tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Covid-19: Experts question guidance to reuse PPE
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 1E receptor is highly expressed in the human frontal cortex and hippocampus, and this distribution suggests the function of 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptors might be linked to memory. To test this hypothesis, behavioral experiments are needed. Because rats and mice lack a 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor gene, knockout strategies cannot be used to elucidate this receptor9s functions. Thus, selective pharmacological tools must be developed. The tryptamine-related agonist BRL54443 [5-hydroxy-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-1<i>H</i>-indole] is one of the few agents that binds 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptors with high affinity and some selectively; unfortunately, it binds equally well to 5-HT<sub>1F</sub> receptors (<i>K</i><sub>i</sub> ≈ 1 nM). The differences between tryptamine binding requirements of these two receptor populations have never been extensively explored; this must be done to guide the design of analogs with greater selectivity for 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptors versus 5-HT<sub>1F</sub> receptors. Previously, we determined the receptor binding affinities of a large series of tryptamine analogs at the 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor; we now examine the affinities of this same series of compounds at 5-HT<sub>1F</sub> receptors. The affinities of these compounds at 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> and 5-HT<sub>1F</sub> receptors were found to be highly correlated (<i>r</i> = 0.81). All high-affinity compounds were full agonists at both receptor populations. We identified 5-<i>N</i>-butyryloxy-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethyltryptamine as a novel 5-HT<sub>1F</sub> receptor agonist with &gt;60-fold selectivity versus 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptors. There is significant overlap between 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> and 5-HT<sub>1F</sub> receptor orthosteric binding properties; thus, identification of 5-HT<sub>1E</sub>-selective orthosteric ligands will be difficult. The insights generated from this study will inform future drug development and molecular modeling studies for both 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> and 5-HT<sub>1F</sub> receptors.
The First Homozygous RPS19 Mutation Identified in a Diamond-Blackfan Anemia Patient Is Not Deleterious.
Authors: Aurore Cretien, Patricia Rince, Thierry Leblanc, Rolande Ducrocq, Alexis Proust, Isabelle Marie, Jean Delaunay, Mohandas Narla, Gil Tchernia, Lydie Da Costa
Journal: Blood (2005)
Prevalence and determinants of hypertension unawareness in Egyptian adults: a cross-sectional study of data from the 2015 Egyptian Health Issues Study
Authors: Saeed S Soliman, Emily H Guseman, Zelalem T Haile, Gillian H Ice
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2020)

BackgroundHypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease that affects 1·3 billion people and accounts for 17·9 million deaths worldwide annually. Most deaths from hypertension (around 75%) are in low-income and middle-income countries where hypertension prevalence is higher but control and population awareness of the condition are lower. Approximately 26% of Egyptian adults meet criteria for hypertension, but the prevalence of hypertension unawareness is unknown in this population. Here, we aim to assess prevalence and predictors of hypertension unawareness in Egyptian adults.MethodsWe undertook a cross-sectional study using data from the 2015 Egyptian Health Issues Survey (EHIS). We included data from respondents aged 18–59 years. The outcome of interest was hypertension unawareness, defined by objectively measured blood pressure done during the EHIS survey and a self-reported unawareness of hypertension status. We used descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression for analysis.FindingsWe analysed data from 2869 participants; 1915 of the respondents (65·5%) were in the 40–59 year age group, and 1639 respondents (56·5%) were women. More than half (56%) of EHIS respondents were unaware of their hypertension. The likelihood of hypertension unawareness was higher in participants aged 18–39 years than in those aged 40–59 years (odds ratio 1·91 [95% CI 1·48 −2·47]); men than in women (2·59 [1·85–3·62]; and never married compared with currently married participants (1·96 [1·19–3·24]). Compared with those who had college level education, hypertension unawareness was more likely in participants who had no education (2·21 [1·45–3·38], primary education (1·80 [1·20–2·70]), and secondary education (1·71 [1·21–2·40]). Additionally, hypertension unawareness was more likely in participants who had normal BMI than in those who were obese (1·82 [1·26–2·65]); and more likely in healthy participants than in those who had at least one chronic illness (4·53 [3·29–6·24]).InterpretationMore than half of Egyptian adults with hypertension are unaware of their condition. Those typically at lowest risk for hypertension appear to be at highest risk for hypertension unawareness. Younger, healthier, and less educated men are least likely to know of their hypertension. Our findings suggest the need for a targeted health education campaign and regular blood pressure screening in Egypt.FundingNone
Short-term hemodynamic effects of β-blockers influence survival of patients with decompensated cirrhosis
Authors: Edilmar Alvarado-Tapias, Alba Ardevol, Marta Garcia-Guix, Rosa Montañés, Oana Pavel, Berta Cuyas, Isabel Graupera, Anna Brujats, David Vilades, Alan Colomo, Maria Poca, Xavier Torras, Carlos Guarner, Mar Concepción, Carles Aracil, Ferran Torres, Càndid Villanueva
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Immune and Cytogenetic Perturbations after G-CSF Mobilization in Normal Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Donors
Authors: Caroline Marmier-Savet, Eric Deconinck, Fabrice Larosa, Suzanne Mathieu-Nafissi, Faezeh Legrand, Brigitte Witz, Caroline Bonmati, Dana Ranta, Maribel Tavernier, Mauricette Michallet, Pascale Louvat, Marc Puyraveau, Nicole Raus, Olivier Hequet, Francis Witz, Marie-Agnes Collonge Rame, Fabienne Pouthier, Jean-Luc Bresson, Pierre Tiberghien, Eric Robinet
Journal: Blood (2008)
Targeting Neoantigens in Hepatocellular Carcinoma for Immunotherapy: A Futile Strategy?
Authors: Ligong Lu, Jun Jiang, Meixiao Zhan, Hui Zhang, Qian‐Ting Wang, Sheng‐Nan Sun, Xiao‐Kai Guo, Hua Yin, Yadong Wei, Jun O. Liu, Shi‐You Li, Yong Li, You‐Wen He
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Lu, Ligong; Jiang, Jun; Zhan, Meixiao; Zhang, Hui; Wang, Qian‐Ting; Sun, Sheng‐Nan; Guo, Xiao‐Kai; Yin, Hua; Wei, Yadong; Liu, Jun O.; Li, Shi‐You; Li, Yong; He, You‐Wen Author Information
Ptosis that resolves with application of an ice pack
Authors: Arup Chakraborty, John Jacob
Journal: BMJ (2020)

A man in his 50s presented with a one week history of left sided ptosis and difficulty swallowing. The ptosis was absent on waking, worsened during the day, and improved after rest. His medical history included hypertension. Apart from bilateral ptosis that was worse on the left (fig 1), clinical examination was unremarkable. Application of an ice pack to the left eye for five minutes led to improvement of the ptosis on that side. The ptosis recurred 20-30 minutes after the ice pack was removed.



Fig 1 
Patient on presentation and after application of ice pack



Within two weeks of the initial presentation, the patient …
Estrogen Signaling and Portopulmonary Hypertension: The Pulmonary Vascular Complications of Liver Disease Study (PVCLD2)
Authors: Nadine Al‐Naamani, Michael J. Krowka, Kimberly A. Forde, Karen L. Krok, Rui Feng, Gustavo A. Heresi, Raed A. Dweik, Sonja Bartolome, Todd M. Bull, Kari E. Roberts, Eric D. Austin, Anna R. Hemnes, Mamta J. Patel, Jae K. Oh, Grace Lin, Margaret F. Doyle, Nina Denver, Ruth Andrew, Margaret R. MacLean, Michael B. Fallon, Steven M. Kawut
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Portopulmonary hypertension (POPH) was previously associated with a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7175922 in aromatase (cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 [CYP19A1]). We sought to determine whether genetic variants and metabolites in the estrogen signaling pathway are associated with POPH.We performed a multicenter case-control study. POPH patients had mean pulmonary artery pressure >25 mm Hg, pulmonary vascular resistance >240 dyn-sec/cm-5 , and pulmonary artery wedge pressure ≤15 mm Hg without another cause of pulmonary hypertension. Controls had advanced liver disease, right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure <40 mm Hg, and normal RV function by echocardiography. We genotyped three SNPs in CYP19A1 and CYP1B1 using TaqMan and imputed SNPs in estrogen receptor 1 using genome-wide markers. Estrogen metabolites were measured in blood and urine samples. There were 37 patients with POPH and 290 controls. Mean age was 57 years, and 36% were female. The risk allele A in rs7175922 (CYP19A1) was significantly associated with higher levels of estradiol (P = 0.02) and an increased risk of POPH (odds ratio [OR], 2.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-4.91; P = 0.02) whereas other SNPs were not. Lower urinary 2-hydroxyestrogen/16-α-hydroxyestrone (OR per 1-ln decrease = 2.04; 95% CI, 1.16-3.57; P = 0.01), lower plasma levels of dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (OR per 1-ln decrease = 2.38; 95% CI, 1.56-3.85; P < 0.001), and higher plasma levels of 16-α-hydroxyestradiol (OR per 1-ln increase = 2.16; 95% CI, 1.61-2.98; P < 0.001) were associated with POPH.Genetic variation in aromatase and changes in estrogen metabolites were associated with POPH.
High-flow nasal cannula for COVID-19 patients: low risk of bio-aerosol dispersion
Authors: Jie Li, James B. Fink, Stephan Ehrmann
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

<b>Bio-aerosol dispersion <i>via</i> high-flow nasal cannula shows a similar risk to standard oxygen masks. High-flow nasal prongs with a surgical mask on the patient9s face might benefit hypoxaemic COVID-19 patients without added risk for the environment.</b>https://bit.ly/34p7Fyy
Assessing Surgical Coaching, a Sport in Its Infancy
Authors: Angela L. Neville, Christine Dauphine, Christian de Virgilio
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
National survey of advanced prostate cancer patients reveals disparity between perceptions and reality of treatment
Authors: T. N. Kirk, M. A. Moyad
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

8590 Background: Over 50,000 men developed hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) in 2005 (CancerMetrics 2005). The objective of this analysis is to understand patient attitudes towards advancing prostate cancer (PC) and treatment. Methods: Patients were recruited from NexCura’s database of users and links from PC websites: UsTOO, PCRI, PCF and PAACT. Board certified physicians who treat HRPC were recruited by J. Reckner &amp; Assoc. Responses were collected via online survey and analyzed by TSC, a division of Yankelovich. Grant funding from Abbott. The scale was “agree”, strongly agree”, “disagree” or “strongly disagree.” Results: 409 HRPC patients (P), 236 caregivers (C), 100 urologists (U) and 104 oncologists (O) participated. 45% of patients have metastatic HRPC. Mean patient age was 65.7 and age at diagnosis was 60.2. Conclusions: Many patients and caregivers have difficulty with advancing PC. Respondents recognize the survival benefit associated with chemotherapy, but attitude on its impact on quality of life varies significantly. Disparity exists between patients, caregivers and physicians on the impact of treatment on quality of life. Additional education, enhanced dialogue and additional treatment options are needed for HRPC patients, caregivers and physicians. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Impact of Conditioning Regimen in Allogeneic Hematopoetic Stem Cell Tansplant for Children with AML beyond the First Complete Remission: Total Body Irradiation Versus Busulfan- a Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Consortium (PBMTC) Study
Authors: India Sisler, Jennifer Domm, Robin Ryan, John E. Levine, Michael Pulsipher, Paul R. Haut, Kirk R. Schultz, Tatsuki Koyama, Elizabeth Koehler, Haydar Frangoul
Journal: Blood (2008)
Abstract A01: <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> and clinicopathologic features of colorectal carcinoma: Results from the ColoCare Study
Authors: Yannick Eisele, Patrick M. Mallea, Biljana Gigic, W. Zac Stephens, Christy A. Warby, Kate Buhrke, Tengda Lin, Petra Schrotz-King, Sheetal Hardikar, Lyen C. Huang, T. Bartley Pickron, Courtney Scaife, Torsten Koelsch, Anita R. Peoples, Maria A. Pletneva, Mary Bronner, Martin Schneider, Alexis B. Ulrich, Eric A. Swanson, Adetunji T. Toriola, Hans Hauner, June Round, Cornelia M. Ulrich, Andreana N. Holowatyj, Jennifer Ose
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Background: Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), an oral commensal involved in a wide spectrum of infections, has recently been implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) etiology. However, the role of Fn in treatment-naïve CRC patients remains unclear. Therefore, we assessed whether Fn abundance is associated with clinicopathologic characteristics among treatment-naïve CRC patients enrolled in the prospective ColoCare Study. Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR was used to amplify and detect Fn DNA in fecal samples collected prior to surgery from 105 patients. We utilized multivariable regression analysis to investigate associations between Fn abundance and sex, age at surgery, BMI, tumor stage, tumor grade, tumor site, infection with H. pylori, microsatellite instability, alcohol consumption, and smoking history by adjusting for sex, age at surgery, cohort, and BMI. Results: Compared to patients with undetectable or low abundance of Fn, patients with higher abundance of Fn were more likely to be diagnosed with rectal cancer than colon cancer (Odds Ratio [OR] = 3.01, 95% CI 1.06-8.57 P=0.04). Categorizing the colon into right-sided (proximal) and left-sided (distal) showed that patients with a high abundance of Fn were also more likely to be diagnosed with rectal cancer compared to right-sided colon cancer (OR=5.32, 95% CI 1.23-22.98 P=0.03), thus suggesting an increasing risk of cancer diagnosis along the bowel towards the rectum. Conclusion: Our study sheds light on the association of high abundance of Fn in fecal biospecimen with colorectal carcinogenesis, which may support future preventive or diagnostic measures. Citation Format: Yannick Eisele, Patrick M. Mallea, Biljana Gigic, W. Zac Stephens, Christy A. Warby, Kate Buhrke, Tengda Lin, Petra Schrotz-King, Sheetal Hardikar, Lyen C. Huang, T. Bartley Pickron, Courtney Scaife, Torsten Koelsch, Anita R. Peoples, Maria A. Pletneva, Mary Bronner, Martin Schneider, Alexis B. Ulrich, Eric A. Swanson, Adetunji T. Toriola, Hans Hauner, June Round, Cornelia M. Ulrich, Andreana N. Holowatyj, Jennifer Ose. Fusobacterium nucleatum and clinicopathologic features of colorectal carcinoma: Results from the ColoCare Study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Microbiome, Viruses, and Cancer; 2020 Feb 21-24; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(8 Suppl):Abstract nr A01.
Appropriateness of Percutaneous Coronary Interventions in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease in US Department of Veterans Affairs Hospitals From 2013 to 2015
Authors: Paul L. Hess, Vinay Kini, Wenhui Liu, Paola Roldan, Patrick Autruong, Gary K. Grunwald, Colin O’Donnell, Jacob A. Doll, P. Michael Ho, Steven M. Bradley
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> In hospitals outside of the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) system, 1 in 10 percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) for stable coronary artery disease is considered rarely appropriate by the appropriate use criteria, with variation across hospitals. The appropriateness of PCIs in VA hospitals has not been documented. <h3>Objective</h3> To characterize the appropriateness of PCIs in VA hospitals. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This retrospective cohort study included patients with stable coronary artery disease undergoing elective PCI from November 1, 2013, to October 31, 2015, within the VA Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking Program, an operational program that includes 59 VA hospitals. Data were analyzed from March 1, 2019, to August 8, 2019. <h3>Exposures</h3> Elective PCI at a VA hospital. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Proportion of PCIs classified as appropriate, may be appropriate, or rarely appropriate; extent of hospital-level variation in rarely appropriate PCIs using criteria issued by cardiovascular professional societies in 2012. The extent of hospital-level variation in rates of rarely appropriate PCI was characterized using hospital proportions and random-effect logistic regression. <h3>Results</h3> Among 2611 patients undergoing elective PCI (mean [SD] age, 66.3 [7.6] years; 2577 [98.7%] men) at 59 hospitals, a total of 778 PCIs (29.8%) were classified as appropriate, 1561 PCIs (59.8%) were classified as may be appropriate, and 272 PCIs (10.4%) were classified as rarely appropriate. Rarely appropriate PCIs were more commonly performed in patients who had low-risk stress test findings (220 patients [89.1%]), who were taking no (100 patients [36.8%]) or 1 (167 patients [61.4%]) antianginal medication, or who had 1 coronary artery stenosis (185 patients [68.0%]). The unadjusted hospital-level rates of rarely appropriate PCIs ranged from 0% to 28.6%, with a median (interquartile range) of 9.7% (6.3%-13.9%). Random-effect models yielded an estimated median (interquartile range) rate of rarely appropriate PCI of 10.4% (8.7%-12.3%). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> These findings suggest that in VA practice, most PCIs for stable coronary artery disease were classified as appropriate or may be appropriate. However, 1 in 10 PCIs was classified as rarely appropriate, with variation across VA hospitals. Efforts to improve patient selection are needed.
Sex Disparities in Cardiovascular Outcome Trials of Populations With Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kristin K. Clemens, Mark Woodward, Bruce Neal, Bernard Zinman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

BACKGROUND Sex differences have been described in diabetes cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs). PURPOSE We systematically reviewed for baseline sex differences in cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and CV protection therapy in diabetes CVOTs. DATA SOURCES Randomized placebo-controlled trials examining the effect of diabetes medications on major adverse cardiovascular events in people ≥18 years of age with type 2 diabetes. STUDY SELECTION Included trials reported baseline sex-specific CV risks and use of CV protection therapy. DATA EXTRACTION Two reviewers independently abstracted study data. DATA SYNTHESIS We included five CVOTs with 46,606 participants. We summarized sex-specific data using mean differences (MDs) and relative risks (RRs) and pooled estimates using random effects meta-analysis. There were fewer women than men in included trials (28.5–35.8% women). Women more often had stroke (RR 1.28; 95% CI 1.09, 1.50), heart failure (RR 1.30; 95% CI 1.21,1.40), and chronic kidney disease (RR 1.33; 95% CI 1.17; 1.51). They less often used statins (RR 0.90; 95% CI 0.86, 0.93), aspirin (RR 0.82; 95% CI 0.71, 0.95), and β-blockers (RR 0.93; 95% CI 0.88, 0.97) and had a higher systolic blood pressure (MD 1.66 mmHg; 95% CI 0.90, 2.41), LDL cholesterol (MD 0.34 mmol/L; 95% CI 0.29, 0.39), and hemoglobin A1c (MD 0.11%; 95% CI 0.09, 0.14 [1.2 mmol/mol; 1.0, 1.5]) than men. LIMITATIONS We could not carry out subgroup analyses due to the small number of studies. Our study is not generalizable to low CV risk groups nor to patients in routine care. CONCLUSIONS There were baseline sex disparities in diabetes CVOTs. We suggest efforts to recruit women into trials and promote CV management across the sexes.
Evolution of GluN2A/B cytoplasmic domains diversified vertebrate synaptic plasticity and behavior (vol 16, pg 25, 2013)
Authors: Tomas J Ryan, Maksym V Kopanitsa, Tim Indersmitten, Jess Nithianantharajah, Nurudeen O Afinowi, Charles Pettit, Lianne E Stanford, Rolf Sprengel, Lisa M Saksida, Timothy J Bussey, Thomas J O'Dell, Seth Gn Grant, Noboru H Komiyama
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2013)
Saliva is a reliable tool to detect SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Lorenzo Azzi, Giulio Carcano, Francesco Gianfagna, Paolo Grossi, Daniela Dalla Gasperina, Angelo Genoni, Mauro Fasano, Fausto Sessa, Lucia Tettamanti, Francesco Carinci, Vittorio Maurino, Agostino Rossi, Angelo Tagliabue, Andreina Baj
Journal: Journal of Infection (2020)

This study analyzed salivary samples of COVID-19 patients and compared the results with their clinical and laboratory data.
Brentuximab Vedotin Plus Doxorubicin, Vinblastine, Dacarbazine (A+AVD) As Frontline Therapy Demonstrates Superior Modified Progression-Free Survival Versus ABVD in Patients with Previously Untreated Stage III or IV Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL): The Phase 3 Echelon-1 Study
Authors: Joseph M Connors, Wojciech Jurczak, David J. Straus, Stephen M Ansell, Won Seog Kim, Andrea Gallamini, Anas Younes, Sergei Alekseev, Arpad Illes, Marco Picardi, Ewa Lech-Maranda, Yasuhiro Oki, Tatyana A Feldman, Piotr Smolewski, Kerry J Savage, Nancy L. Bartlett, Jan Walewski, Robert W. Chen, Rod Ramchandren, Pier Luigi Zinzani, David Cunningham, Dae Seog Heo, Andras Rosta, Neil Josephson, Katherine L. Ruffner, Jessica Sachs, Rachael Liu, Hina Jolin, Dirk Huebner, John A. Radford
Journal: Blood (2017)