tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment-related deaths after concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized studies.
Authors: Jing Zhao, Ramses F. Sadek, Ahmad Albasheer, Zhonglin Hao, Frank Mott, Feng-Ming (Spring) Kong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

7561 Background: Treatment related deaths (TRDs), defined as grade 5 events that were not explained by tumor progression, may occur after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The purpose of this study is to 1) compare the TRDs rates between patients treated with cCRT and non-cCRT (sequential chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy alone); 2) determine whether radiation dose and chemotherapy regimens were independent risk factors associated with TRDs after cCRT. Methods: Eligible studies include randomized controlled trials for locally advanced NSCLC patients with any treatment arms of cCRT and TRDs data reported between January 1, 1999 and November 30, 2013. The log-rank test was used to calculate pooled hazard ratios (HRs), with a fixed effect model. Χ2 tests and I2 were used to study heterogeneity between trials. Results: Twenty-eight studies (5897 patients) were eligible. The TRD rates were 3.0%, and 3.7% for cCRT and non-cCRT, respectively (P = 0.313). In univariate analysis, radiation dose (> 60 Gy), number of drugs for cCRT (above one), regimens for cCRT (other than etopside + cisplatin) or consolidation chemotherapy were not significantly correlated with TRDs. In 9 trials available for comparing TRD between cCRT and non-cCRT, the HR of TRD for two groups was 1.22 (95% CI: 0.72-2.06; P = 0.455). The test for heterogeneity was not significant (Χ2 = 9.62, P = 0.38, I2 = 6%). Four of 28 trials were included in the analysis of correlation between TRDs and dose fractionated methods. After pooling the data, no significant difference was found in TRDs treated between standard-fractionated radiation and hyper-fractionated radiation (HR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.46-2.13, P= 0.977). Choice of chemotherapy agent (3rd generation chemotherapy regimens or other regiments) and consolidation versus no-consolidation, each available in 4 trails, did not significantly impact TRD rates. Conclusions: Compared to sequential chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy alone, cCRT did not significantly increase the TRD. Neither radiation dose nor chemotherapy regimens increases the treatment mortality.
Serum miR-21 and survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with first-line mFOLFOX6.
Authors: Li Junhe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e15049 Background: The expression of miR-21 has been showed to be involved with processes of cancer including tumorigenesis, progression and metastasis. The up-regulation of miR-21 has been showed to corelate with a lower survival rate, In addition, miR-21 dysregulation has been reported to be a predictor of tumor responses to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents, such as gemcitabine, docetaxel, temozolomide and 5-fluorouracil. Recently miR-21 has been found stably expressed in serum, so we explored the level of miR-21 in the serum of advanced gastric cancer (AGC)and investigated the value of serum miR-21 as a non-invasive biomarker for predicting treatment response and prognosis in AGC patients treated with first-line mFOLFOX6, which might help to select AGC patients who will have survival benefit from mFOLFOX6, avoid the toxicity to non-responders, and reduce the healthcare cost for patients. Methods: Serum samples were collected from 30 AGC patients prior to chemotherapy, 10 10 gastric adenoma (GA) patientsents prior to chemotherapy nts prior to chemotherapy and 10 healthy volunteers. All patients received mFOLFOX6 as first-line chemotherapy until disease-progression or unacceptable toxicities. The levels of serum miR-21 were quantified by real time qRT-PCR, and evaluated for its association with clinicopathological parameters and response and survival, serum miR-16 was chose as internal control. Results: The levels of serum miR-21(1.4±1.0) in AGC patients was significantly up-regulated compared with gastric adenoma patients (0.5±0.1, P<0.05) and healthy controls (0.5±0.4, P<0.05). High serum miR-21 expression was not correlated with sex, age, performance status, histologic grade, site of primary tumor, and objective response.(all P >0.05). Patients in high miR-21 expression group had a median OS of 9.4 (95% CI 7.1~11.7) months versus 7.5 months (95%CI 6.7~8.3) for those in low miR-21 expression group (P=0.03). By Cox multivariate analysis, only serum miR-21 and PS remained significant variables. Conclusions: Serum miR-21 might serve as a non-invasive biomarker predicting prognosis in AGC patients treated with mFOLFOX6 as first-line chemotherapy.
The Use of Excise Taxes to Reduce Tobacco, Alcohol, and Sugary Beverage Consumption
Authors: Frank J. Chaloupka, Lisa M. Powell, Kenneth E. Warner
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2019)

In countries around the world, tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are significant contributors to the global epidemic of noncommunicable diseases. As a consequence, they contribute, as well, to excess health care costs and productivity losses. A large and growing body of research documents that taxes specific to such products, known as excise taxes, reduce consumption of these products and thereby diminish their adverse health consequences. Although such taxation has historically been motivated primarily by revenue generation, governments are increasingly using these taxes to discourage unhealthy consumption. We review the global evidence on the impact of taxes and prices on the consumption of these products and the health and social consequences. We then evaluate arguments commonly raised against these taxes, identify best practices in excise tax policy, and conclude with a summary of the current status of tobacco, alcohol, and SSB excise taxes globally.
Medicaid Expansion Gains Momentum
Authors: Anna L. Goldman, Benjamin D. Sommers
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Early Response Data for Pediatric Patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated with CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cells
Authors: Julie Rivers, Colleen Annesley, Corinne Summers, Olivia Finney, Michael A. Pulsipher, Alan S. Wayne, Julie R. Park, Michael C. Jensen, Rebecca Gardner
Journal: Blood (2018)
Engineering Immune Tolerance with Biomaterials
Authors: Joshua M. Gammon, Christopher M. Jewell
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

Abstract Autoimmune diseases, rejection of transplanted organs and grafts, chronic inflammatory diseases, and immune‐mediated rejection of biologic drugs impact a large number of people across the globe. New understanding of immune function is revealing exciting opportunities to help tackle these challenges by harnessing—or correcting—the specificity of immune function. However, realizing this potential requires precision control over the interaction between regulatory immune cues, antigens attacked during inflammation, and the tissues where these processes occur. Engineered materials—such as polymeric and lipid particles, scaffolds, and inorganic materials—offer powerful features that can help to selectively regulate immune function during disease without compromising healthy immune functions. This review highlights some of the exciting developments to leverage biomaterials as carriers, depots, scaffolds—and even as agents with intrinsic immunomodulatory features—to promote immunological tolerance.
Updated Safety and Efficacy of Venetoclax with Decitabine or Azacitidine in Treatment-Naive, Elderly Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Courtney D. DiNardo, Daniel A. Pollyea, Brian A Jonas, Marina Konopleva, Vinod Pullarkat, Andrew Wei, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Arnaud Pigneux, Christian Recher, John F Seymour, Martin Dunbar, Tu Xu, Mack Mabry, Jalaja Potluri, Keith Pratz, Anthony Letai
Journal: Blood (2017)
Phase I study of dose-dense chemotherapy (DDC) alternating cisplatin (CDDP), topotecan (TPT), and paclitaxel (PTX) with CDDP, amrubicin (AMR), and PTX under granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).
Authors: Junta Tanaka, Satoshi Watanabe, Hiroshi Kagamu, Daisuke Ishikawa, Koichiro Nozaki, Tomohiro Tanaka, Masaaki Okajima, Satoru Miura, Ichiei Narita, Hirohisa Yoshizawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e18553 Background: Platinum-based combination is the mainstay of chemotherapy for ES-SCLC, with limited recent fruit of new agent development. In terms of treatment modality, dose-intensive chemotherapy failed to demonstrate efficacy, but little is known about the role of DDC when applied to the disease. The aim of this study is to clarify the dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), estimate maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), and determine recommended dose (RD) for DDC alternating CDDP, TPT and PTX with CDDP, AMR, and PTX (PlaTT-PAT). Methods: Histologically or cytologically proven ES-SCLC patients were treated with first combination chemotherapy consisting of CDDP (fixed dose of 40 mg/m2 by 60-minute iv infusion, day1), TPT (1-1.2 mg/m2 by 30-minute iv infusion, day1-4) and PTX (100-120mg/m2 by 60-minute iv infusion, day4). On day5 lenograstim 100ug/d was started subcutaneously until neutrophil count has reached 5000/uL, and then second combination was delivered with CDDP (fixed dose of 40 mg/m2 by 60-minute iv infusion, day1), AMR (35-40 mg/m2 by bolus iv infusion, day1-3) and PTX (100-120mg/m2 by 60-minute iv infusion, day4). Three dose escalation levels were utilized by 3+3 patient-cohort scheme. Defined DLTs were grade4 neutropenia or thrombocytopenia for over 7 days, febrile neutropenia, grade 3 or 4 non-hematological toxicities, and treatment interval of more than 28 days. Results: Eleven ES-SCLC patients were enrolled. The only DLT observed was febrile neutropenia in a patient at the maximum dose level; all of the other patients were free from any DLTs. Thus the study failed to demonstrate MTD, however dose level 2 was considered as RD, because of shortest course interval. Conclusions: PlaTT-PAT with CDDP (40 mg/m2), TPT (1.2 mg/m2), AMR (40mg/m2) and PTX (100mg/m2) is safe and feasible alternating DDC for ES-SCLC, and warranted for further clinical investigation. Clinical trial information: UMIN000012270.
Efficacy of Mitoxantrone-Based Salvage Therapies in Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia in the Mayo Clinic Cancer Center: Analysis of Survival after CLAG-M Vs. MEC
Authors: Caleb J Scheckel, Megan Meyer, Lanyu Mi, James L. Slack, Pierre Noel, Jose F. Leis, Lisa Z. Sproat, James M. Foran, Aref Al-Kali, Rhett P. Ketterling, William J. Hogan, Mark R. Litzow, Jeanne Palmer
Journal: Blood (2018)
Cetuximab plus cisplatin in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Authors: ESMA Kerboua, Nawel Lagha, Ferdous Kara, Kamel Bouzid
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e17035 Background: To evaluate efficacy and toxicity of cetuximab plus cisplatin in recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after previous platinum based chemotherapy Methods: An open-label, single-arm in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor–expressing NPC who progressed on or within 12 months after termination of platinum-based chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic disease. Cetuximab was administered at an initial dose of 400 mg/m2 followed by every two weeks doses of 500 mg/m2 until progression. Cisplatin was administered every 3 weeks up to a maximum of 04 cycles. Results: Thirty five patients were enrolled (29 males, 6 females; median age, 30 years; range, 18 to 59 years), and all patients were included in the intent-to-treat and safety analyses. Of the 29 patients assessable for efficacy, there were six partial responses (20.6%), thirteen patients (44,8%) with stable disease, and eight patients (27.5%) with progressive disease, two patients with complete response (6.8%) for locoregional reccurence, giving an overall response rate of 72.2%. The time to progression is between 03 months to 16 months with a median at 7.5 months. The median overall survival time was 5.2 months (3-9months). Grade 3 cutaneous toxicities occurred in 2 patients. Conclusions: Cetuximab in combination with cisplatin demonstrates clinical activity and an acceptable safety profile in heavily pretreated patients with recurrent or metastatic NPC who had previously experienced treatment failure with platinum-based therapy.
Expansion of Islet-Resident Macrophages Leads to Inflammation Affecting β Cell Proliferation and Function in Obesity
Authors: Wei Ying, Yun Sok Lee, Yi Dong, Jason S. Seidman, Meixiang Yang, Roi Isaac, Jong Bae Seo, Bi-Huei Yang, Joshua Wollam, Matthew Riopel, Joanne McNelis, Christopher K. Glass, Jerrold M. Olefsky, Wenxian Fu
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2018)
Presentation Pattern, Diagnostic Markers, Management and Outcome of IgD Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Insija Ilyas Selene, Jemin Aby Jose, Muhammad Jahanzeb Khalil, Muhammad Junaid Tariq, Seren Durer, Ceren Durer, Madeeha Shafqat, Shehroz Aslam, Zunairah Shah, Anum Qureshi, Faiza Jamil, Mustafa Nadeem Malik, Abdul Rafae, Muhammad Masab, Faiz Anwer
Journal: Blood (2018)
Preclinical and early clinical activity of the oral selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) exportin 1 (XPO1) antagonist KPT-330 (Selinexor) in patients (pts) with platinum-resistant/refractory ovarian cancer (OvCa).
Authors: John Martignetti, Albiruni R.A. Razak, Ying Chen, Nashat Y. Gabrail, John F. Gerecitano, Catalina Camacho, Elena Pereira, Peter Remsen Dottino, Sharon Shacham, Dilara McCauley, Tami Rashal, Jean-Richard Saint-Martin, Eran Shacham, Darcy Vincett, Michael Kauffman, Mansoor Raza Mirza, Morten Sorensen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

5522 Background: Increased XPO1 expression has been linked to progression of OvCa and is an independent poor prognostic for survival. Most tumor suppressor proteins (TSP) are transported out of the nucleus exclusively by XPO1 and thereby rendered non-functional. KPT-330 is a slowly reversible inhibitor of XPO1, and forces the nuclear retention and activation of over 10 TSP resulting in OvCa cell death while sparing normal cells. Methods: SINE compounds were tested for their ability to localize OvCa-relevant TSP to the nucleus and induce apoptosis in platinum sensitive and resistant cell lines in vitro. Combination with cisplatin was assessed in vitro and in patient-derived xenograft models (30 mg/m2 po, 3 times/week). As part of an on-going Phase 1 (KCP-330-002) in pts with solid tumors, oral KPT-330 (8-10 doses/4-weeks cycle) was administered to pts with heavily pre-treated OvCa that were progressing on study entry. Pharmacokinetic (PK) analyses were performed. Response was evaluated every 2 cycles (RECIST 1.1). Results: SINE potently induced OvCa cell death in platinum sensitive and resistant cell lines (IC50s < 0.12 µM). Nuclear accumulation and functional activation of p53 and other TSP was demonstrated. Synergy between SINE and cisplatin was shown in vitro and in vivo in OvCa models with diverse genetic backgrounds, and increased overall survival. Seven OvCa pts resistant/refractory to platinums and other agents (median age 55 yrs; ECOG PS 0/1: 3/4; median number of prior therapies 5) were treated with 30-35 mg/m2 oral KPT-330 (300 mg/cycle or 280 mg/cycle). No grade 4 AEs were reported. The most common AEs were fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting; manageable with supportive care. PK analysis showed Cmax of 0.5-1 mM and AUC0-inf 2800-4000 ng*h/mL, which exceed levels in vitro and in animal models. RECIST response was evaluable in 5 pts: 1 PR (5 months), 2 SD (4 and 7+ months) and 2 PD. Conclusions: KPT-330 treatment is generally well tolerated and shows preliminary antitumor activity in pts with platinum resistant or refractory OvCa. Additional single agent and combination studies are planned. Clinical trial information: NCT01607905.
Abstract 19318: Prevalence of Undiagnosed Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia in a Large Population of Patients Referred for Cardiac Catheterization: A Missed Opportunity
Authors: Teminioluwa A Ajayi, Nishant K Sekaran, John Penn, John Overton, Aris Baras, Christopher B Newgard, William E Kraus, Lydia C Kwee, Svati H Shah
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (heFH) is a Mendelian disease caused by mutations in one of three genes encoding proteins (LDLR, APOB, PCSK9) that regulate LDL. Despite its...
Magnetite nanoparticles as possible stimulators of antitumor immune processes in experiment.
Authors: Galina Vitalyevna Zhukova, Lubov Haimovna Garcavi, Oleg Ivanovich Kit, Vladimir Alekseevich Zernov, Tatiana Nikolaevna Gudzkova, Tatiana Albertovna Barteneva, Marina Igorevna Bragina, Olga Fedorovna Eustratova, Anastasia Ivanovna Zhadobina, Inna Arnoldovna Novikova, Elena Alekseevna Shirnina, Oleg Eugenievich Polozhentsev
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e14015 Background: It is known that iron can influence the processes of proliferation and apoptosis, as well as the functional activity of the cells. Meanwhile, at the present time, ferrimagnetic nanoparticles (NPs) are used in antitumor treatment only as means for targeted drug delivery or as factors of magnetic fluid hyperthermia. Previously, antitumor activity of magnetite NPs themselves has been shown in experiments (Garkavi L.H. et al. Patent for an invention. RU 2474884, 2010). In general, the question about self-dependent antitumor activity of such NPs remains poorly understood. Aim of this study was to investigate the changes in experimental tumors in vivo under effective action of magnetite NPs. Methods: In experiments on white outbred male rats with transplanted tumors - sarcoma 45 (n = 75) and Pliss lymphosarcoma (n = 90) - magnetite NPs were used in the form of magnetic fluid (MF: 10 ± 2 nm, aqueous, stearic acid as the surfactant). Special antineoplastic agents were not applied. MF was injected in peritumoral area 5-6 times within 3 weeks. Tumor histological preparations were studied after hematoxylin-eosin, Brachet and Van Gison staining, and also transmission electron microscope and flow cytometry were used for analyzing of the changes in tumors and peritumoral area. Results: The maximum antitumor effect was expressed in tumor regression in 40 and 70% of cases (for Pliss lymphosarcoma and sarcoma 45 , respectively). In the case of Pliss lymphosarcoma, delayed effect and regression of large tumors (up to 30 cm3) were observed. In the peritumoral area considerable macrophage activity and increasing number of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes were noticed. The different types of tumor cell death have been described - apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy - as well as signs of increase of cell differentiation in sarcoma 45. There were no tumor cells in the area of tumor growth in previous period after complete regression of Pliss lymphosarcoma. The signs of active interaction of tumor cells and cells of the immune system involving macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils, mast cells - have been revealed. Conclusions: The results indicate the possibility of effective mobilization of antitumor immune mechanisms with the help of magnetite NPs.
Adolescents Who Self-Harm and Commit Violent Crime: Testing Early-Life Predictors of Dual Harm in a Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Leah S. Richmond-Rakerd, Avshalom Caspi, Louise Arseneault, Jessie R. Baldwin, Andrea Danese, Renate M. Houts, Timothy Matthews, Jasmin Wertz, Terrie E. Moffitt
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2019)

Self-harm is associated with violent offending. However, little is known about young people who engage in "dual-harm" behavior. The authors investigated antecedents, clinical features, and life characteristics distinguishing dual-harming adolescents from those who self-harm only.Participants were from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally representative U.K. cohort of 2,232 twins born in 1994 and 1995. Self-harm in adolescence was assessed through interviews at age 18. Violent offending was assessed using a computer questionnaire at age 18 and police records through age 22. Risk factors were assessed between ages 5 and 12. Adolescent mental health, victimization, personality functioning, and use of support services were measured at age 18.Self-harm was associated with violent crime (odds ratio=3.50, 95% CI=2.61-4.70), even after accounting for familial risk factors. Dual harmers had been victims of violence from childhood and exhibited lower childhood self-control and lower childhood IQ than self-only harmers. Dual harmers experienced higher rates of concurrent psychotic symptoms and substance dependence. They also exhibited distinct personality styles characterized by resistance to change and by emotional and interpersonal lability. However, dual harmers were not more likely than self-only harmers to have contact with mental health services.Dual harmers have self-control difficulties and are immersed in violence from a young age. A treatment- rather than punishment-oriented approach is indicated to meet these individuals' needs. Connecting self-harming adolescents with delinquency-reduction programs and transdiagnostic approaches that target self-regulation may reduce harmful behaviors. Preventing childhood maltreatment and implementing strategies to reduce victimization exposure could mitigate risk for both internalized and externalized violence.