tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Symmetrical Gangrene in the African
Authors: J. G. Salter
Journal: BMJ (1947)

SIR,-Being a very young doctor, it is with some diffidence that I criticize our old-established customs and institutions, but the letter of Dr. S. L. Simpson (June 28, p. 949) shows up in sharp contrast to many of the criticisms I have heard from my friends and seniors about medicine in the U.S.A.I spent 21 years at medical school in Boston, with a three- month break to visit Johns Hopkins, and feel justified in making a few comments on the contrast between these schools and our own London and university teaching systems.Without doubt the most inspiring teaching that I have ever had was at Harvard Medical School.; and yet, taken as individual teachers, some of those from whom I have been privileged to learn in this country are without equal anywhere.It was not the system of teaching at Harvard that impressed me, with its frequent examinations throughout the course, which came first as a rude shock and then as a rather unpleasant stimulant to one used to the more haphazard and individualistic Cambridge ideas, but the atmo- sphere.It was the continual thirst after new knowledge of our teachers and the way in which they accepted all criticism and questioning, whether from students or colleagues, as genuine attempts at furthering knowledge rather than sly traps by rivals.Everyone was kept very much alive, and a spirit of friendship and co-operation pervaded.Dr. Simpson mentions the " collaborative sessions " at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital.One of these was a weekly event called the " Clinico-Pathological Conference " and locally known as the C.P.C. (The Massachusetts General Hospital also had one weekly.)These were so good and so helpful to us as students that I feel justi- fied in describing them in the hopes that a similar session may be introduced into some of our hospitals.They were organized by the pathology department, which would collect the notes from an old case that had been treated in the hospital and extract them on to a mimeographed sheet containing: (1) the patient's complaint as described by himself; (2) the past history of the patient up to admission; (3) the clinical findings as recorded on entry and the relevant laboratory findings; (4) a very brief outline of the patient's course in hospital, finishing with either " an operation was per- formed " or "the patient died."These sheets were distributed to all those attending, and a guest speaker, usually from another hos- pital but certainly a doctor who had no previous knowledge of the case, was invited to discuss the diagnosis and therapy.X-ray films were provided, and he could, if he wished, ask for and expect advice- on any points outside his own specialty.The case was always chosen taking into consideration the speaker's special subjects, so
Outcomes after Treatment with Upfront Cyclophosphamide or Rituximab for Initial Acquired Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Mouhamed Yazan Abou-Ismail, Yasmin Arafah, Pingfu Fu, Shufen Cao, Alvin H. Schmaier, Lalitha V. Nayak
Journal: Blood (2019)
Efficacy of the Pan-Bcl-2 Inhibitor (Obatoclax) As a Single Agent to Treat Myeloproliferative Neoplasm in JAK2V617F Murine Transplantation Model
Authors: Thiago Mantello Bianco, Juan L Coelho-Silva, Diego A Pereira-Martins, Priscila Santos Scheucher, Isabel Weinhäuser, Antonio Bruno Alves Silva, Cleide Lucia Silva, Ann Mullally, Susumu S Kobayashi, Eduardo M Rego, Fabiola Traina, Lorena Lobo Figueiredo-Pontes
Journal: Blood (2019)
EPID-10. VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLIC EVENTS IN GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS: AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL VIEW
Authors: Dorothee Gramatzki, Patrick Roth, Emilie Le Rhun, Elisabeth Rushing, Sabine Rohrmann, Rolf Stahel, Michael Weller
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolic events (VTE) are a common complication in cancer patients. Anticoagulant use is the appropriate treatment for acute VTE in cancer, although assumed to be associated with increased risk for bleeding. The population-based relationship of VTE and anticoagulant therapy to survival in glioblastoma patients remains unclear. METHODS Frequency, risk factors, treatment and complications of VTE were assessed in a glioblastoma cohort in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland (2010 to 2014). Survival data were retrospectively analyzed using the log rank test. RESULTS 248 glioblastoma patients with known isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wildtype status were identified in a 5-year time-frame. Median overall survival (OS) was 12.8 months (95% CI 11.0–14.6), with a median follow up of 60.7 months (95% CI 51.4–70.0). VTE were diagnosed in 35 patients (14.4%; 5 out of 248 patients with no follow-up data on VTE). Median time from diagnosis to VTE was 2.23 months (95% CI 0.6–3.9); 3 patients (8.6%) had a history of VTE. Most patients were on steroids at time of diagnosis of VTE (68.6%), and a Karnofsky Performance Score of less than 70% was documented in 21 patients (60%). Most patients with VTE (88.6%) received therapeutic anticoagulation. Complications, resulting in the cessation of therapeutic anticoagulation, occurred in 11 patients (35.5%), mainly (9 patients, 81.8%) due to intracranial hemorrhage. OS did not differ between patients diagnosed with VTE and those without VTE (p=0.103). Tumor progression was the major cause of death (91.3%); 1.4% of patients died from VTE; 1.9% of the patients suffered unexpected sudden death. CONCLUSION Although VTE were identified in 14.4% of glioblastoma patients, VTE were not the major reason for death. These data do not support the implementation of primary thromboprophylaxis in glioblastoma patients. Prospective clinical trials are needed to examine the association of anticoagulant use with survival in glioblastoma patients.
PATH-62. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SEX-ASSOCIATED MGMT METHYLATION IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Addison Barnett, Anas Saeed Bamashmos, Hong Li, David Bosler, Justin Lathia, Gabrielle Yeaney, Assad Ali, Soumya Sagar, Alireza Mohammadi, Glen Stevens, Lilyana Angelov, David Peereboom, Gene Barnett, Manmeet Ahluwalia
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract INTRO/OBJECTIVE Glioblastoma (GBM) and MGMT have been reported to have sexual dimorphism. In multiple studies, including our own population-based cohort analysis, females had higher rates of MGMT methylation and improved methylation-associated progression-free and overall survival outcomes compared to males. MGMT methylation is assessed as a mean of five cysteine-phosphate-guanine (CpG1-5) islands (CpG methylation is highly inversely correlated with MGMT RNA expression). The primary objective of this study was to investigate differences in mean and individual CpG methylation by sex. METHODS 155 patients who underwent first surgical intervention for newly diagnosed GBM at a single tertiary care institution between 2016 and 2018 were reviewed. Of these, 135 patients had available CpG methylation data determined by a clinically validated test using bisulfate conversion followed by PCR and pyrosequencing. MGMT was defined as methylated if the mean of CpG1-5 ≥ 12. The mean of CpG1-5 and each CpG parameter were compared by sex using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS Overall (mean age 62, 34% female, 42% MGMT methylated), the median (IQR) of mean degree of methylation was 4.0% (2–33) and median CpG1-5 ranged from 3.0 to 4.5%. More females (53.3%) were MGMT methylated than males (37.1%). Females had significantly higher rates of mean methylation compared to males (14.0 vs 3.0%, p=0.046). Females also had higher rates of methylation at each CpG island compared to males CpG1(7.0 vs 3.0%, p=0.15), CpG2(8.0 vs 4.0%, p=0.10), CpG3(9.0 vs 4.0%, p=0.23), CpG4(7.0 vs 3.0%, p=0.047), and CpG5(6.0 vs 4.0%, p=0.097). CONCLUSION Females had higher rates of mean methylation and methylation of each CpG island compared to males, although only mean and CpG4 methylation values were statistically significant given the limited sample size. Further investigation with a larger cohort is ongoing to elucidate this dimorphism and establish whether sex-specific methylation cut-offs need to be implemented into clinical practice.
Improved Treatment Outcomes for Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma Relapsing after Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the Brentuximab Vedotin Era - the Real-Life Report from the Polish Lymphoma Research Group
Authors: Anna Czyz, Anna Lojko-Dankowska, Agnieszka Giza, Monika Dlugosz-Danecka, Wojciech Jurczak, Joanna Romejko-Jarosinska, Ewa Paszkiewicz, Justyna Rybka, Joanna Drozd-Sokolowska, Edyta Subocz, Tomasz Czerw, Barbara Nasilowska-Adamska, Agnieszka Kolkowska, Manko Joanna, Dorota Hawrylecka, Wanda Knopinska-Posluszny, Szymanska Agata, Lidia Gil, Mieczyslaw Komarnicki, Marek Hus, Jan Walewski, Sebastian Giebel, Tomasz Wrobel, Jan Zaucha
Journal: Blood (2019)
AXL/Mertk Inhibitor ONO-7475 Potently Synergizes with BCL2 Inhibitor ABT-199, Overcomes ABT-199 Resistance Mechanisms, and Kills FLT3 ITD AML Cells
Authors: Sean M Post, Huaxian Ma, Vivian Ruvolo, Xiaorui Zhang, Tomoko Yasuhiro, Kohei Tanaka, Ryohei Kozaki, Toshio Yoshizawa, Jorge E. Cortes, Courtney D. DiNardo, Marina Y Konopleva, Steven M. Kornblau, Joseph D. Khoury, Michael Andreeff, Peter P. Ruvolo
Journal: Blood (2019)
Recurrent Patterns of Clonal Evolution in Relapsed-Refractory DLBCL Following Treatment with R-CHOP
Authors: Christopher Rushton, Sarah E Arthur, Miguel Alcaide, Matthew Cheung, Nicole Thomas, Laura K Hilton, Neil R Michaud, Scott Daigle, Jordan Davidson, Kevin R Bushell, Stephen Yu, Michael D. Jain, Lois E. Shepherd, Michael Crump, Koren Kathleen Mann, John Kuruvilla, Sarit Assouline, Kirstie Cleary, Mark S Cragg, David W. Scott, Nathalie Johnson, Ryan D. Morin
Journal: Blood (2019)
PATH-47. TTF MAY APPLY SELECTIVE PRESSURE TO GLIOBLASTOMA CLONES WITH ANEUPLOIDY: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Michael Ruff, Nathan Clarke, Sani Kizilbash, Ivan Carabenciov, Joon Uhm, Robert Jenkins
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND The Tumor Treating Fields (TTF) mechanism of action is hypothesized act upon mitosis by disrupting the cell spindle apparatus. However, biomarkers and human tissue correlation of the effect of the TTF device are lacking. CASE: A 41 year-old previously healthy woman was found to have a right frontoparietal glioblastoma after she developed subacute onset of left hemiparesis and headache. The tumor was IDH wild type MGMT promoter unmethylated and TERT mutated. Chromosomal Microarray (CMA) was performed and demonstrated genome wide aneuploidy primarily characterized by hyperdiploidy. She underwent a gross total resection of the enhancing portion of the tumor and subsequent standard chemoradiotherapy (60 Gy IMRT with concomitant temozolomide) followed by initiation of the TTF device and adjuvant temozolomide. Six months after diagnosis, after 72 days of using the TTF device with 75% compliance and completion of the third cycle of temozolomide the patient had radiographic recurrence. She underwent a repeat resection. Pathology demonstrated recurrent tumor. Genetic analysis no longer demonstrated chromosomal losses or gains: the tumor was diploid. DISCUSSION This case may be a demonstration of effect of the TTF device applying a selective pressure to cells with multiple chromosomal gains and losses as the efficiency of mitosis in these cells may already be severely compromised. We are currently performing CMA on all patients with available tissue treated with the TTF device at our institution, with a planned retrospective analysis to explore this hypothesis further. CONCLUSION Repeat resection with detailed genetic analysis of GBM recurrence after therapies may help generate hypotheses regarding mechanisms of resistance, and in this case, mechanisms of action of the TTF.
Carcinoma of the Colon and Rectum
Authors: Claude E. Welch, John F. Burke
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

CARCINOMA of the colon and rectum is now the most common type of malignant tumor other than cancer of the skin. It is moreover one of the varieties to which a great deal of attention has been devoted in an attempt to control cancer, since a change in bowel habit and rectal bleeding have been emphasized repeatedly in the past decade as the prime warning symptoms of internal cancer.The importance of this type of neoplastic disease is shown by the estimate that in the United States, in 1961, there will be 70,000 new cases of cancer of the colon . . .
Prospective clinical testing and experimental validation of the Pediatric Sepsis Biomarker Risk Model
Authors: Hector R. Wong, J. Timothy Caldwell, Natalie Z. Cvijanovich, Scott L. Weiss, Julie C. Fitzgerald, Michael T. Bigham, Parag N. Jain, Adam Schwarz, Riad Lutfi, Jeffrey Nowak, Geoffrey L. Allen, Neal J. Thomas, Jocelyn R. Grunwell, Torrey Baines, Michael Quasney, Bereketeab Haileselassie, Christopher J. Lindsell
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2019)

Prognostic biomarkers for pediatric septic shock are conserved in a murine model of sepsis and accelerate testing of precision medicine strategies.
Quantitative PK/PD Prediction of the Efficacious and Safe Dose Ranges of the LMP7 Inhibitor M3258 for Phase I Application in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Patients
Authors: Florian Lignet, Christina Esdar, Manja Friese-Hamim, Andreas Becker, Elise Drouin, Samer El Bawab, Samantha M. Goodstal, Claude Gimmi, Phlipp Haselmayer, Frank Jährling, Michael Sanderson, Willem Sloot, Sofia Stinchi, Anja Victor, Gina Walter, Felix Rohdich
Journal: Blood (2019)
Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells Have Hematopoietic Potential In Vivo
Authors: Durrgah L Ramachandra, Stavros Loukogeorgakis, Eleni Antoniadou, Sindhu Subramaniam, Panicos Shangaris, Alfonso Tedeschi, Ania Manson, Marlene Carmo, Mike Blundell, Steven Howe, Alan W. Flake, Anna David, Paolo De Coppi
Journal: Blood (2016)
Evaluation of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid from Patients in an Outbreak of E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use–Associated Lung Injury — 10 States, August–October 2019
Authors: Benjamin C. Blount, Mateusz P. Karwowski, Maria Morel-Espinosa, Jon Rees, Connie Sosnoff, Elizabeth Cowan, Michael Gardner, Lanqing Wang, Liza Valentin-Blasini, Lalith Silva, Víctor R. De Jesús, Zsuzsanna Kuklenyik, Cliff Watson, Tiffany Seyler, Baoyun Xia, David Chambers, Peter Briss, Brian A. King, Lisa Delaney, Christopher M. Jones, Grant T. Baldwin, John R. Barr, Jerry Thomas, James L. Pirkle
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2019)

CDC, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), state and local health departments, and multiple public health and clinical partners are investigating a national outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI). Based on data collected as of October 15, 2019, 86% of 867 EVALI patients reported using tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-containing products in the 3 months preceding symptom onset (1). Analyses of THC-containing product samples by FDA and state public health laboratories have identified potentially harmful constituents in these products, such as vitamin E acetate, medium chain triglyceride oil (MCT oil), and other lipids (2,3) (personal communication, D.T. Heitkemper, FDA Forensic Chemistry Center, November 2019). Vitamin E acetate, in particular, might be used as an additive in the production of e-cigarette, or vaping, products; it also can be used as a thickening agent in THC products (4). Inhalation of vitamin E acetate might impair lung function (5-7).
CBMT-33. VISUALIZING THE METABOLISM OF GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENT-DERIVED ORTHOTOPIC XENOGRAFTS BY MASS SPECTROMETRY IMAGING
Authors: Jyotsna Upendra Rao, Katherine Gibson, Gregory Hamm, Alan Wright, Maria Fala, Richard Mair, Anastasia Tsyben, Richard Goodwin, Kevin Brindle
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract INTRODUCTION. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has a dismal prognosis, which has been attributed to extensive inter- and intra-tumoural heterogeneity. To investigate the metabolic heterogeneity of GBM, we employed desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) imaging on snap frozen samples of GBM patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDOX) in rat brains, following infusion of [U-13C]glucose. METHODS. Athymic nude rats (n=3) were infused with [U-13C]glucose (0.4 mg/g body weight bolus, 0.012 mg/g/min at 300 µL/h infusion [1]) for 40, 80 and 120 min, followed by cardiac puncture to measure blood [U-13C]glucose levels using 13C NMR spectroscopy. A second set of rats (n=2) were implanted intracranially with patient-derived GBM cells. The presence of tumour was confirmed by T2-weighted MRI. One animal was infused with [U-13C]glucose for 2 h, while another with [12C]glucose. The brains were snap frozen in liquid nitrogen followed by analysis with DESI imaging in negative ion mode (35 µm resolution). RESULTS. After a 2 h infusion, 43% of the circulating glucose was 13C labelled. Unsupervised spatial clustering of the MSI data resulted in segmentation of normal brain from tumour. Levels of [12C and 13C]glucose were high in the peri-tumoural region and low within the tumour. [12C and 13C]lactate showed the opposite distribution, indicating that the rate of glucose utilization within the tumour exceeded the rate of delivery. The peri-necrotic and peri-tumoural areas had higher levels of glutamate compared to the rest of the tumour. CONCLUSIONS. The results demonstrate that the PDOX is metabolically heterogeneous and differs from surrounding brain. While the tumour was predominately glycolytic, the presence of glutamate in peri-necrotic and peri-tumoral regions indicates the presence of increased TCA cycle activity. Comparison of MSI data with histological staining of brain sections should yield additional information about the relationship between the tumour and its microenvironment.
Myeloablative Fractionated Busulfan Conditioning Regimen in Older Patients: Results of a Phase II Study
Authors: Uday Popat, Rohtesh S. Mehta, Roland Bassett, Amanda L. Olson, Julianne Chen, Christina Ganesh, Amin M. Alousi, Paolo Anderlini, Gheath Alatrash, Qaiser Bashir, Stefan O. Ciurea, Chitra Hosing, Jin S Im, Partow Kebriaei, Issa F. Khouri, David Marin, Yago Nieto, Betul Oran, Neeraj Saini, Samer Srour, Katayoun Rezvani, Muzaffar Qazilbash, Jeffrey J. Molldrem, Elizabeth J. Shpall, Borje S Andersson, Richard E Champlin
Journal: Blood (2019)
Maintenance Sorafenib Is Superior to Prophylactic DLI in Improving the Prognosis of FLT3-ITD-Positive AML after Allogeneic HSCT
Authors: Jimin Shi, Liqin Cao, Yi Luo, Yanmin Zhao, Yamin Tan, Jian Yu, Xiaoyu Lai, Yuanyuan Zhu, Yongxian Hu, Jingsong He, Jie Sun, Weiyan Zheng, Guoqing Wei, He Huang
Journal: Blood (2019)
External Validation of a Novel Risk Model (BALL Score) in Real-World Relapsed/Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients Receiving Ibrutinib. a Campus CLL Study
Authors: Massimo Gentile, Fortunato Morabito, Giovanni Del Poeta, Francesca Romana Mauro, Gianluigi Reda, Paolo Sportoletti, Luca Laurenti, Marta Coscia, Yair Herishanu, Anna G Recchia, Marzia Varettoni, Roberta Murru, Annalisa Chiarenza, Adalgisa Condoluci, Riccardo Moia, Daniela Pietrasanta, Giacomo Loseto, Ugo Consoli, Ilaria Scortechini, Francesca Maria Rossi, Antonella Zucchetto, Ernesto Vigna, Giovanni Tripepi, Angela Rago, Ilaria Angeletti, Annalisa Biagi, Ilaria Del Giudice, Riccardo Bomben, Gian Matteo Rigolin, Davide Rossi, Francesco Di Raimondo, Gianluca Gaidano, Aaron Polliack, Antonio Cuneo, Robin Foà, Valter Gattei
Journal: Blood (2019)
Baseline Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes from the Cancer Associated Thrombosis - Patient Reported Outcomes with Rivaroxaban (COSIMO) Trial
Authors: Anthony Maraveyas, Jan Beyer-Westendorf, Agnes Yuet Ying Lee, Lorenzo G Mantovani, Yoriko De Sanctis, Khaled Abdelgawwad, Samuel Fatoba, Miriam Bach, Alexander T Cohen
Journal: Blood (2019)
Depth of Pre-Treatment Immunoparesis Is an Important Prognostic Factor for Survival in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Rajshekar Chakraborty, Lisa Rybicki, Megan Nakashima, Robert M. Dean, Beth M. Faiman, Christy J. Samaras, Nathaniel Rosko, Jason Valent, Faiz Anwer
Journal: Blood (2019)
Long-Term Outcome of Relapsed Acute T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL) in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Luciana Vinti, Luisa Strocchio, Barbara Buldini, Daniela Silvestri, Valentino Conter, Pietro Merli, Carmelo Rizzari, Rosanna Parasole, Maddalena Paganin, Giuseppe Basso, Marco Zecca, Franco Locatelli
Journal: Blood (2019)
Myocardial adipose deposition and the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Cho‐Kai Wu, Jen‐Kuang Lee, Jung‐Chi Hsu, Mao‐Yuan M. Su, Yi‐Fan Wu, Ting‐Tse Lin, Chen‐Wei Lan, Juey‐Jen Hwang, Lian‐Yu Lin
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2019)
Immune Reconstitution in 107 Children with Sickle Cell Anemia Transplanted with Bone Marrow or Cord Blood from a Matched-Sibling Donor after Myeloablative Conditioning Regimen Including 20mg/Kg ATG
Authors: Francoise Bernaudin, Azadeh Djavidi, Cécile Arnaud, Annie Kamdem, Isabelle Hau, Corinne Pondarré, Jean-Paul Vernant, Mathieu Kuentz, Nathalie Dhedin, Jean-Hugues Dalle, Eliane Gluckman, Gerard Socie
Journal: Blood (2019)
Child-bearing and Tuberculosis
Authors: M. C. Wilkinson
Journal: BMJ (1948)

JOURNAinfection in a number of children selected for operation.As Mr. Walker suggests in his final comments, this resolves in the vast majority of cases after removal of the diseased tonsils and adenoids.He considers that the unsatisfactory results following tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy are due to sinusitis: we con- sider that they are more likely to be due to an incorrect selection of children for operation.-Weare, etc., M. R. SHERIDAN.Truro, Cornwall.T. M. BANHAM.Residual Prostatitis SIR,-We have read with great interest Dr. F. C. Bourgault DLI Coudray's excellent article on residual prostatitis (Oct.25, 1947, p. 651).Such a condition has been observed by us in a large number of cases, and assuredly also by many others, after sulphonamide or penicillin treatment of the urethral-process gonorrhoea.Some cases were treated for months and even years with massage, diathermy, and high supplementary doses of antibiotics notwithstanding the fact that repeated cultures of prostatic fluid and of semen were sterile or showed some diph- theroids or Gram-positive cocci or bacilli.Streptomycin was used without success in 2 cases.The persistence of pus cells in the prostatic fluid indicated the existence of an infection whose true nature we have cleared
Results of a Phase II Study of Obinutuzumab in Combination with Lenalidomide in Previously Untreated, High Tumor Burden Follicular Lymphoma (FL)
Authors: Loretta J. Nastoupil, Jason R. Westin, Fredrick B. Hagemeister, Hun Ju Lee, Luis Fayad, Felipe Samaniego, Sairah Ahmed, Linda Claret, Raphael E Steiner, Ranjit Nair, Simrit Parmar, Maria Alma Rodriguez, Michael L. Wang, Michael R Green, Eric Davis, Sattva S Neelapu, Nathan H Fowler
Journal: Blood (2019)