tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OC-077 The international cooperative study evaluating the effect of fully covered self-expanding metallic stents compared with plastic stents for resolution of pancreatic ductal strictures and pain relief in patients with chronic pancreatitis
Authors: N Phillips, A Siddiqui, C Wadsworth, P Vlavianos, D Diehl, T Kowalski, D Loren, R Sharaiha, D Westaby
Journal: Gut (2017)

Introduction  Endoscopic placement of plastic stents (PS) is first-line therapy for pancreatic duct strictures in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Fully covered, self-expandable metal stents (cSEMS) offers an alternative to plastic stents for stricture resolution.  Method  Patients at 6 tertiary centres with a dominant stricture in the pancreatic head and abdominal pain who underwent an ERCP were divided into 2 groups: 1) those that underwent PS placement and 2) those that underwent cSEMS placement. Technical success (successful stent placement), stricture resolution rate, pain reduction, and AEs were evaluated in both groups.  Results  A total of 185 patients between 2011 and 2016 were included: 93 underwent cSEMS placement and 92 had PS placed. The etiologies of chronic pancreatitis were predominantly due to alcohol (55%). All patients in the cSEMS and 77% in the PS groups had daily opioid use for pain control. 57% patients in the cSEMS group had failed previous endotherapy with PS. There were no significant differences in cSEMS and PS groups with regards to technical success (99% vs. 100%) or overall procedural AEs (8.6% vs. 5.4%; p=0.4). Post-ERCP pancreatitis was 4% with cSEMS and 3.2% with PS (p=1). Stricture resolution was achieved in 86% patients with cSEMS and in 55.4% patients with PS (OR 4.95; p  Conclusion  cSEMS are associated with improved resolution of dominant pancreatic duct strictures in the pancreatic head/neck with fewer endoscopic sessions when compared with plastic stents. A greater number of patients with cSEMS were able to decrease their opioid dosage as compared to the PS group.  Disclosure of Interest  None Declared
How Best to Teach Women Breast Self-Examination
Authors: Suzanne W. Fletcher, Michael S. O'Malley, JoAnne L. Earp, Timothy M. Morgan, Shao Lin, Darrah Degnan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Abstract Objective:To compare three methods for teaching breast self-examination. Design:Randomized controlled trial with factorial design. Setting:A general medicine group practice in a university...
THE ‘BUBBLE-SIGN’ IS A USEFUL ADJUNCT IN PRECISE COLD SNARE POST-POLYPECTOMY DEFECT ASSESSMENT
Authors: I Beintaris, S Esmaily
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is a safe and efficient technique for resection of colorectal polyps, especially those up to 10mm, but also for lesions larger than 10mm, with acceptable recurrence rates. Although CSP-related perforations are rare, Rodriguez-Sanchez et al recently demonstrated the ‘bubble-sign’ as a way to assess post-CSP defects for perforation.
Africa's struggle with inadequate COVID-19 testing
Authors: Paul Adepoju
Journal: The Lancet Microbe (2020)

The hallmark of effective disease control is early diagnosis, and the prognosis of Africa's recent outbreaks before coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially Ebola and Lassa fever, largely hinged on it. Early diagnosis is even more important for COVID-19 pandemic, considering transmission risks potentially posed by asymptomatic individuals.
Differential hypermethylation of the VTRNA2-1 promoter in hepatocellular carcinoma as a prognostic factor: Tumor marker prognostic study
Authors: Ming-Chin Yu, Chao-Wei Lee, Chia-Hung Lin, Chun-Hsing Wu, Yun-Shien Lee, Chia-Lung Tsai, Chi-Neu Tsai
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2020)
MISMATCH REPAIR GENE VARIATION IN A COHORT OF IRISH LYNCH SYNDROME PATIENTS
Authors: T Ryan, S Foy, J Leyden, P MacMathuna, N Mehigan Farrelly, M Elsiddig
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Lynch syndrome (LS) is the commonest known cause of hereditary colorectal cancer, caused by pathogenic variants in the mismatch repair genes (MMR)- MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, EPCAM. To date little research has been published on the specific variants that exist in Ireland. Variant classification can have a significant effect on management choices, whether pathogenic, of uncertain significance or benign. Pathogenic MMR variants vary in their predisposition to causing colorectal and gynaecological cancers.
CHOLANGIOSCOPY IN COMMON BILE DUCT STONE DISEASE: TWO YEAR EXPERIENCE AT A NON-TERTIARY CENTER
Authors: W Ahmed, K Jamil
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Single operator cholangioscopy (SOC) has been use in our centre since 2016. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of SOCP for common bile duct (CBD) stone disease in our high volume non-tertiary endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) center.
The PARACELSUS score: a diagnostic tool for pyoderma gangrenosum
Authors: F. Jockenhöfer, U. Wollina, K.A. Salva, S. Benson, J. Dissemond
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare, treatable skin disorder that causes ulcers ‐ usually a single one but sometimes more. It is not contagious. Often it is diagnosed by ruling out other diseases with similar symptoms, and it can be misdiagnosed. The aim of this study, from Germany, was to establish a scoring system that includes symptoms and features that are specific to PG, that could easily be used in clinics to diagnose the disorder. The scoring system, called PARACELSUS, was tested on 60 participants with previously confirmed PG, and a control group of 50 patients with leg ulcers that are not caused by PG. The criteria included in the scoring system relate to how the ulcer looks, how it progresses and which drugs help clear it. The authors conclude that, based on their tests, the PARACELSUS score represents an easily implementable, effective and accurate diagnostic tool for PG.
ACCURACY OF NEEDLE-BASED CONFOCAL LASER ENDOMICROSCOPY (NCLE) IN THE DISCRIMINATION OF MUCINOUS VS NON MUCINOUS PANCREATIC CYSTIC LESIONS: AN ITALIAN MULTICENTER PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: H Bertani, R Pezzilli, F Pigò, M Bruno, CD Angelis, G Manfredi, G Delconte, R Conigliaro, E Buscarini
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) are considered a precursor of pancreatic cancer as some of them may carry malignant potential.
SIMETHICONE CLEARS THE WAY FOR CAPSULES
Authors: A Douglas, S Sihag, S Semenov, B Ryan, A O’Connor, N Breslin, D McNamara
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Capsule endoscopy is a useful test for small bowel (SB) disease. Image quality as with all endoscopic tests can vary; Simethicone has been recommended to improve image quality by the ESGE but is not routinely used in our practice.
Pulmonary Arterial Thrombosis in COVID-19 With Fatal Outcome
Authors: Sigurd F. Lax, Kristijan Skok, Peter Zechner, Harald H. Kessler, Norbert Kaufmann, Camillo Koelblinger, Klaus Vander, Ute Bargfrieder, Michael Trauner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly become pandemic, with substantial mortality.To evaluate the pathologic changes of organ systems and the clinicopathologic basis for severe and fatal outcomes.Prospective autopsy study.Single pathology department.11 deceased patients with COVID-19 (10 of whom were selected at random for autopsy).Systematic macroscopic, histopathologic, and viral analysis (SARS-CoV-2 on real-time polymerase chain reaction assay), with correlation of pathologic and clinical features, including comorbidities, comedication, and laboratory values.Patients' age ranged from 66 to 91 years (mean, 80.5 years; 8 men, 3 women). Ten of the 11 patients received prophylactic anticoagulant therapy; venous thromboembolism was not clinically suspected antemortem in any of the patients. Both lungs showed various stages of diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), including edema, hyaline membranes, and proliferation of pneumocytes and fibroblasts. Thrombosis of small and mid-sized pulmonary arteries was found in various degrees in all 11 patients and was associated with infarction in 8 patients and bronchopneumonia in 6 patients. Kupffer cell proliferation was seen in all patients, and chronic hepatic congestion in 8 patients. Other changes in the liver included hepatic steatosis, portal fibrosis, lymphocytic infiltrates and ductular proliferation, lobular cholestasis, and acute liver cell necrosis, together with central vein thrombosis. Additional frequent findings included renal proximal tubular injury, focal pancreatitis, adrenocortical hyperplasia, and lymphocyte depletion of spleen and lymph nodes. Viral RNA was detectable in pharyngeal, bronchial, and colonic mucosa but not bile.The sample was small.COVID-19 predominantly involves the lungs, causing DAD and leading to acute respiratory insufficiency. Death may be caused by the thrombosis observed in segmental and subsegmental pulmonary arterial vessels despite the use of prophylactic anticoagulation. Studies are needed to further understand the thrombotic complications of COVID-19, together with the roles for strict thrombosis prophylaxis, laboratory and imaging studies, and early anticoagulant therapy for suspected pulmonary arterial thrombosis or thromboembolism.None.
SAFETY OF COLD SNARE POLYPECTOMY FOR DUODENAL ADENOMAS IN PATIENTS WITH FAMILIAL ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: Y Takeuchi, K Hamada, H Nakahira, Y Ezoe, M Kono, Y Shimamoto, H Fukuda, S Shichijo, N Matsuura, T Kanesaka, S Yamamoto, K Higashino, N Uedo, R Ishihara, H Ishikawa
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Duodenal adenomas occur in up to 90% of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), and patients with advanced-stage duodenal adenomas had a quite high risk of developing duodenal cancer (7%-36%). Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) for multiple duodenal adenomas in patients with FAP was feasible in a prospective pilot study, and a prospective cohort study to investigate the efficacy (down staging of Spiegelman score) is ongoing. The aim of the present study is to confirm the safety of this procedure in a large cohort.
TERAVOLT: Thoracic Cancers International COVID-19 Collaboration
Authors: Jennifer G. Whisenant, Annalisa Trama, Valter Torri, Alessandro De Toma, Giuseppe Viscardi, Alessio Cortellini, Olivier Michielin, Fabrice Barlesi, Anne-Marie C. Dingemans, Jan Van Meerbeeck, Vera Pancaldi, Ross A. Soo, Natasha B. Leighl, Solange Peters, Heather Wakelee, Marina Chiara Garassino, Leora Horn
Journal: Cancer Cell (2020)
SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF PERORAL ENDOSCOPIC MYOTOMY FOR ACHALASIA: A CANADIAN EXPERIENCE
Authors: M Jabrane, D Lauzon, É Désilets, T Manière
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Methods Retrospective analysis on consecutive patients who underwent POEM for achalasia between July 2017 and September 2019. The primary end point is the reduction of the Eckardt Score after POEM by 3 points. Secondary end points are adverse event rate, duration of hospital stay.
Remote digital monitoring in clinical trials in the time of COVID-19
Authors: Jennifer C. Goldsack, Elena S. Izmailova, Joseph P. Menetski, Steven C. Hoffmann, Peter M.A. Groenen, John A. Wagner
Journal: Nature Reviews Drug Discovery (2020)

Remote digital monitoring technologies can be used in clinical trials to evaluate novel end points that provide information that was previously difficult or impossible to obtain.These technologies could also make trials more efficient and less burdensome to participants while providing a more meaningful and complete understanding of patients' conditions and responses.However, despite these potential benefits, of the >73,000 active clinical trials listed on ClinicalTrials.gov,only 55 digital efficacy end points are currently being used in industry-sponsored trials of new medical products.Here, we highlight key points from a February 2020 workshop on remote digital monitoring convened by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Biomarkers Consortium, which involved experts from regulatory agencies, government, pharma and biotech companies, technology developers, patient groups and a variety of consortia (see Related links for slides and recordings).We focus on points that could be immediately useful during the COVID-19 pandemic in situations where clinic visits are restricted by quarantine measures and travel restrictions and the eligibility and ability of patients to participate in trials is affected.
FEDERAL CONTROL OF VACCINE VIRUS.
Authors: JOHN F. ANDERSON
Journal: JAMA (1905)

"An act to regulate the sale of viruses, serums, toxins and analogous products in the District of Columbia, to regulate interstate traffic in said articles, and for other purposes," and the regulations framed thereunder have now been in effect about 18 months, and I thought it might be profitable as well as interesting to call attention to the great improvements which I believe may fairly be traced to the operations of said act. Prior to the passage of this law there had been no legal control of vaccine virus in this country; and it would seem remarkable that so important a product as vaccine virus, affecting so intimately the protection of the community against such a loathsome disease as smallpox, should have no public supervision over its manufacture. Any one could make a product, label it vaccine virus and place it on the market regardless of the impurities contained therein or its lack of potency,
IS COLONOSCOPY GETTING SAFER? RESULTS OF POST POLYPECTOMY BLEEDING (PPB) RATES IN A REGIONAL NHS BOWEL CANCER SCREENING PROGRAMME (BCSP)
Authors: T Garvey, A Hadjinicolaou, D Swain, P Redmond, N Hall, E McDermott
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims To establish rates of PPB in our region of the BCSP and whether there has been a reduction in PPB over a 10-year period.
Acute Glomerulonephritis with Prolonged Oliguria
Authors: Charles D. Leonard, Raymond B. Nagle, Gary E. Striker, Ralph E. Cutler, Belding H. Scribner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Abstract Clinical and pathological features of oliguric acute glomerulonephritis were reviewed in 29 patients who required temporary or permanent dialysis; they were divided into two groups on the ...
Cytomegalovirus Esophagitis in Patients with AIDS
Authors: C. Mel Wilcox, David L. Diehl, John P. Cello, William Margaretten, Mark A. Jacobson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Objective: To examine the clinical presentation, endoscopic features, laboratory diagnosis, and outcome of cytomegalovirus esophagitis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)...
Patient may have injected methadone while in hospital
Authors: A. J Byrne
Journal: BMJ (1996)

infusion ended, an event better supervised during the normal working day.We do not agree that all patients with methadone overdose should be admitted empirically for 72 hours or that pulse oximetry should be performed continuously for this time.This would result in unnecessarily protracted admissions and inappropriate use of monitoring equipment.Pulse oximetry will not detect hypoventilation in a patient being given supplemental oxygen.'After an initial bolus, the early introduction of a naloxone infusion titrated to the clinical response is appropriate management; this can be stopped after 12-24 hours with the patient kept under close clinical scrutiny for sev- eral hours thereafter, particular attention being paid to the conscious level and respiratory rate and depth.Any deterioration in these variables necessitates resumption of the naloxone infusion with an initial bolus as required.In summary, in this case flumazenil was inappropriately given and the use of naloxone can best be described as too little, with the infusion being given too late and stopped too soon, apparently without adequate clinical supervision.The clinical toxicology results are interesting, but only in relation to the postmortem discussion.The lessons in this case are not those advanced by the authors.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Screening Tests and Treatment for Post–Acute Coronary Syndrome Depression
Authors: Jason A. Nieuwsma, John W. Williams, Natasha Namdari, Jeffrey B. Washam, Giselle Raitz, James A. Blumenthal, Wei Jiang, Roshini Yapa, Amanda J. McBroom, Kathryn Lallinger, Robyn Schmidt, Andrzej S. Kosinski, Gillian D. Sanders
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

This systematic review addresses the identification and treatment of depression in patients who have recently had an acute coronary syndrome event.
Adoptive cellular therapy with T cells expressing the dendritic cell growth factor Flt3L drives epitope spreading and antitumor immunity
Authors: Junyun Lai, Sherly Mardiana, Imran G. House, Kevin Sek, Melissa A. Henderson, Lauren Giuffrida, Amanda X. Y. Chen, Kirsten L. Todd, Emma V. Petley, Jack D. Chan, Emma M. Carrington, Andrew M. Lew, Benjamin J. Solomon, Joseph A. Trapani, Katherine Kedzierska, Maximilien Evrard, Stephin J. Vervoort, Jason Waithman, Phillip K. Darcy, Paul A. Beavis
Journal: Nature Immunology (2020)
Prognosis of Advanced Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: John F. Maher, Karl D. Nolph, Cedric W. Bryan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Abstract A follow-up study of 112 patients with advanced renal failure showed a median survival, after serum creatinine concentration exceeded 10 mg/100 ml, of 68 days in 36 patients, and an interv...
MAGNETITE NANOPARTICLES AS CONTRAST AGENTS FOR TERAHERTZ IMAGING ENDOSCOPY IN GASTROENTEROLOGY - IN VITRO SAFETY ESTIMATION
Authors: V Drug, T Alexa-Stratulat, A Luca, G Stefanescu, BI Tamba, MA Pasare, GD Stanciu, I Ciortescu, C Mihai, IA Cianga-Spiridon, L Ungureanu, V Ianole, CT Mihai
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy and imaging is a relatively new arrived technology, with a plethora of possible applications in physics, chemistry, biology, materials science and medicine. In medicine, terahertz imaging could represent the future of noninvasive methods for early detection of different pathologies, with a special focus on oncology. The background for terahertz imaging is based on differences in water content and structural variations in tissues, normal and neoplastic structures displays obviously different THz absorption. An important aspect of terahertz imaging is also the identification and the development of new contrast agents to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of the method. The aim of study is the evaluation of the new developed nanoparticles as contrast agents by in vitro tests in order to assess the safety profile and the possible genotoxic impact.
CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF SMALL BOWEL MALIGNANCIES DIAGNOSED BY VIDEO CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY AND BALLOON-ASSISTED ENTEROSCOPY: A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: AY Yoo, SM Kim, JJ Park, WS Kim, HJ Chun, SH Kim, SW Lee, CH Yang, BJ Lee
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Small bowel malignancies often present a diagnostic challenge due to their relative rarity and nonspecific findings. However, technical developments in endoscopic instruments, including video capsule endoscopy (VCE) and enteroscopy, allow visualization of the entire small bowel. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features of small bowel malignant cancers diagnosed by VCE and double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in a single tertiary center.
ENDOSCOPY AND GENDER, SIMILIARTIES AND DIFFERENCES
Authors: NA Freha, R Gat, V Novack, B Yousef, LB Shoshan, D Yardeni, A Nevo-Shor, O Etzion
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Our aim was to assess similarities and differences among males and females underwent endoscopy, including indications and results.
OVERLAP OF IGG4 POSITIVE PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS WITH AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH SCHISTOSOMAL PROCTITIS AND MICROSCOPIC COLITIS: A CASE PRESENTATION
Authors: H Shabana, E Abdel-Khalek, M Maher, H Hakim, O Abdallah, M Algazzar, M Elbasiony, A-E El-Desoky, S Eletripy, A Alfakhry, M Bahgat, A Aldesouky, S Abdelmaqsood, A Menessy, S Elgamal, M Khattab, M Attwa, F Azzam, MZ Alsherif, S Salim, W Alkashef, M Askar
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Methods Thirty Six years old male presented by 4 weeks of jaundice,fever, rigors, epistaxis. There was associated generalized fatigue, pruritus, dark urine .Bowel habits were normal.There was no history of drug intake or viral hepatitis. Lap.cholecystectomy was done 2 months earlier. Total bilirubin: 7.9 mg/dl,direct bilirubin: 4.5 mg/dl,Albumin:3.4 gm/dl, INR:1.5, ALT: 76 IU/L,AST:134 IU/L, Alkaline phosphatase:123 KA, GGT:123 IU/L.ANA, Anti-ds DNA,AMA,ASMA,ALKM,P-ANCA,total IgA level and IgA tTG,all were normal.Total IgG:4122 mg/dl (700–1800 mg/dl),IgG4:207 mg/dl (8–140 mg/dl),Total IgM: 400 mg/dl(< 240 mg/dl). Serum iron and cupper studies were normal.CBC showed thrombocytopenia (142 × 10ˆ9/L).Multiphasic abdomenal CT showed enlarged liver with multiple cirrhotic nodules. Moderately enlarged spleen with no focal lesions.Mild pelvic ascites. MRCP showed normal CBD .IHBRs showed stenotic segments with distal dilatation denoting inflammatory process (cholangitis).No pancreatic duct dilatation.
Decline in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding during COVID-19 pandemic after initiation of lockdown in Austria
Authors: Andreas Schmiderer, Hubert Schwaighofer, Lukas Niederreiter, Christoph Profanter, Hartmut Steinle, Alexander Ziachehabi, Herbert Tilg
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world. The Austrian government implemented a lockdown on 16 March to contain further spread of the disease. We investigated the effects of lockdown on acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in Austria.We contacted 98 Austrian hospitals performing emergency endoscopies. The hospitals were asked to report upper GI endoscopies performed for recent hematemesis, melena, or both, and exhibiting endoscopically visible signs of bleeding. The study period was from 3 weeks before (calendar Week 9) to 3 weeks after (Week 14) initiation of the lockdown.61 % of Austrian hospitals, and importantly all major state hospitals, responded. A total of 575 upper GI bleedings occurred during the 3 weeks before and 341 during the 3 weeks after initiation of lockdown (40.7 % reduction). There was a 54.6 % decline in nonvariceal bleeding events at Week 14 compared with Week 9 (89 vs. 196), whereas rates of variceal hemorrhage did not change (15 vs. 17).National lockdown resulted in a dramatic decrease in upper GI bleeding events in Austrian hospitals.
FIRST SURVEILLANCE COLONOSCOPY FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE - ARE WE GETTING IT RIGHT FROM THE START?
Authors: L Tapper, H Lyne, R Cama, R Patel, K Besherdas
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Surveillance for colorectal cancer (CRC) is necessary in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) have a similar CRC risk to those with Crohn’s colitis (CC). British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) outline screening recommendations including surveillance intervals and pancolonic dye spraying with targeted biopsies. We aimed to identify reasons why the first surveillance colonoscopy is not being performed as advised.