tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Associations between daily air quality and hospitalisations for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Beijing, 2013–17: an ecological analysis
Authors: Lirong Liang, Yutong Cai, Benjamin Barratt, Baolei Lyu, Queenie Chan, Anna L Hansell, Wuxiang Xie, Di Zhang, Frank J Kelly, Zhaohui Tong
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2019)

BackgroundAir pollution in Beijing has been improving through implementation of the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (2013–17), but its implications for respiratory morbidity have not been directly investigated. We aimed to assess the potential effects of air-quality improvements on respiratory health by investigating the number of cases of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) advanced by air pollution each year.MethodsDaily city-wide concentrations of PM10, PM2·5, PMcoarse (particulate matter >2·5–10 μm diameter), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) in 2013–17 were averaged from 35 monitoring stations across Beijing. A generalised additive Poisson time-series model was applied to estimate the relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs for hospitalisation for acute exacerbation of COPD associated with pollutant concentrations.FindingsFrom Jan 18, 2013, to Dec 31, 2017, 161 613 hospitalisations for acute exacerbation of COPD were recorded. Mean ambient concentrations of SO2 decreased by 68% and PM2·5 decreased by 33% over this 5-year period. For each IQR increase in pollutant concentration, RRs for same-day hospitalisation for acute exacerbation of COPD were 1·029 (95% CI 1·023–1·035) for PM10, 1·028 (1·021–1·034) for PM2·5, 1·018 (1·013–1·022) for PMcoarse, 1·036 (1·028–1·044) for NO2, 1·019 (1·013–1·024) for SO2, 1·024 (1·018–1·029) for CO, and 1·027 (1·010–1·044) for O3 in the warm season (May to October). Women and patients aged 65 years or older were more susceptible to the effects of these pollutants on hospitalisation risk than were men and patients younger than 65 years. In 2013, there were 12 679 acute exacerbations of COPD cases that were advanced by PM2·5 pollution above the expected number of cases if daily PM2·5 concentrations had not exceeded the WHO target (25 μg/m3), whereas the respective figure in 2017 was 7377 cases.InterpretationDespite improvement in overall air quality, increased acute air pollution episodes were significantly associated with increased hospitalisations for acute exacerbations of COPD in Beijing. Stringent air pollution control policies are important and effective for reducing COPD morbidity, and long-term multidimensional policies to safeguard public health are indicated.FundingUK Medical Research Council.
S862 THE ROLE OF GATA2 IN HSC GENERATION THROUGH ENDOTHELIAL‐TO‐HEMATOPOIETIC TRANSITION.
Authors: C. Koyunlar, E. Gioacchino, R. Hoogenboezem, H. de Looper, D. Bosch, J. Klavert, M. Havermans, P. van Strien, E. Bindels, R. Delwel, E. Dzierzak, I. Touw, E. de Pater
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Background: GATA2 is the most frequently mutated gene in childhood AML. These patients have germline mutations in one allele of GATA2 and have a high predisposition for MDS/AML. Also, in mouse, Gata2 is required for embryonic HSC generation and survival and complete deletion of Gata2 is lethal at embryonic day (E)10, while Gata2 haploinsufficiency results in a severe reduction in the formation of HSCs. The first HSCs are formed at E10.5 through a process called endothelial‐to‐hematopoietic transition (EHT) from specialized hemogenic endothelial cells of the dorsal aorta in the aorta‐gonad‐mesonephros (AGM) region. Aims: As all patients suffering from GATA2 haploinsufficiency syndromes have innate GATA2 mutations, our hypothesis is that embryonic haploinsufficiency of GATA2 is responsible for the phenotype of the patients. Therefore, we want to understand how Gata2 haploinsufficiency affects the generation of HSCs through EHT. Methods: We sorted phenotypic HSPCs (CD31 + cKit + cells) from WT and Gata2 +/‐ E11 AGMs and performed transcriptome analysis. Also, with whole‐mount antibody staining performed on the WT and Gata2 +/‐ AGMs, we analysed CD31 + cKit + cell populations. Results: Surprisingly, we found that the hematopoietic transcriptional program is not abrogated in Gata2 +/‐ mouse E11 CD31 + cKit + cells. However, Gata2 +/‐ HSPCs still express the endothelial program indicating that the hematopoietic cells are stuck in the endothelium and cannot complete EHT. We found that Gfi1b is downregulated in Gata2 +/‐ HSPCs. As Gfi1b is known to be required for downregulation of the endothelial program for EHT during primitive hematopoiesis, we hypothesize that Gata2 directly regulates Gfi1b and that this regulation is required for normal EHT. Summary/Conclusion: In conclusion, we showed Gata2 +/‐ HSPCs are transcriptionally different from WT HSPCs. We are currently studying if a specific HSPC subtype can overcome Gata2 haploinsufficiency and will still undergo EHT as this may have implications for the hematopoietic cells that eventually populate the hematopoietic tissues.
Junior doctor contract: BMA to hold vote on new changes
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Junior doctors in England will be asked to vote on proposed improvements to their contract, after terms were agreed between the BMA, NHS Employers, and the Department of Health and Social Care. The BMA’s Junior Doctors Committee said it had endorsed the offer, which would see changes leading to a total of £90m (€100m; $115m) worth of investment over four years for junior doctors. Key elements of the deal include:
Abstract 14875: Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Ameliorates Left Ventricular Dysfunction in ApoE Deficient Mice With Acute Myocardial Infarction in vivo
Authors: Tomohiko Shindo, Kenta Ito, Tsuyoshi Ogata, Kazuaki Hatanaka, Ryo Kurosawa, Yuta Kagaya, Kumiko Eguchi, Kenichiro Hanawa, Kentaro Aizawa, Satoshi Miyata, Hiroshi Kanai, Hiroaki Shimokawa
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: We have previously demonstrated that low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) improves myocardial ischemia in a pig model of chronic myocardial ischemia through enhanced myocardial ang...
PB2023 SPORADIC CASES OF MALARIA IN NORTHERN GREECE, A MALARIA FREE COUNTRY
Authors: K. Tsioni, K. KARANTANI, A. PYRPASOPOULOU, E. TSAMIS, M. ISSA, E. VAGDATLI
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Background: Malaria is a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium and the main hosts are arthropods. Human transmission is preceeded by female mosquito Anopheles bite. Human pathogens are Plasmodium vivax, falciparum and malariae, Less common are Plasmodium ovale and knowlesi. Since 1974, Greece is a Malaria free country. Nevertheless, sporadic cases are reported. Aims: We report five cases of malaria admitted in a tertiary care hospital of Thessaloniki. Methods: Five patients, 15‐34 years old were admitted consecutively, in three different departments of a tertiary care hospital in northern Greece from 2/10/2018 to 10/10/2018 due to fever, fatigue and night malodorous sweats. All five patients were relatives. Two sisters, living in the same house and their cousin with her two children, living in the same residential area. None of them had recently travelled in an epidemic county or had a blood transfusion. The diagnosis was based on a peripheral blood smear which was performed due to anemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia reported upon admission of the first patient. Characteristic ring forms, merozoites, trophozoites inside red blood cells and gametocytes were observed. Rapid malaria test revealed non‐falciparum infection and samples for molecular diagnostic testing were collected. Molecular analysis established Plasmodium vivax infection. All patients were treated with atovaquone 250 mg/ proguanile 100 mg per os, 4 pills once a day, for three days. Patients responded promptly and continued eradication therapy with primaquine for the next 14 days. Patients follow up included weekly visits at the hospital, blood testing with FBC, peripheral blood smears and rapid malaria testing, for three consecutive weeks in order to establish Plasmodium full elimination. Results: All patients were cured without complications. Due to the severity of the disease, the Greek Center of disease control was called to locate the source of the disease and take action concerning public health. Summary/Conclusion: Given the fact that malaria is not a common diagnosis, clinicians should have a close collaboration with the laboratory, even in malaria free countries. New sporadic cases can be found due to population migration. Increased rainfall, also affects malaria transmission because it increases relative humidity, modifies temperature and affects mosquito population and is a probable cause for those five cases in Thessaloniki. All cases must be reported as soon as possible and general population should be protected. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are in favor of the patient and general population.
Solutions to Reduce Unnecessary Imaging
Authors: Pamela T. Johnson, Ali Raja, Ramin Khorasani
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PB1899 CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
Authors: D. Eek, M. Blowfield, C. Krogh, H. Chung, T.A. Eyre
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Background: A comprehensive conceptual model (CM) of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is required to help researchers understand patients’ unmet needs and direct future advancements in the field, particularly in developing patient‐centered endpoints to evaluate the benefits of new therapies within clinical trials. Aims: The current study aimed to create a CM of disease‐ and treatment‐related signs, symptoms and impacts in patients with first‐line (1L) or relapsed/refractory (R/R) CLL. Methods: The CM was based on literature searches, review of CLL patient blogs/forums, interviews with expert hematologists, and semi‐structured concept elicitation interviews with 40 patients with CLL (20 1L, 20 R/R; with fatigue, weight loss, fever, and/or night sweats in previous week). To identify salient concepts, the number of patients mentioning each concept and the concept's mean disturbance rating (from 0 [not at all] to 10 [very]) were mapped. Results: Literature searches identified 32 prevalent concepts, with the most common being fatigue/tiredness. Patient blogs/forums revealed further symptoms (muscle/joint aches, headaches, weakness) and impacts (stress, fear of death, uncertainty). Clinicians reported recurrent infections and enlarged lymph nodes as key signs of CLL and noted that fatigue is related to both symptoms (e.g. tiredness) and impacts (e.g. needing to rest and limit daily activities). In patient interviews, 50 concepts were revealed, with 42 present in both 1L and R/R; fatigue was the most prominent and impactful. Fatigue‐related sub‐concepts were identified, covering symptoms (tiredness/need for sleep, lack of energy, weakness, cognitive fatigue) and impacts (decreased ability to maintain social/familial/professional role, decreased physical functioning, frustration). Three versions of the CM were created: an overall model with all identified concepts, and two models highlighting the most salient concepts in 1L and R/R (Figure 1). Muscle/joint aches, night sweats, bruising, fatigue‐related symptoms, fever and recurrent infections/illness were salient symptoms in both 1L and R/R. Salient impacts in both 1L and R/R were fatigue‐related impacts, insomnia, decreased cognitive/emotional functioning, anxiety/worry, stress, depression, financial difficulty, and fear of death. Dyspnea and cough were salient in 1L only, and enlarged lymph nodes, headaches, pain/discomfort, weight loss, nausea/vomiting, and infusion reactions were salient in R/R only. Summary/Conclusion: The three versions of the CM can help to inform patient‐centered endpoints to evaluate new treatments for 1L and/or R/R CLL. image
PARE0002 ME AND MY DILEMMA – A DANISH CAMPAIGN
Authors: Connie Ziegler
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Background:</h3> The Danish Rheumatism Association wanted to raise awareness on the challenges people face on a daily basis living with an invisible disease like some RMDs. In addition, the fact that many people living with a RMD experience that their surroundings have a lack of understanding the daily struggles they have living with a chronic disease. <h3>Objectives:</h3> We wanted to increase the general awareness of RMDs and to show our presence in another context than expected. In addition, the campaign should open up for some difficult talks in an entertaining way giving people an occasion to continue the talks at home. Finally the campaign should show that RMDs are not only related to old people and that consist of a wide range of diseases. <h3>Methods:</h3> Through Social Media and our website and magazine we called for daily dilemmas from people with RMDs and their relatives, colleagues or friends. Having enough dilemmas, we set up four dilemma shows in malls across Denmark and invited to a public show 'Me and My Dilemma'. Four famous people were brought in to constitute the panel and discuss the dilemmas. A journalist, who is also radio and tv-host was appointed moderator and through 1½ hour he took the panel through hard, funny and emotional dilemmas and involved the audience in the discussions as well. <h3>Results:</h3> 'Me and my dilemma' had a very broad appeal; it was entertaining yet serious and eye opening to both the panel and the audience. It gave The Danish Rheumatism Association an opportunity to tell many different stories about living with RMDs. Just getting the word out about a disease that rarely receives a lot of focus in the public. We received about 100 dilemmas, most of them we had to moderate a lot in order to be real dilemmas that could be discussed, have pros and cons and also to make sure that there was a variation in age, gender, diagnose and subject. Between 200-300 people attended each show, which was less than we expected, however Denmark experienced one of the warmest months of May ever and since the shows were planned inside the malls that explained the limited attendance. The people who did attend the shows were all in the target group, having either a RMD or were related to someone with a RMD. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> It was quite a bit of work getting the shows ready, but they fulfilled their purpose in raising awareness to the public and still reach our target group in a new way and in a new context. By recording all the shows we were able to make 5 great podcasts on different dilemmas, which people with RMD and their relatives can relate to and discuss. <h3>References</h3> None <h3>Disclosure of Interests:</h3> None declared
PB2303 SPECTRAL‐DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IN ASYMPTOMATIC CHILDHOOD SICKLE CELL PATIENTS
Authors: K. Yilmaz, H. Öncül, H. Uzel, K. Öncel, M. Soker, S. Soker, E. D. Yilmaz
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Background: Sickle cell disease results in localized ischemia and sometimes infarction of local tissues in the area of vascular sickling of erythrocytes.This process can result in a variety of ocular abnormalities; all structures can be affected, ranging from orbital tissues to the retina. Macular thinning has been described in patients with sickle cell disease. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of asymptomatic childhood sickle cell anemia on choroidal, macular and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) by spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography(SD‐OCT). Methods: Twenty sickle cell patients (40 eyes) without ocular diseases and 30 healthy control patients (60 eyes) underwent SD‐OCT. We used SD‐OCT to take all measurements of ocular thickness, as well as measured intraocular pressure, axial length, and central corneal thickness. We later analyzed correlations of hemoglobin S levels and number of crises with ocular parameters. Results: A statistically significant difference emerged between patients with sickle cell anemia and the healthy controls in terms of mean values of subfoveal and temporal choroidal thickness (p = 0.004 and p = 0.042, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in central and paracentral macular thickness. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer.There was no statistically significant difference correlation analyses between the hemoglobin S level and the study parameters. Correlation analysis of the number of crisis and working parameters revealed a negative correlation with subfoveal choroidal thickness and superonasal quadrant RNFL thickness (p = 0.036 and p = 0.002, respectively) Summary/Conclusion: Manual segmentation of SD‐OCT images revealed quantitative and qualitative changes in asymptomatic sickle cell patients.Further studies are required in a larger number of patients to detect a possible association between the retinal thinning seen on SD‐OCT images and peripheral retina ischemia.
AB0164 THE EXPRESSION AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF DIFFERENT FORMS OF LILRA3 IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Authors: Yan Du, Meiju Zhou, Xinyu Wu, Jing Xue, Huaxiang Wu, Yujie Jiang
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Background</h3> LILRA3 is a member of the LILR family produced as a soluble molecule by monocytes and macrophages. A 6.7-kb deletion in the gene of LILRA3 results in a null allele and an absence of function. The frequencies of the 6.7-kb deletion vary greatly in different populations, considerably higher in Northeastern Asians (0.56–0.84) compared with Africans (0.10) or Europeans (0.17). The homozygous LILRA3 deletion (nonfunctional <i>LILRA3</i>) has been demonstrated to be associated with Sjogren's syndrome (SS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) in Caucasians. However, in our previous studies, we found that in Chinese Han population, the LILRA3 non-deletion (namely functional <i>LILRA3</i>) contributes to susceptibility and subphenotypes of SLE and SS. With respect to the significant role of LILRA3 in immune-modulatory functions, we studied the role of LILRA3 in SLE. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our previous study has shown that functional <i>LILRA3</i> contributes to susceptibility and subphenotypes of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the role of LILRA3 in SLE. <h3>Methods</h3> 126 SLE patients and 48 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Functional studies were performed using intracellular flow cytometry and ELISA. <h3>Results</h3> Both LILRA3 levels in serum and CD14<sup>+</sup> monocytes were significantly elevated in SLE patients compared with healthy controls. Elevated LILRA3 level was found positively correlated with SLEDAI. Furthermore, more elevated LILRA3 levels were found in patients with higher SLEDAI, presence of lupus nephritis and thrombocytopenia. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Both LILRA3 levels in serum and CD14<sup>+</sup> monocytes significantly increased in SLE and positively correlated with disease activity and severity. The up-regulation of LILRA3 expression may serve as a biomarker of disease activity and severity of SLE. <h3>References</h3> [1] Du, Y., Y. Su, J. He, Y. Yang, Y. Shi, Y. Cui, C. Luo, X. Wu, X. Liu, F. Hu, X. Ma, L. Zheng, J. Zhang, X. Zuo, Y. Sheng, L. Wu, X. Zhang, J. Guo, and Z. Li, Impact of the leucocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor A3 (LILRA3) on susceptibility and subphenotypes of systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren's syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis, 2015. 74(11): p.2070-5. <h3>Disclosure of Interests</h3> None declared
Abstract 2103: Open Irrigation Catheters Generate Higher Esophageal Tissue Temperatures than Standard 8mm Tip Catheters when Ablating within the Left Atrium
Authors: Jennifer E Cummings, Tamer S Fahmy, Luigi Di Biase, Robert A Schweikert, Walid I Saliba, J. David Burkhardt, Oussama M Wazni, Mauricio Arruda, Mohamed H Kanj, Mohammed N Khan, Shane Bailey, Dimpi Patel, Rong Bai, Seil Oh, Lucie Popova, Andrea Natale
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Introduction: Atrial-esophageal fistula is a devastating potential complication of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation that is thought to be caused by thermal injury. Both open irrigation cath...
Digital Breast Tomosynthesis—Diffusion Into Practice Preceding Evidence
Authors: Joy Melnikow, Joshua J Fenton
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal