tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Differences in response to imatinib between gastrointestinal stromal tumors involving the liver and tumors that do not: Experience from Nairobi.
Authors: Nicolas Anthony Othieno-Abinya, Malkit Singh Riyat, Raymond Omollo, Gladwell Wantiru Gichuru
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e20504 Background: More than 60% of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) arise from the stomach and about 20% from the small intestines. About 95% of GISTs express kit receptor tyrosine kinase (CD117) which is used for purposes of diagnosis and targeted treatment. However, kit expression alone is not specific for GIST, nor does it necessarily imply kinase activation. Poor prognostic features include involvement of the liver, and other bulky sites of disease. Methods: Patients with CD117-positive leiomyosarcomas arising in the abdomen and treated through the Glivec International Patient Assistance Program (GIPAP) clinics in Nairobi were studied. Details taken included sites involved by disease at diagnosis, stage, sites of metastases, whether the tumour had been resected or not, and outcome of treatment with imatinib. Data were summarized using proportions where the variables were categorical while mean (SD) or median (range) was used for continuous variables. Comparisons for categorical variables were done using chi square tests (or Fishers exact test for cell counts less than 5). The statistical level of significance was set to 5%. Results: In total 54 patients were included. Males were 36 (66.7%) and females 18 (33.3%). Age range was 25-86 years, median 50. Stomach was involved primarily in 22 of 47 cases evaluable (46.8%). The liver was primarily involved in 3 (6.4%) and liver metastases in 7 (15%). None of 8 patients (0%) with evaluable liver involvement regressed or stabilized on treatment for at least 6 months compared with 10 of 14 (71.4%) from the stomach, 7 of 7 (100%) from small bowel, and 7 of 13 (53.8%) with mesenteric/omental involvement. These differences were statistically significant (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Apparent lack of response by tumours involving the liver could suggest that the kit expression here may not be the factor activating the kit target in this subset of patients, or they could be of exon 9 mutation predominantly. Mutational analysis studies may shed more light in this issue.
Abstract 14904: Effectiveness and Safety of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants Among Very Elderly Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: An Observational Study
Authors: Gregory Y Lip, Allison Keshishian, Xiaoyan Li, Amol Dhamane, Xuemei Luo, Neeraja Balachander, Lisa Rosenblatt, Jack Mardekian, Xianying Pan, Anagha Nadkarni, Alessandra B Garcia, Manuela Di Fusco, Huseyin Yuce, Steve Deitelzweig
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Clinical trials have shown that non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs; apixaban, dabigatran, and rivaroxaban) are associated with similar or lower rates of stroke/system...
COMPARISON OF PREDICTIVE MODELS FOR CONTRAST-INDUCED NEPHROPATHY FOLLOWING CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY: A PROSPECTIVE MULTICENTER COHORT STUDY
Authors: Yong Liu, Zhiqiang Nie, Shiqun Chen, Xiaodong Zhuang, Zhimin Du, Keng Wu, Guoliang Jia, Jianfeng Ye, Yan Liang, Guifu Wu, Guoli Sun, Jin Liu, Yibo He, Feier Song, Ke Zhao, Zaiyi Liu, Kaihong Chen, Yuying Hu, Jian Qiu, Yuqing Hou, Jingfeng Wang, Ning Tan, Jiyan Chen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
CORONARY ARTERY ANOMALIES OUTCOMES: 19 YEARS STUDY OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC ANGIOGRAPHY
Authors: Vahid Rezvanizadeh, Negin Nezarat, Suraj Dahal, Suvasini Lakshmanan, Andrew Cai, Afiachukwu Onuegbu, Khadije Ahmad, Ilana Golub, Divya Birudaraju, April Kinninger, Christopher Dailing, Ferdinand Flores, Sion K. Roy, Matthew J. Budoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
HER2 positive gastroesophageal cancer in an Irish population.
Authors: Anuradha Jayaram, Jodie E Battley, Kate O'Connor, Michael WIlliam Bennett, Muhammad Faisal Jamaluddin, Oleksandr Volodymyrovych Boychak, Margaret Sheehan, Derek Gerard Power, Gregory Leonard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e14687 Background: Gastroesophageal cancer is a major cause of cancer-related mortality. HER2 is overexpressed in ~ 7-34% of gastroesophageal (GE) adenocarcinomas. The ToGA study, established the benefit of trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy in HER2 positive metastatic GE tumours. In this study, 22% of patients were HER2 positive {immunohistochemistry (IHC)3+ or fluorescence insitu hybridization (FISH)(+)}. Potential heterogeneity of HER2 amplification, overexpression, and incomplete membrane staining of HER2 by IHC leaves some ambiguity in HER2 testing and definition of HER2 positive GE tumours. We report a multi-center Irish experience by examining HER2 status by IHC and FISH in GE tumours. Methods: HER2 testing was performed on adenocarcinoma biopsy or resection specimens of patients with early stage and metastatic GE tumors between 2008 - 2011. We defined HER2 positive as IHC3+ or FISH(+) {HER2:17ch ≥ 2}. In addition, age, gender, smoking history, histology, stage of disease, treatment, and survival data were recorded. Results: A total of136 Caucasian patients with early stage and metastatic GE cancers were identified. Median age was 69 yrs (ranging from 25 – 96). Data available for analysis was conducted from 111 patients with 10% FISH(+). There are 73 patients with early stage and 38 with metastatic disease. Five metastatic cases (13%) were FISH(+) (of whom 3 IHC3+, 1 IHC2+, 1 IHC1+), 33 cases were FISH(-). Sites of metastatic disease in the FISH(+) cohort were liver, peritoneal, and bone metastasis. In the FISH(-) group, sites of metastatic disease were predominantly liver. Interestingly CNS disease is seen exclusively in the FISH(-) cohort. Of the early stage patients, only 6 patients (8.2%) were FISH(+) (of whom 3 IHC3+, 2 IHC2+, 1 IHC1+). With respect to tumour heterogeneity of HER2 amplification, in IHC3+, 82% were FISH(+), IHC2+, 17% were FISH(+) and IHC1+, 6% were FISH(+). There was 100% concordance between IHC0 and FISH(-). Conclusions: HER2 positive GE adenocarcinomas in the analyzed cohort displays similar pattern of heterogeneity in IHC staining and FISH positivity but with lower incidence (10%) of HER2 amplification than was reported in the ToGA study. Further data on location, histological pattern and survival will be reported.
EVALUATION OF ANTICOAGULANT TREATMENT PATTERNS OF PATIENTS WITH NONVALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION DURING HOSPITALIZATION IN THE US
Authors: Steven Bruce Deitelzweig, Amol Dhamane, Manuela Di Fusco, Cristina Russ, Lisa Rosenblatt, Jack Mardekian, Melissa Lingohr-Smith, Jay Lin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Placebo Responses Among Men With Erectile Dysfunction Enrolled in Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitor Trials
Authors: Alexander Stridh, Moa Pontén, Stefan Arver, Irving Kirsch, Christoph Abé, Karin B. Jensen
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Placebo responses in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) are poorly described in the literature to date. <h3>Objective</h3> To quantify the association of placebo with ED outcomes among men enrolled in placebo-controlled, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE5I) trials. <h3>Data Sources</h3> For this systematic review and meta-analysis, a database search was conducted to identify double-blind, placebo-controlled studies using PDE5Is for the treatment of ED published from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2018, within MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Only articles published in the English language were included. <h3>Study Selection</h3> Double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials of PDE5Is for ED were included. Studies were excluded if they did not provide distribution measures for statistical analysis. Study selection review assessments were conducted by 2 independent investigators. A total of 2215 studies were identified from the database search, and after review, 63 studies that included 12 564 men were analyzed. <h3>Data Extraction and Synthesis</h3> Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed in abstracting data and assessing validity. Data were extracted from published reports by 2 independent reviewers. Quality assessment was performed using the Jadad scale. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The main outcome was improvement in the erectile function domain of the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire in the placebo arm of the included studies. Effect size was reported as bias-corrected standardized mean difference (Hedges<i>g</i>). The hypothesis was formulated before data extraction. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 63 studies that included 12 564 men (mean [SD] age, 55 [7] years; age range, 36-68 years) were included. Erectile function was significantly improved among participants in the placebo arm, with a small to moderate effect size (Hedges<i>g</i>[SE], 0.35 [0.03];<i>P</i> &lt; .001). Placebo effect size was larger among participants with ED associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (Hedges<i>g</i>[SE], 0.78 [0.32];<i>P</i> = .02) compared with the overall analysis. No significant difference was found between placebo and PDE5Is for ED after prostate surgery or radiotherapy (Hedges<i>g</i>[SE], 0.30 [0.17];<i>P</i> = .08). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this study, placebo was associated with improvement of ED, especially among men with ED-related posttraumatic stress disorder. No difference was found between placebo and PDE5I among men treated for ED after prostate surgery.
Frequency of <i>EGFR</i> mutations in Greek non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.
Authors: Samuel Murray, Eirini Papadopoulou, George Nasioulas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e21141 Background: NSCLC patients harboring activating somatic mutations within the tyrosine kinase (TK) domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) significantly benefit from EGFR targeted therapy. Treatment with the recently approved EGFR inhibitor IRESSA (gefitinib) leads to improved response and survival outcomes, therefore screening for EGFR mutations has entered routine clinical practice. Several clinico-pathological factors correlate with these mutations including gender, smoking history, and histology. The frequency of EGFR mutations is also ethnicity-dependent, wherein the incidence in Asian populations is ~30%, while in Caucasians (Whites) it is lower, ~ 15%. However, limited data is available on intra-ethnic differences throughout Europe. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and spectrum of EGFR mutations in an unselected group of Greek NSCLC patients and investigate technical aspects of analysis. Methods: We set up High Resolution Melting Analysis (HRMA) assays to identify mutations in exons 18-21 of the EGFR gene and validated their analytical sensitivity by making serial dilutions of samples with known mutations and tumor cell content (TCC). A total of 698 NSCLC patients were screened with HRMA for somatic EGFR mutations in exons 18-21 and mutation status was verified by bi-directional sequencing. Pathological review was obtained for all samples and macro-dissection was used to ensure a %TCC of &gt;75% in all possible cases. Results: The sensitivity of our HRM assays was found to be ≤1.5% Using HRMA and bi-directional sequencing a frequency of 19.05% was obtained; 105 x exon 19, 21 x exon 21, 6 x exon 20 and 1 x exon 18 . Conclusions: Applying a very sensitive mutation detection technique in a large cohort of unselected Greek NSCLC patients in routine diagnostic practice, we obtained an overall mutation frequency of 19.05%. This mutation frequency is similar to that found by the SLADB and EURTAC studies in European populations. Differences in sensitivity between techniques suggest that more than one technique should be advised in routine diagnostic practice.
Parathyroidectomy and Hypertension—Reply
Authors: Meena Said
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
PRAGMATIC LESSONS FOR CONSTRUCTING POPULATION-BASED STEMI NETWORKS USING TELEMEDICINE
Authors: Sameer Mehta, Francisco Fernandez, Roberto Botelho, Sebastian Niklitschek, Carlos Villagran, Jorge Avila, Alejandra Frauenfelder, Daniel Vieira, Mariana Ceschim, Sohail Merchant, Akhil Vaid, Gladys Pinto, Isabella Vallenilla, Genesis Perez del Nogal, Lilly Prieto, Maritza Luna, Daniela Bou Daher, Samantha Quintero, Jorge Mazzini, Yogaraja Vijayan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Clinical evidence for drug penetration of capecitabine and lapatinib uptake in resected brain metastases from women with metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Aki Morikawa, David M. Peereboom, Quentin R Smith, Helen Thorsheim, Paul R Lockman, Ahkeem James Simmons, Robert J. Weil, Viviane Tabar, Patricia Schriver Steeg, Andrew David Seidman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

514 Background: Brain metastasis (BM) is a challenging complication of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Although systemic therapy is not commonly considered as a primary therapeutic approach, its potential in BM management has recently become apparent (Bachelot T et al Lancet Oncol 2013). Capecitabine and lapatinib in particular have been evaluated in HER2+ breast cancer BM (BCBM), but evidence for drug/metabolite CNS penetration is solely derived from preclinical animal models. In this study, we examined capecitabine, its metabolites, and lapatinib uptake in BCBMs resected due to medically indicated craniotomy. Methods: Study patients had BCBM requiring surgical resection. Patients with HER2-negative MBC received a single preoperative oral dose of capecitabine (1250mg/m 2 ) 2-3 hrs before surgery. Those with HER2+ MBC received 2-3 oral doses of lapatinib (1250mg) daily, the last dose 2-3 hrs before surgery. On the day of surgery, serum was collected serially starting just before drug administration, intraoperatively, and through one hour after the conclusion of surgery. The concentration of capecitabine, its metabolites, and lapatinib from serum and BM were measured using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS). Results: 10 patients enrolled; PK data is available for 9: 6 for capecitabine and 3 for lapatinib. Capecitabine, its intermediate metabolites, 5FU, and lapatinib were detected in all BMs. Tumor capecitabine and 5-FU concentrations ranged from 3% to 129% and from 168% to 1422%, respectively, of serum concentrations. For lapatinib, the range was 21% to 700%. In a number of the BMs, drug concentrations were in the therapeutic range, whereas in others the concentrations were up to 10 fold lower. Conclusions: This is the first study to show capecitabine and lapatinib were detected in clinically relevant concentrations in a number of non-irradiated human BCBMs. This provides evidence for their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, is consistent with prior published clinical activity, and supports further evaluation in a clinical setting prior to whole brain radiotherapy. Clinical trial information: NCT00795678.
INTERPRETING MULTIPLE MEASUREMENTS OF FUNCTIONAL STATUS IN CONTROLLED POSTURAL ORTHOSTATIC TACHYCARDIA SYNDROME (POTS) USING 6 MINUTE WALK TEST (6MWT)
Authors: Adnaan Sheikh, Sami Bin Alam, Mian Yasir Bilal, Hemanshi Mistry, Waiel Almardini, Somia Shaheen, Mian Farooq, Amer Suleman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
HSR20-111: Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, Healthcare Resource Use and Costs among Pediatric Patients Diagnosed with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and Plexiform Neurofibromas: A Retrospective Database Analysis
Authors: Xiaoqin Yang, Kaushal Desai, Neha Agrawal, Kirti Mirchandani, Sagnik Chatterjee, Eric Sarpong, Shuvayu Sen
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2020)

"HSR20-111: Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, Healthcare Resource Use and Costs among Pediatric Patients Diagnosed with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and Plexiform Neurofibromas: A Retrospective Database Analysis" published on 20 Mar 2020 by National Comprehensive Cancer Network.
Emotional burden and distress among caregivers of cancer patients.
Authors: Harpreet Sidhu, Mir Asif Alikhan, Michael Glasser
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e20722 Background: Due to the nature of the disease, caregivers of patients with cancer encounter high levels of burden and distress. Very little research has examined the needs of cancer caregivers and ways to address these needs. Health providers might overlook the emotional aspects of a disease and diagnosis, being occupied and busy with other aspects of patient care. Methods: Questionnaires with a focus on personal physical health, emotional health, care received, and medical care in general were handed out to patients and family members. Health providers were given similar questionnaires. Results: There were 45 participants in total: 18 health providers, 10 patients, and 17 family members. Similarities or differences between the attitudes of family members, health providers, and patients were found. Providers more negatively assessed the effect of a patient’s cancer on the well-being of family members than did patients/family members. Family member physical health was more negatively rated [P &lt; 0.001] by providers, as was family member emotional health [P&lt; 0.001]. Providers were also more likely to check distresses on the NCCN distress thermometer than were patients/family members. Responses were similar between urban and rural participants. Conclusions: Family members did not feel that the cancer diagnosis had affected their overall well-being in an overtly negative way. Health care providers believed that the cancer diagnosis had more of a negative effect on family member well-being. Future studies should look at attitudes of doctors/physicians versus other health providers to family member well-being after a patient’s cancer diagnosis.
A phase Ib/II study testing the safety and efficacy of combined inhibition of the AKT/PI3K and AR signaling pathways in castration-resistant prostate cancer: GDC-0068 or GDC-0980 with abiraterone acetate versus abiraterone acetate.
Authors: Roel Peter Funke, Jin Zhu, Raymond D. Meng, Yibing Yan, Luna C. Musib, Craig Charles Talluto, Premal H. Patel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

TPS2616 Background: Loss of PTEN, leading to activation of the AKT/PI3K pathway is frequent and associated with poor prognosis in prostate cancer. In addition, AR and AKT/PI3K cross-regulate by reciprocal feedback and combined inhibition of both pathways resulted in improved preclinical efficacy. This study is designed to evaluate the effect of combined inhibition of AR pathway (with abiraterone) and AKT/PI3K pathway (with either GDC-0068 or GDC-0980). GDC-0068 is a potent, selective ATP-competitive inhibitor of AKT1, 2, and 3. Preclinical studies showed that cell and tumor models with PTEN loss are more likely to be sensitive to GDC-0068. GDC-0068 was generally well tolerated in phase I and a MTD of 600 mg daily was identified. GDC-0980 is a potent pan-inhibitor of Class I PI3K and inhibits wild-type and mutated p110α isoforms, as well as mTOR kinase. The recommended phase II dose (RP2D) for single-agent GDC-0980 is 40 mg daily. Methods: This study will enroll CRPC patients previously treated with docetaxel. In phase Ib, the RP2D will be determined separately for GDC-0068 and GDC-0980 in combination with abiraterone 1000 mg qd and prednisone 5mg bid. In phase II, patients will be randomized 1:1:1 to receive GDC-0068 + abiraterone, GDC-0980 + abiraterone, or placebo + abiraterone. The primary endpoint of phase II is PFS measured by PCWG2 in all patients and in patients with PTEN loss. Secondary endpoints include OS, PSA response rate, ORR, safety, Pharmacokinetics and biomarker analyses. The effect of each treatment on the number of circulating tumor cells will be assessed. Primary and secondary analyses will include all randomized patients and will be conducted according to assigned treatment arm. Kaplan-Meier methodology will be used to estimate median PFS for each arm. Up to 24 patients are planned to be enrolled in phase Ib; 240 patients (80 per arm) are planned for phase II. This study is open for accrual; to date 2 patients have been enrolled in phase Ib.
SHORT-TERM MORTALITY AND USE OF MECHANICAL CIRCULATORY SUPPORT IN WOMEN WITH CARDIOGENIC SHOCK: SEX-RELATED DIFFERENCES
Authors: Mahmood Mubasher, Tausif Syed, Amir Hanafi, Amr Salama, Ninad Nadkarni, Erfan Alotaki, Cameron Hall, Mohan Rao, Abdullah Sayied Abdullah
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Characteristcs associated with complementary and alternative medicine use among racially and ethnically diverse long-term cancer survivors.
Authors: Stephanie Jean Sohl, Kathryn E. Weaver, Gurjeet Birdee, Erin E. Kent, Suzanne Danhauer, Ann S. Hamilton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e20532 Background: To identify the prevalence and predisposing, enabling and need for care characteristics of long-term adult cancer survivors who use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) modalities. Methods: We analyzed data from the Follow-up Care Use among Survivors (FOCUS) Survey, a cross-sectional population-based investigation of the follow-up care experiences among racially and ethnically diverse long-term (i.e., five years or more post-diagnosis) cancer survivors recruited from California NCI SEER registries. Ever and last year use of CAM modalities, as well as reasons for use, were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to identify if predisposing, enabling and need for care characteristics described in the CAM Healthcare Model were associated with CAM use in the past year. Results: Long-term cancer survivors in the study (N=1,666) were predominately female (62%) and older (mean age=69.5), with breast (24%), prostate 26(%), colorectal (25%), ovarian (13%) and endometrial cancers (12%). Forty-two percent of survivors used CAM in the past year to relieve stress (28%), treat or prevent cancer from coming back (22%), relieve cancer-related symptoms (18%) and help deal with another medical condition (18%). Certain predisposing (i.e., female gender, higher optimism) and need for care factors (i.e., experienced cancer-related symptoms in the past two years, ever had depression/anxiety) were significantly associated with CAM use (p-values&lt;0.05). Insurance coverage, financial resources, and receipt of cancer-related follow-up care were not associated with CAM use. Conclusions: Cancer survivors report a high prevalence of CAM use even years after their initial diagnosis. It is important for healthcare providers to be aware of the higher prevalence of CAM use among subgroups of cancer survivors (i.e., female, high in optimism, have experienced cancer-related symptoms, have a history of anxiety/depression) in order to communicate effectively about these modalities with their patients.