tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest in Dermatology Patient Advocacy Organizations
Authors: David G. Li, Sean Singer, Arash Mostaghimi
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

Patient advocacy organizations are nonprofit organizations that represent patients with medical conditions. Although these organizations may increase disease awareness and influence health care policy, reports have suggested financial relationships between organizations and drug, device, and biotechnology companies, which may lead to potential conflicts of interest. The extent of these conflicts has not been explored among patient advocacy organizations in dermatology.To examine potential financial conflicts of interest and characterize disclosure practices among dermatology patient advocacy organizations.This cross-sectional study of the largest dermatology patient advocacy organizations using the Kaiser Health News database acquired data on total revenue from each organization's Form 990 for the year 2015. Tax forms and annual reports from 2017 were used for 2 organizations that were missing donor information for 2015. Annual reports, websites, and LinkedIn profiles were manually examined to ascertain donations and determine disclosure practices pertaining to financial support and board membership.The amount and minimum proportion of donations attributable to industry sponsorship among organizations as well as the proportion of organizations disclosing (1) industry-sponsored financial support, (2) the amount of industry-derived donations, and (3) current and past relationships between governing board members and industry sponsors.This study identified 24 dermatology patient advocacy organizations with annual revenues that exceeded $500 000. Of these, 5 (21%) had total donations that exceeded $5 million and 4 (17%) reported industry donations that exceeded $500 000. Two organizations (8%) reported having at least 40% of total donations from industry sponsorship. Overall, 17 organizations (71%) reported receiving donations from industry on the annual report or the website and 12 (50%) reported the amount of donations in ranges. None of the organizations reported the exact amount or use of donations. On the basis of annual reports and websites, 3 organizations (13%) reported having a current or former industry executive on the organization's governing board. When this search was replicated using LinkedIn, this figure was at least 54%.These findings suggest inconsistent disclosure of industry-derived financial support and board membership that may represent conflicts of interest. Policies that support the transparency and consistency of disclosure practices between industry and patient advocacy organizations appear to be needed to fully characterize the extent of conflicts of interest among patient advocacy organizations in dermatology and maintain trust in these important institutions.
Molecular Profile and Cytomorphological Manifestation of Isolated Y Loss in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Christina Ganster, Lana Harder, Ulrike Bacher, Katayoon Shirneshan, Sascha Dierks, Roman Martin, Katharina Rittscher, Corinna Strupp, Gabriela Salinas, Jörg Bäsecke, Bertram Glass, Ahmet Elmaagacli, Friederike Braulke, Siegfried Siehl, Bernd Sievers, Urlike Söling, Julie Schanz, Martin Stolze, Daniel Heudobler, Ulrich Germing, Detlef Haase
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 17555: Healthcare Disparities in Heart Failure: Identifying the Burden and Predictors of Preclinical Diastolic Dysfunction (Stage B Heart Failure) in a Hispanic Population With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Siu-Hin Wan, Andrew S Pumerantz, Fanglong Dong, Pamela Vila, Cesar Ochoa, Horng H Chen
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Preclinical diastolic dysfunction (PDD, Stage B HF) is common in type 2 diabetes (DM2) and portends high risk for development of symptomatic HF (Stage C and D) in prior research in Caucasian cohorts. Routine screening for Stage B HF is not part of current consensus guidelines for DM2 management. The true prevalence and clinical characteristics of PDD in Hispanic populations with DM2 remain undefined. Objective: To identify the prevalence and predictors of undetected PDD in a cohort of adult Hispanic patients with DM2. Methods: From 2013 to 2016, a cross-sectional cohort study of consecutive adults with DM2 was performed in Pomona, California, USA. Patients without signs/symptoms of HF underwent 2D and Doppler echocardiographic screening, and were grouped into two subcohorts: 1) normal diastolic function, and 2) PDD, defined by either medial E/e’ ≥15 or left atrial volume index ≥ 34 mL/m2. Multivariable logistic analysis was performed. Results: Among the 387 study subjects, 77% were Hispanic ...
Probing the happy place
Authors: Kelly A. Mills
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2019)

A variety of neurological procedures, including deep brain stimulation and craniotomies that require tissue removal near elegant cortices, require patients to remain awake and responsive in order to monitor function. Such procedures can produce anxiety and are poorly tolerated in some subjects. In this issue of the JCI, Bijanki and colleagues demonstrate that electrical stimulation of the left dorsal anterior cingulum bundle promoted a positive (mirthful) effect and reduced anxiety, without sedation, in three patients with epilepsy undergoing intracranial electrode monitoring. The results of this study highlight the need for further evaluation of anterior cingulum stimulation to reduce anxiety during awake surgery and as a possible approach for treating anxiety disorders.
Abstract P133: Comparative Effectiveness of Aerobic, Resistance, and Combined Training on Health-related Quality of Life in Inactive, Overweight/Obese, and Pre-/Stage 1-Hypertensive Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Exercise Trial
Authors: Duck-chul Lee, Elizabeth C Schroeder
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Although regular exercise has been shown to improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL), there is still very little evidence on what type or combination of exercise is most effective for the improvement of HRQOL. Hypothesis: We examined the hypothesis that the combination of aerobic and resistance training has a greater improvement in HRQOL than aerobic training (AT) or resistance training (RT) only, in individuals with a relatively lower HRQOL who are inactive, overweight or obese, and pre- or stage 1-hypertensive. Methods: This 8-week randomized controlled exercise intervention included 69 adults aged at least 45 years old (mean age 58 years, 61% female, mean body mass index 32.4 kg/m2). All participants were randomly assigned to 1) AT only, 2) RT only, 3) a combination of AT plus RT, or 4) no exercise control group. All exercise participants had the same exercise duration (time-matched), 3 days per week for 60 minutes per session (total 180 minutes per week). We used the Short-Form 36-item Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire to measure HRQOL. All participants were included in the intention-to-treat analyses. We used linear mixed-effects models for repeated measures over time, and all analyses were adjusted for baseline values of each HRQOL domain, age, and sex. Results: From pre to post test, the AT improved two domains of the HRQOL: vitality (p&lt;0.01) and mental health (p=0.03), and the combined AT plus RT improved three domains: vitality (p=0.01), mental health (p=0.04), and general health (p&lt;0.01). Also, all exercise participants reported a significant improvement in health using the health change question of the SF-36 from pre to post test (all p values &lt;0.05). Further, participants in the combined AT plus RT group reported a significant improvement in health, compared to the control group (p&lt;0.01). In the analyses of the changes in total SF-36 score including all HRQOL domains, we found 3.4% (p=0.32), 5.3% (p=0.11), 8.5% (p=0.01), and 1.6% (p=0.63) improvement in total HRQOL in the AT, RT, combined AT plus RT, and control group, respectively, from pre to post test. Conclusions: In individuals who are inactive, overweight or obese, and pre- or stage 1-hypertensive, our results suggest that a combined AT plus RT exercise regimen appears to be more effective in improving HRQOL by providing additive benefits, compared to time-matched AT or RT only.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis infection among the elderly in 20 486 rural residents aged 50–70 years in Zhongmu County, China
Authors: H. Xin, H. Zhang, J. Liu, S. Pan, X. Li, X. Cao, B. Feng, L. Guan, F. Shen, Z. Liu, D. Wang, J. Yan, M. Zhang, Q. Yang, Q. Jin, L. Gao
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2019)
Abstract 15821: Demonstration of the Anatomical Tachycardia Circuit in Sinoatrial Node Reentrant Tachycardia: Analysis Using the Entrainment Method
Authors: Hiroshige Yamabe, Hisanori Kanazawa, Miwa Ito, Shozo Kaneko, Yusuke Kanemaru, Takuya Kiyama, Kenichi Tsujita
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: The anatomical tachycardia circuit in the sinoatrial node reentrant tachycardia (SANRT) is not well clarified. Objective: The purpose of this study was to define the reentry circuit of SANRT using the entrainment method. Methods: In 12 patients with SANRT, the earliest atrial activation site (EAAS) was identified by the three-dimensional mapping system (EnSite). While recording the atrial electrogram at the EAAS during tachycardia, rapid atrial pacing at a rate 5 beats/minute faster than the tachycardia rate was delivered from multiple sites of right atrium (RA) and coronary sinus (CS) to demonstrate manifest entrainment with orthodromic capture of EAAS, and defined the direction of proximity of slow conduction area (SCA) of reentry circuit. When EAAS was orthodromically captured with manifest entrainment, radiofrequency energy was delivered starting at a site 2 cm away from the EAAS in the direction of entrainment pacing site. Then application site was gradually advanced toward EAAS until SAN...
Erratum. Elevated Serum Xanthine Oxidase Activity Is Associated With the Development of Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2018;41;884–890
Authors: Xue Li, Xing Meng, Xiangchun Gao, Xiuyu Pang, Yanjiao Wang, Xiaoyan Wu, Xinrui Deng, Qiao Zhang, Changhao Sun, Ying Li
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)
Activated and Exhausted MAIT Cells Foster Disease Progression and Indicate Poor Outcome in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Meng Duan, Shyamal Goswami, Jie-Yi Shi, Lin-Jie Wu, Xiao-Ying Wang, Jia-Qiang Ma, Zhao Zhang, Yang Shi, Li-Jie Ma, Shu Zhang, Rui-Bin Xi, Ya Cao, Jian Zhou, Jia Fan, Xiao-Ming Zhang, Qiang Gao
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Innate immunity is an indispensable arm of tumor immune surveillance, and the liver is an organ with a predominance of innate immunity, where mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are enriched. However, little is known about the phenotype, functions, and immunomodulatory role of MAIT cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Experimental Design: The distribution, phenotype, and function of MAIT cells in patients with HCC were evaluated by both flow cytometry (FCM) and in vitro bioassays. Transcriptomic analysis of MAIT cells was also performed. Prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating MAIT cells was validated in four independent cohorts of patients with HCC.Despite their fewer densities in HCC tumor than normal liver, MAIT cells were significantly enriched in the HCC microenvironment compared with other mucosa-associated organs. Tumor-derived MAIT cells displayed a typical CCR7-CD45RA-CD45RO+CD95+ effector memory phenotype with lower costimulatory and effector capabilities. Tumor-educated MAIT cells significantly upregulated inhibitory molecules like PD-1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, secreted significantly less IFNγ and IL17, and produced minimal granzyme B and perforin while shifting to produce tumor-promoting cytokines like IL8. Transcriptome sequencing confirmed that tumor-derived MAIT cells were reprogrammed toward a tumor-promoting direction by downregulating genes enriched in pathways of cytokine secretion and cytolysis effector function like NFKB1 and STAT5B and by upregulating genes like IL8, CXCL12, and HAVCR2 (TIM-3). High infiltration of MAIT cells in HCC significantly correlated with an unfavorable clinical outcome, revealed by FCM, qRT-PCR, and multiplex IHC analyses, respectively.HCC-infiltrating MAIT cells were functionally impaired and even reprogrammed to shift away from antitumor immunity and toward a tumor-promoting direction.See related commentary by Carbone, p. 3199.
Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may predict prognostic factor with gemcitabine, cisplatin (GC) for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer.
Authors: Toru Otsuru, Daisuke Sakai, Akie Kimura, Chiaki Inagaki, Naohiro Nishida, Yoshifumi Iwagami, Takehiro Noda, Tadafumi Asaoka, Kunihito Gotoh, Shogo Kobayashi, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Taroh Satoh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

410 Background: There is little information available about prognostic markers of GC (gemcitabine, cisplatin) in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC). Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in several cancers was might to be a prognostic factor associated with clinical outcomes, we examine NLR in patient with BTC underwent chemotherapy (GC). Methods: Retrospective chart review for consecutive patients who underwent GC for advanced BTC in our institute were performed. The patients who were enrolled in ongoing clinical trials were excluded. Gemcitabine and cisplatin were administered intravenously at doses of 1,000 or 25 mg/m2, on day one and eight, every three weeks. We divided these patients based on estimated NLR, and evaluated the clinicopathological factors and survival in the two groups (NLR ≥ 3 or &lt; 3). Results: 57 patients from 2013 to 2017 were reviewed. 23 patients were in NLR ≥ 3 group and 34 patients were in NLR &lt; 3 group. Patients characteristics were as follows; median age, 68 years old (range: 38-83) years: male 36 (63%); primary tumor lesion, intrahepatic bile duct 6 (10%)/extrahepatic bile duct 32 (56%)/gallbladder 18 (32%)/ampulla of vater 1 (2%); therapeutic purpose, palliative 50 (88%)/adjuvant 5 (8%)/neoadjuvant 2 (4%); PS, 0/1. Response rate of the patients who had measurable lesion according to RECIST v1.1 was 17% (8/46), and disease control rate was 70% (32/46). The progression-free survival rate between the two groups is not significantly different. Although, the median overall survival (OS) of NLR ≥ 3 group was 11.8 months, while OS of NLR &lt; 3 group was 29.2 months. The overall survival rate in the NLR ≥ 3 group was significantly lower than that in the NLR &lt; 3 group ( P = 0.0339). Conclusions: Our study confirmed that high NLR is associated with worse OS and PFS, and suggested it may be a predictive marker for GC chemotherapy in patients with BTC.
A Scoring System to Predict the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Its Validation in a Cohort of Ibrutinib-Treated Patients
Authors: Andrea Visentin, Marina Deodato, Francesca Romana Mauro, Francesco Autore, Gianluigi Reda, Candida Vitale, Stefano Molica, Gian Matteo Rigolin, Silvia Imbergamo, Edoardo Scomazzon, Stefano Pravato, Federica Frezzato, Monica Facco, Francesco Piazza, Laura Cesini, Alessandra Tedeschi, Luca Laurenti, Agostino Cortelezzi, Marta Coscia, Antonio Cuneo, Robin Foà, Gianpietro Semenzato, Livio Trentin
Journal: Blood (2018)
Mast cell expression of IL-33, ST2 and TSLPR in the skin of atopic dermatitis post-allergen exposure
Authors: Lucie White, Xuanzhi Yin, Emma Price, Sai Sakktee Krisna, Hermenio Lima, Roma Sehmi, Gail M. Gauvreau, Dhuha Al-Sajee
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Abstract 17590: Hydrophilic Statins Are Associated With a Lower Risk of Incident Heart Failure Than Lipophilic Statins in a Large National Database
Authors: Tasnim F Imran, Adrian Wong, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Rishi Desai
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Statins differ in their properties based on lipophilicity. Hydrophilic statins are liver specific, whereas lipophilic statins are widely distributed in different tissues. Objective: t...
TFDP3and DDX53 are Highly Re-Expressed after One Cycle of Azacitidine in Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients Achieving Complete Response: A Cancer Testis Antigen RNA-Seq Screening
Authors: Ana M Hurtado López, Tzu Hua Chen-Liang, Joaquín Panadero, Eduardo José Salido, Victor Beltrán, Begoña Muiña, Noelia Navarro-Villamor, Inés Calabria, Ana Isabel Antón, Francisco José Ortuño, Vicente Vicente, Andres Jerez
Journal: Blood (2018)
89Zr-labeled Bispecific T-cell Engager AMG 211 PET Shows AMG 211 Accumulation in CD3-rich Tissues and Clear, Heterogeneous Tumor Uptake
Authors: Kirsten L. Moek, Stijn J.H. Waaijer, Iris C. Kok, Frans V. Suurs, Adrienne H. Brouwers, C. Willemien Menke-van der Houven van Oordt, Thijs T. Wind, Jourik A. Gietema, Carolien P. Schröder, Shekar V.K. Mahesh, Annelies Jorritsma-Smit, Marjolijn N. Lub-de Hooge, Rudolf S.N. Fehrmann, Derk Jan A. de Groot, Elisabeth G.E. de Vries
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Purpose: Biodistribution of bispecific antibodies in patients is largely unknown. We therefore performed a feasibility study in 9 patients with advanced gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas to explore AMG 211 biodistribution (also known as MEDI-565), an approximately 55 kDa bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE®) directed against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) on tumor cells and cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) on T-cells. Experimental Design: 89Zr-labeled AMG 211 as tracer was administered alone or with cold AMG 211, for PET imaging before and/or during AMG 211 treatment. Results: Before AMG 211 treatment, the optimal imaging dose was 200-μg 89Zr-AMG 211 + 1,800-μg cold AMG 211. At 3 hours, the highest blood pool standardized uptake value (SUV)mean was 4.0, and tracer serum half-life was 3.3 hours. CD3-mediated uptake was clearly observed in CD3-rich lymphoid tissues including spleen and bone marrow (SUVmean 3.2 and 1.8, respectively), and the SUVmean decreased more slowly than in other healthy tissues. 89Zr-AMG 211 remained intact in plasma and was excreted predominantly via the kidneys in degraded forms. Of 43 visible tumor lesions, 37 were PET quantifiable, with a SUVmax of 4.0 [interquartile range (IQR) 2.7–4.4] at 3 hours using the optimal imaging dose. The tracer uptake differed between tumor lesions 5-fold within and 9-fold between patients. During AMG 211 treatment, tracer was present in the blood pool, whereas tumor lesions were not visualized, possibly reflecting target saturation. Conclusions: This first-in-human study shows high, specific 89Zr-AMG 211 accumulation in CD3-rich lymphoid tissues, as well as a clear, inter- and intraindividual heterogeneous tumor uptake.
Patient reported abdominal pain as a surrogate of the clinical benefit of tipifarnib in pancreatic cancer patients.
Authors: Antonio Gualberto, Catherine Rose Scholz, Eric Van Cutsem
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

275 Background: Tumor CXCL12 expression identifies patients who may benefit from tipifarnib therapy. In pancreatic cancer, CXCL12 is known to decrease abdominal pain by inducing the migration of pain suppressing Schwann cells to tumor lesions. Given the association between CXCL12 and pain suppression, we investigated whether the absence of patient reported abdominal pain could be a surrogate of clinical benefit from tipifarnib in pancreatic cancer patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled trial comparing gemcitabine plus tipifarnib (GT) versus gemcitabine plus placebo (GP) in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients. Tipifarnib was given at 200 mg bid orally continuously; gemcitabine at standard dosing. Primary study end point was overall survival. Results: 688 patients were enrolled of whom 155 (22.5%) reported no abdominal pain at study entry, 81 received GT and 74 GP. Baseline characteristics were balanced in the subset of patients with no reported abdominal pain (GT,GP): median age (63,59), female gender (35%,43%), ECOG 0-1 (89%,90%), metastatic disease (64%,70%), 6-month weight loss &gt;10% (48%,39%), 6-month jaundice history (51%,45%), and prior Whipple surgery (16%,13%). Subjects receiving GT who did not report abdominal pain at study entry had higher frequency of locally advanced disease (36% vs 24%) and 6-month jaundice (51% vs 38%), and lower frequency of lung (6% vs 14%) and peritoneum (4% vs 13%) metastases than those reporting pain. No differences in survival were observed in the overall study. Median overall survival for GT was 193 vs 182 days for GP. Notably, absence of abdominal pain at study entry was associated with higher median survival in the GT arm (no pain, pain): 305 vs 176 days, HR=0.52, p&lt;0.0001, whereas no significant effect was observed in the control arm: 184 vs 182 days. A trend for better survival with GT was observed in subset of patients with no abdominal pain at study entry (GT,GP): 305 vs 184 days, p=0.058. Conclusions: Absence of abdominal pain may serve as a surrogate of clinical benefit from tipifarnib in pancreatic cancer. (Van Cutsem et al. JCO 2004;22:1430-8; NCT00005648; Trial Sponsor: J&amp;J PRD). Clinical trial information: NCT00005648.
Abstract 15769: CD73-Mediated Adenosine Production by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Reduces the Innate Inflammatory Response Following Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Eric Y Shin, Lanfang Wang, Marina Zemskova, Juline Deppen, Kai Xu, Andrés J García, James Dahlman, Rabindra Tirouvanziam, Rebecca D Levit
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury causes excessive release of immunogenic metabolites that stimulate innate immune cells to infiltrate vulnerable myocardium and drive tiss...
Re: Rano Matta, Christopher J.D. Wallis, Mitchell G. Goldenberg, et al. Variation and Trends in Antidepressant Prescribing for Men Undergoing Treatment for Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer: A Population-based Cohort Study. Eur Urol 2019;75:3–7
Authors: Salvador Vale
Journal: European Urology (2019)
Challenges to curing primary brain tumours
Authors: Kenneth Aldape, Kevin M. Brindle, Louis Chesler, Rajesh Chopra, Amar Gajjar, Mark R. Gilbert, Nicholas Gottardo, David H. Gutmann, Darren Hargrave, Eric C. Holland, David T. W. Jones, Johanna A. Joyce, Pamela Kearns, Mark W. Kieran, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Melinda Merchant, Stefan M. Pfister, Steven M. Pollard, Vijay Ramaswamy, Jeremy N. Rich, Giles W. Robinson, David H. Rowitch, John H. Sampson, Michael D. Taylor, Paul Workman, Richard J. Gilbertson
Journal: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology (2019)

Despite decades of research, brain tumours remain among the deadliest of all forms of cancer. The ability of these tumours to resist almost all conventional and novel treatments relates, in part, to the unique cell-intrinsic and microenvironmental properties of neural tissues. In an attempt to encourage progress in our understanding and ability to successfully treat patients with brain tumours, Cancer Research UK convened an international panel of clinicians and laboratory-based scientists to identify challenges that must be overcome if we are to cure all patients with a brain tumour. The seven key challenges summarized in this Position Paper are intended to serve as foci for future research and investment.