tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of intramuscular fat accumulation on survival in stage II/III gastric cancer.
Authors: Yuhei Waki, Rie Makuuchi, Tomoyuki Irino, Satoshi Kamiya, Yutaka Tanizawa, Etsuro Bando, Taiichi Kawamura, Masanori Terashima
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

19 Background: Intramuscular fat accumulation of skeletal muscle has been reported to be a prognostic factor in various cancers. To evaluate the intramuscular steatosis, intramuscular adipose tissue content (IMAC) measured by CT scan is thought to be an ideal method. However, this kind of study is very limited in curatively resected gastric cancer. So, this study was aimed to clarify the impact of IMAC on survival in stage II/III gastric cancer (GC). Methods: A total of 383 patients with pathological stage II/III GC after curative gastrectomy between January 2009 and December 2013 were included. IMAC was calculated by dividing the CT value of the multifidus muscles with that of the subcutaneous fat at the level of third lumbar vertebra. The IMAC cut-off values associated with cancer-specific survival (CSS) were separated by sex based on the maximum values of Youden index (sensitivity + specificity -1). Patients were classified into normal or high IMAC group according to this cut-off value. Clinicopathological factors and survival outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results: The median values of IMAC were -0.327 (IQR: -0.404- -0.250) in male and -0.239 (IQR: -0.335- -0.114) in female. The cut-off values of IMAC were -0.345 in male and -0.126 in female. Patients were classified into normal IMAC group (n = 204) and high IMAC group (n = 179). Patients in the high IMAC group were elderly, male, obese, having many comorbidities and with poor ECOG-PS compared to those in the normal IMAC group. Interestingly, despite the fact that no significant differences were observed in the pathological findings between the groups, the overall survival and CSS were significantly worse in the high IMAC group than in the normal IMAC group (p &lt; 0.001 and p = 0.035). Moreover, the high IMAC was identified as an independent prognostic factor not only for overall survival but also for CSS (HR: 1.440, p = 0.021, HR: 1.646, p = 0.008, respectively). Conclusions: The high IMAC was significantly associated with worse survival, suggesting that IMAC represents certain oncological implications in patients with GC. Therefore, IMAC could be used as a new prognostic factor in curatively resected GC.
OCT-Based Diagnostic Criteria for Different Stages of Myopic Maculopathy
Authors: Yuxin Fang, Ran Du, Natsuko Nagaoka, Tae Yokoi, Kosei Shinohara, Xian Xu, Hiroyuki Takahashi, Yuka Onishi, Takeshi Yoshida, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui
Journal: Ophthalmology (2019)
In middle-aged adults, Astro-CHARM was better than a standard risk factor model for predicting 10-year ASCVD risk
Authors: Adam J. Nelson, Christopher B. Granger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

Source Citation Khera A, Budoff MJ, O’Donnell CJ, et al. Astronaut Cardiovascular Health and Risk Modification (Astro-CHARM) coronary calcium atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk calculator. Circulation. 2018;138:1819-27. 30354651
Abstract 17960: Non-invasive Estimation of Right Atrial Pressure Using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Jose R Po, Matthew S Tong, Isabel Pitti, Chinmaya Mareddy, Mark Doyle, Robert W Biederman, Moneal Shah
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Right atrial pressure (RAP) is an important hemodynamic parameter in the management of pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients. Echocardiography (TTE) has been the predominant modality for...
The Appropriate Cut-Off Value of Interferon-Gamma ELISpot Assay for Drug Hypersensitivity Diagnosis in Clinical Practice
Authors: Thitima Kantachatvanich, Yuda Chongpison, Pattarawat Thantiworasit, Nithikan Suthumcha, Supranee Buranapraditkun, Pawinee Rerknimitr, Prattana Sittiwattanawong, Hiroshi Chantaphakul, Jettanong Klaewsongkram
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Plasma hyaluronan is a predictive marker for pegvorhyaluronidase alfa (PEGPH20; PVHA) response in a phase II study of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Authors: Darin Taverna, Marie Printz, Michael J. LaBarre, Rose E. Sekulovich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

404 Background: Hyaluronan (HA) can be a constituent of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Accumulation of HA in the TME may result in elevated interstitial pressure, vascular compression, hypoxia, and reduced drug delivery and immune cell access. Pegvorhyaluronidase alfa (PEGPH20; PVHA) enzymatically degrades HA, potentially increasing access and antitumor efficacy of cytotoxic and immuno-therapies. Liquid biopsies may provide a non-invasive approach to predict therapeutic efficacy of PVHA. Methods: Total plasma HA was analyzed as a pharmacodynamic biomarker for PVHA activity in HALO 109-202 (NCT01839487), a Phase 2, open-label, two-stage randomized study of PVHA + nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine (PAG) vs AG only, in previously untreated patients with Stage IV metastatic PDAC. HA was measured with a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) disaccharide assay using baseline plasma samples from Stage 1 (n = 132) and Stage 2 (n = 128) of the study. Results: Lower baseline plasma HA values were significantly correlated with survival outcomes, predicting progression-free survival (PFS) benefit in PVHA-treated patients in Stages 1 and 2, and overall survival (OS) benefit in PVHA-treated patients in Stage 2 (Table). Conclusions: These results support further exploration of a liquid biopsy-based companion diagnostic (CDx) for predicting the therapeutic efficacy of PVHA. [Table: see text]
Skin lipid abnormalities in patients with a history of eczema herpeticum indicate the involvement of the sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling system In HSV viral replication
Authors: Evgeny Berdyshev, Elena Goleva, John Jung, Irina Bronova, Kathryn A. Norquest, Brittany N. Richers, Donald Y.M. Leung
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
The Irish Personalized Approach to the Treatment of Haemophilia (iPATH) - Determinants of Inter-Individual Variation in FVIII Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Michelle Lavin, Niamh Larkin, Anjali Patel, Evelyn Singleton, Mary Byrne, Kevin Ryan, Niamh M O'Connell, Birgit M Reipert, Steven Pipe, Peter L Turecek, James S O'Donnell
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 19979: Endothelium-specific Increase in ROS has Protective Effects on Vascular Endothelium in Ischemic Myocardium
Authors: Ehtesham Shafique, Karla Reichert, Bonnie Colantuono, Anali Torina, Elizabeth Harrington, Frank Sellke, Ruhul Abid
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Increased ROS is often associated with vascular pathology. Recent findings demonstrated that increases in NADPH oxidase-derived endothelium (EC)-specific ROS improved coronary endothelial function by activating AMPK-eNOS signaling pathway. Here, we examined the effects of EC-ROS on vessel density in post-infarct ischemic myocardium. Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis that increased EC-ROS induces AMPK-FOXO1-mediated overexpression of mitochondrial antioxidant MnSOD, which in turn has protective effects on vascular endothelium in ischemic myocardium. Methods: Our binary (Tet-ON/OFF) conditional transgenic mouse (Tet-Nox2:VE-Cad-tTA) induces 1.8±0.42-fold increase in NADPH oxidase-derived ROS in endothelium. Using these animals, we have induced myocardial infarction by LAD (left anterior descending) ligation. Results: Co-immunostaining of the ischemic myocardium using anti-CD31 and anti-SMA antibodies demonstrated that there was an increase in capillary density (by 38± 6.45; p&lt;0.05) in Tet-Nox2:VE-Cad-tTA mice with high EC-ROS. Isolated mouse heart ECs showed an increase in AMPK-Foxo1-mediated expression of MnSOD in Tet-Nox2:VE-Cad-tTA mice compared to control. Together, these findings suggest that increase in EC-ROS increases mitochondrial antioxidant MnSOD, which in turn protects coronary endothelium in myocardial ischemia. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the endothelial ROS may play an important role in myocardial preservation.
Oral chemotherapy as second-line treatment option for gemcitabine-refractory advanced pancreatic cancer with poor performance status.
Authors: Se Jun Park, Myung Ah Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

405 Background: There is few data for effective second-line treatment in advanced pancreatic cancer, and most patients have poor performance status after progressive disease. We evaluated the efficacy, toxicity, and median dose intensity of oral chemotherapy, capecitabine, or TS-1 in gemcitabine-refractory advanced pancreatic cancer for second-line treatment. Methods: Patients who have progressive disease after first-line gemcitabine-based chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed between Jan. 2011 and Nov. 2017. These patients were treated with capecitabine or TS-1 as second-line treatment. Capecitabine were administered as 2,500 mg/m 2 divided dose on day 1-14, followed by one week rest. In TS-1 group, TS-1 was taken orally based on patient’s BSA (60mg twice daily in BSA &gt; 1.5, 50mg twice daily in BSA 1.25-1.5, and 40mg twice daily in BSA &lt; 1.25) through 28 days, by two week rest. Median dose intensity was compared by calculating a percent of target dose achieved in the average cycle for each patient. Results: Of the total 62 patients, 41 patients were treated with capecitabine and 21 patients were treated with TS-1. The median age was 61 years for the capecitabine group compared with 62 years for the TS-1 group. In capecitabine group, males were 56%, and in TS-1 group, males were 66%. 29% of capecitabine group received prior fluorouracil base therapy, and 47% of TS-1 group were receiving such therapy. The objective response rate was similar in the two groups: 12.2% with capecitabine and 4.8% with TS-1 (p = 0.358). There was no difference in median progression free survival between capecitabine and TS-1 (2.1 months vs. 2.7 months, p = 0.102), however, TS-1 group showed better median overall survival time than capecitabine group (6.9 months vs. 4.6 months, p = 0.048). Most of the adverse events were similar in both group, except that grade 3 or 4 mucositis was more common in TS-1 group. There was no significant difference in median dose intensity between two groups. (Capecitabine 91.5% vs. TS-1 90.1%, p = 0.216). Conclusions: Oral agents such as TS-1 or capecitabine can be second-line treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer patients with poor performance status after progression to gemcitabine-based regimen.
Abstract 16994: Investigating Predictors of Rapid Aortic Root Dilation and Referral for Aortic Surgery in Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Arvind Hoskoppal, Shaji Menon, Felicia Trachtenberg, Jami C Levine, Elif Seda Selamet Tierney, Kristin M Burns, Julie De Backer, Bruce D Gelb, Marie Gleason, Jeanne James, Wyman W Lai, Aimee Liou, Lynn Mahony, Aaron K Olson, Reed E Pyeritz, Angela M Sharkey, Mario Stylianou, Stephanie B Wechsler, Luciana Young, Ronald V Lacro, Timothy J Bradley
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Few data exist regarding predictors of rapid aortic root dilation and referral for aortic surgery in Marfan syndrome (MFS). Objectives: To identify independent predictors of the rate of...
Importance of Peanuts’ Lipophilic Proteins on Diagnosis of Allergic Disease
Authors: Miriam Castillo Fernandez, Cristina Muñoz Archidona, Sergio Quevedo Teruel, Teresa Bracamonte Bermejo, Fernando Pineda De La Losa, Luis Echeverría Zudaire
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Intravitreal Aflibercept for Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Jeffrey S. Heier, Jean-François Korobelnik, David M. Brown, Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth, Diana V. Do, Edoardo Midena, David S. Boyer, Hiroko Terasaki, Peter K. Kaiser, Dennis M. Marcus, Quan D. Nguyen, Glenn J. Jaffe, Jason S. Slakter, Christian Simader, Yuhwen Soo, Thomas Schmelter, Robert Vitti, Alyson J. Berliner, Oliver Zeitz, Carola Metzig, Frank G. Holz
Journal: Ophthalmology (2016)
Effectiveness and safety of electronically delivered prescribing feedback and decision support on antibiotic use for respiratory illness in primary care: REDUCE cluster randomised trial
Authors: Martin C Gulliford, A Toby Prevost, Judith Charlton, Dorota Juszczyk, Jamie Soames, Lisa McDermott, Kirin Sultana, Mark Wright, Robin Fox, Alastair D Hay, Paul Little, Michael V Moore, Lucy Yardley, Mark Ashworth
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness and safety at population scale of electronically delivered prescribing feedback and decision support interventions at reducing antibiotic prescribing for self limiting respiratory tract infections. Design Open label, two arm, cluster randomised controlled trial. Setting UK general practices in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, randomised between 11 November 2015 and 9 August 2016, with final follow-up on 9 August 2017. Participants 79 general practices (582 675 patient years) randomised (1:1) to antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) intervention or usual care. Interventions AMS intervention comprised a brief training webinar, automated monthly feedback reports of antibiotic prescribing, and electronic decision support tools to inform appropriate prescribing over 12 months. Intervention components were delivered electronically, supported by a local practice champion nominated for the trial. Main outcome measures Primary outcome was the rate of antibiotic prescriptions for respiratory tract infections from electronic health records. Serious bacterial complications were evaluated for safety. Analysis was by Poisson regression with general practice as a random effect, adjusting for covariates. Prespecified subgroup analyses by age group were reported. Results The trial included 41 AMS practices (323 155 patient years) and 38 usual care practices (259 520 patient years). Unadjusted and adjusted rate ratios for antibiotic prescribing were 0.89 (95% confidence interval 0.68 to 1.16) and 0.88 (0.78 to 0.99, P=0.04), respectively, with prescribing rates of 98.7 per 1000 patient years for AMS (31 907 prescriptions) and 107.6 per 1000 patient years for usual care (27 923 prescriptions). Antibiotic prescribing was reduced most in adults aged 15-84 years (adjusted rate ratio 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.75 to 0.95), with one antibiotic prescription per year avoided for every 62 patients (95% confidence interval 40 to 200). There was no evidence of effect for children younger than 15 years (adjusted rate ratio 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.82 to 1.12) or people aged 85 years and older (0.97, 0.79 to 1.18); there was also no evidence of an increase in serious bacterial complications (0.92, 0.74 to 1.13). Conclusions Electronically delivered interventions, integrated into practice workflow, result in moderate reductions of antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections in adults, which are likely to be of importance for public health. Antibiotic prescribing to very young or old patients requires further evaluation. Trial registration ISRCTN95232781.
Patient Reported Financial Toxicity in Acute Leukemia
Authors: Thomas G. Knight, Myra Robinson, Michael R. Grunwald, Lauren M. Bohannon, Erin Blackwell, Jing Ai, Brittany Ragon, Rhonda Davis, Cindy Shiflett, Erica Ruston, Jigar Trivedi, Justin Arnall, Belinda Rene Avalos, James T Symanowski, Edward A. Copelan, Jonathan M. Gerber
Journal: Blood (2018)
Comparison of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy for resectable pancreatic cancer using Markov decision modeling.
Authors: Minsig Choi, Sayaka Ishizawa, Yan Liang, Sina Rashidian, Aaron R. Sasson, Eugene Feinberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

448 Background: Meta-analysis of smaller studies have shown that neoadjuvant chemotherapy is more beneficial for patients with resectable pancreatic cancer than upfront surgery by comparing life expectancy (LE) and quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) computed from Markov models. The study results utilized literature data using several small clinical trials but no individual patient data was used and only gemzar based therapy was studied. Methods: Markov model was used to calculate the LE and QALE for adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy and individual patient parameters was used in the model to refine certain clinical outcome datapoints. We used 278 patients pancreatic cancer data from 2008 to 2017 from Stony Brook University and used the literature data from randomized clinical trials studying gemzar (GEM), gemzar and capecitabine (GEM+CAP) and modified FOLFIRINOX (mFOL). The median OS for each model was obtained by computer simulation. Results: Intensive adjuvant chemotherapy using mFOL had best simulation outcome with median OS (52.5 months), LE (81.5 months), and QALE (65.0 quality-adjusted life months) compared to using GEM (40.5, 66.5, and 52.9 months for median OS, LE, and QALE), GEM+CAP (16.5, 28.0, and 21.9 months for median OS, LE, and QALE), and 5-FU (16.5, 26.9, and 21.1 months for median OS, LE, and QALE). The neoadjuvant chemotherapy approach improved LE and QALE but not in median OS when compared to adjuvant therapy. Conclusions: Mathematical modeling confirms the improved clinical outcome for modified FOLFIRINOX in resectable pancreatic cancer. The benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy approach suggest further clinical trials are needed to determine the better treatment strategy for pancreatic cancer patients.
Short lymphocyte, but not granulocyte, telomere length in a subset of patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Katja Lakota, Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu, Rishi Agrawal, Mary Carns, Mary Armanios, John Varga
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) affects up to 40% of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and is the leading cause of death.1 The risk of ILD is increased in SSc patients who are older and antitopoisomerase-1 antibody (ATA) positive.2 SSc-ILD shares features with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), although these two fibrosing lung diseases have different natural histories. Telomere shortening is the best-defined risk factor for IPF. In familial IPF, mutations in seven telomerase and telomere-related genes explain familial clustering in 30% of cases.3 Sporadic forms of IPF are also associated with telomere shortening in 50%–60% of cases.4 5 In IPF, short telomeres are found across cell types, which is consistent with an inherited and systemic defect in telomere maintenance.4 Previous studies of telomere length (TL) in patients with SSc have yielded conflicting results, with some studies showing longer and others shorter TL compared with age-matched controls.6 7 A major caveat in these studies is that TL was measured using techniques that are both highly variable and fail to distinguish TL among leucocyte subsets. Moreover, these studies failed to examine the impact of ILD on TL.We therefore sought to determine TL in patients with SSc and associated ILD using a clinically validated robust assay that allows accurate measurement of TL in lymphocytes and granulocytes by flow cytometry and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (flowFISH).8 9 

Subjects were evaluated at the Northwestern Scleroderma Program between 2013 and 2014 and …
Providing Diagnoses in Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes through Multimodal Comprehensive Genomic Evaluation and Multidisciplinary Care: The Melbourne Genomics Health Alliance Bone Marrow Failure Flagship
Authors: Georgina L Ryland, Lucy C Fox, Ella Thompson, Graham John Lieschke, David Hughes, Francoise Marie Mechinaud, Anthea Louise Greenway, Janine Campbell, Erica M Wood, Jennifer Lickiss, Joel Wight, Constantine S. Tam, Alison Trainer, Elly Lynch, Melissa Martyn, Clara Gaff, David Ritchie, Piers Blombery
Journal: Blood (2018)
Coats Plus Syndrome
Authors: Adrien Collin, Augustin Lecler
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Abstract 20483: Characterization of Type B Acute Aortic Dissection Patients With Presenting Spinal Cord Ischemia
Authors: Jonathan Silverberg, Thomas G Gleason, Maral Ouzounian, Reed E Pyeritz, Marek P Ehrlich, Takeyoshi Ota, Eduardo Bossone, Stuart Hutchison, Truls Myrmel, Mark D Peterson, Gilbert R Upchurch, Daniel G Montgomery, Eric M Isselbacher, Christoph A Nienaber, Kim A Eagle, Himanshu J Patel
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Spinal cord ischemia (SCI) is a devastating complication of type B acute aortic dissection (TBAAD). Several studies have focused on TBAAD patients who develop post-procedure SCI, but there is minimal data on TBAAD patients who develop SCI as a consequence of dissection, either pre-procedure or with medical management alone. This study aims to better characterize these patients. Methods: This study looked at TBAAD patients enrolled in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (IRAD) with presenting SCI (n=52), defined as those who were either diagnosed with SCI at admission (n=41), were medically managed and developed SCI in-hospital (n=3), or were procedural patients who developed SCI in-hospital prior to surgery or endovascular therapy (n=8). Clinical factors and in-hospital and post-discharge outcomes associated with SCI were evaluated. Results: Presenting clinical factors associated with presenting SCI included pulse deficits (46.5% v. 24.8%, p=0.001), ischemic peripheral neur...
Disease Tolerance as an Inherent Component of Immunity
Authors: Rui Martins, Ana Rita Carlos, Faouzi Braza, Jessica A. Thompson, Patricia Bastos-Amador, Susana Ramos, Miguel P. Soares
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2019)

Pathogenic organisms exert a negative impact on host health, revealed by the clinical signs of infectious diseases. Immunity limits the severity of infectious diseases through resistance mechanisms that sense and target pathogens for containment, killing, or expulsion. These resistance mechanisms are viewed as the prevailing function of immunity. Under pathophysiologic conditions, however, immunity arises in response to infections that carry health and fitness costs to the host. Therefore, additional defense mechanisms are required to limit these costs, before immunity becomes operational as well as thereafter to avoid immunopathology. These are tissue damage control mechanisms that adjust the metabolic output of host tissues to different forms of stress and damage associated with infection. Disease tolerance is the term used to define this defense strategy, which does not exert a direct impact on pathogens but is essential to limit the health and fitness costs of infection. Under this argument, we propose that disease tolerance is an inherent component of immunity.