tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Severe mental illness diagnosis in English general hospitals 2006-2017: A registry linkage study
Authors: Hassan Mansour, Christoph Mueller, Katrina A. S. Davis, Alexandra Burton, Hitesh Shetty, Matthew Hotopf, David Osborn, Robert Stewart, Andrew Sommerlad
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2020)

Background The higher mortality rates in people with severe mental illness (SMI) may be partly due to inadequate integration of physical and mental healthcare. Accurate recording of SMI during hospital admissions has the potential to facilitate integrated care including tailoring of treatment to account for comorbidities. We therefore aimed to investigate the sensitivity of SMI recording within general hospitals, changes in diagnostic accuracy over time, and factors associated with accurate recording. Methods and findings We undertook a cohort study of 13,786 adults with SMI diagnosed during 2006–2017, using data from a large secondary mental healthcare database as reference standard, linked to English national records for 45,706 emergency hospital admissions. We examined general hospital record sensitivity across patients' subsequent hospital records, for each subsequent emergency admission, and at different levels of diagnostic precision. We analyzed time trends during the study period and used logistic regression to examine sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with psychiatric recording accuracy, with multiple imputation for missing data. Sensitivity for recording of SMI as any mental health diagnosis was 76.7% (95% CI 76.0–77.4). Category-level sensitivity (e.g., proportion of individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (F20-29) who received any F20-29 diagnosis in hospital records) was 56.4% (95% CI 55.4–57.4) for schizophrenia spectrum disorder and 49.7% (95% CI 48.1–51.3) for bipolar affective disorder. Sensitivity for SMI recording in emergency admissions increased from 47.8% (95% CI 43.1–52.5) in 2006 to 75.4% (95% CI 68.3–81.4) in 2017 (ptrend < 0.001). Minority ethnicity, being married, and having better mental and physical health were associated with less accurate diagnostic recording. The main limitation of our study is the potential for misclassification of diagnosis in the reference-standard mental healthcare data. Conclusions Our findings suggest that there have been improvements in recording of SMI diagnoses, but concerning under-recording, especially in minority ethnic groups, persists. Training in culturally sensitive diagnosis, expansion of liaison psychiatry input in general hospitals, and improved data sharing between physical and mental health services may be required to reduce inequalities in diagnostic practice.
Extreme Wildfires—A Growing Population Health and Planetary Problem
Authors: Kenneth W. Kizer
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Posttransfusion Hepatitis
Authors: P MICHON
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Click Here to Complete This Survey: Online Research, Adolescents, and Parental Consent
Authors: Liza-Marie Johnson, Devan M. Duenas, Benjamin S. Wilfond
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2020)

"Click Here to Complete This Survey: Online Research, Adolescents, and Parental Consent." The American Journal of Bioethics, 20(10), pp. 82–83
<i>JAMA Network Open</i> and COVID-19
Authors: Frederick P. Rivara, Stephan D. Fihn, Eli N. Perencevich
Journal: JAMA (2020)

In this Viewpoint, JAMA Network Open editors review the journal's more important articles advancing scientific understanding of COVID-19 in the first 6 months of the pandemic, and discuss the importance of a global open access journal to meeting the public health challenge.
Valacyclovir for cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy: additional evidences, additional questions
Authors: Lorenzo Zammarchi, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Massimo Andreoni, Susanna Giaché, Irene Campolmi, Lucia Pasquini, Mariarosaria Di Tommaso, Giuliana Simonazzi, Lina Rachele Tomasoni, Francesco Castelli, Luisa Galli, Beatrice Borchi, Pierangelo Clerici, Alessandro Bartoloni, Marcello Tavio, Michele Trotta
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)
Programmed cell death in alcohol-associated liver disease
Authors: Tatsunori Miyata, Laura E. Nagy
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2020)

Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), which ranges from mild disease to alcohol-associated hepatitis and cirrhosis, is the most prevalent type of chronic liver disease and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Accumulating evidence reveals that programmed cell death (PCD) plays a crucial role in progression of ALD involving crosstalk between hepatocytes and immune cells. Multiple pathways of PCD, including apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis and ferroptosis, are reported in ALD. Interestingly, PCD pathways are intimately linked and interdependent, making it difficult to therapeutically target a single pathway. This review clarifies the multiple types of PCD occurring in liver and focuses on crosstalk between hepatocytes and innate immune cells in ALD.
CMS Quality Measure Development
Authors: Reena Duseja, Maria Durham, Michelle Schreiber
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The lymphatic system in alcohol-associated liver disease
Authors: Reiichiro Kondo, Yasuko Iwakiri
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2020)

The lymphatic system plays vital roles in interstitial fluid balance and immune cell surveillance. The effect of alcohol on the lymphatic system is poorly understood. This review article explores the role of the lymphatic system in the pathogenesis of alcohol-related disease including alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and the therapeutic potential of targeting hepatic lymphatics for the treatment of ALD.
Making the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration a Social-Ecological Endeavour
Authors: Joern Fischer, Maraja Riechers, Jacqueline Loos, Berta Martin-Lopez, Vicky M. Temperton
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2020)

The United Nations (UN) recently declared 2021 to 2030 the Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. Against this background, we review recent social-ecological systems research and summarize key themes that could help to improve ecosystem restoration in dynamic social contexts. The themes relate to resilience and adaptability, ecosystem stewardship and navigation of change, relational values, the coevolution of human and ecological systems, long-range social-ecological connections, and leverage points for transformation. We recommend two cross-cutting new research foci; namely: (i) post hoc cross-sectional assessments of social-ecological restoration projects; and (ii) transdisciplinary social-ecological 'living labs' that accompany new restoration projects as they unfold. With global agendas increasingly taking a social-ecological perspective, the recasting of ecosystem restoration as a social-ecological endeavor offers exciting new opportunities for both research and practice.
Apobec1 complementation factor overexpression promotes hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and hepatocellular cancer
Authors: Valerie Blanc, Jesse D. Riordan, Saeed Soleymanjahi, Joseph H. Nadeau, ILKe Nalbantoglu, Yan Xie, Elizabeth A. Molitor, Blair B. Madison, Elizabeth M. Brunt, Jason C. Mills, Deborah C. Rubin, Irene O. Ng, Yeonjung Ha, Lewis R. Roberts, Nicholas O. Davidson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

The RNA-binding protein Apobec1 complementation factor (A1CF) regulates posttranscriptional ApoB mRNA editing, but the range of RNA targets and the long-term effect of altered A1CF expression on liver function are unknown. Here we studied hepatocyte-specific A1cf-transgenic (A1cf+/Tg), A1cf+/Tg Apobec1–/–, and A1cf–/– mice fed chow or high-fat/high-fructose diets using RNA-Seq, RNA CLIP-Seq, and tissue microarrays from human hepatocellular cancer (HCC). A1cf+/Tg mice exhibited increased hepatic proliferation and steatosis, with increased lipogenic gene expression (Mogat1, Mogat2, Cidea, Cd36) associated with shifts in polysomal RNA distribution. Aged A1cf+/Tg mice developed spontaneous fibrosis, dysplasia, and HCC, and this development was accelerated on a high-fat/high-fructose diet and was independent of Apobec1. RNA-Seq revealed increased expression of mRNAs involved in oxidative stress (Gstm3, Gpx3, Cbr3), inflammatory response (Il19, Cxcl14, Tnfα, Ly6c), extracellular matrix organization (Mmp2, Col1a1, Col4a1), and proliferation (Kif20a, Mcm2, Mcm4, Mcm6), and a subset of mRNAs (including Sox4, Sox9, Cdh1) were identified in RNA CLIP-Seq. Increased A1CF expression in human HCC correlated with advanced fibrosis and with reduced survival in a subset with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In conclusion, we show that hepatic A1CF overexpression selectively alters polysomal distribution and mRNA expression, promoting lipogenic, proliferative, and inflammatory pathways leading to HCC.
68Ga-PSMA–Avid Small Cell Lung Cancer on PET/CT
Authors: Punit Sharma
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract 68 Ga–prostate-specific membrane antigen ( 68 Ga-PSMA) PET/CT has shown excellent results in imaging of prostate cancer. Some nonprostatic malignancies can also demonstrate 68 Ga-PSMA uptake, including primary lung adenocarcinoma. However, no such data are present for small cell lung cancer. We present the case of a 59-year-old man, where a second primary metastatic small cell lung cancer was discovered on 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT done for suspected recurrence of prostate cancer.
Inhibitors of bromodomain and extra‐terminal proteins for treating multiple human diseases
Authors: Ewelina Kulikowski, Brooke D. Rakai, Norman C. W. Wong
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2020)

Abstract Clinical development of bromodomain and extra‐terminal (BET) protein inhibitors differs from the traditional course of drug development. These drugs are simultaneously being evaluated for treating a wide spectrum of human diseases due to their novel mechanism of action. BET proteins are epigenetic “readers,” which play a primary role in transcription. Here, we briefly describe the BET family of proteins, of which BRD4 has been studied most extensively. We discuss BRD4 activity at latent enhancers as an example of BET protein function. We examine BRD4 redistribution and enhancer reprogramming in embryonic development, cancer, cardiovascular, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases, presenting hallmark studies that highlight BET proteins as attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. We review the currently available approaches to targeting BET proteins, methods of selectively targeting individual bromodomains, and review studies that compare the effects of selective BET inhibition to those of pan‐BET inhibition. Lastly, we examine the current clinical landscape of BET inhibitor development.
Evelina Tacconelli—two viruses, two wars
Authors: Tony Kirby
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020)

As a young doctor in the Catholic University Hospital of Rome, Evelina Tacconelli joined a war against a new and deadly threat—HIV—which was sweeping through the world. Now three decades later, she finds herself taking on another lethal enemy—severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, she divides her time between her roles as professor of infectious diseases at the University of Verona, Italy, and Head of the DZIF Clinical Research Unit on healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance at Tübingen University, Germany.
Antiviral efficacy of orally delivered neoagarohexaose, a nonconventional TLR4 agonist, against norovirus infection in mice
Authors: Minwoo Kim, Ji-Eun Lee, Hee Cho, Hae-Gwang Jung, Wooseong Lee, Han Young Seo, Soung-Hoon Lee, Dae-Gyun Ahn, Seong-Jun Kim, Je-Wook Yu, Jong-Won Oh
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
Reply to Spinelli <i>et al.</i> and to Jha: Continued Vigorous Inspiratory Effort as a Predictor of Noninvasive Ventilation Failure
Authors: Roberto Tonelli, Ivana Castaniere, Riccardo Fantini, Luca Tabbì, Stefano Busani, Lara Pisani, Stefano Nava, Enrico Clini, Alessandro Marchioni
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

VTe in the NIV success group with a significantly lower ΔPL indicated a higher lung compliance than the failure group.A differential change in ΔPes to ΔPL (31.5→39.5 cm H 2 O [Δ8 cm H 2 O] vs. 11→30.5cm H 2 O [Δ19.5 cm H 2 O]) with a similar level of pressure support and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), 2 hours after the NIV trial in the failure and the success group, needs further clarification.Interestingly, VTe/ΔPL was lower in the NIV success group than the NIV failure group despite having a significantly lower ΔPL.Even if a similar compliance is assumed for both groups, a persistent higher V Ė indicates reduced cardiac output or systemic oxygen delivery in the NIV failure group.The success of mechanical ventilation and spontaneous breathing is inherently linked with cardiorespiratory interactions (4).A greater inspiratory drive in the NIV failure group resulted in lower intrapleural pressure, which could have further reduced the cardiac output and systemic oxygen delivery by increasing afterload and reducing the blood flow from the intrathoracic to the extrathoracic part of the aorta (5).In addition, an exaggerated venous return due to a higher negative intrapleural pressure coupled with increased afterload could have led to additional pulmonary congestion and deterioration in chest X-rays in the NIV failure group.Furthermore, a persistent higher inspiratory effort in the NIV failure group despite a nonsignificant difference in HACOR (Heart Rate, Acidosis, Consciousness, Oxygenation, Respiratory Rate) score suggests a different pathophysiology of hypoxemia.A continued higher V Ė requirement did not allow ΔPes to reduce significantly in the NIV failure group.Therefore, a reduction in V Ė could also have been a potential predictor of NIV success with reasonable accuracy.Furthermore, titration of pressure support and PEEP during the NIV trial may be guided by a reduction in V Ė and work of breathing as the majority of the clinical parameters (RR, PO 2 /FI O 2 , and VTe/ΔPL) did not reach statistical significance to achieve the role of potential predictors.
Disaster Medicine
Authors: Edward J. Otten
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Trends and Outcomes of Restenosis After Coronary Stent Implantation in the United States
Authors: Issam D. Moussa, Divyanshu Mohananey, Jorge Saucedo, Gregg W. Stone, Robert W. Yeh, Kevin F. Kennedy, Ron Waksman, Paul Teirstein, Jeffrey W. Moses, Chuck Simonton
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Breast Cancer Cell Detection and Characterization from Breast Milk–Derived Cells
Authors: Poornima Bhat-Nakshatri, Brijesh Kumar, Ed Simpson, Kandice K. Ludwig, Mary L. Cox, Hongyu Gao, Yunlong Liu, Harikrishna Nakshatri
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Radiologic techniques remain the main method for early detection for breast cancer and are critical to achieve a favorable outcome from cancer. However, more sensitive detection methods to complement radiologic techniques are needed to enhance early detection and treatment strategies. Using our recently established culturing method that allows propagation of normal and cancerous breast epithelial cells of luminal origin, flow cytometry characterization, and genomic sequencing, we show that cancer cells can be detected in breast milk. Cells derived from milk from the breast with cancer were enriched for CD49f+/EpCAM-, CD44+/CD24-, and CD271+ cancer stem-like cells (CSC). These CSCs carried mutations within the cytoplasmic retention domain of HDAC6, stop/gain insertion in MORF4L1, and deletion mutations within SWI/SNF complex component SMARCC2. CSCs were sensitive to HDAC6 inhibitors, BET bromodomain inhibitors, and EZH2 inhibitors, as mutations in SWI/SNF complex components are known to increase sensitivity to these drugs. Among cells derived from breast milk of additional ten women not known to have breast cancer, two of them contained cells that were enriched for the CSC phenotype and carried mutations in NF1 or KMT2D, which are frequently mutated in breast cancer. Breast milk-derived cells with NF1 mutations also carried copy-number variations in CDKN2C, PTEN, and REL genes. The approach described here may enable rapid cancer cell characterization including driver mutation detection and therapeutic screening for pregnancy/postpartum breast cancers. Furthermore, this method can be developed as a surveillance or early detection tool for women at high risk for developing breast cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings describe how a simple method for characterization of cancer cells in pregnancy and postpartum breast cancer can be exploited as a surveillance tool for women at risk of developing breast cancer.
Consolidation Radiotherapy Could Be Safely Omitted in Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma With Large Nodal Mass in Complete Metabolic Response After ABVD: Final Analysis of the Randomized GITIL/FIL HD0607 Trial
Authors: Andrea Gallamini, Andrea Rossi, Caterina Patti, Marco Picardi, Alessandra Romano, Maria Cantonetti, Sara Oppi, Simonetta Viviani, Silvia Bolis, Livio Trentin, Guido Gini, Roberta Battistini, Stephane Chauvie, Roberto Sorasio, Chiara Pavoni, Roberta Zanotti, Michele Cimminiello, Corrado Schiavotto, Piera Viero, Antonino Mulé, Federico Fallanca, Umberto Ficola, Corrado Tarella, Luca Guerra, Alessandro Rambaldi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

To investigate the role of consolidation radiotherapy (cRT) in advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) presenting at baseline with a large nodal mass (LNM) in complete metabolic response after doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) chemotherapy.Advanced-stage (IIB-IVB) HL patients, enrolled in the HD 0607 trial (Clinicaltrial.gov identifier NCT00795613), with both a negative PET after two (PET-2) and six (PET-6) ABVD cycles, who presented at baseline with an LNM, defined as a nodal mass with the largest diameter ≥ 5 cm, were prospectively randomly assigned to receive cRT over the LNM or no further treatment (NFT).Among 296 randomly assigned patients, the largest diameter of LNM at baseline was 5-7 cm in 101 (34%; subgroup A) and 8-10 cm in 96 (32%; subgroup B), whereas classic bulky (diameter > 10 cm) was detected in 99 (33%; subgroup C). Two hundred eighty patients (88%) showed a postchemotherapy RM. The median dose of cRT was 30.6 Gy (range, 24-36 Gy). After a median follow-up of 5.9 years (range, 0.5-10 years), the 6-year progression-free survival rate of patients who underwent cRT or NFT was, respectively, 91% (95% CI, 84% to 99%) and 95% (95% CI, 89% to 100%; P = .62) in subgroup A; 98% (95% CI, 93% to 100%) and 90% (95% CI, 80% to 100%; P = .24) in subgroup B; 89% (95% CI, 81% to 98%) and 86% (95% CI, 77% to 96%; P = .53) in subgroup C (classic bulky).cRT could be safely omitted in patients with HL presenting with an LNM and a negative PET-2 and PET-6 scan, irrespective from the LNM size detected at baseline.