tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Do male partners of breast cancer patients perceive the quality of life of their mates?
Authors: E. G. Rabin, A. F. Ferreira Filho, D. L. Da Silva, M. P. De Almeida Fleck
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

18502 Background: Scant scientific data exists regarding the quality of life (QOL) of female breast cancer patients as perceived by their male partners. Methods: We evaluated the QOL of 73 breast cancer patients and their partners perception using the abbreviated and Portuguese (from Brazil) validated questionnaires forms of the World Health Organization Quality of life (WHOQOL-bref) and WHOQOL-bref adapted for the third person, respectively. The breast cancer patients were also evaluated by the Beck Depression Scale (BDS) and were considered depressed if they had a score equal or greater than 10. The inclusion criteria for this study were: female breast cancer patients with stage I to III, cohabitation with a male partner for at least one year, age from 18 to 65 years old, being able to understand the questionnaires and sign an informed consent term. In order to compare the the scores of the WHOQOL-bref of breast cancer patients and the scores of the adapted WHOQOL-bref of their partners, we used the Pearson correlation index, Student’s t test and variation analysis. All statistical tests were two-sided, and P &lt; .05 was used to indicate statistical significance. Results: In the analysis of all 73 patients, we found no difference between the perceptions of QOL and its domains between the breast cancer patients and their partners (see table ). However, in the subgroups of patients who had a mastectomy (n = 32) or were depressed (n = 35) as measured by the BDS scale, we found differences as their partners rated them higher on the physical domain and psychological domain (P = 0.003 and P = 0.009), respectively. Conclusions: Male partners of breast cancer patients have an accurate perception of their mates’ QOL. The only exceptions we found were in subgroup analysis of women who had a mastectomy and/or were depressed. Our findings suggest that the male partners of breast cancer patients can be seen as reliable surrogates of their QOL. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Beyond DNA Damage: Exploring the Immunomodulatory Effects of Cyclophosphamide in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Dawn Swan, Mark Gurney, Janusz Krawczyk, Aideen E. Ryan, Michael O'Dwyer
Journal: HemaSphere (2020)

Abstract The alkylating agent cyclophosphamide has been used in the treatment of multiple myeloma for over 60 years. At low doses, cyclophosphamide also has significant immunomodulatory activity, which can be used to modify the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in order to augment responses to existing therapies. Immune‐mediated therapies are becoming more widespread in modern approaches to myeloma treatment. In this review, we discuss the effects cyclophosphamide has on the immune system, and how it can be used synergistically with other treatment modalities including the immunomodulatory agents, monoclonal antibodies and cellular therapies.
It is all about the knee! A focus on sportswomen and sports physiotherapy at #sportfisio2020 in Bern
Authors: Mario Bizzini, Nicolas Mathieu
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2020)

The Swiss Sports Physiotherapy Association (SSPA) will hold its 18th annual conference on November 13th, 2020 in Bern, capital of Switzerland and home of this event since 2005.



Top knee conference, Bern, November 13, 2020.



The goal of SSPA has always been to organise a high-quality scientific congress featuring international high-profile speakers. We invite you to relive all our conferences (since 2013) on our own YouTube channel (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMYW4Yv3IXeANv-uD3R0FYA), a free educational resource for the sports PT and medicine community.

After the 2019 shoulder edition, we’ll tackle the knee this year. Despite decades of research …
Safety of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis in patients taking methotrexate
Authors: Sonia A. Havele, Ariana Ellis, Alex Chaitoff, Urmi Khanna, Joseph Parambil, Carol A. Langford, Anthony P. Fernandez
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Covid-19: ibuprofen can be used for symptoms, says UK agency, but reasons for change in advice are unclear
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Covid-19: ibuprofen can be used for symptoms, says UK agency, but reasons for change in advice are unclear Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Abstract 16015: Exosome-mediated Reversal of Duchenne Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mark A Aminzadeh, Prasanthi Durvasula, Rachel Tobin, Xuan Guan, Allen Andres, David Taylor, Ahmed Ibrahim, Baiming Sun, Angelo Torrente, Joshua Goldhaber, Ronald Victor, Roberta Gottlieb, Martin Childers, Eduardo Marbán
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a crippling genetic disease leading to premature death, affects the heart as well as skeletal muscle. Indeed, cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of death in Duchenne patients. There are no approved treatments for the cardiomyopathy, and novel Duchenne-specific experimental approaches such as exon skipping do not benefit the heart. Here we demonstrate that cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs), which are in advanced clinical testing for therapeutic regeneration after myocardial infarction, reverse the key pathophysiological hallmarks of Duchenne cardiomyopathy (oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction) in mdx mice. Exosomes secreted by human CDCs reproduce the benefits of CDCs in mdx mice, and reverse mitochondrial dysfunction in human Duchenne cardiomyocytes. Both CDCs and their exosomes improve heart function in mdx mice (P&lt;0.05); a single injection of CDCs suffices to increase maximal exercise capacity and improve survival (P&lt;0.005). Delivery of a microRNA enriched in CDC exosomes, miR 148a, mimics key effects of CDCs and CDC exosomes. Thus, CDCs effectively treat Duchenne cardiomyopathy, via exosome-mediated transfer of signaling molecules including miR 148a. The present findings motivate clinical testing of CDCs in patients with Duchenne cardiomyopathy.
A Phase II Trial of the Small Molecule Pan-Bcl-2 Family Inhibitor Obatoclax Mesylate (GX15-070) Administered by a 24-h Continuous Infusion Every 2 Weeks to Patients with Chronic Idiopathic Myelofibrosis (CIMF).
Authors: Srdan Verstovsek, Azra Raza, Aaron D. Schimmer, Jean Viallet, Hagop Kantarjian
Journal: Blood (2007)
Risk factors for disease severity, unimprovement, and mortality in COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China
Authors: J. Zhang, X. Wang, X. Jia, J. Li, K. Hu, G. Chen, J. Wei, Z. Gong, C. Zhou, H. Yu, M. Yu, H. Lei, F. Cheng, B. Zhang, Y. Xu, G. Wang, W. Dong
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)
Abstract B37: Analysis of the differential expression of human endogenous retrovirus in glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Zihao Yuan, Ningyan Zhang, Zhiqiang An, Wenjin Zheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and deadly brain tumor. It is primarily diagnosed at older ages and has 5-year survival rate less than 6% even with the most aggressive therapies; the lack of biomarkers for GBM makes the development of its immunotherapy challenging. Human endogenous retrovirus (HERVs) are a group of long terminal repeat (LTR) elements that are believed to be relics from ancient viral infections. Recent studies have found their important roles in regulating various biologic processes. However, our understanding of the LTR elements is greatly lacking. The purpose of our study was to comprehensively characterize the expression profile of LTRs in the GBM compared with normal brain. The 1,077.4 GB of sequencing data contain 111 GBM tissue studies, 30 GBM cell lines studies, and 45 normal brain tissues studies were obtained from public database; the differential expressed repetitive elements were analyzed between GBM and normal brain samples. 48 LTR elements were found differentially expressed (p-value &amp;lt; 0.05) between GBM and normal brain, of which 46 are HERV elements. 34 out of 46 significantly changed HERVs belong to the ERV1 superfamily. Most (43/46) of the differential expressed HERV elements are upregulated in GBM compared with normal brain. Our results suggest a potentially important role of HERVs in the etiology of GBM and future application of these elements as biomarkers for GBM treatments. Citation Format: Zihao Yuan, Ningyan Zhang, Zhiqiang An, Wenjin Zheng. Analysis of the differential expression of human endogenous retrovirus in glioblastoma multiforme [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Microbiome, Viruses, and Cancer; 2020 Feb 21-24; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(8 Suppl):Abstract nr B37.
A Whole-Genome Scan for Association with Invasion Success in the Fruit Fly Drosophila suzukii Using Contrasts of Allele Frequencies Corrected for Population Structure
Authors: Laure Olazcuaga, Anne Loiseau, Hugues Parrinello, Mathilde Paris, Antoine Fraimout, Christelle Guedot, Lauren M Diepenbrock, Marc Kenis, Jinping Zhang, Xiao Chen, Nicolas Borowiec, Benoit Facon, Heidrun Vogt, Donald K Price, Heiko Vogel, Benjamin Prud’homme, Arnaud Estoup, Mathieu Gautier
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2020)

Abstract Evidence is accumulating that evolutionary changes are not only common during biological invasions but may also contribute directly to invasion success. The genomic basis of such changes is still largely unexplored. Yet, understanding the genomic response to invasion may help to predict the conditions under which invasiveness can be enhanced or suppressed. Here, we characterized the genome response of the spotted wing drosophila Drosophila suzukii during the worldwide invasion of this pest insect species, by conducting a genome-wide association study to identify genes involved in adaptive processes during invasion. Genomic data from 22 population samples were analyzed to detect genetic variants associated with the status (invasive versus native) of the sampled populations based on a newly developed statistic, we called C2, that contrasts allele frequencies corrected for population structure. We evaluated this new statistical framework using simulated data sets and implemented it in an upgraded version of the program BayPass. We identified a relatively small set of single-nucleotide polymorphisms that show a highly significant association with the invasive status of D. suzukii populations. In particular, two genes, RhoGEF64C and cpo, contained single-nucleotide polymorphisms significantly associated with the invasive status in the two separate main invasion routes of D. suzukii. Our methodological approaches can be applied to any other invasive species, and more generally to any evolutionary model for species characterized by nonequilibrium demographic conditions for which binary covariables of interest can be defined at the population level.
Aging-induced IL27Ra signaling impairs hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Hanqing He, Panglian Xu, Xiaofei Zhang, Min Liao, Qiongye Dong, Tingting Cong, Baixue Tang, Xiuxiu Yang, Maoqing Ye, Yingjun Chang, Weihua Liu, Xiaowo Wang, Zhenyu Ju, Jianwei Wang
Journal: Blood (2020)
Excellent outcome of young children with nodular desmoplastic medulloblastoma treated on “Head Start” III: a multi-institutional, prospective clinical trial
Authors: Girish Dhall, Sharon H O’Neil, Lingyun Ji, Kelley Haley, Ashley M Whitaker, Marvin D Nelson, Floyd Gilles, Sharon L Gardner, Jeffrey C Allen, Albert S Cornelius, Kamnesh Pradhan, James H Garvin, Randal S Olshefski, Juliette Hukin, Melanie Comito, Stewart Goldman, Mark P Atlas, Andrew W Walter, Stephen Sands, Richard Sposto, Jonathan L Finlay
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

"Head Start" III, was a prospective clinical trial using intensive induction followed by myeloablative chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic cell rescue (AuHCR) to either avoid or reduce the dose/volume of irradiation in young children with medulloblastoma.
Management of rheumatic diseases in the time of covid-19 pandemic: perspectives of rheumatology practitioners from India
Authors: Latika Gupta, Durga Prasanna Misra, Vishwesh Agarwal, Suma Balan, Vikas Agarwal
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

With respect to observations by Monti et al ,1 a survey featuring 31 questions related to rheumatic diseases (RDs) during the covid-19 pandemic was administered to members of the Indian Rheumatology Association.

Of 861 invitees, 221 (25.7%; 92.7% adult rheumatologists, 52.2% academicians) responded. Most perceived the need for a change in the management of RDs (online supplementary files). Almost half (47.5%) reduced the usage of biological disease modifyinig anti rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), whereas only 12.2% did so for csDMARDs (figure 1). Of the respondents, 66.5% were more inclined to initiate hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in patients with borderline indications, whereas 14% disagreed with this approach. Nearly two-thirds (64.2%) were less inclined to change the major immunosuppressant (IS) for impending flare, with 58.3% deferring rituximab (RTX), followed closely by cyclophosphamide, antitumour necrosis factors (anti-TNFs), Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKinibs) and other bDMARDs. An earlier taper of glucocorticoids was preferred by 57.9% in inactive disease. There was lack of consensus on continuing IS infusions.### Supplementary data

[annrheumdis-2020-217509supp001.pdf] 

### Supplementary data

[annrheumdis-2020-217509supp002.pdf] 

### Supplementary data

[annrheumdis-2020-217509supp003.pdf] 



Figure 1 
Opinion of rheumatologists on change in management of rheumatic diseases in the time of covid-19 pandemic. ARBs, angiotensin receptor blockers; AZA, Azathioprine; bDMARDs, biological disease modifying …
Abstract IA06: Colon cancer: Microbes and communities in microbiome translation
Authors: Cynthia L. Sears
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Intensive efforts are under way to understand how the colon microbiome contributes to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and to determine if and how the microbiome can be utilized in the prevention and/or therapy of CRC. Both single microbes and microbial communities are proposed as contributors to human CRC. Among single microbes, attention to date has focused on enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), (pks+) Escherichia coli, and Fusobacterium spp., although other candidates are emerging. Among communities, one aspect has been the potential contribution of mucus-invasive, dense mucosal microbial communities termed biofilms to CRC disease pathogenesis. This talk will review select concepts within ETBF’s and biofilm contribution to colon carcinogenesis. While ETBF exposure is common, the risk of colon carcinogenesis in an individual is unknown but potentially influenced by colonization state, B. fragilis toxin isotype secreted by ETBF, colon site, and the underlying genomic state of the colonic epithelial cells. With respect to colon biofilms, about 50% of human sporadic colon cancer, particularly in the right colon, display polymicrobial biofilms with marked tumor infiltration with bacteria whereas ~15% of normal colonoscopy biopsies also reveal polymicrobial biofilms. These polymicrobial biofilms are typically composed of Bacteroidetes and Lachnospiraceae with a subset of tumors, but not biopsies, also displaying Fusobacterium. Further, samples from biofilm-positive human colon cancers induce assembly of biofilms in the distal germ-free mouse colon within a week following inoculation and are procarcinogenic (JCI 129:1699, 2019). One of the common hereditary human colon cancers (familial adenomatous polyposis; APC+/−) also displays biofilms but dominated by two bacteria, (pks+) E. coli and ETBF. A mouse model of (pks+) E. coli and ETBF cocolonization exhibited accelerated tumor formation and mortality when cocolonized with the cancer-inducing bacteria, potentially by fostering increased microbial adherence, IL-17, changes in gene expression, and enhanced colonic epithelial cell DNA damage (Science 2018;359:592-97). Current directions of translational research will be presented. Citation Format: Cynthia L. Sears. Colon cancer: Microbes and communities in microbiome translation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Microbiome, Viruses, and Cancer; 2020 Feb 21-24; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(8 Suppl):Abstract nr IA06.
In vitro modeling of glioblastoma initiation using PDGF-AA and p53-null neural progenitors
Authors: Alexandra K Bohm, Jessica DePetro, Carmen E Binding, Amanda Gerber, Nicholas Chahley, N Dan Berger, Mathaeus Ware, Kaitlin Thomas, U Senapathi, Shazreh Bukhari, Cindy Chen, Erin Chahley, Cameron Grisdale, Sam Lawn, Yaping Yu, Raymond Wong, Yaoqing Shen, Hiba Omairi, Reza Mirzaei, Nourah Alshatti, Haley Pedersen, Wee Yong, Samuel Weiss, Jennifer Chan, P J Cimino, John Kelly, Steve Jones, Eric Holland, Michael Blough, Gregory Cairncross
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Imagining ways to prevent or treat glioblastoma (GBM) has been hindered by a lack of understanding of its pathogenesis. Although overexpression of platelet derived growth factor with two A-chains (PDGF-AA) may be an early event, critical details of the core biology of GBM are lacking. For example, existing PDGF-driven models replicate its microscopic appearance, but not its genomic architecture. Here we report a model that overcomes this barrier to authenticity.Using a method developed to establish neural stem cell cultures, we investigated the effects of PDGF-AA on subventricular zone (SVZ) cells, one of the putative cells of origin of GBM. We microdissected SVZ tissue from p53-null and wild-type adult mice, cultured cells in media supplemented with PDGF-AA, and assessed cell viability, proliferation, genome stability, and tumorigenicity.Counterintuitive to its canonical role as a growth factor, we observed abrupt and massive cell death in PDGF-AA: wild-type cells did not survive, whereas a small fraction of null cells evaded apoptosis. Surviving null cells displayed attenuated proliferation accompanied by whole chromosome gains and losses. After approximately 100 days in PDGF-AA, cells suddenly proliferated rapidly, acquired growth factor independence, and became tumorigenic in immune-competent mice. Transformed cells had an oligodendrocyte precursor-like lineage marker profile, were resistant to platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha inhibition, and harbored highly abnormal karyotypes similar to human GBM.This model associates genome instability in neural progenitor cells with chronic exposure to PDGF-AA and is the first to approximate the genomic landscape of human GBM and the first in which the earliest phases of the disease can be studied directly.
Milk Fat Globule–Epidermal Growth Factor–Factor 8 Improves Hepatic Steatosis and Inflammation
Authors: Lei Zhang, Ruifeng Tian, Xinxin Yao, Xiao‐Jing Zhang, Peng Zhang, Yongping Huang, Zhi‐Gang She, Hongliang Li, Yan‐Xiao Ji, Jingjing Cai
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Background and Aims Milk fat globule–epidermal growth factor–factor 8 (MFGE8) has been shown to be a critical extracellular molecule that mediates apoptotic signaling in the pathological process of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). MFGE8 is abundantly expressed in hepatocytes, but its function in the pathogenesis of NAFLD has not been characterized. Approach and Results In our current study, hepatic MFGE8 showed a protective role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Hepatic MFGE8 deletion largely exacerbated lipid accumulation and inflammatory responses in the liver in response to overnutrition. Mechanistically, intercellular MFGE8 was shown to directly bind to apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and to inhibit its dimerization and phosphorylation under a normal diet. However, under metabolic challenges, decreased cytoplasmic MFGE8 facilitated the dimerization and phosphorylation of ASK1 and subsequent mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling in hepatocytes. Conclusions Hepatic MFGE8 is an endogenous inhibitor that halts the progression of hepatic steatosis and inflammation. Metabolic challenge–induced loss of intracellular MFGE8 facilitates ASK1 dimerization and phosphorylation. Therefore, maintaining hepatic MFGE8 levels may serve as an alternative strategy for the treatment of NAFLD.
A multidimensional model of mentorship for emerging health research leaders: a longitudinal qualitative multiple case study
Authors: Petra Brysiewicz, Nisha Nadesan-Reddy, Fatima Suleman
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2020)

BackgroundThe Developing Research Innovation, Localisation and Leadership (DRILL) programme is a research leadership programme that uses mentorship and relational triads to develop early career health scientists (DRILL Fellows). Between August, 2015, and August, 2019, 25 health scientists from various health professions in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, participated in the DRILL programme, all working in high priority areas, namely: HIV/AIDS, health systems strengthening, health professions education, mental health, and health research ethics. The programme proposed that the researchers be formally paired with a supervisor to provide research and content expertise and a mentor to provide support and guidance to attain professional and personal goals. It was envisaged that mentors would help fellows negotiate their academic and career path and provide them with advice and skills to develop as researcher leaders. In this study, we aimed to assess the formally established mentoring and supervisory relationships within the DRILL programme.MethodsWe conducted individual in-depth interviews with the DRILL fellows and used inductive thematic analysis with NVIVO to guide data analysis.FindingsBetween April 24, 2019 and Jan 29, 2020, we interviewed 11 fellows (nine women and two men); mean age was 43 years (range 37–55 years). These fellows were medical specialists (three), pharmacists (two), a registered nurse (one), physiotherapists (two), optometrists (two) and a clinical anatomist (one). Preliminary findings from the fellow interviews indicate that the relational triad model has not been successful. This is as a result of fellows reporting of a blurring of the mentor-supervision role, relational difficulties, time constraints, and an academic workload that results in limited availability of senior researchers at the institution. However, fellows reported that peer mentorship, support from the DRILL leadership, and support external to DRILL have had a large impact. The informal peer mentorship role established among the fellows themselves has led to the development of a very successful, strong, and supportive community of practice.InterpretationPreliminary findings suggest that a successful mentorship model needs to be multidimensional and should include formal mentors as well as a strong peer support network. Multiple mentors who are accessible for the fellows' different needs are more effective than one assigned career mentor. The results from this study will be used to further refine the DRILL mentorship model which will be used by the university and the Department of Health.FundingSupported by the Fogarty International Center, NIH Common Fund, Office of Strategic Coordination, Office of the Director (OD/OSC/CF/NIH), Office of AIDS Research, Office of the Director (OAR/NIH), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH/NIH) of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number D43TW010131.