tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Senior health staff should become exercise champions, says NICE
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Healthcare commissioning groups and local authorities should have senior level physical activity champions, say physical activity recommendations from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).1

A new set of quality statements, released on 6 June, said that these senior staff should be responsible for “developing and implementing local strategies, policies and plans.”

Workplaces should also implement a physical activity programme to encourage employees to be more physically active, NICE advised. Doing more exercise during the working day …
Title Point-of-Care Production of CD19 CAR-T Cells in an Automated Closed-System: Report of First Clinical Experience
Authors: Olga Molostova, Larisa Shelikhova, Yakov Muzalevsky, Alexey Kazachenok, Dmitriy Pershin, Elena Kurnikova, Alexander Popov, Boro Dropulic, Dina Shneider, Rimas Orentas, Regina Alex, Mike Essl, Natalia Miakova, Dmitry Litvinov, Alexander Karachunskiy, Galina Novichkova, Alexey A. Maschan, Michael Maschan
Journal: Blood (2018)
Atezolizumab plus cobimetinib and vemurafenib in BRAF-mutated melanoma patients
Authors: Ryan J. Sullivan, Omid Hamid, Rene Gonzalez, Jeffrey R. Infante, Manish R. Patel, F. Stephen Hodi, Karl D. Lewis, Hussein A. Tawbi, Genevive Hernandez, Matthew J. Wongchenko, YiMeng Chang, Louise Roberts, Marcus Ballinger, Yibing Yan, Edward Cha, Patrick Hwu
Journal: Nature Medicine (2019)
Use of Liforlab®: A tumor tissue transport- and cryopreservation solution with protection of RNA without influence on the viability at room temperature or deep frozen (-170°to -196°)
Authors: Ralf A. Hilger, Martina Heim, Susanne Kredtke, Dirk Strumberg, Ferdinand Bach
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

1299  Background: The growing interest in proteomics and genomics of patients’ tumors and their complementary normal tissue demand for new strategies in cryopreservation and cell banking of the excised tumor - tissue/biopsies. Whereas genomics and proteomics of the non-tumoral material can be analyzed as long as the patient is available, tumor tissue is mostly accessible only prior to the first treatment. To offer the possibility of a tumor based treatment decision to all patients, the excision, transport and handling of the tissue/biopsies are crucial. Therefore, to hand over these cancers - tissues/ biopsies from any clinic to a professional institution with an expertise in cell culture and molecular biology, a simple, rugged and feasible system is needed. Method: In this study we examined the properties of a new oxygen enriched solution for the transport (without freezing) and storage of tumor biopsies of different solid tumors and the culture of single cell suspensions thereof. For that reason, fresh tumor - tissue/biopsies had to be taken into Liforlab® immediately after tumor excision. After arriving in the laboratory at room temperature (20°C; within up to 72h after operation/biopsies) the vital tumor was frozen in the new solution with a special freezing program over 60 min to -120°C. Then the tissue is stored at -170° to -196°C in a “Biosafe” cryotank. On the day of analysis the tissue is thawn at 37°C in a water bath. To study the effect of the medium on DNA- and RNA- stability of the excised tumor-tissue/ biopsies, comparisons to commercial available solutions RNA-Later (Qiagen, Germany) were performed. Results: First results on viability of complete tumor tissue/biopsies (max 0.5x0.5 cm) using this new type of medium: RNA and DNA isolations from tumors stored up to 4- 6 days at room temperature and 4 weeks at 2°- 8° C in this solution could be performed. RNA stabilization could be shown successfully in bladder, prostate and kidney tumors as well. These results could also be achieved for tissue which was frozen (-170°C to -196°C) for more than 12 month. There is no degradation of the quality/quantity of the RNA in comparison to fresh tumor tissue. Conclusion: The use of the presented new generation of culture medium for transport of the tumor - tissue/biopsies at room temperature up to 72h is feasible. RNA isolation is possible, up to 7 days at room temperature and for minimum of 1 year after storage in N2 - liquid, without decrease of cell viability. Furthermore, cryoconservation of living tumor material and single cell suspensions in this medium can be carried out, without DMSO and/or HES, because the lack of crystallization. The use of this new solution will make creating tumor banking easier and thus offers more flexibility in tumor based therapy.
Survivorship Bias in Analyses of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Trials—In Reply
Authors: Yukihiro Toi, Shunichi Sugawara
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Natural killer (NK) cell activation, cytokine production, and cytotoxicity in human PBMC/myeloma cell co-culture exposed to elotuzumab (Elo) alone or in combination with lenalidomide (Len).
Authors: Balaji Balasa, Rui Yun, Nicole Belmar, Gary Starling, Audie Rice
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

8087 Background: Elo is a monoclonal IgG1 antibody targeting CS1, a cell surface glycoprotein highly expressed on &gt;95% of myeloma cells. In preclinical models Elo exerts anti-myeloma activity via NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Len is an immunomodulatory agent that may activate NK cells. The combination of Elo + Len synergistically enhanced anti-tumor activity in myeloma xenograft models. We investigated the mechanism of enhancing NK cell activation and myeloma cell killing with Elo + Len. Methods: Human PBMC/OPM-2 co-cultures were treated for 24-72h with Elo, Len, or Elo + Len. Activation markers and adhesion receptors were evaluated by flow cytometry. Cytokines were measured by Luminex and ELISpot assays. Cytotoxicity was assessed by cell counting. Results: Elo + Len increased IFN-γ secretion significantly more than Elo or Len alone. IFN-γ elevates ICAM-1 expression, and ICAM-1 surface expression on OPM-2 target cells increased synergistically with Elo + Len. Elo, Elo + Len but not Len increased expression of CD25 (IL-2Rα) on NK cells. Len increased the levels of IL-2, but those were decreased in the presence of Elo due to increased consumption by CD25 expressing NK cells. Blocking uptake of IL-2 with anti-CD25 resulted in higher IL-2 levels than with Len. ELISpot assays confirmed that Elo + Len significantly increased the number of IL-2-producing cell colonies compared with Elo or Len. Elo induced NK dependent myeloma cell killing, and the effect was significantly higher with Elo + Len. Conclusions: Elo alone activated NK cells and mediated the killing of myeloma cells in PBMC/OPM-2 co-cultures. Elo + Len synergistically enhanced myeloma cell killing and increased expression/production of IFN-γ, ICAM-1, IL-2, and CD25. [Table: see text]
Abstract 19859: Outcomes of Surgical Thrombectomy for Massive Pulmonary Embolism: A Nationwide Analysis
Authors: Fahad Alqahtani, Sami Aljohani, Almoutassim Trabulsi, Abdulrahman Tarabishy, Tatiana Busu, Ahmad Almustafa, Mohamad Adnan Alkhouli
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Surgical thrombectomy can be life saving in patients with acute massive pulmonary embolism (PE). However, contemporary data on the utilization and outcomes of surgical thrombectomy in...
Abstract 19682: Genetic Variants Explaining Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease - Are We Ready for the Clinic?
Authors: Gillian M Blue, Eddie Ip, Karen Walker, Edwin P Kirk, Alison Loughran-Fowlds, Gary F Sholler, Sally L Dunwoodie, Richard P Harvey, Eleni Giannoulatou, Nadia Badawi, David S Winlaw
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Up to 20% of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who undergo cardiac surgery develop neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD), with a number of studies reporting persistent impa...
Lung cancer: audit shows improvement in surgery survival
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Significantly more patients are undergoing surgery for lung cancer, and survival rates are improving, shows a new report that analysed progress over the past 35 years.1

The report by the Society for Cardiothoracic Surgery in Great Britain and Ireland, which was shared exclusively with The BMJ before publication, included data on patients who had lung cancer surgery between 1980 and 2015. It said that several quality markers had notably improved over that period but emphasised that more work was needed to increase earlier detection of the disease.

The society has called for a review to determine whether introducing a new national lung screening programme could improve the …
Anemia lurking in introns
Authors: Narla Mohandas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2019)

Anemia is defined by low levels of circulating hemoglobin, resulting in insufficient tissue oxygenation. This condition results from both genetic and nutritional factors and affects more than a billion people worldwide. For the inherited anemias, progress made over the last 40 years has increased our understanding of the structural basis for normal red cell membrane function and allowed definition of the genetic and pathophysiological bases of many human RBC membrane disorders. Despite these advances, there are continued uncertainties in the genotype-phenotype relationship in cases of severe, membrane-linked anemia. In this issue of the JCI, Gallagher and colleagues have identified a severe form of inherited anemia that results from aberrant splicing of α-spectrin, which in turn leads to abnormal erythrocyte membrane structure and function. The identification and characterization of this splicing-associated genetic disease will facilitate diagnosis and treatment of severe anemia in affected patients. These findings not only improve understanding of red cell disorders, they are likely to impact many disciplines, as the disease-associated alternate branch point utilization defined in the report may be the underlying etiology for many other inherited or acquired disorders.
Variants in genes of innate immunity, appetite control and energy metabolism are associated with host cardiometabolic health and gut microbiota composition
Authors: Esteban L. Ortega-Vega, Sandra J. Guzmán-Castañeda, Omer Campo, Eliana P. Velásquez-Mejía, Jacobo de la Cuesta-Zuluaga, Gabriel Bedoya, Juan S. Escobar
Journal: Gut Microbes (2019)

Identifying the genetic and non-genetic determinants of obesity and related cardiometabolic dysfunctions is cornerstone for their prevention, treatment, and control. While genetic variants contribute to the cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS), non-genetic factors, such as the gut microbiota, also play key roles. Gut microbiota is intimately associated with CMS and its composition is heritable. However, associations between this microbial community and host genetics are understudied. We contribute filling this gap by genotyping 60 variants in 39 genes of three modules involved in CMS risk, measuring cardiometabolic risk factors, and characterizing gut microbiota in a cohort of 441 Colombians. We hypothesized that CMS risk variants were correlated with detrimental levels of clinical parameters and with the abundance of disease-associated microbes. We found several polymorphisms in genes of innate immunity, appetite control, and energy metabolism that were associated with metabolic dysregulation and microbiota composition; the associations between host genetics and cardiometabolic health were independent of the participants' gut microbiota, and those between polymorphisms and gut microbes were independent of the CMS risk. Associations were also independent of the host genetic ancestry, diet and lifestyle. Most microbes explaining genetic-microbiota associations belonged to the families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae. Multiple CMS risk alleles were correlated with increased abundance of beneficial microbiota, suggesting that the phenotypic outcome of the evaluated variants might depend upon the genetic background of the studied population and its environmental context. Our results provide additional evidence that the gut microbiota is under the host genetic control and present pathways of host–microbe interactions.
Survival after cancer diagnosis among patients with higher income and education in Israel, a country with highly appreciated health service.
Authors: Yakir Rottenberg, Aviad Zick, Tamar Peretz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

1598 Background: In recent years, the 5 year survival following cancer diagnosis is about two thirds. Among patients with various chronic diseases, improved survival is known to be associated with higher income and education. The aim of the current study is to assess the influence of income and education on survival following cancer diagnosis in Israel. Methods: Retrospective cohort study, using baseline measurement from the 1995 census conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics in Israel. Cancer data were obtained from the Israel Cancer Registry. Cox proportional hazards ratios were calculated for mortality among cancer patients and adjusted for age, sex, religious, income and education years. The first model excluded cancers associated with early detection (breast, prostate, colorectal and cervix), and a second model excluded also lung cancer in order to control for smoking which is common in lower socioeconomic status. Results: A total of 3,712 cases of cancer and 1,252 deaths were reported during the study period. Higher income (HR=0.985 per 1000NIS, approximately 330$ in 1995's value, p=0.016) and education (HR=0.957 per year of education, p&lt;0.001) were associated with decreased risk of death after cancer diagnosis. Jews had better prognosis than non-Jews following cancer diagnosis (HR=0.62, p&lt;0.001), while males (HR=1.54, p&lt;0.001) and age (HR=1.036 per year, p&lt;0.001) had been associated with worse prognosis. The association between higher income and education was not changed in a model which excluded lung cancer. Conclusions: Higher income and education are associated with improved survival after cancer diagnosis. In the light of current study, further studies are needed to depict the variation in cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis and treatment disparities related to socioeconomic variables.
Bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone with or without daratumumab before and after autologous stem-cell transplantation for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (CASSIOPEIA): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study
Authors: Philippe Moreau, Michel Attal, Cyrille Hulin, Bertrand Arnulf, Karim Belhadj, Lotfi Benboubker, Marie C Béné, Annemiek Broijl, Hélène Caillon, Denis Caillot, Jill Corre, Michel Delforge, Thomas Dejoie, Chantal Doyen, Thierry Facon, Cécile Sonntag, Jean Fontan, Laurent Garderet, Kon-Siong Jie, Lionel Karlin, Frédérique Kuhnowski, Jérôme Lambert, Xavier Leleu, Pascal Lenain, Margaret Macro, Claire Mathiot, Frédérique Orsini-Piocelle, Aurore Perrot, Anne-Marie Stoppa, Niels WCJ van de Donk, Soraya Wuilleme, Sonja Zweegman, Brigitte Kolb, Cyrille Touzeau, Murielle Roussel, Mourad Tiab, Jean-Pierre Marolleau, Nathalie Meuleman, Marie-Christiane Vekemans, Matthijs Westerman, Saskia K Klein, Mark-David Levin, Jean Paul Fermand, Martine Escoffre-Barbe, Jean-Richard Eveillard, Reda Garidi, Tahamtan Ahmadi, Sen Zhuang, Christopher Chiu, Lixia Pei, Carla de Boer, Elena Smith, William Deraedt, Tobias Kampfenkel, Jordan Schecter, Jessica Vermeulen, Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Pieter Sonneveld
Journal: The Lancet (2019)
Association of Firearm Ownership, Use, Accessibility, and Storage Practices With Suicide Risk Among US Army Soldiers
Authors: Catherine L. Dempsey, David M. Benedek, Kelly L. Zuromski, Charlotte Riggs-Donovan, Tsz Hin H. Ng, Matthew K. Nock, Ronald C. Kessler, Robert J. Ursano
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> Since 2004, the suicide rate among US Army soldiers has exceeded the rate of death from combat injury. It is critical to establish factors that increase the risk of acting on suicidal thoughts to guide early intervention and suicide prevention. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess whether firearm ownership, use, storage practices, and accessibility are associated with increased risk of suicide. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> In this case-control study, suicide cases (n = 135) were defined as US Army soldiers who died by suicide while on active duty between August 1, 2011, and November 1, 2013. Next-of-kin and Army supervisors of soldiers who died by suicide (n = 168) were compared with propensity-matched controls (n = 137); those soldiers with a suicidal ideation in the past year (n = 118) provided structured interview data. Data were analyzed from April 5, 2018, to April 2, 2019. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Firearm ownership, storage, and accessibility were assessed by using items from the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview screening scales along with items created for the purpose of the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS) study. <h3>Results</h3> Among the 135 suicide decedents, next-of-kin reported that they had greater accessibility to firearms compared with propensity-matched controls. Specifically, suicide decedents were more likely to own 1 or more handguns compared with propensity-matched controls (odds ratio [OR], 1.9; 95% CI, 1.0-3.7; χ<sup>2</sup><sub>1</sub> = 4.2; false discovery rate [FDR]<i>P</i> = .08), store a loaded gun at home (OR, 4.1; 95% CI, 1.9-9.1; χ<sup>2</sup><sub>1</sub> = 12.2; FDR<i>P</i> = .003), and publicly carry a gun when not required for military duty (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.4-7.3; χ<sup>2</sup><sub>1</sub> = 7.4; FDR<i>P</i> = .02). The combination of these 3 items was associated with a 3-fold increase in the odds of suicide death (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.2-9.4; χ<sup>2</sup><sub>1</sub> = 5.4; FDR<i>P</i> = .05). Storing a loaded gun with ammunition at home or publicly carrying a gun when not on duty was associated with a 4-fold increase in the odds of suicide death (OR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.9-7.9; χ<sup>2</sup><sub>1</sub> = 14.1; FDR<i>P</i> = .002). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this study, in addition to gun ownership, ease and immediacy of firearm access were associated with increased suicide risk. Discussion with family members and supervisors about limiting firearm accessibility should be evaluated for potential intervention.
Changes in Visceral and Subcutaneous Fat in Youth With Type 2 Diabetes in the TODAY Study
Authors: Ruban Dhaliwal, John A. Shepherd, Laure El ghormli, Kenneth C. Copeland, Mitchell E. Geffner, Janine Higgins, Lynne L. Levitsky, Kristen J. Nadeau, Ruth S. Weinstock, Neil H. White
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

OBJECTIVE In the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study, metformin plus rosiglitazone (M + R) maintained glycemic control better than metformin alone (M) or metformin plus lifestyle (M + L) in youth with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We hypothesized that changes in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) would explain the differential treatment effects on glycemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 626 youth ages 11–17 years with T2D duration &amp;lt;2 years, VAT and SAT were estimated by DXA at baseline and at 6 and 24 months. Changes from baseline were analyzed in linear mixed models. RESULTS Baseline mean age was 13.9 years, 66.4% were female, 72.2% were Hispanic/non-Hispanic black, and 20.3% were non-Hispanic white (NHW). Mean BMI was 33.7 kg/m2. VAT increased more in M + R (13.1%) than M + L (3.9%, P = 0.0006) or M (6.5%, P = 0.0146). SAT also increased more in M + R (13.3%) than in M + L (5.4%, P &amp;lt; 0.0001) or M (6.4%, P = 0.0005), indicating no significant fat redistribution in M + R. In NHWs, VAT increased more in M + R than M (P = 0.0192) and M + L (P = 0.0482) but did not explain the race-ethnicity differences in treatment effects on glycemic control among treatment groups. VAT and SAT increases correlated with higher HbA1c, lower insulin sensitivity, and lower oral disposition index (all P &amp;lt; 0.05), but associations did not differ by treatment group. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to the existing reports in adults with T2D, in TODAY, M + R resulted in the most VAT accumulation compared with M + L or M. Differential effects on depot-specific indirect measures of adiposity are unrelated to treatment effects in sustaining glycemic control. Additional studies are needed to understand the clinical markers of metabolic risk profile in youth with T2D on rosiglitazone.
Dabrafenib, trametinib and pembrolizumab or placebo in BRAF-mutant melanoma
Authors: Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Pier Francesco Ferrucci, Rosalie Fisher, Michele Del Vecchio, Victoria Atkinson, Henrik Schmidt, Jacob Schachter, Paola Queirolo, Georgina V. Long, Anna Maria Di Giacomo, Inge Marie Svane, Michal Lotem, Gil Bar-Sela, Felix Couture, Bijoyesh Mookerjee, Razi Ghori, Nageatte Ibrahim, Blanca Homet Moreno, Antoni Ribas
Journal: Nature Medicine (2019)