tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Decline Over Time in Patients With Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: Tetz C. Lee, Min Qian, Yutong Liu, Susan Graham, Douglas L. Mann, Koki Nakanishi, John R. Teerlink, Gregory Y.H. Lip, Ronald S. Freudenberger, Ralph L. Sacco, Jay P. Mohr, Arthur J. Labovitz, Piotr Ponikowski, Dirk J. Lok, Kenji Matsumoto, Conrado Estol, Stefan D. Anker, Patrick M. Pullicino, Richard Buchsbaum, Bruce Levin, John L.P. Thompson, Shunichi Homma, Marco R. Di Tullio
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2019)
Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students—United States, 1999
Authors: René A Arrazola, Tushar Singh, Catherine G Corey, Corinne G Husten, Linda J Neff, Benjamin J Apelberg, Rebecca E Bunnell, Conrad J Choiniere, Brian A King, Shanna Cox, Tim McAfee, Ralph S Caraballo
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Tobacco use and addiction most often begin during youth and young adulthood. Youth use of tobacco in any form is unsafe. To determine the prevalence and trends of current (past 30-day) use of nine tobacco products (cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, e-cigarettes, hookahs, tobacco pipes, snus, dissolvable tobacco, and bidis) among U.S. middle (grades 6-8) and high school (grades 9-12) students, CDC and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) analyzed data from the 2011-2014 National Youth Tobacco Surveys (NYTS). In 2014, e-cigarettes were the most commonly used tobacco product among middle (3.9%) and high (13.4%) school students. Between 2011 and 2014, statistically significant increases were observed among these students for current use of both e-cigarettes and hookahs (p<0.05), while decreases were observed for current use of more traditional products, such as cigarettes and cigars, resulting in no change in overall tobacco use. Consequently, 4.6 million middle and high school students continue to be exposed to harmful tobacco product constituents, including nicotine. Nicotine exposure during adolescence, a critical window for brain development, might have lasting adverse consequences for brain development, causes addiction, and might lead to sustained tobacco use. For this reason, comprehensive and sustained strategies are needed to prevent and reduce the use of all tobacco products among youths in the United States.
A meta-analysis of clinical studies conducted during the West Africa Ebola virus disease outbreak confirms the need for randomized control groups
Authors: Lori E. Dodd, Dean Follmann, Michael Proschan, Jing Wang, Denis Malvy, Johan van Griensven, Iza Ciglenecki, Peter W. Horby, Rashid Ansumana, Jia-Fu Jiang, Richard T. Davey, H. Clifford Lane, Aurelie Gouel-Cheron
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2019)

Randomized controlled clinical trials are critical for evaluating new experimental therapeutics to treat Ebola virus disease.
Cellular heterogeneity in brown adipose tissue
Authors: Yasuo Oguri, Shingo Kajimura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2019)

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) contains mitochondria-enriched thermogenic fat cells (brown adipocytes) that play a crucial role in the regulation of energy metabolism and systemic glucose homeostasis. It was presumed that brown adipocytes are composed of a homogeneous cell population. In this issue of the JCI, however, Song and colleagues report a previously uncharacterized subpopulation of brown adipocytes that display distinct characteristics from the conventional brown adipocytes in their molecular signature, regulation, and fuel utilization. The present study provides novel insight into our understanding of cellular heterogeneity in adipose tissues.
Abstract 10123: Erectile Dysfunction is Independently Associated With Incident Atrial Fibrillation: The Multi-ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis (mesa)
Authors: Yoshihiro Tanaka, Joshua Bundy, Norrina Allen, S M Iftekhar Uddin, David Feldman, Erin Michos, Susan Heckbert, Philip Greenland
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) has been associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) in cross-sectional studies, but the association of ED with incident AF is less well established. The purpos...
What Is a Tracheostomy?
Authors: Ioana Baiu, Leah Backhus
Journal: JAMA (2019)

What Is a Tracheostomy?A tracheostomy is an artificial airway that allows passage of air directly into the trachea to the lungs, bypassing the mouth and pharynx.Air is normally inhaled through the nose and mouth and passes through the trachea (the "windpipe"), which branches into the main bronchi and enters the lungs.Patients who are ill and not able to breathe on their own or who have head and neck cancer obstructing their airway may require a breathing tube.There are 2 main types of breathing tubes: an endotracheal tube and a tracheostomy tube.An endotracheal tube is typically inserted through the mouth or nose, and the tip sits within the trachea.Patients who receive this type are connected to a machine called a ventilator that helps them breathe.Prolonged intubation with an endotracheal tube predisposes patients to complications such as pneumonia and narrowing of the trachea (tracheal stenosis).Long-term use of an endotracheal tube through the mouth or nose is not comfortable, and patients are not able to talk while it is in place.Under most circumstances, patients are not able to go home with an endotracheal tube because they must be connected to a ventilator at all times.A tracheostomy tube ("trach") is considered when intubation is expected to last more than 1 or 2 weeks.A tracheostomy tube is very short and wide and is surgically placed directly into the trachea.It can be connected to a ventilator to assist with breathing or may be open to air to bypass an obstruction.This avoids having a tube in the nose or mouth, which makes patients more comfortable and decreases risk of pneumonia.The risk of tracheal stenosis is lower with a trach compared with an endotracheal tube.Most importantly, patients can be weaned from a ventilator faster with a trach than with an endotracheal tube.As the ability to breathe improves, patients may be disconnected from the ventilator while the trach remains in place.If they need help breathing again, they may be reconnected at any time.A trach that is open to air can be very discreet and can be hidden under clothing.
CLLU1 Expression Is Not Confined to Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells; Putative Role of Gene-Body Hypomethylation in Regulating Splice Variant-Specific Transcriptional Dynamics
Authors: Spyros Ioannis Papamichos, Eleftheria Lamprianidou, Chryssoula Kordella, Anna Christoforidou, Zoe Bezirgiannidou, Ioannis Kotsianidis
Journal: Blood (2017)
Reverting chemoresistance of targeted agents by a ultrasoluble dendritic nanocapsule
Authors: Qida Hu, Wangteng Wu, Meng Wang, Shiyi Shao, Piaopiao Jin, Qi Chen, Hongzhen Bai, Xinyu Zhao, Junming Huang, Jianwei Wang, Guping Tang, Tingbo Liang
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2019)
Multi-antigen-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cells for cancer therapy
Authors: Xiao Han, Yao Wang, Jianshu Wei, Weidong Han
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2019)

Abstract The approval of two chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cell types by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of hematologic malignancies is a milestone in immunotherapy; however, the application of CAR-T cells has been limited by antigen escape and on-target, off-tumor toxicities. Therefore, it may be a potentially effective strategy to select appropriate targets and to combine multi-antigen-targeted CAR-T cells with “OR”, “AND” and “NOT” Boolean logic gates. We summarize the current limitations of CAR-T cells as well as the efficacy and safety of logic-gated CAR-T cells in antitumor therapy. This review will help to explore more optimized strategies to expand the CAR-T cell therapeutic window.
Correction to: Pericardial effusion under nivolumab: case-reports and review of the literature
Authors: Anastasia Saade, Audrey Mansuet-Lupo, Jennifer Arrondeau, Constance Thibault, Mariana Mirabel, François Goldwasser, Stéphane Oudard, Laurence Weiss
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2019)

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported that authors' given and family names haven been incorrectly tagged. The original article can be found online at 10.1186/s40425-019-0760-4
Transcriptome analysis reveals significant differences between primary plasma cell leukemia and multiple myeloma even when sharing a similar genetic background
Authors: Elizabeta A. Rojas, Luis A. Corchete, María Victoria Mateos, Ramón García-Sanz, Irena Misiewicz-Krzeminska, Norma C. Gutiérrez
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2019)

Abstract Primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is a highly aggressive plasma cell dyscrasia characterised by short remissions and very poor survival. Although the 17p deletion is associated with poor outcome and extramedullary disease in MM, its presence does not confer the degree of aggressiveness observed in pPCL. The comprehensive exploration of isoform expression and RNA splicing events may provide novel information about biological differences between the two diseases. Transcriptomic studies were carried out in nine newly diagnosed pPCL and ten MM samples, all of which harbored the 17p deletion. Unsupervised cluster analysis clearly distinguished pPCL from MM samples. In total 3584 genes and 20033 isoforms were found to be deregulated between pPCL and MM. There were 2727 significantly deregulated isoforms of non-differentially expressed genes. Strangely enough, significant differences were observed in the expression of spliceosomal machinery components between pPCL and MM, in respect of the gene, isoform and the alternative splicing events expression. In summary, transcriptome analysis revealed significant differences in the relative abundance of isoforms between pPCL and MM, even when they both had the 17p deletion. The mRNA processing pathway including RNA splicing machinery emerged as one of the most remarkable mechanisms underlying the biological differences between the two entities.
Identification, functional annotation, and stability analysis of miRNA in <i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i>
Authors: Zhiyuan Yang, Angel Tsz‐Yau Wan, Xiao‐Yu Liu, Qing Xiong, Zhi‐Gang Liu, Stephen Kwok‐Wing Tsui
Journal: Allergy (2019)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Motivation to engage in communication skills training by oncology specialty.
Authors: Diane Portman, Amy Otto, Sarah Thirlwell, Barbara Lubrano di Ciccone, Maija Reblin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

29 Background: The present study aimed to assess oncology fellows’ motivation to participate in communication skills training by specialty. Methods: Oncology fellows attending communication skills training were invited to participate in program-evaluation research. Before each workshop, participants provided demographic information and completed subjective communications skills and motivation questionnaires. Following the workshop, the subjective communication skills survey was repeated. Results: Fifty physician trainees participated. Half were female. Most were first-year fellows (81%), White/Caucasian (56%), non-Hispanic (92%). Mean age was 32 years ( SD= 3.63). Motivation for attending the workshop was most commonly external regulation (e.g., required participation; M= 5.66, SD= 1.38), followed by identified regulation (e.g., belief the workshop will be helpful; M= 4.30, SD= 1.26) and intrinsic motivation (e.g., interest in topic; M= 3.76, SD= 1.15). Amotivation was less common ( M= 2.47, SD= 1.35). All scales rated 1-7. A one-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in levels of identified regulation ( F(4,44) = 3.26, p= .020) and external regulation ( F(4,45) = 3.47, p= .015) between fellows of different specialties. Post-hoc comparisons revealed that Hematology Oncology fellows reported significantly lower levels of identified regulation than Hospice &amp; Palliative Medicine fellows ( M difference = -1.35, p= .024). Hematology Oncology ( M difference = 1.60, p= .012) and Surgical Oncology fellows ( M difference = 1.67, p= .043) both reported significantly higher levels of external regulation than Hospice &amp; Palliative Medicine fellows. However, there were no significant differences between specialties with regard to post-workshop preparedness or pre-post change in preparedness ( ps &gt; .05). Conclusions: There is opportunity to create targeted interventions to improve physician motivation to participate in communication skills education by matching messaging to each specialty’s motivation type.
Factors impacting fertility preservation in children, adolescents, and young adults.
Authors: Erin Michele Mobley, Ginny L. Ryan, Amy E. Sparks, Varun Monga, William W. Terry
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

139 Background: Fertility preservation (FP) prior to therapy is underutilized for those diagnosed with cancer as a child, adolescent or young adult (AYA). This study describes the factors impacting utilization of FP consultations and procedures among childhood and AYA cancer patients at the University of Iowa Health Care (UIHC). Methods: Patients were identified by the oncology registry at UIHC. Disease site, histology, date of diagnosis, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance, and zip code were gathered by the registrars. Disease site and histology were categorized using International Classification of Diseases-Oncology-3 (ICD-O-3). UIHC’s electronic medical record (EMR, Epic) was queried for ICD codes for FP consultation. Data from UIHC’s Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility clinical database were merged with the primary data set to capture information about those who underwent FP. Rural-Urban Commuting Area codes incorporated a measure of rurality. Descriptive statistics and multivariate linear probability models were used to predict the probability of FP consultation and procedure. Results: From 2008-2017, 3,605 children and AYAs were treated for an invasive malignancy. Of the 637 (18%) who received a FP consultation, 162 (25%) underwent a FP procedure. Multivariate analyses showed that those with public insurance or no insurance, a diagnosis of a CNS tumor, melanoma, or miscellaneous neoplasm, and age over 30 years at diagnosis had a lower probability of having a consultation. The probability of undergoing a procedure was lower for female patients, those with germ cell tumor, melanoma, or carcinoma, seen by a pediatric-based provider, and diagnosed between 15-25 years of age. Conclusions: This study has important implications for survivorship and late effects research. The combination of sample identification via cancer registrars and linkage with EMR data could be used by others. The use of federal data to incorporate rurality is frequently overlooked. The use of this type of publicly available data would help improve the robustness of survivorship and late effects research through the inclusion of measures of rurality, health service availability, and economic indicators at varying levels of geography.
Individualised tailored assessment of therapeutic alternatives for HCC patients within the Milan criteria
Authors: Ningning Zhang, Wentao Jiang, Yamin Zhang, Tian-Qiang Song, Jiayu Lv, Jie Gu, Ying Wu, Jing Qian, Dazhi Tian, Qingjun Guo, Li Zhang, Jisan Sun, Yan Xie, Zhenglu Wang, Xin Sun, Zhongfang Yan, Yonghe Zhou, Jianyong Liu, Yibo Qiu, Bing Yang, Zhongyang Shen, Wei Lu
Journal: Gut (2019)

We read with interest the leading article by Gerbes et al 1 published in Gut. This roundtable meeting article proposed that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) staging linked to first-line treatment indication can help clinicians guide patients through treatment decision-making process, patients and researchers need reliable ways to stage disease and predict prognosis. Controversies always exist during multidisciplinary team (MDT) decision-making for HCC patients within the Milan criteria (MC) due to the lack of evidence-based studies of composite multiparametric evaluations among the three potential curative therapies: liver transplantation (LT), liver resection (LR) and local ablation (LA).2–4 Herein, we retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of LT, LR and LA for HCC patients within the MC and explored an individualised assessment prediction model to assist with MDT decision-making.

Institutional ethics committees approved the retrospective analyses of consecutive HCC patients admitted to two medical centres of Nankai University (Tianjin, China) between November 2011 and March 2016. A total of 283 HCC patients within the MC were finally enrolled and classified into LT (n=100), LR (n=89) and LA (n=94) groups based on the first-line treatments. Under the three treatment groups, subgroups were divided according to …
Tumour Dormancy and Reawakening: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Adrienne Boire, Seth B. Coffelt, Sergio A. Quezada, Matthew G. Vander Heiden, Ashani T. Weeraratna
Journal: Trends in cancer (2019)

Tumour dormancy presents challenges for clinical control and opportunities for scientific discovery. Current pictures of the mechanisms of tumour dormancy and reawakening remain incomplete. The Cancer Research UK's third Marshall Symposium explored tumour dormancy and reawakening in all their forms. In this forum article, we highlight the key challenges and opportunities discussed at this symposium.
Endothelial Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (Bmp2) Knockout Exacerbates Hemochromatosis in Homeostatic Iron Regulator (Hfe) Knockout Mice but not Bmp6 Knockout Mice
Authors: Xia Xiao, Som Dev, Susanna Canali, Abraham Bayer, Yang Xu, Aneesh Agarwal, Chia‐Yu Wang, Jodie L. Babitt
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Background and Aims Bone morphogenetic proteins BMP2 and BMP6 play key roles in systemic iron homeostasis by regulating production of the iron hormone hepcidin. The homeostatic iron regulator (HFE) also regulates hepcidin through a mechanism that intersects with the BMP–mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 1/5/8 (SMAD1/5/8) pathway. However, the relative roles of BMP2 compared with BMP6 and whether HFE regulates hepcidin through a BMP2‐dependent mechanism remain uncertain. Approach and Results We therefore examined the iron phenotype of mice deficient for both Bmp2 and Bmp6 or both Bmp2 and Hfe compared with single knockout (KO) mice and littermate controls. Eight‐week‐old double endothelial Bmp6 / Bmp2 KO mice exhibited a similar degree of hepcidin deficiency, serum iron overload, and tissue iron overload compared with single KO mice. Notably, dietary iron loading still induced liver SMAD5 phosphorylation and hepcidin in double Bmp6 /endothelial Bmp2 KO mice, although no other BMP ligand mRNAs were increased in the livers of double KO mice, and only Bmp6 and Bmp2 mRNA were induced by dietary iron loading in wild‐type mice. In contrast, double Hfe /endothelial Bmp2 KO mice exhibited reduced hepcidin and increased extrahepatic iron loading compared to single Hfe or endothelial Bmp2 KO mice. Liver phosphorylated SMAD5 and the SMAD1/5/8 target inhibitor of DNA binding 1 ( Id1 ) mRNA were also reduced in double Hfe /endothelial Bmp2 KO compared with single endothelial Bmp2 KO female mice. Finally, hepcidin and Id1 mRNA induction by homodimeric BMP2, homodimeric BMP6, and heterodimeric BMP2/6 were blunted in Hfe KO primary hepatocytes. Conclusions These data suggest that BMP2 and BMP6 work collaboratively to regulate hepcidin expression, that BMP2‐independent and BMP6‐independent SMAD1/5/8 signaling contributes a nonredundant role to hepcidin regulation by iron, and that HFE regulates hepcidin at least in part through a BMP2‐independent but SMAD1/5/8‐dependent mechanism.
Bridging Anticoagulation Therapy
Authors: Shradha A. Kulkarni, Margaret C. Fang
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Safety of the Use of Radioactive Iodine in Patients With Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Justin G. Peacock, Michael N. Clemenshaw, Kevin P. Banks
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Stromal mast cells as a favorable prognostic marker in early breast cancer
Authors: Stephen Chia, David Huntsman, Shareree Dabiri, Nikita Makretsov, Maggie Cheang, Blake Gilks, Chris Bajdik, Karen Gelmon, Malcolm Hayes
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

1060  With greater proportions of invasive breast cancers today presenting as smaller and node negative, better prognostic markers are required to select women in whom adjuvant systemic therapies offer the greatest potential benefit. We constructed a tissue microarray (TMA) of 348 cases with a median follow-up of 14.3 years to assess for such prognostic and predictive factors. Utilizing antibodies to CD-117, CD-3, CD-20, and CD-68 we assessed for the prognostic significance for the presence of mast cells, relative to T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and macrophages respectively. Correlation with standard prognostic markers was also undertaken. In the 348 TMA cases, 58% were node negative, 71% were ER positive and 13% were HER2 positive. As expected, ER positive cases were associated with a good prognosis (p=0.008) whereas HER2 positive cases were associated with a poorer prognosis (p=0.023). CD-117 positive mast cells were detected in the surrounding stoma in 27% of cases. The presence of stromal mast cells correlated with a favorable prognosis in the entire cohort (p
Partner bereavement and risk of psoriasis and atopic eczema: cohort studies in the U.K. and Denmark
Authors: A.Y.S. Wong, T. Frøslev, H.J. Forbes, A. Kjærsgaard, A. Mulick, K. Mansfield, R.J. Silverwood, H.T. Sørensen, L. Smeeth, S.A.J. Schmidt, S.M. Langan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

Stress is commonly cited as a risk factor for psoriasis and atopic eczema, but such evidence is limited.