tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MNGI-03. ESTROGEN HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY IN INCIDENTAL MENINGIOMA - A GROWTH RATE ANALYSIS
Authors: David Kamson, Carlen Yuen, Laura Castillo Saavedra, Tilley Jenkins Vogel, Ryan Merrell, Matthew Walker
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Meningiomas are common intracranial neoplasms with female predominance and sharply rising incidence in the perimenopausal years. As they often express estrogen receptors, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) poses a theoretical risk inducing accelerated growth. Although HRT has been linked to slightly increased incidence, its actual effect on meningioma growth-rate had not been studied in a clinical population. AIM: We aimed to retrospectively compare tumor characteristics and grow-rates of incidental meningiomas of those with a ≥6-month history of estrogen-based HRT (e-HRT) before or during surveillance compared to those without (no-HRT). METHODS Forty females with e-HRT and 80 age-matched HRT-naïve females were identified from the NorthShore Incidental Meningioma Database. Tumor characteristics and diameters were analyzed on initial and all follow-up MRIs. Progression-free survival (PFS) was assessed. RESULTS Twenty-one patients completed e-HRT before, 10 started before and continued during, and 9 started e-HRT during surveillance. Patient and radiographic characteristics were similar between the groups (mean age 62y in both, parity; tumor calcification, T2W-intensity), whereas those with e-HRT had significantly lower body weight (68±16kg vs. 77±21kg; p=0.01) and tended to have longer follow-up (6.7±3.9yrs vs. 5.3±3.9yrs; p=0.07). Those with e-HRT had significantly smaller meningiomas (13±6mm vs. 16±9mm at diagnosis and 15±7mm vs. 19±11mm at end of follow-up; p=0.03 for both), and slower absolute grow-rates (0.5±0.8 vs 1.0±2.1mm/year; p=0.05) than those of no-HRT. Proportional growth-rate differences were not significant (3.3%/year vs. 5.4%/year p &gt;0.05). Subgroup analyses showed no difference between vaginal vs. oral/subcutaneous/transdermal route e-HRT vs. no-HRT. PFS defined by RECIST1.1, RANO and clinical (new symptoms or treatment) criteria were 11.1, 6.6 and 14.7years in e-HRT versus 10.5, 5.4 and 11.4years in no-HRT. None of the differences were significant (log-rank p &gt;0.1). CONCLUSIONS In this preliminary analysis, those with e-HRT had smaller tumors that grew slower, suggesting that e-HRT may be safe in incidental meningioma.
Early Immune Reconstitution after Haplo-Identical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HCT) with Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide (PTCY) Does Not Improve Overall Survival Compared to Matched Unrelated Donor HCT Recipients Receiving Thymoglobulin Prophylaxis (ATG)
Authors: Yasser Khaled, Joshua Boss, Poojitha Valasareddy, Arnel Pallera, Robert Johnson, Deniscer Peeler, Jason C. Chandler, Joel Gradowski
Journal: Blood (2019)
Improving Cancer Drug Discovery by Studying Cancer across the Tree of Life
Authors: Jason A Somarelli, Amy M Boddy, Heather L Gardner, Suzanne Bartholf DeWitt, Joanne Tuohy, Kate Megquier, Maya U Sheth, Shiaowen David Hsu, Jeffrey L Thorne, Cheryl A London, William C Eward
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2019)

Abstract Despite a considerable expenditure of time and resources and significant advances in experimental models of disease, cancer research continues to suffer from extremely low success rates in translating preclinical discoveries into clinical practice. The continued failure of cancer drug development, particularly late in the course of human testing, not only impacts patient outcomes, but also drives up the cost for those therapies that do succeed. It is clear that a paradigm shift is necessary if improvements in this process are to occur. One promising direction for increasing translational success is comparative oncology—the study of cancer across species, often involving veterinary patients that develop naturally-occurring cancers. Comparative oncology leverages the power of cross-species analyses to understand the fundamental drivers of cancer protective mechanisms, as well as factors contributing to cancer initiation and progression. Clinical trials in veterinary patients with cancer provide an opportunity to evaluate novel therapeutics in a setting that recapitulates many of the key features of human cancers, including genomic aberrations that underly tumor development, response and resistance to treatment, and the presence of comorbidities that can affect outcomes. With a concerted effort from basic scientists, human physicians and veterinarians, comparative oncology has the potential to enhance the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of pipelines for cancer drug discovery and other cancer treatments.
The "Costoclavicular Syndrome"
Authors: W. G. Waugh
Journal: BMJ (1947)

<h3>Background</h3> Tuberculosis (TB) represents a major challenge for Brazil and the world, especially because of the presence of pockets of poverty and coinfection with TB/HIV. The aim of the study is to analyse the trend of prevalence, incidence and mortality of tuberculosis cases, associated or not with HIV in Brazil and worldwide. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> We used data on prevalence, incidence and mortality from tuberculosis, with or without HIV co-infection, obtained by the WHO, from 1996 to 2008, referring to Brazil and the world. The trends were estimated by linear regression. <h3>Results</h3> The data suggest a reduction in the prevalence of and mortality from TB both in Brazil and worldwide, with more marked reduction in Brazil. However, TB incidence is falling in Brazil while increasing worldwide. There were increasing rates of incident TB/HIV. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Social inequality, population ageing, migration, the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains and the advent of AIDS are the main causes aggravating the current TB situation. In this context, methodological approaches for assessing TB surveillance actions are welcome because they can identify situations where the TB notification data are different from the true incidence of this disease.
Risk of acute infections in patients with psoriasis: A nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Bo Ri Kim, Danbee Kang, Minwoong Kang, Sungkeun Shim, Chang Kyung Kang, Dong Wook Kim, Eliseo Guallar, Juhee Cho, Sang Woong Youn
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2019)
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Single Institute Experience
Authors: Mohamed A Yassin, Mohammad Abdul-Jaber Abdulla, Prem Chandra, Mahmood B Aldapt, Yasser Hamad, Susanna Jane Akiki, Nancy Kassem, Abdulqadir Jeprel Nashwan, Ula Nur
Journal: Blood (2019)
Bone Loss and High Bone Turnover in Patients with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Who Receive Frontline Chemotherapy: Final Results of a Multicenter Prospective Study
Authors: Evangelos Terpos, Despina Fotiou, Konstantinos Anargyrou, Theodoros P. Vassilakopoulos, Dimitrios Christoulas, Polyzois Makras, Maria Dimou, Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Stavroula Masouridou, Maria K. Angelopoulou, Athanasios Papatheodorou, Konstantinos Tsionos, Panayiotis Panayiotidis, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Journal: Blood (2019)
NIMG-74. MULTIPARAMETER MRI INVESTIGATION OF HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA RESPONSE TO CAR T CELL IMMUNOTHERAPY
Authors: Harshan Ravi, Olya Stringfield, Gustavo De Leon, Sandra Johnston, Russell Rockne, Behnam Badie, Christine E Brown, Kristin Swanson, Robert Gatenby, Natarajan Raghunand
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract INTRODUCTION Immunotherapy with engineered CAR T cells is a promising new therapy for glioblastoma, for which predictive and prognostic biomarkers are needed to inform effective intervention. Recently, our group analyzed standard-of-care (SOC) MRI images of long-term and short-term glioblastoma survivors and identified six intratumoral “habitats” of which “Habitat 6” was correlated with survival at diagnosis in high-grade glioma. Based on the MRI characteristics of “Habitat 6”, viz. high enhancement and high edema, we hypothesized that it could be a marker of tumor immune infiltrates. We are studying longitudinal changes in tumor “habitat” composition on MRIs of subjects with recurrent high-grade glioma treated with CAR T cells engineered to target IL13Ra2. METHODS MRI scans of the brain were acquired in 6 subjects at 3.0 T at baseline and various times before and after initiation of CAR T cell therapy. FLAIR, T1W and T1W-CE MRI images were registered to T2W images and six intratumoral “habitats” were computed as per our recently published methodology. The six habitats generated at the end of the tumor segmentation process were: “Habitat 1” (low FLAIR, low enhancement), “Habitat 2” (high FLAIR, low enhancement), “Habitat 3” (low FLAIR, medium enhancement), “Habitat 4” (high FLAIR, medium enhancement), “Habitat 5” (low FLAIR, high enhancement), and “Habitat 6” (high FLAIR, high enhancement). RESULTS Analysis of temporal changes in the six “habitats” shows an initial increase in both “Habitat 4” and “Habitat 6” following CAR T cell therapy initiation. Subjects with higher absolute volumes of “Habitat 6” at the baseline (pre-treatment) showed longer overall survival. Overall survival is a function of absolute “Habitat 6” volume at baseline, its direction of change immediately post-therapy, the duration of any increase in “Habitat 6” post-treatment, and the “Habitat 6” to “Habitat 4” ratio. Additional subjects are being evaluated to further understand these preliminary observations.
Patient Nonadherence and Treatment Response to Imatinib in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Results from the ADAGIO Study
Authors: Lucien Noens, Marie-Anne van Lierde, Robrecht De Bock, Gregor Verhoef, Pierre Zachee, Zwi Berneman, Philippe Martiat, Philippe Mineur, Koen Van Eygen, Karen MacDonald, Sabina De Geest, Tara Albrecht, Laurie Letvak, Ivo Abraham
Journal: Blood (2008)
Climate crisis threatens gains in life expectancy, report warns
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2019)

If the world follows a “business as usual pathway” in relation to the climate emergency, a child born today will face a world that is on average 4°C warmer by their 71st birthday—putting their health under threat at every stage of their lives, a global report on health and climate change has warned.1

As temperatures rise harvests will shrink, threatening food security and driving up food prices in the decades ahead, said the Lancet Countdown report. Infants and small children will be among the worst affected by malnutrition and related health problems such as stunted growth, weak immune systems, and long term developmental problems.

Nick Watts, executive director of the Lancet initiative, said, “The damage done in early childhood is persistent and pervasive, with health consequences lasting for a …
Molecular Characterization of EP300 Mutant Myeloid Neoplasia
Authors: Sunisa Kongkiatkamon, Yasunobu Nagata, Hassan Awada, Vera Adema, Cassandra M Kerr, Kevin Fung, Francesca Gould, Christina Snider, Milo Co, Jibran Durrani, Hetty E. Carraway, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Valeria Visconte, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski
Journal: Blood (2019)
PDTM-37. GALECTIN-3 PROMOTES CXCR2 EXPRESSION IN MEDULLOBLASTOMA
Authors: Arabinda Das, Ramin Eskandari, Mohammed Alshareef, Libby Kosnik Infinger, Sunil Patel, David Cachia
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract Brain tumors are the leading cause of childhood cancer mortality, with medulloblastoma (MB) representing the most frequent malignant tumor. The identification of cancer stem cell (CSC) populations in MB has play a vital role in drug resistance, and cancer relapse. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) a multifunctional β-galactoside-binding protein is known to participate in tumor progression and drug resistance. However, the exact role of Gal-3 in medulloblastoma tumor pathophysiology is yet unknown. In this study, we observed higher levels of stem/progenitor cell markers, such as Oct4, Sox2, CD133 and Nanog in MB slices. Among the Gal family, Gal-3 in particular was highly expressed in MB tumor slices. To further investigate Gal-3’s role in the pathophysiology of MB, we used either small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knock down Gal-3 expression or Gal-3 inhibitor, TD139 to suppress Gal-3 expression in ex vivo slice culture model. Upon suppressing Gal-3 in parental MB slices, drug resistance (MDR1and MPR1) and stem cell related gene expression were all significantly decreased. Furthermore, CXCL6, CXCL7 and CXCR2 were down-regulated in Gal-3-knockdown or Gal-3 inhibitor treated MB tumor slices, while CXCR2 overexpression in Gal-3-knockdown or Gal-3 inhibitor treated MB slices restored their viability. These results indicate that highly expressed Gal-3 may up-regulate CXCR2 to augment MB invasiveness and progression. Gal-3 may be a prognostic and innovative target for the treatment of MB.
Effective Targeting of MEK/ERK Signalling at Nanomolar Concentrations by the Novel Small Molecule Inhibitor PD0325901 in Hematopoietic and Solid Tumors.
Authors: Maria R. Ricciardi, Maria C. Scerpa, Ludovica Ciuffreda, Sabina Chiaretti, Simona Tavolaro, Jacopo Gervasoni, Fabiana De Cave, Chiara Gregorj, Maria T. Petrucci, Francesco Cognetti, Michael Andreeff, Gabriella Zupi, Robin Foà, Agostino Tafuri, Michele Milella
Journal: Blood (2005)
CSIG-30. miR-146a INHIBITS TUMORIGENESIS AND INDUCES TEMOZOLOMIDE SENSITIVITY VIA AFFECTING CANCER STEM CELL PROPERTIES IN GBM
Authors: Tiantian Cui, Erica Hlavin Bell, Joseph McElroy, Kevin Liu, Pooja Manchanda Gulati, Benjamin Johnson, Ebin Sebastian, Aline Paixao Becker, Marjolein Geurts, Ashley Gray, Wei Meng, Jessica Fleming, Sasha Beyer, Qi-en Wang, Monica Venere, S Jaharul Haque, Pierre Robe, Arnab Chakravarti
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most aggressive primary brain tumors, with an average survival time of less than 15 months. miRNAs are emerging as promising and novel biomarkers in GBM. The aims of this study are: 1) to investigate novel miRNAs biomarkers that affect tumorigenesis and therapeutic sensitivity, and 2) to study the underlying molecular mechanisms in GBM. METHODS Nanostring v3 was performed followed by univariable (UVA) and multivariable (MVA) analyses. Functional studies were conducted to define the role of miR-146a in GBM tumorigenesis and therapeutic response and the molecular mechanisms were investigated. RESULTS UVA analyses demonstrated that miR-146a is one of the top miRNAs that correlated with better prognosis in GBM patients (p=9.21E-05), which was independent of MGMT promoter methylation by MVA analyses (p&lt; 0.001). miR-146a expression was significantly downregulated in recurrent GBM tumors compared with the paired primary GBM tumors (p=0.003). Overexpression of miR-146a significantly inhibited tumor cell growth and sensitized patient-derived primary GBM cells to temozolomide (TMZ) treatment in vitro, and showed statistically significant smaller tumor size (p&lt; 0.01) and prolonged survival (p=0.001) in vivo. In addition, miR-146a is downregulated in glioma cancer stem cells, and overexpression of miR-146a significantly affected glioma cancer stem cell self-renewal. We also found that overexpression of miR-146a significantly inhibited the NF-κB, AKT, and ERK pathways. CONCLUSION Our data suggest, for the first time, that miR-146a predicts favorable prognosis for GBM patients and sensitizes primary GBM cells to TMZ treatment in vitro and in vivo through regulating glioma stem cells. Importantly, miR-146a may prove to be a master switch shutting off AKT, NF-κB, as well as other pathways and may overcome redundancies among these pathways leading to resistance. FUNDING: Bohnenn Fund (to PR), R01CA108633, R01CA169368, U10CA180850-01(NCI), Brain Tumor Funders Collaborative Grant, and The Ohio State University CCC (all to AC).
Overcoming Lack of Diversity in Cardiovascular Clinical Trials
Authors: Rebecca F. Ortega, Clyde W. Yancy, Roxana Mehran, Wayne Batchelor
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Our current cardiovascular research paradigm has served us well for decades, facilitating the approvals of new drugs and devices that have unequivocally advanced the treatment of cardiovascular disease.While it may be argued that patient heterogeneity is a nuanced, rather than critical, component of drug or device efficacy, it is unquestionable that the current standard of care emanates from randomized controlled trials that have failed to fully represent elderly patients, minorities, and women. 1 The lack of adequate data for these relevant subgroups challenges the integrity of our evidence-based care algorithms and questions the replication of favorable safety and outcomes across all populations.These persistent missteps in our evidence-based generation could permit less than ideal health outcomes as a function of sex, age, race, and ethnicity.Given the rapidly changing demographics in our society, addressing these gaps in our evidence base is therefore not only a social imperative, but also a clinical necessity and important business consideration if we are to provide optimal care to an increasingly diverse US patient population.
Northstar-2: Updated Safety and Efficacy Analysis of Lentiglobin Gene Therapy in Patients with Transfusion-Dependent β-Thalassemia and Non-β0/β0 Genotypes
Authors: Alexis A. Thompson, Mark C. Walters, Janet L. Kwiatkowski, Suradej Hongeng, John B. Porter, Martin G. Sauer, Adrian J. Thrasher, Isabelle Thuret, Heidi Elliot, Ge Tao, Richard A. Colvin, Franco Locatelli
Journal: Blood (2019)
Liver Fat and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among School‐Age Children
Authors: Madelon L. Geurtsen, Susana Santos, Janine F. Felix, Liesbeth Duijts, Meike W. Vernooij, Romy Gaillard, Vincent W.V. Jaddoe
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a major risk factor for cardiometabolic disease in adults. The burden of liver fat and associated cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy children is unknown. In a population-based prospective cohort study among 3,170 10-year-old children, we assessed whether both liver fat accumulation across the full range and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors already in childhood.Liver fat fraction was measured by magnetic resonance imaging, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was defined as liver fat fraction ≥5.0%. We measured body mass index, blood pressure, and insulin, glucose, lipids, and C-reactive protein concentrations. Cardiometabolic clustering was defined as having three or more risk factors out of high visceral fat mass, high blood pressure, low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol or high triglycerides, and high insulin concentrations. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease prevalences were 1.0%, 9.1%, and 25.0% among children who were normal weight, overweight, and obese, respectively. Both higher liver fat within the normal range (<5.0% liver fat) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were associated with higher blood pressure, insulin resistance, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein concentrations (P values < 0.05). As compared with children with <2.0% liver fat, children with ≥5.0% liver fat had the highest odds of cardiometabolic clustering (odds ratio 24.43 [95% confidence interval 12.25, 48.60]). The associations remained similar after adjustment for body mass index and tended to be stronger in children who were overweight and obese.Higher liver fat is, across the full range and independently of body mass index, associated with an adverse cardiometabolic risk profile already in childhood. Future preventive strategies focused on improving cardiometabolic outcomes in later life may need to target liver fat development in childhood.
Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Risk of Thromboembolism in Patients with Lymphoma
Authors: Darko Antic, Natasa Milic, Vladimir Otasevic, Tanja Virijevic Salak, Vladislava Djurasinovic, Vojin Vukovic, Kristina Tomic, Biljana Mihaljevic, Jawed Fareed
Journal: Blood (2019)
Timing of Intervention in Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Patrizio Lancellotti, Mani A. Vannan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

Current guidelines require that in patients with severe aortic stenosis, symptoms related to the valvular disease be present for consideration of transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR) or surgical aortic-valve replacement.1,2 In the absence of symptoms, only very severe aortic stenosis is an indication (class IIa) for intervention.1-3 Kang et al.3 now report in the Journal the results of a trial involving patients with asymptomatic, very severe aortic stenosis who were randomly assigned to surgical aortic-valve replacement or conservative care (clinical follow-up and observation). Outcomes (death during or within 30 days after surgery [operative mortality] or death from cardiovascular causes; death from . . .
The Dying Psychiatrist
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Survival after Extracorporeal Circulation of Stored Erythrocytes Treated with Acid-Citrate-Dextrose (ACD) and Heparin
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal