tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dual roles of <i>EZH2</i> in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Radek C. Skoda, Juerg Schwaller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2019)

In this issue of JEM, Basheer et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20181276) describe opposing roles of the epigenetic regulator Ezh2 during initiation and maintenance of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Ezh2 was found to have tumor suppressive and oncogenic functions in different phases of the same malignancy.
Cardiovascular Effects of Treatment With the Ketone Body 3-Hydroxybutyrate in Chronic Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Roni Nielsen, Niels Møller, Lars C. Gormsen, Lars Poulsen Tolbod, Nils Henrik Hansson, Jens Sorensen, Hendrik Johannes Harms, Jørgen Frøkiær, Hans Eiskjaer, Nichlas Riise Jespersen, Søren Mellemkjaer, Thomas Ravn Lassen, Kasper Pryds, Hans Erik Bøtker, Henrik Wiggers
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Myocardial utilization of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) is increased in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, the cardiovascular effects of increased circulating plasma-3-OHB levels in these patients are unknown. Consequently, the authors’ aim was to modulate circulating 3-OHB levels in HFrEF patients and evaluate: (1) changes in cardiac output (CO); (2) a potential dose-response relationship between 3-OHB levels and CO; (3) the impact on myocardial external energy efficiency (MEE) and oxygen consumption (MVO 2 ); and (4) whether the cardiovascular response differed between HFrEF patients and age-matched volunteers. Methods: Study 1: 16 chronic HFrEF patients (left ventricular ejection fraction: 37±3%) were randomized in a crossover design to 3-hour of 3-OHB or placebo infusion. Patients were monitored invasively with a Swan-Ganz catheter and with echocardiography. Study 2: In a dose-response study, 8 HFrEF patients were examined at increasing 3-OHB infusion rates. Study 3 to 4: 10 HFrEF patients and 10 age-matched volunteers were randomized in a crossover design to 3-hour 3-OHB or placebo infusion. MEE and MVO 2 were evaluated using 11C-acetate positron emission tomography. Results: 3-OHB infusion increased circulating levels of plasma 3-OHB from 0.4±0.3 to 3.3±0.4 mM ( P &lt;0.001). CO rose by 2.0±0.2 L/min ( P &lt;0.001) because of an increase in stroke volume of 20±2 mL ( P &lt;0.001) and heart rate of 7±2 beats per minute (bpm) ( P &lt;0.001). Left ventricular ejection fraction increased 8±1% ( P &lt;0.001) numerically. There was a dose-response relationship with a significant CO increase of 0.3 L/min already at plasma-3-OHB levels of 0.7 mM ( P &lt;0.001). 3-OHB increased MVO 2 without altering MEE. The response to 3-OHB infusion in terms of MEE and CO did not differ between HFrEF patents and age-matched volunteers. Conclusions: 3-OHB has beneficial hemodynamic effects in HFrEF patients without impairing MEE. These beneficial effects are detectable in the physiological concentration range of circulating 3-OHB levels. The hemodynamic effects of 3-OHB were observed in both HFrEF patients and age-matched volunteers. 3-OHB may potentially constitute a novel treatment principle in HFrEF patients.
QIM19-119: Validity of the French-Language Mammography Satisfaction Instrument Evaluating Women’s Satisfaction With an Organized Breast Cancer Screening Program: A Confirmatory Study
Authors: Isabelle Bairati, Anne-Sophie Julien, Jocelyne Chiquette
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

Background: To evaluate the quality of an organized mammography screening program based on the perception of screened women, we developed and validated the French-language Mammography Satisfaction Instrument (MSI). The study objective was to confirm the validity and reliability of the MSI. Methods: A confirmatory study was conducted among 529 women who had had a recent screening mammography under the Quebec Breast Cancer Screening Program (PQDCS). Eligible women from the Quebec City region completed the online MSI between January 14 and May 23, 2016. The MSI originally included 14 items evaluating 4 factors: satisfaction with (1) the technician’s skills; (2) the physical environment; (3) the staff’s communication skills; and (4) the information provided under the program. A fifth factor with 2 items, evaluating mammography accessibility, was added. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was done and goodness of fit indices were generated (SRMR, CFI, RMSEA with its 90% CI). Item reliability and composite reliability were estimated. Variance extract estimates (VEEs) were generated to assess the amount of variance explained by the factors. Multivariate logistic regressions were done to test the sensitivity of each scale to identify subgroups of unsatisfied women. Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% CI were estimated. Results: Most women (62.0%) were aged 55–64, and 32.9% had university level education. The CFA demonstrated that the 5 factors fitted the data well (SRMR=0.044; CFI=0.969; RMSEA=0.055 with its 90% CI: 0.047–0.063). Item reliabilities (≥0.55) and composite reliabilities (≥0.87) were high. All VEEs were also high (≥0.70). Pain during compression, anxiety before the mammography, perception of not having an excellent health, and the radiologic centers were the factors the most consistently and significantly associated with the 5 scales of satisfaction. In addition, women with university level education were less satisfied with the staff’s communication skills (OR=0.64; 95% CI: 0.43–0.97) and those having had less than 10 lifetime mammograms were less satisfied with the physical environment (OR=0.52; 95% CI: 0.33–0.83) and the accessibility (OR=0.53; 95% CI: 0.31–0.92). Conclusions : This confirmatory study showed the good reliability and validity of the construct of the 16-item MSI with 5 factors. The MSI is useful to detect unsatisfied women and to improve the quality of organized breast cancer screening programs.
Human GATA1 Driven By the Human Μicro LCR/β-Globin Promoter Rescues the Erythroid but Not the Megakaryocytic Phenotype Induced in Mice By the Gata1low Mutation
Authors: Maria Zingariello, Laura Sancillo, Fabrizio Martelli, Rosa Alba Rana, Laura Calabresi, Niccolò Bartalucci, Alessandro M. Vannucchi, George Stamatoyannopoulos, Anna Rita Migliaccio
Journal: Blood (2018)
SIRT3-Dependent Mitochondrial Dynamics Remodeling Contributes to Oxidative Stress-Induced Melanocyte Degeneration in Vitiligo
Authors: Xiuli Yi, Weinan Guo, Qiong Shi, Yuqi Yang, Weigang Zhang, Xuguang Chen, Pan Kang, Jiaxi Chen, Tingting Cui, Jinyuan Ma, Huina Wang, Sen Guo, Yuqian Chang, Ling Liu, Zhe Jian, Lin Wang, Qian Xiao, Shuli Li, Tianwen Gao, Chunying Li
Journal: Theranostics (2019)

Mitochondrial dysregulation has been implicated in oxidative stress-induced melanocyte destruction in vitiligo. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this process is merely investigated. Given the prominent role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) in sustaining mitochondrial dynamics and homeostasis and that SIRT3 expression and activity can be influenced by oxidative stress-related signaling, we wondered whether SIRT3 could play an important role in vitiligo melanocyte degeneration by regulating mitochondrial dynamics. Methods: We initially testified SIRT3 expression and activity in normal and vitiligo melanocytes via PCR, immunoblotting and immunofluorescence assays. Then, cell apoptosis, mitochondrial function and mitochondrial dynamics after SIRT3 intervention were analyzed by flow cytometry, immunoblotting, confocal laser microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and oxphos activity assays. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), immunoblotting and immunofluorescence assays were performed to clarify the upstream regulatory mechanism of SIRT3. Finally, the effect of honokiol on protecting melanocytes and the underlying mechanism were investigated via flow cytometry and immunoblotting analysis. Results: We first found that the expression and the activity of SIRT3 were significantly impaired in vitiligo melanocytes both in vitro and in vivo. Then, SIRT3 deficiency led to more melanocyte apoptosis by inducing severe mitochondrial dysfunction and cytochrome c release to cytoplasm, with Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1)-mediated mitochondrial dynamics remodeling involved in. Moreover, potentiated carbonylation and dampened peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) activation accounted for SIRT3 dysregulation in vitiligo melanocytes. Finally, we proved that honokiol could prevent melanocyte apoptosis under oxidative stress by activating SIRT3-OPA1 axis. Conclusions: Overall, we demonstrate that SIRT3-dependent mitochondrial dynamics remodeling contributes to oxidative stress-induced melanocyte degeneration in vitiligo, and honokiol is promising in preventing oxidative stress-induced vitiligo melanocyte apoptosis.
Abstract 19215: Effect of Timing of Redo Ablation on Outcomes of Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Bipin Sunkara, Yumeng Li, Miki Yokokawa, Rakesh Latchamsetty, Hamid Ghanbari, Thomas Crawford, Krit Jongnarangsin, Frank Pelosi, Aman Chugh, Fred Morady, Hakan Oral
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Repeat catheter ablation (CA) is needed in 20-60% of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who undergo de novo CA. However, it is not clear whether time to recurrence of AF after 1st C...
Clinical characteristics of heart failure patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation today in Europe. Data from the atrial fibrillation registries of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Heart Rhythm Association
Authors: Pier Luigi Temporelli, Roland R. Tilz, Elena Arbelo, Nikolaos Dagres, Cécile Laroche, Harry J. Crijns, Carina Blomstrom‐Lundqvist, Paulus Kirchhof, Gregory Y.H. Lip, Giuseppe Boriani, Evengy Pokushalov, Eleni Nakou, Josep Brugada, Luigi Tavazzi
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2019)
Treatment trends in periodontics
Authors: Raúl G. Caffesse, Josė J. Echeverría
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2019)

Abstract This volume of Periodontology 2000 , entitled “Treatment Trends in Periodontics”, evaluates the importance of nonsurgical periodontal therapy and defines its role as the key etiologic treatment of the disease. The need for scaling and root planing is mandatory step during the initial phase of therapy, as is self‐care by the patient. Only after reevaluation of the outcome achieved by nonsurgical procedures should surgery be considered, and the concept of “critical probing depth” is emphasized. The chapters in this volume discuss different aspects of periodontal surgery, including regeneration and plastic periodontal procedures, and, looking toward the future, cell therapy in periodontics is explored. The impact of periodontal therapy on systemic diseases is reviewed, and the role of occlusion in periodontal disease is revisited and discussed. Topics on implants include their placement in fresh extraction sockets, socket healing with or without implant placement, and research on osseointegration. The important topic of maintenance care of teeth and implants for long‐term therapeutic success is thoroughly evaluated, as is the efficacy of dentifrices in oral hygiene. The editors convey a nutshell review of the concepts of what periodontal treatment should entail, based on scientific evidence generated during half‐a‐century of work in periodontics.
The Role of Disease Label in Patient Perceptions and Treatment Decisions in the Setting of Low-Risk Malignant Neoplasms
Authors: Peter R. Dixon, George Tomlinson, Jesse David Pasternak, Ozgur Mete, Chaim M. Bell, Anna M. Sawka, David P. Goldstein, David R. Urbach
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

The cancer disease label may lead to overtreatment of low-risk malignant neoplasms owing to a patient's emotional response or misunderstanding of prognosis. Decision making should be driven by risks and benefits of treatment and prognosis rather than disease label.To determine whether disease label plays a role in patient decision making in the setting of low-risk malignant neoplasms and to determine how the magnitude of the disease-label effect compares with preferences for treatment and prognosis.A discrete choice experiment conducted using an online survey of 1314 US residents in which participants indicated their preferences between a series of 2 hypothetical vignettes describing the incidental discovery of a small thyroid lesion. Vignettes varied on 3 attributes: disease label (cancer, tumor, or nodule); treatment (active surveillance or hemithyroidectomy); and risk of progression or recurrence (0%, 1%, 2%, or 5%). The independent associations of each attribute with likelihood of vignette selection was estimated with a Bayesian mixed logit model.The preference weight of the cancer disease label was compared with preference weights for other attributes.In 1068 predominantly healthy respondents (605 women and 463 men) with a median age of 35 years (range, 18-78 years), the cancer disease label played a considerable role in respondent decision making independent of treatment offered and risk of progression or recurrence. Participants accepted a 4-percentage-point increase in risk of progression or recurrence (from 1% to 5%) to avoid labeling their disease as cancer in favor of nodule (marginal rate of substitution [MRS], 1.0; 95% credible interval [CrI], 0.9-1.1). Preference for the nodule label instead of cancer was similar in magnitude to the preference for active surveillance over surgery (MRS, 1.0; 95% CrI, 0.9-1.1).Disease label plays a role in patient preference independent of treatment risks or prognosis. Raising the threshold for biopsy or removing the word cancer from the disease label may mitigate patient preference for aggressive treatment of low-risk lesions. Health care professionals should emphasize treatment risks and benefits and natural disease history when supporting treatment decisions for potentially innocuous epithelial malignant neoplasms.
Effect of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Intervention on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Kyuwan Lee, Debu Tripathy, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Kerry S. Courneya, Nathalie Sami, Leslie Bernstein, Darcy Spicer, Thomas A. Buchanan, Joanne E. Mortimer, Christina M. Dieli-Conwright
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

The Framingham Risk Score (FRS) is a valid method for predicting the 10-year risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Higher FRS is reported in patients with early-stage breast cancer who are overweight than in healthy, age-matched women, but whether exercise reduces FRS in this patient population is unclear.To examine the effects of a 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention on the FRS in women with early-stage breast cancer and with overweight condition or obesity.This single-center, prospective randomized clinical trial included 100 women with stage I to III breast cancer who were sedentary, with overweight condition or obesity (body mass index of ≥25.0 or body fat of ≥30%), and completed cancer treatment within 6 months prior to enrollment. Participants were randomized to either the usual care or exercise group. Differences in mean changes for outcomes were evaluated using mixed-model repeated-measures analyses. Data were collected from August 1, 2012, through July 1, 2017. Data analysis, which followed the intention-to-treat approach, was performed from May 24 to October 2, 2018.The exercise group underwent supervised aerobic and resistance exercise sessions thrice weekly for 16 weeks.The FRS was calculated for each participant using preset points for each of the 6 FRS categories: age, systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes presence, and smoking status.In total, 100 women were randomized to either the exercise group (n = 50) or usual care group (n = 50). Of these women, 55 (55%) were of Hispanic white race/ethnicity and the mean (SD) age was 53.5 (10.4) years. The mean (SD) total FRS scores postintervention were 2.0 (1.5) in the exercise group and 13.0 (3.0) in the usual care group. The postintervention FRS was significantly reduced in the exercise group compared with the usual care group (mean, -9.5; 95% CI, -13.0 to -6.0), which corresponds to an 11% (95% CI, -15.0 to -5.0) decrease on the FRS-predicted 10-year risk of developing cardiovascular disease.A 16-week supervised aerobic and resistance exercise intervention appeared to reduce the FRS-predicted 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease in women with early-stage breast cancer with overweight condition or obesity.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01140282.
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is abundant in neurologically healthy subjects and drops sharply in patients with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Elena P. Moreno-Jiménez, Miguel Flor-García, Julia Terreros-Roncal, Alberto Rábano, Fabio Cafini, Noemí Pallas-Bazarra, Jesús Ávila, María Llorens-Martín
Journal: Nature Medicine (2019)
A Yoda1-Based Approach to Investigate Piezo1 Channels in Red Blood Cells Using Automated Patch Clamp Technology
Authors: Maria Giustina Rotordam, Elisa Fermo, Nadine Becker, Wilma Barcellini, Andrea Brüggemann, Niels Fertig, Stéphane Egée, Markus Rapedius, Paola Bianchi, Lars Kaestner
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 18144: Development of a Living Mitral Valve Utilizing a Stable Collagen and Elastin Scaffold
Authors: Christopher deBorde, Dan Simionescu, Leslie Sierad, Christopher Wright, Agneta Simionescu
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Mitral valve prolapse is the most common cause of regurgitation referred for surgical repair or replacement in the western world, but currently available substitutes do not adequately...
THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF ASYMPTOMATIC ISOLATED INTRATHORACIC NODULES
Authors: S E WOLPAW
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1952)

Article1 September 1952THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF ASYMPTOMATIC ISOLATED INTRATHORACIC NODULESSIDNEY E. WOLPAW, M.D., F.A.C.P.SIDNEY E. WOLPAW, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-37-3-489 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMass chest x-ray surveys, originally intended to detect early pulmonary tuberculosis, have also revealed that other intrathoracic lesions may be found with some degree of frequency in apparently healthy people. Particularly significant is the knowledge, now commonplace among chest physicians and thoracic surgeons, that in their early development many of these lesions are silent, the patient entirely unaware of their existence because symptoms are lacking. Even the most adept diagnostician is often unable to elicit their presence by the ordinary methods of physical examination. A varied assortment of symptomless intrathoracic conditions has been discovered in this manner. In this group...Bibliography1. FreedlanderWolpawMendelsohn SOSEHJ: Surgical experience with asymptomatic intrathoracic growths, Radiology 55: 700, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. O'BrienTuttleFerkaney EJWMJE: The management of the pulmonary "coin" lesion, S. Clin. North America 28: 1313, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Effler DB: Solitary lung tumors, Am. Rev. Tuberc. 63: 252, 1951. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. AbelesEhrlich HD: Single, circumscribed, intrathoracic densities, New England J. Med. 244: 85, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cleveland, Ohio*Presented at the Thirty-third Annual Session of the American College of Physicians, Cleveland, Ohio, April 22, 1952.From the Departments of Medicine, Cleveland City and Mt. Sinai Hospitals, and the Western Reserve University School of Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAn analysis of 155 solitary lung lesions illustrating the differential diagnosis of mixed tumours of the lungSolitary or “Coin” Lesions of the LungThe problem of circumscribed lung opacitiesEXFOLIATIVE CYTOLOGY IN SOLITARY PERIPHERAL LESIONS OF THE LUNGSThe solitary pulmonary noduleRundherde der LungePulmonary Metastasis from Occult Primary Sites Resembling Bronchogenic CarcinomaTHE SOLITARY PULMONARY NODULEThe Diagnostic Problem of Peripheral Pulmonary LesionsPulmonary “coin” lesionsBenign tumors of the bronchus and lungDiagnosis and Treatment of Solitary Circumscribed Nodules of the LungThe Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Pulmonary Disease 1 September 1952Volume 37, Issue 3Page: 489-505KeywordsHealth surveysHospital medicineLesionsSurgeonsThorax ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1952 PDF downloadLoading ...
Lung cancer: diagnosis and management: summary of updated NICE guidance
Authors: Ross Maconachie, Toby Mercer, Neal Navani, Gary McVeigh
Journal: BMJ (2019)

### What you need to know This National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline update covers the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.1 Recommendations on referral for suspected cancer are covered in a separate guideline.2 ### Why did it need updating? New trials and systematic reviews have been published in several relevant areas since the 2011 update of this guideline, particularly in the areas of staging, radiotherapy, and systemic treatments. ### Who is it for? The new recommendations are largely focused on secondary care, but the guideline is relevant to all stakeholders with an interest in the diagnosis and management of patients with lung cancer, including those in primary care. ### What evidence was reviewed? Evidence was reviewed on the use of: