tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P019: Insulin resistance indexes and lower heart rate variability in older adults: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC)
Authors: Anna K Poon, Eric Whitsel, Gerardo Heiss, Elsayed Soliman, Lynne Wagenknecht, Takeki Suzuki, Laura Loehr
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Lower heart rate variability (HRV) is an indicator of cardiac autonomic dysfunction which is associated with cardiovascular disease in diabetes. Whether pre-diabetes insulin resistance contributes to lower HRV is not clear; insulin resistance (IR) indexes reflect different aspects of IR, including dysregulation of glucose, insulin, and lipids. We hypothesized that IR indexes are inversely associated with HRV. Methods: We analyzed 48-hour ambulatory electrocardiograms on 759 adults in a sample of the ARIC Study, excluding diabetes, antiarrhythmic medications, and missing/poor quality recordings. Insulin resistance indexes were defined as quartiles for the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride to HDL-C ratio (TG/HDL-C), and triglyceride-glucose index (TyG). Low HRV was defined as &lt;25 th percentile for time domain measures -- including the standard deviation of all NN intervals (SDNN) and square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals (RMSSD), and frequency domain measures -- including the high-frequency (HF) and low-frequency (LF) spectral components. Logistic regression with weights for sampling and nonresponse was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (OR, 95% CI). Results: Mean age was 75 years [993 (63%) women, 688 (43%) African American]. The following results are reported for TyG. For time domain measures, high IR indexes were significantly associated with low SDNN (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.09, 3.07), but not with low RMSSD (OR 1.48, 95% CI 0.89, 2.46). For frequency domain measures, high IR indexes were not associated with low HF (OR 1.62, 95% CI 0.96, 2.74), but significantly associated with low LF (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.15, 3.30). Although results for other indexes were in the same direction, most were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Insulin resistance indexes may be inversely associated with HRV. An understanding of this relationship informs public health strategies for prevention of cardiovascular risk.
Prevalence of anaemia in children newly registered at UNRWA schools: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nada Abu Kishk, Majed Hababeh, Suha Saleh, Yassir Turki, Zohair el Khiteb, Nimer Kassim, Hasan Arab, Wafaa Zeidan, Akihiro Seita
Journal: The Lancet (2019)
Combining Circulating MicroRNA and NT-proBNP to Detect and Categorize Heart Failure Subtypes
Authors: Lee Lee Wong, Ruiyang Zou, Lihan Zhou, Jia Yuen Lim, Dominic C Y Phua, Chengcheng Liu, Jenny P C Chong, Jessica Y X Ng, Oi Wah Liew, Siew Pang Chan, Yei-Tsung Chen, Michelle M Y Chan, Poh Shuan D Yeo, Tze Pin Ng, Lieng H Ling, David Sim, Kui Toh G Leong, Hean Y Ong, Fazlur Jaufeerally, Raymond Wong, Ping Chai, Adrian F Low, Mayanna Lund, Gerry Devlin, Richard Troughton, Vicky A Cameron, Robert N Doughty, Carolyn S P Lam, Heng Phon Too, Arthur Mark Richards
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Effect of an Activated Charcoal Bag on Disposal of Unused Opioids After an Outpatient Surgical Procedure
Authors: Chad M. Brummett, Rena Steiger, Michael Englesbe, Caitlin Khalsa, Jennie J. DeBlanc, Lindsay R. Denton, Jennifer Waljee
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

This randomized clinical trial evaluates the postoperative drug-disposal practices of adults provided with a drug-deactivation bag in comparison with those who received usual care or a disposal information sheet.
BPI19-014: Standardization of a Survivorship Program: A Single Institution Experience
Authors: Bridgett Harr, Joanna Bodmann, Helen Tackitt
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

Background: Survivorship care (SC) has evolved since its inception, as there are many approaches to provide care for the cancer survivor. In review of disease-specific programs offered, it was determined there were varying levels of commitment and resources within the same institution. Due to Commission on Cancer (CoC) requirements for eligible patients to be offered SC, a project was undertaken to standardize SC by: (1) establishing a comprehensive, standardized assessment for SC, (2) delivering consistent SC across disease groups, (3) encouraging evidence-based multidisciplinary management, and (4) meeting CoC standards of SC plan (SCP) delivery. Methods: SC is delivered by embedded, disease-specific advanced practice providers (APPs). All patients receive a personalized SCP, along with general survivorship education. Due to differences in resources and survivorship expertise, not all patients receive the same care quality. An APP committee was created to review the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Survivorship and develop a comprehensive program. A questionnaire was created to address survivorship-specific concerns. An order set was created to highlight available resources. Additionally, evidence-based practice guidelines were created for each survivorship concern to assist the provider in identification and management. This was added to standard materials, and tailored education is given based on concerns identified during the visit. Referrals and orders are placed as appropriate. Results: Across the institution, SCP delivery is on track to meet CoC standards for 2018. A database has been developed to track and audit completion of SCP delivery. The standardized survivorship questionnaire was implemented to enhance the meaningfulness of the survivorship visit. This was executed during the 4th quarter of this year with review and revision underway. Conclusions: Standardized delivery of SC is improving with positive feedback from the patients. The survivorship questionnaire and supporting materials have been well-received by APP staff to assist in quality care. Some areas continue to lack adequate resources for implementation and will pose challenges in the future to meet accrual metrics. Future goals include creating pre-visit electronic questionnaires and repeat assessments to address survivors’ evolving needs. Prospective data will be collected on survivors to assess unmet needs and population differences.
Abstract 15292: Novel Approach to Prevent Systemic Inflammation Following Prolonged Cardiopulmonary Bypass Using Allogeneic Administration of Fetal Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rats
Authors: Tomofumi Taki, Akira Marui, Kenichi Yamahara, Masaki Funamoto, Hidetoshi Masumoto, Kazuhiro Yamazaki, Kenji Minakata, Tadashi Ikeda, Tomoaki Ikeda, Ryuzo Sakata
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background Systemic inflammation after prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) often causes serious multi-organ system dysfunction. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are reported to reduce inflammation and attenuate cell-mediated immune response. We have focused on fetal membranes (FMs) as an alternative source of MSC to provide a large number of cells and previously reported allogeneic administration of FM-MSCs attenuate autoimmune myocarditis (JMCC 2010), and glomerulonephritis (AJP 2010). The aim of this study was to investigate whether allogeneic FM-MSCs attenuate systemic inflammatory response in a rat CPB model. Methods and Results Male Lewis rats were randomly divided into two groups (n=7 each): CPB alone (control group) and CPB+MSCs (MSC group). Rat CPB models were established by arterial infusion through the left femoral artery and venous drainage through the right jugular vein into the right atrium, and the flow rate was adjusted to 50ml/kg/min and maintained for 30 minutes. In the MSC group, MSCs (1...
Utilization of bacterial cultures in dermatology
Authors: Amanda Bienenfeld, Efe Kakpovbia, Lauren Penn, Arielle R. Nagler
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2019)

To the Editor: Bacterial infections of skin and soft tissue are frequently encountered in dermatology clinics. Initial management of these infections might include incision and drainage, bacterial culture and sensitivities, and empiric antibiotic therapy.1 Choosing Wisely, an initiative to identify inappropriately utilized diagnostic tests, has targeted bacteria cultures for skin and soft tissue pathogens.2 The utilization and impact of bacterial cultures on patient management has not been studied in dermatology.
Abstract 19268: Robust Performance of LpPLA2 Activity in Predicting Cardiovascular Disease Risk in a National, Diverse, Sample
Authors: Suzanne E Judd, Kenneth Fang, Monika Safford, Mary Cushman
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: LpPLA2 activity increases in inflamed plaques associated with atherosclerotic disease. Elevated circulating LpPLA2 is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease but it is not known whether this risk is consistent across demographic and risk groups. Methods: We developed a case cohort study within the REasons for Geographic and Racial Disparities in Stroke (REGARDS) study. We included a random cohort sample (n=3719) derived from the 23,019 REGARDS participants who were free from stroke and cardiovascular disease at baseline in 2003-7. We used weighted Cox models to study the association between LpPLA2 activity and risk of cardiovascular disease. Acute CHD during complete follow up through 12/31/2010 was adjudicated by an expert committee and defined as definite or probable myocardial infarction (MI) not resulting in death within 28 days (nonfatal acute CHD) or fatal acute CHD. LpPLA2 activity was measured using the PLAC® Activity Test at Diadexus. LpPLA2 activity was dichotomized at the 80th percentile of gender specific activity. The cut-off for men was 250 and for women was 200 nmol/ml/min. Results: The cohort included black (46%) and white (54%) participants over age 45 and was 42% male. 565 cases of acute CHD were available for analysis. After controlling for race, age, sex, statin use, income, education, lipid profile, hypertension, diabetes, and history of smoking, elevated LpPLA2 activity was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease HR=1.52; 95% CI (1.21, 1.91). This result was consistent and not significantly different across demographic and risk categories (Table).The Net Reclassification Index was 13%, p&lt;0.001. Conclusions: LpPLA2 activity is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease among black and white men and women. The increased risk is observed even in participants at low risk of cardiovascular disease as defined by the Framingham risk function.
Transforming CAMHS: discordance between ambition and reality
Authors: Rajesh Varma
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Many are concerned about the provision of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS).1 The criteria for receiving these services are often stringently set to severe symptoms lasting more than three months. Regrettably, the vast majority of cases I see as a trainee general practitioner are rejected by CAMHS. Young people become further disheartened when trying to access the overburdened Improving Access …
Abstract 20461: Mesoderm/Mesenchyme Homeobox Gene L Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Modulation and Vascular Remodeling
Authors: Bing Wu, Lei Zhang, Junming Tang, Shiyou Chen, Jianing Wang
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Abstract Aims: To investigate the role of mesoderm/mesenchyme homeobox gene l (Meox1) in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) phenotypic modulation during vascular remodeling. Methods and Results: B...
CLO19-043: Assessing the Risk of Chemotherapy Toxicity and Hospital Admission Due to Toxicity
Authors: Samuel Malton
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

Background: Acute chemotherapy toxicity is common and can have negative effects for the patient and the health economy. Finding overall toxicity incidence for a typical teaching hospital population proved difficult, although a 2008 report into deaths within 30 days of chemotherapy found that 43% of patients who died reported a grade 3 or 4 toxicity (Mort D et al, available at: http://www.ncepod.org.uk/2008report3/Downloads/SACT_report.pdf ). At Nottingham University Hospitals (NUH), a Cancer Admissions and Triage Team was established, who undertake a telephone assessment 24 hours following the administration of a first cycle of chemotherapy, in which a proactive toxicity assessment is completed. This had the aim of reducing hospital admission due to toxicity through timely advice and intervention and allowed the accrual of data regarding reported toxicity. Methods: Data was obtained from the telephone assessment of acute toxicity 24 hours after administration of a first cycle of chemotherapy, once the service had been in use for 1 year. Descriptive statistics were produced to establish toxicity incidence and severity and hospital admission rates as well as length of stay. Regression modelling was used to identify predictors of the 4 outcome measures. The commonest toxicities were explored as secondary outcome measures. Results: 1,539 patients were studied, and the overall incidence of toxicity was 35.6%. Disease site and number of chemotherapy agents given were shown to predict toxicity, with breast and upper gastrointestinal cancers having a higher likelihood of toxicity. The more anticancer agents used, the higher the risk of toxicity. Disease was predictive of toxicity grade, with urology, gynecology, and lung patients experiencing higher grades of toxicity than other tumor sites. The rate of hospital admission due to toxicity was 13.1% and mean length of stay 4.4 days. The risk of admission had some risk factors in common with toxicity. Disease and the number of drugs in the regimen affected the risk of admission, with gynecology, head and neck, and lung cancer patients and patients who received 3 drugs having a higher likelihood of admission. No predictors could be reliably identified for length of stay. Predictors in the subgroups of breast, lower gastrointestinal, and lung cancers did not differ greatly from the whole population, and the number of drugs was shown to be a predictor of nausea, vomiting, and fatigue when explored as secondary outcomes. Conclusion: Predictors were identified for occurrence of toxicity, severity of toxicity, risk of hospital admission, but not for length of stay. Subgroup analyses were undertaken. The overall burden of acute chemotherapy toxicity of a heterogeneous population was elucidated.
Single agents vs combination chemotherapy in relapsed and refractory peripheral T‐cell lymphoma: Results from the comprehensive oncology measures for peripheral T‐cell lymphoma treatment (COMPLETE) registry
Authors: Robert N. Stuver, Niloufer Khan, Marc Schwartz, Mark Acosta, Massimo Federico, Christian Gisselbrecht, Steven M. Horwitz, Frederik Lansigan, Lauren C. Pinter‐Brown, Barbara Pro, Andrei R. Shustov, Francine M. Foss, Salvia Jain
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2019)

Single agents have demonstrated activity in relapsed and refractory (R/R) peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). Their benefit relative to combination chemotherapy remains undefined. Patients with histologically confirmed PTCL were enrolled in the Comprehensive Oncology Measures for Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma Treatment (COMPLETE) registry. Eligibility criteria included those with R/R disease who had received one prior systemic therapy and were given either a single agent or combination chemotherapy as first retreatment. Treatment results for those with R/R disease who received single agents were compared to those who received combination chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was best response to retreatment. Fifty-seven patients met eligibility criteria. At first retreatment, 46% (26/57) received combination therapy and 54.5% (31/57) received single agents. At median follow up of 2 years, a trend was seen towards increased complete response rate for single agents versus combination therapy (41% vs 19%; P = .02). There was also increased median overall survival (38.9 vs 17.1 months; P = .02) and progression-free survival (11.2 vs 6.7 months; P = .02). More patients receiving single agents received hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (25.8% vs 7.7%, P = .07). Adverse events of grade 3 or 4 occurred more frequently in those receiving combination therapy, although this was not statistically significant. The data confirm the unmet need for better treatment in R/R PTCL. Despite a small sample, the analysis shows greater response and survival in those treated with single agents as first retreatment in R/R setting, while maintaining the ability to achieve transplantation. Large, randomized trials are needed to identify the best strategy.
Novel Strategy to Accelerate Bone Regeneration of Calcium Phosphate Cement by Incorporating 3D Plotted Poly(lactic‐<i>co</i>‐glycolic acid) Network and Bioactive Wollastonite
Authors: Guowen Qian, Peirong Fan, Fupo He, Jiandong Ye
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

Inefficient bone regeneration of self-hardening calcium phosphate cement (CPC) increases the demand for interconnected macropores and osteogenesis-stimulated substances. It remains a challenge to fabricate porous CPC with interconnected macropores while maintaining its advantages, such as plasticity. Herein, pastes containing CPC and wollastonite (WS) are infiltrated into a 3D plotted poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) network to fabricate plastic CPC-based composite cement (PLGA/WS/CPC). The PLGA/WS/CPC recovers the plasticity of CPC after being heated above the glass transition temperature of PLGA. The presence of the 3D PLGA network significantly increases the flexibility of CPC in prophase and generates 3D interconnected macropores in situ upon its degradation. The addition of WS is helpful to improve the attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells in vitro. The in vivo experimental results indicate that PLGA/WS/CPC promotes rapid angiogenesis and bone formation. Therefore, the plastic CPC-based composite cement with a 3D PLGA network and wollastonite shows an obviously improved efficiency for repairing bone defects and is expected to facilitate the wider application of CPC in the clinic.
HSR19-100: CancerSupportSource®-15: Development and Evaluation of a Short Form of a Distress Screening Program for Cancer Survivors
Authors: Shauna McManus, Alexandra K. Zaleta, Melissa F. Miller, Joanne S. Buzaglo, Julie S. Olson, Sara Goldberger, Kevin Stein
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

Background: CancerSupportSource (CSS) is a 25-item distress screening tool implemented at community-based cancer support organizations and hospitals nationwide. CSS assesses distress over 5 domains: (1) emotional concerns (including depression and anxiety risk screening subscales), (2) symptom burden, (3) body and healthy lifestyle, (4) healthcare team communication, and (5) relationships. This study developed a short form of CSS and examined its psychometric properties. Methods: 2,379 cancer survivors enrolled in the Cancer Support Community’s Cancer Experience Registry. Participants provided demographic and clinical background and completed CSS-25 and PROMIS-29, a measure of health-related quality of life. Item reduction was conducted with a subsample of 1,435 survivors and included external item quality (correlations between items and PROMIS-29 scales), internal item quality (inter-item and inter-factor correlations, factor loadings and structure, and item communalities from an exploratory factor analysis of CSS-25), and professional judgement (ranking/prioritization of items by CSS-25 developers, accounting for theoretical and practical implications). Pearson correlations and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted on a separate subsample of 944 survivors to corroborate psychometric properties and dimensionality of the shortened scale. Results: Scale refinement resulted in a 15-item short form of CSS (CSS-15). At least 1 item from each of the 5 CSS-25 domains was retained to preserve multidimensionality, including anxiety and depression risk screening subscale items. Additionally, 1 item about tobacco/substance use was kept due to clinical significance for risk assessment. In confirmatory factor analysis, the model explained 59% of the variance and demonstrated good fit (RMSEA=0.068, 90% CI=0.061–0.075; SRMR=0.033; CFI=0.959; χ 2 (68)=334.75, P&lt;.001). Correlation between CSS-15 and CSS-25 was 0.986, P &lt;.001. Total distress was associated with PROMIS subscales ( r s=−.65–.75, p s&lt;.001); internal consistency reliability was excellent ( α =.92). Conclusions: CSS-15 is a brief, reliable, and valid multidimensional measure of distress. The reduced measure retained excellent internal consistency and a stable factor structure, while correlating well with CSS-25 and PROMIS-29. CSS-15 can serve as a practical tool to efficiently screen for distress among cancer patients and survivors.
Capecitabine compared with observation in resected biliary tract cancer (BILCAP): a randomised, controlled, multicentre, phase 3 study
Authors: John N Primrose, Richard P Fox, Daniel H Palmer, Hassan Z Malik, Raj Prasad, Darius Mirza, Alan Anthony, Pippa Corrie, Stephen Falk, Meg Finch-Jones, Harpreet Wasan, Paul Ross, Lucy Wall, Jonathan Wadsley, Jeff T R Evans, Deborah Stocken, Raaj Praseedom, Yuk Ting Ma, Brian Davidson, John P Neoptolemos, Tim Iveson, James Raftery, Shihua Zhu, David Cunningham, O James Garden, Clive Stubbs, Juan W Valle, John Bridgewater, JN Primrose, RP Fox, H Morement, O Chan, C Rees, YT Ma, T Hickish, S Falk, M Finch-Jones, I Pope, P Corrie, T Crosby, S Sothi, K Sharkland, D Adamson, L Wall, J Evans, J Dent, U Hombaiah, C Iwuji, A Anthoney, J Bridgewater, D Cunningham, R Gillmore, P Ross, S Slater, H Wasan, J Waters, JW Valle, D Palmer, H Malik, J Neoptolemos, O Faluyi, K Sumpter, U Dernedde, S Maduhusudan, G Cogill, C Archer, T Iveson, J Wadsley, S Darby, M Peterson, AA Mukhtar, JG Thorpe, A Bateman, D Tsang, S Cummins, L Nolan, E Beaumont, R Prasad, D Mirza, D Stocken, R Praseedom, B Davidson, J Raftery, S Zhu, J Garden, C Stubbs, F Coxon
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2019)
Stratification of asthma phenotypes by airway proteomic signatures
Authors: James P.R. Schofield, Dominic Burg, Ben Nicholas, Fabio Strazzeri, Joost Brandsma, Doroteya Staykova, Caterina Folisi, Aruna T. Bansal, Yang Xian, Yike Guo, Anthony Rowe, Julie Corfield, Susan Wilson, Jonathan Ward, Rene Lutter, Dominick E. Shaw, Per S. Bakke, Massimo Caruso, Sven-Erik Dahlen, Stephen J. Fowler, Ildikó Horváth, Peter Howarth, Norbert Krug, Paolo Montuschi, Marek Sanak, Thomas Sandström, Kai Sun, Ioannis Pandis, John Riley, Charles Auffray, Bertrand De Meulder, Diane Lefaudeux, Ana R. Sousa, Ian M. Adcock, Kian Fan Chung, Peter J. Sterk, Paul J. Skipp, Ratko Djukanović, H. Ahmed, D. Allen, P. Badorrek, S. Ballereau, F. Baribaud, A. Bedding, A.F. Behndig, A. Berglind, A. Berton, J. Bigler, M.J. Boedigheimer, K. Bønnelykke, P. Brinkman, A. Bush, D. Campagna, C. Casaulta, A. Chaiboonchoe, T. Davison, B. De Meulder, I. Delin, P. Dennison, P. Dodson, L. El Hadjam, D. Erzen, C. Faulenbach, K. Fichtner, N. Fitch, E. Formaggio, M. Gahlemann, G. Galffy, D. Garissi, T. Garret, J. Gent, E. Guillmant-Farry, E. Henriksson, U. Hoda, J.M. Hohlfeld, X. Hu, A. James, K. Johnson, N. Jullian, G. Kerry, M. Klüglich, R. Knowles, J.R. Konradsen, K. Kretsos, L. Krueger, A.-S. Lantz, C. Larminie, P. Latzin, D. Lefaudeux, N. Lemonnier, L.A. Lowe, R. Lutter, A. Manta, A. Mazein, L. McEvoy, A. Menzies-Gow, N. Mores, C.S. Murray, K. Nething, U. Nihlén, R. Niven, B. Nordlund, S. Nsubuga, J. Pellet, C. Pison, G. Praticò, M. Puig Valls, K. Riemann, J.P. Rocha, C. Rossios, G. Santini, M. Saqi, S. Scott, N. Sehgal, A. Selby, P. Söderman, A. Sogbesan, F. Spycher, S. Stephan, J. Stokholm, M. Sunther, M. Szentkereszty, L. Tamasi, K. Tariq, S. Valente, W.M. van Aalderen, C.M. van Drunen, J. Van Eyll, A. Vyas, W. Yu, W. Zetterquist, Z. Zolkipli, A.H. Zwinderman
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)