tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
First-in-Human Assessment of cRGD-ZW800-1, a Zwitterionic, Integrin-Targeted, Near-Infrared Fluorescent Peptide in Colon Carcinoma
Authors: Kim S. de Valk, Marion M. Deken, Henricus J.M. Handgraaf, Shadhvi S. Bhairosingh, Okker D. Bijlstra, Michiel J. van Esdonk, Anton G.T. Terwisscha van Scheltinga, A. Rob P.M. Valentijn, Taryn L. March, Jaap Vuijk, Koen C.M.J. Peeters, Fabian A. Holman, Denise E. Hilling, J. Sven D. Mieog, John V. Frangioni, Jacobus Burggraaf, Alexander L. Vahrmeijer
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Purpose: Incomplete oncologic resections and damage to vital structures during colorectal cancer surgery increases morbidity and mortality. Moreover, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has become the standard treatment modality for locally advanced rectal cancer, where subsequent downstaging can make identification of the primary tumor more challenging during surgery. Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging can aid surgeons by providing real-time visualization of tumors and vital structures during surgery. Experimental Design: We present the first-in-human clinical experience of a novel NIR fluorescent peptide, cRGD-ZW800-1, for the detection of colon cancer. cRGD-ZW800-1 was engineered to have an overall zwitterionic chemical structure and neutral charge to lower nonspecific uptake and thus background fluorescent signal. We performed a phase I study in 11 healthy volunteer as well as a phase II feasibility study in 12 patients undergoing an elective colon resection, assessing 0.005, 0.015, and 0.05 mg/kg cRGD-ZW800-1 for the intraoperative visualization of colon cancer. Results: cRGD-ZW800-1 appears safe, and exhibited rapid elimination into urine after a single low intravenous dose. Minimal invasive intraoperative visualization of colon cancer through full-thickness bowel wall was possible after an intravenous bolus injection of 0.05 mg/kg at least 2 hours prior to surgery. Longer intervals between injection and imaging improved the tumor-to-background ratio. Conclusions: cRGD-ZW800-1 enabled fluorescence imaging of colon cancer in both open and minimal invasive surgeries. Further development of cRGD-ZW800-1 for widespread use in cancer surgery may be warranted given the ubiquitous overexpression of various integrins on different types of tumors and their vasculature.
The immune response fails to control HIV early in initial virus spread
Authors: Lillian B. Cohn, Steven G. Deeks
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Discontinued antiretroviral therapy (ART) results in uncontrolled HIV replication in most cases. How the virus population that persists during ART escapes immune control remains unknown. In this issue of the JCI, Mitchell and authors investigated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) from the blood of individuals living with HIV. After ART was discontinued and as the virus began to spread, an apparently functional pDC response emerged. Notably, these pDCs were initially capable of producing high levels of type I IFN, but rapidly lost this capacity, even before the virus became readily detectable in blood. This study suggests that dysfunctional pDCs are a key initial mechanism associated with poor HIV control. These innate immune responses might be targeted in the emerging efforts to cure HIV disease.
Covid-19: Cancer mortality could rise at least 20% because of pandemic, study finds
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Covid-19: Cancer mortality could rise at least 20% because of pandemic, study findsJacqui Wise London A new analysis estimates that at least 6270 additional deaths could occur in England over the next 12 months in patients with new cancer diagnoses-a 20% increase-as a result of the covid-19 pandemic. 1This number could rise to an estimated 17 915 additional deaths if all people who currently have cancer are considered, said the research from University College London and Data-Can, a health data research hub for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Trypsin‐Instructed Self‐Assembly on Endoplasmic Reticulum for Selectively Inhibiting Cancer Cells
Authors: Beom Jin Kim, Yu Fang, Hongjian He, Bing Xu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Selectively targeting the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of cancer cells, though promising a new strategy for cancer therapy, remains underdeveloped. Enzyme-instructed self-assembly (EISA) is emerging as a promising approach for selectively targeting ER of cancer cells. This work reports an easily accessible branched peptide that consists of a D-tetrapeptide backbone and a branch with the sequence of KYDKKKKDG (K: lysine; Y: tyrosine; D: aspratic acid; G: glycine), being an EISA substrate of typsin-1 (PRSS1), selectively inhibits cancer cells. Depending on the type of cells, the level of PRSS1 expression dictates the cytotoxicity of the branched peptide. Moreover, immunostaining and fluorescent imaging reveal that PRSS1 overexpresses on the ER of a high-grade serous ovarian cancer cell line (OVSAHO). The overexpression of PRSS1 renders the branched peptide to exhibit high selectivity against OVSAHO by the in situ formation of the peptide assemblies on the ER of OVSAHO cells, which causes ER stress and eventual cell death. This work, illustrating trypsin-guided EISA for inhibiting cancer cells by enzymatic reaction on ER for the first time, offers a new way to target the subcellular organelles of cancer cells for potential cancer therapy.
Abstract 2196: Anti-KCNH2 Antibody-induced Long QT Syndrome -Novel Acquired Form of LQT Syndrome-
Authors: Kazufumi Nakamura, Yusuke Katayama, Kayo Haraoka, Yoshinori Tani, Daiji Miura, Hiroshi Morita, Kengo F Kusano, Tetsushi Furukawa, Akinori Kimura, Yoshihisa Kurachi, Satoshi Nagase, Tohru Ohe
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The KCNH2 (HERG) channel is sensitive to various conditions such as hypokalemia, bradycardia and drugs. However, the autoimmune effect on the KCNH2 channel has not been elucidated. The ...
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the Central Nervous System
Authors: Fernanda G. De Felice, Fernanda Tovar-Moll, Jorge Moll, Douglas P. Munoz, Sergio T. Ferreira
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (2020)

Emerging evidence indicates that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), can cause neurological complications. We provide a brief overview of these recent observations and discuss some of their possible implications. In particular, given the global dimension of the current pandemic, we highlight the need to consider the possible long-term impact of COVID-19, potentially including neurological and neurodegenerative disorders.
Delaying School Start Times to Improve Population Health
Authors: Erika R. Cheng, Aaron E. Carroll
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Early Inspiratory Effort Assessment by Esophageal Manometry Predicts Noninvasive Ventilation Outcome in <i>De Novo</i> Respiratory Failure. A Pilot Study
Authors: Roberto Tonelli, Riccardo Fantini, Luca Tabbì, Ivana Castaniere, Lara Pisani, Maria Rosaria Pellegrino, Giovanni Della Casa, Roberto D’Amico, Massimo Girardis, Stefano Nava, Enrico M. Clini, Alessandro Marchioni
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

Rationale: The role of inspiratory effort still has to be determined as a potential predictor of noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) failure in acute hypoxic de novo respiratory failure.Objectives: To explore the hypothesis that inspiratory effort might be a major determinant of NIV failure in these patients.Methods: Thirty consecutive patients with acute hypoxic de novo respiratory failure admitted to a single center and candidates for a 24-hour NIV trial were enrolled. Clinical features, tidal change in esophageal pressure (ΔPes), tidal change in dynamic transpulmonary pressure (ΔPl), expiratory Vt, and respiratory rate were recorded on admission and 2-4 to 12-24 hours after NIV start and were tested for correlation with outcomes.Measurements and Main Results: ΔPes and ΔPes/ΔPl ratio were significantly lower 2 hours after NIV start in patients who successfully completed the NIV trial (n = 18) compared with those who needed endotracheal intubation (n = 12) (median [interquartile range], 11 [8-15] cm H2O vs. 31.5 [30-36] cm H2O; P < 0.0001), whereas other variables differed later. ΔPes was not related to other predictors of NIV failure at baseline. NIV-induced reduction in ΔPes of 10 cm H2O or more after 2 hours of treatment was strongly associated with avoidance of intubation and represented the most accurate predictor of treatment success (odds ratio, 15; 95% confidence interval, 2.8-110; P = 0.001 and area under the curve, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.91-1; P < 0.0001).Conclusions: The magnitude of inspiratory effort relief as assessed by ΔPes variation within the first 2 hours of NIV was an early and accurate predictor of NIV outcome at 24 hours.Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03826797).
Epidemiology and transmission of COVID-19 in 391 cases and 1286 of their close contacts in Shenzhen, China: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Qifang Bi, Yongsheng Wu, Shujiang Mei, Chenfei Ye, Xuan Zou, Zhen Zhang, Xiaojian Liu, Lan Wei, Shaun A Truelove, Tong Zhang, Wei Gao, Cong Cheng, Xiujuan Tang, Xiaoliang Wu, Yu Wu, Binbin Sun, Suli Huang, Yu Sun, Juncen Zhang, Ting Ma, Justin Lessler, Tiejian Feng
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020)
2019 EULAR points to consider for non-physician health professionals to prevent and manage fragility fractures in adults 50 years or older
Authors: Jo Adams, Nicky Wilson, Emalie Hurkmans, Margot Bakkers, Petra Balážová, Mark Baxter, Anne-Birgitte Blavnsfeldt, Karine Briot, Catharina Chiari, Cyrus Cooper, Razvan Gabriel Dragoi, Gabriele Gäbler, Willem Lems, Erika Mosor, Sandra Pais, Cornelia Simon, Paul Studenic, Simon Tilley, Jenny de la Torre-Aboki, Tanja A Stamm
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Objective To establish European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) points to consider for non-physician health professionals to prevent and manage fragility fractures in adults 50 years or older. Methods Points to consider were developed in accordance with EULAR standard operating procedures for EULAR-endorsed recommendations, led by an international multidisciplinary task force, including patient research partners and different health professionals from 10 European countries. Level of evidence and strength of recommendation were determined for each point to consider, and the mean level of agreement among the task force members was calculated. Results Two overarching principles and seven points to consider were formulated based on scientific evidence and the expert opinion of the task force. The two overarching principles focus on shared decisions between patients and non-physician health professionals and involvement of different non-physician health professionals in prevention and management of fragility fractures. Four points to consider relate to prevention: identification of patients at risk of fracture, fall risk evaluation, multicomponent interventions to prevent primary fracture and discouragement of smoking and overuse of alcohol. The remaining three focus on management of fragility fractures: exercise and nutritional interventions, the organisation and coordination of multidisciplinary services for post-fracture models of care and adherence to anti-osteoporosis medicines. The mean level of agreement among the task force for the overarching principles and the points to consider ranged between 8.4 and 9.6. Conclusion These first EULAR points to consider for non-physician health professionals to prevent and manage fragility fractures in adults 50 years or older serve to guide healthcare practice and education.
Covid-19: Doctors challenge legality of government’s PPE guidance
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The BMJ Two doctors have launched an urgent legal challenge to guidance by NHS England on personal protective equipment (PPE), which they claim fails to protect them from infection with covid-19.Meenal Viz, a clinical fellow in medicine, and her husband Nishant Joshi, a GP trainee, claim that the guidance, which was issued at a time of continuing shortages of masks and gowns, fails to comply with international standards set by the World Health Organization or domestic legislation on health and safety at work.Viz, who is pregnant, recently demonstrated outside 10 Downing Street about shortages of PPE, and Joshi is currently doing a stint in a hospital as part of his training.Both have been exposed to patients with covid-19.Represented by the law firm Bindmans, they say they are concerned that the guidance is unclear about the level of PPE that is considered acceptable, the risks to frontline staff with different levels of PPE, and the right to refuse to work without adequate levels of PPE.
IL-23 and IL-2 activation of STAT5 is required for optimal IL-22 production in ILC3s during colitis
Authors: David Bauché, Barbara Joyce-Shaikh, Julie Fong, Alejandro V. Villarino, Karin S. Ku, Renu Jain, Yu-chi Lee, Lakshmanan Annamalai, Jennifer H. Yearley, Daniel J. Cua
Journal: Science Immunology (2020)

Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins have critical roles in the development and function of immune cells. STAT signaling is often dysregulated in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), suggesting the importance of STAT regulation during the disease process. Moreover, genetic alterations in STAT3 and STAT5 (e.g., deletions, mutations, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms) are associated with an increased risk for IBD. In this study, we elucidated the precise roles of STAT5 signaling in group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), a key subset of immune cells involved in the maintenance of gut barrier integrity. We show that mice lacking either STAT5a or STAT5b are more susceptible to Citrobacter rodentium-mediated colitis and that interleukin-2 (IL-2)- and IL-23-induced STAT5 drives IL-22 production in both mouse and human colonic lamina propria ILC3s. Mechanistically, IL-23 induces a STAT3-STAT5 complex that binds IL-22 promoter DNA elements in ILC3s. Our data suggest that STAT5a/b signaling in ILC3s maintains gut epithelial integrity during pathogen-induced intestinal disease.
A disposable diaper in an N95 respirator
Authors: Zexing Song, Jun Xie, Jintao Zhu, Juan Tao
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)

During the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, the shortage of protective respirators has become a major problem, and feasible methods that help prolong the life cycle and reusability of respirators are critical. In addition, the comfort properties of respirators are of great importance and may affect health care workers' compliance with wearing them. However, the protective masks available generally lack reasonable comfort for wearers. Superabsorbent polymer (SAP), a harmless material capable of absorbing and retaining large amounts of liquid relative to its own weight,1Mignon A. De Belie N. Dubruel P. Van Vlierberghe S. Superabsorbent polymers: a review on the characteristics and applications of synthetic, polysaccharide-based, semi-synthetic and 'smart' derivatives.Eur Polym J. 2019; 117: 165-178Crossref Scopus (171) Google Scholar is easily obtainable by cutting off the absorbent layer of everyday items and hospital supplies (eg, a disposable diaper, sanitary napkin, or incontinence pad). An N95 respirator with an SAP pad could rapidly absorb sweat, water vapor, and exhaled splutter, but the SAP pad itself gets wet very slowly, which greatly reduces the humidity of respirators during wearing, leading to longer life cycle and improved comfort.2Kim J.H. Wu T. Powell J.B. Roberge R.J. Physiologic and fit factor profiles of N95 and P100 filtering facepiece respirators for use in hot, humid environments.Am J Infect Control. 2016; 44: 194-198Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (55) Google Scholar First, get an incontinence pad and peel off its waterproof film to get the absorbent layer containing SAP (the SAP pad). Next, cut the SAP pad into the proper shape and size that fit the respirator well. Finally, place the SAP pad on the inside of the respirator (Fig 1). From our experience, a single SAP pad is thin enough to maintain the protectivity of respirators; it can be used much longer (>4 hours) without getting wet or dropping off and mildly decreases the air permeability compared with other solutions, such as using a paper towel or cotton pad.
Role of phototherapy in the era of biologics
Authors: Angeli Eloise Torres, Alexis B. Lyons, Iltefat H. Hamzavi, Henry W. Lim
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)

Phototherapy is a safe and effective treatment for many dermatologic conditions. With the advent of novel biologics and small molecule inhibitors, it is important to critically evaluate the role of phototherapy in dermatology. Surveys have shown that many dermatology residency programs do not dedicate time to teaching residents how to prescribe or administer phototherapy. Limitations of phototherapy include access to a center, time required for treatments, and insurance approval. Home phototherapy, a viable option, is also underused. However, it should be emphasized that modern phototherapy has been in use for over 40 years, has an excellent safety profile, and does not require laboratory monitoring. It can be safely combined with many other treatment modalities, including biologics and small molecule inhibitors. In addition, phototherapy costs significantly less than these novel agents. Dermatologists are the only group of physicians who have the expertise and proper training to deliver this treatment modality to our patients. Therefore, to continue to deliver high-quality, cost-effective care, it is imperative that phototherapy be maintained as an integral part of the dermatology treatment armamentarium.
Multifunctional Pacemaker Lead for Cardiac Energy Harvesting and Pressure Sensing
Authors: Lin Dong, Andrew B. Closson, Congran Jin, Yuan Nie, Andrew Cabe, Danny Escobedo, Shicheng Huang, Ian Trase, Zhe Xu, Zi Chen, Marc D. Feldman, John X. J. Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Abstract Biomedical self‐sustainable energy generation represents a new frontier of power solution for implantable biomedical devices (IMDs), such as cardiac pacemakers. However, almost all reported cardiac energy harvesting designs have not yet reached the stage of clinical translation. A major bottleneck has been the need of additional surgeries for the placements of these devices. Here, integrated piezoelectric‐based energy harvesting and sensing designs are reported, which can be seamlessly incorporated into existing IMDs for ease of clinical translation. In vitro experiments validate the energy harvesting process by simulating the bending and twisting motion during heart cycle. Clinical translation is demonstrated in four porcine hearts in vivo under various conditions. Energy harvesting strategy utilizes pacemaker leads as a means of reducing the reliance on batteries and demonstrates the charging ability for extending the lifetime of a pacemaker battery by 20%, which provides a promising self‐sustainable energy solution for IMDs. The additional self‐powered blood pressure sensing is discussed, and the reported results demonstrate the potential in alerting arrhythmias by monitoring the right ventricular pressure variations. This combined cardiac energy harvesting and blood pressure sensing strategy provides a multifunctional, transformative while practical power and diagnosis solution for cardiac pacemakers and next generation of IMDs.
Clinical and immunopathologic features of idiopathic cutaneous immunoglobulin M/G vasculitis versus idiopathic skin-limited immunoglobulin A vasculitis
Authors: Angelo Valerio Marzano, Giovanni Genovese, Simona Tavecchio, Francesca Germiniasi, Daniele Fanoni, Marzia Caproni, Alex Ortega-Loayza
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Risks to children and young people during covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Peter Green
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Measures being taken to control the spread of covid-19 are causing what has been dubbed a "secondary pandemic" 1 of child neglect and abuse.As one senior paediatrician summed it up: "Children are perversely suffering for the benefit of adults." 2The need to reduce the clinical effect on adults is urgent.However, in a very British fashion, 3 the secondary harm being done to the adults of the future, when there is already an established child health crisis in the UK, 4 is not being properly considered.This must change.
Editor's Note: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Is Overexpressed in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer, and the EGFR Inhibitor Gefitinib Inhibits the Growth of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Bradley A. Schiff, Andrea B. McMurphy, Samar A. Jasser, Maher N. Younes, Dao Doan, Orhan G. Yigitbasi, Seungwon Kim, Ge Zhou, Mahitosh Mandal, Benjamin N. Bekele, F. Christopher Holsinger, Steven I. Sherman, Sai-Ching Yeung, Adel K. El-Naggar, Jeffrey N. Myers
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)
Acute coronary syndromes and acute heart failure: a diagnostic dilemma and high‐risk combination. A statement from the Acute Heart Failure Committee of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Veli‐Pekka Harjola, John Parissis, Johann Bauersachs, Hans‐Peter Brunner‐La Rocca, Hector Bueno, Jelena Čelutkienė, Ovidiu Chioncel, Andrew J.S. Coats, Sean P. Collins, Rudolf A. de Boer, Gerasimos Filippatos, Etienne Gayat, Loreena Hill, Mika Laine, Johan Lassus, Jyri Lommi, Josep Masip, Alexandre Mebazaa, Marco Metra, Òscar Miró, Andrea Mortara, Christian Mueller, Wilfried Mullens, W. Frank Peacock, Markku Pentikäinen, Massimo F. Piepoli, Effie Polyzogopoulou, Alain Rudiger, Frank Ruschitzka, Petar Seferovic, Alessandro Sionis, John R. Teerlink, Thomas Thum, Marjut Varpula, Jean Marc Weinstein, Mehmet B. Yilmaz
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2020)
Standardized reporting of monoclonal immunoglobulin–associated renal diseases: recommendations from a Mayo Clinic/Renal Pathology Society Working Group
Authors: Sanjeev Sethi, Cynthia C. Nast, Vivette D. D’Agati, Fernando C. Fervenza, Richard J. Glassock, Michael B. Stokes, An S. De Vriese, Gerald B. Appel, Anthony Chang, Fernando Cosio, Loren Herrera Hernandez, Glen S. Markowitz, Shaji K. Kumar, Mariam P. Alexander, Hatem Amer, David Murray, Samih H. Nasr, Nelson Leung, Antonello Pani, Maria M. Picken, Aishwarya Ravindran, Dario Roccatello, Pierre Ronco, Virginie Royal, Kelly D. Smith, Ashutosh D. Wechalekar, Jack Wetzels, Ladan Zand, Pingchuan Zhang, Mark Haas
Journal: Kidney International (2020)