tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PB2373 LIVER DISEASE DURING AND AFTER AUTOLOGOUS HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN EGYPT (SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE)
Authors: I. Abdel Moaty
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Please indicate where the abstract has been published before: egyptian socitey of hepatology and gastroenterology journal Background: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has a rapid increase over the last decade. It is an established therapy for many hematological disorders. HSCT had many possible serious complications. One of those complications is hepatic dysfunction. Hepatic complication in autologous HSCT survivors could be early complications include drug toxicity, infections and long‐term liver complications from chronic viral hepatitis, iron overload or original disease relapse. Aims: is to determine the prevalence, etiology of liver disease in Egyptian population who had HSCT Methods: this study is cross‐sectional study in December 2016 including 88 patients who had autologus transplantation in Ain Shams University Hospitals Results: In autologus patients the first cause of hepatotoxicity is conditioning regimen involving 27% of the patients. Second cause is flare of viral hepatitis affecting 8% of the patients. In third place is sepsis that leads to elevated liver function which occurred in 6% of our patients, these figures were also dramatically changed after D + 100 and lower hepatotoxicity percentage occurs as 11% of the patients had liver injury caused by drugs and only 1% patients had viral hepatitis reactivation. image Summary/Conclusion: Drug hepatotoxicity is main cause of liver injury in BMT unit in Ain Shams University in Egyptian population.
Abstract 13640: Development and Validation of a Novel Method to Derive Central Aortic Systolic Pressure From the MRI Aortic Distension Curve
Authors: Michael A Quail, Jennifer A Steeden, Andrew M Taylor, Vivek Muthurangu
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: CMR is already used to assess cardiac sequelae of systemic arterial hypertension (LV hypertrophy, systolic & diastolic dysfunction). However, this data is limited without a measure of c...
Abstract P250: How to Successfully Manage Adolescents’ Metabolic Syndrome. Keep it Simple!
Authors: Julie St-Pierre, Charles B Thibault, Johanne Harvey, Helene Fortin, JoAnnie Lapointe, Dominique Desrosiers, Daniel Gaudet, Patricia Blackburn, Diane Brisson
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: The metabolic syndrome prevalence in adolescents is still rising (with up to 8% in some populations); this increase is mainly attributable to the obesity epidemic. Consequently, the long-term cardiovascular risk of these adolescents is very high. Unfortunately, despite this elevated risk, motivation and adherence to weight reduction programs still remain very low. Hypothesis: To verify if the combination of motivational interviewing, nutritional and physical education, and a close follow-up in a multidisciplinary, family-based weight-reduction pediatric clinic is effective to initiate and sustain beneficial lifestyle changes at 6 months. Subjects and Method: Fifty (50) families with adolescents (10-17 years old) characterized by obesity and metabolic syndrome were recruited with their families. The cardiometabolic risk profile (including body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, insulin, lipids and apolipoprotein B levels) of every subject was evaluated and explained to the adolescent and his/her parents. With motivational interviewing techniques and educative approaches, adolescents were brought to set up, at the first visit, a one month, one health challenge change. In subsequent visits, anthropometric measurements were recorded and, based on their first month’s success, new healthy challenges were proposed by the adolescent. Results: Adolescents participating in this program were initially highly motivated to initiate a one month healthy challenge with an average score of 7/10. Eighty percent of them chose to stop drinking juice or soda beverages as their first challenge. At one month, over 80% of them observe a weight reduction or no weight gain. At this point, the adolescents’ perception of success is the main source of motivation to introduce new health challenges in their life. At 3 and 6 months, healthy habits are still present in over 70% of them. Interestingly, these changes are accompanied by modifications in anthropometric covariables. At 6 months, we observe a significant reduction of body mass index (p=0.027) and waist circumference (p=0.047) in addition to a trend towards a reduction of mean weight (p=0.054). Conclusion: With counselling based on education, motivational techniques and a family approach, a high proportion of adolescents have initiated and maintained healthy changes. At 6 months, waist circumference reduction was the strongest change. This combined familial approach appears promising to reduce metabolic syndrome prevalence in adolescents. The prospective data collection is still ongoing, with the first adolescents recruited now reaching the one-year follow-up.
THU0590 COMPARISON OF FMF PATIENTS WITH AGE OF ONSET BEFORE 20 VERSUS 40 YEARS AND OVER
Authors: Okan Aydin, Serdal Ugurlu, Huri Ozdogan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Background:</h3> Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a disease with an onset before 20 years of age in 90% of the patients. However late onset FMF defined as age of onset over 40 years is being recognised more frequently. <h3>Objectives:</h3> To better define patients with FMF who had their first attack before age 40 and compare them with early onset patient group in Turkish population <h3>Methods:</h3> The files of 2180 FMF patients followed in a single center between 2008-2017 who have fulfilled Tel-Hashomer criteria, were reviewed with regard to age of onset 40 years and over (index patients, Group 1). For control purposes files before and after the index patients were browsed and first patients with an onset before age 20 years (Group 2) were included. The demographic, clinical and genetic characteristics are compared between these 2 subgroups. <h3>Results:</h3> Patients with an onset after 40 years consisted 2.7% of our FMF population. 50 of the 59 patients with an onset 40 years or over were re-evaluated and compared with early onset group consisting of 100 patients (Table 1). The delay in diagnosis, and disease duration were significantly longer and number of patients with M694V homozygosity and M694V allele frequency were significantly more frequent among group 2. In general, phenotypes of both onset groups were similar, the only significant differences being the frequency of fever and myositis which were less common among group 1. Also response to colchicine was more pronounced in group 1. One other interesting observation was the low incidence of amyloidosis in a group with such a significant delay in diagnosis and thus treatment. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> FMF should be included among the differential diagnosis of patients over 40 years of age with recurrent autoinflammatory manifestations. Less than 3% of FMF patients experience their first attacks after 40 years of age. The frequency of M694V is significantly less in the late onset group, pointing out a milder disease. <h3>Disclosure of Interests:</h3> None declared
Rate of Memory Change Before and After Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Monica Ospina-Romero, Ekland Abdiwahab, Lindsay Kobayashi, Teresa Filshtein, Willa D. Brenowitz, Elizabeth R. Mayeda, M. Maria Glymour
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> Patients with a history of cancer, even nonfatal cancers, have lower subsequent Alzheimer disease incidence. An inverse biological link between carcinogenesis and neurodegeneration has been hypothesized, although survival and detection biases are possible explanations. <h3>Objective</h3> To compare long-term memory trajectories before and after incident cancer with memory trajectories of similarly aged individuals not diagnosed with cancer. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This population-based cohort study included 14 583 US adults born before 1949 with no cancer history from the Health and Retirement Study. Biennial assessments were performed for up to 16 years from 1998 to 2014. Data analysis was performed from January 8 to October 5, 2018. <h3>Exposures</h3> Self-reported physician diagnosis of any cancer (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) during follow-up. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> A composite memory score standardized to a mean (SD) of 0 (1) at baseline was based on immediate and delayed word-list recall and proxy assessments. The rate of memory change among people diagnosed with cancer during follow-up before and after diagnosis was compared with rate of memory change in individuals who remained cancer free during follow-up using linear mixed-effect models with random intercepts and slopes. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 14 583 participants were included in the sample (mean [SD] age, 66.4 [10.4] years; 8453 [58.0%] female). The mean (SD) follow-up was 11.5 (5.1) years; 2250 had a cancer diagnosis during follow-up, and 12 333 had no cancer diagnosis during follow-up. The rate of memory decline in the decade before a cancer diagnosis was 10.5% (95% CI, 6.2%-14.9%), which was slower than memory decline in similarly aged cancer-free individuals. For individuals diagnosed at 75 years of age, mean memory function immediately before diagnosis was 0.096 SD units (95% CI, 0.060-0.133 SD units) higher compared with that among similarly aged cancer-free individuals. A new cancer diagnosis was associated with a short-term decline in memory of −0.058 (95% CI, −0.084 to −0.032) SD units compared with memory before diagnosis. After diagnosis, the rate of memory decline was 3.9% (95% CI, 0.9%-6.9%) slower in individuals with cancer than in those without a cancer diagnosis. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this study, older individuals who developed cancer had better memory and slower memory decline than did similarly aged individuals who remained cancer free. These findings support the possibility of a common pathologic process working in opposite directions in cancer and Alzheimer disease.
Smoking cessation: state owned tobacco companies in China and Japan are at odds with their countries’ commitments
Authors: Flynn Murphy, Gabriel Crossley
Journal: BMJ (2019)

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Neoadjuvant or Adjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Concurrent CRT Versus Concurrent CRT Alone in the Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Study Based on EBV DNA
Authors: Li-Ting Liu, Qiu-Yan Chen, Lin-Quan Tang, Shan-Shan Guo, Ling Guo, Hao-Yuan Mo, Yang Li, Qing-Nan Tang, Xue-Song Sun, Yu-Jing Liang, Chong Zhao, Xiang Guo, Chao-Nan Qian, Mu-Sheng Zeng, Jin-Xin Bei, Ming-Huang Hong, Jian-Yong Shao, Ying Sun, Jun Ma, Hai-Qiang Mai
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

Background: The goal of this study was to explore the value of adding neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) or adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) to concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with different risks of treatment failure. Patients and Methods: A total of 2,263 eligible patients with stage III–IVb NPC treated with CCRT ± NACT or ACT were included in this retrospective study. Distant metastasis–free survival (DMFS), overall survival, and progression-free survival were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and differences were compared using the log-rank test. Results: Patients in the low-risk group (stage N0–1 disease and Epstein-Barr virus [EBV] DNA &lt;4,000 copies/mL) who received NACT followed by CCRT achieved significantly better 5-year DMFS than those treated with CCRT alone (96.2% vs 91.3%; P = .008). Multivariate analyses also demonstrated that additional NACT was the only independent prognostic factor for DMFS (hazard ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.22–0.80; P =.009). In both the intermediate-risk group (stage N0–1 disease and EBV DNA ≥4,000 copies/mL and stage N2–3 disease and EBV DNA &lt;4,000 copies/mL) and the high-risk group (stage N2–3 disease and EBV DNA ≥4,000 copies/mL), comparison of NACT or ACT + CCRT versus CCRT alone indicated no significantly better survival for all end points. Conclusions: The addition of NACT to CCRT could reduce distant failure in patients with low risk of treatment failure.
Hepatitis C virus—biology, host evasion strategies, and promising new therapies on the horizon
Authors: Sohail A. Qureshi
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2006)

Abstract Hepatitis C reduces the quality of life for some 170 million people around the globe and is one of the most prevalent diseases on the planet. It is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that is replicated by an error‐prone polymerase and therefore undergoes rapid evolution. To date, although much has been learned about the biology of HCV, only a partially effective combination therapy comprised of ribavirin and pegylated‐interferon‐α is available to hepatitis C sufferers. Given the prevalence of hepatitis C, together with the fact that almost half the chronically infected HCV patients are refractory to current therapy, there is an urgent need for an efficacious immunoprophylactic that protects individuals from HCV infection, as well as drugs that impede the viral life cycle effectively and eradicate infection. Herein, I provide an overview of the molecular biology of HCV, highlighting the functions of different virally encoded proteins in terms of how they alter signaling pathways of host cell to establish an infection and discuss whether a more promising therapy for treating hepatitis C is anywhere in sight. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 27, No. 3, 353–373, 2007
Burden of dengue infection in India, 2017: a cross-sectional population based serosurvey
Authors: Manoj V Murhekar, P Kamaraj, Muthusamy Santhosh Kumar, Siraj Ahmed Khan, Ramesh Reddy Allam, Pradip Barde, Bhagirathi Dwibedi, Suman Kanungo, Uday Mohan, Suman Sundar Mohanty, Subarna Roy, Vivek Sagar, Deepali Savargaonkar, Babasaheb V Tandale, Roshan Kamal Topno, Gajanan Sapkal, C P Girish Kumar, R Sabarinathan, Velusamy Saravana Kumar, Sailaja Bitragunta, Gagandeep Singh Grover, P V M Lakshmi, Chandra Mauli Mishra, Provash Sadhukhan, Prakash Kumar Sahoo, S K Singh, Chander Prakash Yadav, Asha Bhagat, Rashi Srivastava, E Ramya Dinesh, T Karunakaran, C Govindhasamy, T Daniel Rajasekar, A Jeyakumar, A Suresh, D Augustine, P Ashok Kumar, Rajesh Kumar, Shanta Dutta, G S Toteja, Nivedita Gupta, Sanjay M Mehendale
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2019)
Subpopulations Are Vulnerable to Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
Authors: M.J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2019)

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Erratum. A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Efficacy and Safety of Insulin Glargine 300 Units/mL Versus 100 Units/mL in Older People With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the SENIOR Study. Diabetes Care 2018;41:1672–1680
Authors: Robert Ritzel, Stewart B. Harris, Helen Baron, Hermes Florez, Ronan Roussel, Melanie Espinasse, Isabel Muehlen-Bartmer, Nianxian Zhang, Monica Bertolini, Claire Brulle-Wohlhueter, Medha Munshi, Geremia B. Bolli
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

In the article cited above, the ClinicalTrials.gov registration number was incorrect in the …
Neuronal FcγRI mediates acute and chronic joint pain
Authors: Li Wang, Xiaohua Jiang, Qin Zheng, Sang-Min Jeon, Tiane Chen, Yan Liu, Heather Kulaga, Randall Reed, Xinzhong Dong, Michael J. Caterina, Lintao Qu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2019)

Although joint pain in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is conventionally thought to result from inflammation, arthritis pain and joint inflammation are at least partially uncoupled. This suggests that additional pain mechanisms in RA remain to be explored. Here we show that FcγRI, an immune receptor for IgG immune complex (IgG-IC), is expressed in a subpopulation of joint sensory neurons and that, under naive conditions, FcγRI cross-linking by IgG-IC directly activates the somata and peripheral terminals of these neurons to evoke acute joint hypernociception without obvious concurrent joint inflammation. These effects were diminished in both global and sensory neuron–specific Fcgr1-knockout mice. In murine models of inflammatory arthritis, FcγRI signaling was upregulated in joint sensory neurons. Acute blockade or global genetic deletion of Fcgr1 significantly attenuated arthritis pain and hyperactivity of joint sensory neurons without measurably altering joint inflammation. Conditional deletion of Fcgr1 in sensory neurons produced similar analgesic effects in these models. We therefore suggest that FcγRI expressed in sensory neurons contributes to arthritis pain independently of its functions in inflammatory cells. These findings expand our understanding of the immunosensory capabilities of sensory neurons and imply that neuronal FcγRI merits consideration as a target for treating RA pain.
PF809 ARE NATIONAL GUIDELINES AND MANDATORY TRAINING ENOUGH TO ENSURE SAFE TRANSFUSION PRACTICE?
Authors: S. Lovato, E. Morganti, H. Gourgui‐Naguib, D. Sasidharan, C. Patel, R. Patel
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Background: Errors in administering blood product represent a risk for patient safety. The British Society of Haematology (BSH) published guidelines to promote safe transfusion practice (1). These guidelines states that should be recorded: the unique component donation number and the date, start time and the identification of the person administering the component.The guideline also sets the standard for monitoring the patient during the transfusion with pulse, temperature, respiratory rate and blood pressure at the start of the transfusion, after 15 minutes of the start and within one hour from the end. Transfusion training is mandatory for all health professionals involved in transfusion practice. Aims: The aim of this study was to establish if the guidelines established by BSH are applied in clinical practice across different departments. Methods: We performed a retrospective audit on transfusion documentation and patient monitoring and in a district general hospital. We included transfusion of red packed cells, platelets and fresh frozen plasma. Results: We identified 160 unit transfused (132 RPC, 16 PLTS and 12 FFP). Documentation of donation number and the date, start time and the identification of the person administering the component were complete in 88% of the cases, in 8% of the cases there was no documentation at all (Figure 1A); of the remaining in 80% of the cases was missing the signature of the administering person. Regarding the monitoring of the patient only 25% of the unit transfusions were monitored according to the guidelines, in 33% of the cases there was no documentation of the patient monitoring. The least monitored parameter was respiratory rate; the most frequent missed monitoring point was the one at the end of the transfusion (Figure 1B). Summary/Conclusion: Despite clear guidelines and compulsory training transfusion practice is still poor with more than a tenth of the transfusion being not fully documented in the notes and the number of transfusion episodes lacking adequate patient monitoring information outnumbering the transfusion monitored according to the guidelines (33% vs 25%). image Performing an audit across the entire hospital allowed us to identify the departments where transfusion procedures were not applied systematically with the plan to offer target training and re‐audit to improve transfusion practice.