tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ENDOSCOPIC BAND LIGATION WITHOUT RESECTION OF SMALL-SIZED SUBMUCOSAL TUMOURS: RESULTS IN SHORT-MEDIUM FOLLOW-UP TERM OF A MULTICENTER PROSPECTIVE STUDY (BANDING-SMT)
Authors: F Bas-Cutrina, CF Consiglieri, C Loras, X Andújar, C Huertas, M Albert, R Ballester, F González-Huix, C Guarner-Argente, A Pardo, J Bosch-Schips, JB Gornals
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

The endoscopic-band-ligation (EBL) without resection combined with a single-incision-needle-knife (SINK) biopsy is a little reported option in the management of submucosal-tumours (SMT). The main aim was to determine the efficacy of this technique. Secondary aims: to evaluate its safety and the diagnostic yield of biopsy.
Abstract 17522: Home Monitoring is Associated With Fewer Hospital Readmissions Following Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation
Authors: Mitchell A Psotka, Jana Svetlichnaya, Michele Kassemos, Krystal Kobasic, Kelly McClure, Sonia Sharma, Yuri Nam, Van N Selby, Munir Janmohamed, Teresa De Marco, Georg Wieselthaler, Liviu Klein
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Hospital readmission is common following implantation of a continuous flow left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Hypothesis: Frequent home monitoring (HM) of blood pressure (BP), wei...
Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer in Black Patients
Authors: Santino Butler, Vinayak Muralidhar, Janice Chavez, Zoe Fullerton, Aman Mahal, Michelle Nezolosky, Marie Vastola, Shuang G Zhao, Anthony V D'Amico, Robert T Dess, Felix Y Feng, Martin T King, Kent W Mouw, Daniel E Spratt, Quoc-Dien Trinh, Paul L Nguyen, Timothy R Rebbeck, Brandon A Mahal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

Active Surveillance among Blacks with Low-Risk Prostate Cancer Between 2010 and 2015, use of active surveillance or watchful waiting as a management strategy for low-risk prostate cancer increased ...
Preparation and evaluation of nattokinase-loaded self-double-emulsifying drug delivery system
Authors: Xiaona Wang, Sifan Jiang, Xinyue Wang, Jie Liao, Zongning Yin
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2015)

In the present study, we prepared nattokinase-loaded self-double-emulsifying drug delivery system (SDEDDS) and investigated its preliminary pharmacodynamics. The type and concentration of oil phase, inner aqueous phase and emulsifier were screened to prepare optimum nattokinase-loaded SDEDDS. Next, the optimum formulations were characterized based on microstructure, volume-weighted mean droplet size, self-emulsifying rate, yield, storage stability, in vitro release and in vivo pharmacodynamics studies. The water/oil/water multiple emulsions exhibited typical multiple structure, with relatively small volume-weighted mean droplet size 6.0 ± 0.7 μm and high self-emulsifying ability (self-emulsifying time <2 min). Encapsulation of nattokinase was up to 86.8 ± 8.2%. The cumulative release of nattokinase within 8 h was about 30%, exhibiting a sustained release effect. The pharmacodynamics study indicated that nattokinase-loaded SDEDDS could significantly prolong the whole blood clotting time in mouse and effectively improve the carrageenan-induced tail thrombosis compared with nattokinase solution. Moreover, we showed that SDEDDS could successfully self-emulsify into water/oil/water multiple emulsions upon dilution in dispersion medium with gentle stirring and effectively protect nattokinase activity in gastric environment. Our findings suggested that SDEDDS could be a promising strategy for peptide and protein drugs by oral administration.
Abstract B24: Differential sensitivity to Aurora kinase inhibition in RIT1- and KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kristin D. Holmes, Filip Mundt, Phillip Mertins, Steve Carr, Alice Berger
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Mutations in Ras-family genes Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) and Ras-like in all tissues (RIT1) occur in 30% and 2% of lung adenocarcinomas, respectively. Targeted therapies have shown promise in lung adenocarcinomas and other cancers; however, there are currently no FDA-approved drugs that directly target RIT1 or KRAS. To identify critical effector pathways and/or genetic dependencies that might be targeted for clinical benefit in these cancers, we undertook complementary proteomic and small-molecule screens in multiple human lung cancer models. To better understand the signaling networks modulated by RIT1 and KRAS, we performed deep characterization of total protein and phosphoproteins in non-transformed human lung epithelial cells engineered to express mutant or wild-type RIT1 or KRAS. 10,131 proteins were detected across all samples, 9,001 of which were detected in every sample. 29,172 phosphorylated sites were detected with 14,769 of these identified in every sample. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified pathways significantly modulated by RIT1 M90I, KRAS G12V, or KRAS Q61H mutations. Whereas some pathways, such as MYC, were commonly activated by both mutant RIT1 and KRAS, others, such as Aurora kinase signaling, were specifically perturbed by RIT1. Previously, we found that mutant RIT1 and KRAS can transform human lung epithelial cells and confer resistance to EGFR blockade in EGFR-dependent lung adenocarcinoma. To identify opportunities for therapeutic intervention of RIT1- and KRAS-mutant tumors, we screened a collection of 160 small molecules for their ability to block RIT1/KRAS-induced drug resistance in PC9 cells, an EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma cell line. Interestingly, RIT1 M90I-expressing cells were selectively killed as a result of treatment with the Aurora kinase inhibitors, alisertib and barasertib, while KRAS G12V cells were resistant to these inhibitors. The specific effect of Aurora kinase inhibition on RIT1 mutant cells was also confirmed in a fibroblast transformation assay and could not be attributed to proliferation rate, which was similar between RIT1- and KRAS-expressing cells. Moreover, Aurora kinase B (AURKB) was among the most differentially expressed transcripts when comparing RIT1- or KRAS-expressing cells, suggesting differential effects of RIT1 and KRAS on Aurora kinase activity. These findings nominate Aurora kinase inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy in RIT1- , but not KRAS-mutant, lung cancer. Citation Format: Kristin D. Holmes, Filip Mundt, Phillip Mertins, Steve Carr, Alice Berger. Differential sensitivity to Aurora kinase inhibition in RIT1- and KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR-IASLC International Joint Conference: Lung Cancer Translational Science from the Bench to the Clinic; Jan 8-11, 2018; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2018;24(17_Suppl):Abstract nr B24.
Assessing professional competence: a critical review of the Annual Review of Competence Progression
Authors: Katherine Woolf, Michael Page, Rowena Viney
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2019)

The Annual Review of Competence Progression is used to determine whether trainee doctors in the United Kingdom are safe and competent to progress to the next training stage. In this article we provide evidence to inform recommendations to enhance the validity of the summative and formative elements of the Annual Review of Competency Progression. The work was commissioned as part of a Health Education England review. We systematic searched the peer reviewed and grey literature, synthesising findings with information from national, local and specialty-specific Annual Review of Competence Progression guidance, critically evaluating the findings in the context of literature on assessing competence in medical education. National guidance lacked detail resulting in variability across locations and specialties, threatening validity and reliability. Trainees and trainers were concerned that the Annual Review of Competence Progression only reliably identifies the most poorly performing trainees. Feedback is not routinely provided, which can leave those with performance difficulties unsupported and high performers demotivated. Variability in the provision and quality of feedback can negatively affect learning. The Annual Review of Competence Progression functions as a high-stakes assessment, likely to have a significant impact on patient care. It should be subject to the same rigorous evaluation as other high-stakes assessments; there should be consistency in procedures across locations, specialties and grades; and all trainees should receive high-quality feedback.
LncRNA SNHG10 Facilitates Hepatocarcinogenesis and Metastasis by Modulating Its Homolog SCARNA13 via a Positive Feedback Loop
Authors: Tian Lan, Kefei Yuan, Xiaokai Yan, Lin Xu, Haotian Liao, Xiangyong Hao, Jinju Wang, Hong Liu, Xiangzheng Chen, Kunlin Xie, Jiaxin Li, Mingheng Liao, Jiwei Huang, Yong Zeng, Hong Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Understanding the roles of noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) in tumorigenesis and metastasis would establish novel avenues to identify diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Here, we aimed to identify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)–specific ncRNA and to investigate their roles in hepatocarcinogenesis and metastasis. RNA-seq of xenografts generated by lung metastasis identified long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 10 (SNHG10) and its homolog SCARNA13 as novel drivers for the development and metastasis of HCC. SNHG10 expression positively correlated with SCARNA13 expression in 64 HCC cases, and high expression of SNHG10 or SCARNA13 was associated with poor overall survival. As SCARNA13 showed significant rise and decline after overexpression and knockdown of SNHG10, respectively, we hypothesized that SNHG10 might act as an upstream regulator of SCARNA13. SNHG10 and SCARNA13 coordinately contributed to the malignant phenotype of HCC cells, where SNHG10 served as a sponge for miR-150-5p and interacted with RPL4 mRNA to increase the expression and activity of c-Myb. Reciprocally, upregulated and hyperactivated c-Myb enhanced SNHG10 and SCARNA13 expression by regulating SNHG10 promoter activity, forming a positive feedback loop and continuously stimulating SCARNA13 expression. SCARNA13 mediated SNHG10-driven HCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and facilitated the cell cycle and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of HCC cells by regulating SOX9. Overall, we identified a complex circuitry underlying the concomitant upregulation of SNHG10 and its homolog SCARNA13 in HCC in the process of hepatocarcinogenesis and metastasis. Significance: These findings unveil the role of a noncoding RNA in carcinogenesis and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Prise en charge endoscopique des sténoses bénignes de l'oesophage
Authors: E Bel Hadj Mabrouk, S Ayadi, M Ayari, Y Zaimi, K El Jeri, Y Said, L Mouelhi, R Debbeche
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Les sténoses bénignes de l'oesophage sont plus rares que les sténoses d'origine néoplasique. La fibroscopie oeso-gastroduodénale (FOGD) permet généralement de poser le diagnostic étiologique. Le traitement de choix est la dilatation endoscopique. Son objectif principal est la disparition ou au moins l'amélioration de la dysphagie. L'examen est souvent simple, sûr et bien toléré. Nous proposons dans ce travail de rapporter l'expérience de notre centre dans la prise en charge endoscopique des différentes étiologies des sténoses bénignes de l'oesophage.
Self-medication as Part of Self-management Plans for Patients With COPD—Reply
Authors: Hanan Aboumatar, Robert A. Wise
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 12258: Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest With Initially Shockable Rhythm: What Are the Outcomes if No Shock is Given?
Authors: Yan Xiong, Ahamed H Idris
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Prompt defibrillation is critical for termination of ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). For ethical reasons, the real impact of not shocking OHCA patients with a shockable rhythm is unlikely to be investigated in clinical trials and thus remains unknown. Objectives: To describe demographics, pre-hospital characteristics, interventions, and outcomes in OHCA patients with an initially shockable rhythm who did and did not get shocked in the field in DFW ROC site. Methods: We included all non-traumatic OHCA cases ≥18 years old with VF or VT as first known rhythms, who were treated and transported to a hospital within the DFW ROC site between 2006 - 2011. We report return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in the field and survival to hospital discharge for victims with and without shock delivered in the field. Multiple variable regression analysis assessed the association between shock delivery and ROSC in the field as well as survival. Results: Included were 882 adult non-traumatic OHCA cases with VF or VT as first known rhythms; mean (±SD) age was 60 ± 15 years, 71% male, bystander witnessed 56%, bystander resuscitation attempt 43%, public arrest location 26%, EMS response time 4.7 ± 2.3 min, 26.9% (237) had ROSC in the field, 14.9% (131) survived to hospital discharge; 93.4% (824) of all patients were shocked, while 6.6% (58) were not shocked. Of the 6.6% (58) who were not shocked, 12.1% (7) achieved ROSC in the field and 8.6% (5) survived to hospital discharge. For those not shocked in the field, the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios for ROSC were 0.354 (95% CI 0.158-0.791, p=0.011) and 0.189 (95% CI 0.039-0.911, p=0.038), respectively; and for survival to hospital discharge they were 0.522 (95% CI 0.205-1.331, p=0.173) and 0.498 (95% CI 0.088-2.810, p=0.430), respectively. Conclusions: In the DFW ROC site, 6.6% of OHCA victims with an initially shockable rhythm did not receive a shock, which was significantly associated with decreased ROSC in the field. More patients survived who were shocked in the field, but this difference was not significant after adjustment for Utstein variables.
“RESECT AND DISCARD” STRATEGY FOR DIMINUTIVE COLORECTAL POLYPS
Authors: MP Costa Santos, C Palmela, C Gouveia, C Gomes, J Nunes, E Barjas, J Torres, M Cravo, A Ferreira
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

“Resect and Discard” (RD) strategy is based on optic chromoendoscopy characterization of diminutive polyps (≤5 mm) histology without pathology assessment allowing cost savings in screening colonoscopy. According to ASGE recommendations this strategy could be applied if there is a ≥90% agreement in assignment of postpolypectomy surveillance intervals compared with conventional strategy. Our aim was to assess this strategy feasibility in our centre.
EUS-GUIDED TREATMENT OF GASTRIC FUNDAL VARICES WITH COMBINED INJECTION OF COILS AND CYANOACRYLATE GLUE: INITIAL EXPERIENCE OF A BRAZILIAN ACADEMIC INSTITUITION
Authors: R Gardone, F Retes, R Roda, C Gomes, E Vilela, V Arantes
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Conventional endoscopic treatment of gastric fundus varices (GOV 2/IGV 1) consists of the application of cyanoacrylate glue, however, such technique is associated with risk of embolization and re-bleeding.
THE RISK FOR COLORECTAL ADENOMA IS ASSOCIATED WITH LIVER FIBROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE
Authors: MC Kim, BI Jang, MK Kang, JH Cho, SB Kim, KH Kim, KO Kim, SH Lee, TN Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with risks for developing colorectal adenoma, which is related to various metabolic factors. However, studies on the risks of developing colorectal adenoma according to the severity of NAFLD are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the association between advanced fibrosis in NAFLD and the risk for colorectal adenoma.
Glucose‐6‐Phosphate Regulates Hepatic Bile Acid Synthesis in Mice
Authors: Joanne A. Hoogerland, Yu Lei, Justina C. Wolters, Jan Freark de Boer, Trijnie Bos, Aycha Bleeker, Niels L. Mulder, Theo H. van Dijk, Jan A. Kuivenhoven, Fabienne Rajas, Gilles Mithieux, Rebecca A. Haeusler, Henkjan J. Verkade, Vincent W. Bloks, Folkert Kuipers, Maaike H. Oosterveer
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

It is well established that, besides facilitating lipid absorption, bile acids act as signaling molecules that modulate glucose and lipid metabolism. Bile acid metabolism, in turn, is controlled by several nutrient‐sensitive transcription factors. Altered intrahepatic glucose signaling in type 2 diabetes associates with perturbed bile acid synthesis. We aimed to characterize the regulatory role of the primary intracellular metabolite of glucose, glucose‐6‐phosphate (G6P), on bile acid metabolism. Hepatic gene expression patterns and bile acid composition were analyzed in mice that accumulate G6P in the liver, that is, liver‐specific glucose‐6‐phosphatase knockout (L‐ G6pc−/− ) mice, and mice treated with a pharmacological inhibitor of the G6P transporter. Hepatic G6P accumulation induces sterol 12α‐hydroxylase ( Cyp8b1 ) expression, which is mediated by the major glucose‐sensitive transcription factor, carbohydrate response element‐binding protein (ChREBP). Activation of the G6P‐ChREBP‐CYP8B1 axis increases the relative abundance of cholic‐acid–derived bile acids and induces physiologically relevant shifts in bile composition. The G6P‐ChREBP–dependent change in bile acid hydrophobicity associates with elevated plasma campesterol/cholesterol ratio and reduced fecal neutral sterol loss, compatible with enhanced intestinal cholesterol absorption. Conclusion: We report that G6P, the primary intracellular metabolite of glucose, controls hepatic bile acid synthesis. Our work identifies hepatic G6P‐ChREBP‐CYP8B1 signaling as a regulatory axis in control of bile acid and cholesterol metabolism.
Late-term effects in the arm and shoulder with hypofractionated regional nodal irradiation in patients with breast cancer
Authors: B.S. Yadav, A. Bansal, G. Philip
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT) is becoming a new standard in the adjuvant treatment for patients with breast cancer. However, data are lacking on late-term arm and shoulder morbidity with hypofractionation in patients with advanced stage disease who undergo mastectomy followed by local and regional nodal irradiation (RNI). In this study, we report late-term effects in arm and shoulder with 3 weeks of RNI with hypofractionation in patients with breast cancer. Methods: Between January 1990 and December 2007, 1770 women with stage II and III breast cancer post mastectomy, prospectively treated with hypofractionated local and RNI were analyzed for late-term effects on arm and shoulder. RT dose was 35Gy/15#/3 wks to chest wall by two tangential fields and 40Gy in same fractions by a single incident field to supraclavicular fossa. Late-term toxicities were assessed with RTOG LENT SOMA scale. All late effects assessment scores were dichotomised as none/mild versus moderate/marked effects. Results: Median follow up was 10 years. Chemotherapy and hormonal therapy was given to 1136(63%) and 1381(74%) of patients, respectively. RNI was delivered in 1689(95%) of patients. Moderate/severe arm/shoulder pain was reported by 374(22%) patients. Moderate/severe difficulty in abducting arm was reported by 269(16%) patients. Moderate/marked arm edema was seen in 131(7.7%) of patients. Brachial plexopathy was not seen in any of the patients. Conclusions: Hypofractionated local and RNI in 3 weeks was associated with modest arm and shoulder late-term effects. Table. Patients characteristics Characteristics Total=1770 n(%) Age ≤40 491 (28) >40 1279 (72) Menopausal Status Pre-menopausal 828 (47) Post-menopausal 942 (53) Tumor stage T1 906 (51) T2 659 (37) T3 34 (2) T4 171 (10) Histology Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) 1628 (92) Non-IDC 142 (8) Grade 1 2318 (18) 2 1134 (64) 3 318 (18) N Stage (pathological) N0 654 (37) N1 593 (34) N2 383 (22) N3 140 (8) Surgical Margins Negative 1562 (88) Positive 208 (12) Estrogen Receptor Status Positive 859 (62) Negative 530 (38) Unknown 381 Progesterone Receptor Status Positive 729 (53) Negative 632 (47) Unknown 409 Chemotherapy Yes 1136 (64) No 634 (36) Hormonal Therapy Yes 1381 (78) No 389 (22). Legal entity responsible for the study: PGIMER, Chandigarh. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Differential trajectories of neurocognitive functioning in females versus males following treatment for pediatric brain tumors
Authors: Jesse C Bledsoe, David Breiger, Micah Breiger, Sophia Shonka, Ralph P Ermoian, Jeffrey G Ojemann, David M Werny, Sarah E S Leary, J Russell Geyer
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Female and male trajectories of cerebellar and lobar brain structures are sexually dimorphic, making sex a potential candidate moderator of neurocognitive late effects from radiation treatment. We sought to evaluate longitudinal neurocognitive functioning in male versus female children treated for posterior fossa brain tumors.Fifty-one female and 63 male survivors of posterior fossa tumors completed neuropsychological testing at 2 timepoints. We included patients treated with surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Multilevel mixed modeling was used to predict IQ score as a function of patient sex following treatment (~2 or ~4 years post treatment). Effect sizes were used as a measure of clinical significance.Multilevel models resulted in a significant sex by time interaction (F = 6.69, P = 0.011). Females' cognitive scores were considerably higher compared with males at 4 years posttreatment. Females demonstrated an average improvement of 7.61 standard score IQ points compared with a decline of 2.97 points for males at 4 years follow-up. Effect sizes for female IQ compared with male IQ at 4 years posttreatment were between 0.8 and 0.9.Trajectories of neurocognitive functioning following posterior fossa tumor treatment differed between female and male children. Sexual dimorphism in radiation late effects may alter treatment decisions in children. Research into sex-specific neuroprotective mechanisms underlying neurocognitive development following pediatric brain tumor treatments is warranted.