tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Neonatal Outcome Estimates on Decision-Making Preferences of Mothers Facing Preterm Birth
Authors: André Kidszun, Daniel Matheisl, Susanne Tippmann, Julia Inthorn, Seyed Hamidreza Mahmoudpour, Norbert W. Paul, Eva Mildenberger
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Extremely preterm infants born before a gestational age (GA) of 25 weeks are in a prognostic gray zone, 1 which means that outcomes are poor but not hopeless and that life-sustaining treatments are not obligatory.Treatment decisions are value-laden and challenging 2 and ought to be shared between parents and physicians while imperatively aligned with parental preferences. 3,4When counseling parents, physicians commonly present numerical outcome estimates 5 and may assume that parents derive their preferences from them.However, it is unknown whether probabilistic data affect parents' choices in prognostic gray zones. 6Here, we hypothesized that better or worse neonatal outcome estimates do not affect expectant mothers' preferences for life-sustaining treatments.Methods | This single-center, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial was performed from December 2017 to January 2019 (Trial Protocol in Supplement 1).Expectant mothers between a GA of 28 0/7 weeks and 36 6/7 weeks hospitalized because of impending premature birth were eligible for the study.Patients were randomly allocated to respond to either a case vignette of 60% or 30% survival rate.Written case vignettes included a detailed description of an impending preterm birth at 23 6/7 weeks (60% survival) or 22 6/7 weeks GA (30% survival) and were identical except from numerical data.Patients were asked to indicate a preference for lifesustaining treatments, palliative care, or no preference and to complete a short questionnaire.The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Rhineland-Palatinate Medical Association.Participants provided written informed consent before inclusion in the study.The study was registered at the German clinical trial database (identifier: DRKS00013034).A multinomial logistic regression was performed to determine the association between the case vignettes and mothers' preferences.A multivariate version was performed, including 6 variables in addition to the case vignettes (education, religiousness, marital status, previous children, fertility treatment, and age), with the stepwise backward selection method to identify the most influential variables on the mothers' preferences.Categorical variables were compared using a χ 2 test and continuous variables were compared using a t test; P < .05indicated statistical significance.For the primary outcome, a sample size of 64 patients was calculated to show with a power of 90% that the difference in the preference rates of life-sustaining treatment decisions was less than 30%.Results | A total of 64 patients were included in the analysis (Figure and Table).The 60% or 30% survival group was Supplemental contentFigure.
Abstract A35: <i>Methanobrevibacter</i> is associated with cervical dysplasia in Hispanics with HPV infections
Authors: Filipa Godoy-Vitorino, Josefina Romaguera
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Bacteria have been extensively associated with several disease phenotypes. Archaea, a major neglected component of the microbiome, accounts for a relatively small percentage of the microbiota and has mostly been studied in the gastrointestinal tract. We hypothesized that dysbiosis in the genital tract included changes in both bacterial and archaeal organisms according to human papillomavirus infections and levels of dysplasia. We analyzed 62 patient samples from recruited patients coming for colposcopy clinics at the UPR and San Juan City clinics (Puerto Rico). From these, 52 were HPV positive and 10 were HPV negative and were stratified according to cytology results. From genomic DNA extracted from cervical swabs, we sequenced 16S rRNA genes and selected 10 patient samples for additional shotgun metagenomics. The patients were grouped in those without epithelial lesions, CIN 1 and CIN3. DNA data analyses were done with shotgun and QIIME. Analyses of the 16S rRNA reads revealed 16 archaeal OTUs, revealing an abundance of Methanobrevibacter associated with CIN3 lesions. Shotgun data revealed Methanosarcina to be dominant across all samples with higher dominance in patients without lesions and an increased dominance in Methanobrevibacter and Methanococcus in CIN3 lesions. No archaeal significant differences were found according to HPV risk (HPV infection); however, a significant decrease in Lactobacilli was associated with dysplasia. We found that archaea are commensals of the cervical mucosa and may contribute to dysbioses. Acetoclastic Methanosarcina are dominant across samples, and CIN3 lesions revealed a higher dominance of hydrogenotrophic methanogens such as Methanobrevibacter. The significance of these preliminary results may indicate that archaea cannot be taken out of the ecological context for future cervical cancer prevention strategies. Grant support: Research reported in this abstract was partially supported by NIH National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities: RCMI Grant No. 2U54MD007600, an Institutional Development Award (IDeA) from the NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (Grant No. P20GM103475) and by the NIH/NIMHD Endowment program HiREC S21MD001830. Citation Format: Filipa Godoy-Vitorino, Josefina Romaguera. Methanobrevibacter is associated with cervical dysplasia in Hispanics with HPV infections [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Microbiome, Viruses, and Cancer; 2020 Feb 21-24; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(8 Suppl):Abstract nr A35.
The Case for Research-Informed Immigrant Health Policies Within Health Care Systems
Authors: Diana Montoya-Williams, Elena Fuentes-Afflick, Kate Wallis
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Altaf Saadi, MD, MSc; Uriel Sanchez Molina, BA; Andreé Franco-Vasquez, BA; Moira Inkelas, PhD, MPH; Gery W. Ryan, PhD
Reaching the first 90 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a programme to optimise HIV case finding through intensified index testing
Authors: Sarina Dane, Ayan Jha, Desire Dibulundu, Yves Ilunga, Tania Tchissambou, Bibola Ngalamulume-Roberts, Kieran Hartsough, Faustin Malele Bazola, Ellen Morrison, Susan Michaels-Strasser, Juliana Soares Linn
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2020)

BackgroundTo meet the first aim of the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets, to help end the global HIV epidemic, 90% of people living with HIV should know their status by 2020. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), however, UNAIDS estimates that less than 60% of people living with HIV know their status. To improve targeted HIV testing in Kinshasa and Haut-Katanga provinces of DRC, ICAP at Columbia University, New York, USA, launched an intensive index-testing programme in October, 2017. Here, we describe the programme and report testing yields before and after the intervention.MethodsOur programme increased efforts to elicit information on sexual partners from people who newly test HIV positive or who were receiving antiretroviral therapy (index clients). All index clients were counselled on options for partner notification and tracing, including using peer counsellors who can anonymously notify and test past sexual partners in the community or provide referral to health facilities. We recorded the number of people referred by index clients and describe HIV testing yield (the proportion of people referred by index clients who tested HIV positive) for both male and female clients older than 15 years. We used χ2 tests to compare the testing yield at the start of the intervention to that 10 months after the start of programme implementation.FindingsBetween Oct 1, 2017, and Sept 30, 2018, 2167 male index clients referred 2624 adult female partners (1·2 contacts per index client) of whom 770 (29·3%) tested HIV-positive; 5135 adult female index clients referred 2593 male partners (0·5 contacts per client) of whom 866 (33·4%) were HIV positive. HIV testing yield increased over the course of implementation. At the start of implementation (Oct 1 to Nov 30, 2017, a total of 60 days), 507 adult female partners of index clients were tested for HIV with a testing yield of 12% and 386 adult male partners were tested with a yield of 15%. Between August 1 and Sept 30, 2018 (a total of 60 days), 396 adult female partners were tested with a yield of 38·4% (pre vs post, p<0·0001) and 547 adult male partners were tested with a yield of 41·7% (p<0·0001).InterpretationThese results show the importance of index testing and partner notification in finding people who are living with HIV but unaware of their status. Identification of a client's sexual partners in the HIV testing service and conducting tracking and community-based HIV testing can improve HIV testing yield.FundingCDC and PEPFAR
Connecting clusters of COVID-19: an epidemiological and serological investigation
Authors: Sarah Ee Fang Yong, Danielle Elizabeth Anderson, Wycliffe E Wei, Junxiong Pang, Wan Ni Chia, Chee Wah Tan, Yee Leong Teoh, Priyanka Rajendram, Matthias Paul Han Sim Toh, Cuiqin Poh, Valerie T J Koh, Joshua Lum, Nur-Afidah Md Suhaimi, Po Ying Chia, Mark I-Cheng Chen, Shawn Vasoo, Benjamin Ong, Yee Sin Leo, Linfa Wang, Vernon J M Lee
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020)
Endoscopy in inflammatory bowel diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic period
Authors: Marietta Iacucci, Rosanna Cannatelli, Nunzia Labarile, Ren Mao, Remo Panaccione, Silvio Danese, Gursimran S Kochhar, Subrata Ghosh, Bo Shen
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2020)
A self-driven bioinspired nanovehicle by leukocyte membrane-hitchhiking for early detection and treatment of atherosclerosis
Authors: Guanghao Wu, Wei Wei, Jinfeng Zhang, Weidong Nie, Lan Yuan, Yuanyu Huang, Liping Zuo, Lili Huang, Xiaobo Xi, Hai-Yan Xie
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
ST-Segment Elevation in Patients with Covid-19 — A Case Series
Authors: Sripal Bangalore, Atul Sharma, Alexander Slotwiner, Leonid Yatskar, Rafael Harari, Binita Shah, Homam Ibrahim, Gary H. Friedman, Craig Thompson, Carlos L. Alviar, Hal L. Chadow, Glenn I. Fishman, Harmony R. Reynolds, Norma Keller, Judith S. Hochman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

ST-Segment Elevation in Covid-19 Eighteen patients with Covid-19 presented with ST-segment elevation on ECG or had it develop during hospitalization. Eight patients received a diagnosis of acute my...
Correcting the Scientific Record—Retraction and Replacement of a Report on Dialysis Ownership and Access to Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Howard Bauchner, Annette Flanagin, Phil B. Fontanarosa
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Jennifer C. Gander, PhD; Xingyu Zhang, PhD; Katherine Ross, MPH; Adam S. Wilk, PhD; Laura McPherson, MPH; Teri Browne, PhD; Stephen O. Pastan, MD; Elizabeth Walker, MS; Zhensheng Wang, PhD; Rachel E. Patzer, PhD, MPH
Clinical Characteristics of Isolated CNS Relapse after Allogeneic Transplantation for AML — Poor Outcomes Despite Longer Time to Relapse
Authors: Pavan Kumar Bhamidipati, Armin Ghobadi, Han Se-Young, Shivaprasad Manjappa, Feng Gao, Peter Westervelt, Geoffrey L. Uy, Camille N. Abboud, Mark A. Schroeder, John F DiPersio
Journal: Blood (2017)
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrostomy to avoid interposed digestive loop is effective when lack of transillumination prevents percutaneous approach
Authors: Juliette Maurel, Gaspard Bertrand, Florian Beoletto, Thierry Ponchon, Thomas Walter, Mathieu Pioche
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

We report a case of a 71-year-old woman suffering from an ileal neuroendocrine tumor with peritoneal carcinosis leading to an occlusive syndrome. This patient had previously undergone abdominal radiation therapy and ileostomy. In a multidisciplinary team discussion, a gastrostomy was proposed in order to reduce the obstructive symptoms of the carcinosis.
Detection of subclonal SETBP1 and JAK3 mutations in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia using droplet digital PCR
Authors: Manabu Wakamatsu, Yusuke Okuno, Norihiro Murakami, Shunsuke Miwata, Hironobu Kitazawa, Kotaro Narita, Shinsuke Kataoka, Daisuke Ichikawa, Motoharu Hamada, Rieko Taniguchi, Kyogo Suzuki, Nozomu Kawashima, Eri Nishikawa, Atsushi Narita, Nobuhiro Nishio, Seiji Kojima, Hideki Muramatsu, Yoshiyuki Takahashi
Journal: Leukemia (2020)
Clinical Characteristics of Pregnant Women with Covid-19 in Wuhan, China
Authors: Lian Chen, Qin Li, Danni Zheng, Hai Jiang, Yuan Wei, Li Zou, Ling Feng, Guoping Xiong, Guoqiang Sun, Haibo Wang, Yangyu Zhao, Jie Qiao
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Pregnant Women with Covid-19 in Wuhan, China Among 118 pregnant women with Covid-19 in Wuhan, China, the vast majority had a mild course of disease.
Unlike Paediatric T-ALL, Notch-1 and FBXW7 Mutations Do Not Seem to Predict a Better Outcome in Adult Patients: Data from the UKALLXII/ECOG2993 Protocol
Authors: Marc R Mansour, Maria Luisa Sulis, Veronique Duke, Letizia Foroni, Sarah Jenkinson, Christopher G Allen, Rosemary E Gale, Georgina Buck, Sue Richards, Elisabeth Paietta, Martin Tallman, Anthony H Goldstone, Jacob M. Rowe, Adolfo A. Ferrando, David C Linch
Journal: Blood (2008)
The Effects of Rituximab Added to Front-Line or Salvage Chemotherapy in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Undergoing High-Dose Chemotherapy (HDC) and Autologous Stem Cell Transplant (ASCT).
Authors: Umeer Ashraf, Ritika Mahajan, Theresa Hahn, Shannon L Smiley, Philip L. McCarthy, Zale P. Bernstein, Asher Alban Chanan-Khan, Minoo Battiwala, Myron S. Czuczman, Francisco J. Hernandez-Ilizaliturri
Journal: Blood (2008)
Genomic Landscape of Uterine Sarcomas Defined Through Prospective Clinical Sequencing
Authors: Martee L. Hensley, Shweta S. Chavan, David B. Solit, Rajmohan Murali, Robert Soslow, Sarah Chiang, Achim A. Jungbluth, Chaitanya Bandlamudi, Preethi Srinivasan, William D. Tap, Evan Rosenbaum, Barry S. Taylor, Mark T.A. Donoghue, David M. Hyman
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Purpose: We examined whether prospective molecular characterization of advanced metastatic disease can reveal grade and/or histology-specific differences to inform diagnosis and facilitate enrollment onto clinical trials. Experimental Design: Patients with uterine sarcoma consented to a prospective study of next-generation sequencing (NGS). Clinical annotations were extracted from their medical record. Tumor and matched normal DNA were subjected to NGS, and the genomic landscape was explored for survival correlations and therapeutic targetability. Results: Tumors from 107 women were sequenced and included leiomyosarcoma (n = 80), high-grade non-leiomyosarcoma (n = 22), low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS, n = 4), and smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP, n = 2). Genomic profiling influenced histologic diagnosis in three cases. Common uterine leiomyosarcoma alterations were loss-of-function mutations in TP53 (56%), RB1 (51%), and ATRX (31%). Homozygous deletions of BRCA2 were present in 5% of these patients. PTEN alteration frequency was higher in the metastases samples as compared with the primary samples. Genomes of low-grade tumors were largely silent, while 50.5% of high-grade tumors had whole-genome duplication. Two metastatic uterine leiomyosarcoma cases were hypermutated. Both had prolonged disease-free survival. Potentially actionable mutations were identified in 48 patients (45%), 8 (17%) of whom received matched therapy with 2 achieving clinical responses. Among patients with uterine leiomyosarcoma with somatic BRCA2 alterations, sustained partial responses were observed with PARP inhibitor–containing therapy. Discussion: Prospective genomic profiling can contribute to diagnostic precision and inform treatment selection in patients with uterine sarcomas. There was evidence of clinical benefit in patients with uterine leiomyosarcoma with somatic BRCA2 alterations treated with PARP inhibitors.
α‐メチルアシル‐CoAラセマーゼ(AMACR):代謝酵素,薬物代謝能および癌マーカーP504S
Authors: D Lloyd Matthew, Yevglevskis Maksims, Lee Guat Ling, J Wood Pauline, D Threadgill Michael, J Woodman Timothy
Journal: Progress in Lipid Research (2013)
Implications of Preoperative Patient Frailty on Stratified Postoperative Mortality
Authors: Eun Young Han, Xi Liang Ling, Zheyuan Chen
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Decreased microRNA-125b-5p disrupts follicle steroidogenesis through targeting PAK3/ERK1/2 signalling in mouse preantral follicles
Authors: Xiaoqian Zhang, Hua Xiao, Xueying Zhang, Qiukai E., Xuefeng Gong, Tingting Li, Yun Han, Xiaoyan Ying, Brian D. Cherrington, Boqun Xu, Xiaoqiu Liu, Xuesen Zhang
Journal: Metabolism (2020)
The Promise and Peril of Antibody Testing for COVID-19
Authors: Jennifer Abbasi
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Chenguang Shen, PhD; Zhaoqin Wang, PhD; Fang Zhao, PhD; Yang Yang, MD; Jinxiu Li, MD; Jing Yuan, MD; Fuxiang Wang, MD; Delin Li, PhD; Minghui Yang, PhD; Li Xing, MM; Jinli Wei, MM; Haixia Xiao, PhD; Yan Yang, MM; Jiuxin Qu, MD; Ling Qing, MM; Li Chen, MD; Zhixiang Xu, MM; Ling Peng, MM; Yanjie Li, MM; Haixia Zheng, MM; Feng Chen, MM; Kun Huang, MM; Yujing Jiang, MM; Dongjing Liu, MD; Zheng Zhang, MD; Yingxia Liu, MD; Lei Liu, MD
Improved survival following Hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis in the direct-acting antiviral therapy era in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Sichan He, Gregory Dore, Matthew Law, Valerio Heahter, Jason Grebely, Janaki Amin, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Jacob George, Mark Danta, Maryam Alavi
Journal: Hepatology (2019)
Association of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in the Gut Microbiome With Clinical Response to Treatment With Nivolumab or Pembrolizumab in Patients With Solid Cancer Tumors
Authors: Motoo Nomura, Ryosuke Nagatomo, Keitaro Doi, Juko Shimizu, Kiichiro Baba, Tomoki Saito, Shigemi Matsumoto, Koichi Inoue, Manabu Muto
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors has been remarkably effective for treating multiple cancer types, and the gut microbiome is a possible factor affecting immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy. However, the association between the gut microbiome and immune status of the tumor microenvironment remains unclear. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are major end product metabolites produced by the gut microbiota and have wide-ranging impacts on host physiology. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate fecal and plasma SCFAs in patients with solid cancer tumors treated with programmed cell death-1 inhibitors (PD-1i). <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This was a prospective cohort biomarker study of patients with cancer who planned therapy with PD-1i at Kyoto University Hospital between July 2016 and February 2019. Data were analyzed from October 2019 to February 2020. <h3>Exposures</h3> Patients who were treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab were classified into 2 groups based on their treatment response using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1: responders who achieved an objective response and nonresponders. Dietary information in terms of intake frequency was obtained. Concentrations of SCFAs in fecal and plasma samples collected before PD-1i administration were measured using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The concentration of SCFAs and progression-free survival. <h3>Results</h3> Among 52 patients enrolled, the median (range) patient age was 67 (27-84) years, and 23 (44%) were women. Median (range) duration of follow-up of the survivors after administration of PD-1i was 2.0 (0.4–4.1) years. The overall response rate was 28.8%. High concentrations of some SCFAs were associated with longer progression-free survival. These included fecal acetic acid (hazard ratio [HR], 0.29; 95% CI, 0.15-0.54), propionic acid (HR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.03-0.20), butyric acid (HR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.16-0.60), valeric acid (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.29-0.98), and plasma isovaleric acid (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.14-0.99). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Results of this study suggest that fecal SCFA concentrations may associated with PD-1i efficacy; thus, SCFAs may be the link between the gut microbiota and PD-1i efficacy. Because fecal examinations are completely noninvasive, they may be applicable for routine monitoring of patients.
Multicentric Clinical Audit of Chemotherapy Administration for Lymphoprolipherative Diseases in Day Hospital Patient Setting
Authors: Giuliana Emilia Muti, Chiara Rusconi, Anna Brizio, Mauro Turrini, Piera Viero, Carmela Iazzetta, Michela Terzi, Claudia Vener, Consuelo Corti, Fabio Giglio, Morena Nazzari, Cristina Fiamenghi, Enrica Morra
Journal: Blood (2008)
High Incidence of Asian Variant Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma (IVL) among IVL in Japan: Clinicopathologic Study of 95 Patients.
Authors: Takuhei Murase, Ritsuro Suzuki, Motoko Yamaguchi, Masataka Okamoto, Yumiko Sato, Jun-ichi Tamaru, Naoyoshi Mori, Tadashi Yoshino, Shigeo Nakamura
Journal: Blood (2004)
CDC37 As a Novel Target for the Treatment of NPM1-ALK Expressing Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphomas
Authors: Sudhakiranmayi Kuravi, Elizabeth Parrott, Siddhartha Ganguly, Anusha Vallurupalli, Yogenthiran Saunthararajah, Brian S Blagg, Jensen Roy, Joseph P. McGuirk, Ramesh Balusu
Journal: Blood (2017)
Detection of the United States Neisseria meningitidis urethritis clade in the United Kingdom, August and December 2019 – emergence of multiple antibiotic resistance calls for vigilance
Authors: Avril Brooks, Jay Lucidarme, Helen Campbell, Laura Campbell, Helen Fifer, Steve Gray, Gwenda Hughes, Aiswarya Lekshmi, Gabriel Schembri, Michael Rayment, Shamez N Ladhani, Mary E Ramsay, Ray Borrow
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2020)

Since 2015 in the United States (US), the US Neisseria meningitidis urethritis clade (US_NmUC) has caused a large multistate outbreak of urethritis among heterosexual males. Its 'parent' strain caused numerous outbreaks of invasive meningococcal disease among men who have sex with men in Europe and North America. We highlight the arrival and dissemination of US_NmUC in the United Kingdom and the emergence of multiple antibiotic resistance. Surveillance systems should be developed that include anogenital meningococci.