tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gallbladder cancer presenting with jaundice: Uniformly fatal or still potentially curable?
Authors: Thuy Tran, Cecilia Grace Ethun, Timothy M. Pawlik, Stefan Buettner, Kamran Idrees, Chelsea A Isom, Ryan C. Fields, Bradley Krasnick, Sharon M. Weber, Ahmed I. Salem, Robert C. G. Martin, Charles R. Scoggins, Perry Shen, Harveshp Mogal, Carl Richard Schmidt, Eliza W Beal, Ioannis Hatzaras, Rivfka Shenoy, Shishir Kumar Maithel, George A. Poultsides
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

336 Background: The prognosis of patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC) who present with jaundice has historically been considered dismal, however recent Eastern literature has demonstrated that surgical resection can be associated with long-term survival. The objective of this study was to utilize a contemporary, Western, multi-institutional dataset to examine the prognostic significance of preoperative jaundice on short- and long-term outcomes after GBC resection. Methods: Patients with GBC managed surgically from 2000 to 2015 in 10 academic institutions participating in the U.S. Extrahepatic Biliary Malignancy Consortium were stratified based on the presence of preoperative jaundice (bilirubin &gt; 3 mg/ml or requiring preoperative biliary drainage). Postoperative morbidity, mortality, and overall survival were compared. Results: Of 449 patients with GBC evaluated for resection, 301 (67%) eventually underwent curative-intent resection. Resectability for cure was much lower in patients with preoperative jaundice (48% vs. 79%, p &lt; 0.001). Of 273 patients who underwent curative-intent resection and had available preoperative bilirubin levels, 53 (19%) had preoperative jaundice and were noted to have tumors of T3/4 stage (63% vs 42%, P = 0.008), with lymph node metastasis (63% vs. 41%; p = 0.014), lymphovascular invasion (68% vs 39%; p = 0.003), and R1 margins (37 vs. 9%; p &lt; 0.001). Patients with jaundice more commonly required CBD (55% vs 32%, P = 0.004), major liver (25% vs. 7%; p &lt; 0.001) and portal vein resection (8% vs. 0.5%; p = 0.006), as well as intraoperative blood transfusion (29 % vs. 11%; p = 0.002). Overall morbidity (57% vs. 38%; p = 0.031) and in-hospital mortality (7.5% vs. 1.4%; p = 0.029) rates were higher in patients with jaundice. Overall survival after curative-intent resection was worse in patients with jaundice (median 12 vs 33 months; p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Half of GBC patients presenting with jaundice are not resectable for cure and when they are, their 5-year survival is 12%. These patients should not be excluded from multidisciplinary treatment strategies that include surgery, however expectations should be clearly set and selection should be cautious.
Rapid and efficient gene transfer in human hepatocytes by herpes viral vectors*1
Authors: Y FONG
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Retroviral vectors have been widely studied as vehicles for hepatocyte gene therapy, but they are limited by an inability to infect nondividing cells and the need for prolonged cell culture. Two replication deficient herpes simplex viral vectors (HSV) were constructed with the marker genes lac-Z/β-galactosidase (HSVlac) or human-growth hormone (HSVhGH) to determine the efficiency of HSV gene transfer into adult human hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were isolated by collagenase perfusions and density centrifugation from liver wedge biopsy specimens obtained from six patients. After exposure to HSV (0, 50,000, and 500,000 viral particles/106 hepatocytes) for 20 minutes, 1 hour, or 2 hours, the hepatocytes were washed and placed in culture. Hepatocytes transduced with HSVlac were fixed at 24 hours and histochemically stained with X-gal, and media from HSVhGH-transduced cells were assayed at 48 hours by radioimmunoassay for hGH. After a 20-minute exposure at a multiplicity of infection of 0.5 (1 viral particle per 2 hepatocytes), greater than 35% of the hepatocytes expressed the lac-Z gene (>70% efficiency). hGH was also detected in the media from HSVhGH-transduced cells, showing that proteins coded for by foreign genes are not only expressed by transduced cells but are also secreted. Isolated liver perfusions using HSVlac were also performed in Fischer rats. A 20-minute isolated perfusion using 5 × 106 viral particles resulted in expression of the β-galactosidase gene in the rodent livers 72 hours later without histological signs of tissue injury. HSV vectors are potentially powerful tools for gene therapy of human liver disease, because they are efficient and rapid vehicles for gene transfer. Ex vivo modified hepatocytes theoretically may be ready for reinfusion within 100 minutes of liver resection. Efficient in vivo delivery of foreign gene may also be accomplished using these vectors.
Annals Graphic Medicine - White Coat
Authors: Lilly Taing
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Web Exclusives5 May 2020Annals Graphic Medicine - White CoatFREELilly Taing, BALilly Taing, BAIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (L.T.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G19-0066 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Adam KortowskiNone12 May 2020 Poetry and Graphics At 57 I have to wipe tears off my eyes when I read this.Burnout goes away. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (L.T.)Disclosures: The author has disclosed no conflicts of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G19-0066.Author/Illustrator Information: Lilly Taing is a second-year medical student at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and an illustrator/comics artist. She likes to draw quiet, comforting things and tries to use art to help marginalized communities have their voices heard. Her work has been featured in Intima: A Journal of Narrative Medicine; Comics for Choice: Illustrated Abortion Stories, History, and Politics; CORPUS: A Comic Anthology of Bodily Ailments; and elsewhere. You can view her artwork at https://lillytaingart.wixsite.com/portfolio. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 May 2020Volume 172, Issue 9Page: W108-W118KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosureHealth careHistory of medicine ePublished: 5 May 2020 Issue Published: 5 May 2020 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
3D printing of multilayered scaffolds for rotator cuff tendon regeneration
Authors: Xiping Jiang, Shaohua Wu, Mitchell Kuss, Yunfan Kong, Wen Shi, Philipp N. Streubel, Tieshi Li, Bin Duan
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

Repairing massive rotator cuff tendon defects remains a challenge due to the high retear rate after surgical intervention. 3D printing has emerged as a promising technique that enables the fabrication of engineered tissues with heterogeneous structures and mechanical properties, as well as controllable microenvironments for tendon regeneration. In this study, we developed a new strategy for rotator cuff tendon repair by combining a 3D printed scaffold of polylactic-
COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN AMBULATORY PATIENTS WITH SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE: INSIGHTS FROM THE WARFARIN VERSUS ASPIRIN IN REDUCED CARDIAC EJECTION FRACTION (WARCEF) TRIAL
Authors: Siqin Ye, Susan Graham, Min Qian, lexandra R. Sanford, Marco Di Tullio, Ralph Sacco, Douglas Mann, Bruce Levin, Patrick Pullicino, Ronald Freudenberger, John Teerlink, J.P. Mohr, Arthur Labovitz, Gregory Lip, Conrado J. Estol, Derek J. Lok, Piotr Ponikowski, Stefan nker, John L.P. Thompson, Shunichi Homma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
MCL1 Haploinsufficiency Protects Mice From MYC-Induced Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Authors: Zhifu Xiang, Hui Luo, Jacqueline E. Payton, Lukas D Wartman, Julie Ritchey, John F. DiPersio, Timothy J. Ley, Joseph T Opferman, Michael Tomasson
Journal: Blood (2009)
Neoadjuvant atezolizumab and chemotherapy in patients with resectable non-small-cell lung cancer: an open-label, multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial
Authors: Catherine A Shu, Justin F Gainor, Mark M Awad, Codruta Chiuzan, Claud M Grigg, Aliyah Pabani, Robert F Garofano, Mark B Stoopler, Simon K Cheng, Abby White, Michael Lanuti, Frank D'Ovidio, Matthew Bacchetta, Joshua R Sonett, Anjali Saqi, Naiyer A Rizvi
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2020)
Association of Childhood Psychomotor Coordination With Survival Up to 6 Decades Later
Authors: G. David Batty, Ian J. Deary, Mark Hamer, Philipp Frank, David Bann
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Poorer performance on standard tests of motor coordination in children has emerging links with sedentary behavior, obesity, and functional capacity in later life. These observations are suggestive of an untested association of coordination with health outcomes, including mortality. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the association of performance on a series of psychomotor coordination tests in childhood with mortality up to 6 decades later. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> The British National Child Development Study (1958 Birth Cohort Study) is a prospective cohort study based on a nationally representative sample of births from England, Scotland, and Wales. A total of 17 415 individuals had their gross and fine motor psychomotor coordination assessed using 9 tests at ages 11 and 16 years. Data analysis for the present study was conducted from October 2016 to December 2019. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> All-cause mortality as ascertained from a vital status registry and survey records. <h3>Results</h3> In this birth cohort study of 17 415 individuals who underwent a series of psychomotor coordination tests in childhood, follow up was conducted over several decades. Of the analytical sample of 12 678 individuals, 51% were male, and 72% came from a lower social group. Mortality surveillance between ages 12 and 58 years in an analytical sample of 17 062 men and women yielded 1072 deaths (766 661 person-years at risk). In survival analyses with adjustment for sex, higher scores on 7 of the 9 childhood coordination tests were associated with a lower risk of mortality in a stepwise manner. After controlling for early-life socioeconomic, health, cognitive, and developmental factors, lower mortality was statistically significantly associated with 3 tests: ball catching at age 11 years (0-8 vs 10 catches: hazard ratio [HR], 1.57; 95% CI, 1.19-2.07), match-picking at age 11 years (&gt;50 vs 0-36 seconds: HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.09-1.63), and hopping at age 16 years (very unsteady vs very steady: HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.01-1.63). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> The results of this cohort study suggest that childhood motor coordination is associated with lower mortality up to middle-age; these findings require replication.
Hypoxia modulation of HIF-1α in ovarian cancer cell lines is associated with cisplatin resistance
Authors: Dana Chase, Basmina Parmakhtiar, Valerie Trapp, Krishnansu Tewari, Bradley Monk, Robert Burger, John Fruehauf
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

709  Chemoresistance in cancer is thought to be due in part to hypoxia-mediated stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α). Under hypoxic conditions, formation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species results in stabilization of HIF-1α. HIF-1α, in complex with HIF-1β and other cell-specific transactivating factors, modulates the expression of more than 70 downstream genes, some of which have been shown to suppress cancer cell apoptotic potential. We therefore set out to determine if hypoxia-related HIF stabilization would cause cisplatin resistance. Three ovarian cell lines were studied: CAOV3, OVCAR5, and OVCA433. Cells were exposed to low oxygen conditions (0.5% O2) or 100 uM of cobalt chloride (CoCl2) to mimic tumor hypoxia and stabilize HIF1α protein. Cobalt chloride stabilization of HIF-1α was used to modulate drug resistance in cell lines. Cells were plated in 96 well plates and pre-treated with 100uM cobalt chloride for 24 hours and treated with various doses of cisplatin. Cell line dose response to cisplatin after 72 hours was determined using the XTT assay. The OVCAR5 cell line showed a two fold increase in cisplatin resistance in the presence of cobalt chloride treatment (IC50=17uM) compared to cell lines without cobalt chloride treatment (IC50=8.5uM). Other cell lines showed comparable changes in cisplatin dose response in the presence of cobalt chloride. Topotecan is an agent which targets topoisomerase I (Topo I) and is used in the treatment of platinum-resistant and/or recurrent ovarian cancer. Our previous studies in ovarian cancer cell lines demonstrated topotecan’s ability to knock down HIF-1α protein expression in a Topoisomerase I dependent- manner. We thus hypothesize that low dose topotecan will knockdown HIF-1α protein and sensitize cell lines to cisplatin treatment. The Topoisomerase I levels in the three cell lines were determined using western blots and HIF1α levels were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Cell lines were then treated with topotecan and HIF-1α levels were determined by IHC. Topotecan knockdown of HIF-1α in these cell lines was dose-dependant. We are currently evaluating the effect of topotecan on HIF-mediated cisplatin resistance. HIF-1α silencing RNA will also be used to modulate chemosensitization. Downregulation of HIF1α after topotecan treatment may be of clinical benefit when used in combination with chemotherapy agents.
Treatment of Bacterial Meningitis
Authors: Vincent J. Quagliarello, W. Michael Scheld
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Few diseases have been affected more by the advent of antimicrobial therapy than bacterial meningitis. From its recognition in 1805 to the early 20th century, bacterial meningitis was fatal. Although the introduction of antibiotics made it curable,14 morbidity and mortality from the disease remain unacceptably high. In a recent report, 61 percent of infants who survived gram-negative bacillary meningitis had developmental disabilities and neurologic sequelae.5 Similarly, in a recent review of 493 episodes of bacterial meningitis in adults, the overall case fatality rate was 25 percent.6 In this article we highlight epidemiologic trends, review principles of antibiotic pharmacokinetics, and . . .
Politicians must heed health effects of climate change
Authors: Victor Lim, Joseph W Stubbs, Nazmun Nahar, Naomali Amarasena, Zafar Ullah Chaudry, Steven Chow Kim Weng, Bongani Mayosi, Zephne van der Spuy, Raymond Liang, Kar Neng Lai, Geoffrey Metz, G William N Fitzgerald, Brian Williams, Neil Douglas, John Donohoe, Somwang Darnchaivijir, Patrick Coker, Ian Gilmore
Journal: The Lancet (2009)
Association of Mandatory-Access Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs With Opioid Prescriptions Among Medicare Patients Treated by a Medical or Hematologic Oncologist
Authors: Ilana Graetz, Courtney R. Yarbrough, Xin Hu, David H. Howard
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

This cohort study examines the association between prescription drug monitoring program mandates with and without a cancer exemption and the percent of oncologists' patients with any opioid prescription covered by Medicare Part D.
Developmental trajectory of prehematopoietic stem cell formation from endothelium
Authors: Qin Zhu, Peng Gao, Joanna Tober, Laura Bennett, Changya Chen, Yasin Uzun, Yan Li, Elizabeth D. Howell, Melanie Mumau, Wenbao Yu, Bing He, Nancy A. Speck, Kai Tan
Journal: Blood (2020)
The divided we and multiple obligations
Authors: Bradley Franks, Andrew Stewart
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2020)

Abstract Tomasello's account of the origins and nature of moral obligation rightly emphasises the key roles of social relations and a cooperative sense of “we.” However, we suggest that it overlooks the complexity of those social relations and the resulting prevalence of a divided “we” in moral social groups. We argue that the social identity dynamics that arise can lead to competing obligations in a single group, and this has implications for the evolution of obligation.
Abstract 11598: Neighbourhood Socioeconomic Status Inversely Associated With Blood Pressure Among Afro-Caribbean Youth
Authors: Trevor S Ferguson, Novie O M Younger-Coleman, Jasneth A Mullings, Damian K Francis, Lisa-Gaye Greene, Parris Lyew-Ayee, Rainford J Wilks
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Neighbourhood characteristics are associated with several diseases, but few studies have investigated the neighbourhood effects on health in Jamaica. We evaluated the relationship bet...
Sensitivity and specificity of lymphocyte transformation test in children with mild delayed hypersensitivity reactions to beta‐lactams
Authors: Francesca Mori, Lucia Fili, Lucrezia Sarti, Manuela Capone, Giulia Liccioli, Mattia Giovannini, Simona Barni, Elio M. Novembre, Paola Parronchi
Journal: Allergy (2020)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
PTH-067 High quality colon cleansing with novel 1l peg-based bowel preparation ner1006 versus current alternatives
Authors: Richard Ng, Cesare Hassan, Jonathan Manning, Michael Epstein
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Effective colonoscopy requires successful bowel cleansing. A segmental score of 2 on the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) is considered adequate for the detection of polyps&gt;5 mm.<sup>1</sup> New data indicate however that lesion detection rates may improve further at higher levels of cleansing.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Methods</h3> The NER1006 phase 3 studies had randomised patient populations and treatment-blinded central readers for standardised BBPS assessment in the overall colon [3–5]. This post hoc analysis of all three phase 3 trials compares high versus adequate cleansing quality with NER1006 versus its comparators, using the per protocol (PP) population. Patients (n=1521) aged 18–85 years took their bowel preparations either on the day before colonoscopy (DAYB), as overnight split dosing (NOCT and MORA), or in the morning of the day of colonoscopy (MORA). All analyses were carried out using the statistical package R v3.1.3. Confidence intervals and t-test for each mean difference and two-sided P-values were calculated using Fisher's exact test. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These results confirm previous findings that NER1006 is a more effective bowel preparation than NaP +MgCit and 2L PEG +Asc. If used routinely in large populations, the higher level of cleansing obtained with NER1006 will likely contribute towards increased lesion detection rates. <h3>References</h3> 1. Gastroenterology 2016;150(2):396–405. 2. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016;14(8):1155–62. 3. <i>Gastroenterology</i> 2016;150(4):S1269–70. Abstract Tu2084. 4. UEG Journal 2016;4(5):A1–156. OP375. 5. <i>UEG Journal</i> 2016;4(5):A157–A720. P1266.
Shear-Induced Fibrillar-like Supramolecules of Plasma Fibronectin: A New Form of Fibronectin with Enhanced Activity in Platelet Adhesion and Aggregation
Authors: Khon C. Huynh, Huong T. T. Nguyen, Volker R. Stoldt, Marianna Gyenes, Rudiger E. Scharf
Journal: Blood (2014)
Determining the Appropriate Risk-Adapted Screening Age for Familial Breast Cancer—Reply
Authors: Mahdi Fallah, Trasias Mukama, Elham Kharazmi
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Microwave ablation of primary breast cancer inhibits metastatic progression in model mice via activation of natural killer cells
Authors: Muxin Yu, Hong Pan, Nan Che, Li Li, Cong Wang, Yue Wang, Ge Ma, Mengjia Qian, Jiawei Liu, Mingjie Zheng, Hui Xie, Lijun Ling, Yi Zhao, Xiaoxiang Guan, Qiang Ding, Wenbin Zhou, Shui Wang
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2020)
Antigen Receptors On B Lymphocytes
Authors: M Reth
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (1992)

Recent studies on the structure of the B cell antigen receptor demonstrate that the membrane-bound and antigen-binding immunoglobulin molecules are noncovalently associated with a heterodimer of two novel transmembrane proteins. The B cell antigen receptor is thus a multicomponent receptor complex whose structural features are similar to those of the T cell antigen receptor complex. Cross-linking of the B cell antigen receptor results in rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of substrate proteins. This suggests that the B cell receptor belongs to a subgroup of the tyrosine kinase receptor family with a noncovalently associated src-like tyrosine kinase.
Paraumbilical vein patency in cirrhosis: Effects on hepatic hemodynamics evaluated by Doppler sonography*1
Authors: D SACERDOTI
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Doppler sonographic portal vein parameters are used for the noninvasive evaluation of portal hypertension in cirrhosis. The patency of a paraumbilical vein is a rather frequent finding in cirrhosis, which may affect hepatic hemodynamics and function. We evaluated portal and hepatic arterial parameters in 184 cirrhotic patients with and without a patent paraumbilical vein and the relationships with paraumbilical blood flow. A patent paraumbilical vein was found in 33.7% of patients. The prevalence was higher (56.8%) in Child C patients. Portal blood flow velocity (PBV) (10.8 ± 2.2 vs. 9.8 ± 2.4 cm/sec; P < .01) and volume (PBF) (995.0 ± 383.8 vs. 811.6 ± 318.7 mL/min; P < .001) were significantly higher, and effective portal liver perfusion (PLP) (portal blood flow-paraumbilical blood flow) (621.3 ± 420.8 vs. 811.6 ± 318.7 mL/min; P < .001) was significantly lower in patients with a patent paraumbilical vein than in those without. These differences were more evident in Child C patients (10.7 ± 2.0 vs. 8.3 ± 2.3 cm/sec; 935.7 ± 378.3 vs. 680.6 ± 239.4 mL/min; 369.0 ± 282.0 vs. 680.6 ± 239.4 mL/min). Portal vein diameter, the congestion index (CI) of the portal vein, hepatic arterial resistance indexes, and the severity of esophageal varices did not differ between the two groups. In patients with a patent paraumbilical vein, the Child-Pugh score and the prevalence of ascites were significantly higher than in those without. In conclusion, the evaluation of PBV and PBF in cirrhotic patients can provide misleading results if a paraumbilical vein is patent, underestimating the degree of portal hypertension. The CI and hepatic arterial resistance indexes are not influenced by the paraumbilical vein patency.