tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Compassion in Medical Students
Authors: Anthony J. Scott
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice (NCI-MATCH) Trial: Lessons for Genomic Trial Design
Authors: Keith T Flaherty, Robert Gray, Alice Chen, Shuli Li, David Patton, Stanley R Hamilton, Paul M Williams, Edith P Mitchell, A John Iafrate, Jeffrey Sklar, Lyndsay N Harris, Lisa M McShane, Larry V Rubinstein, David J Sims, Mark Routbort, Brent Coffey, Tony Fu, James A Zwiebel, Richard F Little, Donna Marinucci, Robert Catalano, Rick Magnan, Warren Kibbe, Carol Weil, James V Tricoli, Brian Alexander, Shaji Kumar, Gary K Schwartz, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Chih-Jian Lih, Worta McCaskill-Stevens, Paolo Caimi, Naoko Takebe, Vivekananda Datta, Carlos L Arteaga, Jeffrey S Abrams, Robert Comis, Peter J O’Dwyer, Barbara A Conley
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2020)

Abstract Background The proportion of tumors of various histologies that may respond to drugs targeted to molecular alterations is unknown. NCI-MATCH, a collaboration between ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group and the National Cancer Institute, was initiated to find efficacy signals by matching patients with refractory malignancies to treatment targeted to potential tumor molecular drivers regardless of cancer histology. Methods Trial development required assumptions about molecular target prevalence, accrual rates, treatment eligibility, and enrollment rates as well as consideration of logistical requirements. Central tumor profiling was performed with an investigational next-generation DNA–targeted sequencing assay of alterations in 143 genes, and protein expression of protein expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog, mutL homolog 1, mutS homolog 2, and RB transcriptional corepressor 1. Treatments were allocated with a validated computational platform (MATCHBOX). A preplanned interim analysis evaluated assumptions and feasibility in this novel trial. Results At interim analysis, accrual was robust, tumor biopsies were safe (&amp;lt;1% severe events), and profiling success was 87.3%. Actionable molecular alteration frequency met expectations, but assignment and enrollment lagged due to histology exclusions and mismatch of resources to demand. To address this lag, we revised estimates of mutation frequencies, increased screening sample size, added treatments, and improved assay throughput and efficiency (93.9% completion and 14-day turnaround). Conclusions The experiences in the design and implementation of the NCI-MATCH trial suggest that profiling from fresh tumor biopsies and assigning treatment can be performed efficiently in a large national network trial. The success of such trials necessitates a broad screening approach and many treatment options easily accessible to patients.
The Difference in the Serum Levels of BDNF, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and EGF in Oncology Patients Divided According to the Presence of Symptoms of Depression
Authors: L. Holubec, O. Fiala, V.M. Matejka, J. Podlipny, J. Dreslerova, J. Vrzalova, O. Topolcan, J. Finek, T. Svoboda
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Injectable hydrogel enables local and sustained co-delivery to the brain: Two clinically approved biomolecules, cyclosporine and erythropoietin, accelerate functional recovery in rat model of stroke
Authors: Anup Tuladhar, Jaclyn M. Obermeyer, Samantha L. Payne, Ricky C.W. Siu, Sohrab Zand, Cindi M. Morshead, Molly S. Shoichet
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
P-0220 The Multiple Neoplasms Consist of Colon Cancer and Hematological Malignancy
Authors: Kazuhiko Natori, Susumu Ishihara, Daisuke Nagase, Akiko Shibuya, Yukitoshi Toyoda, Yoshinori Fujimoto, Yasunobu Kuraishi, Kazutoshi Shibuya, Haruka Izumi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Feasibility Study of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy with Cisplatin Plus 5-Fluorouracil for Clinical Stage II/III Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: H. Hara, J. Hashimoto, K. Kato, Y. Ito, H. Igaki, T. Kojima, H. Daiko, T. Akimoto, Y. Hamamoto, H. Matsushita, S. Katano, Y. Tanaka, Yoshihiro Saito
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Epithelial splicing regulatory protein 2–mediated alternative splicing reprograms hepatocytes in severe alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: Jeongeun Hyun, Zhaoli Sun, Ali Reza Ahmadi, Sushant Bangru, Ullas V. Chembazhi, Kuo Du, Tianyi Chen, Hidekazu Tsukamoto, Ivan Rusyn, Auinash Kalsotra, Anna Mae Diehl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) is a deadly liver disease without an effective medical therapy. Although SAH mortality is known to correlate with hepatic accumulation of immature liver cells, why this occurs and how it causes death are unclear. Here, we demonstrate that expression of epithelial splicing regulatory protein 2 (ESRP2), an RNA-splicing factor that maintains the nonproliferative, mature phenotype of adult hepatocytes, was suppressed in both human SAH and various mouse models of SAH in parallel with the severity of alcohol consumption and liver damage. Inflammatory cytokines released by excessive alcohol ingestion reprogrammed adult hepatocytes into proliferative, fetal-like cells by suppressing ESRP2. Sustained loss of ESRP2 permitted reemergence of a fetal RNA-splicing program that attenuates the Hippo signaling pathway and thus allows fetal transcriptional regulators to accumulate in adult liver. We further showed that depleting ESRP2 in mice exacerbated alcohol-induced steatohepatitis, enabling surviving hepatocytes to shed adult hepatocyte functions and become more regenerative, but threatening overall survival by populating the liver with functionally immature hepatocytes. Our findings revealed a mechanism that explains why liver failure develops in patients with the clinical syndrome of SAH, suggesting that recovery from SAH might be improved by limiting adult-to-fetal reprogramming in hepatocytes.
Prostate Cancer Patients Managed by a Multidisciplinary, Multiprofessional Team: Is It Really Feasible and Effective?
Authors: T. Magnani, R. Salvioni, S. Villa, L. Bellardita, N. Nicolai, G. Procopio, E. Verzoni, N. Bedini, S. Donegani, R. Valdagni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Mortality at 120 days following prostatic biopsy: Analysis of data in the PLCO study.
Authors: Mathieu Boniol, Peter Boyle, Philippe Autier, Paul Perrin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

5022 Background: With the widespread use of PSA testing for prostate cancer screening in population, more prostate biopsy are being performed and seem set to increase in number. The safety of this diagnostic procedure needs to be ascertained. Only one study evaluated the mortality following prostate biopsy (Gallina et al, Int J Cancer 2008;123:647-52) and reported an increase of 2 deaths per 1,000 biopsies. Our objective was to re-evaluate the risk of death following prostate biopsy in a large, well-conducted randomised trial – the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovary (PLCO) Study. Methods: We extracted data from the PLCO study on all men participating in the study with a follow-up until 31/12/2009. All biopsies performed since randomisation were included. Cause of death was defined by ICD9 classification. Results: Among 12,300 prostate biopsies, 36 deaths occurred within120 days: 17/8390 in the intervention arm and 19/3910 in the control group. Only 17 deaths had neoplasm listed as the underlying cause of death. Thirty-two deaths out of 9,124 (0.35%) occurred in the positive biopsy group compared to 4 out of 3,176 (0.13%) in the negative biopsy group. In this latest group, this represents 1.3 deaths per 1,000 biopsies. Deaths occurred in all age groups from 55-69 to 70-74, and there was no difference identified in age between study arms (p=0.45) nor between those with a prostate cancer diagnosis and those not (p=0.73). Conclusions: The mortality rate at 120 days following prostate biopsy of 1.3 deaths per 1,000 biopsies, in a population free of cancer, is a serious concern for the computation of benefit risk associated with PSA testing. This figure is in line with the risk reported by Gallina et al (2008) and is now based on a properly monitored population. This prostatic biopsy mortality would occur earlier than any benefit from a screening program and could reverse any potential gain from screening such as recorded in ERSPC study.
Lessons from the A2A Adenosine Receptor Antagonist–Enabled Tumor Regression and Survival in Patients with Treatment-Refractory Renal Cell Cancer
Authors: Michail V. Sitkovsky
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2020)

Abstract Summary: In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Fong and colleagues describe the encouraging observations of tumor regression, disease control, and survival of patients with otherwise refractory renal cell cancer with progressive disease after treatment with the conceptually novel oral antagonist of the A2A adenosine receptor (A2AR), ciforadenant. A2AR antagonists may represent the until now missing but critically important part of more effective immunotherapies of cancer, because they prevent the inhibition of tumor-reactive T and natural killer cells by blocking the immunosuppressive hypoxia–A2A–adenosinergic signaling, which represents an emerging immunosuppressive hallmark of tumors that are the most resistant to therapies. See related article by Fong et al., p. 40.
Efficacy of Trastuzumab Containing Retreatment after Progression on Lapatinib Therapy in Japanese Patients with HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: M. Hattori, H. Iwata, T. Fujita, M. Sawaki, N. Kondo, A. Horio, K. Muro
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Multifactorial Deep Learning Reveals Pan-Cancer Genomic Tumor Clusters with Distinct Immunogenomic Landscape and Response to Immunotherapy
Authors: Feng Xie, Jianjun Zhang, Jiayin Wang, Alexandre Reuben, Wei Xu, Xin Yi, Frederick S. Varn, Yongsheng Ye, Junwen Cheng, Miao Yu, Yue Wang, Yufeng Liu, Mingchao Xie, Peng Du, Ke Ma, Xin Ma, Penghui Zhou, Shengli Yang, Yaobing Chen, Guoping Wang, Xuefeng Xia, Zhongxing Liao, John V. Heymach, Ignacio I. Wistuba, P. Andrew Futreal, Kai Ye, Chao Cheng, Tian Xia
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Purpose: Tumor genomic features have been of particular interest because of their potential impact on the tumor immune microenvironment and response to immunotherapy. Due to the substantial heterogeneity, an integrative approach incorporating diverse molecular features is needed to characterize immunologic features underlying primary resistance to immunotherapy and for the establishment of novel predictive biomarkers. Experimental Design: We developed a pan-cancer deep machine learning model integrating tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, and somatic copy-number alterations to classify tumors of different types into different genomic clusters, and assessed the immune microenvironment in each genomic cluster and the association of each genomic cluster with response to immunotherapy. Results: Our model grouped 8,646 tumors of 29 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas into four genomic clusters. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data revealed distinct immune microenvironment in tumors of each genomic class. Furthermore, applying this model to tumors from two melanoma immunotherapy clinical cohorts demonstrated that patients with melanoma of different genomic classes achieved different benefit from immunotherapy. Interestingly, tumors in cluster 4 demonstrated a cold immune microenvironment and lack of benefit from immunotherapy despite high microsatellite instability burden. Conclusions: Our study provides a proof for principle that deep learning modeling may have the potential to discover intrinsic statistical cross-modality correlations of multifactorial input data to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying primary resistance to immunotherapy, which likely involves multiple factors from both the tumor and host at different molecular levels.
P-0077 The Importance of Protein P53 on Iodide-131 Treatment Efficacy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Ana Gomes, Ana Abrantes, Ana Brito, Mafalda Laranjo, João Casalta-Lopes, Ana Gonçalves, Ana Sarmento-Ribeiro, Maria Botelho, José Tralhão
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
US Dermatology Department Faculty Diversity Trends by Sex and Underrepresented-in-Medicine Status, 1970 to 2018
Authors: Imam M. Xierali, Marc A. Nivet, Amit G. Pandya
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Faculty diversity has important implications for improving the cultural competency and diversity of medical students and residents. However, dermatology is one of the least diverse fields in medicine. <h3>Objectives</h3> To measure faculty diversity by sex, race, and ethnicity in academic dermatology departments in US medical schools and to evaluate how this representation compares with the diversity of the US population, medical students, department chairs, and faculty in other clinical departments. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> In this cross-sectional study, data from the Association of American Medical Colleges Faculty Roster were evaluated to differentiate full-time faculty by sex and designation as a minority underrepresented in medicine (URM; currently including black, Hispanic, American Indian/Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander individuals). Trends in female and URM representation among academic dermatology departments were analyzed from 1970 to 2018. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The numbers and proportions of US dermatology department faculty by sex, race, and ethnicity. <h3>Results</h3> The number of full-time US dermatology department faculty increased from 167 in 1970 to 1464 in 2018. The number of female faculty increased from 18 (10.8%) in 1970 to 749 (51.2%) in 2018; the number of URM faculty grew from 8 (4.8%) in 1970 to 109 (7.4%) in 2018. Proportions of female and white dermatology department faculty were similar to the US population in 2018; however, like other clinical departments, the proportion of URM faculty was lower than in the general population. There was an inverse association between increasing faculty rank and the proportion of female faculty overall, but this was not the case among URM faculty. At every rank, there was a proportionately low number of URM faculty represented. Across all specialties, department chairs were least diverse, with white individuals representing 79.7% (n = 2856 of 3585) of all chairs in 2018 and women representing 19.4% (n = 694 of 3585) of all chairs. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Expansion of faculty in US dermatology departments over the past half century has led to greater female representation, now similar to that in the general population. Higher-ranking faculty is associated with lower diversity. Although dermatology department faculty diversity by sex, race, and ethnicity has partially improved over the past 49 years, continued attention to the lagging representation of URM faculty should be a priority for the field of academic dermatology.
Is chronic ankle instability associated with impaired muscle strength? Ankle, knee and hip muscle strength in individuals with chronic ankle instability: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Nafiseh Khalaj, Bill Vicenzino, Luke James Heales, Michelle D Smith
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2020)

Determine whether impairments in lower limb muscle strength exist in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) compared with uninjured controls.Systematic review with meta-analysis.A comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, Web of Science and EMBASE electronic databases from inception to 10 February 2019.Cross-sectional and case-control studies were included if they objectively measured lower limb muscle strength in individuals with CAI compared with controls. Risk of bias and quality of included studies were assessed. Data of included studies were extracted, and meta-analysis was conducted where appropriate.12 397 unique studies were identified, of which 20 were included and 16 were eligible for meta-analysis. Reviewed studies clearly described the aim/hypothesis and main outcome measure, but most lacked sample size calculation and assessor blinding. Meta-analyses showed individuals with CAI had lower eccentric and concentric evertor strength (30 and 120°/s; Nm; standardised mean difference (SMD) between -0.73 and -0.95), eccentric invertor strength (60 and 120°/s; both Nm and Nm/kg; SMD between -0.61 and -1.37), concentric invertor strength (60 and 120°/s; Nm; SMD=-0.7) and concentric knee extensor strength (SMD=-0.64) compared with control participants. Ankle eccentric dorsiflexor strength was not different between groups. Although pooling was not possible, data from three separate studies indicated that hip flexor, abductor and external rotator strength, but not hip adductor and extensor strength, was lower in individuals with CAI than in control participants.Individuals with CAI have ankle inversion and eversion strength deficits. Our data also point to differences between individuals with CAI and controls in hip and knee strength. These elements of the kinetic chain should be evaluated by clinicians who rehabilitate individuals with CAI.CRD42016037759.
Can Cannabis Cure Cancer?
Authors: Donald I. Abrams, Manuel Guzmán
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Skin Rash and Outcome in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Patients Treated with Anti-Egfr Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: F. Petrelli, K.F. Borgonovo, M. Cabiddu, M. Ghilardi, M. Cremonesi, F. Maspero, S. Barni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
P-0204 Colorectal Cancer and Microsatellite Instability: Different Features and Molecular Basis According To The Age of Onset
Authors: Edurne Álvaro, José Perea, Daniel Rueda, Yolanda Rodriguez, Alicia Canal, Cristina Alegre, Javier García, Irene Osorio, Miguel Urioste
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Effects of spironolactone on serum markers of fibrosis in people at high risk of developing heart failure: rationale, design and baseline characteristics of a proof‐of‐concept, randomised, precision‐medicine, prevention trial. The Heart OMics in AGing (HOMAGE) trial
Authors: Pierpaolo Pellicori, João Pedro Ferreira, Beatrice Mariottoni, Hans‐Peter Brunner‐La Rocca, Fozia Z. Ahmed, Job Verdonschot, Tim Collier, Joe J. Cuthbert, Johannes Petutschnigg, Blerim Mujaj, Nicolas Girerd, Arantxa González, Andrew L. Clark, Franco Cosmi, Jan A. Staessen, Stephane Heymans, Roberto Latini, Patrick Rossignol, Faiez Zannad, John G.F. Cleland
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2020)
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy in patients with hypertension, cardiovascular, renal or gastrointestinal comorbidities: joint APAGE/APLAR/APSDE/APSH/APSN/PoA recommendations
Authors: Cheuk-Chun Szeto, Kentaro Sugano, Ji-Guang Wang, Kazuma Fujimoto, Samuel Whittle, Gopesh K Modi, Chen-Huen Chen, Jeong-Bae Park, Lai-Shan Tam, Kriengsak Vareesangthip, Kelvin K F Tsoi, Francis K L Chan
Journal: Gut (2020)

Background Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most commonly prescribed medications, but they are associated with a number of serious adverse effects, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, kidney injury and GI complications. Objective To develop a set of multidisciplinary recommendations for the safe prescription of NSAIDs. Methods Randomised control trials and observational studies published before January 2018 were reviewed, with 329 papers included for the synthesis of evidence-based recommendations. Results Whenever possible, a NSAID should be avoided in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension, high risk of cardiovascular disease and severe chronic kidney disease (CKD). Before treatment with a NSAID is started, blood pressure should be measured, unrecognised CKD should be screened in high risk cases, and unexplained iron-deficiency anaemia should be investigated. For patients with high cardiovascular risk, and if NSAID treatment cannot be avoided, naproxen or celecoxib are preferred. For patients with a moderate risk of peptic ulcer disease, monotherapy with a non-selective NSAID plus a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), or a selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor should be used; for those with a high risk of peptic ulcer disease, a selective COX-2 inhibitor plus PPI are needed. For patients with pre-existing hypertension receiving renin-angiotensin system blockers, empirical addition (or increase in the dose) of an antihypertensive agent of a different class should be considered. Blood pressure and renal function should be monitored in most cases. Conclusion NSAIDs are a valuable armamentarium in clinical medicine, but appropriate recognition of high-risk cases, selection of a specific agent, choice of ulcer prophylaxis and monitoring after therapy are necessary to minimise the risk of adverse events.
Creation of a Registry to Address Knowledge Gaps in Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Pregnancy
Authors: Ademide A. Adelekun, Robert G. Micheletti, Jennifer L. Hsiao
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

To the Editor We read with interest the Editorial by Naik and Lowes1 and agree that there is an urgent need to advance knowledge in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). We wish to highlight a particularly vulnerable but overlooked population with HS: those who are pregnant or seeking to become pregnant.