tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Personalized early detection and prevention of breast cancer: ENVISION consensus statement
Authors: Nora Pashayan, Antonis C. Antoniou, Urska Ivanus, Laura J. Esserman, Douglas F. Easton, David French, Gaby Sroczynski, Per Hall, Jack Cuzick, D. Gareth Evans, Jacques Simard, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Rita Schmutzler, Odette Wegwarth, Paul Pharoah, Sowmiya Moorthie, Sandrine De Montgolfier, Camille Baron, Zdenko Herceg, Clare Turnbull, Corinne Balleyguier, Paolo Giorgi Rossi, Jelle Wesseling, David Ritchie, Marc Tischkowitz, Mireille Broeders, Dan Reisel, Andres Metspalu, Thomas Callender, Harry de Koning, Peter Devilee, Suzette Delaloge, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Martin Widschwendter
Journal: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology (2020)

Abstract The European Collaborative on Personalized Early Detection and Prevention of Breast Cancer (ENVISION) brings together several international research consortia working on different aspects of the personalized early detection and prevention of breast cancer. In a consensus conference held in 2019, the members of this network identified research areas requiring development to enable evidence-based personalized interventions that might improve the benefits and reduce the harms of existing breast cancer screening and prevention programmes. The priority areas identified were: 1) breast cancer subtype-specific risk assessment tools applicable to women of all ancestries; 2) intermediate surrogate markers of response to preventive measures; 3) novel non-surgical preventive measures to reduce the incidence of breast cancer of poor prognosis; and 4) hybrid effectiveness–implementation research combined with modelling studies to evaluate the long-term population outcomes of risk-based early detection strategies. The implementation of such programmes would require health-care systems to be open to learning and adapting, the engagement of a diverse range of stakeholders and tailoring to societal norms and values, while also addressing the ethical and legal issues. In this Consensus Statement, we discuss the current state of breast cancer risk prediction, risk-stratified prevention and early detection strategies, and their implementation. Throughout, we highlight priorities for advancing each of these areas.
Abstract 14554: Contemporary Appraisal of Sex Differences in Prevalence, Correlates, and Outcomes of Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy in the United States
Authors: Mulubrhan F Mogos, Jason L Salemi, Kylie D Russell, Mariann R Piano
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a specific heart muscle disease found in individuals with a history of long-term heavy alcohol consumption. In spite of its adverse impact, data rela...
Famotidine Labeling Change
Authors: Bernard A. Schwetz
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Response to: ‘Neuroinflammatory events after anti-TNFα therapy’ by Kaltsonoudiset al
Authors: Tine Iskov Kopp, Bénédicte Delcoigne, Elizabeth V Arkema, Melinda Magyari, Henning Locht, Finn Thorup Sellebjerg, Rene Lindholm Cordtz, Dorte V Jensen, Johan Askling, Lene Dreyer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Response to: 'Neuroinflammatory events after anti-TNFα therapy' by Kaltsonoudis et al First of all, we would like to thank Dr Kaltsonoudis et al for their interest in our study.Dr Kaltsonoudis et al 1 have raised an interesting suggestion in their correspondence based on their study from 2014. 2 They suggest that all patients who are candidates for tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitor (TNFi) therapy should have a thorough neurological assessment (including brain MRI and neurophysiological tests) before commencing TNFi treatment.Moreover, they believe that the risk of neuroinflammatory events following treatment with TNFis is not diseasedependent, but agent-dependent, and that part of the observed risks following treatment may in fact be present already at treatment start.In our large observational study, 3 we excluded all patients recorded with a hospital contact with a neuroinflammatory diagnosis prior to study entry eliminating patients with existing neuroinflammatory disease that had reached clinical attention.However, as Dr Kaltsonoudis et al argue, we do not know whether some of the patients had a clinically asymptomatic neuroinflammatory disease at time of entry (that is, prior to TNFi treatment start) which may have been aggravated by TNFi use.In clinical practice, patients with rheumatological disease starting on TNFi treatment are not currently examined for a possible asymptomatic inflammatory neurological disease.In order to do so, we think that additional studies are warranted to evaluate the costs and benefits of such an intervention.With regards to the risk of neuroinflammatory events being disease-or drug-dependent, we believe that the results from our large study, similar in the two countries under study, are robust and point to the notion that the risk is disease-dependent, although we did not specifically investigate whether there is any interaction between the treated disease and the type of TNFi used to treat it.The hypothesis of disease-specific risks is further supported by studies finding opposite risks for multiple sclerosis among patients with psoriatic arthritis 4 and rheumatoid arthritis.
Cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. Late effects of gastrectomy
Authors: C. E. Welch
Journal: JAMA (1974)

ALTHOUGH undesirable symptoms may follow gastrectomy, compensation for induced physiologic abnormalities generally occurs. When the operation is carried out for benign disease, such as duodenal or gastric ulcer, the patient usually judges the results as excellent or highly satisfactory. When cancer of the stomach is considered, there is no reasonable alternative to ablative therapy. This brief summary will not stress the favorable features of gastrectomy such as the elimination of malignant disease and the cure or amelioration of symptoms of other diseases of the stomach and duodenum. Attention will be directed toward the unhappy sequelae. They depend primarily on the physiologic changes that are induced by gastrectomy, and secondarily on clinical factors. <h3>Physiological Sequelae of Gastrectomy</h3> The most important physiological result of gastrectomy is the loss of a food reservoir that discharges intermittently into the intestine. In addition, there are specific losses of hydrochloric acid, intrinsic factor, gastric mucus, and
Design and testing of a mobile health application rating tool
Authors: David M. Levine, Zoe Co, Lisa P. Newmark, Alissa R. Groisser, A. Jay Holmgren, Jennifer S. Haas, David W. Bates
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2020)

Mobile health applications ("apps") have rapidly proliferated, yet their ability to improve outcomes for patients remains unclear. A validated tool that addresses apps' potentially important dimensions has not been available to patients and clinicians. The objective of this study was to develop and preliminarily assess a usable, valid, and open-source rating tool to objectively measure the risks and benefits of health apps. We accomplished this by using a Delphi process, where we constructed an app rating tool called THESIS that could promote informed app selection. We used a systematic process to select chronic disease apps with ≥4 stars and <4-stars and then rated them with THESIS to examine the tool's interrater reliability and internal consistency. We rated 211 apps, finding they performed fair overall (3.02 out of 5 [95% CI, 2.96-3.09]), but especially poorly for privacy/security (2.21 out of 5 [95% CI, 2.11-2.32]), interoperability (1.75 [95% CI, 1.59-1.91]), and availability in multiple languages (1.43 out of 5 [95% CI, 1.30-1.56]). Ratings using THESIS had fair interrater reliability (κ = 0.3-0.6) and excellent scale reliability (ɑ = 0.85). Correlation with traditional star ratings was low (r = 0.24), suggesting THESIS captures issues beyond general user acceptance. Preliminary testing of THESIS suggests apps that serve patients with chronic disease could perform much better, particularly in privacy/security and interoperability. THESIS warrants further testing and may guide software and policymakers to further improve app performance, so apps can more consistently improve patient outcomes.
Chest Pain and a Cavitary Lung Mass in a Woman With Diabetes
Authors: Alan Koff, Maricar Malinis
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Health Care Costs Associated With Macrovascular, Microvascular, and Metabolic Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Across Time: Estimates From a Population-Based Cohort of More Than 0.8 Million Individuals With Up to 15 Years of Follow-up
Authors: Hsuan-Ying Chen, Shihchen Kuo, Pei-Fang Su, Jin-Shang Wu, Huang-Tz Ou
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

OBJECTIVE Developing country-specific unit-cost catalogs is a key area for advancing economic research to improve medical and policy decisions. However, little is known about how health care costs vary by type 2 diabetes (T2D) complications across time in Asian countries. We sought to quantify the economic burden of various T2D complications in Taiwan. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A nationwide, population-based, longitudinal study was conducted to analyze 802,429 adults with newly diagnosed T2D identified during 1999–2010 and followed up until death or 31 December 2013. Annual health care costs associated with T2D complications were estimated, with multivariable generalized estimating equation models adjusted for individual characteristics. RESULTS The mean annual health care cost was $281 and $298 (2017 U.S. dollars) for a male and female, respectively, diagnosed with T2D at age &amp;lt;50 years, with diabetes duration of &amp;lt;5 years, and without comorbidities, antidiabetic treatments, and complications. Depression was the costliest comorbidity, increasing costs by 64–82%. Antidiabetic treatments increased costs by 72–126%. For nonfatal complications, costs increased from 36% (retinopathy) to 202% (stroke) in the event year and from 13% (retinopathy or neuropathy) to 49% (heart failure) in subsequent years. Costs for the five leading costly nonfatal subtype complications increased by 201–599% (end-stage renal disease with dialysis), 37–376% (hemorrhagic/ischemic stroke), and 13–279% (upper-/lower-extremity amputation). For fatal complications, costs increased by 1,784–2,001% and 1,285–1,584% for cardiovascular and other-cause deaths, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The cost estimates from this study are crucial for parameterizing diabetes economic simulation models to quantify the economic impact of clinical outcomes and determine cost-effective interventions.
The Interaction between Integrin Mac-1 (αMβ2, CD11b/CD18) and Sirpα Mediates Macrophage Fusion
Authors: Nataly Podolnikova, Marketa Hlavackova, Yifei Wu, Valentin Yakubenko, James Faust, Arnat Balabiyev, Tatiana P. Ugarova
Journal: Blood (2017)
Non-selective beta-blockers impair global circulatory homeostasis and renal function in cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites
Authors: Luis Téllez, Luis Ibáñez-Samaniego, Candelas Pérez del Villar, Raquel Yotti, Javier Martínez, Laura Carrión, Enrique Rodríguez de Santiago, Maite Rivera, Ana González-Mansilla, Óscar Pastor, Javier Bermejo, Rafael Bañares, Agustín Albillos
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Chronic Thrombotic Obstruction of Major Pulmonary Arteries
Authors: Kenneth M. Moser, Roger G. Spragg, Joseph Utley, Pat O. Daily
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Abstract Since 1969, 15 patients, ranging in age from 21 to 67 years, with pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic thrombotic obstruction of major pulmonary arteries have had pulmonary throm...
Whole-genome sequencing of glioblastoma reveals enrichment of non-coding constraint mutations in known and novel genes
Authors: Sharadha Sakthikumar, Ananya Roy, Lulu Haseeb, Mats E. Pettersson, Elisabeth Sundström, Voichita D. Marinescu, Kerstin Lindblad-Toh, Karin Forsberg-Nilsson
Journal: Genome biology (2020)

Glioblastoma (GBM) has one of the worst 5-year survival rates of all cancers. While genomic studies of the disease have been performed, alterations in the non-coding regulatory regions of GBM have largely remained unexplored. We apply whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to identify non-coding mutations, with regulatory potential in GBM, under the hypothesis that regions of evolutionary constraint are likely to be functional, and somatic mutations are likely more damaging than in unconstrained regions.
Risk of severe maternal morbidity or death in relation to elevated hemoglobin A1c preconception, and in early pregnancy: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Alexander J. F. Davidson, Alison L. Park, Howard Berger, Kazuyoshi Aoyama, Ziv Harel, Jocelynn L. Cook, Joel G. Ray
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2020)

The relation between prepregnancy average glucose concentration and a woman's risk of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) is unknown. The current study evaluated whether an elevated preconception hemoglobin A1c (A1c) is associated with SMM or maternal death among women with and without known prepregnancy diabetes mellitus (DM).
Randomized controlled trial of desmopressin plus terlipressin vs. terlipressin alone for the treatment of acute variceal hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients: A multicenter, double-blind study
Authors: R de Franchis
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

1-Deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP, desmopressin), a synthetic analog of the antidiuretic hormone L-arginine vasopressin, improves hemostasis parameters in cirrhotic patients. Hence its use in combination with a vasoactive drug such as terlipressin might improve the performance of this drug in controlling variceal bleeding. The aim of this trial was to compare the efficacy of desmopressin plus terlipressin with that of terlipressin alone in controlling acute variceal hemorrhage. Cirrhotic patients with active variceal hemorrhage diagnosed endoscopically were randomized within 2 hr of admission to receive desmopressin plus terlipressin or placebo plus terlipressin. Terlipressin (2 mg, intravenous bolus) was given at time 0 and every 4 hr thereafter for 24 hr. Desmopressin (0.3 μg/kg, intravenously) or placebo was given in saline solution over 30 min at time 0 and at 26 hr. Patients were monitored for 24 hr after cessation of treatment. Treatment failure was defined as recurrence of active bleeding during treatment or within the 24 hr after treatment. After enrolling 51 of the planned 84 patients, we carried out an interim analysis. Treatment failure occurred in 13 of 24 patients randomized to receive desmopressin plus terlipressin (54.2%) and in 6 of 22 patients randomized to receive terlipressin (27.3%) (p = 0.06, Fisher's exact test). The trial was interrupted at this stage because patients treated with the "new" therapy fared worse than those treated with the standard therapy, and the possibility of reversing this trend by completing the trial was deemed remote. The addition of desmopressin does not improve and may worsen the efficacy of terlipressin in controlling acute variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:1102-1107).
A double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1/2a trial of the genetically attenuated malaria vaccine PfSPZ-GA1
Authors: Meta Roestenberg, Jona Walk, Saskia C. van der Boor, Marijke C. C. Langenberg, Marie-Astrid Hoogerwerf, Jacqueline J. Janse, Mikhael Manurung, X. Zen Yap, Amanda Fabra García, Jan Pieter R. Koopman, Pauline Meij, Els Wessels, Karina Teelen, Youri M. van Waardenburg, Marga van de Vegte-Bolmer, Geert Jan van Gemert, Leo G. Visser, André J. A. M. van der Ven, Quirijn de Mast, K. C. Natasha, Yonas Abebe, Tooba Murshedkar, Peter F. Billingsley, Tom L. Richie, B. Kim Lee Sim, Chris J. Janse, Stephen L. Hoffman, Shahid M. Khan, Robert W. Sauerwein
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2020)

The genetically attenuated malaria vaccine PfSPZ-GA1 is safe, immunogenic, and has suboptimal protective efficacy in people.
163P Population-adjusted comparison of SOLAR-1 and BOLERO-2: PFS with second-line alpelisib + fulvestrant vs everolimus + exemestane in postmenopausal pts with PIK3CA-mut hormone-receptor positive (HR+) human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC)
Authors: E.M. Ciruelos, T. Delea, A. Moynahan, I. Mayer, J. Park, D. Chandiwana, A. Ridolfi, I. Lorenzo, H.S. Rugo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Cooling the Burn From Hot Peppers
Authors: G Mirkin
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Using Insulin to Treat Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes in 2020
Authors: Irl B. Hirsch, Linda M. Gaudiani
Journal: JAMA (2020)

This JAMA Insights Clinical Update reviews indications and timing of insulin therapy for management of type 2 diabetes, emphasizing the likely benefit of its use as first-line therapy in patients with HbA1c levels less than 9.0%.
Active compression-decompression. A new method of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Working Group
Authors: T J Cohen, K J Tucker, K G Lurie, R F Redberg, J P Dutton, K A Dwyer, T M Schwab, M C Chin, A M Gelb, M M Scheinman
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To describe and compare with standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in humans a new form of CPR that involves both active compression and active decompression of the chest. <h3>Design.</h3> —Patients in cardiac arrest in whom standard advanced cardiac life support failed were randomized to receive 2 minutes of either standard or active compression-decompression (ACD) CPR using a custom, hand-held suction device, followed by 2 minutes of the alternate technique. The ACD device was applied midsternum and used to perform CPR according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association: 80 compressions per minute, compression depth of 3.8 to 5 cm, 50% duty cycle, and constant-volume ventilation. Mechanical Thumper CPR was also compared in five patients. End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETco2) concentrations and hemodynamic variables were measured. Transesophageal Doppler echocardiography was used to assess contractility, the velocity time integral (an analogue of cardiac output), and diastolic myocardial filling times. <h3>Results.</h3> —Ten patients were enrolled. The mean±SD ETco2 was 4.3±3.8 mm Hg with standard CPR and 9.0±3.9 mm Hg with ACD CPR (<i>P</i>&lt;.0001). Systolic arterial pressure with standard CPR was 52.5±14.0 mm Hg and with ACD CPR, 88.9±24.7 mm Hg (<i>P</i>&lt;.003). The velocity time integral increased from 7.3±2.6 cm with standard CPR to 17.5±5.6 cm with ACD CPR (<i>P</i>&lt;.0001), and diastolic filling times increased from 0.23±09 seconds with standard CPR to 0.37±12 seconds with ACD CPR (<i>P</i>&lt;.004). Mechanical Thumper CPR consistently underperformed both standard and ACD CPR. Minute ventilation obtained in four patients during ACD CPR without endotracheal ventilation was 6.6±0.9 L/min. After 1 hour of standard CPR failed, three of 10 patients randomized to ACD CPR rapidly converted to a hemodynamically stable rhythm following 2 minutes of ACD CPR. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —ACD CPR is a simple manual technique that improved cardiopulmonary circulation in 10 patients during cardiac arrest. Although ACD CPR may have produced a return of spontaneous circulation in three patients refractory to standard measures, its impact on survival when used early in cardiac arrest remains to be determined. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:2916-2923)
Ribosome Biogenesis Controls Erythroid Differentiation <i>Via</i> a p53-Dependent Transcriptional Checkpoint and Its Limitation By <i>RPS14</i> Haploinsufficiency Results in Selective Defects in Translation
Authors: Ismael Boussaid, Salome Le Goff, Celia Floquet, Anna Raimbault, Charlotte Andrieu-Soler, Emilie-fleur Gautier, Olivier Kosmider, Isabelle Hatin, Mohandas Narla, Eric Soler, Patrick Mayeux, Michaela Fontenay
Journal: Blood (2017)