tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Predictors of distress among individuals with gastric cancer.
Authors: Julie Olson, Shauna McManus, Melissa F. Miller, Eva Yuen, Crystal S. Denlinger, Kevin Stein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

96 Background: With improving survival, gastric cancer patients face long-term quality of life concerns, including management of persistent symptoms and maintenance of social activity. We examined psychosocial distress and areas of concern in a national sample of gastric patients. Methods: Using data from the Cancer Support Community’s Cancer Experience Registry, our sample included 72 patients with a primary diagnosis of stomach (54%), esophageal (36%), or GIST (11%) cancer. Participants reported cancer-related distress using CancerSupportSource ® , a 25-item tool with a 2-item anxiety risk subscale, 2-item depression risk subscale, and four additional subscales measuring symptom burden, body/healthy lifestyle, healthcare team communication, and relationship concerns. We used logistic regression to estimate which of these subscales influence risk for clinically significant anxiety and depression controlling for demographic/clinical variables that were associated with anxiety and depression risk in bivariate analysis. Results: Our sample was 62% female, 80% White, and averaged 58 years of age ( SD = 13). 24% were diagnosed less than one year before participating. 33% were ever diagnosed as metastatic. 42% had received surgery. 60% were at risk for clinically significant anxiety and 50% for clinically significant depression. In regression models, relationship concerns were significantly associated with greater risk for anxiety ( OR = 1.5; p &lt; .05) and depression ( OR = 1.7; p &lt; .05). Greater concern with healthcare team communication was associated with anxiety risk in bivariate analysis ( r = .41, p &lt; .01), but the association was only a trend in the multivariate model ( OR = 1.4; p = .06). Similarly symptom burden concern was associated with depression risk in bivariate analysis ( r = .57, p &lt; .01) but only a trend in multivariate analysis ( OR = 1.2; p = .06). Conclusions: Relationship concerns predicted risk for clinically significant anxiety and depression among stomach, esophageal, and GIST patients. Healthcare team communication and symptom burden concerns were also associated with anxiety and depression risk. Results highlight the need for constructive patient-provider communication, particularly around relationships and symptoms. Clinical trial information: NCT02333604.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcome in IDH1/2 Mutant AML Patients - Analysis of 3898 Newly Diagnosed Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Jan Moritz Middeke, Christoph Rollig, Michael Kramer, Alwin Kramer, Tilman Bochtler, Sebastian Scholl, Andreas Hochhaus, Edgar Jost, Tim H. Brümmendorf, Ralph Naumann, Björn Steffen, Volker Kunzmann, Hermann Einsele, Markus Schaich, Andreas Burchert, Andreas Neubauer, Kerstin Schäfer-Eckart, Christoph Schliemann, Stefan W Krause, Regina Herbst, Mathias Hänel, Norbert Frickhofen, Richard Noppeney, Ulrich Kaiser, Claudia D. Baldus, Martin Kaufmann, Zdenek Racil, Sebastian Stasik, Katja Sockel, Malte von Bonin, Carsten Müller-Tidow, Uwe Platzbecker, Wolfgang E. Berdel, Jiri Mayer, Hubert Serve, Gerhard Ehninger, Johannes Schetelig, Christian Thiede, Friedrich Stoelzel
Journal: Blood (2018)
Reply
Authors: Jianping Weng
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. We sincerely thank Dr. Sikarin Upala for his interest in our article and for sharing his experience in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), yet only preliminary evidence is available on the effect of antidiabetic agents to NAFLD in T2DM patients. According to clinical practice guidelines for NAFLD management,1 no pharmacotherapies are approved for the treatment of NAFLD, nor is there proper therapy for patients with T2DM and NAFLD. Therefore, we designed this 26‐week comparative trial, aiming to evaluate the efficacy and safety of liraglutide, sitagliptin, and insulin glargine as an add‐on treatment to metformin in patients with T2DM and NAFLD. We agree that liver histology is the golden standard for the diagnosis of NAFLD, although noninvasive imaging methods are more commonly used to diagnose NAFLD. Emerging data support the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–derived proton density fat fraction (PDFF) as a noninvasive, quantitative, and accurate measure for treatment response assessment in the early phase of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis trials.3 In our study, MRI‐PDFF rather than liver biopsy was used to measure liver fat. We admitted that the efficacy of MRI for detecting other features of NAFLD, such as steatohepatitis and fibrosis, was limited. To compensate, the Fibrosis‐4 index and NAFLD fibrosis score were calculated to evaluate the liver fibrosis. Serum markers of inflammation were also measured before and after treatment in our study. It is generally accepted that a change in diet and lifestyle would lead to weight loss, which would subsequently improve liver fat. T2DM complicated with NAFLD is commonly seen in clinical practice, and there is potential synergistic effect between these two diseases. Ideal treatments need to focus on both diseases. Evidence is needed to guide the pharmacotherapy for this common situation. Our study provided evidence that in combination with metformin, both liraglutide and sitagliptin could improve intrahepatic lipid in addition to glycemic control improvement in patients with T2DM and NAFLD, but similar reduction in intrahepatic lipid was not observed in insulin glargine. The results may guide the pharmacotherapy for T2DM combined with NAFLD. To confirm our results, further studies that use liver histology to assess improvement in histologic features in different populations are needed.
Impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) on R0 resection rate for borderline resectable and locally advanced pancreas cancer.
Authors: Sara Jean Zakem, Adam Christopher Mueller, Cheryl Lauren Meguid, Robert J. Torphy, Tracey E. Schefter, S. Lindsey Davis, Alexis Diane Leal, Stephen Leong, Christopher Hanyoung Lieu, Wells A. Messersmith, William T. Purcell, Steven Arthur Ahrendt, Martin McCarter, Marco Del Chiaro, Richard D. Schulick, Karyn A. Goodman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

370 Background: Management for borderline resectable pancreas cancer (BRPC) and locally advanced pancreas cancer (LAPC) is controversial. Multiagent chemotherapy (CT) followed by SBRT may allow for tumor downstaging and the ability to perform an R0 resection. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated BRPC and LAPC patients (pts) treated on our multidisciplinary treatment pathway. Pts underwent 2-3 months of CT. Pts without systemic progression received five fractions of SBRT, delivered every other day, to a dose of 30-33 Gy. After restaging, pts underwent surgery if resectable. Overall survival (OS), distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) and local progression free survival (LPFS) were estimated and compared by Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods. Results: We identified 80 pts with BRPC (65) or LAPC (15) treated with neoadjuvant CT + SBRT between 2011-2017. Median follow up was 20 months. CT primarily included FOLFIRINOX (65%) and gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (30%). Of pts completing CT + SBRT, 67 (84%) went to surgery and 53 (79%) of those pts underwent definitive surgery including seven LAPC patients. The remaining 14 pts underwent palliative or exploratory surgery due to intraoperative metastases (43%) or vascular involvement (57%). Of pts undergoing definitive surgery, 51 had R0 resection (96%) and 5 (9%) had a complete pathologic response (PR) to CT + SBRT. The R0 resection rate of the cohort was 64%. OS was 24.5 months. Pts with a complete or marked (14%) PR had significantly better OS than those with a moderate (40%) PR (41.3 vs 30 months, p = 0.04) and pts unable to undergo definitive surgery (18.2 months, p &lt; 0.001). Zero of 11 pts who had a marked or complete PR had local progression, significant compared to those with moderate PR (p = 0.012). DMFS between these two groups was not statistically significantly different. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant CT + SBRT are associated with favorable PR rates and R0 resection rates. Marked or complete PR was associated with improved LPFS and OS compared to moderate PR and pts who did not undergo definitive surgery. DMFS was not significantly different between complete and marked PR compared to those with moderate PR.
Adjuvant Androgen-Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Nicholas J. Vogelzang
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

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The pill and women’s sexuality
Authors: Cynthia A Graham
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Early region E3 of adenovirus (Ad) appears to encode proteins involved in the interaction of the virus with the host immune system. The E3 region 19-kDa glycoprotein (gp19K) binds to class I MHC Ag in the endoplasmic reticulum and inhibits their transport to the cell surface; it has been proposed that this protects virus infected cells from lysis by CTL. We have found that the E3 14.7-kDa protein (14.7K) inhibits lysis of infected cells by TNF, and here we show that it also protects cells from lysis by lymphotoxin, which has been implicated as a mediator of CTL lysis. We have developed a method for producing CTL specific for human Ad2 and Ad5 in mice, in order to test directly which of the genes in the E3 region protect infected cells from lysis by virus specific CTL. The presence of the E3 region inhibits both the induction of Ad-specific CTL in culture and the lysis of infected target cells by these CTL. The inhibition varies between different mouse strains, with almost complete inhibition in C57BL/10 (H-2b) mice, partial inhibition with BALB/c (H-2d) and little or no inhibition with C3H (H-2k); results were similar for Ad2 and Ad5. By using a panel of E3 deletion mutants, inhibition of target cell lysis by Ad5 specific CTL was mapped exclusively to the gp19K gene. The 14.7K gene had no effect on CTL lysis despite its ability to protect cells against lysis by lymphotoxin. gp19K was synthesized abundantly in mouse cells by mutants retaining the gp19K gene; some mutant forms of the protein were synthesized but were nonfunctional. These data support the hypothesis that gp19K can protect Ad infected cells against lysis by virus specific CTL.
Publisher Correction: ApoE attenuates unresolvable inflammation by complex formation with activated C1q
Authors: Changjun Yin, Susanne Ackermann, Zhe Ma, Sarajo K. Mohanta, Chuankai Zhang, Yuanfang Li, Sandor Nietzsche, Martin Westermann, Li Peng, Desheng Hu, Sai Vineela Bontha, Prasad Srikakulapu, Michael Beer, Remco T. A. Megens, Sabine Steffens, Markus Hildner, Luke D. Halder, Hans-Henning Eckstein, Jaroslav Pelisek, Jochen Herms, Sigrun Roeber, Thomas Arzberger, Anna Borodovsky, Livia Habenicht, Christoph J. Binder, Christian Weber, Peter F. Zipfel, Christine Skerka, Andreas J. R. Habenicht
Journal: Nature Medicine (2019)
Review of updated colorectal cancer disease management data in the Colombian National Administrative Cancer Registry.
Authors: Robert Hsu, Paula Ramirez, Lizbeth Acuña, Gilberto Lopes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

508 Background: The Office of High Cost of the Colombian Health Ministry created the National Administrative Cancer Registry (NACR) in 2015 to obtain nationwide cancer data to find areas for improvement in cancer delivery. From initial data, a collaboration of healthcare experts identified 15 disease management indicators in colorectal (CRC) cancer in Colombia. In this study, we look at 2017 NACR data to investigate significant findings. Methods: We obtained NACR data compiled from the Department of Health Ministry from January 2, 2016-January 1, 2017 consisting of 32 departments and 1122 municipalities. The 2017 NACR data for CRC includes 11 of 15 updated disease management indicators - time to diagnosis, proportion of patients with colorectal cancer in situ, proportion of new cases identified in early stages, proportion of patients with TNM staging, proportion of patients with TNM staging before treatment, time before treatment, time between neoadjuvant therapy and surgery, time between surgery and adjuvant therapy, proportion of stage I and II patients receiving curative surgery, proportion of patients with nutritional support, mortality rate, and incidence. Results: The incidence of CRC was 5.2 cases per 100,000 people and the mortality was 3.6 cases per 100,000 people. The time to diagnosis was on average 50.7 days. 3.6% of CRC cases were in situ. 35.6% of cases were identified in early stages, and 51.3% of cases had TNM staging with 45.1% staged prior to treatment. The time to initial treatment was 63.7 days. The time between neoadjuvant therapy and surgery was 116.1 days and the time between surgery and adjuvant therapy was 75.5 days. 24.2% of stage I and II patients received curative surgery. 9.8% patients received nutritional support. Conclusions: The updated NACR data show significant wait times for treatment and exaggerated wait times for patients needing neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapies. The findings show significant work is needed in providing supportive services. There needs to be further investigation into follow-up after initial treatment. Further directions should include more data collection of adjuvant and neoadjuvant wait times and outcomes data of specific treatment modalities.
Abstract 20339: Healthcare Expenditure and Mortality Profile Associated With Acute Bacterial Endocarditis: Comparison Between Public and Private Health Systems
Authors: Sarang Paleri, Janaka J Lovell, Matthew Peverelle, Tali Lior, Jonathan Darby, Andrew Newcomb, Andrew Wilson
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Infective endocarditis (IE) yields a high in-hospital mortality rate despite appropriate management. Differences in patient & organizational factors in public & private hospitals may ...
Preoperative evaluation with computed tomography (CT) of the resectability of mesenteric lymph node metastases in small intestine neuroendocrine neoplasms (si-NENs): New criteria for clinicians and surgeons.
Authors: Luigi Funicelli, Emilio Bertani, Fabio Zugni, Massimo Bellomi, Nicola Fazio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

212 Background: The 2016 European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society consensus guidelines update recommends resection of the primary tumor and all mesenteric lymph-nodes for all patients with si-NENs, both with curative and palliative purposes. Current resectability criteria are based on the degree of involvement of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) by the metastatic lymph nodes. The aim of this work was to test these criteria for the evaluation of our patients; we included as additional criteria the degree of involvement of the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) and peritoneum, two features not covered by current literature. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the pre-operative CT-scans of all patients with si-NENs operated at IEO (European Institute of Oncology) between 2008 and April 2018. A first analysis classified tumors as “resectable” or “unresectable” according to SMA involvement. A second analysis classified tumors as resectable or unresectable according to SMA involvement, SMV involvement (infiltration of the peripheral or proximal portion) and peritoneal involvement (presence or absence of fibrosis and retraction of the mesentery). We finally reviewed all surgery reports assessing radicality and completeness of the operation. Results: Abdominal CT-scan were available for analysis in 42 out of 47 operated patients. According to the first analysis, all three tumors classified as unresectable underwent incomplete resection, whereas out of the 39 tumors classified as resectable, six received an incomplete resection and 33 were completely resected. According to the second analysis, the nine tumors classified as unresectable underwent an incomplete resection, whereas 33 tumors classified as resectable were completely resected. Conclusions: Our retrospective analysis confirmed that SMA involvement may be useful to evaluate the resectability of the primary tumor and mesenteric lymph nodes. Furthermore, it suggested that the additional evaluation of the SMV and peritoneum involvement can allow to identify further cases of tumors for which complete resection is not possible.
Phase II study of ibrutinib in advanced carcinoid and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Authors: Taymeyah E. Al-Toubah, Tiffany Valone, Michael J. Schell, Jonathan R. Strosberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

434 Background: Ibrutinib is an orally administered, inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk). Preclinical data suggest that mast cells are recruited with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) where they remodel the stroma and stimulate angiogenesis, driving macroscopic tumor expansion. Ibrutinib inhibits mast cell degranulation, and has been associated with regression of a mouse insulinoma model. Methods: A prospective, phase II trial evaluated patients with advanced GI/lung NETs and pNETs who had evidence of progression within 12 months of study entry on at least one prior therapy. Patients received ibrutinib 560mg daily until unacceptable toxicity, progression of disease, or withdrawal of consent. Primary endpoint was objective response rate. Results: 20 patients were enrolled on protocol from November 2015 – December 2017 (15 carcinoid and five pNETs). No patients experienced objective response. Median PFS was 3.1 months. A total of 43 drug related AEs were captured as probably or definitely associated with ibrutinib. Five patients experienced probably or definitely related grade 3 AEs and one patient experienced a probably related grade 4 AE. Five patients discontinued treatment prior to radiographic assessment. Conclusions: Ibrutinib does not show significant evidence of activity when compared to other agents (e.g. Everolimus) in well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic and lung NETs. Clinical trial information: 02575300.
Patterns of care and outcomes of definitive external beam radiotherapy and radioembolization for localized hepatocellular carcinoma: A propensity score-adjusted analysis.
Authors: Danielle Sara Bitterman, Nina Niu Sanford, Andrzej Niemierko, Brandon Arvin Virgil Mahal, Motaz Qadan, Suvranu Ganguli, Lawrence Scott Blaszkowsky, Andrew X. Zhu, Theodore S. Hong, Phillip M. Devlin, Lipika Goyal, Jennifer Yon-Li Wo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

329 Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Most patients with localized HCC are not surgically operable or transplantation candidates, thus there is an increasing role for nonsurgical locoregional therapies. Ablative external beam radiotherapy (XRT) and transarterial radioembolization (TARE) are two emerging radiotherapeutic treatments for localized HCC. However, there are little data comparing their efficacy. We therefore sought to evaluate their utilization and efficacy in a large nationwide cohort. Methods: We conducted an observational study of 2,685 patients from the National Cancer Database diagnosed with American Joint Committee on Cancer 7 th edition clinical stage I-III HCC between 2004-2015, treated with definitive-intent XRT delivered in 1-15 fractions or TARE. The association between treatment modality (XRT versus TARE [referent]) and overall survival (OS) was defined using propensity score-weighted Kaplan-Meier estimators and propensity score-weighted multivariable Cox regressions. Results: Among 2,685 patients, 2,007 (74.7%) received TARE and 678 (25.3%) received XRT, with increasing usage for both from 2004-2015 ( P trend &lt; 0.001), but with overall greater uptake and absolute usage of TARE. Patients who received TARE were more likely to have elevated alpha fetoprotein and more advanced stage ( P &lt; 0.05 for all). Median OS was 14.5 months for the entire cohort. XRT was associated with an OS advantage compared to TARE on propensity score-unadjusted analysis (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] 0.80, 95% CI 0.67-0.95, P = 0.013), but not on propensity score-adjusted analysis (AHR 0.93, 95% CI 0.76-1.14, P = 0.491). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that while both XRT and TARE usage have increased with time, there was greater uptake and absolute use of TARE, especially in advanced disease. Nevertheless, we found no difference in survival between XRT and TARE after propensity score-adjustment. Given their equivalence on retrospective study, prospective trials are necessary.
Geriatric Assessment (GA) Measures and Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) Among Older Adults Treated in a Phase 1b Study for Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Authors: Heidi D. Klepin, Avrita Campinha-Bacote, Wan-Jen Hong, Patrick Phuong, Jue Wang, Mehrdad Mobasher, Peter Trask
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 15351: Association of Life’s Simple 7 and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Ebenezer T Oni, Oluseye Ogunmoroti, Norrina Allen, Ron Blankstein, Seth S Martin, Mary Cushman, Parag H Joshi, Matthew J Budoff, Michael J Blaha, Roger S Blumenthal, Emir Veledar, Khurram Nasir
Journal: Circulation (2016)

The AHA defined life’s simple 7 (LS7) as a measure of Cardiovascular health (CVH). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered a significant risk factor for increased CVD. We evaluated ...
Eltrombopag Promotes Megakaryocyte Survival and Signaling in the Presence of Specific Cytotoxic Agents
Authors: Komal Kumar Javarappa, Dimitrios Tsallos, Bulat Zagidullin, Joseph J Saad, Jing Tang, Pedro Marques Ramos, Celine Pallaud, Caroline A Heckman
Journal: Blood (2018)