tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prophylactic angiographic embolisation after endoscopic treatment of bleeding for high-risk peptic ulcers: what are the more appropriate indications?
Authors: Huan Tong, Tian Lan, Cheng-Wei Tang
Journal: Gut (2019)

We have read with great interest the paper by Lau et al ,1 which reported that prophylactic angiographic embolisation (PAE) did not reduce recurrent bleeding after endoscopic haemostasis in peptic ulcers.

This randomised controlled trial is well-designed and of high quality; however, there are some points to be discussed. First, patients with Forrest Ia, Ib and IIa ulcers were included in this study without stratification, by which the authors concluded that added embolisation did not contribute to the reduction of recurrent bleeding after endoscopic haemostasis. Rebleeding rates after the endoscopic intervention vary between different Forrest classifications (Forrest Ia: 58.8%, Ib: 26.0% and IIa: 21.2%).2 Based on this classification, we would like to share some of our data here on a retrospective analysis (approved by Clinical Trial and Biomedical Ethics Committee of West China …
Hopes, Therapeutic Honesty, and Adaptation in the Midst of Dying and Death
Authors: Chris Feudtner, Douglas L. Hill
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2019)

In her classic 1969 book, On Death and Dying: What the Dying Have to Teach Doctors, Nurses, Clergy, and Their Own Families (Kubler-Ross 2014), Kubler-Ross identified many short-comings in the care ...
Antidrug Antibodies Against Immune Checkpoint Blockers: Impairment of Drug Efficacy or Indication of Immune Activation?
Authors: Diego Enrico, Angelo Paci, Nathalie Chaput, Eleni Karamouza, Benjamin Besse
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

The generation of antibodies following exposure to therapeutic drugs has been widely studied, however in oncology, data in relation to their clinical relevance are limited. Antidrug antibodies (ADAs) can cause a decrease in the amount of drug available, resulting in some cases in decreased antitumor activity and a consequent impact on clinical outcomes. Several immunologic factors can influence the development of ADAs, and in addition, the sensitivity of the different testing methods used in different studies can vary, representing an additional potential confounding factor. The reported frequency of ADA-positive patients following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors varies from as low as 1.5% for pembrolizumab to 54% for atezolizumab. This latter drug is the only immune checkpoint inhibitor to have undergone an expanded analysis of the clinical implications of ADAs, but with discordant results. Given that immune checkpoint inhibitors can modify the immune response and potentially impact ADA formation, data from published as well as prospective trials need to be evaluated for a better understanding of the clinical implications of ADAs in this setting.
Calpain-1 Contributes to Pain and Organ Damage in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Stacy B Kiven, Jianxun Lei, Varun Sagi, Huy Tran, Ying Wang, Piyusha P Pagare, Jennifer O Nwankwo, Nils Lambrecht, Kalpna Gupta
Journal: Blood (2019)
Reply to Chandra et al.
Authors: Kenny Vlaemynck, Lies Lahousse, Aude Vanlander, Hubert Piessevaux, Pieter Hindryckx
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

See also: Endoscopic management of biliary leaks: a systematic review with meta-analysisEndoscopy 2019; 51(11): 1074-1081DOI: 10.1055/a-0835-5940 See also: Sphincterotomy alone appears sufficient for the treatment of bile leaksEndoscopy 2019; 51(12): 1187-1187DOI: 10.1055/a-1008-9257
Intrafollicular CD4+ T-Cells As an Independent Predictor of Early Clinical Failure in Newly Diagnosed Follicular Lymphoma
Authors: Patrizia Mondello, Angelo Fama, Melissa C Larson, Zhi-Zhang Yang, Jose C Villasboas, Andrew L. Feldman, Susan L Slager, Brian K. Link, Sergei Syrbu, Anne J Novak, Thomas M. Habermann, Thomas E. Witzig, Grzegorz Nowakowski, James R. Cerhan, Stephen M Ansell
Journal: Blood (2019)
Evaluating the impact of individual alcohol licensing decisions on local health and crime: a natural experiment with synthetic controls
Authors: Frank de Vocht, Cheryl McQuire, Alan Brennan, Matt Egan, Colin Angus, Eileen Kaner, Emma Beard, Jamie Brown, Steven Cummins, Daniela De Angelis, Nick Carter, Barbara Murray, Rachel Dukes, Elizabeth Greenwood, Susan Holden, Maria Smolar, Robyn Burton, Russell Jago, Matthew Hickman
Journal: The Lancet (2019)
Study of searching on efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor for the non-small cell lung cancer using FDG-PET/CT and thallium SPECT
Authors: K. Kibata, H. Izuno, K. Nakahama, Y. Yamanaka, T. Kaneda, H. Yoshioka, T. Kurata, S. Nomura
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Prognostic value of the Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) prognostic score (MPS) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Authors: Justin Lebenthal, Junting Zheng, Paul A. Glare, Eileen Mary O'Reilly, Andrew S. Epstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

133 Background: The MPS, a composite of the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and albumin, is an alternative prognostic tool to the Glasgow Prognostic Score (C-reactive protein and albumin). A retrospective analysis (jco.2016.34.26_suppl.36) of patients with PDAC suggested that the MPS predicts survival. This did not control for clinically relevant factors such as performance status (PS), metastatic sites, or cancer therapies. More discriminating prognostic tools are needed. Methods: A retrospective chart review identified patients at MSK with pathology-confirmed stage IV PDAC diagnosed from 2011 to 2014. An MPS scale of 0-2 was utilized: MPS = 0 for albumin ≥ 4 g/dl and NLR ≤ 4 g/dl, MPS = 1 for either albumin &lt; 4 g/dl or NLR &gt; 4 g/dl, and MPS = 2 for albumin &lt; 4 g/dl and NLR &gt; 4 g/dl. PS (ECOG or KPS) was abstracted from outpatient visit notes. Metastatic sites at initial MSK visit were assessed from cross-sectional imaging. Cancer therapies were characterized as 5FU-based, gemcitabine-based, experimental, and radiation to primary or metastatic sites. Thromboembolic (TE) diagnoses were also noted. Time-dependent Cox regression analyses identified clinical variables associated with overall survival (OS). Univariately significant variables were utilized in a multivariable regression model to interrogate their effect on the association of MPS and OS. Results: Univariate analyses in n = 833 stage IV PDAC patients identified higher MPS score, higher CA19-9 at diagnosis (n = 737), chemo, radiation, liver metastases, TE, hospital admission, and lower PS (n = 727) as associated with worse OS (p &lt; 0.05). A multivariate model (n = 727) controlling for radiation, liver metastases, TE, admission, and PS demonstrated that higher MPS scores at diagnosis remained associated with worse OS (p &lt; 0.001). Median OS in patients with MPS 0, 1, and 2 were 14.5 (95%CI: 12.9-17), 10.2 (9-11.6), and 6.2 (5.1-8.1) months, respectively. Conclusions: The MPS is an objective prognostic tool associated with OS in advanced PDAC independent of PS, disease characteristics, and types of cancer therapies. Future directions include prospective evaluation and application of the MPS to other PDAC disease settings and other malignancies.
The other angle of Maslow's pyramid: How scarce environments trigger low-opportunity-cost innovations
Authors: Jordane Boudesseul, Cathy Rubiños
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2019)

Abstract Is it true that innovation occurs only in abundant environments? Baumard defends that increased standards of living are a necessary condition for a change in life history strategy to help understand the Industrial Revolution. Here, we argue that many examples of innovations occur in scarce environments when there is near-zero opportunity cost. We suggest potential psychological pathways to explain this dual-cognitive process.
Characterization of novel, recurrent genomic rearrangements as sensitive MRD targets in childhood B-cell precursor ALL
Authors: Udo zur Stadt, Malik Alawi, Manuela Adao, Daniela Indenbirken, Gabriele Escherich, Martin A. Horstmann
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2019)

Abstract B-cell precursor (BCP) ALL carry a variety of classical V(D)J rearrangements as well as genomic fusions and translocations. Here, we assessed the value of genomic capture high-throughput sequencing (gc-HTS) in BCP ALL ( n = 183) for the identification and implementation of targets for minimal residual disease (MRD) testing. For TRδ, a total of 300 clonal rearrangements were detected in 158 of 183 samples (86%). Beside clonal Vδ2-Dδ3, Dδ2-Dδ3, and Vδ2-Jα we identified a novel group of recurrent Dδ-Jα rearrangements, comprising Dδ2 or Dδ3 segments fused predominantly to Jα29. For IGH-JH, 329 clonal rearrangements were identified in 172 of 183 samples (94%) including novel types of V(D)J joining. Oligoclonality was found in ~1/3 ( n = 57/183) of ALL samples. Genomic breakpoints were identified in 71 BCP-ALL. A distinct MRD high-risk subgroup of IGH-V(D)J-germline ALL revealed frequent deletions of IKZF1 ( n = 7/11) and the presence of genomic fusions ( n = 10/11). Quantitative measurement using genomic fusion breakpoints achieved equivalent results compared to conventional V(D)J-based MRD testing and could be advantageous upon persistence of a leukemic clone. Taken together, selective gc-HTS expands the spectrum of suitable MRD targets and allows for the identification of genomic fusions relevant to risk and treatment stratification in childhood ALL.
Lower-limb drainage mapping for lymphedema risk reduction after pelvic lymphadenectomy for endometrial cancer.
Authors: Anne-Sophie Bats, Claude Nos, Cherazade Bensaid, marie-Aude le Frere-Belda, Marie-Anne Collignon, Marc Faraggi, Fabrice Lecuru
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e15558 Background: Pelvic lymphadenectomy is associated with a significant risk of lower-limb lymphedema. In this proof-of-concept study, we evaluated the feasibility of identifying the lower-limb drainage nodes (LLDNs) during pelvic lymphadenectomy for endometrial cancer. Secondary objectives were to map lower-limb drainage and to assess the diagnostic value of our mapping technique. Methods: Prospective study of patients with endometrial cancer requiring pelvic lymphadenectomy, with no neoadjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy and no history of lower-limb surgery. A radiopharmaceutical was injected into both feet on the day before surgery. LLDNs were identified using preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative isotopic probe detection then removed before complete pelvic lymphadenectomy. LLDNs and pelvic lymphadenectomy specimens underwent separate histological analysis. Results: Of the 12 patients with early-stage endometrial cancer, 10 underwent preoperative lymphoscintigraphy, which consistently identified inguinal, femoral and pelvic LLDNs. The intraoperative detection rate was 83% (10/12). The 2 patients with no LLDNs detected intraoperatively had lymphoscintigraphy-detected LLDNs. Median number of hot nodes per patient was 5 (3-7) on the right and 3 (2-6) on the left. Of 107 LLDNs, 106 were in the external iliac area, including 38 in the lateral group and 45 in the intermediate and medial groups. None of the patients had node metastases at any site. No early complications related to the technique occurred. Conclusions: Our mapping technique appears feasible, safe, and associated with a high LLDN identification rate. LLDN mapping may allow the preservation of LLDNs, thereby decreasing the risk of lower-limb lymphedema and improving quality of life.
The marvellous history of medicine
Authors: Juliet Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2019)

As you walk into Medicine: The Wellcome Galleries, a new exhibition at the Science Museum, you are greeted by “Self-Conscious Gene,” a 3.5 m high bronze sculpture by Marc Quinn. The sculpture is of Rick Genest, also known as “Zombie Boy,” who tattooed his entire body with images of his skeleton and internal organs after he was given a brain tumour diagnosis at age …
CANOPY-2: A phase III, placebo-controlled study of canakinumab with or without docetaxel in patients (pts) with NSCLC previously treated with PD-(L)1 inhibitors and platinum-based chemotherapy (Ctx)
Authors: D. Lim, Y. Goto, B.C. Cho, H. Kaneda, J.-H. Kang, S.-W. Kim, C.-H. Chiu, J.C.-H. Yang, W.-C. Su, K. Obyrne, V. Papadimitrakopoulou, M. Reck, I. Malet, B. Mookerjee, Z. Zewen, L. Paz-Ares Rodriguez
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Addressing Social Determinants to Improve Population Health
Authors: Michael Silverstein, Heather E. Hsu, Alastair Bell
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sensitization of spinal itch transmission neurons in a mouse model of chronic itch requires an astrocytic factor
Authors: Keisuke Koga, Ryo Yamagata, Keita Kohno, Takuya Yamane, Miho Shiratori-Hayashi, Yuta Kohro, Hidetoshi Tozaki-Saitoh, Makoto Tsuda
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Survival outcome and prognostic factors of patients with nasopharyngeal cancer in Yogyakarta Indonesia
Authors: S.H. Hutajulu, D. Howdon, K.W. Taroeno Hariadi, M.S. Hardianti, I. Purwanto, S.R. Indrasari, C. Herdini, B. Hariwiyanto, A. Ghozali, H. Kusumo, W. Dhamiyati, S.R.D. Danarti, I.B. Tan, J. Kurnianda, M.J. Allsop
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Prostate Cancer-associated SPOP mutations enhance cancer cell survival and docetaxel resistance by upregulating Caprin1-dependent stress granule assembly
Authors: Qing Shi, Yasheng Zhu, Jian Ma, Kun Chang, Dongling Ding, Yang Bai, Kun Gao, Pingzhao Zhang, Ren Mo, Kai Feng, Xiaying Zhao, Liang Zhang, Huiru Sun, Dongyue Jiao, Yingji Chen, Yinghao Sun, Shi-min Zhao, Haojie Huang, Yao Li, Shancheng Ren, Chenji Wang
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2019)

Abstract Background The gene encoding the E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate-binding adaptor SPOP is frequently mutated in primary prostate cancer, but how SPOP mutations contribute to prostate cancer pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Stress granules (SG) assembly is an evolutionarily conserved strategy for survival of cells under stress, and often upregulated in human cancers. We investigated the role of SPOP mutations in aberrant activation of the SG in prostate cancer and explored the relevanve of the mechanism in therapy resistance. Methods We identified SG nucleating protein Caprin1 as a SPOP interactor by using the yeast two hybrid methods. A series of functional analyses in cell lines, patient samples, and xenograft models were performed to investigate the biological significance and clinical relevance of SPOP regulation of SG signaling in prostate cancer. Results The cytoplasmic form of wild-type (WT) SPOP recognizes and triggers ubiquitin-dependent degradation of Caprin1. Caprin1 abundance is elevated in SPOP-mutant expressing prostate cancer cell lines and patient specimens. SPOP WT suppresses SG assembly, while the prostate cancer-associated mutants enhance SG assembly in a Caprin1-dependent manner. Knockout of SPOP or expression of prostate cancer-associated SPOP mutants conferred resistance to death caused by SG inducers (e.g. docetaxel, sodium arsenite and H 2 O 2 ) in prostate cancer cells. Conclusions SG assembly is aberrantly elevated in SPOP-mutated prostate cancer. SPOP mutations cause resistance to cellular stress induced by chemtherapeutic drug such as docetaxel in prostate cancer.
Upper Cranial Nerve Involvement and Immunoglobulin G4–Related Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Kenneth K.H. Lai, Regine Y.C. Chan, Joyce K.Y. Chin, Kenneth K.W. Li, Alvin L. Young, Hunter K.L. Yuen, Simon T.C. Ko, Kelvin K.L. Chong
Journal: Ophthalmology (2019)
Abstract 31: Low versus High Blood Pressure Targets After Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Pekka Jakkula, Koen Ameloot, Cathy De Deyne, Jo Dens, Matti Reinikainen, Ville Pettilä, Johanna Hästbacka, Markus Skrifvars
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: The optimal level of blood pressure after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is unknown. Hypotension may aggravate cerebral hypoperfusion exacerbating the post-anoxic brain injury. On the other hand, excessive vasopressor support may increase myocardial oxygen consumption and induce arrhythmias. We aimed to evaluate the effects of different blood pressure targets on the extent of brain injury and neurological outcome in patients resuscitated from OHCA. Methods: We performed a pooled post hoc analysis of OHCA patients randomised in the Neuroprotect (NCT02541591) and COMACARE (NCT02698917) trials to either mean arterial pressure (MAP) 65 mmHg or 80/85-100 mmHg targets for the first 36 h after ICU admission. We compared the serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) concentrations between the groups at 24, 48 and 72 h after cardiac arrest and the neurological outcome according to the Cereberal Performance Category (CPC) scale at 6 months. We defined CPC 1-2 as good outcome and CPC 3-5 as poor outcome. In addition, we conducted a two-way analysis of variance to assess the effects of the MAP target and previous chronic hypertension on NSE concentrations. Results: All 224 patients included in the original studies were included in the analysis. Of these, 111 patients were randomised to the MAP 80/85-100 mmHg group and 113 patients to the MAP 65 mmHg group. Patients assigned to the higher MAP target had significantly higher blood pressure levels (p&lt;0.001). We did not find any statistically significant difference in NSE concentrations (Figure 1) or good neurological outcome (50% in the lower MAP group vs. 56% in the higher MAP group, p=0.417) between the intervention groups. We did not observe statistically significant interaction between the MAP target and chronic hypertension for NSE (p=0.437). Conclusion: Targeting MAP 65 mmHg vs. MAP 80/85-100 mmHg after OHCA did not affect the extent of brain injury as determined by NSE concentration or neurological outcome at 6 months.
Efficacy of third-party chimeric antigen receptor modified peripheral blood natural killer cells for adoptive cell therapy of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: C. Quintarelli, S. Sivori, S. Caruso, S. Carlomagno, M. Falco, I. Boffa, D. Orlando, M. Guercio, Z. Abbaszadeh, M. Sinibaldi, S. Di Cecca, A. Camera, B. Cembrola, A. Pitisci, M. Andreani, L. Vinti, S. Gattari, F. Del Bufalo, M. Algeri, G. Li Pira, A. Moseley, B. De Angelis, L. Moretta, F. Locatelli
Journal: Leukemia (2019)
LOXO-305: Targeting C481S Bruton Tyrosine Kinase in Patients with Ibrutinib-Resistant CLL
Authors: Aishath S Naeem, Winnie I Nguy, Svitlana Tyekucheva, Stacey M. Fernandes, Vanessa Rai, Kevin Ebata, Eliana B. Gomez, Barb J. Brandhuber, Stephen M. Rothenberg, Jennifer R Brown
Journal: Blood (2019)
Modest and immodest neural codes: Can there be modest codes?
Authors: Rosa Cao, Charles Rathkopf
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2019)

Abstract We argue that Brette's arguments, or some variation on them, work only against the immodest codes imputed by neuroscientists to the signals they study; they do not tell against “modest” codes, which may be learned by neurons themselves. Still, caution is warranted: modest neural codes likely lead to only modest explanatory gains.
Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy—Role in Preliminary Diagnosis and Management of Biliary Tract Injuries
Authors: Vankadari Kousik, Anish Bhattacharya, Thakur Deen Yadav, Bhagwant Rai Mittal
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

Purpose This study was conducted to identify the role of hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS) in the management of biliary tract injuries. Methods We retrospectively studied 54 patients (28 male and 26 female patients) aged 3 to 78 years with evidence of bile leak on HBS performed between January 2015 and October 2017. Following intravenous injection of 99m Tc-mebrofenin, dynamic images were acquired for 30 minutes followed by static images until 24 hours. SPECT/CT was performed in patients with suspicion of bile leak on the planar images. Patients were classified as those with free intraperitoneal or localized bile leak. Any abdominal drain output was documented, and its statistical significance was assessed using Mann-Whitney U test. Subsequent management was also documented. Results Of the 54 patients, 28 demonstrated free intraperitoneal bile leak and 26 localized leak on HBS. Thirty-four patients (24 with free intraperitoneal leak and 10 with localized leak) had an abdominal drain. Drain output was significantly higher in patients with free intraperitoneal leak compared with patients with localized leak (370 vs 78 mL/d per patient, P &lt; 0.01). All patients with free intraperitoneal bile leak underwent interventional procedures such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and stenting or Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy later on. Patients with localized bile leak were managed conservatively and were free of symptoms at 1-year follow-up. Conclusions Our findings indicate that, in addition to detecting biliary leak, HBS may be used to identify patients with localized bile leak (48% of patients in our study) who do not require active intervention.
Impact of FLT3-ITD Remission Depth in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Prognosis Prediction before Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Xiaoyu Xu, Hongjie Shen, Jia Chen, Xiaowen Tang, Shengli Xue, Xu Yang, Qiaocheng Qiu, Zixuan Ding, Suning Chen, Depei Wu
Journal: Blood (2019)