tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant chemotherapy with tegafur/uracil (UFT) for gastric cancer. A meta-analysis of centrally randomized clinical trials
Authors: J. Sakamoto, A. Tsuburaya, S. Morita, T. Matsui, K. Oba, Y. Kodera, M. Kobayashi, K. Yoshida, A. Nakao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

4033 Background: A consensus regarding standard adjuvant chemotherapy for curatively resected gastric cancer has not been obtained between Japan and Western world. In order to evaluate the effect of UFT which is the most frequently used in Japan over surgery alone control, a meta-analysis was performed investigating 4 clinical trials. Methods: After meticulous examination of each trial, trials with improper randomization using envelop method were excluded from the analysis. A total of 1503 patients, enrolled in four relevant trials (JCOG 8401, JCOG 8801, JCOG9206–2, and NSAS-GC) using UFT for chemotherapy and performed by central randomization, were determined eligible for the meta-analysis. The endpoint was overall survival and intent-to treat analysis was implemented. Results: The 5-year overall survival odds ratio was 0.70 (95%CI; 0.54–0.89). The treatment effect of oral UFT was shown to be statistically significant (p=0.01) over surgery alone therapy (n=1251). No significant heterogeneity between the trials was demonstrated (p=0.365). The 5-year overall survival odds ratio was 0.71(95%CI; 0.54–0.92). Conclusions: From these results of the present meta-analysis, it is strongly suggested that chemotherapy after surgery with UFT, can improve survival of the patients with curatively resected gastric cancer, and UFT should be considered as the standard postoperative adjuvant treatment for gastric cancer in Japan, where extensive gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection is implemented as a routine surgical procedure. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
DAPAGLIFLOZIN IMPROVES OUTCOMES IRRESPECTIVE OF NT-PROBNP CONCENTRATION IN PATIENTS WITH HFREF: AN ANALYSIS OF THE DAPA-HF TRIAL
Authors: Lars Køber, Kieran Docherty, Silvio E. Inzucchi, Pardeep Jhund, Mikhail Kosiborod, Anna Maria Langkilde, Felipe Martinez, Olof Bengtsson, Piotr Ponikowski, Marc Sabatine, Mikaela Sjoestrand, Scott D. Solomon, John McMurray
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Association Between Surgical Approach and Major Surgical Complications in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Daniel Pincus, Richard Jenkinson, Michael Paterson, Timothy Leroux, Bheeshma Ravi
Journal: JAMA (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Controversy exists about the preferred surgical approach for total hip arthroplasty (THA). <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether an anterior approach is associated with lower risk of complications than either a lateral or posterior approach. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Population-based retrospective cohort study of all adults in Ontario, Canada, who had undergone primary THA for osteoarthritis between April 1, 2015, and March 31, 2018. All patients were followed up over a 1-year period (study end date, March 31, 2019). <h3>Exposures</h3> Surgical approach (anterior vs lateral/posterior) for THA. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Major surgical complications within 1 year (composite of deep infection requiring surgery, dislocation requiring closed or open reduction, or revision surgery). Outcomes were compared among propensity-score matched groups using Cox proportional hazards regression. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 30 098 patients (mean [SD] age, 67 years [10.7 years]; 16 079 women [53.4%]) who underwent THA, 2995 (10%) underwent the anterior approach; 21 248 (70%), the lateral approach; and 5855 (20%) the posterior approach performed at 1 of 73 hospitals by 1 of 298 surgeons. All patients were followed up for 1 year. Compared with those undergoing the lateral or posterior approach, patients undergoing an anterior approach were younger (mean age, 65 vs 67 years; standardized difference, 0.17); had lower rates of morbid obesity (4.8% vs 7.6%; standardized difference, 0.12), diabetes (14.2% vs 19.9%; standardized difference, 0.15), and hypertension (53.4% vs 62.9%; standardized difference, 0.19); and were treated by higher-volume surgeons (median range, 111 procedures; interquartile range, 69-172 vs 77 procedures, interquartile range, 50-119 in the prior year; standardized difference, 0.55). Compared with 2993 propensity-score matched patients undergoing a lateral or posterior approach, the 2993 matched patients undergoing anterior approaches had a significantly greater risk of a major surgical complication (61 patients [2%] vs 29 patients [1%]; absolute risk difference, 1.07%; 95% CI, 0.46%-1.69%; hazard ratio, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.48 to 2.88). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Among patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty, an anterior surgical approach compared with a posterior or lateral surgical approach was associated with a small but statistically significant increased risk of major surgical complications. The findings may help inform decisions about surgical approach for hip arthroplasty, although further research is needed to understand pain and functional outcomes.
Preliminary evaluation of the VIsion PERformance (VIPER) simulator
Authors: Denise S. Ryan, Rose K. Sia, Jennifer B. Eaddy, Lorie A. Logan, Jide O. Familoni, Hind Beydoun, Samantha B. Rodgers, Bruce A. Rivers
Journal: Military Medical Research (2020)

Abstract Background This study evaluated the VIsion PERformance (VIPER) simulator’s ability to assess the functional visual performance in warfighters conducting civilian and military tasks. Methods Thirty service members, aged 25–35 years old with a best corrected distance visual acuity (VA) better than or equal to 20/20 or logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) 0.00, were randomized to locate and identify road signs and mock improvised explosive devices (IEDs) under either daytime conditions or with infrared imagery, with (cc) and without (sc) wearing their habitual correction. Participants also underwent binocular uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) visual assessment, refraction, contrast sensitivity testing and wavefront aberrometry. Results The mean age was 28.47 years. The manifest spherical equivalent was − 3.16 ± 1.75 diopters (D), the UDVA in both eyes (OU) was logMAR 0.83 ± 0.47, and the CDVA OU was − 0.11 ± 0.06. For VIPER, the mean difference in the detection distance (DD) for road signs ccDD vs. scDD was 76.7 ± 52.8 m ( P &lt; 0.001). The average difference in identification distance (ID) ccID vs. scID was 13.9 ± 6.3 m ( P &lt; 0.001). The mean accuracies were 83.5 and 27.9% for cc and sc, respectively ( P &lt; 0.001). The regression analysis indicated that a 1.6 m change in the distance accounts for a 1% change in the accuracy ( P = 0.002). Without correction, a 4.1 m change accounts for a 1% change in the accuracy ( P &lt; 0.001). The average IED ccDD was 29.9 ± 8.2 m, and that for scDD was 13.2 ± 13.6 m ( P &lt; 0.001). The average IED ccID was 32.2 ± 6.2 m and that for the scID was 7.4 ± 10.3 m ( P &lt; 0.001). The mean IED identification accuracy was 46.7 and 11.4% for cc and sc, respectively ( P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions The preliminary results reflect VIPER’s ability to assess functional visual performance when detecting and identifying signs and IEDs. Furthermore, VIPER is able to detect performance changes with and without correction.
OCT-GUIDED PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IS AN INDEPENDENT PREDICTOR OF SAME DAY DISCHARGE AMONG ELECTIVE PATIENTS
Authors: James Nguyen, Susan Thomas, Jonathan Weber, Ian Persits, Evan Shlofmitz, Fernando Sosa, Akiko Maehara, Ziad Ali, Jeffrey Moses, Thomas Pappas, Richard A. Shlofmitz, Allen Jeremias
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
INVASIVE HEMODYNAMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF DIFFERENT FLOW-GRADIENT AORTIC STENOSIS STATES
Authors: Ramy Mando, George S. Hanzel, Aimee Hite, Priscilla F. Sigua Arce, Michael Gallagher, Wei Lau, Philippe Pibarot, Francis Shannon, Amr E. Abbas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Integrative Analysis of NSCLC Identifies LINC01234 as an Oncogenic lncRNA that Interacts with HNRNPA2B1 and Regulates miR-106b Biogenesis
Authors: Zhenyao Chen, Xin Chen, Tianyao Lei, Yu Gu, Jinyao Gu, Jiali Huang, Binbin Lu, Li Yuan, Ming Sun, Zhaoxia Wang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2020)

The discovery of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has increased our understanding of the development and progression of many cancers, but their contributions to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain poorly understood. Here, we profiled lncRNA expression in NSCLC and investigated in detail the molecular function of one upregulated lncRNA, LINC01234. LINC01234 was overexpressed in NSCLC compared with normal lung tissue and correlated positively with poor prognosis. Downregulation of LINC01234 impaired cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. RNA pull-down/mass spectrometry experiments showed that LINC01234 interacted with the RNA-binding protein heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (HNRNPA2B1), which, in turn, led to the recruitment of DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8 (DGCR8), a subunit of the microRNA (miRNA) microprocessor complex. Accordingly, depletion of either LINC01234 or HNRNPA2B1 reduced the processing of several miRNA precursors, including primary microRNA (pri-miR)-106b. miR-106b-5p enhanced NSCLC cell growth by downregulating cryptochrome 2 (CRY2), thereby increasing c-Myc expression. Finally, we found that activated c-Myc binds to the LINC01234 promoter to increase its transcription, creating a c-Myc-LINC01234-HNRNPA2B1-miR-106b-5p-CRY2-c-Myc positive-feedback loop. We identified numerous lncRNAs with dysregulated expression in NSCLC and demonstrated a novel oncogenic axis involving LINC01234, HNRNPA2B1, miR-106b-5p, CRY2, and c-Myc. Components of this axis may be potential novel targets for NSCLC.
Angiogenesis modifications are predictive of response and outcome in heavily pretreated advanced colorectal cancer patients during therapy with cetuximab plus irinotecan
Authors: B. Vincenzi, D. Santini, A. Russo, G. Dicuonzo, G. Michele, F. Battistoni, G. Avvisati, L. Rocci, N. Gebbia, G. Tonini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

3562 Background: Angiogenesis has been correlated with increased invasion and metastases in a variety of human neoplasms. Inadequate inhibition of the growth of tumor microvessels by anticancer agents may result in treatment failure, rated clinically as progressive or stable disease. We designed this trial to investigate if Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) circulating levels modifications may be related with clinical response and outcome in advanced colorectal cancer patients during treatment with a weekly combination of cetuximab plus irinotecan. Methods: 45 heavily pretreated metastatic colorectal cancer patients were prospectively evaluated for circulating levels of VEGF during the treatment with cetuximab (initial dose of 400 mg per square meter, followed by weekly infusions of 250 mg per square meter) plus weekly irinotecan (90 mg per square meter). VEGF circulating levels were assessed at the following time-points: just before and at 1, 21, 50 and 92 days after the start of cetuximab plus irinotecan treatment. Results: Basal serum VEGF median levels were significantly decreased just at the first day (after the first treatment infusion (P=0.016). The VEGF persisted at the following time points reaching the highest statistical significance 92 days after the first infusion (P&lt;0.0001). Twenty-two patients showed a reduction in median VEGF circulating levels of at least 50% 92 days after the first infusion respect to the basal time point. In the group of patients with at least 50% reduction of VEGF levels the response rate was 59.1% vs 21.7% in the non reduced VEGF group (P=0.024). Moreover, the median time to progression was 6.12 months (95% C.I.: 3.9 - 7.1) in the reduced VEGF group vs 2.3 months (95% C.I.: 1.6 - 3.5) in the other patients (P=0.001). Finally, also overall survival was longer in patients who developed VEGF reduction (12.3 months; 95% C.I.: 8.65 - 15.9) than this recorded in patients without the reduction (6.4 months; 95% C.I.: 5.6 - 8.4) (P=0.05). Conclusions: The present data represent the first evidence that suggest a role of VEGF reduction in the prediction of efficacy of treatment with cetuximab plus weekly irinotecan in heavily pretreated advanced colorectal cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
OUTCOMES AFTER CATHETER ABLATION OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION: INSIGHTS FROM THE UC SAN DIEGO AF ABLATION REGISTRY
Authors: Omar Aldaas, Chaitanya Malladi, Praneet Mylavarapu, Florentino Lupercio, Frederick T. Han, Kurt S. Hoffmayer, David Krummen, Gordon Ho, Farshad Raissi, Gregory Feld, Jonathan Chong Hsu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Assessing uptake of the Harmonising Outcome Measures for Eczema (HOME) Core Outcome Set and recommended instruments
Authors: R. Vincent, J.R. Chalmers, C. McWilliams, K.S. Thomas, S. Dodd, N. Rogers, M.J. Ridd, J. Schmitt, J.J. Kirkham
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)
Malignant sinonasal tumors in Stockholm, 2000-2005.
Authors: Mattias Jangard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e17001 Background: Between2000-2005 58 patients developed malignant sinonasal tumours in the region of Stockholm that consist of 2.5 million people. Sinonasal malignant tumours are uncommon and account for approximately 3% to 5% of all upper respiratory tract malignancies and 0.2% of all malignancies. Because these tumours are rare and the treatment varies internationally and also in different parts of Sweden; our aim was to follow up these patients to get a better picture of this group and also find out which treatment modalities that had the best outcome. Methods: All the patients have been identified through a database that register all new malignant head and neck tumours in Stockholm. We identified the patients from 2000-2005 and studied all the medical charts for the patients. Results: 10-15 patients develop malignant sinonasal tumour per year in the region of Stockholm. The mean age at diagnosis was 67 year (21-95 year). The distribution between men and women where equal. We found that 50 % was squamous cell carcinoma, 20% was malignant melanoma, 10 % adenocarcinoma, 10 % SNUC (Sino Nasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma) and 10 % other tumours. The 3-year survival was 50 % between 2000-2005. The prognosis varies between differnet tumour types. Squamous cell cancer and adenocarcinoma has a better prognosis than malignant melanoma and SNUC. Conclusions: This study brings light to the distribution of the different tumour types and also we found that malignant melanoma has a tendency to increase if you compare to a study from Sweden 2003. We were not able to analyse which treatment modality to prefer in this study due to short follow up and a small material.
EFFECTIVENESS OF RENAL DENERVATION IN SECONDARY ALDOSTERONISM RELATED HYPERTENSION FROM TAIWAN MULTICENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Shu-I Lin, Shih-Hsien Sung, Yen-Hung Lin, Feng-Ching Liao, Wei-Ren Lan, Cheng Ting Tsai, Ying-Hsiang Lee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
HIGH-ATTENUATION LEFT ATRIAL EPICARDIAL ADIPOSE TISSUE IS ASSOCIATED WITH RECURRENCE AFTER FIRST ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ABLATION
Authors: Richard Amara, Muhammad Haq, Aaron Kunamalla, Paul Han, David Yoo, Jasjeet Khural, Daniel Nguyen, Jason Appelbaum, Fahad Ali, Timm Dickfeld, Alejandro Jimenez Restrepo, Andrew Zohlman, Jeffrey Rottman, Stephen Shorofsky, Diandra Brown, Jean Jeudy, Vincent Y. See
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
MULTIMODALITY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY EVALUATION OF A THROMBUS-CONTAINING AORTIC PSEUDOANEURYSM SECONDARY TO HYPEREOSINOPHILIC SYNDROME
Authors: Andrew Bradley, Margaret Whelpley, JeanAnne Ware, Douglas Rosing, Michael P. Siegenthaler, Arlene Sirajuddin, Andrew E. Arai, Paneez Khoury
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Racial disparities in supportive medication use among older patients with brain metastases: a population-based analysis
Authors: Nayan Lamba, Elie Mehanna, Rachel B Kearney, Paul J Catalano, Daphne A Haas-Kogan, Brian M Alexander, Daniel N Cagney, Kathleen A Lee, Ayal A Aizer
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract Background Brain metastases (BM) cause symptoms that supportive medications can alleviate. We assessed whether racial disparities exist in supportive medication utilization after BM diagnosis. Methods Medicare-enrolled patients linked with the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program (SEER) who had diagnoses of BM between 2007 and 2016 were identified. Fourteen supportive medication classes were studied: non-opioid analgesics, opioids, anti-emetics, anti-epileptics, headache-targeting medications, steroids, cognitive aids, antidepressants, anxiolytics, antidelirium/antipsychotic agents, muscle relaxants, psychostimulants, sleep aids, and appetite stimulants. Drug administration ≤30 days following BM diagnosis was compared by race using multivariable logistic regression. Results Among 17,957 patients, headache aids, antidepressants, and anxiolytics were prescribed less frequently to African Americans (odds ratio [95% CI] = 0.81 [0.73–0.90], P &amp;lt; 0.001; OR = 0.68 [0.57–0.80], P &amp;lt; 0.001; and OR = 0.68 [0.56–0.82], P &amp;lt; 0.001, respectively), Hispanics (OR = 0.83 [0.73–0.94], P = 0.004 OR = 0.78 [0.64–0.97], P = 0.02; and OR = 0.63 [0.49–0.81], P &amp;lt; 0.001, respectively), and Asians (OR = 0.81 [0.72–0.92], P = 0.001, OR = 0.67 [0.53–0.85], P = 0.001, and OR = 0.62 [0.48–0.80], P &amp;lt; 0.001, respectively) compared with non-Hispanic Whites. African Americans also received fewer anti-emetics (OR = 0.75 [0.68–0.83], P &amp;lt; 0.001), steroids (OR = 0.84 [0.76–0.93], P &amp;lt; 0.001), psychostimulants (OR = 0.14 [0.03–0.59], P = 0.007), sleep aids (OR = 0.71 [0.61–0.83], P &amp;lt; 0.001), and appetite stimulants (OR = 0.85 [0.77–0.94], P = 0.002) than Whites. Hispanic patients less frequently received antidelirium/antipsychotic drugs (OR = 0.57 [0.38–0.86], P = 0.008), sleep aids (OR = 0.78 [0.64–0.94, P = 0.01), and appetite stimulants (OR = 0.87 [0.76–0.99], P = 0.04). Asian patients received fewer opioids (OR = 0.86 [0.75–0.99], P = 0.04), anti-emetics (OR = 0.83 [0.73–0.94], P = 0.004), anti-epileptics (OR = 0.83 [0.71–0.97], P = 0.02), steroids (OR = 0.81 [0.72–0.92], P = 0.001), muscle relaxants (OR = 0.60 [0.41–0.89], P = 0.01), and appetite stimulants (OR = 0.87 [0.76–0.99], P = 0.03). No medication class was prescribed significantly less frequently to Whites. Conclusions Disparities in supportive medication prescription for non-White/Hispanic groups with BM exist; improved provider communication and engagement with at-risk patients is needed. Key Points 1. Patients with BM commonly experience neurologic symptoms. 2. Supportive medications improve quality of life among patients with BM. 3. Non-White patients with BM receive fewer supportive medications than White patients.
CLINICAL IMPACT OF PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITIES ON OUTCOMES AFTER LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE IMPLANTATION
Authors: Clancy Mullan, Makoto Mori, Cesar Caraballo, Neal G. Ravindra, P. Elliott Miller, Megan McCullough, John-Ross Clarke, Arnar Geirsson, Nihar R. Desai, Tariq Ahmad
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
ELECTRICAL ISOLATION VERSUS FOCAL ABLATION OF THE CORONARY SINUS IN PATIENTS WITH PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Domenico Giovanni Della Rocca, Luigi Di Biase, Sanghamitra Mohanty, Chintan Trivedi, Nicola Tarantino, Rodney Horton, Mohamed Bassiouny, Amin Al-Ahmad, Krishna Akella, Ghulam Murtaza, Dhanunjaya R. Lakkireddy, Carola Gianni, Ashkan Ahmadian-Tehrani, Jorge Romero, John Burkhardt, Andrea Natale
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
ASSESSMENT OF IMPLEMENTING THE COMPASS TRIAL RESULTS IN ROUTINE CLINICAL PRACTICE IN ONTARIO, CANADA: INSIGHTS FROM THE CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH IN AMBULATORY CARE RESEARCH TEAM (CANHEART) STUDY
Authors: Maya Sheth, Bing Yu, Anna Chu, Joan Porter, Laura Ferreira-Legere, Jacob Udell
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship, Yokohama, Japan, 2020
Authors: Kenji Mizumoto, Katsushi Kagaya, Alexander Zarebski, Gerardo Chowell
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2020)

On 5 February 2020, in Yokohama, Japan, a cruise ship hosting 3,711 people underwent a 2-week quarantine after a former passenger was found with COVID-19 post-disembarking. As at 20 February, 634 persons on board tested positive for the causative virus. We conducted statistical modelling to derive the delay-adjusted asymptomatic proportion of infections, along with the infections' timeline. The estimated asymptomatic proportion was 17.9% (95% credible interval (CrI): 15.5-20.2%). Most infections occurred before the quarantine start.
Male breast cancer (MBC) in the VA population: A gender issue?
Authors: Z. Nahleh, R. Srikantiah, R. Komrokji, M. Safa, J. Pancoast, A. Muhleman, A. Jazieh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

587 Background: The incidence of MBC continues to rise. Few studies have addressed the differences between MBC and female breast cancer (FBC). Treatment for MBC has ben extrapolated from FBC regimens. The VA cancer registry (VACCR) provides a unique source to study MBC. This retrospective analysis aims at comparing the characteristics and outcome of MBC and FBC in the VA population. Methods: We reviewed the VACCR database between 1995 and 2005, for 120 VA medical centers. Primary breast cancer site codes were identified (500–508). Data was entered and analyzed using bio-statistical software SPSS. Results: A total of 3025 patients :612 MBC and 2413 FBC were compared. Mean age at diagnosis was 67 for MBC and 57 for FBC (p &lt;0.005). More MBC patients were black. MBC patients presented with a significantly higher stage of disease, more node positive(N+) and larger tumor size. In MBC, ductal histology was more common while lobular and ductal carcinoma in situ were less common than in FBC. ER + and PR + tumors were significantly more common in MBC (60% vs 52% and 53% vs 47%, P&lt; 0.005). MBC patients received less chemotherapy while no statistical difference in hormonal treatment was observed. The median overall survival (OS) was lower for MBC (7 years vs 9.8 years, p&lt;0.005). OS was not significantly different for stage III and IV while OS was inferior for MBC in stage I (7 yr vs not reached, p 0.005) and stage II (6 vs 8.6yr, p 0.001). In N- tumors, OS was inferior in MBC (6.1 vs 14.6 yr, p&lt;0.005) but not statistically different for N+ tumors . In ER + and PR + tumors, OS was inferior in MBC (7yr vs 8yr and 7.3 yr vs 9.8 yr p&lt;0.005); however, no statistical significance was observed in ER - or PR - tumors. Using Cox regression analysis age, sex, clinical stage, nodal status were statistically independent prognostic factors while race, histology and grade were not. Conclusion: This study suggests differences in the biology, pathology, presentation, and survival between male and female VA breast cancer patients. Survival of MBC patients appears inferior in early stage disease and N- tumors suggesting gender differences in the tumor pathogenesis and biology. In hormone receptor + MBC, survival was also inferior despite similar hormonal treatment practices. This observational study calls for different approach and treatment strategies in MBC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.