tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Maps Endothelial Metabolic Plasticity in Pathological Angiogenesis
Authors: Katerina Rohlenova, Jermaine Goveia, Melissa García-Caballero, Abhishek Subramanian, Joanna Kalucka, Lucas Treps, Kim D. Falkenberg, Laura P.M.H. de Rooij, Yingfeng Zheng, Lin Lin, Liliana Sokol, Laure-Anne Teuwen, Vincent Geldhof, Federico Taverna, Andreas Pircher, Lena-Christin Conradi, Shawez Khan, Steve Stegen, Dena Panovska, Frederik De Smet, Frank J.T. Staal, Rene J. Mclaughlin, Stefan Vinckier, Tine Van Bergen, Nadine Ectors, Patrik De Haes, Jian Wang, Lars Bolund, Luc Schoonjans, Tobias K. Karakach, Huanming Yang, Geert Carmeliet, Yizhi Liu, Bernard Thienpont, Mieke Dewerchin, Guy Eelen, Xuri Li, Yonglun Luo, Peter Carmeliet
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2020)
Abstract 16141: Diet Quality and Cardiometabolic Risk Status of Women Within Five Years Following Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Erin P Ferranti, Sandra B Dunbar, Carolyn M Reilly, Jennifer W Foster, Ying Guo
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction and Purpose: Healthy diet patterns are protective for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) prevention in general, however there is little study of diet quality in relation to Metabolic syndrome (Met...
Personal strategies to minimise effects of air pollution on respiratory health: advice for providers, patients and the public
Authors: Christopher Carlsten, Sundeep Salvi, Gary W.K. Wong, Kian Fan Chung
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

As global awareness of air pollution rises, so does the imperative to provide evidence-based recommendations for strategies to mitigate its impact. While public policy has a central role in reducing air pollution, exposure can also be reduced by personal choices. Qualified evidence supports limiting physical exertion outdoors on high air pollution days and near air pollution sources, reducing near-roadway exposure while commuting, utilising air quality alert systems to plan activities, and wearing facemasks in prescribed circumstances. Other strategies include avoiding cooking with solid fuels, ventilating and isolating cooking areas, and using portable air cleaners fitted with high-efficiency particulate air filters. We detail recommendations to assist providers and public health officials when advising patients and the public regarding personal-level strategies to mitigate risk imposed by air pollution, while recognising that well-designed prospective studies are urgently needed to better establish and validate interventions that benefit respiratory health in this context.
Current status of cell-based therapies for respiratory virus infections: applicability to COVID-19
Authors: Maroun Khoury, Jimena Cuenca, Fernanda F. Cruz, Fernando E. Figueroa, Patricia R.M. Rocco, Daniel J. Weiss
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

The severe respiratory consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have prompted urgent need for novel therapies. Cell-based approaches, primarily using mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSCs), have demonstrated safety and possible efficacy in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), although they are not yet well studied in respiratory virus-induced ARDS. Limited pre-clinical data suggest that systemic MSC administration can significantly reduce respiratory virus (influenza strains H5N1 and H9N2)-induced lung injury; however, there are no available data in models of coronavirus respiratory infection.There is a rapidly increasing number of clinical investigations of cell-based therapy approaches for COVID-19. These utilise a range of different cell sources, doses, dosing strategies and targeted patient populations. To provide a rational strategy to maximise potential therapeutic use, it is critically important to understand the relevant pre-clinical studies and postulated mechanisms of MSC actions in respiratory virus-induced lung injuries. This review presents these, along with consideration of current clinical investigations.
To consider or not antimalarials as a prophylactic intervention in the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) pandemic
Authors: Francesca Romana Spinelli, Fulvia Ceccarelli, Manuela Di Franco, Fabrizio Conti
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

These days, the entire scientific community is facing the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) emergency, characterised last 11 March by WHO as a pandemic. Social behaviour modification measures may somehow limit the spreading of the infection. However, in the case of an extremely contagious pathogen, the huge number of infected people may be a challenge for the health system. What if there was a prophylactic drug?

In the light of their in vitro effect and early clinical results, antimalarial drugs chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have been proposed for patients with SARS-CoV2-related pneumonia (Covid-19) and are now included in the Chinese guidelines for the management of Covid-19 (version 7, 3 March 2020).

Antiviral activity of antimalarials has been known for more than 10 years (see online supplementary text).### Supplementary data

[annrheumdis-2020-217367supp001.pdf] 

Recently, Wang et al demonstrated that at low micromolar concentration CQ was …
The Value of Intravenous Iron: Beyond the Cave of Speculation
Authors: Daniel W. Coyne, Steven Fishbane
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

In Plato's cave allegory, we are chained prisoners forced to look at shadows cast on a wall by the unrecognized reality behind us. We mistake the shadows for reality. When finally freed, we see the truth and comprehend our interpretative errors, but those still chained do not believe us and think
Abstract 11318: A Validation Study of Enclosed-Zone Central Venous Pressure (ezCVP) Measurement Using Non-Invasive Oscillometric Method
Authors: Yoji Sumimoto, Takayuki Hidaka, Kazuhiro Nitta, Ken Ishibashi, Yukihiro Fukuda, Satoshi Kurisu, Yukihito Higashi, Yasuki Kihara
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Central venous pressure (CVP) is frequently used in clinical practice for the assessment of volume status and cardiac preload for patients with heart failure (HF). The clinical gold s...
Long-term survival results of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy with suprapancreatic nodal dissection for clinical stage I gastric cancer: A multicenter phase II trial (JCOG 0703).
Authors: Mikihito Nakamori, Hitoshi Katai, Junki Mizusawa, Kenichi Nakamura, Naoki Hiki, Takaki Yoshikawa, Kazuyuki Kojima, Haruhiko Imamoto, Motoki Ninomiya, Seigo Kitano, Mitsuru Sasako
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

113 Background: Laparoscopic gastrectomy has been a common tool for gastric cancer patients in eastern Asian countries. A large-scale prospective study with a sample size sufficient to investigate the benefit of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) has never been reported. We conducted a multi-center phase II trial (JCOG0703) to evaluate the safety of LADG with nodal dissection for clinical stage I gastric cancer patients. A short-term outcome including postoperative complications of LADG as a result of this study was already reported and a following multi-center phase III trials (JCOG0912) to confirm the non-inferiority of LADG compared with open gastrectomy in terms of overall survival (OS) was already started. Long-term outcomes as the secondary endpoints of this study are reported here after 5-year follow up period. Methods: The subjects of this study comprised patients with clinical stage I gastric cancer that were able to undergo a distal gastrectomy. LADG with D1 plus suprapancreatic lymph node dissection was performed by credentialed gastric surgeons who experienced &gt;=30 LADG and &gt;=30 open gasterctomy. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients who developed either anastomotic leakage or a pancreatic fistula. The secondary endpoints included surgical morbidity, short-term clinical outcome, OS, and relapse free survival (RFS). Results: Between November 2007 and September 2008, 176 eligible patients were enrolled. 140/23/9/4 patients had pStage IA/IB/II/IIIA disease respectively. No patients had recurrence. 3 patients died without recurrence. 5-year OS was 98.2% (95%CI, 94.7% to 99.4%). 5-year RFS was 98.2% (95%CI, 94.4% to 99.4%). Conclusions: The long-term outcome of LADG for Stage I gastric cancer patients seem comparable to those of open procedures. However, this result should be confirmed by a randomized control trial. We have just finished an accrual of 921 patients for a multi-center phase III trial (JCOG0912) to confirm the non-inferiority of LADG compared with open gastrectomy in terms of OS. Clinical trial information: UMIN000000874.
Poly(I:C) causes failure of immunoprophylaxis to red blood cells expressing the KEL glycoprotein in mice
Authors: Vicente Escamilla-Rivera, Jingchun Liu, David R. Gibb, Manjula Santhanakrishnan, Dong Liu, James E. Forsmo, Stephanie C. Eisenbarth, Ellen F. Foxman, Sean R. Stowell, Chance John Luckey, James C. Zimring, Krystalyn E. Hudson, Jeanne E. Hendrickson
Journal: Blood (2020)
Preliminary Estimates of the Prevalence of Selected Underlying Health Conditions Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 — United States, February 12–March 28, 2020
Authors: Nancy Chow, Katherine Fleming-Dutra, Ryan Gierke, Aron Hall, Michelle Hughes, Tamara Pilishvili, Matthew Ritchey, Katherine Roguski, Tami Skoff, Emily Ussery
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)

Based on preliminary U.S. data, people with select underlying health conditions (e.g. diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic lung disease) and known risk factors for respiratory infections (e.g. smoking) appear to be at higher risk for severe disease (hospitalizations and admission to intensive care units) from COVID-19 than people without these conditions.
Screening for Bacterial Vaginosis in Pregnant Persons to Prevent Preterm Delivery
Authors: Douglas K. Owens, Karina W. Davidson, Alex H. Krist, Michael J. Barry, Michael Cabana, Aaron B. Caughey, Katrina Donahue, Chyke A. Doubeni, John W. Epling, Martha Kubik, Gbenga Ogedegbe, Lori Pbert, Michael Silverstein, Melissa A. Simon, Chien-Wen Tseng, John B. Wong
Journal: JAMA (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Bacterial vaginosis is common and is caused by a disruption of the microbiological environment in the lower genital tract. In the US, reported prevalence of bacterial vaginosis among pregnant women ranges from 5.8% to 19.3% and is higher in some races/ethnicities. Bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy has been associated with adverse obstetrical outcomes including preterm delivery, early miscarriage, postpartum endometritis, and low birth weight. <h3>Objective</h3> To update its 2008 recommendation, the USPSTF commissioned a review of the evidence on the accuracy of screening and the benefits and harms of screening for and treatment of bacterial vaginosis in asymptomatic pregnant persons to prevent preterm delivery. <h3>Population</h3> This recommendation applies to pregnant persons without symptoms of bacterial vaginosis. <h3>Evidence Assessment</h3> The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis in pregnant persons not at increased risk for preterm delivery has no net benefit in preventing preterm delivery. The USPSTF concludes that for pregnant persons at increased risk for preterm delivery, the evidence is conflicting and insufficient, and the balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined. <h3>Conclusions and Recommendation</h3> The USPSTF recommends against screening for bacterial vaginosis in pregnant persons not at increased risk for preterm delivery. (D recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for bacterial vaginosis in pregnant persons at increased risk for preterm delivery. (I statement)
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiomyopathy—Reply
Authors: Jagmeet P. Singh, Michael G. Fradley, Valentina Kutyifa
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
High Durable CR Rates in Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) Aggressive B-NHL Treated with the CD19-Directed CAR T Cell Product JCAR017 (TRANSCEND NHL 001): Defined Composition Allows for Dose-Finding and Definition of Pivotal Cohort
Authors: Jeremy S. Abramson, Maria Lia Palomba, Leo I. Gordon, Matthew A. Lunning, Jon E. Arnason, Michael Wang, Andres Forero, David G. Maloney, Tina Albertson, Jacob Garcia, Daniel Li, Benhuai Xie, Tanya Siddiqi
Journal: Blood (2017)
Association Between Use of Warfarin for Atrial Fibrillation and Outcomes Among Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Mandeep S. Randhawa, Rohanlal Vishwanath, Manoj P. Rai, Ling Wang, Amritpal K. Randhawa, George Abela, Gaurav Dhar
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Several studies have examined the role of warfarin in preventing strokes in patients with atrial fibrillation and end-stage renal disease; however, the results remain inconclusive. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess recently published studies to examine the outcomes of the use of warfarin among patients with atrial fibrillation and end-stage renal disease. <h3>Data Sources</h3> A literature search was performed using the terms<i>warfarin and atrial fibrillation and end-stage renal disease</i>and<i>warfarin and atrial fibrillation and dialysis</i>in the MEDLINE, Embase, and Google Scholar databases from January 1, 2008, to February 28, 2019. <h3>Study Selection</h3> The studies included were those with patients with end-stage renal disease and atrial fibrillation who were receiving warfarin and with hazard ratios (HRs) of at least 1 primary outcome. The studies excluded were those with a lack of information on outcomes and unreliable 95% CIs of the results. <h3>Data Extraction and Synthesis</h3> The Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines were followed in selecting studies. Collected data were also scrutinized for reliable 95% CIs. Finally, studies were examined for perceived biases, their limitations, and the definitions of the outcomes. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The HRs and 95% CIs were calculated for the incidence of ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, major bleeding, and mortality among patients receiving anticoagulants and those not receiving anticoagulants. <h3>Results</h3> Study selection yielded 15 studies with a total of 47 480 patients with atrial fibrillation and end-stage renal disease. Of these patients, 10 445 (22.0%) were taking warfarin. With a mean (SD) follow-up period of 2.6 (1.4) years, warfarin use was associated with no significant change for the risk of ischemic stroke (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.82-1.13), with a significantly higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke (HR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.03-1.94), with no significant difference in the risk of major bleeding (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.99-1.47), and with no change in overall mortality (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83-1.09). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In the studies reviewed, warfarin use appears to have been associated with no change in the incidence of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation and end-stage renal disease. However, from the studies reviewed, it does appear to be associated with a significantly higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke, with no significant difference in the risk of major bleeding, and with no change in mortality.
Invited commentary on “Ten-year improved survival in patients with multi-vessel coronary disease and poor left ventricular function following surgery: A retrospective cohort study” [Int. J. Surg. (2020) Mar 12. pii: S1743-9191(20)30220-X. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.03.008. [Epub ahead of print]]
Authors: Aram Baram
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2020)
Two-year cost-effectiveness of different COBRA-like intensive remission induction schemes in early rheumatoid arthritis: a piggyback study on the pragmatic randomised controlled CareRA trial
Authors: Sofia Pazmino, Annelies Boonen, Veerle Stouten, Diederik De Cock, Johan Joly, Kristien Van der Elst, Rene Westhovens, Patrick Verschueren
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of treat-to-target strategies among recently diagnosed patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using methotrexate (MTX) and a step-down glucocorticoid (GC) scheme (COBRA Slim) compared with (1) this combination with either sulphasalazine (COBRA Classic) or leflunomide (COBRA Avant-Garde) in high-risk patients and (2) MTX without GCs (Tight-Step-Up, TSU) in low-risk patients.The incremental cost-utility was calculated from a healthcare perspective in the intention-to-treat population (n=379) of the 2-year open-label pragmatic randomised controlled Care in early RA trial. Healthcare costs were collected prospectively through electronic trial records. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were estimated using mapping algorithms for EuroQoL-5 Dimension. Multiple imputation was used to handle missing data and bootstrapping to calculate CIs. Robustness was tested with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs at biosimilar prices.In the high-risk group, Classic (∆k€1.464, 95% CI -0.198 to 3.127) and Avant-Garde (∆k€0.636, 95% CI -0.987 to 2.258) were more expensive compared with Slim and QALYs were slightly worse for Classic (∆-0.002, 95% CI -0.086 to 0.082) and Avant-Garde (∆-0.009, 95% CI -0.102 to 0.084). This resulted in the domination of Classic and Avant-Garde by Slim. In the low-risk group, Slim was cheaper (∆k€-0.617, 95% CI -2.799 to 1.566) and QALYs were higher (∆0.141, 95% CI 0.008 to 0.274) compared with TSU, indicating Slim dominated. Results were robust against the price of biosimilars.The combination of MTX with a GC bridging scheme is less expensive with comparable health utility than more intensive step-down combination strategies or a conventional step-up approach 2 years after initial treatment.NCT01172639.
High-sensitivity KRAS mutation detection in colorectal and lung cancer using SURVEYOR Nuclease scanning
Authors: M. Koul, S. Mahurkar, B. Legendre, J. Jiang, E. Kaldjian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e22023 Background: Mutations of the KRAS gene in colorectal and lung cancers have been associated with lack of response to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor therapies. Here we describe a highly sensitive assay that identifies mutations by scanning the entire coding region of KRAS exons 2 and 3 using SURVEYOR Nuclease, an endonuclease that cleaves double-stranded heteroduplex DNA at base pair mismatch sites. Methods: DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin- embedded tissue sections from a set of 30 colorectal and lung cancer samples. Two amplicons covering the coding and splice junction regions of the KRAS gene exons 2 and 3 were PCR-amplified, hybridized to allow heteroduplex formation, incubated with SURVEYOR Nuclease and analyzed on the WAVE-HS DHPLC system. The sensitivity of SURVEYOR Nuclease mutation detection was assessed by creating serial dilutions of 50:50 mixtures of original PCR products from mutant samples with wild type amplicons from control DNA. Results: 6 samples were identified as KRAS mutant by WAVE-HS profiles containing two fragment peaks in addition to the full length amplicon peak, indicating SURVEYOR Nuclease cleavage at a mismatch site. Mutations were found in both exon 2 (codons 12, 13) and exon 3 (codon 59). Sequencing confirmed the KRAS mutations in these samples. Levels of mutant DNA as low as 2% (1 ng/ul) were identified by this method, consistent with other SURVEYOR-based assays. Conclusions: SURVEYOR Nuclease technology is a sensitive and comprehensive method for detecting mutation in KRAS. [Table: see text]
Exophilin-5 regulates allergic airway inflammation by controlling IL-33–mediated Th2 responses
Authors: Katsuhide Okunishi, Hao Wang, Maho Suzukawa, Ray Ishizaki, Eri Kobayashi, Miho Kihara, Takaya Abe, Jun-ichi Miyazaki, Masafumi Horie, Akira Saito, Hirohisa Saito, Susumu Nakae, Tetsuro Izumi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

A common variant in the RAB27A gene in adults was recently found to be associated with the fractional exhaled nitric oxide level, a marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation. The small GTPase Rab27 is known to regulate intracellular vesicle traffic, although its role in allergic responses is unclear. We demonstrated that exophilin-5, a Rab27-binding protein, was predominantly expressed in both of the major IL-33 producers, lung epithelial cells, and the specialized IL-5 and IL-13 producers in the CD44hiCD62LloCXCR3lo pathogenic Th2 cell population in mice. Exophilin-5 deficiency increased stimulant-dependent damage and IL-33 secretion by lung epithelial cells. Moreover, it enhanced IL-5 and IL-13 production in response to TCR and IL-33 stimulation from a specific subset of pathogenic Th2 cells that expresses a high level of IL-33 receptor, which exacerbated allergic airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma. Mechanistically, exophilin-5 regulates extracellular superoxide release, intracellular ROS production, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity by controlling intracellular trafficking of Nox2-containing vesicles, which seems to prevent the overactivation of pathogenic Th2 cells mediated by IL-33. This is the first report to our knowledge to establish the significance of the Rab27-related protein exophilin-5 in the development of allergic airway inflammation, and provides insights into the pathophysiology of asthma.
Prevention of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission in endoscopy: international recommendations and the need for a gold standard
Authors: John Ong, Gail B Cross, Yock Young Dan
Journal: Gut (2020)

Over 3000 healthcare workers (HCW) in China are suspected of having coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and over 1700 tested positive.1 These statistics underline the need for robust preventative measures against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Endoscopy departments are fertile grounds for viral spread because aerosolisation of bodily secretions occurs during procedures. A single viral-shedding patient with a high viral load can contaminate an entire endoscopy room with the virus that remains viable for up to 3 days, putting uninfected patients and HCWs at risk.2 3 

Singapore previously had the largest cohort of COVID-19 patients outside China in the early phases of the outbreak. Given its novelty, the effectiveness of new preventative measures implemented within our endoscopy services was unknown. To determine best practice, we conducted systematic searches of literature and official websites for gastroenterology and endoscopy societies (n=28) in the 15 most-affected countries to scrutinise recommendations and associated evidence. Methodology is available on request.

In summary, we found careful patient selection was commonly …