tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P028: High Framingham General Cardiovascular Disease Risk Scores in Victims of Out of Hospital Sudden Death
Authors: Kyaw Khant, Mojtaba Mirzaei, Golsa Joodi, Brittany M Bogle, Jessica P Flowers, Samip M Patel, Feng-Chang Lin, Ross J Simpson
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Individuals with a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have a high risk of out-of-hospital sudden unexpected death (OHSUD). However, most OHSUDs occur in victims without a prior history of CVD. Information on CVD risk in these victims is scarce. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that OHSUD victims who had no prior diagnosis of CVD have higher 10-year CVD risk compared to a matched living control population. Methods: OHSUD cases were adjudicated from all emergency medical service attended out-of-hospital deaths aged 30-64 in Wake County, NC between 2013-2015. Age group and gender-matched controls were randomly selected from Wake County residents who visited a local healthcare facility over the same period (~3:1 match ratio). We obtained two years of medical records prior to death (cases) or last visit (controls). After excluding individuals with a history of CVD, we calculated the 10-year risk of CVD for each subject using the published general CVD algorithms by D'Agostino et al. Risk was classified into low (&lt;6%), moderate (6%-20%), and high (&gt;20%). Results: Among subjects without CVD, we included 106 cases and 414 controls who had sufficient data for calculating Framingham risk score. Gender distribution was similar in both case and control groups. The average 10-year risk of CVD was higher for OHSUDs than controls (29% vs. 16%, p=&lt;0.0001). Similar results were found in both men (34% vs. 19%, p=&lt;0.0001) and women (11% vs. 7.3%, p=0.0005). A larger proportion of OHSUDs were considered “high risk” compared to controls (57% (60 of 106) vs. 28% (114 of 414), p=&lt;0.001). This finding remained significant when stratified by gender (Figure). Conclusion: The majority of out of hospital sudden death victims without known CVD are at high risk of cardiovascular disease. This finding bolsters the essential role of office-based risk assessment tools in identifying high risk patients antemortem. Targeted interventions for intensive CVD risk reduction may lead to a decrease in sudden deaths.
HP0020 Pain treatment of the rheumatic disorders with electric therapy
Authors: NK Basic, M Basic, D Masatovic
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3></h3> Pain relief is one of the most important assignments of physical therapy (PT) and for that purpose different procedures have been used. Their advantage is that they have no side effects, which is very important for rheumatic patients, who are forced to take NSAIDs for a very long period. The aim of this work was to investigate effects of different electric procedures on pain and joint swelling of rheumatic patients. <h3>Material and methods</h3> The investigation was conducted on 40 patients with knee osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Every knee was treated with different electric procedure. Mean age of patients was 54.6 years (SD 8.9), and mean duration of the illness was 12.1 years (SD 8.7). Interferrent, modulated and galvanic currents have been used. Treatment lasted for four weeks and in that period every patient received 20 therapies. Pain degree has been evaluated according to analogue visual scale -VAS (0–100) before and after the treatment. At the end of the treatment patients and physicians have given their evaluation of the PT effect separately with grades from 1 to 5 (1- poor effect and 5 – excellent effect). <h3>Results</h3> All three currents had good analgesic effect and there was a statistically significant difference in the pain evaluation before and after the application of all electric procedures (p &lt; 0.001). By the application of galvanic current knee pain was evaluated as 80.25 before the therapy and it was reduced to 33 after PT. Modulated currents application led to pain reduction from 82 to 33, and interferrent currents application from 88.5 to 37.5. However there was no significant difference in analgesic effect between the different procedures. As far as the joint swelling is concerned, it has been reduced for 1–3 cm in 57% of the patients after the application of galvanic current, in 89% after modulated current and in 83% after interferrent current. Physicians evaluated the effect of the electric therapy with the mean grade of 4.2 by patients and with 4.05. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Electric therapy has a statistically significant influence in the pain reduction in rheumatoid patients, but there is not a significant difference between them. It is an inexpensive therapy without side effects and it has to be in use more then it was until now.
Association of cigarette smoking and glutathione S-transferase M1 polymorphism with risk for uterine cervical cancer.
Authors: Koji Nishino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e12540 Background: To elucidate the role of tobacco smoking and polymorphisms of carcinogen metabolism genes in cervical carcinogenesis. Methods: We analyzed genotypes of nine genes, 11 polymorphisms encoding carcinogen metabolizing enzymes, information on smoking, and the presence of human papillomavirus in 124 Japanese cervical cancer patients and 125 healthy controls. Results: The incidence of human papillomavirus infection (95.5% vs 9.9%; P &lt; 0.001; odds ratio (OR), 231.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 57.17-941.22), and smoking (41.1% vs 18.4%; P &lt; 0.001; OR, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.88-6.17) were both significantly higher in patients than in controls. The genotype distributions of CYP1A1, CYP2E1, CYP2A6, NQO1, NAT2, mEH, MPO and GSTT1 genes were not statistically different; however, the ratio of the GSTM1 null genotype was significantly higher in patients than in controls (62.1% vs 47.2%; P = 0.019; OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.11-3.04). The incidence of GSTM1 null was significantly higher in the non-smoking group (63.0% vs 47.1%; P = 0.038; OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.04-3.54), and not in the smoking group (60.8% vs 47.8%; P = 0.300; OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 0.63-4.56). Conclusions: In the current study, risk factors for developing cervical cancer were tobacco smoking and GSTM1 null; however, no association was observed between these two factors. We could not prove that smoking-GSTM1 null interaction was responsible for the increase in cervical cancer among young Japanese, and further studies with more detailed smoking status, not only active but passive smoking, will be required.
Phase 2 Study of Blinatumomab in Japanese Adults with Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (R/R ALL)
Authors: Yukio Kobayashi, Zachary F. Zimmerman, Iekuni Oh, Yoshinobu Maeda, Hironobu Minami, Toshihiro Miyamoto, Toru Sakura, Hiroatsu Iida, Yuqi Chen, Hitoshi Kiyoi
Journal: Blood (2018)
Association Between P300 Responses to Auditory Oddball Stimuli and Clinical Outcomes in the Psychosis Risk Syndrome
Authors: Holly K. Hamilton, Brian J. Roach, Peter M. Bachman, Aysenil Belger, Ricardo E. Carrion, Erica Duncan, Jason K. Johannesen, Gregory A. Light, Margaret A. Niznikiewicz, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Thomas H. McGlashan, Diana O. Perkins, Larry J. Seidman, Ming T. Tsuang, Elaine F. Walker, Scott W. Woods, Tyrone D. Cannon, Daniel H. Mathalon
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2019)

In most patients, a prodromal period precedes the onset of schizophrenia. Although clinical criteria for identifying the psychosis risk syndrome (PRS) show promising predictive validity, assessment of neurophysiologic abnormalities in at-risk individuals may improve clinical prediction and clarify the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.To determine whether P300 event-related potential amplitude, which is deficient in schizophrenia, is reduced in the PRS and associated with clinical outcomes.Auditory P300 data were collected as part of the multisite, case-control North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS-2) at 8 university-based outpatient programs. Participants included 552 individuals meeting PRS criteria and 236 healthy controls with P300 data. Auditory P300 data of participants at risk who converted to psychosis (n = 73) were compared with those of nonconverters who were followed up for 24 months and continued to be symptomatic (n = 135) or remitted from the PRS (n = 90). Data were collected from May 27, 2009, to September 17, 2014, and were analyzed from December 3, 2015, to May 1, 2019.Baseline electroencephalography was recorded during an auditory oddball task. Two P300 subcomponents were measured: P3b, elicited by infrequent target stimuli, and P3a, elicited by infrequent nontarget novel stimuli.This study included 788 participants. The PRS group (n = 552) included 236 females (42.8%) (mean [SD] age, 19.21 [4.38] years), and the healthy control group (n = 236) included 111 females (47.0%) (mean [SD] age, 20.44 [4.73] years). Target P3b and novelty P3a amplitudes were reduced in at-risk individuals vs healthy controls (d = 0.37). Target P3b, but not novelty P3a, was significantly reduced in psychosis converters vs nonconverters (d = 0.26), and smaller target P3b amplitude was associated with a shorter time to psychosis onset in at-risk individuals (hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.04-2.00; P = .03). Participants with the PRS who remitted had baseline target P3b amplitudes that were similar to those of healthy controls and greater than those of converters (d = 0.51) and at-risk individuals who remained symptomatic (d = 0.41).In this study, deficits in P300 amplitude appeared to precede psychosis onset. Target P3b amplitudes, in particular, may be sensitive to clinical outcomes in the PRS, including both conversion to psychosis and clinical remission. Auditory target P3b amplitude shows promise as a putative prognostic biomarker of clinical outcome in the PRS.
Engage with the next wave of Britain’s National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles
Authors: Catherine H Mercer, Pam Sonnenberg, Melvina Woode-Owusu, Soazig Clifton, Mary-Clare Ridge
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Poor sexual and reproductive health causes major morbidity. Sexually transmitted infection diagnoses continue to rise;1 teenage pregnancy rates, although falling,2 remain among the highest in Europe; and societal acknowledgment of the extent and consequences of sexual violence has shifted.3 The BMJ recently published the latest output from Britain’s National Surveys of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal), which investigated changes in, and factors associated with, the frequency of sex in Britain, …
High rates of psychosocial stress among Hispanic breast cancer survivors
Authors: A. J. Apollo, K. D. Crew, J. Campbell, H. Greenlee, J. S. Jacobson, V. Grann, G. Raptis, Y. Ortiz, D. L. Hershman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

9113 Background: Due to early detection and improved treatments, women with breast cancer are living longer. We conducted a survey of attitudes about physical health, psychosocial issues, and health-related behaviors among female breast cancer survivors. Methods: Consecutive women with early-stage breast cancer who were ≥3 months post-completion of primary treatment and had no evidence of residual disease were asked to complete a 127-item self-administered questionnaire assessing physical/emotional health, complementary/alternative medicine use, and employment/financial concerns. Baseline demographic and clinical data were collected, including stage, tumor characteristics, and treatments. Endpoints were differences in responses between Hispanic and white patients on a 5-point scale, or dichotomized for each item. Results: Of 133 respondents, 66 were white and 67 were Hispanic. Their median age was 54 (26–90) years, and their median time since diagnosis was 3 (1–20) years. Compared to whites, Hispanic patients were younger (age &lt;45, 34% vs. 9%, p=0.01), less educated (40% vs. 5% not completing high school, p&lt;0.0001), and more likely to have a yearly household income &lt;$10,000 (58% vs. 7%, p&lt;0.0001). Hispanics were more likely than whites to report depression (31% vs 8%, p=0.0008) and depression-related symptoms and stressors such as: anorexia, pain, financial stress, and infidelity by spouse ( Table 1 ). Hispanics were also more likely to have religious beliefs that helped them cope with cancer. Differences between groups in fatigue, memory loss, and anxiety were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Our study suggests that Hispanic breast cancer survivors may have higher rates of depression and psychosocial stressors than white women. Further research is warranted to assess factors that contribute to depression in cancer survivors, and interventions to diagnose and treat it effectively. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Importance of Neuroimaging in the Evaluation of Zika Virus–Exposed Infants
Authors: Sarah B. Mulkey
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

Kara-Lee Pool, MD; Kristina Adachi, MD; Stellios Karnezis, MD; Noriko Salamon, MD, PhD; Tahmineh Romero, MS; Karin Nielsen-Saines, MD, MPH; Sheila Pone, MD, PhD; Marcia Boechat, MD, PhD; Mitsue Aibe, MD; Tallita Gomes da Silva, MD; Carla Trevisan Martins Ribeiro, PhD; M. Ines Boechat, MD; Patricia Brasil, MD, PhD; Andrea Zin, MD, PhD; Irena Tsui, MD; Stephanie L. Gaw, MD, PhD; Pedro Daltro, MD; Bianca Guedes Ribeiro, MD; Tatiana Fazecas, MD; L. Celso Hygino da Cruz, MD; Renata Nogueira, MD; Zilton Vasconcelos, PhD; Jose Paulo Pereira Jr, MD; Tania Saad Salles, MD; Claudia Neves Barbosa, MD; Weiqiang Chen, PhD; Suan-Sin Foo, PhD; Jae Jung, PhD; Maria Elisabeth Moreira, MD, PhD; Marcos Pone, MD, PhD
Abstract 1016: The androgen receptor splice variant AR-V7 associates with the glucocorticoid receptor following androgen blockade
Authors: Eric Bueter, David Hosfield, Erin McAuley, Phillip Selman, Geoffrey Greene, Suzanne D. Conzen, Russell Z. Szmulewitz
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Expression of the constitutively active androgen receptor splice variant AR-V7 is associated with resistance to anti-androgen therapies and worse clinical outcomes in prostate cancer. Dimerization is a requirement for AR-V7 transcriptional activity, but whether that occurs through homodimerization or heterodimerization remains poorly understood. Because NR3C-family nuclear hormone receptors rely on a highly conserved D-box motif within the DNA-binding domain to mediate dimerization, we hypothesized that AR-V7 can heterodimerize with other NR3C-family nuclear hormone receptors, with a particular interest in the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Like AR-V7, GR is upregulated in prostate cancer following androgen blockade, regulates canonical AR target genes, and is associated with resistance to anti-androgen therapies. Using NanoBRET technology in HEK293 cells, we found that AR-V7 interacts with liganded NR3C-family nuclear hormone receptors, including the full-length androgen receptor, the progesterone receptor, the mineralocorticoid receptor, and, most notably, GR. Using co-immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays, we demonstrate that AR-V7 associates with GR following androgen blockade in both the VCaP cell line and the CWR-22RV1 cell line, two models of prostate cancer that express endogenous AR-V7 and GR. Preliminary ChIP-Seq experiments in these cell lines suggest AR-V7 and GR chromatin occupancy at the same genomic sites in a ligand-dependent manner. Taken altogether, this data suggests AR-V7 can utilize GR as an alternative binding partner to initiate heterodimerization and transcriptional activation. Citation Format: Eric Bueter, David Hosfield, Erin McAuley, Phillip Selman, Geoffrey Greene, Suzanne D. Conzen, Russell Z. Szmulewitz. The androgen receptor splice variant AR-V7 associates with the glucocorticoid receptor following androgen blockade [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1016.
Factors affecting type of surgical treatment in patients with breast cancer
Authors: M. Garip, M. Gumus, F. Dane, M. Seker, A. Bilici, B. O. Ustaalioglu, T. Salman, B. Sönmez, T. Salepci, M. Yaylaci
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e20633 Background: Many prospective randomized studies have shown that modified radical mastectomy (MRM) and breast conserving surgery (BCS) are equivalent in terms of overall survival. Patients’ social and cultural features and clinicopathological characteristics of the tumors generally influence the decision of selecting surgical type. Here, we aimed to evaluate the variables that affect the type of surgical resection in our patients’ population. Methods: One hundred patients undergone breast surgery with the diagnosis of breast cancer from December 2007 to March 2008 were included in the study. After detailed history taking and physical examination, all patients were given questionnaire evaluating sociodemographical data and parameters influencing their decision in choosing type of breast surgery. Results: Overall, 100 patients (80 MRM, 20 BCS) were evaluated in this study. Age was statistically significant predictive indicator in choosing BCS (p: 0.025). Nulliparous women were more likely to select BCS than multiparous (p:0,004). Patients who have the experience of breastfeeding less likely preferred BCS (p: 0.007). Having taken second opinion from a different breast surgeon about type of surgery during evaluation made patients select more BCS (p: 0.023). Although not statistically significant patients who had family history of breast cancer had selected MRM more than BCS (p: 0.088). Marital status, life assurance, age at first birth, and education status were not associated with the decision of selecting type of surgery. Conclusions: We concluded that cosmetic concern and risk of relapse affect the decision of surgical type in breast cancer patients. Broader efforts should be made to inform our patients about the results of BCS. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Genetic predisposition to increased serum calcium, bone mineral density, and fracture risk in individuals with normal calcium levels: mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Agustin Cerani, Sirui Zhou, Vincenzo Forgetta, John A Morris, Katerina Trajanoska, Fernando Rivadeneira, Susanna C Larsson, Karl Michaëlsson, J Brent Richards
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Abstract Objective To determine if genetically increased serum calcium levels are associated with improved bone mineral density and a reduction in osteoporotic fractures. Design Mendelian randomisation study. Setting Cohorts used included: the UK Biobank cohort, providing genotypic and estimated bone mineral density data; 25 cohorts from UK, USA, Europe, and China, providing genotypic and fracture data; and 17 cohorts from Europe, providing genotypic and serum calcium data (summary level statistics). Participants A genome-wide association meta-analysis of serum calcium levels in up to 61 079 individuals was used to identify genetic determinants of serum calcium levels. The UK Biobank study was used to assess the association of genetic predisposition to increased serum calcium with estimated bone mineral density derived from heel ultrasound in 426 824 individuals who had, on average, calcium levels in the normal range. A fracture genome-wide association meta-analysis comprising 24 cohorts and the UK Biobank including a total of 76 549 cases and 470 164 controls, who, on average, also had calcium levels in the normal range was then performed. Results A standard deviation increase in genetically derived serum calcium (0.13 mmol/L or 0.51 mg/dL) was not associated with increased estimated bone mineral density (0.003 g/cm 2 , 95% confidence interval −0.059 to 0.066; P=0.92) or a reduced risk of fractures (odds ratio 1.01, 95% confidence interval 0.89 to 1.15; P=0.85) in inverse-variance weighted mendelian randomisation analyses. Sensitivity analyses did not provide evidence of pleiotropic effects. Conclusions Genetic predisposition to increased serum calcium levels in individuals with normal calcium levels is not associated with an increase in estimated bone mineral density and does not provide clinically relevant protection against fracture. Whether such predisposition mimics the effect of short term calcium supplementation is not known. Given that the same genetically derived increase in serum calcium is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease, widespread calcium supplementation in the general population could provide more risk than benefit.
Surgery as primary treatment for limited disease small cell lung cancer: Time to re-evaluate
Authors: E. Lim, P. Goldstraw
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

7719 Background: Chemoradiation is considered the gold standard for the management of limited disease (LD) small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Surgery has been abandoned due to poor overall survival, but many small series report good results with selected extremely limited disease (in one study without adjuvant treatment). Controversy remains if and when surgery should be considered as a primary modality. We sought to determine the survival and impact of pathologic staging in patients after complete resection of SCLC and the prognostic impact of pathologic stage. Methods: A retrospective review was undertaken of patients who underwent surgery between 1980 and 2003. Patients were staged according to the 6 th UICC revision, actuarial survival estimated with Kaplan Meier methods and comparisons were undertaken using Cox regression. Results: We identified 51 patients who underwent complete resection with systematic nodal dissection for SCLC. The mean age (SD) was 61 (11) years and 37 (73%) were men. Complete staging information was available in 47, listed by stage with IA (n=6), IB (n=10), IIA (n=5), IIB (n=15), IIIA (n=10), IIIB (n=1). The median time to follow up (1st to 3 rd quartile) was 4.5 (1.3 to 11.9) years with an overall survival (95% CI) at 1 and 5 years of 82% (72, 93) and 61% (48, 76). There were no clear differences in the outcome of patients in T categories 1 and 2 (P=0.411) with good overall results in patients across the spectrum of nodal disease from N0 to N2 (P=0.281). Conclusions: This study shows excellent survival for stage I to III patients who underwent lung resection with complete nodal resection for SCLC. These results, in an era of improved pre-operative and intra-operative staging, suggests that TNM staging is relevant in extremely limited disease SCLC and suggest that the role of surgery in such cases should be re- evaluated. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Ablative fractional laser resurfacing for treatment of sclerosis and contractures in chronic graft-versus-host disease: A pilot study
Authors: Robert G. Micheletti, Peter B. Chansky, Paul L. Haun, John T. Seykora, Jennifer Dekerlegand, Laith R. Sultan, Susan M. Schultz, Chandra M. Sehgal, Joseph F. Sobanko
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2019)