tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Does use of hormonal contraceptives impact on severe exacerbation in women with asthma?: A 17-year population-based cohort study
Authors: Bright I Nwaru, Holly Tibble, Syed A Shah, Rebecca Pillinger, Susannah Mclean, Dermot Ryan, Hilary O D Critchley, David Price, Catherine M. Hawrylowicz, Colin R. Simpson, Ireneous N. Soyiri, Francis Appiagyei, Aziz Sheikh
Journal: Thorax (2020)

FUNDING: This work was supported by Asthma UK, grant number: AUK-IG-2016-346 and Health Data Research UK. We thank Optimum Patient Care (OPC) and Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd (OPRI) for making the OPCRD database (www.opcrd.co.uk) available free of charge. BN acknowledges the support of Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden, and the VBG Group Herman Krefting Foundation on Asthma and Allergy. AS acknowledges support of Health Data Research UK (BREATHE). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: We would like to thank Dr Lynn Morrice for administrative assistance and members of the Patient and Public Involvement group of the Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research who helped shape this project during the grant application stage. We also thank Dr Susannah McLean who helped with selection of Read codes and design of strategy for determining start and end dates of pregnancies. We are grateful to Optimum Patient Care (OPC) and Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd (OPRI) for making the OPCRD database (www.opcrd.co.uk) available free of charge. We also thank Derek Skinner of OPRI who contributed to the creation of the study data-cut, identification of READ codes and IMD Centiles.
Going Beyond One Size Fits All in Surgical Bundled Payments
Authors: Joshua M. Liao, Sandra L. Wong, Danny Chu
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Metabolic adaptation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia to the central nervous system microenvironment depends on stearoyl-CoA desaturase
Authors: Angela Maria Savino, Sara Isabel Fernandes, Orianne Olivares, Anna Zemlyansky, Antony Cousins, Elke K. Markert, Shani Barel, Ifat Geron, Liron Frishman, Yehudit Birger, Cornelia Eckert, Sergey Tumanov, Gillian MacKay, Jurre J. Kamphorst, Pawel Herzyk, Jonatan Fernández-García, Ifat Abramovich, Inbal Mor, Michela Bardini, Ersilia Barin, Sudha Janaki-Raman, Justin R. Cross, Michael G. Kharas, Eyal Gottlieb, Shai Izraeli, Christina Halsey
Journal: Nature Cancer (2020)
Keeping track of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine pipeline
Authors: Edward P. K. Parker, Madhumita Shrotri, Beate Kampmann
Journal: Nature reviews. Immunology (2020)

This Web Watch introduces the VaC tracker, a web resource that features an overview of the COVID-19 'vaccine landscape', a clinical trials database and a 'living review' that distils the results of vaccine trials as they become available.
In-hospital cardiac arrest in critically ill patients with covid-19: multicenter cohort study
Authors: Salim S Hayek, Samantha K Brenner, Tariq U Azam, Husam R Shadid, Elizabeth Anderson, Hanna Berlin, Michael Pan, Chelsea Meloche, Rafey Feroz, Patrick O’Hayer, Rayan Kaakati, Abbas Bitar, Kishan Padalia, Daniel Perry, Pennelope Blakely, Shruti Gupta, Shahzad Shaefi, Anand Srivastava, David M Charytan, Anip Bansal, Mary Mallappallil, Michal L Melamed, Alexandre M Shehata, Jag Sunderram, Kusum S Mathews, Anne K Sutherland, Brahmajee K Nallamothu, David E Leaf
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Abstract Objectives To estimate the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes associated with in-hospital cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in critically ill adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). Design Multicenter cohort study. Setting Intensive care units at 68 geographically diverse hospitals across the United States. Participants Critically ill adults (age ≥18 years) with laboratory confirmed covid-19. Main outcome measures In-hospital cardiac arrest within 14 days of admission to an intensive care unit and in-hospital mortality. Results Among 5019 critically ill patients with covid-19, 14.0% (701/5019) had in-hospital cardiac arrest, 57.1% (400/701) of whom received cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Patients who had in-hospital cardiac arrest were older (mean age 63 (standard deviation 14) v 60 (15) years), had more comorbidities, and were more likely to be admitted to a hospital with a smaller number of intensive care unit beds compared with those who did not have in-hospital cardiac arrest. Patients who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation were younger than those who did not (mean age 61 (standard deviation 14) v 67 (14) years). The most common rhythms at the time of cardiopulmonary resuscitation were pulseless electrical activity (49.8%, 199/400) and asystole (23.8%, 95/400). 48 of the 400 patients (12.0%) who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation survived to hospital discharge, and only 7.0% (28/400) survived to hospital discharge with normal or mildly impaired neurological status. Survival to hospital discharge differed by age, with 21.2% (11/52) of patients younger than 45 years surviving compared with 2.9% (1/34) of those aged 80 or older. Conclusions Cardiac arrest is common in critically ill patients with covid-19 and is associated with poor survival, particularly among older patients.
Exosomes derived from Vδ2-T cells control Epstein-Barr virus–associated tumors and induce T cell antitumor immunity
Authors: Xiwei Wang, Zheng Xiang, Yinping Liu, Chunyu Huang, Yujun Pei, Xia Wang, Hui Zhi, Wilfred Hing-Sang Wong, Haiming Wei, Irene Oi-Lin Ng, Pamela Pui-Wah Lee, Godfrey Chi-Fung Chan, Yu-Lung Lau, Wenwei Tu
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2020)

Exosomes from expanded allogeneic Vδ2-T cells kill EBV-associated tumors and promote antitumor immune responses.
Abstract IA10: Targeting melanoma metabolism to overcome resistance to treatment
Authors: Allison Betoff, Jonathan Zippin, Taha Merghoub, Paul B. Chapman, Jedd Wolchok
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Despite adequate oxygen levels, cancer cells undergo anaerobic glycolysis converting glucose to lactate (the Warburg effect). It is now thought that the advantage of this for the cancer cell is that it provides the carbon and nitrogen precursors critical for macromolecule synthesis (amino acids, nucleotides, fatty acids) while still providing an adequate supply of ATP needed for growth. Understanding this metabolic landscape may provide strategies to overcome mechanisms of resistance to therapy in melanoma. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been shown to inactivate BRAF by phosphorylating Ser 729, and in preclinical models, this can be used to enhance inhibitors of BRAFV600E. In the high ATP environment of a melanoma cell, AMPK is typically low but inducers of AMPK, such as biguanides, increase AMPK. The biguanide metformin does not enter melanoma cells efficiently due to the lack of organic cation transporter (OCT) expression on melanoma cells. However, phenformin does not require OCT for uptake. We are conducting a phase I trial in BRAF V600E-mutated melanoma patients using dabrafenib/trametinib and escalating doses of phenformin. One of the pharmacodynamic effects of phenformin is weight loss, which we are measuring. Interestingly, obesity has been associated with improved outcome in male melanoma patients treated with anti-PD1 antibodies. In contrast, our data in melanoma patients treated with anti-PD1 antibody immunotherapy do not show an association between outcome and obesity. Another consequence of anaerobic glycolysis is generation and excretion of large amounts of lactate. There is evidence that lactate can inhibit T-cell function, and we will discuss strategies to block lactate transport to enhance immunotherapy. Citation Format: Allison Betoff, Jonathan Zippin, Taha Merghoub, Paul B. Chapman, Jedd Wolchok. Targeting melanoma metabolism to overcome resistance to treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Melanoma: From Biology to Target; 2019 Jan 15-18; Houston, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(19 Suppl):Abstract nr IA10.
Inaccurate Estimates of Negotiated Reimbursement Prices for Insulin—Reply
Authors: Amir Meiri, Dennis Ross-Degnan, J. Frank Wharam
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Evolving type 1 diabetes in distinguishing between type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Authors: N E Hill, N S Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Distinguishing between newly diagnosed type 1 or type 2 diabetes can be challenging.1 As a nation, we are becoming more obese, thus increasing predisposition to type 2 diabetes, and we are more often recognising type 1 diabetes in older adults.23 This can blur the lines between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

All relevant factors should be considered when …
Tamoxifen Accelerates Endothelial Healing by Targeting ERα in Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Rana Zahreddine, Morgane Davezac, Natalia Smirnova, Melissa Buscato, Emeline Lhuillier, Adrien Lupieri, Romain Solinhac, Alexia Vinel, Emilie Vessieres, Daniel Henrion, Marie-Ange Renault, Alain-Pierre Gadeau, Gilles Flouriot, Françoise Lenfant, Muriel Laffargue, Raphaël Métivier, Jean-François Arnal, Coralie Fontaine
Journal: Circulation Research (2020)

Tamoxifen prevents the recurrence of breast cancer and is also beneficial against bone demineralization and arterial diseases. It acts as an ER (estrogen receptor) α antagonist in ER-positive breast cancers, whereas it mimics the protective action of 17β-estradiol in other tissues such as arteries. However, the mechanisms of these tissue-specific actions remain unclear.Here, we tested whether tamoxifen is able to accelerate endothelial healing and analyzed the underlying mechanisms.Using 3 complementary mouse models of carotid artery injury, we demonstrated that both tamoxifen and estradiol accelerated endothelial healing, but only tamoxifen required the presence of the underlying medial smooth muscle cells. Chronic treatment with 17β-estradiol and tamoxifen elicited differential gene expression profiles in the carotid artery. The use of transgenic mouse models targeting either whole ERα in a cell-specific manner or ERα subfunctions (membrane/extranuclear versus genomic/transcriptional) demonstrated that 17β-estradiol-induced acceleration of endothelial healing is mediated by membrane ERα in endothelial cells, while the effect of tamoxifen is mediated by the nuclear actions of ERα in smooth muscle cells.Whereas tamoxifen acts as an antiestrogen and ERα antagonist in breast cancer but also on the membrane ERα of endothelial cells, it accelerates endothelial healing through activation of nuclear ERα in smooth muscle cells, inviting to revisit the mechanisms of action of selective modulation of ERα.
Tumor-Educated Platelet RNA for the Detection and (Pseudo)progression Monitoring of Glioblastoma
Authors: Nik Sol, Sjors G.J.G. in ‘t Veld, Adrienne Vancura, Maud Tjerkstra, Cyra Leurs, François Rustenburg, Pepijn Schellen, Heleen Verschueren, Edward Post, Kenn Zwaan, Jip Ramaker, Laurine E. Wedekind, Jihane Tannous, Bauke Ylstra, Joep Killestein, Farrah Mateen, Sander Idema, Philip C. de Witt Hamer, Anna C. Navis, William P.J. Leenders, Ann Hoeben, Bastiaan Moraal, David P. Noske, W. Peter Vandertop, R. Jonas A. Nilsson, Bakhos A. Tannous, Pieter Wesseling, Jaap C. Reijneveld, Myron G. Best, Thomas Wurdinger
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2020)

Tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) are potential biomarkers for cancer diagnostics. We employ TEP-derived RNA panels, determined by swarm intelligence, to detect and monitor glioblastoma. We assessed specificity by comparing the spliced RNA profile of TEPs from glioblastoma patients with multiple sclerosis and brain metastasis patients (validation series, n = 157; accuracy, 80%; AUC, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.74–0.89; p < 0.001]). Second, analysis of patients with glioblastoma versus asymptomatic healthy controls in an independent validation series (n = 347) provided a detection accuracy of 95% and AUC of 0.97 (95% CI, 0.95–0.99; p < 0.001). Finally, we developed the digitalSWARM algorithm to improve monitoring of glioblastoma progression and demonstrate that the TEP tumor scores of individual glioblastoma patients represent tumor behavior and could be used to distinguish false positive progression from true progression (validation series, n = 20; accuracy, 85%; AUC, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.70–1.00; p < 0.012]). In conclusion, TEPs have potential as a minimally invasive biosource for blood-based diagnostics and monitoring of glioblastoma patients.
Hepatocellular carcinoma incidence with tenofovir versus entecavir in chronic hepatitis B: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng-Hao Tseng, Yao-Chun Hsu, Tzu-Haw Chen, Fanpu Ji, I-Sung Chen, Ying-Nan Tsai, Hoang Hai, Le Thi Thanh Thuy, Tetsuya Hosaka, Hitomi Sezaki, John A Borghi, Ramsey Cheung, Masaru Enomoto, Mindie H Nguyen
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2020)
Blockade of immune checkpoints in lymph nodes through locoregional delivery augments cancer immunotherapy
Authors: David M. Francis, Margaret P. Manspeaker, Alex Schudel, Lauren F. Sestito, Meghan J. O’Melia, Haydn T. Kissick, Brian P. Pollack, Edmund K. Waller, Susan N. Thomas
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2020)

Anticancer therapeutic effects can be improved by directing immune checkpoint blockade antibodies to tumor-draining lymph nodes.
THE BACTERIOLOGY OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS.
Authors: L DIAZ MARTIN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Engineered extracellular vesicle decoy receptor-mediated modulation of the IL6 trans-signalling pathway in muscle
Authors: Mariana Conceição, Laura Forcina, Oscar P.B. Wiklander, Dhanu Gupta, Joel Z. Nordin, Besarte Vrellaku, Graham McClorey, Imre Mäger, André Gӧrgens, Per Lundin, Antonio Musarò, Matthew J.A. Wood, Samir EL Andaloussi, Thomas C. Roberts
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
Completion of clinical trials in light of COVID-19
Authors: Talha Khan Burki
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2020)

Over the past few months, more than 80 000 Americans with COVID-19 have been treated with convalescent plasma, under an expanded access programme. The programme was discontinued on Aug 23, 2020, after the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorised the emergency use of convalescent plasma in hospitalised patients with COVID-19. "This product may be effective in treating COVID-19", stated the FDA. "The known and potential benefits...outweigh the known and potential risks." The agency had good reason to sound so cautious.
How Much Physical Guidance is Needed to Orient Growing Axons in 3D Hydrogels?
Authors: Jonas C. Rose, David B. Gehlen, Abdolrahman Omidinia‐Anarkoli, Maaike Fölster, Tamás Haraszti, Esther E. Jaekel, Laura De Laporte
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Abstract Directing cells is essential to organize multi‐cellular organisms that are built up from subunits executing specific tasks. This guidance requires a precisely controlled symphony of biochemical, mechanical, and structural signals. While many guiding mechanisms focus on 2D structural patterns or 3D biochemical gradients, injectable material platforms that elucidate how cellular processes are triggered by defined 3D physical guiding cues are still lacking but crucial for the repair of soft tissues. Herein, a recently developed anisotropic injectable hybrid hydrogel (Anisogel) contains rod‐shaped microgels that orient in situ by a magnetic field and has propelled studying 3D cell guidance. Here, the Anisogel is used to investigate the dependence of axonal guidance on microgel dimensions, aspect ratio, and distance. While large microgels result in high material anisotropy, they significantly reduce neurite outgrowth and thus the guidance efficiency. Narrow and long microgels enable strong axonal guidance with maximal outgrowth including cell sensing over distances of tens of micrometers in 3D. Moreover, nerve cells decide to orient inside the Anisogel within the first three days, followed by strengthening of the alignment, which goes along with oriented fibronectin deposition. These findings demonstrate the potential of the Anisogel to tune structural and mechanical parameters for specific applications.
Head of charity founded by fertility pioneer claims unfair dismissal after whistleblowing
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The former chief executive of a medical research charity founded by the IVF pioneer Robert Winston is accusing him and the charity of using a “sham” redundancy to sack her for whistleblowing about a threatened breach of a legal obligation.1

Dyan Sterling, who was made redundant in August from her job at the Genesis Research Trust, has taken Winston and the trust to the central London employment tribunal.

Sterling asked the tribunal for interim relief—an order requiring the trust to keep her in her employment until a full hearing of the case. This requires a judge to predict what a tribunal hearing the case would be “likely” to decide at the end of the hearing.

The trust, founded by …
Treatment‐emergent adverse events in dupilumab‐treated patients with allergic diseases: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Xiaohong Chen, Menghui Liu, Shuo Wu, Zizhen Huang, Xia Li, Xiaoping Lai, Hongwei Bao, Jiancong Huang, Lihong Chang, Gehua Zhang
Journal: Allergy (2020)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Pediatric-Inspired Protocol Improved Overall Survival in Young Adult Aged 18-30 Years Old with Philadelphia-Negative Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Compared to the Standard Adult Hypercvad Protocol
Authors: Victor Ling Wei Teik, Elaine Seah, Michelle Poon, Melissa Ooi, Allen Eng Juh Yeoh, Chin Hin Ng
Journal: Blood (2017)
<i>Pseudomonas</i> and risk factor mitigation for chronic lung allograft dysfunction
Authors: Allan R. Glanville
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

The relationship between bronchopulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa and chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) has often stimulated considerations of primacy. Which came first, the chicken or the egg? Unlike binary logic, natural circumstances are more complex and demand a pluralistic view of causality, notwithstanding the recognition that in systems of coexistence, mitigation of deleterious outcomes can still be achieved by reducing one of the driving factors in the equation. So it is with airway disease, both large and small, after lung transplantation [1, 2]. Mucosal and structural damage promote an unhealthy local milieu with impaired barrier function, compromised local immunity and reduced efficacy of mucociliary transport. Perturbations of the pulmonary microbiome along with chemical damage from often occult gastric aspiration set the foundation for such a scenario. However, unlike fibrotic luminal occlusion of small airways typical of obliterative bronchiolitis, which is permanent, the damage described above may be amenable to change [3]. Univariable analysis supports attempts at "eradicating" Pseudomonas from bronchopulmonary secretions after lung transplantation <https://bit.ly/2Nw6h5P>
Cobitolimod for moderate-to-severe, left-sided ulcerative colitis (CONDUCT): a phase 2b randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging induction trial
Authors: Raja Atreya, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Andrii Klymenko, Monica Augustyn, Igor Bakulin, Dusan Slankamenac, Pal Miheller, Antonio Gasbarrini, Xavier Hébuterne, Karin Arnesson, Thomas Knittel, Jan Kowalski, Markus F Neurath, William J Sandborn, Walter Reinisch
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2020)