tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SO-6 The influence of liver function on the outcomes of phase II trial of sorafenib vs. hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: S. Kobayashi, M. Kondo, M. Morimoto, H. Hidaka, T. Nakazawa, H. Aikata, T. Hatanaka, D. Takizawa, K. Matsunaga, C. Okuse, M. Suzuki, M. Taguri, T. Ishibashi, K. Numata, S. Maeda, K. Tanaka
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
SO-15 Radiomic signature for prediction of peritoneal disseminations in gastric cancer which were not detected by routine CT examinations
Authors: S. Konishi, D. Manaka, K. Kawaguchi, T. Ota, Y. Ikeda, R. Kudo, H. An, N. Sasaki, S. Hamasu, R. Nishitai, Y. Mori, N. Inamoto, K. Shibamoto, A. Ogata, T. Yamaoka, Y. Himoto
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
P-76 A phase 1 study of AMG 199, a half-life extended bispecific T-cell engager (HLE BiTE®) immune therapy, targeting MUC17 in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer
Authors: F. Lordick, E. Buxó Orra, A. Cervantes, F. Dayyani, C. Rocha-Lima, R. Greil, H. van Laarhoven, S. Lorenzen, R. Kischel, K. Shitara, J. Chao
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Using Individuals as (Mere) Means in Management of Infectious Diseases without Vaccines. Should We Purposely Infect Young People with Coronavirus?
Authors: Alberto Giubilini
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2020)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Pox Parties for Grannies? Chickenpox, Exogenous Boosting, and Harmful InjusticesThis article is referred to by:Harming Children to Benefit Others: A Reply DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 See a summary at http://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2020-06-16-children-show-increase-mental-health-difficulties-over-covid-19-lockdown, last access 4 July 2020.Additional informationFundingAG’s work on this paper was funded by UKRI/AHRC grant AH/V006819/1.
Modeling Spatial Risk of Diarrheal Disease Associated with Household Proximity to Untreated Wastewater Used for Irrigation in the Mezquital Valley, Mexico
Authors: Jesse D. Contreras, Rob Trangucci, Eunice E. Felix-Arellano, Sandra Rodríguez-Dozal, Christina Siebe, Horacio Riojas-Rodríguez, Rafael Meza, Jon Zelner, Joseph N.S. Eisenberg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2020)

Reusing wastewater for irrigation is a longstanding practice that enhances crop yields and improves climate resilience. Without treatment, however, wastewater contains harmful pathogens and chemicals. Reuse of untreated wastewater has been shown to be harmful to the health of nearby communities, but the routes of exposure are unknown and do not appear to be occupational. Some routes occur throughout entire communities, such as food contamination. Other routes may be spatially dependent, such as spread by domestic animals or through aerosolization.To examine whether those wastewater exposure routes with a spatial dependency affect health, we estimated the risks of diarrheal disease in children under age 5 associated with living near wastewater canals, while adjusting for potential individual- and household-level confounders.We conducted three surveys over 1 y in the Mezquital Valley, Mexico, to measure diarrhea in children. The distance between each participating household and a wastewater canal was measured using GPS coordinates. The association between proximity and diarrhea was estimated with a multilevel logistic regression model accounting for spatial autocorrelation.A total of 564 households completed one to three surveys, resulting in 1,856 survey observations of 646 children. Children living 100m from a canal had 45% lower odds of diarrhea than those living within 10m of a canal, and children living 1000m away had 70% lower odds of diarrhea [100m vs. 10m adjusted odds ratio (OR)=0.55, 95% credible interval (CI): 0.33, 0.91; 1000m vs. 10m adjusted OR=0.30, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.82].The estimated decline in diarrheal prevalence with household distance from a canal persisted after controlling for occupational exposure. Identifying the specific routes of exposure that drive this relationship will help identify which interventions, such as upstream treatment, can reduce health risks for entire communities where wastewater exposure occurs. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6443.
Physical Activity Does Not Lower the Risk of Lung Cancer
Authors: Sebastian-Edgar Baumeister, Michael F. Leitzmann, Martin Bahls, Christa Meisinger, Christopher I. Amos, Rayjean J. Hung, Alexander Teumer, Hansjörg Baurecht
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Observational studies have suggested that physical activity might lower the risk of lung cancer in former and current smokers, but not in never-smokers. Using genetic instruments for self-reported and accelerometer-measured physical activity traits implemented through two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR), we sought to strengthen the evidence for causality. We used 18 genome-wide significant (
Human ELG1 functions to repair DNA damage through interactions with PCNA and polymerase η
Authors: Kyungjae Myung
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

5777  Genomic integrity depends on multiple aspects of DNA metabolism including DNA replication, recombination, and repair, particularly in S phase. We demonstrate that a human homologue of yeast Elg1 (hELG1) plays an important role in S phase by repairing of DNA damage thereby preserving genomic stability. In an ATR-dependent manner, the hELG1 protein becomes stabilized and localizes to sites of DNA damage produced by a variety of mutagenic agents. hELG1 interacts with mono-ubiquitinated PCNA and polymerase eta, and silencing of hELG1 leads to an increase of mono-ubiquitinated PCNA. Targeted gene knockdown of hELG1 by shRNAs enhanced genomic instabilities, including chromosomal breaks, fusions, inversions, and sensitivity to DNA damaging agents. In addition, there is an increased homologous recombination frequency in hELG1 knockdown cell lines. These results demonstrate that hELG1 is a new member of proteins involved in the post-replication repair of DNA damage.
P-120 Prospective observational study monitoring circulating tumor DNA in resectable colorectal cancer patients undergoing radical surgery: GALAXY study in CIRCULATE-Japan (trial in progress)
Authors: H. Yukami, S. Mishima, D. Kotani, E. Oki, H. Taniguchi, Y. Nakamura, T. Kato, I. Takemasa, T. Yamanaka, H. Shirasu, K. Sawada, H. Ebi, A. Aleshin, P. Billings, M. Rabinowitz, M. Mori, T. Yoshino
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Eradicating Racial Injustice in Medicine—If Not Now, When?
Authors: Randy A. Vince
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Active vs. standard sun protection in patients with melanoma stage I or II: a randomized controlled feasibility trial assessing compliance with sun protection and quality of life
Authors: H. Goeth, M. Koller, M.‐V. Hegemann, K. Drexler, F. Zeman, G. Huppertz, M. Berneburg, T. Maisch
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

The incidence of melanoma is steadily increasing in the Western hemisphere, and one key factor is UV exposure. Sun protection is essential, particularly in patients with diagnosed melanoma. However, data on the psychological implications of sunscreen protection in melanoma patients are lacking. This project was designed as a randomised controlled feasibility trial to explore the feasibility of the diary method and tube count to assess patient compliance in the setting of a monocentric trial, furthermore to observe any recognisable trends regarding anxiety and QoL between the intervention and control group.
Effect of Surgical Skin Antisepsis on Surgical Site Infections in Patients Undergoing Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery
Authors: Uri P. Dior, Shamitha Kathurusinghe, Claudia Cheng, Charlotte Reddington, Andrew J. Daley, Catarina Ang, Martin Healey
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Gynecological laparoscopies are one of the most common surgical procedures worldwide. Limited evidence exists on rates of surgical site infections in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopies and strategies to prevent these infections.To compare rates of port-site infections, organ or space infections, and any type of surgical site infections among patients who underwent gynecological laparoscopies and received 1 of 3 types of skin preparation solutions.A double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted between February 28, 2017, and November 26, 2018, at a tertiary university-affiliated referral center. A total of 661 patients 18 years or older who underwent an elective operative laparoscopy for treatment of nonmalignant gynecological disorders were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to have their skin cleaned before surgery with alcohol-based chlorhexidine, alcohol-based povidone-iodine, or water-based povidone-iodine. Statistical analysis was performed from February 28, 2017, to November 26, 2018. Analyses were performed on a modified intention-to-treat basis.A total of 221 patients were randomized to have their skin prepared preoperatively with water-based povidone-iodine, 220 were randomized to alcohol-based povidone-iodine, and 220 were randomized to alcohol-based chlorhexidine. The patients were blinded to the solution used to clean their skin. Patients were followed up 1 and 4 weeks after surgery by a physician who was blinded to the skin preparation solution used at surgery. Evidence of infection according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria were documented.The primary outcome of this study was port-site infection 30 days after surgery. Secondary outcomes were organ or space infections and any type of surgical site infections; the study also aimed to prospectively describe rates of surgical site infections in gynecological laparoscopies.Of the 661 patients, 640 (96.8%; mean [SD] age, 36.2 [10.6] years) were examined after surgery by a physician at the study site and were included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis. The overall rate of port-site infection was 10.2% (65 of 640), rate of organ or space infection was 6.6% (42 of 640), and rate of any surgical site infection was 16.3% (104 of 640). The odds ratio for port-site infection for alcohol-based chlorhexidine vs water-based povidone-iodine was 1.13 (95% CI, 0.61-2.08), for alcohol-based chlorhexidine vs alcohol-based povidone-iodine was 1.34 (95% CI, 0.71-2.52), and for water-based povidone-iodine vs alcohol-based povidone-iodine was 1.19 (95% 0.62-2.27).Surgical site infections were more common than expected among patients who underwent gynecological laparoscopies. No skin preparation solution provided an advantage compared with the other solutions in reducing infection rates.http://anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12617000475347.
Impact of Immunotherapy on the Survival of Patients With Cancer and Brain Metastases
Authors: Saber Amin, Michael Baine, Jane Meza, Chi Lin
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2020)

Background: Immunotherapy has shown excellent efficacy in various cancers. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the significant role of immunotherapy in patients with brain metastases (BMs). The objective of this study was to investigate, using the National Cancer Database, the impact of immunotherapy on the overall survival (OS) of patients with BMs who did not receive definitive surgery of the primary tumor. Patients and Methods: Patients diagnosed with the primary cancer of non–small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, other types of lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, colorectal cancer, or renal cancer who had BMs at the time of diagnosis were identified from the National Cancer Database. We assessed OS using a Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age at diagnosis, sex, race, education level, income level, residential area, treatment facility type, insurance status, Charlson-Deyo comorbidity status, year of diagnosis, primary tumor type, and receipt of chemotherapy, radiation therapy (RT), and/or immunotherapy, because these factors were significantly associated with OS in the univariable analysis. Results: Of 94,215 patients who were analyzed, 3,097 (3.29%) received immunotherapy. In the multivariable analysis, immunotherapy was associated with significantly improved OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.694; 95% CI, 0.664–0.726; P &lt;.0001) compared with no immunotherapy. Treatment using chemotherapy plus immunotherapy was significantly associated with improved OS (HR, 0.643; 95% CI, 0.560–0.738; P &lt;.0001) compared with chemotherapy without immunotherapy. RT plus immunotherapy was also associated with significantly improved OS (HR, 0.389; 95% CI, 0.352–0.429; P &lt;.0001) compared with RT alone. Furthermore, chemoradiation (CRT) plus immunotherapy was associated with significantly improved OS (HR, 0.793; 95% CI, 0.752–0.836; P &lt;.0001) compared with CRT alone. Conclusions: In this comprehensive analysis, the addition of immunotherapy to chemotherapy, RT, and CRT was associated with significantly improved OS in patients with BMs. The study warrants future clinical trials of immunotherapy in patients with BMs, who have historically been excluded from these trials.
Longitudinal Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life Among Survivors of Hodgkin Lymphoma: It Is About Time!
Authors: Susan K. Parsons
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

For more than half a century, curative therapy has been available for patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) as radiotherapy, multiagent chemotherapy, or combined modality.Although survival rates vary considerably by patient and disease factors, such as age, fitness or frailty, and extent of disease, 1 the majority of patients are cured.Despite this considerable success, survivors of HL face potential late effects of treatment, which translate to premature mortality or considerable morbidity and diminished health-related quality of life (HRQoL).Research to date on how HL and its treatment affect HRQoL has been limited to generally small study samples and cross-sectional design, which have hampered generalizability and interpretability of these key outcomes. 2In the 2016 systematic review by Linendoll et al, 2 only two prospective, longitudinal studies were identified, both focusing only on earlystage disease in adults. 3,4Strikingly, there have been no similar studies for treated patients with advancedstage disease or any formal evaluation of HRQoL in children and adolescents.The first longitudinal study of HRQoL in 300 children and adolescents with highrisk HL met study accrual in 2019 (NCTN 02166463); preliminary results demonstrated marked diminution in HRQoL at diagnosis and before treatment initiation, along with persistence throughout the first year after treatment.
Abstract 16746: Single High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Measurement Using the Siemens Atellica IM Assay to Rule-Out Acute Myocardial Infarction at Presentation in Low Risk in Patients Evaluated in the Emergency Department
Authors: Karen Schulz, Richard Nowak, Robert Christenson, Christopher DeFilippi, James McCord, Anne Sexter, Fred S Apple
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: High sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays are able to quantitate low concentrations of cTn and provide an opportunity to rule out acute myocardial infarction (MI) at an early stage following a patient’s presentation to an emergency department. Hypothesis: The objectives of the current study were to examine the performance of single hs-cTnI measurement strategy to rule out acute MI and predict 30-day safety outcomes at presentation in these patients. Methods: This was a prospective, observational study of patients (n = 2342) presenting to US emergency departments with suspected acute coronary syndrome in whom cTnI measurements were obtained using the Siemens Atellica IM High Sensitivity Troponin I Assay (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics). Clinical data and hs-cTnI results were analyzed to determine: 1) clinical sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) for ruling out acute MI and 2) safety outcomes of acute MI and death at 30 days, using the hs-cTnI limit of detection (LoD) 1.6 ng/L concentration. Results: Acute MI occurred in 306 patients (13.1%). In patients with a hs-cTnI &lt;LoD (n=421, 18.0%), the clinical sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) for acute MI were 100% (95% CI 99.0,100) and 100% (CI 99.3,100), respectively. Further, the sensitivity and NPV for the safety outcome of acute MI or death within 30 days for hs-cTnI &lt;LoD were 99.4% (CI 98.5, 99.9) and 99.5% (CI 98.9, 99.9), respectively. Only 2 patients (0.85%) had an event. Conclusion: A strategy of using a single hs-cTnI &lt;LoD at presentation allowed the immediate identification of 18.0% of patients highly unlikely to have acute MI and who were at very low risk for events at 30 days. Additional studies to understand the clinical utility and cost-savings of this strategy are needed.
Biofilm propensity of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> skin isolates is associated with increased atopic dermatitis severity and barrier dysfunction in the MPAACH pediatric cohort
Authors: Tammy Gonzalez, Mariana L. Stevens, Asel Baatyrbek kyzy, Rosario Alarcon, Hua He, John W. Kroner, Daniel Spagna, Brittany Grashel, Elaine Sidler, Lisa J. Martin, Jocelyn M. Biagini Myers, Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey, Andrew B. Herr
Journal: Allergy (2020)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) patients are often colonized with Staphylococcus aureus, and staphylococcal biofilms have been reported on adult AD skin lesions. The commensal S epidermidis can antagonize S aureus, although its role in AD is unclear. We sought to characterize S aureus and S epidermidis colonization and biofilm propensity and determine their associations with AD severity, barrier function, and epidermal gene expression in the first US early-life cohort of children with AD, the Mechanisms of Progression of Atopic Dermatitis to Asthma in Children (MPAACH).The biofilm propensity of staphylococcal isolates was assessed by crystal violet assays. Gene expression of filaggrin and antimicrobial alarmins S100A8 and S100A9 was measured in keratinocyte RNA extracted from skin tape strips. Staphylococcal biofilms sampled from MPAACH skin were visualized using scanning electron microscopy.Sixty-two percent of staphylococcal isolates (sampled from 400 subjects) formed moderate/strong biofilms. Sixty-eight percent of subjects co-colonized with both staphylococcal species exhibited strains that formed cooperative mixed-species biofilms. Scanning electron microscopy verified the presence of staphylococcal biofilms on the skin of MPAACH children. Staphylococcus aureus strains showing higher relative biofilm propensity compared with S epidermidis were associated with increased AD severity (P = .03) and increased lesional and nonlesional transepidermal water loss (P = .01, P = .03).Our data suggest a pathogenic role for S aureus biofilms in AD. We found that strain-level variation in staphylococcal isolates governs the interactions between S epidermidis and S aureus and that the balance between these two species, and their biofilm propensity, has important implications for AD.
Etiologies and Features of Acute Viral Hepatitis in Spain
Authors: Jordi Llaneras, Mar Riveiro-Barciela, Ariadna Rando-Segura, Cristina Marcos-Fosch, Luisa Roade, Fernando Velázquez, Francisco Rodríguez-Frías, Rafael Esteban, Maria Buti
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
1167P SILVELUL SCORE: An original or modified immunohistochemical score (IPS or mIPS) in patients (pts) with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PanNET) treated with everolimus or CAPTEM
Authors: A. Viudez, G. Crespo, M.L. Gómez-Dorronsoro, A. Custodio, M. Benavent, B. García Paredes, J. Hernando, V. Alonso-Orduna, S. Goñi, C. López, P. Jimenez-Fonseca, I. González, B. López-San Vicente, I. Sevilla García, I. Hernandez, A. Carmona, J. Pérez Sanz, L. Lopez Ricarte, J. Marin, A. De Jesus-Acosta
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Hydrogel Microrobots: Bilayer Hydrogel Sheet‐Type Intraocular Microrobot for Drug Delivery and Magnetic Nanoparticles Retrieval (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 13/2020)
Authors: Dong‐In Kim, Hyoryong Lee, Su‐Hyun Kwon, Young Je Sung, Won Kyung Song, Sukho Park
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)
P-199 The prognostic and therapeutic impact of microsatellite instability in stage II colon cancer: Medical Oncology Service CHU Hassan II Fes
Authors: S. Berrad, H. Erraichi, L. Nouikh, L. Amaadour, K. Oualla, Z. Benbrahim, A. Samia, M. Nawfel
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
SO-27 Efficacy and response rates of the RENCA Macrobead therapy (RMB): A novel approach to the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. phase II clinical trials [U.S. FDA BB-IND 10091]
Authors: A. Nazarian, S. Sureshbabu, T. Fahey, N. Berman, D. Wolf, L. Gazda, B. Smith
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Melanoma diagnosed on digital dermoscopy monitoring: A side-by-side image comparison is needed to improve early detection
Authors: Graziella Babino, Aimilios Lallas, Marina Agozzino, Roberto Alfano, Zoe Apalla, Gabriella Brancaccio, Caterina M. Giorgio, Elisabetta Fulgione, Harald Kittler, Athanassios Kyrgidis, Chryssuola Papageorgiou, Giuseppe Argenziano
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Abstract 13113: Dynamic Vessel Bioreactor Recapitulates in vivo Cell Viability and Phenotype in Response to Absorbable Magnesium-Based Stent
Authors: Juan Wang, Mehmet H Kural, Jonathan Wu, Guangxin Li, Katherine Leiby, Nan Huang, Laura E Niklason
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Absorbable magnesium (Mg)-based stents are a promising option for treating stenotic artery disease. Animal and pre-clinical models have shown encouraging results; however, predictions...
Obesity and COVID-19: a call for action from people living with obesity
Authors: S Le Brocq, K Clare, M Bryant, K Roberts, AA Tahrani
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2020)

Data from France and the UK have showed a disproportionately higher prevalence of obesity in patients with COVID-19 admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) compared with general population data.1,2 About 10% of ICU patients in the UK have a BMI of 40 kg/m2 or more, and evidence shows increased mortality among this group.2,3 The UK Government advice for those with a BMI of at least 40 kg/m2 is to be particularly stringent in following social distancing measures. This message has created confusion and fear among many people living with obesity because of uncertainty about their risk or what actions they should take, including people with a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or more, who are also over-represented in ICU but not listed as at risk.