tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P337: Adolescent Sleep is Associated With Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Patterns
Authors: Jessica A Parascando, Fan He, Steriani Elavsky, Edward O Bixler, Julio Fernandez-Mendoza, Alexandros N Vgontzas, Duanping Liao
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: A decrease in sleep quantity and quality is a growing concern in the adolescent population. Concurrently, an increase in physical inactivity has been shown to be related to numerous health consequences. There is a lack of literature on the relationship between sleep, physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in the adolescent population, particularly looking at night-to-night sleep irregularity. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that increased PA and decreased SB in both objective and subject modalities would be associated with greater habitual sleep duration (HSD) and lesser habitual sleep variability (HSV) in this adolescent population. Methods: Objective and subjective sleep and activity measurements were collected from 295 adolescents in the Penn State Child Cohort follow-up examination. Objectively-measured variables were obtained through 7 consecutive days of actigraphy collection. HSD was calculated as the average sleep duration across 7 nights, and HSV was calculated as the standard deviation (SD) of intra-individual sleep duration. Subjects with &lt;5 nights of sleep data were excluded from analysis. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect subjectively-measured sleep, PA, and SB data. The relationships between sleep and behavior measures were assessed using linear regressions. All models were adjusted for age, sex, race and BMI percentile. Results: On average, our sample was 16.8 years, 52% male, and 79% white. We found that higher SB was associated with shorter HSD. With one SD change in objectively-measured SB (1014 minutes), HSD is reduced by 16 (3.6) minutes (p&lt;0.05). Although not statistically significant, subjective SB showed a similar pattern. Unexpectedly, both objective and subjective measures of increased PA were associated with shorter HSD. In terms of HSV, we found that higher subjective SB was associated with greater HSV; specifically, with one SD change in subjectively-measured SB (8.64 points), HSV increased by 0.011 (0.004) minutes. None of the PA measures were significantly associated with HSV. Conclusions: In conclusion, objectively-measured sleep patterns are related to physical activity/inactivity. Our results emphasize the need of future studies to systematically assess the inter-relationship of sleep and physical activity in this population.
Colonoscopy-assisted application of a 14/6t over-the-scope clip for treatment of a bleeding Dieulafoy lesion in the distal jejunum
Authors: Carlo Jung, Steffen Kunsch, Sebastian Bremer, Richard Knoop, Volker Ellenrieder, Edris Wedi
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

A 69-year-old patient with massive hematemesis was transferred to our intensive care unit. Additional clinical symptoms were melena, fatigue, and severe anemia with an initial hemoglobin level of 6.9 g/dL. The patient’s medical history was uneventful and without significant comorbidity. Previous endoscopic examinations performed elsewhere had revealed an angiodysplastic lesion in the gastric fundus, as well as two non-bleeding angiodysplastic lesions in the cecum, which had been treated with argon plasma coagulation (APC) and hemoclip application. Unfortunately, the patient’s physical condition progressively worsened, with severe gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, tachycardia, and hypotension despite endoscopic intervention and the transfusion of numerous units of red blood cells (n = 12) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) over the next 72 hours. The clinical course was additionally complicated by aspiration-induced pneumonia and antibiotic treatment was required (ceftriaxone 2 g once daily and metronidazole 500 mg three times per day).
Drug Induced Anaphylaxis: Are There Differences Comparing to Food Triggered Reactions?
Authors: Patricia Guerzet Ayres Bastos, Patrícia Guerzet, Barbara Martins Aquino, Renata R. Cocco, Dirceu Sole, Inês Cristina Camelo-Nunes, Luis Felipe Ensina
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Continuous Mobile Wearable Bio-Monitoring of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients Undergoing Initial Chemotherapy
Authors: Elizabet Tavitian, Donna Mastey, Meghan Salcedo, Andrew Zarski, Aisara Chansakul, Victoria Diab, Sham Mailankody, Hani Hassoun, Alexander M. Lesokhin, Nikoletta Lendvai, Eric L. Smith, Malin Hultcrantz, Allison Sams, Margaret Davis, Erin Davis, Sarah Puklin, Ashley Steinberger, Gunjan L. Shah, Ola Landgren, Thomas Atkinson, Joseph Lengfellner, Neha Korde
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 15628: Prevalence of Non-Pulmonary Vein Triggers in Patients With Previous History Of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Undergoing Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Sanghamitra Mohanty, Chintan Trivedi, Luigi Di Biase, Mahmut F Gunes, Yalcin Gokoglan, Rong Bai, John David Burkhardt, Javier Sanchez, Patrick Hranitzky, G. J Gallinghouse, Amin Al-Ahmad, Rodney Horton, Richard Hongo, Steven Hao, Salwa Beheiry, Andrea Natale
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Post-operative atrial fibrillation (AF) is reported in up to 5-40% of patients following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Age-related atrial dilatation and fibrosis, electrical remodeling, autonomic imbalance and post-operative inflammation are few of the many pathophysiological factors that play an important role in the genesis and persistence of post-CABG AF. Recent data on fibroblast-myocyte interaction indicates the central role of cardiac fibrosis in the origin of non-pulmonary vein (non-PV) drivers that serve as a source for maintenance of AF. Therefore, we sought to examine the prevalence of non-PV triggers and their impact on ablation outcome in post-CABG AF patients. Methods: Two-hundred sixty seven patients with history of CABG undergoing catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation were included in this analysis (61±11 years, 69% male, LVEF 50±10%, LA size 41.0±6.8mm, non-PAF 72%). All patients underwent pulmonary vein antrum (PVAI) and posterior wall isolation. Non-PV triggers were defined as ectopic triggers originating from sites other than pulmonary veins such as interatrial septum, superior vena cava, left atrial appendage, coronary sinus, ligament of Marshall, crista terminalis. Those were identified by isoproterenol challenge and were ablated based on operator choice. Results: During ablation, non-PV triggers were detected in 243 (91%) patients. The triggers were most commonly mapped to CS (62%) and LAA (70%). Additional sites of non-PV triggers were LA septum, superior vena cave, crista terminalis and mitral valve annulus. Based on operator choice, non-PV triggers were ablated in 118 of the 243 patients and not targeted in 125 patients. At the end of 32±7 month follow-up after a single procedure, overall success rate was 130 (53.5%). Of the 118 patients undergoing non-PV trigger ablation, 81(68.6%) patients remained arrhythmia-free off anti-arrhythmic drugs compared to 49 of 125 (39.2%) where non-PV ablation was not performed (log rank p &lt;0.001, hazard ratio 3.76 [95% CI 2-6.43]). Conclusion: Our results for the first time demonstrate that non-PV foci are highly prevalent in post-CABG AF patients and ablation of those triggers results in significantly better long-term outcome.
The effect of radiographic emphysema in assessing lung cancer risk
Authors: Patrick C Yong, Keith Sigel, Juan Pablo de-Torres, Grace Mhango, Minal Kale, Chung Yin Kong, Javier J Zulueta, David Wilson, Stacey-Ann Whittaker Brown, Christopher Slatore, Juan Wisnivesky
Journal: Thorax (2019)

Purpose Lung cancer risk models optimise screening by identifying subjects at highest risk, but none of them consider emphysema, a risk factor identifiable on baseline screen. Subjects with a negative baseline low-dose CT (LDCT) screen are at lower risk for subsequent diagnosis and may benefit from risk stratification prior to additional screening, thus we investigated the role of radiographic emphysema as an additional predictor of lung cancer diagnosis in participants with negative baseline LDCT screens of the National Lung Screening Trial. Methods Our cohorts consist of participants with a negative baseline (T0) LDCT screen (n=16 624) and participants who subsequently had a negative 1-year follow-up (T1) screen (n=14 530). Lung cancer risk scores were calculated using the Bach, PLCOm2012 and Liverpool Lung Project models. Risk of incident lung cancer diagnosis at the end of the study and number screened per incident lung cancer were compared between participants with and without radiographic emphysema. Results Radiographic emphysema was independently associated with nearly double the hazard of lung cancer diagnosis at both the second (T1) and third (T2) annual LDCT in all three risk models (HR range 1.9–2.0, p&lt;0.001 for all comparisons). The number screened per incident lung cancer was considerably lower in participants with radiographic emphysema (62 vs 28 at T1 and 91 vs 40 at T2). Conclusion Radiographic emphysema is an independent predictor of lung cancer diagnosis and may help guide decisions surrounding further screening for eligible patients.
Nomenclature of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels
Authors: Eric A. Ertel, Kevin P. Campbell, Michael M. Harpold, Franz Hofmann, Yasuo Mori, Edward Perez-Reyes, Arnold Schwartz, Terry P. Snutch, Tsutomu Tanabe, Lutz Birnbaumer, Richard W. Tsien, William A. Catterall
Journal: Neuron (2000)
Association of Diagnostic Criteria With Urinary Tract Infection Prevalence in Bronchiolitis
Authors: Corrie E. McDaniel, Shawn Ralston, Brian Lucas, Alan R. Schroeder
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> Concomitant urinary tract infection (UTI) is a frequent concern in febrile infants with bronchiolitis, with a prior meta-analysis suggesting a prevalence of 3.3%. However, the definition of UTI in these studies has generally not incorporated urinalysis (UA) results. <h3>Objective</h3> To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the prevalence of UTI in infants with bronchiolitis when positive UA results are incorporated into the UTI definition. <h3>Data Sources</h3> Medline (1946-2017) and Ovid EMBASE (1976-2017) through August 2017 and bibliographies of retrieved articles. <h3>Study Selection</h3> Studies reporting UTI prevalence in bronchiolitis. <h3>Data Extraction</h3> Data were extracted in accordance with meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology guidelines via independent abstraction by multiple investigators. Random-effects models generated a weighted pooled event rate with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Prevalence of UTI. <h3>Results</h3> We screened 477 unique articles by abstract, with full-text review of 30 studies. Eighteen bronchiolitis studies reported a UTI prevalence and 7 of these reported UA data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The overall reported prevalence of UTI in bronchiolitis from these 18 studies was 3.1% (95% CI, 1.8%-4.6%). With the addition of positive UA results (defined as the presence of pyuria or nitrites) as a diagnostic criterion, the prevalence of UTI as reported in the 7 studies in bronchiolitis was 0.8% (95% CI, 0.3%-1.4%). Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results, including for infants younger than 90 days. Heterogeneous definitions of UTI and UA criteria introduced uncertainty into prevalence estimates. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> When a positive UA result is added as a diagnostic criterion, the estimated prevalence of concomitant UTI is less than recommended testing thresholds for bronchiolitis.
Treatment of Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Min Yuen Teo, Dana E. Rathkopf, Philip Kantoff
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2019)

The therapeutic landscape of prostate cancer has been transformed over the last decade by new therapeutics, advanced functional imaging, next-generation sequencing, and better use of existing therapies in early-stage disease. Until 2004, progression on androgen deprivation therapy for metastatic disease was treated with the addition of secondary hormonal manipulation; in the last decade, six systemic agents have been approved for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. We review clinical trials and survival benefit for these therapies and assess how the understanding of the disease shifted as these therapies were developed. We also discuss advances in noncastrate disease states, identification of biomarkers for prognosis and treatment selection, and opportunities in locoregional therapy to delay androgen deprivation therapy.
Peripheral Neuropathy and the Ceruloplasmin Gene
Authors: Hani Kushlaf
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

Letters19 February 2019Peripheral Neuropathy and the Ceruloplasmin GeneHani Kushlaf, MDHani Kushlaf, MDUniversity of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio (H.K.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L18-0629 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read Hines and colleagues' case report (1) on peripheral neuropathy and the ceruloplasmin gene with interest. The authors nicely illustrated the presence of the genetic abnormality; however, they did not show substantive evidence of polyneuropathy in both patients. In a typical patient with metabolic/toxic polyneuropathy, the neurologic symptoms in the arms and legs are symmetric and length dependent (2). Furthermore, electromyography in large-fiber polyneuropathy would show at least distal abnormalities in sensory nerve action potentials (such as the sural or medial plantar sensory response and, if more severe, those in the hands). Q-Sweat (WR Medical Electronics) ...References1. Hines MC, Bonkovsky HL, Rudnick SR, Mhoon JT. Peripheral neuropathy and the ceruloplasmin gene. Ann Intern Med. 2018;168:894-5. [PMID: 29482220]. doi:10.7326/L17-0621 LinkGoogle Scholar2. England JD, Gronseth GS, Franklin G, Miller RG, Asbury AK, Carter GT, et al; American Academy of Neurology. Distal symmetric polyneuropathy: a definition for clinical research: report of the American Academy of Neurology, the American Association of Electrodiagnostic Medicine, and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Neurology. 2005;64:199-207. [PMID: 15668414] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Terkelsen AJ, Karlsson P, Lauria G, Freeman R, Finnerup NB, Jensen TS. The diagnostic challenge of small fibre neuropathy: clinical presentations, evaluations, and causes. Lancet Neurol. 2017;16:934-44. [PMID: 29029847] doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30329-0 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio (H.K.)Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L18-0629. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPeripheral Neuropathy and the Ceruloplasmin Gene Marc C. Hines Jr. , Herbert L. Bonkovsky , Sean R. Rudnick , and Justin T. Mhoon Metrics 19 February 2019Volume 170, Issue 4Page: 282KeywordsBiopsyDisclosureElectromyographyGeneticsMusclesNervesNeuropathyPeripheral neuropathyReflexesTemperature ePublished: 19 February 2019 Issue Published: 19 February 2019 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2019 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Efficacy and Safety of Decitabine in Combination with G-CSF, Low-Dose Cytarabine and Aclarubicin in MDS-EB and AML-MRC
Authors: Jing Liu, Jinsong Jia, Li-Zhong Gong, Shen-ye Lu, Hong-Hu Zhu, Xiao-Jun Huang, Hao Jiang
Journal: Blood (2017)
Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: Adrienne G. Waks, Eric P. Winer
Journal: JAMA (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> Breast cancer will be diagnosed in 12% of women in the United States over the course of their lifetimes and more than 250 000 new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed in the United States in 2017. This review focuses on current approaches and evolving strategies for local and systemic therapy of breast cancer. <h3>Observations</h3> Breast cancer is categorized into 3 major subtypes based on the presence or absence of molecular markers for estrogen or progesterone receptors and human epidermal growth factor 2 (<i>ERBB2</i>; formerly<i>HER2</i>): hormone receptor positive/<i>ERBB2 </i>negative (70% of patients),<i>ERBB2</i>positive (15%-20%), and triple-negative (tumors lacking all 3 standard molecular markers; 15%). More than 90% of breast cancers are not metastatic at the time of diagnosis. For people presenting without metastatic disease, therapeutic goals are tumor eradication and preventing recurrence. Triple-negative breast cancer is more likely to recur than the other 2 subtypes, with 85% 5-year breast cancer–specific survival for stage I triple-negative tumors vs 94% to 99% for hormone receptor positive and<i>ERBB2</i>positive. Systemic therapy for nonmetastatic breast cancer is determined by subtype: patients with hormone receptor–positive tumors receive endocrine therapy, and a minority receive chemotherapy as well; patients with<i>ERBB2</i>-positive tumors receive<i>ERBB2</i>-targeted antibody or small-molecule inhibitor therapy combined with chemotherapy; and patients with triple-negative tumors receive chemotherapy alone. Local therapy for all patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer consists of surgical resection, with consideration of postoperative radiation if lumpectomy is performed. Increasingly, some systemic therapy is delivered before surgery. Tailoring postoperative treatment based on preoperative treatment response is under investigation. Metastatic breast cancer is treated according to subtype, with goals of prolonging life and palliating symptoms. Median overall survival for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer is approximately 1 year vs approximately 5 years for the other 2 subtypes. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Breast cancer consists of 3 major tumor subtypes categorized according to estrogen or progesterone receptor expression and<i>ERBB2</i>gene amplification. The 3 subtypes have distinct risk profiles and treatment strategies. Optimal therapy for each patient depends on tumor subtype, anatomic cancer stage, and patient preferences.
Human tumor-associated monocytes/macrophages and their regulation of T cell responses in early-stage lung cancer
Authors: Sunil Singhal, Jason Stadanlick, Michael J. Annunziata, Abhishek S. Rao, Pratik S. Bhojnagarwala, Shaun O’Brien, Edmund K. Moon, Edward Cantu, Gwenn Danet-Desnoyers, Hyun-Jeong Ra, Leslie Litzky, Tatiana Akimova, Ulf H. Beier, Wayne W. Hancock, Steven M. Albelda, Evgeniy B. Eruslanov
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2019)

PD-L1 + tumor cells, but not macrophages, are likely responsible for inhibiting tumor-specific T cells in early-stage human lung tumors.
Abstract 14695: Ultrastructural Abnormalities in the Absence of Structural Cardiomyopathy in Plakophilin-2 Deficient Mice
Authors: Alejandra Leo-Macias, Alejandra Gutierrez, Feng-Xia Liang, Mario Delmar
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Most cases of familial arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) result from mutations in desmosomal proteins. Desmosomes are structural components of the cardiac intercalated disc, and can be visualized ...
Abstract 17984: No Longer Silent: A Synonymous Coding SNP Modifying a Novel MicroRNA-24:SCN5A Interaction Associates With Non-Arrhythmic Death in Heart Failure
Authors: Ryan L Boudreau, Ryan M Spengler, Jessica M Skeie, Xiaoming Zhang, Congsheng Cheng, Jin-Young Yoon, Rebecca A Gutmann, Heather L Bloom, Samuel C Dudley, Patrick T Ellinor, Alaa A Shalaby, Raul Weiss, Frances L Johnson, Beverly L Davidson, Barry London
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Mutations that disrupt the coding sequence of Nav1.5, the cardiac Na+ channel encoded by SCN5A, cause inherited arrhythmias and cardiomyopathy. Changes in Nav1.5 splice isoforms, localization and function have also been associated with prognosis in acquired heart disease. However, the role of genetic variants in SCN5A gene regulatory sequences (e.g. those modulating expression) remains poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRs) have emerged as vital gene regulators in heart, having roles in cardiogenesis, contractile function, and disease. These small non-coding RNAs are loaded into Argonaute proteins to direct post-transcriptional gene suppression by base-pairing with target transcripts, and genetic variants altering miR binding sequences may influence disease. Here, we used high-throughput biochemical means (HITS-CLIP) to generate the first transcriptome-wide map of miR binding events in human heart (4000 sites across &gt;2200 genes). Our query of the data uncovered &gt;500 common SNPs residing in or nearby miR target sites. Among these, we identified a synonymous SNP (rs1805126, T/C) which alters a conserved miR-24 binding site in the terminal coding exon of SCN5A. We hypothesized that this SNP affects Nav1.5 expression and contributes to clinical outcomes in heart failure. In vitro experiments showed that miR-24 suppresses Na+ current on patch clamp analysis (~5-fold; p&lt;0.001) and potently inhibits Nav1.5 expression, with rs1805126 allele C showing a greater decrease relative to T (66% vs. 52%, p&lt;0.01). To assess the clinical relevance of this, we genotyped &gt;1800 subjects with EFs≤30% and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) from GRADE, a prospective multicenter study of genetic modulators of heart failure outcomes. We found that CC homozygotes had worse survival rates than T-allele carriers (HR=1.5, p=0.001), but no change in appropriate ICD shocks, a surrogate for sudden death. Together, these data reveal a novel miR-24:SCN5A:SNP regulatory axis that points to a surprising link between cardiac Na+ channel levels and non-arrhythmic death in heart failure. Overall, this work represents a key advance in exploring the interface of cardiac miRs with genetics and disease, perhaps signifying a broader functional relevance for “silent” SNPs.
Molecular Imaging Visualizes Recruitment of Inflammatory Monocytes and Macrophages to the Injured Heart
Authors: Gyu Seong Heo, Benjamin Kopecky, Deborah Sultan, Monica Ou, Guoshuai Feng, Geetika Bajpai, Xiaohui Zhang, Hannah Luehmann, Lisa Detering, Yi Su, Florian Leuschner, Christophe Combadière, Daniel Kreisel, Robert J. Gropler, Steven L. Brody, Yongjian Liu, Kory J. Lavine
Journal: Circulation Research (2019)

Paradigm shifting studies have revealed that the heart contains functionally diverse populations of macrophages derived from distinct embryonic and adult hematopoietic progenitors. Under steady-state conditions, the heart is largely populated by CCR2- (C-C chemokine receptor type 2) macrophages of embryonic descent. After tissue injury, a dramatic shift in macrophage composition occurs whereby CCR2+ monocytes are recruited to the heart and differentiate into inflammatory CCR2+ macrophages that contribute to heart failure progression. Currently, there are no techniques to noninvasively detect CCR2+ monocyte recruitment into the heart and thus identify patients who may be candidates for immunomodulatory therapy.
Abstract 15491: Diagnostic Yield of Non-Invasive Testing in Response to Asymptomatic Non-Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia Detected on Routine Pacemaker Interrogation
Authors: Ganesh Venkataraman, Seunghwan Byun, Marc Wish, Kevin Bliden, Ted Friehling, S. Adam Strickberger
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Asymptomatic non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) detected on routine pacemaker interrogation can lead to further cardiac testing such as an echocardiogram and/or stress test. T...