tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Anthony David Griffiths
Authors: Andrew Dawson
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Anthony David Griffiths (“Tony”) was born on 5 March 1937 in Merthyr Tydfil. Tony’s mother, Eira (nee Lewis), was a haberdasher and needlewoman, and his father, Trefor, and grandfather were respected lawyers in the town. He was brought up in Cefn Coed y Cwmmer, with the rivers Tâf Fechan to the east and Tâf Fawr to the west, leading Tony to observe that he was “raised in the arms of the Tâf, and you can’t get more Welsh than that!”

He knew from an early age he was destined to a career in science, and by 14 he knew he wanted to be a children’s doctor, from which ambition he never faltered.

Tony was a bright student, sitting A levels a year early and winning both state and Isaac Roberts open scholarships to study at the Welsh National School of Medicine. He gained distinctions in nearly all the medical sciences, …
Quality Assessment of a Systematic Review for HIV Infection and Advanced-Stage Cancer—In Reply
Authors: Michael R. Cook, Chul Kim
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Anterior cingulate cortex dysfunction underlies social deficits in Shank3 mutant mice
Authors: Baolin Guo, Jing Chen, Qian Chen, Keke Ren, Dayun Feng, Honghui Mao, Han Yao, Jing Yang, Haiying Liu, Yingying Liu, Fan Jia, Chuchu Qi, Taylor Lynn-Jones, Hailan Hu, Zhanyan Fu, Guoping Feng, Wenting Wang, Shengxi Wu
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2019)
Nox2 contributes to age-related oxidative damage to neurons and the cerebral vasculature
Authors: Lampson M. Fan, Li Geng, Sarah Cahill-Smith, Fangfei Liu, Gillian Douglas, Chris-Anne Mckenzie, Colin Smith, Gavin Brooks, Keith M. Channon, Jian-Mei Li
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2019)

Oxidative stress plays an important role in aging-related neurodegeneration. This study used littermates of WT and Nox2-knockout (Nox2KO) mice plus endothelial cell–specific human Nox2 overexpression–transgenic (HuNox2Tg) mice to investigate Nox2-derived ROS in brain aging. Compared with young WT mice (3–4 months), aging WT mice (20–22 months) had obvious metabolic disorders and loss of locomotor activity. Aging WT brains had high levels of angiotensin II (Ang II) and ROS production; activation of ERK1/2, p53, and γH2AX; and losses of capillaries and neurons. However, these abnormalities were markedly reduced in aging Nox2KO brains. HuNox2Tg brains at middle age (11–12 months) already had high levels of ROS production and activation of stress signaling pathways similar to those found in aging WT brains. The mechanism of Ang II–induced endothelial Nox2 activation in capillary damage was examined using primary brain microvascular endothelial cells. The clinical significance of Nox2-derived ROS in aging-related loss of cerebral capillaries and neurons was investigated using postmortem midbrain tissues of young (25–38 years) and elderly (61–85 years) adults. In conclusion, Nox2 activation is an important mechanism in aging-related cerebral capillary rarefaction and reduced brain function, with the possibility of a key role for endothelial cells.
Non-Driver Mutations and Gene Sequence Variants Identified By Targeted Deep Sequencing in Polycythemia Vera and Essential Thrombocythemia
Authors: Prajwal Boddu, Alay Mansurov, Lucia Masarova, Prithviraj Bose, Keyur P. Patel, Zeev Estrov, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Srdan Verstovsek
Journal: Blood (2017)
Persistent cognitive deficits in breast cancer survivors treated with adjuvant chemotherapy: Neuropsychological and neurophysiological evidence
Authors: S. B. Schagen, B. Kreukels, F. Van Dam
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

8556 Background: Cognitive deficits are reported in several studies in women with breast cancer treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. The current aim was to investigate whether breast cancer patients that had deviant cognitive performance on neuropsychological tests one year after treatment, differed from patients with intact performance on neurophysiological parameters and self-reported complaints, this time examined five years post treatment. Methods: 63 breast cancer patients treated with CMF chemotherapy underwent neuropsychological testing one year post therapy. Their performance was compared to that of healthy controls (n=60). 26 of these patients were examined neurophysiologically 4 years after the initial neuropsychological assessment. Neurophysiological assessment included quantitative EEG, auditory oddball task and a visual information processing task with concurrent EEG registration. Patients were also interviewed regarding cognitive complaints experienced in daily life. Results: At the initial neuropsychological assessment 33.3% of breast cancer patients treated with CMF chemotherapy were classified as cognitively impaired compared to 10% of healthy controls (p=.01). At the neurophysiological assessment four years later, patients that scored in the impaired range on the initial neuropsychological examination had significantly longer P3 latencies and reduced P3 amplitudes in an information processing task. The impaired patients also made more errors, had longer reaction times, and reported more cognitive complaints. Conclusion: The results of this study show converging neuropsychological and neurophysiological evidence for the persistence of cognitive problems in breast cancer patients up to five years after completion of CMF chemotherapy. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Functional organ preservation in larynx cancer: Correlation with baseline clinical and pathological features.
Authors: Maria Jose de Miguel Luken, Elena Diaz Pena, Manuel Chaves-Conde, Veronica de Miguel Luken, David Chinchon Espino, Amancio Carnero Moya, Jeronimo Pachon Ibanez, Alicia Menoyo Bueno, Luis Paz-Ares
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e16037 Background: Functional organ preservation in larynx cancer has become a treatment quality aim. The goal of our study was to evaluate the potential association between clinical and pathological features and functional larynx preservation (FLP). Methods: Clinical and pathological features were registered from 43 consecutive patients who were diagnosed of squamous cell larynx cancer between Feb 2008 and Sep 2011 and were candidates to organ preservation approaches: surgery (1), radiotherapy (10), chemo/bioradiotherapy (26) or chemo/bioradiotherapy following induction chemotherapy (6). Kaplan Meier procedure was used to estimate FLP and OS. Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression were performed to assess prognostic factors for FLP. Results: Median age was 62 years (23% &gt;70 years). Former smokers 28% and alcohol consumers 70%. Most of the tumors were supraglottic (63% supraglottic/35% glottic/2% subglottic), T3 (T4 9%/T3 67%/T2 19%/T1 5%), N0 (N0 74%/N+ 26%), well/moderated differentiated histologic grade (HG) (I 23%/II 49%/III 14%) and stage III or IV (I 2%/II 16%/III 58%/IVA 23%). 33% required pretreatment tracheostomy. At the time of the analysis, with a median follow-up of 21 months, 7(16%) deaths and 18(42%) recurrences had occurred. The cumulative proportion of patients with larynx preservation at 2 years was 48%, and the median FLP survival was 21 months (CI 95%: 10.5-31.5). The most common cause of FLP failure was recurrence, that required salvage laryngectomy in 77% of cases. The following features were found to have a significant negative impact on FLP: T4 (HR: 9.04), former smoker (HR: 2.45), N+ (HR 1.36) and stage IV (HR: 2.44). Other factors such as tumor location, age, alcohol consumption, HG and pretreatment tracheostomy were not significant. Conclusions: The most relevant risk factors for FLP in our analysis were T4 stage, lymph node status, former smoker status and stage IVA. Therefore, patients presenting these features would not be optimal candidates for organ preservation approaches. Correlation of these prognostic factors with predictive biomarkers for specific treatments is warranted.
Social motivation in children with autism: Support from attachment research
Authors: David Oppenheim, Nina Koren-Karie, Tirtsa Joels
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2019)

Abstract We provide support from attachment research to the argument that children with autism only appear to lack social motivation. This research has shown that the attachment system of children with autism is intact, and one-half form secure attachments. This is illustrated with an observation of a young child with autism during a separation and reunion observation with his mother.
Abstract 16672: Determining the Diagnostic Yield for Atrial Fibrillation Using Continuous Smartwatch Monitoring
Authors: Matthieu Genicot, Amaury Vanvinckenroye, Tine Proesmans, Julie Vranken, Pieter Vandervoort
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Smartwatch technologies become ubiquitous in our daily life and can contribute to better health. The optical sensing element (photoplethysmography or PPG) enables continuous heart rate and heart rhythm monitoring. However, signal quality is a major challenge to overcome to improve the diagnostic yield. Hypothesis: To compare the diagnostic yield of AF detection between traditional 24h Holter and continuous wearable monitoring. Methods: In this study, patients receiving a diagnostic 24h ECG Holter monitor were parallel provided with a wearable smartwatch device capable of continuous PPG logging. Data was recorded up to 24 hours and the ECG and PPG signals were synchronized. The PPG signals were analyzed by the FibriCheck algorithms and compared towards the Holter analysis results. Results: In total, 100 patients participated in the study with a mean age of 60±13 years and 53.8% was male. Over 142,560 minutes of data have been collected from both Holter and wearable device. On average, 45% of the data was labeled as insufficient quality. There was a significant (P&lt;0.001) difference in presence of bad quality between day (47.5%) and night (10.6%). In total, on Holter, 9.6% of the data was labelled as atrial fibrillation, while on the PPG signal only 6.5% AF was found. Missing AF occurred during episodes of insufficient quality, impacting the diagnostic yield. Without a quality detection system, a over-diagnostic rate of 48.1% AF was observed. Conclusions: Initial results indicate the feasibility of continuous heart rhythm monitoring using wearable systems. However, optimizing the diagnostic yield remains a challenge. Diagnostic results obtained during the night are in high agreement between Holter and wearable.
Gut microbiome affects the response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yi Zheng, Tingting Wang, Xiaoxuan Tu, Yun Huang, Hangyu Zhang, Di Tan, Weiqin Jiang, Shunfeng Cai, Peng Zhao, Ruixue Song, Peilu Li, Nan Qin, Weijia Fang
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2019)

Checkpoint-blockade immunotherapy targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) has recently shown promising efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the factors affecting and predicting the response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in HCC are still unclear. Herein, we report the dynamic variation characteristics and specificities of the gut microbiome during anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in HCC using metagenomic sequencing.Fecal samples from patients responding to immunotherapy showed higher taxa richness and more gene counts than those of non-responders. For dynamic analysis during anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, the dissimilarity of beta diversity became prominent across patients as early as Week 6. In non-responders, Proteobacteria increased from Week 3, and became predominant at Week 12. Twenty responder-enriched species, including Akkermansia muciniphila and Ruminococcaceae spp., were further identified. The related functional genes and metabolic pathway analysis, such as carbohydrate metabolism and methanogenesis, verified the potential bioactivities of responder-enriched species.Gut microbiome may have a critical impact on the responses of HCC patients treated with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. The dynamic variation characteristics of the gut microbiome may provide early predictions of the outcomes of immunotherapy in HCC, which is critical for disease-monitoring and treatment decision-making.
Medical Overuse and Appendicitis Treatment—Reply
Authors: Eric R. Coon, Alan R. Schroeder
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Abstract 20126: CRP, Risk Factors and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events: Insights From ACCELERATE
Authors: Daniel J Scherer, Stephen J Nicholls, A Michael Lincoff, Venu Menon, Jeffrey S Riesmeyer, Giacomo Ruotolo, Govinda J Weerakkody, Kathy Wolski, Ellen McErlean, Steven E Nissen
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The relationship between elevated inflammatory markers and major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) rates in ...
Association of genetic variants in plastin family genes with tumor recurrence in stage II/III colon cancer.
Authors: Yan Ning, Thomas Winder, Wu Zhang, Dongyun Yang, Fotios Loupakis, Takeru Wakatsuki, Pierre Oliver Bohanes, Rita EI-Khoueiry, Afsaneh Barzi, Syma Iqbal, Anthony EI-Khoueiry, Heinz-Josef Lenz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e14031 Background: Plastins belong to a subclass of actin-binding proteins known as actin bundling proteins. Plastins family constitute of two isoforms in human as T-plastin (PLS3) and L-plastin (LCP1). Recent in vitro and in vivo studies found plastin genes are overexpressed in colon cancer cells and can lead to increased proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Here we tested the hypothesis whether potential functional tagging polymorphisms in PLS3 (rs6643869, rs5987947, rs2522188) and LCP1 (rs4941543, rs1409429, rs11342) may predict tumor recurrence in adjuvant colon cancer patients. Methods: Either blood or FFPE tissue specimens were obtained from 234 patients (107 females and 127 males; median age 59 years (range 22–78 years)) with stage II (105 patients) or III (129 patients) colon cancer at the University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center. The median follow-up was 4.4 years. PLS3 and LCP1 SNPs were determined by PCR-RFLP or PCR-based direct sequence. The primary endpoint of the study was time to tumor recurrence (TTR). Results: In univariable analysis, PLS3 rs6643869 and LCP1 rs4941543 were significantly associated with time to tumor recurrence (TTR). Patients with PLS3 AA genotype had shortest median TTR 3.2 years (95% C.I: 1.5-10.7) compared to those with AG or GG genotype, which had median TTR 9.4 years (95% C.I: 5.7-12.2) (p=0.012, log-rank test). Patients with LCP1 CC genotype had longer median TTR 10.7 years (95% C.I: 5.7-16.8+) compared to those with CT and TT genotypes, which had shorter median TTR 4.9 years (95% C.I: 1.4-9.0+)(p=0.040, log-rank test). PLS3 rs6643869 remained significant in the multivariate Cox regression model adjusted by stage and type of adjuvant therapy and stratified by race (p=0.021). Conclusions: Our preliminary results demonstrated that polymorphisms in plastin family genes PLS3 and LCP1 might be potential molecular markers to predict TTR in adjuvant colon cancer. Further large and biomarker embedded trial needed to confirm our findings.
Abatacept in Early Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis: Results of a Phase <scp>II</scp> Investigator‐Initiated, Multicenter, Double‐Blind, Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Trial
Authors: Dinesh Khanna, Cathie Spino, Sindhu Johnson, Lorinda Chung, Michael L. Whitfield, Christopher P. Denton, Veronica Berrocal, Jennifer Franks, Bhavan Mehta, Jerry Molitor, Virginia D. Steen, Robert Lafyatis, Robert W. Simms, Anna Gill, Suzanne Kafaja, Tracy M. Frech, Vivien Hsu, Robyn T. Domsic, Janet E. Pope, Jessica K. Gordon, Maureen D. Mayes, Elena Schiopu, Amber Young, Nora Sandorfi, Jane Park, Faye N. Hant, Elana J. Bernstein, Soumya Chatterjee, Flavia V. Castelino, Ali Ajam, Yue Wang, Tammara Wood, Yannick Allanore, Marco Matucci‐Cerinic, Oliver Distler, Ora Singer, Erica Bush, David A. Fox, Daniel E. Furst
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2019)

T cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of early systemic sclerosis. This study was undertaken to assess the safety and efficacy of abatacept in patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc).
Bioinspired Liposomes for Oral Delivery of Colistin to Combat Intracellular Infections by <i>Salmonella enterica</i>
Authors: Sara Menina, Janina Eisenbeis, Mohamed Ashraf M. Kamal, Marcus Koch, Markus Bischoff, Sarah Gordon, Brigitta Loretz, Claus‐Michael Lehr
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

Bacterial invasion into eukaryotic cells and the establishment of intracellular infection has proven to be an effective means of resisting antibiotic action, as anti-infective agents commonly exhibit a poor permeability across the host cell membrane. Encapsulation of anti-infectives into nanoscaled delivery systems, such as liposomes, is shown to result in an enhancement of intracellular delivery. The aim of the current work is, therefore, to formulate colistin, a poorly permeable anti-infective, into liposomes suitable for oral delivery, and to functionalize these carriers with a bacteria-derived invasive moiety to enhance their intracellular delivery. Different combinations of phospholipids and cholesterol are explored to optimize liposomal drug encapsulation and stability in biorelevant media. These liposomes are then surface-functionalized with extracellular adherence protein (Eap), derived from Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment of HEp-2 and Caco-2 cells infected with Salmonella enterica using colistin-containing, Eap-functionalized liposomes resulted in a significant reduction of intracellular bacteria, in comparison to treatment with nonfunctionalized liposomes as well as colistin alone. This indicates that such bio-invasive carriers are able to facilitate intracellular delivery of colistin, as necessary for intracellular anti-infective activity. The developed Eap-functionalized liposomes, therefore, present a promising strategy for improving the therapy of intracellular infections.
A modality-adaptive method for segmenting brain tumors and organs-at-risk in radiation therapy planning
Authors: Mikael Agn, Per Munck af Rosenschöld, Oula Puonti, Michael J. Lundemann, Laura Mancini, Anastasia Papadaki, Steffi Thust, John Ashburner, Ian Law, Koen Van Leemput
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2019)

In this paper we present a method for simultaneously segmenting brain tumors and an extensive set of organs-at-risk for radiation therapy planning of glioblastomas. The method combines a contrast-adaptive generative model for whole-brain segmentation with a new spatial regularization model of tumor shape using convolutional restricted Boltzmann machines. We demonstrate experimentally that the method is able to adapt to image acquisitions that differ substantially from any available training data, ensuring its applicability across treatment sites; that its tumor segmentation accuracy is comparable to that of the current state of the art; and that it captures most organs-at-risk sufficiently well for radiation therapy planning purposes. The proposed method may be a valuable step towards automating the delineation of brain tumors and organs-at-risk in glioblastoma patients undergoing radiation therapy.
Overview of meta-analyses and pooled analyses of nutrition and breast cancer risk.
Authors: Patrick Mullie, Philippe Autier, Peter Boyle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

1519 Background: Twenty years ago, recommendations for prevention of breast cancer by dietary modification were based on decreased fat consumption, and increased consumption of dietary fibre, fruits, vegetables and vitamins. Subsequent literature is replete with reports of studies of diet and nutrition often containing widely varying advice for women regarding reducing their breast cancer risk. Methods: A systematic search in PubMed of the published literature was conducted to identify meta-analyses and pooled analyses relating breast cancer risk to a wide variety of nutritional components including intake of coffee, dairy, dietary fibre, eggs, fat components, fruits and vegetables, glycaemic index and load, meat components, minerals, seafood, soy, tea, and a variety of vitamins. Inclusion criteria were: published in English, time period 2000-2011, and restricted to studies with a prospective design. All published relative risks and confidence intervals were abstracted. Results: The search retrieved 2 pooled analyses and22 meta-analyses concerning alcohol (1), coffee (2), dairy (3), dietary fibre (2), eggs (1), fat components (3), fruits and vegetables (2), glycaemic index and load (3), meat (3), minerals (1), seafood (1), soyfood (1), tea (3), and vitamins (5). In total 256 relative risks were computed by meta- and pooled analyses, with 195 (76%) statistically not significant, 16 (6%) showing an increased risk and 45 (18%) showing a decreased risk of breast cancer. 18 relative risks were less than 0.90 and 5 were greater than 1.25. Of the 5 estimates for alcohol, 2 (40%) showed statistically significant increased risk for breast cancer. For other food items, proportions associated with non-significant risk were for dairy (85%), total fat consumption (83%), dietary fibre (56%), fruits and vegetables (96%), glycaemic index/load (77%), meat (95%) and vitamins (78%). Conclusions: Other than accepted dietary risk factors alcohol, obesity and physical activity, no individual nutritional item has been consistently related to breast cancer risk. Energy balance seems to be an essential element in breast cancer prevention.