tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 20143: Direct in vivo Quantification of Intraplaque Hemorrhage and Fat in Atherosclerosis by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Sandeep Koppal, Marcel Warntjes, Jeremy Swann, Petter Dyverfeldt, Johan Kihlberg, Rodrigo Moreno, Derek Magee, Nicholas Roberts, Darren Treanor, Ebo D de Muinck
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) and lipid core (LC) are hallmarks of rupture-prone atherosclerotic plaque. HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesized that IPH and LC can be quantified using R2* and fat measurements derived from four-point Dixon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: Four patients scheduled for carotid endarterectomy underwent MRI in a 3T scanner applying: (a) T1weighted: TE=9ms, TR=1053ms (b) 4-point Dixon 3D gradient echo: TE=3.6ms, R=18ms, flip angle=10°, 2 REST slabs (c) 4-D flow MRI: TE=3.1ms, TR=5.4ms, flip angle=10°. IPH and fat were quantified from Dixon using custom software (Figure: visualization of IPH, red and LC, yellow as measured from Dixon MRI). After surgery, plaques were paraffin embedded and enface images were taken every 50μm. Every 200μm sections were taken for histology. A 3D histology volume was generated from this data and registered to MRI with the vessel lumen as a landmark. Area of IPH and LC upon histology was correlated to MRI values within these areas and MRI signal within IPH and LC was compared to MRI signal outside these areas. Results: Registration of 3D histology was through combining features from T1weighted MRI, first echo from Dixon and 4D flow MRI. Throughout all plaques the correlation between R2* and area of IPH as well as fat from Dixon and area of LC upon histology was high (IPH: Pearson r 0.451, 95% CI: 0.364 t- 0.530, P&lt;0.0001; LC: Pearson r 0.148, 95% CI: 0.0635 - 0.231, P&lt;0.001). Throughout each plaque R2* within IPH was significantly higher than outside (mean difference±SEM/patient: (i) 11.96 ± 2.091 (ii) 7.616 ± 2.154 (iii) 12.66 ± 1.412 (iv) 14.13 ± 2.144; P&lt;0.001). Fat from Dixon was significantly higher inside LC than outside (mean difference±SEM/patient: (i) 1.796 ± 0.386 (ii) 3.078 ± 0.328 (iii) 6.610 ± 0.651 (iv) 0.481 ± 0.242 N=167; P&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: R2* and fat measured from Dixon MRI reliably quantifies the extent of IPH and LC in atherosclerotic plaques as validated by 3D histology.
Viral DNA Binding to NLRC3, an Inhibitory Nucleic Acid Sensor, Unleashes STING, a Cyclic Dinucleotide Receptor that Activates Type I Interferon
Authors: Xin Li, Meng Deng, Alex S. Petrucelli, Cheng Zhu, Jinyao Mo, Lu Zhang, Jason W. Tam, Pablo Ariel, Baoyu Zhao, Song Zhang, Hengming Ke, Pingwei Li, Nikolay V. Dokholyan, Joseph A. Duncan, Jenny P.-Y. Ting
Journal: Immunity (2019)
CLO19-042: Quality Assurance for Cancer Radiotherapy: An Update on the Ottawa Hospital Peer Review Experience
Authors: Shawn Malone, Eduardo Gaviolli, Julia Malone, Julie Renaud
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

Background: Peer review is an important quality assurance (QA) tool in cancer care. For radiotherapy (XRT), peer review is challenging because of the complexity of XRT targets and treatment planning and significant patient numbers. During review target and contour, volumes of adjacent normal tissues are evaluated. The XRT dose to targets/normal tissues are assessed for coverage and safety. Timing of review is important, ideally occurring prior to start of XRT or before 25% of XRT dose is delivered to allow for change (CPQR, 2015). Cancer Care Ontario (CCO) has yearly targets for review of curative/adjuvant courses: 2015, 50%; 2016, 60%; 2017, 75%; and 2018, 80%. In the past 2 years, CCO has focused on introducing peer review for complex cases of palliative XRT. The Ottawa Hospital (TOH) is one of 14 Ontario Regional Ca Centers. TOH services 1.3 million people, and 4,500 patients receive XRT per year. Methods: We reviewed peer review rates for curative and palliative XRT at TOH to assess improvements in QA over the last 4 years. We evaluated if TOH met CCO targets. Timing for peer review was assessed. We evaluated if peer review rates varied by tumour site. Rates of plan modification were recorded by year and tumor site. Reasons for plan modification were evaluated. Results: 3,694 curative/adjuvant courses were completed in 2018. Peer review increased over 4 years: 2015, 62%; 2016, 64%; 2017, 80%, 2018, 84 %. Optimal timing of peer review improved over 4 years (% completed prior to 1st XRT): 2015, 43%; 2016, 44%; 2017, 58%; 2018, 64%. For palliative QA, 21 % were peer reviewed (improvement of 14% over 2017). In 2018, peer review varied by tumor site (range: 61% to 97%); however, for most sites, rates improved over 4 years. Following peer review, a change was recommended in 8% (2% major, 6% minor). The rate did not differ over 4 years (8.2% 2015 vs 8.0% 2018). Recommended changes varied by tumor site (range, 0%–18%). Conclusions: Peer review is an important tool ensuring safe quality XRT. At TOH there has been a significant improvement in peer review over the last 4 years. TOH exceeds provincial targets for curative courses completed, and more peer review activities are being completed prior to the start of the treatment. Rates of peer review and recommended changes vary dramatically amongst tumor sites. Reasons for these variations will be explored in future research. Extension of peer review to palliative XRT has recently been implemented to further improve quality cancer care.
Holistic approach is needed to evaluate potential benefits of proton beam therapy
Authors: Roger E Taylor
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Limb reports that the potential benefits from expanding the indications for proton therapy should be evaluated in randomised clinical trials.1 In proton therapy, in which advantages in radiation dose distribution are usually used to reduce the severity of long term morbidity, randomised clinical trials with an endpoint decades later may be problematic. An example is when the aim is to reduce the risk of late …
Health and Socioeconomic Inequities as Contributors to Brain Health
Authors: Elisa de Paula França Resende, Jorge Jesus Llibre Guerra, Bruce L. Miller
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Presence of anti‐ <scp>BP</scp> 180 and anti‐ <scp>BP</scp> 230 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with bullous pemphigoid and neurological disease: is there any intrathecal synthesis?
Authors: L. Meudec, R. Amode, F. Brunet‐Possenti, S. Mignot, V. Descamps
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)
How are countries in sub-Saharan African monitoring the impact of programmes to prevent vertical transmission of HIV?
Authors: Ameena Goga, Yagespari Singh, Debra Jackson, Solomon Mukungunugwa, Rose Wafula, Michael Eliya, Wingston Felix Ng’ambi, Linda Nabitaka, Witness Chirinda, Sanjana Bhardwaj, Shaffiq Essajee, Chika Hayashi, Yogan Pillay
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Vertical transMission of HiVHow are countries in sub-Saharan African monitoring the impact of programmes to prevent vertical transmission of HIV?Ameena Goga and colleagues describe how five countries in sub-Saharan Africa are monitoring the effectiveness of national programmes to prevent vertical transmission of HIV• All countries are strengthening rou- tine programmatic monitoring, which requires additional systems such as allocating unique identifiers, and developing interclinic data linkages to trace clients who transfer between facilities on 21 July
What Parents Need to Know About the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Matthew Harer, Megan A. Moreno
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Jane E. Brumbaugh, MD; Nellie I. Hansen, MPH; Edward F. Bell, MD; Amaanti Sridhar, MS; Waldemar A. Carlo, MD; Susan R. Hintz, MD, MS; Betty R. Vohr, MD; Tarah T. Colaizy, MD, MPH; Andrea F. Duncan, MD, MS; Myra H. Wyckoff, MD; Michelle L. Baack, MD; Matthew A. Rysavy, MD, PhD; Sara B. DeMauro, MD, MSCE; Barbara J. Stoll, MD; Abhik Das, PhD; Rosemary D. Higgins, MD; for the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network
The concepts of evidence‐based periodontal plastic surgery: Application of the principles of evidence‐based dentistry for the treatment of recession‐type defects
Authors: Leandro Chambrone, Rodrigo Carlos Nahas de Castro Pinto, Luiz Armando Chambrone
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2019)

Abstract The decision‐making process for the treatment of recession‐type defects is based on translation of the outcomes from randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews to clinical practice. Such an approach is capable of assisting researchers, clinicians, and patients to understand the mechanisms and effects of the treatment of different root‐coverage procedures, as well as turning treatment options into usable and predictable tools to be applied in dental practice. This review explores: (a) the aspects related to the etiology of gingival recession; (b) the history of periodontal plastic surgery procedures used to achieve root coverage; (c) the main findings, implications of research, and practice of root‐coverage procedures described from the current base of systematic reviews; (d) the role of the evidence produced in Latin American research centers; and (e) the outcomes of an individual patient data meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials evaluating the role of root coverage and restorative procedures in achieving complete root coverage of noncarious cervical lesions. The findings of the current base of evidence clearly indicate that all of the main periodontal plastic surgery procedures lead to improvements in initial clinical parameters, but subepithelial connective tissue grafts, either alone or associated with coronally advanced flaps, result in superior complete root coverage, long‐term stability, and greater increase of keratinized tissue. Nonetheless, coronally advanced flaps, either associated with biomaterials (acellular dermal matrix grafts, enamel derivative proteins and xenogeneic collagen matrix) or used alone, provide satisfactory results and are suitable for use as secondary/alternative procedures to subepithelial connective tissue grafts.
Interpretation of Studies on the Occurrence of Atrial Fibrillation in Elite Athletes—Reply
Authors: Araceli Boraita, Alejandro Santos-Lozano, Alejandro Lucia
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Abstract 11654: Surgical Versus Medical Therapy for Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 32 Studies
Authors: Christos G Mihos, Romain Capoulade, Evin Yucel, Michael H Picard, Orlando Santana
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) after valve replacement surgery is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Whether a surgical or medical treatment strategy is preferable has not been clearly defined. Methods: A systematic review was performed to identify studies that compared re-operative valve surgery versus medical therapy for PVE. A meta-analysis was conducted on the outcomes of 30-day mortality, and follow-up survival and recurrent PVE. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated utilizing the Mantel-Haenszel method under a fixed or random effects model, as appropriate. Continuous and categorical variables were compared utilizing an independent t-test and a chi-square or Fisher’s exact test, respectively. Results: A total of 32 studies were identified, which included 2636 patients (Surgery=1320, Medical=1316), with a mean follow-up of 22 months (range 3-120). Patients undergoing valve reoperation were younger (58 ± 20 years versus 63 ± 22 years, p&lt;0.0001), with a higher incidence of heart failure (38% versus 28%, p=0.0001) and paravalvular complications (paravalvular leak, prosthetic valve dehiscence, and/or paravavular abscess; 43% versus 19%, p&lt;0.0001), while patients treated with medical therapy alone experienced more Staphylcoccus aureus PVE (32% versus 24%, p=0.0003). When compared with medical therapy, a valve reoperation was associated with a lower risk of 30-day mortality (25% versus 34%; RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.64-0.82, p&lt;0.00001), and a greater survival at follow-up (69% versus 58%; RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.05-1.53, p=0.01), which was driven by the 15 studies published in the year 2000 or later. In patients with left-sided PVE, valve reoperation was also associated with a lower risk of 30-day mortality (25% versus 33%; RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.64-0.86, p&lt;0.0001), and a greater survival at follow-up (71% versus 58%; RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.05-1.73, p=0.02), as compared with medical therapy. There was no difference in the incidence of recurrent PVE with regard to surgical versus medical therapy. Conclusions: Compared with medical therapy, reoperative valve surgery results in lower 30-day mortality and a greater survival at follow-up, and may be preferable for patients with PVE.
Dilation or biodegradable stent placement for recurrent benign esophageal strictures: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Daisy Walter, Maarten van den Berg, Meike Hirdes, Frank Vleggaar, Alessandro Repici, Pierre Deprez, Bartolomé Viedma, Laurence Lovat, Bas Weusten, Raf Bisschops, Rehan Haidry, Elisa Ferrara, Keith Sanborn, Erin O’Leary, Jeanin van Hooft, Peter Siersema
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Correction to: Dilation or biodegradable stent placement for recurrent benign esophageal strictures: a randomized controlled trialEndoscopy 2018; 50(12): 1146-1155DOI: 10.1055/a-0602-4169
Abstract 19448: Altered Cardiomyocyte Glycolysis Causes Cardiac Hypertrophy and Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Authors: Andrew A Gibb, Lindsey A Gilbert, Pawel Lorkiewicz, Patrick Trainor, Michael T Tseng, Paul N Epstein, Aruni Bhatnagar, Bradford G Hill
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: The failing heart is characterized by high rates of glycolysis and low rates of fatty acid oxidation, whereas the diabetic heart shows an opposite cardiac metabotype; however, the rol...
Association of Prenatal Cannabis Exposure With Psychosis Proneness Among Children in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study
Authors: Jeremy D. Fine, Allison L. Moreau, Nicole R. Karcher, Arpana Agrawal, Cynthia E. Rogers, Deanna M. Barch, Ryan Bogdan
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2019)

This cohort study uses data from the ongoing Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study to assess the association of maternal use of cannabis before and after knowledge of pregnancy with psychosis proneness in children.
Follow-up Computed Tomography after Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma
Authors: Philippe Schucht, Urs Fischer, Christian Fung, Corrado Bernasconi, Jens Fichtner, Sonja Vulcu, Daniel Schöni, Andreas Nowacki, Stefan Wanderer, Christian Eisenring, Anna K Krähenbühl, Heinrich P Mattle, Marcel Arnold, Nicole Söll, Lucas Tochtermann, Werner Z'Graggen, Stefanie T Jünger, Jan Gralla, Pasquale Mordasini, F Michael Dahlweid, Andreas Raabe, Jürgen Beck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

CT after Evacuation of Subdural Hematoma In a single-center, randomized trial involving 361 patients, the use of routine computed tomography after the removal of a chronic hematoma had no advantage...
Abstract P314: Sleep Quality and High-fat vs High-vegetable Diet: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Relationships
Authors: Michael A Grandner, Siu-kuen Azor Hui
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Sleep and diet are closely-related aspects of lifestyle health. Several studies have examined relationships between sleep and diet. However, longitudinal relationships are largely unknown. The present study examined whether sleep predicted changes in diet. Methods: Data from the Kansas State Employee Wellness Program from 2008 (N=5,634) and 2009 (N=3,286) were used. Sleep quality was assessed categorized as “Never,” “Seldom,” “Sometimes,” “Often,” or “Always.” Change scores were computed and classified as “Same,” “Better” or “Worse.” Habitual diet was classified as high fat and high vegetable. For both dietary variables, change scores were computed and categorized as no change, no to yes, or yes to no. Binary logistic regressions examined whether sleep quality (reference=”Never”) was associated with high fat or vegetable diets. Multinomial logistic regressions examined whether sleep quality at baseline and change in sleep quality (Better or Worse vs Same) was associated with change in diet. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, education, race/ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI). Results: At baseline, 50.01% of the sample had a high-fat diet, and 48.79% had a high-vegetable diet; notably, 39.98% of those with high fat diets also had high vegetable diets. Overall, poor sleep quality at baseline was associated with an increased likelihood of high-fat diet and decreased likelihood of high-vegetable diet (see Table). Sleep disturbance at baseline was not associated with change in diet, except that sleep disturbance “Always” was associated with an increased likelihood of losing a high-vegetable diet (OR=1.85, 95%CI [1.12,3.05], p=0.016). If sleep quality improved, gaining a high vegetable diet was more likely (OR=1.49, 95%CI [1.07,2.05], p=0.017). Conclusions: Poor sleep was associated with poor dietary behaviors. Further, both poor baseline sleep and worsening sleep over time predicted worsening of dietary behaviors. Sleep may therefore play a causal role in dietary change.
QIM19-124: Does Virtual Navigation Improve Care Continuity and Compliance in Patients With Early Stage Colon Cancer?
Authors: Dayna Crawford, Brook Blackmore, Jeremy Ortega, Erica Williams
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

Background: Colon cancer is the 3rd most common cancer in men and women combined, with an occurrence rate of 4.49% for men and 4.15% for women. The 2018 expectation is 50,630 deaths related to colon cancer in the United States (American Cancer Society Facts and Figures 2018). Early detection is increasing with nearly 45% of colon cancers diagnosed as stage I/II (Sarah Cannon Cancer Registry 2015). Treatment for early stage I/II colon cancer patients usually involves surgery then surveillance. On-site navigators perform their duties by patient need and barriers to care. Late stage III/IV colon cancer patients require more assistance and face more barriers, which often leaves early stage I/II patients without an advocate. This disparity can lead to lower rates of follow-up care for early stage I/II patients. Sarah Cannon created a program for virtual colon navigation (VCN) to determine if early stage I/II patients benefit from a virtual navigator who offers support by phone throughout their disease process. Objectives: The goal was to increase early stage I/II patients’ knowledge of their cancer and convey the importance of compliance with follow-up care, such as repeat colonoscopy as recommended by their physician and NCCN Guidelines. Methods: By developing software that utilizes artificial intelligence, Sarah Cannon created an automated process to identify colon cancer patients at the time of diagnosis. This technology then routes positive pathology reports to a VCN who contacts the early stage I/II patients by telephone, ensuring patient connection to the suitable physician for treatment. The VCN helps patients understand their diagnosis, provides education, assesses barriers to care, connects to resources, provides emotional support, and offers assistance with follow-up for physician visits, imaging and procedures such as colonoscopies, based upon NCCN Guidelines and physician guidelines. The VCN also connects stage III/IV patients with an on-site navigator in their region for more hands-on navigation. Results: Through September 2018, Sarah Cannon navigated 734 colon cancers, 332 stage I/II and 402 stage III/IV. With our increased capacity, Sarah Cannon/HCA maintained a 98% rate of follow-up care with new diagnoses of all stages of colon cancer. Conclusions: The VCN program allowed Sarah Cannon/HCA to improve care continuity and compliance based upon NCCN Guidelines for early stage I/II colon cancer patients throughout 5 regions and 37 facilities.
Multiple eruptive ulcers in a patient with quiescent ulcerative colitis
Authors: Angela Tewari, Asif Mahmood, Christopher Harland
Journal: BMJ (2019)

A 65 year old man with ulcerative colitis presented with a one week history of rapidly expanding, painful, necrotic ulcers over the lower limbs, perineum, and peristomal skin. He had no bowel symptoms. Eighteen months earlier he had undergone a subtotal colectomy and stoma formation. His ulcerative colitis was then in remission and he had been treatment free since then. On examination he was pyrexial and drowsy with a Glasgow coma scale of 14/15. His stoma was functioning well. Multiple purple edged ulcers with central slough (fig 1) affected large areas of both legs as well as a 10×5 cm area in the right groin. There was also a peristomal ulcer surrounding the entire stoma site. Blood results are shown in table 1. Fig 1 Widespread ulcerating ulcers with overhanging edges on the lower legs View this table: Table 1 Blood results Surgical debridement was cancelled after review by a dermatologist. All wound swabs and blood cultures remained negative.