tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnant Women via Telemedicine
Authors: Constance Guille, Annie N. Simpson, Edie Douglas, Lisa Boyars, Kathryn Cristaldi, James McElligott, Donna Johnson, Kathleen Brady
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> There are high rates of maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality associated with opioid use disorder (OUD). Integrating OUD treatment in obstetric practices for pregnant and postpartum women via telemedicine can increase access to care and reduce the consequences of OUD. Evaluation of this care delivery model, however, is needed before widespread adoption. <h3>Objective</h3> To compare maternal and newborn outcomes among pregnant women with OUD receiving care via telemedicine vs in person. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A nonrandomized controlled trial including 98 women receiving perinatal OUD treatment in 4 outpatient obstetric practices by telemedicine or in person and followed up until 6 to 8 weeks post partum was conducted from September 4, 2017, to December 31, 2018. Logistic regression with propensity score adjustment was applied to reduce group selection bias and control for potentially confounding variables. <h3>Interventions</h3> Participants were seen weekly for 4 weeks, every 2 weeks for 4 weeks, and monthly thereafter and provided relapse prevention therapy and buprenorphine. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The outcomes were retention in treatment, defined as uninterrupted addiction treatment during pregnancy through 6 to 8 weeks post partum; urine drug screen results at delivery and 6 to 8 weeks post partum; and a neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) diagnosis collected via electronic health records. <h3>Results</h3> The mean (SD) age of the 98 pregnant women was 30.23 (5.12) years. Of these, 41 of 44 women (93.2%) in the telemedicine group and 48 of 54 women (88.9%) in the in-person group chose to continue treatment in the program after an initial evaluation. After propensity score weighting and doubly robust estimation, no significant differences were found between groups in retention in treatment at 6 to 8 weeks post partum (telemedicine: 80.4% vs in person: 92.7%; treatment effect, −12.2%; 95% CI, −32.3% to −4.4%). Similarly, after propensity score weighting and doubly robust estimation, there were no significant group differences in rates of NAS (telemedicine: 45.4% vs in person: 63.2%; treatment effect, −17.8%; 95% CI, −41.0% to 8.9%). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this nonrandomized controlled trial, virtually integrated OUD care in obstetric practices produced similar maternal and newborn outcomes compared with in-person care. These findings may have important public health implications for combatting the opioid crisis and its consequences on pregnant women and their families. Future large randomized clinical trials are needed. <h3>Clinical Trial Registration</h3> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT04049032
Dermatopathologists’ Experience With and Perceptions of Patient Online Access to Pathologic Test Result Reports
Authors: Hannah Shucard, Michael W. Piepkorn, Lisa M. Reisch, Kathleen F. Kerr, Andrea C. Radick, Pin-Chieh Wang, Stevan R. Knezevich, Raymond L. Barnhill, David E. Elder, Joann G. Elmore
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Many patients presently have access to their pathologic test result reports via online patient portals, yet little is known about pathologists' perspective on this topic. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine dermatopathologists' experience and perceptions of patient online access to pathology reports. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A survey of 160 dermatopathologists currently practicing in the United States who are board certified and/or fellowship trained in dermatopathology was conducted between July 15, 2018, and September 23, 2019. Those who reported interpreting skin biopsies of melanocytic lesions within the previous year and expected to continue interpreting them for the next 2 years were included. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Dermatopathologists' demographic and clinical characteristics, experiences with patient online access to pathologic test result reports, potential behaviors and reactions to patient online access to those reports, and effects on patients who read their pathologic test result reports online. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 160 participating dermatopathologists from the 226 eligible for participation (71% response rate), 107 were men (67%); mean (SD) age was 49 (9.7) years (range, 34-77 years). Ninety-one participants (57%) reported that patients have contacted them directly about pathologic test reports they had written. Some participants noted that they would decrease their use of abbreviations and/or specialized terminology (57 [36%]), change the way they describe lesions suspicious for cancer (29 [18%]), and need specialized training in communicating with patients (39 [24%]) if patients were reading their reports. Most respondents perceived that patient understanding would increase (97 [61%]) and the quality of patient-physician communication would increase (98 [61%]) owing to the availability of online reports. Slightly higher proportions perceived increased patient worry (114 [71%]) and confusion (116 [73%]). However, on balance, most participants (114 [71%]) agreed that making pathologic test result reports available to patients online is a good idea. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Dermatopathologists in this survey study perceived both positive and negative consequences of patient online access to pathologic test result reports written by the respondents. Most participants believe that making pathologic test result reports available to patients online is a good idea; however, they also report concerns about patient worry and confusion increasing as a result. Further research regarding best practices and the effect on both patients and clinicians is warranted.
Abstract P063: The Overall Burden of Pre-diabetes and Diabetes in Luxembourg: Resembling the US Scenario
Authors: Saverio Stranges, Maria Ruiz-Castell, Carine De Beaufort, Jessica Barré, Nathalie De Rekeneire, Georges Michel, Richard P Donahue, Andrea Kuemmerle, Valery Bocquet
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Type 2 diabetes is an increasingly prevalent disease affecting 422 million adults in the world in 2014. Its surveillance and timely detection are necessary steps to control associated comorbidities. While several national population-based studies in Western European countries have reported diabetes prevalence and associated risk factors, there has been a limited focus on pre-diabetes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of pre-diabetes and diabetes in the general adult population of Luxembourg. Methods: Within the framework of the Luxembourg European Health Examination Survey (EHES-LUX), a cross-sectional study was conducted between 2013 and 2015, based on a random sample from the general population. 1451 residents of Luxembourg (25-64 years old) were included. Diabetes, unknown diabetes and pre-diabetes participants were defined by glycemia measures, self-reported medication over the last 2 weeks and medical diagnosis. Logistic regressions analyses adjusted on sex, age and region were performed to determine the factors associated with pre-diabetes and diabetes. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (MVOR) were calculated. The explanatory variables were biological and anthropometric indicators as well as patient’s socio-economic status and lifestyle. We considered P &lt; 0.05 to be statistically significant. Results: The national standardized prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes in Luxembourg was 23.7% and 5.8% respectively. We observed a deleterious association between diabetes status and age (MVOR=1.05 [1.01-1.09]), family history of diabetes (MVOR=3.25 [1.95-5.40]), abdominal obesity (MVOR=2.62 [1.53-4.49]), hypertension (MVOR=3.20 [1.78-5.73]), and triglycerides (MVOR=1.08 [1.05-1.12]) whereas a protective association occurred with total cholesterol (MVOR=0.84 [0.78-0.92]). Moreover, we observed a deleterious association between pre-diabetes status and age (MVOR=1.04 [1.02-1.06]), male sex (MVOR=1.83 [1.30-2.58]), family history of diabetes (MVOR=1.52 [1.13-2.05]) and abdominal obesity (MVOR=1.44 [1.06-1.96]) whereas a protective association occurred with second generation immigrants (MVOR=0.63 [0.41-0.98]) and serum HDL (MVOR=0.83 [0.72-0.95]). Conclusions: In Luxembourg, an unexpectedly high number of adults may be affected by pre-diabetes and unknown diabetes. These values are close to US prevalence estimates, and are certainly among the highest values in Western European countries, emphasizing even more that these conditions should be prioritized as a public health threat for the country, requesting measures for improved detection and surveillance, especially in the primary care setting.
Multimodal and multiscale optical imaging of nanomedicine delivery across the blood-brain barrier upon sonopermeation
Authors: Jan-Niklas May, Susanne K. Golombek, Maike Baues, Anshuman Dasgupta, Natascha Drude, Anne Rix, Dirk Rommel, Saskia von Stillfried, Lia Appold, Robert Pola, Michal Pechar, Louis van Bloois, Gert Storm, Alexander J. C. Kuehne, Felix Gremse, Benjamin Theek, Fabian Kiessling, Twan Lammers
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Background: Docetaxel and doxorubicin combination has been widely used in anaplastic thyroid cancer/ATC treatment but often results in serious adverse effects and drug resistance.Resveratrol effectively inhibits ATC cell proliferation in vitro without affecting the corresponding normal cells, while its in vivo anti-ATC effects especially on the ones with docetaxel/doxorubicin-resistance have not been reported due to its low bioavailability.Nanoparticles with sustained-release and cancer-targeting features may overcome this therapeutic bottleneck. Methods:The resveratrol nanoparticles with sustained-release and IL-13Rα2-targeting capacities (Pep-1-PEG3.5k-PCL4k@Res)were prepared to improve the in vivo resveratrol bioavailability.Human THJ-16T ATC cell line was employed to establish nude mice subcutaneous transplantation model.The tumor-bearing mice were divided into four groups as Group-1, without treatment, Group-2, treated by 30 mg/kg free resveratrol, Group-3, treated by 30 mg/kg Pep-1-PEG3.5k-PCL4k@Res and Group-4, treated by 5 mg/kg docetaxel/5 mg/kg doxorubicin combination.TUNEL staining was used to detect the apoptotic cells in the tumor tissues.Docetaxel/doxorubicin resistant xenografts named as THJ-16T/R were isolated and subjected to 2D and 3D culture.The docetaxel/doxorubicin and resveratrol sensitivities of the original THJ-16T and THJ-16T/R cells were analyzed by multiple methods.Results: Docetaxel/doxorubicin and Pep-1-PEG3.5k-PCL4k@Res but not free resveratrol significantly delayed tumor growth (P < 0.01) and caused extensive apoptosis.The mice in docetaxel/doxorubicintreated group suffered from weight loss (> 10%) and 2/3 of them died within 3 times of treatment and the chemotherapy was stop to avoid further animal loss.One week after drug withdrawal, the subcutaneous tumors regrew and the tumor volume increased 55.28% within 14 days.The cells isolated from the regrowing tumors (THJ-16T/R) were successfully cultured under 2D and 3D condition and underwent drug treatments.Compared with THJ-16T, the death rate of docetaxel/doxorubicin-treated THJ-16T/R population was lower (39.3%vs 18.0%), which remained almost unchanged in resveratrol-treated group (45.3% vs 49.3%). Conclusion:Resveratrol sustained-release targeting nanoparticles effectively inhibit in vivo ATC growth.Docetaxel/doxorubicin suppresses ATC xenografts but causes obvious side effects and secondary drug resistance that can be overcome by resveratrol.
Should oral anticoagulation be discontinued after 3 months in the setting of a first high-risk pulmonary embolism secondary to a major transient/reversible risk factor?
Authors: Hans Slabbynck, Johan Clukers, Daniella Galdermans
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

<b>Oral anticoagulation should be discontinued after 3 months for a first episode of pulmonary embolism secondary to a major transient/reversible risk factor, nevertheless some caution is needed in patients presenting with high-risk pulmonary embolism</b>http://bit.ly/2NIdmQl
Reply to Charalampos Fragkoulis, Georgios Papadopoulos, and Konstantinos Ntoumas’s Letter to the Editor re: Francesco Del Giudice, Giovanni Barchetti, Ettore De Berardinis, et al. Prospective Assessment of Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) and its Clinical Impact on the Management of High-risk Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Patients Candidate for Repeated Transurethral Resection. Eur Urol 2020;77:101–9
Authors: Francesco Del Giudice, James W.F. Catto, Valeria Panebianco
Journal: European Urology (2020)
Cytotoxic CD4+ T lymphocytes may induce endothelial cell apoptosis in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Takashi Maehara, Naoki Kaneko, Cory A. Perugino, Hamid Mattoo, Jesper Kers,, Hugues Allard-Chamard, Vinay S. Mahajan, Hang Liu, Samuel J.H. Murphy, Musie Ghebremichael, David Fox, Aimee S. Payne, Robert Lafyatis, John H. Stone, Dinesh Khanna, Shiv Pillai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune fibrotic disease whose pathogenesis is poorly understood and lacks effective therapies. We undertook quantitative analyses of T cell infiltrates in the skin of 35 untreated patients with early diffuse SSc and here show that CD4+ cytotoxic T cells and CD8+ T cells contribute prominently to these infiltrates. We also observed an accumulation of apoptotic cells in SSc tissues, suggesting that recurring cell death may contribute to tissue damage and remodeling in this fibrotic disease. HLA-DR-expressing endothelial cells were frequent targets of apoptosis in SSc, consistent with the prominent vasculopathy seen in patients with this disease. A circulating effector population of cytotoxic CD4+ T cells, which exhibited signatures of enhanced metabolic activity, was clonally expanded in patients with systemic sclerosis. These data suggest that cytotoxic T cells may induce the apoptotic death of endothelial and other cells in systemic sclerosis. Cell loss driven by immune cells may be followed by overly exuberant tissue repair processes that lead to fibrosis and tissue dysfunction.
Molecular Networks of the EGFR-TKI Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: How to Apply New Technologies to Bench-to-Bed Research
Authors: T. Yoshida, G. Zhang, Y. Bai, B. Fang, B. Rawal, K.J. Fisher, A. Chen, T. Okabe, I. Okamoto, K. Nakagawa, E.B. Haura
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
中心体のクラスタリングの新規阻害剤であるGF-15は,In VitroおよびIn Vivoでの腫瘍細胞の増殖を抑制する
Authors: S Raab Marc, Breitkreutz Iris, Anderhub Simon, H Ronnest Mads, Leber Blanka, O Larsen Thomas, Weiz Ludmila, Konotop Gleb, J Hayden Patrick, Podar Klaus, Fruehauf Johannes, Nissen Felix, Mier Walter, Haberkorn Uwe, D Ho Anthony, Goldschmidt Hartmut, C Anderson Kenneth, H Clausen Mads, Kraemer Alwin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)
Prototypic Heptamethine Cyanine Incorporating Nanomaterials for Cancer Phototheragnostic
Authors: Miguel M. Leitão, Duarte de Melo‐Diogo, Cátia G. Alves, Rita Lima‐Sousa, Ilídio J. Correia
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Abstract Developing technologies that allow the simultaneous diagnosis and treatment of cancer (theragnostic) has been the quest of numerous interdisciplinary research teams. In this context, nanomaterials incorporating prototypic near infrared (NIR)‐light responsive heptamethine cyanines have been showing very promising results for cancer theragnostic. The precisely engineered features of these nanomaterials endow them with the ability to achieve a high tumor accumulation, enabling a tumor's visualization by NIR fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging modalities. Upon interaction with NIR light, the tumor‐homed heptamethine cyanine‐incorporating nanomaterials can also produce a photothermal/photodynamic effect with a high spatio‐temporal resolution and minimal side effects, leading to an improved therapeutic outcome. This progress report analyses the application of nanomaterials incorporating prototypic NIR‐light responsive heptamethine cyanines (IR775, IR780, IR783, IR797, IR806, IR808, IR820, IR825, IRDye 800CW, and Cypate) for cancer photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and imaging. Overall, the continuous development of nanomaterials incorporating the prototypic NIR absorbing heptamethine cyanines will cement their phototheragnostic capabilities.
Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection of a gastric lesion: a double-sided approach
Authors: Ana Carbajo, Jordan Katz, Iman Andalib, Resheed Alkhiari, Michel Kahaleh
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

In recent years, endoscopic procedures such as endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) and submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection have been used to resect submucosal lesions [1]. Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection is an adaption of both the peroral endoscopic myotomy and endoscopic submucosal dissection techniques. We present a case of a submucosal lesion resected using submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection with a double-sided approach.
NEDD8活性酵素阻害剤MLN4924は,びまん性大細胞型B細胞リンパ腫モデルにおいて活性がある:NF-κB依存性リンパ腫治療の理論的説明
Authors: A Milhollen Michael, Traore Tary, Adams-Duffy Jennifer, P Thomas Michael, J Berger Allison, Dang Lenny, R Dick Lawrence, J Garnsey James, Koenig Erik, P Langston Steven, Manfredi Mark, Narayanan Usha, Rolfe Mark, M Staudt Louis, A Soucy Teresa, Yu Jie, Zhang Julie, B Bolen Joseph, G Smith Peter
Journal: Blood (2010)
Correction to: Reduced sphingolipid hydrolase activities, substrate accumulation and ganglioside decline in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Mylene Huebecker, Elizabeth B. Moloney, Aarnoud C. van der Spoel, David A. Priestman, Ole Isacson, Penelope J. Hallett, Frances M. Platt
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2020)

The original article [1] contains an error in the y-axes of Fig. 8's sub-figures whereby 'CSF' is mistakenly mentioned instead of 'serum'.
Yield of a Public Health Screening of Children for Islet Autoantibodies in Bavaria, Germany
Authors: Anette-Gabriele Ziegler, Kerstin Kick, Ezio Bonifacio, Florian Haupt, Markus Hippich, Desiree Dunstheimer, Martin Lang, Otto Laub, Katharina Warncke, Karin Lange, Robin Assfalg, Manja Jolink, Christiane Winkler, Peter Achenbach
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Public health screening for type 1 diabetes in its presymptomatic stages may reduce disease severity and burden on a population level.To determine the prevalence of presymptomatic type 1 diabetes in children participating in a public health screening program for islet autoantibodies and the risk for progression to clinical diabetes.Screening for islet autoantibodies was offered to children aged 1.75 to 5.99 years in Bavaria, Germany, between 2015 and 2019 by primary care pediatricians during well-baby visits. Families of children with multiple islet autoantibodies (presymptomatic type 1 diabetes) were invited to participate in a program of diabetes education, metabolic staging, assessment of psychological stress associated with diagnosis, and prospective follow-up for progression to clinical diabetes until July 31, 2019.Measurement of islet autoantibodies.The primary outcome was presymptomatic type 1 diabetes, defined by 2 or more islet autoantibodies, with categorization into stages 1 (normoglycemia), 2 (dysglycemia), or 3 (clinical) type 1 diabetes. Secondary outcomes were the frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis and parental psychological stress, assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (range, 0-27; higher scores indicate worse depression; ≤4 indicates no to minimal depression; >20 indicates severe depression).Of 90 632 children screened (median [interquartile range {IQR}] age, 3.1 [2.1-4.2] years; 48.5% girls), 280 (0.31%; 95% CI, 0.27-0.35) had presymptomatic type 1 diabetes, including 196 (0.22%) with stage 1, 17 (0.02%) with stage 2, 26 (0.03%) with stage 3, and 41 who were not staged. After a median (IQR) follow-up of 2.4 (1.0-3.2) years, another 36 children developed stage 3 type 1 diabetes. The 3-year cumulative risk for stage 3 type 1 diabetes in the 280 children with presymptomatic type 1 diabetes was 24.9% ([95% CI, 18.5%-30.7%]; 54 cases; annualized rate, 9.0%). Two children had diabetic ketoacidosis. Median (IQR) psychological stress scores were significantly increased at the time of metabolic staging in mothers of children with presymptomatic type 1 diabetes (3 [1-7]) compared with mothers of children without islet autoantibodies (2 [1-4]) (P = .002), but declined after 12 months of follow-up (2 [0-4]) (P < .001).Among children aged 2 to 5 years in Bavaria, Germany, a program of primary care-based screening showed an islet autoantibody prevalence of 0.31%. These findings may inform considerations of population-based screening of children for islet autoantibodies.
Chromatin-Modifying Enzymes in T Cell Development
Authors: Michael J. Shapiro, Virginia Smith Shapiro
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2020)

T cell development involves stepwise progression through defined stages that give rise to multiple T cell subtypes, and this is accompanied by the establishment of stage-specific gene expression. Changes in chromatin accessibility and chromatin modifications accompany changes in gene expression during T cell development. Chromatin-modifying enzymes that add or reverse covalent modifications to DNA and histones have a critical role in the dynamic regulation of gene expression throughout T cell development. As each chromatin-modifying enzyme has multiple family members that are typically all coexpressed during T cell development, their function is sometimes revealed only when two related enzymes are concurrently deleted. This work has also revealed that the biological effects of these enzymes often involve regulation of a limited set of targets. The growing diversity in the types and sites of modification, as well as the potential for a single enzyme to catalyze multiple modifications, is also highlighted.
Gene therapy for neurodegenerative disorders: advances, insights and prospects
Authors: Wei Chen, Yang Hu, Dianwen Ju
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2020)

Gene therapy is rapidly emerging as a powerful therapeutic strategy for a wide range of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD). Some early clinical trials have failed to achieve satisfactory therapeutic effects. Efforts to enhance effectiveness are now concentrating on three major fields: identification of new vectors, novel therapeutic targets, and reliable of delivery routes for transgenes. These approaches are being assessed closely in preclinical and clinical trials, which may ultimately provide powerful treatments for patients. Here, we discuss advances and challenges of gene therapy for neurodegenerative disorders, highlighting promising technologies, targets, and future prospects.