tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 13520: Empagliflozin Reduces Markers of Arterial Stiffness, Vascular Resistance and Cardiac Workload in EMPA-REG OUTCOME
Authors: Robert J Chilton, Lars Gullestad, David Fitchett, Silvio E Inzucchi, Michaela Mattheus, Hans Juergen Woerle, Odd Erik Johansen
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: In EMPA-REG OUTCOME ® , empagliflozin added to standard of care in patients with type 2 diabetes and established vascular disease, significantly reduced the primary composite outcome of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction or non-fatal stroke, a result driven mainly by a 38% reduction in CV death. We aimed to assess the vascular effects of empagliflozin in the trial, beyond its recognized effects in reducing systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP). Hypothesis: We hypothesized that empagliflozin reduced 1) pulse pressure (PP), a vascular marker of arterial stiffness determined by the cardiac output, the stiffness of elastic central arteries and wave reflection (PP = SBP - DBP), 2) mean arterial pressure (MAP), a measure reflecting the cardiac cycle determined by the cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, and central venous pressure (MAP = ([2 x diastolic BP]+ systolic BP)/3), and 3) the double product (DP), a marker of cardiac workload and an indirect measure of myocardial oxygen demand (DP = heart rate x SBP). Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes and high CV risk were randomised to receive placebo, empagliflozin 10 mg, or empagliflozin 25 mg in addition to standard of care. We analysed changes from baseline to week 164 for SBP, DBP, HR, PP, MAP and DP, between treatment and placebo groups using a mixed model repeated measures analysis. Results: In total, 2333, 2345 and 2342 patients received placebo, empagliflozin 10 mg and empagliflozin 25 mg, respectively and followed for a median period of 3.1 years. There were nominal significantly greater reductions in PP, MAP and DP with empagliflozin treatment as compared with placebo (Table), without increases in mean HR (Table). Conclusions: Empagliflozin had favorable effects on BP, arterial stiffness, vascular resistance and on the indirect measure of cardiac workload. Further analyses are needed to determine the potential contribution of these changes to the reduction in CV mortality.
Clinical Significance of Occult Central Nervous System Disease in Adult ACUTE Lymphoblastic Leukemia. a Multicenter,Report from the Campus ALL/Gimema Network
Authors: Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Elisa Buzzati, Fabio Forghieri, Federica Lessi, Silvia Imbergamo, Enrico Orciulo, Giovanni Rossi, Nicola Fracchiolla, Silvia Trappolini, Benedetta Neri, Chiara Sarlo, Patrizia Zappasodi, Michelina Dargenio, Mariagiovanna Cefalo, Maria irno Consalvo, Gottardo De Angelis, Mariarita Sciumè, Irene Della Starza, Anna Guarini, Robin Foà
Journal: Blood (2018)
Redesigning an education project for child friendly radio: a multisectoral collaboration to promote children’s health, education, and human rights after a humanitarian crisis in Sierra Leone
Authors: Sarah Barnett, Jetske van Dijk, Abdulai Swaray, Tamba Amara, Patricia Young
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Sarah Barnett and colleagues describe how an educational project was rapidly adapted into a radio education programme after the 2014 Ebola epidemic in Sierra Leone
FRI0071 Outcomes from rheumatology and reproductive health clinic 2013–2016
Authors: K. Murray, L. Moore, C. O’Brien, A. Clohessy, C. Brophy, P. Minnock, A.B. Mongey, E. Molloy, O. FitzGerald, S. Higgins, M. Higgins, F. McAuliffe, D.J. Veale
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> A multidisciplinary approach to pregnancy in women with rheumatic diseases will ensure best outcomes for mother and baby.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> In 2013, we developed a dedicated nurse-led multidisciplinary Rheumatology Reproductive Health Clinic (RRHC) in order to provide a multidisciplinary service. <h3>Methods</h3> 98 women attended the RRHC from January 2013–16. They were prospectively assessed for age, diagnosis, medications, use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) and pregnancy outcomes. <h3>Results</h3> The mean (range) age was 35 years.<sup>19–48</sup> The majority of patients had rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis. The characteristics of the patients is summarised in table 1 and their outcomes in table 2. 24 women were on a biologic DMARD therapy at the time of conception. 10 discontinued in the first semester and 5 in the second trimester. 9 continued throughout their pregnancies. 90% of women surveyed were "very satisfied" with the physical and emotional support received in the clinic. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This is the first report of results from a multidisciplinary RRHC. These data show high levels of successful pregnancy outcomes and patient satisfaction. The majority of patients had an inflammatory arthritis. Successful pregnancy outcomes were achieved in 70% of women actively trying to conceive. 38% of patients on biologic DMARDS continued these throughout pregnancy. There were comparable miscarriage rates observed when compared with the general population (14% versus 20%).<sup>2</sup>. Breastfeeding rates were low at 28% compared to the figure of 55% for the general population in Ireland.<sup>3</sup>. Most patients were "very satisfied" with the service. <h3>References</h3> [1] Götestam Skorpen C, et al. The EULAR points to consider for use of antirheumatic drugs before pregnancy, and during pregnancy and lactation. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases2016;75(5):795–810. [2] Weintraub, et al. An initial miscarriage is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in the following pregnancy. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology2011;205(3):286.e1-e5. [3] Leahy-Warren P, et al. Normalising breastfeeding within a formula feeding culture: An Irish qualitative study. Women and Birth2017;30(2):e103-e10. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Abstract 15598: Brain Activity Within Regions Involved in Stress Perception Associates Directly With Vascular Inflammation by 18-FDG PET/CT in a Resource-limited, Community-based Population
Authors: Joshua P Rivers, Valerie Mitchell, Abhishek Chaturvedi, Aditya A Joshi, Amit K Dey, Faren Grant, Joel Adu-Brimpong, Samantha Thomas, Chaarushi Ahuja, Nehal N Mehta, Tiffany M Powell-Wiley
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Psychosocial stress and depression correlate with cardiovascular (CV) events; however, association of objective physiologic measures of these psychological stressors with the development of CV disease is unclear. Thus, we examined the relationship between resting-state stress perception center activation, as measured by amygdala FDG uptake, and vascular inflammation (VI) by 18-FDG PET/CT in a resource-limited community-based (CB) cohort. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that amygdala activity by FDG uptake would directly associate with VI by 18-FDG PET/CT in a resource-limited CB cohort. Methods: Patients from the Washington, D.C. Cardiovascular Health and Needs Assessment, an assessment in predominantly African-American churches in resource-limited D.C. areas, underwent detailed phenotyping with cardiometabolic markers and whole-body 18-FDG PET/CT to measure VI and stress perception center activity (amygdala activity). Results: The cohort (N=31) was consecutively recruited, African American, middl...
Quantity and Reporting Quality of Kidney Research
Authors: Markos Kyriakos Tomidis Chatzimanouil, Louise Wilkens, Hans-Joachim Anders
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2018)

Background In 2004, researchers reported that the number of nephrology clinical trials was low and that the reporting quality of such trials was suboptimal. Furthermore, the number or quality of preclinical kidney-related studies has not been systematically evaluated. Methods We performed a systematic review of randomized clinical trials published in 1966–2017 (listed in the Cochrane Library) and preclinical studies published in 1945–2017 (listed in PubMed). For reporting quality analysis, we evaluated the final main paper of 118 clinical trial reports and 135 preclinical studies published in leading journals in 1996, 2006, and 2016 on the basis of criteria from the widely used CONSORT and ARRIVE guidelines. Results The annual number of reports of clinical kidney-related trials more than doubled between 2004 and 2014 along with reports in other medical disciplines. Hypertension remains the dominant focus of study, but ongoing trials also center on CKD, ESRD, and AKI. The reporting quality analysis revealed improvements, but deficits in reporting of clinical trial design, mode of randomization, and intention-to-treat analysis remain. Annual numbers of kidney-related preclinical studies remained low between 1945 and 2017 compared with other disciplines. Reporting quality analysis of preclinical studies revealed substantial reporting deficits across all leading journals, with little improvement over the last 20 years, especially for group size calculations, defining primary versus secondary outcomes, and blinded analysis. Conclusions Nephrology studies keep increasing in number but still lag behind other medical disciplines, and the quality of data reporting in kidney research can be further improved.
Early Detection of Cardiac Involvement in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Luna Gargani, Giancarlo Todiere, Serena Guiducci, Cosimo Bruni, Alessandro Pingitore, Daniele De Marchi, Silvia Bellando Randone, Giovanni Donato Aquaro, Laura Bazzichi, Marta Mosca, Massimo Lombardi, Alessia Pepe, Marco Matucci-Cerinic, Eugenio Picano
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2018)
Impact of Interventricular Interactions on Left Ventricular Function, Stroke Volume, and Exercise Capacity in Children and Adults With Ebstein’s Anomaly
Authors: Tao Fujioka, Andreas Kühn, Sergio Sanchez-Martinez, Bart H. Bijnens, Wei Hui, Cameron Slorach, Christoph Roehlig, Luc Mertens, Manfred Vogt, Mark K. Friedberg
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2018)
Abstract 12897: Long-term Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Adults Diagnosed With Atrial Septal Defect in Childhood
Authors: Zarmiga Karunanithi, Camilla Nyboe, Vibeke E Hjortdal
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is very common in patients with atrial septal defects (ASD). The impact of closure on the prevalence and especially the correct timing is controversial. We investigated the risk of AF in patients diagnosed with ASD in childhood, both with and without closure, compared with a general population cohort. Data on all Danish ASD patients diagnosed before the age of 18 years between 1963 and 1994 was obtained from national registries. Follow-up was continued until outcome, death, emigration or 31st of Dec 2011. Hazard ratios were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression and cumulative incidences estimated using Fine and Gray’s competing risk regression. A total of 1,111 patients met the inclusion criteria, and each was matched on age and gender with 10 controls. Mean age at diagnosis was 4.9 years (range 0-17.9 years). Mean follow-up since diagnosis was 26.3 years (range 1-53.3 years). A total of 642 patients had closure performed either surgically or percutaneously with 402 before the age of 10 years. Patients with an unclosed ASD had an increased risk of AF (HR 16.4, 95% CI: 6.8; 39.8) compared with the general population cohort. For patients with closure the risk was similarly high (HR 18.1, 95% CI: 9.8; 33.5). Closure before (HR 17.9, 95% CI: 7.5; 42.7) and after (HR 18.4, 95% CI: 7.7; 43.8) the age of 10 did not affect the risk of AF later in life. Cumulative incidences after 10 years was 0.6% [0.1; 4.4] and after 50 years 9.8% [6.7; 14.12]. In conclusion, risk of AF is high despite closure in childhood. Closure being insufficient protection against development of AF in adulthood speaks for causality other than the mere presence of an ASD. Furthermore, ASD patients (regardless of closure) call for follow-up investigation past the 5th decade.
Prospective Analysis of Bortezomib, Fludarabine and Melphalan As Conditioning Regimen Prior to Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Phyllis McKiernan, David S Siegel, David H. Vesole, Tracy Andrews, Noa Biran, Scott D. Rowley, Alan P Skarbnik, Andrew L. Pecora, Jacquelyn Callahan, Andrea Ortega, Mariefel Vendivil, Supreet Kaur, Marshall McKenna, Michele L. Donato
Journal: Blood (2018)
Phase 2 Study of Nilotinib 400 Mg Twice Daily in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Accelerated Phase of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Results after 5.7 Years of Follow-up
Authors: Lucia Masarova, Jorge E. Cortes, Keyur P. Patel, Susan M. O'Brien, Graciela M. Nogueras González, Marina Y. Konopleva, Srdan Verstovsek, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Tapan M. Kadia, Farhad Ravandi, Gautam Borthakur, Sara Emogene Dellasala, Elias J. Jabbour, Hagop M. Kantarjian
Journal: Blood (2018)
Observational Evidence Calls for Deimplementation of Routine Preoperative Urine Screening
Authors: Barbara W. Trautner
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2018)

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Intensive care, right ventricular support and lung transplantation in patients with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Marius M. Hoeper, Raymond L. Benza, Paul Corris, Marc de Perrot, Elie Fadel, Anne M. Keogh, Christian Kühn, Laurent Savale, Walter Klepetko
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

Intensive care of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and right-sided heart failure includes treatment of factors causing or contributing to heart failure, careful fluid management, and strategies to reduce ventricular afterload and improve cardiac function. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) should be considered in distinct situations, especially in candidates for lung transplantation (bridge to transplant) or, occasionally, in patients with a reversible cause of right-sided heart failure (bridge to recovery). ECMO should not be used in patients with end-stage disease without a realistic chance for recovery or for transplantation. For patients with refractory disease, lung transplantation remains an important treatment option. Patients should be referred to a transplant centre when they remain in an intermediate- or high-risk category despite receiving optimised pulmonary arterial hypertension therapy. Meticulous peri-operative management including the intra-operative and post-operative use of ECMO effectively prevents graft failure. In experienced centres, the 1-year survival rates after lung transplantation for PH now exceed 90%.
Abstract P309: The Role of Traumatic Stress in Association Between Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Hispanic/Latino Adults: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Sociocultural Ancillary Study
Authors: Priscilla Vasquez, David X Marquez, Linda C Gallo, Maria Argos, Violeta Carrion, Ramon Durazo-Arvizu, Carmen Isasi, Melissa Lamar, James Lash, Angela Odoms-Young, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Gregory A Talavera, Martha L Daviglus
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Physical activity ( PA ) is associated with lower risk, and chronic stress with increased risk of CVD risk factors ( RFs ) such as hypertension ( HTN ) or type 2 diabetes. Little is known about potential interactions between PA and traumatic stress ( TS ) in relation to CVD risk factors. Objective: To assess whether the association of PA with CVD RFs is modified by the presence of traumatic stress ( TS ). Methods: Cross-sectional data from 4,169 adults ages 18-74 in 2008-11, who participated in the HCHS/SOL Sociocultural Ancillary Study and had complete information on key variables, were analyzed using complex survey design methods. TS was assessed by self-reported lifetime exposure to traumatic events; scores were categorized into tertiles based on number of stressors: low=0-1; intermediate=2; high=≥3. PA was assessed by the Global PA Questionnaire and grouped into 4 levels: inactive, low, intermediate, and high activity. CVD RFs included HTN, obesity, diabetes, smoking, and hypercholesterolemia. Multivariate logistic regression was used for analyses. Results: Compared to high PA levels, intermediate PA was significantly associated with HTN, inactivity was associated with obesity, and inactivity and intermediate PA were associated with diabetes ( Table ). Significant interaction between PA with TS was observed for HTN (p&lt;0.001) but not for other CVD RFs. For effect modification by TS, among persons with low TS, intermediate PA was associated with 2.1 times higher odds of HTN vs. high PA levels. Among those with intermediate TS, low PA was associated with 2.3 times higher odds of HTN, and among those with high TS, inactivity was associated with 2.1 times higher odds of HTN vs. high PA levels. Conclusion: A statistical interaction was observed between traumatic stress and physical activity among those with hypertension (but not with other CVD risk factors), and the odds of HTN varied by TS. Further evaluation is needed to determine physical activity recommendations to prevent hypertension among those with traumatic stress.
Abstract 18505: Determination of Non Invasive Cardiac Output by Electrical Cardiometry Technique in Acute Hemorrhagic Shock Model
Authors: Renata L Shih, Fernando Garcia-Pereira, Amara Estrada, Shrini Badugu, Jacob Johnson, Bobbi Conner, Jai Udassi, Luisito Pablo, Carsten Bandt, Andre Shih
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: The non-invasive continuous determination of stroke volume (SV) in hypovolemic shock would be advantageous in pediatric intensive care. Electrical Cardiometry (EC) detects changes in thoracic bio-impedance and electrical conductivity of aortic blood flow allowing subsequent calculation of SV volumetric variables of preload, such as total end-diastolic volume index (TFC). The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of EC when compared to trans esophageal echocardiogram (TEE) in hemorrhagic shock model. Hypothesis: SV calculated by EC would be similar to TEE in acute hemorrhagic shock model. Methods: Nine 3 month old pigglets (~25 Kg) were anesthetized and instrumented to measure heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), SV. SV was measured using EC and TEE using Modified Simpson techniques. After baseline, celiac artery was transectected and ~ 50% of the blood volume was removed (hemorrhagic state), colloid infusion was administered at 10 mls/kg once MAP reached 35 mmHg (resuscitation state). TEE and EC was used to determine SV and TFC at baseline, hemorrhagic and resuscitation state. After evaluation of atrium and ventricular function the cardiologist also submitted a subjective score (0-50points) for pre-load (TPL) at the same time points. Where 0 is poor pre load and 50 is excessive pre load. SV and TPL vs TFC agreement was determined by Blant Altman. Results: Agreement was determined using Bland Altman analysis. 64 comparisons were made. SV correlation (r2= 0.74) was good between the 2 methods with a mean difference (bias) and precision of -0.8 and 0.85, respectively. TFC correlated well with TPL with bias 1.5 and limits of agreement -36 to 33%. Conclusions: EC technique is a viable method for measuring cardiac output in patients with acute hemorrhagic shock.
YAP1-Mediated CDK6 Activation Confers Radiation Resistance in Esophageal Cancer – Rationale for the Combination of YAP1 and CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Fan Li, Yan Xu, Bovey Liu, Pankaj Kumar Singh, Wei Zhao, Jiankang Jin, Guangchun Han, Ailing W. Scott, Xiaochuan Dong, Longfei Huo, Lang Ma, Melissa Pool Pizzi, Ying Wang, Yuan Li, Kazuto Harada, Min Xie, Heath D. Skinner, Sheng Ding, Linghua Wang, Sunil Krishnan, Randy L. Johnson, Shumei Song, Jaffer A. Ajani
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Esophageal cancer is a lethal disease that is often resistant to therapy. Alterations of YAP1 and CDK6 are frequent in esophageal cancer. Deregulation of both molecules may be responsible for therapy resistance.Expressions of YAP1 and CDK6 were examined in esophageal cancer cells and tissues using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. YAP1 expression was induced in esophageal cancer cells to examine YAP1-mediated CDK6 activation and its association with radiation resistance. Pharmacologic and genetic inhibitions of YAP1 and CDK6 were performed to dissect the mechanisms and assess the antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo.YAP1 expression was positively associated with CDK6 expression in resistant esophageal cancer tissues and cell lines. YAP1 overexpression upregulated CDK6 expression and transcription, and promoted radiation resistance, whereas treatment with the YAP1 inhibitor, CA3, strongly suppressed YAP1 and CDK6 overexpression, reduced Rb phosphorylation, as well as sensitized radiation-resistant/YAP1high esophageal cancer cells to irradiation. CDK4/6 inhibitor, LEE011, and knock down of CDK6 dramatically inhibited expression of YAP1 and sensitized resistant esophageal cancer cells to irradiation indicating a positive feed-forward regulation of YAP1 by CDK6. In addition, suppression of both the YAP1 and CDK6 pathways by the combination of CA3 and LEE011 significantly reduced esophageal cancer cell growth and cancer stem cell population (ALDH1 + and CD133 + ), sensitized cells to irradiation, and showed a strong antitumor effect in vivo against radiation-resistant esophageal cancer cells.Our results document that a positive crosstalk between the YAP1 and CDK6 pathways plays an important role in conferring radiation resistance to esophageal cancer cells. Targeting both YAP1 and CDK6 pathways could be a novel therapeutic strategy to overcome resistance in esophageal cancer.