tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Press: The uninvited
Authors: Jennifer Monahan
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The British press recently set a record-five consecutive days in which the phrase “bogus asylum-seekers” did not appear. These were the days immediately after the discovery that 58 clandestine migrants from China had asphyxiated in a sealed container bound for Dover from Belgium.

The Daily Mail (24 June) showed how good a paper it can be when it applies its considerable resources to honest reporting. Its reporter, Rebecca Fowler, dispatched a two page story from Fujian Province, southern China, in which the reasons why so many young people leave for the West were sympathetically explored. The Sun (22 June) picked up another stowaway story. This time it was 24 people trying to leave Britain in a freight train bound for Milan. The language was unusually restrained: “Migrants make tracks,” said the headline.



Refugees in Dover (BRENDAN CORR/REX FEATURES)



The tragedy of the 58 drew the fire away from asylum seekers and towards the traffickers, whom all the press fingered as the real criminals. Nick Cohen in the New Statesman (24 June) traced culpability further, pointing out that “European Union governments have made it all …
Acupuncture may help to treat addictions
Authors: Richard Tingay
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Scientists from the Yale School of Medicine in the United States believe that they have evidence that addictions may be controlled using acupuncture.

The study, published in the Archives of Internal Medicine (2000;160:2305-12), showed that auricular acupuncture may have a part to play in treating cocaine addiction. Out of 82 cocaine dependent patients, 57% of whom were men and 43% women, …
Spectator sports: the opium of the people?
Authors: Stephen Damato
Journal: BMJ (2004)

This summer's orgy of sporting events has been eagerly awaited by youngsters and adults alike. Unlike the masses, however, I care for neither England nor any other team in Euro 2004. Watching men running around in shorts has always seemed like a waste of time to me. And for the patriots out there: aren't there more relevant reasons to be proud of your country?

People are quick to blame trashy soaps for the rise of the couch potato, whereas watching football is seen to be the virtue of a true man. However, at 90 minutes a go (plus 30 minutes of halftime and postmatch arguing), a football match is three time as long …
CRISPR-SONIC: targeted somatic oncogene knock-in enables rapid in vivo cancer modeling
Authors: Haiwei Mou, Deniz M. Ozata, Jordan L. Smith, Ankur Sheel, Suet-Yan Kwan, Soren Hough, Alper Kucukural, Zachary Kennedy, Yueying Cao, Wen Xue
Journal: Genome Medicine (2019)

CRISPR/Cas9 has revolutionized cancer mouse models. Although loss-of-function genetics by CRISPR/Cas9 is well-established, generating gain-of-function alleles in somatic cancer models is still challenging because of the low efficiency of gene knock-in. Here we developed CRISPR-based Somatic Oncogene kNock-In for Cancer Modeling (CRISPR-SONIC), a method for rapid in vivo cancer modeling using homology-independent repair to integrate oncogenes at a targeted genomic locus. Using a dual guide RNA strategy, we integrated a plasmid donor in the 3'-UTR of mouse β-actin, allowing co-expression of reporter genes or oncogenes from the β-actin promoter. We showed that knock-in of oncogenic Ras and loss of p53 efficiently induced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in mice. Further, our strategy can generate bioluminescent liver cancer to facilitate tumor imaging. This method simplifies in vivo gain-of-function genetics by facilitating targeted integration of oncogenes.
Never say the “Q” word
Authors: Patrick Davies, Adam Fox
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Never say the “Q” word Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Health and human rights
Authors: Vivek Naranbhai
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The website of the Nobel prize winning Physicians for Human Rights (www.physiciansforhumanrights.org) is a good place to start. The site is vibrant but not gaudy, easily navigable, and well structured. It links to many incisive and scientific reports of investigations from members around the world. The section for students is useful if you intend starting a chapter at your school. An online international forensic course is a highlight, and the free medicine and human rights course developed by the organisation and the University of Dundee, though dated …
Abstract 15818: Cardiac Arrest Risk Standardization in Pennsylvania Using Administrative Data Compared to Registry Data
Authors: Anne V Grossestreuer, Brendan G Carr, David G Buckler, David N Karp, Benjamin S Abella, Michael W Donnino, David F Gaieski, Douglas J Wiebe
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Methods to compare hospitals regarding out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) outcomes, vital for improving resuscitation performance, rely on data collected by CA registries. Most OHCA patients are treated at hospitals that do not participate in such registries. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that OHCA risk standardization modeling based on administrative data could perform as well as that based on registry data. Methods: Patients in Pennsylvania with OHCA in 2013 were identified from Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival (CARES) and matched to 2013 Medicare ED visits and admissions data using iterative deterministic matching. CARES and Medicare data were used to develop two separate risk standardization models with death prior to hospital discharge as the outcome, with CARES as the “gold standard.” Variables were model candidates if they had a univariate relationship with death with a p-value <0.25 and were considered “non-modifiable.” Due to a limited number of survivors, variables were...
Physicians Respond to Accurate, Actionable Data on Their Performance
Authors: Jack S. Resneck, Marta VanBeek
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Written exam questions: epilepsy
Authors: Elliott Smock
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Do you want more practice in answering written exam questions? Elliott Smock kicks off a new series, explaining the theoretical background to commonly encountered multiple choice questions.

This week its epilepsy



Fig 1 

1.  Concerning partial seizures         Match the symptoms listed with the site of the epileptic focus in the cortex of the brain (fig 1).

2.  Epilepsy (a) Is always incurable; (b) May be treated surgically; (c) May be controlled by drugs; (d) Is caused by an abundance of the neurotransmitter 4-aminobutyric acid (GABA); (e) Is rarely seen in childhood.

3.  Match the symptom with the type of seizure
        Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all. (I) Rhythmic jerking of the muscles (tonic-clonic). (II) Localised muscle jerks which spread to other parts of the body (Jacksonian march). (III) Loss of consciousness only; (IV) Rhythmic clenching of one fist only. (V) Rhythmic clenching of one fist only and loss of consciousness; (a) Absence seizure; (b) Generalised seizure; (c) Complex partial seizure; (d) Simple partial seizure leading to generalised seizure; (e) Simple partial seizure.

4.  Medication used in the treatment of epilepsy Please answer true or false to the following statements. …
Role play and real life
Authors: Benjamin Harris
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Lectures, tutorials, and role playing-communication skills at medical schools form a substantial, though often unpopular, part of the medical curriculum. Common complaints at my medical school included the poor quality of the actors used in role play and unrealistic scenarios. Most of us attended all the classes, however, to learn and improve as much as possible. There was also that other benefit: some of the actors and similar scenarios might make a comeback in the finals.

On starting my first job I felt well prepared for the communication challenges ahead. After all, in the …
Global Snapshots - United States: vast resources for the rich
Authors: Dave Barr
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Illness is big business in the United States. In 2000, the world's largest economy spent 13% of its gross domestic product on health care.1 It has a workforce of 650 000 doctors.2 The resources are vast, but how are they administered, and do they really meet the health needs of the United States' 280 million people?

The US system is extremely diverse and decentralised, and traditionally, funding and delivery are separately administered.1

There is a mixture of both private and public funding. Nearly two thirds of people have their health care funded through private insurance schemes through their …
Translating insights into tumor evolution to clinical practice: promises and challenges
Authors: Matthew W. Fittall, Peter Van Loo
Journal: Genome Medicine (2019)

Accelerating technological advances have allowed the widespread genomic profiling of tumors. As yet, however, the vast catalogues of mutations that have been identified have made only a modest impact on clinical medicine. Massively parallel sequencing has informed our understanding of the genetic evolution and heterogeneity of cancers, allowing us to place these mutational catalogues into a meaningful context. Here, we review the methods used to measure tumor evolution and heterogeneity, and the potential and challenges for translating the insights gained to achieve clinical impact for cancer therapy, monitoring, early detection, risk stratification, and prevention. We discuss how tumor evolution can guide cancer therapy by targeting clonal and subclonal mutations both individually and in combination. Circulating tumor DNA and circulating tumor cells can be leveraged for monitoring the efficacy of therapy and for tracking the emergence of resistant subclones. The evolutionary history of tumors can be deduced for late-stage cancers, either directly by sampling precursor lesions or by leveraging computational approaches to infer the timing of driver events. This approach can identify recurrent early driver mutations that represent promising avenues for future early detection strategies. Emerging evidence suggests that mutational processes and complex clonal dynamics are active even in normal development and aging. This will make discriminating developing malignant neoplasms from normal aging cell lineages a challenge. Furthermore, insight into signatures of mutational processes that are active early in tumor evolution may allow the development of cancer-prevention approaches. Research and clinical studies that incorporate an appreciation of the complex evolutionary patterns in tumors will not only produce more meaningful genomic data, but also better exploit the vulnerabilities of cancer, resulting in improved treatment outcomes.
Not a professional act, this
Authors: Kaushal Raj Pandey
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Having studied late into the previous night, the pleasure of a lie-in was interrupted when staff at my hostel ran into my room. They had been trying to call me: “You've had a telephone caller waiting for five minutes now.” I apologised to the caller before asking who was on the other end. “Hey, Kaushal. This is your uncle speaking, and I have had a headache since yesterday. Please buy me a ticket for the outpatient department, for the best neurologist in your hospital. …
World AIDS Day
Authors: Andrew Moscrop
Journal: BMJ (2001)

1 December will mark the thirteenth World AIDS Day and the culmination of the 2001 World AIDS Campaign.

The purpose of World AIDS Day is to raise awareness of the disease and to encourage changes in attitudes towards people with HIV and AIDS. The National AIDS Trust is responsible for coordinating World AIDS Day activities in Britain. It claims that increasing public knowledge and understanding of the issues will benefit …
Tattooing and the risk of acquiring hepatitis C infection
Authors: Bertus Eksteen, Janusz Jankowski
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Diseases transmitted by blood transfusion have played a major part in medical practice throughout the past two decades. HIV and hepatitis B dominated the 1980s and were followed by a worldwide pandemic of infection with hepatitis C virus, with up to 2% of adults in the West infected.12 Risk factors for viruses associated with trans fusion relate predominantly to the direct transfer of infected blood or, to a lesser extent, of bodily fluids, such as semen, between individuals (see box). Patient populations dependent on transfusion products—for example, patients with haemophilia—were often all but destroyed by coinfection with hepatitis C and HIV.1 The availability and widespread use of vaccines against hepatitis B virus has shifted attention towards hepatitis C and HIV, both of which are largely not curable with current drug therapies, and no suitable vaccines have been developed. Hepatitis C infection is of particular concern as 20-30% of affected patients will develop end stage liver disease within 20 years. Once cirrhosis is established there is a further risk of primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) of up …
Why there is more to life than medicine
Authors: John Haynes
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Talk to teaching hospital consultants, and most will tell you that you should be thinking of your career. Ask final year medical students and many will be planning their career. Speak to a large number of junior doctors and most will be hacked off with their career.

Out of my circle of friends from medical school, 5 have left medicine. Some for associated fields, like working for the BMJ. Some for totally different fields, like Fund Management. Why the disenchantment with medicine?

I qualified in 1997. I am 28, an SHO in Psychiatry in Bristol. My friends are out watching the football. I want to be with them. Instead I'm stuck with my text books, revising …
Tips on…Getting teaching on the wards
Authors: Rhydian Harris, Isobel Fitzgerald
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Approach a senior house officer—Senior house officers (SHOs) are close enough to graduating from medical school to remember student life. They are easily approachable and able to give advice on books, exam tips, and career guidance. Yet at the same time, SHOs are likely to be doing exams and should be oozing with knowledge. They are therefore in a unique position to pass on their wisdom. Teaching is assumed as part of an SHO's training as set by his or her employing deanery. Most SHOs write on their CV that they …
Smoking may cause depression in teenagers
Authors: Siân Knight
Journal: BMJ (2000)

As well as causing respiratory problems, smoking cigarettes may lead to depression in teenagers, according to a report published in Pediatrics (2000;106(4):748-55).

The study followed 15 000 United States teenagers over a year, and found that teenagers whosmokedwere morethan twice as likely to develop high depressive symptoms than those who were non-smokers (10.5% v 4.8%).

The heaviest smokers seem …
Students teaching IT skills bridges digital divide
Authors: Raghav Chawla
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Teaching basic computing skills to fellow medical students during your elective may help narrow the digital gap between industrialised and developing countries, recent research shows ( BMC Public Health 2004;4:37).

The study was done by UK medical students during their electives at Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences (MUCHS) in Dar es Salaam, the largest medical school in east Africa and the …
Abstract P071: Association of Baseline Depressive Symptoms With 6-Year Incidence of Diabetes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Authors: Matthew J O'Brien, Mercedes R Carnethon, Frank J Penedo, Karen M Tabb, Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller, Neil Schneiderman, Tasneem Khambaty, Maria M Llabre, Marisa J Perera, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Linda C Gallo, Krista M Perreira, Martha Daviglus
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Among Hispanics/Latinos, there is substantial heterogeneity in the prevalence of depressive symptoms and diabetes by background. This study aimed to examine the association between depressive symptoms and incident diabetes among Hispanic/Latino adults of diverse backgrounds. Methods: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) is a prospective, community-based study of 16,415 self-identified Hispanic/Latino adults aged 18-74 years at Visit 1 (2008-2011) and 10,914 who have also completed the Visit 2 examination by August 2017. This analysis includes 8,804 participants who were free from diabetes at baseline and attended both Visits. Baseline depressive symptoms were assessed using the CES-D 10-item depression scale and divided into quartiles. Incident diabetes was defined by fasting glucose ≥126mg/dL, 2-hour postload glucose 140-199mg/dL, HbA1c ≥6.5%, or self-report. Accounting for HCHS/SOL complex survey design, we used Poisson regression models to estimate diabetes incidence density ratios (Table). Results: Baseline BMI was associated with both depressive symptoms and incident diabetes. Overall, 876 participants developed diabetes. In analyses stratified by Hispanic/Latino background, the association between baseline depressive symptoms and incident diabetes was significant for South Americans, Central Americans, and Mexicans. No significant associations between depressive symptoms and diabetes were seen among Hispanics/Latinos of Dominican, Cuban, or Puerto Rican backgrounds. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the association between depressive symptoms and incident diabetes in Hispanics/Latinos may differ by their background, with South and Central Americans at the highest risk. This difference may be partly explained by variation in participants’ understanding of CES-D questions by Hispanic/Latino background. Future research is needed to understand these novel findings fully and explore their implications for practice and policy.
The changing profile of medical education in South Africa
Authors: Dan J Ncayiyana
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Healthcare provision still has problems hanging over from the apartheid era Medical education in South Africa is undergoing dramatic changes in response to a variety of influences (see box 1), chief among which is the end of apartheid and the subsequent transition to democratic rule following the 1994 elections. In the apartheid era, South Africa's eight medical schools admitted students according to ethnicity and language. Three admitted only black students, three admitted only white students with a preference for Afrikaans as the language of instruction, and two admitted whites and used English as the language of instruction (see box 2). The university of Cape Town (UCT) and the university of the Witwatersrand (Wits) had taken advantage of legal loopholes in the apartheid era to admit a handful of black students each year as a way of asserting their status as liberal institutions. Conversely, the Afrikaans medium universities had readily embraced the legislation to exclude black students on ideological grounds. ### Box 1 - Changes in the face of medical education in the “new” South Africa after the 1994 democratic electionsRETURN TO TEXT
Oxygen-enhanced MRI Is Feasible, Repeatable, and Detects Radiotherapy-induced Change in Hypoxia in Xenograft Models and in Patients with Non–small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ahmed Salem, Ross A. Little, Ayşe Latif, Adam K. Featherstone, Muhammad Babur, Isabel Peset, Susan Cheung, Yvonne Watson, Victoria Tessyman, Hitesh Mistry, Garry Ashton, Caron Behan, Julian C. Matthews, Marie-Claude Asselin, Robert G. Bristow, Alan Jackson, Geoff J.M. Parker, Corinne Faivre-Finn, Kaye J. Williams, James P.B. O'Connor
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Hypoxia is associated with poor prognosis and is predictive of poor response to cancer treatments, including radiotherapy. Developing noninvasive biomarkers that both detect hypoxia prior to treatment and track change in tumor hypoxia following treatment is required urgently.
Acute Liver Failure During Pirfenidone Treatment Triggered by Co‐Medication With Esomeprazole
Authors: Andreas Benesic, Kowcee Jalal, Alexander L. Gerbes
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

1Department of Medicine IILiver Centre Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, University of MunichMunichGermany 2MetaHeps GmbHMartinsriedGermany * Address Correspondence and Reprint Requests to: Andreas Benesic, M.D. Department of Medicine II, Liver Centre Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, University of Munich Marchioninistr. 15 81377 Munich, Germany E‐mail: [email protected] Tel.: +49 (0)89 4400 73130
Life and loathings of a new doctor: A grave subject
Authors: Stephen Goldie
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Part of the almost daily routine of a junior doctor is to certify the death of patients who die on your ward. For various reasons I have found that the grim reaper tends to swing his scythe in the medical wards more often when compared to my experiences in the surgical wards. Legally it's a huge responsibility to certify a death and therefore it's important not to become too …
A cultured Nobel prize winner
Authors: Ronan W Glynn
Journal: BMJ (2007)

In 1982 <b>Barry Marshall</b> and Robin Warren cultured <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> for the first time and defied conventional medical wisdom by declaring the bacteria the cause of most stomach ulcers. Marshall received the Lasker prize in 1995, the most coveted prize in US medicine, because “rarely do the discoveries of a single individual change the lives of countless millions within … a decade.” And in 2005 Marshall and Warren were awarded the Nobel prize for medicine. Today Marshall is a clinical professor at the University of Western Australia. <b>Ronan W Glynn</b> caught up with him