tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Annals Consult Guys - Ouch! Imaging and the Prevention of Kidney Stones
Authors: Geno J. Merli, Howard H. Weitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Web Exclusives21 January 2020Annals Consult Guys - Ouch! Imaging and the Prevention of Kidney StonesFREEGeno J. Merli, MD, Howard H. Weitz, MDGeno J. Merli, MDThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.J.M., H.H.W.)Search for more papers by this author, Howard H. Weitz, MDThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.J.M., H.H.W.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/W19-0034 CME/MOC SectionsSupplemental MaterialAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Annals Consult Guys brings a new perspective to the art and science of medicine with lively discussion and analysis of real-world cases and situations. They address medically relevant topics—whether they be poignant, thought-provoking, or just plain entertaining.For more videos from and information on Annals Consult Guys, visit go.annals.org/ConsultGuys. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.J.M., H.H.W.)Disclosures: Geno J. Merli, MD, and Howard H. Weitz, MD, report that they have no financial relationships or interests to disclose.Editors' Disclosures: Christine Laine, MD, MPH, Editor in Chief, reports that her spouse has stock options/holdings with Targeted Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Darren B. Taichman, MD, PhD, Executive Editor, reports that he has no financial relationships or interests to disclose. Cynthia D. Mulrow, MD, MSc, Senior Deputy Editor, reports that she has no relationships or interests to disclose. Jaya K. Rao, MD, MHS, Deputy Editor, reports that she has stock holdings/options in Eli Lilly and Pfizer. Christina C. Wee, MD, MPH, Deputy Editor, reports employment with Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Sankey V. Williams, MD, Deputy Editor, reports that he has no financial relationships or interests to disclose. Yu-Xiao Yang, MD, MSCE, Deputy Editor, reports that he has no financial relationships or interest to disclose. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 January 2020Volume 172, Issue 2Page: CG1KeywordsDiagnostic techniquesDisclosureKidney stones ePublished: 21 January 2020 Issue Published: 21 January 2020 CopyrightCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Age-Associated B Cells
Authors: Michael P. Cancro
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2020)

The age-associated B cell subset has been the focus of increasing interest over the last decade. These cells have a unique cell surface phenotype and transcriptional signature, and they rely on TLR7 or TLR9 signals in the context of Th1 cytokines for their formation and activation. Most are antigen-experienced memory B cells that arise during responses to microbial infections and are key to pathogen clearance and control. Their increasing prevalence with age contributes to several well-established features of immunosenescence, including reduced B cell genesis and damped immune responses. In addition, they are elevated in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, and in these settings they are enriched for characteristic autoantibody specificities. Together, these features identify age-associated B cells as a subset with pivotal roles in immunological health, disease, and aging. Accordingly, a detailed understanding of their origins, functions, and physiology should make them tractable translational targets in each of these settings.
Abstract 209: The Triple CPR 16 study: Does rhythm truly needed to be checked every 2 minutes in Cardiopulmonary Arrest Patients?
Authors: Ryosuke Takegawa, Tadahiko Shiozaki, Mitsuo Ohnishi, Jotaro Tachino, Takashi Muroya, Tomohiko Sakai, Koichi Hayakawa, Takeshi Shimazu
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Purpose: Current guidelines recommend rhythm checks every 2 minutes during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), but evidence for this recommendation is insufficient. Recent reports identified regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO 2 ) monitoring as useful in detecting return of spontaneous resuscitation (ROSC) and that coronary and cerebral perfusion decreases with the 2-minute rhythm check. On the basis of our previous study, we began the TripleCPR 16 study, which omits 2-minute rhythm checks because stopping chest compression to check rhythm may increase cerebral damage and decrease the ROSC. Methods: The multicenter, prospective TripleCPR 16 study began in January 2017. The inclusion criterion is a cardiopulmonary arrest patient aged ≥16 years with a non-shockable rhythm on hospital arrival. Subjects are divided into 3 groups based on their mean cerebral rSO 2 value in the first minute of arrival: ≥50%, &lt;50% to 40%, and &lt;40%. Continuous mechanical chest compression is performed on all subjects for 16 minutes or until their rSO 2 value exceeds the initial value by 10%, 20%, or 35%, respectively. We are comparing the TripleCPR 16 study results with our previous hospital data obtained from 90 patients who underwent every 2-minute rhythm checks and mechanical chest compression. Result: Currently, 162 patients are registered. Rates of ROSC were 32.1% for these patients and 38.9% for the previous 90 patients (p=0.33). There were no severe adverse events. Subanalysis of the data of Osaka University Hospital alone showed no significant increase of rSO 2 value in the 24 patients with non-sonographic cardiac activity and 21 patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection diagnosed by CT scan, and only one patient in each group achieved ROSC. When excluding the patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection, rates of ROSC were 49.4% for the patients in this study and 39.3% for the previous 90 patients (p=0.21). Conclusion: The TripleCPR 16 study is ongoing without severe adverse events. In the patients with non-sonographic cardiac activity or Stanford type A aortic dissection, rSO 2 values did not increase and it was difficult to achieve ROSC. The 2-minute rhythm check is not essential for chest compression in patients with a non-shockable rhythm.
内分泌・代謝疾患:ニコチンアミドヌクレオチドトランスヒドロゲナーゼをコードするNNTの変異は家族性グルココルチコイド欠損症を引き起こす
Authors: Meimaridou Eirini, Kowalczyk Julia, Guasti Leonardo, Hughes Claire R, Chapple J Paul, King Peter J, Clark Adrian J L, Metherell Louise A, Wagner Florian, Nuernberg Peter, Frommolt Peter, Mann Nicholas P, Banerjee Ritwik, Saka H Nurcin
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
Medicinal chemistry strategies to discover P-glycoprotein inhibitors: An update
Authors: Jinyun Dong, Zuodong Qin, Wei-Dong Zhang, Gang Cheng, Assaraf G. Yehuda, Charles R. Ashby, Zhe-Sheng Chen, Xiang-Dong Cheng, Jiang-Jiang Qin
Journal: Drug Resistance Updates (2020)
Circulating Tumor Cells Are Associated with Recurrent Disease in Patients with Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy
Authors: Melissa A. Frick, Steven J. Feigenberg, Samuel R. Jean-Baptiste, Louise A. Aguarin, Amberly Mendes, Chimbu Chinniah, Sam Swisher-McClure, Abigail Berman, William Levin, Keith A. Cengel, Stephen M. Hahn, Jay F. Dorsey, Charles B. Simone, Gary D. Kao
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Although stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is effective in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), approximately 10%-15% of patients will fail regionally and 20%-25% distantly. We evaluate a novel circulating tumor cell (CTC) assay as a prognostic marker for increased risk of recurrence following SBRT.Ninety-two subjects (median age, 71 years) with T1a (64%), T1b (23%), or T2a (13%) stage I NSCLC treated with SBRT were prospectively enrolled. CTCs were enumerated by utilizing a GFP-expressing adenoviral probe that detects elevated telomerase activity in cancer cells. Samples were obtained before, during, and serially up to 24 months after treatment. SBRT was delivered to a median dose of 50 Gy (range, 40-60 Gy), mostly commonly in four to five fractions (92%).Thirty-eight of 92 subjects (41%) had a positive CTC test prior to SBRT. A cutoff of ≥5 CTCs/mL before treatment defined favorable (n = 78) and unfavorable (n = 14) prognostic groups. Increased risk of nodal (P = 0.04) and distant (P = 0.03) failure was observed in the unfavorable group. Within 3 months following SBRT, CTCs continued to be detected in 10 of 35 (29%) subjects. Persistent detection of CTCs was associated with increased risk of distant failure (P = 0.04) and trended toward increased regional (P = 0.08) and local failure (P = 0.16).Higher pretreatment CTCs and persistence of CTCs posttreatment is significantly associated with increased risk of recurrence outside the targeted treatment site. This suggests that CTC analysis may potentially identify patients at higher risk for regional or distant recurrences and who may benefit from either systemic therapy and/or timely locoregional salvage treatment.
A13 A Functional Genomics Approach Highlights New Therapeutic Opportunities for KRAS-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: F. Reggiani, E. Sauta, G. Gobbi, B. Donati, I. Faria Do Valle, F. Torricelli, D.C. Ambrosetti, A. Ciarrocchi, V. Sancisi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020)
Targeted therapy guided by single-cell transcriptomic analysis in drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome: a case report
Authors: Doyoung Kim, Tetsuro Kobayashi, Benjamin Voisin, Jay-Hyun Jo, Keiko Sakamoto, Seon-Pil Jin, Michael Kelly, Helena B. Pasieka, Jessica L. Naff, Jon H. Meyerle, Ijeoma D. Ikpeama, Gary A. Fahle, Fred P. Davis, Sergio D. Rosenzweig, Julie C. Alejo, Stefania Pittaluga, Heidi H. Kong, Alexandra F. Freeman, Keisuke Nagao
Journal: Nature Medicine (2020)
Medical Abbreviations: 4200 Conveniences at the Expense of Communications and Safety.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Medical abbreviations: 8600 conveniences at the expense of communications and safety , Medical abbreviations: 8600 conveniences at the expense of communications and safety , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
B03 JNJ-61186372, an Fc Effector Enhanced EGFR/cMet Bispecific Antibody, Induces EGFR/cMet Downmodulation and Efficacy Through Monocyte and Macrophage Trogocytosis
Authors: S. Vijayaraghavan, L. Lipfert, K. Chevalier, B. Bushey, B. Henley, R. Lenhart, J. Sendecki, M. Beqiri, H.J. Millar, K. Packman, M.V. Lorenzi, S. Laquerre, S.L. Moores
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020)
Limited Usefulness of 18F-FDG PET/CT in Predicting Tumor Regression After Preoperative Chemotherapy for Noncardia Gastric Cancer
Authors: Paolo Morgagni, Maria Bencivenga, Eleonora Colciago, Domenico Tringali, Simone Giacopuzzi, Massimo Framarini, Luca Saragoni, Gianni Mura, Luigina Graziosi, Elisabetta Marino, Uberto Fumagalli Romario, Gianluca Baiocchi, Andrea Moretti, Vania Rossi, Giuseppe Verlato
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

Background The present study aimed to better define the usefulness of 18 F-FDG PET/CT in predicting pathological tumor response (PTR) and survival in patients with noncardia gastric cancer treated with preoperative chemotherapy. Methods Seventy-one patients were recruited in 6 Italian centers. The SUV of 18 F-FDG PET/CT was measured at baseline and after treatment, and the difference (dSUV) was computed. The association between PET indexes and PTR, assessed by the Becker score, was evaluated by nonparametric regression. The discriminant power of PET indexes with respect to the absence of PTR (Becker 2/3) was studied by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and synthesized by the area under the curve (ROC-AUC). Results dSUV allowed to partially discriminate between absence/presence of PTR, when expressed as either absolute value (ROC-AUC, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.59–0.87) or percentage (ROC-AUC, 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.59–0.89). However, only extreme values of percent dSUV were really informative. All 7 patients whose 18 F-FDG uptake had increased despite preoperative treatment showed no tumor regression at pathologic examination. Seven of the 10 patients whose metabolic response had been 70% or greater had complete or nearly complete pathologic tumor regression (Becker score 1a or 1b). The metabolic response of the remaining 54 patients, which ranged between 0% and 70%, did not permit to reliably forecast pathologic tumor regression. Survival significantly decreased with increasing Becker score but was unaffected by metabolic response. Conclusions The present study suggests that 18 F-FDG PET/CT has limited usefulness in predicting cancer regression. The lack of metabolic response in serial measurements indicates the probable ineffectiveness of preoperative treatment.
Biological basis for efficacy of activin receptor ligand traps in myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Amit Verma, Rajasekhar N.V.S. Suragani, Srinivas Aluri, Nishi Shah, Tushar D. Bhagat, Mark J. Alexander, Rami Komrokji, Ravi Kumar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Signaling by the TGF-β superfamily is important in the regulation of hematopoiesis and is dysregulated in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), contributing to ineffective hematopoiesis and clinical cytopenias. TGF-β, activins, and growth differentiation factors exert inhibitory effects on red cell formation by activating canonical SMAD2/3 pathway signaling. In this Review, we summarize evidence that overactivation of SMAD2/3 signaling pathways in MDSs causes anemia due to impaired erythroid maturation. We also describe the basis for biological activity of activin receptor ligand traps, novel fusion proteins such as luspatercept that are promising as erythroid maturation agents to alleviate anemia and related comorbidities in MDSs and other conditions characterized by impaired erythroid maturation.
Clustering of health, crime and social-welfare inequality in 4 million citizens from two nations
Authors: Leah S. Richmond-Rakerd, Stephanie D’Souza, Signe Hald Andersen, Sean Hogan, Renate M. Houts, Richie Poulton, Sandhya Ramrakha, Avshalom Caspi, Barry J. Milne, Terrie E. Moffitt
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2020)
A Novel Bioresorbable Polymer Paclitaxel-Eluting Stent for the Treatment of Single and Multivessel Coronary Disease
Authors: Mitchell W. Krucoff, Dean J. Kereiakes, John L. Petersen, Roxana Mehran, Vic Hasselblad, Alexandra J. Lansky, Peter J. Fitzgerald, Jyotsna Garg, Mark A. Turco, Charles A. Simonton, Stefan Verheye, Christophe L. Dubois, Roger Gammon, Wayne B. Batchelor, Charles D. O'Shaughnessy, James B. Hermiller, Joachim Schofer, Maurice Buchbinder, William Wijns
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Comment on Hubbard et al. Prediabetes and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease by Hypertension Status in Black Adults: The Jackson Heart Study. Diabetes Care 2019;42:2322–2329
Authors: Juan Wu, Jia-shuo Liu, Ling-quan Kong
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

Hubbard et al. (1) recently conducted a study and concluded that prediabetes was not associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality regardless of hypertension status. This study was primarily based on two Chinese studies of prediabetes (2,3), which drew a different conclusion that prediabetes significantly increased the risk of CVD when it was concomitant with hypertension. The introduction of the article by Hubbard et al. states that prediabetes is an intermediate glycemic state between normoglycemia and diabetes, including impaired fasting glucose (IFG), …
Heat-Induced Brain Vitrification from the Vesuvius Eruption in <scp>c.e.</scp> 79
Authors: Pierpaolo Petrone, Piero Pucci, Massimo Niola, Peter J Baxter, Carolina Fontanarosa, Guido Giordano, Vincenzo Graziano, Francesco Sirano, Angela Amoresano
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Vitrified Brain Tissue at Herculaneum The rapid rise in extreme heat during the Vesuvius eruption in c.e. 79 resulted in the conversion of human tissue to glass (vitrification). Among the recent fi...
B35 Circulating Tumor-Associated Cells in Lung Cancers Are Resistance-Educated per Previous Chemotherapy Treatments
Authors: D.B. Akolkar, S. Limaye, D. Patil, S. Patil, V. Mhase, S. Apurwa, S. Pawar, V. Todarwal, V. Datta, C. Sims, A. Srinivasan, R. Datar
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020)
A22 Integrated Proteometabolomic Analysis Reveals Metabolic Vulnerabilities in Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: A. Prabhu, K. Scott, P. Stewart, D. Grass, M. Fernandez, J. Koomen, T. Bannister, S. Sumner, C. Rudin, G. Denicola, J. Cleveland, E. Haura
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020)
Tumour Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors (VEGFR) Polymorphisms and Clinical Outcome in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving First Line Sunitinib
Authors: M. Bianconi, M. Scartozzi, L. Faloppi, C. Loretelli, L. Burattini, A. Bittoni, M. Del Prete, R. Giampieri, R. Montironi, S. Cascinu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Voriconazole plus terbinafine combination antifungal therapy for invasive Lomentospora prolificans infections: analysis of 41 patients from the FungiScope® registry 2008–2019
Authors: J.D. Jenks, D. Seidel, O.A. Cornely, S. Chen, S. van Hal, C. Kauffman, M.H. Miceli, M. Heinemann, M. Christner, A. Jover Sáenz, A. Burchardt, B. Kemmerling, R. Herbrecht, J. Steinmann, S. Shoham, S. Gräber, L. Pagano, D. Deeren, S. Aslam, R. Taplitz, S.G. Revankar, J. Baddley, S.R. Mehta, S. Reed, M.A. Slavin, M. Hoenigl
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)
A Novel Coronavirus Emerging in China — Key Questions for Impact Assessment
Authors: Vincent J. Munster, Marion Koopmans, Neeltje van Doremalen, Debby van Riel, Emmie de Wit
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

A Novel Coronavirus Emerging in China A novel coronavirus, designated as 2019-nCoV, emerged in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019. Although many details of the emergence of this virus remain unknown,...
Treatment of Acute Exacerbation of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. A Call to Arms
Authors: Michael Kreuter, Toby M. Maher
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

occur across the genome and need to be further explored in the context of pulmonary function and disease.Extensive research into the epigenomic changes observed in cancer cells has led to the discovery of a wide array of specific pharmacologic inhibitors and CRISPR-Cas9-based epigenome technologies as therapeutics.The current study by Morrow and colleagues provides a template for discovering new epigenetic biomarkers and points the way for targeted basic studies, with the eventual goal of discovering new classes of treatments for pulmonary disease.
A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster
Authors: Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan, Shuofeng Yuan, Kin-Hang Kok, Kelvin Kai-Wang To, Hin Chu, Jin Yang, Fanfan Xing, Jieling Liu, Cyril Chik-Yan Yip, Rosana Wing-Shan Poon, Hoi-Wah Tsoi, Simon Kam-Fai Lo, Kwok-Hung Chan, Vincent Kwok-Man Poon, Wan-Mui Chan, Jonathan Daniel Ip, Jian-Piao Cai, Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng, Honglin Chen, Christopher Kim-Ming Hui, Kwok-Yung Yuen
Journal: The Lancet (2020)

An ongoing outbreak of pneumonia associated with a novel coronavirus was reported in Wuhan city, Hubei province, China. Affected patients were geographically linked with a local wet market as a potential source. No data on person-to-person or nosocomial transmission have been published to date.
First small-molecule PROTACs for G protein-coupled receptors: inducing 1A-adrenergic receptor degradation
Authors: Zhenzhen Li, Yuxing Lin, Hui Song, Xiaojun Qin, Zhongxia Yu, Zheng Zhang, Gaopan Dong, Xiang Li, Xiaodong Shi, Lupei Du, Wei Zhao, Minyong Li
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2020)

Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are dual-functional hybrid molecules that can selectively recruit an E3 ubiquitin ligase to a target protein to direct the protein into the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), thereby selectively reducing the target protein level by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Nowadays, small-molecule PROTACs are gaining popularity as tools to degrade pathogenic protein. Herein, we present the first small-molecule PROTACs that can induce the α1A-adrenergic receptor (α1A-AR) degradation, which is also the first small-molecule PROTACs for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to our knowledge. These degradation inducers were developed through conjugation of known α1-adrenergic receptors (α1-ARs) inhibitor prazosin and cereblon (CRBN) ligand pomalidomide through the different linkers. The representative compound 9c is proved to inhibit the proliferation of PC-3 cells and result in tumor growth regression, which highlighted the potential of our study as a new therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer.
Familial pulmonary arterial hypertension by <i>KDR</i> heterozygous loss of function
Authors: Mélanie Eyries, David Montani, Barbara Girerd, Nicolas Favrolt, Marianne Riou, Laurence Faivre, Grégoire Manaud, Frédéric Perros, Stefan Gräf, Nicholas W. Morrell, Marc Humbert, Florent Soubrier
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Beyond the major gene BMPR2 , several new genes predisposing to PAH have been identified during the last decade. Recently, preliminary evidence of the involvement of the KDR gene was found in a large genetic association study. We prospectively analysed the KDR gene by targeted panel sequencing in a series of 311 PAH patients referred to a clinical molecular laboratory for genetic diagnosis of PAH. Two index cases with severe PAH from two different families were found to carry a loss-of-function mutation in the KDR gene. These two index cases were clinically characterised by low diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide adjusted for haemoglobin ( D LCO c) and interstitial lung disease. In one family, segregation analysis revealed that variant carriers are either presenting with PAH associated with low D LCO c, or have only decreased D LCO c, whereas non-carrier relatives have normal D LCO c. In the second family, a single affected carrier was alive. His carrier mother was unaffected with normal D LCO c. We provided genetic evidence for considering KDR as a newly identified PAH-causing gene by describing the segregation of KDR mutations with PAH in two families. In our study, KDR mutations are associated with a particular form of PAH characterised by low D LCO c and radiological evidence of parenchymal lung disease including interstitial lung disease and emphysema.