tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 10614: Serum Free Fatty Acid Composition as a Critical Regulator for Cardiac Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Production in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hiroaki Sunaga, Norimichi Koitabashi, Hiroki Matsui, Tatsuya Iso, Nozomi Furukawa, Ryo Kawakami, Tomoyuki Yokoyama, Masahiko Kurabayashi
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: We have recently found that serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), metabolic hormone promoting fatty acid (FA) and glucose oxidation, are rapidly induced during early st...
Diabetes in Brazil: The Association between Extreme Heat and Hospitalization
Authors: Lindsey Konkel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2020)

Diabetes is relatively common in Brazil.Some surveys suggest regional prevalences of 12.1-13.5%, 11compared with an overall prevalence in high-income countries estimated at 6.6%. 12Brazil is also one of the countries in the world most affected by climate change, as reflected by the larger-than-average increases in surface temperature recorded there over the past century.
Reciprocal change in Glucose metabolism of Cancer and Immune Cells mediated by different Glucose Transporters predicts Immunotherapy response
Authors: Kwon Joong Na, Hongyoon Choi, Ho Rim Oh, Yoon Ho Kim, Sae Bom Lee, Yoo Jin Jung, Jaemoon Koh, Samina Park, Hyun Joo Lee, Yoon Kyung Jeon, Doo Hyun Chung, Jin Chul Paeng, In Kyu Park, Chang Hyun Kang, Gi Jeong Cheon, Keon Wook Kang, Dong Soo Lee, Young Tae Kim
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

The metabolic properties of tumor microenvironment (TME) are dynamically dysregulated to achieve immune escape and promote cancer cell survival. However, in vivo properties of glucose metabolism in cancer and immune cells are poorly understood and their clinical application to development of a biomarker reflecting immune functionality is still lacking. Methods: We analyzed RNA-seq and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography profiles of 63 lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) specimens to correlate FDG uptake, expression of glucose transporters (GLUT) by RNA-seq and immune cell enrichment score (ImmuneScore). Single cell RNA-seq analysis in five lung cancer specimens was performed. We tested the GLUT3/GLUT1 ratio, the GLUT-ratio, as a surrogate representing immune metabolic functionality by investigating the association with immunotherapy response in two melanoma cohorts. Results: ImmuneScore showed a negative correlation with GLUT1 (r = -0.70, p < 0.01) and a positive correlation with GLUT3 (r = 0.39, p < 0.01) in LUSC. Single-cell RNA-seq showed GLUT1 and GLUT3 were mostly expressed in cancer and immune cells, respectively. In immune-poor LUSC, FDG uptake was positively correlated with GLUT1 (r = 0.27, p = 0.04) and negatively correlated with ImmuneScore (r = -0.28, p = 0.04). In immune-rich LUSC, FDG uptake was positively correlated with both GLUT3 (r = 0.78, p = 0.01) and ImmuneScore (r = 0.58, p = 0.10). The GLUT-ratio was higher in anti-PD1 responders than nonresponders (p = 0.08 for baseline; p = 0.02 for on-treatment) and associated with a progression-free survival in melanoma patients who treated with anti-CTLA4 (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Competitive uptake of glucose by cancer and immune cells in TME could be mediated by differential GLUT expression in these cells.
Role of non-coding RNAs in the progression and resistance of cutaneous malignancies and autoimmune diseases
Authors: Abdul Q. Khan, Fareed Ahmad, Syed Shadab Raza, Lubna Zarif, Kodappully S. Siveen, Gulab Sher, Maha Victor Agha, Khalid Rashid, Michal Kulinski, Joerg Buddenkotte, Shahab Uddin, Martin Steinhoff
Journal: Seminars in Cancer Biology (2020)

Skin, the largest organ of human body, is vital for the existence and survival of human beings. Further, developmental and physiological mechanisms associated with cutaneous biology are vital for homeostasis as their deregulations converge towards pathogenesis of a number of skin diseases, including cancer. It has now been well accepted that most of the transcribed human genome lacks protein translational potential and has been termed as non-coding RNAs (nc-RNAs), which includes circular RNA (circRNA), small nuclear RNA (snRNA), small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA), micro RNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and piwi-interacting RNA (piRNAs). These nc-RNAs have gained great attention in both preclinical and clinical research as they are critical in most of the regulatory mechanisms of biological homeostasis and disease development by controlling the gene expression at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic level. In this review we have illustrated how nc-RNAs are critical in the development and maintenance of cutaneous homeostasis and functioning and also, most importantly, how the dysregulated expression and functioning of nc-RNAs play critical role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous diseases including cancer and the autoimmune skin diseases. Considering the vital role of nc-RNAs in cancer resistance, metastasis and autoimmune diseases, we have also highlighted their role as promising prognostic and therapeutic targets for the cutaneous diseases.
An Ultrasound‐Excitable Aggregation‐Induced Emission Dye for Enhanced Sonodynamic Therapy of Tumors
Authors: Weiwei Zeng, Yan Xu, Weitao Yang, Kai Liu, Kexin Bian, Bingbo Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Abstract Ultrasound (US)‐triggered sonodynamic therapy (SDT) can significantly solve the problem of tissue penetrability of light of photodynamic therapy (PDT) that has long vexed physicians in clinics. However, there is a great shortage of sonosensitizers for SDT. Currently, several photosensitizers and their derivatives have been reported for SDT but these dyes are usually quenched when aggregated due to aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) effect. In this work, aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) dye (TTMN) assembled nanoparticles (S‐AIE) are synthesized and employed as sonosensitizers for enhanced SDT due to the unique properties of the AIE dye and the deep tissue penetration of ultrasound. Results show that S‐AIE can generate potent singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) under US irradiation to induce cancer cells apoptosis and clearly inhibit tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. In particular, the intrinsic fluorescence of AIE dye can guide the procedure of SDT. To the best of current knowledge, this is the first demonstration of AIE dyes being used as sonosensitizers for SDT and importantly, this work could inspire other more efficient AIE dyes for being used as sonosensitizers for SDT of deep‐seated tumors.
Clinical Evaluation of (4S)-4-(3-[18F]Fluoropropyl)-L-glutamate (18F-FSPG) for PET/CT Imaging in Patients with Newly Diagnosed and Recurrent Prostate Cancer
Authors: Sonya Youngju Park, Sae Jung Na, Meena Kumar, Camila Mosci, Mirwais Wardak, Norman Koglin, Santiago Bullich, Andre Mueller, Mathias Berndt, Andrew W. Stephens, Yong Mee Cho, Hanjong Ahn, Sun Young Chae, Hye Ok Kim, Dae Hyuk Moon, Sanjiv S. Gambhir, Erik S. Mittra
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

(4S)-4-(3-[18F]Fluoropropyl)-L-glutamic acid (18F-FSPG) is a radiopharmaceutical for PET imaging of system xC- activity, which can be upregulated in prostate cancer. We present data on the first evaluation of patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent prostate cancer with this radiopharmaceutical.Ten patients with primary and 10 patients with recurrent prostate cancer were enrolled in this prospective multicenter study. After injection of 300 MBq of 18F-FSPG, three whole-body PET/CT scans were obtained. Visual analysis was compared with step-section histopathology when available as well as other imaging studies and clinical outcomes. Metabolic parameters were measured semiquantitatively. Expression levels of xCT and CD44 were evaluated by IHC for patients with available tissue samples.18F-FSPG PET showed high tumor-to-background ratios with a relatively high tumor detection rate on a per-patient (89%) and per-lobe (87%) basis. The sensitivity was slightly higher with imaging at 105 minutes in comparison with 60 minutes. The maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) for cancer was significantly higher than both normal (P < 0.005) and benign pathology (P = 0.011), while there was no significant difference between normal and benign pathology (P = 0.120). In the setting of recurrence, agreement with standard imaging was demonstrated in 7 of 9 patients (78%) and 13 of 18 lesions (72%), and revealed true local recurrence in a discordant case. 18F-FSPG accumulation showed moderate correlation with CD44 expression.18F-FSPG is a promising tumor imaging agent for PET that seems to have favorable biodistribution and high cancer detection rate in patients with prostate cancer. Further studies are warranted to determine the diagnostic value for both initial staging and recurrence, and how it compares with other investigational radiotracers and conventional imaging modalities.
Abstract 14102: Exercise Training Restores Circulating microRNAs to Nonpathological Levels in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Ryo Yamada, Satoshi Okumura, Akane Miyazaki, Yudai Niwa, Manaka Tagaya, Sayano Ueda, Tomoya Ishiguro, Masataka Yoshinaga, Wakaya Fujiwara, Yasuchika Kato, Mutsuharu Hayashi, Masahide Harada, Junichi Ishi, Yukio Ozaki, Hideo Izawa
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: A greater appreciation of the benefits of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients with heart failure (HF) has emerged over the last decade. However, the molecular mecha...
Self-harm in prisons: what do we know and how can we move forwards?
Authors: Amanda E Perry
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2020)

Research has consistently shown that the prevalence of poor mental health among prisoners is considerably higher than that in the community. Mental health services in prisons cite several other vulnerabilities, such as substance misuse problems and poor physical health, and report high rates of self-harm behaviour.1 In prisons, little is known about the underlying mechanisms for self-harm behaviour and research on this topic is crucial to understand more about how the problem can be addressed. Louis Favril and colleagues2 reported on the results of a systematic review and meta-analysis of four databases with the aim of identifying risk factors for self-harm in prison.
Alterations in gene expression in normal human breast cells in response to diesel particulate extract (SRM1975) detected with DNA microarrays
Authors: Channa Keshava, Diana L. Whipkey, Ainsley Weston
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

2082  Diesel particulate extract (DPE) is a complex mixture containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. As such it is a major genotoxic environmental pollutant that is detrimental to human health. Alterations in gene expression in normal human mammary epithelial cells (NHMECs) in response to diesel particulate extract (SRM1975) have been investigated using DNA microarrays. The capacity for DPE to induce cytotoxicity was determined over a concentration range of 0.025 - 4 μl/ml using the MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. A dose dependent decrease in cell viability was observed with a 50% cell death occurring at a concentration of 1.5μl/ml. Transcriptional response in NHMECs was monitored after a 24h exposure to non-cytotoxic concentrations of DPE (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 μl/ml) using DNA oligonucleotide microarrays (U133A, Affymetrix). Of the total 22,000 genes present on the gene array, exposure to DPE altered expression of 117 to 493 genes by at least 2 fold. Several metabolism genes were induced significantly (p ≤ 0.005) in a dose dependent manner (e.g. AKR1C1, INSIG1, NQO1), however, others had increased expression but remained similar for all doses (CYP1A1, CYP1B1, HSD17B2). Further, signal transduction genes (KRTHA4, NCOA1, SPRR2B, HBP17), immune/inflammation response genes (PTGS2, IF144, IL1R2) and apoptosis genes (ALOX15B) were all up regulated significantly compared to solvent control (DMSO). Cell cycle control genes (BIRC5, CDKN3, CTGF) and DNA replication genes (RRM2, CDC6, PFS2) were significantly (p ≤ 0.005) down regulated. These results suggest several genes that may be useful biomarkers of DPE exposure that may be of value for monitoring workers.
Clinical, Legal, and Ethical Aspects of Artificial Intelligence–Assisted Conversational Agents in Health Care
Authors: John D. McGreevey, C. William Hanson, Ross Koppel
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OP0091 Differences in disease expression in adjuvant arthritis of lewis rats induced by mycobacteria or lipoidal amine
Authors: U Feige, C King, YL Hu, A Koch, D Duryea, B Bolon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Marked polyarthritis is induced in male Lewis rats by injection of either heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mineral oil (AdA) or lipoidal amine in complete Freund's adjuvant (LA/CFA). For both models, paw swelling and body weight loss occur in all rats by 10 to 12 days after immunisation. <h3>Objectives</h3> Interestingly, however, the present study demonstrates that the morphologic and densitometric changes of AdA and LA/CFA are distinguishable. <h3>Methods</h3> We induced AdA or LA/CFA in male Lewis rats (180 g) and evaluated both clinical (body and spleen weight, volume of the tibiotarsal [hock] joints) and morphologic changes (bone mineral density [BMD] by DEXA; histopathologic lesions in the hock and femorotibial [knee] joints). Readings were obtained at the day of onset (as determined by initial paw swelling) as well as 5, 10 and 25 days after onset. <h3>Results</h3> Paw swelling, loss of body weight, enhanced spleen weight were identical in AdA and LA/CFA. In contrast, hock inflammation score, hock erosion score and hock cartilage score were lower in LA/CFA, though not statistically significant from AdA. Lesions developed more slowly in LA/CFA than in AdA. However, hock BMD as well as knee inflammation and erosion scores found to be different (shown here at Onset + 5 days): <h3>Conclusion</h3> Inflammatory and skeletal changes for AdA and LA/CFA were similar by clinical and histopathologic measures 10 days after onset, while inflammation receded by Onset + 25 days in LA/CFA more than it did in AdA. These data indicate that bone densitometric and morphologic findings can distinguish these two models of adjuvant arthritis despite their similar clinical presentations. This finding may be relevant in screening novel therapeutic candidates as these models may define different potential efficacious effects of a compound.
AB0228 Peripheral fractures and bone density of the lumbar spine in women
Authors: NV Toroptsova, NV Demin, LI Benevolenskaya
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis in lumbar spine and peripheral fractures after 40 years in women 55 and elder. <h3>Methods</h3> Cross-sectional study of 2155 women using bone mineral density (BMD) with DEXA (Hologic 4500 A and W). Retrospective fracture history after 40 years was collected by interview. <h3>Results</h3> The prevalence of osteoporosis in lumbar spine according WHO-criteria was 29,8%. Fractures due fall were found in 31% of women. Over 50% of the fractures were of the wrist. There were no significant differences in age, anthropometric properties, number of children, age of menopause and duration of menopause between patients with retrospective fracture (RF) history and without fractures (WF). The prevalence of osteoporosis in lumbar spine in RF vs WF was 32% and 17% respectively. There was significant difference in the BMD of lumbar spine between RF and WF groups (0,828 g/cm<sup>2</sup> and 0,874 g/cm<sup>2</sup> respectively, p &lt; 0,001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our study presents the high prevalence of osteoporosis in lumbar spine in postmenopausal women. We found negative association between BMD of lumbar spine and peripheral fractures, so the patients with peripheral fractures are at high risk of osteoporosis, who needs BMD measurements.
Covid-19: Prisons exposed in Brazil’s crisis
Authors: Rodrigo de Oliveira Andrade
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Prisons have proved fertile grounds for SARS-CoV-2 worldwide. As Latin America becomes the new epicentre of the pandemic, the unsanitary living conditions of the world's third largest prison population cannot be ignored, writes <b>Rodrigo de Oliveira Andrade</b>
Lung involvement in macrophage activation syndrome and severe COVID-19: results from a cross-sectional study to assess clinical, laboratory and artificial intelligence–radiological differences
Authors: Piero Ruscitti, Federico Bruno, Onorina Berardicurti, Chiara Acanfora, Viktoriya Pavlych, Pierpaolo Palumbo, Alessandro Conforti, Francesco Carubbi, Ilenia Di Cola, Paola Di Benedetto, Paola Cipriani, Davide Grassi, Carlo Masciocchi, Annamaria Iagnocco, Antonio Barile, Roberto Giacomelli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

To evaluate the clinical pictures, laboratory tests and imaging of patients with lung involvement, either from severe COVID-19 or macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), in order to assess how similar these two diseases are.The present work has been designed as a cross-sectional single-centre study to compare characteristics of patients with lung involvement either from MAS or severe COVID-19. Chest CT scans were assessed by using an artificial intelligence (AI)-based software.Ten patients with MAS and 47 patients with severe COVID-19 with lung involvement were assessed. Although all patients showed fever and dyspnoea, patients with MAS were characterised by thrombocytopaenia, whereas patients with severe COVID-19 were characterised by lymphopaenia and neutrophilia. Higher values of H-score characterised patients with MAS when compared with severe COVID-19. AI-reconstructed images of chest CT scan showed that apical, basal, peripheral and bilateral distributions of ground-glass opacities (GGOs), as well as apical consolidations, were more represented in severe COVID-19 than in MAS. C reactive protein directly correlated with GGOs extension in both diseases. Furthermore, lymphopaenia inversely correlated with GGOs extension in severe COVID-19.Our data could suggest laboratory and radiological differences between MAS and severe COVID-19, paving the way for further hypotheses to be investigated in future confirmatory studies.
Right Coronary Artery Vasospasm Presenting as Complete Atrioventricular Block
Authors: Anjali B. Thakkar, Nora Goldschlager
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Confronting and mitigating the risk of COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: Darius Armstrong-James, Jonathan Youngs, Tihana Bicanic, Alireza Abdolrasouli, David W. Denning, Elizabeth Johnson, Varun Mehra, Tony Pagliuca, Brijesh Patel, Johanna Rhodes, Silke Schelenz, Anand Shah, Frank L. van de Veerdonk, Paul E. Verweij, P. Lewis White, Matthew C. Fisher
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

<b>Cases of COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) are being increasingly reported and physicians treating patients with COVID-19-related lung disease need to actively consider these fungal co-infections</b>https://bit.ly/3feuGsQ
COVID-19 and Behçet’s disease: clinical case series
Authors: Gerard Espinosa, Olga Araujo, Sergi Amaro, Marta Bodro, Pedro Juan Moreno, Reinaldo Moreno, Ainoa Ugarte, R Cervera
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

We read with interest the study of Monti et al ,1 the first rheumatic disease cases with COVID-19. In detail, the authors described the clinical course of COVID-19 in a series of 11 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, one with psoriatic arthritis and one with spondyloarthritis treated with immunosuppressive targeted therapies. Here, we describe the main characteristics of four patients with Behcet’s disease (BD) with COVID-19.

Data on patients with systemic autoimmune diseases with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are currently lacking. Data from the first 110 patients included in the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance and the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)–COVID-19 Database have been recently published.2 

Here we describe, to our knowledge, the first single-centre experience of COVID-19 in patients who fulfilled the international criteria for BD,3 including clinical characteristics, antiviral and immunomodulatory treatment, and outcomes. All patients gave informed consent for publishing their clinical data. We used nasopharyngeal swab samples for all diagnoses, amplifying …