tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Trends in mediastinal nodal staging and its impact on unforeseen N2 and survival in lung cancer
Authors: Jelle E. Bousema, Mieke J. Aarts, Marcel G.W. Dijkgraaf, Jouke T. Annema, Frank J.C. van den Broek
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Introduction Guidelines for invasive mediastinal nodal staging in resectable nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have changed over the years. The aims of this study were to describe trends in invasive staging and unforeseen N2 (uN2) and to assess a potential effect on overall survival. Methods A nationwide Dutch cohort study included all clinical stage IA–IIIB NSCLC patients primarily treated by surgical resection between 2005 and 2017 (n=22 555). We assessed trends in invasive nodal staging (mediastinoscopy 2005–2017; endosonography 2011–2017), uN2 and overall survival and compared outcomes in the entire group and in clinical nodal stage (cN)1–3 patients with or without invasive staging. Results An overall increase in invasive nodal staging from 26% in 2005 to 40% in 2017 was found (p&lt;0.01). Endosonography increased from 19% in 2011 to 32% in 2017 (p&lt;0.01), while mediastinoscopy decreased from 24% in 2011 to 21% in 2017 (p=0.08). Despite these changes, uN2 was stable over the years at 8.7%. 5-year overall survival rate was 41% for pN1 compared to 37% in single node uN2 (p=0.18) and 26% with more than one node uN2 (p&lt;0.01). 5-year overall survival rate of patients with cN1–3 with invasive staging was 44% versus 39% in patients without invasive staging (p=0.12). Conclusion A significant increase in invasive mediastinal nodal staging in patients with resectable NSCLC was found between 2011 and 2017 in the Netherlands. Increasing use of less invasive endosonography prior to (or as a substitute for) surgical staging did not lead to more cases of uN2. Performance of invasive staging indicated a possible overall survival benefit in patients with cN1–3 disease.
Accuracy of serological testing for SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies: First results of a large mixed‐method evaluation study
Authors: Daniel Brigger, Michael P. Horn, Luke F. Pennington, Abigail E. Powell, Denise Siegrist, Benjamin Weber, Olivier Engler, Vanja Piezzi, Lauro Damonti, Patricia Iseli, Christoph Hauser, Tanja K. Froehlich, Peter M. Villiger, Martin F. Bachmann, Stephen L. Leib, Pascal Bittel, Martin Fiedler, Carlo R. Largiadèr, Jonas Marschall, Hanspeter Stalder, Peter S. Kim, Theodore S. Jardetzky, Alexander Eggel, Michael Nagler
Journal: Allergy (2020)

Serological immunoassays that can identify protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 are needed to adapt quarantine measures, assess vaccination responses, and evaluate donor plasma. To date, however, the utility of such immunoassays remains unclear. In a mixed-design evaluation study, we compared the diagnostic accuracy of serological immunoassays that are based on various SARS-CoV-2 proteins and assessed the neutralizing activity of antibodies in patient sera.
Estimating Psychiatric Outcomes in First Responders
Authors: Conor Liston
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Masanori Nagamine, MD, PhD; Erik J. Giltay, MD, PhD; Jun Shigemura, MD, PhD; Nic J. van der Wee, MD, PhD; Taisuke Yamamoto, MD, PhD; Yoshitomo Takahashi, MD, PhD; Taku Saito, MD; Masaaki Tanichi, MD, PhD; Minori Koga, PhD; Hiroyuki Toda, MD, PhD; Kunio Shimizu, MD, PhD; Aihide Yoshino, MD, PhD; Eric Vermetten, MD, PhD
Prognostic value of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Martin Nicol, Antoine Deney, Olivier Lairez, Giuseppe Vergaro, Michele Emdin, Alessandro Carecci, Jocelyn Inamo, Astrid Montfort, Remi Neviere, Thibaud Damy, Stephanie Harel, Bruno Royer, Mathilde Baudet, Alain Cohen‐Solal, Bertrand Arnulf, Damien Logeart
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2020)
Health-care spending attributable to modifiable risk factors in the USA: an economic attribution analysis
Authors: Howard J Bolnick, Anthony L Bui, Anne Bulchis, Carina Chen, Abigail Chapin, Liya Lomsadze, Ali H Mokdad, Francois Millard, Joseph L Dieleman
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2020)

There is a robust understanding of how specific behavioural, metabolic, and environmental risk factors increase the risk of health burden. However, there is less understanding of how these risks individually and jointly affect health-care spending. The objective of this study was to quantify health-care spending attributable to modifiable risk factors in the USA for 2016.We extracted estimates of US health-care spending by condition, age, and sex from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation's Disease Expenditure Study 2016 and merged these estimates with population attributable fraction estimates for 84 modifiable risk factors from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 to produce estimates of spending by condition attributable to these risk factors. Because not all spending can be linked to health burden, we adjusted attributable spending estimates downwards, proportional to the association between health burden and health-care spending across time and age for each aggregate health condition. We propagated underlying uncertainty from the original data sources by randomly pairing the draws from the two studies and completing our analysis 1000 times independently.In 2016, US health-care spending attributable to modifiable risk factors was US$730·4 billion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 694·6-768·5), corresponding to 27·0% (95% UI 25·7-28·4) of total health-care spending. Attributable spending was largely due to five risk factors: high body-mass index ($238·5 billion, 178·2-291·6), high systolic blood pressure ($179·9 billion, 164·5-196·0), high fasting plasma glucose ($171·9 billion, 154·8-191·9), dietary risks ($143·6 billion, 130·3-156·1), and tobacco smoke ($130·0 billion, 116·8-143·5). Spending attributable to risk factor varied by age and sex, with the fraction of attributable spending largest for those aged 65 years and older (45·5%, 44·2-46·8).This study shows high spending on health care attributable to modifiable risk factors and highlights the need for preventing and controlling risk exposure. These attributable spending estimates can contribute to informed development and implementation of programmes to reduce risk exposure, their health burden, and health-care cost.Vitality Institute.
PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS - PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF SYMPTOM STATUS, SERUM BILIRUBIN, PROCOLLAGEN III PEPTIDE, AND HLA PHENOTYPE
Authors: J A Snook, A Rudenski, R Herrmann, Kay Jds., J Dooley, N Mcintyre, D P Jewell, Chapman Rwg.
Journal: Gut (1989)
Effect of topical swallowed steroids on the bacterial and fungal esophageal microbiota in eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: Alain J. Benitez, Ceylan Tanes, Lisa Mattei, Casey E. Hofstaedter, Dorothy K. Kim, Jonathan Gross, Melanie A. Ruffner, Lindsey Albenberg, Jonathan Spergel, Kyle Bittinger, Amanda B. Muir
Journal: Allergy (2020)
DNA Methylation Profiling of Premalignant Lesions as a Path to Ovarian Cancer Early Detection
Authors: Charles A. Ishak, Daniel D. De Carvalho
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STIC) resemble methylation profiles of high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC) more closely than normal fallopian tube epithelium. While STICs and HGSOCs share subsets of common hypermethylated regions, DNA methylation can distinguish STICs from HGSOCs to provide proof-of-principle that DNA methylation can identify HGSOC initiation.See related article by Pisanic et al., p. 6310.
Children’s Health Is Too Often Ignored in Elections—Here Is Evidence to Help Change That
Authors: Alison A. Galbraith, Aaron E. Carroll
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Brexit: Drug industry pleads for “bare minimum” deal
Authors: Adrian O’Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Time is running out to secure a post-Brexit trade deal or a “bare minimum” agreement on drugs so as to avoid significant delays to supplies to the UK, MPs have been warned.

Experts from the drug, chemical, and aerospace industries have underlined the potential problems ahead after the end of the Brexit transition period in December if no trade deals are secured between the UK and the EU before then. Representatives of these industries appeared before the House of Commons Committee on the Future Relationship with the European Union during an evidence session for its inquiry held on 30 September .

Richard Torbett, chief executive of the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry (ABPI), told the committee’s MPs: “We need the bare minimum in order …
Response to: ‘High risk of systemic lupus erythematosus development in patients with ITP: antiphospholipid syndrome is also a concern?’ by Inanc<i>et al</i>
Authors: James Cheng-Chung Wei, Fang Xiao Zhu, Jing-Yang Huang
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Response to: 'High risk of systemic lupus erythematosus development in patients with ITP: antiphospholipid syndrome is also a concern?' by Inanc et alWe thank Inanc et al 1 for their comments on our article entitled 'Risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP): a population-based cohort study'.In our article, we concluded that ITP is strongly associated with incidental SLE. 2 We agree with Inanc et al 1 that antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an important effect modifier in ITP and SLE.We also acknowledge that Inanc et al 1 addressed the difference of APS (2.77% in the ITP group vs 0.02% in the non-ITP controls) in table 1 of our article. 2Actually, ITP, APS and SLE sometimes overlapped in clinical practice.As in table 1, there are more baseline comorbidities in the ITP group, including thrombotic event, cardiovascular disease and ITP.Hence, we did propensity score to match these differences rather than exclude these comorbidities in patient selection as in figure 1.The reason for this is that once you exclude these effect modifiers, then you cannot study their effects.Thus, we prefer matching and stratified analysis on important effect modifiers, rather than exclusion. 3s Inanc et al 1 mentioned, many claim-based or patientreported databases have concerns of validity and uncertainty.Unfortunately, the National Taiwan Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) did not provide laboratory data, such as antinuclear antibody (ANA) and APS profiles.Although this is a limitation, the NHIRD had been validated and appreciated in many high impact publications. 4 5 In our study, we had tried to minimise this information bias by adding sensitivity tests and also stratifies analysis on important confounders, such as thrombosis cardiovascular disease and some infections and life stylerelated diseases to reduce the bias from comorbidities, including APS.These had been discussed in-depth in Discussion section of our article.We agree that APS clinical features and laboratory profiles and ANA are important baseline evaluation for every patient with ITP.It is also indeed our study purpose and conclusion.Furthermore, even though baseline ANA and aPL were negative, we suggest that patients with ITP should still be monitored yearly for clinical and serological lupus or APS.We hope this clinical application will improve the quality of our daily practice.
Absence of Survival and Motor Deficits in 500 Repeat C9ORF72 BAC Mice
Authors: Daniel A. Mordes, Brett M. Morrison, Xanthe H. Ament, Christopher Cantrell, Joanie Mok, Pierce Eggan, Carolyn Xue, Jin-Yuan Wang, Kevin Eggan, Jeffrey D. Rothstein
Journal: Neuron (2020)
Atezolizumab for First-Line Treatment of PD-L1–Selected Patients with NSCLC
Authors: Roy S. Herbst, Giuseppe Giaccone, Filippo de Marinis, Niels Reinmuth, Alain Vergnenegre, Carlos H. Barrios, Masahiro Morise, Enriqueta Felip, Zoran Andric, Sarayut Geater, Mustafa Özgüroğlu, Wei Zou, Alan Sandler, Ida Enquist, Kimberly Komatsubara, Yu Deng, Hiroshi Kuriki, Xiaohui Wen, Mark McCleland, Simonetta Mocci, Jacek Jassem, David R. Spigel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

The efficacy and safety of the anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibody atezolizumab, as compared with those of platinum-based chemotherapy, as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with PD-L1 expression are not known.We conducted a randomized, open-label, phase 3 trial involving patients with metastatic nonsquamous or squamous NSCLC who had not previously received chemotherapy and who had PD-L1 expression on at least 1% of tumor cells or at least 1% of tumor-infiltrating immune cells as assessed by the SP142 immunohistochemical assay. Patients were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive atezolizumab or chemotherapy. Overall survival (primary end point) was tested hierarchically according to PD-L1 expression status among patients in the intention-to-treat population whose tumors were wild-type with respect to EGFR mutations or ALK translocations. Within the population with EGFR and ALK wild-type tumors, overall survival and progression-free survival were also prospectively assessed in subgroups defined according to findings on two PD-L1 assays as well as by blood-based tumor mutational burden.Overall, 572 patients were enrolled. In the subgroup of patients with EGFR and ALK wild-type tumors who had the highest expression of PD-L1 (205 patients), the median overall survival was longer by 7.1 months in the atezolizumab group than in the chemotherapy group (20.2 months vs. 13.1 months; hazard ratio for death, 0.59; P = 0.01). Among all the patients who could be evaluated for safety, adverse events occurred in 90.2% of the patients in the atezolizumab group and in 94.7% of those in the chemotherapy group; grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in 30.1% and 52.5% of the patients in the respective groups. Overall and progression-free survival favored atezolizumab in the subgroups with a high blood-based tumor mutational burden.Atezolizumab treatment resulted in significantly longer overall survival than platinum-based chemotherapy among patients with NSCLC with high PD-L1 expression, regardless of histologic type. (Funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche/Genentech; IMpower110 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02409342.).
Identifying the ‘incredible’! Part 1 and Part 2—Letter to the Editor
Authors: Kyle B Kosik, Ryan S McCann, Masafumi Terada, Phillip A Gribble
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2020)

We draw the reader’s attention to the two-part editorial by Buttner and colleagues.1 2 The authors have made a compelling argument for the need to assess the risk of bias for individual articles included in the systematic reviews. We appreciate Buttner et al 1 2 for using our systematic review as an example of why assessing risk of bias is important and the impact it may have on the findings.

Our systematic review summarised therapeutic interventions for improving region-specific patient-reported outcomes (PROs) for patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI).3 A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify articles based on our inclusion criteria. We did not limit our systematic review to randomised controlled trials (RCTs) because we sought to compile a complete list of all possible treatment options available in the literature. We felt that coalescing all available literature would give clinicians and researchers a single reference source when considering the type of intervention to implement, as well …
T Cell Receptor Is Required for Differentiation, but Not Maintenance, of Intestinal CD4+ Intraepithelial Lymphocytes
Authors: Angelina M. Bilate, Mariya London, Tiago B.R. Castro, Luka Mesin, Juliana Bortolatto, Suppawat Kongthong, Audrey Harnagel, Gabriel D. Victora, Daniel Mucida
Journal: Immunity (2020)
Survival and Outcomes After Noncompletion of Treatment for Anal Cancer
Authors: Ankit Jain, Desmond Yip, Amy Shorthouse
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Demedicalisation: radically reframing the assisted dying debate—an essay by Lucy Thomas
Authors: H Lucy Thomas
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Demedicalisation: radically reframing the assisted dying debate—an essay by Lucy Thomas Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Abstract A22: Effects of CDK4/6/MAPK targeting combinations on melanoma and the tumor immune microenvironment
Authors: Jessica L.F. Teh, Phil F. Cheng, Dan E. Erkes, Timothy J. Purwin, Conroy Field, Connor Hollingworth, Julio Aguirre-Ghiso, Mitch P. Levesque, Reinhard Dummer, Andrew E. Aplin
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Trials utilizing cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor alone or in combination with BRAF and MEK inhibitors are under way in melanoma, but their use needs to be optimized. MEK plus CDK4/6i combinations lead to tumor regressions in vivo; however, residual disease and acquired resistance frequently persisted. Previously, we showed that amplification or mutation of NRAS was associated with acquired resistance in in vivo mutant NRAS models and mutant BRAF patient samples, respectively. These mechanisms led to upregulation of mTOR-S6 pathway. Here, we observed upregulation of dormancy signature and increased NR2F1 expression in residual disease. To further identify targetable pathway alterations associated with these resistance mechanisms, we have established longitudinal cell lines from multiple metastases from a single patient on the LOGIC2 (BRAF-MEK-CDK4/6i) trial. RPPA analysis highlights differences between the lines that we are further analyzing in functional assays. There is also increasing evidence that CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) may regulate the tumor immune microenvironment. We show that MEK plus CD4/6i led to better control of tumor growth in syngeneic models compared to immune-deficient NSG mice. The response to MEK plus CDK4/6i was associated with increased infiltration of CD8 positive T cells and T-cell activation markers. Together, we aim to identify mechanisms underlying resistance/tolerance to MEK plus CDK4/6i and to determine effects on the tumor immune microenvironment to inform potential new treatment strategies. Citation Format: Jessica L.F. Teh, Phil F. Cheng, Dan E. Erkes, Timothy J. Purwin, Conroy Field, Connor Hollingworth, Julio Aguirre-Ghiso, Mitch P. Levesque, Reinhard Dummer, Andrew E. Aplin. Effects of CDK4/6/MAPK targeting combinations on melanoma and the tumor immune microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Melanoma: From Biology to Target; 2019 Jan 15-18; Houston, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(19 Suppl):Abstract nr A22.
In vitro elimination of autoreactive B cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients by universal chimeric antigen receptor T cells
Authors: Bo Zhang, Yan Wang, Yeshuang Yuan, Jiaqi Sun, Lulu Liu, Dan Huang, Jin Hu, Min Wang, Shengjie Li, Wei Song, Hua Chen, Demin Zhou, Xuan Zhang
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Objectives Autoreactive B cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and B cell-depleting therapies using an antibodies, such as rituximab, have been suggested to be effective in RA treatment. However, transient B cell depletion with rituximab is associated with significant safety challenges related to global suppression of the immune system and thus increases the risks of infection and cancer development. To address selective and persistent issues associated with RA therapy, we developed a customised therapeutic strategy employing universal antifluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells) combined with FITC-labelled antigenic peptide epitopes to eliminate autoreactive B cell subsets recognising these antigens in RA. Methods For a proof-of-concept study, four citrullinated peptide epitopes derived from citrullinated autoantigens, namely, citrullinated vimentin, citrullinated type II collagen, citrullinated fibrinogen and tenascin-C, and a cyclocitrulline peptide-1 were selected as ligands for targeting autoreactive B cells; Engineered T cells expressing a fixed anti-FITC CAR were constructed and applied as a universal CAR-T cell system to specifically eliminate these protein-specific autoreactive B cells via recognition of the aforementioned FITC-labelled autoantigenic peptide epitopes. Results We demonstrated that anti-FITC CAR-T cells could be specifically redirected and kill hybridoma cells generated by immunisation with antigenic peptides, and autoreactive B cell subsets from RA patients via recognition of corresponding FITC-labelled citrullinated peptide epitopes. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of the CAR-T cells was dependent on the presence of the peptides and occurred in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions The approach described here provides a direction for precise, customised approaches to treat RA and can likely be applied to other systemic autoimmune diseases.