tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Incidence Rates and Cumulative Incidences of the Full Spectrum of Diagnosed Mental Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Søren Dalsgaard, Erla Thorsteinsson, Betina B. Trabjerg, Jörg Schullehner, Oleguer Plana-Ripoll, Isabell Brikell, Theresa Wimberley, Malene Thygesen, Kathrine Bang Madsen, Allan Timmerman, Diana Schendel, John J. McGrath, Preben Bo Mortensen, Carsten B. Pedersen
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2019)

Knowledge about the epidemiology of mental disorders in children and adolescents is essential for research and planning of health services. Surveys can provide prevalence rates, whereas population-based registers are instrumental to obtain precise estimates of incidence rates and risks.To estimate age- and sex-specific incidence rates and risks of being diagnosed with any mental disorder during childhood and adolescence.This cohort study included all individuals born in Denmark from January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2016 (1.3 million), and followed up from birth until December 31, 2016, or the date of death, emigration, disappearance, or diagnosis of 1 of the mental disorders examined (14.4 million person-years of follow-up). Data were analyzed from September 14, 2018, through June 11, 2019.Age and sex.Incidence rates and cumulative incidences of all mental disorders according to the ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders: Diagnostic Criteria for Research, diagnosed before 18 years of age during the study period.A total of 99 926 individuals (15.01%; 95% CI, 14.98%-15.17%), including 41 350 girls (14.63%; 95% CI, 14.48%-14.77%) and 58 576 boys (15.51%; 95% CI, 15.18%-15.84%), were diagnosed with a mental disorder before 18 years of age. Anxiety disorder was the most common diagnosis in girls (7.85%; 95% CI, 7.74%-7.97%); attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was the most common in boys (5.90%; 95% CI, 5.76%-6.03%). Girls had a higher risk than boys of schizophrenia (0.76% [95% CI, 0.72%-0.80%] vs 0.48% [95% CI, 0.39%-0.59%]), obsessive-compulsive disorder (0.96% [95% CI, 0.92%-1.00%] vs 0.63% [95% CI, 0.56%-0.72%]), and mood disorders (2.54% [95% CI, 2.47%-2.61%] vs 1.10% [95% CI, 0.84%-1.21%]). Incidence peaked earlier in boys than girls in ADHD (8 vs 17 years of age), intellectual disability (5 vs 14 years of age), and other developmental disorders (5 vs 16 years of age). The overall risk of being diagnosed with a mental disorder before 6 years of age was 2.13% (95% CI, 2.11%-2.16%) and was higher in boys (2.78% [95% CI, 2.44%-3.15%]) than in girls (1.45% [95% CI, 1.42%-1.49%]).This nationwide population-based cohort study provides a first comprehensive assessment of the incidence and risks of mental disorders in childhood and adolescence. By 18 years of age, 15.01% of children and adolescents in this study were diagnosed with a mental disorder. The incidence of several neurodevelopmental disorders peaked in late adolescence in girls, suggesting possible delayed detection. The distinct signatures of the different mental disorders with respect to sex and age may have important implications for service planning and etiological research.
An observational retrospective real-world study of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (sRCC) patients in an Asian cancer centre
Authors: R. Kanesvaran, J. Chan, H.-S. Tan, J. Hong, C.K. Toh, Q.S. Ng, T. Rajasekaran, L.L. Sivabalan, C. Ng Yl
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Mettl14 inhibits bladder TIC self-renewal and bladder tumorigenesis through N6-methyladenosine of Notch1
Authors: Chaohui Gu, Zhiyu Wang, Naichun Zhou, Guanru Li, Yiping Kou, Yang Luo, Yidi Wang, Jinjian Yang, Fengyan Tian
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2019)

Abstract Background N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A) emerges as one of the most important modification of RNA. Bladder cancer is a common cancer type in developed countries, and hundreds of thousands of bladder cancer patients die every year. Materials and methods There are various cells in bladder tumor bulk, and a small population cells defined as tumor initiating cells (TIC) have self-renewal and differentiation capacities. Bladder TICs drive bladder tumorigenesis and metastasis, and their activities are fine regulated. However, the role of N 6 -methyladenosine in bladder TIC self-renewal is unknown. Results Here, we found a decrease of N 6 -methyladenosine in bladder tumors and bladder TICs. N 6 -methyladenosine levels are related to clinical severity and outcome. Mettl14 is lowly expressed in bladder cancer and bladder TICs. Mettl14 knockout promotes the proliferation, self-renewal, metastasis and tumor initiating capacity of bladder TICs, and Mettl14 overexpression exerts an opposite role. Mettl14 and m 6 A modification participate in the RNA stability of Notch1 mRNA. Notch1 m 6 A modification inhibits its RNA stability. Notch1 plays an essential role in bladder tumorigenesis and bladder TIC self-renewal. Conclusion This work reveals a novel role of Mettl14 and N 6 -methyladenosine in bladder tumorigenesis and bladder TICs, adding new layers for bladder TIC regulation and N 6 -methyladenosine function.
Burden of lymphoma in China, 2006–2016: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Authors: Weiping Liu, Jiangmei Liu, Yuqin Song, Xinying Zeng, Xiaopei Wang, Lan Mi, Cai Cai, Lijun Wang, Jun Ma, Jun Zhu
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2019)

Abstract Background The accurate information about lymphoma burden at national and provincial levels remains unknown in China. Methods Following the general analytical strategy used in GBD 2016, the age-, sex-, and province-specific incidence, mortality, and prevalence of lymphoma in China were analyzed. Trends in the incidence, mortality, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) were assessed from 2006 to 2016. Results It was estimated that there were 75,400 new cases and 40,500 deaths of lymphoma in 2016 in China, of which 6900 new cases and 2900 deaths were due to HL, while 68,500 new cases and 37,600 deaths were due to NHL. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), mortality rate (ASMR), and prevalence rate (ASPR) per 100,000 were 0.46, 0.19, and 1.75 for HL, and 4.29, 2.45, and 14.9 for NHL, respectively. An upward trend with age in incidence and mortality was observed. Males had higher incidence and mortality rates than females in all age groups. Sociodemographic index had a correlation with the ASIR ( r = 0.75), ASMR ( r = − 0.74), ASPR ( r = 0.84), and age-standardized DALYs ( r = − 0.75) of HL, as well as with the ASIR ( r = 0.80), ASPR ( r = 0.83), and age-standardized DALYs ( r = − 0.33) of NHL. From 2006 to 2016, the age-standardized DALYs of HL decreased significantly, while the age-standardized DALYs of NHL increased from 2006 to 2013 and remained stable from 2013 to 2016. Conclusions The burden of lymphoma in China showed unexpected patterns varied by sex, age, and provinces, with an increased trend of NHL and a decreased trend of HL from 2006 to 2016.
HUVEC- cancer cells interaction increases cytoskeleton rearrangement, microvessel tubular formation and decreases apoptosis, and induces gene expression profile changes in HUVEC in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ang Yuan, Yi-Fang Chen, Jeremy Jw Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Huei-Wen Chen, Hsuan-Yu Chen, Kwen-Tay Luh, Lee Yung-Chie, Chong-Jen Yu, Pan-Chyr Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

3824  Background:  Angiogenesis is important for tumor growth and metastasis. Angiogenesis, a multi-steps process, involves interactions between cancer cell, endothelial cells and their surrounding microenvironment. Interaction between cancer cells with these surrounding cells (such as macrophage) had been reported to be important for regulating the tumor-associated angiogenesis.  Aims:  To investigate the biological characteristics changes, the paracrine regulation of the important angiogenic factors expression, and the gene expression profiles changes in vascular endothelial cells after interaction with lung cancer cells.  Materials and Methods:  We use the indirect and transwell co-culture model to investigate the phenotype changes and gene expression regulatioion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after interaction with human lung cancer cells (CL1-5, adenocarcinoma). We evaluate the cell proliferation, migration, invasion, endothelial cell tubular formation, cytoskeleton arrangement, apoptosis and other biologic characteristics changes of HUVEC after interaction with CL1-5 lung cancer cell. We also use an oligo- microarray system containing 31,000 human genes to perform a genome-wide analysis of the change of the gene expression profile in HUVEC after co-culture with CL1-5 lung cancer cells. We use real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot to confirm the important gene expression changes and gene product phosporylation in HUVEC after interaction with CL1-5.  Results:  The biological characteristics changes of HUVEC after interaction with CL1-5 were as follows: morphologic change of HUVEC into more spreading and elongated shape, increasing capillary-like tubular network formation and prolonged maintenance of network in HUVEC after interaction with CL1-5. Filopodia and laminipodia increased, cytoskeleton actin was rearranged and apoptosis decreased in HUVEC after interaction with CL1-5. Oligo-microarray showed that there were 1000 genes significantly up-regulated (more than 2 folds) and 200 genes significantly down-regulated in endothelial cells after interaction with CL1-5 lung cancer cell, and the significant signal transduction pathways involved included focal adhesion, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, MAPK signaling pathway, apoptosis and other pathways. Angiogenic factors expression also increased in HUVEC after interaction with CL1-5 cells.  >  >Conclusion:  >We concluded that HUVEC and cancer cells interaction may regulate gene expression in endothelial cells, and change the biologic characteristic of HUVEC after interaction with lung cancer cells.  >
Lenvatinib treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: The relationship between efficacy and safety
Authors: T. Oikawa, K. Yusa, T. Okamoto, M. Yonezawa, T. Satou, T. Abe, K. Endo, K. Sawara, H. Kuroda, Y. Takikawa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Timing is everything: Improving the frequency, timeliness, and effectiveness of goals of care conversations for oncology patients in Manitoba.
Authors: Tara Carpenter-Kellett, Joel Roger Gingerich, Piotr Czaykowski, Alissa Loader, Oliver Bucher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

4 Background: Advanced care planning (ACP) in oncology requires effective communication and coordination. Early and regular ACP discussions are endorsed by ESMO and can help facilitate quality, patient-centered care. Methods: An ACP curriculum was created at CancerCare Manitoba that included health care provider (HCP) engagement, HCP and patient education, improved ACP clinical workflow, and improved ease of ACP documentation in the medical record. We evaluated the occurrence and frequency of ACP discussions before implementation of the ACP curriculum using a random sample of 100 adult patients diagnosed with stage IV solid tumors in Manitoba, Canada during 2014. We compared this group to a similar group of patients from 2017 after ACP curriculum implementation. Differences between the two cohorts were tested using Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact tests. The time from a patient’s first clinic visit with an oncologist to their first ACP conversation was described using cumulative incidence curves with K-sample tests used to test for significant differences between the 2014 and 2017 cohorts. Results: Of the 200 patients selected, 153 were assessed at our provincial cancer center (76 in 2014 and 77 in 2017). The median age for this group was 68. 59% were male. 56% received at least 1 line of chemotherapy. ACP documentation increased from 29% in 2014 to 42% in 2017 (p = 0.10). Between 2014 and 2017, initial ACP discussions occurred at: Initial visit (18% vs. 41%), disease progression (27% vs. 31%) and referral to palliative care (55% vs. 28%). After curriculum implementation ACP documentation occurred earlier in the patient’s cancer journey (p = 0.04). Conclusions: After implementation of an ACP curriculum at our cancer center, ACP discussions occurred more often and earlier, but the difference was only significant for earlier ACP discussions. Even after ACP curriculum implementation, a significant proportion of patients did not have ACP documented in their patient record. Understanding and overcoming barriers related to ACP at our institution will be critical for further ACP documentation improvement.
Oral Administration of miR-30d from Feces of MS Patients Suppresses MS-like Symptoms in Mice by Expanding Akkermansia muciniphila
Authors: Shirong Liu, Rafael M. Rezende, Thais G. Moreira, Stephanie K. Tankou, Laura M. Cox, Meng Wu, Anya Song, Fyonn H. Dhang, Zhiyun Wei, Gianluca Costamagna, Howard L. Weiner
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2019)
Personalized Oncology in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): Validation of the Prognostic Value of the Knowledge Bank Algorithm in Patients (Pts) Treated on Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB)/Alliance Protocols
Authors: Marius Bill, Krzysztof Mrózek, Jessica Kohlschmidt, Deedra Nicolet, Brian Giacopelli, Christopher J. Walker, Dimitrios Papaioannou, Ann-Kathrin Eisfeld, Jonathan E. Kolitz, Bayard L Powell, Andrew J. Carroll, Richard M. Stone, John C. Byrd, Ramiro Garzon, Christopher C. Oakes, Clara D. Bloomfield
Journal: Blood (2019)
Diuretic Treatment in Heart Failure
Authors: Antonino Tuttolomondo, Gaspare Parrinello, Antonio Pinto
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

To the Editor: The review article by Ellison and Felker (Nov.16 issue) 1 has a two-edged potential.Physicians are encouraged to use diuretics as first-line therapy for heart failure, but discontent with the drugs runs like a thread through the review.We had hoped that the section on other approaches and future directions would address how to minimize the use of diuretics.Long-term use of diuretic therapy for chronic heart failure may contribute to neurohumoral stimulation. 2Therefore, not only does skillful use of diuretic therapy remain fundamental to the successful management of heart failure, but so do strategies for their avoidance.First-line use of diuretics might influence adequate dosing of cardioprotective drugs, and the promotion of cardiac regeneration may become impractical.The latter is of particular importance the younger the patient with heart failure. 3
Rituximab Therapy Induces Long Lasting Clinical Remissions and Reduction of Anti-Platelet Glycoprotein Autoantibodies in Patients with Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP).
Authors: Eugene R. Ahn, Carlos J. Bidot, Vincenzo Fontana, Pamela Dudkiewicz, Wenche Jy, Lawrence Horstman, Yeon S. Ahn
Journal: Blood (2005)
KEYNOTE-181: Pembrolizumab vs chemotherapy in patients (pts) with advanced/metastatic adenocarcinoma (AC) or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus as second-line (2L) therapy
Authors: S.-B. Kim, T. Doi, K. Kato, J. Chen, M. Shah, A. Adenis, S. Luo, S. Qin, T. Kojima, J.-P. Metges, E. Francois, K. Muro, Y. Cheng, Z. Li, X. Yuan, R. Wang, Y. Cui, P. Bhagia, L. Shen
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
The effectiveness of individual nutritional counselling for patients with advanced cancer undergoing chemotherapy: A preliminary study
Authors: S. Koshimoto, M. Arimoto, K. Saitou, A. Hashizume, J. Kako, K.M. McManus, K. Amano, Y. Nakajima, H. Uetake, E. Matsushima
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Cognitive Behavioral Treatments for Anxiety in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Jeffrey J. Wood, Philip C. Kendall, Karen S. Wood, Connor M. Kerns, Michael Seltzer, Brent J. Small, Adam B. Lewin, Eric A. Storch
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2019)

Anxiety is common among youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), often interfering with adaptive functioning. Psychological therapies are commonly used to treat school-aged youth with ASD; their efficacy has not been established.
Fixed-Duration Versus Until Disease Progression: How Long Should Initial Treatment of Multiple Myeloma Last?
Authors: Yvonne A. Efebera, Nina Shah
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

The number of approved regimens for multiple myeloma has increased dramatically in recent years, improving progression-free and overall survival while also increasing the complexity of treatment decisions. Despite the plethora of options available, one fundamental treatment question remains: How long should initial therapy last? At the NCCN 2019 Annual Congress: Hematologic Malignancies, Drs. Yvonne A. Efebera and Nina Shah debated whether myeloma therapy should be time-limited or continue until disease progression.
Towards a more precise diagnosis of hypersensitivity to beta‐lactams — an EAACI position paper
Authors: Antonino Romano, Marina Atanaskovic‐Markovic, Annick Barbaud, Andreas J. Bircher, Knut Brockow, Jean‐Christoph Caubet, Gulfem Celik, Josefina Cernadas, Anca‐Mirela Chiriac, Pascal Demoly, Lene H. Garvey, Cristobalina Mayorga, Alla Nakonechna, Paul Whitaker, María José Torres
Journal: Allergy (2019)

Abstract A recent survey of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) Drug Allergy Interest Group (DAIG) on how European allergy specialists deal with beta‐lactam (BL) hypersensitivity demonstrated a significant heterogeneity in current practice, suggesting the need to review and update existing EAACI guidelines in order to make the diagnostic procedures as safe and accurate, but also as cost‐effective, as possible. For this purpose, a bibliographic search on large studies regarding BL hypersensitivity diagnosis was performed by an EAACI task force, which reviewed and evaluated the literature data using the GRADE system for quality of evidence and strength of recommendation. The updated guidelines provide a risk stratification in BL hypersensitivity according to index reaction(s), as well as an algorithmic approach, based on cross‐reactivity studies, in patients with a suspicion of BL hypersensitivity and an immediate need for antibiotic therapy, when referral to an allergist is not feasible. Furthermore, the update addresses availability and concentrations of skin test (ST) reagents, ST and drug provocation test (DPT) protocols, and diagnostic algorithms and administration of alternative BL in allergic subjects. Specifically, distinct diagnostic algorithms are suggested depending on risk stratification of the patient into high and low risk based on the morphology and chronology of the reaction, immediate (ie, occurring within 1‐6 hours after the last administered dose) or nonimmediate (ie, occurring more than 1 hour after the initial drug administration), and the reaction severity. Regarding the allergy workup, the main novelty of this document is the fact that in some low‐risk nonimmediate reactions ST are not mandatory, especially in children. For DPT, further studies are necessary to provide data supporting the standardization of protocols, especially of those regarding nonimmediate reactions, for which there is currently no consensus.
Abstract 15357: Body Mass Index and Ectopic Visceral Fat Burden Are Associated With Systemic Inflammation in Treated HIV Infection
Authors: Chun-Ho Yun, Chung-Lieh Hung, Wei-Ming Huang, Allison R Webel, Chris T Longenecker
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: With the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy, obesity is increasingly prevalent in people living with HIV (PLHIV). In particular, ectopic visceral fat may be associated with ...
Patient-focused outcomes in RELAY, a phase III trial of ramucirumab plus erlotinib (RamErl) versus placebo plus ERL (PboErl) in untreated EGFR-mutated metastatic NSCLC (EGFR+ mNSCLC)
Authors: K. Yoh, S. Atagi, M. Reck, E.B. Garon, S. Ponce Aix, D. Moro-Sibilot, K.B. Winfree, B. Frimodt-Moller, A.H. Zimmermann, C.M. Visseren-Grul, K. Nakagawa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Comparative analysis of functional assay evidence use by ClinGen Variant Curation Expert Panels
Authors: Dona M. Kanavy, Shannon M. McNulty, Meera K. Jairath, Sarah E. Brnich, Chris Bizon, Bradford C. Powell, Jonathan S. Berg
Journal: Genome Medicine (2019)

Abstract Background The 2015 American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) guidelines for clinical sequence variant interpretation state that “well-established” functional studies can be used as evidence in variant classification. These guidelines articulated key attributes of functional data, including that assays should reflect the biological environment and be analytically sound; however, details of how to evaluate these attributes were left to expert judgment. The Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) designates Variant Curation Expert Panels (VCEPs) in specific disease areas to make gene-centric specifications to the ACMG/AMP guidelines, including more specific definitions of appropriate functional assays. We set out to evaluate the existing VCEP guidelines for functional assays. Methods We evaluated the functional criteria (PS3/BS3) of six VCEPs ( CDH1 , Hearing Loss, Inherited Cardiomyopathy- MYH7 , PAH , PTEN , RASopathy). We then established criteria for evaluating functional studies based on disease mechanism, general class of assay, and the characteristics of specific assay instances described in the primary literature. Using these criteria, we extensively curated assay instances cited by each VCEP in their pilot variant classification to analyze VCEP recommendations and their use in the interpretation of functional studies. Results Unsurprisingly, our analysis highlighted the breadth of VCEP-approved assays, reflecting the diversity of disease mechanisms among VCEPs. We also noted substantial variability between VCEPs in the method used to select these assays and in the approach used to specify strength modifications, as well as differences in suggested validation parameters. Importantly, we observed discrepancies between the parameters VCEPs specified as required for approved assay instances and the fulfillment of these requirements in the individual assays cited in pilot variant interpretation. Conclusions Interpretation of the intricacies of functional assays often requires expert-level knowledge of the gene and disease, and current VCEP recommendations for functional assay evidence are a useful tool to improve the accessibility of functional data by providing a starting point for curators to identify approved functional assays and key metrics. However, our analysis suggests that further guidance is needed to standardize this process and ensure consistency in the application of functional evidence.
Iain MacLaren: surgeon, examiner, and vice president of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh
Authors: Penny Warren
Journal: BMJ (2019)

In 1956 Iain MacLaren said he agreed to get his chest x rayed to please his GP father. He was working as a surgical registrar at the Royal Hospital for Sick Children in Edinburgh at the time and had to step down when he was diagnosed with tuberculosis. Fortunately, he was in the right place. He became an early recipient of John Crofton’s triple drug approach—the “Edinburgh method,” which transformed the treatment of the disease—and he made a full recovery.

MacLaren was born in Edinburgh in 1927 to Gaelic speaking parents. He was proud of his heritage and in 1970 became chairman of Clan MacLaren. At the age of nine he learnt to play the pipes and went on to judge piping. A medical colleague recalled how he liked to play the pipes at key events, often afterwards offering guests a fine single malt whisky. …