tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Landmark perspective: Trigeminal neuralgia, Cushing
Authors: D. J. Dalessio
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This article, published on April 28, 1900, was presented at a symposium in Philadelphia only eight days earlier, on April 20, 1900. One might observe that it thus seems to achieve a goal of rapid publication unknown in our "modern times." The article was one of a series of eight published byThe Journalin two successive issues, climaxed by a go-with editorial on tic douloureux. All of the articles had been presented at a<i>Symposium on the Fifth Nerve and its Neurological and Surgical Relations</i>given before the College of Physicians of Philadelphia. Presumably, the editor ofThe Journalthen had a lively interest in the trigeminal nerve, for this concentration of articles on the diseases of a single cranial nerve is striking. Neither before nor since has tic douloureux been covered in such detail inThe Journal. The article is the work of the young Harvey Cushing (H.
The Medical Malpractice System
Authors: Joseph P. McMenamin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 June 1993The Medical Malpractice SystemJoseph P. McMenamin, MDJoseph P. McMenamin, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-11-199306010-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Annals should be commended for publishing articles such as that by Taragin and associates [1] and the companion editorial by Bovbjerg [2]. Yet, too little attention has been given to the problem of medical prostitution, a problem I encounter frequently in my practice, which is limited to the defense of health professionals and health care institutions accused of malpractice. An emergency physician testified that, on the strength of a chest roentgenogram alone, he was able to diagnose pneumococcal pneumonia. A family practitioner testified that she knew the standard of care for an orthopedist because she had taken ...References1. Taragin MI, Willett LR, Wilczek AP, Trout R, Carson JL. The influence of standard of care and severity of injury on the resolution of medical malpractice claims. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:780-4. Google Scholar2. Bovbjerg RR. Medical malpractice: folklore, facts, and future. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:788-91. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1993Volume 118, Issue 11Page: 908-909KeywordsChildrenFetusesHealth careOrthopedicsPneumoniaPregnancyThoraxUltrasound imaging ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 June 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
142P Quality-adjusted survival with ribociclib plus fulvestrant (R+F) versus placebo plus fulvestrant (P+F) in postmenopausal women (PMW) HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer (ABC) based on the MONALEESA-3 trial
Authors: G. Jerusalem, T. Delea, M. Martin Jimenez, M. De Laurentiis, A. Nusch, J.T. Beck, A. Chan, S-A. Im, P. Neven, A. Lonshteyn, D. Chandiwana, B. Lanoue, P. Fasching
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Renin Suppression
Authors: DONALD E. BUTKUS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Correction1 November 1975Renin SuppressionDONALD E. BUTKUS, M.D., LTC, MCDONALD E. BUTKUS, M.D., LTC, MCSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-5-737_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The paper by Fleming and associates in the July issue (Ann Intern Med 83:60-62, 1975) understates the possible role of volume repletion in contributing to the suppression of serum renin levels noted during the early period of potassium repletion in their patient (Figures 1 and 2, p. 61). During the initial period of potassium repletion, although external sodium balance was maintained, a positive balance of over 300 meq of potassium was attained with an increase in body weight of 1 kg.Potassium depleted states are accompanied by a reciprocal increase in intracellular sodium (1-3). Repletion of the...References1. COTLOVEHOLLIDAYSCHWARTZ EMR: Effects of electrolyte depletion and acid-base disturbance on muscle cations. Am J Physiol 167:665-675, 1951 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. LEAFSANTOS AR: Physiologic mechanisms in potassium deficiency. N Engl J Med 264:335-341, 1961 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. FLEARFLORENCE CT: Muscle biopsy in man: an index of cellular potassium? Nature (Lond) 199:156-158, 1963 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. CANNONFRAZIERHUGHES PLH: Sodium as a toxic ion in potassium deficiency. Metabolism 2:297:313, 1953 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. BRUNNERBAERSEALEY HLJ: The influence of potassium administration and of potassium deprivation on plasma renin in normal and hypertensive subjects. J Clin Invest 49:2128-2138, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BULLHILLMANCANNON MRP: Renin and aldosterone secretion in man as influenced by changes in electrolyte balance and blood volume. Circ Res 27:953-960, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Nephrology Service Fitzsimons Army Medical Center Denver, Colorado 80240 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1975Volume 83, Issue 5Page: 737-737KeywordsBody weightPotassiumSodium Issue Published: 1 November 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study supports causal effects of kidney function on blood pressure
Authors: Zhi Yu, Josef Coresh, Guanghao Qi, Morgan Grams, Eric Boerwinkle, Harold Snieder, Alexander Teumer, Cristian Pattaro, Anna Köttgen, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Adrienne Tin
Journal: Kidney International (2020)
Cereblon harnesses Myc-dependent bioenergetics and activity of CD8+ T lymphocytes
Authors: Rebecca S. Hesterberg, Matthew S. Beatty, Ying Han, Mario R. Fernandez, Afua A. Akuffo, William E. Goodheart, Chunying Yang, Shiun Chang, Christelle M. Colin, Aileen Y. Alontaga, Jessica M. McDaniel, Adam W. Mailloux, Julia M. R. Billington, Lanzhu Yue, Shonagh Russell, Robert J. Gillies, Sang Y. Yun, Muhammad Ayaz, Nicholas J. Lawrence, Harshani R. Lawrence, Xue-Zhong Yu, Jianing Fu, Lancia N. Darville, John M. Koomen, Xiubao Ren, Jane Messina, Kun Jiang, Timothy J. Garrett, Anjali M. Rajadhyaksha, John L. Cleveland, Pearlie K. Epling-Burnette
Journal: Blood (2020)
Comparative efficacy of gamma-irradiation for treatment of in-stent restenosis in saphenous vein graft versus native coronary artery in-stent restenosis: an intravascular ultrasound study
Authors: Marco T. Castagna, Gary S. Mintz, Javed M. Ahmed, Nell J. Weissman, Akiko Maehara, Andrew E. Ajani, Lowell F. Satler, William O. Suddath, Kenneth M. Kent, Augusto D. Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Identification of potentially undiagnosed patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease using machine learning applied to primary care data in the UK
Authors: Orla M. Doyle, Roald van der Laan, Marko Obradovic, Peter McMahon, Flora Daniels, Ashley Pitcher, Michael R. Loebinger
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTMLD) is a rare lung disease often missed due to a low index of suspicion and unspecific clinical presentation. This retrospective study was designed to characterise the prediagnosis features of NTMLD patients in primary care and to assess the feasibility of using machine learning to identify undiagnosed NTMLD patients. IQVIA Medical Research Data (incorporating THIN, a Cegedim Database), a UK electronic medical records primary care database was used. NTMLD patients were identified between 2003 and 2017 by diagnosis in primary or secondary care or record of NTMLD treatment regimen. Risk factors and treatments were extracted in the prediagnosis period, guided by literature and expert clinical opinion. The control population was enriched to have at least one of these features. 741 NTMLD and 112 784 control patients were selected. Annual prevalence rates of NTMLD from 2006 to 2016 increased from 2.7 to 5.1 per 100 000. The most common pre-existing diagnoses and treatments for NTMLD patients were COPD and asthma and penicillin, macrolides and inhaled corticosteroids. Compared to random testing, machine learning improved detection of patients with NTMLD by almost a thousand-fold with AUC of 0.94. The total prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed cases of NTMLD in 2016 was estimated to range between 9 and 16 per 100 000. This study supports the feasibility of machine learning applied to primary care data to screen for undiagnosed NTMLD patients, with results indicating that there may be a substantial number of undiagnosed cases of NTMLD in the UK.
An open-label phase 1/2a trial of a genetically modified rodent malaria parasite for immunization against <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> malaria
Authors: Isaie J. Reuling, António M. Mendes, Gerdie M. de Jong, Amanda Fabra-García, Helena Nunes-Cabaço, Geert-Jan van Gemert, Wouter Graumans, Luc E. Coffeng, Sake J. de Vlas, Annie S. P. Yang, Cynthia Lee, Yimin Wu, Ashley J. Birkett, Christian F. Ockenhouse, Rob Koelewijn, Jaap J. van Hellemond, Perry J. J. van Genderen, Robert W. Sauerwein, Miguel Prudêncio
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2020)

Clinical evaluation of genetically modified rodent malaria parasites for whole-sporozoite immunization against P. falciparum in healthy volunteers.
Automated screening of sickle cells using a smartphone-based microscope and deep learning
Authors: Kevin de Haan, Hatice Ceylan Koydemir, Yair Rivenson, Derek Tseng, Elizabeth Van Dyne, Lissette Bakic, Doruk Karinca, Kyle Liang, Megha Ilango, Esin Gumustekin, Aydogan Ozcan
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2020)

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major public health priority throughout much of the world, affecting millions of people. In many regions, particularly those in resource-limited settings, SCD is not consistently diagnosed. In Africa, where the majority of SCD patients reside, more than 50% of the 0.2-0.3 million children born with SCD each year will die from it; many of these deaths are in fact preventable with correct diagnosis and treatment. Here, we present a deep learning framework which can perform automatic screening of sickle cells in blood smears using a smartphone microscope. This framework uses two distinct, complementary deep neural networks. The first neural network enhances and standardizes the blood smear images captured by the smartphone microscope, spatially and spectrally matching the image quality of a laboratory-grade benchtop microscope. The second network acts on the output of the first image enhancement neural network and is used to perform the semantic segmentation between healthy and sickle cells within a blood smear. These segmented images are then used to rapidly determine the SCD diagnosis per patient. We blindly tested this mobile sickle cell detection method using blood smears from 96 unique patients (including 32 SCD patients) that were imaged by our smartphone microscope, and achieved ~98% accuracy, with an area-under-the-curve of 0.998. With its high accuracy, this mobile and cost-effective method has the potential to be used as a screening tool for SCD and other blood cell disorders in resource-limited settings.
Baclofen has a risk of encephalopathy in older adults receiving dialysis
Authors: Kianna J. Chauvin, Peter G. Blake, Amit X. Garg, Matthew A. Weir, Lavanya Bathini, Stephanie N. Dixon, Eric McArthur, Jessica M. Sontrop, Louise Moist, Richard B. Kim, Flory T. Muanda
Journal: Kidney International (2020)
76P Retrospective study about the prevalence of (TILs) tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in non-metastatic triple negative breast cancer patients and its prognostic value
Authors: A.M. Kamal, H.A. Elghazaly, M.M. El-Mahdy, A.M. Adel, N.M. Abdel-Kader
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
ERS/ESTS/EACTS/ESTRO guidelines for the management of malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Arnaud Scherpereel, Isabelle Opitz, Thierry Berghmans, Ioannis Psallidas, Markus Glatzer, David Rigau, Philippe Astoul, Servet Bölükbas, Jeanette Boyd, Johan Coolen, Charlotte De Bondt, Dirk De Ruysscher, Valerie Durieux, Corinne Faivre-Finn, Dean Fennell, Francoise Galateau-Salle, Laurent Greillier, Mir Ali Hoda, Walter Klepetko, Aude Lacourt, Phil McElnay, Nick A. Maskell, Luciano Mutti, Jean-Claude Pairon, Paul Van Schil, Jan P. van Meerbeeck, David Waller, Walter Weder, Giuseppe Cardillo, Paul Martin Putora
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

The European Respiratory Society (ERS)/European Society of Thoracic Surgeons (ESTS)/European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)/European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO) task force brought together experts to update previous 2009 ERS/ESTS guidelines on management of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), a rare cancer with globally poor outcome, after a systematic review of the 2009-2018 literature. The evidence was appraised using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. The evidence syntheses were discussed and recommendations formulated by this multidisciplinary group of experts. Diagnosis: pleural biopsies remain the gold standard to confirm the diagnosis, usually obtained by thoracoscopy but occasionally via image-guided percutaneous needle biopsy in cases of pleural symphysis or poor performance status. Pathology: standard staining procedures are insufficient in ∼10% of cases, justifying the use of specific markers, including BAP-1 and CDKN2A (p16) for the separation of atypical mesothelial proliferation from MPM. Staging: in the absence of a uniform, robust and validated staging system, we advise using the most recent 2016 8th TNM (tumour, node, metastasis) classification, with an algorithm for pre-therapeutic assessment. Monitoring: patient's performance status, histological subtype and tumour volume are the main prognostic factors of clinical importance in routine MPM management. Other potential parameters should be recorded at baseline and reported in clinical trials. Treatment: (chemo)therapy has limited efficacy in MPM patients and only selected patients are candidates for radical surgery. New promising targeted therapies, immunotherapies and strategies have been reviewed. Because of limited data on the best combination treatment, we emphasise that patients who are considered candidates for a multimodal approach, including radical surgery, should be treated as part of clinical trials in MPM-dedicated centres.
25 Pre-emptive therapy for cmv viremia in living donor liver transplant recipients: a single centre experience
Authors: K Nawaz, Y Abbas, M Salih, N Ullah, SN Shah
Journal: Gut (2017)

Background  CMV infection is among the most common complication after liver transplantation which may result in graft loss, survival and increased cost. There are two major strategies for CMV disease prevention after transplantation: preemptive therapy and universal prophylaxis. We present our cohort of recipients of Living Donor Liver Transplant (LDLT) with non-detectable CMV DNA pre-transplant, with moderate risk of CMV viremia (D+/R+, d-/R+), who were preemptively treated.  Aim  To determine whether preemptive strategy may be feasible approach in patients with moderate risk for CMV viremia in LDLT and its appropriateness for Acute Cellular Rejection(ACR), length of hospital stay and risk of developing other infection and all-cause mortality.  Method  In this retrospective cohort, 225 adults with moderate risk for CMV viremia who underwent LDLT at Shifa International Hospital from 29/4/2011 to 26/4/2016 were included. All recipients were checked for CMV viremia at day 7, patients with significant viremia (DNA >137 IU/ml) were treated for CMV preemptively. Non-viremic patients on day 7 were only re-checked if had deranged LFT on follow up.  Results  Out of 225 patients, 83 (36.8%) patients had detectable CMV DNA at day 7. Patients with higher pre-transplant MELD >18 had more chances of developing CMV viremia n=42 (50.6) than those with MELD   Conclusions  Pre-emptive CMV strategy may be an acceptable approach in patients with moderate risk of CMV viremia in resource constraint setting; however, this needs prospective randomised trials for validation.
Low-Grade Myofibroblastic Sarcoma Demonstrated on 99mTc-MDP Bone Scan and 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Wenxiu Hou, Minggang Su, Qianrui Li, Rong Tian
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

A 24-year-old woman with left hip pain for 4 months was admitted. Radiographs of the left hip showed a radiolucent lesion in the proximal femur. The lesion demonstrated hypointensity on T1-weighted and high intensity on T2-weighted fat saturated images. Tc-MDP bone scan and F-FDG PET/CT illustrated intense radiotracer accumulation at the osteolytic lesion. Postoperative pathology confirmed a low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (LGMS). LGMS is a rare neoplasm, which often occurred in the head and neck region. Our case suggested that LGMS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of proximal femur lesion on Tc-MDP bone scan and F-FDG PET/CT.
Prioritisation and the initiation of HCC surveillance in CHB patients: lessons to learn from the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Georgia Zeng, Upkar S Gill, Patrick T F Kennedy
Journal: Gut (2020)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Animal models of drug use have been employed for over 100 years to facilitate the identification of mechanisms governing human substance use and addiction. Most cross-species research on drug use/addiction examines behavioral overlap, but studies assessing neuro-molecular correspondence are lacking. Our study utilized transcriptome-wide data from the hippocampus and ventral tegmental area (VTA)/midbrain from a total of 35 human males with cocaine use disorder/controls and 49 male C57BL/6J cocaine/saline administering/exposed mice. We hypothesized that individual genes (differential expression) and systems of co-expressed genes (gene networks) would demonstrate appreciable overlap across mouse cocaine self-administration and human cocaine use disorder. We found modest, but significant associations between differentially expressed genes associated with cocaine self-administration (short access) and cocaine use disorder within meso-limbic circuitry, but non-robust associations with mouse models of acute cocaine exposure, (cocaine) context re-exposure and cocaine + context re-exposure. Investigating systems of co-expressed genes, we also found several validated gene networks with weak to moderate conservation between cocaine/saline self-administering mice and disordered cocaine users/controls. The most conserved hippocampal and VTA gene networks demonstrated substantial overlap (2,029 common genes) and included novel and previously implicated targets of cocaine use/addiction. Lastly, we conducted expression-based phenome-wide association studies of the nine <i>common</i> hub genes across conserved gene networks and found that they were associated with dopamine/serotonin function, cocaine self-administration and other relevant mouse traits. Overall, our study identified and characterized homologous transcriptional effects between mouse models of cocaine self-administration and human cocaine use disorder that may serve as a benchmark for future research.
ASYMPTOMATIC CIRRHOSIS IS COMMON IN BARIATRIC SURGICAL PATIENTS, ASSOCIATED WITH ADVERSE POSTOPERATIVE OUTCOMES AND CAN BE BETTER PREDICTED BY MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS RATHER THAN EXISTING NON-INVASIVE BIOMARKERS
Authors: N Dempster, K Souto, F Klimm, E Baldry, I Gerogiannis, A Tandon, G Tan, Cobbold Jfl., S Awad, R Gillies, B Sgromo, G P Aithal, I Macdonald, T James, E Fryer, J Ryan, I Iskander, L Hodson, D Damin, J Tomlinson
Journal: Hepatology (2019)
8P Characterization of immune microenvironment before and following anti-HER2 neoadjuvant therapy (NAT)
Authors: G. Griguolo, G. Serna, T. Pascual, R. Fasani, N. Chic, L. Paré, S. Pernas, M. Muñoz, M. Oliveira, M. Vidal, A. Llombart Cussac, J. Cortés, P. Galván, B. Bermejo, N. Martínez, R. López, S. Morales, P. Villagrasa, A. Prat, P. Nuciforo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
AN ARTICLE CONTRIBUTED TO AN ANNIVERSARY VOLUME IN HONOR OF DOCTOR JOSEPH HERSEY PRATT
Authors: Walter R. Steiner, Loftus L. Walton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Excerpt The first case of gonorrheal endocarditis in which the gonococcus was grown by blood culture, as well as by cultures from thrombi on the heart valves, was reported by Drs. Thayer and Blumer...
Clinical decision making: from theory to practice. Rationing by patient choice
Authors: D M Eddy
Journal: JAMA (1991)

RESOLVING our conflict about health care costs will require connecting value to cost.<sup>1,2</sup>Ideally, the connection should be made through individual decisions in the marketplace—each individual would be responsible for paying the financial cost of the health care services he or she chooses to receive. This would force each of us to weigh the value of those services (their benefits and harms) against the cost we would have to pay and would ensure that, both for the individual and for society as a whole, the value of health care would be worth its cost. Unfortunately, in medicine the connection between value and cost has been cut by some basic flaws in the medical marketplace, most notably third-party coverage, third-party advice, and uncertainty. Individuals do make decisions, but they are based on imperfect perceptions of the benefits, without appreciation of the true costs. The inevitable result is what we see
巨大バルサルバ洞動脈瘤破裂AR MRに対して,AVR,MVP,バルサルバ洞再建を行った一例
Authors: Matsuo Tatsuro, Koide Masaaki, Yamazaki Akira, Watanabe Kazumasa, Sugiura Tadahisa, Irabu Shin'ichiro, Oka Toshiaki, Harada Akiko
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Incidental Finding of Colon Carcinoma Related to High Uptake in 18F-PSMA-1007 PET
Authors: Ayça Arçay, Matthias Eiber, Thomas Langbein
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract We present a 78-year-old man with suspicion of prostate cancer due to a PSA of 200 ng/mL, who underwent 18 F-PSMA-1007 (prostate specific membrane antigen) PET/CT for primary staging. Besides heterogeneous uptake to the prostate, an increased PSMA uptake in the cecum was observed, located in the thickened cecal wall with suspicion of a secondary malignancy. Colonoscopic biopsy followed by hemicolectomy confirmed the diagnosis of colon adenocarcinoma. This case demonstrates the importance of bioptic workup of suspicious findings on PSMA PET/CT, which are unlikely to be related to prostate cancer as PSMA ligand uptake is not exclusively prostate cancer specific.
Physical Constraints on Epistasis
Authors: Kabir Husain, Arvind Murugan
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2020)

Abstract Living systems evolve one mutation at a time, but a single mutation can alter the effect of subsequent mutations. The underlying mechanistic determinants of such epistasis are unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the physical dynamics of a biological system can generically constrain epistasis. We analyze models and experimental data on proteins and regulatory networks. In each, we find that if the long-time physical dynamics is dominated by a slow, collective mode, then the dimensionality of mutational effects is reduced. Consequently, epistatic coefficients for different combinations of mutations are no longer independent, even if individually strong. Such epistasis can be summarized as resulting from a global nonlinearity applied to an underlying linear trait, that is, as global epistasis. This constraint, in turn, reduces the ruggedness of the sequence-to-function map. By providing a generic mechanistic origin for experimentally observed global epistasis, our work suggests that slow collective physical modes can make biological systems evolvable.