tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mode of delivery and survival in babies weighing less than 2000 g at birth
Authors: D D Mathews
Journal: BMJ (1981)

not helped by the above measures or for patients in whom the fourth sacral root is menaced.This approach bascd on painstaking attention to applied anatomy, clinical observa- tion, and, in 'the case of epidural local anaesthesia, simple good luck has provided a rational and effective way of dealing with this common problem.This contrasts strongly with the muddle which passes for rational treatment throughout the United Kingdom.The "orthodox" treatments consist of:(1) Useless treatments: heat (and now ultraviolet light), massage, and exercises.Where is the evidence for their effectiveness ?(2) "Correct" treatments done wrongly.Traction given intermittently or only once or twice a week.Manipulation done under anaesthesia-how does the manipulator know he has produced an effective manoeuvre?Epidurals using the wrong local anaesthetic in too small a volume via the wrong route.(3) "Correct" treatments given for the wrong lesion.Traction for hard or irreducible displacements.Manipulation for soft lesions.Epidurals for reducible lesions.Laminectomy for lesions which would respond to con- servative treatment.( 4) Everything (manipulation, traction, epidurals, not forgetting heat and exercises) for all cases of sciatica.
Hemodynamic regulation of perivalvular endothelial gene expression prevents deep venous thrombosis
Authors: John D. Welsh, Mark H. Hoofnagle, Sharika Bamezai, Michael Oxendine, Lillian Lim, Joshua D. Hall, Jisheng Yang, Susan Schultz, James Douglas Engel, Tsutomu Kume, Guillermo Oliver, Juan M. Jimenez, Mark L. Kahn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2019)

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and secondary pulmonary embolism cause approximately 100,000 deaths per year in the United States. Physical immobility is the most significant risk factor for DVT, but a molecular and cellular basis for this link has not been defined. We found that the endothelial cells surrounding the venous valve, where DVTs originate, express high levels of FOXC2 and PROX1, transcription factors known to be activated by oscillatory shear stress. The perivalvular venous endothelial cells exhibited a powerful antithrombotic phenotype characterized by low levels of the prothrombotic proteins vWF, P-selectin, and ICAM1 and high levels of the antithrombotic proteins thrombomodulin (THBD), endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR), and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI). The perivalvular antithrombotic phenotype was lost following genetic deletion of FOXC2 or femoral artery ligation to reduce venous flow in mice, and at the site of origin of human DVT associated with fatal pulmonary embolism. Oscillatory blood flow was detected at perivalvular sites in human veins following muscular activity, but not in the immobile state or after activation of an intermittent compression device designed to prevent DVT. These findings support a mechanism of DVT pathogenesis in which loss of muscular activity results in loss of oscillatory shear-dependent transcriptional and antithrombotic phenotypes in perivalvular venous endothelial cells, and suggest that prevention of DVT and pulmonary embolism may be improved by mechanical devices specifically designed to restore perivalvular oscillatory flow.
A Systematic Literature Review on the Burden of Illness in Lower-Risk Transfusion-Dependent Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Sohan Deshpande, Monica Turner, Michael Byrnes, Christopher Pelligra, Amy Rines-MacEachern, Madhura Chitnis, Austin Kulasekararaj, Derek Tang, Jessica Morison, Esther Natalie Oliva
Journal: Blood (2019)
Graduate Medical Education in the United States
Authors: John C. Nunemaker
Journal: JAMA (1961)

THIS is the 35th Annual Report on Graduate Medical Education in the United States, consisting of a statistical and narrative analysis of the performance of approved programs during the academic year from 1960 to 1961. Most of the data were reported by hospitals as of Sept. 1, 1960, and are therefore one year old. With this issue, the<i>Internship and Residency Number</i>ofThe Journalhas again undergone a radical change. The<i>Internship and Residency Number</i>will no longer contain the detailed lists of approved programs, the "Essentials of an Approved Internship," and the "Essentials of Approved Residencies," the requirements of the American Specialty Boards, or the details of the National Intern Matching Program (NIMP) as was true for last year. Because of continual increase in size of the<i>Internship and Residency Number</i>, it has become necessary to discontinue publishing the entire mass of material in one issue ofThe
Antidepressants and the Risk of Suicidal Behaviors
Authors: Corrado Barbui
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Classical Monocyte Deficiency Calculated By the Mono-Index Can Predict Mortality in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients
Authors: Vinicius Campos de Molla, Matheus Vescovi Gonçalves, Elisa Y Kimura, Vergilio Colturato, Maura V Ikoma, Victor Gottardello Zecchin, Adriana Seber, Nelson Hamerschlak, Vanderson Rocha, Yana Novis, Mihoko Yamamoto, Marcio Nucci, Celso Arrais-Rodrigues
Journal: Blood (2019)
High-Dose Topotecan, Melphalan and Cyclophosphamide (TMC) with Autologous Stem Cell Support for Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Syed MA Kazmi, Floralyn L Mendoza, Donna Weber, Michael L Wang, Chitra Hosing, Issa F. Khouri, Paolo Anderlini, Marcos De Lima, Partow Kebriaei, Uday R Popat, Richard E Champlin, Sergio A Giralt, Muzaffar H. Qazilbash
Journal: Blood (2008)
PATH-40. PROFILING PLEOMORPHIC XANTHROASTROCYTOMA WITH DNA METHYLATION AND EXPLORING THE TUMOR IMMUNE CELL-TYPE COMPOSITION WITH METHYLATION-BASED DECONVOLUTION
Authors: Karen Tang, David Kurland, Varshini Vasudevaraja, Jonathan Serrano, Alireza Radmanesh, Matija Snuderl
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract INTRODUCTION Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare type of brain tumor that commonly affects children and young adults. PXAs are typically characterized by tumor lymphocytic infiltration, but the significance of the tumor immune microenvironment has not yet been well-defined. In this study, we correlated DNA methylation profiling of PXAs with clinical outcome and explored the tumor microenvironment by analyzing inflammatory cell populations. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 30 tumor samples, of which 21 tumor samples from 18 subjects had a diagnosis of PXA both by DNA methylation and by histology. MethylCIBERSORT was used to deconvolute PXA inflammatory cell populations and compare them with inflammatory cell populations in previously published cohorts of IDH wildtype glioblastoma and ganglioglioma samples. RESULTS Median age at diagnosis was 16 years (range 7–32). 3-year and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 73% and 71% respectively. CDKN2A/B deletion was noted in 15 out of 18 subjects (83%). 10 out of the 12 subjects (83%) that had testing for BRAFV600E showed the mutation. CDKN2A/B deletion and Trisomy 7 did not show any significant association with overall survival (p = 0.39 and p = 0.69). Decreased survival was observed in subjects with tumors lacking the BRAFV600E mutation (p = 0.03). PXAs were observed to have significantly increased CD8 T-cell epigenetic signatures compared to gangliogliomas (p = 0.0019) and significantly increased CD8 T-cell and CD19 B-cell signatures compared to IDH wildtype glioblastomas (p = 0.0011 and p = 0.0011). CONCLUSION This research suggests that PXAs have a distinct methylation profile that correlates with clinical outcome. PXAs show significant upregulation of CD8 T-cell epigenetic signatures compared to gangliogliomas and significant upregulation of CD8 T-cell and CD19 B-cell epigenetic signatures compared to IDH wildtype glioblastomas. This distinct characterization of immune cell-types in PXAs could have an impact on future development of immunotherapy.
EXTH-64. EVALUATION THE COMBINATION EFFECT OF RADIATION AND FOCUSED ULTRASOUND IN TREATMENT OF BRAIN TUMOR MODEL ANIMALS
Authors: Chiungyin Huang, Kuochen Wei
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract The standard treatment of malignant brain tumor is surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemo/radiotherapy. However, in spite of these aggressive treatments, tumor may still recur and resulting in poor survival. In solid tumors, the hypoxia condition presented in most of tumor area may contribute to treatment failure in both adjuvant therapies. It had been proven that systemic delivered oxygen may not sufficient for ionizing radiation to produce cytotoxic effect. A recent study reported using focused ultrasound combined with oxygen-contained microbubbles prior to radiation significantly increased the oxygen content in breast cancers and statistically improved animal survival. Therefore, providing sufficient oxygen in tumor area may be beneficial for radiation therapy. To study the potential role of such strategy for brain tumor treatment, we used focused ultrasound to treat brain tumor bearing animals before radiation therapy. As compared with non-ultrasound treatment groups, the tumor growth rate was significantly inhibited, and the animal survival is prolonged. Furthermore, we found focused ultrasound combined with non-oxygen-containing microbubbles also represented similar results, demonstrate the focused ultrasound induced cerebral vascular permeability increment may also contribute to the radiation therapy effect for brain tumor treatment.
Metastable Atrial State Underlies the Primary Genetic Substrate for MYL4 Mutation-Associated Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Zaniar Ghazizadeh, Tuomas Kiviniemi, Sigurast Olafsson, David Plotnick, Manu E. Beerens, Kun Zhang, Leah Gillon, Michael J. Steinbaugh, Victor Barrera, Shannan Ho Sui, Andreas A. Werdich, Sunil Kapur, Antti Eranti, Jarmo Gunn, Juho Jalkanen, Juhani Airaksinen, Andre G. Kleber, Maija Hollmén, Calum A. MacRae
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinical arrhythmia and is associated with heart failure, stroke, and increased mortality. The myocardial substrate for AF is poorly understood because of limited access to primary human tissue and mechanistic questions around existing in vitro or in vivo models. Methods: Using an MYH6:mCherry knock-in reporter line, we developed a protocol to generate and highly purify human pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes displaying physiological and molecular characteristics of atrial cells. We modeled human MYL4 mutants, one of the few definitive genetic causes of AF. To explore non–cell-autonomous components of AF substrate, we also created a zebrafish Myl4 knockout model, which exhibited molecular, cellular, and physiologic abnormalities that parallel those in humans bearing the cognate mutations. Results: There was evidence of increased retinoic acid signaling in both human embryonic stem cells and zebrafish mutant models, as well as abnormal expression and localization of cytoskeletal proteins, and loss of intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide + hydrogen. To identify potentially druggable proximate mechanisms, we performed a chemical suppressor screen integrating multiple human cellular and zebrafish in vivo endpoints. This screen identified Cx43 (connexin 43) hemichannel blockade as a robust suppressor of the abnormal phenotypes in both models of MYL4 (myosin light chain 4)–related atrial cardiomyopathy. Immunofluorescence and coimmunoprecipitation studies revealed an interaction between MYL4 and Cx43 with altered localization of Cx43 hemichannels to the lateral membrane in MYL4 mutants, as well as in atrial biopsies from unselected forms of human AF. The membrane fraction from MYL4-/- human embryonic stem cell derived atrial cells demonstrated increased phospho-Cx43, which was further accentuated by retinoic acid treatment and by the presence of risk alleles at the Pitx2 locus. PKC (protein kinase C) was induced by retinoic acid, and PKC inhibition also rescued the abnormal phenotypes in the atrial cardiomyopathy models. Conclusions: These data establish a mechanistic link between the transcriptional, metabolic and electrical pathways previously implicated in AF substrate and suggest novel avenues for the prevention or therapy of this common arrhythmia.
Pathological Heterotopic Ossifications in Brain or Spinal Cord Injured Patients: From Ectopic Bone to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche Development
Authors: Frédéric Torossian, Bernadette Guerton, Adrienne Anginot, Nassim Arouche, Laetitia Boutin, Denis Clay, Nathalie Rochet, Christophe Desterke, Erica Vlachos, Guillaume Genet, Philippe Denormandie, François Genet, Jean-Pierre Levesque, Jean-Jacques Lataillade, Marie-Caroline Le Bousse-Kerdiles
Journal: Blood (2016)
NIMG-73. NEUROLOGICAL ASSESSMENT IN NEURO-ONCOLOGY (NANO) CORRELATES WITH INTEGRATED PREDICTIVE RADIOGRAPHIC BIOMARKERS OF PROGRESSED HIGH GRADE ASTROCYTIC TUMORS (IPROMPT): A PROPOSED SUPPLEMENT TO RANO
Authors: Na Tosha Gatson, Shane Bross, Laura Lockard, Erika Leese, Jesse Manikowski, Anand Mahadevan, , Andrew Conger, Gino Mongelluzzo
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract This year nearly 86,000 persons in the US will be diagnosed with a primary brain tumor. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest and most common of these tumors in adults with overall survival around 15mos. Disease progression is inevitable, and effective second-line therapies are few. Delays in identifying progressed GBM risks neurologic decline, continuation of ineffective therapies, and increased tumor-mutational-burden, potentially rendering treatment less-effective. Brain tumor imaging can be ambiguous and is an active topic in neuro-oncology as there are currently no validated approaches to assessment of tumor treatment response. We present a single institution database including 622 gross-totally-resected GBMs (2006–2018) to evaluate changes in T2/FLAIR signal intensity (T2FSI), diffusion restriction, and contrast enhancement both in and around the resection cavity (RC) to determine earliest indicators of tumor progression. Analysis of NANO score was completed to correlate with predicted tumor progression. This is an early data release of an ongoing two-phased retrospective/prospective study with findings that support a novel integration of radiographic sequences and NANO to supplement established RANO criteria in earlier detection of GBM progression. Of 622 confirmed GBMs, 158 fit the rigorous criteria – included here are 58 cases. We report 70% (n=41) of patients show RC T2FSI correlating with restricted diffusion and increasing NANO score (0.5–1.4) as early as 3.8mos prior to and at time of radiographic progression, respectively. Previous studies have reported similar T2FSI but without associated NANO, less rigid inclusion criteria, and limited MRI sequences. We also report imaging phenomena, not previously described, such as FLAIR migration and FLAIR coring timed closely with progression. The proposed technique uses routine MRI, therefore readily standardized in clinical practice. With further validation, this novel integration of imaging and neurologic assessment might serve to supplement existing response criteria in GBM and improve clinician confidence in earlier detection of progression.
p53 Mediated Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Expansion Supports Acute Myeloid Leukemia Development
Authors: Rasoul Pourebrahimabadi, Zoe Alaniz, Lauren B Ostermann, Hung Alex Luong, Rafael Heinz Montoya, Peter P. Ruvolo, Steven M. Kornblau, Joseph D. Khoury, Carlos E. Bueso-Ramos, Michael Andreeff
Journal: Blood (2019)
Universal' Fratricide-Resistant CAR T Cells Against T Cell Leukemia Generated By Coupled &amp; Uncoupled Deamination Mediated Base Editing
Authors: Christos Georgiadis, Jane Rasaiyaah, Soragia Athina Gkazi, Roland Preece, Annie Etuk, Abraham Christi, Waseem Qasim
Journal: Blood (2019)
PATH-29. POTENTIAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY IN ONCOLOGICAL NEUROSURGERY
Authors: Felix Kleine Borgmann, Andreas Husch, Redouane Slimani, Finn Jelke, Giulia Mirizzi, Karoline Klein, Michel Mittelbronn, Frank Hertel
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract Raman spectroscopy (RS) has gained increasing interest for the analysis of biological tissues within the recent years. It is a label-free, non-destructive method providing insights in biochemical properties of tumor cells. It is possible to compare RS signals with histological properties of identical tissue parts. Therefore, RS bears promising potentials in neurosurgical neurooncology. On one hand, it could potentially be used for both intraoperative tumor diagnostics and resection control. On the other hand, it could provide important knowledge on tumor biochemistry and used for a subclassification of tumors with a potential impact on personalized therapy approaches. Within our group, we analyzed over 3000 measurement points in different brain tumors ex vivo with a robotized RS system and correlated the spectral curves with histopathological results. We separated and subclassified the data by AI-based methods. Additionally, we compared the latter results with those of a handheld probe, which is potentially navigatable for in vivo, intraoperative applications. We could demonstrate, that it is possible to separate distinct tumor groups only based on RS signals, especially by using computer-based signal analysis. Furthermore, we could demonstrate the differences of the spectra of deep-frozen and formalin-fixed tissues versus non-fixed tissues. Based on our results, we will highlight the potentials of RS for intraoperative neurosurgical application in resection control for brain tumors, as well as we will focus on the potentials for brain tumor diagnostics based purely on this method or by using it as an adjunct. Those methods bear additional potentials in the field of personalized chemotherapy approaches.
Waldenström Macroglobulinemia with Excess Plasma Cells: Is It a Distinct Entity?
Authors: Saurabh Zanwar, Jithma P. Abeykoon, Rebecca L. King, Hong Fang, Stephen M Ansell, Morie A. Gertz, Robert A. Kyle, Thomas M. Habermann, David Dingli, David J Inwards, Francis K. Buadi, Ronald S. Go, Grzegorz Nowakowski, Angela Dispenzieri, Martha Q. Lacy, Thomas E. Witzig, Eli Muchtar, Wilson I Gonsalves, Yi Lin, S. Vincent Rajkumar, Shaji K. Kumar, Prashant Kapoor
Journal: Blood (2019)
Abstract 15874: Women Have a Higher 5-Year Risk of Stroke After Intervention for Carotid Stenosis Than Men
Authors: Niveditta Ramkumar, Bjoern D Suckow, Todd A MacKenzie, Art Sedrakyan, Philip P Goodney, Jeremiah R Brown
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Stroke is the third leading cause of death in women. Yet, the gender-specific use and efficacy of endovascular (CAS) or surgical (CEA) repair for carotid stenosis remains unknown. Hypot...
A Small-Molecule Inhibitor Targeting TRIP13 Suppresses Multiple Myeloma Progression
Authors: Yingcong Wang, Jing Huang, Bo Li, Han Xue, Guido Tricot, Liangning Hu, Zhijian Xu, Xiaoxiang Sun, Shuaikang Chang, Lu Gao, Yi Tao, Hongwei Xu, Yongsheng Xie, Wenqin Xiao, Dandan Yu, Yuanyuan Kong, Gege Chen, Xi Sun, Fulin Lian, Naixia Zhang, Xiaosong Wu, Zhiyong Mao, Fenghuang Zhan, Weiliang Zhu, Jumei Shi
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

The AAA-ATPase TRIP13 drives multiple myeloma progression. Here, we present the crystal structure of wild-type human TRIP13 at a resolution of 2.6 Å. A small-molecule inhibitor targeting TRIP13 was identified on the basis of the crystal structure. The inhibitor, designated DCZ0415, was confirmed to bind TRIP13 using pull-down, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance-binding assays. DCZ0415 induced antimyeloma activity in vitro, in vivo, and in primary cells derived from drug-resistant patients with myeloma. The inhibitor impaired nonhomologous end joining repair and inhibited NF-κB activity. Moreover, combining DCZ0415 with the multiple myeloma chemotherapeutic melphalan or the HDAC inhibitor panobinostat induced synergistic antimyeloma activity. Therefore, targeting TRIP13 may be an effective therapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma, particularly refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings identify TRIP13 as a potentially new therapeutic target in multiple myeloma.
PARP Inhibitors Are Effective in IDH1/2 Mutant MDS and AML Resistant to Targeted IDH Inhibitors
Authors: Rana Gbyli, Yuanbin Song, Wei Liu, Yimeng Gao, Namrata S Chandhok, Xiaoying Fu, Xiaman Wang, Amisha Patel, Ranjini Sundaram, Toma Tebaldi, Giulia Biancon, Anastasia Ardasheva, Ashley Qin, Mukhtar Sadykov, Padmavathi Mamillapalli, Richard Flavell, Thomas Prebet, Ranjit Bindra, Stephanie Halene
Journal: Blood (2019)
Relative Depletion of Soluble Interleukin 6 Receptors Abolished the Development of Cytokine Release Syndrome after CART19/22 and Lenalidomide Treatment for Lymphoma
Authors: Caixia Li, Changfeng Zhang, Xiaochen Chen, Ying Zhang, Jia Chen, Liqing Kang, Xiaoyan Lou, Jin Zhou, Xiangping Zong, Zhen Yang, Jiaqi Li, Wei Qi, Lei Yu, Depei Wu
Journal: Blood (2019)
The Impact of Different Mobilization Strategies in the Setting of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Francesco Mazziotta, Gabriele Buda, Nadia Cecconi, Giulia Cervetti, Lorenzo Iovino, Enrico Orciuolo, Matteo Pelosini, Edoardo Benedetti, Francesco Caracciolo, Giovanni Carulli, Sara Galimberti, Mario Petrini
Journal: Blood (2019)
Establishment of a Predictive Model of GvHD-Free, Relapse-Free Survival after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Using a Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Junya Kanda, Yasuyuki Arai, Tadakazu Kondo, Takayuki Ishikawa, Yasunori Ueda, Kazunori Imada, Takashi Akasaka, Akihito Yonezawa, Kazuhiro Yago, Masaharu Nohgawa, Naoyuki Anzai, Toshinori Moriguchi, Toshiyuki Kitano, Mitsuru Itoh, Nobuyoshi Arima, Tomoharu Takeoka, Mitsumasa Watanabe, Hirokazu Hirata, Kosuke Asagoe, Masanori Miyanishi, Isao Miyatsuka, Le My An, Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
Journal: Blood (2019)