tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes of second-line chemotherapy after progression on nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: J. Ha, K. Bang, C. Yoo, J. Jeong, H.-M. Chang, D. Oh, T.J. Song, D.H. Park, S.S. Lee, S.K. Lee, M.-H. Kim, J.-H. Park, K.-P. Kim, B.-Y. Ryoo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Carfilzomib, Dexamethasone, and Daratumumab Versus Carfilzomib and Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM): Primary Analysis Results from the Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 3 Study Candor (NCT03158688)
Authors: Saad Z. Usmani, Hang Quach, María-Victoria Mateos, Ola Landgren, Xavier Leleu, David S. Siegel, Katja Weisel, Hui Yang, Zandra K. Klippel, Anita Zahlten-Kumeli, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Journal: Blood (2019)
Impact of trainee involvement on the outcome of ERCP procedures: results of a prospective multicenter observational trial
Authors: Theodor Voiosu, Ivo Boskoski, Andrei M. Voiosu, Andreea Benguș, Agata Ladic, Ivo Klarin, Vincenzo Bove, Bogdan Busuioc, Mihai Rimbaș, Nadan Rustemovic, Bogdan Mateescu, Ivan Jovanovic, Guido Costamagna
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Abstract Background Training in advanced endoscopic techniques such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) should be driven by key performance measures and standardized competence assessment in order to provide safe and high-quality interventions. We aimed to determine whether the involvement of trainees influences the outcome of the procedure and the incidence of ERCP-related adverse events. Methods This was an international, multicenter, prospective, observational study conducted at six high- and low-volume centers across Europe between October 2016 and October 2018, and included independent operators and their trainees. Standard report forms documenting indication, trainee involvement, technical outcome, and complications over a 30-day follow-up of consecutive ERCP procedures were included in the analysis. Technical success of the procedure and procedure-related adverse events were compared between procedures in the trainee group and the control group using bivariable and multivariable analysis. Results 21 trainees and 16 control endoscopists performed 1843 ERCPs during the study period. Trainee involvement in ERCP procedures did not decrease technical success (92.4 % vs. 93.7 %; P = 0.30) or increase the risk of adverse events (14.7 % vs. 14.6 %; P &gt; 0.99). Conversely, there were significantly more moderate or severe adverse events in the control group compared with the trainee group (6.2 % vs. 3.4 %, P = 0.01). On multivariable analysis, only increased bilirubin levels, time to cannulation, and procedure difficulty level increased the risk of any procedure-related adverse event. Conclusion Trainee involvement in ERCP interventions within a proper teaching setting is safe and does not compromise the success of the procedure.
PrEParing to End the HIV Epidemic — California’s Route as a Road Map for the United States
Authors: Dhruv S. Kazi, Ingrid T. Katz, Ashish K. Jha
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

PrEParing to End the HIV Epidemic A new California law will allow pharmacists to furnish a 30-to-60-day supply of preexposure prophylaxis for HIV without a prescription from a physician. Though the...
Effects of greenspace morphology on mortality at the neighbourhood level: a cross-sectional ecological study
Authors: Huaqing Wang, Louis G Tassinary
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2019)

The association between urban greenspace and mortality risk is well known, but less is known about how the spatial arrangement of greenspace affects population health. We aimed to investigate the relation between urban greenspace distribution and mortality risk.We did a cross-sectional study in Philadelphia, PA, USA, using high-resolution landcover data for 2008 from the Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access database. We calculated landscape metrics to measure the greenness, fragmentation, connectedness, aggregation, and shape of greenspace, including and omitting green areas 83·6 m2 or smaller, using Geographical Information System and spatial pattern analysis programs. We analysed all-cause and cause-specific mortality (related to heart disease, chronic lower respiratory diseases, and neoplasms) recorded in 2006 for 369 census tracts (small geographical areas with a population of 2500-8000 people). We did negative binomial regression and principal component analyses to assess associations between landscape spatial metrics and mortality, controlling for geographical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors.A 1% increase in the percentage of greenspace was predicted to reduce all-cause mortality by 0·419% (95% CI 0·050-0·777), with no effect on cause-specific mortality. All-cause mortality was negatively associated with the area of greenspace. A 1 m2 increase in the mean area of greenspace led to a 0·011% (95% CI 0·004-0·018) fall in all-cause mortality and a 0·019% (0·007-0·032) decrease in cardiac mortality; considering only green areas larger than 83·6 m2 would contribute to a 0·002% (95% CI 0·001-0·003) decrease in all-cause mortality and a 0·003% (0·001-0·006) reduction in cardiac deaths. Census tracts with more connected, aggregated, coherent, and complex shape greenspaces had a lower risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality. The negative association between articulated landscape parcels and all-cause mortality varied with age and education, such that the relation was stronger for census tracts with a higher percentage of older and less well-educated adults.A significant modest association exists between the spatial distribution of greenspace in cities and mortality risk. The overall amount of greenspace alone is probably failing to capture significant variance in local health outcomes and, thus, environment-based health planning should consider the shape, form, and function of greenspace.None.
A sensorimotor alternative to coding is possible
Authors: Paul Cisek
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2019)

Abstract If we abandon the coding metaphor in favor of models of the full behavioral loop, we need a way to dissect that loop into understandable pieces. I suggest that evolutionary data provide a solution. We can subdivide behavior into parallel sensorimotor subsystems by following the phylogenetic history of how those systems differentiated and specialized during our evolution, leading to promising ways of re-interpreting neural activity within the context of its pragmatic role in mediating interaction.
Vancomycin area under the curve to minimum inhibitory concentration ratio predicting clinical outcome: a systematic review and meta-analysis with pooled sensitivity and specificity
Authors: B.R. Dalton, I. Rajakumar, A. Langevin, C. Ondro, D. Sabuda, T.P. Griener, D. Dersch-Mills, E. Rennert-May
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2019)
Working Up Group 4 Equivocal HER2 Samples Tested by Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization in a Reference Laboratory Setting: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Katherine B. Geiersbach, Reid G. Meyer, Daniel R. Sill, Taofic Mounajjed, Beiyun Chen, William R. Sukov, Robert B. Jenkins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)
A validation of the post concussion symptom scale in the assessment of complex concussion using cognitive testing and functional MRI
Authors: Jen-Kai Chen, Karen M Johnston, Alex Collie, Paul R McCrory, Alain Ptito
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2007)

Background: Clinical assessment of cerebral concussion relies on the presence and duration of post concussive symptoms (PCS). Given that these PCS are subjective reports and not always specific to concussion, their usefulness remains to be validated.

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of self-reported PCS by means of cognitive tests and functional MRI (fMRI).

Method: 28 male athletes with and without concussion were grouped according to their PCS score. They were then administered a computerised cognitive test battery and submitted to an fMRI session where cerebral activations associated with verbal and non-verbal working memory tasks were analysed.

Results: Behaviourally, response accuracy and speed on the cognitive test battery were comparable for the control and low PCS group. The moderate PCS group showed significantly slower response times than the control group on the matching (p<0.05) and one-back tasks (p<0.05). The functional MRI study showed reduced task related activation patterns in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for both low and moderate PCS groups. Activation peaks outside the regions of interest, not seen in the control group, were also noted for both PCS groups. Regression analyses indicated an inverse relationship between PCS scores and performances on several CogSport subtests. Severity of PCS also predicted fMRI blood oxygen level dependent signal changes in cerebral prefrontal regions.

Conclusion: Self-reported PCS is associated with an ongoing cerebral haemodynamic abnormality as well as with mild cognitive impairment. These results support the use of the PCS scale in the assessment of cerebral concussion and in monitoring recovery.
Publisher Correction: Development and validation of a deep learning algorithm for improving Gleason scoring of prostate cancer
Authors: Kunal Nagpal, Davis Foote, Yun Liu, Po-Hsuan Cameron Chen, Ellery Wulczyn, Fraser Tan, Niels Olson, Jenny L. Smith, Arash Mohtashamian, James H. Wren, Greg S. Corrado, Robert MacDonald, Lily H. Peng, Mahul B. Amin, Andrew J. Evans, Ankur R. Sangoi, Craig H. Mermel, Jason D. Hipp, Martin C. Stumpe
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2019)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/s41746-019-0112-2.].
Effect of fluid shear stress on the internalization of kidney-targeted delivery systems in renal tubular epithelial cells
Authors: Yingying Xu, Shuo Qin, Yining Niu, Tao Gong, Zhirong Zhang, Yao Fu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2019)

Renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) are important target cells for the development of kidney-targeted drug delivery systems. Under physiological conditions, RTECs are under constant fluid shear stress (FSS) from original urine in the renal tubule and respond to changes of FSS by altering their morphology and receptor expression patterns, which may affect reabsorption and cellular uptake. Using a microfluidic system, controlled shear stress was applied to proximal tubule epithelial cell line HK-2. Next, 2-glucosamine, bovine serum albumin, and albumin nanoparticles were selected as representative carriers to perform cell uptake studies in HK-2 cells using the microfluidic platform system with controlled FSS. FSS is proven to impact the morphology of HK-2 cells and upregulate the levels of megalin and clathrin, which then led to enhanced cellular uptake efficiencies of energy-driven carrier systems such as macromolecular and albumin nanoparticles in HK-2 cells. To further investigate the effects of FSS on endocytic behavior mediated by related receptors, a mice model of acute kidney injury with reduced fluid shear stress was established. Consistent with in vitro findings, in vivo studies have also shown reduced fluid shear stress down-regulated the levels of megalin receptors, thereby reducing the renal distribution of albumin nanoparticles.
Improved Outcomes for Patients Receiving High-Doses of IL-21 Ex Vivo Expanded NK Cells after Haploidentical Transplantation (haploSCT): Long-Term Follow-up of a Phase 1/2 Clinical Trial with Comparison to CIBMTR Controls
Authors: Stefan O. Ciurea, Roland Bassett, Doris Soebbing, Gabriela Rondon, Kai Cao, Amanda L. Olson, Qaiser Bashir, Elizabeth J. Shpall, Steven Devine, Marcelo C. Pasquini, Andrew St. Martin, Dean Anthony Lee, Richard E Champlin
Journal: Blood (2019)
A probable case of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) acquired in England, July 2019
Authors: Teresa M Kreusch, Maya Holding, Roger Hewson, Thomas Harder, Jolyon M Medlock, Kayleigh M Hansford, Stuart Dowall, Amanda Semper, Tim Brooks, Amanda Walsh, Katherine Russell, Ole Wichmann
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2019)

The United Kingdom (UK) has thus far been considered to be free from tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), yet in July 2019, a German infant developed serologically diagnosed TBE following a tick bite in southern England. This first report of a probable human case together with recent findings of TBE virus in ticks in foci in England suggest that TBE may be acquired in parts of England and should be considered in patients with aetiologically-unexplained neurological manifestations.
Gut Microbiome Fermentation Determines the Efficacy of Exercise for Diabetes Prevention
Authors: Yan Liu, Yao Wang, Yueqiong Ni, Cynthia K.Y. Cheung, Karen S.L. Lam, Yu Wang, Zhengyuan Xia, Dewei Ye, Jiao Guo, Michael Andrew Tse, Gianni Panagiotou, Aimin Xu
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2019)
An orthotopic model of human osteosarcoma using two isogenic cell lines differing in their ability to form spontaneous pulmonary metastasis
Authors: Kenine Comstock, Christopher Hall, Laurence Baker, Evan Keller
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

3891  Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in children. The five year survival is 50-65%. Greater than 30% of patients develop lung metastases despite aggressive chemotherapy and surgery. In order to develop more effective therapies, an OSA model is needed that closely follows the biology of metastasis and clinical progression of this disease in humans. Ideally, this should be done without mutagenizing the tumor cells to ensure the relevance of the model to the disease in vivo. Here we describe a model that utilizes orthotopic injection of two isogenic human OSA cell lines differing in their ability to form spontaneous pulmonary metastasis, the parental OS187-luc and derivative 82L. OS187-luc was engineered to express luciferase to allow bioluminescent imaging to follow the progression of primary tumor growth and development of pulmonary metastases. Five hundred thousand OS187-luc cells were injected into the tibias of nude mice. Pulmonary nodules were isolated approximately two months later, disassociated into cell suspensions, then re-injected into nude mice intratibially. This was repeated for four cycles, and finally the pulmonary metastases were established and expanded in culture to produce the 82L cell line. Visible pulmonary nodules were present when using 82L at 3-4 weeks compared to 8-10 weeks using OS187-luc. Significantly more pulmonary nodules were present in lungs from mice injected with 82L compared to OS187. We have developed a more aggressive OSA cell line that mimics the clinical biology of human OS. This model has application in preclinical studies to determine the effectiveness of new therapeutic strategies against both primary and metastatic OSA.
Functional status as a determinant prognostic factor for overall survival in adult patients with medulloblastoma treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy
Authors: J.C. Ayala Alvarez, R.R. Trejo Rosales, R. Riera Salas, M.F. Chilaca Rosas, S. Rivera Rivera, J.C. Silva Godinez, B.A. Salvador Bonilla
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Hepatitis C reinfection after successful antiviral treatment among people who inject drugs: A meta-analysis
Authors: Behzad Hajarizadeh, Evan B. Cunningham, Heather Valerio, Marianne Martinello, Matthew Law, Naveed Z. Janjua, Håvard Midgard, Olav Dalgard, John Dillon, Matthew Hickman, Julie Bruneau, Gregory J. Dore, Jason Grebely
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Abandoning the code metaphor is compatible with semiotic process
Authors: Terrence W Deacon, Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2019)

Abstract We agree with Brette's assessment that the coding metaphor has become more problematic than helpful for theories of brain and cognitive functioning. In an effort to aid in constructing an alternative, we argue that joining the insights from the dynamical systems approach with the semiotic framework of C. S. Peirce can provide a fruitful perspective.
Additional Questions Regarding Wide QRS Tachycardia and Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Zhaolong Xu, Qinghua Chang, Renguang Liu
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios as robust prognostic markers in sarcomas: A population-based analysis of 3746 sarcoma patients from Hong Kong
Authors: S.C.S. Kwan, C.K.H. Wong, C. Ho, Y.Z. Zhang, T. Tse, Y.-M. Lau, L.K.S. Leung, T. Tan, H. Loong
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Association Between Acute Gastroenteritis and Continuous Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors During Winter Periods of Highest Circulation of Enteric Viruses
Authors: Ana-Maria Vilcu, Laure Sabatte, Thierry Blanchon, Cécile Souty, Milka Maravic, Magali Lemaitre, Olivier Steichen, Thomas Hanslik
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> An increased risk of acute bacterial enteric infections has been reported among patients receiving proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. The risk of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) of viral origin associated with continuous PPI exposure has been less studied. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate the association between continuous PPI therapy and AGE occurrence during winter epidemic periods when the circulation of enteric viruses is the highest. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A matched cohort study was performed using a prospectively collected drug dispensing database from a large panel of community pharmacies in continental France. All patients recorded in the database during the 2015 to 2016 winter season, with documented age, sex, and use of an identifiable regular panel pharmacy, were eligible for the study. Each patient exposed to continuous PPI therapy was matched to 3 unexposed patients, according to year of birth, sex, and identifiable regular panel pharmacy. Analyses were performed between January 2017 and December 2018. <h3>Exposure</h3> Continuous PPI use during the 2015 to 2016 AGE winter epidemic. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The occurrence of at least 1 AGE episode during the 2015 to 2016 AGE winter epidemic was the main outcome. Episodes of AGE were identified using a previously validated algorithm based on drug dispensing data. Relative risks of AGE were estimated using a multivariable log-binomial model adjusted for age, sex, and treatments for chronic conditions. <h3>Results</h3> There were 233 596 patients receiving PPI therapy (median [interquartile range] age, 71 [62-81] years; 55.8% female) and 626 887 matched patients not receiving PPI therapy (median [interquartile range] age, 70 [61-80] years; 56.3% female) included in the analyses. At least 1 AGE epidemic episode was identified in 3131 patients (1.3%) receiving PPI therapy and in 4327 patients (0.7%) not receiving PPI therapy. The adjusted relative risk of AGE for those receiving PPI therapy was 1.81 (95% CI, 1.72-1.90) for all ages considered, 1.66 (95% CI, 1.54-1.80) among those aged 45 to 64 years, 2.19 (95% CI, 1.98-2.42) among those aged 65 to 74 years, and 1.98 (95% CI, 1.82-2.15) among those aged 75 years and older. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Continuous PPI therapy was associated with an increased risk of developing AGE during periods of highest circulation of enteric viruses. These findings support the hypothesis that PPI use is associated with an increased risk of enteric viral infections.
Phase II study of low-dose afatinib maintenance treatment for patients with EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NJLCG1601)
Authors: M. Morita, A. Nakamura, H. Tanaka, R. Saito, S. Inoue, T. Harada, T. Yamada, T. Nakagawa, D. Jingu, S. Sugawara
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Surgical restoration of drop-hand syndrome with tendon transfer in patients injured in the Syrian civil war
Authors: Murat Ucak
Journal: Military Medical Research (2019)

Abstract Background The radial nerve is one of the most common war-related injury sites due to penetrating cutting tool injuries or gunshot wounds, resulting in drop-hand syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of tendon transfer in patients with drop-hand syndrome who had been injured in the Syrian Civil War. Methods This level-II, prospective, comparative study included 13 civilians injured in the Syrian Civil War 2015 and 2017. The palmaris longus tendon was used for transfer to the extensor pollicis longus for thumb extension. The pronator teres was transferred to the extensor carpi radialis brevis for wrist extension. The flexor carpi radialis was transferred to the extensor digiti communis for 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th finger extension. All outcomes of thumb abduction and extension, wrist extension, wrist flexion, and finger extension were assessed. Results There was a high level of radial nerve injury in all patients included in the study. The time from injury to treatment ranged from 1.5 months to 9 months. The mechanism of injury most commonly observed was a gunshot wound, which was observed in 8 patients (61.5%), followed by a penetrating cutting tool injury ( n = 3; 23.1%) and humerus fracture ( n = 2; 15.4%). Conclusions In radial nerve injuries, successful results can be achieved with tendon transfer. All patients regained thumb abduction of up to approximately 60°. All the patients were able to bend the wrist, grip, and extend the fingers while in wrist flexion, neutral wrist and wrist extension positions. Although the reason for the radial injury varied, the postoperative outcomes were good for all patients, and the rehabilitation period progressed successfully in patients who underwent tendon transfer repair within 90 days of injury.
Downregulation of CFIm25 amplifies dermal fibrosis through alternative polyadenylation
Authors: Tingting Weng, Jingjing Huang, Eric J. Wagner, Junsuk Ko, Minghua Wu, Nancy E. Wareing, Yu Xiang, Ning-Yuan Chen, Ping Ji, Jose G. Molina, Kelly A. Volcik, Leng Han, Maureen D. Mayes, Michael R. Blackburn, Shervin Assassi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2019)

Systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma) is a multisystem fibrotic disease. The mammalian cleavage factor I 25-kD subunit (CFIm25; encoded by NUDT21) is a key regulator of alternative polyadenylation, and its depletion causes predominantly 3'UTR shortening through loss of stimulation of distal polyadenylation sites. A shortened 3'UTR will often lack microRNA target sites, resulting in increased mRNA translation due to evasion of microRNA-mediated repression. Herein, we report that CFlm25 is downregulated in SSc skin, primary dermal fibroblasts, and two murine models of dermal fibrosis. Knockdown of CFIm25 in normal skin fibroblasts is sufficient to promote the 3'UTR shortening of key TGFβ-regulated fibrotic genes and enhance their protein expression. Moreover, several of these fibrotic transcripts show 3'UTR shortening in SSc skin. Finally, mice with CFIm25 deletion in fibroblasts show exaggerated skin fibrosis upon bleomycin treatment, and CFIm25 restoration attenuates bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis. Overall, our data link this novel RNA-processing mechanism to dermal fibrosis and SSc pathogenesis.