tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Familial hemiplegic migraine complicated with diffuse cerebral edema: report of one case and review of literature
Authors: Wei Li, Yuhui Chen, Dongdong Wu, Lei Xu, Lianzhe Wu, Yingzi Wang
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Objective
To analyze clinical characteristics of migraine complicated with cerebral edema.


Methods
We first time reported a case of familiar hemiplegic migraine complicated with diffuse cerebral edema in China, another 19 cases of migraine complicated with cerebral edema were reported in literature.The clinical characteristics of these 20 cases were analyzed.


Results
In 20 cases, the male∶female ratio was 1.2∶1, the mean age of onset was (16.0±10.2) years.All 20 cases were complicated with cerebral edema, among whom 8 (40%) were familiar hemiplegic migraine, 8 (40%) were sporadic hemiplegic migraine, 4 (20%) were migraine with aura.Common neurological symptoms and signs included paralysis (75%), aphasia (65%), disturbance of consciousness (60%), disordered vision (40%), Paresthesia (35%). Eleven cases (55%) had permanent neurological deficit.


Conclusions
The clinical manifestations of migraine with cerebral edema are complicated, the neurological disturbance is severe and usually has a long duration.The early diagnosis and treatment is beneficial, and preventive treatment in intermittent period is recommended.


Key words: 
Migraine with aura; Hemiplegia; Aphasia; Brain edema
生殖器溃疡患者合并其他性传播疾病情况分析
Authors: 梁小梅, 杨敏
Journal: BMJ (2005)

对369例生殖器溃疡患者进行临床资料采集和分析,并行生殖器疱疹、梅毒、人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、沙眼衣原体、解脲脲原体、淋病双球菌、念珠菌等性传播疾病的病原学检测.结果确诊生殖器疱疹123例(33.3%),梅毒103例(27.9%),沙眼衣原体感染28例(7.6%),沙眼衣原体合并解脲脲原体感染8例(2.2%),淋病双球菌感染22例(6.0%),生殖器念珠菌病23例(6.2%),未发现HIV感染者.提示生殖器溃疡患者易合并其他性传播疾病。
Long-term survival outcomes of intravenous versus intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer.
Authors: Rachel Soyoun Kim, Manjula Maganti, Marcus Bernardini, Stephane Laframboise, Sarah E. Ferguson, Taymaa May
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

6046 Background: The role of intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy in the management of advanced ovarian cancer has been questioned given emerging evidence showing lack of survival benefits. The objective of this study was to compare the long-term survival associated with IP chemotherapy at a tertiary cancer center. Methods: We reviewed the long-term survival records of 271 women with stage IIIC or IV high-grade serous ovarian cancer treated with primary cytoreductive surgery (PCS) followed by IP or intravenous (IV) chemotherapy between 2001-2015 with a minimum follow-up of 4 years. 5-year progression free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were compared using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and covariates were evaluated using Cox regression analysis. Results: Women who received IP chemotherapy after PCS (n = 91) were more likely to have undergone aggressive surgery (p &lt; 0.001), longer surgery (p &lt; 0.001), and had no residual disease (p &lt; 0.001) compared to the IV arm (n = 180). Median follow-up was 51.6 months. Five-year PFS was 19% vs. 18% (p = 0.63) and OS was 73% vs. 44% (p = 0.00016) in the IP vs. IV arms, respectively. After controlling for covariates in a multivariable model, the use of IP was no longer a significant predictor of OS in the entire cohort (p = 0.12). In patients with 0mm residual disease, PFS was 28% vs. 26% (p = 0.67) and OS was 81% vs. 60% (p = 0.059) in IP (n = 61) vs. IV (n = 69), respectively. In patients with residual of 1-9mm, PFS was 30% vs. 48% (p = 0.076) and OS was 60% vs. 43% (p = 0.74) in IP (n = 29) vs. IV (n = 31), respectively. Conclusions: IP chemotherapy showed a trend towards improved survival over conventional IV chemotherapy, especially in patients with no residual disease. Given the retrospective nature and small numbers in this study, prospective non-randomized cohort studies are warranted to evaluate the role of IP chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer.
Bacterial distribution and drug resistance analyses of liquor puris in acute mammitis patients
Authors: Min Shen, Jianfen Gu
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The data of 173 cases with acute mastitis were collected and reviewed from January 2010 to October 2012.The liquor puris samples were collected for bacterial culture.And drug sensitive test was performed by Kirby-Bauer method.98 samples were cultured with a positive rate of 56.7%.A total of 98 bacterial strains were isolated, Gram-positive bacteria were 91 strains (92.9%) and Gram-negative 7 strains (7.1%). The most common bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, accounted for 83.7% was highly resistant to penicillin and erythromycin with resistant rates of 90.2% and 86.6% respectively.And there was no resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin.


Key words: 
Mastitis; Drug resistance
Diagnostic performance of seven rapid IgG/IgM antibody tests and the Euroimmun IgA/IgG ELISA in COVID-19 patients
Authors: J. Van Elslande, E. Houben, M. Depypere, A. Brackenier, S. Desmet, E. André, M. Van Ranst, K. Lagrou, P. Vermeersch
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)
Strain-resolved microbiome sequencing reveals mobile elements that drive bacterial competition on a clinical timescale
Authors: Soumaya Zlitni, Alex Bishara, Eli L. Moss, Ekaterina Tkachenko, Joyce B. Kang, Rebecca N. Culver, Tessa M. Andermann, Ziming Weng, Christina Wood, Christine Handy, Hanlee P. Ji, Serafim Batzoglou, Ami S. Bhatt
Journal: Genome Medicine (2020)

Abstract Background Populations of closely related microbial strains can be simultaneously present in bacterial communities such as the human gut microbiome. We recently developed a de novo genome assembly approach that uses read cloud sequencing to provide more complete microbial genome drafts, enabling precise differentiation and tracking of strain-level dynamics across metagenomic samples. In this case study, we present a proof-of-concept using read cloud sequencing to describe bacterial strain diversity in the gut microbiome of one hematopoietic cell transplantation patient over a 2-month time course and highlight temporal strain variation of gut microbes during therapy. The treatment was accompanied by diet changes and administration of multiple immunosuppressants and antimicrobials. Methods We conducted short-read and read cloud metagenomic sequencing of DNA extracted from four longitudinal stool samples collected during the course of treatment of one hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) patient. After applying read cloud metagenomic assembly to discover strain-level sequence variants in these complex microbiome samples, we performed metatranscriptomic analysis to investigate differential expression of antibiotic resistance genes. Finally, we validated predictions from the genomic and metatranscriptomic findings through in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing of isolates derived from the patient stool samples. Results During the 56-day longitudinal time course that was studied, the patient’s microbiome was profoundly disrupted and eventually dominated by Bacteroides caccae . Comparative analysis of B. caccae genomes obtained using read cloud sequencing together with metagenomic RNA sequencing allowed us to identify differences in substrain populations over time. Based on this, we predicted that particular mobile element integrations likely resulted in increased antibiotic resistance, which we further supported using in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing. Conclusions We find read cloud assembly to be useful in identifying key structural genomic strain variants within a metagenomic sample. These strains have fluctuating relative abundance over relatively short time periods in human microbiomes. We also find specific structural genomic variations that are associated with increased antibiotic resistance over the course of clinical treatment.
The effect of community management on asthma in children
Authors: Qian-qian He, Jing Zhao, Juan
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Objectives To study the effect of community interventions and management on asthma in children and its impact on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of parents and the home environment.Methods An asthma health management profile of 0 to 14-year-old asthmatic children (n =93 ) in Sanlitun and Liulitun communities in Chaoyang District in Beijing was established.The children were randomly divided into a management group ( n =49) and control group ( n =44 ) based on community.Community-integrated management,such as regular follow-up,condition monitoring and health education,was implemented in the asthmatic children in the management group but not in the control group.The parents' KAP and the household environment in the two groups were compared after 1 year based on the changes shown in the health management profile.Results The asthma relapse rate decreased to 27.9％ (12/43) in the management group.Compared with the control group,the rates of hospitalization (x2 =8.174,P =0.004) and school absences ( x2 =4.962,P =0.026) significantly decreased.The KAP level of parents increased to 67.4％ ( 29/43 ) in the management group and 20.4％ (9/44) in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =19.517,P ＜0.01 ).Knowledge improved the most and showed a significant difference from the control group ( x2 =19.517,P ＜0.01 ).Home environment in the management group improved to 76.7％ (33/43).The number of indoor pets ( x2 =3.906,P =0.048) and indoor cockroaches ( x2 =4.962,P =0.026 ) reduced and showed significant differences between the two groups.In addition,children's allergy-related symptoms decreased to 30.2％ ( 13/43 ) in the management group compared with 9.1％ (4/44) in the control group,which was a significant difference ( x2 =6.183,P =0.013).Conclusions Parents' knowledge of asthma,compliance behaviors,and home environmentwere effectively improved through community-integrated management.This management technique can reduce the allergy-related symptoms of asthmatic children,improve asthma severity,and reduce the influence of asthma on children's daily lives.

Key words: 
Disease management; Asthma; Health knowledge,attitudes,practice
Abstract 16462: Effectiveness and Safety of Apixaban, Dabigatran, and Rivaroxaban Among Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation Patients: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis of Four Large Databases
Authors: Steve Deitelzweig, Allison Keshishian, Xiaoyan Li, Melissa Hamilton, Cristina Masseria, Kiran Gupta, Xuemei Luo, Jack Mardekian, Keith Friend, Anagha Nadkarni, Xianying Pan, Gregory Y Lip
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Clinical trials have shown that apixaban, dabigatran, and rivaroxaban were associated with similar to lower risks of stroke/systemic embolism (S/SE) and major bleeding (MB) compared t...
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与胰岛素抵抗的临床研究
Authors: 常桂娟, 李南方
Journal: BMJ (2005)

对82例阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者和43例对照监测睡眠各项指标、空腹血糖和胰岛素、餐后2 h血糖和胰岛素.阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征组空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征组餐后2 h血糖、2 h胰岛素与对照组比较差异有统计学意义;平均氧饱和度与血糖及餐后2 h胰岛素呈负相关,与空腹胰岛素无相关性.说明阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征可能是引起糖耐量减低和餐后高胰岛素血症的危险因素。
Relationship between total sermn bilirubin and carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tao Liu, Jie Ming, Yao Wang, Wen-song Zhai, Qiu-he Ji
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Ultrasonography examinations were performed for carotid atherosclerosis in 548 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, total serum bilirubin, uric acid, total cholesterol ( TC ), triglycerides ( TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were measured. Total serum bilirubin level in T2DM patients without carotid atherosclerosis was (13.0±7. 1 )μmol/L, while that was (10. 9 ± 4. 9 )μmol/L in patients with carotid atherosclerosis (P ＜0. 01 ). The logistic analysis showed that total serum bilirubin level was negatively related to the presence of carotid atherosclerosis ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), which indicated that higher level of total serum bilirubin might be a protective factor for macroangiopathy in T2DM.

Key words: 
Diabetes mellitus, type 2;  Carotid artery diseases
Phase II study of ONC201 in pheochromocytoma-paragangliomas (PC-PG), medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and other neuroendocrine tumors.
Authors: Peter Meade Anderson, Stacey Zahler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e16703 Background: ONC201 is an imipridone with specificity for the dopamine-like DRD2 receptor. Anti-cancer effects involve up-regulation of TRAIL/DR5, dual AKT/ERK pathway inhibition, and integrated stress response. Because TCGA analysis showed very high DRD2 expression in neuroendocrine tumors, especially pheochromocytoma-paragangliomas (PC-PG), an investigator initiated IND study of ONC201 in neuroendocrine tumors (CCF IRB17-808; CASE2716; IND132665; NCT03034200) was done. Methods: ONC201 dose was 625 mg po/wk. Metastatic PG-PG were enrolled in cohort A. Other neuroendocrine patients were entered in cohort B. Two additional patients had single patient IND. Because hypertension is an issue from catecholamine producing PC-PG, all PC-PG patients had combined alpha + beta blockade and bp was monitored in the clinical research unit after dose #1 ONC201. Additional data was obtained with daily home bp monitoring, often with a wireless cuff which connects into EPIC via MyChart. Labs, scans, and clinic visits were done at week 6, then every 3 months from initial ONC201 dose. Patients with clinical benefit remained on study and could get radiation for bone metastases. Results: Neuroendocrine tumors were treated with ONC201 included 10 PC-PG, 3 with MTC 13 with other varieties including sarcomas, adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC), neuroblastoma, and GI neuroendocrine tumor (NET). ONC201 was exceptionally well tolerated. All patients were able to maintain or improve KPS while on study. No adverse effects on bp were seen. The only ONC201-related AE was temporary grade 1 neurocognitive dysfunction for ~36 hours after weekly ONC201 dosing in 2/10 PC-PG patients. 4/10 PC-PG patients remain on study at 28, 22, 22, and 4 month. 1 DSRCT patient achieved a PR at 3 months and has been treated 28 months. An ACC patient was initially responsive (PR), but rapidly progressed in liver; 1 GI NET patient had -10% reduction by RECIST at 3 months and remains on treatment. MTC may be responsive (1 no response, 2 stable and improving by RECIST at 3 months). Conclusions: ONC201 is very well tolerated with excellent quality of life and extended clinical benefit against neuroendocrine tumors. Although ONC201 has activity against neuroendocrine tumors, especially PC-PG, increased efficacy will likely require combination therapy. Clinical trial information: NCT03034200 . [Table: see text]
Risk factors for short-term prognosis in elderly patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Ning Chen
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Eighty-five elderly patients treated for the upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGB)in our hospital between January 2000 and December 2002 were divided into death or survival group.Their clinical characteristics,risk factors,treatment and complications were retrospectively analyzed.Eighteen patients died of UGB within 30 days.Univariate analysis indicated that documented diabetes,cardiovascular disease,cerebrovascular disease,gastric ulcer,hemoglobin,arrhythmia,stomach cancer,multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS),and shock were significantly associated with inhospital mortality within 30 days(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Stomach cancer,MODS,and shock entered into the Logistic regression model.These findings demonstrate that stomach cancer,MODS,and shock might be independent risk factors for short-term prognosis in elderly UGB patients.

Key words: 
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Prognosis
Efficacies of topical timolol maleate eye drops for infantile superficial hemangiomas during proliferative phase
Authors: Fuzhong Liu
Journal: BMJ (2015)

To explore the therapeutic value of topical timolol maleate eye drops for infantile superficial hemangiomas. From March 2013 to May 2014, a total of 98 patients of infantile superficial hemangiomas during proliferative phase were divided into treatment (n=68) and control (n=30) groups. Topical smearing of timolol maleate eye drops was applied on tumor with a wet cotton swab. The effective rate of tumor shrinkage and the rate of color improvement for treatment group were better than those for control group (88% vs. 10%; 90% vs. 10%, both P<0.05). And the differences had statistical significance. Topical application of timolol maleate eye drops is both safe and efficacious for infantile superficial hemangiomas during proliferative phase.


Key words: 
Timolol; Hemangioma
A controlled study on identification for depression and effectiveness of its treatment in psychiatric clinics of general hospitals
Authors: Zheng Lu, Yu-shan Li, Su-ju Ding
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Objective The study is designed to evaluate the difference in identification for depression and clinical effectiveness of its treatment between psychiatrists and non-psychiatric Dhysieians at out-patient departments of general hospitals and to analyze its related factors.Methods Totally,680 patients who visited psychiatric clinics in nine general hospitals of Shanghai at first time were screened by psychiatrists using Composite International Diagnostic Interview(CIDI)for depression and the screening resuhs were compared to the diagnosis made by non-psychiatric physicians as goal-keepers there.Altogether 297 patients with depression were recruited and assessed using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD)and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAMA).A self-made questionnaire for basic information was used to assess the ability for identification of depression in non-psychiatric physicians of general hospitals.Results Psychiatrists identified depression correctly in 337 of 680 patients who visited psychiatric clinics in general hospitals at their first visit,but non-psychiatric physicians only identified 216 patients,with statistically significant difference(χ2=30.73,P=0.000).A consistent agreement on depression diagnosis between the findings by psychiatrists and by CIDI was reached with Kappa of 0.774,but Kappa for that between the findings by non-psychiatric physicians and CIDI was 0.439.Effectiveness of treatment for depression by psychiatrists was better than that by non-psychiatric physicians,with higher total score and scores for each item of HAMD four,eight and 12 weeks after treatment,respectively(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Length of professional work of non-psychiatric physicians and annual time for professional training in management of mental disorders associated with their ability of identification for depression(P＜0.05).Conclusion Ability of non-psychiatric physicians to identify alQd cope with depression in the psychiatric department of general hospitals was insufficient,suggesting that more importance should be attached to the management of service quality at psychiatric department of general hospitals.

Key words: 
Depressive disorder; Diagnosis; Treatment outcome:Psychiatric department,hospital
Continuous monitoring of mobility performance trajectory in patients receiving chemotherapy.
Authors: Sudha Yarlagadda, Bijan Najafi, Jinna Chu, Changhong Wang, Yvonne Sada
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e14104 Background: Accurate performance status (PS) assessment is important for chemotherapy decisions, but current tools such as the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) PS assessment are subjective, static, and prone to inter-observer and recall biases. Continuous patient monitoring technology can enhance PS assessment by providing an objective and dynamic measurement of mobility performance (MP), defined as mobility in real-life situations. This study examined the feasibility of a pendant sensor to continuously track MP during a 4-week period of chemotherapy. Methods: Patients on chemotherapy were recruited from a single center. Patients were asked to continuously wear a water-resistant pendant sensor (PAMSys, Biosensics, USA) for 4-weeks during the day and night. Patients completed psychosocial surveys (cognitive, depression, and fatigue) and a technology acceptance survey measured on a Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Chart review was completed for demographics, medical history, and baseline ECOG PS. Using a validated algorithm, postures (lying and sitting postures: LSP) and walking parameters (cadence, longest walking bout, total steps per day) were extracted from the pendant. We also calculated percent change from baseline activity to the lowest activity level during the 4-week period. To determine clinically meaningful digital biomarkers, we compared these MP measures between two groups: ECOG 0 or ECOG ≥1. Results: Fifteen patients (median age 68), with either a solid (n = 14) or hematologic (n = 1) malignancy, stages II-IV, with ECOG 0 (n = 7) and ECOG ≥1 (n = 8) were evaluated. Baseline psychosocial parameters were not significantly different. ECOG ≥1 tend to have poorer baseline walking compared to ECOG 0 with the largest effect size observed for cadence (79.2 ± 10.0 vs 73.3±3.7, Cohen’s d effect size d = 0.78). The percentage of MP decline was higher in ECOG 0 compared to ECOG ≥1 (89.0±22.9% vs 79.9±34.5%). None of the observed trends reached statistical significance. Patients reported that the pendant was comfortable to wear (4.9±0.30) and did not interfere with activities (4.9±0.25). Conclusions: This study showed the feasibility of a pendant sensor to continuously monitor MP and its trajectory during chemotherapy. Results suggest continuous MP monitoring may provide objective information to enhance PS assessment. Larger studies are needed to confirm statistical significance of digital MP metrics and its potential effect on clinical decisions such as dose reduction, rehabilitation, and palliative care.
Research progress of hyperprolactinemia induced by antipsychotic drugs
Authors: Jing Tao
Journal: BMJ (2018)

During the treatment of psychotic disorders it should be aware that many commonly used antipsychotic drugs have the risk of inducing hyperprolactinemia.This review focuses on the pathogenesis, clinical symptoms and treatment strategy of the antipsychotic drug-induced hyperprolactinemia.


Key words: 
Hyperprolactinemia; Antipsychotic agents; Adverse effects