tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Determinants of the combined use of external beam radiation therapy and brachytherapy for low-risk localized prostate cancer.
Authors: Ruben G. W. Quek, Viraj A. Master, Kevin C. Ward, Chun Chieh Lin, Katherine S. Virgo, Kenneth M. Portier, Joseph Lipscomb
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e16039 Background: Prostate cancer treatment patterns have been shown to vary by physician and patient characteristics. For low-risk localized prostate cancer patients, we examined the association between their region of residence and their radiation oncologists’ practice affiliations with medical schools on the likelihood they would receive both external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and brachytherapy (BT) – a treatment regimen that is at variance with clinical guidelines and has not been shown to improve survival or other patient centered outcomes. Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results – Medicare linked database and the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of 4,479 patients aged 66 years or older who were diagnosed between 2004-2007 with low-risk localized prostate cancer, and the 401 radiation oncologists who saw them. Multilevel regression analyses were used to evaluate the influence of patients’ region of residence and radiation oncologists’ practice affiliations with medical schools on the combined use of EBRT and BT on patients within 6 months of diagnosis. Results: Overall, 231 (5.2%) patients received combined EBRT and BT. After adjusting for patient, tumor and radiation oncologist characteristics, patients who saw radiation oncologists with no practice affiliation with medical schools were significantly more likely to receive combined EBRT and BT (odds ratio [OR], 3.14; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.50-6.59, p = 0.003). Regional variations were also observed; the odds of receiving combined therapy for patients residing in California (OR, 0.1; 95% CI, 0.03-0.33, p&lt;0.0001) were significantly less than those in Georgia (OR, 1.0; referent). Conclusions: Low-risk localized prostate cancer patients residing in Georgia were significantly more likely to receive combined EBRT and BT when compared to those in other SEER Regions. Radiation oncologists without practice affiliations with medical schools were significantly more likely to treat patients with combined therapy; such treatment patterns are not consistent with clinical guidelines and unlikely to have significant survival benefit.
PERCUTANEOUS OR SURGICAL ACCESS IN TRANSFEMORAL TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND UPDATED META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Hesham Abdelaziz, Michael Megaly, Maciej Debski, Hazim Rahbi, Diaa Kamal, Marwan Saad, Andrew Wiper, Ranjit More, David Roberts
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS IMPROVE ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE POOLED COHORT EQUATIONS MODEL
Authors: Alexander Fardman, Gabriel Dov Banschick, Razi Rabia, Shay Kivity, Gilad Twig, Shlomo Segev, Robert Klempfner, Ruth Percik, Ehud Grossman, Elad Maor
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Patterns of diagnosis for colorectal cancer (CRC): Screening detected versus symptomatic presentation
Authors: S. R. Smiljanic, S. Gill
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

1023 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer death in North America; studies have shown that screening improves survival. Conducted in British Columbia, Canada, this study was conducted to identify the proportion of screening-eligible patients with sporadic CRC who are detected by screening tests versus symptomatic presentation,and to compare baseline patient and tumor characteristics of these two groups. Methods: This retrospective cohort study identified 571 cases via the BC Cancer Registry of patients age 50 years and older presenting with first diagnosis of invasive CRC between Nov. 2002 and Apr. 2003. Patients with non-adenocarcinoma histology, HNPCC or FAP were not included. Self completed questionnaires were mailed to all patients to capture: prior screening history, screening versus symptomatic presentation, and demographic information. All respondents charts were then reviewed to corroborate screening information, and to obtain pathological information including TNM stage, grade and site (proximal versus distal colon versus rectal). Results: Of 212 eligible respondents (37% response), only 14 of 212 (6.6%) patients with a new CRC were detected via screening versus 198 of 212 (93.4%) presenting with symptoms. Respondents were average age at diagnosis 69 years, 59% male, 91% Caucasian, 37%rectal, and 18% M1 at diagnosis. No significant differences in the age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, tumour stage and site were detected between the screened versus symptomatic groups. Only 33 of 212 patients (15.6%) reported ever having a screening test. 19 of 198 cancers (9.6%) were diagnosed by symptomatic presentation despite a compliant screening history. Conclusion: Despite universal health-care access in British Columbia, only 7% of patients with a new diagnosis of CRC were detected via a screening test. Furthermore, only 15% of screening-eligible respondents have ever been screened. There were no differences in patient demographics or stage of disease at presentation but numbers in the screening cohort were limited. Significant effort is required to increase knowledge and compliance for CRC screening. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Treatment practice patterns and survival among patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (mSTS) in a community setting in the United States.
Authors: Clara Chen, Rohit Borker, Rahul Dhanda, Eric Nadler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e20510 Background: Although guidelines exist for use of chemotherapy in mSTS, a disease associated with extremely poor survival, data on real world treatment practice patterns and disease prognosis are lacking, especially in community settings. This study describes the treatment patterns and survival among patients with mSTS in a community setting. Methods: A retrospective cohort study using an oncology electronic medical record (EMR) database from 7/2008 to 12/2010 was conducted. Study subjects were aged ≥18 years, had mSTS, and received 1st and/or 2nd line chemotherapy during the study period. Treatment patterns were documented based on descriptive analysis of the EMR data. Kaplan-Meier estimates were calculated for reporting overall survival (OS) across lines of therapy. Results: The study sample consisted of 368 mSTS patients (mean age [SD]: 61 years [16 years]). Among those who received chemotherapy (179 patients), 178 patients (99%) received 1st line treatment while 43 patients (24%) received 2nd line treatment. Doxorubicin + ifosfamide (29%), docetaxel + gemcitabine (25%) and doxorubicin (13%) were more frequently used in 1st line treatments, while docetaxel + gemcitabine (58%) and doxorubicin liposomal (16%) were more frequently used in 2nd line treatments. The table reports the data on OS. Conclusions: There is a lack of standard of care in treatment of mSTS in the community setting in the US. The prognosis of metastatic disease, especially in the advanced lines of treatment, remains poor. [Table: see text]
The biology of emotion is missing
Authors: Katherine Peil Kauffman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2020)

Although augmenting rational models with cognitive constraints is long overdue, the emotional system - our innately evaluative "affective" constraints - is missing from the model. Factoring in the informational nature of emotional perception, its explicit self-regulatory functional logic, and the predictable pitfalls of its hardwired behavioral responses (including a maladaptive form of "identity management") can offer dramatic enhancements.
LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN TRIGLYCERIDE AS A PROGNOSTIC PREDICTOR ASSOCIATES WITH DIFFERENT LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL TARGETS AND INFLAMMATORY STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH STABLE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Jing-Lu Jin, Hui-Wen Zhang, Ye-Xuan Cao, Hui-Hui Liu, Yan Zhang, Yuan-Lin Guo, Na-Qiong Wu, Cheng-Gang Zhu, Rui-Xia Xu, Ying Gao, Chuan-Jue Cui, Jing Sun, Qian Dong, Jian-Jun Li
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
DIAGNOSING HFPEF: VALIDATION OF A NONINVASIVE DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH AGAINST INVASIVE HEMODYNAMICS
Authors: Shawn X. Li, Timothy W. Churchill, Lisa A. Curreri, Elizabeth Liu, Robyn Farrell, Mark W. Schoenike, John Sbarbaro, Jennifer N. Rouvina, Casey G. White, Alyssa Kowal, Rajeev Malhotra, Matthew G. Nayor, Gregory D. Lewis, Jennifer E. Ho
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Out of Tibet: Genomic Perspectives on the Evolutionary History of Extant Pikas
Authors: XiaoYun Wang, Dan Liang, Wei Jin, MingKun Tang, None Shalayiwu, ShaoYing Liu, Peng Zhang
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2020)

Abstract Pikas are widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and are highly adapted to cold and alpine environments. They are one of the most complex and problematic groups in mammalian systematics, and the origin and evolutionary history of extant pikas remain controversial. In this study, we sequenced the whole coding sequences of 105 pika samples (29 named species and 1 putative new species) and obtained DNA data for more than 10,000 genes. Our phylogenomic analyses recognized four subgenera of extant pikas: Alienauroa, Conothoa, Ochotona, and Pika. The interrelationships between the four subgenera were strongly resolved as (Conothoa, (Alienauroa, (Ochotona, Pika))), with the mountain group Conothoa being the sister group of all other pikas. Our divergence time and phylogeographic analyses indicated that the last common ancestor of extant pikas first occurred on in the middle Miocene, ∼14 Ma. The emergence of opportunities related to the climate, food supply, and spreading paths in concert promoted the dispersal of pikas from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) to other parts of Eurasia and North America. We found that the genes that were positively selected in the early evolution of pikas were most concentrated in functional categories related to cold tolerance. These results suggest that the QTP may have served as a training ground for cold tolerance in early pikas, which gives pikas a great advantage when the climate continued to cool after the middle Miocene. Our study highlights the importance of the QTP as a center of origin for many cold-adapted animals.
Publisher Correction: Molecular analysis of primary melanoma T cells identifies patients at risk for metastatic recurrence
Authors: Wiebke Pruessmann, Julie Rytlewski, James Wilmott, Martin C. Mihm, Grace H. Attrill, Beatrice Dyring-Andersen, Paul Fields, Qian Zhan, Andrew J. Colebatch, Peter M. Ferguson, John F. Thompson, Klaus Kallenbach, Erik Yusko, Rachael A. Clark, Harlan Robins, Richard A. Scolyer, Thomas S. Kupper
Journal: Nature Cancer (2020)
Variations in FLT3 ligand levels during the course of AML treatment.
Authors: Michael Richard Grunwald, Mark J. Levis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

7026 Background: FLT3 ligand (FL) is a hematopoietic growth factor expressed in many tissues. AML patients who are administered myeloablative therapy exhibit a marked and transient rise in plasma FL concentrations. Furthermore, the presence of high concentrations (1000 pg/mL) of FL impedes the efficacy of FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitors in vitro. However, the behavior of FL concentrations throughout the course of AML treatment remains unknown. This pilot study was undertaken to track the relationship between AML therapy and FL levels over time. Methods: Ten AML patients were enrolled in an IRB-approved procurement protocol. Blood samples were collected at weekly intervals for one year, and plasma was isolated by centrifugation. Plasma FL and stem cell factor (SCF) concentrations were measured by ELISA. Results: We observed four distinct patterns in FL fluctuations. First, in all cases where induction or consolidation chemotherapy resulted in an aplastic bone marrow (nine patients), FL concentrations rose markedly and consistently to levels &gt;1000 pg/mL following the administration of chemotherapy. Second, in three of four patients whose leukemia was refractory to induction chemotherapy, FL concentrations remained below 500 pg/mL during induction. Third, in two patients receiving the FLT3 TKI sorafenib, FL concentrations did not rise above 500 pg/mL while on this medication. Fourth, in one patient receiving the hypomethylating agent 5-azacitidine, FL concentrations remained below 100 pg/mL throughout the course of therapy. SCF concentrations did not vary throughout the course of chemotherapy. Conclusions: An “FL surge” was seen when cytotoxic chemotherapy resulted in aplasia. This FL surge was not seen with sorafenib or 5-azacitidine. In addition, the FL surge was attenuated in three patients whose leukemia was refractory to chemotherapy. These observations give rise to two new hypotheses regarding FL: 1) It is possible to maintain lower FL levels with targeted agents than with chemotherapy; and 2) Residual leukemia appears to inhibit the FL surge, providing indirect evidence of cross-talk between leukemia and the stromal microenvironment. This inhibition may be the explanation for why AML patients develop pancytopenia early in relapse.
Human resources allocation in oncologic day hospital: Validation of the Kohen-Gil Deza scale (KGD) for risk assesment.
Authors: Nelson Kohen, Ernesto Gil Deza, Natasha Gercovich, Eduardo L. Morgenfeld, Carlos Fernando Garcia Gerardi, Gaston Martin Reinas, Monica Montiel, Flavio Tognelli, Edgardo G. J. Rivarola, Felipe G. Gercovich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

6596 Background: The oncological day hospital (ODH) at IOHM carries out 80 chemotherapies per day with 6 certified oncological nurses as staff. Human resources allocation in oncology has not been formally studied in relation to treatment risks. The objective of this paper is to present a risk assessment model for the rational allocation for human resources in the ODH using the KGD scale. Methods: The KGD scale was designed through a retrospective evaluation of more than 15,000 treatments (Tx). Between November 1 st and December 1 st , 2012, this instrument was validated with all new patients (Pt) beginning Tx at IOHM. The KGD scale evaluates risk according to: Five Pt characteristics (Elderly, Polymedicated, Without symptom control, Neuropsychiatric problems, Presence or absence of family members); Four Tx characteristics (New drugs, Complex protocol, High risk of acute toxicity, Infrequently used) and workplace context(New personnel, Holiday absences, With or without close medical support). The KGD scale was determined for each Tx and applied as follows: Low Risk (0-3 points): two nurses in the ODH, supervision is at the patient’s request and the chemotherapy can be administered at the beginning or end of the workday; Intermediate Risk (4-5 points): three nurses in the ODH, supervision is mandatory and the treatment can take place at any time in the workday; High Risk(6 or more points): four nurses in the ODH, supervision must be constant and the Tx must take place in the middle of the workday. The chemotherapy outcome was observed. Results: One hundred and thirty patients were admitted. Sex fem 74 (59%), male 56 (41%): age: 49y (range 22-87). Diagnosis: breast 40, colon: 21, lung: 16, ovaries:11, lymphoma: 11, testis:7, sarcoma: 5 ; others: 19 KGD risk assessment: Low Risk 25 pts (19 %); Intermediate Risk 77 pts (59%); High Risk 28 pts (21%). There were no complications in any of the 312 chemotherapy treatments administered to this cohort. Conclusions: 1) The KGD scale has shown to be a useful aid in the treatment risk assessment. 2) Use of the KGD scale allows for an efficient personnel allocation at the ODH according the Tx risk 3) The academic qualification of the nurses staff are mandatory to control the risk.
A RARE CAUSE OF PULMONARY EDEMA: PRIMARY CARDIAC NEOPLASM MIMICKING MITRAL STENOSIS
Authors: Rodrigo Nuñez Mendez, Jose G. Nuñez Mendez, Juan M. Garcia Zamudio, Jesus A. Sanchez Carranza, Carlos Cabrera Ramirez, Cesar A. Flores Garcia, Cesar Castillo Romero, Jesus Saucedo Castillo, Eduardo Almeida Gutierrez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
GO-DACT: a phase 3b randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of GOlimumab plus methotrexate (MTX) versus placebo plus MTX in improving DACTylitis in MTX-naive patients with psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Elsa Vieira-Sousa, Pedro Alves, Ana M Rodrigues, Filipa Teixeira, Jose Tavares-Costa, Alexandra Bernardo, Sofia Pimenta, Fernando M Pimentel-Santos, João Lagoas Gomes, Renata Aguiar, Patrícia Pinto, Taciana Videira, Cristina Catita, Helena Santos, Joana Borges, Graça Sequeira, Célia Ribeiro, Lídia Teixeira, Pedro Ávila- Ribeiro, Fernando M Martins, Helena Canhão, Iain B. McInnes, Ruy M Ribeiro, João Eurico Fonseca
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Objectives To assess the efficacy of golimumab in combination with methotrexate (MTX) versus MTX monotherapy in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) dactylitis. Methods Multicentre, investigator-initiated, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-design phase 3b trial in 11 Portuguese rheumatology centres. Patients with PsA along with active dactylitis and naive to MTX and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) were randomly assigned to golimumab or placebo, both in combination with MTX. The primary endpoint was Dactylitis Severity Score (DSS) change from baseline to week 24. Key secondary endpoints included DSS and Leeds Dactylitis Index (LDI) response, and changes from baseline in the LDI and MRI dactylitis score. Analysis was by intention-to-treat for the primary endpoint. Results Twenty-one patients received golimumab plus MTX and 23 MTX monotherapy for 24 weeks. One patient from each arm discontinued. Patient inclusion was halted at 50% planned recruitment due to a favourable interim analysis. Median baseline DSS was 6 in both arms. By week 24, patients treated with golimumab plus MTX exhibited significantly greater improvements in DSS relative to MTX monotherapy (median change of 5 vs 2 points, respectively; p=0.026). In the golimumab plus MTX arm, significantly higher proportions of patients achieved at least 50% or 70% improvement in DSS and 20%, 50% or 70% improvement in LDI in comparison to MTX monotherapy. Conclusions The combination of golimumab and MTX as first-line bDMARD therapy is superior to MTX monotherapy for the treatment of PsA dactylitis. Trial registration number NCT02065713
RECURSIVE FEATURE ELIMINATION (RFE) SELECTS FOR IMPORTANT FEATURES IN PREDICTING POST-OPERATIVE CARDIAC ARREST (POCA) IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING (CABG): INSIGHTS FROM THE STS REGISTRY
Authors: Wasiq Sheikh, Anshul Parulkar, Malik Bilal Ahmed, Brian Osler, Brian Liu, Esseim Sharma, Brian McCauley, Antony Chu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
MULTI-PARAMETRIC CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE MARKERS OF ANGIOGENESIS INHIBITOR-INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY
Authors: Stephen Dobbin, Kenneth Mangion, Susmita Basak, Steven Sourbron, Giles Roditi, Venugopal Balaji, Robert Jones, Jeff White, Caroline Coats, Colin Berry, Mark Petrie, Rhian Touyz, Ninian Lang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Pasteurized <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> increases whole-body energy expenditure and fecal energy excretion in diet-induced obese mice
Authors: Clara Depommier, Matthias Van Hul, Amandine Everard, Nathalie M. Delzenne, Willem M. De Vos, Patrice D. Cani
Journal: Gut Microbes (2020)

Accumulating evidence points to Akkermansia muciniphila as a novel candidate to prevent or treat obesity-related metabolic disorders. We recently observed, in mice and in humans, that pasteurization of A. muciniphila increases its beneficial effects on metabolism. However, it is currently unknown if the observed beneficial effects on body weight and fat mass gain are due to specific changes in energy expenditure. Therefore, we investigated the effects of pasteurized A. muciniphila on whole-body energy metabolism during high-fat diet feeding by using metabolic chambers. We confirmed that daily oral administration of pasteurized A. muciniphila alleviated diet-induced obesity and decreased food energy efficiency. We found that this effect was associated with an increase in energy expenditure and spontaneous physical activity. Strikingly, we discovered that energy expenditure was enhanced independently from changes in markers of thermogenesis or beiging of the white adipose tissue. However, we found in brown and white adipose tissues that perilipin2, a factor associated with lipid droplet and known to be altered in obesity, was decreased in expression by pasteurized A. muciniphila. Finally, we observed that treatment with pasteurized A. muciniphila increased energy excretion in the feces. Interestingly, we demonstrated that this effect was not due to the modulation of intestinal lipid absorption or chylomicron synthesis but likely involved a reduction of carbohydrates absorption and enhanced intestinal epithelial turnover.In conclusion, this study further dissects the mechanisms by which pasteurized A. muciniphila reduces body weight and fat mass gain. These data also further support the impact of targeting the gut microbiota by using specific bacteria to control whole-body energy metabolism.
EVENT FREE SURVIVAL FOLLOWING ANGIOGRAPHICALLY SUCCESSFUL (TIMI 3 FLOW) PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN ST SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IS DEPENDANT ON MICROVASCULAR PERFUSION
Authors: Feng Xie, Lijun Qian, Andrew Goldsweig, Di Xu, Thomas Porter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
NARROWING OF THE CORONARY SINUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF REFRACTORY ANGINA PECTORIS A MULTICENTER PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL OPEN LABEL CLINICAL TRIAL (THE REDUCER I TRIAL): ANALYSIS OF THE FIRST 207 PATIENTS
Authors: Shmuel Banai, Maayan Konigstein, Pierfrancesco Agostoni, Francesco Giannini, Jonathan M. Hill, Stefan Verheye
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)