tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Healed Culprit Plaques in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Francesco Fracassi, Filippo Crea, Tomoyo Sugiyama, Erika Yamamoto, Shiro Uemura, Rocco Vergallo, Italo Porto, Hang Lee, James Fujimoto, Valentin Fuster, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Picture quiz Trauma to neck after a fall
Authors: Mushfikur Rahman, Caspar Aylott
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A 72 year old woman attended the emergency department with a one day history of a fall after drinking two bottles of wine. She was found by her neighbour in a confused state and an ambulance was called. She complained of severe neck pain and an occipital headache associated with nausea. On examination, her Glasgow coma scale score was 15/15 and neurologically she was intact. There was some tenderness in the neck, but no bruising or deformity, and no restriction of movement was found. A diagnosis of a soft tissue injury was made and she was discharged home with analgesia and head injury advice, under the supervision of her son.

The patient presented again to the emergency department four weeks later with ongoing pain unrelieved by simple analgesia. The patient stated that it “felt like her head was falling off.” There were no new …
www.medicalstudent.com
Authors: Irina Haivas
Journal: BMJ (2003)

I have always liked websites that gather lots of information in one place because they often make searching the internet more effective and less time consuming. www.medicalstudent.com is such a website.

The site introduces itself as ‘a digital library of authoritative medical information for all students of medicine.’ It offers a starting point for medical resources on the world wide web by selecting representative websites, from scientific ones to the less academic. …
Return to play and risk of repeat concussion in collegiate football players: comparative analysis from the NCAA Concussion Study (1999–2001) and CARE Consortium (2014–2017)
Authors: Michael McCrea, Steven Broglio, Thomas McAllister, Wenxian Zhou, Shi Zhao, Barry Katz, Maria Kudela, Jaroslaw Harezlak, Lindsay Nelson, Timothy Meier, Stephen William Marshall, Kevin M Guskiewicz
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2019)

We compared data from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Concussion Study (1999-2001) and the NCAA-Department of Defense Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium (2014-2017) to examine how clinical management, return to play (RTP) and risk of repeat concussion in collegiate football players have changed over the past 15 years.We analysed data on reported duration of symptoms, symptom-free waiting period (SFWP), RTP and occurrence of within-season repeat concussion in collegiate football players with diagnosed concussion from the NCAA Study (n=184) and CARE (n=701).CARE athletes had significantly longer symptom duration (CARE median=5.92 days, IQR=3.02-9.98 days; NCAA median=2.00 days, IQR=1.00-4.00 days), SFWP (CARE median=6.00 days, IQR=3.49-9.00 days; NCAA median=0.98 days, IQR=0.00-4.00 days) and RTP (CARE median=12.23 days, IQR=8.04-18.92 days; NCAA median=3.00 days, IQR=1.00-8.00 days) than NCAA Study athletes (all p<0.0001). In CARE, there was only one case of repeat concussion within 10 days of initial injury (3.7% of within-season repeat concussions), whereas 92% of repeat concussions occurred within 10 days in the NCAA Study (p<0.001). The average interval between first and repeat concussion in CARE was 56.41 days, compared with 5.59 days in the NCAA Study (M difference=50.82 days; 95% CI 38.37 to 63.27; p<0.0001).Our findings indicate that concussion in collegiate football is managed more conservatively than 15 years ago. These changes in clinical management appear to have reduced the risk of repetitive concussion during the critical period of cerebral vulnerability after sport-related concussion (SRC). These data support international guidelines recommending additional time for brain recovery before athletes RTP after SRC.
Minerva September 2003
Authors: Ahmed M El-Modir, David Spooner, Daniel Ford
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Fears about biological terrorism in the United States have led to health workers currently being offered vaccination against smallpox. The main hazard is eczema vaccinatum, a possibly life threatening reaction to the vaccine in people with a history of atopic dermatitis or eczema. Self reporting has led to only a third of the expected numbers giving a history of skin disease, but the good news is that not a single case of eczema vaccinatum has occurred in the first 31 000 health workers who have been vaccinated ( Annals of Internal Medicine 2003;139:1-7).

If and when the whole population is urged to be vaccinated, some sort of compact should be offered, says Clinical Infectious Diseases (2003;36:1547-51). This agreement between the citizens and their government would say that vaccination could be done without informed consent but that the government would underwrite claims for damage from adverse reactions.

Nurse practitioners have become competent lower gastrointestinal endoscopists, but only recently have they been shown to carry out upper endoscopies without any problems. A prospective study at King's College Hospital, London, found that few differences emerged in the diagnoses of or the discomfort or satisfaction reported by the patients who had had endoscopy by a nurse and those investigated by a doctor ( Gut 2003;52:1090-4).

Since 1983 the American Cancer Society has recommended that mammographic screening for breast cancer …
Skin Deep: a history of tattooing
Authors: Kay Seong Ngoo
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Tattoos—indelible marks on the human body—are increasingly popular. Not long ago, these images were liberally adopted by sailors and war veterans as expressions of solidarity, patriotism, and romance. Now, they are a statement of fashion and identity throughout our society. Unregulated, this form of body art is hazardous, particularly in terms of skin and blood borne infectious diseases.



Skin Deep is not an exhibition about health promotion and the danger of tattoos. Instead, it considers the human cost and …
Picture Quiz: A crushed lung
Authors: Amy Ford
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A 72 year old woman was brought in from home with a Glasgow coma scale score of 14 out of 15 (eyes 4, verbal 4, and motor 6). Her family reported a six week history of increasing lethargy, general weakness, and confusion. She had had tuberculosis at the age of 20 and recalled some kind of surgery at this time. On examination she had no focal neurology. Her left lung base was dull to percussion, and she had decreased entry of air in the same area. Oxygen saturations were 60% on room air. She received 40% oxygen but deteriorated clinically. She had blood gases analysed (box) and a chest x ray done (figure).



X ray image of the woman's chest



1.  What does …
Inhibiting pathologically active ADAM10 rescues synaptic and cognitive decline in Huntington’s disease
Authors: Elena Vezzoli, Ilaria Caron, Francesca Talpo, Dario Besusso, Paola Conforti, Elisa Battaglia, Elisa Sogne, Andrea Falqui, Lara Petricca, Margherita Verani, Paola Martufi, Andrea Caricasole, Alberto Bresciani, Ottavia Cecchetti, Pia Rivetti di Val Cervo, Giulio Sancini, Olaf Riess, Hoa Nguyen, Lisa Seipold, Paul Saftig, Gerardo Biella, Elena Cattaneo, Chiara Zuccato
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2019)

A disintegrine and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) is implicated in synaptic function through its interaction with postsynaptic receptors and adhesion molecules. Here, we report that levels of active ADAM10 are increased in Huntington's disease (HD) mouse cortices and striata and in human postmortem caudate. We show that, in the presence of polyglutamine-expanded (polyQ-expanded) huntingtin (HTT), ADAM10 accumulates at the postsynaptic densities (PSDs) and causes excessive cleavage of the synaptic protein N-cadherin (N-CAD). This aberrant phenotype is also detected in neurons from HD patients where it can be reverted by selective silencing of mutant HTT. Consistently, ex vivo delivery of an ADAM10 synthetic inhibitor reduces N-CAD proteolysis and corrects electrophysiological alterations in striatal medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs) of 2 HD mouse models. Moreover, we show that heterozygous conditional deletion of ADAM10 or delivery of a competitive TAT-Pro-ADAM10709–729 peptide in R6/2 mice prevents N-CAD proteolysis and ameliorates cognitive deficits in the mice. Reduction in synapse loss was also found in R6/2 mice conditionally deleted for ADAM10. Taken together, these results point to a detrimental role of hyperactive ADAM10 at the HD synapse and provide preclinical evidence of the therapeutic potential of ADAM10 inhibition in HD.
Immunotherapeutic effects of intratumoral nanoplexed poly I:C
Authors: M. Angela Aznar, Lourdes Planelles, Mercedes Perez-Olivares, Carmen Molina, Saray Garasa, Iñaki Etxeberría, Guiomar Perez, Inmaculada Rodriguez, Elixabet Bolaños, Pedro Lopez-Casas, Maria E. Rodriguez-Ruiz, Jose L. Perez-Gracia, Ivan Marquez-Rodas, Alvaro Teijeira, Marisol Quintero, Ignacio Melero
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2019)

Poly I:C is a powerful immune adjuvant as a result of its agonist activities on TLR-3, MDA5 and RIG-I. BO-112 is a nanoplexed formulation of Poly I:C complexed with polyethylenimine that causes tumor cell apoptosis showing immunogenic cell death features and which upon intratumoral release results in more prominent tumor infiltration by T lymphocytes. Intratumoral treatment with BO-112 of subcutaneous tumors derived from MC38, 4 T1 and B16-F10 leads to remarkable local disease control dependent on type-1 interferon and gamma-interferon. Some degree of control of non-injected tumor lesions following BO-112 intratumoral treatment was found in mice bearing bilateral B16-OVA melanomas, an activity which was enhanced with co-treatment with systemic anti-CD137 and anti-PD-L1 mAbs. More abundant CD8<sup>+</sup> T lymphocytes were found in B16-OVA tumor-draining lymph nodes and in the tumor microenvironment following intratumoral BO-112 treatment, with enhanced numbers of tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Genome-wide transcriptome analyses of injected tumor lesions were consistent with a marked upregulation of the type-I interferon pathway. Inspired by these data, intratumorally delivered BO-112 is being tested in cancer patients (NCT02828098).
Abstract 10036: Olmesartan Improves Not Only Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction but Cardiac Diastolic Dysfunction in Hypertensive Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction - ORION Study
Authors: Eiichiro Yamamoto, Keisuke Ohba, Yoshihiro Hirata, Takanori Tokitsu, Koichi Sugamura, Seiji Hokimoto, Seigo Sugiyama, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: The optimal treatment for heart failure (HF) with preserved left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) (HFpEF) has not been established. Using an experimental model of HFpEF, we previously reported a novel mechanism underlying reversal of endothelial dysfunction and HFpEF by AT1 receptor blocker (ARB). By performing this study (ORION: OlmesaRtan Improvement endothelial functiON with hypertension study), we examined the effects of ARB on hypertensive HFpEF patients, focusing on reactive oxygen species (ROS). Methods and Results: We examined prospectively 20 hypertensive HFpEF patients, taking any renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, switched to appreciable amounts of highly-selective ARB; olmesartan (average dosage amounts: 22.9 mg/day) for 3 months. Despite no additive hypotensive effects of olmesartan, endothelial dysfunction assessed by fingertrip digital reactive hyperemia (RH) peripheral arterial tonometry using Endo-PAT2000 was significantly reversed (RH-index; 1.57±0.34 to 1.87±0.50, P=0.034), accompanied by significant reduction of serum derivatives of reactive oxidative metabolites levels, novel biomarker of ROS (362.8±13.7 to 302.1±9.4 unit called the Carratelli unit [U.CARR], P=0.001). Olmesartan treatments significantly improved cardiac diastolic function evaluated by the ratio of early transmitral flow velocity to tissue doppler early diastolic mitral annular velocity (15.4 to 11.0, P&lt;0.001) but not LVEF and LV anterior wall thickness in echocardiography, and decreased plasma B-type natriuretic peptide levels (214.9 to 191.4, P&lt;0.05) in HFpEF patients. Additionaly, olmesartan significantly increased plasma superoxide dismutase activity (2.39±0.73 to 3.06±0.78 U/mL, P=0.02) and adiponectin levels (2.66±1.55 to 4.12±1.99 μg/mL, P&lt;0.05), but not affect plasma nitrates and nitrites (NO3-/NO2-) levels (53.2±28.1 to 62.9±28.4 μmol/L). Conclusions: These data suggested that strong AT1 receptor blockade by olmesartan restored not only endothelial dysfunction but cardiac diastolic dysfunction in HFpEF beyond hypotensive effects. Increased in SOD activities and adiponectin levels, but not nitric oxide levels, might contribute to these beneficial effects of olmesartan.
Minerva: March 2001
Authors: D J D'Souza, W E MacKenzie
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A 26 year old woman presented with positive results on a pregnancy test and an abdominal mass consistent with a 20 week pregnancy. An ultrasound scan showed a fetus of no more than 8 weeks' gestation, and this later magnetic resonance image clearly shows the fetus and a large fundafibroid. The mass continued to grow but did not interfere with fetal development; a healthy infant was delivered at term with blood loss of less than 400 ml. The fibroid regressed post partum, and the patient required no further treatment.

Following the recent flurry of press interest in deep vein thrombosis after long haul flights, a kind reader sent in his paper from 1967 listing the passengers who presented to a local hospital after a flight into London airport (The Practitioner 1967;198:668.72). Only one of the 99 patients had a deep vein thrombosis, but he also had a patent foramen ovale and died from a cerebral embolus. Many of the others were simply exhausted by their “lengthy” six hour flight, or comatose from a combination of barbiturates and generous in.flight hospitality.

Minerva always thought that groin pain was a label used by pampered professional foot. ballers to excuse them from their ludicrously overpaid day job. She may have to revise her …
Glial phagocytic clearance in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Marie-Eve Tremblay, Mark R. Cookson, Laura Civiero
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2019)

An emerging picture suggests that glial cells' loss of beneficial roles or gain of toxic functions can contribute to neurodegenerative conditions. Among glial cells, microglia and astrocytes have been shown to play phagocytic roles by engulfing synapses, apoptotic cells, cell debris, and released toxic proteins. As pathogenic protein accumulation is a key feature in Parkinson's disease (PD), compromised phagocytic clearance might participate in PD pathogenesis. In contrast, enhanced, uncontrolled and potentially toxic glial clearance capacity could contribute to synaptic degeneration. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying microglial and astrocytic phagocytosis, focusing on the possible implication of phagocytic dysfunction in neuronal degeneration. Several endo-lysosomal proteins displaying genetic variants in PD are highly expressed by microglia and astrocytes. We also present the evidence that lysosomal defects can affect phagocytic clearance and discuss the therapeutic relevance of restoring or enhancing lysosomal function in PD.
Students need better preparation for work
Authors: Irina Haivas
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Many newly qualified UK doctors think that medical school did not prepare them well for their work after graduation, researchers at the University of Oxford found in a study published in the BMJ (2003;326:1011-2).

Michael Goldacre and colleagues surveyed all doctors who qualified in the United Kingdom in 1999 and a quarter of the UK qualifiers of …
Are we really hypochondriacs?
Authors: Faye A H Cooles
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Medical students get a bad press. People think that we are hypochondriacs, obsessed with diagnosing ourselves with rare eponymous syndromes—especially around exam time. But sometimes we get it right. While camping in the Scottish glens, I developed rigors, arthralgia, fever, photophobia, and malaise. The acute phase passed, but without general improvement.



Doctor one: “And how is your mood?” the village general practitioner asked. He seemed disappointed to hear that I was generally fine, got on with my parents and, no, if my boyfriend were late for dinner I didn't break down in tears. My vegetarianism, however, …
Towards a public health approach to psychotic disorders
Authors: Kelly K Anderson
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2019)

The 21st century has brought about a burgeoning recognition of the central role of mental health and illness to overall population health. The emphasis of these public mental health efforts has largely been on mental wellbeing and common mental disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders, with less focus on rarer conditions, such as psychotic disorders.
Forgetting: Understanding Alzheimers: a Biography of a Disease
Authors: Ben Mills
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Most of us claim to be awful at remembering names, to be terrible with lists, and to have minds like sieves when it comes to dates. Memory seems to be a fickle thing, more likely to be blamed than praised. Yet we rely on our memory constantly, in fact we are more than reliant—we are totally dependent. You know where you are now, why you are here, …
Finding the Magic in Magic Mouthwash
Authors: David L. Sherr
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
More research is needed into the impact of international exchanges
Authors: Nigel Gray, Irina Haivas
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Little evidence based research has measured the outcomes of international exchanges in medical schools, a new study has found.1 The authors, Ian Mutchnick and colleagues, did a literature review and found a gap in current research regarding such experiences for medical students. Their results showed that research so far made little use of validated instruments to assess …
Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Replacement — 10 Years Later
Authors: Dale J Murdoch, John G Webb, Jian Ye, Janarthanan Sathananthan, Mark Hensey, David A Wood, Anson Cheung, Jonathon Leipsic, Philipp Blanke, Sandra Lauck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

Repeat TAVR 10 Years after TAVR A 68-year-old woman with symptomatic aortic stenosis who was not a candidate for surgery because of a porcelain aorta underwent TAVR in 2008. Ten years later, sympto...
Portrait worth £3.6m creates buzz in Yorkshire practice
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2019)

National Gallery, London

GPs looking for way to boost their staff’s morale might take a lesson from one practice fortunate enough to be able to display a 17th century portrait from the National Gallery worth £3.6m.

Self Portrait as Saint Catherine of Alexandria by the Italian baroque artist Artemisia Gentileschi, which is on display at the Pocklington Group Practice in the East Riding of Yorkshire, has been a real boost for staff, said Berni Judge, the practice’s …
University accommodation prices soar
Authors: Helen Barratt
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The cost of university accommodation has risen by more than twice the rate of inflation in the past year, the National Union of Students' 2002 accommodation costs survey found. The largest rent increase (10.7%) has affected students in private halls of residence. The number of students living in such accommodation has increased, however, from 2.5% in 2001 to 4.5% this year.

The average weekly rent in UK university accommodation is about £60 (€94; $88)--5.13% …
Ongoing chromosomal instability and karyotype evolution in human colorectal cancer organoids
Authors: Ana C. F. Bolhaqueiro, Bas Ponsioen, Bjorn Bakker, Sjoerd J. Klaasen, Emre Kucukkose, Richard H. van Jaarsveld, Judith Vivié, Ingrid Verlaan-Klink, Nizar Hami, Diana C. J. Spierings, Nobuo Sasaki, Devanjali Dutta, Sylvia F. Boj, Robert G. J. Vries, Peter M. Lansdorp, Marc van de Wetering, Alexander van Oudenaarden, Hans Clevers, Onno Kranenburg, Floris Foijer, Hugo J. G. Snippert, Geert J. P. L. Kops
Journal: Nature Genetics (2019)
A medical anthropologist
Authors: Tiago Villanueva
Journal: BMJ (2006)

<b>Cecil Helman</b> qualified as a doctor in South Africa, but his interest in medical anthropology has made him a leading authority in the field. <b>Tiago Villanueva</b> set out to discover what medical anthropology is all about, what its importance is to the practice of medicine, and how medics can get involved with it
Learning anatomy on cadavers: against
Authors: Shahid Mohammed
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Some sceptics think that the new trendy medical courses which do not have proper dissection on cadavers mean that you are not a proper medic. It is viewed as a rite of passage thing. Eight students standing around a corpse anticipating the green light to cause mass destruction was what defined us as medical students. We had this exclusive privilege that no other course could confer on its students.

However, the problem with dissection was its didactic nature; students crowding round a cadaver being told which nerve supplies which muscle with little, if any, participation. I was one of the last cohorts of our medical school who did dissection. Those who did help dissect seemed to spend the whole afternoon trying to find one obscure nerve while the rest of us (me included) went straight to the pro sections (only to forget what we learnt the …
Biochemistry: four books that may just change your life
Authors: Andy Conway
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Andy Conway Morris seeks molecular enlightenment-but does he find it? Read on and find out. 

If you, like me, find biochemistry lectures mildly less preferable than passing nasogastric tubes down yourself, then, come exam time, you'll need a good textbook. This will allow you to learn or revise all those pathways, chemicals, and enzymes your mind had conveniently confined to the cerebral wastebasket. For those of you in your later years, a good textbook may just make ward rounds with that pernickety endocrinologist who delights in finding black holes in your preclinical knowledge survivable. Here are four biochemistry books that may help you.

* Not worth it;

** Get from library;

\***| Steal from a friend;

\**\*|\* Eat whole before exams

BiochemistryVoet Donald and Voet Judith, 2nd ed, Wiley, 1995; £32.50 ISBN 047158651X Star rating: **

The Voets have produced a second edition of their mighty tome, simply entitled Biochemistry , and, to be fair, it is just that, a pure biochemistry text. This book is not aimed at medical students and for that reason should probably be avoided. All topics are covered in great detail, most of which is way beyond the level of even the …