tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatocellular carcinoma tumour volume doubling time: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Piyush Nathani, Purva Gopal, Nicole Rich, Adam Yopp, Takeshi Yokoo, Binu John, Jorge Marrero, Neehar Parikh, Amit G Singal
Journal: Gut (2020)

Background Tumour growth patterns have important implications for surveillance intervals, prognostication and treatment decisions but have not been well described for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of our study was to characterise HCC doubling time and identify correlates for indolent and rapid growth patterns. Methods We performed a systematic literature review of Medline and EMBASE databases from inception to December 2019 and national meeting abstracts from 2010 to 2018. We identified studies reporting HCC tumour growth or tumour volume doubling time (TVDT), without intervening treatment, and abstracted data to calculate TVDT and correlates of growth patterns (rapid defined as TVDT &lt;3 months and indolent as TVDT &gt;9 months). Pooled TVDT was calculated using a random-effects model. Results We identified 20 studies, including 1374 HCC lesions in 1334 patients. The pooled TVDT was 4.6 months (95% CI 3.9 to 5.3 months I 2 =94%), with 35% classified as rapid, 27.4% intermediate and 37.6% indolent growth. In subgroup analysis, studies from Asia reported shorter TVDT than studies elsewhere (4.1 vs 5.8 months). The most consistent correlates of rapid tumour growth included hepatitis B aetiology, smaller tumour size (continuous), alpha fetoprotein doubling time and poor tumour differentiation. Studies were limited by small sample sizes, measurement bias and selection bias. Conclusion TVDT of HCC is approximately 4–5 months; however, there is heterogeneity in tumour growth patterns, including more aggressive patterns in Asian hepatitis B-predominant populations. Identifying correlates of tumour growth patterns is important to better individualise HCC prognostication and treatment decisions.
Covid-19: Government must change course or risk further wave of infections, scientists warn
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The UK government must alter its current strategy for tackling covid-19 or face a further wave of infections and subsequent lockdowns, a report from an independent group of scientists has warned.

The report by the Independent SAGE,1 a new group set up and chaired by former chief scientific adviser David King, said that the government must shift its focus from managing to suppressing the virus by implementing a policy of testing, tracing, and isolating cases, which it has so far failed to do.

“Exit from the current lockdown must encompass a strategy of searching for the virus wherever it appears,” it said.

“We detect ambivalence in the government’s strategic response, with some advisers promoting the idea of simply ‘flattening the curve’ or ensuring the NHS is not overwhelmed. We find this attitude counterproductive and potentially dangerous. Without suppression, we shall inevitably see a more rapid …
Contribution of CTCF binding to transcriptional activity at the HOXA locus in NPM1-mutant AML cells
Authors: Reza Ghasemi, Heidi Struthers, Elisabeth R. Wilson, David H. Spencer
Journal: Leukemia (2020)

Transcriptional regulation of the HOXA genes is thought to involve CTCF-mediated chromatin loops and the opposing actions of the COMPASS and Polycomb epigenetic complexes. We investigated the role of these mechanisms at the HOXA cluster in AML cells with the common NPM1c mutation, which express both HOXA and HOXB genes. CTCF binding at the HOXA locus is conserved across primary AML samples, regardless of HOXA gene expression, and defines a continuous chromatin domain marked by COMPASS-associated histone H3 trimethylation in NPM1-mutant primary AML samples. Profiling of the three-dimensional chromatin architecture in primary AML samples with the NPM1c mutation identified chromatin loops between the HOXA cluster and loci in the SNX10 and SKAP2 genes, and an intergenic region located 1.4 Mbp upstream of the HOXA locus. Deletion of CTCF binding sites in the NPM1-mutant OCI-AML3 AML cell line reduced multiple long-range interactions, but resulted in CTCF-independent loops with sequences in SKAP2 that were marked by enhancer-associated histone modifications in primary AML samples. HOXA gene expression was maintained in CTCF binding site mutants, indicating that transcriptional activity at the HOXA locus in NPM1-mutant AML cells may be sustained through persistent interactions with SKAP2 enhancers, or by intrinsic factors within the HOXA gene cluster.
COMPARISON OF PERORAL ENDOSCOPIC MYOTOMY BETWEEN DE-NOVO ACHALASIA AND PRIOR TREATMENT FAILURE ACHALASIA
Authors: DS Noh, JY Cho
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has been recognized as an effective treatment for patients with achalasia. Prior treatment can affect the outcome of subsequent treatment. We aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of POEM in treatment-naive patients vs. those with prior treatment failure (PTF).
A digital health industry cohort across the health continuum
Authors: Adam B. Cohen, E. Ray Dorsey, Simon C. Mathews, David W. Bates, Kyan Safavi
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2020)

The digital health industry has grown rapidly in the past decade. There will be few future aspects of healthcare untouched by digital health. Thus, the current status of the industry, the implications of companies' directions and clinical focus, and their external funding are increasingly relevant to healthcare policy, regulation, research, and all healthcare stakeholders. Yet, little is known about the degree to which the digital health industry has focused on the key domains in the health continuum, including prevention, detection, and management. We performed a cross-sectional study of a US digital health industry cohort that received publicly disclosed funding from 2011-2018. We assessed the number of companies; respective funding within each part of the health continuum; and products and services by technology type, clinical indication, purchasers, and end users. In this emerging industry, most companies focused on management of disease and the minority on prevention or detection. This asymmetry, which is similar to the traditional healthcare system, represents an opportunity to focus on earlier parts of the health continuum. Patients were a common purchaser of all products, but especially prevention-focused digital health products, implying a large unmet need not yet served by the traditional healthcare system.
Management of immune checkpoint inhibitor–induced bullous pemphigoid
Authors: Zoe Apalla, Aimilios Lallas, Florentina Delli, Elizabeth Lazaridou, Stavroula Papalampou, Stavroula Apostolidou, Maria Gerochristou, Dimitrios Rigopoulos, Alexandros Stratigos, Vassiliki Nikolaou
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
MISS RATE DUE TO FAILURE RECOGNITION: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATE BASED ON A HIGH-QUALITY. A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: C Hassan, P Sharma, M Wallace, T Rösch, M Badalamenti, R Maselli, M Spadaccini, P Bhandari, A Fugazza, L Lamonaca, G Pellegatta, A Alkandari, A Capogreco, PA Galtieri, S Carrara, MD Leo, A Anderloni, A Repici
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims One fourth of polyps seems to be missed by“tandem”or“back-to-back”colonoscopy studies. However, this approach is not as optimal as prone to observer and procedural variability during the two consecutive procedures.Furthermore,it is unclear how much of this miss rate is actually due to failed recognition. Our aim is to use Artificial-Intelligence(AI)for estimating polyp-miss rates in recorded(colonoscopy)videos.
Covid-19: “Staggering number” of extra deaths in community is not explained by covid-19
Authors: Shaun Griffin
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Covid-19: "Staggering number" of extra deaths in community is not explained by covid-19Shaun Griffin London Only a third of the excess deaths seen in the community in England and Wales can be explained by covid-19, new data have shown.The Office for National Statistics (ONS) data, 1 which cover deaths in hospitals, care homes, private homes, hospices, and elsewhere, show that 6035 people died as a result of suspected or confirmed covid-19 infection in England and Wales in the week ending 1 May 2020 (where deaths were registered up to 9 May), a decline of 2202 from the previous week.
Shortlist of Quality Indicators for End-of-Life Cancer Care—Reply
Authors: Lesley Anne Henson, Wei Gao
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
VALIDATION OF THE BASIC CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR THE OPTICAL DIFFERENTATION BETWEEN NEOPLASTIC AND NON-NEOPLASTIC SUBCENTRIMETRIC POLYP HISTOLOGY BY ENDOSCOPIC EXPERTS AND TRAINEE ENDOSCOPISTS
Authors: BD Lovász, Á Finta, M Szalai, K Zsobrák, L Oczella, I Hritz, Z Dubravcsik, L Madácsy
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Background Blue Light Imaging (BLI) is a new electronic chromoendoscopic technology that enhances mucosal pits and capillary patterns. A new BLI classification was recently developed to facilitate better endoscopic characterization of colorectal polyps (BLI Adenoma Serrated International Classification (BASIC)). The aim of our present study was to analyze and validate the BASIC classification in predicting polyp histology of experienced and trainee endoscopists.
OUTCOMES AND SAFETY OF ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION FOR LESIONS WITH SIGNIFICANT SUBMUCOSAL FIBROSIS: A CASE SERIES
Authors: S Sferrazza, M Maida, F Vieceli, G de Pretis, R Maselli, A Repici
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims During endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), submucosal fibrosis can be an additional and unexpected obstacle to technical success. This study aimed to assess the outcomes and the safety of ESD as treatment for gastrointestinal lesions with submucosal fibrosis detected during the procedure.
A NOVEL ELECTROCAUTERY-ENHANCED LUMEN-APPOSING METAL STENT FOR ONE-STEP EUS-GUIDED DRAINAGE OF BILE DUCT AND GALLBLADDER
Authors: HW Yoo, JH Moon, YN Lee, JK Park, SJ Jo, TH Lee, MH Choi, SW Cha, YD Cho, S-H Park
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims EUS-guided transmural drainage (EUS-TD) of the bile duct and gallbladder (GB) using a lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) has been established as one of the effective alternative procedure. Moreover, as the electrocautery-enhanced delivery system enhanced LAMS has been introduced, one-step EUS-biliary drainage (BD) is facilitated in a recent. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of the novel electrocautery-enhanced LAMS for one-step EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy (CDS) or GB drainage (GBD).
DEFINITIVE ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT FOR NEUROENDOCRINE DUODENAL TUMOR WITH ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION AND FULL-THICKNES RESECTION
Authors: EA Arbizu, MG Alonso, FE Arevalo, JF Juanmartiñena Fernández, LU González, JC Gil, IFU Sainz, JJ Vila Costas
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

70-year-old woman with comorbidity. 15 mm well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor in the duodenal bulb. The multidisciplinary team meeting decided endoscopic treatment. EMR was attempted, but due to the non-lifting sign, we performed an ESD. Severe fibrosis / infiltration on the muscular layer was found. Traction strategy with clips and rubber band allowed complete en bloc ESD. The vertical margin was positive. The patient was a poor surgical candidate so endoscopic full-thickness resection was planned. The clip was deployed but the preloaded snare broke. A conventional snare was used. No residual tumor was detected. CT scan and scintigraphy were negative at 6 months.
ENDOSCOPY NURSE LED SERVICE
Authors: S Marshall, G Mission
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

This abstract aims to show the effectiveness of a nurse led service in endoscopy. It breaks down the processes of the patient journey in the English bowel cancer screening programme at St. Marks Hospital in Harrow, London. We followed a patient journey and the processes that are undertaken from the nursing workforce to achieve safe and effective patient outcomes. The results are measured in the number of procedures undertaken, the adenoma detection rate and patient feedback. We have shown that a nurse led service is an integral part of endoscopy services and is safe, efficient and effective.
ENDOSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTROPLASTY WITH ENDOMINA DEVICE: THE ECONOMIC IMPACT ON OUR PUBLIC HOSPITAL
Authors: H Masquin, N Musquer, V-P Riche, C Louis, K-O Sellal, R Guile, M Guillouche, J Clouet, E Coron
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Endoscopic bariatric therapies have been developed to treat obesity but no recommendation and no reimbursement exist in France. In our hospital, innovation funding has been validated to used endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) technique and 5 to 10 patients a year for two years can be involved. The economic impact of this strategy has to be considered before its regular use.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia
Authors: G R Epler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is increasingly recognized as an important cause of diffuse infiltrative lung disease. It is a diagnostic consideration in patients with a febrile flu-like illness of a few weeks' duration and a roentgenogram showing bilateral patchy infiltrates that are not responsive to a typical course of antibiotics. It is defined as granulated tissue plugs within lumens of small airways that extend into alveolar ducts and alveoli. Clinically, a flu-like illness, cough, and crackles are common. Pulmonary function studies of patients show a decreased vital capacity, normal flow rates (except in smokers), and a decreased diffusing capacity. It is generally idiopathic, but it may occur during the resolution of a viral or mycoplasma pneumonia. It is also associated with a variety of systemic illnesses and clinical settings. These include the connective tissue disorders, antineoplastic and other drugs, and immunological disorders, as well as bone marrow and lung transplantation. There are numerous related disorders, including human immunodeficiency virus infection, radiation therapy, thyroiditis, and alcoholic cirrhosis. In idiopathic BOOP, complete resolution occurs in 65% to 85% of patients treated with corticosteroid therapy. This type of therapy is often effective in patients with associated systemic disorders or in other clinical settings, but there may be limited or no response in patients with dermatomyositis, immunosuppression, or interstitial opacities at the lung bases. Respiratory failure leading to death may occur in 5% of patients. It is important to add BOOP to the differential diagnosis of febrile, noninfectious illnesses that are mimics of pneumonia.
Immune phenotyping of Erdheim-Chester disease through mass cytometry highlights decreased proportion of non-classical monocytes and increased proportion of Th17 cells
Authors: Matthias Papo, Aurélien Corneau, Fleur Cohen-Aubart, Brice Robin, Jean-François Emile, Makoto Miyara, Catherine Blanc, Zahir Amoura, Olivier Hermine, Julien Haroche, Thiago Trovati Maciel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is an histiocytosis of the L-group, characterised by multiorgan infiltration of histiocytes that often carry oncogenic mutations.1 In the past few years, several studies have progressively and carefully mapped ECD genome, and several mutations have been described, most of them activating the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway.1 These discoveries led to new therapies targeting BRAF or MEK in patients with ECD.2 Despite these findings, ECD pathogenesis still remains undetermined. Patients with ECD present a systemic inflammatory disease, with not only macrophages but also several other immune cells infiltrating affected tissues. A few studies have tried to explore the immune phenotype of ECD, with cytokine dosage in plasma and/or immunohistochemistry analysis, suggesting a complex network of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines.3 In order to explore the inflammatory phenotype of ECD, we realised immune phenotyping of circulating immune cells of 13 patients with ECD (details on patients’ characteristics are available in online supplementary table 1) and …
UNDERWATER ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL RESECTION OF A DUODENAL ADENOMA WHICH WAS NOT COMPLETELY RESECTED WITH ENDOLOOP-ASSISTED UNROOFING TECHNIQUE: A CASE REPORT
Authors: DH Kim, SY Park, HS Kim, CH Park, E Cho, JS Rew
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Rationale Endoscopic resection of duodenal adenoma is challenging procedure due to high recurrence rate and considerable rate of adverse events.
Scavenger receptor B-I antagonist ITX5061 modulates early HCV kinetics in patients undergoing liver transplantation: results of a phase Ib clinical trial
Authors: I A Rowe, M J Armstrong, R Parker, K Guo, D Barton, G D Morse, J McKelvy, F Wong-Staal, D H Adams, J A McKeating, D J Mutimer
Journal: Hepatology (2013)
Spatial immune profiling of the colorectal tumor microenvironment predicts good outcome in stage II patients
Authors: Ines P. Nearchou, Bethany M. Gwyther, Elena C. T. Georgiakakis, Christos G. Gavriel, Kate Lillard, Yoshiki Kajiwara, Hideki Ueno, David J. Harrison, Peter D. Caie
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2020)

Cellular subpopulations within the colorectal tumor microenvironment (TME) include CD3+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages, and tumor buds (TBs), all of which have known prognostic significance in stage II colorectal cancer. However, the prognostic relevance of their spatial interactions remains unknown. Here, by applying automated image analysis and machine learning approaches, we evaluate the prognostic significance of these cellular subpopulations and their spatial interactions. Resultant data, from a training cohort retrospectively collated from Edinburgh, UK hospitals (n = 113), were used to create a combinatorial prognostic model, which identified a subpopulation of patients who exhibit 100% survival over a 5-year follow-up period. The combinatorial model integrated lymphocytic infiltration, the number of lymphocytes within 50-μm proximity to TBs, and the CD68+/CD163+ macrophage ratio. This finding was confirmed on an independent validation cohort, which included patients treated in Japan and Scotland (n = 117). This work shows that by analyzing multiple cellular subpopulations from the complex TME, it is possible to identify patients for whom surgical resection alone may be curative.
A simple lifestyle score predicts survival in healthy elderly men.
Authors: C. A. Spencer, K. Jamrozik, P. Norman, M. Lawrence-Brown
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background. Although improvements in life expectancy have been attributed in part to the adoption or a more prudent lifestyle, few studies have examined the association of lifestyle with survival, using several lifestyle factors simultaneously, in a healthy elderly population. Methods. We investigated the association of health related behaviors with mortality in 7989 men aged 65 to 83 years participating in a population-based trial in Perth, Western Australia, by calculating a lifestyle score as a simple tally of flow many or eight prudent behaviors each individual followed. Results. Invitations to screening produced a corrected response of 70.5%. Out of a possible score of 8.46% of men had a score of less than 5. Within 5 years, a total of 703 men (9%) had died from any cause. The hazard ratio in men with a low lifestyle score was 1.3 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1-1.5] compared with men with a score of 5 or more. Conclusions. Lifestyle remains an important predictor of mortality even in old age. Survival in older men without a history of cardiovascular disease can potentially be enhanced by promoting a healthy lifestyle. C 2004 Elsevier Inc, All rights reserved.
Screening for Lung Cancer With Low-Dose Computed Tomography
Authors: Gerald W. Smetana, Phillip M. Boiselle, Richard M. Schwartzstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

In December 2013, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommended screening for lung cancer with lowdose computed tomography (LDCT) for selected current and former smokers. This paper summarize...
ACUTE LOWER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING IN ITALY (ALIBI STUDY): A MULTICENTRE PROSPECTIVE, COHORT STUDY
Authors: A Andrealli, F Radaelli, L Frazzoni, A Repici, A Mussetto, C Spada, G Manes, S Segato, A Musso, E Di Giulio, M Manno, G De Nucci, V Festa, A Di Leo, M Marini, L Ferraris, C Hassan, L Fuccio, S Paggi
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Acute lower GI bleeding (LGIB) is an increasing indication for hospitalization. However, data on clinical presentation, management and outcomes are limited. This Italian, multicentre, prospective observational study was designed to explore these areas.
Manifestations and prognosis of gastrointestinal and liver involvement in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ren Mao, Yun Qiu, Jin-Shen He, Jin-Yu Tan, Xue-Hua Li, Jie Liang, Jun Shen, Liang-Ru Zhu, Yan Chen, Marietta Iacucci, Siew C Ng, Subrata Ghosh, Min-Hu Chen
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2020)

The prevalence and prognosis of digestive system involvement, including gastrointestinal symptoms and liver injury, in patients with COVID-19 remains largely unknown. We aimed to quantify the effects of COVID-19 on the digestive system.