tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Infographic. Football-specific strategies to reduce COVID-19 transmission
Authors: Sean Carmody, Imtiaz Ahmad, Vincent Gouttebarge, Aneil Malhotra, Danny Glover, Andrew Massey
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2020)

Football stakeholders have been advised to exercise caution when determining when to reintroduce professional football due to the risks of COVID-19 overburdening health services and also concerns regarding potential negative health sequelae for players who contract the disease.1 There are considerable economic, social and wider incentives attached to resuming professional football. Should this occur prematurely it would present significant ethical and medical challenges to medical teams. Robust risk assessment and mitigation procedures would facilitate professional football to return in some format despite the ongoing pandemic,2 but they will not eliminate risk completely. This article considers the evolving science pertinent to professional footballers in the context of COVID-19, with the overarching purpose to ensure the health and safety of players, staff, their families and the general public. The primary focus of this article is on strategies to reduce the risk of human-to-human transmission during football activity, aspects of which will be relevant to other sports.

Specific risk factors including the contact nature of football and travel demands can increase transmission of COVID-19. Medical teams will be expected to implement interventions which mitigate this risk. The following coreprinciples (figures 1 …
Differential quantities of immune checkpoint-expressing CD8 T cells in soft tissue sarcoma subtypes
Authors: Yarne Klaver, Maud Rijnders, Astrid Oostvogels, Rebecca Wijers, Marcel Smid, Dirk Grünhagen, Cornelis Verhoef, Stefan Sleijfer, Cor Lamers, Reno Debets
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2020)

Introduction Local T-cell immunity is recognized for its contribution to the evolution and therapy response of various carcinomas. Here, we investigated characteristics of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), as well as T-cell evasive mechanisms in different soft tissue sarcoma (STS) subtypes. Methods Liposarcoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), leiomyosarcoma, myxofibrosarcoma and pleomorphic sarcomas were assessed for T-cell numbers and phenotypes using flow cytometry. Next-generation sequencing was used to analyze T-cell receptor repertoire, mutational load, immune cell frequencies, and expression of immune-related genes. Results GIST, myxofibrosarcoma and pleomorphic sarcoma showed high numbers of CD8+ TILs, with GIST having the lowest fraction of effector memory T cells. These TILs coexpress the immune checkpoints PD1, TIM3, and LAG3 in myxofibrosarcoma and pleomorphic sarcoma, yet TILs coexpressing these checkpoints were near negligible in GIST. Fractions of dominant T-cell clones among STS subtypes were lowest in GIST and liposarcoma, whereas mutational load was relatively low in all STS subtypes. Furthermore, myeloid-derived cells and expression of the costimulatory ligands CD86, ICOS-L and 41BB-L were lowest in GIST when compared with other STS subtypes. Conclusion STS subtypes differ with respect to number and phenotypical signs of antitumor responsiveness of CD8+ TILs. Notably, GIST, myxofibrosarcoma and pleomorphic sarcoma harbor high numbers of CD8+ T cells, yet in the GIST microenvironment, these T cells are less differentiated and non-exhausted, which is accompanied with a relatively low expression of costimulatory ligands.
Clinically‐suspected cast nephropathy: A retrospective, national, real‐world study
Authors: Agoston G. Szabo, Jonathan Thorsen, Katrine F. Iversen, Charlotte T. Hansen, Elena M. Teodorescu, Simon B. Pedersen, Simon B. Flæng, Casper Strandholdt, Mikael Frederiksen, Maja Ø. Vase, Ulf C. Frølund, Dorrit Krustrup, Torben Plesner, Annette J. Vangsted
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2020)

Abstract Presentation with severe acute kidney injury due to cast nephropathy (CN) is a medical emergency in multiple myeloma (MM), with high risk of dialysis‐dependent renal failure and death. Accrual of patients with CN into interventional studies is difficult, while phase III trials exclude patients with severe renal insufficiency. Real‐world data are warranted. We assessed 2252 patients from the population‐based Danish Multiple Myeloma Registry (DMMR) who were diagnosed between 2013 and 2017. We identified 204 patients with clinically‐suspected CN, defined as serum creatinine concentration &gt;177 μmol/L and serum free light chain (sFLC) concentration &gt;1000 mg/L at the time of diagnosis. The median age was 72 years. Thirty‐one percent of patients presented with dialysis‐dependent renal failure. Kidney biopsies were performed in 19% of patients and showed CN in 74% of cases. Despite prompt initiation of bortezomib‐based therapy in 94% of patients, 33% of patients died in the first year after diagnosis. Compared with the rest of the patients in the DMMR with symptomatic MM, patients with clinically‐suspected CN had worse overall survival (OS) irrespective of transplant eligibility. Achievement of renal recovery was associated with deep reductions of involved sFLC. Achievement of very good partial response or better in the first line of therapy and/or deep reduction of involved sFLC at 3 months after initiation of therapy were associated with superior OS. In conclusion, MM patients presenting with clinically‐suspected CN have an alarmingly high one‐year mortality when treated with current standards of care. Early and deep hematologic response is crucial for survival.
COVID-19 severity associates with pulmonary redistribution of CD1c+ DCs and inflammatory transitional and nonclassical monocytes
Authors: Ildefonso Sánchez-Cerrillo, Pedro Landete, Beatriz Aldave, Santiago Sánchez-Alonso, Ana Sánchez-Azofra, Ana Marcos-Jiménez, Elena Ávalos, Ana Alcaraz-Serna, Ignacio de los Santos, Tamara Mateu-Albero, Laura Esparcia, Celia López-Sanz, Pedro Martínez-Fleta, Ligia Gabrie, Luciana del Campo Guerola, Hortensia de la Fuente, María J. Calzada, Isidoro González-Álvaro, Arantzazu Alfranca, Francisco Sánchez-Madrid, Cecilia Muñoz-Calleja, Joan B. Soriano, Julio Ancochea, Enrique Martín-Gayo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the development of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in infected individuals, who can either exhibit mild symptoms or progress toward a life-threatening acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Exacerbated inflammation and dysregulated immune responses involving T and myeloid cells occur in COVID-19 patients with severe clinical progression. However, the differential contribution of specific subsets of dendritic cells and monocytes to ARDS is still poorly understood. In addition, the role of CD8+ T cells present in the lung of COVID-19 patients and relevant for viral control has not been characterized. Here, we have studied the frequencies and activation profiles of dendritic cells and monocytes present in the blood and lung of COVID-19 patients with different clinical severity in comparison with healthy individuals. Furthermore, these subpopulations and their association with antiviral effector CD8+ T cell subsets were also characterized in lung infiltrates from critical COVID-19 patients. Our results indicate that inflammatory transitional and nonclassical monocytes and CD1c+ conventional dendritic cells preferentially migrate from blood to lungs in patients with severe COVID-19. Thus, this study increases the knowledge of specific myeloid subsets involved in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease and could be useful for the design of therapeutic strategies for fighting SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Younger patients with Waldenström Macroglobulinemia exhibit low risk profile and excellent outcomes in the era of immunotherapy and targeted therapies
Authors: Marzia Varettoni, Angela Ferrari, Anna M. Frustaci, Virginia V. Ferretti, Rita Rizzi, Marina Motta, Francesco Piazza, Michele Merli, Giulia Benevolo, Carlo Visco, Luca Laurenti, Simone Ferrero, Massimo Gentile, Vittorio Del Fabro, Antonio Abbadessa, Catherine Klersy, Pellegrino Musto, Nicole Fabbri, Marina Deodato, Irene Dogliotti, Corinna Greco, Andrea Corbingi, Stefano Luminari, Luca Arcaini
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2020)

Abstract We analyzed 160 young Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM) patients with a median age of 49 years (range 23‐55 years), diagnosed between January 2000 and January 2019 in 14 Italian centers. At diagnosis, 70% of patients were asymptomatic. With a median follow‐up of 5.6 years, 57% have been treated. As initial therapy 79% of patients received chemo‐immunotherapy, 13% a chemo‐free induction and 8% chemotherapy only. At relapse or progression, 6% underwent an autologous stem cell transplantation. Overall, 19% of patients received ibrutinib during the course of the disease. According to IPSSWM, 63% were classified as low risk, 27% as intermediate risk and 10% as high risk. Five‐year OS was shorter in high‐risk as compared with low or intermediate risk patients (92.9% vs 100% P = .002). According to revised IPSSWM, 92% were classified as very low or low risk and 8% as intermediate risk, with a shorter 5‐year OS in the latter group (87.5% vs 100%, P = .028). The OS of young WM patients was not significantly reduced as compared with age‐matched, sex‐matched and calendar year‐matched general population. Early diagnosis, absence of high‐risk features in symptomatic patients and high efficacy of modern treatments are the main determinants of the excellent outcome of young WM patients.
Contact Settings and Risk for Transmission in 3410 Close Contacts of Patients With COVID-19 in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Lei Luo, Dan Liu, Xinlong Liao, Xianbo Wu, Qinlong Jing, Jiazhen Zheng, Fanghua Liu, Shigui Yang, Hua Bi, Zhihao Li, Jianping Liu, Weiqi Song, Wei Zhu, Zhenghe Wang, Xiru Zhang, Qingmei Huang, Peiliang Chen, Huamin Liu, Xin Cheng, Miaochun Cai, Pei Yang, Xingfen Yang, Zhigang Han, Jinling Tang, Yu Ma, Chen Mao
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Risk for transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to close contacts of infected persons has not been well estimated.
SP0047 Assessing the needs of the individual
Authors: N Price
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3></h3> The shift away from service driven to needs lead service delivery will be explored. The needs of the individual during the phases of disease progress will compare perceived versus actual. Contribution of the multidisciplinary team at all stages will be highlighted. The move to patient/individual self-efficacy and the effect on relationships with health professionals provide an arena for potential conflict. The health professionals perception of the individuals needs are often not compatible with the actual needs of the individual. The results of an in depth interview, with a patient, will explore their needs and whether they have been met. (An interview audited tool will be used). Financial constraints, shortage of health professionals, the political agenda, compliance of the individual and "patient power" will highlight the areas of unmet needs. The needs of carers and service providers are often neglected at the expense of the "individual". The conflict of the carer and individual will also be addressed. Does the individual know best? <h3>References</h3> Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS) Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) SF – 36 Health Survey The NHS and Community Care Act 1990
Night-to-night variability of respiratory events in obstructive sleep apnoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Maurice Roeder, Matteo Bradicich, Esther Irene Schwarz, Sira Thiel, Thomas Gaisl, Ulrike Held, Malcolm Kohler
Journal: Thorax (2020)

Background It is current practice to use a single diagnostic sleep study in the diagnostic workup of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). However, a relevant night-to-night variability (NtNV) of respiratory events has been reported. Methods We evaluated the NtNV of respiratory events in adults with suspected or already diagnosed OSA who underwent more than one diagnostic sleep study. Data sources were PubMed, Cochrane and Embase up to 23 January 2019. Random-effects models were used for evidence synthesis. For moderator analysis, mixed-effects regression analysis was performed. The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019135277). Results Of 2143 identified papers, 24 studies, comprising 3250 participants, were included. The mean Apnoea-Hypopnoea Index (AHI) difference between the first and second night was −1.70/hour (95% CI −3.61 to 0.02). REM time differences (first to second night) were significantly positive associated with differences in mean AHI (β coefficient 0.262 (95% CI 0.096 to 0.428). On average, 41% (95% CI 27% to 57%) of all participants showed changes of respiratory events &gt;10/hour from night to night. Furthermore, 49% (95% CI 32% to 65%) of participants changed OSA severity class (severity thresholds at 5/hour, 15/hour and 30/hour) at least once in sequential sleep studies. Depending on the diagnostic threshold (5/hour, 10/hour or 15/hour), on average 12% (95% CI 9% to 15%), 12% (95% CI 8% to 19%) and 10% (95% CI 8% to 13%) of patients would have been missed during the first night due to single night testing. Conclusion While there was no significant difference between mean AHI in two sequential study nights on a group level, there was a remarkable intraindividual NtNV of respiratory events, leading to misdiagnosis and misclassification of patients with suspected OSA.
Bilirubin, Intestinal Integrity, the Microbiome, and Inflammation
Authors: Libor Vítek, Claudio Tiribelli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Hans Fischer, who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1930 and whose work led to the synthesis of bilirubin, would be astounded by the properties of bilirubin that have since emerged and are evident in preclinical studies of inflammatory bowel disease and pancreatitis.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on hospitalisation of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): report from a tertiary hospital during the peak of the pandemic
Authors: Seow Lin Chuah, Cheng Lay Teh, Sharifah Aishah Wan Mohd Akbar, Yaw Kiet Cheong, Benjamin Sachdev Manjit Singh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

We read with great interest the article by Mathian et al 1 who first described COVID-19 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Subsequent reports2 3 focused on the clinical course of COVID-19 among patients with SLE. We were interested in the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on hospitalisation of patients with SLE.

The first case of COVID-19 was reported in Malaysia on 25 January 2020. Cases spiked in early March 2020 until Malaysia recorded the highest cumulative number of confirmed COVID-19 infections in South-East Asia. Malaysia instituted lockdown from 18 March 2020 until 9 June 2020 (a 12-week period) as a public health measure to curb the pandemic.4

Recent studies5 6 have reported increased mortality in out-of-hospital acute coronary syndromes, not fully explained by COVID-19 cases alone, and potentially related to the patients’ reluctance to seek medical care out of fear of the infection threat. Bromage et al 7 reported incident acute heart failure hospitalisation significantly declined in their centre during the COVID-19 pandemic, but hospitalised patients …
Immune Escape After Adoptive T-cell Therapy for Malignant Gliomas
Authors: Tyler J. Wildes, Kyle A. Dyson, Connor Francis, Brandon Wummer, Changlin Yang, Oleg Yegorov, David Shin, Adam Grippin, Bayli DiVita Dean, Rebecca Abraham, Christina Pham, Ginger Moore, Carmelle Kuizon, Duane A. Mitchell, Catherine T. Flores
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Immunotherapy has been demonstrably effective against multiple cancers, yet tumor escape is common. It remains unclear how brain tumors escape immunotherapy and how to overcome this immune escape.
Decreased Exercise Tolerance in a Young Woman
Authors: Nicholas A. Oh, John E. Mayer
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 15840: Associations Between Neighborhood Socio-Economic Status and Congenital Heart Disease and Exploring for Potential Environmental Injustice in Urban Alberta, Canada
Authors: Deliwe P Ngwezi, Lisa K Hornberger, Jesus Serrano-Lomelin, Deborah S Fruitman, Alvaro Osornio-Vargas
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: ongenital heart disease (CHD) is a significant public health issue affecting 1% of all live births and most common congenital abnormality of which the etiology for most affected childre...
Efficacy of Yoga vs Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs Stress Education for the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Naomi M. Simon, Stefan G. Hofmann, David Rosenfield, Susanne S. Hoeppner, Elizabeth A. Hoge, Eric Bui, Sat Bir S. Khalsa
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2020)

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is common, impairing, and undertreated. Although many patients with GAD seek complementary and alternative interventions, including yoga, data supporting yoga's efficacy or how it compares to first-line treatments are lacking.To assess whether yoga (Kundalini yoga) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for GAD are each more effective than a control condition (stress education) and whether yoga is noninferior to CBT for the treatment of GAD.For this randomized, 3-arm, controlled, single-blind (masked independent raters) clinical trial, participants were recruited from 2 specialty academic centers starting December 1, 2013, with assessment ending October 25, 2019. Primary analyses, completed by February 12, 2020, included superiority testing of Kundalini yoga and CBT vs stress education and noninferiority testing of Kundalini yoga vs CBT.Participants were randomized to Kundalini yoga (n = 93), CBT for GAD (n = 90), or stress education (n = 43), which were each delivered to groups of 4 to 6 participants by 2 instructors during twelve 120-minute sessions with 20 minutes of daily homework.The primary intention-to-treat outcome was acute GAD response (Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale score of much or very much improved) after 12 weeks as assessed by trained independent raters.Of 538 participants who provided consent and were evaluated, 226 (mean [SD] age, 33.4 [13.5] years; 158 [69.9%] female) with a primary diagnosis of GAD were included in the trial. A total of 155 participants (68.6%) completed the posttreatment assessment. Completion rates did not differ (Kundalini yoga, 60 [64.5%]; CBT, 67 [74.4%]; and stress education, 28 [65.1%]: χ2 = 2.39, df = 2, P = .30). Response rates were higher in the Kundalini yoga group (54.2%) than in the stress education group (33.%) (odds ratio [OR], 2.46 [95% CI, 1.12-5.42]; P = .03; number needed to treat, 4.59 [95% CI, 2.52-46.19]) and in the CBT group (70.8%) compared with the stress education group (33.0%) (OR, 5.00 [95% CI, 2.12-11.82]; P < .001; number needed to treat, 2.62 [95% CI, 1.91-5.68]). However, the noninferiority test did not find Kundalini yoga to be as effective as CBT (difference, 16.6%; P = .42 for noninferiority).In this trial, Kundalini yoga was efficacious for GAD, but the results support CBT remaining first-line treatment.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01912287.
Sleeping Beauty–engineered CAR T cells achieve antileukemic activity without severe toxicities
Authors: Chiara F. Magnani, Giuseppe Gaipa, Federico Lussana, Daniela Belotti, Giuseppe Gritti, Sara Napolitano, Giada Matera, Benedetta Cabiati, Chiara Buracchi, Gianmaria Borleri, Grazia Fazio, Silvia Zaninelli, Sarah Tettamanti, Stefania Cesana, Valentina Colombo, Michele Quaroni, Giovanni Cazzaniga, Attilio Rovelli, Ettore Biagi, Stefania Galimberti, Andrea Calabria, Fabrizio Benedicenti, Eugenio Montini, Silvia Ferrari, Martino Introna, Adriana Balduzzi, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Giuseppe Dastoli, Alessandro Rambaldi, Andrea Biondi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

BACKGROUND. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy has resulted in complete remission (CR) and durable response in highly refractory patients. However, logistical complexity and high costs of manufacturing autologous viral products limit CAR T cell availability.
Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Jonathan D. Paul, Adam S. Cifu
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal