tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Forensic examiner who failed to examine two alleged rape victims has suspension extended by 12 months
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2019)

A forensic medical examiner who failed to examine suspected rape victims when asked to do so by police has seen her 10 month suspension from the medical register extended for a further year after she failed to attend a review hearing.

Rebecca Klein, also known as Rebecca Mawson, was expected to provide a medical practitioners’ tribunal with evidence that she had remedied her earlier failings, developed insight, and kept her skills up to date.

But when she was phoned by the General Medical Council a week before her review hearing and asked if she would attend, she said that she was unsure. When asked if she …
Immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 in early and late stage non-small cell lung cancer: Correlation with clinicopathological and molecular features
Authors: E. Kokkotou, V. Rapti, D. Grapsa, P. Bakakos, S. Papadopoulos, M. Bobos, K. Iliadis, K. Syrigos
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: The immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 protein has been evaluated as a predictor of prognosis and response to immunotherapy, with controversial results. We herein aimed to further study its clinical relevance in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: The clinical records, pathology and molecular reports of 152 patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed NSCLC, diagnosed with early-stage or metastatic disease, were retrospectively studied. The respective archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks were also retrieved for immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing. PD-L1 IHC was performed using the Ventana PD-L1 (SP263) assay on an automated staining system (Ventana BenchMark ULTRA), and the results were correlated with demographic, clinicopathological and molecular features of patients. Results: The most common subtype of NSCLC in our cohort was adenocarcinoma (82.2%). Overall, positive PD-L1 expression was observed in 47.4% of patients' samples. EGFR and KRAS mutations and ALK rearrangement were observed in 13.0%, 7.1% and 5.4% of patients, respectively. The percentage of PD-L1 positive expression was significantly higher in cases with malignant pleural effusion (p = 0.026), more advanced disease stage (p = 0.045) and positive lymph node status (p = 0.049). PD-L1 staining showed no association with molecular data. Correlation of PD-L1 expression with the presence of pleural effusion (OR: 4.57; 95% CI: 1.20 – 17.39; p = 0.026) and positive lymph node status (OR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.01 – 3.81; p = 0.048) was further confirmed in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Our study results support the independent correlation of positive expression of PD-L1 protein with adverse prognostic parameters and aggressive features, such as the presence of malignant pleural effusion and infiltrated lymph nodes. Legal entity responsible for the study: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
PS-195-Predicting long-term outcome after surgical biliary diversion in Bsep-deficiency patients: Results from the NAPPED consortium
Authors: Daan van Wessel, Richard Thompson, Tassos Grammatikopoulos, Agustina Kadaristiana, Irena Jankowska, Patryk Lipiński, Piotr Czubkowski, Emmanuel Gonzales, Emmanuel Jacquemin, Anne Spraul, Etienne Sokal, Mohammad Ali Shagrani, Dieter Clemens Broering, Talal Algoufi, Nejat Mazhar, Emanuele Nicastro, Deirdre Kelly, Gabriella Nebbia, Henrik Arnell, Björn Fischler, JBF Hulscher, Daniele Serranti, Cigdem Arıkan, Esra Polat, Dominique Debray, Florence Lacaille, Cristina Gonçalves, Loreto Hierro, Gema Muñoz Bartolo, Yael Mozer-Glassberg, Amer Azaz, Jernej Brecelj, Antal Dezsőfi, Pier Luigi Calvo, Enke Grabhorn, Ekkehard Sturm, Wendy van der Woerd, Binita M. Kamath, Jian-She Wang, Li Liting, Ozlem Durmaz, Bettina Hansen, Henkjan Verkade
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Abstract 14744: Resuscitation by Prehospital Transfusion With Hemoglobin Vesicles in Trauma Induced Hemorrhagic Shock / Coagulopathy Rabbits
Authors: Kohsuke Hagisawa, Manabu Kinoshita
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Several investigators reported that polymerization of hemoglobin creates larger Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers, may increase the likelihood of coagulopathy. Hypothesis: We have developed Hemoglobin vesicle (HbV) as an artificial substitute for Red blood cells (RBC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of HbV treatment during prehospital period in traumatic hemorrhagic shock / coagulopathy rabbits. Methods: Hemorrhagic shock / thrombocytopenia were induced in rabbits by repeated blood withdrawal (total 400ml) and isovolemic transfusion of autologous washed RBC. Liver penetrating injury led lethal oozing hemorrhage. Prehospital phase: Uncontrolled hemorrhage was compensated by isovolemic transfusion of allogenic RBC transfusion (n=8), HbV (n=8) or Platelet poor plasma (PPP) (n=5) for initial 30 minutes. In-hospital phase: Then, platelet rich plasma (PRP) administration stopped bleeding. Subsequently, final RBC transfusion (n=16) or PPP (n=5) was administered as much as same vo...
Utility of ctDNA to support patient selection for early phase clinical trials: the TARGET study
Authors: Dominic G. Rothwell, Mahmood Ayub, Natalie Cook, Fiona Thistlethwaite, Louise Carter, Emma Dean, Nigel Smith, Shaun Villa, Joanne Dransfield, Alexandra Clipson, Daniel White, Kamrun Nessa, Saba Ferdous, Matthew Howell, Avinash Gupta, Bedirhan Kilerci, Sumitra Mohan, Kris Frese, Sakshi Gulati, Crispin Miller, Allan Jordan, Helen Eaton, Nicholas Hickson, Ciara O’Brien, Donna Graham, Claire Kelly, Sreeja Aruketty, Robert Metcalf, Jaseela Chiramel, Nadina Tinsley, Alexander J. Vickers, Roopa Kurup, Hannah Frost, Julie Stevenson, Siobhan Southam, Dónal Landers, Andrew Wallace, Richard Marais, Andrew M. Hughes, Ged Brady, Caroline Dive, Matthew G. Krebs
Journal: Nature Medicine (2019)
FRI-108-Gut-derived GABA is strongly linked with cognitive impairment in cirrhosis
Authors: Jasmohan S Bajaj, Qinglong Wu, Andrew Fagan, Prapaporn Boonma, Edith Gavis, Melanie White, Aiswarya Aravamudhanramanujam, Michael Fuchs, Nazli Yalcinkaya, Binu John, Anthony Haag, Tor Savidge
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
SAT-431-Spleen stiffness measurement with ElastPQ point shear wave elastography has an excellent performance in predicting the presence of clinically significant portal hypertension in primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Francesca Saffioti, Davide Roccarina, Matteo Rosselli, Roberta Stupia, Aileen Marshall, Massimo Pinzani, Douglas Thorburn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
FRI-436-Congenital porto-systemic shunts in children: Preliminary results from the IRCPSS
Authors: Valérie McLin, Stéphanie Franchi-Abella, Dominique Debray, Simona Korff, Valeria Casotti, Michele Colledan, Lorenzo D’Antiga, Jean De Ville De Goyet, Ozlem Durmaz, Ebehard Lurz, Loreto Hierro, Ino Kanavaki, José Lipsich, Maria Lopez-Santamaria, Magnusson Maria, Yael Mozer-Glassberg, Md Ponce, Tudor Pop, Cr Prieto, Nathalie Rock, Xavier Stephenne, Sharat Varma, Barbara Wildhaber, Florent Guerin, Emmanuel Gonzales
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Abstract 14877: Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Children and Safety of Early Lipid-Lowering Treatment
Authors: Maria Sol Bellunghi, Marcio Miname, Cinthia E Jannes, Pãmela R Silva, Alexandre Pereira, Ana Paula Chacra, Wilson Salgado, Raul D Santos, Viviane Z Rocha
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The safety of lipid lowering therapy (LLT) in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) children ≤ 10-years-old, is unclear. Hypothesis: To show that LLT is safe in children and adolescents ...
Abstract 14607: Integration of Macrophage Cholesterol Efflux and Hepatic Cholesterol Uptake by Direct and Indirect Pathways in a Co-culture System for Reverse Cholesterol Transport in vitro
Authors: David Rhainds, Roberta D Carling, Masurel Aurélie, Boulé Marie, Eric Rhéaume, Jean-Claude Tardif
Journal: Circulation (2017)

The reverse cholesterol transport process is crucial for cholesterol homeostasis and has anti-atherogenic effects. We created an in vitro assay that allows for simultaneously measuring macrophage c...
68Ga-NOTA-Evans Blue TOF PET/MR Lymphoscintigraphy Evaluation of the Severity of Lower Limb Lymphedema
Authors: Guozhu Hou, Bo Hou, Yuanyuan Jiang, Zhaohui Zhu, Xiao Long, Xiaoyuan Chen, Wuying Cheng
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

This study was designed to investigate the role of Ga-NOTA-Evans Blue (NEB) time-of-flight (TOF) PET/MR in evaluating lower limb lymphedema by visual analysis and novel parameters.Thirteen patients with unilateral lower limb lymphedema were divided into 3 groups according to the clinical severity: minimal (4 patients), moderate (5 patients), and severe (4 patients). All patients underwent Ga-NEB TOF PET/MR lymphoscintigraphy. The ratio of the standardized uptake value (SUV) of superficial lymphatic vessel (SLV) versus SUV of deep lymphatic vessel (DVL) (SUVslv/dlv) was designed to assess the level of lymphedema severity. The correlation between lymphedema severity and lymphoscintigraphy findings was determined using 1-way analysis of variance, the t test, and Pearson correlation analysis.There was a significant difference in the SUVslv between the affected limbs and normal limbs in all subjects (affected limbs: 0.57 ± 0.32, normal limbs: 1.86 ± 1.43; P < 0.05), which was not found in the SUVdlv (affected limbs: 0.64 ± 0.39, normal limbs: 0.63 ± 0.31; P > 0.1). The SUVslv/dlv of the affected limbs showed statistical differences within the 3 groups (P < 0.05) (minimal group: 1.91 ± 0.45; moderate group: 0.84 ± 0.16; severe group: 0.42 ± 0.11). The statistical analysis revealed a negative correlation between SUVslv/dlv and the severity of lymphedema (r = -0.899; P < 0.01).Ga-NEB TOF PET/MR lymphoscintigraphy can provide anatomical and functional information of lymphatic vessels to guide surgery plans. SUVslv/dlv was well correlated with clinical lymphedema severity and might be potential in evaluating bilateral lower limb lymphedema.
An open-label, randomized phase III study of early switch maintenance vs delayed second-line nivolumab in advanced stage squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after standard first-line platinum-based chemotherapy: EDEN trial
Authors: F. Gelsomino, M. Tiseo, L. Boni, L. Cavanna, A. Camerini, R. Chiari, C. Verusio, M. Tognetto, A. Ardizzoni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Squamous non-small cell lung cancer (Sq-NSCLC) represents 20-30% of all NSCLC with a disappointing median overall survival (OS). In the last decades, first-line chemotherapy (Ctx) for advanced Sq-NSCLC has not changed and the standard of care remains a platinum-based regimen (cisplatin or carboplatin) combined with gemcitabine, vinorelbine or taxanes for up to 4-6 cycles. In non-squamous NSCLC, maintenance therapy (MTx) by continuing pemetrexed as single-agent after induction treatment has led to a 3-months improvement in OS. On the contrary, no randomized study has shown a significant benefit from MTx in Sq-NSCLC patients (pts), yet. More recently, nivolumab has become the standard of care as second line therapy. Unfortunately, 30-40% of Sq-NSCLC pts do not have access to second-line therapy because of rapid progression and decline of performance status (PS). Nivolumab as switch MTx would represent a strategy to anticipate its use, allowing more patients to benefit from immune check-points inhibitors. Trial design: Eligible pts: age ≥18, stage IIIB/IV or recurrent Sq-NSCLC, no disease progression (PD) after 4-6 cycles of first-line platinum-based Ctx, ECOG PS ≤ 2, no symptomatic and/or progressive treated brain metastases, good bone marrow, liver and renal functions. 388 pts will be randomized 1:1 to Nivolumab flat dose 240 mg i.v (Arm A) every 2 weeks or best supportive care (BSC) followed by Nivolumab 240 mg i.v at PD (Arm B), and stratified by centre and tumor response to first-line induction Ctx (complete response and partial response vs stable disease). Pts enrolled into Arm A will receive Nivolumab until PD or intolerable toxicity; at PD, they will be treated with Ctx according to local policy. Patients enrolled into Arm B will receive Nivolumab only after radiologic evidence of PD. Nivolumab treatment beyond initial PD will be allowed in both arms. Primary endpoint: OS. Secondary end-points: progression-free survival (PFS), PFS from induction (PFS-ind), time to treatment failure (TTF) and OS from induction (OS-ind). At January 5th 2019, 49 pts were enrolled. Clinical trial identification: NCT03542461. Legal entity responsible for the study: Gruppo Oncologico Italiano di Ricerca Clinica (GOIRC), Parma, Italy. Funding: BMS. Disclosure: L. Cavanna: Personal fees for serving in a consultant and/or advisory role: Astrazeneca, Merck; Honoraria: Celgene, Pfizer, Ipsen. A. Ardizzoni: Research grant support: BMS, Celgene; Personal fees for serving in a consultant and/or advisory role: BMS, MSD, Boehringer Ingelheim; Honoraria: Eli Lilly, Pfizer. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
One stage posterior debridement, non-structural bone graft in the surgical treatment of single segment thoracic tuberculosis: A retrospective single-center cohort study
Authors: Xing Du, Yun-sheng Ou, Yong Zhu, Zeng-hui Zhao, Wei Luo, Bin He, Qi-qi Peng, Jian-yu Hu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2019)

To compare the clinical efficacy of non-structural with structural bone graft in the surgical treatment of single segment thoracic tuberculosis after one stage posterior debridement. 61 patients with single segment thoracic tuberculosis treated by one stage posterior debridement, bone graft fusion and internal fixation were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 35 cases were admitted from 2015 to 2017 in the non-structural bone graft group and 26 cases were admitted from 2011 to 2015 in the structural bone graft group. The visual analogue scale (VAS), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein (CRP), neurological function, operation time, operative blood loss, hospital stay, correction and loss of Cobb angle, bone graft fusion time and complications were recorded and analyzed. Compared with structural bone graft group, the operation time of non-structural bone graft group was shorter and the operative blood loss was less, but the hospital stay was longer (P < 0.05). With the follow-up of 14–44 months, the VAS score, ESR, CRP and neurological function in the two groups were both improved (P < 0.05). The correction and loss of Cobb angle in the non-structural bone graft group were both smaller than those in the structural bone graft group (P < 0.05). The bone graft fusion time of the non-structural bone graft group was significantly shorter than the structural bone graft group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the incidence of complications between the two groups (n.s.). Non-structural bone graft has less surgical trauma and shorter bone fusion time compared with structural bone graft in the surgical treatment of single segment thoracic tuberculosis. The two methods may achieve comparable clinical efficacy in alleviating symptoms, correcting kyphosis and improving neurological function for appropriate cases.
Abstract P190: Hypertension, Hypertension Awareness and Depressive Symptom Severity in a Large Hispanic Population
Authors: Emily Goldmann, Eric T Roberts, Bernadette Boden-Albala
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Limited evidence suggests that greater psychological distress among those with elevated blood pressure may be due to awareness or labeling of this condition rather than elevated blood pressure itself. However, studies have not examined this phenomenon among specific race/ethnic groups, among whom chronic disease and disease diagnoses may have varied psychological impact due to group-specific cultural, social, and health-related factors. Hypothesis: Hispanic adults with a lifetime hypertension (HTN) diagnosis will have elevated depression symptom severity compared to those without a diagnosis, regardless of current HTN status. Methods: As part of a large community survey of health and health behaviors, 3,403 Hispanic adults residing in Northern Manhattan were assessed for past month depression symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire (range 0-27). Systolic and diagnostic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) was calculated as the average of the last two of three sphygmomanometer readings. Using JNC 7 criteria, current HTN was defined as SBP≥140 mmHg or DBP≥90 mmHg. Participants were also asked to report whether they had ever been diagnosed with HTN by a health professional, and were categorized into four groups: (1) no diagnosis, no current HTN, (2) no diagnosis, current HTN, (3) diagnosis, no current HTN, (4) diagnosis, current HTN. Analysis of variance evaluated the overall association between HTN group and mean depression score. Multivariable linear regression further examined differences in mean depression score by HTN group adjusting for age, sex, marital status, education, and insurance status. Results: More than half of participants had no diagnosis and no current HTN (group 1: 56.6% [1,889 of 3,332]), while 27.4% (912 of 3,332) had HTN but no diagnosis (group 2), 5.7% (187 of 3,332) had a diagnosis but no HTN (group 3), and 10.3% (344 of 3,332) had HTN and a diagnosis (group 4). Mean depression score was higher among those with a diagnosis compared to those without (group 1=0.86, group 2=1.48, group 3=0.78, group 4=1.76, p&lt;0.01). In the adjusted regression model, only groups with a diagnosis had significant, albeit modestly, higher mean depression scores compared to group 1, and mean depression score did not differ significantly between these groups (group 2: beta=0.43, p&lt;0.01; group 3: beta=-0.11, p=0.66; group 4: beta=0.72, p&lt;0.01). Sensitivity analyses that varied the definition of HTN and restricted to those with no other chronic disease yielded similar results. Conclusions: This study supports previous work highlighting the psychological impact of HTN diagnosis and extends this evidence to Hispanic adults. Findings from this study may have important implications for clinical practice and strategies to improve mental health among those with chronic illness.
Primary mucinous carcinomas of the lung: Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes
Authors: A.G.F. Thottian, G.K. Babu, L. Dasappa, L.A. Jacob, S.M. Babu, K.N. Lokesh, A.H. Rudresha, L.K. Rajeev, S. Saldanha, G. Gv
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Invasive mucinous carcinoma (IMA) is a distinct histopathologic variant of adenocarcinomas of lung comprising about 2 – 10%. A large proportion of IMAs carry KRAS mutations and only rarely EGFR mutations or ALK/ROS translocations, thus most cases are not amenable for targeted therapy at present. This study was conducted to elicit the unique clinico-pathological characteristics of IMA. Methods: Medical records of patients diagnosed with IMA by needle biopsy at Kidwai Cancer Institute, Bangalore from 2013 to 2018 were retrieved, clinical presentations and treatment outcomes were reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0. Results: 490 cases of needle biopsy of lung were done at our institute between 2013 and 2018. Nine cases (1.8%) were diagnosed as IMA. The median age was 59 years (range 49 – 76 years). The male female ratio was 2:1. Six (66.7%) were current smokers with pack year greater than 20. The median symptom duration before diagnosis was 3 months. Three (33.3%) of the cases were initially misdiagnosed as pneumonia in view of CT findings of pneumonia-like multifocal consolidative appearance. Lung was the most common site of metastasis (77.8%). Serum CEA was elevated in six cases (66.7%). None of the cases had any mutations in EGFR gene or ALK and ROS1 translocations. All cases were treated with Pemetrexed-Carboplatin followed by Pemetrexed maintenance till progression. 5 (55.6%) patients had stable disease, 3 (33.3%) had partial response and 1 (11.1%) had progressive disease after three months of therapy. Median PFS was 12 months (Range 3 – 18 months). Docetaxel was given as second line chemotherapy in all progressed patients. Best response noted was stable disease; seen in 4 (57.1%) cases. Median PFS with docetaxel was 6 months (range 3- 8 months). Median overall survival 16 months (range 9 - 27 months). Patients with progressive disease had serial rise in Serum CEA. Conclusions: IMA is rarely diagnosed on needle biopsies due to insufficient tissue for characterisation. They mimic pneumonia on imaging thus delaying diagnosis. EGFR mutations, ALK and ROS1 translocations are usually negative. Response to chemotherapy is modest. Serum CEA may be used as a tumor marker for response assessment. Legal entity responsible for the study: Kidwai Cancer Institute. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Monitoring tumour burden and therapeutic response through analysis of circulating tumour DNA and extracellular RNA in multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Sridurga Mithraprabhu, Rachel Morley, Tiffany Khong, Anna Kalff, Krystal Bergin, Jay Hocking, Ioanna Savvidou, Kathryn M. Bowen, Malarmathy Ramachandran, Kawa Choi, Boris Ka Leong Wong, John Reynolds, Andrew Spencer
Journal: Leukemia (2019)
Association of pharmacogenetic variants with progressive disease in osteosarcoma patients.
Authors: Hanneke I. Vos, Marieke J.H. Coenen, Hans Gelderblom, Eveline S.J.M de Bont, Winette T.A. Van Der Graaf, Leontien C. M. Kremer, Henk-jan Guchelaar, Dunja Maroeska W.M. Te Loo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

10057 Background: Despite treatment, some osteosarcoma patients have refractory/progressive disease and a very poor prognosis. We have previously identified genetic markers predictive for disease free survival. We hypothesize that osteosarcoma patients with refractory/progressive disease have a pharmacogenetic profile different from patients with recurrent disease. To investigate this, we have analyzed these subgroups of patients using a large scale screening including 1,936 genetic markers in 231 drug metabolism and transport genes. Methods: Germline DNA of Dutch osteosarcoma patients treated with cisplatin and doxorubicin-based chemotherapy (n = 316) was genotyped with the DMET Plus array. Patients with refractory/progressive disease (primary tumor growth/ growth or development of new metastases, up to 3 months post chemotherapy) were compared to control patients (without refractory/progressive disease or recurrence), as were patients with recurrent disease (local or distant relapse). Associations between genetic variants and refractory/progressive disease or recurrent disease were assessed by logistic regression models in PLINK. Results: 710 markers and 310 patients passed quality control. Of 280 eligible patients, 36 experienced progression and 76 recurrence. In multivariate association analyses of genetic variants and refractory/progressive disease or recurrent disease, adjusted for presence of primary metastases, sex and age at diagnosis, 25 genetic markers were significantly associated (P< 0.05) with refractory/progressive disease. Of these, 18 genetic variants in 13 genes were uniquely associated with refractory/progressive disease and not with recurrent disease in this cohort. Conclusions: This is the first pharmacogenetic analysis of osteosarcoma patients to distinguish between refractory/progressive disease and recurrent disease. In this exploratory study we have identified genetic variants specifically associated with refractory/progressive disease in osteosarcoma patients. This analysis represents the first step to identify patients for whom chemotherapeutic treatment is ineffective and should be further explored in future studies.