tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fornix-Region Deep Brain Stimulation–Induced Memory Flashbacks in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Wissam Deeb, Bryan Salvato, Leonardo Almeida, Kelly D Foote, Robert Amaral, Jurgen Germann, Paul B Rosenberg, David F Tang-Wai, David A Wolk, Anna D Burke, Stephen Salloway, Marwan N Sabbagh, M Mallar Chakravarty, Gwenn S Smith, Constantine G Lyketsos, Andres M Lozano, Michael S Okun
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

Vivid Memories Elicited by Hippocampal Stimulation In a trial of stimulation of the fornix and subcallosal regions of the hippocampus involving 42 patients with Alzheimer’s disease, 20 patients rep...
It’s not them, it’s you. Dodge the despair and disseminate your work effectively!
Authors: Andrew Murray, Jennifer Duncan, Danny Glover, Steffan Arthur Griffin, Ania Tarazi
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2019)

There you are, spending hours, days, months maybe even years on your research. You go ahead and publish it and alas! Those stress-filled seasons turn into a meagre 10 downloads. ‘ No one gets how important this is!’ you cry. Let us at the B ritish Journal of Sports Medicine (BJSM), prepare cushions around you and break it to you: it’s not them, it’s you!

You expected a dopamine reward kick, but you have missed out because you’ve only done two-thirds of the work—the research part and the publish part. That last part is communicating your work. Why? Well, for you. It’s part of your personal growth- the more people your work reaches, the better engagement you’ll have1 2 and the better the discourse around your topic will be! We believe it’s your professional duty to get the word out in a way that works for your audience. And it’s not only us. Funding agencies, academic institutions and …
National, Regional, State, and Selected Local Area Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescents Aged 13–17 Years — United States, 2018
Authors: Tanja Y. Walker, Laurie D. Elam-Evans, David Yankey, Lauri E. Markowitz, Charnetta L. Williams, Benjamin Fredua, James A. Singleton, Shannon Stokley
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2019)

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends routine vaccination of persons aged 11-12 years to protect against certain diseases, including human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers, meningococcal disease, and pertussis (1). A booster dose of quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) is recommended at age 16 years, and serogroup B meningococcal vaccine (MenB) may be administered to persons aged 16-23 years (1). To estimate vaccination coverage among adolescents in the United States, CDC analyzed data from the 2018 National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen) which included 18,700 adolescents aged 13-17 years.* During 2017-2018, coverage with ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine increased from 65.5% to 68.1%, and the percentage of adolescents up-to-date† with the HPV vaccine series increased from 48.6% to 51.1%, although the increases were only observed among males. Vaccination coverage increases were also observed for ≥1 MenACWY dose (from 85.1% to 86.6%) and ≥2 MenACWY doses (from 44.3% to 50.8%). Coverage with tetanus and reduced diphtheria toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) remained stable at 89%. Disparities in coverage by metropolitan statistical area (MSA)§ and health insurance status identified in previous years persisted (2). Coverage with ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine was higher among adolescents whose parents reported receiving a provider recommendation; however, prevalence of parents reporting receiving a recommendation for adolescent HPV vaccination varied by state (range = 60%-91%). Supporting providers to give strong recommendations and effectively address parental concerns remains a priority, especially in states and rural areas where provider recommendations were less commonly reported.
Review: In HF with iron deficiency, iron supplementation reduces HF admissions and improves cardiac function
Authors: Marc D. Samsky, L. Kristin Newby
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

ACP Journal Club20 August 2019Review: In HF with iron deficiency, iron supplementation reduces HF admissions and improves cardiac functionMarc D. Samsky, MD, L. Kristin Newby, MD, MHSMarc D. Samsky, MDDivision of Cardiology and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA (M.D.S., L.K.N.)Search for more papers by this author, L. Kristin Newby, MD, MHSDivision of Cardiology and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA (M.D.S., L.K.N.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJ201908200-019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationZhou X, Xu W, Xu Y, Qian Z. Iron supplementation improves cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure. Am J Med. 2019. [Epub ahead of print.] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30853478Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Cardiology: Reference1 McDonagh T, Damy T, Doehner W, et al. Screening, diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency in chronic heart failure: putting the 2016 European Society of Cardiology heart failure guidelines into clinical practice. Eur J Heart Fail. 2018;20:1664-72. [PMID: 30311713] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Cardiology and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA (M.D.S., L.K.N.)This article was published at Annals.org on 6 August 2019. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 August 2019Volume 171, Issue 4Page: JC19KeywordsCardiomyopathiesHeart failureHospitalizationsIron deficiencyMortalityNatriuretic peptidesOutpatientsQuality of lifeQuestionnaires ePublished: 20 August 2019 Issue Published: 20 August 2019 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2019 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Electrocardiographic Diagnosis of Atrial Arrhythmias
Authors: Elsayed Z. Soliman, Prashant D. Bhave, Lin Y. Chen
Journal: JAMA (2019)

This Clinical Challenge reviews ways to distinguish atrial ectopy, AV block, multifocal atrial tachycardia, and other supraventricular tachycardias from atrial fibrillation in patients with absent P waves, irregularly irregular R-R intervals, and f waves on electrocardiography.
SP0178 Surgery in the patient with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: J Lloyd
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3></h3> The person with Rheumatoid Arthritis has a higher than average chance of undergoing surgery at some stage in the disease process. Surgery is not without risks and a benefit/risk assessment is essential in all patients for selection. This presentation will address care of the patient with RA before and after surgery from a multi-disciplinary view point. General considerations prior to surgery will be mentioned. Potential problems specific to the person with RA include care of the cervical spine during intubation, infection both due to low haemoglobin and drug therapy, care of the skin and other joints whilst recumbent and management of drug therapy. These will be analysed along with possible management protocols and strategies. Pre and post surgical intervention physiotherapy is a luxury for some patients, for those with RA it is an essential component of the continued care of this group.
Patterns of peri-operative systemic therapy in liver-limited metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Authors: Trenton Tyler Kellock, Daniel John Renouf, Caroline Speers, Winson Y. Cheung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e14048 Background: Treatment for liver-limited mCRC is increasingly multi-disciplinary, frequently involving systemic therapy and surgery. Our aims were to 1) explore the use and choice of systemic therapy pre- and post-liver resection and 2) examine if specific regimens were associated with improved outcomes. Methods: All patients diagnosed with liver-limited mCRC in British Columbia, Canada from 2006 to 2007 were reviewed. Summary statistics were used to describe surgical and systemic treatment patterns. Kaplan-Meier methodology was used to characterize the relationship between systemic regimen and survival. Results: Among 374 patients, 42% were aged &gt;/=70 years, 60% were men, 24/39/37% were ECOG 0/1/2+, 80% had primary tumor surgery, and 68% received prior adjuvant chemotherapy. For liver metastases, 95 (26%) were offered hepatic resection. Compared to those who did not receive liver surgery, resected patients were younger (median 60 vs 69), had better function (ECOG 0/1 88 vs 55%), largest liver lesion was smaller (median 3 vs 4 cm), and had fewer total lesions (median 1 vs 4) (all p&lt;0.05). Patients who underwent liver surgery also had improved median overall survival (12.0 vs 9.4 months, p&lt;0.05) than those who did not. Among resected patients, 47% received pre-operative chemotherapy: FOLFOX (28%, median 7 cycles), FOLFIRI (18%, median 9 cycles), or capecitabine (1%, median 6 cycles) while 74% received post-operative treatment: FOLFOX (26%, median 3 cycles), FOLFIRI (37%, median 9 cycles), or capecitabine (11%, median 8 cycles). About 15% and 31% of patients also received bevacizumab as part of their pre- and post-operative regimens, respectively. Median overall survival did not differ significantly based on choice of chemotherapy backbone: FOLFOX (13.9 months), FOLFIRI (11.5 months), and capecitabine (10.9 months) (p=0.44) or receipt of bevacizumab: yes (14.5 months) vs no (11.1 months) (p=0.57) Conclusions: In this retrospective cohort of liver-limited mCRC patients, hepatic resection was associated with improved survival. Among those offered peri-operative therapy, FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, and capecitabine, either alone or in combination with bevacizumab, appear to be reasonable options.
Peripheral-blood stem cell transplantation in pediatric recipients in Peru: Experience of a reference center.
Authors: Essy Maradiegue, Oliver Guillermo Sulca-Huamani, Alvaro Jesus Quincho-Lopez, Kelly Jasmin Meza, Liliana Vasquez, Juan Luis Garcia, Sharon Chavez, Cecilia Ugaz, Jacqueline Montoya, Katy Ordoñez, Rosdali Yesenia Diaz Coronado, Arturo Zapata, Roxana Morales, Romulo Reaño, Eddy Hernandez Broncano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

e21530 Background: Stem cell transplantation (SCT) is a curative treatment for children with refractory/relapsed malignancies. However, data on pediatric transplantation in developing countries like Peru is still needed. The aim of this study was to describe and assess the survival and complications of children with neoplastic disease who have received peripheral-blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) at a reference center in Peru. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study was performed by reviewing medical histories of 20 children (≤14 years) with neoplastic disease who underwent related allo- or auto-PBSCT from October 2014 to December 2017 of INEN (Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas). In the cases of ALL &gt; 3 years, radiotherapy was not part of the conditioning regimen. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine the overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS). Data were analyzed using Stata/MP 14.0. Results: We found 13 males and 7 females with a median age of 9.5 years (1-14), of whom 18 received allo-SCT and 2 auto-SCT. Diagnosis: 14 ALL(66.6%), 1 AML(4.7%), 1 NHL(4.7%), 2 biphenotypic leukemia(9.5%), 1 juvenile chronic myelomonocytic leukemia(4.7%) and 1 germ cell tumor(4.7%) who performed two auto-transplants. Complete remission (CR) was achieved before transplantation in 19 cases: 8(38%) 1CR; 8(38%) 2CR and 3(14.2%) 3CR. A median of 7.14x10 6 CD34+/kg (3.97-13.05) (auto- vs allo-; 6.35 vs 7.27) were collected and median time to myeloid engrafment: 11 days. At a median follow-up of 12 months (1-39) the 2-year OS and EFS were 75.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 38-92%) and 51.6% (95% CI, 22-74%) respectively. Considering only ALL &gt; 3 years, OS and EFS were 51.9% and 45.1%, respectively. Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), chronic GVHD, transplantation-related mortality (TRM) and relapse were 27.7%, 11.1%, 4.7%, and 33.3%, respectively. Conclusions: We are encouraged by this first experience in our country. OS and EFS are comparable with results at the international level. However, survival of children with ALL &gt; 3 years who did not receive radiotherapy is less than international standards. Studies with a higher number of cases and longer follow-up time are needed to reach definitive conclusions.
Review: Long-term alendronate or zoledronic acid reduces fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis
Authors: Douglas C. Bauer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

Source Citation Fink HA, MacDonald R, Forte ML, et al. Long-term drug therapy and drug discontinuations and holidays for osteoporosis fracture prevention: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2019;171:37-50.
The epidemiology of sickle cell disease in children recruited in infancy in Kilifi, Kenya: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Sophie Uyoga, Alex W Macharia, George Mochamah, Carolyne M Ndila, Gideon Nyutu, Johnstone Makale, Metrine Tendwa, Emily Nyatichi, John Ojal, Mark Otiende, Mohammed Shebe, Kennedy O Awuondo, Neema Mturi, Norbert Peshu, Benjamin Tsofa, Kathryn Maitland, J Anthony G Scott, Thomas N Williams
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2019)

Sickle cell disease is the most common severe monogenic disorder in humans. In Africa, 50-90% of children born with sickle cell disease die before they reach their fifth birthday. In this study, we aimed to describe the comparative incidence of specific clinical outcomes among children aged between birth and 5 years with and without sickle cell disease, who were resident within the Kilifi area of Kenya.
Targeting Glycolysis through Inhibition of Lactate Dehydrogenase Impairs Tumor Growth in Preclinical Models of Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Choh Yeung, Anna E. Gibson, Sameer H. Issaq, Nobu Oshima, Joshua T. Baumgart, Leah D. Edessa, Ganesha Rai, Daniel J. Urban, Michelle S. Johnson, Gloria A. Benavides, Giuseppe L. Squadrito, Marielle E. Yohe, Haiyan Lei, Sandy Eldridge, John Hamre, Tyrone Dowdy, Victor Ruiz-Rodado, Adrian Lita, Arnulfo Mendoza, Jack F. Shern, Mioara Larion, Lee J. Helman, Gordon M. Stott, Murali C. Krishna, Matthew D. Hall, Victor Darley-Usmar, Leonard M. Neckers, Christine M. Heske
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Altered cellular metabolism, including an increased dependence on aerobic glycolysis, is a hallmark of cancer. Despite the fact that this observation was first made nearly a century ago, effective therapeutic targeting of glycolysis in cancer has remained elusive. One potentially promising approach involves targeting the glycolytic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which is overexpressed and plays a critical role in several cancers. Here, we used a novel class of LDH inhibitors to demonstrate, for the first time, that Ewing sarcoma cells are exquisitely sensitive to inhibition of LDH. EWS-FLI1, the oncogenic driver of Ewing sarcoma, regulated LDH A (LDHA) expression. Genetic depletion of LDHA inhibited proliferation of Ewing sarcoma cells and induced apoptosis, phenocopying pharmacologic inhibition of LDH. LDH inhibitors affected Ewing sarcoma cell viability both
Patient-derived xenografts of central nervous system metastasis reveal expansion of aggressive minor clones
Authors: Ben Yi Tew, Christophe Legendre, Mark A Schroeder, Tim Triche, Gerald C Gooden, Yizhou Huang, Loren Butry, Daniel J Ma, Kyle Johnson, Rae Anne Martinez, Mariaelena Pierobon, Emanuel F Petricoin, Joyce O’shaughnessy, Cindy Osborne, Coya Tapia, David N Buckley, Jennifer Glen, Mark Bernstein, Jann N Sarkaria, Steven A Toms, Bodour Salhia
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

The dearth of relevant tumor models reflecting the heterogeneity of human central nervous system metastasis (CM) has hindered development of novel therapies.We established 39 CM patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models representing the histological spectrum, and performed phenotypic and multi-omic characterization of PDXs and their original patient tumors. PDX clonal evolution was also reconstructed using allele-specific copy number and somatic variants.PDXs retained their metastatic potential, with flank-implanted PDXs forming spontaneous metastases in multiple organs, including brain, and CM subsequent to intracardiac injection. PDXs also retained the histological and molecular profiles of the original patient tumors, including retention of genomic aberrations and signaling pathways. Novel modes of clonal evolution involving rapid expansion by a minor clone were identified in 2 PDXs, including CM13, which was highly aggressive in vivo forming multiple spontaneous metastases, including to brain. These PDXs had little molecular resemblance to the patient donor tumor, including reversion to a copy number neutral genome, no shared nonsynonymous mutations, and no correlation by gene expression.We generated a diverse and novel repertoire of PDXs that provides a new set of tools to enhance our knowledge of CM biology and improve preclinical testing. Furthermore, our study suggests that minor clone succession may confer tumor aggressiveness and potentiate brain metastasis.
Reappraisal of the risks and benefits of major liver resection in patients with initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases.
Authors: Francois Cauchy, Beatrice Aussilhou, Safi Dokmak, David Fuks, Olivier Farges, Sandrine J. Faivre, Jacques Belghiti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

3609 Background: Improvements in both surgical technique and efficacy of chemotherapy have increased the rate of resection for patients with initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases (IU-CRLM). We aimed to evaluate the short and long-term outcomes of major hepatectomy for such patients. Methods: From 2000 to 2011, 257 patients underwent major hepatectomy for CRLM. Seventy-eight (30%) of these patients were considered IU and required portal vein occlusion and/or ≥12 cycles or change in induction chemotherapy regimen to achieve resectability. Results: IU patients had respectively more lesions (5.6 vs.3.6, p=0.001), more frequently bilobar (70% vs.50% p=0.008) and synchronous (83.3% vs.70%, p=0.027) than initially resectable (IR) patients. Post-operative mortality (12.8% vs.1.7%, p=0.001) and major complications (46.2% vs.22.3%, p=0.0001) were higher in IU patients. An associated metabolic syndrome (HR 5.2, CI 1.2-21.9, p=0.025), high grade sinusoidal lesions (HR 2.4, CI 1.1-5.8, p=0.044) and the need for vascular reconstruction (HR 6.3, CI 1.2-34.4, p=0.032) were significant risk factors for major morbidity in IU patients. Significantly fewer IU patients received adjuvant chemotherapy in case of major postoperative complications compared to IR patients (47% vs. 83%, p=0.001). Overall 5-year survival was significantly lower in IU than in IR patients (26% vs.55%, p=0.032) and all IU patients had tumor recurrence within 3 years. The absence of adjuvant chemotherapy and tumor size ≥5 cm were the only factors associated with poor survival in multivariate analysis for IU patients. Conclusions: IU-CRLM patients requiring major liver resection displayed higher morbidity and mortality rates than IR ones, therefore compromising both short and long-term outcomes. Multimodal strategy should be reassessed in the presence of metabolic syndrome, sinusoidal lesions or major vascular involvement.
Fighting Epilepsy Stigma
Authors: Bridget Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2019)

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Safety, Tolerability and efficacy of Rapid Optimization, helped by NT‐proBNP and GDF‐15, of Heart Failure therapies (STRONG‐HF): rationale and design for a multicentre, randomized, parallel‐group study
Authors: Antoine Kimmoun, Gad Cotter, Beth Davison, Koji Takagi, Faouzi Addad, Jelena Celutkiene, Ovidiu Chioncel, Alain Cohen Solal, Rafael Diaz, Albertino Damasceno, Hans‐Dirk Duengen, Gerasimos Filippatos, Eva Goncalvesova, Imad Merai, Marco Metra, Piotr Ponikowski, Dmitry Privalov, Karen Sliwa, Mahmoud Umar Sani, Adriaan A. Voors, Zaur Shogenov, Alexandre Mebazaa
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2019)
Hyperparathyroidism Due to Concurrent Parathyroid Carcinoma and Parathyroid Adenoma
Authors: Jiqin Yang, Yanmei Li, Juan Li, Pengfei Yang, Lingyan Huang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

Abstract Parathyroid carcinoma is uncommon, and its coexistence with parathyroid adenoma is extremely rare. A 28-year-old woman with hyperparathyroidism underwent dual-phase 99m Tc-sestamibi SPECT/CT scan for presurgical evaluation. The images showed intense activity inside the left side thyroid and mild activity inside the right side of the thyroid. The histopathologic findings showed intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma on the left side and intrathyroid parathyroid adenoma on the right side.
Continuous Treatment with Lenalidomide Improves Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Myeloma Patients Not Eligible for Autologous Stem Cell Transplant: Results of the Myeloma XI Trial
Authors: Charlotte Pawlyn, Faith E. Davies, David Cairns, Alina Striha, Phillip Best, Rachel Sigsworth, John R Jones, Bhuvan Kishore, Mamta Garg, Cathy Williams, Kamaraj Karunanithi, Jindriska Lindsay, Matthew W Jenner, Gordon Cook, Martin F Kaiser, Mark T Drayson, Roger G Owen, Nigel H. Russell, Walter M Gregory, Graham Jackson, Gareth J. Morgan
Journal: Blood (2017)