tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇在冠心病防治中的重要性
Authors: 赵水平
Journal: BMJ (2005)

冠心病是多种危险因素所致的慢性疾病,大量的研究结果已充分表明,吸烟、血脂异常、高血压和糖尿病是冠心病致病性的危险因素.血浆胆固醇尤其是低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)升高是冠心病发生、发展的必备条件.从20世纪60年代开始,人类已进行许多有关降低LDL-C防治冠心病的临床试验,其结果都一致表明,无论采取任何药物或措施,只要能使血浆胆固醇或LDL-C水平下降,就可明显减少冠心病发生率和死亡率.通过40余年努力, 众多的大规模临床试验证实,降LDL-C治疗是防治冠心病的最有效措施之一。
The effect of regional anesthesia on cancer related outcomes after oncological surgeries: A systematic review.
Authors: Jun Lin, Zhaosheng Jin, Ru Li
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e19099 Background: Surgical resection remains one of the main curative treatment options for most solid-organ malignancies, and oncological surgery caseload has been steadily increasing over the years (1). It has been hypothesized that regional anesthesia may improve cancer related outcome. Both retrospective and prospective studies have been conducted on various cancer types, using different regional anesthesia techniques; and most meta-analyses did not specify the cancer type or regional anesthesia technique as part of their primary outcome (2, 3). In this systematic review, we will review the evidence base of regional anesthesia techniques for each cancer sites. Methods: We systematically reviewed literature from PubMed for studies related to oncological surgery with regional anesthesia, and cancer related outcomes. Main outcomes of interest are recurrence rate or recurrence free survival. The strength of the evidence is reported descriptively. Results: Regional anesthesia techniques most studied in relation to oncological surgery and cancer outcomes are neuraxial (spinal and epidural) anesthesia, and paravertebral block. Neuraxial anesthesia have been shown to improve outcomes in both prostate and ovarian cancer surgeries. On the other hand, current evidence suggest that paravertebral block does not improve breast cancer outcomes, and neuraxial anesthesia does not improve colorectal cancer outcomes. Evidence regarding the use of neuraxial anesthesia in bladder cancer is conflicting. There are also limited evidence suggesting that regional anesthesia may not improve outcomes in lung and upper GI cancers. Conclusions: The protective benefit of regional anesthesia appears to be limited to certain cancer types. More studies are needed in order to determine the effect of regional anesthesia techniques on each cancer types and underlying mechanisms. 1 Vesey SG, McCabe JE, Hounsome L, Fowler S. UK radical prostatectomy outcomes and surgeon case volume: based on an analysis of the British Association of Urological Surgeons Complex Operations Database. BJU Int 2012; 109: 346-54. 2 Sun Y, Li T, Gan TJ. The Effects of Perioperative Regional Anesthesia and Analgesia on Cancer Recurrence and Survival After Oncology Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2015; 40: 589-98. 3 Chen WK, Miao CH. The effect of anesthetic technique on survival in human cancers: a meta-analysis of retrospective and prospective studies. PLoS One 2013; 8: e56540.
The role of programmed death-ligand 1 and non-epithelial circulating tumor cells in locally advanced prostate cancer.
Authors: Ke Li, Yunhua Mao, Yiyuan Li, Ruji Wu, Dejuan Wang, Jianguang Qiu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e17557 Background: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is considered as an effective prognostic biomarker in malignancies. It is recently recognized that detections of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and mesenchymal markers in CTCs may improve the predictive value. Therefore, we aimed to determine the cut-off values of these CTCs biomarkers in prostate cancer (PCa), assess the rates of PD-L1 positive and non-epithelial (NE) subgroup in CTCs among patients with high-risk (HRPC) and locally advanced PCa (LAPC) before surgery, and evaluate the clinical values of these markers. Methods: Four PCa cell lines selected from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia were applied in spiking experiments to establish the cut-offs of PD-L1 positive and NE CTCs. 182 HRPC and 89 LAPC patients were enrolled from June 2016 to December 2018. All patients underwent radical prostatectomy after blood sample collection. CTCs enumeration and biomarkers identification were conducted by Canpatrol CTC enrichment system and the RNA in situ hybridization technique. Lastly, using the cut-offs,we evaluated the association between CTCs markers and other variables in terms of clinical data, disease outcome, tumor tissues immunochemistry (IHC) staining, and the response of immunotherapy. Results: The cut-offs were determined as the lowest rates of NE and PD-L1 + CTCs among the cell lines, 45% and 25%, respectively. In HRPC patients, a higher PSA level and more advanced T stage were observed in the NE CTCs positive group (≥45%), compared with the negative group ( P= 0.041 and P= 0.004). Multivariate analysis showed that the NE CTCs rate, instead of total CTCs number, was an independent risk predictor for progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 3.85, P= 0.013). In LAPC patients, the PD-L1 + CTCs positive group (≥25%) presented a higher PSA level and higher percentage of lymph node metastasis than negative group ( P= 0.027 and P= 0.028). The median PFSs between the two groups were 16.6 mouths vs. 21.8 mouths, respectively. (HR = 2.87, P= 0.002 ). No significant correlation was found between PD-L1 expression in CTCs and in tumor tissue IHC staining. However, we observed a significant correlation between PD-L1 + CTCs rate and ERG or PTEN expression in tissues ( P= 0.010 and P= 0.009). In addition, patients in PD-L1 + CTCs positive group presented a better PSA response to Durvalumab treatment than those in negative group. Conclusions: PD-L1 + and NE CTCs were an effective prognosis predictors for HRPC and LAPC patients with radical prostatectomy. LAPC patients with PD-L1 + CTCs might benefit from adjuvant immunotherapy
Correlation of nivolumab 480 mg Q4W with better survival than other nivolumab monotherapy schedule in metastatic melanoma patients.
Authors: Ester Simeone, Domenico Mallardo, Diana Giannarelli, Lucia Festino, Vito Vanella, Claudia Trojaniello, Maria Grazia Vitale, Marco Palla, Luigi Scarpato, Mariaelena Capone, Gabriele Madonna, Marcello Curvietto, Assunta Esposito, Federica Hauber, Fabio Sandomenico, Ernesta Cavalcanti, Corrado Caraco, Paolo Mainardi, Antonio Maria Grimaldi, Paolo Antonio Ascierto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e22008 Background: Nivolumab (nivo) 480 mg (Q4W) flat dose has already been assessed for safety compared to other drug dose regimens in clinical trials [1]. However, few data about melanoma patients treated in real life are available. The aim of our study was to evaluate safety and efficacy in metastatic melanoma pts treated with different schedules of nivo in clinical practice. Methods: We analyzed data from n.124 metastatic melanoma patients who were treated from Jun 2016 to Oct 2019 at NCI of Naples. 83/ 124 (67%) were treated with nivo 480 mg Q4W, and 41/124 (33%) with other schedules (n.26 [63%] with 3 mg/kg, and 15 [37%] with 240 mg Q2W). All patients were stage IV, and n.44/124 (35%) were B-RAF mutated. Nivo was administered as first line in n.95 patients (77%), n. 24 [19%] as second line, and 5 (4%) as third line. Among B-RAF mutated patients, n.23/44 [52%] received a first line with a target-based regimen. According to our previous work [2] we calculated Body Mass Index (BMI). In 93/124 pts the BMI was &lt; 25 (75%), while in 31/124 (25%) BMI was ≥ 25. In the table are summarized other clinical characteristics. Hazard Ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated with the Cox model. Association between factors was evaluated with the chi-square test. Results: Our data suggests that nivo 480 mg (Q4W) correlates with a better OS compared with other regimens (HR = 0.48; [95% CI: 0.24-0.96; p = 0.04]). Moreover, better OS trend was also observed in pts with BMI &gt; 25 (HR = 0.48; [95% CI: 0.33-1.74]; p = 0.51) and with B-RAF mutation (HR = 0.53; [95% CI: 0.25-1.14); P = 0.10]). The incidence of any grade toxicities did not differ according the dosage. Conclusions: This retrospective analysis showed a trend of better outcome with nivo 480. This observation warrants further investigation in a larger cohort of pts. [Table: see text]
Hypertension intervention program organized by tertiary hospitals with community health centers
Authors: Jing Zhou, Jun-feng Zhang, Ying-hao Shen
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Five hundred and nineteen patients with essential hypertension from 6 community health centers in Baoshan Distract of Shanghai were enrolled in the program,all patients received direct or indirect comprehensive interventions.These interventions were conducted by doctors from tertiary hospitals and community health serwice centers.Among these hyperpietic,462 patients were followed-up for 1 year.After interventions,the awareness rate of hypertension was significantly increased,unhealthy life styles were changed; blood pressure control rate and risk factors control rate were also increased; carotid-femoral artery pulse wave velocity and carotid-radial artery pulse wave velocity were decreased (P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05).The results indicate that comprehensive interventions organized by tertiary hospitals with community health centers are effectivc in managcmcnt of hypcrtension.

Key words: 
Hypertension; Disease management
Patient characteristics and outcomes of colorectal cancer (CRC) at Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence (BCCOE): Results from a retrospective cohort.
Authors: Temidayo Fadelu, Fidel Sebahungu, Kevin Diasti, Cam Nguyen, Tiffany Yeh, Cyprien Shyirambere, Eugene Nkusi, Nicaise Nsabimana, Deogratias Ruhangaza, Rebecca Jane DeBoer, Mary D. Chamberlin, Tharcisse Mpunga, Lawrence N. Shulman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e16081 Background: There are few studies on CRC in sub-Saharan Africa. BCCOE in Rwanda provides patients with CRC access to chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy referrals. Here, we describe patient characteristics, treatments delivered and outcomes. Methods: This retrospective observational study included 136 patients with CRC who presented between July 2012 and June 2018. We abstracted patient characteristics, diagnostic and treatment data, and outcomes from electronic and paper records. We compared baseline and treatment characteristics for colon cancer (CC) versus (vs.) rectal cancer (RC) patients. For patients treated with curative intent, we plotted Kaplan Meier estimation of disease free survival (DFS), defined as time from presentation to cancer recurrence, progression or death. Log-rank test was used to examine subgroup differences. Results: The mean age was 52.5, and 71 (52.2%) were female. 101 (74.2%) patients had RC. Compared to CC, patients with RC were older 54.5 vs. 46.9 (p = 0.0084), and more likely female 59.4 vs. 31.4 (p = 0.0043). All provinces in Rwanda were represented including 14 (10.3%) from outside Rwanda; 79 (58.1%) patients lived in rural areas. Median duration of symptoms prior to presentation was 12 months, and 57 (41.9%) had used traditional medicine prior to presentation. 72 (52.9%) patients were non-metastatic, 46 (33.8%) de novo metastatic, 4 (2.9%) recurrent, and 14 (10.2%) had indeterminate stage. Of the patients treated with curative intent, 54 (65.1%) had neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant chemotherapy, while only 34 (41.0%) had curative surgery. 40 (48.2%) patients received a permanent colostomy. 18 (27.7%) patients with RC received concurrent chemoradiation. Over the follow up period, 49 (36%) patients died or were referred for end of life care, 13 (9.3%) remain in surveillance, while 65 (47.8%) were lost to follow up. Median DFS for patients with non-metastatic disease was 22.2 months. On exploratory analyses, there were no statistically significant differences in DFS by cancer type, gender, or performance status, though these analyses were underpowered and follow-up short. Conclusions: CRC treatment requires multidisciplinary care, which is a challenge in low-resource settings. Our results highlight gaps in CRC care delivery and suboptimal patient outcomes; most striking gaps were the low rates of surgery and radiation, and high loss to follow up rates. Rigorous research is needed to understand the underlying causes, and to develop interventions to address these gaps.
胺碘酮相关的甲状腺功能异常
Authors: 关璐
Journal: BMJ (2011)

胺碘酮是Ⅲ类抗心律失常药物,对于多种室上性和室性心律失常有较好疗效,被广泛应用于临床.胺碘酮具有高度亲脂性,分布于肝脏、肺、心肌、骨骼肌、甲状腺和脂肪组织.胺碘酮主要通过肝脏的细胞色素P450系统代谢,代谢产物通过大便排泄,仅有＜1％以原型从尿中排出.胺碘酮在肝脏的主要代谢产物是去乙胺碘酮.去乙胺碘酮的亲脂性弱,在脂肪组织沉积较少,但是在心肌组织的浓度却达到胺碘酮的10 ～50倍。
Severe Refractory Checkpoint Inhibitor‐Related Hepatitis Reversed With Anti‐Thymocyte Globulin and n‐Acetylcysteine
Authors: Douglas Motomura, Tara Baetz, Andrea Grin, Jennifer A. Flemming
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

1Department of MedicineQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada 2Department of OncologyQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada 3Department of PathologyQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada *Address Correspondence and Reprint Requests to: Jennifer A. Flemming, M.D., F.R.C.P.C., M.A.S. Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston Health Sciences Centre–HDH Site 166 Brock Street, S4‐012 Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 5G2 E‐mail: [email protected] Tel.: +613‐544‐3400, extension 2483
Differential genomic landscape of clinically advanced/metastatic chordomas (mChor) based on primary tumor site.
Authors: Jonathan Keith Killian, Xiaohong Rose Yang, Natalie Danziger, Julia Andrea Elvin, Jo-Anne Vergilio, Douglas I. Lin, Erik Abraham Williams, Shakti H. Ramkissoon, Eric Allan Severson, Amanda Hemmerich, Daniel Duncan, Claire I. Edgerly, Richard Huang, Matthew Hiemenz, Venkataprasanth P. Reddy, Kimberly McGregor, Jeffrey Venstrom, Alexa Betzig Schrock, Brian Michael Alexander, Jeffrey S. Ross
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

11521 Background: We queried whether comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) could differentiate genomic alteration (GA) differences in mChor based on tumor site of origin Methods: 111 mChor FFPE tissues were sequenced using a hybrid-capture based CGP method to evaluate all classes of genomic alterations (GA). Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was determined on up to 1.1 Mbp of sequenced DNA and microsatellite instability (MSI) was determined on 114 loci. Results: 27 clivus (Cliv), 12 cervical (Cerv), 10 thoracic (Thor) and 44 lumbosacral (Sacr) mChor were compared (Table). A separate set of 18 mChor were submitted as metastasis biopsies with no primary tumor site available (Unk). mChor was generally more common in men with Sacr tumors. Cliv patients were significantly younger (p = 0.00002). GA/tumor was highest in Sacr at 2.9 and lowest Thor at 1.5. All (100%) mChor were MSI stable and the TMB was low ( &lt; 5 mut/Mb) for all cases. CDKN2A and CDKN2B mutation frequencies were highest in Sacr (52% and 46%, p = 0.009 and 0.0109). Potentially actionable GA in PTEN were highest in Thor and Sacr. PTCH1 GA were seen in Cliv and Cerv and PBRM1 GA potentially associated with immune-oncology (IO) drug response were present in all groups. Additional noteworthy targets were seen in all groups but were found in less than 11% of cases throughout the study (Table). Conclusions: Genomic profiles of our mChor cohort differ based on the site of tumor origin in the axial spine. Sacr appear to have the highest frequency of GA and the greatest number of potentially targetable GA. Although MSI and TMB biomarker results do not predict responsiveness, a significant PBRM1 GA frequency in all groups raises the possibility of IO drug benefit for some patients. [Table: see text]
肝淀粉样变性一例
Authors: 李春雨
Journal: BMJ (2009)

患者男,74岁,农民.乏力3个月、伴双下肢浮肿2个月于2007年6月25日入院.患者于3个月前出现乏力、纳差,无发热、恶心、呕吐,未治疗.于2个月前出现双下肢浮肿,当地诊所给予复方丹参滴丸、螺内酯等药物治疗,症状无缓解.本院以浮肿原因待查收入院。
WNT/β–catenin pathway activation correlates with the increase of tumor-associated macrophages in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).
Authors: Eleonora Timperi, Mengliang Ye, Thierry Dubois, Didier Meseure, Anne Vincent- Salomon, Emanuela Romano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e12564 Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) occurs in about 20% of all breast carcinomas. Because only a fraction of TNBCs responding to immune checkpoint blockade show a pre-existing T cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME), it is critical to understand the mechanisms of T-cell exclusion. Tumor-cell intrinsic activation of the WNT/β–catenin pathway, overexpressed in 30% of human breast cancers, is linked to a T-cell excluded TME. In β–catenin high TNBC, however, the quality of the myeloid compartment has not been evaluated. Methods: A total of seventy-five, early-stage, untreated, TNBC patients was assessed (patient cohorts approved by IRB). β–catenin expression was detected by IHC and scored as high, intermediate, and low. The presence of T cells, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and LAMP-expressing dendritic cells (LAMP + DCs) was assessed by IHC using aCD3, aCD68, aCD163, and aLAMP, respectively. Public TNBC datasets TCGA (N = 157) and METABRIC (N = 319) were interrogated for correlations between β–catenin- and immune-associated genes. Results: Three patient groups (N = 25/group) were identified according to the negative, medium and high intracellular expression of β–catenin. As opposed to β–catenin low TNBC, the β–catenin high group displayed significantly lower CD3+ T cells (median 5% ±7.37 SD vs median 30% ± 18.28 SD, p &lt; 0.0001) and LAMP+ DCs (median 1% ± 2.515 SD vs median 10% ± 7.038 SD, p &lt; 0.0001). The β–catenin low group was enriched in lymphocyte-predominant TNBC. For the first time, we show that the immune-suppressive, CD68 + CD163 + TAMs were strongly accumulated in the β–catenin high group (median 20% ± 12.20 SD vs median 5% ± 6.831 SD, p &lt; 0.0001). The interrogation of the public TNBC datasets TCGA and METABRIC confirmed that – after patient statification according to the expression level of a WNT/β–catenin gene-signature (i.e. MMP7, SFRP1, WNT10A, WNT16, WNT9B) – multiple TAM-associated genes – identified by our group in a single-cell RNAseq dataset – were strongly upregulated in WNT/β–catenin high signature, highlighting the role of the WNT/β–catenin signaling pathway not only in T-cell exclusion but also in selective TAM accumulation. Conclusions: Immune-suppressive TAMs are accumulated in β–catenin high , T-cell excluded TNBCs emphasizing the importance of tumor-intrinsic factors in shaping the quality of the immune infiltrate.
Characterizing patients with breast cancer who seek second opinions at an academic cancer center.
Authors: Sarah Fracci, Alexandrina Balanean, Heli Kapadia, Sidarth Swamy, Cathy Grace-Louthen, Shelly S. Lo, Abigail Silva, Talar Markossian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e19229 Background: Although second-opinion (SO) seeking is common in the field of oncology, there is limited empirical research on its drivers and consequences. This study’s objective is to compare the demographic and tumor characteristics between patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer who seek out SOs for treatment planning purposes with those who do not. Methods: This retrospective study includes women with newly diagnosed breast cancer who attended a single academic cancer center between 2017 and 2018 for an initial treatment consultation. Data elements were extracted from the medical record. Characteristics of first opinion and SO seekers were compared using descriptive statistics and chi-square testing. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of SO seeking. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Results: Of the 547 newly diagnosed patients, 147 (26.8%) were SO seekers. Compared to those seeking a first opinion, SO seekers were statistically significantly more likely to be younger and White and to have multiple primary (versus single) tumors, and have more advanced stage (II-IV) tumors. The two groups did not differ in terms of marital status, insurance, tumor grade, and tumor hormone receptor status. In the multivariate analysis, age, race/ethnicity, and tumor stage remained statistically significant. Compared to those age 65 and older, those age &lt;54 (OR=2.28; 95% CI:1.38-3.79) and those age 55-64 (OR=1.83; 95% CI:1.10-3.06) had a higher odds of seeking a SO. Compared to White women, Black (OR=0.33; 95% CI:0.18-0.63) and Hispanic women (OR=0.51; 95% CI:0.25-1.05) had a lower odds of SO seeking. Women with advanced stage tumors (OR=1.86; 95% CI:1.22-2.86) had a higher odds of seeking a SO compared to those with earlier stage tumors. Additionally, SO seekers had higher odds of multiple primary tumors (OR=1.63; 95% CI:0.99-2.69). Conclusions: In this study, SOs for breast cancer care were relatively common. SO seekers were more likely to be younger, White, and to have more advanced disease stage. Further analyses will include investigating the role of psychosocial factors in SO seeking and treatment changes resulting from SOs. More research on the value of SOs is needed to help guide patients and providers.
外耳道深部异物伴息肉一例
Authors: 曾钊辉, 庄美顺
Journal: BMJ (2010)

患者男,27岁,建筑工人.因右耳反复流脓疼痛伴听力下降半年于2009年5月19日就诊于本院.既往反复于当地医院就诊,治疗效果不佳.近日至社区健康服务中心就诊,诊断中耳炎,给予抗生素、滴耳清洗等治疗2 d,右耳仍流脓疼痛.无中耳炎病史、无头痛呕吐,自己间断服用头孢类抗生素。
Preliminary results of a phase II study of neoadjuvant checkpoint blockade for surgically resectable undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) and dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS).
Authors: Christina Lynn Roland, Emily Zhi-Yun Keung, Alexander J. Lazar, Keila E Torres, Wei-Lien Wang, Ashleigh Guadagnolo, Andrew Justin Bishop, Heather Y. Lin, Kelly Hunt, Barry W. Feig, Justin E. Bird, Valerae O. Lewis, Hussein Abdul-Hassan Tawbi, Ravin Ratan, Shreyaskumar Patel, Jennifer Ann Wargo, Neeta Somaiah
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

11505 Background: is a randomized, phase II non-comparative trial evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant checkpoint blockade [nivolumab (N) or ipilimumab/ nivolumab (I/N)] in patients (pts) with surgically resectable retroperitoneal DDLPS or extremity/truncal UPS treated with concurrent neoadjuvant radiation therapy (RT, UPS only). Methods: Primary endpoint was pathologic (path) response. Secondary endpoints were safety, RECIST response, recurrence-free survival, overall survival and patient-reported outcomes. Biospecimens (tumor, blood, fecal microbiome) at baseline, on therapy, and at time of surgery were collected and will be assessed for immune-based prognostic biomarkers. We assessed correlation between radiographic and pathologic response by linear regression. Correlative analyses includes assessment of tumor PD-L1 expression, characterization of tumor immune infiltrates by multiplex immunohistochemistry, and transcriptomic and genomic analyses. Results: Of the 25 pts enrolled; 24 are evaluable for response (14 DDLPS, 9 UPS). Clinical activity was variable by histologic subtype and treatment with RT. Median path response in the UPS cohort was 95% [95% CI 85–99] and was similar between the N/RT and I/N/RT groups (Table). Median path response in the DDLPS cohort was 22.5% [95% CI 85–99; Table]. Median change in tumor size (radiographic response) was -4% and +9% in the UPS and DDLPS cohorts, respectively. There was no correlation between path response and radiographic response (R 2 0.0309; p = 0.43). Of 8 pts with path response ≥ 85%, there was 1 partial response, 5 stable disease and 2 progressive disease by RECIST criteria. There was 1 delay to surgery due to grade 3 hyperbilirubinemia (Arm B). There was no difference in toxicity between N/RT and I/N/RT. Conclusions: N/RT and I/N/RT have significant clinical activity in UPS; more than expected compared to historic controls. Toxicity profiles were as expected and the majority of patients underwent resection without delay. Larger studies evaluating N/RT in UPS are warranted given the significant path response in this cohort. RECIST was not associated with path response and better markers of on-treatment clinical activity are needed. Correlative analyses that may guide combination strategies are ongoing and will be presented at the meeting. Clinical trial information: NCT03307616 .