tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A correlative study of cardiac biomarkers and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from N9831, a phase III randomized trial of chemotherapy and trastuzumab as adjuvant therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer
Authors: L. A. Kutteh, T. Hobday, A. Jaffe, B. LaPlant, D. Hillman, P. Kaufman, N. Davidson, S. Martino, A. Moreno, E. Perez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

579 Background: N9831 and other clinical trials have demonstrated the additive survival benefit of trastuzumab (H) therapy with chemotherapy for patients with resected HER-2 positive breast cancer. Cardiac toxicity (CTox) is increased by this strategy. Prediction of or early detection of CTox is important. Methods: 95 patients provided informed consent. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), troponin T (TnT) and I (TnI), TNF-alpha, IL-1b, and IL-6 were to be drawn at baseline, after initiation of doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide (AC), after initiation of paclitaxel (T), and after the initiation of H (may have been given concurrently with T). 67 patients with at least a baseline sample, a post-treatment sample, and a baseline and subsequent evaluation of LVEF were studied. No patient in this group had a grade 3 decline in LVEF. Only 3 of these patients did not receive H. Values above the 99 th percentile were considered abnormal for troponin. 40 ng/ml was considered elevated for BNP. Results: Values of CRP, TNF-alpha, IL- 6 and IL1b changed in very few patients and without a discernible pattern. For further evaluation of BNP, TnI, and TnT, 2 definitions of CTox were tested: 1. a &gt;10% drop in LVEF from baseline (n=27) and 2. a drop in LVEF of 10–15% to less than the institutional lower limit of normal (LLN) OR a &gt;15% decline in LVEF (n=14). No pre-treatment marker appeared to predict a &gt; 10% decline in LVEF (definition 1). For patients fulfilling definition 2, pre-treatment BNP &gt; 40 was seen in 21% of patients vs 8% of normals (nls) (p= 0.18) and an abnormal TnI (&gt;0.04) was seen in 21% vs 6% of nls (p=0.10). Only doubling of BNP appeared promising as a serial marker of CTox using definition 2 (27% vs 7% for nls (p = 0.09). Conclusions: Baseline BNP and TnI and serial measures of BNP may be promising for further investigation for the prediction and detection of treatment-related CTox. Due to limitations of the study including the small numbers of patients analyzed, the difficulty in defining CTox, and the variation in the timing of sample procurement and assessment, these data are considered exploratory. Supported by CA-25224, CA-2115, CA 38926, CA31946. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Novel approach for real-time monitoring of carrier-based DPIs delivery process via pulmonary route based on modular modified Sympatec HELOS
Authors: Xuejuan Zhang, Yingtong Cui, Ruifeng Liang, Guanlin Wang, Xiao Yue, Ziyu Zhao, Zhengwei Huang, Ying Huang, Jianfang Geng, Xin Pan, Chuanbin Wu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2020)

An explicit illustration of pulmonary delivery processes (PDPs) was a prerequisite for the formulation design and optimization of carrier-based DPIs. However, the current evaluation approaches for DPIs could not provide precise investigation of each PDP separately, or the approaches merely used a simplified and idealized model. In the present study, a novel modular modified Sympatec HELOS (MMSH) was developed to fully investigate the mechanism of each PDP separately in real-time. An inhaler device, artificial throat and pre-separator were separately integrated with a Sympatec HELOS. The dispersion and fluidization, transportation, detachment and deposition processes of pulmonary delivery for model DPIs were explored under different flow rates. Moreover, time-sliced measurements were used to monitor the PDPs in real-time. The Next Generation Impactor (NGI) was applied to determine the aerosolization performance of the model DPIs. The release profiles of the drug particles, drug aggregations and carriers were obtained by MMSH in real-time. Each PDP of the DPIs was analyzed in detail. Moreover, a positive correlation was established between the total release amount of drug particles and the fine particle fraction (FPF) values (R2 = 0.9898). The innovative MMSH was successfully developed and was capable of illustrating the PDPs and the mechanism of carrier-based DPIs, providing a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of carrier-based DPIs.
Improving Racial and Ethnic Minority Representation in Cardiovascular Disease Trials to Advance Health Equity
Authors: Ayomipo M. Ifidon, Olufunso Agbalajobi, Utibe R. Essien
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Harmonizing Cell-Free DNA Collection and Processing Practices through Evidence-Based Guidance
Authors: Sarah R. Greytak, Kelly B. Engel, Sonya Parpart-Li, Muhammed Murtaza, Abel J. Bronkhorst, Mark D. Pertile, Helen M. Moore
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is rapidly transitioning from discovery research to an important tool in clinical decision making. However, the lack of harmonization of preanalytic practices across institutions may compromise the reproducibility of cfDNA-derived data and hamper advancements in cfDNA testing in the clinic. Differences in cellular genomic contamination, cfDNA yield, integrity, and fragment length have been attributed to different collection tube types and anticoagulants, processing delays and temperatures, tube agitation, centrifugation protocols and speeds, plasma storage duration and temperature, the number of freeze-thaw events, and cfDNA extraction and quantification methods, all of which can also ultimately impact subsequent downstream analysis. Thus, there is a pressing need for widely applicable standards tailored for cfDNA analysis that include all preanalytic steps from blood draw to analysis. The NCI's Biorepositories and Biospecimen Research Branch has developed cfDNA-specific guidelines that are based upon published evidence and have been vetted by a panel of internationally recognized experts in the field. The guidelines include optimal procedures as well as acceptable alternatives to facilitate the generation of evidence-based protocols by individual laboratories and institutions. The aim of the document, which is entitled “Biospecimen Evidence-based Best Practices for Cell-free DNA: Biospecimen Collection and Processing,” is to improve the accuracy of cfDNA analysis in both basic research and the clinic by improving and harmonizing practices across institutions.
Colloidal forming of macroporous calcium pyrophosphate bioceramics in 3D-printed molds
Authors: Ya.Yu Filippov, E.D. Orlov, E.S. Klimashina, P.V. Evdokimov, T.V. Safronova, V.I. Putlayev, J.V. Rau
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

A technique for colloidal forming of Ca2P2O7 macroporous bioceramics, based on low-pressure injection molding (LPIM) of a glycerol-water slip containing Ca2P2O7 and Ca(Н2PO4)2 into a plastic mold fabricated via FDM 3D-printing, was proposed. Chemical reaction between the solid phases of the water containing slip - Ca2P2O7 and Ca(Н2PO4)2, resulting in brushite (CaHPO4·2H2O) formation, led to consolidation of the casting and preserved its complex architecture in the course of mold burning-out. Macroporous ceramics of Kelvin structure (70% macropores with the sizes from 2 up to 4 mm), based on a pre-defined composition with 10 wt% Ca(PO3)2 and sintered in liquid-phase regime, demonstrated a compressive strength of 1.4 ± 0.1 MPa at a density of 22 ± 2%. In vitro tests on bioactivity in SBF solution, as well as on resorption of the ceramics in model solution of citric acid, were carried out.
Abstract TS1-1: Advanced enabling technologies for cancer proteomics
Authors: T Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is a promising technology in characterization of human proteome at a genome scale, facilitating proteogenomic characterization of cancer specimens. Recent advances in mass spectrometry instrumentation, sample handling platforms, and proteomic analysis strategies allow for not only large-scale, comprehensive proteome profiling, but also focused systems biology studies, biomarker verification, as well as analysis of protein expression and phosphorylation in very small populations of cells. This will lead to significantly improved understanding of aberrant regulatory and signal transduction networks underlying cancer for translational applications. Citation Format: T Liu. Advanced enabling technologies for cancer proteomics [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr TS1-1.
Effect of Phentermine on Blood Pressure Among Overweight and Obese Patients
Authors: Macklin E. Guzman, Gretchen San Miguel, Eva Imperial, Jennifer Lynn Nguyen, Tamer Yacoub, Anastasia Georgiades, Jessica Shank Coviello, Ashpreet Kaur Mallhi, Sara VanWyk, Yang Gao, Pratik B. Patel
Journal: Metabolism (2020)
Phase I study of preoperative chemoradiation therapy in unresectable locally advanced breast cancer (LABC)
Authors: S. Conzen, O. Hahn, V. Vanderpuye, G. Fleming, F. Olopade, D. Haraf, N. Jaskowiak, R. Heimann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

11097 Introduction: Therapy of unresectable LABC is challenging due to the need to resect local disease and prevent distant metastases. We conducted a phase I trial to determine the maximum tolerated dose of preoperative vinorelbine (VIN) combined with paclitaxel (P) and radiation (XRT). Methods: Eligible patients (pts) had unresectable LABC, ECOG performance 0–2 and adequate organ function. Prior chemotherapy and metastatic disease were permitted. All pts received weekly bolus P 80 mg/m 2 and concurrent XRT at 2.0 Gy daily for 5 days in a week-on/week-off (WO/WO) schedule for 12 weeks. A planned 59 -70 Gy were delivered to the breast, chest wall and supraclavicular regions. In dose level 2, VIN 15 mg/m 2 /week was added. Results: Twenty-six pts were enrolled from July 1999-July 2005 with a median age of 51 years (range 24–69); 9 pts had stage IV disease, 17 pts had stage IIIB disease, and 13 pts had received prior chemotherapy. VIN was not tolerated due to grade (G) 4 neutropenia despite GCSF; however single-agent P and concurrent XRT was well-tolerated. Thus, 7 pts in the final cohort received P/XRT without GCSF. This regimen was well-tolerated; toxicities seen included: G3 in-field skin desquamation 4/7; G4 lymphopenia 7/7, G3 infection 1/7; G3 wound dehiscence 1/7. After therapy, 20/26 pts underwent mastectomy: 6 pts had a pathologic complete response (no invasive disease), 12 had a pathologic partial response (scattered microscopic disease), and 2 pts had no response. Overall pathologic response rate was 90% for pts undergoing mastectomy; only 3 of the 20 resectable pts are alive without relapse a mean of 19.5 months after mastectomy. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant P 80 mg/m 2 with full dose XRT in a WO/WO schedule is tolerable and effective allowing 20/26 unresectable pts to undergo successful mastectomy. Pts do not require routine GCSF support. Although most pts eventually relapse distantly, this regimen does render some pts not responding to initial doxorubicin-based therapy resectable. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
THAM administration reduces pulmonary carbon dioxide elimination, causing rebound in arterial carbon dioxide tension: An experimental study in hypoventilated pigs
Authors: Staffan Höstman, Rafael Kawati, Gaetano Perchiazzi, Anders Larsson
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

THAM administration reduces pulmonary carbon dioxide elimination, causing rebound in arterial carbon dioxide tension: An experimental study in hypoventilated pigs
The alternation of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) expression in primary breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC)
Authors: D. Kitagawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21165 Background: Currently, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for the operable primary breast cancer has become standard treatment strategy. Primary treatment could affect the status of Estrogen receptor (ER) and Progesterone receptor (PgR) expressions in the tumor, and might have impact on the choice of adjuvant hormone therapy. Methods: We evaluated consecutive 165 primary breast cancer cases those treated with 4 cycles of FEC (500–100–500 mg/m2, q3wks) followed by 4 cycles docetaxel (75 mg/m2, q3wks) as their neoadjuvant treatment in our institution from January 2000 to February 2006. Except for the bilateral breast cancer cases and patients achieved pCR, 107 pairs of core needle biopsy before treatment and tumor block after surgery were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for receptor status and analyzed by Allred scoring. Score 4 or more was designated as positive. Results: Median age of patients was 51 (23–71) years old. Hormone receptor (HR) phenotypes before treatment were following; ER+/PgR+:62(57.9%), +/ -:23(21.5%), -/ +:2(1.9%), -/ -:20(18.7%). As the HR status, 94.4 % of patients did not show any alternation for their HR evaluation. Only 4.7% of patients experienced changes from HR+ to HR-, and HR- to HR+ were extremely rare (0.9%). Although ER positivity was not changed in most of cases (95.1%), conversion from PgR + to - were observed in 35.5% of ER+/PgR+ cases. Particularly, the rate of negative conversion of PgR were found more frequently in patients with age under 50 (51.7% in &lt;50y.o. vs. 22.6% in =50 y.o., p=0.03). Whereas, in older patients, negative conversion of PgR correlated to favorable pathological response. Conclusions: In most of patients, neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not affect the evaluation of HR status. Alternation of PgR expression seems to reflect the chemotherapy induced amenorrhea in younger patients. In the older patients, negative conversion of PgR may have some impact on pathological response. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract P472: Addressing Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease in South Asian San Joaquin Population
Authors: Maha Siddiqui
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: South Asians have a higher death rate than any other population for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and high blood pressure (HBP). San Joaquin has a growing rate of South Asians immigrants who may be at risk for CVD. Objectives: Trainees conducted hypertension and CVD screenings at South Asians religious organizations to reduce the risk of CVD and spread awareness about the factors that lead to CVD and its implications in the South Asians population due to environmental racism in the most underserved county for health care, San Joaquin. Methods: I trained low-income minority high school students to conduct weekly blood pressure screenings and serve as a health technology coach by each student monitoring 2 hypertensive patients of 48 hypertensive or at risk hypertensive and low-income San Joaquin residents and constantly stressed, and at risk for CVD. CVD screenings were conducted at all San Joaquin gurdwaras and mosques to spread awareness about heart health and track hypertension in the South Asians community. Findings: -61.7% of the South Asian population of San Joaquin are at risk for CVD -3.3% of the South Asian population of San Joaquin are hypotensive -28.6% of the South Asian population of San Joaquin are Stage 1 hypertensive -29.7% of the South Asian population of San Joaquin are Stage 2 hypertensive -38.3% of the South Asian population of San Joaquin have normal blood pressure but consume red meat more than 4 times a month Direct Outcomes of Events: -Development of self-advocacy in the South Asian community. Community members became activists for their own heart health. -Increased participation of youth, in an otherwise adult dominant environment (i.e. the mosques and gurdwaras). -Increased awareness of CVD, hypertension, hypotension, and periodontal disease (PD) among the South Asian community. -Increased participation by youth and adults on activities such as games, challenges and information booths dispensing awareness on CVD and PD. -Increased interaction between community members of different religions, creed, and socioeconomic backgrounds. -Awareness, education among the South Asian community for better heart and oral health -Diagnoses and referrals of suspected cases of hypertension and CVD -Improved patient-provider trust -San Joaquin high school students trained for community outreach events and determined to address CVD. -Youth learned the value of empathy, multiculturalism, and service to disadvantaged communities through the program and volunteering.
Clinical significance of pleural lavage cytology in non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: X. Jiao, P. Langenberg, M. Zhan, E. Perencevich, O. Ioffe, Y. Yuan, R. Maruyama, M. J. Krasna
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

18031 Background: The clinical significance of pleural lavage cytology (PLC) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. This study was performed to estimate the associations of positive PLC with the main clinicopathological characteristics, and its prognostic value. Methods: PLC studies were identified on Medline, supplemented by manual search of bibliographies and proceedings. Authors were contacted for updated information. The quality of the studies was evaluated, and the data were extracted. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with confidence intervals [95% CIs] were calculated to evaluate the association of positive PLC with clinico-pathological characteristics and survival respectively. Results: Nineteen articles assessing PLC in NSCLC were selected for this study after exclusion of repeated publications or reports with little clinical detail. Positive PLC was diagnosed in 10.2% (516) of a total of 5073 patients. Positive PLC was strongly associated with lymphatic permeation (OR 4.96 [3.29, 7.54]), pleural invasion (OR 4.38 [2.16, 8.89], and vascular involvement (OR 2.94 [1.99, 4.35]). It was also found to be associated with advanced T stage, N stage, and TNM stage. Positive PLC was more frequent in adenocarcinoma than in squamous cell carcinoma (OR 2.32, [1.51, 3.52]). It was relatively more common in moderately- and poorly-differentiated tumors than in well-differentiated tumors (OR 1.89 [0.86, 4.16]). No association was found between positive PLC and fine needle aspiration cytology (OR 1.04 [0.58, 1.81]). Positive PLC was associated with high overall recurrence (OR 2.51 [1.79, 3.53]), as well as high local recurrence (OR 3.85 [1.57, 9.44]) and distant recurrence (2.58 [1.76, 3.76]). In analysis of survival, the overall HR for mortality was 2.43 [1.87, 3.16], suggesting significantly poorer survival for patients with positive PLC. Conclusions: Positive PLC in NSCLC is strongly associated with several existing poor prognosticators including pleural invasion, lymphatic spread, and vascular involvement. It may indicate locally advanced disease with high risk of recurrence and poor survival. We recommend that the PLC test be included in future clinical trials of adjuvant therapy for patients with NSCLC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Monocarboxylate Transporters (SLC16): Function, Regulation, and Role in Health and Disease
Authors: Melanie A. Felmlee, Robert S. Jones, Vivian Rodriguez-Cruz, Kristin E. Follman, Marilyn E. Morris
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (2020)

The solute carrier family 16 (SLC16) is comprised of 14 members of the monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family that play an essential role in the transport of important cell nutrients and for cellular metabolism and pH regulation. MCTs 1-4 have been extensively studied and are involved in the proton-dependent transport of L-lactate, pyruvate, short-chain fatty acids, and monocarboxylate drugs in a wide variety of tissues. MCTs 1 and 4 are overexpressed in a number of cancers, and current investigations have focused on transporter inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy in cancers. MCT1 has also been used in strategies aimed at enhancing drug absorption due to its high expression in the intestine. Other MCT isoforms are less well characterized, but ongoing studies indicate that MCT6 transports xenobiotics such as bumetanide, nateglinide, and probenecid, whereas MCT7 has been characterized as a transporter of ketone bodies. MCT8 and MCT10 transport thyroid hormones, and recently, MCT9 has been characterized as a carnitine efflux transporter and MCT12 as a creatine transporter. Expressed at the blood brain barrier, MCT8 mutations have been associated with an X-linked intellectual disability, known as Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome. Many MCT isoforms are associated with hormone, lipid, and glucose homeostasis, and recent research has focused on their potential roles in disease, with MCTs representing promising novel therapeutic targets. This review will provide a summary of the current literature focusing on the characterization, function, and regulation of the MCT family isoforms and on their roles in drug disposition and in health and disease. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The 14-member solute carrier family 16 of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) plays a fundamental role in maintaining intracellular concentrations of a broad range of important endogenous molecules in health and disease. MCTs 1, 2, and 4 (L-lactate transporters) are overexpressed in cancers and represent a novel therapeutic target in cancer. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of MCTs in glucose, lipid, and hormone homeostasis, including MCT8 in thyroid hormone brain uptake, MCT12 in carnitine transport, and MCT11 in type 2 diabetes.