tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0462 INTEREST OF FOLLOW-UP IMAGING EXAMINATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH PYOGENIC VERTEBRAL OSTEOMYELITIS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Sophie Hecquet, Kevin Bouiller, Frank Verhoeven, Clément Prati, Daniel Wendling, Catherine Chirouze
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Background:</h3> Systematic follow-up imaging in patients with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (PVO) is widespread. However, it is discussed, and there is no recommendation. <h3>Objectives:</h3> Evaluate the interest of follow-up imaging examinations in patients with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis <h3>Methods:</h3> We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with PVO who had both baseline and follow-up imaging results available in a French university hospital during the period of 2010-2018. We have classified the follow-up images into two groups, improvement/stability and deterioration, compared with the baseline findings. For each patient, we compared their imaging follow-up to their clinical-biological condition assessed at the same time. <h3>Results:</h3> We have collected 80 patients. The median age was 71 years [32-89], 46 men, 13 patients had a history of spinal surgery. The most frequently reported germ was methicillin-sensitive staphylococci and the level of spinal involvement was predominantly lumbar. A Computerized Tomography (CT) was performed in 64% and a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in 85% at the time of diagnosis. We identified 89 follow-up images, 58 MRIs, 31 CTs. The median delay of realisation was 85 days [11-364]. Soft tissue infiltration was observed in 50 patients compared to 26 on follow-up images but 3 were new. Similarly, 24% of the initial images had epiduritis compared to 16% during follow-up, 3% had appeared secondarily. There were 12% initial erosions described compared to 25% at follow-up. Of the 33 patients with clinical and biological recovery, 67% of follow-up images were classified as improving/stable and 33% as worsening (new abscesses (n=3), extension of soft tissue infiltration (n=2) and/or epiduritis (n=2) or appearance of new locations (n=2)). Among the 37 patients considered as unhealed, 87% of follow-up images were classified as improving/stable and 13% as worsening (new abscesses (n=1), extension of soft tissue infiltration (n=1) and/or epiduritis (n=1) or appearance of new locations (n=1)). <h3>Conclusion:</h3> Our study showed that there was no correlation between the clinical condition of patients and their follow-up imaging in the context of PVO. Clinical and biological evaluation seems sufficient to determine whether or not the patient is cured. Many images are made during the follow-up with a questionable cost/effectiveness ratio. A standard radiograph may be sufficient to provide a basic structural condition at the end of antibiotic therapy. <h3>Disclosure of Interests:</h3> None declared
V211D Mutation in MEK1 Causes Resistance to MEK Inhibitors in Colon Cancer
Authors: Yijun Gao, Ann Maria, Na Na, Arnaud da Cruz Paula, Alexander N. Gorelick, Jaclyn F. Hechtman, Julianne Carson, Robert A. Lefkowitz, Britta Weigelt, Barry S. Taylor, HuiYong Zhao, Jorge S. Reis-Filho, Elisa de Stanchina, Neal Rosen, Zhan Yao, Rona Yaeger
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2019)

Abstract We report the emergence of the novel MEK1V211D gatekeeper mutation in a patient with BRAFK601E colon cancer treated with the allosteric MEK inhibitor binimetinib and the anti-EGFR antibody panitumumab. The MEK1V211D mutation concurrently occurs in the same cell with BRAFK601E and leads to RAF-independent activity but remains regulated by RAF. The V211D mutation causes resistance to binimetinib by both increasing the catalytic activity of MEK1 and reducing its affinity for the drug. Moreover, the mutant exhibits reduced sensitivity to all the allosteric MEK inhibitors tested. Thus, this mutation serves as a general resistance mutation for current MEK inhibitors; however, it is sensitive to a newly reported ATP-competitive MEK inhibitor, which therefore could be used to overcome drug resistance. Significance: We report a resistance mechanism to allosteric MEK inhibitors in the clinic. A MEK1V211D mutation developed in a patient with BRAFK601E colon cancer on MEK and EGFR inhibitors. This mutant increases the catalytic activity of MEK1 and reduces its affinity for binimetinib, but remains sensitive to ATP-competitive MEK inhibitors. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1143
Time for Changes in the Surgical Community—Promoting Professionalism as #MeToo 2.0
Authors: Leonid V. Emerel, Tara Kent, Danny Chu
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Abstract 19272: Risk Factors and Prediction of Stroke in a Population With High Prevalence of Diabetes: The Strong Heart Study
Authors: Wenyu Wang, Ying Zhang, Elisa T Lee, Barbara V Howard, Shelley A Cole, Lyle G Best, Thomas K Welty, Everett Rhoades, Jeunliang Yeh, Tauqeer Ali, Jorge R Kizer, Hooman Kamel, Nawar Shara, David O Wiebers, Richard B Devereux
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: American Indians have a high prevalence of diabetes and higher incidence of stroke than that of African Americans or Whites in the U.S. The identification of risk factors and developm...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and risk of death and exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an observational cohort study of 22 053 patients
Authors: J. Eklöf, R. Sørensen, T.S. Ingebrigtsen, P. Sivapalan, I. Achir, J.B. Boel, J. Bangsborg, C. Ostergaard, R.B. Dessau, U.S. Jensen, A. Browatzki, T.S. Lapperre, J. Janner, U.M. Weinreich, K. Armbruster, T. Wilcke, N. Seersholm, J.U.S. Jensen
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2019)

The role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the long-term prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether P. aeruginosa is associated with increased risk of exacerbations or death in patients with COPD.This is a multiregional epidemiological study based on complete data on COPD outpatients between 1 January 2010 and 31 October 2017 and corresponding microbiology and national register data. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models and propensity matching was used to estimate hospitalization-demanding exacerbations and death after 2 years, separately and in combination.A total of 22 053 COPD outpatients were followed for a median of 1082 days (interquartile-range: 427-1862). P. aeruginosa was present in 905 (4.1%) patients. During 730 days of follow-up, P. aeruginosa strongly and independently predicted an increased risk of hospitalization for exacerbation or all-cause death (HR 2.8, 95%CI 2.2-3.6; p <0.0001) and all-cause death (HR 2.7, 95%CI 2.3-3.4; p <0.0001) in analyses adjusted for known and suspected confounders. The signal remained unchanged in unadjusted analyses as well as propensity-matched subgroup analyses. Among patients 'ever colonized' with P. aeruginosa, the incidence of hospital-demanding exacerbations doubled after the time of the first colonization.COPD patients in whom P. aeruginosa can be cultured from the airways had a markedly increased risk of exacerbations and death. It is still not clear whether this risk can be reduced by offering patients targeted antipseudomonal antibiotics. A randomized trial is currently recruiting patients to clarify this (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03262142).
PB2446 A STUDY OF TRANSFUSION RELATED ADVERSE EVENTS IN FAYOUM UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS, EGYPT: HEMOVIGILENCE INITIATIVE
Authors: G. Ezzat, A. Abdelrazik, S. Elshafei, M. Mansour Abbas, S. Abou El Hassan
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Background: Hemovigilance is an adverse reaction monitoring system to improve the safety and quality of blood transfusion. Identification of the adverse reactions and their risk factors would help in taking appropriate steps to reduce their incidence. Aims: To identify the transfusion related adverse events and their rates for benchmarking purposes in Fayoum University Hospitals (FUH) for implementation of the hemovigilance system. Methods: The study was conducted in FUH, from May 2016 to April 2017. All patients receiving transfusion therapy and all blood donors were included. All the adverse events related to transfusion of blood and blood products were recorded. Results: A total of 8687 blood components were issued to 3292 recipients from 8300 donors. Ninety Nine donor reactions were reported, with a rate of (1.19%), vasovagal attacks being the most common complication (91.8 %). Thirty Six (1.09 %) recipients adverse reactions were reported to the blood bank. The most common reaction observed in recipients was allergic reaction (47.2%) followed by febrile non‐ hemolytic transfusion reaction (36.1%). Summary/Conclusion: Data related to adverse transfusion reactions in developing countries for benchmarking purposes are rare in literature. The use of transfusion related adverse reactions to build the hemovigilance system facilitates its development and allows areas requiring improvement to be tracked and identified.
Abstract 152: Tri-Dimentional Fusion Image of Multidetector 64-Slice-Computed Tomography and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography enables us to Evaluate Complicated Hemodynamics in Patients with Coronary Artery Lesions after Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Masanori Abe, Makoto Watanabe, Ryuji Fukazawa, Shunichi Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: An important complication of Kawasaki disease (KD) is myocardial ischemia and acute myocardial infarction which occurs by thrombosis in coronary aneurysms and severe stenosis. The most characteristic features of coronary artery lesions (CALs) are dilation or aneurysm in acute stage and stenosis after convalescence stage. As these lesions exist singly or multiply in one coronary branch or multiple branches, coronary hemodynamics can be complicated. Ordinal methods have less potential for detection of these diseased states. Recently, Fusion imaging from coronary CT angiography (CTA) /SPECT has been thought good method for evaluation of location and severity of myocardial damages in adults. Therefore, we evaluate CALs, ischemia, and infarction after KD by Fusion imaging. Patients and Method: Seventeen patients (16 males and 1 female, age10 to 34 y) were subject. Eight patients had coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). These tests were performed 8 to 30 years after onset of KD. CTA are performed by 64-slice-CT (LightSpeed VCT:GE Healthcare) ,and SPECT (Infinia:GE) by Tc-tetrofosmin was performed at rest and at stress after infusing adenosine. CTA and SPECT images were fused by the software (CardIQ Fusion:GE). Results and findings: In all cases, we had enough good images to detect the location of CALs and the area of ischemia. 1) Fusion images showed that no patient had significant stenotic findings at the anastomosis of bypass-graft at least several years after CABG. 2) Coronary native small branches arose from giant aneurysm were occluded by thrombosis and sub-aneurysmal lesions were infracted which were not detected by ordinal method. 3) Minimum sized myocardial ischemic lesions along to the normal visual epicardial coronary artery were detected and were suspected the existence of abnormal micro-coronary circulation caused by fibrous plaque or micro-thrombosis. 4) Collateral arteries at the stenotic and/or occluded lesions with or without ischemia were clearly detected by Fusion method. conclusion: Fusion images can visualize morphologically and functionally complicated CALs, myocardial ischemia ,and myocardial infarction after KD. Also, we can realize that peripheral coronary vessels are damaged with myocardial ischemia.
Abstract 17813: Baroreflex Failure Increases the Variability of Left Atrial Pressure and Predisposes to Acute Pulmonary Edema in Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Kiyokazu Abe, Keita Saku, Hiroshi Mannoji, Kazuhiro Kamada, Takeshi Tohyama, Kazuya Hosokawa, Takuya Kishi, Sumio Hoka, Kenji Sunagawa, Hiroyuki Tsutsui
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Baroreflex regulates arterial pressure (AP) via controlling sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). Baroreflex-controlled SNA is a powerful regulator of stressed blood volume, which, in turn,...
Polyethylene glycol bowel preparation does not eliminate the risk of acute renal failure: a population-based case-crossover study
Authors: N. Choi, J. Lee, Y. Chang, S. Jung, Y. Kim, S. Lee, J. Lee, J. Kim, H. Song, B. Park
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Correction to: Polyethylene glycol bowel preparation does not eliminate the risk of acute renal failure: a population-based case-crossover studyEndoscopy 2013; 45(03): 208-213DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1326031
SAT0360 REMISSION IN PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS: DEFINITION AND PREDICTORS
Authors: Samar Al Harbi, Ker-Ai Lee, Vinod Chandran, Richard Cook, Dafna D. Gladman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Background:</h3> No validated definition of remission exists for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) to date. We previously identified 17.6% of our patients as having remission (no actively inflamed joints for 12 months). However, we did not take into account the other domains of the disease. <h3>Objectives:</h3> We aimed to test the concept of remission as the absence of disease manifestations in PsA, determine the frequency of remission in our PsA cohort, and identify predictors for remission. <h3>Methods:</h3> PsA patients followed between 2000 and 2015 were included. Patients are assessed at 6- to 12-month intervals according to a standard protocol, which includes the information necessary for minimal disease activity (MDA) assessment. Remission was defined as a visit that patients had no tender or swollen joints, no inflammatory back pain, no tender entheseal sites, minimal skin involvement with BSA&lt;1%, patient pain on visual analog scale (VAS) score of &lt;15, patient global disease activity VAS score of &lt;20, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score &lt;0.5. We used imputation to determine remission status for each patient and did a sensitivity analysis including only visits with all information available. We fit a Weibull regression model with interval/right censored and left truncated data adjusted for sex and disease duration at baseline. Both multivariable full model and reduced model with Hazard Ratio (HR), 95% confidence interval (CI) estimates, and p-value are provided in Table1. <h3>Results:</h3> 985 patients (57% males, mean age 47.4 yrs Table) were included. Using imputation 175 (18.2%) patients had remission at least once and 107 (10.9%) achieved sustained remission. In the sensitivity analysis, 109 (10.9%) patients achieved remission at least once, and 48 (4.9%) sustained remission for 2 consecutive visits. Using baseline variables with imputation, only BMI was significant and lowered the chance of remission. In the sensitivity analysis no baseline variables were significant. Using a model with time varying covariates higher BMI lowered the chance of remission, while use of biologics increases the chance of remission. Similar results were obtained with the sensitivity analysis. Only biologics predicted sustained remission. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> We defined remission as a state of no clinical activity. Remission occurred in 18% of patients with PsA at least once and was sustained in 11%. High BMI reduced and use of biologic agents increased the chance of sustained remission. <h3>Disclosure of Interests:</h3> Samar Al Harbi: None declared, Ker-Ai Lee: None declared, Vinod Chandran: None declared, Richard Cook: None declared, Dafna D Gladman Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB, Consultant for: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB
PB2079 INCIDENCE OF MBL AT MDS DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Authors: V. Pardalis, M. Dimou, T. Iliakis, A. Bitsani, P. Papaioannou, A. Koudouna, S. Kalyva, A. Markopoulos, I. Grafakos, M.‐C. Kyrtsonis, P. Panagiotidis
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Background: Monoclonal B lymphocytosis (MBL) which is characterized as asymptomatic monoclonal expansion of&lt; 5 × 10 9 /L circulating B cells has been reported in 5.5% of adults &gt; 65 years of age in the general population (Ghia P et al. Blood 2004). MBL can have the immunophenotype of CLL (CD5+, CD23 + )‐CLL like, however less than 20% have non‐CLL phenotype (CD5‐, CD23‐). They rarely progress to CLL or lymphoma and do not require treatment (Xocheli A et al. Blood 2014). Coexistence of MBL and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is a known phenomenon (Cauwalier et al. Leuk Lymphoma 2002); however the true incidence and the clinical impact of this phenomenon is poorly studied. Aims: We analysed the incidence of concurrent diagnosis of MBL and MDS in the whole cohort of newly diagnosed MDS patients (pts), who referred at our centre between 1/2014 and 1/2019. Methods We retrospectively collected data from all the newly diagnosed MDS pts in our centre between 1/1/2014 and 2/1/2019. In particular, we focused on patients’ demographics (gender, age), MDS risk category, incidence of random detection of an MBL population either with immunophenotype or immunohistochemistry in bone marrow and/or peripheral blood and treatment data. Results: Eighty one pts were referred and diagnosed with MDS in our centre during the aforementioned period: 23 female and 52 male with median age of 76 years (range 44‐92), 23 (28.4%) low, 33 (48,1%) Intermediate‐1, 17 (21%) Intermediate‐2 and 2 (2.5%) high IPSS risk score. In 7 (8.6%) pts concurrent MDS and MBL was found. In 4 (4.9%) pts an MBL CLL‐like population and in 3 (3.7%) a non‐CLL‐like population was detected. Six of these 7 pts were treated for MDS: 4 with azacytidine, one with lenalidomide (del 5q MDS) and 1 with danazol. One of those pts was diagnosed with Diffuse Large B cell Lymphoma of peritoneal cavity 15 months after the initiation of azacytidine for MDS and he died after 2 cycles of R‐CHOP regimen. MDS status at the time of death was partial response. No evolution of MBL was presented in the other 6 patients. Summary/Conclusion: Coincidence of MBL in MDS patients in our centre was 8.6%, which is higher than the reported rate for the general population of the same age (5.5%). Despite the fact that in only one patient with MDS, MBL transformed to DLBCL, question between the relationship of MDS and MBL still remains. Issues like impact of MDS therapy to the possibility of transformation of MBL to aggressive B cell lymphomas and relationship between age and coexistence of MBL in MDS patients have to be further elucidated.
Adoption of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis in Clinical Practice
Authors: Ilana B. Richman, Jessica R. Hoag, Xiao Xu, Howard P. Forman, Regina Hooley, Susan H. Busch, Cary P. Gross
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

This study uses administrative claims from an insurance database to examine adoption of digital breast tomosynthesis for cancer screening and describe regional patterns and sociodemographic characteristics associated with its use.
Ilamycin C induces apoptosis and inhibits migration and invasion in triple-negative breast cancer by suppressing IL-6/STAT3 pathway
Authors: Qing Xie, Zhijie Yang, Xuanmei Huang, Zikang Zhang, Jiangbin Li, Jianhua Ju, Hua Zhang, Junying Ma
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2019)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer with poor prognosis, and its treatment remains a challenge due to few targeted medicines and high risk of relapse, metastasis, and drug resistance. Thus, more effective drugs and new regimens for the therapy of TNBC are urgently needed. Ilamycins are a kind of cyclic peptides and produced by Streptomyces atratus and Streptomyces islandicus with effective anti-tuberculosis activity. Ilamycin C is a novel compound isolated from the deep South China Sea-derived Streptomyces atratus SCSIO ZH16 and exhibited a strong cytotoxic activity against several cancers including breast cancer cell line MCF7. However, the cytotoxic activity of Ilamycin C to TNBC cells and a detailed antitumor mechanism have not been reported. CCK-8 assays were used to examine cell viability and cytotoxic activity of Ilamycin C to TNBC, non-TNBC MCF7, and nonmalignant MCF10A cells. EdU assays and flow cytometry were performed to assess cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. Transwell migration and Matrigel invasion assays were utilized to assess the migratory and invading capacity of TNBC cells following the treatment of Ilamycin C. The expressions of proteins were detected by western blot. In this study, we found that Ilamycin C has more preferential cytotoxicity in TNBC cells than non-TNBC MCF7 and nonmalignant MCF10A cells. Notably, our studies revealed the mechanism that Ilamycin C can induce Bax/Bcl-2-related caspase-dependent apoptosis and inhibit migration and invasion through MMP2/MMP9/vimentin/fascin in TNBC by suppressing IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. This study provides the first evidence that Ilamycin C has significant implications for the potential as a novel IL-6/STAT3 inhibitor for TNBC treatment in the future.
Adaptively introgressed Neandertal haplotype at the OAS locus functionally impacts innate immune responses in humans
Authors: Aaron J. Sams, Anne Dumaine, Yohann Nédélec, Vania Yotova, Carolina Alfieri, Jerome E. Tanner, Philipp W. Messer, Luis B. Barreiro
Journal: Genome biology (2016)

The 2’-5’ oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) locus encodes for three OAS enzymes (OAS1-3) involved in innate immune response. This region harbors high amounts of Neandertal ancestry in non-African populations; yet, strong evidence of positive selection in the OAS region is still lacking. Here we used a broad array of selection tests in concert with neutral coalescent simulations to demonstrate a signal of adaptive introgression at the OAS locus. Furthermore, we characterized the functional consequences of the Neandertal haplotype in the transcriptional regulation of OAS genes at baseline and infected conditions. We found that cells from people with the Neandertal-like haplotype express lower levels of OAS3 upon infection, as well as distinct isoforms of OAS1 and OAS2. We present evidence that a Neandertal haplotype at the OAS locus was subjected to positive selection in the human population. This haplotype is significantly associated with functional consequences at the level of transcriptional regulation of innate immune responses. Notably, we suggest that the Neandertal-introgressed haplotype likely reintroduced an ancestral splice variant of OAS1 encoding a more active protein, suggesting that adaptive introgression occurred as a means to resurrect adaptive variation that had been lost outside Africa.