tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P229: Small Visceral Adipose Volumes and Quality Associated with Aortic and Coronary Artery Calcification in Women with SLE
Authors: Kelly J Shields
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) not explained by CVD or SLE risk factors. Small visceral fat volumes of the heart and aorta quantified by computed tomography (CT) have been associated with subclinical CVD. Additionally, fat quality, assessed by CT attenuation (Hounsfield Units, HU), may confer CVD risk. Hypothesis: Low density (more negative HU) fat is associated with aorta and coronary artery calcification (AC/CAC) in women with SLE independent of fat volume and BMI or waist-to-hip ratio (whratio). Methods: CT scans from clinically CVD-free SLE women (n=143) were used to quantify AC/CAC (Agatston score) and aortic perivascular and total heart fat tissue (aPVAT, TAT) volumes. Fat quality was assessed using average HU (aorta:avgHUa; heart:avgHUh). Logistic regression models (any AC/CAC) were used and final models were adjusted for BMI or whratio. Results: In this study, AC/CAC was detected in 118/143 women (AC score (median (IQR)): 70(10-381) CAC score 1.4(0-30)). SLE women with any AC/CAC were more likely to be hypertensive and postmenopausal with a greater BMI (all p&lt;0.05). Those with any AC had elevated circulating levels of CRP, fibrinogen and total cholesterol, while those with any CAC also had higher triglyceride, homocysteine, C3 and C4 (all p&lt;0.05). SLE with any AC/CAC had greater volumes (cm 3 ) of TAT (111 (84-137)) and aPVAT (34 (27-45)) when compared to those with no AC/CAC (TAT 71 (52-102); aPVAT 27 (23-30), both&lt;0.01). SLE women with any AC/CAC had a more positive avgHUa (mean(std): -83.4(1.9)) when compared to those with no AC/CAC (-84.5(1.6)), p&lt;0.03). In logistic regression analysis, TAT (OR[95%]: 2.8[1.4-5.6]), aPVAT (4.9[1.7-14]) and avgHUa (1.9[1.1-3.1]) were associated with any AC/CAC (all p&lt;0.03). After adjusting for BMI or whratio, TAT remained associated with any AC (2.1[1.0-4.2] and 2.8[1.4-5.5], p&lt;0.05) and any CAC (1.7[1.0-2.7] and 2.4[1.5-3.7], all p&lt;0.05). Both aPVAT and avgHUa were attenuated when adjusting for BMI with any AC; however, avgHUa remained significant with any CAC (1.9[1.2-3.0), p&lt;0.01). The association with any AC and CAC remained significant when adjusting for whratio for both aPVAT (5.4[1.8-16], 1.9[1.2-3.1], both p&lt;0.01) and avgHUa (1.7[1.0-2.9], 1.9[1.2-3.1]) both p&lt;0.04).When evaluating fat volume and quality with any CAC, avgHUa (2.1[1.3-3.5],p&lt;0.01) attenuated aPVAT(1.3[0.86-1.8],p=0.2). Conclusions: Fat volumes surrounding the heart and aorta are greater and, contrary to our hypothesis, the avgHU was more positive in clinically CVD-free SLE women with calcification. This higher density may reflect unhealthy fibrotic fat. AC generally precedes CAC development and the independent association of both aPVAT and avgHUa suggest that the relationship between fat volume and quality may be an indicator of more advanced vascular calcification and CVD risk.
Maternity services: women want respect and dignity above all else, finds global survey
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2019)

A survey of 1.2 million women from more than half (114) of the world’s countries has found that the thing they most wanted from reproductive and maternal health services was to be treated with respect and dignity.1

After that requirement, the women, who were asked an open ended question about their health needs, said that they would like clean water, sanitation, hygiene, and adequate medicines and supplies.

Kristy Kade, deputy executive director of the White Ribbon Alliance, a US based international coalition of organisations aimed at decreasing maternal and newborn mortality, and co-chair of the What Women Want campaign, which conducted …
IL-27 promotes the expansion of self-renewing CD8+ T cells in persistent viral infection
Authors: Zhe Huang, Jaroslav Zak, Isaraphorn Pratumchai, Namir Shaabani, Vincent F. Vartabedian, Nhan Nguyen, Tuoqi Wu, Changchun Xiao, John R. Teijaro
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2019)

Chronic infection and cancer are associated with suppressed T cell responses in the presence of cognate antigen. Recent work identified memory-like CXCR5+ TCF1+ CD8+ T cells that sustain T cell responses during persistent infection and proliferate upon anti-PD1 treatment. Approaches to expand these cells are sought. We show that blockade of interferon type 1 (IFN-I) receptor leads to CXCR5+ CD8+ T cell expansion in an IL-27– and STAT1-dependent manner. IFNAR1 blockade promoted accelerated cell division and retention of TCF1 in virus-specific CD8+ T cells. We found that CD8+ T cell–intrinsic IL-27 signaling safeguards the ability of TCF1hi cells to maintain proliferation and avoid terminal differentiation or programmed cell death. Mechanistically, IL-27 endowed rapidly dividing cells with IRF1, a transcription factor that was required for sustained division in a cell-intrinsic manner. These findings reveal that IL-27 opposes IFN-I to uncouple effector differentiation from cell division and suggest that IL-27 signaling could be exploited to augment self-renewing T cells in chronic infections and cancer.
Metabolic Syndrome Exacerbates Pulmonary Hypertension due to Left Heart Disease
Authors: Benoît Ranchoux, Valérie Nadeau, Alice Bourgeois, Steeve Provencher, Éve Tremblay, Junichi Omura, Nancy Coté, Rami Abu-Alhayja’a, Valérie Dumais, Renato T. Nachbar, Lionel Tastet, Abdellaziz Dahou, Sandra Breuils-Bonnet, André Marette, Philippe Pibarot, Jocelyn Dupuis, Roxane Paulin, Olivier Boucherat, Stephen L. Archer, Sébastien Bonnet, François Potus
Journal: Circulation Research (2019)

Rationale: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to left heart disease (LHD), or group 2 PH, is the most prevalent form of PH worldwide. PH due to LHD is often associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). In 12% to 13% of cases, patients with PH due to LHD display vascular remodeling of pulmonary arteries (PAs) associated with poor prognosis. Unfortunately, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown; PH-targeted therapies for this group are nonexistent, and the development of a new preclinical model is crucial. Among the numerous pathways dysregulated in MetS, inflammation plays also a critical role in both PH and vascular remodeling. Objective: We hypothesized that MetS and inflammation may trigger the development of vascular remodeling in group 2 PH. Methods and Results: Using supracoronary aortic banding, we induced diastolic dysfunction in rats. Then we induced MetS by a combination of high-fat diet and olanzapine treatment. We used metformin treatment and anti–IL-6 (interleukin-6) antibodies to inhibit the IL-6 pathway. Compared with sham conditions, only supracoronary aortic banding+MetS rats developed precapillary PH, as measured by both echocardiography and right/left heart catheterization. PH in supracoronary aortic banding+MetS was associated with macrophage accumulation and increased IL-6 production in lung. PH was also associated with STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) activation and increased proliferation of PA smooth muscle cells, which contributes to remodeling of distal PA. We reported macrophage accumulation, increased IL-6 levels, and STAT3 activation in the lung of group 2 PH patients. In vitro, IL-6 activates STAT3 and induces human PA smooth muscle cell proliferation. Metformin treatment decreased inflammation, IL-6 levels, STAT3 activation, and human PA smooth muscle cell proliferation. In vivo, in the supracoronary aortic banding+MetS animals, reducing IL-6, either by anti–IL-6 antibody or metformin treatment, reversed pulmonary vascular remodeling and improve PH due to LHD. Conclusions: We developed a new preclinical model of group 2 PH by combining MetS with LHD. We showed that MetS exacerbates group 2 PH. We provided evidence for the importance of the IL-6–STAT3 pathway in our experimental model of group 2 PH and human patients.
Alternatives to Intention-to-Treat Analyses—Reply
Authors: David L. DeMets, Thomas D. Cook
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 10398: Vorapaxar in Patients With Diabetes and Prior MI: Findings From the TRA 2P - TIMI 50 Trial
Authors: Matthew A Cavender, Benjamin Scirica, Marc P Bonaca, Joao Morais, Ton Oude Ophius, Tony Dalby, Sabina Murphy, Eugene Braunwald, David Morrow
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Vorapaxar reduces cardiovascular death (CVD), myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke in patients with prior MI. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at particularly high risk of recu...
Key mechanisms by which post-ICU activities can improve in-ICU care: results of the international THRIVE collaboratives
Authors: Kimberley J. Haines, Carla M. Sevin, Elizabeth Hibbert, Leanne M. Boehm, Krishna Aparanji, Rita N. Bakhru, Anthony J. Bastin, Sarah J. Beesley, Brad W. Butcher, Kelly Drumright, Tammy L. Eaton, Thomas Farley, Penelope Firshman, Andrew Fritschle, Clare Holdsworth, Aluko A. Hope, Annie Johnson, Michael T. Kenes, Babar A. Khan, Janet A. Kloos, Erin K. Kross, Belinda J. MacLeod-Smith, Pamela Mactavish, Joel Meyer, Ashley Montgomery-Yates, Tara Quasim, Howard L. Saft, Andrew Slack, Joanna Stollings, Gerald Weinhouse, Jessica Whitten, Giora Netzer, Ramona O. Hopkins, Mark E. Mikkelsen, Theodore J. Iwashyna, Joanne McPeake
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2019)

To identify the key mechanisms that clinicians perceive improve care in the intensive care unit (ICU), as a result of their involvement in post-ICU programs.Qualitative inquiry via focus groups and interviews with members of the Society of Critical Care Medicine's THRIVE collaborative sites (follow-up clinics and peer support). Framework analysis was used to synthesize and interpret the data.Five key mechanisms were identified as drivers of improvement back into the ICU: (1) identifying otherwise unseen targets for ICU quality improvement or education programs-new ideas for quality improvement were generated and greater attention paid to detail in clinical care. (2) Creating a new role for survivors in the ICU-former patients and family members adopted an advocacy or peer volunteer role. (3) Inviting critical care providers to the post-ICU program to educate, sensitize, and motivate them-clinician peers and trainees were invited to attend as a helpful learning strategy to gain insights into post-ICU care requirements. (4) Changing clinician's own understanding of patient experience-there appeared to be a direct individual benefit from working in post-ICU programs. (5) Improving morale and meaningfulness of ICU work-this was achieved by closing the feedback loop to ICU clinicians regarding patient and family outcomes.The follow-up of patients and families in post-ICU care settings is perceived to improve care within the ICU via five key mechanisms. Further research is required in this novel area.
Durability of insulin degludec plus liraglutide versus insulin glargine U100 as initial injectable therapy in type 2 diabetes (DUAL VIII): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3b, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Vanita R Aroda, Guillermo González-Galvez, Randi Grøn, Natalie Halladin, Martin Haluzík, György Jermendy, Adri Kok, Petra Őrsy, Mohamed Sabbah, Giorgio Sesti, Robert Silver
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2019)
A Myocardial Bridge or Not?
Authors: Timothy D. Henry, Scott W. Sharkey, C. Noel Bairey Merz
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Repurposing benzbromarone for pulmonary arterial hypertension: can channelling the past deliver the therapy of the future?
Authors: Anne L. Theilmann, Mark L. Ormiston
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

<b>A new study identifies increases in the calcium activated chloride channel, TMEM16A, in the pulmonary arteries of IPAH patients and proposes the repurposing of benzbromarone, a non-specific inhibitor of the channel, as a novel therapy for the disease</b>http://bit.ly/2ITN4ul
Efficacy of mepolizumab in patients with previous omalizumab treatment failure: Real‐life observation
Authors: Diego Bagnasco, Francesco Menzella, Marco Caminati, Cristiano Caruso, Giuseppe Guida, Marco Bonavia, Annamaria Riccio, Manlio Milanese, Andrea Manfredi, Gianenrico Senna, Giovanni Passalacqua
Journal: Allergy (2019)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Abstract 14728: Hyperventilation During Pediatric CPR: Does an Advanced Airway Hurt or Help? A Video-based Analysis
Authors: Ting-Chang Hsieh, Sage Myers, Vinay Nadkarni, Aaron Donoghue
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Hyperventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is common, particularly in pediatric CPR. Adult studies have shown that hyperventilation is more prevalent during CPR with ...
ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Birgit Vogel, Bimmer E. Claessen, Suzanne V. Arnold, Danny Chan, David J. Cohen, Evangelos Giannitsis, C. Michael Gibson, Shinya Goto, Hugo A. Katus, Mathieu Kerneis, Takeshi Kimura, Vijay Kunadian, Duane S. Pinto, Hiroki Shiomi, John A. Spertus, P. Gabriel Steg, Roxana Mehran
Journal: Nature Reviews Disease Primers (2019)
Validation and reliability of CLEQoL
Authors: M.E. Ogunsanya, S.K. Cho, A. Hudson, B.F. Chong
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

The term ‘lupus erythematosus’ refers to a range of related disorders, and types of lupus affecting the skin are collectively known as cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). CLE can cause several different types of rashes. Many of these are often seen in areas of the body that are exposed to the sun. CLE patients can suffer from fatigue, pain, scarring, hair loss, and even sensitivity to the sun, all of which have been shown to negatively affect quality of life (QoL). Because of how subjective most of these symptoms are, it is important to use appropriate measures that can adequately examine the QoL in patients. Therefore, this study, from the U.S.A., aimed to demonstrate the ‘reliability’ and ‘validity’ of the cutaneous lupus erythematosus quality of life (CLEQoL) measure, which is a tool that allows patients to describe how CLE affects their QoL. Reliability means that if you take the same test multiple times, you should get roughly the same results every time, while validity broadly means that the test measures what it's supposed to. The CLEQoL was found to have sufficient reliability and validity in assessing the QoL in patients with CLE. Our findings show that CLEQoL is a practical and useful tool in examining QoL in CLE patients and could be considered for use in future drug development and clinical trials, as well as in clinical practice for routine monitoring of patients’ well‐being.
Ending the neglect of global oral health: time for radical action
Authors: Richard G Watt, Blánaid Daly, Paul Allison, Lorna M D Macpherson, Renato Venturelli, Stefan Listl, Robert J Weyant, Manu R Mathur, Carol C Guarnizo-Herreño, Roger Keller Celeste, Marco A Peres, Cristin Kearns, Habib Benzian
Journal: The Lancet (2019)
In support of mitochondrial replacement therapy
Authors: Eli Y. Adashi, Arthur L. Caplan, Alexander Capron, Audrey R. Chapman, Mildred Cho, Ellen Wright Clayton, I. Glenn Cohen, Robert Cook-Deegan, Ruth R. Faden, Theodore Friedmann, Lawrence O. Gostin, Henry T. Greely, Josephine Johnston, Eric Juengst, Patricia A. King, Lori P. Knowles, Anne Drapkin Lyerly, Amy L. McGuire, Jonathan D. Moreno, Karen Rothenberg, Robert D. Truog, LeRoy Walters
Journal: Nature Medicine (2019)
Incidental Detection of Splenic Hemangioma on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT
Authors: Kevin Sheng, Ken Le, Chuong Bui, Robert Mansberg
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

Abstract A 73-year-old man underwent a 68 Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC 11 PET/CT for evaluation of rising PSA in the context of previous radical retropubic prostatectomy and salvage radiotherapy for prostatic adenocarcinoma. There was no definite PSMA avid recurrence in the prostatic bed. Intense PSMA avid uptake was seen in the anterior aspect of the spleen. Further characterization with multiplanar multisequence pre- and post-IV contrast MRI of the upper abdomen with arterial, portal venous, and delayed phase acquisitions revealed a lesion with appearances consistent with a splenic hemangioma.
Association of Antiviral Therapy With Risk of Parkinson Disease in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Wey-Yil Lin, Ming-Shyan Lin, Yi-Hsin Weng, Tu-Hsueh Yeh, Yu-Sheng Lin, Po-Yu Fong, Yih-Ru Wu, Chin-Song Lu, Rou-Shayn Chen, Ying-Zu Huang
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2019)

Epidemiologic evidence suggests that hepatitis C virus (HCV) could be a risk factor for Parkinson disease (PD), but treatment for HCV infection has never been considered in these studies; hence, the association between antiviral therapy and PD incidence has remained unclear. Understanding this association may help in developing strategies to reduce PD occurrence.To identify the risk of PD development in patients with HCV infection receiving antiviral treatment and in patients not receiving this treatment.This cohort study obtained claims data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Adult patients with a new HCV diagnosis with or without hepatitis per International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes and anti-PD medications from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2013, were selected for inclusion. After excluding participants not eligible for analysis, the remaining patients (n = 188 152) were categorized into treated and untreated groups according to whether they received antiviral therapy. Propensity score matching was performed to balance the covariates across groups for comparison of main outcomes. This study was conducted from July 1, 2017, to December 31, 2017.Development of PD was the main outcome. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to compare the risk of PD, and the hazard ratio (HR) was calculated at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years after the index date and at the end of the cohort.A total of 188 152 patients were included in the analysis. An equal number (n = 39 936) and comparable characteristics of participants were retained in the treated group (with 17 970 female [45.0%] and a mean [SD] age of 52.8 [11.4] years) and untreated group (with 17 725 female [44.4%] and a mean [SD] age of 52.5 [12.9] years) after matching. The incidence density of PD was 1.00 (95% CI, 0.85-1.15) in the treated group and 1.39 (95% CI, 1.21-1.57) per 1000 person-years in the untreated group. The advantage of antiviral therapy reached statistical significance at the 5-year follow-up (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.59-0.96), and this advantage continued to increase until the end of follow-up (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.58-0.87).Evidence suggested that the PD incidence was lower in patients with chronic HCV infection who received interferon-based antiviral therapy; this finding may support the hypothesis that HCV could be a risk factor for PD.
Abstract 20854: A Tale of Self-Fulfilling Prophecies in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Emergency Medical Technicians Deliberately Perform Substandard CPR When Anticipating Poor Prognosis
Authors: Henrik Bødtker, Troels M Klausen, Kasper G Lauridsen, Andre’ Jæger, Martin B Mortensen, Bo Løfgren
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) play a crucial role in resuscitating patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Perception of prognosis may affect level and quality of treatment...
Abstract 16680: Exosomes From Induced Vascular Progenitor Cells a Novel Strategy to Promote Angiogenesis
Authors: Takerra K Johnson, Lina Zhao, Dihan Zhu, Xin Dai, Liya Yin, Dong Liu
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Ischemic heart disease is the most common type of heart disease in adults, leading to myocardial ischemia, infarction, and subsequent heart failure. Although notable medical intervention strategies...