tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Kinetic [18F]-Fluoride of the Knee in Normal Volunteers
Authors: Bryan Haddock, Audrey P. Fan, Niklas R. Jørgensen, Charlotte Suetta, Garry Evan Gold, Feliks Kogan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

[F]-sodium fluoride ([F]NaF) is a well-established bone-seeking agent that has shown promise to assess bone turnover in a variety of disorders, but its distribution in healthy knee joints has not been explored. This study aimed to investigate parametric values for [F]NaF uptake in various bone tissues types of the knee and their spatial distributions.Twelve healthy subjects were hand-injected with 92.5 MBq of [F]NaF and scanned on a 3-T PET/MRI system. Listmode PET data for both knees were acquired for 50 minutes from injection simultaneously with MRI Dixon and angiography data. The image-derived input function was determined from the popliteal artery. Using the Hawkins model, Patlak analysis was performed to obtain Ki (Ki) values and nonlinear regression analysis to obtain Ki, K1, k3/(k2 + k3), and blood volume. Comparisons for the measured kinetic parameters, SUV, and SUVmax were made between tissue types (subchondral, cortical, and trabecular bone) and between regional subsections of subchondral bone.Cortical bone had the highest [F]NaF uptake differing significantly in all measured parameters when compared with trabecular bone and significantly higher SUVmax and K1 than subchondral bone. Subchondral bone also had significantly higher SUV, SUVmax, and Ki than trabecular bone tissue. Regional differences were observed in K1 and k3/(k2 + k3) values.Quantitative [F]NaF PET is sensitive to variations in bone vascularization and metabolism in the knee joint.
Medication Effects on Fecal Occult Blood Testing
Authors: Peter E. Wu
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

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The chromatin-binding protein Phf6 restricts the self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Satoru Miyagi, Patrycja Sroczynska, Yuko Kato, Yaeko Nakajima-Takagi, Motohiko Oshima, Ola Rizq, Naoya Takayama, Atsunori Saraya, Seiya Mizuno, Fumihiro Sugiyama, Satoru Takahashi, Yumi Matsuzaki, Jesper Christensen, Kristian Helin, Atsushi Iwama
Journal: Blood (2019)
Long non-coding RNA PVT1 promotes tumor progression by regulating the miR-143/HK2 axis in gallbladder cancer
Authors: Jianan Chen, Yan Yu, Hua Li, Qiuyue Hu, Xiaolong Chen, Yuting He, Chen Xue, Fang Ren, Zhigang Ren, Juan Li, Liwen Liu, Zhenfeng Duan, Guangying Cui, Ranran Sun
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2019)

Abstract Background The long non-coding RNA PVT1 (lncRNA PVT1) has been reported to act as an oncogenic regulator of several cancers. However, its expression and function in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remain largely unknown. Methods In situ hybridization (ISH) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were performed to detect the expression of PVT1 and miR-143 in GBC tissues and cell lines. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were performed to assess the expression of the hexokinase 2 (HK2) protein. The relationships among PVT1, miR-143 and HK2 were evaluated using dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and biotin pull-down assays. The biological functions of PVT1, miR-143 and HK2 in GBC cells were explored with cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU), colony formation, transwell, wound healing and glucose metabolism assays in vitro. For in vivo experiments, a xenograft model was used to investigate the effects of PVT1 and HK2 on GBC. Results PVT1 was upregulated in GBC tissues and cells and was positively associated with malignancies and worse overall survival. PVT1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and restrained tumor growth in vivo. Further studies demonstrated that PVT1 positively regulated HK2 expression via its competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) activity on miR-143. Additionally, HK2 expression and function were positively correlated with PVT1. Furthermore, we observed that the PVT1/miR-143/HK2 axis promoted cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating aerobic glucose metabolism in GBC cells. Conclusions The results of our study reveal a potential ceRNA regulatory pathway in which PVT1 modulates HK2 expression by competitively binding to endogenous miR-143 in GBC cells, which may provide new insights into novel molecular therapeutic targets for GBC.
Abstract 18154: Association of Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 With Incident Hypertension in Young and Middle Aged Adults
Authors: Ehimare Akhabue, Samantha Montag, Lindsay Pool, Rupal Mehta, Jared Reis, Lihui Zhao, Orlando Gutierrez, Clyde Yancy, Tamara Isakova, Myles Wolf, Mercedes Carnethon
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Over one-third of adults in the US have hypertension (HTN), a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 (FGF23), an endocrine hormone that a...
Abstract 14002: Long Term Success in Antral Cryo Isolation of Pulmonary Veins
Authors: Juergen Vogt, Johannes Heintze, Klaus-Juergen Gutleben, Bogdan Muntean, Dieter Horstkotte, Georg Noelker
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: In cryo balloon based antral isolation of the pulmonary veins (pv) the recommended goal is to freeze not only the ostia and avoid phrenic nerve palsy. The large and the small Cryoballoo...
Abstract P175: Can Pediatric Hypertension Criteria be Simplified? A Prediction Analysis of Subclinical Cardiovascular Outcomes From the Bogalusa Heart Study
Authors: Bo Xi, Tao Zhang, Shengxu Li, Wei Shen, Emily Harville, Lydia Bazzano, Jiang He, Wei Chen
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Pre-hypertension and hypertension in childhood are defined by sex-, age- and height-specific 90th (or ≥120/80 mmHg) and 95th percentiles of blood pressure (BP), respectively, by the 2004 Fourth Report. However, these cut-offs are complex and cumbersome for use. This study assessed the performance of a simplified BP definition to predict adult hypertension and subclinical cardiovascular disease. Methods: The longitudinal cohort consisted of 1,225 adults (530 males, aged 26.3–47.7 years) from the Bogalusa Heart Study, with 27.1 years follow-up since childhood. We used 110/70 and 120/80 mmHg for children (age 6-11 years), and 120/80 and 130/85 mmHg for adolescents (age 12-17 years) as the simplified definitions of childhood pre-hypertension and hypertension, respectively, to compare with the complex definitions. Adult carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and left ventricular mass were measured using digital ultrasound instruments. High CIMT was defined as being above the age-, gender- and race-specific 80th percentile, high PWV as being above the age-, gender-, race- and heart rate-specific 80th percentile and left ventricular hypertrophy as &gt;46.7 g/m 2.7 in women and &gt;49.2 g/m 2.7 in men. Results: Compared to normal BP, childhood hypertensives diagnosed by the simplified definition (4.1%, 50/1,225) and the complex definition (4.8%, 59/1,225) were both at higher risk of adult hypertension with hazard ratio=3.1 (95% confidence interval=1.8-5.3) by the simplified definition and 3.2 (2.0-5.0) by the complex definition, high PWV with 3.5 (1.7-7.1) and 2.2 (1.2-4.1), high CIMT with 3.1 (1.7-5.6) and 2.0 (1.2-3.6), and left ventricular hypertrophy with 3.4 (1.7-6.8) and 3.0 (1.6-5.6). The prediction using the two childhood BP definitions for adult hypertension and subclinical cardiovascular disease was also assessed by reclassification or receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. Conclusions: The simplified childhood BP definition predicts the risk of adult hypertension and subclinical cardiovascular disease equally as the complex definition does. The simplified pediatric BP cut-offs could be easier to use for screening children at high risk and for targeting early life interventions to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in later life.
Stress-activated miR-204 governs senescent phenotypes of chondrocytes to promote osteoarthritis development
Authors: Donghyun Kang, Jungkwon Shin, Yongsik Cho, Hyeon-Seop Kim, Young-Ran Gu, Haedong Kim, Kwon Tae You, Moon Jong Chang, Chong Bum Chang, Seung-Baik Kang, Jong-Seo Kim, V. Narry Kim, Jin-Hong Kim
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2019)

A progressive loss of cartilage matrix leads to the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Matrix homeostasis is disturbed in OA cartilage as the result of reduced production of cartilage-specific matrix and increased secretion of catabolic mediators by chondrocytes. Chondrocyte senescence is a crucial cellular event contributing to such imbalance in matrix metabolism during OA development. Here, we identify miR-204 as a markedly up-regulated microRNA in OA cartilage. miR-204 is induced by transcription factors GATA4 and NF-κB in response to senescence signals. Up-regulated miR-204 simultaneously targets multiple components of the sulfated proteoglycan (PG) biosynthesis pathway, effectively shutting down PG anabolism. Ectopic expression of miR-204 in joints triggers spontaneous cartilage loss and OA development, whereas miR-204 inhibition ameliorates experimental OA, with concomitant recovery of PG synthesis and suppression of inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors in cartilage. Collectively, we unravel a stress-activated senescence pathway that underlies disrupted matrix homeostasis in OA cartilage.
Sickle cell microvascular paradox—oxygen supply‐demand mismatch
Authors: Jon A. Detterich, Roberta Kato, Adam Bush, Patjanaporn Chalacheva, Derek Ponce, Madushka De Zoysa, Payal Shah, Michael C. Khoo, Herbert J. Meiselman, Thomas D. Coates, John C. Wood
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2019)

Abstract We have previously demonstrated that sickle cell disease (SCD) patients maintain normal global systemic and cerebral oxygen delivery by increasing cardiac output. However, ischemic end‐organ injury remains common suggesting that tissue oxygen delivery may be impaired by microvascular dysregulation or damage. To test this hypothesis, we performed fingertip laser Doppler flowmetry measurements at the base of the nailbed and regional oxygen saturation (rSO 2 ) on the dorsal surface of the same hand. This was done during flow mediated dilation (FMD) studies in 26 chronically transfused SCD, 75 non‐transfused SCD, and 18 control subjects. Chronically transfused SCD patients were studied prior to and following a single transfusion and there was no acute change in rSO 2 or perfusion. Laser Doppler estimates of resting perfusion were 76% higher in non‐transfused and 110% higher in transfused SCD patients, compared to control subjects. In contrast, rSO 2 was 12 saturation points lower in non‐transfused SCD patients, but normal in the transfused SCD patients. During cuff occlusion, rSO 2 declined at the same rate in all subjects suggesting similar intrinsic oxygen consumption rates. Upon cuff release, laser doppler post occlusive hyperemia was blunted in SCD patients in proportion to their resting perfusion values. Transfusion therapy did not improve the hyperemia response. FMD was impaired in SCD subjects but partially ameliorated in transfused SCD subjects. Taken together, non‐transfused SCD subjects demonstrate impaired conduit artery FMD, impaired microcirculatory post‐occlusive hyperemia, and resting hypoxia in the hand despite compensated oxygen delivery, suggesting impaired oxygen supply‐demand matching. Transfusion improves FMD and oxygen supply‐demand matching but not microcirculation hyperemic response.
Omega-3 and Omega-6 Intake Modifies Asthma Severity and Response to Indoor Air Pollution in Children
Authors: Emily P. Brigham, Han Woo, Meredith McCormack, Jessica Rice, Kirsten Koehler, Tristan Vulcain, Tianshi Wu, Abigail Koch, Sangita Sharma, Fariba Kolahdooz, Sonali Bose, Corrine Hanson, Karina Romero, Gregory Diette, Nadia N. Hansel
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2019)

Rationale: Higher indoor particulate matter (PM) concentrations are linked with increased asthma morbidity. Dietary intake of fatty acids, also linked with asthma outcomes, may influence this relationship. Objectives: To determine the relationship between omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake and pediatric asthma morbidity, and the association between fatty acid intake and strength of indoor, PM-related asthma symptoms, albuterol use, and systemic inflammation. Methods: Analyses included 135 children with asthma enrolled in the AsthmaDIET Study. At baseline, 3 months, and 6 months, data included: week-long average home indoor concentration of PM ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter and PM ≤10 μm in aerodynamic diameter, dietary intake of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, daily symptoms, and peripheral blood leukocytes. Asthma severity and lung function were assessed at baseline. Multivariable regression models, adjusted for known confounders, were used to determine associations between each fatty acid and outcomes of interest, with interaction terms (fatty acids × PM) in longitudinal analyses. Measurements and Main Results: Higher omega-6 intake associated with increased odds of increased asthma severity (P = 0.02), and lower FEV1/FVC ratio (P = 0.01). Higher omega-3 intake associated with reduced effect of indoor PM ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter on symptoms (P < 0.01), whereas higher omega-6 intake associated with amplified effect of indoor PM ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter on symptoms and circulating neutrophil percentage (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Omega-3 and omega-6 intake are associated with pediatric asthma morbidity and may modify the asthmatic response to indoor PM.
Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of an adjunctive personalised psychosocial intervention in treatment-resistant maintenance opioid agonist therapy: a pragmatic, open-label, randomised controlled trial
Authors: John Marsden, Garry Stillwell, Kirsty James, James Shearer, Sarah Byford, Jennifer Hellier, Michael Kelleher, Joanna Kelly, Caroline Murphy, Luke Mitcheson
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2019)
Infographic:The effects of residential relocation on walking, physical activity and travel behaviour
Authors: Ding Ding, Chloë Williamson, Binh Nguyen, Vincent Learnihan, Adrian E Bauman, Rachel Davey, Bin Jalaludin, Klaus Gebel
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2019)

Increasing evidence suggests that attributes of neighbourhood environments may play an important role in physical activity.1 2 However, nearly all studies in the field are cross-sectional and are subject to substantial bias.3 Residential relocation provides an opportunity for natural experiments where relocating to a new neighbourhood may ‘interrupt’ habitual behaviours and help establish new behavioural patterns.4 

We conducted a systematic review on the effects of residential relocation on physical activity, walking and travel behaviour (PROSPERO registration number CRD42017077681, available at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=77681).5 We found 23 …
Abstract 228: Quality Measurement of Dispatcher-Assisted Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; A Nationwide Observational Study
Authors: Yu Jin Lee, Seung Chul Lee, Sang Do Shin, Joo Yeong Kim, Eui Jung Lee, Kyoung Jun Song
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DA-CPR) is an effective community intervention program to increase bystander CPR rate after cardiac arrest. The 2010 American Heart Association guidelines recommended a very easy, simplified DA-CPR protocol which is composed of two key questions and hands-only CPR. However, there have been few reports on quality of dispatchers’ performance in DA-CPR when the protocol is implemented. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of dispatchers’ performance in DA-CPR. Methodology: All patients with cardiac arrest with presumed cardiac etiology transported by emergency medical service (EMS) were enrolled from Aug.13, to October 8, 2012 in Korea. We used a quality measurement protocol and document which was developed from a medical directors’ workshop of Asian EMS Council in Aug, 2012. Sixteen provinces’ medical directors reviewed cardiac arrest registries, DA-CPR registries, and records of conversation between dispatchers and bystanders, and evaluated according to the developed protocol. Primary end pints such as the detection rate, instruction rate, compliance rate, time intervals from call to each process, and barriers to prevent bystanders from performing CPR were analyzed. Results: A total 4,601 of cardiac arrest were analyzed. Of these, 709 cases (15.4%) were detected by primary dispatcher (range 4.4%-34.0%), and 590 cases (12.8%) received bystander CPR instruction. Median time (Q1-Q3) from call to detection and to initiation of bystander CPR was 91 seconds (57-118) and 147 seconds (82-206), respectively. Compliance rate for the protocol (on asking key questions) was 37.0%. The CPR instruction failed in 74 cases due to rejection by bystanders, prolonged death, and communication disruption. The number of aborted bystander CPR after initiation of DA-CPR by bystander was 257, who stopped to receive CPR prior to arrival of ambulances at the field due to request by family, disruption of communication, and other reasons. Finally successful DA-CPR was 233 (5.0%) among 4,601. Conclusion: Quality of dispatcher performance on DA-CPR protocol was very poor and a few patients received successful DA-CPR. A continuous quality management program should be applied to improve the quality DA-CPR.
Injury prevention training in football: let’s bring it to the real world
Authors: George P Nassis, João Brito, Pedro Figueiredo, Tim J Gabbett
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2019)

Overall injury rates remain high in elite football despite the significant research on injury prevention.1 One of the reasons is the players’ low adherence to injury prevention programmes due to their experience of muscle soreness and ‘heavy legs during the match’.2 Additionally, prevention training compliance may be reduced due to the ‘desire to perform as much training as possible with the team’.2 This may be the reality in high-level football, but can we do better? This editorial aims to present evidence-based approaches for improving injury prevention implementation in real-world settings.

The off-season is a crucial period for physical and mental recovery. However, there are two main risks associated with prolonged absence from training: (1) a decline in physical capabilities (mainly aerobic fitness and muscle strength) associated with performance and injuries and (2) a reduction in chronic workload. With regards to the latter, it was shown that a 50% reduction in training load for 4 weeks would take an additional 2.5 weeks to restore full capacity. If players perform no training during the off-season or take a longer break, it …
Clinical, histopathological and molecular characterization of hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Elisa Bono, Donal McLornan, Erica Travaglino, Shreyans Gandhi, Anna Gallì, Alesia Abigael Khan, Austin G. Kulasekararaj, Emanuela Boveri, Kavita Raj, Chiara Elena, Robin M. Ireland, Antonio Bianchessi, Jie Jiang, Gabriele Todisco, Virginia Valeria Ferretti, Mario Cazzola, Judith. C. W. Marsh, Luca Malcovati, Ghulam J. Mufti
Journal: Leukemia (2019)

Diagnostic criteria for hypoplastic myelodysplasic syndrome (h-MDS) have not been clearly established, making the differential diagnosis from other bone marrow failure syndromes (BMF) challenging. In this study, we aimed to delineate clinical, histopathological, and molecular features of h-MDS, based on a large and well-annotated cohort of patients with bone marrow (BM) hypocellularity. The study included 534 consecutive adult patients with hypocellular BM (278 h-MDS and 136 aplastic anemia), and 727 with normo- or hypercellular MDS (n-MDS). Comparison of clinical features of patients with h-MDS as defined by BM cellularity ≤25% (n = 204) or reduced age-adjusted cellularity (n = 74) did not reveal significant differences. We developed a diagnostic score to discriminate h-MDS from non-malignant BMF based on histological and cytological variables with the highest specificity for MDS (h-score). The information from chromosomal abnormalities and somatic mutation patterns was then integrated into a cyto-histological/genetic score (hg-score). This score was able to segregate two groups of h-MDS with a significantly different risk of blast progression (P < 0.001). The integration of cyto-histological and genetic features in adult patients with hypocellular BM facilitated segregation into two distinct groups, one with clinical and genetic features highly consistent with myeloid neoplasm, and one with features more consistent with non-malignant BMF.