tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16677: A Novel Angiography Technique Reduces CIN Development Through the Delivery of Ultra-Low Contrast Volumes
Authors: Shawn Kelly, Tomasz Stys, Paul Thompson, Adam Stys
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is an iatrogenic complication related to iodinated contrast exposure. The incidence of CIN is highest (15%) in patients with concomitant renal disease...
A piece of my mind. A mutual investment company
Authors: C. Morai-Young
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Kenneth Peter Goldman
Authors: Eric D Silove
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Kenneth Peter Goldman (“Ken”) was born and raised in London and was the first member of his family to become a doctor. He attended St Paul’s School and then spent two years doing national service in the Royal Air Force. He then went to Cambridge University, Peterhouse College, and completed his clinical medical training at St Mary’s Hospital.

Ken’s first registrar job was at Paddington Green, then he had a fruitful experience at Sully Hospital in south Wales between 1960 and 1963, which at the time was the Welsh Regional Centre for Thoracic and Cardiac Surgery. It was here where I, then senior house officer, first met him. …
A blueprint for translational regenerative medicine
Authors: James P. K. Armstrong, Timothy J. Keane, Anne C. Roques, P. Stephen Patrick, Claire M. Mooney, Wei-Li Kuan, Venkat Pisupati, Richard O. C. Oreffo, Daniel J. Stuckey, Fiona M. Watt, Stuart J. Forbes, Roger A. Barker, Molly M. Stevens
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2020)

This Review outlines a practical blueprint for academics seeking to develop translational regenerative therapies.
The Role of Percentage of Prostate-specific Antigen Reduction After Focal Therapy Using High-intensity Focused Ultrasound for Primary Localised Prostate Cancer. Results from a Large Multi-institutional Series
Authors: Armando Stabile, Clement Orczyk, Francesco Giganti, Marco Moschini, Clare Allen, Shonit Punwani, Nathalie Cathala, Hashim U. Ahmed, Xavier Cathelineau, Francesco Montorsi, Mark Emberton, Alberto Briganti, Rafael Sanchez-Salas, Caroline M. Moore
Journal: European Urology (2020)
APPEAL‐1: A pan‐European survey of patient/caregiver perceptions of peanut allergy management
Authors: Katharina Blumchen, Audrey DunnGalvin, Frans Timmermans, Lynne Regent, Sabine Schnadt, Marcia Podestà, Angel Sánchez, Pascale Couratier, Mary Feeney, Betina Hjorth, Ram Patel, Tessa Lush, Robert Ryan, Andrea Vereda, Helen R. Fisher, Montserrat Fernández‐Rivas
Journal: Allergy (2020)

Peanut allergy (PA) is associated with marked quality-of-life (QoL) impairment. However, data are lacking on the experience and impact of living with PA from the perspectives of persons with PA (PwPA) and their caregivers. Allergy to Peanuts imPacting Emotions And Life study 1 (APPEAL-1) was a pan-European survey investigating these perspectives. This first of two articles reports clinical characteristics of PwPA and PA management practices.APPEAL-1 was a quantitative, online survey conducted in eight European countries, developed by eight representatives of patient advocacy groups and five healthcare professionals and researchers. Eligible participants included adults with PA and parents/caregivers of PwPA who responded by self-report and provided proxy-report for the PwPA under their care. Data were summarized using nonweighted descriptive statistics.Of 1846 completed/analysed questionnaires, 528 were from adults with PA (self-report); 437 by proxy for children with PA (34 aged 0-3 years, 287 aged 4-12 years, 116 aged 13-17 years) and 881 from parents/caregivers (self-report). Of PwPA (N = 965), 95% reported diagnosis by healthcare professionals, mostly by clinical history and peanut-specific allergy testing. Rates of allergic rhinitis, asthma and other food allergies in PwPA were 50%, 42% and 79%, respectively. Only 31% of PwPA received HCP advice/support following their worst allergic reaction, and 28% had not been prescribed an adrenaline auto-injector. Results were similar by country but varied by age group.The APPEAL-1 findings contribute to greater understanding of PA impact on PwPA, caregivers and family members and the need for improved PA management across Europe.
MUC1 mucin undergoes alternative splicing in normal (activated T cells) and tumor (MCF7) cells resulting in different isoforms
Authors: Lixin Zhang, Olivera Finn
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

5349  MUC1 (CD227) is a multi-functional transmembrane glycoprotein with variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTRs) that plays an important role in regulation of immune response, signal transduction, cell adhesion, and even oncogenesis. The aberrant expression in many tumors makes it an ideal target for cancer therapy. Most of the work in that respect has been directed towards the full-length molecule. However, by alternative splicing, MUC1 gene can generate different isoforms, three of which, MUC1/X, MUC1/Y and MUC1/Z, have been described and are characterized by the lack of the tandem repeat region prominent in the full-length molecule. In order to elucidate the full extent of MUC1 alternative splicing as well as possible biological roles in normal and cancer cell function and antigenicity, we used a RT-PCR-based method to isolate MUC1 isoforms from MCF7 breast cancer cell line (M-isoforms) and from activated T cells (T-isoforms). In total, 27 M-isoforms and 16 T-isoforms were isolated and characterized. The splicing patterns include one-, double-, triple- or tetra-exon skipping, alternative 5’splice sites, alternative 3’splice sites, partial intron retention and a combination of these patterns. MUC1/Y and MUC1/Z isoforms were found in both cell types. However, the rest of the isoforms differed between MCF7 cell and T cells. Among the 27 M-isoforms, 25 have not been reported previously, and only 4 of them showed premature termination codon (PTC) suggesting lack of the protein products. In contrast, half of the T cell isoforms have PTCs and in the rest, the frequencies of skipping of exons 3, 4, 5 are less than found in M-isoforms. Of the 7 exons comprising the MUC1 gene, only exons 1 and 7 do not undergo alternatively splicing. The results indicate that alternative splicing of MUC1 happens in both normal and tumor cells but the resulting isoforms are different. MCF7 cells and activated T cells share only the isoforms MUC1/Y and MUC1/Z, while the others appear cell type-specific with different splicing patterns. We suspect that this difference is in part due to abnormal splicing in tumor cells. This may generate tumor-specific MUC1 isoforms that will serve as tumor specific targets for therapy.
Single-Cell Analysis Reveals Fibroblast Clusters Linked to Immunotherapy Resistance in Cancer
Authors: Yann Kieffer, Hocine R. Hocine, Géraldine Gentric, Floriane Pelon, Charles Bernard, Brigitte Bourachot, Sonia Lameiras, Luca Albergante, Claire Bonneau, Alice Guyard, Karin Tarte, Andrei Zinovyev, Sylvain Baulande, Gerard Zalcman, Anne Vincent-Salomon, Fatima Mechta-Grigoriou
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2020)

A subset of cancer-associated fibroblasts (FAP+/CAF-S1) mediates immunosuppression in breast cancers, but its heterogeneity and its impact on immunotherapy response remain unknown. Here, we identify 8 CAF-S1 clusters by analyzing more than 19,000 single CAF-S1 fibroblasts from breast cancer. We validate the five most abundant clusters by flow cytometry and in silico analyses in other cancer types, highlighting their relevance. Myofibroblasts from clusters 0 and 3, characterized by extracellular matrix proteins and TGFβ signaling, respectively, are indicative of primary resistance to immunotherapies. Cluster 0/ecm-myCAF upregulates PD-1 and CTLA4 protein levels in regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs), which, in turn, increases CAF-S1 cluster 3/TGFβ-myCAF cellular content. Thus, our study highlights a positive feedback loop between specific CAF-S1 clusters and Tregs and uncovers their role in immunotherapy resistance. SIGNIFICANCE: Our work provides a significant advance in characterizing and understanding FAP+ CAF in cancer. We reached a high resolution at single-cell level, which enabled us to identify specific clusters associated with immunosuppression and immunotherapy resistance. Identification of cluster-specific signatures paves the way for therapeutic options in combination with immunotherapies.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1241.
The Teaching Hospital and Primary Care
Authors: Arthur A. Berarducci, Thomas L. Delbanco, Mitchell T. Rabkin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Hospitals have become major providers of primary medical care by default rather than design because of the decreasing availability of primary physicians in community practice. In 1972, Beth Israel Hospital in Boston closed its traditional general clincs and estblished a primary-care group practice--Beth Israel Ambulatory Care. The practice is staffed by teams of full-time salaried physicians, other health professionals and paraprofessionals, house staff and medical students. More than 25 per cent of patient visits are managed by nonphysicians. Subspecialty clinics have been relieved of primary-care case loads and limited to referral and consultative functions. In 1973-74, the cost per visit was $20.32. Patient-visit volume in primary care has increased from a figure of 29,144 in 1971-72 to 41,650 in 1973-74. Broken appointments have declined by one third.
Haemoglobin A1c concentrations in men and women with diabetes
Authors: M H Stickland, J. K Wales
Journal: BMJ (1984)

naire was used.We checked the validity of this shortened scale by applying it together with the Jenkins activity survey type A scale in another sample of 99 men in the same area.The Spearman correlation coefficient between the two scores within the same men was r=0-43, which is closely similar to correlations' using the full Framingham and Jenkins activity survey scales.Secondly, angina was diagnosed only by questionnaire.While any questionnaire may produce some false positive diagnoses, the one used in this study does predict mortality from ischaemic heart disease.3Thirdly, unemployed men were excluded.Certainly employed and unemployed groups cannot be assumed to be comparable, but how this problem has been treated previously is not clear.As most type A instruments refer frequently to work, and the behaviour pattern is believed to occur mostly at work, the validity of type A measurements in the unemployed must be questioned.A further limitation, which arises in all cross sectional studies of ischaemic heart disease, is that subjects with evidence of disease represent survivors.This raises the problem of interpreting the observed relation of type A solely with angina.Although the number of infarcts recorded was small (n = 10), the number of subjects with electrocardiographic evidence of ischaemia was considerable (n = 65), and neither showed a relation with type A behaviour.Although studies in the United States' have disclosed an association with electrocardio- graphic evidence of ischaemia as well as infarction and angina, our findings are consistent with those of other European studies.45It may be that the experience of angina increases awareness of ischaemic heart disease and inflates the type A score.Clearly this issue can be settled only by prospective data.
Landmark perspective: Renin in aldosteronism. Relating kidney and adrenal
Authors: H. P. Dustan
Journal: JAMA (1985)

A REREADING of the LANDMARK ARTICLE by Conn et al<sup>1</sup>reprinted in the current issue of<i>JAMA</i>watered my nostalgia plant because it reminded me of the intense interest in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system that characterized that time. Knowing what we know now, we find it hard to realize that 20 years ago the clinical relationships of the kidney and the adrenal gland were far from clear. By that time the differentiation of primary and secondary aldosteronism had been established, but a way to discriminate between them was not available. Conn and colleagues showed the way with their demonstration that plasma renin activity was suppressed in patients with primary aldosteronism (which came to be known as "Conn's syndrome") in contrast to the secondary aldosteronism of renal artery stenosis in which it was elevated. This demonstration was a fine example of "technology transfer," although not recognized as such at the time.
Calcinosis Cutis in the Setting of Chronic Skin Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Authors: Karl M. Saardi, Rachel K. Rosenstein, Milan J. Anadkat, Robert G. Micheletti, Adam I. Schiffenbauer, Steven Z. Pavletic, Edward W. Cowen
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

This case series describes the clinical features of 7 patients with calcinosis cutis associated with skin graft-versus-host disease.
Thromboangiitis Obliterans and Arteriosclerosis Obliterans
Authors: James R. Mcpherson, John L. Juergens, Ray W. Gifford
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Excerpt Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) has been defined as a segmental, inflammatory, occlusive disease which primarily affects small or medium-sized arteries and veins in the extre...
Author Correction: A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence
Authors: Vineet D. Menachery, Boyd L. Yount, Kari Debbink, Sudhakar Agnihothram, Lisa E. Gralinski, Jessica A. Plante, Rachel L. Graham, Trevor Scobey, Xing-Yi Ge, Eric F. Donaldson, Scott H. Randell, Antonio Lanzavecchia, Wayne A. Marasco, Zhengli-Li Shi, Ralph S. Baric
Journal: Nature Medicine (2020)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Mesenchymal stem cells injected into carotid artery to target focal brain injury home to perivascular space
Authors: Anna Andrzejewska, Sylwia Dabrowska, Blazej Nowak, Piotr Walczak, Barbara Lukomska, Miroslaw Janowski
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Rationale:The groundbreaking discovery of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with their multifaceted benefits led to their widespread application in experimental medicine, including neurology.Efficient delivery of MSCs to damaged regions of the central nervous system may be a critical factor in determining outcome.Integrin VLA-4 (α4β1) coded by ITGA4 and ITGB1 genes is an adhesion molecule expressed by leukocytes, which is responsible for initiation of their diapedesis through cell docking to the inflamed vessel wall expressing VCAM1 receptor.This function of VLA-4 has been recapitulated in neural stem cells and glial progenitors.Thus, it was prudent to investigate this tool as a vehicle driving extravasation of MSCs.Since MSCs naturally express ITGB1 subunit, we decided to supplement them with ITGA4 only.The purpose of our current study is to investigate the eventual fate of IA delivered ITGA4 engineered and naive MSCs.Methods: mRNA-ITGA4 transfected and naive MSCs were injected to right internal carotid artery of rats with focal brain injury.Through next three days MSC presence in animals' brain was navigated by magnetic resonance imaging.Transplanted cell location relative to the brain blood vessels and host immunological reaction were analyzed post-mortem by immunohistochemistry.The chemotaxis of modified and naive MSCs was additionally examined in in vitro transwell migration assay.Results: Both naïve and ITGA4-overexpressing cells remained inside the vascular lumen over the first two days after IA infusion.On the third day, 39% of mRNA-ITGA4 modified and 51% naïve MSCs homed to perivascular space in the injury region (p=NS).The gradual decrease of both naive and mRNA-ITGA4 transfected hBM-MSCs in the rat brain was observed.mRNA-ITGA4 transfected MSCs appeared to be more vulnerable to phagocytosis than naïve cells.Moreover, in vitro study revealed that homogenate from the injured brain repels migration of MSCs, corroborating the incomplete extravasation observed in vivo.Conclusions: In summary, IA transplanted MSCs are capable of homing to the perivascular space, an integral part of neurovascular unit, which might contribute to the replacement of injured pericytes, a critical element facilitating restoration of CNS function.The mRNA-ITGA4 transfection improves cell docking to vessel but this net benefit vanishes over the next two days due to fast clearance from cerebral vessels of the majority of transplanted cells, regardless of their engineering status.The drawbacks of mRNA-ITGA4 transfection become apparent on day 3 post transplantation due to the lower survival and higher vulnerability to host immune attack.
Abstract 14548: Macrophage Inflammatory Protein (mip)-1γ Revealed as Novel Plasma Bioindicator of Post-myocardial Infarction Left Ventricular Dilation
Authors: Osasere K Ero, Kristine Y DeLeon-Pennell, Michael D Winniford, Michael E Hall, Merry L Lindsey
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Over one million cases of myocardial infarction (MI) are diagnosed annually in the United States. Establishing plasma indicators that reflect the extent of dilation of the left ventricl...
ACC/AHA guidelines for cardiac catheterization and cardiac catheterization laboratories
Authors: Carl J. Pepine, Francis J. Klocke, Hugh D. Allen, William W. Parmley, Thomas M. Bashore, Thomas A. Ports, Jeffrey A. Brinker, Elliot Rapaport, Lawrence H. Cohn, John Ross, James C. Dillon, Barry D. Rutherford, L.David Hillis, Thomas J. Ryan, Patrick J. Scanlon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Pulmonary Calcification in Chronic Dialysis Patients
Authors: J. D. Conger, W. S. Hammond, A. C. Alfrey, S. R. Contiguglia, R. E. Stanford, W. E. Huffer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Abstract A prospective study of 31 chronically hemodialyzed patients was made to investigate the incidence and pathology of pulmonary calcification and the relation of the latter to ventilatory fun...
140O Veliparib plus carboplatin-paclitaxel in patients with HER2-negative advanced/metastatic gBRCA-associated breast cancer: Results in hormone receptor-positive and triple-negative breast cancer subgroups from the phase III BROCADE3 trial
Authors: J-P. Ayoub, M.L. Friedlander, V.C. Dieras, H. Wildiers, B. Arun, H.S. Han, S. Puhalla, Y. Shparyk, E.H. Jakobsen, M.G. Kundu, M. Wu, C. Ratajczak, D. Maag, B. Kaufman
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Sequential Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: Melvin R. Moore, Joan M. Bull, Stephen E. Jones, Saul A. Rosenberg, Henry S. Kaplan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Abstract One hundred and two patients with previously untreated Hodgkin's disease, stages IB through IIIB, were randomized within their pathological stage to receive total-lymphoid radiation, eithe...
Response to Comment on Koromani et al. Vertebral Fractures in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: More Than Skeletal Complications Alone. Diabetes Care 2020;43:137–144
Authors: Fjorda Koromani, Fernando Rivadeneira
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

We read the comment by Dr. Mormile (1) and thank her for sharing her insight about a potential role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in glucose and skeletal metabolism. Our study did not look into the underlying mechanisms, which are a subject of warranted future research. miR-146a deregulation, besides being linked to bone (2) and potentially to diabetes (3 …
Solitary pulmonary nodule (smaller than 4 cm in diameter)
Authors: M. M. Reeder
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>Common</h3> Bronchial adenoma Bronchogenic carcinoma; bronchiolo-alveolar cell carcinoma [Chest-wall lesion (skin tumor, nipple shadow, rib lesion); artifact] Granuloma (eg, tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, torulosis, idiopathic, talc) Hamartoma Metastasis (eg, from sarcoma; carcinoma of colon, ovary or testis; Wilms tumor) <h3>Uncommon</h3> Abscess Amyloid tumor Arteriovenous malformation Bulla, infected Cyst, fluid-filled (bronchogenic, bronchiectatic, hydatid) [Encapsulated fluid in pleural fissure; fibrin ball] Extramedullary hematopoiesis Fungus ball Gumma Hematoma Inflammatory pseudotumor; organized pneumonia Lipoid granuloma (paraffinoma) Lymph node, intrapulmonary Lymphoma [Mediastinal mass] [Mesothelioma of pleura] Mucoid impaction (eg, Aspergillus sensitivity) Neoplasm, benign (chemodectoma, chondroma, endometrioma, fibroma, granular cell myoblastoma, hemangioma, hemangiopericytoma, leiomyoma, lipoma, neurofibroma) Parasite granuloma (eg, heart worm, Ascaris) Plasmacytoma Pneumoconiosis (conglomerate mass) Pulmonary infarct Pulmonary sequestration Pulmonary varix; anomalous pulmonary
Cyclophosphamide Followed By Intravenous Busulfan (Cy-Bu) As Myeloablative Conditioning: Impact on Venoocclusive Disease and Transplant Outcomes, Real World Experience
Authors: Rajiv Kumar, Rajan Kapoor, Satya Ranjan Das, Uday Yanamandra, Suman Pramanik, Sanjeevan Sharma, Singh Jasjit, Tarun Verma, Ajay Sharma, Velu Nair
Journal: Blood (2017)
Proinflammatory macrophage-derived microvesicles exhibit tumor tropism dependent on CCL2/CCR2 signaling axis and promote drug delivery <i>via</i> SNARE-mediated membrane fusion
Authors: Ling Guo, Ye Zhang, Runxiu Wei, Xiaochen Zhang, Cuifeng Wang, Min Feng
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Background: Exosome (Exo)-based chemotherapeutic drug delivery systems have been extensively investigated; however, the therapeutic potential of other subtypes of extracellular vesicles (EVs), in particular microvesicles (MiV), seem to be overlooked. Moreover, despite a general agreement on organ tropism of EVs, few studies have clearly demonstrated that EVs specifically target tumor tissue. Methods: Proinflammatory macrophage-derived EV subpopulations comprising apoptotic bodies (ApB), MiV and Exo were isolated under differential ultracentrifugation, and further analyzed using comparative proteomic and lipid approach. Results: On the basis of EV biogenesis pathways, our data demonstrated that MiV acquire the tumor-targeting capacity probably through inheritance of CCR2-enriched cell membrane which also drives the recruitment of donor cells to tumor sites. Further, our data validate MiV utilize SNARE-mediated membrane fusion to directly discharge doxorubicin to nucleus and bypass endocytic degradation. Conclusions: Compared with other EV subtypes, MiV loaded with doxorubicin gain significant benefits in chemotherapeutic outcomes including survival rate improvements in metastatic ovarian cancer. Therefore, MiV represent a potent alterative to Exo and synthetic liposomes (Lipo) for tumor-targeting drug delivery.