tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>Z</i>oonotic tuberculosis in humans assessed by next-generation sequencing: an 18-month nationwide study in Lebanon
Authors: Salam El Achkar, Christine Demanche, Marwan Osman, Rayane Rafei, Mohamad Bachar Ismail, Cyril Gaudin, Stéphanie Duthoy, Frédérique De Matos, Hiam Yaacoub, Claire Pinçon, Monzer Hamze, Philip Supply
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

<b>In response to recent international calls, this study reveals the nationally representative prevalence of zoonotic tuberculosis in people in a non-high income country, highlighting the need for appropriate diagnostics and treatment of these patients</b>http://bit.ly/2l3ydDh
Patient experience with home respiratory therapies in Portugal: it is time to move forward
Authors: Cátia Caneiras, Cristina Jácome, Sagrario Mayoralas-Alises, José Ramon-Calvo, João Almeida Fonseca, Salvador Diaz-Lobato, Joan Escarrabill, João Carlos Winck
Journal: Pulmonology (2019)

© 2019 Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, ˜ S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
NLRP3 inflammasome blockade reduces adipose tissue inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling
Authors: Xabier Unamuno, Javier Gómez-Ambrosi, Beatriz Ramírez, Amaia Rodríguez, Sara Becerril, Víctor Valentí, Rafael Moncada, Camilo Silva, Javier Salvador, Gema Frühbeck, Victoria Catalán
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2019)
TCT-141 C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Hatim Seoudy, Sebastian Ludwig, Baravan Al-Kassou, Jasmin Shamekhi, Atsushi Sugiura, Eberhard Grube, Christian Kuhn, Lenard Conradi, Georg Nickenig, Moritz Seiffert, Dirk Westermann, Jan-Malte Sinning, Derk Frank
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
International consensus conference on stool banking for faecal microbiota transplantation in clinical practice
Authors: Giovanni Cammarota, Gianluca Ianiro, Colleen R Kelly, Benjamin H Mullish, Jessica R Allegretti, Zain Kassam, Lorenza Putignani, Monika Fischer, Josbert J Keller, Samuel Paul Costello, Harry Sokol, Patrizia Kump, Reetta Satokari, Stacy A Kahn, Dina Kao, Perttu Arkkila, Ed J Kuijper, Maria J GT Vehreschild, Cristina Pintus, Loris Lopetuso, Luca Masucci, Franco Scaldaferri, E M Terveer, Max Nieuwdorp, Antonio López-Sanromán, Juozas Kupcinskas, Ailsa Hart, Herbert Tilg, Antonio Gasbarrini
Journal: Gut (2019)

Although faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has a well-established role in the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), its widespread dissemination is limited by several obstacles, including lack of dedicated centres, difficulties with donor recruitment and complexities related to regulation and safety monitoring. Given the considerable burden of CDI on global healthcare systems, FMT should be widely available to most centres.Stool banks may guarantee reliable, timely and equitable access to FMT for patients and a traceable workflow that ensures safety and quality of procedures. In this consensus project, FMT experts from Europe, North America and Australia gathered and released statements on the following issues related to the stool banking: general principles, objectives and organisation of the stool bank; selection and screening of donors; collection, preparation and storage of faeces; services and clients; registries, monitoring of outcomes and ethical issues; and the evolving role of FMT in clinical practice,Consensus on each statement was achieved through a Delphi process and then in a plenary face-to-face meeting. For each key issue, the best available evidence was assessed, with the aim of providing guidance for the development of stool banks in order to promote accessibility to FMT in clinical practice.
The Epigenetic Signature of Colonizing New Environments in Anolis Lizards
Authors: Juntao Hu, Arash M Askary, Timothy J Thurman, Dave A Spiller, Todd M Palmer, Robert M Pringle, Rowan D H Barrett
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2019)

Abstract Founder populations often show rapid divergence from source populations after colonizing new environments. Epigenetic modifications can mediate phenotypic responses to environmental change and may be an important mechanism promoting rapid differentiation in founder populations. Whereas many long-term studies have explored the extent to which divergence between source and founder populations is genetically heritable versus plastic, the role of epigenetic processes during colonization remains unclear. To investigate epigenetic modifications in founding populations, we experimentally colonized eight small Caribbean islands with brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) from a common source population. We then quantitatively measured genome-wide DNA methylation in liver tissue using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing of individuals transplanted onto islands with high- versus low-habitat quality. We found that lizard sex and habitat quality explained a significant proportion of epigenetic variation. Differentially methylated cytosines mapped to genes that encode proteins with functions likely to be relevant to habitat change (e.g., signal transduction, immune response, circadian rhythm). This study provides experimental evidence of a relationship between epigenetic responses and the earliest stages of colonization of novel environments in nature and suggests that habitat quality influences the nature of these epigenetic modifications.
Mediating Role of Bone Marrow Lesions, Synovitis, Pain Sensitization, and Depressive Symptoms on Knee Pain Improvement Following Substantial Weight Loss
Authors: S. Reza Jafarzadeh, Tuhina Neogi, Joshua J. Stefanik, Jing‐Sheng Li, Ali Guermazi, Caroline M. Apovian, David T. Felson
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2019)

Massive weight loss leads to marked knee pain reduction in individuals with knee pain, but the reason for the reduction in pain is unknown. This study was undertaken to quantify the contribution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-evidenced changes in pain-sensitive structures, bone marrow lesions (BMLs), and synovitis, and changes in pain sensitization or depressive symptoms, to knee pain improvement after substantial weight loss.Morbidly obese patients with knee pain on most days were evaluated before bariatric surgery or medical weight management and at 1-year follow-up for BMLs and synovitis seen on MRI, the pressure pain threshold (PPT) at the patella and the right wrist, depressive symptoms (using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale [CES-D]), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain survey. Natural-effects models were used to quantify the extent that achieving a minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of ≥18% on the WOMAC pain scale could be mediated by weight loss-induced changes in BMLs, synovitis, PPT, and depressive symptoms.Of 75 participants, 53.3% lost ≥20% of weight by 1 year. Of these, 75% attained the MCID for pain improvement, compared with 34.3% in those who had <20% weight loss. Mediation analyses suggested that, in those with at least 20% weight loss, the odds of pain improvement increased by 62%, 15%, and 22% through changes in patella PPT, wrist PPT, and CES-D, respectively, but pain improvement was not mediated by MRI changes in BMLs or synovitis.Weight loss-induced knee pain improvement is partially mediated by changes in pain sensitization and depressive symptoms but is independent of MRI changes in BMLs and synovitis.
Stellate Cells, Hepatocytes, and Endothelial Cells Imprint the Kupffer Cell Identity on Monocytes Colonizing the Liver Macrophage Niche
Authors: Johnny Bonnardel, Wouter T’Jonck, Djoere Gaublomme, Robin Browaeys, Charlotte L. Scott, Liesbet Martens, Bavo Vanneste, Sofie De Prijck, Sergei A. Nedospasov, Anna Kremer, Evelien Van Hamme, Peter Borghgraef, Wendy Toussaint, Pieter De Bleser, Inge Mannaerts, Alain Beschin, Leo A. van Grunsven, Bart N. Lambrecht, Tom Taghon, Saskia Lippens, Dirk Elewaut, Yvan Saeys, Martin Guilliams
Journal: Immunity (2019)

Macrophages are strongly adapted to their tissue of residence. Yet, little is known about the cell-cell interactions that imprint the tissue-specific identities of macrophages in their respective niches. Using conditional depletion of liver Kupffer cells, we traced the developmental stages of monocytes differentiating into Kupffer cells and mapped the cellular interactions imprinting the Kupffer cell identity. Kupffer cell loss induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- and interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor-dependent activation of stellate cells and endothelial cells, resulting in the transient production of chemokines and adhesion molecules orchestrating monocyte engraftment. Engrafted circulating monocytes transmigrated into the perisinusoidal space and acquired the liver-associated transcription factors inhibitor of DNA 3 (ID3) and liver X receptor-α (LXR-α). Coordinated interactions with hepatocytes induced ID3 expression, whereas endothelial cells and stellate cells induced LXR-α via a synergistic NOTCH-BMP pathway. This study shows that the Kupffer cell niche is composed of stellate cells, hepatocytes, and endothelial cells that together imprint the liver-specific macrophage identity.
TCT-4 Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Repair in Patients With Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation: 2-Year Outcomes From the FORMA US Early Feasibility Study
Authors: Susheel Kodali, Rebecca Hahn, Vasilis Babaliaros, Stamatios Lerakis, Vinod Thourani, Raj Makkar, Siddharth Singh, Mackram Eleid, Vuyisile Nkomo, Sorin Pislaru, John Brown, Robert Kipperman, Leo Marcoff, Isaac George, Chet Rihal, Martin Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
TCT-197 Impact of Patient Sex on Radiation Doses Received During Coronary Angiography
Authors: Erica Osip, Sheetal Maragiri, Sabina Shamayeva, Paulina Phomvongsa, Sheridan Reed, Andrew Shin, Stacie VanOosterhout, Spencer Pageau, Jessica Parker, Ryan Madder
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Abstract P171: Association Between Blood Pressure Control and Ten-Year Progression in Carotid Arterial Stiffness Varied by Diabetes Status Among Treated Hypertensive Individuals: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Yacob G Tedla, Adam Gepner, Laura Colangelo, James Stein, Kiang Liu, Philip Greenland
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: The association between hypertension and arterial stiffness was shown to be stronger among diabetic patients. However, it is not known whether the association between controlled blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness progression varies by diabetes mellitus status. Methods: We used data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis among 879 individuals who were hypertensive and treated at baseline and three follow-up visits (mean age 63.7 years, 44% males at baseline). Carotid arterial stiffness was measured using distensibility coefficient (DC) and Young’s elastic modulus (YEM) at baseline and after a mean of 9.5 years (exam 5). Participants were considered as having controlled BP if their systolic and diastolic BP were &lt;140/90 mmHg. In separate multiple linear regression models, changes in DC and YEM between exams 1 and 5 were regressed on categories of number of visits with controlled BP across visits 1-4. Additional analysis was made stratifying by diabetes status. Results: Mean DC and YEM were 2.8x10-3 mmHg-1 and 3.6x103 mmHg at baseline and 2.6x10-3 mmHg-1 and 4.2x103 mmHg at exam 5, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, ten-year progression in arterial stiffness was significantly lower among individuals with controlled BP at three or four visits as compared to those with controlled BP at only one or no visit. There was borderline significant interaction between number of visits with controlled BP and diabetes (P=0.06). When stratified by diabetes, the association was significant only among non-diabetic participants. There was significant trend in the progression of arterial stiffness by the number of visits with control BP (Table 1). Conclusion: Long-term control of BP among treated hypertensive individuals was significantly associated with lower ten-year progression in arterial stiffness only among non-diabetic individuals. Controlling BP alone may not be enough to slow progression of arterial stiffness among diabetic individuals.
TCT-738 Beating Human Cadaver Heart Biosimulator: A Transitional Evaluation Platform for Catheter-Based Interventional Cardiac Therapeutic Devices for Structural Heart Disease
Authors: Yanping Cheng, Amanda Corn, Paula Corts, Athanasios Peppas, Torsten Vahl, Grzegorz Kaluza, Juan Granada, Genghua Yi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Increased thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor levels in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Yoshimasa Imoto, Atsushi Kato, Tetsuji Takabayashi, Whitney Stevens, James E. Norton, Lydia A. Suh, Roderick G. Carter, Ava R. Weibman, Kathryn E. Hulse, Kathleen E. Harris, Anju T. Peters, Leslie C. Grammer, Bruce K. Tan, Kevin Welch, Stephanie Shintani-Smith, David B. Conley, Robert C. Kern, Shigeharu Fujieda, Robert P. Schleimer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Epithelial membrane protein 2 governs transepithelial migration of neutrophils into the airspace
Authors: Wan-Chi Lin, Kymberly M. Gowdy, Jennifer H. Madenspacher, Rachel L. Zemans, Kazuko Yamamoto, Miranda Lyons-Cohen, Hideki Nakano, Kyathanahalli Janardhan, Carmen J. Williams, Donald N. Cook, Joseph P. Mizgerd, Michael B. Fessler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2019)

Whether respiratory epithelial cells regulate the final transit of extravasated neutrophils into the inflamed airspace or are a passive barrier is poorly understood. Alveolar epithelial type 1 (AT1) cells, best known for solute transport and gas exchange, have few established immune roles. Epithelial membrane protein 2 (EMP2), a tetraspan protein that promotes recruitment of integrins to lipid rafts, is highly expressed in AT1 cells but has no known function in lung biology. Here, we show that Emp2-/- mice exhibit reduced neutrophil influx into the airspace after a wide range of inhaled exposures. During bacterial pneumonia, Emp2-/- mice had attenuated neutrophilic lung injury and improved survival. Bone marrow chimeras, intravital neutrophil labeling, and in vitro assays suggested that defective transepithelial migration of neutrophils into the alveolar lumen occurs in Emp2-/- lungs. Emp2-/- AT1 cells had dysregulated surface display of multiple adhesion molecules, associated with reduced raft abundance. Epithelial raft abundance was dependent upon putative cholesterol-binding motifs in EMP2, whereas EMP2 supported adhesion molecule display and neutrophil transmigration through suppression of caveolins. Taken together, we propose that EMP2-dependent membrane organization ensures proper display on AT1 cells of a suite of proteins required to instruct paracellular neutrophil traffic into the alveolus.
TCT-26 Predictors of Bailout Rotational Atherectomy in Patients With Complex Calcified Coronary Artery Disease: A Pooled Analysis From the Randomized ROTAXUS and PREPARE-CALC Trials
Authors: Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Abdelhakim Allali, Robert Byrne, Volker Geist, Mohamed El-Mawardy, Dmitriy Sulimov, Franz-Josef Neumann, Ralph Toelg, Gert Richardt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
TCT-474 Impact of Clinical and Hemodynamic Factors on Coronary Flow Reserve and Invasive Coronary Flow Capacity in Nonobstructed Coronary Arteries: A Patient-Level Pooled Analysis of the DEBATE and ILIAS Studies
Authors: Valérie Stegehuis, Gilbert Wijntjens, Matthijs Bax, Martijn Meuwissen, Steven Chamuleau, Michiel Voskuil, Carlo Di Mario, Christiaan Vrints, Michael Haude, Patrick Serruys, Jan Piek, Tim van de Hoef
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
The preclinical activity of lenalidomide in urothelial carcinoma (UC).
Authors: Jonathan M. Levitt, Keith S. Chan, Weiguo Jian, Seth P. Lerner, Guru Sonpavde
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e15002 Background: Lenalidomide is approved for multiple myeloma and deletion 5q myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and demonstrates immune modulation, anti-angiogenic activity and direct anti-tumor cytotoxicity. A rationale can be made to evaluate the preclinical activity of lenalidomide in urothelial carcinoma (UC) based on the importance of these pathways. Methods: The in vitro anti-tumor activity of lenalidomide was evaluated in 4 human (5637, TCC-SUP, RT4, RT112) and 1 murine (MB49) cell line. Anti-proliferative activity activity (MTT assay), apoptosis (Annexin-FITC immunohistochemistry [IHC], flow cytometry) and cell viability by colony forming assay were measured. In vivo examination of activity of daily oral lenalidomide 10 mg/kg orally once daily or placebo for 4 weeks is examined in a syngeneic immunocompetent mouse model employing MB49-Luc25 cells injected subcutaneously in C57BL/6 mice. Murine tumors will be studied for anti-tumor activity. Results: In vitro activity of lenalidomide was detected at low ~1 µM concentrations (attainable in human subjects) against a non-invasive human UC cell line (RT4). Long-term cultures of RT4 cells for 10 days with daily repletion of lenalidomide reduced cell viability and colony forming ability to 75.6% of controls. Induction of apoptosis in RT4 was demonstrated by Annexin-FITC IHC and flow cytometry compared to control (30.11 vs. 14.74%). Invasive human UC cells and murine MB49 cells did not demonstrate apoptosis with lenalidomide exposure in vitro. Futher, lenalidomide did not inhibit overall tumor growth in the syngeneic immunocompetent murine model; immune activity and stem cell directed activity will be presented. Conclusions: Lenalidomide demonstrated preclinical anti-tumor activity against non-invasive human UC cells. Given its favorable toxicity profile compared to cytotoxic chemotherapy, clinical evaluation in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and recurrence after BCG therapy may be warranted.
TCT-594 Blunting the Double-Edged Sword of Reperfusion: Left Ventricular Unloading Protects the Functional Integrity of Mitochondrial Complex I in Preclinical Models of Ischemia With and Without Reperfusion
Authors: Lija Swain, Xiaoying Qiao, Lara Reyelt, Aditya Chennojwala, Paige Crowley, Michael Chin, Corinne Thomas, Shreyas Bhave, Navin Kapur
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
TCT-416 Efficacy and Safety of Single Versus Double Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients on Anticoagulation Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Varunsiri Atti, Mohit Turagam, Aakash Angirekula, Jalaj Garg, Poonam Velagapudi, Mir Basir, Kuladeep Gidda, Mark Terence Mujer, Supratik Rayamajhi, Scott Koerber, Rakesh Gopinnathanair, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
TCT-478 Results of the Italian Multicenter Register of the Safety and Feasibility of Transradial Mini-Invasive Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty (Softly II)
Authors: Carlo Tumscitz, Marco Balducelli, Francesco Saia, Andrea Santarelli, Tommaso Piva, Gerlando Preti, Andrea Picchi, Tiziana Attisano, Cristina Rolfo, Simona Pierini, Fabio Tarantino, Giuseppe De Iaco, Annamaria Di Cesare, Gianluca Campo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Exercise and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Relationships Among Physical Activity, Fitness, &amp; Inflammation, and Their Impacts on CLL Patients
Authors: Andrea Sitlinger, Dana P Thompson, Michael A Deal, Erwin Garcia, Tiffany Stewart, Eross Guadalupe, J. Brice Weinberg, David A Bartlett, Danielle M. Brander
Journal: Blood (2018)
Improving Survival for Patients With Early-Stage Melanoma
Authors: Ian A. Maher
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

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TCT-630 The Impact of Diabetes Mellitus in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With a Drug Eluting Stent for Unprotected Left Main Stenosis
Authors: Anastasios Roumeliotis, Davide Cao, Roxana Mehran, George Dangas, Rishi Chandiramani, Ridhima Goel, Moritz Blum, Niklas Beyhoff, Rachel Singleton, Samantha Sartori, Nitin Barman, Asaad Khan, Prakash Krishnan, Jason Kovacic, Joseph Sweeny, Usman Baber, Samin Sharma, Annapoorna Kini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
TCT-680 Validation of Virtual to Coronary Distance in Native Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Michael Fuery, Jaffar Khan, Rebecca Torguson, Paige Craig, Cheng Zhang, Anees Mussalam, James Edelman, Nauman Khalid, Evan Shlofmitz, Yuefeng Chen, Itsik Ben-Dor, Lowell Satler, Petros Okubagzi, Ron Waksman, Toby Rogers
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Whole body MRI is effective for identifying metastatic disease in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Rob Cook, Peter Davidson, Rosie Martin
Journal: BMJ (2019)

The study Taylor S, Mallett S, Beare S et al. Diagnostic accuracy of whole-body MRI versus standard imaging pathways for metastatic disease in newly diagnosed colorectal cancer: the prospective Streamline C trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019;4:529-37. This project was funded by the NIHR Health Technology Assessment Programme (project number 10/68/01). To read the full NIHR Signal, go to https://discover.dc.nihr.ac.uk/content/signal-000797/identifying-metastatic-disease-in-colorectal-cancer-with-whole-body-mri
β<sub>2</sub>Adrenergic Receptor Complexes with the L-Type Ca<sup>2+</sup>Channel Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 and AMPA-Type Glutamate Receptors: Paradigms for Pharmacological Targeting of Protein Interactions
Authors: Kwun Nok Mimi Man, Manuel F. Navedo, Mary C. Horne, Johannes W. Hell
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2019)

Formation of signaling complexes is crucial for the orchestration of fast, efficient, and specific signal transduction. Pharmacological disruption of defined signaling complexes has the potential for specific intervention in selected regulatory pathways without affecting organism-wide disruption of parallel pathways. Signaling by epinephrine and norepinephrine through α and β adrenergic receptors acts on many signaling pathways in many cell types. Here, we initially provide an overview of the signaling complexes formed between the paradigmatic β2 adrenergic receptor and two of its most important targets, the L-type Ca2+ channel CaV1.2 and the AMPA-type glutamate receptor. Importantly, both complexes contain the trimeric Gs protein, adenylyl cyclase, and the cAMP-dependent protein kinase, PKA. We then discuss the functional implications of the formation of these complexes, how those complexes can be specifically disrupted, and how such disruption could be utilized in the pharmacological treatment of disease.