tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
L'ingestion de corps étrangers chez l'adulte: à propos de 72 cas
Authors: Y Thiyfa, H Ismail, M Tahiri Joutei Hassani, F Haddad, W Hliwa, A Bellabah, W Badre
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

L'ingestion de corps étrangers (CE) accidentelle ou volontaire est une situation fréquente et multifactorielle, souvent en milieu carcéral et psychiatrique. Les CE ingérés peuvent être dangereux par leur localisation ou leur nature, ce qui rend leur extraction endoscopique parfois urgente. Le but de notre travail est d'évaluer le taux de succès d'extraction des corps étrangers ainsi que les moyens utilisés.
Changes to Model Assumptions of the Cost-effectiveness of Durvalumab Therapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer—In Reply
Authors: Steven D. Criss, Meghan J. Mooradian, Chung Yin Kong
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

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A RARE PANCREATIC NEOPLASM...
Authors: M Bruno, F Maletta, S Gaia, P Cortegoso Valdivia, L Venezia, M Papotti, GM Saracco, CG De Angelis
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

In 2014 a 44 years-old lady underwent transabdominal US for mild crampy abdominal pain and loose stools (eventually attributed to IBS). A 1.5 cm lesion in the uncinate process of the pancreas was detected (confirmed by CT). Then she was referred for EUS-FNA. A 13 × 11 mm hypoechoic mass was detected. FNA was performed with a 25G needle (4 passes). Cytology revealed sheets and bundles of spindle cells and immunohistochemistry led to the diagnosis of pancreatic schwannoma (negative staining for desmin, actin, DOG-1 and CD117 and positive for S100) with a low proliferation index (ki67 < 1%). Schwannomas are rare mesenchymal tumors, their origin from the pancreas is exceedingly rare (only 70 cases in literature). Their diagnosis before surgery is difficult, only 17 patients underwent EUS-FNA and the diagnosis could be reached in only 9 cases. To our knowledge, follow-up has been proposed to only 1 patient but the lesion grew up after a 11-month follow-up. After collegial consultation follow-up was proposed to our patient, relying to abdominal US. Four years have passed: the lesion is unchanged and the patient is asymptomatic. We think that a wait-and-see strategy may be proposed for pancreatic schwannomas, provided they are small, stable in size, with a low proliferation index, well-defined margins and without the need for excessive radiation exposure.
Effects of Nicotinamide and Lanthanum Carbonate on Serum Phosphate and Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 in CKD: The COMBINE Trial
Authors: Joachim H. Ix, Tamara Isakova, Brett Larive, Kalani L. Raphael, Dominic S. Raj, Alfred K. Cheung, Stuart M. Sprague, Linda F. Fried, Jennifer J. Gassman, John P. Middleton, Michael F. Flessner, Geoffrey A. Block, Myles Wolf
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2019)

Significance Statement Higher serum phosphate and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) levels are potential modifiable risk factors to prevent cardiovascular disease in CKD. Studies evaluating intestinal phosphate binders found modest efficacy for lowering phosphate and FGF23 levels during short-term follow-up in CKD. In their randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 205 participants with stage 3b/4 CKD, the authors evaluated the effects of nicotinamide (an inhibitor of active intestinal phosphate transport), the phosphate binder lanthanum carbonate, or both, versus placebo over 12 months. They found that neither drug, alone or together, reduced serum phosphate or FGF23. Participants taking lanthanum carbonate had reductions in urinary phosphate, however gastrointestinal symptoms limited adherence. Secondary on-treatment analyses suggest that blocking intestinal phosphate absorption may lower FGF23, suggesting potential opportunities for future studies using novel therapies with better tolerability. Background Higher serum phosphate and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) levels may be modifiable to prevent cardiovascular disease in CKD. Short-term studies have reported modest efficacy in phosphate and FGF23 reduction with intestinal phosphate binders in CKD. Methods To investigate effects of lanthanum carbonate (LC; a phosphate binder) and/or nicotinamide (NAM; an inhibitor of active intestinal phosphate transport) on serum phosphate and FGF23 in stage 3b/4 CKD, we conducted a randomized trial among individuals with eGFR 20–45 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 to NAM (750 mg twice daily) plus LC (1000 mg thrice daily), NAM plus LC placebo, LC plus NAM placebo, or double placebo for 12 months. Dual primary end points were change from baseline in serum phosphate and intact FGF23 concentrations. Results Mean eGFR for the 205 participants was 32ml/min per 1.73 m 2 . At baseline, serum phosphate was 3.7 mg/dl and median FGF23 was 99 pg/ml (10th, 90th percentiles: 59, 205). Mean rates of change in phosphate increased slightly over 12 months in all groups and did not differ significantly across arms. Similarly, percent changes in FGF23 per 12 months increased for all arms except LC plus placebo, and did not differ significantly across arms. Gastrointestinal symptoms limited adherence. Adverse events rates were similar across arms. Conclusions LC and/or NAM treatment did not significantly lower serum phosphate or FGF23 in stage 3b/4 CKD over 12 months. Although these agents appeared safe, intestinal symptoms limited adherence. Reducing phosphate and FGF23 in nondialysis CKD will require new approaches.
The role of misclassification of exposure in the association between aspirin and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug use and keratinocyte cancers: reply from the authors
Authors: N. Pandeya, C.M. Olsen, D.C. Whiteman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

Linked Article: Abtahi et al. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:649. Pandeya et al. Br J Dermatol 2019; DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17938.
Efficacy of trastuzumab-emtansina (T-DM1) in HER2-positive breast cancer (BC) with brain metastases (BM): A single institution experience
Authors: R. Martin Huertas, E. Lopez Miranda, E. Corral de la Fuente, J.J. Serrano Domingo, M. Fernandez Abad, N. Martinez, E.M. Guerra, A. Cortes Salgado, M. Gion Cortes, A. Carrato Mena
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: BM in HER2-positive BC patients are increasing, without agreement on the appropriate treatment of this subgroup. The disrupted blood-brain barrier in the setting of BM may allow the penetrance of T-DM1, with little evidence of its efficacy in this situation. Methods: HER2-positive BC patients treated with T-DM1 monotherapy at Ramon y Cajal Hospital (Madrid) from 2012 to 2017 were eligible. We differentiated patients without BM, stable BM (those with BM who had received local treatment for them and they were not in progression) and progressive BM (those who were in brain progression to a local treatment) at the beginning of T-DM1. We collected hormone receptors (HR) status, neoadjuvant treatment, number of previous treatments for metastatic BC, patients who received taxanes, pertuzumab or both, sites of metastatic disease, duration of T-DM1 and sites of progression. We analysed progression free survival (PFS) in total population and in both subgroups (patients with or without BM). Results: We identified 29 patients, 69% had positive HR, 45% had received neoadjuvant treatment and 55% had received 2 or more prior lines of treatment. Of total, 97% received taxanes and 38% received pertuzumab. Most patients had visceral disease. Patients received a median of 5 cycles of T-DM1, median duration of T-DM1 was 13 weeks and 4 remain on treatment at time of analysis. Before starting T-DM1, 28% had known BM (75% stable, the rest in progression). Only 10% of patients had cerebral progression during T-DM1. 19 patients had systemic progression during T-DM1, 2 of them with brain progression at same time, and 9 patients presented brain progression after finishing T-DM1. Median PFS was 21 months (m) in total population (confidence interval [CI] 95%: 12,58-28,94), 5 m in patients with BM (CI 95%: 3,88-6,50) and 24 m in those patients without BM when T-DM1 was started (CI 95%: 12,58-28,94). T-DM1 showed benefit in terms of PFS in patients without BM at the beginning of treatment in comparison with those with baseline BM (HR 0,297, p = 0,014). Conclusions: T-DM1 seems to be an effective therapeutic option in unselected HER2-positive BC patients with BM, but these findings require a prospective validation. Legal entity responsible for the study: Elena López Miranda, Roberto Martín Huertas. Funding: Roche Pharma. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Joint Maximum Likelihood of Phylogeny and Ancestral States Is Not Consistent
Authors: David A Shaw, Vu C Dinh, Frederick A Matsen
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2019)

Abstract Maximum likelihood estimation in phylogenetics requires a means of handling unknown ancestral states. Classical maximum likelihood averages over these unknown intermediate states, leading to provably consistent estimation of the topology and continuous model parameters. Recently, a computationally efficient approach has been proposed to jointly maximize over these unknown states and phylogenetic parameters. Although this method of joint maximum likelihood estimation can obtain estimates more quickly, its properties as an estimator are not yet clear. In this article, we show that this method of jointly estimating phylogenetic parameters along with ancestral states is not consistent in general. We find a sizeable region of parameter space that generates data on a four-taxon tree for which this joint method estimates the internal branch length to be exactly zero, even in the limit of infinite-length sequences. More generally, we show that this joint method only estimates branch lengths correctly on a set of measure zero. We show empirically that branch length estimates are systematically biased downward, even for short branches.
Abstract 20039: Functionally Competent iPS Derived Cardiomyocytes for Cardiac Repair
Authors: Ramaswamy Kannappan, James F Turner, Amanda G Rushdi, Jianyi Zhang
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Senescence can be delayed, but it is an inevitable fate of all cells and organisms. After continuous culturing and propagation, the cells are subjected to progressive telomere attriti...
64CuCl2 PET/CT in a Hyperfunctioning Parathyroid Gland
Authors: Laura Evangelista, Michele Trevisan, Matteo Sepulcri
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

We report a case of incidental CuCl2 uptake at PET/CT imaging in a 61-year-old man with a biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. Parathyroid hormone was slightly elevated (92.4 pg/mL; reference range, 18.4-80.1 pg/mL); serum calcium was in reference range (9.5 mg/dL; reference range, 8.6-10.6 mg/dL), whereas serum phosphate was slightly low (2.6 mg/dL; reference range, 2.7-4.5 mg/dL). This case highlights the ability of CuCl2, similar to radiolabeled choline, to identify the presence of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands in patients undergoing PET/CT examination.
High prevalence of colonisation with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae among patients admitted to Vietnamese hospitals: Risk factors and burden of disease
Authors: Dien M. Tran, Mattias Larsson, Linus Olson, Ngoc T.B. Hoang, Ngai K. Le, Dung T.K. Khu, Hung D. Nguyen, Tam V. Vu, Tinh H. Trinh, Thinh Q. Le, Phuong T.T. Phan, Binh G. Nguyen, Nhung H. Pham, Bang H. Mai, Tuan V. Nguyen, Phuong T.K. Nguyen, Nhan D. Le, Tuan M. Huynh, Le T. Anh Thu, Tran C. Thanh, Björn Berglund, Lennart E. Nilsson, Elin Bornefall, Le H. Song, Håkan Hanberger
Journal: Journal of Infection (2019)

<h2>Summary</h2><h3>Background</h3> Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is an increasing problem worldwide, but particularly problematic in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) due to limitations of resources for surveillance of CRE and infection prevention and control (IPC). <h3>Methods</h3> A point prevalence survey (PPS) with screening for colonisation with CRE was conducted on 2233 patients admitted to neonatal, paediatric and adult care at 12 Vietnamese hospitals located in northern, central and southern Vietnam during 2017 and 2018. CRE colonisation was determined by culturing of faecal specimens on selective agar for CRE. Risk factors for CRE colonisation were evaluated. A CRE admission and discharge screening sub-study was conducted among one of the most vulnerable patient groups; infants treated at an 80-bed Neonatal ICU from March throughout June 2017 to assess CRE acquisition, hospital-acquired infection (HAI) and treatment outcome. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 1165 (52%) patients were colonised with CRE, most commonly <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (<i>n</i> = 805), <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>n</i> = 682) and <i>Enterobacter</i> spp. (<i>n</i> = 61). Duration of hospital stay, HAI and treatment with a carbapenem were independent risk factors for CRE colonisation. The PPS showed that the prevalence of CRE colonisation increased on average 4.2% per day and mean CRE colonisation rates increased from 13% on the day of admission to 89% at day 15 of hospital stay. At the NICU, CRE colonisation increased from 32% at admission to 87% at discharge, mortality was significantly associated (OR 5·5, <i>P</i> < 0·01) with CRE colonisation and HAI on admission. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These data indicate that there is an epidemic spread of CRE in Vietnamese hospitals with rapid transmission to hospitalised patients.
Non-invasive and low-cost technique for early detection of clinically relevant breast lesions using a handheld point-of-care medical device (iBreast): Prospective three-arm triple-blinded comparative study for breast cancer screening in low resource setting countries
Authors: A. Kr
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: iBreast is an unique portable handheld non-invasive medical device which is developed in India to screen patients in rural and suburban areas. It employs a lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric cantilever sensor and can accurately detect abnormal areas by comparing the degree of deflection. Our tripled blinded study compares it with Clinical Breast Examination and Mammography and breast ultrasound. Methods: 1019 women visiting a tertiary Indian hospital, for annual health check were recruited. Each woman was examined by three independent methods, each blinded to the other two: iBreastExam (iBE), Clinical Breast Examination (CBE) by an expert clinician and Breast Imaging (mammography or breast ultrasound). Results: Out of 916 enrolled participants, 93 were confirmed by imaging to have at least one breast lesion. Clinical Breast Examination in comparison with imaging detected breast lesions with Sn = 65 %, Sp = 94 %, PPV = 52 %, NPV = 96 %, and iBreastExam reported Sn = 84 %, Sp = 94 %, PPV = 60 % and NPV = 98 %. In women below age 40 (314 participants), iBE detected breast lesions with Sn = 85 %, Sp = 93 %. All malignant lesions were identified by iBE, while one non-palpable malignant lesion was missed by clinician CBE. Conclusions: The point-of-care Breast Imaging device (iBreastExam) performed with significantly better sensitivity, by 19 %, than CBE to detect breast lesions while reporting high specificity (94 %) and NPV (98 %). In younger women population under the age of 40 years, where the prevalence of dense breast is high, iBreastExam demonstrated high-performance characteristics. iBreast- Exam detected all malignant lesions in this study, while the clinician's CBE missed to detect a non-palpable malignant lesion. iBreastExam can be a promising tool to provide clinically effective and standardized breast examinations in low-resource settings to detect breast lesions at early stages. The device can also be an effective screening tool for younger women with dense breasts. Legal entity responsible for the study: Manipal Coprehensive Cancer Center. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: The author has declared no conflicts of interest.
Patient-reported health problems and health care use after treatment for early breast cancer
Authors: K.M. de Ligt, M. Heins, J. Verloop, C.H. Smorenburg, J.C. Korevaar, S. Siesling
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Insight in late treatment-related health problems following from breast cancer treatment is useful in anticipating on the (informational) needs of patients during follow-up. This study aimed to identify treatment-related health problems in breast cancer patients up to five years after diagnosis. Second, use of care associated to these health problems was identified. Methods: 876 surgically treated female patients diagnosed with early stage breast cancer (between 2012-2016) were asked to complete an online survey about current health problems and use of care. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to determine the effect of patient and treatment characteristic on health problems. Results: 404 patients responded (46%). Median age was 62.0 years (SD: 10.9). Apart from breast surgery, patients were treated with radiotherapy (72%), chemotherapy (49%), anti-hormonal therapy (57%), and axillary dissection (21%). Ninety-three percent experienced one or more health problems. Over 50% of respondents experienced fatigue, psychological problems, and health problems regarding the breast, and/or musculoskeletal, central nervous, and reproductive system. Treatment with chemotherapy was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with an increased risk of health problems, respectively fatigue (OR:2.00), and respiratory (OR:1.81), gastrointestinal (OR:1.87), central nervous (OR:3.40), and skin problems (OR:2.62). Use of health care for one or more health problems was reported by 64% of respondents. Conclusions: Almost all patients experienced health problems up to five years after breast cancer diagnosis, with a range of complaints existing consistently present over time. Factors associated with the development of health problems are useful to better informing patients upfront and to target follow-up care. Legal entity responsible for the study: Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL). Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Cases in Precision Medicine: Genetic Assessment After a Sudden Cardiac Death in the Family
Authors: Ronald Laracuente, Marc Paul Waase, Isha Kalia, Arthur A.M. Wilde, Wendy K. Chung
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

Sudden death in a family is associated with serious anxiety among family members. Assessing the cause of death may help determine the risk for other family members, thus alleviating some anxiety. In some cases, the cause of death may be evident on autopsy; however, in cases of arrhythmias, standard autopsy will not reveal the cause of death. Evaluation of the circumstances of death, medical history of the deceased, and results of genetic testing may reveal a diagnosis. Once a diagnosis is made, relatives should receive genetic testing and clinical assessment to stratify their risk. Depending on their risk, various interventions are available, including medication, defibrillators, and lifestyle modifications.
Prevention of Cholestatic Liver Disease and Reduced Tumorigenicity in a Murine Model of PFIC Type 3 Using Hybrid AAV‐piggyBac Gene Therapy
Authors: Susan M. Siew, Sharon C. Cunningham, Erhua Zhu, Szun S. Tay, Elena Venuti, Christine Bolitho, Ian E. Alexander
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors are highly promising vehicles for liver-targeted gene transfer, with therapeutic efficacy demonstrated in preclinical models and clinical trials. Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC3), an inherited juvenile-onset, cholestatic liver disease caused by homozygous mutation of the ABCB4 gene, may be a promising candidate for rAAV-mediated liver-targeted gene therapy. The Abcb4-/- mice model of PFIC3, with juvenile mice developing progressive cholestatic liver injury due to impaired biliary phosphatidylcholine excretion, resulted in cirrhosis and liver malignancy. Using a conventional rAAV strategy, we observed markedly blunted rAAV transduction in adult Abcb4-/- mice with established liver disease, but not in disease-free, wild-type adults or in homozygous juveniles prior to liver disease onset. However, delivery of predominantly nonintegrating rAAV vectors to juvenile mice results in loss of persistent transgene expression due to hepatocyte proliferation in the growing liver. Conclusion: A hybrid vector system, combining the high transduction efficiency of rAAV with piggyBac transposase-mediated somatic integration, was developed to facilitate stable human ABCB4 expression in vivo and to correct juvenile-onset chronic liver disease in a murine model of PFIC3. A single dose of hybrid vector at birth led to life-long restoration of bile composition, prevention of biliary cirrhosis, and a substantial reduction in tumorigenesis. This powerful hybrid rAAV-piggyBac transposon vector strategy has the capacity to mediate lifelong phenotype correction and reduce the tumorigenicity of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 and, with further refinement, the potential for human clinical translation.
THE USE OF OVER-THE-SCOPE CLIP IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE ESOPHAGEAL VARICEAL BLEEDING
Authors: C Mangas-Sanjuan, M Bozhychko, B Martínez, L Compañy, FA Ruiz, J Martínez Sempere, JA Casellas, J Ramón Aparicio
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Esophageal bleeding control associated to portal hypertension (PHT) might be difficult using endoscopy band ligation (EBL) due to either collapse of the bleeding varix or scarring the mucosa due to fibrosis secondary to prior banding. The over-the-scope clip (OTSCs; Ovesco, Tübingen, Germany) has been reported to control non-variceal bleeding, but thereis scarce data about the use related to variceal bleeding (VB). So our aim is to describe our experience in terms of efficacy and safety with this novel method.
A dural-based spindle cell neoplasm characterized by a novel MN1-KMT2A fusion gene
Authors: Suzan Chen, Brendan C Dickson, Safraz Mohammed, Kenneth Aldape, David Swanson, Josee Coulombe, Nader Zakhari, Shirin Karimi, Farshad Nassiri, Gelareh Zadeh, Yasin Mamatjan, Tao Wang, Bryan Lo, John Woulfe
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)