tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB1286 Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis, undifferentiated (U) spondyloarthritis (SPA) in india: results from who ilar copcord india program stage i survey 2000–2010
Authors: A. Chopra, R. Ghorpade, M. Saluja, A. Venugopalan, S. Sarmukaddam, T. Kainifard, K.M. Mahendranath
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Using a low cost low infrastructure model, the WHO ILAR COPCORD (Community Oriented Program for Control of Rheumatic Diseases) surveys have covered several population in Asia and Latin America. The reported prevalence of AS based on large sample surveys was 0.2–0.3 in China and 0.12 in Iran. We used the Bhigwan COPCORD model to complete comprehensive surveys at several urban and rural site in India. <h3>Objectives</h3> To describe the prevalence of SpA in India with a focus on AS <h3>Results</h3> 51 741 population (66% rural) in 11 sites all over India was screened using a suitable COPCORD core questionnaire and protocol. Stage I survey was carried out in 3 concurrent overlap phases. House to house visit identified respondents with current/past musculoskeletal pain (last 7 days). Paramedics interviewed respondents to map MSK pain and record patient centric outcome including an Indian version HAQ (Phase 2). Clinical evaluation was carried out by rheumatologists with minimal investigations (Phase 3). The diagnosis was clinical. Survey sites and samples were chosen by convenience. Data was centrally processed and analysed using standard software; significant p&lt;0.05. Data standardised (age-gender) as per; India census 2002 adjusted prevalence reported. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The burden of SpA in India (1.2 billion population) is enormous. Compared to global statistics, the prevalence of clinical AS and psoriatic arthritis in the Indian population appears low. <h3>References</h3> [1] www.copcord.org [2] Chopra &amp; Nasser. (MSK Burden in Developing World). Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol2008;22(4):583–604 [3] Joshi &amp; Chopra (Bhigwan COPCORD model) J Rheumatol2009;36:614–22. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> The Bone and Joint Decade India, collegue rheumatologists from academia and practise, support staff at COPCORD centres and community <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
The Efficacy of a Lateral Wedge Insole for Painful Medial Knee Osteoarthritis After Prescreening: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: David T. Felson, Matthew Parkes, Suzanne Carter, Anmin Liu, Michael J. Callaghan, Richard Hodgson, Michael Bowes, Richard K. Jones
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2019)

Lateral wedge shoe insoles decrease medial knee loading, but trials have shown no effect on pain in medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, loading effects of insoles are inconsistent, and they can increase patellofemoral loading. We undertook this study to investigate the hypothesis that insoles would reduce pain in preselected patients.Among patients with painful medial knee OA, we excluded those with patellofemoral OA and those with a pain rating of <4 of a possible 10. We further excluded participants who, in a gait analysis using lateral wedges, did not show at least a 2% reduction in knee adduction moment (KAM), compared to wearing their shoes and a neutral insole. We then randomized subjects to lateral wedge versus neutral insole for 8-week periods, separated by an 8-week washout. The primary outcome measure was knee pain (0-10 scale) during the past week, and secondary outcome measures included activity pain and pain rated in the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score questionnaire. We carried out mixed model analyses adjusted for baseline pain.Of 83 participants, 21 (25.3%) were excluded from analysis because of insufficient reduction in KAM. In the 62 patients included in analysis, the mean ± SD age was 64.2 ± 9.1 years, and 37.1% were women. Lateral wedge insoles produced a greater reduction in knee pain than neutral insoles (mean difference of 0.7 on 0-10 scale [95% confidence interval 0.1, 1.2]) (P = 0.02). Findings for secondary outcome measures were mixed.In participants prescreened to eliminate those with patellofemoral OA and biomechanical nonresponders, lateral wedge insoles reduced knee pain, but the effect of treatment was small and is likely of clinical significance in only a minority of patients. Targeting patients may identify those who respond to this treatment.
Surgeon who made repeated sexual comments about staff is suspended for nine months
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2019)

A consultant colorectal surgeon accused of bringing “disruption and demoralisation” to a Scarborough Hospital unit by repeatedly using profanity and sexual innuendo has been allowed to stay on the UK medical register.

Serban Gheorghiu has instead been suspended from the register for nine months, after a medical practitioners tribunal said that its “finely balanced decision” between erasure and suspension had been swayed by a last minute positive testimonial from his subsequent employer.

Gheorghiu, who moved to the UK in 1992 after qualifying in Romania, did not attend the Manchester hearing. The tribunal considered letters he had previously sent to the General Medical Council laying out his view of the case.

Against him were arrayed five nurses from the endoscopy unit he worked in, all of whom provided in-person testimony that the tribunal described …
Synergistic interactions between adenovirus and chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer cell lines: Effects of chemotherapy on expression of coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR) and infectability by adenovirus
Authors: Madhumita Bhattacharyya, Gunnel Hallden, Jennelle Francis, Nick R. Lemoine
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

2980  Introduction: Oncolytic replication-selective adenoviruses and adenoviral vectors have potential therapeutic use in pancreatic cancer. Understanding the mechanisms behind the interaction between adenovirus and chemotherapy may enable more efficacious combination regimens to be delivered. Methods: The human pancreatic cancer cell lines MiaPaCa2, Suit2 and Hs766t, and the murine cell line Panc02, were screened for sensitivity to adenovirus (Ad5) and the E1A-CR2 deletion mutant dl 922/947 in combination with the cytotoxic drugs 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and gemcitabine; dl312 (E1-deleted) was used as a control. Cell death was measured using cell death assay and isobolograms used to evaluate synergy. CAR expression, using a monoclonal antibody to human CAR, and infectability by Ad-GFP were assessed by FACS analysis. Results: Supra-additive effects on cell death of combination treatment with Ad5 or dl922/947 and either gemcitabine or 5-FU were seen in all 4 cell lines tested.Gemcitabine increased sensitivity of the cells to Ad5 by 3600-fold in MiaPaCa2, 1200-fold in Suit 2, 11,500-fold in Hs766t and 3000-fold in Panc02. Ad5 increased sensitivity to 5-FU with increases of 5000-fold in MiaPaca2, 99000-fold in Suit2, 6900-fold in Hs766t, and 240-fold in Panc02. Synergistic effects were also seen with dl922/947. Viral replication was supported in all the cell lines; administration of chemotherapy did not increase viral replication. All cell lines were infectable by Ad-GFP in a dose-dependent manner. The least infectable human cell line was Hs766t (16% cells infected) and the most infectable was MiaPaCa2 (48% cells infected). An increase in infectability with adenovirus was seen after chemotherapy in all the cell lines tested. Increases in infectability of up to 4-fold in Hs766t, 2-fold in MiaPaCa2, 10-fold in Panc02 and 5-fold in Suit2 cells were seen with both agents. Baseline CAR expression was similar in Suit2 and MiaPaCa2 cells after 24 hours in culture with Hs766t reaching the same levels after 72 hours in culture. Using the same conditions as described for infectivity, an increase in the level of CAR expression was seen in MiaPaCa2 cells and Hs766t cells following the administration of gemcitabine and 5-FU, but not in Suit2 cells. Conclusions: Synergy between adenovirus and chemotherapy is observed in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Chemotherapy increases infectability by adenovirus, although modulation of CAR expression is not the only mechanism for this. An increase in viral replication is not seen with chemotherapy. Other cellular changes, including cell cycle analysis, are currently being explored.
Bifactor and Hierarchical Models: Specification, Inference, and Interpretation
Authors: Kristian E. Markon
Journal: Annual Review of Clinical Psychology (2019)

Bifactor and other hierarchical models have become central to representing and explaining observations in psychopathology, health, and other areas of clinical science, as well as in the behavioral sciences more broadly. This prominence comes after a relatively rapid period of rediscovery, however, and certain features remain poorly understood. Here, hierarchical models are compared and contrasted with other models of superordinate structure, with a focus on implications for model comparisons and interpretation. Issues pertaining to the specification and estimation of bifactor and other hierarchical models are reviewed in exploratory as well as confirmatory modeling scenarios, as are emerging findings about model fit and selection. Bifactor and other hierarchical models provide a powerful mechanism for parsing shared and unique components of variance, but care is required in specifying and making inferences about them.
Olanzapine Versus Placebo in Adult Outpatients With Anorexia Nervosa: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Evelyn Attia, Joanna E. Steinglass, B. Timothy Walsh, Yuanjia Wang, Peng Wu, Colleen Schreyer, Jennifer Wildes, Zeynep Yilmaz, Angela S. Guarda, Allan S. Kaplan, Marsha D. Marcus
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2019)

This study evaluated the benefits of olanzapine compared with placebo for adult outpatients with anorexia nervosa.This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of adult outpatients with anorexia nervosa (N=152, 96% of whom were women; the sample's mean body mass index [BMI] was 16.7) was conducted at five sites in North America. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive olanzapine or placebo and were seen weekly for 16 weeks. The primary outcome measures were rate of change in body weight and rate of change in obsessionality, assessed with the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS).Seventy-five participants were assigned to receive olanzapine and 77 to receive placebo. A statistically significant treatment-by-time interaction was observed, indicating that the increase in BMI over time was greater in the olanzapine group (0.259 [SD=0.051] compared with 0.095 [SD=0.053] per month). There was no significant difference between treatment groups in change in the YBOCS obsessions subscale score over time (-0.325 compared with -0.017 points per month) and there were no significant differences between groups in the frequency of abnormalities on blood tests assessing potential metabolic disturbances.This study documented a modest therapeutic effect of olanzapine compared with placebo on weight in adult outpatients with anorexia nervosa, but no significant benefit for psychological symptoms. Nevertheless, the finding on weight is notable, as achieving change in weight is notoriously challenging in this disorder.
THU0254 Relation between subclinical ultrasonographic changes of the anterior chest wall joints and pulmonary function tests in ankylosing spondylitispatients
Authors: F.I. Abdelrahman, M. Mortada, W. Mansour, A.B. Abdulsattar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Ultrasonography can detect subclinical changes in anterior chest wall (ACW) joints of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).<sup>1</sup> Pulmonary functions may be affected during the course of AS.<sup>2</sup> Up to the best of our knowledge, there are no previous studies of the relationship between ultrasound detected subclinical changes in ACW and the pulmonary functions in AS patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> To detect the relation between ultrasonographic changes of asymptomatic ACW joints and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in patients with AS. <h3>Methods</h3> The study included 88 sternoclavicular joints (SCJ) and 44 manibrusternal joints (MSJ) in 44 subjects (22 AS and 22 control). None of the participants had a history of respiratory complaints such as dyspnea, chronic cough, or chest pain. High resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) was done on the chest to exclude interstitial lung problem that may affect chest expansion and PFTs. Ultrasound (US) assessments were performed to detect synovitis, erosions, ankylosis, osteophytes, or Doppler signals. Chest expansion was measured. PFTs was done and included measurement of the forced expiratory volume in1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the ratio offorced expiratory volume in 1 s to the forced vital capacity(FEV1/FVC). In AS group, Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) were recorded. <h3>Results</h3> US detected subclinical changes of ACW joints in (77.3%) of AS patient with significant difference between total US changes in AS(77.3%) and control (21.2%) (p&lt;0.001). MSJ ankylosing was highly associated with limited chest expansion in AS group(p&lt;0.001). PFTs were found to be restrictive in 14 AS patient (63.6%) with mean of FVC (70.3<i>±9)</i>%<i>, FEV1 (55.2±15.9)%, FEV1/FVC (80.1±2)</i> and these restrictive PFTs were associated with SCJ synovitis (p=0.03), SCJ PD activity (p=0.03), SCJ erosions (0.05) and highly associated with MSJ ankylosing (p&lt;0.001). All AS patients (100%) with ankylosed MSJ by US had limited chest expansion and restrictive PFTs. In AS group, ultrasonographic changes and restrictive PFTs were found to be higher with older age, male sex, smoking, longer disease duration and high BASDAI and BASFI. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our study demonstrated that ultrasound detected subclinical changes in ACW joints is associated with restrictive pattern of PFTs in AS patients. <h3>References</h3> [1] Abdelrahman F, Mortada M, Abdul_Sattar A, et al. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases2017;76:733. [2] Gunnhild Berdal, Silje Halvorsen, Désirée van der Heijde, Morten Mowe, et al. Arthritis Res Ther2012;14(1):R19. doi:10.1186/ar3699 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Absence of Plasma Gastric Biomarker Elevations with Chronic Dosing of Avatrombopag, a Novel Oral Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonist, in Patients with Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenia in Phase 3 Trials
Authors: James B. Bussel, Lee F. Allen, Wei Tian, David J. Kuter
Journal: Blood (2018)
Blockade of a Laminin-411–Notch Axis with CRISPR/Cas9 or a Nanobioconjugate Inhibits Glioblastoma Growth through Tumor-Microenvironment Cross-talk
Authors: Tao Sun, Rameshwar Patil, Anna Galstyan, Dmytro Klymyshyn, Hui Ding, Alexandra Chesnokova, Webster K. Cavenee, Frank B. Furnari, Vladimir A. Ljubimov, Ekaterina S. Shatalova, Shawn Wagner, Debiao Li, Adam N. Mamelak, Serguei I. Bannykh, Chirag G. Patil, Jeremy D. Rudnick, Jethro Hu, Zachary B. Grodzinski, Arthur Rekechenetskiy, Vida Falahatian, Alexander V. Lyubimov, Yongmei L. Chen, Lai S. Leoh, Tracy R. Daniels-Wells, Manuel L. Penichet, Eggehard Holler, Alexander V. Ljubimov, Keith L. Black, Julia Y. Ljubimova
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

There is an unmet need for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The extracellular matrix, including laminins, in the tumor microenvironment is important for tumor invasion and progression. In a panel of 226 patient brain glioma samples, we found a clinical correlation between the expression of tumor vascular laminin-411 (α4β1γ1) with higher tumor grade and with expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers, including Notch pathway members, CD133, Nestin, and c-Myc. Laminin-411 overexpression also correlated with higher recurrence rate and shorter survival of GBM patients. We also showed that depletion of laminin-411 α4 and β1 chains with CRISPR/Cas9 in human GBM cells led to reduced growth of resultant intracranial tumors in mice and significantly increased survival of host animals compared with mice with untreated cells. Inhibition of laminin-411 suppressed Notch pathway in normal and malignant human brain cell types. A nanobioconjugate potentially suitable for clinical use and capable of crossing blood-brain barrier was designed to block laminin-411 expression. Nanobioconjugate treatment of mice carrying intracranial GBM significantly increased animal survival and inhibited multiple CSC markers, including the Notch axis. This study describes an efficient strategy for GBM treatment via targeting a critical component of the tumor microenvironment largely independent of heterogeneous genetic mutations in glioblastoma.Significance: Laminin-411 expression in the glioma microenvironment correlates with Notch and other cancer stem cell markers and can be targeted by a novel, clinically translatable nanobioconjugate to inhibit glioma growth.
SAT0564 Effects of education and income on prevalence, incidence, and progression of radiographic knee osteoarthritis: an analysis of the osteoarthritis initiative data
Authors: I. Shirinsky, V. Shirinsky
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Low socioeconomic status (SES) is one of the strongest predictors of morbidity and mortality from many chronic diseases including cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and diabetes.<sup>1</sup> There is insufficient data regarding impact of SES on knee osteoarthritis (OA). <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the associations between education, income levels and prevalence, incidence, and progression of radiographic knee OA <h3>Methods</h3> For the current analysis we used data from the publically available Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) database. The education status of the participants was dichotomized into either low/moderate or high educational attainment. The income status was dichotomized using 50 K US threshold. A baseline sample was used to analyse the impact of SES on knee OA prevalence (prevalence sample). To evaluate the effects of SES on knee OA incidence and progression we analysed the samples of OAI participants with KL &lt;2 at baseline (incidence sample) and OAI participants with JSN &lt;3 at baseline (progression sample), respectively. We used logistic regression models to assess the association between SES and prevalence and incidence of radiographic knee OA (defined as KL2 and JSN or joint replacement), and disease progression (defined as increase in semiquantitative JSN or a new knee replacement). Generalised estimating equations (GEE) were used to adjust for the correlation between knees. The models were adjusted for multiple covariates including age, race, and body mass index. <h3>Results</h3> Prevalence, incidence, and progression samples consisted of 4371 participants (8741 knees), 2268 participants (4535 knees), and 3950 participants (4013 knees), respectively. Higher education attainment and higher income were associated with decreased prevalence of the knee OA in the crude analyses. After adjustment for confounders these associations became insignificant (Table). There was no effect of SES on incidence and progression of the knee OA. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Higher levels of education and income are linked with decreased prevalence of radiographic knee OA. Lack of this association after adjustment suggests confounding or mediating effects of other risk factors. Future studies are needed to delineate the precise mechanisms of how SES impact knee OA. <h3>Reference</h3> [1] Braveman P, Gottlieb L. The social determinants of health: it's time to consider the causes of the causes. Public Health Rep2014Jan-Feb;129(Suppl 2):19–31. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
FRI0704-HPR Sesame quiz: a playful online questionnaire to assess patients’ knowledge about sjogren’s syndrome
Authors: C. Ménage-Anjuère, R. Belkhir, E. Bergé, A. Decottignies, A. Rieutord, X. Mariette, R. Seror
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background:</h3> We needed to assess the impact of our patient education program on Sjogren's syndrome (SESAME) in order to continuously improve it. <h3>Objectives:</h3> A playful online questionnaire was designed and implemented to assess patients' knowledge about Sjogren's syndrome. <h3>Methods:</h3> A interprofessional team (3 rheumatologists, 3 pharmacists) and a 4-patient group who participated in the education program together proceeded to the questionnaire design: 1) definition of a competency framework for patients with Sjogren's syndrome; 2) from literature review, identification of quality requirements for a questionnaire (scientific quality, opportunity to interact, means of expression, logical chaining of questions, simplicity, utility, shortness, bias prevention, playfulness, variety, online diffusion). To fulfill these criteria, we used a clear vocabulary and concise questions, included open-ended questions on patient experience, focused on the artwork, randomized the order of answer choices, and shared the questionnaire online. Once the SESAME quiz was established, a scoring system was defined by the expert group. Face validity, feasibility and reproducibility were assessed to validate the questionnaire. 25 patients were contacted to complete the questionnaire twice. Patients also evaluated the content, structure and feasibility using 12 items (understandable language, unambiguous sentences, length of the questionnaire, difficulty, web access). Reproducibility was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) on patient answers separated by 48 hours. <h3>Results:</h3> The questionnaire includes 28 questions divided into 4 parts: Sjogren's signs, Sjogren's causes, treatment, daily life with the disease. The 25 patients filled in the questionnaire twice (96% women, 54 years min-max[23;74], 4 years since the diagnosis min-max[1;20]). The questionnaire was filled in from a computer (n=38), a tablet (n=3) or a smartphone (n=9). The average response time was 19 minutes. The median score was 34 points min-max[22;46] out of 50. 18 patients evaluated the questionnaire. 15 patients or more regarded its content, organization and feasibility as "very good". 5 patients found it difficult. The reproducibility was very high (total ICC=0.87 IC95% [0.74–0.94], ICC on each part between 0.61 et 0.87). <h3>Conclusions:</h3> The SESAME quiz is now freely available (https://etp-rhumato.typeform.com/to/qsVhR1) and all the Hospital centers caring for Sjogren patients can use it for their follow up. <h3>Disclosure of Interest:</h3> None declared
Mother is granted new inquest over daughter’s death from asthma
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2019)

A mother has been given permission to apply to the High Court for a fresh inquest into the death of her 9 year old daughter from asthma, after fresh evidence emerged linking it to pollution spikes above legal limits near her south London home.

Ella Kissi-Debrah, who lived by the congested South Circular Road in Lewisham, died in February 2013 after three years of seizures and 27 visits to hospital for asthma attacks. An inquest in September 2014 concluded that the cause of death was acute respiratory failure caused by a severe bronchial spasm.

But last …