tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> carriage in low-income countries: antimicrobial resistance, genomic diversity and risk factors
Authors: Bich-Tram Huynh, Virginie Passet, Andriniaina Rakotondrasoa, Thierno Diallo, Alexandra Kerleguer, Melanie Hennart, Agathe De Lauzanne, Perlinot Herindrainy, Abdoulaye Seck, Raymond Bercion, Laurence Borand, Maria Pardos de la Gandara, Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau, Didier Guillemot, Muriel Vray, Benoit Garin, Jean-Marc Collard, Carla Rodrigues, Sylvain Brisse
Journal: Gut Microbes (2020)

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae (hereafter, Kp) is a major public health threat responsible for high levels of multidrug resistant (MDR) human infections. Besides, Kp also causes severe infections in the community, especially in Asia and Africa. Although most Kp infections are caused by endogenous intestinal carriage, little is known about the prevalence and microbiological characteristics of Kp in asymptomatic human carriage, and attached risk factors including environmental sources exposure.Methods: Here, 911 pregnant women from communities in Madagascar, Cambodia, and Senegal were screened for gut colonization by Kp. Characteristics of Kp strains (antimicrobial susceptibility, genomic diversity, virulence, and resistance genes) were defined, and associated risk factors were investigated.Results: Kp carriage rate was 55.9%, and Kp populations were highly heterogeneous (6 phylogroups, 325 sequence types, Simpson index 99.6%). One third of Kp isolates had acquired antimicrobial resistance genes. MDR-Kp (11.7% to 39.7%) and extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Kp (0.7% to 14.7%) varied among countries. Isolates with virulence genes were detected (14.5%). Environmental exposure factors including food, animal contacts, or hospitalization of household members were associated with carriage of Kp, antimicrobial resistance and hypervirulence. However, risk factors were country-specific and Kp subpopulation-specific.Conclusion: This large-scale multicenter study uncovers the huge diversity of Kp in human gut carriage, demonstrates that antimicrobial resistance is widespread in communities of three low-income countries, and underlines the challenges posed by Kp colonization to the control of antimicrobial resistance.
MASSIVE GASTRIC BLEEDING IN A BYPASSED ANATOMY: A CHALLENGING DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC SCENARIO
Authors: C Mendoza, OV Hernandez, G Blanco, R Palos, E Murcio, OM Solorzano
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

We present the case of a 29 year male who had a mini-gastric bypass (one anastomosis gastric bypass) 3 years ago.
Factors associated with hepatitis C virus RNA levels in early acute and early chronic infection: the InC3 study
Authors: B Hajarizadeh, B P Grady, K Page, A Y Kim, B H McGovern, A Cox, T M Rice, R Sacks-Davis, J Bruneau, Morris, J Amin, J Schinkel, T L Applegate, L Maher, M Hellard, A R Lloyd, M Prins, R Geskus, G J Dore, J Grebely
Journal: Hepatology (2014)
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: A H DeCherney, B Koos
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Identification of Dengue Virus Serotype 3 Specific Antigenic Sites Targeted by Neutralizing Human Antibodies
Authors: Ellen Young, Robert H. Carnahan, Daniela V. Andrade, Nurgun Kose, Rachel S. Nargi, Ethan J. Fritch, Jennifer E. Munt, Michael P. Doyle, Laura White, Thomas J. Baric, Mark Stoops, Aravinda DeSilva, Longping V. Tse, David R. Martinez, Deanna Zhu, Stefan Metz, Marcus P. Wong, Diego A. Espinosa, Magelda Montoya, Scott B. Biering, Soila Sukulpolvi-Petty, Guillermina Kuan, Angel Balmaseda, Michael S. Diamond, Eva Harris, James E. Crowe, Ralph S. Baric
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2020)
Effect of a Preoperative Intervention on Preoperative and Postoperative Outcomes in Low-Risk Patients Awaiting Elective Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Heather M. Arthur, Charlotte Daniels, Robert McKelvie, Jack Hirsh, Bonnie Rush
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

The waiting period for elective procedures, such as coronary artery bypass grafting, may be used to enhance in-hospital and early-phase recovery, improving patients' functional abilities and qualit...
ELLA BIODEGRADABLE STENTS AS TREATMENT OPTION FOR POST-SURGICAL STRICTURE, DEHISCENCE AND FISTULA OF THE LOWER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT: A SINGLE CENTER CASE SERIES
Authors: S Russo, A Caruso, S Mangiafico, G Grande, S Cocca, F Pigò, H Bertani, R Conigliaro
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Benign anastomotic strictures, dehiscences and fistulas secondary to lower gastrointestinal surgery are a growing problem that can be managed surgically or conservatively. Biodegradable (BD) stents offer a prolonged dilatory effect before gradual degradation, obviates the need of a second procedure for stent removal and promote tissue granulation. We described a series of patients with different post-surgical complications involving the lower gastrointestinal tract (LGIT) managed with BD stents.
Clinical testing for COVID-19
Authors: Stephanie Ward, Andrew Lindsley, Josh Courter, Amal Assa’ad
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)

As the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 caused coronavirus disease 2019 cases in the United States, the initial test was developed and performed at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. As the number of cases increased, the demand for tests multiplied, leading the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to use the Emergency Utilization Authorization to allow clinical and commercial laboratories to develop tests to detect the presence of the virus. Many nucleic acid tests based on RT-PCR were developed, each with different techniques, specifications, and turnaround time. As the illnesses turned into a pandemic, testing became more crucial. The test supply became inadequate to meet the need and so it had to be prioritized according to guidance. For surveillance, the need for serologic tests emerged. Here, we review the timeline of test development, the turnaround times, and the various approved tests, and compare them as regards the genes they detect. We concentrate on the point-of-care tests and discuss the basis for new serologic tests. We discuss the testing guidance for prioritization and their application in a hospital setting.
Sodium and Water Excretion Abnormalities in Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Bertrand Mettauer, Jean-Lucien Rouleau, Daniel Bichet, Carl Juneau, Claude Kortas, Jean-Noel Barjon, Jacques de Champlain
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Abstract The renal hemodynamic and neurohumoral determinants of sodium and water excretion abnormalities were studied in 66 patients with severe chronic congestive heart failure. Abnormalities were...
EDUCATIONAL TELEPHONE INTERVENTION NEAR THE COLONOSCOPY AS A SALVAGE STRATEGY AFTER A BOWEL PREPARATION FAILURE. A MULTICENTRE RANDOMIZED TRIAL
Authors: MA Alvarez-Gonzalez, MAP Sanchez, BB Cabredo, A García-Rodriguez, SF Larramona, ON Rincón, PD Redondo, I Puig del Castillo, C Romero Mascarell, IR Sánchez-Miguel, N Caballero, I Ibañez, D Hernández Negrín, GB Sadornil, AP Oltra, R Pérez Berbegal, GC Urquiza, AS Urgorri, JA Martínez, AZ Gimeno-García
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims The most important predictor of unsuccessful bowel preparation (BP) is a previous failure. There are no standardized recommendations to prepare those patients.
Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Quality Improvement Strategy to Improve Achievement of Diabetes Care Goals
Authors: Mohammed K. Ali, Kavita Singh, Dimple Kondal, Raji Devarajan, Shivani A. Patel, Roopa Shivashankar, Vamadevan S. Ajay, A.G. Unnikrishnan, V. Usha Menon, Premlata K. Varthakavi, Vijay Viswanathan, Mala Dharmalingam, Ganapati Bantwal, Rakesh Kumar Sahay, Muhammad Qamar Masood, Rajesh Khadgawat, Ankush Desai, Bipin Sethi, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, K.M. Venkat Narayan, Nikhil Tandon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Despite improvements in risk factors and reductions in diabetes complications in the United States, large gaps exist in achievement of these goals globally, particularly in low- and middle-income c...
ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND-GUIDED BILIARY DRAINAGE FOLLOWING FAILED ERCP: EXPERIENCE FROM A UK TERTIARY REFERRAL CENTRE 2016-2019
Authors: F Rana, M Ishtiaq, S Everett, B Paranandi, M Huggett
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is associated with significant morbidity and prolonged hospital stay [1,2]. Endosonography-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) is an alternative to PTBD when endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERCP) has failed. The aims of this study were to review the technical success and adverse events with EUS-BD procedures performed at a tertiary care referral centre.
DISTAL BILIARY STENT MIGRATION IN PATIENTS WITH IRRETRIEVABLE COMMON BILE DUCT STONES: A RETROSPECTIVE COMPARISON BETWEEN STRAIGHT AND DOUBLE-PIGTAIL STENTS
Authors: A Mpitouli, M Velegraki, V Papastergiou, P Nikolaou, M Fragaki, E Voudoukis, A Theodoropoulou, G Chlouverakis, E Vardas, K Paraskeva, G Paspatis
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Migration of biliary stents is a well-documented problem. Different types of plastic stents (straight or double-pigtail) are used for biliary drainage in patients with irretrievable common bile duct stones (ICBDS). Due to their physical characteristics, double-pigtail stents are expected to migrate less frequently; however, comparisons remain scarce. We aimed to compare the distal migration rate between patients who received either straight or double-pigtail stents in the biliary drainage of ICBDS.
COVID-19 in People With Diabetes: Urgently Needed Lessons From Early Reports
Authors: Matthew C. Riddle, John B. Buse, Paul W. Franks, William C. Knowler, Robert E. Ratner, Elizabeth Selvin, Deborah J. Wexler, Steven E. Kahn
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

Epidemic infections have frightened and harmed people for millennia.Plague (1) and typhus (2), bacterial infections associated with poor sanitation and high mortality, have devastated populations.Both still reappear intermittently, but they are generally contained with better sanitation and control of rodent and insect vectors along with antibiotics.In contrast, viral epidemics persist.A unique strain of influenza caused a global epidemic (pandemic) in 1918 resulting in millions of deaths (3).Among recent outbreaks of viral infections, several have been caused by coronaviruses (4).One of these, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is now causing a pandemic illness termed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that poses unique challenges.This novel coronavirus is readily transmitted from person-to-person, even by those who are infected but without symptoms.In susceptible people it causes severe illness and often death from pulmonary and systemic injuries.At present, we have neither a preventive vaccine nor well-studied pharmacotherapy, although work to develop these is vigorously underway.
WILL RANDOM 100 PROCEDURES BE ENOUGH TO ESTIMATE THE COLONOSCOPY QUALITY METRICS OF A FULL COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING SETTING?
Authors: F Taveira, M Areia, M João, L Elvas, S Alves, D Brito, S Saraiva, AT Cadime
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Recent guidelines suggest the possibility of evaluation of 100 procedures to estimate colonoscopy quality metrics in a cohort instead of a complete evaluation of the all cohort. We intend to compare both approaches in a colorectal cancer screening cohort.
HIV-Resistant and HIV-Specific CAR-Modified CD4+ T Cells Mitigate HIV Disease Progression and Confer CD4+ T Cell Help In Vivo
Authors: Colby R. Maldini, Kevin Gayout, Rachel S. Leibman, Derrick L. Dopkin, Joshua P. Mills, Xiaochuan Shan, Joshua A. Glover, James L. Riley
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2020)

HIV infection preferentially depletes HIV-specific CD4+ T cells, thereby impairing antiviral immunity. In this study, we explored the therapeutic utility of adoptively transferred CD4+ T cells expressing an HIV-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR4) to restore CD4+ T cell function to the global HIV-specific immune response. We demonstrated that CAR4 T cells directly suppressed in vitro HIV replication and eliminated virus-infected cells. Notably, CAR4 T cells containing intracellular domains (ICDs) derived from the CD28 receptor family (ICOS and CD28) exhibited superior effector functions compared to the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family ICDs (CD27, OX40, and 4-1BB). However, despite demonstrating limited in vitro efficacy, only HIV-resistant CAR4 T cells expressing the 4-1BBζ ICD exhibited profound expansion, concomitant with reduced rebound viremia after antiretroviral therapy (ART) cessation and protection of CD4+ T cells (CAR−) from HIV-induced depletion in humanized mice. Moreover, CAR4 T cells enhanced the in vivo persistence and efficacy of HIV-specific CAR-modified CD8+ T cells expressing the CD28ζ ICD, which alone exhibited poor survival. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that HIV-resistant CAR4 T cells can directly control HIV replication and augment the virus-specific CD8+ T cell response, highlighting the therapeutic potential of engineered CD4+ T cells to engender a functional HIV cure. HIV infection preferentially depletes HIV-specific CD4+ T cells, thereby impairing antiviral immunity. In this study, we explored the therapeutic utility of adoptively transferred CD4+ T cells expressing an HIV-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR4) to restore CD4+ T cell function to the global HIV-specific immune response. We demonstrated that CAR4 T cells directly suppressed in vitro HIV replication and eliminated virus-infected cells. Notably, CAR4 T cells containing intracellular domains (ICDs) derived from the CD28 receptor family (ICOS and CD28) exhibited superior effector functions compared to the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family ICDs (CD27, OX40, and 4-1BB). However, despite demonstrating limited in vitro efficacy, only HIV-resistant CAR4 T cells expressing the 4-1BBζ ICD exhibited profound expansion, concomitant with reduced rebound viremia after antiretroviral therapy (ART) cessation and protection of CD4+ T cells (CAR−) from HIV-induced depletion in humanized mice. Moreover, CAR4 T cells enhanced the in vivo persistence and efficacy of HIV-specific CAR-modified CD8+ T cells expressing the CD28ζ ICD, which alone exhibited poor survival. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that HIV-resistant CAR4 T cells can directly control HIV replication and augment the virus-specific CD8+ T cell response, highlighting the therapeutic potential of engineered CD4+ T cells to engender a functional HIV cure.
Congenital Aortic Stenosis
Authors: F. R. Edwards, R. S. Jones
Journal: Thorax (1962)

<b>Introduction:</b> Physical inactivity is a characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A better understanding of physical activity in non-severe COPD could encourage the development of targeted interventions to halt disease progression. <b>Aim:</b> Characteristics were explored which were related with physical activity in COPD Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage 0-2. <b>Methods:</b> This were cross-sectional analyses of baseline data of patients selected from the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity study with physician diagnosed (N=77) and newly diagnosed (N=246) COPD GOLD 0-2. Physical activity was reported on the Short Questionnaire to Assess Health-Enhancing Physical Activity questionnaire and expressed in hours per week of metabolic equivalents (MET-h/week). Associations between characteristics and physical activity were examined with regression analysis, adjusted for age and gender. <b>Results:</b> Median [IQR] reported physical activity was 31 [15-46] MET-h/week. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (0.40, 95%CI 0.09,0.71 MET-h/week per percent predicted FEV1) and the use of long-acting muscarinic antagonists (-17.8, 95%CI -25.8,-9.77 MET-h/week compared with no use) were associated with physical activity. <b>Conclusion:</b> Pulmonary function was positively associated, and medication use was negatively associated with physical activity. Most likely, patients with pulmonary medication have more airflow limitation and more severe symptoms that result in less physical activity. Prospective intervention studies are needed to study whether early interventions to preserve pulmonary function result in more physical activity in non-severe COPD.
EVALUATION OF ADENOMA- AND POLYP-DETECTION-RATES IN COLONOSCOPY OF INPATIENTS AND OUTPATIENT
Authors: M Hollenbach, P Haase, J Feisthammel, A Hoffmeister
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Colonoscopy is the examination of choice for colorectal-cancer-screening and diagnostics of lower gastrointestinal tract. Beside of withdrawal time, cecal intubation and high resolution endoscopy, the adenoma-detection-rate (ADR) and polyp-dection-rate (PDR) demonstrate important quality metrics in colonoscopy. However, ADR and PDR only were evaluated in outpatients and colorectal cancer screening. The significance of ADR and PDR for inpatients has not been evaluated so far.
Erratum: Predominant role of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (Hif)-1α versus Hif-2α in regulation of the transcriptional response to hypoxia (Cancer Research (October 1, 2003)(6130-6134))
Authors: H M Sowter, R R Raval, J W Moore, P J Ratcliffe, A L Harris
Journal: Cancer Research (2003)
Ankle Robots Could Make Running Easier, Encourage Exercise
Authors: Jennifer Abbasi
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IS ENDOSCOPIST DIRECTED SEDATION FOR ERCP WITH BALANCED PROPOFOL SOLUTION (BPS) PRACTICAL AND SAFE? A PROSPECTIVE STUDY FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN INDIA
Authors: AH Raina
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Endoscopist directed nurse administered sedation using propofol, midazolam and fentanyl for ERCP is being utilized worldwide. However, this is not usually employed in India by the endoscopists. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy, acceptability and safety of this sedation in low to moderate risk patients undergoing ERCP.
EUS-GUIDED GALLBLADDER DRAINAGE AS A RESCUE TECHNIQUE AFTER FAILED ERCP
Authors: L Medina-Prado, S Baile-Maxía, M Bozhychko, C Mangas-Sanjuán, JM Sempere, B Martínez, L Compañy, F Ruiz, JA Casellas, JR Aparicio
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Papilla cannulation is not always achieved during ERCP procedure. When this happens EUS-guided Access is the choice. However, sometimes this is not posible and in these cases gallbladder drainage may be an alternative.
The Uk Bileve Study: The First Genetic Study In Uk Biobank Identifies Novel Regions Associated With Airway Obstruction And Smoking Behaviour
Authors: S Miller, L Wain, N Shrine, I Ntalla, J Cook, I Sayers, A Morris, E Zeggini, J Marchini, P Deloukas, A Hansell, R Hubbard, I Pavord, N C Thomson, D Strachan, Tobin, I Hall
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)
BIOLOGICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND SUBJECTIVE BIOMARKERS IN COPD SUBJECTS AT STABLE STATE AND EXACERBATION: AN OBSERVATION
Authors: M Bafadhel, S Terry, S McKenna, V Mistry, C Reid, M McCormick, P Rugman, P Dodson, M Saunders, I D Pavord, C E Brightling
Journal: Thorax (2009)