tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of Urine Haptoglobin With Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Transethnic Collaborative Work
Authors: Jian-Jun Liu, Sylvia Liu, Pierre-Jean Saulnier, Elise Gand, Robin W.M. Choo, Resham L. Gurung, Samy Hadjadj, Su Chi Lim, Su Chi Lim, Jian-Jun Liu, Sylvia Liu, Resham L. Gurung, Clara Tan, Clara Chan, Yi-Ming Shao, Serena Low, Lee Ying Yeoh, Allen Liu, Subramaniam Tavintharan, Chee Fang Sum, Samy Hadjadj, Richard Marechaud, Stéphanie Ragot, Xavier Piguel, Pierre-Jean Saulnie
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

Haptoglobin is an acute-phase reactant with pleiotropic functions. We aimed to study whether urine haptoglobin may predict risk of mortality in people with type 2 diabetes.We employed a transethnic approach with a cohort of Asian origin (Singapore) (N = 2,061) and a cohort of European origin (France) (N = 1,438) included in the study. We used survival analyses to study the association of urine haptoglobin with risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality.A total of 365 and 525 deaths were registered in the Singapore cohort (median follow-up 7.5 years [interquartile range 3.5-12.8]) and French SURDIAGENE cohort (median follow-up 6.8 years [interquartile range 4.3-10.5], respectively. Singapore participants with urine haptoglobin in quartiles 2 to 4 had higher risk for all-cause mortality compared with quartile 1 (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.47 [95% CI 1.02-2.11], 2.28 [1.62-3.21], and 4.64 [3.39-6.35], respectively). The association remained significant in quartile 4 after multiple adjustments (1.68 [1.15-2.45]). Similarly, participants in the French cohort with haptoglobin in quartile 4 had significantly higher hazards for all-cause mortality compared with quartile 1 (unadjusted HR 2.67 [2.09-3.42] and adjusted HR 1.49 [1.14-1.96]). In both cohorts, participants in quartile 4 had a higher risk of mortality attributable to cardiovascular disease and infection but not malignant tumor.Urine haptoglobin predicts risk of mortality independent of traditional risk factors, suggesting that it may potentially be a novel biomarker for risk of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Antiviral (Hepatitis C Virus) Drug-Drug Interaction Leading to Dramatic Underestimation of Liver Function With 99mTc-Mebrofenin Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy
Authors: Emmanuel Deshayes, Cyril Fersing, Lucy Meunier, François Quenet, Boris Guiu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

Abstract There is a growing interest in assessment of future remnant liver function with 99m Tc-mebrofenin hepatobiliary scintigraphy before major hepatectomy to estimate the risk of posthepatectomy liver failure. We illustrate the case of a 42-year-old woman with liver metastasis from colorectal cancer who performed hepatobiliary scintigraphy. 99m Tc-mebrofenin clearance rate of the total liver was considerably low. The patient recently started a treatment for active hepatitis C with a combination of 2 new direct-acting antiviral agents (grazoprevir, elbasvir). Apart from hypoalbuminemia or hyperbilirubinemia, physicians must be aware that drug interactions can interfere with 99m Tc-mebrofenin liver uptake, thereby resulting in a dramatic underestimation of liver function.
Dual transcriptomic and epigenomic study of reaction severity in peanut-allergic children
Authors: Anh N. Do, Corey T. Watson, Ariella T. Cohain, Robert S. Griffin, Alexander Grishin, Robert A. Wood, A. Wesley Burks, Stacie M. Jones, Amy Scurlock, Donald Y.M. Leung, Hugh A. Sampson, Scott H. Sicherer, Andrew J. Sharp, Eric E. Schadt, Supinda Bunyavanich
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Abstract 15794: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Activation Improves Systolic LV Function and LV Mechanics in a Porcine Model of Ischemia and Reperfusion
Authors: Torsten P Vahl, Carlos G Santos-Gallego, Georg Goliasch, Teresa Arias, Kiyotake Ishikawa, Javier Sanz, Martin E Goldman, Partho Sengupta, Roger J Hajjar, Valentin Fuster, Juan J Badimon
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an intestinal hormone secreted after nutrient ingestion that plays a key role in the control of glucose metabolism. Further, GLP-1 has anti-apoptoti...
Getting Our Money’s Worth From Clinical Care Studies of Prehospital Trauma Care
Authors: Todd E. Rasmussen, Laura R. Brosch
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
An OCT2 / OCA-B / MEF2B Ternary Complex Controls the Activity and Architecture of an Essential Locus Control Region for Normal and Malignant Germinal Center B-Cells
Authors: Johannes C Hellmuth, Chi-Shuen Chu, Rajat Singh, Lucy A Skrabanek, Ashley Doane, Olivier Elemento, Robert G. Roeder, Ari Melnick
Journal: Blood (2019)
Incidence and clinical implications of late immune-related adverse events in long responders to PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors: A multicenter study
Authors: O. Nigro, A. Cortellini, R. Giusti, P. Marchetti, F. De Galitiis, F.R. Di Pietro, M. Bersanelli, A. Lazzarin, D. Galetta, P. Pizzutillo, D. Santini, M. Torniai, A. De Giglio, A. Russo, R.R. Silva, E. Bolzacchini, C. Natoli, E. Rijavec, I. Vallini, G. Pinotti
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
In older patients with AF, antiarrhythmic drugs were linked to fall-related injuries and syncope vs rate-lowering drugs
Authors: Jakub Gumprecht, Gregory Y.H. Lip
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

Source Citation Dalgaard F, Pallisgaard JL, Numé AK, et al. Rate or rhythm control in older atrial fibrillation patients: risk of fall-related injuries and syncope. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2019;67:2023-30. 31339174
Evaluating the Safety of Oral Propranolol Therapy in Patients With PHACE Syndrome
Authors: Gerilyn M. Olsen, Leanna M. Hansen, Nicole S. Stefanko, Erin Mathes, Katherine B. Puttgen, Megha M. Tollefson, Christine Lauren, Anthony J. Mancini, Catherine C. McCuaig, Ilona J. Frieden, Denise Adams, Eulalia Baselga, Sarah Chamlin, Deepti Gupta, Peter Frommelt, Maria C. Garzon, Kimberly Horii, Justyna Klajn, Mohit Maheshwari, Brandon Newell, Henry L. Nguyen, Amy Nopper, Julie Powell, Dawn H. Siegel, Beth A. Drolet
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

Oral propranolol is widely considered to be first-line therapy for complicated infantile hemangioma, but its use in patients with PHACE (posterior fossa malformations, hemangioma, arterial anomalies, cardiac defects, eye anomalies) syndrome has been debated owing to concerns that the cardiovascular effects of the drug may increase the risk for arterial ischemic stroke.To assess the incidence of adverse events among patients with PHACE syndrome receiving oral propranolol for infantile hemangioma.This multicenter retrospective cohort study assessed the incidence of adverse events among 76 patients with PHACE syndrome receiving oral propranolol for infantile hemangioma at 11 tertiary care, academic pediatric dermatology practices. Medical records from January 1, 2010, through April 25, 2017, were reviewed.Patients received oral propranolol, 0.3 mg/kg/dose or more.The main outcome was the rate and severity of adverse events occurring throughout the course of treatment with oral propranolol, as documented in the medical records. Adverse events were graded from 1 to 5 using a scale derived from the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events and were considered to be serious if they were grade 3 or higher.A total of 76 patients (59 girls and 17 boys; median age at propranolol initiation, 56 days [range, 0-396 days]) met the inclusion criteria. There were no reports of serious adverse events (ie, stroke, transient ischemic attack, or cardiovascular events) during treatment with oral propranolol. A total of 46 nonserious adverse events were reported among 29 patients (38.2%); the most commonly reported nonserious adverse events were sleep disturbances and minor gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract symptoms. In a comparison with 726 infants who received oral propranolol for hemangioma but did not meet criteria for PHACE syndrome, there was no significant difference in the rate of serious adverse events experienced during treatment (0 of 76 patients with PHACE syndrome and 3 of 726 patients without PHACE syndrome [0.4%]).This study found that oral propranolol was used to treat infantile hemangioma in 76 patients with PHACE syndrome and that no serious adverse events were experienced. These data provide support for the safety of oral propranolol in this patient population.
Anti-tumour necrosis factor-α therapy and recurrent or new primary cancers in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, or psoriasis and previous cancer in Denmark: a nationwide, population-based cohort study
Authors: Akbar K Waljee, Peter D R Higgins, Camilla B Jensen, Marie Villumsen, Shirley A Cohen-Mekelburg, Beth I Wallace, Jeffrey A Berinstein, Kristine H Allin, Tine Jess
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2019)
Effect of CBT on Biased Semantic Network in Panic Disorder: A Multicenter fMRI Study Using Semantic Priming
Authors: Yunbo Yang, Ulrike Lueken, Jan Richter, Alfons Hamm, André Wittmann, Carsten Konrad, Andreas Ströhle, Bettina Pfleiderer, Martin J. Herrmann, Thomas Lang, Martin Lotze, Jürgen Deckert, Volker Arolt, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, Benjamin Straube, Tilo Kircher
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2019)

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been hypothesized to act by reducing the pathologically enhanced semantic, anxiety-related associations of patients with panic disorder. This study investigated the effects of CBT on the behavioral and neural correlates of the panic-related semantic network in patients with panic disorder.An automatic semantic priming paradigm specifically tailored for panic disorder, in which panic symptoms (e.g., "dizziness") were primed by panic triggers (e.g., "elevator") compared with neutral words (e.g., "bottle"), was performed during functional MRI scanning with 118 patients with panic disorder (compared with 150 healthy control subjects) before and 42 patients (compared with 52 healthy control subjects) after an exposure-based CBT. Neural correlates were investigated by comparing 103 pairs of matched patients and control subjects at the baseline (for patients) or T1 (for control subjects) assessment and 39 pairs at the posttreatment or T2 assessment.At baseline or T1, patients rated panic-trigger/panic-symptom word pairs with higher relatedness and higher negative valence compared with healthy control subjects. Patients made faster lexical decisions to the panic-symptom words when they were preceded by panic-trigger words. This panic-priming effect in patients (compared with control subjects) was reflected in suppressed neural activation in the left and right temporal cortices and insulae and enhanced activation in the posterior and anterior cingulate cortices. After CBT, significant clinical improvements in the patient group were observed along with a reduction in relatedness and negative valence rating and attenuation of neural activation in the anterior cingulate cortex for processing of panic-trigger/panic-symptom word pairs.The findings support a biased semantic network in panic disorder, which is normalized after CBT. Attenuation of anterior cingulate cortex activation for processing of panic-related associations provides a potential mechanism for future therapeutic interventions.
Association of Opioid Prescribing Patterns With Prescription Opioid Overdose in Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Kao-Ping Chua, Chad M. Brummett, Rena M. Conti, Amy Bohnert
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> Safe opioid prescribing practices are critical to mitigate the risk of prescription opioid overdose in adolescents and young adults. However, studies that examine opioid prescribing patterns associated with prescription opioid overdose have mostly focused on older adults. The generalizability of these studies to adolescents and young adults is unclear. <h3>Objective</h3> To identify opioid prescribing patterns associated with prescription opioid overdose in adolescents and young adults. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This retrospective cohort study assessed privately insured patients aged 12 to 21 years with opioid prescription claims in the IBM MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database between July 1, 2009, and October 1, 2017, and no cancer diagnosis. Data analysis was performed from January 1 to April 30, 2019. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The outcome was a treated opioid overdose as indicated by diagnosis codes. On the basis of days supplied, opioid prescription claims were converted to person-days (the unit of analysis) on which opioid exposure would occur if patients took medications as prescribed. Logistic regression with clustered SEs at the patient level was used to model the occurrence of overdose on a person-day as a function of daily opioid dosage category (&lt;30, 30-59, 60-89, 90-119, or ≥120 morphine milligram equivalents), concurrent benzodiazepine use, and extended-release or long-acting opioid use. Regressions controlled for demographic characteristics, year, opioid use within 180 days, and comorbidities (mental health disorder, substance use disorder, and other chronic condition). <h3>Results</h3> A total of 2 752 612 patients (mean [SD] age at cohort entry, 17.2 [2.5] years; 1 451 918 [52.8%] female) participated in the study. Patients had 4 686 355 opioid prescription claims, corresponding to 21 605 444 person-days. Overdose occurred on 255 person-days among 249 patients (0.01% of the sample). Each increase in daily opioid dosage category was associated with higher overdose risk (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.18; 95% CI, 1.05-1.31). Compared with no use, both concurrent benzodiazepine use (AOR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.24-2.71) and extended-release or long-acting opioid use (AOR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.16-3.46) were associated with increased overdose risk. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> The findings suggest that when prescribing opioids to adolescents and young adults, practitioners could potentially mitigate overdose risk by using the lowest effective daily dosage, avoiding concurrent opioid and benzodiazepine prescribing, and relying on short-acting opioids. Findings are broadly consistent with prior opioid safety studies focused on older adults.
Temporal updating, behavioral learning, and the phenomenology of time-consciousness
Authors: Genevieve Hayman, Bryce Huebner
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2019)

Abstract Hoerl &amp; McCormack claim that the temporal updating system only represents the world as present. This generates puzzles regarding the phenomenology of temporal experience. We argue that recent models of reinforcement learning suggest that temporal updating must have a minimal temporal structure; and we suggest that this helps to clarify what it means to experience the world as temporally structured.
Heme-Regulated Inhibitor (HRI) Activates Transcription Factor ATF4 to Promote BCL11A Transcription and Fetal Hemoglobin Silencing
Authors: Peng Huang, Scott A. Peslak, Xianjiang Lan, Eugene Khandros, Malini Sharma, Kunhua Qin, Cheryl A Keller, Belinda Giardine, Junwei Shi, Ross C. Hardison, Gerd A. Blobel
Journal: Blood (2019)
Abstract C31: The glycosaminoglycan syndecan-4 facilitates pancreatic cancer progression and biologic aggressiveness
Authors: Samantha McElyea, Murray Korc
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a treatment-recalcitrant malignancy that harbors several key driver mutations at a high frequency (e.g., KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A, and SMAD4&amp;lt;), as well numerous driver mutations that occur at a relatively low and variable frequency among patients with PDAC. Heparan-sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) constitute a large family of glycanated proteins that modulate numerous cellular processes and interact with components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and with heparin-binding growth factors such as heparin binding EGF-like growth factor (HBEGF) that activates the EGF receptor (EGFR) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) moieties. Syndecan-4 (SDC4) is a transmembrane HSPG that has critical roles in focal adhesion formation, cytoskeletal attachment, cell contractility and motility, and cell signaling, especially in relation to pathways activated by heparin-binding growth factors. To date, the role of SDC4 in PDAC has not been clearly elucidated. Yet, data from 1,034 PDAC samples in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) revealed that 19% of these samples exhibited altered SDC4 expression, a majority of which were either gain-of-function or amplification alterations often co-occurring with enhanced TGF-beta1 expression, thus underscoring the potential importance of SDC4 in PDAC. Given that TGF-beta1 increases SDC4 expression whereas SDC4 modulates TGF-beta1 actions and interacts with EGFR, we sought to test the hypothesis that SDC4 contributes to PDAC’s progression. Accordingly, we established a novel genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) of PDAC in which pancreas-specific Cre-mediated expression of oncogenic Kras was combined with deletion of a conditional Ink4a/Arf allele in the presence or absence of SDC4: Pdx1-Cre;LSL-KrasG12D;Ink4a/Arflox/lox;Sdc4-/-, termed KIS4-/-C mice. By comparison with control KIS4 animals, KIS4-/-C mice exhibited attenuated pancreatic tumor growth and markedly prolonged survival. There was attenuation of cancer cell proliferation in the tumors, as determined by Ki67 staining, as well as decreased desmoplasia as evidenced by Mason trichrome staining. By contrast, KIS4+/-C animals with heterozygous loss of SDC4 only exhibited a modest survival advantage by comparison with control KIS4 animals. Taken together, these findings suggest that strategies based on suppressing SDC4 expression and/or function may yield new therapeutic approaches in PDAC. (Supported in part by National Cancer Institute grant CA-075059 to M.K.) Citation Format: Samantha McElyea, Murray Korc. The glycosaminoglycan syndecan-4 facilitates pancreatic cancer progression and biologic aggressiveness [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Science and Clinical Care; 2019 Sept 6-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(24 Suppl):Abstract nr C31.
Trends in Reported Marijuana Vaping Among US Adolescents, 2017-2019
Authors: Richard A. Miech, Megan E. Patrick, Patrick M. O’Malley, Lloyd D. Johnston, Jerald G. Bachman
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Adolescents who vape use portable devices with a heating element to aerosolize a liquid that they inhale.Nicotine use is most common, but tetrahydrocannabinol (the principal psychoactive constituent of marijuana) can also be vaped.Marijuana vaping produces significantly greater physiological and psychological effects compared with traditional smoking methods at the same tetrahydrocannabinol levels, 1 raising concerns about potential health effects.This study reports the prevalence of marijuana vaping for 2019 among US adolescents and the prevalence increases between 2017, 2018, and 2019.Methods | Monitoring the Future 2 annually surveys nationally representative samples of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders between February and June.Each year schools from 368 randomly selected geographic units throughout the contiguous United States are sampled, with a school success-fully recruited from 90% of these units for 2017, 2018, and 2019.Student participation rates were 88% among 8th graders, 86% among 10th graders, and 80% among 12th graders.Analyses were based on the question "On how many days (if any) have you vaped marijuana?"with the time periods of "during the last 30 days," "during the last 12 months," and "in your lifetime."In 2019, the word "days" in the stem question replaced the word "occasions," which was used in 2017 and 2018.In 2019 "near-daily" marijuana vaping was measured for the first time and indicated use on "20+ days" during the past 30 days.A randomly selected two-thirds sample received the marijuana vaping questions in 2019, and a randomly selected one-third sample received the questions in 2017 and 2018.Analyses used version 15.1 of Stata MP software (StataCorp) with svy: commands to take into account the weights, clustering, and strata of the complex sampling design. 3Prevalence increases across adjacent years, as well as differences in magnitude of these increases during the study period, were tested for statistical significance with Wald tests using Table.Prevalence of Reported Marijuana Vaping by Grade and Year
Glutamine Links Obesity to Inflammation in Human White Adipose Tissue
Authors: Paul Petrus, Simon Lecoutre, Lucile Dollet, Clotilde Wiel, André Sulen, Hui Gao, Beatriz Tavira, Jurga Laurencikiene, Olav Rooyackers, Antonio Checa, Iyadh Douagi, Craig E. Wheelock, Peter Arner, Mark McCarthy, Martin O. Bergo, Laurienne Edgar, Robin P. Choudhury, Myriam Aouadi, Anna Krook, Mikael Rydén
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2019)
Automating sleep stage classification using wireless, wearable sensors
Authors: Alexander J. Boe, Lori L. McGee Koch, Megan K. O’Brien, Nicholas Shawen, John A. Rogers, Richard L. Lieber, Kathryn J. Reid, Phyllis C. Zee, Arun Jayaraman
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2019)

Polysomnography (PSG) is the current gold standard in high-resolution sleep monitoring; however, this method is obtrusive, expensive, and time-consuming. Conversely, commercially available wrist monitors such as ActiWatch can monitor sleep for multiple days and at low cost, but often overestimate sleep and cannot differentiate between sleep stages, such as rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM. Wireless wearable sensors are a promising alternative for their portability and access to high-resolution data for customizable analytics. We present a multimodal sensor system measuring hand acceleration, electrocardiography, and distal skin temperature that outperforms the ActiWatch, detecting wake and sleep with a recall of 74.4% and 90.0%, respectively, as well as wake, non-REM, and REM with recall of 73.3%, 59.0%, and 56.0%, respectively. This approach will enable clinicians and researchers to more easily, accurately, and inexpensively assess long-term sleep patterns, diagnose sleep disorders, and monitor risk factors for disease in both laboratory and home settings.
Stage IIb High Risk Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated in the H10 and AHL2011 Trials: Similar Efficacy of Both Strategies and Prognostic Impact of Baseline Tmtv and PET2 Response
Authors: Cédric Rossi, Marc André, Clémentine Joubert, Catherine Fortpied, Pauline Brice, Bénédicte Deau-Fisher, Herve Ghesquieres, Luc Mathieu Fornecker, Anne-Claire Gac, Julien Lazarovici, Aspasia Stamatoullas, John Raemakers, Massimo Federico, Marie Maerevoet, Sarah Bailly, Salim Kanoun, Michel Meignan, Anne Ségolène Cottereau, Rene-Olivier Casasnovas
Journal: Blood (2019)
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Incidence and Health Care Costs in the United States, 2016
Authors: Andrea E. Strahan, Gery P. Guy, Michele Bohm, Meghan Frey, Jean Y. Ko
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Increase in Incidence of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Among In-Hospital Birth in the United States—Reply