tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Successful endoscopic transgastric retrieval of a plastic stent that migrated into the abdominal cavity during pancreatic fistula drainage
Authors: Longsong Li, Enqiang Linghu, Ningli Chai
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Pancreatic fistula is one of the most common complications after pancreatic surgery. Placement of a double-pigtail stent is often used as a rescue therapy [1] [2] [3]. However, often the stent migrates, which may lead to surgical intervention. We report a case in which a double-pigtail stent migrated into the abdominal cavity and was retrieved by endoscopic transgastric treatment.
FIGHT-205: Phase II study of first-line pemigatinib (PEMI) plus pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) versus PEMI alone versus standard of care (SOC) for cisplatin (CIS)—Ineligible urothelial carcinoma (UC) with <i>FGFR3</i> mutation or rearrangement.
Authors: Matt D. Galsky, Thomas Powles, Robert Dreicer, Hiroshi Kitamura, Ekatherine Asatiani, Jason Howe, Huiling Zhen, Natalia Oliveira, Andrea Necchi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

TPS592 Background: Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 3 gene alterations (GAs) are involved in UC pathogenesis. Pts with metastatic UC and FGFR3 GAs express low programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) levels; combination with FGFR inhibitors may confer added benefit via tumor-direct and immunomodulatory effects. Preliminary data from a phase 2 monotherapy trial of PEMI (INCB054828), a selective, potent, oral FGFR1–3 inhibitor, confirmed efficacy in previously treated relapsed/refractory pts with UC and FGFR3 GAs (NCT02872714). FIGHT-205, a randomized, open-label, phase 2 study, will assess efficacy and safety of PEMI + PEMBRO vs PEMI alone vs SOC (carboplatin [CARB] + gemcitabine [GEM] or PEMBRO alone) in CIS-ineligible metastatic/unresectable UC with FGFR3 mutation/rearrangement (NCT04003610). Methods: Eligible pts are adults with confirmed metastatic/unresectable UC; ≥1 measurable target lesion (per RECIST v1.1); platinum (PT)/CIS-ineligible; centrally confirmed FGFR3 mutation/rearrangement; ECOG PS ≤2. Exclusions include prior selective FGFR inhibitor, anti-PD-1/PD-L1/2, or co-inhibitory T-cell receptor directed agent; chemotherapy (except adjuvant, neoadjuvant); clinically significant corneal/retinal disorder; Ca/PO 4 homeostasis disorder/systemic mineral imbalance with ectopic calcification; untreated CNS metastases. Pts will be randomized (1:1:1) to 3 groups: PEMI 13.5 mg QD (continuous, 21-d cycle) + PEMBRO 200 mg Q3W, PEMI alone (same dose), or SOC (GEM [1000 mg/m 2 on D1 + D8] + CARB [AUC 5 (or 4.5) on D1 or D2] Q3W or PEMBRO [same dose] if PD-L1 score high/PT-ineligible). PEMI titration to 18 mg starting at cycle 2 is required for pts without hyperphosphatemia (serum PO 4 &gt;5.5 mg/dL) and grade ≥2 treatment-related AEs during cycle 1. Hyperphosphatemia will be managed by diet modifications, PO 4 binders, diuretics, or dose adjustments. PEMI will continue until progression/unacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoint is progression-free survival. Secondary endpoints are overall survival, objective response rate, duration of response, safety, and quality of life. Clinical trial information: NCT04003610.
Examining Racial Differences in Food Allergy-related Psychosocial Outcomes
Authors: Linda Herbert, Ashley Ramos, Adam Robinson, Amaziah Coleman, Iman Abdikarim, Hemant Sharma, Annika Chura, Amal Assa'ad, Aame Andy-Nweye, Susan Fox, Mahboobeh Mahdavinia, Mary Tobin, Jamie Fierstein, Jialing Jiang, Pamela Newmark, Lucy Bilaver, Alexandria Bozen, Christopher Warren, Jacqueline Pongracic, Ruchi Gupta
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
Quality in Lung Cancer Care: The Victorian Lung Cancer Registry Pilot Initial Report
Authors: Rob Stirling, Sue Evans, Meera Senthuren, Peta Mclaughlin, Sara Mclaughlin-Barrett, Jeremy Millar, Julian Gooi, Jennifer Phillip, Louis Irving, Paul Mitchell, Andrew Haydon, Jeremy Ruben, Matthew Conron, Neil Watkins, John Mcneil
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2015)
Efficient acute and chronic infection of stem cell-derived hepatocytes by hepatitis C virus
Authors: Arnaud Carpentier, Julie Sheldon, Florian W R Vondran, Richard JP Brown, Thomas Pietschmann
Journal: Gut (2020)

Objective and design Human stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) have shown high potential as authentic model for dissection of the HCV life cycle and virus-induced pathogenesis. However, modest HCV replication, possibly due to robust innate immune responses, limits their broader use. To overcome these limitations and to dissect the mechanisms responsible for control of HCV, we analysed expression of key components of the interferon (IFN) system in HLCs, assessed permissiveness for different HCV strains and blocked innate immune signalling by pharmacological intervention. Results Transcriptional profiling revealed that HLCs constitutively express messenger RNA of RLRs, and members of the IFN pathway. Moreover, HLCs upregulated IFNs and canonical interferon-regulated genes (IRGs) upon transfection with the double-stranded RNA mimic poly(I:C). Infection of HLCs with Jc1-HCVcc produced only limited viral progeny. In contrast, infection with p100, a Jc1-derived virus population with enhanced replication fitness and partial resistance to IFN, resulted in robust yet transient viraemia. Viral titres declined concomitant with a peak of IRG induction. Addition of ruxolitinib, a JAK/STAT inhibitor, permitted chronic infection and raised p100 infectious virus titres to 1×10 5 FFU/mL. IRGs expression profiling in infected HLCs revealed a landscape of HCV-dependent transcriptional changes similar to HCV-infected primary human hepatocytes, but distinct from Huh-7.5 cells. Withdrawal of ruxolitinib restored innate immune responses and resulted in HCV clearance. Conclusion This authentic human cell model is well suited to examine acute and chronic host-HCV interactions, particularly IFN-triggered antiviral effector functions and mechanisms of innate immune control of HCV infection.
Feasibility and efficacy of CD19-targeted CAR T cells with concurrent ibrutinib for CLL after ibrutinib failure
Authors: Jordan Gauthier, Alexandre V. Hirayama, Janaki Purushe, Kevin A. Hay, James Lymp, Daniel H. Li, Cecilia C. S. Yeung, Alyssa Sheih, Barbara S. Pender, Reed M. Hawkins, Aesha Vakil, Tinh-Doan Phi, Rachel N. Steinmetz, Mazyar Shadman, Stanley R. Riddell, David G. Maloney, Cameron J. Turtle
Journal: Blood (2020)
Detection of clinically significant prostate cancer after negative fusion and systematic biopsy.
Authors: Jeffrey Twum-Ampofo, Carl Ceraolo, Andrew Gusev, Adam S. Feldman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

288 Background: MRI/Ultrasound fusion biopsy of the prostate has enhanced the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Detection of csPCa is greatest when fusion and systematic biopsies are combined. However, the finding of a negative fusion and negative systematic biopsy in patients with suspicious lesion on imaging raises the question of either falsely positive imaging or a false negative biopsy. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our database of patients undergoing MRI/transrectal US-guided fusion biopsy. All images were graded according to the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version (PIRADS) 2.0. Patients underwent targeted biopsy followed by systematic 12-core double sextant biopsy within the same session. csPCa was defined as Grade Group (GG) ≥2 PCa. Patients with no prostate cancer (PCa) found on biopsies were followed. MRI studies with PIRADS v2 score ≤ 2 were considered to have no MRI evidence of PCa. Results: A total of 400 patients had at least one PIRADS ≥3 lesion and underwent fusion/systematic biopsy. Of these, 113 (28.3%) patients had no evidence of PCa on either fusion or systematic biopsy. Median follow-up was 32.5 months. 44 (39%) patients underwent repeat MRI and of these, 24 (54%) had no evidence of PCa on repeat MRI. PIRADS lesion disappearance was associated with lower PSA Density (PSAd) (0.12 vs 0.20; P = 0.0319) and decreased progression to repeat biopsy (8.33% vs 95%; P &lt; 0.0001). Patients who had a repeat biopsy had a greater PSAd ( 0.21 vs 0.12; P = 0.0054). Of 113 patients with negative initial biopsy, 23 (20.4 %) underwent repeat biopsy: 16 (14.2 %) had PCa and 11 (9.7%) had csPCa. Thus, 48% of patients who underwent repeat biopsy had csPCa. Among patients with a PCa on repeat biopsy, cancer was sampled by MRI targeted cores in 80% of patients. Conclusions: Despite a negative initial fusion/systematic biopsy, at least 10% of patients were subsequently diagnosed with clinically significant PCa. The combination of elevated PSAd and the persistence of a suspicious lesion on repeat MRI appears selective for previously missed PCa. However, after negative fusion biopsy, repeat MRI yields a high rate of PIRADS lesion disappearance in patients with low PSAd.
Pet Therapy: How the Cat I Never Wanted Saved My Life
Authors: Fumiko Chino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

My husband and I adopted our cat, Franklin, on a cold November day.It was one of the last days that Andrew felt well enough to leave the house to go anywhere other than to chemotherapy or a doctor's appointment.Our news at these appointments had shifted toward the negative, with disease progression on scans, low blood counts, and fluid accumulating in places it shouldn't be.After a year of aggressive treatment, his body was tiring out, and treatment options were becoming limited.Andrew had always wanted a cat, but I was resistant; I knew that I would be taking care of both of them and wasn't sure that I was ready.At a certain point, though, if your dying husband wants a cat … you get a cat, right?Franklin was a rescue-a scrappy orange boy with stripy legs and a spotted belly.He played with my husband's oxygen tubing, batting the plastic back and forth.He adapted quickly and would sit in Andrew's lap in a warm furry ball, signaling his comfort with loud, full-throated purrs.He would play fetch with my husband, who often wasn't strong enough to leave the bed.There was a large bowl of wrapped candy in the living room, and Franklin would bring one to the bed.Andrew would throw it from his propped-up perch in the bed; if the angle was perfect, he could fling it from the bedroom, through the slight zig-zag of the hallway, and into the large open living room.Franklin would race off to chase the candy and then trot back to deposit it one more time in Andrew's lap.They could do this for hours, it seemed, until one of them tired and then they would nap.They both napped a lot.
He Who Keeps Going
Authors: Donna Pucciani
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Understanding innate immune response in glioblastoma in search of a way forward
Authors: Ayush Pant, Michael Lim
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

T cells have long been the center of focus in cancer immunology due to their role in direct killing of cancer cells.Studies that show favorable prognosis associated with higher infiltration of cytotoxic CD8 T cells 1 as well as concurrent infiltration of CD8 and CD4 T cells 2 have further corroborated the pivotal role T cells play in mediating tumor control or clearance.These findings, coupled with the successful use of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies directed against the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway to reinvigorate effector T cells in checkpoint blockade responsive tumors such as melanoma have shown the importance of studying T-cell activation and exhaustion to fully understand the balance between immune surveillance and tumor growth.Such efforts at using checkpoint blockade to unleash the breaks on T cells have not yielded the same level of success in gliomas, warranting the identification of key players in the tumor microenvironment that might blunt the effects of immunotherapy.In this issue, de Groot and team contribute to our understanding of these tumorpromoting myeloid cells and show us how they might mediate resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. 3n a phase II "window of opportunity" trial, de Groot et al characterize the immune microenvironment of GBM specimen after pembrolizumab treatment to study anti-PD-1 therapy-induced changes in immune effector function.The study shows a paucity of T cells as well as a predominance of CD68+ immunosuppressive macrophages in the tumor that did not vary with treatment, suggesting that the presence of these immunosuppressive macrophages contribute to the blunting of anti-PD-1 efficacy.The CD68+ macrophages in the tumor express abundant immunosuppressive markers and comprise the majority of immune cells, constituting as high as 70% of the infiltrates.De Groot and colleagues show the presence of these "M2" phenotype-skewed CD68+ macrophages in tumors as well as the walls of their blood vessels, which could contribute to suppression of T-cell recruitment, effector function, or sequestration of anti-PD-1 therapy from activating exhausted T cells.Although de Groot's team noted a modest increase in granzyme B-producing T cells
Treatment-free survival after discontinuation of immuno-checkpoint therapy, and outcome of subsequent molecular targeted therapy: Retrospective study of Japanese metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients (after I-O study).
Authors: Yoshihiko Tomita, Go Kimura, Satoshi Fukasawa, Yutaka Sugiyama, Kazuyuki Numakura, Kazutoshi Yamana, Sei Naito, Koki Kabu, Yohei Tajima, Mototsugu Oya
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

677 Background: Guidelines for treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) recommend nivolumab monotherapy (NIVO) for treated mRCC, and nivolumab + ipilimumab combination therapy (NIVO+IPI) for untreated IMDC intermediate and poor risk mRCC patients. Though molecular targeted therapies (TTs) such as VEGFR-TKIs and mTORi are recommended as subsequent therapy after NIVO or NIVO+IPI, their impact is still unclear. Methods: Japanese mRCC patients treated with TT after NIVO (CheckMate 025) or NIVO+IPI (CheckMate 214) were retrospectively analyzed. Primary endpoints were investigator assessed ORR of the first TT after NIVO, and after NIVO+IPI. Secondary endpoints included treatment-free survival (TFS) after discontinuation of NIVO and NIVO+IPI, and progression-free survival (PFS) and safety of the first subsequent TT after NIVO and NIVO+IPI. Results: Twenty-six patients of CheckMate 025 and 19 patients of CheckMate 214 from 20 centers in Japan were analyzed. Median TFS after ICI discontinuation was 1.0m and 2.5m for CheckMate 025 and CheckMate 214 patients, respectively. Median follow-up period from the start of TT after ICI discontinuation to date of analysis or death was 22.1m for CheckMate 025, and 20.3m for CheckMate 214 patients. As the first subsequent TT after NIVO or NIVO+IPI, axitinib was the most treated therapy for both CheckMate 025 (53.8%) and CheckMate 214 (47.4%) patients. ORR of TT after NIVO and NIVO+IPI was 26.9% and 31.6%, and median PFS was 8.9m and 16.3m, respectively. During the treatment of first TT after NIVO and NIVO+IPI, 98% percent experienced treated-related adverse events, 51% experienced grade 3-4, but no treatment related death. Conclusions: TTs have favorable antitumor activity for mRCC after NIVO and NIVO+IPI, possibly by changing the mode of action. Safety signals of TTs after ICI were similar to the previous reports. These results indicate sequential TTs after ICI may contribute for durable survival benefit.
Endoscopic revision of bariatric surgery: expanding the toolbox
Authors: Barham K. Abu Dayyeh
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

The World Health Organization report published in February 2018 indicated that obesity rates have tripled since 1975. With this unabated obesity pandemic, it is not surprising that the number of bariatric surgical procedures continues to increase. According to the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorder 4th global registry report, the number of bariatric operations is estimated at 394 421 globally [1]. The two most common operations are laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), representing 46 % and 38 % of operations, respectively [1].
Prostate oncologic therapy while ensuring neurovascular conservation (POTEN-C): A phase II randomized controlled trial of stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SAbR) with or without neurovascular sparing for erectile function preservation in localized prostate cancer.
Authors: Neil Bipinchandra Desai, Michael Ryan Folkert, Andrew Leiker, Yulong Yan, Daniel N. Costa, Robert Timothy Dess, Daniel Eidelberg Spratt, Aurelie Garant, Raquibul Hannan, Robert D. Timmerman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

TPS381 Background: Radiotherapy (RT) associated sexual dysfunction occurs in half of men following treatment for localized prostate cancer. Proposed mechanisms include vascular injury of adjacent internal pudendal arteries (IPA), penile bulb (PB), corpora cavernosa (CC) or neurovascular bundles (NVB). Ability to spare these structures has been limited by a presumed need to treat the entire prostate gland, while also preventing rectal injury. Recent innovations have challenged this issue: a) precise dose delivery with stereotactic ablative RT (SAbR), b) improved spatial mapping of clinically significant disease with mpMRI, c) rectal avoidance with rectal spacer use. Methods: POTEN-C is a multi-center phase II randomized control trial, which includes men with a) low-intermediate risk prostate cancer eligible for SAbR without ADT, b) potent by sexual composite score ≥60 on EPIC patient-reported quality of life instrument, c) mpMRI delineated disease (PIRADS v2 score 3-5) ≥5mm to at least one ‘spared’ NVB. After placement of rectal spacer gel and CT/MRI simulation, men are randomized to standard SAbR to 40-45Gy/5fx or neurovascular-sparing SAbR. In the sparing experimental arm, the prostate PTV is given 30Gy/5fx excluding unilateral ‘spared’ NVB, while a 40-45Gy PTV further excludes a 5mm protective shell on the unilateral ‘spared’ NVB+IPA+PB+CC. Centralized rapid review of initial contours/plans and online training materials are integrated. The primary endpoint is 2-year patient-reported potency, measured by EPIC sexual composite score. We hypothesize that neurovascular sparing SAbR will reduce 2-year EPIC score decline from a control of 20 to 10 (corresponding to a MCID). Assuming standard deviation 20, two-sided significance level 0.10 with two-sample t-testing, and 15% attrition, we intend to enroll 120 patients to provide 80% power to detect this difference. Secondary endpoints include sexual medication/aid use, relapse rates, GU/GI toxicity. Enrollment is ongoing. Details: http://www.poten-c.org . Clinical trial information: 03525262.
Baseline FeNO as a Prognostic Biomarker for Subsequent Severe Asthma Exacerbations in Patients With Uncontrolled, Moderate-to-Severe Asthma Receiving Placebo in the LIBERTY ASTHMA QUEST Study
Authors: William Busse, Ian Pavord, Sally Wenzel, Eric Bateman, Thomas Casale, J. FitzGerald, Megan Rice, Yamo Deniz, Naimish Patel, Sivan Harel, Paul Rowe, Neil Graham, Thomas O’Riordan
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
Anthony Kyriacou Antoniou
Authors: Demi Antoniou, Michael Antoniou, Xanthe Antoniou-Plotnikova, Nikolay Plotnikov, Anthony Antoniou-Plotnikov
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The death of Anthony Kyriacou Antoniou (“Tony”) on Monday, 2 December 2019, at the age of 80 from cancer has, with great sadness, extinguished the light of one of our leading internationally respected physicians in general practice.

Tony was born on 15 September 1939 in Cyprus. He came to London with his family in 1951 and was educated at Quintin Kynaston Grammar School in St John’s Wood, London, which was originally in Marylebone. There at the grammar school he walked off with the top prizes in every subject except “woodwork and art.”

His sole desire in life was to become a doctor of medicine. Tony chose University College Hospital because of its long history in life sciences and Nobel laureates.

The net result of his …
Bladder cancer caregiver quality of life and patient cancer severity.
Authors: Kathryn Gessner, Sean McCabe, Pauline Filippou, Hannah McCloskey, Judy Hamad, Allison Mary Deal, John L. Gore, Angela Smith
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

456 Background: Bladder cancer patients’ care is often managed by caregivers, yet caregiving can create a physiologic and emotional burden that compromises the caregivers’ own quality of life (QOL). Our objective was to determine the impact of disease stage on caregiver QOL among a large national cohort of bladder cancer patients. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey of bladder cancer caregivers using the Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network Patient Survey Network and Inspire platforms to determine caregiver QOL using the CareGiver QOL questionnaire (CarGOQoL). Caregivers were also queried regarding demographic, socioeconomic and clinical characteristics of their loved one. We present descriptive statistics and a multiple linear regression model to identify factors independently associated with QOL domain score. Results: 132 respondents self-identified as caregivers of patients with bladder cancer. Among respondents, 85% were a spouse, 86% were female, and 97% were white. The mean age was 63 years (range 34 to 72 years) and 73% of respondents completed college. The highest cancer stage for patients was non-invasive in 42%, muscle-invasive in 33%, and metastatic in 24%. On bivariable analysis, stage was associated with leisure and social support but was not associated with global QOL, psychologic or physical well-being, burden, relationship with healthcare, administration and finances, coping, self-esteem or private life. However, on multivariable analysis controlling for age, race, years since diagnosis, and comorbidity, stage was significantly associated with Caregiver QOL (p=0.04). Conclusions: Disease stage significantly impacts QOL among bladder cancer caregivers. As the caregiver is increasingly considered as a stakeholder in survivorship efforts, future interventions should consider targeting social support among caregivers of patients with advanced bladder cancer.