tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cause-Specific Mortality Following Initial Chemotherapy in a Population-Based Cohort of Patients With Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma, 2000-2016
Authors: Graça M. Dores, Rochelle E. Curtis, Nicole H. Dalal, Martha S. Linet, Lindsay M. Morton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

Mortality for patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) treated during an era characterized in the United States by widespread use of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine and diminishing use of radiotherapy is not well understood.We identified 20,007 individuals diagnosed with stage I/II (early) or III/IV (advanced) cHL between age 20 and 74 years treated with initial chemotherapy in US population-based cancer registries during 2000-2015 (follow-up through 2016). We used standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) to compare cause-specific relative mortality risk following cHL to that expected in the general population and estimated excess absolute risks (EARs; per 10,000 patient-years) to quantify disease-specific death burden.We identified 3,380 deaths in the cHL cohort, including 1,321 (39%) not attributed to lymphoma. Overall, noncancer SMRs were increased 2.4-fold (95% CI, 2.2 to 2.6; observed, 559; EAR, 61.6) and 1.6-fold (95% CI, 1.4 to 1.7; observed, 473; EAR, 18.2) for advanced- and early-stage cHL, respectively, compared with the general US population. SMRs and EARs differed substantially by cause of death and cHL stage. Among the highest EARs for noncancer causes of death were those for heart disease (EAR, 15.1; SMR, 2.1), infections (EAR, 10.6; SMR, 3.9), interstitial lung disease (ILD; EAR, 9.7; SMR, 22.1), and adverse events (AEs) related to medications/drugs (EAR, 7.4; SMR, 5.0) after advanced-stage cHL and heart disease (EAR, 6.6; SMR, 1.7), ILD (EAR, 3.7; SMR, 13.1), and infections (EAR, 3.1; SMR, 2.2) after early-stage cHL. Strikingly elevated SMRs for ILD, infections, and AEs were observed < 1 year after cHL. Individuals age 60-74 years with advanced-stage cHL experienced a disproportionate excess of deaths as a result of heart disease, ILD, infections, AEs, and solid tumors.Despite evolving cHL treatment approaches, patients continue to face increased nonlymphoma mortality risks from multiple, potentially preventable causes. Surveillance, early interventions, and cHL treatment refinements may favorably affect patient longevity, particularly among high-risk subgroups.
Assisted dying: doctors challenge RCGP’s “irrational” interpretation of poll
Authors: Richard Hurley
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) has been threatened with legal proceedings unless it reconsiders its “irrational” decision to continue to oppose any change in UK law to permit assisted dying.

The college had said on 21 February that its 2019 membership survey did not present a mandate to change its stance opposing assisted dying.1 Critics argue that most respondents voted for the college to change its position from opposition and that a neutral position would best reflect the results.

The survey, run by Savanta ComRes from 29 October to 15 December 2019, had 6674 respondents, a 13% response rate. Of these, 47% (3144) said that the RCGP should oppose a change in the law, 40% (2684) said that …
Study of Sr–Ca–Si-based scaffolds for bone regeneration in osteoporotic models
Authors: Qianju Wu, Xiao Wang, Fei Jiang, Ziyuan Zhu, Jin Wen, Xinquan Jiang
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2020)

Bone tissue engineering has emerged as a promising alternative therapy for patients who suffer bone fractures or defects caused by trauma, congenital diseases or tumours. However, the reconstruction of bone defects combined with osteoporosis remains a great challenge for clinicians and researchers. Based on our previous study, Ca-Si-based bioceramics (MSCs) showed enhanced bone formation capabilities under normal conditions, and strontium was demonstrated to be therapeutic in promoting bone quality in osteoporosis patients. Therefore, in the present study, we attempted to enlarge the application range of MSCs with Sr incorporation in an osteoporotic bone regeneration model to evaluate whether Sr could assist in regeneration outcomes. In vitro readout suggested that Sr-incorporated MSC scaffolds could enhance the expression level of osteogenic and angiogenic markers of osteoporotic bone mesenchymal stem cells (OVX BMSCs). Animal experiments showed a larger new bone area; in particular, there was a tendency for blood vessel formation to be enhanced in the Sr-MSC scaffold group, showing its positive osteogenic capacity in bone regeneration. This study systematically illustrated the effective delivery of a low-cost therapeutic Sr agent in an osteoporotic model and provided new insight into the treatment of bone defects in osteoporosis patients.
Efficacy and safety of ixekizumab after switching from fumaric acid esters or methotrexate in patients with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis naïve to systemic treatment
Authors: A. Leutz, A. Pinter, D. Thaçi, M. Augustin, C. Schuster, K. Fotiou, H.P. Hundemer, D. Saure, U. Mrowietz, K. Reich
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)
Co-delivery of homoharringtonine and doxorubicin boosts therapeutic efficacy of refractory acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Doudou Yan, Hui Wei, Xinning Lai, Yangyang Ge, Shilin Xu, Jie Meng, Tao Wen, Jian Liu, Weiqi Zhang, Jianxiang Wang, Haiyan Xu
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2020)
Tobacco Dependence Treatment Is Critical to Excellence in Health Care
Authors: Linda Sarna, Michael C. Fiore, Steven A. Schroeder
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Artificial intelligence in COVID-19 drug repurposing
Authors: Yadi Zhou, Fei Wang, Jian Tang, Ruth Nussinov, Feixiong Cheng
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2020)

SummaryDrug repurposing or repositioning is a technique whereby existing drugs are used to treat emerging and challenging diseases, including COVID-19. Drug repurposing has become a promising approach because of the opportunity for reduced development timelines and overall costs. In the big data era, artificial intelligence (AI) and network medicine offer cutting-edge application of information science to defining disease, medicine, therapeutics, and identifying targets with the least error. In this Review, we introduce guidelines on how to use AI for accelerating drug repurposing or repositioning, for which AI approaches are not just formidable but are also necessary. We discuss how to use AI models in precision medicine, and as an example, how AI models can accelerate COVID-19 drug repurposing. Rapidly developing, powerful, and innovative AI and network medicine technologies can expedite therapeutic development. This Review provides a strong rationale for using AI-based assistive tools for drug repurposing medications for human disease, including during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Bacteria-related changes in host DNA methylation and the risk for CRC
Authors: Iradj Sobhani, Hugo Rotkopf, Khashayarsha Khazaie
Journal: Gut Microbes (2020)

SUMMARYColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer deaths in men and women combined. Colon-tumor growth is multistage and the result of the accumulation of spontaneous mutations and epigenetic events that silence tumor-suppressor genes and activate oncogenes. Environmental factors are primary contributors to these somatic gene alterations, which account for the increase in incidence of CRC in western countries. In recent decades, gut microbiota and their metabolites have been recognized as essential contributing factors to CRC, and now serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. In the present review, we highlight holistic approaches to understanding how gut microbiota contributes to CRC. We particularly focus herein on bacteria-related changes in host DNA methylation and the risk for CRC.
Cardiovascular Biomarkers and Imaging in Older Adults
Authors: Daniel E. Forman, James A. de Lemos, Leslee J. Shaw, David B. Reuben, Radmila Lyubarova, Eric D. Peterson, John A. Spertus, Susan Zieman, Marcel E. Salive, Michael W. Rich
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Cancer-specific CTCF binding facilitates oncogenic transcriptional dysregulation
Authors: Celestia Fang, Zhenjia Wang, Cuijuan Han, Stephanie L. Safgren, Kathryn A. Helmin, Emmalee R. Adelman, Valentina Serafin, Giuseppe Basso, Kyle P. Eagen, Alexandre Gaspar-Maia, Maria E. Figueroa, Benjamin D. Singer, Aakrosh Ratan, Panagiotis Ntziachristos, Chongzhi Zang
Journal: Genome biology (2020)

Abstract Background The three-dimensional genome organization is critical for gene regulation and can malfunction in diseases like cancer. As a key regulator of genome organization, CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) has been characterized as a DNA-binding protein with important functions in maintaining the topological structure of chromatin and inducing DNA looping. Among the prolific binding sites in the genome, several events with altered CTCF occupancy have been reported as associated with effects in physiology or disease. However, hitherto there is no comprehensive survey of genome-wide CTCF binding patterns across different human cancers. Results To dissect functions of CTCF binding, we systematically analyze over 700 CTCF ChIP-seq profiles across human tissues and cancers and identify cancer-specific CTCF binding patterns in six cancer types. We show that cancer-specific lost and gained CTCF binding events are associated with altered chromatin interactions, partially with DNA methylation changes, and rarely with sequence mutations. While lost bindings primarily occur near gene promoters, most gained CTCF binding events exhibit enhancer activities and are induced by oncogenic transcription factors. We validate these findings in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines and patient samples and show that oncogenic NOTCH1 induces specific CTCF binding and they cooperatively activate expression of target genes, indicating transcriptional condensation phenomena. Conclusions Specific CTCF binding events occur in human cancers. Cancer-specific CTCF binding can be induced by other transcription factors to regulate oncogenic gene expression. Our results substantiate CTCF binding alteration as a functional epigenomic signature of cancer.
Haplotype threading: accurate polyploid phasing from long reads
Authors: Sven D. Schrinner, Rebecca Serra Mari, Jana Ebler, Mikko Rautiainen, Lancelot Seillier, Julia J. Reimer, Björn Usadel, Tobias Marschall, Gunnar W. Klau
Journal: Genome biology (2020)

Abstract Resolving genomes at haplotype level is crucial for understanding the evolutionary history of polyploid species and for designing advanced breeding strategies. Polyploid phasing still presents considerable challenges, especially in regions of collapsing haplotypes.We present WhatsHap polyphase , a novel two-stage approach that addresses these challenges by (i) clustering reads and (ii) threading the haplotypes through the clusters. Our method outperforms the state-of-the-art in terms of phasing quality. Using a real tetraploid potato dataset, we demonstrate how to assemble local genomic regions of interest at the haplotype level. Our algorithm is implemented as part of the widely used open source tool WhatsHap.
Abstract 16529: Cardiomyocyte Specific Atg7 Overexpression Preserves Cardiac Functional Decline and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Acute Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Chowdhury S Abdullah, Shafiul Alam, Richa Aishwarya, Sumitra Miriyala, Manikandan Panchatcharam, Christopher B Pattillo, Anthony W Orr, Junichi Sadoshima, Joseph A Hill, Md. Shenuarin Bhuiyan
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Anthracyclines (e.g., Doxorubicin) and related anticancer drugs are widely used for treating human cancers, but can induce cardiomyopathy through an undefined mechanism. Extensive stu...
Interventricular septum in chronic constrictive pericarditis.
Authors: J P Hoche
Journal: Circulation (1979)

angiographer knows the problems that might arise from the force of the angiographic jet and takes these factors into account when catheterizing and opacifying vessels.Therefore, while we share Drs.Hayashi, Abbott, and Lipton's concern about traumatic angiographic jets, we believe that other angiographers are aware and do consider the effect of flow rates of catheters and syringes, including our hand injector, used during angiographic procedures.
Measuring Response to Clinical Care in Children and Young People with Anxiety, Depression, OCD or PTSD: An International Standard Set of Outcome Measures
Authors: K Krause, C Creswell, S Chung, A O Adewuya, A M Albano, R Babins-Wagner, P Brann, L Birkinshaw, K Delaney, B Falissard, C B Forrest, J L Hudson, Ishikawa S-I., M Khatwani, C Kieling, J Krause, K Malik, V Martínez, F Mughal, T H Ollendick, S H Ong, E Thomas, G C Patton, U Ravens-Sieberer, P Szatmari, L Walters, B Young, Y Zhao, M Wolpert
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2020)
Photo-controlled degradation of PLGA/Ti3C2 hybrid coating on Mg-Sr alloy using near infrared light
Authors: Li Liu, Bo Huang, Xiangmei Liu, Wei Yuan, Yufeng Zheng, Zhaoyang Li, Kelvin Wai Kwok Yeung, Shengli Zhu, Yanqin Liang, Zhenduo Cui, Shuilin Wu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

A PLGA/Ti3C2 hybrid coating was successfully deposited on the surface of magnesium-strontium (Mg-Sr) alloys. Compared with the corrosion current density (icorr) of the Mg-Sr alloy (7.13 × 10−5 A/cm2), the modified samples (Mg/PLGA/Ti3C2) was lower by approximately four orders of magnitude (7.65 × 10−9 A/cm2). After near infrared 808 nm laser irradiation, the icorr of the modified samples increased to 3.48 × 10−7 A/cm2. The mechanism is that the local hyperthermia induced the free volume expansion of PLGA, and the increase in intermolecular gap enhanced the penetration of electrolytes. Meanwhile, the cytotoxicity study showed that the hybrid coating endowed the Mg-Sr alloy with enhanced biocompatibility.
STrengthening the Reporting Of Pharmacogenetic Studies: Development of the STROPS guideline
Authors: Marty Chaplin, Jamie J. Kirkham, Kerry Dwan, Derek J. Sloan, Geraint Davies, Andrea L. Jorgensen
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2020)

Background Large sample sizes are often required to detect statistically significant associations between pharmacogenetic markers and treatment response. Meta-analysis may be performed to synthesize data from several studies, increasing sample size and, consequently, power to detect significant genetic effects. However, performing robust synthesis of data from pharmacogenetic studies is often challenging because of poor reporting of key data in study reports. There is currently no guideline for the reporting of pharmacogenetic studies that has been developed using a widely accepted robust methodology. The objective of this project was to develop the STrengthening the Reporting Of Pharmacogenetic Studies (STROPS) guideline. Methods and findings We established a preliminary checklist of reporting items to be considered for inclusion in the guideline. We invited representatives of key stakeholder groups to participate in a 2-round Delphi survey. A total of 52 individuals participated in both rounds of the survey, scoring items with regards to their importance for inclusion in the STROPS guideline. We then held a consensus meeting, at which 8 individuals considered the results of the Delphi survey and voted on whether each item ought to be included in the final guideline. The STROPS guideline consists of 54 items and is accompanied by an explanation and elaboration document. The guideline contains items that are particularly important in the field of pharmacogenetics, such as the drug regimen of interest and whether adherence to treatment was accounted for in the conducted analyses. The guideline also requires that outcomes be clearly defined and justified, because in pharmacogenetic studies, there may be a greater number of possible outcomes than in other types of study (for example, disease–gene association studies). A limitation of this project is that our consensus meeting involved a small number of individuals, the majority of whom are based in the United Kingdom. Conclusions Our aim is for the STROPS guideline to improve the transparency of reporting of pharmacogenetic studies and also to facilitate the conduct of high-quality systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We encourage authors to adhere to the STROPS guideline when publishing pharmacogenetic studies.
Response to: ‘Increased rather than decreased incidence of giant-cell arteritis during the COVID-19 pandemic’ by Lecler <i>et al</i>
Authors: Sara Monti, Carlomaurizio Montecucco
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

We appreciate the correspondence from Lecler et al 1 in response to our paper highlighting the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the delayed diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA) leading to an increased rate of bilateral blindness.2

The colleagues described their experience with a similar fast-track clinic for the early diagnosis of GCA, reporting an increased incidence of GCA during the lockdown period without an increase in the severity or complications of the disease, nor an increase in referral delay. Interestingly, Lecler et al specified that their centre was not a referral centre for COVID-19 and that …
Genetic characterization of a novel genotype H9N2 avian influenza virus from chicken in South China
Authors: Feng Wen, Wenfeng Li, Jinyue Guo, Jing Yang, Xuelian Zhang, Kun Mei, Hao Liu, Saeed El-Ashram, Kaijian Luo, Sheng Yuan, Shihong Chi, Shujian Huang
Journal: Journal of Infection (2020)
Therapy Escalation Following an Elevated HbA1c in Adults Aged 45 Years and Older Living With Diabetes in Australia: A Real-World Observational Analysis
Authors: Ying Xie, Jannah Baker, Tamara Young, Min Jun, Louisa Sukkar, Anna Campain, Amy Kang, Alan Cass, Ji Hu, David Peiris, Carol Pollock, Germaine Wong, Sophia Zoungas, Kris Rogers, Meg Jardine, Carinna Hockham, Meg Jardine, Carinna Hockham, Min Jun, Kris Rogers, Alan Cass, Carol Pollock, Clara K. Chow, Elizabeth Comino, Celine Foote, Martin Gallagher, John Knight, Martin McNamara, Bette Liu, Thomas Lung, David Peiris, David Sullivan, Roger Wilson, Germaine Wong, Sophia Zoungas
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

Stepwise escalation of glucose-lowering therapy to more intensive regimens is an integral component of type 2 diabetes management (1). Early blood glucose control is associated with beneficial effects on long-term micro- and macrovascular outcomes (2). Understanding factors associated with time to therapy escalation following an elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) may inform interventions to facilitate timely control. We used linked real-world data to examine time to therapy escalation following a recorded HbA1c ≥8.0% (64 mmol/mol) and associated factors.

The EXamining ouTcomEs in chroNic Disease in the 45 and Up Study (EXTEND45 Study) is an Australian population-based linked data study in which participants of the 45 and Up Study have been linked to the Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS), providing data on government-subsidized medical services, the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), providing prescription claims data, and community laboratory databases (among others) (3). The 45 and Up Study comprises 267,153 individuals aged ≥45 years living in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, recruited between July 2006 and December 2009. Ethical approval for the EXTEND45 Study was obtained from the NSW Population & Health Services Research Ethics Committee (HREC/13/CIPHS/49).

In EXTEND45, 24,430 individuals with diabetes between 2006 and 2014 have been identified using multiple linked data sources (3). In the current study, therapy escalation was assessed during the 6 months following all linked HbA1c results ≥8.0% occurring in non–treatment-naive, non–insulin-using individuals presumed to have type 2 diabetes. As a result, the unit of analysis was the elevated HbA1c, with individuals able to contribute multiple results to the analysis. A threshold of 8.0% was used to reflect the typically higher HbA1c targets recommended for older people (4). To ensure that all included HbA1c results represented separate instances of an elevated HbA1c in the same individual, those results ≥8.0% that occurred …
The Importance of a Cause-Based Protocol to Approach Cancer-Related Nausea and Vomiting
Authors: Erfan Taherifard
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Ten-Year Differences in Women’s Awareness Related to Coronary Heart Disease: Results of the 2019 American Heart Association National Survey: A Special Report From the American Heart Association
Authors: Mary Cushman, Christina M. Shay, Virginia J. Howard, Monik C. Jiménez, Jennifer Lewey, Jean C. McSweeney, L. Kristin Newby, Ram Poudel, Harmony R. Reynolds, Kathryn M. Rexrode, Mario Sims, Lori J. Mosca
Journal: Circulation (2020)

High awareness that cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death (LCOD) among women is critical to prevention. This study evaluated longitudinal trends in this awareness among women.