tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genetic basis and molecular biology of cardiac arrhythmias in cardiomyopathies
Authors: Ali J Marian, Babken Asatryan, Xander H T Wehrens
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2020)

Cardiac arrhythmias are common, often the first, and sometimes the life-threatening manifestations of hereditary cardiomyopathies. Pathogenic variants in several genes known to cause hereditary cardiac arrhythmias have also been identified in the sporadic cases and small families with cardiomyopathies. These findings suggest a shared genetic aetiology of a subset of hereditary cardiomyopathies and cardiac arrhythmias. The concept of a shared genetic aetiology is in accord with the complex and exquisite interplays that exist between the ion currents and cardiac mechanical function. However, neither the causal role of cardiac arrhythmias genes in cardiomyopathies is well established nor the causal role of cardiomyopathy genes in arrhythmias. On the contrary, secondary changes in ion currents, such as post-translational modifications, are common and contributors to the pathogenesis of arrhythmias in cardiomyopathies through altering biophysical and functional properties of the ion channels. Moreover, structural changes, such as cardiac hypertrophy, dilatation, and fibrosis provide a pro-arrhythmic substrate in hereditary cardiomyopathies. Genetic basis and molecular biology of cardiac arrhythmias in hereditary cardiomyopathies are discussed.
Clinical and transmission dynamics characteristics of 406 children with coronavirus disease 2019 in China: A review
Authors: Yang Zhen-Dong, Zhou Gao-Jun, Jin Run-Ming, Liu Zhi-Sheng, Dong Zong-Qi, Xie Xiong, Song Guo-Wei
Journal: Journal of Infection (2020)

Chinese pediatricians are working on the front line to fight COVID-19. They have published a great amount of first-hand clinical data. Collecting their data and forming a large sample for analysis is more conducive to the recognition, prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 in children. The epidemic prevention and control experience of Chinese pediatricians should be shared with the world.By searching Chinese and English literature, the data of 406 children with COVID-19 in China were analyzed.It was found that the clustered incidence of children's families is a dynamic transmission feature; the incidence is low; asymptomatic infections and mild cases account for 44.8%, with only 7 cases of critical illness; laboratory examination of lymphocyte counts is not reduced, as it is for adults; chest CT findings are less severe than those for adults. These presentations are the clinical features of COVID-19 in children. Only 55 of the 406 cases were tested by anal swab for virus nucleic acid, 45 of which were positive, accounting for 81.8% of stool samples.There are more children than adults with asymptomatic infections, milder conditions, faster recovery, and a better prognosis. Some concealed morbidity characteristics also bring difficulties to the early identification, prevention and control of COVID-19. COVID-19 screening is needed in the pediatric fever clinic, and respiratory and digestive tract nucleic acid tests should be performed. Efforts should be made to prevent children from becoming a hidden source of transmission in kindergartens, schools or families. Furthermore, China's experience in treating COVID-19 in children has led to faster recovery of sick children.
Treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa using a long-pulsed hair removal neodymium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet laser: A multicenter, prospective, randomized, intraindividual, comparative trial
Authors: Michael Naouri, Annabel Maruani, Sylvie Lagrange, Olivier Cogrel, Amandine Servy, Anne Marie Collet Vilette, Sabrina Fourcade, Nathalie Gral, Yvon Perrillat, Regine Bousquet Rouaud, Hugues Cartier, Cyril Maire, Dominique Boineau, Gerard Toubel, Isabelle Ollivier, Anne Le Pillouer-Prost, Thierry Passeron
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Myositis as a manifestation of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Maxime Beydon, Kevin Chevalier, Omar Al Tabaa, Sabrina Hamroun, Anne-Sophie Delettre, Marion Thomas, Julia Herrou, Elodie Riviere, Xavier Mariette
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

<h3>Background</h3> A protective effect on injury risk in youth sports through neuromuscular warm-up training routines has consistently been demonstrated. However, there is a paucity of information regarding the quantity and quality of coach-led injury prevention programmes and its impact on the physical performance of players. <h3>Objective</h3> The aim of this cluster-randomised controlled trial was to assess whether different delivery methods of an injury prevention programme (FIFA 11+) to coaches could improve player performance, and to examine the effect of player adherence on performance and injury risk. <h3>Method</h3> During the 2011 football season (May–August), coaches of 31 tiers 1–3 level teams were introduced to the 11+ through either an unsupervised website or a coach-focused workshop with and without additional on-field supervisions. Playing exposure, adherence to the 11+, and injuries were recorded for female 13-year-old to 18-year-old players. Performance testing included the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), single-leg balance, triple hop and jumping-over-a-bar tests. <h3>Results</h3> Complete preseason and postseason performance tests were available for 226 players (66.5%). Compared to the unsupervised group, single-leg balance (OR=2.8; 95% CI 1.1 to 4.6) and the anterior direction of the SEBT improved significantly in the onfield supervised group of players (OR=4.7; 95% CI 2.2 to 7.1), while 2-leg jumping performance decreased (OR=−5.1; 95% CI −9.9 to −0.2). However, significant improvements in 5 of 6 reach distances in the SEBT were found, favouring players who highly adhered to the 11+. Also, injury risk was lower for those players (injury rate ratio, IRR=0.28, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.79). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Different delivery methods of the FIFA 11+ to coaches influenced players’ physical performance minimally. However, high player adherence to the 11+ resulted in significant improvements in functional balance and reduced injury risk.
RNA interference therapeutics targeting angiotensinogen ameliorate preeclamptic phenotype in rodent models
Authors: Nadine Haase, Donald J. Foster, Mark W. Cunningham, Julia Bercher, Tuyen Nguyen, Svetlana Shulga-Morskaya, Stuart Milstein, Sarfraz Shaikh, Jeff Rollins, Michaela Golic, Florian Herse, Kristin Kräker, Ivo Bendix, Meray Serdar, Hanna Napieczynska, Arnd Heuser, Alexandra Gellhaus, Kristin Thiele, Gerd Wallukat, Dominik N. Müller, Babbette LaMarca, Ralf Dechend
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

The RUPP procedure is a well-established model for studying the link between placental ischemia and hypertension in the pregnant rat and has been described in detail previously.( 1) First timed pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats purchased from Harlan Sprague Dawley Inc. (Indianapolis, IN) were used in this study.Twenty-eight pregnant rats were randomly assigned to either the NP, NP rAgt-targeting siRNA, RUPP or the RUPP rAgt-targeting siRNA group.On day 12 of gestation (GD), siRNA was subcutaneously injected into rats (10 mg/kg).On gestational day 14, under isoflurane
Diesel Engine Exhaust Exposure, Smoking, and Lung Cancer Subtype Risks. A Pooled Exposure–Response Analysis of 14 Case–Control Studies
Authors: Calvin Ge, Susan Peters, Ann Olsson, Lützen Portengen, Joachim Schüz, Josué Almansa, Wolfgang Ahrens, Vladimir Bencko, Simone Benhamou, Paolo Boffetta, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Neil Caporaso, Dario Consonni, Paul Demers, Eleonóra Fabiánová, Guillermo Fernández-Tardón, John Field, Francesco Forastiere, Lenka Foretova, Pascal Guénel, Per Gustavsson, Vladimir Janout, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Stefan Karrasch, Maria Teresa Landi, Jolanta Lissowska, Danièle Luce, Dana Mates, John McLaughlin, Franco Merletti, Dario Mirabelli, Tamás Pándics, Marie-Élise Parent, Nils Plato, Hermann Pohlabeln, Lorenzo Richiardi, Jack Siemiatycki, Beata Świątkowska, Adonina Tardón, Heinz-Erich Wichmann, David Zaridze, Kurt Straif, Hans Kromhout, Roel Vermeulen
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

Although the carcinogenicity of diesel engine exhaust has been demonstrated in multiple studies, little is known regarding exposure-response relationships associated with different exposure subgroups and different lung cancer subtypes.
Endorotor-based endoscopic necrosectomy avoiding the superior mesenteric artery
Authors: Gianenrico Rizzatti, Mihai Rimbaș, Mariella De Riso, Michele Impagnatiello, Guido Costamagna, Alberto Larghi
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

A 67-year-old man with a 15-cm pancreatic necrotic collection was transferred to our unit after 2 months' hospitalization for necrotizing pancreatitis. His conditions was poor, with decreased mental status, high fever, neutrophilic leukocytosis (white blood cells 27.6 × 109/L, neutrophils 93.1 %), and signs of sepsis (C-reactive protein 150.5 mg/L, procalcitonin 9.83 ng/mL).
Comparison of staged excision and Mohs micrographic surgery with and without MART-1 immunostains for surgical treatment of melanoma of the head, neck, and special sites: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jessica G. Wilson, Radelys German, Carsten R. Hamann, Nahid Y. Vidal, Matthew LeBoeuf
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Dexamethasone Pharmacokinetics Following Standard and Short Dosing Schedules in Patients on the UKALL2011 Trial
Authors: Rosanna Jackson, Philip Berry, Julie Errington, John Moppett, Sujith Samarasinghe, Rachael Hough, Clare Rowntree, Nicholas John Goulden, Ajay Vora, Pamela R. Kearns, Julie Irving, Gareth J Veal
Journal: Blood (2017)
Abstract 306: Targeting of Cdc42-Interacting Protein 4 - Calcineurin Aβ Complexes Ameliorates Pressure Overload-induced Cardiac Remodeling
Authors: Xiaofeng Li, Jinliang Li, Eliana C Valencia, Catherine Passariello, Hrishikesh Thakur, Michael S Kapiloff
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Pathological cardiac remodeling is the primary mechanism underlying the development of heart failure. The Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin is a key regulator of pathological myocyte hypertrophy. Previously, it was shown that the β-isoform of the calcineurin catalytic A-subunit (CaNAβ) was uniquely required for hypertrophy. In order to determine the mechanism of CaN A-subunit specificity, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen using the CaNAβ-specific N-terminal polyproline domain. We now show that a new binding partner for CaNAβ is the F-Bar (Fes-CIP4 homology [ F CH] - B in/ A mphyphysin/ R vs) scaffold protein Cdc42-interacting protein 4 (CIP4/TRIP10). The CaNAβ polyproline domains binds the SH3 domain of CIP4. Using a new CIP4 conditional knock-out mouse, we show that CIP4 contributes to the hypertrophy induced in vivo by pressure overload. After induction of conditional gene deletion using tamoxifen, CIP4 fl/fl ;Tg(Myh6-cre/Esr1*) mice exhibited decreased hypertrophy and improved cardiac function over a period of 16 weeks following transverse aortic constriction survival surgery when compared to control tamoxifen-treated Tg(Myh6-cre/Esr1*) and CIP4 fl/fl mice. In order to show the relevance of CaNAβ-CIP4 binding, we also developed an adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy vector that expresses a CaNAβ polyproline domain - GFP fusion protein under the control of the cardiac myocyte-specific troponin T promoter. Disruption of CIP4-CaNAβ binding in vivo by the AAV vector attenuates cardiac hypertrophy following two weeks of pressure overload and improved systolic function. Together these results both demonstrate the role of a F-Bar scaffold protein in cardiac remodeling and reveal a novel mechanism for specificity in calcineurin signaling. Identification of this new signaling pathway also suggests a new therapeutic approach to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
Erratum: Sofosbuvir and ledipasvir fixed-dose combination with and without ribavirin in treatment-naive and previously treated patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection (LONESTAR): An open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial (Lancet (2014) 383 (515-23))
Authors: E. Lawitz, F. F. Poordad, P. S. Pang
Journal: The Lancet (2014)
Abstract 16280: Use and Effectiveness of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs Among Patients Referred After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jacob A Doll, S. Andrew Peng, Laine Thomas, P. Michael Ho, Michael C Kontos, Mary Wooley, Thomas F Boyden, Eric D Peterson, Tracy Y Wang
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Guidelines recommend cardiac rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction (MI), yet little is known about contemporary participation rates and whether longer participation continues to provide incremental benefit particularly among older adults. Methods: We linked 40,347 patients 65 years or older referred to cardiac rehabilitation after acute MI in the ACTION Registry-GWTG from Jan 2007 to Dec 2010 to Medicare claims data to examine 1-year mortality. We used multivariable Cox regression to compare mortality among cardiac rehab participants stratified by number of sessions completed as a continuous, time-dependent variable. Results: Overall, 13,116 patients (32.5% of referred) participated in cardiac rehabilitation post-MI. Of those participating, the median number of rehab sessions completed was 26 (IQR 14-35). Those who completed >26 sessions were more likely male (65% vs. 61%), and had slightly fewer comorbidities (Charlson index >3 in 18% vs. 21%). Factors such as age (median 73 yrs), ...
The Interwoven Nature of Medical and Social Complexity in US Children
Authors: Jay G. Berry, Debbi Harris, Ryan J. Coller, Paul J. Chung, Jonathan Rodean, Michelle Macy, Deborah E. Linares
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

costs for patients who were AMAB at our clinic are relatively affordable (testicular biopsy is free, semen analysis costs approximately $66 [AU $100], and annual sperm storage costs approximately $132 [AU $200]).Consistent with this, a recent Dutch study in which FP costs were also largely covered by insurance observed that 12 of 32 transgender individuals who were AMAB (38%) froze sperm prior to starting hormones. 6 Notably, this rate was still considerably lower than ours.One likely reason is that testicular biopsy, which is likely to be less dysphoria-inducing than masturbation and also more suitable for younger adolescents, was not an option for the patients in the Netherlands, highlighting the importance of providing different FP options.
Clinical phenotypes of SARS-CoV-2: implications for clinicians and researchers
Authors: Jordi Rello, Enrico Storti, Mirko Belliato, Ricardo Serrano
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Patients with COVID-19 present a broad spectrum of clinical presentation. Whereas hypoxaemia is the marker of severity, different strategies of management should be customised to five specific individual phenotypes. Many intubated patients present with phenotype 4, characterised by pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction, being associated with severe hypoxaemia with "normal" (>40 mL·cmH2O-1) lung compliance and likely representing pulmonary microvascular thrombosis. Phenotype 5 is often associated with high plasma procalcitonin and has low pulmonary compliance, Which is a result of co-infection or acute lung injury after noninvasive ventilation. Identifying these clinical phenotypes and applying a personalised approach would benefit the optimisation of therapies and improve outcomes.
Mitigating the wider health effects of covid-19 pandemic response
Authors: Margaret Douglas, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Martin Taulbut, Martin McKee, Gerry McCartney
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Countries worldwide have implemented strict controls on movement in response to the covid-19 pandemic. The aim is to cut transmission by reducing close contact (box 1), but the measures have profound consequences. Several sectors are seeing steep reductions in business, and there has been panic buying in shops. Social, economic, and health consequences are inevitable. Box 1 ### Social distancing measuresRETURN TO TEXT The health benefits of social distancing measures are obvious, with a slower spread of infection reducing the risk that health services will be overwhelmed. But they may also prolong the pandemic and the restrictions adopted to mitigate it.1 Policy makers need to balance these considerations while paying attention to broader effects on health and health equity. Several groups may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of both the pandemic and the social distancing measures (box 2). Table 1 summarises several mechanisms through which the pandemic response is likely to affect health: economic effects, social isolation, family relationships, health related behaviours, disruption to essential services, disrupted education, transport and green space, social disorder, and psychosocial effects. Figure 1 shows the complexity of the pathways through which these effects may arise. Below we expand on the first three mechanisms, using Scotland as an example. The appendix on bmj.com provides further details of mechanisms, effects, and mitigation measures. Box 2 ### Groups at particular risk from responses to covid-19RETURN TO TEXT
The Emerging Role of B Lymphocytes in Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Luigi Adamo, Cibele Rocha-Resende, Douglas L. Mann
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2020)

B cells are traditionally known for their ability to produce antibodies in the context of adaptive immune responses. However, over the last decade B cells have been increasingly recognized as modulators of both adaptive and innate immune responses, as well as players in an important role in the pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases. Here, after briefly summarizing our current understanding of B cell biology, we present a systematic review of the literature from both animal models and human studies that highlight the important role that B lymphocytes play in cardiac and vascular disease. While many aspects of B cell biology in the vasculature and, to an even greater extent, in the heart remain unclear, B cells are emerging as key regulators of cardiovascular adaptation to injury.
Pleiotropic effects of polyphenols on glucose and lipid metabolism: Focus on clinical trials
Authors: Giulia Matacchione, Felicia Gurău, Simone Baldoni, Francesco Prattichizzo, Andrea Silvestrini, Angelica Giuliani, Armanda Pugnaloni, Emma Espinosa, Francesco Amenta, Massimiliano Bonafè, Antonio Domenico Procopio, Maria Rita Rippo, Fabiola Olivieri, Jacopo Sabbatinelli
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2020)
Daratumumab, lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone for transplant-eligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: the GRIFFIN trial
Authors: Peter M. Voorhees, Jonathan L. Kaufman, Jacob Laubach, Douglas W. Sborov, Brandi Reeves, Cesar Rodriguez, Ajai Chari, Rebecca Silbermann, Luciano J. Costa, Larry D. Anderson, Nitya Nathwani, Nina Shah, Yvonne A. Efebera, Sarah A. Holstein, Caitlin Costello, Andrzej Jakubowiak, Tanya M. Wildes, Robert Z. Orlowski, Kenneth H. Shain, Andrew J. Cowan, Sean Murphy, Yana Lutska, Huiling Pei, Jon Ukropec, Jessica Vermeulen, Carla de Boer, Daniela Hoehn, Thomas S. Lin, Paul G. Richardson
Journal: Blood (2020)
Abstract 18586: High Serum-amyloid-A/LDL Levels Independently Correlated With Angiographic Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Heart Failure: Baseline Data From the ANOX Study
Authors: Moritake Iguchi, Masahiro Suzuki, Morihiro Matsuda, Yoichi Ajiro, Tsuyoshi Shinozaki, Satoru Sakagami, Kazuya Yonezawa, Masatoshi Shimizu, Junichi Funada, Takashi Takenaka, Yukiko Morita, Takashi Unoki, Daisuke Takagi, Shuichi Ura, Kyoma Wada, Nobutoyo Masunaga, Mitsuru Ishii, Kazuhiko Kotani, Noriko Satoh-Asahara, Mitsuru Abe, Masaharu Akao, Koji Hasegawa, Hiromichi Wada
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the major causes of heart failure (HF). However, biomarkers predicting the presence and severity of CAD in patients with HF are unclear. Methods:...
Emerging roles for human glycolipid transfer protein superfamily members in the regulation of autophagy, inflammation, and cell death
Authors: Shrawan K. Mishra, Yong-Guang Gao, Xianqiong Zou, Daniel J. Stephenson, Lucy Malinina, Edward H. Hinchcliffe, Charles E. Chalfant, Rhoderick E. Brown
Journal: Progress in Lipid Research (2020)
Understanding the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone–SARS-CoV axis: a comprehensive review
Authors: Nicholas E. Ingraham, Abdo G. Barakat, Ronald Reilkoff, Tamara Bezdicek, Timothy Schacker, Jeffrey G. Chipman, Christopher J. Tignanelli, Michael A. Puskarich
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Importance Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been declared a global pandemic with significant morbidity and mortality since first appearing in Wuhan, China, in late 2019. As many countries are grappling with the onset of their epidemics, pharmacotherapeutics remain lacking. The window of opportunity to mitigate downstream morbidity and mortality is narrow but remains open. The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) is crucial to the homeostasis of both the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 utilises and interrupts this pathway directly, which could be described as the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone–SARS-CoV (RAAS–SCoV) axis. There exists significant controversy and confusion surrounding how anti-hypertensive agents might function along this pathway. This review explores the current state of knowledge regarding the RAAS–SCoV axis (informed by prior studies of SARS-CoV), how this relates to our currently evolving pandemic, and how these insights might guide our next steps in an evidence-based manner. Observations This review discusses the role of the RAAS–SCoV axis in acute lung injury and the effects, risks and benefits of pharmacological modification of this axis. There may be an opportunity to leverage the different aspects of RAAS inhibitors to mitigate indirect viral-induced lung injury. Concerns have been raised that such modulation might exacerbate the disease. While relevant preclinical, experimental models to date favour a protective effect of RAAS–SCoV axis inhibition on both lung injury and survival, clinical data related to the role of RAAS modulation in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 remain limited. Conclusion Proposed interventions for SARS-CoV-2 predominantly focus on viral microbiology and aim to inhibit viral cellular injury. While these therapies are promising, immediate use may not be feasible, and the time window of their efficacy remains a major unanswered question. An alternative approach is the modulation of the specific downstream pathophysiological effects caused by the virus that lead to morbidity and mortality. We propose a preponderance of evidence that supports clinical equipoise regarding the efficacy of RAAS-based interventions, and the imminent need for a multisite randomised controlled clinical trial to evaluate the inhibition of the RAAS–SCoV axis on acute lung injury in COVID-19.