tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of the Environment and Its Interplay with Genetics in Lung Function throughout Life
Authors: Elaine Fuertes, Diana A. van der Plaat, Laura Portas, Cosetta Minelli
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

Pulmonary development in childhood is a key determinant for long-term respiratory health.Studies have identified lifestyle and environmental factors that affect this development, but each focused on a small number of risk factors.For the first time, Agier et al. (1) examined associations with a broad range of prenatal and postnatal lifestyle and environmental exposures with childhood respiratory health.Using spirometry, the study measured forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) at 6-12 years in 1,033 children from six European longitudinal birth cohorts participating in the European Human Early-Life Exposome (HELIX) cohort.The authors used two hypothesis-free linear regression methods: a deletion-substitution-addition algorithm which considers all exposures simultaneously, and an exposome-wide association analysis which considers exposures one at a time.The 85 prenatal and 125 postnatal exposures assessed covered outdoor, indoor, chemical and lifestyle exposures, and were modelled per interquartile range increase.For prenatal exposures, a lower predicted FEV1 was associated with two perfluoroalkyl substances (both -1.4% [95% confidence interval: -2.7;-0.1]).For postnatal exposures, lower FEV1 was associated with ethylparaben (-0.5% [-1.0;-0.1]),five phthalate metabolites (effect estimates from -0.9% to -1.3%), copper (-1.0%[-1.9;0.0]),density of facilities near schools as a marker of the built environment (-1.2% [-2.3;-0.1]),and house crowding (-1.1% [-1.9;-0.2]).Statistically, these associations were relatively weak as none remained after correcting for multiple testing.The most consistent
A lab-on-a-disc platform enables serial monitoring of individual CTCs associated with tumor progression during EGFR-targeted therapy for patients with NSCLC
Authors: Minji Lim, Juhee Park, Alarice C. Lowe, Hyoung-oh Jeong, Semin Lee, Hee Chul Park, Kyusang Lee, Gwang Ha Kim, Mi-Hyun Kim, Yoon-Kyoung Cho
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Rationale: Unlike traditional biopsy, liquid biopsy, which is a largely non-invasive diagnostic and monitoring tool, can be performed more frequently to better track tumors and mutations over time and to validate the efficiency of a cancer treatment. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are considered promising liquid biopsy biomarkers; however, their use in clinical settings is limited by high costs and a low throughput of standard platforms for CTC enumeration and analysis. In this study, we used a label-free, high-throughput method for CTC isolation directly from whole blood of patients using a standalone, clinical setting-friendly platform. Methods: A CTC-based liquid biopsy approach was used to examine the efficacy of therapy and emergent drug resistance via longitudinal monitoring of CTC counts, DNA mutations, and single-cell-level gene expression in a prospective cohort of 40 patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. Results: The change ratio of the CTC counts was associated with tumor response, detected by CT scan, while the baseline CTC counts did not show association with progression-free survival or overall survival. We achieved a 100% concordance rate for the detection of EGFR mutation, including emergence of T790M, between tumor tissue and CTCs. More importantly, our data revealed the importance of the analysis of the epithelial/mesenchymal signature of individual pretreatment CTCs to predict drug responsiveness in patients. Conclusion: The fluid-assisted separation technology disc platform enables serial monitoring of CTC counts, DNA mutations, as well as unbiased molecular characterization of individual CTCs associated with tumor progression during targeted therapy.
Limited utility of repeated vital sign monitoring during initiation of oral propranolol for complicated infantile hemangioma
Authors: Katherine B. Püttgen, Leanna M. Hansen, Christine Lauren, Nicole Stefanko, Erin Mathes, Gerilyn M. Olsen, Megha M. Tollefson, Denise Adams, Eulalia Baselga, Sarah Chamlin, Kristen Corey, Flora F. Frascari, Ilona J. Frieden, Eloise R. Galligan, Deepti Gupta, Anita Haggstrom, Kimberly Horii, Christoph P. Hornik, Justyna Klajn, Leonardo Liberman, Anthony Mancini, Diana Mannschreck, Anelah McGinness, Catherine McCuaig, Brandon Newell, Henry Nguyen, Amy Nopper, Tola Oyesanya, Julie Powell, Megan Reynolds, Monica Rios, Dawn H. Siegel, Kendra Ward, Maria C. Garzon, Peter Frommelt, Beth A. Drolet
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
For Healthy Development’s Sake, It Is Time to Mainstream Summertime
Authors: Martín-J. Sepúlveda, Rachel J. Thornton
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19
Authors: Xi He, Eric H. Y. Lau, Peng Wu, Xilong Deng, Jian Wang, Xinxin Hao, Yiu Chung Lau, Jessica Y. Wong, Yujuan Guan, Xinghua Tan, Xiaoneng Mo, Yanqing Chen, Baolin Liao, Weilie Chen, Fengyu Hu, Qing Zhang, Mingqiu Zhong, Yanrong Wu, Lingzhai Zhao, Fuchun Zhang, Benjamin J. Cowling, Fang Li, Gabriel M. Leung
Journal: Nature Medicine (2020)
The use of olanzapine versus metoclopramide for the treatment of breakthrough chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy.
Authors: Rudolph M. Navari, Cindy K Nagy, Sarah E Gray
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

9064 Background: Olanzapine (OLN) has been shown to be a safe and effective agent for the prevention of CINV. OLN may also be an effective rescue medication for patients who develop breakthrough CINV despite having received guideline directed CINV prophylaxis. Methods: A double blind, randomized phase III trial was performed for the treatment of breakthrough CINV in chemotherapy naïve patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) (cisplatin, &gt;70 mg/m 2 , or doxorubicin, &gt;50 mg/m 2 and cyclophosphamide, &gt; 600mg/m 2 ) comparing OLN to Metoclopramide (METO). Patients who developed breakthrough emesis or nausea despite prophylactic dexamethasone (12 mg IV), palonosetron (0.25 mg IV), and fosaprepitant (150 mg IV) pre chemotherapy and dexamethasone (8 mg p.o. daily, days 2-4) post chemotherapy were randomized to receive OLN, 10 mg orally daily for three days or METO, 10 mg orally TID for three days. Patients were monitored for emesis and nausea for the 72 hours after taking OLN or METO. Eighty patients (median age 56 yrs, range 38-79; 43 females; ECOG PS 0,1) consented to the protocol and all were evaluable. Results: During the 72 hour observation period, 30 of 42 (71%) patients receiving OLN had no emesis compared to 12 of 38 (32%) patients with no emesis for patients receiving METO (p&lt;0.01). Patients without nausea (0, scale 0-10, M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory) during the 72 hour observation period was: OLN: 67% (28 of 42); METO 24% (9 of 38) (p&lt;0.01). There were no Grade 3 or 4 toxicities. Conclusions: OLN was significantly better than METO in the control of breakthrough emesis and nausea in patients receiving HEC.
The UK Coronavirus Cancer Monitoring Project: protecting patients with cancer in the era of COVID-19
Authors: Iris Anil, Roland Arnold, Sam Benkwitz-Beford, Simon Branford, Naomi Campton, Jean-Baptiste Cazier, Vinton Cheng, Helen Curley, Jamie D'Costa, Andrew Edmondson, Anshita Goel, Simon Hartley, Daniel J Hughes, Rachel Kerr, Alvin Lee, Lennard YW Lee, Naomi Longworth, Christopher Middleton, Gary Middleton, Piangfan Naksukpaiboon, Anna Olsson-Brown, Claire Palles, Karin Purshouse, Carol Sandys, Archana Sharma-Oates, Shivan Sivakumar, Ashley Smith, Thomas Starkey, Simon Thompson, Csilla Varnai
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2020)

The UK Coronavirus Cancer Monitoring Project (UKCCMP) aims to collect, analyse, and disseminate in real time data from the UK cancer centres about severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection rates in patients with cancer, and their outcomes in terms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This approach will enable oncologists to gain crucial insights to inform decision making.
Ensuring Access to Medications in the US During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: G. Caleb Alexander, Dima M. Qato
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Muthiah Vaduganathan, MD, MPH; Jeroen van Meijgaard, PhD; Mandeep R. Mehra, MD, MSc; Jacob Joseph, MD; Christopher J. O'Donnell, MD, MPH; Haider J. Warraich, MD
The Unfolded Protein Response Mediator PERK Governs Myeloid Cell-Driven Immunosuppression in Tumors through Inhibition of STING Signaling
Authors: Eslam Mohamed, Rosa A. Sierra, Jimena Trillo-Tinoco, Yu Cao, Patrick Innamarato, Kyle K. Payne, Alvaro de Mingo Pulido, Jessica Mandula, Shuzhong Zhang, Paul Thevenot, Subir Biswas, Sarah K. Abdalla, Tara Lee Costich, Kay Hänggi, Carmen M. Anadon, Elsa R. Flores, Eric B. Haura, Shikhar Mehrotra, Shari Pilon-Thomas, Brian Ruffell, David H. Munn, Juan R. Cubillos-Ruiz, Jose R. Conejo-Garcia, Paulo C. Rodriguez
Journal: Immunity (2020)
Novel AAV44.9-Based Vectors Display Exceptional Characteristics for Retinal Gene Therapy
Authors: Sanford L. Boye, Shreyasi Choudhury, Sean Crosson, Giovanni Di Pasquale, Sandra Afione, Russell Mellen, Victoria Makal, Kaitlyn R. Calabro, Diego Fajardo, James Peterson, Hangning Zhang, Matthew T. Leahy, Colin K. Jennings, John A. Chiorini, Ryan F. Boyd, Shannon E. Boye
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2020)

The majority of inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are caused by mutations in genes expressed in photoreceptors (PRs). The ideal vector to address these conditions is one that transduces PRs in large areas of retina with the smallest volume/lowest titer possible, and efficiently transduces foveal cones, the cells responsible for acute, daylight vision that are often the only remaining area of functional retina in IRDs. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the retinal tropism and potency of a novel capsid, AAV44.9, and rationally designed derivatives thereof. We found that AAV44.9 and AAV44.9(E531D) transduced retinas of subretinally injected (SRI) mice with higher efficiency than did benchmark AAV5- and AAV8-based vectors. In macaques, highly efficient cone and rod transduction was observed following submacular and peripheral SRI. AAV44.9- and AAV44.9(E531D)-mediated GFP fluorescence extended laterally well beyond SRI bleb margins. Notably, extrafoveal injection (i.e., fovea not detached during surgery) led to transduction of up to 98% of foveal cones. AAV44.9(E531D) efficiently transduced parafoveal and perifoveal cones, whereas AAV44.9 did not. AAV44.9(E531D) was also capable of restoring retinal function to a mouse model of IRD. These novel capsids will be useful for addressing IRDs that would benefit from an expansive treatment area.
Rosemary Jane Chambers
Authors: Barbara Bonner-Morgan
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Rosemary Jane Chambers (“Jane”) was born in England, but at the age of 4 she was evacuated with her mother and one sister to New Zealand to avoid the second world war. After returning to England to complete her schooling, Jane, a bright diligent child, chose to study medicine at St Bartholomew’s Hospital, where girls had only just been admitted to study medicine. There were just six girls in her year of almost 100 students. She played hockey for the Barts team. After qualifying …
Invited Commentary on “Comparison of preliminary clinical outcomes between percutaneous endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for lumbar degenerative diseases in a tertiary hospital: Is percutaneous endoscopic procedure superior to MIS-TLIF? A prospective cohort study”
Authors: Obada Hasan, Akbar Jaleel Zubairi
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2020)
A new definition for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: An international expert consensus statement
Authors: Mohammed Eslam, Philip N. Newsome, Shiv K. Sarin, Quentin M. Anstee, Giovanni Targher, Manuel Romero-Gomez, Shira Zelber-Sagi, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Jean-François Dufour, Jörn M. Schattenberg, Takumi Kawaguchi, Marco Arrese, Luca Valenti, Gamal Shiha, Claudio Tiribelli, Hannele Yki-Järvinen, Jian-Gao Fan, Henning Grønbæk, Yusuf Yilmaz, Helena Cortez-Pinto, Claudia P. Oliveira, Pierre Bedossa, Leon A. Adams, Ming-Hua Zheng, Yasser Fouad, Wah-Kheong Chan, Nahum Mendez-Sanchez, Sang Hoon Ahn, Laurent Castera, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Vlad Ratziu, Jacob George
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Selective killing of oncogenic transformed cells through ROS-mediated mechanism by β-phenylethyl isothiocyanates
Authors: Dunyaporn Trachootham, Yan Zhou, Helene Pelicano, Paul Chiao, Jin-Song Liu, Peng Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

1368  Therapeutic selectivity is important for anticancer drug development. Understanding the biological differences between normal and cancer cells is essential in designing strategies to preferentially kill cancer cells. Compared to normal cells, most cancer cells exhibit high metabolic activity, generate increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and are under oxidative stress. Elevated ROS renders the cancer cells more vulnerable to further ROS stress by exogenous ROS-generating agents. Here, we report that immortalization of ovarian epithelial cells with SV40 and hTERT followed by transformation with H-RasV12 oncogene rendered the cells tumorigenic, and exhibited significantly higher ROS generation compared to the non-tumorigenic parental cells. The malignant cells were highly vulnerable to further oxidative stress by β-phenylethyl isothiocyanates (PEITC), a dietary metabolic product of cruciferous vegetables. Treatment with 10 μM PEITC for 5 h preferentially induced ROS generation in (15-19 fold increase) and induced massive cell death (60-80%) within a relatively short period (5-24 h). In contrast, the parental non-tumorigenic cells without ras-transformation exhibited low basal ROS generation and better tolerated PEITC-induced ROS stress, as evidenced by only a modest ROS increase and less cell death (10-20%, 10 μM, 5-24 h). The in vitro therapeutic selectivity of PEITC against ovarian cancer cells was superior to cisplatin. Further studies revealed that PEITC caused a more severe depletion of glutathione in the malignant cells (93%, 5 μM, 3h) compared to the non-tumorigenic cells (52%), which appeared to be a biochemical mechanism for preferential increase of ROS in the malignant cells. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that PEITC induced cell death by causing a striking ROS-mediated oxidative damage to the mitochondrial membranes, and disrupting the redox-sensitive survival pathways such as NF-KB and Ras in the cancer cells. The action of PEITC was reversed by antioxidant N-acetylcysteine and ROS scavenger enzyme catalase. The promising therapeutic activity of PEITC was further demonstrated in animal models bearing the ras-transformed ovarian cancer cells, with an 84% increase in median animal survival time (25 vs 48 days, p
Abstract 16662: Microvesicle Release During Exercise-Induced Cardiovascular Stress in Young Adult Hypertension
Authors: Lisa Ayers, Adam J Lewandowski, Odaro J Huckstep, Wilby Williamson, Berne Ferry, Paul Leeson
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Microvesicles are elevated in the circulation during cardiac stress; a response that is blunted in those with cardiovascular disease. Microvesicles play both activating and regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of hypertension, and their release is believed to be a protective mechanism during cardiac stress. Hypothesis: We hypothesised that microvesicle release during exercise-induced cardiac stress differs in young adults with and without hypertension. Methods: Microvesicle release was measured in 106 participants (79 normotensive, 27 hypertensive). Blood samples were obtained during maximal exercise testing at three time-points: before, immediately post and following 20 minutes recovery. The level of microvesicle procoagulant activity was determined in all participants. Microvesicles were phenotyped by flow cytometry in a subset of participants. Results: Exercise was associated with a significant elevation in the total procoagulant activity of microvesicles (p&lt;0.001) and this increase was significantly higher in the normotensive group than the hypertensives (median(IQR) +0.7(0.0-2.1) vs -0.1(-0.4-0.4), p=0.001). Circulating procoagulant, platelet, endothelial, leucocyte, granulocyte and monocyte-derived microvesicles were shown to be elevated during exercise (p&lt;0.05). The elevation in endothelial and leucocyte microvesicle levels returned to baseline within 20 minutes recovery. The significant elevation in procoagulant, platelet, granulocyte and monocyte-derived microvesicles was only seen in the normotensive participants, not in those with hypertension. Furthermore, amongst the normotensive participants, those with a blunted release of platelet microvesicles had higher peak diastolic blood pressures (86.8±8.4 vs 73.5±14.5, p=0.028) during exercise and increased global arterial stiffness measured at rest by the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI: 6.1±0.6 vs 5.4±0.5, p=0.022). Conclusions: In young adult hypertension there is a blunted release of microvesicles during exercise-induced cardiac stress. Normotensive young adults with a blunted platelet microvesicle release demonstrate early markers of future hypertension risk with greater peripheral resistance and arterial stiffness.
Proposal for Updated Nomenclature and Classification of Potential Causative Mechanism in Patent Foramen Ovale–Associated Stroke
Authors: Akram Y. Elgendy, Jeffrey L. Saver, Zahid Amin, Konstantinos Dean Boudoulas, John D. Carroll, Islam Y. Elgendy, Iris Q. Grunwald, Zachary M. Gertz, Ziyad M. Hijazi, Eric M. Horlick, Scott E. Kasner, David M. Kent, Preetham Kumar, Clifford J. Kavinsky, David S. Liebeskind, Helmi Lutsep, Mohammad K. Mojadidi, Steven R. Messé, Jean-Louis Mas, Heinrich P. Mattle, Bernhard Meier, Ahmad Mahmoud, Ahmed N. Mahmoud, Fabian Nietlispach, Nimesh K. Patel, John F. Rhodes, Mark Reisman, Robert J. Sommer, Horst Sievert, Lars Søndergaard, Muhammad O. Zaman, David Thaler, Jonathan M. Tobis
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Recent epidemiologic and therapeutic advances have transformed understanding of the role of and therapeutic approach to patent foramen ovale (PFO) in ischemic stroke. Patent foramen ovale is likely responsible for approximately 5% of all ischemic strokes and 10% of those occurring in young and middle-aged adults. <h3>Observations</h3> Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that, to prevent recurrent ischemic stroke in patients with PFO and an otherwise-cryptogenic index ischemic stroke, PFO closure is superior to antiplatelet medical therapy alone; these trials have provided some evidence that, among medical therapy options, anticoagulants may be more effective than antiplatelet agents. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> These new data indicate a need to update classification schemes of causative mechanisms in stroke, developed in an era in which an association between PFO and stroke was viewed as uncertain. We propose a revised general nomenclature and classification framework for PFO-associated stroke and detailed revisions for the 3 major stroke subtyping algorithms in wide use.
Dermoscopy features of melanomas with a diameter up to 5 mm (micromelanomas): A retrospective study
Authors: Aphrodite Megaris, Aimilios Lallas, Leonardo Peruilh Bagolini, George Balais, Ruben González Cuevas, Konstantinos Lallas, Theodosia Gkentsidi, Sofia-Magdalini Manoli, Chryssoula Papageorgiou, Ioannis Spyridis, Zoe Apalla
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Burkitt Lymphoma Genome Sequencing Project (BLGSP): Integrative Genomic and Transcriptomic Characterization of Burkitt Lymphoma
Authors: Bruno M. Grande, Daniela S. Gerhard, Nicholas B. Griner, Corey Casper, Constance Namirembe, Abraham Omoding, Jackson Orem, Sam M. Mbulaiteye, Charles G. Mullighan, John T. Sandlund, Thomas Alexander, John Kim Choi, Jeremy S. Abramson, Thomas G. Gross, Ariela Noy, Jeffrey Bethony, Timothy C. Greiner, Elaine S. Jaffe, Nancy Lee Harris, Julie M. Gastier-Foster, Jay Bowen, Hilary Allen, Roland Schmitz, Wyndham H. Wilson, Jean Paul Martin, Marie-Reine Martin, John D. Irvin, Maureen Dyer, Patee Gesuwan, Yiwen He, Tanja M. Davidsen, Karen Novik, Andrew J. Mungall, Yussanne Ma, Marco A. Marra, Ryan D. Morin, Louis M. Staudt
Journal: Blood (2017)