tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Osimertinib for patients with EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC and asymptomatic brain metastases: An open-label, two-arm, phase II study
Authors: R. Gillis, N. Peled, I. Goldshtien, O. Rotem, A.B. Rozenblum, H. Nechushtan, L. Chen, E. Dudnik, A. Zer, S. Yust-Katz, I. Shelef, L.C. Roisman, E. Inbar
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Mechano-acoustic sensing of physiological processes and body motions via a soft wireless device placed at the suprasternal notch
Authors: KunHyuck Lee, Xiaoyue Ni, Jong Yoon Lee, Hany Arafa, David J. Pe, Shuai Xu, Raudel Avila, Masahiro Irie, Joo Hee Lee, Ryder L. Easterlin, Dong Hyun Kim, Ha Uk Chung, Omolara O. Olabisi, Selam Getaneh, Esther Chung, Marc Hill, Jeremy Bell, Hokyung Jang, Claire Liu, Jun Bin Park, Jungwoo Kim, Sung Bong Kim, Sunita Mehta, Matt Pharr, Andreas Tzavelis, Jonathan T. Reeder, Ivy Huang, Yujun Deng, Zhaoqian Xie, Charles R. Davies, Yonggang Huang, John A. Rogers
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2019)
Factors associated with improvement in uncontrolled cancer pain without increasing opioid daily dose among patients seen by an inpatient palliative care team.
Authors: Ali Haider, Yu Qian, Zhanni Lu, Syed M. Naqvi, Amy Zhuang, Kristy Nguyen, Akhila Sunkepally Reddy, Joseph Anthony Arthur, Kimberson Cochien Tanco, Janet L. Williams, Jimin Wu, Diane D. Liu, Eduardo Bruera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

9 Background: Increasing total opioid dose is the standard approach for managing uncontrolled cancer pain. Other than simply increasing the opioid dose, palliative care interventions are multidimensional and may improve pain control in the absence of opioid dose increase. The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of patients referred to our inpatient palliative care (IPC) team who achieved clinically improved pain (CIP) without opioid dose increase. Methods: We reviewed consecutive patients referred to our IPC team. Eligibility criteria included: 1) taking opioid medication; 2) having ≥ 2 consecutive visits with the IPC team; 3) Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) pain score ≥ 4 at consultation. We assessed patient demographics and clinical variables, including cancer type, opioid prescription data (type, route, oral morphine equivalent daily dose [MEDD]), presence of opioid rotation, psychological consultation, changes in adjuvant medications (e.g., corticosteroids, benzodiazepines, and neuroleptics), and achievement of CIP. Results: Of the 300 patients enrolled, CIP was achieved in 196 (65%) patients. Of CIP patients, 85 (43%) achieved CIP without an increase in MEDD. CIP without MEDD increase was associated with more adjuvant medication changes (P = 0.003), less opioid rotation (P = 0.005), and lower symptom distress scale of ESAS (P = 0.04). Conclusions: Nearly half of patients achieved CIP without MEDD increase, suggesting that multidimensional palliative care intervention is effective in improving pain control in many opioid-tolerant patients without the need to increase the opioid dose.
Significant Impact of the Molecular Profile on the Prognosis of Patients with Myeloproliferative Neoplasms and Splanchnic Vein Thromboses
Authors: Pierre-Edouard Debureaux, Bruno Cassinat, Juliette Soret-Dulphy, Emmanuelle Verger, Nabih Maslah, Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou, Aurelie Plessier, Dominique Valla, Stephane Giraudier, Jean-Jacques Kiladjian
Journal: Blood (2019)
Our understanding of neural codes rests on Shannon's foundations
Authors: Charles R. Gallistel
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2019)

Abstract Shannon's theory lays the foundation for understanding the flow of information from world into brain: There must be a set of possible messages. Brain structure determines what they are. Many messages convey quantitative facts (distances, directions, durations, etc.). It is impossible to consider how neural tissue processes these numbers without first considering how it encodes them.
Novel complications of the tunnelled indwelling pleural catheter
Authors: M. Tamburrini, U. Desai, U. Zuccon
Journal: Pulmonology (2019)

Tunnelled indwelling pleural catheters (TIPC) are a modality of treatment for malignant pleural effusions. Though relatively easy, safe and efficacious, they are associated with a small risk of complications. We describe newer complications of the TIPC including the retention of the polyester plug and the blockage of the catheter with thick organised material consisting of malignant cells taking the shape of the catheter.
Glycated Hemoglobin, Prediabetes, and the Links to Cardiovascular Disease: Data From UK Biobank
Authors: Claire Welsh, Paul Welsh, Carlos A. Celis-Morales, Patrick B. Mark, Daniel Mackay, Nazim Ghouri, Fredrick K. Ho, Lyn D. Ferguson, Rosemary Brown, James Lewsey, John G. Cleland, Stuart R. Gray, Donald M. Lyall, Jana J. Anderson, Pardeep S. Jhund, Jill P. Pell, Darren K. McGuire, Jason M.R. Gill, Naveed Sattar
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

HbA1c levels are increasingly measured in screening for diabetes; we investigated whether HbA1c may simultaneously improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment, using QRISK3, American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA), and Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) scoring systems.UK Biobank participants without baseline CVD or known diabetes (n = 357,833) were included. Associations of HbA1c with CVD was assessed using Cox models adjusting for classical risk factors. Predictive utility was determined by the C-index and net reclassification index (NRI). A separate analysis was conducted in 16,596 participants with known baseline diabetes.Incident fatal or nonfatal CVD, as defined in the QRISK3 prediction model, occurred in 12,877 participants over 8.9 years. Of participants, 3.3% (n = 11,665) had prediabetes (42.0-47.9 mmol/mol [6.0-6.4%]) and 0.7% (n = 2,573) had undiagnosed diabetes (≥48.0 mmol/mol [≥6.5%]). In unadjusted models, compared with the reference group (<42.0 mmol/mol [<6.0%]), those with prediabetes and undiagnosed diabetes were at higher CVD risk: hazard ratio (HR) 1.83 (95% CI 1.69-1.97) and 2.26 (95% CI 1.96-2.60), respectively. After adjustment for classical risk factors, these attenuated to HR 1.11 (95% CI 1.03-1.20) and 1.20 (1.04-1.38), respectively. Adding HbA1c to the QRISK3 CVD risk prediction model (C-index 0.7392) yielded a small improvement in discrimination (C-index increase of 0.0004 [95% CI 0.0001-0.0007]). The NRI showed no improvement. Results were similar for models based on the ACC/AHA and SCORE risk models.The near twofold higher unadjusted risk for CVD in people with prediabetes is driven mainly by abnormal levels of conventional CVD risk factors. While HbA1c adds minimally to cardiovascular risk prediction, those with prediabetes should have their conventional cardiovascular risk factors appropriately measured and managed.
Patient-Reported Outcome Results from the U.S. Life after Stopping TKIs (LAST) Study in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Kathryn E Flynn, Kevin P. Weinfurt, Li Lin, Jerald P. Radich, Charles A. Schiffer, Michael J. Mauro, Javier Pinilla Ibarz, Joseph O. Moore, Richard A. Larson, Vivian G. Oehler, Michael W. Deininger, James E. Thompson, Neil P Shah, Martha Wadleigh, Ellen K. Ritchie, Richard T. Silver, Jorge E. Cortes, Vamsi Kota, Ehab L. Atallah
Journal: Blood (2019)
As Far as Heart Health Goes, Is Napping Good, Bad, or Neither?
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Henry Bernard Pollock
Authors: Graham Pollock
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Henry Bernard Pollock was born in London. As a child he moved to Amsterdam with his immediate family but returned at the outbreak of the second world war. He was always proud of his Dutch ancestry. After evacuation to Bangor, north Wales, he settled in Hove and attended Shoreham Grammar School. After house jobs at Camberwell and Dulwich hospitals he worked as a ship’s surgeon …
Increased Tumour Burden over a 36 Month Period in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Following Imatinib Discontinuation: Role of Digital PCR
Authors: Elisa Diral, Philipp Le Coutre, Enrico Marco Gottardi, Chiara Elena, Micaela Bergamaschi, Sarit Assouline, Eros Di Bona, Jessica Petiti, Fabio Stagno, Alessandra Iurlo, Dong-Wook Kim, Alessandra Pirola, Maria Luisa Bonanomi, Patrizia Crivori, Rocco Piazza, Carmen Fava, Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini
Journal: Blood (2019)
First Analysis from a Phase 1/2 Study of Venetoclax in Combination with Daratumumab and Dexamethasone, +/- Bortezomib, in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Nizar Bahlis, Rachid Baz, Simon Harrison, Hang Quach, Shir-Jing Ho, Annette Juul Vangsted, Philippe Moreau, Simon Gibbs, Ahmed Hamed Salem, Jeremy A. Ross, John Pesko, Sally Westrup, Jenny Vue, Paulo C. Maciag, Orlando F. Bueno, Jonathan L. Kaufman
Journal: Blood (2019)
Research Needs and Priorities for Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Sana M. Al-Khatib, Emelia J. Benjamin, Alfred E. Buxton, Hugh Calkins, Mina K. Chung, Anne B. Curtis, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, Pierre Jais, Douglas L. Packer, Jonathan P. Piccini, Yves Rosenberg, Andrea M. Russo, Paul J. Wang, Lawton S. Cooper, Alan S. Go, Jeff S. Healey, Mark S. Link, Nassir F. Marrouche, Peter A. Noseworthy, Prashanthan Sanders, Melanie True Hills, Xiaoxi Yao, Susan J. Zieman
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Catheter ablation has brought major advances in the management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). As evidenced by multiple randomized trials, AF catheter ablation can reduce the risk of recurrent AF and improve quality of life. In some studies, AF ablation significantly reduced cardiovascular hospitalizations. Despite the existing data on AF catheter ablation, numerous knowledge gaps remain concerning this intervention. This report is based on a recent virtual workshop convened by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute to identify key research opportunities in AF ablation. We outline knowledge gaps related to emerging technologies, the relationship between cardiac structure and function and the success of AF ablation in patient subgroups in whom clinical benefit from ablation varies, and potential platforms to advance clinical research in this area. This report also considers the potential value and challenges of a sham ablation randomized trial. Prioritized research opportunities are identified and highlighted to empower relevant stakeholders to collaborate in designing and conducting effective, cost-efficient, and transformative research to optimize the use and outcomes of AF ablation.
Visual Opsin Diversity in Sharks and Rays
Authors: Nathan S Hart, Trevor D Lamb, Hardip R Patel, Aaron Chuah, Riccardo C Natoli, Nicholas J Hudson, Scott C Cutmore, Wayne I L Davies, Shaun P Collin, David M Hunt
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2019)

Abstract The diversity of color vision systems found in extant vertebrates suggests that different evolutionary selection pressures have driven specializations in photoreceptor complement and visual pigment spectral tuning appropriate for an animal’s behavior, habitat, and life history. Aquatic vertebrates in particular show high variability in chromatic vision and have become important models for understanding the role of color vision in prey detection, predator avoidance, and social interactions. In this study, we examined the capacity for chromatic vision in elasmobranch fishes, a group that have received relatively little attention to date. We used microspectrophotometry to measure the spectral absorbance of the visual pigments in the outer segments of individual photoreceptors from several ray and shark species, and we sequenced the opsin mRNAs obtained from the retinas of the same species, as well as from additional elasmobranch species. We reveal the phylogenetically widespread occurrence of dichromatic color vision in rays based on two cone opsins, RH2 and LWS. We also confirm that all shark species studied to date appear to be cone monochromats but report that in different species the single cone opsin may be of either the LWS or the RH2 class. From this, we infer that cone monochromacy in sharks has evolved independently on multiple occasions. Together with earlier discoveries in secondarily aquatic marine mammals, this suggests that cone-based color vision may be of little use for large marine predators, such as sharks, pinnipeds, and cetaceans.
Human Pegivirus (HPgV) Infection and Lymphoma Risk and Prognosis: A Study from North America
Authors: Angelo Fama, Jinhua Xiang, Cristine Allmer, Brian K Link, Donna Klinzman, Andrew L Feldman, Grzegorz S Nowakowski, Mark Liebow, Melissa C. Larson, Matthew J Maurer, Susan L Slager, Timothy G. Call, Stephen M Ansell, Anne J Novak, Thomas M Habermann, James R. Cerhan, Jack T Stapleton
Journal: Blood (2017)
Association of survival and blood-based genomic signature with atezolizumab for patients with second-line and third-line EGFR wild-type non-small cell lung cancer: Pooled analysis of individual patient data from the POPLAR and OAK trials
Authors: Y. Yu, A. Li, Y. Chen, Q. Li, Q. Ou, D. Lin, W. Zhang, Z. Li, H. Hu, H. Yao
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Insights From Liver‐Humanized Mice on Cholesterol Lipoprotein Metabolism and LXR‐Agonist Pharmacodynamics in Humans
Authors: Mirko E. Minniti, Matteo Pedrelli, Lise‐Lotte Vedin, Anne‐Sophie Delbès, Raphaël G.P. Denis, Katariina Öörni, Claudia Sala, Chiara Pirazzini, Divya Thiagarajan, Harri J. Nurmi, Markus Grompe, Kevin Mills, Paolo Garagnani, Ewa C.S. Ellis, Stephen C. Strom, Serge H. Luquet, Elizabeth M. Wilson, John Bial, Knut R. Steffensen, Paolo Parini
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Background and Aims Genetically modified mice have been used extensively to study human disease. However, the data gained are not always translatable to humans because of major species differences. Liver‐humanized mice (LHM) are considered a promising model to study human hepatic and systemic metabolism. Therefore, we aimed to further explore their lipoprotein metabolism and to characterize key hepatic species‐related, physiological differences. Approach and Results Fah−/− , Rag2−/− , and Il2rg−/− knockout mice on the nonobese diabetic (FRGN) background were repopulated with primary human hepatocytes from different donors. Cholesterol lipoprotein profiles of LHM showed a human‐like pattern, characterized by a high ratio of low‐density lipoprotein to high‐density lipoprotein, and dependency on the human donor. This pattern was determined by a higher level of apolipoprotein B100 in circulation, as a result of lower hepatic mRNA editing and low‐density lipoprotein receptor expression, and higher levels of circulating proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9. As a consequence, LHM lipoproteins bind to human aortic proteoglycans in a pattern similar to human lipoproteins. Unexpectedly, cholesteryl ester transfer protein was not required to determine the human‐like cholesterol lipoprotein profile. Moreover, LHM treated with GW3965 mimicked the negative lipid outcomes of the first human trial of liver X receptor stimulation (i.e., a dramatic increase of cholesterol and triglycerides in circulation). Innovatively, LHM allowed the characterization of these effects at a molecular level. Conclusions LHM represent an interesting translatable model of human hepatic and lipoprotein metabolism. Because several metabolic parameters displayed donor dependency, LHM may also be used in studies for personalized medicine.
Open women’s health clinics at evenings and weekends, says RCOG
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2019)

One stop women’s health clinics open at evenings and weekends should be made available across the UK to improve access to contraceptive, abortion, menopause, and sexually transmitted infection services, the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists has said.

The move would improve convenience for women by enabling them to have a cervical screening test and a contraception review at the same time, save money, and focus services to deliver preventive healthcare, the college said in its report Better for Women .1

A survey it commissioned for the report found that nearly four in 10 women (37%) were unable to access contraception services locally and almost two thirds (60%) could not access unplanned pregnancy services near where they live. The survey, which was completed by 3021 women aged between 18 …
Drawing on disorder: How viruses use histone mimicry to their advantage
Authors: Alexander Tarakhovsky, Rab K. Prinjha
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2018)

Humans carry trillions of viruses that thrive because of their ability to exploit the host. In this exploitation, viruses promote their own replication by suppressing the host antiviral response and by inducing changes in host biosynthetic processes, often with extremely small genomes of their own. In the review, we discuss the phenomenon of histone mimicry by viral proteins and how this mimicry allows the virus to dial in to the cell’s transcriptional processes and establish a cell state that promotes infection. We suggest that histone mimicry is part of a broader viral strategy to use intrinsic protein disorder as a means to overcome the size limitations of its own genome and to maximize its impact on host protein networks. In particular, we discuss how intrinsic protein disorder may enable viral proteins to interfere with phase-separated host protein condensates, including those that contribute to chromatin-mediated control of gene expression.
Dendritic Effects of Injectable Biodegradable Thermogels on Pharmacotherapy of Inflammatory Glaucoma‐Associated Degradation of Extracellular Matrix
Authors: Duc Dung Nguyen, Li‐Jyuan Luo, Jui‐Yang Lai
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

Abstract The development of advanced drug delivery systems with extensively sustained release and multiple functions is highly imperative for effective attenuation of the degradation of ocular extracellular matrix that is associated with inflammatory glaucoma. Here, the generation of amine‐terminated polyamidoamine dendrimers in an injectable biodegradable thermogel is demonstrated to be important for achieving prolonged drug release profiles and potent anti‐inflammatory effects. Among various generations (G x , x = 0, 1, 3, 5), third‐generation G3 is proved as the most effective material for optimizing the synergistic effects of gelatin and poly( N ‐isopropylacrylamide) and generating a thermogel with the highest biodegradation resistance, the best drug encapsulation/extended‐release performance, and the best ability to reduce the elevated expression of inflammatory molecules. A pharmacotherapy based on intracameral injection of thermogels coloaded with pilocarpine and ascorbic acid results in effective alleviation of progressive glaucoma owing to the anti‐inflammatory activity and long‐acting drug release (above a therapeutic level of 10 µg mL −1 over 80 days) of thermogels, which simultaneously suppress inflammation and stimulate regeneration of stromal collagen and retinal laminin. These findings on the dendritic effects of rationally designed injectable biomaterials with potent anti‐inflammatory effects and controlled drug release demonstrate great promise of their use for pharmacological treatment of progressive glaucoma.
B Cell Restricted Expression of Mutated IKZF3 modulates BCR Signaling and Homing Pathways in a Mouse Model of CLL
Authors: Gregory Lazarian, Shanye Yin, Elisa Ten Hacken, Tomasz Sewastianik, Alba Font-tello, Heather Joyal, Elizabeth Witten, Mei Zheng, Christopher J. Ott, Donna S Neuberg, Lili Wang, Ruben D. Carrasco, Catherine J. Wu
Journal: Blood (2019)
Electronic Cigarette Smoking Increases Arterial Stiffness and Oxidative Stress to a Lesser Extent Than a Single Conventional Cigarette
Authors: Ignatios Ikonomidis, Dimitrios Vlastos, Kallirrhoe Kourea, Gavriela Kostelli, Maria Varoudi, George Pavlidis, Panagiotis Efentakis, Helen Triantafyllidi, John Parissis, Ioanna Andreadou, Efstathios Iliodromitis, John Lekakis
Journal: Circulation (2018)
Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students — United States, 2011–2016
Authors: Ahmed Jamal, Andrea Gentzke, S. Sean Hu, Karen A. Cullen, Benjamin J. Apelberg, David M. Homa, Brian A. King
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States; nearly all tobacco use begins during youth and young adulthood (1,2). Among youths, use of tobacco products in any form is unsafe (1,3). CDC and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) analyzed data from the 2011-2016 National Youth Tobacco Surveys (NYTS) to determine recent patterns of current (past 30-day) use of seven tobacco product types among U.S. middle (grades 6-8) and high (grades 9-12) school students. In 2016, 20.2% of surveyed high school students and 7.2% of middle school students reported current tobacco product use. In 2016, among current tobacco product users, 47.2% of high school students and 42.4% of middle school students used ≥2 tobacco products, and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) were the most commonly used tobacco product among high (11.3%) and middle (4.3%) school students. Current use of any tobacco product did not change significantly during 2011-2016 among high or middle school students, although combustible tobacco product use declined. However, during 2015-2016, among high school students, decreases were observed in current use of any tobacco product, any combustible product, ≥2 tobacco products, e-cigarettes, and hookahs. Among middle school students, current use of e-cigarettes decreased. Comprehensive and sustained strategies can help prevent and reduce the use of all forms of tobacco products among U.S. youths (1-3).
Codes are for messages, not for neurons
Authors: Bjorn Merker
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2019)

Abstract My commentary draws on extensive arguments against “coding in the brain” developed by my neuroscience mentor, the late Eugene Sachs, who summarized them as follows: “[T]he energy in the signal is the only code there is for information…. The code is the same for each cell, but each cell's location is different, and location is the only basis for significance” (p. 13).
Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) Assessment in the ECOG1411 Randomized Phase 2 Trial of Front-Line Bendamustine-Rituximab (BR)-Based Induction Followed By Rituximab (R) ± Lenalidomide (L) Consolidation for Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL)
Authors: Mitchell Smith, Opeyemi Jegede, Samir Parekh, Curtis A. Hanson, Peter Martin, Brian G. Till, Michael Crump, John P. Leonard, Jonathan W. Friedberg, Brad S. Kahl, Thomas E. Witzig
Journal: Blood (2019)