tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dietary and behavioral adjustments to control bowel function by long-term colorectal cancer survivors.
Authors: Virginia Sun, Marcia Grant, Christopher S. Wendel, Carmit K. McMullen, Joanna E. Bulkley, Andrea Altschuler, Michelle L. Ramirez, Carol M. Baldwin, Susan Rawl, Lisa J. Herrinton, Mark C. Hornbrook, Robert S. Krouse
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

573 Background: Bowel dysfunction is a known complication of colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, and has a detrimental impact on survivors’ health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The prevalence of dietary and behavioral modifications in CRC survivors has been described in only a small number of studies. To better understand dietary and behavioral adjustments that long-term (≥ 5 years) CRC survivors make to regulate their bowel function, we performed a mixed methods analysis, comparing survivors with a permanent ostomy and those with anastomosis. Methods: CRC survivors with or without permanent ostomies were surveyed with the modified version of the City of Hope Quality of Life for Ostomy tool (N=919).Dietary adjustments were compared by ostomy status (ostomy versus anastomosis) and higher quartile versus lower quartile HRQOL scores.Student’s t-tests were used to compare HRQOL measures between groups. Qualitative data from 13 focus groups (N=63) and interviews with 30 female ostomates were analyzed to explore specific strategies used for regulating bowel function. Results: CRC survivors make substantial andpermanent dietary adjustments following treatment. The majority of survivors reported that they took more than one month to feel comfortable with their diet, and many (10% to 18%) never became comfortable. No significant dietary adjustment differences were noted based on ostomy status. Survivors who took less time (&lt;1 month) to feel comfortable with their diet and for their appetite to return had better HRQOL (p &lt; 0.001) ≥ 5 years later. Adjustments to control bowel function consisted of four overall strategies: dietary adjustments, behavioral adjustments, exercise, and medications. Conclusions: CRC survivors use a multitude of adaptive strategies to control their bowel function. Many survivors struggle with unpredictable bowel function continually for the rest of their lives, and many never find any set of management strategies to achieve regularity. Understanding the myriad of adjustments made by CRC survivors will lead to evidence-based recommendations to foster positive adjustments after cancer treatment.
Comparisons of hepatitis C viral replication in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving tocilizumab, abatacept and tofacitinib therapy
Authors: Yi-Ming Chen, Wen-Nan Huang, Tsai-Ling Liao, Jun-Pen Chen, Sheng-Shun Yang, Hsin-Hua Chen, Tsu-Yi Hsieh, Wei-Ting Hung, Yi-Hsing Chen, Der-Yuan Chen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

Despite recent advances in direct antiviral agents for hepatitis C virus (HCV), this infectious disease remains prevalent worldwide and presents a major therapeutic challenge in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).1 Our previous report demonstrated that use of antitumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α agents in patients with RA with HCV infection appears to be safe.2 However, B-cell-targeted therapy with rituximab may lead to HCV viraemia by causing a decline in exosomal microRNAs.3 Therefore, HCV viral replication may respond differently to biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) and targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) owing to the different mechanism of action in patients with RA.

Viral loads in HCV-infected patients with RA were reported to be unaffected during short-term therapy with tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin (IL)-6 receptor.4 5 Abatacept, a fusion protein binding cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) that blocks the CD80/CD86 costimulatory pathways, has also been shown to be safe in patients with RA with HCV.6 It remains unclear whether tofacitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor,7 affects HCV viral activity in patients with RA. To …
Surgeon specific effects on the postoperative systemic inflammatory response and complications following surgery for colorectal cancer.
Authors: Stephen Thomas McSorley, Campbell SD Roxburgh, Donald C McMillan, Paul G. Horgan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

799 Background: The present study examined the impact of surgeon specific differences on the postoperative systemic inflammatory response (SIR) as measured by postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP), and complications, following elective surgery for colorectal cancer. Methods: 684 patients who underwent elective colorectal cancer resection performed by 10 consultant surgeons at single centre between 2008 and 2016 were included. Exceeding the established C-reactive protein (CRP) threshold of 150mg/L on postoperative days (POD) 3 and 4 was used to identify outliers by funnel plot analysis. Surgeons with significant differences in the proportion of patients exceeding POD 3 CRP 150mg/L were compared. Significantly different perioperative variables amongst surgeons, and the surgeons themselves, were then entered into a multivariate binary logistic regression model to asses association with POD 3 CRP. Results: Perioperative factors were compared between 3 surgeons with the highest volumes and greatest difference in the proportion of patients exceeding POD 3 CRP 150mg/L (Figure 1); (35% of 137, 50% of 117, 60% of 92, p &lt; 0.001). Amongst the 3 surgeons there were significant differences in comorbid state (p = 0.042), the proportion of patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery (p &lt; 0.001), or surgery lasting over 4 hours (p &lt; 0.001), requiring blood transfusion (p = 0.038), epidural anaesthesia (p &lt; 0.001), and receiving perioperative steroids (p &lt; 0.001). When those factors which were significantly different between surgeons were entered into a multivariate binary logistic regression model to predict exceeding the POD 3 CRP threshold of 150mg/L, only perioperative dexamethasone (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.19-0.82, p = 0.012), and postoperative complications (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.14-4.32, p = 0.018), remained independently associated whilst the surgeons themselves were not significantly associated (OR 1.16, 95% CI 0.59-2.30, p = 0.663). Conclusions: This study suggests that surgeon specific difference in the magnitude of the postoperative systemic inflammatory response are related to differences in surgical approach, anaesthetic technique and complications.
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children and Adults with Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD): A Study of the Inborn Errors Working Party (IEWP) of the EBMT
Authors: Robert Chiesa, Junfeng Wang, Henric-Jan Blok, Benedicte Neven, Despina Moshous, Ansgar Schulz, Manfred Hoenig, Michael H. Albert, Fabian Hauck, Amal Al-Seraihy, Jolanta Gozdzik, Per Ljungman, Caroline A. Lindemans, Krzysztof Kalwak, Brigitte Strahm, Urs Schanz, Petr Sedlacek, Karl-Walter Sykora, Serap Aksoylar, Franco Locatelli, Polina Stepensky, Robert Wynn, Su Han Lum, Marco Zecca, Paul Veys, Andrew Gennery, Matthias Felber, Arjan Lankester, Tayfun Guengoer, Mary Slatter
Journal: Blood (2018)
Nasal decongestants and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction
Authors: Christopher Pollard, Fozia Nazir, Ravi Jampana
Journal: BMJ (2019)

A 57 year old woman experienced six days of daily thunderclap headaches, which spontaneously resolved. Computed tomography showed a small volume of peripheral subarachnoid haemorrhage, and computed tomography angiography showed “possible vasculitis.”

Magnetic …
Abstract 13682: Incidence and Clinical Characteristics of Postcardiac Injury Syndrome Complicating Cardiac Perforation Caused by Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation for Cardiac Arrhythmias
Authors: Yang Liu, Ruifu Zhao, Deli Wan, Han Xie, Guozhu Jin, Jinli Wang, Li Lin, Rong Bai, Lin Wang
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background Postcardiac injury syndrome (PCIS) is a complication of a variety of cardiac injuries, of which minor perforation of the heart with a cardiac catheter is a rare, under-recognized etiolog...
Avapritinib, a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of KIT D816V, Improves Symptoms of Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis (AdvSM): Analyses of Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs) from the Phase 1 (EXPLORER) Study Using the (AdvSM) Symptom Assessment Form (AdvSM-SAF), a New PRO Questionnaire for (AdvSM)
Authors: Jason R. Gotlib, Deepti Radia, Daniel J. DeAngelo, Prithviraj Bose, Mark W Drummond, Elizabeth O. Hexner, William A Robinson, Maureen G. Conlan, Ronny G. Oren, Hongliang Shi, Michael W. Deininger
Journal: Blood (2018)
Impact of nutrition status and systematic inflammation on patients with colorectal cancer.
Authors: Chikayoshi Tani, Koichiro Uchida, Masahiro Yamada, Keiko Asai, Hiroyuki Furukawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e14648 Background: Cancer progression and patient prognosis have reportedly some association with systemic inflammation and nutritional status of individual patient. We investigate the impact of Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS) and neutrophil or platelet lymphocyte ratio on prognosis of colorectal cancer. Methods: Three-hundred-forty patients were performed tumor free curative resection between January 2006 and December 2012. Patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or metastatic colon cancer were excluded from this study. Factors associated with cancer recurrence and patients survival were assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis Results: In univariate analysis, preoperative levels of albumin and CRP, mGPS, PNI were found factors statisticaly associated with both disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) after surgery, besides lymph node metastasis, lymphatic and vascular invasion. Multivariate analysis showed mGPS other than lymph node metastasis were independent factors associated with DFS and OS. Conclusions: Systemic inflammation and malnutrition are highly prevalent in patients with colorectal cancer and they have significant impact on their survival.
Does Use of Biosimilar G-CSF Change Plerixafor Utilization during Stem Cell Mobilization for Autologous Stem Cell Transplant?
Authors: Nadine Abdallah, Seongho Kim, Asif Alavi, Lois Ayash, Voravit Ratanatharathorn, Joseph P. Uberti, Abhinav Deol
Journal: Blood (2018)
Treating advanced breast cancer patients with trastuzumab for years: Is it safe?
Authors: Alice Kim Larsen, Anders Bonde Jensen, Sven Tyge Langkjer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e11596 Background: Incidence of cardiotoxicity, measured as a decrease in left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), during long-term treatment with trastuzumab (T), was evaluated in HER-2 positive (pos.) patients (pt.) with advanced breast cancer (ABC). Methods: Data was collected from 20 pt. with HER-2 pos. ABC. receiving between 27 and 153 cycles of T, one cycle every third week, either as monotherapy or concomitant with chemotherapy. Five pt. did not receive left side radiotherapy (LRT), anthracycline (A) nor taxan (tx), prior to T treatment. The rest of the pt. had, prior to T, received: LRT, A and tx (n=4); LRT and A (n=1); LRT and tx (n=1); A and tx (n=4); A (n=2); tx (n=3). Results: None of the pt. had clinical symptoms of heart failure. No deaths related to T occured. Four pt. had one reversible episode of decrease in LVEF, and were briefly discontinued from T treatment, T treatment was resumed after LVEF was normalized. Prior to T, two of these pt. received A, tx and LRT; one pt. received A and tx; one pt. did not receive A, tx nor LRT. One pt. was permanently discontinued from T treatment. This pt. received tx simultaneously with T, and received A, but not LRT, prior to T. Conclusions: 25% of the pt. had a decrease in LVEF. The majority of these pt. had, prior to T, received at least one of the following: A, tx and/or LRT. Previous studies have shown that A induces a dose-dependent and irreversible cardiotoxicity, which can be aggravated by T, especially when the two drugs are given simultaneously (Martina Bonifazi et al. Trastuzumab-Related Cardiotoxicity in Early Breast Cancer: A cohort Study. The Oncologist 2013; 18: 795-801). Our results show the same tendency, however not as severe, when tx and T are given simultaneously. We suggest continuous monitoring of LVEF during T treatment, especially in pt. receiving cardiotoxic treatments prior to or simultaneously with T. More research is needed to establish guidelines on frequency and duration of monitoring cardiac function during T treatment.
Molecular underpinning of melanoma histologic subtypes in the metastatic setting.
Authors: Amel Salhi, Charalampos S. Floudas, Jinhua Wang, Richard L. Shapiro, Russell S. Berman, Anna C. Pavlick, Adriana Heguy, Iman Osman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e20053 Background: The clinical and biologic relevance of the molecular basis of melanoma histopathological subtypes is not yet well studied. We tested the hypothesis that distinct somatic mutation profiles underlie the histologic subtypes of melanoma and that these differences are retained as melanoma progresses to metastatic disease. We reasoned that this might provide a basis for histology-driven targeted therapy, a concept that is more developed in other types of solid tumors but not in melanoma. Methods: We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) on 8 pairs of metastatic tumor and germline DNA from 3 superficial spreading (SSM), 3 nodular (NM) and 2 acral lentiginous (ALM) melanoma patients. For two of the NM patients we also performed WES on DNA from corresponding primary lesions. Tumor DNA was isolated from FFPE samples in quantities that facilitated an average coverage of 100X for 95% of the exon regions; on average, 60M reads per sample were obtained, without applying whole genome amplification. We performed variant calling using paired samples with Somatic Sniper, SAM tools and MuTect. We annotated all the variants and applied functional filters to come up with a candidate list of mutations. Results: Our analysis confirmed known mutations that occur predominantly in each subtype (BRAF V600E more prevalent in SSM than in NM and absent in ALM, ALM being NF1 mutant but not BRAF V600E or NRAS Q61 mutant) and further revealed subtype-restricted somatic mutations in genes not previously reported as associated with melanoma. In particular, matrix-remodeling associated 5 was found to be frequently mutated in the SSM samples tested but not in the ALM or NM samples, and PFN1P2 (profilin 1 pseudogene) in NM samples but not in the ALM or SSM samples. Sanger sequencing is underway to validate the presence of the selected mutations in a larger independent cohort of patient specimens representing the 3 histologic subtypes. Conclusions: Our data support our hypothesis that melanoma histologic subtypes are characterized by distinct mutational signatures. Results of the expanded cohorts will be required to reveal uncommon, but specific mutations for each subtype that have yet to be identified.
Abstract 17875: Translating 3D Printing into Clinical Practice: Do Patient-Specific Models Aid in Communicating with Parents of Children with Congenital Heart Disease?
Authors: Giovanni Biglino, Claudio Capelli, Silvia Schievano, Jo Wray, Lindsay-Kay Leaver, Sachin Khambadkone, Alessandro Giardini, Graham Derrick, Alex Jones, Andrew M Taylor
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Communication in medical consultations is recognised as an important factor in optimising patient satisfaction and health outcomes. Patient-specific (PS) plastic models of congenital heart lesions may offer benefits for education and communication purposes. This study aimed to quantitatively test the translational potential of PS models in a systematic manner. Methods: Parents of children with congenital heart defects (n=97), matched for age, sex and level of education, were divided into Group I (n=52) for normal consultations/follow-up visits, and Group II (n=45) where PS models generated from magnetic resonance imaging and printed in white nylon with rapid prototyping machine model were additionally used. Participants and cardiologists completed rating scales (scored from 0-10) to assess parents’ knowledge of their child’s condition before and after the consultation and to provide feedback on any tools used, including the 3D model. Results: Clinicians reported that the models were very useful (8.8±1.1/10), encouraged parent interaction (9.1±1.4/10), and did not lengthen consultation (93% cases), although these lasted 5 minutes longer (p=0.02). Parents rated PS models as very useful (9.5±0.7/10) and more informative than medical images, with 73% explicitly asking to keep their model. Parents in both groups equally felt their understanding improved following their visit, although when their questionnaires were rated blindly by two cardiologists only 5 participants per group were actually found to demonstrate improved understanding. In 40% of cases the cardiologists were not able to gather even the primary diagnosis based on the information provided by parents after their consultation. Conclusions: Patients’ parents and clinicians found PS models to be useful communication tools, although parents’ understanding appears to be mainly related to their prior level of knowledge. Clinicians found PS models useful in explaining congenital heart defects and encouraging parent interaction. Use of such a modality during the first interactions with parents may have benefits for improving parents’ participation in their child’s management.
Phase 1 study of biweekly (Q2W) anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody (mAb) mixture Sym004 in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) resistant to previous anti-EGFR treatment.
Authors: Guillem Argilés, Rodrigo Dienstmann, Marta Benavent Viñuales, Andres Cervantes, Susana Rosello Keranen, Ulla H. Hansen, Niels Jorgen Ostergaard Skartved, Ivan David Horak, Stephan Braun, Rocio Garcia Carbonero
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

3551 Background: Preclinical models suggest that WT KRAS mCRC may retain EGFR dependency despite resistance developed to anti-EGFR mAb treatment (eg, cetuximab or panitumumab). Sym004 is the first-in-class drug mixture of two mAbs targeting non-overlapping epitopes of EGFR causing augmented receptor degradation. Cohorts of weekly 9 and 12 mg/kg from the multicenter phase 1 trial exploring multiple doses and schedules of Sym004 have recently reported antitumor activity and a tolerable safety profile. Methods: We here report safety (primary endpoint) and efficacy (exploratory endpoint) from the two Sym004 Q2W cohorts of this trial. Eligible pts had WT KRAS mCRC with prior clinical benefit to anti-EGFR mAbs and subsequent progression during or within 6 months after treatment cessation. Sym004 was administered until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Results: A total of 29 pts (median age was 64 years; 62% had liver metastasis [non-]target lesions; 86% had >2 prior lines of therapy) were treated at 12 (N=12) and 18 mg/kg (N=17) Sym004 Q2W. Drug-related AEs were manageable with dose reduction and supportive medication. Grade ≥3 toxicities in 12 and 18 mg/kg cohorts were skin rash (3/12 [25%]; 6/17 [35%]; no grade 4) and hypomagnesemia (3/12 [25%]; 6/17 [35%]). Grade 3 diarrhea was seen in one pt of each cohort (8%; 6%). Infusion-related reactions were observed in 2/29 (7%) pts (grade 1 and 2, each). Efficacy assessments are shown in the Table. Conclusions: Single-drug Sym004 was well tolerated and antitumor responses seen at 18 mg/kg Q2W in the first assessment at week 4-8 suggest clinical activity of Sym004 in anti-EGFR mAb resistant WT KRAS mCRC pts. The early benefit:risk profile remained favorable; no new toxicities were found. Clinical trial information: NCT01117428. Variable 12mg/kg/Q2W (N=12) 18mg/kg/Q2W (N=17) Proportion of pts who progressed during vs. 1-6 months after previous anti-EGFR, N (%) 6 (50) vs. 6 (50) 11 (65) vs. 6 (35) Mean baseline sum of longest diameter of target lesions, cm 11.6 12.1 Antitumor response at first CT/MRI imaging (week 4-8), N (%) PR 0 1 (7) SD 3 (33) 11 (73) PD 6 (67) 3 (20) Any tumor shrinkage 2 (22) 6 (40) Progression-free survival, months 1.4 3.3
Survival and its determinants of Kaposi sarcoma in Tanzania: Retrospective study.
Authors: Chakou Halfani Tindwa, Khamza KY Maunda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e20607 Background: Kaposi Sarcoma is the most common sarcoma and second most prevalent cancer seen in Tanzania. Its affect all age groups and strongly associated with AIDS. Little is known about disease/patients characteristics and survivorship in our settings, therefore this study expected to determine patients survival and its associated factors in Tanzania. Methods: Retrospective descriptive study using structured questionnaires. Patients with Kaposi Sarcoma diagnosed and treated at Ocean Road Cancer Institute, the only cancer care center in Tanzania were followed-up retrospectively using their hospital records and mobile phone communication system, with 199 patients included in the study. Descriptive, Bi-variate Analysis, Ordinal Regression, Life Tables and Kaplan Meier survival analysis as well as SPSS 16.0 and Log rants validity test were used during data analysis. Results: Mean age at KS diagnosis was 40 ± 12.012 yrs, with male (42.60 ± 12.6 yrs) population older than female ( 35.1 ± 9.7 yrs) . Patients waited 30 ± 120 days after diagnosis before start of treatment. Male : Female ratio was 1.6:1, with radiotherapy (82%) found to be most preferred modality of treatment. Skin (87.3%) was most primary organ affected followed by oral cavity (12.2%). Median and average survival of KS patients were 8 ± 0.613 months and 15.863 ± 1.407 months respectively. Primary organ affected and patient residence found significantly to influence survival while age, sex, treatment modality, hemoglobin level, time taken waiting for treatments found to be insignificant survival predictors. Serum white cell and platelets counts have not shown to influence survival with HIV found to affect 90% of Kaposi Sarcoma patients. Conclusions: Social demographic features, overall and median survival of patients with Kaposi Sarcoma in Tanzania, is closely related to other countries with similar settings but the latter two were significantly low compared to developed countries; This might be caused by differences in disease profile, late presentation, poor diagnostic and treatment resources seen in Tanzania compared with other settings.
Effect of galectin-3 inhibition on drug resistance, motility, invasion, and angiogenic potential in ovarian cancer.
Authors: Rashmi Verma, Jehanzeb Riaz, Leonardo Mirandola, Jose A. Figueroa, Saba Radhi, Venu Konala, Amardeep Aulakh, Yuefei Yu, Diane Duyen Thuy Nguyen, Fred Hardwick, Lukman Aderoju Tijani, Nicholas C. D'Cunha, Kayley Trotter, Martin Cannon, Marjorie Jenkins, Fabio Grizzi, Everardo Cobos, Scott Dahlbeck, Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e22005 Background: Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecologic malignancy worldwide. Since the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer is incompletely understood, and there are no available screening techniques for early detection, most patients are diagnosed with advanced, incurable disease. In an effort to develop innovative and effective therapies for ovarian cancer, we tested the effectiveness of Galectin-3C in vitro. Methods: We created a truncated, dominant-negative form of Galectin-3, namely Galectin-3C. Ovarian cancer cell lines and primary cells from ovarian cancer patients were treated with Galectin-3C, and growth, drug sensitivity, and angiogenesis were tested. Results: We show, for the first time, that Galectin-3C significantly reduces the growth, motility, invasion, and angiogenic potential of cultured Ovarian Cancer cell lines and primary cells established from Ovarian Cancer patients. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that Galectin-3C is a promising new compound for the treatment of ovarian cancer.