tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transgenic and Diet-Enhanced Silk Production for Reinforced Biomaterials: A Metamaterial Perspective
Authors: Jung Woo Leem, Malcolm J. Fraser, Young L. Kim
Journal: Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering (2020)

Silk fibers, which are protein-based biopolymers produced by spiders and silkworms, are fascinating biomaterials that have been extensively studied for numerous biomedical applications. Silk fibers often have remarkable physical and biological properties that typical synthetic materials do not exhibit. These attributes have prompted a wide variety of silk research, including genetic engineering, biotechnological synthesis, and bioinspired fiber spinning, to produce silk proteins on a large scale and to further enhance their properties. In this review, we describe the basic properties of spider silk and silkworm silk and the important production methods for silk proteins. We discuss recent advances in reinforced silk using silkworm transgenesis and functional additive diets with a focus on biomedical applications. We also explain that reinforced silk has an analogy with metamaterials such that user-designed atypical responses can be engineered beyond what naturally occurring materials offer. These insights into reinforced silk can guide better engineering of superior synthetic biomaterials and lead to discoveries of unexplored biological and medical applications of silk.
HSR20-093: Psychosocial Support in Older Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer (MBC) Treated at Community Centers
Authors: Bianca Lewis, Caitlin R. Meeker, Elizabeth Handorf, Kelly Filchner, Rino Seedor, Jennifer S. Winn, Lori J. Goldstein, Efrat Dotan
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2020)
MULTI-MORBIDITY, FUNCTIONAL IMPAIRMENT AND MORTALITY IN OLDER PATIENTS AFTER ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A REPORT FROM THE TIGRIS REGISTRY
Authors: Akshay Bagai, Faeez Mohamad Ali, John Gregson, Karen P. Alexander, Mauricio G. Cohen, Karolina Andersson Sundell, David Brieger, Shaun G. Goodman, Jose C. Nicolau, Christopher B. Granger, Stuart Pocock
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
AV NODAL ABLATION IMPROVES LEFT VENTRICULAR REMODELING AND SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION UNDERGOING CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY (CRT) IMPLANTATION
Authors: Divyang Patel, Kevin Trulock, Anirudh Kumar, Eoin Donnellan, Laurie Ann Moennich, Ayman Hussein, Daniel Cantillon, Khaldoun G. Tarakji, Mark Niebauer, Oussama Wazni, Niraj Varma, Bruce Wilkoff, John Rickard
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Surgery versus Conservative Care for Persistent Sciatica Lasting 4 to 12 Months
Authors: Chris S. Bailey, Parham Rasoulinejad, David Taylor, Keith Sequeira, Thomas Miller, Jim Watson, Richard Rosedale, Stewart I. Bailey, Kevin R. Gurr, Fawaz Siddiqi, Andrew Glennie, Jennifer C. Urquhart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

The treatment of chronic sciatica caused by herniation of a lumbar disk has not been well studied in comparison with acute disk herniation. Data are needed on whether diskectomy or a conservative approach is better for sciatica that has persisted for several months.
The utility of DR-70, a novel blood biomarker, in the early detection of lung cancer.
Authors: Afsaneh Motamed-Khorasani, Hooman Etemadi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e17521 Background: Lung cancer accounts for the largest percentage of cancer in adults in North America. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85-90% of all lung cancers with a death rate of 85%. Early diagnosis is the only chance of a cure when surgery or chemo-radiotherapy can be performed. Chest X-ray is the routine first diagnostic step but is not confirmatory. The purpose of this study was to further validate DR-70 utility in lung cancer early detection considering the relatively high sensitivity of this test. Onko-Sure is a regulatory approved blood test for detection/monitoring of lung cancer treatment/recurrence. It measures the accumulation of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in the serum using anti-DR-70 antibody. Methods: A total of 239 serum samples were retrospectively obtained from a serum bank and were tested with DR-70. There were two arms: healthy controls (n= 120) and biopsy-confirmed lung cancers (n= 119) including: small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (n=7) and NSCLC (n=112). The NSCLC included adenocarcinoma (n=65), squamous carcinoma (n=37), large cell lung cancer (n=4) and others (n=6). The data were analyzed to find the optimal cut point, sensitivity and specificity of DR-70. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of 63% and 87.5% were achieved, respectively (cut-point of 1.2 ug/ml). For SCLC, the sensitivity and specificity of 57.1% and 82.5% were achieved (cut-point: 1.1 ug/ml). For NSCLC, the sensitivity and specificity of 65.2% and 87.5% were achieved (cut-point: 1.2 ug/ml). Among the subcategories of NSCLC, DR-70 showed the highest sensitivity for acinar cell carcinoma (81.8%). Furthermore, DR-70 showed sensitivity of 59.5%, 70.4, 66.7 and 70% for stages I, II, III, and IV. Conclusions: Chest X-Ray is the routine first step in lung cancer detection with the sensitivity of 78.3%. It is not confirmatory and it can miss lesions smaller than 1 cm. These findings are promising and highlight DR-70 test as an additional first line diagnostic tool that can potentially replace X-ray to increase the diagnosis sensitivity as early as stage I. An enhanced ability to diagnose NSCLC in an early stage (I/II) should significantly improve prognosis, treatment options and survival rate for patients with lung cancer.
REAL-WORLD DATA FROM A MULTICENTER REGISTRY OF CORONARY LITHOTRIPSY FOR TREATMENT OF CALCIFIED CORONARY LESIONS
Authors: Hector Cubero-Gallego, Raul Millan, Monica Fuertes-Barahona, Ignacio Amat-Santos, Xavier Quiroga, Josep Gomez-Lara, Neus Salvatella, Helena Tizon-Marcos, Alejandro Negrete, Beatriz Vaquerizo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
A SIMPLE METHOD TO DETECT LEAKS AFTER LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE OCCLUSION WITH WATCHMAN
Authors: Sanghamitra Mohanty, Huseyin Ayhan, Omer Gedikli, Chintan Trivedi, Domenico Della Rocca, Carola Gianni, Anu Salwan, Alisara Anannab, Bryan Macdonald, Angel Mayedo, John Burkhardt, Amin Al-Ahmad, Rodney Horton, Luigi Di Biase, Andrea Natale
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Analysis of the quality of reporting surgical procedures in patients undergoing resection for primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A reporting tool derived from the EORTC–STBSG 62024 trial.
Authors: Peter Hohenberger, Piotr Rutkowski, Sylvie Bonvalot, Frits van Coevorden, Eberhard Stoeckle, Christine Olungu, Monia Ouali, Paolo Giovanni Casali, Alessandro Gronchi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

10096 Background: Features of surgery for the primary tumor (rupture, extent and completeness of resection) contribute significantly on the indication for adjuvant treatment in patients with GIST. No reporting tool for surgery for a primary GIST has been established. EORTC 62024 is a phase III trial evaluating the use of adjuvant imatinib in GIST and was used for an analysis of the data of surgical procedures. Methods: 908 pts. from 11 countries were recruited. At study entry, a copy of the surgical record and pathology report had to be submitted in addition to the case record forms (CRFs) which included a surgical questionnaire on 19 items on the circumstances of the resection (elective/emergency, GIST diagnosis established preop., tumor rupture, R-status, concordance of preop. and intraop. staging, surgical technique, complications). We then reviewed the original documents and compared them with the documentation on the CRFs. The full set of data was available from 793/906 patients (87.3%). Results: The diagnosis of GIST was known preop. in 58% of the cases, and 12% of the pts. had been treated as an emergency. The R0 resection rate was 87%. The incidence of tumor rupture was 9% and 24% of the pts. had undergone lymphadenectomy. The consistency between pre- and intraoperative findings was 82%. The concordance between CRFs and original documents was 77%. Concordance of the original documents with the surgical questionnaire (CRFs) was critical in 4/19 items. Discrepancies and misinterpretation rates were highest when data managers from medical oncologists had completed the CRFs based on letters of patient discharge. Based on the evaluation, the surgical reporting tool can be refined and shortened to 13 items for future applications. Conclusions: Findings at surgery for the primary tumor not properly reported might significantly influence the decision of whether or not to treat patients with adjuvant imatinib. The refined surgical reporting tool could be helpful to gather all relevant information about the intraoperative elements of surgery for the primary GIST. Surgeons are to be asked to report those data themselves.
Beyond the bevacizumab resistance, combined effects of erlotinib in heavily pretreated patients with recurrent ovarian cancers.
Authors: Yoshihiro Kikuchi, Masashi Takano, Yuji Ikeda, Ryoko Kikuchi, Kazuya Kudoh, Naoki Sasaki, Masaru Sakamoto, Tsunekazu Kita, Yasuhisa Terao, Satoru Takeda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e16505 Background: In heavily pretreated ovarian cancer patients, bevacizumab (B) combined with conventional chemotherapy has been reported to improve the response. However, responses to B are usually transient and resistance inevitably develops. The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are valid targets in many solid tumors, and their inhibitors have synergistic effects in preclinical studies. Methods: In 13 patients with heavily pretreated ovarian cancers, after development of B resistance erlotinib (E) (150 mg/day, 3 week, one week rest) and B (2 mg/kg/week, 3 week, one week rest) were administered with cytotoxic agents until development of disease progression or unmanageable adverse effects (AE). The primary endpoint in this study was response rate (RR) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Of 13 patients, 3 patients were not evaluable for response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST). Of 10 patients, 3 (30%) patients had partial responses (PR), 4 (40%) had stable diseases (SD), resulting in 70% clinical benefit rate (CBR). The PFS lasts more than 6 months in 4 (40%) patients. Although main AEs by E were rash, diarrhea and mucositis, all cases were manageable and tolerable. Conclusions: E administration after development of B resistance can reverse effects of B in 70% of heavily pretreated patients with recurrent ovarian cancers. AE of E was manageable and tolerable. These results warrant further studies in such clinical settings.
ROLE OF EXERCISE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN PREDICTING LONG-TERM HEMODYNAMIC AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING SURGERY FOR CHRONIC ISCHAEMIC MITRAL VALVE REGURGITATION
Authors: Carlo Fino, Domenico Bruno Vito, Diego Bellavia, Attilio Iacovoni, Julien Magne, Maurizio Merlo, Diego Cugola, Amedeo Terzi, Samuele Bichi, Michele Senni, Massimo Caputo, Michele Di Mauro, Francesco Innocente, Caterina Simon, Andrea Vignoni, Valeria Lombardi, Philippe Pibarot
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
A comparison of quality of life and symptoms in kidney cancer patients receiving sorafenib versus placebo
Authors: R. Dhanda, K. Gondek, J. Song, D. Cella, R. M. Bukowski, B. Escudier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

4534 Background: Results from the Phase III TARGETs study showed that sorafenib significantly prolonged progression-free survival compared with placebo in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. Overall survival was longer with sorafenib than placebo with a hazard ratio of 0.72. The impact of sorafenib treatment on health-related quality of life (HRQL) and symptoms was also evaluated. Methods: HRQL was measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G). Symptoms were measured by the FACT-Kidney Cancer Symptom Index (FKSI), in which patients used a Likert scale (0–4) to respond to each of 15 items. FACT-G and FKSI were administered at baseline, at Day 1 of each cycle, and at end-of-treatment visit. Statistical analyses used a random coefficient model over five cycles, using MSKCC risk and treatment as factors and baseline score and relative days as covariates, adjusted for multiple comparisons with Bonferroni correction. Results: A total of 903 patients were randomized. The FACT-G completion rates at baseline, and Cycles 2, 3, 4, and 5 were; 96%, 91%, 95%, 99%, and 100%, respectively. The FKSI completion rates were; 94%, 89%, 94%, 97%, and 100%, respectively. The completion rate within each patient reported outcome (PRO) measure, across all visits, was 93%. At baseline, there was no between-treatment difference in score for either FACT-G or FKSI. There was no treatment difference after adjusting for multiple comparisons in mean FACT-G total score (p = 0.96) or its domains (physical well-being [p = 0.92]; emotional well-being [p = 0.46]); social well-being [p = 0.75]; functional well-being [p = 0.94]), and no difference in total score of FKSI over time. FKSI single-item analysis showed that sorafenib-treated patients had significantly less symptoms vs placebo (e.g. cough [p &lt; 0.0001], fevers [p = 0.0015], ‘worry that condition will worsen’ [p = 0.0004], shortness of breath [p ≤ 0.0312], and ‘ability to enjoy life’ [p = 0.0119]). Only ‘concern about treatment side-effects’ favored placebo patients (p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: Sorafenib demonstrates clinical benefit without adversely impacting overall HRQL, and has a positive impact on individual symptoms. [Table: see text]
The impact of advanced age on outcomes in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
Authors: Virginia Ann Moye, Sindhu Chandramouleeswaran, Ni Zhao, Hyman Muss, Mark C Weissler, Susan M Brossoie, Michele C Hayward, David N. Hayes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

5577 Background: Limited data are available regarding outcomes in elderly head and neck cancer patients. This retrospective study was designed to characterize head and neck cancer in geriatric patients in the UNC Tumor Registry. Methods: Of 1,598 patients identified from the registry, 1,291 patients were &lt;70 years old (young group, YG) and 307 patients were &gt; 70 (elderly group, EG) at diagnosis. Both overall survival (OS), calculated from diagnosis to death or the last follow up, and relapse free survival (RFS) were censored at 60 months. Log-rank test was used to compare survival difference. Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate hazard ratio, adjusting for potential confounding factors. All tests were performed in R 2.13.1. Results: EG patients were more likely to present at an early stage with 25% presenting at stage I and 37% presenting at stage IV compared to 17% and 51% respectively in YG. EG had a median OS of 35 months (95% CI: 28-41 months) compared to approximately 60 months in YG (p &lt; 0.0001 log rank test). The median RFS for EG and YG are 25 (95% CI: 20-32 months) and 44 (95% CI: 38-52 months) months respectively (p &lt; 0.0001 log rank test). When controlling for possible confounders, EG patients were nearly twice as likely to die (HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.635-2.302, p&lt;0.0001) and 70% more likely to relapse in 5 years compared to YG (HR 1.704, 95% CI 1.449-2.004, p&lt;0.05). The median life expectancy for elderly patients in our study was nearly 5 years for stage I/II and &lt;2 years for stage III/IV. Conclusions: Poor OS and RFS in elderly patients compared to younger patients in this study indicate a need for further investigation considering comorbidities and aggressiveness of treatment. Significant differences in life expectancy in elderly patients with early versus late disease may help guide patients and clinicians in determining how aggressively to treat.
EFFECTIVE MENTORSHIP RELATIONSHIPS: A PILOT STUDY FROM ACC WOMEN IN CARDIOLOGY CONNECTICUT CHAPTER TO UNDERSTAND ALIGNMENT OF NEEDS AND EXPECTATIONS
Authors: Natalija Odanovic, Katharine Clapham, Burcu Gul, Kristin Stawiarski, Aswini Kumar, Anjali Dutta, Supriya Tigadi, Anita Kelsey, Celina M. Yong, Judith Meadows, S. Elissa Altin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Failure pattern after response to reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Olbia Serra, Sergi Peralta, Lucia Heras, Alicia Garcia, Maria Plana, Rafael Villanueva, Montse Martin, Ferran Losa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e18030 Background: Reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) significantly increase survival for patients with previously treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Some studies have shown that most of responders to TKIs failed due to the appearance of new lesions without progression of the pre-existing target lesions. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with advanced NSCLC diagnosed from 2005 to 2010 at two different hospitals in Catalonia (Spain) to identify those treated with TKIs. Patients with a clinical objective benefit as defined by Jackman were included. We analyzed both the clinical features of patients and their failure pattern. Results: There were 34 patients, 14 were women, with a median age of 64 years (range: 38 -81 years). Twenty-seven cases were adenocarcinoma while only 3 were squamous cell carcinoma. Eleven patients had never smoked. Previously to TKI, all patients received at least one line of chemotherapy except nine patients who received TKI as first-line treatment. Median time to progression after initiation of TKI was 8.7 months (1.9 - 38.9 months). Radiological TKI response was CR/PR/SD: 1/15/17 (1 not available). Rash and diarrhea were the most common toxic effects. No grade 3 or 4 toxicities were observed. TKI was discontinued in all patients after disease progression; 12 patients were unable to receive further therapy due to symptomatic deterioration. In 19 patients, PD was due to the appearance of new lesions and not to progression of the pre-existing lesions. Results of mutations of EGFR were available in 7 patients (ratio of mutant/wild status was 5/2). In all patients with known EGFR mutation, only new lesions leaded to progression. Conclusions: In spite of our series’ heterogeneity, results are consistent with previous data and suggest that a wide range of patients can benefit from TKIs. Furthermore, more than half of progressions were due to new lesions. Patients with known EGFR mutation strictly followed this failure pattern, though larger studies in EGFR mutated patients are needed to assess both failure patterns and benefits of continuing TKIs after progression when pre-existing lesions are stable.
Multiple Plasma Biomarkers for Risk Stratification in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Julio A Chirinos, Alena Orlenko, Lei Zhao, Michael D Basso, Mary Ellen Cvijic, Zhuyin Li, Thomas E Spires, Melissa Yarde, Zhaoqing Wang, Dietmar A Seiffert, Stuart Prenner, Payman Zamani, Priyanka Bhattacharya, Anupam Kumar, Kenneth B Margulies, Bruce D Car, David A Gordon, Jason H Moore, Thomas P Cappola
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
THE GREAT MIMICKER: AN UNUSUAL CASE OF CARDIAC AMYLOIDOSIS PRESENTING AS HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY WITH DYNAMIC OBSTRUCTION
Authors: Tanushree Agrawal, Isaac Tea, Kinan Carlos El Tallawi, Karen Thomas, Ashrith Guha, Barry Trachtenberg, Imad Hussain
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Systematic literature review of processes and challenges in establishing accurate diagnosis of hematologic malignancies.
Authors: Laura Oberthur Johnson, Victoria Zarotsky, April H. Teitelbaum
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e17017 Background: Multiple tests are often needed to ensure accurate differential diagnosis (DDX) of hematologic malignancies, particularly for rare/complex conditions. Integration of morphology, immunophenotype, cytogenetic, and molecular results present challenges but is critical to determine prognostic parameters and treatment (tx) decisions. Methods: Systematic literature search was performed (PubMed/MedLine, EMBASE, Cochrane Library) for US-based articles in last 10 yrs regarding DDX of myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloproliferative neoplasm, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Results: 35 articles were identified that addressed methods (n=27) and/or accuracy/timing (n=15) of establishing a diagnosis. Diagnostic (dx) ability improved with use of systematic processes/algorithms (ALG), comparative techniques, and harmonization/central review; few ALG were comprehensive. Updates/revisions of disease-specific dx criteria could result in dx change. Accuracy improved with experienced clinicians (disease-specific knowledge), specialized pathologists (vs. generalists), tissue sample type/quality, and ancillary test availability. A pathologist’s dx ability was related to experience with rare/complex histological subtypes. Dx accuracy was often complicated by inconsistent/overlapping clinical presentation and lack of standardized terminology or reproducible results across facilities. Delays were attributed to lack of dx experience and patient’s health insurance type. Impact of dx delay on clinical outcomes was largely not addressed. Conclusions: With shift from morphologic- to genetic/molecular-based approaches, determination of tests done in parallel/reflexively often requires expert input. Impact of delayed dx on clinical outcomes is lacking. Standardized dx processes/ALG, along with access to expert hematopathologist review and interpretation of test results, may lead to earlier and improved dx accuracy and appropriate/timely tx initiation, thereby avoiding consequences of erroneous dx, especially of benign conditions initially dx as malignant.