tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Author Correction: Human and mouse single-nucleus transcriptomics reveal TREM2-dependent and TREM2-independent cellular responses in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Yingyue Zhou, Wilbur M. Song, Prabhakar S. Andhey, Amanda Swain, Tyler Levy, Kelly R. Miller, Pietro L. Poliani, Manuela Cominelli, Shikha Grover, Susan Gilfillan, Marina Cella, Tyler K. Ulland, Konstantin Zaitsev, Akinori Miyashita, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Makoto Sainouchi, Akiyoshi Kakita, David A. Bennett, Julie A. Schneider, Michael R. Nichols, Sean A. Beausoleil, Jason D. Ulrich, David M. Holtzman, Maxim N. Artyomov, Marco Colonna
Journal: Nature Medicine (2020)
THE YIELD FROM POLYP SURVEILLANCE AT A BOWELSCREEN CENTRE
Authors: M Elsiddig, DJ Gandhi, J Leyden
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in Ireland. BowelScreen was instituted in 2012 as a cost-effective programme for reducing mortality among the asymptomatic population. As the programme expands, the number of surveillance procedures is increasing without a significant increase in BowelScreen endoscopy capacity.Audit of BowelScreen clients attending the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (MMUH) to determine volume and yield of surveillance.
Minimally Invasive Surgery
Authors: T N Robinson, G V Stiegmann
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Minimally invasive surgery is replacing the traditional open surgical approach for many abdominal procedures. The benefits of reduced pain, quicker return of oral intake, shorter hospitalizations, and improved cosmetic results all support the increasing use of the laparoscopic approach. This review identifies important articles published in the literature on minimally invasive surgery from June 2002 to August 2003, with the objective of identifying future trends and directions in laparoscopic surgery. The topics of articles reviewed in detail include minimally invasive techniques applied to esophageal tumors, morbid obesity, malignant liver tumors, gallbladder disease, pancreatic pathology, colon cancer, and robotic prostatectomy.
Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Richard S. Finn, Shukui Qin, Masafumi Ikeda, Peter R. Galle, Michel Ducreux, Tae-You Kim, Masatoshi Kudo, Valeriy Breder, Philippe Merle, Ahmed O. Kaseb, Daneng Li, Wendy Verret, Derek-Zhen Xu, Sairy Hernandez, Juan Liu, Chen Huang, Sohail Mulla, Yulei Wang, Ho Yeong Lim, Andrew X. Zhu, Ann-Lii Cheng
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

The combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab showed encouraging antitumor activity and safety in a phase 1b trial involving patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.
Response to: ‘Patients with lupus are not protected from COVID-19: a comment’ by Sawalha, ‘No evidence so far on the protective effect of hydroxycloroquin to prevent COVID-19: response to the Comment by Joob and Wiwanitkit’ by Romão <i>et al</i> and ‘SLE patients are not immune to COVID-19: importance of sending the right message across’ by Goyal
Authors: Beuy Joob, Viroj Wiwanitkit
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

We thank the readers who share interesting ideas on our publication entitled ‘SLE, hydroxychloroquine and no SLE patients with COVID-19: a comment’.1 First, we really appreciate the reply by Monti and Montecucco.2 We agree that large registry data are required to clarify the incidence of COVID-19 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).1 Seeking for a new drug against the emerging COVID-19 is a challenge. In this pandemic situation, urgent search for drug and vaccine is necessary. Not only hydroxychloroquine but also other drugs such as antiretroviral drugs are widely used without complete clinical trials. We feel glad that our article can stimulate data sharing on the important issue of the inter-relationship between COVID-19, SLE …
The Effect of Dietary Protein Restriction on the Progression of Diabetic and Nondiabetic Renal Diseases
Authors: Michael T. Pedrini, Andrew S. Levey, Joseph Lau, Thomas C. Chalmers, Ping H. Wang
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Background: Dietary protein has long been thought to play a role in the progression of chronic renal disease, but clinical trials to date have not consistently shown that dietary protein restrictio...
High COVID-19 Attack Rate Among Attendees at Events at a Church — Arkansas, March 2020
Authors: Allison James, Lesli Eagle, Cassandra Phillips, D. Stephen Hedges, Cathie Bodenhamer, Robin Brown, J. Gary Wheeler, Hannah Kirking
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)

What is already known about this topic?Large gatherings pose a risk for SARS-CoV-2 transmission.What is added by this report?Among 92 attendees at a rural Arkansas church during March 6-11, 35 (38%) developed laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, and three persons died.Highest attack rates were in persons aged 19-64 years (59%) and ≥65 years (50%).An additional 26 cases linked to the church occurred in the community, including one death.
THE BLEEDING RISK OF COLONOSCOPIC POLYPECTOMY IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS PATIENTS
Authors: TH Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims It is well known that liver cirrhosis patients have more bleeding tendency than general population Bleeding risk of colonoscopic polypectomy for liver cirrhosis patients is unclear. So we aimed to evaluate the risk factors of post-polypectomy bleeding in liver cirrhosis patients.
David Oliver: Covid-19 has made news out of old news
Authors: David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The coronavirus pandemic has brought many health and social care issues to the fore. It’s really struck me that many issues that were already clear to health professionals before the pandemic have now become news, when previously they struggled for attention outside specialist healthcare publications. Things that were already essentially good and often mainstream practice before the pandemic are now presented as bad.

Already, it was a good idea to discuss resuscitation with patients and families and to have more structured, person centred plans, goals, and limitations of treatment, using processes such as ReSPECT1 or advance care plans23 for people with long term conditions or frailty, including care home residents. The main push was to do more of this, for more people, more of the time—and hence …
Correction: Activation of MAPK Signaling by CXCR7 Leads to Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Shangze Li, Ka-wing Fong, Galina Gritsina, Ali Zhang, Jonathan C. Zhao, Jung Kim, Adam Sharp, Wei Yuan, Caterina Aversa, Ximing J. Yang, Peter S. Nelson, Felix Y. Feng, Arul M. Chinnaiyan, Johann S. de Bono, Colm Morrissey, Matthew B. Rettig, Jindan Yu
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

In the original version of this article (1), the same image was inadvertently duplicated in Fig. 5J, column #2. These errors have been corrected in the latest online HTML and PDF versions of the article. The authors regret this error.
World leaders adopt resolution to study WHO’s response to covid-19
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2020)

<h3>Background</h3> Most existing centres for health technology assessment (HTA) are associated with payers or government agencies, and review and analyse emerging and costly technologies. Yet, such centres can exist within individual medical centres as well, and can use HTA methods locally to synthesise, disseminate and implement best clinical practices to improve the quality, safety and value of patient care. <h3>Objectives</h3> Describe the structure, processes and outcomes of a model of hospital-based HTA (HB-HTA) in the US, such that it can be applied elsewhere. <h3>Methods</h3> Our academic medical centre established the centre for Evidence-based Practice (CEP) in 2006. CEP synthesises guidelines and studies for clinical and administrative leaders to inform decision-making, integrates select syntheses into practice through clinical decision support (CDS), and provides education in evidence-based practice. Local utilisation and cost data are incorporated where appropriate. <h3>Results</h3> Nearly 200 evidence reports have been completed to date, and over 35 reports have been integrated into CDS. The median time from project opening to first draft is 4 weeks. CEP also contracts with external organisations such as the CDC and AHRQ on systematic reviews and guidelines. <h3>Discussion</h3> To complete reviews rapidly, we work closely with requestors to define the questions up front and limit the scope, use experienced analysts to perform high yield searches with single study reviews and extraction, and use best available evidence and existing guidelines and reviews. <h3>Implications for Guideline Developers/Users</h3> An HB-HTA centre can develop, adapt and implement guidelines locally to support a culture of evidence-based practice and decision-making.
ENDOSCOPIC RESECTION FOR COLONIC ANGIOMAS
Authors: J Zhang, J Zhou, L Shen
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

A 63-year-old female was admitted for repeated hematochezia, red stool mainly, for one week. Physical examination showed anemic appearance without abdominal pain or rebound tenderness. Laboratory tests showed lower level of hemoglobin (76 g/L), and positive fecal occult blood test with abundant red blood cell. Emergency colonoscopy discovered a punctate bleeding in the left colon. Bleeding would be stopped after rinsing with water, but recovered after touching with the top of colonoscopy. Endoscopic resection was performed to remove the lesion (Video 1), and typical angioma was found in pathology. No bleeding occurred during the follow-up 2 years.
Hydroxychloroquine effects on psoriasis: A systematic review and a cautionary note for COVID-19 treatment
Authors: Muskaan Sachdeva, Asfandyar Mufti, Khalad Maliyar, Yuliya Lytvyn, Jensen Yeung
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)

While evidence suggests that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) may decrease the viral load in patients with a COVID-19 infection, a number of case reports indicate adverse dermatologic effects of this potential treatment.To conduct a systematic review of previously reported cases of psoriasis onset, exacerbation, or relapse after HCQ treatment.Embase and MEDLINE were comprehensively searched for original studies examining adverse effects of HCQ treatment related to psoriasis. Participant demographics and details of HCQ administration and psoriasis diagnosis were extracted from 15 articles representing 18 patients.Women accounted for a significantly larger number of cases of psoriasis compared with men and unreported sex (14 [77.8%] vs 2 [11.1%] vs 2 [11.1%], respectively). In addition, 50% (n = 9) of the patients did not have a history of psoriasis before taking HCQ. Of the 18 patients, 9 (50.0%) experienced de novo psoriasis, 5 (27.8%) experienced exacerbation of psoriatic symptoms, and 4 (22.2%) had a relapse of psoriasis after HCQ administration.HCQ treatment may result in induction, exacerbation, or relapse of psoriasis. Monitoring for adverse effects of HCQ treatment is necessary, and clinical trials are essential in characterizing the safety profile of HCQ use in patients with a COVID-19 infection.
Studies in Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Kermit E. Osserman
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Modern management of myasthenia gravis has markedly improved prognosis in instances of crisis and has made thymectomy a safe and essentially uneventful procedure. A small core of patients with refractory myasthenia unresponsive to drug adjustment, adjuvant medication, and thymectomy occupy, today, the bulk of hospital beds for this disease. In an attempt to solve this problem 25 short-term courses of corticotropin as a single or "paired" course were administered in massive dosage to 11 hospitalized patients, with gratifying results.
Abstract 16502: Stent-Crimp-Induced Calcification of Transcatheter Aortic Valves
Authors: Ramin Zareian, Jen-Chieh Tseng, Rob Fraser, Jeff Meganck, Marshall Kilduff, Jeffrey Peterson, Arash Kheradvar
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Durability is currently a main concern related to transcatheter aortic valve (TAV) replacement. While many cases of early valve degeneration have been reported, it is not yet known wh...
Cytokine Levels in the Body Fluids of a Patient With COVID-19 and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Changsong Wang, Kai Kang, Yan Gao, Ming Ye, Xiuwen Lan, Xueting Li, Mingyan Zhao, Kaijiang Yu
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Background: Some patients with coronavirus disease 2019 progress rapidly to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), septic shock, and multiple organ failure (1).Some experts attribute this sequence of events to a large increase in cytokines (cytokine storm) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or a secondary infection by another organism.Objective: To report cytokine levels in multiple body fluids from a patient with COVID-19 and ARDS, septic shock, and multiple organ failure.Case Report: On 20 January 2020, a 66-year-old man who had been exposed to a patient with COVID-19 developed cough and fever and treated himself at home.On 2 February, his cough and fever gradually worsened, his body temperature reached 38.7 °C, and he developed diarrhea and vomiting.He was treated at a local hospital, where his medical history included vitiligo, gastric ulcer, coronary heart disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.He developed dyspnea 2 days later, and COVID-19 was diagnosed by a throat swab that was tested for nucleic acid.He received the antiviral drug abidol and supportive care.When his dyspnea worsened, he was transferred to the intensive care unit for noninvasive mechanical ventilation.On 11 February, mechanical ventilation was started because of a progressive decrease in blood oxygen saturation, a blood lactate level of 4 mmol/L, and a PaO 2 -FiO 2 ratio of 186 mm Hg.On 17 February, the patient was transferred to the Severe COVID-19 Intensive Treatment Center of Heilongjiang Province.His COVID-19 status was confirmed as a critical type, according to guidelines from the National Health Commission (trial version 7).We treated him with antiviral drugs, immunoglobulin infusions, lung-protective ventilation, and lung recruitment and prone position ventilation.In addition, we started measuring levels of the cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in his blood daily and in his bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and pleural fluid intermittently, and we found high levels (Figure).On 23 February, we started continuous renal replacement therapy with an Oxiris filter (Baxter International), which is designed to adsorb uremic toxins, endotoxin, and cytokines.Computed tomography on 24 February showed worsening of pulmonary inflammation.On 1 March, we started extracorporeal membrane oxygenation because we could not maintain the patient's oxygenation with intermittent prone position ventilation.On 2 March, the patient developed septic shock and cardiac insufficiency, and we introduced an intra-aortic balloon pump.On 6 March, every-other-day plasmapheresis was started in another attempt to decrease his cytokine levels.Computed tomography on 9 March showed that the patient's lung consolidation had worsened.Unfortunately, the patient died on 14 March.Discussion: The role of cytokine storm in patients with COVID-19 is uncertain.We measured levels of IL-6 and IL-10 * Drs.
Recombinant Human Relaxin in the Treatment of Scleroderma
Authors: James R. Seibold, Joseph H. Korn, Robert Simms, Phillip J. Clements, Larry W. Moreland, Maureen D. Mayes, Daniel E. Furst, Naomi Rothfield, Virginia Steen, Michael Weisman, David Collier, Fredrick M. Wigley, Peter A. Merkel, Mary Ellen Csuka, Vivien Hsu, Susan Rocco, Mark Erikson, John Hannigan, W. Scott Harkonen, Martin E. Sanders
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Twenty-four weeks of recombinant human relaxin therapy was associated with reduced skin thickening, improved mobility, and improved function in patients with moderate to severe diffuse scleroderma.
Variation in Diagnostic Coding of Patients With Pneumonia and Its Association With Hospital Risk-Standardized Mortality Rates
Authors: Michael B. Rothberg, Penelope S. Pekow, Aruna Priya, Peter K. Lindenauer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Measures of hospital risk-standardized mortality rates for pneumonia exclude more severe cases, which are coded as sepsis or respiratory failure with pneumonia as a secondary diagnosis. This cross-...
ONE-MAN METHOD VS. TWO-MAN METHOD FOR COLONOSCOPE INSERTION: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: JJ Hyun, JW Choe, D Kim, SY Kim, SW Jung, YK Jung, JS Koo, HJ Yim, SW Lee
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims The one-man method for colonoscope insertion is recommended by professional societies and is regarded as the standard practice. However, two-man method has shown several advantages over one-man method. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of two-man compared to one-man method.
Risk of Emergency Surgery or Death After Initial Nonoperative Management of Complicated Diverticulitis in Scotland and Switzerland
Authors: Marco von Strauss und Torney, Giusi Moffa, Max Kaech, Fabian Haak, Stefan Riss, Elisabeth Deutschmann, Heiner C. Bucher, Christoph Kettelhack, Hugh M. Paterson
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

National guidelines on interval resection for prevention of recurrence after complicated diverticulitis are inconsistent. Although US and German guidelines favor interval colonic resection to prevent a perceived high risk of recurrence, UK guidelines do not.To investigate patient management and outcomes after an index inpatient episode of nonoperatively managed complicated diverticulitis in Switzerland and Scotland and determine whether interval resection was associated with the rate of disease-specific emergency surgery or death in either country.This secondary analysis of anonymized complete national inpatient data sets included all patients with an inpatient episode of successfully nonoperatively managed complicated diverticulitis in Switzerland and Scotland from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2015. The 2 countries have contrasting health care systems: Switzerland is insurance funded, while Scotland is state funded. Statistical analysis was conducted from February 1, 2018, to October 17, 2019.The primary end point defined a priori before the analysis was adverse outcome, defined as any disease-specific emergency surgical intervention or inpatient death after the initial successful nonsurgical inpatient management of an episode of complicated diverticulitis, including complications from interval elective surgery.The study cohort comprised 13 861 inpatients in Switzerland (6967 women) and 5129 inpatients in Scotland (2804 women) with an index episode of complicated acute diverticulitis managed nonoperatively. The primary end point was observed in 698 Swiss patients (5.0%) and 255 Scottish patients (5.0%) (odds ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.81-1.19). Elective interval colonic resection was undertaken in 3280 Swiss patients (23.7%; median follow-up, 53 months [interquartile range, 24-90 months]) and 231 Scottish patients (4.5%; median follow-up, 57 months [interquartile range, 27-91 months]). Death after urgent readmission for recurrent diverticulitis occurred in 104 patients (0.8%) in Switzerland and 65 patients (1.3%) in Scotland. None of the investigated confounders had a significant association with the outcome apart from comorbidity.This study found no difference in the rate of adverse outcome (emergency surgery and/or inpatient death) despite a 5-fold difference in interval resection rates.
ENDOSCOPIC REMOVAL OF A NISSEN SURGICAL MESH AFTER ESOPHAGEAL TRANSMURAL MIGRATION INDUCED BY STENT PLACEMENT
Authors: P Costa-Moreira, E Rodrigues-Pinto, AL Santos, E Dias, P Pereira, G Macedo
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

A 89-year-old woman presented a gastroesophageal stricture after fundoplication with a polytetrafluoroethylene mesh. After dilations, endoscopy revealed a mucosal discontinuity upstream stenosis, with the mesh being apparent. A 80 × 20 mm FC-SEMS was placed. After removal, mesh was still embedded. At this time, a fully covered 40x26/16/26 mm diabolo-shape stent was placed without removal intention. Two years later, diablo-stent was noted to have migrated proximally, with a mobile second foreign body (surgical mesh). The mesh was removed after overtube assistance. After removal, a long deep tear with extraluminal air was found. EVT was performed with clinical resolution. Patient was discharged eating normally.
An Ounce of HCV Prevention
Authors: L Swadling, S Capone, R D Antrobus, A Brown, R Richardson, E W Newell, J Halliday, C Kelly, D Bowen, J Fergusson, A Kurioka, V Ammendola, M Del Sorbo, F Grazioli, M L Esposito, L Siani, C Traboni, A Hill, S Colloca, M Davis, A Nicosia, R Cortese, A Folgori, P Klenerman, E Barnes
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2014)
Self-management of Epilepsy
Authors: Matthew W. Luedke, Dan V. Blalock, Karen M. Goldstein, Andrzej S. Kosinski, Saurabh R. Sinha, Connor Drake, Jeffrey D. Lewis, Aatif M. Husain, Allison A. Lewinski, Abigail Shapiro, Jennifer M. Gierisch, Tung T. Tran, Adelaide M. Gordon, Megan G. Van Noord, Hayden B. Bosworth, John W. Williams
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

This systematic review examines the components and efficacy of self-management interventions for adults with epilepsy.
Incidence, Microbiology, and Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Anoop S.V. Shah, David A. McAllister, Peter Gallacher, Federica Astengo, Jesús Alberto Rodríguez Pérez, Jennifer Hall, Kuan Ken Lee, Rong Bing, Atul Anand, Dilip Nathwani, Nicholas L. Mills, David E. Newby, Charis Marwick, Nicholas L. Cruden
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Despite improvements in management, infective endocarditis remains associated with high mortality and morbidity. We describe temporal changes in the incidence, microbiology, and outcomes of infective endocarditis and the effect of changes in national antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines on incident infective endocarditis.Using a Scotland-wide, individual-level linkage approach, all patients hospitalized with infective endocarditis from 1990 to 2014 were identified and linked to national microbiology, prescribing, and morbidity and mortality datasets. Linked data were used to evaluate trends in the crude and age- and sex-adjusted incidence and outcomes of infective endocarditis hospitalizations. From 2008, microbiology data and associated outcomes adjusted for patient demographics and comorbidity were also analyzed. An interrupted time series analysis was performed to evaluate incidence before and after changes to national antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines.There were 7638 hospitalizations (65±17 years, 51% females) with infective endocarditis. The estimated crude hospitalization rate increased from 5.3/100 000 (95% CI, 4.8-5.9) to 8.6/100 000 (95% CI, 8.1-9.1) between 1990 and 1995 but remained stable thereafter. There was no change in crude incidence following the 2008 change in antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines (relative risk of change 1.06 [95% CI, 0.94-1.20]). The incidence rate in patients >80 years of age doubled from 1990 to 2014 (17.7/100 000 [95% CI, 13.4-23.3] to 37.9/100 000 [95% CI, 31.5-45.5]). The predicted 1-year age- and comorbidity-adjusted case fatality rate for a 65-year-old patient decreased in women (27.3% [95% CI, 24.6-30.2] to 23.7% [95% CI, 21.1-26.6]) and men (30.7% [95% CI, 27.7-33.8] to 26.8% [95% CI, 24.0-29.7]) from 1990 to 2014. Blood culture data were available from 2008 (n=2267/7638, 30%), with positive blood cultures recorded in 42% (950/2267). Staphylococcus (403/950, 42.4%) and streptococcus (337/950, 35.5%) species were most common. Staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus had the highest 1-year mortality (adjusted odds ratio 4.34 [95% CI, 3.12-6.05] and 3.41 [95% CI, 2.04-5.70], respectively).Despite changes in antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines, the crude incidence of infective endocarditis has remained stable. However, the incidence rate has doubled in the elderly. Positive blood cultures were observed in less than half of patients, with Staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus bacteremia associated with worse outcomes.