tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A phase II study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin and oral S-1, followed by surgery for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Tomoshi Tsuchiya, Yoichi Nakamura, Nobuyuki Hayashi, Keitaro Matsumoto, Takuro Miyazaki, Kazuhiro Tabata, Junya Fukuoka, Naoya Yamasaki, Takeshi Nagayasu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

7541 Background: This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We defined locally advanced NSCLC as pathologically proven hilar and/or mediastinal lymph node metastases by endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (E-BUS/TBNA), or chest wall invasion. Methods: Twenty-three patients were enrolled in this study between May 2011 and April 2014. The patients received 40 mg/m2 S-1 twice orally per day on days 1 through 14 and 29 through 42, and cisplatin (60 mg/m2) was injected intravenously on days 8 and 36. The patients also underwent radiotherapy, receiving a total dose of 40 Gy in 20 fractions beginning on day 1. Surgical resection was performed 4 to 6 weeks after completing the induction treatment. Results: The 23 analyzed patients consisted of 5 stage IIB and 18 stage IIIA patients. Thirteen patients with histopathological lymph node metastases were diagnosed by E-BUS/TBNA. Twenty patients completed two courses of induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and achieved surgery (87.0%). Grade 3 adverse reactions included neutropenia (21.7%), leukocytopenia (8.7%), pneumonia (8.7%), increased serum total bilirubin (4.3%), nausea (4.3%), and diarrhea (4.3%). No grade 4 adverse reactions were identified. Radiologically, 7 (30.4%) of the 23 patients achieved partial response, and 14 patients (60.8%) achieved stable disease. Pathologic findings suggested that all operated patients were curatively resected. Comparing preoperative and postoperative histopathology, 6 (26.1%) complete responses were identified. Accordingly, 13 patients (56.5%) were histopathologically downstaged by CRT. Conclusions: Induction treatment using S-1 plus cisplatin and concurrent radiotherapy followed by surgical resection is a feasible and promising new treatment modality for potentially resectable NSCLC. In addition, there was a low incidence of adverse reactions. Evaluation of histopathological downstaging revealed sufficient anticancer effects for preoperative treatment. Clinical trial information: UMIN000008205.
Plasma Exchange for Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Authors: J Tharakan, M Barnett, R E Ferner, E R Brown, R A C Hughes, J Winer, G Smith
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1989)

The impact of plasma exchange (PE) on the treatment of severe Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) was studied by comparing all the 16 patients treated with PE in a London teaching hospital between January 1985 and August 1987, with 64 historical controls drawn from a series of patients observed during a prospective study in South East England in 1983 and 1984. There were no GBS-related deaths in the PE treated group but seven in the historical controls (2P = 0.39). The median duration of ventilation was only 20 days (range 7-64) in the PE group compared with 36 days (range 14-365) in the surviving patients in the control group (2P = 0.06, 95% confidence interval of difference in medians -36 to 0 days). The PE group walked earlier without aid (median 55.5 compared with 86 days, 2P = 0.04, 95% confidence interval of difference in medians -88 to -2 days). Three months after the onset of neuropathy all PE treated patients were able to walk with support or better, whereas 19 of the surviving historical controls were unable to walk even with support (2P = 0.009). The costs of PE were offset by savings in intensive care unit and hospital expenditure.
SAT-113-Non-invasive assessment of HVPG with quantitative MRI measures of liver T1 and superior mesenteric artery velocity at 3T
Authors: Robert Scott, Christopher R Bradley, Eleanor F Cox, Naaventhan Palaniyappan, Gregory Ramjas, Peter Thurley, Neil Guha, Susan Francis, Guruprasad Aithal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
SAT-188-Expansion and genetic modification of primary hepatocytes to study long-term hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Eleftherios Michailidis, Paul Park, Mohammad Kabbani, Liliana Mancio Silva, Yingpu Yu, William M. Schneider, Linda Andrus, Chenhui Zou, Koen Vercauteren, Cyprien Jahan, Brandon Razooky, Corrine Quirk, Amir Shlomai, Sangeeta Bhatia, Charles Rice, Ype P. de Jong
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Screening for Elevated Blood Lead Levels in Children and Pregnant Women
Authors: Susan J. Curry, Alex H. Krist, Douglas K. Owens, Michael J. Barry, Michael Cabana, Aaron B. Caughey, Chyke A. Doubeni, John W. Epling, Alex R. Kemper, Martha Kubik, C. Seth Landefeld, Carol M. Mangione, Lori Pbert, Michael Silverstein, Melissa A. Simon, Chien-Wen Tseng, John B. Wong
Journal: JAMA (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> Elevated blood lead levels in children are associated with neurologic effects such as behavioral and learning problems, lower IQ, hyperactivity, hearing problems, and impaired growth. In pregnant women, lead exposure can impair organ systems such as the hematopoietic, hepatic, renal, and nervous systems, and increase the risk of preeclampsia and adverse perinatal outcomes. Many of the adverse health effects of lead exposure are irreversible. <h3>Objective</h3> To update the 2006 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on screening for elevated blood lead levels in children and pregnant women. <h3>Evidence Review</h3> The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on the benefits and harms of screening for and treatment of elevated blood lead levels. In this update, an elevated blood lead level was defined according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reference level of 5 μg/dL. <h3>Findings</h3> The USPSTF found adequate evidence that questionnaires and other clinical prediction tools to identify asymptomatic children with elevated blood lead levels are inaccurate. The USPSTF found adequate evidence that capillary blood testing accurately identifies children with elevated blood lead levels. The USPSTF found inadequate evidence on the effectiveness of treatment of elevated blood lead levels in asymptomatic children 5 years and younger and in pregnant women. The USPSTF found inadequate evidence regarding the accuracy of questionnaires and other clinical prediction tools to identify asymptomatic pregnant women with elevated blood lead levels. The USPSTF found inadequate evidence on the harms of screening for or treatment of elevated blood lead levels in asymptomatic children and pregnant women. The USPSTF concluded that the current evidence is insufficient, and that the balance of benefits and harms of screening for elevated blood lead levels in asymptomatic children 5 years and younger and in pregnant women cannot be determined. <h3>Conclusions and Recommendation</h3> The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for elevated blood lead levels in asymptomatic children. (I statement) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for elevated blood lead levels in asymptomatic pregnant persons. (I statement)
THU-023-Monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition protects from hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in mouse models of sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Matteo Tardelli, Francesca Bruschi, Thierry Claudel, Claudia Fuchs, Nicole Auer, Victoria Kunczer, Tatjana Stojakovic, Onne Ronda, Henkjan Verkade, Sophie Lotersztajn, Michael Trauner
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Direct interaction of DNMT inhibitors to PrPC suppresses pathogenic process of prion
Authors: Dae-Hwan Kim, Chunyan Ren, Chongsuk Ryou, Jiaojie Li
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2019)

The conversion of the normal cellular prion protein (PrPC) to the misfolded pathogenic scrapie prion protein (PrPSc) is the biochemical hallmark of prion replication. So far, various chemical compounds that inhibit this conformational conversion have been identified. Here, we report the novel anti-prion activity of SGI-1027 and its meta/meta analogue (M/M), previously known only as potent inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). These compounds effectively decreased the level of PrPSc in cultured cells with permanent prion infection, without affecting PrPC at the transcriptional or translational levels. Furthermore, SGI-1027 prevented effective prion infection of the cells. In a PrP aggregation assay, both SGI-1027 and M/M blocked the formation of misfolded PrP aggregates, implying that binding of these compounds hinders the PrP conversion process. A series of binding and docking analyses demonstrated that both SGI-1027 and M/M directly interacted with the C-terminal globular domain of PrPC, but only SGI-1027 bound to a specific region of PrPC with high affinity, which correlates with its potent anti-prion efficacy. Therefore, we report SGI-1027 and related compounds as a novel class of potential anti-prion agents that preferentially function through direct interaction with PrPC.
A prospective study on the association of dose-volume histogram parameters with oesophagitis, radiation pneumonitis, radiation induced pulmonary fibrosis after receiving chemoradiation for NSCLC
Authors: S. Bhowal, K. Chatterjee, J. Dey
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between pulmonary V30, age, gender, smoking history, tumor location & incidence, grade of oesophagitis, radiation pneumonitis (RP) and radiation induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) (within radiotherapy portals) in NSCLC patients treated with chemoradiation. Methods: A hospital-based prospective study of 64 NSCLC patients treated (between November 2017–2018) with chemoradiation (paclitaxel & carboplatin + total 60 Gy in 30# i.e. 2Gy once daily) was conducted. Relationship between pulmonary V30, age, gender, smoking history, tumor location & incidence, grades of oesophagitis, RP, RIPF (HRCT confirmed) with a median follow up of 7 months was analysed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient in SPSS software (multivariate analysis). Kruskal Wallis test was used to test significance. Ethical clearance was obtained from the local ethics committee. Results: 1) Oesophagitis of grade 0,1,2,3,4 was diagnosed in 23,30,8,2&0 patients respectively. Corresponding mean V30 values were 33.8%,34.5%,37.2%,39.6& 41.2% 2) RP of grade 0,1,2,3,4 was detected in 18,19,24,2&1 patients respectively. Corresponding mean V30 values were 21.3%, 22.4%,26.8%,30.0%& 36.2%. 3) RIPF of grade 0,1,2,3,4 was detected in 32,26,8,0&0 patients respectively. Corresponding mean V30 values were 31.2%,34.4%,35.9%,38% &38.6%. 4) Significant correlation was detected between V30≥30%& incidence & grade 2 oesophagitis (p = 0.02, r = 0.86), grade 2 radiation pneumonitis (p = 0.001, r = 0.74), grade 1 RIPF (p = 0.01, r = 0.88). 5) Increasing age (p = 0.03), smoking history (p = 0.04), tumor location i.e. upper vs middle/lower lobe (p = 0.02) had a significant correlation with incidence and grades of oesophagitis, RP, RIPF. Conclusions: Hence, the incidence and grades of oesophagitis, RP, RIPF are significantly related to lung V30≥30%, age, smoking history, and tumor location. Legal entity responsible for the study: Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research & SSKM Hospital, Kolkata. Funding: Institute of post graduate medical education & research & SSKM Hospital, Kolkata. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection for remaining early gastric cancer after endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Hiroyoshi Iwagami, Takashi Kanesaka, Ryu Ishihara, Noriya Uedo
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Salvage treatment for any remaining early gastric cancer after endoscopic resection is a challenge. Conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is difficult for such lesions because severe submucosal fibrosis prevents lifting of the mucosa during submucosal injection. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an option in such cases but requires considerable expertise. Underwater EMR (UEMR), which was proposed by Binmoeller et al. in 2012 for the resection of colorectal polyps, involves filling the lumen with water instead of using a submucosal injection [1] [2]. UEMR has also been adapted for recurrent lesions after piecemeal resection of colorectal polyps and duodenal lesions because of its safety and simplicity [3] [4].
A woman with an itchy hyperpigmentation on her back
Authors: Lieke Hondebrink, Wim Opstelten
Journal: BMJ (2019)

A 67 year old woman with a known history of type 2 diabetes and hypertension visited our general practice because of an itchy skin patch on her back. It had been there for several years and had become darker. She did not have any previously documented dermatological history. On physical examination, we observed an ill defined, slightly raised brownish patch, approximately the size of an adult hand, below her left scapula (fig 1). She had slightly reduced sensation over the affected area on …
Abstract P322: The Relationship Between Neighborhood Food Environment and Adiposity Measures: Data From the Dallas Heart Study
Authors: Marcus R Andrews, Colby Ayers, Joniqua Ceasar, Sophie Claudel, Sandeep Das, Ian Neeland, Kosuke Tamura, Tiffany Powell-Wiley
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Existing research has established a link between dietary intake and adiposity measures, including body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). However, less is known about the relationship between objective food environment quality measures and adiposity [BMI and WC], particularly in diverse populations. Methods: Using cross-sectional data from the 2007-2009 Dallas Heart Study multi-ethnic cohort, we examined the relationship between local food environment quality and adiposity. We measured individuals’ census tract-level food environment quality using the CDC’s Modified Retail Food Environment Index (mRFEI), a ratio of healthy to unhealthy food stores within a ½ mile radius of each census tract (higher mRFEI=more healthy food access). We characterized BMI and WC as continuous measures. Using linear regression, we investigated the relationship between mRFEI and BMI/WC adjusting for confounders [age, gender, race/ethnicity, income, education, smoking status, and neighborhood deprivation index (NDI)]. Models were stratified by NDI to identify if these relationships were moderated by neighborhood deprivation. Results: The study population (n=1835) was 58% non-Hispanic blacks, 27% non-Hispanic whites, and 15% Hispanics. The mRFEI ranged from 0 to 50 across census tracts. In the fully adjusted model, higher mRFEI was associated with higher BMI (β=0.06 p=0.01), but not WC (β=0.09 p=0.13). When stratified by NDI, higher mRFEI was associated with greater BMI and WC in low deprivation areas, but not in medium or high deprivation areas (Figure). Conclusions: Better neighborhood food environment quality was paradoxically associated with higher adiposity in low NDI areas among a diverse population in Dallas County, Texas. Our findings contribute to growing literature around aggregate measures of food environment quality, highlighting potential limitations of the mRFEI in characterizing the impact of the spatial distribution of healthy food outlets on adiposity in lower resource environments.
Research Education and Mentoring Program in Cardiovascular Diseases for Under-Represented Junior Faculty From NHLBI SIPID/PRIDE
Authors: Mohamed Boutjdir, Ademuyiwa S. Aromolaran, Lisa de las Fuentes, Josephine E.A. Boyington, Sonia S. Arteaga, Jared Jobe, Donna B. Jeffe, D.C. Rao, Treva K. Rice, Victor G. Davila-Roman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Abstract 20416: Hospital Admissions for Acute Myocardial Infarctions in HIV Patients
Authors: Ghanshyambhai T Savani, Parth Bhatt, Vikas Singh, Alex P Rodriguez, Nileshkumar J Patel, Badal Thakkar, Vanessa Blumer, Manuel Rivera, Rodrigo Mendirichaga, Vivek Singh, Fenil Patel, Carlos Alfonso, Mauricio G Cohen
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction/Hypothesis: Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been found to be a risk factor for the development of early and more extensive coronary artery disease. Data exami...
Outbreak of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Among Heterosexual Persons Who Are Living Homeless and Inject Drugs — Seattle, Washington, 2018
Authors: Matthew R. Golden, Richard Lechtenberg, Sara N. Glick, Julie Dombrowski, Jeff Duchin, Jennifer R. Reuer, Shireesha Dhanireddy, Santiago Neme, Susan E. Buskin
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2019)

Although diagnoses of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among persons who inject drugs in the United States are declining, an HIV outbreak among such persons in rural Indiana demonstrated that population's vulnerability to HIV infection (1). In August 2018, Public Health-Seattle and King County (PHSKC) identified a cluster of cases of HIV infection among persons living homeless, most of whom injected drugs. Investigation identified 14 related cases diagnosed from February to mid-November 2018 among women who inject drugs and men who have sex with women (MSW) who inject drugs and their sex partners. All 14 persons were living homeless in an approximately 3-square-mile area and were part of a cluster of 23 cases diagnosed since 2008. Twenty-seven cases of HIV infection were diagnosed among women and MSW who inject drugs in King County during January 1-November 15, 2018, a 286% increase over the seven cases diagnosed in 2017. PHSKC has alerted medical and social service providers and the public about the outbreak, expanded HIV testing among persons who inject drugs or who are living homeless, and is working to increase the availability of clinical and prevention services in the geographic area of the outbreak. This outbreak highlights the vulnerability of persons who inject drugs, particularly those who also are living homeless, to outbreaks of HIV infection, even in areas with high levels of viral suppression and large syringe services programs (SSPs).
SAT-076-Long term palliative abdominal drains versus large volume paracentesis in refractory ascites due to cirrhosis: a multi-centre feasibility randomised controlled trial (the REDUCe Study)
Authors: Lucia Macken, Louise Mason, stephen bremner, Heather Gage, Morro Touray, Catherine Evans, Max Cooper, Jean Timeyin, Shani Steer, Debbie Lambert, David Crook, Mark Austin, Nick Parnell, Sam Thomson, David Sheridan, Mark Wright, Peter Isaacs, Ahmed Hashim, Sumita Verma
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced pancreatic injury
Authors: Hamzah Abu-Sbeih, Tenglong Tang, Yang Lu, Selvi Thirumurthi, Mehmet Altan, Amir A. Jazaeri, Ramona Dadu, Emmanuel Coronel, Yinghong Wang
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2019)

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced pancreatic injury (ICIPI) is not well documented in the literature. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients who developed ICIPI.
The Association between Mandated Preseason Heat Acclimatization Guidelines and Exertional Heat Illness during Preseason High School American Football Practices
Authors: Zachary Y. Kerr, Johna K. Register-Mihalik, Riana R. Pryor, Lauren A. Pierpoint, Samantha E. Scarneo, William M. Adams, Kristen L. Kucera, Douglas J. Casa, Stephen W. Marshall
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2019)

Background: The risk of heat-related illness and death may continue to increase in many locations as a consequence of climate change, but information on the effectiveness of policies to protect populations from the adverse effects of excessive heat is limited. In 2009, the National Athletic Trainers' Association Inter-Association Task Force (NATA-IATF) released guidelines to reduce exertional heat illness (EHI) among U.S. high school athletes participating in preseason sports activities, including preseason practice sessions for American football. A subset of state high school athletic associations have implemented state-mandated guidelines consistent with the 2009 NATA-IATF recommendations, but their effectiveness for reducing preseason EHI is unknown. Objectives: This study examines the association between the enactment of state high school athletic association–mandated NATA-IATF guidelines and the rate of EHI among high school students during preseason American football practice sessions. Methods: We performed a quasi-experimental interrupted time-series study of EHI during high school American football practices in the 2005/2006–2016/2017 school years. We estimated state-level EHI rates using High School Reporting Information Online injury and athlete-exposure data, and used generalized estimating equations Poisson regression models to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing state-years with and without mandated NATA-IATF guidelines. State-level covariates included state-year–specific average August temperatures, yearly deviations from each state's August average temperature across the study period, and school year. Results: Data were available for 455 state-years from 48 states, including 32 state-years (7.0%) from 8 states when mandated guidelines consistent with the NATA-IATF recommendations were implemented. During an estimated 2,697,089 athlete-exposures, 190 EHIs were reported. Estimated preseason EHI rates were lower during state-years with versus without mandated guidelines (adjusted IRR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.87). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that high school athletes would benefit from enactment of the 2009 NATA-IATF guidelines. Similar analyses of the effectiveness of other public health policies to reduce adverse health effects from ambient heat are warranted. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4163
Profiling the Mutational Landscape in Known Driver Genes and Novel Genes in African American Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Christine M. Lusk, Donovan Watza, Greg Dyson, Douglas Craig, Valerie Ratliff, Angela S. Wenzlaff, Fulvio Lonardo, Aliccia Bollig-Fischer, Gerold Bepler, Kristen Purrington, Shirish Gadgeel, Ann G. Schwartz
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Identifying novel driver genes and mutations in African American non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases can inform targeted therapy and improve outcomes for this traditionally underrepresented population.
Abstract 10319: The Role of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting Contrast Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Presenting With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Khurram Butt, Jason Dsouza, Michelle Nguyen, Aadil Maqsood, Jayapriya Jayakumaran, Khalid Abusaada
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Contrast induced acute nephropathy (CIN) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the setting of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is associated with adverse ou...