tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Implementation of HIV Self-Testing Program in New York City—Reply
Authors: Robin J. MacGowan, Pollyanna R. Chavez, Jonathan H. Mermin
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Response to: ‘Reactive arthritis, a missing link: comment on the recent article from Sepriano<i>et al</i>’ by Zeidler and Hudson
Authors: Alexandre Sepriano, Sofia Ramiro, Désirée van der Heijde, Robert B M Landewé
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Zeidler and Hudson1 break a lance on the entity of reactive arthritis when dealing with classification criteria for spondyloarthritis (SpA), axial or peripheral. We would like to thank our colleagues for their insightful comments and reassure them that we do not forget reactive arthritis as an entity or put it aside.

It is important to make clear that Zeidler and Hudson argue about a causal pathophysiological relationship: an infection that …
The validity of the Canadian clinical scores for occupational asthma in European populations
Authors: Eva Suarthana, Mahsa Taghiakbari, Paramita Saha‐Chaudhuri, Catherine Rifflart, Hille Suojalehto, Pirjo Hölttä, Jolanta Walusiak‐Skorupa, Marta Wiszniewska, Xavier Muñoz, Christian Romero‐Mesones, Joaquín Sastre, Manuel J. Rial, Paul K. Henneberger, Olivier Vandenplas
Journal: Allergy (2020)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Master protocols in immuno-oncology: do novel drugs deserve novel designs?
Authors: Luca Mazzarella, Stefania Morganti, Antonio Marra, Dario Trapani, Giulia Tini, Piergiuseppe Pelicci, Giuseppe Curigliano
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2020)

The rapid rise to fame of immuno-oncology (IO) drugs has generated unprecedented interest in the industry, patients and doctors, and has had a major impact in the treatment of most cancers. An interesting aspect in the clinical development of many IO agents is the increasing reliance on nonconventional trial design, including the so-called ‘master protocols’ that incorporate various adaptive features and often heavily rely on biomarkers to select patient populations most likely to benefit. These novel designs promise to maximize the clinical benefit that can be reaped from clinical research, but are not without costs. Their acceptance as solid evidence basis for use outside of the research context requires profound cultural changes by multiple stakeholders, including regulatory bodies, decision-makers, statisticians, researchers, doctors and, most importantly, patients. Here we review characteristics of recent and ongoing trials testing IO drugs with unconventional design, and we highlight trends and critical aspects.
Abstract 15613: Re-Analysis of Landmark Statin Trials in Heart Failure Patients Using Competing Risks Methods
Authors: Matthew Feinstein, Pardeep Jhund, Joseph Kang, Hongyan Ning, John Kjekshus, John Wikstrand, Aldo Maggioni, John McMurray, Donald M Lloyd-Jones
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: To date, no large randomized trials of heart failure (HF) patients have demonstrated significant reductions in atherothrombotic cardiovascular (CV) events with statin use. Substantial...
Enhanced Cancer Models Database (caMOD) accommodates more species and provides pre-clinical trials information
Authors: Ulrike Wagner, Sima Pandya, Jose Galvez, Jill Hadfield, Cheryl Marks, Betty Tarnowski, Mervi Heiskanen, Juli Klemm
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

788  The Cancer Models Database (caMOD) is a web-based resource that provides information about animal models for human cancers. Key capabilities are Submission, Search, and System Administration.  The application can be accessed at http://cancermodels.nci.nih.gov.  With version 2.3, caMOD customizes the application for models in a variety of species beyond mouse models. caMOD 2.3 supports the submission of zebrafish and rat models. Depending on the selected species, the application uses species-specific vocabularies for anatomy and disease throughout the application. Links to the Zebrafish Model Organism Database (http://www.zfin.org) and to the Rat Genome Database (http://rgd.mcw.edu/) allow the user to retrieve information about the modified alleles. Links to the above mentioned resources have also been added to the publication listings.  Data about other species can be submitted to caMOD, but no vocabularies for anatomical or diagnostic terms are provided at this time.  caMOD 2.3 further expands the use of vocabularies provided by NCI Thesaurus (http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov) by introducing the staining method vocabulary to the imaging portion of the application.  The most recent release of caMOD connects the cancer models database with caELMIR, the Cancer Electronic Laboratory Management Information Resource (http://caelmir.compmed.ucdavis.edu/caelmir/). Users can retrieve data generated from preclinical trials and review information on the study, experiment, and individual animal level.  Funded by NCI Contract N01-CO-1240
Cancer incidence in HIV-positive patients in Germany: A nation-wide survey from 2000 to 2007
Authors: M. Hensel, A. Goetzenich, N. Hanhoff, E. Wolf, H. Knechten, F. Mosthaf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e22115 Background: Malignancies are an essential feature of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The purpose of this study was to gather data on the epidemiology of AIDS-defining (AD) and non-AIDS-defining (NAD) malignancies in HIV-positive patients (pts) in Germany in the past decade. Methods: Study centers (all HIV-specialty clinics and ambulatory care centers in Germany, all members of the German association of medical oncologists in private practice) were contacted annually between 2000 and 2007 and asked to respond to a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire requested information on all malignancies in HIV-positive pts, tumor stage, CDC (Center for Disease Control)-stage of the HIV infection, sex, treatment and clinical course. Results: 111 centers participated in the evaluation and provided 552 evaluable data sets from 542 pts. 89% of cases were male. The majority of pts had advanced HIV-disease (CDC stage C3), but the proportion of pts with stage C3 decreased from 58% in 2000 to 36.8% in 2007. 253 (45.8%) were AD as follows: 132 Kaposi Sarcomas, 109 aggressive B-cell lymphomas, 12 invasive cervix carcinomas. The B-cell lymphomas further included 28 Burkitt's lymphomas, 30 DLBCL, 9 Castleman diseases, 8 primary cerebral lymphomas. Among the 299 cases (54.2%) of NAD malignomas were 213 solid tumors including 71 anal carcinomas (= 33.5% of all NAD malignancies) and 85 hemoblastoses including 29 Hodgkin lymphomas (= 9.6% of all NAD malignancies). The high proportion of NAD malignancies has remained constant over all observation periods, as well as the relative incidence of most of the different subentities. Interestingly, only 1 of 8 primary cerebral lymphomas has been reported after 2001. The number of pts with Hodgkin's lymphoma has increased constantly from 2000 to 2007. Conclusions: Our observations show a high incidence of NAD malignomas over the past 8 years in Germany. Anal carcinomas and Hodgkin's lymphomas in particular were markedly more prevalent in our HIV-positive cohort compared to published reports of the general population. The incidence of primary cerebral lymphomas seems to decrease, whereas the incidence of Hodgkin's lymphoma is increasing. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Lower nationwide rates of arthroscopic procedures in 2016 compared with 1997 (634925 total arthroscopic procedures): has the tide turned?
Authors: Margit C Karelson, Jarkko Jokihaara, Antti P Launonen, Tuomas Huttunen, Ville M Mattila
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2020)

To assess the rates and secular trends of different joint arthroscopies-shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle-in Finland between 1997 and 2016.Retrospective nationwide registry study.All adults in Finland with any arthroscopic intervention procedure code for knee, shoulder, ankle, wrist, elbow or hip arthroscopy between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2016 were included.Incidence rate of arthroscopic surgery per 100 000 person-years.The rate of knee and shoulder arthroscopies declined after reaching a peak in 2006 and 2007, respectively. The rates of wrist, elbow and hip joint arthroscopies declined after their 2014 peak. At the same time, the median age of patients who had knee, ankle and hip arthroscopy decreased, whereas the age of patients who had shoulder arthroscopy increased.Numerous randomised controlled trials point to lack of efficacy of the most common knee and shoulder arthroscopic procedures. It should not be assumed that this has contributed to decreased rates of arthroscopic surgery. The concurrent decrease in most of the other joint arthroscopic procedures was unexpected.
TP53 codon 72 polymorphisms and breast carcinoma susceptibility: A meta-analysis
Authors: B. Zhu, W. Zhuo, Z. Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e22171 Background: Previously, TP53 codon 72 polymorphisms have been implicated as risk factors for various cancers. Several studies have conducted on the association of TP53 codon 72 polymorphisms with susceptibility to breast carcinoma and have yielded inconclusive results. The aim of the present study was to assess possible associations of breast cancer risk with TP53 codon 72 polymorphisms. Methods: We conducted a search in the Medline, EMBASE, OVID, Sciencedirect, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) without a language limitation, covering all papers published up to Dec 2008. The associated literature was acquired through deliberate searching and selected based on the established inclusion criteria for publications. Results: Consequently, fifteen studies, including 3436 cases and 4394 controls, met the included criteria and thus were selected. Ultimately, the relevant data were extracted and further analyzed using systematic meta- analyses. The results showed that individuals carrying homozygote Arg/Arg genotype have a significant increased risk of breast cancer compared with those carrying Pro/Pro genotype (OR: 1.58, 95%CI:1.10–2.28). For Arg allele, no evidence indicated that individuals with Arg/Arg genotype have an increased risk of breast cancer compared with those with a combined Pro genotype (Arg/Pro+Pro/Pro) (OR: 1.68, 95%CI:1.24–2.29). For Pro allele, individuals with homozygote Pro/Pro genotype have a marked decreased susceptibility to breast cancer relative to those with a combined Arg genotype (Arg/Pro+Arg/Arg) (OR: 0.84, 95%CI:0.73–0.98). Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that TP53 codon 72 polymorphisms might be a risk factor for breast cancer. Homozygote Arg allele genotype could significantly increase susceptibility to breast cancer, while Pro/Pro allele markedly decreases breast risk. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The chemokine CXCL14 mediates platelet function and migration via direct interaction with CXCR4
Authors: Alexander Witte, Anne-Katrin Rohlfing, Benjamin Dannenmann, Valerie Dicenta, Masoud Nasri, Kyra Kolb, Jessica Sudmann, Tatsiana Castor, Dominik Rath, Oliver Borst, Julia Skokowa, Meinrad Gawaz
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2020)

Beyond classical roles in thrombosis and haemostasis, it becomes increasingly clear that platelets contribute as key players to inflammatory processes. The involvement of platelets in these processes is often mediated through a variety of platelet-derived chemokines which are released upon activation and act as paracrine and autocrine factors. In this study, we investigate CXCL14, a newly described platelet chemokine and its role in thrombus formation as well as monocyte and platelet migration. In addition, we examine the chemokine receptor CXCR4 as a possible receptor for CXCL14 on platelets. Furthermore, with the use of artificially generated platelets derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), we investigate the importance of CXCR4 for CXCL14-mediated platelet functions.
Value of Hemodynamic Monitoring in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock Undergoing Mechanical Circulatory Support
Authors: Abhinav Saxena, A. Reshad Garan, Navin K. Kapur, William W. O’Neill, JoAnn Lindenfeld, Sean P. Pinney, Nir Uriel, Daniel Burkhoff, Morton Kern
Journal: Circulation (2020)

The recent widespread availability and use of mechanical circulatory support is transforming the management and outcomes of cardiogenic shock (CS). Clinical decision-making regarding the optimization of therapies for patients with CS can be guided effectively by hemodynamic monitoring with a pulmonary artery catheter (PAC). Because several studies regarding the benefit of PACs are ambiguous, the use of PACs is variable among clinicians treating patients with CS. More notable is that PAC use has not been studied as part of a randomized, controlled trial in patients with CS with or without mechanical circulatory support. Standardized approaches to hemodynamic monitoring in these patients can improve decision-making and outcomes. In this review, we summarize the hemodynamics of CS and mechanical circulatory support with PAC-derived measurements, and provide a compelling rationale for the use of PAC monitoring in patients with CS receiving mechanical circulatory support.
C/EBPα and GATA-2 Mutations Induce Bilineage Acute Erythroid Leukemia through Transformation of a Neomorphic Neutrophil-Erythroid Progenitor
Authors: Cristina Di Genua, Simona Valletta, Mario Buono, Bilyana Stoilova, Connor Sweeney, Alba Rodriguez-Meira, Amit Grover, Roy Drissen, Yiran Meng, Ryan Beveridge, Zahra Aboukhalil, Dimitris Karamitros, Mirjam E. Belderbos, Leonid Bystrykh, Supat Thongjuea, Paresh Vyas, Claus Nerlov
Journal: Cancer Cell (2020)

Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) commonly involves both myeloid and erythroid lineage transformation. However, the mutations that cause AEL and the cell(s) that sustain the bilineage leukemia phenotype remain unknown. We here show that combined biallelic Cebpa and Gata2 zinc finger-1 (ZnF1) mutations cooperatively induce bilineage AEL, and that the major leukemia-initiating cell (LIC) population has a neutrophil-monocyte progenitor (NMP) phenotype. In pre-leukemic NMPs Cebpa and Gata2 mutations synergize by increasing erythroid transcription factor (TF) expression and erythroid TF chromatin access, respectively, thereby installing ectopic erythroid potential. This erythroid-permissive chromatin conformation is retained in bilineage LICs. These results demonstrate that synergistic transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming by leukemia-initiating mutations can generate neomorphic pre-leukemic progenitors, defining the lineage identity of the resulting leukemia.
Abstract 15126: Device-Measured S3 Showed a Stronger Stratification Power Than Auscultation When Assessed at Follow-Up Visits
Authors: Michael Cao, Roy Gardner, Ramesh Hariharan, Devi Nair, Christopher Schulze, Qi An, Pramod Thakur, John Boehmer
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The third heart sound (S3) is caused by rapid passive filling of blood into the ventricles and is a specific sign of worsening heart failure (HF). S3 is traditionally assessed using a...
An Invited Commentary on “comparison of the safety and efficacy of single-stage endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus two-stage ERCP followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy six-to eight weeks later: A randomized controlled trial” (Int J Surg 2020;76:37–44)
Authors: Maria Michela Chiarello, Giuseppe Brisinda
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2020)
Therapeutic Effects of Anti–Bone Morphogenetic Protein and Activin Membrane‐Bound Inhibitor Treatment in Psoriasis and Arthritis
Authors: Pilar Alvarez, Juan Jesús Augustín, Esther Tamayo, Marcos Iglesias, Olga Acinas, María Angeles Mendiguren, José Andrés Vázquez, Fernanda Genre, David San Segundo, Jesús Merino, Ramón Merino
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2020)

Objective The transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) inhibitor BAMBI (bone morphogenetic protein and activin membrane‐bound inhibitor) has been shown to control differentiation of CD4+ T lymphocytes into either tolerogenic Treg cells or pathogenic Th17 cells, through the regulation of TGFβ and interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) signaling strength. The present study was undertaken to explore the potential beneficial effects of this strategy of pharmacologic inhibition using novel anti‐BAMBI monoclonal antibodies (mAb) in different experimental murine models of chronic skin and joint inflammatory/autoimmune disease. Methods Development of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan–induced psoriatic arthritis (MIP) (n = 18–30 mice per group), imiquimod‐induced skin psoriasis (n = 20–30 mice per group), or type II collagen–induced arthritis (CIA) (n = 13–16 mice per group) was analyzed in a total of 2–5 different experiments with either wild‐type (WT) or BAMBI‐deficient B10.RIII mice that were left untreated or treated with mAb B101.37 (mouse IgG1 anti‐BAMBI), a mouse IgG1 anti‐TNP isotype control, anti‐CD25, or anti‐TGFβ mAb. Results Treatment of normal mice with IgG1 anti‐BAMBI mAb clone B101.37 led to expansion of Treg cells in vivo, and had both preventive and therapeutic effects in mice with MIP (each P &lt; 0.05 versus controls). The conferred protection against disease progression was found to be mediated by Treg cells, which controlled the activation and expansion of pathogenic IL‐17–producing cells, and was dependent on the level of TGFβ activity. Furthermore, treatment with B101.37 mAb blocked both the development of skin psoriasis induced by imiquimod and the development of CIA in mice (each P &lt; 0.05 versus controls). Finally, pharmacologic inhibition of BAMBI with the IgM anti‐BAMBI mAb B143.14 also potentiated the suppressive activity of Treg cells in vitro ( P &lt; 0.001 versus controls). Conclusion These results in murine models identify BAMBI as a promising new therapeutic target for chronic inflammatory diseases and other pathologic conditions modulated by Treg cells.
Human Lung Conventional Dendritic Cells Orchestrate Lymphoid Neogenesis during Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Thomas Naessens, Yannick Morias, Eva Hamrud, Ulf Gehrmann, Ramachandramouli Budida, Johan Mattsson, Tina Baker, Gabriel Skogberg, Elisabeth Israelsson, Kristofer Thörn, Martijn J. Schuijs, Bastian Angermann, Faye Melville, Karl J. Staples, Danen M. Cunoosamy, Bart N. Lambrecht
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

Rationale: Emerging evidence supports a crucial role for tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) progression. However, mechanisms of immune cell activation leading to TLOs in COPD remain to be defined.Objectives: To examine the role of lung dendritic cells (DCs) in T follicular helper (Tfh)-cell induction, a T-cell subset critically implicated in lymphoid organ formation, in COPD.Methods: Myeloid cell heterogeneity and phenotype were studied in an unbiased manner via single-cell RNA sequencing on HLA-DR+ cells sorted from human lungs. We measured the in vitro capability of control and COPD lung DC subsets, sorted using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter, to polarize IL-21+CXCL13+ (IL-21-positive and C-X-C chemokine ligand type 13-positive) Tfh-like cells. In situ imaging analysis was performed on Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage IV COPD lungs with TLOs.Measurements and Main Results: Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed a high degree of heterogeneity among human lung myeloid cells. Among these, conventional dendritic type 2 cells (cDC2s) showed increased induction of IL-21+CXCL13+ Tfh-like cells. Importantly, the capacity to induce IL-21+ Tfh-like cells was higher in cDC2s from patients with COPD than in those from control patients. Increased Tfh-cell induction by COPD cDC2s correlated with increased presence of Tfh-like cells in COPD lungs as compared with those in control lungs, and cDC2s colocalized with Tfh-like cells in TLOs of COPD lungs. Mechanistically, cDC2s exhibited a unique migratory signature and (transcriptional) expression of several pathways and genes related to DC-induced Tfh-cell priming. Importantly, blocking the costimulatory OX40L (OX40 ligand)-OX40 axis reduced Tfh-cell induction by control lung cDC2s.Conclusions: In COPD lungs, we found lung EBI2+ (Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 2-positive) OX-40L-expressing cDC2s that induced IL-21+ Tfh-like cells, suggesting an involvement of these cells in TLO formation.
Screening and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children in Madrid, Spain
Authors: Alfredo Tagarro, Cristina Epalza, Mar Santos, Francisco José Sanz-Santaeufemia, Enrique Otheo, Cinta Moraleda, Cristina Calvo
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Screening and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children in Madrid, SpainAs the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads, new data emerge and understanding of the disease improves.2][3] The epicenter of the epidemic has displaced to Europe.The first case in Spain was declared on January 31, 2020, and the first case in the Madrid region was declared on February 27, 2020.Methods | With the aim of obtaining an overview of the proportion of confirmed cases among those tested and the severity of the disease in children, a registry of tested cases was performed from March 2, 2020, to March 16, 2020, by pediatricians in 30 secondary and tertiary hospitals in Madrid, Spain, during the first 2 weeks of the epidemic.Children were screened according to Spanish Public Health recommendations, which included those patients with a significant disease who were admitted, or likely to be admitted, at the time of evaluation according to the attending
Abstract 14484: The Cardiac Rehabilitation Protects Against the Expansion of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Atsuko Nakayama, Hiroyuki Morita, Masatoshi Nagayama, Katsuyuki Hoshina, Issei Komuro
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: There is virtually no report on the effect of exercise in patients with a small abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Furthermore, the long-term follow-up of exercise on small AAA was not ...