tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Teva pays $54m to settle claims it paid doctors kickbacks to prescribe its drugs
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Three subsidiaries of the Israeli pharmaceutical giant Teva, including Teva USA, will pay $54m (£41m; $48m) to settle a lawsuit launched by two former sales representatives who alleged that the company paid doctors kickbacks for prescribing the multiple sclerosis drug Copaxone (glatiramer acetate) and the Parkinson’s disease drug Azilect (rasagiline).

Charles Arnstein and Hossam Senousy alleged that from 2003 until 2014, when they left Teva’s employment, the company bribed doctors by paying honorariums for sham speaker programmes.

The rapid increases in sales of the two drugs in this period were “hardly a coincidence,” the two men alleged in their suit, and were the “direct result of a pervasive illegal kickback scheme.”1

Doctors were paid an average of over $2000 for each presentation they made in the speaker scheme.

The speaker programme itself replaced …
Incidence and Outcome of <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Infection—Beware of Strain Type and Diagnostic Tests
Authors: Dale N. Gerding
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Alexandre R. Marra, MD, MS; Eli N. Perencevich, MD, MS; Richard E. Nelson, PhD; Matthew Samore, MD; Karim Khader, PhD; Hsiu-Yin Chiang, PhD; Margaret L. Chorazy, PhD; Loreen A. Herwaldt, MD; Daniel J. Diekema, MD; Michelle F. Kuxhausen, MS; Amy Blevins, MALS; Melissa A. Ward, MS; Jennifer S. McDanel, PhD; Rajeshwari Nair, PhD, MBBS; Erin Balkenende, MPH; Marin L. Schweizer, PhD
Front-Line Chemotherapy with or without NGR-HTNF in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: V. Gregorc, N. Zilembo, F. Grossi, T. De Pas, F. Pietrantonio, M. Giovannini, G. Rossoni, A. Bulotta, A. Lambiase, C. Bordignon
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
A Phase 2 Randomized Open-Label Study of Ramucirumab (IMC 1121b; RAM) in Combination with Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Patients (PTS) with Recurrent or Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Results From Non-Squamous (NSQ) PTS (NCT01160744)
Authors: R. Doebele, D. Spigel, M. Tehfe, S. Thomas, M. Reck, S. Verma, S. Yurasov, D.R. Camidge, P. Bonomi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Computed Tomography and Fluoroscopic Angiography in Management of Left Ventricular Assist Device Outflow Graft Obstruction
Authors: Isaac Wamala, Simon Kneissler, Friedrich Kaufmann, Jaime-Jürgen Eulert-Grehn, Evgenij Potapov, Stephan Dreysse, Christoph Starck, Volkmar Falk, Natalia Solowjowa
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)
Geospatial and seasonal variation of bronchiolitis in England: a cohort study using hospital episode statistics
Authors: Kate Marie Lewis, Bianca De Stavola, Pia Hardelid
Journal: Thorax (2020)

Background Rates of hospital admissions for bronchiolitis vary seasonally and geographically across England; however, seasonal differences by area remain unexplored. We sought to describe spatial variation in the seasonality of hospital admissions for bronchiolitis and its association with local demographic characteristics. Methods Singleton children born in English National Health Service hospitals between 2011 and 2016 (n=3 727 013) were followed up for 1 year. Poisson regression models with harmonic functions to model seasonal variations were used to calculate weekly incidence rates and peak timing of bronchiolitis admissions across English regions and clinical commissioning groups (CCGs). Linear regression was used to estimate the joint association of population density and deprivation with incidence and peak timing of bronchiolitis admissions at the CCG level. Results Bronchiolitis admission rates ranged from 30.9 per 1000 infant-years (95% CI 30.4 to 31.3) in London to 68.7 per 1000 (95% CI 67.9 to 69.5) in the North West. Across CCGs, there was a 5.3-fold variation in incidence rates and the epidemic peak ranged from week 49.3 to 52.2. Admission rates were positively associated with area-level deprivation. CCGs with earlier peak epidemics had higher population densities, and both high and low levels of deprivation were associated with earlier peak timing. Conclusions Approximately one quarter of the variation in admission rates and two-fifths of the variation in peak timing of hospital admissions for bronchiolitis were explained by local demographic characteristics. Implementation of an early warning system could help to prepare hospitals for peak activity and to time public health messages.
Internet Use by Cancer Patients and Their Relatives: an Useful Information Tool Ir Our Country or a Confusion Element? : Final Results of Our Study
Authors: C.O. Ruiperez, M.L. Gomez, M. Molina-Garido, L.H. Martinez, A. Olaverri Hernandez, M. Muñoz Sanchez, J. Santiago Crespo, F. Lobo, A. Carrato, J. Feliu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Efficacy and Safety of Denosumab in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: Updated Results with Independent Radiographic Assessment of Response
Authors: J. Blay, S. Chawla, E. Choy, R.J. Grimer, S. Ferrari, P. Reichardt, P. Rutkowski, D. Thomas, Y. Qian, I. Jacobs
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Quality of Life in Elderly Patients Treated with Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Prospective Comparison Study
Authors: S. Park, C.H. Maeng, M.K. Choi, J.Y. Hong, S.J. Lee, H.K. Ahn, H.A. Jung, S. Kim, J.-M. Sun, J.S. Ahn, K. Park, M. Ahn
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Live attenuated pertussis vaccine BPZE1 induces a broad antibody response in humans
Authors: Ang Lin, Danijela Apostolovic, Maja Jahnmatz, Frank Liang, Sebastian Ols, Teghesti Tecleab, Chenyan Wu, Marianne van Hage, Ken Solovay, Keith Rubin, Camille Locht, Rigmor Thorstensson, Marcel Thalen, Karin Loré
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

BACKGROUND. The live attenuated BPZE1 vaccine candidate induces protection against B. pertussis and prevents nasal colonization in animal models. Here we report on the responses in humans receiving a single intranasal administration of BPZE1.
The Efficacy of R-Thrombomodulin in Comparison with Dalteparin NA in 26 Patients with Hematological Malignancy Complicated by DIC
Authors: T. Morishita, S. Sahashi, K. Miyao, T. Saito, R. Sakemura, K. Watanabe, K. Niimi, Y. Ono, M. Sawa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Clinical utility of fractional exhaled nitric oxide in severe asthma management
Authors: Andrew Menzies-Gow, Adel H. Mansur, Christopher E. Brightling
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, affecting over 350 million people worldwide and placing a significant burden on healthcare providers and wider society. Approximately 5-10% of asthma patients are diagnosed with severe asthma and typically are associated with increased risk of hospitalisation from exacerbations, increased morbidity, mortality and higher asthma-associated healthcare costs. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important regulator of immune responses and is a product of inflammation in the airways that is over-produced in asthma. Fractional exhaled NO (FeNO) is predominantly used as a predictor of response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs), to monitor adherence and as a diagnostic tool in ICS-naïve patients. In the UK, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines recommend the use of FeNO for the initial diagnosis of patients with suspected asthma. In the USA, American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines recommend FeNO as part of the initial diagnosis of asthma and for monitoring of airway inflammation. FeNO has also been shown to be a predictive factor for asthma exacerbations, with higher levels being associated with a greater number of exacerbations. In addition, higher levels of FeNO have been shown to be associated with a decline in lung function. FeNO testing is a cost-effective procedure and has been shown to improve patient management when combined with standard assessment methods. Recent evidence suggests that FeNO may also be useful as a surrogate biomarker for the assessment and management of severe asthma and to predict responsiveness to some biological therapies.
A Phase I/II Trial of Erlotinib S-1 Therapy in Patients with Previously Treated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Thoracic Oncology Research Group (TORG) 0808/0913
Authors: A. Sato, N. Nogami, T. Shinkai, T. Kozuki, A. Ogino, Y. Misumi, Y. Hosomi, T. Shimokawa, N. Hida, N. Seki, C. Honma, H. Okamoto, M. Shibuya, S. Morita, K. Watanabe
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
The circadian clock is disrupted in mice with adenine-induced tubulointerstitial nephropathy
Authors: Hiroaki Motohashi, Yu Tahara, Daniel S. Whittaker, Huei-Bin Wang, Takahiro Yamaji, Hiromichi Wakui, Atsushi Haraguchi, Mayu Yamazaki, Hiroki Miyakawa, Koki Hama, Hiroyuki Sasaki, Tomoko Sakai, Rina Hirooka, Kengo Takahashi, Miku Takizawa, Saneyuki Makino, Shinya Aoyama, Christopher S. Colwell, Shigenobu Shibata
Journal: Kidney International (2020)
WHO retracts opioid guidelines after accepting that industry had an influence
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The World Health Organization has formally retracted its two main guidelines on the use of opioids for pain control, after its own review lent credence to outside complaints that the drafting process had been unduly influenced by opioid manufacturers, notably Purdue Pharma’s international subsidiary Mundipharma.

The retraction notice was published in the January issue of the Bulletin of the World Health Organization .1 The retracted guidelines are Ensuring Balance in National Policies on Controlled Substances ,2 published in 2011, and WHO Guidelines on the …
Efficacy of trabectedin for advanced soft tissue sarcoma (ASTS): A retrospective single center analysis.
Authors: Javier Martinez-Trufero, Isabel Pajares, Alba Hernandez Garcia, Ana Cebollero, Lourdes Calera, Antonio Anton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e21509 Background: Trabectedin (Yondelis) is the first marine-derived antineoplastic drug approved in Europe for the treatment of patients with recurrent ASTS or for patients unsuited to receive anthracyclines and ifosfamide. We retrospectively analyzed patients with ASTS treated with trabectedin from Nov. 2006 to April 2012. Methods: Trabectedin was given at the approved dose of 1.5 mg/m 2 as a 24-h infusion every 3 weeks. An analysis of response rate, time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) and univariate analyses of prognostic factors were performed. Results: Overall,39 patients (24 men) with mostly high-grade (n=29) ASTS with a median age of 57 years (range 20-81) were analyzed. Most had L-type STS (leiomyosarcoma n=10; liposarcoma n=3), undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (n=11), sarcoma NOS (n=5), or synovial STS (n=2). Eight had one of 6 very rare STS. At baseline patients had metastatic (n=21), bulky (n=4) or metastatic/bulky (n=14) disease and were pretreated with a median of 2 prior chemotherapy lines (range: 0-3; 4 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy only), including anthracycline-based chemotherapy (n=30), gemcitabine plus dacarbazine (GEM-DTIC; n=18), other (n=20). Patients received a median of 4 trabectedin cycles (range 1-34). Among 37 evaluable patients best responses as per RECIST were partial response (PR, n=7), stable disease (SD &gt;3 months, n=9, 5 had SD &gt;6 months) and disease progression (n=19), and 5 patients had a decrease in tumor density. Responses to trabectedin and GEM-DTIC did not exclude responses to the other regimen suggesting the feasibility of sequential treatment. After a median follow-up of 9.37 months, median TTP and OS were 4.4 months (95% CI: 3.5-5.4) and 9.7 months (95% CI: 4.5-14.9), respectively. Univariate analyses identified low/medium-grade STS and growth modulation index &gt;1.13 as favorable prognostic factors for TTP, and retroperitoneal/visceral localization, L-type and rare STS and low/medium-grade STS for OS. Conclusions: The results of this real-life retrospective analysis confirmed the findings of previous trials showing that trabectedin is active drug for ASTS.
NCCN Guidelines Insights: Hematopoietic Growth Factors, Version 1.2020
Authors: Pamela Sue Becker, Elizabeth A. Griffiths, Laura M. Alwan, Kimo Bachiashvili, Anna Brown, Rita Cool, Peter Curtin, Shira Dinner, Ivana Gojo, Ashley Hicks, Avyakta Kallam, Wajih Zaheer Kidwai, Dwight D. Kloth, Eric H. Kraut, Daniel Landsburg, Gary H. Lyman, Ryan Miller, Sudipto Mukherjee, Shiven Patel, Lia E. Perez, Adam Poust, Raajit Rampal, Rachel Rosovsky, Vivek Roy, Hope S. Rugo, Sepideh Shayani, Sumithira Vasu, Martha Wadleigh, Kelly Westbrook, Peter Westervelt, Jennifer Burns, Jennifer Keller, Lenora A. Pluchino
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2020)

Management of febrile neutropenia (FN) is an integral part of supportive care for patients undergoing cancer treatment. The NCCN Guidelines for Hematopoietic Growth Factors provide suggestions for appropriate evaluation, risk determination, prophylaxis, and management of FN. These NCCN Guidelines are intended to guide clinicians in the appropriate use of growth factors for select patients undergoing treatment of nonmyeloid malignancies. These NCCN Guidelines Insights highlight important updates to the NCCN Guidelines regarding the incorporation of newly FDA-approved granulocyte-colony stimulating factor biosimilars for the prevention and treatment of FN.
This Time I Mean It!
Authors: Margaret Tempero
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2020)

This Time I Mean It! B y the time you read this, you will have weathered another holiday season with too many parties, too much food, and yes, too much eggnog!You are maybe feeling a little disappointed with yourself for all of this overindulgence.Perhaps you are staring at the scale with a wary eye and wondering how disciplined you can be on your keto diet, not to mention your new, aggressive workout program.Oh wait; that is how I feel!Chances are you never started down that rabbit hole in the first place.Good for you!To assuage my misery, I looked at last January's "Oncology Watch," hoping to be satisfied that I had at least kept my professional promises and followed through with last year's resolution: to become a smarter doctor.At the time, I was full of resolve to use every new drug approval as a learning opportunity and to read a major scientific review at least once a week.I have to be honest here: I didn't even come close.Actually, I thought I had kept up with drug approvals.After all, we get hundreds of email blasts for each one.How could I avoid it?But I checked the FDA website, and of 41 approvals, 9 were for cancer drugs.And I didn't have a clue about 2 of those 9.Well, I know about them now, since I looked them up tonight.And I have to admit they are pretty interesting new compounds!This all gets me to thinking about how difficult it must be for the average doc in practice to keep up.I work in an academic environment where I actually have designated time to think and do my homework when there is a new scientific breakthrough.And if I can't find something I'm looking for, I can simply call on a colleague to point me in the right direction.But if you are a busy practicing oncologist, you really do have to stay on top of new drug approvals, often across many diseases.You are probably seeing patients 4 days a week, with maybe a day for paperwork or reading.From my interactions with community oncologists in the Bay Area, it's pretty clear that they do a masterful job of keeping up with new developments.Hats off to them!As for me, I am holding the line and keeping the same resolution.Every new drug will stay on my radar, and I will master the mechanism of action, the indication, and the side effects.And I promise to read at least one in-depth review of selected topics every week.I will do it!Thanks for hearing me out.In closing, I wish for all of you good health and much happiness in the New Year.
Clinical Significance of Preventing Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV) in Outpatient'S Chemotherapy Center
Authors: H. Okamoto, K. Nosaka, M. Nakamura, N. Mori, K. Mouri, K. Ozaki, K. Masa, Y. Horiuchi, N. Moto, K. Migita, H. Iwase
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
The health of adolescents in detention: a global scoping review
Authors: Rohan Borschmann, Emilia Janca, Annie Carter, Melissa Willoughby, Nathan Hughes, Kathryn Snow, Emily Stockings, Nicole T M Hill, Jane Hocking, Alexander Love, George C Patton, Susan M Sawyer, Seena Fazel, Cheneal Puljević, Jo Robinson, Stuart A Kinner
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2020)

Adolescents detained within the criminal justice system are affected by complex health problems, health-risk behaviours, and high rates of premature death. We did a global synthesis of the evidence regarding the health of this population. We searched Embase, PsycINFO, Education Resources Information Center, PubMed, Web of Science, CINCH, Global Health, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Campbell Library, the National Criminal Justice Reference System Abstract Database, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed journal articles, including reviews, that reported the prevalence of at least one health outcome (physical, mental, sexual, infectious, and neurocognitive) in adolescents (aged <20 years) in detention, and were published between Jan 1, 1980, and June 30, 2018. The reference lists of published review articles were scrutinised for additional relevant publications. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, and three reviewed full texts of relevant articles. The protocol for this Review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42016041392). 245 articles (204 primary research articles and 41 reviews) were included, with most primary research (183 [90%]) done in high-income countries. A high lifetime prevalence of health problems, risks, and conditions was reported in detained adolescents, including mental disorders (0-95%), substance use disorders (22-96%), self-harm (12-65%), neurodevelopmental disabilities (2-47%), infectious diseases (0-34%), and sexual and reproductive conditions (pregnant by age 19 years 20-37%; abnormal cervical screening test result 16%). Various physical and mental health problems and health-risk behaviours are more common among adolescents in detention than among their peers who have not been detained. As the social and structural drivers of poor health overlap somewhat with factors associated with exposure to the criminal justice system, strategies to address these factors could help to reduce both rates of adolescent detention and adolescent health inequalities. Improving the detection of mental and physical disorders, providing appropriate interventions during detention, and optimising transitional health care after release from detention could improve the health outcomes of these vulnerable young people.
Phase II Study of Bevacizumab in Combination with 1st-Line Chemotherapy or 2nd-Line Erlotinib in Non-Squamous Nsclc (Ns-Nsclc) Patients with Asymptomatic Untreated Brain Metastases (ML21823)
Authors: B. Besse, S. Le Moulec, H. Senellart, J. Mazieres, F. Barlesi, E. Dansin, G. Robinot, M. Perol, D. Moro-Sibilot, J. Soria
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Safeher: A Study of Assisted- and Self-Administered Subcutaneous Trastuzumab (H-SC) as Adjuvant Therapy in Patients With Early HER2-Positive Breast Cancer (EBC)
Authors: J. Gligorov, H.A. Azim, B. Ataseven, M. Delaurentiis, K.H. Jung, F. Herbst, A. Llombart, A. Manikhas, S. Osborne, X. Pivot
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Reduction of the therapeutic dose of silencing RNA by packaging it in extracellular vesicles via a pre-microRNA backbone
Authors: Ryan Reshke, James A. Taylor, Alexandre Savard, Huishan Guo, Luke H. Rhym, Piotr S. Kowalski, My Tran Trung, Charles Campbell, Wheaton Little, Daniel G. Anderson, Derrick Gibbings
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2020)
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy; Towards Clinical Application in Breast Cancer
Authors: T.J.M. Ruers, D. Evers, R. Nachabé, M.J. Vranken Peeters, J. van der Hage, H. Oldenburg, E. Rutgers, G. Lucassen, B. Hendriks, J. Wesseling
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
O-0002 A Phase 2 Adjuvant Trial of GI-4000 Plus Gemcitabine vs. Gemcitabine Alone in Ras+ Patients with Resected Pancreas Cancer: R1 Subgroup Analysis
Authors: Donald Richards, Peter Muscarella, Tanios Bekaii-Saab, Lalan Wilfong, Alexander Rosemurgy, Sharona Ross, Julian Raynov, Patrick Flynn, William Fisher, Sam Whiting, Constanta Timcheva, Frank Harrell, Nathaniel Mercaldo, Scott Kosten, Sue Speyer, Joni Richman, Claire Coeshott, Allen Cohn, John Ferraro, Timothy Rodell, David Apelian
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Interfacial properties and micellization of triblock poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone)-polyethyleneimine copolymers
Authors: Ji Li, Yitian Du, Haitao Su, Shixuan Cheng, Yanxia Zhou, Yiguang Jin, Xian-Rong Qi
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2020)

This study aimed to explore the link between block copolymers' interfacial properties and nanoscale carrier formation and found out the influence of length ratio on these characters to optimize drug delivery system. A library of diblock copolymers of PEG-PCL and triblock copolymers with additional PEI (PEG-PCL-PEI) were synthesized. Subsequently, a systematic isothermal investigation was performed to explore molecular arrangements of copolymers at air/water interface. Then, structural properties and drug encapsulation in self-assembly were investigated with DLS, SLS and TEM. We found the additional hydrogen bond in the PEG-PCL-PEI contributes to film stability upon the hydrophobic interaction compared with PEG-PCL. PEG-PCL-PEI assemble into smaller micelle-like (such as PEG-PCL4006-PEI) or particle-like structure (such as PEG-PCL8636-PEI) determined by their hydrophilic and hydrophobic block ratio. The distinct structural architectures of copolymer are consistent between interface and self-assembly. Despite the disparity of constituent ratio, we discovered the arrangement of both chains guarantees balanced hydrophilic–hydrophobic ratio in self-assembly to form stable construction. Meanwhile, the structural differences were found to have significant influence on model drugs incorporation including docetaxel and siRNA. Taken together, these findings indicate the correlation between molecular arrangement and self-assembly and inspire us to tune block compositions to achieve desired nanostructure and drug loading.
A Case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Anal Canal Occurring 10 Years after Hysterectomy for Uterine Cervical Cancer
Authors: H. Hong, Y. Fujitani, R. Yamamura, T. Araki, Y. Takeoka, S. Kosaka, K. Ohta, H. Fukuda, T. Hayashi, M. Hino
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
O-0004 Updated Analysis of Phase II Study of the Anti-IGF-1R Antibody MK-0646 with Gemcitabine +/- Erlotinib for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer (APC)
Authors: Rachna Shroff, Milind Javle, Gauri Varadhachary, Robert Wolff, David Fogelman, Priya Bhosale, Xuemei Wang, Michael Overman, Sriram Sathyanarayanan, Mark Ayers, David Mauro, James Abbruzzese
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
First Line Sunitinib in Type I and II Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma (PRCC): Supap- A Phase II Study of the French Genito-Urinary Group (GETUG) and the Group of Early Phase Trials (GEP)
Authors: A. Ravaud, S. Oudard, M. De Fromont, C. Chevreau, G. Gravis, S. Zanetta, C. Theodore, M. Jimenez, E. Sevin, B. Escudier
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)