tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A comparison of four serological assays for detecting anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in human serum samples from different populations
Authors: Ludivine Grzelak, Sarah Temmam, Cyril Planchais, Caroline Demeret, Laura Tondeur, Christèle Huon, Florence Guivel-Benhassine, Isabelle Staropoli, Maxime Chazal, Jeremy Dufloo, Delphine Planas, Julian Buchrieser, Maaran Michael Rajah, Remy Robinot, Françoise Porrot, Mélanie Albert, Kuang-Yu Chen, Bernadette Crescenzo-Chaigne, Flora Donati, François Anna, Philippe Souque, Marion Gransagne, Jacques Bellalou, Mireille Nowakowski, Marija Backovic, Lila Bouadma, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Diane Descamps, Annabelle Pourbaix, Cédric Laouénan, Jade Ghosn, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Camille Besombes, Nathalie Jolly, Sandrine Pellerin-Fernandes, Olivia Cheny, Marie-Noëlle Ungeheuer, Guillaume Mellon, Pascal Morel, Simon Rolland, Felix A. Rey, Sylvie Behillil, Vincent Enouf, Audrey Lemaitre, Marie-Aude Créach, Stephane Petres, Nicolas Escriou, Pierre Charneau, Arnaud Fontanet, Bruno Hoen, Timothée Bruel, Marc Eloit, Hugo Mouquet, Olivier Schwartz, Sylvie van der Werf
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2020)

Different serological assays measuring anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and their neutralizing activity in samples from individuals with severe and mild COVID-19 are compared.
In patients with coronary disease and CKD, adding an invasive strategy to MT did not improve outcomes
Authors: William G. Herrington, Natalie Staplin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Bangalore S, Maron DJ, O'Brien SM, et al. Management of coronary disease in patients with advanced kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:1608-18. 32227756.
When Prescribing Isn’t Enough — Pharmacy-Level Barriers to Buprenorphine Access
Authors: Hannah L.F. Cooper, David H. Cloud, April M. Young, Patricia R. Freeman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Interview with Dr. Justin Berk on starting patients recently released from incarceration on treatment for opioid use disorder. (10:59)Download Federal and state initiatives designed to increase access to buprenorphine have focused nearly exclusively on physicians and other prescribers. Yet their success depends entirely on whether pharmacists dispense buprenorphine to patients who present with a prescription.
Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution Within Syringe Service Programs — United States, 2019
Authors: Barrot H. Lambdin, Ricky N. Bluthenthal, Lynn D. Wenger, Eliza Wheeler, Bryan Garner, Paul Lakosky, Alex H. Kral
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)

Syringe service programs (SSPs), which provide access to sterile syringes and other injection equipment and their safe disposal after use,* represent a highly successful human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention intervention. SSPs are associated with a 58% reduction in the incidence of HIV infection among persons who inject drugs (1). In addition, SSPs have led efforts to prevent opioid overdose deaths by integrating evidence-based opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) programs (2-4). OEND programs train laypersons to respond during overdose events and provide access to naloxone and directions for drug delivery (2-4). SSPs are ideal places for OEND because they provide culturally relevant services designed to reach persons at high risk for experiencing or observing an opioid overdose. A 2013 survey found that only 55% of SSPs in the United States had implemented OEND (5). To characterize current implementation of OEND among SSPs, and to describe the current reach (i.e., the ratio of persons who received naloxone per opioid overdose death and the ratio of naloxone doses distributed per opioid overdose death) of SSP-based OEND programs by U.S. Census division,† a survey of known U.S. SSPs was conducted in 2019, which found that 94% of SSPs had implemented OEND. In addition, the reach of SSP-based OEND programs varied by U.S. Census division. Scaling up of SSP-based OEND delivery programs could be a critical component for areas of the country with high opioid overdose death rates and low reach.
Intestinal proinflammatory macrophages induce a phenotypic switch in interstitial cells of Cajal
Authors: Xuyong Chen, Xinyao Meng, Hongyi Zhang, Chenzhao Feng, Bin Wang, Ning Li, Khalid Mohamoud Abdullahi, Xiaojuan Wu, Jixin Yang, Zhi Li, Chunlei Jiao, Jia Wei, Xiaofeng Xiong, Kang Fu, Lei Yu, Gail E. Besner, Jiexiong Feng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are pacemaker cells in the intestine, and their function can be compromised by loss of C-KIT expression. Macrophage activation has been identified in intestine affected by Hirschsprung disease–associated enterocolitis (HAEC). In this study, we examined proinflammatory macrophage activation and explored the mechanisms by which it downregulates C-KIT expression in ICCs in colon affected by HAEC. We found that macrophage activation and TNF-α production were dramatically increased in the proximal dilated colon of HAEC patients and 3-week-old Ednrb–/– mice. Moreover, ICCs lost their C-KIT+ phenotype in the dilated colon, resulting in damaged pacemaker function and intestinal dysmotility. However, macrophage depletion or TNF-α neutralization led to recovery of ICC phenotype and restored their pacemaker function. In isolated ICCs, TNF-α–mediated phosphorylation of p65 induced overexpression of microRNA-221 (miR-221), resulting in suppression of C-KIT expression and pacemaker currents. We also identified a TNF-α/NF-κB/miR-221 pathway that downregulated C-KIT expression in ICCs in the colon affected by HAEC. These findings suggest the important roles of proinflammatory macrophage activation in a phenotypic switch of ICCs, representing a promising therapeutic target for HAEC.
Targeted Beacopp Variants In Patients With Newly Diagnosed Advanced Stage Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: Interim Results Of a Randomized Phase II Study
Authors: Peter Borchmann, Dennis A. Eichenauer, Annette Plütschow, Stefanie Kreissl, Michael Fuchs, Martin Soekler, Nicole Engel, Julia Meissner, Stephan Mathas, Karolin Behringer, Markus Dietlein, Carsten Kobe, Volker Diehl, Andreas Engert
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 2279: A Comparison of Early and Long-Term Outcomes Following Off-Pump and On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: Variation by Renal Function
Authors: Yan Li, Zhe Zheng, Shiju Zhang, Ye Lin, Xianqiang Wang, Peng Zhang, Huawei Gao, Wei Li, Shengshou Hu
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: The two surgical strategies for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery are on-pump CABG and off-pump CABG (OPCAB). Earlier studies comparing these two strategies have shown only small differences in clinical outcomes. In light of the growing interest in tailored therapy, the identification of patient subset in which major differences in outcomes exist based on surgical strategy is highly important. Patients with impaired renal function may be a potential target because this patient subset is at increased risk for adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Methods: We analyzed data from 5550 consecutive patients undergoing isolated CABG surgery between 1999 and 2005 according to the surgical strategy and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), which was calculated with the 4-point Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation. Early outcomes were in-hospital mortality and postoperative morbidities; and long-term outcomes included total mortality, repeated revascularization, myocardial infarction (MI), and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs=total mortality or repeated revascularization or MI). These outcomes were compared after adjustment for differences in baseline risk factors among the patients. Results: 1543 (27.8%) patients had impaired renal function (eGFR&lt;60ml/min/1.73 m 2 ). In this patient subset, OPCAB was associated with lower rates of 2 postoperative morbidities and comparable in-hospital mortality rate, but long-term outcomes appeared to be inferior for OPCAB with regard to total mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.662, 95%CI 1.037 to 2.664], repeated revascularization (HR 2.099, 95%CI 1.177 to 3.743), MI (HR 2.046, 95%CI 1.110 to 3.774), and MACEs (HR 1.834, 95%CI 1.236 to 2.722). Among patients with preserved renal function (eGFR≥60 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ), the analysis showed no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the two surgical strategies. Conclusions: We observed a significant heterogeneity in treatment effect of surgical strategy (off-pump/on-pump surgery) in relation to renal function. These data suggest that impaired renal function may identify a target patient subset that would be most likely to benefit from on-pump strategy.
Automated total kidney volume measurements in pre-clinical magnetic resonance imaging for resourcing imaging data, annotations, and source code
Authors: Marie E. Edwards, Sigapriya Periyanan, Deema Anaam, Adriana V. Gregory, Timothy L. Kline
Journal: Kidney International (2020)

The objective of this study was to validate a fully automated total kidney volume measurement method for pre-clinical rodent trials that is fast, accurate, reproducible, and to provide these resources to the research community. Rodent studies that involve imaging are crucial for monitoring treatment efficacy in diseases such as polycystic kidney disease. Previous studies utilize manual or semi-automated segmentations, which are time consuming and potentially biased. To develop our automated system, a total of 150 axial magnetic resonance images (MRI) from a variety of mouse models were manually segmented and used to train/validate an automated algorithm. To test the longitudinal application of the model, four mutant and four wild-type mice were imaged sequentially over three to twelve weeks via MRI. Segmentations of the kidneys (excluding the renal pelvis) were generated by the automated method and two different readers, with one reader repeating the measurements. Similarity metrics and longitudinal analysis were calculated to assess the performance of the automated compared to the manual methods. The automated approach required no user input, besides a final visual quality control step. Similarity metrics of the automated method versus the manual segmentations were on par with inter- and intra-reader comparisons. Thus, our fully automated approach described here can be safely used in longitudinal, pre-clinical trials that involve the segmentation of rodent kidneys in T2-weighted MRIs.
Clinical Routine Application of the Second-generation Neuroendocrine Markers ISL1, INSM1, and Secretagogin in Neuroendocrine Neoplasia: Staining Outcomes and Potential Clues for Determining Tumor Origin
Authors: Carl Christofer Juhlin, Jan Zedenius, Anders Höög
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2020)

Abstract Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) have traditionally been identified via expression of proteins associated to the regulation of secretory vesicles and granules. We report the clinical usage of the “second-generation” proteins ISL LIM homeobox 1 (ISL1), INSM transcriptional repressor 1 (INSM1), and secretagogin (SECG) as immunohistochemical markers of neuroendocrine differentiation since their introduction in clinical routine and compare the results with the established proteins chromogranin A (CGA) and synaptophysin (SYP). In total, 161 tumors, including 139 NENs and 22 “non-NENs” (unrelated tumors with an initial suspicion of NEN), were informatively stained for ISL1, and subsets were also interrogated for INSM1 and/or SECG. Diffuse or focal positive immunoreactivity was noted for ISL1 in 91/139 NENs (65%) and in 6/22 (27%) non-NENs, for INSM1 in 76/85 NENs (89%) and in 2/5 (40%) non-NENs, and for SECG in 49 out of 64 NENs (77%) and in 0/5 non-NENs (0%). Generally, ISL1, INSM1, and SECG exhibited sensitivities in line with or slightly below that of CGA and SYP—largely attributable to tissue-specific patterns regarding tumoral origin. Moreover, for pancreatic and small intestinal NENs, the two largest subgroups, ISL1 staining results were consistent irrespectively of tumor source and WHO grade. We verify previously suggested immunohistochemical schemes of neuroendocrine markers of first- and second-generations to facilitate the diagnostic process for NENs and confirm that the second-generation neuroendocrine markers display tissue-specific patterns. We therefore recommend their implementation in tertiary endocrine pathology centers, not least to aid in the identification of primary tumors when analyzing metastases.
Endocrine and Metabolic Insights from Pancreatic Surgery
Authors: Teresa Mezza, Chiara M.A. Cefalo, Francesca Cinti, Giuseppe Quero, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Sergio Alfieri, Jens J. Holst, Andrea Giaccari
Journal: Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (2020)

Pancreatic disease can modify endocrine and metabolic homeostasis; however, islet characteristics play a major role in the possible appearance of diabetes.Partial pancreatectomy is an 'accelerator' of declining β cell function rather than the actual cause of diabetes. That is, diabetes appearing after partial pancreatectomy could be better classified as 'accelerated' type 2 diabetes rather than as type 3c.Pancreaticoduodenectomy requires, for anatomical reasons, the removal of 'healthy' tissue from which accurate ex vivo specimens can be obtained.Pancreatic surgery provides a rare opportunity to correlate in vivo endocrine and metabolic pathways (before surgery) with ex vivo data from pancreatic samples.Pancreatic surgery is an excellent model for examining the metabolic and hormonal effects of acute islet removal. Although it is well established that diabetes can also develop as a result of diseases or maneuvers on the exocrine pancreas, the complex relationship between glucose disorders and underlying pancreatic disease is still debated. There is evidence that several features linked to pancreatic diseases can modify endocrine and metabolic conditions before and after surgery. However, pancreatic surgery provides a rare opportunity to correlate in vivo endocrine and metabolic pathways with ex vivo pancreatic samples, to examine the endocrine and metabolic effects of acute islet removal, and finally to clarify the pathogenesis of diabetes. This approach could therefore represent a unique method to shed light on the molecular mechanisms, predicting factors, and metabolic consequences of insulin resistance, islet plasticity, β cell failure, and type 2 diabetes. Although it is well established that diabetes can also develop as a result of diseases or maneuvers on the exocrine pancreas, the complex relationship between glucose disorders and underlying pancreatic disease is still debated. There is evidence that several features linked to pancreatic diseases can modify endocrine and metabolic conditions before and after surgery. However, pancreatic surgery provides a rare opportunity to correlate in vivo endocrine and metabolic pathways with ex vivo pancreatic samples, to examine the endocrine and metabolic effects of acute islet removal, and finally to clarify the pathogenesis of diabetes. This approach could therefore represent a unique method to shed light on the molecular mechanisms, predicting factors, and metabolic consequences of insulin resistance, islet plasticity, β cell failure, and type 2 diabetes.
Programing of an Intravascular Immune Firewall by the Gut Microbiota Protects against Pathogen Dissemination during Infection
Authors: Braedon McDonald, Amanda Z. Zucoloto, Ian-Ling Yu, Regula Burkhard, Kirsty Brown, Markus B. Geuking, Kathy D. McCoy
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2020)
Risk Prediction Model Versus United States Preventive Services Task Force Lung Cancer Screening Eligibility Criteria: Reducing Race Disparities
Authors: Mary M. Pasquinelli, Martin C. Tammemägi, Kevin L. Kovitz, Marianne L. Durham, Zanë Deliu, Kayleigh Rygalski, Li Liu, Matthew Koshy, Patricia Finn, Lawrence E. Feldman
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020)
Behavioral Counseling for Sexually Transmitted Infection Risk Reduction
Authors: Jeanne Marrazzo, Ina Park
Journal: JAMA (2020)

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Bariatric Surgery and Restoration of Insulin Sensitivity — It’s Weight Loss
Authors: Clifford J. Rosen, Julie R. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Adiposity-based chronic disease is probably the greatest noninfectious epidemic of the 21st century. In the United States alone, more than 1 in 3 adults are obese.1 More than 40 chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer, and atherosclerosis, are associated with obesity. Yet despite the widespread prevalence of obesity, effective and durable treatment is lacking, particularly since lifestyle modifications often fail and medications comprise a very small percentage of overall interventions. Bariatric surgery has become an established and effective treatment for obesity in patients with or without type 2 diabetes. The International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and . . .
A phase 1b/2 study of duvelisib in combination with FCR (DFCR) for frontline therapy for younger CLL patients
Authors: Matthew S. Davids, David C. Fisher, Svitlana Tyekucheva, Mikaela McDonough, John Hanna, Brandon Lee, Karen Francoeur, Josie Montegaard, Oreofe Odejide, Philippe Armand, Jon Arnason, Jennifer R. Brown
Journal: Leukemia (2020)

Abstract Fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) is highly effective initial therapy for younger patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); however, most eventually relapse. Duvelisib is a delta/gamma PI3K inhibitor approved for relapsed/refractory CLL. We conducted an investigator-initiated, phase 1b/2 study of duvelisib + FCR (DFCR) as initial treatment for CLL patients aged ≤65. A standard 3 + 3 design included two dose levels of duvelisib (25 mg qd and 25 mg bid). Duvelisib was given for 1 week, then with standard FCR added for up to six 28-day cycles, then up to 2 years of duvelisib maintenance. Thirty-two patients were enrolled. The phase 2 dose of duvelisib was identified as 25 mg bid. Hematologic toxicity was common, and all-grade non-hematologic toxicities included transaminitis (28%), febrile neutropenia (22%), pneumonia (19%), and colitis (6%). The best overall response rate by ITT was 88% (56% CR/CRi and 32% PR). The best rate of bone marrow undetectable minimal residual disease (BM-uMRD) by ITT was 66%. The rate of CR with BM-uMRD at end of combination treatment (primary endpoint) was 25%. Three-year PFS and OS are 73 and 93%, respectively. DFCR is active as initial therapy of younger CLL patients. Immune-mediated and infectious toxicities occurred and required active management.
A Three-Genes Signature of Anti-Apoptotic Genes Showed Different Mechanisms in Preventing Apoptosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells and Could Provide an Useful Model to Establish the Proper BH3-Mimetich Drug or Combination
Authors: Jacopo Nanni, Giorgia Simonetti, Giovanni Marconi, Maria Chiara Fontana, Samantha Bruno, Cristina Papayannidis, Antonella Padella, Mariachiara Abbenante, Silvia lo Monaco, Elena Tenti, Chiara Sartor, Sarah Parisi, Giovanni Martinelli
Journal: Blood (2017)
Abstract 13224: Cardiovascular Outcomes of Patients With Intraventricular Conduction Blocks: 16 Year Follow-Up in a Statewide Database
Authors: John S Pantazopoulos, Alice David, Nora M Cosgrove, John B Kostis
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objectives: In previous studies, apparently normal individuals with left axis deviation (LAD) associated with left bundle branch block (LBBB) or left anterior hemiblock (LAHB) had higher mortality ...
Association of Industry Sponsorship With Cancer Clinical Trial Accrual
Authors: Dario Pasalic, Chad Tang, Reshma Jagsi, C. David Fuller, Albert C. Koong, Ethan B. Ludmir
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Association of Industry Sponsorship With Cancer Clinical Trial AccrualPoor accrual is the leading cause of cancer clinical trial failure, most commonly affecting late-phase trials, but the factors associated with successful accrual remain poorly understood. [1]2][3] We therefore sought to evaluate oncologic phase 3 trials using a mandatory web-based registration database as a means of identifying and quantifying factors associated with accrual completion.
Bypassing the LDL Receptor in Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Sander Kersten
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Several drug options are available for patients with an elevated plasma cholesterol level who are at increased risk for a cardiovascular event. These drugs, which include selective cholesterol-absorption inhibitors and PCSK9 inhibitors as well as statins, effectively lower plasma cholesterol levels in most patients. Unfortunately, these therapeutic options are much less effective in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia, which is a genetic disorder characterized by extremely high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, premature vascular disease, and tendon xanthomas. Familial hypercholesterolemia is most often caused by a mutation in the LDL receptor, which is responsible for removing LDL from the blood.1 . . .