tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rapid and visual detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) by a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay
Authors: C. Yan, J. Cui, L. Huang, B. Du, L. Chen, G. Xue, S. Li, W. Zhang, L. Zhao, Y. Sun, H. Yao, N. Li, H. Zhao, Y. Feng, S. Liu, Q. Zhang, D. Liu, J. Yuan
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)
A new breeze from an inspiring past: normality with multiple breath washout in school-aged children
Authors: Anne-Christianne Kentgens, Marc Oppelaar, Peter Merkus
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

<b>Multiple breath washout is likely to gain clinical relevance due to the recent availability of reference data. This may stimulate its clinical applicability in CF and other small airway diseases.</b>http://bit.ly/2Wa72qE
Differences in Stage of Cancer at Diagnosis, Treatment, and Survival by Race and Ethnicity Among Leading Cancer Types
Authors: Chenyue Zhang, Chenxing Zhang, Qingliang Wang, Zhenxiang Li, Jiamao Lin, Haiyong Wang
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Information about stage of cancer at diagnosis, use of therapy, and survival among patients from different racial/ethnic groups with 1 of the most common cancers is lacking. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess stage of cancer at diagnosis, use of therapy, overall survival (OS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with cancer from different racial/ethnic groups. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cohort study included 950 377 Asian, black, white, and Hispanic patients who were diagnosed with prostate, ovarian, breast, stomach, pancreatic, lung, liver, esophageal, or colorectal cancers from January 2004 to December 2010. Data were collected using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, and patients were observed for more than 5 years. Data analysis was conducted in July 2018. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Multivariable logistic and Cox regression were used to evaluate the differences in stage of cancer at diagnosis, treatment, and survival among patients from different racial/ethnic groups. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 950 377 patients (499 070 [52.5%] men) were included in the study, with 681 251 white patients (71.7%; mean [SD] age, 65 [12] years), 116 015 black patients (12.2%; mean [SD] age, 62 [12] years), 65 718 Asian patients (6.9%; mean [SD] age, 63 [13] years), and 87 393 Hispanic patients (9.2%; mean [SD] age, 61 [13] years). Compared with Asian patients, black patients were more likely to have metastatic disease at diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 1.144; 95% CI, 1.109-1.180;<i>P</i> &lt; .001). Black and Hispanic patients were less likely to receive definitive treatment than Asian patients (black: adjusted OR, 0.630; 95% CI, 0.609-0.653;<i>P</i> &lt; .001; Hispanic: adjusted OR, 0.751; 95% CI, 0.724-0.780;<i>P</i> &lt; .001). White, black, and Hispanic patients were more likely to have poorer CSS and OS than Asian patients (CSS, white: adjusted HR, 1.310; 95% CI, 1.283-1.338;<i>P</i> &lt; .001; black: adjusted HR, 1.645; 95% CI, 1.605-1.685;<i>P</i> &lt; .001; Hispanic: adjusted HR, 1.300; 95% CI, 1.266-1.334;<i>P</i> &lt; .001; OS, white: adjusted HR, 1.333; 95% CI, 1.310-1.357;<i>P</i> &lt; .001; black: adjusted HR, 1.754; 95% CI, 1.719-1.789;<i>P</i> &lt; .001; Hispanic: adjusted HR, 1.279; 95% CI, 1.269-1.326;<i>P</i> &lt; .001). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this study of patients with 1 of 9 leading cancers, stage at diagnosis, treatment, and survival were different by race and ethnicity. These findings may help to optimize treatment and improve outcomes.
Daratumumab plus CyBorD for patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis: safety run-in results of ANDROMEDA
Authors: Giovanni Palladini, Efstathios Kastritis, Mathew S. Maurer, Jeffrey Zonder, Monique C. Minnema, Ashutosh D. Wechalekar, Arnaud Jaccard, Hans C. Lee, Naresh Bumma, Jonathan L. Kaufman, Eva Medvedova, Tibor Kovacsovics, Michael Rosenzweig, Vaishali Sanchorawala, Xiang Qin, Sandra Y. Vasey, Brendan M. Weiss, Jessica Vermeulen, Giampaolo Merlini, Raymond L. Comenzo
Journal: Blood (2020)
Abstract 9713: Bariatric Surgery and Cerebrovascular Outcomes in Patients With Obesity
Authors: Maddalena Ardissino, Osama Moussa, Tobias Heaton, Alice Tang, Paul Ziprin, Ara Darzi, Omar Khan, Peter Collins, Sanjay Purkayastha
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: The metabolic changes associated with obesity are known to contribute to the development of cerebrovascular disease. Bariatric surgery is an effective means of achieving a reliable im...
Sustained subcutaneous delivery of secretome of human cardiac stem cells promotes cardiac repair following myocardial infarction
Authors: Andrew R Kompa, David W Greening, Anne M Kong, Paul J McMillan, Haoyun Fang, Ritika Saxena, Raymond C B Wong, Jarmon G Lees, Priyadharshini Sivakumaran, Andrew E Newcomb, Bakhos A Tannous, Cameron Kos, Lina Mariana, Thomas Loudovaris, Derek J Hausenloy, Shiang Y Lim
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2020)

To establish pre-clinical proof of concept that sustained subcutaneous delivery of the secretome of human cardiac stem cells (CSCs) can be achieved in vivo to produce significant cardioreparative outcomes in the setting of myocardial infarction.
Abstract 15764: Post-Ablation Follow-Up With a Pulse-Deriving Smartphone Application
Authors: Tine Proesmans, Tonny Van Hecke, Bart Francois, Maximo Rivero-Ayerza, Hugo Van Herendael, Dries De Cock, Dieter Nuyens, Frank Provenier, Tim Boussy
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Although early recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in post-ablation patients is common, transient, and does not represent treatment failure per se, it is widely recognized as a ris...
Staged development of long-lived T-cell receptor alpha beta T(H)17 resident memory T-cell population to Candida albicans after skin infection
Authors: Chang Ook Park, Xiujun Fu, Xiaodong Jiang, Youdong Pan, Jessica E Teague, Nicholas Collins, Tian Tian, John T O'Malley, Ryan O Emerson, Ji Hye Kim, Yookyung Jung, Rei Watanabe, Robert C Fuhlbrigge, Francis R Carbone, Thomas Gebhardt, Rachael A Clark, Charles P Lin, Thomas S Kupper
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Abstract 17069: Pregnancy-associated Hypertensive Disorders are Related to Higher Left Ventricular Mass and Myocardial Scarring
Authors: Odayme Quesada, Ki Park, Janet Wei, Eileen Handberg, Margo Minissian, Galen Cook-Wiens, Parham Zarrini, Louise E Thomson, Daniel S Berman, Carl J Pepine, Noel C Bairey-Merz
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Pregnancy-associated hypertensive disorders (e.g. gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia) predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) including mortality. Increa...
Abstract 10294: Empagliflozin Improves Heart Failure Caused by Pressure Overload by Regulating Cardiac Metabolism
Authors: Xuan Li, Jia Liu, Di Ren, Jingwen Zhang, Ying Han, Ji Li
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Empagliflozin (EMPA) is a highly selective SGLT2 inhibitor for the treatment of diabetes. Recently, the results of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME clinical trials showed that EMPA can reduce mor...
Should You Treat This Acutely Ill Medical Inpatient With Venous Thromboembolism Chemoprophylaxis?
Authors: Zahir Kanjee, Kenneth A. Bauer, Anthony C. Breu, Risa Burns
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes both deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is a common and potentially fatal condition. Medical inpatients are at high risk for VTE because of immobility as well as acute and chronic illness. Several randomized trials demonstrated that chemoprophylaxis, or low-dose anticoagulation, prevents VTE in selected medical inpatients. The 2018 American Society of Hematology clinical practice guideline on prophylaxis for hospitalized and nonhospitalized medical patients conditionally recommends chemoprophylaxis for non–critically ill medical inpatients, leaving much to the discretion of the treating physician. Here, 2 experts, a hematologist and a hospitalist, reflect on the care of a woman hospitalized with a rheumatologic disorder. They consider the risks and benefits of chemoprophylaxis, discuss VTE risk stratification, and recommend which patients should receive chemoprophylaxis and with which agents.
Immunoglobulin variable domain high-throughput sequencing reveals specific novel mutational patterns in POEMS syndrome
Authors: Sébastien Bender, Vincent Javaugue, Alexis Saintamand, Maria Victoria Ayala, Mehdi Alizadeh, Matthieu Filloux, Virginie Pascal, Nathalie Gachard, David Lavergne, Fabienne Auroy, Michel Cogné, Frank Bridoux, Christophe Sirac, Arnaud Jaccard
Journal: Blood (2020)
First-wave COVID-19 transmissibility and severity in China outside Hubei after control measures, and second-wave scenario planning: a modelling impact assessment
Authors: Kathy Leung, Joseph T Wu, Di Liu, Gabriel M Leung
Journal: The Lancet (2020)

As of March 18, 2020, 13 415 confirmed cases and 120 deaths related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in mainland China, outside Hubei province-the epicentre of the outbreak-had been reported. Since late January, massive public health interventions have been implemented nationwide to contain the outbreak. We provide an impact assessment of the transmissibility and severity of COVID-19 during the first wave in mainland Chinese locations outside Hubei.We estimated the instantaneous reproduction number (Rt) of COVID-19 in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Wenzhou, and the ten Chinese provinces that had the highest number of confirmed COVID-19 cases; and the confirmed case-fatality risk (cCFR) in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Wenzhou, and all 31 Chinese provinces. We used a susceptible-infectious-recovered model to show the potential effects of relaxing containment measures after the first wave of infection, in anticipation of a possible second wave.In all selected cities and provinces, the Rt decreased substantially since Jan 23, when control measures were implemented, and have since remained below 1. The cCFR outside Hubei was 0·98% (95% CI 0·82-1·16), which was almost five times lower than that in Hubei (5·91%, 5·73-6·09). Relaxing the interventions (resulting in Rt >1) when the epidemic size was still small would increase the cumulative case count exponentially as a function of relaxation duration, even if aggressive interventions could subsequently push disease prevalence back to the baseline level.The first wave of COVID-19 outside of Hubei has abated because of aggressive non-pharmaceutical interventions. However, given the substantial risk of viral reintroduction, particularly from overseas importation, close monitoring of Rt and cCFR is needed to inform strategies against a potential second wave to achieve an optimal balance between health and economic protection.Health and Medical Research Fund, Hong Kong, China.
Low-dose interferon-alpha preconditioning and adoptive cell therapy in patients with metastatic melanoma refractory to standard (immune) therapies: a phase I/II study
Authors: Els Verdegaal, Monique K van der Kooij, Marten Visser, Caroline van der Minne, Linda de Bruin, Pauline Meij, Anton Terwisscha van Scheltinga, Marij J Welters, Saskia Santegoets, Noel de Miranda, Inge Roozen, Gerrit Jan Liefers, Ellen Kapiteijn, Sjoerd H van der Burg
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2020)

Background Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-reactive T cells has shown consistent clinical efficacy. We evaluated the response to ACT in combination with interferon alpha (IFNa) preconditioning in patients with stage IV metastatic melanoma, most of which were progressive on cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 and/or programmed cell death protein 1 checkpoint blockade therapy. Methods Thirty-four patients were treated with ex vivo expanded tumor reactive T cells, derived from mixed lymphocyte autologous tumor cultures, or with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and evaluated for clinical response. Clinical and immunological parameters associated with response were also evaluated. Results Best overall response defined as clinical benefit, comprising either complete response, partial response or stable disease &gt;6 months, was observed in 29% of the patients. Forty-three per cent of the 14 immunotherapy-naïve patients and 20% of the 20 patients progressive on prior immunotherapy benefited from ACT. The overall survival (OS) was 90% versus 28.6% at 1 year and 46.7% versus 0% at 3 years follow-up, of responder and non-responder patients, respectively. Median OS was 36 versus 7 months, respectively. IFNa pretreatment resulted in leukopenia, neutropenia and lymphopenia, which was sustained during the treatment in clinical responders and associated with response. Differences in antigen specificity, but not in phenotype, cytokine profile or CD8+ T cell number of the ACT products correlated with clinical response. Cross-reactivity of the ACT products to one or more allogeneic human leukocyte antigen-matched melanoma cell lines was associated with short OS after treatment while the ACT products of very long-term survivors showed no cross-reactivity but recognized patient-specific neoantigens. Conclusion This study demonstrates that ACT in combination with a mild IFNa preconditioning regimen can induce clinical benefit even in immunotherapy pretreated patients, although with lower success than in immunotherapy-naïve patients. ACT products comprising neoantigen reactivity may be more effective.
Heritable arrhythmia syndromes associated with abnormal cardiac sodium channel function: ionic and non-ionic mechanisms
Authors: Mathilde R Rivaud, Mario Delmar, Carol Ann Remme
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2020)

Abstract The cardiac sodium channel NaV1.5, encoded by the SCN5A gene, is responsible for the fast upstroke of the action potential. Mutations in SCN5A may cause sodium channel dysfunction by decreasing peak sodium current, which slows conduction and facilitates reentry-based arrhythmias, and by enhancing late sodium current, which prolongs the action potential and sets the stage for early afterdepolarization and arrhythmias. Yet, some NaV1.5-related disorders, in particular structural abnormalities, cannot be directly or solely explained on the basis of defective NaV1.5 expression or biophysics. An emerging concept that may explain the large disease spectrum associated with SCN5A mutations centres around the multifunctionality of the NaV1.5 complex. In this alternative view, alterations in NaV1.5 affect processes that are independent of its canonical ion-conducting role. We here propose a novel classification of NaV1.5 (dys)function, categorized into (i) direct ionic effects of sodium influx through NaV1.5 on membrane potential and consequent action potential generation, (ii) indirect ionic effects of sodium influx on intracellular homeostasis and signalling, and (iii) non-ionic effects of NaV1.5, independent of sodium influx, through interactions with macromolecular complexes within the different microdomains of the cardiomyocyte. These indirect ionic and non-ionic processes may, acting alone or in concert, contribute significantly to arrhythmogenesis. Hence, further exploration of these multifunctional effects of NaV1.5 is essential for the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Treatment of erythrodermic psoriasis with biologics: A systematic review
Authors: Osward Y. Carrasquillo, Gabriela Pabón-Cartagena, Leyre A. Falto-Aizpurua, Marely Santiago-Vázquez, Karina J. Cancel-Artau, Gabriel Arias-Berrios, Rafael F. Martín-García
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Therapeutic modulation of estrogen receptor in ovarian cancer cells by ER-β agonist nanoparticles
Authors: Hareesh B. Nair, Nina Tamirisa, Bindu Santhamma, Agyin K Joseph, Perla P Rao, Nameer B Kirma, Ya-Guang Liu, Markandeswar Panda, Rajeshwar R Tekmal
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

1223  Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women. Several studies have shown that aromatase is expressed in the epithelium compartment, either in normal human ovarian surface epithelial cells or in cancer tissues. Studies have shown that ovarian epithelial normal cells and tumor cells express estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ and are thus potential targets of ER-mediated effects on cell proliferation. In our study we have tested the efficacy of selective estrogen receptor β modulator, diarylpropionitrile (DPN) in blocking the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells and investigated whether DPN is an effective adjuvant in combination with aromatase inhibitor (letrozole) in blocking the growth of ovarian cancer cells employing nanoparticle mediated active and sustained drug delivery method. The down regulation of steroid receptors as well as proliferation markers and decreased aromatase activity was noticed in ovarian cancer (SKOV3) cells treated with PLGA-PEG based DPN+letrozole nanoparticles (NP’s) when compared with letrozole alone. Increased payload of letrozole and DPN and better intracellular delivery to inhibit unwanted side effects and drug resistance can be achieved through PLGA based DPN/Letr nanoparticles. 95% of NP’s were found internalized in SKOV3 cells after 6h of incubation. The drug concentration of NP’s is 0.76 % w/w detected by ultracentrifugation. The direct function of the effect of intracellular drug accumulation was determined by cytotoxicity assay, showed 75% cytotoxicity was observed after 42 h of incubation with drug-NP’s. The apoptotic activity of combined letrozole and DPN NP’s was more than either combined or individual compounds alone. FITC conjugated DPN/Letrozole nanoparticles could serve as effective sustained drug delivery method as well probes for studying drug interaction, retention, and distribution in vitro and in vivo. Our studies suggest that combination therapy employing DPN may be useful as an adjuvant with aromatase inhibitors to treat ovarian cancer. (Supported by NCI/NIH P30 CA 54174 to RRT).
With First CRISPR Trials, Gene Editing Moves Toward the Clinic
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Destablilization of TRAF6 by DRAK1 Suppresses Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Yuna Park, Kyoungwha Pang, Jinah Park, Eunji Hong, Jihee Lee, Akira Ooshima, Hae-Suk Kim, Jae Hyun Cho, Youngjin Han, Cheol Lee, Yong Sang Song, Kyung-Soon Park, Kyung-Min Yang, Seong-Jin Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

The adaptor protein TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is a key mediator in inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling its activity and stability in cancer progression remain unclear. Here we show that death-associated protein kinase-related apoptosis-inducing kinase 1 (DRAK1) inhibits the proinflammatory signaling pathway by targeting TRAF6 for degradation, thereby suppressing inflammatory signaling-mediated tumor growth and metastasis in advanced cervical cancer cells. DRAK1 bound directly to the TRAF domain of TRAF6, preventing its autoubiquitination by interfering with homo-oligomerization, eventually leading to autophagy-mediated degradation of TRAF6. Depletion of DRAK1 in cervical cancer cells resulted in markedly increased levels of TRAF6 protein, promoting activation of the IL1β signaling-associated pathway and proinflammatory cytokine production. DRAK1 was specifically underexpressed in metastatic cervical cancers and inversely correlated with TRAF6 expression in mouse xenograft model tumor tissues and human cervical tumor tissues. Collectively, our findings highlight DRAK1 as a novel antagonist of inflammation targeting TRAF6 for degradation that limits inflammatory signaling-mediated progression of advanced cervical cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Serine/threonine kinase DRAK1 serves a unique role as a novel negative regulator of the inflammatory signaling mediator TRAF6 in cervical cancer progression.
Trends in the Burden of Chronic Liver Disease Among Hospitalized US Adults
Authors: Grishma Hirode, Sammy Saab, Robert J. Wong
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

One factor associated with the rapidly increasing clinical and economic burden of chronic liver disease (CLD) is inpatient health care utilization.To understand trends in the hospitalization burden of CLD in the US.This cross-sectional study of hospitalized adults in the US used data from the National Inpatient Sample from 2012 to 2016 on adult CLD-related hospitalizations. Data were analyzed from June to October 2019.Hospitalizations identified using a comprehensive review of CLD-specific International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification and International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Survey-weighted annual trends in national estimates of CLD-related hospitalizations, in-hospital mortality, and hospitalization costs, stratified by demographic and clinical characteristics.This study included 1 016 743 CLD-related hospitalizations (mean [SD] patient age, 57.4 [14.4] years; 582 197 [57.3%] male; 633 082 [62.3%] white). From 2012 to 2016, the rate of CLD-related hospitalizations per 100 000 hospitalizations increased from 3056 (95% CI, 3042-3069) to 3757 (95% CI, 3742-3772), and total inpatient hospitalization costs increased from $14.9 billion (95% CI, $13.9 billion to $15.9 billion) to $18.8 billion (95% CI, $17.6 billion to $20.0 billion). Mean (SD) patient age increased (56.8 [14.2] years in 2012 to 57.8 [14.6] years in 2016) and, subsequently, the proportion with Medicare also increased (41.7% [95% CI, 41.1%-42.2%] to 43.6% [95% CI, 43.1%-44.1%]) (P for trend < .001 for both). The proportion of hospitalizations of patients with hepatitis C virus was similar throughout the period of study (31.6% [95% CI, 31.3%-31.9%]), and the proportion with alcoholic cirrhosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease showed increases. The mortality rate was higher among hospitalizations with alcoholic cirrhosis (11.9% [95% CI, 11.7%-12.0%]) compared with other etiologies. Presence of hepatocellular carcinoma was also associated with a high mortality rate (9.8% [95% CI, 9.5%-10.1%]). Cost burden increased across all etiologies, with a higher total cost burden among hospitalizations with alcoholic cirrhosis ($22.7 billion [95% CI, $22.1 billion to $23.2 billion]) or hepatitis C virus ($22.6 billion [95% CI, $22.1 billion to $23.2 billion]). Presence of cirrhosis, complications of cirrhosis, and comorbidities added to the CLD burden.Over the study period, the total estimated national hospitalization costs in patients with CLD reached $81.1 billion. The inpatient CLD burden in the US is likely increasing because of an aging CLD population with increases in concomitant comorbid conditions.