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children With Congenital Heart Disease After Surgical Palliation
Authors: Cheryl Brosig, Laurel Bear, Sydney Allen, Molly Carrig, Kathleen Mussatto
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at risk for neurodevelopmental (ND) delays. The American Heart Association (AHA) recommends serial ND evaluation for children with CHD. This study reports preschool ND testing results of children with CHD. Methods: Children with CHD meeting the AHA high-risk criteria for ND delay were referred for evaluation at 4-5 years of age. Testing included standardized neuropsychological measures. Parents completed measures of adaptive behavior, emotional functioning, social skills, attention, language, family functioning and child quality of life (QOL). Patient scores and parent ratings were compared to test norms and were classified as: average (within one SD of test mean); at risk (1-2 SDs from the test mean); and impaired (&gt;2SD from test mean). T-tests were used to compare scores based on cardiac anatomy (1V vs. 2V). Results: Data on 102 consecutively referred patients were analyzed. Median age at first cardiac operation was 13 days. Mean age at testing was 4.5 years (range 4 to 5.9). Patients had the following characteristics: 1V anatomy 33%; male 63%; prenatal diagnosis 54%; premature 16%; non-white/Hispanic race 16%; and comorbidities: medical 26%, genetic 17%. ND test scores were lower than norms for IQ, pre-spelling, visual-motor, fine motor, adaptive behavior, and social skills, and higher than norms for attention problems; however, means were within one SD of norms for all measures. ND scores did not differ based on cardiac anatomy (1V vs. 2V); however, parents of children with 1V reported lower child QOL scores and worse family functioning than parents of children with 2V (p&lt;0.05). The % of children within the normal, at risk, and impaired range on ND measures is presented in the figure. Conclusion: ND outcome for preschool aged children identified more delays than expected in some areas. Most deficits were mild and may not be detected without formal testing. ND outcome was not related to cardiac anatomy.
Abdominal x rays made easy
Authors: Iain McNamara
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Abdominal x rays made easy - surely an oxymoron, I cynically thought to myself, remembering the humiliation I had suffered during a teaching session on x ray films of said anatomical region.

My preconceptions took a vicious blow as I began to read. An array of fairly obvious, yet surprisingly simple, titles made my introduction to the book less daunting. The book starts with a discussion of normal abdominal x ray films accompanied by well-labelled films, each …
Interindividual and Intraindividual Responses to PCSK9 Inhibition—Reply
Authors: Arman Qamar, Robert P. Giugliano, Marc S. Sabatine
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Life and loathes of a new doctor: Putting it into perspective
Authors: Stephen Goldie
Journal: BMJ (2005)

It's the small, but infuriating and exasperating things in hospital medicine that really rip my knitting. Each day there are numerous obstacles and barriers put in the way of a house officer. They test and try us and push our coping strategies to the limit.

It's so annoying when the pharmacy telephones to insist that you rewrite an entire discharge prescription because you've written tablets instead of capsules. Or when the phlebotomist is …
Abstract 17747: Associations of Ideal Cardiovascular Health by AHA Life Simple 7 Criteria With N-Linked Glycoprotein Acetyl (GlycA), a Novel Inflammatory Marker: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Eve-Marie A Benson, Martin Tibuakuu, Erin Michos, Di Zhao, Akintunde Akinkuolie, Samia Mora, James Otvos, Daniel Duprez, David Jacobs
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Unhealthy lifestyles and systemic inflammation contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD). GlycA is a new marker of inflammation that reflects enzymatic glycosylation and is associated ...
The impact of EBV upon the tumor microenvironment and mutational profile of primary CNS lymphoma in PTLD
Authors: Maher K Gandhi, Colm Keane, Joshua W.D. Tobin, Dipti Talaulikar, Sanjiv Jain, Frank Vari, Lutz Kruze, Valentine Murigneux, Lynn Fink, Jithendra Gunawardana, Clare Gould, Harold Oey, Susanne Fink, Ralf Ulrich Trappe, Marina Mathews, Santiyagu Francis, Thanh Hoang
Journal: Blood (2017)
Germline-focussed analysis of tumour-only sequencing: recommendations from the ESMO Precision Medicine Working Group
Authors: D. Mandelker, M. Donoghue, S. Talukdar, C. Bandlamudi, P. Srinivasan, M. Vivek, S. Jezdic, H. Hanson, K. Snape, A. Kulkarni, L. Hawkes, J.-Y Douillard, S.E. Wallace, E. Rial-Sebbag, F. Meric-Bersntam, A. George, D. Chubb, C. Loveday, M. Ladanyi, M.F. Berger, B.S. Taylor, C. Turnbull
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

It is increasingly common in oncology practice to perform tumour sequencing using large cancer panels. For pathogenic sequence variants in cancer susceptibility genes identified on tumour-only sequencing, it is often unclear whether they are of somatic or constitutional (germline) origin. There is wide-spread disparity regarding both the extent to which systematic 'germline-focussed analysis' is carried out upon tumour sequencing data and for which variants follow-up analysis of a germline sample is carried out. Here we present analyses of paired sequencing data from 17152 cancer samples, in which 1494 pathogenic sequence variants were identified across 65 cancer susceptibility genes. From these analyses, the European Society of Medical Oncology Precision Medicine Working Group Germline Subgroup has generated (i) recommendations regarding germline-focussed analyses of tumour-only sequencing data, (ii) indications for germline follow-up testing and (iii) guidance on patient information-giving and consent.
The man behind the selfish gene, memes, and gerin oil*
Authors: Balaji Ravichandran
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Thirty years ago, <b>Richard Dawkins</b> had his first book The Selfish Gene published, and he continues to write one bestseller after the next. Balaji Ravichandran caught up with him in the lead up to the publication of his next book, boldly titled The God Delusion