tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0193 Pulmonary function tests in patients with connective tissue diseases
Authors: K Borysewicz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> In connective tissue diseases many systems and organs are involved. Pleural effusion, interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary vasculitis, rheumatoid nodules, obliterative bronchiolitis, pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary fibrosis may be found in patients with connective tissue diseases. Quality of life, effort tolerance and frequency of bronchial or lung infection depends on good pulmonary function. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to examinate the spirometry indices in patients with connective tissue diseases. <h3>Methods</h3> 80 persons: 40 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 11 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 8 with diffuse scleroderma, 3 with scleromyositis, 10 with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and 8 with polymyositis were examined. The following parameters were measured: VC, ERV, FEV1, FVC, FEV1%VC, MEF 25, 50 and 75, MEF 25/75, MVV, MEF 50%FVC. Pulmonary function tests were done on spirometer abcPNEUMO PC in accordance with European Respiratory Society. All patients have normal blood gases values and chest X-ray. <h3>Results</h3> In RA patients spirometric indices were in normal ranges, although the lowest values were in FEV1 and FVC. In active RA (elevated ESR and CRP) and long-term diseases maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) was below the normal ranges. There was no ventilation disturbances in patients long-term treated with methotrexate who are in remission. In SLE patients, all were in remission, there was no ventilation abnormalities. AS, diffuse scleroderma and scleromyositis patients produce a restrictive spirometric defect. The most restrictive disturbances were found in patients with active polymyositis. MVV was the lowest values in patients with III or IV musculosceletal functional class. There were more frequency of bronchial or pulmonary infections in patients with long-term diseases. This was not connected with immunosupressive therapy. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Pulmonary function tests allow to early identification of ventilation disturbances in patients with connective tissue diseases. The long-term diseases have an influence on ventilation disturbances. Restrictive defect is the main ventilation abnormalities in connective tissue diseases. The most spirometric indices changes are found in active polymyositis. Musculosceletal functional status is important in lowering the MVV. Patients with connective tissue diseases have more frequent respiratory infections.
What periodontal recall interval is supported by evidence?
Authors: Leonardo Trombelli, Anna Simonelli, Giovanni Franceschetti, Elisa Maietti, Roberto Farina
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2020)

Abstract Recall sessions are an integral part of supportive periodontal therapy. The aim of the current article is to review the existing evidence to support if and to what extent a predefined frequency of periodontal recall sessions ensures periodontal health and stability. Factors that potentially affect the time interval for recall are described. Moreover, original data on the relevance of residual diseased sites (ie, bleeding pockets) at patient level to predict the progression of periodontitis are presented. Overall, wide heterogeneity was found in the published literature with regards to the proposed supportive periodontal therapy recall frequency once active periodontal therapy has been completed. Available data clearly show that a primary and secondary preventive regimen based on routine supportive periodontal therapy is beneficial to preserve a periodontally healthy dentition and prevent tooth loss. However, convincing evidence regarding the appropriateness, risk‐benefit, and cost‐effectiveness of different recall intervals is currently scarce. In patients affected by moderate to advanced periodontitis, a supportive periodontal therapy protocol based on a 2‐4 month recall interval appears reasonable. Limited data suggest that the amount/proportion of residual diseased sites (intended as pockets or bleeding pockets) and risk assessment tools may be of value in establishing the appropriate recall frequency.
Discovery of the methylation of the metastasis suppressor gene KiSS-1 in bladder cancer
Authors: M. Sanchez-Carbayo, E. Orenes, M. Gil, J. M. Piulats, M. Alvarez, J. Bellmunt, J. Palou, C. Cordon-Cardo, T. Ecke, A. Lopez-Beltran
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

5023 Background: In an attempt to uncover the mechanisms by which the metastasis suppressor gene, KiSS1, is lost in bladder progression, we tested the hypothesis of epigenetic silencing. An enriched 5’-CpG islands was identified around the transcription start site of KiSS1, supporting its susceptibility to be epigenetically modified by hypermethylation. To the best of our knowledge, KiSS1 had not been reported to be epigenetically altered in bladder cancer or any other tumor type. In this report, the impact and clinical relevance of KiSS1 methylation along bladder cancer progression was evaluated using in vitro strategies as well as on tissue specimens. Methods: The methylation status of KiSS1 was analyzed by two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis strategies of bisulfite-modified genomic DNA. First, by genomic sequencing of both strands of KiSS1 promoter and second, by methylated specific PCR (MS-PCR). The epigenetic silencing of KiSS1 by hypermethylation was tested in bladder cancer cells (n = 12) before and after azacytidine treatment. The methylation status of KiSS1 promoter was then evaluated by MS-PCR in a large series of 524 bladder tumors. KiSS1 transcript expression were analyzed by RTPCR on bladder tumors (n = 177) for which KiSS1 methylation was assessed by MS-PCR. Results: KiSS1 hypermethylation was frequent in the bladder cancer cells analyzed and associated with low gene expression by RT-PCR. KiSS-1 expression was increased in vitro by the demethylating agent azacytidine in methylated cells. KiSS1 was found to be frequently methylated in a large series of 524 bladder tumors (68.1%). KiSS1 methylation was significantly associated with tumor stage (p &lt; 0.001) and tumor grade (p &lt; 0.001). Interestingly, a significant association was found between transcript levels by quantitative RT-PCR in bladder tumors and increasing tumor stage (p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, the presence of KiSS1 methylation was associated with low transcript expression (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: KiSS1 was identified to be epigenetically modified in bladder cancer. The association of KiSS1 methylation with cancer progression suggests the utility of incorporating KiSS1 methylation assessment in the clinical management of patients affected by uroepithelial neoplasias. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Tendon-derived cathepsin K–expressing progenitor cells activate Hedgehog signaling to drive heterotopic ossification
Authors: Heng Feng, Wenhui Xing, Yujiao Han, Jun Sun, Mingxiang Kong, Bo Gao, Yang Yang, Zi Yin, Xiao Chen, Yun Zhao, Qing Bi, Weiguo Zou
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is pathological bone formation characterized by ossification within muscle, tendons, or other soft tissues. However, the cells of origin and mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of HO remain elusive. Here we show that deletion of suppressor of fused (Sufu) in cathepsin K–Cre–expressing (Ctsk-Cre–expressing) cells resulted in spontaneous and progressive ligament, tendon, and periarticular ossification. Lineage tracing studies and cell functional analysis demonstrated that Ctsk-Cre could label a subpopulation of tendon-derived progenitor cells (TDPCs) marked by the tendon marker Scleraxis (Scx). Ctsk+Scx+ TDPCs are enriched for tendon stem cell markers and show the highest self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential. Sufu deficiency caused enhanced chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of Ctsk-Cre–expressing tendon-derived cells via upregulation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Furthermore, pharmacological intervention in Hh signaling using JQ1 suppressed the development of HO. Thus, our results show that Ctsk-Cre labels a subpopulation of TDPCs contributing to HO and that their cell-fate changes are driven by activation of Hh signaling.
Radiation dose-benefit analysis of hematopoietic stem cell grafting for tolerence induction across MHC barriers in living related donor renal allograft recipients
Authors: V. Shankar, C. Haritha, H. L. Trivedi, A. Vanikar, P. M. Modi, P. Shah, V. Shah
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

3044 Background: Donor specific immunologic tolerance protects an allograft from chronic rejection and allows discontinuation of chronic immunosuppressive therapy. Ahmedabad-tolerance induction protocol (A-TIP) allows grafting in living related donor (LRD) renal allograft recipients with persistent low-level MLHC. Present study aims to define of the ideal radiation dose needed for tolerance induction in patients undergoing A-TIP. Methods: 210 consecutive end stage renal disease patients recruited between May '05 through Mar '07 underwent renal transplantation (RTx) following A-TIP and negative Lymphocytotoxicity cross match (LCM). A-TIP includes (a) 2 DLI's (b) low intensity conditioning, and (c) HSC grafting.The conditioning regimen included fractionated low dose target specific radiation, cyclosporine, cyclophosphamide, anti T-cell a.b and treosulfan. All patients underwent subtotal lymphoid irradiation (STLI) targeting spleen, abdominal, iliac and inguinal lymph nodes, thoraco-lumbar vertebra and 75% of pelvis. Patients were randomized into 3 groups of 70 each: STLI 600, STLI 800, STLI 1000, corresponding to doses of 600cgy, 800cgy and 1000cgy delivered conventionally using 6MV/15MV photons. Unfractionated HSC procured from donor BM was administered into portal circulation, within 24 hours of achieving CD4+/CD8+ T cell count ≤ 10% of baseline. Donor specific cytotoxic antibodies were eliminated before RTx. Immunosuppression (ISp) was withdrawn 3–6 mo after RTx for patients with consistently positive chimerism. Tolerance - Robust (R), Prope (P) and Metastable (M) is defined as RT: Stable allograft function (fn.) for &gt;100 days without ISp; PT: Early adequate, stable grafts fn. with no rejection episodes on minimum ISp; MT: Adequate graft fn. on ISp with single episode of steroid responsive ac. rejection. Results: See Table. Conclusions: The safe and effective dose for tolerance induction in LRD renal transplantation is 1000 cGy. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation: more questions than answers
Authors: James Lau
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

In this issue of Endoscopy, Dr. Kogure and colleagues published the results of a Japanese multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) [1] in which patients with large bile duct stones were assigned to either endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation (EPLBD) without endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) or EST alone before removal of the bile duct stones. The inclusion criteria were patients with bile duct stones larger than 10 mm in size, distal bile duct greater than 12 mm in size, and the absence of distal biliary stricture. In this trial, a full EST was defined as one that reached the top of the transverse duodenal fold. The primary outcome was the rate of complete stone removal within a single endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) session.
Is two better than one? Alternative techniques for gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy
Authors: Manol Jovani, Olaya I. Brewer-Gutierrez, Yervant Ichkhanian, Thomas M. Runge, Mouen A. Khashab
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Myotomy during esophageal peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) results in a substantial distancing of the muscle fibers. In our experience, standard myotomy during gastric POEM (G-POEM) results in a relatively short distancing between the muscular fibers, which increases the risk of muscle tissue reformation from the healing process and thereby of symptom recurrence. We report two cases of alternative G-POEM techniques that may reduce this risk ([Video 1]).
Origins of music in credible signaling
Authors: Samuel A. Mehr, Max M. Krasnow, Gregory A. Bryant, Edward H. Hagen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2020)

Abstract Music comprises a diverse category of cognitive phenomena that likely represent both the effects of psychological adaptations that are specific to music (e.g., rhythmic entrainment) and the effects of adaptations for non-musical functions (e.g., auditory scene analysis). How did music evolve? Here, we show that prevailing views on the evolution of music – that music is a byproduct of other evolved faculties, evolved for social bonding, or evolved to signal mate quality – are incomplete or wrong. We argue instead that music evolved as a credible signal in at least two contexts: coalitional interactions and infant care. Specifically, we propose that (1) the production and reception of coordinated, entrained rhythmic displays is a co-evolved system for credibly signaling coalition strength, size, and coordination ability; and (2) the production and reception of infant-directed song is a co-evolved system for credibly signaling parental attention to secondarily altricial infants. These proposals, supported by interdisciplinary evidence, suggest that basic features of music, such as melody and rhythm, result from adaptations in the proper domain of human music. The adaptations provide a foundation for the cultural evolution of music in its actual domain, yielding the diversity of musical forms and musical behaviors found worldwide.
The correlation between the expression of ABH and Lewis A histo-blood group antigens and the biological behavior of primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma
Authors: J. LI, X. Zhou, Q. Liu, Z. Wang, Y. LI, Y. LI
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e19066 Objective: To investigate the correlation between the expression of ABH and Lewis A histo-blood group antigens and the differentiation, tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis and prognosis of primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Methods: The expression of ABH and Lewis A histo-blood group antigens were detected in normal tissue (n=30), primary adenocarcinoma (n=103) and corresponding metastatic lesion (n=41) with immunohistochemistry S-P method. Results: The positive expression of A, B, H antigens was found in normal corresponding pulmonary tissue. While in cancer tissue, such expression was absent. The absence in poorly differentiated tumor was significantly higher than in moderate and highly differentiated cell (P&lt;0.001). And the absent expression was statistically higher in tumor with metastasis than in without metastasis (P=0.036),higher in N 2 than in N 1 group, higher in secondary tumor in than primary focus(P=0.008).There was significantly statistical difference on the absent expression rates among normal pulmonary tissue, primary tumor and metastatic tumor (P&lt;0.001), and having a tendency of increased absence rate. The expression of Lewis A antigen was markedly higher in pulmonary adenocarcinoma than in normal tissue (P=0.024). Concerning Lewis A expression, the significant difference was found in Stage I,II and III+IV cancers (P=0.001), while the positive expression rate in advanced cancer (StageII+III+IV) was remarkably higher than in early cancer (Stage I) . The 5-year survival of positive expression of ABH antigen was 25%, higher than that in negative expression group (P&lt;0.0001). The 5-year survival in positive expression of Lewis A antigen was 7%, lower than in negative group (P=0.0002). Conclusions: The absence of ABH antigen is closely correlated with tumorigenesis, poor differentiation, and metastasis of primary adenocarcinoma. The detection of ABH, Lewis A antigen may be of vital significance for the prognosis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cardiovascular Telemedicine Program in Rural Australia
Authors: Adam C Scott, Alice McDonald, Tiffany Roberts, Curtis Martin, Timothy Manns, Meghan Webster, David Walker, Alan Sandford, Paul Scuffham, John J Atherton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Telemedicine Program in Rural Australia A telemedicine program was established in two rural areas of Australia to provide remote guidance for exercise stress testing and Holter monitoring. The prog...
Willpower with and without effort
Authors: George Ainslie
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2020)

Most authors who discuss willpower assume that everyone knows what it is, but our assumptions differ to such an extent that we talk past each other. We agree that willpower is the psychological function that resists temptations - variously known as impulses, addictions, or bad habits; that it operates simultaneously with temptations, without prior commitment; and that use of it is limited by its cost, commonly called effort, as well as by the person's skill at executive functioning. However, accounts are usually not clear about how motivation functions during the application of willpower, or how motivation is related to effort. Some accounts depict willpower as the perceiving or formation of motivational contingencies that outweigh the temptation, and some depict it as a continuous use of mechanisms that interfere with re-weighing the temptation. Some others now suggest that impulse control can bypass motivation altogether, although they refer to this route as habit rather than willpower.It is argued here that willpower should be recognized as either or both of two distinct functions, which can be called resolve and suppression. Resolve is based on interpretation of a current choice as a test case for a broader set of future choices, which puts at stake more than the outcome of the current choice. Suppression is inhibiting valuation of (modulating) and/or keeping attention from (filtering) immediate alternatives to a current intention. Perception of current choices as test cases for broader outcomes may result in reliable preference for these outcomes, which is experienced as an effortless habit - a successful result of resolve, not an alternative method of self-control. Some possible brain imaging correlates are reviewed.
Abstract 14012: Opportunities to Improve the Efficacy and Safety of Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in Atrial Fibrillation—Insights From a Multistate Healthcare System
Authors: Tyler J Gluckman, Amir Ali, Mansen Wang, Howard Mun, Sally Alfred, John L Petersen
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) effectively reduce thromboembolic risk in atrial fibrillation (AF), but are limited by a narrow therapeutic window. Patients with reduced time in the ther...
Pain management during the withholding and withdrawal of life support in critically ill patients at the end-of-life: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Andres Laserna, Alejandro Durán-Crane, María A. López-Olivo, John A. Cuenca, Cosmo Fowler, Diana Paola Díaz, Yenny R. Cardenas, Catherine Urso, Keara O’Connell, Clara Fowler, Kristen J. Price, Charles L. Sprung, Joseph L. Nates
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2020)
SP0137 Psychological needs of people with rare rheumatic diseases
Authors: T Pimm
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Objective</h3> To review the literature on the psychological needs of people with rare rheumatic diseases. There is an extensive research literature on the psychological impact of rheumatic disease, the role of psychological factors in aetiology and outcome and psychological intervention. However the majority of psychological research on specific rheumatic diseases has focused on common conditions such as RA, OA, and AS. Review of the literature on the psychological needs of adults with rare rheumatic diseases reveals few high quality studies. Experiencing a "rare" rheumatic disease may present the person with particular psychological challenges e.g. diagnostic uncertainty, treatment side-effects and lack of peer support. There is evidence that many rare rheumatic diseases can have specific psychological consequences including Neuropsychological, emotional, body image and psychosexual difficulties. There is some evidence that psychological factors may be related to outcome in some rare rheumatic diseases. These issues will be illustrated with examples of studies with vasculitis, scleroderma, Sjorgren syndrome, Lyme's disease and Behcet's disease. In conclusion many people with rare rheumatic diseases have specific and significant psychological needs. Research is needed to enhance our understanding of the contribution of psychological factors to the development and course of rare rheumatic diseases and on psychological interventions to address these issues.
SAT0107 Young adults with juvenile arthritis (ja) in remission attain improved nutritional status compared with healthy controls
Authors: M Haugen, G Lien, B Flatø, Ø Førre
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of the study was to compare nutritional status in adults with a history of JA with nutritional status in healthy subjects. <h3>Methods</h3> All patients diagnosed with JA between 1980–1985 were re-investigated in 1997. Eighty-eight female patients and 51 male patients were &gt;20 years of age and in remission at the time-point of investigation. Mean age was 25.2 ± 2.8 years in females and 25.0 ± 3.0 years in males. Mean age at disease debut was 9.7 ± 3.2 in the females and 10.1 ± 3.4 in the males. Median years (range) with active disease was 6.7 (0.3–25.1) in the female group and 3.3 (0.1–15.5) in the male group. Forty-one healthy females (mean age 27.4 ± 3.1 years) and 54 healthy males (mean age 25.7 ± 3.1 years) were recruited from a military base in the Oslo area as controls. Total body lean body mass and body fat percentages were measured with DXA scanner (Lunar Expert). As laboratory measurements serum albumin concentration and haemoglobin concentrations were measured. Dietary intake was evaluated from a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. <h3>Results</h3> While Body Mass Index (weight/height2) was similar in the two groups the subjects with a history of JA had significantly more lean mass than the healthy controls (p &lt; 0.01 for both females and males) and had significantly lower percentage of body fat (p &lt; 0.001 in both females and males). The subjects with a history of JA had a statistical significant higher concentration of haemoglobin (p &lt; 0.001 for the females and p &lt; 0.05 for the males) and serum albumin concentration (p &lt; 0.001 for both) compared with the healthy controls. The patient groups had a higher energy intake per kilo body weight and fat intake than the control group, though this was only statistical significant in the male group (p &lt; 0,05). The frequency and amount of physical activity at the time-point of investigation was similar in the patients with a history of JA and the controls. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Nutritional status in young adults with a history of JA does not seem to affected by disease during puberty, at least not negatively.