tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Amphiregulin Improves Stratification of the Refined Minnesota Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease Risk Score: Results from BMT CTN 0302/0802
Authors: Shernan G. Holtan, Todd E. DeFor, Joseph Pidala, Nandita Khera, Stephanie J. Lee, Alan Howard, Juan Wu, F Javier Bolanos-Meade, Vincent T Ho, Amin M. Alousi, Yoshihiri Inamoto, George Chen, Mukta Arora, Jeanne Palmer, Mary E. Flowers, Corey S. Cutler, Alexander Lukez, Sally Arai, Aleksandr Lazaryan, Laura F. Newell, Madan Jagasia, Iskra Pusic, Sebastian A. Mayer, William A. Wood, Anne Renteria, William J. Hogan, Elizabeth Hexner, Francis A Ayuk, Ernst Holler, Yvonne A Efebera, Rangsima Reantragoon, Hien Duong, Gregory Yanik, James L Ferrara, John E Levine, Bruce Blazar, Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari, Daniel J. Weisdorf, Margaret L. MacMillan
Journal: Blood (2017)
Disputes about the efficacy of polyglycolic acid shielding for prevention of bleeding after endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Chengfan Wang, Lili Zhao, Zhining Fan
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

See also: Endoscopic tissue shielding to prevent bleeding after endoscopic submucosal dissection: a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trialEndoscopy 2019; 51(07): 619-627DOI: 10.1055/a-0860-5280 See also: Reply to Wang et al.Endoscopy 2019; 51(12): 1184-1184DOI: 10.1055/a-1013-4254
Enhanced cellular uptake and nuclear accumulation of drug-peptide nanomedicines prepared by enzyme-instructed self-assembly
Authors: Chunhui Liang, Xiaorong Yan, Renshu Zhang, Tengyan Xu, Debing Zheng, Zhaoqi Tan, Yaoxia Chen, Zhengfeng Gao, Ling Wang, Xingyi Li, Zhimou Yang
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2019)
Addition of ATIR101, an Adjunctive Treatment Following T-Cell-Depleted Haploidentical HSCT, May Decrease Non-Relapse Mortality and May Improve Survival of Patients with Hematologic Malignancies, Irrespective of Prognostic Risk Factors
Authors: Denis Claude Roy, Irwin Walker, Johan A. Maertens, Philippe Lewalle, Eduardo Olavarria, Yves Beguin, Dominik Selleslag, Eva Maria Wagner, Halvard Bönig, Gerard Bos, Stephan Mielke
Journal: Blood (2019)
Case 37-2019: A 20-Month-Old Boy with Severe Anemia
Authors: Brian M. Cummings, Randheer Shailam, Ana M. Rosales, Mary S. Huang, Valentina Nardi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

A 20-month-old boy was admitted to the hospital because of severe anemia. On examination, tachycardia, tachypnea, hepatosplenomegaly, multiple café au lait skin macules, and inguinal freckling were noted. The hematocrit was 9.0%, and the white-cell count 33,000 per microliter. A diagnostic test result was received, and additional diagnostic tests were performed.
Phase I/II Study of the Mesothelin-targeted Immunotoxin LMB-100 with Nab-Paclitaxel for Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Christine Alewine, Mehwish Ahmad, Cody J. Peer, Zishuo I. Hu, Min-Jung Lee, Akira Yuno, Jessica D. Kindrick, Anish Thomas, Seth M. Steinberg, Jane B. Trepel, William D. Figg, Raffit Hassan, Ira Pastan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

LMB-100 is a recombinant immunotoxin (iTox) consisting of a mesothelin-binding Fab for targeting and a modified Pseudomonas exotoxin A payload. Preclinical studies showed that combining taxanes with iTox results in synergistic antitumor activity. The objectives of this phase I/II study were to determine the MTD of LMB-100 when administered with nanoalbumin bound (nab)-paclitaxel to patients with previously treated advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma and to assess the objective response rate.Patients (n = 20) received fixed-dose nab-paclitaxel (125 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8) with LMB-100 (65 or 100 μg/kg on days 1, 3, and 5) in 21-day cycles for 1-3 cycles.Fourteen patients were treated on the dose escalation and an additional six in the phase II expansion. MTD of 65 μg/kg was established for the combination. Dose-limiting toxicity resulting from capillary leak syndrome (CLS) was seen in two of five patients treated at 100 μg/kg and one of six evaluable phase I patients receiving the MTD. Severity of CLS was associated with increases in apoptotic circulating endothelial cells. LMB-100 exposure was unaffected by anti-LMB-100 antibody formation in five of 13 patients during cycle 2. Seven of 17 evaluable patients experienced >50% decrease in CA 19-9, including three with previous exposure to nab-paclitaxel. One patient developed an objective partial response. Patients with biomarker responses had higher tumor mesothelin expression.Although clinical activity was observed, the combination was not well tolerated and alternative drug combinations with LMB-100 will be pursued.
Inadvertent Use of Bicillin® C-R to Treat Syphilis Infection--- Los Angeles, California, 1999–2004
Authors: Robert Bolan, P Amezola, Peter Kerndt, J Soreth, Melanie M Taylor, James Heffelfinger, Hillard Weinstock, Michael Greenberg, M Janowski
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2005)
Randomized Trial of Three Anticonvulsant Medications for Status Epilepticus
Authors: Jaideep Kapur, Jordan Elm, James M. Chamberlain, William Barsan, James Cloyd, Daniel Lowenstein, Shlomo Shinnar, Robin Conwit, Caitlyn Meinzer, Hannah Cock, Nathan Fountain, Jason T. Connor, Robert Silbergleit
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

The choice of drugs for patients with status epilepticus that is refractory to treatment with benzodiazepines has not been thoroughly studied.In a randomized, blinded, adaptive trial, we compared the efficacy and safety of three intravenous anticonvulsive agents - levetiracetam, fosphenytoin, and valproate - in children and adults with convulsive status epilepticus that was unresponsive to treatment with benzodiazepines. The primary outcome was absence of clinically evident seizures and improvement in the level of consciousness by 60 minutes after the start of drug infusion, without additional anticonvulsant medication. The posterior probabilities that each drug was the most or least effective were calculated. Safety outcomes included life-threatening hypotension or cardiac arrhythmia, endotracheal intubation, seizure recurrence, and death.A total of 384 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive levetiracetam (145 patients), fosphenytoin (118), or valproate (121). Reenrollment of patients with a second episode of status epilepticus accounted for 16 additional instances of randomization. In accordance with a prespecified stopping rule for futility of finding one drug to be superior or inferior, a planned interim analysis led to the trial being stopped. Of the enrolled patients, 10% were determined to have had psychogenic seizures. The primary outcome of cessation of status epilepticus and improvement in the level of consciousness at 60 minutes occurred in 68 patients assigned to levetiracetam (47%; 95% credible interval, 39 to 55), 53 patients assigned to fosphenytoin (45%; 95% credible interval, 36 to 54), and 56 patients assigned to valproate (46%; 95% credible interval, 38 to 55). The posterior probability that each drug was the most effective was 0.41, 0.24, and 0.35, respectively. Numerically more episodes of hypotension and intubation occurred in the fosphenytoin group and more deaths occurred in the levetiracetam group than in the other groups, but these differences were not significant.In the context of benzodiazepine-refractory convulsive status epilepticus, the anticonvulsant drugs levetiracetam, fosphenytoin, and valproate each led to seizure cessation and improved alertness by 60 minutes in approximately half the patients, and the three drugs were associated with similar incidences of adverse events. (Funded by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; ESETT ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01960075.).
Argonautes in Extracellular Vesicles: Artifact or Selected Cargo?
Authors: Alissa M. Weaver, James G. Patton
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Argonaute-2 (Ago2) is a key component of the RNA-induced silencing complex that mediates downregulation of mRNA by miRNAs. Its presence in extracellular vesicles (EV) has been postulated to be important for the activity of EV-carried miRNA in modulating gene expression in recipient cells. However, whether it is in fact contained within EVs or is instead an extravesicular contaminant is controversial. In this opinion piece, we argue that the ability to detect Ago2 in EVs is a result of multiple factors, including cell source, cell signaling control of Ago2 trafficking to EVs, experimental conditions, and detection methods.
Metastatic Breast Cancer: TIL it is Too Late
Authors: Peter Savas, Sherene Loi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Paired analysis of primary and metastatic triple-negative breast cancers shows that metastatic disease is an immunodepleted state. This understanding has important implications for targeting the immune microenvironment in breast cancer, placing a greater emphasis on earlier stage disease and shaping future treatment strategies in the metastatic setting.See related article by Hutchinson et al., p. 657.
Abstract 287: Bimodal Brain Monitoring Using Portable EEG and Cerebral Oximetry During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR): A Pilot Study
Authors: Sam Parnia, Emma Roellke, David Dupont, Tori Williams, Thaddeus Tarpey, Yingzhi Qian, Rebecca Spiegel
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: There is a need to monitor brain resuscitation during CPR. Furthermore, 10% of CA survivors report cognitive activity and 2-3% report consciousness during CPR. Methods: Using data from a prospective study (AWARE-II) with bimodal brain monitoring during CPR (EEG, [Massimo] and regional cerebral oxygenation [rSO2 normal 60-80%]) using cerebral oximetry [Nonin]), we sought to identify EEG rhythms, their progression over time, and underlying rSO2 thresholds. Inclusion criteria: In hospital CA, ≥ 18 years. Raw EEG data were captured as images (1/second) during CPR pauses, while rSO2 was captured continuously. Results: 38 patients were recruited; mean age 69±16 with duration of CPR (10-60 mins). We captured 362 EEG images. 91 (25%) were artifacts. Among the 271 interpretable images, there were 13 EEG rhythms placed into 6 groups based on their association with normal/near normal, seizures, coma, absence of cortical activity as follows: Group 1 (Non-epileptogenic): Theta, Delta, Alpha, Group 2 (Epileptogenic/Spike and Wave): Generalized Rhythmic Delta Activity (GRDA) + Spike (S), Delta + S, Theta + S, Burst Suppression with GRDA + S, Group 3 (Flat-line): Marked Voltage Attenuation (MVA), Group 4 (Coma State): Burst Suppression (w/ GRDA, Delta, and/or Theta), Group 5: GRDA, Group 6: Generalized Periodic Discharges (GPD). MVA/absence of activity was observed throughout CPR time and across all rSO2 ranges. Normal/near normal (non-epileptogenic) including alpha rhythms (which to our knowledge is described for the first time), and epileptogenic rhythms were observed with rSO2&gt;30% Conclusions: While unclear whether non-epileptogenic rhythms are associated with transient periods of ROSC, however real-time bimodal brain monitoring provides insights regarding brain resuscitation and its dynamic interaction with patient factors. While ischemia may cause epileptogenic activity, there are periods of normal/near-normal cortical activity despite prolonged CPR &gt;45-60 mins. A minimal threshold of brain oxygen delivery (rSO2&gt;30%) may be required for cortical activity. These data raise questions regarding assumptions of irreversible brain damage with prolonged CPR, as well as the possibility of consciousness and cognitive activity during CPR.
Radiation myelitis after pembrolizumab administration, with favorable clinical evolution and safe rechallenge: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Marcela Carausu, Arnaud Beddok, Adriana Langer, Nicolas Girard, François-Clément Bidard, Marie-Ange Massiani, Damien Ricard, Luc Cabel
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2019)

<h3>Background</h3> Neurologic complications as myelitis are very rare but extremely deleterious adverse effects of both immunotherapy and radiotherapy. Many recent studies have focused on the possible synergy of these two treatment modalities due to their potential to enhance each other's immunomodulatory actions, with promising results and a safe tolerance profile. <h3>Case presentation</h3> We report here the case of a 68-year-old man with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who developed myelitis&nbsp;after T12-L2 vertebral radiotherapy, with motor deficit and sphincter dysfunction, while on treatment with pembrolizumab (an immune checkpoint inhibitor). The spinal abnormalities detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), suggestive of myelitis, faithfully matched the area previously irradiated with 30 Gy in 10 fractions, six and a half months earlier. After immunotherapy discontinuation and steroid treatment, the patient rapidly and completely recovered. On progression, pembrolizumab was rechallenged and, after 8 cycles, the patient is on response and there are no signs of myelitis relapse. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The confinement within the radiation field and the latency of appearance are suggestive of delayed radiation myelopathy. Nevertheless, the relatively low dose of radiation received and the full recovery after pembrolizumab discontinuation and steroid therapy plead for the contribution of both radiotherapy and immunotherapy in the causality of this complication, as an enhanced inflammatory reaction on a focal post-radiation chronic inflammatory state. In the three previously described cases of myelopathy occurring after radiotherapy and immunotherapy, a complete recovery had not been obtained and the immunotherapy was not rechallenged. The occurrence of a radiation recall phenomenon, in this case, can not be excluded, and radiation recall myelitis has already been described with chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Safe rechallenges with the incriminated drug, even immunotherapy, have been reported after radiation recall, but we describe it for the first time after myelitis.
Crizanlizumab Versus Placebo, with or without Hydroxyurea/Hydroxycarbamide, in Adolescent and Adult Patients with Sickle Cell Disease and Vaso-Occlusive Crises: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III Study (STAND)
Authors: Miguel R. Abboud, Jo Howard, Rodolfo Cançado, Wally R Smith, Birol Güvenç, Noemi Espurz, Marine Weill, Mariane de Montalembert
Journal: Blood (2019)
Pregnancy Management in CML Patients: To Treat or Not to Treat? Report of 224 Outcomes of the European Leukemia Net (ELN) Database
Authors: Elisabetta Abruzzese, Anna G. Turkina, Jane F. Apperley, Francesco Bondanini, Paolo de Fabritiis, Dong-Wook Kim, Iryna Dyagil, Penka Ganeva, Valentín Garcia-Gutiérrez, Khamida Kazakbaeva, Hana Klamová, Konstantin Kotlyarchuk, Michael J. Mauro, Dragana Milojkovic, Beatriz Moriaghi, Karen Meliktesyan, Franck E Nicolini, Evgenia Polushkina, Delphine Rea, Philippe Rousselot, Adi Shacham, Roman Shmakov, Malgorzata Monika Trawinska, Ekaterina Yu. Chelysheva
Journal: Blood (2019)
Abstract 13542: In-Hospital Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Interventions in Extremely Obese and Normal Weight Patients: Findings from NCDR2
Authors: Saeed Payvar, Sunghee Kim, Sunil V Rao, Ronald Krone, Ramesh Daggubati
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Extreme obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) is becoming more prevalent in the United States. Little is known about the outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in this subgroup. We com...
Availability of Grocery Delivery to Food Deserts in States Participating in the Online Purchase Pilot
Authors: Eric J. Brandt, David M. Silvestri, Jerold R. Mande, Margaret L. Holland, Joseph S. Ross
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

through March 2019, we identified corresponding retailer websites through Google (Alphabet) to determine participation in online purchasing and corresponding delivery areas by zip codes.Outcomes were the proportion of food desert census tracts and corresponding SNAP households classified as fully, partially, or not deliverable, according to whether all, some, or no corresponding zip codes were located within grocery delivery areas.We stratified results by urban vs rural status and state, then we compared strata using Monte Carlo simulations to enable comparisons using Fisher exact test owing to many cases of small cell-counts.Data were analyzed using SAS statistical software version 9 (SAS Institute).P values were 2-tailed, and statistical significance was set at less than .05. ResultsIn the 8 OPP states, food deserts composed 1250 of 13 134 total census tracts (9.5%), within which 506 863 of 2 760 482 SNAP households (18.4%) were located.Among 1191 urban food desert census tracts, 1108 census tracts (93.0%) were fully deliverable through online grocery purchase and delivery, 13 census tracts (1.1%) were partially deliverable, and 70 census tracts (5.9%) were not deliverable (Table 1).Among 59 rural food desert census tracts, no census tracts were fully deliverable, 18 census tracts (30.5%) were partially deliverable, and 41 census tracts (69.5%) were
EANO–EURACAN clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of post-pubertal and adult patients with medulloblastoma
Authors: Enrico Franceschi, Silvia Hofer, Alba A Brandes, Didier Frappaz, Rolf-Dieter Kortmann, Jacoline Bromberg, Volodia Dangouloff-Ros, Nathalie Boddaert, Elke Hattingen, Benedikt Wiestler, Steven C Clifford, Dominique Figarella-Branger, Felice Giangaspero, Christine Haberler, Torsten Pietsch, Kristian W Pajtler, Stefan M Pfister, Raphael Guzman, Walter Stummer, Stephanie E Combs, Clemens Seidel, Dagmar Beier, Martin G McCabe, Michael Grotzer, Florence Laigle-Donadey, Ana S Guerreiro Stücklin, Ahmed Idbaih, Matthias Preusser, Martin van den Bent, Michael Weller, Peter Hau
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2019)
Efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1 antibody SHR-1210 combined with apatinib in first-line treatment for advanced lung squamous carcinoma: A phase II study
Authors: J. Wang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhang, Q. Song, L. Zhang, Z. Liu, J. Ma, X. Yan, L. Wang, H. Tao, S. Zhang, X. Li, X. Zhi, Y. Hu, S. Jiao
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Inhibition of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 improves experimental non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Amine Majdi, Lynda Aoudjehane, Vlad Ratziu, Tawhidul Islam, Marta B. Afonso, Filomena Conti, Taïeb Mestiri, Marie Lagouge, Fabienne Foufelle, Florine Ballenghien, Tatiana Ledent, Marthe Moldes, Axelle Cadoret, Laura Fouassier, Jean-Louis Delaunay, Tounsia Aït-Slimane, Gilles Courtois, Bruno Fève, Olivier Scatton, Carina Prip-Buus, Cecília M.P. Rodrigues, Chantal Housset, Jérémie Gautheron
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Activity-by-contact model of enhancer–promoter regulation from thousands of CRISPR perturbations
Authors: Charles P. Fulco, Joseph Nasser, Thouis R. Jones, Glen Munson, Drew T. Bergman, Vidya Subramanian, Sharon R. Grossman, Rockwell Anyoha, Benjamin R. Doughty, Tejal A. Patwardhan, Tung H. Nguyen, Michael Kane, Elizabeth M. Perez, Neva C. Durand, Caleb A. Lareau, Elena K. Stamenova, Erez Lieberman Aiden, Eric S. Lander, Jesse M. Engreitz
Journal: Nature Genetics (2019)
Precise detection of genomic imbalances at single-cell resolution reveals intra-patient heterogeneity in Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Authors: Chiara Mangano, Alberto Ferrarini, Claudio Forcato, Marianna Garonzi, Paola Tononi, Rossana Lanzellotto, Andrea Raspadori, Chiara Bolognesi, Genny Buson, Gianni Medoro, Michael Hummel, Francesca Fontana, Nicolò Manaresi
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2019)
GABAergic Restriction of Network Dynamics Regulates Interneuron Survival in the Developing Cortex
Authors: Zhe Ran S. Duan, Alicia Che, Philip Chu, Laura Modol, Yannick Bollmann, Rachel Babij, Robert N. Fetcho, Takumi Otsuka, Marc V. Fuccillo, Conor Liston, David J. Pisapia, Rosa Cossart, Natalia V. De Marco García
Journal: Neuron (2019)
Hemoglobin S polymerization and sickle cell disease: A retrospective on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of Pauling's <i>Science</i> paper
Authors: William A. Eaton
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2019)

70 years ago, Linus Pauling, the legendary genius of 20th century chemistry, published his famous work on the molecular cause of sickle cell disease, a paper that gave birth to what is now called molecular medicine. In this paper, Pauling left important questions unanswered that have motivated an enormous amount of scientific and clinical research since then. This retrospective discusses the basic science studies that have answered those questions directly related to the kinetics and thermodynamics of hemoglobin S polymerization.
Abstract 17516: Does Renal Denervation Impact on Tissue Na+ Content in Treatment Resistant Hypertension?
Authors: Roland Schmieder, Christoph Kopp, Axel Schmidt, Peter Linz, Alexander Cavallaro, Matthias Hammon, Tilmann Ditting, Roland Veelken, Michael Uder, Jens Titze, Christian Ott
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Objective: Renal denervation (RDN) was shown to be effective in reducing blood pressure (BP) in treatment-resistant hypertension. The precise mechanism how RDN exerts its BP-lowering effects are no...
Comparison of Dual Therapies for Lowering Blood Pressure in Black Africans
Authors: Suaka KagboKue, Iloabueke Chineke, Nicholas Bakinde
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

Phylogenetic trees were generated for reverse transcriptase and V3 sequences from matched donors and recipients.In one instance, the donor and recipient V3 viral sequences were clustered together, a finding that supports the presence of superinfection in a single sample (Fig. S6 in Supplementary Appendix 1).A direct comparison of graft survival and overall survival between HIV-positive patients who received an organ from an HIV-positive donor and other patients who underwent transplantation in South Africa is difficult to perform because the other patients are not followed in a systematic manner, and HIV-positive patients rarely receive organs from HIV-negative donors.However, the 5-year overall survival and graft survival of 83.3% and 78.7%, respectively, are similar to the 3-year overall survival and graft survival observed among HIV-positive patients who received an organ from an HIV-negative donor in the United States (88.2% and 73.7%, respectively). 5he ability to detect superinfection was limited because of the inherent low proviral loads found in patients who have viral suppression with ART and because of ATG-induced T-cell depletion, which occurs after transplantation.However, we could detect superinfection down to a median of 1% of the viral population.Although the low levels of donor virus detected in patient KID139 might suggest a transient, subclinical superinfection, they are more likely to represent lingering viral inoculum and shedding of infected donor cells from the kidney into the recipient's blood.Either way, whether this finding has any clinical relevance is questionable, because no increases in viral load or new viral resistance have been observed in any patients.The favorable clinical outcomes and the absence of transmitted drug resistance, as well as the absence of evidence for sustained donorderived superinfection, support the use of HIVpositive-to-HIV-positive renal transplantation as a treatment option.
Optimizing First-Line Therapy for Follicular Lymphoma: Is It Time for Chemotherapy-Free Approaches?
Authors: Richard I. Fisher
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

Over the past several decades, tremendous progress has been made in the treatment of follicular lymphoma. The addition of rituximab to chemotherapy led to significant improvements in survival in the 1990s. Current standard of care in advanced-stage, previously untreated follicular lymphoma is rituximab plus chemotherapy, sometimes followed by rituximab maintenance. Now, as more research is conducted in the field of chemotherapy-free treatment, Dr. Richard I. Fisher discussed the importance of carefully constructed phase II or III trials at the NCCN 2019 Annual Congress: Hematologic Malignancies. He maintained that a nonchemotherapy treatment regimen comprising rituximab + lenalidomide can be considered in carefully selected patients, and that it is currently the only chemotherapy-free treatment that should be recommended.