Abstract LB-103: The interaction between SNP genotype and aromatase inhibitor treatment response in early breast cancer
Authors: Junmei Cairns, James N. Ingle, Krishna R. Kalari, Lois E. Shepherd, Matthew J. Ellis, Paul E. Goss, Poulami Barman, Erin E. Carlson, Matthew P. Goetz, Richard M. Weinshilboum, Liewei Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Purpose: To determine genetic variants that could differentiate aromatase inhibitors (AIs) efficacy in early stage breast cancer. Experimental Design: We performed a stratified cox-proportional hazards analysis utilizing stratification factors and other covariates examining Breast Cancer Free Interval (BCFI) SNP-treatment interaction in Caucasian patients entered on the MA.27 trial. This analysis involved 4465 patients (2226 on anastrozole and 2239 on exemestane arm) including 245 (121 on anastrozole and 124 events on exemestane arm) with a breast event. Preclinical laboratory studies included luciferase activity, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, and cell migration assays. Results: We identified 887 SNPs with a p-value &amp;lt;1E-4 that could differentiate anastrozole from exemestane efficacy. We next used GTEx databases to determine whether these SNPs might be cis-eQTLs with nearby genes, and found that 95 SNPs were eQTL with 14 genes. Functional validation of SNP effect in these 14 genes on response to anastrozole and exemestane revealed that 3 SNPs showed genotype-dependent differences between anastrozole and exemestane. Two of the three SNPs, rs1877193 and rs6735923 located upstream of LY75 gene, were associated with higher LY75 gene expression. Our drug-SNP interaction GWAS showed that both SNPs were associated with better BCFI for exemestane compared to anastrozole (HR= 0.447, 0.458). The SNP rs62293499 located downstream of the GPR160 gene was also associated with better BCFI for exemestane compared to anastrozole (HR=0.433). Interestingly, all 3 SNPs were associated with worse outcome (shorter BCFI) in anastrozole treated patients (HR=1.39~1.58), but with longer BCFI in the exemestane treated patients (HR=0.58~0.71) based on our GWAS results in MA.27 trial. However, all 3 SNPs showed no association with BCFI if the two treatment arms, anastrozole and exemestane, were combined (HR=0.92~1.08). Consistently, cells with Ly75 or GPR160 SNP variant genotypes were more sensitive to exemestane compared to anastrozole. Mechanistically, the 3 SNPs regulated estrogen receptor-dependant LY75 and GPR160 expression. LY75 suppression induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer cell lines, accompanied by increased migratory capacity in vitro. LY75 knockdown also resulted in predominant downregulation of functional pathways such as cell proliferation, while pathways associated with mesenchymal stimulation were generally increased. GPR160 knockdown also resulted in downregulation of cell proliferation pathways. Conclusions: This SNP genotype and AI treatment interaction clinical study revealed unique genetic variants that differentiate anastrozole and exemestane efficacy. The signals were lost in the GWAS analysis when anastrozole and exemestane were combined. Preclinical laboratory studies revealed novel functions of LY75 and GPR160 in breast cancer. These findings represent potential steps towards individualized AI therapy. Citation Format: Junmei Cairns, James N. Ingle, Krishna R. Kalari, Lois E. Shepherd, Matthew J. Ellis, Paul E. Goss, Poulami Barman, Erin E. Carlson, Matthew P. Goetz, Richard M. Weinshilboum, Liewei Wang. The interaction between SNP genotype and aromatase inhibitor treatment response in early breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-103.