tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0079 FEATURES OF CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH ACTIVE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN THE PRESENCE OF SIGNS OF CENTRAL SENSITIZATION
Authors: A. Karateev, E. Filatova, E. Pogozheva, V. Amirdzhanova, E. Nasonov, A. Lila
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: The presence of central sensitization (CS) is observed in 25-30% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CS is associated with more severe pain, depression, and anxiety. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of CS on activity indicators and clinical manifestations in patients with active RA. Methods: The study group consisted of 60 patients with medium or high RA activity (DAS28 ≥3.2), 75% female, age 54.5±17.8 years, 82.1% RF “+”, 75% ACPA “+”. DN4 and PainDETECT questionnaires were used to identify CS signs. Signs of CS were detected in 43% of patients. Clinical parameters and indicators of disease activity in patients with RA CS “+” and CS “- “were compared. Results: Groups of patients with RA CS “+” and CS “-” did not differ in age - 55.5 [48.0; 67.5] and 54.0 [40.0; 62.0], p=0.26, body mass index - 24.54 [22.6; 26.78] and 25.04 [21.34; 29.665] kg/m2, p=0.64, duration of illness: 6.5 [2.5; 13.0] and 10.0 [5.0; 16.5] years, p=0.13, level of C-reactive protein: 7.2 [1.0; 23.4] and 8.1 [3.6; 24.3], p=0.53. SC “+” patients had a higher level of pain on a visual analog scale, VAS (patient score) - 70.0 [60.0; 80.0] and 60.0 [40.0; 70.0], P=0.01; DAS28 - 5.33 [3.38; 6.42] and 4.5 [3.645; 5.4], p=0.04; EQ-5D - 0.52 [0.02; 0.52] and 0.59 [0.52; 0.71], p=0.01; anxiety level (Hads-T) - 8.0 [7.0; 10.0] and 4.5 [2.5; 6.0], p=0.001 and depression (Hads-D) - 7.5 [6.0; 10.5] and 5.0 [2.5; 7.5], p=0.02. The groups did not differ significantly in the values of SDAI, CDAI, and HAQ, as well as in the assessment of health by the doctor (VAS) - 60.0 [50.0; 70.0] and 60.0 [50.0; 60.0], p=0.42. Conclusion: The presence of SC is associated with more intense pain, anxiety, depression, and DAS28 activity. This should be taken into account when planning therapy, including deciding whether to “switch” DMARDs and prescribing antidepressants and anticonvulsants. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Peripheral host T cells survive hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and promote graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Sherrie J. Divito, Anders T. Aasebø, Tiago R. Matos, Pei-Chen Hsieh, Matthew Collin, Christopher P. Elco, John T. O’Malley, Espen S. Bækkevold, Henrik Reims, Tobias Gedde-Dahl, Michael Hagerstrom, Jude Hilaire, John W. Lian, Edgar L. Milford, Geraldine S. Pinkus, Vincent T. Ho, Robert J. Soiffer, Haesook T. Kim, Martin C. Mihm, Jerome Ritz, Indira Guleria, Corey S. Cutler, Rachael A. Clark, Frode L. Jahnsen, Thomas S. Kupper
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Donor T cells are key mediators in pathogenesis, but a contribution from host T cells has not been explored, as conditioning regimens are believed to deplete host T cells. To evaluate a potential role for host T cells in GVHD, the origin of skin and blood T cells was assessed prospectively in patients after HSCT in the absence of GVHD. While blood contained primarily donor-derived T cells, most T cells in the skin were host derived. We next examined patient skin, colon, and blood during acute GVHD. Host T cells were present in all skin and colon acute GVHD specimens studied, yet were largely absent in blood. We observed acute skin GVHD in the presence of 100% host T cells. Analysis demonstrated that a subset of host T cells in peripheral tissues were proliferating (Ki67+) and producing the proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and IL-17 in situ. Comparatively, the majority of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in tissue in acute GVHD were donor derived, and donor-derived APCs were observed directly adjacent to host T cells. A humanized mouse model demonstrated that host skin-resident T cells could be activated by donor monocytes to generate a GVHD-like dermatitis. Thus, host tissue-resident T cells may play a previously unappreciated pathogenic role in acute GVHD.
COVID-19 and measles: double trouble for Burundi
Authors: Sanjeet Bagcchi
Journal: The Lancet Microbe (2020)

As of May 19, 2020, Burundi has reported 42 cases of COVID-19 and one death from the disesase, compared with 63 521 cases and 1796 deaths reported across Africa by WHO. Burundi had its presidential election on May 20, and before the election, the foreign ministry asked WHO representatives—who had reportedly expressed concerns over crowded rallies held by politicians—to leave the country, with no explanation provided. Media reports claim that authorities in Burundi have underestimated the risks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and relied on divine protection, instead of adopting specific health measures to contain the pandemic.
Covid-19: Test and trace system is not fit for purpose, says Independent SAGE
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Covid-19: Test and trace system is not fit for purpose, says Independent SAGE Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Outbreak of chilblain-like acral lesions in children in the metropolitan area of Milan, Italy, during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cristiana Colonna, Giovanni Genovese, Nicola Adriano Monzani, Marina Picca, Francesca Boggio, Raffaele Gianotti, Angelo Valerio Marzano
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Infection prevention guidelines and considerations for paediatric risk groups when reopening primary schools during COVID-19 pandemic, Norway, April 2020
Authors: Tone Bjordal Johansen, Elisabeth Astrup, Solveig Jore, Hege Nilssen, Bente Barton Dahlberg, Claus Klingenberg, Are Stuwitz Berg, Margrethe Greve-Isdahl
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2020)

In response to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, most countries implemented school closures. In Norway, schools closed on 13 March 2020. The evidence of effect on disease transmission was limited, while negative consequences were evident. Before reopening, risk-assessment for paediatric risk groups was performed, concluding that most children can attend school with few conditions requiring preventative homeschooling. We here present infection prevention and control guidelines for primary schools and recommendations for paediatric risk groups.
Abstract IA22: Systems approach to rational combination therapy
Authors: Gordon B. Mills
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Tumors evolve under therapeutic pressure both through rapid epigenomic mechanisms primarily at the protein network level and long-term genomic evolution. The realization of the promise of personalized molecular medicine will require efficient development and implementation of effective combination therapies able to capitalize on or interdict tumor evolution under therapeutic pressure. While we are beginning to develop a series of biomarkers able to predict which patients will benefit from monotherapy, our ability to predict which combination therapies will be active in particular patients is in its infancy. Integration of spatially oriented DNA, RNA, and protein information content as they change under therapeutic pressure has the potential to help identify patients likely to respond to combination therapy. Therapy resistance can be pre-existing, adaptive, or acquired. Resistance can also occur through a heterogeneity of molecular changes within the tumor and metastases. Adaptive resistance, which is the consequence of activation of homeostatic loops and phylogenetically conserved stress responses, provides a potential therapeutic liability that can be leveraged for rational combinatorial therapy. Thus, a comprehensive analysis of patient tumors before, during, and after treatment should become the standard of practice to enable identification of mechanisms of resistance as well as to allow rapid evolution of patient therapy. Testing these precepts will require the development and implementation of novel biopsy-driven trial designs and CLIA-compliant analytics that can be deployed in real time to allow rapid evolution of therapeutic approaches. We have implemented a suite of biopsy-driven trials linked to deep molecular analysis with the goal of rapid identification of tumor evolution to enable change in therapy to counter tumor evolution as it arises. We have implemented a series of studies based on PARP inhibitors as a backbone with the goal of increasing the depth and duration of response while at the same time extending the population of patients who benefit beyond those with homologous recombination defects. Concurrently, we have a series of n-of-one studies with combinations of FDA-approved drugs. Early data suggest that these approaches have the potential to greatly improve patient outcomes. Citation Format: Gordon B. Mills. Systems approach to rational combination therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Evolving Landscape of Cancer Modeling; 2020 Mar 2-5; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(11 Suppl):Abstract nr IA22.
Response to: ‘Pisotriquetral arthritis: ‘forgotten’ joint in ultrasound imaging of the wrist’ by Becciolini<i>et al</i>
Authors: Andrea Di Matteo, Kulveer Mankia, Richard J Wakefield, Paul Emery
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

We thank Becciolini et al for their interest in our recent paper,1 in which we demonstrated that a focused ultrasound (US) examination of the classical sites for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) damage, in particular the fifth metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints, may improve risk stratification for progression to RA in anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody positive (CCP+) at-risk individuals.

Becciolini et al suggest that scanning the pisotriquetral joint (PTJ) could improve the US sensitivity for the assessment of inflammation in patients with early inflammatory arthritis (IA).2 The logic of this suggestion is based on the results of MRI studies showing that synovitis and bone erosions can be frequently found in the carpal bones, including the PTJ, in patients with early RA.3 4 The authors have also provided pictorial examples to show how US pathological findings (ie, synovitis and bone erosions) can be detected at this level in one patient with RA.

In recent years, US and MRI have shown the ability to …
Genetic structure of SARS-CoV-2 reflects clonal superspreading and multiple independent introduction events, North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany, February and March 2020
Authors: Andreas Walker, Torsten Houwaart, Tobias Wienemann, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Daniel Strelow, Tina Senff, Lisanna Hülse, Ortwin Adams, Marcel Andree, Sandra Hauka, Torsten Feldt, Björn-Erik Jensen, Verena Keitel, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Jörg Timm, Klaus Pfeffer, Alexander T Dilthey
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2020)

We whole-genome sequenced 55 SARS-CoV-2 isolates from Germany to investigate SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in 2020 in the Heinsberg district and Düsseldorf. While the genetic structure of the Heinsberg outbreak indicates a clonal origin, reflecting superspreading dynamics from mid-February during the carnival season, distinct viral strains were circulating in Düsseldorf in March, reflecting the city's international links. Limited detection of Heinsberg strains in the Düsseldorf area despite geographical proximity may reflect efficient containment and contact-tracing efforts.
Abstract 15392: Exosomal microRNA 486-5p Mediates Cardiac Angiogenesis Post Myocardial Infarction by Targeting MMP19 in Fibroblasts
Authors: Xinyang Hu, Qingju Li, Yinchuan Xu, Jian’an Wang
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Neovascularization is a pivotal factor to improve cardiac performance recovery from injury induced by myocardial infarction (MI). Exosomes secreted by stem cells, due to their unique pr...
18F-FDG PET/CT in Hodgkin Lymphoma With Unsuspected COVID-19
Authors: Xavier L.E. Boulvard Chollet, Leonardo G. Romero Robles, Puy Garrastachu, Antonio Cabrera Villegas, M. Clara Albornoz Almada, Patrick M. Colletti, Domenico Rubello, Rafael Ramírez Lasanta, Roberto C. Delgado Bolton
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract We present an asymptomatic 70-year-old man referred for an 18 F-FDG PET/CT for initial staging of a Hodgkin lymphoma. 18 F-FDG PET/CT showed bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy (stage II). Incidentally, the CT demonstrated bilateral ground-glass opacities with low-grade 18 F-FDG activity. CT findings were suspicious for COVID-19 pneumonitis. The COVID-19 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) examination result was negative. Given the high clinical suspicion for COVID-19, the patient was isolated and repeat RT-PCR was positive at 72 hours. RT-PCR may be falsely negative in early COVID-19 disease, even with positive CT findings.
Th17 cells inhibit CD8+ T cell migration by systematically downregulating CXCR3 expression via IL-17A/STAT3 in advanced-stage colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Dan Wang, Weina Yu, Jingyao Lian, Qian Wu, Shasha Liu, Li Yang, Feng Li, Lan Huang, Xinfeng Chen, Zhen Zhang, Aitian Li, Jinbo Liu, Zhenqiang Sun, Junxia Wang, Weitang Yuan, Yi Zhang
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2020)

CD8+ T cell trafficking to the tumor site is essential for effective colorectal cancer (CRC) immunotherapy. However, the mechanism underlying CD8+ T cell infiltration in colorectal tumor tissues is not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated CD8+ T cell infiltration in CRC tissues and the role of chemokine-chemokine receptor signaling in regulation of T cell recruitment.We screened chemokines and cytokines in healthy donor and CRC tissues from early- and advanced-stage patients using multiplex assays and PCR screening. We also utilized transcription factor activation profiling arrays and established a xenograft mouse model.Compared with tumor tissues of early-stage CRC patients, CD8+ T cell density was lower in advanced-stage tumor tissues. PCR screening showed that CXCL10 levels were significantly increased in advanced-stage tumor tissues. CXCR3 (the receptor of CXCL10) expression on CD8+ T cells was lower in the peripheral blood of advanced-stage patients. The migratory ability of CD8+ T cells to CXCL10 depended on CXCR3 expression. Multiplex arrays showed that IL-17A was increased in advanced-stage patient sera, which markedly downregulated CXCR3 expression via activating STAT3 signaling and reduced CD8+ T cell migration. Similar results were found after CD8+ T cells were treated with Th17 cell supernatant. Adding anti-IL-17A or the STAT3 inhibitor, Stattic, rescued these effects in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, survival analysis showed that patients with low CD8 and CXCR3 expression and high IL-17A levels had significantly worse prognosis.CD8+ T cell infiltration in advanced-stage tumor was systematically inhibited by Th17 cells via IL-17A/STAT3/CXCR3 axis. Our findings indicate that the T cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment may be improved by inhibiting STAT3 signaling.
DR5-targeted, chemotherapeutic drug-loaded nanoparticles induce apoptosis and tumor regression in pancreatic cancer in vivo models
Authors: Michael C. Johnston, Julie A. Nicoll, Kelly M. Redmond, Peter Smyth, Michelle K. Greene, William J. McDaid, Darren K.W. Chan, N. Crawford, Katie J. Stott, Jennifer P. Fox, Ninfa L. Straubinger, Sandra Roche, Martin Clynes, Robert M. Straubinger, Daniel B. Longley, Christopher J. Scott
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2020)
A multifunctional anti-inflammatory drug that can specifically target activated macrophages, massively deplete intracellular H2O2, and produce large amounts CO for a highly efficient treatment of osteoarthritis
Authors: Guangzhen Yang, Mengni Fan, Jingwu Zhu, Chen Ling, Lihuang Wu, Xin Zhang, Ming Zhang, Jiayi Li, Qingqiang Yao, Zhongwei Gu, Xiaojun Cai
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
Obesity and leisure time physical activity (LTPA) are strongly and inversely associated in men with the Lewis (a-b-) phenotype - not in men with other Lewis phenotypes
Authors: Hans Ole Hein, Poul Suadicani, Finn Gyntelberg
Journal: Circulation (2001)

P73 Background Obesity is more prevalent among men with the Lewis (a-b-) phenotype than among others. It has recently been shown in the Copenhagen Male Study (CMS) that an excess risk of fatal IHD in Le(a-b-) men is strongly modified by LTPA. It has been disputed if LTPA is able to reduce or eliminate obesity. To elucidate this issue further, we hypothesized that a stronger inverse associaion exists between LTPA and obesity in Le(a-b-) men than in other men. Methods A historical prospective study of 2,824 Caucasian men free from overt IHD aged 53 to 75 years, examined in 1970 and 1985 in CMS. A low level of LTPA was defined as ≤4 hours/week moderate or ≤2 hour/week more vigorous physical activity. Main outcome: body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2 ). Results 266 men had the Le(a-b-) phenotype, 2,558 had other Lewis phenotypes and were pooled for analytical purposes. Le(a-b-) men had a higher BMI than other Lewis phenotypes, 26.1 vs 25.6, p&lt;0.05. The table shows a strong inverse association between LTPA and BMI in Le(a-b-) men and an only weak association among others. Weight differences among sedentary men were 9.1 kg, among active 0.1 kg. Correlation coefficients for Le(a-b-) men: -0.27, for others: -0.07, a highly significant difference, p=0.008. Potential confounders did not explain this. Conclusions There was a strong inverse association between LTPA and BMI in Le(a-b-) men, an association not found among others. Public health and clinical implications may be important in eg US and Scandinavia, populations with a high prevalence of obesity, a predominantly sedentary lifestyle, and a high proportion of Le(a-b-) men. Table 1.
AB1024 EVALUATION OF CLINICAL FEATURES IN PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH JUVENILE AND ADULT-ONSET FAMILIAL MEDITERRANEAN FEVER
Authors: D. Erdem Gürsoy, H. H. Gezer, S. Acer Kasman, N. Öz, A. Ozer, M. T. Duruöz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), which is more common in groups in the Mediterranean basin, is a monogenic auto inflammatory disease characterized by recurrent attacks of febrile peritonitis, pleuritis and arthritis. Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical features of patients diagnosed with juvenile and adult-onset Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF). Methods: Patients with FMF were included in the study consecutively without sample selection. Data about age, sex, disease duration (month), symptom duration, age at diagnosis, diagnosis delay time, comorbid diseases, and medications were noted. Patients with onset of symptoms ≤ 20 years old were classified as juvenile-onset, those &gt; 20 years old were classified as adult-onset FMF. The frequency and characteristics of attacks and the presence of amyloidosis will be recorded. Disease activity was assessed with the PRAS disease activity score. The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and SF-36 were used to evaluate physical disability and quality of life, respectively. The descriptive analysis was done for all parameters. Differences between categorical variables were assessed by Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. The Mann Whitney-U test was used to compare two sample means. P&lt;0.05 accepted as significant. SPSS 20.0 (Statistical package for social sciences for Windows 20.0) program was used for the statistical analysis. Results: The mean age of 86 patients (63 female, 23 male) with FMF was 38.38 (SD: 12.13) years. The patients with the juvenile-onset FMF were 26.7% of the patients. There were no differences between juvenile and adult-onset FMF groups in terms of gender, frequency of attacks, duration of attacks, acute phase values between attacks, colchicine dose, presence of colchicine resistance, and presence of amyloidosis (p&gt;0.05). The latency to diagnosis was significantly higher in patients with adult-onset FMF (p&lt;0.005). The PRAS disease activity scores were significantly higher in the juvenile-onset FMF group (p=0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of SF-36 and HAQ scores (p&gt; 0.05). Conclusion: While there were no differences between juvenile and adult-onset FMF patients in terms of quality of life and functional disability, the PRAS disease activity scores were higher in patients with juvenile-onset FMF. References: [1]Shinawi M, Brik R, Kepten I, Berant M, Gersoni B. Familial Mediterranean fever: high gene frequency and heterogenous disease among Israeli-Moslem Arab population. J Rheumatol 2000;27:1492–5. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
First Reported Cases of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Companion Animals — New York, March–April 2020
Authors: Alexandra Newman, David Smith, Ria R. Ghai, Ryan M. Wallace, Mia Kim Torchetti, Christina Loiacono, Laura S. Murrell, Ann Carpenter, Scott Moroff, Jane A. Rooney, Casey Barton Behravesh
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)

On April 22, CDC and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) reported cases of two domestic cats with confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). These are the first reported companion animals (including pets and service animals) with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the United States, and among the first findings of SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic companion animals reported worldwide. These feline cases originated from separate households and were epidemiologically linked to suspected or confirmed human COVID-19 cases in their respective households. Notification of presumptive positive animal test results triggered a One Health* investigation by state and federal partners, who determined that no further transmission events to other animals or persons had occurred. Both cats fully recovered. Although there is currently no evidence that animals play a substantial role in spreading COVID-19, CDC advises persons with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 to restrict contact with animals during their illness and to monitor any animals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and separate them from other persons and animals at home (1).