tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Public Health Implications of Rising Marijuana Use in Pregnancy in an Age of Increasing Legalization
Authors: Kristina Ericksen, Shetal Shah, Heather L. Brumberg
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Growth inhibition by Parthenolide in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Daizo Oka, Kazuo Nishimura, Masahiro Shiba, Yasuyuki Arai, Masashi Nakayama, Kiyonori Shimizu, Hitoshi Inoue, Natsuki Takaha, Norio Nonomura, Akihiko Okuyama
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

820  Introduction and Objective The sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide, the principal active component in medicinal plants, has been used conventionally to treat migraines or inflammation. Parthenolide is reported to inhibit a common step in NF-κB activation by preventing the TNF-α-induced induction of IκB kinase(IKK) and IKKβ. The objective of this study is to test antitumor effect of parthenolide against renal cell carcinoma( RCC ). Methods Four RCC cell lines( OUR-10, ACHN, Caki-1, NC-65 ) were seeded in 96-well plates and incubated with the parthenolide( 1-10 μM ) for 1-5 days, and assayed for their growth by using MTS assay. Apoptosis was assessed, 0-24 hr after treatment of 2-5 μM parthenolide, by using APOPercentage kit. In vivo xenograft model, 6week-old male nude mice were each given a single subcutaneous injection in the dorsal area of 5×106 OUR-10 cells(n=5, each). Three times a week, mice were each given a subcutaneous injection of parthenolide dissolved in 0.1% ethanol at peritumor site (3μg per body). Control mice were given an injection of 0.1% ethanol. Tumor volumes were measured weekly and determined by the following formula: length × width2 × 0.5236. Results The parthenolide showed significant growth inhibition of all RCC cell lines examined in dose-dependent manner, and the percentage of apoptosic cell treated with parthenolide increased dose-dependently. In the xenograft model, the tumors of parthenolide treated group was significantly smaller than those of control group(P
Dual mechanism of action of T2 inhibitor therapies in virally induced exacerbations of asthma: evidence for a beneficial counter-regulation
Authors: John Efthimiou, Chris Poll, Peter J. Barnes
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

Biological agents such as omalizumab and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that inhibit type 2 (T2) immunity significantly reduce exacerbations, which are mainly due to viral infections, when added to inhaled corticosteroids in patients with severe asthma. The mechanisms for the therapeutic benefit of T2 inhibitors in reducing virally induced exacerbations, however, remain to be fully elucidated. Pre-clinical and clinical evidence supports the existence of a close counter-regulation of the high-affinity IgE receptor and interferon (IFN) pathways, and a potential dual mechanism of action and therapeutic benefit for omalizumab and other T2 inhibitors that inhibit IgE activity, which may enhance the prevention and treatment of virally induced asthma exacerbations. Similar evidence regarding some novel T2 inhibitor therapies, including mAbs and small-molecule inhibitors, suggests that such a dual mechanism of action with enhancement of IFN production working through non-IgE pathways might also exist. The specific mechanisms for this dual effect could be related to the close counter-regulation between T2 and T1 immune pathways, and potential key underlying mechanisms are discussed. Further basic research and better understanding of these underlying counter-regulatory mechanisms could provide novel therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of virally induced asthma exacerbations, as well as T2- and non-T2-driven asthma. Future clinical research should examine the effects of T2 inhibitors on IFN responses and other T1 immune pathways, in addition to any effects on the frequency and severity of viral and other infections and related exacerbations in patients with asthma as a priority.
TCTAP A-050 Acute and Mid-term Results of Directional Coronary Atherectomy (DCA) Adjunctive Drug-coated Balloon (DCB) Angioplasty
Authors: Tomoko Kobayashi, Shigeru Nakamura, Junpei Koike, Taito Nagai, Atsushi Funatsu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
A Clinically Applicable Gene-Expression Classifier Reveals Intrinsic and Extrinsic Contributions to Consensus Molecular Subtypes in Primary and Metastatic Colon Cancer
Authors: Robert Piskol, Ling Huw, Ismail Sergin, Christiaan Kljin, Zora Modrusan, Doris Kim, Noelyn Kljavin, Rachel Tam, Rajesh Patel, Jeremy Burton, Elicia Penuel, Xueping Qu, Hartmut Koeppen, Teiko Sumiyoshi, Frederic de Sauvage, Mark R. Lackner, Felipe de Sousa e Melo, Omar Kabbarah
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Four consensus molecular subtypes (CMS1-4) of colorectal cancer were identified in primary tumors and found to be associated with distinctive biological features and clinical outcomes. Given that distant metastasis largely accounts for colorectal cancer-related mortality, we examined the molecular and clinical attributes of CMS in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).We developed a colorectal cancer-focused NanoString-based CMS classifier that is ideally suited to interrogate archival tissues. We successfully used this panel in the CMS classification of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues from mCRC cohorts, one of which is composed of paired primary tumors and metastases. Finally, we developed novel mouse implantation models to enable modeling of colorectal cancer in vivo at relevant sites.Using our classifier, we find that the biological hallmarks of mCRC, including CMS, are in general highly similar to those observed in nonmetastatic early-stage disease. Importantly, our data demonstrate that CMS1 has the worst outcome in relapsed disease, compared with other CMS. Assigning CMS to primary tumors and their matched metastases reveals mostly concordant subtypes between primary and metastasis. Molecular analysis of matched discordant pairs reveals differences in stromal composition at each site. The development of two novel in vivo orthotopic implantation models further reinforces the notion that extrinsic factors may impact on CMS identification in matched primary and metastatic colorectal cancer.We describe the utility of a NanoString panel for CMS classification of FFPE clinical samples. Our work reveals the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on colorectal cancer heterogeneity during disease progression.
PS-028-Viral escape contributes to the failure of hepatitis D virus-specific CD8+ T-cells and drives evolution of HDV
Authors: Valerie Oberhardt, Hadi Karimzadeh, Muthamia M. Kiraithe, Elahe Salimi Alizei, Jan Bockmann, Julian Schulze zur Wiesch, Bettina Budeus, Daniel Hoffmann, Heiner Wedemeyer, Francisco Rodríguez-Frías, Rosario Casillas, Maria Buti, Antonina Smedile, Seyed Moayed Alavian, Andreas Heinold, Florian Emmerich, Marcus Panning, Emma Gostick, David A. Price, Jörg Timm, Maike Hofmann, Bijan Raziorrouh, Robert Thimme, Ulrike Protzer, Michael Roggendorf, Christoph Neumann-Haefelin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
FRI-399-Impact of a temporary cardiac arrest in a brain dead liver donor on liver transplantation results
Authors: Elodie Timsit, Eric Savier, Yann De-Rycke, Meriem Khalfallah, Frederic Charlotte, Rousseau Geraldine, Perdigao Fabiano, Corinne Vezinet, Olivier Scatton, Filomena Conti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Association of Cumulative Socioeconomic and Health-Related Disadvantage With Disparities in Smoking Prevalence in the United States, 2008 to 2017
Authors: Adam M. Leventhal, Mariel S. Bello, Ellen Galstyan, Stephen T. Higgins, Jessica L. Barrington-Trimis
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Understanding emerging patterns of smoking disparities among disadvantaged populations can guide tobacco control policy.To estimate disparities in smoking prevalence associated with the number of socioeconomic and health-related disadvantages faced by a population among US adults from 2008 to 2017.Nationally representative cross-sectional annual household-based probability sample of US noninstitutionalized residents. Polytomous regression estimated associations of disadvantage variables, survey year, and their interaction with the following 3 pairwise contrasts: current vs never smoking (estimate of overall disparities), current vs former smoking (unique contribution of disparities in smoking cessation), and former vs never smoking (unique contribution of disparities in smoking initiation). The setting was in-home face-to-face interviews. Participants were respondents in 2008 to 2017 survey years who were aged 25 years or older (N = 279 559).Self-reported past-year unemployment, income below the federal poverty line, absence of high school diploma, disability/limitation interfering with daily functions, serious psychological distress on the Kessler 6-item screen, and at least 60 past-year heavy drinking days, each coded yes or no. These indicators were summed in a cumulative disadvantage index (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or 6).Self-reported current, former (ever smoked ≥100 cigarettes, had since quit, and not currently smoking), and never (<100 cigarettes) smoking.Among 278 048 respondents (mean [SD] age, 51.9 [16.8] years; 55.7% female) with data on smoking history (99.5% of the sample), the mean current smoking prevalence across 2008 to 2017 compared with populations without disadvantages was successively higher among populations with 1 disadvantage (21.4% vs 13.8%; current vs never smoking adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.34; 95% CI, 2.27-2.43), 2 disadvantages (26.6% vs 13.8%; OR, 3.55; 95% CI, 3.39-3.72), 3 disadvantages (35.1% vs 13.8%; OR, 5.35; 95% CI, 5.05-5.66), 4 disadvantages (45.7% vs 13.8%; OR, 8.59; 95% CI, 7.91-9.34), or 5 or 6 disadvantages (58.2% vs 13.8%; OR, 14.70; 95% CI, 12.30-17.50). In current vs former and former vs never smoking status contrasts, ORs were lower but also showed successively greater associations with increasing cumulative disadvantage. Current (vs never) smoking odds significantly declined each year among populations with 0 (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.94-0.96), 1 (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.95-0.97), or 2 (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97-0.99) disadvantages but did not change across 2008 to 2017 among those with 3 or more disadvantages.Results of this study demonstrate that US disparities in smoking prevalence from 2008 to 2017 were successively larger with each additional disadvantage faced, were expressed in higher smoking initiation odds and lower smoking cessation odds, and widened over time.
A new simple low-cost multiplexed targeted sequencing assay to detect recurrent fusion genes in sarcomas.
Authors: Emilie Angot, Philippe Ruminy, Vinciane Marchand, France Blanchard, Elodie Colas, jean-Michel Picquenot, Marie Cornic, Christian Bastard, Jean-Christophe Sabourin, Fabrice Jardin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

10568 Background: Sarcomas represent a heterogeneous group of tumors comprising more than 50 histological different types. Ten to fifteen percent of sarcomas are characterized by specific translocations which are routinely used as molecular markers for diagnosis, providing crucial information for prognosis and therapeutic decision. Today, translocations are detected by FISH or RT-PCR. However, these methods can only detect a limited number of transcripts simultaneously. Since the development of high throughput sequencing, the number of specific translocations continues to grow and it seems that we have reached the limits of this molecular “one-shot” approach. Methods: We have developed a simple low-cost (less than 6 dollars per patient) assay based on multiplex ligation-dependent RT-PCR for simultaneous screening of more than 50 rearrangements present in sarcomas. To validate this assay, we selected 42 formalin fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) sarcomas with known molecular alteration. In the case of non-contributive results, we repeated the analyses with snap-frozen tissue. Results: We detected fusion transcript for 9 synovial sarcomas (9/9), 9 alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas (9/9), 4 Ewing sarcomas (4/6), 2 Ewing like sarcomas with BCOR-CCNB3 fusion transcript (2/2), 6 myxoid liposarcomas (6/7), 2 desmoplastic small round cell tumors (2/2), 1 dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (1/2), 1 clear cell sarcoma (1/1), 2 angiomatoid fibrous histiocytomas (2/2), 1 infantile fibrosarcoma (1/1) and 1 solitary fibrous tumor (1/1). For 7 tumors, sequence quality was only reached using cryopreserved tissue. We did not detect transcript for 2 primary bone Ewing sarcomas and 1 dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Unfortunately, for these latter tumors we did not have cryopreserved tissue. One myxoid liposarcoma transcript was not detected using FFPE and cryopreserved tissue. Conclusions: We have developed a multiplexed assay which can reveal a very large number of gene fusions in sarcomas with good sensitivity and excellent specificity. These promising results provide an opening for this new rapid simple low-cost multiplexed targeted sequencing assay as an alternative method to FISH and RT-PCR for routine diagnosis.
Delay of DNR orders when the decision is made by an involved surrogate compared to decision by the patient.
Authors: Maria Alma Rodriguez, Alma Yvette DeJesus, Lee Cheng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20510 Background: A Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order is written by a physician in consultation with a patient or surrogate decision-maker to indicate whether or not the patient will receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the setting of cardiac and/or respiratory arrest. We hypothesized that due to the more complex ethical and communication issues involved in surrogate decision-making compared to patient decision-making, the timing of inpatient DNR orders may be different. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all adult patients ( ≥ 18 years) with cancer who had experienced care at MD Anderson Cancer Center as inpatients, and received an inpatient DNR order between January 01, 2011 and December 31, 2013. We collected demographic and clinical variables of patients and the information on selection of decision maker from written DNR orders. Results: Of 4,157 unique patients, decisions for DNR orders were made by: patient 16.7%; surrogate 36.2%; and shared 47.1%. An early DNR decision ( < 5 days) was most frequent when the decision was made by the patient (73.0%), followed by shared (70.0%), and least frequently when made by the surrogate (48.8%). The mean time from admission to DNR order was significantly earlier when the decision was made by the patient (5.0 days; median, 2.5 days), compared to the surrogate only (11.9 days; median, 5.5 days) (P < 0.01). The mean hospital length of stay was also significantly less when the patient made the decision (10.2 days, median, 7.0 days) than for surrogate decision (16.2 days, median, 10.0 days) (P < 0.01). In a multivariable regression model, the DNR order was twice as likely to delay when made by a surrogate than when decision was made by the patient (Odds ratio (OR), 1.9; 95% Confidence interval (CI), 1.5 to 2.3) (P < 0.01). There was no difference in timings between shared-decision and patient-only decision (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.9 to 1.3) (P > 0.01). Conclusions: InpatientDNR orders took a longer time when the decisions were solely made by surrogates compared to patients who made their own decision. We need more information regarding the process of decision making and how or why these differ between patients and surrogates to optimize care delivery.
Effect of central nervous system (CNS) metastases in a real-world multicenter cohort study of Spanish ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (p)
Authors: L. Angelats, M.R. Garcia Campelo, R. Bernabe Caro, E. Arriola Aperribay, V. Calvo de Juan, A. Barba Joaquín, N. Vinolas Segarra, M.D.L.L. Gil Moreno, L. Vilà Martinez, O.J. Juan Vidal, N. Vilariño Quintela, M. Cobo, E. Sais, M. Domine Gomez, N. Fernandez Nuñez, J. Coves Sarto, R. Marse Fabregat, A.M. Esteve Gomez, D. Rodríguez-Abreu, E. Carcereny Costa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: CNS is a common site of metastases in patients with ALK-positive NSCLC. CNS metastases are associated with a number of deleterious effects, such as reduction in quality of life. However, the relationship between brain metastases and prognosis remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effect of CNS metastases on overall survival (OS) in a multicenter cohort of Spanish ALK-positive NSCLC patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2017. Methods: We included patients with stage IV at diagnoses, followed up to April 2018; OS (months [m]) was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Survival curves were compared between groups of patients using the log-rank test. Hazard risk (HR) to death was estimated with multivariable Cox model. Results: Out of 163 patients in the cohort, a total of 116 were evaluated, with a median of follow-up of 29.2 m and 59 deaths reported. Characteristics at diagnosis were a median age of 58 years, 50% female, 58.6% never-smokers, 54.3% with comorbidities, PS by ECOG 0-1 93.1%. CNS metastases (median number of lesions 6) were present in 43.1% of patients and 34% of patients with CNS metastases were treated with local therapy (11.8 % local radiotherapy and 76.5% holocraneal radiotherapy). ALK inhibitors as first line and second line treatment were administered to 45.5% and 78.6% of patients, respectively. The median OS was 39 months; OS in patients with CNS metastases at diagnosis was 34.4 m and 39.0 m in those without CNS metastases at diagnosis (p=.9). In patients without CNS metastases at baseline (n=60), 22 developed CNS, with a median OS greater than in those without CNS metastases during follow-up, although the difference is not significant (45.5 m vs 33.3 m; p=.9). There were 81 patients who presented with metastases in more than one organ and 33 patients with metastases in a single organ. The risk of death increased as the number of metastatic organs at diagnoses increased (HR=1.26, p=.0305), with worse OS in those presenting with liver metastases at diagnoses (21.1%, OS: 20 m), compared to those without tumor involvement (OS: 45.4 m; p =.008). Conclusions: OS was similar for ALK-positive NSCLC patients with and without CNS metastases at diagnoses. OS was worse as the number of metastatic organs at diagnosis increased, with liver metastases being associated with the highest risk of mortality. Legal entity responsible for the study: Catalan Oncology Institute. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
The Level of Physical Activity before and after Lymphoma Diagnosis Impacts Overall and Lymphoma-Specific Survival
Authors: Priyanka Pophali, Melissa C. Larson, Allison C. Rosenthal, Matthew J Maurer, Jonathon B Cohen, Andrew Ip, Christopher Flowers, Brian K Link, Umar Farooq, Andrew L Feldman, Cristine Allmer, Susan L Slager, Thomas M Habermann, James R. Cerhan, Carrie A Thompson
Journal: Blood (2017)
Findings From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System on Health-Related Quality of Life Among US Transgender Adults, 2014-2017
Authors: Kellan E. Baker
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Discussion | Rates of advanced imaging increased 0.78 per 100 E&M visits compared with a mean of 2.3 in the first quarter after an injury report against a physician's peer, but this increase did not persist.These results are consistent with prior research that suggests that perceived malpractice risk, rather than objective malpractice risk, may influence defensive medicine. 2Limitations to this study include an inability to distinguish responses based solely on malpractice concerns from responses based on wanting to avoid similar injuries.Results are limited to the Medicare population in Florida and may not be generalizable to other populations.
Maintaining physical activity during (head and neck) cancer treatment (MPACT): Results of a pilot controlled trial.
Authors: Shruti Jolly, Shuang Zhao, Zora Djuric, Jessica Zhou, Yebin Tao, Matthew J Schipper, Avraham Eisbruch, Francis P. Worden, Scott Strath, Neil Alexander
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20606 Background: Concurrent chemotherapy and radiation (CCRT) to treat head and neck cancer (HNCa) is associated with significant reductions of weight, mobility and quality of life (QoL). Supportive interventions during CCRT are lacking to prevent this decline into cancer survivorship. Methods: A pilot controlled trial focusing on functional resistance and walking exercise intervention (MPACT) was designed to attenuate these losses. Our primary aims were to assess the benefits of MPACT on muscle strength, functional mobility, and self-reported QoL in HNCa patients. We allocated patients to a 14-week functional resistance and walking program designed to maintain physical activity during cancer treatment (MPACT, n = 11), or to usual care (Control, n = 9). Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 7 and 14 weeks. Results: Compared to controls, the MPACT participants had attenuated decline or improvement in several strength, mobility, physical activity, diet, and quality of life endpoints. These trends were statistically significant (p < 0.05) in functional mobility (knee strength), mental health (emotional well-being), head and neck QoL, and barriers to exercise. Sleep also showed improvement in the MPACT patients. Conclusions: The MPACT functional resistance and walking exercise intervention for HNCa patients, both during CCRT and afterwards, appears feasible. The findings of attenuation in decline during CCRT as well as improvements up through 14 weeks in the MPACT versus control groups suggest efficacy. Improvements tended to occur not just in physical, but also in mental/behavioral outcomes, suggesting a broader effect of the program. This provides the basis for larger future interventions with longer follow-up.