tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OP0145 Gene-environment and disease interactions: is it smart to use cohort studies?
Authors: TWJ Huizinga, M Kloppenburg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3></h3> Although much progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiology of RA, very few data are present on the cause of the disease. During the last years genetic factors (HLA, the X -chromosome) and environmental factors (smoking) have been identified as factors that are more often present in RA patients than in controls. By using a cohort study that enrols all patients with arthritis of less than two years of disease duration (The Leiden Early Arthritis Clinic), we were able to identify additional risk factors to develop RA such as a reduced fecundity in RA patients. However the current methodology to identify risk factors can be questioned. This presentation will focus on the alternative techniques such as case-case series or case-control studies as a more efficient approach to identify risk factors to develop RA.
A memorable patient: Aggie
Authors: Hyman Davies
Journal: BMJ (2004)

I will call her Agatha Radcliffe, though that is not her real name. Nor was she my patient. I was on rota duty on a freezing, wintry Saturday night some time in the 1950s. The day had been long and arduous, and, at about 11 o'clock, having just got home from another visit, I received an urgent call to visit a Miss Radcliffe, who was having an asthma attack.

It didn't take long to get to her house. She was sitting up in bed, her head between her hands with her elbows resting on her knees, gasping. No stethoscope was needed to hear the sibilant rhonchi. She was in her 70s, a frail spinster with white hair, weighing no more than eight stone, and with rather fine chiselled features. She had obviously been very beautiful when she was young. I wanted to give her an injection of aminophylline but had none with me, so I told her that I would get some from my surgery, which was less than a mile away, and she seemed to be satisfied when I assured her that I would be back soon.

As I got into my car the lightning flash of recognition pierced my weary brain. Agatha Radcliffe! Yes, old Aggie Radcliffe, fancy that now. Agatha Radcliffe, that was the name of one of my teachers way back in my elementary (now known as primary) school. We all called her Aggie, and all the boys, including myself, were in love with her. What a shame she never married, but in those days female teachers were obliged to retire if they chose to marry. I couldn't wait to get back to reveal my identity to her.

As I slowly injected the aminophylline, I said, “You don't know me do you?”

“You're Hyman Davies,” came the prompt reply.

“Did you recognise me when I first came into the house?”

“Of course I did.”

“Then why didn't you tell me?”

“I was waiting to see if you would recognise me,” she answered.

“And what would you have done if I hadn't?”

“I would have let you go on your way.”

I hadn't seen her since I left that school, more than 20 years ago, and she not only remembered me but also remembered the names of my two older brothers, who had also been her pupils, and the names of almost every lad in my class. The injection worked, and soon she was able to talk without difficulty. We spent a long long time reminiscing; the school had included among its past pupils some high fliers, including a violin virtuoso, a fellow of the Royal Society, an eminent civil servant, various legal luminaries, and several common or garden doctors and dentists. And she reminded me of some whom I had totally forgotten.

I came away with that warm glow of satisfaction, of having done a good job for a fine lady, albeit a tiny reward for what she had done for me.
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the cellular heterogeneity of aneurysmal infrarenal abdominal aorta
Authors: Guizhen Zhao, Haocheng Lu, Ziyi Chang, Yang Zhao, Tianqing Zhu, Lin Chang, Yanhong Guo, Minerva T Garcia-Barrio, Y Eugene Chen, Jifeng Zhang
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2020)

The artery contains numerous cell types which contribute to multiple vascular diseases. However, the heterogeneity and cellular responses of these vascular cells during abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) progression have not been well characterized.
Progress in drug delivery system for fibrosis therapy
Authors: Lei Xing, Xin Chang, Lijun Shen, Chenglu Zhang, Yatong Fan, Chongsu Cho, Zhiqi Zhang, Hulin Jiang
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2020)

Fibrosis is a necessary process in the progression of chronic disease to cirrhosis or even cancer, which is a serious disease threatening human health. Recent studies have shown that the early treatment of fibrosis is turning point and particularly important. Therefore, how to reverse fibrosis has become the focus and research hotspot in recent years. So far, the considerable progress has been made in the development of effective anti-fibrosis drugs and targeted drug delivery. Moreover, the existing research results will lay the foundation for more breakthrough delivery systems to achieve better anti-fibrosis effects. Herein, this review summaries anti-fibrosis delivery systems focused on three major organ fibrotic diseases such as liver, pulmonary, and renal fibrosis accompanied by the elaboration of relevant pathological mechanisms, which will provide inspiration and guidance for the design of fibrosis drugs and therapeutic systems in the future.
Abstract 14202: The Benchmarking an Oral Anticoagulant Treatment Rate in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation (BOAT-AF) Study: A Prospective, Multicenter Study Evaluating Perspectives on Use of Oral Anticoagulation Using a Patient Survey and Clinical Review by the Treating Physician Among Patients Not Currently Treated With Oral Anticoagulation
Authors: Christopher P Cannon, Md, Faha, Facc, Julie Sutherland, Clifford L Ehrlich, Ravinder Bachireddy, Michael Valentine, Nasser Smiley, Steven Hearne, April Trebnick, Sudarshana Datta, Sara Jaffer, Emily A Tucker, Fran Thorpe, Matthew A Cavender, Wen-Hua Hsieh, Gheorghe Doros, Ali W O’Hare, Arzu Kalayci, Matthew Reynolds
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Oral anticoagulants (OA) reduce thromboembolic events in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF); however, these medications are not utilized in all eligible patients. S...
Phase I/II study of dasatinib in combination with decitabine in patients with accelerated or blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Yasmin Abaza, Hagop Kantarjian, Yasmin Alwash, Gautam Borthakur, Richard Champlin, Tapan Kadia, Guillermo Garcia‐Manero, Naval Daver, Farhad Ravandi, Srdan Verstovsek, Jan Burger, Zeev Estrov, Maro Ohanian, Miranda Lim, Naveen Pemmaraju, Elias Jabbour, Jorge Cortes
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2020)

Treatment of advanced-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) remains unsatisfactory. Single-agent tyrosine kinase inhibitors have modest and short-lived activity in this setting. We conducted a phase I/II study to determine safety and efficacy of the combination of dasatinib and decitabine in patients with advanced CML. Two different dose schedules were investigated with a starting decitabine dose of either 10 mg/m2 or 20 mg/m2 daily for 10 days plus dasatinib 100 mg daily. The target dose level was decitabine 10 mg/m2 or 20 mg/m2 daily for 10 days plus dasatinib 140 mg daily. Thirty patients were enrolled, including seven with accelerated-phase CML, 19 with blast-phase CML, and four with Philadelphia-chromosome positive acute myeloid leukemia. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed at the starting dose level with either schedule. Grade ≥3 treatment emergent hematological adverse events were reported in 28 patients. Thirteen patients (48%) achieved a major hematologic response and six (22%) achieved a minor hematologic response, with 44% of these patients achieving a major cytogenetic response and 33% achieving a major molecular response. Median overall survival (OS) was 13.8 months, with significantly higher OS among patients who achieved a hematologic response compared to non-responders (not reached vs 4.65 months; P < .001). Decitabine plus dasatinib is a safe and active regimen in advanced CML. Further studies using this combination are warranted.
The Cytokine IL-17A Limits Th17 Pathogenicity via a Negative Feedback Loop Driven by Autocrine Induction of IL-24
Authors: Wai Po Chong, Mary J. Mattapallil, Kumarkrishna Raychaudhuri, So Jin Bing, Sihan Wu, Yajie Zhong, WeiWei Wang, Zilin Chen, Phyllis B. Silver, Yingyos Jittayasothorn, Chi-Chao Chan, Jun Chen, Reiko Horai, Rachel R. Caspi
Journal: Immunity (2020)
High-flow nasal cannula therapy: can it be recommended as initial or rescue care for infants with moderate bronchiolitis in the paediatric ward?
Authors: Amir Kugelman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

<b>The current literature does not support routine or initial use of HFNC in infants with moderate bronchiolitis – unless criteria for use are more selective. Rescue HFNC might be justified if the threshold for standard care failure is better delineated.</b>https://bit.ly/3a9oEXb
Abstract 11694: Evaluating Serum Concentrations of Advanced Glycation Endproducts as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Arber Kodra, Craig Basman, Umar Rashid, Avtanski Dimiter, Chen Karin, Rebecca Jonas, Leonid Poretsky, Singh Varinder
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: The association between coronary artery disease (CAD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is strong but the physiologic mechanism remains unproven. Prior research shows that diabetics have upr...
Vertical Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 From the Mother to the Infant
Authors: Adewale Bayode Owa, Olufunke Tolulope Owa
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Efficient hepatic delivery and protein expression enabled by optimized mRNA and ionizable lipid nanoparticle
Authors: Tongren Yang, Chunhui Li, Xiaoxia Wang, Deyao Zhao, Mengjie Zhang, Huiqing Cao, Zicai Liang, Haihua Xiao, Xing-Jie Liang, Yuhua Weng, Yuanyu Huang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

mRNA is a novel class of therapeutic modality that holds great promise in vaccination, protein replacement therapy, cancer immunotherapy, immune cell engineering etc. However, optimization of mRNA molecules and efficient in vivo delivery are quite important but challenging for its broad application. Here we present an ionizable lipid nanoparticle (iLNP) based on iBL0713 lipid for in vitro and in vivo expression of desired proteins using codon-optimized mRNAs. mRNAs encoding luciferase or erythropoietin (EPO) were prepared by in vitro transcription and formulated with proposed iLNP, to form iLP171/mRNA formulations. It was revealed that both luciferase and EPO proteins were successfully expressed by human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and hepatocytes. The maximum amount of protein expression was found at 6 h post-administration. The expression efficiency of EPO with codon-optimized mRNA was significantly higher than that of unoptimized mRNA. Moreover, no toxicity or immunogenicity was observed for these mRNA formulations. Therefore, our study provides a useful and promising platform for mRNA therapeutic development.
Remdesivir improved time to recovery in adults hospitalized with COVID-19 and lower respiratory tract involvement
Authors: Susmita Paladugu, Anthony A. Donato
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Source CitationBeigel JH, Tomashek KM, Dodd LE, et al. Remdesivir for the treatment of Covid-19—preliminary report. N Engl J Med. 2020. [Epub ahead of print]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32445440/AbstractClinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Hospitalists: Infectious Disease: Critical Care:
Discovery of thiosemicarbazone derivatives as effective New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) inhibitors against NDM-1 producing clinical isolates
Authors: Bing Zhao, Xinhui Zhang, Tingting Yu, Ying Liu, Xiaoling Zhang, Yongfang Yao, Xuejian Feng, Hongmin Liu, Dequan Yu, Liying Ma, Shangshang Qin
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2020)

New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) is capable of hydrolyzing nearly all β-lactam antibiotics, posing an emerging threat to public health. There are currently less effective treatment options for treating NDM-1 positive "superbug", and no promising NDM-1 inhibitors were used in clinical practice. In this study, structure-activity relationship based on thiosemicarbazone derivatives was systematically characterized and their potential activities combined with meropenem (MEM) were evaluated. Compounds 19bg and 19bh exhibited excellent activity against 10 NDM-positive isolate clinical isolates in reversing MEM resistance. Further studies demonstrated compounds 19bg and 19bh were uncompetitive NDM-1 inhibitors with Ki = 0.63 and 0.44 μmol/L, respectively. Molecular docking speculated that compounds 19bg and 19bh were most likely to bind in the allosteric pocket which would affect the catalytic effect of NDM-1 on the substrate meropenem. Toxicity evaluation experiment showed that no hemolysis activities even at concentrations of 1000 mg/mL against red blood cells. In vivo experimental results showed combination of MEM and compound 19bh was markedly effective in treating infections caused by NDM-1 positive strain and prolonging the survival time of sepsis mice. Our finding showed that compound 19bh might be a promising lead in developing new inhibitor to treat NDM-1 producing superbug.
Before and After Treatment Characterization of Cerebrospinal Disease in Bing-Neel Syndrome Using 18F FDG PET/MRI
Authors: Saima Riaz, Dimitrios Priftakis, Suzanne Arulogun, Simon Wan, Jamshed Bomanji
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Bing-Neel syndrome is a rare neurological complication of Waldenström macroglobulinemia. We present the case of a 71-year-old man who underwent prechemotherapy and postchemotherapy FDG PET/MRI scan for the evaluation of cerebrospinal disease. In light of limited literature and lack of consensus guidelines on the role of metabolic imaging, we aim to highlight the utility of FDG PET/MRI in the diagnosis and response assessment in Bing-Neel syndrome.
Vertical Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 From the Mother to the Infant
Authors: Bahaa Abu Raya, Michelle L. Giles, Manish Sadarangani
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Survivorship after COVID-19 ICU stay
Authors: Megan M. Hosey, Dale M. Needham
Journal: Nature Reviews Disease Primers (2020)

Prior studies of patient survivorship after an intensive care unit (ICU) stay suggest that many critically ill patients with COVID-19 will face long-lasting physical, cognitive and/or mental health impairments. This anticipated survivorship experience highlights the importance of collaboration between the fields of critical care and rehabilitation to optimize post-COVID-19 recovery. Many critically ill patients with COVID-19 are expected to face long-lasting physical, cognitive and/or mental health impairments. Here, the authors discuss the role of critical care and rehabilitation in improving recovery.
Population Point Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Based on a Statewide Random Sample — Indiana, April 25–29, 2020
Authors: Nir Menachemi, Constantin T. Yiannoutsos, Brian E. Dixon, Thomas J. Duszynski, William F. Fadel, Kara K. Wools-Kaloustian, Nadia Unruh Needleman, Kristina Box, Virginia Caine, Connor Norwood, Lindsay Weaver, Paul K. Halverson
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)

Population prevalence of persons infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), varies by subpopulation and locality. U.S. studies of SARS-CoV-2 infection have examined infections in nonrandom samples (1) or seroprevalence in specific populations* (2), which are limited in their generalizability and cannot be used to accurately calculate infection-fatality rates. During April 25-29, 2020, Indiana conducted statewide random sample testing of persons aged ≥12 years to assess prevalence of active infection and presence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2; additional nonrandom sampling was conducted in racial and ethnic minority communities to better understand the impact of the virus in certain racial and ethnic minority populations. Estimates were adjusted for nonresponse to reflect state demographics using an iterative proportional fitting method. Among 3,658 noninstitutionalized participants in the random sample survey, the estimated statewide point prevalence of active SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing was 1.74% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10-2.54); 44.2% of these persons reported no symptoms during the 2 weeks before testing. The prevalence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) seropositivity, indicating past infection, was 1.09% (95% CI = 0.76-1.45). The overall prevalence of current and previous infections of SARS-CoV-2 in Indiana was 2.79% (95% CI = 2.02-3.70). In the random sample, higher overall prevalences were observed among Hispanics and those who reported having a household contact who had previously been told by a health care provider that they had COVID-19. By late April, an estimated 187,802 Indiana residents were currently or previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 (9.6 times higher than the number of confirmed cases [17,792]) (3), and 1,099 residents died (infection-fatality ratio = 0.58%). The number of reported cases represents only a fraction of the estimated total number of infections. Given the large number of persons who remain susceptible in Indiana, adherence to evidence-based public health mitigation and containment measures (e.g., social distancing, consistent and correct use of face coverings, and hand hygiene) is needed to reduce surge in hospitalizations and prevent morbidity and mortality from COVID-19.
Ganetespib in Combination with Pemetrexed–Platinum Chemotherapy in Patients with Pleural Mesothelioma (MESO-02): A Phase Ib Trial
Authors: Dean A. Fennell, Sarah Danson, Penella J. Woll, Martin Forster, Denis Talbot, Jennifer Child, Laura Farrelly, Annabel Sharkey, Sara Busacca, Yenting Ngai, Allan Hackshaw, Graham M. Wheeler
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Ganetespib, a highly potent, small-molecule Heatshock protein 90 inhibitor, has potential efficacy in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) via activity on critical survival pathways and known synergies with antifolates and platinum chemotherapy. We conducted a dose-escalation study to identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of ganetespib in patients with chemotherapy-naïve MPM.
FRET-based Tau seeding assay does not represent prion-like templated assembly of Tau filaments
Authors: Senthilvelrajan Kaniyappan, Katharina Tepper, Jacek Biernat, Ram Reddy Chandupatla, Sabrina Hübschmann, Stephan Irsen, Sandra Bicher, Christoph Klatt, Eva-Maria Mandelkow, Eckhard Mandelkow
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2020)

Abstract Tau aggregation into amyloid fibers based on the cross-beta structure is a hallmark of several Tauopathies, including Alzheimer Disease (AD). Trans-cellular propagation of Tau with pathological conformation has been suggested as a key disease mechanism. This is thought to cause the spreading of Tau pathology in AD by templated conversion of naive Tau in recipient cells into a pathological state, followed by assembly of pathological Tau fibers, similar to the mechanism of nucleated polymerization proposed for prion pathogenesis. In cell cultures, the process is often monitored by a FRET assay where the recipient cell expresses the Tau repeat domain (Tau RD ) with a pro-aggregant mutation, fused to GFP-based FRET pairs. Since the size of the reporter GFP (barrel of ~ 3 nm × 4 nm) is ~ 7 times larger than the β-strand distance (0.47 nm), this points to a potential steric clash. Hence, we investigated the influence of the GFP tag on Tau FL or Tau RD aggregation. Using biophysical methods (light scattering, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning-transmission electron microscopy (STEM)), we found that the assembly of Tau RD -GFP was severely inhibited and incompatible with that of Alzheimer filaments. These observations argue against the hypothesis that the propagation of Tau pathology in AD is caused by the prion-like templated aggregation of Tau protein, transmitted via cell-to-cell spreading of Tau. Thus, even though the observed local increase of FRET in recipient cells may be a valid hallmark of a pathological reaction, our data argue that it is caused by a process distinct from assembly of Tau RD filaments.
Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection of recurrent duodenal lateral spreading tumor
Authors: Mariano Villarroel, Hugo Bilder, Belen Duarte, Juan Lasa, Ignacio Zubiaurre
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

A 57-year-old woman with a history of recurrent duodenal granular laterally spreading tumor (LST-G) was referred to our hospital. The lesion was located in the second portion of the duodenum, opposite the papilla. The patient had undergone two endoscopic mucosal resections (EMRs) in another endoscopy center. Histologic analysis showed a tubular adenoma with low-grade dysplasia; margins were not evaluable.
France's COVID-19 response: balancing conflicting public health traditions
Authors: Laëtitia Atlani-Duault, Franck Chauvin, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Bruno Lina, Daniel Benamouzig, Lila Bouadma, Pierre Louis Druais, Aymeril Hoang, Marie-Aleth Grard, Denis Malvy, Jean-François Delfraissy
Journal: The Lancet (2020)