tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sorafenib versus transarterial chemoembolization as adjuvant therapies for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and microvascular invasion.
Authors: Xinyu Bi, Jie Gao, Jianqiang Cai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

244 Background: Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a risk factor for poor prognosis following curative resection in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Currently, there is no standard of care for patients with HCC and MVI. The present study compared the effectiveness of sorafenib and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) as adjuvant therapies following hepatic resection in patients with early and intermediate-stage HCC and MVI. Methods: This bi-center retrospective study examined 70 patients with HCC and MVI treated by hepatic resection between June 2009 and March 2018. Twenty-four patients received no postoperative adjuvant therapy (control), 19 received TACE and 27 received sorafenib. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared by the log-rank test. Results: Subjects consisted of 62 males and 8 females, with a median age of 53.5 (range, 28-82) years. The median follow-up was 26.0 (range, 4.1-103.1) months. RFS in the sorafenib group was significantly improved compared with the TACE group (P=0.048), but not with the control group. OS in the sorafenib group was significantly improved compared with both TACE (P=0.015; 2-year OS: 100% vs. 78.6%) and control (P=0.023; 2-year OS: 100% vs. 80.0%) groups. Conclusions: Adjuvant sorafenib following hepatic resection improved OS in patients with HCC and MVI and might be a better choice than adjuvant TACE.
Association of Rotavirus Vaccination With the Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes in Children
Authors: Kirsten P. Perrett, Kim Jachno, Terry M. Nolan, Leonard C. Harrison
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Kirsten P. Perrett, MBBS, FRACP, PhD; Kim Jachno, BSc, MBiostat; Terry M. Nolan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FAFPHM, FAHMS; Leonard C. Harrison, MBBS, MD, DSc, FRACP, FRCPA, FAHMS
What is the best first-line treatment for POEMS syndrome: autologous transplantation, melphalan and dexamethasone, or lenalidomide and dexamethasone?
Authors: Hao Zhao, Xu-fei Huang, Xue-min Gao, Hao Cai, Lu Zhang, Jun Feng, Xin-xin Cao, Dao-bin Zhou, Jian Li
Journal: Leukemia (2019)

POEMS syndrome is a rare plasma cell dyscrasia. This study compared the responses to and survival of 347 POEMS syndrome patients given three first-line treatment regimens: autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT, N = 165) and melphalan + dexamethasone (MDex, N = 79), or lenalidomide + dexamethasone (LDex, N = 103). After a median 45-month follow-up, overall hematologic complete remission (CRH) was 46.4%, vascular endothelial growth factor complete remission (CRV) was 55.1%, and neurological remission (RN) was 93.8%. CRH was better with ASCT (49.7%) than with MDex (37.7%, p = 0.001). CRV was better with ASCT (66.2%) than with MDex (38.5%, p = 0.001) or LDex (47.7%, p = 0.008). Differences in RN achieved by three regimens (91.5% vs. 100% vs. 93.8%, p = 0.234) were not significant. Overall 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 80.5% and overall 3-year overall survival (OS) was 90.8%. PFS was 87.6% with ASCT and 64.9% with LDex (p = 0.003). OS in the three regimens did not differ (p = 0.079). In medium-high risk patients, ASCT had better CRH and CRV than MDex, and better PFS than LDex. Therefore, although all three treatments had reasonable responses and survivals, patients with higher risk may benefit more from ASCT treatment.
Effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on prognosis in resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer with venous involvement.
Authors: Minako Nagai, Masayuki Sho, Takahiro Akahori, Kenji Nakagawa, Kota Nakamura, Tadataka Takagi, Toshihiro Tanaka, Hideyuki Nishiofuku, Kimihiko Kichikawa, Naoya Ikeda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

343 Background: The efficacy of neoadjuvant treatment for pancreatic cancer (PC) remains to be established. In this study, we have retrospectively evaluated the impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiothrapy (NACRT) on perioperative and long-term clinical outcome in PC. Methods: One hundred eighty one patients who preoperatively received full-dose gemcitabine (1000mg/m 2 ) with concurrent radiation of 54 Gy between 2006 and 2017 were analyzed. One hundred forty nine patients who proposed upfront surgery were served as control. Results: Among the 181 patients treated with NACRT, 23 (13%) couldn’t undergo pancreatic resection after NACRT because of distant metastasis in 10, tumor progression in 7 and poor PS in 6. While among the 149 patients who proposed upfront surgery, 10 (7%) couldn’t undergo pancreatic resection at laparotomy, because of distant metastasis in 8 and tumor progression in 2. In overall survival analysis of all patients with resected and unresected tumor, patients treated with NACRT had a better prognosis than those without (median survival time: 37.0 vs. 27.1M, P = 0.049). According to tumor resectability status including R (resectable), BR-P (borderline resectable with venous involvement) and BR-A (borderline resectable with arterial involvement) PC, in the R and BR-P group, overall survival was significantly better in the patients with NACRT (45.7 vs. 33.8M, P = 0.049, 61.7 vs. 14.6M, P = 0.002). Also only for resected tumors, patients treated with NACRT had a better prognosis than those without in the R and BR-P group (53 vs. 36.5M, P = 0.033, 61.7 vs. 14.6M, P = 0.002), while NACRT had no significant impact on prognosis in the BR-A group. The rate of pancreatic fistula, delayed gastric emptying and abdominal abscess were lower in the NACRT group than the control group. Furthermore, the lymph node metastasis rate, R0 resection rate and pathological stage were favorable in the NACRT group (P &lt; 0.001, P = 0.005, P &lt; 0.001). The completion rate of adjuvant chemotherapy was also higher in the NACRT group (P = 0.001). Conclusions: NACRT had a variety of favorable impact in PC treatment. In particular, it significantly improved the prognosis in the R and BR-P, but not BR-A.
Long-term effects of an oral elemental nutritional supplement on post-gastrectomy body weight loss in gastric cancer patients.
Authors: Kazuhiro Nishikawa, Yutaka Kimura, Kentaro Kishi, Kentaro Inoue, Jin Matsuyama, Yusuke Akamaru, Shigeyuki Tamura, Ryohei Kawabata, Junji Kawada, Yoshitomo Yanagimoto, Tomono Kawase, Mari Takagi, Junichi Fukui, Atsushi Takeno, Chika Fujii, Takeshi Yamada, Toshio Shimokawa, Hiroshi Imamura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

94 Background: Postoperative weight loss could have a negative effect on quality of life and prognosis of gastric cancer patients. We have already shown that daily nutritional intervention with an oral elemental diet (ED) attenuated the short-term postoperative percentage of body weight loss (% BWL) in post-gastrectomy patients, especially in underwent total gastrectomy (TG). This study was conducted to evaluate the postoperative long-term BWL of nutritional intervention. Methods: This study was conducted in a cohort of consecutive patients which were randomly allocated to receive the control or ED diet in the original trial. Control group received the regular diet alone after gastrectomy, while ED group received 300 kcal of ED plus their regular diet for 6–8 weeks. The primary endpoint was the % BWL from the presurgical bodyweight to that at 1 year after surgery by surgical type. Secondary endpoints were changes in nutrition-related blood parameters. Results: One hundred six of registered patients in the original trial were eligible for efficacy analyses. There was not significant difference in the % BWL between the two groups (9.13 ± 7.72 % vs. 7.09 ± 7.49 %, respectively; p = 0.171). The % BWL at one year after surgery was significantly lower in ED group than in control group among patients who underwent TG (n = 19 and 17, respectively; 9.66 ± 5.98% vs. 15.11 ± 6.78%, respectively; p = 0.015), but not in patients who underwent distal gastrectomy (DG) (n = 38 and 32, respectively; 5.81 ± 7.91% vs. 5.96 ± 6.20%, respectively; p = 0.933). A multivariate analysis revealed that only type of gastrectomy was independently associated with % BWL at 1 year after surgery. And in total gastrectomy, ED administration was independently associated with % BWL. Total lymphocyte count in ED group increased more than that in control group at 1 year after surgery. Conclusions: Nutritional intervention with ED at 300 kcal per day for 6–8 weeks reduced body weight loss at 1 year as well as 6-8 weeks after surgery in patients who underwent total gastrectomy. Clinical trial information: 000023455.
Abstract 20071: Clinical Benefits of New P2y12 Inhibitors According to Renal Function in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: The Results of Korean Myocardial Infarction-Nih Registry
Authors: Yongwhi Park, Choong Hwan Kwak, Jin Yong Hwang, Myung Ho Jeong, Ki-Soo Park, Rock Bum Kim
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Clinical benefits of new P2Y12 inhibitors according to renal function have been rarely clarified in real clinical world. Methods: Patients were derived from 11,608 consecutive patients ...
Highlights of AHA Scientific Sessions 2018: a report from the Scientists of Tomorrow
Authors: Jyoti Patel, Anke Smits
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2019)

For the first time, the 2018 annual scientific meeting of the American Heart Association (AHA) held in Chicago, Illinois, 10-12 November, 2018 was abbreviated from the original 5 days to a 3-day meeting.It received positive feedback, allowing clinicians and scientists to attend the meeting over the weekend and be able to return to their workplace early in the week.It featured a variety of late-breaking science, workshops, poster and abstract sessions, and career development events, valuable for early career clinicians and scientists in the Cardiovascular field.The opening session delivered by Dr Ivor Benjamin, President of the AHA, emphasized the importance of strong mentors and diversity on the impact and advancement throughout the field of cardiology.He also discussed the impact of this on his own career track, highlighting the fact that African American men account for only 3% of cardiologists in the USA and the need to bridge this gap.For young community members this session was very inspiring and encouraging, in relation to mentoring and supporting junior colleagues and the significance of inclusion and diversity leading to a healthier work and training environment.As members of the Scientists of Tomorrow (SoTs), representing the young cardiovascular scientist community within the European Society of Cardiology, 1 we had the opportunity to extend our collaboration with the ATVB Early Career Committee (ECC) 2 and the AHA Genomic and Precision Medicine ECC. 3 The SoTs co-organized a basic science session with the ATVB ECC, chaired by Dr Anke Smits and Dr Nicholas Leeper on 'Emerging Concepts in Cardiovascular Disease', featuring early career researchers from both Europe and the USA (Figure 1).From Europe, Yael Nossent provided an excellent overview of the role of small nucleolar (sno)RNA's in cardiovascular disease (CVD) while the group of Florian Leuschner presented their recent data on the cardiac niche in monocyte activation.The final presentation in the session by Dr Jaiswal showed how clonal haematopoiesis is involved in an increased risk of coronary heart disease.Overall the session was a great opportunity to showcase novel concepts from both sides of the pond.Following on from the successful CRISPR-cas9 bootcamp session at the ESC congress 2018 and Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology congress 2018, the SoTs co-organized another interactive hands-on session with the AHA Genomic and Precision Medicine ECC on 'Tackling Big Data: Network Systems Analysis for High Throughput Data Interpretation'.This very insightful session enabled attendees to work on comparing omics datasets using ontology analysis tools and get advice on the analysis of big datasets.
Flexural Eruption Associated With Arsenic Trioxide Therapy in a Patient With Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Authors: Victor A. Teran, Barbara B. Wilson, Darren J. Guffey
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
PD-1 Inhibitor Combinations As Salvage Therapy for Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (MM) Patients Progressing after Bcma-Directed CAR T Cells
Authors: Luca Bernabei, Alfred L. Garfall, J. Joseph Melenhorst, Simon F Lacey, Edward A. Stadtmauer, Dan T. Vogl, Vanessa Gonzalez, Gabriela Plesa, Regina M Young, Adam Waxman, Bruce L Levine, Carl H June, Michael C. Milone, Adam D. Cohen
Journal: Blood (2018)
Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide Versus MTX-CSA As Gvhd Prophylaxis in HLA-Identical Sibling HSCT
Authors: Rebeca Bailén, Maria-Jesús Pascual, Pascual Balsalobre, Anabel Gallardo-Morillo, Abel García-Sola, David Serrano, Javier Anguita, Ismael Buño, Nieves Dorado Herrero, Laura Solán, Jose Díez-Martín, Mi Kwon
Journal: Blood (2018)
Satisficing as an alternative to optimality and suboptimality in perceptual decision making
Authors: Antonio Mastrogiorgio, Enrico Petracca
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2018)

Abstract Rahnev &amp; Denison's (R&amp;D) critique of optimality in perceptual decision making leads either to implicitly retaining optimality as a normative benchmark or disregarding the normative approach altogether. We suggest that “bounded rationality,” and particularly the “satisficing” criterion, would help dispense with optimality while salvaging normativity. We also suggest that satisficing would provide a parsimonious and robust explanation for perceptual behavior.
Reply to Jae Heon Kim and Benjamin I. Chung's Letter to the Editor re: Teemu J. Murtola, Heimo Syvälä, Teemu Tolonen, et al. Atorvastatin Versus Placebo for Prostate Cancer Before Radical Prostatectomy—A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial. Eur Urol 2018;74:697–701
Authors: Teemu J. Murtola, Heimo Syvälä, Jarno Riikonen
Journal: European Urology (2019)
Cefiderocol: A Siderophore Cephalosporin with Activity Against Carbapenem-Resistant and Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli
Authors: George G. Zhanel, Alyssa R. Golden, Sheryl Zelenitsky, Karyn Wiebe, Courtney K. Lawrence, Heather J. Adam, Temilolu Idowu, Ronald Domalaon, Frank Schweizer, Michael A. Zhanel, Philippe R. S. Lagacé-Wiens, Andrew J. Walkty, Ayman Noreddin, Joseph P. Lynch III, James A. Karlowsky
Journal: Drugs (2019)
Self-reactive CD4+ IL-3+ T cells amplify autoimmune inflammation in myocarditis by inciting monocyte chemotaxis
Authors: Atsushi Anzai, John E. Mindur, Lennard Halle, Soichi Sano, Jennifer L. Choi, Shun He, Cameron S. McAlpine, Christopher T. Chan, Florian Kahles, Colin Valet, Ashley M. Fenn, Manfred Nairz, Sara Rattik, Yoshiko Iwamoto, DeLisa Fairweather, Kenneth Walsh, Peter Libby, Matthias Nahrendorf, Filip K. Swirski
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2019)

Acquisition of self-reactive effector CD4+ T cells is a major component of the autoimmune response that can occur during myocarditis, an inflammatory form of cardiomyopathy. Although the processes by which self-reactive T cells gain effector function have received considerable attention, how these T cells contribute to effector organ inflammation and damage is less clear. Here, we identified an IL-3–dependent amplification loop that exacerbates autoimmune inflammation. In experimental myocarditis, we show that effector organ–accumulating autoreactive IL-3+ CD4+ T cells stimulate IL-3R+ tissue macrophages to produce monocyte-attracting chemokines. The newly recruited monocytes differentiate into antigen-presenting cells that stimulate local IL-3+ CD4+ T cell proliferation, thereby amplifying organ inflammation. Consequently, Il3−/− mice resist developing robust autoimmune inflammation and myocardial dysfunction, whereas therapeutic IL-3 targeting ameliorates disease. This study defines a mechanism that orchestrates inflammation in myocarditis, describes a previously unknown function for IL-3, and identifies IL-3 as a potential therapeutic target in patients with myocarditis.
Cyclophosphamide Exerts Significant Immunomodulatory Function in Myeloma Patients Treated with Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone
Authors: James Croft, Andrew Hall, Katrina Walker, Amy L Sherborne, Kevin Boyd, Mamta Garg, Charlotte Pawlyn, Debbie Sherratt, Sadie Reed, William E Pierceall, Gordon Cook, Anjan Thakurta, Sarah R Brown, Martin Kaiser
Journal: Blood (2018)
Clarification of Reporting of Outcome Measures and Protocol Deviations in Report of a Randomized Clinical Trial—Reply
Authors: Anneleen Malfliet, Jeroen Kregel, Iris Coppieters
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Women’s Ischemic Syndrome Evaluation
Authors: Sharonne N. Hayes, Terry Long, Mary M. Hand, John R. Finnegan, Harry P. Selker
Journal: Circulation (2004)

N umerous studies have found that women have poorer outcomes than men after a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including myocardial infarction (MI) and unstable angina.Explanations have included gender differences in pathophysiology and response to treatment, prehospital delays in symptom recognition and action, and gender differences in emergency medical services (EMS) evaluation and treatment.Recent reports of similar or better outcomes in women with ACS compared with men suggest that pathophysiological differences can be overcome with early, aggressive therapy. 1,2Therefore, a focus on improving symptom recognition by women and their healthcare providers and on reducing prehospital delay has the potential to increase the proportion of women with ACS who are eligible for this aggressive treatment.
Abstract B08: Targeting NOTCH activation in small cell lung cancer through LSD1 inhibition
Authors: Arnaud Augert, Emily Eastwood, Ali H. Ibrahim, Nan Wu, Eli Grunblatt, Ryan Basom, Keith D. Eaton, Renato Martins, John Poirier, Charles M. Rudin, Francesca Milletti, Fiona Mack, David MacPherson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant, lethal tumor type for which little change to first-line standard-of-care treatment has been made over the last few decades. Unlike non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), SCLC harbors few actionable mutations for therapeutic intervention. Activation of NOTCH signaling impairs neuroendocrine differentiation and suppresses SCLC, but there are no therapeutic strategies to activate NOTCH in SCLC. LSD1 inhibitors were previously shown to have selective activity in SCLC models, but the underlying mechanism was unknown. Here we demonstrate that exposure to the highly potent and selective LSD1 inhibitor, RG6016/ORY1001, induces NOTCH pathway activation, resulting in the suppression of ASCL1, a regulator of neuroendocrine cell state critical for SCLC oncogenesis. LSD1 binds to the NOTCH1 locus, modulating NOTCH1 expression in SCLC cells. In vivo, sensitivity to LSD1 inhibition in SCLC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models correlates with the extent of NOTCH pathway activation and repression of a neuroendocrine phenotype. LSD1 inhibition represents a novel therapeutic approach to target the activation of NOTCH and suppression of ASCL1 in SCLC. Citation Format: Arnaud Augert, Emily Eastwood, Ali H. Ibrahim, Nan Wu, Eli Grunblatt, Ryan Basom, Keith D. Eaton, Renato Martins, John Poirier, Charles M. Rudin, Francesca Milletti, Fiona Mack, David MacPherson. Targeting NOTCH activation in small cell lung cancer through LSD1 inhibition [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR-IASLC International Joint Conference: Lung Cancer Translational Science from the Bench to the Clinic; Jan 8-11, 2018; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2018;24(17_Suppl):Abstract nr B08.
E-cigarettes help twice as many smokers quit as nicotine replacement therapy, trial finds
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Electronic cigarettes were more effective than nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in helping smokers to quit in a UK randomised trial, nearly doubling the one year abstinence rate.1

“This is the first trial to test the efficacy of modern e-cigarettes in helping smokers quit,” said the lead author, Peter Hajek, professor of clinical psychology and director of the Health and Lifestyle Research Unit at Queen Mary University of London. “E-cigarettes were almost twice as effective as the ‘gold standard’ combination of nicotine replacement products.”

E-cigarettes are increasingly used for quitting smoking, but limited evidence exists for their effectiveness when compared with nicotine products approved for quitting smoking.

“Although a large number of smokers report that they have quit smoking successfully with the help of e-cigarettes, health professionals have been …