tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of computed tomography in staging colon cancer patients.
Authors: Christopher Ryan Oxner, Rebecca A. Nelson, Wendy Lee, Marjun Philip Duldulao, Rebecca Lynn Wiatrek, Steven Chen, Alessio Pigazzi, Joseph Kim, Julio Garcia-Aguilar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

614 Background: Though adjuvant chemotherapy is well-established for treating patients with AJCC Stage III colon cancer, there is growing interest in giving chemotherapy neoadjuvantly for these patients. Since clinical staging to determine eligibility requires accurate preoperative imaging, our objective was to determine whether computed tomography (CT) scans can be used to detect nodal disease in colon cancer patients. Methods: We identified patients with AJCC stage I-III colon cancer who underwent curative resection between 2006 and 2010 at our institution. Patient CT scans were obtained and final radiologic reports were recorded in a database. CT images underwent secondary prospective review by a blinded independent surgeon with the intent to identify mesenteric lymphadenopathy (N+). Clinical staging from the original radiologic report and secondary surgeon review of the CT images were then compared with pathologic staging. Results: Imaging and pathology were available for 67 colon cancer patients. Original radiologic review reported N+ disease in 10 of 67 patients (15%), but final pathology revealed 31 of 67 (46%) patients to be N+. Therefore, radiological review correctly predicted Stage III disease in 10 of 31 (32%) patients. On final pathology, 36 of 67 (54%) patients had no nodal disease (N0). Radiologic reports noted absence of lymphadenopathy in 29 of 67 (43%) patients, thus accurately predicting N0 disease in 29 of 36 (80%) patients. Of 67 studies, 14 (21%) had no mention of lymphadenopathy and were considered N0. Of these 14, 6 were N+ on final pathology. Surgeon review accurately identified N+ disease in 4 of these 6 patients. On surgeon review, sensitivity increased from 32% to 68% while specificity dropped from 80% to 61%, corresponding to a decrease in false negatives from 68% to 32% and an increase in false positives from 20% to 39%. Conclusions: Current clinical staging of colon cancer by CT has low accuracy. However, actively seeking nodal disease improves sensitivity but with minor loss of specificity. Improved radiologic criteria and technology may further increase accuracy in clinical staging of Stage III colon cancer patients who will receive neoadjuvant treatment.
INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND-DERIVED VIRTUAL FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE TO PREDICT 3-YEAR OUTCOMES OF UNTREATED NON-CULPRIT LESIONS: THE PROSPECT STUDY
Authors: Fumiyasu Seike, Gary Mintz, Mitsuaki Matsumura, Ziad Ali, Mengdan Liu, Ori Ben-Yehuda, Bernard De Bruyne, Patrick Serruys, Kazunori Yasuda, Gregg Stone, Akiko Maehara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Metformin Plus Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Mutated Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer—Reply
Authors: Oscar Arrieta, Laura Alejandra Ramirez-Tirado, Zyanya Lucia Zatarain-Barrón
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

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The cost of treating pancreatic cancer: A pilot study
Authors: A. R. Ogdie, B. C. Lee, J. Li, D. Maglaris, A. Siddiqi, J. Marshall
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

16004 Background: The treatment of pancreatic cancer (PC) is rapidly changing with the approval of new anti-cancer agents. A pilot analysis of twenty five patients treated for PC was performed to determine the cost of PC treatment. Methods: Twenty-five PC patients were selected from 1998–2004 to represent a variety of treatments, both standard and experimental. Charts were reviewed for hospitalizations, clinic visits, and medications greater than $10 in cost. Costs were determined using pharmacy and hospital billing services. Average costs per month were calculated for all 25 patients in the twelve months preceding death. Results: Mean time from diagnosis to death was 13.6 months and mean duration of treatment was 12.6 months. During the period of treatment, mean monthly anti-cancer treatment and additional pharmacotherapy costs were $3,771 and $3,196 respectively. Mean monthly cost of hospitalizations and clinic visits were $2,258 and $213. In the last twelve months of life, months -3, -5, and -2 (death = 0) were most expensive with average spending of $65,557, $58,820, $47,727 respectively. Breakdown of costs in the three most expensive months was: anti-cancer agents (82%), hospitalization (15%), additional pharmacotherapy (3.0%), and clinic visits (0.5%). Conclusions: In this pilot study, we compiled major contributors to the cost of treating PC and then focused on the twelve months preceding death. Anti-cancer agents were determined to be the largest expenditure overall, and were a greater proportion of the cost in the most expensive months before death. This remains an underestimate as surgery, radiation, and indirect costs are not included. As newer agents become incorporated into standard treatment for PC, costs are expected to rise further. This data is being used in designing a larger study comparing costs, quality of life, and survival using newer combination chemotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
AORTIC DISSECTION RELATED TO PREGNANCY: THE INTERNATIONAL REGISTRY OF ACUTE AORTIC DISSECTION (IRAD)
Authors: Eric Mittauer, Kevin Harris, Arturo Evangelista-Masip, Reed E. Pyeritz, Derek Brinster, Lori Conklin, Toru Suzuki, Christina Fanola, Maral Ouzounian, Edward P. Chen, Truls Myrmel, Raffi Bekeredijan, Stuart Hutchison, Joseph S. Coselli, Dan Gilon, Patrick T. O’Gara, Melinda Davis, Eric M. Isselbacher, Kim Eagle, Alan C. Braverman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Developing rational drug combination strategies for PARP inhibitors.
Authors: Farah Rehman, Richard Elliott, Rachel Brough, Jessica Frankum, Anan Ragab, Christopher J. Lord, Alan Ashworth
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

3050 Background: The recent clinical development of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors has provided formal proof-of-concept that synthetic lethal approaches can be used to treat cancer. The promise of PARP inhibitors in BRCA mutant tumours is apparent but questions regarding their wider clinical use remain. To date, a number of clinical trials have been designed using PARP inhibitors as single agents as well as in combination with current standards of care. However, there is a paucity of pre-clinical information about PARP inhibitor/drug combinations and empirical clinical trials of standard of care plus PARP inhibitors may not represent the most effective approach to dissect this. We aim to identify effective drug combination strategies that could be used clinically in selected patient groups. Methods: Using a combination of high and medium throughput techniques and established methodologies for determining synergy, additivity and antagonism, we have characterised the effects of combining PARP inhibitors with a diverse panel of over 3,000 compounds in a range of tumour cell models including isogenic matched cell line pairs to determine the impact of genetic background on drug combination efficacy. We have integrated this data with functional profiling data to identify genetic backgrounds where these combinations may be most effective. Results: Results to date suggest promising combinations of PARP inhibitors with temozolomide, CHK1 inhibitors, ATM inhibitors and other agents. Some of these combinations show specificity for genetic backgrounds such as PTEN mutations. Conclusions: Screening of drug libraries has identified promising PARP inhibitor drug combinations and demonstrates how some drug combinations show specificity in particular genetic backgrounds. This raises the possibility of widening the therapeutic index in patients with these genetic backgrounds and treating a wider group of patients with PARP inhibitors.
CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IMPACTS OUTCOMES IN TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION
Authors: Julian Tay Cheong Kiat, Jonathan Yap, See Hooi Ewe, Nishanth Thiagarajan, Shaw Yang Chia, Mohammed Rizwan, Soo Teik Lim, Victor Chao, Kay Woon Ho
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Covid-19: UK government calls on industry to help boost testing capacity to 25 000 people a day
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2020)

As many as 25 000 people a day will be tested for covid-19 in NHS hospitals within weeks in a push to increase capacity, the government has said.

The announcement followed a meeting at Downing Street on 17 March, in which the prime minister and the health secretary told industry leaders that they would be given whatever support they needed to help the government boost testing capabilities throughout the country as quickly as possible.

The government’s focus will remain on testing the highest priority cases first—namely, patients in intensive care units and those with severe respiratory illness. Ministers said that officials were …
Patient assessment of measures of bowel function during and after pelvic radiation therapy: An ancillary study of North Central Cancer Treatment Group study N00CA.
Authors: Pamela J. Atherton, Michele Y. Halyard, Jeff A. Sloan, Robert C. Miller, Richard L. Deming, Tak Hing P. Tai, Kathy J. Stien, James A. Martenson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e16572 Background: The Bowel Function Questionnaire (BFQ) has been used in clinical trials to document patient-reported symptoms following pelvic radiation therapy (RT). This study evaluated the importance patients placed on the symptoms included in the BFQ as measured by a Content Validity Questionnaire (CVQ). Methods: Patients treated with pelvic RT assessed symptoms and importance at baseline, after completion of RT (4 weeks), and 12 and 24 months. BFQ measured quality of life (QOL) and symptoms of: nocturnal bowel movements, incontinence, greater than one bowel movement in 30 minutes, need for protective clothing, inability to differentiate stool and gas, liquid bowel movements, urgency, cramping, and bleeding. Bowel movement frequency was also assessed. Symptoms were rated via the CVQ as “not very important,” “moderately unimportant,” “neutral,” “moderately important,” or “very important." Summary statistics were compiled. Fisher Exact, Chi-Square and Wilcoxon methodology compared BFQ and CVQ results. Results: 125 patients participated. All symptoms were rated as moderately important or very important by most patients.Measures of bowel function of greatest importance (moderately or very important) at baseline were ability to control bowel movements (94%), not having to wear protective clothing (90%), and not having rectal bleeding (93%). In general, patients gave similar ratings of symptom importance at all time points in the study and ratings were independent of whether the symptom was experienced. With the exception of the need for protective clothing, the presence of a symptom at 4 weeks was associated with significantly worse QOL (p-values &lt; 0.001 to 0.005). Conclusions: The BFQ has excellent content validity. Patients rated most symptoms measured by the BFQ as moderately important or very important, indicating the BFQ is an appropriate tool for symptom assessment during and after pelvic RT. With the exception of the need for protective clothing, the presence of every symptom measured by the BFQ was associated with worse QOL. These criteria make them appropriate targets for future research to mitigate radiation-related bowel dysfunction.
From Bayesian modeling to genomic mapping: Biologic validity of predictive single nucleotide polymorphism networks for chemotherapy-related side effects.
Authors: Stephen T. Sonis, Lee Steven Schwartzberg, Susan M Weidner, Gil Alterovitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

9535 Background: Using proprietary Bayesian network (BN) algorithms, we discovered interacting single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-BNs predicting patient-risk for 6 chemotherapy (CT)-induced side effects (SEs): oral mucositis (OM), diarrhea (D), CT-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), fatigue, cognitive dysfunction (CD) and peripheral neuropathy (PN). To assess biologic validity, SNP-BNs mapped each SE to its gene loci, exploring biologic pathways for those genes. Roles of genes and pathways found in similar phenotypic diseases (e.g., Inflammatory Bowel Disease [IBD] for D, Alzheimer disease [AD] for CD, chronic fatigue syndrome [CFS] for F) were explored. Methods: Via an FDA-cleared DNA extraction kit, saliva was collected from 78 women with breast cancer (dose-dense AC+T) and 57 patients with colon cancer (FOLFOX +/- bevacizumab). We assessed 2.5M SNPs/patient (Illumina OmniQuad bead chip assays). SEs were measured via a validated tool (Patient Care Monitor). Analyzed SNP arrays and SEs discovered SNP-BNs. Final SNP-BNs per SE included gene name, symbol, and loci. Pathways and networks were analyzed for gene function and related genes, querying 6 databases (NLM, NextBio, Weizmann Institute, SPRING, Gene Ontology, AmiGO). Results: Mucosal injury-implicated networks and genes were identified, including oxidative stress, NF-κB, pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and TNF, MMPs and fibronectin breakdown (SPOCK3). D networks and genes overlapped with IBD (ERG, IER2, CASK). SNP-BNs for CINV overlapped in both CT regimens with genes for neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, substance P) and nerve impulse transmission. B3GAT1, involved with opioid-induced CINV, was identified. F networks involving genes and pathways for cytokines and skeletal muscle overlapped to CFS. CD networks involve genes in AD. PN networks mapped genes involving myelination, demyelination, inflammation, and toxic neuropathy. Conclusions: SNP-BNs predicting CT-induced SEs mapped to genes associated with known biology of each SE, sharing central traits with other diseases, and are targets for drug discovery in cancer-related SEs and unmet needs, including AD.
PCSK9 INHIBITION AND AORTIC STENOSIS IN THE FOURIER TRIAL
Authors: Brian Bergmark, Michelle O’Donoghue, Sabina Murphy, Julia Kuder, Marat V. Ezhov, Richard Ceska, Ioanna Gouni-Berthold, Henrik Kjærulf Jensen, Sadberk Lale Tokgozoglu, François Mach, Kurt Huber, Zbigniew Gaciong, Basil S. Lewis, Francois Schiele, Johan Wouter Jukema, Terje Pedersen, Robert Giugliano, Marc Steven Sabatine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Effects of radiotherapy and substance P on MIP-2 (macrophage inflammatory protein-2) levels in metastatic breast carcinoma cell lines.
Authors: Aylin Fidan Korcum, Sule Kale, Nuray Erin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e21130 Background: Breast cancer is ranked second among the most common cancers in the world. Radiotherapy (RT) is known to reduce the risk of the recurrence in cancer treatment. Substance P (SP), binds to the Neurokinin-1 (NK 1 ) receptor which plays a role in inflammation, proliferation, angiogenesis and migration in cancer cells. MIP-2 (Macrophage inflammatory protein 2, IL-8 in human which has been currently understood to play a role in carcinogenesis is an inflammatory CXC chemokine. The aim of this study is to show whether MIP-2 levels alter with RT and whether SP has a role in this alteration. Methods: In this study, we investigated the effects of SP, NK 1 receptor antagonist (NK 1 RA) and RT on cell proliferation and MIP-2 secretion in 4T1 cells. 4T1 cells were derived from spontaneously formed breast tumors in Balb-c mice. We have cultured its subsets from metastatic lesions, and we named them as 4THM (heart metastasis), 4TLM (liver metastasis), 4TBM (brain metastasis). Cells were plated as 400-500 cells per well in a 96 well plate containing medium with 5% FBS. After 24-48 hours, cells were applied NK 1 RA and SP. After 3-4 hours of treatment, the group of RT was irradiated with 45 Gy. The proliferation of the cells was evaluated 48 hours after treatment. This proliferation was evaluated using WST cell proliferation reagent (WST-1, Roche). MIP-2 levels were measured with ELISA. Results: We observed that RT reduced the proliferation of cells in a ratio of 30,2 % in 4T1 cells, 43,9 % in 4THM cells, 44,7 % in 4TLM cells and 34 % in 4TBM cells. 4THM, 4TBM cells have the highest MIP-2 secretion, which was further increased after RT. Also, it was observed that SP, 10 -8 M concentration decreased the RT-induced MIP-2 secretion. Conclusions: Increasing MIP-2 secretiondue to RT can precipitate cancer development and SP can be used as a therapeutic aim to prevent such an increase.
SAFETY OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI) IN PATIENTS WITH A PACEMAKER OR DEFIBRILLATOR WITH EPICARDIAL AND/OR ABANDONED LEADS
Authors: Michael Pierpoline, Rachael Rodich, Katherine Christensen, Arslan Naeem, Rigoberto Ramirez, Rhean Linette Pimentel, Raghuveer Dendi, Loren Berenbom, Martin Emert, Madhu Reddy, Seth H. Sheldon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
CLO20-053: Plinabulin, a Potent Inducer of Haptoglobin Production for the Prevention of Tissue Iron Overload in Patients Receiving Blood Transfusions Chronically
Authors: Ramon Mohanlal, Lan Huang
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2020)

"CLO20-053: Plinabulin, a Potent Inducer of Haptoglobin Production for the Prevention of Tissue Iron Overload in Patients Receiving Blood Transfusions Chronically" published on 20 Mar 2020 by National Comprehensive Cancer Network.
Transfer and loss of allergen‐specific responses via stem cell transplantation: A prospective observational study
Authors: Markus Debiasi, Herbert Pichler, Florian Klinglmüller, Heidrun Boztug, Klara Schmidthaler, Jonas Rech, David Scherer, Christian Lupinek, Rudolf Valenta, Ewa Kacinska‐Pfaller, Rene Geyeregger, Gerhard Fritsch, Oskar A. Haas, Christina Peters, Thomas Lion, Mübeccel Akdis, Susanne Matthes, Cezmi A. Akdis, Zsolt Szépfalusi, Thomas Eiwegger
Journal: Allergy (2020)

Abstract Background Currently, no estimates can be made on the impact of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on allergy transfer or cure of the disease. By using component‐resolved diagnosis, we prospectively investigated 50 donor‐recipient pairs undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation. This allowed calculating the rate of transfer or maintenance of allergen‐specific responses in the context of stem cell transplantation. Methods Allergen‐specific IgE and IgG to 156 allergens was measured pretransplantation in 50 donors and recipients and at 6, 12 and 24 months in recipients post‐transplantation by allergen microarray. Based on a mixed effects model, we determined risks of transfer of allergen‐specific IgE or IgG responses 24 months post‐transplantation. Results After undergoing stem cell transplantation, 94% of allergen‐specific IgE responses were lost. Two years post‐transplantation, recipients' allergen‐specific IgE was significantly linked to the pretransplantation donor or recipient status. The estimated risk to transfer and maintain individual IgE responses to allergens by stem cell transplantation was 1.7% and 2.3%, respectively. Allergen‐specific IgG, which served as a surrogate marker of maintaining protective IgG responses, was highly associated with the donor's (31.6%) or the recipient's (28%) pretransplantation response. Conclusion Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation profoundly reduces allergen‐specific IgE responses but also comes with a considerable risk to transfer allergen‐specific immune responses. These findings facilitate clinical decision‐making regarding allergic diseases in the context of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In addition, it provides prospective data to estimate the risk of transmitting allergen‐specific responses via hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
5-YEAR OUTCOME OF PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION VS. CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS SURGERY FOR PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH UNPROTECTED LEFT MAIN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AND PROPENSITY SCORE ADJUSTED STUDIES
Authors: Wasawat Vutthikraivit, Jakrin Kewcharoen, Narut Prasitlumkum, Prapaipan Putthapiban, Rasikh Ajmal, Saranapoom Klomjit, M Rubayat Rahman, Barbara Mantilla, Pattara Rattanawong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
THE USE OF INTRACARDIAC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY DURING ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ABLATION AND ITS IMPACT ON OUTCOMES: A 14-YEAR ANALYSIS (2001-2014)
Authors: Ameesh Isath, Deepak Padmanabhan, Stuthi Perimbeti, Ashish Correa, Bharat Narasimhan, Anwar Chahal, Shenthar Jayaprakash, Samuel Asirvatham, Davendra Mehta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
EFFECT OF CATHETER ABLATION FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: Samarthkumar Thakkar, Shilpkumar Arora, Harsh Patel, Chinmay Jani, Sopan Lahewala, Yash Varma, Abhishek Deshmukh, Juan F. Viles-Gonzalez, Mohan Rao
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DP/DT CHANGE IN RESPONSE TO INOTROPE PREDICTS RIGHT VENTRICULAR FAILURE IN PATIENTS WITH LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE
Authors: Dan ‘Leslie’ Li, Vineet Agrawal, Gabriel Hernandez, Evan L. Brittain, Ashish Shah, Lisa A. Mendes, JoAnn Lindenfeld
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Abstract 16027: The Decision-Making of Treatment and Outcome in Elderly Chinese Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Qinghao Zhao, Haiyan Xu, Yongjian Wu, Bin Zhang
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Prevalence of aortic stenosis (AS) steadily increases with age. There is a consensus that intervention should be advised in patients with severe, symptomatic AS. Decision to operate rai...