tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of Health Savings Accounts Among US Adults Enrolled in High-Deductible Health Plans
Authors: Jeffrey T. Kullgren, Elizabeth Q. Cliff, Christopher Krenz, Brady T. West, Helen Levy, Mark Fendrick, Angela Fagerlin
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Health savings accounts (HSAs) can be used by enrollees in high-deductible health plans (HDHPs) to save for health care expenses before taxes. Expansion of and encouraging contributions to HSAs have been centerpieces of recent federal legislation. Little is known about how US residents who may be eligible for HSAs are using them to save for health care. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine which patients who may be eligible for an HSA do not have one and what decisions patients with HSAs make about contributing to them. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cross-sectional national survey assessed an online survey panel representative of the US adult population. Adults aged 18 to 64 years and enrolled in an HDHP for at least 12 months were eligible to participate. Data were collected from August 26 to September 19, 2016, and analyzed from November 1, 2019, to April 30, 2020. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Prevalence of not having an HSA or not making HSA contributions in the last 12 months and reasons for not making the HSA contributions. <h3>Results</h3> Based on data from 1637 individuals (American Association of Public Opinion Research response rate 4, 54.8%), half (50.6% [95% CI, 47.7%-53.6%]) of US adults in HDHPs were female, and most were aged 36 to 51 (35.7% [95% CI, 32.8%-38.6%]) or 52 to 64 (36.8% [95% CI, 34.1%-39.5%]) years. Approximately 1 in 3 (32.5% [95% CI, 29.8%-35.3%]) did not have an HSA. Those who obtained their health insurance through an exchange were more likely to lack an HSA (70.3% [95% CI, 61.9%-78.6%]) than those who worked for an employer that offered only 1 health insurance plan (36.5% [95% CI, 30.9%-42.1%];<i>P</i> &lt; .001). More than half of individuals with an HSA (55.0% [95% CI, 51.1%-58.8%]) had not contributed money into it in the last 12 months. Among HDHP enrollees with an HSA, those with at least a master's degree (46.1% [95% CI, 38.3%-53.9%];<i>P</i> = .02) or a high level of health insurance literacy (47.3% [95% CI, 40.7%-54.0%];<i>P</i> = .03) were less likely to have made no HAS contributions. Common reasons for not contributing to an HSA included not considering it (36.8% [95% CI, 30.8%-42.8%]) and being unable to afford saving for health care (31.9% [95% CI, 26.2%-37.6%]). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> These findings suggest that many US adults enrolled in an HDHP lack an HSA, and few with an HSA saved for health care in the last year. Targeted interventions should be explored by employers, health plans, and health systems to encourage HSA uptake and contributions among individuals who could benefit from their use.
In vitro and in vivo dimerization of human endonuclease III stimulates its activity
Authors: Sujata Choudhury, Rabindra Roy, Xiang Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

1546  Human endonuclease III (hNTH1), a DNA glycosylase with associated abasic lyase activity, repairs various mutagenic and toxic-oxidized DNA lesions, including thymine glycol. We demonstrate for the first time that the full-length hNTH1 positively cooperates in product formation as a function of enzyme concentration. The protein concentrations that caused cooperativity in turnover also exhibited dimerization, independent of DNA binding. Earlier we had found that the hNTH1 consists of two domains: a well conserved catalytic domain, and an inhibitory N-terminal tail. The N-terminal truncated proteins neither undergo dimerization, nor do they show cooperativity in turnover, indicating that the homodimerization of hNTH1 is specific and requires the N-terminal tail. Further kinetic analysis at transition states reveals that this homodimerization stimulates an 11-fold increase in the rate of release of the final product, an AP-site with a 3′ nick, and that it does not affect other intermediate reaction rates, including those of DNA N-glycosylase or AP lyase activities that are modulated by previously reported interacting proteins, YB-1, APE1, and XPG. Thus, the site of modulating action of the dimer on the hNTH1 reaction steps is unique. Moreover, the high intranuclear (2.3 μM) and cytosolic (0.65 μM) concentrations of hNTH1 determined here support the possibility of in vivo dimerization; indeed, in vivo protein cross-linking showed the presence of the dimer in the nucleus of HeLa cells. Therefore, it is likely that the dimerization of hNTH1 involving the N-terminal tail masks the inhibitory effect of this tail and plays a critical role in its catalytic turnover in the cell (CA 92306).
Covid-19: Is the UK government marginalising scientists?
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2020)

With the UK government's main scientific advisory group set for a less prominent role, Ingrid Torjesen finds out what this means for future pandemic policy Ingrid TorjesenAt the start of the covid-19 pandemic the government's mantra was that it would be "led by the science."As the weeks passed this subtly changed to "guided by." 1 2 Now, under the growing influence of data analysts, political advisers, and economists, it appears seems to be shifting further away from science.With more now known about the behaviour of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and more extensive testing data available, the government is dialling down the input of the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE).The group will meet less often, focus on long term issues and emerging evidence, and have less of a role in analysing day to day data on infections.That job will fall to the new the Joint Biosecurity Centre, modelled on the Joint Terrorism Analysis Centre and headed by Clare Gardiner, director of national resilience and strategy at the National Cyber Security Centre (part of Government Communications Headquarters or GCHQ). 3"SAGE will continue to provide a single consensus view of scientific advice at the heart of government decision making, to inform the national strategic response to the coronavirus epidemic," a government spokesperson said."As we move into the next phase of the coronavirus response, the JBC will complement the work of SAGE, providing more operational focus, including data analysis and epidemiological expertise, with the aim of ensuring that outbreaks of coronavirus are detected and brought under control quickly.
COVID-19, Racism, and Racial Disparities in Kidney Disease: Galvanizing the Kidney Community Response
Authors: Deidra C. Crews, Tanjala S. Purnell
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Podcast This article contains a podcast athttps://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/JASN/2020_07_21_JASN2020060809.mp3
Abstract #2215: CXCL11 and CXCL12 modulate ERK1/2 and NF-kB activation in breast cancer cells via CXCR3, CXCR4, and CXCR7
Authors: Lasharon Mosley, Rajesh Singh, Praveen Sharma, Shailesh Singh, James Lillard
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Most breast cancer related deaths are because of metastasis. In order to achieve the metastatic goal; cancer cells must disseminate from the primary tumor site, migrate, invade, adhere, and survive during the process as well as at secondary homing sites. Chemokines, such as stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1; CXCL12) and interferon-inducible T cell \#945;-chemoattractant (I-TAC; CXCL11), and their receptors CXCR4, CXCR7 (CXCL11 & CXCL12), and CXCR3, respectively, are believed to play crucial roles in metastatic process by G protein coupled signaling events leading to the activation of transcription factors. Our study investigates the CXCL12:CXCR4/CXCR7 axis as well as the CXCL11:CXCR3/CXCR7 axis effects on pathways known to mediate transcriptional activation of BrCa cell invasion mechanisms. Amnis ImageStream analysis revealed that treatment of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines with either CXCL11 or CXCL12 resulted in the activation and translocation of ERK1/2 and NF-kB to the nucleus. FACE assay analysis demonstrated that stimulation with these chemokines selectively induced ERK1/2 and NFkB phosphorylation through FAK-, Src-, and/or PI3K-dependent pathways. These findings suggest that CXCL11 and CXCL12 differentially induces signal transduction through CXCR3/CXCR4/CXCR7. [This study was supported by funds from the Smith & Lucille Gibson Endowment and National Institute of Health Grants CA092078, CA086359, and MD00525.]  Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 2215.
Abstract 14106: Assessment of Right Ventricular to Pulmonary Circulation Uncoupling at Peak Exercise in Heart Failure Patients by the Relationship Between Pulmonary Systolic Pressure vs Right Ventricular Longitudinal Strain
Authors: Valeria Donghi, Francesco Carbone, Valentina Labate, Greta Generati, Marta Pellegrino, Eleonora Alfonzetti, Francesco Bandera, Marco Guazzi
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Speckle tracking analysis is an emerging technique that can be useful to assess abnormalities in cardiac contractility before traditional echo parameters. Purpose: To investigate whether right ventricular (RV) 2D speckle tracking analysis at peak exercise could stratify a heart failure reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) population in different functional phenotypes, with particular emphasis on RV to pulmonary circulation relationship. Methods: 36 HFrEF patients (mean age 69±12; male 69%; NYHA I-II-III-IV 19-17-25-5 %) underwent a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing evaluation (bike, incremental ramp protocol) combined with Echo-Doppler and off-line speckle tracking analysis. Study population was divided in two groups according to median value of 2D right ventricle longitudinal strain at peak exercise (Group A RVLG at peak &lt; -16, 17 patients vs Group B ≥ -16, 19 patients). In all patients we performed traditional echo and 2D longitudinal speckle tracking analysis at rest and peak exercise. Results: Despite similar left ventricle ejection fraction (Group A 36± 9% vs Group B 32±9%, p=ns) and global right ventricle longitudinal strain (RVLG) at rest (Group A -18.6±5.6% vs Group B -14.5±8.2%, p=ns), Group B patients showed a similar exercise performance (Peak VO 2 Group A 31.6±7.4 vs Group B 11.6±3.4 mlO 2 /Kg/min, p=ns) but more impaired ventilation (VE/VCO2 slope Group A 31.6±7.4 vs Group B 37.4±8.8, p&lt;0.05), and a clear RV to PC uncoupling at peak exercise as assessed by the relationship between pulmonary systolic pressure vs RVLG (see figure below). Conclusions: In HFrEF RV speckle tracking analysis at peak exercise seems a useful technique for unmasking RV to PC uncoupling and the unfavorable gas exchange and ventilatory phenotypes.
AB0609 THE SPECTRUM OF ANTINUCLEAR ANTIBODIES IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS POSITIVE FOR ANTI-U1RNP
Authors: R. Shayakhmetova, L. P. Ananyeva, O. Koneva, M. Starovoytova, O. Ovsyannikova, O. Desinova, L. Garzanova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Patients with systemic sclerosis positive for anti-U1RNP have special clinical picture and disease progression. The autoimmune profile in this group is poorly understood. Objectives: The purpose of our work was to study the level of major autoantibodies in patients with systemic sclerosis positive for anti-U1RNP. Methods: The study included 80 patients (71 women and 9 men, mean age 44,5±14 years) positive for antibodies to RNP and meeting the criteria of the systemic sclerosis (ACR/EULAR 2013). Patients were examined for autoantibodies: RF, ACCP, ACA, anti-Scl70, anti-RNAP-III, anti-Ro, anti-La, anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm, ACL, anti-Jo1. 44 patients were examined in dynamics in 24 months. Results: In the study group the clinical picture was dominated by inflammatory musculoskeletal lesions (synovitis and myopathy), skin manifestations were poorly expressed. Interstitial lung disease was detected in 68% of cases. Overlaps (34%) with other rheumatic diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus) and combination with Sjogren’s syndrome (32.5%) were frequently noted. Other antibodies were often detected: commonly - RF (31%), anti-Ro (38%), anti-dsDNA (42%), rarely - anti-Sm (11%), ACCP (8%), anti-La (8%), ACA (6%), anti-Scl70 (6%), AKL (2%). Anti-Jo1 and anti-RNAP-III were not detected at all. In patients with systemic sclerosis highly-positive for anti-U1RNP (more than 2 upper normal limits) RF, anti-Ro, anti-dsDNA were significantly more common in comparison with low-positive(p=0.00). In dynamics 80% of patients maintained anti-U1RNP, while other autoantibodies were detected with the same frequency. In patients with initially low titer of anti-U1RNP, their disappearance was noted. Conclusion: Patients with systemic sclerosis positive for anti-U1RNP differ in the predominance of inflammatory musculoskeletal manifestations and frequent combination with Sjogren’s syndrome and overlaps. Highly positivity for anti-U1RNP is accompanied by a persistent increase in RF, anti-Ro, anti-dsDNA Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Abstract 11685: New Intervention Therapy Of Acute Renal Infarction Caused By Atrial Fibrillation: A Case Report
Authors: Tao Ge, Jinfeng Wang, ZhengCai Zhu, Wenjiao Zhou, Bi-Hua Tan, Shengxing Tang
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common arrhythmias, and its thrombotic complications are mainly stroke, but rarely cause acute renal infarction. The low incidence and the non-s...
Reevaluation of the US Pathologist Workforce Size
Authors: Stanley J. Robboy, David Gross, Jason Y. Park, Elizabeth Kittrie, James M. Crawford, Rebecca L. Johnson, Michael B. Cohen, Donald S. Karcher, Robert D. Hoffman, Anthony T. Smith, W. Stephen Black-Schaffer
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> There is currently no national organization that publishes its data that serves as the authoritative source of the pathologist workforce in the US. Accurate physician numbers are needed to plan for future health care service requirements. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess the accuracy of current pathologist workforce estimates in the US by examining why divergency appears in different published resources. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This study examined the American Board of Pathology classification for pathologist primary specialty and subspecialties and analyzed previously published reports from the following data sources: the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), a 2013 College of American Pathologists (CAP) report, a commercially available version of the American Medical Assoication (AMA) Physician Masterfile, and an unpublished data summary from June 10, 2019. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Number of physicians classified as pathologists. <h3>Results</h3> The most recent AAMC data from 2017 (published in 2018) reported 12 839 physicians practicing "anatomic/clinical pathology," which is a subset of the whole. In comparison, the current AMA Physician Masterfile, which is not available publicly, listed 21 292 active pathologists in June 2019. The AMA Physician Masterfile includes all pathologists in 15 subspecialized training areas as identified by the ACGME. By contrast, AAMC's data, which derive from the AMA Physician Masterfile data, only count physicians primarily associated with 3 general categories of pathologists and 1 subspecialty category (ie, chemical pathology). Thus, the AAMC pathology workforce estimate does not include those whose principal work is in 11 subspecialty areas, such as blood banking or transfusion medicine, cytopathology, hematopathology, or microbiology. An additional discrepancy relates to the ACGME residency (specialties) and fellowship (subspecialties) training programs in which pathologists with training in dermatopathology appear as dermatologists and pathologists with training in molecular genetic pathology appear as medical geneticists. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This analysis found that most sources reported only select categories of the pathologist workforce rather than the complete workforce. The discordant nature of reporting may pertain to other medical specialties that have undergone increased subspecialization during the past 2 decades (eg, surgery and medicine). Reconsideration of the methods for determining the pathologist workforce and for all workforces in medicine appears to be needed.
cGMP依存性タンパク質キナーゼ (PKG-I)の転写および転写後調整: 病態生理学的有意性 | 文献情報 | J-GLOBAL 科学技術総合リンクセンター
Authors: Sellak Hassan, Choi Chung-sik, B Dey Nupur, M Lincoln Thomas
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2013)
Recent advances of two-dimensional materials in smart drug delivery nano-systems
Authors: Hua Zhang, Taojian Fan, Wen Chen, Yingchun Li, Bing Wang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

Smart drug delivery nano-systems show significant changes in their physical or chemical properties in response to slight change in environmental physical and/or chemical signals, and further releasing drugs adjusted to the progression of the disease at the right target and rate intelligently. Two-dimensional materials possess dramatic status extend all over various scientific and technological disciplines by reason of their exceptional unique properties in application of smart drug delivery nano-systems. In this review, we summarized current progress to highlight various kinds of two-dimensional materials drug carriers which are widely explored in smart drug delivery systems as well as classification of stimuli responsive two-dimensional materials and the advantages and disadvantages of their applications. Consequently, we anticipate that this review might inspire the development of new two-dimensional materials with smart drug delivery systems, and deepen researchers' understanding of smart nano-carries based on two-dimensional materials.
Abstract 10520: Cellular Basis of Beta2-Adrenergic Receptor Activation Produced Enhanced Positive Modulation on Left Ventricular Systolic and Diastolic Functional Performance in Heart Failure
Authors: Zhe Chen, Zhi Zhang, Heng-Jie Cheng, Peng Zhou, Che Ping Cheng
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Failing human hearts have a down-regulation of β1-adrenergic receptors (AR), but not β2-ARs. It is possible that β2-AR may play more important role on left ventricular (LV) function wit...
Two-miRNA–based finger-stick assay for estimation of absorbed ionizing radiation dose
Authors: Marshleen Yadav, Sagar Bhayana, Joseph Liu, Lanchun Lu, Jason Huang, Ya Ma, Zahida Qamri, Xiaokui Mo, Diviya S. Jacob, Shashaank T. Parasa, Noureen Bhuiya, Paolo Fadda, Meng Xu-Welliver, Arnab Chakravarti, Naduparambil K. Jacob
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2020)

Nuclear radiation and radioactive fallouts resulting from a nuclear weapon detonation or reactor accidents could result in injuries affecting multiple sensitive organs, defined as acute radiation syndrome (ARS). Rapid and early estimation of injuries to sensitive organs using markers of radiation response is critical for identifying individuals who could potentially exhibit ARS; however, there are currently no biodosimetry assays approved for human use. We developed a sensitive microRNA (miRNA)-based blood test for radiation dose reconstruction with ±0.5 Gy resolution at critical dose range. Radiation dose-dependent changes in miR-150-5p in blood were internally normalized by a miRNA, miR-23a-3p, that was nonresponsive to radiation. miR-23a-3p was not highly expressed in blood cells but was abundant in circulation and was released primarily from the lung. Our assay showed the capability for dose estimation within hours to 1 week after exposure using a drop of blood from mice. We tested this biodosimetry assay for estimation of absorbed ionizing radiation dose in mice of varying ages and after exposure to both improvised nuclear device (IND)-spectrum neutrons and gamma rays. Leukemia specimens from patients exposed to fractionated radiation showed depletion of miR-150-5p in blood. We bridged the exposure of these patients to fractionated radiation by comparing responses after fractionated versus single acute exposure in mice. Although validation in nonhuman primates is needed, this proof-of-concept study suggests the potential utility of this assay in radiation disaster management and clinical applications.
FRI0234 The correlation of spinal canal dimensions and clinical findings in lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: N Keser, OF Sendur, G Gurer, A Aydeniz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Spinal stenosis is narrowing of spinal canal, nerve root canal and intervertebral foramen under a critical value. Spinal degeneration is the most important reason for spinal stenosis. In most of the patient locomotor system examination is non-specific. Therefore detailed radiological examination should be done in order to make a definite diagnosis of spinal stenosis. <h3>Objectives</h3> This study was carried out to investigate the correlation between lumbar spinal canal dimensions and clinical findings of patients who have suspected to have spinal stenosis. <h3>Methods</h3> Forty patients (29 female,11 male) were taken into this study. Detailed physical examination of locomotor system was done for each patient (lumbar range of motion, pain in lumbar extension, milligram test, muscle strength, deep tendon reflexes and sensory deficit). CT scan of L3-L5 vertebrae level were done in order to measure A-P diameter of spinal canal, interpedicular distance, pedicular height. Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis of data. <h3>Results</h3> We observed significant correlation between clinical findings of milligram test, pain in lumbar extansion, sensory deficit in lower extremities, deep tendon reflexes deficiency and some of CT scan results (A-P diameter and interpedicular distance of L4-L5) of patients who have spinal stenosis. There was no significant correlation between spinal stenosis and clinical findings of muscle strength deficit and lumbar ROM limitation <h3>Conclusion</h3> We concluded that CT scan measurement and clinical findings of spinal stenosis correlate well. However soft tissues couldn't be evaluated properly and it is well known that these tissues may lead to spinal stenosis too. MRI is expensive and CT-myelography is not so easy to apply. Because of that CT is a useful technique when compared to others. <h3>References</h3> Verbiest H. Lumbar spinal stenosis. In: Youmans JR, ed. <i>Neurological surgery</i>. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1990: 2805–55 Hall S, Lowthian PJ. Lumbar spinal stenosis. In: Klippel JH, Dieppe PA, eds. <i>Rheumatology</i>. St Louis: Mosby, 1998, 4.5.1–6