tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The sensitivity and specificity of screening mammography in primary care setting in Saudi Arabia.
Authors: Abdullah Alkhenizan, Aneela Hussain, Adher Alsayed
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e12551 Background: Breast cancer is the leading cancer diagnosed in women in Saudi Arabia, accounting for 25% of all cancers diagnosed in women. The mammogram screening program at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSHRC) is the only structured screening program in the country. KFSHRC provides primary care services for a catchment population of 30,000 patients. This program covers all women above the age of 40 within this catchment population. Methods: A retrospective review of electronic and paper records were reviewed for mammograms done between January 2002- January 2012. Summary statistics were used to describe patient and examination characteristics. Results from mammograms were reported using the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) of the American College of Radiology. The stage of diagnosis was reported using the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) system using stages one through four. ACR BIRADS classification and cancer status definitions mammograms were linked with cancer outcomes to identify true-positive, true-negative, false-positive, and false-negative examinations. On the basis of these classifications, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were estimated. All mammograms and tissue biopsies were read by board certified specialists. Results: During the first round of screening 1694 mammograms were analyzed, and 12 cases of cancer were diagnosed. Cancer detection rate (per 1000 examination) was 7.1. Biopsy rate was 3.7 per 100 mammograms. Follow up ultrasounds rate was 2.7 per 100 mammograms. Sensitivity of mammogram screening was 80%, and specificity was 76%. Conclusions: The yield of a structured mammogram screening program in Saudi Arabia is high. There is a need to implement a national program for breast cancer screening in Arabian world in general and within Saudi Arabia in particular.
PB2365 CELL DOSE AND HEMATOLOGIC RECOVERY AFTER AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION FOR MULTIPLE MYELOMA
Authors: I. Tonev, S. Simeonov, I. Mitkov, M. Ilieva, Y. Petrov, P. Ganeva, G. Arnaudov, B. Spassov, M. Mincheff
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Background: The relation between the dose of the infused hematopoietic stem cells and the time of hematologic recovery after autologous transplantation has been investigated in different types of patients. Aims: We assessed the strength of this relation in patients with multiple myeloma, transplanted in our center. Methods: We analyzed the relation between different factors and the hematologic recovery in 277 transplantations performed on 249 patients (138 male and 111 female) with multiple myeloma, who underwent autologous transplants between 2005 and 2018. Twenty eight of them had second (tandem or not tandem) transplantation. The conditioning regimen consisted of Melphalan for most of the patients. The average age at the time of transplantation was 55 years (35 ‐ 71). Patients were transplanted with an average cell dose of 2,95 × 10 6 /kg (1,30 – 9,20 × 10 6 /kg) for the first transplantation and 2,36 × 10 6 /kg (1,64 – 3,19 × 10 6 /kg) for the second one (every patient received the same cell dose as for the first) with average cell viability 95,34 % (70 – 99%), with little difference between first and second transplantation. Results: The average time for hematological recovery was 11,60 (between 9 and 19) days for the neutrophils, and 12.11 (between 9 and 20) days for the platelets. We found no correlation between the cell dose and the hematological recovery. There was no difference in the hematopoietic recovery between the first and the second transplantation in the patients, who underwent tandem or two transplantations. Summary/Conclusion: Recovery time is considered by some to be a function of the effective stem cell number. We did not find such correlation, probably because in the analyzed group all the patients, except four of them, received a dose greater than 2 × 10 6 /kg cell, which is accepted as a safe dose for autologous stem cell transplantation.
StarBEAST2 Brings Faster Species Tree Inference and Accurate Estimates of Substitution Rates
Authors: Huw A. Ogilvie, Remco R. Bouckaert, Alexei J. Drummond
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2017)

Fully Bayesian multispecies coalescent (MSC) methods like *BEAST estimate species trees from multiple sequence alignments. Today thousands of genes can be sequenced for a given study, but using that many genes with *BEAST is intractably slow. An alternative is to use heuristic methods which compromise accuracy or completeness in return for speed. A common heuristic is concatenation, which assumes that the evolutionary history of each gene tree is identical to the species tree. This is an inconsistent estimator of species tree topology, a worse estimator of divergence times, and induces spurious substitution rate variation when incomplete lineage sorting is present. Another class of heuristics directly motivated by the MSC avoids many of the pitfalls of concatenation but cannot be used to estimate divergence times. To enable fuller use of available data and more accurate inference of species tree topologies, divergence times, and substitution rates, we have developed a new version of *BEAST called StarBEAST2. To improve convergence rates we add analytical integration of population sizes, novel MCMC operators and other optimizations. Computational performance improved by 13.5× and 13.8× respectively when analyzing two empirical data sets, and an average of 33.1× across 30 simulated data sets. To enable accurate estimates of per-species substitution rates, we introduce species tree relaxed clocks, and show that StarBEAST2 is a more powerful and robust estimator of rate variation than concatenation. StarBEAST2 is available through the BEAUTi package manager in BEAST 2.4 and above.
PS1271 PREDICTORS, RATES AND COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH READMISSION FOR CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION WITHIN 90 DAYS OF HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION: INSIGHT FROM THE NATIONWIDE READMISSION DATABASE
Authors: E.M. Elsabbagh, J. Hageman
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Background: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a common and serious disease attributable to substantial morbidity, and mortality following the bone marrow transplant in pediatric population. Rates of readmission, during the first 3‐month follow‐up are poorly characterized. Aims: We aimed to identify rates, predictors and hospitalization cost of CDI readmission after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) using the Nationwide Readmission Database (HCUP‐NRD) Methods: Using administrative claim codes for CDI in the 2014 Nationwide Readmission Database, pediatric patients admitted after HSCT with at least 3 months of follow‐up were included for analysis. Patients were stratified according to HSCT type, either Umbilical Cord Blood Transplant (UCBT) or Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) which was further stratified into autologous and allogenic transplantation, then evaluated for CDI readmission through day 90. Results: A total of 2057 pediatric patients met the inclusion criteria, including 2.2 % that received UCBT, 97.8% that received BMT. All‐causes readmission rate was 65% (1338/2057) and CDI readmission rate was 4.7% (63/1338). The mean age was 4 years, 71.4% were male, mean length of stay was 12.9 days and the median time lapsed after transplant discharge and CDI readmission was 52 days. Medicaid was the most common payer at 54.7%. The median cost per CDI admission was $67999 with net total cost $12.2 million. The respective rates of CDI 90‐day readmission according to transplant type were 11.5% for UCBT and 88.5% for BMT ( p &lt; 0.001). The most frequent diagnosis associated with CDI readmission in the first 90 days was neuroblastoma (19.5%; p &lt; .001) Summary/Conclusion: Conclusion(s): (1) Among pediatric patients treated with HSCT, CDI 90‐day readmission rate is significant and associated with significant high cost. (2) The most common diagnosis associated with high burden of CDI 90day readmission was neuroblastoma. (3) Additional study is warranted to evaluate factors that may lead to decreased rate of CDI readmissions following HSCT
PF508 AUTOCHTHONOUS MOUSE MODELS OF MYD88 P.L265P ‐ AND BCL2‐DRIVEN DIFFUSE LARGE B CELL LYMPHOMA
Authors: R. Fluemann, G. Knittel, P. Nieper, T. Rehkämper, P. Pfeiffer, A. Holzem, M. Peifer, R. Büttner, T. Persigehl, H. Kashkar, C. Reinhardt
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Background: There are several recurrent mutations in DLBCL leading to the constitutive activation of NF‐kB, frequently by activating the BCR and TLR pathways (mostly via mutations in CD79B and MYD88 , respectively), or by the loss of a negative feedback loop mediated by the loss of TNFAIP3 . Aims: Here, we aimed to generate novel mouse models of human DLBCL to investigate the role of the most recurrent genetic alterations affecting MYD88 , CD79B , TNFAIP3 and BCL2 in lymphomagenesis in vivo . Methods: We generated a novel mouse model, in which Cre‐mediated recombination leads to the conditional expression of Myd88 p.L252P (the orthologue of the human MYD88 p.L265P mutation) from the endogenous locus. We combined this Myd88 allele (abbr. M) with a BCL2 overexpression allele (abbr. B) and both alleles were activated B cell specifically with CD19:Cre (abbr. C). The effects of these mutations in vivo were carefully characterized. Additionally, we generated a conditional Cd79b p.Y195H allele and also obtained a previously published Tnfaip3 fl allele to model the loss of Tnfaip3 in DLBCL. Results: MBC animals showed elevated levels of self‐reactive antibodies. Immunization experiments revealed that Myd88 p.L252P and BCL2 overexpression cooperate in generating exaggerated antibody responses to exogenous antigen. Ultimately, these animals develop clonal tumors which resemble features of ABC DLBCL histologically and transcriptionally. They were exquisitely sensitive to inhibition of BCL2 in vitro and in vivo . MBC tumors expressed PD‐L1 at elevated levels compared to Eμ:Myc driven lesions. Anti‐PD1 antibody treatment had a stabilizing effect on tumor growth and resulted in a survival benefit. We successfully crossed our novel Cd79b p.Y195H allele into our MBC background to generate a mouse model of human DLBCL with oncogenic CD79B . Additionally, we generated a mouse model of TNFAIP3 ‐deficient lymhpoma by crossing the Tnfaip3 fl allele into our MBC background. Summary/Conclusion: Taken together, we established a Myd88 p.L252P driven mouse model for B cell lymphoma which shares many features with human ABC DLBCL. These tumors are sensitive to inhibition of BCL2 by ABT‐199 and respond to immune checkpoint blockade by anti‐PD1 treatment, suggesting these treatments as potential new strategies in the therapy of a subset of DLBCL patients. Additionally, we are currently investigating a novel conditional Cd79b p.Y195H allele and are modelling the loss of Tnfaip3 in DLBCL using a previously published allele.
Review: The quality of evidence is very low for periprocedural bridging in patients receiving VKA for VTE
Authors: Ang Li, David A. Garcia
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

Source Citation Baumgartner C, de Kouchkovsky I, Whitaker E, Fang MC. Periprocedural bridging in patients with venous thromboembolism: a systematic review. Am J Med. 2019. [Epub ahead of print]. 30659809
AB0691 INCREASED CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN MIXED CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE: EVALUATION OF MACROVASCULAR INVOLVEMENT AND ITS PREDICTORS BY AORTIC PULSE WAVE VELOCITY
Authors: Konstantinos Triantafyllias, Michele De Blasi, Freya Lütgendorf, Lorenzo Cavagna, Marco Stortz, Julia Weinmann-Menke, Stavros Konstantinides, Peter Galle, Andreas Schwarting
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Background:</h3> Macrovascular involvement and cardiovascular (CV) risk have not been sufficiently studied in patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). In particular, the gold standard assessment method of aortic stiffness carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) (1) has never been evaluated in patients with this disease. <h3>Objectives:</h3> Aims of the present study were to examine cfPWV in MCTD and to evaluate its associations with MCTD associated parameters and traditional CV risk factors. Methods: cfPWV measurements were performed in 43 MCTD patients and 107 healthy controls. The difference between cfPWV in the two groups was statistically examined and subsequently controlled for the effect of possible confounding factors. Association of cfPWV with MCTD associated organ involvement, routine laboratory parameters and immunoserological markers was also evaluated. Finally, relationship of cfPWV with medications and traditional CV risk factors was examined. <h3>Results:</h3> Adjusted statistical analyses for confounding factors showed significantly higher cfPWV values in MCTD patients in comparison to controls (<i>p<sub>adj</sub></i>&lt;0.001). cfPWV correlated in both the patients and the control group significantly with age (<i>rho</i>=0.69, <i>p</i>&lt;0.001 and <i>rho</i>=0.67, <i>p</i>&lt;0.001 respectively), diastolic arterial pressure (p<i><sub>adj</sub></i>=0.024 and p<i><sub>adj</sub></i>=0.032 respectively) and mean arterial pressure (<i>rho</i>=0.44, <i>p</i>=0.004 and <i>rho</i>=0.49, <i>p</i>&lt;0.001 respectively). Moreover, cfPWV correlated in the control group with systolic arterial pressure (<i>p<sub>adj</sub></i>&lt;0.001) (Fig. 1). Higher cfPWV values could be documented in the subset of MCTD patients without lung involvement (p=0.049). <h3>Conclusion:</h3> To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that patients with MCTD have significantly higher aortic stiffness and thus CV risk in comparison to controls. Except the disease itself, age and blood pressure were the main predictors of cfPWV. <h3>References</h3> [1] Bortel LM Van, Laurent S, Boutouyrie P, et al. Expert consensus document on the measurement of aortic stiffness in daily practice using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. [2] J Hypertens2012; 30: 445–448. <h3>Disclosure of interests:</h3> Konstantinos Triantafyllias: None declared, Michele De Blasi : None declared, Freya Lütgendorf: None declared, Lorenzo Cavagna: None declared, Marco Stortz: None declared, Julia Weinmann-Menke : None declared, Stavros Konstantinides : None declared, Peter Galle : None declared, andreas Schwarting Grant/research support from: GSK, Pfizer, abbVie, Novartis, Roche, Speakers bureau: GSK, Novartis
PB2440 CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH CANCER TREATED FOR VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM IN GENERAL HOSPITAL DR. JOSIP BENČEVIĆ DURING FIVE YEARS
Authors: H. Holik, B. Coha, A. Kovač Peić, D. Pulanić
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Background: In the Republic of Croatia cancer is the second cause of mortality after cardiovascular disease. Patients with cancer have a 4 to 7‐fold higher risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) and those who developed VTE have poorer survival than those without VTE. The greatest risk of developing VTE is present in pancreatic, brain, stomach and ovarian cancer, while the lowest risk is with breast and prostate cancer. Aims: Analyze characteristics of patients with cancer who were treated for VTE in General Hospital Dr. Josip Benčević for a period of five years. Methods: In the General Hospital Dr Josip Benčević ‐ location of Slavonski Brod longitudinal observational analyzes of patients with cancer and newly diagnosed VTE treated in hospital during 2011‐2015. Results: A total of 546 cases of VTE were diagnosed in the period of 5 years, out of which 134 (25%) patients with cancer. In patients with cancer and VTE (134) 46% were female while the median age was 67 years, ranging from 38 to 89 years. 87 (65%) patients had deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE) had a 34 (25%) while 13 (10%) patients had PE and DVT simultaneously. Cancer was only risk factor for development of VTE in 44 (33%) patients, while others had one or more additional risk factors; 51 patients (38%) were treated with possible thrombogenic chemotherapy, 36 (27%) had surgery within 6 months of diagnosis, 15 (11%) patients had sepsis and 18 (13%) were immobilized. A total of 27 (20%) patients died, 16 out of pulmonary embolism, 10 from cancer and 1 from sepsis as a main cause of death. The most common primary cancer sites were: lung 17%, colon and rectum 16%, haematological malignancies 11%, pancreas 9%, ovary 8%, prostate 7%, breast 6%, liver and gallbladder 6%, urinary bladder 5 % and stomach 4%. Summary/Conclusion: The results of our analysis are consistent with data from the literature on VTE incidence and the percentage of VTE caused by cancer. Distrubution of patients with cancer and VTE according to primary cancer site is also like data from literature – most cases were with lung and colon cancer who are the most common cases of cancer in our population while the most thrombogenic cancer in our study was pancreas. VTE prevention in patients with high risk of developing VTE is a priority in today's treatment. Strong adherence of the appropriate thromboprophylaxis is required to reduce the incidence of VTE in the cancer patients.
Abstract 16085: Baseline High Sensitivity Troponin T Value Below the Level of Detection to Rule-Out Acute Myocardial Infarction in the United States
Authors: Chaun M Gandolfo, Richard Nowak, Michael P Hudson, Michele Moyer, Robert Christenson, Bernard Cook, Gordon Jacobsen, James McCord
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The use of a single baseline high sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) measurement less than the level of detection (LoD) to rule-out acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is recommen...
Abstract 47: Expression of Galectin-3 in the Myocardium and Arterial Walls of Kawasaki Disease Patients
Authors: Fujito Numano, Chisato Shimizu, Susan Jimenez-Fernandez, Matthew Vejar, Toshiaki Oharaseki, Kei Takahashi, Andrea Salgado, Adriana H Tremoulet, John B Gordon, Lori B Daniels, Jane C Burns
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Although coronary artery aneurysms are the most significant complication of Kawasaki Disease (KD), histologic examination has revealed myocarditis and myocardial fibrosis (MF) in most cases. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a matricellular protein that plays a multifunctional role in inflammation, fibrosis, and cell differentiation. It is a prognostic indicator of heart failure and cardiovascular events. Gal-3 plays a role in adhesion and migration of inflammatory and fibroblastic cells. We previously reported that plasma Gal-3 levels were elevated in acute pediatric KD and adult KD with giant aneurysms (GA). We postulated that Gal-3 may be involved in both acute inflammation and convalescent fibrosis in KD. Methods: Conventional H&amp;E staining, Trichrome staining and immunohistochemical analysis for Gal-3 were performed on 1 acute stage KD subject and 10 convalescent stage KD hearts including 6 from subjects with GA and 4 from subjects without aneurysms who died of non-cardiovascular causes. Results: In the acute KD myocardium, round inflammatory cells were seen infiltrating the myocardium and positive staining for Gal-3 was noted. In the myocardium of convalescent KD with GA, widespread cardiomyocyte degeneration and necrosis with extensive bridging fibrosis were observed but inflammatory cells were not detected; spindle-shaped cells expressing Gal-3 in the cytoplasm were observed between cardiomyocytes. Myocardial fibrosis and Gal-3 expression were not observed in the myocardium of KD subjects without aneurysms. In the acute KD coronary arteries, Gal-3 positive inflammatory cells were observed in all layers, and the intima was already thickened by illness day 7. Destruction of the internal elastic lamina and intimal thickening with Gal-3-positive spindle-shaped cells were observed in coronary and systemic arteries of convalescent KD subjects. Conclusion: Gal-3 expression was related to inflammation in acute KD and tissue fibrosis in late convalescent KD with GA. Elevated levels of Gal-3 should raise concern for MF in KD patients with GA. However, in KD without aneurysms, myocardial fibrosis and Gal-3 expression were not observed; therefore myocarditis in KD patients with normal coronary arteries may improve without progression to MF.
Рівень фосфоліпази А2 типу IIA та колагену IV у хворих на хронічний алкогольний панкреатит у поєднанні з цирозом печінки класу А, В за Чайльд — П’ю
Authors: V.H. Mishchuk, K.M. Skoropad
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2020)

У 49 хворих, у 20 з яких діагностовано поєднане ураження підшлункової залози (хронічний панкреатит у стадії загострення) та печінки (цироз печінки класу А, В за Чайльд — П’ю) алкогольної етіології, у 12 — хронічний панкреатит у стадії загострення без супутньої патології та в 17 — алкогольний цироз печінки аналогічної стадії без втягнення в процес підшлункової залози, проведено визначення концентрації фосфоліпази А2 типу ІІА та рівня колагену ІV у сироватці крові. Найбільш високу концентрацію фосфоліпази А2 типу ІІА виявлено у хворих із поєднаним алкогольним ураженням підшлункової залози та печінки (568,57 ± 30,34 пг/мл), що в 1,58 раза перевищувала її рівень в обстежених з ізольованим алкогольним ураженням підшлункової залози (Р &lt; 0,05). У хворих на алкогольний цироз печінки класу А, В за Чайльд — П’ю концентрація фосфоліпази А2 типу ІІА становила (171,35 ± 22,46) пг/мл (у здорових — (123,00 ± 10,12) пг/мл). Відповідно до давності поєднаного ураження підшлункової залози та печінки (понад 5 років) рівень фосфоліпази А2 типу ІІА знижувався, тоді як концентрація колагену ІV зросла у 2,5 раза порівняно з таким показником у хворих при давності захворювання до одного року, а між ними був встановлений обернений кореляційний зв’язок середньої сили.
Abstract 14608: Functional Screening Identifies Micrornas Inducing Cardiac Regeneration
Authors: Ana Eulalio, Miguel Mano, Matteo Dal Ferro, Lorena Zentilin, Serena Zacchigna, Mauro Giacca
Journal: Circulation (2012)

In mammals, embryonic development of the heart depends on the increase in cardiomyocyte number, but shortly after birth cardiac myocytes stop proliferating and further growth of the myocardium occu...