tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB1437-HPR The effects of short foot exercise on pain, knee and foot biomechanics in patients with patellofemoral pain
Authors: P Kisacik, A. Karaduman, V. Bayrakcı Tunay, N. Bek, Ö. A. Atay
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> It was well known that patellofemoral pain (PFP) has multifactorial aetiology. Increased navicular drop measures and especially more pronated foot posture in stance phase have been reported as distal factors.<sup>1,2</sup> Foot orthosis are recommended as distal interventions but remained passive.<sup>3</sup> For this reason, short foot exercise (SFE),<sup>4</sup> as an active approach, may be of significant benefit in patients with PFP. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SFE on pain, knee and foot biomechanics in patients with PFP. <h3>Methods</h3> Twenty-two patients with PFP, mean age was 40.91±10.73, included in this study. They were randomly divided into two groups. The first group (KHE) was followed under the exercise program including knee and hip exercises, and the second group (SFE) was followed under SFE in addition to the same exercise program 2 days per a week for 6 weeks. At the beginning and the end of the study, for pain at walking, sitting, squatting, climbing stairs Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Kujala Patellofemoral Symptom Scale (KPSS); for knee and foot biomechanics measurement of Q angle, Navicular Drop Test (NDT), Calcaneo-tibial angle (CTA) and Foot Posture Index (FPI) were performed. <h3>Results</h3> As a result of this study, it was found that all parameters were improved in both groups, whereas the improvements in the pain intensity (VAS) of sitting and stair activities, values of Q angles, NDT, CTA and FPI were statistically significant in SFE group compared to KHE group (p&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In conclusion, it was shown that SFE has positive effects on pain, knee and foot biomechanics in patients with PFP. At this point, SFE is an exercise approach in order to increase the success of the rehabilitation program in patients with PFP. <h3>References</h3> [1] Lankhorst NE, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, van Middelkoop M. Risk factors for patellofemoral pain syndrome: a systematic review. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2012;42(2):81–94. [2] Lankhorst NE, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, van Middelkoop M. Factors associated with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(4):193–206. [3] Crossley KM, Stefanik JJ, Selfe J, Collins NJ, Davis IS, Powers CM, et al. 2016Patellofemoral pain consensus statement from the 4th International Patellofemoral Pain Research Retreat, Manchester. Part 1: Terminology, definitions, clinical examination, natural history, patellofemoral osteoarthritis and patient-reported outcome measures. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(14):839–43. [4] McKeon PO, Hertel J, Bramble D, Davis I. The foot core system: a new paradigm for understanding intrinsic foot muscle function. Br J Sports Med. 2015;49(5):290. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
AB0999 Opportunistic screening for osteoporosis using thoraco-abdomino-pelvic computed tomography for assessment of vertebral density in rheumatoid arthritispatients
Authors: J. Perrier-Cornet, I. CHARY-VALCKENAERE, D. LOEUILLE, A.Y. OMOROU
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Screening for osteoporosis is crucial in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Computed tomography (CT) attenuation assessment has been proved to be of interest in general population for detection of osteoporosis. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the value of thoraco-abdomino-pelvic CT-derived bone mineral density (BMD) in L1, compared with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for osteoporosis screening in rheumatoid arthritis patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive RA patients who underwent a CT-scan and a DXA within a two-year period are retrospectively included. CT sagittal images are evaluated from T4 to L5 for vertebral fractures according to Genant classification. CT attenuation values (in Hounsfield units [HU]) of trabecular bone in L1 are measured on axial images and compared to DXA results. <h3>Results</h3> One hundred and five patients (mean age 61.1 years (±9.5), 78.1% women) were included. Twenty-eight patients (26.7%) have DXA-defined osteoporosis and 32 (30%) have osteoporotic fractures (vertebral and/or non-vertebral). According to CT assessment, mean (SD) vertebral L1 attenuation is 142.2 HU (±18.5). The diagnostic performance for vertebral CT-attenuation measurement was good, with an AUC of 0.67 for predicting osteoporotic fractures and of 0.69 for predicting vertebral fractures. Among 31 patients with osteoporotic fractures, 23 (74%) patients are categorised as osteoporotic with L1 CT-attenuation of 135 HU or less, whereas only 13 patients (42%) with DXA. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This technique offers a combined opportunistic screening for osteoporosis by assessing both vertebral fractures and bone density on routine CT-scans. This seems of particular interest in RA patients who are at high risk for osteoporosis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
A noncanonical role for the engulfment gene ELMO1 in neutrophils that promotes inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Sanja Arandjelovic, Justin S. A. Perry, Christopher D. Lucas, Kristen K. Penberthy, Tae-Hyoun Kim, Ming Zhou, Dorian A Rosen, Tzu-Ying Chuang, Alexandra M. Bettina, Laura S. Shankman, Amanda H. Cohen, Alban Gaultier, Thomas P. Conrads, Minsoo Kim, Michael R. Elliott, Kodi S. Ravichandran
Journal: Nature Immunology (2019)
THU0203 Comparison of the retention rate of biological dmards ~ the data from patients with ra who were followed up for over 10 years
Authors: K. Fukuda, T. Matsubara, K. Funahashi, T. Itami, K. Okuda, S. Hayashi, Y. Sakai, R. Kuroda
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> The use of biological disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) or synthetic DMARDs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has improved the management of RA and prevented patients with RA from joint destruction. However, there are some cases in which it is difficult to continue the treatment with these medicines due to insufficient therapeutic effect or complications. In Japan, 8 of bDMARDs and 2 of synthetic DMARDs can be used for the treatment of RA. Among them, infliximab (INF) and etanercept (ETN) were applied for RA treatment in 2003 and 2005, respectively, and have been utilised for more than 10 years. Although adalimumab (ADA) and tocilizumab (TCZ) were applied in 2008, RA treatment by ADA and TCZ had been conducted by clinical trials since 2003, and they have also been utilised for more than 10 years. <h3>Objectives</h3> In this study, we evaluated the retention rate of these 4 bDMARDs (INF, ETN, ADA, and TCZ) for over 10 years. <h3>Methods</h3> RA patients who started the treatment with INF, ETN, ADA, or TCZ before 2007 in Matsubara mayflower hospital and were observed for over 10 years were included in this study. INF was used in the treatment for 111 patients with RA, and 95 out of them were observed for over 10 years (INF group). 95 out of 119 RA patients treated with ETN (ETN group), 24 out of 27 RA patients treated with ADA (ADA group), and 21 out of 25 RA patients treated with TCZ (TCZ group) were included in this study. Kaplan-Meier analysis was applied to determine the differences in the retention rate of these bDMARDs. <h3>Results</h3> Kaplan-Meier analysis showed no statistically significant difference in the retention rate of these bDMARDs. The retention rate of INF group and TCZ group decreased with time and was 10.5% and 33.3% at the final survey in November 2017, respectively. That of ETN group and ADA group plateaued at 9 years after the start of treatment and was 22.1% and 8.33% at the final survey, respectively. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this study, there was no statistically significant difference in the retention rate of these bDMARDs. The retention rate of over 10 years was the highest in TCZ group and the lowest in ADA group. The rate of INF group and TCZ group continued to decrease, and that of ETN group and ADA group was almost constant after 9 years from the start of treatment. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
THU0730-HPR A systematic review of online interventions for addressing psychological distress in rheumatoid arthritis and other long-term conditions
Authors: K. Fishpool, B. Jones, S. Hewlett, M. Ndosi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Psychological distress in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with severity of disease activity and poor treatment outcomes. Online interventions have the potential to reach large numbers of patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aims of this study were to identify online interventions for psychological distress and determine their effectiveness in RA and other long-term conditions. <h3>Methods</h3> The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsychINFO Jan 2007-Jul 2017). Inclusion criteria were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effectiveness of interventions to address psychological distress in adults. Titles and abstracts were screened independently by 2 reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed by 3 reviewers using Cochrane's Risk of Bias tool. Data were extracted independently by 4 reviewers. Meta-analysis was not possible due to clinical heterogeneity of the included studies. Effectiveness of interventions is reported with effect sizes based on between-group differences in the primary outcomes at the end of each study. <h3>Results</h3> The review included 11 RCTs in the following conditions: arthritis,<sup>2</sup> multiple sclerosis,<sup>2</sup> diabetes<sup>6</sup> and irritable bowel syndrome.<sup>1</sup> The quality of most RCTs was poor due to attrition, selective reporting and limited follow-up. Eight disease-specific and 3 generic interventions were identified. Cognitive behavioural therapy was the most common intervention type. All interventions were online but support delivery and outcome measures varied significantly, Nine of the 11 interventions were shown to be effective, including 2 for RA. Most interventions were not available outside of the trial. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The findings are inconclusive due to the overall bias of the included studies and insufficient evidence in RA. More good quality RCTs are required to determine effectiveness of online interventions in RA. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This study was funded by Arthritis Research UK. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
THU0748-HPR Evaluation of adherence to biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in patients with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Y.C. Lim, W.G. Teo, M.N. Eng, H.M. Cheen, X.Y. Tay, S.I. Yeo, T.G. Lim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> In recent years, bDMARDs have revolutionised IA treatment in improving IA symptoms, as well as slowing down structural damage. However, efficacy observed in the controlled settings of clinical trials may not always translate to effectiveness in clinical practice.<sup>1 2</sup> Currently, there are no published studies assessing adherence to bDMARDs and its associated factors among IA patients in Singapore. Knowledge of the extent of poor adherence to bDMARDs and its risk factors can facilitate efficient implementation of interventions to improve adherence and IA outcomes. <h3>Objectives</h3> The primary objective of the study was to assess adherence to bDMARDs among patients with IA in Singapore. The secondary objective was to identify factors associated with poor adherence to bDMARDs. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective observational study was conducted at Singapore General Hospital, a 1600-bed academic medical centre. Electronic records of patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthritis (SpA) or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) who had received at least six consecutive months of bDMARDs between 1 st January 2010 and 31 st December 2015 were reviewed. Adherence was calculated by proportion of days covered (PDC) using the following formula: PDC=[∑(number of doses×prescribed frequency)]/(total duration)×100%. Patients with PDC ≥0.80 were considered adherent.<sup>3</sup> Factors associated with adherence to bDMARDs were identified using multivariate logistic regression using the entire dataset and then by type of IA. <h3>Results</h3> Among 115 patients included in the analyses, majority of the patients were Chinese (n=77, 67%) and females (n=61, 53%). Other pertinent demographics and clinical characteristics are detailed in table 1. The mean PDC was 0.82 (±0.18) and 69 (60%) patients were adherent (i.e. PDC ≥0.8). Multivariate logistic regression did not identify any factors significantly associated with adherence. Patients with SpA who previously received a bDMARD (OR=5.12; 95% CI 1.02–25.8; p=0.048) and who did not receive subsidy (OR=0.21; 95% CI 0.50–0.89; p=0.034) were found to be significantly associated with adherence. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The findings of this study suggest that IA patients have suboptimal adherence to bDMARDs. Determinants of poor adherence remain elusive and further research into the social, psychological and environmental aspects is warranted. Measures to improve affordability of bDMARDs such as obtaining government subsidies and offering patient access schemes may improve adherence as seen in patients with SpA. <h3>References</h3> [1] Harnett J, et al. <i>J Manag Care Spec Pharm</i>. 2016;22(3):209–18. [2] Koncz T, et al. Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 2010;10(9):1367–1378. [3] Choudhry NK, et al. Am J Manag Care2009July;15(7):457–464. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Advantages and Disadvantages of Direct Primary Care
Authors: James O. Breen
Journal: JAMA (2019)

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Single-Dose Tafenoquine to Prevent Relapse of<i>Plasmodium vivax</i>Malaria
Authors: Marcus V.G. Lacerda, Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas, Srivicha Krudsood, Chanthap Lon, David L. Saunders, Rezika Mohammed, Daniel Yilma, Dhelio Batista Pereira, Fe E.J. Espino, Reginaldo Z. Mia, Raul Chuquiyauri, Fernando Val, Martín Casapía, Wuelton M. Monteiro, Marcelo A.M. Brito, Mônica R.F. Costa, Nillawan Buathong, Harald Noedl, Ermias Diro, Sisay Getie, Kalehiwot M. Wubie, Alemseged Abdissa, Ahmed Zeynudin, Cherinet Abebe, Mauro S. Tada, Françoise Brand, Hans-Peter Beck, Brian Angus, Stephan Duparc, Jörg-Peter Kleim, Lynda M. Kellam, Victoria M. Rousell, Siôn W. Jones, Elizabeth Hardaker, Khadeeja Mohamed, Donna D. Clover, Kim Fletcher, John J. Breton, Cletus O. Ugwuegbulam, Justin A. Green, Gavin C.K.W. Koh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

Treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria requires the clearing of asexual parasites, but relapse can be prevented only if dormant hypnozoites are cleared from the liver (a treatment termed "radical cure"). Tafenoquine is a single-dose 8-aminoquinoline that has recently been registered for the radical cure of P. vivax.
Prospective Study of the Immunological Mechanisms of Immune Tolerance Induction in Severe Haemophilia a Patients with Inhibitors: Preliminary Analysis of a Multi-Center Longitudinal Study
Authors: Davide Matino, Giancarlo Castaman, Giovanni Di Minno, Paola Giordano, Maria Elisa Mancuso, Emanuela Marchesini, Flora Peyvandi, Elena Santagostino, Cristina Santoro, Michele Schiavulli, Antonella De Luca, Marco Gargaro, Paolo Puccetti, Francesca Fallarino, Alfonso Iorio
Journal: Blood (2018)
FRI0206 Gender differences in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: results from the atlas-2017
Authors: M. Garrido-Cumbrera, D. Gálvez-Ruiz, P. Zarco, O. Braçe, V. Navarro-Compán
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Recent data suggest gender differences on clinical manifestations, treatment access, and impact of the disease in patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis (axSpA). However, more data to confirm this hypothesis are needed. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess gender differences on the physical, social, and psychological impact of the disease in patients with axSpA. <h3>Methods</h3> A sample of 680 axSpA patients was interviewed as part of the Spanish Atlas-2017 project. This aimed to promote early referral, improve healthcare, and the use of effective treatments in patients with axSpA. Among the recorded data, the following variables were collected: sociodemographic, smoking habits, degree of functional limitation in 18 daily activities (0–3 none, little, some, moderate), spinal stiffness level at cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine (0–3 none, little, some, moderate), disease activity through BASDAI (0–10), risk of severe psychiatric illness using General Health Questionnaire – GHQ-12 (0–12), treatment received (NSAIDs and biological therapy), and disability. Differences for all of these variables between patients who are part of support group associations (associated-patients) and those who are not (non-associated patients) were tested using Mann-Whitney or Chi-square tests. <h3>Results</h3> In total, 323 (47.5%) men and 357 (52.5%) women participated in the survey. Compared with men, women reported a longer delay in diagnosis. Additionally, despite having a shorter disease duration, women reported significantly higher disease activity, worse functionality, and a higher risk of severe psychiatric illness than men. On the other hand, male patients had been treated more frequently with biological therapies and were significantly more likely to have had their disability legally recognised. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Gender differences are observed regarding the impact of the disease in patients with axSpA. While women report a higher physical and psychological impact of the disease, men are more frequently legally recognised as disabled. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> The Atlas was promoted by CEADE and funded by Novartis <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Safety of Men With Small and Medium Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Under Surveillance in the NAAASP
Authors: Clare Oliver-Williams, Michael J. Sweeting, Jo Jacomelli, Lisa Summers, Anne Stevenson, Tim Lees, Jonothan J. Earnshaw
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Population screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has commenced in several countries, and has been shown to reduce AAA-related mortality by up to 50%. Most men who screen positive have an AAA <5.5 cm in diameter, the referral threshold for treatment, and are entered into an ultrasound surveillance program. This study aimed to determine the risk of ruptured AAA (rAAA) in men under surveillance.Men in the National Health Service AAA Screening Programme who initially had a small (3-4.4 cm) or medium (4.5-5.4 cm) AAA were followed up. The screening program's database collected data on ultrasound AAA diameter measurements, dates of referral, and loss to follow-up. Local screening programs recorded adverse outcomes, including rAAA and death. Rupture and mortality rates were calculated by initial and final known AAA diameter.A total of 18 652 men were included (50 103 person-years of surveillance). Thirty-one men had rAAA during surveillance, of whom 29 died. Some 952 men died of other causes during surveillance, mainly cardiovascular complications (26.3%) and cancer (31.2%). The overall mortality rate was 1.96% per annum, similar for men with small and medium AAAs. The rAAA risk was 0.03% per annum (95% CI, 0.02%-0.05%) for men with small AAAs and 0.28% (0.17%-0.44%) for medium AAAs. The rAAA risk for men with AAAs just below the referral threshold (5.0-5.4 cm) was 0.40% (0.22%-0.73%).The risk of rAAA under surveillance is <0.5% per annum, even just below the present referral threshold of 5.5 cm, and only 0.4% of men under surveillance are estimated to rupture before referral. It can be concluded that men with small and medium screen-detected AAAs are safe provided they are enrolled in an intensive surveillance program, and that there is no evidence that the current referral threshold of 5.5 cm should be changed.
SAT0671 Initial development of a whole-body magnetic resonance imaging inflammation index for active disease of peripheral joints and entheses in patients with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: S. Krabbe, P. Bird, I. Eshed, V. Foltz, F. Gandjbakhch, D. Glinatsi, J.L. Jaremko, R.G. Lambert, W.P. Maksymowych, A.J. Mathew, S.J. Pedersen, R. Poggenborg, M.S. Stoenoiu, P.G. Conaghan, C.E. Althoff, C. Peterfy, K.-G. Hermann, M. Østergaard
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows objective assessment of inflammation in peripheral joints and entheses. MRI scoring systems have until now focused on assessing specific parts of the musculoskeletal system in detail, e.g. the Rheumatoid Arthritis MRI Scoring System (RAMRIS), which is applied to wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints and adjacent tendon sheaths. The interest in a whole-body MRI approach is growing as modern MRI scanners now permit whole-body scanning within an acceptable time frame, and future improvements in MRI hardware and pulse sequences are expected to improve scan time and image resolution further. <h3>Objectives</h3> To develop a whole-body MRI scoring system for inflammation of peripheral joints and entheses and to investigate its feasibility and reliability. <h3>Methods</h3> Definitions of the key pathologies and locations for assessment have been agreed upon in the OMERACT MRI Working Group<sup>1</sup>. In a first round in June 2017, 9 readers (AJM/DG/FG/IE/MØ/PB/SJP/SK/WPM) scored MR images of 2 patients with spondyloarthritis using a draft web-based scoring system. Results were discussed and the scoring system was slightly modified. Hereafter, in a second round in October 2017, 14 MRI readers (3 musculoskeletal radiologist (IE/JLJ/RGL) and 11 rheumatologists with varying exposure to MRI (AJM/DG/FG/MS/MØ/PB/RP/SJP/SK/VF/WPM), scored 5 similar patients by the modified scoring system. Using a semiquantitative scale 0–3 (none/mild/moderate/severe), synovitis and osteitis were scored separately for 83 joints, and soft tissue inflammation and osteitis were scored separately for 33 entheses. Discrepancies between readers were discussed during an online meeting to obtain consensus, to train inexperienced readers, and to identify potential pitfalls when applying the scoring system. <h3>Results</h3> Inter-reader reliability was overall moderate for joint scores and poor for enthesis scores; however, among the 3 musculoskeletal radiologists, enthesis scores were as reliable as joint scores (Table). Reliability did not improve between the first and second round, possibly because patients with several very conspicuous inflammatory lesions were selected as cases in the first round. <h3>Conclusions</h3> It is feasible to perform online multi-reader scoring exercises of whole-body MRI using a web-based scoring interface. MRI readers need to be further trained and calibrated in the semiquantitative scoring approach used to increase inter-reader reliability. <h3>Reference</h3> [1] Østergaard M, et al. J Rheumatol2017;44:1699–1705. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared