tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A doctor-poet
Authors: Ozge Tuncalp
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<b>Ozge Tuncalp</b> catches up with <b>Michael Berman</b>, clinical professor of obstetrics and gynaecology at Yale School of Medicine, where he also serves as the president of Yale New Haven Physician Hospital Organization. His special interest in pregnancy loss, strong commitment in making humanism a priority in healthcare services, and his gift in expressing himself through poetry led to the foundation of Hygeia (www.hygeia.org), a comprehensive platform for families and healthcare professionals, including medical students, to share and learn from one another. What started as a website in 1995 has now exploded into a full blown foundation with programmes like the Ephemeris Project
Just one look
Authors: Shaun Favell
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Communication is important in all aspects of life, although in few situations as important as those in which we find ourselves as healthcare professionals. I had always considered communication to be one of my stronger skills, but role playing and patient contact in my medical training has forced me to reflect on my interpersonal skills. Despite being only a short way into my course I have experienced many poignant moments that have caused deep reflection, although none more than the example below, which will remain with me for the rest of my career.



During a clinical placement in an emergency department I witnessed an extremely distressed woman …
The clinical benefit of mepolizumab replacing omalizumab in uncontrolled severe eosinophilic asthma
Authors: Kenneth R. Chapman, Frank C. Albers, Bradley Chipps, Xavier Muñoz, Gilles Devouassoux, Miguel Bergna, Dmitry Galkin, Jay Azmi, Dalal Mouneimne, Robert G. Price, Mark C. Liu
Journal: Allergy (2019)

Mepolizumab and omalizumab are treatments for distinct but overlapping severe asthma phenotypes.To assess if patients eligible for both biologics but not optimally controlled with omalizumab experience improved asthma control when switched directly to mepolizumab.OSMO was a multicenter, open-label, single-arm, 32-week trial in patients with ≥2 asthma exacerbations in the year prior to enrollment, despite receiving high-dose inhaled corticosteroids and other controller(s), plus omalizumab (≥4 months). At baseline, patients with blood eosinophil counts ≥150 cells/µL (or ≥300 cells/µL in the prior year) and an Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ)-5 score ≥1.5 discontinued omalizumab and immediately commenced mepolizumab 100 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks. Endpoints included change from baseline in ACQ-5 score (primary), St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score and the proportions of ACQ-5 and SGRQ responders, all at Week 32, and the annualized exacerbation rate over the study period.At Week 32 (intent-to-treat population [n = 145]), the least squares (LS) mean changes (standard error [SE]) in ACQ-5 and SGRQ total scores were -1.45 (0.107) and -19.0 (1.64) points; with 77% and 79% of patients achieving the minimum clinically important differences (ACQ-5: ≥0.5 points; SGRQ: ≥4 points), respectively. The annualized rate of clinically significant exacerbations was 1.18 events/year, a 64% reduction from 3.26 events/year during the previous year. Safety and immunogenicity profiles were consistent with previous trials.After directly switching from omalizumab to mepolizumab, patients with uncontrolled severe eosinophilic asthma experienced clinically significant improvements in asthma control, health status, and exacerbation rate, with no tolerability issues reported.
Funny old world
Authors: Carl Morris
Journal: BMJ (2000)

In humour, as in all aspects of life, different things appeal to different people. Some like slapstick, some love farce. One man's sick joke is another man's poison. Americans knew all about irony long before Mike Myers came along and spelled it out for them in Wayne's World (not), while in Japan comedians have traditionally always come from Osaka, where they undergo a rigorous and disciplined formal training.

In the world of illness, there may be little …
World Press Photo
Authors: Tiago Villanueva
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Did you know that in some Chinese villages up to 40% of the inhabitants became HIV positive in the '90s after selling their blood? Or that the rate of female self immolation increased in Afghanistan after the fall of the Taliban regime?



STEPHANIE SINCLAIR/VSA/CORBIS for MARIE CLAIRE

Getting treatment for self immolation



These health issues form an important part of this media photography exhibition, which covers the health news which has made the headlines in recent months and years.

World Press Photo is a not for profit organisation, the main goal of which is to support and promote press photographers worldwide. To make ends meet, it organises many activities, which culminate in the annual travelling exhibition, spanning 40 countries.

As the name implies, only award winning photographs are displayed. Although divided into different categories according to the subject depicted, they all relate to issues, events, or situations considered of great …
Combating Misrepresentation of Research Findings
Authors: Stephan D. Fihn
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, MD; Noman Lateef, MD; Tariq Jamal Siddiqi, MBBS; Karim Abdur Rehman, MD; Saed Alnaimat, MD; Safi U. Khan, MD; Haris Riaz, MD; M. Hassan Murad, MD; John Mandrola, MD; Rami Doukky, MD; Richard A. Krasuski, MD
Population-based prevalence of bronchiectasis and associated comorbidities in South Korea
Authors: Hayoung Choi, Bumhee Yang, Hyewon Nam, Dae-Sung Kyoung, Yun Su Sim, Hye Yun Park, Jae Seung Lee, Sei Won Lee, Yeon-Mok Oh, Seung Won Ra, Sang-Heon Kim, Jang Won Sohn, Ho Joo Yoon, Hyun Lee
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory disease characterised by abnormal dilatation of bronchi, which presents clinically with cough, sputum production and recurrent infection [1]. Although bronchiectasis had been regarded as an "orphan" disease [2], recent studies have shown that the prevalence of bronchiectasis is increasing and this disease causes a significant burden on public health, including increased healthcare costs, hospital admission and mortality [3–5]. A nationally representative study reveals that bronchiectasis prevalence in the South Korean population might be higher than in Western populations <http://bit.ly/2Z1ZZig> We thank Sang Won Seo, the manager of Hallym University Medical Center Business Information Team (Seoul, South Korea), for his generous assistance in data collection.
A Multigene Assay Determines Risk of Recurrence in Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Rachel L. Stewart, Katherine L. Updike, Rachel E. Factor, N. Lynn Henry, Kenneth M. Boucher, Philip S. Bernard, Katherine E. Varley
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Approximately 40% of patients with stage I–III triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) recur after standard treatment, whereas the remaining 60% experience long-term disease-free survival (DFS). There are currently no clinical tests to assess the risk of recurrence in TNBC patients. We previously determined that TNBC patients with MHC class II (MHCII) pathway expression in their tumors experienced significantly longer DFS. To translate this discovery into a clinical test, we developed an MHCII Immune Activation assay, which measures expression of 36 genes using NanoString technology. Preanalytical testing confirmed that the assay is accurate and reproducible in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens. The assay measurements were concordant with RNA-seq, MHCII protein expression, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte counts. In a training set of 44 primary TNBC tumors, the MHCII Immune Activation Score was significantly associated with longer DFS (HR = 0.17; P = 0.015). In an independent validation cohort of 56 primary FFPE TNBC tumors, the Immune Activation Score was significantly associated with longer DFS (HR = 0.19; P = 0.011) independent of clinical stage. An Immune Activation Score threshold for identifying patients with very low risk of relapse in the training set provided 100% specificity in the validation cohort. The assay format enables adoption as a standardized clinical prognostic test for identifying TNBC patients with a low risk of recurrence. Correlative data support future studies to determine if the assay can identify patients in whom chemotherapy can be safely deescalated and patients likely to respond to immunotherapy. Significance: The MHCII Immune Activation assay identifies TNBC patients with a low risk of recurrence, addressing a critical need for prognostic biomarker tests that enable precision medicine for TNBC patients.
Six a minute
Authors: Anthony Fleg
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Sitting down to write: 10:11 pm. Global AIDS deaths since 1 January 2004 as I begin to write: 2 ‘ 962 ’ 918



P VIROT/WHO



As many of us see HIV/AIDS become a chronic disease akin to diabetes and hypertension in our lands, much of the world sees it ravage entire generations and communities. As the rates stabilise and begin to fall in many of our countries, other places watch the virus spread like wildfire. As future doctors, some of us will tell a person with HIV/AIDS, “Yes, we can get you started on antiretroviral therapy that should allow you to continue living a normal …
Prisoners held under England's antiterrorism act face psychological damage
Authors: Madeleine Brettingham
Journal: BMJ (2004)

People detained under the Anti-terrorism Crime and Security Act are facing potentially irredeemable psychological damage, says a research report unveiled at a press conference in London, organised by the prisoners' lawyers, at the Royal College of Psychiatrists last week.

Eight detainees interned at London's Belmarsh Prison because of suspected links with terrorist groups were interviewed for the research. All showed symptoms of severe depression and anxiety, some exhibited psychotic behaviour, and in all cases their mental health was said to have drastically deteriorated during the period of their internment.

The interviews were done for the prisoners' legal counsel by a group of 12 forensic psychiatrists …
Health and human rights
Authors: Bishoy Morris
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The interplay between health and human rights is an interesting topic that is increasingly in focus these days. For a primer on the subject check out the World Health Organization publications (www.who.int/hhr/activities/publications/en). The first issue, 25 Questions and Answers, answers basic questions such as “What are human rights?” and “What is the link between health and human rights?” as well as more complex ones - “What implications could human rights have for evidence based information?” …
Abstract OT1-02-01: Phase I trial of bicalutamide and ribociclib in androgen receptor-positive triple negative breast cancer
Authors: M Sharifi, KB Wisinski, ME Burkard, AJ Tevaarwerk, D Tamkus, N Chan, C Truica, O Danciu, K Hoskins, RM O'Regan
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: To date, the use of anti-androgens in the subset of triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) that express androgen receptor (AR) has shown modest response rates, indicating anti-androgen-resistance in the majority of these tumors. Based on data that Cyclin D kinase (CDK) inhibitors reverse resistance to anti-androgens in prostate cancer cell lines, we hypothesize that the use of CDK inhibition may enhance the activity of anti-androgens in AR-positive TNBC. Methods: Key eligibility include: patients with centrally confirmed AR-positive TNBC, defined as AR expression &amp;gt;0%; 0 to 1 line of prior therapy for metastatic disease; and measurable disease. Patients are treated with bicalutamide 150mg orally once daily plus ribociclib at one of 3 dose levels (see table). Table 1Dose levelBicalutamideRibociclib1150mg orally once daily (D1 to 28)400mg daily (D1 to 21)2150mg orally once daily (D1 to 28)400mg daily (D1 to 28)3150mg orally once daily (D1 to 28)600mg daily (D1 to 21) Results: AR expression was positive by trial criteria in 74% of screened patients. Three patients have been accrued at each dose level. Median age is 56 and 6 and 3 patients were treated in first and second-line settings, respectively. Median AR expression was 50% (range 5 to 75%). Toxicity data is available for 6-patients treated on dose levels 1 and 2. No dose-limiting toxicities were noted. As anticipated with ribociclib, the most common toxicity is neutropenia (1 patient grade 4 and 2 patients grade 3). Two patients experienced grade 3 hypertension and 1 experienced grade 3 lymphopenia. Grade 2 or lower toxicities included fatigue, nausea, hyperglycemia and mucositis. One patient experienced grade 1 QT interval prolongation. Conclusion: The combination of bicalutamide and ribociclib is tolerable without unexpected toxicities. Data on the 3-patients treated at dose level 3 and dose expansion will be included. Phase 2 dosing schedule will be decided based on phase 1 results. Citation Format: Sharifi M, Wisinski KB, Burkard ME, Tevaarwerk AJ, Tamkus D, Chan N, Truica C, Danciu O, Hoskins K, O'Regan RM. Phase I trial of bicalutamide and ribociclib in androgen receptor-positive triple negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT1-02-01.
Internal medicine - The Essential Facts
Authors: Andrew Coulton
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The preface to Internal Medicine states that it is intended as a revision guide and aide memoire, to sit in the pockets of final year medical students and doctors. That might be an ambitious target; aren't the pockets of most white coats already rather full?

Used alongside quick reference medical handbooks, this book will be useful, but it will probably not be a replacement for popular clinical handbooks. A strong resemblance to thorough, well-presented, …
Turn back time
Authors: Robert N Butler, Richard A Miller, Daniel Perry, Bruce A Carnes, T Franklin Williams, Christine Cassel, Jacob Brody, Marie A Bernard, Linda Partridge, Thomas Kirkwood, George M Martin, S Jay Olshansky
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Susceptibility to disease grows as we age. Robert Butler and colleagues argue that interventions to slow down ageing could therefore have more benefit than targeting individual diseases
Abdominal x rays made easy: normal radiographs
Authors: Ian C Bickle, Barry Kelly
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Understanding <i>x</i> ray films is something that all clinical students should get to grips with. Starting out as a doctor, you will not need to be an expert but you will need to know the basics. Ian Bickle and Barry Kelly present the first part of a new series on interpreting plain abdominal radiographs
Comprehensive geriatric assessment in older patients suffering from infective endocarditis. A prospective multicentric cohort study
Authors: E. Forestier, C. Roubaud-Baudron, T. Fraisse, C. Patry, G. Gavazzi, B. Hoen, P. Carauz-Paz, B. Moheb-Khosravi, F. Delahaye, G. Sost, M. Paccalin, P. Nazeyrollas, C. Strady, F. Alla, C. Selton-Suty, S. Schambach, d’O. Vallette, B.M. Khosravi, C. Patry, C. Roubaud, A. Lafargue, F. Guerville, D. Kobeh, E. Averty, L. Thiennaud, E. Soulas, G. Gavazzi, T. Basileu, M. Chuzeville, M.-C. Laurain, M. Paccalin, J.L. Novella, L.A. Bertholon, Y. Jaidi, R. Guiard, G. Sost, J. Naturel, T. Fraisse, V. Vitrat, X. Duval, G. Wirth, E. Forestier, P. Pavese, I. Pierre, B. Hoen, É. Fernandes, E. Curlier, A. Boibieux, F. Goehringer, G. Béraud, Y. Nguyen, C. Strady, P. Tattevin, M. Revest, C. Piau, P.C. Paz, A.-C. Vançon, N. Naem, B. Richard, B. Iung, M. Dijos, A. Fluttaz, P.-V. Ennezat, F. Delahaye, C. Selton-Suty, C. Beaufort, P. Nazeyrollas, F. Torossian, C. Brasselet, E. Donal, O. Pineau, F. Alla, N. Agrinier, M.-L. Erpelding, W.N. Sime, G. Clavère, M. Lebouc, E. Ilic-Habensus, J. Durrieu, T. Habet, C. Dupré, A.-M. Chaissac, S. Touati, A. Delahaye, E. Marquis, M. Warchol, E. Thébault, C. Jouan, C. Campagnac, I. Petitgenêt
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2019)
Minerva: July 2002
Authors: Jin J Bong, Mark Lansdown, Snehal Lapsia, Paul Maguire
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Betel nut users put themselves at a high risk of oral cancer because the nuts induce chromosomal abnormalities. One analysis has identified that a loss in the short arm of chromosome 4 and a gain in the short arm of chromosome 9 are good predictors of prognosis. These losses are positively associated with poor outcome ( Oral Oncology 2002;38:266-73).

Hospitality workers breathe in environmental tobacco smoke whether they like it or not. Saliva samples taken before and after a typical work shift found significantly higher cotinine concentrations in those working in places where smoking is permitted than in smoke-free premises. They also reported a higher prevalence of respiratory and irritation symptoms. The cotinine concentrations reported in this study have been linked with substantial involuntary risks for cancer and heart disease ( Tobacco Control 2002;11:125-9).



A 37 year old man had a renal transplant performed 22 years ago and was taking azathioprine and prednisolone for immunosuppression. He was lost to follow up until he presented with a large squamous cell carcinoma on the dorsum of his right index finger. He subsequently underwent a ray amputation of his finger. …
Medical Association tries to stop national clinical skills test for US medical students
Authors: Karen Hebert
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The American Medical Association (AMA) has threatened to go to court in an attempt to stop the implementation of a national clinical skills test for medical students.

The National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) is hoping to implement the clinical skills test in 2004 for some graduating students, and it will become a national requirement for all graduating medical students in 2005.

The test has been designed as a simulated typical doctor's day. A student will see 10 standardised patients for …
From Chance to Choice: Genetics and Justice
Authors: Adrian M Viens
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The Human Genome Project has the potential to be the most revolution. ary development in medical research and practice. But it also has its hazards. From the late 19th to early 20th centuries, countries such as the United States, England, and Germany attempted to use genetic information to improve society by enforcing eugenic policies. These included such abuses as forced sterilisation, abortion, and murder …
Lehrbuch der Nervenkrankheiten.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnostic Modalities for Acute Compartment Syndrome of the Extremities
Authors: Sharri J. Mortensen, Molly M. Vora, Amin Mohamadi, Casey L. Wright, Philip Hanna, Aron Lechtig, Jonathan Egan, Patrick M. Williamson, John J. Wixted, Seward B. Rutkove, Ara Nazarian
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) can cause catastrophic tissue damage leading to permanent muscle and nerve loss. Acute compartment syndrome is a clinical diagnosis, with intracompartmental pressure (ICP) used in equivocal cases. There are no reliable diagnostic methods. The clinical evaluation is impossible to standardize, and the threshold for ICP has been known to be unreliable; thus, guidelines for diagnosis can result in overtreatment or delayed diagnosis.To present and review the advantages and disadvantages of each diagnostic modality and identify gaps that need to be addressed in the future and to review the most used and appropriate animal and human ACS models.We included clinical studies and animal models investigating diagnostic modalities for ACS of the extremities. A MEDLINE and Web of Science search was performed. The protocol for the study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42017079266). We assessed the quality of the clinical studies with Newcastle-Ottawa scale and reported level of evidence for each article.Fifty-one articles were included in this study, reporting on 38 noninvasive and 35 invasive modalities. Near-infrared spectroscopy and direct ICP measurement using a Stryker device were the most common, respectively. Cadaveric studies used saline infusions to create an ACS model. Most studies with human participants included injured patients with acquired ACS or at risk of developing ACS. In healthy human participants, tourniquets formed the most commonly used ACS model. Application of tourniquets and infusion of saline or albumin were the most used ACS models among animal studies.This article reports on the most common as well as many new and modified diagnostic modalities, which can serve as inspiration for future investigations to develop more effective and efficient diagnostic techniques for ACS. Future studies on diagnostic modalities should include the development of tools for continuous assessment of ICP to better identify the earliest alterations suggestive of impending ACS. With the advent of such technologies, it may be possible to develop far less aggressive and more effective approaches for early detection of ACS.
Underwater full-thickness resection of a duodenal bulb gastrointestinal stromal tumor with OverStitch defect repair
Authors: Antonino Granata, Michele Amata, Dario Ligresti, Pasquale Bonsignore, Sergio Li Petri, Mario Traina
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

A 61-year-old man was referred to our institute for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) evaluation of a subcentimeter subepithelial lesion of the duodenal bulb. Ultrasound imaging showed a homogeneous, hypoechoic lesion of 15 mm in diameter in the fourth layer of the inferior wall of the duodenal bulb ([Fig. 1 a, b]). EUS-guided fine needle aspiration showed a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and a computed tomography scan confirmed only a localized lesion ([Fig. 1 c]). The growth in size of the GIST with respect to the previous examination was an indication for resection, which remains the only modality that can offer permanent cure of GISTs, and avoid tumor rupture and injuries to the pseudocapsule [1].