tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Injuries Associated With Standing Electric Scooter Use
Authors: Tarak K. Trivedi, Charles Liu, Anna Liza M. Antonio, Natasha Wheaton, Vanessa Kreger, Anna Yap, David Schriger, Joann G. Elmore
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> Since September 2017, standing electric scooters have proliferated rapidly as an inexpensive, easy mode of transportation. Although there are regulations for safe riding established by both electric scooter companies and local governments, public common use practices and the incidence and types of injuries associated with these standing electric scooters are unknown. <h3>Objective</h3> To characterize injuries associated with standing electric scooter use, the clinical outcomes of injured patients, and common use practices in the first US metropolitan area to experience adoption of this technology. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This study of a case series used retrospective cohort medical record review of all patients presenting with injuries associated with standing electric scooter use between September 1, 2017, and August 31, 2018, at 2 urban emergency departments associated with an academic medical center in Southern California. All electric scooter riders at selected public intersections in the community surrounding the 2 hospitals were also observed during a 7-hour observation period in September 2018. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Incidence and characteristics of injuries and observation of riders' common use practices. <h3>Results</h3> Two hundred forty-nine patients (145 [58.2%] male; mean [SD] age, 33.7 [15.3] years) presented to the emergency department with injuries associated with standing electric scooter use during the study period. Two hundred twenty-eight (91.6%) were injured as riders and 21 (8.4%) as nonriders. Twenty-seven patients were younger than 18 years (10.8%). Ten riders (4.4%) were documented as having worn a helmet, and 12 patients (4.8%) had either a blood alcohol level greater than 0.05% or were perceived to be intoxicated by a physician. Frequent injuries included fractures (79 [31.7%]), head injury (100 [40.2%]), and contusions, sprains, and lacerations without fracture or head injury (69 [27.7%]). The majority of patients (234 [94.0%]) were discharged home from the emergency department; of the 15 admitted patients, 2 had severe injuries and were admitted to the intensive care unit. Among 193 observed electric scooter riders in the local community in September 2018, 182 (94.3%) were not wearing a helmet. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Injuries associated with standing electric scooter use are a new phenomenon and vary in severity. In this study, helmet use was low and a significant subset of injuries occurred in patients younger than 18 years, the minimum age permitted by private scooter company regulations. These findings may inform public policy regarding standing electric scooter use.
Network Tomography for Understanding Phenotypic Presentations in Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Grace Casaclang-Verzosa, Sirish Shrestha, Muhammad Jahanzeb Khalil, Jung Sun Cho, Márton Tokodi, Sudarshan Balla, Mohamad Alkhouli, Vinay Badhwar, Jagat Narula, Jordan D. Miller, Partho P. Sengupta
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2019)
Phase 1/2 Study of Brentuximab Vedotin in Combination with Nivolumab in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Part 3 (Concurrent Dosing) Results and Updated Progression-Free Survival Results from Parts 1 and 2 (Staggered Dosing)
Authors: Ranjana H. Advani, Alison J. Moskowitz, Nancy L. Bartlett, Julie M. Vose, Radhakrishnan Ramchandren, Tatyana A. Feldman, Ann S. LaCasce, Beth A. Christian, Stephen M. Ansell, Craig H. Moskowitz, Keenan Fenton, Carol Anne Ogden, David Taft, Daniel E. Zak, Mariana Sacchi, Faith Galderisi, Alex F. Herrera
Journal: Blood (2018)
Clinical impact of D3 lymph node dissection preserving left colic artery (LCA) compared to D3 without preserving LCA: Exploratory subgroup analysis of data from randomized controlled trial of laparoscopic versus open surgery for colon cancer from Japan Clinical Oncology Group study JCOG0404.
Authors: Tomonori Akagi, Takao Hara, Masafumi Inomata, Junki Mizusawa, Hiroshi Katayama, Dai Shida, Masayuki Ohue, Tetsuya Hamaguchi, Masaaki Ito, Yusuke Kinugasa, Yoshihisa Saida, Tadahiko Masaki, Takeo Sato, Seiichiro Yamamoto, Tsunekazu Hanai, Koki Otsuka, Masahiko Watanabe, Haruhiko Fukuda, Yukihide Kanemitsu, Seigo Kitano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

653 Background: In curative resection of sigmoid colon and rectal cancer, it is unclear whether D3 lymph node dissection preserving left colic artery (LCA) (Group A) is beneficial compared to D3 without preserving LCA (Group B) in terms of clinical outcomes. Preservation of LCA is expected to maintain blood supply which results in preventing anastomotic leakage, intestinal paralysis, and so on. Methods: The data of JCOG0404 (which is a randomized controlled trial comparing open to laparoscopic surgery for stage II/III colon cancer) were used. Eligibility criteria in JCOG0404 included histologically proven colon cancer; T3 or deeper lesion without involvement of other organs; N0-2 and M0. D3 lymph node dissection with or without preserving LCA was identified according to the photographs of the resected field collected for central surgical review in JCOG0404. The short and long-term outcomes were compared between each procedure. Results: Among all randomized 1057 patients in JCOG0404, 631 patients who received assigned sigmoid colectomy and anterior resection were included in the subgroup analysis. The number of patients were 135 in Group A and 496 in Group B. The patient backgrounds did not differ between groups. The median operative time, median blood loss, and the proportion of grade 1 or more anastomotic leakage and intestinal paralysis were not remarkably different (Group A vs. Group B: 185 min vs 186 min, 60 ml vs. 50 ml, 3.0% vs. 5.0%, and 2.2% vs. 3.8%). However, overall postoperative complication occurred more in Group B than in Group A (9.6% and 21.6%, p = 0.022). In terms of efficacy, 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) tended to be better in Group A than Group B (RFS: 83.7% and 80.5%, HR 1.25 (95% CI 0.79-1.96), OS: 96.3% and 91.1%, HR 2.47 (95% CI 1.13-5.40)). Conclusions: Short and long-term outcomes were better in Group A than Group B. It was considered that D3 lymph node dissection preserving LCA could be alternative treatment for D3 lymph node dissection. Clinical trial information: C000000105.
Molecular Hallmarks of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Visibility in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Kathleen E. Houlahan, Amirali Salmasi, Taylor Y. Sadun, Aydin Pooli, Ely R. Felker, Julie Livingstone, Vincent Huang, Steven S. Raman, Preeti Ahuja, Anthony E. Sisk, Paul C. Boutros, Robert E. Reiter
Journal: European Urology (2019)
Droplet Digital PCR Monitoring of TP53 Mutated Circulating Tumor DNA Levels in Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Xiaolu Long, Jia Gu, Yaoyao Lou, Qian Xu, Haodong Cai, Wei Zhang, Kefeng Shen, Min Xiao, Yicheng Zhang, Liting Chen, Jianfeng Zhou
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 18943: Coculture With Mesp1-overexpressing Muscle Derived Stem Cells Protects Cardiomyocytes From Hypoxia-Induced Apoptosis
Authors: Shanshan Gao, Ping Guo, Aiping Lu, Johnny Huard
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Myocardial infarction (MI), caused by prolonged ischemia and hypoxia in the heart, triggers apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, and replacement of lost cardiomyocytes by fibrotic tissue leads to cardiac f...
PARP Inhibitors: Extending Benefit Beyond <i>BRCA</i>-Mutant Cancers
Authors: Patrick G. Pilié, Carl M. Gay, Lauren A. Byers, Mark J. O'Connor, Timothy A. Yap
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract A mounting body of evidence now indicates that PARP inhibitors have the potential to be used as a foundation for both monotherapy and combination strategies across a wide spectrum of molecular backgrounds and tumor types. Although PARP inhibitors as a class display many similarities, critical differences in structure can translate into differences in tolerability and antitumor activity that have important implications for the clinic. Furthermore, while PARP inhibitors have demonstrated a clear role in treating tumors with underlying homologous recombination deficiencies, there is now biological and early clinical evidence to support their use in other molecular subsets of cancer, including tumors associated with high levels of replication stress such as small-cell lung cancer. In this article, we highlight the key similarities and differences between individual PARP inhibitors and their implications for the clinic. We discuss data that currently support clinical strategies for extending the benefit of PARP inhibitors beyond BRCA-mutant cancers, toward broader populations of patients through the use of novel biomarkers of homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRD), as well as predictive biomarkers rooted in mechanisms of sensitivity outside of HRD. We also explore the potential application of PARP inhibitors in earlier treatment settings, including neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and even chemoprevention approaches. Finally, we focus on promising combination therapeutic strategies, such as those with other DNA damage response (DDR) inhibitors such as ATR inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and non–DDR-targeted agents that induce “chemical BRCAness.”
Outcomes of Next-Generation Sequencing Panel Testing for Primary Immunodeficiency
Authors: Nurcicek Padem, Alexander Ing, Kai Lee Yap, Asma Mustafa, Jessica Shank, Erin McGinnis, Shelly Weiss, Larry Jennings, Ramsay L. Fuleihan, Melanie M. Makhija
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Abstract 041: Smoking Cessation and Subsequent Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Three Large Prospective Cohort Studies of Americans
Authors: Yang Hu, Geng Zong, Gang Liu, Molin Wang, An Pan, Walter C Willett, JoAnn E Manson, Frank B Hu, Qi Sun
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: The inter-relationships between smoking cessation, subsequent weight change, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk remain to be characterized. Methods: We prospectively followed 153,123 U.S. men and women from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1988-2012), Nurses’ Health Study (NHS, 1984-2012), and NHS II (1991-2013). Participants were followed biennially for smoking status, weight change, and diabetes risk. Self-reported T2D was confirmed using a validated supplementary questionnaire. Results: Compared with current smokers, T2D risk among quitters significantly increased and peaked after 5-7 years of quitting, and gradually decreased along extended durations. With a mean quitting duration of 9.9 years, the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR; 95% confidence intervals [95% CI]) of T2D was 1.26 (1.14, 1.39) for recent quitters (≤6 consecutive years) and1.04 (0.95, 1.14) for longer-term quitters in three cohorts. The T2D risk approached that of never smokers after 30 years of quitting among older nurses. There was, on average, 5.5 kg weight gain within 6 years of smoking cessation whereas 2.2 kg was gained in the same period among current smokers. The weight change significantly modified the association of smoking cessation with T2D risk ( p for interaction = 0.04): for quitters without weight gain (≤0 kg), 0-5 kg weight gain, and ≥5 kg weight gain within 6 years of smoking cessation, the HRs (95% CIs) of T2D were 0.92(0.73, 1.14), 1.27(1.10, 1.46) and 1.47(1.29, 1.67), respectively, compared with current smokers. We estimated that for quitters who did not gain weight within the first 6 years, their T2D risk approached that of never smokers after 5 years of quitting. Weight change within 6 years of quitting explained 22% (14.8%, 30.1%) of the elevated risk of T2D. Conclusions: Weight gain after quitting smoking may significantly attenuate the benefits of smoking cessation by increasing T2D risk. Our findings underscore the importance of weight control after quitting in maximizing the benefits of smoking cessation.
Impact of whole genome sequencing on the investigation of food-borne outbreaks of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serogroup O157:H7, England, 2013 to 2017
Authors: Claire Jenkins, Timothy J Dallman, Kathie A Grant
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2019)

We aim to provide insight and guidance on the utility of whole genome sequencing (WGS) data for investigating food-borne outbreaks of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 in England between 2013 and 2017. Analysis of WGS data delivered an unprecedented level of strain discrimination when compared with multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis. The robustness of the WGS method ensured confidence in the microbiological identification of linked cases, even when epidemiological links were obscured. There was evidence that phylogeny derived from WGS data can be used to trace the geographical origin of an isolate. Further analysis of the phylogenetic data provided insight on the evolutionary context of emerging pathogenic strains. Publically available WGS data linked to the clinical, epidemiological and environmental context of the sequenced strain has improved trace back investigations during outbreaks. Expanding the use of WGS-based typing analysis globally will ensure the rapid implementation of interventions to protect public health, inform risk assessment and facilitate the management of national and international food-borne outbreaks of STEC O157:H7.
Prognostic or predictive value of circulating cytokines and angiogenic factors for initial treatment of multiple myeloma in the GIMEMA MM0305 randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ilaria Saltarella, Fortunato Morabito, Nicola Giuliani, Carolina Terragna, Paola Omedè, Antonio Palumbo, Sara Bringhen, Lorenzo De Paoli, Enrica Martino, Alessandra Larocca, Massimo Offidani, Francesca Patriarca, Chiara Nozzoli, Tommasina Guglielmelli, Giulia Benevolo, Vincenzo Callea, Luca Baldini, Mariella Grasso, Giovanna Leonardi, Manuela Rizzo, Antonietta Pia Falcone, Daniela Gottardi, Vittorio Montefusco, Pellegrino Musto, Maria Teresa Petrucci, Franco Dammacco, Mario Boccadoro, Angelo Vacca, Roberto Ria
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2019)

Several new drugs are approved for treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM), but no validated biomarkers are available for the prediction of a clinical outcome. We aimed to establish whether pretreatment blood and bone marrow plasma concentrations of major cytokines and angiogenic factors (CAFs) of patients from a phase 3 trial of a MM treatment could have a prognostic and predictive value in terms of response to therapy and progression-free and overall survival and whether these patients could be stratified for their prognosis. Blood and bone marrow plasma levels of Ang-2, FGF-2, HGF, VEGF, PDGF-β, IL-8, TNF-α, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 were determined at diagnosis in MM patients enrolled in the GIMEMA MM0305 randomized controlled trial by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These levels were correlated both reciprocally and with the type of therapy and patients' characteristics and with a group of non-MM patients as controls. No significant differences were detected between the blood and bone marrow plasma levels of angiogenic cytokines. A cutoff for each CAF was established. The therapeutic response of patients with blood plasma levels of CAFs lower than the cutoff was better than the response of those with higher levels in terms of percentage of responding patients and quality of response. FGF-2, HGF, VEGF, and PDGF-β plasma levels at diagnosis have predictive significance for response to treatment. The stratification of patients based on the levels of CAFs at diagnosis and their variations after therapy is useful to characterize different risk groups concerning outcome and response to therapy. Clinical trial information can be found at the following link: NCT01063179
The effect of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio on efficacy of sorafenib for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection.
Authors: Hideki Yokoo, Toshiya Kamiyama, Ko Sugiyama, Tatsuya Orimo, Shingo Shimada, Akihisa Nagatsu, Hirofumi Kamachi, Akinobu Taketomi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

367 Background: Sorafenib, an oral multikinase inhibitor, is approved for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. Predictive biomarkers of sorafenib are needed due to its frequent adverse effect. Lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) has been reported as a prognostic or predictive biomarker of chemotherapy in cancer. However, clinical significance of LMR are unclear as predictive biomarker of sorafenib. To investigate the efficacy prediction value of LMR in patients who received sorafenib for recurrent HCC after curative resection. Methods: Clinicopathological data of 59 patients who received sorafenib for recurrent HCC after surgical treatment between 2009 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Sorafenib was administered at a dose of 400mg or 800mg. Survival outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the predictive impact of LMR and other clinicopathological factors for efficacy of sorafenib on overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). Results: The optimal cutoff value of LMR for response evaluation was 3.1, which resulted in the most appropriate sensitivity of 60.5% and specificity of 71.4%, with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.641 (95% C.I.: 0.515-0.806). All patients were divided into either a low ( &lt; 3.1) LMR (LLMR) group (n = 27), or a high ( &gt; 3.1) LMR (HLMR) group (n = 32). Patients with HLMR group had significantly increased OS (MST: 20.0M vs 8.0M, P = 0.001) and PFS (MST: 10.2M vs 5.1M, P &lt; 0.001) compared to those with a LLMR group. Multivariate analyses indicated that a HLMR was a significantly independent predictor of superior OS (P = 0.006) and PFS (P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: LMR in pre-administration of sorafenib was demonstrated to serve as an independent efficacy prediction factor of sorafenib in recurrent HCC patients after curative resection.
Acquired Resistance to BRAF Inhibition in Hcl Is Rare and Retreatment with Vemurafenib at Relapse Can Induce High Response Rates: Final Results of a Phase II Trial of Vemurafenib in Relapsed Hcl
Authors: Jae H. Park, Jeong-Ok Lee, Richard M. Stone, Alan Saven, Jessica K. Altman, Michael R. Grever, Kanti R Rai, Shreya Vemuri, Omar I Abdel-Wahab, Martin S. Tallman
Journal: Blood (2018)
New York State moves to protect women’s abortion rights
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2019)

The New York State legislature has passed the Reproductive Health Act to protect a woman’s right to abortion if the increasingly conservative Supreme Court overturns Roe v Wade , which legalized abortion in 1973. The act was immediately signed into law by Governor Andrew Cuomo, a Democrat.

New York was one of the earliest states to make abortion legal: it did so in 1970, before the Supreme Court decision in Roe v Wade . But, with two conservative justices appointed to the Supreme Court by President Donald Trump, the chance of Roe v Wade being overturned has increased. If that happened regulation of abortion would fall to the individual states.

Eighteen states have laws that …
Burden and Outcomes of Mucosal Barrier Injury-Laboratory Confirmed Bloodstream Infections (MBI-LCBI) in the First 100 Days after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant: A CIBMTR Analysis
Authors: Christopher E Dandoy, Min Chen, Soyoung Kim, Krishna Komanduri, Caroline A. Lindemans, Miguel-Angel Perales, Marcie L. Riches
Journal: Blood (2018)
Phase II HEPANOVA trial of tumor treating fields concomitant with sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
Authors: Anca Grosu, Eleni Gkika, Thomas B. Brunner, Robert Thimme
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

TPS603 Background: Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are a non-invasive, regional antimitotic treatment modality, which has been approved for the treatment of glioblastoma and malignant pleural mesothelioma by the FDA. TTFields predominantly act by disrupting the formation of the mitotic spindle during metaphase. TTFields were effective in multiple preclinical models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), leading to a significant increase in cell death. The Phase 2 HEPANOVA [NCT03606590] study is the first trial testing TTFields in HCC patients, and is designed to test the safety and efficacy of adding TTFields to sorafenib in advanced HCC. Methods: (N = 25) with unresectable HCC who are not amenable to any local treatment will be enrolled in this prospective, single-arm study. The study enrolls patients with ECOG score of 0-2 and Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) stage 0-C. Patients must have a measurable disease per RECIST Criteria. Having implanted electronic devices in the torso is exclusionary. Sorafenib will be administered at standard dose (400 mg twice daily). TTFields (150 kHz) will be delivered for 18 hours/day until local disease progression per RECIST Criteria. Clinical follow up will be performed q4w, and a CT/MRI scan q12w. Following disease progression in the liver, patients will discontinue TTFields and be followed monthly for survival. Overall response rate will be the primary endpoint and in-field control rate, progression-free survival rate at 12 month (PFS12), OS rate at 1 year and toxicity will all be secondary endpoints. Sample size was calculated using an Exact test for proportions considering the weighted average of ORR of patients who had either complete or partial response per RECIST criteria in historical studies with sorafenib is 4.5%. A sample size of 25 patients was required to achieve a power of approximately 80% at a one-sided alpha level of 0.05 using a single sample Exact test for proportions. Clinical trial information: NCT03606590.
Abstract 16587: Tpeak-to-tend Interval Corrected for Heart Rate: A More Precise Measure of Increased Sudden Death Risk?
Authors: Kelvin C Chua, Audrey Uy-Evanado, Carmen Teodorescu, Kyndaron Reinier, Harpriya Chugh, Kumar Narayanan, Karen Gunson, Jonathan Jui, Sumeet S Chugh
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: The Tpeak-to-Tend interval (Tpe) on the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) predicts increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). There has been some controversy on whether Tpe would be more useful if corrected for heart rate (Tpec). Hypothesis: We hypothesize that correcting the Tpe for heart rate will improve its predictive value for SCD. Methods: Cases of sudden cardiac death (SCD) (n=725; mean age 67.4 years; 95% CI 52.7 to 82.1 years; 67.7% males) from a large ongoing population based study of SCD in the Northwest US (population approx. one million) with an ECG available prior and unrelated to the SCD event were analyzed. Comparisons were made to control subjects with and without coronary artery disease (n=898; mean age 66.9 years; 95% CI 55.5 to 78.3 years; 63.7% males). The Tpe interval was corrected for heart rate using the Bazett (TpecBa) and Fridericia (TpecFd) formulae and the predictive value of Tpec for SCD was compared in logistic regression models. Results: The area-under-curve (AUC) for predicting SCD improved with both correction formulae, TpecBa at 0.628 and TpecFd at 0.606 compared to an uncorrected Tpe at 0.544 (see Figure). The optimal cut-off value for TpecBa and TpecFd was determined using the receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve. A TpecBa of more than 94ms and TpecFd of more than 88ms was predictive of SCD independent of age, gender, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, previous myocardial infarction), electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), severe left ventricular dysfunction (LVEF ≤35%), prolonged QTc (&gt;450ms) and prolonged QRS duration (&gt;120ms) with an odds ratio of 1.88 (95% CI, 1.36 to 2.60; p &lt;0.0001) and 1.90 (95% CI, 1.38 to 2.62; p &lt;0.0001) respectively. Conclusion: Correcting the Tpeak-to-Tend interval for heart rate, using either the Bazett and Fridericia formulae, improved the independent predictive value of this marker for assessment of SCD risk in the community.