tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TCT CONNECT-452 The Utility of Ambulatory Event Monitoring in Detecting Delayed Conduction Abnormalities After TAVR
Authors: Mohanad Hamandi, Karim Al-Azizi, Allison Lanfear, LuAnn Caras, Amr Idris, Jared Christensen, Srinivasa Potluri, Michael Mack, Molly Szerlip
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Adult Medulloblastoma Depicted With 99mTc-HYNIC-[D-Phe1, Tyr3-Octreotide] SPECT/CT
Authors: Trifon Spyridonidis, Nikolaos Papathanasiou, Maria Spiliotopoulou, Costas Papadimitropoulos, Dimitrios J. Apostolopoulos
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract Although medulloblastoma constitutes the second most common malignant brain tumor in children, it encountered very rarely in adults. The incidence of adult medulloblastoma is approximately 0.6 to 1 case per million. It accounts for less than 1% of adult brain tumors and is located most commonly at the posterior cranial fossa. We present an extremely rare case of a 67-year-old man with cerebellar medulloblastoma with residual disease after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, depicted with 99m Tc-HYNIC-[D-Phe 1 , Tyr 3 -Octreotide] SPECT/CT. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy was performed for staging and for the possibility of treatment with somatostatin analogs or peptide radionuclide therapy.
Clinical phenotypes of extrapulmonary sarcoidosis: an analysis of a French, multi-ethnic, multicentre cohort
Authors: Raphael Lhote, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Hilario Nunes, David Launay, Raphael Borie, Karim Sacré, Nicolas Schleinitz, Mohamed Hamidou, Matthieu Mahevas, Hervé Devilliers, Philippe Bonniaud, François Lhote, Julien Haroche, Pierre Rufat, Zahir Amoura, Dominique Valeyre, Fleur Cohen Aubart
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Sarcoidosis is a rare disease of unknown cause with wide heterogeneity in clinical features and outcomes. We aimed to explore sarcoidosis phenotypes and their clinical relevance with particular attention to extrapulmonary subgroups. The Epidemiology of Sarcoidosis (EpiSarc) study is a French retrospective multicentre study. Sarcoidosis patients were identified through national hospitalisation records using appropriate codes from 11 hospital centres between 2013 and 2016 according to a standardised protocol. Medical charts were reviewed. The phenotypes of sarcoidosis were defined using a hierarchical cluster analysis. A total of 1237 patients were included (562 men and 675 women). The mean age at sarcoidosis diagnosis was 43.5±13 years. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified five distinct phenotypes according to organ involvement and disease type and symptoms: 1) erythema nodosum, joint involvement and hilar lymph nodes (n=180); 2) eye, neurological, digestive and kidney involvement (n=137); 3) pulmonary involvement with fibrosis and heart involvement (n=630); 4) lupus pernio and a high percentage of severe involvement (n=41); and 5) hepatosplenic, peripheral lymph node and bone involvement (n=249). Phenotype 1 was associated with being European/Caucasian and female and with non-manual work, phenotype 2 with being European/Caucasian, and phenotypes 3 and 5 with being non-European/Caucasian. The labour worker proportion was significantly lower in phenotype 5 than in the other phenotypes. This multicentre study confirms the existence of distinct phenotypes of sarcoidosis, with a non-random distribution of organ involvement. These phenotypes differ according to sex, geographical origin and socioprofessional category.
Association of Maternal Prepregnancy Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus With Congenital Anomalies of the Newborn
Authors: Yuxiao Wu, Buyun Liu, Yangbo Sun, Yang Du, Mark K. Santillan, Donna A. Santillan, Linda G. Snetselaar, Wei Bao
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

OBJECTIVE To examine the association of maternal prepregnancy diabetes, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and 12 subtypes of congenital anomalies of the newborn. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included 29,211,974 live births with maternal age ranging from 18 to 49 years old documented in the National Vital Statistics System in the U.S. from 2011 to 2018. Information on prepregnancy diabetes, GDM, and congenital anomalies was retrieved from birth certificates. Log-binomial regression was used to estimate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs for congenital anomalies overall and by subtypes. RESULTS Of the 29,211,974 live births, there were 90,061 infants who had congenital anomalies identified at birth. The adjusted RRs of congenital anomalies at birth were 2.44 (95% CI 2.33–2.55) for prepregnancy diabetes and 1.28 (95% CI 1.24–1.31) for GDM. The associations were generally consistent across subgroups by maternal age, race/ethnicity, prepregnancy obesity status, and infant sex. For specific subtypes of congenital anomalies, maternal prepregnancy diabetes or GDM was associated with an increased risk of most subtypes. For example, the adjusted RRs of cyanotic congenital heart disease were 4.61 (95% CI 4.28–4.96) for prepregnancy diabetes and 1.50 (95% CI 1.43–1.58) for GDM; the adjusted RRs of hypospadias were 1.88 (95% CI 1.67–2.12) for prepregnancy diabetes and 1.29 (95% CI 1.21–1.36) for GDM. CONCLUSIONS Prepregnancy diabetes and, to a lesser extent, GDM were associated with several subtypes of congenital anomalies of the newborn. These findings suggest potential benefits of preconception counseling in women with preexisting diabetes or at risk for GDM for the prevention of congenital anomalies.
TCT CONNECT-317 Twelve-Month Clinical Outcomes of Sirolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Peripheral Scaffold System Following Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty of Below-the-Knee Arteries in Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia: The CREDENCE BtK-1 Study
Authors: Vimal Someshwar, Vijay Thakore, Pankaj Banode, Dhanesh Kamerkar, Gireesh Warwadekar, Kumud Rai, Narenda Khanna, Vivek Ukirde, P.C. Gupta, Sanjay Desai, Sanjay Tyagi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
TCT CONNECT-17 Ambient Temperature and Infarct Size, Microvascular Obstruction, Left Ventricular Function, and Clinical Outcomes After ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Bjorn Redfors, Matheus Simonato dos Santos, Shmuel Chen, Flavien Vincent, Zixuan Zhang, Holger Thiele, Ingo Eitel, Manesh Patel, Akiko Maehara, Gregg Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
TCT CONNECT-162 Predictors of Adverse Events in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery Within 1 Year of PCI
Authors: Davide Cao, Julie Swain, Samantha Sartori, Matteo Nardin, Zhongjie Zhang, Anastasios Roumeliotis, Rishi Chandiramani, Johny Nicolas, Mauro Chiarito, Bimmer Claessen, Ridhima Goel, George Dangas, Samin Sharma, Annapoorna Kini, Roxana Mehran
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Carotid Artery Stenting
Authors: Ioana Baiu, Jordan R. Stern
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Seng Chan You, MD, MS; Yeunsook Rho, PhD; Behnood Bikdeli, MD, MS; Jiwoo Kim, MS; Anastasios Siapos, MSc; James Weaver, MSc; Ajit Londhe, MPH; Jaehyeong Cho, BS; Jimyung Park, BS; Martijn Schuemie, PhD; Marc A. Suchard, MD, PhD; David Madigan, PhD; George Hripcsak, MD, MS; Aakriti Gupta, MD, MS; Christian G. Reich, MD; Patrick B. Ryan, PhD; Rae Woong Park, MD, PhD; Harlan M. Krumholz, MD, SM
TCT CONNECT-83 Association of Computed Tomography Derived Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain With Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Miho Fukui, Go Hashimoto, Bernardo Lopes, Yu Du, Santiago Garcia, Mario Goessl, Maurice Sarano, Paul Sorajja, John Lesser, João Cavalcante
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Liverpool Lung Project lung cancer risk stratification model: calibration and prospective validation
Authors: John K Field, Daniel Vulkan, Michael P A Davies, Stephen W Duffy, Rhian Gabe
Journal: Thorax (2020)

Background Early detection of lung cancer saves lives, as demonstrated by the two largest published low-dose CT screening trials. Optimal implementation depends on our ability to identify those most at risk. Methods Version 2 of the Liverpool Lung Project risk score (LLPv2) was developed from case-control data in Liverpool and further adapted when applied for selection of subjects for the UK Lung Screening Trial. The objective was to produce version 3 (LLPv3) of the model, by calibration to national figures for 2017. We validated both LLPv2 and LLPv3 using questionnaire data from 75 958 individuals, followed up for lung cancer over 5 years. We validated both discrimination, using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and absolute incidence, by comparing deciles of predicted incidence with observed incidence. We calculated proportionate difference as the percentage excess or deficit of observed cancers compared with those predicted. We also carried out Hosmer-Lemeshow tests. Results There were 599 lung cancers diagnosed over 5 years. The discrimination of both LLPv2 and LLPv3 was significant with an area under the ROC curve of 0.81 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.82). However, LLPv2 overestimated absolute risk in the population. The proportionate difference was −58.3% (95% CI −61.6% to −54.8%), that is, the actual number of cancers was only 42% of the number predicted. In LLPv3, calibrated to national 2017 figures, the proportionate difference was −22.0% (95% CI −28.1% to −15.5%). Conclusions While LLPv2 and LLPv3 have the same discriminatory power, LLPv3 improves the absolute lung cancer risk prediction and should be considered for use in further UK implementation studies.
An Atypical Cause of Obstructive Shock
Authors: Mirza Baig, Khaled Nada, Aesha Aboueisha, Shawn Nishi
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

"An Atypical Cause of Obstructive Shock." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 203(4), pp. e7–e8
Substance P Release by Sensory Neurons Triggers Dendritic Cell Migration and Initiates the Type-2 Immune Response to Allergens
Authors: Caroline Perner, Cameron H. Flayer, Xueping Zhu, Pamela A. Aderhold, Zaynah N.A. Dewan, Tiphaine Voisin, Ryan B. Camire, Ohn A. Chow, Isaac M. Chiu, Caroline L. Sokol
Journal: Immunity (2020)
TCT CONNECT-237 Angiographic Characteristics and Long-Term Outcomes of Single-Vessel Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Versus Without Prior Myocardial Infarction History
Authors: Xiaoying Hu, Shubin Qiao, Lei Song, Changdong Guan, Lihua Xie, Fan Wu, Weixian Yang, Bo Xu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
TCT CONNECT-453 Risk of Coronary Obstruction and Feasibility of Coronary Access After Repeat Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement With Self-Expanding Prostheses
Authors: Brian Forrestal, Brian Case, Charan Yerasi, Corey Shea, Rebecca Torguson, Cheng Zhang, Itsik Ben-Dor, Teshome Deksissa, Syed Ali, Lowell Satler, Christian Shults, Gaby Weissman, John Wang, Jaffar Khan, Ron Waksman, Toby Rogers
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Chest x-ray analysis with deep learning-based software as a triage test for pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy for culture-confirmed disease
Authors: Faiz Ahmad Khan, Arman Majidulla, Gamuchirai Tavaziva, Ahsana Nazish, Syed Kumail Abidi, Andrea Benedetti, Dick Menzies, James C Johnston, Aamir Javed Khan, Saima Saeed
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2020)

Deep learning-based radiological image analysis could facilitate use of chest x-rays as triage tests for pulmonary tuberculosis in resource-limited settings. We sought to determine whether commercially available chest x-ray analysis software meet WHO recommendations for minimal sensitivity and specificity as pulmonary tuberculosis triage tests.We recruited symptomatic adults at the Indus Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. We compared two software, qXR version 2.0 (qXRv2) and CAD4TB version 6.0 (CAD4TBv6), with a reference of mycobacterial culture of two sputa. We assessed qXRv2 using its manufacturer prespecified threshold score for chest x-ray classification as tuberculosis present versus not present. For CAD4TBv6, we used a data-derived threshold, because it does not have a prespecified one. We tested for non-inferiority to preset WHO recommendations (0·90 for sensitivity, 0·70 for specificity) using a non-inferiority limit of 0·05. We identified factors associated with accuracy by stratification and logistic regression.We included 2198 (92·7%) of 2370 enrolled participants. 2187 (99·5%) of 2198 were HIV-negative, and 272 (12·4%) had culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis. For both software, accuracy was non-inferior to WHO-recommended minimum values (qXRv2 sensitivity 0·93 [95% CI 0·89-0·95], non-inferiority p=0·0002; CAD4TBv6 sensitivity 0·93 [0·90-0·96], p<0·0001; qXRv2 specificity 0·75 [0·73-0·77], p<0·0001; CAD4TBv6 specificity 0·69 [0·67-0·71], p=0·0003). Sensitivity was lower in smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis for both software, and in women for CAD4TBv6. Specificity was lower in men and in those with previous tuberculosis, and reduced with increasing age and decreasing body mass index. Smoking and diabetes did not affect accuracy.In an HIV-negative population, these software met WHO-recommended minimal accuracy for pulmonary tuberculosis triage tests. Sensitivity will be lower when smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis is more prevalent.Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
TCT CONNECT-97 The Impact of Valvular Hemodynamics Post-TAVR for Native Aortic Stenosis on 1-Year Outcomes: A Multicenter International Retrospective Study
Authors: Amr Abbas, Amer N. Kadri, Taishi Okuno, Sammy Elmariah, Philippe Pibarot, Alexander Camacho, Alexandra Selberg, Ramy Mando, Karim Al-Azizi, Steven Almany, Alessandro Vivacqua, Julien Ternacle, Jared Christensen, Thomas Waggoner, Neil Gheewala, George Hanzel, Francis Shannon, Houman Khalili, Michael Mack, Thomas Pilgrim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Association of Infectious Disease Physician Approval of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter With Appropriateness and Complications
Authors: Valerie M. Vaughn, Megan O’Malley, Scott A. Flanders, Tejal N. Gandhi, Lindsay A. Petty, Anurag N. Malani, Allison Weinmann, Jennifer K. Horowitz, Vineet Chopra
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are frequently used to deliver intravenous antimicrobial therapy. However, inappropriate PICC use may lead to patient harm. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate whether infectious disease physician approval prior to PICC placement for intravenous antimicrobials is associated with more appropriate device use and fewer complications. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cohort study of 21 653 PICCs placed for a primary indication of intravenous antimicrobial therapy between January 1, 2015, and July 26, 2019, was conducted in 42 hospitals participating in a quality collaborative across Michigan among hospitalized medical patients. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Appropriateness of PICCs was defined according to the Michigan Appropriateness Guide for Intravenous Catheters as a composite measure of (1) single-lumen catheter use, (2) avoiding use of PICCs for 5 days or less, and (3) avoiding use of PICCs for patients with chronic kidney disease (defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt;45 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>). Complications related to PICCs included catheter occlusion, deep vein thrombosis, and central line–associated bloodstream infection. The association between infectious disease physician approval, device appropriateness, and catheter complications was assessed using multivariable models, adjusted for patient comorbidities and hospital clustering. Results were expressed as odds ratios with 95% CIs. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 21 653 PICCs were placed for intravenous antimicrobials (11 960 PICCs were placed in men [55.2%]; median age, 64.5 years [interquartile range, 53.4-75.4 years]); 10 238 PICCs (47.3%) were approved by an infectious disease physician prior to placement. Compared with PICCs with no documented approval, PICCs with approval by an infectious disease physician were more likely to be appropriately used (72.7% [7446 of 10 238] appropriate with approval vs 45.4% [5180 of 11 415] appropriate without approval; odds ratio, 3.53; 95% CI, 3.29-3.79;<i>P</i> &lt; .001). Furthermore, approval was associated with lower odds of a PICC-related complication (6.5% [665 of 10 238] with approval vs 11.3% [1292 of 11 415] without approval; odds ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.50-0.61). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This cohort study suggests that, when PICCs were placed for intravenous antimicrobial therapy, infectious disease physician approval of PICC insertion was associated with more appropriate device use and fewer complications. Policies aimed at ensuring infectious disease physician approval prior to PICC placement for antimicrobials may improve patient safety.
TCT CONNECT-93 Commissural Alignment in Evolut TAVR: Results From the Low Risk LTI Substudy
Authors: Gilbert Tang, Sophia Alexis, Aditya Sengupta, Syed Zaid, Jonathon Leipsic, Philipp Blanke, Kendra Grubb, Hemal Gada, Steven Yakubov, Stamatios Lerakis, Sahil Khera, Samin Sharma, Annapoorna Kini, Michael Reardon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Down-regulation of Beclin1 promotes direct cardiac reprogramming
Authors: Li Wang, Hong Ma, Peisen Huang, Yifang Xie, David Near, Haofei Wang, Jun Xu, Yuchen Yang, Yangxi Xu, Tiffany Garbutt, Yang Zhou, Ziqing Liu, Chaoying Yin, Michael Bressan, Joan M. Taylor, Jiandong Liu, Li Qian
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2020)

Beclin1 suppresses induced cardiomyocyte reprogramming through an autophagy-independent, Wnt signaling–dependent pathway.
There is no ‘Swiss Army Knife’ of thermal indices: the importance of considering ‘why?’ and ‘for whom?’ when modelling heat stress in sport
Authors: Andrew Grundstein, Jennifer Vanos
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2020)

Combining extreme heat with exercise increases the risks of exertional heat illness, impairs performance and imposes thermoregulatory strain on athletes.1 What is the best way to monitor heat stress and strain in athletes? Wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT)—a direct environmental measure—coupled with activity modification, has long been used in sports, occupational safety and the military.2 Because of its longevity, it has well-known benefits (eg, simple to calculate/measure; integrates multiple weather variables) and limitations (eg, underestimation of stress of restricted evaporation; poor incorporation of clothing/adjustment factors).3 4 Practical decisions, such as cancelling an event or implementing countermeasures for heat, depend not only on the environmental conditions, but on the nature and length of the activity itself (eg, marathon vs beach volleyball), clothing and athlete anatomical characteristics.

In recent decades, additional heat metrics that are derived from human energy balance models (eg, the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) and the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI)) have been introduced and increasingly applied, even for sporting events.5 These more comprehensive heat indices are designed to provide more meteorologically dynamic outputs to predict heat stress. However, they have their own limitations for sporting applications due to simplified and non-modifiable physiological/behavioural factors that are not sport-specific in their available formats.

Does our field of sport-related environmental physiology need to expand the arsenal of heat monitoring tools–both measurements and models–beyond indices that have been simplified for general applications? This editorial calls attention to the considerations and the potential misuse of thermal indices applied in outdoor sport settings.

A simple thermal index with few inputs might seem useful for clinical purposes. However, it is critical to understand the underlying assumptions and …
A multicenter prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled phase II/III trial for preemptive acute graft-versus-host disease therapy
Authors: Eva M. Weissinger, Jochen Metzger, Michael Schleuning, Christoph Schmid, Diethelm Messinger, Gernot Beutel, Eva-Maria Wagner-Drouet, Johannes Schetelig, Herrad Baurmann, Andreas Rank, Friedrich Stolzl, Kerstin Schäfer-Eckart, Karin Westphal, Wolfgang Bethge, S. von Harsdorf, Donald W. Bunjes, Daniela Heidenreich, Stefan Klein, Ernst Holler, Hans H. Kreipe, Danny Jonigk, Irina Türüchanow, Julia Raad, Armin Papkalla, Heiko von der Leyen, Lothar Hambach, Iyas Hamwi, Steve Ehrlich, Jurgen Krauter, Michael Stadler, Arnold Ganser
Journal: Leukemia (2020)

Abstract Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) contributes to about 50% of transplant-related mortality (non-relapse mortality) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Here the predictive value of a urinary proteomic profile (aGvHD_MS17) was tested together with preemptive prednisolone therapy. Two-hundred and fifty-nine of 267 patients were eligible for analysis. Ninety-two patients were randomized upon aGvHD_MS17 classification factor above 0.1 to receive either prednisolone (2–2.5 mg/kg, N = 44) or placebo ( N = 47; N = 1 randomization failure) for 5 days followed by tapering. The remaining 167 patients formed the observation group. The primary endpoint of the randomized trial was incidence of aGvHD grade II between randomization and day +100 post HSCT. Analysis of the short-term preemptive prednisolone therapy in the randomized patients showed no significant difference in incidence or severity of acute GvHD (HR: 1.69, 95% CI: 0.66–4.32, P = 0.27). Prednisolone as preemptive treatment did not lead to an increase in relapse (20.2% in the placebo and 14.0% in the prednisolone group ( P = 0.46)). The frequency of adverse events was slightly higher in the placebo group (64.4% versus 50%, respectively). Taken together, the results of the Pre-GvHD trial demonstrated the feasibility and safety of preemptive prednisolone treatment in the randomized patients.
Part 7: Systems of Care: 2020 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care
Authors: Katherine M. Berg, Adam Cheng, Ashish R. Panchal, Alexis A. Topjian, Khalid Aziz, Farhan Bhanji, Blair L. Bigham, Karen G. Hirsch, Amber V. Hoover, Michael C. Kurz, Arielle Levy, Yiqun Lin, David J. Magid, Melissa Mahgoub, Mary Ann Peberdy, Amber J. Rodriguez, Comilla Sasson, Eric J. Lavonas
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Survival after cardiac arrest requires an integrated system of people, training, equipment, and organizations working together to achieve a common goal. Part 7 of the 2020 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care focuses on systems of care, with an emphasis on elements that are relevant to a broad range of resuscitation situations. Previous systems of care guidelines have identified a Chain of Survival, beginning with prevention and early identification of cardiac arrest and proceeding through resuscitation to post–cardiac arrest care. This concept is reinforced by the addition of recovery as an important stage in cardiac arrest survival. Debriefing and other quality improvement strategies were previously mentioned and are now emphasized. Specific to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, this Part contains recommendations about community initiatives to promote cardiac arrest recognition, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, public access defibrillation, mobile phone technologies to summon first responders, and an enhanced role for emergency telecommunicators. Germane to in-hospital cardiac arrest are recommendations about the recognition and stabilization of hospital patients at risk for developing cardiac arrest. This Part also includes recommendations about clinical debriefing, transport to specialized cardiac arrest centers, organ donation, and performance measurement across the continuum of resuscitation situations.