tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High Flexible and Broad Antibacterial Nanodressing Induces Complete Skin Repair with Angiogenic and Follicle Regeneration
Authors: Weikang Hu, Zijian Wang, Yao Zha, Xiang Gu, Wenjie You, Yu Xiao, Xinghuan Wang, Shengmin Zhang, Jianglin Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Abstract Complete skin reconstruction is a hierarchically physiological assembly involving epidermis, dermis, vasculature, innervation, hair follicles, and sweat glands. Despite various wound dressings having been developed for skin regeneration, few works refer to the complete skin regeneration, particularly lacking for vasculatures and hair follicles. Herein, an instructive wound dressing that integrates the antibacterial property of quaternized chitin and the mechanical strength and biological multifunction of silk fibroin through layer‐by‐layer electrostatic self‐assembly is designed and reported. The resultant dressings exhibit a nanofibrous structure ranging from 471.5 ± 212.1 to 756.9 ± 241.8 nm, suitable flexibility with tensile strength up to 4.47 ± 0.29 MPa, and broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . More interestingly, the current dressing system remarkably accelerates in vivo vascular reconstruction within 15 days, and the number of regenerated hair follicles reaches up to 22 ± 4 mm −2 , which is comparable to the normal tissue (27 ± 2 mm −2 ). Those crucial functions might originate from the combination between quaternized chitin and silk fibroin and the hierarchical structure of electrospun nanofiber. This work establishes an easy but effective pathway to design a multifunctional wound dressing for the complete skin regeneration.
ADENINE IN RED CELL PRESERVATION*
Authors: Ernest R. Simon, Robert G. Chapman, Clement A. Finch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1962)

Purine nucleosides have been reported to ex- tend the preservation of red cells stored in acid citrate dextrose (ACD) (1-6).This effect was originally attributed to the production of phos- phorylated ribose as an energy substrate within the erythrocyte (7-9) through the action of nu- cleoside phosphorylase (10).This enzyme was shown to act on inosine, guanosine (11, 12), and on adenosine after its conversion to inosine by the adenosine deaminase of the erythrocyte (3, 13-19).Since inosine was the preferred substrate over guanosine ( 11 ) and was much less toxic than adenosine (2, 3, 16, 18, 20), it was selected as the most suitable of the nucleosides for red cell pres- ervation.Indeed, the initial studies indicated that inosine produced satisfactory preservation for 42 days and was even more effective than adenosine in regenerating depleted organic phosphate esters in erythrocytes stored for 25 days (3,11).While it is well established that purine nucleo- sides provide phosphorylated pentose as a source of energy for the red cell, subsequent observations suggested that the viability effects could not be explained by this mechanism.In the first place, the original viability results with inosine (3) could not be reproduced.Thus, in a subse- quent investigation (5), only 4 of 23 units stored with inosine were satisfactorily preserved after 6 weeks, thereby raising the question of varia- bility in the composition of the inosine prepara-
OP16 * SELECTIVE TARGETING OF GLIOMA WITH NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS
Authors: S. Aptekar, L. Shaw, J. Alder, R. Lea
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Targeted drug delivery via aptamers may reduce non-specific toxicity of chemotherapy by selectively directing anti-cancer drugs to tumour cells. The study aimed to examine the binding selectivity of DNA aptamers on glial cell lines and primary glioma tissues. METHOD: Aptamers SA44DNA and SA43DNA tagged with Cy3 fluorescent dye were screened on cell lines and analysed through confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Primary tissues from glioma patients: grade I(n = 7), grade II(n = 14), grade III(n = 10), grade IV(n = 10) and non-cancerous brain(n = 12) were screened with biotin labelled aptamers and quantified using an established IHC scoring system. Fisher's exact test was performed whereby tissue sections with a total score above 3 were considered positive. RESULTS: Aptamers SA44DNA and SA43DNA showed higher uptake in U87MG and 1321N1 glioma cell lines compared to non-cancerous SVGp12 cells as measured by confocal microscopy. The data was confirmed by flow cytometry analysis where MFI was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in U87MG and 1321N1 compared to non-cancerous SVGp12 cells. The binding assay showed SA44 DNA (Kd,21.11 ± 3.30 nM) and SA43 DNA (Kd,21.56 ± 4.60 nM) bound with strong affinity to the target U87MG cells. Immunohistochemistry staining on primary tissues revealed that SA44 DNA had no significant binding selectivity between all grades of glioma and non-cancerous tissues (p > 0.05), however, SA43 DNA showed significant binding selectivity towards grade I(p = 0.0063), grade II(p = 0.0511), grade III(p = 0.0019) and IV(p = 0.0083) compared to non-cancerous brain tissues using Fisher's exact test. CONCLUSION: The data have shown promising results for the application of the DNA aptamers for specific targeting of glioma.
Absence of Residual Vein Thrombosis after an Episode of Idiopathic Deep Vein Thrombosis: Short-Term Anticoagulation Is Safe. The “Extended Dacus Study”.
Authors: Sergio M. Siragusa, Alessandra Malato, Mario Bellisi, Maria Teresa Attanzio, Valeria Cigna, Domenica Caramazza, Lucio Lo Coco, Glauco Milio, Guido Bajardi
Journal: Blood (2007)
Understanding Observational Treatment Comparisons in the Setting of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Laine E. Thomas, Robert O. Bonow, Michael J. Pencina
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Percutaneous Transcatheter Implantation of an Aortic Valve Prosthesis for Calcific Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Alain Cribier, Helene Eltchaninoff, Assaf Bash, Nicolas Borenstein, Christophe Tron, Fabrice Bauer, Genevieve Derumeaux, Frederic Anselme, François Laborde, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— The design of a percutaneous implantable prosthetic heart valve has become an important area for investigation. A percutaneously implanted heart valve (PHV) composed of 3 bovine pericardial leaflets mounted within a balloon-expandable stent was developed. After ex vivo testing and animal implantation studies, the first human implantation was performed in a 57-year-old man with calcific aortic stenosis, cardiogenic shock, subacute leg ischemia, and other associated noncardiac diseases. Valve replacement had been declined for this patient, and balloon valvuloplasty had been performed with nonsustained results. Methods and Results— With the use of an antegrade transseptal approach, the PHV was successfully implanted within the diseased native aortic valve, with accurate and stable PHV positioning, no impairment of the coronary artery blood flow or of the mitral valve function, and a mild paravalvular aortic regurgitation. Immediately and at 48 hours after implantation, valve function was excellent, resulting in marked hemodynamic improvement. Over a follow-up period of 4 months, the valvular function remained satisfactory as assessed by sequential transesophageal echocardiography, and there was no recurrence of heart failure. However, severe noncardiac complications occurred, including a progressive worsening of the leg ischemia, leading to leg amputation with lack of healing, infection, and death 17 weeks after PHV implantation. Conclusions— Nonsurgical implantation of a prosthetic heart valve can be successfully achieved with immediate and midterm hemodynamic and clinical improvement. After further device modifications, additional durability tests, and confirmatory clinical implantations, PHV might become an important therapeutic alternative for the treatment of selected patients with nonsurgical aortic stenosis.
Renal Toxicity From Pemetrexed and Pembrolizumab in the Era of Combination Therapy in Patients With Metastatic Nonsquamous Cell NSCLC
Authors: Daphne W. Dumoulin, Sabine Visser, Robin Cornelissen, Teun van Gelder, Johan Vansteenkiste, Jan von der Thusen, Joachim G.J.V. Aerts
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020)

The combination of chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) therapy is the current standard of care for most patients who are fit to undergo treatment for metastatic NSCLC. With this combination, renal toxicity was slightly higher than with chemotherapy alone in initial clinical trials. However, in recent real-world data, loss of kidney function is reported to be more frequent. Both chemotherapy and ICI therapy can induce renal impairment, although the mechanism of renal damage is different. Renal injury from chemotherapy is often ascribed to acute tubular injury and necrosis, whereas the main mechanism of injury caused by ICI therapy is acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. In cases of concomitant use of chemotherapy and ICI therapy, distinguishing the cause of renal failure is a challenge. Discriminating between these two causes is of utmost importance, as it would help assess which drug can be safely continued and which drug must be halted. This review aims to describe the underlying mechanisms of the renal adverse effects caused by chemotherapy and ICI therapy, leading to a suggested diagnostic and treatment algorithm on the basis of clinical, laboratory, radiographic, and pathologic parameters. This algorithm could serve as a supportive tool for clinicians to diagnose the underlying cause of acute kidney injury in patients treated with the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
Association of childhood smoking and adult mortality: prospective study of 120 000 Cuban adults
Authors: Blake Thomson, Nurys Armas Rojas, Ben Lacey, Julie Ann Burrett, Patricia Varona-Pérez, Marcy Calderón Martínez, Elba Lorenzo-Vázquez, Sonia Bess Constantén, José Manuel Morales Rigau, Osvaldo Jesús Hernández López, Miguel Ángel Martínez Morales, Ismell Alonso Alomá, Fernando Achiong Estupiñan, Mayda Díaz González, Noel Rosquete Muñoz, Marelis Cendra Asencio, Jonathan Emberson, Richard Peto, Sarah Lewington, Alfredo Dueñas Herrera
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2020)

The average age at which people start smoking has been decreasing in many countries, but insufficient evidence exists on the adult hazards of having started smoking in childhood and, especially, in early childhood. We aimed to investigate the association between smoking habits (focusing on the age when smokers started) and cause-specific premature mortality in a cohort of adults in Cuba.For this prospective study, adults were recruited from five provinces in Cuba. Participants were interviewed (data collected included socioeconomic status, medical history, alcohol consumption, and smoking habits) and had their height, weight, and blood pressure measured. Participants were followed up until Jan 1, 2017 for cause-specific mortality; a subset was resurveyed in 2006-08. We used Cox regression to calculate adjusted rate ratios (RRs) for mortality at ages 30-69 years, comparing never-smokers with current smokers by age they started smoking and number of cigarettes smoked per day and with ex-smokers by the age at which they had quit.Between Jan 1, 1996, and Nov 24, 2002, 146 556 adults were recruited into the study, of whom 118 840 participants aged 30-69 years at recruitment contributed to the main analyses. 27 264 (52%) of 52 524 men and 19 313 (29%) of 66 316 women were current smokers. Most participants reported smoking cigarettes; few smoked only cigars. About a third of current cigarette smokers had started before age 15 years. Compared with never-smokers, the all-cause mortality RR was highest in participants who had started smoking at ages 5-9 years (RR 2·51, 95% CI 2·21-2·85), followed by ages 10-14 years (1·83, 1·72-1·95), 15-19 years (1·56, 1·46-1·65), and ages 20 years or older (1·50, 1·39-1·62). Smoking accounted for a quarter of all premature deaths in this population, but quitting before about age 40 years avoided almost all of the excess mortality due to smoking.In this cohort of adults in Cuba, starting to smoke in childhood was common and quitting was not. Starting in childhood approximately doubled the rate of premature death (ie, before age 70 years). If this 2-fold mortality RR continues into old age, about half of participants who start smoking before age 15 years and do not stop will eventually die of complications from their habit. The greatest risks were found among adults who began smoking before age 10 years.UK Medical Research Council, Cancer Research UK, British Heart Foundation, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Foundation (with support from Amgen).
BET bromodomain-containing epigenetic reader proteins regulate vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and neointima formation
Authors: Jochen Dutzmann, Marco Haertlé, Jan-Marcus Daniel, Frederik Kloss, Robert-Jonathan Musmann, Katrin Kalies, Kai Knöpp, Claudia Pilowski, Mirja Sirisko, Jan-Thorben Sieweke, Johann Bauersachs, Daniel G Sedding, Simona Gegel
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2020)

Recent studies revealed that the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) epigenetic reader proteins resemble key regulators in the underlying pathophysiology of cancer, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease. However, whether they also regulate vascular remodelling processes by direct effects on vascular cells is unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of the BET proteins on human smooth muscle cell (SMC) function in vitro and neointima formation in response to vascular injury in vivo.
Differences in Distribution of Myocardial Abnormalities in Patients with Obstructive and Nonobstructive Asymmetric Septal Hypertrophy (ASH)
Authors: WALTER L. HENRY, CHESTER E. CLARK, WILLIAM C. ROBERTS, ANDREW G. MORROW, STEPHEN E. EPSTEIN
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Patients with typical idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS) represent only one subgroup of a cardiac disease in which the characteristic anatomic abnormality is asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH). In most patients with ASH, left ventricular outflow obstruction is absent and cardiac dysfunction presumably is due to widespread involvement of the left ventricle by an underlying myocardial abnormality. In other patients with ASH, left ventricular outflow obstruction is present (typical IHSS) and constitutes a major feature of the hemodynamic and physical findings. To determine whether patients with outflow obstruction also have the underlying myocardial abnormality diffusely involving the left ventricle, the gross morphology of hearts from patients with and without outflow obstruction were studied both by necropsy and by echocardiography. Echocardiographic studies revealed that the ventricular septum was thicker in obstructive ASH, a finding confirmed by the postmortem studies. The necropsy studies also indicated that although the left ventricular free wall was thickened in both obstructive and nonobstructive ASH, the configuration of the left ventricular free wall was distinctly different in the two groups. In obstructive ASH, the free wall was hypertrophied and identical in appearance to that seen in valvular aortic stenosis. Moreover, echocardiographic studies indicated that the thickening of the free wall behind posterior mitral leaflet appeared to regress after operative relief of the outflow obstruction. In contrast, the left ventricular free wall of severely symptomatic patients without outflow obstruction had a markedly different and unique appearance; the free wall of left ventricle directly behind the posterior mitral leaflet was of normal or less than normal thickness, whereas the remaining free wall was nonuniformly thickened. On the basis of these findings and the microscopic data presented in the companion paper, we conclude that the myocardial abnormality in obstructive ASH (typical IHSS) is localized largely to the ventricular septum, with left ventricular free wall thickening occurring as a consequence of outflow obstruction. In symptomatic patients with nonobstructive ASH, however, the data suggest that the left ventricle, including free wall, is extensively involved with a primary myocardial abnormality.
Body weight loss after surgery as an independent risk factor for continuation of S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer.
Authors: Takaki Yoshikawa, Toru Aoyama, Hiroshi Kuwabara, Yo Mikayama, Takashi Ogata, Haruhiko Cho, Akira Tsuburaya
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

125 Background: S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival of stage II/III gastric cancer, however, the compliance is not high. The aim of the present study is to clarify risk factors for continuation of S-1 after gastrectomy. Methods: Patients were retrospectively selected according to the following criteria; (1) patients underwent curative D2 gastrectomy for gastric cancer during 2002 and 2010, (2) pathological stage II/III, (3) creatinine clearance more than 60 ml/min, and (4) S-1 was initiated at a dose of 80mg/m 2 within 6 weeks after surgery. Clinical factors when starting S-1 chemotherapy were examined by uni- and multi-variate analyses. Results: Seventy-five patients were eligible. Median age was 62 years (range: 36-80). Performance status was 0 in 65 patients and 1 in 10. Serum albumin level was &gt;4.0 g/dl in 34 patients and &lt;4.0 g/dl in 39. Operative procedure was total gastrectomy (TG) in 46 patients and distal one in 29. Median percentile of body weight loss to preoperative state (%BW loss) was 9.3 (range 0-21.1). Stage was II in 22 patients and III in 53. When %BW loss was classified to two groups; LOW (&lt;15%, n=64) and HIGH (&gt;15%, n=11), S-1 continuation rates were 82.8% in the LOW and 54.6% in the HIGH at 3 months and 73.2% in the LOW and 45.5% in the HIGH at 6 months, which were statistically significant (p=0.025). Among age, performance status, type of gastrectomy, %BW loss, serum albumin, and stage, only %BW loss was a significant independent risk factor for S-1continuation with hazard ratio of 2.437 by multi-variate Cox proportional hazard analyses (p=0.039). Conclusions: To improve drug compliance which leads to survival, it is a key to maintain BW before starting adjuvant chemotherapy. Peri-operative nutritional therapy should be developed and be focused on chronic inflammatory phase after surgery and on starvation after gastrectomy. A randomized phase III trial is on-going to show efficacy of peri-operative nutritional support including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA).
Transferability and curability of allergic disease by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Dilşad Mungan, Günhan Gürman, Zeynep Mısırlıgil, Selami Koçak Toprak, Klara Dalva, Pervin Topçuoğlu, Mübeccel Akdiş, Cezmi Akdiş
Journal: Allergy (2020)

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Safety and long-term efficacy of transition from sildenafil to tadalafil due to side effects in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Mona Lichtblau, Dominik Harzheim, Nicola Ehlken, Alberto M. Marra, Fabiola Pena Pinado, Ekkehard Grünig, Egenlauf Benjamin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Two phosphodiesterase-type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors, sildenafil and tadalafil, are an approved treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). It has not yet been observed if transition from sildenafil to tadalafil is beneficial in patients suffering adverse reactions. Aim of this study was to analyze feasibility and long-term effects in PAH patients whose treatment was transitioned from sildenafil to tadalafil due to intolerable side-effects.  Methods: A retrospective analysis of PAH-patients who were stable on sildenafil for 3 months and transitioned to tadalafil due to adverse events was performed. Data collected included demographics, PAH-etiology, WHO-functional class, 6 minute walking distance (6MWD), echocardiography, lung function tests and NTproBNP pre-transition, 3, 6 and 12 months post-transition.  Results: Included were 13 PAH patients (8 females, mean age 64±10years) who were on sildenafil for a mean of 12±8.4 months. In 6 patients a switch to tadalafil was feasible and resulted in tolerable side effects and a stable clinical course with improvement of symptoms, 6MWD, stable echocardiographic findings and NTproBNP-levels during a follow-up of 11±3 months. In 5 out of 13 patients adverse events occurred under tadalafil as well, therapy with PDE-5 inhibitors was discontinued. In 2 patients sildenafil-treatment could be successfully restarted after an intermittent switch to tadalafil.  Conclusion: The observations of this study indicate that a transition of PDE-5 inhibitors due to intolerable side effects is reasonable in ∼50% of the patients. These results should be verified by a larger prospective study.