tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 405: A Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Cardiac Arrest Outcome Using a Large Multi-Center Database
Authors: Hanbiehn Kim, Hieu Nguyen, Qingchu Jin, Sharmila Tamby, Tatiana Gelaf Romer, Eric Sung, Ran Liu, Joseph Greenstein, Raimund Winslow, Jose I Suarez, Christian Storm, Robert D Stevens
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Cardiac arrest (CA) poses a significant risk of death and long-term neurological disability yet there remains a lack of accurate and reliable methods to prognosticate post-CA outcome, indicating a major unmet need. Additionally, no existing CA outcome prediction model utilizes physiological time series (PTS) data, which captures transitions in a patient’s health state at high temporal resolution. Materials and Methods: We screened the Philips eICU database, which includes over 200,000 patients in 200 hospitals, extracting data on CA patients within 24 hours of ICU admission. We first extracted PTS and Electronic Health Record (HER) features and selected our features using nested Random Forest. The outcome labels were neurological state or mortality at ICU discharge. We tested various individual and ensemble machine learning algorithms (GLM, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Support Vector Machine, Neural Networks) and optimization techniques (hyperparameter tuning, model stacking, and transfer learning) to maximize the accuracy of outcome prediction. Results: For prediction of neurological outcome, our model combining EHR and PTS features achieved a higher sensitivity (0.78), specificity (0.88), and AUC (0.87±0.01) compared to the APACHE baseline standard model (AUC: 0.74±0.01, sensitivity: 0.77, specificity: 0.63). Also, for prediction of mortality our model (AUC: 0.81±0.01, sensitivity: 0.78, specificity: 0.71) outperformed the APACHE clinical baseline (AUC: 0.75±0.01, sensitivity: 0.86, specificity: 0.56) by 7%. The integration of PTS with EHR data increased mean AUC by 4% for neurological outcome and 2% for mortality. Conclusion: Results demonstrate that for both neurological outcome and mortality prediction, our ensemble model was significantly more effective compared to the baseline APACHE model. Additionally, we find that PTS data adds to the discriminative power of clinical models. With appropriate validation in prospective cohorts, these findings could be used as point-of-care references to aid ICU physicians in clinical decision-making.
End-stage Renal Disease After Kidney Donation—More Research Needed
Authors: Arthur J. Matas, Hassan N. Ibrahim, David M. Vock
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
US Organ Donation Policy
Authors: Stephen P. Wall, Brendan Parent, Arthur Caplan
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
B08 Impact of Concurrent STK11 Loss and c-MYC Amplification in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: S. Menon, C. Ellis, S. Poudel, J. Johnson, A. Szabo, B. George, W. Kevin Kelly, S. Grant, J. McPherson, M. Cristofanilli, C. Hoimes, M. Gutierrez, J. Doudement, L. Chan, G. Singal, B. Alexander, V. Miller, D. Sohal
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020)
Rituximab with prednisolone as first‐line treatment in pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: M. Scorer, J.F. Setterfield, K.E. Harman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Linked Article: Chen et al. Br J Dermatol 2020; 182:1111–1119. Audio S1 Author audio. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Policy Makers’ Tough Choices for Psychological Interventions in Global Mental Health
Authors: Brandon A. Kohrt, Rabih El Chammay, S. Benedict Dossen
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Abstract 183: Association of Hospital-Level Factors With Variation in Survival After Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Between Receiving Hospitals in Japan
Authors: Satoshi Koyama, Koichiro Gibo, Yutaka Yamaguchi, Masashi Okubo
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Patient outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) varies at multiple levels (geographic regions, emergency medical service agencies, and receiving hospitals). However, the contribution of hospital-level factors to the outcome variation is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between hospital-level factors and variation in outcomes after OHCA between hospitals. Methods: We performed secondary analysis of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine OHCA Registry, a prospective multi-center registry. We included adults (≥18 years) with OHCA of medical origin between June 2014 and December 2015. The primary outcome was 1-month survival and secondary outcome was 1-month survival with favorable functional status, defined as Cerebral Performance Category scale 1 or 2. We constructed two multivariable hierarchical logistic regression models for each outcome: (1) patient-level factors and (2) patient- and hospital-level factors. Hospital-level factors included the number of medical staff involved in resuscitation, proportion of patients who received targeted temperature management among those with return of spontaneous circulation, and proportion of patients who received extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation among those with shockable rhythm. We calculated adjusted outcomes for each hospital and median odds ratios (MORs) to evaluate the effects of hospital-level factors on between-hospital variation in outcomes. Results: We analyzed the data of 9,303 adults with OHCA of medical origin treated at 67 hospitals. After adjustment for patient-level factors, 1-month survival was 0.02-0.14 (adjusted MOR, 1.36; 95% credible interval (CI), 1.17-1.77). After adjustment for patient- and hospital-level factors, the adjusted MOR was 1.14 (95% CI, 1.05-1.33). Similarly, the adjusted MORs for favorable functional outcomes were 1.48 (95% CI 1.18-2.12) with adjustment for patient-level factors and 1.30 (95% CI 1.07-1.80) with adjustment for patient- and hospital-level factors. Conclusions: With adjustment for hospital-level factors, we noted attenuation of variation in patient outcomes after OHCA across hospitals, suggesting that hospital-level factors may partly explain outcome variations.
Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
Authors: Chaolin Huang, Yeming Wang, Xingwang Li, Lili Ren, Jianping Zhao, Yi Hu, Li Zhang, Guohui Fan, Jiuyang Xu, Xiaoying Gu, Zhenshun Cheng, Ting Yu, Jiaan Xia, Yuan Wei, Wenjuan Wu, Xuelei Xie, Wen Yin, Hui Li, Min Liu, Yan Xiao, Hong Gao, Li Guo, Jungang Xie, Guangfa Wang, Rongmeng Jiang, Zhancheng Gao, Qi Jin, Jianwei Wang, Bin Cao
Journal: The Lancet (2020)
Monocytic Subclones Confer Resistance to Venetoclax-Based Therapy in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Shanshan Pei, Daniel A. Pollyea, Annika Gustafson, Brett M. Stevens, Mohammad Minhajuddin, Rui Fu, Kent A. Riemondy, Austin E. Gillen, Ryan M. Sheridan, Jihye Kim, James C. Costello, Maria L. Amaya, Anagha Inguva, Amanda Winters, Haobin Ye, Anna Krug, Courtney L. Jones, Biniam Adane, Nabilah Khan, Jessica Ponder, Jeffrey Schowinsky, Diana Abbott, Andrew Hammes, Jason R. Myers, John M. Ashton, Travis Nemkov, Angelo D'Alessandro, Jonathan A. Gutman, Haley E. Ramsey, Michael R. Savona, Clayton A. Smith, Craig T. Jordan
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2020)

Venetoclax-based therapy can induce responses in approximately 70% of older previously untreated patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, up-front resistance as well as relapse following initial response demonstrates the need for a deeper understanding of resistance mechanisms. In the present study, we report that responses to venetoclax +azacitidine in patients with AML correlate closely with developmental stage, where phenotypically primitive AML is sensitive, but monocytic AML is more resistant. Mechanistically, resistant monocytic AML has a distinct transcriptomic profile, loses expression of venetoclax target BCL2, and relies on MCL1 to mediate oxidative phosphorylation and survival. This differential sensitivity drives a selective process in patients which favors the outgrowth of monocytic subpopulations at relapse. Based on these findings, we conclude that resistance to venetoclax + azacitidine can arise due to biological properties intrinsic to monocytic differentiation. We propose that optimal AML therapies should be designed so as to independently target AML subclones that may arise at differing stages of pathogenesis. SIGNIFICANCE: Identifying characteristics of patients who respond poorly to venetoclax-based therapy and devising alternative therapeutic strategies for such patients are important topics in AML. We show that venetoclax resistance can arise due to intrinsic molecular/metabolic properties of monocytic AML cells and that such properties can potentially be targeted with alternative strategies.
Low-FODMAP Diet for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: What We Know and What We Have Yet to Learn
Authors: Jerry Liu, William D. Chey, Emily Haller, Shanti Eswaran
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2020)

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most prevalent of gastrointestinal (GI) conditions, affecting millions of people worldwide. Given that most IBS patients associate their GI symptoms with eating food, specific dietary manipulation has become an attractive treatment strategy. A diet low in FODMAPs (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols) has generated the greatest level of scientific and clinical interest. Overall, 52–86% of patients report significant improvement of their IBS symptoms with elimination of dietary FODMAPs. Patients who experience symptom improvement with FODMAP elimination should undergo a structured reintroduction of foods containing individual FODMAPs to determine sensitivities and allow for personalization of the diet plan. This review discusses the literature surrounding the administration of the low-FODMAP diet and its efficacy in the treatment of IBS.
A12 The SHP2 Inhibitor RMC-4630 in Patients with KRAS-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Preliminary Evaluation of a First-in-Man Phase 1 Clinical Trial
Authors: S.I. Ou, M. Koczywas, S. Ulahannan, P. Janne, J. Pacheco, H. Burris, C. McCoach, J.S. Wang, M. Gordon, E. Haura, J.W. Riess, V. Zhu, K. Ng, S.G. Eckhardt, A. Capasso, R. Dua, A. Chen, Z. Wang, J. Hayes, R. Nichols, T. Bivona
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020)
Genomic origin and EGFR-TKI treatments of pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma
Authors: G. Lin, C. Li, P.S. Li, W.Z. Fang, H.P. Xu, Y.H. Gong, Z.F. Zhu, Y. Hu, W.H. Liang, Q. Chu, W.Z. Zhong, L. Wu, H.J. Wang, Z.J. Wang, Z.M. Li, J. Lin, Y.F. Guan, X.F. Xia, X. Yi, Q. Miao, B. Wu, K. Jiang, X.B. Zheng, W.F. Zhu, X.L. Zheng, P.S. Huang, W.J. Xiao, D. Hu, L.F. Zhang, X.R. Fan, T.S.K. Mok, C. Huang
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Price Transparency in the Electronic Health Record
Authors: Srinivas R. Mummadi, Raghavendra Mishra, Rajasekhara R. Mummadi
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The evolution of the European Respiratory Journal: ready for the new decade!
Authors: James D. Chalmers, Elin L. Reeves, Neil J. Bullen, Martin Kolb
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

It has already been 2 years since we took the privilege of leading the European Respiratory Journal and we want to wish all of our readers, authors, reviewers and editors a very happy and successful 2020. It has been another busy and successful year at the journal. The ERJ editors wish all readers, authors, reviewers and editors a happy and successful 2020, and are ready to continue their work into the new decade! <http://bit.ly/36AbocX>
Treatment with isoniazid or rifampin for latent tuberculosis infection: population-based study of hepatotoxicity, completion and costs
Authors: Lisa A. Ronald, J. Mark FitzGerald, Gillian Bartlett-Esquilant, Kevin Schwartzman, Andrea Benedetti, Jean-François Boivin, Dick Menzies
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Clinical trials suggest less hepatotoxicity and better adherence with 4 months rifampin (4R) versus 9 months isoniazid (9H) for treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Our objectives were to compare frequencies of severe hepatic adverse events and treatment completion, and direct health system costs of LTBI regimens 4R and 9H, in the general population of the province of Quebec, Canada, using provincial health administrative data. Our retrospective cohort included all patients starting rifampin or isoniazid regimens between 2003 and 2007. We estimated hepatotoxicity from hospitalisation records, treatment completion from community pharmacy records and direct costs from billing records and fee schedules. We compared rifampin to isoniazid using logistic (hepatotoxicity), log-binomial (completion), and gamma (costs) regression, with adjustment for age, co-morbidities and other confounders. 10 559 individuals started LTBI treatment (9684 isoniazid; 875 rifampin). Rifampin patients were older with more baseline co-morbidities. Severe hepatotoxicity risk was higher with isoniazid (n=15) than rifampin (n=1), adjusted OR=2.3 (95% CI: 0.3–16.1); there were two liver transplants and one death with isoniazid and none with rifampin. Overall, patients without co-morbidities had lower hepatotoxicity risk (0.1% versus 1.0%). 4R completion (53.5%) was higher than 9H (36.9%), adjusted RR=1.5 (95% CI: 1.3–1.7). Mean costs per patient were lower for rifampin than isoniazid: adjusted cost ratio=0.7 (95% CI: 0.5–0.9). Risk of severe hepatotoxicity and direct costs were lower, and completion was higher, for 4R than 9H, after adjustment for age and co-morbidities. Severe hepatotoxicity resulted in death or liver transplant in three patients receiving 9H, compared with no patients receiving 4R.
Great debate: surgery versus stereotactic radiotherapy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Crispin Hiley, Ahmed Salem, Tim Batchelor, Fiona McDonald, Matthew Evison
Journal: Thorax (2020)

Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for primary early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a precision therapy given over three to eight fractions, delivering a high dose to the tumour while minimising the dose to surrounding non-malignant tissues. SABR offers several advantages over conventionally fractionated radiotherapy, which is given daily for 4.0–6.5 weeks. Importantly, due to improved radiotherapy conformality, SABR allows a higher biologically effective dose (BED) to be given compared with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy. The increased tumour control using a higher BED was demonstrated recently in the phase III randomised CHISEL trial, which reported significantly reduced local failure rates in patients with peripheral tumours treated with SABR compared with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (14% vs 31%) and an improvement in overall survival (OS).1 This is reflected in real-world data from the UK National Lung Cancer Audit (NLCA), which showed that the HR for death for those who underwent SABR was 0.69 compared with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy.2 

The current National Institute for Clinical Excellence guidelines recommend that SABR should only be offered to patients who decline or are not suitable or considered at high risk for surgery with lobectomy. While patient preference for surgery or SABR does exist,3 UK patients undergoing SABR are predominantly those felt to be unsuitable for surgery due to frailty and/or the presence of comorbidities. Despite the success of comparing SABR with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy, attempts to objectively compare SABR with surgery have failed with the early closure of several international (STARS and ROSEL) and a UK randomised trial (SABRTOOTH) due to poor recruitment. Other trials comparing surgery and SABR in operable patients with stage I NSCLC are ongoing (NCT02468024, STABLE-MATES, and NCT02984761, VALOR).

In the absence of high-quality data, clinical guidelines are forced to make recommendations based on lower levels of evidence. …
Genomic and Epigenomic Alterations in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Ferran Nadeu, Ander Diaz-Navarro, Julio Delgado, Xose S. Puente, Elías Campo
Journal: Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease (2020)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a common disease in Western countries and has heterogeneous clinical behavior. The relevance of the genetic basis of the disease has come to the forefront recently, with genome-wide studies that have provided a comprehensive view of structural variants, somatic mutations, and different layers of epigenetic changes. The mutational landscape is characterized by relatively common copy number alterations, a few mutated genes occurring in 10–15% of cases, and a large number of genes mutated in a small number of cases. The epigenomic profile has revealed a marked reprogramming of regulatory regions in tumor cells compared with normal B cells. All of these alterations are differentially distributed in clinical and biological subsets of the disease, indicating that they may underlie the heterogeneous evolution of the disease. These global studies are revealing the molecular complexity of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and provide new perspectives that have helped to understand its pathogenic mechanisms and improve the clinical management of patients.
Development and Survival of MYC-driven Lymphomas Requires MYC-Antagonist MNT to Curb MYC-induced Apoptosis
Authors: Hai Vu Nguyen, Cassandra J Vandenberg, Ashley P Ng, Mikara R Robati, Natasha S Anstee, Joel Rimes, Edwin Hawkins, Suzanne Cory
Journal: Blood (2020)