tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NUMBER OF STENTS PREDICTS THE RISK OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS AND EARLY COMPLICATIONS IN HILAR BILIARY DRAINAGE: SUGGESTIONS FROM A LARGE SINGLE CENTER STUDY
Authors: N Mezzina, F Caillol, JP Ratone, C Pesenti, A Dell’Era, J Winckler, M Giovannini
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims In case of malignant hilar biliary stenosis, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP), percutaneous-biliary drainage (PTBD) and endoscopic ultrasound biliary drainage (EUS-BD), can ensure a good biliary drainage, which is crucial for survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the complications risk factors of these drainages.
Coronary Artery Calcium Score–Guided Statin Therapy for Primary Prevention in African American Adults—One Size Does Not Fit All
Authors: Eméfah Loccoh, Dhruv S. Kazi
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2020)

A beloved college statistics professor walked into class one day and announced, “Statistics is the science that says that if your head is on fire and your feet are on ice then, on average, you are quite comfortable.”
DUODENAL FOLICULAR LYMPHOMA ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL RESECTION WITH BAND LIGATION
Authors: I Miguel, E Pijoan, L Puñal, A Vargas, G Torres, M Alburquerque, N Torres, L Guerrero, M Planella, F Gonzalez-Huix
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

69-year-old man who underwent gastroscopy for dyspepsia that founded a 1cm granular lesion in second duodenal portion, next to papilla. Biopsies diagnosed a low-grade follicular lymphoma. Extension study was performed which did not find local or distant spread. After assessment with haematology and general surgery, it was decided to perform an endoscopic submucosal resection with band ligation (Captivator system). In bloc resection was not possible, that’s why we performed a piece-meal resection in 2 pieces. Previously, the lesion extend was marked-off with argon and submucosal infiltration was performed with glycerol-indigocarmin. 2 years follow-up, the patient is still in complete remission.
ANALYSIS OF GENE MUTATION IN EARLY SPORADIC DIFFUSE-TYPE GASTRIC CANCER BASED ON HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION STATUS THROUGH WHOLE-EXOME SEQUENCING
Authors: K Namikawa, J Fujisaki, S Mori
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Helicobacter pylori (HP) is the most important etiologic factor for gastric cancer, however, diffuse-type gastric cancer (DGC) occurs independently of HP infection and its pathogenicity remains unclear. We aimed to identify more contributory mutations of the driver gene to DGC initiation through genome analysis in early DGC without HP infection. Furthermore, we aimed to discover differences in mutation between HP-uninfected and HP-infected early DGC.
THE MACRODILATATION OF THE SPHINCTER OF ODDI OR SPHINCTEROPLASTY IN THE TREATMENT OF LARGE STONES OF THE MAIN BILE DUCT ABOUT A MOROCCAN POPULATION
Authors: I Elkoti, K Loubaris, R Berraida, S Lmrabti, H Boutalaka, A Sair, A Bendehmane, S Jamal, T Adajou, O Mohamed, S Sentissi, H Seddik, A Benkirane
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Sphincteroplasty is a large dilatation of the papilla which completes an endoscopic sphincterotomy . The aim of this work is to evaluate the results and complications of sphincteroplasty and associated factors.
Immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 and mechanisms of immunopathological changes in COVID‐19
Authors: Ahmet Kursat Azkur, Mübeccel Akdis, Dilek Azkur, Milena Sokolowska, Willem van de Veen, Marie‐Charlotte Brüggen, Liam O’Mahony, Yadong Gao, Kari Nadeau, Cezmi A. Akdis
Journal: Allergy (2020)

As a zoonotic disease that has already spread globally to several million human beings and possibly to domestic and wild animals, eradication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appears practically impossible. There is a pressing need to improve our understanding of the immunology of this disease to contain the pandemic by developing vaccines and medicines for the prevention and treatment of patients. In this review, we aim to improve our understanding on the immune response and immunopathological changes in patients linked to deteriorating clinical conditions such as cytokine storm, acute respiratory distress syndrome, autopsy findings and changes in acute-phase reactants, and serum biochemistry in COVID-19. Similar to many other viral infections, asymptomatic disease is present in a significant but currently unknown fraction of the affected individuals. In the majority of the patients, a 1-week, self-limiting viral respiratory disease typically occurs, which ends with the development of neutralizing antiviral T cell and antibody immunity. The IgM-, IgA-, and IgG-type virus-specific antibodies levels are important measurements to predict population immunity against this disease and whether cross-reactivity with other coronaviruses is taking place. High viral load during the first infection and repeated exposure to virus especially in healthcare workers can be an important factor for severity of disease. It should be noted that many aspects of severe patients are unique to COVID-19 and are rarely observed in other respiratory viral infections, such as severe lymphopenia and eosinopenia, extensive pneumonia and lung tissue damage, a cytokine storm leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiorgan failure. Lymphopenia causes a defect in antiviral and immune regulatory immunity. At the same time, a cytokine storm starts with extensive activation of cytokine-secreting cells with innate and adaptive immune mechanisms both of which contribute to a poor prognosis. Elevated levels of acute-phase reactants and lymphopenia are early predictors of high disease severity. Prevention of development to severe disease, cytokine storm, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and novel approaches to prevent their development will be main routes for future research areas. As we learn to live amidst the virus, understanding the immunology of the disease can assist in containing the pandemic and in developing vaccines and medicines to prevent and treat individual patients.
Early Percutaneous Tracheotomy Versus Prolonged Intubation of Mechanically Ventilated Patients After Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Jean-Louis Trouillet, Charles-Edouard Luyt, Marguerite Guiguet, Alexandre Ouattara, Elisabeth Vaissier, Ralouka Makri, Ania Nieszkowska, Pascal Leprince, Alain Pavie, Jean Chastre, Alain Combes
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Studies have reached conflicting conclusions about whether early tracheotomy improves outcomes of patients who require prolonged mechanical ventilation. In this randomized trial of patients still r...
Tale of three seeding patterns of SARS-CoV-2 in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ziad A Memish, Nawfal Aljerian, Shahul H Ebrahim
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020)

acceleration of cases seen in the eastern region (99 cases per 100 000).Per 100 000 population, Mecca and Riyadh had 17 cases and eight cases, respectively, on April 2. Saudi Arabia's ten quarantined student evacuees from China were reported on Feb 16 to have tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. 2 The country's suspension of pilgrimage visas for international visitors on Feb 27 and for all people by March 4 probably helped delay detection of the first case in the Mecca region until March 10.Saudi Arabia implemented comprehensive pandemic mitigation efforts 3 incrementally during March 8-21.In the early phase of the epidemic, the high proportion of COVID-19 diagnoses in the Riyadh region that were among Saudi nationals (67%) might have resulted from entry restrictions on non-Saudi people and increases in returning Saudi citizens who might have been exposed overseas.The outbreak in the eastern region was reported on March 10 among four returning Saudi pilgrims.Saudi Arabia had not recognised
Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins induce FOXP3 in neoplastic T cells in Sézary syndrome
Authors: Andreas Willerslev-Olsen, Terkild B. Buus, Claudia Nastasi, Edda Blümel, Maria Gluud, Charlotte M. Bonefeld, Carsten Geisler, Lise M. Lindahl, Maarten Vermeer, Mariusz A. Wasik, Lars Iversen, Jürgen C. Becker, Mads Hald Andersen, Lise M. R. Gjerdrum, Ivan V. Litvinov, Thomas Litman, Thorbjørn Krejsgaard, Anders Woetmann, Niels Ødum
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2020)

Sézary syndrome (SS) is a heterogeneous leukemic subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) with generalized erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, and a poor prognosis. Advanced disease is invariably associated with severe immune dysregulation and the majority of patients die from infectious complications caused by microorganisms such as, Staphylococcus aureus, rather than from the lymphoma per se. Here, we examined if staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) may shape the phenotype of malignant SS cells, including expression of the regulatory T-cell-associated marker FOXP3. Our studies with primary and cultured malignant cells show that SE induce expression of FOXP3 in malignant cells when exposed to nonmalignant cells. Mutations in the MHC class II binding domain of SE-A (SEA) largely block the effect indicating that the response relies at least in part on the MHC class II-mediated antigen presentation. Transwell experiments show that the effect is induced by soluble factors, partly blocked by anti-IL-2 antibody, and depends on STAT5 activation in malignant cells. Collectively, these findings show that SE stimulate nonmalignant cells to induce FOXP3 expression in malignant cells. Thus, differences in exposure to environmental factors, such as bacterial toxins may explain the heterogeneous FOXP3 expression in malignant cells in SS.
BMA threatens legal action over coroner’s advice over death verification
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The BMA has threatened the chief coroner of the county of Essex with legal action unless guidance for local GPs—which states that only healthcare workers could verify deaths in the region—is withdrawn.

In April, as the covid-19 pandemic escalated, Essex senior coroner Caroline Beasley-Murray wrote to local GPs instructing them that it was only acceptable for healthcare workers to verify expected deaths, and that this must be done in person.

But in a letter to the coroner, BMA lawyers said that the direction is contrary to English law, which states that any competent adult can …
PREDICTORS FOR FINDING LESIONS IN SMALL BOWEL BY ENTEROSCOPY AFTER A POSITIVE CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY
Authors: JM Blancas-Valencia, G Blanco-Velasco, LF García-Contreras, OV Hernández-Mondragón
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Several studies had evaluated the concordance between capsule endoscopy (CE) and overtube-assisted enteroscopy (OAE) with inconsistent results and some miss lesions in either procedure. The aim of this study is to identify the factors that predict the visualization of small bowel lesions by enteroscopy after a positive capsule endoscopy
EFFECT OF HISTOLOGICAL EXAMINATION ON DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY IN ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION
Authors: SJ Choi, CD Kim, KW Lee, SH Kim, HJ Jeon, JM Lee, HS Choi, ES Kim, B Keum, YT Jeen, HJ Chun, HS Lee
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Diagnostic yield of EUS-FNA for pancreatic lesions varies around 70-90%, affected by many factors including tissue processing.In order to increase the diagnostic accuracy, we evaluated the effect of histological examination of core tissues acquired from EUS-FNA.
VALIDATION OF AN ONLINE LEARNING TOOL FOR OPTICAL DIAGNOSIS OF DIMINUTIVE COLORECTAL POLYPS
Authors: MB Balén, NF Fernández, L de Castro, B Romero, AR de Jesus, JD de Castro, JM Herrero, F Baiocchi, M Puga, L Rivas, B Peñas, ER de Santiago, M Aicart, C Senosiain, PD Redondo, H Nuñez, M de Benito, FJG Alonso, B Dobarro, DR Remedios, N Pin, S Vazquez, L Cid, YP Garcia, V Hernandez, P Estevez, A Martinez, S Lopez, M Sierra, S Parejo, A Sanahuja, MP Ballester, M Bañuls, P Vazquez, G Pacheco, G Cordon, S Bejar, MF de la Varga, HADO Study Group
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims 1) To assess the efficacy of an online self-learning tool for OD of diminutive colorectal polyps; 2) To describe in detail the learning process and possible variables related to learning efficacy.
EUS-FNB WITH VERSUS WITHOUT ROSE: INTERIM ANALYSIS OF AN INTERNATIONAL RANDOMIZED NON-INFERIORITY STUDY
Authors: SF Crinò, RD Mitri, NQ Nguyen, GD Nucci, P Deprez, I Tarantino, S Carrara, M Kitano, JW Poley, V Shami, A Ginés, F Baldaque-Silva, T Itoi, J Iglesias-Garcia, A Scarpa, A Gabbrielli, E Manfrin, A Larghi
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims To assess if the need of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) during EUS-FNB of solid pancreatic lesions (SPLs) can be overcome by the high diagnostic accuracy of new devices.
ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION IN IBD PATIENT: WHERE ARE WE?
Authors: S Leblanc, J Jacques, M Pioche, T Wallenhorst, JB Cheveaux, E Chabrun, V Lepilliez, S Chaussade
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims ESD of neoplastic lesions in IBD patients remains controversial. Data are very limited, with recent, retrospective series, exclusively limited to UC patients. The aim of this study is to clarify the contribution of ESD in IBD patients in terms of curative endoscopic resection. Secondary objectives are rate of complications, technical success, and endoscopic follow-up.
Intravenous Iron and Erythropoietin for Anemia Associated with Crohn Disease
Authors: Christoph Gasche
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Background: Anemia often complicates Crohn disease and affects quality of life. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous iron alone and in combination with erythropoietin for the treatment of anemia associated with Crohn disease. Design: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with a subsequent open-label phase. Setting: University-based gastroenterology outpatient clinic. Patients: 40 patients with Crohn disease and a hemoglobin concentration of 10.5 g/dL or less. Intervention: All patients received intravenous iron saccharate for 16 weeks. During the blinded phase of the trial, they received either erythropoietin or placebo. During the open phase, the erythropoietin dose was increased in nonresponders who had received erythropoietin and erythropoietin therapy was initiated in nonresponders who had received placebo. Measurements: Response was defined as an increase in hemoglobin concentration of 2 g/dL or more. Results: 15 of 20 patients in the placebo group (75% [95% CI, 51% to 91%]) and 18 of 19 patients in the erythropoietin group (95% [CI, 74% to 100%]) responded to intravenous iron (P = 0.20). The erythropoietin group had a higher cumulative response rate (P = 0.036) and a more pronounced mean increase in hemoglobin concentration (4.9 g/dL in the erythropoietin group compared with 3.3 g/dL in the placebo group, a difference of 1.6 g/dL [CI, 0.6 g/dL to 2.5 g/dL]; P = 0.004). In the open phase, all 6 previous nonresponders had a response. Hematologic response was associated with improved quality of life (P = 0.03). Conclusions: Most patients who have anemia associated with Crohn disease respond to intravenous iron alone. Erythropoietin has additional effects on hemoglobin concentrations.
Percutaneous Ablation Versus Partial and Radical Nephrectomy for T1a Renal Cancer
Authors: Adam D. Talenfeld, Renee L. Gennarelli, Elena B. Elkin, Coral L. Atoria, Jeremy C. Durack, William C. Huang, Sharon W. Kwan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Percutaneous ablation is an image-guided, nephron-sparing, nonsurgical treatment for small renal tumors. In an observational cohort analysis, the authors compared survival, complications, and incid...
Sitters as a Patient Safety Strategy to Reduce Hospital Falls
Authors: Adela M. Greeley, Elizabeth P. Tanner, Selene Mak, Meron M. Begashaw, Isomi M. Miake-Lye, Paul G. Shekelle
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

This systematic review examines 20 studies that evaluated whether adding sitters to usual care or using alternatives to sitters (such as video monitors or close observation units) reduced falls in ...
EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY OF ENDOSCOPIC BALLOON DILATION OF ILEOCOLONIC ANASTOMOTIC STRICTURES IN PATIENTS WITH CROHN´S DISEASE: A MULTICENTRIC RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: M Lukas, M Kolar, M Vasatko, P Klvana, V Leksa, J Dyntr, L Baca, B Pipek, B Bahnikova, S Summerova
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Ileocolonic resection is common in Crohn´s disease (CD). However, stricture formation in the anastomosis is a frequent cause of morbidity and surgery. Endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) is an established modality for non-surgical treatment of these strictures, however, summary data from the Czech Republic are lacking.
ENDOSCOPIC INTERNAL DRAINAGE (EID) OF SUTURE-LINE DEHISCENCE POST-LAPAROSCOPIC GASTRIC SLEEVE (LGS): SIMPLER THAN ENDOSCOPIC VACUUM THERAPY (EVT) AND MORE EFFECTIVE THAN INTRALUMINAL COVERED SEMS
Authors: JT Tejada, RN Nuñoz, EF Valenzuela, M De Benito Sanz, RSO Hernández, M Pérez-Miranda
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Introduction EVT improves outcomes over SEMS for endotherapy of postoperative leaks but requires repeated procedures. We show simplified EID using transmural double-pig-tail stents.
Atezolizumab with or without chemotherapy in metastatic urothelial cancer (IMvigor130): a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial
Authors: Matthew D Galsky, José Ángel Arranz Arija, Aristotelis Bamias, Ian D Davis, Maria De Santis, Eiji Kikuchi, Xavier Garcia-del-Muro, Ugo De Giorgi, Marina Mencinger, Kouji Izumi, Stefano Panni, Mahmut Gumus, Mustafa Özgüroğlu, Arash Rezazadeh Kalebasty, Se Hoon Park, Boris Alekseev, Fabio A Schutz, Jian-Ri Li, Dingwei Ye, Nicholas J Vogelzang, Sandrine Bernhard, Darren Tayama, Sanjeev Mariathasan, Almut Mecke, AnnChristine Thåström, Enrique Grande
Journal: The Lancet (2020)
Checklists Combined—Achieving More Than the Sum of the Parts
Authors: Martin Almquist, Bobby Tingstedt
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

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ISOLATED TERMINAL ILEITIS – WHEN CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY IS KEY FOR CROHN’S DISEASE DIAGNOSIS
Authors: M Freitas, TC Gonçalves, PB Carvalho, FD de Castro, B Rosa, MJ Moreira, J Cotter
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Terminal ileitis (TI) is a common condition in clinical practice and may be associated with a wide variety of diseases, mostly Crohn’s disease (CD). Data regarding predictors of CD diagnosis in isolated TI are lacking, particularly concerning small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) findings.
FLUOROSCOPY GUIDED POEM IN A SIGMOID ESOPHAGUS
Authors: H Uchima, I Marin, J Colan, EN Caballero, A Aguilar, I Iborra, M Calafat, M Mañosa, E Domenech, VM de Vega
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

A 32 years female with long history type I Achalasia with previous Heller. Clinical relapse and radiologic Sigmoid Esophagus.
Diagnostic Accuracy of [11C]PIB Positron Emission Tomography for Detection of Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Sara Rosengren, Tor Skibsted Clemmensen, Lars Tolbod, Sven-Olof Granstam, Hans Eiskjær, Gerhard Wikström, Ola Vedin, Tanja Kero, Mark Lubberink, Hendrik J. Harms, Frank A. Flachskampf, Tomasz Baron, Kristina Carlson, Fabian Mikkelsen, Gunnar Antoni, Niels Frost Andersen, Steen Hvitfeldt Poulsen, Jens Sörensen
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)
LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF PARKINSON´S DISEASE PATIENTS TREATED WITH PEG-J DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: I Boeva, P Karagyozov, I Tishkov
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims To establish the incidence of post-procedural (early) and device-related (late) adverse events in patients treated with the PEG-J delivery system for their Parkinson’s disease.
‘EXFOLIATIVE’ COLITIS DURING METHOTREXATE PLUS GOLIMUMAB TREATMENT
Authors: SM Milluzzo, N Olivari, C Spada
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Many drugs and chemical agents can cause colitis, producing clinical signs and symptoms which can simulate organic colonic diseases (i.e. Crohn’s disease, infectious enteritis). Since histopathological features of iatrogenic colitis are not specific, the diagnosis is often difficult and can be suggested by a temporal relationship between beginning of a new medication and symptoms and by improvement with withdrawal and/or relapse with a re-challenge of the suspected agent.
RISK FACTORS AND OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH ENDOSCOPIC VARICEAL BAND LIGATION INDUCED ULCERS
Authors: D Bowles, O Crosbie, S Zulquernain, J Doherty, C Kiat
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims The aim of this retrospective study was to highlight the risk factors and outcomes associated with endoscopic variceal band ligation (EVBL) induced ulcers.
Liver Transplantation Following Yttrium‐90 Radioembolization: 15‐Year Experience in 207‐Patient Cohort
Authors: Ahmed Gabr, Laura Kulik, Samdeep Mouli, Ahsun Riaz, Rehan Ali, Kush Desai, Ronald A. Mora, Daniel Ganger, Haripriya Maddur, Steven Flamm, Justin Boike, Christopher Moore, Bartley Thornburg, Ali Alasadi, Talia Baker, Daniel Borja‐Cacho, Nitin Katariya, Daniela P. Ladner, Juan Carlos Caicedo, Robert J. Lewandowski, Riad Salem
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Radioembolization (yttrium-90 [Y90]) is used in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as a bridging as well as downstaging liver-directed therapy to curative liver transplantation (LT). In this study, we report long-term outcomes of LT for patients with HCC who were bridged/downstaged by Y90.Patients undergoing LT following Y90 between 2004 and 2018 were included, with staging by United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) tumor-node-metastasis criteria at baseline pre-Y90 and pre-LT. Post-Y90 toxicities were recorded. Histopathological data of HCC at explant were recorded. Long-term outcomes, including overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), disease-specific mortality (DSM), and time-to-recurrence, were reported. Time-to-endpoint analyses were estimated using Kaplan-Meier. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using a log-rank test and Cox proportional-hazards model, respectively. During the 15-year period, 207 patients underwent LT after Y90. OS from LT was 12.5 years, with a median time to LT of 7.5 months [interquartile range, 4.4-10.3]. A total of 169 patients were bridged, whereas 38 were downstaged to LT. Respectively, 94 (45%), 60 (29%), and 53 (26%) patients showed complete, extensive, and partial tumor necrosis on histopathology. Three-year, 5-year, and 10-year OS rates were 84%, 77%, and 60%, respectively. Twenty-four patients developed recurrence, with a median RFS of 120 (95% confidence interval, 69-150) months. DSM at 3, 5, and 10 years was 6%, 11%, and 16%, respectively. There were no differences in OS/RFS for patients who were bridged or downstaged. RFS was higher in patients with complete/extensive versus partial tumor necrosis (P < 0.0001). For patients with UNOS T2 treated during the study period, 5.2% dropped out because of disease progression.Y90 is an effective treatment for HCC in the setting of bridging/downstaging to LT. Patients who achieved extensive or complete necrosis had better RFS, supporting the practice of neoadjuvant treatment before LT.