tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is the efficacy of psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy for vitiligo enhanced by concurrent topical calcipotriol? A placebo-controlled double-blind study
Authors: O. Ermi̇s, E. Alpsoy, L. Cetin, E. Yilmaz
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Background Encouraging results of previous uncontrolled trials suggest that calcipotriol may potentiate the efficacy of psoralen plus ultraviolet (UV) A (PUVA) therapy in patients with vitiligo. Objectives We performed a placebo-controlled double-blind study to investigate whether the effectiveness of PUVA treatment could be enhanced by combination with topical calcipotriol in the treatment of vitiligo. Methods Thirty-five patients with generalized vitiligo enrolled in the study. Symmetrical lesions of similar dimensions and with no spontaneous repigmentation on arms, legs or trunk were selected as reference lesions. In this randomized left-right comparison study, calcipotriol 0·05 mg g−1 cream or placebo was applied to the reference lesions 1 h before PUVA treatment (oral 8-methoxypsoralen and conventional UVA units) twice weekly. Patients were examined at weekly intervals. The mean number of sessions and the cumulative UVA dosage for initial and complete repigmentation were calculated. Results Twenty-seven patients (nine women, 18 men; mean ± SEM age 29·8 ± 13·5 years) were evaluated. The mean ± SEM cumulative UVA dose and number of UVA exposures for initial repigmentation were 52·52 ± 6·10 J cm−2 and 9·33 ± 0·65 on the calcipotriol side, and 78·20 ± 7·88 J cm−2 and 12·00 ± 0·81 on the placebo side, respectively (P < 0·001). For complete repigmentation, respective values were 232·79 ± 14·97 J cm−2 and 27·40 ± 1·47 on the calcipotriol side and 259·93 ± 13·71 J cm−2and 30·07 ± 1·34 on the placebo side (P = 0·001). Treatment with calcipotriol and PUVA resulted in significantly higher percentages of repigmentation for both initial (81%) and complete pigmentation (63%), compared with placebo and PUVA (7% and 15%, respectively). Conclusions Our results have shown that concurrent topical calcipotriol potentiates the efficacy of PUVA in the treatment of vitiligo, and that this combination achieves earlier pigmentation with a lower total UVA dosage.
Occupational skin diseases in Northern Bavaria between 1990 and 1999: a population-based study
Authors: H. Dickel, O. Kuss, C.R. Blesius, A. Schmidt, T.L. Diepgen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Background Occupational skin diseases (OSDs) account for a large portion of occupational diseases in Europe, but population-based epidemiological studies are missing. Objectives We analysed the initial reports of OSDs in our register of OSDs in Northern Bavaria (BKH-N). Methods A total of 5285 cases were assessed prospectively and registered from 1990 to 1999. As the German Federal Employment Office provides specific occupational data in relation to the total employed population of Northern Bavaria, it was possible to conduct a population-based study that investigated the trend in incidence rates between two study periods (1990–92 and 1993–99) in 24 different occupational groups. Results A total of 3097 cases of OSD (median age 25 years) were recorded in the 24 occupational groups. There was a significant decline (P < 0·001) in the overall incidence rate of OSD with 10·7 cases per 10,000 workers per year for the first study period and 4·9 cases per 10,000 workers per year for the second study period. This general trend in incidence rates was also significant for hairdressers and barbers, bakers, health-care workers, cooks and metal processors. Conclusions The BKH-N provides national data based on the notification of OSDs in Germany. The results demonstrate the rank of occupations hazardous for the skin and are helpful for defining target groups for prevention.
Autoantibody-positive healthy individuals with lower lupus risk display a unique immune endotype
Authors: Samantha Slight-Webb, Miles Smith, Aleksandra Bylinska, Susan Macwana, Carla Guthridge, Rufei Lu, Joan T. Merrill, Eliza Chakravarty, Cristina Arriens, Melissa E. Munroe, Holden T. Maecker, Paul J. Utz, Joel M. Guthridge, Judith A. James
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
Self-titration of inhaled corticosteroid and β<sub>2</sub>-agonist in response to symptoms in mild asthma: a pre-specified analysis from the PRACTICAL randomised controlled trial
Authors: Christina Baggott, Jo Hardy, Jenny Sparks, Mark Holliday, Daniela Hall, Alexandra Vohlidkova, Robert J. Hancox, Mark Weatherall, James Fingleton, Richard Beasley
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

In mild asthma, as-needed budesonide-formoterol is superior or noninferior to maintenance budesonide plus as-needed short-acting β2-agonist in reducing severe exacerbations. In this pre-specified analysis, we investigated patterns of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and β2-agonist use in PRACTICAL, a randomised controlled trial.Participants were randomised 1:1 to as-needed budesonide-formoterol (200/6 μg Turbuhaler, one actuation) or maintenance budesonide (200 μg Turbuhaler, one actuation twice a day) with as-needed terbutaline (250 μg, two actuations) for 52 weeks. 110 participants had electronic monitors attached to their study inhalers which captured the time and date of every actuation. Key outcome measures were patterns of ICS and β2-agonist use. One actuation of budesonide-formoterol was considered to be an equivalent bronchodilator dose as two actuations of terbutaline.Participants randomised to as-needed budesonide-formoterol had more days with no ICS use compared with maintenance budesonide (median total days of no use 156 versus 22 days, respectively), lower median daily budesonide dose (164 versus 328 μg, respectively) and a greater median number of days of ≥4 budesonide actuations (4 versus 1 days, respectively). Participants randomised to as-needed budesonide-formoterol took higher equivalent doses of β2-agonist both overall (median number of actuations 0.8 versus 0.3 per day, respectively) and in response to worsening asthma (total number of "overuse days" of >8 or >16 actuations of budesonide-formoterol or terbutaline 33 versus 10 days, respectively).The timing of ICS dose when self-titrated to β2-agonist use is more important than total ICS dose in reducing severe exacerbation risk in mild asthma, when associated with greater overall use of as-needed β2-agonist.
25P Breast cancers with heterogeneous HER2 amplification show a diverse distribution of ‘driver’ and ‘passenger’ somatic mutations and copy number variations
Authors: M.R. Van Bockstal, M.C. Agahozo, R. van Marion, P.N. Atmodimedjo, H.F.B.M. Sleddens, W.N.M. Dinjens, L.L. Visser, E. Lips, J. Wesseling, C.H.M. van Deurzen
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
30P In search of a bone metastasis (BM) gene signature in circulating tumour cells (CTCs) from stage IV breast cancer (BC) patients
Authors: S. D'Oronzo, D. Lovero, R. Palmirotta, P. Cafforio, J. Brown, S. Wood, M. Cives, M.G. Tucci, L.S. Stucci, R.E. Coleman, F. Silvestris
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Interaction between N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification and noncoding RNAs in cancer
Authors: Yi Chen, Yu Lin, Yongqian Shu, Jing He, Wen Gao
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2020)

As a critical internal RNA modification in higher eukaryotes, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has become the hotspot of epigenetics research in recent years. Extensive studies on messenger RNAs have revealed that m6A affects RNA fate and cell functions in various bioprocesses, such as RNA splicing, export, translation, and stability, some of which seem to be directly or indirectly regulated by noncoding RNAs. Intriguingly, abundant noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs, small nuclear RNAs, and ribosomal RNAs are also highly modified with m6A and require m6A modification for their biogenesis and functions. Here, we discuss the interaction between m6A modification and noncoding RNAs by focusing on the functional relevance of m6A in cancer progression, metastasis, drug resistance, and immune response. Furthermore, the investigation of m6A regulatory proteins and its inhibitors provides new opportunities for early diagnosis and effective treatment of cancer, especially in combination with immunotherapy.
Effects of an Electronic Software “Prompt” With Health Care Professional Training on Cardiovascular and Renal Complications in a Multiethnic Population With Type 2 Diabetes and Microalbuminuria (the GP-Prompt Study): Results of a Pragmatic Cluster-Randomized Trial
Authors: Andrew Willis, Winston Crasto, Laura J. Gray, Helen Dallosso, Ghazala Waheed, Melanie Davies, Sam Seidu, Kamlesh Khunti
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

OBJECTIVE Tight, targeted control of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors can reduce cardiovascular complications and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and microalbuminuria. The effects of using an electronic “prompt” with a treatment algorithm to support a treat-to-target approach has not been tested in primary care. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A multicenter, cluster-randomized trial was conducted among primary care practices across Leicestershire, U.K. The primary outcome was the proportion of individuals achieving systolic and diastolic blood pressure (&amp;lt;130 and &amp;lt;80 mmHg, respectively) and total cholesterol (&amp;lt;3.5 mmol/L) targets at 24 months. Secondary outcomes included proportion of individuals with HbA1c &amp;lt;58 mmol/mol (&amp;lt;7.5%), changes in prescribing, change in the albumin-to-creatinine ratio, major adverse cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, and coding accuracy. RESULTS A total of 2,721 individuals from 22 practices, mean age 63 years, 41% female, and 62% from black and minority ethnic groups completed 2 years of follow-up. There were no significant differences in the proportion of individuals achieving the composite primary outcome, although the proportion of individuals achieving the prespecified outcome of total cholesterol &amp;lt;4.0 mmol/L (odds ratio 1.24; 95% CI 1.05–1.47; P = 0.01) increased with intensive intervention compared with control. Coding for microalbuminuria increased relative to control (odds ratio 2.05; 95% CI 1.29–3.25; P &amp;lt; 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Greater improvements in composite cardiovascular risk factor control with this intervention compared with standard care were not achieved in this cohort of high-risk individuals with T2DM. However, improvements in lipid profile and coding can benefit patients with diabetes to alter the high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. Future studies should consider comprehensive strategies, including patient education and health care professional engagement, in the management of T2DM.
<i>In vivo</i> imaging of Zika virus reveals dynamics of viral invasion in immune-sheltered tissues and vertical propagation during pregnancy
Authors: Ting Wang, Penghui Li, Yuan Zhang, Yan Liu, Zhongyuan Tan, Jianhong Sun, Xianliang Ke, Yuanjiu Miao, Dan Luo, Qinxue Hu, Fuqiang Xu, Hanzhong Wang, Zhenhua Zheng
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Rationale: Zika virus (ZIKV) is a pathogenic virus known to cause a wide range of congenital abnormalities, including microcephaly, Guillain-Barre syndrome, meningoencephalitis, and other neurological complications, in humans. This study investigated the noninvasive detection of ZIKV infection in vivo, which is necessary for elucidating the virus's mechanisms of viral replication and pathogenesis, as well as to accelerate the development of anti-ZIKV therapeutic strategies. Methods: In this study, a recombinant ZIKV harbouring Nluc gene (ZIKV-Nluc) was designed, recovered, and purified. The levels of bioluminescence were directly correlated with viral loads in vitro and in vivo. The dynamics of ZIKV infection in A129 (interferon (IFN)-α/β receptor deficient), AG6 (IFN-α/β and IFN-γ receptor deficient), and C57BL/6 mice were characterized. Pregnant dams were infected with ZIKV-Nluc at E10 via intra footpad injection. Then, the pooled immune sera (anti-ZIKV neutralizing antibodies) #22-1 in ZIKV-Nluc virus-infected mice were visualized. Results: ZIKV-Nluc showed a high genetic stability and replicated well in cells with similar properties to the wild-type ZIKV (ZIKVwt). Striking bioluminescence signals were consistently observed in animal organs, including spleen, intestine, testis, uterus/ovary, and kidney. The ileocecal junction was found to be the crucial visceral target. Infection of pregnant dams with ZIKV-Nluc showed that ZIKV was capable of crossing the maternal-fetal barrier to infect the fetuses via vertical transmission. Furthermore, it was visualized that treatment with the pooled immune sera was found to greatly restrict the spread of the ZIKV-Nluc virus in mice. Conclusions: This study is the first to report the real-time noninvasive tracking of the progression of ZIKV invading immune-sheltered tissues and propagating vertically during pregnancy. The results demonstrate that ZIKV-Nluc represents a powerful tool for the study of the replication, dissemination, pathogenesis, and treatment of ZIKV in vitro and in vivo.
Plans to Reactivate Gastroenterology Practices Following the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey of North American Centers
Authors: Vladimir M. Kushnir, Tyler M. Berzin, B. Joseph Elmunzer, Robin B. Mendelsohn, Vaishali Patel, Swati Pawa, Zachary L. Smith, Rajesh N. Keswani
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Chronic Renal Failure in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Linda L. Humphrey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Study Objective: To identify the incidence of clinically defined chronic renal failure by clinical type of diabetes in a community diabetic incidence cohort, and to evaluate the relation between persistent proteinuria and chronic renal failure in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Design: Retrospective incidence cohort study. Setting: Population-based in Rochester, Minnesota. Patients: Residents of Rochester, Minnesota, with diabetes initially diagnosed between 1945 and 1979 who had follow-up to 1984 for clinically defined chronic renal failure. Measurements and Main Results: Among 1832 persons with non-insulin-dependent diabetes who were initially free of chronic renal failure, 25 developed chronic renal failure (incidence, 133 per 100 000 person-years; CI, 86 to 196). The subsequent incidence of chronic renal failure among 136 insulin-dependent diabetic Rochester residents, three of whom developed chronic renal failure, was 170 per 100 000 person-years (CI, 35 to 497). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, we found that the risk for chronic renal failure associated with the presence of persistent proteinuria at the time of the diagnosis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes was increased 12-fold (hazard ratio, 12.1; CI, 4.3 to 34.0). When persistent proteinuria developed after the diagnosis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, the cumulative risk for chronic renal failure 10 years after the diagnosis of persistent proteinuria was 11%. Conclusions: These population-based data suggest that most cases of chronic renal failure in diabetes occur in persons with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. These data also identify the increased risk for chronic renal failure among persons with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus who have persistent proteinuria present at or developing after the diagnosis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; such data may be useful for directing interventions to prevent or delay the development of chronic renal failure.
Antibacterial and cytocompatible coatings based on poly(adipic anhydride) for a Ti alloy surface
Authors: Katarzyna Leśniak-Ziółkowska, Monika Śmiga-Matuszowicz, Agata Blacha-Grzechnik, Sebastian Student, Monika Brzychczy-Włoch, Małgorzata Krok-Borkowicz, Elżbieta Pamuła, Wojciech Simka, Alicja Kazek-Kęsik
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

This paper describes a formation of hybrid coatings on a Ti-2Ta-3Zr-36Nb surface. This is accomplished by plasma electrolytic oxidation and a dip-coating technique with poly(adipic anhydride) ((C6H8O3)n) that is loaded with drugs: amoxicillin (C16H19N3O5S), cefazolin (C14H14N8O4S3) or vancomycin (C66H75Cl2N9O24 · xHCl). The characteristic microstructure of the polymer was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy. Depending on the surface treatment, the surface roughness varied (between 1.53 μm and 2.06 μm), and the wettability was change with the over of time. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that the oxide layer did not affect the polymer layer or loaded drugs. However, the drugs lose their stability in a phosphate-buffered saline solution after 6.5 h of exposure, and its decrease was greater than 7% (HPLC analysis). The stability, drug release and concentration of the drug loaded into the material were precisely analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results correlated with the degradation of the polymer in which the addition of drugs caused the percent of degraded polymer to be between 35.5% and 49.4% after 1 h of material immersion, depending on the mass of the loaded drug and various biological responses that were obtained. However, all of the coatings were cytocompatible with MG-63 osteoblast-like cells. The drug concentrations released from the coatings were sufficient to inhibit adhesion of reference and clinical bacterial strains (S. aureus). The coatings with amoxicillin showed the best results in the bacterial inhibition zone, whereas coatings with cefazolin inhibited adhesion of the above bacteria on the surface.
Different HLA profiles confer susceptibility to autoimmune hepatitis types 1 and 2
Authors: P. L Bittencourt, A. C. Goldberg, E. L. R Cançado, G Porta, Flair José Carrilho, A. Q Farias, Antônio Atílio Laudanna, Jorge Elias Kalil Filho
Journal: Hepatology (1998)
In vitro and in vivo responses of Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells to an AKT inhibitor.
Authors: Rebecca Stone, Laurel Rice, Marya Dunlap-Brown, Amir Jazaeri
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

4067  Objectives: We have demonstrated Akt activation in poorly differentiated endometrial cancer suggesting that Akt may be a promising target for biologic intervention. The current investigation tests the effect of Akt Inhibitor VII (AKTI) with and without carboplatin on Ishikawa endometrial cancer cell growth in vitro and on Ishikawa xenografts in athymic nude mice.  Methods: Ishikawa cells were incubated with 0.01nM-10uM Akt Inhibitor VII (AKTI) for 48 hours. Apoptosis was measured using a Cell Death Detection ELISA kit. To test the effect of AKTI in vivo, 39 female mice (NCI, athymic NCr nu/nu, homozy) were each injected subcutaneously with 1x107 Ishikawa cells in 50% matrigel 14 days after oophorectomy. Tumors were grown to 0.25cm3 size over 6 days. Mice were then randomly assigned to the following treatment groups: 1. AKTI (100uM daily intra-tumoral injection, n=10), 2. carboplatin (50mg/kg IP every 4 days, n=9), 3. AKTI + carboplatin (n=10), and 4. vehicle only IP and intra-tumoral injections (n=10). Tumor volume was measured on days 7 and 14 of drug treatment. Student’s t-test was used for statistical analysis and significance set at p   Results: AKTI induced dose dependent Ishikawa cell apoptosis in vitro (EC50 = 3.4 x 10-10 M). AKTI also inhibited Ishikawa tumor growth in vivo. On day 14, AKTI treated mice had smaller tumor volume than controls (0.70cm3 ± 0.12cm3 vs. 0.97cm3 ± 0.13cm3 p = 0.06). Tumor growth was also significantly suppressed in the carboplatin group compared to controls (0.31cm3 ± 0.04cm3 vs. 0.97cm3 ± 0.13cm3 p   Conclusions: The combination of carboplatin and Akt Inhibitor acts synergistically to decrease tumor volume in this mouse model of endometrial cancer. This novel combination warrants further pre-clinical investigation to assess feasibility for clinical trials.
Abstract 14281: Age-Related Left Ventricular Dysfunction: Effects of Urocortin 2 Gene Transfer
Authors: Dimosthenis Giamouridis, Mei Hua Gao, Ngai C Lai, Atsushi Miyanohara, Erik A Biessen, W M Blankesteijn, H. K Hammond
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) comprises up to 50% of HF and has increased prevalence among older patients. However, current clinical therapy of HFpEF has not, in general, r...
153P Clinical implications of body mass index (BMI) and weight in metastatic breast cancer (BC) patients treated with abemaciclib and endocrine therapy: A pooled individual patient level data analysis of MONARCH 2 and MONARCH 3 trials
Authors: M.A. Franzoi, L. Ameye, D. Eiger, M. Piccart, M.D.R.A. Brandão, N. Pondé, C. Desmedt, S. Di Cosimo, M. Paesmans, R. Caparica, N. Kotecki, M. Lambertini, C. De Angelis, A.H. Awada, E. de Azambuja
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
67P Digital analysis of distant and cancer-associated adipocytes in breast cancer
Authors: E. Isnaldi, F. Richard, M. De Schepper, D. Vincent, S. Leduc, M. Maetens, T. Geukens, G. Floris, G. Rouas, F. Rothé, F. Cardoso, M. Piccart, C. Sotiriou, G. Zoppoli, E. Biganzoli, D. Larsimont, C. Desmedt
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Low-Fat, High-Fiber Diet Reduces Markers of Inflammation and Dysbiosis and Improves Quality of Life in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Julia Fritsch, Luis Garces, Maria A. Quintero, Judith Pignac-Kobinger, Ana M. Santander, Irina Fernández, Yuguang J. Ban, Deukwoo Kwon, Matthew C. Phillips, Karina Knight, Qingqing Mao, Rebeca Santaolalla, Xi S. Chen, Mukil Maruthamuthu, Norma Solis, Oriana M. Damas, David H. Kerman, Amar R. Deshpande, John E. Lewis, Chi Chen, Maria T. Abreu
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Covid-19: Each discarded face mask is a potential biohazard
Authors: James H Bamber, Tracey Christmas
Journal: BMJ (2020)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Genetically predicted changes in molecular traits are associated with genetic liability to glioma risk. We sought to identify and provide evidence for the prioritisation of these traits using a combined two-sample Mendelian randomisation and colocalisation pipeline. We used genetic variants from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to compare the effects of gene expression, protein abundance and splicing variation on genetic liability to glioma risk. We performed analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTL) (expression QTL [MetaBrain, n=4,119,012]; protein QTL [BrainQTL, n=786,632] and splicing QTL [GTEx, n=166,721]) derived from 15 different brain tissues and summary-level data from eight glioma GWAS (12,496 cases and 18,190 controls). We found robust evidence linking QTL for 25 genes in 15 loci with risk of glioma following relevant sensitivity analysis. We identified four novel genes putatively implicated in glioma risk: <i>BTN3A2</i> (6p22.2), <i>FAIM</i> (3q22.3), <i>GALNT6</i> (12q13.13) and <i>GMPPB</i> (3p21.31). Identification of these novel genes may improve understanding in pathogenic mechanisms underlying gliomagenesis and should be followed up in further studies, which may inform novel prevention studies following future clinical trials.