tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 20946: Decreasing Mortality and Hospital Costs: Trends in Congestive Heart Failure Exacerbation Admissions From 2004 to 2014
Authors: Syed A Ahsan, Seyed Hamed Hosseini Dehkordi, Farid Gholitabar, Shawn Lee, Alejandro Lemor, Navid Gholitabar, Eyal Herzog
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) exacerbations are associated with high mortality rates and exact significant costs on the health care system. New guidelines, innovations in technology and novel pharmacological agents for treatment of patients admitted with CHF have been developed in the last decade. While they have been shown to improve outcomes independently, data is limited on the cumulative effects of these interventions. We investigated the impacts of these therapeutic modalities over 10 years, and hypothesized improved outcomes of in-hospital admission for CHF exacerbation. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using the 2004-2014 National Inpatient Sample, the largest publicly available inpatient database in the United States. We included women and men &gt;18 years of age admitted between 2004 and 2014 with a primary diagnosis of CHF (using ICD-9 CM codes). The primary outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcomes were mean total hospital cost and mean length of stay (LOS). STATA 13.0 was used for data analysis; costs were adjusted for inflation using the Bureau of Labor Statistics calculator. Results: 2,254,286 patients were included in this study. The mean age was 72.6 years, and 1,142,923 patients were female (50.7%). The inpatient mortality rate was 3.9% in 2004 and decreased with statistical significance to 2.9% in 2014 (p-trend &amp;lt;0.001) [Figure 1]. Mean hospital cost adjusted for inflation was $11605 in 2004 and decreased to $11,272 in 2014 [Figure 2]. Mean LOS decreased from 5.4 days in 2004 to 5.2 days in 2014. Conclusions: Over the course of 10 years, advances in care for patients with CHF have led to improvements in inpatient mortality rates, with marginally decreased hospital costs when inflation is taken into account. This likely reflects advances in comprehensive cardiovascular care, increasing use of evidence based guidelines, and introduction of novel medications and new therapeutic modalities.
The French Side of the Global Angioedema Registry
Authors: Isabelle Boccon-Gibod, Maddalena A. Wu, Ruggero Di Maulo, Marta De Munari, Anne Pagnier, Catherine Mansard, Alban Deroux, Mélanie Arnaud, Nelly Carrat, Marco Cicardi, Laurence Bouillet
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Abstract 19527: Relation Between Quantitative Coronary Cta and Myocardial Ischemia by Adenosine Stress Ct Myocardial Perfusion
Authors: Alexander R van Rosendael, Lucia J Kroft, Michiel A de Graaf, Alexander Broersen, Jeroen J Bax, Arthur J Scholte
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Increasing stenosis severity is related to reduced myocardial blood flow during hyperemia. Stenosis percentage is a moderate predictor for myocardial ischemia. It is known that coronary plaque morphology and composition may improve discrimination. Integration of quantitative coronary CTA (QCT) and adenosine stress CT myocardial perfusion (CTP) provides this information. The aim of this study was to assess the relation between coronary stenosis severity and plaque characteristics by QCT and ischemia diagnosed by CTP. Methods: We evaluated 84 patients who underwent both coronary CTA and adenosine stress CTP. Stenosis percentage and additional plaque characteristics (lesion length, mean plaque burden, plaque volume, remodeling index) were determined. Subsequently, the coronary lesions were related to presence of lesion specific ischemia measured with CTP. Results: Atherosclerosis was present in 146 coronary arteries. 21% (33/146) of the lesions caused downstream ischemia. Stenosis percentage (p&lt;0.001), mean plaque burden (p&lt;0.001), plaque volume (p=0.021), lesion length (p=0.033), maximal plaque thickness (p=0.021), dense calcium volume (p=0.005) were higher in hemodynamically significant lesions. Only 1 (3%) of 37 coronary lesions ≤ 40% stenosis was related to ischemia. Between 41%-60%, 61%-80%, &gt;81%, respectively, 17% (11/61), 34% (11/31) and 59% (10/17) were hemodynamically significant. Conclusion: Increasing stenosis percentage measured by QCT is related to higher prevalence of hemodynamically significant lesions measured with adenosine stress CTP. However, stenosis severity cannot accurately detect ischemic lesions. Coronary plaque volume, mean plaque burden, lesion length, maximal lesion thickness, and dense calcium volume were other characteristics that were related to ischemia, potentially leading to improved discrimination of intermediate to severe stenotic coronary lesions for downstream ischemia.
AAR-RT – A system for auto-contouring organs at risk on CT images for radiation therapy planning: Principles, design, and large-scale evaluation on head-and-neck and thoracic cancer cases
Authors: Xingyu Wu, Jayaram K. Udupa, Yubing Tong, Dewey Odhner, Gargi V. Pednekar, Charles B. Simone, David McLaughlin, Chavanon Apinorasethkul, Ontida Apinorasethkul, John Lukens, Dimitris Mihailidis, Geraldine Shammo, Paul James, Akhil Tiwari, Lisa Wojtowicz, Joseph Camaratta, Drew A. Torigian
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2019)
Nonimmune cell–derived ICOS ligand functions as a renoprotective αvβ3 integrin–selective antagonist
Authors: Kwi Hye Koh, Yanxia Cao, Steve Mangos, Nicholas J. Tardi, Ranadheer R. Dande, Ha Won Lee, Beata Samelko, Mehmet M. Altintas, Vincent P. Schmitz, Hyun Lee, Kamalika Mukherjee, Vasil Peev, David J. Cimbaluk, Jochen Reiser, Eunsil Hahm
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2019)

Soluble urokinase receptor (suPAR) is a circulatory molecule that activates αvβ3 integrin on podocytes, causes foot process effacement, and contributes to proteinuric kidney disease. While active integrin can be targeted by antibodies and small molecules, endogenous inhibitors haven't been discovered yet. Here we report what we believe is a novel renoprotective role for the inducible costimulator ligand (ICOSL) in early kidney disease through its selective binding to podocyte αvβ3 integrin. Contrary to ICOSL's immune-regulatory role, ICOSL in nonhematopoietic cells limited the activation of αvβ3 integrin. Specifically, ICOSL contains the arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) motif, which allowed for a high-affinity and selective binding to αvβ3 and modulation of podocyte adhesion. This binding was largely inhibited either by a synthetic RGD peptide or by a disrupted RGD sequence in ICOSL. ICOSL binding favored the active αvβ3 rather than the inactive form and showed little affinity for other integrins. Consistent with the rapid induction of podocyte ICOSL by inflammatory stimuli, glomerular ICOSL expression was increased in biopsies of early-stage human proteinuric kidney diseases. Icosl deficiency in mice resulted in an increased susceptibility to proteinuria that was rescued by recombinant ICOSL. Our work identified a potentially novel role for ICOSL, which serves as an endogenous αvβ3-selective antagonist to maintain glomerular filtration.
Fasting triglycerides are independently associated with subclinical atherosclerosis: the ELSA-Brasil study
Authors: Márcio Sommer Bittencourt, Raul D Santos, Henrique Lane Staniak, Itamar de Souza Santos, Alexandre C Pereira, Sreenivasa R Seshasal, Antonio Vallejo-Vaz, Kausik Ray, Bruce B Duncan, Isabela M Benseñor, Paulo Andrade Lotufo
Journal: Circulation (2015)
Exercise intolerance in comorbid COPD and heart failure: the role of impaired aerobic function
Authors: Alcides Rocha, Flavio F. Arbex, Priscila A. Sperandio, Frederico Mancuso, Mathieu Marillier, Anne-Catherine Bernard, Maria Clara N. Alencar, Denis E. O'Donnell, J. Alberto Neder
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

Impaired aerobic function is a potential mechanism of exercise intolerance in patients with combined cardiorespiratory disease. We investigated the pathophysiological and sensory consequences of a low change in oxygen uptake (Δ V ′ O 2 )/change in work rate (ΔWR) relationship during incremental exercise in patients with coexisting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and systolic heart failure (HF). After clinical stabilisation, 51 COPD–HF patients performed an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test to symptom limitation. Cardiac output was non-invasively measured (impedance cardiography) in a subset of patients (n=18). 27 patients presented with Δ V ′ O 2 /ΔWR below the lower limit of normal. Despite similar forced expiratory volume in 1 s and ejection fraction, the low Δ V ′ O 2 /ΔWR group showed higher end-diastolic volume, lower inspiratory capacity and lower transfer factor compared to their counterparts (p&lt;0.05). Peak WR and peak V ′ O 2 were ∼15% and ∼30% lower, respectively, in the former group: those findings were associated with greater symptom burden in daily life and at a given exercise intensity (leg discomfort and dyspnoea). The low Δ V ′ O 2 /ΔWR group presented with other evidences of impaired aerobic function (sluggish V ′ O 2 kinetics, earlier anaerobic threshold) and cardiocirculatory performance (lower oxygen pulse, lower stroke volume and cardiac output) (p&lt;0.05). Despite similar exertional hypoxaemia, they showed worse ventilatory inefficiency and higher operating lung volumes, which led to greater mechanical inspiratory constraints (p&lt;0.05). Impaired aerobic function due to negative cardiopulmonary–muscular interactions is an important determinant of exercise intolerance in patients with COPD–HF. Treatment strategies to improve oxygen delivery to and/or utilisation by the peripheral muscles might prove particularly beneficial to these patients.
Predictive factors for major complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients aged 80 years or older.
Authors: Naoya Takeda, Shigeaki Sawada, Isaku Yoshioka, Kazuto Shibuya, Kenichi Tazawa, Takuma Fukuda, Kosuke Mori, Katsuhisa Hirano, Tomoyuki Okumura, Takuya Nagata, Fuminori Yamagishi, Tsutomu Fujii
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

199 Background: As the population ages, elderly patients are being diagnosed with periampullary tumors, and hence, it has been suggested that surgeons should consider the indications for pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) in elderly patients. The aim of this study is to reveal risks and benefits of PD, and is to identify prognostic inflammatory biomarkers for major complications after PD in patients aged 80 years or older. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 161 consecutive patients who underwent PD between January 2000 and December 2015, and compared the patients aged ≥ 80 years (n = 22) with those aged &lt; 80 years (n = 139). Postoperative results and preoperative conditions such as nutrition status using controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score, hemoglobin level and comorbidity were assessed. Correlations were evaluated between major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade III or higher) and 6 systemic inflammation–based prognostic score such as Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), modified-GPS, High sensitive-mGPS, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and prognostic nutritional index in elderly patients. Results: There was no operative mortality. In elderly patients, preoperative hemoglobin level was lower and CONUT score was higher than in younger patients. The complication rates and the disease-specific survival did not differ significantly between the two groups. Ten patients (45%) experienced major complications in the elderly group. Among 6 systemic inflammation–based prognostic score, only PLR was revealed as predictor of major complications (p = 0.012) and optimal cutoff value was determined to be 145.3 (sensitivity = 33%, specificity = 100%, AUC = 0.842). Conclusions: PD could be performed safely in patients aged 80 years or older. The preoperative PLR was a simple and useful predictor of major complications after PD in elderly patients.
Nasal high-flow preoxygenation for endotracheal intubation in the critically ill patient: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Christophe Guitton, Stephan Ehrmann, Christelle Volteau, Gwenhael Colin, Adel Maamar, Vanessa Jean-Michel, Pierre-Joachim Mahe, Mickael Landais, Noelle Brule, Cedric Bretonnière, Olivier Zambon, Mickael Vourc’h
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2019)
Comprehensive Paired Tumor/Germline Testing for Lynch Syndrome: Bringing Resolution to the Diagnostic Process
Authors: Monalyn U. Salvador, Melissa R.F. Truelson, Carla Mason, Beth Souders, Holly LaDuca, Brittany Dougall, Mary Helen Black, Kelly Fulk, Jessica Profato, Stephanie Gutierrez, Kory Jasperson, Brigette Tippin-Davis, Hsiao-Mei Lu, Phillip Gray, Swati Shah, Elizabeth C. Chao, Negar Ghahramani, Megan Landsverk, Chia-Ling Gau, Daniel Chen, Melissa Pronold
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

PURPOSE The current diagnostic testing algorithm for Lynch syndrome (LS) is complex and often involves multiple follow-up germline and somatic tests. We aimed to describe the results of paired tumor/germline testing performed on a large cohort of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and endometrial cancer (EC) to better determine the utility of this novel testing methodology. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive series of patients with CRC and EC undergoing paired tumor/germline analysis of the LS genes at a clinical diagnostic laboratory (N = 702). Microsatellite instability, MLH1 promoter hypermethylation, and germline testing of additional genes were performed if ordered. Patients were assigned to one of five groups on the basis of prior tumor screening and germline testing outcomes. Results for each group are described. RESULTS Overall results were informative regarding an LS diagnosis for 76.1% and 60.8% of patients with mismatch-repair–deficient (MMRd) CRC and EC without and with prior germline testing, respectively. LS germline mutations were identified in 24.8% of patients in the group without prior germline testing, and interestingly, in 9.5% of patients with previous germline testing; four of these were discordant with prior tumor screening. Upon excluding patients with MLH1 promoter hypermethylation and germline mutations, biallelic somatic inactivation was seen in approximately 50% of patients with MMRd tumors across groups. CONCLUSION Paired testing identified a cause for MMRd tumors in 76% and 61% of patients without and with prior LS germline testing, respectively. Findings support inclusion of tumor sequencing as well as comprehensive LS germline testing in the LS testing algorithm. Paired testing offers a complete, convenient evaluation for LS with high diagnostic resolution.
ITP Patients in the Asia Pacific: Are They Different?
Authors: Beng H Chong, Jong-Wook Lee, Jun Ho Jang, Tzeon-Jye Chiou, Lai Heng Lee, Osman Ilhan, Pantep Angchaisuksiri, Kenny Mauricio Galvez, Ai-Sim Goh, Soo Chin Ng, Shinichiro Okamoto, Sarah Davidson
Journal: Blood (2017)
Abstract P5-14-09: Integration of primary care practitioners in a breast multidisciplinary team meeting- A pilot study
Authors: ME Pitcher, I Hornung, P Rangarajan
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Primary care practitioners are key to integrated patient care, as they often have an established relationship with patient and family, with knowledge of comorbidities and psychosocial factors. They can encourage compliance with cancer treatments and manage transition from acute care through survivorship. Communication with primary care however has often been unsatisfactory, with information not helpful to that practitioner or not provided in a timely manner. We recruited a general practitioner (GP) to attend the weekly breast cancer multidisciplinary meeting, with a responsibility to make contact with the primary care practitioner of patients presented prior to the meeting, so that relevant information from a primary care perspective could be taken into consideration for team deliberations. This also meant that the primary doctor was aware the patient was being discussed. Recommendations were fed back to that doctor after the meeting so that information was timely, and, being given by a peer, more useful. The GP attended 12 consecutive MDTs where 105 patients were discussed. In 55% contact was able to be made with the patient's GP prior to the meeting. This was perceived as not usually changing management plans, but reinforced known medical and social concerns. Feedback to the patients GP was regarded favourably, with reported greater confidence in managing the patient, particularly those with complex needs, as well as improving hospital to community communication in general. This pilot has shown that it is feasible to include primary care practitioners in a multidisciplinary meeting and improve interdisciplinary communication. Citation Format: Pitcher ME, Hornung I, Rangarajan P. Integration of primary care practitioners in a breast multidisciplinary team meeting- A pilot study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-14-09.
Vaccines
Authors: Pierre Vandepapelière
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2008)

I was curious to see how the authors of the fifth edition of Vaccines—widely regarded as "the Bible" for vaccinologists—had managed to incorporate the major changes that have occurred since the previous edition in 2004. I am happy to conclude that the book remains the work of reference that every person working in the field of vaccines—and also those with an interest in infectious diseases—should have at hand.
Abstract 15279: Dizziness, Clots, and Heart Failure: Reasons to Stay Out of the Lymelight
Authors: Kevin S Shah, Daniel Heikali, Pooya I Bokhoor
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Case: A 46-year-old man with history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia presented with one month of fatigue and lightheadedness. He lived in California but had recently visited Ireland. His examina...
Cardiac Dysfunction Among People Living With HIV
Authors: Sebhat Erqou, Bereket Tessema Lodebo, Ahmad Masri, Ahmed M. Altibi, Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui, Anastase Dzudie, Feven Ataklte, Gaurav Choudhary, Gerald S. Bloomfield, Wen-Chih Wu, Andre Pascal Kengne
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2019)
Abstract 17699: Inositol-1,4,5-Trisphosphate-Mediated Pacemaker Activity in NCX KO Mouse Sinoatrial Nodal Cells
Authors: Nidhi Kapoor, Andrew Tran, Rui Zhang, Jeanney Kang, Joshua I Goldhaber
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Sinoatrial node (SAN) automaticity is due to the interplay of several membrane currents, including the current produced by Na-Ca exchanger (NCX) in response to Ca cycling. Several lines of evidence suggest that inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate receptors (IP 3 Rs) that mobilize [Ca] i are implicated in generation of automaticity in embryonic and adult cardiomyocytes. Increased IP 3 R expression observed in failing heart may predispose to arrhythmias and could contribute to the elevated heart rates associated with systolic heart failure. However, whether IP 3 R signaling influences SAN pacemaking is still controversial, in part due to the confounding influence of periodic Ca flux through the sarcolemma during every beat. To address this concern, we used NCX knockout (KO) SAN cells to study the role of IP 3 signaling on pacemaker activity. In these cells Ca flux across the sarcolemmal membrane is practically eliminated due to NCX ablation and no Ca flux through L-type Ca channels due to lack of action potentials, yet periodic spontaneous waves are still generated by the localized Ca releases (LCRs) of the “Ca clock”. Thus these waves are “uncoupled” from the membrane because there is no NCX to contribute to the diastolic depolarization in response to the release of [Ca] i . We recorded spontaneous Ca oscillations using line scan confocal microscopy in WT and NCX KO SAN cells in the presence of an IP 3 R blocker or during inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC). We found that superfusion with the IP 3 R blocker, 2-APB (2 μm) decreased the frequency of Ca transients in WT SAN cells by 82.6% (n=9, p&lt;0.05) and Ca waves in NCX KO cells by 66% (n=10, p&lt;0.05). Similar results were also obtained on superfusion with the PLC antagonist, U73122 (1 μm). Alternatively, an increase in IP 3 production using the α-1 adrenergic receptor agonist phenylephrine (10 μm) led to an increase in the frequency of Ca transients in WT SAN cells (n=8. P&lt; 0.05) and Ca waves in NCX KO cells (n=9, p &lt;0.05). This effect was blocked on the subsequent additional application of 2-APB. In summary our results indicate that Ca release from IP 3 Rs can modulate Ca oscillation frequency in NCX KO SAN cells and support our hypothesis that IP 3 signaling modulates the Ca cycling processes that regulate pacemaker frequency in the SAN.
Association of Behavior in Boys From Low Socioeconomic Neighborhoods With Employment Earnings in Adulthood
Authors: Francis Vergunst, Richard E. Tremblay, Daniel Nagin, Yann Algan, Elizabeth Beasley, Jungwee Park, Cedric Galera, Frank Vitaro, Sylvana M. Côté
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Identifying early childhood behavioral problems associated with economic success/failure is essential for the development of targeted interventions that enhance economic prosperity through improved educational attainment and social integration.To test the association between kindergarten teacher-rated assessments of inattention, hyperactivity, opposition, aggression, and prosociality in boys with their employment earnings at age 35 to 36 years as measured by government tax return data.A 30-year prospective follow-up study analyzing low socioeconomic neighborhoods in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Boys aged 5 to 6 years attending kindergarten in low socioeconomic neighborhoods were recruited. Teacher-rated behavioral assessments were obtained for 1040 boys. Data were collected from April 1984 to December 2015. Analysis began January 2017.Mixed-effects linear regression models were used to examine the association between teacher ratings of inattention, hyperactivity, opposition, aggression, and prosociality at age 6 years and individual earnings obtained from government tax returns at age 35 to 36 years. The IQ of the child and family adversity were adjusted for in the analysis.Complete data were available for 920 study participants (mean age at follow-up was 36.3 years). Mean (SD) personal earnings at follow-up were $28 865.53 ($24 103.45) (range, $0-$142 267.84). A 1-unit increase in inattention (mean [SD], 2.66 [2.34]; range, 0-8) at age 6 years was associated with decrease in earnings at age 35 to 36 years of $1295.13 (95% CI, -$2051.65 to -$538.62), while a unit increase in prosociality (mean [SD], 8.0 [4.96]; range, 0-20) was associated with an increase in earnings of $406.15 (95% CI, $172.54-$639.77). Hyperactivity, opposition, and aggression were not significantly associated with earnings. Child IQ was associated with higher earnings and family adversity with lower earnings in all models. A 1-SD reduction in inattention at age 6 years was associated with a theoretical increase in annual earnings of $3040.41, a similar magnitude to an equivalent increase in IQ.Teacher ratings of inattention and prosociality in kindergarten boys from low socioeconomic neighborhoods are associated with earnings in adulthood after adjustment for hyperactivity, aggression, and opposition, which were not associated with earnings. Interventions beginning in kindergarten that target boys' inattention and enhance prosociality could positively impact workforce integration and earnings.