tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of Maternal History of Neonatal Death With Subsequent Neonatal Death in India
Authors: Mudit Kapoor, Rockli Kim, Tanushree Sahoo, Ambuj Roy, Shamika Ravi, A. K. Shiva Kumar, Ramesh Agarwal, S. V. Subramanian
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Among the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals is to reduce the neonatal mortality rate to 12 per 1000 live births by 2030. Identifying high-risk pregnancies can help achieve this target in low-resource countries, such as India, which accounts for one-fourth of global neonatal deaths.To analyze the association of maternal history of neonatal death with subsequent neonatal mortality.This cross-sectional study included a nationally representative sample of singleton live births from multiparous women. Data were obtained from the 2016 National Family Health Survey in India. Data were analyzed from November 2018 to January 2020.Maternal history of neonatal death and a comprehensive set of covariates, including socioeconomic environment, maternal anthropometry, and pregnancy care.Subsequent neonatal mortality. Population-attributable risk associated with history of neonatal death was calculated, and sensitivity analyses were performed.The overall study population consisted of 127 336 singleton live births from multiparous women aged 15 to 49 (mean [SD] age, 28.8 [5.2] years) years when the survey was undertaken. In our analytic sample, 11 101 (8.7%) mothers had a history of neonatal death, and 506 of 2224 total neonatal deaths (22.8%) were attributed to women with history of neonatal death. The prevalence of history of neonatal death differed by selected covariates and across states or union territories. Maternal history of neonatal death was associated with significantly higher odds of neonatal mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.96-2.55), and this remained consistent across different subgroups. The population-attributable risk associated with maternal history of neonatal death was 11.8%. Stronger associations were found for maternal history of multiple neonatal deaths (adjusted odds ratio, 3.50; 95% CI, 2.78-4.41) and in respect to the risk of mortality in early neonatal period (ie, 0-2 completed days) (adjusted odds ratio, 2.45; 95% CI, 2.09-2.86).These findings suggest that maternal history of neonatal death is a potentially useful risk factor to identify women and neonates who may need extended and enhanced pregnancy care.
In outpatients, low or moderate clinical pretest probability with probability-defined D-dimer cut points ruled out PE
Authors: Daniel R. Corson-Knowles, Benton R. Hunter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

ACP Journal Club21 April 2020In outpatients, low or moderate clinical pretest probability with probability-defined D-dimer cut points ruled out PEDaniel R. Corson-Knowles, MD, Benton R. Hunter, MDDaniel R. Corson-Knowles, MDIndiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA (D.R.C., B.R.H.)Search for more papers by this author, Benton R. Hunter, MDIndiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA (D.R.C., B.R.H.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJ202004210-047 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationKearon C, de Wit K, Parpia S, et al. Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism with D-dimer adjusted to clinical probability. N Engl J Med. 2019;381:2125-34. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31774957Clinical Impact RatingsEmergency Med: Hospitalists: References1 Kline JA, Garrett JS, Sarmiento EJ, Strachan CC, Courtney DM. Over-testing for suspected pulmonary embolism in American emergency departments: the continuing epidemic. Circ Cardiovas Qual Outcomes. 2020;13:e005753. [PMID: 31957477] Google Scholar2 van der Hulle T, Cheung WY, Kooij S, et al. Simplified diagnostic management of suspected pulmonary embolism (the YEARS study): a prospective, multicentre, cohort study. Lancet. 2017;390:289-97. [PMID: 28549662] Google Scholar3 Rolfe A, Burton C. Reassurance after diagnostic testing with a low pretest probability of serious disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Int Med. 2013;173:407-16. [PMID: 23440131] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA (D.R.C., B.R.H.)Disclosures: The commentators have disclosed no conflicts of interest. The forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M19-3041.This article was published at Annals.org on 7 April 2020. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 April 2020Volume 172, Issue 8Page: JC47KeywordsAngiographyAnticoagulantsCohort studiesComputed axial tomographyD-dimerOutpatientsPulmonary embolismPulmonary imagingSigns and symptomsThorax ePublished: 21 April 2020 Issue Published: 21 April 2020 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
<i>Notes from the Field: Brucella abortus</i> RB51 Infections Associated with Consumption of Raw Milk from Pennsylvania — 2017 and 2018
Authors: Joann F. Gruber, Alexandra Newman, Christina Egan, Colin Campbell, Kristin Garafalo, David R. Wolfgang, Andre Weltman, Kelly E. Kline, Sharon M. Watkins, Suelee Robbe-Austerman, Christine Quance, Tyler Thacker, Grishma Kharod, Maria E. Negron, Betsy Schroeder
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)
Trends in the Incidence and Lethality of Suicidal Acts in the United States, 2006 to 2015
Authors: Jing Wang, Steven A. Sumner, Thomas R. Simon, Alex E. Crosby, Francis B. Annor, Elizabeth Gaylor, Likang Xu, Kristin M. Holland
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2020)

Understanding changes in the incidence rates and lethality of suicidal acts may explain increasing suicide rates.To examine trends in the incidence rates and lethality of suicidal acts from 2006 to 2015 among persons aged 10 to 74 years.This cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2, 2018, to January 30, 2019. Medically treated nonfatal suicide attempts were identified from the 2006 to 2015 Nationwide Inpatient Sample and Nationwide Emergency Department Sample databases. Suicides were identified from the 2006 to 2015 mortality files of the National Vital Statistics System.The incidence rate of suicidal acts was calculated by dividing the number of total suicidal acts by the US population. Lethality was measured through the case fatality rates (CFRs) of suicidal acts by dividing the number of suicides by the total number of suicidal acts.A total of 1 222 419 (unweighted) suicidal acts, which included both suicides and nonfatal suicide attempts, were identified from 2006 to 2015. Overall, the incidence rates of total suicidal acts increased 10% from 2006 to 2015 (annual percentage change [APC], 0.8%; 95% CI, 0.3%-1.3%), and the CFRs of suicidal acts increased 13% during the 2006 to 2015 period (APC, 2.3%; 95% CI, 1.3%-3.3%). In subgroup analyses, incidence rates increased by 1.1% (95% CI, 0.6%-1.6%) per year for female individuals during the 2006 to 2015 period but remained stable for male individuals. The CFRs increased for both sexes (APC, 5.0% [95% CI, 3.1%-6.9%] since 2010 for female individuals; 1.6% [95% CI, 0.6%-2.5%] since 2009 for male individuals). Incidence rates increased among adolescents from 2011 to 2015 and among older adults aged 65 to 74 years throughout the 2006 to 2015 period. Conversely, the CFRs increased since 2009 among persons aged 20 to 44 years (APC, 3.7%; 95% CI, 2.5%-5.0%) and since 2012 for those aged 45 to 64 years (APC, 2.7%; 95% CI, 0.0%-5.4%). Persons aged 20 to 44 years and 45 to 64 years experienced increases in suicidal acts by more lethal means, whereas adolescents and older adults aged 65 to 74 years showed increased incidence by all means.This study found increased suicidal acts among female persons, adolescents, and older adults aged 65 to 74 years, implying the need to address emerging or exacerbating suicide risk factors for these populations. The findings on the increased lethality particularly among persons aged 20 to 64 years highlighted the need to reduce access to materials that could be used as lethal means among persons at risk of suicide. These findings on population-level epidemiologic patterns can be used to guide the development of comprehensive suicide prevention strategies.
Care and community reintegration of homeless people living with severe mental disorders: a community-based mental health programme in Maryland County, Liberia
Authors: Garmai Cyrus, Joseph Lusaka, Willis Yansine, Josiah Fannoh, Jesse Wilson, Sarah Coleman, Amruta Houde, Stephanie Smith, Giuseppe Raviola
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2020)

BackgroundThe psychological impact of more than a decade of civil conflict and the Ebola outbreak has contributed to a mental health crisis in Liberia that is intensified by misconceptions, stigma, and discrimination surrounding mental disorders. Liberia faces severe shortages of mental health professionals and supplies to address the disease burden, with less than 1% of Liberians having access to appropriate mental health services. The global prevalence of mental disorders is 10% and between 25% and 31·5% in the homeless population. Here, we describe a community-based mental health programme integrated into primary care in Harper and Pleebo districts in Maryland County, Liberia, adapted to meet the needs of homeless patients living with severe mental health disorders.MethodsIn 2016, Partners in Health Liberia (PIH Liberia) began engaging with community leaders such as town chiefs, religious leaders, and local government to provide information on mental health disorders and to understand the location of homeless patients in Maryland. Through continuous dialogue and engagement with local leaders, PIH Liberia began providing care to homeless patients with severe mental illness with community support. Supervised by psychiatric nurses, a community health worker (CHW) in each district performed daily follow-up with patients until clinical improvement was observed. During their visits, CHWs provided food and other social assistance, monitored side-effects of medication, observed medication administration, and ensured patients' personal hygiene. Once the condition of patients improved, CHWs helped patients reunite with their families, continued regular follow-up, and accompanied patients to the clinic as needed.FindingsBetween 2016 and 2018, 96 homeless patients with severe mental illness were enrolled in the community-based mental health programme. After 3 years of implementation, 84 patients (88%) were reintegrated into the community; the remaining 12 are still homeless and remain supported by CHWs. With PIH's support, 20 reintegrated patients opened small businesses, four returned to school, and four became peer supporters and community advocates to reduce stigma and discrimination of other people living with mental disorders. To ensure adequate social support, PIH Liberia provided monthly food rations for 20 patients and built two houses for patients.InterpretationHolistic community-based mental health programmes targeting homeless populations with both appropriate medical management and social support can significantly improve treatment outcomes and reintegration in the community.FundingPartners in Health
2型糖尿病患者のHypoglycemia Fear Survey Worry Subscale(低血糖に対する恐怖感調査不安サブスケール)における低血糖に対する恐怖感大のカットオフスコア設定に向けて | 文献情報 | J-GLOBAL 科学技術総合リンクセンター
Authors: R S Hajos Tibor, H Polonsky William, Pouwer Frans, Gonder-Frederick Linda, J Snoek Frank
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)
A framework for an evidence-based gene list relevant to autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Christian P. Schaaf, Catalina Betancur, Ryan K. C. Yuen, Jeremy R. Parr, David H. Skuse, Louise Gallagher, Raphael A. Bernier, Janet A. Buchanan, Joseph D. Buxbaum, Chun-An Chen, Kira A. Dies, Mayada Elsabbagh, Helen V. Firth, Thomas Frazier, Ny Hoang, Jennifer Howe, Christian R. Marshall, Jacques L. Michaud, Olivia Rennie, Peter Szatmari, Wendy K. Chung, Patrick F. Bolton, Edwin H. Cook, Stephen W. Scherer, Jacob A. S. Vorstman
Journal: Nature Reviews Genetics (2020)
Longitudinal Assessment of Cardiac Involvement in Fabry Disease Using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Ravi Vijapurapu, Shanat Baig, Sabrina Nordin, João B. Augusto, Anna M. Price, Nigel Wheeldon, Nigel Lewis, Rebecca Kozor, Dipak Kotecha, James Hodson, Derralynn A. Hughes, James C. Moon, Tarekegn Geberhiwot, Richard P. Steeds
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)

Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder resulting in accumulation of sphingolipids in the heart, which leads to progressive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), fibrosis, and premature death ([1][1]). Although previous studies have tracked changes in mass using echocardiography
Abstract 15725: Normal Limits of Variability of Spatial QRS-T Angle and Ventricular Gradient: Analysis of 20 Thorough-QT Studies
Authors: Lars Johannesen, Jose Vicente, Loriano Galeotti, Zak Loring, Jeffry A Florian, Christine E Garnett, Norman Stockbridge, David G Strauss
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Drug-induced prolongation of the heart-rate corrected QT interval (QTc) is commonly used as a marker of Torsade de Pointes risk of drugs, as evaluated in Thorough-QT (TQT) studies. Ho...
Symptom Screening at Illness Onset of Health Care Personnel With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in King County, Washington
Authors: Eric J. Chow, Noah G. Schwartz, Farrell A. Tobolowsky, Rachael L. T. Zacks, Melinda Huntington-Frazier, Sujan C. Reddy, Agam K. Rao
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Sean Wei Xiang Ong, MBBS; Yian Kim Tan, PhD; Po Ying Chia, MBBS; Tau Hong Lee, MBBS; Oon Tek Ng, MBBS, MPH; Michelle Su Yen Wong, PhD; Kalisvar Marimuthu, MBBS
Engineered three-dimensional scaffolds for enhanced bone regeneration in osteonecrosis
Authors: Tongtong Zhu, Yutao Cui, Mingran Zhang, Duoyi Zhao, Guangyao Liu, Jianxun Ding
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

Osteonecrosis, which is typically induced by trauma, glucocorticoid abuse, or alcoholism, is one of the most severe diseases in clinical orthopedics. Osteonecrosis often leads to joint destruction, and arthroplasty is eventually required. Enhancement of bone regeneration is a critical management strategy employed in osteonecrosis therapy. Bone tissue engineering based on engineered three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds with appropriate architecture and osteoconductive activity, alone or functionalized with bioactive factors, have been developed to enhance bone regeneration in osteonecrosis. In this review, we elaborate on the ideal properties of 3D scaffolds for enhanced bone regeneration in osteonecrosis, including biocompatibility, degradability, porosity, and mechanical performance. In addition, we summarize the development of 3D scaffolds alone or functionalized with bioactive factors for accelerating bone regeneration in osteonecrosis and discuss their prospects for translation to clinical practice.
Detection of Differential Mitotic Cell Ages in Bone Marrow CD34+ Cells Selected from Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Leukemia by Pyrosequencing Analysis of An Epigenetic Molecular Clock DNA Signature
Authors: Maximilian Mossner, Olaf Hopfer, Claudia D Baldus, Uwe Neumann, Anke Kmetsch, Ouidad Benlasfer, Eckhard Thiel, Wolf-Karsten Hofmann
Journal: Blood (2008)
Utility of laser-cut covered self-expandable metal stents for unresectable malignant distal biliary obstruction: a single-center experience
Authors: Saiko Marui, Norimitsu Uza, Hajime Yamazaki, Sakiko Ota, Takeharu Nakamura, Hiroyuki Yoshida, Hirokazu Okada, Tomonori Hirano, Takeshi Kuwada, Yuko Sogabe, Teruko Tomono, Tomoaki Matsumori, Toshihiro Morita, Yoshihiro Nishikawa, Motoyuki Tsuda, Takahisa Maruno, Masahiro Shiokawa, Yuzo Kodama, Hiroshi Seno
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Abstract Background Few reports have evaluated the effectiveness of laser-cut, covered, self-expandable metal stents (LC-CSEMS) for unresectable malignant distal biliary obstruction (MDBO) and whether reintervention is feasible after placement. We describe our experience with LC-CSEMS placement for unresectable MDBO. Methods Patients undergoing LC-CSEMS placement for unresectable MDBO from November 2014 to December 2018 were reviewed. Recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO), median time to RBO (TRBO), and reintervention were analyzed. Results 52 patients who underwent LC-CSEMS placement for unresectable MDBO were included in the analysis. The RBO rate was 15 % and the median TRBO was 445 days. Reintervention was attempted in nine patients and stent removal was successful in eight patients. Conclusions Our experience suggests the effectiveness of LC-CSEMS in patients with unresectable MDBO in terms of stent patency and feasibility of reintervention.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a scoping review
Authors: Meng Lv, Xufei Luo, Janne Estill, Yunlan Liu, Mengjuan Ren, Jianjian Wang, Qi Wang, Siya Zhao, Xiaohui Wang, Shu Yang, Xixi Feng, Weiguo Li, Enmei Liu, Xianzhuo Zhang, Ling Wang, Qi Zhou, Wenbo Meng, Xiaolong Qi, Yangqin Xun, Xuan Yu, Yaolong Chen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2020)

Background In December 2019, a pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China and has rapidly spread around the world since then. Aim This study aims to understand the research gaps related to COVID-19 and propose recommendations for future research. Methods We undertook a scoping review of COVID-19, comprehensively searching databases and other sources to identify literature on COVID-19 between 1 December 2019 and 6 February 2020. We analysed the sources, publication date, type and topic of the retrieved articles/studies. Results We included 249 articles in this scoping review. More than half (59.0%) were conducted in China. Guidance/guidelines and consensuses statements (n = 56; 22.5%) were the most common. Most (n = 192; 77.1%) articles were published in peer-reviewed journals, 35 (14.1%) on preprint servers and 22 (8.8%) posted online. Ten genetic studies (4.0%) focused on the origin of SARS-CoV-2 while the topics of molecular studies varied. Nine of 22 epidemiological studies focused on estimating the basic reproduction number of COVID-19 infection (R 0 ). Of all identified guidance/guidelines (n = 35), only ten fulfilled the strict principles of evidence-based practice. The number of articles published per day increased rapidly until the end of January. Conclusion The number of articles on COVID-19 steadily increased before 6 February 2020. However, they lack diversity and are almost non-existent in some study fields, such as clinical research. The findings suggest that evidence for the development of clinical practice guidelines and public health policies will be improved when more results from clinical research becomes available.
Annals Consult Guys - What's the Score? Atrial Fibrillation and CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc
Authors: Geno J. Merli, Howard H. Weitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Web Exclusives21 April 2020Annals Consult Guys - What's the Score? Atrial Fibrillation and CHA2DS2-VAScFREEGeno J. Merli, MD and Howard H. Weitz, MDGeno J. Merli, MDThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.J.M., H.H.W.)Search for more papers by this author and Howard H. Weitz, MDThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.J.M., H.H.W.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/W19-0037 CME/MOC SectionsSupplemental MaterialAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Annals Consult Guys brings a new perspective to the art and science of medicine with lively discussion and analysis of real-world cases and situations. They address medically relevant topics—whether they be poignant, thought-provoking, or just plain entertaining.For more videos from and information on Annals Consult Guys, visit go.annals.org/ConsultGuys. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.J.M., H.H.W.)Disclosures: Geno J. Merli, MD, and Howard H. Weitz, MD, report that they have no financial relationships or interests to disclose.Editors' Disclosures: Christine Laine, MD, MPH, Editor in Chief, reports that her spouse has stock options/holdings with Targeted Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Darren B. Taichman, MD, PhD, Executive Editor, reports that he has no financial relationships or interests to disclose. Cynthia D. Mulrow, MD, MSc, Senior Deputy Editor, reports that she has no relationships or interests to disclose. Jaya K. Rao, MD, MHS, Deputy Editor, reports that she has stock holdings/options in Eli Lilly and Pfizer. Christina C. Wee, MD, MPH, Deputy Editor, reports employment with Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Sankey V. Williams, MD, Deputy Editor, reports that he has no financial relationships or interests to disclose. Yu-Xiao Yang, MD, MSCE, Deputy Editor, reports that he has no financial relationships or interest to disclose. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 April 2020Volume 172, Issue 8Page: CG1KeywordsAtrial fibrillationDiagnostic techniquesDisclosure ePublished: 21 April 2020 Issue Published: 21 April 2020 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Erratum for the Research Article: “ Reduced non–rapid eye movement sleep is associated with tau pathology in early Alzheimer’s disease ” by B. P. Lucey, A. McCullough, E. C. Landsness, C. D. Toedebusch, J. S. McLeland, A. M. Zaza, A. M. Fagan, L. McCue, C. Xiong, J. C. Morris, T. L. S. Benzinger, D. M. Holtzman
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2020)
LC3-associated phagocytosis protects against inflammation and liver fibrosis via immunoreceptor inhibitory signaling
Authors: JingHong Wan, Emmanuel Weiss, Sanae Ben Mkaddem, Morgane Mabire, Pierre-Marie Choinier, Olivia Picq, Tristan Thibault-Sogorb, Pushpa Hegde, Dorsa Pishvaie, Marcelle Bens, Linda Broer, Hélène Gilgenkrantz, Richard Moreau, Loredana Saveanu, Patrice Codogno, Renato C. Monteiro, Sophie Lotersztajn
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2020)

Sustained hepatic and systemic inflammation, particularly originating from monocytes/macrophages, is a driving force for fibrosis progression to end-stage cirrhosis and underlies the development of multiorgan failure. Reprogramming monocyte/macrophage phenotype has emerged as a strategy to limit inflammation during chronic liver injury. Here, we report that LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), a noncanonical form of autophagy, protects against hepatic and systemic inflammation during chronic liver injury in rodents, with beneficial antifibrogenic effects. LAP is enhanced in blood and liver monocytes from patients with fibrosis and cirrhosis. Pharmacological inhibition of LAP components in human monocytes from patients with cirrhosis or genetic disruption of LAP in mice with chronic liver injury exacerbates both the inflammatory signature in isolated human monocytes and the hepatic inflammatory profile in mice, resulting in enhanced liver fibrosis. Mechanistically, patients with cirrhosis showed increased monocyte expression of Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIA (FcγRIIA) and enhanced engulfment of immunoglobulin G in LC3+ phagosomes that triggers an FcγRIIA/Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) inhibitory immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAMi) anti-inflammatory pathway. Mice overexpressing human FcγRIIA in myeloid cells show enhanced LAP in response to chronic liver injury and resistance to inflammation and liver fibrosis. Activation of LAP is lost in monocytes from patients with multiorgan failure and restored by specifically targeting ITAMi signaling with anti-FcγRIIA F(ab')2 fragments, or with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). These data suggest the existence of an ITAMi-mediated mechanism by which LAP might protect against inflammation. Sustaining LAP may open therapeutic perspectives for patients with chronic liver disease.