tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P364: Baseline and Change in Blood Pressure Are Associated With Central Arterial Stiffening and Pressure Pulsatility in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study - Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS)
Authors: Michelle L Meyer, Hirofumi Tanaka, Priya Palta, Timothy Hughes, Anna Kucharska-Newton, Jingkai Wei, Kunihiro Matsushita, Aaron R Folsom, Ron C Hoogeveen, Gerardo Heiss
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Greater central arterial stiffness and pulsatility predict target organ small vessel disease and all-cause mortality. Understanding change in artery stiffness and pulsatility and their determinants has implications for prevention. Reports of the temporal association of blood pressure with arterial stiffness and pulsatility are conflicting. Objective: Characterize the prospective association of blood pressure with changes in arterial stiffness and pulsatility in a population of older black and white adults. Methods: This is a preliminary analysis of 864 adults (508 women; 164 black; mean age 74 years) examined in both visits 5 (2011-2013) and 6 (2016-2018; n=4,215 expected) of the population-based ARIC-NCS. At both visits, certified staff measured arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV), brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV)) and pulsatility (central pulse pressure (cPP)). Associations of baseline (visit 5) and annual change in SBP, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and central SBP (cSBP) with the annual change in PWV and cPP were evaluated by multivariable linear regression. We adjusted for age, sex, race-center, and visit 5 heart rate, body mass index, smoking status, hypertension medication, and type 2 diabetes. Results: Over the 5 years between visits, cfPWV increased by 28 cm/s/y, baPWV increased by 28 cm/s/y, and cPP increased by 0.62 mmHg/y. Higher baseline SBP, DBP, and cSBP were associated with lower annual change in cfPWV, baPWV, and cPP (Table). Higher annual changes in SBP, DBP, and cSBP were associated with greater annual change in cfPWV, baPWV, and cPP. Their effect on annual change in cfPWV, baPWV, and cPP were ~double that of the baseline measures. Conversely, baseline PWV was not associated with annual changes in blood pressure. Conclusion: Annual changes in SBP, DBP, and cSBP are modifiable traits that were positively associated with change in arterial stiffness and pulsatility. Lowering blood pressure, therefore, may reduce the progression of arterial stiffness among older adults.
Comprehensive Genetic Characterization of Human Thyroid Cancer Cell Lines: A Validated Panel for Preclinical Studies
Authors: Iñigo Landa, Nikita Pozdeyev, Christopher Korch, Laura A. Marlow, Robert C. Smallridge, John A. Copland, Ying C. Henderson, Stephen Y. Lai, Gary L. Clayman, Naoyoshi Onoda, Aik Choon Tan, Maria E.R. Garcia-Rendueles, Jeffrey A. Knauf, Bryan R. Haugen, James A. Fagin, Rebecca E. Schweppe
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Purpose: Thyroid cancer cell lines are valuable models but have been neglected in pancancer genomic studies. Moreover, their misidentification has been a significant problem. We aim to provide a validated dataset for thyroid cancer researchers. Experimental Design: We performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) and analyzed the transcriptome of 60 authenticated thyroid cell lines and compared our findings with the known genomic defects in human thyroid cancers. Results: Unsupervised transcriptomic analysis showed that 94% of thyroid cell lines clustered distinctly from other lineages. Thyroid cancer cell line mutations recapitulate those found in primary tumors (e.g., BRAF, RAS, or gene fusions). Mutations in the TERT promoter (83%) and TP53 (71%) were highly prevalent. There were frequent alterations in PTEN, PIK3CA, and of members of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, mismatch repair, cell-cycle checkpoint, and histone methyl- and acetyltransferase functional groups. Copy number alterations (CNA) were more prevalent in cell lines derived from advanced versus differentiated cancers, as reported in primary tumors, although the precise CNAs were only partially recapitulated. Transcriptomic analysis showed that all cell lines were profoundly dedifferentiated, regardless of their derivation, making them good models for advanced disease. However, they maintained the BRAFV600E versus RAS-dependent consequences on MAPK transcriptional output, which correlated with differential sensitivity to MEK inhibitors. Paired primary tumor-cell line samples showed high concordance of mutations. Complete loss of p53 function in TP53 heterozygous tumors was the most prominent event selected during in vitro immortalization. Conclusions: This cell line resource will help inform future preclinical studies exploring tumor-specific dependencies.
Combined radiotherapy and transarterial chemoembolization as a first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma with macroscopic vascular invasion.
Authors: Sang MIN Yoon, Ji Hyeon Joo, Jinhong Jung, Yeon Joo Kim, Jin-hong Park, Jong Hoon Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

452 Background: To evaluate the long-term clinical outcome of respiratory-gatedconformal radiotherapy in combination withtransarterial chemoembolization (TACE)asafirst-line treatment foradvanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with macroscopic vascular invasion (MVI). Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of patientswho were diagnosed with HCC showing MVI who received TACE plus radiotherapy as their initial treatment between 2010 and 2015. Inclusion criteria were Child-Pugh A or B hepatic function and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score 0–2. None of the patients had a previous history of radiotherapy to the liver or extrahepatic metastasis. Results: A total of 467 patients were included in the study. Patients were between 34 and 87 years of age, and 89.3% were male. The median maximum tumor diameter was 9.8 cm and 297 patients (63.6%) had Child-Pugh A hepatic function. Two hundred and eighty (60%) patients had multiple tumors; 45% of tumors showed bilobar involvement. Unilateral portal vein invasion was observed in 206 (44.1%) patients and main/bilateral portal veinor multiple vascular invasion were observed in 261 (55.9%) patients. The median overall survival was 12.5 months, with one- and two-year survival rates of 52% and 28%, respectively. Larger tumor size, multiple tumors, infiltrative tumor type, Child-Pugh class B, and alpha-fetoprotein ≥ 200 ng/ml were independent predictors of overall survival. Grade ≥ 3 hepatic and gastrointestinal toxicities were observed in 3 (0.6%) and 5 (1.1%) patients, respectively. Conclusions: Radiotherapy combined with TACE as an initial treatment was a safe and effective modality for advanced HCC patients with MVIand could be considered as first-line therapy in patients with liver-confined HCC showing MVI.
Abstract 13639: Time to Extubation May Indicate Quality of Care Following Neonatal Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Joshua Blinder, Ravi Thiagarajan, Kathryn Williams, Meena Nathan, John Mayer, Thomas Kulik
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Most neonates survive cardiac surgery, but assessing quality of care is challenging. We aimed to determine: a) minimum time to extubation (TTE) assuming “perfect” care (i.e. no complications and adequate repair) and b) how potentially avoidable events influence TTE. Methods: Neonates &lt;30 days old undergoing RACHS-1 classifiable surgery from 1/09-1/13 were reviewed using existing data. Technical performance score (TPS) measures adequacy of repair using imaging and clinical criteria prior to hospital discharge: class 1 (trivial/no residua), class 2(minor residua) and class 3 (major residua/re-intervention). Minimum TTE was determined for RACHS-1 class 2, 3-4 and 5-6. Classes 3 and 4 were collapsed as TTE was similar and 5-6 due to too few class 5 pts. Multiple linear regression was used to identify the variables associated with TTE days. Results: 601 neonates underwent surgery, 58% were male, median age (IQR) was 5.6 (3.6, 9.4) days, median (IQR) BSA was 0.21 (0.19, 0.22) m 2 ; 27% had single ventricle palliation. STS defined-preop factors occurred in 35% (e.g. preop ventilation, genetic anomalies, shock, need for CPR, and sepsis) while postop complications in 72%. 95% of patients with class 3 TPS and 67% of pts with class 1-2 TPS had postoperative complications (p&lt;0.001). Preop (p=0.015) and postop (p&lt;0.001) complications, RACHS-1 class (p&lt;0.001) and class 3 TPS (p&lt;0.001) were associated with increased TTE. Table 1 indicates that with class 3 TPS, preop factors and postop complications, TTE increases across each RACHS-1 class, with the lowest TTE occurring in patients with an class 1 or 2 TPS and no preop factors or postop complications. Conclusion: Class 3 (major residua/re-intervention) surgical performance, preop factors and postop complications affect TTE. Recognizing that not all postop complications are avoidable, TTE may be a surrogate measurement of the quality of care.
The Evolving Role of the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory in the Management of Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Demetris Yannopoulos, Jason A. Bartos, Tom P. Aufderheide, Clifton W. Callaway, Rajat Deo, Santiago Garcia, Henry R. Halperin, Karl B. Kern, Peter J. Kudenchuk, Robert W. Neumar, Ganesh Raveendran
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Coronary artery disease is prevalent in different causes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), especially in individuals presenting with shockable rhythms of ventricular fibrillation/pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VF/pVT). The purpose of this report is to review the known prevalence and potential importance of coronary artery disease in patients with OHCA and to describe the emerging paradigm of treatment with advanced perfusion/reperfusion techniques and their potential benefits on the basis of available evidence. Although randomized clinical trials are planned or ongoing, current scientific evidence rests principally on observational case series with their potential confounding selection bias. Among patients resuscitated from VF/pVT OHCA with ST-segment elevation on their postresuscitation ECG, the prevalence of coronary artery disease has been shown to be 70% to 85%. More than 90% of these patients have had successful percutaneous coronary intervention. Conversely, among patients resuscitated from VF/pVT OHCA without ST-segment elevation on their postresuscitation ECG, the prevalence of coronary artery disease has been shown to be 25% to 50%. For these patients, early access to the cardiac catheterization laboratory is associated with a 10% to 15% absolute higher functionally favorable survival rate compared with more conservative approaches of late or no access to the cardiac catheterization laboratory. In patients with VF/pVT OHCA refractory to standard treatment, a new treatment paradigm is also emerging that uses venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to facilitate return of normal perfusion and to support further resuscitation efforts, including coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention. The burden of coronary artery disease is high in this patient population, presumably causative in most patients. The strategy of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, coronary angiography, and percutaneous coronary intervention has resulted in functionally favorable survival rates ranging from 9% to 45% in observational studies in this patient population. Patients with VF/pVT should be considered at the highest severity in the continuum of acute coronary syndromes. These patients have a significant burden of coronary artery disease and acute coronary thrombotic events. Evidence from randomized trials will further define optimal clinical practice.
Abstract 14975: Risk Stratification in Long Qt Syndrome Patients With Very Prolonged Qtc Interval
Authors: Yitschak Biton, Usama Daimee, Arthur Moss, Wojciech Zareba, Valentina Kutyifa, Scott Mcnitt, Bronislava Polonsky, Ilan Goldenberg
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Long QT (LQT) syndrome patients with very prolonged QTc interval are at increased risk for worsened outcomes. We aimed to identify risk factors associated with adverse cardiac events ...
Secondhand Smoke Exposure
Authors: Bridget Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Romidepsin in Combination with Gemcitabine, Oxaliplatin, and Dexamethasone Shows Durable Responses in Aggressive Lymphomas Including AITL and DLBCL: Phase I Results
Authors: Neha Mehta-Shah, Peter A Riedell, Nancy L. Bartlett, Amanda F Cashen, Brad S Kahl, Todd A Fehniger, Chaz Moreno, Kenneth R. Carson
Journal: Blood (2018)
A Protective Function for the Transcription factor STAT6 in Eczematous Skin Inflammation Revealed in Mice with Enhanced IL-4R Signaling
Authors: Hani Harb, Emmanuel Stephen Victor, Mingcan Xia, Magali Noval Rivas, Michiko K. Oyoshi, Talal A. Chatila
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
A Video Is Worth a Thousand Operative Notes
Authors: Justin B. Dimick, John W. Scott
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Darolutamide in Nonmetastatic, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Karim Fizazi, Neal Shore, Teuvo L. Tammela, Albertas Ulys, Egils Vjaters, Sergey Polyakov, Mindaugas Jievaltas, Murilo Luz, Boris Alekseev, Iris Kuss, Christian Kappeler, Amir Snapir, Toni Sarapohja, Matthew R. Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

Darolutamide is a structurally unique androgen-receptor antagonist that is under development for the treatment of prostate cancer. We evaluated the efficacy of darolutamide for delaying metastasis and death in men with nonmetastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Sparing Anti-Bacterial Prophylaxis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia during Post Induction Aplasia Does Not Impact on Bacteriemiae Incidence and Early Death: A Retrospective Single Center Study
Authors: Chiara Frairia, Irene Urbino, Ernesta Audisio, Semra Aydin, Stefano D'Ardia, Messa Emanuela, Giorgia Iovino, Barbara Nicolino, Umberto Vitolo
Journal: Blood (2018)
Long-term outcomes of an educational intervention to reduce antibiotic prescribing for childhood upper respiratory tract infections in rural China: Follow-up of a cluster-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Xiaolin Wei, Zhitong Zhang, Joseph P. Hicks, John D. Walley, Rebecca King, James N. Newell, Jia Yin, Jun Zeng, Yan Guo, Mei Lin, Ross E. G. Upshur, Qiang Sun
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2019)

Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing causes widespread serious health problems. To reduce prescribing of antibiotics in Chinese primary care to children with upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), we developed an intervention comprising clinical guidelines, monthly prescribing review meetings, doctor-patient communication skills training, and education materials for caregivers. We previously evaluated our intervention using an unblinded cluster-randomised controlled trial (cRCT) in 25 primary care facilities across two rural counties. When our trial ended at the 6-month follow-up period, we found that the intervention had reduced antibiotic prescribing for childhood URTIs by 29 percentage points (pp) (95% CI -42 to -16).In this long-term follow-up study, we collected our trial outcomes from the one county (14 facilities and 1:1 cluster randomisation ratio) that had electronic records available 12 months after the trial ended, at the 18-month follow-up period. Our primary outcome was the antibiotic prescription rate (APR)-the percentage of outpatient prescriptions containing any antibiotic(s) for children aged 2 to 14 years who had a primary diagnosis of a URTI and had no other illness requiring antibiotics. We also conducted 15 in-depth interviews to understand how interventions were sustained. In intervention facilities, the APR was 84% (1,171 out of 1,400) at baseline, 37% (515 out of 1,380) at 6 months, and 54% (2,748 out of 5,084) at 18 months, and in control facilities, it was 76% (1,063 out of 1,400), 77% (1,084 out of 1,400), and 75% (2,772 out of 3,685), respectively. After adjusting for patient and prescribing doctor covariates, compared to the baseline intervention-control difference, the difference at 6 months represented a 6-month intervention-arm reduction in the APR of -49 pp (95% CI -63 to -35; P < 0.0001), and compared to the baseline difference, the difference at 18 months represented an 18-month intervention-arm reduction in the APR of -36 pp (95% CI -55 to -17; P < 0.0001). Compared to the 6-month intervention-control difference, the difference at 18 months represented no change in the APR: 13 pp (95% CI -7 to 33; P = 0.21). Factors reported to sustain reductions in antibiotic prescribing included doctors' improved knowledge and communication skills and focused prescription review meetings, whereas lack of supervision and monitoring may be associated with relapse. Key limitations were not including all clusters from the trial and not collecting returned visits or sepsis cases.Our intervention was associated with sustained and substantial reductions in antibiotic prescribing at the end of the intervention period and 12 months later. Our intervention may be adapted to similar resource-poor settings.ISRCTN registry ISRCTN14340536.
Thrombo-embolism in Acute and in Healed Myocardial Infarction
Authors: ROBERT A. JORDAN, R. DREW MILLER, JESSE E. EDWARDS, ROBERT L. PARKER
Journal: Circulation (1952)

This is a study of the location and incidence of intracardiac thrombi in acute and in healed myocardial infarction. In myocardial infarction intracardiac thrombi occur predominantly in the left ventricle. Anterior myocardial infarcts are more commonly associated with mural thrombi than posterior myocardial infarcts. Large myocardial infarcts and congestive failure are factors which predispose to the formation of left ventricular mural thrombi in myocardial infarction.
In Raynaud phenomenon, on-demand sildenafil did not reduce disability or frequency or duration of attacks
Authors: Reza Mirza, Gordon Guyatt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

ACP Journal Club19 February 2019In Raynaud phenomenon, on-demand sildenafil did not reduce disability or frequency or duration of attacksReza Mirza, MD, Gordon Guyatt, MDReza Mirza, MDMcMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.M., G.G.), Gordon Guyatt, MDMcMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.M., G.G.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJ201902190-021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationRoustit M, Giai J, Gaget O, et al. On-demand sildenafil as a treatment for Raynaud phenomenon: a series ofn-of-1 trials. Ann Intern Med. 2018;169:694-703. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30383134Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Rheumatology: References1 Herrick AL. Pathogenesis of Raynaud's phenomenon. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005;44:587-96. [PMID: 15741200] Google Scholar2 Roustit M, Blaise S, Allanore Y, et al. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors for the treatment of secondary Raynaud's phenomenon: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72:1696-9. [PMID: 23426043] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.M., G.G.)This article was published at Annals.org on 5 February 2019. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySildenafil beyond erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Thinking about new indications 19 February 2019Volume 170, Issue 4Page: JC21KeywordsBayesian methodDisabilitiesOutpatient clinicsOutpatientsPathogenesisPatientsPulmonary diseasesPulmonary hypertensionRheumatologyTemperature ePublished: 19 February 2019 Issue Published: 19 February 2019 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2019 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Erratum
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS section should have read "Mann-Whitney U test, a nonparametric test, was used to compare the differences in various parameters before and after intervention between the two groups" rather than "Wilcoxon signed rank test, a nonparametric test, was used to compare the differences in various parameters before and after intervention between the two groups."The online version reflects these changes.care.diabetesjournals.org
Double-Stranded RNA Sensors and Modulators in Innate Immunity
Authors: Sun Hur
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2019)

Detection of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) is a central mechanism of innate immune defense in many organisms. We here discuss several families of dsRNA-binding proteins involved in mammalian antiviral innate immunity. These include RIG-I-like receptors, protein kinase R, oligoadenylate synthases, adenosine deaminases acting on RNA, RNA interference systems, and other proteins containing dsRNA-binding domains and helicase domains. Studies suggest that their functions are highly interdependent and that their interdependence could offer keys to understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms for cellular dsRNA homeostasis and antiviral immunity. This review aims to highlight their interconnectivity, as well as their commonalities and differences in their dsRNA recognition mechanisms.