tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of Hysteria
Authors: R. G. Priest
Journal: BMJ (1966)

<h3>Abstract</h3> For COVID-19 the Infection Fatality Rate or IFR – a crucial variable in epidemiological modeling – is difficult to estimate because many cases are asymptomatic and the overall infection rate is generally not known. Circumstances in the Italian provinces of Milano, Bergamo, Brescia, and Lodi allow estimation of lower bounds for age- and sex-specific all-cause excess mortality (a proxy for IFR) since anecdotal reports indicate some towns were close to fully infected. Using data from ISTAT on mortality from January 1 through April 15 for 2020 and the three preceding years, I estimate excess mortality by sex and age categories (0-14, 15-54, 55-64, 65-74, and 75+ years) while controlling for town-specific mortality that proxies for town-specific infection rate. The 99th percentile from the tail of the town distribution gives a lower-bound estimate for COVID-19 mortality. The overall population-weighted mortality at the 99th percentile is 1.09 percent (95% CI 1.06-1.14). The age- and sex-specific rates vary considerably: for men age 65-74 the estimate is 2.10 percent (95% CI 1.94-2.28) which is 3.5-times higher than men 55-64 and 2.7-times higher than women 65-74.
Efficacy of Daratumumab with Dexamethasone in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma and Severe Renal Impairment: An Interim Analysis of a Phase 2 Study (the DARE Study)
Authors: Eftathios Kastritis, Evangelos Terpos, Argiris Symeonidis, Sosana Delimpasi, Michele Cavo, Elena Zamagni, Eirini Katodritou, Barbara Gamberi, Marie-Christine Kyrtsonis, Maria Gavriatopoulou, Maria Roussou, Despina Fotiou, Evdoxia Hatjiharissi, Nikolaos Kanellias, Magdalini Migkou, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Journal: Blood (2019)
TMOD-35. PREDICTION OF OVERALL SURVIVAL, AND MOLECULAR MARKERS IN GLIOMAS VIA ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL PATHOLOGY IMAGES USING DEEP LEARNING
Authors: Saima Rathore, Muhammad Iftikhar, MacLean Nasrallah, Metin Gurcan, Nasir Rajpoot, Zissimos Mourelatos
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Microscopic features of brain tumors, such as tumor cell morphology, type/degree of microvascular hyperplasia, mitotic activity, and extent of zonal/geographic necrosis, among many others, are measurable and reflect underlying molecular markers that are predictive of patient prognosis, signifying that quantitative analysis may provide insight into disease mechanics. We developed a computational method to predict overall-survival and molecular markers for brain tumors using deep learning on whole-slide digital images (WSDI). METHODS The WSDI were acquired from TCGA for 663 patients [IDH:333 wildtype, 330 mutants, 1p/19q:201 non-codeleted, 129 codeleted]. A set of 100 region-of-interest each comprising 1024x1024 that contained viable tumor with descriptive histologic characteristics and that were free of artifacts were extracted. A modified version of ResNet with architecture of 50 convolutional layers was used. The network was optimized using stochastic gradient decent optimization method with binary cross-entropy loss. Sigmoid- and linear-activation were, respectively, used as final layer for mutation and survival prediction. Data was divided into training (50%), testing (25%), and validation (25%). RESULTS The model predicted IDH and 1p/19q with an accuracy of 88.92%[sensitivity(se)/ specificity(sp)=87.77/84.35] and 88.23%(se/sp=87.38/88.58), respectively. The accuracy was further improved, when classification was done within homogeneous grades, for IDH [II=90.50%(se/sp=91.52/78.57), III=91.21%(se/sp=91.89/89.47), IV=92.77%(se/sp=77.78/93.51)] and 1p/19q [II=91.51%(se/sp=91.30/91.66), III=92.56(se/sp =93.33,92.04)]. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the predicted scores and overall-survival was 0.79 (p&lt; 0.0001). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that deep learning techniques can be applied to WSDI for objective, and accurate prediction of mutations and survival. Our approach, when compared with expensive molecular based assays that invariably capture molecular markers from a small part of the tumor and also destroy the tissue, could (i) offer the same service at a reduced price, (ii) enable disease characterization across the entire landscape of the tissue, (iii) be beneficial for tissues inadequate for molecular testing, and (iv) does not need physical shipping of the tissue.
Quantitative Analysis of Tumor-Specific BCL2 Expression in DLBCL: Refinement of Prognostic Relevance of BCL2
Authors: Jin Roh, Hyungwoo Cho, Dok Hyun Yoon, Jung Yong Hong, A-Neum Lee, Hyeon-Seok Eom, Hyewon Lee, Weon Seo Park, Jae Ho Han, Seong Hyun Jeong, Joon Seong Park, Hyo-Kyung Pak, So-Woon Kim, Sang-Yeob Kim, Cheolwon Suh, Jooryung Huh, Chan-Sik Park
Journal: Blood (2019)
Lisocabtagene Maraleucel (liso-cel) for Treatment of Second-Line Transplant Noneligible (TNE) Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL): Initial Results from the PILOT Study
Authors: Alison R. Sehgal, John Godwin, John Pribble, Lei Wang, Jerill Thorpe, Gerhard C. Hildebrandt
Journal: Blood (2019)
Alliance A041702: A Randomized Phase III Study of Ibrutinib Plus Obinutuzumab Versus Ibrutinib Plus Venetoclax and Obinutuzumab in Untreated Older Patients (≥ 70 Years of Age) with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Authors: Jennifer Woyach, Amy S. Ruppert, Gabriela Perez, Allison M Booth, Diane Feldman, Elie G Dib, Aminah Jatoi, Jennifer Le-Rademacher, Nyla A. Heerema, Gerard Lozanski, Richard Little, Wei Ding, Brian T. Hill, Richard M. Stone, Sumithra J Mandrekar, John C. Byrd
Journal: Blood (2019)
A Phase II Study of Nivolumab in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: N. Nora Bennani, Levi D Pederson, Pamela Atherton, Ivana Micallef, Joseph P. Colgan, Gita Thanarajasingam, Grzegorz Nowakowski, Thomas E. Witzig, Andrew L. Feldman, Stephen M Ansell
Journal: Blood (2019)
A Comparison of THP- Cop and CHOP for Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified
Authors: Yuhei Shibata, Nobuhiko Nakamura, Senji Kasahara, Toshiki Yamada, Michio Sawada, Takeshi Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Nakamura, Junichi Kitagawa, Nobuhiro Kanemura, Naoe Goto, Takeshi Hara, Koshiro Saito, Hisashi Tsurumi
Journal: Blood (2014)
An Open-Label Phase I/IIa Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of CCS1477, a First in Clinic Inhibitor of the p300/CPB Bromodomains, As Monotherapy in Patients with Advanced Haematological Malignancies
Authors: Tomasz Knurowski, Karen Clegg, Nigel Brooks, Fay Ashby, Neil A Pegg, William West, Harriet S Walter, Tim CP Somervaille, Steven Knapper, Andrew Davies
Journal: Blood (2019)
RTHP-23. PROSPECTIVE TRIAL OF CONVENTIONALLY FRACTIONATED DOSE CONSTRAINTS FOR RE-IRRADIATION OF PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS
Authors: Susan McGovern, Dershan Luo, Michael Johnson, Kham Nguyen, Jing Li, Mary McAleer, Debra Yeboa, David Grosshans, Amol Ghia, Caroline Chung, Peter Thall, Erik Sulman, Paul Brown, Anita Mahajan
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE Dose constraints for re-irradiation of recurrent primary brain tumors are not well-established, especially for treatment volumes too large for stereotactic radiotherapy. This prospective trial was performed to test dose constraints for conventionally-fractionated re-irradiation of recurrent primary brain tumors MATERIALS/METHODS A single-institution, prospective trial of 21 adults with recurrent brain tumors was performed. Electronic dosimetry records from the first course of radiation (RT1) were obtained and deformed onto the simulation CT for the second course of radiation (RT2). Treatment plans for RT2 were developed that met protocol-assigned dose constraints for RT2 alone and the composite dose of RT1+RT2. Dose constraints were also based on histology and interval since RT1. The primary endpoint was the rate of symptomatic brain necrosis after RT2. RESULTS Twenty one adults enrolled from March 2017 to May 2018. Twelve had glioblastoma, four had oligodendroglioma, two had anaplastic astrocytoma, and one each had choroid plexus papilloma, hemangiopericytoma, and pleomorphic xanthroastrocytoma (PXA). Twenty patients were treated with VMAT and one was treated with proton CSI. Median RT1-RT2 interval was 45 months (range, 9–141 months). Median RT2 dose was 42.8 Gy (range, 17.5–60 Gy). Median PTV volume was 208 cc (range, 7–1537 cc). Median imaging followup was 9 months (range, 1–20 months). Two months after RT2, the patient with PXA developed a trapped temporal horn adjacent to the RT2 treatment volume; pathology from emergent resection revealed necrotic brain tissue. The patient recovered fully and lived another 18 months until dying of disease progression. No other patient developed symptomatic radionecrosis. Median overall survival from RT2 for all patients was 11 months (range, 3–20 months). CONCLUSION Re-irradiation can be performed with conventionally fractionated schemes. Given the low rate of symptomatic radionecrosis, the dose constraints described here are a starting point for future studies of conventionally fractionated re-irradiation.
Surgeons should have legal training before acting as expert witnesses, says guidance
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Medical expert witnesses should receive appropriate medicolegal training before they appear in court, new guidance from the Royal College of Surgeons of England advises.1

The guidance describes the roles surgeons should have when acting as an expert witness in civil, criminal, and coroners’ cases. It follows two recent independent reviews of medical manslaughter published in response to the Hadiza Bawa-Garba case that highlighted the need to improve the quality and consistency of expert witnesses in gross negligence manslaughter cases.2 …
Targeting the interleukin-17 immune axis for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Gerardo A. Vitiello, George Miller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2019)

The role of IL-17 in cancer remains controversial. Emerging evidence suggests that during early oncogenesis IL-17 supports tumor growth, whereas in established tumors IL-17 production by γδ and Th17 cells potentiates antitumor immunity. Consequently, γδ and Th17 cells are attractive targets for immunotherapy in the IL-17 immune axis. To optimize IL-17–based immunotherapy, a deeper understanding of the cytokines dictating IL-17 production and the polarity of γδ and Th17 cells is critical. Here, we delve into the dichotomous roles of IL-17 in cancer and provide insight into the tumor microenvironment conducive for successful IL-17–based γδ and Th17 cell immunotherapy.
RARE-14. STRUCTURAL BRAIN PLASTICITY OF THE GRAY MATTER IN PATIENTS WITH BASAL GANGLIA GERM CELL TUMORS: A VBM STUDY
Authors: Yanong Li
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract OBJECTIVE To assess the whole brain structural plasticity in case of unilateral basal ganglia germ cell tumors (BGGCTs). METHODS To detect changes in gray matter volume of the whole brain from structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), we used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in a sample of 41 patients with BGGCTs invading the left basal ganglia (BasalG_L group; n = 22) or the right basal ganglia (BasalG_R group; n = 19) and a sample of 16 patients with GCTs arising in pineal or suprasellar regions, comparing these groups with 16 age-matched normal controls (NCs) by two-sample t test after that. RESULTS To left BGGCTs patients, the regions of whole brain VBM analysis emphasized a large cluster of voxels with gray matter volume increase in left para hippocampal (k = 529 voxels, T=4.18, p&lt; 0.01) and decrease in left thalamus (k = 527 voxels, T=-4.88, p&lt; 0.01). At the same time, the cluster of voxels with gray matter volume increase in right middle cingulate cortex (rMCC) (k = 172 voxels, T=3.96, p&lt; 0.01), and decrease in right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), pars opercular (k = 495 voxels, T= -4.29, p&lt; 0.01) in right BGGCTs patients. Furthermore, gray matter volume showed no significant difference between groups of patients with GCTs arising in pineal or suprasellar regions and NCs by two-sample t test. And the results were corrected by family-wise-error correction. CONCLUSIONS The revealed results demonstrate that slow-growing but destructive lesion of the BGGCTs markedly and asymmetrically atrophies the gray matter volume in specific brain regions and shows compensatory plasticity in each side of cerebral hemisphere. Our findings direct focus on the whole cerebral adaptation that perhaps be a physiologic basis for the high level of functional compensation and partially explain the relationships between gray matter remodeling and cognitive disturbances observed in patients with BGGCTs.
Why are Medical Journals so Dull?
Authors: P. K. Buxton
Journal: BMJ (1958)

CNS injury may lead to permanent functional deficits because it is still not possible to regenerate axons over long distances and accurately reconnect them with an appropriate target. Using rat neurons, microtools, and nanotools, we show that new, functional neurites can be created and precisely positioned to directly (re)wire neuronal networks. We show that an adhesive contact made onto an axon or dendrite can be pulled to initiate a new neurite that can be mechanically guided to form new synapses at up to 0.8 mm distance in &lt;1 h. Our findings challenge current understanding of the limits of neuronal growth and have direct implications for the development of new therapies and surgical techniques to achieve functional regeneration. <b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> Brain and spinal cord injury may lead to permanent disability and death because it is still not possible to regenerate neurons over long distances and accurately reconnect them with an appropriate target. Using microtools and nanotools we have developed a new method to rapidly initiate, elongate, and precisely connect new functional neuronal circuits over long distances. The extension rates achieved are ≥60 times faster than previously reported. Our findings have direct implications for the development of new therapies and surgical techniques to achieve functional regeneration after trauma and in neurodegenerative diseases. It also opens the door for the direct wiring of robust brain–machine interfaces as well as for investigations of fundamental aspects of neuronal signal processing and neuronal function.
A Phase II Study of Elotuzumab in Combination with Pomalidomide, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Andrew J. Yee, Jacob P. Laubach, Erica L. Campagnaro, Brea C. Lipe, Omar Nadeem, Robb S Friedman, Craig E. Cole, Elizabeth K. O'Donnell, Giada Bianchi, Andrew R. Branagan, Samantha J. Shapiro, Cynthia C. Harrington, Jill N. Burke, Marilyn T. Gammon, Kathleen J. Lively, Cassandra A. Thorburn, Mason L. Mann, Jens G. Lohr, Kenneth C. Anderson, Paul G. Richardson, Noopur S. Raje
Journal: Blood (2019)
INNV-02. ARE WE AGGRESSIVE WITH OUR GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS: A PROPOSED TOOL TO EVALUATE CENTERS ATTITUDES IN TREATMENT OF GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Hissah Al Abdulsalam, Wajda Alhothali, Hisham Alkhalidi, Yasser Orz, Abdullah Alobaid, Mohammed Bafaqeeh, Shaik Shaffi Ahamed, Sajjad Hussain, Fahad Albader, Eyad AlSaeed, Ahmed Ibrahim, Ahmed Abdel Warith, Ameen Alomair, Ikhlas Altewaijri, Sherif Elwatidy, Amro Al-Habib, Abdulrazag Ajlan
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Optimal treatment for glioblastoma requires a multidisciplinary approach and knowledge of complications from both the disease and its treatment. Despite modern advances in the standards of care, the outcome in patients with Glioblastoma remains poor. Thus, it is crucial to optimize treatment strategies to improve over-all survival in patients with Glioblastoma, with the therapeutic challenge of “how aggressive a physician should be?” OBJECTIVES: We herein propose a novel method to compare aggressiveness in the standard of care between multiple centers, using a novel tool, and provide a more precise cut-off definition of aggressiveness. METHOD Multiple centers were included. A novel case-based questionnaire was generated which included only certain parameters, and then sent and answered jointly by tumor board members from each center. We then stratified centers into more aggressive vs. less aggressive based on our proposed Aggressiveness (AS) score. RESULTS In our novel cases, center A scored an AS score of 44 (Mean ± SD; 3.67 ± 1.07), while center B scored 49 (Mean ± SD; 4.08 ± 0.90) In real cases, center A scored 40 (Mean ± SD; 3.25 ± 1.42), while center B scored 44 (Mean ± SD; 3.75 ± 1.29). Our results showed consistency between centers evaluated using our tool. Age and presence of comorbidities were the most influential parameters. CONCLUSION In the current study, we present a novel and a reliable tool that can be easily used and replicated to compare aggressiveness in the treatment of Glioblastoma between multiple centers. The methodology we used has never been previously proposed and can serve as a novel concept to compare aggressiveness in treatment of all incurable diseases that require a multidisciplinary approach.
HOUT-05. COMPARING OUTCOMES OF ADULT DIFFUSE MIDLINE GLIOMAS TO GLIOBLASTOMA (GBM) IN YOUNG PATIENTS
Authors: Sasmit Sarangi, Eric Wong
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract Diffuse midline gliomas are a diagnostic entity with astrocytic tumors in a midline location and in the pediatric age group they have been associated with poor outcomes. There is ongoing debate if adults with diffuse midline gliomas also have a poor prognosis particularly as complete surgical resection is often not achievable in these patients. One of the limitations of looking at case-series based outcomes with these patients is that the incidence of these tumors has a skew towards younger patients and recent case-series with observed better than expected outcomes, might be subject to influence from this parameter. To better compare outcomes of these patients we reviewed our institutional tumor registry to identify 31 patients with diffuse midline gliomas from January 2010 to December 2017. We also identified a contemporaneous consecutive series of 46 patients of age ≤ 55 with a diagnosis of GBM, as the control group for comparison. Both groups were comparable in median age (53 vs 50), gender distribution and median Karnofsky Performance Status (80 vs 90). But fewer resections were performed on diffuse midline gliomas (35.5% vs 80%). Our results indicate that patients with a diffuse midline glioma have a higher likelihood of a poorer outcome with a median overall survival of 52 vs 91 weeks in the control. The hazard ratio for death in the diffuse midline glioma cohort as compared to the control was 1.68 (95% CI – 0.97–2.91, log-rank P value = 0.038). The 2-year survival rate was also lower in the diffuse midline glioma with 22.6% vs 39.1% in the control. This poorer outcome could be related to the slightly lower median performance status or the lack of complete resection in diffuse midline glioma patients. Additional analysis is being planned to genetically differentiate these patients and identify possible prognostic indicators.
Thrombospondin-1 promotes tumor progression in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma via CD47
Authors: Hiroaki Kamijo, Tomomitsu Miyagaki, Naomi Takahashi-Shishido, Rina Nakajima, Tomonori Oka, Hiraku Suga, Makoto Sugaya, Shinichi Sato
Journal: Leukemia (2019)
HER2 Ile655Val polymorphism, EGFR expression and cellular proliferation in urinary bladder carcinomas
Authors: M. Dumitru, M.I. Gruia, A. Botezatu, M. Mihaila, C.M. Hotnog, M. Hortopan, M.E. Panait, G. Anton, L.I. Brasoveanu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Graft-Versus-Host Disease-Free, Relapse-Free Survival in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Provides a Novel Donor Selection Paradigm
Authors: Hiroyuki Muranushi, Takero Shindo, Masakatsu Hishizawa, Masahito Tokunaga, Atsushi Wake, Nobuaki Nakano, Tetsuya Eto, Michihiro Hidaka, Ilseung Choi, Toshihiro Miyamoto, Naoyuki Uchida, Yukiyoshi Moriuchi, Yasuhiko Miyazaki, Takahiro Fukuda, Tatsuo Ichinohe, Yoshiko Atsuta, Koji Kato
Journal: Blood (2019)
Reevaluating the Use of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to Identify Incident Cases of Atrial Fibrillation After Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Aaqib H. Malik, Srikanth Yandrapalli, Gilbert H. L. Tang
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
A Phase 1 Dose Escalation Study of Milademetan in Combination with 5-Azacitidine (AZA) in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) or High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
Authors: Courtney D. DiNardo, Rebecca Olin, Jo Ishizawa, Hiroyuki Sumi, Jingdong Xie, Kazunobu Kato, Prasanna Kumar, Michael Andreeff
Journal: Blood (2019)
Longitudinal Changes in the Intestinal Microbiome Composition Following Gut Decontamination in Pediatric Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Christopher Severyn, Wendy B. London, Paige Kao, Sophie Silverstein, Michelle Li, Soomin Kim, Kelly Verrill, Jerome Ritz, Ami S. Bhatt, Jennifer Whangbo
Journal: Blood (2019)