tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 19945: Pathways of Myocardial Remodeling and Fibrosis in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases
Authors: Jonathan H Soslow, Kimberly Crum, W B Burnette, Yan Ru Su, Kelsey Tomasek, Bruce M Damon, Larry W Markham
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of death in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Biomarkers such as troponin and brain natriuretic peptide do not reliably assess disease severity. Mat...
Sexual Health in the SARS-CoV-2 Era
Authors: Jack L. Turban, Alex S. Keuroghlian, Kenneth H. Mayer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

M ore than 200 000 people have died of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, leading to widespread concern regarding physical morbidity and mortality.The sexual health implications, however, have received little focus.On the basis of existing data, it appears all forms of in-person sexual contact carry risk for viral transmission, because the virus is readily transmitted by aerosols and fomites.This has resulted in broad guidance regarding physical distancing, with substantial implications for sexual well-being.Given the important role of sexuality in most people's lives, health care providers (HCPs) should consider counseling patients on this topic whenever possible.This is an unprecedented and stressful time for HCPs; facilitating brief conversations and referrals to relevant resources (Table ) can help patients maintain sexual wellness amid the pandemic.
Integrating perspectives: How the development of second-personal competence lays the foundation for a second-personal morality
Authors: John Corbit, Chris Moore
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2020)

The integration of first-, second-, and third-personal information within joint intentional collaboration provides the foundation for broad-based second-personal morality. We offer two additions to this framework: a description of the developmental process through which second-personal competence emerges from early triadic interactions, and empirical evidence that collaboration with a concrete goal may provide an essential focal point for this integrative process.
Science Has Not Proven That Screen Use Impacts Children's Brain Development
Authors: Yaakov Ophir, Refael Tikochinski, Hananel Rosenberg
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Abstract 427: Sudden ECG Rhythm Changes After Return of Spontaneous Circulation in Porcine Models of Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Allison C Koller, David D Salcido, Cornelia Genbrugge, James J Menegazzi
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Observation of the electrocardiogram (ECG) immediately following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in resuscitated swine has revealed the interesting phenomenon of sudden ECG rhythm changes (SERC) that occur in the absence of pharmacological, surgical, or other medical interventions. Objective: We sought to identify, quantify, and characterize post-ROSC SERCs in successfully resuscitated swine. Methods: We reviewed all LabChart data from resuscitated approximately four-month-old swine used for various experimental protocols from 2006 to 2019. We identified those that achieved sustained ROSC and analyzed the entire post-ROSC period for evidence of a SERC in the ECG, arterial and venous pressure tracings. Presence or absence of a SERC was confirmed independently by two reviewers (ACK, DDS). We measured the time from ROSC to first SERC, analyzed the following metrics and calculated the change from 60 sec pre-SERC (or from ROSC if less than 60 sec) to 60 sec post-SERC: heart rate, central arterial pressure (CAP), and central venous pressure (CVP). Results: A total of 52 pigs achieved and sustained ROSC. Of these, we confirmed at least one SERC in 25 (48.1%). Two pigs (8%) had two unique SERC events. Median (IQR) time from ROSC to first SERC was 3.8 (1.0-6.9) min (range: 16 sec to 67.5 min). Mean (SE) heart rate changed by 51.7 (6.22) bpm. Mean heart rate decreased in 60% of cases. Mean (SE) CAP changed by 20.9 mmHg and mean (SE) CVP changed by 1.1 (0.24) mmHg. Mean CAP decreased in 72% of cases and mean CVP increased in 68%. Figure 1 shows an illustrative case with: red channel CAP (top), blue channel CVP (second from top), green channel CPP (second from bottom), and pink channel ECG (bottom). Conclusions: SERC occurs in nearly half of all cases with sustained ROSC and can occur multiple times per case. First SERC occurs within the first 4 minutes following ROSC. Heart rate, CAP and CVP change around the moment of SERC. Figure 1. SERC Case
ボツリヌス毒素Aによる下部尿路疾患の最新の管理:ボトックス(onabotulinumtoxinA)とディスポート(abobotulinumtoxinA)の系統的レビュー
Authors: Mangera Altaf, Chapple Chris, Andersson Karl-Erik, Apostolidis Apostolos, Dasgupta Prokar, Giannantoni Antonella, Gravas Stavros, Madersbacher Stephan
Journal: European Urology (2011)
Long-Term Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: JOHN TULLOCH, IRVING S. WRIGHT
Journal: Circulation (1954)

Experience with long-term anticoagulant therapy during the past seven years has been summarized. This report is based on the records of 227 individuals treated as private or outpatient clinic patients for from four weeks to seven years. Where adequate laboratory facilities are available outpatient long-term therapy may be satisfactorily controlled by physicians familiar with the use of anticoagulant drugs. Their correct use will lessen the incidence of thromboembolic episodes in patients who have previously suffered from such complications.
Treatment of Neuroendocrine Tumours (Neuroblastoma Stage III or IV, Metastatic Pheochromocytoma, Etc.) with 131I-mIBG
Authors: Matthias Schmidt, Frank Grünwald
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

This chapter describes radionuclide I-131-metaiodobenzylguanidine (I-131-mIBG) treatment in a variety of mostly rare tumour entities with focus on high-risk neuroblastoma and metastatic pheochromocytoma. I-131-mIBG was developed by Dr. Donald Wieland, Ann Arbor, Michigan, in 1979 and was primarily intended as a scintigraphic agent to allow imaging of the adrenal medulla. Several transporters have been described being responsible for mIBG uptake. For therapeutic purposes, the pathophysiologic basis for I-131-mIBG therapy is the expression of the norepinephrine transporter on the tumour cell membrane.In neuroblastoma, 131I-mIBG therapy can be used in case of persistent mIBG-avid lesions at the end of induction chemotherapy, in case of tumour progression or disease relapse or refractory disease or as palliative treatment for pain relief. Mean objective tumour response rate is about 32%.In metastatic or inoperable malignant pheochromocytoma, there is usually no curative therapy option and 131I-mIBG is a palliative first-line therapy. In pheochromocytoma, indication for 131I-mIBG therapy is usually non-resectable, progressive pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma. Rare indications include metastatic carcinoid tumours and metastatic medullary thyroid carcinomas.Patient preparation including practical aspects such as thyroid protection and side effect management are presented. Dosimetry is a controversial issue, but may help in treatment decisions in individual patients. Future developments address aspects of I-131-mIBG in multimodality treatment protocols.
Variants in ABCB4 (MDR3) across the spectrum of cholestatic liver diseases in adults
Authors: Albert Friedrich Stättermayer, Emina Halilbasic, Fritz Wrba, Peter Ferenci, Michael Trauner
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)

The ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 4 (ABCB4) gene on chromosome 7 encodes the ABCB4 protein (alias multidrug resistance protein 3 [MDR3]), a P-glycoprotein in the canalicular membrane of the hepatocytes that acts as a translocator of phospholipids into bile. Several variants in ABCB4 have been shown to cause ABCB4 deficiency, accounting for a disease spectrum ranging from progressive familial cholestasis type 3 to less severe conditions like low phospholipid-associated cholelithiasis, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy or drug-induced liver injury. Furthermore, whole genome sequencing has shown that ABCB4 variants are associated with an increased incidence of gallstone disease, gallbladder and bile duct carcinoma, liver cirrhosis or elevated liver function tests. Diagnosis of ABCB4 deficiency-related diseases is based on clinical presentation, serum biomarkers, imaging techniques, liver histology and genetic testing. Nevertheless, the clinical presentation can vary widely and clear genotype-phenotype correlations are currently lacking. Ursodeoxycholic acid is the most commonly used medical treatment, but its efficacy has yet to be proven in large controlled clinical studies. Future pharmacological options may include stimulation/restoration of residual function by chaperones (e.g. 4-phenyl butyric acid, curcumin) or induction of ABCB4 transcription by FXR (farnesoid X receptor) agonists or PPARα (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α)-ligands/fibrates. Orthotopic liver transplantation remains the last and often only therapeutic option in cirrhotic patients with end-stage liver disease or patients with intractable pruritus.
Improving function in people with hip-related pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of physiotherapist-led interventions for hip-related pain
Authors: Joanne L Kemp, Andrea B Mosler, Harvi Hart, Mario Bizzini, Steven Chang, Mark J Scholes, Adam I Semciw, Kay M Crossley
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2020)

Objective To report the effectiveness of physiotherapist-led interventions in improving pain and function in young and middle-aged adults with hip-related pain. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources A comprehensive, reproducible search strategy was performed on five databases in May 2019. Reference lists and grey literature were also searched. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Population: people aged ≥18 years with hip-related pain (with or without a diagnosis of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome). Intervention(s): physiotherapist-led interventions for hip pain. Comparators: sham treatment, no treatment or other treatment (eg, hip arthroscopic surgery). Outcomes: primary outcomes included patient-reported hip pain and function. Secondary outcomes included physical function measures. Results 1722 papers were identified. After exclusion criteria were applied, 14 studies were included for analysis. They had varied risk of bias. There were no full-scale placebo-controlled randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of physiotherapist-led treatment. Pooled effects ranged from moderate effects (0.67 (95% CI 0.07 to 1.26)) favouring physiotherapist-led intervention over no treatment post-arthroscopy, to weak effects (−0.32 (95% CI 0.57 to 0.07)) favouring hip arthroscopy over physiotherapist-led treatment. Conclusion Physiotherapist-led interventions might improve pain and function in young and middle-aged adults with hip-related pain, however full-scale high-quality RCT studies are required. PROSPERO registration number CRD42018089088.
Steroid-resistant sarcoidosis treated with baricitinib
Authors: Morton Scheinberg, Fernando Maluf, Jairo Wagner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Sarcoidosis is an immune inflammatory disorder characterised by the presence of granulomatous tissue and can involve one or multiple organs. Glucocorticoids are a mainstay of treatment, but in some patients the maintenance steroid dose can be elevated for daily use and usually immunosuppressive medications such as methotrexate or mycophenolate is associated. In the presence of progressive disease anti-tumour necrosis factors (TNFs) have also been used with apparent success although controlled trials are not available.1

The rheumatologist can be the first speciality to evaluate such patients when articular or extra-articular symptoms are initial modes of presentation.2 Janus kinase (JAK) signal transducer and activator of transcription signalling have been shown to be highly expressed in sarcoid tissue and maybe responsible …
Decreased prevalence of Moraxella catarrhalis in addition to Streptococcus pneumoniae in children with upper respiratory tract infection after introduction of conjugated pneumococcal vaccine: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: N. Littorin, E. Rünow, J. Ahl, F. Resman, K. Riesbeck
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)

ObjectivesTo study effects of the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) on the interspecies dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in preschool children with respiratory tract infection.MethodsNasopharyngeal samples from children aged ≤6 years with upper respiratory tract infection (n = 14 473) in South Sweden were analysed during 14 consecutive years, 5 years before and 9 years after PCV introduction. The yearly prevalence was calculated, and multivariate count regressions between prevalence and estimated yearly proportions of vaccinated children were performed. Associations between pneumococcal serotypes and the other pathogens were assessed.ResultsWhen comparing the prevaccine period with the years after introduction, the prevalence of S. pneumoniae decreased by 65.2% (16.4 to 5.7 per 1000 individuals; p < 0.001), whereas M. catarrhalis and H. influenzae decreased by 52.1% (21.5 to 10.3 per 1000 individuals; p < 0.001) and 46.6% (13.6 to 7.3 per 1000 individuals; p < 0.001), respectively. In multivariate negative binomial regressions adjusted for yearly numbers of samples taken, S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis were significantly negatively associated with increasing vaccine coverage proportions (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 0.17; p < 0.001 and aPR = 0.48; p < 0.001, respectively), whereas H. influenzae (aPR = 0.75; p = 0.17) was not. In addition, the proportion of cultures positive for S. pneumoniae as well as M. catarrhalis was significantly lower in the postvaccine period compared to the prevaccine period, while this was not the case for H. influenzae. A significant positive association between certain PCV serotypes and simultaneous growth with M. catarrhalis was observed.ConclusionsAfter introduction of PCV, the prevalence of M. catarrhalis in addition to S. pneumoniae in children with respiratory tract infection decreased; this was also the case after adjusting for reduced numbers of samples taken. This may partly be attributed to a positive association between PCV serotypes and M. catarrhalis.
BCP crystals promote chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation in OA cartilage by sequestering Wnt3a
Authors: Jessica Bertrand, Tabea Kräft, Tobias Gronau, Joanna Sherwood, Frank Rutsch, Frédéric Lioté, Francisco Dell'Accio, Christoph H Lohmann, Miriam Bollmann, Annelena Held, Thomas Pap
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Calcification of cartilage with basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystals is a common phenomenon during osteoarthritis (OA). It is directly linked to the severity of the disease and known to be associated to hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes. One morphogen regulating hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation is Wnt3a.Calcification and sulfation of extracellular matrix of the cartilage was analysed over a time course from 6 to 22 weeks in mice and different OA grades of human cartilage. Wnt3a and ß-catenin was stained in human and murine cartilage. Expression of sulfation modulating enzymes (HS2St1, HS6St1) was analysed using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). The influence of BCP crystals on the chondrocyte phenotype was investigated using quantitative RT-PCR for the marker genes Axin2, Sox9, Col2, MMP13, ColX and Aggrecan. Using western blot for β-catenin and pLRP6 we investigated the activation of Wnt signalling. The binding capacity of BCP for Wnt3a was analysed using immunohistochemical staining and western blot.Here, we report that pericellular matrix sulfation is increased in human and murine OA. Wnt3a co-localised with heparan sulfate proteoglycans in the pericellular matrix of chondrocytes in OA cartilage, in which canonical Wnt signalling was activated. In vitro, BCP crystals physically bound to Wnt3a. Interestingly, BCP crystals were sufficient to induce canonical Wnt signalling as assessed by phosphorylation of LRP6 and stabilisation of β-catenin, and to induce a hypertrophic shift of the chondrocyte phenotype.Consequently, our data identify BCP crystals as a concentrating factor for Wnt3a in the pericellular matrix and an inducer of chondrocyte hypertrophy.
Tomasello's tin man of moral obligation needs a heart
Authors: Jeremy I. M. Carpendale, Charlie Lewis
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2020)

In place of Tomasello's explanation for the source of moral obligation, we suggest that it develops from the concern for others already implicit in the human developmental system. Mutual affection and caring make the development of communication and thinking possible. Humans develop as persons within such relationships and this develops into respect and moral obligation.
Prognostic and Predictive Value of Blood Tumor Mutational Burden in Patients With Lung Cancer Treated With Docetaxel
Authors: Wei Nie, Jie Qian, Mi-Die Xu, Kai Gu, Fang-Fei Qian, Jun Lu, Xue-Yan Zhang, Hui-Min Wang, Bo Yan, Bo Zhang, Shu-Yuan Wang, Fang Hu, Chang-Hui Li, Hua Zhong, Bao-Hui Han
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2020)

Background: Biomarkers for chemotherapy efficacy in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are lacking. This retrospective study assesses the association between blood-based tumor mutational burden (bTMB) and clinical benefit of chemotherapy. Methods: Clinical and targeted next-generation sequencing data from the OAK trial (training set; n=318) and POPLAR trial (validation set; n=106) in the docetaxel arm were analyzed. The cutoff value of bTMB for outcome prediction was determined based on a time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve in the training set, and propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Durable clinical benefit (DCB) was defined as OS lasting &gt;12 months. Interaction between treatment and bTMB was assessed in the combined set. Results: A lower bTMB was observed in patients with DCB compared with no durable benefit, and in those with a partial response and stable disease compared with progressive disease. The optimized cutoff value of bTMB for predicting OS was 7 single-nucleotide variants per megabase. In the training set, a low bTMB was significantly associated with longer OS and progression-free survival (PFS). The prognostic value of bTMB was confirmed in the validation set and PSM set. The interaction between bTMB and treatment was significant for PFS (interaction P =.043) in the combined set. Mutations in KEAP1 were associated with high bTMB and a lack of benefit from chemotherapy. Conclusions: Low bTMB is associated with a survival advantage in patients with NSCLC treated with docetaxel, suggesting the prognostic and predictive potential of bTMB for determining chemotherapy efficacy.
Scaffold‐Free Bio‐3D Printing Using Spheroids as “Bio‐Inks” for Tissue (Re‐)Construction and Drug Response Tests
Authors: Daiki Murata, Kenichi Arai, Koichi Nakayama
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Abstract In recent years, scaffold‐free bio‐3D printing using cell aggregates (spheroids) as “bio‐inks” has attracted increasing attention as a method for 3D cell construction. Bio‐3D printing uses a technique called the Kenzan method, wherein spheroids are placed one‐by‐one in a microneedle array (the “Kenzan”) using a bio‐3D printer. The bio‐3D printer is a machine that was developed to perform bio‐3D printing automatically. Recently, it has been reported that cell constructs can be produced by a bio‐3D printer using spheroids composed of many types of cells and that this can contribute to tissue (re‐)construction. This progress report summarizes the production and effectiveness of various cell constructs prepared using bio‐3D printers. It also considers the future issues and prospects of various cell constructs obtained by using this method for further development of scaffold‐free 3D cell constructions.
Uptake of bevacizumab by platelets blocks the biological activity of platelet-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
Authors: Henk M. Verheul, Martijn P. Lolkema, David Z. Qian, Yvonne H. Hilkes, Eleni Liapi, Roberto Pili, Emile E. Voest
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

5708  VEGF is a key factor to promote (tumor) angiogenesis and is released by tumor cells and host cells including platelets. It has been demonstrated that platelets contribute to angiogenesis, mainly by release of VEGF from their α-granules upon activation. Evidence is also accumulating that platelets are involved in tumor induced angiogenesis and metastasis formation. In addition, it is known that platelets contain and take up plasma proteins in their α-granules, including immunoglobulins. In this study we report that bevacizumab, a humanized antibody against VEGF, with clinical activity in a variety of cancer types, is taken up by platelets in a dose dependent manner (0–20ug/ml). We measured the uptake of bevacizumab by platelets in vitro after labeling the antibody with fluorescence or biotin by FACS analysis or Western blot respectively. Upon activation by thrombin the preincubated platelets released bevacizumab. In addition, the incubation of platelets with bevacizumab caused a dose dependent decrease in platelet derived free-VEGF as measured by ELISA (R*D). Fluorescence microscopy revealed a granular pattern of FITC-labeled bevacizumab in platelets after incubation. These results are indicative of colocalization of bevacizumab in the platelet α-granules. Subsequently, we found that the proangiogenic activity of platelets is significantly impaired by the uptake of bevacizumab as reflected by inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation in vitro (85% inhibition over IgG control, P