tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Complementary roles of MRI and endoscopic examination in the early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: A.D. King, J.K.S. Woo, Q.Y. Ai, J.S.M. Chan, W.K.J. Lam, I.O.L. Tse, K.S. Bhatia, B.C.Y. Zee, E.P. Hui, B.B.Y. Ma, R.W.K. Chiu, A.C. van Hasselt, A.T.C. Chan, Y.M.D. Lo, K.C.A. Chan
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) evades detection when the primary tumor is hidden from view on endoscopic examination. Therefore, in a prospective study of subjects being screened for NPC using plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA, we conducted a study to investigate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could detect endoscopically occult NPC.Participants with persistently positive EBV DNA underwent endoscopic examination and biopsy when suspicious for NPC, followed by MRI blinded to the endoscopic findings. Participants with a negative endoscopic examination and positive MRI were recalled for biopsy or surveillance. Diagnostic performance was assessed by calculating sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, based on the histologic confirmation of NPC in the initial study or in a follow-up period of at least two years.Endoscopic examination and MRI were performed on 275 participants, 34 had NPC, 2 had other cancers and 239 without cancer were followed-up for a median of 36 months (24-60 months). Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 76.5%, 97.5% and 94.9%, respectively, for endoscopic examination and 91.2%, 97.5% and 96.7%, respectively, for MRI. NPC was detected only by endoscopic examination in 1/34 (2.9%) participants (a participant with stage I disease), and only by MRI in 6/34 (17.6%) participants (stage I = 4, II = 1, III = 1), two of whom had stage I disease and follow-up showing slow growth on MRI but no change on endoscopic examination for 36 months.MRI has a complementary role to play in NPC detection and can enable the earlier detection of endoscopically occult NPC.
Mitochondrial biogenesis induced by the β2-adrenergic receptor agonist formoterol accelerates podocyte recovery from glomerular injury
Authors: Ehtesham Arif, Ashish K. Solanki, Pankaj Srivastava, Bushra Rahman, Wayne R. Fitzgibbon, Peifeng Deng, Milos N. Budisavljevic, Catalin F. Baicu, Michael R. Zile, Judit Megyesi, Michael G. Janech, Sang-Ho Kwon, Justin Collier, Rick G. Schnellmann, Deepak Nihalani
Journal: Kidney International (2019)
Abstract P5-07-15: Adipose-derived peptides from breast cancer patients promote the malignancy of breast cancer MCF-7 cells
Authors: Z Fu, W Li, H Wu, X Huang, J Li, C Sun, J Tang, Y Yin
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Adipose stromal/stem cells (ADSCs) could regulate malignancy behaviors of breast cancer, which was due to adipose-derived cytokines in part, such as leptin and resistin. Recently, peptides have been demonstrated to be potential targets for cancer therapy. It's valuable to analyze the characters of adipose-secreted peptides systematically. In this study, we isolated primary adipocytes from adipose tissue adjacent to breast tumor and breast benign lesions respectively, and then co-cultured breast cancer cells MCF-7 with tumor adjacent adipocytes (TAAs)/breast benign adipocytes (BBAs) separately. Compared to BBAs, TAAs could promote proliferation and migration ability of MCF-7. Then we extracted and purified peptides from supernatant of TAAs and BBAs using ultrafiltration, and the effects of TAAs-derived peptides compound on breast cancer cells appeared accordance with the adipose cells. 100 peptides, which were derived from 90 protein precursors, were found to be differentially secreted between TAAs and BBAs by LC-MS/MS (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Gene Ontology (GO) and Pathway analyses appeared that these altered peptides were mainly contributed to cell adhesion, and regulation of Ras-protein signal transduction. These results showed that these differentially secreted peptides could regulate breast cancer cell malignancy, which indicated that they could be potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic bio-marker for breast cancer. Citation Format: Fu Z, Li W, Wu H, Huang X, Li J, Sun C, Tang J, Yin Y. Adipose-derived peptides from breast cancer patients promote the malignancy of breast cancer MCF-7 cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-07-15.
Stereotactic radiosurgery combined with nivolumab or Ipilimumab for patients with melanoma brain metastases: evaluation of brain control and toxicity
Authors: Giuseppe Minniti, Dimitri Anzellini, Chiara Reverberi, Gian Carlo Antonini Cappellini, Luca Marchetti, Federico Bianciardi, Alessandro Bozzao, Mattia Osti, Pier Carlo Gentile, Vincenzo Esposito
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2019)

<h3>Purpose</h3> To investigate the efficacy and safety of concurrent stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and ipilimumab or nivolumab in patients with untreated melanoma brain metastases. <h3>Patients and Methods</h3> Eighty consecutive patients with 326 melanoma brain metastases receiving SRS in combination with ipilimumab or nivolumab were identified from an institutional database and retrospectively evaluated. Patients started systemic treatment with intravenous nivolumab or ipilimumab within one week of receiving SRS. Nivolumab was given at doses of 3 mg/kg every two weeks. Ipilimumab was administered up to four doses of 10 mg/kg, one every 3 weeks, then patients had a maintenance dose of 10 mg/kg every 12 weeks, until disease progression or inacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoint of the study was intracranial progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints were extracranial PFS, overall survival (OS), and neurological toxicity. <h3>Results</h3> Eighty patients were analyzed. Forty-five patients received SRS and ipilimumab, and 35 patients received SRS and nivolumab. With a median follow-up of 15 months, the 6-month and 12-month intracranial PFS rates were 69% (95%CI,54–87%) and 42% (95%CI,24–65%) for patients receiving SRS and nivolumab and 48% (95%CI,34–64%) and 17% (95%CI,5–31%) for those treated with SRS and ipilimumab (p = 0.02), respectively. Extracranial PFS and OS were 37 and 78% in SRS and nivolumab group, respectively, and 17 and 68% in SRS and ipilimumab group, respectively, at 12 months. Sub-group analysis showed significantly better intracranial PFS for patients receiving multi-fraction SRS (3 × 9 Gy) compared to single-fraction SRS (70% versus 46% at 6 months, <i>p</i>&nbsp;= 0.01), especially in combination with nivolumab. Grade 3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 11 (24%) patients treated with SRS and ipilimumab and 6 (17%) patients who received SRS and nivolumab. Radiation-induced brain necrosis (RN) occurred in 15% of patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Concurrent SRS and ipilimumab or nivolumab show meaningful intracranial activity in patients with either asymptomatic and symptomatic melanoma brain metastases, although a subset of patients may develop symptomatic RN. The combination of nivolumab with SRS is associated with better intracranial control.
Systemic administration of human mesenchymal stromal cells infected with polymer-coated oncolytic adenovirus induces efficient pancreatic tumor homing and infiltration
Authors: Youjin Na, Joung-Pyo Nam, JinWoo Hong, Eonju Oh, Ha Cheol Shin, Hyun Soo Kim, Sung Wan Kim, Chae-Ok Yun
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2019)
Age-Associated Risk of 90-Day Postoperative Mortality After Cytoreductive Surgery for Advanced Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Alexander Melamed, Alexandra S. Bercow, Katherine Bunnell, J. Alejandro Rauh-Hain, Jason D. Wright, Laurel W. Rice, Marcela G. del Carmen
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

90.3] pg/mL at 6 months; P = .003)and 46% (mean [SEM], 5.7 [0.7] pg/mL at baseline and 3.1 [0.3] pg/mL at 6 months; P < .001),respectively, at 6 months and then plateaued (Figure, B and C).The HOMA-IR decreased by 67% at 6 months (mean [SEM], 9.3 [1.5] at baseline and 3.1 [0.7] at 6 months; P < .001)and plateaued, despite continued decrease in BMI (mean [SEM], 1.9 [0.2]; P = .14).The magnitude of change in irisin from baseline to 6 months was associated with BMI change (r = -0.642;P = .04).Using cluster analysis, when participants were divided into 2 groups based on the change in irisin, those with greater change experienced a greater decrease in BMI at 6 months.The Δ change in irisin from baseline to 12 months was associated with changes in IL-6 (r = 0.674, P = .01).The change in myostatin from baseline to 6 months or 12 months was not associated with changes in BMI, HOMA-IR, irisin, or IL-6.Discussion | Our study provides, for the first time to our knowledge, evidence of an association between myokines and bariatric surgery in youths with severe obesity.The changes in irisin and myostatin suggest that the postsurgical improvements in cardiometabolic health may be associated, partly, with these novel muscle-derived mediators.Increase in irisin may suggest induction of fat browning and combustion. 1 The postsurgical decrease in myostatin may reflect a counteractive adaptation to preserve muscle mass. 3Identification of 2 distinct groups of participants with varying magnitudes of changes in irisin and myostatin using cluster analysis, despite the small sample size, is intriguing and may suggest potential heterogeneity in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass response.This needs further validation in larger samples.Studies in adults are sparse and contradictory, with levels of irisin decreasing after bariatric surgery in 1 study and remaining unchanged in another. 4,5It remains unclear whether the postsurgical changes in myokines are secondary to weight loss or owing to the bariatric surgery itself.Postsurgical decrease in myostatin we found is similar to that in adults. 6 Limitations of the study include small sample size, inclusion of only female youths, and lack of racial/ethnic diversity, DXA-derived body composition, and values of the myokines in healthy control individuals.This study implicates myokines in the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery, but further validation in diverse cohorts is warranted.Modulation of signaling pathways of the myokines may have a potential role in the treatment of severe obesity and cardiometabolic disease.
Abstract P1-16-06: Improved survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer in routine care is restricted to tumors with positive hormone receptor and/or Her2-expression. Survival analysis of 1,321 patients treated between 1995 and 2017 in oncology group practices
Authors: R Weide, B Rendenbach, H-P Laubenstein, U Braun, K Hünermund, O Burkhard, P Ehscheidt, S Feiten, G Chakupurakal, V Friesenhahn, K Kleboth, H Köppler, J Lutschkin, J Thomalla, C van Roye, J Heymanns
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Introduction: 18,000 women die due to metastatic breast cancer in Germany per year. Median survival is 20–28 months after diagnosis. The question we wanted to answer was whether survival has improved in routine care? Methods: Retrospective analysis of all patients with metastatic breast cancer who were treated between 06/1995-12/2017 in 5 community-based oncology group practices in Germany. Results: 1,321 patients were analyzed with a median age of 62 (23–100). Localizations of metastases were distributed as follows: 49% visceral, 33% bone, 6% CNS, 12% others. 79% were hormone-receptor-positive, 20% Her2-positive, 9% triple-negative. Median overall survival was 37 months (95% Confidence Interval: 34–40), survival probability after 5 years 32.5%. Survival was significantly correlated with localizations of metastases, number of metastasized organs, disease free survival since initial diagnosis, hormone- and Her2-receptor status and age. Patients with hormone-receptor-positive tumors had a median overall survival of 39 months, Her2-positive patients of 45 months and triple-negative patients of 20 months. 86% of hormone-receptor-positive patients received antihormonal therapy. 81% of Her2-positive patients received anti-Her2 therapy. Overall survival according to treatment period 1995-2000, 2001-2005, 2006-2011, 2012-2017 was 34, 35, 37 and 38 months respectively. OS of patients with hormone-positive tumors according to treatment period was 35, 43, 38, and 42 months respectively. OS of patients with Her2-positive tumors according to treatment period was 39, 29, 51, and 54 months respectively. OS of patients with triple-negative tumors according to treatment period was 7, 11, 16, and 25 months respectively. Conclusions: Improved survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer in routine care is strongly restricted to hormone receptor- and Her2-positive tumors most likely due to improved targeted therapies directed against the estrogen-receptor and Her2. Citation Format: Weide R, Rendenbach B, Laubenstein H-P, Braun U, Hünermund K, Burkhard O, Ehscheidt P, Feiten S, Chakupurakal G, Friesenhahn V, Kleboth K, Köppler H, Lutschkin J, Thomalla J, van Roye C, Heymanns J. Improved survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer in routine care is restricted to tumors with positive hormone receptor and/or Her2-expression. Survival analysis of 1,321 patients treated between 1995 and 2017 in oncology group practices [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-16-06.
Prepregnancy Body Mass Index, Weight Gain During Pregnancy, and Health Outcomes
Authors: Mary M. McDermott, Linda Brubaker
Journal: JAMA (2019)

LifeCycle Project-Maternal Obesity and Childhood Outcomes Study Group; Ellis Voerman, MSc; Susana Santos, PhD; Hazel Inskip, MSc, PhD; Pilar Amiano, PharmD, MSc; Henrique Barros, MD, PhD; Marie-Aline Charles, MD, MPH; Leda Chatzi, MD, PhD; George P. Chrousos, MD, ScD; Eva Corpeleijn, PhD; Sarah Crozier, PhD; Myriam Doyon, MSc; Merete Eggesbø, MD, PhD; Maria Pia Fantini, MD; Sara Farchi, MSc; Francesco Forastiere, MD, PhD; Vagelis Georgiu, MSc; Davide Gori, MD, PhD; Wojciech Hanke, PhD; Irva Hertz-Picciotto, PhD; Barbara Heude, PhD; Marie-France Hivert, MD; Daniel Hryhorczuk, MD, MPH; Carmen Iñiguez, PhD; Anne M. Karvonen, PhD; Leanne K. Küpers, PhD; Hanna Lagström, PhD; Debbie A. Lawlor, PhD; Irina Lehmann, PhD; Per Magnus, MD, PhD; Renata Majewska, MSc; Johanna Mäkelä, PhD; Yannis Manios, PhD, MMedSc; Monique Mommers, PhD; Camilla S. Morgen, MSc, PhD; George Moschonis, PhD; Ellen A. Nohr, PhD; Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen, MD, PhD; Emily Oken, MD, MPH; Agnieszka Pac, MSc, PhD; Eleni Papadopoulou, PhD; Juha Pekkanen, MD, PhD; Costanza Pizzi, PhD; Kinga Polanska, PhD; Daniela Porta, MSc; Lorenzo Richiardi, MD, PhD; Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, MPH; Nel Roeleveld, PhD, MSc; Luca Ronfani, MD, PhD; Ana C. Santos, PhD; Marie Standl, PhD; Hein Stigum, PhD; Camilla Stoltenberg, MD, PhD; Elisabeth Thiering, PhD; Carel Thijs, MD, PhD; Maties Torrent, MD, PhD; Tomas Trnovec, MD, PhD; Marleen M. H. J. van Gelder, PhD; Lenie van Rossem, PhD; Andrea von Berg, MD; Martine Vrijheid, PhD; Alet Wijga, PhD; Oleksandr Zvinchuk, MS; Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, MD, Dr Med Sci; Keith Godfrey, BM, PhD; Vincent W. V. Jaddoe, MD, PhD; Romy Gaillard, MD, PhD
Abstract P1-04-02: Not presented
Authors: C-Y Lin, M Hazar-Rethinam, P Thangavelu, E Dray, PH Duijf
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Lin C-Y, Hazar-Rethinam M, Thangavelu P, Dray E, Duijf PH. Not presented [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-04-02.
Refractory sarcoidosis-like systemic granulomatosis responding to ruxolitinib
Authors: Michael Levraut, Nihal Martis, Philippe Viau, Felipe Suarez, Viviane Queyrel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

In 2012, a 51-year-old woman presented with a 2-year history of painful hepatomegaly, chronic asthenia and recurrent fevers. Her medical history comprised augmentation mammoplasty 6 years prior to the onset of her symptoms and she received fenofibrate as a treatment for dyslipidaemia. Physical examination found an increased liver span and splenomegaly, cervical lymphadenopathy, and peritoneal and pleural effusion outbreaks. There was neither rash nor joint pain. Plasma inflammatory markers were constantly raised with C reactive protein (CRP) levels of 80–100 mg/L, increasing when fever and effusions occurred. Subsequently, in the course of the disease, biochemical analysis found hypercalcaemia peaking at 3.81 mmol/L with hypercalciuria. The blood cells count, serum angiotensin conversion enzyme, parathormone (PTH), PTH-rp and plasma protein electrophoresis were constantly unremarkable. Fludeoxyglucose F18 positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET) showed heterogeneous hypermetabolism of the liver, spleen, entire bone frame and several mediastinal, thoracic and abdominal lymph nodes (figure 1). Repetitive pleural …
Make no mistake
Authors: Isobel Weinberg
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Everybody makes mistakes. But those made by doctors tend to have more severe consequences than most. Consider the story of Gary Brandeland, discussed in this month’s Careers article, Making a mistake (p 26). Twenty years ago, his patient—Joy—died after a caesarean section in which the nurse anaesthetist intubated her oesophagus and forgot to attach a pulse oximeter. This doubtless changed things irrevocably for Joy’s family, but Brandeland’s life was also changed. “To this day, I’m still amazed at how other people’s lives just continued as if this event never happened,” he wrote.

In our article on p 18, four senior doctors write about errors they’ve made while …
Death—with a cup of tea and a slice of cake
Authors: Sally Carter
Journal: BMJ (2012)

I was nearly late for the Death Cafe. I couldn’t find it. Death cafes or Cafes Mortels were started by the sociologist Bernard Crettaz in Switzerland more than 10 years ago to get the public to talk about death. The concept is simple—food, drink, people, and death as the topic of conversation. The British version is run by Jon Underwood. I’d read an article about it in the London Evening Standard and contacted Jon through the Death Cafe website. I was sent instructions on when and how to get to the event, and …
Upregulation of HER2 in tubular epithelial cell drives fibroblast activation and renal fibrosis
Authors: Huanan Li, Fang Shao, Baowei Qian, Yanyan Sun, Zhen Huang, Zhi Ding, Lei Dong, Jiangning Chen, Junfeng Zhang, Yuhui Zang
Journal: Kidney International (2019)
Response to: ‘Comment on: ‘Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and antisynthetase syndrome: contribution of antisynthetase antibodies to improve current classification criteria’ by Greco <i>et al</i>’ by Knitza <i>et al</i>
Authors: Anna Tjärnlund, Ingrid E Lundberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

We have with great interest read the letter entitled ‘Response to: ‘Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and antisynthetase syndrome: contribution of antisynthetase antibodies to improve current classification criteria’ by Greco et al ’ by Knitza et al , to be published in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases .1 

We appreciate the thoughtful comments made by the authors and agree on the importance of aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetase (ARS) autoantibodies, as well as other autoantibodies for correct classification of the associated diseases. The discussion stems from the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) …
Reassessing the Meaning of Fractional Flow Reserve and Myocardial Perfusion Imaging
Authors: Guglielmo Gallone, Luca Baldetti, Alessandro Beneduce, Francesco Giannini
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2019)

In 1974, Gould and Lipscomb [(1)][1] demonstrated blunting of maximal hyperemic blood flow by narrowing the coronary artery diameter by 50%. With a bench-to-bedside translation, obstructive atherosclerotic lesions ≥50% were defined as hemodynamically relevant. The road was short from transmuting
Abstract P5-18-12: Effectiveness of Oncotype DX DCIS scoring in a community setting
Authors: JA Wheeler, H Vaghefi, F Liu, V Owens, L Morris, F Denham, L Coody
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract The Oncotype DX DCIS Score was developed to assist in determining a low risk for recurrence subgroup of patients who can avoid radiation therapy following breast conserving surgery. We sought to evaluate our experience using the Oncotype DX DCIS Score and to see if a greater number of patients who did not receive radiation therapy were experiencing a local recurrence than the score predicted. Between February 23, 2011 and November 29, 2017, 145 women were diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) without an invasive component. 126 (87%) underwent breast conserving surgery. Thirty-five underwent Oncotype DX DCIS Score, of whom 26 (74%) were low risk, four were intermediate risk (11%), and five were high risk (14%). The scores ranged from 0 (7 patients) to 100 (1 patient). Of the 26 patients with low risk scores, one chose to undergo mastectomy, three received radiation therapy, 20 chose observation without radiation therapy, and two patients were unknown because they had no further treatment or follow-up at our facility. Two of the four intermediate risk patients underwent radiation therapy and two did not. Four of the five high risk patients underwent radiation therapy, but one did not. Twenty-two of the 35 patients who underwent Oncotype DX Score met the criteria for size (based on grade) and margins (at least 3 mm). Ten patients had margins that were less than 3 mm but met the size criteria. Two patients did not meet the size criteria but had at least 3 mm margins. One patient did not meet either the size or margin criteria. None of our 20 patients with low risk Oncotype DX DCIS Score and who met both the size and margin criteria recurred. With the median follow-up of approximately 2-1/2 years, three of the 21 patients (14%) with low or intermediate risk scores who underwent Oncotype DX DCIS Score and did not receive radiation therapy suffered a local recurrence. The predicted average recurrence risk for these patients based on their Oncotype DX DCIS Score was 12%. Two of these patients who recurred had margins less than 3 mm, and one patient met the size and margin criteria, but had an intermediate risk score. By comparison, five of 61 (8%) of patients who underwent breast conserving surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy had a local recurrence. Twenty of the 23 (87%) low risk Oncotype DX DCIS Score patients did not receive radiation therapy and overall 20/35 (57%) of the patients undergoing Oncotype DX DCIS Score did not receive radiation therapy. Although the follow-up is still relatively short, Oncotype DX DCIS Score allows a considerable number of women to avoid adjuvant radiation therapy. Citation Format: Wheeler JA, Vaghefi H, Liu F, Owens V, Morris L, Denham F, Coody L. Effectiveness of Oncotype DX DCIS scoring in a community setting [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-18-12.