tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16877: High Serum Levels of Trefoil Factor 3 are Associated With an Increased Risk for Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Florian Obendorf, Carsten Thilo Herz, Clemens Höbaus, Gerfried Pesau, Renate Koppensteiner, Gerit Schernthaner
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), first described in the intestine has general growth but also angiogenic properties. Recently a role in cancer and inflammation was found. Classic cardiovascular risk factors have less predictive power for morbidity and mortality in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) compared to patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Hypothesis: Serum TFF3 levels are able to predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with PAD. Methods: We applied bead array technology to assess the serum levels of TFF3 in 359 patients of a prospective, on-going, long-term follow-up PAD study. First MACE was used as outcome parameter, defined as occurrence of any death, non-fatal myocardial infarction or non-fatal stroke. Statistical analysis were performed including univariate correlations, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, students t-test , ANOVA, Kaplan-Meier (KM)-analysis and Cox-regression. Results: Patients with systemic atherosclerosis defined as concomitant PAD, CHD and cerebrovascular disease had significant higher levels of TFF3 (59.38±20.86 ng/ml) at baseline compared to patients with only one (47.22±18.10 ng/ml; p=0.001) or two (49.12±19.43 ng/ml; p=0.006) manifestations of atherosclerosis. KM-analysis demonstrated a significant lower event-free survival for the fourth quartile of TFF3 (71.1%) compared to the other (88.1%) (Log-rank: p&lt;0.001). By using ROC a cut-off for TFF3 of 56.18 ng/ml was defined (sensitivity 56.9%; specifity 72.1%). A multivariable Cox regression model adjusted for age, gender, LDL-Cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, eGFR, diabetes status, smoking status and CRP showed that patients with TFF3 levels higher than 56.18 ng/ml had a hazard ratio of 2.77 (95%Cl: 1.38 - 5.58) for experiencing MACE. Conclusions: Our data imply a significant association of serum Trefoil Factor 3 and the occurrence of MACE in patients with atherosclerosis. This association of Trefoil Factor 3 and MACE was unchanged by C-reactive protein. Whether the association of Trefoil Factor 3 is causal, or a consequence of advanced atherosclerosis should be investigated in future trials containing time courses of Trefoil Factor 3 and MACE.
Abstract 17638: Deleterious Effect of All Nitric Oxide Synthases in Cerebral Infarction in Male Mice: Involvements of Sex Difference and Testosterone
Authors: Masato Tsutsui, Haruaki Kubota, Katsuhiko Noguchi, Toshihiro Matsuzaki, Mayuko Sakanashi, Junko Nakasone, Hiroaki Shimokawa, Yusuke Ohya, Kazuhiro Sugahara, Manabu Kakinohana
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: The role of each nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoform in cerebral infarction (CI) has been studied in individual NOS isoform-deficient mice. In a model of middle cerebral artery occlusio...
Abstract 12129: Public Reporting of PCI Outcomes and Provider Risk Aversion: The Results of a Survey of Interventional Cardiologists in Massachusetts and New York
Authors: Daniel M Blumenthal, Yuansong Zhao, Changyu Shen, Ajay J Kirtane, Duane S Pinto, Fred S Resnic, Karen E Joynt, Jason H Wasfy, Roxana Mehran, Ken Rosenfield, Robert W Yeh
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Public reporting of PCI outcomes is associated with risk-averse use of PCI and inferior outcomes. Contemporary data about how public reporting impacts interventional cardiologists’ (IC)...
Association of Expanded VA Hospice Care With Aggressive Care and Cost for Veterans With Advanced Lung Cancer
Authors: Vincent Mor, Todd H. Wagner, Cari Levy, Mary Ersek, Susan C. Miller, Risha Gidwani-Marszowski, Nina Joyce, Katherine Faricy-Anderson, Emily A. Corneau, Karl Lorenz, Bruce Kinosian, Scott Shreve
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

Medicare hospice beneficiaries discontinue disease-modifying treatments because the hospice benefit limits access. While veterans have concurrent access to hospice care and Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center (VAMC)-provided treatments, the association of this with changes in treatment and costs of veterans' end-of-life care is unknown. To determine whether increasing availability of hospice care, without restrictions on disease-modifying treatments, is associated with reduced aggressive treatments and medical care costs at the end of life. A modified difference-in-differences study design, using facility fixed effects, compared patient outcomes during years with relatively high vs lower hospice use. This study evaluated 13 085 veterans newly diagnosed with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from 113 VAMCs with a minimum of 5 veterans diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC per year, between 2006 and 2012. Data analyses were conducted between January 2017 and July 2018. Using VA inpatient, outpatient, pharmacy claims, and similar Medicare data, we created VAMC-level annual aggregates of all patients who died of cancer for hospice use, cancer treatment, and/or concurrent receipt of both in the last month of life, dividing all VAMC years into quintiles of exposure to hospice availability. Receipt of aggressive treatments (2 or more hospital admissions within 30 days, tube feeding, mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit [ICU] admission) and total costs in the first 6 months after diagnosis. Of the 13 085 veterans included in the study, 12 858 (98%) were men; 10 531 (81%) were white, and 5949 (46%) were older than 65 years. Veterans with NSCLC treated in a VAMC in the top hospice quintile (79% hospice users), relative to the bottom quintile (55% hospice users), were more than twice as likely to have concurrent cancer treatment after initiating hospice care (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.28; 95% CI, 1.67-3.31). Nonetheless, for veterans with NSCLC seen in VAMCs in the top hospice quintile, the AOR of receiving aggressive treatment in the 6 months after diagnosis was 0.66 (95% CI, 0.53-0.81), and the AOR of ICU use was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.62-0.99) relative to patients seen in VAMCs in the bottom hospice quintile. The 6-month costs were lower by an estimated $266 (95% CI, -$358 to -$164) per day for the high-quintile group vs the low-quintile group. There was no survival difference. Increasing the availability of hospice care without restricting treatment access for veterans with advanced lung cancer was associated with less aggressive medical treatment and significantly lower costs while still providing cancer treatment.
Protease/antiprotease network in allergy: The role of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> protease‐like proteins
Authors: Olga Krysko, Andrea Teufelberger, Sharon Van Nevel, Dmitri V. Krysko, Claus Bachert
Journal: Allergy (2019)

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is being recognized as a major cofactor in atopic diseases such as atopic dermatitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and asthma. The understanding of the relationship between S aureus virulence factors and the immune system is continuously improving. Although the precise mechanism of the host's immune response adaptation to the variable secretion profile of S aureus strains continues to be a matter of debate, an increasing number of studies have reported on central effects of S aureus secretome in allergy. In this review, we discuss how colonization of S aureus modulates the innate and adaptive immune response, thereby predisposing the organism to allergic sensitization and disrupting immune tolerance in the airways of patients with asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Next, we provide a critical overview of novel concepts dealing with S aureus in the initiation and persistence of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and asthma. The role of the S aureus serine protease‐like proteins in the initiation of a type 2 response and the contribution of the IL‐33/ST2 signaling axis in allergic responses induced by bacterial allergens are discussed.
Defective protein prenylation is a diagnostic biomarker of mevalonate kinase deficiency (Letter to the Editor)
Authors: Marcia Munoz, Julie Jurczyluk, Sam Mehr, Ryan Chai, Rob Arts, Angela Sheu, Chelsea McMahon, Davinder Singh-Grewal, Jeffrey Chaitow, Dianne Campbell, Julian Quinn, Kirill Alexandrov, Zakir Tnimov, Stuart Tangye, Anna Simon, Tri Giang Phan, Michael Rogers
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)
Periodontal herpesvirus morbidity and treatment
Authors: Jørgen Slots, Henrik Slots
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2019)

Abstract Four billion individuals worldwide have a history of periodontitis, with the poorest people in society most affected. Periodontitis can lead to unsightly drifting of teeth and tooth loss that may interfere with the wellbeing of daily living and has also been linked to at least 57 medical diseases and disabilities. The etiology of severe periodontitis includes active herpesviruses, specific bacterial pathogens, and destructive immune responses, but herpesviruses seem to be the major pathogenic determinant. Periodontal herpesviruses that disseminate via the systemic circulation to nonoral sites may represent a major link between periodontitis and systemic diseases. Current treatment of periodontitis focuses almost exclusively on bacterial biofilm and will require revision. Periodontal therapy that targets both herpesviruses and bacterial pathogens can provide long‐term clinical improvement and potentially reduces the risk of systemic diseases. Molecular diagnostic tests for periodontal pathogens may enable early microbial identification and preemptive therapy. This review details an efficient and reliable anti‐infective treatment of severe periodontitis that can be carried out in minimal time with minimal cost.
SHANK2 mutations associated with autism spectrum disorder cause hyperconnectivity of human neurons
Authors: Kirill Zaslavsky, Wen-Bo Zhang, Fraser P. McCready, Deivid C. Rodrigues, Eric Deneault, Caitlin Loo, Melody Zhao, P. Joel Ross, Joelle El Hajjar, Asli Romm, Tadeo Thompson, Alina Piekna, Wei Wei, Zhuozhi Wang, Shahryar Khattak, Marat Mufteev, Peter Pasceri, Stephen W. Scherer, Michael W. Salter, James Ellis
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2019)
Hoarding all of the chips: Slot machine gambling and the foraging for coins
Authors: Mike James Ferrar Robinson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2019)

Abstract Predictions made by the “incentive hope” hypothesis account for overconsumption in unpredictable food environments. However, when applied to uncertain gambling situations, there are several areas where this theory falls short. Most notably, it has trouble explaining why, in slot machine gambling, players are motivated by extended play to spend time trying to resolve uncertainty, rather than hoarding monetary gains.
Abstract 16271: Structural and Functional Changes of the Thoracic Aorta Regress After Mechanical Unloading Therapy in a Rat Model of Abdominal Aortic Constriction-Induced Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Sevil Korkmaz-Icöz, Paige Brlecic, Mihály Ruppert, Tamás Radovits, Matthias Karck, Gábor Szabó
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Long-term elevated, uncontrolled arterial blood pressure can lead to hypertensive cardiomyopathy and to a direct impairment of the blood vessel walls. Studies have demonstrated that p...
Daily and high potency cannabis are linked to higher rates of psychosis, study finds
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Almost a third of new cases of psychosis in London are linked to the use of high potency cannabis, a study has concluded.1

The pioneering multicentre study set out to discover the incidence of psychosis in 10 sites in Europe and one in Brazil and to investigate any links with cannabis use.

Current evidence on the incidence of psychosis is “pathetic,” said Robin Murray of the Institute of Psychiatry at King’s College, London, at a briefing held at the Science Media Centre on 19 March. “So is the evidence on the potency of cannabis being used in different places.”

The research team set out to change this by recording new diagnoses of psychosis in 1130 people aged 18 to 64 in the 11 sites and by questioning the people with new diagnoses and matched control participants about their use of cannabis. The findings, published in Lancet Psychiatry ,1 showed an eightfold variation in incidence …
Protective Effect Against Cancer of Antibodies to the Large Subunits of Both <scp>RNA</scp> Polymerases I and <scp>III</scp> in Scleroderma
Authors: Ami A. Shah, Marikki Laiho, Antony Rosen, Livia Casciola‐Rosen
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2019)

While compelling data suggest a cancer-induced autoimmunity model in scleroderma patients with anti-RNA polymerase III large subunit (anti-RPC155) antibodies, ~85% of these patients do not manifest cancer. This study was undertaken to determine whether additional autoantigens are targeted in anti-RPC155-positive scleroderma patients without detectable cancer.
Abstract P043: Higher Levels of CRP and IL-6 are Associated With Femoral Artery Plaque Presence, but Not Plaque Characteristics: The San Diego Population Study (SDPS)
Authors: Natalie Suder, Emma Barinas-Mitchell, Matthew Allison, Michael Criqui, Joachim Ix, Nancy Jenny, Christina Wassel
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The potential involvement of c-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6 and intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 in the destabilization, erosion, or rupture of arterial plaque, particularly plaques in the lower extremity arteries is not well-established. Thus, we sought to determine whether circulating levels of CRP, IL-6, and ICAM-1 were associated with the presence, burden, and characteristics of femoral artery plaques. Methods: The San Diego Population Study is a prospective, population-based, multi-ethnic cohort of 1103 men and women averaged age 70 at a follow up exam taking place from 2007-11. At this exam, B-mode ultrasound was used to measure plaque presence, burden, and characteristics, including total plaque area (TPA), mean grey-scale median (GSM), and presence of calcification. Plaques were assessed in the left and right superficial and common femoral arteries. Plaque presence was defined as any plaque in any arterial segment, while plaque burden was total number of plaques summed over all four segments. Circulating CRP, ICAM-1, and IL-6 were also measured at this exam. Associations of CRP, IL-6, and ICAM-1 with plaque presence and burden were assessed using logistic and zero-inflated Poisson regression, respectively. Among those with plaque, linear and logistic regression were used to assess associations of the biomarkers with plaque characteristics. All models adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, BP, statin use, smoking status, diabetes, peripheral artery disease, and chronic kidney disease. Results: Higher circulating CRP was significantly associated with plaque presence with participants in the highest quartile of CRP having 1.8 times higher odds of having femoral plaque compared to those in the lowest quartile. Participants in the highest quartiles of CRP and IL-6 were significantly more likely to have greater plaque burden compared to those in the lowest quartiles (CRP OR=1.64, 95% CI=1.09-2.44; IL-6 OR=1.65, 95%CI=1.06-2.55). No associations were observed between circulating biomarkers and plaque characteristics, including TPA, GSM, or calcification. Conclusions: Higher levels of circulating CRP and IL-6 are associated with greater plaque burden in the femoral arteries of participants in the SDPS; however, these biomarkers do not appear to be associated with characteristics of femoral artery plaques. These results are consistent with findings in the carotid and coronary arteries.
Controversies in Management: Screening before pregnancy is needed
Authors: J A Raeburn
Journal: BMJ (1994)

high profile, vertical intervention programmes and its stated goal ofintegrated primary health care.WHO is entering a period of intense soul searching and internal upheaval.Some insiders fear that it is tearing itself apart.With growing pressure on limited resources, donors are demanding more value for money and greater accountability.Reports from the United Nations, from donors, and from within the WHO itself are demanding radical reform.468The articles that follow will explore the problems faced by WHO and some possible solutions.Even WHO's most vociferous critics agree that some form of international health organisation is necessary.The world needs a strong body to take the lead in health matters, to act as an advocate for equity in economic and social development, to set priorities for the use of limited resources, to provide neutral territory for debating sensitive issues, and to give technical advice and support.Such a role can be successfully taken only by an organisation that commands respect and is seen to be above national politics and free from divisive internal wranglings.It remains to be seen whether the World Health Organisation is capable of reform or whether, as some critics feel, it is doomed, like the rest of the United Nations, to flounder in a morass of petty corruption and ineffective bureaucracy.These articles will, I hope, stimulate a much needed debate on WHO's future.
QIM19-140: A New Standard of Care
Authors: Bianshly Rivera Rivero, Melissa Kapsick, Smitha R. Pabbathi
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

Background: Nationally, many cancer survivors do not receive a survivorship care plan following completion of therapy. The American College of Surgeons’ Commission of Cancer’s Standard 3.3 requirement for accreditation placed this issue front and center for many of the participating cancer programs. The Commission on Cancer (CoC) survey found only one fifth of the cancer programs would be successful by 2015 and thus updated the standard in 2017. We describe a successful process created to deliver on this standard in an NCI designated cancer center to meet the needs of our patients. Methods: In early 2017, a multidisciplinary task force was created to initiate and implement survivorship care plans for newly diagnosed patients. Eligibility for care plans is determined by the CoC and the Moffitt cancer committee. The initiative included a cost-effective solution, “Journey Forward.” Moffitt Cancer Center was able to incorporate additional specific patient education and surveillance recommendations. A dedicated nursing team creating the care plans individually discussed with patients with the oversight of the Cancer Committee. Results: With collaboration from the cancer registry, nursing leadership and survivorship clinic, the diseases targeted initially were breast, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, head and neck, gynecology, non-small cell lung, thyroid, and lymphoma. Within 5 months of inception of the task force, 25% of survivorship care plans (SCP) were completed and by the end of the 2017 calendar year, we delivered 50% of analytic cases treated, amounting to approximately 2,500. The care plans were housed in the electronic medical record and available for patients via the patient portal. Conclusions: This initiative is made up of a multidisciplinary team from senior leadership, cancer committee members, the cancer registry, the survivorship clinic staff, nursing, social work, health information management, case management, and our information technology colleagues. A shared passion and vision lead the task force’s momentum. We all believed this was not just a mandate to comply with but a communication tool that is essential for our patients’ wellness long-term. Although there is minimal evidence to show the benefit of SCP with regard to outcomes, our team felt this document can indeed assist cancer patients’ transition into the next phase of their journey. Our project has improved the patient experience with positive feedback.
Screening HLA to Prevent Severe Drug Reactions—A Devil’s Advocate Perspective
Authors: Sherrie J. Divito
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

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The role of exclusive enteral nutrition in the preoperative optimization of laparoscopic surgery for patients with Crohn's disease: A cohort study
Authors: Xiaolong Ge, Shasha Tang, Xiaoyan Yang, Wei Liu, Linna Ye, Weihua Yu, Haili Xu, Qian Cao, Wei Zhou, Xiujun Cai
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2019)