tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use With Survival in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Treated With Chemoradiation Therapy
Authors: Austin J. Iovoli, Gregory M. Hermann, Sung Jun Ma, Alexis J. Platek, Mark K. Farrugia, Edwin Yau, Kimberly E. Wooten, Hassan Arshad, Vishal Gupta, Moni A. Kuriakose, Wesley L. Hicks, Anurag K. Singh
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin, are commonly prescribed medications with anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet properties used long term to decrease the risk of cardiovascular events. A recent study showed that aspirin was associated with improved survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who were treated with surgery.To examine whether use of NSAIDs during definitive chemoradiation therapy (CRT) was associated with improved outcomes in patients with HNSCC.This cohort study analyzed patients with HNSCC who were treated with CRT at a single institution between January 1, 2005, and August 1, 2017. Patient and tumor characteristics included age, race/ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol use, comorbidities (respiratory, cardiovascular, immune, renal, endocrine), disease stage, human papillomavirus status, and treatment duration. Data were analyzed from May 1, 2019, to March 17, 2020.Patients were dichotomized by NSAID use during treatment.The association of NSAID use with patterns of failure, disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS) was examined using multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models. Survival estimates for OS and DSS were generated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves.A total of 460 patients (median [interquartile range] age, 60 [53.9-65.6] years; 377 [82.0%] men) were included in the analysis. Among these patients, 201 (43.7%) were taking NSAIDs during treatment. On univariate analysis, NSAID use (hazard ratio [HR], 0.63; 95% CI, 0.43-0.92; P = .02) was associated with better OS. On Cox regression analysis, after backward selection adjustment for potentially confounding factors (age, smoking status, primary tumor site, human papillomavirus status, diabetes, stroke, hyperlipidemia), NSAID use remained significantly associated with better OS (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.38-0.90; P = .02). NSAID use was associated with significantly better OS at 5 years compared with patients who did not take concurrent NSAIDs (63.6% [56 of 88 patients]; 95% CI, 58%-73% vs 56.1% [83 of 148 patients]; 95% CI, 50%-63%; P = .03). NSAID use was not associated with better DSS in univariate (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.48-1.41; P = .47) or multivariate (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.57-1.70; P = .44) analysis. NSAID use was not associated with better response to treatment (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 0.91-2.27; P = .12) or distant failure (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.68-1.84; P = .65). Change in local control with NSAID use was not statistically significant (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.31-1.10; P = .10).This cohort study suggests a possible OS advantage for patients taking NSAIDs during chemoradiation for HNSCC. Further studies examining this association are warranted.
Hepatic Schwannoma on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Yachao Liu, Baixuan Xu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract Schwannoma is a slow-growing benign tumor, which originates from Schwann cells and is usually asymptomatic. The most common sites of schwannomas are the head, neck, and extremities. However, a schwannoma located in the liver is extremely rare. Here, we report a 53-year-old woman with a hepatic lesion accidentally found by ultrasound. It was highly suggestive of hepatic cholangiocarcinoma by MRI. 18 F-FDG PET/CT could not exclude hepatic malignant tumor due to its high metabolism. Finally, it was confirmed as hepatic schwannoma by postoperative pathology.
The multifaceted nature of HIV latency
Authors: Caroline Dufour, Pierre Gantner, Rémi Fromentin, Nicolas Chomont
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

The description of the effect of polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB) on HIV RNA export was incorrect in the section Molecular mechanisms of HIV latency and in Figure 3.The correct sentence is below.Furthermore, viral RNAs accumulate in the nucleus of latently infected cells, and this defect in RNA export can be reverted by overexpressing the polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB) in resting cells (39).
Primary Retinal Detachment Outcomes Study: Pseudophakic Retinal Detachment Outcomes
Authors: Daniel P. Joseph, Edwin H. Ryan, Claire M. Ryan, Nora J.K. Forbes, Sushant Wagley, Yoshihiro Yonekawa, Robert A. Mittra, D. Wilkin Parke, Geoffrey G. Emerson, Gaurav K. Shah, Kevin J. Blinder, Antonio Capone, George A. Williams, Dean Eliott, Omesh P. Gupta, Jason Hsu, Carl D. Regillo
Journal: Ophthalmology (2020)
Multifocal Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma Demonstrated on FDG PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Xia Bai, Xiangcheng Wang, Xuemei Wang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma is a very rare malignancy that more commonly occurs in one anatomic location. Surgical resection of the lesion is the mainstay of the therapy. Multiple lesions at different locations are less common at the presentation. We report FDG PET/CT findings of multifocal interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma in a 30-year-old woman.
Isolated Pancreatic Metastasis From Choroidal Melanoma After 10 Years of Enucleation Mimicking Neuroendocine Tumor on 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT
Authors: Shamim Ahmed Shamim, Sarthak Tripathy, Sameer Rastogi, Adarsh Barwad, Sneha Prakash
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract Isolated pancreatic metastasis from choroidal melanoma is a rare phenomenon. We describe a case of a 38-year-old woman who underwent enucleation surgery for right choroidal melanoma and subsequently developed lesions in the pancreas 10 years after enucleation, which were depicted on 68 Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT and confirmed to be metastasis from choroidal melanoma on surgical histopathology.
Helen Salisbury: Normal service will be resumed—but not yet
Authors: Helen Salisbury
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The health service is slowly returning to normal, after adapting rapidly and radically to meet the demands of the first wave of coronavirus infections. Operating theatres and anaesthetic rooms that were repurposed as high dependency units are resuming their original functions as the number of patients needing ventilation continues to fall.1 The space dedicated to assessing possible covid patients in hospital emergency departments and at “hot hubs” in the community is steadily shrinking.

In our practice, it seems that most patients have decided that the pandemic is over. While a few …
Laser‐facilitated epicutaneous immunotherapy with hypoallergenic beta‐glucan neoglycoconjugates suppresses lung inflammation and avoids local side effects in a mouse model of allergic asthma
Authors: Evgeniia Korotchenko, Viktoria Schießl, Sandra Scheiblhofer, Mario Schubert, Elfriede Dall, Isabella A. Joubert, Helen Strandt, Theresa Neuper, Muamera Sarajlic, Renate Bauer, Mark Geppert, David Joedicke, Sabrina Wildner, Susanne Schaller, Stephan Winkler, Gabriele Gadermaier, Jutta Horejs‐Hoeck, Richard Weiss
Journal: Allergy (2020)

Allergen-specific immunotherapy via the skin targets a tissue rich in antigen-presenting cells, but can be associated with local and systemic side effects. Allergen-polysaccharide neoglycogonjugates increase immunization efficacy by targeting and activating dendritic cells via C-type lectin receptors and reduce side effects.We investigated the immunogenicity, allergenicity, and therapeutic efficacy of laminarin-ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates (LamOVA).The biological activity of LamOVA was characterized in vitro using bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Immunogenicity and therapeutic efficacy were analyzed in BALB/c mice. Epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) was performed using fractional infrared laser ablation to generate micropores in the skin, and the effects of LamOVA on blocking IgG, IgE, cellular composition of BAL, lung, and spleen, lung function, and T-cell polarization were assessed.Conjugation of laminarin to ovalbumin reduced its IgE binding capacity fivefold and increased its immunogenicity threefold in terms of IgG generation. EPIT with LamOVA induced significantly higher IgG levels than OVA, matching the levels induced by s.c. injection of OVA/alum (SCIT). EPIT was equally effective as SCIT in terms of blocking IgG induction and suppression of lung inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness, but SCIT was associated with higher levels of therapy-induced IgE and TH2 cytokines. EPIT with LamOVA induced significantly lower local skin reactions during therapy compared to unconjugated OVA.Conjugation of ovalbumin to laminarin increased its immunogenicity while at the same time reducing local side effects. LamOVA EPIT via laser-generated micropores is safe and equally effective compared to SCIT with alum, without the need for adjuvant.
ctDNA applications and integration in colorectal cancer: an NCI Colon and Rectal–Anal Task Forces whitepaper
Authors: Arvind Dasari, Van K. Morris, Carmen J. Allegra, Chloe Atreya, Al B. Benson, Patrick Boland, Ki Chung, Mehmet S. Copur, Ryan B. Corcoran, Dustin A. Deming, Andrea Dwyer, Maximilian Diehn, Cathy Eng, Thomas J. George, Marc J. Gollub, Rachel A. Goodwin, Stanley R. Hamilton, Jaclyn F. Hechtman, Howard Hochster, Theodore S. Hong, Federico Innocenti, Atif Iqbal, Samuel A. Jacobs, Hagen F. Kennecke, James J. Lee, Christopher H. Lieu, Heinz-Josef Lenz, O. Wolf Lindwasser, Clara Montagut, Bruno Odisio, Fang-Shu Ou, Laura Porter, Kanwal Raghav, Deborah Schrag, Aaron J. Scott, Qian Shi, John H. Strickler, Alan Venook, Rona Yaeger, Greg Yothers, Y. Nancy You, Jason A. Zell, Scott Kopetz
Journal: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology (2020)

Abstract An increasing number of studies are describing potential uses of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in the care of patients with colorectal cancer. Owing to this rapidly developing area of research, the Colon and Rectal–Anal Task Forces of the United States National Cancer Institute convened a panel of multidisciplinary experts to summarize current data on the utility of ctDNA in the management of colorectal cancer and to provide guidance in promoting the efficient development and integration of this technology into clinical care. The panel focused on four key areas in which ctDNA has the potential to change clinical practice, including the detection of minimal residual disease, the management of patients with rectal cancer, monitoring responses to therapy, and tracking clonal dynamics in response to targeted therapies and other systemic treatments. The panel also provides general guidelines with relevance for ctDNA-related research efforts, irrespective of indication.
Sleep in professional rugby league athletes: methods to quantify and assess, factors influencing and strategies to aid (PhD Academy Award)
Authors: Johnpaul Caia
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2020)

I explored methods to monitor sleep in athletes, factors influencing sleep in rugby league and examined strategies to improve sleep in athletes.

For athletes, sleep is integral for recovery and preparation around training and competition.1 However, sleep is often compromised in athletes,1 who often encounter circumstances that can disturb their sleep (eg, late competition, training schedules, travel).1 Identifying such difficulties and examining strategies to enhance sleep was vital.

To start, I examined the agreement between self-perceived sleep and sleep estimated via activity monitors within professional rugby league, with 63 participants wearing a valid and reliable monitoring device.2 Concurrently, estimates of sleep duration (hh:mm) were collected. Correlations examined the relationship between sleep duration estimated via activity monitors and subjective estimates.

The second stage of my work explored factors influencing sleep. I examined differences in sleep across 15 senior (25.5±3.7 years) and 15 junior rugby league athletes (18.8±0.9 years), …
Glutamyl-Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Regulates Proline-Rich Pro-Fibrotic Protein Synthesis During Cardiac Fibrosis
Authors: Jiangbin Wu, Kadiam C. Venkata Subbaiah, Li Huitong Xie, Feng Jiang, Eng-Soon Khor, Deanne Mickelsen, Jason R. Myers, Wai Hong Wilson Tang, Peng Yao
Journal: Circulation Research (2020)

Increased protein synthesis of profibrotic genes is a common feature in cardiac fibrosis and heart failure. Despite this observation, critical factors and molecular mechanisms for translational control of profibrotic genes during cardiac fibrosis remain unclear.To investigate the role of a bifunctional ARS (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase), EPRS (glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase) in translational control of cardiac fibrosis.Results from reanalyses of multiple publicly available data sets of human and mouse heart failure, demonstrated that EPRS acted as an integrated node among the ARSs in various cardiac pathogenic processes. We confirmed that EPRS was induced at mRNA and protein levels (≈1.5-2.5-fold increase) in failing hearts compared with nonfailing hearts using our cohort of human and mouse heart samples. Genetic knockout of one allele of Eprs globally (Eprs+/-) using CRISPR-Cas9 technology or in a Postn-Cre-dependent manner (Eprsflox/+; PostnMCM/+) strongly reduces cardiac fibrosis (≈50% reduction) in isoproterenol-, transverse aortic constriction-, and myocardial infarction (MI)-induced heart failure mouse models. Inhibition of EPRS using a PRS (prolyl-tRNA synthetase)-specific inhibitor, halofuginone, significantly decreases translation efficiency (TE) of proline-rich collagens in cardiac fibroblasts as well as TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β)-activated myofibroblasts. Overexpression of EPRS increases collagen protein expression in primary cardiac fibroblasts under TGF-β stimulation. Using transcriptome-wide RNA-Seq and polysome profiling-Seq in halofuginone-treated fibroblasts, we identified multiple novel Pro-rich genes in addition to collagens, such as Ltbp2 (latent TGF-β-binding protein 2) and Sulf1 (sulfatase 1), which are translationally regulated by EPRS. SULF1 is highly enriched in human and mouse myofibroblasts. In the primary cardiac fibroblast culture system, siRNA-mediated knockdown of SULF1 attenuates cardiac myofibroblast activation and collagen deposition. Overexpression of SULF1 promotes TGF-β-induced myofibroblast activation and partially antagonizes anti-fibrotic effects of halofuginone treatment.Our results indicate that EPRS preferentially controls translational activation of proline codon rich profibrotic genes in cardiac fibroblasts and augments pathological cardiac remodeling. Graphical Abstract: A graphical abstract is available for this article.
Salmonellosis Outbreak Detected by Automated Spatiotemporal Analysis — New York City, May–June 2019
Authors: Julia Latash, Sharon K. Greene, Faina Stavinsky, Sandy Li, Jennifer A. McConnell, John Novak, Teresa Rozza, Jing Wu, Enoma Omoregie, Lan Li, Eric R. Peterson, Bruce Gutelius, Vasudha Reddy
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)

In May 2019, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (NYCDOHMH) detected an unusual cluster of five salmonellosis patients via automated spatiotemporal analysis of notifiable diseases using free SaTScan software (1). Within 1 day of cluster detection, graduate student interviewers determined that three of the patients had eaten prepared food from the same grocery store (establishment A) located inside the cluster area. NYCDOHMH initiated an investigation to identify additional cases, establish the cause, and provide control recommendations. Overall, 15 New York City (NYC) residents with laboratory-diagnosed salmonellosis who reported eating food from establishment A were identified. The most commonly consumed food item was chicken, reported by 10 patients. All 11 clinical isolates available were serotyped as Salmonella Blockley, sequenced, and analyzed by core genome multilocus sequence typing; isolates had a median difference of zero alleles. Environmental assessments revealed food not held at the proper temperature, food not cooled properly, and potential cross-contamination during chicken preparation. Elevated fecal coliform counts were found in two of four ready-to-eat food samples collected from establishment A, and Bacillus cereus was detected in three. The outbreak strain of Salmonella was isolated from one patient's leftover chicken. Establishing automated spatiotemporal cluster detection analyses for salmonellosis and other reportable diseases could aid in the detection of geographically focused, community-acquired outbreaks even before laboratory subtyping results become available.
Sodium–glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitors in heart failure: beyond glycaemic control. A position paper of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Petar M. Seferović, Gabriele Fragasso, Mark Petrie, Wilfried Mullens, Roberto Ferrari, Thomas Thum, Johann Bauersachs, Stefan D. Anker, Robin Ray, Yuksel Çavuşoğlu, Marija Polovina, Marco Metra, Giuseppe Ambrosio, Krishna Prasad, Jelena Seferović, Pardeep S. Jhund, Giuseppe Dattilo, Jelena Čelutkiene, Massimo Piepoli, Brenda Moura, Ovidiu Chioncel, Tuvia Ben Gal, Stefan Heymans, Rudolf A. de Boer, Tiny Jaarsma, Loreena Hill, Yuri Lopatin, Alexander R. Lyon, Piotr Ponikowski, Mitja Lainščak, Ewa Jankowska, Christian Mueller, Francesco Cosentino, Lars Lund, Gerasimos S. Filippatos, Frank Ruschitzka, Andrew J.S. Coats, Giuseppe M.C. Rosano
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2020)
Psychiatrists urge royal college to tackle racism
Authors: Adrian O’Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Leading psychiatrists have taken the unusual step of criticising their own professional body for not doing enough to tackle racism in all of its forms, including overt behaviour and indirect bias in professional training and work practices.

In an open letter sent to the Royal College of Psychiatrists on 1 July, 175 psychiatrists in the UK have urged the body to overhaul its response to systemic racism and discrimination across the sector.1

The letter said that psychiatry had a questionable history that colluded with eugenic mass murder in Nazi Germany and that “labelled civil rights protesters and political dissidents as psychotic.”

“To this day we continue to disproportionately incarcerate black people and coerce them into treatment,” it said. “Moreover, if you are black, you are …
Single-cell analyses and machine learning define hematopoietic progenitor and HSC-like cells derived from human PSCs
Authors: Antonella Fidanza, Patrick S. Stumpf, Prakash Ramachandran, Sara Tamagno, Ann Babtie, Martha Lopez-Yrigoyen, A. Helen Taylor, Jennifer Easterbrook, Beth E. P. Henderson, Richard Axton, Neil C. Henderson, Alexander Medvinsky, Katrin Ottersbach, Nicola Romanò, Lesley M. Forrester
Journal: Blood (2020)
Metabolic Resolution of Lytic Lesions in Erdheim-Chester Disease on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Divya Yadav, Rachna Seth, Shamim Ahmed Shamim, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytic disorder with variable clinical presentation most commonly involving the skeletal system. The long bones are the most common site of involvement giving a characteristic bone scintigraphy pattern of increased bilateral symmetric uptake in metadiaphyseal regions. We describe the findings of serial F-FDG PET/CT in a 16-year-old adolescent girl with ECD, emphasizing the role of F-FDG PET/CT in response assessment of ECD.
The faces of NHS resilience and courage
Authors: Alison Shepherd
Journal: BMJ (2020)

As an expression of thanks and respect the acclaimed photographer Rankin has created a collection of 12 portraits of health workers to mark the NHS's 72nd anniversary.Among his sitters was Farzana Hussain, a GP in Newham, east London, pictured here as her portrait was unveiled at Piccadilly Circus."It's difficult to put into words how privileged I feel to be able to go to work every day and to help battle this global pandemic," she said."Every member of staff has their own story, fears, and hopes.I think Rankin's photography brings this out really well."Rankin, who more usually photographs subjects such as the Queen and the Rolling Stones, said, "I was moved by the incredible efforts of people across the NHS.I hope these images portray
Abstract #4496: Expression of erythropoietin and its receptor in human renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Karin Papworth, Anders Bergh, Kjell Grankvist, Börje Ljungberg, Torgny Rasmuson
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Introduction: Erythropoietin (EPO) is mainly produced in the kidneys and is regulated by hypoxia inducible factor. It has also been shown that EPO can be produced by tumour cells in an autocrine fashion. In this study we investigated survival of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in relation to tumour expression of EPO and its receptor (EPO-R) and blood levels of EPO and haemoglobin. Design: The immunohistochemical expression of EPO and EPO-R was assessed in tissue microarrays from 195 RCCs. Tumour type, TNM stage, nuclear grade, survival as well as serum EPO and haemoglobin levels in blood were registered. During follow up 109 patients died of renal cell carcinoma and 53 died of other causes. Median (range) follow-up time for patients alive was 190 (106-289) months. Results: There were 159 clear cell (c), and 24 papillary (p) RCCs. In tumour tissue, strong expression of EPO and EPO-R was found in 83 % and 56 %, respectively. When tumours were subdivided in different types, 86 % of cRCC had strong expression of EPO, compared to 64 % in pRCC. For EPO-R expression the opposite relation was found, 54 % versus 81 %, respectively. Serum EPO and blood haemoglobin levels did not correlate to the expression of EPO or EPO-R. A positive correlation was found between the expression of EPO and EPO-R (p=0.028). Tumour specific survival was not related to tumour EPO expression, whereas strong EPO-R expression indicated a non-significantly worse prognosis (p=0,068). Serum EPO levels did not differ between different histological RCC types. There was a positive correlation of serum EPO to TNM stage and nuclear grade and a negative correlation to blood haemoglobin. Median survival time was 97 months for patients with serum EPO below median, and 31 months for patients with higher levels (p   Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 4496.