tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A study into the best sites to biopsy for a diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris or mucous membrane pemphigoid
Authors: B. Carey, S. Joshi, A. Abdelghani, J. Mee, M. Andiappan, J. Setterfield
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) are rare and potentially serious conditions that cause painful blisters or erosions to develop in the mouth, nose, throat, oesophagus, genitalia and skin. One of the main complications unique to MMP is that it may scar affected sites, particularly the eyes. Both diseases generally occur in older adults. To confirm the diagnosis of PV and MMP, a biopsy has traditionally been taken from near the affected area (perilesional). Where only mucosal surfaces are involved, the mouth is the most accessible site, however this can be difficult because the lining of the mouth is fragile. The aim of this study was to compare outcomes of a biopsy of normal healthy-looking tissue lining the inner cheek (buccal mucosa) with a perilesional biopsy. The authors, based in the U.K., analysed the biopsy location and results of 251 MMP and 77 PV patients. They have shown that a biopsy of normal buccal mucosa tissue is as good as a perilesional biopsy for diagnosis of oral PV. For MMP patients with multiple oral surfaces affected, biopsy of normal buccal mucosa was almost equal to taking a perilesional sample for diagnosis. For MMP patients with only the gums affected, neither a perilesional biopsy from the gum nor a normal buccal mucosal biopsy were reliable enough to always confirm the diagnosis. Importantly for this group of patients, the authors have shown that a biopsy from the junction between the lining of the cheek and gum gave a positive result in all cases. A punch biopsy taken from normal buccal mucosa tissue is a simple and safe practical method for diagnosing all patients with oral PV and all MMP patients, with the exception of those with gum only lesions. This is a summary of the study: The optimal oral biopsy site for diagnosis of mucous membrane pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris
Egg And Milk Open Oral Food Challenges As A Safe Daily Routine Tool To Evaluate Allergy Evolution, In A Tertiary Paediatric Allergy Unit
Authors: Beatriz Moya, Celine Galleani, Isabel Fernández, Silvia Sanchez-Garcia, Pablo Rodriguez Del Rio, Carmelo Escudero Diez, M. Dolores Ibanez
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
Prognostic value of ST segment depression in acute coronary syndromes: insights from PARAGON-A applied to GUSTO-IIb11Platelet IIb/IIIa Antagonism for the Reduction of Acute coronary syndrome events in a Global Organization Network (PARAGON-A); Global Use of Strategies To Open occluded arteries in acute coronary syndromes (GUSTO-IIb).
Authors: Padma Kaul, Yuling Fu, Wei-Ching Chang, Robert A. Harrington, Galen S. Wagner, Shaun G. Goodman, Christopher B. Granger, David J. Moliterno, Frans Van de Werf, Robert M. Califf, Eric J. Topol, Paul W. Armstrong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Serodominant House Dust Mite Molecular Profile in The Moderate-Severe Type-2 Inflammation Asthma Phenotype
Authors: Ruperto Gonzalez Perez, Fernando Pineda de la Losa, Paloma Poza Guedes, Martina Aumayr, Miriam Castillo, Elena Mederos Luis, Cristina Alava Cruz, Peter Forstenlechner, Victor Matheu, Inmaculada Sanchez-Machin
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
Provider referral patterns following nephrectomy in high-risk locoregional renal cell carcinoma.
Authors: Hannah Elizabeth Dzimitrowicz, Elizabeth Esterberg, LaStella Miles, Giovanni Zanotti, Azah Borham, Michael Roger Harrison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

636 Background: It is unclear whether post-nephrectomy patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in real-world practice settings are typically assessed for recurrence risk post-operatively and whether patients at high risk of recurrence are seen by providers who can evaluate candidacy for adjuvant systemic therapy (AST), clinical trials, or alternative surveillance schedules. Methods: We identified all patients with locoregional RCC who underwent nephrectomy within Duke University Health System between April 1, 2015 and March 31, 2019 via an institutional database. Medical records were reviewed to identify patient characteristics, post-nephrectomy treatment and referrals, and follow up. Patients with tumor stage 3 or higher and tumor grade 2 or higher, regional lymph-node metastasis, or both, were classified as high risk of recurrence. Results: Of 500 patients with locoregional RCC who underwent nephrectomy, 111 (22.2%) had high risk of recurrence (Table). 15 patients with high risk disease (13.5%) were referred to a medical oncologist for discussion of AST. Fourteen of the 15 referrals took place in 2018 or later. 7 of 29 (24.1%) high risk patients were referred for discussion of AST in 2018 and 7 of 9 (77.8%) in 2019. All referrals were made by urologists to medical oncologists. Two patients received AST – one as part of a clinical trial and one node-positive patient received standard-of-care sunitinib. In the cohort of high-risk patients, follow up data was available for 83 patients with median follow up time of 1.16 years; 31 patients (37.4%) developed recurrent disease. Conclusions: Within a single large academic institution, despite increasing numbers of patients with locoregional RCC at high risk of recurrence being referred to medical oncologists after nephrectomy, few patients received AST. These findings highlight the need for continued efforts at identifying effective AST and referring patients most likely to benefit.[Table: see text]
Treatment outcomes in metastatic prostate cancer patients with DNA damage repair mutations.
Authors: Daniel Kwon, Francis Wright, Li Zhang, Jonathan Chou, Hala Borno, Arpita Desai, David Yoonsuk Oh, YaoYao Guan Pollock, Rohit Bose, Franklin W. Huang, Thomas Hope, Terence W. Friedlander, Lawrence Fong, Felix Y Feng, Eric Jay Small, Rahul Raj Aggarwal, Vadim S Koshkin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

187 Background: DNA damage repair mutations (DDM) are common in prostate cancer (PCa). Optimal treatment sequence and outcomes of androgen signaling inhibitors (ASIs) and chemotherapy in this population are unclear. Methods: A retrospective, single-institution study of patients (pts) with mPCa and DDM detected on next-generation sequencing between January 2016 and July 2019 was conducted. For pts with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), chi-squared and Wilcoxon sum rank tests were used to compare PSA50 and Time to Next Treatment (TNT) among different treatment groups, respectively. Results: Among 70 pts with mPCa and DDM, the most common mutations were BRCA2 (24, 27%), ATM (20, 22%), CDK12 (19, 21%), and MLH1/MSH2/MSH6/PMS2 (10, 11%). Fifty-seven pts (81%) received systemic treatment for mCRPC and 68% received ≥3 mCRPC treatments. Among 57 pts with ≥1 mCRPC treatment, 19 (33%) received first abiraterone, and 18 (32%) first enzalutamide. There was a trend toward higher PSA50 (74% vs 47%, P=0.196) and longer TNT (55 vs 34 wk, P=0.286) with first abiraterone vs enzalutamide. Upon switching between ASIs, 0 of 10 pts had a PSA50 response. When given chemotherapy at any point during CRPC treatment, 16/27 (59%) pts had a PSA50 response to docetaxel alone and/or cabazitaxel alone, and 14/24 (58%) to carboplatin-based regimens. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the largest single-institution cohort providing real-world treatment data for pts with mPCa and DDM. In the frontline mCRPC setting, abiraterone had a trend suggesting increased activity over enzalutamide that was not statistically significant. Switching ASIs at progression produced no additional responses, suggesting cross-resistance. Responses to taxanes were similar to previously reported data in all-comers. Validation in a larger, prospective cohort is needed to confirm these preliminary findings.
Dupilumab Improves Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Adults and Adolescents With Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: A Post Hoc Analysis of Three Phase 3 Trials (LIBERTY AD SOLO 1 &amp; 2 and ADOL)
Authors: Jonathan Silverberg, Weily Soong, Benjamin Lockshin, Abhijit Gadkari, Zhen Chen, Ashish Bansal, Laurent Eckert
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
Authors’ response: Plenty of coronaviruses but no SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Chantal B Reusken, Bart Haagmans, Adam Meijer, Victor M Corman, Anna Papa, Remi Charrel, Christian Drosten, Marion Koopmans
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2020)

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Medication Adherence During Adjunct Therapy With Statins and ACE Inhibitors in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Elżbieta Niechciał, Carlo L. Acerini, Scott T. Chiesa, Tracey Stevens, R. Neil Dalton, Denis Daneman, John E. Deanfield, Timothy W. Jones, Farid H. Mahmud, Sally M. Marshall, H. Andrew W. Neil, David B. Dunger, M. Loredana Marcovecchio, Carlo L. Acerini, Frank Ackland, Binu Anand, Tim Barrett, Virginia Birrell, Fiona Campbell, Marietta Charakida, Tim Cheetham, Scott T. Chiesa, John E. Deanfield, Chris Cooper, Ian Doughty, Atanu Dutta, Julie Edge, Alastair Gray, Julian Hamilton-Shield, Nick Mann, M. Loredana Marcovecchio, Sally M. Marshall, H. Andrew W. Neil, Gerry Rayman, Jonathon M. Robinson, Michelle Russell-Taylor, Vengudi Sankar, Anne Smith, Nandu Thalange, Chandan Yaliwal, Paul Benitez-Aguirre, Fergus Cameron, Andrew Cotterill, Jennifer Couper, Maria Craig, Elizabeth Davis, Kim Donaghue, Timothy W. Jones, Bruce King, Charles Verge, Phil Bergman, Christine Rodda, Cheril Clarson, Jacqueline Curtis, Denis Daneman, Farid H. Mahmud, Etienne Sochett
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

OBJECTIVE Suboptimal adherence to insulin treatment is a main issue in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. However, to date, there are no available data on adherence to adjunct noninsulin medications in this population. Our aim was to assess adherence to ACE inhibitors and statins and explore potential determinants in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS There were 443 adolescents with type 1 diabetes recruited into the Adolescent Type 1 Diabetes Cardio-Renal Intervention Trial (AdDIT) and exposed to treatment with two oral drugs—an ACE inhibitor and a statin—as well as combinations of both or placebo for 2–4 years. Adherence was assessed every 3 months with the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) and pill count. RESULTS Median adherence during the trial was 80.2% (interquartile range 63.6–91.8) based on MEMS and 85.7% (72.4–92.9) for pill count. Adherence based on MEMS and pill count dropped from 92.9% and 96.3%, respectively, at the first visit to 76.3% and 79.0% at the end of the trial. The percentage of study participants with adherence ≥75% declined from 84% to 53%. A good correlation was found between adherence based on MEMS and pill count (r = 0.82, P &amp;lt; 0.001). Factors associated with adherence were age, glycemic control, and country. CONCLUSIONS We report an overall good adherence to ACE inhibitors and statins during a clinical trial, although there was a clear decline in adherence over time. Older age and suboptimal glycemic control at baseline predicted lower adherence during the trial, and, predictably, reduced adherence was more prevalent in subjects who subsequently dropped out.
Detection of Environmentally Ubiquitous Vishniacozyma victoriae (syn. Cryptococcus victoriae) in the Homes of Asthmatic and Non-asthmatic Children in New York City
Authors: Rachael Rush, Samuel Cochran, Sarah Haines, Luis Acosta, Adnan Divjan, Andrew Rundle, Rachel Miller, Matthew Perzanowski, Karen Dannemiller, Brett Green
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
Association of Structural Entheseal Lesions With an Increased Risk of Progression From Psoriasis to Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: David Simon, Koray Tascilar, Arnd Kleyer, Sara Bayat, Eleni Kampylafka, Maria V. Sokolova, Ana Zekovic, Axel J. Hueber, Jürgen Rech, Louis Schuster, Klaus Engel, Michael Sticherling, Georg Schett
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2020)

To test whether the presence of structural entheseal lesions in psoriasis patients influences the risk of progression to psoriatic arthritis (PsA).We conducted a prospective cohort study of psoriasis patients without clinical evidence of musculoskeletal involvement who underwent baseline assessment of structural entheseal lesions and volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) at entheseal and intraarticular sites by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Adjusted relative risks of developing PsA associated with baseline vBMD and the presence of structural entheseal lesions were calculated using multivariable Cox regression models.The cohort included 114 psoriasis patients (72 men and 42 women) with a mean ± SD follow-up duration of 28.2 ± 17.7 months, during which 24 patients developed PsA (9.7 per 100 patient-years [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 6.2-14.5]). Patients with structural entheseal lesions were at higher risk of developing PsA compared to patients without such lesions (21.4 per 100 patient-years [95% CI 12.5-34.3]; hazard ratio [HR] 5.10 [95% CI 1.53-16.99], P = 0.008). With respect to vBMD, a 1-SD increase in entheseal, but not intraarticular, vBMD was associated with an ~30% reduced risk of progression to PsA. Especially, higher cortical vBMD at entheseal segments was associated with a lower risk of developing PsA (HR 0.32 per 1 SD [95% CI 0.14-0.71]), and the association remained robust after multiple imputation of missing data (HR 0.64 [95% CI 0.42-0.98]).The presence of structural entheseal lesions as well as low cortical vBMD at entheseal segments are associated with an increased risk of developing PsA in patients with psoriasis.
19P Her2 Extracellular Domain Levels in Patients With Her2-Positive Early Breast Cancer Experiencing Disease Progression: Case-Control Comparison of Samples from the Hera Study
Authors: M. Dowsett, M. Procter, E. de Azambuja, M.J. Scullion, R.D. Gelber, B. Leyland-Jones
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Embedding high-dimensional Bayesian optimization via generative modeling: Parameter personalization of cardiac electrophysiological models
Authors: Jwala Dhamala, Pradeep Bajracharya, Hermenegild J. Arevalo, John L. Sapp, B. Milan Horácek, Katherine C. Wu, Natalia A. Trayanova, Linwei Wang
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2020)
Incidence and risk factors for contralateral testicular tumor.
Authors: Joost Marijn Blok, Harmke J. Groot, Eline H. Huele, Ronald De Wit, Jourik A. Gietema, Gerard Groenewegen, Fred Witjes, Hetty Van den Berg, Janine Nuver, Jacqueline Maria Tromp, Peter De Brouwer, Tineke Jacoba Smilde, Maureen J.B. Aarts, Ben G.L. Vanneste, Ruud J.L.H. Bosch, Simon Horenblas, Michael Schaapveld, Richard P. Meijer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

419 Background: Patients with testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) are at increased risk of developing a metachronous contralateral testicular tumor (CLTT). It is unclear whether the histology of the primary tumor and treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy are associated with the risk of CLTT. The primary aim of this study was to analyze the association between number of chemotherapy cycles and risk of CLTT. Methods: We evaluated the incidence of metachronous CLTT (≥2 months after diagnosis of primary TGCT) in a nationwide cohort consisting of patients diagnosed with TGCT between 1989 and 2007. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were computed to compare CLTT incidence with TGCT in the general population and the cumulative incidence of CLTT was estimated. We analyzed the association between treatment with chemotherapy and risk of CLTT in a multivariate Cox-model. Results: The entire cohort consisted of 4,755 patients (seminoma: n=2,612; 54.9%, nonseminomatous germ cell tumor [NSGCT]: n=2,143; 45.1%). The median age at diagnosis was 33 years (IQR 26-40). A total of 1,047 patients (22.0%) were treated with platinum-based chemotherapy for their primary TGCT (seminoma: n=189, NSGCT: n=858). Median follow-up was 17.0 years (IQR 12.7-22.0). A CLTT was diagnosed in 136 patients. The median interval to CLTT diagnosis was 6.1 years (range 0.8-19.7). The overall 20-year cumulative incidence was 3.4% (95% CI 2.8-4.0) and was higher after seminoma (4.0%; 95% CI 3.3-4.9), compared to NSGCT (2.6%; 95% CI 1.9-3.4). The SIRs were for seminoma: 22.1 (95% CI 17.8-27.1), for NSGCT: 8.6 (95% CI 6.3-11.6) and for the entire cohort: 14.6 (95% CI 12.2-17.2). In multivariate analysis, the risk of developing a CLTT decreased with age (HR 0.93; 95% CI 0.90-0.96), was lower after NSGCT (HR 0.58; 95% CI 0.35-0.96), and decreased with every additional cycle of chemotherapy (HR 0.74; 0.64-0.85). This corresponds to a 26% lower risk of CLTT per extra chemotherapy cycle. Conclusions: TGCT patients have an almost 15 times higher risk of developing a CLTT, compared to the general population. The risk is 2 times higher after a seminoma, compared to NSGCT, and decreases with every additional cycle of chemotherapy. Especially in high risk patients, lifelong self-examination is advised.
Acute illness is a risk factor for impaired respiratory function during nurse-administered procedural sedation and analgesia in the cardiac catheterization laboratory [conference abstract]
Authors: Aaron Conway, John Rolley, Karen Page, Paul Fulbrook
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Abstract: Impaired respiratory function (IRF) during procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) poses considerable risk to patient safety as it can lead to inadequate oxygenation and ventilation. Risk factors that can be screened prior to the procedure have not been identified for the cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL).
Repurposing infectious disease vaccines for intratumoral immunotherapy
Authors: Ignacio Melero, Maria Gato, Tala Shekarian, Angela Aznar, Sandrine Valsesia-Wittmann, Christophe Caux, Iñaki Etxeberrria, Alvaro Teijeira, Aurelien Marabelle
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2020)

Intratumoral delivery of viruses and virus-associated molecular patterns can achieve antitumor effects that are largely mediated by the elicitation or potentiation of immune responses against the malignancy. Attenuated vaccines are approved and marketed as good manufactiring practice (GMP)-manufactured agents whose administration might be able to induce such effects. Recent reports in mouse transplantable tumor models indicate that the rotavirus, influenza and yellow fever vaccines can be especially suitable to elicit powerful antitumor immunity against cancer following intratumoral administration. These results highlight that intratumoral anti-infectious vaccines can turn cold tumors into hot, and underscore the key role played by virus-induced type I interferon pathways to overcome resistance to immune checkpoint-targeted antibodies.
Does size matter? Lesion size as an indicator of number of cores needed to detect clinically significant prostate cancer.
Authors: Amir H. Lebastchi, Luke P. O'Connor, Alex Z. Wang, Nitin Yerram, Sandeep Gurram, Graham Hale, Jonathon B. Bloom, Samuel A. Gold, Kareem N. Rayn, Sherif Mehralivand, Bradford J. Wood, Joanna H. Shih, Baris Turkbey, Peter A. Pinto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

283 Background: MRI/US fusion guided prostate biopsy (FBx) has been shown to detect clinically significant prostate cancer (csCaP) at higher rates and with fewer cores than standard prostate biopsy. Size plays an important role in assigning a suspicion level (PI-RADS) to lesions identified on MRI. However, tumor characteristics may pose challenges to accurately characterizing the lesion despite the size. This study sought to determine if there are size cutoffs at which a lesion may be accurately characterized as clinically significant cancer with a single biopsy core. Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of all patients undergoing FBx at an academic referral center between May 2014 and January 2018 was conducted. At least two FBx cores were taken from each lesion identified on mpMRI. GEE-based univariate logistic regression model with exchangeable correlation was used determine if size was a significant predictor of positive and negative agreement. Predictability of size as a significant continuous predictor was quantified by AUC. Size thresholds at which multiple cores per lesion are needed to avoid missing &gt; 2% of csCaP were calculated, allowing for a 25% discordance rate. Results: An analysis of a total of 1141 FBx of 2200 lesions was performed during the study time interval. Size was a significant predictor of both positive (OR = 2.43, 1.83-3.23, p &lt; 0.01) and negative (OR = 0.58, 0.44-0.76, p &lt; 0.01) agreement of csCaP. AUC% for positive and negative agreement was 65.8 and 57.6, respectively. Size thresholds of 0.65 and 1.70 cm limited CS cancers missed by skipping a second targeted biopsy core to 2% while allowing for a 25% discordance. Conclusions: These data indicate that clinically significant prostate cancer in lesions less than 0.65 cm and greater than 1.70 cm may be characterized with a single targeted biopsy core, sparing 33.5% of lesions (21% patients) a double core targeted biopsy.
Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: Discovery and Functional Analysis of Somatic Mutations Identified by Whole Exome Sequencing
Authors: Thanai Pongdee, Xing Li, Saurabh Baheti, Animesh Pardanani, Dong Chen, Julie Lau, Kay Bachman, Hirohito Kita
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
Individualized dosing schedule of sunitinib switched through plasma concentration monitoring in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Authors: Xudong Zhu, Xingming Zhang, Haoran Zhang, Yuchao Ni, Jindong Dai, Guangxi Sun, Sha Zhu, Junru Chen, Jinge Zhao, Zhipeng Wang, Hao Zeng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

694 Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the survival benefit and safety of switched dosing schedules for sunitinib in Chinese patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma through plasma concentration monitoring. Methods: One hundred and twelve patients with mRCC were enrolled who were treated with Sunitinib. Patients were classified into 3 groups: switched dosing schedule through plasma concentration monitoring (4/2-2/1 schedule, 4/2-2/1-individualized and 2/1-individualized schedule), switched dosing schedule empirically due to severe adverse events (AEs)(4/2-2/1 schedule) and dosing schedule without switching (initial 4/2 or 2/1 schedule).The blood samples of patients in monitoring group were collected at different medication points consecutively within one or two course of treatment. In monitoring group, dosing schedule was switched according to plasma concentration curve. For patients whose dosing schedule was switched empirically, the switching was from 4/2 to 2/1 schedule because of intolerance to initial 4/2 schedule. The survival benefit and safety were compared among these 3 groups. Results: From plasma concentration curves, dosing schedules were switched in 17 patients. The dosing schedule was switched from 4/2 to 2/1 in 37 patients empirically, while 58 patients were administrated with a 4/2 or 2/1 schedule without switching. Among the monitoring, empirical and initial group, the median PFS was 30.0,20.0 and 9.0 months,respectively(P = 0.001), and the median OS was not-reach, 37.0, and 18.0 months, respectively (p = 0.004). Moreover, patients with a switched schedule through monitoring had better tolerance after switching. The incidence of grade 3/4 AEs fell from 88.2% to 41.2% (p = 0.001).In empirical group, the incidence of grade 3/4 AEs fell from 73.0% to 37.8% (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Treatment-related toxicities could be minimized through plasma concentration monitoring. Patients with switched schedules by monitoring could achieve a better survival benefit.