tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P187: Pre-kidney Transplant Medical Arterial Calcification as a Risk for Post-transplant Mortality by a Propensity Score Weighting Analysis
Authors: Ekamol Tantisattamo, Natnicha Leelaviwat, Chawit Lopimpisuth, Sakditad Saowapa, Natchaya Polpichai, Possawat Vutthikraivit
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Medial arterial calcification (MAC) detected in the breast by mammography (MG) is exclusively medial and associated with cardiovascular mortality in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This association is unclear in renal transplant recipients (RTR). Hypothesis: By comparing groups of study population balanced by propensity score weighting method, MAC is associated with an increased risk of post-transplant mortality. Methods: Female RTR was divided into 2 groups per presence or absence of pre-transplant MAC examined from MG (MAC and non-MAC), and both groups was balanced with by PS weighting leading to a new study population. Association between MAC and post-transplant mortality of the new study population was examined by multi-variable logistic regression analysis. Results: Of 51 patients, mean age±SD was 57.08±10.47 years old. The majority were white (54.9%) followed by African American (35.3%) and others (9.8%). Incidence rate of mortality was 0.0307 person-years. Median time to follow-up was 3.95 years (range 0.22 to 6.37). Among 20 patients in MAC group, 5 patients died; whereas, only 1 out of 31 patients in non-MAC died (25% vs. 3.23%, p 0.029). Baseline characteristics of both groups were not equal. After using PS weights with generalized boosted modeling, new study population’s characteristics were balanced (Figure 1). MAC is associated with 5.97 times higer the odd of morality compared to non-MAC, but the association was not significant (OR 5.97; 95%CI 0.61, 58.77). After adjusted for age, race, causes of ESRD, dialysis modality, dialysis vintage, donor type, donor age, and type of immunosuppressive medications, the magnitude of the association was increased and becomes significant (OR 38.40; 95%CI 2.44, 604.54). Conclusions: Similar to ESRD, MAC remains associated with higher mortality in RTR and this association is confirmed by well-matched study population. Prevention of pre-transplant MAC should be pursued to mitigate poor post-transplant outcomes.
PTH hypersecretion triggered by a GABAB1 and Ca2+-sensing receptor heterocomplex in hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Wenhan Chang, Chia-Ling Tu, Frederic G. Jean-Alphonse, Amanda Herberger, Zhiqiang Cheng, Jenna Hwong, Hanson Ho, Alfred Li, Dawei Wang, Hongda Liu, Alex D. White, Insoo Suh, Wen Shen, Quan-Yang Duh, Elham Khanafshar, Dolores M. Shoback, Kunhong Xiao, Jean-Pierre Vilardaga
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2020)
Estimation of the Percentage of US Patients With Cancer Who Are Eligible for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Drugs
Authors: Alyson Haslam, Jennifer Gill, Vinay Prasad
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) drugs have gained popularity in oncology because of their ability to boost a person’s immune response against cancer cells.1 We recently estimated that 43.6% of US patients with cancer are eligible for ICI therapy, and up to 12.5% of patients respond to it.2 However, those were best-case estimates, and postmarketing studies for several of these drugs have failed to show improvement in overall survival or progression-free survival.3 The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has revised some ICI drug labels, and future changes may follow.4 Accordingly, we sought to reestimate the eligibility of ICIs, taking into consideration recent FDA label changes and results of postmarketing studies.
脈絡叢乳頭腫患者における陽子磁気共鳴分光学とタリウム201-テクネチウム99mメトキシイソブチルイソニトリル単光子放射型コンピュータ断層撮影法の所見:症例報告 | 文献情報 | J-GLOBAL 科学技術総合リンクセンター
Authors: Shibata Y, Katayama W, Anno I, Kawamura H, Matsumura A
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2007)
Spasms and Myoclonus in a Young Woman With Hashimoto Thyroiditis
Authors: Dingding Shen, Haiyan Zhou, Sheng Chen
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2020)

A 39-year-old woman presents with a 3-week history of worsening spasms in her axial and lower limb muscles, new-onset urinary retention, and sudden episodes of involuntary spasms in her abdominal muscles. What is your diagnosis?
Associations of habitual fish oil supplementation with cardiovascular outcomes and all cause mortality: evidence from a large population based cohort study
Authors: Zhi-Hao Li, Wen-Fang Zhong, Simin Liu, Virginia Byers Kraus, Yu-Jie Zhang, Xiang Gao, Yue-Bin Lv, Dong Shen, Xi-Ru Zhang, Pei-Dong Zhang, Qing-Mei Huang, Qing Chen, Xian-Bo Wu, Xiao-Ming Shi, Dong Wang, Chen Mao
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the associations of habitual fish oil supplementation with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in a large prospective cohort. Design Population based, prospective cohort study. Setting UK Biobank. Participants A total of 427 678 men and women aged between 40 and 69 who had no CVD or cancer at baseline were enrolled between 2006 and 2010 and followed up to the end of 2018. Main exposure All participants answered questions on the habitual use of supplements, including fish oil. Main outcome measures All cause mortality, CVD mortality, and CVD events. Results At baseline, 133 438 (31.2%) of the 427 678 participants reported habitual use of fish oil supplements. The multivariable adjusted hazard ratios for habitual users of fish oil versus non-users were 0.87 (95% confidence interval 0.83 to 0.90) for all cause mortality, 0.84 (0.78 to 0.91) for CVD mortality, and 0.93 (0.90 to 0.96) for incident CVD events. For CVD events, the association seemed to be stronger among those with prevalent hypertension (P for interaction=0.005). Conclusions Habitual use of fish oil seems to be associated with a lower risk of all cause and CVD mortality and to provide a marginal benefit against CVD events among the general population.
The Effect of Influenza Vaccination for the Elderly on Hospitalization and Mortality
Authors: Michael L. Anderson, Carlos Dobkin, Devon Gorry
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Background: Observational studies using traditional research designs suggest that influenza vaccination reduces hospitalizations and mortality among elderly persons. Accordingly, health authorities in some countries prioritize vaccination of this population. Nevertheless, questions remain about this policy's effectiveness given the potential for bias and confounding in observational data. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in reducing hospitalizations and mortality among elderly persons by using an observational research design that reduces the possibility of bias and confounding. Design: A regression discontinuity design was applied to the sharp change in vaccination rate at age 65 years that resulted from an age-based vaccination policy in the United Kingdom. In this design, comparisons were limited to individuals who were near the age-65 threshold and were thus plausibly similar along most dimensions except vaccination rate. Setting: England and Wales. Participants: Adults aged 55 to 75 years residing in the study area during 2000 to 2014. Intervention: Seasonal influenza vaccine. Measurements: Hospitalization and mortality rates by month of age. Results: The data included 170 million episodes of care and 7.6 million deaths. Turning 65 was associated with a statistically and clinically significant increase in rate of seasonal influenza vaccination. However, no evidence indicated that vaccination reduced hospitalizations or mortality among elderly persons. The estimates were precise enough to rule out results from many previous studies. Limitation: The study relied on observational data, and its focus was limited to individuals near age 65 years. Conclusion: Current vaccination strategies prioritizing elderly persons may be less effective than believed at reducing serious morbidity and mortality in this population, which suggests that supplementary strategies may be necessary. Primary Funding Source: National Institute on Aging.
Global hepatitis C elimination: an investment framework
Authors: Alisa Pedrana, Jessica Howell, Nick Scott, Sophia Schroeder, Christian Kuschel, Jeffrey V Lazarus, Rifat Atun, Ricardo Baptista-Leite, Ellen 't Hoen, Sharon J Hutchinson, Lisa Aufegger, Raquel Peck, Annette H Sohn, Tracy Swan, Mark Thursz, Olufunmilayo Lesi, Manik Sharma, John Thwaites, David P Wilson, Margaret Hellard
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2020)
Abstract P272: Associations of an Epigenetic Biomarker of Aging and Healthspan With BMI Status and Metabolic Health in Adult African Americans: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Steven Nguyen, Weihua Guan, Jan Bressler, Megan Grove, Rui Xia, Zhiying Wang, Lindsay E Fernandez-rhodes, Anne E Justice, Yun Li, Eric A Whitsel, Kari E North, Myriam Fornage, Eric Boerwinkle, James S Pankow, Ellen W Demerath
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Individuals with obesity are thought to be protected against some chronic disease as long as they do not incur metabolic health (MH) conditions. A new epigenetic biomarker of accelerated biological aging and health span, PhenoAge, was developed using DNA methylation (DNAm) markers. We hypothesized that obesity would be associated with higher PhenoAge than normal weight and overweight individuals only in the presence of MH conditions. Methods: DNAm was measured in leukocyte DNA for 2,454 African American participants (mean age=56.4 years) and used to calculate PhenoAge. BMI status was categorized as normal weight, overweight, and obese and MH was categorized by 0, 1, or at least 2 of the following: coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, type-2 diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Linear regression tested the cross-sectional association of PhenoAge with BMI and MH, adjusting for sociodemographic variables, smoking, and technical variables. Stratified analyses by MH status were conducted to illustrate the statistical effects of BMI status in adults with and without MH conditions. Results: Participants with obesity had approximately 8 months higher PhenoAge compared to normal weight (β=0.68, 95% CI=0.21, 1.14, p=4.1E-3), and those with one (β=0.55, 95% CI=0.15, 0.94, p=6.4E-3) or at least 2 (β=0.81, 95% CI=0.38, 1.25, p=2E-4) MH conditions also had higher PhenoAge compared to those with 0 conditions. Figure 1 shows increments in PhenoAge with increments in number of MH conditions regardless of BMI. PhenoAge was significantly higher for obese compared to overweight for 0 and 1 MH conditions, but not compared to normal weight. Conclusions: In African American adults, both obesity status and presence of MH conditions were associated with a higher PhenoAge, suggesting metabolically healthy obesity is not entirely benign. Further phenotyping of the “metabolic health” obese condition is warranted to understand its relevance for healthspan.
Analysis of pharmacogenetic biomarkers in rectal patients trated with chemoradiotherapy
Authors: M. J. Lamas, E. Balboa, G. Duran, P. Rana, A. Gomez, B. Bernardez, R. Lopez, A. Carracedo, F. Barros
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15051 Background: 5FU-based chemoradiotherapy before total mesorectal excision (TME) is currently the gold standard treatment for stage II and III rectal cancer patients. Pathological complete response (pCR) is related with a longer survival. We have used known predictive pharmacogenetics biomarkers to identify in our series responders and non responders to preoperative RQ. Methods: 77 stage II/III rectal patients were genotyped using direct sequencing (TS VNTR) and SNAPshot (DPYD, EGFR) techniques. DNA was obtained from peripheral blood samples. We have studied Thymidylate synthetase (TS VNTR; high expression haplotypes: TSER 2R/3R, 3C/3G, 3G/3G and low expression: TSER 2R/2R, 2R/3C, 3C/3C; TS 1494del6: associated to a better efficay of 5Fu), dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD; DPYD*2 associated to worse toxicity), EGFR (CA repeats in intron 1: 16/16 associated to worse efficacy) polymorphisms. Median age of our study cohort was 65 years old (37–85). There were 24 female and 53 male patients. All of them were Caucasian. 21 patients (27.3%) had stage II and 56 (72.7%) stage III. They were staged by TC, colonoscopy and endorectal ultrasonography. The patients received 5fu 325 mg/m2/day continuous infusion along the hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy schedule (50,4 Gy). All were submitted to TME. Outcomes after surgery are measured by tumour regression grade (from TRG1= complete pathological response, to TRG5=no regression). Data were studied by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: The sample was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for all polymorphisms, irrespectively of the response status. 50 patients (64.9%) and 27 (35.1%) had low and high expression genotype for TS respectively. pCR (TRG1) was obtained in 24 patients (31,6%) and microscopic foci (TRG2) in 14 (18,2%), TRG 3–4 in 38 (49,3%), and 1 patient had no response (TRG5). We haven’t found a statistically significant relationship between TRG1 and TS status, or any other biomarker studied. There's no relationship also with initial clinical stage. Conclusions: Biomarkers EGFR (intron 1 CA repeats), TS (TS 1494del6, TS VNTR) and DPYD in blood samples, are not good enough to predict response to RQ in rectal cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Application of the RTOG recursive partitioning analysis classification to brain metastases from colorectal cancer
Authors: H. Yasui, T. Yoshino, N. Boku, Y. Onozawa, S. Hironaka, A. Fukutomi, K. Yamazaki, N. Machida, J. Tochikubo, K. Mitsuya
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4104 Background: Colorectal cancer infrequently causes brain metastases (BMs). Recently, the incidence of BMs from colorectal cancer (CRC) has been reported to be increasing as 3 % of all metastatic CRCs, especially in patients (pts) with lung metastases (LMs). The RTOG previously developed three prognostic classes for BMs using a recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) classification, including Karnofsky performance status, controlled primary tumor, extracranial metastases, and an age. However, the relevance of this classification for CRC remains unclear, because only a few CRC pts were included in the RTOG database. The present studies retrospectively evaluate the usefulness of RPA classification for BMs from CRC. Methods: The subjects were consecutive 290 metastatic CRCs without symptomatic BMs who treated with any chemotherapy initiated in our institution between 2002 and 2005. The treatment of BMs, including whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), surgery, and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), were indicated for pts whose life expectancy was considered to exceed 3 months (M). Results: BMs were detected in 20 pts out of 133 (15%) with LMs at base line, with a median follow-up time of 17.7 M. In the remaining 157 pts, BMs were found in 3 pts out of 41(7%) who had developed LMs during follow-up and 2 pts out of 116 (2%) without LMs. In total, overall incidence of BMs was 9% (25/ 290). Median duration from the diagnosis of LMs to BMs was 12 M (range: 4.4–33.6). According to RPA, the 25 pts with BMs were classified into Class I 0 (0%), Class II 12 (48%) and Class III 13 (52%). Treatments for BMs were performed to all pts of Class II, and to 6 pts (46%) of Class III. Median overall survivals from detecting BMs were Class II 9.7 M and Class III 3.0 M (logrank test; p=0.02). In the 18 pts treated for BMs, median BMs progression-free survival of Class II and Class III were 3.0 M and 3.1 M. Conclusions: It is suggested that the incidence of BMs from CRC is more common than previously reported. Overall survivals for BMs reproduce the results from RPA classification. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Clinical and Pharmacological Effects of Apixaban Dose Adjustment in the ARISTOTLE Trial
Authors: Michel Zeitouni, Anna Giczewska, Renato D. Lopes, Daniel M. Wojdyla, Christina Christersson, Agneta Siegbahn, Raffaele De Caterina, Philippe Gabriel Steg, Christopher B. Granger, Lars Wallentin, John H. Alexander
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Comparison of bedside estimates of renal function and measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in 510 adult oncology patients
Authors: M. J. Dooley, S. G. Poole, D. Rischin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

19512 Background: Various bedside formulae have been used in practice to estimate renal function to predict drug dosing. Recently the ‘4-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease’ (4-v MDRD) equation 1 was derived in patients with chronic renal disease and has been advocated for application in oncology. The aim of this study was to compare measured GFR with estimates from formula based equations in adult oncology patients. Methods: GFR was determined using technetium-99m diethyl triamine penta-acetic acid (Tc 99m DTPA) clearance, serum creatinine (Jaffe method) was measured and renal function estimates calculated using 4-v MDRD, Cockcroft and Gault (CGF), Wright, Martin, and Jelliffe (JF) formulae. Accuracy, bias (mean % error (MPE)) and precision were assessed for varying levels of GFR, body mass index (BMI), age and gender. Results: In 510 adult oncology patients (323 male, 187 female, mean age 63years, range 17–87years) GFR was determined using Tc99mDTPA clearance (mean 84mL/min, range 16–205mL/min). The mean (range) calculated GFR was 72mL/min/1.73m 2 (9–162mL/min/1.73m 2 ), 71ml/min (11–267mL/min), 78mL/min (12- 195mL/min), 81mL/min (12–279mL/min), 64mL/min/1.73m 2 (10–165mL/min/1.73m 2 ) for 4-v MDRD, CGF, Wright, Martin, and JF formula respectively. Bias, precision and accuracy (%within 30% and 50% of true GFR) of estimates are shown in the table . The Wright and Martin formulae had greater bias relating to degree of renal function and gender respectively. The 4-v MDRD equation provided a less biased estimate compared to the CGF across all levels of renal function and BMI. Conclusions: When compared to measured GFR, the 4-v MDRD equation provides a less biased estimate compared to the other formulae evaluated across a range of variables including degree of renal function and BMI. The limitations of all the bedside estimates must be understood to allow appropriate clinical utility. 1. Levey AS, et al. Ann Intern Med 2006; 145: 247–254. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 15520: A Multiscale Model of Cardiac Remodeling Under Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: From Organ to Titin
Authors: Reza Avaz, Emilio Mendiola, Richard A F Dixon, Michael Sacks
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Right ventricular (RV) function is the primary determinant of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients survival. Our recent studies suggested that, in response to pressure overl...
A painful swollen hand
Authors: Henry O’Brien, Jayanth Paniker
Journal: BMJ (2020)

A 25 year old man presented with a painful, swollen right hand after a night socialising with friends. He had consumed enough alcohol for him to be unable to recall the mechanism of injury. He had no medical history.

On examination there was swelling extending from the wrist to the metacarpophalangeal joints, which was greater on the ulnar side of his hand and palpation was tender in this region.

He was able to make a fist and extend his fingers and wrist. No rotational deformity or neurovascular deficit was seen.

No fractures were visible …
Abstract P2-19-02: Circulating osteocalcin-positive cells as a novel diagnostic biomarker for bone metastasis in breast cancer patients
Authors: Sun Wook W Cho, Kyung-Hun Lee, Tae-Yong Kim, Serk In Park, Seock-Ah Im
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Purpose: Diagnosis of bone metastasis (BM) in breast cancer relies on structural changes of bone. We investigated whether circulating osteocalcin-positivecells (cOC) could detect the incipient and/or progressive BM earlier than image-based diagnostics. Experimental design: Metastatic breast cancer patients with or without bone metastasis (designated BM+ or BM-) were enrolled and cOC were quantified at baseline by flow cytometry. The progression of BM was evaluated after 18 months. Murine BM models were established by intra-tibial or -cardiac injection of MDA-MB-231 or 4T1 breast cancer cells. Results: In the baseline analysis, cOC was significantly higher in BM+ than BM- group. In the 18-month follow-up study of BM+ patients (n=63), baseline cOC was significantly associated with BM disease progression. Among BM- patients (n=33), three patients developed new bone metastasis within 18 months and were found to have had higher cOC at baseline. The patients with higher cOC showed shortened BM progression-free survival, compared with those with lower cOC (cutoff=0.045%; P&amp;lt;.001; HR 4.79; 95% CI 2.17-10.56). In murine intra-tibial injection models, cOC significantly increased at an early time-point, even when micro-metastases were evident only by histologic examination but undetectable by bioluminescence imaging. Additionally, in an intra-cardiac injection model, the mice with higher cOC developed BM at an earlier time point, compared with the mice with lower cOC. Conclusions: cOC is increased in the early phase of breast cancer BM and predict the disease progression. cOC can be a novel biomarker for early diagnosis and progression of BM. Citation Format: Sun Wook W Cho, Kyung-Hun Lee, Tae-Yong Kim, Serk In Park, Seock-Ah Im. Circulating osteocalcin-positive cells as a novel diagnostic biomarker for bone metastasis in breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-19-02.
Risk of neoplastic change in large gastric hyperplastic polyps and recurrence after endoscopic resection
Authors: Emmanuel Forté, Bérénice Petit, Thomas Walter, Vincent Lépilliez, Geoffroy Vanbiervliet, Florian Rostain, Neven Barsic, Eduardo Albeniz, Gonzalo Gonzalez Gete, Jose Carlos Marín Gabriel, Cristina Cuadrado-Tiemblo, Jean-Philippe Ratone, Jérémie Jacques, Timothée Wallenhorst, Fabien Subtil, Jérémie Albouys, Marc Giovannini, Stanislas Chaussade, Véréna Landel, Thierry Ponchon, Jean-Christophe Saurin, Maximilien Barret, Mathieu Pioche
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Abstract Background Gastric hyperplastic polyps (GHPs) have a risk of neoplastic transformation reaching 5 %. Current endoscopic resection techniques appear suboptimal with a high risk of local recurrence. This study assessed the outcomes of endoscopic resection for GHPs and identified risk factors for recurrence and neoplastic transformation. Methods This retrospective, multicenter, European study included adult patients with at least one GHP ≥ 10 mm who underwent endoscopic resection and at least one follow-up endoscopy. Patients with recurrent GHPs or hereditary gastric polyposis were excluded. All data were retrieved from the endoscopy, pathology, and hospitalization reports. Results From June 2007 to August 2018, 145 GHPs in 108 patients were included. Recurrence after endoscopic resection was 51.0 % (74 /145) in 55 patients. R0 resection or en bloc resection did not impact the risk of polyp recurrence. In multivariate analysis, cirrhosis was the only risk factor for recurrence (odds ratio [OR] 4.82, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.33 – 17.46; P = 0.02). Overall, 15 GHPs (10.4 %) showed neoplastic transformation, with size &gt; 25 mm (OR 10.24, 95 %CI 2.71 – 38.69; P &lt; 0.001) and presence of intestinal metaplasia (OR 5.93, 95 %CI 1.56 – 22.47; P = 0.01) being associated with an increased risk of neoplastic transformation in multivariate analysis. Conclusions Results confirmed the risk of recurrence and neoplastic transformation of large GHPs. The risk of neoplastic change was significantly increased for lesions &gt; 25 mm, with a risk of high grade dysplasia appearing in polyps ≥ 50 mm. The risk of recurrence was high, particularly in cirrhosis patients, and long-term follow-up is recommended in such patients.