tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
International prognostic indices in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a comparison of IPI, R-IPI, and NCCN-IPI
Authors: Amy S. Ruppert, Jesse G. Dixon, Gilles Salles, Anna Wall, David Cunningham, Viola Poeschel, Corinne Haioun, Herve Tilly, Herve Ghesquieres, Marita Ziepert, Jocelyne Flament, Christopher Flowers, Qian Shi, Norbert Schmitz
Journal: Blood (2020)
Pituitary Responsiveness
Authors: DAVID F. GARDNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Corrections1 April 1976Pituitary ResponsivenessDAVID F. GARDNER, M.D.DAVID F. GARDNER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-4-497_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I read with great interest the recent paper by Samaan and associates, "Hypopituitarism After External Irradiation" (Ann Intern Med83:771-777, 1975); I question, however, one important conclusion reached from the reported data. The existence of primary pituitary damage secondary to irradiation was based on finding unresponsive pituitary thyrotrophins and gonadotrophins tosingledoses of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) and luteinizing-releasing hormone (LH-RH), respectively. Yoshimoto, Moridera, and Imura (1) have shown that prolonged stimulation of pituitary gonadotrophins by LH-RH was necessary to restore pituitary responsiveness in several patients with isolated gonadotrophin deficiency, anorexia nervosa, and miscellaneous organic hypothalamopituitary lesions....Reference1. YOSHIMOTOMORIDERAIMURA YKH: Restoration of normal pituitary gonadotrophin reserve by administration of luteinizing-releasing hormone in patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. N Engl J Med 292:242-245, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: USAF MC Department of Medicine Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center San Antonio, Texas 78236 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1976Volume 84, Issue 4Page: 497-497KeywordsAnorexia nervosaLesionsLuteinizing hormoneProlactinResearch designThyrotropin releasing hormone Issue Published: 1 April 1976 PDF DownloadLoading ...
18F-FDG PET/CT Brain in a Case of Agrammatic/Nonfluent Variant of Primary Progressive Aphasia (Broca’s Aphasia)
Authors: Vankadari Kousik, Bhagwant Rai Mittal, Rajender Kumar, Harmandeep Singh, Manoj Goyal
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract Primary progressive aphasia is a neurodegenerative variant of frontotemporal lobe degeneration presenting with isolated selective impairment of language domain, not secondarily due to stroke. We present a case of middle-aged female patient who underwent 18 F-FDG PET of the brain for evaluating progressively declining speaking ability associated with altered fluency of speech and occasional mutism. 18 F-FDG PET revealed asymmetric hypometabolism involving the left inferior frontal gyrus along with left anterior cingulate gyrus suggestive of Broca's aphasia.
Enrollment of Older Patients, Women, and Racial/Ethnic Minority Groups in Contemporary Acute Coronary Syndrome Clinical Trials
Authors: Ayman Samman Tahhan, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Stephen J. Greene, Alaaeddin Alrohaibani, Mohamed Raad, Mazen Gafeer, Roxana Mehran, Gregg C. Fonarow, Pamela S. Douglas, Deepak L. Bhatt, Javed Butler
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2020)

Although age, sex, and race/ethnicity are important factors when generalizing the findings of clinical trials to routine practice, trends in the representation of these groups in contemporary acute coronary syndrome (ACS) trials are not well defined.To characterize the representation of older patients, women, and racial/ ethnic minorities in ACS randomized trials.A systemic search was conducted of ACS trials published in 8 major medical journals between January 2001 and December 2018. Overall, 1 067 520 patients from 460 trials were included. Findings were compared with epidemiologic studies of patients with ACS.The median number of participants per trial was 711 (interquartile range, 324-2163) and the median number of sites per trial was 21 (interquartile range, 5-73). Overall, 207 trials (45.0%) studied drug therapy, and 210 (45.7%) evaluated procedural interventions. The mean (SD) age of trial participants was 62.9 (10.7) years and increased from 62.3 (11.2) years in 2001-2006 to 64.0 (10.4) years in 2013-2018 (P = .01). The corresponding mean (SD) age was 66.4 (14.8) years in US epidemiologic studies and 70.0 (13.5) years in European epidemiologic studies. The overall proportion of women enrolled was 26.8% and decreased over time, from 27.8% in 2001-2006 to 24.9% in 2013-2018 (P = .21 for trend). The corresponding weighted proportions of women were 38.0% in US epidemiologic studies and 32.0% in European studies. The distribution of racial/ethnic groups was reported in only 99 trials (21.5%). In trials with reported data, 15.0% of the trial participants were nonwhite, which increased from 12.0% in 2001-2006 to 14.0% in 2013-2018. Black patients represented 3.7% of all patients during the entire study time frame, Asian patients represented 9.6%, and Hispanic patients represented 7.8%. Trends in the representation of black patients remained unchanged from 2001-2006 (5.2%) to 2013-2018 (4.9%), while the enrollment of Asian and Hispanic patients increased from 2001-2006 to 2013-2018 (from 1.9% to 10.8% for Asian patients and from 5.4% to 14.5% for Hispanic patients).Older patients and women are underrepresented in contemporary ACS trials compared with epidemiologic studies. Over time, there has been modest improvement in the representation of older patients but not women patients. More than three-quarters of trials did not report race/ethnicity data, with available data suggesting a modest increase in the enrollment of nonwhite patients owing to the enrollment of Asian and Hispanic patients. Enrollment of black patients remained low over time.
Career progression as a doctor in the Royal Navy
Authors: Helen Jones
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Doctors in the Royal Navy have many opportunities to build a varied and lasting career while developing additional leadership skills.This makes them highly sought after if they decide to return to civilian life.After spending three years as a general duties medical officer-using your skills either on shore, onboard a ship, on a submarine, or working with the Royal Marines-you can choose to specialise just as you would in civilian medicine.
Rivaroxaban in Peripheral Artery Disease after Revascularization
Authors: Marc P. Bonaca, Rupert M. Bauersachs, Sonia S. Anand, E. Sebastian Debus, Mark R. Nehler, Manesh R. Patel, Fabrizio Fanelli, Warren H. Capell, Lihong Diao, Nicole Jaeger, Connie N. Hess, Akos F. Pap, John M. Kittelson, Ivan Gudz, Lajos Mátyás, Dainis K. Krievins, Rafael Diaz, Marianne Brodmann, Eva Muehlhofer, Lloyd P. Haskell, Scott D. Berkowitz, William R. Hiatt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Patients with peripheral artery disease who have undergone lower-extremity revascularization are at high risk for major adverse limb and cardiovascular events. The efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in this context are uncertain.
How behavioural science data helps mitigate the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Cornelia Betsch
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2020)

In the current absence of medical treatment and vaccination, the unfolding COVID-19 pandemic can only be brought under control by massive and rapid behaviour change. To achieve this we need to systematically monitor and understand how different individuals perceive risk and what prompts them to act upon it, argues Cornelia Betsch.
Heart failure treatment up‐titration and outcome and age: an analysis of BIOSTAT‐CHF
Authors: Ify R. Mordi, Wouter Ouwerkerk, Stefan D. Anker, John G. Cleland, Kenneth Dickstein, Marco Metra, Leong L. Ng, Nilesh J. Samani, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Faiez Zannad, Adriaan A. Voors, Chim C. Lang
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2020)
Therapeutic Targeting of Follicular T Cells with Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Expressing Natural Killer Cells
Authors: Seth D. Reighard, Stacey A. Cranert, Kelly M. Rangel, Ayad Ali, Ivayla E. Gyurova, Arthur T. de la Cruz-Lynch, Jasmine A. Tuazon, Marat V. Khodoun, Leah C. Kottyan, David F. Smith, Hermine I. Brunner, Stephen N. Waggoner
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2020)

Follicular helper T cells (TFH) are critical for vaccine and infection elicitation of long-lived humoral immunity, but exaggerated TFH responses can promote autoimmunity and other pathologies. It is unfortunate that no clinical interventions exist for the selective depletion of follicular T cells to alleviate these diseases. We engineered a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) facilitating the specific targeting of cells with high expression levels of human programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), a cardinal feature of follicular T cells. CAR-expressing human natural killer (NK) cells robustly and discriminately eliminated PD-1high follicular human T cells in vitro and in a humanized mouse model of lupus-like disease while sparing B cells and other PD-1low T cell subsets, including regulatory T cells. These results establish a strategy for specific targeting of PD-1high T cells that can be advanced as a clinical tool for the selective depletion of pathogenic follicular T cells or other PD-1high target cells in certain disease states.
Abstract 16814: A Prospective Evaluation of Frailty, Comorbidity and Quality of Life in Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease Undergoing Percutaneous Revascularization
Authors: Mandeep Singh, Charanjit S Rihal, Ryan J Lennon, John A Spertus, Sreekumaran Nair, Veronique L Roger
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Objectives: To assess the incremental prognostic value of age-associated impairment [frailty, comorbidity, and quality of life (QOL)] on mortality and mortality/myocardial infarction (MI) following...
Type II conventional dendritic cells of asthmatic patients with frequent exacerbations have an altered phenotype and frequency
Authors: Heleen Vroman, Irma Tindemans, Melanie Lukkes, Menno van Nimwegen, Geertje M. de Boer, Gerdien A. Tramper-Stranders, Gert-Jan Braunstahl, Rudi W. Hendriks, Mirjam Kool
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

<b>Proportions of conventional dendritic cell subsets and the expression of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules in cDC2s are altered in asthma patients. These changes are most pronounced in asthmatics with frequent exacerbations.</b>http://bit.ly/2wbb8UJ
Genetic manipulation of LKB1 elicits lethal metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Ivana Hermanova, Patricia Zúñiga-García, Alfredo Caro-Maldonado, Sonia Fernandez-Ruiz, Fernando Salvador, Natalia Martín-Martín, Amaia Zabala-Letona, Marc Nuñez-Olle, Verónica Torrano, Laura Camacho, Jose M. Lizcano, Ana Talamillo, Suzanne Carreira, Bora Gurel, Ana R. Cortazar, Marc Guiu, Jose I. López, Anabel Martinez-Romero, Ianire Astobiza, Lorea Valcarcel-Jimenez, Mar Lorente, Amaia Arruabarrena-Aristorena, Guillermo Velasco, Antonio Gomez-Muñoz, Cristian Suárez-Cabrera, Iris Lodewijk, Juana M. Flores, James D. Sutherland, Rosa Barrio, Johann S. de Bono, Jesús M. Paramio, Jan Trka, Mariona Graupera, Roger R. Gomis, Arkaitz Carracedo
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2020)

Gene dosage is a key defining factor to understand cancer pathogenesis and progression, which requires the development of experimental models that aid better deconstruction of the disease. Here, we model an aggressive form of prostate cancer and show the unconventional association of LKB1 dosage to prostate tumorigenesis. Whereas loss of Lkb1 alone in the murine prostate epithelium was inconsequential for tumorigenesis, its combination with an oncogenic insult, illustrated by Pten heterozygosity, elicited lethal metastatic prostate cancer. Despite the low frequency of LKB1 deletion in patients, this event was significantly enriched in lung metastasis. Modeling the role of LKB1 in cellular systems revealed that the residual activity retained in a reported kinase-dead form, LKB1K78I, was sufficient to hamper tumor aggressiveness and metastatic dissemination. Our data suggest that prostate cells can function normally with low activity of LKB1, whereas its complete absence influences prostate cancer pathogenesis and dissemination.
Abstract P5-08-11: Applying risk-based follow-up strategies on the Dutch breast cancer population: Consequences for care and costs
Authors: Teresa Draeger, Vinzenz Voelkel, Catharina GM Groothuis-Oudshoorn, Miha Lavric, Jeroen Veltman, Anneriet Dassen, Lisbeth J. Boersma, Annemieke Witteveen, Gabe S. Sonke, Hendrik Koffijberg, Sabine Siesling
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Purpose: An important aim of follow-up after primary breast cancer treatment is early detection of locoregional recurrences (LRR) to improve survival. This study proposes and simulates two personalized follow-up schemes based on LRR risk predictions provided by the INFLUENCE-nomogram (a time-dependent prognostic model for breast cancer-LRR) and quantifies their possible follow-up efficiency. Methods: Patients with early breast cancer who received surgery with curative intent between 2003 and 2008 were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. The INFLUENCE-nomogram was used to estimate five annual LRR risks for every patient. Applying two thresholds, defined according to (a) Youden’s J-statistic, and (b) a pre-defined follow-up sensitivity of 95%, these risk estimations served as basis to decide when to schedule follow-up visits; thus, two personalized follow-up schemes were simulated. The number of potentially saved follow-up visits and corresponding cost savings for each follow-up scheme were compared to the current Dutch breast cancer guideline on a training and testing cohort. Results: Using LRR risk predictions for 30,379 Dutch breast cancer patients from 2003 to 2006 (training cohort), two thresholds were calculated. The threshold according to Youden’s approach yielded a follow-up sensitivity of 62.5% and a potential saving of 62.1% of follow-up visits and 24.8 M €. When the threshold corresponding to 95% follow-up sensitivity is used, 17.0% of follow-up visits and 7.0 M € could be saved. Similar results were obtained by applying these thresholds to the testing cohort of 11,462 patients from 2007 to 2008. Conclusion: Personalized follow-up schemes based on the INFLUENCE-nomogram’s individual risk estimations for breast cancer-LRR could decrease the number of follow-up visits if one accepts a limited risk of delayed LRR detection. Citation Format: Teresa Draeger, Vinzenz Voelkel, Catharina GM Groothuis-Oudshoorn, Miha Lavric, Jeroen Veltman, Anneriet Dassen, Lisbeth J. Boersma, Annemieke Witteveen, Gabe S. Sonke, Hendrik Koffijberg, Sabine Siesling. Applying risk-based follow-up strategies on the Dutch breast cancer population: Consequences for care and costs [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-08-11.
Financial Impact of Positive Surgical Margins During Radical Prostatectomy and the Odds of Receiving Adjuvant Radiation Therapy
Authors: Michael W. Witthaus, Jonathan B. Bloom
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Alberto Martini, MD; Kathryn E. Marqueen, MD; Ugo Giovanni Falagario, MD; Nikhil Waingankar, MD, MSHP; Ethan Wajswol, MD; Fahad Khan, MD; Nicola Fossati, MD; Alberto Briganti, MD, PhD; Francesco Montorsi, MD; Ashutosh K. Tewari, MBBS, MCh; Richard Stock, MD; Ardeshir R. Rastinehad, DO
Machine intelligence in healthcare—perspectives on trustworthiness, explainability, usability, and transparency
Authors: Christine M. Cutillo, Karlie R. Sharma, Luca Foschini, Shinjini Kundu, Maxine Mackintosh, Kenneth D. Mandl, Tyler Beck, Elaine Collier, Christine Colvis, Kenneth Gersing, Valery Gordon, Roxanne Jensen, Behrouz Shabestari, Noel Southall
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2020)

Machine Intelligence (MI) is rapidly becoming an important approach across biomedical discovery, clinical research, medical diagnostics/devices, and precision medicine. Such tools can uncover new possibilities for researchers, physicians, and patients, allowing them to make more informed decisions and achieve better outcomes. When deployed in healthcare settings, these approaches have the potential to enhance efficiency and effectiveness of the health research and care ecosystem, and ultimately improve quality of patient care. In response to the increased use of MI in healthcare, and issues associated when applying such approaches to clinical care settings, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) co-hosted a Machine Intelligence in Healthcare workshop with the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) on 12 July 2019. Speakers and attendees included researchers, clinicians and patients/ patient advocates, with representation from industry, academia, and federal agencies. A number of issues were addressed, including: data quality and quantity; access and use of electronic health records (EHRs); transparency and explainability of the system in contrast to the entire clinical workflow; and the impact of bias on system outputs, among other topics. This whitepaper reports on key issues associated with MI specific to applications in the healthcare field, identifies areas of improvement for MI systems in the context of healthcare, and proposes avenues and solutions for these issues, with the aim of surfacing key areas that, if appropriately addressed, could accelerate progress in the field effectively, transparently, and ethically.
Abstract 14787: Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress From Increased NADPH Oxidase 4 Levels Induces Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Roberto Ramos-Mondragon, Aleksandr E Vendrov, Andrey Lozhkin, Justus M Anumonwo, Lori L Isom, Nageswara R Madamanchi, Marschall S Runge
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and prevalence of AF increases with age. Mitochondrial oxidative stress also increases with age and is implicated in AF pathogenesis, ...
FDA Approval Summary: Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine for the Adjuvant Treatment of HER2-positive Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Suparna Wedam, Lola Fashoyin-Aje, Xin Gao, Erik Bloomquist, Shenghui Tang, Rajeshwari Sridhara, Kirsten B. Goldberg, Bellinda L. King-Kallimanis, Marc R. Theoret, Amna Ibrahim, Laleh Amiri-Kordestani, Richard Pazdur, Julia A. Beaver
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

On May 3, 2019, the FDA granted regular approval to ado-trastuzumab emtansine (KADCYLA), for the adjuvant treatment of patients with HER2-positive early-breast cancer (EBC) who have residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant taxane-based chemotherapy and trastuzumab-based treatment. Approval was based on data from the KATHERINE trial, which randomized patients to receive ado-trastuzumab emtansine or trastuzumab. At 3 years, the event-free rate for invasive disease-free survival in the ado-trastuzumab emtansine arm was 88.3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 85.8-90.7] compared with 77.0% (95% CI, 73.8-80.7) in the trastuzumab arm, (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.39-0.64; P < 0.0001). Results from secondary endpoints, subgroup analyses, and sensitivity analyses generally supported the primary efficacy endpoint results. Common adverse reactions (>25% and higher incidence in ado-trastuzumab emtansine arm) with ado-trastuzumab emtansine were fatigue, nausea, increased transaminases, musculoskeletal pain, hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia, headache, peripheral neuropathy, and arthralgia. Ado-trastuzumab emtansine is the first drug approved for the treatment of patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant treatment and surgery. This article summarizes the FDA review and the data supporting the approval of ado-trastuzumab emtansine as a component of treatment for patients with HER2-positive EBC with residual disease.
A new tumor biomarker: Serum protein peak at 3144 m/z in patients with node-positive breast cancer.
Authors: zhan-Hong Chen, Shen-Hua Xu, Dan Su, Wei Liu, Hongjian Yang, Shang-Nao Xie, Xuli Meng, Lei Lei, Wang Xiao Jia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e22050 Background: To explore the association of the 3144 m/z and the clinicopathological features and its clinical value in the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer. Methods: Using SELDI-TOF-MS, we analyzed serum 3144 m/z in 298 patients patients with node-positive breast cancer after mastectomy. The association between 3144 m/z and clinicopathological features was evaluated. We also evaluated their prognosis value in survival using univariable and multivariable statistical analyses. Results: The positive rate was higher in 3144 m/z than CA153 (36.6% versus 11.5%, p &lt;0.001). The 3144 m/z positive rate was no difference in patients with CA153 negative or positive (35.3% versus 29.6%, P =0.563). 3144 m/z was higher elder cases (&gt; 50 years old) than young group(&lt;or=50 years old). There were no correlation was found between 3144 m/z and other clinicopathological features, except for the age (42.8% in &gt; 50-year-old and 31.2% in young,χ 2 =4.227, P=0.040). The patients with 3144m/z negative (n=189) had higher 3-year OS rate than positive (n=109), 89.5% versus 81.7% (P=0.034). Also in young (P=0.024), postmenopasual (P=0.025), small tumor (P&lt;0.001), node(-) or less (P&lt;0.001), early stage (P&lt;0.001), good molecular type (P=0.019), normal CA153 (P&lt;0.001), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P=0.001). Using Cox proportional hazards model,analysis showed that basal-like type (worse, P=0.038), CA153 positive (worse, P=0.015), adjuvant chemotherapy (better, P=0.028) and adjuvant radiotherapy (better, P=0.032) were independent prognostic factors in patients with node-positive breast cancer. but the 3144m/z was not. Conclusions: Serum protein peak at 3144 m/z provides a new, practical biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer.
Venetoclax plus LDAC for newly diagnosed AML ineligible for intensive chemotherapy: a phase 3 randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Andrew H. Wei, Pau Montesinos, Vladimir Ivanov, Courtney D. DiNardo, Jan Novak, Kamel Laribi, Inho Kim, Don A. Stevens, Walter Fiedler, Maria Pagoni, Olga Samoilova, Yu Hu, Achilles Anagnostopoulos, Julie Bergeron, Jing-Zhou Hou, Vidhya Murthy, Takahiro Yamauchi, Andrew McDonald, Brenda Chyla, Sathej Gopalakrishnan, Qi Jiang, Wellington Mendes, John Hayslip, Panayiotis Panayiotidis
Journal: Blood (2020)