tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
How DECISION-CTO Can Help Guide the Decision to Perform Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Emmanouil S. Brilakis, Kambis Mashayekhi, M. Nicholas Burke
Journal: Circulation (2019)

oronary chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are completely occluded coronary arteries without antegrade coronary flow and an estimated duration of at least 3 months. 12][3][4][5] Patients with CTOs in the setting of multivessel complex coronary artery disease are often treated with coronary bypass graft surgery.However, some patients with complex coronary artery disease are not candidates for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), refuse CABG, or have already undergone CABG.Some other patients have isolated CTOs or few additional lesions.Should such patients undergo CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)?This can be a challenging decision to make because CTO PCI has lower success and higher complication rates in comparison with PCI of nonocclusive lesions. 6,7 WHAT IS KNOWNSeveral observational studies and 4 randomized, controlled trials have examined the impact of CTO PCI on clinical outcomes.Earlier studies compared successful versus failed CTO PCI and reported significantly worse early and late outcomes among patients who had failed procedures. 8his comparison is hard to interpret because patients who have failed procedures have worse baseline clinical characteristics, and the failure itself may predispose to subsequent adverse events. 8Observational studies have also compared CTO PCI versus medical therapy and have generally reported better outcomes with CTO PCI, yet the lack of randomization also prevents any definitive conclusions. 1 Four randomized, controlled clinical trials of CTO PCI versus no CTO PCI have been published to date.The EXPLORE trial (Evaluating Xience and Left Ventricular Function in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Occlusions After ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) randomly assigned 304 patients who underwent primary PCI for acute ST-segment-elevation acute myocardial infarction and had a coexisting noninfarct-related artery CTO to CTO PCI (73% success) versus no CTO PCI.At 4 months, cardiac MRI showed no difference between the 2 groups in left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (the primary end points of the study). 9imilarly, the REVASC trial (A Randomized Trial to Assess Regional Left Ventricular Function after Stent Implantation in Chronic Total Occlusion) in patients with a stable coronary artery disease and a CTO randomly assigned 205 patients to CTO PCI and no CTO PCI.At 6 months, cardiac MRI showed no difference between the 2 groups in segmental wall thickening in the CTO territory and regional and global left ventricular function, as well. 10
Abstract 19280: Real World Comparisons of Major Bleeding Risk Stratified by CHA2DS2-VASc Scores Among Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation Patients Initiating Apixaban or Warfarin
Authors: Gregory Y Lip, Allison Keshishian, Shital Kamble, Xianying Pan, Jack Mardekian, Ruslan Horblyuk, Melissa Hamilton
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Objective: To compare the risk of major bleeding overall and stratified by CHA2DS2-VASc score, among non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients initiating apixaban and warfarin. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using MarketScan® Commercial and Medicare supplemental data. NVAF patients newly prescribed warfarin or apixaban with ≥1 year of baseline period were identified (study period: 01JAN2012-30JUN2015). Patients were stratified by CHA2DS2-VASc score, an indicator of stroke risk, where patients with a score <2 and ≥2 were considered low and high risk for stroke, respectively. Major bleeding was defined as bleeding requiring hospitalization (based on the first listed ICD-9-CM diagnosis code). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of major bleeding risk, adjusted for age, sex, geographic region, and baseline comorbidities. Results: The study included 36,427 patients: 13,456 apixaban (37%) and 22,971 warfarin (63%); among whom 10,671 (79%) apixaban an...
Modulation of pericytes by a fusion protein comprising of a PDGFRβ-antagonistic affibody and TNFα induces tumor vessel normalization and improves chemotherapy
Authors: Qing Fan, Ze Tao, Hao Yang, Qiuxiao Shi, Hong Wang, Dianlong Jia, Lin Wan, Jie Zhang, Jingqiu Cheng, Xiaofeng Lu
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2019)
Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Rhinoviruses, and Recurrent Wheezing
Authors: Octavio Ramilo, Rosa Rodriguez-Fernandez, Asuncion Mejias
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Abstract 18409: Longer Ambulatory Monitoring Increases Identification of Clinically Significant Ectopy
Authors: Zak Loring, Peter Hanna, Cara Pellegrini
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) can cause a reversible reduction in left ventricular systolic function. Prior studies have found that this cardiomyopathy is associated with PVC counts exceeding 13-37% of total heart beats. Most of these studies used 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiograms (AECG) to assess PVC burden; however, PVC counts may vary across 24-hour periods. Hypothesis: Extended monitoring with AECG will improve detection of clinically significant ectopy. Methods: Records from all patients receiving 14-day AECGs at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center between March 2012 and March 2015 (N=694) were reviewed and those with total PVC counts ≥ 1.0% of total heart beats were included (N= 105). Each patient’s daily PVC count was abstracted, and the range of these values across 24-hour periods was assessed. The median time for these ranges to cross clinically significant thresholds (PVCs ≥ 10, 15 or 20% of total heart beats) was determined. Results: Median PVC burden was 2.8% of total heart beats (interquartile range, IQR 1.8-6.8%) and the median range across 24-hour periods was 4.7% (IQR 2.9-10.4%). Individual ranges of daily PVC burden crossed thresholds of 10, 15 and 20% of total heart beats in 23.8%, 17.1% and 12.4% of patients, respectively. Median time to detecting an individual’s maximum PVC burden was 6 days (IQR 2-11 days). While 88% of those who reached the 20% threshold did so on the first day of monitoring, only 53% of those reaching the 10% threshold did similarly, with a continually increasing yield throughout the 14 day monitoring period (Figure). Conclusions: Individual PVC burden varies widely from day-to-day. While the majority of patients who ultimately crossed clinically significant thresholds did so on the first day of monitoring, extended monitoring nearly doubled those reaching the 10% threshold.
Abstract 20505: Ploidy Alterations of Murine Cardiac Progenitor Cells in Response to Infarction Injury
Authors: Kathleen M Broughton, Taeyong Kim, Dieter Kubli, Jessica Wang, Pearl Quijada, Sadia Mohsin, Megan Monsanto, Natalie Gude, Tiffany Khieu, Nicky Nguyen, Michael Rosa, Mark Sussman
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Discovery of endogenous cardiac progenitor cells (CPC) prompted intense research efforts in multiple experimental animal models and clinical trials for heart failure treatment. Our la...
Family Caregivers Needed—No Training Provided
Authors: Karina M. Berg, Richard H. Fortinsky, Julie Robison
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Psychotherapy for mental health symptoms and disorders in elite athletes: a narrative review
Authors: Mark A Stillman, Ira D Glick, David McDuff, Claudia L Reardon, Mary E Hitchcock, Vincent M Fitch, Brian Hainline
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2019)

Background Athletes, like non-athletes, suffer from mental health symptoms and disorders that affect their lives and their performance. Psychotherapy, either as the sole treatment or combined with other non-pharmacological and pharmacological strategies, is a pivotal component of management of mental health symptoms and disorders in elite athletes. Psychotherapy takes the form of individual, couples/family or group therapy and should address athlete-specific issues while being embraced as normative by athletes and their core stakeholders. Main findings This narrative review summarises controlled and non-controlled research on psychotherapy for elite athletes with mental health symptoms and disorders. In summary, treatment is similar to that of non-athletes—although with attention to issues that are athlete-specific. Challenges associated with psychotherapy with elite athletes are discussed, including diagnostic issues, deterrents to help-seeking and expectations about services. We describe certain personality characteristics sometimes associated with elite athletes, including narcissism and aggression, which could make psychotherapy with this population more challenging. The literature regarding psychotherapeutic interventions in elite athletes is sparse and largely anecdotal.
The novel dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor BAY 2402234 triggers differentiation and is effective in the treatment of myeloid malignancies
Authors: Sven Christian, Claudia Merz, Laura Evans, Stefan Gradl, Henrik Seidel, Anders Friberg, Ashley Eheim, Pascale Lejeune, Krzysztof Brzezinka, Katja Zimmermann, Steven Ferrara, Hanna Meyer, Ralf Lesche, Detlef Stoeckigt, Marcus Bauser, Andrea Haegebarth, David B Sykes, David T Scadden, Julie-Aurore Losman, Andreas Janzer
Journal: Leukemia (2019)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a devastating disease, with the majority of patients dying within a year of diagnosis. For patients with relapsed/refractory AML, the prognosis is particularly poor with currently available treatments. Although genetically heterogeneous, AML subtypes share a common differentiation arrest at hematopoietic progenitor stages. Overcoming this differentiation arrest has the potential to improve the long-term survival of patients, as is the case in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), which is characterized by a chromosomal translocation involving the retinoic acid receptor alpha gene. Treatment of APL with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces terminal differentiation and apoptosis of leukemic promyelocytes, resulting in cure rates of over 80%. Unfortunately, similarly efficacious differentiation therapies have, to date, been lacking outside of APL. Inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), a key enzyme in the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway, was recently reported to induce differentiation of diverse AML subtypes. In this report we describe the discovery and characterization of BAY 2402234 - a novel, potent, selective and orally bioavailable DHODH inhibitor that shows monotherapy efficacy and differentiation induction across multiple AML subtypes. Herein, we present the preclinical data that led to initiation of a phase I evaluation of this inhibitor in myeloid malignancies.
Abstract 21151: Safety and Feasibility Report of Investigational Therapy With Interleukin-11 Against Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Makiko Maeda, Masaki Nakagawa, Yasuko Owada, Yasukatsu Izumi, Shinichi Nonin, Kenichi Sugioka, Daisaku Nakatani, Shinichi Iwata, Kazuki Mizutani, Satoshi Nishimura, Asahiro Ito, Suwako Fujita, Takashi Daimon, Yoshiki Sawa, Masanori Asakura, Yasushi Fujio, Minoru Yoshiyama
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The benefits of vessel recanalization in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are limited by ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. We have reported IL-11, a kind of IL-6 family cytokine, confers resistance to IR injury on cardiomyocytes both in vitro and in vivo and reduces infarct size and improved ventricular function after I/R injury in vivo. Importantly, recombinant human IL-11 (rhIL-11) was clinically used for the prevention of severe thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy under the approval of FDA. Hypothesis: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of rhIL-11, adjunct to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in AMI. Methods: Four patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI were enrolled based on inclusion criteria, such as culprit lesion of #6 or #7 with TIMI flow grade 0 or 1 on coronary angiography (CAG). Just after diagnosis by CAG, rhIL-11 (6 or 25 μg/kg) was intravenously administered for a period of 3 hours (hr). The primary endpoint were safety and tolerability for 7days after the administration. Serum creatine kinase (CK) was measured pre- and 1, 2.5, 3, 6, 10, 15, 24, 48 hr after injection. Echocardiography was performed pre-, 7days, 3 and 6 months after injection. Results: Just after injection of rhIL-11, PCI was successfully performed and no severe or serious drug adverse events occurred through the observation period in any cases. And they left the hospital without symptoms of heart failure. In addition, no unexpected reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was observed in the patients treated with rhIL-11 (LVEF, 39.8±8.8 %; CK max , 6906.3±3546 U/L), compared with non-treated internal controls with similar baseline demographics including CK max and LVEF at chronic phase after AMI. Conclusions: Conclusively, we described the four cases of rhIL-11 therapy against STEMI as a novel cytokine therapy for the first time, and this therapy was feasible and well tolerated in AMI. In order to address the efficacy of rhIL-11 therapy, we have been preparing randomized controlled trial to investigate efficacy and safety of rhIL-11 in the patients with STEMI, and the protocol for the trial was approved as advanced medical care by Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare last December.
Preschool atopic dermatitis and adolescent contact allergy
Authors: M. Lagrelius, C.‐F. Wahlgren, M. Matura, A. Bergström, I. Kull, C. Lidén
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

Atopic dermatitis is a common skin disease in children. The disease presents with red, itching and scaly skin, and results in a weakened skin barrier. When atopic dermatitis starts in early childhood, children may be treated with medical ointments and moisturizers for a long time. Such products often contain substances that can cause contact allergy. Contact allergy is caused by skin contact with chemical substances that are allergenic, e.g. contact allergens. Repeated contact with the allergen will result in dermatitis. This study investigated if atopic dermatitis in early childhood increases the risk for contact allergy in the teenage years. The study was performed among 2215 16‐year‐olds in Sweden. These 16‐year‐old participants had been followed since birth with questionnaires, clinical examinations and blood tests, to study environmental factors and allergies in children as part of a large population study called the BAMSE study. At 16 years, the participants were tested for contact allergy with a skin patch test. Nickel allergy was the most common contact allergy and fragrance (perfume) allergy was second most common. The results of this study indicate that atopic dermatitis in early childhood may increase the risk of having contact allergy to perfumes at 16 years, but not the risk of nickel allergy at 16 years. This study indicates that avoiding scented and perfume‐containing products is a good idea in children with atopic dermatitis in early childhood.
Abstract 16371: Targeted Delivery of Pulmonary Arterial Endothelial Cells Overexpressing Interleukin-8 Receptors Attenuates Liposaccharide-induced Lung Injury
Authors: Dongqi Xing, Samantha S Giordano, Amit Gaggar, Wenguang Feng, Yiu-Fai Chen, Judy Creighton, Suzanne Oparil
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) and its more severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Despite decades of research, there is still no effective therapy for ALI/ARDS, and treatment options are largely limited to supportive care. Neutrophil-mediated inflammation and endothelial cell (EC) injury are unifying features of the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS. Interleukin-8 (IL8) receptors IL8RA and IL8RB (ILRA/B) on neutrophil membranes bind to IL8 with high affinity and play a critical role in neutrophil recruitment to sites of injury and/or inflammation. This study tested the hypothesis that administration of rat pulmonary arterial ECs overexpressing IL8RA/B inhibits liposaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury. Methods and Results: 12-wk-old ovariectomized SD rats were divided into three groups and received intra-peritoneal (i.p.) injection of saline (Sham); LPS (Escherichia coli 026:B6, Sigma-Aldrich, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) followed by i.v. infusion of saline; or LPS followed by i.v. transfusion of ECs overexpressing IL8RA/B (IL8RA/B-EC, 2hrs post LPS), respectively. 6 hrs after LPS treatment, pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine mRNA levels were measured by real-time, RT-PCR in homogenates of right lung. Neutrophil infiltration and lung injury were assessed by immunohistochemical staining and H&amp;E staining in tissue sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded left lung. Expression of mRNA for adhesion molecule (P-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1), chemoattractant (cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-2 beta and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), and pro-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) was markedly increased in lungs of LPS rats. Transfusion of IL8RA/B-ECs significantly attenuated expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators (by 50% to 70%) in LPS-injured lungs. Transfusion of IL8RA/B-ECs also significantly attenuated LPS-induced neutrophil infiltration and lung injury response. Conclusion: These provocative findings indicate that targeted delivery of ECs overexpressing IL8RA/B protects against LPS-induced acute lung injury.
Health secretary is called in to settle row over cancer scanning services
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2019)

A dispute between NHS England and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust over plans to outsource the trust’s cancer scanning to a private company has been referred to the health secretary, Matt Hancock, to resolve.

NHS England’s decision to award the contract to provide the combined positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT) scanning service to the private firm InHealth after open tender has prompted a backlash from the trust, which is concerned about effects on the quality and safety of patient care.

The regional service, which provides around 5000 PET-CT scans a year, has been run by the trust since 2005 …
Increased prevalence of Escherichia coli strains from food carrying blaNDM and mcr-1-bearing plasmids that structurally resemble those of clinical strains, China, 2015 to 2017
Authors: Xiaobo Liu, Shu Geng, Edward Wai-Chi Chan, Sheng Chen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2019)

IntroductionEmergence of resistance determinants of blaNDM and mcr-1 has undermined the antimicrobial effectiveness of the last line drugs carbapenems and colistin.AimThis work aimed to assess the prevalence of blaNDM and mcr-1 in E. coli strains collected from food in Shenzhen, China, during the period 2015 to 2017.MethodsMultidrug-resistant E. coli strains were isolated from food samples. Plasmids encoding mcr-1 or blaNDM genes were characterised and compared with plasmids found in clinical isolates.ResultsAmong 1,166 non-repeated cephalosporin-resistant E. coli strains isolated from 2,147 food samples, 390 and 42, respectively, were resistant to colistin and meropenem, with five strains being resistant to both agents. The rate of resistance to colistin increased significantly (p < 0.01) from 26% in 2015 to 46% in 2017, and that of meropenem resistance also increased sharply from 0.3% in 2015 to 17% in 2017 (p < 0.01). All meropenem-resistant strains carried a plasmid-borne blaNDM gene. Among the colistin-resistant strains, three types of mcr-1-bearing plasmids were determined. Plasmid sequencing indicated that these mcr-1 and blaNDM-bearing plasmids were structurally similar to those commonly recovered from clinical isolates. Interestingly, both mcr-1-bearing and blaNDM-bearing plasmids were transferrable to E. coli strain J53 under selection by meropenem, yet only mcr-1-bearing plasmids were transferrable under colistin selection.ConclusionThese findings might suggest that mobile elements harbouring mcr-1 and blaNDM have been acquired by animal strains and transmitted to our food products, highlighting a need to prevent a spike in the rate of drug resistant food-borne infections.
Obesity class versus the Edmonton Obesity Staging System for Pediatrics to define health risk in childhood obesity: results from the CANPWR cross-sectional study
Authors: Stasia Hadjiyannakis, Quazi Ibrahim, Jenifer Li, Geoff D C Ball, Annick Buchholz, Jill K Hamilton, Ian Zenlea, Josephine Ho, Laurent Legault, Anne-Marie Laberge, Lehana Thabane, Mark Tremblay, Katherine M Morrison
Journal: The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (2019)