tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Telemonitoring of CPAP therapy saves nursing time
Authors: Sari Melkko, Sirkka Hakko, Ulla Anttalainen, Tarja Laitinen, Tarja Saaresranta
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

We compared telemonitoring with regular nursing procedure in terms of patient satisfaction, CPAP adherence and nursing time during the habituation phase of the CPAP therapy in OSAS. After CPAP titration at home, patients were randomized to the telemonitoring (TM) or the control group (CTRL). TM used S9 Elite® (ResMed, Australia) fixed pressure CPAP device with wireless, remote monitoring system (ResTraxx Online System®, ResMed, Sydney, Australia), and CTRL similar CPAP devices without telemonitoring. After telemonitoring, first control was scheduled one year ahead at sleep nurse (76%) or within 4 months at doctor9s office when needed (24%). CTRL had their first control visit within 4 months at doctor’s office after commencing treatment with fixed pressure CPAP device. Both groups were encouraged to call the sleep nurse during the habituation phase, if running into problems with treatment. In TM, 42 patients have completed telemonitoring and in CTRL, 30 patients have had the first control visit. Mean age, BMI, sleepiness, or severity of OSAS did not differ between the groups. Both groups were satisfied with patient education and support and the timing of the first control visit. TM considered less frequently control visit at doctor’s office necessary than CTRL (25.0% vs. 84.0%, p=0.0019). Hours of nightly CPAP use increased similarly during telemonitoring or regular habituation phase prior to the first control in both groups (26.8 min vs. 24.6 min, p=0.923). Median nursing time per patient was 14.8 (range 9.5-143) min in TM vs. 40 (40-100) min in CTRL (p  Acknowledgements: ResTraxx Online System® provided by ResMed Finland.
Abstract 12605: Center Variability in Timing of Stage 2 Palliation and Association With Interstage Mortality: A Report From the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative
Authors: Garick Hill, Nancy Rudd, Nancy Ghanayem, David Hehir, Peter Bartz
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: The interstage period from discharge following stage 1 palliation (S1P) until stage 2 palliation (S2P) remains high risk. Significant variability between institutions exists around the timing of S2P. We sought to describe the variability in a multi-institution cohort and assess its association with interstage mortality. Methods: The National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative registry, with data from 52 centers, was queried. Patients undergoing a hybrid S1P, transplanted prior to S2P, lost to follow up prior to S2P or deemed not candidates for S2P were excluded. Only centers with 10 or greater patients meeting eligibility were included to reduce the impact of outliers. Centers were divided based on median age at S2P into early (n=15) and late (n=16) centers using a cutoff of 153 days. Groups were compared using Chi-squared or Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: The final cohort included 789 patients from 31 centers. Center specific median age at S2P varied from 109 to 214 days, with a center mean of 158 ± 27 days. At S1P, the late centers had a higher prevalence of preoperative ventilation (34.7% vs. 26.9%, p=0.02) and longer average post-S1P duration of intubation (14.4 ± 19.7 vs. 10.2 ± 11.4 days, p&lt;0.001) and S1P hospital length of stay (48.5 ± 30.4 vs. 38.5 ± 22.3 days, p&lt;0.0001). Interstage mortality was significantly higher in centers performing late vs. early S2P (9.9% vs. 5.7%, p=0.03). Interstage event rate (late: 8.2 vs. early: 5.8 deaths per 10000 interstage days) was not different by group (p=0.26), but interstage duration was significantly longer (133.9 ± 71.5 vs. 103.4 ± 37.8 days, p&lt;0.0001) in the late group. Survival to hospital discharge (98.9% in both groups, p&gt;0.98) and hospital length of stay following S2P (late: 15.6 ± 22.3 vs. early: 13.7 ± 22.4, p=0.68) were similar between groups. Conclusions: In a large multi-institution collaborative, the median age at S2P varies between centers. Centers performing S2P at a later median age have higher interstage mortality. This may be in part due to a higher severity of illness, reflected by higher S1P morbidity in this group. Although optimal timing of S2P remains unclear, centers performing early S2P did not experience worse S2P outcomes, and experienced less interstage mortality.
Abstract IA21: Deciphering the human gut microbiome with chemistry
Authors: Emily P. Balskus
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract The human body is colonized by trillions of microorganisms that exert a profound influence on human biology, in part by providing functional capabilities that extend beyond those of host cells. In particular, there is growing evidence linking chemical processes carried out by the human gut microbiome to diseases such as colorectal cancer. However, we still do not understand the vast majority of the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Major obstacles faced in surmounting this knowledge gap include the difficulty in linking functions associated with the human gut microbiota to specific microbial enzymes and the challenge of controlling these activities in complex microbial communities. This talk will discuss my lab’s efforts to characterize gut microbial metabolic activities that are linked to colorectal cancer, including a gut microbial genotoxin called colibactin. Gaining a molecular understanding of cancer-associated gut microbial activities will not only help to elucidate the mechanisms by which these organisms contribute to carcinogenesis but should also enable efforts to treat and prevent disease by manipulating this microbial community. Citation Format: Emily P. Balskus. Deciphering the human gut microbiome with chemistry [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Microbiome, Viruses, and Cancer; 2020 Feb 21-24; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(8 Suppl):Abstract nr IA21.
Violence against women during covid-19 pandemic restrictions
Authors: Elisabeth Roesch, Avni Amin, Jhumka Gupta, Claudia García-Moreno
Journal: BMJ (2020)

As the covid-19 pandemic intensifies, its gendered effects have begun to gain attention.Though data are scarce, media coverage and reports from organisations that respond to violence against women reveal an alarming picture of increased reports of intimate partner violence during this outbreak, including partners using physical distancing measures to further isolate affected women from resources. 1 2 In Jianli County, Hubei province of China, a police department reported a tripling of domestic violence cases in February 2020 compared with February 2019, estimating that 90% were related to the covid-19 epidemic. 3In the UK, a project tracking violence against women noted that deaths from domestic abuse between 23 March and 12 April had more than doubled (to 16 deaths) compared with the average rate in the previous 10 years. 4ese reports are disturbing yet predictable.Globally, 30% of women experience physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner in their lifetime. 5Such violence can increase during humanitarian crises, including conflict and natural disasters. 6he gendered impacts of infectious disease epidemics are less understood and acknowledged.Past epidemics, including Ebola 7 and Zika, 8 suggest violence against women may shift in nature and scale as outbreaks affect social and economic life. 9Half of the world's population is being asked to stay at home to slow the spread of covid-19. 10 For women already in abusive relationships, or at risk of such abuse, staying at home increases their risk of intimate partner violence.Children may also be exposed to intimate partner violence or be abused themselves. 11Urgent steps must be taken to address the risks of violence faced by women and children during pandemic restrictions.
Serum cholestanol, cholesterol precursors, and plant sterols during placebo-controlled treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis with ursodeoxycholic acid or colchicine*1
Authors: T MIETTINEN
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

A randomized placebo-controlled 2-year study was performed in 69 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) on serum lipids during ursodeoxycholic acid (URSO) and colchicine treatments. In addition to serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase (AFOS), two variables considered to reflect liver function, serum lipoproteins, cholesterol precursors (squalene, Γ8-cholestenol, lathosterol and desmosterol), markers of cholesterol synthesis, cholestanol and plant sterols (campesterol and sitosterol), markers of liver function and cholesterol absorption, were studied before and during the treatments. Serum bilirubin was inconsistently improved by URSO, whereas improvement of AFOS values was better by URSO than colchicine, especially in patients with initially more advanced PBC. Serum total cholesterol was reduced by both drugs, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol by URSO. Cholesterol precursor sterols were increased by both URSO and colchicine mainly in patients with initially less severe PBC. On the other hand, the cholestanol values were markedly increased initially, and the values were related to bilirubin during the 2-year period, were further increased in the placebo group, and reduced in the URSO and colchicine groups, so that the improvement was highest in the URSO-treated patients with the severe form of PBC. The increase of the serum plant sterols, particularly that of sitosterol, was retarded by the two drugs so that the campesterol/sitosterol ratio, which was related to serum bilirubin, was increased especially in the cases with initially more advanced PBC. The present findings show that the serum cholestanol level and the campesterol/sitosterol ratio, two variables characterizing end-stage PBC, are modestly but significantly improved by long-term URSO or colchicine treatment, but virtually none of the excessively increased cholestanol values are normalized.
Clinical and molecular characteristics and treatment outcomes of advanced right-colon, left-colon and rectal cancers: data from 1180 patients in a phase III trial of panitumumab with an extended biomarker panel
Authors: J.F. Seligmann, F. Elliott, S. Richman, G. Hemmings, S. Brown, B. Jacobs, C. Williams, S. Tejpar, J.H. Barrett, P. Quirke, M. Seymour
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in systemic sclerosis
Authors: M Hara, Chikao Yutani, Miyako Nagumo, Shingo Kyoutani, Takashi Kawakami, Koji Ueno, Toshihiko Sato, Masaru Shibata, Masahiro Suzuki, Satoshi Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2004)
The Evidence for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Authors: Lorenzo Lorenzo-Luaces
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Combination of mean spot sizes of ESAT-6 spot-forming cells and modified tuberculosis-specific antigen/phytohemagglutinin ratio of T-SPOT.TB assay in distinguishing between active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection
Authors: Ying Luo, Guoxing Tang, Qun Lin, Liyan Mao, Ying Xue, Xu Yuan, Renren Ouyang, Shiji Wu, Jing Yu, Yu Zhou, Weiyong Liu, Hongyan Hou, Feng Wang, Ziyong Sun
Journal: Journal of Infection (2020)

Distinguishing between active tuberculosis (ATB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) remains challenging.The modified T-SPOT.TB assay was performed in 499 participants (243 ATB and 256 LTBI) and another 322 participants (162 ATB and 160 LTBI) who were diagnosed in Qiaokou (training) and Caidian (validation) cohort respectively.The mean spot sizes (MSS) of early secreted antigenic target 6 (ESAT-6) spot-forming cells (SFC) of T-SPOT.TB assay in ATB patients was significantly higher than that in LTBI individuals. 1.0 × 105 was the optimal number of cells added to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) well for obtaining more accurate TB-specific antigen to phytohaemagglutinin (TBAg/PHA) ratio. The area under the curve of the diagnostic model by combination of ESAT-6 SFC MSS and modified TBAg/PHA ratio in distinguishing ATB from LTBI was 0.959 in training cohort, with a sensitivity of 90.12% and a specificity of 91.02% when a cutoff value of 0.46 was used. This diagnostic model showed similar performance in the validation cohort. The area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.962, 93.21%, and 90.00%, respectively. Further flow cytometry analysis showed that ESAT-6 stimulation induced a significantly higher mean fluorescence intensity of IFN-γ+ cells in lymphocytes compared with culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10) stimulation. In contrast, CFP-10 stimulation induced a significantly higher percentage of IFN-γ+ cells in lymphocytes compared with ESAT-6 stimulation.The combination of the MSS of ESAT-6 SFC and the modified TBAg/PHA ratio of T-SPOT.TB assay showed great value in discriminating ATB from LTBI.
Feasibility and implementation of portable confocal microscopy for point-of-care diagnosis of cutaneous lesions in a low-resource setting
Authors: Esther E. Freeman, Aggrey Semeere, Miriam Laker-Oketta, Priscilla Namaganda, Hany Osman, Robert Lukande, Devon McMahon, Divya Seth, Linda Oyesiku, Guillermo J. Tearney, Salvador Gonzalez, Milind Rajadhyaksha, R. Rox Anderson, Jeffrey Martin, Dongkyun Kang
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Weight loss at the first month of palliative chemotherapy to predict survival outcomes in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
Authors: Chan-Young Ock, Do-Youn Oh, Tae-Yong Kim, Kyung-Hun Lee, Sae-Won Han, Seock-Ah Im, Tae-You Kim, Yung-Jue Bang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

83 Background: Weight loss during chemotherapy is a significant prognostic factor for poor survival in patients advanced gastric cancer (AGC). However, in most studies, weight loss was measured at the end of chemotherapy, limiting its clinical use. In this study, we evaluated whether weight loss during the first month of chemotherapy could predict survival outcomes in patients with AGC. Methods: We analyzed 719 patients with metastatic or recurrent AGC who were receiving palliative chemotherapy. We calculated initial body mass index (BMIi), percent weight loss after one month of chemotherapy (ΔW1m), percent weight loss after last administration of chemotherapy (ΔWend), and average weight loss per month during chemotherapy (ΔW/m). We correlated these data with overall survival (OS) by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan-Meier curves, and performed a subgroup analysis using Cox regression. Results: The probabilities of longer OS had stronger correlations with ΔW/m and ΔW1m than with ΔWend or BMIi. The optimal cutoff values of ΔW/m and ΔW1m for predicting shorter survival were 1% and 3%, respectively. A significant positive correlation between ΔW1m and ΔW/m (r 2 = 0.591, p &lt; 0.001) was observed. Patients with ΔW1m more than 3% significantly younger, had worse performance status, more diffuse-type Lauren classification, more HER2-negative pathology, a higher number of involved organs, and more peritoneal seeding at initial presentation. OS of patients with ΔW1m more than 3% were significantly shorter than patients with less weight loss (ΔW1m ≥3%: 9.7, &lt;3%: 16.3 months, p &lt; 0.001). Patients who recovered average weight loss per month after experiencing weight loss at the first month showed prolonged OS compared with patients who did not recovered (ΔW/m &lt; 1%: 21.3, ≥1%: 7.8 months, p &lt; 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed ΔW1m accompanied poor survival irrespective of other clinical characteristics. Multivariate analysis showed weight loss at the first month of chemotherapy adversely affected OS (p= 0.038). Conclusions: Weight loss at the very first month of palliative chemotherapy could predict unfavorable survival outcomes in AGC.
Infection prevention and control compliance in Tanzanian outpatient facilities: a cross-sectional study with implications for the control of COVID-19
Authors: Timothy Powell-Jackson, Jessica J C King, Christina Makungu, Nicole Spieker, Susannah Woodd, Peter Risha, Catherine Goodman
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2020)

As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads, weak health systems must not become a vehicle for transmission through poor infection prevention and control practices. We assessed the compliance of health workers with infection prevention and control practices relevant to COVID-19 in outpatient settings in Tanzania, before the pandemic.
My Friend Claims Her Second Round of Cancer
Authors: Suzanne Edison
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Composite GRFS and CRFS Outcomes After Adult Alternative Donor HCT
Authors: Rohtesh S. Mehta, Shernan G. Holtan, Tao Wang, Michael T. Hemmer, Stephen R. Spellman, Mukta Arora, Daniel R. Couriel, Amin M. Alousi, Joseph Pidala, Hisham Abdel-Azim, Vaibhav Agrawal, Ibrahim Ahmed, A. Samer Al-Homsi, Mahmoud Aljurf, Joseph H. Antin, Medhat Askar, Jeffery J. Auletta, Vijaya Raj Bhatt, Lynette Chee, Saurabh Chhabra, Andrew Daly, Zachariah DeFilipp, James Gajewski, Robert Peter Gale, Usama Gergis, Peiman Hematti, Gerhard C. Hildebrandt, William J. Hogan, Yoshihiro Inamoto, Rodrigo Martino, Navneet S. Majhail, David I. Marks, Taiga Nishihori, Richard F. Olsson, Attaphol Pawarode, Miguel Angel Diaz, Tim Prestidge, Hemalatha G. Rangarajan, Olle Ringden, Ayman Saad, Bipin N. Savani, Hélène Schoemans, Sachiko Seo, Kirk R. Schultz, Melhem Solh, Thomas Spitzer, Jan Storek, Takanori Teshima, Leo F. Verdonck, Baldeep Wirk, Jean A. Yared, Jean-Yves Cahn, Daniel J. Weisdorf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

There is no consensus on the best choice of an alternative donor (umbilical cord blood [UCB], haploidentical, one-antigen mismatched [7/8]-bone marrow [BM], or 7/8-peripheral blood [PB]) for hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for patients lacking an HLA-matched related or unrelated donor.
Response to ‘Risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura’ by Xie and Zhang
Authors: Fang-Xiao Zhu, Jing-Yang Huang, Qing-Qing Wen, James Cheng-Chung Wei
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

We thank Xie et al for their relevant comments on our recent article in the Annals of Rheumatic Disease entitled ‘Risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: a population-based cohort study’.1 We are pleased that this correspondence allows us to provide additional data and further discussion to explain these comments.

Our study aimed to investigate the risk of new-onset of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in patients with new diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in the setting of claim-based National Taiwan Insurance Research Database. To ensure that we included only new cases, we excluded subjects with previous diagnosis of ITP or SLE to avoid the possibility of pre-existing SLE. All the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, …
LONG-TERM PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH KAWASAKI DISEASE AND CORONARY ARTERY LESIONS: A 15-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY
Authors: Nobutaka Noto, Hiroshi Kamiyama, Kensuke Karasawa, Mamoru Ayusawa, Naokata Sumitomo, Tomoo Okada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Angiogenesis genotyping and clinical outcome during regorafenib treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer patients.
Authors: Riccardo Giampieri, Lisa Salvatore, Michela Del Prete, Tiziana Prochilo, Marco D'Anzeo, Luca Faloppi, Maristella Bianconi, Cristian Loretelli, Fotios Loupakis, Rodolfo Montironi, Marina Scarpelli, Alberto Zaniboni, Alfredo Falcone, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

595 Background: The introduction of regorafenib for the treatment of colorectal cancer represented a sure medical achievement though at a cost of relevant toxicity. As a consequence the lack of predictive factors made the use of regorafenib in the clinical practice challenging. Previous observations suggested that polymorphisms of VEGF and its receptor (VEGFR) genes may regulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis and potentially influence outcome during anti-angiogenesis treatment. Aim of our study was to evaluate the role of VEGF and VEGFR genotyping in determining clinical outcome for colorectal cancer patients receiving regorafenib. Methods: From a multicentre experience 138 samples (tumour or blood samples) of colorectal cancer patients receiving regorafenib were tested for VEGF-A, VEGF-C and VEGFR-1,2,3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Patients’ progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analysed. Results: Results from angiogenesis genotyping showed that only VEGF-A rs2010963 maintained an independent correlation with PFS and OS (respectively HR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.33-0.81, p=0.003 and HR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.34-0.99, p=0.04). A correlation with disease control rate (DCR) was also observed (DCR 55% vs. 26%, p=0.02). Among clinical factors only ECOG PS was independently correlated with OS (HR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.21-0.81, p=0.009), whereas no correlation with PFS was evident. Grouping together observations from angiogenesis genotyping and ECOG PS allowed further patients stratification into 3 prognostic groups: favourable, intermediate and unfavourable. Median OS resulted progressively decreased across these groups (OS not reached, 7.8 and 3.9 months respectively in the favourable, intermediate and unfavourable group, p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: VEGF-A rs2010963 genotyping may represent an important tool for a more accurate selection of candidates for regorafenib. This selection opportunity will ultimately improve the therapeutic index of such a treatment approach by limiting treatment to potentially responding patients and sparing unnecessary toxicity to those unlikely to benefit.