tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Consumerism and Innovation in Pediatric Primary Care—Reply
Authors: Alexander G. Fiks, Robert Friesen, Lisa Biggs
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Efficacy and Safety of Daratumumab, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone (D-Vd) Versus Bortezomib and Dexamethasone (Vd) in First Relapse Patients: Two-Year Update of Castor
Authors: Maria-Victoria Mateos, Pieter Sonneveld, Vania T. M. Hungria, Ajay K Nooka, Jane Estell, Wolney G Barreto, Paolo Corradini, Chang-Ki Min, Eva Medvedova, Katja Weisel, Christopher Chiu, Jordan M. Schecter, Himal Amin, Xiang Qin, Ming Qi, Andrew Spencer
Journal: Blood (2018)
The added value of comorbidities in predicting survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a multicentre observational study
Authors: Sebastiano Emanuele Torrisi, Brett Ley, Michael Kreuter, Marlies Wijsenbeek, Eric Vittinghoff, Harold R. Collard, Carlo Vancheri
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

The gender-age-physiology (GAP) model was developed to predict the risk of death. Comorbidities are common in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and may impact on survival. We evaluated the ability of comorbidities to improve prediction of survival in IPF patients beyond the variables included in the GAP model.We developed a prediction model named TORVAN using data from two independent cohorts. Continuous and point-score prediction models were developed with estimation of full and sparse versions of both. Model discrimination was assessed using the C-index and calibrated by comparing predicted and observed cumulative mortality at 1-5 years.Discrimination was similar for the sparse continuous model in the derivation and validation cohorts (C-index 71.0 versus 70.0, respectively), and significantly improved the performance of the GAP model in the validation cohort (increase in C-index of 3.8, p=0.001). In contrast, the sparse point-score model did not perform as well in the validation cohort (C-index 72.5 in the derivation cohort versus 68.1 in the validation cohort), but still significantly improved upon the performance of the GAP model (C-index increased by 2.5, p=0.037).The inclusion of comorbidities in TORVAN models significantly improved the discriminative performance in prediction of risk of death compared to GAP.
Abstract P022: The Association of Sleep Apnea With Atrial Fibrillation and Ectopy Using Ambulatory Electrocardiogram in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Kapuaola S Gellert, Alvaro Alonso, Lin Y Chen, Michelle L Meyer, Elsayed Z Soliman, Takeki Suzuki, Laura Loehr
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Sleep apnea (SA) is associated with burden of atrial fibrillation (AF), but studies of SA and ectopic beats, potential triggers of AF, are sparse. Our study contributes by examining the association of SA with AF, premature atrial contractions (PACs), and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) from 48-hour continuous ambulatory electrocardiogram (aECG) monitoring. Methods: The study population includes 716 black and 438 white participants from the ARIC 48-hour aECG ancillary study, after excluding those with a paced rhythm (n=43) or poor quality measures (n=8). SA was defined as self-reported physician diagnosis or hospital discharge records with ICD-9-CM codes for SA. Prevalent AF was defined using 48-hour aECG monitoring, study visit ECGs, or hospital discharge code (427.3) since study baseline in 1986-1987. PACs and PVCs were defined if ectopy was present 1-5% (occasional) and &gt;5% (frequent) of the recording time versus &lt;1% of the recording time (referent). Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine this association with inverse variance weighting to account for the sampling and non-response. Results: Participants with SA (unweighted N=217) were more likely to be female (55%), white race (52%), current smokers (57%), have hypertension (82%), and be obese (57%). Participants with SA were 7.3 (95% CI: 3.7, 14.5) times more likely to have AF compared to those without SA after adjusting for covariates. Compared to participants without SA, the relative odds of occasional and frequent PACs versus the referent was increased by 20% and 50% respectively among participants with SA after adjusting for confounders, although not statistically significant. The association was similar and not statistically significant for frequent PVCs. Conclusions: In a community-based population using standardized 48-hour aECG monitoring, SA was associated with prevalent AF, but not significantly associated with PACs or PVCs. Further study is needed to establish mechanisms that link SA and cardiac arrhythmias.
X-Ray Image Intensifier
Journal: BMJ (1954)

최근 전자 산업의 발달로 전자부품이라든지 시스템의 신뢰성 확보를 위하여 많은 검사 시스템이 연구 개발되고 있는데, 특히 X-Ray 시스템은 인간의 시각이 미치지 못하는 물체의 내부 형상 검사가 가능하므로 연구가 활발히 진행중이다. 본 논문에서는 X-Ray 검사 시스템에서 X-Ray를 물체에 투과시켜 Image Intensifier에서 영상 이미지를 받을 때 입력 평면이 구면인 관계로 이미지의 왜곡이 발생하게 되는데, 이 왜곡을 보정하기 위하여 영상증배관의 구조를 수식적으로 모델링하고 관계식을 정리하여 실제 시스템에서 왜곡된 영상이 보정되는 것을 보임으로써 실제 산업 현장에서 보다 정확하고 안정적인 검사 시스템을 개발하는데 근간이 될 수 있도록 한다.
Use of aspirin, other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acetaminophen and risk of endometrial cancer: the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium
Authors: P.M. Webb, R. Na, E. Weiderpass, H.O. Adami, K.E. Anderson, K.A. Bertrand, E. Botteri, T.M. Brasky, L.A. Brinton, C. Chen, J.A. Doherty, L. Lu, S.E. McCann, K.B. Moysich, S. Olson, S. Petruzella, J.R. Palmer, A.E. Prizment, C. Schairer, V.W. Setiawan, A.B. Spurdle, B. Trabert, N. Wentzensen, L. Wilkens, H.P. Yang, H. Yu, H.A. Risch, S.J. Jordan
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)

Regular use of aspirin has been associated with a reduced risk of cancer at several sites but the data for endometrial cancer are conflicting. Evidence regarding use of other analgesics is limited.
SMAD4 Loss in Colorectal Cancer Patients Correlates with Recurrence, Loss of Immune Infiltrate, and Chemoresistance
Authors: Isaac Wasserman, Lik Hang Lee, Shuji Ogino, Michael R. Marco, Chao Wu, Xi Chen, Jashodeep Datta, Eran Sadot, Bryan Szeglin, Jose G. Guillem, Philip B. Paty, Martin R. Weiser, Garrett M. Nash, Leonard Saltz, Afsar Barlas, Katia Manova-Todorova, Srijaya Prakash Babu Uppada, Arthur E. Elghouayel, Peter Ntiamoah, Jonathan N. Glickman, Tsuyoshi Hamada, Keisuke Kosumi, Kentaro Inamura, Andrew T. Chan, Reiko Nishihara, Andrea Cercek, Karuna Ganesh, Nancy E. Kemeny, Punita Dhawan, Rona Yaeger, Charles L. Sawyers, Julio Garcia-Aguilar, Marios Giannakis, Jinru Shia, J. Joshua Smith
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Purpose: SMAD4 has shown promise in identifying patients with colorectal cancer at high risk of recurrence or death. Experimental Design: A discovery cohort and independent validation cohort were classified by SMAD4 status. SMAD4 status and immune infiltrate measurements were tested for association with recurrence-free survival (RFS). Patient-derived xenografts from SMAD4-deficient and SMAD4-retained tumors were used to examine chemoresistance. Results: The discovery cohort consisted of 364 patients with stage I–IV colorectal cancer. Median age at diagnosis was 53 years. The cohort consisted of 61% left-sided tumors and 62% stage II/III patients. Median follow-up was 5.4 years (interquartile range, 2.3–8.2). SMAD4 loss, noted in 13% of tumors, was associated with higher tumor and nodal stage, adjuvant therapy use, fewer tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), and lower peritumoral lymphocyte aggregate (PLA) scores (all P &amp;lt; 0.04). SMAD4 loss was associated with worse RFS (P = 0.02). When stratified by SMAD4 and immune infiltrate status, patients with SMAD4 loss and low TIL or PLA had worse RFS (P = 0.002 and P = 0.006, respectively). Among patients receiving 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based systemic chemotherapy, those with SMAD4 loss had a median RFS of 3.8 years compared with 13 years for patients with SMAD4 retained. In xenografted mice, the SMAD4-lost tumors displayed resistance to 5-FU. An independent cohort replicated our findings, in particular, the association of SMAD4 loss with decreased immune infiltrate, as well as worse disease-specific survival. Conclusions: Our data show SMAD4 loss correlates with worse clinical outcome, resistance to chemotherapy, and decreased immune infiltrate, supporting its use as a prognostic marker in patients with colorectal cancer.
Diagnosis of thyroid cancer using deep convolutional neural network models applied to sonographic images: a retrospective, multicohort, diagnostic study
Authors: Xiangchun Li, Sheng Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Xi Wei, Yi Pan, Jing Zhao, Xiaojie Xin, Chunxin Qin, Xiaoqing Wang, Jianxin Li, Fan Yang, Yanhui Zhao, Meng Yang, Qinghua Wang, Zhiming Zheng, Xiangqian Zheng, Xiangming Yang, Christopher T Whitlow, Metin Nafi Gurcan, Lun Zhang, Xudong Wang, Boris C Pasche, Ming Gao, Wei Zhang, Kexin Chen
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2018)
Alteration of tumor suppressor BMP5 in sporadic colorectal cancer: a genomic and transcriptomic profiling based study
Authors: Erfei Chen, Fangfang Yang, Hongjuan He, Qiqi Li, Wei Zhang, Jinliang Xing, Ziqing Zhu, Jingjing Jiang, Hua Wang, Xiaojuan Zhao, Ruitao Liu, Lei Lei, Jing Dong, Yuchen Pei, Ying Yang, Junqiang Pan, Pan Zhang, Shuzhen Liu, Le Du, Yuan Zeng, Jin Yang
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2018)

Although the genetic spectrum of human colorectal cancer (CRC) is mainly characterized by APC, KRAS and TP53 mutations, driver genes in tumor initiation have not been conclusively demonstrated. In this study, we aimed to identify novel markers for CRC. We performed exome analysis of sporadic colorectal cancer (sCRC) coding regions to screen loss of function (LoF) mutation genes, and carried out systems-level approaches to confirm top rank gene in this study. We identified loss of BMP5 is an early event in CRC. Deep sequencing identified BMP5 was mutated in 7.7% (8/104) of sCRC samples, with 37.5% truncating mutation frequency. Notably, BMP5 negative expression and its prognostic value is uniquely significant in sCRC but not in other tumor types. Furthermore, BMP5 expression was positively correlated with E-cadherin in CRC patients and its dysregulation play a vital role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thus triggering tumor initiation and development. RNA sequencing identified, independent of BMP/Smads pathway, BMP5 signaled though Jak-Stat pathways to inhibit the activation of oncogene EPSTI1. Our result support a novel concept that the importance of BMP5 in sCRC. The tumor suppressor role of BMP5 highlights its crucial role in CRC initiation and development.
Abstract 14322: Improvement of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Number and Function in Obesity and Diabetes With Thymosin Beta-4
Authors: Poay Sian Sabrina Lee, Lei Ye, Tiong Cheng Yeo, Arthur Mark Richards, Kian Keong Poh
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Diabetes mellitus and obesity are cardiovascular risk factors which are associated with endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. As mature endothelial cells have limited regenerativ...
Abstract 16362: Adenosine Deaminase 2 Inhibits Adenosine-Driven Neutrophil Activation in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Danielle van Keulen, Silvia Aldi, Gregory R Hamm, Rima Ait-Belkacem, Jonathan Stauber, Kim Holmstrøm, Boye S Nielsen, Eva Hurt-Camejo, Jan N Lindeman, Hans M Princen, Gerard Pasterkamp, Ulf Hedin, Alain J van Gool, Dennie Tempel
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: In recent years, many studies have implicated activation of neutrophils in the process of atherosclerosis. Neutrophils can be activated by adenosine which is commonly found in atheros...
Genome-wide meta-analysis reveals shared new <i>loci</i> in systemic seropositive rheumatic diseases
Authors: Marialbert Acosta-Herrera, Martin Kerick, David González-Serna, Cisca Wijmenga, Andre Franke, Peter K Gregersen, Leonid Padyukov, Jane Worthington, Timothy James Vyse, Marta Eugenia Alarcón-Riquelme, Maureen D Mayes, Javier Martin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are heterogeneous and complex conditions with overlapping clinical symptoms and elevated familial aggregation, which suggests the existence of a shared genetic component. In order to identify this genetic background in a systematic fashion, we performed the first cross-disease genome-wide meta-analysis in systemic seropositive rheumatic diseases, namely, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.We meta-analysed ~6.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms in 11 678 cases and 19 704 non-affected controls of European descent populations. The functional roles of the associated variants were interrogated using publicly available databases.Our analysis revealed five shared genome-wide significant independent loci that had not been previously associated with these diseases: NAB1, KPNA4-ARL14, DGQK, LIMK1 and PRR12. All of these loci are related with immune processes such as interferon and epidermal growth factor signalling, response to methotrexate, cytoskeleton dynamics and coagulation cascade. Remarkably, several of the associated loci are known key players in autoimmunity, which supports the validity of our results. All the associated variants showed significant functional enrichment in DNase hypersensitivity sites, chromatin states and histone marks in relevant immune cells, including shared expression quantitative trait loci. Additionally, our results were significantly enriched in drugs that are being tested for the treatment of the diseases under study.We have identified shared new risk loci with functional value across diseases and pinpoint new potential candidate loci that could be further investigated. Our results highlight the potential of drug repositioning among related systemic seropositive rheumatic IMIDs.
Abstract MP23: Carbohydrate Quality and Quantity and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Among US Women
Authors: Hala B AlEssa, Randy Cohen, Sally N Adebamowo, Vasanti S Malik, Eric B Rimm, JoAnn E Manson, Walter C Willett, Frank B Hu
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Poor carbohydrate quality has been associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), however the association between the novel carbohydrate to fiber ratio and CHD is unknown. Objective: To prospectively examine the relationship between various carbohydrate quality measures, including the carbohydrate to fiber ratios, and incident CHD in US women. Methods: Dietary and lifestyle behavior data were prospectively collected (1984-2012) in 71,639 women of the Nurses’ Health Study at baseline and every 2-4 years. Participants were free of diabetes, cancer or cardiovascular disease at baseline. Cox regression was used to assess the relationship between carbohydrate quality measures and incident CHD. Results: After 24 years (1,905,240 person-years) of follow-up, we identified 3,267 cases of incident CHD. After adjusting for age, BMI, lifestyle and dietary variables, carbohydrate (RR=1.01, 95% CI: 0.89-1.14, P-trend=0.76), starch (RR=1.11, 95% CI: 0.97 - 1.27, P-trend=0.13) and total fiber intake (RR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.77 - 1.01, P-trend=0.23) were not associated with incident CHD, comparing extreme quintiles of intake. Cereal fiber intake was associated with reduced risk of CHD (RR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.67 - 0.85, P-trend &lt; 0.0001), comparing extreme quintiles of intake, but fruit and vegetable fiber were not associated with incident CHD. In fully adjusted models, the carbohydrate to total fiber (RR=1.08, 95%CI: 0.96 - 1.22, P-trend=0.27) and the starch to total fiber ratios (RR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.84 - 1.08, P-trend=0.80) were not associated with incident CHD, but the carbohydrate to cereal fiber and the starch to cereal fiber ratios were associated with increased risk of CHD (RR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.06 -1.33, P-trend=0.002, and RR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.09-1.39, P-trend &lt;0.0001, respectively), comparing extreme quintiles of intake. Conclusion: Dietary cereal fiber appears to be an important component of carbohydrate quality. The carbohydrate to cereal fiber and the starch to cereal fiber ratios, but not the carbohydrate to total fiber ratio, were associated with an increased risk of CHD.
Abstract P208: Validation of a New Cardiovascular Risk Model: Performance of a Neural Network and the ACC/AHA Pooled Cohort Equations Across Four Diverse US Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Stan Biryukov, Ashkan Afshin
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association developed Pooled Cohort equations to predict the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, validation studies have shown that these equations may overestimate risk in more heterogeneous populations. Moreover, the equations do not fully consider lifestyle behaviors. Objective: To build a more accurate prediction model for ASCVD using a more holistic set of predictors by applying machine learning techniques that leverage the natural multi-dimensionality of risk factors across diverse cohorts. Methods: We pooled measured metabolic indicators including total triglycerides, high- and low-density lipoprotein, C-reactive protein, plasma glucose level, systolic blood pressure, height and weight, dietary consumption data, and other established behavioral risk factors from a total of 4 cohort studies: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, Cardiovascular Health Study, Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort, and Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Individuals with an ASCVD at baseline measurement, as well as those with missing covariates were excluded. Outcomes were defined as an ASVCD event within ten years of study inception. We built and trained a neural network model and evaluated out of sample performance by age, gender, and race. We considered feature interactions and performed hyperparameter tuning using grid search with cross-validation. Results: Our pooled dataset contained over 26,000 individuals with 4,066 events (15.4%), over an average follow-up time of 16.2 years. Our final risk model outperformed the pooled cohort equations across all demographic subgroups. Predicted incidence of ASCVD showed good discrimination and calibration with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.75 for females and 0.74 for males. Conclusion: Our risk model demonstrates improved accuracy on held-out validation data over the ASCVD set of equations. By taking into account more proximal and modifiable risk factors, this model helps identify high-risk individuals with greater precision and inform CVD prevention efforts.
How Routinely Collected Data for Randomized Trials Provide Long-term Randomized Real-World Evidence
Authors: Lars G. Hemkens
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2018)

Tiffany Fitzpatrick, MPH; Laure Perrier, PhD, MLIS, MEd; Sharara Shakik, MPH; Zoe Cairncross, MPH; Andrea C. Tricco, PhD, MSc; Lisa Lix, PhD, PStat, MSc; Merrick Zwarenstein, MB Bch, PhD; Laura Rosella, PhD, MHSc; David Henry, MB, ChB, FRCP (Edin)
Results of the Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Hercules Study of Caplacizumab in Patients with Acquired Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Marie Scully, Spero R Cataland, Flora Peyvandi, Paul Coppo, Paul Knöbl, Johanna A. Kremer Hovinga, Ara Metjian, Javier de la Rubia, Katerina Pavenski, Filip Callewaert, Debjit Biswas, Hilde De Winter, Robert K. Zeldin
Journal: Blood (2017)
PfVPS45 Is Required for Host Cell Cytosol Uptake by Malaria Blood Stage Parasites
Authors: Ernst Jonscher, Sven Flemming, Marius Schmitt, Ricarda Sabitzki, Nick Reichard, Jakob Birnbaum, Bärbel Bergmann, Katharina Höhn, Tobias Spielmann
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2018)
Defining rights-based indicators for HIV epidemic transition
Authors: Joseph J. Amon, Patrick Eba, Laurel Sprague, Olive Edwards, Chris Beyrer
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2018)

In 1971, Omran described a sweeping theory of epidemic transition: as countries become wealthier, modernization and socioeconomic progress drive down high rates of mortality due to infectious diseases while noncommunicable disease (NCD) burdens increase [1].Although the theory was initially met with support, the spread of HIV in high-income countries and the growing burden of NCDs in low-and middle-income countries, along with the recognition of health inequities in both settings, raised doubts about the validity of a single, generalizable theory of epidemic transition. Summary points• Stark differences in HIV incidence and mortality across locations and populations demonstrate the challenge of identifying a single indicator, at national scale, of progress toward the control of HIV epidemics.• Even in countries that report decreases in HIV incidence, incidence may be increasing among groups that are particularly vulnerable and face political and social exclusion, especially sex workers, people who inject drugs, transgender persons, men who have sex with men, and prisoners.• To comprehensively evaluate national progress on HIV, five categories of indicators should be examined that address: levels of coverage of key evidence-based prevention and treatment interventions; incidence and prevalence of HIV infection; AIDS-related or all-cause mortality among people living with HIV; stigma and discrimination; and the legal and policy environment.• Indicators should be disaggregated, whenever feasible, to fully reflect progress and challenges relating to all populations and locations in the national response.• The process of evaluating indicators of national progress should meaningfully involve people living with HIV and from key populations as an important part of data validation.