tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<scp>EAACI</scp> Guidelines on Allergen Immunotherapy: House dust mite‐driven allergic asthma
Authors: Ioana Agache, Susanne Lau, Cezmi A. Akdis, Sylwia Smolinska, Matteo Bonini, Ozlem Cavkaytar, Breda Flood, Pawe Gajdanowicz, Kenji Izuhara, Omer Kalayci, Ralph Mosges, Oscar Palomares, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Milena Sokolowska, Elisabeth Angier, Montserrat Fernandez‐Rivas, Giovanni Pajno, Oliver Pfaar, Graham C. Roberts, Dermot Ryan, Gunter J. Sturm, Ronald van Ree, Eva M. Varga, Roy Gerth van Wijk, Juan José Yepes‐Nuñez, Marek Jutel
Journal: Allergy (2019)

Abstract Allergen immunotherapy ( AIT ) has been in use for the treatment of allergic disease for more than 100 years. Asthma treatment relies mainly on corticosteroids and other controllers recommended to achieve and maintain asthma control, prevent exacerbations, and improve quality of life. AIT is underused in asthma, both in children and in adults. Notably, patients with allergic asthma not adequately controlled on pharmacotherapy (including biologics) represent an unmet health need. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology has developed a clinical practice guideline providing evidence‐based recommendations for the use of house dust mites ( HDM ) AIT as add‐on treatment for HDM ‐driven allergic asthma. This guideline was developed by a multi‐disciplinary working group using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation ( GRADE ) approach. HDM AIT was separately evaluated by route of administration and children and adults: subcutaneous ( SCIT ) and sublingual AIT ( SLIT ), drops, and tablets. Recommendations were formulated for each. The important prerequisites for successful treatment with HDM AIT are (a) selection of patients most likely to respond to AIT and (b) use of allergen extracts and desensitization protocols of proven efficacy. To date, only AIT with HDM SLIT ‐tablet has demonstrated a robust effect in adults for critical end points (exacerbations, asthma control, and safety). Thus, it is recommended as an add‐on to regular asthma therapy for adults with controlled or partially controlled HDM ‐driven allergic asthma (conditional recommendation, moderate‐quality evidence). HDM SCIT is recommended for adults and children, and SLIT drops are recommended for children with controlled HDM ‐driven allergic asthma as the add‐on to regular asthma therapy to decrease symptoms and medication needs (conditional recommendation, low‐quality evidence).
Promises and Pitfalls of Using Liquid Biopsy for Precision Medicine
Authors: Giovanna Rossi, Michail Ignatiadis
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract New sensitive assays are currently available for the detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating tumor cells (CTC). However, there remains a need for standardization of preanalytical issues and cross-platform comparison studies. Liquid biopsies are being evaluated for treatment selection, for monitoring disease response and resistance, for tracking minimal residual disease, and for cancer diagnosis. Multiple studies are underway to assess the clinical utility of CTC and ctDNA in different settings (treatment-naïve vs. resistant, adjuvant vs. metastatic) and for different treatment modalities (systemic therapy, surgery, radiation therapy). This review aims to map the challenges that remain to be addressed before liquid biopsies can be widely used for cancer management.
Review: Viscous fiber reduces HbA<sub>1c</sub>, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Anupam Goel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

Source Citation Jovanovski E, Khayyat R, Zurbau A, et al. Should viscous fiber supplements be considered in diabetes control? Results from a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Care. 2019 42:755-66. 30617143
Oxygen in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease: an international Delphi survey
Authors: Rachel K. Lim, Christopher Humphreys, Julie Morisset, Anne E. Holland, Kerri A. Johannson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

Patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD) frequently develop resting or exertional hypoxaemia. There is heterogeneity in clinical practice and a paucity of evidence guiding supplemental oxygen use in this patient population. The objectives of this study were to build international expert-based consensus on the indications and goals of supplemental oxygen from the perspective of healthcare providers, and identify potential barriers to its access.Semistructured interviews and a comprehensive literature search informed items for the Delphi survey, with items not meeting consensus included in round 2. Round 3 contained survey questions regarding regional funding coverage for oxygen therapy. A priori definitions of consensus were median scores of 4 (agree) to 5 (strongly agree) for "agreement", 1 (strongly disagree) to 2 (disagree) for "disagreement" or 3 (unsure) with an interquartile range of 0-1.42 out of 45 (93%) experts completed all three survey rounds, representing 17 countries. 20 out of 36 items met consensus for agreement or disagreement, 10 items met consensus for unsure and four items did not meet consensus. Experts agreed that oxygen should be recommended for patients with severe resting hypoxaemia and in cases of exertional desaturation to <85-89%, particularly with attributable symptoms or exercise limitation. There are regional differences in funding coverage for oxygen, based on desaturation thresholds, clinical symptoms and testing requirements.Experts achieved consensus on 20 items guiding supplemental oxygen use in fibrotic ILD. These findings may inform research, clinical recommendations and funding policy.
The changing role of gene-expression profiling in the era of de-escalating adjuvant chemotherapy in early stage breast cancer
Authors: J.V. Steenhoven, A. Kuijer, K. Schreuder, S. Elias, P.V. Diest, E.V.D. Wall, S. Siesling, T.V. Dalen
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: There is a growing body of evidence supporting the omission of adjuvant chemotherapy in a subset of estrogen receptor (ER) positive (+) / Her2 receptor negative (-) breast cancer patients. We assessed recent trends in the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy thereby evaluating the role of the 70-gene signature (70-GS) testing in decision-making in the systemic treatment of lymph node negative (N0) and lymph node positive (N+) breast cancer patients. Methods: Patients with a national guideline directed indication for 70-GS use treated between 2013-2016 were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR). Time trends in the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy were evaluated within guideline- and age delineated subgroups. The influence of the 70-GS on chemotherapy use was assessed with logistic regression. Results: During the study period, the overall administration of adjuvant chemotherapy decreased from 49% to 23%. For N0 patients, the decline in chemotherapy was independent of 70-GS use, whereas in N1a disease, the 70-GS was associated with a consistent lower proportion of patients receiving chemotherapy throughout the study period (OR 0.21 95% CI: 0.15-0.29). In patients <50 years and 50-59 years of age, the 70-GS use was associated with less chemotherapy administration and remained independently associated with less chemotherapy use after adjustment by multivariable logistic regression (OR 0.17, 95% CI: 0.13-0.23 and OR 0.53 95% CI: 0.43-0.65). Conclusions: During a period that chemotherapy administration declined in ER+ breast cancer, the 70-GS contributed to the observed decrease in node positive disease and in younger patients. In N0 patients, the decline in chemotherapy use was independent of the 70-GS. A more selective use of gene-expression analyses is propagated. Legal entity responsible for the study: Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Risks of High Coronary Artery Calcium—Reply
Authors: Laura F. DeFina, Nina B. Radford, Benjamin D. Levine
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Abstract 20158: Vitamin D Supplements Do Not Reduce Depressive Symptoms and Cardiac Events in Depressed Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Eun Kyeung Song, Debra K Moser, Terry A Lennie
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is commonly observed in heart failure (HF) patients. Depressive symptoms do not predict shorter cardiac event-free survival in HF patients with vitamin D adequacy...
CHOLANGIOSCOPIC CRITERIA FOR INDETERMINATE BILIARY STENOSIS DIAGNOSIS
Authors: H El Bacha, R Harizi, R Laugier, S Leblanc, K Barange, F Fumex, A Laquiere, B Napoleon, B Vedrenne, S Grabar, F Prat
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Single-operator cholangioscopy (SOC) has been a major advance in indeterminate biliary stricture (IDBS) diagnosis because it has made direct visualization and optically guided biopsy of these lesions. However, SOC-guided biopsies have shown limited sensitivity. In order to overcome this limitation, identifying the cholangioscopic features that most strongly suggest malignancy is an interesting way to improve SOC diagnostic capabilities; however, no systematic analysis of SOC findings has been conducted to date.
La coloscopie standard avec biopsies étagées a-t-elle toujours une place dans le dépistage des dysplasies et du cancer colorectal au cours de MICI?
Authors: O Kharmach, I Benelbarhdadi, FZ Ajana
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Le risque de cancer colorectal (CCR) est accru chez les malades atteints de maladie inflammatoire chronique de l'intestin (MICI), que ce soit au cours de la maladie de Crohn ou de rectocolite hémorragique (RCH). Les objectifs de notre travail visent à étudier le profil épidémiologique et les facteurs de risque du CCR dans les MICI afin d'établir une stratégie de dépistage permettant une prise en charge précoce.
ENDOSCOPIC RENDEZVOUS FOR AN ANASTOMOTIC STRICTURE AFTER HEPATOJEJUNOSTOMY
Authors: C Gerges, P Weber, PD Siersema, H Neuhaus, EJM van Geenen, T Beyna
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Anastomotic stenosis of the hepatojejunostomy (HJS) remain a common complication and a major cause of morbidity. (Balloon assisted)-ERCP is the golden standard to treat HJS. In 38% BE-ERCP is not successful because of the inability to reach and/or cannulate the anastomosis. An alternative is surgical treatment, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Surgery can be contraindicated by ASA3 plus patients. For those patients long term trans hepatic biliary drainage might be a therapeutic option. In this case we show a trans hepatic, cholangioscopy guided reopening of a bilioenteric anastomosis stricture.
Aerobic Fitness and Adherence to Guideline-Recommended Minimum Physical Activity Among Ambulatory Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Jennifer L. Jarvie, Ambarish Pandey, Colby R. Ayers, Jonathan M. McGavock, Martin Sénéchal, Jarett D. Berry, Kershaw V. Patel, Darren K. McGuire
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

OBJECTIVE Lifestyle intervention remains the cornerstone of management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, adherence to physical activity (PA) recommendations and the impact of that adherence on cardiorespiratory fitness in this population have been poorly described. We sought to investigate adherence to PA recommendations and its association with cardiorespiratory fitness in a population of patients with T2DM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a randomized clinical trial (NCT00424762) was performed. A total of 150 individuals with medically treated T2DM and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or risk factors for ASCVD were recruited from outpatient clinics at a single academic medical center. All individuals underwent a graded maximal exercise treadmill test to exhaustion with breath-by-breath gas exchange analysis to determine VO2peak. PA was estimated using a structured 7-Day Physical Activity Recall interview. RESULTS Participants had a mean ± SD age of 54.9 ± 9.0 years; 41% were women, 40% were black, and 21% were Hispanic. The mean HbA1c was 7.7 ± 1.8% and the mean BMI, 34.5 ± 7.2 kg/m2. A total of 72% had hypertension, 73% had hyperlipidemia, and 35% had prevalent ASCVD. The mean ± SD reported daily PA was 34.3 ± 4 kcal/kg, only 7% above a sedentary state; 47% of the cohort failed to achieve the minimum recommended PA. Mean ± SD VO2peak was 27.4 ± 6.5 mL/kg fat-free mass/min (18.8 ± 5.0 mL/kg/min). CONCLUSIONS On average, patients with T2DM who have or are at risk for ASCVD report low levels of PA and have low measured cardiopulmonary fitness. This underscores the importance of continued efforts to close this therapeutic gap.
EUS GUIDED CHOLEDOCODUODENOSTOMY WITH HOT AXIOS: FRENCH MULTICENTRIC STUDY AFTER LEARNING CURVE
Authors: J Jacques, J Privat, F Fumex, F Pinard, JC Valats, F Cholet, P Grandval, H Lepetit, R Legros, B Napoléon
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Eus guided biliary drainage is indicated in case of impossibility or failure of classic biliary drainage by ERCP. Recently we reported a good efficiency of EUS guided choledocoduodenostomy using the HOT AXIOS in a retrospective multicentric study. However in this study, technical success was 88.5%. Utilization of the recommended technique (direct ponction of the common bile duct with the HOT AXIOS + using a 6 mm Stent + fistulotomy with a pure section current) was the only predciting factor of clinical success.
Polypectomie colique: critères de qualité
Authors: S Laabidi, Y Said, N Trad, A Mensi, S Soua, K El Jeri, Y Zaimi, S Ayadi, L Mouelhi, R Debbeche
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

La coloscopie avec exérèse endoscopique des polypes diminue le risque de survenue du cancer colorectal. Elle doit respecter certains critères de qualité recommandés par les sociétés savantes.
<i>Notes from the Field:</i> Community Outbreak of Measles — Clark County, Washington, 2018–2019
Authors: Alyssa Carlson, Madison Riethman, Paul Gastañaduy, Adria Lee, Jessica Leung, Michelle Holshue, Chas DeBolt, Alan Melnick
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2019)

On December 31, 2018, Clark County Public Health (CCPH) in Washington was notified of a suspected case of measles in an unvaccinated child, aged 10 years, who had recently arrived from Ukraine.The patient was evaluated at an urgent care clinic for fever, cough, and a maculopapular rash.CCPH launched a case investigation, conducted contact tracing, and facilitated specimen collection and shipment to the Washington State Department of Health Public Health Laboratories.On January 3, 2019, measles virus was detected in the patient's urine and nasopharyngeal specimens by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).By January 16, among 12 patients with suspected measles reported to CCPH during January 11-14, all had laboratory-confirmed measles by RT-PCR.In response to these confirmed cases and additional suspected cases, CCPH's Incident Management Team was activated on January 15.Approximately 200 persons participated in the multiagency response, which included CCPH, the Washington State Department of Health, and CDC.As of March 28, 2019, measles had been confirmed among 71 Clark County residents, with rash onsets from December 30, 2018, to March 13, 2019.Persons with suspected measles were investigated through patient interviews, electronic medical records review, and consultation with health care providers; specimens were collected in accordance with recommendations (1).To increase awareness of measles circulation, regional provider advisories were issued, and press releases were distributed to notify citizens of exposures in large settings.Outbreak control measures included identifying exposed persons and assessment of their presumptive immunity to measles,* recommending vaccination of persons lacking presumptive evidence of immunity, administering postexposure prophylaxis with measles, mumps, rubella vaccine or immunoglobulin for eligible persons, and implementing social distancing strategies (e.g., isolation of patients and home quarantine of exposed persons without presumptive evidence of immunity) (2).Among the 71 patients with confirmed measles, all of whom met the clinical case definition for measles, † 41 cases * Acceptable presumptive evidence of immunity to measles includes written documentation of age-appropriate vaccination, laboratory evidence of immunity, laboratory confirmation of disease, or birth before 1957.† Fever; maculopapular rash; and cough, coryza, or conjunctivitis.
Abstract 19431: Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Patterns Among Asian Indians by Nativity Status in the United States, 2003-2012
Authors: Nilay S Shah, Janki Shah, Pritha Gupta, Sanjum S Sethi, Jiaqi Hu, Katherine G Hastings, Latha P Palaniappan
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Asian Indian (AI) men and women in the United States have a greater proportionate mortality burden from ischemic heart disease compared to non-Hispanic whites. We sought to further ch...
Abstract 3611: Proteasome subunit PSMD1 participates in p53 degradation and regulates proliferation of breast cancer cells
Authors: Toshiyuki Okumura, Kazuhiro Ikeda, Wataru Sato, Kuniko Horie-Inoue, Satoshi Inoue, Satoru Takeda, Koji Okamoto
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in developed countries. Generally, 70% of primary breast cancer patients express estrogen receptor, thus endocrine therapy is often efficient for the disease using antiestrogen such as tamoxifen as well as aromatase inhibitor. During long-term therapy, however, a substantial proportion of women recurrent and acquire resistance to endocrine therapy. Understanding of the mechanism underlying acquired endocrine resistance would be a first step toward overcoming hormone-refractory cancer. In this study, we identified candidate genes that contributed to tamoxifen resistance in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by functional screening based on short hairpin RNA (shRNA) library. We found that several candidate genes were overexpressed in breast cancer patients and their abundance was positively associated with poor prognosis of cancer patients in clinical database. Moreover, the genes associated with poor prognosis also showed positive association with shorter survival for patients treated with tamoxifen. Expression levels of these candidate genes were upregulated in hydroxytamoxifen (OHT)-resistant MCF-7 cells (OHTR) compared with parental cells. Proliferation of OHTR cells was repressed by siRNAs targeting 26S subunits, non-ATPase 1 (PSMD1) and tetraspanin12 (TSPAN12). Furthermore, knockdown of PSMD1 inhibited cell cycle progression and p53 protein degradation. p21 and 14-3-3σ, target genes of p53, were upregulated by PSMD1 knockdown. These findings would be used for the development of alternative diagnostic and therapeutic options for endocrine-resistant breast cancers. Citation Format: Toshiyuki Okumura, Kazuhiro Ikeda, Wataru Sato, Kuniko Horie-Inoue, Satoshi Inoue, Satoru Takeda, Koji Okamoto. Proteasome subunit PSMD1 participates in p53 degradation and regulates proliferation of breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3611. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-3611
Guiding antibiotic treatment with inflammatory biomarkers in COPD? Another brick in the wall
Authors: Philipp Schuetz, Daiana Stolz
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often prompt initiation of empirical antibiotic treatment, although in many cases a bacterial pathogen cannot be detected, and viruses may indeed account for a large proportion of episodes. Indeed, data supporting the effectiveness of the broad antibiotic utilisation at exacerbation not requiring intensive care are insufficient. Herein, personalising antibiotic treatment based on a patient's individual risk for bacterial infection has great potential to improve antibiotic stewardship efforts to encourage judicious and correct usage of these agents and mitigate the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens, one of the most urgent threats to global health and directly linked to antibiotic overuse. Integration of host response markers, which correlate with bacterial infection, into the overall assessment and clinical care of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD has high potential to improve individual antibiotic decisions. Among such promising host response markers in acute exacerbation of COPD, procalcitonin (PCT), a marker specific to bacterial infections, and C-reactive protein (CRP), a more general inflammatory marker with high sensitivity, have generated most interest. Several randomised trials have found PCT to result in a significant reduction of antibiotic usage with a similar resolution of clinical symptoms in patients with sepsis and respiratory infections, including acute exacerbation of COPD [1, 2]. In fact, a meta-analysis based on individual data of 1252 patients with COPD exacerbation found PCT guidance to result in a significant reduction in antibiotic initiation (72% versus 43%) and antibiotic exposure (5.3 versus 3.1 days) with no difference in mortality (4% versus 3%) or risk of treatment failure (17% versus 17%) [3]. Still, a recent trial investigating COPD patients needing intensive care treatment did not report a significant effect of PCT on antibiotic usage, and non-inferiority of PCT in regard to clinical outcomes could not be demonstrated [4]. CRP has been used successfully to direct antibiotic treatment in primary care studies [5, 6], and observational research suggested CRP may be more suitable to direct antibiotic treatment in acute exacerbation of COPD compared to PCT [7]. Still, randomised trials looking at the effect of CRP for guiding antibiotic decisions in patients with acute COPD exacerbation have been largely missing. More studies are needed to guide antibiotic treatment with inflammatory biomarkers in COPD <http://ow.ly/bJcJ30oklR2>
Abstract 13800: Optimal Medical Therapy Reduces Functional Mitral Regurgitation Severity
Authors: Marissa A Donatelle, Nitisha Lotun, Michael Salerno, David Scott Lim, Jamie L Kennedy
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The NIH estimates that mitral regurgitation affects 2.5 million Americans. The presence of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) in patients with systolic heart failure (SHF) is assoc...
Integrated stepped alcohol treatment for patients with HIV and alcohol use disorder: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: E Jennifer Edelman, Stephen A Maisto, Nathan B Hansen, Christopher J Cutter, James Dziura, Yanhong Deng, Lynn E Fiellin, Patrick G O'Connor, Roger Bedimo, Cynthia L Gibert, Vincent C Marconi, David Rimland, Maria C Rodriguez-Barradas, Michael S Simberkoff, Janet P Tate, Amy C Justice, Kendall J Bryant, David A Fiellin
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2019)