tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Magnetoelectric Materials for Miniature, Wireless Neural Stimulation at Therapeutic Frequencies
Authors: Amanda Singer, Shayok Dutta, Eric Lewis, Ziying Chen, Joshua C. Chen, Nishant Verma, Benjamin Avants, Ariel K. Feldman, John O’Malley, Michael Beierlein, Caleb Kemere, Jacob T. Robinson
Journal: Neuron (2020)
AB0044 ESTABLISHED RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS HAVE INCREASED FREQUENCIES OF FOLLICULAR REGULATORY T CELLS IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD
Authors: C. Tomé, S. C. Barreira, P. Martins, A. Valido, R. Barros, J. Polido-Pereira, L. Graca, J. E. Fonseca, R. A. Moura
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Several studies have demonstrated that an immune dysregulation affecting both B and T cells occurs in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are crucial for B cell maturation, activation and class-switching as well as for germinal center (GC) formation, whereas follicular regulatory T (Tfr) cells can modulate the GC reaction by suppressing Tfh and B cells. Objectives: The main goal of this study was to analyze the phenotype and frequency of circulating follicular T cell subsets in established RA patients. Methods: Blood samples were collected from established RA patients with active disease, treated with methotrexate (n=32) and from a group of age and sex-matched healthy donors (n=11). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated and Tfh (CD4+CXCR5+CD45RO+) and Tfr (CD4+ CXCR5+CD25+FoxP3+) cells, as well as their three major subsets [CXCR3+CCR6- (Th1-like), CXCR3-CCR6- (Th2-like) and CXCR3-CCR6+ (Th17-like)] were evaluated by flow cytometry. Results: The frequency of circulating Tfh cells was similar between established RA patients and controls. Nonetheless, RA patients had a decreased frequency of Th1-like Tfh cells, and an increased frequency of Th2-like Tfh cells when compared to controls. No significant differences were observed in the frequencies of Th17-like Tfh cells between both groups. The frequency of circulating Tfr cells was significantly increased in RA patients in comparison to controls. Furthermore, Tfr cells from RA patients had significantly increased CD69 median fluorescence intensity (MFI) values when compared to controls. No significant differences were found in the percentages and MFI values of PD-1, ICOS, CD28, CTLA-4, CD40-L and HLA-DR expressed by Tfh and Tfr cells in RA patients when compared to controls. Conclusion: Established RA patients have increased circulating frequencies of Tfr cells, with higher CD69 expression levels, when compared to healthy controls. These results suggest a pre-activation state of Tfr cells in RA and a potential role in the disease physiopathology. *RA Moura, JE Fonseca and L Graca are joint senior authors. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Utility of plasma Neurofilament light as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of the postural instability gait disorder motor subtype in early Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Adeline Su Lyn Ng, Yi Jayne Tan, Alisa Cui Wen Yong, Seyed Ehsan Saffari, Zhonghao Lu, Ebonne Yulin Ng, Samuel Yong Ern Ng, Nicole Shuang Yu Chia, Xinyi Choi, Dede Heng, Shermyn Neo, Zheyu Xu, Nicole Chwee Har Keong, Kay Yaw Tay, Wing Lok Au, Louis Chew Seng Tan, Eng-King Tan
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2020)

Abstract Background The main motor subtypes of Parkinson’s disease (PD) include tremor-dominant (TD) and postural instability gait disorder (PIGD), with varying disease course that warrant the development of biomarkers capable of predicting progression according to motor subtype. The PIGD subtype is associated with a poorer prognosis, hence identification of a biomarker associated with PIGD is clinically relevant. Neurofilament light (NfL) chain is a potential biomarker of disease severity in neurological disorders including PD. However, no study has investigated NfL and PD motor subtypes. Here, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of plasma NfL for PD motor subtypes in early Parkinson’s disease. Given the higher risk for cognitive and motor decline in PIGD, we hypothesized that plasma NfL is a potential biomarker for PIGD. Methods Plasma NfL was measured in 199 participants (149 PD and 50 healthy controls, HC) using an ultrasensitive single molecule array. Patients were classified into TD or PIGD based on MDS-UPDRS components. After 2 years, 115 patients were reassessed. Association between NfL and clinical measures in PIGD and TD at baseline and at 2-year follow-up were analysed. Results At baseline, plasma NfL levels were higher in PD than HC (8.8 ± 3.4 vs 16.2 ± 7.6 pg/ml, p &lt; 0.0001), and differentiated PD from HC with a good diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.833, p &lt; 0.001). At 2 years, NfL was higher in PIGD than TD (18.4 ± 14.5 vs 12.6 ± 4.4 pg/ml, p = 0.039). Within the PIGD group, higher NfL associated significantly with worse global cognition and UPDRS motor scores at baseline, and was able to predict motor and cognitive decline at a mean follow-up duration of 1.9 years, controlled for age, sex and disease duration. Conclusions In this longitudinal study, we demonstrated for the first time the potential utility of plasma NfL as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in PIGD even at early stages of PD. These important novel findings will require further confirmation in larger, longitudinal PD cohorts.
Abstract 19928: Extracellular Vesicles Secreted From Human Fibroblasts Modulate Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell- Cardiomyocyte Calcium Cycling
Authors: Brian X Wang, Liam Couch, Kenneth T MacLeod, Sian E Harding, Cesare M Terracciano
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: In disease and in ageing, cardiac fibrosis and impairment of calcium cycling mechanisms causes contractile dysfunction, ultimately leading to heart failure. Cardiac fibroblasts, which...
Covid-19: democracy and hard choices in public health
Authors: David Bell
Journal: BMJ (2020)

As covid-19 mortality grows, the global effects of “lockdown”—from mass unemployment to threatened famine—become increasingly stark.1 The phrase “but it has to be done” is threatening decades of norms on human rights by focusing whole countries, the world, on one problem and one outcome.

Dispassionate discussion of covid-19 is difficult, but we owe the public the right to information provided calmly, honestly, and with context. Data indicate that covid-19 mortality is well below 0.5%,2 probably far lower,3 and …
Reduction of Liver Metastasis Stiffness Improves Response to Bevacizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ying Shen, Xiaohong Wang, Junyan Lu, Martin Salfenmoser, Naita Maren Wirsik, Nikolai Schleussner, Andrea Imle, Aida Freire Valls, Praveen Radhakrishnan, Jie Liang, Guoliang Wang, Thomas Muley, Martin Schneider, Carmen Ruiz de Almodovar, Alba Diz-Muñoz, Thomas Schmidt
Journal: Cancer Cell (2020)
TREatment of ATopic eczema (TREAT) Registry Taskforce: method for comparing the safety of dupilumab with other systemic therapies for moderate‐to‐severe eczema
Authors: A.L. Bosma, P.I. Spuls, I. Garcia‐Doval, L. Naldi, D. Prieto‐Merino, F. Tesch, C.J. Apfelbacher, B.W.M. Arents, S. Barbarot, E. Baselga, M. Deleuran, L.F. Eichenfield, L.A.A. Gerbens, A.D. Irvine, A. Manca, P. Mendes‐Bastos, M.A. Middelkamp‐Hup, A. Roberts, J. Seneschal, Å. Svensson, J.P. Thyssen, T. Torres, F.M. Vermeulen, C. Vestergaard, L.B. Kobyletzki, D. Wall, S. Weidinger, J. Schmitt, C. Flohr
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Atopic eczema (also called ‘atopic dermatitis’ or just ‘eczema’) is a common skin disease. Most people with atopic eczema can control their eczema with topical therapies (applied directly to the skin) such as emollients and topical corticosteroids. Some people, however, have moderate‐to‐severe disease that cannot be well managed with those therapies. Systemic therapy (acting on the whole body), with tablets or injections, is needed in these people to improve their symptoms effectively. Dupilumab is a new systemic medication (since 2018) for treating people with moderate‐to‐severe eczema. It has been approved both in the U.S.A. and the E.U. for people who are 12 years or older. In order to compare the safety of dupilumab with other systemic therapies, researchers need data on the safety of all those medications in real practice. The registries of the TREAT Registry Taskforce collect data on both the effectiveness and safety of all systemic therapies for atopic eczema. Countries such as the U.K., Ireland, the U.S.A., Germany, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, France, Italy, Spain and Portugal are participating in TREAT. All those countries collect data the same way, so that the data are comparable. This article describes a protocol on how to use all these international data to compare the safety of dupilumab with other systemic treatments. This is important both for physicians and patients, to allow them to make informed decisions on which treatment is best for them. This is a summary of the study: TREatment of ATopic eczema (TREAT) Registry Taskforce: protocol for a European safety study of dupilumab and other systemic therapies in patients with atopic eczema
Helen Salisbury: Just say sorry
Authors: Helen Salisbury
Journal: BMJ (2020)

We’re all human, and we all make mistakes. It’s said that traditional Persian weavers introduced deliberate errors into their work, believing that it was blasphemous to strive for perfection, which was solely a property of the divine.

Doctors’ errors are not deliberate, but they happen. We spend time helping students and trainees to find the courage and the right words to say to patients, “I’m sorry, I made a mistake” and to work with them to salvage the situation. We build systems with multiple checks so that, if one individual makes an error, someone else on the team …
Higher Activation of the Rostromedial Prefrontal Cortex During Mental Stress Predicts Major Cardiovascular Disease Events in Individuals With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Kasra Moazzami, Matthew T. Wittbrodt, Bruno B. Lima, Jonathon A. Nye, Puja K. Mehta, Brad D. Pearce, Zakaria Almuwaqqat, Muhammad Hammadah, Oleksiy Levantsevych, Yan V. Sun, Paolo Raggi, Ernest V. Garcia, Margarethe Goetz, Arshed A. Quyyumi, J. Douglas Bremner, Viola Vaccarino, Amit J. Shah
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: Psychological stress is a risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in individuals with coronary artery disease. Certain brain regions that control both emotional states and cardiac physiology may be involved in this relationship. The rostromedial prefrontal cortex (rmPFC) is an important brain region that processes stress and regulates immune and autonomic functions. Changes in rmPFC activity with emotional stress (reactivity) may be informative of future risk for MACE. Methods: Participants with stable coronary artery disease underwent acute mental stress testing using a series of standardized speech/arithmetic stressors and simultaneous brain imaging with high-resolution positron emission tomography brain imaging. We defined high rmPFC activation as a difference between stress and control scans greater than the median value for the entire cohort. Interleukin-6 levels 90 minutes after stress, and high-frequency heart rate variability during stress were also assessed. We defined MACE as a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina with revascularization, and heart failure hospitalization. Results: We studied 148 subjects (69% male) with mean±SD age of 62±8 years. After adjustment for baseline demographics, risk factors, and baseline levels of interleukin-6 and high-frequency heart rate variability, higher rmPFC stress reactivity was independently associated with higher interleukin-6 and lower high-frequency heart rate variability with stress. During a median follow-up of 3 years, 34 subjects (21.3%) experienced a MACE. Each increase of 1 SD in rmPFC activation with mental stress was associated with a 21% increase risk of MACE (hazard ratio, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.08–1.37]). Stress-induced interleukin-6 and high-frequency heart rate variability explained 15.5% and 32.5% of the relationship between rmPFC reactivity and MACE, respectively. Addition of rmPFC reactivity to conventional risk factors improved risk reclassification for MACE prediction, and C-statistic improved from 0.71 to 0.76 ( P =0.03). Conclusions: Greater rmPFC stress reactivity is associated with incident MACE. Immune and autonomic responses to mental stress may play a contributory role.
Biomarker Testing in Lung Cancer—What Does It Mean?
Authors: Hossein Borghaei, Martin J. Edelman
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Michael S. Leapman, MD; Carolyn J. Presley, MD, MHS; Weiwei Zhu, MPH; Pamela R. Soulos, MPH; Kerin B. Adelson, MD; Rebecca A. Miksad, MD, MPH; Daniel J. Boffa, MD; Cary P. Gross, MD
Uptake Within Achilles Tendon on Posttherapy Radioiodine Whole-Body Scan Related to Gouty Tophus
Authors: Mark Ehrhart, Mark Tulchinsky, Lisa C. Blacklock, Saeed Elojeimy
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract A 66-year-old man with history of papillary thyroid cancer status post total thyroidectomy underwent 131 I-radioiodine ablation. Posttherapy 131 I whole-body scan revealed unexpected activity within the left posterior ankle. SPECT/CT localized the radioiodine uptake to a gouty tophus in the Achilles tendon.
Hyperprogressive Disease After Treatment With Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Rafael Santana-Davila
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Phagocyte-membrane-coated and laser-responsive nanoparticles control primary and metastatic cancer by inducing anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Chuan Hu, Ting Lei, Yazhen Wang, Jun Cao, Xiaotong Yang, Lin Qin, Rui Liu, Yang Zhou, Fan Tong, Channakeshava Sokke Umeshappa, Huile Gao
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
Temperature, Humidity, and Latitude Analysis to Estimate Potential Spread and Seasonality of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Mohammad M. Sajadi, Parham Habibzadeh, Augustin Vintzileos, Shervin Shokouhi, Fernando Miralles-Wilhelm, Anthony Amoroso
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has resulted in a global crisis. Investigating the potential association of climate and seasonality with the spread of this infection could aid in preventive and surveillance strategies. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the association of climate with the spread of COVID-19 infection. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cohort study examined climate data from 50 cities worldwide with and without substantial community spread of COVID-19. Eight cities with substantial spread of COVID-19 (Wuhan, China; Tokyo, Japan; Daegu, South Korea; Qom, Iran; Milan, Italy; Paris, France; Seattle, US; and Madrid, Spain) were compared with 42 cities that have not been affected or did not have substantial community spread. Data were collected from January to March 10, 2020. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Substantial community transmission was defined as at least 10 reported deaths in a country as of March 10, 2020. Climate data (latitude, mean 2-m temperature, mean specific humidity, and mean relative humidity) were obtained from ERA-5 reanalysis. <h3>Results</h3> The 8 cities with substantial community spread as of March 10, 2020, were located on a narrow band, roughly on the 30° N to 50° N corridor. They had consistently similar weather patterns, consisting of mean temperatures of between 5 and 11 °C, combined with low specific humidity (3-6 g/kg) and low absolute humidity (4-7 g/m<sup>3</sup>). There was a lack of substantial community establishment in expected locations based on proximity. For example, while Wuhan, China (30.8° N) had 3136 deaths and 80 757 cases, Moscow, Russia (56.0° N), had 0 deaths and 10 cases and Hanoi, Vietnam (21.2° N), had 0 deaths and 31 cases. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this study, the distribution of substantial community outbreaks of COVID-19 along restricted latitude, temperature, and humidity measurements was consistent with the behavior of a seasonal respiratory virus. Using weather modeling, it may be possible to estimate the regions most likely to be at a higher risk of substantial community spread of COVID-19 in the upcoming weeks, allowing for concentration of public health efforts on surveillance and containment.
Quality of life in patients with cervical cancer after open versus minimally invasive radical hysterectomy (LACC): a secondary outcome of a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Michael Frumovitz, Andreas Obermair, Robert L Coleman, Rene Pareja, Aldo Lopez, Reitan Ribero, David Isla, Gabriel Rendon, Marcus Q Bernardini, Alessandro Buda, Renato Moretti-Marquez, Albert Zevallos, Marcelo A Vieira, Tao Zhu, Russell P Land, James Nicklin, Rebecca Asher, Kristy P Robledo, Val Gebski, Pedro T Ramirez
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2020)
AB0234 ASSOCIATION OF HOMOCYSTEINE LEVEL AND CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: D. Anghel, L. Otlocan, R. Bursuc, E. Busuioc, A. Manolache, F. C. Plesa, V. Smedescu, M. M. Negru, C. Jurcuț
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Homocysteine (Hcy) has been implicated in atherogenesis. High homocysteine level can predict cardiovascular events, including death. Atherosclerosis has a high incidence in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between serum homocysteine levels and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with RA and anti-TNF therapy. Methods: Our study included 80 RA patients divided into two groups: 45 patients were with anti-TNF-alpha therapy (Adalimumab, Infliximab, Etanercept) and 35 RA patients with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). The patients were diagnosed with RA used ACR/EULAR 2010 Classification Criteria. We measured carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) using high-resolution Doppler ultrasonography at baseline and then at 12 months. CIMT above 0.9 mm is an atherosclerosis marker. We considered high levels of homocysteine in the serum above 15 µmol/L. All patients had treatment with hypolipemiant drugs and antiplatelet agents during the 12 months. Other parameters were analyzed at baseline and after 12 months: age, lipid profile (HDL, LDL, and cholesterol), ESR and disease activity score (DAS28&lt;2.6 means remission; DAS28=2.6-3.2 means low disease activity, DAS28=3.2-5.1 means moderate disease activity; DAS28 &gt; 5.1 high disease activity). Results: 45 patients received anti-TNF-alpha therapy (mean age 45.50±9.69 years) and 35 RA patients had treatment with DMARDs (mean age 48.3±8.9 years). High Hcy levels were found on 34% patients in DMARDs group and 21% patients in anti-TNF group. After 12 months of treatment, patients with high levels of Hcy and anti-TNF therapy had a significant decrease in CIMT. In patients with low Hcy level the decrease in CIMT was insignificantly statistic. In DMARDs group atherosclerotic plaque was detected to 26 patients (74.29%) and 21 (46.66%) patients were detected into anti-TNF group. After 12 months CIMT was significantly higher in DMARDs group and the difference was statistically significant compared to baseline and to anti-TNF group (p=0.0002). High DAS28 score was associated with increased CIMT and hyperhomocysteinemia in both groups (p=0.0001). Conclusion: Increased Hcy levels were associated with increased CIMT values in both groups. In RA patients with anti-TNF therapy and high Hcy levels, reduction of CIMT was statistically higher than in patients with DMARDs treatment. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Incisional Negative Pressure Wound Therapy After Surgery for Major Trauma–Related Fractures—Reply
Authors: Matthew L. Costa
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
p300-Mediated Acetylation of Histone Demethylase JMJD1A Prevents Its Degradation by Ubiquitin Ligase STUB1 and Enhances Its Activity in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Songhui Xu, Lingling Fan, Hee-Young Jeon, Fengbo Zhang, Xiaolu Cui, McKayla B. Mickle, Guihong Peng, Arif Hussain, Ladan Fazli, Martin E. Gleave, Xuesen Dong, Jianfei Qi
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

The androgen receptor (AR) pathway plays a central role in the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The histone demethylase JMJD1A has been shown to regulate activities of AR and c-Myc transcription factors and promote prostate cancer progression. Here, we report that JMJD1A protein stability is controlled by the ubiquitin ligase STUB1. High levels of JMJD1A were strongly correlated with low STUB1 levels in human CRPC specimens. STUB1 inhibited AR activity, AR-V7 levels, and prostate cancer cell growth partly through degradation of JMJD1A. Furthermore, the acetyltransferase p300 acetylated JMJD1A at lysine (K) 421, a modification that recruits the BET family member BRD4 to block JMJD1A degradation and promote JMJD1A recruitment to AR targets. Increased levels of both total and K421-acetylated JMJD1A were observed in prostate cancer cells as they developed resistance to the AR antagonist enzalutamide. Treatment of prostate cancer cells with either p300 or BET inhibitors destabilized JMJD1A, and enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cells were more sensitive than parental cells to these inhibitors. Together, our findings identify a critical role for acetylation of JMJD1A in regulating JMJD1A stability and AR activity in CRPC. These newly identified mechanisms controlling JMJD1A protein stability provide potential druggable targets to encourage the development of additional therapies for advanced prostate cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Identification of mechanisms regulating JMJD1A protein stability reveals new strategies to destabilize JMJD1A and concomitantly inhibit AR activities as potential prostate cancer therapy.