tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Serological immunochromatographic approach in diagnosis with SARS-CoV-2 infected COVID-19 patients
Authors: Yunbao Pan, Xinran Li, Gui Yang, Junli Fan, Yueting Tang, Jin Zhao, Xinghua Long, Shuang Guo, Ziwu Zhao, Yinjuan Liu, Hanning Hu, Han Xue, Yirong Li
Journal: Journal of Infection (2020)
Internalized transphobia and mental health among transgender adults: A nationwide cross-sectional survey in South Korea
Authors: Hyemin Lee, Kevin K. Tomita, Janice M. Habarth, Don Operario, Horim Yi, Sungsub Choo, Seung-Sup Kim
Journal: International Journal of Transgender Health (2020)

Introduction: Transgender people are stigmatized in South Korea (hereafter Korea), where cultural expectations of a biologically-based, binary sex and gender system present fundamental challenges to those whose gender identity does not align with their birth-assigned sex. A growing international body of literature implicates gender minority stress as a key contributor to transgender mental health disparities, but little research has been conducted on this topic in Korea. As in other cultural settings, depression and suicidality are urgent public health concerns for transgender people in Korea, primarily for those who have not initiated gender affirming medical treatment (GAMT), such as cross-sex hormone therapy. In the current study, an international and interdisciplinary team of authors apply the lens of gender minority stress to elucidate the relationships between a key facet of gender minority stress, internalized transphobia (ITP), and outcomes of depressive symptoms and suicidality.Methods: Based on a cross-sectional survey of 207 Korean transgender adults, the current study evaluates the relationships between ITP and depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. ITP was measured with an eight-item, Korean-language questionnaire adapted from the Gender Minority Stress and Resilience Measure through a translation and back-translation process.Results: Korean trans women and trans men mean (mean age = 26.4) were included in the analysis, most of whom had at least one experience of any GAMT. The findings of this study show that Korean transgender adults face similar public health concerns such as high prevalence of depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. As predicted, ITP was significantly related to depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts.Conclusion: The authors suggest potential clinical, policy, and research applications, including institutional interventions, to address structural and cultural barriers to optimal mental health and GAMT as well as mental health interventions to reduce Korean transgender people's internalized negative beliefs about their gender identity.
New‐generation, non‐SSRI antidepressants: Drug‐drug interactions and therapeutic drug monitoring. Part 2: NaSSAs, NRIs, SNDRIs, MASSAs, NDRIs, and others
Authors: Michele Protti, Roberto Mandrioli, Camilla Marasca, Andrea Cavalli, Alessandro Serretti, Laura Mercolini
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2020)

Abstract After the development of “classical” tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, numerous other classes of antidepressant drugs have been introduced onto the market. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor class is the best‐known one, but many others exist, usually identified by their mechanism of activity. In this second part of the review, focused on new‐generation antidepressants not included among selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, the following classes are considered: noradrenergic and selective serotonergic antidepressants; norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors; serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitors; melatonergic agonists and selective serotonergic antagonists; norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitors; and so forth. These different mechanisms underlie tolerability and safety profiles that can be very different among the classes, with each one providing significant advantages and disadvantages in comparison with others. The main characteristics of the following antidepressants are described: mianserin, mirtazapine, setiptiline, reboxetine, viloxazine, teniloxazine, atomoxetine, nefazodone, agomelatine, bupropion, esketamine, and tianeptine. The paper is focused on their metabolism and interactions, but also includes brief notes on analytical methods useful for their therapeutic drug monitoring.
Tumor microenvironment-responsive multifunctional peptide coated ultrasmall gold nanoparticles and their application in cancer radiotherapy
Authors: Yuan Ding, Zhongquan Sun, Zongrui Tong, Sitong Zhang, Jie Min, Qianhui Xu, Liuzhi Zhou, Zhengwei Mao, Haibing Xia, Weilin Wang
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Two important features are required for promising radiosensitizers: one is selective tumor cell targeting to enhance the therapeutic outcome via lethal DNA damage and the other is rapid clearance to enable excellent biocompatibility for potential clinical application. Herein, ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) with diameter smaller than 5 nm were prepared and covered with a multifunctional peptide to endow them with selective tumor cell uptake capability. Combined with X-ray irradiation, the responsive Au NPs demonstrated superior radio-sensitizing toxicity and rapid renal clearance in vivo. Methods: A responsive peptide (Tat-R-EK) consists of three build blocks were used: a cell and even nuclear penetrating block derived from human immunodeficiency virus-1 transactivator of transcription protein (Tat), an cathepsin B cleavable linker, and a zwitterionic antifouling block. Ultrasmall Au NPs were prepared and then covered by the peptide via the Au-S bonds between gold and thiol groups from cysteine. The morphology, colloidal stability and the responsiveness of obtained Au@Tat-R-EK NPs were studied using transmittance electron microscopy and dynamic laser scattering. The selective cancer cell uptake and accumulation of Au@Tat-R-EK NPs in cancer tissue were studied via ICP-MS in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The cytotoxicity of Au@Tat-R-EK NPs on HepG2 cancer cells was evaluated in terms of cell viability, DNA damage, intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, and apoptosis analysis. Finally, the biocompatibility and tumor destruction ability against orthotopic LM3 liver cancers were verified in vivo. Results: Multifunctional peptide modified ultrasmall Au NPs were successfully prepared. The Au NPs exhibited enough colloidal stability and cathepsin B-responsive surface change, leading to selectively uptake by cancer cells in vitro and accumulation to tumor sites in vivo. Combined with X-ray irradiation, the responsive Au NPs demonstrated superior radio-sensitizing cytotoxicity in vitro and therapeutic outcome on mouse liver cancer in vivo. The ultrasmall size enables rapid clearance of the Au NPs, guarantees the biocompatibility in vivo for potential clinical applications. Conclusion: Some obstacles faced by the Au NPs-based radiotherapy, such as short circulation half-life, non-specific distribution, slow clearance and low radio-sensitizing effect, were effective solved through rational design of the smart nanomedicine. This work provides new insight in designing tumor microenvironment-responsive nanomedicine in cancer radiotherapy.
Awareness, Attitudes, and Actions Related to COVID-19 Among Adults With Chronic Conditions at the Onset of the U.S. Outbreak
Authors: Michael S. Wolf, Marina Serper, Lauren Opsasnick, Rachel M. O'Conor, Laura Curtis, Julia Yoshino Benavente, Guisselle Wismer, Stephanie Batio, Morgan Eifler, Pauline Zheng, Andrea Russell, Marina Arvanitis, Daniela Ladner, Mary Kwasny, Stephen D. Persell, Theresa Rowe, Jeffrey A. Linder, Stacy C. Bailey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

The evolving outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is requiring social distancing and other measures to protect public health. However, messaging has been inconsistent and unclear.
Locoregional Therapy Plus Systemic Chemotherapy in Unresectable Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma—Reply
Authors: Andrea Cercek, William R. Jarnagin
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Fenebrutinib Versus Placebo or Adalimumab in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Phase <scp>II</scp> Trial
Authors: Stanley Cohen, Katie Tuckwell, Tamiko R. Katsumoto, Rui Zhao, Joshua Galanter, Chin Lee, Julie Rae, Balazs Toth, Nandhini Ramamoorthi, Jason A. Hackney, Alberto Berman, Nemanja Damjanov, Dmytro Fedkov, Slawomir Jeka, Leslie W. Chinn, Michael J. Townsend, Alyssa M. Morimoto, Mark C. Genovese
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2020)

To evaluate fenebrutinib, an oral and highly selective non-covalent inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Recombinant Staphylokinase Variants With Altered Immunoreactivity
Authors: De´sire´ Collen, Frans De Cock, Eddy Demarsin, Stephane Jenne´, Ignace Lasters, Yves Laroche, Petra Warmerdam, Laurent Jespers
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The “charged cluster–to-alanine” substitution variants SakSTAR(K35A,E38A,K74A,E75A,R77A) and SakSTAR(K74A,E75A,R77A,E80A,D82A), previously identified as SakSTAR.M38 and SakSTAR.M89, respectively, induce less antibody formation in patients than wild-type recombinant staphylokinase (SakSTAR), but their specific activities are reduced by 50%. Therefore, the effect of the reversal of one or more of these substituted amino acids on the ratio of activity to antigenicity was studied. Methods and Results Fourteen mutants with one to four “alanine-to–wild-type” reversals were expressed in Escherichia coli and highly purified (&gt;95%). In rabbits immunized with wild-type SakSTAR, the combined K35,E38,K74,E75,R77 or K74,E75,R77,E80,E82 epitope accounted for only 30% of antibody absorption from plasma, and no clear immunodominant residue could be identified. In baboons immunized with SakSTAR, the K35,E38 and K74,E75,R77 epitopes or the K74,E75,R77 and E80,D82 epitopes contributed equally to account for 50% of total antibody binding, but no immunodominant residues were apparent. In pooled plasma from patients with peripheral arterial occlusion treated with wild-type SakSTAR, about 40% of the antibodies depended on K74 of epitope K74,E75,R77 for binding, whereas epitopes K35,E38 and E80,D82 had a negligible contribution toward antibody recognition. Conclusions The recognition pattern by SakSTAR variants of antibodies induced with wild-type SakSTAR differs markedly among species. This implies that a systematic evaluation of reduced antigen recognition and antibody induction in humans will require the development of human or humanized systems. Surprisingly, SakSTAR(K 74 ), with a single substitution of Lys74 with Ala, had an intact specific activity but did not absorb 40% of the antibodies induced in patients by treatment with wild-type SakSTAR.
Diagnostic Performance of Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography in Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Mohammad Shadab Siddiqui, Michael O. Idowu, Katharine Stromberg, Adam Sima, Emily Lee, Samarth Patel, Sophia Ghaus, Carolyn Driscoll, Richard K. Sterling, Binu John, Chandra S. Bhati
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Reply to the comment
Authors: Ning Ding, Fang Hong Li, Bing Yao, Yun Ping Mu, Allan Z. Zhao
Journal: Gut (2020)

We appreciate the comment and discussion from Dr Cao1 and colleagues on our original article.2

We agree with Cao et al that gnotobiotic mice would help rule out the influence of indigenous microbiota. In this study, we carried out the transplantation experiment in a specific-pathogen-free (SPF) environment under the well-described cohousing3 condition. Thus, both the control and the experimental groups shared same gut ecosystem before transplantation (described in our original article). Second, in our original paper, we pretreated the mice with antibiotics to erase the pre-existing gut microbiota. Such procedure did not change the impact on spermatogenesis (Supplementary figure S6 in our original article). We avoided the extensive use of such procedure because it could potentially elicit obesity and insulin resistance, and thus, complicate …
Excess cases of influenza-like illnesses synchronous with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic, France, March 2020
Authors: Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Cécile Souty, Titouan Launay, Caroline Guerrisi, Clément Turbelin, Sylvie Behillil, Vincent Enouf, Chiara Poletto, Bruno Lina, Sylvie van der Werf, Daniel Lévy-Bruhl, Vittoria Colizza, Thomas Hanslik, Thierry Blanchon
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2020)

Several French regions where coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been reported currently show a renewed increase in ILI cases in the general practice-based Sentinelles network. We computed the number of excess cases by region from 24 February to 8 March 2020 and found a correlation with the number of reported COVID-19 cases so far. The data suggest larger circulation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the French population than apparent from confirmed cases.
French Sarcoma Group proposals for management of sarcoma patients during the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: N. Penel, S. Bonvalot, V. Minard, D. Orbach, F. Gouin, N. Corradini, M. Brahmi, P. Marec-Bérard, S. Briand, N. Gaspar, C. Llacer, S. Carrère, A. Dufresne, A. Le Cesne, J.Y. Blay
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Association Between Early Recovery of Kidney Function After Acute Kidney Injury and Long-term Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Pavan K. Bhatraju, Leila R. Zelnick, Vernon M. Chinchilli, Dennis G. Moledina, Steve G. Coca, Chirag R. Parikh, Amit X. Garg, Chi-yuan Hsu, Alan S. Go, Kathleen D. Liu, T. Alp Ikizler, Edward D. Siew, James S. Kaufman, Paul L. Kimmel, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Mark M. Wurfel
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> The severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) is usually determined based on the maximum serum creatinine concentration. However, the trajectory of kidney function recovery could be an additional important dimension of AKI severity. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess whether the trajectory of kidney function recovery within 72 hours after AKI is associated with long-term risk of clinical outcomes. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This prospective, multicenter cohort study enrolled 1538 adults with or without AKI 3 months after hospital discharge between December 1, 2009, and February 28, 2015. Statistical analyses were completed November 1, 2018. Participants with or without AKI were matched based on demographic characteristics, site, comorbidities, and prehospitalization estimated glomerular filtration rate. Participants with AKI were classified as having resolving or nonresolving AKI based on previously published definitions. Resolving AKI was defined as a decrease in serum creatinine concentration of 0.3 mg/dL or more or 25% or more from maximum in the first 72 hours after AKI diagnosis. Nonresolving AKI was defined as AKI not meeting the definition for resolving AKI. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The primary outcome was a composite of major adverse kidney events (MAKE), defined as incident or progressive chronic kidney disease, long-term dialysis, or all-cause death during study follow-up. <h3>Results</h3> Among 1538 participants (964 men; mean [SD] age, 64.6 [12.7] years), 769 (50%) had no AKI, 475 (31%) had a resolving AKI pattern, and 294 (19%) had a nonresolving AKI pattern. After a median follow-up of 4.7 years, the outcome of MAKE occurred in 550 (36%) of all participants. The adjusted hazard ratio for MAKE was higher for patients with resolving AKI (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.01-2.29;<i>P</i> = .04) and those with nonresolving AKI (adjusted hazard ratio 2.30; 95% CI, 1.52-3.48;<i>P</i> &lt; .001) compared with participants without AKI. Within the population of patients with AKI, nonresolving AKI was associated with a 51% greater risk of MAKE (95% CI, 22%-88%;<i>P</i> &lt; .001) compared with resolving AKI. The higher risk of MAKE among patients with nonresolving AKI was explained by a higher risk of incident and progressive chronic kidney disease. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This study suggests that the 72-hour period immediately after AKI distinguishes the risk of clinically important kidney-specific long-term outcomes. The identification of different AKI recovery patterns may improve patient risk stratification, facilitate prognostic enrichment in clinical trials, and enable recognition of patients who may benefit from nephrology consultation.
Rationalization enables cooperation and cultural evolution
Authors: Neil Levy
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2020)

Abstract Cushman argues that the function of rationalization is to attribute mental representations to ourselves, thereby making these representations available for future planning. I argue that such attribution is often not necessary and sometimes maladaptive. I suggest a different explanation of rationalization: making representations available to other agents, to facilitate cooperation, transmission, and the ratchet effect that underlies cumulative cultural evolution.
COVID-19 and risks to the supply and quality of tests, drugs, and vaccines
Authors: Paul N Newton, Katherine C Bond, Moji Adeyeye, Marie Antignac, Ayenew Ashenef, Ghulam Rahim Awab, Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar, Wilbert J Bannenberg, Katherine C Bond, Jason Bower, Joel Breman, Aleisha Brock, Céline Caillet, Philip Coyne, Nicholas Day, Michael Deats, Kawtar Douidy, Kim Doyle, Catherine Dujardin, Chioma S Ejekam, Facundo Fernández, Clark Freifeld, Marie Gill, Philippe J Guerin, Georgina Harigwo, Lutz Heide, Peter Horby, Harparkash Kaur, Pierre Claver Kayumba, Kimura Kazuko, Cassandra Kelly, Felix Khuluza, Stephen Kigera, Mirza Lalani, Marie Lamy, Marya Lieberman, Murray Lumpkin, Tim Mackey, Bernard Naughton, Paul N Newton, Philip Nguyen, Piero Olliaro, Sachiko Ozawa, Anushka Patel, Souly Phanouvong, Elizabeth Pisani, Oksana Pyzik, Lembit Rägo, Mohammad Sofiqur Rahman, Eurek Ranjit, Raffaella Ravinetto, David Richmond, Sauman Singh-Phulgenda, Jaap Venema, Andrea Vogt, Nicholas White, Veronika J Wirtz, Muhammad Zaman
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2020)
CT Scans of Patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia
Authors: Wei Zhao, Zheng Zhong, Xingzhi Xie, Qizhi Yu, Jun Liu
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

The increasing speed of confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) cases is striking in China. The purpose of this study is to summarize the outcomes of patients with novel COVID-19 pneumonia (NCP) at our institution.
Adaptive Natural Killer Cell Functional Recovery in Hepatitis C Virus Cured Patients
Authors: Dalila Mele, Barbara Oliviero, Stefania Mantovani, Serena Ludovisi, Andrea Lombardi, Francesca Genco, Roberto Gulminetti, Stefano Novati, Mario U. Mondelli, Stefania Varchetta
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Background and Aims Current evidence suggests that dysfunctional natural killer (NK) cell responses during hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can be restored after viral eradication with direct acting antivirals (DAAs). However, the fate of the recently described adaptive NK cell population, endowed with increased ability to mediate antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), during HCV infection is poorly defined, while no study has explored the effects of DAAs on this NK subset. Approach and Results We performed multicolor flow cytometry to investigate CD57 + FcεRIγ neg adaptive and FcεRIγ pos conventional NK cell phenotype and function before and after DAA treatment in 59 patients chronically infected with HCV, 39 with advanced liver fibrosis, and 20 with mild‐moderate liver fibrosis. Moreover, bulk NK cell phenotype and function were analyzed after cytokine activation following contact with K562 target cells. The proportion of FcεRIγ neg NK cells in patients with HCV was associated with increased HCV load at baseline, and it was significantly reduced after treatment. Patients with an advanced fibrosis stage displayed increased NK cell activation and exhaustion markers that normalized after therapy. Of note, adaptive NK cells from patients with HCV were characterized by increased programmed death receptor 1 expression and reduced ADCC activity at baseline. DAA treatment restored ADCC ability and reduced programmed death receptor 1 expression. Conclusions HCV profoundly affects the frequency, phenotype, and function of adaptive NK cells. DAA therapy restores a normal adaptive NK phenotype and enhances interferon‐gamma production by this cell subset.
A Comparison of Two Doses of Aspirin (30 mg vs. 283 mg a Day) in Patients after a Transient Ischemic Attack or Minor Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Jan van Gijn, Ale Algra, Jaap Kappelle, Peter J Koudstaal, Anet van Latum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Aspirin is known to improve the outcome of patients who have had a cerebral transient ischemic attack, but the optimal dose of aspirin remains uncertain. Experimental evidence indicates that 30 mg of aspirin daily alters platelet aggregation more favorably than the 300-mg dose currently used in patients after transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke.
Distinct tissue macrophage subsets regulate inflammation and provide a novel cellular and molecular mechanism for disease remission in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: S Alivernini, L MacDonald, A Elmesmari, S Finlay, B Tolusso, M R Gigante, L Petricca, C Di Mario, L Bui, S Perniola, M Attar, M Gessi, A L Fedele, S Chilaka, S Sansom, A Filer, C McSharry, N L Millar, K Kirschner, A Nerviani, M L Lewis, C Pitzalis, A L Clark, G Ferraccioli, I Udalova, C Buckley, E Gremese, I B McInnes, T D Otto, M Kurowska-Stolarska
Journal: Nature Medicine (2020)