tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Host–microbiome interactions: the aryl hydrocarbon receptor as a critical node in tryptophan metabolites to brain signaling
Authors: Ning Ma, Ting He, Lee J. Johnston, Xi Ma
Journal: Gut Microbes (2020)

Tryptophan (Trp) is not only a nutrient enhancer but also has systemic effects. Trp metabolites signaling through the well-known aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) constitute the interface of microbiome-gut-brain axis. However, the pathway through which Trp metabolites affect central nervous system (CNS) function have not been fully elucidated. AhR participates in a broad variety of physiological and pathological processes that also highly relevant to intestinal homeostasis and CNS diseases. Via the AhR-dependent mechanism, Trp metabolites connect bidirectional signaling between the gut microbiome and the brain, mediated via immune, metabolic, and neural (vagal) signaling mechanisms, with downstream effects on behavior and CNS function. These findings shed light on the complex Trp regulation of microbiome-gut-brain axis and add another facet to our understanding that dietary Trp is expected to be a promising noninvasive approach for alleviating systemic diseases.
CHOICE OF RESECTION TECHNIQUE FOR COLORECTAL LESION: SHOULD WE USE ENDOSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OR BIOPSY OF THE LESION?
Authors: M Pioche, E Daire, J Rivory, T Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Colorectal neoplasias larger than 2 cm must be treated with a different technique according to their histology. The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of endoscopic characterization, non-directed and directed biopsy in predicting the histology.
Abstract 15971: Quality of Care for Patients With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome in China: Findings From Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-Acute Coronary Syndrome Project
Authors: Na Yang, Jing Liu, Jun Liu, Yongchen Hao, Sidney Smith, Yong Huo, Gregg Fonarow, Junbo Ge, Kathryn Taubert, Louise Morgan, Yaling Han, Changsheng Ma, Dong Zhao
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: A systematic evaluation of quality of care for patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) as well as the hospital-level variations in quality of care is l...
Ifosfamide and etoposide in advanced‐stage, relapsed or refractory primary cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas
Authors: A. Dangien, C. Ram‐Wolff, P. Brice, M. Battistella, M. Roelens, H. Moins‐Teisserenc, R. Peffault de Latour, S. Mourah, J.‐D. Bouaziz, C. Lebbé, M. Bagot, A. Masson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)
Summary of Updated Recommendations for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women
Authors: Leslie Cho, Melinda Davis, Islam Elgendy, Kelly Epps, Kathryn J. Lindley, Puja K. Mehta, Erin D. Michos, Margo Minissian, Carl Pepine, Viola Vaccarino, Annabelle Santos Volgman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Voriconazole and the Risk of Keratinocyte Carcinomas Among Lung Transplant Recipients in the United States
Authors: Monica E. D’Arcy, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Donna R. Rivera, Gregory P. Hess, Elizabeth K. Cahoon, Sarah T. Arron, Isaac Brownell, Edward W. Cowen, Ajay K. Israni, Matthew A. Triplette, Elizabeth L. Yanik, Eric A. Engels
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

The antifungal medication voriconazole is used to prevent and treat aspergillosis, a major cause of mortality among recipients of lung transplants (hereinafter referred to as lung recipients). Small studies suggest that voriconazole increases risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).To examine associations of voriconazole and other antifungal medications with risk of keratinocyte carcinomas (SCC and cutaneous basal cell carcinoma [BCC]) in lung recipients.This population-based cohort study included non-Hispanic white patients (n = 9599) who underwent lung transplant in the United States from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2016, identified through the national Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients with data linkable to pharmacy claims. Data were analyzed from March 1, 2018, to February 13, 2019.Antifungal medication use, including voriconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, and other antifungals, was ascertained from pharmacy claims and treated as a time-varying exposure (assessed every 30 days). Cumulative antifungal exposure was calculated as the total number of exposed months.Primary outcomes were the first SCC or BCC reported to the transplant registry by transplant centers. Follow-up began at transplant and ended at SCC or BCC diagnosis, transplant failure or retransplant, death, loss to follow-up, or December 31, 2016. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs) for each antifungal medication.Among the 9793 lung transplants in 9599 recipients included in the analysis, median age at transplant was 59 (interquartile range [IQR], 48-65) years, 5824 (59.5%) were male, and 5721 (58.4%) reported ever smoking. During a median follow-up of 3.0 (IQR, 1.4-5.0) years after transplant, 1031 SCCs (incidence, 322 per 10 000 person-years) and 347 BCCs (incidence, 101 per 10 000 person-years) were reported. Compared with lung recipients with no observed voriconazole use, those with 1 to 3 months of voriconazole use experienced increased AHR for SCC of 1.09 (95% CI, 0.90-1.31); 4 to 7 months, 1.42 (95% CI, 1.16-1.73); 8 to 15 months, 2.04 (95% CI, 1.67-2.50); and more than 15 months, 3.05 (95% CI, 2.37-3.91). Ever itraconazole exposure was associated with increased SCC risk (AHR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.00-1.45). For BCC, risk was not associated with voriconazole use but was increased with itraconazole use (AHR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.27-2.37) or posaconazole use (AHR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.00-2.41).In this study, voriconazole use was associated with increased SCC risk among lung recipients, especially after prolonged exposure. Further research evaluating the risk-benefit ratio of shorter courses or alternative medications in transplant recipients at high risk for SCC should be considered.
USEFULNESS OF NEAR-FOCUS MAGNIFICATION WITH NARROW-BAND IMAGING IN THE PREDICTION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION: A PROSPECTIVE TRIAL
Authors: JY Jang, JW Kim, YM Park, YW Chang
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims It has been shown that conventional white-light (WL) endoscopic findings often labeled as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated gastritis are poorly informative. Therefore, we investigated the performance of near focus (NF)-NBI, a novel simplified and modest magnifying endoscopy, for predicting H. pylori infection compared with WL endoscopy.
CHOLANGIOSCOPY-GUIDED RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION FOR BENIGN STRICTURE OF UNCOVERED SEMS
Authors: O Urban, P Falt, VD Zoundjiekpon
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

We present a case of female patient born 1941. She had a cholecystectomy more than 10 years ago with surgical CBD lesion treated by percutaneous insertion of two SEMS. During last 5 years she experienced several cholangitis requiring ERCP and biliary drainage by plastic stents due to SEMS obstruction. We performed intraductal radiofrequency ablation using Habib Endo HPB bipolar RFA catheter (setting 10W, duration 2 × 60 s). Spyglass DS was used for initial and post procedure stricture evaluation and removal of necrotic tissue in between two steps of the RFA. Patient is free of biliary obstruction during 3month follow up.
Need for Transparency and Reliable Evidence in Emergency Use Authorizations for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Therapies
Authors: Mike Z. Zhai, Carolyn T. Lye, Aaron S. Kesselheim
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

This Viewpoint discusses potential problems with the US Food and Drug Administration's emergency use authorization document allowing hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Low-Dose Aspirin Therapy for Chronic Stable Angina
Authors: Paul M. Ridker, JoAnn E. Manson, J. Michael Gaziano, Julie E. Buring, Charles H. Hennekens
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of low-dose aspirin in the primary prevention of myocardial infarction among patients with chronic stable angina. Design: A randomized, double-blind, trial. Pati...
COMPARISON BETWEEN ACCURACY OF FLEXIBLE NITINOL FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION(FNA) AND FINE NEEDLE BIOPSY(FNB) ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND (EUS) NEEDLES FOR SOLID PANCREATIC MASSES-RETROSPECTIVE BICENTRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: S Bota, M Razpotnik, M Kutilek, G Essler, J Weber-Eibel, A Maieron, M Peck-Radosavljevic
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims to investigate the accuracy of flexible nitinol FNA and EUS-FNB needle for pancreatic masses in 2 Austrian centers(Klagenfurt and St.Pölten).
Targeting dual signalling pathways in concert with immune checkpoints for the treatment of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Erik S Knudsen, Vishnu Kumarasamy, Sejin Chung, Amanda Ruiz, Paris Vail, Stephanie Tzetzo, Jin Wu, Ram Nambiar, Jared Sivinski, Shailender S Chauhan, Mukund Seshadri, Scott I Abrams, Jianmin Wang, Agnieszka K Witkiewicz
Journal: Gut (2020)

Objective This study exploits the intersection between molecular-targeted therapies and immune-checkpoint inhibition to define new means to treat pancreatic cancer. Design Patient-derived cell lines and xenograft models were used to define the response to CDK4/6 and MEK inhibition in the tumour compartment. Impacts relative to immunotherapy were performed using subcutaneous and orthotopic syngeneic models. Single-cell RNA sequencing and multispectral imaging were employed to delineate effects on the immunological milieu in the tumour microenvironment. Results We found that combination treatment with MEK and CDK4/6 inhibitors was effective across a broad range of PDX models in delaying tumour progression. These effects were associated with stable cell-cycle arrest, as well as the induction of multiple genes associated with interferon response and antigen presentation in an RB-dependent fashion. Using single-cell sequencing and complementary approaches, we found that the combination of CDK4/6 and MEK inhibition had a significant impact on increasing T-cell infiltration and altering myeloid populations, while potently cooperating with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Conclusions Together, these data indicate that there are canonical and non-canonical features of CDK4/6 and MEK inhibition that impact on the tumour and immune microenvironment. This combination-targeted treatment can promote robust tumour control in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND GUIDED GASTROJEJUNOSTOMY FOLLOWED BY ERCP TROUGH AXIOS STENT USING PEDIATRIC COLONOSCOPE
Authors: A Raiter, K Pawlak, K Kozłowska-Petriczko, J Petriczko, A Wiechowska-Kozłowska
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

The indication was adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head with duodenal infiltration, after ERCP (cholestasis). A standard endoscope was used to pass a guidewire and a catheter through the narrowing duodenal bulb to inject a contrast into the small intestine to endosonographic visualization of the Treitz ligament. Then, a gastrojejunostomy by Axios was created. After two weeks the patient without symptoms of gastrointestinal obstruction, presented signs of advanced cholestasis. The procedure of old plastic stent removal and SEMS implantation was performed through the lumen of Axios by pediatric colonoscope. Finally, Axios was removed. At 4th week without jaundince or gastrointestinal obstruction.
Effect of vandetanib on lung tumorigenesis in transgenic mice carrying activating EGFR mutation
Authors: Masahiro Osawa, Kadoaki Ohashi, Saburo Takata, Yoshiro Fujiwara, Nagio Takigawa, Masahiro Tabata, Minoru Takata, Mitsune Tanimoto, Katsuyuki Kiura
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

1126  Vandetanib is a dual inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) tyrosine kinase activities. Used as a single agent in clinical trials, vandetanib has shown substantial antitumor activity in refractory or recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer. We generated transgenic mice expressing the delE748-A752 mutant of mouse EGFR, which is equivalent to the delE746-A750 mutant found in lung-cancer patients, driven by the SP-C promoter (kindly provided by Dr Jeffrey Whitsett). The mice invariably developed multi-focal pulmonary adenocarcinomas of various sizes at 5 to 6 weeks of age and died from tumor progression about 2 months later, if left untreated. To investigate the effect of vandetanib on lung tumors induced by an activating EGFR mutation, the transgenic mice were treated with vandetanib. Strikingly, the tumors in transgenic mice at 7 weeks of age disappeared within 1 week after oral vandetanib treatment (5 mg/kg/day), and the level of phosphorylated EGFR was markedly reduced to the level in the lung tissue of the control mice. The median survival time in the vandetanib treatment group (28 weeks; n = 5) was significantly longer than that in the control group (15 weeks; n = 6) (log rank test, p
Multiorgan and Renal Tropism of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Victor G. Puelles, Marc Lütgehetmann, Maja T. Lindenmeyer, Jan P. Sperhake, Milagros N. Wong, Lena Allweiss, Silvia Chilla, Axel Heinemann, Nicola Wanner, Shuya Liu, Fabian Braun, Shun Lu, Susanne Pfefferle, Ann S. Schröder, Carolin Edler, Oliver Gross, Markus Glatzel, Dominic Wichmann, Thorsten Wiech, Stefan Kluge, Klaus Pueschel, Martin Aepfelbacher, Tobias B. Huber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Multiorgan and Renal Tropism of SARS-CoV-2 In this autopsy series, the authors found that SARS-CoV-2 has an organotropism beyond the respiratory tract, including the kidneys, heart, liver, and brai...
Potent and isoform-selective ATAD2 bromodomain inhibitor with unprecedented chemical structure and mode of action
Authors: A E Fernandez-Montalvan, M Berger, B Kuropka, S J Koo, V Badock, J Weiske, S J Holton, A Chaikuad, L Diaz-Saez, J Bennett, O Federov, K Huber, P Centrella, M A Clark, C E Dumelin, E A Sigel, H S Soutter, D M Troast, Y Zhang, J W Cuozzo, A D Keefe, D Roche, V Rodeschini, J Huebner, H Weinmann, I V Hartung, M Gorjanacz
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)
EUS-GUIDED INTRAHEPATIC ACCESS FOR RETROGRADE, ANTEGRADE OR TRANSGASTRIC BILIARY DRAINAGE: INDICATIONS, EFFICACY AND SAFETY FROM AN 8-YEAR TERTIARY CENTRE EXPERIENCE
Authors: G Vanella, M Bronswijk, H van Malenstein, W Laleman, S van der Merwe
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Intrahepatic access for EUS-guided biliary drainage (IH-EBD) still lacks convincing evidence on advantages and risks over comparators. We revised the 8-year experience of a tertiary, academic, referral centre.
Down-regulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1 a (HIF-1a) expression, through mtor pathway, by letrozole (Femara (R)) in ER plus ve breast cancer patients
Authors: D Generali, A Bemuti, S B Fox, M P Brizzi, M Milani, S Bonardi, L Dogliotti, A L Harris, A Bottini
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2007)
En bloc removal of a colonic polyp using progressive polyp contraction with underwater endoscopic mucosal resection: the PP-CUE technique
Authors: Ralph F. Lee, Tatsuma Nomura, Yoshikazu Hayashi, Masahiro Okada, Hironori Yamamoto
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (uEMR) is an injectionless form of EMR that allows intestinal adenomas to be safely resected without creating a submucosal cushion [1]. Proponents of uEMR cite safety and effectiveness of the technique, as well as speed and higher en bloc and R0 resection rates [2]. Furthermore, mucosal lesions contract underwater, facilitating en bloc capture of lesions larger than the snare opening [3].
COVID-19 and endoscopy: implications for healthcare and digestive cancer screening
Authors: Ian M. Gralnek, Cesare Hassan, Mario Dinis-Ribeiro
Journal: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology (2020)

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is affecting and changing the daily practice of gastrointestinal endoscopy worldwide. To protect patients and endoscopy unit personnel, endoscopy units have had to postpone a large proportion of endoscopic procedures. These delays might have an effect on the screening for and surveillance of digestive cancers.
EUS-FNA AND ERCP IN THE PRESURGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF MALIGNANT BILIARY STENOSIS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: CM Gesuale, E Grasso, E Troncone, OA Paoluzi, A Anselmo, T Manzia, G Tisone, G Monteleone, GDV Blanco
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) with fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has been proposed in addition to cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for tissue sampling in the diagnosis of a malignant from non-malignant biliary stenosis. Aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic power of EUS-FNA alone and in combination with ERCP in biliary stenosis.
ROLE OF ERCP AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: A NATIONWIDE STUDY IN KOREA
Authors: JK Lee, SB Yoon, CN Paik, DK Jang, WJ Yoon, JW Kim, JY Jang
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Biliary complications are the most common complications following liver transplantation (LT). Endoscopic management is considered the reference standard treatment for this condition. However, data on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) following are not known in Korea.
PROGNOSTIC INFLUENCE OF ADDITIONAL SURGERY FOR GASTRIC CANCERS WITH SUBMUCOSAL INVASION CLASSIFIED INTO NON-CURATIVE RESECTION AFTER ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION IN ELDERLY PATIENTS
Authors: Y Takagi, K Yamamoto, T Michida, Y Tokuda, S Hiyama, N Tatsumi, T Ito
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims In Japanese gastric cancer treatment guideline (2018), after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), gastric cancer with submucosal invasion which histological findings reveal SM2 (≧500 µm), lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, positive vertical margin, ulcerative finding, larger tumor size (≧3 cm), or undifferentiated type is classified into non-curative resection, eCuraC2. In eCuraC2, additional surgery with lymph node dissection is recommended, but additional surgery may be excessive, especially for elderly patients with comorbidities.
NEED FOR COLORECTAL SURGERY IN EPITELIAL LESIONS RESECTED BY ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION. RESULTS FROM A SPANISH MULTICENTER COHORT
Authors: JA Anta, ÁC Ruiz, AH de Tejada Echanojauregui, FR Zabala, FM Aguinaga, PJR Rodriguez, EA Arbizu, J De La Peña García, ÁT Lantarón, JR Sánchez, JS García, H Uchima, AA Tenorio, DG Romero, JBD Tasende, JCM Gabriel
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims To evaluate the necessity for surgery after colorectal ESD. To compare the need for surgery between en bloc ESD and piecemeal-hybrid ESD, and to analyze other possible factors related.
KRAS or BRAF mutations cause hepatic vascular cavernomas treatable with MAP2K–MAPK1 inhibition
Authors: Harish Palleti Janardhan, Xiuling Meng, Karen Dresser, Lloyd Hutchinson, Chinmay M. Trivedi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2020)

Human hepatic vascular cavernomas, the most common benign tumor of the liver, were described in the mid-1800s, yet the mechanisms for their formation and effective treatments remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate gain-of-function mutations in KRAS or BRAF genes within liver endothelial cells as a causal mechanism for hepatic vascular cavernomas. We identified gain-of-function mutations in KRAS or BRAF genes in pathological liver tissue samples from patients with hepatic vascular cavernomas. Mice expressing these human KRASG12D or BRAFV600E mutations in hepatic endothelial cells recapitulated the human hepatic vascular cavernoma phenotype of dilated sinusoidal capillaries with defective branching patterns. KRASG12D or BRAFV600E induced “zipper-like” contiguous expression of junctional proteins at sinusoidal endothelial cell–cell contacts, switching capillaries from branching to cavernous expansion. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of the endothelial RAS–MAPK1 signaling pathway rescued hepatic vascular cavernoma formation in endothelial KRASG12D- or BRAFV600E-expressing mice. These results uncover a major cause of hepatic vascular cavernomas and provide a road map for their personalized treatment.
Penile calciphylaxis: A retrospective case-control study
Authors: Colleen Gabel, Teja Chakrala, Radhika Shah, Melissa J. Danesh, Allison S. Dobry, Anna Cristina Garza-Mayers, Lauren N. Ko, Emily Nguyen, Jessica St. John, Andrew C. Walls, Sagar U. Nigwekar, Philip I. Song, Daniela Kroshinsky
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Common variants at 6q22 and 17q21 are associated with intracranial volume (vol 44, pg 539, 2012)
Authors: M A Ikram, M Fornage, A V Smith, S Seshadri, R Schmidt, S Debette, H A Vrooman, S Sigurdsson, S Ropele, H R Taal, D O Mook-Kanamori, L H Coker, Jr Lwt., W J Niessen, A L DeStefano, A Beiser, A P Zijdenbos, M Struchalin, Jr Jcr., F Rivadeneira, A G Uitterlinden, D S Knopman, Hartikainen A-L., C E Pennell, E Thiering, Steegers Eap., H Hakonarson, J Heinrich, L J Palmer, Jarvelin M-R., M I McCarthy, Grant Sfa., B St Pourcain, N J Timpson, G D Smith, U Sovio, M A Nalls, R Au, A Hofman, H Gudnason, A van der Lugt, T B Harris, W M Meeks, M W Vernooij, M A van Buchem, D Catellier, Jaddoe Vwv., V Gudnason, B G Windham, P A Wolf, C M van Duijn, Jr Mth., H Schmidt, L J Launer, Breteler Mmb., C DeCarli, Egg Egg., Genomic Char.
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
RECURRENCE FOLLOWING COMPLETE ERADICATION OF INTESTINAL METAPLASIA OF BARRETT´S ESOPHAGUS AFTER ENDOSCOPIC THERAPY IN A SPANISH REFERRAL CENTER
Authors: GM Villarejo, JM Esteban Lopez-Jamar, M Aparicio Cabezudo, DO Quintanar, MV Romero, JP de la Serna Bueno, LG Pravia, E Rey Diaz-Rubio
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Endoscopic Therapy of Barrett´s esophagus (BE) with Radiofrecuency Ablation (RFA) and Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR) is effective to achieve complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia (CEIM). Long-term rate of CEIM is not establish longer than 5 years so surveillance in these patients is unclear. Studies report a 20% recurrence rate of Intestinal Metaplasia (IM) after 2-3 years of CEIM. There are not cases published with Dysplasia or cancer after 4 years of CEIM.
CHOLANGIOSCOPIC FOLLOW-UP OF A SURGICALLY RESECTED INTRAHEPATIC BILIARY TYPE INTRADUCTAL PAPILLARY MUCINOUS NEOPLASM (BT-IPMN)
Authors: A Sioulas, Z Kravari, S Pagkratis, K Papadaki, G Tzimas, I Scotiniotis
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

A 54-year-old woman with episodes of acute cholangitis secondary to a mucus containing liver cyst communicating with the biliary system, underwent right hepatectomy (segments IVb-VIII) with hepaticojejunostomy to the common hepatic duct.