tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for Use of Hepatitis A Vaccine for Persons Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Mona Doshani, Mark Weng, Kelly L. Moore, José R. Romero, Noele P. Nelson
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2019)

Hepatitis A (HepA) vaccination is recommended routinely for children at age 12-23 months, for persons who are at increased risk for hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, and for any person wishing to obtain immunity. Persons at increased risk for HAV infection include international travelers to areas with high or intermediate hepatitis A endemicity, men who have sex with men, users of injection and noninjection drugs, persons with chronic liver disease, person with clotting factor disorders, persons who work with HAV-infected primates or with HAV in a research laboratory setting, and persons who anticipate close contact with an international adoptee from a country of high or interme-diate endemicity (1-3). Persons experiencing homelessness are also at higher risk for HAV infection and severe infection-associated outcomes. On October 24, 2018, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)* recommended that all persons aged 1 year and older experiencing homelessness be routinely immunized against HAV. The ACIP Hepatitis Vaccines Work Group conducted a systematic review of the evidence for administering vaccine to persons experiencing homelessness, which included a set of criteria assessing the benefits and adverse events associated with vaccination. HepA vaccines are highly immunogenic, and >95% of immunocompetent adults develop protective antibody within 4 weeks of receipt of 1 dose of the vaccine (1). HAV infections are acquired primarily by the fecal-oral route by either person-to-person transmission or via ingestion of contaminated food or water. Among persons experiencing homelessness, effective implementation of alternative strategies to prevent exposure to HAV, such as strict hand hygiene, is difficult because of living conditions among persons in this population. Integrating routine HepA vaccination into health care services for persons experiencing homelessness can reduce the size of the at-risk population over time and thereby reduce the risk for large-scale outbreaks.
Gut Microbiome Composition Prior to Sensitization Predicts Reaction Severity in Peanut Allergic Mice
Authors: Andrew L. Hinton, Johanna Smeekens, Kelly A. Orgel, Darla R. Miller, Jeff Roach, Andrea Azcarate-Peril, Fernando Pardo-Manuel de Villena, Peter J. Mucha, A. Wesley Burks, Michael D. Kulis, Martin T. Ferris
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
A Novel Approach to Identifying Septic Shock (SS) in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Using Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) Data: Methods Validation and Incidence Estimation in a National Cohort
Authors: Viviane C. Cahen, Yimei Li, Evanette Burrows, Caitlin W Elgarten, Amanda M. DiNofia, Jennifer J. Wilkes, Lena E. Winestone, Yuan-Shung V. Huang, Julie C Fitzgerald, M. Monica Gramatges, Karen R. Rabin, Brian T. Fisher, Kelly D Getz, Richard Aplenc, Alix E. Seif
Journal: Blood (2018)
Clinical Utility of Multi‐Energy Spectral Photon‐Counting Computed Tomography in Crystal Arthritis
Authors: Lisa K. Stamp, Nigel G. Anderson, Fabio Becce, Maya Rajeswari, Matthew Polson, Olivier Guyen, Anais Viry, Chloe Choi, Tracy E. Kirkbride, Aamir Y. Raja
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2019)

Objective To determine whether novel multi‐energy spectral photon‐counting computed tomography ( SPCCT ) imaging can detect and differentiate between monosodium urate ( MSU ), calcium pyrophosphate ( CPP ), and hydroxyapatite ( HA ) crystal deposits ex vivo. Methods A finger with a subcutaneous gouty tophus and a calcified knee meniscus excised at the time of surgery were obtained. The finger was imaged using plain x‐ray, dual‐energy CT ( DECT ), and multi‐energy SPCCT . Plain x‐ray and multi‐energy SPCCT images of the meniscus were acquired. For validation purposes, samples of the crystals were obtained from the tophus and meniscus, and examined by polarized light microscopy and/or x‐ray diffraction. As further validation, synthetic crystal suspensions of MSU , CPP , and HA were scanned using multi‐energy SPCCT . Results Plain x‐ray of the gouty finger revealed bone erosions with overhanging edges. DECT and multi‐energy SPCCT both showed MSU crystal deposits; SPCCT was able to show finer detail. Plain x‐ray of the calcified meniscus showed chondrocalcinosis consistent with CPP , while SPCCT showed and differentiated CPP and HA . Conclusion Multi‐energy SPCCT can not only detect, differentiate, and quantify MSU crystal deposits in a gouty finger ex vivo, but also specifically detect, identify, and quantify CPP within an osteoarthritic meniscus, and distinguish them from HA crystal deposits. There is potential for multi‐energy SPCCT to become useful in the diagnosis of crystal arthropathies.
Pharmacodynamical Modeling of Two-Way Synergistic Effect for High-Throughput Drug Combination Screening in an Ex Vivo Reconstruction of Bone Marrow Using Primary Multiple Myeloma Cells
Authors: Praneeth Reddy Sudalagunta, Rafael Renatino Canevarolo, Maria D Coelho Siqueira Silva, Mark B. Meads, Alex Tungesvik, Gabriel De Avila, Kenneth H. Shain, Ariosto Siqueira Silva
Journal: Blood (2018)
“It’s Cancer”—The Malady of All Emperors
Authors: Brent W. Beasley
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Endovascular Versus Open Repair of Intact Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Peter Chiu, Andrew B. Goldstone, Justin M. Schaffer, Bharathi Lingala, D. Craig Miller, R. Scott Mitchell, Y. Joseph Woo, Michael P. Fischbein, Michael D. Dake
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Metabolomic Profile in Patients with Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: Iara Baldim Rabelo, Akemi Kuroda Chiba, Elyse Moritz, Melca Oliveira Barros, Ismael Dale Cotrim Guerreiro Silva, Jose Orlando Bordin, Maria de Lourdes Chauffaille, Mihoko Yamamoto, Celso Arrais
Journal: Blood (2018)
Lung metastasis as predictor for prognosis in metastatic colorectal cancer with mutated KRAS.
Authors: Ben Boursi, Einat shacham-Shmueli, Yaacov Richard Lawrence, Yu-Xiao Yang, Kim Anna Reiss, Talia Golan, Raashi Mamtani, Naama Halpern, Dan Aderka, Bruce Giantonio, Ofer Margalit
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

636 Background: Previous studies have shown that prognosis in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) may vary according to sites of metastasis. We evaluated prognosis in individuals with single site metastasis, according to several clinical and genetic variables. Methods: Using the National Cancer Database we identified 58,044 mCRC patients with a synchronous single site of metastasis. We first examined the effect of metastasis site on prognosis. In a secondary analysis, among individuals who had not undergone surgery or received radiotherapy, we examined the prognostic value of chemotherapy intensity, KRAS status, primary tumor location and CEA levels. Results: Individuals with lung metastasis had the best prognosis (HR = 0.80, 0.77-0.83), followed by those with liver metastasis (HR = 1.11, 1.07-1.15), while those with bone or brain metastasis had the worse prognosis. In a subgroup analysis, we assessed prognosis among individuals who received multi-agent chemotherapy and had not undergone surgery or received radiotherapy. Individuals with lung metastasis and mutant KRAS had better prognosis compared with those with liver metastasis, (HR = 0.69, 0.54-0.88), regardless of primary tumor location or CEA levels. Conclusions: Single site metastasis to the lungs is associated with better prognosis in mCRC, specifically among KRAS mutant tumors. This survival advantage should be taken into consideration in clinical decision-making.
Association between primary tumor site, perioperative CEA ratio, and overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer.
Authors: Thomas A Odeny, Nicole Farha, Wilfred Vazquez, Amna Batool, Anwaar Saeed, Ravi Kumar Paluri, Anup Kasi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

518 Background: There are differences in the incidence, clinical presentation, molecular pathogenesis and outcome of colorectal cancer (CRC) based on the tumor location. Emerging research suggests that the perioperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ratio is a prognostic factor for CRC patients. We aimed to determine the association between tumor location, perioperative CEA ratio, and 5-year survival among patients with CRC. Methods: We analyzed 111 patients who underwent resection for CRC at KUMC. After excluding patients without pre- or post-operative CEA data, 62 patients for whom we could calculate a CEA ratio (post-op/pre-op CEA) were classified as either high ( ≥ 0.5) or low ( &lt; 0.5) ratio. The primary outcomes were: 1) overall survival (OS) stratified by tumor location; 2) OS stratified by CEA ratio; and 3) whether there was effect modification by tumor location, of the association between perioperative CEA ratio and OS, after adjusting for tumor stage and smoking status. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival rates, and Cox proportional hazards models for multivariate analysis. Results: The median age was 61 years, 54% male, 31% smokers, 74% left-sided tumors, median pre-operative CEA was 3.3, and 60% had CEA ratio ≥ 0.5. The OS rates were 89.1% and 81.3% in patients with left-sided versus right-sided tumors respectively (p-value = 0.4). The OS rates were 83.8% and 92.0% in patients with high versus low CEA ratios respectively (p-value = 0.3). There was effect modification by tumor location on association between CEA ratio and OS, after adjusting for smoking status and tumor stage (p-value &lt; 0.001). However, in the stratified analysis, the n was too small to permit inferential analysis. In multivariate analysis, both tumor location (HR 0.4; p = 0.3) and perioperative CEA ratio (HR 2.7; p = 0.3) were not significantly associated with OS after adjusting for smoking status and tumor stage. Conclusions: There was no difference in OS between left versus right-sided tumors. The association between perioperative CEA ratio and OS was significantly modified by tumor location. However, to attribute this modification to left versus right warrants validation in a larger cohort as our sample size was limited.
R-CHOP with or without Lenalidomide/Bortezomib As a First Line Treatment for Patients with Non-Germinal Center Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Subtype: Son Espases University Hospital Experience
Authors: Sara Aida Jiménez-Julià, Leyre Bento, Adriana Marcela Quintero, Marta Garcia Recio, Jordi Martínez-Serra, Francesc Mestre, Lucia García, Sandra Pérez, Gaspar Aspas, Paloma López Perezagua, Jaume Daumal, Rafael Ramos, Antonia Sampol, Antonio Gutiérrez
Journal: Blood (2018)
Probiotic Safety—Reasonable Certainty of No Harm
Authors: Michael D. Cabana, Seppo Salminen, Mary Ellen Sanders
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

To the Editor The Viewpoint by Cohen1 that was recently published in JAMA Internal Medicine dismisses a diligent approach to probiotic safety assessment undertaken by regulatory authorities, as well as the long history of safe use of probiotics in foods.
Renal function stratified dose comparisons of eplerenone versus placebo in the EMPHASIS‐HF trial
Authors: João Pedro Ferreira, Paula Abreu, John J.V. McMurray, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Karl Swedberg, Stuart J. Pocock, John Vincent, Katharina Lins, Patrick Rossignol, Bertram Pitt, Faiez Zannad
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2019)
Clustering Analysis of Myeloma Clone Phenotype Is Informative for Disease Heterogeneity and Prognosis at Relapse
Authors: Syeda Maheen Ahsan, Elisabet Nadal-Melsio, Mark E Robinson, Richard Syzdlo, Eva Yebra-Fernandez, Holger W Auner, Maria Atta, Marco Bua, Farah O'Boyle, Kikkeri Naresh, Jane Apperley, Anastasios Karadimitris, Aristeidis Chaidos
Journal: Blood (2018)
Considerations in Prehabilitation for Esophagogastric Cancer Surgery
Authors: Ian Jun Yan Wee
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Review of David Alfandre, ed.,<i>Against-Medical-Advice Discharges From the Hospital: Optimizing Prevention and Management to Promote High Quality, Patient-Centered Care</i>
Authors: Haavi Morreim
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2019)

Patients who leave the hospital prior to their medically recommended endpoint (i.e., a discharge against medical advice, or “AMA”) typically prompt considerable consternation among physicians and o...
Abstract 13611: Adherence to Non-VKA Oral Anticoagulant Medications Based on the Pharmacy Quality Alliance Measure
Authors: Colleen McHorney, Concetta Crivera, François Laliberté, Winnie W Nelson, Guillaume Germain, Brahim K Bookhart, Silas Martin, Jeffrey Schein, Patrick Lefebvre, Steven Deitelzweig
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: CMS Star Ratings help inform beneficiaries about the performance of health and drug plans. Medication adherence and other pharmacy measures are currently weighted at nearly half of a Part D plan’s Star Ratings. Two, 3, 4 and 5 Star Ratings are based on achievement of adherence threshold levels (e.g. 74%, 79%, 82%, and 85% for oral diabetes medications). Including the adherence to non-VKA oral anticoagulant (NOACs) as a measure in the Star Ratings program may increase a plan’s incentives to improve patient adherence. Objective: To assess the adherence to medication of patients who used the NOACs rivaroxaban, dabigatran, or apixaban in 2014 based on the Pharmacy Quality Alliance (PQA) adherence measure. Methods: Healthcare claims from the Humana database between 07/2013 and 12/2014 were analyzed. Adult patients with ≥2 dispensings of NOAC agents in 2014, at least 180 days apart between two NOAC dispensings in 2014 (a criterion to include chronic users), with &gt;60 days of supply, and ≥180 days of continuous enrollment prior to the index NOAC were identified. PQA measure was calculated as the percentage of patients who had a proportion of days covered (PDC) ≥80%. PQA measure was compared between rivaroxaban and each of the other two groups using chi squared tests. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were also conducted adjusting for baseline confounders. Results: A total of 11,095 rivaroxaban, 6,548 dabigatran, and 3,532 apixaban users were identified. Based on the PQA adherence measure (PDC ≥0.8), a significantly higher proportion of rivaroxaban users (72.7%) was found to be adherent compared to dabigatran (67.2%: p&lt;.001) and apixaban (69.5%: p&lt;.001) users. Compared to apixaban users, the adjusted likelihood of being adherent was significantly higher for rivaroxaban users (unadjusted OR: 1.17, p-value&lt;.001; adjusted OR: 1.20, p-value&lt;.001), and significantly lower for dabigatran users (unadjusted OR: 0.90, p-value=0.019; adjusted OR: 0.85, p-value&lt;.001). Conclusion: Using the PQA’s adherence measure, rivaroxaban users were found to have a significantly higher adherence compared to apixaban and dabigatran users. Healthcare providers should consider the impact of anticoagulation selection on their ability to achieve quality metrics.
Verdict: Stage Four
Authors: Aden Ross
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Age-related B Cell Inflammatory Changes in Nasal Polyps
Authors: Ara Jo, James E. Norton, Lydia A. Suh, Roderick G. Carter, David B. Conley, Robert C. Kern, Bruce K. Tan, Anju T. Peters, Leslie C. Grammer, Robert P. Schleimer, Richard F. Lockey, Seong Ho Cho
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
The fire burns within: Individual motivations for self-sacrifice
Authors: Rima-Maria Rahal
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2018)

Abstract Extreme self-sacrifice in intergroup conflict may be driven not only by situational factors generating “fusion,” but also by interindividual differences. Social value orientation is discussed as a potential contributor to self-harming behavior outside of intergroup conflicts and to the general propensity to participate in intergroup conflict. Social value orientation may therefore also be a person-specific determinant of extreme self-sacrifice in intergroup conflict.
Elevated Plasma Ceramides Are Associated With Antiretroviral Therapy Use and Progression of Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis in HIV Infection
Authors: Wei Zhao, Xueyin Wang, Amy A. Deik, David B. Hanna, Tao Wang, Sabina A. Haberlen, Sanjiv J. Shah, Jason M. Lazar, Howard N. Hodis, Alan L. Landay, Bing Yu, Deborah Gustafson, Kathryn Anastos, Wendy S. Post, Clary B. Clish, Robert C. Kaplan, Qibin Qi
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Ceramides have been implicated in the pathophysiology of HIV infection and cardiovascular disease. However, no study, to our knowledge, has evaluated circulating ceramide levels in association with subclinical cardiovascular disease risk among HIV-infected individuals. Plasma levels of 4 ceramide species (C16:0, C22:0, C24:0, and C24:1) were measured among 398 women (73% HIV+) and 339 men (68% HIV+) without carotid artery plaques at baseline from the Women's Interagency HIV Study and the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. We examined associations between baseline plasma ceramides and risk of carotid artery plaque formation, assessed by repeated B-mode carotid artery ultrasound imaging over a median 7-year follow-up. Plasma levels of C16:0, C22:0, and C24:1 ceramides were significantly higher in HIV-infected individuals compared with those without HIV infection (all P<0.001), and further analysis indicated that elevated ceramide levels were associated with antiretroviral therapy use, particularly protease inhibitor use, in HIV-infected individuals (all P<0.001). All 4 ceramides were highly correlated with each other ( r=0.70-0.94; all P<0.001) and significantly correlated with total-cholesterol ( r=0.42-0.58; all P<0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( r=0.24-0.42; all P<0.001) levels. Of note, C16:0 and C24:1 ceramides, rather than C22:0 and C24:0 ceramides, were more closely correlated with specific monocyte activation and inflammation markers (eg, r=0.30 between C16:0 ceramide and soluble CD14; P<0.001) and surface markers of CD4+ T-cell activation. A total of 112 participants developed carotid artery plaques over 7 years, and higher levels of C16:0 and C24:1 ceramides were significantly associated with increased risk of carotid artery plaques (relative risk [95% CI]=1.55 [1.29, 1.86] and 1.51 [1.26, 1.82] per standard deviation increment, respectively; both P<0.001), after adjusting for demographic and behavioral factors. After further adjustment for cardiovascular disease risk factors and immune activation markers, these associations were attenuated but remained significant. The results were consistent between men and women and between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected participants. In 2 HIV cohorts, elevated plasma levels of C16:0 and C24:1 ceramides, correlating with immune activation and inflammation, were associated with antiretroviral therapy use and progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis.