tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Influence of Mortality on Estimating the Risk of Kidney Failure in People with Stage 4 CKD
Authors: Pietro Ravani, Marta Fiocco, Ping Liu, Robert R. Quinn, Brenda Hemmelgarn, Matthew James, Ngan Lam, Braden Manns, Matthew J. Oliver, Giovanni F.M. Strippoli, Marcello Tonelli
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2019)

Most kidney failure risk calculators are based on methods that censor for death. Because mortality is high in people with severe, nondialysis-dependent CKD, censoring for death may overestimate their risk of kidney failure.Using 2002-2014 population-based laboratory and administrative data for adults with stage 4 CKD in Alberta, Canada, we analyzed the time to the earliest of kidney failure, death, or censoring, using methods that censor for death and methods that treat death as a competing event factoring in age, sex, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, eGFR, and albuminuria. Stage 4 CKD was defined as a sustained eGFR of 15-30 ml/min per 1.73 m2.Of the 30,801 participants (106,447 patient-years at risk; mean age 77 years), 18% developed kidney failure and 53% died. The observed risk of the combined end point of death or kidney failure was 64% at 5 years and 87% at 10 years. By comparison, standard risk calculators that censored for death estimated these risks to be 76% at 5 years and >100% at 7.5 years. Censoring for death increasingly overestimated the risk of kidney failure over time from 7% at 5 years to 19% at 10 years, especially in people at higher risk of death. For example, the overestimation of 5-year absolute risk ranged from 1% in a woman without diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or albuminuria and with an eGFR of 25 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (9% versus 8%), to 27% in a man with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, albuminuria >300 mg/d, and an eGFR of 20 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (78% versus 51%).Kidney failure risk calculators should account for death as a competing risk to increase their accuracy and utility for patients and providers.
Authors’ reply to Braillon and Bewley, Spiller and colleagues, and Wu
Authors: Julien Vaucher, Yaniv Chocron
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Braillon and Bewley emphasise the importance of recognising cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome; we are pleased that our article might help patients and physicians tackle this condition.12 Our aim was not to consider any issue related to legalisation or liberalisation of cannabis. Societal or political decisions about use of cannabis …
ddeeper Than Deep: Can ddPCR Predict Successful Imatinib Cessation?
Authors: Dongqing Yan, Anthony D. Pomicter, Thomas O'Hare, Michael W. Deininger
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

BCR-ABL1 transcripts at imatinib cessation were quantified by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) for 175 patients on the STIM2 trial. Patients with BCR-ABL1 transcripts below a defined cutoff had a 12-month molecular recurrence rate of 46% versus 68% for those above the cutoff. Implications of using ddPCR in forecasting successful imatinib cessation are discussed.See related article by Nicolini et al., p. 6606.
Abstract 16689: LQTS Genotype Specific Effects of Antidepressants on the Risk of Cardiac Arrhythmias
Authors: Meng Wang, Barbara Szepietowska, Bronislava Polonsky, Scott McNitt, Wojciech Zareba, Arthur J Moss, David S Auerbach
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The association between antidepressant drugs (ADs) and the risk of arrhythmic events has not been studied in patients with Long QT Syndrome (LQTS), who are at an increased risk of ven...
Hepatocyte ELOVL Fatty Acid Elongase 6 Determines Ceramide Acyl‐Chain Length and Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity in Mice
Authors: Takashi Matsuzaka, Motoko Kuba, Saori Koyasu, Yuta Yamamoto, Kaori Motomura, Sundaram Arulmozhiraja, Hiroshi Ohno, Rahul Sharma, Takuya Shimura, Yuka Okajima, Song‐iee Han, Yuichi Aita, Yuhei Mizunoe, Yoshinori Osaki, Hitoshi Iwasaki, Shigeru Yatoh, Hiroaki Suzuki, Hirohito Sone, Yoshinori Takeuchi, Naoya Yahagi, Takafumi Miyamoto, Motohiro Sekiya, Yoshimi Nakagawa, Masatsugu Ema, Satoru Takahashi, Hiroaki Tokiwa, Hitoshi Shimano
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Dysfunctional hepatic lipid metabolism is a cause of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disorder worldwide, and is closely associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. ELOVL fatty acid elongase 6 (Elovl6) is responsible for converting C16 saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (FAs) into C18 species. We have previously shown that Elovl6 contributes to obesity-induced insulin resistance by modifying hepatic C16/C18-related FA composition.To define the precise molecular mechanism by which hepatic Elovl6 affects energy homeostasis and metabolic disease, we generated liver-specific Elovl6 knockout (LKO) mice. Unexpectedly, LKO mice were not protected from high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance. Instead, LKO mice exhibited higher insulin sensitivity than controls when consuming a high-sucrose diet (HSD), which induces lipogenesis. Hepatic patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (Pnpla3) expression was down-regulated in LKO mice, and adenoviral Pnpla3 restoration reversed the enhancement in insulin sensitivity in HSD-fed LKO mice. Lipidomic analyses showed that the hepatic ceramide(d18:1/18:0) content was lower in LKO mice, which may explain the effect on insulin sensitivity. Ceramide(d18:1/18:0) enhances protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity by interfering with the binding of PP2A to inhibitor 2 of PP2A, leading to Akt dephosphorylation. Its production involves the formation of an Elovl6-ceramide synthase 4 (CerS4) complex in the endoplasmic reticulum and a Pnpla3-CerS4 complex on lipid droplets. Consistent with this, liver-specific Elovl6 deletion in ob/ob mice reduced both hepatic ceramide(d18:1/18:0) and PP2A activity and ameliorated insulin resistance.Our study demonstrates the key role of hepatic Elovl6 in the regulation of the acyl-chain composition of ceramide and that C18:0-ceramide is a potent regulator of hepatic insulin signaling linked to Pnpla3-mediated NAFLD.
Reduction of Inflammatory Cytokine Concentrations and Improvement of Endothelial Functions in Obese Women After Weight Loss Over One Year
Authors: PatriziaZiccardi, FrancescoNappo, GiovanniGiugliano, KatherineEsposito, RaffaeleMarfella, MicheleCioffi, FrancescoD’Andrea, Anna MariaMolinari, DarioGiugliano
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— Visceral fat is a key regulator site for the process of inflammation, and atherosclerotic lesions are essentially an inflammatory response. Methods and Results— Fifty-six healthy premenopausal obese women (age range 25 to 44 years, body mass index 37.2±2.2, waist to hip ratio range 0.78 to 0.92) and 40 age-matched normal weight women were studied. Compared with nonobese women, obese women had increased basal concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, P<0.01), interleukin-6 (IL-6, P<0.01), P-selectin (P<0.01), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, P<0.02), and vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1, P<0.05). Vascular responses to l-arginine (3 g IV), the natural precursor of nitric oxide, were impaired in obese women: reductions in mean blood pressure (P<0.02), platelet aggregation to adenosine diphosphate (P<0.05), and blood viscosity (P<0.05) were significantly lower as compared with those in the nonobese group. Concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were related (P<0.01) to visceral obes...
Targeting Jak/Stat pathway as a therapeutic strategy against SP/CD44+ tumorigenic cells in Akt/β-catenin-driven hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tan Boon Toh, Jhin Jieh Lim, Lissa Hooi, Masturah Bte Mohd Abdul Rashid, Edward Kai-Hua Chow
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Enhanced In Vivo Persistence and Proliferation of NK Cells Expanded in Culture with the Small Molecule Nicotinamide: Development of a Clinical-Applicable Method for NK Expansion
Authors: Tony Peled, Guy Brachya, Nurit Persi, Chana Lador, Esti Olesinski, Efrat Landau, Einat Galamidi, Amnon Peled, Jeffrey S. Miller, Veronika Bachanova
Journal: Blood (2017)
Abstract 11399: Chronic Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Inhibition Causes Regression in a Mouse Model of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Insights Into Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms
Authors: Yixi Liu, Heng-Jie Cheng, Zhe Chen, Zhi Zhang, Dalane Kitzman, David Herring, David Zhao, Che Ping Cheng
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), a serious complication in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, increases the risk of heart failure. As yet, no effective therapeutic strategies exist. Recent ...
Additional <i>Candida albicans</i> administration enhances the severity of dextran sulfate solution induced colitis mouse model through leaky gut-enhanced systemic inflammation and gut-dysbiosis but attenuated by <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> L34
Authors: Wimonrat Panpetch, Pratsanee Hiengrach, Sumanee Nilgate, Somying Tumwasorn, Naraporn Somboonna, Alisa Wilantho, Piraya Chatthanathon, Piyapan Prueksapanich, Asada Leelahavanichkul
Journal: Gut Microbes (2019)

Candida albicans is abundant in the human gut mycobiota but this species does not colonize the mouse gastrointestinal tract. C. albicans administration in dextran-sulfate solution (DSS) induced-colitis mouse model (DSS+Candida) might resemble more to human condition, therefore, a DSS colitis model with Candida administration was studied; first, to test the influence of fungi in DSS model and second, to test the efficacy of Lactobacillus rhamnosus L34. We demonstrated serum (1→3)-β-D-glucan (BG) elevation in patients with IBD and endoscopic moderate colitis in clinical remission, supporting the possible influence of gut fungi toward IBD in human. Then, in mouse model, Candida gavage was found to worsen the DSS model indicated by higher mortality rate, more severe colon histology and enhanced gut-leakage (FITC-dextran assay, endotoxemia, serum BG and blood bacterial burdens) but did not affect weight loss and diarrhea. DSS+Candida induced higher pro-inflammatory cytokines both in blood and in intestinal tissue. Worsened systemic pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in DSS+Candida compared with DSS alone was possibly due to the more severe translocation of LPS, BG and bacteria (not fungemia) from gut into systemic circulation. Interestingly, bacteremia from Pseudomonas aeruginosa was more frequently isolated from DSS+Candida than DSS alone. In parallel, P. aeruginosa was also isolated from fecal culture in most of the mice in DSS+Candida group supported by prominent Gammaproteobacteria in fecal microbioata analysis. However, L. rhamnosus L34 attenuated both DSS+Candida and DSS model through the attenuation of gut local inflammation (cytokines and histology), gut-leakage severity, fecal dysbiosis (culture method and microbiome analysis) and systemic inflammation (serum cytokines). In conclusion, gut Candida in DSS model induced fecal bacterial dysbiosis and enhanced leaky-gut induced bacteremia. Probiotic treatment strategy aiming to reduce gut-fungi and fecal dysbiosis could attenuate disease severity. Investigation on gut fungi in patients with IBD is highly interesting.
Catheter Ablation Compared With Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Marko Lucijanic, Marko Skelin, Petar Skelin
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Long-term immunity against yellow fever in children vaccinated during infancy: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Cristina Domingo, Juliane Fraissinet, Patrick O Ansah, Corey Kelly, Niranjan Bhat, Samba O Sow, José E Mejía
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2019)

A single dose of vaccine against yellow fever is routinely administered to infants aged 9-12 months under the Expanded Programme on Immunization, but the long-term outcome of vaccination in this age group is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the long-term persistence of neutralising antibodies to yellow fever virus following routine vaccination in infancy.
Discordance Between Patient-Reported Outcomes and Mucosal Inflammation in Patients With Mild to Moderate Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Christopher Ma, William J. Sandborn, Geert R. D’Haens, Guangyong Zou, Larry W. Stitt, Siddharth Singh, Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, Parambir S. Dulai, Reena Khanna, Vipul Jairath, Brian G. Feagan
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2019)
Cardiac Autonomic Patterns Preceding Occasional Vasovagal Reactions in Healthy Humans
Authors: RaffaelloFurlan, SimonaPiazza, SimonettaDell’Orto, FrancaBarbic, AnnaBianchi, LucaMainardi, SergioCerutti, MassimoPagani, AlbertoMalliani
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background—The wide range of clinical presentation of orthostatic vasovagal syncope suggests different underlying changes in the cardiac autonomic modulation. Methods and Results—To evaluate the beat-by-beat modifications in the neural control of heart period preceding a syncopal event, we studied RR interval variability in 22 healthy subjects who experienced fainting for the first time during a 90° head-up tilt and in 22 control subjects by means of time-variant power spectral analysis. Sympathetic and vagal modulations to the sinoatrial node were assessed by the normalized power of the low-frequency (LF, ≈0.1-Hz) and high-frequency (HF, ≈0.25-Hz) oscillatory components of RR variability. When the patients were supine, no differences were observed in the hemodynamic and spectral parameters of the 2 groups. During the tilt procedure, RR, LFNU, and HFNU (NU=normalized units) values were relatively stable in control subjects. During early tilt (T1), subjects with syncope had reduced RR intervals compared wi...
Prevention and Management of Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Jonathan D. Paul, Adam S. Cifu
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in older patients: prognosis and long-term survival
Authors: Renaud Prevel, Claire Roubaud-Baudron, Samuel Gourlain, Matthieu Jamme, Karine Peres, Ygal Benhamou, Lionel Galicier, Elie Azoulay, Pascale Poullin, François Provôt, Eric Maury, Claire Presne, Mohamed Hamidou, Samir Saheb, Alain Wynckel, Aude Servais, Stéphane Girault, Yahsou Delmas, Valérie Chatelet, Jean-François Augusto, Christiane Mousson, Pierre Perez, Jean-Michel Halimi, Tarik Kanouni, Alexandre Lautrette, Anne Charvet-Rumpler, Christophe Deligny, Dominique Chauveau, Agnès Veyradier, Paul Coppo
Journal: Blood (2019)
Prevalence of e-Cigarette Use Among Adults in the United States, 2014-2018
Authors: Hongying Dai, Adam M. Leventhal
Journal: JAMA (2019)

This population epidemiology study uses 2014-2018 data from National Health Interview Surveys to assess trends in prevalence of current and daily e-cigarette use by US adults and to characterize trends by sociodemographic and smoking status among young adults (18-24 years).
Bortezomib-Based Induction Regimen Followed By Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) after Conditioning with MEL200 Is Highly Effective and Well Tolerated in Elderly Multiple Myeloma (MM) Patients up to the Age of 75 Years
Authors: Angelo Belotti, Rossella Ribolla, Claudia Crippa, Chiara Cattaneo, Enrico Morello, Vincenza Orlando, Nicola Bianchetti, Samantha Ferrari, Chiara Bottelli, Francesca Schieppati, Aldo M. Roccaro, Marco Chiarini, Mario Morone, Giuseppe Rossi
Journal: Blood (2017)
Increase investment in primary healthcare by 1% of GDP, says WHO
Authors: Joanne Silberner
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Governments around the world should invest significantly more in primary healthcare, the World Health Organization has said in a new report.1

The report coincides with a high level meeting of the United Nations on 23 September on universal health coverage, a system where all people get the healthcare they need without financial hardship. The meeting, the first of its kind, is billed by the UN as “an opportunity to mobilise the global community and secure political commitments.”

WHO officials said that this is not just important for people in developing countries, but for …
<i>NLRP12</i> gene mutation in India: case finding and diagnosis made easy in the days of whole exome sequencing
Authors: Kanjaksha Ghosh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

I read with interest the paper ‘Novel NLRP12 variant presenting with familial cold autoimmunity syndrome phenotype’ by Gupta et al in one of the issues in your esteemed journal.1 We have reported another patient with a different site of mutation in the same gene from another part of India earlier this year.2

Compared with the patient under discussion our patient had a milder phenotype in the form of recurrent fever, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting lasting for 4–5 days every month along with mood changes and severe loss of appetite. He started his problem much later, that is, at the age of 9 years, and did not have classical skin and joint symptoms but had hypermobility …
Glycaemic durability of an early combination therapy with vildagliptin and metformin versus sequential metformin monotherapy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (VERIFY): a 5-year, multicentre, randomised, double-blind trial
Authors: David R Matthews, Päivi M Paldánius, Pieter Proot, YannTong Chiang, Michael Stumvoll, Stefano Del Prato
Journal: The Lancet (2019)
When should unexpected weight loss warrant further investigation to exclude cancer?
Authors: Brian D Nicholson, Paul Aveyard, Willie Hamilton, F D Richard Hobbs
Journal: BMJ (2019)

### What you need to know Unexpected weight loss presents a diagnostic challenge in primary care. It is associated with a wide range of benign and serious conditions (box 1).1 Box 1 ### Differential diagnosis for patients with unexpected weight loss1RETURN TO TEXT Weight loss may be missed or misattributed because of several factors (see box 2). Once it is detected, the uncertainty for clinicians is not about whether unexpected weight loss is a symptom of concern, it is about who should be investigated further and who can be spared unnecessary investigation. Specifically, how much weight loss, over how much time, in combination with what other clinical features makes cancer sufficiently likely to warrant urgent investigation? Box 2 ### Challenges in detecting weight loss in primary care #### Physiological factorsRETURN TO TEXT
Biomaterials: Monolayer Graphene Coating of Intracortical Probes for Long‐Lasting Neural Activity Monitoring (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 18/2019)
Authors: Antoine Bourrier, Polina Shkorbatova, Marco Bonizzato, Elodie Rey, Quentin Barraud, Gregoire Courtine, Riadh Othmen, Valerie Reita, Vincent Bouchiat, Cécile Delacour
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

In article number 1801331 by Cécile Delacour and co-workers, an innovative coating method is reported to wrap intracortical probes with continuous graphene monolayers, in order to investigate its impact on the bioacceptance of the implants. Experimental evidence shows that the graphene coating significantly lowers the immune response and enhances the performance and the durability of the probes, paving the way for long-term reliable recordings of individual motor neurons.