tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A review of cutaneous mucinoses in children
Authors: F. Rongioletti
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Mucin is a jelly‐like substance largely made of hyaluronic acid that is a normal component of the skin, usually produced by fibroblasts. However, in disease conditions called mucinoses, mucin accumulates in the skin in large amounts, causing swollen lesions (affected patches of skin) as it holds water. Cutaneous mucinoses are a group of diseases in adults that are uncommon in children. They include systemic (whole body) conditions such as scleromyxedema, pretibial mucinosis or scleredema, or skin‐limited conditions such as reticular erythematous mucinosis, localized lichen myxedematosus or cutaneous focal mucinosis. Cutaneous mucinoses occurring in childhood are less well understood than mucinoses in adults, because of the rarity of the diseases in children. The diagnosis and management of cutaneous mucinoses in children is also a difficult task due to a lack of adequate scientific knowledge or evidence‐based recommendations. The aim of this review is to help dermatologists and pediatricians identify patients with cutaneous mucinoses in childhood and enable them to start appropriate treatment. An attempt to build the first classification of childhood cutaneous mucinoses is proposed, to better clarify the issue. This summary relates to the study: Primary paediatric cutaneous mucinoses
Actomyosin, vimentin and LINC complex pull on osteosarcoma nuclei to deform on micropillar topography
Authors: Nayana Tusamda Wakhloo, Sebastian Anders, Florent Badique, Melanie Eichhorn, Isabelle Brigaud, Tatiana Petithory, Maxime Vassaux, Jean-Louis Milan, Jean-Noël Freund, Jürgen Rühe, Patricia M. Davidson, Laurent Pieuchot, Karine Anselme
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
Representational formats in medial temporal lobe and neocortex also determine subjective memory features
Authors: Nikolai Axmacher
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2019)

Abstract Episodic memories are shaped by the representational format of their contents. These formats are not only determined by medial temporal lobe areas, but essentially also by the neocortical regions which these areas control. The representational formats of medial temporal lobe and neocortex are sufficient to determine both, memory contents and subjective memory qualities, without the further need for an attribution system.
Exclusion of patients with brain metastases from cancer clinical trials
Authors: Roshal R Patel, Vivek Verma, Austin B Miller, Timothy A Lin, Amit Jethanandani, Andres F Espinoza, Walker Mainwaring, Alexander Augustyn, C David Fuller, Erik P Sulman, Debra N Yeboa, Caroline C Chung, Mary Frances McAleer, Jing Li, Daniel Yoshor, John F de Groot, Jacob J Mandel, Ethan B Ludmir
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)
Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Self-injurious Thoughts and Behaviors in a Nationally Representative Sample of Preadolescent Children in Great Britain
Authors: Richard T. Liu
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

This cross-sectional study examines data from the 1999 and 2004 surveys of Mental Health of Children and Young People in Great Britain to assess the prevalence of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in a nationally representative sample of preadolescent individuals.
Pharmacokinetics-Guided Dosing of Hydroxyurea Can Achieve Near-Pancellular Fetal Hemoglobin Expression in Sickle Cell Anemia: F-Cell Analysis As a Benchmark for Disease-Modifying Therapy
Authors: Charles T. Quinn, Omar Niss, Amanda Pfeiffer, Jennifer Korpik, Holly Bonar, Mary Reynaud, Russell E. Ware, Patrick T. McGann
Journal: Blood (2019)
Decreasing <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit by Decolonizing Parents
Authors: Philip Zachariah, Lisa Saiman
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Label-free whole-colony imaging and metabolic analysis of metastatic pancreatic cancer by an autoregulating flexible optical system
Authors: Binglin Shen, Junshuai Yan, Shiqi Wang, Feifan Zhou, Yihua Zhao, Rui Hu, Junle Qu, Liwei Liu
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Cancer metastasis is a Gordian knot for tumor diagnosis and therapy.Many studies have demonstrated that metastatic processes are inevitably affected by the tumor microenvironment.Histopathology is used universally as the gold standard for cancer diagnosis despite the lengthy preparation process and invasiveness.Methods: Here, we introduced a supercontinuum and super-wide-tuning integrated multimodal platform, which combines the confocal, nonlinear and fluorescence lifetime microscopy with autoregulations, for label-free evaluation of fresh tissue and pathological sections.Based on various automated tunable lasers, synchronized and self-adjusting components and eight fast switching detection channels, the system features fast, large-field and subcellular-scale imaging of exogenous and endogenous fluorophores, nonlinear coherent scattering and lifetime contrast.Results: With such an integrated multi-dimensional system, we searched the metastatic region by two-photon and three-photon excited autofluorescence, analyzed the cancer invasion by second harmonic generation and revealed the affected cellular metabolism by phasor-lifetime.We demonstrated the flexible measurement of multiple nonlinear modalities at NIR I and II excitation with a pre-compensation for group delay dispersion of ~7,000 fs 2 and low power of <40 mW, and of dual autofluorescence lifetime decays for phasor approach to decompose cancer-associated and disassociated components.This significantly revealed the metastatic and metabolic optical signatures of the whole colony of pancreatic cancers. Conclusion:The synergistic effect of the system demonstrates the great potential to translate this technique into routine clinical applications, particularly for large-scale and quantitative studies of metastatic colonization.
Systematic Review and External Validation of Prediction Models Based on Symptoms and Biomarkers for Identifying Endoscopic Activity in Crohn's Disease
Authors: Eelco C. Brand, Sjoerd G. Elias, Itta M. Minderhoud, Julius J. van der Veen, Filip J. Baert, David Laharie, Peter Bossuyt, Yoram Bouhnik, Anthony Buisson, Guy Lambrecht, Edouard Louis, Benjamin Pariente, Marieke J. Pierik, C. Janneke van der Woude, Geert R.A. M. D’Haens, Séverine Vermeire, Bas Oldenburg
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2019)
SCIDOT-29. EVALUATING THE FEASIBILITY OF INTRANASAL FLT DELIVERY FOR PET IMAGING OF PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS
Authors: Grant Carlisle, Austin Fowler, Joel Soma, Lester Drewes, Bret Friday
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary brain tumor with a dismal prognosis. Overall survival rates have been correlated to initial tumor resection making improved imaging techniques necessary for improved patient outcomes. Functional imaging with fluorothymidine (FLT) has been limited due to inefficient transfer through the blood-brain-barrier. In this experiment, we strived to test the efficacy of tritium-labeled-FLT (3H-FLT) delivery to brain tissue through intranasal (IN) versus intravenous (IV) administration in a rat model. METHODS Adult rats (Sprague Dawley, 180-200g) received 3H-FLT through either an IN or IV delivery method. At 5, 20, and 60 minutes, concentrations of 3H-FLT were measured in 16 brain regions as well as blood and non-target organs via isotope quantitation using scintillation detection. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. RESULTS Intranasal olfactory bulb concentrations of 3H-FLT trended higher compared to IV olfactory bulb. All other brain region concentrations were insignificantly different. Kp (brain-blood ratio) values mimicked this trend. Secondary calculations were performed to evaluate intranasal CNS drug targeting. Initial trends showed a more effective IN drug penetration to the olfactory bulb, spinal cord, and hippocampus. Drug targeting efficiency (DTE%) was found to be highest in the olfactory bulb at 212%, but all other brain regions were greater than 100% suggesting more efficient drug targeting with intranasal administration. Nose-to-brain direct transport percentage (DTP%), and comparative brain bioavailability (B%) showed similar trends. Non-target tissues including heart, lung, adipose and skeletal muscle were collected in the 5- and 60-minute trials and found to be significantly higher than all brain concentrations. CONCLUSION Drug delivery calculations suggest increased efficacy with IN administration of FLT to all brain regions compared to IV administration. However, additional optimization is likely necessary to improve PET imaging of primary brain tumors using IN delivery due to the relatively small differences observed.
TM-021. HDAC INHIBITORS: A SYNTHETIC LETHAL TOOL FOR TARGETED THERAPY OF PLGAs?
Authors: Charles Stiles, Yu Sun, Shwetal Mehta, Christopher Taylor, John Alberta
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2013)

The p53 tumor suppressor mediates cellular responses (growth arrest and/or apoptosis) in response to ionizing radiation or genotoxic drugs. In previous studies, we have shown that the neurogenic transcription factor Olig2 opposes these p53-mediated responses to DNA-damaging agents in neurosphere cul
PATH-50. ROUTINE MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF GLIOMA PATIENTS USING A GLIOMA-SPECIFIC NGS PANEL
Authors: Koji Yoshimoto, Nayuta Higa, Hajime Yonezawa, Hiroyuki Uchida, Toshiaki Akahane, Akihide Tanimoto
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract AIM The 2016 WHO classification requires molecular diagnosis in routine glioma diagnostics. However, analysis of key driver gene mutations and chromosome 1p/19q co-deletions cannot be performed in a single platform. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of a glioma-specific NGS panel for molecular diagnosis of glioma patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed a glioma-specific NGS panel consisting of 48 genes, including glioma-relevant key driver genes and 21 genes mapped to chromosome 1 and 19. DNA was extracted from formaldehyde fixed-paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues histologically identified by a pathologist, and from patient-derived blood as a control. In this system, we implemented a molecular barcodes method to enhance confidence in clinical samples and analyzed 80 glioma patients (Grade II: 17 cases, Grade III: 16 cases, Grade IV: 47 cases). RESULTS From these 80 cases, IDH1 and H3F3A mutations were detected in 23 cases (29%) and 2 cases (5%), respectively. The 1p/19q co-deletion was detected in 15 cases (19%), with all cases also containing IDH1 mutations. In Grade IV cases, EGFR, PDGFR, and FGFR mutations were detected in 6% (amp 19%), 9%, and 4% (amp 17%) of cases, respectively. PTEN, TP53, NF1, RB1, and CDKN2A mutations were detected in 37% (del 72%), 45% (del 13%), 21% (del 23%), 15% (del 60%), and 2% (del 53%) of cases, respectively. CONCLUSION Diagnosis of glioma patients with this glioma-specific NGS panel is feasible.
Regulatory T-cell therapy in Crohn’s disease: challenges and advances
Authors: Jennie N Clough, Omer S Omer, Scott Tasker, Graham M Lord, Peter M Irving
Journal: Gut (2020)

The prevalence of IBD is rising in the Western world. Despite an increasing repertoire of therapeutic targets, a significant proportion of patients suffer chronic morbidity. Studies in mice and humans have highlighted the critical role of regulatory T cells in immune homeostasis, with defects in number and suppressive function of regulatory T cells seen in patients with Crohn’s disease. We review the function of regulatory T cells and the pathways by which they exert immune tolerance in the intestinal mucosa. We explore the principles and challenges of manufacturing a cell therapy, and discuss clinical trial evidence to date for their safety and efficacy in human disease, with particular focus on the development of a regulatory T-cell therapy for Crohn’s disease.
Impact of Treating Oral Disease on Preventing Vascular Diseases: A Model-Based Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Periodontal Treatment Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Sung Eun Choi, Corneliu Sima, Ankur Pandya
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

OBJECTIVE Previous randomized trials found that treating periodontitis improved glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), thus lowering the risks of developing T2D-related microvascular diseases and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Some payers in the U.S. have started covering nonsurgical periodontal treatment for those with chronic conditions, such as diabetes. We sought to identify the cost-effectiveness of expanding periodontal treatment coverage among patients with T2D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted to estimate lifetime costs and health gains using a stochastic microsimulation model of oral health conditions, T2D, T2D-related microvascular diseases, and CVD of the U.S. population. Model parameters were obtained from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2009–2014) and randomized trials of periodontal treatment among patients with T2D. RESULTS Expanding periodontal treatment coverage among patients with T2D and periodontitis would be expected to avert tooth loss by 34.1% (95% CI −39.9, −26.5) and microvascular diseases by 20.5% (95% CI −31.2, −9.1), 17.7% (95% CI −32.7, −4.7), and 18.4% (95% CI −34.5, −3.5) for nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy, respectively. Providing periodontal treatment to the target population would be cost saving from a health care perspective at a total net savings of $5,904 (95% CI −6,039, −5,769) with an estimated gain of 0.6 quality-adjusted life years per capita (95% CI 0.5, 0.6). CONCLUSIONS Providing nonsurgical periodontal treatment to patients with T2D and periodontitis would be expected to significantly reduce tooth loss and T2D-related microvascular diseases via improved glycemic control. Encouraging patients with T2D and poor oral health conditions to receive periodontal treatment would improve health outcomes and still be cost saving or cost-effective.
Abstract 11177: Frequency and Predictive Value of Abnormal Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) Score in Patients Needing Coronary Interventions
Authors: Greta Estacio, Inyoung Kim, Nelson L Bernardo, Eunyoung Lee
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Backgrounds: Coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are significant manifestations of atherosclerotic vascular disease, one of the major causes of morbidity and mortali...
A Trial of the Beta-Blocker Bucindolol in Patients with Advanced Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Eric J Eichhorn, Michael J Domanski, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Michael R Bristow, Philip W Lavori
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Although beta-adrenergic–receptor antagonists reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with mild-to-moderate chronic heart failure, their effect on survival in patients with more advanced heart failure is unknown.
Abstract 295: Improving Response to Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Verified Responder Pilot Program
Authors: Jennifer Blackwood, Dawn B Jorgenson, Mengqi Gao, Richard Price, Michael Mancera, Scott Bavery, Christopher Carbon, Jeffrey Luther, Julie Charbonneau, Jeremy Robertson, Jeff Helm, James M Nania, Brian Schaeffer, Bryan Collins, Mohamud R Daya, Brent VanKeulen, Thomas Rea
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Survival following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) decreases as the interval from collapse to CPR and defibrillation increases. Most OHCA events occur in private locations. Innovative approaches are needed to reduce response interval, especially into private locations. Methods: We undertook the Verified Responder Program in 5 United States communities during calendar year 2018, whereby off-duty EMS professionals volunteered and were equipped with Philips automated external defibrillators (AEDs). Volunteers were alerted using a geospatial smartphone application (PulsePoint) integrated with 9-1-1 dispatch to respond to nearby private and public suspected OHCA. The prospective study evaluated the frequency of verified responder alert, response, scene arrival, and initial care for OHCA occurring prior to EMS arrival. The investigation surveyed responder experience using a 5 point Likert scale. OHCA surveillance was assessed using the CARES registry. Results: The Verified Responder Program involved 593 volunteers equipped with 550 AEDs drawn from 5 EMS agencies covering a population of 1.3 million persons (Table 1). Of the 660 eligible OHCA events (483 private, 177 public), verified responders were alerted in 9.4% (n=62) of events. Among the 483 in a private location, responders were alerted in 10.4% (n=50), responded in 2.1% (n=10), arrived on scene in 1.7% (n=8), and provided initial care in 1.5% (n=7). Among the 177 in a public location, responders were alerted in 6.8% (n=12), responded in 3.4% (n=6), arrived on scene in 2.8% (n=5), and provided initial care in 1.1% (n=2). Overall, responders reported a highly favorable experience (4.5/5). None reported an adverse event. Conclusions: In this initial US-based experience of smartphone alert program for suspected OHCA in private or public locations, volunteer experiences were uniformly favorable. Volunteers were alerted, responded, and involved in a small fraction of OHCA.
ROS-augmented and tumor-microenvironment responsive biodegradable nanoplatform for enhancing chemo-sonodynamic therapy
Authors: Jie An, Yong-Guo Hu, Kai Cheng, Cheng Li, Xiao-Lin Hou, Gang-Lin Wang, Xiao-Shuai Zhang, Bo Liu, Yuan-Di Zhao, Ming-Zhen Zhang
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among People Using Extramedical Opioids
Authors: Sarah Larney, Lucy Thi Tran, Janni Leung, Thomas Santo, Damian Santomauro, Matt Hickman, Amy Peacock, Emily Stockings, Louisa Degenhardt
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> Extramedical opioid use has escalated in recent years. A better understanding of cause-specific mortality in this population is needed to inform comprehensive responses. <h3>Objective</h3> To estimate all-cause and cause-specific crude mortality rates (CMRs) and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) among people using extramedical opioids, including age- and sex-specific estimates when possible. <h3>Data Sources</h3> For this systematic review and meta-analysis, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Embase were searched for studies published from January 1, 2009, to October 3, 2019, and an earlier systematic review on this topic published in 2011. <h3>Study Selection</h3> Cohort studies of people using extramedical opioids and reporting mortality outcomes were screened for inclusion independently by 2 team members. <h3>Data Extraction and Synthesis</h3> Data were extracted by a team member and checked by another team member. Study quality was assessed using a custom set of items that examined risk of bias and quality of reporting. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis models. Heterogeneity was assessed using stratified meta-analyses and meta-regression. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Outcome measures were all-cause and cause-specific CMRs and SMRs among people using extramedical opioids compared with the general population of the same age and sex. <h3>Results</h3> Of 8683 identified studies, 124 were included in this analysis (100 primary studies and 24 studies providing additional data for primary studies). The pooled all-cause CMR, based on 99 cohorts of 1 262 592 people, was 1.6 per 100 person-years (95% CI, 1.4-1.8 per 100 person-years), with substantial heterogeneity (<i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 99.7%). Heterogeneity was associated with the proportion of the study sample that injected opioids or was living with HIV infection or hepatitis C. The pooled all-cause SMR, based on 43 cohorts, was 10.0 (95% CI, 7.6-13.2). Excess mortality was observed across a range of causes, including overdose, injuries, and infectious and noncommunicable diseases. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> The findings suggest that people using extramedical opioids experience significant excess mortality, much of which is preventable. The range of causes for which excess mortality was observed highlights the multiplicity of risk exposures experienced by this population and the need for comprehensive responses to address these. Better data on cause-specific mortality in this population in several world regions appear to be needed.
Lymphadenopathy-Associated Virus Isolated from Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in AIDS-Related Complex with Lymphoid Interstitial Pneumonitis
Authors: J M Ziza, F Brun-Vezinet, A Venet, C H Rouzioux, J Traversat, B Israel-Biet, F Barre-Sinoussi, J C Chermann, P Godeau
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)
有多少人开发生物制剂 tildrakizumab 的抗药抗体, 以及这对其治疗有效性产生哪些影响
Authors: A.B. Kimball, T. Kerbusch, F. van Aarle, P. Kulkarni, Q. Li, A. Blauvelt, K.A. Papp, K. Reich, D. Montgomery
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

生物制剂是用于治疗包括银屑病在内的一系列疾病的强大药物。它们可以非常有效;但身体的免疫系统通常会阻抗感染,可产生“抗药抗体”(ADAS), 这些抗体将“生物制剂”当作有害的“侵入者”, 并试图阻止它们。这些抗体可能会导致严重的副作用, 和/或可能降低药物的有效性。 在美国、加拿大和德国进行的这项研究的作者在参加三项 tildrakizumab 生物制剂临床试验的患者中评估了抗药抗体。 在这三项试验中, 患者服用 100 mg 或 200 mg tildrakizumab。1400 例患者从研究的第 12 周至第 16 周接受研究,780 例在第 52‐64 周接受研究。 100 mg 剂量组患者中有 3% 出现了抗药抗体。这导致第 52 周平均临床应答降低(意味着药物疗效不佳)。但存在抗体与严重不良反应(有害的副作用)的发生率增加无关。 200 mg 剂量组患者的结果尚不明确。最近在欧洲和美国此药物 100 mg 剂量治疗已获批准用于临床用途。作者指出, 抗体的发生率小于其他类型生物制剂的观察结果。 This summary relates to the study: “评估免疫原性对 tildrakizumab 药代动力学、疗效和安全性的影响”。