AB0147 RESEARCH PROGRESS OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL-DERIVEDMICROVESICLES BY DELIVERING MICRORNA IN RHEUMATIC DISEASES
Authors: Na Zhang, Liyun Zhang, Gailian Zhang, Jin-Fang Gao, MA Dan, LI Juan, Ke Xu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Background:</h3> Recently, studies have shown that Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Microvesicles(MSC-MVs) can play a role in immune regulation and tissue repair by transporting miRNAs, and their effects are not weaker than that of their mother stem cells. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic synovitis and progressive cartilage and bone destruction. Current treatments include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, DMARDs, and biological agents, but 30% of patients with rheumatism are ineffective, so there is an urgent need to find a new treatment. <h3>Objectives:</h3> To review the research progress of MSC-MVs by delivering microRNA(miRNA) in rheumatic diseases. <h3>Methods:</h3> Literatures were searched by using MSC-MVs, autoimmune diseases and miRNA as keywords. <h3>Results:</h3> In the field of rheumatology, Chen C showed that after MSCT transplantation, mir-151-5p was transferred through exosomes to damaged bone marrow MSC of systemic sclerosis(SSc) mice, and the activation of IL4R/mTOR pathway was down-regulated to improve the osteoporosis of SSc mice <sup>[1]</sup>.Exosomes of human synovial mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing miR-140-5p promoted cartilage regeneration and prevented OA in rat models <sup>[2]</sup>.In the field of autoimmune deseases, Chen L et al. demonstrated that BMSC-derived exosomes containing miR-223 play a important role in liver protection by down-regulating NLRP3 (nod-like receptor family protein) and caspase-1 (caspase-1) in the experimental model of autoimmune hepatitis<sup>[3]</sup>.Human BMSC-derived exosomes transfected with siFas and anti-mir-375 plasmids down-regulated Fas and miR-375 in human NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice, thereby protecting islet function and inhibiting immune rejection in islet transplantation <sup>[4]</sup>. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> MiRNA targeting therapy with MSC-MVs as vector or the construction of MSC-MVs with overexpression of protective miRNA will provide new, accurate and promising treatment strategies for multiple rheumatic diseases. <h3>References</h3> [1] Chen, C., et al.Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in tight-skin mice identifies miR-151-5p as a therapeutic target for systemic sclerosis. Cell Res, 2017. 27(4): p. 559-577. DOI:10.1038/cr.2017.11. [2] Tao S, C, Yuan T, Zhang Y. L,et al.Exosomes derived from miR-140-5p-overexpressing human synovial mesenchymal stem cells enhance cartilage tissue regeneration and prevent osteoarthritis of the knee in a rat model. Theranostics, 2017. 7(1): p.180-195. [3] Chen L, et al. BMSCs-derived miR-223-containing exosomes contribute to liver protection in experimental autoimmune hepatitis. Mol Immunol, 2018. 93: p.38-46. DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2017.11.008. [4] Wen D, Peng Y, Liu D, et al.Mesenchymal stem cell and derived exosome as small RNA carrier and Immunomodulator to improve islet transplantation. J Control Release, 2016. 238: p.166-175.DOI:10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.07.044 <h3>Acknowledgement:</h3> I confirm that there is no conflict of interest <h3>Disclosure of Interests:</h3> Na Zhang: None declared, Liyun Zhang: None declared, Gailian Zhang: None declared, Jin-Fang Gao Employee of: Shanxi Dayi Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Dan Ma: None declared, Juan Li: None declared, Ke Xu: None declared