tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Potential of Lenvatinib for an Expanded Indication from the REFLECT Trial in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Susumu Maruta, Sadahisa Ogasawara, Yoshihiko Ooka, Masamichi Obu, Masanori Inoue, Norio Itokawa, Yuki Haga, Atsuyoshi Seki, Shinichiro Okabe, Ryosaku Azemoto, Ei Itobayashi, Masanori Atsukawa, Nobuyuki Sugiura, Hideaki Mizumoto, Keisuke Koroki, Kengo Kanayama, Hiroaki Kanzaki, Kazufumi Kobayashi, Soichiro Kiyono, Masato Nakamura, Naoya Kanogawa, Tomoko Saito, Takayuki Kondo, Eiichiro Suzuki, Shingo Nakamoto, Akinobu Tawada, Tetsuhiro Chiba, Makoto Arai, Tatsuo Kanda, Hitoshi Maruyama, Naoya Kato
Journal: Liver Cancer (2020)

The present study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib and verify the possibility of lenvatinib for the expanded indication from the REFLECT trial in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in real-world practice, primarily focusing on the population that was excluded in the REFLECT trial.We retrospectively collected data on patients with advanced HCC who were administered lenvatinib in 7 institutions in Japan.Of 152 advanced HCC patients, 95 and 57 patients received lenvatinib in first-line and second- or later-line systemic therapies, respectively. The median progression-free survival in Child-Pugh class A patients was nearly equal between first- and second- or later-line therapies (5.2 months; 95% CI 3.7-6.9 for first line, 4.8 months; 95% CI 3.8-5.9 for second or later line, p = 0.933). According to the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, the objective response rate of 27 patients (18%) who showed a high burden of intrahepatic lesions (i.e., main portal vein and/or bile duct invasion or 50% or higher liver occupation) at baseline radiological assessment was 41% and similar with that of other population. The present study included 20 patients (13%) with Child-Pugh class B. These patients observed high frequency rates of liver function-related adverse events due to lenvatinib. The 8-week dose intensity of lenvatinib had a strong correlation with liver function according to both the Child-Pugh and albumin - bilirubin scores.Lenvatinib had potential benefits for patients with advanced HCC with second- or later-line therapies and a high burden of intrahepatic lesions. Dose modification should be paid increased attention among patients with poor liver function, such as Child-Pugh class B patients.
Fibromyalgia
Authors: Matthew J. Bair, Erin E. Krebs
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Fibromyalgia is characterized by chronic, widespread musculoskeletal pain and associated fatigue, sleep disturbances, and other cognitive and somatic symptoms. For many patients, these symptoms persist for years and lead to frequent health care use; for some, fibromyalgia and its symptoms can be debilitating. Although many treatments are available, management remains challenging. This article highlights the clinical features of fibromyalgia, discusses diagnostic criteria and their evolution, and reviews treatment options.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and function in the mammalian reproductive Tract
Authors: R Chow, J M Wessels, W G Foster
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2020)

Neurotrophins of the nerve growth factor family are soluble polypeptides that are best known for their role in nerve growth, survival and differentiation in the central nervous system. A growing body of literature shows that neurotrophins and their receptors are also expressed throughout the reproductive tract.Neurotrophins are key regulatory proteins in reproductive physiology during development and throughout adult life. Of the neurotrophins, the literature describing the expression and function of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its high-affinity receptor, neurotrophin receptor kinase-2 (NTRK2), has been expanding rapidly. We therefore conducted a systematic inductive qualitative review of the literature to better define the role of the BDNF in the reproductive tract. We postulate that BDNF and NTRK2 are central regulatory proteins throughout the reproductive system.An electronic search of Medline (PubMed) and Web of Science for articles relating to BDNF and the reproductive system was carried out between January 2018 and February 2019.In the ovary, BDNF expression and levels have been linked with follicle organisation during ovarian development, follicle recruitment and growth and oocyte maturation. In the endometrium, BDNF is involved in cell proliferation and neurogenesis. In contrast, literature describing the role of BDNF in other reproductive tissues is sparse and BDNF-NTRK2 signalling in the male reproductive tract has been largely overlooked. Whilst estradiol appears to be the primary regulator of BDNF expression, we also identified reports describing binding sites for glucocorticoid and myocyte enhancer factor-2, a calcium-response element through activation of an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear transporter protein-4 (ARNT) response elements in promoter regions of the BDNF gene. Expression is also regulated by multiple microRNAs and post-translational processing of precursor proteins and intracellular shuttling. BDNF-NTRK2 signalling is modulated through tissue specific receptor expression of either the full-length or truncated NTRK2 receptor; however, the functional importance remains to be elucidated. Dysregulation of BDNF expression and circulating concentrations have been implicated in several reproductive disorders including premature ovarian failure, endometriosis, pre-eclampsia, intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) and several reproductive cancers.We conclude that BDNF and its receptors are key regulatory proteins central to gonadal development, ovarian regulation and uterine physiology, as well as embryo and placenta development. Furthermore, dysregulation of BDNF-NTRK2 in reproductive diseases suggests their potential role as candidate clinical markers of disease and potential therapeutic targets.
Monocytosis Has Adverse Prognostic Significance and Impacts Survival in Patients with T-Cell Lymphomas.
Authors: Stefano Sacchi, Alessia Bari, Tamar Tadmor, Luigi Marcheselli, Eliana Valentina Liardo, Samantha Pozzi, Stefano Luminari, Luca Baldini, Massimo Federico, Aaron Polliack
Journal: Blood (2012)
Public Health Response to COVID-19 Cases in Correctional and Detention Facilities — Louisiana, March–April 2020
Authors: Megan Wallace, Mariel Marlow, Sean Simonson, Marceia Walker, Natalie Christophe, Olivia Dominguez, Lauren Kleamenakis, Angie Orellana, Doriselys Pagan-Pena, Calandre Singh, Michele Pogue, Leslie Saucier, Terrence Lo, Kelsey Benson, Theresa Sokol
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)

This report describes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases among incarcerated or detained persons in facilities in Louisiana and the COVID-19 Management Assessment and Response tool used to identify awareness and understanding of guidance.
Treatment of von Willebrand's Disease
Authors: Pier Mannuccio Mannucci
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Von Willebrand's disease is an inherited bleeding disorder with a prevalence as high as 1 to 2 percent in the general population, according to screening studies. However, its prevalence is deemed to be only 30 to 100 cases per million on the basis of symptomatic referrals, a prevalence that is similar to that of hemophilia A. This article discusses major advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology, molecular basis, and management of von Willebrand's disease.
A tunable and injectable local drug delivery system for personalized periodontal application
Authors: Bing Wang, Jiamian Wang, Jinlong Shao, Paul H.J. Kouwer, Ewald M. Bronkhorst, John A. Jansen, X. Frank Walboomers, Fang Yang
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2020)

In periodontal treatment, patient differences in disease phenotype and treatment responses are well documented. Therefore, therapy duration and dosage should be tailored to the requirements of individual patients. To facilitate such personalized medication, a tunable and controllable system is needed to deliver drugs directly into the diseased periodontal pockets. The current study established a system to achieve different drug release rates and periods by incorporating bioactive agents into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres dispersed into a novel thermo-reversible polyisocyanopeptide (PIC) hydrogel. Specifically, two drugs, i.e. doxycycline and lipoxin, were separately loaded into acid-terminated and ester-capped PLGA by electrospraying. Different formulations were developed by loading the two kinds of PLGA microspheres with different mass ratios in the PIC gels. The results demonstrated that the PIC-PLGA vehicle exhibited appropriate injectability, long-term structural stability, and no obvious in vivo inflammatory response for the desired clinical application. Furthermore, the release profiles of drugs could be manipulated by adjusting the loaded mass ratio of acid- and ester- terminated PLGA microspheres in the PIC gels. The more ester-capped PLGA was used, the slower the release rate and the longer the release period, and vice versa. Additionally, the released drugs still preserved their bio-efficacy. This PIC-PLGA system can be further developed and tested in translational studies to demonstrate the final clinical benefit.
TCT-73 Non-Invasive Evaluation of Coronary Artery Collateral Flow Using Computed Tomographic Angiography
Authors: Jin-Ho Choi, Young-Bin Song, Joo-Yong Hahn, Seung-Hyuk Choi, Yeonhyon Choe, Hyeon-Cheol Gwon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Abstract 12100: Pro-Arrhythmic Ventricular Remodelling is Associated With Increased Respiratory and Low Frequency Oscillations of Monophasic Action Potential Duration in the Chronic Atrioventricular Block Dog
Authors: David J Sprenkeler, Jet D Beekman, Alexandre Bossu, Albert Dunnink, Marc A Vos
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: In the chronic complete AV-block (CAVB) dog model, electrical remodeling increases repolarization variability, which is associated with susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias. In a...
Tripping Over the HIPAA Hurdle
Authors: John A. Hermos, Avron Spiro
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Letters2 August 2011Tripping Over the HIPAA HurdleJohn A. Hermos, MD and Avron Spiro III, PhDJohn A. Hermos, MDFrom Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130.Search for more papers by this author and Avron Spiro III, PhDFrom Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-3-201108020-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In his article, Schilling (1) expresses frustration with the regulatory hurdles that he faced in collecting and reporting clinical data from an unusual group of patients, a process that he began well before current regulations for informed consent and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) were enacted. We are sympathetic to what he has endured.We do not judge Schilling's past actions as an investigator or the rulings of his institutional review board (IRB). We believe that the “middle ground” he seeks, to facilitate certain clinical studies while complying with the rules governing ...References1. Schilling RF. Tripping on the HIPAA hurdle. Ann Intern Med. 2011;154:133-4. [PMID: 21242370] LinkGoogle Scholar2. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. Protection of human subjects. 38 CFR §16.116(d). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1991:631-2. Updated 2010. Accessed at http://frwebgate2.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/TEXTgate.cgi?WAISdocID=SdRo7w/28/1/0&WAISaction=retrieve on 9 June 2011. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTripping on the HIPAA Hurdle Robert F. Schilling Metrics 2 August 2011Volume 155, Issue 3Page: 203KeywordsConflicts of interestDatabasesExerciseHealth information technologyObservational studiesResearch designRetrospective studies ePublished: 2 August 2011 Issue Published: 2 August 2011 CopyrightCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Complications of Diabetes
Authors: W Kattah Calderón
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
What Would You Do, Doctor?
Authors: Rebekah Mannix
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Glucagon-Like Peptide-2
Authors: Jennifer L. Estall, Daniel J. Drucker
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (2006)

Multiple peptide hormones produced within the gastrointestinal system aid in the regulation of energy homeostasis and metabolism. Among these is the intestinotrophic peptide glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), which is released following food intake and plays a significant role in the adaptive regulation of bowel mass and mucosal integrity. The discovery of GLP-2's potent growth-promoting and cytoprotective effects in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract stimulated interest in its use as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of GI diseases involving malabsorption, inflammation, and/or mucosal damage. Current research has focused on determining the physiological mechanisms contributing to the effects of GLP-2 and factors regulating its biological mechanisms of action. This chapter provides an overview of the biology of GLP-2 with a focus on the most recent findings on the role of this peptide hormone in the normal and diseased GI tract.
Predicting the Risk of Inpatient Hypoglycemia With Machine Learning Using Electronic Health Records
Authors: Yue Ruan, Alexis Bellot, Zuzana Moysova, Garry D. Tan, Alistair Lumb, Jim Davies, Mihaela van der Schaar, Rustam Rea
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

OBJECTIVE We analyzed data from inpatients with diabetes admitted to a large university hospital to predict the risk of hypoglycemia through the use of machine learning algorithms. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Four years of data were extracted from a hospital electronic health record system. This included laboratory and point-of-care blood glucose (BG) values to identify biochemical and clinically significant hypoglycemic episodes (BG ≤3.9 and ≤2.9 mmol/L, respectively). We used patient demographics, administered medications, vital signs, laboratory results, and procedures performed during the hospital stays to inform the model. Two iterations of the data set included the doses of insulin administered and the past history of inpatient hypoglycemia. Eighteen different prediction models were compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) through a 10-fold cross validation. RESULTS We analyzed data obtained from 17,658 inpatients with diabetes who underwent 32,758 admissions between July 2014 and August 2018. The predictive factors from the logistic regression model included people undergoing procedures, weight, type of diabetes, oxygen saturation level, use of medications (insulin, sulfonylurea, and metformin), and albumin levels. The machine learning model with the best performance was the XGBoost model (AUROC 0.96). This outperformed the logistic regression model, which had an AUROC of 0.75 for the estimation of the risk of clinically significant hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS Advanced machine learning models are superior to logistic regression models in predicting the risk of hypoglycemia in inpatients with diabetes. Trials of such models should be conducted in real time to evaluate their utility to reduce inpatient hypoglycemia.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Induces Obliterative Pulmonary Vascular Disease in a Novel Model of Connective Tissue Disease–Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Richard D. Bell, R. James White, Maria L. Garcia‐Hernandez, Emily Wu, Homaira Rahimi, Roberta G. Marangoni, Pamelia Slattery, Stacey Duemmel, Marc Nuzzo, Nelson Huertas, Min Yee, Michael A. O'Reilly, Craig Morrell, Christopher T. Ritchlin, Edward M. Schwarz, Benjamin D. Korman
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2020)

Objective Connective tissue disease ( CTD )–associated pulmonary arterial hypertension ( PAH ) is the second most common etiology of PAH and carries a poor prognosis. Recently, it has been shown that female human tumor necrosis factor ( TNF )–transgenic (Tg) mice die of cardiopulmonary disease by 6 months of age. This study was undertaken to characterize this pathophysiology and assess its potential as a novel model of CTD ‐ PAH . Methods Histologic analysis was performed on TNF ‐Tg and wild‐type ( WT ) mice to characterize pulmonary vascular and right ventricular ( RV ) pathology (n = 40 [4–5 mice per group per time point]). Mice underwent right‐sided heart catheterization (n = 29) and micro–computed tomographic angiography (n = 8) to assess vascular disease. Bone marrow chimeric mice (n = 12), and anti‐ TNF –treated mice versus placebo‐treated mice (n = 12), were assessed. RNA sequencing was performed on mouse lung tissue (n = 6). Results TNF ‐Tg mice displayed a pulmonary vasculopathy marked by collagen deposition ( P &lt; 0.001) and vascular occlusion ( P &lt; 0.001) with associated RV hypertrophy ( P &lt; 0.001) and severely increased RV systolic pressure (mean ± SD 75.1 ± 19.3 mm Hg versus 26.7 ± 1.7 mm Hg in WT animals; P &lt; 0.0001). TNF ‐Tg mice had increased α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐ SMA ) staining, which corresponded to proliferation and loss of von Willebrand factor ( vWF )–positive endothelial cells ( P &lt; 0.01). There was an increase in α‐ SMA –positive, vWF ‐positive cells ( P &lt; 0.01), implicating endothelial–mesenchymal transition. Bone marrow chimera experiments revealed that mesenchymal but not bone marrow–derived cells are necessary to drive this process. Treatment with anti‐ TNF therapy halted the progression of disease. This pathology closely mimics human CTD ‐ PAH , in which patient lungs demonstrate increased TNF signaling and significant similarities in genomic pathway dysregulation. Conclusion The TNF ‐Tg mouse represents a novel model of CTD ‐ PAH , recapitulates key disease features, and can serve as a valuable tool for discovery and assessment of therapeutics.
Clinical presentation and differential splicing of SRSF2, U2AF1 and SF3B1 mutations in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Stefanos A. Bamopoulos, Aarif M. N. Batcha, Vindi Jurinovic, Maja Rothenberg-Thurley, Hanna Janke, Bianka Ksienzyk, Julia Philippou-Massier, Alexander Graf, Stefan Krebs, Helmut Blum, Stephanie Schneider, Nikola Konstandin, Maria Cristina Sauerland, Dennis Görlich, Wolfgang E. Berdel, Bernhard J. Woermann, Stefan K. Bohlander, Stefan Canzar, Ulrich Mansmann, Wolfgang Hiddemann, Jan Braess, Karsten Spiekermann, Klaus H. Metzeler, Tobias Herold
Journal: Leukemia (2020)
The Effect of Irbesartan on the Development of Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Hans-Henrik Parving, Hendrik Lehnert, Jens Bröchner-Mortensen, Ramon Gomis, Steen Andersen, Peter Arner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Microalbuminuria and hypertension are risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy. Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system reduces progression to diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetic patients, whereas similar data are lacking for hypertensive type 2 diabetic subjects. We evaluated the renoprotective effect of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, irbesartan, in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria.Five hundred and ninety hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria were enrolled in this multinational, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of irbesartan 150 mg/daily or 300 mg/daily or matching placebo for two years. The primary outcome was time to progression to diabetic nephropathy, defined as a persistent overnight albuminuria > 200 micrograms/min and at least a 30 per cent increase from baseline.Baseline characteristics in the three groups were similar. Ten patients (5.2 per cent) receiving irbesartan 300 mg and 19 patients (9.7 per cent) receiving irbesartan 150 mg daily reached the primary end point, as compared to 30 (14.9 per cent) patients on placebo (hazard ratio 0.30 [95 per cent confidence interval 0.14 to 0.61], p < 0.001 and 0.61 [95 per cent confidence interval 0.34 to 1.08] p = 0.08), respectively). The average blood pressure throughout the study was 144/83, 143/83, and 141/81 mmHg in the placebo, irbesartan 150 mg and 300 mg group, respectively (p = 0.004 for systolic blood pressure). Serious adverse events were less frequent in the patients treated with irbesartan (p = 0.02).Irbesartan is renoprotective independently of its blood pressure lowering effect in type 2 diabetic subjects with microalbuminuria. It is safe and well tolerated.
Low HDL Cholesterol Levels
Authors: M. Dominique Ashen, Roger S. Blumenthal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

A 41-year-old man with dyslipidemia, hypertension, and a history of myocardial infarction four years previously comes to establish care. The total cholesterol level is 155 mg per deciliter (4.01 mmol per liter), the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level 72 mg per deciliter (1.86 mmol per liter), the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level 28 mg per deciliter (0.72 mmol per liter), and the triglyceride level 277 mg per deciliter (3.13 mmol per liter). What strategies can increase his HDL cholesterol level?