tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P155 IMMO-LDRT01 trial: immunomodulatory effects of low dose radiation therapy of chronic degenerative and inflammatory diseases
Authors: A-J Donaubauer, T Gryc, I Becker, OJ Ott, R Fietkau, US Gaipl, B Frey
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Career situation of first and presenting author</h3> Student for a master or a PhD. <h3>Introduction</h3> The treatment of chronic inflammatory and/or degenerative diseases by low dose radiation therapy (LDRT) is a successful alternative treatment option, especially for patients who were refractory for treatment with drugs. Generally, LDRT aims to reduce pain of patients and to increase their mobility. Although LDRT has successfully been applied since the late 19th century, the underlying immunological mechanisms are only fragmentarily analyzed. <h3>Objectives</h3> Therefore we have aimed to analyze the impact of locally delivered LDRT on systemic immune changes. <h3>Methods</h3> For this the IMMO-LDRT01 study (NCT02653079) was initiated in 2016. The study will include 150 patients suffering from chronic inflammatory and/or degenerative diseases, such as arthritis, arthrosis or benign calcaneodynia. The patients are treated with six local irradiations (single dose per fraction of 0.5Gy) in three weeks. If necessary, the serial irradiation can be repeated after 8–12 weeks, in order to achieve a further reduction of the pain. Blood samples are taken before and after every serial irradiation, as well as during follow-up appointments of the patients. For detailed immunophenotyping of whole blood, we established a multicolor flow cytometry assay, which allows the monitoring of seven main immune cell types, 26 immune cell subtypes, and the activation status of the immune cells. <h3>Results</h3> To date 80 patients have been included in the study. First evaluations showed a significant reduction of B cells and cytotoxic T cells in the peripheral blood of patients. In particular, LDRT impacted on activation markers of immune cells. One has to stress that the immunological effects of LDRT were dependent on the particular type of disease of the patients. Currently, the data of the immunophenotyping are correlated to pain perception and quality of life of the patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These analyses will be helpful to optimize LDRT. A better patient stratification based on pain- and immune-related biomarkers is envisaged for the future, alongside with initiation of deliberated randomized clinical trials. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This study has been in part funded by the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (GREWIS and GREWIS-alpha, 02NUK017G and 02NUK050E). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared.
Investigating Potential Mechanism(s) By Which ASO-Based Drugs Cause Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Martina H. Lundberg Slingsby, Genevieve Couldwell, Prakrith Vijey, Brooke E Terkovich, Leila Noetzli, Ross Okazaki, Jonathan N. Thon, Scott P. Henry, Padmakumar Narayanan, Joseph E. Italiano
Journal: Blood (2018)
Fortifying Angiogenesis in Ischemic Muscle with FGF9‐Loaded Electrospun Poly(Ester Amide) Fibers
Authors: Somiraa S. Said, Hao Yin, Mai Elfarnawany, Zengxuan Nong, Caroline O'Neil, Hon Leong, James C. Lacefield, Kibret Mequanint, J. Geoffrey Pickering
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

Abstract Delivery of angiogenic growth factors lessens ischemia in preclinical models but has demonstrated little benefit in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Augmenting the wrapping of nascent microvessels by mural cells constitutes an alternative strategy to regenerating a functional microvasculature, particularly if integrated with a sustained delivery platform. Herein, electrospun poly(ester amide) (PEA) nanofiber mats are fabricated for delivering a mural cell‐targeting factor, fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9). Proof‐of‐principle is established by placing FGF9/FGF2‐loaded PEA fiber mats on the chick chorioallantoic membrane and identifying enhanced angiogenesis by 3D power Doppler micro‐ultrasound imaging. To assess the delivery system in ischemic muscle, FGF9‐loaded PEA fiber mats are implanted onto the surface of the tibialis anterior muscle of mice with hindlimb ischemia. The system supplies FGF9 into the tibialis anterior muscle and yields a neo‐microvascular network with enhanced mural cell coverage up to 28 days after injury. The regenerating muscle that receives FGF9 display near‐normal sized myofibers and reduced interstitial fibrosis. Moreover, the mice demonstrate improved locomotion. These findings of locally released FGF9 from PEA nanofibers raise prospects for a microvascular remodeling approach to improve muscle health in peripheral vascular disease.
A Visual Circuit Related to Habenula Underlies the Antidepressive Effects of Light Therapy
Authors: Lu Huang, Yue Xi, Yanfang Peng, Yan Yang, Xiaodan Huang, Yunwei Fu, Qian Tao, Jia Xiao, Tifei Yuan, Kai An, Huan Zhao, Mingliang Pu, Fuqiang Xu, Tian Xue, Minmin Luo, Kwok-Fai So, Chaoran Ren
Journal: Neuron (2019)
Cessation Intervention for Low-Income Smokers
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The glutathione-S-transferase mu-1 null genotype increases wood smoke-induced airway inflammation
Authors: Allison J. Burbank, Anusha Vadlamudi, Katherine H. Mills, Ethan M. Alt, Heather Wells, Haibo Zhou, Neil Alexis, Michelle L. Hernandez, David B. Peden
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Pachymeningitis Demonstrated on Gallium SPECT/CT Scan
Authors: Veronica C. Wong, Grace Yung, Robert Russo, Stephen W. Reddel, Robert Mansberg
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

A 34-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of right-sided headaches associated with photophobia and pulsatile tinnitus. Investigations including lumbar puncture revealed elevated opening CSF pressure, increased protein, and presence of monocytosis consistent with an inflammatory/infective process. Brain MRI showed an area of thickened enhancing dura around the venous sinus posteriorly. Ga scintigraphy demonstrated focal intracranial uptake in the posterior occipital region, and biopsy confirmed a chronic inflammatory infiltrate with no granulomas.
Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Fine Needle Aspiration in Small Solid Pancreatic Lesions: Reliability of Cytological Diagnosis and Impact on Further Management.
Authors: Mario Tadić, Milan Kujundžić, Žarko Babić, Marko Banić, Željko Čabrijan, Ivica Grgurević, Gordana Kaić, Duško Kardum, Ivica Lešnjaković, Tajana Štoos-Veić, Marija Urek, Mirjana. Vukelić-Marković
Journal: Gut (2006)
The utility of peripheral blood leucocyte ratios as biomarkers in infectious diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Clark D. Russell, Arun Parajuli, Hugo J. Gale, Naomi S. Bulteel, Philipp Schuetz, Cornelis P.C. de Jager, Anne J.M. Loonen, Georgios I. Merekoulias, J. Kenneth Baillie
Journal: Journal of Infection (2019)
Absence of GdX/UBL4A Protects against Inflammatory Diseases by Regulating NF-кB Signaling in Macrophages and Dendritic Cells
Authors: Chunxiao Liu, Yifan Zhou, Mengdi Li, Ying Wang, Liu Yang, Shigao Yang, Yarui Feng, Yinyin Wang, Yangmeng Wang, Fangli Ren, Jun Li, Zhongjun Dong, Y Eugene Chin, Xinyuan Fu, Li Wu, Zhijie Chang
Journal: Theranostics (2019)

Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation is critical for innate immune responses. However, cellular-intrinsic regulation of NF-κB activity during inflammatory diseases remains incompletely understood. Ubiquitin-like protein 4A (UBL4A, GdX) is a small adaptor protein involved in protein folding, biogenesis and transcription. Yet, whether GdX has a role during innate immune response is largely unknown. Methods: To investigate the involvement of GdX in innate immunity, we challenged GdX-deficient mice with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). To investigate the underlying mechanism, we performed RNA sequencing, real-time PCR, ELISA, luciferase reporter assay, immunoprecipitation and immunoblot analyses, flow cytometry, and structure analyses. To investigate whether GdX functions in inflammatory bowel disease, we generated dendritic cell (DC), macrophage (Mφ), epithelial-cell specific GdX-deficient mice and induced colitis with dextran sulfate sodium. Results: GdX enhances DC and Mφ-mediated innate immune defenses by positively regulating NF-κB signaling. GdX-deficient mice were resistant to LPS-induced endotoxin shock and DSS-induced colitis. DC- or Mφ- specific GdX-deficient mice displayed alleviated mucosal inflammation. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by GdX-deficient DCs and Mφ was reduced. Mechanistically, we found that tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2, TC45) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) form a complex with RelA (p65) to mediate its dephosphorylation whereas GdX interrupts the TC45/PP2A/p65 complex formation and restrict p65 dephosphorylation by trapping TC45. Conclusion: Our study provides a mechanism by which NF-κB signaling is positively regulated by an adaptor protein GdX in DC or Mφ to maintain the innate immune response. Targeting GdX could be a strategy to reduce over-activated immune response in inflammatory diseases.
Connecting the Dots: Validation of Time in Range Metrics With Microvascular Outcomes
Authors: Irl B. Hirsch, Jennifer L. Sherr, Korey K. Hood
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

The landmark Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) identified the relationship between intensive diabetes management for those with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and a delay in the onset or progression of microvascular complications, shifting the paradigm of clinical care for this chronic medical condition (1). Importantly, the data from that trial continue to have a lasting legacy as they can now be analyzed to inform present-day questions. An example of this comes from the article by Beck et al. in this issue of Diabetes Care (2) that concisely states the primary implication of the article in its title, “Validation of Time in Range as an Outcome Measure for Diabetes Clinical Trials.” In recent years, and with increasing use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), the ability to classify sensor glucose levels into various ranges has been feasible. Yet, some have questioned the validity of using these measures as a surrogate outcome measure in ongoing and future clinical trials. Indeed, some have called for a “modern-day” DCCT assessing whether CGM and a greater time in range (TIR) would result in fewer microvascular end points compared with self-monitoring of blood glucose (with intermittent masked CGM). Unfortunately, the duration of time, funds required, and ethical concerns given clinical equipoise regarding the benefits of the technology would make completion of a rigorous randomized controlled trial a near-impossible feat.

Recognizing the wealth of data that the DCCT affords, Beck et al. (2) found a creative solution to assess the hypothesis of whether TIR could serve as an outcome measure for future trials. Specifically, they capitalized on the glucose values captured seven times daily every 3 months during the course of the 6+ years of the DCCT. This allowed them to calculate the percent TIR of glucose values between 70 and 180 mg/dL and show a robust …
Texture analysis in contrast enhanced CT: New method to predict prognosis of small cell lung cancer treated with platinum-based chemotherapy
Authors: M. Wang, X. Ma
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Recently the texture analysis has been applied to help predict the clinical outcome and treatment response of various tumor types. This study investigates the relationship between the contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) texture features of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumors tissue, and the survival of the patients. Methods: Eighty-eight patients diagnosed with unresectable SCLC (Extended stage, 57; Limited stage, 31), and treated with platinum-based chemotherapy at West China hospital between January 2010 and 2015 were enrolled. All the patients are followed for at least 18 months or until death. The texture features of tumor tissues were extracted from CECT images taken prior to treatment. Based on the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, the optimal cutoff value of each texture parameter was obtained for further calculation. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to compare the eighteen-month overall survival (OS) rates and six-month event-free survival (EFS) rates of different patient subgroups. The multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the prognostic value of texture features on CECT images in patients with unresectable SCL C. Results: Of all CT texture features analyzed, six (GLCM-Contrast, GLCM-Dissimilarity, HISTO-Energy, HISTO-Entropy, HISTO-Skewness and Std-value) were shown to be significantly related to 18-month OS and could be considered as independent predictors of patients' survival. Two features (GLCM-Energy and GLCM-Entropy) were shown to be significantly correlated with the 6-month EFS but could not be taken as independent predictors according to the multivariate Cox regression analysis. Conclusions: Texture features of contrast-enhanced computed tomography could potentially serve as prognostic predictors for SCLC patients taken platinum-based chemotherapy. In view of the present study and previous reports, the CECT-based teture analysis atlas can be recommended in the clinical practice of SCLC. Legal entity responsible for the study: West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Clinical Factor 2013
Authors: Richard Balon
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2014)

try, General Hospital Psychiatry, JAMA, Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, Psychological Medicine, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics . I view myself first and foremost as a clinician (though academically oriented), and I am, as most clinicians are, looking for a way to help patients and for guidance in the treatment of my patients, and thus seeking new, innovative, or newly validated treatments. Thus, this is part of my clinician’s bias and it impacts my selection: the majority of the selected articles are on treatment-related issues or long-term outcome. I had originally selected more articles, and it has been difficult to narrow them down to the final 20. I am sure I missed some interesting ones, but as noted, this is a subjective selection.
Intestinal Enterococcus Is a Major Risk Factor for the Development of Acute Gvhd
Authors: Christoph K. Stein-Thoeringer, Jonathan U. Peled, Antonio LC Gomes, Amina Lazrak, Melissa D Docampo, Ann E. Slingerland, Katherine Nichols, Yusuke Shono, Daniela Weber, Anthony D. Sung, Daigo Hashimoto, Justin Cross, Takanori Teshima, Ernst Holler, Nelson J. Chao, Eric G. Pamer, Marcel R.M. van den Brink
Journal: Blood (2018)
Primary therapy of Graves' disease and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality: a linked-record cohort study
Authors: Onyebuchi E Okosieme, Peter N Taylor, Carol Evans, Dan Thayer, Aaron Chai, Ishrat Khan, Mohd S Draman, Brian Tennant, John Geen, Adrian Sayers, Robert French, John H Lazarus, Lakdasa D Premawardhana, Colin M Dayan
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2019)
P118 Podoplanin regulates the migration of mesenchymal stromal cells and their interaction with platelets
Authors: L Ward, L Sheriff, J Marshall, J Manning, G Nash, HM Mcgettrick
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Career situation of first and presenting author</h3> Young investigator. <h3>Introduction</h3> Within the rheumatoid joint, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) up-regulate podoplanin with unknown consequences for disease pathogenesis. The function of podoplanin has been linked to enhanced migratory potential and interactions with platelets. However, it is unclear how these two cell types interact with one another, given that MSC and platelets are usually located in in different anatomical compartments (tissue vs blood respectively) separated by the blood vascular endothelial cells (EC). <h3>Objectives</h3> Here, we examined the functional consequences of podoplanin expression on the migratory potential of MSC and their interactions with circulating platelets. <h3>Methods</h3> Human MSC were isolated from healthy controls Comparisons were made between podoplanin positive and negative MSC. MSC migration across 8 um pore filters following treatment with anti-siRNA podoplanin or Rho GTPases inhibitors was assessed. MSC-platelet interactions were assessed by culturing MSC on the basal surface of 3 um pore filters and perfusing fluorescently labelled platelets in whole blood over the apical surface. In some cases, the apical surface of the filter was pre-coated with EC, forming an EC-MSC co-culture, prior to platelet perfusion. <h3>Results</h3> Expression of podoplanin significantly enhanced the migration of MSC compared to MSC lacking podoplanin. Rac-1 inhibition altered the membrane localisation of podoplanin and in turn significantly reduced MSC migration. Blocking Rac-1 activity had no effect on the migration of MSC lacking podoplanin, indicating it was responsible for regulation of migration through podoplanin. When podoplanin-expressing MSC were seeded on the basal surface of a porous filter, they were able to capture platelets perfused over the uncoated apical surface and induce platelet aggregation. Similar microthrombi were observed when EC were co-cultured on the apical surface. Confocal imaging shows podoplanin-expressing MSC extending processes into the EC layer, which could interact with circulating platelets. In both models, platelet aggregation induced by podoplanin-expressing MSC was inhibited by recombinant soluble CLEC-2. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Podoplanin enhances the migratory capacity of tissue-resident MSC enabling them to move more rapidly within the rheumatoid joint. Moreover, podoplanin allows MSC to interact with both circulating and tissue platelets to elicit either protective or pathogenic responses. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This work was funded by an Versus Arthritis Career Development Fellowship, a MRC-funded PhD studentship and BHF Grant. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared.
Population structure of human gut bacteria in a diverse cohort from rural Tanzania and Botswana
Authors: Matthew E. B. Hansen, Meagan A. Rubel, Aubrey G. Bailey, Alessia Ranciaro, Simon R. Thompson, Michael C. Campbell, William Beggs, Jaanki R. Dave, Gaonyadiwe G. Mokone, Sununguko Wata Mpoloka, Thomas Nyambo, Christian Abnet, Stephen J. Chanock, Frederic D. Bushman, Sarah A. Tishkoff
Journal: Genome biology (2019)

Gut microbiota from individuals in rural, non-industrialized societies differ from those in individuals from industrialized societies. Here, we use 16S rRNA sequencing to survey the gut bacteria of seven non-industrialized populations from Tanzania and Botswana. These include populations practicing traditional hunter-gatherer, pastoralist, and agropastoralist subsistence lifestyles and a comparative urban cohort from the greater Philadelphia region.We find that bacterial diversity per individual and within-population phylogenetic dissimilarity differs between Botswanan and Tanzanian populations, with Tanzania generally having higher diversity per individual and lower dissimilarity between individuals. Among subsistence groups, the gut bacteria of hunter-gatherers are phylogenetically distinct from both agropastoralists and pastoralists, but that of agropastoralists and pastoralists were not significantly different from each other. Nearly half of the Bantu-speaking agropastoralists from Botswana have gut bacteria that are very similar to the Philadelphian cohort. Based on imputed metagenomic content, US samples have a relative enrichment of genes found in pathways for degradation of several common industrial pollutants. Within two African populations, we find evidence that bacterial composition correlates with the genetic relatedness between individuals.Across the cohort, similarity in bacterial presence/absence compositions between people increases with both geographic proximity and genetic relatedness, while abundance weighted bacterial composition varies more significantly with geographic proximity than with genetic relatedness.
Pulmonary cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA shedding in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: Implications for the diagnosis of CMV pneumonia
Authors: José Luis Piñana, Estela Giménez, María Dolores Gómez, Ariadna Pérez, Eva María González, Víctor Vinuesa, Juan Carlos Hernández-Boluda, Juan Montoro, Miguel Salavert, Mar Tormo, Paula Amat, Paula Moles, Carlos Carretero, Aitana Balaguer-Roselló, Jaime Sanz, Guillermo Sanz, Carlos Solano, David Navarro
Journal: Journal of Infection (2019)

Highlights•CMV DNA is frequently detected in BAL fluid specimens from allo-HSCT.•CMV DNA detection in BAL fluids is comparable across pneumonia etiologies.•CMV DNA loads in BAL fluids are comparable across pneumonia etiologies.•CMV DNA load in BAL may predict attributable-pneumonia mortality.SummaryObjectivesTo date no definitive cut-off value for cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA load in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid specimens has been established to discriminate between CMV pneumonia and pulmonary CMV DNA shedding in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) recipients.MethodsThe current retrospective study is aimed at assessing the range of CMV DNA loads quantified in BAL fluid specimens from allo-HSCT patients with pneumonia in which different microorganisms were causally involved.ResultsA total of 144 BAL specimens from 123 patients were included. CMV DNA was detected in 56 out of 144 BAL fluid specimens and the median CMV DNA load from patients in whom CMV pneumonia was unlikely or could be tentatively ruled out was 1210 (31–68, 920) IU/ml. The frequency of CMV DNA detection and median CMV DNA loads were comparable, irrespective of the attributable cause of pneumonia. Detection of CMV DNA loads in BAL fluid specimens >500 IU/ml was independently associated with pneumonia-attributable mortality.ConclusionsThe current study highlights the difficulty in establishing universal CMV DNA load thresholds in BAL fluid specimens for distinguishing between CMV pneumonia and pulmonary CMV DNA shedding, and suggests that the presence of CMV DNA in BAL fluid specimens beyond a certain level may have a deleterious impact on patient outcome.