Dispense With Supplements for Improving Heart Outcomes
Authors: Amitabh C. Pandey, Eric J. Topol
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

Editorials6 August 2019Dispense With Supplements for Improving Heart OutcomesAmitabh C. Pandey, MD and Eric J. Topol, MDAmitabh C. Pandey, MDScripps Research Translational Institute, Scripps Research, and Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California (A.C.P., E.J.T.) and Eric J. Topol, MDScripps Research Translational Institute, Scripps Research, and Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California (A.C.P., E.J.T.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M19-1498 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Diets and supplements are 2 of the most intense areas of public interest but are among the most lacking in adequate data. The use of supplements continues to increase in the United States and worldwide, largely without evidence for their efficacy or safety. Nearly 3 in 4 persons in the United States use some form of supplements, so it is no wonder that the supplement market is estimated to reach nearly $300 billion in the next 5 years (1). In addition to the unbridled uptake, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration lacks regulatory authority over supplements. Yet, the safety of ...References1. Kim J, Choi J, Kwon SY, et al. Association of multivitamin and mineral supplementation and risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2018;11:e004224. [PMID: 29991644] doi:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.117.004224 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Heid M. The problem with supplements. Accessed at https://elemental.medium.com/the-problem-with-supplements-e0f5f2fb1d74 on 8 May 2019. Google Scholar3. Ioannidis JPA. The challenge of reforming nutritional epidemiologic research. JAMA. 2018;320:969-70. [PMID: 30422271] doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11025 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Khan SU, Khan MU, Riaz H, et al. Effects of nutritional supplements and dietary interventions on cardiovascular outcomes. An umbrella review and evidence map. Ann Intern Med. 2019;171:190-8. doi:10.7326/M19-0341 LinkGoogle Scholar5. Chen F, Du M, Blumberg JB, et al. Association among dietary supplement use, nutrient intake, and mortality among U.S. adults: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2019;170:604-13. [PMID: 30959527]. doi:10.7326/M18-2478 LinkGoogle Scholar6. Bowman L, Mafham M, Wallendszus K, et al; ASCEND Study Collaborative Group. Effects of n-3 fatty acid supplements in diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:1540-50. [PMID: 30146932] doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1804989 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. Manson JE, Cook NR, Lee IM, et al; VITAL Research Group. Vitamin D supplements and prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:33-44. [PMID: 30415629] doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1809944 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Urinary sodium excretion, blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and mortality: a community-level prospective epidemiological cohort study. Lancet. 2018;392:496-506. [PMID: 30129465] doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31376-X CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium. Washington, DC: National Academies Pr; 2019. Google Scholar10. Messerli FH, Hofstetter L, Bangalore S. Salt and heart disease: a second round of "bad science"? Lancet. 2018;392:456-8. [PMID: 30129446] doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31724-0 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Scripps Research Translational Institute, Scripps Research, and Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California (A.C.P., E.J.T.)Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M19-1498.Corresponding Author: Eric J. Topol, MD, Scripps Research Translational Institute, Scripps Research, 3344 North Torrey Pines Court, Suite 300, La Jolla, CA 92037; e-mail, [email protected]edu.Current Author Addresses: Dr. Topol: Scripps Research Translational Institute, Scripps Research, 3344 North Torrey Pines Court, Suite 300, La Jolla, CA 92037.Dr. Pandey: Scripps Clinic, 9898 Genesee Avenue, AMP400, La Jolla, CA 92037.This article was published at Annals.org on 9 July 2019. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEffects of Nutritional Supplements and Dietary Interventions on Cardiovascular Outcomes Safi U. Khan , Muhammad U. Khan , Haris Riaz , Shahul Valavoor , Di Zhao , Lauren Vaughan , Victor Okunrintemi , Irbaz Bin Riaz , Muhammad Shahzeb Khan , Edo Kaluski , M. Hassan Murad , Michael J. Blaha , Eliseo Guallar , and Erin D. Michos Metrics Cited bySodium intake, life expectancy, and all-cause mortalityUsing Data Visualization to Analyze the Correlation of Heart Disease Triggers and Using Machine Learning to Predict Heart DiseaseIdentifying Prognostic Features for Predicting Heart Failure by Using Machine Learning AlgorithmMachine learning can predict survival of patients with heart failure from serum creatinine and ejection fraction aloneDietary Supplements: Are Current Policies Adequate for Promoting Health?Correction: Effects of Nutritional Supplements and Dietary Interventions on Cardiovascular Outcomes 6 August 2019Volume 171, Issue 3Page: 216-217KeywordsDietFatty acidsFolic acidMortalityRandomized trialsSafetySaltsSodiumStrokeVitamin D ePublished: 9 July 2019 Issue Published: 6 August 2019 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2019 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...