tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PANCREATIC CYSTIC LESIONS: DOCTOR, DO I HAVE PANCREATIC CANCER!?
Authors: E Rinja, V Sandru, R Plescuta, A Butuc, D Vascu, V Ionescu, R Bala, V Simion, A Constantinescu, B Ungureanu, G Balan, G Constantineascu, O Plotogea, M Ilie
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims The prevalence of pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs), both benign and malignant, has significantly increased in the past few years. We carried out a study aiming to evaluate the frequency of Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) based diagnosis of PCLs, with or without fine needle aspiration (FNA), in a tertiary emergency care center.
Incident Hepatitis B Virus Infection in HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Men Who Have Sex With Men From Pre-HAART to HAART Periods
Authors: Oluwaseun Falade-Nwulia, Eric C. Seaberg, Anna E. Snider, Charles R. Rinaldo, John Phair, Mallory D. Witt, Chloe L. Thio
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In this observational study, rates of incident HBV infection were compared according to demographic and behav...
PANCREATIC LEAKS TREATED ACCORDING TO AN ENDOSCOPY-ORIENTED CLASSIFICATION: A TERTIARY-CARE CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: G Bonato, L Dioscoridi, M Cintolo, E Forti, F Pugliese, A Giannetti, A Italia, R Rosa, M Mutignani
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims In recent years, advances in interventional endoscopy have led to a substantial change in management algorithm of pancreatic leaks and fistula [2]. In 2017 our group proposed a new classification which combines anatomical and functional criteria with the purpose of guiding physicians in selecting the appropriate endoscopic treatment strategy for such conditions [3]. Aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and clinical usefulness of an endoscopy-oriented classification for pancreatic leaks in a clinical setting.
Thyroid Abnormalities in Renal Failure
Authors: Germán Ramírez, William Jubiz, Charley F. Gutch, H. Allan Bloomer, Richard Siegler, Willem J. Kolff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Abstract Fifty-three patients with renal failure on chronic hemodialysis were screened for the presence of goiter. Thirty-one had enlarged thyroid glands, a prevalence of goiter of 58% not previous...
Gender gap in rheumatology: speaker representation at annual conferences
Authors: Kanika Monga, Jean Liew
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

et al's report of gender disparities in the first authorship of rheumatology guidelines was very interesting to read. 1 The authors highlight a fundamental issue: the existence of a gender gap-that is, proportionately more male than female physicians-within the authorship ranks in rheumatology.We had thought that it would be intriguing to investigate whether this difference permeates at the national conference level as well.Recent studies have quantified the gender gap among speakers at academic conferences in other specialties.The most extensive study of 181 medical conferences held in North America over the course of a decade (2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017) found an increase in the proportion of female speakers from 25% to 34% over time, and the under-representation of women to be more marked at surgical compared with medical conferences. 2 Our goal was to describe the proportion of female representation among speakers and moderators at the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) meetings in 2017 and 2018.Using the ACR Session Tracker programme for these 2 years, we determined the proportion of women for each speaker or moderator slot.We further categorised by basic versus clinical science presentation and by type of session (premeeting, ACR general session, Association of Rheumatology Health Professionals (AHRP) general session, abstracts, workshop, study group or Meet the Professor).Overall, the proportion of combined female speakers and moderators was 42.8% in 2017 and 47.0% in 2018.The representation of female speakers increased from 2017 to 2018 by 4.2%, which in a conference of approximately 1100 presenters (total presenters at the 2018 conference) amounts to 46.2 persons.There was a higher proportion of female speakers in the clinical than in the basic science presentations (mean 45.8% vs 40.5%).By session type, the AHRP sessions had the highest proportion of female representation (mean 65.3%) while Meet the Professor and workshops had the lowest (34.4% and 28.7%, respectively) (figure 1).We found that the mean overall proportion of female speakers and moderators at ACR meetings in the past 2 years was 44.9%.The ACR had female representation above the mean compared with major North American medical conferences held in 2017.This proportion is also comparable to the estimated US adult rheumatology workforce data from 2015. 3 However, there remains a gender gap across most medical specialties in Canada and the USA despite the current gender parity in medical school.Limited numbers of role models, sponsors and mentors may cause and perpetuate the problem.Although the gender gap at recent ACR meetings was narrower as compared with other conferences, we must remain cognizant of its presence and continue to work towards equal representation.
Autocrine regulation of cell proliferation by ERa in breast cancer cells
Authors: Zhongzong Pan, Huining Tan
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

3040  Estrogens are steroid hormones that are indispensable for normal mammary gland development. The primary function of estrogens is to stimulate mammary epithelial cell proliferation, which is mediated by estrogen receptors (ERs). There are two known types of estrogen receptors - ERa and ERb, with ERa being the primary type of estrogen receptor mediating mammary epithelial cell proliferation. Consistent with their function in cell proliferation, extensive exposure to estrogens during a woman’s lifetime and abnormal expression of estrogen receptor impose higher risk to breast cancer. Indeed, ERa is found abnormally expressed in about 70% of diagnosed breast carcinomas. ERa is a diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer as well as a therapy target by Tamoxifen and other selected ER modulators (SERMs). Despite the significant role of ERa in normal mammary gland development and breast cancer, the molecular mechanism of how ERa mediates cell proliferation is not fully understood. Contrary to most cell receptors that mediate cell proliferation, ERa-positive cells as marked by immunohistochemical staining are dissociated from proliferating cells labeled by radioactive isotope or the cell proliferation marker Ki-67. It is generally believed that ERa expressing cells don’t proliferate, instead these ERa-positive cells will release some growth factors to stimulate the neighbouring cells to proliferate - the paracrine regulation of cell proliferation by ERa. In our studies, we evaluated the expression of ERa in different phases of cell cycle in ERa-positive breast cancer cells. We found that ERa is present in all four phases of the cell cycle. Consistently, we found that ERa colocalized with Ki-67 and the cyclins (D, E, A, and B) for different phases of cell cycle progression. In cells treated with ICI182780, E2 stimulation leads to cell proliferation. A recent study in mouse mammary glands suggested that the dissociation of ERa with cell proliferation marker could be caused by the rapid degradation of ERa when stimulated by E2. In the ERa-positive breast cancer cells, we found that ERa is also quickly down-regulated by E2 stimulation, indicating that the presence of ERa in all phases of the cell cycle is not caused by the defective ERa degradation. In summary, our data indicate that ERa can mediate estrogen-stimulated cell proliferation in an autocrine manner in ERa-positive breast cancer cells.
OUTCOMES OF ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION FOR EARLY ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL NEOPLASIA AT A WESTERN CENTER
Authors: D Lorenzo, M Barret, S Leblanc, B Terris, F Beuvon, R Coriat, S Chaussade, F Prat
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection has become the gold standard for the management of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) as a staging procedure and curative treatment. However, data from Western centers are scarce.
Inhibition of Sphingosine‐1‐Phosphate‐Induced Th17 Cells Ameliorates Alcohol‐Associated Steatohepatitis in Mice
Authors: Shenghui Chu, Rui Sun, Xuemei Gu, Liang Chen, Min Liu, HaiXun Guo, Songwen Ju, Vatsalya Vatsalya, Wenke Feng, Craig J. McClain, Zhongbin Deng
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Background and Aims Chronic alcohol consumption is accompanied by intestinal inflammation. However, little is known about how alterations to the intestinal immune system and sphingolipids contribute to the pathogenesis of alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD). Approach and Results We used wild‐type mice, retinoid‐related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt)‐deficient mice, sphingosine kinase–deficient mice, and local gut anti‐inflammatory, 5‐aminosalicyclic acid–treated mice in a chronic‐binge ethanol feeding model. Targeted lipidomics assessed the sphingolipids in gut and liver samples. Gut immune cell populations, the amounts of sphingolipids, and the level of liver injury were examined. Alcohol intake induces a pro‐inflammatory shift in immune cell populations in the gut, including an increase in Th17 cells. Using RORγt‐deficient mice, we found that Th17 cells are required for alcohol‐associated gut inflammation and the development of ALD. Treatment with 5‐aminosalicyclic acid decreases alcohol‐induced liver injury and reverses gut inflammation by the suppression of CD4 + /RORγt + /interleukin‐17A + cells. Increased Th17 cells were due to up‐regulation of sphingosine kinase 1 activity and RORγt activation. We found that S1P/S1PR1 signaling is required for the development of Th17 cell–mediated ALD. Importantly, in vivo intervention blocking of S1P/S1PR1 signaling markedly attenuated alcohol‐induced liver inflammation, steatosis, and damage. Conclusions Gut inflammation is a functional alteration of immune cells in ALD. Reducing gut Th17 cells leads to reduced liver damage. S1P signaling was crucial in the pathogenesis of ALD in a Th17 cell–dependent manner. Furthermore, our findings suggest that compounds that reduce gut inflammation locally may represent a unique targeted approach in the treatment of ALD.
Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: S. K. Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the study by a Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on the effects of treatment of hypertensives on morbidity (<b>213</b>:1143, 1970), complications associated with coronary artery diseases (CAD) were essentially the same in control and treated groups, whereas patients with stroke and congestive heart failure were benefited. Although the authors selected persons with an average diastolic blood pressure of 104.7 mm Hg it may still have been too high, after reduction, to benefit patients with CAD, since this condition may be caused by a still lower blood pressure. In a survey now in preparation, out of 14 persons with a recent history of CAD, seven had a diastolic blood pressure below 90 mm Hg. Of a total of 34 instances of cardiac morbidity, 14 occurred in patients with diastolic blood pressure below 90 mm Hg. Cardiac injury can apparently occur at diastolic blood pressure levels between
A phase II Trial of etanercept a recombinant human soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor (p75) fusion protein in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: S Madhusudan, J P Braybrooke, M Forster, S Wilner, C Han, K Kaur, F Balkwill, S Hoare, D C Talbot, T S Ganesan, A L Harris
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2003)
A phase II study of tomudex (T) in combination with epirubicin (E) and cisplatin (C) in patients with advanced oesophageal and gastric (OG) adenocarcinoma.
Authors: H J Mackay, A MacInnes, J Paul, N Raby, F Lofts, M Soukop, A Harris, A McDonald, J Garcia-Vargas, J Evans
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2000)
TWO UNUSUAL ADVERSE EVENTS ASOCIATED WITH EUS-GUIDED CYANOACRYLATE TREATMENT FOR GASTRIC VARICES
Authors: RAZ Mottú, AB Muñoz, OVH Mondragón, RP Cuéllar, JCP Belmontes, EM Pérez
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Gastric varices cause 10-30% of all variceal bleeding and are associated with a high recurrence rate (15%-20%) despite conventional endoscopic treatment with cyanoacrylate injection.
Associations Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cancers in a Large Cohort in China
Authors: Zhenyu Wang, Xinyu Zhao, Shuohua Chen, Yanhong Wang, Liying Cao, Wei Liao, Yuanyuan Sun, Xiaomo Wang, Yuan Zheng, Shouling Wu, Li Wang
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Medical Assistant–Based Care Management for High-Risk Patients in Small Primary Care Practices
Authors: Tobias Freund, Frank Peters-Klimm, Cynthia M. Boyd, Cornelia Mahler, Jochen Gensichen, Antje Erler, Martin Beyer, Matthias Gondan, Justine Rochon, Ferdinand M. Gerlach, Joachim Szecsenyi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Some observers believe that medical assistants in office practice are an underutilized resource. This study examined outpatients with multiple chronic conditions who were likely to be hospitalized ...
ERCP IS MORE CHALLENGING IN CASES OF ACUTE BILIARY PANCREATITIS THAN IN ACUTE CHOLANGITIS - A COHORT ANALYSIS OF THE HUNGARIAN ERCP REGISTRY DATA
Authors: D Pécsi, S Gódi, P Hegyi, L Hanák, I Altorjay, T Bakucz, L Czakó, G Kovács, Á Orbán-Szilágyi, F Pakodi, Á Patai, Z Szepes, T Gyökeres, R Fejes, Z Dubravcsik, Á Vincze
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is recommended in acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) when cholangitis or common bile duct obstruction is present. The inflammation of the pancreas and the surrounding tissues might make the procedure more difficult, however this topic is not widely studied. We compared the outcomes and difficulty of ERCP in ABP and in acute cholangitis (AC) in prospectively collected data of 7 Hungarian tertiary centers.
ADULT OUTPATIENTS’ EXPERIENCES OF UNDERGOING AN ELECTIVE COLONOSCOPY PROCEDURE: A QUALITATIVE EXPLORATIVE INDIVIDUAL INTERVIEW STUDY
Authors: A Rosvall, M Axelsson, E Toth, C Kumlien, MA Gershater
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims ESGE-guidelines recommend evaluation of patients’ experience as an important performance measure of colonoscopy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore how adult outpatients’ experience to undergo a colonoscopy, regarding the time prior to, during and after the procedure.
CLINICAL OUTCOMES AFTER ENDOSCOPIC RESECTION OF AMPULLARY ADENOMAS AND LATERALLY SPREADING AMPULLARY LESIONS: A SINGLE-CENTRE RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: V Papastergiou, A Giannakopoulos, N Mathou, K Glezou, I Stasinos, K Paraskeva
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Endoscopic ampullectomy is a relatively high-risk procedure, increasingly performed for adenomatous lesions of the major duodenal papilla. We aimed to determine the procedural outcomes and recurrence rates after endoscopic resection of ampullary adenomas, including both adenomas confined to the ampulla (ACA) and laterally-spreading ampullary lesions (LSALs).
Beyond Cytokine Storm: Optimizing Treatment Strategies to Target the Complex Interplay between CAR Mediated Inflammatory Response, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and Macrophage Activation Syndrome
Authors: Nirali N Shah, Haneen Shalabi, Bonnie Yates, Eli Kane, Alina Dulau-Florea, Anne Cullinane, Cynthia Delbrook, Michael Ombrello, Amanda Ombrello, Jay Nelson Lozier, Terry J. Fry
Journal: Blood (2017)
Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Ergonovine Echocardiography for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Coronary Vasospasm
Authors: Sang Yong Om, Sang-Yong Yoo, Goo-Yeong Cho, Minsoo Kim, Yeongmin Woo, Sahmin Lee, Dae-Hee Kim, Jong-Min Song, Duk-Hyun Kang, Sang Sig Cheong, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park, Jae-Kwan Song
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)
POST-COLONOSCOPY COLORECTAL CANCERS - SHOULD WE BE ASPIRING TO BETTER TARGETS?
Authors: R Patel, R Kumar, R Khurram, L Hickmott, KM Ang, K Besherdas
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims The British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) have developed quality assurance measures for the delivery of colonoscopy within the UK. One of these includes aspiring to a target of < 5% post-colonoscopy colorectal cancers (PCCRC) at 3 years. We aimed to describe risk factors for missed colorectal cancers.
Studies on the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Joint Inflammation
Authors: Ronald A. Restifo, Andre J. Lussier, Arnold J. Rawson, John H. Rockey, Joseph Lee Hollander
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Excerpt The etiology and pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis are not known. Many studies have described the clinical and pathological characteristics of the disease process. Numerous additional st...
A RARE CASE OF UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING: ISCHEMIC DUODENAL ULCER
Authors: CS Román, D Muñoz-López, A Rodríguez-Sánchez, P Muñoz-Gómez, JD Castro-Limo, G Gigante-Gonzalez-Aleja, C Vicente-Hernández, M Abanades-Tercero
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims H.pylori and chronic NSAID use are the most common causes of duodenal ulcers. Ischemia is an uncommon cause of duodenal ulcers due to its rich vascular supply.
Endoscopic ultrasound-directed transgastrojejunal ERCP: a new technique to treat biliary stricture through the afferent limb after Whipple surgery
Authors: Mohamed Gasmi, Jean-Michel Gonzalez, Marc Barthet
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Biliary drainage in patients with altered anatomy usually requires either percutaneous biliary drainage or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) performed with enteroscopy, so called e-enteroscopy [1]. In a meta-analysis, e-enteroscopy was successful in 70 % of cases, with a mean procedure duration of > 80 minutes [2]. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided antegrade drainage using a previous EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy is the most commonly performed EUS procedure in altered anatomy, with technical and clinical success rates ranging from 85 % to 91.9 % [3] [4]. In cases of bariatric gastric bypass, EUS-directed transgastric ERCP is a technique used to access the excluded stomach after Roux-en-Y- bariatric bypass through gastrogastrostomy with the duodenoscope [1].
STRATEGIC TREATMENT OPTIMIZATION FOR HCV (STOPHCV-1): AN OPEN-LABEL RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF SHORT DURATION THERAPY FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: G Cooke, S Pett, C Jones, R Gilson, S D Ryder, S Verma, J D Collier, Barclay, A Ala, S Bhagani, M Nelson, C Ch'Ng, B Stone, M Wiselka, D Forton, S McPherson, R Halford, E Dennis, F Hudson, L McCabe, E J Barnes, A S Walker
Journal: Hepatology (2019)
HIV, Age, and the Severity of Hepatitis C Virus–Related Liver Disease
Authors: Gregory D. Kirk, Shruti H. Mehta, Jacquie Astemborski, Noya Galai, Jonathan Washington, Yvonne Higgins, Ashwin Balagopal, David L. Thomas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

It has been postulated that HIV infection accelerates hepatitis C virus (HCV)–related liver disease. This cohort study followed persons with HCV infection prospectively to compare the progression o...
SUCCESSFUL RESCUE STRATEGY FOR THE TREATMENT OF A RECURRENT ADENOMA INVOLVING THE ILEOCECAL VALVE
Authors: S Sferrazza, F Vieceli, A Michielan, A Iori, C Tieppo, K Faitini, G Franceschini, E Tasini, G de Pretis
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Methods and results A 60-year-old patient underwent a first colonoscopy at another center on January 2018. A LST-G was detected. The lesion was located near the ileocecal valve, partially involving it. A piece-meal EMR was performed.
ROLE OF ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND IN IDIOPATHIC ACUTE PANCREATITIS
Authors: A Benhamdane, H Seddik, H Boutallaka, S Mrabti, T Addajou, K Loubaris, R Berraide, IEl Koti, A Benkirane
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Acute pancreatitis has no obvious cause after clinical, laboratory and radiologic investigation in 10%-30% of patients.
Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumours
Authors: A. Sevinc, C. Camci, I. Sari, M. E. Kalender, O. Er, I. Soyuer, M. Dikilitas, U. Yılmaz, O. Sagol, A. Alacacioglu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

15643 Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) are the most frequently encountered mesenchymal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract. GIST represents the subgroup of CD-117 (c-kit) positive sarcomas that is originating from the gastrointestinal tract extending to the abdominal cavity. It is known that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression is increased in colorectal adenoma and carcinoma, however there is a limited number of studies in stromal tumours regarding the expression of COX-2. Methods: A total of 42 reconfirmed GIST cases (26 males and 16 females) is included in this study. An immunohistochemical COX-2 staining was performed to all cases in the Pathology Department of Gaziantep University. Results: The mean age of the study population is 56.85 ± 12.90 years (32–77 years). The primary site of GIST is stomach in 50%, small bowel in 35.8%, large bowel in 7.1% and other in 7.1%. We found a statistically significant correlation between the tumor mitosis and COX-2 expression in GIST. However, there was no relationship between COX-2 expression and death rate, presence of metastasis, tumour size, risk staging, usage of tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and complete resection rate. Conclusions: In the light of these findings, the usage of COX-2 inhibitors with or without tyrosine kinase inhibitors in GIST patients may be helpful in the adjuvant setting to prevent or delay recurrences. Moreover, we need more studies to define the status of COX-2 inhibitors in GIST. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
TMPRSS2 and TMPRSS4 promote SARS-CoV-2 infection of human small intestinal enterocytes
Authors: Ruochen Zang, Maria Florencia Gomez Castro, Broc T. McCune, Qiru Zeng, Paul W. Rothlauf, Naomi M. Sonnek, Zhuoming Liu, Kevin F. Brulois, Xin Wang, Harry B. Greenberg, Michael S. Diamond, Matthew A. Ciorba, Sean P. J. Whelan, Siyuan Ding
Journal: Science Immunology (2020)

The SARS-CoV-2 virus infects cultured ACE2-expressing human enterocytes aided by the TMPRSS2 and TMPRSS4 serine proteases.
Use of Prone Positioning in Nonintubated Patients With COVID-19 and Hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure
Authors: Xavier Elharrar, Youssef Trigui, Anne-Marie Dols, François Touchon, Stéphanie Martinez, Eloi Prud’homme, Laurent Papazian
Journal: JAMA (2020)

This case series describes the proportion of awake, nonintubated inpatients with COVID-19 and hypoxemic respiratory failure requiring oxygen supplementation whose Pao2 increased ≥20% with prone positioning, and their respiratory status after resuming supine positioning.