AB0868 ULTRASOUND MONOSODIUM URATE CRYSTAL DEPOSITS IN THE JOINTS OF GOUT PATIENTS CORRELATE WITH THE WORSENING OF THE HEART SYSTOLIC FUNCTION
Authors: Rada Gancheva, Atanas Koundurdjiev, Todor Kundurzhiev, Zlatimir Kolarov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Background</h3> The connection between gout and cardiovascular (CV) complications has been investigated a lot. Recent studies demonstrate that higher body urate load is an indicator of increased CV risk. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine whether ultrasound deposits of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the joints of gout patients (pts) correlate with the worsening of the heart systolic function and left ventricular hypertrophy. <h3>Methods</h3> This was a single-center cross-sectional study including 56 consecutive gout pts, 40 males and 16 females, in a mean age 58.9±13.2 years with disease duration 6.42±6.93 years. All of them underwent transthoracic echocardiography and ultrasound examination of the joints of the hands, elbows, knees, ankles and feet. By transthoracic echocardiography, conducted with 2.5 MHz transducer phased array working with pulse Doppler frequency of 2.5 MHz, were measured parameters which are independent predictors of CV risk: left ventricular mass index (LVMi), ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS) and systolic motion of the myocardium (Sm). Ultrasound studies of the joints were performed with a high-frequency, linear transducer, 4-15 MHz. The existence of double contour sign, tendon MSU deposits, snow storm, tophi and tophi with erosions or a combination of these ultrasound features was assessed. Examinations were done in accordance with the latest published guidelines. Data were analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney, t-test, Kruskal Wallis test and Spearman correlation. <h3>Results</h3> 49(87.5%) of the pts had ultrasound evidence of crystal deposits. Serum uric acid levels were equal in pts with and without MSU deposits in the joints, (p=0.569). Among individuals without ultrasound MSU deposits, pts with MSU findings in one joint area and in those with crystal deposits in two or more joint areas we did not find a difference in the mean values of LVMi (mean±SD; 126.86±21.95 g/m<sup>2</sup> vs 120.09±31.50 g/m<sup>2</sup> vs 128.68±35.19 g/m<sup>2</sup>, p=0.761), FS (mean±SD; 37.73±4.62% vs 38.25±3.51% vs 35.40±6.57%, p=0.205) and Sm (mean±SD; 0.27±0.35 m/s vs 0.11±0.02 m/s vs 0.10±0.02 m/s, p=0.266). A tendency of lower EF without reaching significance was detected in subjects with crystal deposits in two or more joints, (p=0.071). The values of LVMi (p=0.295), EF (p=0.396), FS (p=0.566) and Sm (p=0.154) were similar in pts without MSU findings, subjects who had a double contour sign, those with tendon MSU deposits, pts with snow storm, individuals with tophi and in pts with tophi and erosions. However, pts with crystal deposits in the knees and in the tibiotalar joints had lower EF (p=0.047; p=0.049, respectively) and lower FS (p=0.036; p=0.016, respectively) compared to those who had no crystal deposits in these joint areas. Further a weak negative correlation was detected between the number of joints with crystal deposits and EF (r= -0.294, p=0.029) and FS (r= -0.292, p=0.030). Regarding LVMi and Sm no correlation was established with the presence of crystal deposits in the joints (r=0.079, p=0.568 and r= -0.242, p=0.076). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Despite the lack of difference in serum uric acid between pts with and without MSU deposits in the joints, those with MSU findings in the knees and in the tibiotalar joints had more deteriorated systolic function of the heart in comparison to pts without crystal deposits in these joint areas. A negative correlation existed between the number of joints with crystal deposits and functional pumping indices of the heart. On the other hand, MSU deposits in the knees and in the tibiotalar joints are associated with higher urate load than deposits in the small joints. We suggest that the higher urate load is connected to the worsened pumping function of the heart. <h3>Disclosure of Interests</h3> None declared