tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14798: Human Embryonic Stem Cell-derived Cardiac Progenitors for Heart Failure. One-year Results of the ESCORT Trial
Authors: Philippe Menasché, Valérie Vanneaux, Albert Hagège, Bernard Cholley, Gerard Tachdjian, Lucie Tosca, Jean-Hugues Trouvin, Jean-Roch Fabreguettes, Hélène Blons, Reem Al-Daccak, Onnik Agbulut, Eric Tartour, Michel Desnos, Jérôme Larghero
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Scalability and pluripotentiality are the main hallmarks of human embryonic stem cells (hESC). Hypothesis: A robust protocol of hESC expansion, lineage differentiation and stringent p...
Abortion: US “global gag rule” is killing women and girls, says report
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2019)

A US government policy that blocks federal funding for non-governmental organisations that provide or support abortion is killing women, a new report says, because they are being excluded from a range of essential sexual and reproductive health services and information and turning to unsafe abortions.

The “global gag rule” rule prohibits foreign non-governmental organisations that receive US global health funding from providing legal abortion services or referrals and also bars advocacy for abortion law reform. The rule, first implemented by the Reagan administration and rescinded by subsequent Democratic presidents, was reinstated and expanded by Donald Trump when he took office in 2017. It now affects an estimated $9bn (£7bn; €8bn) of US global health assistance.

Two years on, an assessment of services in Kenya, Nepal, Nigeria, and South Africa has found “irrefutable evidence” that the gag rule was “depriving women and girls and other marginalised populations of essential information and services,” with devastating consequences.1

Vanesa Rios, who wrote the report for the US based International Women’s Health Coalition, told a press briefing at the Women …
Payment Innovations to Drive Improvements in Pediatric Care—The Integrated Care for Kids Model
Authors: Dawn E. Alley, Nina C. Ashford, Ashley M. Gavin
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Baby Steps Forward: Recommendations for Better Understanding Environmental Chemicals in Breast Milk and Infant Formula
Authors: Carrie Arnold
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2019)

The infant diet is typically limited to breast milk and/or infant formula for the first months of life.Yet relatively little is known about the environmental chemicals present in these foods and their potential short-and long-term effects on health.In two systematic reviews published in Environmental Health Perspectives, 1,2 Geniece Lehmann of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Judy S. LaKind of LaKind Associates, LLC, and colleagues identified points where better-designed studies would help characterize infant exposures via breast milk and formula, as well as improve risk assessment.More than 40,000 chemicals are currently in use in the United States. 3Pregnant women and infants may be exposed to chemicals in their environment via oral, inhalation, or dermal routes; there is also some risk of transplacental chemical exposures.Even for the small subset of environmental chemicals that are well studied, the effects of early life exposures are often unclear."There are substantial gaps in our understanding of what chemicals, as well as what levels of them, would be concerning [for infants]," says Suzan Carmichael, a perinatal and nutritional epidemiologist at Stanford University, who was not involved with
Clinical Genomic Sequencing of Pediatric and Adult Osteosarcoma Reveals Distinct Molecular Subsets with Potentially Targetable Alterations
Authors: Yoshiyuki Suehara, Deepu Alex, Anita Bowman, Sumit Middha, Ahmet Zehir, Debyani Chakravarty, Lu Wang, George Jour, Khedoudja Nafa, Takuo Hayashi, Achim A. Jungbluth, Denise Frosina, Emily Slotkin, Neerav Shukla, Paul Meyers, John H. Healey, Meera Hameed, Marc Ladanyi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Purpose: Although multimodal chemotherapy has improved outcomes for patients with osteosarcoma, the prognosis for patients who present with metastatic and/or recurrent disease remains poor. In this study, we sought to define how often clinical genomic sequencing of osteosarcoma samples could identify potentially actionable alterations. Experimental Design: We analyzed genomic data from 71 osteosarcoma samples from 66 pediatric and adult patients sequenced using MSK-IMPACT, a hybridization capture-based large panel next-generation sequencing assay. Potentially actionable genetic events were categorized according to the OncoKB precision oncology knowledge base, of which levels 1 to 3 were considered clinically actionable. Results: We found at least one potentially actionable alteration in 14 of 66 patients (21%), including amplification of CDK4 (n = 9, 14%: level 2B) and/or MDM2 (n = 9, 14%: level 3B), and somatic truncating mutations/deletions in BRCA2 (n = 3, 5%: level 2B) and PTCH1 (n = 1, level 3B). In addition, we observed mutually exclusive patterns of alterations suggesting distinct biological subsets defined by gains at 4q12 and 6p12-21. Specifically, potentially targetable gene amplifications at 4q12 involving KIT, KDR, and PDGFRA were identified in 13 of 66 patients (20%), which showed strong PDGFRA expression by IHC. In another largely nonoverlapping subset of 14 patients (24%) with gains at 6p12-21, VEGFA amplification was identified. Conclusions: We found potentially clinically actionable alterations in approximately 21% of patients with osteosarcoma. In addition, at least 40% of patients have tumors harboring PDGFRA or VEGFA amplification, representing candidate subsets for clinical evaluation of additional therapeutic options. We propose a new genomically based algorithm for directing patients with osteosarcoma to clinical trial options.
Abstract 12445: Preeclampsia Induces the Acquired Salt-Sensitivity Characteristics via Increased Vasopressin Secretion in the Postpartum Stage
Authors: Taku Matsuura, Keisuke Shinohara, Yoshitaka HIrooka, Hiroyuki Tsutsui
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Women with a history of preeclampsia exhibit increased salt-sensitivity in postpartum. However, it is unclear whether the increased salt-sensitivity is a cause or effect of preeclampsia...
New evidence on the chemoprevention of inhaled steroids and the risk of lung cancer in COPD
Authors: Luis M. Seijo, Joan B. Soriano, Germán Peces-Barba
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

<b>New evidence regarding the protective effect of inhaled steroids in patients with COPD suggests that a controlled clinical trial is needed to investigate the potential benefit of inhaled steroids in preventing lung cancer in patients with COPD</b>http://bit.ly/2PTBTCO
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor–Associated Factor 6 Promotes Hepatocarcinogenesis by Interacting With Histone Deacetylase 3 to Enhance c‐Myc Gene Expression and Protein Stability
Authors: Hua Wu, Tian‐Yu Yang, Yi Li, Wen‐Long Ye, Feng Liu, Xiao‐Shun He, Jing‐Ru Wang, Wen‐Juan Gan, Xiu‐Ming Li, Shen Zhang, Yuan‐Yuan Zhao, Jian‐Ming Li
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

The oncogene c‐Myc is aberrantly expressed and plays a key role in malignant transformation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we report that c‐Myc is significantly up‐regulated by tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 6 (TRAF6), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, in hepatocarcinogenesis. High TRAF6 expression in clinical HCC samples correlates with poor prognosis, and the loss of one copy of the Traf6 gene in Traf6 +/– mice significantly impairs liver tumorigenesis. Mechanistically, TRAF6 first interacts with and ubiquitinates histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) with K63‐linked ubiquitin chains, which leads to the dissociation of HDAC3 from the c‐Myc promoter and subsequent acetylation of histone H3 at K9, thereby epigenetically enhancing the mRNA expression of c‐Myc. Second, the K63‐linked ubiquitination of HDAC3 impairs the HDAC3 interaction with c‐Myc and promotes c‐Myc protein acetylation, which thereby enhances c‐Myc protein stability by inhibiting carboxyl terminus of heat shock cognate 70‐kDa–interacting protein–mediated c‐Myc ubiquitination and degradation. Importantly, TRAF6/HDAC3/c‐Myc signaling is also primed in hepatitis B virus–transgenic mice, unveiling a critical role for a mechanism in inflammation–cancer transition. In clinical specimens, TRAF6 positively correlates with c‐Myc at both the mRNA and protein levels, and high TRAF6 and c‐Myc expression is associated with an unfavorable prognosis, suggesting that TRAF6 collaborates with c‐Myc to promote human hepatocarcinogenesis. Consistently, curbing c‐Myc expression by inhibition of TRAF6 activity with a TRAF6 inhibitor peptide or the silencing of c‐Myc by small interfering RNA significantly suppressed tumor growth in mice. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the oncogenic potential of TRAF6 during hepatocarcinogenesis by modulating TRAF6/HDAC3/c‐Myc signaling, with potential implications for HCC therapy.
Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection of residual duodenal tumor
Authors: Satoki Shichijo, Noriya Uedo, Yoji Takeuchi, Hiroyoshi Iwagami, Masayasu Ohmori, Shuntaro Inoue, Ryu Ishihara
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

A 51-year-old man underwent screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and was found to have a 15-mm duodenal adenoma opposite the ampulla of Vater. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was attempted but was discontinued because of a perforation that was managed by clip closure. He was followed up periodically by EGD and a biopsy taken 2 years later revealed a possible adenocarcinoma. He was therefore referred to our hospital.
ANNOUNCE: A randomized, placebo (PBO)-controlled, double-blind, phase (Ph) III trial of doxorubicin (dox) + olaratumab versus dox + PBO in patients (pts) with advanced soft tissue sarcomas (STS).
Authors: William D. Tap, Andrew J. Wagner, Zsuzsanna Papai, Kristen N. Ganjoo, Chueh-Chuan Yen, Patrick Schoffski, Albiruni Ryan Abdul Razak, Javier Martin Broto, Alexander I. Spira, Akira Kawai, Anders Krarup-Hansen, Axel Le Cesne, Brian Van Tine, Yoichi Naito, Se Hoon Park, Victoria Soldatenkova, Gary Mo, Ashwin Shahir, Jennifer Wright, Robin Lewis Jones
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

LBA3 Background: Dox is standard therapy in STS. In a Ph 2 trial, olaratumab (a human IgG1 antibody targeting PDGFRα) + dox improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) vs dox. ANNOUNCE aimed to confirm the OS benefit in advanced STS. Methods: Adult pts with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic STS, anthracycline-naïve, and ECOG PS 0-1 were eligible. Pts were randomized 1:1 to olaratumab (20mg/kg Cycle 1, 15mg/kg subsequent cycles) or PBO on Days 1 and 8 of each 21-day cycle combined with dox (75mg/m 2 ) on Day 1 for up to 8 cycles. After 8 cycles, pts with disease control continued olaratumab or PBO until progression or toxicity. Randomization was stratified by histology, prior systemic therapy, ECOG PS, and geographic region. Dexrazoxane use was allowed to mitigate dox-related cardiotoxicity. Primary endpoints were OS in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population and/or leiomyosarcoma (LMS) subset of the ITT population; the study was designed to be positive if either primary endpoint was met. Secondary endpoints included PFS, response/disease control rates, safety, and pharmacokinetics. Results: 509 pts were randomized: 258 in the investigational and 251 in the control arm. Baseline pt characteristics were well balanced. Dexrazoxane was received by 63.0% vs 65.1% of pts (investigational vs control arm, respectively, for all data). In the ITT population, median OS was 20.4 vs 19.8 months (m) (HR=1.05, 95% CI: 0.84-1.30; p = 0.69) and was 21.6 vs 21.9 m in LMS pts (HR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.69-1.31; p = 0.76). Median PFS was lower in the investigational arm in the ITT population (5.4 vs 6.8 m; HR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.01-1.50; p = 0.04) and in LMS pts (4.3 vs 6.9 m, HR=1.22, 95% CI: 0.92-1.63; p = 0.17). Median dox exposure was 6 vs 7 cycles. Safety was similar between arms. Olaratumab serum concentrations reached levels expected from prior trials. Additional subgroup/biomarker results will be presented. Conclusions: ANNOUNCE did not confirm that olaratumab + dox, followed by olaratumab monotherapy, improves OS over dox in pts with advanced STS. Further analyses are warranted to explore the inconsistent outcomes between the Ph 3 and Ph 2 studies. Clinical trial information: NCT02451943.
Immunonutrition limits pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant effects of radiochemotherapy in cancer patients.
Authors: Marie-Paule Vasson, Jeremie Talvas, Nicolas Goncalves-Mendes, Fabrice Kwiatkowski, Jacques Bienvenu, Patrick Bachmann, Corinne Bouteloup
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e17022 Background: Peri-operative immunonutrition improves digestive surgical outcomes of cancer patients reducing complications and length of stay. Radiochemotherapy (RCT) generates deleterious effects on nutritional and immune status limiting functional capacities of patients. This study aimed to evaluate if immunonutrition enriched in arginine, EPA &amp; DHA and nucleotides could limit these side effects in Head&amp;Neck (HN), and oesophageal cancer patients. Methods: A double-blind randomized clinical trial was driven with two groups receiving either an Immune Enteral Nutrition (IEN, n=13, Impact, Nestlé) or a Standardized Enteral Nutrition (SEN, n=15) during all RCT (5-7 weeks). Nutritional status, plasma antioxidant capacity (TEAC, FRAP) and functional capacities (WHO score, Karnofsky index) were assessed at the beginning (Db) and at the end (De) of RCT. Immune functions were assessed by leukocytes phenotyping, ex vivo PMN ROS production, and PBMC cytokines &amp; eicosanoids (PGE2) secretion and gene expression. Results: At De vs Db, a significant improvement in total body weight (+2.1kg) was observed in IEN patients as well as albuminemia and NRI in IEN malnourished patients. TEAC and FRAP were increased (+100µM EqTrolox) in IEN patients and higher at De than for SEN patients. Functional capacities were maintained upper the autonomy threshold only in IEN patients. The PMN density of chemo-attractant receptors (CD62L, CD15) and ROS production (+30%) were significantly increased in IEN patients at De vs Db. PBMC PGE2 secretion was unchanged at De in IEN patients and lesser than for SEN patients (65.9±56.8 vs 106.8±59.3 ng/ml, p&lt;0,05). Folding ratios (De/Db) of PBMC mRNA expression were strongly increased for antioxidant response genes (catalase, gpx1&amp;4, sod1&amp;2) and for bactericidal NOX system (cybA, rac1&amp;2). Conclusions: Immunonutrition in adjunction to RCT contributes to maintain functional capacities of patients through improvement of nutritional, anti-oxidant and immune status. Immunonutrition could provide a higher bactericidal capacity and limit inflammatory and oxidative responses induced by RCT in immune cells of HN and oesophageal cancer patients. Clinical trial information: NCT00333099.
A Novel Assay for Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Independently Predicts Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Simon T. Abrams, Ben Morton, Yasir Alhamdi, Mohmad Alsabani, Steven Lane, Ingeborg D. Welters, Guozheng Wang, Cheng-Hock Toh
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2019)

Rationale: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are important in the host defense against infection, but they also promote intravascular coagulation and multiorgan failure in animal models. Their clinical significance remains unclear, and available assays for patient care lack specificity and reliability.Objectives: To establish a novel assay and test its clinical significance.Methods: A prospective cohort of 341 consecutive adult ICU patients was recruited. The NET-forming capacity of ICU admission blood samples was semiquantified by directly incubating patient plasma with isolated neutrophils ex vivo. The association of NET-forming capacity with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and 28-day mortality was analyzed and compared with available NET assays.Measurements and Main Results: Using the novel assay, we could stratify ICU patients into four groups with absent (22.0%), mild (49.9%), moderate (14.4%), and strong (13.8%) NET formation, respectively. Strong NET formation was predominantly found in sepsis (P < 0.0001). Adjusted by Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, multivariate regression showed that the degree of NET formation could independently predict disseminated intravascular coagulation and mortality, whereas other NET assays (e.g., cell-free DNA, myeloperoxidase, and myeloperoxidase–DNA complexes) could not. IL-8 concentrations were found to be strongly associated with NET formation, and inhibiting IL-8 significantly attenuated NETosis. Mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by IL-8 has been identified as a major pathway of NET formation in patients.Conclusions: This assay directly measures the NET-forming capacity in patient plasma. This could guide clinical management and enable identification of NET-inducing factors in individual patients for targeted treatment and personalized ICU medicine.
Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate renal impairment (PIONEER 5): a placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 3a trial
Authors: Ofri Mosenzon, Thalia Marie Blicher, Signe Rosenlund, Jan W Eriksson, Simon Heller, Ole Holm Hels, Richard Pratley, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Cyrus Desouza, R Abramof, D Alpenidze, S Aronoff, K Astamirova, B Barker, G Bedel, L Belousova, M Benson, I Beshay, W Biggs, K Blaze, P Bogdanski, R Busch, S Chaidarun, S Chandran, A Chang, S Chilka, A Cleland, L Connery, G Cornett, B Delgado, C Desouza, T Donner, K Eliasson, J Eriksson, S Folkerth, K Forshaw, H A Frandsen, E Frolova, W Gandy, G Gatipon, A Golovach, L Gonzalez-Orozco, J Gumprecht, E Haddad, T K Hansen, T Hart, S Hasan, B Hella, S Heller, M Hellgren, M Hewitt, S Hietaniemi, M Hitz, P Houser, R Huntley, R Jackson, P E Jakobsen, A Kapoor, L Kargina, E Kazakova, K Khan, E Klein, H Knoble, N Krasnopeeva (Kabachkova), A Krzeminski, M Kunitsyna, J Lawhead, K Levin, P Levin, L Lewy-Alterbaum, S Lindmark, R Lindsay, A Luts, T Lysenko, S Madsbad, T Maxwell, C Mbogua, J Mcknight, K Metsärinne, T Milovanova, E Morawski, O Mosenzon, D Nabriski, H Nguyen, P Nicol, S Nieminen, A Nikkola, P Norwood, P O'Donnell, A Odugbesan, J Parker, Y Pergaeva, A Peskov, S Plevin, J Pouzar, R Pratley, J Reed, P Rossing, T Sathyapalan, M Sergeeva-Kondrachenko, Z Shaikh, M Shamkhalova, N Shehadeh, Y Shlesinger, R Silver, B Snyder, J Soufer, J Strand, S Sulosaari, A Tirosh, H Traylor, N Uhlenius, G Vagapova, M Yanovskaya, L Zarutskaya, E Zhdanova
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2019)
Abstract 13971: Termination Profiles of Commonly Prescribed Antihypertensive Agents: A Cohort Study among 223,287 Patients
Authors: Martin C Wong, Harry H Wang, Wilson W Tam, Clement S Cheung, Ellen L Tong, Antonio C Sek, George K John, Nt Cheung, Stephen R Leeder, Sian M Griffiths
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Purpose: Termination of antihypertensive agents in clinical practice is associated with suboptimal blood pressure control, adverse patient outcomes and substantial health service utilization. We st...
Abstract 16728: LCZ696 Ameliorates Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Prevents Disease Progression in a Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Wanghui Jing, Ane Nunes, Mahyar Khazaeli, Yazunori Suematsu, Seyed Farzaneh, Nosratola Vaziri, Hamid Moradi
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. LCZ696 (sacubitril/valsartan), an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (the la...
Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide with flexible dose adjustment versus sitagliptin in type 2 diabetes (PIONEER 7): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3a trial
Authors: Thomas R Pieber, Bruce Bode, Ann Mertens, Young Min Cho, Erik Christiansen, Christin L Hertz, Signe O R Wallenstein, John B Buse, S Akın, N Aladağ, A A Arif, L J Aronne, S Aronoff, E Ataoglu, S H Baik, H Bays, P L Beckett, D Berker, S Bilz, B Bode, E W Braun, J B Buse, L H S Canani, Y M Cho, C H Chung, I Colin, J Condit, J Cooper, B Delgado, D C Eagerton, I N El Ebrashy, M H M F El Hefnawy, F G Eliaschewitz, M P Finneran, S Fischli, E Fließer-Görzer, J Geohas, N A Godbole, A Golay, S Gorban de Lapertosa, J L Gross, H L Gulseth, F Helland, H O Høivik, C Issa, E S Kang, C Keller, S H A Khalil, N H Kim, I J Kim, L J Klaff, M Laimer, J C LaRocque, S N Lederman, K-W Lee, W R Litchfield, M B Manning, A Mertens, E J Morawski, A V Murray, P R Nicol, T M O'Connor, A Oğuz, S Ong, A Özdemir, E M Palace, B A Palchick, J Pereles-Ortiz, T Pieber, R Prager, V Preumont, E Riffer, L Rista, G Rudofsky, R Sarı, A Scheen, B Schultes, J A Seo, S A Shelbaya, K Sivalingam, C H Sorli, S Stäuble, D A Streja, G T'Sjoen, T Tetiker, L Van Gaal, C Vercammen, M L Warren, D L Weinstein, D Weiss, A White, M Winnie, C Wium, D Yavuz
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2019)