tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genomic characterization of sub-centimeter pulmonary nodules.
Authors: Muyun Peng, Guanlan Xing, Bingyu Zhang, Yaping Xu, Fenglei Yu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e13530 Background: There has been a dramatic increase in the detection of indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs), many of which are 10 mm or less in diameter. The management of subcentimeter pulmonary nodules remains controversial. Deciphering the genomic landscape of subcentimeter pulmonary nodules will provide critical insights to the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and pave the way for the early prevention and interception of lung cancer. Methods: We subjected 439 IPN samples including 249 subcentimeter pulmonary nodules (≤10 mm in diameter) and 190 larger pulmonary nodules (&gt;10 and ≤30mm in diameter) to deep next generation sequencing by using customized panels of 1021 genes. Clinical parameters of these IPNs were collected. The genomic landscape of subcentimeter pulmonary nodules and differences from that of larger pulmonary nodules were defined. Results: The proportions of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH), adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) and invasive adenocarcinoma (ADC) in the subcentimeter group and the larger nodule group were 2.81% vs 0.00%, 13.25% vs 0.80%, 28.92% vs 4.82% and 55.02% vs 70.68%, respectively. The most commonly mutated genes in subcentimeter group were in EGFR, ERBB2, BRAF, MED12 and MAP2K1. Compared with the larger nodule group, the subcentimeter nodule group had lower TMB ( p&lt; 0.0001), lower mutation frequencies in EGFR, TP53, RBM10, and SMARCA4 ( p&lt; 0.05), but higher mutation frequencies in ERBB2, BRAF, MAP2K1, and TSC1 ( p&lt; 0.05). In the subset of ADC, the subcentimeter nodule group had lower TMB ( p&lt; 0.0001), lower mutation frequencies in EGFR, TP53, RBM10, and PIK3CA ( p&lt; 0.05), but higher mutation frequencies in ERBB2, BRAF ( p&lt; 0.05). Clonal index analysis of driver genes in lung adenocarcinoma showed that the larger nodule group had more driver mutations, but the clonality index of BRAF was higher in the subcentimeter group ( p= 0.0014). Furthermore, in the subcentimeter nodule group, the mutation frequency of BRAF was significantly higher in pre-invasive group (AAH/AIS) than that in the invasive group (IAC). And BRAF and EGFR were significantly mutually exclusive ( q&lt; 0.001) in subcentimeter nodules, which showed the subgroup with BRAF mutations was a special subtype. Conclusions: Our results provided the distinct mutation pattern of subcentimeter nodules and showed that BRAF could play different roles in early phase of lung carcinogenesis. It would be helpful for understanding the genomic evolution mechanisms underlying the progression and invasiveness of early lung adenocarcinoma.
改良深静脉穿刺置管术在临床中的应用
Authors: 卢建雄, 杨月嫦, 陶燕平
Journal: BMJ (2012)

114例社区卫生服务中心住院的老年患者进行右侧锁骨下静脉穿刺,分为常规置管(57例)和改良方法置管(57例).常规组发生颈内静脉异位6例(10.5％),改良组为0例,两组发生率差异有统计学意义(P =0.027).老年患者锁骨下静脉改良置管术可减少导管误入同侧颈内静脉的发生。
以双肘关节疼痛为首发症状的急性心肌梗死一例
Authors: 任永林, 肖润平
Journal: BMJ (2004)

患者男,70岁,因双侧肘关节疼痛1 h于2003年1月10日入院.患者于当天21:00用力排便时突然出现双侧肘关节疼痛,向双侧肩部放散,伴全身大汗、恶心、四肢发凉,无心悸、胸闷、胸痛及呼吸困难.急呼120来诊.体格检查:血压120/75 mm Hg(16/10 kPa),神志清楚,急性痛苦面容,双侧肘关节活动自如,无红肿热痛;双侧肱动脉搏动良好,局部皮温及肤色正常;双肺呼吸音清,心脏无增大,心率95次/min,偶闻早搏,各听诊区未闻及杂音.心电图检查提示,V1-5ST段抬高大于0.1 mV,且弓背向上呈单向曲线,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、avF ST段水平下移,偶发房性早搏,确诊急性广泛前壁心肌梗死.予以尿激酶150万单位静脉溶栓治疗.1 h后双侧肘关节疼痛明显减轻,心电图出现短阵性加速性室性心动过速,V1-5ST段恢复正常.其后动态观察心肌酶谱改变,符合急性心肌梗死酶学演变。
Recent research on risk factors, prevention and treatment of acute pelvic inflammatory disease
Authors: 祁君, 许昕
Journal: BMJ (2010)

急性盆腔炎是妇科常见的急腹症之一,其发病急、病情重、病势进展迅速,若延误治疗可发展为脓毒血症、败血症、感染性休克,对女性的身心伤害较大,直接影响到女性生殖能力、日常工作及家庭生活质量.近年来,急性盆腔炎发病率呈上升趋势[1],现对急性盆腔炎发病的相关因素和防治研究近况综述如下。
上海市全科医学学科建设与人才培养的回顾和发展愿景
Authors: 张勘
Journal: BMJ (2008)

目前,我国从事社区卫生服务工作的人员,包括上海卫生系统在内,无论从知识结构、技术水平和服务水平,都不能满足老百姓日益增长的卫生服务需求.如何使全科医师的素质得以根本提高,使居民愿意将自己的身心健康和基本卫生保健,放心地托付给他们,无疑还面临着巨大的挑战。
Abstract 12307: Androgen Activates Tgf-beta Induced Aortic Smooth Muscle Differentiation in Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm of Marfan Syndrome Male Mice
Authors: Yasushi Tashima
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Contractile protein markers are greatly increased in Marfan aneurysm. In animal model of MFS, the ascending aortic contractility in male are more increased than female. Hypothesis: An...
Children are being sidelined by covid-19
Authors: Ian Sinha, Davara Bennett, David C Taylor-Robinson
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Owing to the methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) produced by rumen fermentation, ruminants are a source of greenhouse gas (GHG) and are perceived as a problem. We propose that with appropriate regenerative crop and grazing management, ruminants not only reduce overall GHG emissions, but also facilitate provision of essential ecosystem services, increase soil carbon (C) sequestration, and reduce environmental damage. We tested our hypothesis by examining biophysical impacts and the magnitude of all GHG emissions from key agricultural production activities, including comparisons of arable- and pastoral-based agroecosystems. Our assessment shows that globally, GHG emissions from domestic ruminants represent 11.6% (1.58 Gt C y<sup>−1</sup>) of total anthropogenic emissions, while cropping and soil-associated emissions contribute 13.7% (1.86 Gt C y<sup>−1</sup>). The primary source is soil erosion (1 Gt C y<sup>−1</sup>), which in the United States alone is estimated at 1.72 Gt of soil y<sup>−1</sup>. Permanent cover of forage plants is highly effective in reducing soil erosion, and ruminants consuming only grazed forages under appropriate management result in more C sequestration than emissions. Incorporating forages and ruminants into regeneratively managed agroecosystems can elevate soil organic C, improve soil ecological function by minimizing the damage of tillage and inorganic fertilizers and biocides, and enhance biodiversity and wildlife habitat. We conclude that to ensure long-term sustainability and ecological resilience of agroecosystems, agricultural production should be guided by policies and regenerative management protocols that include ruminant grazing. Collectively, conservation agriculture supports ecologically healthy, resilient agroecosystems and simultaneously mitigates large quantities of anthropogenic GHG emissions.
Peripheral iridotomy with combination of semiconductor laser 532 and YAG laser for primary angleclosure glaucoma
Authors: 杨乔
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Peripheral iridotomy using combination of semiconductor laser 532 and YAG laser was performed on 35 eyes of 29 patients. All procedures were performed successfully and there was no significant change in visual acuity after treatment. One week after treatment, the intraocular pressure was 6.99 - 20.08 mm Hg(0.93 -2.67 kPa). Peripheral anterior chamber angles were all widened, no acceleration of lens opacity was observed. Combination of semiconductor laser and YAG laser peripheral iridotomy are safe and effective for angle closure treatment and can be performed in community hospitals.

Key words: 
Glaucoma,angle-closure ;  Laser surgery ;
Impact of utilization management policy on uptake of hypofractionated radiation in early-stage breast cancer.
Authors: Winnie Chi, Ravi Bharat Parikh, Ezra Fishman, Robert Paul Zimmerman, Atul Gupta, John Barron, Gosia Sylwestrzak, Justin E. Bekelman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

7015 Background: While hypofractionated radiation (HFR) after breast-conserving surgery is a cost-effective, patient-centered treatment in early-stage breast cancer (ESBC), less than 40% of eligible women received it in 2013. In 2016, a large commercial payer implemented a utilization management policy to encourage HFR for eligible women through denying reimbursement for extended-course radiation. We assessed the impact of the policy on HFR use and associated spending. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, adjusted difference-in-differences analysis using administrative claims of women continuously enrolled in 14 geographically diverse commercial health plans covering 6.9% of US adult women. The study population included women aged 18 or older with ESBC who were eligible for HFR according to 2011 guidelines from the American Society for Radiation Oncology. Women who received mastectomy, brachytherapy, or &lt; 11 or &gt; 40 external beam fractions were excluded. We compared HFR use and associated spending between women in fully-insured and Medicare Advantage (fully-insured) plans for whom the policy applied vs. self-insured or Medicare supplemental insurance (self-insured) plans for whom the policy did not apply. We adjusted for age, comorbidity, region, Medicare enrollment, and prior chemotherapy. Results: Among 10,540 eligible women, 3,619 (34%) were in fully insured plans and thus subject to the policy. There were no meaningful differences in mean age (63.8 vs. 65.0), Charlson comorbidity index (3.0 vs. 3.2), or practice setting between the fully-insured and self-insured groups. The policy was associated with an increase in HFR (4.2 adjusted percentage point difference-in-difference [ppd], 95% CI 0.0 to 8.4, p = 0.051) and a non-significant decrease in radiotherapy-associated expenditures (-$2,275, p = 0.09). Spillover analyses revealed significantly higher uptake of HFR among self-insured patients who were indirectly exposed to the policy through seeing the providers who also treated fulled insured women (8.5 adjusted ppd, 95% CI 3.6 to 13.5, p = 0.001), compared to those who were not exposed. Conclusions: A payer’s utilization management policy was associated with direct and spillover increases in HFR use, even after accounting for a strong secular trend towards increased hypofractionation use. However, policymakers must balance the impact of this and similar policies against their additional administrative costs.
Preclinical evaluation of SC0191, a small molecule inhibitor of Wee1 kinase.
Authors: Chundao Yang, Zhengwei Li, Qi Li, Yuanfeng Xia, Chi-Chung Chan, Xusheng Yuan, Yiwei Wang, Shuhui Chen, Wenyuan Qian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e15637 Background: TP53 mutation is common in cancer cells, especially in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and pancreatic cancer (PC). The G1 checkpoint function is lost in these cancer cells, which more rely on G2 checkpoint to repair damaged DNA. Wee1 is a serine/threonine kinase, which phosphorylates the Tyr15 locus of CDC2, inhibits the activity of CDC2, and stays in the G2 phase. Wee1 inhibition can promote the cells with DNA damage into the M phase, thus driving the TP53 mutant cancer cells to apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of SC0191, a small molecule inhibitor of Wee1 kinase, in preclinical models of SCLC and PC with TP53 mutation. Methods: The kinase inhibiting activity of SC0191 was determined using the Wee1 kinase assays. The cellular anti-proliferative activity was evaluated with TP53 mutant NCI-H446 SCLC and BxPC-3 PC cell lines. The in vivo antitumor activity of SC0191 was evaluated in the NCI-H446 and BxPC-3 cells-derived xenograft (CDX) mouse models, respectively. Results: SC0191 displayed potent kinase inhibiting activity for Wee1 with IC 50 22.3 nM. SC0191 significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation in TP53 mutant NCI-H446 cells with IC 50 231.1 nM and BxPC-3 cells with IC 50 223.8 nM. Moreover, SC0191 oral administration showed significant antitumor efficacy which was better than AZD1775, in the NCI-H446 and BxPC-3 CDX mouse models, respectively. Conclusions: A novel Wee1 inhibitor, SC0191, has demonstrated excellent antitumor efficacy in TP53 mutant solid cancer preclinical studies, and represents a promising clinical candidate for treating solid tumors, such as SCLC and PC.
Abstract 21392: Comparison Between Overweight With Preserved versus Reduced Muscle Mass in Young Trained Athletes
Authors: Jae Yeong Cho, Kye Hun Kim, Hyukjin Park, Kyle Hornsby, Rink Lawrence
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The characteristics of the echocardiographic parameters in young trained athletes in comparison to healthy young general population need to be studied further. The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical and echocardiographic results between preserved versus reduced muscle mass in young trained athletes. Methods: A total of 1,186 athletes (22.5±6.3 years, 498 males) from 170 countries participated in the [Check-up Your Heart Program] during Summer Universiade. As an interim analysis, echocardiographic data of 380 trained athletes were included for this analysis. There were divided in to two groups; Overweight with preserved muscle mass (OPMM) (n=119) vs. non-OPMM (n=1,067). OPMM was defined as overweight athletes with proportion of muscle mass to body weight &gt;40% for male and &gt;35% for female. Echocardiographic parameters were compared between athletes group vs. normal control group. Results: OPMM was observed in 119 athletes (10.0%). Compared with normal control, athlete showed overweight more frequently (19.2% vs. 11.5%, p=0.014). Fat mass was higher in OPMM group (12.6±3.3 vs. 11.3±7.1 kg, p=0.001). OPMM group was more likely to be a caucasian than other ethnic groups (Caucasian 45.8% vs. Asian 16.1% vs. African 4.2% vs. Latin 17.8% vs. Middle Eastern 2.5% vs. others 13.6%, linear p=0.222), but significant racial difference was not observed. Intensity of sports had no significant influence on OPMM (11.8% vs. 16.4%, p=0.190). Also there was no difference between types of sports according to oxygen consumption (linear p=0.056). OPMM group showed larger left ventricular dimension (LVEDD 54.0±4.3 vs. 49.4±4.9 mm, p&lt;0.0001; LVESD 34.5±3.8 vs. 31.6±4.3, p&lt;0.0001; LAD 37.4±3.4 vs. 32.6±4.0, p&lt;0.0001) and thicker interventricular septum (9.4±2.3 vs. 8.4±1.5, p&lt;0.0001). Also LV mass index was higher in OPMM group (88.2±22.6 vs. 78.8±20.4, p=0.026). However, left atrial volume index and right ventricular dimension showed no difference between the two groups (p=0.105). Conclusions: LV size and mass were bigger in overweight athletes with preserved muscle mass, but LA and RV did not show such differences. There may be an association between body composition and cardiac structural change in trained young athletes.
Misdiagnosis of central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis: report of three cases
Authors: Yuying Chen, Qinli Zhang, Lifang Zhang, Hong Liu
Journal: BMJ (2017)

回顾分析我院2012年收治的3例脑桥中央髓鞘溶解症(CPM)合并脑桥外髓鞘溶解症(EPM)患者的临床资料。3例均有低钠血症，有快速纠正低钠血症史，误诊原因与该病影像学表现特点、EPM的特殊临床表现以及原发病表现有关。注意补钠速度、复查头颅MRI避免误诊。
Interim data: Phase I/IIa study of EGFR-targeted EDV nanocells carrying cytotoxic drug PNU-159682 (E-EDV-D682) with immunomodulatory adjuvant EDVs carrying α-galactosyl ceramide (EDV-GC) in patients with recurrent, metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Joanne Lundy, Gavin M. Marx, Jennifer MacDiarmid, Himanshu Brahmbhatt, Vinod Ganju
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

4632 Background: Targeted EDV nanocells loaded with doxorubicin and microRNA16a have shown excellent safety profiles in Phase I trials in recurrent glioma and mesothelioma. This planned safety analysis of an ongoing first-in-human, open label Phase I/IIa study in patients with treatment-refractory metastatic pancreatic cancer, assesses safety, biologic and clinical activity of EGFR-targeted EDV nanocells carrying cytotoxic drug PNU-159682, designed to overcome drug resistance, combined with EDV nanocells carrying immunomodulatory adjuvant α-galactosyl ceramide, designed to stimulate anti-tumour immune response. Methods: 9 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer enrolled in the dose escalation phase to evaluate safety of the EDV combination. Doses gradually escalated from 2 x 10 9 EDVs/dose to a maximum of 7 x 10 9 EDVs/dose in Week 7, with subsequent dosing at the maximum dose achieved in Cycle 1. iRECIST criteria was used to assess tumour response after each cycle, and blood was collected each cycle for cytokine and PBMC analysis. Results: Combination EDVs were well tolerated with no DLTs, and no drug related SAEs. A minority of patients experienced G1 infusion reactions, which responded promptly to supportive treatment. PR or SD was achieved at 8 weeks in 8/9 patients (CBR 89%), with responses confirmed at 4 months in 4/5 evaluable patients (80%), with 2 durable responses seen beyond 6 months. Exploratory analyses have revealed elevation of IFN-α and IFN-γ in almost all evaluable patients (6/8). In addition, we observed elevated CD8+ T cells (2/8), iNKT, dendritic and NK cells (3/8), and a reduction in exhausted CD8+ T cells (3/8), suggesting activation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. Conclusions: EDVs carrying the cytotoxic drug and immune adjuvant are safe and well tolerated. Early signals point to durable responses, possibly related to the development of an innate and adaptive immune response along with cytotoxic effects on drug resistant tumour cells. The Phase IIa study plans to enrol an additional 35 patients to further evaluate safety and anti-tumour efficacy. Clinical trial information: ACTRN12619000385145 .
Effect of inducing HR deficiency using AVB500, a receptor tyrosine kinase AXL inhibitor, on response to olaparib in uterine serous cancer.
Authors: Michael Driscoll Toboni, Barbara Blachut, Mary M Mullen, Jo'an Tankou, Hollie M Noia, Alyssa Oplt, Danny Wilke, Lindsay M Kuroki, Andrea R. Hagemann, Carolyn K McCourt, Premal H. Thaker, David Gardner Mutch, Matthew A. Powell, Katherine Cynthia Fuh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e18108 Background: Evidence suggests DNA repair is a therapeutic target in endometrial cancer (EC). Given this, we determined whether combination therapy with AVB500, an AXL inhibitor, could improve response in a uterine serous cancer (USC) model. Methods: Two USC cell lines (ARK1 &amp; ARK4) were treated with AVB500 (Aravive Biologics, Houston, TX) in combination with the poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, olaparib. Colony forming assays were assessed after 4 days of treatment with either AVB500 alone, olaparib alone or combination treatment (olaparib + AVB500); colonies were stained and absorbance was obtained to calculate relative cell viability using Graph Pad Prism. Baseline homologous recombination (HR) status was determined after radiating cells with 10Gy and identifying RAD51 foci by immunofluorescence (IF). Cell lines were considered to be HR proficient if over 30% of the cells expressed RAD51 ( &gt; 5 foci per cell). IF was conducted using a Leica confocal microscope and foci were quantified using FociCounter. In vivo studies were performed using NOD-SCID mice injected with 1 x 10 7 ARK1 cells intraperitoneally followed by treatment q3 days for a 14 and 21 day treatment period. Treatment groups were vehicle control, AVB500 alone, olaparib alone and olaparib with AVB500. Results: The absorbance for olaparib + AVB500 was significantly less than the olaparib only group in two assays involving ARK1s (0.417nm vs 0.756nm, p = 0.001; 0.320nm vs 0.620nm, p = 0.008) as well as in ARK4s (0.186nm vs 0.641nm, p = 0.003). The HR assay indicated both cell lines were HR proficient. After baseline HR proficiency was established, the cell lines were pretreated with AVB500 prior to radiation. When compared to cells without treatment with AVB500, IF showed a decrease in RAD51 foci per cell in ARK1 (2.7 vs 7.3, p = 0.0003) and ARK4 (6.3 vs 13.0, p = 0.0054). The proportion of ARK1 cells expressing RAD51 decreased to 21%, indicating HR deficiency. Lastly, NOD-SCID mice receiving olaparib + AVB500 had less tumor weight than those treated with olaparib alone (0.008g vs 0.138g, p = 0.002) and AVB500 alone (0.008g vs 0.145g, p = 0.0006) in a 14 day and a 21 day treatment period (0.212g vs 0.586g, p = 0.027 and 0.212 vs 0.494g, p = 0.005, respectively). Conclusions: HR proficient USC cell lines treated in vitro and in vivo with the combination of AVB500 and olaparib demonstrate an improved response to olaparib or AVB500 alone with a greater decrease in tumor burden. AVB500 appears to induce HR deficiency. Additional therapeutic and mechanistic experiments are ongoing.
Analysis for causes of smoking and its related behavior among visitors at smoking cessation clinics in Macao
Authors: Tze-chao Luo, Man-kei Ao, Hao-Leng Sio
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Two-hundred and sixty-nine smokers who visited smoking cessation clinics in Macao were recruited into the study by simple random sampling, and each of them was interviewed with a standardized questionnaire. The most common causes of initiating smoking included peer influence (53/100, 53% ) and belief in that smoking could relieve stress (88/269, 32. 7% ). The most common barrier to smoking cessation was psychological dependence (221/269, 82.2%), and others such as annoyance, low spirit, boredom and loneliness that lead them to continue smoking, which accounting for 79. 6% (214/269). It issuggested that smoking initiation relates to human psychological factors. At current stage, psychological health education needs to be strengthened for those who want to quit, helping them to learn skills of relaxation, stress relief and elimination of negative emotion. In order to prevent young people from being habitual smokers, relevant sectors should organize more anti-smoking campaigns targeted at adolescents.

Key words: 
Smoking cessation;  Behavior, addictive
Changes in ki-67 and cleaved caspase-3 (CC3) with short term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) prior to prostatectomy as part of a trial in intermediate and high-risk prostate cancer (PC).
Authors: Daniel Vargas Pivato de Almeida, Ying-Bei Chen, Karen A. Autio, Brett Stewart Carver, Susan F. Slovin, Daniel Costin Danila, Howard I. Scher, Karim A. Touijer, Dana E. Rathkopf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e17502 Background: Ki-67 and CC3 are markers of cellular proliferation and apoptosis and have been associated with prognosis in localized PC. Testosterone suppression promotes a time-dependent modulation of these indices. We explored changes in Ki-67 and CC3 at different timepoints in a pilot trial using short-term ADT prior to radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods: Pts with intermediate and high-risk localized PC were randomized to receive a single dose of neoadjuvant degarelix (240 mg SC) either 4 ± 1 days (Cohort A) or 7 ± 1 days (Cohort B) prior to RP. Anatomically matched tumor foci from the pre-treatment diagnostic biopsy and the prostatectomy specimens were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for Ki-67, CC3, and PTEN expression. Results: 32 pts were randomized: 15 to Cohort A and 17 to Cohort B. Ki-67 and CC3 expression in the pre- and post-treatment samples for both cohorts are summarized in the table. A significant reduction in Ki-67 and increase in CC3 expression occurred in both cohorts (all p-values &lt; 0.05). No difference was found when the absolute difference of Ki-67 expression was compared between Cohort A and Cohort B (p = 0.7). A significant reduction of Ki-67 and increase in CC3 expression occurred in pts independent of PTEN status. Conclusions: A reduction of Ki-67 and an increase in CC3 expression was achieved in both cohorts following a single dose of degarelix within 1 week of RP. Although loss of PTEN has been associated with androgen-independent progression, reduction of proliferation and increase in apoptosis levels were achieved independent of PTEN status in this small cohort. Further analyses are ongoing to correlate the pathologic findings with clinical outcomes. Clinical trial information: NCT01542021 . [Table: see text]
Primary therapy and relative survival in classical Hodgkin lymphoma: a nationwide population-based study in the Netherlands, 1989–2017
Authors: Julia Driessen, Otto Visser, Josée M. Zijlstra, Pieternella J. Lugtenburg, Wouter J. Plattel, Marie José Kersten, Avinash G. Dinmohamed
Journal: Leukemia (2020)
The "surgeon ego" must be excised to accelerate progress in surgical culture
Authors: Myers Christopher G, Lu-Myers Yemeng, Ghaferi Amir A, 张龙辉, 陈雷
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Christopher及其同事认为，健康的自信在外科手术中有重要作用，但是我们必须小心不要将它发展成破坏性的自我为中心。



Christopher及其同事认为，健康的自信在外科手术中有重要作用，但是我们必须小心不要将它发展成破坏性的自我为中心。