tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reducing Impaired Driving Fatalities
Authors: Mark R. Rosekind, Johnathon P. Ehsani, Jeffrey P. Michael
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Maternal Sildenafil vs Placebo in Pregnant Women With Severe Early-Onset Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Anouk Pels, Jan Derks, Ayten Elvan-Taspinar, Joris van Drongelen, Marjon de Boer, Hans Duvekot, Judith van Laar, Jim van Eyck, Salwan Al-Nasiry, Marieke Sueters, Marinka Post, Wes Onland, Aleid van Wassenaer-Leemhuis, Christiana Naaktgeboren, Janus C. Jakobsen, Christian Gluud, Ruben G. Duijnhoven, Titia Lely, Sanne Gordijn, Wessel Ganzevoort
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Severe early onset fetal growth restriction caused by placental dysfunction leads to high rates of perinatal mortality and neonatal morbidity. The phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, sildenafil, inhibits cyclic guanosine monophosphate hydrolysis, thereby activating the effects of nitric oxide, and might improve uteroplacental function and subsequent perinatal outcomes.
Is it always so? Unexpected visions
Authors: Jan B. Deręgowski, Benjamin W. Tatler
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2020)

Abstract If we consider perceptions as arising from predictive processes, we must consider the manner in which the underlying expectations are formed and how they are applied to the sensory data. We provide examples of cases where expectations give rise to unexpected and unlikely perceptions of the world. These examples may help define bounds for the notion that perceptual hypotheses are direct derivatives of experience and are used to furnish sensible interpretations of sensory data.
Vegetable Consumption and Progression of Prostate Cancer—Reply
Authors: J. Kellogg Parsons, John P. Pierce, James R. Marshall
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A rapid liquid biopsy of lung cancer by separation and detection of exfoliated tumor cells from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid with a dual-layer “PERFECT” filter system
Authors: Tingyu Li, Yaoping Liu, Wei Zhang, Lianjun Lin, Jixin Zhang, Yan Xiong, Ligong Nie, Xinmin Liu, Haichao Li, Wei Wang
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Separation and detection of exfoliated tumor cells (ETCs) from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), namely the liquid biopsy of BALF, has been proved to be a valuable tool for the diagnosis of lung cancer. Herein, we established a rapid liquid biopsy of BALF based on a dual-layer PERFECT (precise, efficient, rapid, flexible, easy-to-operate, controllable and thin) filter system for the first time.
CREBBP and STAT6 co-mutation and 16p13 and 1p36 loss define the t(14;18)-negative diffuse variant of follicular lymphoma
Authors: Rena R. Xian, Yi Xie, Lisa M. Haley, Raluca Yonescu, Aparna Pallavajjala, Stefania Pittaluga, Elaine S. Jaffe, Amy S. Duffield, Chad M. McCall, Shereen M. F. Gheith, Christopher D. Gocke
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2020)

The diffuse variant of follicular lymphoma (dFL) is a rare variant of FL lacking t(14;18) that was first described in 2009. In this study, we use a comprehensive approach to define unifying pathologic and genetic features through gold-standard pathologic review, FISH, SNP-microarray, and next-generation sequencing of 16 cases of dFL. We found unique morphologic features, including interstitial sclerosis, microfollicle formation, and rounded nuclear cytology, confirmed absence of t(14;18) and recurrent deletion of 1p36, and showed a novel association with deletion/CN-LOH of 16p13 (inclusive of CREBBP, CIITA, and SOCS1). Mutational profiling demonstrated near-uniform mutations in CREBBP and STAT6, with clonal dominance of CREBBP, among other mutations typical of germinal-center B-cell lymphomas. Frequent CREBBP and CIITA codeletion/mutation suggested a mechanism for immune evasion, while subclonal STAT6 activating mutations with concurrent SOCS1 loss suggested a mechanism of BCL-xL/BCL2L1 upregulation in the absence of BCL2 rearrangements. A review of the literature showed significant enrichment for 16p13 and 1p36 loss/CN-LOH, STAT6 mutation, and CREBBP and STAT6 comutation in dFL, as compared with conventional FL. With this comprehensive approach, our study demonstrates confirmatory and novel genetic associations that can aid in the diagnosis and subclassification of this rare type of lymphoma.
Household disposable income and long-term survival after pulmonary resections for lung cancer
Authors: Erik Sachs, Veronica Jackson, Ulrik Sartipy
Journal: Thorax (2020)

Introduction Socioeconomic disparities have been linked to survival differences in patients with lung cancer. Swedish healthcare is tax-funded and provides equal access to care, therefore, survival following lung cancer surgery should be unrelated to household income. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between household disposable income and survival following surgery for lung cancer in Sweden. Methods We conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study including all patients who underwent pulmonary resections for lung cancer in Sweden 2008–2017. Individual-level record linkages between national quality and health-data registers were performed to acquire information regarding socioeconomic status and medical history. Cox regression by quintiles of household disposable income was used to estimate the adjusted risk for all-cause mortality. Results We included 5500 patients and the age-adjusted and sex-adjusted incidence rate of death per 100 person-years was 15 and 9.4 in the lowest and highest income quintile, respectively (mean follow-up time 3.2 years). Deprived patients were older, had more comorbidities and were less likely to have preoperative positron emission tomography or minimally invasive surgery, compared with patients with higher income. The adjusted HR for death was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.62 to 0.96) for the highest income quintile compared with the lowest. Conclusions We found an association between household disposable income and survival in patients who underwent surgery for lung cancer in Sweden, despite tax-funded universal health coverage. The association remained after adjustment for differences in baseline characteristics.
Publisher Correction: Safety and feasibility of CRISPR-edited T cells in patients with refractory non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: You Lu, Jianxin Xue, Tao Deng, Xiaojuan Zhou, Kun Yu, Lei Deng, Meijuan Huang, Xin Yi, Maozhi Liang, Yu Wang, Haige Shen, Ruizhan Tong, Wenbo Wang, Li Li, Jin Song, Jing Li, Xiaoxing Su, Zhenyu Ding, Youling Gong, Jiang Zhu, Yongsheng Wang, Bingwen Zou, Yan Zhang, Yanying Li, Lin Zhou, Yongmei Liu, Min Yu, Yuqi Wang, Xuanwei Zhang, Limei Yin, Xuefeng Xia, Yong Zeng, Qiao Zhou, Binwu Ying, Chong Chen, Yuquan Wei, Weimin Li, Tony Mok
Journal: Nature Medicine (2020)
内因子‐ビタミンB12受容体,キュビリンをコードするCUBNの変異は遺伝性巨赤芽球性貧血を生じる
Authors: Aminoff M, Carter J E, Graesbeck R, Abdelaal M A, Broch H, Jenner L B, Verroust P J, Moestrup S K, Krahe R
Journal: Nature Genetics (1999)
Commercial influence and covid-19
Authors: Ray Moynihan, Helen Macdonald, Lisa Bero, Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2020)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Some epigenetic information can be transmitted between generations without changes in the underlying DNA sequence. Changes in epigenetic regulation, termed epimutations, can occur spontaneously and be propagated in populations in a manner reminiscent of DNA mutations. Epimutations mediated by small non-coding RNAs occur in <i>C. elegans</i> and persist for around 3-5 generations on average. Here, we explored whether chromatin states also undergo spontaneous change and whether this could be a potential alternative mechanism for transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. We compared the chromatin and gene expression profiles at matched time points from three independent lineages of <i>C. elegans</i> propagated at minimal population size. Spontaneous changes in chromatin occurred in around 1% of regulatory regions each generation. Some were heritable epimutations and were significantly enriched for heritable changes in expression of nearby protein-coding genes. Most chromatin-mediated epimutations were short-lived but a subset had longer duration. Genes subject to long-lived epimutations were enriched for multiple components of xenobiotic response pathways. This points to a possible role for epimutations in adaptation to environmental stressors.
Selpercatinib: First Approval
Authors: Anthony Markham
Journal: Drugs (2020)

Selpercatinib (RETEVMO™) is a receptor tyrosine kinase RET (rearranged during transfection) inhibitor being developed by Loxo Oncology for the treatment of cancers harbouring RET alterations. Based on results from the phase I/II LIBRETTO-001 trial, selpercatinib was recently approved by the US FDA for the treatment of RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer, RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer and RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of selpercatinib leading to this first approval.
Radiation-induced Adaptive Response: New Potential for Cancer Treatment
Authors: C. Norman Coleman, Iris Eke, Adeola Y. Makinde, Sunita Chopra, Sandra Demaria, Silvia C. Formenti, Shannon Martello, Michelle Bylicky, James B. Mitchell, Molykutty J. Aryankalayil
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Radiotherapy is highly effective due to its ability to physically focus the treatment to target the tumor while sparing normal tissue and its ability to be combined with systemic therapy. This systemic therapy can be utilized before radiotherapy as an adjuvant or induction treatment, during radiotherapy as a radiation “sensitizer,” or following radiotherapy as a part of combined modality therapy. As part of a unique concept of using radiation as “focused biology,” we investigated how tumors and normal tissues adapt to clinically relevant multifraction (MF) and single-dose (SD) radiation to observe whether the adaptations can induce susceptibility to cell killing by available drugs or by immune enhancement. We identified an adaptation occurring after MF (3 × 2 Gy) that induced cell killing when AKT-mTOR inhibitors were delivered following cessation of radiotherapy. In addition, we identified inducible changes in integrin expression 2 months following cessation of radiotherapy that differ between MF (1 Gy × 10) and SD (10 Gy) that remain targetable compared with preradiotherapy. Adaptation is reflected across different “omics” studies, and thus the range of possible molecular targets is not only broad but also time, dose, and schedule dependent. While much remains to be studied about the radiation adaptive response, radiation should be characterized by its molecular perturbations in addition to physical dose. Consideration of the adaptive effects should result in the design of a tailored radiotherapy treatment plan that accounts for specific molecular changes to be targeted as part of precision multimodality cancer treatment.
Abstract PR14: Sub-nucleosomal fragmentation in urine cell-free DNA
Authors: Havell Markus, Jun Zhao, Tania Contente-Cuomo, Elizabeth Raupach, Ahuva Odenheimer-Bergman, Sydney Connor, Bradon McDonald, Elizabeth Hutchins, Marissa McGilvrey, Michelina C. de la Maza, Kendall Van Keuren-Jensen Van Jensen, Patrick Pirrotte Pirrotte, Ajay Goel, Carlos Becerra, Daniel D. Von Hoff, Scott Celinski, Pooja Hingorani, Muhammed Murtaza
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma has been shown to be a promising analyte for noninvasive diagnostics. The collection of blood plasma requires venipuncture, and plasma volume obtainable at a single point is limited. In contrast, cfDNA in urine can be collected noninvasively, with minimal assistance and in larger volumes. However, so far there has been limited success in diagnostic development using urine cfDNA as urine cfDNA is highly fragmented, and whether the characteristics of these fragments reflect underlying genomic architecture is unknown. Here, we perform a comprehensive characterization of fragmentation patterns in urine cfDNA using high-depth whole-genome sequencing from 30 healthy volunteers. We show the distribution of fragment sizes and genome-wide distribution of urine cfDNA fragments are consistent with transient protection from complete degradation by stable intermediates of nucleosome disassembly. Genome-wide nucleosome occupancy and fragment sizes in urine cfDNA are informative of the cell of origin and renal epithelial cells are among the highest contributors in urine. Based on a reference nucleosome map for urine cfDNA positioning, we developed a computational method to measure the fraction of urine cfDNA fragments with aberrant ends at unexpected genomic loci. We observe a higher fraction of fragments with aberrant ends in pediatric and adult cancer patients, distinguishing cancer samples with an area under the curve of 0.89. Our results demonstrate genomic architecture is preserved to an unexpected degree in urine cfDNA and are proof of principle that genome-wide fragmentation analysis of urine cfDNA can enable cancer diagnostics. This abstract is also being presented as Poster B12. Citation Format: Havell Markus, Jun Zhao, Tania Contente-Cuomo, Elizabeth Raupach, Ahuva Odenheimer-Bergman, Sydney Connor, Bradon McDonald, Elizabeth Hutchins, Marissa McGilvrey, Michelina C. de la Maza, Kendall Van Keuren-Jensen Van Jensen, Patrick Pirrotte Pirrotte, Ajay Goel, Carlos Becerra, Daniel D. Von Hoff, Scott Celinski, Pooja Hingorani, Muhammed Murtaza. Sub-nucleosomal fragmentation in urine cell-free DNA [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Liquid Biopsies; Jan 13-16, 2020; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(11_Suppl):Abstract nr PR14.
Parathyroid Carcinoma Shown on 99mTc-Sestamibi Parathyroid SPECT/CT Scan in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Wei Wang, Jun Liu, Jie Liu, Jigang Yang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract A 10-year-old boy presented with back pain. 99m Tc-methylene diphosphonate bone scan demonstrated the sign of metabolic bone disease, suspected due to hyperparathyroidism. 99m Tc-sestamibi parathyroid SPECT/CT demonstrated focal lesion in the lower pole of the right lobe. The pathological examination demonstrated parathyroid carcinoma, which is very rare in pediatric population.
Microglia complement astrocytes in neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Zahra Moinfar, Scott S. Zamvil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory autoimmune disease caused by antibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4) expressed on astrocytes. Binding of AQP4-specific antibodies (NMO-IgG) triggers activation of the complement cascade, which is responsible for astrocyte loss and secondary demyelination. Although the role for the cytolytic complement proteins in astrocyte destruction in NMO is well established, little is known regarding the initial phase of astrocyte injury. In this issue of the JCI, Chen and colleagues evaluated the precytolytic phase when NMO-IgG binds astrocytes in vivo in the absence of exogenous complement. NMO-IgG alone caused astrocyte activation and AQP4 loss. Surprisingly, microglia, CNS-resident innate immune cells that produce endogenous complement, were required for clinical manifestations of disease, a finding that suggests microglia may serve as a therapeutic target in NMO.
APECED‐Associated Hepatitis: Clinical, Biochemical, Histological and Treatment Data From a Large, Predominantly American Cohort
Authors: David M. Chascsa, Elise M. N. Ferré, Yannis Hadjiyannis, Hawwa Alao, Mukil Natarajan, Mariam Quinones, David E. Kleiner, Thomas L. Simcox, Ehsan Chitsaz, Stacey R. Rose, Asa Hallgren, Olle Kampe, Jamie Marko, Rabab O. Ali, Sungyoung Auh, Christopher Koh, Yasmine Belkaid, Michail S. Lionakis, Theo Heller
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED), caused by autoimmune regulator (AIRE) mutations, manifests with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) and multisystem autoimmunity, most often hypoparathyroidism (HP) and adrenal insufficiency (AI). European cohorts previously reported a ~10% prevalence of APECED-associated hepatitis (APAH) with presentations ranging from asymptomatic laboratory derangements to fatal fulminant hepatic failure. Herein, we characterized APAH in a large APECED cohort from the Americas.
Intravital three-dimensional bioprinting
Authors: Anna Urciuolo, Ilaria Poli, Luca Brandolino, Paolo Raffa, Valentina Scattolini, Cecilia Laterza, Giovanni G. Giobbe, Elisa Zambaiti, Giulia Selmin, Michael Magnussen, Laura Brigo, Paolo De Coppi, Stefano Salmaso, Monica Giomo, Nicola Elvassore
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2020)
SARS-CoV-2 and co-infections detection in nasopharyngeal throat swabs of COVID-19 patients by metagenomics
Authors: Le Van Tan, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Nghiem My Ngoc, Tran Tan Thanh, Vo Thanh Lam, Lam Anh Nguyet, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Nguyenn Thi Ha Ny, Ngo Ngoc Quang Minh, Dinh Nguyen Huy Man, Vu Thi Ty Hang, Phan Nguyen Quoc Khanh, Tran Chanh Xuan, Nguyen Thanh Phong, Tran Nguyen Hoang Tu, Tran Tinh Hien, Le Manh Hung, Nguyen Thanh Truong, Lamh Min Yen, Nguyen Thanh Dung, Guy Thwaites, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau
Journal: Journal of Infection (2020)
How Will Machine Learning Inform the Clinical Care of Atrial Fibrillation?
Authors: Konstantinos C. Siontis, Xiaoxi Yao, James P. Pirruccello, Anthony A. Philippakis, Peter A. Noseworthy
Journal: Circulation Research (2020)

Machine learning applications in cardiology have rapidly evolved in the past decade. With the availability of machine learning tools coupled with vast data sources, the management of atrial fibrillation (AF), a common chronic disease with significant associated morbidity and socioeconomic impact, is undergoing a knowledge and practice transformation in the increasingly complex healthcare environment. Among other advances, deep-learning machine learning methods, including convolutional neural networks, have enabled the development of AF screening pathways using the ubiquitous 12-lead ECG to detect asymptomatic paroxysmal AF in at-risk populations (such as those with cryptogenic stroke), the refinement of AF and stroke prediction schemes through comprehensive digital phenotyping using structured and unstructured data abstraction from the electronic health record or wearable monitoring technologies, and the optimization of treatment strategies, ranging from stroke prophylaxis to monitoring of antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) therapy. Although the clinical and population-wide impact of these tools continues to be elucidated, such transformative progress does not come without challenges, such as the concerns about adopting black box technologies, assessing input data quality for training such models, and the risk of perpetuating rather than alleviating health disparities. This review critically appraises the advances of machine learning related to the care of AF thus far, their potential future directions, and its potential limitations and challenges.
cGAS-STING, an important pathway in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Minlin Jiang, Peixin Chen, Lei Wang, Wei Li, Bin Chen, Yu Liu, Hao Wang, Sha Zhao, Lingyun Ye, Yayi He, Caicun Zhou
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2020)

Cytosolic DNA sensing, the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway, is an important novel role in the immune system. Multiple STING agonists were developed for cancer therapy study with great results achieved in pre-clinical work. Recent progress in the mechanical understanding of STING pathway in IFN production and T cell priming, indicates its promising role for cancer immunotherapy. STING agonists co-administrated with other cancer immunotherapies, including cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-programmed death 1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 antibodies, and adoptive T cell transfer therapies, would hold a promise of treating medium and advanced cancers. Despite the applications of STING agonists in cancer immunotherapy, lots of obstacles remain for further study. In this review, we mainly examine the biological characters, current applications, challenges, and future directions of cGAS-STING in cancer immunotherapy.
Publisher Correction: Shared proteomic effects of cerebral atherosclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease on the human brain
Authors: Aliza P. Wingo, Wen Fan, Duc M. Duong, Ekaterina S. Gerasimov, Eric B. Dammer, Yue Liu, Nadia V. Harerimana, Bartholomew White, Madhav Thambisetty, Juan C. Troncoso, Namhee Kim, Julie A. Schneider, Ihab M. Hajjar, James J. Lah, David A. Bennett, Nicholas T. Seyfried, Allan I. Levey, Thomas S. Wingo
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2020)