tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
National Fund for Medical Education
Authors: M FISHBEIN
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

The National Fund for Medical Education is to be congratulated on the recognition given it by Congress in the form of a federal charter. Our 80 medical schools are the keystones of national health, and their support is fundamental to the democratic tradition. A large part of this support has always come from gifts and bequests, and such funds are more necessary now than ever before because of the vast research programs currently being carried on in schools that originally limited their activities almost exclusively to teaching. The total cost of medical education cannot be passed on to medical students, because it would be prohibitive to all but a small handful of desirable applicants. The only other alternative would be governmental subsidy, and such a step not only would go against tradition but would lead to a bureaucratic control, which would eventually lower the hard-won standards we now enjoy. If
Association Between Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs and Nonfatal and Fatal Drug Overdoses
Authors: David S. Fink, Julia P. Schleimer, Aaron Sarvet, Kiran K. Grover, Chris Delcher, Alvaro Castillo-Carniglia, June H. Kim, Ariadne E. Rivera-Aguirre, Stephen G. Henry, Silvia S. Martins, Magdalena Cerdá
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

This systematic review examines whether implementation of prescription drug monitoring programs is associated with changes in nonfatal and fatal overdoses, identifies features of programs different...
Acquired Ichthyosis in a Middle-aged Woman
Authors: Karl M. Saardi, Christine A. DeWitt, Michael A. Cardis
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Maternal and Child Health
Authors: William M. Schmidt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

MATERNAL and child health services are organized public efforts, governmental and nongovernmental, to promote and protect the health of mothers and children. The clinical basis of maternal and child health derives to a great extent from pediatrics and obstetrics, and its scope and effectiveness have been enhanced by the increasing emphasis on preventive medicine in these specialties. Reviews of preventive medicine in these special fields in 19421 , 2 and 19533 provide an indication of progress during the past decade and of changes in point of view and emphasis that reflect the ebb of some problems and the rising tide of others. . . .
Sleep disordered breathing and metabolic comorbidities across sex and menopausal status in East Asians: the Nagahama Study
Authors: Takeshi Matsumoto, Kimihiko Murase, Yasuharu Tabara, Takuma Minami, Osamu Kanai, Hirofumi Takeyama, Naomi Takahashi, Satoshi Hamada, Kiminobu Tanizawa, Tomoko Wakamura, Naoko Komenami, Kazuya Setoh, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Takanobu Tsutsumi, Satoshi Morita, Yoshimitsu Takahashi, Takeo Nakayama, Toyohiro Hirai, Fumihiko Matsuda, Kazuo Chin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

It is well known that the prevalence of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is increased in patients with obesity or metabolic comorbidities. However, the way in which the prevalence of SDB increases in relation to comorbidities according to the severity of obesity remains unclear. This cross-sectional study evaluated 7713 community participants using nocturnal oximetry ≥2 nights. SDB was assessed by the 3% oxygen desaturation index corrected for sleep duration obtained by wrist actigraphy (acti-ODI3%). SDB severity was defined by acti-ODI3%. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥25 kg·m −2 . The prevalence of SDB was 41.0% (95% CI 39.9–42.1%), 46.9% (45.8–48.0%), 10.1% (9.5–10.8%) and 2.0% (1.7–2.3%) in normal, mild, moderate and severe SDB, respectively, with notable sex differences evident (males&gt;post-menopausal females&gt;premenopausal females). Comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes and metabolic syndrome were independently associated with the prevalence of moderate-to-severe SDB, and coincidence of any one of these with obesity was associated with a higher probability of moderate-to-severe SDB (hypertension OR 8.2, 95% CI 6.6–10.2; diabetes OR 7.8, 95% CI 5.6–10.9; metabolic syndrome OR 6.7, 95% CI 5.2–8.6). Dyslipidaemia in addition to obesity was not additively associated with the prevalence of moderate-to-severe SDB. The number of antihypertensive drugs was associated with SDB (p for trend &lt;0.001). Proportion of a high cumulative percentage of sleep time with oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry &lt;90% increased, even among moderate-to-severe SDB with increases in obesity. Metabolic comorbidities contribute to SDB regardless of the degree of obesity. We should recognise the extremely high prevalence of moderate-to-severe SDB in patients with obesity and metabolic comorbidities.
Disulfiram Treatment Normalizes Body Weight in Obese Mice
Authors: Michel Bernier, Sarah J. Mitchell, Devin Wahl, Antonio Diaz, Abhishek Singh, Wonhyo Seo, Mingy Wang, Ahmed Ali, Tamzin Kaiser, Nathan L. Price, Miguel A. Aon, Eun-Young Kim, Michael A. Petr, Huan Cai, Alessa Warren, Clara Di Germanio, Andrea Di Francesco, Ken Fishbein, Vince Guiterrez, Dylan Harney, Yen Chin Koay, John Mach, Ignacio Navas Enamorado, Tamara Pulpitel, Yushi Wang, Jing Zhang, Li Zhang, Richard G. Spencer, Kevin G. Becker, Josephine M. Egan, Edward G. Lakatta, John O’Sullivan, Mark Larance, David G. LeCouteur, Victoria C. Cogger, Bin Gao, Carlos Fernandez-Hernando, Ana Maria Cuervo, Rafael de Cabo
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2020)

Obesity is a top public health concern, and a molecule that safely treats obesity is urgently needed. Disulfiram (known commercially as Antabuse), an FDA-approved treatment for chronic alcohol addiction, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties and helps protect against certain types of cancer. Here, we show that in mice disulfiram treatment prevented body weight gain and abrogated the adverse impact of an obesogenic diet on insulin responsiveness while mitigating liver steatosis and pancreatic islet hypertrophy. Additionally, disulfiram treatment reversed established diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunctions in middle-aged mice. Reductions in feeding efficiency and increases in energy expenditure were associated with body weight regulation in response to long-term disulfiram treatment. Loss of fat tissue and an increase in liver fenestrations were also observed in rats on disulfiram. Given the potent anti-obesogenic effects in rodents, repurposing disulfiram in the clinic could represent a new strategy to treat obesity and its metabolic comorbidities.
EFFECT OF IMPLEMENTING A REGIONAL REFERRAL NETWORK ON SURGICAL REFERRAL RATE OF BENIGN POLYPS FOUND DURING A COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING PROGRAM: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY
Authors: R Rodrigues, S Geyl, J Albouys, CR de Carvalho, M Crespi, T Tabouret, A Taibi, S Durand-Fontanier, R Legros, M Dahan, P Carrier, D Sautereau, V Loustaud-Ratti, S Kerever, J Jacques
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Surgical management is too often performed as a first-line treatment for large benign colorectal polyps. We report the evolution of the management of benign lesions detected in organized colorectal cancer (CRC) screening.
ONE MORE GOOD PLACE FOR TUNNEL! COMPARATIVE RESULTS OF ENDOSCOPIC OPERATIONS FOR ZENKER´S DIVERTICULUM ON 135 CASES
Authors: K Shishin, I Nedoluzhko, I Pavlov, L Shumkina, N Kurushkina
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims The best option of treatment of Zenker´s diverticulum is still controversial. Recent data shows that same effectiveness of flexible endoscopy and traditional surgery. The only drawback of endoscopic technique is the limitation of myotomy level, which can result in the relapse of symptoms. Driven by new technologies we started to utilize the tunnel technique in patients with Zenker´s diverticulum.
COLONIC ESD WITH DOUBLE-CLIP TRACTION A REVOLUTION COMING FROM EUROPE!
Authors: J Jacques, J Albouys, R Legros, P Bordillon, C Brule, T Wallenhorst, D Sautereau, T Ponchon, M Pioche
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims ESD is the standard of care for removing large colorectal superficial lesions in Japan. In Europe, it is still debated due to good results of piece-meal EMR and mediocre results published so far by the Western teams. Colonic location is particularly challenging because of the thinness of the submucosa, the fold anatomy, poor maneuverability of the scope due to loops and respiratory movements. Our team has developed a counter-traction strategy using two clips and a dental rubberband (Double Clip Traction (DCT) strategy) to facilitate the procedure in a pilot study. The purpose of this study was to analyze the results of the systematic application of this strategy over 3 years of cases of consecutive colonic ESD.
EUS GUIDED FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION OF RENAL AND ADRENAL LESIONS. SINGLE CENTER RESTROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: S Bazaga, J Tejedor, MA Gallardo, FJ Garcia-Alonso, A Carbajo, M de Benito, M Perez-Miranda, C de la Serna
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims To describe the technique, adverse events and results of EUS-guided renal and adrenal fine needle aspiration (FNA) of radiologically indeterminate lesions.
Hopefulness of ‘Hope’
Authors: David S Pisetsky
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

'Hope’ by Dr Kushboo Sheth is a profound and moving depiction of the inner life of a rheumatologist confronting the COVID-19 viral pandemic. The feelings that Sheth describes are as varied as they are powerful and range from fear to rage to distress. Burdened by the weight of these feelings, she vows to adapt, persevere and trudge onward. Most of all, she strives to get beyond the pandemic, aspiring to be a better person whatever battering and damage may come along the way.

The feelings that Sheth describes are inescapable at this time given the upheaval that the pandemic has caused in all aspects of life. Vulnerability is universal. Anyone can infect me and I can infect anyone. Those who can infect and be infected are the same: families, friends, patients, the checkout clerk at the grocery, a random passerby walking too close to you on the sidewalk.

In this calculus, infection is a matter of bad luck or, to use a word that has fallen out of fashion, fate. Even if infection does not lead to hospitalisation, it can lead to confinement at home, an isolation tantamount to imprisonment.

What I find striking about ‘Hope’ is not the range and depth of Sheth’s feelings but rather the identity of the person who is experiencing them. Sheth is a physician. Physicians by training should be accustomed …
A CASE OF CHRONIC HEMORRHAGIC BRIGHT'S DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH AN ANOMALOUS BASOPHILIC PITUITARY GLAND
Authors: RAYMOND F.  HOLDEN JR.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1938)

Case Reports1 May 1938A CASE OF CHRONIC HEMORRHAGIC BRIGHT'S DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH AN ANOMALOUS BASOPHILIC PITUITARY GLANDRAYMOND F. HOLDEN JR.RAYMOND F. HOLDEN JR.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-11-11-2037 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt is the purpose of this report to present a case of chronic hemorrhagic Bright's disease in which a remarkable pituitary basophilism apparently contributed to the clinical picture.F. B., an unmarried Jewess of 30 years, referred by Drs. J. Eidelsberg and J. W. Wilner of New York City, entered the Rockefeller Institute Hospital May 11, 1935, with complaints of swelling of the face and lower extremities, increasing weakness, and failing vision for one and one-half years; also obesity and diabetes for 10 years.Family and Personal History. The patient was one of a family of four children; her three...Bibliography CLOSE HG: Basophil adenoma of the pituitary gland with renal changes, Brit. Med. Jr., 1935, i, 356-357. CrossrefGoogle Scholar CUSHING H: The basophil adenomas of the pituitary body and their clinical manifestations (pituitary basophilism), Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp., 1932, l, 137-195. Google Scholar CUSHING H: Hyperactivation of the neurohypophysis as the pathological basis of eclampsia and other hypertensive states, Am. Jr. Path., 1934, x, 145-176. Google Scholar HILDEBRAND KH: Zum basophilen Hypophysenadenom Cushings, Klin. Wchnschr., 1935, xiv, 951-957. CrossrefGoogle Scholar MACMAHONCLOSEHASS HEHGG: Cardiovascular renal changes associated with basophil adenoma of the anterior lobe of the pituitary (Cushing's syndrome), Am. Jr. Path., 1934, x, 177-191. Google Scholar PAGE IH: Terminal hemorrhagic nephritis: a case exemplifying the protean character of its signs and symptoms, ANN. INT. MED., 1936, ix, 1419-1427. Google Scholar PARDEE IH: Basophilic syndrome of the pituitary, Arch. Neur. and Psych., 1934, xxxi, 1007-1025. CrossrefGoogle Scholar RUSSELLEVANSCROOKE DSHAC: Two cases of basophil adenoma of the pituitary gland, Lancet, 1934, ccxxvii, 240-246. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication May 24, 1937.From the Hospital of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1938Volume 11, Issue 11Page: 2037-2043KeywordsChildrenGlomerulonephritisInflammationObesityPituitary glandVision ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1938 PDF downloadLoading ...
Receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Authors: P Stahl, A L Schwartz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a process whereby extraceilular macromolecules and particles gain entry to the intracellular en- vironment (1-3).This process is common to virtually all eu- karyotic cells except the mature erythrocyte.Cells use receptormediated endocytosis for a wide variety of functions.The most obvious of these activities is nutritional but others include host defense, transport, and processing.Some of these are listed in Table I.At least seven broad classes of ligand receptor systems involve receptor-mediated endocytosis (Table I).In general, macromolecular ligands bind to specific cell surface receptors which move to and cluster within specialized regions of the plasma membrane termed "coated pits" (4).These 0. l-,gm diam invaginations of the plasma membrane (5, 6) demonstrate a characteristic fuzzy cytoplasmic border when viewed in the transmission electron microscope (Fig. 1).This cytoplasmic coat is composed ofa family ofproteins with the major species having a molecular weight of 180,000 D, termed "clathrin" (7).In ad- dition, these coat proteins generally include a pair ofpolypeptides of 33,000-35,000 D (referred to as clathrin light chains), a group of proteins of 100,000-1 10,000 D, a 50,000-D phosphoprotein, and the variable presence of a 56,000 D protein (most probably tubulin) (8).In vitro and presumably in vivo, clathrin proteins self-assemble into a structure containing three heavy and three light chains.This structure has been termed a triskelion, denoting its three-legged appearance (9).When viewed as a rapid-freeze etched image under the scanning electron microscope, the coated pits and their progeny, the coated vesicles, appear as a cagelike structure composed of a polygonal lattice of hexagons and pentagons (10) (Fig. 2).The arrangement of the clathrin triskelions in cages is suggested by the shape and lengths ofthe arms, which appear to span two sides ofthe lattice.In all observed cage structures, three edges join at a vertex.Thus the assembly and packing of clathrin into the hexagons and pentagons may be analogous to the situation in spherical viruses (8, 1 1).In general, coated pits comprise 1-2% of the plasma membrane surface area of most cells (although certain types may contain much larger pro- portions).Once receptors are bound with their appropriate ligands within the coated pits, the pits pinch off from the plasmalemma and become coated vesicles (50-150-nm diam) (12).This process ofcoated vesicle formation is simultaneous with the loss of ligand and receptor from the cell surface (i.e., internalization).Coated vesicles contain an abundance of both receptors and structural proteins.Receptors appear to randomly reside among the coated pits (13).Current data suggest that some coated pits Receivedfor
LEARNING CURVE OF EUS-GUIDED TISSUE ACQUISITION, A TIMELAPSE STUDY AT A NEWLY ESTABLISHED EUS SERVICE
Authors: A Constantinescu, V Sandru, B Ungureanu, T Ciurea, V Simion, M Ilie, V Ionescu, R Bala, V Daniel, R Plescuta, A Butuc, E Rinja, G Constantinescu
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims EUS is gaining ground in todays diagnostic routine due to its ability to get dynamic, accurate representation of peri-gastro-duodenal structures, but mostly due to its capability of obtaining tissue samples amenable to histopathologic studies.
Allergen Specificity in Specific IgE Cutoff
Authors: Ann-Marie Malby Schoos, Simone Møbius Hansen, Frederikke Rosenvinge Skov, Jakob Stokholm, Klaus Bønnelykke, Hans Bisgaard, Bo Lund Chawes
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Discussion | Use of legal performance-enhancing substances among young adult men (aged 18-26 years) was significantly prospectively associated with anabolic-androgenic steroid use at 7-year follow-up (aged 24-32 years).To our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal investigation of this association among a nationally representative sample.Results suggest that legal performance-enhancing substance use may serve as a gateway to anabolic-androgenic steroid use.This has significant implications for regulation of legal performance-enhancing substances, which are relatively common among the adolescent and young adult population, 1,2 accessible over the counter, and unregulated by the US Food and Drug Administration. 4 The notion that use of legal performance-enhancing substances may lead to a 3-fold increased risk for future use of illicit anabolicandrogenic steroids provides support for increasing state and federal regulation of these products.Limitations to this study include self-reported data, lifetime (as opposed to 12-month) assessment of anabolic-androgenic steroids use, inability to distinguish between prescription or nonprescription anabolicandrogenic steroid use, and inability to analyze associations between specific substances (ie, creatine monohydrate or androstenedione) and anabolic-androgenic steroid use. Conclusions |The current study suggests that use of performance-enhancing substances among young men may increase vulnerability for anabolic-androgenic steroid use in young adulthood.Health care professionals should monitor and screen for anabolic-androgenic steroid use among adult men who have previously used legal performance-enhancing substances and refer patients to mental health and substance abuse treatment when appropriate.
THE ROLE OF LINEAR EUS IN DIAGNOSIS OF EXTRAHEPATIC PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS: A PICTORIAL REVIEW OF 2 CASE REPORTS
Authors: B Natarajan, M Shariff
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Early diagnosis of PSC is challenging. Current guidelines recommend MRCP as primary modality. If inconclusive, ERCP is recommended. EUS is a relatively low risk procedure which may have a role in diagnosis of PSC.
Infection-induced plasmablasts are a nutrient sink that impairs humoral immunity to malaria
Authors: Rahul Vijay, Jenna J. Guthmiller, Alexandria J. Sturtz, Fionna A. Surette, Kai J. Rogers, Ramakrishna R. Sompallae, Fengyin Li, Rosemary L. Pope, Jo-Anne Chan, Fabian de Labastida Rivera, Dean Andrew, Lachlan Webb, Wendy J. Maury, Hai-Hui Xue, Christian R. Engwerda, James S. McCarthy, Michelle J. Boyle, Noah S. Butler
Journal: Nature Immunology (2020)
CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION OF EGC WITH UNDIFFERENTIATED TYPE HISTOLOGY
Authors: JJ Park, WS Kim, SM Kim, AY Yoo, HJ Chun, SH Kim, SW Lee, CH Yang
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Clinical efficacy of endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer (EGC) with undifferentiated type histology are still under controversy. We aimed in this study to evaluate the clinical outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of EGC with undifferentiated type histology.
FEASIBILITY OF ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION FOR SPORADIC NEOPLASMS IN PATIENTS WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Authors: T Maehata, K Takabayashi, K Fukuhara, M Mizutani, K Tsutsumi, Y Kiguchi, T Akimoto, Y Takatori, A Nakayama, M Kato, Y Iwao, N Yahagi
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims In patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), sporadic neoplasms (SN) can also occur in addition to UC-associated colorectal cancer/dysplasia (UCAC). Recently, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of SN for diagnostic purposes has been reported. However, here is no consensus regarding ESD. We retrospectively evaluated the feasibility of ESD for SN.
A SECOND ATTEMPT OF CBD CANNULATION AFTER ERCP FAILURE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND POOLED ANALYSIS
Authors: A Tringali, F Pozzato, E Piovesana, M Rinaldi, A Graziotto, D Adler
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims ERCP initially fails in 10% to 20% of patients of difficult anatomy/inability to cannulate the papilla. In such instances, the indication for repeating biliary intervention should be carefully reconsidered. We assess the efficacy and safety of the second attempt after first ERCP failure.
LONG-TERM ONCOLOGIC SAFETY OF SELF EXPANDABLE METAL STENT AS A BRIDGE TO SURGERY FOR OBSTRUCTING COLON CANCER
Authors: S Jang, B Keum, SH Kim, KW Lee, HJ Jeon, SJ Choi, JM Lee, HS Choi, ES Kim, YT Jeen, HS Lee, HJ Chun
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims About 10-25% patients of colorectal cancer suffer from acute colonic obstruction. Traditional management of acute malignant bowel obstruction has focused on emergency resection but showed high mortality and morbidity rates. Recently, placement of a self-expanding metal stent(SEMS) was widely used and SEMS seems to be as a safe and effective “bridge to surgery” and to offer good palliation. But there is concern about long-term survival after the use of SEMS. To identify oncologic safety, we surveyed long-term survival of malignant colonic obstruction using SEMS placement.
USE OF ROADMAP FLUOROSCOPY IN UPPER GI ENDOSCOPY
Authors: J Weigt, W Elhossary, W Obst, P Maciej
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Road Map fluoropscopy (RM) is a radiologic technique that enables visualization of anatomic structures using image subtraction at peak opacification. Our group has reported positive initial experience using RM during interventions.