tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A novel approach for sentinel lymph node identification using fluorescence imaging and image overlay navigation surgery in patients with breast cancer
Authors: N. Tagaya, A. Abe, M. Tachibana, K. Kubota
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

624 Background: We reported a novel technique of sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification using fluorescence imaging of indocyanine green injection. Furthermore, to obtain safe and accurate identification of SLN during surgery, we introduce the image overlay navigation surgery and evaluate its efficacy. Methods: This study enrolled 30 patients with a tumor less than 3 cm in diameter. Initially we obtained three-dimensional (3-D) imaging from MD-CT by volume rendering of Osirix (Macintosh, Apple Inc.). It was projected on the patient’ operative field with the clear visualization of LN through the micro projector (Mpro 110, Sumitomo 3M). And then the dye of indocyanine green was injected subdermally in the areola. Subcutaneous lymphatic channels draining from the areola to the axilla were visible by fluorescence imagings (Photodynamic eye: PDE, Hamamatsu Photonics Co.) immediately. Lymphatic flow was reached after LN revealed on 3-D imaging. After incising the axillary skin on the point of LN mapping, SLN was then dissected under the guidance of fluorescence and 3-D imaging with adequate adjustment of sensitivity. Results: Lymphatic channels and SLN were successfully identified by PDE in all patients. And the sites of skin incision were also identical with the LN being demonstrated by 3-D imaging in all patients. The mean number of SLN was 2.8. The adjustment of sensitivity of PDE provide with the reduction of operation time. The image overlay navigation surgery was visually easy to identify the location of SLN from the axillary skin. There were no intra- or postoperative complications associated with SLN identification. Conclusions: This combined navigations of fluorescence and 3-D imagings revealed more easy and effective to detect SLN intraoperatively than fluorescence imaging alone. The operator's demand was satisfied with the introduction of image overlay navigation surgery consisted of augmented reality and mixed reality, and it may be practical in the various surgical fields. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A Rapid and Ultrasensitive Thrombin Biosensor Based on a Rationally Designed Trifunctional Protein
Authors: Huayue Zhang, Lu Yang, Xiaqing Zhu, Yanyan Wang, Haitao Yang, Zefang Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Abstract Rapid and sensitive detection of thrombin is imperative for the early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of thrombin‐related diseases. Here, an ultrasensitive and rapid thrombin biosensor is developed based on rationally designed trifunctional protein HTs, comprising three functional units, including a far‐red fluorescent protein smURFP, hydrophobin HGFI, and a thrombin cleavage site (TCS). smURFP is used as a detection signal to eliminate any interference from the autofluorescence of sample matrix to increase detection sensitivity. HGFI serve as an adhesive unit to allow rapid immobilization of HTs on a multiwall plate. The TCS linking HGFI and smURFP function as a sensing element to recognize and detect thrombin. HTs immobilization is symmetrically optimized and characterized. Thrombin assay reveals the specific recognition of active thrombin in samples and the hydrolysis of the immobilized HTs, resulting in a decrease in the fluorescence intensity of the sample in a thrombin concentration‐dependent manner. The limit of detection (LOD) is as low as 0.2 a m in the serum. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the lowest LOD ever reported for any thrombin biosensor. This study sheds light on the engineering of multifunctional proteins for biosensing.
Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 <i>ACE2</i> Receptor in the Human Airway Epithelium
Authors: Haijun Zhang, Mahboubeh R. Rostami, Philip L. Leopold, Jason G. Mezey, Sarah L. O’Beirne, Yael Strulovici-Barel, Ronald G. Crystal
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

Infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a predominantly respiratory illness. The first step in SARS-CoV-2 infection is binding of the virus to
<scp>ABVD</scp> vs <scp>BEACOPP</scp> escalated in advanced‐stage Hodgkin’s lymphoma: Results from a multicenter European study
Authors: Patrizia Mondello, Caterina Musolino, Irene Dogliotti, Jan‐Paul Bohn, Federica Cavallo, Simone Ferrero, Barbara Botto, Claudio Cerchione, Davide Nappi, Sonya De Lorenzo, Giovanni Martinelli, Dominik Wolf, Clemens Schmitt, Giacomo Loseto, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Wolfgang Willenbacher, Michael Mian, David J Straus
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2020)

The optimal first-line treatment for advanced-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is still a matter of debate. While ABVD is less toxic and as effective as other, more intensive chemotherapy regimens, escalated BEACOPP (BEACOPPesc) is superior to ABVD for initial disease control and prolonged time-to-relapse. However, this advantage is associated with higher rate of early and late toxicities. As most of these data have been accumulated from clinical trials, a retrospective analysis was conducted in a large database of patients treated outside clinical trials to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of these regimes in a real-world setting. From October 2009 to October 2018, 397 advanced-stage HL patients treated with either ABVD or BEACOPPesc were retrospectively assessed in 7 European cancer centers (2 Austrian and 5 Italian centers). Complete metabolic remission (CMR) by PET was achieved in 76% and 85% of patients in the ABVD and BEACOPPesc groups, respectively (p = .01). Severe adverse events occurred more frequently with BEACOPPesc than ABVD. At a median follow-up of 8 years, 9% of the patients who achieved CMR after BEACOPPesc relapsed compared to 16.6% in the ABVD group (p = .043). No statistical difference in progression free survival (PFS) was observed between the two cohorts overall (p = .11), but there was a trend towards a superior PFS in high-risk patients treated with BEACOPPesc (p = .074). Nevertheless, overall survival was similar between the two groups (p = .94). In conclusion, we confirm that ABVD is an effective and less toxic therapeutic option for advanced-stage HL. Although BEACOPP results in better initial tumor control, the long-term outcome remains similar between the two regimens.
PATENCY OF EUS-GUIDED GASTROENTEROSTOMY IN THE TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT GASTRIC OUTLET OBSTRUCTION
Authors: JB Kastelijn, LMG Moons, FJ Garcia-Alonso, M Pérez-Miranda, V Masaryk, U Will, I Tarantino, HM van Dullemen, R Bijlsma, JW Poley, MP Schwartz, FP Vleggaar
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) using a Lumen Apposing Metal Stent (LAMS), is a novel, minimally invasive technique in the palliative treatment of malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). Several studies have demonstrated feasibility and safety of EUS-GE. However, evidence on long-term durability is limited. The aim of this study is to evaluate long-term patency of EUS-GE with a LAMS in the treatment of malignant GOO.
Nitrite levels in breath condensate of CF patients are raised in contrast to exhaled Nitric Oxide (NO) levels
Authors: L P Ho, J A Innes, A P Greening
Journal: Thorax (1997)

NO is released by activated macrophages, neutrophils and epithelial cells in vitro and is elevated in the exhaled breath of asthmatics. Exhaled NO has thus been put forward as a marker of airways inflammation. However, we have found that, in contrast to asthma, exhaled NO is not elevated in the inflammatory airways diseases of bronchiectasis and cystic fibrosis (CF)1. We, therefore, questioned if exhaled NO reflected an accurate measure of NO production in the airways, particularly in chronically suppurative airways. We explored this by measuring nitrite, a stable end product of NO oxidation in breath condensate as a surrogate marker of NO production. Methods: 1.5 mls of breath condensate were collected over 6 minutes with subjects exhaling from total lung capacity against a resistance created by 0.5 mm diameter Teflon tubing immersed in ice. Nitrite was assayed using the Griess reaction. 21 clinically stable CF patients (mean age 25.4 y; mean FEV1 53.9%) and 11 normal subjects (mean age 28.8) were studied. Nitrite levels in breath condensate were then compared to exhaled NO levels, measured using the chemiluminescence analyser (Logan Research), and FEV1. Results: We found nitrite levels in CF patients to be significantly higher than normal subjects - median: 1.93 μM v 0.33 μM, p<0.001 by Mann Whitney Rank sum test. In contrast their exhaled NO values were not significantly different from normals1. There was no correlation between nitrite levels and exhaled NO or nitrite and FEV1. (Graph Presented). Conclusion: These results suggest that exhaled NO may not reflect total NO production, particularly in chronically suppurative airways. Exhaled NO does not give an indication of the source of NO production,. Possibly, the majority of NO is produced by inflammatory cells rather than epithelial cells and reacts close to its site of production and therefore not detected as free gas in the breath.
Long-Term Pioglitazone Treatment for Patients With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kenneth Cusi, Beverly Orsak, Fernando Bril, Romina Lomonaco, Joan Hecht, Carolina Ortiz-Lopez, Fermin Tio, Jean Hardies, Celia Darland, Nicolas Musi, Amy Webb, Paola Portillo-Sanchez
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common chronic liver condition affecting obese patients with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Pioglitazone seems to target metabolic defects,...
Evidence of international transmission of HCV in pan-European study of HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM)
Authors: M Danta, T van de Laar, D Brown, O Pybus, S Bhagani, M Vogel, S Neifer, A Baumgarten, H Gotz, J Rockstoh, S Bruisten, G M Dusheiko
Journal: Hepatology (2007)
VALIDATION OF PREDICTIVE MODELS FOR INADEQUATE BOWEL PREPARATION IN COLONOSCOPIES IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL POPULATION
Authors: E Afecto, A Ponte, JC Silva, C Gomes, S Fernandes, J Carvalho
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims According to the ESGE, bowel preparation is a major quality criteria for colonoscopies. Several models were developed to identify patients at risk for inadequate preparation but none is yet validated in external cohorts.
Loss of SIRT1 in diabetes accelerates DNA damage-induced vascular calcification
Authors: Francesca Bartoli-Leonard, Fiona L Wilkinson, Andrew Schiro, Ferdinand Serracino Inglott, M Yvonne Alexander, Ria Weston
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2020)

Abstract Aims Vascular calcification is a recognized predictor of cardiovascular risk in the diabetic patient, with DNA damage and accelerated senescence linked to oxidative stress-associated pathological calcification. Having previously shown that systemic SIRT1 is reduced in diabetes, the aim was to establish whether SIRT1 is protective against a DNA damage-induced senescent and calcified phenotype in diabetic vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs). Methods and results Immunohistochemistry revealed decreased SIRT1 and increased DNA damage marker expression in diabetic calcified arteries compared to non-diabetic and non-calcified controls, strengthened by findings that vSMCs isolated from diabetic patients show elevated DNA damage and senescence, assessed by the Comet assay and telomere length. Hyperglycaemic conditions were used and induced DNA damage and enhanced senescence in vSMCs in vitro. Using H2O2 as a model of oxidative stress-induced DNA damage, pharmacological activation of SIRT1 reduced H2O2 DNA damage-induced calcification, prevented not only DNA damage, as shown by reduced comet tail length, but also decreased yH2AX foci formation, and attenuated calcification. While Ataxia Telanglectasia Mutated (ATM) expression was reduced following DNA damage, in contrast, SIRT1 activation significantly increased ATM expression, phosphorylating both MRE11 and NBS1, thus allowing formation of the MRN complex and increasing activation of the DNA repair pathway. Conclusion DNA damage-induced calcification is accelerated within a diabetic environment and can be attenuated in vitro by SIRT1 activation. This occurs through enhancement of the MRN repair complex within vSMCs and has therapeutic potential within the diabetic patient.
Effect of Once-Weekly Oral Alendronate on Bone Loss in Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Susan L. Greenspan, Joel B. Nelson, Donald L. Trump, Neil M. Resnick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer increases risk for bone loss and fractures. The researchers randomly assigned patients with prostate cancer receiving ADT to alendronate or pl...
IS THE ADENOMA DETECTION RATE AN IMPORTANT INDICATOR IN THE DETECTION OF OTHER NON-NEOPLASTIC FINDINGS?
Authors: aC Gomes, A Ponte, R Pinho, A Rodrigues, AP Silva, M Sousa, JC Silva, E Afecto, J Carvalho
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Adenoma detection rate (ADR) is the proportion of screening colonoscopy patients who are found to have at least one adenoma. ADR has been inversely associated with the risk of CRC and death. However little is known about the correlation of the adenoma detection rate and the detection of other non-neoplasic findings. The aim of this study was to evaluate if ADR is associated with a higher detection of non-neoplasic findings.
A predictive model for disease progression in non-severely ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Mengyao Ji, Lei Yuan, Wei Shen, Junwei Lv, Yong Li, Jia Chen, Chaonan Zhu, Bo Liu, Zhenzhen Liang, Qiang Lin, Wenjie Xie, Ming Li, Zhifan Chen, Xuefang Lu, YiJuan Ding, Ping An, Sheng Zhu, Mengting Gao, Hao Ni, Lanhua Hu, Guanglei Shi, Lei Shi, Weiguo Dong
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Over the past 3 months, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged across China and developed into a worldwide outbreak [1]. The disease has caused varying degrees of illness. The proportion of patients with COVID-19 with non-severe illness was 84.3% on admission, and severe cases accounted for 15.7% [2]. Most of the non-severe pneumonia patients would gradually alleviate and be cured with treatment, while others would rapidly progress to severe illness, which has a poor prognosis [3, 4]. As recently reported, the cumulative risk of the composite end-point was 3.6% in all COVID-19 patients, and the cumulative risk was 20.6% for severe illness [2]. A predictive model for COVID-19 <https://bit.ly/2WHiEkJ>
GASTRIC ENDOSCOPIC SLEEVE PLICATION (GESP): AN INTERNATIONAL MULTICENTER PROSPECTIVE TRIAL
Authors: R Turro, JCE Perez, M Ble, M Rosinach, J Michelena, A Mata, GL Nava, BA Dayeh
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Obesity is a major desesase, endoscopic procedures are becoming important tool for obesity treatment. The Gastric Endoscopic Sleeve Plication (GESP) procedure, performed using the Incisionless Operating Platform (IOP) (USGI, San Clemente, CA), involves a new pattern of full-thickness gastric plications with durable suture anchor pairs that both shortens and tabularizes the greater curvature of the stomach . This international, protocol-driven, prospective multicenter trial examined the impact of the safety and efficacy of the GESP procedure.
Dupilumab reduces risk of severe exacerbations and improves FEV1 in patients on both high- and medium dose ICS with uncontrolled, moderate-to-severe asthma from the phase 3 LIBERTY ASTHMA QUEST Study
Authors: I Pavord, A Papi, S Wenzel, H Park, B Zhang, H Staudinger, J Maroni, P Rowe, N Amin, G Pirozzi, M Ruddy, B Akinlade, Graham Nmh., A Teper
Journal: Allergy (2018)
Multiclass semantic segmentation and quantification of traumatic brain injury lesions on head CT using deep learning: an algorithm development and multicentre validation study
Authors: Miguel Monteiro, Virginia F J Newcombe, Francois Mathieu, Krishma Adatia, Konstantinos Kamnitsas, Enzo Ferrante, Tilak Das, Daniel Whitehouse, Daniel Rueckert, David K Menon, Ben Glocker
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2020)

BackgroundCT is the most common imaging modality in traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, its conventional use requires expert clinical interpretation and does not provide detailed quantitative outputs, which may have prognostic importance. We aimed to use deep learning to reliably and efficiently quantify and detect different lesion types.MethodsPatients were recruited between Dec 9, 2014, and Dec 17, 2017, in 60 centres across Europe. We trained and validated an initial convolutional neural network (CNN) on expert manual segmentations (dataset 1). This CNN was used to automatically segment a new dataset of scans, which we then corrected manually (dataset 2). From this dataset, we used a subset of scans to train a final CNN for multiclass, voxel-wise segmentation of lesion types. The performance of this CNN was evaluated on a test subset. Performance was measured for lesion volume quantification, lesion progression, and lesion detection and lesion volume classification. For lesion detection, external validation was done on an independent set of 500 patients from India.Findings98 scans from one centre were included in dataset 1. Dataset 2 comprised 839 scans from 38 centres: 184 scans were used in the training subset and 655 in the test subset. Compared with manual reference, CNN-derived lesion volumes showed a mean difference of 0·86 mL (95% CI −5·23 to 6·94) for intraparenchymal haemorrhage, 1·83 mL (−12·01 to 15·66) for extra-axial haemorrhage, 2·09 mL (−9·38 to 13·56) for perilesional oedema, and 0·07 mL (−1·00 to 1·13) for intraventricular haemorrhage.InterpretationWe show the ability of a CNN to separately segment, quantify, and detect multiclass haemorrhagic lesions and perilesional oedema. These volumetric lesion estimates allow clinically relevant quantification of lesion burden and progression, with potential applications for personalised treatment strategies and clinical research in TBI.FundingEuropean Union 7th Framework Programme, Hannelore Kohl Stiftung, OneMind, NeuroTrauma Sciences, Integra Neurosciences, European Research Council Horizon 2020
Substituting Walnuts for Monounsaturated Fat Improves the Serum Lipid Profile of Hypercholesterolemic Men and Women
Authors: Daniel Zambón, Joan Sabaté, Sonia Muñoz, Betina Campero, Elena Casals, Manuel Merlos, Juan C. Laguna, Emilio Ros
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Previous studies have reported that walnuts decrease serum cholesterol levels in young men. In this study of men and women with polygenic hypercholesterolemia, substituting walnuts for part of the ...
Argon plasma coagulation for Barrett’s esophagus with low-grade dysplasia: a randomized trial with long-term follow-up on the impact of power setting and proton pump inhibitor dose
Authors: Ewa Wronska, Marcin Polkowski, Janina Orlowska, Andrzej Mroz, Paulina Wieszczy, Jaroslaw Regula
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Background This study evaluated the impact of power setting and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) dose on efficacy and safety of argon plasma coagulation (APC) of Barrett’s esophagus (BE) with low-grade dysplasia (LGD). Methods 71 patients were randomized to APC with power set at 90 W or 60 W followed by 120 mg or 40 mg omeprazole. The primary outcome was the rate of complete (endoscopic and histologic) ablation of BE at 6 weeks. Secondary outcomes included safety and long-term efficacy. Results Complete ablation rate in the 90 W/120 mg, 90 W/40 mg, and 60 W/120 mg groups was 78 % (18/23; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 61–95), 60 % (15/25; 95 %CI 41–79), 74 % (17/23; 95 %CI 56–92), respectively, at 6 weeks and 70 % (16/23; 95 %CI 51–88), 52 % (13/25; 95 %CI 32–72), and 65 % (15/23; 95 %CI 46–85) at 2 years post-treatment (differences not significant). Additional APC was required in 28 patients (23 residual and 5 recurrent BE). At median follow-up of 108 months, 66/71 patients (93 %; 95 %CI 87–99) maintained complete ablation. No high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma developed. Overall, adverse events (97 % mild) did not differ significantly between groups. Chest pain/discomfort was more frequent in patients receiving 90 W vs. 60 W power (P &lt; 0.001). One patient had esophageal perforation and two developed stenosis. Conclusions APC power setting and PPI dose did not impact efficacy and safety of BE ablation. Complete ablation of BE with LGD was durable in &gt; 90 % of patients, without any evidence of neoplasia progression in the long term.
OUTCOMES FOLLOWING SURGERY FOR COMPLETELY REMOVED COLONIC LATERAL SPREADING LESIONS CONTAINING SUB-MUCOSAL INVASIVE CANCER
Authors: MA Arisha, A Koritni, I Maza, E Half, R Muaalem, S Bana, M Haj-yahya, W Khuri, R Kariv, H Awadie, A Klein
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Management of malignant colorectal polyps can be endoscopic or surgical but the best approach has yet to be defined since prospective data is lacking. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is the treatment of choice for large (>20 mm) lateral spreading colonic lesions (LSL) with high success rates, good safety profile and clinical and economic advantages compared with surgery. There is no data on the outcome and management of malignant LSL (M-LSL) following complete removal by piecemeal EMR. We aimed to determine if salvage surgery for M-LSL following complete EMR resection is necessary.
AMPULLECTOMY, STONE REMOVAL FOLLOWED BY SNARE POLYPECTOMY OF LOWER INTRADUCTAL ADENOMA AND ABLATION BY ARGON PLASMA COAGULATION
Authors: N Idrees, H Taha, S Hebbar
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

A 70 year old male was diagnosed to have bile duct stones on MRCP, when presented with abdominal pain and altered LFT`s. Ampullary adenoma was noted on ERCP. Ampullectomy was done. Balloon sphincteroplasty was done and 2 stones were extracted from the dilated duct. Lower ductal adenoma was noted and this was removed by snare polypectomy. Argon plasma coagulation was done for the remnant lesions. Nasoendoscope direct cholangioscopy was done to confirm there is no further extension of biliary adenoma. 3 months later, tiny remnants were ablated (APC).
SNARE TIP SOFT COAGULATION OF THE MUCOSAL DEFECT MARGIN FOLLOWING COLONIC ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL RESECTION (EMR) REDUCES RECURRENCE IN A ‘REAL LIFE’ SETTING
Authors: MA Arisha, A Koritni, I Maza, E Half, H Awadie, S Bana, R Muaalem, A Klein
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims EMR is the treatment of choice for Large (>20 mm) colonic lateral spreading lesions (LSL) wuth high success rates, good safety profile and multiple advantages compared with surgery. A recent randomized study from Australia, demonstrated that ablation of the post-EMR mucosal defect margin using snare tip soft coagulation (STSC) significantly reduced polyp recurrence at surveillance.
IMPACT OF EUS AND EUS-GUIDED ASPIRATION (FNA) AND BIOPSY (FNB) ON MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED PANCREATIC NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS
Authors: M Zorniak, M Wojcik, P Dziadkiewicz, M Chapula, K Baranski, M Kajor, B Kos-Kudla, M Hartleb
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims EUS has major impact on decision-making during diagnosis of pancreatic solid lesions. However, most of available evidence concerns suspicion of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and data focusing on influence of EUS in suspicion of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) is scarce. Importantly, management strategies differ substantially between PNETs and PDACs. Our aim was to retrospectively analyze influence of EUS in patients with suspected PNETs on major treatment decisions. We have also investigated safety of the procedure and differences in sampling between aspiration (FNA) and biopsy (FNB) needles.
RISK FOR SURGERY IN PATIENTS WITH POLYPOSIS SYNDROME AFTER DEVICE ASSISTED ENTEROSCOPY(DAE): LONG TERM FOLLOW-UP
Authors: C Marmo, A Tortora, G Costamagna, ME Riccioni
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of DAE in detection and treatment of small bowel polyps to reduce the risk of surgery. Secondary objectives are complications and mortality.