tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Response to: ‘‘Halo Score’: missing large vessel giant cell arteritis– do we need a modified ‘Halo Score?’’ by Chattopadhyay and Ghosh
Authors: Kornelis S M van der Geest, Bhaskar Dasgupta
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

We thank Chattopadhyay and Ghosh for their interest in our paper describing a novel ultrasonographic Halo Score for giant cell arteritis (GCA).1 The Halo Score quantifies the extent of inflammation in the three temporal artery segments and axillary arteries.2 The total score is the sum of all halo grades, which reflect the thickness of each halo. Halo grades of the axillary arteries are multiplied by a factor of 3 in order to give equal weight to inflammation of the cranial and large systemic arteries. Chattopadhyay and Ghosh underscore the importance of ultrasonography for the diagnosis of GCA, and recognise the potential of the Halo Score for the monitoring of disease activity. The authors propose to include the subclavian artery into the Halo Score and to use it for patients with Takayasu arteritis.

Chattopadhyay and Ghosh suggest that the subclavian artery is more frequently affected by GCA than the …
A União Europeia face ao risco pandémico: reunião do grupo ad hoc "doenças transmissíveis" da DGV sobre a gripe A (H5N1), Luxemburgo, 14 de Janeiro de 1998
Authors: J C Desenclos, R Manigat
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

Em Hong Kong, a transmissao duma estirpe aviaria do virus Influenza H5N1 a uma crianca, em Maio de 1997, seguida da ocorrencia de mais 17 casos humanos com uma elevada taxa de letalidade (6/18, 33%) (I) sugeriu a possibilidade da eminencia de uma pandemia de gripe e levou varios paises da Europa a tomarem medidas preventivas.
The value of antimicrobial peptides in the age of resistance
Authors: Maria Magana, Muthuirulan Pushpanathan, Ana L Santos, Leon Leanse, Michael Fernandez, Anastasios Ioannidis, Marc A Giulianotti, Yiorgos Apidianakis, Steven Bradfute, Andrew L Ferguson, Artem Cherkasov, Mohamed N Seleem, Clemencia Pinilla, Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez, Themis Lazaridis, Tianhong Dai, Richard A Houghten, Robert E W Hancock, George P Tegos
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020)
P-26 RATIONALE 305: Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line therapy in patients with gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
Authors: R. Xu, T. Arkenau, Y. Bang, C. Denlinger, K. Kato, J. Tabernero, J. Wang, J. Li, H. Castro, M. Moehler
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Tolerability and Efficacy of Post Transplant Lenalidomide Maintenance Therapy in Multiple Myeloma: A Real World Single Centre Experience
Authors: Chloe Yang, Haiyan Jiang, Esther Masih-Khan, Christine I Chen, Anca Prica, Donna Reece, Rodger Tiedemann, Suzanne Trudel, Vishal Kukreti
Journal: Blood (2017)
P-348 A multi-institutional retrospective study of stage I-IV transverse colon cancer: Diagnosis, treatment and outcome analyses
Authors: M. Roberto, F. Lo Bianco, G. Arrivi, F. Di Pietro, L. Gariazzo, F. Gelsomino, M. Ghidini, C. Ficorella, A. Parisi, F. Urbano, E. Dell'Aquila, F. Mazzuca
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
The MMP-9/NGAL complex plays a role in breast tumor growth and is present with high frequency in the urine of breast cancer patients
Authors: Cecilia A. Fernández, Li Yan, Gwendolyn Louis, Jiang Yang, Jeffery L. Kutok, Marsha A. Moses
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

4706  Having previously demonstrated that the binding of neutrophil-associated lipocalin (NGAL) to matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protects this extracellular matrix remodeling enzyme from autodegradation, we hypothesized that the addition of NGAL to breast cancer cells, which do not express this protein but do express MMP-9, might result in a more aggressive phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Based on our previous reports that MMPs can be detected in the urine of cancer patients, we also asked whether MMP-9/NGAL could be detected in the urine of breast cancer patients and whether it might be predictive of disease status. In order to test our initial hypothesis, clones of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells differentially expressing NGAL were generated by stable transfection with human NGAL expression constructs. The established clones were then implanted subcutaneously in immunodeficient mice and tumor growth was monitored. In addition, we analyzed the urine of individuals with breast cancer and age-matched, sex-matched controls using gelatin zymography for the presence of MMP-9/NGAL. Increased NGAL expression resulted in significant stimulation of tumor growth. Immunohistochemical analysis of MCF-7 tumors revealed that NGAL-overexpressing ones exhibited increased growth rates that were accompanied by increased levels of MMP-9, increased angiogenesis and an increase in the tumor cell proliferative fraction. In addition, MMP-9/NGAL complex was detected in 86.36% of the urine samples from breast cancer patients but not in those from healthy age and sex-matched controls. These findings suggest for the first time that NGAL may play a positive role in breast cancer in vivo by protecting MMP-9 from degradation thereby enhancing its enzymatic activity and facilitating angiogenesis and tumor growth. Clinically, these data suggest that the urinary detection of MMP-9/NGAL may be useful in non-invasively predicting disease status of breast cancer patients. (This study was supported in part by NIH grants CA83106 (M.A.M.), PO1CA45548 (M.A.M.) and 1P50 DK065298 (M.A.M.) and by support from the Simeon Fortin Charitable Foundation, the Advanced Medical Foundation and GMP Companies, Inc.)
All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Breast Cancer Survivors in CLUE II, a Long-Standing Community-Based Cohort
Authors: Cody Ramin, Marcy L Schaeffer, Zihe Zheng, Avonne E Connor, Judith Hoffman-Bolton, Bryan Lau, Kala Visvanathan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2020)

There is growing evidence that breast cancer survivors have higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality relative to the general population. Information on temporal patterns for all-cause and CVD mortality among breast cancer survivors relative to cancer-free women is limited.All-cause and CVD-related mortality were compared in 628 women with breast cancer and 3140 age-matched cancer-free women within CLUE II, a prospective cohort. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Cox proportional hazards regression for all-cause mortality, and Fine and Gray models for CVD-related mortality to account for competing risks.Over 25 years of follow-up, 916 deaths occurred (249 CVD related). Breast cancer survivors had an overall higher risk of dying compared with cancer-free women (HR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.53 to 2.09) irrespective of time since diagnosis, tumor stage, estrogen receptor status, and older age at diagnosis (≥70 years). Risk of death was greatest among older survivors at more than 15 years after diagnosis (HR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.59 to 4.55). CVD (69.1% ischemic heart disease) was the leading cause of death among cancer-free women and the second among survivors. Survivors had an increase in CVD-related deaths compared with cancer-free women beginning at 8 years after diagnosis (HR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.00 to 2.73), with the highest risk among older survivors (HR = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.29 to 3.88) and after estrogen receptor-positive disease (HR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.06 to 3.20).Breast cancer survivors continue to have an elevated mortality compared with the general population for many years after diagnosis. Preventing cardiac deaths, particularly among older breast cancer patients, could lead to reductions in mortality.
COVID-19 severity and mortality in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a joint study by ERIC, the European Research Initiative on CLL, and CLL Campus
Authors: Lydia Scarfò, Thomas Chatzikonstantinou, Gian Matteo Rigolin, Giulia Quaresmini, Marina Motta, Candida Vitale, Jose Antonio Garcia-Marco, José Ángel Hernández-Rivas, Fatima Mirás, Mónica Baile, Juan Marquet, Carsten U. Niemann, Gianluigi Reda, Talha Munir, Eva Gimeno, Monia Marchetti, Francesca Maria Quaglia, Marzia Varettoni, Julio Delgado, Sunil Iyengar, Ann Janssens, Roberto Marasca, Angela Ferrari, Carolina Cuéllar-García, Gilad Itchaki, Martin Špaček, Lorenzo De Paoli, Luca Laurenti, Mark-David Levin, Enrico Lista, Francesca R. Mauro, Martin Šimkovič, Ellen Van Der Spek, Elisabeth Vandenberghe, Livio Trentin, Ewa Wasik-Szczepanek, Rosa Ruchlemer, Dominique Bron, Maria Rosaria De Paolis, Giovanni Del Poeta, Lucia Farina, Myriam Foglietta, Massimo Gentile, Yair Herishanu, Tobias Herold, Ozren Jaksic, Arnon P. Kater, Sabina Kersting, Lara Malerba, Lorella Orsucci, Viola Maria Popov, Paolo Sportoletti, Mohamed Yassin, Barbara Pocali, Gabor Barna, Annalisa Chiarenza, Gimena dos Santos, Eugene Nikitin, Martin Andres, Maria Dimou, Michael Doubek, Alicia Enrico, Yervand Hakobyan, Olga Kalashnikova, Macarena Ortiz Pareja, Maria Papaioannou, Davide Rossi, Nimish Shah, Amit Shrestha, Oana Stanca, Niki Stavroyianni, Vladimir Strugov, Constantine Tam, Mihnea Zdrenghea, Marta Coscia, Kostas Stamatopoulos, Giuseppe Rossi, Alessandro Rambaldi, Emili’ Montserrat, Robin Foà, Antonio Cuneo, Paolo Ghia
Journal: Leukemia (2020)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a disease of the elderly, characterized by immunodeficiency. Hence, patients with CLL might be considered more susceptible to severe complications from COVID-19. We undertook this retrospective international multicenter study to characterize the course of COVID-19 in patients with CLL and identify potential predictors of outcome. Of 190 patients with CLL and confirmed COVID-19 diagnosed between 28/03/2020 and 22/05/2020, 151 (79%) presented with severe COVID-19 (need of oxygen and/or intensive care admission). Severe COVID-19 was associated with more advanced age (≥65 years) (odds ratio 3.72 [95% CI 1.79–7.71]). Only 60 patients (39.7%) with severe COVID-19 were receiving or had recent (≤12 months) treatment for CLL at the time of COVID-19 versus 30/39 (76.9%) patients with mild disease. Hospitalization rate for severe COVID-19 was lower (p < 0.05) for patients on ibrutinib versus those on other regimens or off treatment. Of 151 patients with severe disease, 55 (36.4%) succumbed versus only 1/38 (2.6%) with mild disease; age and comorbidities did not impact on mortality. In CLL, (1) COVID-19 severity increases with age; (2) antileukemic treatment (particularly BTK inhibitors) appears to exert a protective effect; (3) age and comorbidities did not impact on mortality, alluding to a relevant role of CLL and immunodeficiency.
CD70 is expressed on renal cell carcinoma and is a potential target for tumor cell elimination by antibody-drug conjugates
Authors: Che-Leung Law, Kristine A. Gordon, Andrew K. Yamane, Melissa C. Thompson, Joseph M. Petroziello, Michelle A. Herring, Maureen C. Ryan, Damon L. Meyer, Svetlana O. Doronina, Kevin J. Hamblett, Joseph A. Francisco, Peter D. Senter, Alan F. Wahl
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

625  CD70 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily and a type II integral membrane glycoprotein with an apparent molecular weight of 50 kDa. Under physiological conditions, the expression of CD70 is restricted to recently activated T and B lymphocytes. Binding of CD70 to its ligand, CD27, co-stimulates proliferation and differentiation of T and B lymphocytes. On transformed cells, CD70 is expressed by malignant B cells and virally infected lymphocytes, Hodgkin’s disease cells, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, meduloblastoma, and glioblastoma. To further explore the possibility that CD70 may be expressed by other tumor types, we probed a Cancer Profiling Array (CPA) with the 3’ untranslated region of the CD70 transcript. Over-expression of CD70 transcripts (tumor:normal ratio of ≥ 2-fold) was observed in 9 of 20 cases of kidney cancer; all 9 cases were classified as renal cell carcinoma (RCC). RT-PCR and real-time PCR analysis conducted on RNA from independent primary tumor isolates confirmed CD70 transcript over-expression in RCC. Northern analysis revealed a 0.8 kb CD70 message from RCC cell lines, similar in size to the CD70 message expressed in hematopoietic cells. Expression of CD70 protein on RCC was demonstrated by flow cytometric analysis on RCC cell lines and immunohistochemistry staining on fresh frozen RCC tissue isolates. To explore the potential utility of CD70 as a target for antibody-based therapy for RCC, we constructed an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), 1F6-vcAFP, consisting of a p-phenylenediamine (P) derivative of the anti-mitotic agent auristatin F (AF) conjugated onto the anti-CD70 mAb 1F6 via a valine-citrulline (vc) dipeptide linker. 1F6-vcAFP mediated potent cytotoxicity in CD70-expressing RCC lines, suggesting that CD70 can internalize ADCs and direct them to the appropriate subcellular compartment for drug release. Cultured normal renal epithelial cells and CD70-negative cells were refractive to 1F6-vcAFP treatments, confirming the selectivity of 1F6-vcAFP in targeting transformed renal cells. In an in vivo model of RCC using Caki-1 cells xenografted as subcutaneous tumors in nude mice, 1F6-vcAFP exerted potent antitumor activity. In summary, our findings demonstrate that CD70 constitutes a new RCC-associated surface antigen that may be suitable for therapeutic targeting by antibody-drug conjugates.
SO-1 Prognostic nomogram to predict overall survival in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer treated with gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel or FOLFIRINOX: Real-world results from the multicenter retrospective study (NAPOLEON study)
Authors: T. Shibuki, T. Mizuta, M. Shimokawa, F. Koga, Y. Ueda, J. Nakazawa, A. Komori, S. Arima, M. Fukahori, A. Makiyama, H. Taguchi, T. Honda, K. Mitsugi, K. Nio, Y. Ide, N. Ureshino, T. Shirakawa, T. Otsuka
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Recycling of Precolectomy Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Agents in Chronic Pouch Inflammation Is Associated With Treatment Failure
Authors: Maia Kayal, Thomas Lambin, Michael Plietz, Anam Rizvi, Marlana Radcliffe, Sergey Khaitov, Patricia Sylla, Alexander J. Greenstein, Jean Frederic Colombel, Marla C. Dubinsky, Ryan C. Ungaro
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Comparison of registered and published outcomes in randomized trials in dermatology journals: a cross‐sectional analysis
Authors: L. Steele, A. Livesey, A. Hong, J. Thomson, C. Flohr
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

A potential source of bias in randomised controlled trial (RCTs) is selective outcome reporting bias, where outcomes for reporting are chosen based on the significance of their results.1 Significance can arise by chance when multiple tests are performed (data dredging). To avoid this problem, a main outcome (a  outcome) should be pre-specified prior to data collection in a time-stamped, publicly-available trial registry. Prospective registration has been a prerequisite for publication amongst International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) member journals since 2005. However, even when trials are prospectively registered, selective outcome bias reporting can occur if the primary outcome reported in the manuscript does not match the pre-specified primary outcome in the trial registry.2.
Clinical characteristics and treatment of 50 cases of Blau syndrome in Japan confirmed by genetic analysis of the <i>NOD2</i> mutation
Authors: Tomoko Matsuda, Naotomo Kambe, Yoko Ueki, Nobuo Kanazawa, Kazushi Izawa, Yoshitaka Honda, Atsushi Kawakami, Syuji Takei, Kyoko Tonomura, Masami Inoue, Hiroko Kobayashi, Ikuo Okafuji, Yoshihiko Sakurai, Naoki Kato, Yuta Maruyama, Yuzaburo Inoue, Yoshikazu Otsubo, Teruhiko Makino, Satoshi Okada, Ichiro Kobayashi, Masato Yashiro, Shusaku Ito, Hiroshi Fujii, Yasuhiro Kondo, Nami Okamoto, Shuichi Ito, Naomi Iwata, Utako Kaneko, Mototsugu Doi, Junichi Hosokawa, Osamu Ohara, Megumu K Saito, Ryuta Nishikomori
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Objectives To collect clinical information and NOD2 mutation data on patients with Blau syndrome and to evaluate their prognosis. Methods Fifty patients with NOD2 mutations were analysed. The activity of each NOD2 mutant was evaluated in HEK293 cells by reporter assay. Clinical information was collected from medical records through the attending physicians. Results The study population comprised 26 males and 24 females aged 0–61 years. Thirty-two cases were sporadic, and 18 were familial from 9 unrelated families. Fifteen different mutations in NOD2 were identified, including 2 novel mutations (p.W490S and D512V); all showed spontaneous nuclear factor kappa B activation, and the most common mutation was p.R334W. Twenty-six patients had fever at relatively early timepoints in the disease course. Forty-three of 47 patients had a skin rash. The onset of disease in 9 patients was recognised after BCG vaccination. Forty-five of 49 patients had joint lesions. Thirty-eight of 50 patients had ocular symptoms, 7 of which resulted in blindness. After the diagnosis of Blau syndrome, 26 patients were treated with biologics; all were antitumour necrosis factor agents. Only 3 patients were treated with biologics alone; the others received a biologic in combination with methotrexate and/or prednisolone. None of the patients who became blind received biologic treatment. Conclusions In patients with Blau syndrome, severe joint contractures and blindness may occur if diagnosis and appropriate treatment are delayed. Early treatment with a biologic agent may improve the prognosis.
Diversifying medical school education to represent BAME backgrounds
Authors: Cameron A Lynch
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The covid-19 pandemic has seen a disproportionate number of deaths among the black, Asian, and minority ethnic (BAME) population. Godlee rightly emphasises that “racism is a public health issue because it kills people.”1 I argue that a lack of diversity in teaching at UK medical schools, mirrored by many medical textbooks, perpetuates racial inequality.

Physiology and anatomy textbooks were the backbone of my education in …
Commentaire du travail de Mussetto A et al., pp. 917
Authors: Gilles Lesur
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

See also: Split dosing with a low-volume preparation is not inferior to split dosing with a high-volume preparation for bowel cleansing in patients with a history of colorectal resection: a randomized trialEndoscopy 2015; 47(10): 917-924DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1391987
Racism: decolonising the NHS
Authors: Joanna Dobbin, Rahma Abdi
Journal: BMJ (2020)

We agree with the editor’s comments around racism.1 But when discussing matters relating to migration, ethnicity, and race, although each subject contains unique issues, the three are intrinsically linked. The overlap between racism and migration is particularly pertinent when discussing colonialism.

The NHS’s complicity in the “hostile environment” is just one example of how the UK continues to benefit from its colonial past. Looking at the list …
Sports medicine leaders working with government and public health to plan a ‘return-to-sport’ during the COVID-19 pandemic: the UK’s collaborative five-stage model for elite sport
Authors: Simon Kemp, Charlotte M Cowie, Mark Gillett, Richard Higgins, Jerry Hill, Zafar Iqbal, Paul Jackson, Rod Jaques, Jo Larkin, Gemma Phillips, Nicholas Peirce, James Calder
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2020)

Human cortex is comprised of specialized networks that support functions, such as visual motion perception and language processing. How do genes and experience contribute to this specialization? Studies of plasticity offer unique insights into this question. In congenitally blind individuals, “visual” cortex responds to auditory and tactile stimuli. Remarkably, recent evidence suggests that occipital areas participate in language processing. We asked whether in blindness, occipital cortices: (1) develop domain-specific responses to language and (2) respond to a highly specialized aspect of language–syntactic movement. Nineteen congenitally blind and 18 sighted participants took part in two fMRI experiments. We report that in congenitally blind individuals, but not in sighted controls, “visual” cortex is more active during sentence comprehension than during a sequence memory task with nonwords, or a symbolic math task. This suggests that areas of occipital cortex become selective for language, relative to other similar higher-cognitive tasks. Crucially, we find that these occipital areas respond more to sentences with syntactic movement but do not respond to the difficulty of math equations. We conclude that regions within the visual cortex of blind adults are involved in syntactic processing. Our findings suggest that the cognitive function of human cortical areas is largely determined by input during development. <b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> Human cortex is made up of specialized regions that perform different functions, such as visual motion perception and language processing. How do genes and experience contribute to this specialization? Studies of plasticity show that cortical areas can change function from one sensory modality to another. Here we demonstrate that input during development can alter cortical function even more dramatically. In blindness a subset of “visual” areas becomes specialized for language processing. Crucially, we find that the same “visual” areas respond to a highly specialized and uniquely human aspect of language–syntactic movement. These data suggest that human cortex has broad functional capacity during development, and input plays a major role in determining functional specialization.
COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic diseases: what is the real mortality risk?
Authors: Claudia Marques, Marcelo M Pinheiro, Edgard Torres Reis Neto, Andrea Tavares Dantas, Francinne Machado Ribeiro, Ana Karla G Melo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background/Aim: Effective targeted therapies for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are limited. In a subset of TNBC, androgen receptor (AR) plays an important role, while the human proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus-1 (PIM1) overexpression is also implicated. PIM1 kinases phosphorylate AR, thus regulating its transcriptional activity, regardless of the presence or not of androgens. We evaluated the expression of AR and PIM1 and their prognostic significance in TNBC. Materials and Methods: AR and PIM1 transcripts were quantified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor from 141 patients with TNBC. Results: AR was expressed in 38.3%, PIM1 in 10.6%, while co-expression of AR and PIM1 was detected in 7/141 cases (5.0%). No prognostic significance of AR or PIM1 was reached for overall or disease-free survival. Conclusion: Co-expression of AR and PIM1 exists in only in a small percentage of patients with TNBC. The implications of this finding in the therapeutic management of patients with TNBC should be investigated in larger patient cohorts.
Diet-induced dyslipidemia induces metabolic and migratory adaptations in regulatory T cells
Authors: Jacob Amersfoort, Frank H Schaftenaar, Hidde Douna, Peter J van Santbrink, Gijs H M van Puijvelde, Bram Slütter, Amanda C Foks, Amy Harms, Estefania Moreno-Gordaliza, Yanyan Wang, Thomas Hankemeier, Ilze Bot, Hongbo Chi, Johan Kuiper
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2020)

A hallmark of advanced atherosclerosis is inadequate immunosuppression by regulatory T (Treg) cells inside atherosclerotic lesions. Dyslipidemia has been suggested to alter Treg cell migration by affecting the expression of specific membrane proteins, thereby decreasing Treg cell migration towards atherosclerotic lesions. Besides membrane proteins, cellular metabolism has been shown to be a crucial factor in Treg cell migration. We aimed to determine whether dyslipidemia contributes to altered migration of Treg cells, in part, by affecting cellular metabolism.