tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Can Physicians Work in US Immigration Detention Facilities While Upholding Their Hippocratic Oath?
Authors: Paul Spiegel, Nancy Kass, Leonard Rubenstein
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
C: Consensus Cancer Driver Gene Caller
Authors: Chen-Yu Zhu, Chi Zhou, Yun-Qin Chen, Ai-Zong Shen, Zong-Ming Guo, Zhao-Yi Yang, Xiang-Yun Ye, Shen Qu, Jia Wei, Qi Liu
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2019)

Abstract Next-generation sequencing has allowed identification of millions of somatic mutations in human cancer cells. A key challenge in interpreting cancer genomes is to distinguish drivers of cancer development among available genetic mutations. To address this issue, we present the first web-based application, consensus cancer driver gene caller (C3), to identify the consensus driver genes using six different complementary strategies, i.e., frequency-based, machine learning-based, functional bias-based, clustering-based, statistics model-based, and network-based strategies. This application allows users to specify customized operations when calling driver genes, and provides solid statistical evaluations and interpretable visualizations on the integration results. C3 is implemented in Python and is freely available for public use at http://drivergene.rwebox.com/c3.
Support structures for female physicians: Motivations and barriers to gender-specific conferences and symposia.
Authors: Shikha Jain, Stephanie L. Graff, M Swaroop, Nicole C. Woitowich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

10518 Background: While nearly half of all medical school graduates are female, women remain underrepresented in the physician workforce. Conferences or symposia designed to address issues relevant to female physicians, such as gender-bias, sexual harassment, and work-life balance are one strategy to improve retention and advancement, yet, limited data exists surrounding their utility. To address this gap, we surveyed a multi-disciplinary group of female physicians to identify motivations or barriers to attendance. Methods: An online survey instrument was distributed nationally via social media and shared by respondents. The survey assessed participants ’ demographics, attendance at gender-specific conferences or symposia, motivations or barriers to attendance, and perceived benefits of attendance. Results: Of 792 respondents, 34% had attended a conference or symposia for women in medicine, while 66% had not. Attendees were significantly more likely to hold a leadership position (68% vs. 43%, p &lt; 0.0001), an academic faculty position (74% vs. 56%, p &lt; 0.0001), and have received a professional accolade within the past year (42% vs. 28%, p &lt; 0.0001). Non-attendees were significantly more likely to be the primary caregiver for children or seniors (64% vs. 56%, p = 0.042). Respondents indicated that an interest in discussion topics, a sense of community, and growth of professional network were key motivators in attendance. The majority of respondents indicated that attendance improved their self-advocacy, self-image, and leadership skills. Of those who did not attend, 51% were unaware of such conferences or symposia. Those who were aware, but unable to attend, cited lack of time as the major barrier to participation. Conclusions: The results of this study provide preliminary data surrounding gender-specific conferences or symposia for women in medicine and highlight opportunities for increased engagement. While not causative, attendees share attributes of professional success and report personal and professional benefits. Lack of awareness and access to child/family care are likely major barriers to participation, which can be addressed through strategic initiatives.
RNA Polymerase 1 Transcription Inhibitor CX-5461 in Patients with Advanced Hematologic Malignancies: Results of a Phase I First in Human Study
Authors: Amit Khot, Natalie Brajanovski, Donald P Cameron, Gretchen Poortinga, Elaine Sanij, John Lim, John Soong, Nadine Hein, Emma Link, Richard B Pearson, Ross Hannan, Grant A. McArthur, Simon J. Harrison
Journal: Blood (2017)
Weakness and Myalgia in a Patient With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
Authors: Pavan P. Shah, Carlos G. Romo, Mark Yarchoan
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
What is the clinical impact of PET/CT in evaluating patients for recurrent pancreatic cancer, and is it a useful tool in suspicious pancreatic lesions?
Authors: Homam Alkaied, Razan Asaad, Muhammad Jawad Popalzai, Arnold Brenner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e14704 Background: Recurrence of pancreatic cancer after surgery is difficult to detect with conventional computed scan (CT) which has limited ability to distinguish local recurrence from postoperative changes. FDG – (18-fluorine deoxyglucose) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) evaluates biologic tumor activity related to glucose metabolism. Hence, it may improve the diagnostic accuracy postoperatively for pancreatic carcinoma. PET/CT can also evaluate suspicious pancreatic lesions to predict their malignant potential. Methods: 31 PET/CT scans were reviewed retrospectively for 18 patients with pancreatic lesions found on abdominal CT. Results: 14 of 18 patients had documented pancreatic cancer. 9 patients underwent resection; 7 had Whipple procedure; 2 had distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy. All 9 patients who underwent resection had recurrent disease; 4 (44%) of them had recurrence detected by PET/CT that was not detected on CT performed within 4 weeks of the PET/CT, potentially altering their management and prognosis. 1 patient had a recurrent lesion resected and 3 patients were started on chemotherapy or chemo-radiation therapy. In 2 cases with recurrence, PET/CT was able to distinguish pancreatic bed recurrence from postsurgical changes in comparison with CT. 4 of 18 patients had suspicious pancreatic findings on CT. PET/CT in these patients showed no FDG avid pancreatic lesion. Among these 4 patients, 1 had no pancreatic biopsy performed due to comorbidity and is still alive 3.5 years later. 1 had benign finding on pancreatic biopsy. 2 had a non diagnostic pancreatic biopsy. 1 expired 2 years later due to sepsis, and the other patient was 86 years old and expired a year later of unknown cause. Conclusions: FDG PET/CT is valuable in evaluating patients with suspected recurrent pancreatic carcinoma. PET/CT is helpful in managing patients with a suspicious CT pancreatic lesion who lack histologic confirmation. If the lesion is not metabolically active, this may allow follow up with observation and reduction in unnecessary intervention in selected patients.
Tumor IGF-1 expression as a predictive biomarker for IGF1R-directed therapy in advanced pancreatic cancer (APC).
Authors: Milind M. Javle, Rachna T. Shroff, Gauri R. Varadhachary, Robert A. Wolff, David R. Fogelman, Priya Bhosale, Xuemei Wang, Siddhartha P. Kar, Michael J. Overman, Sriram Sathyanarayanan, Mark Ayers, David J. Mauro, James L. Abbruzzese
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

4054 Background: IGF-1 up-regulates PC proliferation and invasiveness through activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and down-regulates PTEN. We investigated IGF-1 expression in tissue and blood as potential predictive markers in phase II study of IGF1R-directed monoclonal antibody, MK-0646 in APC. Prior phase I established the MTD of MK0646 at 5 mg/kg with gemcitabine (G) and erlotinib (E) and 10 mg/kg with G alone. Methods: Patients (pts) with stage IV, previously untreated APC, ECOG PS 0-1, adequate hematologic and organ function were enrolled. Arm A: G 1,000 mg/m 2 over 100 min, weekly x 3, MK-0646 weekly x 4; Arm B: G 1000 mg/m 2 and MK-0646 + E 100 mg daily. Arm C (control) was G 1,000 mg/m 2 + E 100 mg. Cycles were repeated every 4 weeks. Pts were equally randomized in the 3 arms. Primary study objective was progression-free survival (PFS). Pre-treatment peripheral blood samples were measured for IGF-1 level by ELISA; archival core biopsies were analyzed for IGF-1 mRNA expression. RNA extraction from FFPE samples used Roche Transcriptor First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit. TaqMan PreAmp technique was used to amplify target cDNA prior to TaqMan RT-PCR analysis. Cox proportional hazards model for PFS analyzed the interaction between tissue IGF-1 expression and treatment. Results: 50 pts were enrolled (A=15, B=16,C=16 pts, 3 ineligible). Median PFS of arms A, B and C were 5.5 months (95% CI: 3.9 – NA), 3.0 months (95% CI:1.8 – 5.6) and 2.0 months (95% CI: 1.8 – NA), respectively (log-rank test; p = 0.17). Median OS of A was 11.3 months (95% CI: 8.9 – NA), B 8.9 months (95% CI: 5.3 – NA) and C 5.7 months (95% CI: 2.0 – NA) (log-rank test; p = 0.44). 35 archival core biopsies were analyzed, 21 had adequate tissue for analysis. Using a Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model for PFS, where IGF-1 was dichotomized at the median, there was a 76% reduction in the risk of disease progression or death in arm A as compared with the control (arm C) at high IGF-1 level (p = 0.16). When IGF-1 was fitted as a continuous variable, this reduction was 96% (p = 0.08). There was no correlation between tissue and serum IGF-1. Conclusions: Tissue expression of IGF-1 level may represent a promising predictive biomarker for IGF1R-directed therapy in APC.
Raptor genomes reveal evolutionary signatures of predatory and nocturnal lifestyles
Authors: Yun Sung Cho, Je Hoon Jun, Jung A Kim, Hak-Min Kim, Oksung Chung, Seung-Gu Kang, Jin-Young Park, Hwa-Jung Kim, Sunghyun Kim, Hee-Jong Kim, Jin-ho Jang, Ki-Jeong Na, Jeongho Kim, Seung Gu Park, Hwang-Yeol Lee, Andrea Manica, David P. Mindell, Jérôme Fuchs, Jeremy S. Edwards, Jessica A. Weber, Christopher C. Witt, Joo-Hong Yeo, Soonok Kim, Jong Bhak
Journal: Genome biology (2019)

Birds of prey (raptors) are dominant apex predators in terrestrial communities, with hawks (Accipitriformes) and falcons (Falconiformes) hunting by day and owls (Strigiformes) hunting by night.Here, we report new genomes and transcriptomes for 20 species of birds, including 16 species of birds of prey, and high-quality reference genomes for the Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo), oriental scops owl (Otus sunia), eastern buzzard (Buteo japonicus), and common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus). Our extensive genomic analysis and comparisons with non-raptor genomes identify common molecular signatures that underpin anatomical structure and sensory, muscle, circulatory, and respiratory systems related to a predatory lifestyle. Compared with diurnal birds, owls exhibit striking adaptations to the nocturnal environment, including functional trade-offs in the sensory systems, such as loss of color vision genes and selection for enhancement of nocturnal vision and other sensory systems that are convergent with other nocturnal avian orders. Additionally, we find that a suite of genes associated with vision and circadian rhythm are differentially expressed in blood tissue between nocturnal and diurnal raptors, possibly indicating adaptive expression change during the transition to nocturnality.Overall, raptor genomes show genomic signatures associated with the origin and maintenance of several specialized physiological and morphological features essential to be apex predators.
The relationship between insomnia and complex diseases—insights from genetic data
Authors: Enda M. Byrne
Journal: Genome Medicine (2019)

Insomnia is a common condition whose pathophysiology is poorly understood. Large genetic studies have provided insights into the etiology of insomnia, highlighting biological pathways that are shared with other complex disorders. Increased focus on treating sleep problems in the clinic and through public health interventions may reduce the overall burden of disease in human populations.
The Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society of London, Centenary 1805-1905.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Angiotensin Receptor–Neprilysin Inhibition (ARNI) Therapy and Reverse Remodeling in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Mark H. Drazner
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intestinal Permeability and IgA Provoke Immune Vasculitis Linked to Cardiovascular Inflammation
Authors: Magali Noval Rivas, Daiko Wakita, Michael K. Franklin, Thacyana T. Carvalho, Amanda Abolhesn, Angela C. Gomez, Michael C. Fishbein, Shuang Chen, Thomas J. Lehman, Kazuki Sato, Akira Shibuya, Alessio Fasano, Hiroshi Kiyono, Masanori Abe, Narihito Tatsumoto, Michifumi Yamashita, Timothy R. Crother, Kenichi Shimada, Moshe Arditi
Journal: Immunity (2019)
Perceptions on good death among parents of pediatric patients with hematology-oncology disease in advance.
Authors: Ji Yoon Kim, Bu Kyung Park
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

e21532 Background: It is difficult to perceive the preparation of a good death for children because of its social and cultural issues. Among the children with serious diseases, they can be alienated and the whole processes are done by the decision of the parent's proxy even when they have to prepare for death. The purpose of this study was to examine the perception of "Good Death" in advance among parents of pediatric patients with hematology-oncology diseases. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey to parents of pediatric patients in Kyungpook National University Children’s Hospital. Participants were recruited from the outpatient department of pediatric hematology and oncology. The Good Death Inventory (GDI), a tool developed for the perspectives of end-of-life care from bereaved family members, has a total of 54 items, including 30 in 10 core domains and 24 in 8 optional domains. Higher GDI scores mean better quality of death. A total of 109 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS 23.0. Results: Most patients were diagnosed with hematology (48%), followed by leukemia and lymphoma (31%), and solid oncology (21%). Patients had diagnosed with diseases 3.7 years ago. Among the characteristics of parents, parents who did religious activity had significantly higher optional GDI score (p = .048). Among the characteristics of patients, female patients had significantly higher optional GDI score (p = .041). Optional GDI score of middle school or higher patients was significantly higher than preschool patients (p = .010). Patients with good perceived health status patients had significantly higher scores in GDI core, optional, and total (p = .048, .044, .013). Patients who had discussed their end-of-life plan with parents or others had significantly higher GDI total scores (p = .045). Parents who agreed with having patients’ living will had significantly higher GDI optional and total scores (p = .012, .026). Patients who already had living will had significantly higher GDI total score (p = .036). Interestingly, parents who wanted to receive all possible treatments to prolong life for their children had higher GDI core score (p = .054). Conclusions: Discussing a living will as well as a willingness to treat would be important for care. To improve quality of life and decreasing the disease stress burden, individualized and multidisciplinary education should be performed regularly.
Abstract P131: Associations Between Joint Symptoms and Prospective Changes in Physical Activity in First-degree Relatives of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Patients
Authors: Jan M Hughes-Austin, Joachim H Ix, Samuel R Ward, Michael H Weisman, James R O’Dell, Ted R Mikuls, Jane H Buckner, Peter K Gregersen, Richard M Keating, M. Kristen Demoruelle, Kevin D Deane, V. Michael Holers, Jill M Norris
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: CVD is accelerated in RA, and risk of CVD death is 50% higher in RA patients. Physical activity (PA) mitigates increased CVD risk, but RA patients typically have less PA. It is not known whether PA declines prior to RA onset, or whether joint symptoms (sxs) contribute to PA decline. We sought to determine whether RA-related joint sxs were associated with PA over time in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of RA patients, a population at increased risk for future RA. Methods: In the Studies of the Etiology of RA (SERA), we evaluated associations between presence of joint sxs and hours of PA in 878 FDRs; of whom, 376 had ≥2 visits. A physician confirmed joint swelling; participants self-reported stiffness and pain in the wrist, elbow, or any MCP, PIP, or MTP joints. Hours sleeping, sitting, and performing slight, moderate, or heavy activity during a typical 24-hour day were obtained through questionnaire, weighted to reflect metabolic expenditure, and calculated as follows: PA = (1.0*h sleep + 1.1*h sedentary + 1.5*h slight + 2.4*h moderate + 5.0*h heavy ). Linear mixed models were used to evaluate associations between joint sxs and change in PA over time, adjusting for age, sex, race, BMI, smoking, and positivity for RA-related autoantibodies Results: Mean baseline age was 50±16 years. 74% were female, 78% were White, 7% had joint swelling, 15% had joint stiffness, and 24% had joint pain. Average PA was 37±7. At baseline, PA was higher in FDRs with joint stiffness (B=1.27±0.64, p=0.05) and joint pain (B=1.43±0.54, p=0.01), and lower in FDRs with joint swelling (B=-1.50±0.91, p=0.10). Adjusting for baseline PA, baseline joint swelling, stiffness, and pain were not significantly associated with changes in PA. However, change in joint swelling was associated with increased PA; and changes in joint stiffness and pain were associated with decreased PA. (Table) Conclusion: Joint sxs may not predict future PA, but PA may be lower at the time joint sxs occur. Clinicians should address joint sxs as part of their PA intervention in CVD prevention.