tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
3D printed intelligent scaffold prevents recurrence and distal metastasis of breast cancer
Authors: Xuelei Shi, Yanxiang Cheng, Jian Wang, Haoxiang Chen, Xiaocheng Wang, Xinghuan Li, Weihong Tan, Zhikai Tan
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Rationale: Tumors are commonly treated by resection, which usually leads to massive hemorrhage and tumor cell residues, thereby increasing the risk of local recurrence and distant metastasis. Methods: Herein, an intelligent 3D-printed poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), gelatin, and chitosan scaffold loaded with anti-cancer drugs was prepared that showed hemostatic function and good pH sensitivity. Results: Following in situ implantation in wounds, the scaffolds absorbed hemorrhage and cell residues after surgery, and promoted wound healing. In an in vivo environment, the scaffold responded to the slightly acidic environment of the tumor to undergo sustained drug release to significantly inhibit the recurrence and growth of the tumor, and reduced drug toxicity, all without causing damage to healthy tissues and with good biocompatibility. Conclusions: The multifunctional intelligent scaffold represents an excellent treatment modality for breast cancer following resection, and provides great potential for efficient cancer therapy.
FRI0194 Central nervous system involvement in patients with systemic sclerosis: electroencephalographic study
Authors: PJ Kotyla, B Sliwinska-Kotyla, EJ Kucharz, L Brzezinska-Wcislo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Central nervous system is rare affected in patients with systemic sclerosis. Subtle, very often non-specific symptoms and signs of the brain involvement in the patients were reported. <h3>Objectives</h3> The present study was designed to detect and correlate electroencephalographic changes and to correlate them with the other neuro-psychiatric findings in patients with SSc. <h3>Methods</h3> The study was performed in 12 SSc patients (11 women and 1 man). A routine 16-leads electroencephalograpic records were performed in the patients in morning hours after at least 8 h night rest. The patients underwent the following procedures during EEG examination: hyperpnea, intermittent photic stimulation (stroboscope light at 10 min at 10 to 30 Hz) EEG alteration were classified on the base of following criteria: generalised slow activity (4–6 Hz), and presence of sharp waves, theta (4–6Hz) delta (2–3 Hz). Focal alterations which fulfil the mentioned criteria were detected wit the special attention. In addition every patient underwent The routine neurologic examination was performed in every patients. <h3>Results</h3> We recorded alpha rhythm of 9–11 Hz frequency and 20–100 uV amplitude as a basic rhythm in every patients. Nine patients showed no EEG abnormalities. In 5 patients we observed, especially in temporal regions presence of sharp waves induced mainly by hyperpnea. This group of patients presented symptoms of CNS involvement – mainly headaches, parasthesis, ataxia and some psychiatric abnormalities. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In the course of SSc even subtle, non-specific symptoms may herald CNS involvement. EEG seems to be valuable method which confirm brain involvement in patients with SSc, presenting neurological and psychiatric abnormalities.
Broadening the Discussion on Physician Burnout
Authors: Suzanne C. Danhauer, Katherine Files, Julie Ann Freischlag
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Practical Clinical Medicine
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

This book has been written for candidates preparing for the MRCP examinations.Doctors at this stage in their training are expected to have some knowledge of the full spectrum of medicine but may only have had first-hand experience in a few of the specialties.Merely reading the larger textbooks of medicine does not confer the kind of practical familiarity that permits candidates to approach the MRCP Part II with confi- dence.This 378 page book aims to provide a succinct and up-to-date synopsis of each of the medical specialties, emphasising important points and growth areas.Undoubtedly there is a demand for a textbook of this sort but, as is often the case in MRCP, the author's performance is patchy and success in some parts is marred by failure in others.The book is divided into four sections dealing with clinical method, emergency and special settings, clini- cal specialties and special clinical sub-specialties.The chapters in each section have been written by different authors and vary in approach and quality.In the first section Dr Davies deals with the 'approach to the patient'.The wisdom of including this chapter must be questioned.Some of the suggesed phraseology sounds awkward and archaic and should be avoided by medi- cal students.MRCP candidates should be fully conver- sant with the basics of history-taking and examination, and this highly personalised chapter may seem rather inappropriate for their needs.A more erudite discus- sion of communication skills would be preferable.The second section deals with emergencies and 'special settings'.The 'special settings' refers to a chapter by Dr Anthony Pinching dealing with patients sus- pected of having AIDS.This is clear and well written and I am sure it will be of value to students and doctors who have had little experience of the practical management of patients with AIDS.The chapter on emergencies and acute poisoning is poorly organised and poorly laid out.There are a number of short
Toll-like receptor 5 deficiency diminishes doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity in mice
Authors: Zhen-Guo Ma, Chun-Yan Kong, Hai-Ming Wu, Peng Song, Xin Zhang, Yu-Pei Yuan, Wei Deng, Qi-Zhu Tang
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Rationale: Clinical application of doxorubicin (DOX) is limited by its toxic cardiovascular side effects. Our previous study found that toll-like receptor (TLR) 5 deficiency attenuated cardiac fibrosis in mice. However, the role of TLR5 in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity remains unclear. Methods: To further investigate this, TLR5-deficient mice were subjected to a single intraperitoneal injection of DOX to mimic an acute model. Results: Here, we reported that TLR5 expression was markedly increased in response to DOX injection. Moreover, TLR5 deficiency exerted potent protective effects against DOX-related cardiac injury, whereas activation of TLR5 by flagellin exacerbated DOX injection-induced cardiotoxicity. Mechanistically, the effects of TLR5 were largely attributed to direct interaction with spleen tyrosine kinase to activate NADPH oxidase (NOX) 2, increasing the production of superoxide and subsequent activation of p38. The toxic effects of TLR5 activation in DOX-related acute cardiac injury were abolished by NOX2 deficiency in mice. Our further study showed that neutralizing antibody-mediated TLR5 depletion also attenuated DOX-induced acute cardiotoxicity. Conclusion: These findings suggest that TLR5 deficiency attenuates DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in mice, and targeting TLR5 may provide feasible therapies for DOX-induced acute cardiotoxicity.
Antibiotics versus no therapy in kidney transplant recipients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (BiRT): a pragmatic, multicentre, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Julien Coussement, Nassim Kamar, Marie Matignon, Laurent Weekers, Anne Scemla, Magali Giral, Judith Racapé, Éric Alamartine, Laurent Mesnard, Mireille Kianda, Lidia Ghisdal, Concetta Catalano, Emine N. Broeders, Olivier Denis, Karl M. Wissing, Marc Hazzan, Daniel Abramowicz, Audrey Beq, Tatiana Besse-Hammer, Marie-Noëlle Blondel-Halley, Arnaud Borsu, Vianney Charpy, Lionel Couzi, Frédéric Debelle, Arnaud del Bello, Marie de Solere, Sara Frade, Luc Frimat, Philippe Grimbert, Pierrick Guerif, Rachel Hellemans, Bénédicte Hodemon-Corne, Jean-Michel Hougardy, Alain Le Moine, Nicole Lietaer, Olivier Lortholary, Kirsty Loudon, Annick Massart, Els Meersman, Thavarak Ouk, Lissa Pipeleers, Sandrine Roisin, Sarah Tollot, Sabine Verhofstede, Martin Wojcik
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)

ObjectivesMany transplant physicians screen for and treat asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) during post-kidney-transplant surveillance. We investigated whether antibiotics are effective in reducing the occurrence of symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) in kidney transplant recipients with ASB.MethodsWe performed this multicentre, randomized, open-label trial in kidney transplant recipients who had ASB and were ≥2 months post-transplantation. We randomly assigned participants to receive antibiotics or no therapy. The primary outcome was the incidence of symptomatic UTI over the subsequent 12 months.ResultsOne hundred and ninety-nine kidney transplant recipients with ASB were randomly assigned to antibiotics (100 participants) or no therapy (99 participants). There was no significant difference in the occurrence of symptomatic UTI between the antibiotic and no-therapy groups (27%, 27/100 versus 31%, 31/99; univariate Cox model: hazard ratio 0.83, 95%CI: 0.50–1.40; log-rank test: p 0.49). Over the 1-year study period, antibiotic use was five times higher in the antibiotic group than in the no-therapy group (30 antibiotic days/participant, interquartile range 20–41, versus 6, interquartile range 0–15, p < 0.001). Overall, 155/199 participants (78%) had at least one further episode of bacteriuria during the follow-up. Compared with the participant's baseline episode of ASB, the second episode of bacteriuria was more frequently caused by bacteria resistant to clinically relevant antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, third-generation cephalosporin) in the antibiotic group than in the no-therapy group (18%, 13/72 versus 4%, 3/83, p 0.003).ConclusionsApplying a screen-and-treat strategy for ASB does not reduce the occurrence of symptomatic UTI in kidney transplant recipients who are more than 2 months post-transplantation. Furthermore, this strategy increases antibiotic use and promotes the emergence of resistant organisms.
Can Sophisticated Study Designs With Regression Analyses of Observational Data Provide Causal Inferences?
Authors: Tyler J. VanderWeele
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Natural display of nuclear-encoded RNA on the cell surface and its impact on cell interaction
Authors: Norman Huang, Xiaochen Fan, Kathia Zaleta-Rivera, Tri C. Nguyen, Jiarong Zhou, Yingjun Luo, Jie Gao, Ronnie H. Fang, Zhangming Yan, Zhen Bouman Chen, Liangfang Zhang, Sheng Zhong
Journal: Genome biology (2020)

Abstract Background Compared to proteins, glycans, and lipids, much less is known about RNAs on the cell surface. We develop a series of technologies to test for any nuclear-encoded RNAs that are stably attached to the cell surface and exposed to the extracellular space, hereafter called membrane-associated extracellular RNAs (maxRNAs). Results We develop a technique called Surface-seq to selectively sequence maxRNAs and validate two Surface-seq identified maxRNAs by RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization. To test for cell-type specificity of maxRNA, we use antisense oligos to hybridize to single-stranded transcripts exposed on the surface of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Combining this strategy with imaging flow cytometry, single-cell RNA sequencing, and maxRNA sequencing, we identify monocytes as the major type of maxRNA+ PBMCs and prioritize 11 candidate maxRNAs for functional tests. Extracellular application of antisense oligos of FNDC3B and CTSS transcripts inhibits monocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cells. Conclusions Collectively, these data highlight maxRNAs as functional components of the cell surface, suggesting an expanded role for RNA in cell-cell and cell-environment interactions.
The ERα-miR-575-p27 feedback loop regulates tamoxifen sensitivity in ER-positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Shu-Shu Liu, Yun Li, Hui Zhang, Di Zhang, Xiao-Bei Zhang, Xin Wang, Yue Yu
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy, and approximately 70% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor-α (ERα) positive. The anti-estrogen tamoxifen is a highly effective and commonly used treatment for patients with ER+ breast cancer. However, 30% of breast cancer patients fail adjuvant tamoxifen therapy and most of metastatic breast cancer patients develop tamoxifen resistance. Although increasing evidence suggests that microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation influences tamoxifen sensitivity, the mechanism of the cross-talk between miRNA and ERα signaling remains unclear. miR-575 has been reported to be involved in carcinogenesis and progression, however, the role of miR-575 in breast cancer remains limited. The aim of this study was to understand the mechanism of miR-575 in breast cancer tamoxifen resistance. Method: RT-qPCR was employed to assess miR-575 expression in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. The association of miR-575 expression with overall survival in patients with breast cancer was evaluated with KM plotter. Additionally, the effects of miR-575 on breast cancer proliferation and tamoxifen sensitivity were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatic analyses and luciferase reporter assays were performed to validate CDKN1B and BRCA1 as direct targets of miR-31-5p. The ERα binding sites in the miR-575 promoter region was validated with ChIP and luciferase assays. ERα interactions with CDKN1B, cyclin D1 or BRCA1 were determined by IP analysis, and protein expression levels and localization were analyzed by western blotting and immunofluorescence, respectively. Results: miR-575 levels were higher in ER+ breast cancer than in ER- breast cancer and patients with high miR-575 expression had a significantly poorer outcome than those with low miR-575 expression. ERα bound the miR-575 promoter to activate its transcription, and tamoxifen treatment downregulated miR-575 expression in ER+ breast cancer. Overexpression of miR-575 decreased tamoxifen sensitivity by targeting CDKN1B and BRCA1. CDKN1B and BRCA1 were both able to antagonize ERα activity by inhibiting ERα nuclear translocation and interaction with cyclin D1. Furthermore, miR-575 expression was found to be upregulated in ER+ breast cancer cell with acquired tamoxifen resistance, whereas depletion of miR-575 partially re-sensitized these cells to tamoxifen by regulation of CDKN1B. Conclusions: Our data reveal the ERα-miR-575-CDKN1B feedback loop in ER+ breast cancer, suggesting that miR-575 can be used as a prognostic biomarker in patients with ER+ breast cancer, as well as a predictor or a promising target for tamoxifen sensitivity.
Complement Inhibition with the C5 Blocker LFG316 in Severe COVID-19
Authors: Wioleta M. Zelek, Jade Cole, Mark J. Ponsford, Richard A. Harrison, Ben E. Schroeder, Nicholas Webb, Stephen Jolles, Christopher Fegan, Matt Morgan, Matt P. Wise, B. Paul Morgan
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

h e r , M o r g a n, M a t t , Wis e, M a t t P. a n d M o r g a n , B. P a ul 2 0 2 0. Co m pl e m e n t in hi bi tio n wi t h t h e C 5 bloc k e r LFG 3 1 6 in s e v e r e COVID-1 9. Am e ri c a n Jou r n al of R e s pi r a t o ry a n d C ritic al C a r e M e di ci n e 2 0 2 (9) , p p . 1 3 0 4-1 3 0 8. 1 0.
Palliative Care in Parkinson Disease—Is It Beneficial for All?
Authors: Daniel Garbin Di Luca, Carlos Singer, Jason H. Margolesky
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
STUDYING BONE MINERAL DENSITY LOSS IN CLINICALLY SUSPECT ARTHRALGIA, ASSOCIATIONS WITH SUBCLINICAL INFLAMMATION AND PROGRESSION TO CLINICAL ARTHRITIS
Authors: L. Mangnus, H.W. van Steenbergen, M. Reijnierse, J. Kalvesten, A.H.M. van der Helm-van Mil
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)
Differential expansion of circulating human MDSC subsets in patients with cancer, infection and inflammation
Authors: Luca Cassetta, Kirsten Bruderek, Joanna Skrzeczynska-Moncznik, Oktawia Osiecka, Xiaoying Hu, Ida Marie Rundgren, Ang Lin, Kim Santegoets, Utku Horzum, Ana Godinho-Santos, Gennadiy Zelinskyy, Thalia Garcia-Tellez, Sunčica Bjelica, Bartłomiej Taciak, Astrid Olsnes Kittang, Benedikt Höing, Stephan Lang, Michael Dixon, Verena Müller, Jochen Sven Utikal, Derya Karakoç, Kerim Bora Yilmaz, Emilia Górka, Lubomir Bodnar, Olympia Evdoxia Anastasiou, Christine Bourgeois, Robert Badura, Monika Kapinska-Mrowiecka, Mirjana Gotic, Mark ter Laan, Esther Kers-Rebel, Magdalena Król, Juan Francisco Santibañez, Michaela Müller-Trutwin, Ulf Dittmer, Ana Espada de Sousa, Güneş Esendağlı, Gosse Adema, Karin Loré, Elisabeth Ersvær, Viktor Umansky, Jeffrey W Pollard, Joanna Cichy, Sven Brandau
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2020)

Background Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a functional myeloid cell subset that includes myeloid cells with immune suppressive properties. The presence of MDSC has been reported in the peripheral blood of patients with several malignant and non-malignant diseases. So far, direct comparison of MDSC across different diseases and Centers is hindered by technical pitfalls and a lack of standardized methodology. To overcome this issue, we formed a network through the COST Action Mye-EUNITER ( www.mye-euniter.eu ) with the goal to standardize and facilitate the comparative analysis of human circulating MDSC in cancer, inflammation and infection. In this manuscript, we present the results of the multicenter study Mye-EUNITER MDSC Monitoring Initiative, that involved 13 laboratories and compared circulating MDSC subsets across multiple diseases, using a common protocol for the isolation, identification and characterization of these cells. Methods We developed, tested, executed and optimized a standard operating procedure for the isolation and immunophenotyping of MDSC using blood from healthy donors. We applied this procedure to the blood of almost 400 patients and controls with different solid tumors and non-malignant diseases. The latter included viral infections such as HIV and hepatitis B virus, but also psoriasis and cardiovascular disorders. Results We observed that the frequency of MDSC in healthy donors varied substantially between centers and was influenced by technical aspects such as the anticoagulant and separation method used. Expansion of polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSC exceeded the expansion of monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC) in five out of six solid tumors. PMN-MDSC expansion was more pronounced in cancer compared with infection and inflammation. Programmed death-ligand 1 was primarily expressed in M-MDSC and e-MDSC and was not upregulated as a consequence of disease. LOX-1 expression was confined to PMN-MDSC. Conclusions This study provides improved technical protocols and workflows for the multi-center analysis of circulating human MDSC subsets. Application of these workflows revealed a predominant expansion of PMN-MDSC in solid tumors that exceeds expansion in chronic infection and inflammation.
Responding to COVID-19 requires strong epidemiological evidence of environmental and societal determining factors
Authors: Ariana Zeka, Aurelio Tobias, Giovanni Leonardi, Fabrizio Bianchi, Paolo Lauriola, Helen Crabbe, Sotiris Vardoulakis, Yuming Guo, Yasushi Honda, Antonio Gasparrini, Masahiro Hashizume, Ana Maria Vicedo, Lisbeth E Knudsen, Francesco Sera, Matthew Ashworth
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2020)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and associated COVID-19 have caused a global emergency that requires an engaged, integrated, interdisciplinary, and rapid response from the scientific community. Climate change, ecological change, and biodiversity loss might have played an important role in the occurrence of this zoonotic pandemic. Climatic and environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, and air pollution, are potentially influencing the transmission, spread, and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection.