tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Voluntary vs Electrically Stimulated Activation in Age-Related Muscle Weakness
Authors: Brian C. Clark, Todd M. Manini, Nathan P. Wages, Janet E. Simon, Leatha A. Clark
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

The scientific and medical communities have long recognized that muscle weakness is a major risk factor for physical limitations, outright physical disability, and early death in older adults.1 It was long assumed that age-related loss of lean mass (ie, sarcopenia) was the primary contributor to weakness. This led to a number of pharmaceutical companies pursuing compounds that mechanistically act on muscle (eg, hypertrophy-inducing myostatin inhibitors) with the goal being to enhance muscle and physical function.2 Most of these have failed to enhance muscle strength and physical function, in part because of the multiple factors associated with muscle strength and physical function that extend well beyond muscle mass. For instance, longitudinal data clearly demonstrate that loss of strength is only modestly associated with loss of mass in older adults.3 Given that muscle force production is driven both by skeletal muscle size and quality as well as the nervous system,4 this cross-sectional study specifically examined the role of the nervous system in clinically meaningful, age-related weakness. Specifically, we sought to determine whether older adults with clinically meaningful weakness exhibit impairments in their nervous systems’ (peripheral and central) ability to activate their lower extremity muscles compared with their stronger counterparts. Here, we calculated the degree of voluntary inactivation (VIA) by comparing voluntary and electrically stimulated muscle forces.5 While this does not give insight about where in the nervous system impairment may occur, it does provide insight into whether the nervous system may have a global involvement in weakness.
Response to the Combination of Osimertinib and Trametinib in a Patient With EGFR-Mutant NSCLC Harboring an Acquired BRAF Fusion
Authors: Ibiayi Dagogo-Jack, Zofia Piotrowska, Rosemary Cobb, Mandeep Banwait, Jochen K. Lennerz, Aaron N. Hata, Subba R. Digumarthy, Lecia V. Sequist
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2019)
Integrating Social Care Into the Delivery of Health Care
Authors: Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TCT-215 Clinical Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Ostial Left Anterior Descending Artery-Chronic Total Occlusion
Authors: Euihong Ko, Junho Hyun, Ju Hyeon Kim, Yeongjin Jeong, Yujin Yang, KyungJin Choe, Junghoon Lee, Sangwoo Park, Hanbit Park, Sang-Cheol Cho, Yong-Hoon Yoon, Do-Yoon Kang, Pil Hyung Lee, Jung-Min Ahn, Duk-Woo Park, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
TCT-573 Direct Transpedal Pressure Measurement During Transpedal Below-the-Knee Interventions in Critical Limb Ischemia
Authors: Zoltan Ruzsa, Ádám Csavajda, Mónika Deák, Nemes Balázs, Béla Merkely, Tak Kwan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
TCT-531 Risk Factors Associated With Permanent Pacemaker Implantation in Patients Receiving a Balloon-Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve Prosthesis: Results From Retrospective International Multicenter CONDUCT Registry
Authors: Michal Droppa, Oliver Borst, Gawaz Meinrad, Victor Mauri, Jan Baan, Jeroen Vendrik, Helmut Baumgartner, Cornelia Deutsch, Peter Bramlage, Jochen Wöhrle, Tobias Geisler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Results from a phase II study to assess the efficacy and tolerability of fulvestrant 250 mg/month as treatment of recurrent or metastatic endometrial carcinoma
Authors: G. Emons, A. Guenthert, F. Thiel, O. Camara, H. Strauss, G. Breitbach, H. Koelbl, T. Reimer, D. Finas, K. Rensing
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

5532 Background: Fulvestrant (F) is a pure anti-estrogen with no agonistic action and no known adverse effects on the endometrium. This may be an advantage over tamoxifen, which has been successfully used in the treatment of hormone-receptor (HR) positive recurrent or metastatic endometrial carcinoma. Methods: This was an open label single-arm multicentre phase II study (AGO-Uterus 5) in patients with recurrent or metastatic endometrial carcinoma and measurable disease (RECIST). Pts. received monthly 250 mg F i.m. injections. The primary objective was clinical response after 3 injections, measured 4 weeks after injection 3 (ITT-pop.). Safety and tolerability were secondary endpoints. Results: Between March 2003 and May 2006, 35 pts. were included. Mean age was 70 years (range 45–83), first diagnosis was a mean 2.6 years ago, diagnosis of recurrence 10.2 months ago. 25 pts. (73.5%) had a FIGO 4B; 24 pts. (71%) had endometrioid cancer, 5 (15%) serous and 5 other carcinoma. All pts. had a positive ER and/or PgR status. 1 pt. had received no surgery for her disease; 21 pts. (61.8%) had prior radiotherapy; 13 pts. (38.2%) chemotherapy. 26 pts. were assessed as planned (ITT); 5 pts. received fewer than 3 injections, 4 pts. were not seen 4 weeks after inj. 3. Response to F was PR in 5 pts. (19.2%) and SD in 8 pts. (30.8%), adding up to a 50% disease control rate. 13 pts. had PD. Tolerability was good, no previously unknown side effects occurred. Conclusions: F showed encouraging response rates in our patient collective and was well tolerated. Further studies are warranted with F in HR pos. endometrial carcinoma. This study was supported by AstraZeneca. F is licensed for treatment of ER+, advanced breast cancer after an antioestrogen in postmenopausal women. [Table: see text]
Evaluation of Nudt15 -Guided Thiopurine Dose Individualization In Vivo Using CRISPR/Cas9-Edited Mouse Model
Authors: Takaya Moriyama, Rina Nishii, Laura Janke, Lie Li, Chen Ru, Scott A Brown, Ting-Nien Lin, Chase Suiter, Kentaro Kihira, Hidemi Toyoda, Motohiro Kato, Atushi Manabe, Katsuyoshi Koh, Masatoshi Takagi, Hiroki Hori, Jun J. Yang
Journal: Blood (2017)
Dabigatran Reversal With Idarucizumab in Patients With Renal Impairment
Authors: John W. Eikelboom, Joanne van Ryn, Paul Reilly, Elaine M. Hylek, Amelie Elsaesser, Stephan Glund, Charles V. Pollack, Jeffrey I. Weitz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)

Dabigatran and idarucizumab, its reversal agent, are renally cleared.The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of reversal and outcomes according to baseline renal function in dabigatran-treated nondialysis patients receiving idarucizumab.In 503 patients in RE-VERSE AD (Reversal of Effects of Idarucizumab in Patients on Active Dabigatran), the extent of dabigatran reversal and clinical outcomes were compared according to baseline renal function (creatinine clearance: normal ≥80, mild 50 to <80, moderate 30 to <50, and severe <30 ml/min).Compared with patients with normal renal function, those with impaired renal function were older, were more often women, and had lower body mass indexes, more comorbidities, higher CHADS2 scores, and higher dabigatran plasma levels despite more frequent use of lower-dose dabigatran regimens. Regardless of renal function, median reversal measured by dilute thrombin time was 100% within 4 h of idarucizumab administration, and over 98% of patients achieved this with corresponding undetectable levels of unbound dabigatran. By 12 or 24 h, 56% of patients with severe, 29.1% with moderate, and 9.2% with mild renal impairment had dabigatran levels >20 ng/ml compared with 8.3% of patients with normal renal function at baseline. Time to cessation of bleeding and the proportion with normal hemostasis with procedures were similar regardless of renal function, but patients with severe renal impairment had higher 30- and 90-day mortality rates.Idarucizumab completely reverses dabigatran in >98% of patients regardless of renal function. Although re-elevation of dabigatran levels within 12 to 24 h is more common with renal impairment, the time to bleeding cessation and the extent of hemostasis during procedures are similar. (Reversal of Dabigatran Anticoagulant Effect With Idarucizumab; NCT02104947).
TCT-270 Incidence and Outcomes of Bailout Stenting Following Use of Sirolimus Drug-Coated Balloon
Authors: Sampath Athukorala, Ishaq Mohammed, Handi Salim, Richard Watkin, Gurbir Bhatia, Jerome Ment, Kaeng Lee, Michael Pitt, George Pulikal, Bethan Freestone, Sandeep Basavarajaiah
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Recent BCR stimulation induces a negative autoregulatory loop via FBXO10 mediated degradation of HGAL
Authors: Fengjie Guo, Yuan Luo, Xiaoyu Jiang, XiaoQing Lu, Domenico Roberti, Chen Lossos, Kranthi Kunkalla, Marco Magistri, Lixin Rui, Ramiro Verdun, Francisco Vega, Vincent T. Moy, Izidore S. Lossos
Journal: Leukemia (2019)
Aptamer C10.36 Reveals a Ribonucleoprotein Complex on the Surface of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Cells Providing Candidates for Multi-Target Therapeutics
Authors: Sonal S Tonapi, Janet Duncan, Pannu Vaishali, Matthew Rosenow, Melissa Richards, Teresa L Tinder, Heather A O'Neill, Mark R. Miglarese, David Spetzler, Michael Famulok, Günter Mayer
Journal: Blood (2017)
Abstract P328: Domain-Specific Physical Activity and Blood Pressure in 125,402 Adults: The Lifelines Cohort
Authors: Oyuntugs Byambasukh, Harold Snieder, Eva Corpeleijn
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Whether all domains of daily-life physical activity are associated with lower blood pressure (BP) and how this association depends on age and weight status remains unclear. Methods: In this population-based Lifelines cohort (N=125,402), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was assessed by the SQUASH, a validated questionnaire in different domains such as commuting (CPA), leisure-time (LTPA) and occupational PA (OPA). BP was assessed using the last three of ten measurements after 10 minutes rest in supine position. Hypertension was defined as systolic BP (SBP)&gt;=140 mmHg or/and diastolic BP (DBP)&gt;=90 mmHg or/and use of antihypertensive medication. The exclusion was previously diagnosed cardiovascular disease. Regression analysis was adjusted for age, gender, education, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. Results: CPA and LTPA were inversely associated with BP. Commuting-and-leisure-time MVPA was associated with BP in a dose-dependent manner. Beta-coefficients (95%CI) were -1.55 (-1.94;-1.16), -2.17 (-2.56;-1.78) and finally -2.75 (-3.13;-2.36) mmHg SBP for the low, middle and highest tertile of commuting-and-leisure-time MVPA compared to ‘No MVPA’ as the reference group, respectively. There was no significant association between OPA and the risk of hypertension. Further adjustment for BMI attenuated the associations by 30-50%, but more commuting-and-leisure-time MVPA remained significantly associated with lower BP and risk of hypertension. The association between commuting-and-leisure-time MVPA and SBP was age-dependent. Beta-coefficients (95%CI) for highest tertiles of commuting-and-leisure-time MVPA were -1.25 (-1.73;-0.78) and -3.76 (-5.24;2.28) in adults &lt;40 and &gt;60 years, respectively. Conclusion: Commuting-and-leisure-time MVPA was significantly associated with reduced BP and lower risk of having hypertension to a similar degree over most ages except for a stronger association between commuting-and-leisure-time MVPA and SBP with older ages.
Auscultation and Percussion.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Predicting the 1p/19q Codeletion Status of Presumed Low-Grade Glioma with an Externally Validated Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Sebastian R. van der Voort, Fatih Incekara, Maarten M.J. Wijnenga, Georgios Kapas, Mayke Gardeniers, Joost W. Schouten, Martijn P.A. Starmans, Rishie Nandoe Tewarie, Geert J. Lycklama, Pim J. French, Hendrikus J. Dubbink, Martin J. van den Bent, Arnaud J.P.E. Vincent, Wiro J. Niessen, Stefan Klein, Marion Smits
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Purpose: Patients with 1p/19q codeleted low-grade glioma (LGG) have longer overall survival and better treatment response than patients with 1p/19q intact tumors. Therefore, it is relevant to know the 1p/19q status. To investigate whether the 1p/19q status can be assessed prior to tumor resection, we developed a machine learning algorithm to predict the 1p/19q status of presumed LGG based on preoperative MRI. Experimental Design: Preoperative brain MR images from 284 patients who had undergone biopsy or resection of presumed LGG were used to train a support vector machine algorithm. The algorithm was trained on the basis of features extracted from post-contrast T1-weighted and T2-weighted MR images and on patients' age and sex. The performance of the algorithm compared with tissue diagnosis was assessed on an external validation dataset of MR images from 129 patients with LGG from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). Four clinical experts also predicted the 1p/19q status of the TCIA MR images. Results: The algorithm achieved an AUC of 0.72 in the external validation dataset. The algorithm had a higher predictive performance than the average of the neurosurgeons (AUC 0.52) but lower than that of the neuroradiologists (AUC of 0.81). There was a wide variability between clinical experts (AUC 0.45–0.83). Conclusions: Our results suggest that our algorithm can noninvasively predict the 1p/19q status of presumed LGG with a performance that on average outperformed the oncological neurosurgeons. Evaluation on an independent dataset indicates that our algorithm is robust and generalizable.
Excretable IR-820 for <i>in vivo</i> NIR-II fluorescence cerebrovascular imaging and photothermal therapy of subcutaneous tumor
Authors: Zhe Feng, Xiaoming Yu, Minxiao Jiang, Liang Zhu, Yi Zhang, Wei Yang, Wang Xi, Gonghui Li, Jun Qian
Journal: Theranostics (2019)

Rationale: Cerebrovascular diseases, together with malignancies, still pose a huge threat to human health nowadays.With the advantages of its high spatial resolution and large penetration depth, fluorescence bioimaging in the second near-infrared spectral region (NIR-II, 900-1700 nm) and its related imaging-guided therapy based on biocompatible fluorescence dyes have become a promising theranostics method.Methods: The biocompatibility of IR-820 we used in NIR-II fluorescence bioimaging was verified by long-term observation.The model of the mouse with a cranial window, the mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and a subcutaneous xenograft mouse model of bladder tumor were established.NIR-II fluorescence cerebrovascular functional imaging was carried out by IR-820 assisted NIR-II fluorescence microscopy.Bladder tumor was treated by NIR-II fluorescence imaging-guided photothermal therapy.Results: We have found that IR-820 has considerable NIR-II fluorescence intensity, and shows increased brightness in serum than in water.Herein, we achieved real time and in vivo cerebrovascular functional imaging of mice with high spatial resolution and large penetration depth, based on IR-820 assisted NIR-II fluorescence microscopy.In addition, IR-820 was successfully employed for NIR-II fluorescence imaging and photothermal therapy of tumor in vivo, and the subcutaneous tumors were inhibited obviously or eradicated completely.Conclusion: Due to the considerable fluorescence intensity in NIR-II spectral region and the good photothermal effect, biocompatible and excretable IR-820 holds great potentials for functional angiography and cancer theranostics in clinical practice.
Improving Care for Suicidal Patients While Protecting Human Subjects: Addressing Ethical Challenges in Mental Health Research Involving Emergency Medical Services Providers
Authors: Christopher R. DeCou, Seema K. Shah, Kathryn M. Porter
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2019)

This article refers to:A Pragmatic Trial of Suicide Risk Assessment and Ambulance Transport Decision Making Among Emergency Medical Services Providers: Implications for Patient Consent
Echocardiographic Outcomes After Transcatheter Leaflet Approximation in Patients With Secondary Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Federico M. Asch, Paul A. Grayburn, Robert J. Siegel, Saibal Kar, D. Scott Lim, Jonathan G. Zaroff, Jacob M. Mishell, Brian Whisenant, Michael J. Mack, JoAnn Lindenfeld, William T. Abraham, Gregg W. Stone, Neil J. Weissman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)

In the COAPT (Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for Heart Failure Patients with Functional Mitral Regurgitation) trial among patients with heart failure (HF) and moderate-to-severe (3+) or severe (4+) secondary mitral regurgitation, patients treated with transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr) through leaflet approximation had reduced rates of HF hospitalization and mortality compared with guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) alone.The purpose of this study was to describe the echocardiographic patient qualification process for the COAPT trial, baseline echocardiographic characteristics, changes over time, and the interaction between treatment group and echocardiographic parameters on clinical outcomes.A novel echocardiographic algorithm was implemented for grading mitral regurgitation severity during the screening process. Standardized echocardiograms were obtained at baseline and during regular follow-up intervals through 2 years, and were analyzed by a core laboratory.A total of 614 patients were randomized to TMVr plus maximally tolerated GDMT or GDMT alone. Mean baseline left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction was 31.3 ± 9.3%, LV end-diastolic volume was 192.7 ± 71 ml, and effective regurgitant orifice area was 0.41 ± 0.15 cm2. The beneficial effect of TMVr compared with GDMT alone was consistent in all echocardiographic subgroups, independent of the severity of LV dysfunction, LV dilatation, pulmonary hypertension, severity of tricuspid regurgitation, or individual mitral regurgitation characteristics. The LV ejection fraction decreased and the LV volumes progressively increased in both groups during follow-up, although less after TMVr (p < 0.05).HF patients in the COAPT trial with 3+ or 4+ secondary mitral regurgitation, selected using strict echocardiographic criteria, benefitted from TMVr with reduced 2-year rates of death and HF hospitalization. Strict application of these echocardiographic criteria should enable the COAPT results to be translated to clinical practice. (Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for Heart Failure Patients With Functional Mitral Regurgitation [The COAPT Trial] [COAPT]; NCT01626079).
Longitudinal Photoacoustic Imaging of the Pharmacodynamic Effect of Vascular Targeted Therapy on Tumors
Authors: S. Peter Johnson, Olumide Ogunlade, Mark F. Lythgoe, Paul Beard, R. Barbara Pedley
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a novel noninvasive and nonionizing imaging technique that allows longitudinal imaging of tumor vasculature
Challenging a paradigm: skin sensitivity to sodium lauryl sulfate is independent of atopic diathesis
Authors: A.B. Heetfeld, T. Schill, S.S. Schröder, S. Forkel, V. Mahler, W. Pfützner, M.P. Schön, J. Geier, T. Buhl
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is the best‐studied detergent in irritant contact dermatitis. In atopic dermatitis, the two major pathophysiological abnormalities concern skin barrier function and regulation of cutaneous immune responses. The probability of atopic skin diathesis can be assessed by comprehensive analysis of patient history, as well as clinical and laboratory findings, resulting in the Erlangen Atopy Score (EAS). To investigate the impacts of (i) atopic skin diathesis according to the EAS and (ii) the physician‐assessed diagnoses 'atopic dermatitis', 'allergic rhinitis' and 'allergic asthma' on SLS skin reactions. This is a retrospective analysis of data from 2030 consecutive patients patch tested with SLS (0·25% aqueous) from two tertiary referral centres in Germany, from 2008 to 2014. Patients with a high probability of atopic skin diathesis showed no significant increase in positive SLS reactions compared with patients without atopic skin diathesis (14·2% vs. 16·8%). The grading of positive SLS skin reactions (1–4) revealed no differences in patients with or without atopic skin diathesis. Furthermore, diagnoses of atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis or allergic asthma had no impact on positive SLS skin reactions in multivariate logistic regression analysis. We found no association of increased skin irritability to SLS with atopic skin diathesis, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis or allergic asthma in a large patient cohort. It therefore seems that the test of skin irritability with SLS, which is currently common practice in many centres, does not allow prediction of susceptibility to irritant eczematous inflammation in atopic vs. nonatopic individuals. What's already known about this topic? Irritant contact dermatitis and atopic skin diathesis share impaired skin barrier function as a pathophysiological pattern. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is tested at 0·25% aqueous as an irritant control in patch testing, and hence the results might be affected by atopic skin diathesis. What does this study add? Challenging a long‐standing paradigm, we found no association of increased reactivity to SLS patch tests in individuals with atopic skin diathesis, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis or allergic asthma in a large patient cohort. Thus, irritant control testing with SLS, which is useful in interpreting doubtful allergen patch test results, does not depend on individual atopy status. Linked Comment:Agner and Elsner. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:13.