tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The role of perioperative systemic therapy in localized pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor.
Authors: Hao Xie, Siddhartha Yadav, Xavier Keutgen, Timothy J. Hobday, Jonathan R. Strosberg, Thorvardur Ragnar Halfdanarson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

322 Background: The role of perioperative systemic therapy (PST) is unclear in the management of localized pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET). We aim to evaluate the benefit of PST compared to surgical resection alone in localized pNET. Methods: We identified patients with stage I–III pNET who underwent curative-intent surgical resection in National Cancer Database from 2006 to 2014. Patients who underwent PST and surgical resection were matched with patients who received surgery alone by propensity score at 1:1 ratio with nearest neighbor method. Factors predicting the use of PST were identified from logistic regression. Survival was estimated with Kaplan-Meier method and compared with Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: 4919 patients were included in this study with median age of 60 years. 1397 (28%) patients had pNET at the head of pancreas. 2708 (55%) patients had pNET at pancreas body and tail. 334 (6.8%) patients received PST. Factors associated with significant more use of PST compared to surgery alone were age &lt; 65 years, low income, community medical facilities, grade 3/4 tumor, tumor at the head of pancreas, T3-4 tumor and N1 tumor. 310 patients in PST group were matched with 310 patients in surgery alone group, with no significant difference for all covariates after match. For those in PST group, 64 (21%) patients received neoadjuvant systemic therapy, 173 (56%) patients received adjuvant systemic therapy, 7 (2.3%) patients received both, and 66 (21%) patients received PST without clear sequence. In the matched cohort, PST group had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) compared to surgery alone group (median OS 91.1 months versus not reached, p = 0.04). This finding was confirmed by multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression in unmatched cohort with HR 1.5 (95% CI 1.2 – 1.9, p = 0.002). Subgroup analysis in patients with grade 3/4 tumor demonstrated PST group has a trend of shorter OS compared to surgery alone group (median OS 34.1 versus 54.4 months, p = 0.1). Conclusions: PST compared to surgery alone is associated with worse OS in patients with localized pNET. This finding suggests that we may use PST in localized pNET with caution in the absence of solid clinical trial data.
Methylation Biomarker Panel Performance in EsophaCap Cytology Samples for Diagnosing Barrett's Esophagus: A Prospective Validation Study
Authors: Zhixiong Wang, Swetha Kambhampati, Yulan Cheng, Ke Ma, Cem Simsek, Alan H. Tieu, John M. Abraham, Xi Liu, Vishnu Prasath, Mark Duncan, Alejandro Stark, Alexander Trick, Hua-Ling Tsai, Hao Wang, Yulong He, Mouen A. Khashab, Saowanee Ngamruengphong, Eun J. Shin, Tza-Huei Wang, Stephen J. Meltzer
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Purpose: Barrett's esophagus is the only known precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Although endoscopy and biopsy are standard methods for Barrett's esophagus diagnosis, their high cost and risk limit their use as a screening modality. Here, we sought to develop a Barrett's esophagus detection method based on methylation status in cytology samples captured by EsophaCap using a streamlined sensitive technique, methylation on beads (MOB). Experimental Design: We conducted a prospective cohort study on 80 patients (52 in the training set; 28 in the test set). We used MOB to extract and bisulfite-convert DNA, followed by quantitative methylation-specific PCR to assess methylation levels of 8 previously selected candidate markers. Lasso regression was applied to establish a prediction model in the training set, which was then tested on the independent test set. Results: In the training set, five of eight candidate methylation biomarkers (p16, HPP1, NELL1, TAC1, and AKAP12) were significantly higher in Barrett's esophagus patients than in controls. We built a four-biomarker-plus-age lasso regression model for Barrett's esophagus diagnosis. The AUC was 0.894, with sensitivity 94.4% [95% confidence interval (CI), 71%–99%] and specificity 62.2% (95% CI, 44.6%–77.3%) in the training set. This model also performed with high accuracy for Barrett's esophagus diagnosis in an independent test set: AUC = 0.929 (P &amp;lt; 0.001; 95% CI, 0.810%–1%), with sensitivity=78.6% (95% CI, 48.8%–94.3%) and specificity = 92.8% (95% CI, 64.1%–99.6%). Conclusions: EsophaCap, in combination with an epigenetic biomarker panel and the MOB method, is a promising, well-tolerated, low-cost esophageal sampling strategy for Barrett's esophagus diagnosis. This approach merits further prospective studies in larger populations.
Abstract P019: Low Ovarian Reserve is Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk
Authors: Yvonne T van der Schouw, Annelien C de Kat, W. M Verschuren, Marinus J Eijkemans, Frank J Broekmans
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Age at menopause and the postmenopausal state are frequently linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is produced by ovarian antral follicles and its concentration in peripheral blood is a quantitative estimation of the size of the antral follicle pool, thereby providing a measure of ovarian reserve before the end of the reproductive lifespan. We and others have shown that AMH is related to age at menopause. Literature on whether AMH is related to CVD risk is still scarce and heterogeneous. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that a low ovarian reserve, measured by low levels of AMH, is associated with higher risk of CVD risk in premenopausal women. Methods: We used data from 2,338 premenopausal women who participated in the second follow-up round of the population-based Doetinchem Cohort Study. In a cross-sectional analysis, CVD risk was compared between women in different AMH level-based categories. AMH was measured in stored serum samples using a Gen-II ELISA assay (Beckman-Coulter, Sinsheim, Germany) in a single laboratory. CVD risk was assessed in three ways: levels of single cardiovascular risk factors (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total and HDL cholesterol, glucose), a metabolic risk factor score, and predicted 10- and 30-year risk using Framingham prediction rules. The association of AMH categories with CVD risk outcomes was studied using linear regression models, adjusted for age, age-squared, current estrogen use, current smoking, parity, menstrual cycle regularity, current pregnancy and BMI. Results: AMH was unmeasurable in 456, and measurable, but below the limit of quantification (0.16 μg/L) in 186 women. In the remaining 1,696 women AMH level could be quantified and the median [IQR] AMH was 1.34 [0.24-5.14] μg/L. After adjustment, women with quantifiable AMH had 0.11 mmol/l (95% CI -0.23; 0.01) lower total cholesterol level than women with unmeasurable and unquantifiable AMH levels. Women with quantifiable AMH had on average 0.11 (95% CI 0.01-0.21) fewer metabolic risk factors compared to women with unmeasurable AMH, adjusted for confounders. Women with quantifiable AMH also had a 5% (95% CI -0.01; 11.0) lower hazard of 10- and 30-year CVD occurrence compared to women with unmeasurable AMH. Conclusions: This study indicates that premenopausal women with very low ovarian reserve, expressed by unmeasurable serum AMH levels, may have an increased CVD risk. Longitudinal research with clinical endpoints and more sensitive AMH assays are necessary to confirm a relationship between AMH and CVD risk.
Dexamethasone Accelerates the Transition of Human BFU-E to CFU-E and Enhances CFU-E Proliferation through Cell Cycle Regulation
Authors: Ryan Ashley, Hongxia Yan, Brian Dulmovits, Nan Wang, Julien Papoin, Jeffrey M Lipton, Mohandas Narla, Anupama Narla, Lionel Blanc
Journal: Blood (2018)
Stem Cell Transplantation in Advanced Stage Sickle Cell Disease with Haploidentical T-Cell Depleted PBSC Yields Comparable Outcomes to Matched Sibling Donor Bone Marrow: Results of a Pilot Study
Authors: Juergen Foell, Johannes Schulte, Anja Troeger, Beatrix Pfirstinger, Daniel Wolff, Matthias Edinger, Ernst Holler, Petra Hoffmann, Charalampos Aslanidis, Wolfgang Herr, Angelika Eggert, Selim Corbacioglu
Journal: Blood (2018)
Wahoo Cool for School: Bridging the Clinic to the Classroom to Update Student-Specific Food Allergy Recommendations
Authors: Jesse B. Persily, Jennifer E. Goertz, Alice E.W. Hoyt, Thamiris V. Palacios-Kibler, Morgan Richey, Monica G. Lawrence, Megan Duggins
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Biomarkers of immunotherapy response in rectal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
Authors: Gurveen Kaur, Pritam Tayshetye, Prashant Mukesh Jani, Ashten N Omstead, Paul Renz, Candice Brem, Shaakir Hasan, Ariel Sandhu, Paul Joseph, Laila Babar, Ping Zheng, Ali Hussainy Zaidi, James McCormick, Alexander V. Kirichenko, Stacey Miller, Moses S. Raj, Jan F Silverman, Gene Grant Finley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

593 Background: Immunotherapy (IO) in combination with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in the neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma (RAC) is an area of active clinical research. There are no well-defined biomarkers in RAC predicting response to neoadjuvant therapy. Increase in tumor PD-L1 expression and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has been observed after neoadjuvant CRT which potentially enhances response to IO. We report herein expression of PD-L1 and CD8+ TIL and other biomarkers of immune activation including CXCL9, TIM3 (HAVCR2), IDO1, IFNG, IL17RE, LAG3 and OX40 (TNFRSF4) pre and post neoadjuvant CRT in RAC. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 38 RAC patients from 2007-2016 treated with neoadjuvant CRT using 5FU based therapy. Pre and post CRT tissue samples were stained with VENTANA PD-L1 (SP263) rabbit monoclonal antibody to quantify PD-L1 expression. CD8+ TIL were recorded over one high power field (hpf) (40x objective) in the area of densest infiltrate. Additional biomarkers CXCL9, TIM3 (HAVCR2), IDO1, IFNG, IL17RE, LAG3 and OX40 (TNFRSF4) were assayed with RT-PCR. Independent sample and paired sample t-tests were used for statistical analysis of difference in biomarker expression. Relevant clinical endpoints including local relapse, distant metastases and survival were collected. Results: Median age was 60 years (range 32–87). Median follow up was 16.7 months (range 2.6-120.1). Median duration from completion of CRT to resection was 73 days (range 44–315). PD-L1 expression increased from 10% to 23% in pre-CRT versus post-CRT patients. CD8+ TIL increased in 30/39 (83%) patients with an average increase from 66.48 to 129.20 CD8+ TIL/hpf in the pre-CRT versus post-CRT setting. Using RT-PCR, a statistically significant increase in the expression of CXCL9, IFNG and OX40 (TNFRSF4) was found pre-CRT versus post-CRT using paired samples t-test. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant CRT for RAC increased PD-L1 expression and CD8+ TIL along with an increased expression of CXCL9, IFNG and OX40 (TNFRSF4). These data suggest a novel role for IO in neoadjuvant treatment of rectal cancer. Clinical outcome data on these patients will be presented.
Assessment of Intraseasonal Variation in Hospitalization Associated With Heat Exposure in Brazil
Authors: Qi Zhao, Shanshan Li, Micheline S. Z. S. Coelho, Paulo H. N. Saldiva, Kejia Hu, Michael J. Abramson, Rachel R. Huxley, Yuming Guo
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> The onset of the hot season is known to be adversely associated with a range of health outcomes. However, little is known about whether the association is constant over the course of the hot season. <h3>Objective</h3> To quantify the change in the association between heat exposure and hospitalization from the early to late hot season in the Brazilian population. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This time-stratified case-crossover study used daily data on hospitalization and weather conditions during the 2000 to 2015 hot seasons in 1814 Brazilian cities. There were 49 145 997 admissions during the study period. Data analysis was conducted between May 12, 2018, and July 2, 2018. <h3>Exposures</h3> Increase in daily mean temperature. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Daily hospitalizations were recorded. Conditional quasi-Poisson regression with time-varying constrained distributed lag model was used to examine the city-specific association between heat and hospitalization in the early or late hot season. City-specific estimates were then pooled at the national level using random-effect meta-analysis. Stratified analyses were conducted by 5 regions, sex, 10 age groups, and 7 cause-specific categories. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 49 145 997 admissions (59% women), the median (interquartile range) age was 33.3 (19.8-55.7) years. At the national level, the risk of hospitalization increased by 4.6% (95% CI, 4.3%-4.9%) and 2.3% (95% CI, 1.9%-2.6%) for every 5°C increase in daily mean temperature in the early and late hot season, respectively. Exposure to early heat was associated with greater risk of hospitalization for residents in the northeast (6.4%; 95% CI, 5.5%-7.3%) and central west (7.1%; 95% CI, 6.1%-8.2%) compared with other regions. Children aged 0 to 9 years and elderly individuals (aged ≥80 years) were most susceptible. Admissions due to endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases were most strongly associated with heat exposure. There was an attenuation in the heat-associated risk of hospitalization from the early to late hot season for all subgroups except young children and patients with hospitalization caused by respiratory illness. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this study, the association between heat exposure and hospitalization attenuated temporally for most of the Brazilian population. Preventive strategies to mitigate the association of high temperature with population health should focus in particular on the first few days of heat exposure.
Targeting Alterations in the RAF–MEK Pathway
Authors: Rona Yaeger, Ryan B. Corcoran
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2019)

Abstract The MAPK pathway is one of the most commonly mutated oncogenic pathways in cancer. Although RAS mutations are the most frequent MAPK alterations, less frequent alterations in downstream components of the pathway, including the RAF and MEK genes, offer promising therapeutic opportunities. In addition to BRAFV600 mutations, for which several approved therapeutic regimens exist, other alterations in the RAF and MEK genes may provide more rare, but tractable, targets. However, recent studies have illustrated the complexity of MAPK signaling and highlighted that distinct alterations in these genes may have strikingly different properties. Understanding the unique functional characteristics of specific RAF and MEK alterations, reviewed herein, will be critical for developing effective therapeutic approaches for these targets. Significance: Alterations in the RAF and MEK genes represent promising therapeutic targets in multiple cancer types. However, given the unique and complex signaling biology of the MAPK pathway, the diverse array of RAF and MEK alterations observed in cancer can possess distinct functional characteristics. As outlined in this review, understanding the key functional properties of different RAF and MEK alterations is fundamental to selecting the optimal therapeutic approach.
Cybord-Dara Is a Highly Effective Upfront Treatment for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma. Initial Efficacy Results of the 16-Bcni-001/Ctrial-IE (ICORG) 16-02 Study
Authors: Robert Henderson, Mary R Cahill, Philip Murphy, Vitaliy Mykytiv, John Quinn, Jessica Walsh, Elizabeth Lenihan, Tara Kenny, Andres Hernando, Grace Hirakata, Imelda Parker, Emma Kinsella, Grainne Gannon, Alessandro Natoni, Michael E O'Dwyer
Journal: Blood (2018)
MiRNA-3653 Is a Potential Tissue Biomarker for Increased Metastatic Risk in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours
Authors: Preetjote Gill, Edward Kim, Terence C. Chua, Roderick J. Clifton-Bligh, Christopher B. Nahm, Anubhav Mittal, Anthony J. Gill, Jaswinder S. Samra
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2019)
<i>Bacteroides ovatus</i> ATCC 8483 monotherapy is superior to traditional fecal transplant and multi-strain bacteriotherapy in a murine colitis model
Authors: Faith D. Ihekweazu, Tatiana Y. Fofanova, Karen Queliza, Dorottya Nagy-Szakal, Christopher J. Stewart, Melinda A. Engevik, Kristina G. Hulten, Nina Tatevian, David Y. Graham, James Versalovic, Joseph F. Petrosino, Richard Kellermayer
Journal: Gut Microbes (2019)

Background and aims: Bacteriotherapy aimed at addressing dysbiosis may be therapeutic for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs). We sought to determine if defined Bacteroides-based bacteriotherapy could be an effective and consistent alternative to fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in a murine model of IBD. Methods: We induced experimental colitis in 8- 12-week-old C57BL/6 mice using 2-3% dextran sodium sulfate. Mice were simultaneously treated by oral gavage with a triple-Bacteroides cocktail, individual Bacteroides strains, FMT using stool from healthy donor mice, or their own stool as a control. Survival, weight loss and markers of inflammation (histology, serum amyloid A, cytokine production) were correlated to 16S rRNA gene profiling of fecal and mucosal microbiomes. Results: Triple-Bacteroides combination therapy was more protective against weight loss and mortality than traditional FMT therapy. B. ovatus ATCC8483 was more effective than any individual strain, or a combination of strains, in preventing weight loss, decreasing histological damage, dampening inflammatory response, and stimulating epithelial recovery. Irrespective of the treatment group, overall Bacteroides abundance associated with treatment success and decreased cytokine production while the presence of Akkermansia correlated with treatment failure. However, the therapeutic benefit associated with high Bacteroides abundance was negated in the presence of Streptococcus. Conclusions: Bacteroides ovatus monotherapy was more consistent and effective than traditional FMT at ameliorating colitis and stimulating epithelial recovery in a murine model of IBD. Given the tolerability of Bacteroides ovatus ATCC 8483 in an active, on-going human study, this therapy may be repurposed for the management of IBD in a clinically expedient timeline.
Purse-string suture and double percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomies for treating a postoperative duodenal fistula
Authors: Liansong Ye, Xianhui Zeng, Xianglei Yuan, Linjie Guo, Yuyan Zhang, Yan Li, Bing Hu
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

A 43-year-old woman was referred to our department owing to uncontained duodenal leak, drained from the retroperitoneal space (> 500 mL/24 h) ([Fig. 1]). Her medical history was significant for laparoscopic right nephrectomy owing to calculous pyonephrosis 7 days earlier. The patient refused surgery; thus, endoscopic intervention was performed ([Video 1]).
Blurry Vision and a Black Ink Tattoo
Authors: Kisha D. Piggott, P. Kumar Rao
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Author Correction: γδ T cells producing interleukin-17A regulate adipose regulatory T cell homeostasis and thermogenesis
Authors: Ayano C. Kohlgruber, Shani T. Gal-Oz, Nelson M. LaMarche, Moto Shimazaki, Danielle Duquette, Hui-Fern Koay, Hung N. Nguyen, Amir I. Mina, Tyler Paras, Ali Tavakkoli, Ulrich von Andrian, Adam P. Uldrich, Dale I. Godfrey, Alexander S. Banks, Tal Shay, Michael B. Brenner, Lydia Lynch
Journal: Nature Immunology (2019)
Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions in Children: Are there factors associated with severity?
Authors: Fabiana A. Nunes, Larissa S. Brandão, Patricia Guerzet Ayres Bastos, Patrícia Guerzet, Alex E. Lacerda, Cristina F.S.T. Piza, Fernanda Marcelino, Mara Felix, Gladys Queiroz, Daniela Raeder, Luiz Alexandre Rocha, Dirceu Sole, Inês Cristina Camelo-Nunes, Luis Felipe Ensina
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
The State of Asthma Research: Considerable Advances, but Still a Long Way to Go
Authors: Fernando D. Martinez
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2019)

Considerable Advances, but Still a Long Way to GoWe received many high-quality submissions for this Special Asthma edition of the Journal.The seven original manuscripts selected, to which we added concise clinical reviews in three global areas of clinical and translational interest, are a representative sample of the status of asthma research today.Our conclusion: there has been (some would say finally!) considerable progress in three major areas: deciphering the genetic roots of the disease, understanding the molecular basis of its heterogeneity, and using this new information to improve the lives of patients with the most severe forms of the disease.At the same time, major issues such as controlling exacerbations and attaining satisfactory adherence to inhaled therapy remain unresolved.
Adhering to Recommended Lifestyle Changes and Medications 9 Months to 3 Years after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: Self-Reported Adherence and the Practical, Psychological, and Social Correlates of Adherence
Authors: Christine Rini, Jane Austin, Lisa Wu, Heiddis Valdimarsdottir, Pashna N. Munshi, Andre Goy, Scott D. Rowley
Journal: Blood (2018)
Genotype-Response Correlation in DRIVE PK, a Phase 2 Study of AG-348 in Patients with Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency
Authors: Charles Kung, Penelope A. Kosinski, Heidi Mangus, Lei Hua, Gary Connor, Michelle Mobilia, Karen Sullivan, Sasha Frye, Marie-Hélène Jouvin, Rachael F. Grace, Bertil Glader, Chris Bowden
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract P6-17-34: Not presented
Authors: F Yang, Y Yin, Z Jiang
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Yang F, Yin Y, Jiang Z. Not presented [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-17-34.
Double Blind Randomized Control Trial of Postoperative Low Molecular Weight Heparin Bridging Therapy for Patients Who Are at High Risk for Arterial Thromboembolism (PERIOP 2)
Authors: Michael J. Kovacs, Marc Rodger, Philip S. Wells, Shannon M. Bates, Clive Kearon, Mark Blostein, Alejandro Lazo-Langner, Susan Kahn, Sam Schulman, Elham Sabri, Susan Solymoss, Timothy Ramsay, Luljeta Pallaveshi, David Anderson
Journal: Blood (2018)
CXCR4 Has a CXCL12-Independent Essential Role in MLL-AF9 Driven Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Ramprasad Ramakrishnan, Pablo Peña-Martínez, Puneet Agarwal, Carl Högberg, Marion Chapellier, Mansi Shah, Björn Nilsson, Benjamin L. Ebert, Ravi Bhatia, Marcus Järås
Journal: Blood (2018)