tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
National, Regional, State, and Selected Local Area Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescents Aged 13–17 Years — United States, 2015
Authors: Sarah Reagan-Steiner, David Yankey, Jenny Jeyarajah, Laurie D. Elam-Evans, C. Robinette Curtis, Jessica MacNeil, Lauri E. Markowitz, James A. Singleton
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends that adolescents aged 11-12 years routinely receive vaccines to prevent diseases, including human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers, pertussis, and meningococcal disease (1). To assess vaccination coverage among adolescents in the United States, CDC analyzed data collected regarding 21,875 adolescents through the 2015 National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen).* During 2014-2015, coverage among adolescents aged 13-17 years increased for each HPV vaccine dose among males, including ≥1 HPV vaccine dose (from 41.7% to 49.8%), and increased modestly for ≥1 HPV vaccine dose among females (from 60.0% to 62.8%) and ≥1 quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) dose (from 79.3% to 81.3%). Coverage with ≥1 HPV vaccine dose was higher among adolescents living in households below the poverty level, compared with adolescents in households at or above the poverty level.(†) HPV vaccination coverage (≥1, ≥2, or ≥3 doses) increased in 28 states/local areas among males and in seven states among females. Despite limited progress, HPV vaccination coverage remained lower than MenACWY and tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) coverage, indicating continued missed opportunities for HPV-associated cancer prevention.
Efficacy of Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in First Complete Remission in Patients with Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma: A Multicenter Geltamo/FIL Study
Authors: Miriam López-Parra, Monica Bellei, Alessandro Rambaldi, Silvana Novelli, Carlos Panizo, Maurizio Martelli, Ivan Dlouhy, Mariana Bastos, Antonio Gutierrez, Juan Manuel Sancho, María José Ramírez Sánchez, José M Moraleda, Estrella Carrillo-Cruz, Ana Isabel Jiménez Ubieto, Isidro Jarque, Umberto Vitolo, Natalia de las Heras, Reyes Arranz, Javier Lopez Jimenez, Carlos Montalban, Maria Pascual, Paolo Corradini, Sabela Bobillo, Estefania García-Torres, Michele Spina, Giuseppe Rossi, Martina Manni, Dolores Caballero, Massimo Federico, Alejandro Martín
Journal: Blood (2017)
First-Line Treatment of Patients With Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma or Mantle-Cell Lymphoma With Bendamustine Plus Rituximab Versus R-CHOP or R-CVP: Results of the BRIGHT 5-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Ian W. Flinn, Richard van der Jagt, Brad Kahl, Peter Wood, Tim Hawkins, David MacDonald, David Simpson, Kathryn Kolibaba, Samar Issa, Julie Chang, Judith Trotman, Doreen Hallman, Ling Chen, John M. Burke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

The BRIGHT study ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00877006) was initiated to compare the efficacy and safety of bendamustine plus rituximab (BR) with either rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) or rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CVP) for treatment-naive patients with indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma or mantle-cell lymphoma. This publication provides long-term follow-up data.Patients were monitored for a minimum of 5 years after completion of study treatment for the time-to-event end points of progression-free survival (PFS), event-free survival, duration of response, and overall survival per investigator assessment. Data on the number of patients who received second-line anticancer treatment and the occurrence of other malignancies were also collected.The medians were not reached for any of the time-to event end points for either the BR or R-CHOP/R-CVP study treatment groups by study completion. PFS rates at 5 years were 65.5% in the BR treatment group and 55.8% in the R-CHOP/R-CVP group. The difference in PFS was considered significant with a hazard ratio of 0.61 (95% CI, 0.45 to 0.85; P = .0025). The hazard ratio for event-free survival and duration of response (P = .0020 and .0134, respectively) also favored the BR regimen over R-CHOP/R-CVP. However, no significant difference in overall survival was observed. The overall safety profiles of BR, R-CHOP, and R-CVP were as expected; no new safety data were collected during long-term follow-up. A higher number of secondary malignancies was noted in the BR treatment group.Overall, BR demonstrated better long-term disease control than R-CHOP/R-CVP and should be considered as a first-line treatment option for patients with indolent and mantle-cell lymphoma.
P149/O06 Higher expression of siglec-7/9 on granulocytes and monocytes has a protective role in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: F Andes, J Zapf, J Hahn, B Manger, G Schett, U Steffen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Career situation of first and presenting author</h3> Student for a master or a PhD. <h3>Introduction</h3> Prominent features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are pain, joint swelling and erosion induced by massive infiltration of immune cells into the inflamed tissue. Among these immune cells, granulocytes and monocytes play a crucial role. Both express sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) −7 and −9 (in mice Siglec-E), trans-membrane proteins generally transmitting inhibitory signals through immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs in their cytoplasmic tails. So far, there has been only limited research on the effects of Siglecs in RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the potential role of Siglec 7- and −9 during disease progression in RA by comparing the expression on blood leukocytes with disease activity in RA patients. Additionally we monitored Siglec-E knockout mice in an experimental arthritis model. <h3>Methods</h3> Blood samples from 45 healthy donors (HD) and 37 RA patients were analyzed by flow cytometry for Siglec-7 and −9 expressions on NK cells (CD14+/CD56+/CD3-), granulocytes (CD16+/CD19-) and monocytes (CD14+/CD16-). Expression was correlated with autoantibody positivity and disease severity. Siglec-E knockout mice and wildtype controls were used in a serum transfer induced arthritis model and disease manifestation was monitored by measurement of paw swelling. Additionally we performed functional <i>ex vivo</i> assays to study Siglec impact on granulocytes and monocytes. <h3>Results</h3> There was a diminished Siglec-7/9 expression on NK cells from RA patients, especially in highly CCP positive patients (&gt;500 U/ml), while no differences were observed in neutrophils and monocytes compared to healthy controls. Interestingly we observed a correlation between a higher DAS28 score and lower Siglec-9 expression levels on granulocytes in seropositive patients. Siglec-E knockout mice displayed higher disease scores and paw swelling in serum transfer induced arthritis, especially at the peak and the resolution phase. Functional studies unraveled that granulocytes are in a more active state if Siglec-7 and −9 are missing. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Together our data support that Siglec-7/9 expression negatively correlates with pathogenesis and disease manifestation in RA patients. We showed <i>in vivo</i> and <i>ex vivo</i>, that Siglecs possess an important role concerning granulocyte and monocyte function and are capable of dampening immune response. Due to their inhibitory potential, Siglecs should be considered as potential therapeutic starting point in future studies. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This work was supported by DFG (HA 8163/1–1) and STAEDTLER Stiftung (WW/eh20/17). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared.
VX-659–Tezacaftor–Ivacaftor in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis and One or Two Phe508del Alleles
Authors: Jane C. Davies, Samuel M. Moskowitz, Cynthia Brown, Alexander Horsley, Marcus A. Mall, Edward F. McKone, Barry J. Plant, Dario Prais, Bonnie W. Ramsey, Jennifer L. Taylor-Cousar, Elizabeth Tullis, Ahmet Uluer, Charlotte M. McKee, Sarah Robertson, Rebecca A. Shilling, Christopher Simard, Fredrick Van Goor, David Waltz, Fengjuan Xuan, Tim Young, Steven M. Rowe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

The next-generation cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) corrector VX-659, in triple combination with tezacaftor and ivacaftor (VX-659–tezacaftor–ivacaftor), was developed to restore the function of Phe508del CFTR protein in patients with cystic fibrosis.
Spatiotemporal Variations in Ambient Ultrafine Particles and the Incidence of Childhood Asthma
Authors: Eric Lavigne, Jessy Donelle, Marianne Hatzopoulou, Keith Van Ryswyk, Aaron van Donkelaar, Randall V. Martin, Hong Chen, David M. Stieb, Antonio Gasparrini, Eric Crighton, Abdool S. Yasseen, Richard T. Burnett, Mark Walker, Scott Weichenthal
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2019)

Rationale: Little is known regarding the impact of ambient ultrafine particles (UFPs; <0.1 μm) on childhood asthma development. Objectives: To examine the association between prenatal and early postnatal life exposure to UFPs and development of childhood asthma. Methods: A total of 160,641 singleton live births occurring in the City of Toronto, Canada between April 1, 2006, and March 31, 2012, were identified from a birth registry. Associations between exposure to ambient air pollutants and childhood asthma incidence (up to age 6) were estimated using random effects Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for personal- and neighborhood-level covariates. We investigated both single-pollutant and multipollutant models accounting for coexposures to particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and NO2. Measurements and Main Results: We identified 27,062 children with incident asthma diagnosis during the follow-up. In adjusted models, second-trimester exposure to UFPs (hazard ratio per interquartile range increase, 1.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.12) was associated with asthma incidence. In models additionally adjusted for PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide, UFPs exposure during the second trimester of pregnancy remained positively associated with childhood asthma incidence (hazard ratio per interquartile range increase, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.09). Conclusions: This is the first study to evaluate the association between perinatal exposure to UFPs and the incidence of childhood asthma. Exposure to UFPs during a critical period of lung development was linked to the onset of asthma in children, independent of PM2.5 and NO2.
Low Incidence of Hospital-Onset <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Infection in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Jibran Ahmed, Arun Kumar, Firas Jafri, Saleha Batool, Bettina Knoll, Seah H Lim
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

tored the patient for resolution of these symptoms.Testosterone therapy was then initiated as planned.The patient and his parents were satisfied with the process and outcome, although the prognosis regarding his fertility was guarded given the small number of oocytes that were cryopreserved.This case stresses the importance of education regarding preservation of fertility in transgender youth.This involves a thorough discussion of the risks and benefits of discontinuation of GnRH agonists as well as counseling regarding potential adverse effects.
World Health Organization‐defined eosinophilic disorders: 2011 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management
Authors: Jason Gotlib
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Abstract Disease overview: The eosinophilias encompass a broad range of non‐hematologic (secondary or reactive) and hematologic (primary, clonal) disorders with potential for end‐organ damage. Diagnosis: Hypereosinophilia has generally been defined as a peripheral blood eosinophil count greater than 1,500/mm 3 and may be associated with tissue damage. After exclusion of secondary causes of eosinophilia, diagnostic evaluation of primary eosinophilias relies on a combination of morphologic review of the blood and marrow, standard cytogenetics, fluorescent in situ ‐hybridization, flow immunocytometry, and T‐cell clonality assessment to detect histopathologic or clonal evidence for an acute or chronic myeloid or lymphoproliferative disorder. Risk stratification: Disease prognosis relies on identifying the subtype of eosinophilia. After evaluation of secondary causes of eosinophilia, the 2008 World Health Organization establishes a semi‐molecular classification scheme of disease subtypes including myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and abnormalities of PDGFRA , PDGFRB , or FGFR1 , chronic eosinophilic leukemia, not otherwise specified (CEL, NOS), lymphocyte‐variant hypereosinophilia, and idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), which is a diagnosis of exclusion. Risk‐adapted therapy: The goal of therapy is to mitigate eosinophil‐mediated organ damage. For patients with milder forms of eosinophilia (e.g. &lt; 1,500/mm 3 ) without symptoms or signs of organ involvement, a watch and wait approach with close‐follow‐up may be undertaken. Identification of rearranged PDGFRA or PDGFRB is critical because of the exquisite responsiveness of these diseases to imatinib. Corticosteroids are first‐line therapy for patients with lymphocyte‐variant hypereosinophilia and HES. Hydroxyurea and interferon‐alpha have demonstrated efficacy as initial treatment and steroid‐refractory cases of HES. In addition to hydroxyurea, second line cytotoxic chemotherapy agents and hematopoietic cell transplant have been used for aggressive forms of HES and CEL with outcomes reported for limited numbers of patients. Although clinical trials have been performed with anti IL‐5 (mepolizumab) and anti‐CD52 (alemtuzumab) antibodies, their therapeutic niche in primary eosinophilic diseases and HES have yet to be established. Am. J. Hematol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kinsenoside attenuates osteoarthritis by repolarizing macrophages through inactivating NF-κB/MAPK signaling and protecting chondrocytes
Authors: Feng Zhou, Jingtian Mei, Xiuguo Han, Hanjun Li, Shengbing Yang, Minqi Wang, Linyang Chu, Han Qiao, Tingting Tang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2019)

The objective was to investigate the effect of kinsenoside (Kin) treatments on macrophage polarity and evaluate the resulting protection of chondrocytes to attenuate osteoarthritis (OA) progression. RAW264.7 macrophages were polarized to M1/M2 subtypes then administered with different concentrations of Kin. The polarization transitions were evaluated with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), confocal observation and flow cytometry analysis. The mechanism of Kin repolarizing M1 macrophages was evaluated by Western blot. Further, macrophage conditioned medium (CM) and IL-1β were administered to chondrocytes. Micro-CT scanning and histological observations were conducted in vivo on anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) mice with or without Kin treatment. We found that Kin repolarized M1 macrophages to the M2 phenotype. Mechanistically, Kin inhibited the phosphorylation of IκBα, which further reduced the downstream phosphorylation of P65 in nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. Moreover, Kin inhibited mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling molecules p-JNK, p-ERK and p-P38. Additionally, Kin attenuated macrophage CM and IL-1β-induced chondrocyte damage. In vivo, Kin reduced the infiltration of M1 macrophages, promoted M2 macrophages in the synovium, inhibited subchondral bone destruction and reduced articular cartilage damage induced by ACLT. All the results indicated that Kin is an effective therapeutic candidate for OA treatment.
Colorectal Cancer Awareness Issue 2019
Authors: Peter Siersema
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Awareness of the importance of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is increasing worldwide. In Europe, population-based CRC screening programs are underway in 15 of 28 countries [1]. While this proportion may appear disappointing, it is a significant improvement from 2007 when only five countries were implementing programs [2]. The US shows a similar picture, with 63 % of adults between the ages of 50 and 75 receiving CRC screening based on recent guidelines; the aim is to increase participation to over 70 % in 2020 [2].
Pooled Analysis of Safety Data from Clinical Trials Evaluating Acalabrutinib Monotherapy in Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: John C. Byrd, Roger Owen, Susan M. O'Brien, Jennifer R. Brown, Peter Hillmen, Bojena Bitman, Nataliya Chernyukhin, Ahmed Hamdy, Raquel Izumi, Priti Patel, Liat Schwartz-Sagi, Edwin Tucker, Nathan H. Fowler, Matthew J. Streetly, Adrian Wiestner, Simon Rule, Michael Wang
Journal: Blood (2017)
Analysis of Mucosal Melanoma Whole-Genome Landscapes Reveals Clinically Relevant Genomic Aberrations
Authors: Rong Zhou, Chaoji Shi, Wenjie Tao, Jiang Li, Jing Wu, Yong Han, Guizhu Yang, Ziyue Gu, Shengming Xu, Yujue Wang, Lizhen Wang, Yanan Wang, Guoyu Zhou, Chenping Zhang, Zhiyuan Zhang, Shuyang Sun
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Unlike advances in the genomics-driven precision treatment of cutaneous melanomas, the current poor understanding of the molecular basis of mucosal melanomas (MM) has hindered such progress for MM patients. Thus, we sought to characterize the genomic landscape of MM to identify genomic alterations with prognostic and/or therapeutic implications.Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on 65 MM samples, including 63 paired tumor blood samples and 2 matched lymph node metastases, with a further droplet digital PCR-based validation study of an independent MM cohort (n = 80). Guided by these molecular insights, the FDA-approved CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib was tested in an MM patient-derived xenograft (PDX) trial.Besides the identification of well-recognized driver mutations of BRAF (3.1%), RAS family (6.2%), NF1 (7.8%), and KIT (23.1%) in MMs, our study also found that (i) mutations and amplifications in the transmembrane nucleoporin gene POM121 (30.8%) defined a patient subgroup with higher tumor proliferation rates; (ii) enrichment of structural variations between chromosomes 5 and 12 defined a patient subgroup with significantly worse clinical outcomes; (iii) over 50% of the MM patients harbored recurrent focal amplification of several oncogenes (CDK4, MDM2, and AGAP2) at 12q13-15, and this co-occurred significantly with amplification of TERT at 5p15, which was verified in the validation cohort; (iv) the PDX trial demonstrated robust antitumor effects of palbociclib in MMs harboring CDK4 amplification.Our largest-to-date cohort WGS analysis of MMs defines the genomic landscape of this deadly cancer at unprecedented resolution and identifies genomic aberrations that could facilitate the delivery of precision cancer treatments.See related commentary by Shoushtari, p. 3473.
Phase IB/II Randomized Study of FOLFIRINOX Plus Pegylated Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase Versus FOLFIRINOX Alone in Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: SWOG S1313
Authors: Ramesh K. Ramanathan, Shannon L. McDonough, Philip A. Philip, Sunil R. Hingorani, Jill Lacy, Jeremy S. Kortmansky, Jaykumar Thumar, E. Gabriela Chiorean, Anthony F. Shields, Deepti Behl, Paul T. Mehan, Rakesh Gaur, Tara Seery, Katherine A. Guthrie, Howard S. Hochster
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

Pegylated recombinant human hyaluronidase (PEGPH20) degrades hyaluronan (HA) and, in combination with chemotherapy, prolongs survival in preclinical models. The activity of PEGPH20 with modified fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFIRINOX) was evaluated in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC).
Travel associated legionnaires’ disease in Europe in 1999
Authors: F Lever, C A Joseph
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2001)

The European Surveillance Scheme for Travel Associated Legionnaires' Disease was notified of the highest number of cases in travellers in 1999 since the scheme began in 1987. This reflects enhanced surveillance activities and an increase in the use of urinary antigen detection for Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. The scheme's extensive reporting and investigation activities are complemented in some countries by the activities of tour operators, who have been legally responsible for the health and safety of their clients since the 1996 European Commission's Package Travel Directive came into force. In recent years, the work conducted by the collaborators has helped establish good surveillance and control in sites used by travellers.
Pharmacoproteomics Identifies PLK1 As Vulnerability for Aggressive B-Cell Lymphomas
Authors: Yuan Ren, Chengfeng Bi, Xiaohong Zhao, Tint Lwin, Wang Cheng, Ji Yuan, Ariosto Siqueira Silva, Bijal D. Shah, Bin Fang, Tao Li, John M. Koomen, Huijuan Jiang, Julio C. Chavez, Lan V. Pham, Praneeth Reddy Sudalagunta, Lixin Wan, Xuefeng Wang, William S. Dalton, Lynn C. Moscinski, Kenneth H. Shain, Julie M. Vose, John Cleveland, Eduardo Sotomayor, Kai Fu, Jianguo Tao
Journal: Blood (2018)
Health-Related Quality of Life in Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM) and IgM Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undeterminated Significance (IgM-MGUS)
Authors: Anna Maria Frustaci, Michele Nichelatti, Marina Deodato, Maddalena Mazzucchelli, Marco Montillo, Roberto Cairoli, Alessandra Tedeschi
Journal: Blood (2018)
Endoscopic partial reversal of complicated single anastomosis gastric bypass
Authors: Jasmine Hui Er Chang, Damien Meng Yew Tan, Weng Hoong Chan, Alvin Kim Hock Eng, Eugene Kee Wee, Jeremy Tian Hui Tan, Chin Hong Lim
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Prior to the widespread use of therapeutic endoscopy, surgery was the only way to achieve restoration of normal bowel continuity after resection and bypass of a diseased or obstructed gastrointestinal tract. However, with the advancement of endoscopic skills and devices, endoscopic approaches now provide possible alternatives [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. This procedure is particularly useful for patients with hostile abdomen and high operative risk.
Review of US Medical School Finances, 1994-1995
Authors: J Y Krakower, J L Ganem, P Jolly
Journal: JAMA (1996)

THIS ANNUAL financial review of all 125 fully accredited US medical schools reports revenues for fiscal year 1994-1995 and identifies patterns in the financing of medical education during the past 3 years. We chose 1992-1993 as the base year to show more recent patterns in medical school financing amid the current economic climate. In addition, the review highlights trends in medical service and differences in the funding of public and private medical schools for fiscal year 1994-1995. <h3>DATA SOURCES AND CHARACTERISTICS</h3> For the 1994-1995 fiscal year, all 125 accredited US medical schools responded to the Annual Medical School Questionnaire of the Liaison Committee on Medical Education. Part I-A of this survey is an annual financial questionnaire (AFQ) that is the basis for analysis of medical school financing; Part II includes student counts, faculty counts, and many other data describing medical education. This analysis used data derived from both parts of