tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cellular dynamics in the airways induced by constitutive expression of achaete-scute homoloque-1 (ASH-1): A model for premalignant changes in pulmonary adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xioayang Wang, Franco Demayo, R. Ilona Linnoila
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

748  We have previously demonstrated that the proneural transcription factor ASH-1 enhances tumorigenesis in SV40 transgenic mice (Cancer Res. 2000: 60: 4005-9). We now examined the implications of constitutive ASH-1 expression under the Clara cell specific (CC10) promoter in the peripheral lung of CC10/ASH1 transgenic mouse. At 9 months the number of airway cells in transgenic mice had increased 200% in the terminal bronchioles (TB) and alveolar ducts when compared with the wild type (WT) mice resulting in bronchiolization of the alveoli (BOA). In order to assess the mechanism of the cellular increase, we determined the proliferation rate using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation in serial sacrifice study. Proliferation indeces in TB epithelium and BOA of transgenic mice increased to three fold at 3 weeks, and 1.5 fold at 2-4 months compared with WT mice. The TUNNEL assay yielded up to 6-fold lower apoptotic indeces in the same regions of CC10/ASH-1 mice. By immunohistochemistry, the cells were positive for ASH-1, anti-apoptotic factors BCL2 and phospho-AKT with its downstream genes, and negative for the pro-apoptotic caspase 3. The results were confirmed by laser capture microdissection and real-time PCR or Western blot analyses. Our data indicate that constitutive expression of ASH-1 enhances cellular proliferation and resistance to apoptosis in TB epithelium in CC10/ASH-1 transgenic mice, which results in BOA, a potentially premalignant lesion of pulmonary adenocarcinoma (Int. J. Cancer 1998: 75: 489 –496). We conclude that several apoptosis-regulating pathways may play important roles in promoting BOA.
Agreement between wedged hepatic venous pressure and portal pressure in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-related cirrhosis
Authors: José Ferrusquía-Acosta, Octavi Bassegoda, Laura Turco, Enric Reverter, Monica Pellone, Marcello Bianchini, Valeria Pérez-Campuzano, Enric Ripoll, Ángeles García-Criado, Isabel Graupera, Juan Carlos García-Pagán, Filippo Schepis, Marco Senzolo, Virginia Hernández-Gea
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Effectiveness of exercises by telerehabilitation on pain, physical function and quality of life in people with physical disabilities: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials with GRADE recommendations
Authors: Jane Fonseca Dias, Vinicius Cunha Oliveira, Pollyana Ruggio Tristão Borges, Fabiana Caetano Martins Silva Dutra, Marisa Cotta Mancini, Renata Noce Kirkwood, Renan Alves Resende, Rosana Ferreira Sampaio
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2020)

Objective Investigate whether exercise-based telerehabilitation improves pain, physical function and quality of life in adults with physical disabilities. Design Systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Data sources Searches were performed in AMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Embase, PEDro, Cochrane Library and PsycINFO. Eligibility criteria Trials were considered if they evaluated exercise by telerehabilitation. The population included adults with physical disability. Comparisons were control and other interventions. The outcomes were pain, physical function and quality of life. Study selection, data extraction and analysis followed the protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019122824). GRADE determined the strength of evidence. Results Forty-eight trials were included in the quantitative analysis. When compared with other interventions, there was high-quality evidence that telerehabilitation was not different to other interventions for pain (95% CI: −0.4 to 0.1), physical function (95% CI: −0.2 to 0.2) and quality of life (95% CI: −0.1 to 0.5) at long-term. There was moderate-quality evidence that telerehabilitation was not different to other interventions for physical function (95% CI: −0.1 to 0.5) and quality of life (95% CI: −0.2 to 0.5) at short-term. However, due to the low-quality evidence and the small number of trials comparing exercise protocols offered by telerehabilitation with control groups, it is still not possible to state the efficacy of telerehabilitation on pain, function and quality of life at short-term and long-term. Conclusions Exercise by telerehabilitation may be an alternative to treat pain, physical function and quality of life in adults with physical disabilities when compared with other intervention.
Time trends and prescribing patterns of opioid drugs in UK primary care patients with non-cancer pain: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Meghna Jani, Belay Birlie Yimer, Therese Sheppard, Mark Lunt, William G. Dixon
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2020)

The US opioid epidemic has led to similar concerns about prescribed opioids in the UK. In new users, initiation of or escalation to more potent and high dose opioids may contribute to long-term use. Additionally, physician prescribing behaviour has been described as a key driver of rising opioid prescriptions and long-term opioid use. No studies to our knowledge have investigated the extent to which regions, practices, and prescribers vary in opioid prescribing whilst accounting for case mix. This study sought to (i) describe prescribing trends between 2006 and 2017, (ii) evaluate the transition of opioid dose and potency in the first 2 years from initial prescription, (iii) quantify and identify risk factors for long-term opioid use, and (iv) quantify the variation of long-term use attributed to region, practice, and prescriber, accounting for case mix and chance variation.
The 11+ of the future: a primary injury prevention framework for sub-elite football
Authors: Matthew Whalan, Ric Lovell, Kristian Thorborg, John Andrew Sampson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2020)

Originally developed as a way to integrate injury risk mitigating exercises into the warm-up,1 the 11+ importantly reduces injury incidence and burden by ~40% in men’s sub-elite football.2 Despite its efficacy as a primary injury mitigation strategy, challenges remain regarding 11+ compliance and adoption.3 This editorial presents a new framework that modernises the programme and tackles issues related to 11+ adoption.

A lack of coach/player buy-in, complaints regarding its prolonged duration, and concerns that some exercises (part 2: strength exercises and plyometrics) induce fatigue, are established barriers to 11+ adoption.3 Although recent research has identified strategies to improve the efficacy and adoption of the 11+, it has not been updated since its 2009 launch.2 The challenge, thus, remains to develop a framework that facilitates implementation of risk reduction strategies, while maintaining the initial philosophy of the original 11+, that is, deliverable by a coach with minimal experience or equipment. The proposed new framework is outlined in figure 1.



Figure 1 
New framework incorporating the key elements of education, risk …
AB0233 ATTAINING CDAI REMISSION IS THE FIRST GATEWAY TO ATTAIN BOOLEAN REMISSION
Authors: I. Yoshii
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Boolean remission is most stringent but most comparable remission status for the patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Clinical remission evaluated with clinical disease activity index (CDAI) is also one of the most popular index for evaluation of RA treatment. These two criteria often overlap, but some are split. Objectives: Clinical significance of attaining CDAI remission before attaining Boolean remission was investigated. Methods: Patient with RA were treated in the institute since August 2010 under treat to target (T2T) strategy. In accordance with T2T, RA patients were monitored from the first consultation with parameter such as tenderness joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), patient’s global assessment (PGA), evaluator’s global assessment (EGA), C-reactive protein (CRP), modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (mHAQ), pain scale with visual analog scale (PS-VAS), and EuroQOL 5-dimension (EQ-5D). CDAI and Boolean are also evaluated at the same time. Radiographs of bilateral hands and feet are taken once a year from the first consultation, and the Sharp/van der Heijde Score (SHS) is measured. In patients, a group who attained CDAI remission prior to attaining Boolean remission (CDAI-R), a group who could not attain CDAI remission previously than attaining Boolean remission (CDAI-F), and a group who could not attain Boolean remission despite attaining CDAI remission (Boolean-F) were picked up and divided according to change of disease activity. Among these three groups, mean age, sex, education level, job style, anti-cyclic citrullinated polypeptide antibodies (ACPA), rheumatoid factor (RF), the CDAI score, the HAQ score, PS-VAS and quality of life index (QOL) calculated from EQ-5D were compared with each other using Mann-Whitney U-test. Boolean remission attaining rate whether CDAI remission attained was compared with chi square test. Results: Patient group configured with 255 of CDAI-R, 160 of CDAI-F, and 28 of Boolean-F. Patient who could not attain none of CDAI nor Boolean remission counted 175. In background factors at baseline, mean age, the HAQ score, and SHS of the Boolean-F were significantly older than the other groups. In the two groups of CDAI-R and CDAI-F, 28-joints disease activity score with C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP), CDAI and PS-VAS in the CDAI-R were significantly lower than in the CDAI-F, similarly, DAS28-CRP, the CDAI score, the HAQ score, PS-VAS and QOL after Boolean remission attain were significantly higher in the CDAI-F than the CDAI-R. Sensitivity of Boolean remission when attaining CDAI remission previously before Boolean remission is 93.4%, and specificity was 52.2% (p&lt;1.0x10 -30 ). Conclusion: Attaining CDAI remission previously is extremely important, both for attaining Boolean remission and more stable clinical course after attaining Boolean remission. CDAI remission could be the first gateway to send sustainable QOL course. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Katherine A. A. Clark, Eric J. Velazquez
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>“A center for trans women where they help you:”</i> Resource needs of the immigrant Latinx transgender community
Authors: Kirsten A. Gonzalez, Roberto L. Abreu, Cristalís Capielo Rosario, Jasmine M. Koech, Gabriel M. Lockett, Louis Lindley
Journal: International Journal of Transgender Health (2020)

Immigrant Latinx transgender people often migrate to the United States because of a desire for increased safety and more opportunities. However, after migrating to the United States, immigrant Latinx transgender people often struggle to access basic needs, including health care, jobs, and stable finances. These struggles are exacerbated for undocumented immigrant Latinx transgender people. There is a gap in the literature regarding needed resources for immigrant Latinx transgender community members living in the United States.
The type of anthracycline administered during remission induction and consolidation therapy of AML has an impact on feasibility of subsequent autologous or allogeneic transplantation and induced marrow toxicity: preliminary results of the EORTC-Gimema AML-10 randomized trial.
Authors: T De Witte, S Suiciu, R Zittoun, L Resegotti, Liso, R Willemze, A Belhabri, S Amadori, R Guistolisi, B Labar, Fioritoni, G, Rossi-Ferrini, G, G Leone, U Jehn, S Keating, P Fazi, P Rodts, G Solbu, F. Mandelli
Journal: Blood (2000)
Medical gas plasma promotes blood coagulation via platelet activation
Authors: Sander Bekeschus, Broder Poschkamp, Julia van der Linde
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)

Major blood loss still is a risk factor during surgery. Electrocauterization often is used for necrotizing the tissue and thereby halts bleeding (hemostasis). However, the carbonized tissue is prone to falling off, putting patients at risk of severe side effects, such as dangerous internal bleeding many hours after surgery. We have developed a medical gas plasma jet technology as an alternative to electrocauterization and investigated its hemostatic (blood clotting) effects and mechanisms of action using whole human blood. The gas plasma efficiently coagulated anticoagulated donor blood, which resulted from the local lysis of red blood cells (hemolysis). Image cytometry further showed enhanced platelet aggregation. Gas plasmas release reactive oxygen species (ROS), but neither scavenging of long-lived ROS nor addition of chemically-generated ROS were able to abrogate or recapitulate the gas plasma effect, respectively. However, platelet activation was markedly impaired in platelet-rich plasma when compared to gas plasma-treated whole blood that moreover contained significant amounts of hemoglobin indicative of red blood cell lysis (hemolysis). Finally, incubation of whole blood with concentration-matched hemolysates phenocopied the gas plasmas-mediated platelet activation. These results will spur the translation of plasma systems for hemolysis into clinical practice.
Outcome of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia treated with high-dose immunoglobulin therapy in a prospective case series
Authors: Esteban Reynaga, Jorge Carrillo, Jose Ramón Santos, Silvia Roure, Lourdes Mateu, Roger Paredes, Bonaventura Clotet, Nuria Izquierdo-Useros, Maria Luisa Pedro-Botet
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition attenuates protein overload in renal proximal tubule via suppression of megalin O-GlcNacylation in progressive diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Hitomi Otomo, Mitsuhiko Nara, Shunsuke Kato, Tatsunori Shimizu, Yumi Suganuma, Takehiro Sato, Tsukasa Morii, Yuichiro Yamada, Hiroki Fujita
Journal: Metabolism (2020)
Total Body Irradiation (TBI) Dose Escalation Decreases Risk of Progression and Graft Rejection after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation with Nonmyeloablative Conditioning for Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) or Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN)
Authors: Federico Monaco, Bart L. Scott, Thomas Chauncey, Finn Petersen, Barry E. Storer, Frederic Baron, Mary E. Flowers, H. Joachim Deeg, Rainer F. Storb, David G. Maloney, Brenda M. Sandmaier
Journal: Blood (2017)
Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1): an emerging target in prostate cancer
Authors: Geraldine Gueron, Adriana De Siervi, Elba Vazquez
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

4678  Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in men. It is considered a lethal malignancy with increasing incidence worldwide. Although PCa progression is well characterized by the androgen resistant phenotype, little is known about the genetic events of the malignant transformation. Androgen deprivation induces changes in the phenotype of PCa followed by alterations in protein expression. Recent evidence has suggested that proliferative inflammatory atrophy is a precursor of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and PCa. Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1) the inducible isoform of the rate-limiting enzyme in the degradation of heme, could counteract immune-mediated injury either through prevention of oxidative damage or via a local immunomodulatory influence on infiltrating inflammatory cells. Due to the key role that inflammation plays in the development of the tumor and subsequent metastasis, we hypothesize that modulation of HO-1 expression plays a critical role in PCa progression. To better understand the role of HO-1 in PCa, we assessed the expression of this enzyme in PCa cell lines. Western Blot analysis revealed low basal levels in the androgen independent cell line PC3 compared to androgen sensitive cell lines (LNCaP and MDA PCa 2b). We further analyzed HO-1 modulation effect on cell proliferation (3H-incorporation) and invasion (Matrigel invasion chambers). Treatment of PC3 cell cultures with hemin (70 µM, 24h), a potent inducer of HO-1, resulted in a 20% (p
Is Nicotine Reduction in Cigarettes Enough?
Authors: David B. Abrams, Caitlin Notley
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

In July 2017, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced a proposal to limit all cigarettes to those with very low nicotine content (VLNC) as a key part of the comprehensive plan for nicotine regulation.The objectives of that plan are to promote smoking cessation in existing adult smokers and to help keep those who are experimenting, especially young people, from progressing to persistent smoking. 1 For more than a decade, the FDA has funded research on the use of VLNC cigarettes among the general population of smokers.Higgins et al 2 examined the changes in consumption of VLNC cigarettes in 3 groups drawn from vulnerable populations: individuals with affective disorders, those with opioid use disorder, and women with socioeconomic disadvantage.
Inflammatory bowel disease and Parkinson’s disease: common pathophysiological links
Authors: Ho-Su Lee, Evy Lobbestael, Séverine Vermeire, João Sabino, Isabelle Cleynen
Journal: Gut (2020)

Inflammatory bowel disease and Parkinson's disease are chronic progressive disorders that mainly affect different organs: the gut and brain, respectively. Accumulating evidence has suggested a bidirectional link between gastrointestinal inflammation and neurodegeneration, in accordance with the concept of the 'gut-brain axis'. Moreover, recent population-based studies have shown that inflammatory bowel disease might increase the risk of Parkinson's disease. Although the precise mechanisms underlying gut-brain interactions remain elusive, some of the latest findings have begun to explain the link. Several genetic loci are shared between both disorders with a similar direction of effect on the risk of both diseases. The most interesting example is LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2), initially identified as a causal gene in Parkinson's disease, and recently also implicated in Crohn's disease. In this review, we highlight recent findings on the link between these seemingly unrelated diseases with shared genetic susceptibility. We discuss supporting and conflicting data obtained from epidemiological and genetic studies along with remaining questions and concerns. In addition, we discuss possible biological links including the gut-brain axis, microbiota, autoimmunity, mitochondrial function and autophagy.
Oxygen For Breathlessness In Patients With COPD Who Do Not Qualify For Home Oxygen Therapy : An Updated Cochrane Analysis
Authors: M. Ekström, Z. Ahmadi, Anna Bornefalk Hermansson, D. Currow
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2017)

Oxygen For Breathlessness In Patients With COPD Who Do Not Qualify For Home Oxygen Therapy : An Updated Cochrane Analysis
Advances and novel developments in mechanisms of allergic inflammation
Authors: Xiaorui Han, James W. Krempski, Kari Nadeau
Journal: Allergy (2020)

In the past decade, research in the molecular and cellular underpinnings of basic and clinical immunology has significantly advanced our understanding of allergic disorders, allowing scientists and clinicians to diagnose and treat disorders such as asthma, allergic and nonallergic rhinitis, and food allergy. In this review, we discuss several significant recent developments in basic and clinical research as well as important future research directions in allergic inflammation. Certain key regulatory cytokines, genes and molecules have recently been shown to play key roles in allergic disorders. For example, interleukin-33 (IL-33) plays an important role in refractory disorders such as asthma, allergic rhinitis and food allergy, mainly by inducing T helper (Th) 2 immune responses and clinical trials with IL-33 inhibitors are underway in food allergy. We discuss interleukin 4 receptor pathways, which recently have been shown to play a critical role among the allergic inflammatory pathways that drive allergic disorders and pathogenesis. Further, the cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) has recently been shown as a factor in maintaining immune homeostasis and regulating type 2 inflammatory responses at mucosal barriers in allergic inflammation and targeting TSLP-mediated signalling is considered an attractive therapeutic strategy. In addition, new findings establish an important T cell-intrinsic role of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) proteolytic activity in the suppression of autoimmune responses. We have seen how mutations in the filaggrin gene are a significant risk factor for allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, contact allergy, and hand eczema. We are only beginning to understand the mechanisms by which the human microbiota may be regulating the immune system, and how sudden changes in the composition of the microbiota may have profound effects, linked with an increased risk of developing chronic inflammatory disorders, including allergies. New research has shown the important but complex role monocytes play in disorders such as food allergies. Finally, we discuss some of the new directions of research in this area, particularly the important use of biologicals in oral immunotherapy, advances in gene therapy, multifood therapy, novel diagnostics in diagnosing allergic disorders and the central role that omics play in creating molecular signatures and biomarkers of allergic disorders such as food allergy. Such exciting new developments and advances have significantly moved forth our ability to understand the mechanisms underlying allergic diseases for improved patient care.
Updated Breast Cancer Surveillance Recommendations for Female Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer From the International Guideline Harmonization Group
Authors: Renée L. Mulder, Melissa M. Hudson, Smita Bhatia, Wendy Landier, Gill Levitt, Louis S. Constine, W. Hamish Wallace, Flora E. van Leeuwen, Cécile M. Ronckers, Tara O. Henderson, Chaya S. Moskowitz, Danielle N. Friedman, Andrea K. Ng, Helen C. Jenkinson, Charlotte Demoor-Goldschmidt, Roderick Skinner, Leontien C.M. Kremer, Kevin C. Oeffinger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

As new evidence is available, the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group has updated breast cancer surveillance recommendations for female survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer.