tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14209: Association Between Atrial Septal Defects and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Premature Infants
Authors: Christoph P Hornik, Kevin D Hill, Jennifer S Li, Matthew Laughon, Stevie Rowe, Reese Clark, P Brian Smith
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality affecting 20,000 infants in the United States yearly. Known BPD risk factors include prematurity, respiratory support, oxygen use, and the presence of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). PDA increases BPD risk due to increased pulmonary blood flow which also occurs in the presence of an atrial septal defect (ASD). The extent to which an ASD impacts the risk of BPD is largely unknown. Hypothesis: Evaluate the association between ASD and BPD risk in premature infants. Methods: We used electronic medical record data from &gt;950,000 infants in 362 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the US managed by Pediatrix Medical Group (2004 - 2013) to identify infants 24-30 weeks gestational age (GA) and &lt;1250 g birth weight (BW). We excluded infants with major anomalies including heart defects other than ASD or PDA. We defined BPD as the need for supplemental oxygen or respiratory support continuously from corrected GA 36-0 to 36-6 weeks. We predicted risk of BPD at 6 postnatal ages (1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days) using the NICHD Neonatal Research Network BPD risk calculator. We then developed separate logistic regression models conditioned on NICU center to evaluate the association between ASD and BPD adjusting for baseline BPD risk at the 6 time points. We repeated each model controlling for therapeutic interventions (PDA ligation, diuretics, pre- and postnatal steroids). Results: We identified 36,842 infants; 1257 (3%) had an ASD. Median GA and BW were 27 weeks (25th, 75th %ile 26, 29) and 940 g (765, 1091); 50% were male. BPD was more common in infants with ASD [593/1257 (47%) vs. 10,739/35,585 (30%), p&lt;0.001]. Adjusted odds of BPD were higher in infants with ASD (Table). Conclusions: A diagnosis of ASD was associated with BPD risk in premature infants . Further studies should determine the impact of ASD size, pulmonary blood flow and resistance, and right ventricular compliance on the risk of developing BPD.
The importance of endothelial dysfunction in resistance artery remodelling and cardiovascular risk
Authors: Stefano Masi, Georgios Georgiopoulos, Martina Chiriacò, Guido Grassi, Gino Seravalle, Carmine Savoia, Massimo Volpe, Stefano Taddei, Damiano Rizzoni, Agostino Virdis
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2019)

The relationship between resistance artery remodelling and endothelial function remains unknown. In this study, we assessed (i) the capacity of endothelial function and nitric oxide (NO) availability to provide more information on the severity of resistance artery remodelling than common cardiovascular risk factors in subjects at low or high cardiovascular risk; and (ii) differences between patterns of resistance artery remodelling associated with deficit of NO availability and with exposure to cardiovascular risk factors.All analyses were conducted on the microvascular data set of the Italian Society for Arterial Hypertension (SIIA) that includes 356 patients with measures of small resistance arteries remodelling acquired with pressure or wire myography. Information on endothelial function and NO availability were also available in 116 patients. The European Heart Score (HS) was used to define the total cardiovascular risk of each patient. Endothelial function was inversely related with the severity of the resistance artery remodelling, and this association remained significant after adjustment for the HS. By contrast, the HS lost its significant association with the media-to-lumen (M/L) ratio and the media cross-sectional area after adjustment for endothelial function. The strength of these associations was similar in subjects at high and low cardiovascular risk. The addition of endothelial function and NO availability to the HS significantly improved the identification of subjects at more and less severe resistance artery remodelling. A severe deficit of NO availability was associated with hypertrophic remodelling, while a higher HS was more clearly associated with eutrophic remodelling.Resistance artery endothelial function and NO availability might represent important factors involved in resistance artery remodelling, independently from cardiovascular risk factor exposure.
FRI-391-Biliary calprotectin, lactoferrin and dimeric pyruvate kinase after liver transplantation are markers for biliary damage and predict graft survival
Authors: Conrad Rauber, Miriam Awad, Ronald Koschny, Peter Sauer, Arianeb Mehrabi, Philip Gath, Karl Heinz Weiss, Daniel Gotthardt, Christian Rupp
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) in invasive breast cancer (IBC) subtypes: Outcomes according to pathological complete response (pCR) and proliferation index (PI) of residual tumor (RT).
Authors: Antonella Ferro, Renza Triolo, Orazio Caffo, Chiara Trentin, Alessia Caldara, Claudio Eccher, Mattia Barbareschi, Enzo Galligioni, Mariachiara Dipasquale
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e12027 Background: The outcomes of IBC pts who received NC could be different by subtypes. Methods: From 2000 to 2014 we treated 228 II-III stage IBC pts with NC.We recorded baseline features,type of NC and surgery (S), pCR (defined as the absence of invasive cells in the breast and the lymph nodes regardless of DCIS). Population consisted of: Luminal A (LA): 4.8%; Luminal B (LB): 27.2%; Luminal HER2; (LHER2): 25.4%; HER2+: 11.4%; Triple Negative (TN): 17.5%; Unknown: 13.6%. pCR and survival outcomes also on the basis of both pre- and post- NC Ki67 levels were assessed. Results: Median age was 50 yrs (r. 25-75). The NC consisted of an anthracyclines (A)→taxanes (T) in all HER2- (151 pts), associated with weekly carboplatin (C) in a few cases (9) of TN and of T+ trastuzumab (H) ± A (32 ) or C (36 pts) in HER2+ disease. Only 8 pts did not receive S: 5 for distant progression disease (PD) and 3 because still on NC. Quadrantectomy was performed in 127 pts (56%). pCR was achieved in 52 pts (23%) with further 4 pts showing a RT ≤ 1 mm. All but 21 HER2+ pts (89) received H obtaining pCR in 39.7% of cases regardless chemotherapy type (A-based 35.5% vs C- 43.7%). Seven of 9 pts receiving C addition underwent S with pCR in all but 2 cases. The median Fup was 52 ms (r.1-182 ms). The 5y-RFS and OS were higher in whom achieved pCR than those did no (RFS 93.8 vs 67.8%; p = 0.001 and OS 95.8 vs 76.0%; p = 0.007). Median Ki67 in pretreated core biopsy was 40 compared to 30% in post-NC RT. Pts with high ( > 30%) post-NC PI showed significantly higher risk for relapse (5y-RFS 49.3%; p = 0.001) and death (5yOS 56.4%; p = 0.007) compared with pts with < 15% (RFS 93.6 and OS 89.6%) or >15-30 Ki67 levels (RFS 73.0 and OS 82.6%). Conclusions: The pCR rate was significantly higher in aggressive Subtypes (HER2+ and TN) than luminals. Pts achieving pCR showed better RFS and OS compared to no pCR pts. Interestingly high pre-NC PI seems to predict the possibility obtaing pCR, while post-NC PI seems to be of prognostic value in pts who do not receive pCR. Relationship between pCR and Subtypes, ki67 and PD. LA (%) LB (%) LHER2 (%) HER2+ TN (%) Median Ki67 PD (%) pCR 0 8.2 31.0 52.0 36.4 47.4 5.8 No pCR 100 91.8 69.0 48.0 63.6 38.1 34.3 p Value <0.0001 < 0.0001 <0.0001
Three-dimensional Elastic Augmented-reality Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy Using Hyperaccuracy Three-dimensional Reconstruction Technology: A Step Further in the Identification of Capsular Involvement
Authors: Francesco Porpiglia, Enrico Checcucci, Daniele Amparore, Matteo Manfredi, Federica Massa, Pietro Piazzolla, Diego Manfrin, Alberto Piana, Daniele Tota, Enrico Bollito, Cristian Fiori
Journal: European Urology (2019)
Multivariate survival analysis of merkel cell carcinoma in Florida adults: An analysis from a population-based cancer data registry (1981-2009).
Authors: Kevin Joseph Moore, Erin Dunn, Feng Miao, Tulay Koru-Sengul
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20024 Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an uncommon yet highly aggressive neuroendocrine neoplasm of the skin. Incidence of MCC has increased over the past few decades. We report sociodemographic and survival data of MCC in adult ( > = 18 yrs) Floridians to identify the disparities between gender, racial, ethnic, socioeconomic (SES) groups, and mortality. Methods: The Florida Cancer Data System (1981-2009) was linked with US census to explore median survival and 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates by sociodemographics. Survival was compared by gender, race, ethnicity, and SES. Survival was modeled with multivariate Cox regression to calculate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Overall survival is calculated by the elapsed time from MCC diagnosis to death or last contact for living patients. Results: Of the 1,951 patients diagnosed with MCC, the majority was male (66.8%), White (99%), never smoked (40%), middle-high/highest SES (66%), living in urban (96%) and had Medicare (60.1%). Overall median survival was 2.1 yrs (95%CI:1.9-2.3) where Blacks had better survival (4.6;0.2-10.3) than Whites (2.1;1.9-2.3). Overall 5-year survival rate was 21% (18-23) with higher rates for Blacks (36%;6-69) than Whites (20%; 18-23). However, 5-year survival rates were comparable between males (19%;17-22) and females (23%;19-28) and across lowest (19%), middle-low (20%), middle-high (21%), highest (22%) SES. Although not statistically significant, Blacks showed better survival than Whites (HR = [0.67];0.29-1.58), and Other races ([0.44];0.27-0.70) demonstrated statistically significant better survival than Whites. Females had statistically significant better survival than males ([0.84];0.73-0.96). Former smokers had better survival than those who had never smoked ([0.87];0.75-1.02). Conclusions: In Florida, it is evident that there are clear MCC survival disparities across genders, ethnicities, races, smoking status, and SES levels. By identifying which groups carry the largest MCC burden, we can establish group-specific screening efforts and prevention programs.
Prognostic impact of earwax-type determinant ABCC11/MRP8 polymorphism in adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 for non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Tomoshi Tsuchiya, Junichi Arai, Keitaro Matsumoto, Takuro Miyazaki, Naoya Yamasaki, Takeshi Nagayasu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e18508 Background: Postoperative 1-year administration of S-1, an oral derivative of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), was shown to be feasible in lung cancer. Here we examined the five-year survival rates of postoperative patients treated with S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy, and analyzed the prognostic impact of clinicopathological factors including 5-FU pathway enzymes. Methods: The data of 50 patients with curatively resected pathological stage IB-IIIA NSCLC, who were treated with S-1 postoperatively, were analyzed. The prognostic impact of 22 clinicopathological factors including EGFR and KRAS mutations, and expression of the 5-FU pathway enzymes thymidylate synthase (TS), dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), and orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT) were evaluated. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), 538G > A, (rs17822931) of ABCC11/MRP8, which encodes a 5-FU-excretion enzyme that is known as earwax type determinant, was also evaluated. Results: Patients comprised 28 stage IB, 10 stage IIA, 5 stage IIB and 7 stage IIIA disease. Median follow-up time was 66.2 months. The 5-year overall and relapse-free survival rates were 72.5% and 67.5%, respectively. Performance status (PS) of ≥ 1, lymphatic vessel invasion, blood vessel invasion, and the A/A type of SNP538, which is responsible for dry earwax type, were significantly associated with shorter relapse-free survivals.In 34 patients who showed a relative performance of 70% or more for chemotherapy, multivariate survival analysis indicated significant hazard ratios only for the A/A type of the SNP538 (p = 0.007). Conclusions: S-1 has sufficient power as an adjuvant chemotherapy. However, its effect might be small in the dry earwax type patient group in an adjuvant setting.
Impact of comorbidity on prognosis in patients with small cell lung cancer: A retrospective analysis.
Authors: Annette Dieing, Ernst Spaeth-Schwalbe, Rainer Muche, Christian Wilfried Scholz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e18556 Background: Patients (pts) with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) often suffer from relevant comorbidity. In addition, they frequently present with a compromised performance status (PS). Outside of clinical trials, it is assumed that therapeutic regimens are often adapted due to these factors. To evaluate the actual impact on treatment intensity and prognosis, we performed a retrospective analysis on pts with SCLC treated at two cancer centers in Berlin, Germany from 2008 to 2014. Methods: 168 pts with small cell lung cancer were analyzed regarding ECOG-PS and comorbidity at diagnosis, 1stline therapy and overall survival (OS). Comorbidity was assessed by the cumulative illness rating scale (CIRS). Chemotherapy was graded as reduced or full dose, the latter defined as ≥ 4 cycles standard dose cis- or carboplatin plus etoposid. Results: Median age was 69 years, 79% of pts had extensive SCLC, median CIRS score was 8. Median OS for all pts was 8.1 months. OS was significantly longer for pts with ECOG 0 or 1 (n = 42) i.e. 13.0 months, versus 7.0 months for pts with ECOG ≥ 2 (n = 124) (p = 0.001). No significant OS difference was seen in pts with low ( ≤ 6; n = 56) versus high ( > 6; n = 112) CIRS score: 8.4 and 7.7 months, respectively (p = 0.270). Full dose chemotherapy was applied to 43% (72 pts) of the entire cohort. OS with full dose therapy was 13.3 months, and 4.1 months with reduced dose (p < 0.001). Pts with ECOG 0 or 1 received significantly more often full dose (24 of 42pts = 57%) than pts with ECOG ≥ 2 (47 of 124 pts = 38%) (p = 0.290). However, regarding comorbidity there was no significant difference in the applied therapy: full dose in 38% (21 of 56) of pts with low CIRS and 46% (51 of 112) of pts with high CIRS (p = 0.321). Conclusions: Unexpectedly, in our analysis preexisting comorbidity, did not impact on OS or treatment intensity. In contrast, ECOG-performance status at diagnosis had a significant prognostic impact. We conclude that clinically severity of the malignant disease, reflected in PS at diagnosis, is dominating prognosis over preexisting factors.
THU-412-Iceland may already have reached the WHO 2030 targets for diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis C virus infection: Results from the treatment as prevention for hepatitis C (Trap HepC) program
Authors: Sigurdur Olafsson, Ragnheidur H. Fridriksdottir, Thorarinn Tyrfingsson, Valgerdur Runarsdottir, Ingunn Hansdottir, Ottar M. Bergmann, Einar S. Björnsson, Birgir Johannsson, Bryndis Sigurdardottir, Arthur Love, Gudrun Sigmundsdottir, Kamilla S Josefsdottir, Ubaldo Benitez Hernandez, Thorvardur Jon Love, Maria Heimisdottir, Magnús Gottfredsson
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
FRI-164-Prognostic value of various liver scoring systems in cirrhotic chronic hepatitis B patients with and without tenofovir disoproxil fumarate treatment
Authors: Jonggi Choi, Ken Liu, An Le, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Stephen L. Chan, Mindie Nguyen, Young-Suk Lim, Grace Lai-Hung Wong
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
THU-122-Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir ± ribavirin for retreatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection and advanced fibrosis failing to a previous DAA combination regimen
Authors: Giuseppina Brancaccio, Silvia Martini, Alessia Ciancio, Riccardo Volpes, Marco Distefano, Mario Masarone, Vincenzo Messina, Arturo Montineri, Stefano Brillanti, Marco Biolato, Chiara Dell’isola, Raffaella Lionetti, Marzia Montalbano, Antonino Picciotto, Salvatore Sollima, Chiara Taibi, Elisabetta Teti, Claudio Ucciferri, Ernesto Claar, Paolo Cirillo, Giovanni Battista Gaeta
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
THU-134-Clinical and virological characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis C and failure to voxilaprevir/velpatasvir/sofosbuvir treatment
Authors: Julia Dietz, Adolfo de Salazar, Johannes Vermehren, Dolores Merino, Julian Schulze zur Wiesch, Magdalena Lara, Maria Josefa Rodriguez Pardo, Velia Chiara Di Maio, Stefania Paolucci, Elisabetta Degasperi, Heinz Zoller, Juan Ignacio, Arenas Ruiz-Tapiador, Rudolf E. Stauber, Blanca Figueruela, Maria Buti, Pietro Lampertico, Stefan Zeuzem, Francesca Ceccherini Silberstein, Federico Garcia Garcia, Christoph Sarrazin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Point-of-Care Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Retinal Detachment, Vitreous Hemorrhage, and Vitreous Detachment in the Emergency Department
Authors: Shadi Lahham, Inna Shniter, Maxwell Thompson, Dana Le, Tushank Chadha, Thomas Mailhot, Tarina Lee Kang, Alan Chiem, Stephanie Tseeng, John C. Fox
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

Ocular symptoms represent approximately 2% to 3% of all emergency department (ED) visits. These disease processes may progress to permanent vision loss if not diagnosed and treated quickly. Use of ocular point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) may be effective for early and accurate detection of ocular disease.To perform a large-scale, multicenter study to determine the utility of POCUS for diagnosing retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, and vitreous detachment in the ED.A prospective diagnostic study was conducted at 2 academic EDs and 2 county hospital EDs from February 3, 2016, to April 30, 2018. Patients who were eligible for inclusion were older than 18 years; were English- or Spanish-speaking; presented to the ED with ocular symptoms with concern for retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, or vitreous detachment; and underwent an ophthalmologic consultation that included POCUS. Patients with ocular trauma or suspicion for globe rupture were excluded. The accuracy of the ultrasonographic diagnosis was compared with the criterion standard of the final diagnosis of an ophthalmologist who was masked to the POCUS findings. Seventy-five unique emergency medicine attending physicians, resident physicians, and physician assistants performed ocular ultrasonography.Point-of-care ultrasonography performed by an emergency medicine attending physician, resident physician, or physician assistant.Sensitivity and specificity of POCUS in identifying retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, and vitreous detachment in patients presenting to the ED with ocular symptoms.Two hundred twenty-five patients were enrolled. Of these, the mean age was 51 years (range, 18-91 years) and 135 (60.0%) were men; ophthalmologists diagnosed 47 (20.8%) with retinal detachment, 54 (24.0%) with vitreous hemorrhage, and 34 (15.1%) with vitreous detachment. Point-of-care ultrasonography had an overall sensitivity of 96.9% (95% CI, 80.6%-99.6%) and specificity of 88.1% (95% CI, 81.8%-92.4%) for diagnosis of retinal detachment. For diagnosis of vitreous hemorrhage, the sensitivity of POCUS was 81.9% (95% CI, 63.0%-92.4%) and specificity was 82.3% (95% CI, 75.4%-87.5%). For vitreous detachment, the sensitivity was 42.5% (95% CI, 24.7%-62.4%) and specificity was 96.0% (95% CI, 91.2%-98.2%).These findings suggest that emergency medicine practitioners can use POCUS to accurately identify retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, and vitreous detachment. Point-of-care ultrasonography is not intended to replace the role of the ophthalmologist for definitive diagnosis of these conditions, but it may serve as an adjunct to help emergency medicine practitioners improve care for patients with ocular symptoms.
Evaluation of a routine point-of-care intervention for early infant diagnosis of HIV: an observational study in eight African countries
Authors: Flavia Bianchi, Jennifer Cohn, Emma Sacks, Rebecca Bailey, Jean-Francois Lemaire, Rhoderick Machekano, Valery Nzima Nzima, Patricia Fassinou Ekouévi, Mafusi Makone, Collins O Odhiambo, Addmore Chadambuka, Thembie E Masuku, Manuel C Sabonete, Angelique R Fundi
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2019)
Use of Static Imaging as a Substitute for Conventional Dynamic Imaging for Salivagrams in Children
Authors: Ha Wu, Ruifang Zhao, Xiaofei Zhao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

Objective Salivagrams are commonly used for detecting pulmonary aspiration. However, conventional dynamic imaging is relatively time-consuming and could be difficult to perform in children with poor compliance. We analyzed the characteristics of conventional dynamic imaging to obtain a simple protocol suitable for use in children. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of salivagram data from 1163 patients (783 males, 380 females; age, 1 month to 9.0 years; mean age, 5.7 months) obtained in the past 4.5 years (January 2014 to June 2018). The various timepoint images were used for diagnosis. The positivity rate, missed diagnosis rate, and sensitivity were calculated and compared. Results Dynamic imaging revealed 353 cases of pulmonary aspiration (248 males, 105 females; age, 1 month to 4.5 years; mean age, 6.2 months). The positivity rate was 30.4% (353/1163), and 95.8% (338/353) of patients presented with continuous positive images after pulmonary aspiration. Only 4.2% (15/353) of positive cases showed clearance of pulmonary aspiration. The positivity rates were 11.8%, 18.2%, 21.9%, 25.0%, 27.0%, and 29.2% at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes, respectively. About 4.2% (15/353) of positive cases on earlier images showed clearance of pulmonary aspiration on later images, which indicate both early 15-minute and later 30-minute images were necessary. Conclusions Two static images acquired at 15 and 30 minutes might be an effective alternative to conventional salivagram, which mandates dynamic imaging.
Lineage-Specific Alterations in Gynecologic Neoplasms with Choriocarcinomatous Differentiation: Implications for Origin and Therapeutics
Authors: Deyin Xing, Gang Zheng, Aparna Pallavajjala, J. Kenneth Schoolmeester, Yuehua Liu, Lisa Haley, Yan Hu, Li Liu, Lisa Logan, Yuan Lin, Kathryn E. Pearce, Christopher A. Sattler, Ya Chea Tsai, Russell Vang, Chien-Fu Hung, T.-C. Wu, Brigitte M. Ronnett
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Choriocarcinoma is most commonly gestational (androgenetic or biparental) but can be of germ cell origin or can develop as a component of a somatic neoplasm (genetically related to the patient). The latter type are aggressive neoplasms for which the underlying genetic alterations are not well characterized.To investigate the relationship between the different components of somatic neoplasms with choriocarcinomatous elements, the genetic differences between gestational and nongestational tumors, and identify potential targetable alterations, we analyzed 23 samples from 11 tumors, including five gynecologic-type somatic neoplasms with choriocarcinomatous differentiation (two to three different components each) and six pure choriocarcinomas, for somatic mutations, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and PD-L1 expression.In mixed tumors, gynecologic-type carcinoma components demonstrated lineage-characteristic and lineage-specific alterations, with choriocarcinomatous components sharing some of these as well as demonstrating novel alterations, supporting a clonal relationship with divergent differentiation of the choriocarcinoma from the somatic carcinoma. TP53 mutation only occurred in nongestational tumors. Diffuse PD-L1 expression was characteristic of choriocarcinoma in both pure and mixed tumors but not seen in the gynecologic-type carcinoma components.Given that the somatic carcinomatous and choriocarcinomatous components of mixed tumors have distinct genetic alterations and biomarker expression, separate analysis of these components is required to guide targeted therapy. High PD-L1 expression suggests a role for checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy in tumors with a choriocarcinoma component. The underlying mechanisms by which cancer stem cells reprogram and initiate trophoblastic retrodifferentiation in some somatic tumors warrant further investigation.