tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Non-contact physiological monitoring of preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Mauricio Villarroel, Sitthichok Chaichulee, João Jorge, Sara Davis, Gabrielle Green, Carlos Arteta, Andrew Zisserman, Kenny McCormick, Peter Watkinson, Lionel Tarassenko
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2019)

Abstract The implementation of video-based non-contact technologies to monitor the vital signs of preterm infants in the hospital presents several challenges, such as the detection of the presence or the absence of a patient in the video frame, robustness to changes in lighting conditions, automated identification of suitable time periods and regions of interest from which vital signs can be estimated. We carried out a clinical study to evaluate the accuracy and the proportion of time that heart rate and respiratory rate can be estimated from preterm infants using only a video camera in a clinical environment, without interfering with regular patient care. A total of 426.6 h of video and reference vital signs were recorded for 90 sessions from 30 preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford. Each preterm infant was recorded under regular ambient light during daytime for up to four consecutive days. We developed multi-task deep learning algorithms to automatically segment skin areas and to estimate vital signs only when the infant was present in the field of view of the video camera and no clinical interventions were undertaken. We propose signal quality assessment algorithms for both heart rate and respiratory rate to discriminate between clinically acceptable and noisy signals. The mean absolute error between the reference and camera-derived heart rates was 2.3 beats/min for over 76% of the time for which the reference and camera data were valid. The mean absolute error between the reference and camera-derived respiratory rate was 3.5 breaths/min for over 82% of the time. Accurate estimates of heart rate and respiratory rate could be derived for at least 90% of the time, if gaps of up to 30 seconds with no estimates were allowed.
Abstract 2214: The Aptamer ARC1779 Is A Potent And Specific Inhibitor Of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) Mediated Ex Vivo Platelet Function In ST-elevation (STEMI) and non-ST elevation (NSTEMI) Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)
Authors: Bernd Jilma, Florian B Mayr, Alexander O Spiel, Patricia G Merlino, Harold N Marsh, Robert Schaub, Jim Gilbert
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: ARC1779 is an aptamer which blocks the A1 domain binding of the vWF A1 domain to platelet GPIb receptors that is now in development for the treatment of AMI. vWF is increased in the elderly and in the setting of AMI, as reflected in higher vWF levels in circulation and in increased shear-dependent platelet function as measured by the platelet function analyzer (PFA-100) and cone and plate analyzer (IMPACT). Conventional therapy of AMI partially reduces platelet activation and aggregation, but does not address excessive vWF activity or platelet adhesion. Methods: We studied the ex vivo dose response curves for ARC1779 on PFA-100 and IMPACT platelet function tests, agonist-induced platelet aggregation, and vWF activity (free A1 domain sites) of patients with AMI on standard treatment including aspirin and clopidogrel (n=40), young (n=20) and elderly controls (n=20). Results: ARC1779 fully blocked collagen ADP induced platelet plug formation as measured by PFA-100 with an IC100 of ~ 1–2 mcg/mL with citrate anticoagulation, and 3–5 mcg/mL with hirudin anticoagulation. ARC1779 fully blocked shear-dependent platelet adhesion measured by the IMPACT analyzer with an IC100 of ~ 1 mcg/mL with citrate anticoagulation. In contrast to GPIIb/IIIa antagonists, ARC1779 did not inhibit platelet aggregation by ADP, collagen or arachidonic acid at concentrations (10mcg/mL) that fully inhibited vWF dependent platelet function. ARC1779 fully blocked vWF activity ex vivo with an IC90 of ~ 1 mcg/mL in young controls and 6 – 8 mcg/mL in STEMI and NSTEMI patients. Conclusions: ARC1779 potently and specifically inhibits vWF activity and vWF dependent platelet function, even in the setting of AMI where vWF activity is increased. ARC1779 represents a novel therapeutic principle (vWF antagonism) and a novel therapeutic class (aptamers). Potent and specific inhibition of VWF makes ARC1779 a promising development candidate for patients with AMI. Results
Abstract A11: Combined Src and EGFR inhibition targets STAT3 to induce stromal remodeling and increase drug delivery to improve survival in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Austin R. Dosch, Xizi Dai, Michelle L. Reyzer, Deukwoo Kwon, Richard Caprioli, Nipun B. Merchant, Nagaraj S. Nagathihalli
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Lack of durable response to cytotoxic chemotherapy is a major contributor to the dismal outcomes seen in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Extensive tumor desmoplasia and poor vascular supply are two predominant characteristics that hinder the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs into PDAC tumors and mediate resistance to therapy. Previously, we have shown that STAT3 is a key biomarker of therapeutic resistance to gemcitabine treatment in PDAC, which can be overcome by combined inhibition of the Src kinase and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathways. Although it is well established that concurrent EGFR and Src inhibition exert these anti-eoplastic properties through inhibiting mitogenic pathways in tumor cells directly, the influence of this combined therapy on stromal constituents in PDAC tumors remains unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate in both orthotopic tumor xenografts and Ptf1acre/+;LSL-KrasG12D/+;Tgfbr2flox/flox (PKT) mouse models that concurrent EGFR and Src inhibition abrogates STAT3 activation, resulting in stromal remodeling through the depletion of tumor collagen content, increasing microvessel density, and preventing tissue fibrosis in vivo. Furthermore, these stromal changes resulting from combined pathway inhibition produce a direct increase in intratumoral gemcitabine levels as determined by MALDI-IMS and improve overall survival in PKT mice treated with combined EGFR and Src inhibition with gemcitabine. As a phase 1 clinical trial utilizing concurrent EGFR and Src inhibition in combination with gemcitabine has recently concluded, these data provide translational insight into the novel mechanism of action of this regimen and expand our understanding into the phenomenon of stromal-mediated therapeutic resistance. Citation Format: Austin R. Dosch, Xizi Dai, Michelle L. Reyzer, Deukwoo Kwon, Richard Caprioli, Nipun B. Merchant, Nagaraj S. Nagathihalli. Combined Src and EGFR inhibition targets STAT3 to induce stromal remodeling and increase drug delivery to improve survival in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Science and Clinical Care; 2019 Sept 6-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(24 Suppl):Abstract nr A11.
Osimertinib-Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Kartik Anand, Joe Ensor, Barry Trachtenberg, Eric H. Bernicker
Journal: JACC CardioOncology (2019)

The goal of this study was to compare the risk of cardiotoxicity with osimertinib versus all other drugs and versus epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) (erlotinib, afatinib, and gefitinib) in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS), a pharmacovigilance database.Osimertinib has been shown to improve outcomes in T790M-positive non-small cell lung cancer patients who progress on EGFR-TKI therapy and in the frontline setting in EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer. In pivotal trials, osimertinib was associated with higher rates of cardiotoxicity compared with the control arm.FAERS was queried for "Cardiac failure," "Electrocardiogram QT-prolonged," "Atrial Fibrillation (AF)," "Myocardial Infarction (MI)," and "Pericardial Effusion" secondary to "Osimertinib," "Erlotinib," "Afatinib," "Gefitinib," and all other drugs from 2016 to 2018. Disproportionality signal analysis was performed by calculating the reporting odds ratio (ROR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI). The ROR was considered significant when the lower limit of the 95% CI was >1.0.The ROR (95% CI) for cardiac failure, atrial fibrillation (AF), QT prolongation, myocardial infarction, and pericardial effusion due to osimertinib versus all other drugs in FAERS was 5.4 (4.2 to 7.1), 4.0 (2.8 to 5.8), 11.2 (7.9 to 15.8), 1.6 (0.9 to 2.6), and 8.2 (4.8 to 14), respectively. The ROR (95% CI) for cardiac failure, AF, QT prolongation, myocardial infarction, and pericardial effusion in comparing osimertinib versus other EGFR-TKIs was 2.2 (1.5 to 3.2), 2.1 (1.3 to 3.5), 6.6 (3.4 to 12.8), 1.2 (0.6 to 2.3), and 1.6 (0.8 to 3.3).The RORs for cardiac failure, AF, and QT prolongation were higher due to osimertinib compared with other TKIs. Electrocardiographic monitoring for QT prolongation and monitoring for signs and symptoms of heart failure should be considered in patients taking osimertinib.
Prospective Evaluation of ABL Kinase Domain Mutational Analysis By Next-Generation-Sequencing in Newly Diagnosed CP CML Patients Undergoing First-Line Treatment with Nilotinib Alone or Nilotinib + Pegylated Interferon-α2a in a Prospective Phase III Trial
Authors: Hugues de Lavallade, Sophie Jackson, Aytug Kizilors, Gabriel Etienne, Francoise Huguet, Agnes Guerci-Bresler, Delphine Rea, Claudine Chollet, Stephane Morisset, Fanny Robbesyn, Francois-Xavier Mahon, Stephanie Dulucq, Franck E Nicolini
Journal: Blood (2019)
Sexual Selection Shapes Seminal Vesicle Secretion Gene Expression in House Mice
Authors: Leigh W Simmons, Nadia S Sloan, Renée C Firman
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2019)

Reproductive proteins typically have high rates of molecular evolution, and are assumed to be under positive selection from sperm competition and cryptic female choice. However, ascribing evolutionary divergence in the genome to these processes of sexual selection from patterns of association alone is problematic. Here, we use an experimental manipulation of postmating sexual selection acting on populations of house mice and explore its consequences for the expression of seminal vesicle secreted (SVS) proteins. Following 25 generations of selection, males from populations subjected to postmating sexual selection had evolved increased expression of at least two SVS genes that exhibit the signature of positive selection at the molecular level, SVS1 and SVS2. These proteins contribute to mating plug formation and sperm survival in the female reproductive tract. Our data thereby support the view that sexual selection is responsible for the evolution of these seminal fluid proteins.
In situ metabolomics in nephrotoxicity of aristolochic acids based on air flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Zhonghua Wang, Bingshu He, Yaqi Liu, Meiling Huo, Wenqing Fu, Chunyan Yang, Jinfeng Wei, Zeper Abliz
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2019)

Understanding of the nephrotoxicity induced by drug candidates is vital to drug discovery and development. Herein, an in situ metabolomics method based on air flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AFADESI-MSI) was established for direct analysis of metabolites in renal tissue sections. This method was subsequently applied to investigate spatially resolved metabolic profile changes in rat kidney after the administration of aristolochic acid I, a known nephrotoxic drug, aimed to discover metabolites associated with nephrotoxicity. As a result, 38 metabolites related to the arginine-creatinine metabolic pathway, the urea cycle, the serine synthesis pathway, metabolism of lipids, choline, histamine, lysine, and adenosine triphosphate were significantly changed in the group treated with aristolochic acid I. These metabolites exhibited a unique distribution in rat kidney and a good spatial match with histopathological renal lesions. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying aristolochic acids nephrotoxicity and demonstrates that AFADESI-MSI-based in situ metabolomics is a promising technique for investigation of the molecular mechanism of drug toxicity.
Novel arginase inhibitor alone and in combination with an immune check point inhibitor reduces tumour growth in murine experimental gliomas
Authors: P. Pilanc-kudlek, S. Cyranowski, K. Wojnicki, N. Ochocka, M. Grzybowski, P. Stańczak, P. Pomper, R. Błaszczyk, A. Gołębiowski, P. Dobrzański, B. Kaminska
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Trainee who exaggerated experience and claimed to have cancer is suspended for nine months
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2019)

A trainee psychiatrist who exaggerated her experience, wrongly claimed to be a member of the Royal College of Physicians, and falsely told colleagues that she had breast cancer has been suspended from the UK medical register for nine months.

Amina Rafi qualified at Leeds University in 2014 and began as a CT2 doctor training in psychiatry at the high security Broadmoor Hospital in February 2018. But she told colleagues that she had previously been a registrar at ST6 level in geriatrics, as well as a member of the Royal College of Physicians.

When, in June 2018, her clinical supervisor called …
Association Between Fertility Treatment and Cancer Risk in Children
Authors: Marie Hargreave, Allan Jensen, Merete Kjær Hansen, Christian Dehlendorff, Jeanette Falck Winther, Kjeld Schmiegelow, Susanne K. Kjær
Journal: JAMA (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> An increasing number of children worldwide are born after the use of fertility treatment, although it remains unclear whether the treatment affects the risk of childhood cancer and whether any associations observed are due to the use of specific drugs, the use of specific procedures, or the underlying infertility. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the association between different types of fertility treatments and cancer risk in children. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A retrospective cohort study based on Danish population-based registry data and the Danish Infertility Cohort (individual record linkage) that included 1 085 172 children born in Denmark between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2012, linked with parental information. There were a total of 2217 children diagnosed with cancer (follow-up occurred during 1996-2015). <h3>Exposures</h3> Maternal fertility treatment during the index pregnancy, including the use of fertility drugs (clomiphene [n = 33 835], gonadotropins [n = 57 136], gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs [n = 38 653], human chorionic gonadotropin [n = 68 181], progesterone [n = 41 628], and estrogen [n = 16 948]) and assisted reproductive technology (in vitro fertilization [n = 19 448], intracytoplasmic sperm injection [n = 13 417], and frozen embryo transfer [n = 3356]). Each exposure was examined separately and compared with children born to fertile women. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Hazard ratios and incidence rate differences for childhood cancer. <h3>Results</h3> After 12.2 million person-years of follow-up (mean, 11.3 years), the incidence rate of childhood cancer was 17.5 per 100 000 for children born to fertile women (n = 910 291) and 44.4 per 100 000 for children born after the use of frozen embryo transfer (n = 3356). Compared with children born to fertile women, the use of frozen embryo transfer was associated with an elevated risk of childhood cancer (14 cancer cases; hazard ratio, 2.43 [95% CI, 1.44 to 4.11]; incidence rate difference, 26.9 [95% CI, 2.8 to 51.0] per 100 000), mainly due to an increased risk of leukemia (5 cancer cases; incidence rate, 14.4 per 100 000; hazard ratio, 2.87 [95% CI, 1.19 to 6.93]; incidence rate difference, 10.1 [95% CI, −4.0 to 24.2] per 100 000) and sympathetic nervous system tumors (&lt;5 cancer cases; hazard ratio, 7.82 [95% CI, 2.47 to 24.70]). There were no statistically significant associations with the use of the other types of fertility treatment examined. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Among children born in Denmark, the use of frozen embryo transfer, compared with children born to fertile women, was associated with a small but statistically significant increased risk of childhood cancer; this association was not found for the use of other types of fertility treatment examined.
Single-nucleotide polymorphism variation (SNV): Possible candidates as predictive biomarkers to response and progression free survival (PFS) in cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI)
Authors: F. Costa Svedman, M. Yang, R. Tuominen, S.E. Brage, V. Höiom
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis for Patients with Oncogene-Addicted NSCLC With Isolated Central Nervous System Progression
Authors: Mihaela Aldea, Lizza Hendriks, Laura Mezquita, Cécile Jovelet, David Planchard, Edouard Auclin, Jordi Remon, Karen Howarth, Jose Carlos Benitez, Anas Gazzah, Pernelle Lavaud, Charles Naltet, Ludovic Lacroix, Frank de Kievit, Clive Morris, Emma Green, Maud Ngo-Camus, Etienne Rouleau, Christophe Massard, Caroline Caramella, Luc Friboulet, Benjamin Besse
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2019)
An Extraordinary Case of Brown Fat Distribution
Authors: Cedric Reichel, Christophe Deroose, Koen Van Laere, Karolien Goffin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

Abstract We report the case of a 27-year-old woman who underwent an 18 F-FDG PET/CT, after administration of 20 mg propranolol, 20 minutes preinjection, to investigate B-symptoms as well as right-sided shoulder pain. Unilateral hypermetabolism was seen in the left cervical, thoracic, and paravertebral brown fat, without any uptake on the contralateral side. The patient was born with neuroblastoma in the right thoracic area. She underwent surgery a few days after birth. As brown fat activation is under sympathetic control, we hypothesize that a surgical lesion to the right orthosympathetic trunk resulted in sympathetic denervation, responsible for this distribution.
Clinical biomarkers as predictors of immunotherapy (IT) benefit in recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients (pt)
Authors: A. Hernando-Calvo, O. Mirallas, D. Marmolejo, E. Felip, G. Villacampa Javierre, E. Garralda, R. Gutierrez, B. Feliu, S. Martínez, R. Dienstmann, I. Braña
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Opioid Litigation and Maternal-Child Health—Investing in the Future
Authors: Stephen W. Patrick, Corey S. Davis, Bradley D. Stein
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Treatment of refractory recurrent gastrointestinal stromal tumors with adoptive cellular immunotherapy (TILs) and personalized vaccine
Authors: A.A. Tavartkiladze, R. Khutsishvili, P. Revazishvili, M. Maisuradze, L. Tavartkiladze, G. Tavartkiladze
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Updated US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm—Are We Really Up To Date?
Authors: Marc Schermerhorn
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Reduce out-of-area rehabilitation placements for complex psychosis, says NICE
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Commissioners should work to reduce the number of out-of-area rehabilitation placements for people with complex psychosis and related mental health conditions and explain when patients will be able to be treated locally, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has said.1

The NICE draft guidelines recommended that more people should have rehabilitation closer to home, as this would improve their quality …
Abstract 13437: Morning-Evening Difference on Self-Measured Home Blood Pressure and Risk of Stroke: J-HOP Study
Authors: Satoshi Hoshide, Yuichiro Yano, Kazuomi Kario
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Home blood pressure (BP) monitoring (HBPM) is performed by an individual at home in the morning and in the evening for several days, and the average of all BP readings is used to defi...