tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risk assessment for rationalizing the use of personal protective equipment for SARS-CoV2 in healthcare settings with special focus on low- and middle-income settings
Authors: Ioana D. Olaru, Rashida A. Ferrand, Marcelyn T. Magwenzi, Valerie Robertson, Vimbainashe Musenyereki, Katharina Kranzer
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)
What can the UK learn from the southern hemisphere winter?
Authors: Jacqui Thornton
Journal: BMJ (2020)

As the UK's winter draws in, the southern hemisphere is enjoying spring.Despite dire predictions, it appears to have experienced a welcome side effect of covid-19: lower transmission of respiratory diseases.Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa, as well as Argentina, Chile, and Paraguay, "skipped" the flu season in 2020. 1 New Zealand death rates at the height of winter were the lowest absolute figure since 2016 (including only 25 covid-19 deaths 2 ); when accounting for population growth, it is the lowest death rate per 100 000 people in at least 10 years, the period for which data are available. 3 Flu has been almost non-existent with a peak of 0.8% of people self-reporting flu like symptoms. 4 GP surveillance has found no confirmed cases. 5The influenza pattern was similar in other countries: in one study, only 33 influenza positive test results were detected among 60 031 specimens tested in Australia, 12 among 21 178 specimens tested in Chile, and six among 2098 specimens tested in South Africa. 6 Experts say that rather than it being a less virulent year, measures against covid-19-lockdowns, school closures, mask wearing, and social distancing-almost certainly had an impact."Because influenza is transmitted in much the same way as covid-19, the steps used to control covid-19 are likely to be even more effective against flu, given the lower R value for seasonal flu because of pre-existing population immunity," says Paul Hunter, professor in medicine at the University of East Anglia.Bharat Pankhania, communicable disease specialist and senior clinical lecturer at the University of Exeter, puts it more directly: "When covid-19 arrives, people take cover.As a result of extra hand hygiene, social distancing, and other precautions, there are fewer other infections.
TCT CONNECT-326 Impact of Diabetes Mellitus in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair for Secondary Mitral Regurgitation: The COAPT Trial
Authors: Bahira Shahim, Shmuel Chen, Bjorn Redfors, Mahesh Madhavan, Ozgen Dogan, Saibal Kar, Scott Lim, Federico Asch, Neil Weissman, David Cohen, Suzanne Arnold, Mengdan Liu, JoAnn Lindenfeld, William Abraham, Michael Mack, Gregg Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
TCT CONNECT-147 Limitations of Established Cardiac Biomarkers in Low-to Intermediate-Risk TF-TAVR Patients With Advanced CKD
Authors: Hatim Seoudy, Jasmin Shamekhi, Johanne Frank, Isabell Herfett, Baravan Al-Kassou, Atsushi Sugiura, Thomas Puehler, Georg Lutter, Hendrik Treede, Georg Nickenig, Norbert Frey, Jan-Malte Sinning, Derk Frank
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
TCT CONNECT-367 Impact of Systemic Lupus Erythematous In-Hospital Outcomes of Peripheral Artery Diseases: An Insight From the National Inpatient Sample Database
Authors: Jay Shah, Dilnoor Patti, Syed Ali, Rajkumar Doshi, Sindhu Avula, Ma'en Al-Dabbas, Ameer Kabour, Amir Kaki, Hemindermeet Singh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Survival-Inferred Fragility Index of Phase 3 Clinical Trials Evaluating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: David Bomze, Nethanel Asher, Omar Hasan Ali, Lukas Flatz, Daniel Azoulay, Gal Markel, Tomer Meirson
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

In science and medical research, extreme and dichotomous conclusions may be drawn based on whether the P value falls above or below the threshold. The fragility index (ie, the minimum number of changes from nonevents to events resulting in loss of statistical significance) captures the vulnerability of statistics in trials with binary outcomes. There are a growing number of clinical trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as well as expanding eligibility for patients to receive them. The robustness of survival outcomes in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) should be evaluated using the fragility index extended to time-to-event data.To calculate the fragility of survival data in RCTs evaluating ICIs.In this cross-sectional study, data on phase 3 prospective RCTs investigating ICIs included in PubMed from inception until January 1, 2020, were extracted. Two- or three-group studies reporting results for overall survival were eligible for the survival-inferred fragility index (SIFI) calculation, which is the minimum number of reassignments of the best survivors from the interventional group to the control group resulting in loss of significance (defined as P < .05 by log-rank test). For nonsignificant results, a negative SIFI was calculated by reversing the direction of reassignment (from the control group to the interventional group).Survival-inferred fragility index.A total of 45 phase 3 prospective RCTs (4 of which had 3 groups, for a total of 49 groups) were identified, of which 6 (13%) investigated anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) agents, 25 (56%) investigated anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) agents, 12 (27%) investigated anti-programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 agents, and 3 (7%) investigated the combination of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 agents. The median SIFI was 5 (interquartile range, -4 to 12) for the intention-to-treat analysis; for these trials, the SIFI was 1% or less of the total sample size in 17 of 49 populations (35%). In 25 of the 49 intention-to-treat populations (51%), the SIFI was less than the number of censored patients in the intervention group shortly after randomization (defined as <5% of the follow-up time).This study suggests that many phase 3 RCTs evaluating ICI therapies have a low SIFI for overall survival, resulting in uncertainty regarding their potential clinical benefit. Although not a definitive solution for the problems arising from dichotomization, SIFI provides an additional means of assessing and communicating the strength of statistical conclusions.
TCT CONNECT-138 Histologic Calcification is Uncommon After Self-Expanding Transcatheter Bioprosthesis Implantation Through 5 Years
Authors: Yu Sato, Rika Kawakami, Hiroyuki Jinnouchi, Atsushi Sakamoto, Masayuki Mori, Anne Cornelissen, Kenji Kawai, Colleen Gilbert, Maria Romero, Renu Virmani, Aloke Finn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Nature-inspired topographies on hydroxyapatite surfaces regulate stem cells behaviour
Authors: Yogambha Ramaswamy, Iman Roohani, Young Jung No, Genevieve Madafiglio, Frank Chang, Furong Zhao, Zufu Lu, Hala Zreiqat
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

Surface topography is one of the key factors in regulating interactions between materials and cells. While topographies presented to cells in vivo are non-symmetrical and in complex shapes, current fabrication techniques are limited to replicate these complex geometries. In this study, we developed a microcasting technique and successfully produced imprinted hydroxyapatite (HAp) surfaces with nature-inspired (honeycomb, pillars, and isolated islands) topographies. The in vitro biological performance of the developed non-symmetrical topographies was evaluated using adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). We demonstrated that ADSCs cultured on all HAp surfaces, except honeycomb patterns, presented well-defined stress fibers and expressed focal adhesion protein (paxillin) molecules. Isolated islands topographies significantly promoted osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs with increased alkaline phosphatase activity and upregulation of key osteogenic markers, compared to the other topographies and the control unmodified (flat) HAp surface. In contrast, honeycomb topographies hampered the ability of the ADSCs to proliferate and differentiate to the osteogenic lineage. This work presents a facile technique to imprint nature-derived topographies on the surface of bioceramics which opens up opportunities for the development of bioresponsive interfaces in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
TCT CONNECT-282 Incidence and Temporal Volumetric Change in Coronary Evagination After Implantation of Bioresorbable Polymer Sirolimus-Eluting Stent: An Mechanism-Ultimaster Substudy
Authors: Keiko Tsuji, Masaru Ishida, Tomonori Itoh, Hiromasa Otake, Takumi Kimura, Munenori Okubo, Takatoshi Hayashi, Yohei Uchimura, Kyosuke Kaneko, Tsubasa Sakamoto, Iwao Goto, Yoshihiro Morino
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Mutation Spectrum of Transformed Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma and Comparison with De Novo Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Joo Y. Song, Caoimhe Egan, Qiang Gong, Girish Venkataraman, Alex F. Herrera, Rebecca Ottesen, Joyce Niland, Dennis D. Weisenburger, Elaine S. Jaffe, Wing C Chan
Journal: Blood (2017)
TCT CONNECT-311 Left Main Lesion Assessment: A Comparison of Angiographic and IVUS Findings
Authors: Fotis Gkargkoulas, Masahiko Noguchi, Mitsuaki Matsumura, Khady Fall, Xun Hu, Eisuke Usui, Fumiyasu Seike, Hanan Salem, Tatsuhiro Fujimura, Ge Jin, Ajay Kirtane, Ziad Ali, Dimitri Karmpaliotis, Martin Leon, Jeffrey Moses, Gary Mintz, Akiko Maehara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Evolution of autoimmune hepatitis to primary sclerosing cholangitis: A sequential syndrome
Authors: Ayman A. Abdo, Vincent G. Bain, Krikor Kichian, Samuel S. Lee
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Recently, the autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)/primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) overlap syndrome has been reported increasingly. In this syndrome, patients present with features of both AIH and PSC. It has been suggested that the 2 diseases may be sequential in their occurrence, whereby patients have features of AIH and then after a number of years develop features of PSC, but clear confirmation of evolution has not been documented in adults. We describe 6 adult cases in which PSC was diagnosed many years after well-established AIH. Six patients are described in whom AIH definitely was diagnosed at presentation. No evidence of biliary disease was noted on the initial liver biopsy or endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP). All patients responded well to immunosuppressive therapy. After an average duration of follow-up of 4.6 years they became resistant to immunosuppression, and developed clear features of PSC, which was confirmed by ERCP in all patients. The average age of the patients at first presentation was 31.3 years, 2 were women and 4 were men, and 3 had ulcerative colitis. We found no specific features at presentation that could predict this evolutionary outcome. In conclusion, patients with well-established AIH can, after variable duration of follow-up, develop PSC. In patients with AIH who become resistant to immunosuppression of develop significant cholestasis, PSC should be ruled out by ERCP. (Hepatology2002;36:1393-1399).
TCT CONNECT-3 Treatment With Icosapent Ethyl to Reduce Ischemic Events in Patients With Prior Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From REDUCE-IT PCI
Authors: Benjamin Peterson, Deepak Bhatt, Philippe Steg, Michael Miller, Eliot Brinton, Steven Ketchum, Rebecca Juliano, Lixia Jiao, Ralph Doyle, Craig Granowitz, Duane Pinto, Robert Giugliano, Matthew Budoff, Jean-Claude Tardif, Subodh Verma, Christie Ballantyne
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
TCT CONNECT-108 The RESPOND EDGE Registry: An Interim Analysis of Early Clinical Outcomes in the First 100 Enrolled Patients
Authors: Nicolas Dumonteil, Nicolas Van Mieghem, David Hildick-Smith, Daniel Blackman, Mika Laine, Dominic Allocco, Ian Meredith, Rajesh Kharbanda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
TCT CONNECT-84 Transcatheter and Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Insights From a National Cohort (2011 to 2017)
Authors: Catherine Williamson, Esteban Aguayo, Vishal Dobaria, Joseph Hadaya, Yas Sanaiha, Peyman Benharash
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
TCT CONNECT-496 Tricuspid Valve Geometric and Functional Changes and Their Associations With Outcomes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Nicholas Kassis, Amit Goyal, Anas Saad, Samir Kapadia, Gustavo Heresi, Adriano Tonelli, Serge Harb
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Abstract 13637: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Reduce Residual Cardiovascular Risk in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Takaaki Sakai, Shinichiro Miura
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Triglyceride (TG) rich-lipoproteins (chylomicron and very-low-density lipoprotein [VLDL]) are considered to be the primary contributors to residual cardiovascular risk in patients rec...
TCT CONNECT-314 Impact of Body Surface Area on Left Main Lumen Area
Authors: Fotis Gkargkoulas, Masahiko Noguchi, Mitsuaki Matsumura, Khady Fall, Xun Hu, Eisuke Usui, Fumiyasu Seike, Hanan Salem, Tatsuhiro Fujimura, Ge Jin, Ajay Kirtane, Ziad Ali, Dimitrios Karmpaliotis, Martin Leon, Jeffrey Moses, Gary Mintz, Akiko Maehara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Secondary infections in patients hospitalized with COVID-19: incidence and predictive factors
Authors: Marco Ripa, Laura Galli, Andrea Poli, Chiara Oltolini, Vincenzo Spagnuolo, Andrea Mastrangelo, Camilla Muccini, Giacomo Monti, Giacomo De Luca, Giovanni Landoni, Lorenzo Dagna, Massimo Clementi, Patrizia Rovere Querini, Fabio Ciceri, Moreno Tresoldi, Adriano Lazzarin, Alberto Zangrillo, Paolo Scarpellini, Antonella Castagna, Andrea Andolina, Martina Baiardo Redaelli, Giorgia Bigai, Alba Bigoloni, Giorgia Borio, Simona Bossolasco, Elena Bruzzesi, Maria Grazia Calabrò, Stefania Calvisi, Corrado Campochiaro, Diana Canetti, Valentina Canti, Jacopo Castellani, Barbara Castiglioni, Giulio Cavalli, Ludovica Cavallo, Massimo Cernuschi, Matteo Chiurlo, Marta Cilla, Elena Cinel, Paola Cinque, Caterina Conte, Valentina Da Prat, Anna Danise, Rebecca De Lorenzo, Antonio Dell’Acqua, Raffaele Dell’Acqua, Emanuel Della Torre, Liviana Della Torre, Gaetano Di Terlizzi, Iulia Dumea, Federica Farolfi, Marica Ferrante, Claudia Frangi, Luca Fumagalli, Gabriele Gallina, Bruno Germinario, Nicola Gianotti, Monica Guffanti, Hamid Hasson, Francesca Lalla, Marco Lanzillotta, Raffaele Li Voti, Emanuela Messina, Chiara Molinari, Elena Moizo, Marco Montagna, Giulia Morsica, Silvia Nozza, Maria Pascali, Alessandro Patrizi, Marina Pieri, Antonella Poloniato, Dario Prestifilippo, Giuseppe Ramirez, Martina Ranzenigo, Jacopo Sapienza, Federico Seghi, Giuseppe Tambussi, Chiara Tassan Din, Stefano Turi, Caterina Uberti-Foppa, Concetta Vinci
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)
TCT CONNECT-354 Prognostic Importance of Functional Status Versus Health Status in Patients With Heart Failure and Severe Secondary Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Suzanne Arnold, Gregg Stone, Sneha Jain, Michael Mack, John Saxon, Andrew Ambrosy, Umar Malik, Ivy Ku, Jacob Mishell, Zixuan Zhang, JoAnn Lindenfeld, William Abraham, David Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Stimulation of neural stem cell differentiation by circularly polarized light transduced by chiral nanoassemblies
Authors: Aihua Qu, Maozhong Sun, Ji-Young Kim, Liguang Xu, Changlong Hao, Wei Ma, Xiaoling Wu, Xiaogang Liu, Hua Kuang, Nicholas A. Kotov, Chuanlai Xu
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2020)
Endothelin-1 and heme oxygenase-1 as modulators of sinusoidal tone in the stress-exposed rat liver
Authors: Hauke Rensing, Inge Bauer, Jian X. Zhang, Markus Paxian, Benedikt H. J. Pannen, Yukihiro Yokoyama, Mark G. Clemens, Michael Bauer
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is up-regulated after ischemia/reperfusion and contributes to maintenance of hepatic perfusion and integrity. Blockade of HO-1 leads to an increased portal pressor response in the stress-exposed liver. We tested whether the increase in portal pressure reflects unmasking of a concomitant up-regulation of the vasoconstrictor endothelin (ET)-1. Hemorrhagic shock induced messenger RNAs encoding HO-1 (16-fold) and ET-1 (9-fold) with a similar time course in the liver. At maximum induction of both mediators, rats received either vehicle or the endothelin ET A/B antagonist bosentan (10 mg/kg intravenously). Subsequently, the HO pathway was blocked in all animals by tin-protoporphyrin (SnPP)-IX (50 μmol/kg intravenously). Portal and sinusoidal hemodynamics were measured using microflow probes and intravital microscopy, respectively. Blockade of the HO pathway led to a significant increase in portal resistance (sham/SnPP-IX, 0.17 ± 0.046 mm Hg · min · mL −1 ; shock/vehicle/SnPP-IX, 0.57 ± 0.148 mm Hg · min · mL −1 ; P &lt; 0.05) and a decrease in sinusoids conducting flow (shock/vehicle/SnPP-IX: baseline, 28.3 ± 0.85 sinusoids/mm; 10 minutes after SnPP-IX, 23.1 ± 1.09 sinusoids/mm; P &lt; 0.05). Intravital microscopy showed narrowing of failing sinusoids colocalizing with stellate cells after blockade of the HO pathway. Blockade of ET A/B receptors attenuated the increase in portal resistance (shock/bosentan/SnPP-IX, 0.29 ± 0.051 mm Hg · min · mL −1 ) and prevented sinusoidal perfusion failure (shock/bosentan/SnPP-IX: baseline, 28.2 ± 0.97 sinusoids/mm; 10 minutes after SnPP-IX, 28.8 ± 1.18 sinusoids/mm) as well as sinusoidal narrowing. In conclusion, a functional interaction of the up-regulated vasodilatory HO system and the vasoconstrictor ET-1 on the sinusoidal level exists under stress conditions. Both mediator systems affect sinusoidal diameter via direct action on hepatic stellate cells in vivo. (Hepatology2002;36:1453-1465).
FRI0062 Effects of methotrexate and long term low prednisone doses on bone mineral density in patients with early severe rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: CI Chirieac, E Rezus, B Florica, D Stratan, R Chiriac
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritia (RA) may feature significant loss of bone mineral density (BMD). early aggressive treatment and sometimes low corticosteroids doses are required; however, long term effects on bone are not extensively characterised. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the effects of 10 mg prednisone daily + 7.5 mg methotrexate (MTX) on BMD in patients with early active and severe RA. <h3>Methods</h3> 32 patients with active RA, with a disease duration less than 2 years, without prior treatment with any disease modifying antirheumatic drugs were randomised to receive either MTX and prednisone or sulphasalazine alone. Osteoporosis treatment was not permitted. Disease activity and BMD were monitored at baseline, 6, 12 and 24 months; BMD was determined by quantitative ultrasound at the calcis bone and was appreciated as broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and quantitative ultrasound index (QUI). BMD loss was calculated in% of baseline. Subgroup analysis (high and low disease activity) was performed upon ESR and CRP values. <h3>Results</h3> After 6 and 12 months of treatment mean% BUA has decreased significantly (p &lt; 0.05) compared to baseline in both study groups, but greater in patients with high disease activity; after 24 months BMD has fallen significantly more in the combination group in patients with severe RA (- 3.5%) compared to monotherapy group in patients with mild disease (+0.07%, p &lt; 0.05). Change in BMD correlates more closely with measure of inflammation than with administration of prednosone and MTX. <h3>Conclusion</h3> High disease activity is closely associated with bone loss in early active severe RA compared to bone loss due to aggressive therapy including MTX and low doses prednisone.
TCT CONNECT-32 Acute and Long-Term Impact of Chronic Total Occlusion on Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From a Large Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Study in China (China Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry)
Authors: Tianjie Wang, Hao Guan, Shubin Qiao, Weixian Yang, Yuejin Yang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine against vaccine serotype pneumococcal pneumonia in adults: A case-control test-negative design study
Authors: Hannah Lawrence, Harry Pick, Vadsala Baskaran, Priya Daniel, Chamira Rodrigo, Deborah Ashton, Rochelle C. Edwards-Pritchard, Carmen Sheppard, Seyi D. Eletu, David Litt, Norman K. Fry, Samuel Rose, Caroline Trotter, Tricia M. McKeever, Wei Shen Lim
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2020)

Background Vaccination with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) is available in the United Kingdom to adults aged 65 years or older and those in defined clinical risk groups. We evaluated the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of PPV23 against vaccine-type pneumococcal pneumonia in a cohort of adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods and findings Using a case-control test-negative design, a secondary analysis of data was conducted from a prospective cohort study of adults (aged ≥16 years) with CAP hospitalised at 2 university teaching hospitals in Nottingham, England, from September 2013 to August 2018. The exposure of interest was PPV23 vaccination at any time point prior to the index admission. A case was defined as PPV23 serotype-specific pneumococcal pneumonia and a control as non-PPV23 serotype pneumococcal pneumonia or nonpneumococcal pneumonia. Pneumococcal serotypes were identified from urine samples using a multiplex immunoassay or from positive blood cultures. Multivariable logistic regression was used to derive adjusted odds of case status between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals; VE estimates were calculated as (1 − odds ratio) × 100%. Of 2,357 patients, there were 717 PPV23 cases (48% vaccinated) and 1,640 controls (54.5% vaccinated). The adjusted VE (aVE) estimate against PPV23 serotype disease was 24% (95% CI 5%–40%, p = 0.02). Estimates were similar in analyses restricted to vaccine-eligible patients (n = 1,768, aVE 23%, 95% CI 1%–40%) and patients aged ≥65 years (n = 1,407, aVE 20%, 95% CI −5% to 40%), but not in patients aged ≥75 years (n = 905, aVE 5%, 95% CI −37% to 35%). The aVE estimate in relation to PPV23/non-13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) serotype pneumonia (n = 417 cases, 43.7% vaccinated) was 29% (95% CI 6%–46%). Key limitations of this study are that, due to high vaccination rates, there was a lack of power to reject the null hypothesis of no vaccine effect, and that the study was not large enough to allow robust subgroup analysis in the older age groups. Conclusions In the setting of an established national childhood PCV13 vaccination programme, PPV23 vaccination of clinical at-risk patient groups and adults aged ≥65 years provided moderate long-term protection against hospitalisation with PPV23 serotype pneumonia. These findings suggest that PPV23 vaccination may continue to have an important role in adult pneumococcal vaccine policy, including the possibility of revaccination of older adults.