tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Maternal Plasma Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Miscarriage: A Nested Case–Control Study in the Danish National Birth Cohort
Authors: Zeyan Liew, Jiajun Luo, Ellen A. Nohr, Bodil Hammer Bech, Rossana Bossi, Onyebuchi A. Arah, Jørn Olsen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2020)

BACKGROUND: Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread persistent organic pollutants and endocrine disruptors.High doses of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure can cause pregnancy loss and infant deaths in animals, but the associations between PFAS exposures and risk of miscarriage in humans are not well studied.METHODS: Using a case-control study nested within the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC, 1996(DNBC, -2002)), we compared 220 pregnancies ending in miscarriage during weeks 12-22 of gestation, with 218 pregnancies resulting in live births.Levels of seven types of PFAS [PFOS, PFOA, perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluoroheptane sulfonate (PFHpS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOSA)] were measured in maternal plasma collected in early gestation (mean gestational week 8).We estimated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for miscarriage and each PFAS as a continuous variable or in quartiles, controlling for maternal age, parity, socio-occupational status, smoking and alcohol intake, gestational week of blood sampling, and maternal history of miscarriage.Stratification by parity and PFAS mixture analyses using weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were also conducted.RESULTS: We observed a monotonic increase in odds for miscarriage associated with increasing PFOA and PFHpS levels.The ORs comparing the highest PFOA or PFHpS quartile to the lowest were 2.2 (95% CI: 1.2, 3.9) and 1.8 (95% CI: 1.0, 3.2).The ORs were also elevated for the second or third quartile of PFHxS or PFOS, but no consistent exposure-outcome pattern emerged.An interquartile range (IQR) increment in the WQS index of seven PFAS was associated with 64% higher odds for miscarriage (95% CI: 1.15, 2.34).The associations were stronger in parous women, while findings were inconsistent among nulliparous women.CONCLUSION: Maternal exposures to higher levels of PFOA, PFHpS, and PFAS mixtures were associated with the risk of miscarriage and particularly among parous women.Larger replication studies among nulliparous women are needed to allay concerns about confounding by reproductive history.
Traction is most important for the widespread use of endoscopic submucosal dissection, especially in procedures presenting particular difficulty
Authors: Yutaka Saito, Adolfo Parra-Blanco
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

We read the article from Su et al. [1] with great interest. The authors re-evaluated the safety and efficacy of traction-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection (TA-ESD) relative to conventional ESD (C-ESD) in a study that was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. They performed subgroup analyses according to lesion location and meta-regression using lesion size.
New insights into the pharmacological, immunological, and CAR-T-cell approaches in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Michele Dal Bo, Elena De Mattia, Lorena Baboci, Silvia Mezzalira, Erika Cecchin, Yehuda G. Assaraf, Giuseppe Toffoli
Journal: Drug Resistance Updates (2020)

The tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) sorafenib continues to be the anchor drug in the treatment of advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Other TKIs as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have also been approved, however the response rates remain poor and heterogeneous among HCC patients, largely due to antitumor drug resistance. Studies aimed at identifying novel biomarkers and developing new strategies to improve the response to current treatment and to overcome drug resistance, are urgently needed. Germline or somatic mutations, neoantigens, and an immunotolerogenic state against constant inflammatory stimuli in the liver, are crucial for the anti-tumor response. A pharmacogenetic approach has been attempted considering germline polymorphisms in genes encoding for proteins involved in drug-targeted pathways. Single gene and comprehensive multi-gene somatic profiling approaches have been adopted in HCC to identify tumor sensitivity scores and immunogenic profiles that can be exploited for new biomarkers and innovative therapeutic approaches. However, the high genomic heterogeneity of tumors and lack of molecularly targeted agents, hamper the discovery of specific molecular markers of resistance to therapy. Adoptive cell therapy with chimeric antigen receptor redirected T (CAR-T) cells targeting specific tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) was proposed recently. The specificity of the chosen TAA, an efficient homing of CAR-T cells to the tumor site, and the ability of CAR-T cells to survive in the tumor microenvironment are central factors in the success of CAR-T therapy. The current review describes the principal systemic treatments for HCC and the molecular evidence regarding potential predictive host and somatic genetic markers, as well as the emerging strategy of liquid biopsy for disease monitoring. Novel immunotherapeutic approaches for HCC treatment, including the use of ICIs and CAR-T, as well as strategies to overcome drug resistance, are discussed.
Abstract 16382: Length of Food Chain is Crucial in Determining the Impact of Mediterranean Diet on Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Gaetano Santulli, Valeria Pascale, Rosa Finelli, Valeria Visco, Enrico Coscioni, Rocco Giannotti, Angelo Massari, Michele Ciccarelli, Guido Iaccarino
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Substantial evidence has shown that Mediterranean diet can reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the development of retail distribution has radically changed food suppl...
Role of immunosuppressive therapy in rheumatic diseases concurrent with COVID-19
Authors: Chenyang Lu, Shasha Li, Yi Liu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

The covid-19 has been declared a pandemic by WHO since 11 March 2020.1 The cumulative incidence of covid-19 cases is showing similar trends in European Union and USA, and the UK confirmed that, while at a different stage depending on the country, the covid-19 pandemic is progressing rapidly in all countries.2 As of 10 April 2020, covid-19 has been confirmed in 1521252 people worldwide, carrying a mortality of approximately 6.1%.3 With tens of millions of individuals suffering rheumatic diseases (RDs) around the world who routinely receive glucocorticoids and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) (table 1), RD patients with compromised immune systems make up a large population of susceptible patients in which novel coronavirus infection may cause devastating consequences.

View this table:

Table 1 
Summary of drugs commonly used in rheumatic diseases and their mechanisms of action



Accumulating evidence suggests that a subgroup of patients with severe covid-19 might have a cytokine storm syndrome represented by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, which are two of main causes of mortality.4 Disease severity of covid-19 was correlated with hypercytokinaemia, characterised by increased serum interleukin (IL)-2, IL-7, IL-10, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), IP10/CXCL10, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), macrophage inﬂammatory protein 1-α (MIP-1), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), ferritin and IL-6.5–8 In addition, decreased monocyte count was found in patients with covid-19,9 low levels of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells were more common in severe cases,7 while numbers of leucocytes, B cells and NK cells were similar between patients and healthy controls.9 On the novel coronavirus infection, CD4+ T cells were activated to become pathogenic Th1 cells and generate granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, augmenting the expression …
A multi‐institutional comparison of mitoxantrone, etoposide, and cytarabine vs high‐dose cytarabine and mitoxantrone therapy for patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Sonia Christian, Saad Arain, Pritesh Patel, Irum Khan, Gregory S. Calip, Vaibhav Agrawal, Karen Sweiss, Shawn Griffin, Kirk Cahill, Heiko Konig, Aysenur Esen, Ardaman Shergill, Olatoyosi Odenike, Wendy Stock, John G. Quigley
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2020)

Abstract Relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) has a poor prognosis and is best treated with salvage chemotherapy as a bridge to allogeneic stem cell transplant (alloSCT). However, the optimal salvage therapy remains unknown. Here we compared two salvage regimens; mitoxantrone, etoposide, and cytarabine (MEC) and mitoxantrone and high‐dose Ara‐C (Ara‐C couplets). We analyzed 155 patients treated at three academic institutions between 1998 and 2017; 87 patients received MEC and 68 received Ara‐C couplets. The primary endpoint was overall response (OR). Secondary endpoints included progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), duration of hospitalization, hematologic and nonhematologic toxicities, and success in proceeding to alloSCT. Baseline characteristics of the cohorts were well matched, though patients receiving Ara‐C couplets had more co‐morbidities (48.5% vs 33%; P = .07). OR was achieved in 43.7% of MEC and 54.4% of Ara‐C couplets patients ( P = .10). Ara‐C couplets patients also trended towards a longer OS and PFS, more frequently proceeded to alloSCT (31% vs 54.4%; P = .003), and experienced less febrile neutropenia (94% vs 72%; P &lt; .001) and grade 3/4 gastrointestinal toxicities (17.2% vs 2.94%; P = .005). No significant differences in other toxicities or median duration of hospitalization were noted. This is the first multi‐institutional study directly comparing these regimens in a racially diverse population of R/R AML patients. Although these regimens have equivalent efficacy in terms of achieving OR, Ara‐C couplets use is associated with significant reductions in toxicities, suggesting it should be used more frequently in these patients.
PS29MRC - a Novel Predictive Score for Response to Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Tobias Herold, Vindi Jurinovic, Klaus H. Metzeler, Aarif Batcha, Stefan Bamopoulos, Maja Rothenberg-Thurley, Bianka Ksienzyk, Luise Hartmann, Philipp Greif, Julia Phillippou-Massier, Stefan Krebs, Helmut Blum, Susanne Amler, Stephanie Schneider, Christina Sauerland, Dennis Görlich, Thomas Büchner, Wolfgang E Berdel, Bernhard J Wörmann, Marion Subklewe, Michael Fiegl, Stefan K. Bohlander, Jan Braess, Wolfgang Hiddemann, Ulrich Mansmann, Karsten Spiekermann
Journal: Blood (2016)
Covid-19: First coronavirus was described in <i>The BMJ</i> in 1965
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The BMJThe first description of human coronavirus-a family of viruses that now includes SARS-CoV-2, the cause of the current covid-19 pandemic-was published in The BMJ in 1965.The research, led by virologist David Tyrrell at the Common Cold Unit in Wiltshire, England, involved studying nasal washings from volunteers. 1 The researchers found that they could grow several viruses associated with the common cold, but not all of them.One such sample, referred to as B814, turned out to be what we now know as a coronavirus.
A superstable homogeneous lipiodol-ICG formulation for locoregional hepatocellular carcinoma treatment
Authors: Hu Chen, Hongwei Cheng, Qixuan Dai, Yi Cheng, Yang Zhang, Dengfeng Li, Yang Sun, Jingsong Mao, Ke Ren, Chengchao Chu, Gang Liu
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2020)
Annals Graphic Medicine - True Tales From the Outbreak: Telemediocrity
Authors: Alex Thomas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Web Exclusives2 June 2020Annals Graphic Medicine - True Tales From the Outbreak: TelemediocrityFREEAlex Thomas, MDAlex Thomas, MDChicago, Illinois (A.T.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G20-0033 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Download figure Download PowerPoint Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois (A.T.)Disclosures: The author has disclosed no conflicts of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G20-0033.Author/Illustrator Information: Alex Thomas, MD (e-mail, [email protected]com) is a pediatric allergist/immunologist and a cartoonist and illustrator. He is a co-founder of Booster Shots Comics and Booster Shot Media (Twitter: @BoosterShotCmx; Facebook: www.facebook.com/BoosterShotComics).This article was published at Annals.org on 14 April 2020. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 2 June 2020Volume 172, Issue 11Page: W140-W141KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosureHealth care ePublished: 14 April 2020 Issue Published: 2 June 2020 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Interferon-α2b-Induced Thrombocytopenia Is Caused by Inhibition of Cytoplasmic Maturation and Platelet Production, but Not Proliferation and Endomitosis in Human Megakaryocytes.
Authors: Akiko Yamane, Takanori Nakamura, Mamoru Ito, Yasuyuki Ohnishi, Yasuo Ikeda, Yoshitaka Miyakawa
Journal: Blood (2007)
Superior Efficacy of Carfilzomib and Dexamethasone (Kd56) Vs Bortezomib and Dexamethasone (Vd) in Multiple Myeloma (MM) Patients with Moderate or Serious Renal Failure: A Subgroup Analysis of the Phase 3 Endeavor Study
Authors: Meletios A. Dimopoulos, David Siegel, Darrell J. White, Ralph V. Boccia, Zhao Yang, Amy S. Kimball, Karim Saad Iskander, Khalid Mezzi, Heinz Ludwig, Ruben Niesvizky
Journal: Blood (2017)
Does hydroxychloroquine prevent the transmission of COVID-19?
Authors: Flavio L Heldwein, Adriano Calado
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

The covid-19 pandemic has negatively impacted global health and has caused more than 45 000 deaths. Some possible treatments are being tested in randomised trials. Recently, news that chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine has been successfully used to treat pneumonia associated with covid-19 in reports from China and Europe, associated with the panic of transmission has led to a high public demand for these medications in …
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF SYPHILIS
Authors: W S HOFFMAN, W L FISHBEIN, M B ANDELMAN
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sleep disturbance in atopic dermatitis: a case–control study using actigraphy and smartphone‐collected questionnaires
Authors: M. Jachiet, S. Bieuvelet, A.L. Argoud, M. Vallée, S. Zinaï, F.X. Lejeune, D. Leger, J. D. Bouaziz, M. Elbaz, M. Bagot
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)
Excipient-free pulmonary insulin dry powder: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics profiles in rats
Authors: Eride Quarta, Veronica Chierici, Lisa Flammini, Massimiliano Tognolini, Elisabetta Barocelli, Anna Maria Cantoni, Gabriela Dujovny, Susana Ecenarro Probst, Fabio Sonvico, Gaia Colombo, Alessandra Rossi, Ruggero Bettini, Paolo Colombo, Francesca Buttini
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2020)
Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Adult Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated in the GRAALL-2005 Study
Authors: Corentin Orvain, Marie Balsat, Emmanuelle Tavernier, Jean-Pierre Marolleau, Thomas Pabst, Patrice Chevallier, Noémie de Gunzburg, Victoria Cacheux, Françoise Rigal-Huguet, Sylvain P Chantepie, Denis Caillot, Yves Chalandon, Jamilé Frayfer, Caroline Bonmati, Veronique Lheritier, Norbert H Ifrah, Hervé Dombret, Nicolas Boissel, Mathilde M Hunault-Berger
Journal: Blood (2020)
Effect of age on treatment and survival among patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: O. Owusu, C. Owusu, M. Hankins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

18504 Background: Lung cancer is a disease of the elderly. Yet older patients are underrepresented in clinical trials resulting in scanty efficacy data. We sought to assess the relationship between age, treatment and overall survival in a cohort of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with consecutively diagnosed NSCLC between 1999 and 2003 at the Boston Veterans Administration Medical Center (BVAMC). All patients with a biopsy proven NSCLC were included. Patients diagnosed at autopsy were excluded. Data sources included the BVAMC tumor registry and medical records. Deaths were ascertained from the Social Security Administration and VA databases. All patients were right censored at death from any cause or at 12/31/2004, whichever came first. Our primary endpoints were 1) receipt of surgery; 2) receipt of chemotherapy; and 3) three-year overall survival. Our independent variable was age, operationalized as 70 years and older versus less than 70 years. We used logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship between age and treatment and Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards modeling to determine the effect of age on survival. Results: We studied 410 patients. 211 (51%) of the cohort were ≥70 years and 199 (49%) were &lt;70 years. Among those with localized disease (stages I and II) there was no significant difference in the odds of receiving surgery between the two age categories, (OR = 1.54, 95% CI, 0.72, 3.28). Among those with non-localized disease (stages III and IV) those who were ≥ 70 years were less likely to receive chemotherapy (OR = 0.46, 95% CI, 0.27, 0.79). There were 308 deaths from all causes: 167 in the ≥ 70 year group and 141 in the &lt;70 year group. The three-year overall survival was 20.4% (95% CI, 14.5%, 26.3%) and 32.7% (95% CI, 25.3%, 39.5%) for the ≥70 and &lt;70 year groups, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.57, 0.92), P = 0.03 by the log rank test in favor of those less than 70 years. Other significant predictors of overall survival included stage at diagnosis and treatment. Comorbidity was not a significant predictor of overall survival. Conclusion: The poorer survival outcome among older NSCLC patients at the BVAMC may be improved by more aggressive treatment with chemotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Notice of Retraction and Replacement. Gander et al. Association Between Dialysis Facility Ownership and Access to Kidney Transplantation. <i>JAMA</i>. 2019;322(10):957-973
Authors: Jennifer C. Gander, Xingyu Zhang, Katherine Ross, Adam S. Wilk, Laura McPherson, Teri Browne, Stephen O. Pastan, Elizabeth Walker, Zhensheng Wang, Rachel E. Patzer
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Increased Incidence of Osteonecrosis (ON) with a Dexamethasone (DEX) Induction for High Risk Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (HR-ALL): A Report from the Children’s Oncology Group (COG).
Authors: Leonard A. Mattano, James B. Nachman, Meenakshi Devidas, Naomi Winick, Elizabeth Raetz, William L. Carroll, James A. Whitlock, Stephen P. Hunger, Eric C. Larsen
Journal: Blood (2008)
The need for urogenital tract monitoring in COVID-19
Authors: Shangqian Wang, Xiang Zhou, Tongtong Zhang, Zengjun Wang
Journal: Nature Reviews Urology (2020)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which invades a cell through binding to the ACE2 receptor and TMPRSS2 priming. Patients with severe disease predominantly present with pneumonia-related symptoms. However, evidence suggests that COVID-19 infection also has implications for the urogenital tract. Thus, urogenital organs should be considered when treating COVID-19.
Pan-cancer Analysis of CDK12 Alterations Identifies a Subset of Prostate Cancers with Distinct Genomic and Clinical Characteristics
Authors: Bastien Nguyen, Jose Mauricio Mota, Subhiksha Nandakumar, Konrad H. Stopsack, Emily Weg, Dana Rathkopf, Michael J. Morris, Howard I. Scher, Philip W. Kantoff, Anuradha Gopalan, Dmitriy Zamarin, David B. Solit, Nikolaus Schultz, Wassim Abida
Journal: European Urology (2020)
Phase 1 study of the anti-BCMA antibody-drug conjugate AMG 224 in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Hans C. Lee, Noopur S. Raje, Ola Landgren, Vijay V. Upreti, Jin Wang, Ariel A. Avilion, Xuguang Hu, Erik Rasmussen, Gataree Ngarmchamnanrith, Hisaki Fujii, Andrew Spencer
Journal: Leukemia (2020)
BTS guideline on long-term macrolides in adults with respiratory disease: not quite a panacea
Authors: David Smith
Journal: Thorax (2020)

The British Thoracic Society (BTS) guideline on the use of long-term macrolides in adults with respiratory disease has been published. It indicates where there is evidence to support the use of long-term low-dose macrolides and where there is not. It discusses the potential benefits of such therapy for patients and also describes the potential risks to individuals and wider populations. It seeks to provide a pragmatic approach for clinicians considering long-term macrolide therapy for their patients. This guideline has also acted as a learning exercise for the BTS in introducing the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to guideline development, which will be used going forwards.