tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Circulating tumor DNA and disease recurrence in early stage breast cancer: From a case-control study to a prospective longitudinal trial
Authors: S. Di Cosimo, V. Appierto, E. Ortolan, F. Dell’Angelo, M. Silvestri, G. Bianchi, S. Folli, L. De Cecco, G. Pruneri, M.G. Daidone
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Biomarker/s able to detect minimal residual disease (MRD) after breast cancer (BC) surgery are needed to aid optimal systemic therapy. We aimed at investigating the feasibility of using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to early detect MRD in plasma samples collected during the follow-up of patients (pts) with early BC. Methods: Forty BC pts undergoing surgery with curative intent and regular follow-up for a minimum of 13 years were included in a 1:3 case-control study. Preliminary experiments demonstrated that heparinase I digestion does not affect the quality of DNA extracted from heparin-collected blood and that pre-amplification overcomes limitations due to small (<0.5 ml) plasma aliquots. Mutational analysis of archival BC tissues was performed by Ion AmpliSeqTM targeted sequencing and identified Single Nucleotide Variations (SNV) were validated and tracked in plasma by digital Polymerase Chain Reaction. Results: One or more circulating SNVs were identified in 27/40 cases prior to surgery. During follow-up (range 80-200 months), 6 pts relapsed locally, 4 at distant sites, and 17 remained disease-free (DF). ctDNA was undetectable in 16/17 DF cases, whilst it was detectable in 9/10 recurrent pts, and anticipated overt metastases/loco-regional recurrences with a median lead time of 20 (range 10-47) months. Based on these results, we started a prospective study on ctDNA tracking in triple negative (TN) BC pts. At the time of writing, 67 pts with early stage TNBC have been enrolled in a longitudinal trial and followed up (range 10-74 months). Before surgery, ctDNA was detectable in 64% of cases and its clearance was associated with DF status. In additional 12 TNBC pts, ctDNA was analyzed prior and during neoadiuvant chemotherapy (NAC): ctDNA was detectable in 81% of the cases at baseline, and its dynamics during and after NAC reflected tumor response, and anticipated overt metastases with a lead time up to 13 months. Conclusions: Post-surgical ctDNA can anticipate the diagnosis of new disease manifestations, including loco-regional recurrences, which are amenable of treatment with a curative intent. Additional results on the longitudinal trial currently ongoing in TNBC pts will be presented at the meeting. Legal entity responsible for the study: Maria Grazia Daidone, PhD. Funding: Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Contro il Cancro (AIRC). Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Inadequate knowledge of allergen immunotherapy among athletes with allergic rhinitis: A post hoc analysis
Authors: Van‐Anh Dao, Cengizhan Acikel, Kija Shah‐Hosseini, Julia Vent, Esther Raskopf, Ralph Mösges
Journal: Allergy (2019)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Reply to Chousterman <i>et al.</i>: Delaying Renal Replacement Therapy Could Be Harmful in Patients with Acute Brain Injury
Authors: Stéphane Gaudry, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Alexandre Hertig, Saber Davide Barbar, David Hajage, Jean-Damien Ricard, Didier Dreyfuss
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2019)
MANAGEMENT OF COMPLEX BILIARY LEAK BY ENDOSCOPIC DRAINAGE WITH TRANSMURAL OR TRANSPAPILLARY-TRANSFISTULARY ACCESS
Authors: L Bromberg, A Lemmers, M Fernandez, AM Bucalau, V Lucidi, D Blero, O Lemoine, J Devière
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Biliary leak (BL) occurs often after hepatobiliary surgery. ERCP with biliary sphincterotomy and/or placement of a biliary stent or nasobiliary catheter represents the first therapeutic option. Some complex cases might resist to conventional treatment.
Expérience d'un service de gastro-entérologie dans les Urgences endoscopiques hautes
Authors: M Kadiri, S Lajouad, M Salihoun, M Acharki, I Serraj, N Kabbaj
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Les urgences endoscopiques hautes sont des situations graves engageant le pronostic vital. Les conditions de travail et les prises de décision peuvent influencer l'issue de la situation et celles-ci varient d'une équipe à l'autre. Le but de notre travail est de présenter l'expérience de notre service en urgences endoscopiques.
Cowden syndrome: gastrointestinal manifestations of an infrequent polyposis
Authors: Daniela Mendez, Rodrigo Dorelo, Martín Oricchio, Martha Otero, Joaquin Berrueta, Carolina Olano
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

A 58-year-old man, with a history of total thyroidectomy for papillary carcinoma in 2012, presented with rectal bleeding for the last 4 years, without other digestive symptoms or weigh lost. His physical examination revealed macrocephaly (63-cm circumference), skin with multiple verrucous papules of 1 – 3 mm on the face and dorsum of his hands (which histologically were trichilemmomas), papules in the oral mucosa (hamartomatous papillomas), and a furrowed tongue. The rest of his physical examination and laboratory test results were normal.
Predicting Response to CDK4/6 Inhibitors and Combinations Using a Computational Biology Model and Its Validation: A Beat AML Project Study
Authors: Leylah M. Drusbosky, Madeleine Turcotte, Paul Castillo, Robinson Vidva, Saji Gera, Mohammed Sauban, Priyanka Bhargav, Punya Deep, Shweta Kapoor, Taher Abbasi, Shireen Vali, Cristina E. Tognon, Stephen E Kurtz, Jeffrey W. Tyner, Brian J. Druker, Christopher R. Cogle
Journal: Blood (2017)
Cuff-assisted versus cap-assisted colonoscopy for adenoma detection: results of a randomized study
Authors: Javier Sola-Vera, Lourdes Catalá, Francisco Uceda, María Dolores Picó, Estefanía Pérez Rabasco, Jesús Sáez, Nuria Jiménez, María Dolores Arjona, María Fernández, Eva Girona, Mariana Fe García-Sepulcre
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Abstract Background The adenoma detection rate (ADR) is the most important marker of colonoscopy quality. Devices to improve adenoma detection have been developed, such as the Endocuff and transparent cap. The aim of the current study was to examine whether there was a difference in ADR between Endocuff-assisted (EAC) and cap-assisted colonoscopy (CAC). Methods A randomized prospective trial was conducted. Eligible patients included adults ≥ 18 years referred because of symptoms, surveillance, or colonoscopies as part of the Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP). The primary outcome measure was ADR. Secondary outcomes included mean number of adenomas, mean number of polyps, polyp detection rate, cecal intubation rate, and time to cecal intubation. Procedural measures, device removal rate, and adverse events were also recorded. Results A total of 711 patients (51.1 % men; median age 63 years) were included, of whom 357 patients were randomized to EAC and 354 patients to CAC. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the ADR was similar in both groups: EAC 50.4 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 45.1 – 55.7) vs. CAC 50.6 % (95 %CI 45.2 – 55.9). Similar results were obtained in the per-protocol analysis: EAC 51.6 % (95 %CI 46.2 – 57) vs. CAC 51.4 % (95 %CI 46 – 56.8). There were no differences between the two devices in ADR according to the mean number of adenomas and polyps per procedure, polyp detection rate, cecal intubation rate, and time to cecal intubation. Device removal rate and adverse events were also similar. Conclusion In this randomized study, no differences in ADR were found between Endocuff- and cap-assisted colonoscopy.
Efficacité des dilatations endoscopiques dans la prise en charge de l'achalasie
Authors: H Horma, H Abid, M Figuigui, A Lamine, M Lahlali, N Lahmidani, M Elyoussfi, M Elabkari, SA Ibrahimi, DA Benajah
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

L'achalasie primitive de l'oesophage est un trouble moteur idiopathique de L'oesophage défini par l'absence de contractions propagées (apéristaltisme) au niveau du corps de l'oesophage; et par un défaut de relaxation du sphincter inférieur de l'oesophage en réponse aux déglutitions. Le diagnostic est orienté par l'endoscopie et affirmé par la manométrie oesophagienne. Le but de notre étude et d'évaluer l'efficacité de la dilatation endoscopique chez les patients présentant une achalasie pris en charge au sein de notre service.
Author Correction: New genetic signals for lung function highlight pathways and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associations across multiple ancestries
Authors: Nick Shrine, Anna L Guyatt, A Mesut Erzurumluoglu, Victoria E Jackson, Brian D Hobbs, Carl A Melbourne, Chiara Batini, Katherine A Fawcett, Kijoung Song, Phuwanat Sakornsakolpat, Xingnan Li, Ruth Boxall, Nicola F Reeve, Ma'en Obeidat, Jing Hua Zhao, Matthias Wielscher, Stefan Weiss, Katherine A Kentistou, James P Cook, Benjamin B Sun, Jian Zhou, Jennie Hui, Stefan Karrasch, Medea Imboden, Sarah E Harris, Jonathan Marten, Stefan Enroth, Shona M Kerr, Ida Surakka, Veronique Vitart, Terho Lehtimäki, Richard J Allen, Per S Bakke, Terri H Beaty, Eugene R Bleecker, Yohan Bossé, Corry-Anke Brandsma, Zhengming Chen, James D Crapo, John Danesh, Dawn L DeMeo, Frank Dudbridge, Ralf Ewert, Christian Gieger, Amund Gulsvik, Anna L Hansell, Ke Hao, Joshua D Hoffman, John E Hokanson, Georg Homuth, Peter K Joshi, Philippe Joubert, Claudia Langenberg, Xuan Li, Liming Li, Kuang Lin, Lars Lind, Nicholas Locantore, Jian'an Luan, Anubha Mahajan, Joseph C Maranville, Alison Murray, David C Nickle, Richard Packer, Margaret M Parker, Megan L Paynton, David J Porteous, Dmitry Prokopenko, Dandi Qiao, Rajesh Rawal, Heiko Runz, Ian Sayers, Don D Sin, Blair H Smith, María Soler Artigas, David Sparrow, Ruth Tal-Singer, Paul R H J Timmers, Maarten Van den Berge, John C Whittaker, Prescott G Woodruff, Laura M Yerges-Armstrong, Olga G Troyanskaya, Olli T Raitakari, Mika Kähönen, Ozren Polašek, Ulf Gyllensten, Igor Rudan, Ian J Deary, Nicole M Probst-Hensch, Holger Schulz, Alan L James, James F Wilson, Beate Stubbe, Eleftheria Zeggini, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Nick Wareham, Edwin K Silverman, Caroline Hayward, Andrew P Morris, Adam S Butterworth, Robert A Scott, Robin G Walters, Deborah A Meyers, Michael H Cho, David P Strachan, Ian P Hall, Martin D Tobin, Louise V Wain
Journal: Nature Genetics (2019)
Early access to bedaquiline for extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pre-XDR tuberculosis
Authors: Irina Vasilyeva, Andrei Mariandyshev, Boris Kazennyy, Edita Davidavičienė, Nacer Lounis, Sofia Keim
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

Globally in 2016, 19% of previously treated tuberculosis (TB) cases and 4.1% of newly diagnosed cases were reported to be resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin (multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB) or rifampicin alone (rifampicin-resistant TB) [1]. In 2017, 8.5% of MDR-TB cases were caused by extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-TB [1], defined as MDR-TB with additional resistance to a fluoroquinolone (FQ) and a second-line injectable drug (SLI) (amikacin, kanamycin or capreomycin). TB drug resistance, especially XDR-TB, is associated with poorer treatment outcomes [1–3]. This letter presents final safety and efficacy data from an early-access study of bedaquiline for treating (pre-)XDR-TB <http://bit.ly/2Ff4qyl> We would like to express gratitude to the patients and their families for their participation and support during the study. We would also like to thank the study centre staff and public health authorities for their support. We are grateful to all the Janssen study personnel, as well as Nyasha Bakare and other Janssen staff members for their review of this letter, and Chris Liu, previously a contractor with Johnson & Johnson, who was involved in the data analysis. Medical writing support was provided by Ian Woolveridge of Zoetic Science, an Ashfield company, Macclesfield, UK; this support was funded by Janssen.
Diabetes Diagnosis and Control: Missed Opportunities to Improve Health
Authors: Catherine C. Cowie
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

Diabetes is a prevalent condition in the U.S. and worldwide, with expanding impact over time as it affects progressively younger ages as well as older ages as people live longer. Costs of diabetes to those affected and to society as a whole continue to increase. Costs are realized through daily treatment regimens throughout life to control glycemia and other risk factors for complications as diabetes progresses, diabetes complications and disability and their treatments, health care visits and hospitalization, and as indirect costs via lower quality of life and lost productivity. Diagnosing diabetes is key to affording the opportunity to treat diabetes, and diabetes control is key to reducing the risk of complications. Yet the magnitude of undiagnosed diabetes and poor control of diabetes is large. And just as certain subgroups of the population are affected disproportionately by diabetes and diabetes complications, so are they affected disproportionately by undiagnosed diabetes and poor control. This review addresses the epidemiology of undiagnosed diabetes and diabetes control, largely covering their magnitude, demographic variation, trends over time, and predictors. For diabetes control, it focuses on control of A1C, blood pressure, and lipid levels, although there are many other facets of diabetes control and preventive care that also could be examined. The review is based predominantly on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a U.S. health survey that includes both an interview and examination component that has been conducted continuously since 1999 and episodically for decades earlier. The interview elicits self-reported health responses pertaining to diabetes and other medical conditions and an examination that measures glycemic indicators, blood pressure, and lipids, which provide much of the material presented herein. Data from other studies are also presented and described.
Abstract 14806: Comparison of Afterload Dependency Between Left Ventricular Myocardial Strain and Strain Rate in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Daisuke Murai, Satoshi Yamada, Hiroyuki Iwano, Taichi Hayashi, Kazunori Okada, Hisao Nishino, Masahiro Nakabachi, Ayumu Abe, Ayako Ichikawa, Shinobu Yokoyama, Sanae Kaga, Taisei Mikami, Hiroyuki Tsutsui
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Left ventricular (LV) myocardial strain and strain rate (SR) both depend upon afterload. However, the difference in the afterload dependency between these 2 indices has not been investigated. Methods: Echocardiography was performed in 41 healthy volunteers before and during handgrip exercise. The handgrip exercise was performed at 50% of the maximum grasping power for 4 minutes. Meridional wall stress (MWS) was calculated from end-systolic LV dimension and wall thickness as well as systolic blood pressure. By using speckle tracking echocardiography, longitudinal peak strain (LS) and systolic peak SR (LSR) were measured and averaged in 3 apical views. These parameters were indicated in the absolute values. Results: During handgrip exercise, systolic blood pressure increased from 98±11 to 116±15 mmHg and MWS increased from 660±130 to 975±174 dyn•mm -2 (%change: 49±18%). In response to this increase in MWS, LS decreased by 8.4±4.8% (from 17.2±1.7 to 15.7±1.4%). In comparison, LSR decreased by 6.4±5.5% (from 0.80±0.09 to 0.75±0.08 s -1 ), which was significantly smaller than the decrease in LS (p&lt;0.05). There were significant linear correlations between MWS and LS (r=-0.53, p&lt;0.01) or LSR (r=-0.28, p&lt;0.05) among all points before and during handgrip exercise and the absolute value of correlation coefficient for LS (0.53) tended to be greater than that for LSR (0.28). The dispersions of LS and LSR, expressed as the root mean square error in the standardized regression analysis, were similar (0.86 SD and 0.98 SD, respectively). Therefore, the difference in the correlation coefficients was considered to be a reflection of the difference in the afterload dependency between LS and LSR, but not the dispersion of the measurements. Conclusions: Myocardial strain more strongly depends on afterload than myocardial strain rate in healthy subjects.
Risk of Biologics and Glucocorticoids in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Undergoing Arthroplasty
Authors: Michael D. George, Joshua F. Baker, Kevin Winthrop, Evo Alemao, Lang Chen, Sean Connolly, Jesse Y. Hsu, Teresa A. Simon, Qufei Wu, Fenglong Xie, Shuo Yang, Jeffrey R. Curtis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

Background: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at increased risk for infection after arthroplasty, yet risks of specific biologic medications are unknown. Objective: To compare risk for postoperative infection among biologics and to evaluate the risk associated with glucocorticoids. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Medicare and Truven MarketScan administrative data from January 2006 through September 2015. Patients: Adults with RA who were having elective inpatient total knee or hip arthroplasty, either primary or revision, and had a recent infusion of or prescription for abatacept, adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, rituximab, or tocilizumab before surgery. Measurements: Propensity-adjusted analyses using inverse probability weights evaluated comparative risks for hospitalized infection within 30 days and prosthetic joint infection (PJI) within 1 year after surgery between biologics or with different dosages of glucocorticoids. Secondary analyses evaluated non–urinary tract hospitalized infections and 30-day readmissions. Results: Among 9911 patients treated with biologics, 10 923 surgical procedures were identified. Outcomes were similar in patients who received different biologics. Compared with an 8.16% risk for hospitalized infection with abatacept, predicted risk from propensity-weighted models ranged from 6.87% (95% CI, 5.30% to 8.90%) with adalimumab to 8.90% (CI, 5.70% to 13.52%) with rituximab. Compared with a 2.14% 1-year cumulative incidence of PJI with abatacept, predicted incidence ranged from 0.35% (CI, 0.11% to 1.12%) with rituximab to 3.67% (CI, 1.69% to 7.88%) with tocilizumab. Glucocorticoids were associated with a dose-dependent increase in postoperative risk for all outcomes. Propensity-weighted models showed that use of more than 10 mg of glucocorticoids per day (vs. no glucocorticoid use) resulted in a predicted risk for hospitalized infection of 13.25% (CI, 9.72% to 17.81%) (vs. 6.78%) and a predicted 1-year cumulative incidence of PJI of 3.83% (CI, 2.13% to 6.87%) (vs. 2.09%). Limitation: Residual confounding is possible, and sample sizes for rituximab and tocilizumab were small. Conclusion: Risks for hospitalized infection, PJI, and readmission after arthroplasty were similar across biologics. In contrast, glucocorticoid use, especially with dosages above 10 mg/d, was associated with greater risk for adverse outcomes. Primary Funding Source: Rheumatology Research Foundation, National Institutes of Health, and Bristol-Myers Squibb.
Exploration de l'intestin grêle: Indications et résultats de l'enteroscopie double balon
Authors: Z Bouhnoun, H Abid, M Elyoussfi, N Aqodad, DA Benajah, M Elabkari, A Ibrahimi, N Lahmidani
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

L'enteroscopie est un examen sur et efficace pour l'exploration et le traitement des maladies de l'intestin grêle. Elle est en général realisée suite a un examen prealable du grêle par video-capsule endoscopique (VCE) sauf en présnece de contre indication ou non disponibilité. Les indications de l'EDB sont multiples dont le plus fréquentes sont le saignement digestif indétérminé.
SINGLE-STEP TREATMENT WITH ENDOSCOPIC RESECTION AND CRYOBALLOON ABLATION IS FEASIBLE AND SAFE IN AN ESOPHAGEAL PORCINE MODEL
Authors: A Overwater, LAA Brosens, BLAM Weusten
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Treatment of early Barrett's neoplasia currently consists of two steps: endoscopic resection (ER) of visible lesions with subsequent ablation of remaining Barrett's epithelium. However, extensive resection might hamper subsequent ablation due to stenosis. Combining both modalities in one session offers the potential advantages of preventing ablation in a strictured esophagus and reducing the number of treatments. Studies with ER and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) showed this strategy to be feasible, but unsafe. Cryoballoon ablation (CBA) differs from RFA in that it preserves the extracellular matrix which might protect the esophagus even with ablation deep into the esophageal wall. The aim of this study is to evaluate feasibility, safety and histopathological effects of single-step treatment with CBA and ER.
A COMPARISON STUDY OF 2L PEG-ASCORBIC ACID VERSUS 1L PEG-ASCORBIC ACID WITH BISACODYL VERSUS SODIUM PICOSULFATE/MAGNESIUM CITRATE WITH BISACODYL AS BOWEL PREPARATION
Authors: SJ Choi, YT Jeen, JH Kim, HJ Jeon, SH Jang, SH Kim, SH Kim, JM Lee, HS Choi, ES Kim, B Keum, HS Lee, HJ Chun, CD Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Bowel preparation is the most important colonoscopy quality indicator because it affects both the cecal intubation and adenoma detection rates. Ingestion of a large volume of PEG, as well as its unpleasant taste, results in low compliance rates and unsatisfactory cleansing quality. To reduce drug dose and increase patients satisfaction, we would like to compare the efficacy and patient satisfaction of the following three methods: 2 Liters of PEG-ascorbic acid mono regimen versus 1 Liters of PEG-ascorbic acid plus bisacodyl versus Sodium picosulfate with magnesium citrate (SPMC) plus bisacodyl.
Ectopic expression of PIK3CD in human cancer cell lines and human lung carcinoma
Authors: Hiroyuki Nakamura, Shingo Dan, Tetsuyuki Akashi, Michiyo Okui, Shinichi Egawa, Yuichi Ishikawa, Michiaki Unno, Takao Yamori
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

LB-18  Class I phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) consists of four isoforms of the catalytic subunit, p110 α, -β, -δ and -γ generated from the gene PIK3CA, -B, -D and -G, respectively. These isoforms show different tissue distribution and some specific and indispensable functions in various biological pathways such as development, inflammation and cancer. In human cancers, frequent genomic amplification, overexpression and gain-of-function mutations of PIK3CA were reported, which suggests its oncogenic potential. However, the connections of other three isoforms containing PIK3CD to human cancers remain unclear. We previously established a panel of 39 human cancer cell lines (JFCR39). JFCR39 has been well characterized in the profiles of gene expression [1], protein expression [2] and sensitivity to various types of pathway inhibitors including PI3K inhibitors [3]. Therefore, JFCR39 is considered to be a good model for studying the PI3K pathway and its implication in cancer. To get more information on non-α isoforms in human cancers, we herein have established an absolute-quantification system of all four isoforms by real-time RT-PCR using isoform-specific primers. This system revealed that, in JFCR39, not only PIK3CA or -B but also PIK3CD was expressed ubiquitously, while PIK3CG expression was restricted in several cell lines. PIK3CD expression was confirmed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR technique and by sequencing the resulting PCR products. Next we examined 30 human lung carcinoma tissues for the expression of the four isoforms and revealed that PIK3CD, not only PIK3CA or -B, was also expressed in most of the cases, while PIK3CG was expressed only in several cases. It has been considered that PIK3CD is expressed predominantly in leukocytes. However, by measuring the expression of all four isoforms at a time, we demonstrated for the first time the ectopic expression of PIK3CD in human cancer cell lines as well as in clinical specimens of lung carcinoma. Biological implications of the ectopic PIK3CD expression remain to be solved. References: [1] Dan S, Yamori T, et al. Cancer Research 62:1139-47, 2002. [2] Akashi T, Yamori T, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 352:514-21, 2007. [3] Yaguchi S, Yamori T, et al. J Natl Cancer Inst 98:545-56, 2006.