tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB1105 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CAPILLAROSCOPIC ALTERATIONS AND ANGIOGENIC AND TISSUE REMODELING FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH DERMATOMYOSITIS.
Authors: V. Kachkovska, A. Kovchun, O. Orlovskiy, L. Prystupa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: During last years we are seeking for new biomarkers of early or even preclinical diseases stages, precise definition of disease activity and accurate prediction of the disease course as well as biomarkers of treatment efficiency. Nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) considering as a method for early or even preclinical diagnostic tool for systemic scleroderma, at the same time there is enough data that dermatomyositis (DM) characterized with similar NFC changes along with other idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) due to the peripheral vascular involvement. Objectives: The goal of our research was aimed to analyze possible association between capillaroscopic alterations and angiogenic, tissue remodeling factors in patients with DM. Methods: 44 patients with DM were examined and included in the study. NFC we performed using Dino - Lite CapillaryScope with 200 magnification. We assessed nailfold capillary density (NCD), presence of microhemorrhages, giant, dilated and ramified capillaries, scleroderma patterns (defined as an early, active or late pattern) and neovascular pattern (defined as an active and late scleroderma patterns). We use Manual Muscle Testing 8 (MMT8), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Myositis Disease Activity Assessment Tool (MDAAT), Cutaneous Dermatomyositis Disease Area and Severity Index (CDASI), physician’s VAS, patient’s VAS, serum muscle enzymes levels to asses disease activity. The level of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were assayed by the enzyme immunoassay system in the blood serum. We divided patients into 4 groups: 1 st group – 17 DM patients with early NFC scleroderma pattern, 2 nd group included 11 DM patients with active NFC scleroderma pattern, 3 rd group – 6 DM patients with late NFC scleroderma pattern and 4 th group included 10 DM patients with no any significant NFC alterations. Results: We didn’t find any significant difference of the VEGF level between examined groups, though the level of VEGF in the 1 st group was – 473,65±48,24 pg/ml, 2 nd – 412,89±106,24 pg/ml, 3 rd – 283,0±71,93 pg/ml, 4 th – 305,9±45,89 pg/ml (p=0,12, F=2,06), however at the same time we compare the level of VEGF between patients with long disease duration and newly onset disease and VEGF was higher among newly onset active DM patients – 465,32±54,54pg/ml VS 324,96±41,16 pg/ml (p=0,042, F=4,365). The level of TGF-α in the 1 st group was 100,82±8,98 ng/ml, 2 nd – 65,78±9,21 ng/ml, 3 rd – 56,9±5,01 ng/ml, 4 th – 65,5±10,2 ng/ml, though it was significantly higher in the 1 st group patients (p=0,002, F=5,88). Conclusion: According to our results we can assume that VEGF and TGF-α could be applied as biomarkers of disease activity and duration, however more data is required. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
ER pathway activity as a predictive biomarker for neoadjuvant endocrine therapy
Authors: E.J. Blok, de Inda, A. Charehbili, E. den Biezen, S. Fruytier, A. van Brussel, C.M. Seynaeve, J.R. Kroep, W. Verhaegh, C.J.H. van de Velde, A. van de Stolpe, P.J.K. Kuppen
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)
Severe acute respiratory syndrome [1] (multiple letters)
Authors: Moira Chan-Yeung, Wing Hong Seto, Joseph J.Y. Sung, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Nicholas I. Paton, Yu Meng Tan, Pierce K.H. Chow, Khee Chee Soo, S. C. Yeoh, E. Lee, B. W. Lee, D. L. Goh, Annalee Yassi, Michael A. Noble, Patricia Daly, Elizabeth Bryce, Ying Hen Hsieh, Cathy Woan Shu Chen, John H. Lange, Ronald E. LaPorte, Andrew F. Smith, Cathy Wild, John Law, Peter D.O. Davies
Journal: BMJ (2003)
miR‐495 and miR‐5688 are down‐regulated in non‐small cell lung cancer under hypoxia to maintain interleukin‐11 expression
Authors: Meng Zhao, Jiao Chang, Ran Liu, Yahui Liu, Jin Qi, Yanhui Wang, Xinwei Zhang, Lu Qiao, Yu Jin, Haohua An, Li Ren
Journal: Cancer Communications (2020)

Abstract Background Hypoxia is a hallmark of cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. However, the molecular mechanism by which hypoxia promotes tumor progression remains unclear. MicroRNAs dysregulation has been shown to play a critical role in the tumor and tumor microenvironment. Here, we investigated the roles of miR‐495 and miR‐5688 in human non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and their underlying mechanism. Methods The expression levels of miR‐495 and miR‐5688 in human NSCLC tissue specimens were measured by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Deferoxamine (DFO) was used to determine whether the regulation of miR‐495 and miR‐5688 under hypoxia was dependent on hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐alpha (HIF‐1α). Furthermore, the functions of miR‐495 and miR‐5688 in tumor progression were evaluated using colony formation, 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐5‐(3‐carboxymethoxyphenyl)‐2‐(4‐sulfophenyl)‐2H‐tetrazolium (MTS), wound healing, transwell assays, and xenograft model. Two algorithms, PicTAR and Targetscan, were used to predict the target gene of these two miRNAs, and dual‐luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm the target. The unpaired two‐tailed t test, Pearson correlation analysis, and Fisher's exact probability test were performed for statistical analyses. Results Two miRNAs, miR‐495 and miR‐5688, were found to participate in NSCLC progression under hypoxia. They were down‐regulated in NSCLC tissues compared with normal tissues. We determined that hypoxia led to the down‐regulation of miR‐495 and miR‐5688 in NSCLC cells, which was independent of HIF‐1α and cellular metabolic energy. In addition, miR‐495 and miR‐5688 suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro . The NSCLC xenograft model showed that miR‐495 and miR‐5688 inhibited tumor formation in vivo . Interestingly, we found that miR‐495 and miR‐5688 had the same target, interleukin‐11 (IL‐11). Recombinant human IL‐11 counteracted the effects of miR‐495 and miR‐5688 on NSCLC cells, suggesting that miR‐495 and miR‐5688 executed their tumor suppressive role by repressing IL‐11 expression. Conclusion We found that hypoxia down‐regulated the expression levels of miR‐495 and miR‐5688 in NSCLC to enhance IL‐11 expression and tumor progression, indicating that the miR‐495/miR‐5688/IL‐11 axis may serve as a therapeutic target and potential biomarker for NSCLC.
Novel Paravascular Lesions with Abnormal Autofluorescence in Pathologic Myopia
Authors: Yuxin Fang, Tomoka Ishida, Ran Du, Shiqi Xie, Tae Igarashi-Yokoi, Takeshi Yoshida, Takashi Watanabe, Yuka Onishi, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui
Journal: Ophthalmology (2020)
Once, Twice, Three Times a Finding: Reproducibility of Dendritic Cell Vaccine Trials Targeting Cytomegalovirus in Glioblastoma
Authors: Kristen A. Batich, Duane A. Mitchell, Patrick Healy, James E. Herndon, John H. Sampson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Despite standard of care for glioblastoma, including gross total resection, high-dose radiation, and dose-limited chemotherapy, this tumor remains one of the most aggressive and therapeutically challenging. The relatively small number of patients with this diagnosis compared with more common solid tumors in clinical trials commits new glioblastoma therapies to testing in small, underpowered, nonrandomized settings. Among approximately 200 registered glioblastoma trials identified between 2005 and 2015, nearly half were single-arm studies with sample sizes not exceeding 50 patients. These constraints have made demonstrating efficacy for novel therapies difficult in glioblastoma and other rare and aggressive cancers. Novel immunotherapies for glioblastoma such as vaccination with dendritic cells (DC) have yielded mixed results in clinical trials. To address limited numbers, we sequentially conducted three separate clinical trials utilizing cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific DC vaccines in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma whereby each follow-up study had nearly doubled in sample size. Follow-up data from the first blinded, randomized phase II clinical trial (NCT00639639) revealed that nearly one third of this cohort is without tumor recurrence at 5 years from diagnosis. A second clinical trial (NCT00639639) resulted in a 36% survival rate at 5 years from diagnosis. Results of the first two-arm trial (NCT00639639) showed increased migration of the DC vaccine to draining lymph nodes, and this increased migration has been recapitulated in our larger confirmatory clinical study (NCT02366728). We have now observed that nearly one third of the glioblastoma study patient population receiving CMV-specific DC vaccines results in exceptional long-term survivors.
COVID‐19 in Patients With Inflammatory Arthritis: A Prospective Study on the Effects of Comorbidities and Disease‐Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs on Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Rebecca H. Haberman, Rochelle Castillo, Alan Chen, Di Yan, Deborah Ramirez, Vaish Sekar, Robert Lesser, Gary Solomon, Andrea L. Neimann, Rebecca B. Blank, Peter Izmirly, Dan E. Webster, Alexis Ogdie, Andrea B. Troxel, Samrachana Adhikari, Jose U. Scher
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2020)

Objective To characterize the hospitalization and death rates among patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA) affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to analyze the associations of comorbidities and immunomodulatory medications with infection outcomes. Methods Data on clinical and demographic features, maintenance treatment, disease course, and outcomes in individuals with IA (rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis) with symptomatic COVID-19 infection were prospectively assessed via web-based questionnaire followed by individual phone calls and electronic medical record review. Baseline characteristics and medication use were summarized for hospitalized and ambulatory patients, and outcomes with the different medication classes were compared using multivariable logistic regression. Results A total of 103 patients with IA were included in the study (80 with confirmed COVID-19 and 23 with high suspicion of COVID-19). Hospitalization was required in 26% of the participants, and 4% died. Patients who were hospitalized were significantly more likely to be older (P < 0.001) and have comorbid hypertension (P = 0.001) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (P = 0.02). IA patients taking oral glucocorticoids had an increased likelihood of being admitted for COVID-19 (P < 0.001), while those receiving maintenance anticytokine biologic therapies did not. Conclusion Among patients with underlying IA, COVID-19 outcomes were worse in those receiving glucocorticoids but not in patients receiving maintenance anticytokine therapy. Further work is needed to understand whether immunomodulatory therapies affect COVID-19 incidence.
Surgeon who was suspended for performing wrong knee surgery can practise again
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2020)

A consultant orthopaedic surgeon may return to unrestricted practice after being suspended for 12 months for dishonesty over unnecessary revision surgery he performed partly to cover up his own earlier surgical error.

At a medical practitioners tribunal review hearing Alan Norrish won the right to resume work despite opposition from General Medical Council (GMC) lawyers who argued that his fitness to practise was still impaired.

At his original hearing last summer the GMC had argued for Norrish to be struck …
Joint AAD–NPF Guidelines of care for the management and treatment of psoriasis with topical therapy and alternative medicine modalities for psoriasis severity measures
Authors: Craig A. Elmets, Neil J. Korman, Elizabeth Farley Prater, Emily B. Wong, Reena N. Rupani, Dario Kivelevitch, April W. Armstrong, Cody Connor, Kelly M. Cordoro, Dawn M.R. Davis, Boni E. Elewski, Joel M. Gelfand, Kenneth B. Gordon, Alice B. Gottlieb, Daniel H. Kaplan, Arthur Kavanaugh, Matthew Kiselica, Daniela Kroshinsky, Mark Lebwohl, Craig L. Leonardi, Jason Lichten, Henry W. Lim, Nehal N. Mehta, Amy S. Paller, Sylvia L. Parra, Arun L. Pathy, Michael Siegel, Benjamin Stoff, Bruce Strober, Jashin J. Wu, Vidhya Hariharan, Alan Menter
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Disarming the Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Authors: H. Cody Meissner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes predictable, annual outbreaks of respiratory tract disease in temperate as well as tropical climates around the globe. Infants in the first 6 months of life are particularly vulnerable.1 Natural infection does not result in sustained immunity, and reinfections are common. RSV is a single-strand, negative-sense, enveloped virus containing an RNA genome that encodes for 11 viral proteins. Three structural proteins populate the viral surface envelope — the attachment (G) protein, the fusion (F) protein, and a small hydrophobic protein. F and G proteins play critical roles in infectivity and pathogenesis. The G protein binds to . . .
Computer-based patient education is non-inferior to nurse counselling prior to colonoscopy: a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Govert Veldhuijzen, Michael Klemt-Kropp, Jochim S. Terhaar sive Droste, Bas van Balkom, Aura A. J. van Esch, Joost P. H. Drenth
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Abstract Background Optimal patient education prior to colonoscopy improves adherence to instructions for bowel preparation and leads to cleaner colons. We developed computer-based education (CBE) supported by video and 3 D animations. We hypothesized that CBE could replace nurse counselling without loss of bowel preparation quality during colonoscopy. Methods We conducted a prospective, multicenter, endoscopist-blinded, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial. The primary outcome was adequate bowel preparation, evaluated using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS). Secondary outcome measures were: sickness absence for outpatient clinic visits; patient anxiety/satisfaction scores; and information recall. We included patients in four endoscopy units (rural, urban, and tertiary). Results We screened 1035 eligible patients and randomized 845. After evaluation, 684 were included in the intention-to-treat (ITT) group. Subsequently, 497 patients were included in the per-protocol analysis, 217 in the nurse counselling and 280 in the CBE group. Baseline characteristics were similarly distributed among the groups. On per-protocol analysis, adequate bowel cleansing was achieved in 93.2 % (261/280) of CBE patients, which was non-inferior to nurse-counselled patients (94.0 %; 204/217), with a difference of −0.8 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] −5.1 % to 3.5 %). Non-inferiority was confirmed in the ITT population. Sickness absence was significantly more frequent in nurse-counselled patients (28.0 % vs. 4.8 %). In CBE patients, 21.5 % needed additional information, with 3.0 % needing an extra outpatient visit. Conclusion CBE is non-inferior to nurse counselling in terms of bowel preparation during colonoscopy, with lower patient sickness leave. CBE may serve as an efficient educational tool to inform patients before colonoscopy in routine clinical practice.
Safety and efficacy of neurostimulation with a miniaturised vagus nerve stimulation device in patients with multidrug-refractory rheumatoid arthritis: a two-stage multicentre, randomised pilot study
Authors: Mark C Genovese, Norman B Gaylis, David Sikes, Alan Kivitz, Diane Lewis Horowitz, Charles Peterfy, Emmett V Glass, Yaakov A Levine, David Chernoff
Journal: The Lancet Rheumatology (2020)
Epidemiology, clinical picture and long‐term outcomes of<i>FIP1L1‐PDGFRA</i>‐positive myeloid neoplasm with eosinophilia: Data from 151 patients
Authors: Julien Rohmer, Amélie Couteau‐Chardon, Julie Trichereau, Kewin Panel, Cyrielle Gesquiere, Raouf Ben Abdelali, Audrey Bidet, Jean‐Sébastien Bladé, Jean‐Michel Cayuela, Pascale Cony‐Makhoul, Vincent Cottin, Eric Delabesse, Mikaël Ebbo, Olivier Fain, Pascale Flandrin, Lionel Galicier, Catherine Godon, Nathalie Grardel, Aurélien Guffroy, Mohamed Hamidou, Mathilde Hunault, Etienne Lengline, Faustine Lhomme, Ludovic Lhermitte, Irène Machelart, Laurent Mauvieux, Catherine Mohr, Marie‐Joelle Mozicconacci, Dina Naguib, Franck E. Nicolini, Jerome Rey, Philippe Rousselot, Suzanne Tavitian, Louis Terriou, Guillaume Lefèvre, Claude Preudhomme, Jean‐Emmanuel Kahn, Matthieu Groh
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2020)

Abstract FIP1L1‐PDGFRA‐positive myeloid neoplasm with eosinophilia (F/P+ MN‐eo) is a rare disease: robust epidemiological data are lacking and reported issues are scarce, of low sample‐size and limited follow‐up. Imatinib mesylate (IM) is highly efficient but no predictive factor of relapse after discontinuation has yet been identified. One hundred and fifty‐one patients with F/P+ MN‐eo (143 males; mean age at diagnosis 49 years; mean annual incidence: 0.18 case per million population) were included in this retrospective nationwide study involving all French laboratories who perform the search of F/P fusion gene (study period: 2003‐2019). The main organs involved included the spleen (44%), skin (32%), lungs (30%), heart (19%) and central nervous system (9%). Serum vitamin B12 and tryptase levels were elevated in 74/79 (94%) and 45/57 (79%) patients, respectively, and none of the 31 patients initially treated with corticosteroids achieved complete hematologic remission. All 148 (98%) IM‐treated patients achieved complete hematologic and molecular (when tested, n = 84) responses. Forty‐six patients eventually discontinued IM, among whom 20 (57%) relapsed. In multivariate analysis, time to IM initiation (continuous HR: 1,01 [0.99‐1,03]; P = .05) and duration of IM treatment (continuous HR: 0,97 [0,95‐0,99]; P = .004) were independent factors of relapse after discontinuation of IM. After a mean follow‐up of 80 (56) months, the 1, 5‐ and 10‐year overall survival rates in IM‐treated patients were 99%, 95% and 84% respectively. In F/P+ MN‐eo, prompt initiation of IM and longer treatment durations may prevent relapses after discontinuation of IM.
Reframing the Wilderness Concept can Bolster Collaborative Conservation
Authors: Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares, Julien Terraube, Michael C. Gavin, Aili Pyhälä, Sacha M.O. Siani, Mar Cabeza, Eduardo S. Brondizio
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2020)

Indigenous territories represent ~45% of land categorized as wilderness in the Amazon, but account for <15% of all forest loss on this land. At a time when the Amazon faces unprecedented pressures, overcoming polarization and aligning the goals of wilderness defenders and Indigenous peoples is paramount, to avoid environmental degradation.
Publisher Correction: Revisiting the gut–joint axis: links between gut inflammation and spondyloarthritis
Authors: Eric Gracey, Lars Vereecke, Dermot McGovern, Mareike Fröhling, Georg Schett, Silvio Danese, Martine De Vos, Filip Van den Bosch, Dirk Elewaut
Journal: Nature Reviews Rheumatology (2020)
Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia
Authors: Crystal Aguh, Amy McMichael
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

Characteristics and Affected PatientsCentral centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) is a disease characterized by permanent hair loss in the crown region of the scalp, inflammation, and scarring.It occurs almost exclusively in black women aged 30 to 55 years.It is estimated that CCCA may affect up to 15% of black women, but the precise number of individuals affected in the general population is unknown. Causes
Training of Male and Female Surgical Residents
Authors: Rebecca Sorber, M. Libby Weaver, Lillian L. Tsai
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

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Quantifying the Impact of Axillary Surgery and Nodal Irradiation on Breast Cancer–Related Lymphedema and Local Tumor Control: Long-Term Results From a Prospective Screening Trial
Authors: George E. Naoum, Sacha Roberts, Cheryl L. Brunelle, Amy M. Shui, Laura Salama, Kayla Daniell, Tessa Gillespie, Loryn Bucci, Barbara L. Smith, Alice Y. Ho, Alphonse G. Taghian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

To independently evaluate the impact of axillary surgery type and regional lymph node radiation (RLNR) on breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) rates in patients with breast cancer.From 2005 to 2018, 1,815 patients with invasive breast cancer were enrolled in a lymphedema screening trial. Patients were divided into the following 4 groups according to axillary surgery approach: sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) alone, SLNB+RLNR, axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) alone, and ALND+RLNR. A perometer was used to objectively assess limb volume. All patients received baseline preoperative and follow-up measurements after treatment. Lymphedema was defined as a ≥ 10% relative increase in arm volume arising > 3 months postoperatively. The primary end point was the BCRL rate across the groups. Secondary end points were 5-year locoregional control and disease-free-survival.The cohort included 1,340 patients with SLNB alone, 121 with SLNB+RLNR, 91 with ALND alone, and 263 with ALND+RLNR. The overall median follow-up time after diagnosis was 52.7 months for the entire cohort. The 5-year cumulative incidence rates of BCRL were 30.1%, 24.9%, 10.7%, and 8.0% for ALND+RLNR, ALND alone, SLNB+RLNR, and SLNB alone, respectively. Multivariable Cox models adjusted for age, body mass index, surgery, and reconstruction type showed that the ALND-alone group had a significantly higher BCRL risk (hazard ratio [HR], 2.66; P = .02) compared with the SLNB+RLNR group. There was no significant difference in BCRL risk between the ALND+RLNR and ALND-alone groups (HR, 1.20; P = .49) and between the SLNB-alone and SLNB+RLNR groups (HR, 1.33; P = .44). The 5-year locoregional control rates were similar for the ALND+RLNR, ALND-alone, SLNB+RLNR, and SLNB-alone groups (2.8%, 3.8%, 0%, and 2.3%, respectively).Although RLNR adds to the risk of lymphedema, the main risk factor is the type of axillary surgery used.
Incidental Finding on 11C-Choline-PET/CT of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence in a Prostate Cancer Patient With Negative Abdominal CT Scan
Authors: Priscilla Guglielmo, Nicola Pisu, Silvia Sanna, Bi Llie Joy Pung, Michele Boero
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract A 76-year-old man, who experienced prostate cancer biochemical relapse after 12 years from radical prostatectomy, underwent abdominal CT scan for restaging purposes, negative for metastases, and then 11 C-choline PET/CT. The only finding was an area of focal uptake of radiotracer between the intestinal loops and the abdominal wall; after resection, the lesion demonstrated to be a metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for which the patient had undergone liver resection 2 years earlier. This case proves that abnormal foci of 11 C-choline uptake in the peritoneum in HCC patients have to be kept in mind as possible sites of HCC-metastases.