tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Healthcare for all: every country can do it—an essay by Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
Authors: Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
Journal: BMJ (2019)

<b>Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus</b> ran for and won his current job as WHO director general on a platform of pushing for universal health coverage, where all people, everywhere, have access to the healthcare they need
Abstract 11625: Anti-Thrombotic Therapy Strategies With Long-Term Anticoagulation After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Muhammad Shabbir Rawala, Waqas Javed Siddiqui, Chikezie Alvarez, Muhammad Yasir Khan, Maryam Khan, Syed Farhan Hasni, Sandeep Aggarwal, Andrew Kohut, Howard Eisen
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Long-term oral anticoagulants (OAC) poses a challenge after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with Aspirin and P2Y12 inhibitors due to increa...
Integrative and Network-Specific Connectivity of the Basal Ganglia and Thalamus Defined in Individuals
Authors: Deanna J. Greene, Scott Marek, Evan M. Gordon, Joshua S. Siegel, Caterina Gratton, Timothy O. Laumann, Adrian W. Gilmore, Jeffrey J. Berg, Annie L. Nguyen, Donna Dierker, Andrew N. Van, Mario Ortega, Dillan J. Newbold, Jacqueline M. Hampton, Ashley N. Nielsen, Kathleen B. McDermott, Jarod L. Roland, Scott A. Norris, Steven M. Nelson, Abraham Z. Snyder, Bradley L. Schlaggar, Steven E. Petersen, Nico U.F. Dosenbach
Journal: Neuron (2019)
Biomarkers of immune switch induced by a novel anti-macrophage antibody (anti-Clever-1 mAb; FP-1305) in MATINS trial patients with advanced solid tumours
Authors: M. Hollmén, R. Virtakoivu, P. Jaakkola, A. Minchom, S. Jalkanen, M. Karvonen, J. Mandelin, J. Koivunen, P. Bono
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Deletion in the Cobalamin Synthetase W Domain–Containing Protein 1 Gene Is associated with Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract
Authors: Shoichiro Kanda, Masaki Ohmuraya, Hiroyuki Akagawa, Shigeru Horita, Yasuhiro Yoshida, Naoto Kaneko, Noriko Sugawara, Kiyonobu Ishizuka, Kenichiro Miura, Yutaka Harita, Toshiyuki Yamamoto, Akira Oka, Kimi Araki, Toru Furukawa, Motoshi Hattori
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2019)

Significance Statement Most patients with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), the leading cause of pediatric ESKD, do not have mutations in any of the approximately 40 CAKUT-causing genes that have been identified to date. The authors studied a family with two siblings with CAKUT that appeared to be caused by an autosomal recessive mutation in an as-yet unidentified gene. Using whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing, they found that the affected children but not healthy family members had a homozygous deletion in the Cobalamin Synthetase W Domain–Containing Protein 1 (CBWD1) gene. They also demonstrated in mice that Cbwd1 protein was expressed in the ureteric bud cells, and that Cbwd1 -deficient mice showed CAKUT. These findings suggest a role for CBWD1 in CAKUT etiology. Background Researchers have identified about 40 genes with mutations that result in the most common cause of CKD in children, congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), but approximately 85% of patients with CAKUT lack mutations in these genes. The anomalies that comprise CAKUT are clinically heterogenous, and thought to be caused by disturbances at different points in kidney development. However, identification of novel CAKUT-causing genes remains difficult because of their variable expressivity, incomplete penetrance, and heterogeneity. Methods We investigated two generations of a family that included two siblings with CAKUT. Although the parents and another child were healthy, the two affected siblings presented the same manifestations, unilateral renal agenesis and contralateral renal hypoplasia. To search for a novel causative gene of CAKUT, we performed whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing of DNA from the family members. We also generated two lines of genetically modified mice with a gene deletion present only in the affected siblings, and performed immunohistochemical and phenotypic analyses of these mice. Results We found that the affected siblings, but not healthy family members, had a homozygous deletion in the Cobalamin Synthetase W Domain–Containing Protein 1 (CBWD1) gene. Whole-genome sequencing uncovered genomic breakpoints, which involved exon 1 of CBWD1 , harboring the initiating codon. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed high expression of Cbwd1 in the nuclei of the ureteric bud cells in the developing kidneys. Cbwd1 -deficient mice showed CAKUT phenotypes, including hydronephrosis, hydroureters, and duplicated ureters. Conclusions The identification of a deletion in CBWD1 gene in two siblings with CAKUT implies a role for CBWD1 in the etiology of some cases of CAKUT.
An effective snakebite first aid training method for medics in the Chinese troops: a RCT
Authors: Chen Qiu, Xiao-Feng Qiu, Jing-Jing Liu, Yi-Xin Wang, Li Gui
Journal: Military Medical Research (2019)

Abstract Background Snakebites can lead to lifelong consequences and is one of the main causes of death among military troops worldwide. However, few Chinese military medics know the proper first aid procedures for snakebites. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of the Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) and checklist on Chinese military medics’ ability to manage snakebite first aid. Methods This study was a prospective single-blind randomized controlled trial conducted in a military medical university of China from May to June 2017. A questionnaire-based survey was performed to collect the participants’ socio-demographic profiles before the baseline measurement. During the baseline measurement, participants were requested to provide corresponding first aid that was responsive to the simulative situation portrayed by the SPs (standardized patients) and the evaluators then scored their performances according to a checklist for snakebite first aid scoring table. After the baseline measurement, they were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups after stratification according to their baseline performance scores: group A received a self-learning course with textbooks ( n = 27), group B received a self-learning training on the SOP and checklist ( n = 27) and group C was engaged in an interactive discussion panel regarding the SOP and checklist ( n = 26). After the interventions, participants received outcome measurements about snakebite first aid key points capability from the same evaluator and SP for each group to avoid observational error. The reviewers were blinded about the grouping in the trial. Results The baseline measurement yielded no significant difference ( H = 1.647, P = 0.439) among the three groups. The post-intervention scores were higher than the pre-intervention scores for all three (A, B and C) groups ( P = 0.008, P &lt; 0.001 and P &lt; 0.001, respectively). There was significant difference of the post-intervention scores among the three groups ( F = 8.841, P &lt; 0.001). Both post-intervention scores of group B and group C were higher than that of group A ( P &lt; 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively), but no difference was found between group B and C ( P = 0.695). The acceptance questionnaire score of SOP and checklist was mostly very satisfied, as the final scores of group B and group C were 4.62 ± 0.61 and 4.82 ± 0.45, respectively. Conclusions In this study, the implementation of an SOP and checklist for snakebite first aid was shown to update and improve first aid treatment concepts in military medics. These intervention methods played an important role in improving the medics’ cognition and understanding of snakebite first aid. Therefore, this finding suggests that SOP and checklist training should be further implemented in Chinese troops for snakebite care.
Kicking the Can Down the Road — When Medical Schools Fail to Self-Regulate
Authors: Sally A. Santen, Jennifer Christner, George Mejicano, Robin R. Hemphill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

Every spring, U.S. medical schools graduate some students who should not be allowed to become doctors. Despite multiple incentives for promoting, and barriers to dismissing, problematic students, medical schools have a responsibility to patients and the profession.
LBA4 Association of KRAS mutational status with response to pembrolizumab monotherapy given as first-line therapy for PD-L1-positive advanced non-squamous NSCLC in Keynote-042
Authors: R.S. Herbst, G. Lopes, D.M. Kowalski, K. Kasahara, Y.-L. Wu, G. De Castro, B.C. Cho, H.Z. Turna, R. Cristescu, D. Aurora-Garg, J. Lunceford, J. Kobie, M. Ayers, M.C. Pietanza, B. Piperdi, T.S.K. Mok
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Cisplatin combination with allyl isothiocyanate, a constituent of cruciferous vegetables, synergistically increases cancer cell death through activation of caspase 3 and downregulation of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and survivin
Authors: Xiang Ling, Felicia Cao, Yuesheng Zhang, Fengzhi Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

1915  Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) occurs abundantly in many cruciferous vegetables such as mustard and horseradish and inhibits cancer cell proliferation through inducing G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Cisplatin is one of the first-line drugs in the treatment of many human cancers in the clinic. In this study, three cancer cell lines, including a highly invasive human ovarian cancer cell line, a colon cancer cell line HCT116 and a breast cancer cell line MCF-7, were used to determine the combinational effects of AITC with cisplatin on cell growth and death. Microscopic morphological changes, survival cell counts and MTT viability assays were employed to analyze cell proliferation and cell viability. Western blot and flow cytometry analysis were used to determine antiapoptotic protein expression and cell cycle distribution after combination treatment with AITC and cisplatin, respectively. Our results show that combination of AITC and cisplatin significantly increases cancer cell death and decreases cell viability in all three human cancer cell lines as compared with each drug alone. Western blot data showed that combination of AITC and cisplatin significantly increased caspase-3 activation and decreased the expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. More interestingly, combination of AITC and cisplatin appeared to neutralize the increase in the antiapoptotic protein survivin expression induced by single drug treatment. Thus, inhibition of both Bcl-2 and survivin expression in cancer cells by the combination treatment of AITC and cisplatin may at least partially represent the synergy of these two antitumor compounds since both Bcl-2 and survivin are involved in cancer cell survival and drug resistance. In addition, combination of AITC and cisplatin altered cell cycle distribution. Taken together, our data indicate that combination of AITC and cisplatin significantly increases cancer cell death as compared with each drug alone, thus potentially providing a new strategy for cancer treatment.
Abstract 14220: Longitudinal Change in Exercise Capacity and Predictors of Performance After Fontan: Results From the Pediatric Heart Network Fontan 3 Study
Authors: David J Goldberg, Victor Zak, Brian W McCrindle, Hua Ni, Jonathan Rhodes, Robert P Garofano, Jonathan R Kaltman, Linda M Lambert, Lynn Mahony, Renee Margossian, Zebulon Z Spector, Richard V Williams, Andrew M Atz, Stephen M Pardion
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Impaired exercise capacity following Fontan is associated with long term morbity and may be an important surrogate outcome for therapeutic trials. However, large cohort cross-sectiona...
Case 39-2019: A 57-Year-Old Woman with Hypotension and Trauma after a Motorcycle Accident
Authors: David R. King, Jerome C. Crowley, Nathan E. Frenk, Haytham M.A. Kaafarani
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

A 57-year-old woman presented to the ED after a traumatic motorcycle accident. Bleeding from the pelvis and thigh resulted in hemorrhagic shock. Emergency management decisions were made, and therapeutic procedures were performed.
Bright spots, physical activity investments that work: National Steps Challenge, Singapore: a nationwide mHealth physical activity programme
Authors: Jiali Yao, Chuen Seng Tan, Cynthia Chen, Jeremy Tan, Nicole Lim, Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2019)

### Programme card

Country/coverage

Target population

What modes/types/domains of physical activity (PA) does the programme promote?

Which of the seven best investments the programme addresses?

What sectors does it involve?

Estimated programme reach:

What is special about this programme?

Key contacts:

Programme …
Therapeutic Efficacy of Combining the Tumour Checkpoint Controller BAL101553 (Lisavanbulin) and Immunomodulation in Two Mouse Glioma Models with Different Immunological Status
Authors: V. Genoud, E. Marinari, V. Bes, P.-Y. Dietrich, P. McSheehy, F. Bachmann, H. Lane, P.R. Walker
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Extrachromosomal circular DNA drives oncogenic genome remodeling in neuroblastoma
Authors: Richard P. Koche, Elias Rodriguez-Fos, Konstantin Helmsauer, Martin Burkert, Ian C. MacArthur, Jesper Maag, Rocio Chamorro, Natalia Munoz-Perez, Montserrat Puiggròs, Heathcliff Dorado Garcia, Yi Bei, Claudia Röefzaad, Victor Bardinet, Annabell Szymansky, Annika Winkler, Theresa Thole, Natalie Timme, Katharina Kasack, Steffen Fuchs, Filippos Klironomos, Nina Thiessen, Eric Blanc, Karin Schmelz, Annette Künkele, Patrick Hundsdörfer, Carolina Rosswog, Jessica Theissen, Dieter Beule, Hedwig Deubzer, Sascha Sauer, Joern Toedling, Matthias Fischer, Falk Hertwig, Roland F. Schwarz, Angelika Eggert, David Torrents, Johannes H. Schulte, Anton G. Henssen
Journal: Nature Genetics (2019)
Extraneous vowels and doctor productivity: an international comparison
Authors: Jennifer Kasten
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Extraneous vowels and doctor productivity: an international comparison Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
SNPs identified by GWAS affect asthma risk through DNA methylation and expression of <i>cis</i>-genes in airway epithelium
Authors: Soyeon Kim, Erick Forno, Qi Yan, Yale Jiang, Rong Zhang, Nadia Boutaoui, Edna Acosta-Pérez, Glorisa Canino, Wei Chen, Juan C. Celedón
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

<b>Many asthma-susceptibility SNPs are associated with expression of distant cis-genes in airway epithelium (AE) through DNA methylation. Over 40% of the genes whose expression in AE is associated with such SNPs are differentially expressed in atopic asthma.</b>http://bit.ly/2L1rnIk
Abstract 15363: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation with the Edwards Valve Prosthesis in Patients with Contra-Indication to Surgery but Low (<20%) Logistic Euroscore: Results of the Rouen Registry
Authors: Matthieu Godin, Bogdan Borz, Eric Durand, Christophe Tron, Pierre-Yves Litzler, Fabien Doguet, Jean-Paul Bessou, Alain Cribier, Hélène Eltchaninoff
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is increasingly accepted as a therapeutic option in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). A predictive Logistic Euroscore (Log ES) > ...
Peptidic Monodisperse PEG “Comb” as Multifunctional “Add‐On” Module for Imaging‐Traceable and Thermo‐Responsive Theranostics
Authors: Junfei Zhu, Huaibin Zhang, Kexin Chen, Yu Li, Zhigang Yang, Shizhen Chen, Xing Zheng, Xin Zhou, Zhong‐Xing Jiang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

Monodisperse polyethylene glycols-modified (M-PEGylated) biomaterials exhibit high structural accuracy, biocompatibility, and fine-tunable physicochemical properties. To develop "smart" drug delivery systems in a controllable and convenient manner, a peptidic M-PEG "comb" with fluorinated L-lysine side chains and a fluorescent N-terminal is conveniently prepared as a 19 F magnetic resonance imaging (19 F MRI) and fluorescence dual-imaging traceable and thermo-responsive "add-on" module for liposomal theranostics in cancer therapy. The peptidic M-PEG "comb" has high biocompatibility, thermo-responsivity with a sharp lower critical solution temperature, an aggregation-induced emission fluorescence, and high 19 F MRI sensitivity. As a highly branched amphiphile, it self-assembles and firmly anchors on the doxorubicin-loaded liposomal nanoparticles, which M-PEGylates the liposomes and facilitates the thermo-responsive drug release and drug tracking with dual-imaging technologies. In a rodent xenograft model of human liver cancer HepG2 cells, the M-PEGylated liposomes exhibit long in vivo half time, low toxicity, high tumor accumulation, "hot spot" 19 F MRI, and therapeutic efficacy. With accurately programmable chemical structure, fine-tunable physicochemical and biological properties to meet the demands of diagnosis, drug delivery, and therapy, the M-PEG "comb" is promising as a versatile "add-on" module for rapid and convenient formulation of various "smart" theranostics.
Abstract 14246: A Novel Biological Mechanism Linking Noise to Metabolic Diseases in Humans
Authors: Michael T Osborne, Azar Radfar, Blake Oberfeld, Brian Tung, Tomas Patrich, Ying Wang, Shady Abohashem, Lisa M Shin, Karestan C Koenen, Roger K Pitman, Janet Lo, Steven K Grinspoon, Ahmed Tawakol
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Environmental noise has been linked to metabolic diseases, including increased obesity and diabetes (DM). However, the mechanism linking noise to these diseases is undefined. Neural a...
Response to: ‘Clarification regarding the statement of the association between the recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) and gout flares’ by Didierlaurent <i>et al</i>
Authors: Chio Yokose, Hyon Choi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

We read with great interest the correspondence from Didierlaurent et al 1 regarding our recent report on the association between vaccination and risk of gout flares using a case-crossover design.2 In particular, we appreciate the clarification that the authors provided regarding the unsolicited adverse events reported during the 30 days after each vaccination, including episodes of gout, with incident gout cases surpassing reports of recurrent gout flares. While this is a notable difference from our online case-crossover study which included only patients with known gout and assessed for recurrent gout flares, this …
Using genetics to guide treatment and drug development in cardiovascular medicine: time to reveal the proof in the pudding
Authors: Stephen J Nicholls
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2019)

The last three decades have witnessed extraordinary advances in the approach to determination of cardiovascular risk and therapeutic agents to improve clinical outcomes.Despite increasing use of these strategies, our clinical practice continues to be challenged by an inability to accurately predict the likelihood of cardiovascular events in all individuals and a substantial residual clinical risk in many patients who receive evidencebased therapies.Accordingly, there remains a need to develop additional preventive approaches to reduce the cardiovascular burden in society.Recent efforts have highlighted the potential for genetic insights into atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) to play a role in both clinical practice and development of new therapies.
Response to: ‘Correspondence to ‘Slope sign’: a feature of large vessel vasculitis?’ by Milchert <i>et al</i>
Authors: Alwin Sebastian, Abdul Kayani, Bhaskar Dasgupta
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

Response to: 'Correspondence to 'Slope sign': a feature of large vessel vasculitis?' by Milchert et al We are grateful for the interest in our article and agree with Milchert et al 1 that the slope sign deserves a precise definition.Intimal medial thickness (IMT) of the axillary artery is the current way of assessing large vessel giant cell arteritis (LV-GCA) by ultrasound (US), with a cut-off value of greater than 1.0 mm suggesting LV-GCA. 2 Other causes of arterial wall thickening can mimic vasculitis such as atherosclerosis and it is often challenging to differentiate between atherosclerosis and vasculitis related thickening of the axillary artery. 3'Slope sign' is a visual definition of a smooth, homogenous, gradual transition from an abnormal axillary arterial segment with increased IMT to an arterial segment with normal IMT.This should help differentiate between vasculitic and atherosclerotic wall thickening. 4e suggest that sonographers should seek to demonstrate the slope sign in all cases of suspected LV-GCA through the use of panoramic views, if necessary, of the axillary artery from the humeral neck to the origin of the circumflex branch.We agree with Milchert et al 1 that, in LV-GCA the slope is usually long.However, we disagree that atherosclerosis can demonstrate a sharp or short slope.Our observations are that abrupt, atherosclerotic thickening involves a focal area of arterial wall and therefore cannot be mistaken for a slope.We also have observed that the echotexture of the vasculitic IMT is hypoechoic which transitions smoothly to a normal echotexture.The retrospective analysis by Milchert et al 5 validates our finding.However, we do not think the axillary-brachial IMT ratio is a surrogate for the slope sign since it does not assess the gradual transition which is a critical part of the definition.We agree that this sign requires validation and assessment as a marker of disease extent in prospective studies.Our ongoing multicentre HAS GCA study (National Institute for Health Research number 264294), exploring quantitative US halo score as a prognostic and monitoring tool in GCA, has the assessment of slope sign as one of its objectives.
Large-Capacity Magazine Bans Linked With Fewer Mass Shootings, Deaths
Authors: Jennifer Abbasi
Journal: JAMA (2019)

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