tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 11534: Cost Effectiveness of Cascade Testing for Familial Hypercholesterolemia in the US: A Simulation Analysis
Authors: Candace L Jackson, Todd Huschka, Bijan J Borah, Katherine Agre, Magdi Zordok, Medhat Farwati, James Moriarty, Iftikhar J Kullo
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder that significantly increases the risk of premature coronary heart disease (CHD). Unfortunately, no coordinated scree...
Eliminating Categorical Exclusion Criteria in Crisis Standards of Care Frameworks
Authors: Catherine L. Auriemma, Ashli M. Molinero, Amy J. Houtrow, Govind Persad, Douglas B. White, Scott D. Halpern
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2020)

During public health crises including the COVID-19 pandemic, resource scarcity and contagion risks may require health systems to shift—to some degree—from a usual clinical ethic, focused on the well-being of individual patients, to a public health ethic, focused on population health. Many triage policies exist that fall under the legal protections afforded by "crisis standards of care," but they have key differences. We critically appraise one of the most fundamental differences among policies, namely the use of criteria to categorically exclude certain patients from eligibility for otherwise standard medical services. We examine these categorical exclusion criteria from ethical, legal, disability, and implementation perspectives. Focusing our analysis on the most common type of exclusion criteria, which are disease-specific, we conclude that optimal policies for critical care resource allocation and the use of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should not use categorical exclusions. We argue that the avoidance of categorical exclusions is often practically feasible, consistent with public health norms, and mitigates discrimination against persons with disabilities.
Outcomes in Patients With Hyperglycemia Affected by COVID-19: Can We Do More on Glycemic Control?
Authors: Celestino Sardu, Nunzia D’Onofrio, Maria Luisa Balestrieri, Michelangela Barbieri, Maria Rosaria Rizzo, Vincenzo Messina, Paolo Maggi, Nicola Coppola, Giuseppe Paolisso, Raffaele Marfella
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

OBJECTIVE An important prognostic factor in any form of infection seems to be glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. There is no information about the effects of tight glycemic control on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes in patients with hyperglycemia. Therefore, we examined the effects of optimal glycemic control in patients with hyperglycemia affected by COVID-19. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Fifty-nine patients with COVID-19 hospitalized with moderate disease were evaluated. On the basis of admission glycemia &amp;gt;7.77 mmol/L, patients were divided into hyperglycemic and normoglycemic groups. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and D-dimer levels were evaluated at admission and weekly during hospitalization. The composite end point was severe disease, admission to an intensive care unit, use of mechanical ventilation, or death. RESULTS Thirty-four (57.6%) patients were normoglycemic and 25 (42.4%) were hyperglycemic. In the hyperglycemic group, 7 (28%) and 18 (72%) patients were diagnosed with diabetes already before admission, and 10 (40%) and 15 (60%) were treated without and with insulin infusion, respectively. The mean of glycemia during hospitalization was 10.65 ± 0.84 mmol/L in the no insulin infusion group and 7.69 ± 1.85 mmol/L in the insulin infusion group. At baseline, IL-6 and D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the hyperglycemic group than in the normoglycemic group (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Even though all patients were on standard treatment for COVID-19 infection, IL-6 and D-dimer levels persisted higher in patients with hyperglycemia during hospitalization. In a risk-adjusted Cox regression analysis, both patients with hyperglycemia and patients with diabetes had a higher risk of severe disease than those without diabetes and with normoglycemia. Cox regression analysis evidenced that patients with hyperglycemia treated with insulin infusion had a lower risk of severe disease than patients without insulin infusion. CONCLUSIONS Insulin infusion may be an effective method for achieving glycemic targets and improving outcomes in patients with COVID-19.
The Peripheral Blood Eosinophil Count As A Biomarker Of Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation In Patients With Asthma And COPD. Experience From A Single Centre
Authors: R Shrimanker, S J Thulborn, V Mistry, C Connolly, C Borg, B Hargadon, K Hambleton, G Hynes, C E Brightling, I Pavord, M Bafadhel
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2017)
Central Pontine Myelinolysis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Two patients with central pontine myelinolysis are described. Both were middle aged women presenting with a history of protracted vomiting and drowsiness. Hypo-natraemia (serum sodium 96 to 100 mmol/L) was a feature in both patients. No underlying malignaney, alcoholism, malnutrition or other serious disease was identified. Correction of electrolyte abnormalities was accompanied by deterioration in level of consciousness and development of a neurological syndrome characterized by quadriparesis, dysphasia and mutism. Death followed and histopathological examination confirmed classical myelinolysis in the central pons and extensive similar, though not identical, lesions in the cerebral bemispheres in both cases. The pathophysiological basis of the lesions is likely to be a special metabolic susceptibility of oligodendroglial cells in areas where neurones, glial cells and myelin sheaths lie in close proximity to one another.
PROTAMINE-ZINC-INSULIN IN DIABETES
Authors: E. PERRY  MCCULLAGH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1938)

Article1 May 1938PROTAMINE-ZINC-INSULIN IN DIABETESE. PERRY MCCULLAGH, M.D.E. PERRY MCCULLAGH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-11-11-1979 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe observations reported in this paper were made in the management of 60 patients, some of whom had been treated with various preparations of protamine-insulin since February 1936. Since August 1936, all patients in this group have received protamine-zinc-insulin. Cases of all degrees of severity have been treated and four children are included in the group. The ages of the patients vary from 8 to 76 years.It has been felt advisable to hospitalize all patients during the first part of their treatment. The hospital stay averaged 18 days. No patient was confined to bed except for some complication. An...References1. MYERS VC: Practical chemical analysis of blood, 1924, C. V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, p. 92. Google Scholar2. HAGEDORNJENSENKRARUPWODSTRUP HCBNNBI: Protamine-insulinate, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1936, cvi, 177-180. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. ROOTWHITEMARBLESTOTZ HFPAE: Clinical experience with protamine insulinate, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1936, cvi, 180-183. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. RABINOWITCHFOSTERFOWLERCORCORAN IMJSAFAC: Clinical experiences with protamine-zinc-insulin and other mixtures of zinc and insulin in diabetes mellitus, Canad. Med. Assoc. Jr., 1936, xxxv, 239-252. Google Scholar5. SPRAGUEBLUMOSTERBERGKEPLERWILDER RABBAEEJRM: Clinical observations with insulin protamine compounds, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1936, cvi, 1701-1705. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. CAMPBELLFLETCHERKERR WRMBRB: Protamine insulin in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1936, cxcii, 589-600. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cleveland, Ohio*Received for publication May 3, 1937.†The protamine-zinc-insulin used has been generously supplied through the courtesy of Dr. F. B. Peck and the Eli Lilly Company. Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1938Volume 11, Issue 11Page: 1079-1991KeywordsChildren ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1938 PDF downloadLoading ...
NEW ORAL ANTICOAGULANT USE ANDNON-VARICEAL UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING, A SINGLE CENTRE RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: L Coffey, R Varley, L Piggott, E Mooney, DO Toole, S Mckiernan, D Kevans, F MacCarthy, K Hartery
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Use of new oral anticoagulants (NOAC) is becoming increasingly more common in our ageing co-morbid population. We reveiwed outcomes in patients admitted with non variceal upper GI bleeding (NVUGIB) over a 10 month period to assess their indication for use and if the use of NOACS or anti platelet agents correlated with UGIB outcomes
BACTERIOLOGIC RESULTS FROM MECHANICAL FILTRATION.
Authors: GARDNER T. SWARTS
Journal: JAMA (1896)

At the last meeting of this association at Montreal the statement was made in the report of the committee on water supplies that no data had been available to show that filtration by the so-called mechanical methods was successful in removing bacteria. The writer at that time referred to experiments which had been made in the city of Providence, R. I., in order to determine this question for the purpose of establishing a plant capable of filtering 15,000,000 gallons daily if the experiments were successful. The figures showing these results were not at that time available, and as they have never been published and as no experiments of a similar character have been made, it seems desirable to place these facts before the Association, inasmuch as many municipalities are agitated over the advisability of introducing the so-called natural or sand-bed filtration or mechanical filtration. The mechanical form of filter used
Applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning in respiratory medicine
Authors: Sherif Gonem, Wim Janssens, Nilakash Das, Marko Topalovic
Journal: Thorax (2020)

The past 5 years have seen an explosion of interest in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning techniques in medicine. This has been driven by the development of deep neural networks (DNNs)—complex networks residing in silico but loosely modelled on the human brain—that can process complex input data such as a chest radiograph image and output a classification such as ‘normal’ or ‘abnormal’. DNNs are ‘trained’ using large banks of images or other input data that have been assigned the correct labels. DNNs have shown the potential to equal or even surpass the accuracy of human experts in pattern recognition tasks such as interpreting medical images or biosignals. Within respiratory medicine, the main applications of AI and machine learning thus far have been the interpretation of thoracic imaging, lung pathology slides and physiological data such as pulmonary function tests. This article surveys progress in this area over the past 5 years, as well as highlighting the current limitations of AI and machine learning and the potential for future developments.
ANAPHYLAXIS IN ENDOSCOPY: LEARNING FROM ADVERSE EVENTS THROUGH IN-SITU SIMULATION
Authors: S Ravindran, S Thomas-Gibson, B Saunders
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims To develop a novel in-situ simulation (ISS) training programme to improve learning around adverse events in endoscopy. ISS allows staff to learn and practice skills in their own clinical environment and can contribute to improved team-working and patient outcomes [1, 2].
Expression of intratumoral lactate dehydrogenase 5 (LDH5) and expression of biomarkers for angiogenesis and hypoxia are linked in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC)
Authors: M Koukourakis, A Giatromanolaki, E Sivridis, K Gatter, A Harris, M Shi, T Trarbach, G Folprecht, G Meinhardt
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2007)
Alveolar macrophages are epigenetically altered after inflammation, leading to long-term lung immunoparalysis
Authors: Antoine Roquilly, Cedric Jacqueline, Marion Davieau, Alice Mollé, Abderrahmane Sadek, Cynthia Fourgeux, Paul Rooze, Alexis Broquet, Barbara Misme-Aucouturier, Tanguy Chaumette, Mickael Vourc’h, Raphael Cinotti, Nadege Marec, Vanessa Gauttier, Hamish E. G. McWilliam, Frederic Altare, Jeremie Poschmann, Jose A. Villadangos, Karim Asehnoune
Journal: Nature Immunology (2020)
Controlled release of biological factors for endogenous progenitor cell migration and intervertebral disc extracellular matrix remodelling
Authors: Leslie Frapin, Johann Clouet, Claire Chédeville, Constantin Moraru, Edouard Samarut, Nina Henry, Manon André, Eric Bord, Boris Halgand, Julie Lesoeur, Marion Fusellier, Jérôme Guicheux, Catherine Le Visage
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
NEW REMOTE MENTORING SYSTEM FOR TRAINING IN DIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY. A CHANGE IN THE TRAINING PARADIGM
Authors: P Roson, F Cano, K Yamamoto, H Neumann, E Albeniz, AH de Tejada
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

We have developed a new proctoring system called ‘EndoMentor’ letting an expert to train someone connected online. The expert gets real time video and audio from the trainee and as relevant data, what allows total immersion in the technique. Experts watch the patient´s vital signs, endoscopic real-time video (Can correct technique, hands…) the material in use and electrosurgical unit configuration. Experts can interact either speaking with the trainee or real-time painting inside the endoscopic image to guide the techinque.
Cardiac Involvement in Patients Recovered From COVID-2019 Identified Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Lu Huang, Peijun Zhao, Dazhong Tang, Tong Zhu, Rui Han, Chenao Zhan, Weiyong Liu, Hesong Zeng, Qian Tao, Liming Xia
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)
Use of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors and risk of COVID-19 requiring admission to hospital: a case-population study
Authors: Francisco J de Abajo, Sara Rodríguez-Martín, Victoria Lerma, Gina Mejía-Abril, Mónica Aguilar, Amelia García-Luque, Leonor Laredo, Olga Laosa, Gustavo A Centeno-Soto, Maria Ángeles Gálvez, Miguel Puerro, Esperanza González-Rojano, Laura Pedraza, Itziar de Pablo, Francisco Abad-Santos, Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas, Miguel Gil, Aurelio Tobías, Antonio Rodríguez-Miguel, Diego Rodríguez-Puyol, D Barreira-Hernandez, P Zubiaur, E Santos-Molina, E Pintos-Sánchez, M Navares-Gómez, R M Aparicio, V García-Rosado, C Gutiérrez-Ortega, C Pérez, A Ascaso, C Elvira
Journal: The Lancet (2020)
SELF-COMPLETION ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION FOR COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS
Authors: M Esaki, R Ichijima, S Suzuki, C Kusano, H Ikehara, T Gotoda
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

We invented a self-completion endoscopic submucosal dissection (SESD) using a novel needle-type endo-knife, Endosaber, which can perform cutting, coagulation and injection by itself. The merit of this method is to eliminate the need for assistant or use of additional devices, such as an injection needle and hemostatic forceps. We present a case of successful SESD for 35 mm lateral spreding tumor at the rectum. SESD was completed and En-bloc resection was achieved without any complication. SESD allows a simple and cost-effective ESD procedure to remove colorectal neoplasms.
Join us at The Lancet Clinic
Authors: Sabine Kleinert, Richard Horton, Elena Becker-Barroso, Niall Boyce, David Collingridge, Justine Davies, Emma Grainger, Peter Hayward, John McConnell, Zoë Mullan, Lan-Lan Smith
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2015)

On Oct 5, 2015, we launch the first 45 disease-specific pages of a major new online initiative involving all Lancet journals that will bring together an overview Seminar and relevant Reviews, Clinical Series, Commissions, research, Case Reports, and Clinical Pictures. Over the next 18 months or so when The Lancet Clinic is complete, there will be online pages for 135 diseases, which we have identified by a combination of global burden of disease data and clinical practice needs. We hope that The Lancet Clinic will help practising doctors make better informed decisions that ultimately lead to better lives of people worldwide, and help others who want to educate or update themselves keep abreast of the evolving evidence base. Importantly, these pages will be updated at regular intervals. The authors of newly commissioned Seminars have agreed to provide regular summaries of important new evidence for 4 years. Individual clinical editors will pull together newly published material from across the Lancet journals and post links to these on the page regularly. In addition, we are continuing our regular editorial policies of commissioning more specialised Clinical Reviews and Series across The Lancet Group to provide a more focused and in-depth assessment for key diseases. And beyond providing knowledge and information, we want to encourage academic and practising clinicians to use this knowledge for advocacy and change. In 2014, The Lancet published the first Clinical Commission on liver disease in the UK and in February, 2015, we launched our first Clinical Campaign based on this Commission. A Cancer Campaign as a joint effort between The Lancet and The Lancet Oncology followed in April. Clinical Campaigns aim to effect change based on data, knowledge, and expert interpretation in partnership with others. Further Clinical Commissions on asthma, hypertension, dementia, tuberculosis, traumatic brain injury, psychotherapy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and others are underway across all Lancet journals. With these Clinical Commissions and Campaigns, we hope to extend our goal to publish the best science for better lives to being an active partner in using this science for actual change. Commissions and Campaigns will be part of the disease pages to encourage engagement and actions. The Lancet Clinic invites you to be part of this endeavour.
USEFULNESS OF A CLUTCH CUTTER FOR SURGEONS WITH EXPERIENCE OF PERFORMING COLORECTAL ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION IN LESS THAN 100 PATIENTS AT AN INSTITUTION WITHOUT TUTORS
Authors: S Abiko, S Oda, A Meno, A Shidou, S Yoshida, A Yoshikawa, K Harada, N Kawagishi, I Sano, H Oda, T Miyagishima
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims The usefulness of a clutch cutter (CC), a scissor-type knife, for colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (CESD) has recently been reported. However, there has been no study on the usefulness of a CC for surgeons with experience of performing CESD in less than 100 patients at an institution without tutors. Therefore, the usefulness of a CC for such surgeons was examined in the present study.
IMPROVING OPTICAL DIAGNOSIS OF COLORECTAL POLYPS USING COMPUTER-AIDED DIAGNOSIS (CADX)
Authors: QEW van der Zander, RM Schreuder, R Fonolla, T Scheeve, F van der Sommen, P Aepli, B Hayee, A Pischel, M Stefanovic, S Subramaniam, P Bhandari, PHN de With, AAM Masclee, EJ Schoon
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Optical diagnosis is the endoscopic prediction of histopathology of colorectal polyps detected at colonoscopy. Optical diagnosis remains challenging with accuracies of 71-90% in the Dutch bowel cancer screening program, exposing patients to risks of incorrect diagnosis. We propose a new methodology to improve the diagnostic accuracy of optically diagnosing colorectal polyps by Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CADx).
ROLE OF ENDOSONOGRAPHY-GUIDED CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY AFTER FAILED ERCP: CUMULATIVE EXPERIENCE FROM A SINGLE CENTER
Authors: AG Sumalla, A Serracarbasa, L Seoane, J Busquets, M Marin, B Laquente, J Fabregat, JB Gornals
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims In cases of failed ERCP, the endosonography-guided cholangiopancreatography (ESCP) has positioned as an effective alternative comparable to the percutaneous approach. Furthermore, in several tertiary centers, the EUS and ERCP combination in a single procedure, is a well-accepted routine strategy. Main aims were to report a cumulative experience of ESCP from a referral center, with the purpose to assess:
ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION VERSUS LOCAL LAPAROSCOPIC SURGICAL RESECTION (TRANSANAL MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY [TAMIS] TRANSANAL ENDOSCOPIC OPERATION [TEO]) IN EARLY RECTAL NEOPLASIAS (DSETAMIS-2018 STUDY). PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Authors: D de Frutos, J Santiago, E Albéniz, P Rosón, JC Marín, Ó Nogales, F Ramos, D Barquero, Á Terán, AH de Tejada
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Endoscopic Submucosa Dissection (ESD) and laparoscopic surgical resection techniques (Transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) and Transanal endoscopic operation (TEO)) have demonstrated high rates of curative resection in Early Rectal Neoplasias (ERN), although no randomized studies comparing both strategies have been published. We present the preliminary results of the DSETAMIS-2018 study.
AN UNUSUAL BILE DUCT LESION
Authors: P McDonagh, F Maccarthy, D Kevans, K Hartery, S McKiernan
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

ERCP/Direct Oral Cholangioscopy revealed a scarred and ulcerated distal CBD consistent with PSC. Multiple strictures with intrahepatic beading and stenosis in the second order ducts. A papilliform mass just below the hilum, with small islands of papilliform tissue seeded into the right and left first order ducts was seen. Biopsies and brushing taken.
Biomineralization of Bacteria by a Metal–Organic Framework for Therapeutic Delivery
Authors: Shuangqian Yan, Xuemei Zeng, Yu Wang, Bi‐Feng Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Abstract Biomimetic mineralization of live organisms shows extraordinary promise in biotechnology. However, their therapeutic applications have been insufficiently explored. Herein, it is demonstrated that metal–organic framework (MOF)‐engineered bacteria are powerful carriers for tumor‐targeted therapeutic delivery. Specifically, Escherichia coli (MG1655) is coated with a zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 layer coloaded with a photosensitizer and chemical drug through a one‐step in situ method. The as‐prepared bacteria@MOF hybrid preserves its viability and tumor selectivity. It exhibits high therapeutic efficacy both in vitro and in vivo in a combined chemo‐photodynamic manner. To the best of knowledge, this is the first report of engineered bacteria@MOFs for in vivo tumor treatment. This study opens a new horizon for the bioapplications of biomineralized organisms and may provide novel strategies against tumors.