tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Redefining dermatologists' role in skin cancer early detection and follow-up care [Editorial]
Authors: Monika Janda, Anna Finnane, H. Peter Soyer
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Early diagnosis of melanoma leads to the best prognosis for patients and may be more likely achieved when those who are at high risk for melanoma undergo regular and systematic monitoring. However, many people rarely or never see a dermatologist. Risk prediction models (recently reviewed by Usher-Smith et al ) could assist to triage people into preventive care appropriate for their risk profile. Most risk prediction models contain measures of phenotype including skin, eye and hair colour as well as genetic mutations. Almost all also contain the number and size of naevi, as well as the presence of naevi with atypical features which are independently associated with melanoma risk. In the absence of formal population-based screening programs for melanoma in most countries worldwide, people with high risk phenotypes may need to consider regular monitoring or self-monitoring of their naevi , especially since the vast majority of melanomas are found by people themselves or their friend and relatives. Another group of patients that will require regular monitoring are patients who have been successfully treated for their first melanoma, whose risk to develop a second melanoma is greatly increased . In a US study of 89,515 melanoma survivors those with a previous diagnosis of melanoma had a 9-fold increased risk of developing subsequent melanoma compared with the general population, equating to a rate of 3.76 per 1000 person-years, while in an Australian study, risk of subsequent melanoma was 6 per 1000 person-years. Regular follow-up is therefore essential for melanoma survivors, especially during the first few years after initial melanoma diagnosis.
Hybrid FDG-PET/MR or FDG-PET/CT to Detect Disease Activity in Patients With Persisting Arrhythmias After Myocarditis
Authors: Anna Palmisano, Davide Vignale, Giovanni Peretto, Elena Busnardo, Claudia Calcagno, Corrado Campochiaro, Giacomo De Luca, Simone Sala, Paola Ferro, Cristina Basso, Alessandro Del Maschio, Francesco De Cobelli, Antonio Esposito
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)
Mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 is necessary for AML survival
Authors: Dilshad H. Khan, Michael Mullokandov, Yan Wu, Veronique Voisin, Marcela Gronda, Rose Hurren, Xiaoming Wang, Neil MacLean, Danny V. Jeyaraju, Yulia Jitkova, G. Wei Xu, Rob Laister, Ayesh Seneviratne, Zachary M. Blatman, Troy Ketela, Gary D. Bader, Sajid A. Marhon, Daniel D. De Carvalho, Mark D. Minden, Atan Gross, Aaron D. Schimmer
Journal: Blood (2020)
Age, Diagnostic Category, Tumor Grade, and Mitosis-Karyorrhexis Index Are Independently Prognostic in Neuroblastoma: An INRG Project
Authors: Elizabeth Sokol, Ami V. Desai, Mark A. Applebaum, Dominique Valteau-Couanet, Julie R. Park, Andrew D.J. Pearson, Gudrun Schleiermacher, Meredith S. Irwin, Michael Hogarty, Arlene Naranjo, Samuel Volchenboum, Susan L. Cohn, Wendy B. London
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

The Children's Oncology Group (COG) stratifies the treatment of patients with neuroblastoma on the basis of a combination of biomarkers that include age and tumor histology classified by age-linked International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification (INPC) criteria. By definition, this leads to a duplication of the prognostic contribution of age. The individual histologic features underlying the INPC have prognostic strength and are incorporated in the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group classification schema. Here, we analyzed data in the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Data Commons to validate the prognostic strength of the underlying INPC criteria and to determine whether a risk classification devoid of the confounding of age and INPC criteria will identify new prognostic subgroups. Event-free survival of patients diagnosed between 1990 and 2002 (cohort 1; n = 10,104) and between 2003 and 2016 (cohort 2; n = 8,761) was analyzed. Recursive partitioning with univariate Cox models of event-free survival ("survival tree regression") was performed using (1) individual INPC criteria (age at diagnosis, histologic category, mitosis-karyorrhexis index (MKI), grade of differentiation) and (2) factors in (1) plus other COG-risk biomarkers (International Neuroblastoma Staging System [INSS] stage, MYCN status, ploidy). The independent prognostic ability of age, histologic category, MKI, and grade were validated. Four histologic prognostic groups were identified (< 18 months with low v high MKI, and ≥ 18 months with differentiating v undifferentiated/poorly differentiating tumors). Compared with survival trees generated with established COG risk criteria, an additional prognostic subgroup was identified and validated when individual histologic features were analyzed in lieu of INPC. Replacing INPC with individual histologic features in the COG risk classification will eliminate confounding, facilitate international harmonization of risk classification, and provide a schema for more precise prognostication and refined therapeutic approaches.
IL-1β suppression of VE-cadherin transcription underlies sepsis-induced inflammatory lung injury
Authors: Shiqin Xiong, Zhigang Hong, Long Shuang Huang, Yoshikazu Tsukasaki, Saroj Nepal, Anke Di, Ming Zhong, Wei Wu, Zhiming Ye, Xiaopei Gao, Gadiparthi N. Rao, Dolly Mehta, Jalees Rehman, Asrar B. Malik
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Unchecked inflammation is a hallmark of inflammatory tissue injury in diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Yet the mechanisms of inflammatory lung injury remain largely unknown. Here we showed that bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cecal ligation and puncture–induced (CLP-induced) polymicrobial sepsis decreased the expression of transcription factor cAMP response element binding (CREB) in lung endothelial cells. We demonstrated that endothelial CREB was crucial for VE-cadherin transcription and the formation of the normal restrictive endothelial adherens junctions. The inflammatory cytokine IL-1β reduced cAMP generation and CREB-mediated transcription of VE-cadherin. Furthermore, endothelial cell–specific deletion of CREB induced lung vascular injury whereas ectopic expression of CREB in the endothelium prevented the injury. We also observed that rolipram, which inhibits type 4 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase–mediated (PDE4-mediated) hydrolysis of cAMP, prevented endotoxemia-induced lung vascular injury since it preserved CREB-mediated VE-cadherin expression. These data demonstrate the fundamental role of the endothelial cAMP-CREB axis in promoting lung vascular integrity and suppressing inflammatory injury. Therefore, strategies aimed at enhancing endothelial CREB-mediated VE-cadherin transcription are potentially useful in preventing sepsis-induced lung vascular injury in ARDS.
Chitosan modified Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/KGN self-assembled nanoprobes for osteochondral MR diagnose and regeneration
Authors: Yuping Hong, Yaguang Han, Jun Wu, Xinxin Zhao, Jin Cheng, Guo Gao, Qirong Qian, Xiuying Wang, Weidong Cai, Hala Zreiqat, Dagan Feng, Jianrong Xu, Daxiang Cui
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Chondral and osteochondral defects caused by trauma or pathological changes, commonly progress into total joint degradation, even resulting in disability.The cartilage restoration is a great challenge because of its avascularity and limited proliferative ability.Additionally, precise diagnosis using non-invasive detection techniques is challenging, which increases problems associated with chondral disease treatment.Methods: To achieve a theranostic goal, we used an integrated strategy that relies on exploiting a multifunctional nanoprobe based on chitosan-modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which spontaneously self-assemble with the oppositely charged small molecule growth factor, kartogenin (KGN).This nanoprobe was used to obtain distinctively brighter T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, allowing its use as a positive contrast agent, and could be applied to obtain accurate diagnosis and osteochondral regeneration therapy.Results: This nanoprobe was first investigated using adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and was found to be a novel positive contrast agent that also plays a significant role in stimulating ADSCs differentiation into chondrocytes.This self-assembled probe was not only biocompatible both in vitro and in vivo, contributing to cellular internalization, but was also used to successfully make distinction of normal/damaged tissue in T2-weighted MR imaging.This novel combination was systematically shown to be biosafe via the decrement of apparent MR signals and elimination of ferroferric oxide over a 12-week regeneration period.Conclusion: Here, we established a novel method for osteochondral disease diagnosis and reconstruction.Using the Fe3O4-CS/KGN nanoprobe, it is easy to distinguish the defect position, and it could act as a tool for dynamic observation as well as a stem cell-based therapy for directionally chondral differentiation.
Glioblastoma-mediated Immune Dysfunction Limits CMV-specific T Cells and Therapeutic Responses: Results from a Phase I/II Trial
Authors: Shiao-Pei Weathers, Marta Penas-Prado, Be-Lian Pei, Xiaoyang Ling, Cynthia Kassab, Pinaki Banerjee, Mustafa Bdiwi, Hila Shaim, Abdullah Alsuliman, Mayra Shanley, John F. de Groot, Barbara J. O'Brien, Rebecca Harrison, Nazanin Majd, Carlos Kamiya-Matsuoka, Gregory N. Fuller, Jason T. Huse, Linda Chi, Ganesh Rao, Jeffrey S. Weinberg, Frederick F. Lang, Raymond Sawaya, Elizabeth J. Shpall, Katayoun Rezvani, Amy B. Heimberger
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigens occur in glioblastoma but not in normal brains, making them desirable immunologic targets.Highly functional autologous polyclonal CMV pp65-specific T cells from patients with glioblastoma were numerically expanded under good manufacturing practice compliant conditions and administered after 3 weeks of lymphodepleting dose-dense temozolomide (100 mg/m2) treatment. The phase I component used a 3+3 design, ascending through four dose levels (5 × 106-1 × 108 cells). Treatment occurred every 6 weeks for four cycles. In vivo persistence and effector function of CMV-specific T cells was determined by dextramer staining and multiparameter flow cytometry in serially sampled peripheral blood and in the tumor microenvironment.We screened 65 patients; 41 were seropositive for CMV; 25 underwent leukapheresis; and 20 completed ≥1 cycle. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. Radiographic response was complete in 1 patient, partial in 2. Median progression-free survival (PFS) time was 1.3 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 0-8.3 months]; 6-month PFS was 19% (95% CI, 7%-52%); and median overall survival time was 12 months (95% CI, 6 months to not reached). Repeated infusions of CMV-T cells paralleled significant increases in circulating CMV+ CD8+ T cells, but cytokine production showing effector activity was suppressed, especially from T cells obtained directly from glioblastomas.Adoptive infusion of CMV-specific T cells after lymphodepletion with dose-dense temozolomide was well tolerated. But apparently CMV seropositivity does not guarantee tumor susceptibility to CMV-specific T cells, suggesting heterogeneity in CMV antigen expression. Moreover, effector function of these T cells was attenuated, indicating a requirement for further T-cell modulation to prevent their dysfunction before conducting large-scale clinical studies.
Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis in a Patient with Covid-19
Authors: Alvaro Coronado Munoz, Upulie Nawaratne, David McMann, Misti Ellsworth, Jon Meliones, Konstantinos Boukas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis with Covid-19 The condition of a 3-week-old boy with nasal congestion, tachypnea, and reduced feeding deteriorated, and he underwent intubation and received hemodynamic s...
The Italian Belle
Authors: Ana Elizabeth Tucker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

On Being a Doctor21 April 2020The Italian BelleAna Elizabeth Tucker, MDAna Elizabeth Tucker, MDJohns Hopkins Bayview, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.T.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M19-2137 Audio Reading - “The Italian Belle” Audio. Virginia L. Hood, MD, a physician from the University of Vermont, reads “The Italian Belle” by Ana Elizabeth Tucker, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail “Ready for the next one?”Glancing up, I saw the attending triage leaning in the doorway. Having just finished evening rounds in the cardiac intensive care unit, my resident and I were camped out at computers clicking “refresh” and awaiting the next batch of severe laboratory abnormalities. I was nearing the end of my last month as an intern and had been racking up hours in house that I knew were not healthy. After weeks in the cardiac ICU, my life had started to adopt an anesthetic consistency—rounds, admission, orders, run the board, admission, orders, sign out, sleep, repeat—a life ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Johns Hopkins Bayview, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.T.)Corresponding Author: Ana Elizabeth Tucker, MD, 301 Mason Lord Drive, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21224; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “The Italian Belle” Audio. Virginia L. Hood, MD, a physician from the University of Vermont, reads “The Italian Belle” by Ana Elizabeth Tucker, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 April 2020Volume 172, Issue 8Page: 565-566KeywordsHeartHoneyPacemakersResearch laboratoriesRunningSaltsSleepSoapsSymptomatic bradycardiaTriage ePublished: 21 April 2020 Issue Published: 21 April 2020 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Impact of ATRA Duration during the Induction Treatment of Newly Diagnosed APL
Authors: Sylvain Thepot, Claude Gardin, Sylvie Chevret, Stephane de Botton, Emmanuel Raffoux, Agnes Guerci, Xavier Thomas, Arnaud Pigneux, Norbert Vey, Thierry Lamy, Francoise Huguet, Anne Vekhoff, Sandrine Meyer, Chelo Rayon, Thomas Pabst, Patrice Chevalier, Frederic Maloisel, Eric Deconinck, Augustin Ferrant, Dominique Bron, Herve Dombret, Nathalie Fegueux, Javier de la Serna, jean-Yves Cahn, Norbert Ifrah, Miguel A Sanz, Pierre Fenaux, Lionel Ades
Journal: Blood (2008)
Access to the common bile duct
Authors: Israël Cemachovic
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

See also: Comparison between a rotatable sphincterotome and a conventional sphincterotome for selective bile duct cannulationEndoscopy 2019; 51(09): 852-857DOI: 10.1055/a-0835-5900 See also: Reply to CemachovicEndoscopy 2020; 52(05): 416-416DOI: 10.1055/a-1117-3624
Paralytic Agents for Intubation in the Out-of-Hospital Setting
Authors: Asad E. Patanwala
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Experiences with stigmatization among transgender individuals after transition: A qualitative study in the Netherlands
Authors: Maria J. A. Verbeek, Mark A. Hommes, Sarah E. Stutterheim, Jacques J. D. M. van Lankveld, Arjan E. R. Bos
Journal: International Journal of Transgender Health (2020)

Background: Transgender individuals belong to one of the most stigmatized groups in society. Although the social stigma of transgender individuals has been examined many times, post transition stigma experiences among transgender individuals have received limited research attention. The aim of this study was to examine experiences with stigmatization among Dutch transgender individuals after their transition.Method: Ten trans women (age: M = 58.50, SD = 9.49) and 10 trans men (age: M = 42.90, SD = 13.62) participated in face-to-face semistructured interviews. Grounded theory was used to conceptualize and analyze the data. We examined the positive and negative reactions that transgender individuals experienced in the period after their transition. Furthermore, we explored differences between experiences of trans men and trans women. Finally, we examined differences between cisgender men and women regarding their reactions toward transgender individuals.Results: Participants reported improved psychological well-being since transition. However, they still experienced different forms of stigmatization. Trans women appeared to experience stronger social stigma than trans men. Trans women also experienced lower social status after their transition. They mainly experienced negative responses from cisgender men. Participants emphasized the importance of social and peer support.Conclusion: The current study findings demonstrate the presence of stigmatization after transition and argue for psychological aftercare. Social and peer support appeared to be important for coping with stigmatization, and improving the social network of transgender individuals is beneficial. Health providers and researchers are recommended to promote the development of constructive coping skills for transgender individuals with interventions especially targeting trans women.
Use of Mobile Health and Patient-Generated Data—Making Health Care Better by Making Health Care Different
Authors: Steven M. Bradley
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Roderick W. Treskes, PhD; Loes A. M. van Winden, MSc; Nicole van Keulen, MANP; Enno T. van der Velde, PhD; Saskia L. M. A. Beeres, MD, PhD; Douwe E. Atsma, MD, PhD; Martin Jan Schalij, MD, PhD
Multiplexed Evaluation of Microdosed Antineoplastic Agents <i>In Situ</i> in the Tumor Microenvironment of Patients with Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Authors: Kenneth R. Gundle, Gary B. Deutsch, Howard J. Goodman, Seth M. Pollack, Matthew J. Thompson, Jessica L. Davis, Mee-Young Lee, Daniel C. Ramirez, William Kerwin, Jessica A. Bertout, Marc O. Grenley, Kimberly H.W. Sottero, Emily Beirne, Jason Frazier, Joyoti Dey, Micah Ellison, Richard A. Klinghoffer, Robert G. Maki
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Purpose: A persistent issue in cancer drug development is the discordance between robust antitumor drug activity observed in laboratory models and the limited benefit frequently observed when patients are treated with the same agents in clinical trials. Difficulties in accurately modeling the complexities of human tumors may underlie this problem. To address this issue, we developed Comparative In Vivo Oncology (CIVO), which enables in situ investigation of multiple microdosed drugs simultaneously in a patient's tumor. This study was designed to test CIVO's safety and feasibility in patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Patients and Methods: We conducted a single arm, prospective, 13-patient pilot study. Patients scheduled for incisional biopsy or tumor resection were CIVO-injected 1 to 3 days prior to surgery. Saline or microdoses of anticancer agents were percutaneously injected into the tumor in a columnar fashion through each of eight needles. Following excision, drug responses were evaluated in the injected tissue. Results: The primary objective was met, establishing CIVO's feasibility and safety. Device-related adverse events were limited to transient grade 1 nonserious events. In addition, biomarker evaluation of localized tumor response to CIVO microinjected drugs by IHC or with NanoString GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler demonstrated consistency with known mechanisms of action of each drug, impact on the tumor microenvironment, and historic clinical activity. Conclusions: These results are an advance toward use of CIVO as a translational research tool for early evaluation of investigational agents and drug combinations in a novel approach to phase 0 trials. See related commentary by Sleijfer and Lolkema, p. 3897
A New Configuration for Helmet Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Allowing Tidal Volume Monitoring
Authors: Andrea Cortegiani, Giuseppe Accurso, Lorenzo Ball, Mariachiara Ippolito, Giulia Ingoglia, Filippo Vitale, Antonino Giarratano, Cesare Gregoretti
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

microbiome in BAL or EBC samples.However, BAL and EBC with larger bacterial biomasses may have detectable signals of SCFA that correlate with bacterial DNA signatures.We acknowledge that there are limitations of this small pilot study.First, our tests were done at a single site, on a single instrument, and we did not rigorously test reproducibility.Although the possibility of vial, column, or instrument contamination cannot be completely ruled out, nondetection of SCFA in neat MTBE suggests that these potential sources of contamination did not contribute to our findings.Furthermore, an LC-MS assay confirmed that there are detectable SCFAs in water.We also acknowledge that the limits of detection for SCFA may vary for different assays and that in samples with higher bacterial biomass, correlations between SCFAs and specific microbial taxa may exist.In conclusion, concentrations of SCFA in BAL and EBC from healthy control subjects are similar to those in water.These results highlight the need to include negative control samples when conducting SCFA assays of respiratory samples and likely other nonfecal samples.Furthermore, because we found detectable SCFA concentrations in samples containing only purified water from numerous different sources, SCFA data generated from such samples need to be interpreted with caution because they may not represent a true biological signal.
Abstract 13151: Non-Invasive, Remote, Self-Administered Acquisition of Fetal and Maternal ECG During Pregnancy
Authors: Jack Rychik, Steven Warsof, Sarah Schott, Christof Sohn, Lorinne Levitt Rosen, Nadav Schwartz, Simcha Yagel
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background/Objectives: Although ECG is a cornerstone for cardiovascular assessment in children and adults, fetal (f) ECG is currently not readily available for clinical or research purposes. Record...
Hepatitis B prevention: Can we learn from the response to HIV/AIDS?
Authors: Mirjam E. E. Kretzschmar, Marianne A. B. van der Sande
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2020)

Mirjam Kretzschmar and Marianne van der Sande discuss the accompanying research study by Anna McNaughton and colleagues on strategies to reduce the burden of hepatitis B in African countries.