tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Differential Health Care Use, Diabetes-Related Complications, and Mortality Among Five Unique Classes of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Singapore: A Latent Class Analysis of 71,125 Patients
Authors: Jun Jie Benjamin Seng, Yu Heng Kwan, Vivian Shu Yi Lee, Chuen Seng Tan, Sueziani Binte Zainudin, Julian Thumboo, Lian Leng Low
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

OBJECTIVE With rising health care costs and finite health care resources, understanding the population needs of different type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patient subgroups is important. Sparse data exist for the application of population segmentation on health care needs among Asian T2DM patients. We aimed to segment T2DM patients into distinct classes and evaluate their differential health care use, diabetes-related complications, and mortality patterns. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Latent class analysis was conducted on a retrospective cohort of 71,125 T2DM patients. Latent class indicators included patient’s age, ethnicity, comorbidities, and duration of T2DM. Outcomes evaluated included health care use, diabetes-related complications, and 4-year all-cause mortality. The relationship between class membership and outcomes was evaluated with the appropriate regression models. RESULTS Five classes of T2DM patients were identified. The prevalence of depression was high among patients in class 3 (younger females with short-to-moderate T2DM duration and high psychiatric and neurological disease burden) and class 5 (older patients with moderate-to-long T2DM duration and high disease burden with end-organ complications). They were the highest tertiary health care users. Class 5 patients had the highest risk of myocardial infarction (hazard ratio [HR] 12.05, 95% CI 10.82–13.42]), end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis initiation (HR 25.81, 95% CI 21.75–30.63), stroke (HR 19.37, 95% CI 16.92–22.17), lower-extremity amputation (HR 12.94, 95% CI 10.90–15.36), and mortality (HR 3.47, 95% CI 3.17–3.80). CONCLUSIONS T2DM patients can be segmented into classes with differential health care use and outcomes. Depression screening should be considered for the two identified classes of patients.
In situ quantitative measurement of mRNA to predict response to trastuzumab in a cohort of metastatic breast cancer patients.
Authors: Maria Vassilakopoulou, Jennifer Bordeaux, Veronique Neumeister, Huan Cheng, Kurt Schalper, Dimosthenis V. Skarlos, Dimitrios G. Pectasides, Nicholas Pavlidis, Angelos Koutras, Helena Linardou, Evangelia Razis, Mattheos Bobos, Vassiliki Kotoula, David Rimm, George Fountzilas, Amanda Psyrri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

573 Background: Trastuzumab therapy is currently selected based on assessment of HER2 by either immunohistochemistry (IHC) for protein over-expression or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to detect gene amplification. We sought to determine the predictive value of in situ quantitative measurement of mRNA on a cohort of trastuzumab-treated metastatic breast cancer patients. Methods: A tissue microarray composed of ninety metastatic breast cancers treated with various chemotherapy regimens combined with trastuzumab was constructed. HER2 intracellular domain (ICD), HER2 extracellular domain (ECD) and HER2 mRNA were assessed using the AQUA method for quantitative immunofluorescence. For HER2 protein evaluation CB11was used to measure ICD and SP3 to measure ECD of the HER2 receptor. In addition, HER2 mRNA status was assessed using the RNAscope assay ERRB2 probe according to manufacturer’s protocol modified for detection with Cy-5 Tyramide. Cytokeratin was used in order to create the tumor mask and signal was quantified within the mask. Primary endpoints included time to progression (TTP) from trastuzumab initiation and overall survival (OS) times. Statistical analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazard model. Results: HER mRNA was tightly correlated with ICD HER2, as measured by CB11 (r 2 =0.35), but not with ECD HER2 as measured by SP3 (r 2 =0.14). Both ICD HER2 and HER2 mRNA were predictive of response to trastuzumab, but ECD was not. Multivariate analysis including age, histological grade and hormone receptor status shows the ICD to be predictive of TTP (p=0.0377). HER2 mRNA levels were significant for prediction of TTP (p=0.0344) in multivariate analysis including age and histological grade. Conclusions: The expression of ICD, as detected by CB11 and HER2 mRNA levels were significantly associated with TTP in this trastuzumab-treated metastatic cohort. The ECD, as detected by SP3 is neither predictive of response, nor tightly correlated with HER2 mRNA. In situ assessment of HER2 mRNA has the potential to identify breast cancer patients who derive benefit from trastuzumab treatment.
Does Bariatric Surgery Increase or Reduce Colorectal Cancer Risk—Is the Jury Still Out?
Authors: Lance E. Davidson, Ted D. Adams
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
The Distribution of Body Fluids In Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: R. D. SQUIRES, R. B. SINGER, G. R. MOFFITT, J. R. ELKINTON
Journal: Circulation (1951)

The distribution of values of serum concentrations of sodium, chloride, potassium, and total carbon dioxide were studied in a large group of patients with congestive heart failure, and compared with the values in a smaller group of normal subjects used as controls. The depression of sodium and chloride concentration, and the elevation of total carbon dioxide content were evaluated in terms of renal function and mercurial therapy. In 11 of the cases with high serum contents of total carbon dioxide the acid-base equilibrium was precisely defined by measurement of pH in cutaneous whole blood and calculation of the pressure of carbon dioxide and of the concentration of buffer base.
BPI20-015: Safety and Financial Analysis of Outpatient Dose-Adjusted EPOCH for B-cell Lymphoma at a Tertiary Comprehensive Cancer Center
Authors: Wenhui Li, Katherine Simondsen, Katherine Tobon, Kevin McCarthy, Timothy Kubal
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2020)

"BPI20-015: Safety and Financial Analysis of Outpatient Dose-Adjusted EPOCH for B-cell Lymphoma at a Tertiary Comprehensive Cancer Center" published on 20 Mar 2020 by National Comprehensive Cancer Network.
Surveillance after potentially curative breast cancer treatment: The impact of HMOs.
Authors: Robert J. Avino, Emad S. Allam, Julie A. Margenthaler, Ling Chen, Katherine S. Virgo, Frank E. Johnson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

6079 Background: Over 230,000 new cases of breast cancer are diagnosed in the US annually. Most patients receive curative-intent treatment. Post-treatment surveillance is commonly done. We have previously documented dramatic variation in surveillance intensity among ASCO experts. The only surveillance modalities endorsed by ASCO for asymptomatic patients are office visit and mammogram. It is commonly believed that health maintenance organizations (HMOs) restrict test utilization. We sought to determine the effect of HMO penetration rate on the known variation in surveillance strategies. Methods: The 3245 ASCO members who indicated that breast cancer was a major clinical focus of their practice were surveyed regarding their surveillance practices. Members were asked to consider 4 idealized clinical vignettes and indicate their surveillance plan for each. A menu of 12 testing modalities was offered. Practice patterns were stratified by HMO penetration rate (0-14%, 14-22%, 22-33%, 33-61%) in each physician’s practice location. Repeated-measures ANOVA was employed for analysis. Results: Of the ASCO members surveyed, 1012 responded; 915 were evaluable. The modalities most frequently recommended were office visit, CBC, liver function tests (LFTs), and diagnostic mammogram. There was significant variation (p&lt;0.05) in the recommended frequency of utilization of diagnostic mammogram, but in no other modalities. For example, in year 1, diagnostic mammogram was recommended 1.9 ± 1.8 (mean ±SD) times for the 0-14% penetration rate cohort and 1.5 ± 1.1 times for the 14-22% cohort. Conclusions: We found little evidence that HMOs restrict test utilization. The HMO penetration rate in the clinician’s practice location cannot account for the overall variation we have documented previously.
A RARE CASE OF HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE (H. INFLUENZAE) SEROTYPE F ENDOCARDITIS COMPLICATED BY CONCURRENT CARDIOGENIC AND SEPTIC SHOCK: A CASE OF CHALLENGING MANAGEMENT
Authors: Wasiq Sheikh, Anshul Parulkar, Malik Bilal Ahmed, Fabio Lima, Robert Vazquez, Raymond R. Russell
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by definitive local treatment in locally advanced carcinoma maxillary sinus.
Authors: Vijay Patil, Kumar Prabhash, Vanita Noronha, Amit Joshi, Vamshi Muddu, Bharat Chauhan, S Juvekar, D. Chaukar, Pankaj Chaturvedi, P. S. Pai, A. K. Dcruz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

5585 Background: Locally advanced carcinoma of maxillary sinus has been historically reported to have poor prognosis. We evaluated the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in improving the outcome in these patients. Methods: 41 patients with locally advanced borderline resectable (stage IVa) or unresectable maxillary carcinoma (stage IVb) were treated with induction chemotherapy between 2008 and 2011. The protocol included 2 cycles of chemotherapy, response assessment and multidisciplinary clinic review for definitive local treatment. The demographic profile, response to induction therapy, toxicity of chemotherapy, definitive treatment received, time to treatment failure (TTF) and overall survival (OS) were analysed. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to determine factors associated with response, TTF and OS. Results: The cohort of 41 patients had a median age of 48 years (22-71) with male preponderance (80.5%). The chemotherapy included two drugs (platinum and taxane) in 34 patients (82.9%) and three drugs (platinum, taxane and 5 FU) in 7(17.1%) The taxane utilized was docetaxel in 22 patients (53.7%) and paclitaxel in 19 patients (46.3%). There was no complete response, stable disease in 18 (43.9%), partial response in 16 (39%), and progression in 7 (17.1%) patients. All patients competed two cycles of chemotherapy, adequate dose intensity was maintained in 33 patients (78%) and there were no deaths. Post-induction, the treatment planned included surgery in 12 (29.3%), CT-RT in 24 (58.5%), radical RT in 1 (2.4%), palliative RT in 1 (2.4%) and palliative chemotherapy in 3 ( 7.3%) patients. Overall, the median TTF was 10.2 months. With 16 deaths, the median OS was not reached. Only response post-induction was significantly associated with better TTF (p=0.02). Grade 3 tumor (p=0.04) and baseline serum albumin more than 4 mg/dl (p=0.02) were associated with better OS. Grade 3-4 neutropenia, febrile neutropenia and loose motions were seen in 21.1%, 23.8% and 15.8% respectively. Conclusions: In unresectable maxillary carcinoma, induction chemotherapy has clinically significant benefit with acceptable toxicity. Response to induction was the only significant factor for improved TTF.
FUNCTIONAL AND PROGNOSTIC IMPLICATIONS OF CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE FEATURE TRACKING DERIVED REMOTE MYOCARDIAL STRAIN ANALYSES IN PATIENTS FOLLOWING ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Torben Lange, Thomas Stiermaier, Sören J. Backhaus, Patricia Boom, Johannes Kowallick, Joachim Lotz, Shelby Kutty, Boris Bigalke, Matthias Gutberlet, Gerd Hasenfuß, Holger Thiele, Ingo Eitel, Andreas Schuster
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Caring for Alaska native prostate cancer survivors in primary care: A survey of Alaska Tribal Health System providers.
Authors: Jon C. Tilburt, Simon P. Kim, Stacey Kelley, Katherine James, Christine DeCourtney, Gregory Marino, Lynn McCormick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

6126 Background: Little is known about the actual constraints of doing so in the distinctive geographic context of Alaska. We performed a survey of primary care providers (PCPs) within the Alaska Tribal Health System (ATHS) to learn more about their attitudes and practices surrounding prostate cancer (PC) survivorship care. Methods: We surveyed primary care physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants practicing in the ATHS. We administered surveys to assess attitudes about PSA monitoring, responsibility for long-term surveillance, supporting emotional health and medical needs, their degree of confidence in managing patients on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), as well as their comfort level in managing common side effects of treatment. Results: Of the 221 providers surveyed, 114 responded (52%). Most PCPs indicated a preference for annual PSA monitoring (69%), but several (27%) indicated monitoring every 6 months, and a few (4%) indicated monitoring every 24 months. Most (60%) thought PCPs should manage cancer surveillance, but many (40%) thought a specialist (urologist or medical oncologist) should perform that function. When asked about supporting patients’ emotional needs, PCPs indicated that support groups (63%) followed by survivorship clinics (16%) or on-site specialist visits (14%) were the most appropriate venues to address these concerns. Most respondents thought that medical needs of PC survivors could be addressed locally with appropriate specialty input (71%) or potentially through dedicated survivorship clinics (14%). Only 46% indicated being "moderately" or "very" confident managing ADT. Most PCPs indicated being moderately or very comfortable monitoring for recurrence (59%), managing erectile dysfunction (66%), addressing urinary incontinence (63%), and addressing emotional needs (61%). Conclusions: PCPs practicing in the ATHS express comfort with monitoring for PC recurrence, but express some concerns about the full range of issues in PC survivorship. Constructing cancer survivor care models in geographically dispersed and resource-limited contexts for Alaska Natives is an ongoing clinical and policy challenge.
Expression of Concern: HMGB1 and Its Hyperacetylated Isoform are Sensitive and Specific Serum Biomarkers to Detect Asbestos Exposure and to Identify Mesothelioma Patients
Authors: Andrea Napolitano, Daniel J. Antoine, Laura Pellegrini, Francine Baumann, Ian Pagano, Sandra Pastorino, Chandra M. Goparaju, Kirill Prokrym, Claudia Canino, Harvey I. Pass, Michele Carbone, Haining Yang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

The editors are publishing this note to alert readers to a concern about [this article][1] ([1][2]). An ongoing investigation at the University of Liverpool revealed concerns regarding the integrity of the mass spectrometry data contributed by one of the authors of this article. The authors are
Challenges for NHS hospitals during covid-19 epidemic
Authors: John Willan, Andrew John King, Katie Jeffery, Nicola Bienz
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Delivery of every aspect of care by all clinical and non-clinical departments in the UK's NHS is being reassessed and fundamentally reorganised in the expectation of an imminent surge of patients with covid-19. 1Modelling of the outbreak assumes an infection fatality ratio of 0.9% and a hospital admission rate of 4.4%, with 30% of those admitted requiring critical care or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 2 3The increased demand on healthcare services will be compounded by the apparent increased risk of infection among healthcare workers, 4 and staff absences because of illness or self-isolation may be as high as 20%. 11 The government has made recommendations for case isolation, social distancing, and household quarantine intended to reduce the peak of the epidemic and the resulting pressure on NHS hospitals. 5
Long-term follow-up of 168 patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia reveals increased morbidity and mortality
Authors: Vassilios Lougaris, Annarosa Soresina, Manuela Baronio, Davide Montin, Silvana Martino, Sara Signa, Stefano Volpi, Marco Zecca, Maddalena Marinoni, Lucia Augusta Baselli, Rosa Maria Dellepiane, Maria Carrabba, Giovanna Fabio, Maria Caterina Putti, Francesco Cinetto, Claudio Lunardi, Luisa Gazzurelli, Alessio Benvenuto, Patrizia Bertolini, Francesca Conti, Rita Consolini, Silvia Ricci, Chiara Azzari, Lucia Leonardi, Marzia Duse, Federica Pulvirenti, Cinzia Milito, Isabella Quinti, Caterina Cancrini, Andrea Finocchi, Viviana Moschese, Emilia Cirillo, Ludovica Crescenzi, Giuseppe Spadaro, Carolina Marasco, Angelo Vacca, Fabio Cardinale, Baldassare Martire, Antonino Trizzino, Maria Licciardello, Fausto Cossu, Gigliola Di Matteo, Raffaele Badolato, Simona Ferrari, Silvia Giliani, Andrea Pession, Alberto Ugazio, Claudio Pignata, Alessandro Plebani
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES TO PREDICT IN-HOSPITAL CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES IN ELDERLY PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Agam Bansal, Samir Kapadia, Stephen Ellis, Beni Rai Verma, Ingrid Hsiung, Medhat Farwati, Manpreet Kaur, Achintya Singh, Manik Aggarwal, Vardhmaan Jain, Venu Menon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
RESIDUAL CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN U.S. VETERANS WITH MODERATELY-ELEVATED BASELINE TRIGLYCERIDES ACROSS THE CARDIOVASCULAR RISK SPECTRUM
Authors: Sarah Leatherman, Ryan E. Ferguson, Cynthia Hau, Craig Granowitz, Kelly Harrington, Sephy Philip, Peter Toth, Deepak Bhatt, William E. Boden
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
PRE PCI PERICORONARY INFLAMMATION PREDICTS GLOBAL CORONARY FLOW RESERVE AFTER URGENT REVASCULARIZATION IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Yoshihisa Kanaji, Hidenori Hirano, Tomoyo Sugiyama, Masahiro Hoshino, Tomoki Horie, Toru Misawa, Kai Nogami, Hiroki Ueno, Masao Yamaguchi, Yohei Sumino, Taishi Yonetsu, Tsunekazu Kakuta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Initiation and propagation of α-synuclein aggregation in the nervous system
Authors: Baraa A. Hijaz, Laura A. Volpicelli-Daley
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2020)

The two main pathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease are loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and proteinaceous amyloid fibrils composed mostly of α-synuclein, called Lewy pathology. Levodopa to enhance dopaminergic transmission remains one of the most effective treatment for alleviating the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (Olanow, Mov Disord 34:812-815, 2019). In addition, deep brain stimulation (Bronstein et al., Arch Neurol 68:165, 2011) to modulate basal ganglia circuit activity successfully alleviates some motor symptoms. MRI guided focused ultrasound in the subthalamic nucleus is a promising therapeutic strategy as well (Martinez-Fernandez et al., Lancet Neurol 17:54-63, 2018). However, to date, there exists no treatment that stops the progression of this disease. The findings that α-synuclein can be released from neurons and inherited through interconnected neural networks opened the door for discovering novel treatment strategies to prevent the formation and spread of Lewy pathology with the goal of halting PD in its tracks. This hypothesis is based on discoveries that pathologic aggregates of α-synuclein induce the endogenous α-synuclein protein to adopt a similar pathologic conformation, and is thus self-propagating. Phase I clinical trials are currently ongoing to test treatments such as immunotherapy to prevent the neuron to neuron spread of extracellular aggregates. Although tremendous progress has been made in understanding how Lewy pathology forms and spreads throughout the brain, cell intrinsic factors also play a critical role in the formation of pathologic α-synuclein, such as mechanisms that increase endogenous α-synuclein levels, selective expression profiles in distinct neuron subtypes, mutations and altered function of proteins involved in α-synuclein synthesis and degradation, and oxidative stress. Strategies that prevent the formation of pathologic α-synuclein should consider extracellular release and propagation, as well as neuron intrinsic mechanisms.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF MAINSTREAM CIGARETTE SMOKING AND NICOTINE ON ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Authors: Affan Irfan, George Augustine Koromia, Waiel Abusnina, Andrew P. DeFilippis, Mark Studeny, Pawel Lorkiewicz, Aruni Bhatnagar, Alex Carll
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
CARDIOVASCULAR AND RENAL OUTCOMES OF MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST USE IN PARAGON-HF
Authors: Karola Jering, Finnian Mc Causland, Faiez Zannad, Brian Claggett, Marty Lefkowitz, Burkert Mathias Pieske, Jean L. Rouleau, Victor Shi, Turia Ben-Gal, Carolyn Lam, Sanjiv Shah, John McMurray, Scott D. Solomon, Marc A. Pfeffer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)