tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Predicting Low Risk for Sustained Alcohol Use After Early Liver Transplant for Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis: The Sustained Alcohol Use Post–Liver Transplant Score
Authors: Brian P. Lee, Eric Vittinghoff, Christine Hsu, Hyosun Han, George Therapondos, Oren K. Fix, David W. Victor, Deepti Dronamraju, Gene Y. Im, Michael D. Voigt, John P. Rice, Michael R. Lucey, Sheila Eswaran, Po‐Hung Chen, Zhiping Li, Haripriya Maddur, Norah A. Terrault
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Early liver transplant (LT) for alcohol-associated disease (i.e., without a specific sobriety period) is controversial but increasingly used. Using the multicenter American Consortium of Early Liver Transplantation for Alcoholic Hepatitis (ACCELERATE-AH) cohort, we aimed to develop a predictive tool to identify patients pretransplant with low risk for sustained alcohol use posttransplant to inform selection of candidates for early LT. We included consecutive ACCELERATE-AH LT recipients between 2012 and 2017. All had clinically diagnosed severe alcoholic hepatitis (AH), no prior diagnosis of liver disease or AH, and underwent LT without a specific sobriety period. Logistic and Cox regression, classification and regression trees (CARTs), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were used to identify variables associated with sustained alcohol use post-LT. Among 134 LT recipients for AH with median period of alcohol abstinence pre-LT of 54 days, 74% were abstinent, 16% had slips only, and 10% had sustained alcohol use after a median 1.6 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.7-2.8) years follow-up post-LT. Four variables were associated with sustained use of alcohol post-LT, forming the Sustained Alcohol Use Post-LT (SALT) score (range: 0-11): >10 drinks per day at initial hospitalization (+4 points), multiple prior rehabilitation attempts (+4 points), prior alcohol-related legal issues (+2 points), and prior illicit substance abuse (+1 point). The C statistic was 0.76 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68-0.83). A SALT score ≥5 had a 25% positive predictive value (95% CI: 10%-47%) and a SALT score of <5 had a 95% negative predictive value (95% CI: 89%-98%) for sustained alcohol use post-LT. In internal cross-validation, the average C statistic was 0.74. Conclusion: A prognostic score, the SALT score, using four objective pretransplant variables identifies candidates with AH for early LT who are at low risk for sustained alcohol use posttransplant. This tool may assist in the selection of patients with AH for early LT or in guiding risk-based interventions post-LT.
Final Study Results of Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Chronic Phase (CML-CP) Patients Receiving Radotinib 300 Mg BID or Imatinib: Rerise 48 Months Follow-up
Authors: Young Rok Do, Jae-Yong Kwak, Hawk Kim, Jeong-A Kim, Hyeoung-Joon Kim, Joon Seong Park, Jooseop Chung, Ho-Jin Shin, Sung-Hyun Kim, Udomsak Bunworasate, Chul Won Choi, Narcisa Sonia Cornejo Comia, Dae Young Zang, Sukjoong Oh, Saengsuree Jootar, Ary Harryanto Reksodiputro, Won-Sik Lee, Yeung-Chul Mun, Jee Hyun Kong, Priscilla B. Caguioa, Jinny Park, Chul W. Jung, Dong-Wook Kim
Journal: Blood (2018)
Self-harm, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Suicide—Reply
Authors: Trine Madsen, Merete Nordentoft, Michael E. Benros
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Solriamfetol for Excessive Sleepiness in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (TONES 3). A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Paula K. Schweitzer, Russell Rosenberg, Gary K. Zammit, Mark Gotfried, Dan Chen, Lawrence P. Carter, Hao Wang, Yuan Lu, Jed Black, Atul Malhotra, Kingman P. Strohl, Adam Blackman, Charles George, Colin Shapiro, Colin Shapiro, Heike Benes, Ingo Fietze, Geert Mayer, Peter Young, Gert Jan Lammers, Mansoor Ahmed, Akinyemi Ajayi, James Andry, Roy Artal, Bijan Bastani, Richard Bogan, Bruce Corser, Christopher Drake, Helene Emsellem, Milton Erman, Neil Feldman, Nancy Foldvary, Mark Gotfried, John Hudson, Lois Krahn, Daniel Lorch, Atul Malhotra, James Maynard, Emmanuel Mignot, Michael Neeb, Joseph Ojile, Alvin Thomas Perkins, Russell Rosenberg, Asim Roy, Pradeep Sahota, R. Bart Sangal, Andrew Schreiber, Paula Schweitzer, Ralph Steele, Thomas Stern, Thomas Stern, Sarah Stolz, Kingman Strohl, Todd Swick, Todd J. Swick, Stephen G. Thein, Robert Thomas, Michael Thorpy, Terri Weaver, Kerri Wilks, David Winslow, Paul Wylie, Gary Zammit, Phyllis Zee
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2018)

Primary treatment of obstructive sleep apnea can be accompanied by a persistence of excessive sleepiness despite adherence. Furthermore, effectiveness of sleep apnea treatment is limited by poor adherence. Currently available pharmacologic options for the treatment of sleepiness in this population are limited.
Solid stress in brain tumours causes neuronal loss and neurological dysfunction and can be reversed by lithium
Authors: Giorgio Seano, Hadi T. Nia, Kyrre E. Emblem, Meenal Datta, Jun Ren, Shanmugarajan Krishnan, Jonas Kloepper, Marco C. Pinho, William W. Ho, Mitrajit Ghosh, Vasileios Askoxylakis, Gino B. Ferraro, Lars Riedemann, Elizabeth R. Gerstner, Tracy T. Batchelor, Patrick Y. Wen, Nancy U. Lin, Alan J. Grodzinsky, Dai Fukumura, Peigen Huang, James W. Baish, Timothy P. Padera, Lance L. Munn, Rakesh K. Jain
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2018)
Genome-wide RNAseq study of the molecular mechanisms underlying microglia activation in response to pathological tau perturbation in the rTg4510 tau transgenic animal model
Authors: Hong Wang, Yupeng Li, John W. Ryder, Justin T. Hole, Philip J. Ebert, David C. Airey, Hui-Rong Qian, Benjamin Logsdon, Alice Fisher, Zeshan Ahmed, Tracey K. Murray, Annalisa Cavallini, Suchira Bose, Brian J. Eastwood, David A. Collier, Jeffrey L. Dage, Bradley B. Miller, Kalpana M. Merchant, Michael J. O’Neill, Ronald B. Demattos
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2018)

Activation of microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, is a prominent pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the gene expression changes underlying microglia activation in response to tau pathology remain elusive. Furthermore, it is not clear how murine gene expression changes relate to human gene expression networks. Microglia cells were isolated from rTg4510 tau transgenic mice and gene expression was profiled using RNA sequencing. Four age groups of mice (2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-months) were analyzed to capture longitudinal gene expression changes that correspond to varying levels of pathology, from minimal tau accumulation to massive neuronal loss. Statistical and system biology approaches were used to analyze the genes and pathways that underlie microglia activation. Differentially expressed genes were compared to human brain co-expression networks. Statistical analysis of RNAseq data indicated that more than 4000 genes were differentially expressed in rTg4510 microglia compared to wild type microglia, with the majority of gene expression changes occurring between 2- and 4-months of age. These genes belong to four major clusters based on their temporal expression pattern. Genes involved in innate immunity were continuously up-regulated, whereas genes involved in the glutamatergic synapse were down-regulated. Up-regulated innate inflammatory pathways included NF-κB signaling, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, lysosome, oxidative phosphorylation, and phagosome. NF-κB and cytokine signaling were among the earliest pathways activated, likely driven by the RELA, STAT1 and STAT6 transcription factors. The expression of many AD associated genes such as APOE and TREM2 was also altered in rTg4510 microglia cells. Differentially expressed genes in rTg4510 microglia were enriched in human neurodegenerative disease associated pathways, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases, and highly overlapped with the microglia and endothelial modules of human brain transcriptional co-expression networks. This study revealed temporal transcriptome alterations in microglia cells in response to pathological tau perturbation and provides insight into the molecular changes underlying microglia activation during tau mediated neurodegeneration.
Zoster Sine Herpete
Authors: Bradley E. Borsari
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Ad Libitum18 December 2018Zoster Sine HerpeteBradley E. Borsari, MDBradley E. Borsari, MDSt. Jude Heritage Medical Group, Fullerton, California (B.E.B.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M18-1232 Audio Reading - “Zoster Sine Herpete” Audio. Virginia Hood, MD, reads "Zoster Sine Herpete," by B.E. Borsari. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Columbus told the Arawak Indians if they didnot provide his men fish, maise, and cassavahe would take away the sun.And as totality turned the land dark,just as his almanac predicted,the Arawak begged for light.I warned in a few day vesicles would appearas if I could see into the futureor meddled in black magic.Days passed and the smooth skin rested unblemished.Beneath it an enraged nerve burned like a blue flame.But the rash never came.Like soul mates that never meet,or a prodigy who never finds her instrument—the earth stuck in perpetual darkness from a halted moon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Jude Heritage Medical Group, Fullerton, California (B.E.B.)Current Author Address: Bradley E. Borsari, MD; e-mail, brad.[email protected]org. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Zoster Sine Herpete” Audio. Virginia Hood, MD, reads "Zoster Sine Herpete," by B.E. Borsari. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 December 2018Volume 169, Issue 12Page: 899KeywordsForecastingNervesRashesVesicles ePublished: 18 December 2018 Issue Published: 18 December 2018 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2018 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Growth/differentiation factor 15 causes TGFβ-activated kinase 1-dependent muscle atrophy in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Benjamin E Garfield, Alexi Crosby, Dongmin Shao, Peiran Yang, Cai Read, Steven Sawiak, Stephen Moore, Lisa Parfitt, Carl Harries, Martin Rice, Richard Paul, Mark L Ormiston, Nicholas W Morrell, Michael I Polkey, Stephen John Wort, Paul R Kemp
Journal: Thorax (2018)

Skeletal muscle dysfunction is a clinically important complication of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), a prognostic marker in PAH, has been associated with muscle loss in other conditions. We aimed to define the associations of GDF-15 and muscle wasting in PAH, to assess its utility as a biomarker of muscle loss and to investigate its downstream signalling pathway as a therapeutic target.
TCR-Identical CD8+ T-Cells Can Have Distinct Killing Efficacy Determined By Events Beyond the T-Cell Receptor
Authors: Julie M Glanville, Anne-Marie Moody, Yanchun Peng, Stephan Taylor, Kristin Ladell, Geraldine Gillespie, Godelieve de Bree, Dilair Baban, Guillaume Stewart-Jones, Claire Cullen, Adam J Mead, Emmanuela Repapi, Sarah Rowland-Jones, Alison Simmons, David A Price, Tao Dong, Andrew McMichael
Journal: Blood (2017)
Salmonella Persist in Activated Macrophages in T Cell-Sparse Granulomas but Are Contained by Surrounding CXCR3 Ligand-Positioned Th1 Cells
Authors: Michael F. Goldberg, Elizabeth K. Roeske, Lauren N. Ward, Thomas Pengo, Thamotharampillai Dileepan, Dmitri I. Kotov, Marc K. Jenkins
Journal: Immunity (2018)
Integration of Multiple Bioassays Using Machine Learning to Identify High-Risk CP-CML Patients Treated with Frontline Imatinib
Authors: Chung Hoow Kok, Sakrapee Paisitkriangkrai, David T Yeung, Liu Liu, Verity A Saunders, Phuong Dang, Agnes S. M. Yong, Deborah L White, Timothy P. Hughes
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract P218: Longitudinal Changes in Berry Intake and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Women
Authors: Susanne Rautiainen, Lu Wang, I-Min Lee, Julie E Buring, Howard D Sesso
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: High intake of polyphenols has been linked to a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Berries are high in polyphenols, including anthocyanins, along with other key nutrients. However, few studies have investigated the association between longitudinal changes in berry intake and long-term risk of CVD. The aim of this study was to investigate whether longitudinal changes in berry intake are associated with the risk of major CVD endpoints. Methods: Longitudinal changes in berry intake (sum of blueberries and strawberries) were assessed from two 131-item food-frequency questionnaires (FFQ) completed in 1992-1995 (FFQ1) and 2004 (FFQ2) among 29,598 middle-aged and older women free of CVD from the Women’s Health Study. Women also provided self-reports of a wide range of lifestyle, clinical and dietary factors at both timepoints. For each FFQ, women were categorized into two categories of total berry, blueberry, and strawberry intake: never/rarely and ≥1 time/month. Women were then categorized as having consistent low intake (never/rarely), consistent any intake (≥1 time/month), any increase in intake, and any decrease in intake between FFQ assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate age and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals (CI)). We included age, randomization assignments, smoking status, body mass index, physical activity, hormone replacement therapy, family history of myocardial infarction (MI), hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, fruit and vegetable intake, saturated fatty acid intake, and omega-3 intake as covariates at the FFQ2 assessment. Results: During a mean follow-up of 9.9 years, we identified 851 cases of incident major CVD (MI, stroke, and CVD death). The intakes of total berries at FFQ1 were 23% (never/rarely) and 77% (≥1 time/month). Corresponding intakes at FFQ2 were 15% and 85%, respectively. In multivariable-adjusted models, consistently having any berry intake (HR: 1.00 (0.78-1.28)), any increase (HR: 0.89 (0.66-1.19)), or any decrease (HR: 0.84 (0.60-1.18)) in total berry intake over 10 years were not significantly associated with the risk of major CVD compared to women with consistently having no intake. A similar lack of association was observed for changes in strawberry intake. Increasing blueberry intake was associated with a lower risk of major CVD (HR: 0.83 (0.69-0.99)), whereas consistently having any blueberry intake (HR: 1.09 (0.91-1.29)) and any decrease in blueberry intake (HR: 0.97 (0.75-1.27)) were not associated with CVD. Conclusions: The results from this prospective study of middle-aged and older women initially free of CVD suggest that increasing blueberry intake over time may lower the risk of subsequent CVD.
CAR-modified natural killer cell line expressing CD47/SIRPa blockers as a combined approach for solid cancer therapy
Authors: A. Chikaev, A. Gorchakov, S. Kulemzin, T. Belovezhets, D. Matvienko, O. Volkova, A. Taranin
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)

Background: Despite the immense potential of CAR-T cell therapy, there are several drawbacks that limit its scope, including high manufacturing costs, on-target off-tumor toxicities, induction of cytokine release syndrome, and poor efficacy against solid tumors. In order to overcome these limitations, alternative cellular platforms could be used as carriers of CARs. Here, we modified NK cell lines to express chimeric antigen receptors. Additionally, to potentiate the antitumor activity of such CAR-NK cell lines, we co-transduced them with cassettes encoding soluble CD47/SIRPa-blocking agents. This modification should eliminate the transmission of protective "don't eat me" signal from tumor cells to macrophages thereby enhancing cancer cell phagocytosis. We refer to this universal allogeneic antitumor platform as ECAR-NK. Methods: We designed lentiviral constructs encoding a second-generation CAR and secreted chimeric anti-CD47 chimeric mAb, scFv, as well as the extracellular domain of CD47. NK cell lines were cotransduced with the constructs coding the CAR and one of the CD47/SIRPa blockers. Transduction efficiency was assessed by flow cytometry. In vitro cytotoxic activity of ECAR-NKs against target cells was measured by FACS and using iCelligence cell viability monitoring system. To assess the effect of CD47/SIRPa blockade on the phagocytic activity, in vitro phagocytosis assay was performed. Results: ECAR-NK cells obtained demonstrate pronounced cytotoxicity in vitro against NK-resistant target cells. We show that ECAR-NKs produce both soluble CD47-specific scFv and chimeric mAb which were able to significantly increase phagocytic activity of macrophages in vitro. Analysis of in vivo activity of ECAR-NK cells in NOD/SCID mice bearing xenografts is in progress. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that NK cell lines may serve as a promising platform for developing allogeneic CAR-NK cell products. We believe that coaction of CD47/SIRPa blocking and CAR-mediated cytotoxicity should result in enhanced antitumor activity and help mitigate the issue of antigen escape. Supported by the RSF grant #16-14-10237. Legal entity responsible for the study: Russian Ministry of Science. Funding: Russian Science Foundation. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the management of hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa) 2018
Authors: J.R. Ingram, F. Collier, D. Brown, T. Burton, J. Burton, M.F. Chin, N. Desai, T.E.E. Goodacre, V. Piguet, A.E. Pink, L.S. Exton, M.F. Mohd Mustapa, N.J. Levell, P.M. McHenry, T.A. Leslie, S. Wakelin, R.Y.P. Hunasehally, M. Cork, G.A. Johnston, F.S. Worsnop, P. Rakvit, A. Salim, B. McDonald, D. Buckley, S.L. Chua, G. Petrof, N. Callachand, T. Flavell, A.A. Salad
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Linked Comment:Jemec. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:975. Plain language summary available online
New insights into the role of TREM2 in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Maud Gratuze, Cheryl E. G. Leyns, David M. Holtzman
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2018)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia. The two histopathological markers of AD are amyloid plaques composed of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide, and neurofibrillary tangles of aggregated, abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau protein. The majority of AD cases are late-onset, after the age of 65, where a clear cause is still unknown. However, there are likely different multifactorial contributors including age, enviornment, biology and genetics which can increase risk for the disease. Genetic predisposition is considerable, with heritability estimates of 60-80%. Genetic factors such as rare variants of TREM2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2) strongly increase the risk of developing AD, confirming the role of microglia in AD pathogenesis. In the last 5 years, several studies have dissected the mechanisms by which TREM2, as well as its rare variants affect amyloid and tau pathologies and their consequences in both animal models and in human studies. In this review, we summarize increases in our understanding of the involvement of TREM2 and microglia in AD development that may open new therapeutic strategies targeting the immune system to influence AD pathogenesis.
Everyone with type 1 diabetes should have access to a flash glucose device
Authors: Mary Charlton
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Would you drive a car without a speedometer? With a fuel gauge visible only infrequently and after it had pricked you? That is what we expect of insulin users who monitor their diabetes with finger prick blood glucose testing.1 Alternatives such as the FreeStyle Libre flash glucose monitoring system are now available but rationed by the NHS without regard to patient choice or common …
Abstract 18020: Identifying Hospitalizations Related to Heart Failure in Dronedarone Users Who Are Supplementary Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Chuntao Wu, Andrew Koren, Jane Thammakhoune, Jasmanda Wu, Hayet Kechemir, Stephanie Tcherny-Lessenot, Stephen Lin, Juhaeri Juhaeri
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: When using inpatient claims data to identify hospitalizations in supplemental Medicare beneficiaries, e.g., in the MarketScan database, there is a concern that the coverage of hospitalizations in such inpatient claims may be incomplete. However, whether hospitalizations are covered by inpatient claims or not, they incur professional charges that are recorded in the professional claims data in the MarketScan Medicare database. In the context of identifying hospitalizations that might be related to heart failure (HF) in dronedarone users, we compared different approaches to identify such hospitalizations. Objective: To assess the impact of using professional claims in addition to inpatient claims on identifying hospitalizations that might be related to HF. Methods: A total of 20,834 dronedarone users who were supplemental Medicare beneficiaries between July 2009 (launch date in US) and December 2012 were identified in the MarketScan database. The hospitalizations that might be related to HF within 30 days prior to initiating dronedarone were identified by searching (1) inpatient claims and (2) both inpatient and professional claims using related ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes for HF and Current Procedural Terminology codes for hospitalizations. Results: A total of 1,162 patients who had HF hospitalizations within 30 days prior to initiating dronedarone were identified by searching inpatient claims between July 2009 and December 2012. Supplementing with professional claims identified an additional 177 patients who had HF hospitalizations, increasing the total number to 1,339. Therefore, 13.2% (177/1,399) of the patients who had HF hospitalizations could only be identified in professional claims. Thus, the prevalence of hospitalizations that might be related to HF within 30 days prior to initiating dronedarone was 5.6% (1,162/20,834; 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.3 - 5.9%) when hospitalizations were identified using inpatient claims alone. Adding professional claims in the search algorithm, the prevalence of HF hospitalizations was 6.4% (1,339/20,834, 95% CI: 6.1 - 6.8%). Conclusions: Using professional claims, in addition to inpatient claims, can improve the identification of hospitalizations that might be related to HF.