tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risk-reducing salpingectomy at the time of benign gynecologic surgery: A survey of ACOG members in New York State.
Authors: Joshua Stewart, Melissa Frey, Xuming Sun, Divya Gupta
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

1573 Background: To determine if Obstetricians and Gynecologists in New York state would offer risk-reducing salpingectomy (RRS) at the time of benign hysterectomy with ovarian preservation or permanent sterilization. Methods: An anonymous survey was administered to Ob/Gyn physicians at the 2013 Annual American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists district II meeting. Physicians-in-training were excluded. The survey instrument assessed provider practice to offer RRS before and after reading a brief summary of the clinical position by the Society of Gynecologic Oncology of Canada, entitled “Salpingectomy and Ovarian Cancer Prevention.” Results: Ninety physicians completed the survey. Median age was 52 years (range 30-87), and 91% practiced general Ob/Gyn. Median annual surgical volume was 10 hysterectomies (range 0-150) and 11 surgical sterilizations (range 0-100). More physicians were willing to offer RRS at the time of hysterectomy than at the time of permanent sterilization (54% vs. 14%, p < 0.05). After reading the position statement, there was a 27% increase in the number of physicians who would offer RRS at the time of benign hysterectomy (p<0.01) and 42% at the time of surgical sterilization (p=NS). On univariate analysis, physician practice to offer RRS at the time of hysterectomy was associated with previous knowledge of evidence for RRS (96% of physicians aware vs. 82% not aware, p = 0.04), surgeon age (p<0.05), and practice setting (academic > community, p<0.5). Willingness to perform RRS at time of permanent sterilization was associated with the method of sterilization (laparoscopic, 82%, hysteroscopic, 18%, postpartum tubal, 0% p < 0.07) and volume of sterilization cases per year (p<0.05). On multivariate analysis, the only factor associated with offering RRS was the number of years in practice, 1.6 (95% CI 1.01-1.53, p<0.05). Conclusions: Our data suggest that obstetricians and gynecologists would offer RRS at the time of benign hysterectomy in those women who elect ovarian conservation. The link between fallopian tube as the origin of ovarian serous cancer needs to be elaborated to potentially offer high-risk patients a method of prevention with few long-term consequences.
Abstract 19405: Association of Deep and Superficial Abdominal Subcutaneous Tissue With Hepatic Fat Content
Authors: Inge v Munckhof, Tessa Brand, Marinette v Graaf, Jacqueline d Graaf, Joost Rutten
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased dramatically during the past decades, affecting 50-75 % of the obese subjects. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is regarded to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is separated by the fascia superficialis into the deep SAT (dSAT) and superficial SAT (sSAT). It has been suggested that dSAT is related to an increased risk for obesity related complications, whereas sSAT has a more favorable profile. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of superficial and deep subcutaneous adipose tissue with hepatic steatosis. Methods: We recruited a subcohort of the Nijmegen Biomedical Study, a large population based cohort, including 133 subjects, BMI &gt; 27 kg/m 2 , aged 55-81 years. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging was performed at level L4-L5 to measure VAT, dSAT and sSAT volumes. The amount of liver fat was quantified by MR spectroscopy. Results: Men had significantly higher volumes of VAT and lower volumes of sSAT compared with women. No differences in volumes of dSAT were observed. In univariate analysis, the VAT volume was found to be correlated with hepatic steasosis (r = 0.339; p &lt;0.001), while no significant correlation was found between total SAT, sSAT or dSAT with hepatic steatosis. After adjustment for age, alcohol use and sex, VAT was still positively correlated with hepatic steatosis with a standardized β of 0,276 (p=0.007), and sSAT, but not total SAT or dSAT, was negatively correlated with hepatic steatosis with a standardized β of -0,363 (p=0.033). Conclusions: VAT as measured by MRI is positively correlated with hepatic steatosis, in contrast to sSAT which is negatively correlated after adjustment for age, alcohol use and sex. We found no significant correlation between total SAT or dSAT and hepatic steatosis.
Detection of mild cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults with obstructive sleep apnoea: does excessive daytime sleepiness play a role?
Authors: Paschalis Steiropoulos, Andrea Galbiati, Luigi Ferini-Strambi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

<b>Excessive daytime sleepiness may modify the discriminatory abilities of the Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment tests to detect mild cognitive impairment in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea</b>http://ow.ly/AFXx30mw9dm
Noninvasive response parameters (molecular imaging [FDG-PET/CT] and molecular expression of VEGFR) to neoadjuvant oxaliplatin and chemoradiation in rectal cancer as prognostic factors in surveillance and correlation with pathologic response.
Authors: Dolores De La Mata Moya, Felipe A. Calvo, Marina Gomez Espi, Jose Luis Carreras, Emilio Alvarez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e14521 Background: To analyse pre-/post-neoadjuvant molecular events assessed by FDG-PET/CT imaging and immunochemistry (IHC-VEGFR) as prognostic factors of surveillance and to correlate pathological pattern of response. Materials/Methods: 41 patients (p) with cT3-4 induced with FOLFOX (2) and fluoropirimidin based neoadjuvant chemoradiation were staged and restaged with FDG-PET/CT (36p). Pathological response was assessed by Ršdel«s tumor regression grade (TRG) classification. Parameters PET/CT analysed: absolute difference SUVmax</>6 (difSUVmax), SUVmax diagnosis and restaging (SUV1max, SUV2max), SUV2max.<2. IHC-VEGFR at diagnosed (VEGFR1, 37p), stratified as 100%/<100%. Results: Patients who achieved pathological response (CR/PR, pT0, TRG=3-4, downstagingT) after neoadjuvant treatment also showed statistically better response measured by FDG-PET/CT (SUV2max.2, difSUVmax.>6, p<0.05) and/or the subgroup VEGFR1=100% (p<0.05). (See table). There were relationship between: imaging molecular response (SUV2max.<2), IHC molecular expression (VEGFR1=100%) and pathological response findings (p<0.05). Patients achieving intense imaging molecular response (difSUVmax>6) had superior 5y-DFS (100% vs. 73%, p<0.05) and 5y-OS (100% vs. 66.7%, p<0.01). Also VEGFR1=100% showed better 5y-DFS (93% vs. 53.6%, p<0.005) and 5y-OS (90% vs. 43%, p<0.001). Conclusions: Neoadjuvant molecular response is assessable using metabolic imaging (FDG-PET/CT) and IHC (VEGFR). Results suggest that all parameters assessing
Impact of high-dose radiation exposure on myelodysplastic syndrome patients treated with azacitidine in Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors.
Authors: Tatsuro Jo, Kensuke Horio, Masao Tomonaga
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

7116 Background: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) may arise de novo or secondarily after treatment with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy for other cancers or, rarely, after environmental exposures. High-dose radiation exposure (such as an atomic bomb) increases the risk of developing MDS. Azacitidine (AZA), a hypomethylating agent, is the mainstay of therapy in MDS in Japan. But there have no reports investigating the efficacy of AZA in atomic bomb survivors suffering from MDS. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 33 pts diagnosed MDS between April 2011 and April 2013 at Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital. All patients, included 13 atomic bomb survivors, received AZA. The primary objective was to estimate overall survival rates (OS). Results: The Table summarizes baseline characteristics and response rates. There was no clear difference in the background excluding age (P=0.0258) between atomic bomb survivors (A) and non-atomic bombed (non-A) pts. ORR (CR/mCR/PR) was no difference (P=0.2635), but the median OS at November 2013 was significantly different between two groups (13 months for A vs undefined for non-A, P=0.0429). Conclusions: These data demonstrated that despite the same ORR, OS of MDS pts in Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors was significantly short compared to non-atomic bombed pts. A certain influence by exposure of the atomic bomb can be considered. Further studies to clarify the cause are warranted. Atomic bomb survivor (A) n=13 Non-atomic bomb patients (non-A) n=20 P value Age (median) 68~84 (74) 46~87 (67) WHO subtype RCMD RAEB-1 RAEB-2 7 (54%) 2 (15%) 4 (31%) 13 (65%) 5 (25%) 7 (54%) 0.00258 IPSS at diagnosis Int-1 Int-2 High 5 (39%) 6 (46%) 2 (15%) 8 (40%) 10 (50%) 2 (10%) 0.2857 Cytogenetics Good Intermediate Poor 7 (54%) 3 (23%) 3 (23%) 8 (40%) 2 (10%) 10 (50%) 0.3020 Blood transfusion dependence + - 10 (77%) 3 (23%) 16 (80%) 4 (20%) 1.0000 Overall response rate CR marrow CR PR SD 2 (15%) 1 (8%) 2 (15%) 8 (62%) 7 (35%) 1 (5%) 0 (0%) 12 (60%) 0.2635 AZA cycle (median) 4 (1-19) 7 (1-21+)
Long‐term safety of adalimumab in adult patients with plaque psoriasis
Authors: C. Leonardi, K. Papp, B. Strober, D. Thaçi, R.B. Warren, S. Tyring, D. Arikan, M. Karunaratne, W.C. Valdecantos
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

Adalimumab is a powerful drug used to treat psoriasis, that has been specially designed to mimic normal human molecules, and for this reason it is classed as a ‘biological’ drug. It reduces inflammation by inhibiting the activity of a chemical ‘cytokine’ in the body called ‘tumour necrosis factor alpha’ (TNF‐alpha). The aim of this study, from the USA, was to assess long‐term safety for patients with psoriasis receiving adalimumab. The authors looked at data from 3727 patients receiving the drug as part of 18 different clinical trials in which adverse events (AEs, meaning unwanted side effects while on the drug) were recorded. Overall, there were 16,536 AEs during 5429.7 patient years (304.6 AEs for every 100 patient years). Patient years (PYs) means the number of patients, multiplied by the amount of time they were included in the study. Most common AEs were nasopharyngitis (a common throat complaint), upper respiratory infection, and headache (23.7, 12.9, and 7.9 AEs per 100 PYs, respectively). Incidence rates for serious infections, tuberculosis, and opportunistic infections were 1.8, 0.3, and 0.02 AEs per 100 PYs, respectively. Incidence of malignancy (cancer) excluding non‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) was 0.8 AEs per 100 PYs. Incidences of NMSC and melanoma were 0.6 and 0.2 AEs per 100 PYs, respectively. The authors conclude that AE rates remained stable in this analysis of patients with psoriasis receiving adalimumab; no new safety signals (such as increased AEs) were identified compared with earlier studies.
Brain metastases in sarcoma patients: Incidence and outcome.
Authors: Mathias Hoiczyk, Michael Herbrik, Florian Grabellus, Lars Podleska, Christoph Pöttgen, Benjamin Schwindenhammer, Vassilis Bekas, Martin H. Schuler, Sebastian Bauer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

10591 Background: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are biologically heterogeneous tumors that share a similar clinical behavior. Metastases most often occur in the lung, bones and the liver. Little data is available on incidence, prognosis, treatment and outcome of patients with cerebral metastases. Methods: The institutional sarcoma patient database (n=1912) and the PACS system were queried for patients with sarcomas and cerebral metastases in the years of 2003-2013. Patient characteristics and outcomes were retrospectively analyzed and overall-survival was calculated from the time of diagnosis of cerebral metastases. Results: 17 male and 14 female patients were identified with a median age of 38 years (range 20-73). Synchronous metastases were found in 10 (< 6 months) and metachronous metastases in 21 patients. Most frequent histologies were leiomyosarcoma (n=5), undifferentiated pleomorphic/spindle cell sarcoma (n=5), alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) (n=5 from a group of 14 patients), Ewing sarcoma (n=3) and liposarcoma (n=3). Median time from diagnosis of sarcoma to diagnosis of metastases was 12 months (range: 0–155 months). Imaging was performed following work-up of CNS symptoms. 10 out of 28 patients received metastasectomy which was associated with a trend towards an improved post-metastases survival (14 vs. 4 months; p=0.3). Median time from diagnosis of cerebral metastases until disease specific death or last follow-up was 8 months (range: 0–130 mo). 6 patients had isolated cerebral metastases among which 3 long-term survivors were observed (59, 75 and 130 months at last FU). Long-term survival was not seen in patients with additional metastatic sites (median OS of 6 months). Conclusions: Cerebral metastases from STS are exceedingly rare (<3%) especially at the time of diagnosis for localized tumors. Restriction of CNS imaging to patients with symptomatic disease is reasonable for the majority of STS. In contrast, the risk of CNS metastases is high in ASPS (36%) and imaging studies should be included in routine diagnostic work-up. Long-term survival can be observed in STS patients with isolated brain metastases who undergo local treatment.
Prospective evaluation of the potential to reduce breast cancer risk, through lifestyle modifications in BRCA-mutation carriers.
Authors: Sarah A. McGarrigle, Emer M. Guinan, Juliette M. Hussey, Jacintha O'Sullivan, Michael John Kennedy, David James Gallagher, Elizabeth M. Connolly
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e12506 Background: Recently, there has been increased penetrance of BRCA mutations which may be due to lifestyle factors. There is a need to find ways to reduce penetrance of BRCA mutations. Understanding how lifestyle factors affect cancer risk in BRCA mutation carriers may have implications for risk reduction in this group. Oxidative stress is an early event in cancer development and may be considered a surrogate marker of cancer risk. BRCA mutation carriers are more susceptible to oxidative stress than non-carriers. There is evidence that obesity and physical inactivity promote oxidative stress, though this has not been investigated in BRCA mutation carriers. The aim of this pilot study was to prospectively examine the effect of physical activity and lifestyle factors on oxidative stress profiles in a cohort of unaffected BRCA mutation carriers. Methods: Participants (n=68) were recruited from cancer genetics clinics. Body composition, and physical activity (Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire) were measured. Serum levels of the oxidative stress markers 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-DG) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were measured in a subset of participants (n=16) by ELISA. Results: Participants showed poor adherence to physical activity guidelines with 93% not reaching recommended physical activity levels. Analysis of body composition revealed that the majority were overweight (37%) or obese (34%) with 72% exhibiting abdominal obesity. Correlation of serum levels of oxidative stress markers with physical activity and lifestyle factors revealed a novel inverse association between physical activity levels and serum markers of oxidative DNA damage (8-oxo-DG) and lipid-peroxidation (4-HNE). These associations trended towards statistical significance p = 0.08 and 0.07 respectively. Conclusions: This work has shown that in this cohort of BRCA mutation carriers, unhealthy lifestyle patterns are prevalent. In addition, these results suggest that the potential may exist to modify pro-carcinogenic processes in this cohort through physical activity modifications and this is currently under further investigation in our laboratory.
Clinicopathologic patterns and survival outcome of colorectal cancer in young patients: Western Saudi Arabia experience.
Authors: Shereef Elsamany, Abdullah Saeed Alzahrani, Mervat Mahrous, Soha Elmorsy, Jamal M Zekri, Ahmed Alshehri, Rasha Mohamed Haggag, Ahmed Abdel Raheem Ahmed, Hani A. El Taani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e14629 Background: The prognosis of young colorectal cancer (CRC) patients was addressed by several studies with contradictory results. The aim of the present study is to evaluate clinico-pathological features of young Saudi patients with CRC in addition to displaying their survival outcome. Methods: This a retrospective study involving young CRC patients (≤ 40 years), diagnosed between 2007 and 2011, from four centers in western Saudi Arabia. Clinico-pathological features, tumor markers, data of disease relapse, progression and death were collected. Survival parameters were compared with those of older Saudi patients reported in previous studies. Results: One hundred and sixteen young patients with CRC were identified (32.2% rectal, 67.8% colon). Forty-four percent of them were metastatic while 32.7% had stage III at diagnosis. Patients with grade 3 tumors made up 29.4% of patients while 49.5% had positive lymphovascular invasion (LVI), 56% had lymph node (LN) ratio ≥ 0.2, and 40.2% were K-RAS mutant. Median disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in non-metastatic cases were 22.8 and 49.6 months respectively with better median DFS in K-RAS wild compared to mutant patients (28.5 vs. 20.9 months, p= 0.005). In metastatic cases, median progression free survival (PFS) and OS were 11.8 and 19.5 months respectively. The mean OS of all patients was 49.8± 5.0 months.This survival outcome is inferior compared to those of older Saudi patients reported in prior studies. Conclusions: Young CRC patients presented more commonly with advanced stage at diagnosis with high incidence of adverse prognostic factors such as lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and high lymph node (LN) ratio. Young CRC patients seem to have worse survival compared to older Saudi patients.
Efficacy and Toxicity of JCAR014 in Combination with Durvalumab for the Treatment of Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Aggressive B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Alexandre V. Hirayama, Jordan Gauthier, Kevin A. Hay, Alyssa Sheih, Sindhu Cherian, Xueyan Chen, Barbara S. Pender, Reed M. Hawkins, Aesha Vakil, Rachel N. Steinmetz, Tinh-Doan Phi, Aude G. Chapuis, Brian G. Till, Hans-Peter Kiem, Mazyar Shadman, Ryan D. Cassaday, Utkarsh H. Acharya, Stanley R. Riddell, David G. Maloney, Cameron J. Turtle
Journal: Blood (2018)
Leukemia Cells Remodel Adipocyte Niches and Their Progenitor Functions to Generate Leukemia Favoring Niche
Authors: Bijender Kumar, Marvin Orellana, Jamison Brooks, Srideshikan Sargur Madabushi, Liliana E Parra, Darren Zuro, Qiong Wang, Ching-Cheng Chen, Susanta Hui
Journal: Blood (2018)
Clinical outcomes of anti-EGFR antibody treatment for right-sided colon cancer patients without <i>RAS, BRAF</i>, and <i>PIK3CA</i> mutations in the later line.
Authors: Yuta Ushida, Eiji Shinozaki, Keisho Chin, Mitsukuni Suenaga, Daisuke Takahari, Masato Ozaka, Mariko Ogura, Takashi Ichimura, Takeru Wakatsuki, TOMOHIRO MATSUSHIMA, Hiroki Osumi, Yumiko Ota, Kensei Yamaguchi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

812 Background: Several studies have reported that patients with right-sided colon cancers (RCC) have more unfavorable responses to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody therapy than those with left-sided colon cancers (LCC). One of the causes is that RCC have more frequently genetic mutations such as RAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA than LCC. We investigated clinical outcomes of RCC patients treated with anti-EGFR antibody in the later line without these mutations. Methods: We reviewed 653 cases of colorectal cancer treated with anti-EGFR antibody from October 2009 to July 2017. There were 150 cases of RCC patients. Among them, 32 patients without KRAS status and 54 patients without enough genetic samples for gene re-analysis were excluded. We extracted 64 patients with status on RAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA , and finally enrolled 25 patients treated with anti-EGFR antibody plus irinotecan or anti-EGFR antibody alone in the later line. We analyzed the relationship of molecular status with clinical outcomes; overall response rate (RR), overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in this retrospective study. Results: Overall, there were 48% of cases with any mutations; among them 8.0% for KRAS, 4.0% for NRAS, 24.0% for BRAF and 4.0% for PIK3CA. Twenty percent of patients were treated as 2nd line therapy, while 72%, 16% treated as 3rd, 4th line therapy. RR of all cases, those whom without KRAS, RAS, RAS or BRAF, any mutations were 16.0%, 19.1%, 20.0%, 28.6%, 30.8%. The median OS and PFS in all wild-type patients were tended to be better than in those of all cases (OS; 14.9 vs. 11.6 months, hazard ratio = 0.70, p = 0.30, PFS; 8.17 vs. 5.37 months, hazard ratio = 0.67, p = 0.24). Conclusions: Even if primary tumors are in right-sided colon, in the enriched and selected patients anti-EGFR antibody therapy showed enough antitumor activity. Anti-EGFR antibody for RCC cases without using it at the front line is an effective option in the later line.
Targeting Autophagy Kinase ULK1 Can Reverse Bcl2 Inhibitor (ABT-199) Induced Autophagy to Overcome Acquired Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Seemana Bhattacharya, Sujan Piya, Qi Zhang, Natalia Baran, Teresa McQueen, R. Eric Davis, Nicholas Cosford, Marina Y. Konopleva, Michael Andreeff, Gautam Borthakur
Journal: Blood (2018)
Adjuvant chemotherapy for elderly patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with tumors ≥ 4 cm: A SEER-Medicare analysis.
Authors: Jyoti Malhotra, Grace Mhango, Jorge E. Gomez, Cardinale B. Smith, Matt D. Galsky, Gary M. Strauss, Juan P. Wisnivesky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e18508 Background: The role of adjuvant chemotherapy for early stage NSCLC stage I patients with tumors size ≥ 4 cm is not well established. Secondary analysis of CALBG 9633, the only randomized clinical trial designed for these cancers did show a potential benefit but these findings have not been validated in the elderly. Methods: We identified 2,999 patients with stage I NSCLC who underwent lobectomy from theSurveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database diagnosed from 1992 to 2009. Overall survival and rates of serious adverse events (defined as those requiring admission to hospital) were compared between patients treated with resection alone, platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy, or adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation. Propensity scores for receiving each treatment were calculated using a logistic model that included socio-demographic characteristics, comorbidities and cancer-related factors. Survival analyses were conducted with a Cox regression model using inverse probability weights based on the estimated propensity score. Results: Overall, 87.6% patients were treated with resection alone, 11.2% received platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy, and 1.2% underwent chemotherapy and radiation. Adjusted analysis showed that adjuvant chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR], 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.68 - 0.99) was associated with improved survival compared to resection alone. Conversely, adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation (HR 2.27; 95% CI, 1.58 to 3.28) were associated with worse outcomes. Patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy had more serious adverse events compared to those treated with resection alone, with neutropenia being most significant (odds ratio, 7.8; 95% CI, 2.4 - 25.3). No significant difference was observed in rates of anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. Conclusions: Platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with reduced mortality and increased serious adverse events in elderly patients with stage I NSCLC and tumor size ≥ 4 cm. Our findings are similar to that observed in CALBG 9633, thereby supporting the consideration of adjuvant chemotherapy in this patient group.