tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 190: Mechanism of <i>CDKN3</i> overexpression in cancer
Authors: Chao Fan, Lu Chen, Qingling Huang, Tao Shen, Eric A. Welsh, Jamie K. Teer, W Douglas Cress, Jie Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDKN3) is a dual specificity protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) known to dephosphorylate CDK1/2 on the activating Thr-161/Thr-160. Paradoxically, CDKN3 mRNA is often overexpressed in human cancer. It was reported that CDKN3 overexpression may be associated with splicing variants or mutations that produce dominant-negative CDKN3. We found that CDKN3 is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and that CDKN3 overexpression is prognostic of poor overall survival in three cohorts of lung adenocarcinoma. We next analyzed CDKN3 transcripts in a panel of 24 cell lines and lung adenocarcinoma tissues and also examined CDKN3 mutations in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Moffitt Cancer Center's Total Cancer Care® (TCC) projects. Two CDKN3 transcripts were detected in all samples. These CDKN3 transcripts represent the full length CDKN3 mRNA and a normal transcript lacking exon 2, which encodes an out of frame 23-amino acid peptide with little homology to CDKN3. CDKN3 mutations were very rare and no disruptive mutation was found. Significantly, in synchronized cell cultures, CDKN3 mRNA and protein were elevated during the mitosis phase of cell cycle. Furthermore, CDKN3 expression had the highest correlation with mitotic-associated genes in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Knocking down of CDKN3 prolonged the mitotic phase of cell cycle. Thus, CDKN3 overexpression in lung adenocarcinoma is not attributed to alternative splicing or mutation but is due to increased mitotic activity. Our data also suggest that CDKN3 is important for mitotic exit. Citation Format: Chao Fan, Lu Chen, Qingling Huang, Tao Shen, Eric A. Welsh, Jamie K. Teer, W Douglas Cress, Jie Wu. Mechanism of CDKN3 overexpression in cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 190.
Abortion care programme for students launches in summer
Authors: Kelly Brendel
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The British Pregnancy Advisory Service (BPAS) is launching a programme to raise awareness of abortion care and women’s reproductive health among medical students and trainee doctors.

The initiative has been introduced by BPAS in response to what Patricia Lohr, BPAS’s medical director, identifies as the “large numbers of students and trainees going through [medical school and training] without being exposed to abortion care services.”

Students and trainees participating in BPAS’s Reproductive Health Externships will have the opportunity to spend two weeks observing the work in their London based Streatham and Richmond clinics. The externship is meant to provide an insight into every stage of patient care from discussing pregnancy options, to medical assessment and ultrasound, consenting for treatment, and abortion procedures.

Lohr argues that undergraduate medical …
Abstract P3-11-06: Development and application of whole processing management for patients with breast carcinoma: A novel management strategy for breast health
Authors: J Chen, K Yu, G Liu, Z Shao, J Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract The reformation on the management strategy of patients led by medical institutions could show the real value of medical services and match the needs of both patients and physicians. A novel patient management strategy, the whole processing management mode, was developed in Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Based on the online tools, the e follow-up Wechat public platform, the department provides several humanistic medical services in every aspects of breast health management, such as education, screening and diagnosis, multi-disciplinary comprehensive treatment and follow-up, including the remote medical reports reading. After the application of the novel patient management mode, regular appointments before seeing doctors, triage on-demand are realized. Between Jun-2015 and March-2016, a total of 7,668 person-time patients made the reservation for chemotherapy and over two thousand patients made the reservation for endocrine therapy prescription through the online approach. The total volume of out-patient clinic was 169,246 person-time in 2015, gained a 26.8% increase compared with in 2014. However, the queuing time for consultation was deceased by 28.8% in 2015. The doctor-patient relationship is extended online and the follow-up rate is improved. Between Jun-2015 and December-2015, a total of 823 patients online submitted the medical reports during follow-up period, among those, four patients were found disease relapse or metastasis and were call back to the hospital for further treatment. The novel mode may promote the cooperation among the multi-disciplinary comprehensive treatment teams, realize the hierarchical medical system among the department, and provide guarantee for the clinical and basic research based on the principle of precision medicine. Citation Format: Chen J, Yu K, Liu G, Shao Z, Wu J. Development and application of whole processing management for patients with breast carcinoma: A novel management strategy for breast health [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-11-06.
Eyespy: February 2011
Authors: Anna Mead-Robson
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A weighty issue— Can you tell if you’re fat or slim? Don’t rely on your perception. A study of more than 2000 young women in Texas found that 23% of overweight (BMI > 25) participants believed themselves to be a healthy weight. Overweight African-American women were more likely to mistakenly perceive themselves as slim compared with their white counterparts (odds ratio 2.84; 95% confidence interval 1.79 to 4.50), as were women without a college education. Overweight women who could not correctly identify themselves as fat were less likely to attempt weight loss through diet and exercise. To tackle obesity, doctors should ask about weight perception and provide counselling if necessary, say researchers ( Obstet Gynaecol 2010;116:1274–80).

Finger length— A thorough hand examination can detect signs of many illnesses. To assess a man’s risk of developing prostate cancer, focus on his fingers. An observational study of more than 3500 men in the United Kingdom found that those whose index finger was longer than their ring finger were significantly less likely to develop prostate …
Abstract 4727: <i>TERT</i> SNPs and ovarian cancer risk
Authors: Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Sharon E. Johnatty, Jonathan Beesley, Xiaoqing Chen, Anna deFazio, Natalie Gava, Penelope M. Webb, Andrew Berchuck, David N. Rider, Ellen L. Goode
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract There is increasing evidence that neighboring stromal cells are not uninvolved bystanders in the pathway to cancer. We hypothesized that SNPs in genes expressed as a consequence of interactions between ovarian cancer cells and the host micro-environment could contribute to ovarian cancer susceptibility. We therefore used a two-stage approach to comprehensively evaluate common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC) for 173 genes involved in stromal-epithelial interactions. Cases with epithelial ovarian cancer (n=675) and controls (n=1,162) were genotyped at 1536 SNPs using an Illumina GoldenGate™ BeadArray array. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and adjust for potential confounders. Based on Positive Predictive Value estimates, three SNPs - PODXL rs1013368, ITGA6 rs13027811 and MMP3 rs522616 - were selected for replication using TaqMan genotyping in 3,734 serous invasive cases and 10,067 controls from 16 OCAC case-control studies. An additional 18 SNPs with Pper-allele &amp;lt;0.05 in the test set, and which fitted into an iPLEX design, were selected for replication by a subset of five OCAC studies (n=1771 serous invasive cases; n=4022 controls). The associations observed in the test set for the PODXL, ITGA6 and MMP3 SNPs were completely attenuated in the replication set (adj. Pper-allele ≥0.5). However, TERT rs7726159 showed evidence of a log additive association with ovarian cancer risk in the replication study (Pper-allele =0.03). Combined analysis of the test and replication sets for this SNP showed a significant association with risk of serous ovarian cancer among non-Hispanic whites [adj. ORper-allele 1.14 (1.04 - 1.24) p = 0.003]. A stronger association was observed for serous invasive cases when data for all ethnicities were included [adj. ORper-allele 1.18 (1.09 - 1.28) p = 2.46 × 10−5]. Stratification by histological subtype and malignant potential showed that TERT rs7726159 was also associated with risk of serous borderline tumors, but not with any other subtypes. Although TERT variants have not been previously reported to be associated with ovarian cancer, multiple genome-wide association studies have reported associations with this locus and risk of glioma, basal cell carcinoma, and several cancer types that are known to originate in the epithelium, including lung, bladder, prostate and cervical cancer. Further analysis of this locus is necessary to definitively identify the causal SNP(s). Our study adds to the growing evidence that, as well as 8q24, the TERT locus at 5p15.33, is a general cancer susceptibility locus. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4727.
Fibrosing Cholestatic Hepatitis–Like Syndrome in an Immunocompetent Patient With an Acute Flare of Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Nigel Sutherland, Christopher Foong Dhin Li Wai Suen, Christopher Mills, Julie Lokan, Marie Sinclair
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Sutherland, Nigel; Li Wai Suen, Christopher Foong Dhin; Mills, Christopher; Lokan, Julie; Sinclair, Marie Author Information
Useful apps for OSCE practice
Authors: Tom Lewis
Journal: BMJ (2012)

OSCE (objective structured clinical examination) time can be a stressful time for many medical students who might feel underprepared and inexperienced. In this article we give an overview of the most useful apps for OSCE practice. 







-Free (offers in-app purchases, £3.99 to unlock all content) 

-Android (4.4/5 from 238 reviews) 

-Apple (4/5 from 22 reviews) 

They say: “Learn on the go with our comprehensive collection of high quality OSCE guides covering a wide range of commonly tested clinical skills.”

Features 

-Guides to the following OSCEs: cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, neurology, musculoskeletal, endocrine, obstetrics & gynaecology, ear, nose & throat, breast examination, clinical procedures and communication skills 

-Video demonstrations and images 

-Checklist mark schemes 

-Customisable timer 

Student BMJ’s verdict: 

This is one of the few OSCE apps on the market which includes videos and images of the clinical examinations, as well as text. Most of the content is locked until paid for. 









-Free - offers in-app purchase of £1.49 

-Android (4/5 from 61 reviews)

-Not available for Apple devices

They say 

“Revision aide for medical OSCE examinations. Contains 47 mock OSCE sheets, which provides a checklist for students to work through in pairs, checking off each item to ensure correct procedure” 

Features 

-47 mock OSCE checklists

- Stations include history-taking, practical and clinical skills 

- Available in test and practical mode

- Timer mode

- Exam mode which runs consecutive, random stations 

Student BMJ’s verdict 

You have to pay for the clinical OSCE checklists, but the free material is good quality. The app is easy to use and well designed. Being able to …
Erratum to ‘The role of angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitors in cardiovascular disease—existing evidence, knowledge gaps, and future directions' [Eur J Heart Fail 2018;20:963–972]
Authors: Andrew P. Ambrosy, Robert J. Mentz, Mona Fiuzat, John G.F. Cleland, Stephen J. Greene, Christopher M. O'Connor, John R. Teerlink, Faiez Zannad, Scott D. Solomon
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2019)
Intratumoral Adaptive Immunosuppression and Type 17 Immunity in Mismatch Repair Proficient Colorectal Tumors
Authors: Nicolas J. Llosa, Brandon Luber, Ada J. Tam, Kellie N. Smith, Nicholas Siegel, Anas H. Awan, Hongni Fan, Teniola Oke, JiaJia Zhang, Jada Domingue, Elizabeth L. Engle, Charles A. Roberts, Bjarne R. Bartlett, Laveet K. Aulakh, Elizabeth D. Thompson, Janis M. Taube, Jennifer N. Durham, Cynthia L. Sears, Dung T. Le, Luis A. Diaz, Drew M. Pardoll, Hao Wang, Robert A. Anders, Franck Housseau
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Approximately 10% of patients with mismatch repair-proficient (MMRp) colorectal cancer showed clinical benefit to anti-PD-1 monotherapy (NCT01876511). We sought to identify biomarkers that delineate patients with immunoreactive colorectal cancer and to explore new combinatorial immunotherapy strategies that can impact MMRp colorectal cancer.
Preexisting Commensal Dysbiosis Is a Host-Intrinsic Regulator of Tissue Inflammation and Tumor Cell Dissemination in Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Claire Buchta Rosean, Raegan R. Bostic, Joshua C.M. Ferey, Tzu-Yu Feng, Francesca N. Azar, Kenneth S. Tung, Mikhail G. Dozmorov, Ekaterina Smirnova, Paula D. Bos, Melanie R. Rutkowski
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract It is unknown why some patients with hormone receptor–positive (HR+) breast cancer present with more aggressive and invasive disease. Metastatic dissemination occurs early in disease and is facilitated by cross-talk between the tumor and tissue environment, suggesting that undefined host-intrinsic factors enhance early dissemination and the probability of developing metastatic disease. Here, we have identified commensal dysbiosis as a host-intrinsic factor associated with metastatic dissemination. Using a mouse model of HR+ mammary cancer, we demonstrate that a preestablished disruption of commensal homeostasis results in enhanced circulating tumor cells and subsequent dissemination to the tumor-draining lymph nodes and lungs. Commensal dysbiosis promoted early inflammation within the mammary gland that was sustained during HR+ mammary tumor progression. Furthermore, dysbiosis enhanced fibrosis and collagen deposition both systemically and locally within the tumor microenvironment and induced significant myeloid infiltration into the mammary gland and breast tumor. These effects were recapitulated both by directly targeting gut microbes using nonabsorbable antibiotics and by fecal microbiota transplantation of dysbiotic cecal contents, demonstrating the direct impact of gut dysbiosis on mammary tumor dissemination. This study identifies dysbiosis as a preexisting, host-intrinsic regulator of tissue inflammation, myeloid recruitment, fibrosis, and dissemination of tumor cells in HR+ breast cancer. Significance: Identification of commensal dysbiosis as a host-intrinsic factor mediating evolution of metastatic breast cancer allows for development of interventions or diagnostic tools for patients at highest risk for developing metastatic disease. See related commentary by Ingman, p. 3539
Psoriasis and Risk of Mental Disorders in Denmark
Authors: Michelle Z. Leisner, Jette L. Riis, Sara Schwartz, Lars Iversen, Søren D. Østergaard, Morten S. Olsen
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

This study examines the association between psoriasis and subsequent development of mental disorder using data on individuals with at least 2 hospital- or outpatient-based diagnoses of psoriasis from population-based registries covering all Danish hospitals.
Abstract OT1-01-04: Phase 1 study of D-0502, an orally bioavailable SERD with optimized pharmacological and PK/PD property for ER-positive breast cancer
Authors: L Zhang, D Dai, Z Shi, J Jiang, Y Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Endocrine therapy such as selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) fulvestrant has been used effectively to extend the life of HR+ (ER+ and PR+) and HER2- breast cancer patient, either alone or in combination with CDK4/6 inhibitors such as palbociclib or abemaciclib. D-0502 is an orally bioavailable SERD with potent activity in various HR+ and HER2- breast cancer cell lines and xenograft models. Its combination with palbociclib in both MCF-7 xenograft model and ESR-1 mutated (Y537S) patient derived breast cancer xenograft models resulted in further tumor growth inhibition or regression. Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic studies both in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that D-0502 exhibits favorable PK profiles suitable for clinical development. Trial Design: D-0502 is currently being evaluated in a phase 1 trial of women with advanced or metastatic HR+, HER2- breast cancer (MBC) (NCT03471663). This is a multicenter, open-label phase I study of D-0502 single agent and D-0502 in combination with standard dose of palbociclib. The primary objective is to characterize the safety and tolerability of D-0502 and D-0502 in combination with palbociclib, to identify an MTD and/or RP2D. The secondary objective is to evaluate the PK properties and the preliminary anti-tumor activities. Patients will receive D-0502 orally every day and treatment will be administered as 28-day cycles. The study has two parts: Dose Escalation (phase 1a) and Dose Expansion and Combination (phase 1b). In phase Ia, patients will be enrolled using a conventional dose-escalation algorithm (3+3 subjects per dose level) with 4 sequential dose cohorts to identify the MTD and RDE (recommended dose for expansion) in phase 1b) which will be at or below MTD. In phase 1b, there will be 2 cohorts, one is D-0502 single agent administered at RDE and the other is D-0502 in combination with standard dose of palbociclib, each with approximately 12 patients. Key Eligibility Criteria: Eligible patients included women with confirmed HR+, HER2- MBC who have previously received no more than 2 prior chemotherapies for MBC; ECOG 0-1; evaluable (phase 1a) or measurable (phase 1b) disease (RECIST v1.1); premenopausal or postmenopausal status; adequate hematologic, hepatic and renal functions. Current Status and Contact Information: At the time of abstract submission, the first cohort of 50 mg patients have started the study treatment. For inquiry of the study, please contact ling.zhang@inventisbio.com. Citation Format: Zhang L, Dai D, Shi Z, Jiang J, Wang Y. Phase 1 study of D-0502, an orally bioavailable SERD with optimized pharmacological and PK/PD property for ER-positive breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT1-01-04.
SCRABBLE: single-cell RNA-seq imputation constrained by bulk RNA-seq data
Authors: Tao Peng, Qin Zhu, Penghang Yin, Kai Tan
Journal: Genome biology (2019)

Single-cell RNA-seq data contain a large proportion of zeros for expressed genes. Such dropout events present a fundamental challenge for various types of data analyses. Here, we describe the SCRABBLE algorithm to address this problem. SCRABBLE leverages bulk data as a constraint and reduces unwanted bias towards expressed genes during imputation. Using both simulation and several types of experimental data, we demonstrate that SCRABBLE outperforms the existing methods in recovering dropout events, capturing true distribution of gene expression across cells, and preserving gene-gene relationship and cell-cell relationship in the data.
Abstract P5-09-21: Not presented
Authors: L Servais, A Gardner, M Gomes, AD Zimmer, A Silvestrini, R Siqueira de Abreu e Lima
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Servais L, Gardner A, Gomes M, Zimmer AD, Silvestrini A, Siqueira de Abreu e Lima R. Not presented [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-09-21.
Abstract P1-12-02: Withdrawn
Authors: IY Chung, H Hur, J Lee, JW Lee, HJ Youn, K Han, NW Kim, S-Y Jung, Z Kim, KS Kim, MH Lee, S-H Han, SH Jung
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract This abstract was withdrawn by the authors. Citation Format: Chung IY, Hur H, Lee J, Lee JW, Youn HJ, Han K, Kim NW, Jung S-Y, Kim Z, Kim KS, Lee MH, Han S-H, Jung SH. Withdrawn [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-12-02.
Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment.
Authors: Laura K. Tom
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Case Files Internal Medicine (3rd edition) is an excellent internal medicine review book written especially for medical students in their clinical years. It is perfect for clerkships, sub-internships, shelf, and USMLE exams. Sized to fit in the pocket of a white coat for easy portability, this book offers an engaging and high-yield review of internal medicine. It promotes active learning, using patient presentations and thought-provoking questions to encourage deeper thinking about clinical problems. The format will be comfortable for anyone who has spent time on the wards learning from patients and engaging in problem-based learning. The introduction begins with an explanation of how to think clinically and to maximize the use of the content. Sixty cases are presented that cover a wide spectrum of commonly encountered diagnoses seen in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Each case presentation is followed by a prompt for the diagnosis and the next step in management or treatment. These are followed by discussions on pathophysiology and clinical management, several boards-style questions, and lists of clinical pearls that all serve to reinforce concepts for the student. The questions reflect what would be seen on shelf and USMLE exams, and the answer explanations are cogent and relevant, especially when used in combination with the topic reviews. References are provided at the end of each case for students who desire to study more in-depth material. Overall, the writing is simple and easy to understand, and the images, algorithms, tables, and clinical pearls emphasize key points that can easily be found for future reference. This book is highly recommended to supplement internal medicine clerkships and sub-internships and to prepare for shelf and USMLE exams.
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factors in Therapy-Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Henry G. Kaplan, Judith A. Malmgren, Gregory S. Calip
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

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