tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Surviving metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC): The lived experience and supportive care needs of patients (pts) receiving immunotherapy (IT) or targeted therapy (TT).
Authors: Julia Elizabeth Lai-Kwon, Sarah Heynemann, Jacinthe Flore, Mary Duffy, Renata Kokanovic, Michael Jefford
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e24185 Background: IT and TT have improved survival for many pts with mNSCLC. However, the lived experience of these pts is under-studied. We conducted a single centre, qualitative study to understand concerns and supportive care needs of this novel survivor population. Methods: Eligible pts had mNSCLC, aged &gt;18, English speaking and &gt; 6 months post initiation of IT/TT without progressive disease. Semi-structured interviews were conducted focusing on physical, psychological, social and functional impacts of diagnosis, therapy and prognosis. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. The framework method of analysis was used. Results: 20 pts were interviewed between May-December 2019; median age 62 years (range 34-83), 13 (65%) female; median time since diagnosis of mNSCLC 27 months (range 10-108). 12/20 (60%) had tumours with a targetable molecular alteration (EGFR/ALK/BRAF). 6 were receiving IT, 11 TT, 2 IT and chemotherapy, 1 IT and TT. Dominant themes included: the experience of chronic toxicities (cutaneous, gastrointestinal, fatigue); psychological concerns (living with uncertainty, fear of cancer progression [FCP], scan-related anxiety, stigma around smoking, loneliness) and coping strategies (living in the present, practising self-care with exercise and meditation, early discussions with their treating team regarding future treatment options, and accessing psychology services); the desire for tailored information (internet resources, support groups, challenges in accessing pertinent information); and the desire for assistance with practical issues (financial planning, returning to work, challenges of long-term clinical trial participation, difficulty planning for the future). Conclusions: Longer term survivors of mNSCLC report significant physical, psychological and functional concerns and unmet needs. Self-management strategies for chronic toxicities, professional psychological services to manage FCP and scan-related anxiety, and tailored information regarding work and financial planning may mitigate these concerns. Future work should examine these issues in a larger population.
Quality of life of emergency physicians vs out-patient physicians within tertiary hospitals in Beijing
Authors: Qu-chuan Zhao, Jin-wei Niu, Yan Guo
Journal: BMJ (2008)

This survey was to assess physicians' quality of life within tertiary hospitals in Beijing.SF-36 was used to analyze and compare 160 physicians with normal models. There was significant difference in mental health score between out-patient physicians and general populations (P<0.01). However, there was significant difference in general health (P<0.05), vitality (P<0.01), social function (P<0.01),and mental health (P<0.01) scores between emergency physicians and general populations. There was significant difference in general health (P<0. 05), vitality (P<0.01), social function (P<0. 01), and mental health (P<0.01) scores between emergency physicians and out-patient doctors. Out-patient doctors' quality of life is better than emergency physicians. Emergency physicians might live in sub-health status.

Key words: 
Quality of life;  Physicians
Emergency room presentation of lung cancer as a highly practical prognostic marker for consideration in clinical trials: A SEER database analysis.
Authors: Rao Rashid Mushtaq, Sruthi Yekkaluri, Elisabeth Meyer, D. Ross Camidge
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e19032 Background: Multiple factors influencing lung cancer prognosis could be used for stratification in randomized intervention trials which are either observer-dependent (performance status) or poorly available (education/comorbidity index). In this study we explored the independence of ER presentation of lung cancer (an objective variable) as a prognostic factor. Methods: We performed a study using patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked database, aged 66 years or older and diagnosed with lung cancer between 2007 and 2015. ER presentation was defined as ER visit ≤30 days prior to the earliest diagnostic procedure. Factors associated with ER versus non-ER presentation and the impact of ER presentation on overall survival (OS) and Cancer specific survival (CSS) were assessed. Results: Between 2007 and 2015, a total of 75,798 lung cancer patients met study criteria. 37% of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and 28% non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients had ER presentation. For both histologies, in univariate Chi-Square analysis ER presentation was affected (p &lt; 0.05) by sex, race, marital status, census tract poverty and education levels, number of comorbidities, geographic region, and cancer stage, but not by age (except with NSCLC) or rural/urban commute. Multivariable Logistic Regression showed that for both histologies, stage IV, Black or Hispanic race/ethnicity, East or mid-West region, ≥2 comorbidities, unmarried, and tract poverty level ≥ median were independent risk factors associated with ER presentation (odds ratio &gt; 1). For NSCLC, year of diagnosis ≥2009, female, age ≥75, South region, tract education level &gt; median; for SCLC, year of diagnosis ≥2012 and age 70-74 were also significantly associated with ER-presentation. ER versus non-ER presentation was associated with lower 1-yr OS in NSCLC (43% vs 61% HR 1.79, 95% CI 1.68, 1.77; p &lt; 0.0001) and SCLC (33% vs 43% HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.25, 1.40; p &lt; 0.0001). After adjusting for histology, year of diagnosis, age, sex, race, marital status, region, poverty level, education level, number of comorbidities, and stage in a multivariable Cox model, ER presentation remained an independent poor prognostic marker (HR for OS 1.34, 95% CI 1.31, 1.37; p &lt; 0.0001; HR for CSS 1.32, 95% CI 1.29, 1.36; p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: ER presentation of lung cancer is an independent, objective, highly practical poor prognostic risk factor which should be considered for patient stratification and data analyses within interventional clinical trials.
显微镜下多血管炎10例临床分析
Authors: 应单平, 晏婷婷, 孙凌云
Journal: BMJ (2007)

回顾性分析我院近2年确诊的10例显微镜下多血管炎(MPA)患者的临床表现及实验室检查资料,观察其临床治疗效果及预后.结果 示7例患者抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(ANCA)阳性;10例患者全部存在肺损害,5例出现肺间质纤维化及弥散性通气功能障碍;经糖皮质激素与环磷酰胺联合治疗后,7例好转,3例因肾功能急剧恶化肾衰竭而死亡.提示对于出现多系统损害,尤其是肺、肾损害,表现为肺间质纤维化、急性肾衰竭的患者,应考虑MPA可能,尽早行ANCA检测及肾活检以明确诊断,尽早治疗。
Effects of two immunomodulatory agents for vitiligo and cellular immunity
Authors: Xiaojuan Lu, Qilin Li, Yonghua Huang
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A total of 107 vitiligo patients were randomly divided into 3 groups.Group A received an intralesional injection of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin-polysaccharide nucleic acid (BCG-PSN) (n=34), group B Compound Glycyrrhizin Tablets (n=36) and group C both (n=37). Before treatment and 3 months after treatment, cellular immune function was detected for each group.Paired comparisons of 3 groups before and after treatment showed that CD4+ , CD4+ /CD8+ ratio increased (all P<0.05) and CD8+ decreased (P<0.05). After treatment, as compared with groups A and B, CD4+ increases (both P<0.05) and CD8+ decreased in group C (P<0.05). Group C had an efficiency rate of 91.9% and it was higher than the other two groups (both P<0.05). An intralesional injection of BCG-PSN plus Compound Glycyrrhizin Tablets could improve immune function and treat vitiligo patients efficiently.


Key words: 
Vitiligo; Cellular immunity
Parental restriction reduces the harmful effects of in-bedroom electronic devices
Authors: Fu King-wa, Ho Frederick Ka Wing, Rao Nirmala, Jiang Fan, Li Sophia Ling, Lee Tatia Mei-chun, Chan Sophelia Hoi-shan, Yung Ada Wing-yan, Young Mary Eming, Ip Patrick, 王欣
Journal: BMJ (2018)

目的
调查儿童卧室内的电子设备（ED）是否可能影响正常的入学准备，以及这种关联可否因家长管制和家庭社会经济状况（SES）因素有所好转。


研究设计
这是一项针对卧室ED放置与家长管制的横断面研究。应用多元线性回归分析检测入学准备和卧室ED放置之间的关联性。应用含交互作用项的多元回归分析检测有或无家长管制造成的影响是否一致。


研究地点
在中国香港特别行政区，随机入选2个社会经济背景不同地区的幼儿园。


研究对象
研究纳入556名入园第三年的儿童。


主要结局和指标
依据中国早期开发工具，老师针对性制定儿童入学准备。


结果
研究入选的556名学龄前儿童来自20家幼儿园，平均年龄5.46岁，其中51.8%为女童。约有30%的父母在孩子卧室内至少放置一件ED。校正性别、SES因素后，卧室内放置电视机与整体入学准备不足相关[β=-1.11,95%可信区间（CI）-1.80~-0.42]，而卧室内放置游戏机与社交能力差有关（β=-0.94,95%CI-1.74~-0.15）。上述负面影响在低SES家庭更为凸显，在家长管制的家庭有所缓解。


结论
儿童卧室内放置ED可能导致入学准备欠充分，低SES家庭更为严重。家长管制可能有助于减轻相关危害。
Lithagogue effect of tamsulosin and nifedipine after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in lower ureterai calculi
Authors: Guo-dong Zhao, Yu-feng Li, Xiao-feng Wang
Journal: BMJ (2009)

One hundred and twenty patients with lower ureteral calculi underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) followed by conventional treatment.All patients were divided into 3 groups (40 cases in each) : group 1 was given conventional treatment only as control, group 2 was given nifedipine 10 mg t i.d.additionally, group 3 given tamsulosin 0.4 mg q.d.additionally.On the 1st day after lithotripsy, there was no significant difference in the lithagogue rate among 3 groups (P>0.05).On the 7th day, the lithagogue rate in tamsulosin group was significantly higher than nifedipine group and control group (P 0.0125).It is showed that tamsulosin and nifedipine both can improve the lithagogue rate of the patients with lower ureteral calculi after ESWL, and tamsnlosin can increase the early lithagogue rate.

Key words: 
Ureteral calculi;  Lithotripsy
Manifestations of chest CT imaging in AIDS patients complicated with pulmonary cryptococcosis
Authors: Fangfei Wei, Liping Deng, Yong Xiong, Jun Zhou, Shicheng Gao, Yongxi Zhang, Xi′en Gui
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Objective
To analysis the manifestations of chest CT imaging in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients complicated with pulmonary cryptococcosis.


Methods
The clinical data of 72 AIDS patients complicated with pulmonary cryptococcosis were analyzed retrospectively. There were 3 cases (4.2%) diagnosed with pulmonary cryptococcosis by biopsy, including 1 case of pulmonary cryptococcosis and 2 cases of disseminated cryptococcosis; 69 cases (95.8%) with pulmonary manifestations and clinically diagnosed with pulmonary cryptococcosis, including 43 cases of cryptococcal meningitis and 26 cases of disseminated cryptococcosis. The imaging features of chest CT, in terms of the morphology, size, number, distribution, internal features and margins of the lesions were analyzed.


Results
The chest CT findings were solid nodules or mass in 49 cases (68.1%), patchy shadows in 40 cases (55.6%), cavitary nodules or mass in 10 cases (13.9%), mediastinal and hilar lymph node enlargement in 17 cases (23.6%) and pleural effusion in 10 cases (13.9%).


Conclusion
The chest CT findings of AIDS patients complicated with pulmonary cryptococcosis mainly are multiple solid nodules or masses, patchy shadows and solitary cavitary pulmonary nodules or mass. For early diagnosis and treatment, cryptococcus screening should be performed in HIV-infected patients with pulmonary nodules or mass on chest CT.


Key words: 
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; Cryptococcosis; Tomography, X-ray computed
Abstract 15544: 20-year Experience of Managing Malperfusion With Endovascular Fenestration/Stenting in 602 Patients With Acute Type A Aortic Dissection
Authors: Bo Yang, Elizabeth Norton, Himanshu J Patel, David M Williams, Narasimham Dasika, Karen M Kim, Minhajuddin Khaja, Xiaoting Wu, Whitney E Hornsby, Donald S Likosky, G Michael Deeb
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) with end-organ malperfusion has a very high mortality. This study evaluated short- and long-term outcomes of our approach of treating malperfusi...
A clinical risk score to identify patients with COVID-19 at high risk of critical care admission or death: An observational cohort study
Authors: James B Galloway, Sam Norton, Richard D Barker, Andrew Brookes, Ivana Carey, Benjamin D Clarke, Raeesa Jina, Carole Reid, Mark D Russell, Ruth Sneep, Leah Sugarman, Sarah Williams, Mark Yates, James Teo, Ajay M Shah, Fleur Cantle
Journal: Journal of Infection (2020)
Prevalence and Risk Factors for CKD in the General Population of Southwestern Nicaragua
Authors: Ryan Ferguson, Sarah Leatherman, Madeline Fiore, Kailey Minnings, Martha Mosco, James Kaufman, Eric Kerns, Juan Jose Amador, Daniel R. Brooks, Melissa Fiore, Rulan S. Parekh, Louis Fiore
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Significance Statement Most studies of Mesoamerican nephropathy have focused on regions in El Salvador and northwest Nicaragua and on agricultural workers, but information regarding prevalence and risk factors for CKD in Nicaragua’s general population is sparse. In a study of community-dwelling individuals in southwestern Nicaragua, the authors screened 1242 participants for CKD (defined as &lt;60 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 ). Risk factors for prevalent CKD included age, diabetes, and hypertension. Current or former workers in the sugarcane industry (but not other types of agriculture) had a twofold-increased odds of CKD. CKD prevalence in southwestern Nicaragua is about 5% among the general population but is not consistent across Nicaragua. Formal CKD surveillance programs in Nicaragua are needed to assess the overall burden of CKD nationally, with a focus on agricultural workers. Background Studies have described Mesoamerican nephropathy among agricultural workers of El Salvador and northwestern Nicaragua. Data on prevalence and risk factors for CKD beyond agricultural workers and in other regions in Nicaragua are sparse. Methods We recruited participants from 32 randomly selected communities in the Department of Rivas’s ten municipalities in two phases. In phase 1, we screened participants using a field-based capillary creatinine measuring system and collected self-reported information on lifestyle and occupational, exposure, and health histories. Two years later, in phase 2, we enrolled 222 new participants, performing serum creatinine testing in these participants and confirmatory serum creatinine testing in phase 1 participants. Results We enrolled 1242 of 1397 adults (89%) living in 533 households (median age 41 years; 43% male). We confirmed CKD (eGFR&lt;60 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 ) in 53 of 1227 (4.3%) evaluable participants. In multivariable testing, risk factors for prevalent CKD included age (odds ratio [OR], 1.92; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.89 to 1.96) and self-reported history of hypertension (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.04 to 3.64), diabetes (OR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.40 to 5.93), or current or past work in the sugarcane industry (OR 2.92; 95% CI, 1.36 to 6.27). Conclusions Adjusted CKD prevalence was about 5% with repeat confirmatory testing in southwest Nicaragua, lower than in the northwest region. Risk factors included diabetes, hypertension, and current or prior work in the sugarcane industry but not in other forms of agricultural work. Formal CKD surveillance programs in Nicaragua are needed to assess the overall burden of CKD nationally, with a focus on agricultural workers.
Real-world conditional survival analysis of women with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer.
Authors: Elizabeth A. Szamreta, Matthew J. Monberg, Kaushal Desai, Xin Chen, Megan Othus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e18087 Background: A critical question in determining long-term prognosis for women with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer (OC) is whether or not their risk of death changes with time. The emergence of large, well-populated real-world datasets permits assessment of conditional survival (CS) given prior overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS). Methods: The Tempus EMR clinical dataset consists of patients from both National Cancer Institute designated centers and a sample of community oncology centers in the U.S. This study included adult women with a primary diagnosis of ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer from 1982 to 2018; women treated with a poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor were excluded due to low numbers &amp; limited follow-up (final n = 2,031). The effects of patient attributes on OS were estimated using Cox regression. We calculated CS as the Kaplan-Meier probability of surviving an additional y years (from first line chemotherapy initiation), given no OS or PFS event in the previous x (&lt; y) years. Results: Median age was 61 years and 68% of patients were Caucasian. The majority (92%) had epithelial histology, 58% were stage 3 or 4, and 49% were ECOG 0 or 1. Median OS was 37 months (95% CI: 36-39), and OS differed by age, stage, and performance status; adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for OS were 1.3 (95% CI: 1.0, 1.5) for age &gt; 65 versus &lt; 45, 2.4 for stage 4 versus stage 1 (95% CI: 1.7, 3.4), and 1.4 for ECOG 2 to 4 versus 0 or 1 (95% CI: 1.2, 1.7). Conditional 1- or 5-year survival rate did not vary based on prior OS. However, CS rates among women alive without disease progression increased with time: 1-year and 5-year survival rates (with 95% CI) were 86% (84-87) and 28% (26-31), respectively, in women alive without progression at 6 months, but increased to 94% (89-97) and 53% (44-62) in women alive without progression at 3 years. Conclusions: Long-term prognosis, as shown by conditional survival rates, did not improve based on time alive since initiation of chemotherapy. However, women with longer time without disease progression had lower rates of death and a better prognosis. [Table: see text]
Epidemiology, pathophysiology and contemporary management of cardiogenic shock – a position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Ovidiu Chioncel, John Parissis, Alexandre Mebazaa, Holger Thiele, Steffen Desch, Johann Bauersachs, Veli‐Pekka Harjola, Elena‐Laura Antohi, Mattia Arrigo, Tuvia Ben Gal, Jelena Celutkiene, Sean P. Collins, Daniel DeBacker, Vlad A. Iliescu, Ewa Jankowska, Tiny Jaarsma, Kalliopi Keramida, Mitja Lainscak, Lars H Lund, Alexander R. Lyon, Josep Masip, Marco Metra, Oscar Miro, Andrea Mortara, Christian Mueller, Wilfried Mullens, Maria Nikolaou, Massimo Piepoli, Susana Price, Giuseppe Rosano, Antoine Vieillard‐Baron, Jean M. Weinstein, Stefan D. Anker, Gerasimos Filippatos, Frank Ruschitzka, Andrew J.S. Coats, Petar Seferovic
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2020)
A phase I study to evaluate the T-cell engager AMV564 alone and in combination with pembrolizumab in subjects with advanced solid tumors.
Authors: Alexander Starodub, Sarina Anne Piha-Paul, Raghad Karim, Curtis Ruegg, Victoria Smith, Patrick Youngwhan Chun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

3101 Background: Overcoming the immune-suppressive tumor environment induced by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) is a major challenge in immune therapy. CD33 signaling in immature myeloid cells promotes expansion of MDSC and production of immune-suppressive factors. AMV564 is a bivalent, bispecific T-cell engager that binds CD3 and CD33. Preferential binding of AMV564 to areas of high CD33 density enables selective targeting of MDSC. Ex vivo data (Cheng 2017; Blood;130:51) and an ongoing clinical trial in acute myeloid leukemia (NCT03144245) demonstrate the ability of AMV564 to deplete MDSC while sparing monocytes and neutrophils. Methods: In this 3+3 dose escalation study, patients with advanced solid tumors receive AMV564 once daily via subcutaneous (SC) injection for 2 out of 3 wks per cycle, alone or in combination with pembrolizumab (200 mg every 3 wks). Key objectives are to evaluate AMV564 safety, identify a maximum tolerated or recommended phase 2 dose, and evaluate PK, immunophenotype of myeloid and T cell compartments, and preliminary efficacy. Results: Eleven patients have been enrolled: 8 monotherapy (3 at 15 mcg/d, 5 at 50 mcg/d) and 3 combination (5 mcg/d). Tumor types include ovarian (n = 2), small bowel, gastroesophageal junction, endometrial, rectal, penile, urothelial, squamous cell carcinoma (skin), appendiceal, and non-small cell lung. AMV564 was associated with grade (G) 1-2 injection site reactions and G1-2 fevers, which were manageable with acetaminophen and diphenhydramine, as well as G2 weight gain and G3 anemia. No dose-liming toxicity has been observed in any cohort. Three monotherapy patients (15 mcg/d) were evaluable for efficacy with ≥1 on-treatment scan; 2 had SD and 1 PD per RECIST 1.1 criteria. T cell activation, as shown by redistribution from the periphery (margination), was apparent in the first week of dosing for most patients. Compensatory myelopoiesis led to initial expansion of MDSC which were then depleted by AMV564. Increased cytotoxic T cell activation and T-helper (Th) 1 response was evidenced by increased T-bet positive CD4 and CD8 cells and controlled or decreased regulatory T cells. In some patients, effector memory CD8 cell populations (Tem and Temra) were expanded. Conclusions: AMV564 is safe and tolerable when administered SC at doses of 15 mcg/d alone and 5 mcg/d in combination with pembrolizumab. AMV564 depleted MDSC populations and altered T cell profiles consistent with activation of cytotoxic T cells and a Th1 response. Clinical trial information: NCT04128423 .
太原钢铁公司社区居民五种慢性病患病情况调查
Authors: 刘晋梅, 孙建娅, 伊兵, 李翠萍
Journal: BMJ (2011)

为了掌握太原钢铁(集团)有限公司(太钢)社区慢性病患者的信息,便于开展社区慢性病的预防和控制工作,太钢医院和社区医务人员于2009年5-10月为太钢6个社区的居民建立了健康档案,本研究对高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中、冠心病和恶性肿瘤等5种慢性病(简称慢五病)患者健康档案进行统计分析。
孕期前后的口腔健康
Authors: 欧阳翔英, 荣文笙
Journal: BMJ (2011)

龋病和牙周疾病是人类口腔疾病中常见的两大疾病,发病率高,多数育龄期妇女罹患.在我国人们对牙周疾病的认识程度不够,许多人并不知道自己患有牙周疾病,很多人甚至包括一些医生,都误以为牙周疾病无法治疗,致使多数患者不能得到相应的治疗.而且,在我国还存在许多孕期和分娩后有关口腔卫生和口腔健康的错误观念和陋习,很多妇女在孕期及分娩后的一段时间不刷牙,龋病和牙周疾病加速进展,带来不良后果,甚至可能影响后代健康.作为医生,我们应当了解牙周疾病与妊娠不良后果的关系,认识妊娠期间容易出现的口腔疾病,从而给准备妊娠和妊娠期的妇女最科学合理的指导,使口腔疾病能够得到预防和治疗。
Secondary prevention for ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack
Authors: Minglei Zhao
Journal: BMJ (2016)

缺血性脑卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)是我国最常见的脑血管病类型。有效的二级预防是减少缺血性脑卒中和TIA患者死亡率、复发率和致残率的重要手段。本文对缺血性脑卒中和TIA患者二级预防中血压、血脂、血糖、吸烟和生活方式的管理以及抗血小板药物的使用做一介绍。
Clinical value of serum glypican 3 in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Haijun Du, Yanyang Si, Wenjie Lou, Maofeng Wang, Xiaowei Jiang
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Five groups were assigned to include intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC, n=30), liver cirrhosis (LC, n=30), metastatic carcinoma (MCA, n=30) and 30 healthy subjects.The serum level of GPC3 was measured by a sandwich method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) by microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA). The serum levels of GPC3 and AFP were significantly higher than those of other groups (P<0.05). At a cut-off value of 3.5 μg/L, the sensitivity and specificity of GPC3 in the diagnosis of HCC was 83.3% and 76.7% respectively.The sensitivity of combined measurement of GPC3 and AFP was better than GPC3 or AFP alone.Detectable GPC3 was significantly correlated with the presence of viral hepatitis markers and tumor size.However there was no obvious difference in tumor thrombi in portal vein (PVTT), tumor number, age, gender or hepatic function of HCC.Thus, as a sensitive serum diagnostic marker for HCC, GPC3 may be a good supplement to AFP in differentiating HCC from non-malignant chronic liver diseases and other liver cancers.


Key words: 
Glypiean-3; Hepatocellular carcinoma
In vitro susceptibility of vaginal Candida isolated from pregnant women to clotrimazole, miconazole and nystatin
Authors: 祁文瑾, 石一复, 许妙玲
Journal: BMJ (2007)

目的 研究妊娠期妇女阴道念珠菌对克霉唑、咪康唑、制霉菌素的敏感性,为妊娠期念珠菌性外阴阴道炎(VVC)的治疗提供理论依据.方法 选取来自628人次妊娠期妇女的阴道念珠菌,参考美国国家临床实验标准化委员会的抗真菌药物敏感实验标准,以微量平板法检测不同菌株对克霉唑、咪康唑和制霉菌素的药物敏感性.结果 妊娠期VVC发生率为19.3%,感染的念珠菌存在明显的菌种多样性,白色念珠菌最为多见.对于白色念珠菌,咪康唑的24 h最小抑菌浓度(MIC)明显低于制霉菌素(P＜0.01);不同孕期3种药物的48 h MIC差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);对于非白色念珠菌,咪康唑的24、48 h MIC明显低于制霉菌素和克霉唑(P＜0.01),晚孕期克霉唑和制霉菌素的24、48 h MIC与早孕期和(或)中孕期差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 妊娠期阴道白色念珠菌对抗念珠菌药物相对敏感,不同孕期治疗原则大体一致.妊娠期非白色念珠菌性阴道炎的治疗相对困难,普通克霉唑制剂不宜使用,早、中孕期治疗可选制霉菌素制剂,晚孕期可选咪康唑制剂。