tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Compressed Central Zone Uptake on PSMA PET/CT—A Potential Pitfall in Interpretation
Authors: Rueben Ganeshalingam, Edward Hsiao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

Abstract The case of a 66-year-old man undergoing a staging PSMA PET/CT after a recent diagnosis of prostate carcinoma is presented. In addition to uptake within the prostate consistent with primary tumor activity, mild symmetrical and diffuse uptake is also noted within central zone. The appearance is not consistent with likely tumor activity. Comparison is made with histopathology after a radical prostatectomy, and no correlating tumor is noted in the region of central zone uptake. Increased PSMA uptake within the compressed central zone of the prostate may represent a potential pitfall in PSMA PET/CT imaging.
Role of Vitamin E for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fernando Bril, Diane M. Biernacki, Srilaxmi Kalavalapalli, Romina Lomonaco, Sreevidya K. Subbarayan, Jinping Lai, Fermin Tio, Amitabh Suman, Beverly K. Orsak, Joan Hecht, Kenneth Cusi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

OBJECTIVE While vitamin E has shown to improve nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in patients without diabetes, information on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is lacking. The aim of this study was to determine whether vitamin E, alone or combined with pioglitazone, improves histology in patients with T2DM and NASH. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a proof-of-concept, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted from 2010 to 2016. Patients with T2DM and biopsy-proven NASH (n = 105) were randomized to vitamin E 400 IU b.i.d., vitamin E 400 IU b.i.d. plus pioglitazone 45 mg/day, or placebo. Eighty-six patients completed the 18-month study. The primary end point was a two-point reduction in the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score from two different parameters, without worsening of fibrosis. Secondary outcomes were resolution of NASH without worsening of fibrosis, individual histological scores, and metabolic parameters. RESULTS More patients on combination therapy achieved the primary outcome versus placebo (54% vs. 19%, P = 0.003) but not with vitamin E alone (31% vs. 19%, P = 0.26). Both groups showed improvements in resolution of NASH compared with placebo (combination group: 43% vs. 12%, P = 0.005; vitamin E alone: 33% vs. 12%, P = 0.04). While steatosis assessed by histology improved with combination therapy (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and vitamin E alone (P = 0.018), inflammation (P = 0.018) and ballooning (P = 0.022) only improved with combination therapy. No improvement in fibrosis was observed in any group. CONCLUSIONS In this proof-of-concept study, combination therapy was better than placebo in improving liver histology in patients with NASH and T2DM. Vitamin E alone did not significantly change the primary histological outcome.
Lactate dehydrogenase 5: identification of a druggable target to reduce oxaluria
Authors: Jacob S. Stevens, Qais Al-Awqati
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2019)

Excessive excretion of oxalate in the urine results in the formation of calcium oxalate crystals and subsequent kidney stone formation. Severe forms of hyperoxaluria, including genetic forms and those that result from ethylene glycol poisoning, can result in end-stage renal disease. Therapeutic interventions are limited and often rely on dietary intervention. In this issue of the JCI, Le Dudal and colleagues demonstrate that the lactate dehydrogenase 5 inhibitor (LDH5) stiripentol reduces urinary oxalate excretion. Importantly, stiripentol treatment of a single individual with primary hyperoxaluria reduced the urinary oxalate excretion. Together, these results support further evaluation of LDH5 as a therapeutic target for hyperoxaluria.
Interconnections in Violence Over the Life Course
Authors: Karestan C. Koenen, Bizu Gelaye, Christy A. Denckla
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
THE FIRST EXPERIENCE OF INDIRECT PERORAL CHOLANGIO-PANCREATOSCOPY USING THE SPYGLASS DS SYSTEM (BSC) IN RUSSIA
Authors: D Bakhtiozina, S Budzinskiy, S Shapovalianz, E Fedorov, L Mikhaleva, P Chernyakevich, E Platonova, A Sorokin
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

From December 6, 2017 to November 6, 2018, we performed 628 ERCP including 33 SpyGlass POCs in 31 patients: 30 cholangioscopies, 2 pancreaticoscopies and one cholangiopancreaticoscopy for assessment of the spread of major papilla tumor. The indications for cholangioscopy were: undifferentiated strictures – 22, Mirizzi syndrome – 2, control of bile duct stones extraction – 1, laser lithotripsy for choledocholithiasis – 2, guidewire placement – 2, removal of CBD ligature – 1; for pancreaticoscopy – strictures in chronic pancreatitis suspicious of malignancy – 2.
Acute Kidney Injury Related to Sepsis
Authors: David S. Seres
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Making social care free for over 65s could save NHS £4.5bn a year
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Making social care free for patients aged over 65 would enable the NHS in England to ultimately save £4.5bn (€5.1bn; $5.7bn) a year by allowing elderly people to receive more care in the community, a think tank has claimed.1

The recommendation comes in a report from the Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR) which said that, to deliver this, spending on social care for over 65s would first need to rise from the current £17bn a year to £36bn by 2030.

The IPPR suggested that a rise in income …
PREDICTIVE FACTORS OF NON-CURATIVE ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION FOR EARLY GASTRIC CANCER
Authors: DH Kang, CW Choi, HW Kim, SB Park, JW Lee
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been accepted as the treatment of choice for early gastric cancer (EGC) without lymph node metastasis. However, additional surgical gastrectomy should be considered after non-curative endoscopic resection. We aimed to evaluate the predictive factors associated with non-curative endoscopic resection.
Corrélation entre le temps de la coloscopie postopératoire et la sévérité du score du Rutgeerts
Authors: A Mensi, A Labidi, N Ben Mustapha, M Serghini, M Fekih, J Boubaker
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

La maladie de crohn (MC) nécessite souvent le recours à la chirurgie. Une coloscopie avec élaboration du score du Rutgeerts (SR) est généralement faite entre le 6ème et le 12ème mois après la chirurgie pour prédire le risque de récidive postopératoire. Le but de notre travail était de savoir si une coloscopie retardée au-delà de 1 an est associée à un SR plus sévère.
ELECTROHYDRAULIC LITHOTRIPSY (EHL) WITH A SHORT-ACCESS-MOTHER-BABY-SYSTEM (SAMBA) FOR THE THERAPY OF COMPLICATED BILE DUCT STONES (SAMBA-EHL STUDY)
Authors: S Boedeker, S Delius, B Neu, A Weber, RM Schmid, E Frimberger, M Abdelhafez
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Cholangioscopy with EHL is a method of choice for managing complicated bile duct stones. The SAMBA-system is a new endoscope with a shortened baby scope, which allows a more direct handling. Up to now only a few studies evaluated the SAMBA-scope. The aim of the actual study was to evaluate the effectiveness of EHL during cholangioscopy utilizing the SAMBA-scope.
CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF COLORECTAL POLYPS: RESULTS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SURVEY
Authors: P Willems, S Orkut, S Ditisheim, M Bouin, B Faulques, H Pohl, D Renteln
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

To better understand endoscopists opinion regarding cancer risk of diminutive polyps, current use and barriers for implementation of the resect-and-discard strategy and preferred polypectomy approches.
EUS TISSUE DIAGNOSIS OF A MALIGNANT SOLID PSEUDOPAPILLARY TUMOR OF THE PANCREAS IN A YOUNG MALE RARE PRESENTATION OF A RARE PANCREATIC TUMOR -CASE REPORT-
Authors: M Gonzalez Haba Ruiz, B Agudo Castillo, F Pons Renedo, E Tejerina Gonzalez, JL Calleja Panero
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Solid pseudopapillary tumors (SPT) of the pancreas are rare neoplasms of uncertain origin that account for 0.2 to 2.7% of all pancreatic tumors. SPT's have an unclear malignant potential and can mimic aggressive tumors. Preoperatory EUS sampling can establish the diagnosis of these atypical tumors with an overall favorable prognosis.
Primary cilia defects causing mitral valve prolapse
Authors: Katelynn A. Toomer, Mengyao Yu, Diana Fulmer, Lilong Guo, Kelsey S. Moore, Reece Moore, Ka’la D. Drayton, Janiece Glover, Neal Peterson, Sandra Ramos-Ortiz, Alex Drohan, Breiona J. Catching, Rebecca Stairley, Andy Wessels, Joshua H. Lipschutz, Francesca N. Delling, Xavier Jeunemaitre, Christian Dina, Ryan L. Collins, Harrison Brand, Michael E. Talkowski, Federica del Monte, Rupak Mukherjee, Alexander Awgulewitsch, Simon Body, Gary Hardiman, E. Starr Hazard, Willian A. da Silveira, Baolin Wang, Maire Leyne, Ronen Durst, Roger R. Markwald, Solena Le Scouarnec, Albert Hagege, Thierry Le Tourneau, Peter Kohl, Eva A. Rog-Zielinska, Patrick T. Ellinor, Robert A. Levine, David J. Milan, Jean-Jacques Schott, Nabila Bouatia-Naji, Susan A. Slaugenhaupt, Russell A. Norris
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2019)

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) affects 1 in 40 people and is the most common indication for mitral valve surgery. MVP can cause arrhythmias, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death, and to date, the causes of this disease are poorly understood. We now demonstrate that defects in primary cilia genes and their regulated pathways can cause MVP in familial and sporadic nonsyndromic MVP cases. Our expression studies and genetic ablation experiments confirmed a role for primary cilia in regulating ECM deposition during cardiac development. Loss of primary cilia during development resulted in progressive myxomatous degeneration and profound mitral valve pathology in the adult setting. Analysis of a large family with inherited, autosomal dominant nonsyndromic MVP identified a deleterious missense mutation in a cilia gene, DZIP1 A mouse model harboring this variant confirmed the pathogenicity of this mutation and revealed impaired ciliogenesis during development, which progressed to adult myxomatous valve disease and functional MVP. Relevance of primary cilia in common forms of MVP was tested using pathway enrichment in a large population of patients with MVP and controls from previously generated genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which confirmed the involvement of primary cilia genes in MVP. Together, our studies establish a developmental basis for MVP through altered cilia-dependent regulation of ECM and suggest that defects in primary cilia genes can be causative to disease phenotype in some patients with MVP.
EFFICACY OF THE DOUBLE CLIP COUNTERTRACTION METHOD FOR RESIDUAL OR LOCALLY RECURRENT LESIONS IN COLONIC ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION
Authors: J Faller, J Jacques, R Legros, J Rivory, T Ponchon, M Pioche
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the resection of scarred colonic lesions is a feasible but challenging technique because of submucosal fibrosis. We previously reported an internal traction method using two clips and a rubber band and making ESD easier.
LOST AND FOUND – SPONTANEOUS GASTROINTESTINAL EXPULSION OF A MIGRATED LAMS
Authors: T Pavic, D Kralj, N Barsic, I Lerotic, I Budimir, D Hrabar
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) are increasingly used for drainage of symptomatic pancreatic walled-off necroses (WON) and pseudocysts. As noted in a growing number of studies, complication rates associated with endoscopic drainage procedures using LAMS are low and, among others, include bleeding, superinfections, stent occlusion and migration. Despite its special anti-migratory design, cases of LAMS migration have been reported both into the cyst cavity and stomach. We describe the first reported case of LAMS migration and spontaneous expulsion through the gastrointestinal tract.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF ACETIC ACID OR CRYSTAL VIOLET ENHANCED NARROW BAND IMAGING (NBI) FOR DETECTING GASTRIC INTESTINAL METAPLASIA (MAPS) USING EGGIM AND SIMPLIFIED NBI CLASSIFICATION
Authors: I Lyutakov, R Nakov, H Valkov, A Dimov, P Penchev, B Vladimirov
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and the predictive value of acetic acid-enhanced NBI (AA-NBI) or crystal violet-enhanced NBI (CV-NBI) versus white-light endoscopy (WLE) using endoscopic grading of gastric intestinal metaplasia (EGGIM) and simplified NBI classification compare to Operative Link for Gastritis assessment based on Intestinal Metaplasia (OLGIM/OLGA) assessment in patients referred for upper endoscopy with suspected gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM).
MUSCLE-RETRACTING SIGN WITH CONVERGENT NEOVASCULARISATION: AN OMINOUS FINDING AT ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION
Authors: EJ Despott, A Murino, N Lazaridis, N Koukias, A Telese, Y Hayashi, H Yamamoto
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a well-established minimally invasive resection technique. When the so-called muscle-retracting (MR) sign is encountered during ESD, complete resection may not be feasible. The pocket creation method (PCM) allows easier recognition of the submucosal space in the context of fibrosis and MR sign. To date, both magnifying endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound may not be able to show invasive cancer, especially for lateral spreading tumor (LST) with a large nodule. Therefore it may be difficult to predict if any MR sign is caused by fibrosis or deep submucosal invasion.
CAN HELICOBACTER PYLORI ERRDICATION AFFECT OCCURRENCE OF METACHRONOUS GASTRIC TUMOR AFTER ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION FOR EARLY GASTRIC TUMOR?
Authors: SH Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

metachronous gastric tumor (MGT) development has become a major problem after endoscopic resection. The relationship between helicobacter pylori eradication and MGT incidence rate has not been clarified. We evaluated the incidence, clinicopathologic features and the risk factors for MGT.
Abstract P308: Physical Activity is Associated With Lower Atherosclerotic Risk and Arterial Stiffness in Youth
Authors: Samuel G Wittekind, Nicholas M Edwards, Philip R Khoury, Connie E McCoy, Thomas R Kimball, Elaine M Urbina
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in young people has increased related to the pediatric obesity epidemic. An association between physical activity (PA) and target organ damage has been firmly established in adults, and such damage confers increased CV event risk. There is an urgent need to implement prevention strategies for CV disease in youth. Promoting PA holds promise in this regard. However, in order to be a useful marker, PA needs to be quantified accurately and feasibly in the clinical setting, and its relationship to preclinical CV disease in youth needs to be understood. Objective: We aimed to 1) examine the relationship between a subjective measure of PA and an objective measure in a young cohort, 2) determine the association of PA and other CV risk factors, and 3) test the hypothesis that PA is an independent determinant of target organ damage. Methods: Adolescents and young adults were recruited from an ongoing study of the effects of risk factors on CV aging. At baseline adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus were matched by age, sex, and race to lean and obese control subjects without diabetes. These analyses were performed at 5 years follow-up on 249 subjects (mean age 22 ± 3.9 years). PA was measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Actical accelerometer. Target organ damage was assessed with echocardiography and vascular structure and function testing. Subjects were stratified into tertiles of average PA with the lean group as the standard. Differences in endpoints by PA tertile were tested by analysis of variance and χ2 tests. General linear models were constructed and used to test for independent associations. Results: Responses to the IPAQ differed greatly from objective accelerometry. There was a weak trend toward increased CV risk factors and target organ damage in those with the lowest IPAQ scores. When subjects were stratified into tertiles of by accelerometry the less active subjects had significantly worse CV risk profiles as indicated by higher Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) scores, and more signs of target organ damage including stiffer arteries as indicated by greater carotid-femoral pulse wave velocities. These differences did not reach statistical significance when adjusted for metabolic variables. Conclusion: PA is associated with CV risk factor clustering and target organ damage in young people. Measuring PA in this population is feasible, but has limitations. This study confirms the utility of PA in predicting the presence of target organ damage. Our study is the first to demonstrate a negative, cross-sectional relationship between PA and PDAY score. Future opportunities for research include examining the contribution of different levels of PA on CV aging as well as the effect of increasing PA over time.
The proportion of lung cancer patients attending UK lung cancer clinics who would have been eligible for low-dose CT screening
Authors: Kathryn Gracie, Martyn P.T. Kennedy, Georgina Esterbrook, Graham Smith, Parry Blaxill, Ali T. Ameri, Kirsty I.A. Rodger, Jonathan M. Robson, Elankumaran Paramasivam, Rehan Naseer, Peter Smith, Deborah A.B. Ellames, Bana Hawramy, Matthew E.J. Callister
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

<b>The proportion of lung cancer patients eligible for screening 2 years before diagnosis varied between risk prediction tools. The highest proportion was identified with the PLCO<sub>M2012</sub> score, detecting 44.1% if screening up to 75 years or 58.6% to 80 years.</b>http://bit.ly/2Jl2Got
The glycoprotein follistatin-like 1 promotes brown adipose thermogenesis
Authors: Dongliang Fang, Xinyi Shi, Tao Lu, Haibin Ruan, Yan Gao
Journal: Metabolism (2019)

ObjectivesThe thermogenic brown adipose tissue (BAT) has been proposed as a potential target to prevent or treat obesity and related metabolic diseases. BAT secretes adipokines to regulate the thermogenic program in an autocrine or paracrine manner. Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1), a glycoprotein involved in adipogenesis and obesity, however, the function of FSTL1 in BAT thermogenesis and in the regulation of systemic energy homeostasis are not fully understood.MethodsWhole-body ablation Fstl1 heterozygous mice (Fstl1+/−) and its littermates control were injected with CL316,243 to assess energy balance. A series of FSTL1 overexpression and knockdown experiments were carried out to evaluate its function in regulating thermogenic gene expression in brown adipocytes.ResultsFSTL1 expression was induced upon BAT activation during cold challenge or β3-adrenergic activation. FSTL1 haploinsufficiency in mice led to reduced thermogenic gene expression, impaired BAT recruitment, and decreased heat production. FSTL1 cell-autonomously promoted the β3-adrenergic signaling, which was required to upregulate PPARγ and UCP1 in brown adipocytes. Furthermore, only glycosylated FSTL1 could be secreted from brown adipocytes to induce the β3-adrenergic activation.ConclusionsOur results suggest FSTL1 as a novel stimulator of the β-adrenergic signaling and BAT thermogenesis.
CLINICAL AND ENDOSCOPIC FINDINGS ASSOCIATED WITH DYSPLASIA IN SESSILE SERRATED ADENOMA/POLYP
Authors: HW Kim, SB Park, DH Kang, CW Choi, SJ Kim, HS Nam, DG Ryu
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P) are considered to develop dysplasia by the serrated neoplasia pathway. Dysplastic portions in SSA/P can be difficult to detect and are often incompletely resected. We aimed to evaluate the clinical and endoscopic findings associated with dysplasia in SSA/P.
A neonate with bilious emesis
Authors: Zhen-Lang Lin, Jiang-Hu Zhu
Journal: BMJ (2019)

A newborn girl (gestational age 35+1 weeks, birth weight 2130 g) was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with bilious vomiting on the first day after her birth. She had a perinatal history of polyhydramnios. On physical examination, her abdomen was flat, soft, and non-tender and no mass was palpable. Digital rectal examination revealed that her anus was patent, but only intestinal mucus (instead of meconium) …
Les indications rares cathéterisme pancréatique thérapeutique nécessitant un accès endoscopique par la papille accessoire
Authors: C Jung, S Leblanc, B Bordacahar, B Brieau, M Barret, JC Duchmann, A Berson, C Pratico, S Chaussade, F Prat
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Le cathéterisme pancréatique thérapeutique à travers la papille accessoire est une occasion rare. Néanmoins, une canulation de la papille mineure peut être nécessaire dans le contexte d'un pancreas divisum ou d'un Wirsung non franchissable comme au cours de certaines pancréatites chroniques calcifiantes. Nous avons voulu évaluer rétrospectivement l'efficacité et la sécurité du cathéterisme de la papille accessoire dans des situations rares de maladies pancréatiques.