tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gelatin Nanoparticle‐Injectable Platelet‐Rich Fibrin Double Network Hydrogels with Local Adaptability and Bioactivity for Enhanced Osteogenesis
Authors: Zhixiang Mu, Kaiwen Chen, Shuai Yuan, Yihan Li, Yuanding Huang, Chao Wang, Yang Zhang, Wenzhao Liu, Wenping Luo, Panpan Liang, Xiaodong Li, Jinlin Song, Ping Ji, Fang Cheng, Huanan Wang, Tao Chen
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Bone healing is a dynamic process regulated by biochemical signals such as chemokines and growth factors, and biophysical signals such as topographical and mechanical features of extracellular matrix or mechanical stimuli. Hereby, a mechanically tough and bioactive hydrogel based on autologous injectable platelet-rich fibrin (iPRF) modified with gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) is developed. This composite hydrogel demonstrates a double network (DN) mechanism, wherein covalent network of fibrin serves to maintain material integrity, and self-assembled colloidal network of GNPs dissipates force upon loading. A rabbit sinus augmentation model is used to investigate the bioactivity and osteogenesis capacity of the DN hydrogels. The DN hydrogels adapt to the local environmental complexity of bone defects, i.e., accommodate the irregular shape of the defects and withstand the pressure formed in the maxillary sinus during animal's respiration process. The DN hydrogel is also demonstrated to absorb and prolong the release of the bioactive growth factors stemming from iPRF, which could have contributed to the early angiogenesis and osteogenesis observed inside the sinus. This adaptable and bioactive DN hydrogel can achieve enhanced bone regeneration in treating complex bone defects by maintaining long-term bone mass and withstanding the functional mechanical stimuli.
Understanding the Rewards of Successful Drug Development — Thinking Inside the Box
Authors: Dhruv Khullar, Jennifer A. Ohn, Mark Trusheim, Peter B. Bach
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Risks and rewards change during the life cycle of a drug. In the innovation period, drug companies invest in developing new products but cannot sell them. Newly approved drugs initially have exclusivity and enter the monopoly period, which is followed by the competitive period, when branded drugs compete with generics. The influence of policies on financial incentives in each period is described.
Beyond validation: getting health apps into clinical practice
Authors: William J. Gordon, Adam Landman, Haipeng Zhang, David W. Bates
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2020)

Fueled by advances in technology, increased access to smartphones, and capital investment, the number of available health "apps" has exploded in recent years. Patients use their smartphones for many things, but not as much as they might for health, especially for managing their chronic conditions. Moreover, while significant work is ongoing to develop, validate, and evaluate these apps, it is less clear how to effectively disseminate apps into routine clinical practice. We propose a framework for prescribing apps and outline the key issues that need to be addressed to enable app dissemination in clinical care. This includes: education and awareness, creating digital formularies, workflow and EHR integration, payment models, and patient/provider support. As work in digital health continues to expand, integrating health apps into clinical care delivery will be critical if digital health is to achieve its potential.
Association of Simulated Patient Race/Ethnicity With Scheduling of Primary Care Appointments
Authors: Janna M. Wisniewski, Brigham Walker
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Racial and ethnic disparities in access to health care may result from discrimination. <h3>Objectives</h3> To identify differences in the rates at which patients belonging to racial/ethnic minority groups are offered primary care appointments and the number of days they wait for their primary care appointment and to understand the mechanisms by which discrimination occurs. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cross-sectional study used 7 simulated black, Hispanic, and white patient callers to request appointments from 804 randomized primary care offices in 2 urban centers in Texas from November 2017 to February 2018. Data analysis was conducted between February and December 2018. <h3>Exposures</h3> Research assistants called randomly assigned offices to schedule an appointment, supplying the same basic information. Race and ethnicity were signaled through callers' names and voices. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Appointment offer rates, days to appointment, and questions asked during the call. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 7 callers (age range, 18-29 years), 2 (28.6%) self-identified as non-Hispanic black, 3 (42.9%) self-identified as non-Hispanic white, and 2 (28.6%) self-identified as Hispanic. Of the 804 calls they made, 299 (37.2%) were from simulated white callers, 215 (26.7%) were from simulated black callers, and 290 (36.1%) were from simulated Hispanic callers. Overall, 582 callers (72.4%) were offered appointments. In unadjusted models, black and Hispanic callers were more likely to be offered an appointment than white callers (black callers, 32.2 [95% CI, 25.1-39.3] percentage points more likely;<i>P</i> &lt; .001; Hispanic callers, 21.1 [95% CI, 13.7-28.5] percentage points more likely;<i>P</i> &lt; .001). However, after adjusting for whether insurance status was revealed, this statistical significance was lost. In adjusted models, black callers were 44.0 (95% CI, 36.2-51.8) percentage points more likely to be asked about their insurance status than white callers (<i>P</i> &lt; .001), and Hispanic callers were 25.3 (95% CI, 17.1-33.5) percentage points more likely to be asked about their insurance status (<i>P</i> &lt; .001) than white callers. Black and Hispanic callers received appointments further in the future than white callers (black callers: marginal effect estimate, 3.650; 95% CI, 0.579 to 6.721;<i>P</i> = .08; Hispanic callers: marginal effect estimate, 2.644; 95% CI, −0.496 to 5.784;<i>P</i> = .02). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this study, black and Hispanic patients were more likely to be offered an appointment, but they were asked more frequently about their insurance status than white callers. Black and Hispanic callers experienced longer wait times than white patients, indicating a barrier to timely access to primary care.
The 22-gauge core needle is not optimal for endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy
Authors: Shaffer R. S. Mok, David L. Diehl, Bradley D. Confer, Amitpal S. Johal, Harshit S. Khara
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

See also: Which needle and technique should we use for endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy? A work in progressEndoscopy 2019; 51(09): 811-812DOI: 10.1055/a-0967-1829 See also: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy using a 22-G fine needle biopsy needle: a prospective studyEndoscopy 2019; 51(09): 818-824DOI: 10.1055/a-0967-3640 See also: Reply to Mok et al.Endoscopy 2020; 52(02): 158-158DOI: 10.1055/a-1041-3188
Wounds in War. The Mechanism of their Production and their Treatment.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Home-Based Physical Therapy for Older Adults After Hip Fracture—Reply
Authors: Jay Magaziner, Rebecca Craik
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TRAIL-expressing cell membrane nanovesicles as an anti-inflammatory platform for rheumatoid arthritis therapy
Authors: Yesi Shi, Fengfei Xie, Peishi Rao, Hongyan Qian, Rongjuan Chen, Hu Chen, Dengfeng Li, Dan Mu, Lili Zhang, Peng Lv, Guixiu Shi, Li Zheng, Gang Liu
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2020)
Concerns About the HCM Risk-Kids Study—Reply
Authors: Gabrielle Norrish, Perry Elliott, Juan Pablo Kaski
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
HIF-1ɑ-regulated miR-1275 maintains stem cell-like phenotypes and promotes the progression of LUAD by simultaneously activating Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling
Authors: Neng Jiang, Chang Zou, Ying Zhu, Yifeng Luo, Lili Chen, Yiyan Lei, Kejing Tang, Yu Sun, Wenhui Zhang, Shuhua Li, Qiong He, Jianwen Zhou, Yangshan Chen, Jiping Luo, Wenting Jiang, Zunfu Ke
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Rationale: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered to be essential for tumorigenesis, recurrence, and metastasis and therefore serve as a biomarker for tumor progression in diverse cancers.Recent studies have illustrated that specific miRNAs exhibit novel therapeutic potential by controlling CSC properties.miR-1275 is upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and enhances its stemness.However, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated.Methods: miRNA expression microarray of LUAD and adjacent nontumor tissues was used to identify miRNAs involved in LUAD malignant progression.miR-1275 expression level was determined using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH), and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed in LUAD specimens.The upstream regulator of miR-1275 was validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP).The biological functions and underlying mechanisms of miR-1275 were investigated both in vitro and in vivo.Results: MiR-1275 was highly upregulated in lung cancer cell lines and LUAD tissues.Overexpression of miR-1275 in lung cancer patients was associated with shorter overall-and recurrence-free-survival.Proto-oncogene HIF-1ɑ was identified as the transcription mediator of miR-1275.Activation of Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling by miR-1275 was found to enhance the stemness of LUAD cells, while antagonizing miR-1275 or suppressing Wnt/β-catenin and Notch pathways potently reversed miR-1275-induced pathway co-activation and stemness.Enhanced stemness dramatically promoted tumorigenicity, recurrence, and metastasis.miR-1275 directly targeted multiple antagonists of Wnt/β-catenin and Notch pathways, including DKK3, SFRP1, GSK3β, RUNX3, and NUMB, respectively, which resulted in signaling activation.Conclusions: Our findings identified miR-1275 as a potential oncogene in LUAD that exerts its tumorigenic effect through co-activating Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling pathways.Thus, HIF-1ɑ-regulated miR-1275 might be a potential therapeutic target for LUAD.
Optimizing Mutation and Fusion Detection in NSCLC by Sequential DNA and RNA Sequencing
Authors: Danielle Cohen, Liesbeth M. Hondelink, Nienke Solleveld-Westerink, Sandra M. Uljee, Dina Ruano, Anne-Marie Cleton-Jansen, Jan H. von der Thüsen, S. Rajen S. Ramai, Pieter E. Postmus, Jacob F. Graadt van Roggen, Bart P.C. Hoppe, Pieter C. Clahsen, Klaartje W. Maas, Els J.M. Ahsmann, Alexandra ten Heuvel, Frank Smedts, Ronald N. van Rossem, Tom van Wezel
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020)

IntroductionFrequently, patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC are screened for mutations and fusions. In most laboratories, molecular workup includes a multitude of tests: immunohistochemistry (ALK, ROS1, and programmed death-ligand 1 testing), DNA sequencing, in situ hybridization for fusion, and amplification detection. With the fast-emerging new drugs targeting specific fusions and exon-skipping events, this procedure harbors a growing risk of tissue exhaustion.MethodsIn this study, we evaluated the benefit of anchored, multiplexed, polymerase chain reaction-based targeted RNA sequencing (RNA next-generation sequencing [NGS]) in the identification of gene fusions and exon-skipping events in patients, in which no pathogenic driver mutation was found by DNA-based targeted cancer hotspot NGS (DNA NGS). We analyzed a cohort of stage IV NSCLC cases from both in-house and referral hospitals, consisting 38.5% cytology samples and 61.5% microdissected histology samples, mostly core needle biopsies. We compared molecular findings in a parallel workup (DNA NGS and RNA NGS, cohort 1, n = 198) with a sequential workup (DNA NGS followed by RNA NGS in selected cases, cohort 2, n = 192). We hypothesized the sequential workup to be the more efficient procedure.ResultsIn both cohorts, a maximum of one oncogenic driver mutation was found per case. This is in concordance with large, whole-genome databases and suggests that it is safe to omit RNA NGS when a clear oncogenic driver is identified in DNA NGS. In addition, this reduced the number of necessary RNA NGS to only 53% of all cases. The tumors of never smokers, however, were enriched for fusions and exon-skipping events (32% versus 4% in former and current smokers, p = 0.00), and therefore benefited more often from the shorter median turnaround time of the parallel approach (15 d versus only 9 d in the parallel workup).ConclusionsWe conclude that sequentially combining DNA NGS and RNA NGS is the most efficient strategy for mutation and fusion detection in smoking-associated NSCLC, whereas for never smokers we recommend a parallel approach. This approach was shown to be feasible on small tissue samples including for cytology tests, can drastically reduce the complexity and cost of molecular workup, and also provides flexibility in the constantly evolving landscape of actionable targets in NSCLC.
Evaluation of X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy Newborn Screening in North Carolina
Authors: Stacey Lee, Kristin Clinard, Sarah P. Young, Catherine W. Rehder, Zheng Fan, Ali S. Calikoglu, Deeksha S. Bali, Donald B. Bailey, Lisa M. Gehtland, David S. Millington, Hari S. Patel, Sara E. Beckloff, Scott J. Zimmerman, Cynthia M. Powell, Jennifer L. Taylor
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a peroxisomal genetic disorder in which an accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids leads to inflammatory demyelination in the central nervous system and to adrenal cortex atrophy. In 2016, X-ALD was added to the US Recommended Uniform Screening Panel. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the performance of a single-tier newborn screening assay for X-ALD in North Carolina. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This diagnostic screening study was of all newborn dried blood spot specimens received in the North Carolina State Laboratory of Public Health between January 2 and June 1, 2018, excluding specimens of insufficient quantity or quality. A total of 52 301 specimens were screened for X-ALD using negative ionization high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to measure C24:0- and C26:0-lysophosphatidylcholine concentrations. Sanger sequencing of the adenosine triphosphate–binding cassette subfamily D member 1 (<i>ABCD1</i>) gene was performed on screen-positive specimens. <h3>Exposures</h3> A medical and family history, newborn physical examination, sequencing of<i>ABCD1</i>on dried blood spot samples, and plasma analysis of very long-chain fatty acids were obtained for all infants with screen-positive results. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The prevalence of X-ALD in North Carolina and the positive predictive value and false-positive rate for the first-tier assay were determined. <h3>Results</h3> Of 52 301 infants tested (47.8% female, 50.6% male, and 1.7% other or unknown sex), 12 received screen-positive results. Of these 12 infants, 8 were confirmed with a genetic disorder: 3 male infants with X-ALD, 3 X-ALD–heterozygous female infants, 1 female infant with a peroxisome biogenesis disorder, and 1 female infant with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome. Four infants were initially classified as having false-positives results, including 3 female infants who were deemed unaffected and 1 male infant with indeterminate results on confirmatory testing. The positive predictive value for X-ALD or other genetic disorders for the first-tier assay was 67%, with a false-positive rate of 0.0057%. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This newborn screening pilot study reported results on 2 lysophosphatidylcholine analytes, identifying 3 male infants with X-ALD, 3 X-ALD–heterozygous female infants, and 3 infants with other disorders associated with increased very long-chain fatty acids. These results showed successful implementation in a public health program with minimal risk to the population. The findings will support other state laboratories planning to implement newborn screening for X-ALD and related disorders.
Coronavirus shows how UK must act quickly before being shut out of Europe’s health protection systems
Authors: Mark Flear, Anniek de Ruijter, Martin McKee
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The threat posed by 2019-nCoV and the fragmentation of existing health protection systems caused by Brexit call for urgent assessment of cross Europe cooperation, say <b>Mark Flear</b>, <b>Anniek de Ruijter</b>, and <b>Martin McKee</b>
Responses to addiction help-seeking from Alexa, Siri, Google Assistant, Cortana, and Bixby intelligent virtual assistants
Authors: Alicia L. Nobles, Eric C. Leas, Theodore L. Caputi, Shu-Hong Zhu, Steffanie A. Strathdee, John W. Ayers
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2020)

We investigated how intelligent virtual assistants (IVA), including Amazon's Alexa, Apple's Siri, Google Assistant, Microsoft's Cortana, and Samsung's Bixby, responded to addiction help-seeking queries. We recorded if IVAs provided a singular response and if so, did they link users to treatment or treatment referral services. Only 4 of the 70 help-seeking queries presented to the five IVAs returned singular responses, with the remainder prompting confusion (e.g., "did I say something wrong?"). When asked "help me quit drugs" Alexa responded with a definition for the word drugs. "Help me quit…smoking" or "tobacco" on Google Assistant returned Dr. QuitNow (a cessation app), while on Siri "help me quit pot" promoted a marijuana retailer. IVAs should be revised to promote free, remote, federally sponsored addiction services, such as SAMSHA's 1-800-662-HELP helpline. This would benefit millions of IVA users now and more to come as IVAs displace existing information-seeking engines.
40P Development of Circulating Tumor Cell-Endocrine Therapy Index (CTC-ETI) in Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: C. Paoletti, M.C. Connelly, D.A. Chianese, M.E. Brown, M.C. Muñiz, N. Tokudome, J.M. Rae, D.G. Thomas, K.A. Griffith, D.F. Hayes
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Abstract 15212: Comparative Effect of Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy on 10-Year and Lifetime Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk
Authors: Viraj Raygor, Luis Garcia, John Morton, David Maron
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Bariatric surgery reduces atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. However, the comparative effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on 10-yea...
HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Costs in the United States, 2012-2018
Authors: Nicole C. McCann, Tim H. Horn, Emily P. Hyle, Rochelle P. Walensky
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

This study characterizes the costs of recommended initial HIV antiretroviral therapy regimens in the United States from 2012 to 2018 and the magnitude of cost changes over time.
Pittsburgh B Compound Positron Emission Tomography in Patients With AL Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Seung-Pyo Lee, Hoon-Young Suh, Sohyun Park, Sera Oh, Soon-Gu Kwak, Hyue-Mee Kim, Youngil Koh, Jun-Bean Park, Hyung-Kwan Kim, Hyun-Jai Cho, Yong-Jin Kim, Inho Kim, Sung-Soo Yoon, Jeong-Wook Seo, Jin-Chul Paeng, Dae-Won Sohn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Tumor Spread Through Air Spaces Is a Predictor of Occult Lymph Node Metastasis in Clinical Stage IA Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Raj G. Vaghjiani, Yusuke Takahashi, Takashi Eguchi, Shaohua Lu, Koji Kameda, Zachary Tano, Jordan Dozier, Kay See Tan, David R. Jones, William D. Travis, Prasad S. Adusumilli
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020)