tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of routine biomarkers in older patients with cancer: Pooled analysis of three prospective cohorts.
Authors: Elena Paillaud, Pierre Soubeyran, Nadia Oubaya, Etienne Brain, Marianne Fonck, Nicoleta Reinald, Damien Heitz, Mylene Allain, Sonia Zebachi, Hubert Rousselot, Marie Laurent, Jérôme Dauba, Philippe Caillet, Sylvie Bastuji-Garin, Muriel Rainfray, Michael Bringuier, Thomas Grellety, Carine A. Bellera, Simone Mathoulin-Pélissier, Florence Canoui-Poitrine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

11551 Background: To assess prognostic value of routine biomarkers in older patients with cancer. Methods: A pooled analysis of three prospective multicentre cohorts, ELCAPA, PHRC Aquitaine and ONCODAGE was conducted. Patients aged 70 years or older, with cancer were included. Biomarkers collected were plasmatic C-reactive protein, albumin and a combined score: Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS). The GPS comprised three categories (0: CRP≤10 mg/L, albumin≥35 g/L; 1: CRP≤10 mg/L and albumin &lt; 35 g/L, or CRP &gt; 10 mg/L and albumin≥35 g/L; 2: CRP &gt; 10 mg/L and albumin &lt; 35 g/L).The primary endpoint was overall survival at 12 months. Multivariable Cox models were used, adjusting for age, sex, localisation, metastatic status, performance status, frailty screening index, the G8. Discriminative properties were assessed using Harrell C index and NRI (Net Reclassification Improvement). Results: Overall 1800 patients were analyzed (ELCAPA: N = 543, PHRC Aquitaine: N = 253, ONCODAGE: N = 1004; mean age: 78.5±5.5 years; 61.7% of men; 37% metastatic; most frequent localisations: breast (34.9%) and colon-rectum (17.7%); 70.7% of patients screened at risk of frailty with G8). Overall survival was 71.1%. GPS was independently associated with death (among normal G8: GPS 1: Hazard Ratio (HR) = 4.48; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) = [2.03; 9.89], GPS 2: 11.64 [4.54; 29.81], among abnormal G8: GPS 1: 2.45 [1.79; 3.34], GPS 2: 3.97 [2.93; 5.37]. The addition of GPS to the clinical model (Harell C: 0.82 [0.80; 0.83]) improved discrimination (Harell C: 0.84 [0.82; 0.85], NRI: 11% [5; 19]). Conclusions: GPS could be used in older patients with cancer to help decision-making and prognosis assessment.
Home initiation of chronic non-invasive ventilation in COPD patients with chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Marieke L Duiverman, Judith M Vonk, Gerrie Bladder, Joost P van Melle, Jellie Nieuwenhuis, Anda Hazenberg, Huib A M Kerstjens, Job F M van Boven, Peter J Wijkstra
Journal: Thorax (2019)

Introduction Chronic non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has become evidence-based care for stable hypercapnic COPD patients. While the number of patients increases, home initiation of NIV would greatly alleviate the healthcare burden. We hypothesise that home initiation of NIV with the use of telemedicine in stable hypercapnic COPD is non-inferior to in-hospital NIV initiation. Methods Sixty-seven stable hypercapnic COPD patients were randomised to initiation of NIV in the hospital or at home using telemedicine. Primary outcome was daytime arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO 2 ) reduction after 6 months NIV, with a non-inferiority margin of 0.4 kPa. Secondary outcomes were health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and costs. Results Home NIV initiation was non-inferior to in-hospital initiation (adjusted mean difference in PaCO 2 change home vs in-hospital: 0.04 kPa (95% CI −0.31 to 0.38 kPa), with both groups showing a PaCO 2 reduction at 6 months compared with baseline (home: from 7.3±0.9 to 6.4±0.8 kPa (p&lt;0.001) and in-hospital: from 7.4±1.0 to 6.4±0.6 kPa (p&lt;0.001)). In both groups, HRQoL improved without a difference in change between groups (Clinical COPD Questionnaire total score-adjusted mean difference 0.0 (95% CI −0.4 to 0.5)). Furthermore, home NIV initiation was significantly cheaper (home: median €3768 (IQR €3546–€4163) vs in-hospital: median €8537 (IQR €7540–€9175); p&lt;0.001). Discussion This is the first study showing that home initiation of chronic NIV in stable hypercapnic COPD patients, with the use of telemedicine, is non-inferior to in-hospital initiation, safe and reduces costs by over 50%. Trial registration number NCT02652559 .
Factors predictive of response to cisplatin-based chemotherapy in stage IVB persistent or recurrent cervical carcinoma: A multivariate analysis of three Gynecologic Oncology Group trials
Authors: D. H. Moore, C. Tian, B. J. Monk, H. J. Long, G. Omura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

5534 Purpose: A number of patients with advanced/recurrent cervical cancer do not respond to cisplatin-based chemotherapy. A pool analysis of three published phase III GOG studies was undertaken to identify the predictive factors and develop a model predictive of (non-) response to chemotherapy. Methods: The study population consisted of patients who received single-agent cisplatin or a cisplatin-containing combination in GOG protocols 110, 169 and 179. Prognostic variables (age, race, performance status, stage, histology, grade, disease site, prior chemotherapy—with primary radiation, time to recurrence, single-agent versus combination) were analyzed and multivariate analysis was conducted to identify factors independently predictive of response and survival. These analyses were used to establish a predictive model. Results: 816 patients were evaluable for response. In addition to single-agent treatment, multivariate analysis identified six factors (age, African-American, PS &gt; 0, pelvic disease, prior radiosensitizer, recurrence ≤ one year) independently predictive of poor response. Those factors, but not age and African-American, were also independently associated with increased risk of death. 428 patients treated with a cisplatin- containing combination were classified into three risk groups based on the total number of risk factors (low risk: 0–1 factor; mid risk: 2–3 factors; high risk: 4–5 factors). Patients with 4–5 of risk factors were predicted to have a treatment response of only 13% (observed 10%), and median progression-free and overall survival of PFS of 2.8 months and 5.5 months, respectively. This subgroup of patients consist ∼14% of the target population in clinical practice. The predictive model was externally validated using GOG protocol 149 data that were not used for model development and further supported the predictive accuracy. Conclusions: High risk patients should be directed to non-cisplatin chemotherapy or investigational trials. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Green Vegetables, Herbs, and Oils May Help Stabilize Patients Taking Warfarin
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Neutrophil extracellular traps, B cells, and type I interferons contribute to immune dysregulation in hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Angel S. Byrd, Carmelo Carmona-Rivera, Liam J. O’Neil, Philip M. Carlucci, Cecilia Cisar, Avi Z. Rosenberg, Michelle L. Kerns, Julie A. Caffrey, Stephen M. Milner, Justin M. Sacks, Oluseyi Aliu, Kristen P. Broderick, Jonathan S. Reichner, Lloyd S. Miller, Sewon Kang, William H. Robinson, Ginette A. Okoye, Mariana J. Kaplan
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2019)

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), also known as acne inversa, is an incapacitating skin disorder of unknown etiology manifested as abscess-like nodules and boils resulting in fistulas and tissue scarring as it progresses. Given that neutrophils are the predominant leukocyte infiltrate in HS lesions, the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the induction of local and systemic immune dysregulation in this disease was examined. Immunofluorescence microscopy was performed in HS lesions and detected the prominent presence of NETs. NET complexes correlated with disease severity, as measured by Hurley staging. Neutrophils from the peripheral blood of patients with HS peripheral also displayed enhanced spontaneous NET formation when compared to healthy control neutrophils. Sera from patients recognized antigens present in NETs and harbored increased antibodies reactive to citrullinated peptides. B cell dysregulation, as evidenced by elevated plasma cells and IgG, was observed in the circulation and skin from patients with HS. Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) 1 to 4, enzymes involved in citrullination, were differentially expressed in HS skin, when compared to controls, in association with enhanced tissue citrullination. NETs in HS skin coexisted with plasmacytoid dendritic cells, in association with a type I interferon (IFN) gene signature. Enhanced NET formation and immune responses to neutrophil and NET-related antigens may promote immune dysregulation and contribute to inflammation. This, along with evidence of up-regulation of the type I IFN pathway in HS skin, suggests that the innate immune system may play important pathogenic roles in this disease.
The N-Word
Authors: Quentin R. Youmans
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

On Being a Doctor3 September 2019The N-WordQuentin R. Youmans, MDQuentin R. Youmans, MDNorthwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (Q.R.Y.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M19-1269 Audio Reading - "The N-Word" Audio. Virginia Hood, MD, reads "The N-Word" by Quentin R. Youmans, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Achy, substernal chest pain that radiated to the jaw. A textbook story. Mr. F demanded IV narcotics as its only remedy. He was from "away." His entire medical history was per his own report. His story was not clear. He apparently had two diseased coronary arteries that were "ballooned" with or without stenting.I saw him on the inpatient cardiology service. During our sign-out, I learned that he had been belligerent with residents and staff, using derogatory language and exploding with rage if his demands were not met swiftly and precisely.Upon cardiac catheterization, we learned that our initial suspicions ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (Q.R.Y.)Acknowledgment: I thank my program director, Aashish K. Didwania, MD, for his unconditional support; unqualified validation; and equal contribution to this manuscript.Corresponding Author: Quentin R. Youmans, MD, 676 North Saint Clair Street, Arkes Pavilion, Suite 2300, Chicago, IL 60611; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - "The N-Word" Audio. Virginia Hood, MD, reads "The N-Word" by Quentin R. Youmans, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byComputer-Based Patient Bias and Misconduct Training Impact on Reports to Incident Learning SystemRisk Prediction for Black Patients with Heart Failure: A Time for ReimagingResident Physician Experiences With and Responses to Biased Patients 3 September 2019Volume 171, Issue 5Page: 380-381KeywordsBehaviorEmotionsHeartHeart diseasesIschemiaPersonality disordersResidencyRisk managementTemperatureThorax ePublished: 3 September 2019 Issue Published: 3 September 2019 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2019 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Breast Cancer Chemoprevention—Can We Make a Case for Precision Medicine?
Authors: Mary B. Daly, Eric Ross
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
P04.05 The Effects and Mechanism Involved in Paclitaxel combined with Shikonin on U87 Glioma Cells
Authors: J SHI
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Glioma is the most common intracranial primary tumor,chemotherapy seems to be the main treatment for brain glioma.Chemotherapy is currently widely used in clinical treatment of gliomas,however,drug-resistant always appears,so combination of chemotherapy has became an inevitable choice. Paclitaxel and shikonin are stable and efficient chemotherapy drugs which can promote apoptosis and ininhibite the growth of tumor.Recent research reports,paclitaxel and shikonin can respectively activate and inhibit the expression of p-ERK.The purpose of this study was to investigate whether we can inhibite the activation of p-ERK caused by paclitaxel to enhance the effect of paclitaxel,furthermore use the combination of the two drugs to reach a better effect of chemotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS 1.Cell Culture2. Drugs Administration.3. Growth Inhibition Assays (CCK-8) .4.Scratch test to observe cell migration 5.Transwell assay for the determination of cell migration 6.Transwell assay for the determination of cell invasion 7. Annexin V-FITC and PI Assay for Flow Cytometry to Detect Apoptosis 8. PI Assay for Flow Cytometry to Detect Cell Cycle 9. Western Blot to Detect the Expression of P-ERK/ERK 10. Statistical Analysis. RESULTS 1.The results tested by CCK-8 showed these two drugs have synergic effects with a CDI equals to 0.72 which means these two drugs are significant synergistic.2.Compared with paclitaxel group or shikonin group,the 1/2paclitaxel+1/2shikonin group had a significant inhibitory effect upon the migration of U87 cells.3.Compared with paclitaxel group and shikonin group,the 1/2paclitaxel+1/2shikonin group had a significant inhibitory effect upon the invation of U87 cells.4.Compared with paclitaxel group and shikonin group,the 1/2paclitaxel+1/2shikonin group had a significant promoting effect upon inducing apoptosis of U87 cells.5. The 1/2paclitaxel+1/2shikonin group significantly improved the apoptosis rate of U87 cells,the RNA content of the G1-phase was significantly increased in shikonin group, the RNA content of the G2- phase significantly increased in paclitaxel group and 1/2paclitaxel+1/2shikonin group.6.Compared with control group,the rate of p-ERK/ERK was increased in paclitaxel group(P&lt;0.05),while the rate of p-ERK/ERK was significantly decreased in the shikonin group and 1/2paclitaxel+1/2shikonin group(P&lt;0.05). CONCLUSION 1. Compared with paclitaxel group and shikonin group,the combination group with half dosage can make synergic effects and significantly inhibit the proliferation,migration and invation ability of U87 cells,besides promote apoptosis of U87 cells and block U87 cell cycle.2. Paclitaxel combined with shikonin could decrease the expression of p-ERK/ERK,which may be involved in the synergic effects of these two drugs.
P11.50 The dielectric properties of brain tumor tissue
Authors: M A Proescholdt, A Lohmeier, E Stoerr, P Eberl, A Brawanski, Z Bomzon, H S Hershkovich
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Recently, tumor treating fields (TTFields) were established for the treatment of newly diagnosed GBM. One of the most crucial parameters defining the treatment efficacy of TTFields is the electric field intensity. The dielectric properties of the normal intracranial compartments are well established, allowing the prediction of the electric field distribution. In contrast, there is no data available about the dielectric properties of brain tumor tissue. In this study we determined the dielectric properties of brain tumors by analyzing resected tissue following a fast acquisition protocol. To account for the intratumoral heterogeneity, different regions of the tumor were analyzed separately. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cohort of 84 patients with tumors of different histology and malignancy grade have been recruited (meningioma: n=26; brain metastases n=18; low grade glioma n=6; glioblastoma n=34). Tissue probes were acquired whenever possible from the vital tumor area, and perinecrotic compartment identified intraoperatively using neuronavigation, intraoperative ultrasound and fluorescence guidance. After acquisition, the tissue was measured immediately to avoid artifacts induced by temperature change, differences of fluid composition as well as post resection ischemia. A fragment was dissected from each tissue sample and was placed into a cylindrical cell with a known diameter. Two parallel electrodes were placed on both sides of the sample and the thickness of the tissue was measured using a micrometer. The impedance was recorded at frequencies 20Hz-1MHz using a software specifically developed for this study, which controls the LCR meter (Keysight Technologies, Santa Rosa, USA). The measured impedance was translated into dielectric properties of the sample (conductivity and relative permittivity) based on the parallel plate model, the recorded complex impedance and the geometry of the samples. Each tissue probe was fixed, H&amp;E stained and histologically analyzed. RESULTS We found significant differences between the conductivity of different types of tumors with meningiomas showing the lowest conductivity (mean conductivity [S/m]: 0.193; range: 0.327 - 0.113) and GBM tissue exhibiting the highest conductivity values (mean conductivity [S/m]: 0.402; range: 0.893 - 0.157). Consistently, the perinecrotic areas of tumors displayed lower conductivity values compared to the solid tumor compartments. Also, we found a significant intratumoral heterogeneity in tumors of one specific histological diagnosis. CONCLUSION The dielectric properties of intracranial tumors appear to be depending on histological class and malignancy grade and show significant intratumoral heterogeneity. These results may allow a more precise modelling of electric field intensity distribution within the tumor.
P14.88 Comparison of SNaPshot PCR and digital droplet PCR for the identification of TERT promoter in non-diagnostic biopsies from glioma patients
Authors: D Poncet, T Picart, J Guyotat, E Jouanneau, B Joubert, A Vasiljevic, J Honnorat, D Meyronet, F Ducray, M Barritault
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND We previously showed that TERT promotor (pTERT) mutations can be detected in a high proportion of non-diagnostic biopsies from glioma patients using SNaPshot PCR. The aim of the present study was to assess the diagnostic value of digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) in this setting. MATERIAL AND METHODS pTERT mutations were retrospectively assessed using SNaPshot PCR and ddPCR in the non-diagnostic biopsies of 14 adult patients who underwent an initial non-diagnostic needle biopsy that led to perform another biopsy that finally demonstrated a pTERT-mutant glioma. RESULTS Median age at diagnosis was 69 years and the median interval between the initial and final biopsy was 22 days. The initial biopsy consisted of unspecific infiltrating glial cells (n=10), hemorrhage, necrosis and/or fibrosis (n=4). Using SNaPshot PCR, the final biopsy found an IDH-WT pTERT-mutant glioma in 12 cases (glioblastoma n=12), an IDH-mutant pTERT-mutant oligodendroglioma in one case and an IDH-WT pTERT-WT glioblastoma in one case. Retrospectively, a pTERT mutation was identified by both ddPCR and SNaPshot in the non-diagnostic biopsies in 85% (11 /13) of pTERT mutant-gliomas. No mutation was detected in the non-diagnostic biopsies of IDH-WT pTERT-WT gliomas using either technique. Overall, a pTERT mutation were detected in 79% (11/14) of non-diagnostic biopsies. CONCLUSION Digital Droplet PCR, as SNaPshot PCR, enables the identification of pTERT mutations in a high rate of non-diagnostic biopsies from glioma patients. The sensitivity of both techniques seems similar in this setting.
P07.01 Functional role of N-Myc in SHH type TP53 mutated MB’s metabolism
Authors: K Yokogami
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Medulloblastoma is classified in 4 subgroups. Prognosis and therapeutic option was different from each subgroups. Thus, we need subgroup-specific in vitro models for investigating new therapeutic targets. Little established medulloblastoma cell-lines, which have been subgrouped is available. Especially, commercially available SHH type TP53 mutated cell-line is only DAOY. We established new cell lines 505CSC / 507FBS from the patient with SHH type with TP53 mutated MB. This matched pair cell line showed high expression of N-MYC in serum free conditioned medium. To know the functional role of N-MYC in MB, we used 507CSC and DAOY. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using chemical inhibitor of N-Myc in 507CSC and DAOY, proliferation assay, mRNA expression and measurements of ex-vivo metabolic phenotype were performed. RESULTS N-MYC inhibition leads to cell death in both cell lines. N-MYC regulated glucose, glutamine and methionine metabolism. Especially the targets were PKM2, GLS2, MAT2A, DNMT1 and 3A. CONCLUSION N-MYC is a target of therapy in a patient with SHH type TP53 mutated medulloblastoma.