tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Initial serum tumor marker dynamics predict progression-free and overall survival in single PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treated advanced NSCLC
Authors: D. Lang, A. Horner, E. Brehm, K. Akbari, B. Hergan, K. Langer, C. Asel, M. Scala, B. Kaiser, B. Lamprecht
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Routine measurement of serum tumor markers (STM) is not recommended in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treated patients may initially present with indeterminate radiological response, demanding additional biomarkers aiding clinical decisions. Methods: Carcinoembrionic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA 21-1) and neuron specific enolase (NSE) were routinely measured at primary NSCLC diagnosis. The marker with the highest initial elevation above the upper limit of normal ("leading STM") was used for follow-up. Relative leading STM changes between ICI initiation and first radiological restaging were retrospectively evaluated regarding their impact on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Comparatively, we calculated PFS and OS for the corresponding computed tomography results according to response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST). Results: Among 84 patients (61% men, mean age 68 years) included, median PFS was significantly (p < 0.001) longer, when the leading STM decreased (11months(M) (7,19), n = 37) than in case of marker increases (<2-fold: 6M (3,8), n = 31; ≥2-fold: 2M (1,2), n = 16). Patients with initial leading STM decrease also had significantly (p < 0.001) longer median OS (not reached) than patients with STM increase (<2-fold: 14M (12,26); ≥2-fold: 4M (3,7)). In the group with stable or progressive disease (PD/SD) according to RECIST at first restaging, PFS and OS were significantly (p < 0.001) longer upon leading STM decrease (PFS: 8M (4,14); OS: 18M (10,-); n = 24) than in case of increase (PFS: 2M (2,4); OS: 10M (6,13); n = 42). Conclusions: Leading STM decrease at first restaging is predictive of longer PFS and OS in single PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treated NSCLC. Such tumor marker response identifies a subgroup with favorable further treatment outcomes among initial radiological non-responders. Legal entity responsible for the study: The authors. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: D. Lang, A. Horner: Travel/accommodation funding: Roche. E. Brehm: Speakers fees, consultant/advisor: Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bristol-Myers Squibb; Travel/accommodation funding: Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme. B. Lamprecht: Speakers fees, consultant/advisor: Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bristol-Myers Squibb. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Phase II study of fosaprepitant +5HT3 receptor antagonist + dexamethasone in patients with germ cell tumors undergoing 5-day cisplatin-based chemotherapy: A Hoosier Cancer Research Network Study.
Authors: Mary J. Brames, Somer Case-Eads, Nasser H. Hanna, Christopher A. Fausel, Timothy Breen, Lawrence H. Einhorn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20737 Background: In our prior phase III study (J ClinOnc 30:3998-4003, 2012) the addition of aprepitant to 5-day cisplatin regimens for germ cell tumors showed a significant improvement in complete response (CR) of 42%. Fosaprepitant has demonstrated non-inferiority compared to aprepitant in single day cisplatin chemotherapy and is approved as a single-dose alternative to the 3 day oral aprepitant regimen. This single arm phase II study is the first clinical trial evaluating fosaprepitant in patients receiving multi-day cisplatin. Methods: Germ cell tumor patients receiving 5 day cisplatin combination chemotherapy were eligible. Fosaprepitant 150 mg was given IV on days 3 and 5. A 5HT3antagonist days 1-5 (days 1, 3, 5, if palonosetron) plus dexamethasone 20 mg days 1, 2, and 4 mg po bid days 6, 7, and 8 was administered. Rescue antiemetics were allowed at the discretion of the investigator. The primary objective was to determine the CR rate – no emetic episodes or use of rescue medications. Secondary objectives were to measure the incidence of vomiting or retching via patient log days 1-8, describe the use of rescue medications and the self-reported assessment of nausea days 1-8 using a 0-100 mm visual analog scale (VAS), as well as safety and toxicity. Results: 62 patients are enrolled, 57 are evaluable. All patients are male with a diagnosis of germ cell tumor receiving 5 day cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Median age 33 with age range of 15 to 66. 47 patients received BEP. 37 patients reported using rescue therapy, lorazepam most common. 15 patients reported emetic episodes, with 26 total episodes. There were 196 reported episodes of nausea > 5 on VAS in the 8 day reporting period. Only 16 of 57 (28.1%) reported a complete response. Conclusions: The preliminary data in this small phase II study, in contrast to our prior phase III study, appears to indicate a significantly lower CR rate with the substitution of fosaprepitant for aprepitant. Clinical trial information: NCT01736917.
THU-052-Immunometabolic profiling of ascites from patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure reveals increased MerTK+ immunosuppressive myeloid cells and cell death markers with preferential lipid metabolism compared to cirrhosis without organ failure
Authors: Arjuna Singanayagam, Davide Erminelli, Evangelos Triantafyllou, Christine Bernsmeier, Enes Tunc, Marigona Krasniqi, Vishal Patel, Fanny Lebossé, Rooshi Nathwani, Andrew Atkinson, Ameet Dhar, Michael Heneghan, Georg Auzinger, Wafa Khamri, David Adams, Julia Wendon, Mark Thursz, Mark J W McPhail, Harry Antoniades
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Measles cases rise 300% globally in first few months of 2019
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Measles cases have risen by 300% so far in 2019 as compared with the same period last year, data from the World Health Organization have shown.

Provisional figures released this week showed that 112 163 cases were reported by 170 countries from January to April this year.1 This compares with 28 124 cases from 163 countries reported over the same period in 2018.

While this represents a global increase of 300%, the increase was much higher in the African region (700%) and much lower in regions such as the eastern Mediterranean (100%) and South East Asia (40%). …
PWE-285 Clinical but not histological factors predict long-term prognosis in patients with biopsy proven advanced alcoholic liver disease: Abstract PWE-285 Table 1
Authors: S Masson, I Emmerson, E Henderson, E Fletcher, A Burt, C Day, S Stewart
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a significant and increasing threat to the health of the British population. It remains one of the commonest indications for liver transplantation and a leading cause of death. Despite this, the long term clinical course and predictive factors of survival in advanced ALD have not been well described. We aimed to identify factors that predict 15-year survival in out-patients with biopsy-proven advanced ALD. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients attending clinic in our institution during early 1996 (n=134) with biopsy proven advanced (stage III or IV) ALD were followed-up for 15 years or until death or transplantation. At baseline, clinical data including alcohol and smoking history, BMI and features of portal hypertension were recorded. Laboratory data (bilirubin, creatinine, sodium, PT, INR and platelet count) were collected. On biopsy, the presence of cirrhosis and histological features (fat severity, lymphocyte and neutrophil infiltration) were scored semi-quantitatively. <h3>Results</h3> Median age was 51 (29–67) and the majority (72%) were male. All patients had a history of alcohol excess (&gt;80 g/day for men, 50 g/d for women). Patients were followed until death (n=97; median 62 m), OLT (n=5; median 96 m) or are still alive (n=32; median 187 m). Overall, the 5, 10 and 15-year survival was 64, 40 and 26%, respectively. Patient baseline characteristics are shown according to outcome (Abstract PWE-285 table 1). In multivariate analysis age (p=0.01), smoking (p=0.01), persistent drinking (p&lt;0.01) and serum albumin at baseline (p=0.02) were associated with significantly increased risk of death. No histological features correlated with prognosis. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In out-patients with biopsy-proven advanced ALD, clinical but not histological factors determine prognosis. Age, persistent alcohol intake, smoking habit and serum albumin are independent poor prognostic factors. Abstinence from alcohol and smoking cessation should be the priorities in the long-term management of ALD. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
TCTAP A-125 A Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of GLORINTA (Ticagrelor) Compared to Clopidogrel in Bangladeshi Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention [GLORIOUS trial]
Authors: S M Mamun Iqbal
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Communication About Death and Dying—Three Little Words
Authors: Lauren Elizabeth Nicholls
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Long-term renal outcomes in patients with traumatic renal injury after nephrectomy: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Shang-Yu Wang, Kuo-Jen Lin, Shao-Wei Chen, Chi-Tung Cheng, Chih-Hsiang Chang, Yu-Tung Wu, Chien-An Liao, Chien-Hung Liao, Chih-Yuan Fu, Jr-Rung Lin, Chi-Hsun Hsieh
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2019)
Can we predict severe toxicity in patients under treatment with 5-fluorouracil? Preliminary results of a prospective cohort study.
Authors: Carolina Vazquez, Jose Nicolas Minatta, Federico Angriman, Ariel Nicolas Tchercansky, Maria Orlova, Maria Alicia Verzura, Heidy Diaz Arce, Jose Maria Lastiri, Waldo Horacio Belloso, Maria Guadalupe Pallotta
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20667 Background: oncology`s primary aim has traditionally been clinical efficacy. However, preventing toxicity and maximizing quality of life should as well be currently pursued as the standard of care. We sought to evaluate the role of baseline covariates as predictors for severe toxicity in patients with 5-Fluorouracil (5 Fu) treatment. Methods: preliminary analysis of a prospective cohort study. Patients included presented with cancer of any stage and started for the first time chemotherapy with a regimen including 5 Fu. Main exposure baseline variables evaluated were: comorbidities, analytics, quality of life (EORTC) and pharmacogenetics (MTHFR/TYMS). The primary endpoint was time to first episode of severe toxicity (G3-G5 CTC-NIH-V03). The association between a-priori candidate variables and the primary endpoint was analyzed using an adjusted cox proportional model. All variables with a p < 0.1 in the bivariate analysis as well as all clinically relevant ones were included in the model. MTHFR exons 4 and 7 SNPs genotype were performed by Sanger. TYMS promoters VRNT genotype was performed by PCR and polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis. Results: we report on 112 patients included from Oct/2013-Dec/2014. Mean age was 61.9 years (SD:12.2) and 52.7% were males. Colorectal cancer was the most common one (colon: 46.4% and rectum 15.2%), most patients presented in advanced stage (III: 42%, IV: 44.6%) and 36.6% were treated with concomitant radiotherapy (cRT). Nearly 40.2% of patients presented with the primary endpoint (73.3% hematologic and 24.4% gastrointestinal). Of the 89 patients with pharmacogenetics data, those facing the event were older, had received more dose per cycle of 5 Fu and a higher percentage of them were receiving cRT. A tendency to present TYMS 2R genotype was also observed. After adjusting by age, 5 Fu dose and TYMS genotype, only cRT remained significantly associated with the primary event (HR:3.3, 95%CI 1.44-7.58, p:0.005). Conclusions: cRT appears as the strongest clinical predictor for severe toxicity among patients under treatment with 5 Fu. Further data is needed to evaluate the role of more specific predictive variables such as pharmacogenetics.
Prognostic relevance of androgen and estrogen receptors in ductal carcinoma in situ evolution.
Authors: Sara Bravaccini, Rosella Silvestrini, Maria Maddalena Tumedei, Sara Ravaioli, Ilaria Massa, Roberta Maltoni, Andrea Rocca, Secondo Folli, Federico Buggi, Annalisa Curcio, Luigi Serra, Maurizio Puccetti, Dino Amadori
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e22227 Background: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a heterogeneous disease that has not been investigated as widely as invasive breast cancer. Thus, the search for biomarkers capable of identifying DCIS lesions that may recur or progress to invasive cancer is ongoing. Although conventional steroid hormone receptors, cell proliferation and other important tumor markers have been extensively studied in invasive tumors, little is known about the role played by androgen receptors (AR), widely expressed in breast cancer, in DCIS. Methods: We thus performed a retrospective study on a series of 43 DCIS patients treated with quadrantectomy only and followed up for a period of 5 to 13 years to establish the prognostic relevance of conventional biomarkers (ER, PGR, Ki67, HER2) and AR, evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results: Our findings showed that that AR and ER were not independent prognostic variables and that an AR/ER ratio cut-off of 1.13 showed a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 94% in predicting in situ relapse or progression to the invasive phenotype. Moreover, while the variables considered singly showed area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 52% to 77%, the AR/ER ratio reached a very high AUC (92%). Conclusions: These preliminary results highlight the important role of AR and ER and, in particular, of their ratio, as prognostic indicators of DCIS evolution. Area under the curve (AUC) values of markers in tumor cells. Markers Overall AUC (95% CI) AR 72 (57-86) ER 77 (63-92) PgR 66 (40-92) Ki67 52 (14-91) AR/ER ratio 92 (81-100) AR/PGR ratio 72 (48-95)
Abstract 10982: Persistence of “Gender Gap” in St-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Networks
Authors: Diego Fernández-Rodríguez, Ander Regueiro, Xavier Freixa, Marc Trilla, Mónica Masotti
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Prognosis and management of women with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction remains controversial. Hypothesis: The gender (female sex) influences the prognosis and the care of patients in a regional myocardial infarction network. Methods: Outcomes of patients activated by the Catalan network between January 2010 and December 2011, were analyzed according to gender. Time intervals, revascularization proportion, type of revascularization, in-hospital all-cause mortality and complications, 30-day all-cause mortality and one-year all-cause mortality were evaluated. Results: From a total of 5831 patients activated by the myocardial infarction network, 4380 patients had a diagnosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and 961 (21.9%) of them were women. Women were older (69.8±13.4 vs. 60.6±12.8, p&lt;0.001), had a higher prevalence of diabetes (27.1% vs. 18.1%, pI (24.9% vs. 17.3%, p&lt;0.001), and no reperfusion (8.8% vs. 5.2%, p&lt;0.001) as compared with men. In addition, women had greater time delays in medical care (first medical contact-to-balloon: 132-minutes vs. 122-minutes, p&lt;0.001; symptoms onset-to-balloon: 236-minutes vs. 210-minutes, p&lt;0.001). Women presented higher percentages of overall in-hospital complications (20.6% vs. 17.4%, p=0.031), in-hospital mortality (4.8% vs. 2.6%, p=0.001), 30-day mortality (9.1% vs. 4.5%, p&lt;0.001) and one-year mortality (14.0% vs. 8.3%, p&lt;0.001) compared with men. Nevertheless, after multivariate adjustment, no differences in 30-day and one-year mortality were observed (30-day adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.25 [0.94-1.65], p=0.123; one-year adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.88 [0.69-1.07], p=0.128). . Conclusions: Despite a higher risk profile and poorer medical management, women present similar 30-day and one-year outcome as their male counterparts in the context of myocardial infarction network.
THU-449-Nuclear orphan receptor COUP-TF2 increases the resistence to anoikis and induces amoeboid movment and metastatic potential in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Elisabetta Ceni, Tommaso Mello, Simone Polvani, Mirko Tarocchi, Mireille Vasseur-Cognet, Stefano Milani, Andrea Galli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Changes in Serum Calcitonin Concentrations, Incidence of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma, and Impact of Routine Calcitonin Concentration Monitoring in the EXenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL)
Authors: M. Angelyn Bethel, Rishi A. Patel, Vivian P. Thompson, Peter Merrill, Shelby D. Reed, Yanhong Li, Sara Ahmadi, Brian G. Katona, Stephanie M. Gustavson, Peter Ohman, Nayyar Iqbal, Robert F. Gagel, Adrian F. Hernandez, John B. Buse, Rury R. Holman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

Increases in serum calcitonin, a tumor marker for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), have been associated with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist use in some preclinical studies. We report calcitonin changes in exenatide-treated and placebo-administered participants and MTC incidence in the EXenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL) and consider the impact of within-trial calcitonin monitoring.EXSCEL participants were randomized 1:1 to once-weekly exenatide 2 mg or placebo. Serum calcitonin was measured at baseline (with trial medication discontinued if >40 ng/L) and annually thereafter (with trial medication discontinued if ≥50 ng/L). Median calcitonin concentrations were calculated at each time point, and thyroid malignancies were collected prospectively. Data regarding follow-up after an elevated calcitonin were collected retrospectively.At baseline, 52 (30 exenatide and 22 placebo) participants had calcitonin >40 ng/L, and during follow-up an additional 23 participants (15 exenatide and 8 placebo) had calcitonin ≥50 ng/L in the intention-to-treat population. Median calcitonin concentrations were similar between treatment groups at baseline with no increase over time. Confirmed MTC occurred in three participants (2 exenatide and 1 placebo), all of whom had significantly elevated baseline calcitonin values (413, 422, and 655 ng/L).During a median 3.2 years' follow-up, no change in serum calcitonin was seen with exenatide therapy. The three confirmed cases of MTC all occurred in participants with markedly elevated baseline calcitonin levels, measured prior to trial medication administration. Regular calcitonin monitoring identified no additional cases of MTC, suggesting no benefit of routine calcitonin monitoring during exenatide treatment.
Predicting respiratory failure in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: recruiting a few good pulmonologists
Authors: Noah Lechtzin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

<b>People with ALS die from pulmonary complications and pulmonologists have interventions that improve survival and quality of life. The study by Ackrivo and colleagues provides a clinically relevant model to prognosticate respiratory failure in ALS.</b>http://ow.ly/CfMF30o0MWB
Abstract 14040: Single-beat Estimation of Right Ventricular Preload Recruitable Stroke Work and Its Coupling to Pulmonary Arterial Load in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Ryo Inuzuka, Steven Hsu, Ryan J Tedford, Hideaki Senzaki
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: An accurate assessment of intrinsic right ventricular (RV) contractility and its relation to pulmonary arterial load is essential for the management of pulmonary hypertension. The pressure-volume (PV) relationship with load manipulation is the gold-standard assessment used for this purpose, but its clinical application has been hindered by the lack of a single-beat method that is valid for the human RV. We have developed a novel single-beat method to estimate the preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW) and its derivative for ventriculo-arterial (VA) coupling. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that our novel single-beat method to estimate the PRSW and its derivative for VA coupling is valid for human RV. Methods: A novel single-beat Msw (the slope of the PRSW relationship) was derived by calculating the mean ejection pressure (Pm) when the end-systolic volume was equal to Vsw (the volume-axis intercept of the PRSW relationship). In addition, using a mathematical transformation of the equation repres...
FRI-355-Elafibranor, a drug candidate for first line NASH monotherapy and a universal backbone for drug combination treatment
Authors: Vanessa Legry, Emeline Descamps, Benoit Noel, Corinne Foucart, Nathalie Degallaix, Carole Belanger, Dean W. Hum, Dr. Sophie Mégnien, Prof. Bart Staels, Prof. Rohit Loomba, Prof. Stephen A. Harrison, Prof. Vlad Ratziu, Arun J. Sanyal, Robert Walczak
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Plasma biomarkers to help guide the management of patients with indeterminate findings during low-dose CT (LDCT) lung cancer screening.
Authors: Jeffrey Allen Borgia, David Bourdon, John Bucci, Christopher W. Seder, Ravi Pithadia, Cristina Fhied, Sanjib Basu, Gary Chmielewski, Michael J. Liptay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e22264 Background: The aim of this study was to identify novel biomarkers that may be capable of guiding the management of screen-detected indeterminate pulmonary nodules in the setting of lung cancer screening. Methods: We used the Luminex immunobead platform to evaluate 30 circulating cytokines and 50 autoantibodies in a total of 40 cases of screen-detected benign nodules and 40 cases of pathologically-determined stage I NSCLC. Peripheral blood was collected immediately before surgery or associated with radiography and processed using standard phlebotomy techniques. All NSCLC patients underwent anatomic resections with pathological staging and have had at least 2 years of follow up. Mann-Whitney rank-sum tests and receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves were used to assess differences in biomarker concentrations in relation to outcome parameters and nodal status. Results: We enrolled a total of 80 individuals at high risk for lung cancer with positive radiographic findings and evaluable plasma specimens. From our cursory biochemical analysis we found sixteen circulating cytokine biomarkers to be capable of accurately classifying (p < 0.05) with benign vs. malignant nodules. Further, we identified three autoantibodies that were statistically significant (p < 0.05) for classifying cases of malignancies against a cohort of benign neoplasms. Conclusions: Herein, we report the identification of a series of biomarkers capable of classifying cases of stage I NSCLC versus benign neoplasms. We are currently applying unique multivariable statistical algorithms to further classify samples as high risk for malignancy. Cohort expansion and external biomarker validation studies are currently underway.