tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Predicting food allergy: The value of patient history reinforced
Authors: Sarah A. Lyons, André C. Knulst, Peter G. J. Burney, Montserrat Fernandez‐Rivas, Barbara K. Ballmer‐Weber, Laura Barreales, Christian Bieli, Michael Clausen, Ruta Dubakiene, Cristina Fernandez‐Perez, Monika Jedrzejczak‐Czechowicz, Marek L. Kowalski, Ischa Kummeling, Tanya Kralimarkova, Tihomir B. Mustakov, Harmieke van Os‐Medendorp, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Todor A. Popov, James Potts, Serge A. Versteeg, Paraskevi Xepapadaki, Paco M. J. Welsing, Clare Mills, Ronald van Ree, Thuy‐My Le
Journal: Allergy (2020)

EAACI guidelines emphasize the importance of patient history in diagnosing food allergy (FA) and the need for studies investigating its value using standardized allergy-focused questionnaires.To determine the contribution of reaction characteristics, allergic comorbidities and demographics to prediction of FA in individuals experiencing food-related adverse reactions.Adult and school-age participants in the standardized EuroPrevall population surveys, with self-reported FA, were included. Penalized multivariable regression was used to assess the association of patient history determinants with "probable" FA, defined as a food-specific case history supported by relevant IgE sensitization.In adults (N = 844), reproducibility of reaction (OR 1.35 [95% CI 1.29-1.41]), oral allergy symptoms (OAS) (4.46 [4.19-4.75]), allergic rhinitis (AR) comorbidity (2.82 [2.68-2.95]), asthma comorbidity (1.38 [1.30-1.46]) and male sex (1.50 [1.41-1.59]) were positively associated with probable FA. Gastrointestinal symptoms (0.88 [0.85-0.91]) made probable FA less likely. The AUC of a model combining all selected predictors was 0.85 after cross-validation. In children (N = 670), OAS (2.26 [2.09-2.44]) and AR comorbidity (1.47 [CI 1.39-1.55]) contributed most to prediction of probable FA, with a combined cross-validation-based AUC of 0.73. When focusing on plant foods, the dominant source of FA in adults, the pediatric model also included gastrointestinal symptoms (inverse association), and the AUC increased to 0.81.In both adults and school-age children from the general population, reporting of OAS and of AR comorbidity appear to be the strongest predictors of probable FA. Patient history particularly allows for good discrimination between presence and absence of probable plant FA.
The Tug1 lncRNA locus is essential for male fertility
Authors: Jordan P. Lewandowski, Gabrijela Dumbović, Audrey R. Watson, Taeyoung Hwang, Emily Jacobs-Palmer, Nydia Chang, Christian Much, Kyle M. Turner, Christopher Kirby, Nimrod D. Rubinstein, Abigail F. Groff, Steve C. Liapis, Chiara Gerhardinger, Assaf Bester, Pier Paolo Pandolfi, John G. Clohessy, Hopi E. Hoekstra, Martin Sauvageau, John L. Rinn
Journal: Genome biology (2020)

Abstract Background Several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to function as components of molecular machines that play fundamental roles in biology. While the number of annotated lncRNAs in mammalian genomes has greatly expanded, studying lncRNA function has been a challenge due to their diverse biological roles and because lncRNA loci can contain multiple molecular modes that may exert function. Results We previously generated and characterized a cohort of 20 lncRNA loci knockout mice. Here, we extend this initial study and provide a more detailed analysis of the highly conserved lncRNA locus, taurine-upregulated gene 1 (Tug1). We report that Tug1-knockout male mice are sterile with underlying defects including a low number of sperm and abnormal sperm morphology. Because lncRNA loci can contain multiple modes of action, we wanted to determine which, if any, potential elements contained in the Tug1 genomic region have any activity. Using engineered mouse models and cell-based assays, we provide evidence that the Tug1 locus harbors two distinct noncoding regulatory activities, as a cis -DNA repressor that regulates neighboring genes and as a lncRNA that can regulate genes by a trans -based function. We also show that Tug1 contains an evolutionary conserved open reading frame that when overexpressed produces a stable protein which impacts mitochondrial membrane potential, suggesting a potential third coding function. Conclusions Our results reveal an essential role for the Tug1 locus in male fertility and uncover evidence for distinct molecular modes in the Tug1 locus, thus highlighting the complexity present at lncRNA loci.
BIVV001 Fusion Protein as Factor VIII Replacement Therapy for Hemophilia A
Authors: Barbara A. Konkle, Amy D. Shapiro, Doris V. Quon, Janice M. Staber, Roshni Kulkarni, Margaret V. Ragni, Ekta S. Chhabra, Stacey Poloskey, Kara Rice, Suresh Katragadda, Dan Rudin, Joachim Fruebis, Craig C. Benson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Factor VIII replacement products have improved the care of patients with hemophilia A, but the short half-life of these products affects the patients' quality of life. The half-life of recombinant factor VIII ranges from 15 to 19 hours because of the von Willebrand factor chaperone effect. BIVV001 (rFVIIIFc-VWF-XTEN) is a novel fusion protein designed to overcome this half-life ceiling and maintain high sustained factor VIII activity levels. Data are lacking on the safety and pharmacokinetics of single-dose BIVV001.In this phase 1-2a open-label trial, we consecutively assigned 16 previously treated men (18 to 65 years of age) with severe hemophilia A (factor VIII activity, <1%) to receive a single intravenous injection of recombinant factor VIII at a dose of 25 IU per kilogram of body weight (lower-dose group) or 65 IU per kilogram (higher-dose group). This injection was followed by a washout period of at least 3 days. The patients then received a single intravenous injection of BIVV001 at the same corresponding dose of either 25 IU or 65 IU per kilogram. Adverse events and pharmacokinetic measurements were assessed.No inhibitors to factor VIII were detected and no hypersensitivity or anaphylaxis events were reported up to 28 days after the injection of single-dose BIVV001. The geometric mean half-life of BIVV001 was three to four times as long as that of recombinant factor VIII (37.6 hours vs. 9.1 hours in the lower-dose group and 42.5 vs. 13.2 hours in the higher-dose group); the area under the curve (AUC) for product exposure was six to seven times as great in the two dose groups (4470 hours vs. 638 hours × IU per deciliter in the lower-dose group and 12,800 hours vs. 1960 hours × IU per deciliter in the higher-dose group). After the injection of BIVV001 in the higher-dose group, the mean factor VIII level was in the normal range (≥51%) for 4 days and 17% at day 7, which suggested the possibility of a weekly interval between treatments.In a small, early-phase study involving men with severe hemophilia A, a single intravenous injection of BIVV001 resulted in high sustained factor VIII activity levels, with a half-life that was up to four times the half-life associated with recombinant factor VIII, an increase that could signal a new class of factor VIII replacement therapy with a weekly treatment interval. No safety concerns were reported during the 28-day period after administration. (Funded by Sanofi and Sobi; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03205163.).
First-Line Tuberculosis Drug Susceptibility based on DNA Sequencing
Authors: T M Walker, T Peto, D Crook, P Fowler, A Gibertoni Cruz, S Hoosdally, A S Walker, S Lipworth, Z Iqbal, M Hunt, P Bradley, Wyllie David., Wilson Daniel., Yang Yang., Clifton David., Thwaites Guy., Thuong Tnt.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)
Interesterified palm oil impairs glucose homeostasis and induces deleterious effects in liver of Swiss mice
Authors: Josiane Érica Miyamoto, Andressa Reginato, Mariana Portovedo, Raísa Magno dos Santos, Marcella Aparecida Stahl, Hervé Le Stunff, Márcia Queiroz Latorraca, Marise Auxiliadora de Barros Reis, Vanessa Cristina Arantes, Diego Luiz Doneda, Leticia Martins Ignacio-Souza, Adriana Souza Torsoni, Renato Grimaldi, Ana Paula Badan Ribeiro, Marcio Alberto Torsoni, Marciane Milanski
Journal: Metabolism (2020)
The effects of exercise on sleep quality in persons with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Jacopo Cristini, Maxana Weiss, Bernat De Las Heras, Almudena Medina-Rincón, Alain Dagher, Ronald B. Postuma, Reto Huber, Julien Doyon, Pedro Rosa-Neto, Julie Carrier, Amy W. Amara, Marc Roig
Journal: Sleep Medicine Reviews (2020)
AB0937 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PYOGENIC SPONDYLODISCITIS VERSUS TUBERCULOUS SPONDYLODISCITIS
Authors: A. Ben Tekaya, L. Ben Ammar, M. Ben Hammamia, O. Saidane, S. Bouden, R. Tekaya, I. Mahmoud, L. Abdelmoula
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Infectious spondylodiscitis is a life-threatening infection of the intervertebral disc and adjacent vertebrae that can be caused by a variety of microorganisms. Our country is at intermediate endemicity for Tuberculosis. Objectives: To compare the clinical, biological, radiological characteristics, management and prognosis of pyogenic versus tuberculous spondylodiscitis. Methods: Retrospective study of 89 patients admitted to our department over a period of 20 years [1998-2018]. The diagnosis of spondylodiscitis was made based on clinical, biological, radiological and bacteriological data. Results: The average age of the patients was 56.1 years. There were 46 men (51.6%) and 43 women (48.4%) with a female predominance during tuberculous spondylodiscitis (57.1%) versus 26.9% during pyogenic spondylodiscitis (p = 0.009). Diabetes was more frequent during pyogenic spondylodiscitis but with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.4). The evolution time was statistically greater during tuberculous spondylodiscitis (p &lt;0.001). Patients with tuberculous spondylodiscitis had more frequently an impaired general condition (p = 0.02). Hyperleukocytosis was noted more frequently in the pyogenic group than in the tuberculosis group (p=0.03), while the increase in sedimentation rate was not significantly different between the two groups (90 mm/h and 76 mm/h, respectively, p=0.1). We found no statistically significant difference regarding the site of spondylodiscitis. Radiologically, the frequency of para-vertebral and psoas abscesses, epiduritis and the presence of spinal cord compression were similar in the two groups (p=0.2; p=0.1 and p=0.1, respectively), whereas mirrored geodes were more frequent during tuberculosis (p = 0.04). Surgical and interventional treatments (percutaneous sampling, abscess drainage) were more frequently noted during pyogenic spondylodiscitis, but without significant difference (p=0.2). The occurrence of immediate complications was more frequent during tuberculosis but without a statistically significant difference (p=0.2). Conclusion: In our series, patients with tuberculous spondylodiscitis tend to have a chronic pattern of progression and more often an impaired general condition. However, there was no significant difference in the presence of abscess, epiduritis and the occurrence of complications between tuberculous spondylodiscitis and pyogenic spondylodiscitis. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Abstract 13606: A New Right Bundle Branch Block in Hypertensive Patients on Doxazosin Mediates Congestive Heart Failure: The ALLHAT Study
Authors: Ashley Wirth, Suzanne Oparil, Barry R Davis, Larisa G Tereshchenko
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) is a known risk factor for heart failure (HF), but the role of different mechanisms is unclear. Hypothesis: New bundle branch block (BBB) contribute to the effect t...
Integration of a palliative approach into heart failure care: a <scp>European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Association</scp> position paper
Authors: Loreena Hill, Tal Prager Geller, Resham Baruah, James M. Beattie, Josiane Boyne, Noemi de Stoutz, Giuseppe Di Stolfo, Ekaterini Lambrinou, Anne K. Skibelund, Izabella Uchmanowicz, Frans H. Rutten, Jelena Čelutkienė, Massimo Francesco Piepoli, Ewa A. Jankowska, Ovidiu Chioncel, Tuvia Ben Gal, Petar M. Seferovic, Frank Ruschitzka, Andrew J.S. Coats, Anna Strömberg, Tiny Jaarsma
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2020)

The Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology has published a previous position paper and various guidelines over the past decade recognizing the value of palliative care for those affected by this burdensome condition. Integrating palliative care into evidence‐based heart failure management remains challenging for many professionals, as it includes the identification of palliative care needs, symptom control, adjustment of drug and device therapy, advance care planning, family and informal caregiver support, and trying to ensure a ‘good death’. This new position paper aims to provide day‐to‐day practical clinical guidance on these topics, supporting the coordinated provision of palliation strategies as goals of care fluctuate along the heart failure disease trajectory. The specific components of palliative care for symptom alleviation, spiritual and psychosocial support, and the appropriate modification of guideline‐directed treatment protocols, including drug deprescription and device deactivation, are described for the chronic, crisis and terminal phases of heart failure.
We Need Blood and I Am Not Allowed to Help
Authors: Greg J. Zahner
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

We Need Blood and I Am Not Allowed to Help This summer I became a physician at the height of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic.While I will be fighting on the front lines, I will not be able to donate blood to fight the growing national crisis for blood donations.Additionally, if I become infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and survive, I will not be able to donate my convalescent plasma, a potentially important treatment.This is because I am a gay man.On April 2, 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) amended its restriction on blood donations from gay men.They reduced the period that men who have sex with men (MSM) must abstain from sex from 1 year to 3 months to be allowed to donate.I am not celebrating.While the FDA claims that this change was in response to new data, the timing of this change is revealing.It took a global pandemic to overcome a discriminatory fear of gay blood.Yet the science shows that even 3-month of abstinence for all MSM is not needed, and these rules are putting lives at risk.Earlier this year, as a fourth-year medical student, I was on an infectious disease rotation and had a new intensive care unit consult for an immunocompromised patient in septic shock.Under treatment with proper antibiotics, the patient quickly recovered, but the underlying illnesses continued to be life-threatening.What the patient needed most was frequent blood transfusions, but the COVID-19 pandemic is creating a dire national shortage.Donors are staying home in response to shelterin-place orders by their local and state governments.In March 2020, the blood banks we rely on announced critical shortages.I wanted to help, and ironically would medically benefit from doing so owing to iron overload in my blood as a consequence of being a carrier for hemochromatosis.However, because I am gay, my blood is deemed too dangerous.Instead, as a treatment for my iron overload, I must obtain a specialist referral to an infusion center, where, after the requisite copay, my blood is extracted and thrown away.Back in 1983, early in the AIDS epidemic, the FDA banned gay men from donating blood to reduce the transmission of HIV.The FDA amended the rule in 2015 to permit gay men to donate blood as long as they had abstained from sex with other men for at least 12 months.This forced gay men to forgo donating, abstain from sex, or even lie to circumvent a seemingly discriminatory rule.The change on April 2 shortened this period to 3 months for all MSMs, but that is still not necessary.And here is the scientific reason: MSM are indeed at a higher risk of contracting HIV, and although all donated blood undergoes 2 separate tests for HIV-antibody testing and nucleic acid testing-there is a risk of a false-negative test result immediately after becoming infected (ie, the "window period").
Association of Race, Health Insurance Status, and Household Income With Location and Outcomes of Ambulatory Surgery Among Adult Patients in 2 US States
Authors: Megan G. Janeway, Sabrina E. Sanchez, Qi Chen, Maia R. Nofal, Na Wang, Amy Rosen, Tracey A. Dechert
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> The receipt of surgery in freestanding ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs) is often less costly compared with surgery in hospital-based outpatient departments. Although increasing numbers of surgical procedures are now being performed in freestanding ASCs, questions remain regarding the existence of disparities among patients receiving care at ASCs. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the association of patient race, health insurance status, and household income with the location (ASC vs hospital-based outpatient department) of ambulatory surgery. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cohort study used data from the State Ambulatory Surgery and Services Databases of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project to perform a secondary analysis of patients who received ambulatory surgery in New York and Florida between 2011 and 2013. Patients aged 18 to 89 years who underwent 12 different types of ambulatory surgical procedures were included. Data were analyzed from December 2018 to June 2019. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Receipt of surgery at a freestanding ASC and 30-day unplanned hospital visits after ambulatory surgery. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 5.6 million patients in New York (57.4% female; 68.9% aged ≥50 years; and 62.5% White) and 7.5 million patients in Florida (57.3% female; 77.4% aged ≥50 years; 74.3% White) who received ambulatory surgery were included in the analysis. After adjusting for age, comorbidities, health insurance status, household income, location of surgery, and type of surgical procedure, the likelihood of receiving ambulatory surgery at a freestanding ASC was significantly lower among Black patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.82; 95% CI, 0.81-0.83;<i>P</i> &lt; .001) and Hispanic patients (aOR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.77-0.79;<i>P</i> &lt; .001) compared with White patients in New York. This likelihood was also lower among Black patients (aOR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.65-0.66;<i>P</i> &lt; .001) compared with White patients in Florida. Public health insurance coverage was associated with a significantly lower likelihood of receiving ambulatory surgery at freestanding ASCs in both New York and Florida, particularly among patients with Medicaid (in New York, aOR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.22-0.22;<i>P</i> &lt; .001; in Florida, aOR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.40-0.41;<i>P</i> &lt; .001) and Medicare (in New York, aOR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.46-0.46;<i>P</i> &lt; .001; in Florida, aOR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.66-0.67;<i>P</i> &lt; .001). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Differences in the use of freestanding ASCs were found among Black patients and patients with public health insurance. Further exploration of the factors underlying these differences will be important to ensure that all populations have access to the increasing number of freestanding ASCs.
Warmth Prevents Bone Loss Through the Gut Microbiota
Authors: Claire Chevalier, Silas Kieser, Melis Çolakoğlu, Noushin Hadadi, Julia Brun, Dorothée Rigo, Nicolas Suárez-Zamorano, Martina Spiljar, Salvatore Fabbiano, Björn Busse, Julijana Ivanišević, Andrew Macpherson, Nicolas Bonnet, Mirko Trajkovski
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2020)
<i>Notice to Readers:</i> Forthcoming Correction and Republication of the Report “Deaths and Years of Potential Life Lost From Excessive Alcohol Use — United States, 2011–2015”
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)

1) informed MMWR Editors that some results were inaccurate as a result of a data input error that occurred during an update to the online Alcohol-Related Disease Impact application (2), which was used in the study.This error resulted in an overall underestimate of average annual alcohol-attributable deaths by 1,862 and years of potential life lost by 79,844 for the United States during 2011-2015.On September 3, 2020, corrections were made in the online Alcohol-Related Disease Impact application to the alcoholattributable fractions for five acute causes of death: drownings, fall injuries, fire injuries, firearm injuries, and homicide.The updated national and state estimates are now available in the Alcohol-Related Disease Impact application (2).The authors conducted a reanalysis and verification of the data, and a revised report will be published in the coming weeks.
Regulatory science for hernia mesh: Current status and future perspectives
Authors: Wenbo Liu, Yajie Xie, Yudong Zheng, Wei He, Kun Qiao, Haoye Meng
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

Regulatory science for medical devices aims to develop new tools, standards and approaches to assess the safety, effectiveness, quality and performance of medical devices. In the field of biomaterials, hernia mesh is a class of implants that have been successfully translated to clinical applications. With a focus on hernia mesh and its regulatory science system, this paper collected and reviewed information on hernia mesh products and biomaterials in both Chinese and American markets. The current development of regulatory science for hernia mesh, including its regulations, standards, guidance documents and classification, and the scientific evaluation of its safety and effectiveness was first reported. Then the research prospect of regulatory science for hernia mesh was discussed. New methods for the preclinical animal study and new tools for the evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of hernia mesh, such as computational modeling, big data platform and evidence-based research, were assessed. By taking the regulatory science of hernia mesh as a case study, this review provided a research basis for developing a regulatory science system of implantable medical devices, furthering the systematic evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of medical devices for better regulatory decision-making. This was the first article reviewing the regulatory science of hernia mesh and biomaterial-based implants. It also proposed and explained the concepts of evidence-based regulatory science and technical review for the first time.
Covid-19: broadening research expertise to understand workplace transmission
Authors: Paul Anand
Journal: BMJ (2020)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> The histone variant H2A.J was previously shown to accumulate in senescent human fibroblasts with persistent DNA damage to promote inflammatory gene expression, but its mechanism of action was unknown. We show that H2A.J accumulation contributes to weakening the association of histone H1 to chromatin and increasing its turnover. Decreased H1 in senescence is correlated with increased expression of some repeated DNA sequences, increased expression of STAT/IRF transcription factors, and transcriptional activation of Interferon-Stimulated Genes (ISGs). The H2A.J-specific Val-11 moderates the transcriptional activity of H2A.J, and H2A.J-specific Ser-123 can be phosphorylated in response to DNA damage with potentiation of its transcriptional activity by the phospho-mimetic S123E mutation. Our work demonstrates the functional importance of H2A.J-specific residues and potential mechanisms for its function in promoting inflammatory gene expression in senescence.