tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Overall and Comorbidity-Free Life Expectancy Between Insured Adults With and Without HIV Infection, 2000-2016
Authors: Julia L. Marcus, Wendy A. Leyden, Stacey E. Alexeeff, Alexandra N. Anderson, Rulin C. Hechter, Haihong Hu, Jennifer O. Lam, William J. Towner, Qing Yuan, Michael A. Horberg, Michael J. Silverberg
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved life expectancy for individuals with HIV infection, but recent data comparing life span and comorbidity-free years by HIV status are lacking. <h3>Objective</h3> To quantify the gap in life span and comorbidity-free years by HIV status among adults with access to care. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This matched cohort study used data from insured adults with and without HIV infection (aged ≥21 years) matched 1:10 at medical centers of Kaiser Permanente in northern and southern California and the mid-Atlantic states of Washington DC, Maryland, and Virginia from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2016. Data were analyzed from September 1, 2019, through March 31, 2020. <h3>Exposures</h3> HIV status and, for individuals with HIV infection, ART initiation at a CD4 cell count of 500/μL or greater. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Overall life expectancy and expected years free of major chronic comorbidities, including chronic liver disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic lung disease, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. <h3>Results</h3> Of 39 000 individuals with HIV infection and 387 785 matched uninfected adults, 374 421 (87.7%) were male, with a mean (SD) age of 41.4 (10.8) years. Among 359 244 individuals with known race/ethnicity, 90 177 (25.1%) were non-Hispanic black and 87 191 (24.3%) were Hispanic. From 2000 to 2003, overall life expectancy at age 21 years of age was 37.6 years among individuals with HIV infection and 59.7 years among uninfected adults, (difference, 22.1 years; 95% CI, 20.2-24.0 years). From 2014 to 2016, overall life expectancy at 21 years of age among individuals with HIV infection increased to 56.0 years compared with 65.1 years among uninfected adults (difference, 9.1 years; 95% CI, 7.9-10.2 years). During 2011 to 2016, individuals with HIV infection who initiated ART with a CD4 cell count of 500/μL or greater had a life expectancy at 21 years of age of 57.4 years compared with 64.2 years among uninfected adults (difference, 6.8 years; 95% CI, 5.0-8.5 years). From 2000 to 2003, the expected number of comorbidity-free years remaining at 21 years of age was 11.3 for individuals with HIV infection and 26.6 years for uninfected adults (difference, 15.3 years; 95% CI, 13.9-16.6 years). This difference in comorbidity-free years persisted over time but decreased to 9.5 years (95% CI, 7.7-11.2 years) for individuals with HIV infection who initiated ART at a CD4 cell count of 500/μL or greater. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> The results suggest that life expectancy of adults with HIV infection may be near that of life expectancy of individuals without HIV infection, but greater attention is needed to prevention of comorbidities among individuals with HIV infection.
Abstract 16627: Predictors of Response to Exercise Training in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Matthew Kolevar, Jennifer Bragg-Gresham, Whitney Hornsby, Adam S Helms, Sharlene M Day, Sara Saberi
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: RESET-HCM was a randomized clinical trial of 16 weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training (ExT) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Compared with usual activity (UA), ExT resulted in a modest but significant 6% improvement in mean peak oxygen consumption (VO 2peak ), the best measure of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Studies of heart failure populations have shown that ≥15% improvement in VO 2peak can be achieved with ExT. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that intervention-, disease-, and patient-specific factors differentially influence VO 2peak response to ExT. Methods: Data from 113 subjects were analyzed. Those who achieved ≥ 15% improvement in VO 2peak in response to ExT were categorized as high responders (HR), while low responders (LR) were those who did not. Baseline characteristics and activity log data were compared between HR and LR. Logistic regression investigated associations between VO 2peak response and these measures. Results: Twenty-two subjects were HR (16/57 [28.1%] in the ExT group vs. 6/56 [10.7%] in the UA group, p=0.02). HR had fewer comorbidities such as hypertension (9.1% vs 26.4%, p=0.03) and diabetes mellitus (0% vs 7.7%, p=0.01). Ejection fraction (EF) was lower among HR than LR (68.6% vs 71%, p=0.02), but other measures of cardiac remodeling, including hypertrophy and fibrosis burden, resting left ventricular outflow obstruction, and diastolic function did not differ. HR had lower baseline VO 2peak (18.4 vs 22.6 mL/kg/min, p=0.01). Although adherence to the frequency element of exercise prescriptions decreased over time in both groups, HR were 25% more adherent (p=0.02), exercising an average of 1 more day per week (3.8 vs 2.8, p=0.02). On multivariate analysis, baseline VO 2peak (OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.68-0.92) and EF (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.74-0.98) were independent predictors of ≥15% improvement in VO 2peak after adjustment for age and sex. Higher exercise frequency (OR: 1.37; 95% CI: 0.97-1.95) was also an important factor. Conclusions: Higher exercise frequency, lower CRF at baseline, and lower EF predicted a greater magnitude of response to moderate intensity ExT in HCM patients. Future studies will be necessary to make the response to ExT more uniform across a heterogeneous group of HCM patients.
The optimal imaging test for diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism: a second chance for lung scintigraphy?
Authors: Stavros V. Konstantinides
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

<b>Ventilation–perfusion scintigraphy may continue to be the first-line diagnostic method for pulmonary embolism in institutions that can ensure its uninterrupted availability and the expertise in its interpretation</b>https://bit.ly/2y3Dlhx
Mechanisms of Fluid and Electrolyte Retention in Experimental Preparations in Dogs
Authors: JAMES O. DAVIS, DAVID S. HOWELL
Journal: Circulation Research (1953)

Cardiovascular and renal hemodynamic function, nitrogen, electrolyte, and water balances, and circulating eosinophils have been studied before and during the formation of ascites produced by thoracic inferior caval constriction. The data show a striking decrease in the renal and fecal excretion of sodium (Na) and an elevation in fecal potassium (K) output. An analysis of possible factors which might effect the reduction in renal Na excretion demonstrates that neither a low cardiac output nor a depressed glomerular filtration rate is the primary factor.
SAT0636-HPR PATIENT EXPERIENCE WITH THE PRESCRIPTION, INFORMATION AND USE OF METHOTREXATE
Authors: T. Oton, L. Carmona, J. L. Andréu Sánchez
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is currently a mainstream drug in the treatment of rheumatic diseases. However, the response to MTX is not universal and may be conditioned by a number of factors, among which adherence could be crucial. Objectives: The aim of this study is to explore adherence to MTX in patients with rheumatic diseases, facilitators and perceived when taking and maintaining the prescription. Methods: A qualitative study of content analysis was performed. Focus groups with patients taking either oral or subcutaneous MTX (being the main or coadjuvant treatment) for any rheumatic disease was performed. The groups were moderated by a rheumatologist that was unknown for the patients. The speech was recorded and transcribed. Subsequently, an inductive coding was performed with the help of Atlas.ti and main themes and sub-themes were extracted, with examples of verbatim anonymized speech. Results: Three focus groups were conducted, with a total of 12 participants, of whom eight were women, seven had rheumatoid arthritis, three had psoriatic arthritis, one had spondyloarthritis, and one had systemic lupus erythematosus. All patients reported an adequate adherence to treatment. The barriers identified were: information in the leaflet, technical language in the consults, difficult access to doctor´s appointment, social environment, side effects and the subcutaneous device. As facilitators, the following aspects were discussed: good predisposition of the physician, reliable graphic information, role of associations and partners support. The unmet needs detected were: problems with travelling, protocols for eventualities, absence of a plan of care, neglection of “non-physical” symptoms, disinformation on side effects and training in complementary aspects. Conclusion: Getting reliable information was the main barrier identified. The environment and side effects may also negatively impact on adherence. Shared decision making is a goal to be achieved in the future in these patients. Disclosure of Interests: Teresa Oton Consultant of: Novartis Farmaceutica, SA, Pfizer, S.L.U., Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme España, S.A., Roche Farma, S.A, Sanofi Aventis, AbbVie Spain, S.L.U., and Laboratorios Gebro Pharma, SA (All trhough institution), Loreto Carmona Grant/research support from: Novartis Farmaceutica, SA, Pfizer, S.L.U., Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme España, S.A., Roche Farma, S.A, Sanofi Aventis, AbbVie Spain, S.L.U., and Laboratorios Gebro Pharma, SA (All trhough institution), José Luis Andréu Sánchez: None declared
AB0891 BARE TO THE BONE - AN AUDIT OF RENAL BONE DISEASE AGAINST KDIGO GUIDELINES
Authors: N. Cernovschi, S. Zeb, T. Salter, M. Lloyd
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is complex and management can be difficult. We aimed to compare management of our CKD patients to 2018 KDIGO guidelines. The guidelines suggest checking calcium and phosphate (Ca/PO4) within 12 mths in CKD 3a and 3b, within 6 mths for CKD 4, and within 3 mths for CKD 5. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) should be checked at baseline in CKD 3a-b, within 12 mths in CKD 4 and within 6mths in CKD 5. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) should be measured within 12 mths in CKD 4 and 5. 25-(OH)D levels ‘might’ be measured at baseline in CKD 3a to 5D. BMD scanning is suggested if the result will impact treatment decisions. Lateral abdominal X ray is recommended as an alternative to CT for detection of vascular calcification. Calcitriol and vitamin D analogues are no longer routinely advised in CKD 3a-5; 25-(OH)D insufficiency should be corrected as in the normal population. Objectives: To compare management of our CKD patients to 2018 KDIGO guidelines Methods: We randomly selected 70 patients in whom data was available from renal clinics between May and September 2019. Results: Mean age was 67.3 yrs. 41 male, 29 female. 33 patients had CKD 3a-b; 31 had CKD 4; 6 had CKD 5. Mean duration of CKD was 10.6 yrs. 10 patients were taking activated vitamin D analogues; 13 were taking 25-(OH)D analogues. 25-(OH)D levels ranged from 24-158 nmol/L (mean 65nmol/L). PTH levels ranged from 2- 69pmol/L (mean 23pmol/L). 3 patients were taking bisphosphonates. 44 had previous lumbar spinal imaging; vertebral fractures were evident in 4 (9%). 12 patients had had DXA scans; lowest T score was -2.5. Table 1 - tests within suggested time frames: CKD 3a-3b CKD 4 CKD 5 Ca/ PO4 33 (100%) 29 (93%) 6 (100%) ALP 33 (100%) 31 (100%) 6 (100%) PTH 14 (42%) (ever) 8 (26%) 3 (50%) 25-(OH)D 8 (24%) (ever) 8 (26%) (ever) 1 (14%)(ever) Conclusion: Optimum PTH levels in CKD patients are not known, and therapeutic options in CKD-MBD often limited. Nevertheless, our results suggest that bone biochemistry could be checked more consistently in CKD patients. Although detection of vascular calcification may not alter renal management, abdominal imaging provides an opportunity to screen for vertebral fracture, present in a significant number of our patients. The KDIGO guidelines offer a framework to work with our renal colleagues, as many patients will be jointly managed. References: [1]Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney [2]Disease–Mineral and Bone Disorder: Synopsis of the Kidney Disease: [3]Improving Global Outcomes 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline Update. Ann Int Med 2018 Disclosure of Interests: NATALIA CERNOVSCHI: None declared, SHABEENA ZEB: None declared, TRACEY SALTER: None declared, MARK LLOYD Speakers bureau: £700 into department fund
AB0703 WHICH OF THE ASDAS OR BASDAI CORRELATES BETTER WITH PHYSICIAN GLOBAL ASSESSMENT?
Authors: K. Maatallah, W. Triki, H. Ferjani, D. Kaffel, W. Hamdi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity score (ASDAS) was developed because of the limitations of Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Index (BASDAI) of being totally patient-derived with limited face and construct validity. ASDAS includes inflammatory markers that were aimed to increase its face validity by representing a different ‘objective’ domain of disease activity that was not included in BASDAI. Objectives: The aim of our study was to compare correlation of ASDAS and BASDAI with physician global assessment (PhGA) in order to know which is more reliable. Methods: Cross-sectional study including patients with SpA according to the ASAS criteria of 2009 and/or New York modified criteria. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and the C-reactive protein (crp) were measured. The disease activity was assessed by BASDAI and ASDAS. Physician global assessment (PhGA) was rated by 0–100 numeric score. We correlated disease activity indices with physician global assessment by Pearson coefficient. Results: A total of 110 patients (68 men and 42 women) with a mean age of 43.18 ±12.34 [19-79] years was collected. The mean disease duration was 5.99±2.31 [1-10] years. The mean ESR and CRP were respectively 28.41±21.51 [2-110] and 15.56 ±23.84 [0-153] mg/l. ESR was correlated with PhGA (p=0.06, r=0.300), however CRP was not correlated with PhGA (p=0.134, r=0.165). The mean ASDAS-ESR and ASDAS-CRP were respectively 2.93±1.05 [0.83-5.65] and 2.81±0.97 [0.29-4.77]. The mean BASDAI was 4.42±2.23 [0-9.2]. The mean PhGA was 5.43 ±2.31 [1-10]. The BASDAI correlated with PhGA (p=0.007, r=0.307). In addition, ASDAS-ESR and ASDAS-CRP correlated with PhGA (p=0.001, r=0.372, p=0.001, r=0.391) respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion both BASDAI and ASDAS are equal, with a superiority nonetheless for the ASDAS since it correlated stronger with PhGA. Acknowledgments: None Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Genome Assembly and Pathway Analysis of Edible Mushroom <i>Agrocybe Cylindracea</i>
Authors: Yuan Liang, Dengxue Lu, Sen Wang, Yuhui Zhao, Shenghan Gao, Rongbing Han, Jun Yu, Weili Zheng, Jianing Geng, Songnian Hu
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2020)

Agrocybe cylindracea, an edible mushroom, is widely cultivated for its abundance of nutrients and flavor, and many of its metabolites are reported to have beneficial roles, such as medicinal effects on tumors and chronical illnesses. However, the lack of genomic information has hindered further molecular studies on this fungus. Here, we present a genome assembly of A. cylindracea together with comparative genomics and pathway analyses of Agaricales species. The draft, generated from both next-generation sequencing (NGS) and single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing platforms to overcome high genetic heterozygosity, is composed of a 56.5 Mb sequence and 15,384 predicted genes. This mushroom possesses a complex reproductive system, including tetrapolar heterothallic and secondary homothallic mechanisms, and harbors several hydrolases and peptidases for gradual and effective degradation of various carbon sources. Our pathway analysis reveals complex processes involved in the biosynthesis of polysaccharides and other active substances, including B vitamins, unsaturated fatty acids, and N-acetylglucosamine. RNA-seq data show that A. cylindracea stipes tend to synthesize carbohydrate for carbon sequestration and energy storage, whereas pilei are more active in carbon utilization and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. These results reflect diverse functions of the two anatomical structures of the fruiting body. Our comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic data, as well as preliminary comparative analyses, provide insights into the molecular details of the medicinal effects in terms of active compounds and nutrient components.
選択的CDK4/CDK6阻害による早期G 1 停止の延長はIRF4の細胞周期共役喪失を通じて骨髄腫細胞を細胞毒性殺傷に感作する
Authors: Huang Xiangao, DI Liberto Maurizio, Jayabalan David, Liang Jun, Ely Scott, Bretz Jamieson, Shaffer Arthur L., Louie Tracey, Chen Isan, Randolph Sophia, C Hahn William, M Staudt Louis, Niesvizky Ruben, A S Moore Malcolm, Chen-Kiang Selina
Journal: Blood (2012)
Digital crowdsourcing: unleashing its power in rheumatology
Authors: Martin Krusche, Gerd R Burmester, Johannes Knitza
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

The COVID-19 pandemic forces the whole rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases community to reassemble established treatment and research standards. Digital crowdsourcing is a key tool in this pandemic to create and distil desperately needed clinical evidence and exchange of knowledge for patients and physicians alike. This viewpoint explains the concept of digital crowdsourcing and discusses examples and opportunities in rheumatology. First experiences of digital crowdsourcing in rheumatology show transparent, accessible, accelerated research results empowering patients and rheumatologists.
Abstract A35: Diagnostic performance and timing of post-treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT for head and neck cancer surveillance: A meta-analysis of reported studies
Authors: Erin T. Wong, Adam A. Dmytriw, Eugene Yu, John Waldron, Rouhi Fazelzad, John de Almeida, Patrick Veit-Haibach, Brian O’Sullivan, Wei Xu, Shao Hui Huang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Purpose: The aims of this meta-analysis are to evaluate the diagnostic performance and to explore the optimal timing of post-treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT for HNSCC. Methods: January 2010 to August 2016 was the range for study selection. Subgroup analyses were performed for local/regional failure stratified by treatment-to-scan time interval of ≤3 vs. &amp;gt;3 months. Results: Twenty-four studies (2,256 patients) were included. Compared to ≤3 months, 18F-FDG PET/CT performed &amp;gt;3 months showed significantly improved sensitivity (87% vs. 60%, p=0.020) and specificity (93% vs. 84%, p&amp;lt;0.001) for identifying local failure and marginally improved sensitivity for regional failure (79% vs. 56%, p=0.100). The specificity for regional failure was equally high for &amp;gt;3 months vs. ≤3 months (95% vs. 97%, p=0.35). Conclusions: This meta-analysis showed high NPV but modest PPV for post-treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT for local and regional failure. Sensitivity is improved if performed &amp;gt;3 months for local failure and marginally improved for regional failure. Citation Format: Erin T. Wong, Adam A. Dmytriw, Eugene Yu, John Waldron, Rouhi Fazelzad, John de Almeida, Patrick Veit-Haibach, Brian O’Sullivan, Wei Xu, Shao Hui Huang. Diagnostic performance and timing of post-treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT for head and neck cancer surveillance: A meta-analysis of reported studies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-AHNS Head and Neck Cancer Conference: Optimizing Survival and Quality of Life through Basic, Clinical, and Translational Research; 2019 Apr 29-30; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(12_Suppl_2):Abstract nr A35.
Abstract 14359: Isolated Systolic Hypertension and the New Guidelines: A Unique Relationship Between Systolic Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
Authors: Maria Carolina Delgado-Lelievre, Jeffrey J Goldberger
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: In prior study, we demonstrated an inverse relationship between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) in patients with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH). This study exp...
Abstract 06: Streamlining data management for clinical trials
Authors: Brook Norris, Lauren Neighbors, Lucas Wale
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract The purpose of this study is to answer the FDA’s call to action for new research paradigms that rely on real-world data (RWD) to increase the efficiency of clinical trials and to conduct research using an approach that is less disruptive to the patient-provider clinical care setting. With the expansion of electronic health record (EHR) vendor structured data models, clinical study data can be directly captured using the patient’s EHR data as documented in the health care organization’s (HCOs) electronic medical record (EMR) system(s) and other electronic data sources (eSources). In partnership with HCOs, the Optum Digital Research Network is conducting a pilot to enable effective RWD extraction, normalization, and transcription from EMRs and other eSource to a read-only electronic data capture (EDC) system, effectively eliminating the need for duplicative data entry during the study. Optum is developing custom database queries to extract structured EMR data (including demographics, medications, labs, vitals, and encounters) from the respective domains of each EMR into a staging database. The raw data are then curated, normalized, and mapped into a common data model study database. In this case, the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) data standard is employed as the clinical data management (CDM) model. The curated data are then mapped to Clinical Data Acquisition Standards Harmonization (CDASH) variables and transmitted to an EDC system using the EDC vendor’s application programming interface (API). The entire process is scheduled on a daily cadence (removing any duplicate data) to capture any updated visit information, medications, labs, or vitals. The EDC form fields are read-only. If there is a discrepancy or query, sites are notified requesting to confirm or correct their EHR data, which may result in an update to the respective read-only EDC form fields. Through this pilot project, Optum’s successful transfer of structured EMR data to a read-only EDC system has substantial implications for clinical research. Using data and technology, this methodology is projected to improve the efficiency (and lower costs) of clinical trials while minimizing the burden on HCOs. Citation Format: Brook Norris, Lauren Neighbors, Lucas Wale. Streamlining data management for clinical trials [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advancing Precision Medicine Drug Development: Incorporation of Real-World Data and Other Novel Strategies; Jan 9-12, 2020; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(12_Suppl_1):Abstract nr 06.