tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TCT-519 Impact of Immediate Coronary Angiography on In-Hospital and Intermediate-Term Survival in Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and No ST-Segment Elevation: Updated Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bhavi Pandya, David Biglari, Nickalaus Gramze, Ligita Centorino, Radha Gopalan, Francisco Arabia, Wilber Su, Anantharam Kalya, Firas Abbas, Nachiket Patel, George Gellert, Viswajit Reddy Anugu, Jonathan Spagnola, Frank Tamburrino, Ruben Kandov, James Lafferty, Martha Gulati, Divya Ratan Verma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Regular, sustained-release morphine for chronic breathlessness: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: David Currow, Sandra Louw, Philip McCloud, Belinda Fazekas, John Plummer, Christine F McDonald, Meera Agar, Katherine Clark, Nikki McCaffery, Magnus Pär Ekström
Journal: Thorax (2019)

Morphine may decrease the intensity of chronic breathlessness but data from a large randomised controlled trial (RCT) are lacking. This first, large, parallel-group trial aimed to test the efficacy and safety of regular, low-dose, sustained-release (SR) morphine compared with placebo for chronic breathlessness.Multisite (14 inpatient and outpatient cardiorespiratory and palliative care services in Australia), parallel-arm, double-blind RCT. Adults with chronic breathlessness (modified Medical Research Council≥2) were randomised to 20 mg daily oral SR morphine and laxative (intervention) or placebo and placebo laxative (control) for 7 days. Both groups could take ≤6 doses of 2.5 mg, 'as needed', immediate-release morphine (≤15 mg/24 hours) as required by the ethics review board. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in intensity of breathlessness now (0-100 mm visual analogue scale; two times per day diary) between groups. Secondary endpoints included: worst, best and average breathlessness; unpleasantness of breathlessness now, fatigue; quality of life; function; and harms.Analysed by intention-to-treat, 284 participants were randomised to morphine (n=145) or placebo (n=139). There was no difference between arms for the primary endpoint (mean difference -0.15 mm (95% CI -4.59 to 4.29; p=0.95)), nor secondary endpoints. The placebo group used more doses of oral morphine solution during the treatment period (mean 8.7 vs 5.8 doses; p=0.001). The morphine group had more constipation and nausea/vomiting. There were no cases of respiratory depression nor obtundation.No differences were observed between arms for breathlessness, but the intervention arm used less rescue immediate-release morphine.ACTRN12609000806268.
Measurable residual disease monitoring in acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22.1): results from the AML Study Group
Authors: Frank G. Rücker, Mridul Agrawal, Andrea Corbacioglu, Daniela Weber, Silke Kapp-Schwoerer, Verena I. Gaidzik, Nikolaus Jahn, Thomas Schroeder, Mohammed Wattad, Michael Lübbert, Elisabeth Koller, Thomas Kindler, Katharina Götze, Mark Ringhoffer, Jörg Westermann, Walter Fiedler, Heinz A. Horst, Richard Greil, Roland Schroers, Karin Mayer, Thomas Heinicke, Jürgen Krauter, Richard F. Schlenk, Felicitas Thol, Michael Heuser, Arnold Ganser, Lars Bullinger, Peter Paschka, Hartmut Döhner, Konstanze Döhner
Journal: Blood (2019)
TCT-599 Exercise Right Heart Catheterization Before and After Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty in Inoperable Patients With Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Christoph Liebetrau, Andreas Rieth, Stefan Guth, Christian Hamm, Eckhard Mayer, Christoph Wiedenroth
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
TCT-665 Experience With Excimer Laser in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Indications, Procedural Characteristics, Complications, and Outcomes in a Large University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Muhammad Jawad Ul Qamar, Kully Sandhu, John Townend, Alexander Zaphiriou, Peter Ludman, Sagar Doshi, Sohail Khan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Pre-Diagnosis Exercise and Cardiovascular Events in Primary Breast Cancer
Authors: Tochi M. Okwuosa, Roberta M. Ray, Andres Palomo, Randi E. Foraker, Lisa Johnson, Electra D. Paskett, Bette Caan, Lee W. Jones
Journal: JACC CardioOncology (2019)

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether pre-diagnosis exercise reduces the risk of subsequent cardiovascular events (CVEs) in women with primary breast cancer.Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading nonmalignant cause of death in patients with cancer, and it is the leading cause of death in women with primary breast cancer who are older than 65 years of age.Using a prospective design, 4,015 patients with confirmed diagnosis of primary breast cancer enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) completed a self-report questionnaire assessing leisure-time physical activity (i.e., exercise) in metabolic equivalent task (MET) hours per week. Age- and multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate associations between pre-diagnosis exercise and new-onset CVEs (i.e., heart failure [HF], myocardial infarction [MI], angina, coronary revascularization, peripheral arterial disease [PAD], carotid artery disease, transient ischemic attack [TIA], stroke, and cardiovascular death).Median follow-up was 12.7 years and 8.2 years for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and CVEs, respectively, with 324 CVEs, including 89 MIs, 49 new diagnoses of HF, and 215 CVD deaths. In multivariable analysis, the incidence of composite CVEs decreased across increasing total MET h/week categories (p = 0.016). Compared with <2.5 MET-hours per week, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59 to 1.09) for 2.5 to <8.6 MET h/week; 0.9 (95% CI: 0.64 to 1.17) for 8.6 to <18 MET h/week; and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.45 to 0.88) for ≥18 MET h/week.Pre-diagnosis exercise exposure is associated with a significant graded reduction in subsequent CVEs in long-term survivors of primary breast cancer.
Association Between Oxidation-Modified Lipoproteins and Coronary Plaque in Psoriasis
Authors: Alexander V. Sorokin, Kazuhiko Kotani, Youssef A. Elnabawi, Amit K. Dey, Aparna P. Sajja, Shingo Yamada, Masashi Ueda, Charlotte L. Harrington, Yvonne Baumer, Justin A. Rodante, Joel M. Gelfand, Marcus Y. Chen, Aditya A. Joshi, Martin P. Playford, Alan T. Remaley, Nehal N. Mehta
Journal: Circulation Research (2018)

Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory skin disease associated with cardiovascular disease and lipid dysfunction. However, traditional lipid parameters have limited prognostic value, whereas assessing oxidation-modified lipids in this inflammatory driven condition may capture additional risk. Recently, a study showed that psoriasis was associated with increased lipid-rich coronary plaques; therefore, investigating potential relationships with oxidation-modified lipids may speed understanding of increased cardiovascular disease in psoriasis.To understand whether oxidation-modified lipids associate with traditional lipid phenotypes, cardiometabolic disease biomarkers, and total coronary plaque, with focus on noncalcified burden (NCB) by coronary computed tomographic angiography in psoriasis.Psoriasis subjects and controls (n=252) had profiling for oxidation-modified LDL (low-density lipoprotein), HDL (high-density lipoprotein), Lp(a) (lipoprotein[a]), cholesterol efflux capacity, lipoprotein particle size and number by NMR spectroscopy, and PON-1 (paraoxonase-1) activity. Blinded coronary computed tomographic angiography coronary artery disease characterization included total burden, NCB, and dense-calcified burden. Compared with healthy volunteers, psoriasis subjects were older (mean age, 50.1), had increased body mass index, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. Psoriasis subjects had increase in oxidized Lp(a), Lp(a), and oxidized HDL (oxHDL; P <0.05 for all) with significant association of oxidized LDL (β=0.10; P=0.020) and oxHDL (β=-0.11; P=0.007) with NCB. Moreover, psoriasis subjects expressed significantly higher PON-1 (kU/µL) activity compared with healthy volunteers (8.55±3.21 versus 6.24±3.82; P=0.01). Finally, psoriasis treatment was associated with a reduction in oxHDL (U/mL; 203.79±88.40 versus 116.36±85.03; P<0.001) and with a concomitant decrease in NCB at 1 year (1.04±0.44 versus 0.95±0.32; P=0.03).Traditional lipids did not capture risk of lipid-rich plaque as assessed by NCB, whereas assaying oxidation-modification of lipids revealed significant association with oxidized LDL and oxHDL. The PON-1 activity was increased in psoriasis suggesting possible compensatory antioxidative effect. Psoriasis treatment was associated with a reduction in oxHDL. These findings support performance of larger studies to understand oxidation-modified lipids in inflammatory states.
IL-33 blockade affects mediators of persistence and exacerbation in a model of chronic airway inflammation
Authors: Jeanne Allinne, George Scott, Wei Keat Lim, Dylan Birchard, Jonas S. Erjefält, Caroline Sandén, Li-Hong Ben, Amit Agrawal, Navneet Kaur, Jee Hae Kim, Vishal Kamat, Wen Fury, Tammy Huang, Neil Stahl, George D. Yancopoulos, Andrew J. Murphy, Matthew A. Sleeman, Jamie M. Orengo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)

BackgroundSevere inflammatory airway diseases are associated with inflammation that does not resolve, leading to structural changes and an overall environment primed for exacerbations.ObjectiveWe sought to identify and inhibit pathways that perpetuate this heightened inflammatory state because this could lead to therapies that allow for a more quiescent lung that is less predisposed to symptoms and exacerbations.MethodsUsing prolonged exposure to house dust mite in mice, we developed a mouse model of persistent and exacerbating airway disease characterized by a mixed inflammatory phenotype.ResultsWe show that lung IL-33 drives inflammation and remodeling beyond the type 2 response classically associated with IL-33 signaling. IL-33 blockade with an IL-33 neutralizing antibody normalized established inflammation and improved remodeling of both the lung epithelium and lung parenchyma. Specifically, IL-33 blockade normalized persisting and exacerbating inflammatory end points, including eosinophilic, neutrophilic, and ST2+CD4+ T-cell infiltration. Importantly, we identified a key role for IL-33 in driving lung remodeling because anti–IL-33 also re-established the presence of ciliated cells over mucus-producing cells and decreased myofibroblast numbers, even in the context of continuous allergen exposure, resulting in improved lung function.ConclusionOverall, this study shows that increased IL-33 levels drive a self-perpetuating amplification loop that maintains the lung in a state of lasting inflammation and remodeled tissue primed for exacerbations. Thus IL-33 blockade might ameliorate symptoms and prevent exacerbations by quelling persistent inflammation and airway remodeling.Graphical abstract
Association of BCG Vaccination in Childhood With Subsequent Cancer Diagnoses
Authors: Nicholas T. Usher, Suyoung Chang, Robin S. Howard, Adriana Martinez, Lee H. Harrison, Mathuram Santosham, Naomi E. Aronson
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> The BCG vaccine is currently the only approved tuberculosis vaccine and is widely administered worldwide, usually during infancy. Previous studies found increased rates of lymphoma and leukemia in BCG-vaccinated populations. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether BCG vaccination was associated with cancer rates in a secondary analysis of a BCG vaccine trial. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Retrospective review (60-year follow-up) of a clinical trial in which participants were assigned to the vaccine group by systematic stratification by school district, age, and sex, then randomized by alternation. The original study was conducted at 9 sites in 5 US states between December 1935 and December 1998. Participants were 2963 American Indian and Alaska Native schoolchildren younger than 20 years with no evidence of previous tuberculosis infection. Statistical analysis was conducted between August 2018 and July 2019. <h3>Interventions</h3> Single intradermal injection of either BCG vaccine or saline placebo. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The primary outcome was diagnosis of cancer after BCG vaccination. Data on participant interval health and risk factors, including smoking, tuberculosis infection, isoniazid use, and other basic demographic information, were also collected. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 2963 participants, including 1540 in the BCG vaccine group and 1423 in the placebo group, remained after exclusions. Vaccination occurred at a median (interquartile range) age of 8 (5-11) years; 805 participants (52%) in the BCG group and 710 (50%) in the placebo group were female. At the time of follow-up, 97 participants (7%) in the placebo group and 106 participants (7%) in the BCG vaccine group could not be located; total mortality was 633 participants (44%) in the placebo group and 632 participants (41%) in the BCG group. The overall rate of cancer diagnosis was not significantly different in BCG vaccine vs placebo recipients (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.66-1.02), including for lymphoma and leukemia. The rate of lung cancer was significantly lower in BCG vs placebo recipients (18.2 vs 45.4 cases per 100 000 person-years; hazard ratio, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.20-0.74;<i>P</i> = .005), controlling for sex, region, alcohol overuse, smoking, and tuberculosis. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Childhood BCG vaccination was associated with a lower risk of lung cancer development in American Indian and Alaska Native populations. This finding has potentially important health implications given the high mortality rate associated with lung cancer and the availability of low-cost BCG vaccines.
Association of Seropositivity to <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> With the Risk of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Functional Decline in Older Adults
Authors: Virgilio Hernández Ruiz, Arlette Edjolo, Claire Roubaud-Baudron, Benoît Jaulhac, José-Alberto Avila-Funes, Jean-François Dartigues, Hélène Amieva, Karine Pérès
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2019)

Exposure to Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) has been reported to be associated with certain neuropsychiatric disorders.To establish the association between seropositivity to Bb and incidental neuropsychiatric disorders (eg, cognitive decline, incident dementia, and depressive symptoms) as well as functional decline.This prospective, 6-year follow-up cohort study was conducted in a rural southwestern region of France and included 689 retired farmers 65 years or older randomly recruited from the Farmer Health Insurance System who agreed to submit a blood sample and were participants in the Aging Multidisciplinary Investigation study, an ongoing epidemiological prospective study of aging initiated in 2007. The data were analyzed from April to May 2019.Borrelia burgdorferi serology testing was performed in a 2-tiered approach. During the follow-up period, cognitive decline, incident dementia, depressive symptoms, and functional decline were repeatedly assessed.Diagnosis of dementia relied on a 3-step procedure; cognitive decline was determined using the Mini-Mental State Examination and depressive symptomatology was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. For disability, scores on instrumental and basic activities of daily living were investigated.Of 689 participants, 432 (62.2%) were men and the mean (SD) age was 75.8 (6.4) years. The seroprevalence rate of Bb was 6.5%. At baseline, compared with Bb- participants, those who were Bb+ were older, predominantly men, and had lower depressive symptoms. No association between seropositivity and any of the studied outcomes (ie, cognitive decline, depressive symptoms, or functional decline) was found in the crude analysis and after adjusting for confounding variables. Regarding incident dementia, no increased risk was found among Bb+ participants (hazard ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.1-1.17; adjusted for diverse confounders).To our knowledge, this is one of the few longitudinal studies exploring the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders and functional decline associated with exposure to Bb. Despite its limitations (eg, a lack of information if clinical manifestations of Lyme borreliosis existed, date of exposure, or treatment received), this study suggests that seropositivity to Bb is not a risk factor for incidental neuropsychiatric disorders and functional decline.
Playing golf and risk of breast cancer
Authors: Jane A. McElroy, Patrick L. Remington, Amy Trentham-Dietz, Marty S. Kanarek, Stephanie A. Robert, John M. Hampton, Polly A. Newcomb
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

1093  Exposure to exogenous estrogenic chemicals has been suggested to increase the risk of hormone-dependent cancers. The relation between exposure to such chemicals while playing golf (such as phenoxyacetic acid herbicides used to treat golf course turf) and breast cancer incidence was examined as part of a population-based case-control study. Breast cancer cases 20-69 years of age and diagnosed in 2000-2002 were identified from the statewide Wisconsin cancer registry (n=1,665). Female controls of similar age were randomly selected from population lists (n=1,751). Information about playing golf and breast cancer risk factors were obtained through structured telephone interviews approximately one year after diagnosis. Cases (17%) were more likely to play golf than controls (14%). Odds ratios were estimated using logistic regression and adjusted for age, body mass index, education, family history of cancer, menopausal status, alcohol consumption, parity, age at first full term pregnancy, recent recreational physical activity, and age at menopause. Women who played golf in the recent past had an increased risk of breast cancer (odds ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence interval 1.01 –1.50). Frequency of playing golf was not associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (p-value for trend = 0.52). Further spatial analysis linking golf course proximity to study participants’ geocoded residences will be added. The results from this ongoing study suggested a positive association between playing golf and breast cancer risk similar in magnitude to other suspected risk factors.
No deal Brexit: more work needed to protect health supplies, spending watchdog warns
Authors: Adrian O’Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Despite its preparations, the government still has much work to do to ensure that the UK avoids shortages of supplies for the health and care sectors in the event of a no deal Brexit.

For its latest report the National Audit Office reviewed work by the Department of Health and Social Care to make sure the UK had a steady flow of supplies for the health and social care sector after Brexit. The NAO said that there was a risk of delays to supplies if the UK left the EU without a deal and that although the government had done a lot to manage this risk, there was “still significant work to be done.”

This work included better understanding of just how prepared suppliers were, putting in place sufficient freight capacity to carry high …
Disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis with artemisinin unravels anti-angiogenesis effects via auto-paracrine mechanisms
Authors: Kuan-Hao Tsui, Meng-Yu Wu, Li-Te Lin, Zhi-Hong Wen, Yi-Han Li, Pei-Yi Chu, Chia-Jung Li
Journal: Theranostics (2019)

Rationale: Tumor angiogenesis promotes tumor development, progression, growth, and metastasis. Metronomic chemotherapy involves the frequent administration of low-dose chemotherapeutic agents to block angiogenic activity and reduce side effects. Methods: MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with various concentrations of artemisinin (ART) and vinorelbine (NVB) and the cytotoxic effects of ART/NVB were determined using the CCK-8 assay. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) and mass were assessed using MitoSOX, TMRE and MitoTracker green staining. Western blot analysis was used to quantify the expression of autophagy-related proteins. Herein, by using bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification, we identified CREB as a master in MDA-MB-231 cells. Results: We found that artemisinin (ART), which exhibits anti-angiogenic and anti-cancer effects via mitochondrial regulation, synergized with vinorelbine (NVB) to inhibit MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation. ART and NVB cooperated to regulate mitochondrial biogenesis. CREB acted as a crucial regulator of PGC1α and VEGF, which played critical roles in NVB-dependent growth factor depletion. Moreover, CREB suppression significantly reversed mitochondrial dysfunction following ART/NVB co-treatment. In addition, combination treatment with ART and NVB significantly suppressed tumor growth in a nude mouse xenograft model, with downregulated CREB and PGC1α expression levels observed in tumor biopsies, in agreement with our in vitro and ex vivo data. Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that ART affects cancer and endothelial cells by targeting the auto-paracrine effects of VEGF to suppress mitochondrial biogenesis, angiogenesis, and migration between cancer cells and endothelial cells.
Acquired BRAF V600E Mutation Mediated Resistance to Osimertinib and Responded to Osimertinib, Dabrafenib, and Trametinib Combination Therapy
Authors: Yihua Huang, Jiadi Gan, Kunbin Guo, Yangyang Deng, Wenfeng Fang
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2019)
Absence of Interleukin-6 Protects Murine Bone Marrow Erythropoiesis Under Inflammation, in a Process Reversible By Iron Mediated Reactive Oxygen Species Upregulation
Authors: Ritama Gupta, Roberta Chessa, La Ping, Vania Lo Presti, Sara Gardenghi, Stefano Rivella
Journal: Blood (2017)
TCT-693 Aortic Valve Calcification Volumes and Chronic Brain Infarctions in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Wieneke Vlastra, Thomas van den Boogert, Thomas Krommenhoek, Anne-Sophie Bronzwaer, Hakim Achterberg, Esther Bron, Charles Majoie, Jan Baan, Jan Piek, Nils Planken, Jose P.S. Henriques, Ronak Delewi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
TCT-562 Target Lesion Revascularization After Percutaneous Revascularization of Lower Limb Arteries
Authors: Gerardo Nau, Luis Falcones Zamora, Ezequiel Zaidel, Carlos Giuliani, Alvaro Etchepare, Matias Sztejfman, Carlos Sztejfman, Marcelo Bettinotti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Sharing the Care—A Patient and Her Caregivers
Authors: Madeline R. Sterling, Amy L. Shaw
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

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TCT-479 Transfemoral Aortic Valve Implantation Using Self-Expanding New Valve Technology Allegra Bioprosthesis: Short- and Long-Term Results
Authors: Dariusz Jagielak, Aleksandra Stanska, Andrzej Klapkowski, Marcin Fijałkowski, Jadwiga Fijałkowska, Joanna Milan, Dariusz Ciećwierz, Miłosz Jaguszewski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)