tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The individualized Goals of Care Discussion Guide: A simple tool to empower patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Jeffrey M. Peppercorn, Yvonne Y. Lei, Nora Horick, Katharine M. Quain, Don S. Dizon, Rachel Jimenez, Jennifer Adrienne Shin, Karen Sepucha, Giselle Katiria Perez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

11622 Background: Individualized treatment planning is a critical part of quality cancer care, but how best to achieve this for patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is unclear. We evaluated the feasibility, acceptability and impact of using a simple and scalable “Individualized Goals of Care Discussion Guide” (IGCDG) to facilitate patient-provider communication at the time of treatment decisions. Methods: We developed the IGCDG based on structured interviews with MBC patients and input from experts in cancer care, decision sciences, psychology and palliative care. We then conducted a single arm feasibility trial among patients with newly diagnosed or progressive MBC. Prior to clinic, patients received the IGCDG, an 8-page MBC informational brochure and 1-page questionnaire regarding treatment preferences, personal goals and priorities for care planning. The completed questionnaire was provided to the oncology team at the patient’s visit. Pre and post assessment included the Distress Thermometer (DT), Patient Satisfaction with Cancer Care Scale and the Control Preferences Scale. Feasibility was defined as: 1) accrual of &gt; 50%, 2) attrition rate &lt; 32%, and 3) &lt; 50% of patients experiencing increased distress following the intervention. Results: Among 60 eligible patients, 42 participated (70% accrual), 40 completed all surveys (2% attrition), and only 7 (18%) reported increased distress. Mean age was 57 (range 31 – 79), 85% were white, 7% black, 5% Hispanic, 66% were college graduates, and 40% reported high baseline distress (DT &gt; 4). Patient priorities for discussion included cancer directed therapy (70%), symptom management (70%), and prognosis/planning ahead (60%). At 2-month follow-up, 53% reported decreased distress compared to baseline. Satisfaction with cancer care was high at baseline and follow-up. Most patients preferred shared decision making (77%), and 79% reported decision roles concordant with preferences. Overall, 72% of participants found the IGCDG helpful, 93% found the questionnaire easy to complete, and 44% felt it improved communication with their doctor (49% unsure). Conclusions: Administration of the Individualized Goals of Care Discussion Guide is feasible and provides patients with MBC an opportunity to define their goals of care and priorities for discussion in clinic. Clinical trial information: NCT03375827.
Reply:
Authors: Richard K. Sterling, Wendy C. King, David E. Kleiner
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Potential conflict of interest: Dr. Sterling consults for Pfizer and Baxter. He received grants from AbbVie, Roche, and Abbott. We thank Dr. Huang and colleagues for the interest in our manuscript on the use of noninvasive markers to identify advance fibrosis in a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–hepatitis B virus–infected adults.1 One strength of our study was the central reading of liver histology and that only biopsies determined as adequate (i.e., representative) by the Hepatitis B Research Network Pathology committee were included. As mentioned in our methods and limitations sections, we acknowledged the possibility that lack of portal triad counting and sampling error may have impacted our results,2 although it has been our experience that sample variation effects are mitigated in large cohorts, such as ours. Although we agree that obesity can impact vibration‐controlled transient elastography (VCTE) results,3 our sample consisted of North Americans with a median body mass index (BMI) of 26 kg/m2 (interquartile range: 22‐31). More specifically, only 29% were obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). All VCTE were performed by trained personnel with the M or XL probe, as appropriate. Furthermore, no subjects had biliary obstruction or congestive heart failure. Therefore, we are confident that our VCTE results are valid. Although we agree that individual components of noninvasive serum models, such as FIB‐4 and aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index, should be taken into consideration, the distribution (quartiles and range) for age, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and platelet count were not extreme.1 Thus, we do not believe the individual components of the models negatively impacted our evaluation of their ability to identify advanced fibrosis. Moreover, these models have been extensively used in HIV patients,4 implicating the importance of testing their predictive ability in this treated population. Lastly, as noted in our discussion, we agree that our results require validation in other cohorts.
Prognostic Value of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Sovannarith San, Eleonore Ravis, Laetitia Tessonier, Mary Philip, Serge Cammilleri, Flora Lavagna, Giulia Norscini, Florent Arregle, Hélène Martel, Leopold Oliver, Olivier Torras, Sébastien Renard, Pierre Ambrosi, Laurence Camoin, Anne Claire Casalta, Sandrine Hubert, Jean Paul Casalta, Frédérique Gouriet, Alberto Riberi, Jean-François Avierinos, Hubert Lepidi, Frederic Collart, Didier Raoult, Michel Drancourt, Gilbert Habib
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in 2019
Authors: Gaurav A. Upadhyay, Francis J. Alenghat
Journal: JAMA (2019)

This JAMA Insights Clinical Update reviews management approaches to atrial fibrillation (AF), including assessment of the need for anticoagulation, and controversies over the need for rhythm control and the role of catheter ablation for maintaining sinus rhythm and reducing AF-associated symptoms.
Cell Clustering Promotes a Metabolic Switch that Supports Metastatic Colonization
Authors: Christiaan F. Labuschagne, Eric C. Cheung, Julianna Blagih, Marie-Charlotte Domart, Karen H. Vousden
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2019)

Cancer metastasis depends on cell survival following loss of extracellular matrix attachment and dissemination through the circulation. The metastatic spread can be enhanced by the clustering of detached cancer cells and increased antioxidant defense. Here, we link these responses by describing how cell clustering limits reactive oxygen species (ROS). Loss of attachment causes mitochondrial perturbations and increased ROS production. The formation of cell clusters induces a hypoxic environment that drives hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (Hif1α)-mediated mitophagy, clearing damaged mitochondria and limiting ROS. However, hypoxia and reduced mitochondrial capacity promote dependence on glycolysis for ATP production that is supported by cytosolic reductive metabolism. Preventing this metabolic adaptation or disruption of cell clusters results in ROS accumulation, cell death, and a reduction of metastatic capacity in vivo. Our results provide a mechanistic explanation for the role of cell clustering in supporting survival during extracellular matrix detachment and metastatic spread and may point to targetable vulnerabilities.
First-line Immuno-Oncology Combination Therapies in Metastatic Renal-cell Carcinoma: Results from the International Metastatic Renal-cell Carcinoma Database Consortium
Authors: Shaan Dudani, Jeffrey Graham, J. Connor Wells, Ziad Bakouny, Sumanta K. Pal, Nazli Dizman, Frede Donskov, Camillo Porta, Guillermo de Velasco, Aaron Hansen, Marco Iafolla, Benoit Beuselinck, Ulka N. Vaishampayan, Lori A. Wood, Elizabeth Liow, Flora Yan, Takeshi Yuasa, Georg A. Bjarnason, Toni K. Choueiri, Daniel Y.C. Heng
Journal: European Urology (2019)
Effects of encapsulated gas on stability of lipid-based microbubbles and ultrasound-triggered drug delivery
Authors: Daiki Omata, Tamotsu Maruyama, Johan Unga, Fumiko Hagiwara, Lisa Munakata, Saori Kageyama, Tadamitsu Shima, Yuno Suzuki, Kazuo Maruyama, Ryo Suzuki
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2019)
Comprehensive characterization of circular RNAs in ~ 1000 human cancer cell lines
Authors: Hang Ruan, Yu Xiang, Junsuk Ko, Shengli Li, Ying Jing, Xiaoyu Zhu, Youqiong Ye, Zhao Zhang, Tingting Mills, Jing Feng, Chun-Jie Liu, Ji Jing, Jin Cao, Bingying Zhou, Li Wang, Yubin Zhou, Chunru Lin, An-Yuan Guo, Xi Chen, Lixia Diao, Wenbo Li, Zhiao Chen, Xianghuo He, Gordon B. Mills, Michael R. Blackburn, Leng Han
Journal: Genome Medicine (2019)

Human cancer cell lines are fundamental models for cancer research and therapeutic strategy development. However, there is no characterization of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in a large number of cancer cell lines.Here, we apply four circRNA identification algorithms to heuristically characterize the expression landscape of circRNAs across ~ 1000 human cancer cell lines from CCLE polyA-enriched RNA-seq data. By using integrative analysis and experimental approaches, we explore the expression landscape, biogenesis, functional consequences, and drug response of circRNAs across different cancer lineages.We revealed highly lineage-specific expression patterns of circRNAs, suggesting that circRNAs may be powerful diagnostic and/or prognostic markers in cancer treatment. We also identified key genes involved in circRNA biogenesis and confirmed that TGF-β signaling may promote biogenesis of circRNAs. Strikingly, we showed that clinically actionable genes are more likely to generate circRNAs, potentially due to the enrichment of RNA-binding protein (RBP) binding sites. Among these, circMYC can promote cell proliferation. We observed strong association between the expression of circRNAs and the response to drugs, especially those targeting chromatin histone acetylation. Finally, we developed a user-friendly data portal, CircRNAs in cancer cell lines (CircRiC, https://hanlab.uth.edu/cRic ), to benefit the biomedical research community.Our study provides the characterization of circRNAs in cancer cell lines and explored the potential mechanism of circRNA biogenesis as well as its therapeutic implications. We also provide a data portal to facilitate the related biomedical researches.
Neoantigen vaccine: an emerging tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Miao Peng, Yongzhen Mo, Yian Wang, Pan Wu, Yijie Zhang, Fang Xiong, Can Guo, Xu Wu, Yong Li, Xiaoling Li, Guiyuan Li, Wei Xiong, Zhaoyang Zeng
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2019)

Genetic instability of tumor cells often leads to the occurrence of a large number of mutations, and expression of non-synonymous mutations can produce tumor-specific antigens called neoantigens. Neoantigens are highly immunogenic as they are not expressed in normal tissues. They can activate CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to generate immune response and have the potential to become new targets of tumor immunotherapy. The development of bioinformatics technology has accelerated the identification of neoantigens. The combination of different algorithms to identify and predict the affinity of neoantigens to major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) or the immunogenicity of neoantigens is mainly based on the whole-exome sequencing technology. Tumor vaccines targeting neoantigens mainly include nucleic acid, dendritic cell (DC)-based, tumor cell, and synthetic long peptide (SLP) vaccines. The combination with immune checkpoint inhibition therapy or radiotherapy and chemotherapy might achieve better therapeutic effects. Currently, several clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of these vaccines. Further development of sequencing technologies and bioinformatics algorithms, as well as an improvement in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying tumor development, will expand the application of neoantigen vaccines in the future.
Dessie's Devil
Authors: Faith T. Fitzgerald
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

On Being a Doctor20 August 2019Dessie's DevilFaith T. Fitzgerald, MDFaith T. Fitzgerald, MDUC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California (F.T.F.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M18-3034 Audio Reading - “Dessie's Devil” Audio. Virginia Hood, MD, reads “Dessie's Devil” by Faith T. Fitzgerald, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail In the early 1970s, a middle-aged Jamaican woman whose first name was Dessie was brought into the ER in San Francisco's Moffitt Hospital with sudden-onset severe abdominal pain.She had driven at night across the Bay Bridge from Oakland in excruciating distress. She had been writhing on a San Francisco sidewalk when a passerby saw her and called an ambulance to take her to the nearest hospital. She told the ER nurse that she had come to this city to consult an Obeah man. Gasping and howling, she asked the nurse in broken speech if one was nearby so that ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California (F.T.F.)Corresponding Author: Faith T. Fitzgerald, MD, UC Davis Medical Center, C/O Division of General Medicine, 4150 V Street, Suite 2400, Sacramento, CA 95817; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Dessie's Devil” Audio. Virginia Hood, MD, reads “Dessie's Devil” by Faith T. Fitzgerald, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 August 2019Volume 171, Issue 4Page: 297KeywordsAbdominal painAmbulancesChildrenFoodIntensive care unitsLaparotomyNursesSurgeonsTeaTouch ePublished: 20 August 2019 Issue Published: 20 August 2019 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2019 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea in premenopausal breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant anthracycline and taxane based chemotherapy within the SUCCESS study.
Authors: Julia Katharina Neugebauer, Brigitte Kathrin Rack, Markus Kupka, Carina Dinkel, Bernadette Anna Sophia Jaeger, Uta Ortmann, Andreas Schneeweiss, Iris Schrader, Hans Tesch, Mahdi Rezai, Ulrike Soeling, Stefanie Noeding, Frauke Zabel, Harald Leo Sommer, Klaus Friese, Matthias W. Beckmann, Wolfgang Janni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

554 Background: Chemotherapy induced amenorrhea (CIA) is often used as a surrogate marker for cytotoxic gonadal damage. The aim of this analysis was to identify predicitve factors for CIA in premenopausal breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: The German multicenter, phase III SUCCESS trial compared 3 cycles of FEC q3w followed by 3x docetaxel q3w vs. FEC followed by Doc+gemcitabine as adjuvant treatment in patients with node positive or high risk node negative primary breast cancer. Premenopausal patients with hormone receptor positive tumors underwent endocrine treatment with tamoxifen (Tam) for 5 years. Additional goserelin (GnRH) for 2 years was given in the following cases: Age &lt;40 years at study entry, premenopausal hormone status or regular menses within 6 months after chemotherapy. We retrospectively investigated CIA rates of 1.189 initially premenopausal patients during disease-free follow-up. Results: Median age at diagnosis was 44 years (range 21-50). The median follow up time was 44 months (range 1-62). 791 patients (66.5%) received endocrine treatment. Tam intake was reported in 370 patients, GnRH in 29 patients, Tam+GnRH in 392 patients. In 963 patients (81.0%) CIA occurred for ≥3 months after chemotherapy. In 22.7% of initially amenorrheic patients CIA was temporary. 192 patients (16.2%) had continuous menstrual bleeding. In multivariate analysis the risk of CIA was significantly higher in older patients, increasing by factor 1.32 per life year (p&lt;0.0001). Tam intake was also associated with increased CIA rates (p=0.0032). Patients with combined Tam+GnRH were more likely to resume menses compared to patients without endocrine therapy (p=0.0056). Factors like the cytotoxic regimen, tumor stage, grading, the patient`s BMI or the use of GnRH analogues as ovarian protectants during chemotherapy did not correlate with CIA rates. Conclusions: Age was the strongest predictor for CIA. Tam administered alone increased CIA rates. Opposite effects were observed for patients who received Tam+GnRH. The addition of gemcitabine to sequential anthracyline-taxane based chemotherapy did not influence CIA.
Surgical Smoke Exposure in Operating Room Personnel
Authors: Ice V. Limchantra, Yuman Fong, Kurt A. Melstrom
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

Smoke generated during surgical procedures has long been thought to be hazardous to hospital personnel; however, the degree of danger has yet to be determined.The dangers of surgical smoke are associated with the composition of the plume. Small-particulate matter is found in the smoke that is easily inhaled. Particulates deposit in the lungs, circulatory system, and other organs, which may cause numerous health problems. The smoke also contains many gaseous compounds known to cause cancer. The type of tissue and the form of cautery have been shown to alter the composition of the surgical smoke. Well-cited articles have asserted that daily inhaled surgical smoke could be equivalent to smoking dozens of cigarettes. Unsafe levels of cancer-causing compounds have been found in the smoke. However, there is no firm evidence that operating room personnel show increased cancer rates compared with the general population. Data implicating other forms of passively inhaled smoke, such as fumes associated with cooking and wood burning, are likely comparable to the smoke issued during surgical procedures. Most operating rooms do not require smoke evacuation, and the elimination techniques are variable. Most systems rely on dispersion and, possibly, mechanical evacuation and filtration. Newer electric filters show promise but require more development.Surgical smoke is dangerous, but the severity of the risk has yet to be determined. Therefore, no safe level is known at this point. Efforts should be made to reduce and possibly eliminate smoke from the operating room. Research into cost-effective forms of smoke evacuation is necessary. Studies of respiratory and cancer sequelae of exposure to operating room smoke in personnel who have had long-term exposure to surgical smoke is also needed.
Association of ERCC1 (rs11615) and DNASE2B (rs3738573) polymorphisms with pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for HER2-overexpressing breast cancer.
Authors: Agnes Ducoulombier, Aurelie Dumont, Emmanuelle Tresch, Jinying Chen, Diane Pannier, Francoise Revillion, Jacques Bonneterre, Jean-Philippe Peyrat
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

536 Background: Pathological complete response (pCR) is the main prognostic factor after preoperative chemotherapy. Predictive factors of pCR are mainly histological type, hormonal status, HER2 overexpression. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in genes encoding drug transporters, drug metabolizing enzymes and target genes can affect drug efficacy and may explain therapeutic failures. The aim of the study was to identify SNPs associated with pCR in breast cancer (BC) patients (PTS) with HER-2 overexpression and treated with sequential neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: Among PTS treated with NCT and included between 2007 and 2012, 46 PTS had HER-2 overexpressing BC, mostly ductal carcinoma (91.3%), greater than or equal to T2 (97.7%) and N1 (65.2%).91.3% of PTS received 3 FEC 100 - 3 Taxotere and 18 cycles of trastuzumab (3-18). Genotyping of 46 SNPs was performed on germline DNA using real time PCR. pCR was correlated with clinicopathologic features and genotypes using logistic regression. Results: pCR was evaluable for 45 PTS according to Sataloff criteria: pCR rate was 40% (95% CI 25.7-55.7%) and was significantly associated with hormonal status: 60.9% in negative hormone receptor tumors and 18.2% in positive hormone receptor tumors (p = 0.004). Four SNPs were significantly associated with pCR. All patients homozygotes CC for ERCC1-rs11615 respond to NCT (p=0.024). The response rate was higher for patients homozygotes TT for NQO2-rs1143684 (59.1%; p=0.018), PTS carrying one or two C allele for DNASE2B-rs3738573 (50%; p=0.025) and PTS carrying one or two C allele for MDR1-rs1045642(51.5%; p=0.012). Conclusions: In this pilot study 4 SNPs were significantly associated with pCR and may be useful to predict response to NCT (Anthracyclines/Taxanes/Trastuzumab regimen) for HER-2 overexpressing breast tumors. Moreover, DNASE2B-rs3738573 and ERCC1-rs11615, two polymorphisms located in genes involved in DNA reparation, have never been described as predictive markers for BC neoadjuvant chemotherapy. (The first 3 authors contributed equally to this work.)
Improving Access to Guideline-Based Coronary Artery Calcium Testing for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
Authors: Adam N. Berman, Ron Blankstein
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2019)

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The Effectiveness of Eltrombopag at the Different Stages of Aplastic Anemia and Probability of Clonal Expansion
Authors: Anton V. Luchkin, Elena A. Mikhaylova, Zalina T. Fidarova, Anastasia V. Abramova, Vera V. Troitskaya, Tatiana I. Lobanova, Alina E. Krasilnikova, Irina V. Galtseva, Yuliya O. Davydova, Nikolay M. Kapranov, Tatiana N. Obukhova, Lubov Grebenyuk, Murat Vagida, Elena N. Parovichnikova, Valery G. Savchenko
Journal: Blood (2018)
Management of Conduction Disturbances Associated With Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Josep Rodés-Cabau, Kenneth A. Ellenbogen, Andrew D. Krahn, Azeem Latib, Michael Mack, Suneet Mittal, Guillem Muntané-Carol, Tamim M. Nazif, Lars Sondergaard, Marina Urena, Stephan Windecker, François Philippon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)