tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of Ramadan Fasting and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Ismail Ibrahim Ismail, Fathi Massoud Abokalawa, Walaa A.Kamel, R. Khan, Jasem Youssef Al-Hashel
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

immunosuppressant to control their symptoms.We propose a risk assessment scheme using these clinical parameters to classify patients with MG as having low, moderate, and high risk for fasting with possible treatment adjustments (Figure).Moreover, most patients whose conditions worsened during Ramadan returned to pre-Ramadan status during the follow-up period.This finding is in line with data from systematic reviews showing that RF only mildly influences the immune system and that the changes are transient and return to pre-Ramadan status shortly afterward. 4,5e ability of patients with MG to observe a total or a partial fasting during Ramadan can be attributed to the diurnal variation of weakness, which is a characteristic feature of MG.Other possible reasons might be the decrease in physical exertion, reversed sleep pattern, and shortened working hours during Ramadan.A limitation of this study is that patients were not able to use pyridostigmine extended-release tablets because of their unavailability in Islamic countries.Moreover, the generalizability of our results needs further multicenter studies with larger cohorts to confirm our results.
Efficacy of tofacitinib in synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis syndrome: a pilot study with clinical and MRI evaluation
Authors: Yueting Li, Jianwei Huo, Yihan Cao, Meiyan Yu, Yanan Zhang, Zhaohui Li, Chen Li, Wen Zhang
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome is a chronic inflammatory disease that severely affects patients’ quality of life. Therapies including tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) and bisphosphonates (BPs) yield variable efficacy.1 Tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, may suppress osteoclast-mediated joint damage by inhibiting the RANKL pathway.2 A previous study proved the safety and efficacy of tofacitinib in psoriatic arthritis resistant to TNFi over 3 months.3 Additionally, we reported a case where tofacitinib in combination with methotrexate and Tripterygium wilfordii Hook was effective in SAPHO syndrome.4

To further explore tofacitinib efficacy in SAPHO syndrome, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients enrolled from January 2019 to December 2019 in our dynamic cohort of SAPHO syndrome.5 Patients were included if they: (1) received tofacitinib without concomitant TNFi, BPs, or other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and (2) had complete clinical data and MRI of SAPHO-related lesions with pain before (within 1 week) and during tofacitinib treatment. The pain visual analogue scale (VAS) score and …
Nutritional Dimensions of Invasive Success
Authors: Jonathan Z. Shik, Audrey Dussutour
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2020)

Despite mounting calls for predictive ecological approaches rooted in physiological performance currencies, the field of invasive species biology has lagged behind. For instance, successful invaders are often predicted to consume diverse foods, but the nutritional complexity of foods often leaves food-level analyses short of physiological mechanisms. The emerging field of nutritional geometry (NG) provides new theory and empirical tools to predict invasive potential based on fundamental and realized nutritional niches. We review recent advances and synthesize NG predictions about behavioral traits that favor invasive establishment, and evolutionary dynamics that promote invasive spread. We also provide practical advice for applying NG approaches, and discuss the power of nutrition to achieve a more predictive invasion biology that explicitly integrates physiological mechanisms.
Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) early findings from a teaching hospital in Pavia, North Italy, 21 to 28 February 2020
Authors: Marta Colaneri, Paolo Sacchi, Valentina Zuccaro, Simona Biscarini, Michele Sachs, Silvia Roda, Teresa Chiara Pieri, Pietro Valsecchi, Antonio Piralla, Elena Seminari, Angela Di Matteo, Stefano Novati, Laura Maiocchi, Layla Pagnucco, Marcello Tirani, Fausto Baldanti, Francesco Mojoli, Stefano Perlini, Raffaele Bruno
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2020)

We describe clinical characteristics, treatments and outcomes of 44 Caucasian patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) at a single hospital in Pavia, Italy, from 21–28 February 2020, at the beginning of the outbreak in Europe. Seventeen patients developed severe disease, two died. After a median of 6 days, 14 patients were discharged from hospital. Predictors of lower odds of discharge were age &gt; 65 years, antiviral treatment and for severe disease, lactate dehydrogenase &gt; 300 mg/dL.
Safety and feasibility of CRISPR-edited T cells in patients with refractory non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: You Lu, Jianxin Xue, Tao Deng, Xiaojuan Zhou, Kun Yu, Lei Deng, Meijuan Huang, Xin Yi, Maozhi Liang, Yu Wang, Haige Shen, Ruizhan Tong, Wenbo Wang, Li Li, Jin Song, Jing Li, Xiaoxing Su, Zhenyu Ding, Youling Gong, Jiang Zhu, Yongsheng Wang, Bingwen Zou, Yan Zhang, Yanying Li, Lin Zhou, Yongmei Liu, Min Yu, Yuqi Wang, Xuanwei Zhang, Limei Yin, Xuefeng Xia, Yong Zeng, Qiao Zhou, Binwu Ying, Chong Chen, Yuquan Wei, Weimin Li, Tony Mok
Journal: Nature Medicine (2020)
Performing Highly Efficient Genome Scans for Local Adaptation with R Package pcadapt Version 4
Authors: Florian Privé, Keurcien Luu, Bjarni J Vilhjálmsson, Michael G B Blum
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2020)

Abstract R package pcadapt is a user-friendly R package for performing genome scans for local adaptation. Here, we present version 4 of pcadapt which substantially improves computational efficiency while providing similar results. This improvement is made possible by using a different format for storing genotypes and a different algorithm for computing principal components of the genotype matrix, which is the most computationally demanding step in method pcadapt. These changes are seamlessly integrated into the existing pcadapt package, and users will experience a large reduction in computation time (by a factor of 20–60 in our analyses) as compared with previous versions.
Clopidogrel versus ticagrelor or prasugrel in patients aged 70 years or older with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (POPular AGE): the randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Marieke Gimbel, Khalid Qaderdan, Laura Willemsen, Rik Hermanides, Thomas Bergmeijer, Evelyn de Vrey, Ton Heestermans, Melvyn Tjon Joe Gin, Reinier Waalewijn, Sjoerd Hofma, Frank den Hartog, Wouter Jukema, Clemens von Birgelen, Michiel Voskuil, Johannes Kelder, Vera Deneer, Jurriën ten Berg
Journal: The Lancet (2020)
CAR T-cell therapy for a relapsed/refractory acute B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma patient in the context of Li-Fraumeni syndrome
Authors: Liting Chen, Bin Xu, Xiaolu Long, Jia Gu, Yaoyao Lou, Di Wang, Yang Cao, Na Wang, Chunrui Li, Gaoxiang Wang, Ying Wang, Li Zhu, Jin Wang, Haiyun An, Min Xiao, Yi Xiao, Jianfeng Zhou
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2020)

Background Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is characterized as an autosomal dominant cancer predisposition disorder caused by germline TP53 gene mutations. Both primary and therapy-related hematopoietic malignancies with LFS are associated with dismal outcomes with standard therapies and even allogenic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Case presentation We reported a relapsed/refractory acute B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-LBL) patient in the context of LFS. He was identified to harbor a TP53 c.818G&gt;A (p.R273H) germline mutation, and his family history was significant for rectal carcinoma in his father, an unknown cancer in his sister and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in his brother and one of his sons. The patient received murine monoclonal anti-CD19 and anti-CD22 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell “cocktail” therapy and achieved complete remission with negative minimal residual disease (MRD), as assessed by morphology and multiparameter flow cytometry. Fifteen months after murine monoclonal CAR T-cell “cocktail” therapy, the patient’s B-LBL recurred. Fortunately, a round of fully human monoclonal anti-CD22 CAR T-cell therapy was still effective in this patient, and he achieved CR again and continued to be followed. Each time after infusion, the CAR T-cells underwent extremely rapid exponential expansion, which may be due to the disruption of TP53 , a gene that can functionally control cell cycle arrest. Grade 4 and grade 1 cytokine release syndrome occurred after the first and second rounds of CAR T-cell therapy, respectively. Conclusions This case provides the first report of the use of CAR T-cell therapy in a hematologic malignancy patient with LFS. As traditional chemotherapy and allogenic SCT are not effective therapy strategies for patients with hematologic malignancies and LFS, CAR T-cell therapy may be an alternate choice. ChiCTR-OPN-16008526 and ChiCTR1900023922.
Abstract 11292: Relationship of FGF21 Levels With Major Cardiovascular Events in Patients Treated With Atorvastatin (From the Treating to New Targets [TNT] Study)
Authors: Kwok Leung Ong, Nicholas Hui, Andrzej S Januszewski, Nadeem O Kaakoush, Aimin Xu, Rana Fayyad, David A DeMicco, Alicia J Jenkins, Anthony C Keech, David D Waters, Philip J Barter, Kerry-Anne Rye
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Higher plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) levels predict incident CVD events in type 2 diabetes patients. However, whether FGF21 levels predict CVD events in statin-treated pa...
Association of Birth Weight, Childhood Body Mass Index, and Height With Risk of Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: Astrid-Helene Ravn Jørgensen, Julie Aarestrup, Jennifer L. Baker, Simon Francis Thomsen
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

There is a lack of evidence on the association of birth weight, childhood body mass index (BMI), change in BMI during childhood, and childhood height with subsequent risks of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) in adulthood.To investigate the association of birth weight, childhood BMI, change in BMI during childhood, and childhood height with subsequent risks of HS in adulthood in a large Danish population-based cohort.This cohort study included 347 200 schoolchildren from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register born from 1930 to 1996 who were linked to the Danish National Patient Register of hospital discharge diagnoses to identify cases of HS. Birth weight was reported by parents or guardians, whereas childhood weight and height were measured by school physicians or nurses at ages 7 through 13 years. Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. Statistical analysis was performed from February 20, 2019, to May 15, 2019.A diagnosis of HS as recorded in the Danish National Patient Register.Among the 347 200 children included in the study (175 750 boys) during the follow-up period from 1977 to 2017, 1037 individuals (677 females; median age at diagnosis, 39 years [range, 15-73 years]) received a diagnosis of HS. A nonlinear (U-shaped) association was found between birth weight and HS, such that both the lightest (2.00-2.75 kg; HR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.10-1.68]) and the heaviest babies (4.26-5.50 kg; HR, 1.39 [95% CI, 1.01-1.93]) had increased risks of HS compared with normal-weight babies (3.26-3.75 kg; P = .04 for deviation from linearity). The risk of HS increased significantly with increasing BMI z score at each age from 7 to 13 years, from an HR of 1.32 (95% CI, 1.24-1.40) per BMI z score at 7 years of age to an HR of 1.50 (95% CI, 1.40-1.61) per BMI z score at 13 years of age. Compared with children with a normal weight at 7 and 13 years of age, those with a normal weight at 7 years of age and overweight at 13 years of age had a significantly increased risk of HS (HR, 2.11 [95% CI, 1.63-2.74]) and children with persistent overweight at both ages also had an increased risk of HS (HR, 2.61 [95% CI, 2.02-3.38]). Children with overweight at 7 years of age but with normal weight at 13 years of age did not have a significantly increased risk of HS (HR, 1.05 [95% CI, 0.67-1.67]). Childhood height at all ages was not associated with risk of HS (children at 7 years had an HR of 1.00 [95% CI, 0.94-1.07], and those 13 years had an HR of 1.06 [95% CI, 0.99-1.13], per z score).This cohort study found that both the lightest and heaviest babies had increased risks of HS. Childhood BMI was positively and significantly associated with risk of HS development in adulthood. These findings suggest that returning to normal weight before puberty reduces risks of HS to levels observed in children who were never overweight. Childhood height was not associated with risk of HS.
99mTc-Besilesomab Scintigraphy in Soft Tissue Infections of the Lower Limbs
Authors: Patrícia Barros Gouveia, Ricardo Jorge Valpaços Teixeira, Adriana Alves de Sá Lemos Pinto, Maria Inês Amorim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract Only a few studies and images of 99m Tc-besilesomab scintigraphy are documented in the literature. We present a 99m Tc-besilesomab image consistent with soft tissue infection of the lower limbs in a febrile 67-year-old man.
Assessment of Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) reference equations for diffusing capacity in relation to respiratory burden in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS)
Authors: Andrei Malinovschi, Xingwu Zhou, Björn Bake, Göran Bergström, Anders Blomberg, Jonas Brisman, Kenneth Caidahl, Gunnar Engström, Maria J. Eriksson, Andreas Frølich, Christer Janson, Kjell Jansson, Jenny Vikgren, Anne Lindberg, Robert Linder, Maria Mannila, Hans L. Persson, C. Magnus Sköld, Kjell Torén, Carl J. Östgren, Per Wollmer, Jan E. Engvall
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

The Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) has recently published international reference values for diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide ( D LCO ). Lower limit of normal (LLN), i.e. the 5th percentile, usually defines impaired D LCO . We examined if the GLI LLN for D LCO differs from the LLN in a Swedish population of healthy, never-smoking individuals and how any such differences affect identification of subjects with respiratory burden. Spirometry, D LCO , chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and questionnaires were obtained from the first 15 040 participants, aged 50–64 years, of the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). Both GLI reference values and the lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) method were used to define the LLN in asymptomatic never-smokers without respiratory disease (n=4903, of which 2329 were women). Both the median and LLN for D LCO from SCAPIS were above the median and LLN from the GLI (p&lt;0.05). The prevalence of D LCO &lt;GLI LLN (and also &lt;SCAPIS LLN) was 3.9%, while the prevalence of D LCO &gt;GLI LLN but &lt;SCAPIS LLN was 5.7%. Subjects with D LCO &gt;GLI LLN but &lt;SCAPIS LLN (n=860) had more emphysema (14.3% versus 4.5%, p&lt;0.001), chronic airflow limitation (8.5% versus 3.9%, p&lt;0.001) and chronic bronchitis (8.3% versus 4.4%, p&lt;0.01) than subjects (n=13 600) with normal D LCO (&gt;GLI LLN and &gt;SCAPIS LLN). No differences were found with regard to physician-diagnosed asthma. The GLI LLN for D LCO is lower than the estimated LLN in healthy, never-smoking, middle-aged Swedish adults. Individuals with D LCO above the GLI LLN but below the SCAPIS LLN had, to a larger extent, an increased respiratory burden. This suggests clinical implications for choosing an adequate LLN for studied populations.
Paying the ultimate price
Authors: Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Around the world, health and social care workers are dying because of occupational exposure to covid-19. Many hundreds have died, including more than 100 in the UK. Are these deaths, and others yet to come, an inevitable cost of this pandemic? Not if some (or all) of them could have been avoided with better planning and provision. It is impossible not to feel let down by political and healthcare leaders who, while sloganning and clapping for the NHS, have so evidently failed to protect those working within it.

The UK government’s response to this crisis has been characterised from the beginning by complacency, arrogance, and delay, worsened …
Telemedicine Online Visits in Urology During the COVID-19 Pandemic—Potential, Risk Factors, and Patients’ Perspective
Authors: Katharina Boehm, Stefani Ziewers, Maximilian P. Brandt, Peter Sparwasser, Maximilian Haack, Franziska Willems, Anita Thomas, Robert Dotzauer, Thomas Höfner, Igor Tsaur, Axel Haferkamp, Hendrik Borgmann
Journal: European Urology (2020)
Association of Acupuncture and Acupressure With Improved Cancer Pain
Authors: Dong-Bin Cai, Wei-Qu Yuan, Wei Zheng
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Differentiating basal cell carcinoma from intradermal nevi along the eyelid margin with dermoscopy: A case series
Authors: Natalie M. Williams, Cristian Navarrete-Dechent, Ashfaq A. Marghoob, Álvaro Abarzua-Araya, Gabriel Salerni, Natalia Jaimes
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Annals Graphic Medicine - One of My Demons: Crying (or a Lack of)
Authors: Alice S. Bellchambers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Web Exclusives5 May 2020Annals Graphic Medicine - One of My Demons: Crying (or a Lack of)FREEAlice S. Bellchambers, MBBSAlice S. Bellchambers, MBBSKingston Hospital, Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom (A.S.B.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G19-0054 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Kingston Hospital, Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom (A.S.B.)Disclosures: The author has disclosed no conflicts of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G19-0054.Author/Illustrator Information: Alice S. Bellchambers, MBBS, is a junior doctor working in London, United Kingdom. This comic tells the story of her first experience of resuscitation as a medical student; it taught her that in order to withstand the pressures of being a doctor, she would need to share her thoughts and feelings with others. She has found that comics, as a means of speaking about the unspeakable, have permitted her to do this, and she continues to draw comics to document her experiences as a junior doctor.This article was published at Annals.org on 28 April 2020. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byA Creative Intervention for Supporting the Mental Wellness of Nurses 5 May 2020Volume 172, Issue 9Page: W121-W123KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosureEmotionsHealth careResuscitation ePublished: 28 April 2020 Issue Published: 5 May 2020 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Blocking the death checkpoint protein TRAIL improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction in monkeys, pigs, and rats
Authors: Yaohui Wang, Hailong Zhang, Zhizeng Wang, Yinxiang Wei, Mingli Wang, Meichen Liu, Xuance Wang, Yinan Jiang, Gongning Shi, Dongmei Zhao, Zhengyan Yang, Zhiguang Ren, Jing Li, Zhenkai Zhang, Zhenfeng Wang, Bei Zhang, Beibei Zong, Xueke Lou, Chengguo Liu, Zihui Wang, Hao Zhang, Ningya Tao, Xuefang Li, Xingkun Zhang, Yafei Guo, Yang Ye, Yu Qi, Hui Li, Man Wang, Rongxin Guo, Guanchang Cheng, Shulian Li, Jun Zhang, Guangchao Liu, Lihui Chai, Qiang Lou, Xia Li, Xiukun Cui, Erhe Gao, Zheng Dong, Yanzhong Hu, Youhai H. Chen, Yuanfang Ma
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2020)

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of death worldwide for which there is no cure. Although cardiac cell death is a well-recognized pathological mechanism of MI, therapeutic blockade of cell death to treat MI is not straightforward. Death receptor 5 (DR5) and its ligand TRAIL [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand] are up-regulated in MI, but their roles in pathological remodeling are unknown. Here, we report that blocking TRAIL with a soluble DR5 immunoglobulin fusion protein diminished MI by preventing cardiac cell death and inflammation in rats, pigs, and monkeys. Mechanistically, TRAIL induced the death of cardiomyocytes and recruited and activated leukocytes, directly and indirectly causing cardiac injury. Transcriptome profiling revealed increased expression of inflammatory cytokines in infarcted heart tissue, which was markedly reduced by TRAIL blockade. Together, our findings indicate that TRAIL mediates MI directly by targeting cardiomyocytes and indirectly by affecting myeloid cells, supporting TRAIL blockade as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating MI.
Blood Pressure Variability and Risk of Heart Failure in ACCORD and the VADT
Authors: Daniel S. Nuyujukian, Juraj Koska, Gideon Bahn, Peter D. Reaven, Jin J. Zhou
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

OBJECTIVE Although blood pressure variability is increasingly appreciated as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, its relationship with heart failure (HF) is less clear. We examined the relationship between blood pressure variability and risk of HF in two cohorts of type 2 diabetes participating in trials of glucose and/or other risk factor management. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data were drawn from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial and the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT). Coefficient of variation (CV) and average real variability (ARV) were calculated for systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) along with maximum and cumulative mean SBP and DBP during both trials. RESULTS In ACCORD, CV and ARV of SBP and DBP were associated with increased risk of HF, even after adjusting for other risk factors and mean blood pressure (e.g., CV-SBP: hazard ratio [HR] 1.15, P = 0.01; CV-DBP: HR 1.18, P = 0.003). In the VADT, DBP variability was associated with increased risk of HF (ARV-DBP: HR 1.16, P = 0.001; CV-DBP: HR 1.09, P = 0.04). Further, in ACCORD, those with progressively lower baseline blood pressure demonstrated a stepwise increase in risk of HF with higher CV-SBP, ARV-SBP, and CV-DBP. Effects of blood pressure variability were related to dips, not elevations, in blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS Blood pressure variability is associated with HF risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes, possibly a consequence of periods of ischemia during diastole. These results may have implications for optimizing blood pressure treatment strategies in those with type 2 diabetes.