tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bone Marrow Biopsy
Authors: Dianne Silvestri
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α) Is Increased in Patients with Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia and Correlates with the Severity of Disease.
Authors: Evangelos Terpos, Athanasios Anagnostopoulos, Efstathios Kastritis, Aristotelis Bamias, Konstantinos Tsionos, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Journal: Blood (2005)
Natural products remodel cancer-associated fibroblasts in desmoplastic tumors
Authors: Rujing Chen, Leaf Huang, Kaili Hu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2020)

Desmoplastic tumors have an abundance of stromal cells and the extracellular matrix which usually result in therapeutic resistance. Current treatment prescriptions for desmoplastic tumors are usually not sufficient to eliminate the malignancy. Recently, through modulating cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) which are the most abundant cell type among all stromal cells, natural products have improved chemotherapies and the delivery of nanomedicines to the tumor cells, showing promising ability to improve treatment effects on desmoplastic tumors. In this review, we discussed the latest advances in inhibiting desmoplastic tumors by modeling CAFs using natural products, highlighting the potential therapeutic abilities of natural products in targeting CAFs for cancer treatment.
Festina lente: hydroxychloroquine, COVID-19 and the role of the rheumatologist
Authors: Elizabeth R Graef, Jean W Liew, Michael S Putman, Julia F Simard, Emily Sirotich, Francis Berenbaum, Alí Duarte-García, Rebecca Grainger, Carly Harrison, Maximilian F Konig, Peter Korsten, Laurie Proulx, Dawn P Richards, Philip C Robinson, Sebastian E Sattui, Manuel Francisco Ugarte-Gil, Kristen J Young, Alfred HJ Kim, Jeffrey A Sparks
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The profession of a horse-racing jockey is a dangerous one. We developed a decision tree model quantifying the effects of implementing different safety strategies on jockey fall and injury rates and their associated costs. <h3>Methods</h3> Data on race-day falls were obtained from stewards’ reports from August 2002 to July 2009. Insurance claim data were provided by Principal Racing Authorities and workers’ compensation authorities in each jurisdiction. Fall and claim incidence data were used as baseline rates. The model considered (1) the status quo, in which policy was unchanged; and (2) compared it with four hypothetical changes in policy that restricted apprentice jockeys from riding less-accomplished horses, with the aim of improving safety by reducing incidence of injurious jockey falls. Second-order Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to account for uncertainties. <h3>Results</h3> The point estimate for mean costs of falls under the status quo was $30.73/ride, with falls by apprentice jockeys with &lt;250 career race rides riding horses with less than five race starts contributing the highest costs ($98.49/ride). The hypothetical safety strategies resulted in a 1.04%–5.07% decrease in fall rates versus status quo. For three of the four strategies, significant reductions of 8.74%–13.13% in workers’ compensation costs over one single race season were predicted. Costs were highly sensitive to large claims. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This model is a useful instrument for comparing potential changes in cost and risks associated with implementing new safety strategies in the horseracing industry.
Ozone exposure leads to changes in airway permeability, microbiota and metabolome: a randomised, double-blind, crossover trial
Authors: Yue Niu, Renjie Chen, Cuiping Wang, Weidong Wang, Jing Jiang, Weidong Wu, Jing Cai, Zhuohui Zhao, Xiaohui Xu, Haidong Kan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

<b>Ozone inhalation could lead to depleted diversity of respiratory bacterial community, imbalanced proportion between commensal and pathogenic bacteria, and elevated levels of glucose and its metabolites in respiratory tract</b>https://bit.ly/2JS9OJQ
Correction: A six-gene leukemic stem cell score identifies high risk pediatric acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Abdelrahman H. Elsayed, Roya Rafiee, Xueyuan Cao, Susana Raimondi, James R. Downing, Raul Ribeiro, Yiping Fan, Tanja A. Gruber, Sharyn Baker, Jeffery Klco, Jeffrey E. Rubnitz, Stanley Pounds, Jatinder K. Lamba
Journal: Leukemia (2020)
Multicenter analysis of clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 who develop liver injury
Authors: Xiaolong Qi, Chuan Liu, Zicheng Jiang, Ye Gu, Guo Zhang, Chuxiao Shao, Hongmei Yue, Zhenhuai Chen, Baoyi Ma, Dengxiang Liu, Lin Zhang, Jitao Wang, Dan Xu, Junqiang Lei, Xun Li, Huihong Huang, Yan Wang, Hongyan Liu, Jie Yang, Hongqiu Pan, Weiying Liu, Wenjuan Wang, Fujian Li, Shengqiang Zou, Hongguang Zhang, Jiahong Dong
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
The role of long noncoding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Huang, Jian-Kang Zhou, Yong Peng, Weifeng He, Canhua Huang
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2020)

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent subtype of primary liver cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC pathogenesis have not been fully understood. Emerging evidences have recently suggested the crucial role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the tumorigenesis and progression of HCC. Various HCC-related lncRNAs have been shown to possess aberrant expression and participate in cancerous phenotypes (e.g. persistent proliferation, evading apoptosis, accelerated vessel formation and gain of invasive capability) through their binding with DNA, RNA or proteins, or encoding small peptides. Thus, a deeper understanding of lncRNA dysregulation would provide new insights into HCC pathogenesis and novel tools for the early diagnosis and treatment of HCC. In this review, we summarize the dysregulation of lncRNAs expression in HCC and their tumor suppressive or oncogenic roles during HCC tumorigenesis. Moreover, we discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic potentials of lncRNAs in HCC.
Patterns and determinants of exhaled nitric oxide trajectories in schoolchildren over a 7-year period
Authors: Erika Garcia, Yue Zhang, Edward B. Rappaport, Kiros Berhane, Patrick Muchmore, Philip E. Silkoff, Noa Molshatzki, Frank D. Gilliland, Sandrah P. Eckel
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Fractional exhaled nitric oxide ( F ENO 50 ), a marker of allergic airway inflammation, is used in respiratory research and asthma clinical care; however, its trajectory with increasing age during childhood has not been well characterised. We examined F ENO 50 longitudinally during a period of important somatic growth to describe trajectories across childhood and adolescence in healthy participants and evaluate clinical factors as potential determinants of trajectories. F ENO 50 was collected at six visits over 8 years in a population-based cohort of 1791 schoolchildren without asthma (median age at entry 8.4 years). Smooth sex-specific F ENO 50 trajectories were estimated using generalised additive mixed models, with participant-level random effects. We evaluated whether sex-specific trajectories were influenced by race/ethnicity, body mass index (BMI) percentile, allergic rhinitis or puberty. Different F ENO 50 patterns were observed by sex in later childhood and several factors were associated with either F ENO 50 level or change in F ENO 50 as participants aged. F ENO 50 –age trajectories were similar by sex until age ∼11.5 years, after which males had greater F ENO 50 change than females. This divergence in F ENO 50 –age trajectories coincides with puberty. Males with higher starting BMI percentile had attenuated F ENO 50 –age slopes. Among males, F ENO 50 levels were lower in non-Hispanic white subjects. Among both sexes, participants with rhinitis had higher F ENO 50 . F ENO 50 levels within individuals tracked over time; however, there was considerable variation in F ENO 50 patterns across participants. F ENO 50 trajectories from longitudinal data provide evidence of sex differences coinciding with puberty, suggesting potential hormone link. Improved understanding of determinants of F ENO 50 trajectories is needed to realise the potential for using individualised predicted F ENO 50 trajectories.
Magnet-assisted endoscopic choledochoduodenostomy in anomalous opening of the common bile duct into the duodenal bulb
Authors: Bülent Ödemiş, Batuhan Başpınar, Serkan Torun, Orhan Coşkun
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Variations of the biliary opening into the enteral lumen may cause conditions such as biliary colic, recurrent cholangitis, and pneumobilia, among others [1] [2]. Surgery is the main treatment, but it has high morbidity and mortality rates. Magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) is a novel technique that has been widely applied in the gastrointestinal system [3]. Herein, we present a patient with an anomalous biliary opening that was treated with magnet-assisted endoscopic choledochoduodenostomy (MECD), which was based on the MCA technique.
The role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in tumor progression and relevant advance in targeted therapy
Authors: Qiyao Yang, Ningning Guo, Yi Zhou, Jiejian Chen, Qichun Wei, Min Han
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2020)

Macrophages have a leading position in the tumor microenvironment (TME) which paves the way to carcinogenesis. Initially, monocytes and macrophages are recruited to the sites where the tumor develops. Under the guidance of different microenvironmental signals, macrophages would polarize into two functional phenotypes, named as classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2). Contrary to the anti-tumor effect of M1, M2 exerts anti-inflammatory and tumorigenic characters. In progressive tumor, M2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are in the majority, being vital regulators reacting upon TME. This review elaborates on the role of TAMs in tumor progression. Furthermore, prospective macrophage-focused therapeutic strategies, including drugs not only in clinical trials but also at primary research stages, are summarized followed by a discussion about their clinical application values. Nanoparticulate systems with efficient drug delivery and improved antitumor effect are also summed up in this article.
Allopolyploid Speciation Accompanied by Gene Flow in a Tree Fern
Authors: Jing Wang, Shiyong Dong, Lihua Yang, Aj Harris, Harald Schneider, Ming Kang
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2020)

Abstract Hybridization in plants may result in hybrid speciation or introgression and, thus, is now widely understood to be an important mechanism of species diversity on an evolutionary timescale. Hybridization is particularly common in ferns, as is polyploidy, which often results from hybrid crosses. Nevertheless, hybrid speciation as an evolutionary process in fern lineages remains poorly understood. Here, we employ flow cytometry, phylogeny, genomewide single nucleotide polymorphism data sets, and admixture and coalescent modeling to show that the scaly tree fern, Gymnosphaera metteniana is a naturally occurring allotetraploid species derived from hybridization between the diploids, G. denticulata and G. gigantea. Moreover, we detected ongoing gene flow between the hybrid species and its progenitors, and we found that G. gigantea and G. metteniana inhabit distinct niches, whereas climatic niches of G. denticulata and G. metteniana largely overlap. Taken together, these results suggest that either some degree of intrinsic genetic isolation between the hybrid species and its parental progenitors or ecological isolation over short distances may be playing an important role in the evolution of reproductive barriers. Historical climate change may have facilitated the origin of G. metteniana, with the timing of hybridization coinciding with a period of intensification of the East Asian monsoon during the Pliocene and Pleistocene periods in southern China. Our study of allotetraploid G. metteniana represents the first genomic-level documentation of hybrid speciation in scaly tree ferns and, thus, provides a new perspective on evolution in the lineage.
Late complications caused by the neglected biliary stent
Authors: Ping Yue, Lai Teck Gew, Wenbo Meng, Xun Li
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

A 50-year-old woman was admitted with fever, jaundice, and abdominal pain. She was diagnosed with acute cholangitis secondary to a neglected biliary stent. Previous history included placement of a double-pigtail stent 6 years earlier for choledocholithiasis, to be followed by an elective cholecystectomy. However, she had not attended the follow-up appointment for biliary stent removal. Upon admission, a magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography was done ([Fig. 1]).
Stress, immunity, and cervical cancer: Psychoneuroimmunologic (PNI) results of a randomized telephone counseling intervention
Authors: E. L. Nelson, L. B. Wenzel, K. Osann, B. J. Monk, A. Dogan-Ates, N. Chantana, A. A. Reina-Patton, A. Chicz-Demet, N. Dupont, A. K. Laust
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

8585 Background: The association between counseling benefit and improved cancer patient survival is controversial. If such an association exists, it requires biological control of tumor growth, with the immune system as the most likely effector arm. It is widely held that for anti-tumor immunity a T helper type 1 (Th1) immune response is more advantageous, by supporting antigen-specific cytotoxicity, than a T helper type 2 (Th2). The purpose of this study was to test potential QOL, neuroendocrine and immune benefits obtained from psychosocial telephone counseling (PTC). Methods: Fifty cervical cancer patients were randomized to PTC or usual care. QOL and biological specimens were collected at baseline (3–15 months post diagnosis), and four months post-enrollment, Time 2. QOL was assessed by the FACT-Cx. Saliva was collected for the evaluation of cortisol and DHEA. Blood was collected for evaluation of selected neuroendocrine and immune parameters. We defined a Th1:Th2 ratio based upon cytokine precursor frequency determined from ELISpot assays for interferon (IFN) gamma and interleukin-(IL-) 5 performed using anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 lymphocyte stimulation. Results: We demonstrated a significant improvement in overall QOL from baseline to Time 2 for PTC participants compared to the control population (absolute difference 8.15, p=0.05). We observed longitudinal changes, up to 15 fold, in the Th1:Th2 ratio. Improvement in QOL was significantly associated with an increased Th1 immune system bias and conversely a decline in QOL with a more pronounced Th2 bias, p= 0.0097 two tailed Fisher’s exact T test and Spearman Correlation Coefficient r= 0.6368 (p= 0.0002, two tailed). Evaluation of association between QOL and the neuroendocrine parameters, salivary cortisol and DHEA, demonstrated the predicted trends, but did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: PTC can improve QOL for cervical cancer survivors. Importantly, we have shown for the first time that changes in QOL are significantly associated with a shift of immune system Th1:Th2 stance. This provides support for a biobehavioral model, which identifies potential mechanisms by which interventions that lead to improvement in QOL could also result in improved clinical outcomes. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Identification of a RAS-activating <i>TMEM87A–RASGRF1</i> Fusion in an Exceptional Responder to Sunitinib with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Alissa J. Cooper, Yoshihisa Kobayashi, Dewey Kim, Sarah E. Clifford, Sasha Kravets, Suzanne E. Dahlberg, Emily S. Chambers, Jiaqi Li, Deepa Rangachari, Tom Nguyen, Daniel B. Costa, Michael S. Rabin, Nikhil Wagle, Lynette M. Sholl, Pasi A Jänne, Geoffrey R. Oxnard
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

We pursued genomic analysis of an exceptional responder with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through a multi-platform effort to discover novel oncogenic targets.In this open-label, single-arm phase II study (NCT01829217), an enriched cohort of patients with advanced NSCLC was treated with the multi-kinase inhibitor sunitinib. The primary endpoint was objective response rate. Tissue was collected for multi-platform genomic analysis of responders, and a candidate oncogene was validated using in vitro models edited by CRISPR-Cas9.Of 13 patients enrolled, 1 patient (8%), a never smoker, had a partial response lasting 33 months. Genomic analysis of the responder identified no oncogenic variant using multi-platform DNA analysis including hotspot allelotyping, massively parallel hybrid-capture next-generation sequencing, and whole-exome sequencing. However, bulk RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed a novel fusion, TMEM87A-RASGRF1, with high overexpression of the fusion partners. RASGRF1 encodes a guanine exchange factor which activates RAS from GDP-RAS to GTP-RAS. Oncogenicity was demonstrated in NIH/3T3 models with intrinsic TMEM87A-RASGRF1 fusion. In addition, activation of MAPK was shown in PC9 models edited to express this fusion, although sensitivity to MAPK inhibition was seen without apparent sensitivity to sunitinib.Sunitinib exhibited limited activity in this enriched cohort of patients with advanced NSCLC. Nonetheless, we find that RNA-seq of exceptional responders represents a potentially underutilized opportunity to identify novel oncogenic targets including oncogenic activation of RASGRF1.
Dose selection of chloroquine phosphate for treatment of COVID-19 based on a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model
Authors: Cheng Cui, Miao Zhang, Xueting Yao, Siqi Tu, Zhe Hou, Valerie Sia Jie En, Xiaoqiang Xiang, Jing Lin, Ting Cai, Ning Shen, Chunli Song, Jie Qiao, Shun Zhang, Haiyan Li, Dongyang Liu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2020)

Chloroquine (CQ) phosphate has been suggested to be clinically effective in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for predicting tissue distribution of CQ and apply it to optimize dosage regimens, a PBPK model, with parameterization of drug distribution extrapolated from animal data, was developed to predict human tissue distribution of CQ. The physiological characteristics of time-dependent accumulation was mimicked through an active transport mechanism. Several dosing regimens were proposed based on PBPK simulation combined with known clinical exposure-response relationships. The model was also validated by clinical data from Chinese patients with COVID-19. The novel PBPK model allows in-depth description of the pharmacokinetics of CQ in several key organs (lung, heart, liver, and kidney), and was applied to design dosing strategies in patients with acute COVID-19 (Day 1: 750 mg BID, Days 2-5: 500 mg BID, CQ phosphate), patients with moderate COVID-19 (Day 1: 750 mg and 500 mg, Days 2-3: 500 mg BID, Days 4-5: 250 mg BID, CQ phosphate), and other vulnerable populations (
Association of Early-Life Social and Digital Media Experiences With Development of Autism Spectrum Disorder–Like Symptoms
Authors: Karen Frankel Heffler, Danielle M. Sienko, Keshab Subedi, Kathleen A. McCann, David S. Bennett
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Despite growing evidence that parent-child interactions and time viewing digital media affect child development, these factors have rarely been studied in association with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms.To determine the association of experiential factors, including social activities and screen viewing in the first 18 months of life, perinatal factors, and demographic factors, with ASD-like symptoms and risk on the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) at 2 years.Data for this cohort study were derived from the National Children's Study, a US multicenter epidemiological study of environmental influences on child health and development. A total of 2152 children were enrolled at birth from October 1, 2010, to October 31, 2012. Data were analyzed from December 1, 2017, to December 3, 2019.Caregivers reported whether the child viewed television and/or videos (yes or no) at 12 months of age, hours of viewing at 18 months of age, time spent by the caregiver reading to the child (number of days per week compared with daily) at 12 months of age, and frequency of playing with the child (daily or less than daily) at 12 months of age. Prematurity, maternal age at birth, child sex, household income, race/ethnicity, and caregiver English-language status were included in analysis.Significant association of exposures with ASD risk by M-CHAT and/or ASD-like symptoms assessed by revised M-CHAT (M-CHAT-R) total score in multiple regression models.Among the 2152 children included in the analysis (1099 boys [51.1%]), television and/or video viewing (yes or no) at 12 months of age was significantly associated with greater ASD-like symptoms at 2 years of age (change, 4.2%; 95% CI, 0.1%-8.3%) but not with ASD risk (risk prevalence rates, 8.3% vs 4.4%; adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.40; 95% CI, 0.86-2.29). Similarly, parent-child play daily compared with less than daily was significantly associated with fewer ASD-like symptoms at 2 years of age (change, -8.9%; 95% CI, -16.5% to -0.9%) but not with ASD risk (risk prevalence rates, 6.4% vs 14.0%; AOR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.31-1.08). However, high screen viewing at 18 months of age was not significantly associated with ASD-like symptoms (change, 10.7%; 95% CI, -2.0% to 23.0%) or ASD risk by M-CHAT (AOR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.56-2.49) at 2 years of age.This cohort study found greater screen exposure and less caregiver-child play early in life to be associated with later ASD-like symptoms. Further research is needed to evaluate experiential factors for potential risk or protective effects in ASD.
Abstract 15835: Acute Perforation Rate With the Micra Transcatheter Pacemaker in a Real-World Medicare Population: A Comparison to the Clinical Trial Experience
Authors: Kael Wherry, Kurt Stromberg, Lindsay Bockstedt, Jennifer Hinnenthal, Mikhael F El-Chami
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: The Micra leadless pacemaker was implanted with high success and a low major complication rate in the Micra Post approval registry (PAR). Additionally, there was a low 0.8% overall ra...