tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P5-16-11: Intraoperative central nipple biopsy in subcutaneous mastectomies - A retrospective analysis of 200 patients
Authors: C Eichler, S Stephan, F Thangarajah, J Puppe, W Mathias
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Subcutaneous nipple sparing mastectomies (NSM) are an important tool in modern oncoplastic surgery. Especially when an immediate implant-based reconstruction (IBR) is desired, clean margins are of the utmost importance. Central nipple biopsies during surgery serve two main purposes. Most importantly, it is hypothesized that a general recurrence risk reduction occurs due to elimination of glandular and ductal components within the nipple. In addition, intraoperative pathological evaluation of this biopsy may increase clean margin resection rates. This trial aimed to evaluate complication rates, local recurrence and clean margin resection rates in a head-to-head retrospective manner. Methods: Starting in 2015, intraoperative central nipple biopsy in NSM with IBR was introduced at the Municipal Breast Cancer Centre Cologne, Holweide, Germany. This trial evaluates global complication rates (necrosis, implant loss, seroma and hematoma), long term local recurrence and clean margin status for cohort 1 (n=100) SSM with nipple biopsy vs. cohort 2 (control, n = 100) without nipple biopsy. In case of an involved central nipple biopsy, the nipple areola complex was removed. This analysis is a single center, multi-surgeon, retrospective, head to head analysis. Median follow-up is three years. All IBR procedures used an epipectoral implant pocket. Results: Global complication rates did not differ significantly between both cohorts. There was no increased rate of implant loss and or revision surgery. Within the medium three-year follow-up there was no case of local recurrence within nipple areola complex for both cohorts. An Involved central nipple biopsy was however found in 2% (n=2 /100) of the performed SSM procedures leading to the immediate removal of the nipple areola complex. Surgical time did not increase with central biopsy. A significantly higher rate of re-surgery due to involved margins was shown in the control cohort. Conclusions: This analysis showed that intraoperative evaluation of the ductal components of the nipple is a safe procedure. At least 2% of the patients showed an immediate advantage of this procedure since clean margins were obtained by removing the nipple areola complex during the same surgery. The medium follow-up showed no significant difference in local recurrence. We therefore strongly, recommend a central nipple biopsy for all NSM procedures. Citation Format: Eichler C, Stephan S, Thangarajah F, Puppe J, Mathias W. Intraoperative central nipple biopsy in subcutaneous mastectomies - A retrospective analysis of 200 patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-16-11.
Heart murmurs in children
Authors: Elisabeth Hoyles, Adam Lomas, Obed Onuzo
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Heart murmurs in children Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Structured Population-based Prostate-specific Antigen Screening for Prostate Cancer: The European Association of Urology Position in 2019
Authors: Giorgio Gandaglia, Peter Albers, Per-Anders Abrahamsson, Alberto Briganti, James W.F. Catto, Christopher R. Chapple, Francesco Montorsi, Nicolas Mottet, Monique J. Roobol, Jens Sønksen, Manfred Wirth, Hendrik van Poppel
Journal: European Urology (2019)
The landscape of cancer cell line metabolism
Authors: Haoxin Li, Shaoyang Ning, Mahmoud Ghandi, Gregory V. Kryukov, Shuba Gopal, Amy Deik, Amanda Souza, Kerry Pierce, Paula Keskula, Desiree Hernandez, Julie Ann, Dojna Shkoza, Verena Apfel, Yilong Zou, Francisca Vazquez, Jordi Barretina, Raymond A. Pagliarini, Giorgio G. Galli, David E. Root, William C. Hahn, Aviad Tsherniak, Marios Giannakis, Stuart L. Schreiber, Clary B. Clish, Levi A. Garraway, William R. Sellers
Journal: Nature Medicine (2019)
HDL and Reverse Cholesterol Transport
Authors: Mireille Ouimet, Tessa J. Barrett, Edward A. Fisher
Journal: Circulation Research (2019)

Cardiovascular disease, with atherosclerosis as the major underlying factor, remains the leading cause of death worldwide. It is well established that cholesterol ester-enriched foam cells are the hallmark of atherosclerotic plaques. Multiple lines of evidence support that enhancing foam cell cholesterol efflux by HDL (high-density lipoprotein) particles, the first step of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), is a promising antiatherogenic strategy. Yet, excitement towards the therapeutic potential of manipulating RCT for the treatment of cardiovascular disease has faded because of the lack of the association between cardiovascular disease risk and what was typically measured in intervention trials, namely HDL cholesterol, which has an inconsistent relationship to HDL function and RCT. In this review, we will summarize some of the potential reasons for this inconsistency, update the mechanisms of RCT, and highlight conditions in which impaired HDL function or RCT contributes to vascular disease. On balance, the evidence still argues for further research to better understand how HDL functionality contributes to RCT to develop prevention and treatment strategies to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Interpreting head computed tomography scans
Authors: Adam Marcus, Hani Marcus, Ramez Kirollos
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Interpreting head computed tomography scans Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Inflammasome Activation Triggers Blood Clotting and Host Death through Pyroptosis
Authors: Congqing Wu, Wei Lu, Yan Zhang, Guoying Zhang, Xuyan Shi, Yohei Hisada, Steven P. Grover, Xinyi Zhang, Lan Li, Binggang Xiang, Jumei Shi, Xiang-An Li, Alan Daugherty, Susan S. Smyth, Daniel Kirchhofer, Toshihiko Shiroishi, Feng Shao, Nigel Mackman, Yinan Wei, Zhenyu Li
Journal: Immunity (2019)
Abstract P2-14-26: Withdrawn
Authors: F Meybodi, N Sedaghat, J French, E Elder
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract This abstract was withdrawn by the authors. Citation Format: Meybodi F, Sedaghat N, French J, Elder E. Withdrawn [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-14-26.
A doctor and poet
Authors: Sally Carter
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Dannie Abse is a poet and doctor. He was born into a Welsh-Jewish family in Cardiff in 1923. He studied medicine at Cardiff University College, King’s College, London, and Westminster Hospital. His first book of poetry was published while he was still a medical student. Over the years he has received many awards for his poetry, plays, and fiction. He was in the Royal Air Force from 1951-54 and he was a specialist in charge of the chest clinic at the Central Medical Establishment, London. He continued his employment there as a civilian until 1989. He married Joan Mercer, the art historian, in 1951 and has two daughters and a son. His wife died in a car crash in 2005. His book, The Presence , which won the Wales Book of the Year Award 2008, commemorates their life together. Since then he has been the recipient of a Wilfred Owen Award and a CBE. His most …
Multi-bioresponsive silk fibroin-based nanoparticles with on-demand cytoplasmic drug release capacity for CD44-targeted alleviation of ulcerative colitis
Authors: Shuangquan Gou, Yamei Huang, Ying Wan, Ya Ma, Xin Zhou, Xiaoling Tong, Jin Huang, Yuejun Kang, Guoqing Pan, Fangyin Dai, Bo Xiao
Journal: Biomaterials (2019)
Abstract P2-08-35: A significance of SUVmax levels on FDG-PET as a prognostic factor may be mediated by local immune environment of breast cancer
Authors: Y Fujimoto, T Higuchi, T Watanabe, AI Hida, M Imamura, K Kitajima, Y Miyoshi
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract (Background) SUVmax levels (maximum radioactivity concentration per a pixel) on FDG-PET reflect glucose uptake and it is clinically useful as a prognostic factor. It is reported that breast cancer with high levels of SUVmax causes insufficient glucose concentration in stromal tissue, which results in suppressed cytotoxic T-lymphocytes function. These data may indicate that the prognostic significance of SUVmax levels is influenced by local immune environment of breast cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate whether local immune responses of breast cancer affect correlation of SUVmax levels and prognosis. (Method) The 278 invasive breast cancer patients were recruited who underwent surgery at Hyogo College of Medicine Hospital and whose SUVmax levels in the breast were examined before surgery or neo-adjuvant therapy. The cutoff value of SUVmax levels was set at 3.585. Tumor infiltrate lymphocytes (TILs) were evaluated as a local immune response and the distributions of TILs were divided into three groups, inflamed (intra-tumoral lymphocytes, Inf), immune excluded (peri-tumoral lymphocytes, IE) and immune desert (very few lymphocytes, ID). During follow-up period (median 39 months), 21 patients relapsed. (Results) Relapse free survival (RFS) in the SUVmax-high group was significantly worse than in the SUVmax–low group (p=0.0026). There was no correlation between TILs distribution patterns and RFS. In the IE+ID group (175 patients) SUVmax levels were not correlated with prognosis, but in the Inf group (103 patients) RFS of SUVmax-high was significantly worse than of SUVmax-low (p=0.0051). In the multivariate analysis including nodal status and nuclear grade, SUVmax levels of the Inf group was an independent prognostic factor. (Discussion and conclusion) SUVmax levels in primary lesions were correlated with prognosis only in the Inf group and were not in the IE+ID group. A significance of SUVmax levels as a prognostic factor may be diverse depending on the local immune environment of breast cancer. A novel therapeutic strategy such as inducing suppression of glucose uptake in cancer cells is suggested for breast cancer with immune inflamed. Citation Format: Fujimoto Y, Higuchi T, Watanabe T, Hida AI, Imamura M, Kitajima K, Miyoshi Y. A significance of SUVmax levels on FDG-PET as a prognostic factor may be mediated by local immune environment of breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-35.
Migration and Phenotype Control of Human Dermal Fibroblasts by Electrospun Fibrous Substrates
Authors: Huizhi Chen, Yuan Siang Lui, Zhen Wei Tan, Justin Yin Hao Lee, Nguan Soon Tan, Lay Poh Tan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

Electrospun fibrous matrices, mimicking extracellular matrix (ECM) hierarchical structures, are potential scaffolds for wound healing. To design functional scaffolds, it is important to explore the interactions between scaffold topographic features and cellular responses, especially directional migration and phenotypic changes, which are critical functional aspects during wound healing. Here, accelerated and persistent migration of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) is observed on fibers with aligned orientation. Furthermore, aligned fibers can induce fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation of HDFs. During wound healing, the presence of myofibroblasts advances wound repair by rendering contractile force and ECM deposition within the early and middle courses, but its continuous persistence in the later event may not be desired due to the contribution in pathological scarring. To tune the balance, it is noted in this work that the introduction of matricellular protein angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is capable of reversing the phenotypic alteration induced by aligned fibers, in a time-dependent manner. These results indicate fibrous matrices with oriented configuration are functional in mediating directional cell migration and phenotypic change. The discoveries further suggest that tissue-engineered fibrous grafts with precise alignment modulation and ANGPTL4 releasing properties may thus be promising to promote wound repair with minimizing scar formation.
Transgenerational effects of stress targeting the 45S rRNA for genetic and epigenetic reprogramming
Authors: Yih-Horng Shiao, Joshua Spurrier, Sean McCann, Cuiju Wang, Erik Crawford, Pritesh Patel, Xin Ge, Janet Fields, Jihee Choe, Lucy Anderson
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

2855  Paternal experiences, as well as exposures, are suspected to contribute to disease risk in offspring, including cancer. Chromium(III), a glucose regulator, physiological stressor and a preconceptional carcinogen in mice, and acid saline vehicle, which is also a stressor after i.p. injection, were used to examine transgenerational effects on the 45S ribosomal RNA gene, previously identified as a target. Allele frequencies of the rRNA spacer and gene promoters, and DNA methylation in the spacer promoter were quantified by pyrosequencing after polymerase chain reaction amplification. In the sperm of treated mice, both chromium(III) and acid saline induced hypomethylation (paired T test, p
Abstract P297: Reduced Fat Mass and Improved Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Black Women after Completion of 6-month Worksite Weight Loss Program
Authors: Benjamin M Leon, Bernard V Miller, Gloria Zalos, Kong Y Chen, Anne E Sumner, Richard O Cannon
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: As the epidemic of obesity in the United States steadily worsens, black women are disproportionately affected. Diminished insulin sensitivity has been linked with obesity and heightened risk of subsequent type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hypothesis: We propose that a decrease in fat mass achievable by weight loss intervention at the worksite improves insulin sensitivity in overweight black women. Methods: Fifty-four overweight black women [age 45±10 years (mean±SD), BMI range 25.9 to 54.7 kg/m 2 ] completed a 6-month program that included web-based nutrition information and/or dietitian counseling and access to exercise rooms near their work areas. All participants were advised to reduce daily caloric intake by 500 kcal and instructed to increase daily activity by 5,000 steps, measured by pedometer, above baseline readings. The following measurements were performed: weight, total fat mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and insulin sensitivity index (S I ) calculated from the minimal model. Repeat of all measurements was performed at 6 months. Results: Baseline S I (median 3.0 liter/mU -1 •min -1 , range 0.74 to 7.58 liter/mU -1 •min -1 , with lower values signifying insulin resistance) was negatively associated with fat mass (r= -0.584, P&lt;0.001) independent of age. Significant reductions in weight (92.6±18.1 to 91.1±18.9 kg, P&lt;0.01) and fat mass (40.8±12.4 to 39.4±12.6 kg, P&lt;0.01) were determined for subjects completing the program. Reduction in fat mass following completion of the program was associated with an increase in S I (r= -0.293, P=0.032). When analyzed by tertiles of fat mass change (Figure), compared to the tertile with net fat mass gain (far left bar), the two tertiles with net fat mass loss had significantly improved insulin sensitivity (higher S I ). Conclusions: Even modest fat mass reduction in overweight non-diabetic black women with a combination of diet and exercise can improve insulin sensitivity, which has the potential to reduce or delay the onset of T2D and CVD.
Abstract P4-07-10: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition sensitizes breast cancer cells to paraptosis-mediated cell death via the fungus-derived sesterpenoid, Ophiobolin A
Authors: K Reisenauer, Y Tao, A Ingros, T Philip, A Evidente, A Kornienko, D Romo, J Taube
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) enables the dissociation of cancer cells from the primary tumor by facilitating tolerance to lack of cell-adhesion, decreasing cellular division and increasing motility of individual cells, which leads to an invasive phenotype that links EMT to metastasis. Furthermore, EMT results in the acquisition of stem-cell markers and an increased ability to initiate tumor growth, supporting the concept that EMT may contribute to the development of a small, persistent sub-population of the tumor called cancer stem cells (CSCs). Cells that have undergone EMT have characteristically suppressed cell cycles, making them resistant to commonly used chemotherapies that target DNA replication or microtubule dynamics, processes essential to replicating cells. Nonspecific treatments can also rely on inducing apoptotic cell death; however, recent debates challenge the efficacy of apoptosis in solid tumors, citing high rates of acquired resistance. Utilizing a compound that induces alternative cell death, namely paraptosis, becomes attractive when these other treatments fail. Relying on an activated gene expression program, paraptosis results in the swelling of the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum and Apaf-1-independent alternative caspase-9 activity. Treating with paraptosis-inducing compounds such as Ophiobolin A (OpA) specifically targets otherwise-insensitive CSC and EMT cells to re-sensitize bulk tumor populations to chemotherapies. We describe EMT as a key driver of enhanced sensitivity to paraptosis-induced cell death following short-term treatment with OpA or other paraptosis-inducing compounds. Further, paraptosis selectively eliminates the CSC sub-population by reducing stem cell activity and highlights the potential of this pathway in breast cancer treatment. Citation Format: Reisenauer K, Tao Y, Ingros A, Philip T, Evidente A, Kornienko A, Romo D, Taube J. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition sensitizes breast cancer cells to paraptosis-mediated cell death via the fungus-derived sesterpenoid, Ophiobolin A [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-10.
Abstract P6-02-10: Early ultrasound evaluation for prediction of treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer patients
Authors: BE Adrada, R Candelaria, S Moulder, D Lane, L Santiago, E Arribas, KR Hess, V Valero, A Thompson, T Helgason, E Ravenberg, W Yang, GM Rauch
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is molecularly heterogeneous disease. Genomic profiling to identify the distinct TNBC subtypes is costly with long turnaround time. Early ultrasound after two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has the potential to identify patients who are likely to have pathological complete response. Suspected non-responder patients can undergo comprehensive genetic testing and triaged for specific targeted therapeutic trials. Aim: To determine the value of ultrasound evaluation after two cycles of NAC to predict complete pathologic response in TNBC breast cancer patients. Methods: 98 patients enrolled in “A randomized triple Negative Breast Cancer Enrolling Trial to Confirm Molecular Profiling Improves Survival” (Artemis) at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center had ultrasound evaluation before treatment and after two cycles of NAC (Adriamycin and Cyclophosphamide). Three-dimensional measurements of the tumor were obtained at baseline and after 2 cycles of the NAC. Change in the tumor volume after 2 cycles of NAC was calculated. Residual cancer Volume (RCB) was calculated based on the final histopathology at surgery. Linear regression analysis evaluated associations between residual cancer burden (RCB) and change in volume of the index tumor. Results: Median tumor size at diagnosis was 3 cm, range 0.6-11.9cm. Median size after two cycles was 2 cm, range 0.6-12.8 cm. RCB 0-I was seen in 55% of patients (54/98). Linear regression analysis demonstrated that of 22 patients with volume reduction &amp;gt;75%, 18 patients (82%) had RCB0-I (95%CI, 61%-93%). Conclusion: Our data suggest that ultrasound exam after 2 cycles of NAC can identify TNBC patients who are unlikely to respond to standard NAC. These non-responder TNBC patients can be triaged for additional genetic testing and subsequent targeted clinical trials. Study on the larger number of patients is currently on the way. Citation Format: Adrada BE, Candelaria R, Moulder S, Lane D, Santiago L, Arribas E, Hess KR, Valero V, Thompson A, Helgason T, Ravenberg E, Yang W, Rauch GM. Early ultrasound evaluation for prediction of treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-02-10.
Breast cancer—a son’s viewpoint, not a doctor’s. . .
Authors: David G Samuel
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Last year, when I was nine months into my career as a junior doctor, both my personal life and family life were happy and normal. And then my family’s lives were turned upside down when my mother was recalled by the breast cancer screening programme, biopsied, and diagnosed with grade 2 ductal carcinoma. The consultant sat down and broke the bad news, explained the next steps regarding undergoing lumpectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy, and answered any questions we had. We left the cancer centre hand in hand. 

Having completed a four month job in breast surgery, and having a special interest in oncology and palliative care, this experience was too close for …
Durable Clinical Response of Lung Adenocarcinoma Harboring EGFR 19Del/T790M/in trans-C797S to Combination Therapy of First- and Third-Generation EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Zhen Zhou, Yi Zhao, Shengping Shen, Linping Gu, Xiaomin Niu, Yunhua Xu, Tengfei Zhang, Jianxing Xiang, Xinru Mao, Shun Lu
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2019)
Abstract P1-08-25: Withdrawn
Authors: H Zhao, Y Gong, F Ye, H Ling, X Hu
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract This abstract was withdrawn by the authors. Citation Format: Zhao H, Gong Y, Ye F, Ling H, Hu X. Withdrawn [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-08-25.