tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Degradation and osteogenic induction of a SrHPO4-coated Mg–Nd–Zn–Zr alloy intramedullary nail in a rat femoral shaft fracture model
Authors: Zhe Wang, Xinyuan Wang, Jia Pei, Yuan Tian, Jian Zhang, Chang Jiang, Junming Huang, Zhiying Pang, Yuanwu Cao, Xiuhui Wang, Senbo An, Xiao Wang, Hua Huang, Guangyin Yuan, Zuoqin Yan
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
Systematic retrospective study of 64 patients with anti-Mi2 dermatomyositis: A classic skin rash with a necrotizing myositis and high risk of malignancy
Authors: Grégoire Monseau, Océane Landon-Cardinal, Werner Stenzel, Yoland Schoindre, Kubéraka Mariampillai, Stéphane Barete, Clothilde Martel, Agathe Masseau, Alain Meyer, Benjamin Terrier, Sarah Guégan, Laurence Verneuil, Sylvain Audia, Cristian Bulai Livideanu, Eric Hachulla, Jean-Emmanuel Kahn, Guillaume Lefevre, François Maurier, Guillaume Moulis, Thomas Papo, Antoine Dossier, Vincent Descamps, Emmanuelle Salort-Campana, Marie-Aleth Richard, Emmanuel Bergot, Laurent Mortier, Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau, Séverine Genot, Florian Perez, Anne-Marie Piette, Maxime Samson, Nicolas Schleinitz, Thierry Zénone, Marie Lacoste, Hubert de Boysson, Serge Madaule, Aude Rigolet, Nicolas Champtiaux, Baptiste Hervier, Anne-Marie Bouvier, Valérie Jooste, Sarah Léonard-Louis, Thierry Maisonobe, Achille Aouba, Olivier Benveniste, Boris Bienvenu, Yves Allenbach
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Carrying Sphingolipid Cargo for the Diagnosis and Dynamic Risk Profiling of Alcoholic Hepatitis
Authors: Tejasav S. Sehrawat, Juan P. Arab, Mengfei Liu, Pouya Amrollahi, Meihua Wan, Jia Fan, Yasuhiko Nakao, Elisa Pose, Amaia Navarro‐Corcuera, Debanjali Dasgupta, Chieh‐Yu Liao, Li He, Amy S. Mauer, Emma Avitabile, Meritxell Ventura‐Cots, Ramon A. Bataller, Arun J. Sanyal, Naga P. Chalasani, Julie K. Heimbach, Kymberly D. Watt, Gregory J. Gores, Pere Gines, Patrick S. Kamath, Douglas A. Simonetto, Tony Y. Hu, Vijay H. Shah, Harmeet Malhi
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Background and Aims Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is diagnosed by clinical criteria, although several objective scores facilitate risk stratification. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as biomarkers for many diseases and are also implicated in the pathogenesis of AH. Therefore, we investigated whether plasma EV concentration and sphingolipid cargo could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for AH and inform prognosis to permit dynamic risk profiling of AH subjects. Approach and Results EVs were isolated and quantified from plasma samples from healthy controls, heavy drinkers, and subjects with end‐stage liver disease (ESLD) attributed to cholestatic liver diseases and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, decompensated alcohol‐associated cirrhosis (AC), and AH. Sphingolipids were quantified by tandem mass spectroscopy. The median plasma EV concentration was significantly higher in AH subjects (5.38 × 10 11 /mL) compared to healthy controls (4.38 × 10 10 /mL; P &lt; 0.0001), heavy drinkers (1.28 × 10 11 /mL; P &lt; 0.0001), ESLD (5.35 × 10 10 /mL; P &lt; 0.0001), and decompensated AC (9.2 × 10 10 /mL; P &lt; 0.0001) disease controls. Among AH subjects, EV concentration correlated with Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score. When EV counts were dichotomized at the median, survival probability for AH subjects at 90 days was 63.0% in the high‐EV group and 90.0% in the low‐EV group (log‐rank P value = 0.015). Interestingly, EV sphingolipid cargo was significantly enriched in AH when compared to healthy controls, heavy drinkers, ESLD, and decompensated AC ( P = 0.0001). Multiple sphingolipids demonstrated good diagnostic and prognostic performance as biomarkers for AH. Conclusions Circulating EV concentration and sphingolipid cargo signature can be used in the diagnosis and differentiation of AH from heavy drinkers, decompensated AC, and other etiologies of ESLD and predict 90‐day survival permitting dynamic risk profiling.
R1 Resection in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Is Not Worse Than R0
Authors: Martin Almquist, Erik Nordenström
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Celebrating World Tuberculosis Day at the time of COVID-19
Authors: Riccardo Alagna, Giorgio Besozzi, Luigi Ruffo Codecasa, Andrea Gori, Giovanni Battista Migliori, Mario Raviglione, Daniela Maria Cirillo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

World Tuberculosis Day, observed on 24 March each year, is the global call to raise awareness, celebrate successes and remind the world that tuberculosis (TB) is still the number one killer among the infectious causes of death [1]. TB is a preventable and curable disease, and its control is a highly cost-effective health intervention. However, diagnostic delay and inadequate treatment contribute to the severity and mortality of the disease as well as the risk of transmission and development of drug resistance. Despite the fact that TB disproportionately impacts low- and middle-income countries, it does not spare any country in the world, including those in the European Union/European Economic Area, where more than 4000 people still die from the disease every year [2]. Moreover, the high number of multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB cases in some countries of the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region poses a growing public health threat. Despite the sheer numbers, TB has for too long been overshadowed by HIV and malaria, and currently by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. TB remains a global health emergency <https://bit.ly/39DqHTb>
Pedometers can help people get more active as part of an exercise programme
Authors: Rob Cook, Peter Davidson, Rosie Martin
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The studyHodkinson A, Kontopantelis E, Adeniji C, et al. Accelerometer- and pedometer-based physical activity interventions among adults with cardiometabolic conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysisJAMA Network Open 2019;2:e1912895.This study was funded by the NIHR School for Primary Care Research (project number 390 ESWG Workstream 3).To read the full NIHR Signal, go to: https://discover.dc.nihr.ac.uk/content/signal-000880/pedometers-can-help-people-get-more-active-as-part-of-an-exercise-programme.
Implementation of HIV Self-Testing Program in New York City
Authors: Zoe R. Edelstein, Stephanie J. Hubbard, Julie E. Myers
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Oral Anticoagulants, Proton Pump Inhibitors, and Fracture—Reply
Authors: Pamela L. Lutsey, Faye L. Norby, Alvaro Alonso
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
A lipophilic statin, pitavastatin inhibits inflammation-associated mouse colon carcinogenesis
Authors: Yumiko Yasui, Rikako Suzuki, Hiroyuki Kohno, Shingo Miyamoto, Takuji Tanaka
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

3352  We investigated that whether a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, pitavastatin suppresses inflammation-related colon carcinogenesis in mice. To induce neoplasms in the inflamed colon, male CD-1 (ICR) mice were initiated with a single intraperitoneal injection of azoxymethane (AOM, 10 mg/kg bw) and followed by 2 % (w/v) dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water for 7 days, starting one week after AOM exposure. They were then fed the experimental diets mixed with pitavastatin at two dose levels (1 and 10 ppm) for17 weeks, starting one week after the cessation of DSS treatment. The development of preneoplastic and neoplastic colonic lesions was histologically assessed at wks 5, 10, and 20 by counting their incidence and multiplicity. In addition, we immunohistochemically investigated the effects of pitavastatin on the indices of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-, apoptosis-, and nitrotyrosine-positive cells in colonic epithelial malignancy. The levels of serum cholesterol and triglyceride were also measured. At wk 20, feeding with pitavastatin significantly inhibited the occurrence of colonic adenocarcinoma (72% reduction by 1 ppm pitavastatin, p
NETs: a new biomarker of traffic-related air pollution exposure: are they ready to catch fish?
Authors: Howard M Kipen, Debra L. Laskin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Air pollution has been with humankind throughout evolution ( e.g. volcanoes, forest fires), but it rapidly accelerated with the industrial revolution. Although the history of London's suffocating fogs began in the 18th century with coal power, it was the acute London fog episode of December 1952, and similar crises, that galvanised public health officials to begin to address the problem. The tremendous growth of automobiles reliant on internal combustion engines during the latter half of the 20th century ultimately led to current concerns with traffic-related air pollution (TRAP), causing researchers to seek a better understanding of air pollution health effects [1, 2]. There are many challenges in interpretation of novel assays for health effects in human challenge studies <https://bit.ly/3bdF5me>
Antithrombotic Therapy for Patients With Left Ventricular Mural Thrombus
Authors: Benoit Lattuca, Nesrine Bouziri, Mathieu Kerneis, Jean-Jacques Portal, Jiannong Zhou, Marie Hauguel-Moreau, Amel Mameri, Michel Zeitouni, Paul Guedeney, Nadjib Hammoudi, Richard Isnard, Françoise Pousset, Jean-Philippe Collet, Eric Vicaut, Gilles Montalescot, Johanne Silvain
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Covid-19: PHE upgrades PPE advice for all patient contacts with risk of infection
Authors: Anna Sayburn
Journal: BMJ (2020)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The neuroscience of perception has recently been revolutionized with an integrative reverse-engineering approach in which computation, brain function, and behavior are linked across many different datasets and many computational models. We here present a first systematic study taking this approach into higher-level cognition: human language processing, our species’ signature cognitive skill. We find that the most powerful ‘transformer’ networks predict neural responses at nearly 100% and generalize across different datasets and data types (fMRI, ECoG). Across models, significant correlations are observed among all three metrics of performance: neural fit, fit to behavioral responses, and accuracy on the next-word prediction task (but not other language tasks), consistent with the long-standing hypothesis that the brain’s language system is optimized for predictive processing. Model architectures with initial weights further perform surprisingly similar to final trained models, suggesting that inherent structure – and not just experience with language – crucially contributes to a model’s match to the brain.
The path forward for radiation therapy in the management of low-grade gliomas
Authors: Shervin Tabrizi, Helen A Shih
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Low-grade gliomas (World Health Organization [WHO] grade II) are a minority of adult gliomas and occur predominantly in young adults.Unlike their higher-grade counterparts, they have a longer disease course that often extends over a decade.Early radiation dose escalation studies in high-grade gliomas demonstrated a dose-response relationship, with improved survival up to 60 Gy but no clear benefit beyond this dose. 1 North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) 86-72-51 was a landmark phase III randomized controlled trial that evaluated whether escalation of radiation dose in low-grade gliomas can improve outcomes.Patients with low-grade gliomas, histologically defined as either astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, or oligoastrocytoma, were randomized to the standard arm of 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions versus the high-dose arm of 64.8 Gy in 36 fractions.The initial results of the trial were published in 2002 with a median follow-up of 6.4 years. 2 Breen and colleagues now present the long-term results of this study, with a median follow-up of over 17 years, providing a long-term perspective on outcomes following radiation therapy in low-grade glioma patients. 3imilar to the original publication, the long-term results show no benefit to dose escalation to 64.8 Gy versus 50.4 Gy in progression-free survival or overall survival.These are consistent with results of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) 22844 trial, which compared 45 Gy versus 59.4 Gy and was reported with a median follow-up of about 6 years. 4ince these trials accrued in the 1980s and 1990s, our understanding of the biology of low-grade glioma and the standard of care has increased significantly.Gliomas are now classified based on molecular features rather than histology alone per the WHO 2016 grading system, 5 and oligoastrocytoma is no longer a recognized entity.Furthermore, the standard of care for most low-grade glioma patients is now a combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy, based on the results of the Radiation Therapy Overall survival
LPIAT1/MBOAT7 depletion increases triglyceride synthesis fueled by high phosphatidylinositol turnover
Authors: Yuki Tanaka, Yuta Shimanaka, Andrea Caddeo, Takuya Kubo, Yanli Mao, Tetsuya Kubota, Naoto Kubota, Toshimasa Yamauchi, Rosellina Margherita Mancina, Guido Baselli, Panu Luukkonen, Jussi Pihlajamäki, Hannele Yki-Järvinen, Luca Valenti, Hiroyuki Arai, Stefano Romeo, Nozomu Kono
Journal: Gut (2020)

Objective Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common prelude to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The genetic rs641738 C&gt;T variant in the lysophosphatidylinositol acyltransferase 1 ( LPIAT1)/membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 7 , which incorporates arachidonic acid into phosphatidylinositol (PI), is associated with the entire spectrum of NAFLD. In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying this association in mice and cultured human hepatocytes. Design We generated the hepatocyte-specific Lpiat1 knockout mice to investigate the function of Lpiat1 in vivo. We also depleted LPIAT1 in cultured human hepatic cells using CRISPR-Cas9 systems or siRNA. The effect of LPIAT1-depletion on liver fibrosis was examined in mice fed high fat diet and in liver spheroids. Lipid species were measured using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. Lipid metabolism was analysed using radiolabeled glycerol or fatty acids. Results The hepatocyte-specific Lpiat1 knockout mice developed hepatic steatosis spontaneously, and hepatic fibrosis on high fat diet feeding. Depletion of LPIAT1 in cultured hepatic cells and in spheroids caused triglyceride accumulation and collagen deposition. The increase in hepatocyte fat content was due to a higher triglyceride synthesis fueled by a non-canonical pathway. Indeed, reduction in the PI acyl chain remodelling caused a high PI turnover, by stimulating at the same time PI synthesis and breakdown. The degradation of PI was mediated by a phospholipase C, which produces diacylglycerol, a precursor of triglyceride. Conclusion We found a novel pathway fueling triglyceride synthesis in hepatocytes, by a direct metabolic flow of PI into triglycerides. Our findings provide an insight into the pathogenesis and therapeutics of NAFLD.
Hepatic stellate cell–specific knockout of transcriptional intermediary factor 1γ aggravates liver fibrosis
Authors: Eun Ju Lee, Injoo Hwang, Ji Yeon Lee, Jong Nam Park, Keun Cheon Kim, Irene Kim, Dodam Moon, Hyomin Park, Seo-Yeon Lee, Hong Sug Kim, Dae Won Jun, Sung-Hye Park, Hyo-Soo Kim
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2020)

Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is a crucial factor in fibrosis, and transcriptional intermediary factor 1γ (TIF1γ) is a negative regulator of the TGFβ pathway; however, its role in liver fibrosis is unknown. In this study, mesenchymal stem cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hE-MSCs) that secrete hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were used to observe the repair of thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis. Our results showed that TIF1γ was significantly decreased in LX2 cells when exposed to TGFβ1. Such decrease of TIF1γ was significantly prevented by co-culture with hE-MSCs. Interaction of TIF1γ with SMAD2/3 and binding to the promoter of the α-smooth muscle gene (αSMA) suppressed αSMA expression. Phosphorylation of cAMP response element–binding protein (CREB) and binding on the TIF1γ promoter region induced TIF1γ expression. Furthermore, hepatic stellate cell–specific TIF1γ-knockout mice showed aggravation of liver fibrosis. In conclusion, loss of TIF1γ aggravates fibrosis, suggesting that a strategy to maintain TIF1γ during liver injury would be a promising therapeutic approach to prevent or reverse liver fibrosis.
Abstract 254: Synchronized Chest Compressions for Pseudo-PEA: Proof of Concept and Synching Algorithm
Authors: Keith Marill, James J Menegazzi, Allison C Koller, Matthew Sundermann, David D Salcido
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) is a common rhythm in cardiac arrest with a persistently poor outcome. This report describes our successful development of a synchronized compression device and algorithm to treat PEA with or without intrinsic myocardial contractions. Methods: We adapted our previously developed signal-guided CPR system to provide synchronized compressions in a porcine model of cardiac arrest. We describe the first comparison of unsynchronized to synchronized compressions in a single animal as a proof-of-concept. We developed an algorithm to provide optimal synchronized chest compressions regardless of intrinsic heartrate while simultaneously maintaining the chest compression rate within a desired range. We tested the algorithm with computer simulations measuring the proportion of intrinsic and compression beats that were synchronized, and the compression rate and its standard deviation, as a function of intrinsic heartrate and heartrate jitter. Results: We demonstrate and compare unsynchronized versus synchronized chest compressions in a single porcine model with an intrinsic rhythm and hypotension. Synchronized, but not unsynchronized, chest compressions were associated with increased blood pressure and coronary perfusion pressure (Figure). Our synchronized chest compression algorithm is able to provide synchronized chest compressions to over 90% of intrinsic beats for most heartrates while maintaining an average compression rate between 95 and 135 BPM with relatively low variability. Conclusion: Synchronized chest compression therapy for pulseless electrical rhythms is feasible. A high degree of synchronization can be maintained over a broad range of intrinsic heart rates while maintaining the compression rate within a satisfactory range. Further investigation to assess benefit for treatment of PEA is warranted.
Abstract 10719: Sedentary Time and Peripheral Artery Disease: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Authors: Jonathan T Unkart, John Bellettiere, Michael H Criqui, Qibin Qi, Keith M Diaz, Jordan A Carlson, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Robert J Ostfeld, Leopoldo Raij, Matthew A Allison
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Experimental evidence suggests sedentary time (ST), in part, contributes to cardiovascular disease risk by eliciting detrimental hemodynamic changes (blood pooling, turbulent blood fl...
Presymptomatic Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 — Singapore, January 23–March 16, 2020
Authors: Wycliffe E. Wei, Zongbin Li, Calvin J. Chiew, Sarah E. Yong, Matthias P. Toh, Vernon J. Lee
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)

Investigation of all 243 cases of COVID-19 reported in Singapore during January 23–March 16 identified seven clusters of cases in which presymptomatic transmission is the most likely explanation for the occurrence of secondary cases.