tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Manual of Medical Jurisprudence.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ticagrelor in Patients with Stable Coronary Disease and Diabetes
Authors: P. Gabriel Steg, Deepak L. Bhatt, Tabassome Simon, Kim Fox, Shamir R. Mehta, Robert A. Harrington, Claes Held, Marielle Andersson, Anders Himmelmann, Wilhelm Ridderstråle, Maria Leonsson-Zachrisson, Yuyin Liu, Grzegorz Opolski, Dmitry Zateyshchikov, Junbo Ge, José C. Nicolau, Ramón Corbalán, Jan H. Cornel, Petr Widimský, Lawrence A. Leiter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

Patients with stable coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus who have not had a myocardial infarction or stroke are at high risk for cardiovascular events. Whether adding ticagrelor to aspirin improves outcomes in this population is unclear.
Acute Contagious Diseases.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Carvedilol Among Patients With Heart Failure With a Cocaine-Use Disorder
Authors: Dahlia Banerji, Raza M. Alvi, Maryam Afshar, Noor Tariq, Adam Rokicki, Connor P. Mulligan, Lili Zhang, Malek O. Hassan, Magid Awadalla, John D. Groarke, Tomas G. Neilan
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2019)
Hydatid Disease. In its Clinical Aspects.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Oxidized low-density lipoproteins induce tissue factor expression in T-lymphocytes via activation of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1
Authors: Giovanni Cimmino, Plinio Cirillo, Stefano Conte, Grazia Pellegrino, Giusi Barra, Lucio Maresca, Andrea Morello, Gaetano Calì, Francesco Loffredo, Raffaele De Palma, Giulia Arena, Tatsuya Sawamura, Giuseppe Ambrosio, Paolo Golino
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2019)

T-lymphocytes plays an important role in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes. T-cell activation in vitro by pro-inflammatory cytokines may lead to functional tissue factor (TF) expression, indicating a possible contribution of immunity to thrombosis. Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDLs) are found abundantly in atherosclerotic plaques. We aimed at evaluating the effects of oxLDLs on TF expression in T cells and the role of the lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1).CD3+ cells were isolated from healthy volunteers. Gene, protein, and surface expression of TF, as well as of LOX-1, were assessed at different time-points after oxLDL stimulation. To determine whether oxLDL-induced TF was LOX-1 dependent, T cells were pre-incubated with an LOX-1 inhibiting peptide (L-RBP) or with an anti-LOX-1 blocking antibody. To exclude that TF expression was mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, oxLDL-stimulated T cells were pre-incubated with superoxide dismutase + catalase or with 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (Tempol), an intracellular free radical scavenger. Finally, to determine if the observed findings in vitro may have a biological relevance, the presence of CD3+/TF+/LOX-1+ cells was evaluated by immunofluorescence in human carotid atherosclerotic lesions. oxLDLs induced functionally active TF expression in T cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, independently on ROS generation. No effect was observed in native LDL-treated T cells. LOX-1 expression was also induced by oxLDLs in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Pre-incubation with L-RBP or anti-LOX-1 antibody almost completely inhibited oxLDL-mediated TF expression. Interestingly, human carotid plaques showed significant infiltration of CD3+ cells (mainly CD8+ cells), some of which were positive for both TF and LOX-1.oxLDLs induce functional TF expression in T-lymphocytes in vitro via interaction of oxLDLs with LOX-1. Human carotid atherosclerotic plaques contain CD3+/CD8+cells that express both TF and LOX-1, indicating that also in patients these mechanisms may play an important role.
BCR signaling contributes to autophagy regulation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Lindsay D. Smith, Annabel R. Minton, Matthew D. Blunt, Laura I. Karydis, David A. Dutton, Karly-Rai Rogers-Broadway, Rachel Dobson, Rena Liu, Faith Norster, Elizabeth Hogg, Margaret Ashton-Key, Jonathan C. Strefford, Li Jia, Dimitar G. Efremov, G. Vignir Helgason, Peter W. M. Johnson, Freda K. Stevenson, Francesco Forconi, Mark S. Cragg, David A. Tumbarello, Graham Packham, Andrew J. Steele
Journal: Leukemia (2019)

HCQ (µM
Incidence and prevalence of brain metastases among patients with advanced breast cancer in a United States managed-care population
Authors: E. M. Pelletier, M. M. Amonkar, B. Shim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

6624 Background: There continues to be uncertainty about the extent of the breast cancer (BC) population afflicted with secondary brain metastases (BM). This study estimated the incidence and prevalence of BM among patients with advanced BC in a US-based population. Methods: Female BC patients diagnosed with secondary BM between 1/2002 and 12/2004 and with a brain or head diagnostic test within 30 days of the BM diagnosis were identified from a nationally representative private payer database (PharMetrics, Inc.). The date of the first BM diagnosis served as the index date. A 1-year look-back period was used to identify patients with a diagnosis of BC and those with and without a history of BM. Patients were required to have continuous health plan enrollment for 1 year prior to and at least 1 month following the index date. Patients aged &lt;18 years, and those aged 65+ and not in a Medicare Risk plan were excluded. The denominator for incidence and prevalence calculations included all patients with diagnosed advanced BC during the study period. A death proxy algorithm was used to estimate the mortality rate. Results: 779 incident and 995 prevalent BM patients were identified; mean age of each cohort was 53 years. In the 1 year prior to the index diagnosis, 73.6% of incident patients were treated with chemotherapy and 25.0% received radiation therapy; &lt;10% of patients had a lumpectomy, mastectomy, or lymph node dissection. About 22% of incident patients died during the follow-up period, an average of 158 days (95% CI=131.1, 183.9) from the index BM diagnosis. From 2002–2004, 8,518 advanced BC patients were identified, resulting in a BM incidence rate of 9.1% (95% CI=8.5%, 9.8%). During this same period, the prevalence of BM was found to be 11.7% (95% CI=11.0%, 12.4%), with rates increasing by year. On average, the first diagnosis of BM occurred 123 days (95% CI=106.9, 139.3) following the BC diagnosis. Conclusions: Secondary BM is a common occurrence among advanced BC patients. The BM incidence rate is in the range (5–20%) of previously published studies. The prevalence of BM was 28% higher than the incidence and increased over time. This increasing frequency suggests an unmet need that could be filled with newer treatments that improve BC outcomes, including the prevention or delay of BM. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Mesencephalic Astrocyte‐Derived Neurotrophic Factor Inhibits Liver Cancer Through Small Ubiquitin‐Related Modifier (SUMO)ylation‐Related Suppression of NF‐κB/Snail Signaling Pathway and Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Jun Liu, Zhengsheng Wu, Dan Han, Chuansheng Wei, Yanyan Liang, Tongcui Jiang, Lu Chen, Manqi Sha, Yajie Cao, Fan Huang, Xiaoping Geng, Jishuang Yu, Yujun Shen, Hua Wang, Lijie Feng, Dong Wang, Shengyun Fang, Siying Wang, Yuxian Shen
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Background and Aims Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with liver inflammation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, how ER stress links inflammation and HCC remains obscure. Mesencephalic astrocyte‐derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is an ER stress‐inducible secretion protein that inhibits inflammation by interacting with the key subunit of nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) p65. We hypothesized that MANF may play a key role in linking ER stress and inflammation in HCC. Approach and Results Here, we found that MANF mRNA and protein levels were lower in HCC tissues versus adjacent noncancer tissues. Patients with high levels of MANF had better relapse‐free survival and overall survival rates than those with low levels. MANF levels were also associated with the status of liver cirrhosis, advanced tumor‐node‐metastasis (TNM) stage, and tumor size. In vitro experiments revealed that MANF suppressed the migration and invasion of hepatoma cells. Hepatocyte‐specific deletion of MANF accelerated N‐nitrosodiethylamine (DEN)‐induced HCC by up‐regulating Snail1+2 levels and promoting epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). MANF appeared in the nuclei and was colocalized with p65 in HCC tissues and in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α)‐treated hepatoma cells. The interaction of p65 and MANF was also confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation experiments. Consistently, knockdown of MANF up‐regulated NF‐κB downstream target genes TNF‐α, interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐1α expression in vitro and in vivo . Finally, small ubiquitin‐related modifier 1 (SUMO1) promoted MANF nuclear translocation and enhanced the interaction of MANF and p65. Mutation of p65 motifs for SUMOylation abolished the interaction of p65 and MANF. Conclusions MANF plays an important role in linking ER stress and liver inflammation by inhibiting the NF‐κB/Snail signal pathway in EMT and HCC progression. Therefore, MANF may be a cancer suppressor and a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
Circulating epithelial tumor cells (CETC) during preoperative chemotherapy (CTX) of patients with gastric cancer.
Authors: Harald Schmalenberg, Katharina Pachmann, Claudia Pauligk, Andreas Hochhaus, Salah-Eddin Al-Batran
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e21063 Background: we investigated CETC in blood samples accompanying a German multicenter phase II/III trial comparing perioperative CTX with epirubicin, cisplatin, 5-FU, leucovorin (ECF) every 3 weeks or 5-FU, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, docetaxel (FLOT) every 2 weeks. Methods: 7.5ml of anti-coagulated blood was drawn before the first and before the second course of CTX and after the end of preoperative CTX before surgery. After red blood cell lysis the white blood cells including the CETC were stained with a fluorescent labelled anti-epithelial antibody, positive events counted using an automated image analysis microscope and calculated per volume blood. Results: CETC were evaluable from 98 patients (FLOT: n=41; ECF: n=57). Characteristic response pattern to treatment were observed: Most patients (n=33 (81.5 %) from the FLOT arm and n=45 (79%) from the ECF arm) showed a decrease in CETC numbers during the first treatment course. Of these patients 11/33 (33%) in the FLOT arm and 24/45 (53%) in the ECF arm had a re-increase in cell numbers after chemotherapy (chi-square test p=.079). 11/11 (100% of patients with an initial increase in CETC in the FLOT arm subsequently showed decreasing CETC numbers whereas this was true only for 8/12 (66%) of the patients from the ECF arm (chi-square test p=.035). Conclusions: this is the first report on CETC during neoadjuvant CTX of gastric cancer. We have observed a rapid decrease in the number of CETC during CTX in the majority of patients in both arms. A re-increase under ongoing CTX was seen more frequently in patients receiving ECF. Whether the initial decrease of CETC correlates with tumor size reduction and subsequent difference in behaviour of CETC numbers during CTX translates into clinical outcome needs to be investigated in the frame of the ongoing German multicenter study.
Prevalence and Correlates of Meeting Sleep, Screen-Time, and Physical Activity Guidelines Among Adolescents in the United Kingdom
Authors: Natalie Pearson, Lauren B. Sherar, Mark Hamer
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

evidence from self-reported measures; thus using objective data to classify participants may result in discrepancies.The first step toward targeted intervention efforts is an understanding of the factors that are associated with engaging in multiple unhealthy behaviors.Similarly to the US study, these analyses showed that adolescent boys and girls with depressive symptoms had lower odds of meeting all 3 recommendations, although associations of other independent variables, such as income and obesity, appeared to differ by sex in the present study.Given that weight status and depression are socially patterned in the United Kingdom, the findings validate the need for UK-based prospective studies that use robust measures to understand associative pathways.It is also important to understand the socioeconomic patterning of lifestyle behaviors and health markers in girls and boys to inform interventions and policy.
Faecal haemoglobin concentration among subjects with negative FIT results is associated with the detection rate of neoplasia at subsequent rounds: a prospective study in the context of population based screening programmes in Italy
Authors: Carlo Senore, Marco Zappa, Cinzia Campari, Sergio Crotta, Paola Armaroli, Arrigo Arrigoni, Paola Cassoni, Rossana Colla, Mario Fracchia, Fabrizio Gili, Grazia Grazzini, Roberto Lolli, Patrizia Menozzi, Lorenzo Orione, Salvatore Polizzi, Stefano Rapi, Emilia Riggi, Tiziana Rubeca, Romano Sassatelli, Carmen Visioli, Nereo Segnan
Journal: Gut (2019)

To estimate the predictive role of faecal haemoglobin (f-Hb) concentration among subjects with faecal immunochemical test (FIT) results below the positivity cut-off for the subsequent risk of advanced neoplasia (AN: colorectal cancer-CRC-or advanced adenoma).Prospective cohort of subjects aged 50-69 years, undergoing their first FIT between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2010 in four population-based programmes in Italy.All programmes adopted the same analytical procedure (OC Sensor, Eiken Japan), performed every 2 years, on a single sample, with the same positivity cut-off (20 µg Hb/g faeces). We assessed the AN risk at subsequent exams, the cumulative AN detection rate (DR) over the 4-year period following the second FIT and the interval CRC (IC) risk following two negative FITs by cumulative amount of f-Hb concentration over two consecutive negative FITs, using multivariable logistic regression models and the Kaplan-Meier method.The cumulative probability of a positive FIT result over the subsequent two rounds ranged between 7.8% (95% CI 7.5 to 8.2) for subjects with undetectable f-Hb at the initial two tests (50% of the screenees) and 48.4% (95% CI 44.0 to 53.0) among those (0.7% of the screenees) with a cumulative f-Hb concentration ≥20 µg/g faeces. The corresponding figures for cumulative DR were: 1.4% (95% CI 1.3 to 1.6) and 25.5% (95% CI 21.4 to 30.2) for AN; 0.17% (95% CI 0.12 to 0.23) and 4.5% (95% CI 2.8 to 7.1) for CRC. IC risk was also associated with cumulative f-Hb levels.The association of cumulative f-Hb concentration with subsequent AN and IC risk may allow to design tailored strategies to optimise the utilisation of endoscopy resources: subjects with cumulative f-Hb concentration ≥20 µg/g faeces over two negative tests could be referred immediately for total colonoscopy (TC), while screening interval might be extended for those with undetectable f-Hb.
Association of baseline cardiovascular risk factors and health care utilization and costs in elderly breast cancer patients enrolled in SWOG clinical trials.
Authors: Dawn L. Hershman, Cathee Till, Jason Dennis Wright, Melissa Kate Accordino, Riha Vaidya, William E. Barlow, Scott Ramsey, Joseph M. Unger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

11508 Background: Cardiovascular-disease risk factors (CVD-RFs) increase the risk of cardiac events in women undergoing chemotherapy. Less is known about the impact of CVD-RFs on healthcare utilization and costs. Methods: We examined breast cancer patients treated uniformly on SWOG clinical trials from 1999-2011. We identified baseline diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and coronary artery disease (CAD) by linking trial records to Medicare claims; obesity was identified using clinical records. The outcomes were emergency room visits (ER), hospitalizations and costs. Multivariable logistic and linear regression were used. Results: Among the 708 patients included in the analysis, 160 (22.6%) experienced 234 separate hospitalizations, and 193 (27.3%) experienced 311 separate ER visits. Diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and CAD were all associated with increased risk of hospitalizations and ER visit. Hypertension had the strongest association, with more than a threefold risk of hospitalization for those with hypertension compared to those without (OR [95% CI], 3.16 [1.85-5.40], p&lt;0.001). For those with ≥3 CVD-RFs, the risk of hospitalization was greater compared to 0 or 1 CVD-RFs (OR [95% CI], 2.74 [1.71-4.38], p&lt;0.001). Similar results were seen for ER visits. In the first 12 months after trial registration, patients with diabetes ($38,324 vs $30,923, 23.9% increase, p=0.05), hypercholesterolemia ($34,168 vs $30,661, 11.4% increase, p=0.02), and CAD ($37,781 vs $31,698, 19.2% increase, p=0.04) had statistically significantly higher total healthcare costs. Additionally, those with 2 significant CVD-RFs ($35,353 vs. $28,899, 22.3% increase, p=.005) had higher total healthcare costs. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that the presence of both CVD-RFs and ER visits and hospitalizations are frequent among elderly BC patients. The risk of ER visits and hospitalizations is higher among patients with CVD-RFs, and increases with the number of RFs. Better management of CVD-RFs and more aggressive symptom management may be required to reduce both physical and financial toxicities to elderly patients undergoing BC therapy.
Efficacy and safety of topical delgocitinib in patients with chronic hand eczema: data from a randomized, double‐blind, vehicle‐controlled phase <scp>II</scp> a study
Authors: M. Worm, A. Bauer, P. Elsner, V. Mahler, S. Molin, T.S.S. Nielsen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

Management of chronic hand eczema (CHE) remains a challenge; effective topical treatment is limited to corticosteroids.To assess the efficacy and safety of a novel, pan-Janus kinase inhibitor (delgocitinib) in patients with CHE.In this randomized, double-blind, phase IIa study, patients with CHE received delgocitinib ointment 30 mg g-1 or vehicle ointment for 8 weeks. The primary end point was the proportion of patients achieving treatment success ['clear'/'almost clear' skin with ≥ 2-point improvement in the Physician's Global Assessment of disease severity (PGA)] at week 8. Secondary end points included Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI) score changes and the proportion of patients achieving treatment success on the Patient's Global Assessment of disease severity (PaGA).Ninety-one patients were randomized. More patients receiving delgocitinib (46%) than vehicle (15%) [odds ratio 4·89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·49-16·09; P = 0·009] achieved treatment success (PGA). Adjusted mean HECSI score at week 8 was lower with delgocitinib (13·0) than with vehicle (25·8) (adjusted mean difference -12·88, 95% CI -21·47 to -4·30; P = 0·003). More patients receiving delgocitinib than vehicle achieved treatment success by PaGA, but this did not reach statistical significance. The incidence of adverse events was similar with delgocitinib and vehicle; none led to discontinuation of delgocitinib.Delgocitinib ointment was efficacious and well tolerated. As a plateau of efficacy was not observed, a longer treatment period may lead to increased efficacy. Further clinical studies are warranted to confirm these findings in patients with CHE. What's already known about this topic? Chronic hand eczema (CHE) has a significant burden. Few randomized controlled studies have evaluated current treatments for CHE; only limited data are available to inform and guide clinical practice decisions. There is currently an unmet need for efficacious and well-tolerated topical treatment options for patients with CHE. What does this study add? Delgocitinib is a novel, pan-Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor specific for JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and tyrosine kinase 2. Topical use of delgocitinib ointment resulted in clearance of CHE after 8 weeks of treatment in a significantly greater number of patients than vehicle; delgocitinib was also well tolerated. Results from this proof-of-concept clinical study suggest that topical delgocitinib may provide therapeutic benefit to patients with CHE with inadequate responses to topical corticosteroids.