tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stage I testicular seminoma: Results of adjuvant irradiation, detection of patients with relapsed disease and results of relapse therapy.
Authors: Marija Gamulin, Mislav Grgic
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e15509 Background: Despite the successfulness of testicular seminoma therapy experience in treatment of cases with disease relapse are of great interest. In the current study the results of treatment and patterns of relapse in seminoma stage I patients (pts) treated by adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) was evaluated. Methods: Study follows up 141 pts with stage I seminoma treated by adjuvant RT of paraaortic lymph nodes with a dose of 24 Gy in 16 fractions (fr) during the period of 8 years. Median ages at diagnosis were 35 years (19-72 y). The median follow-up period for pts treated with adjuvant RT was 6.5 years (range 3-10 y). Results: Of the total of 141 pts treated by RT, 6 pts (4%) experienced a relapse (5 in the pelvic lymph nodes, 1 in the mediastinal lymph nodes). Relapse occurred in the period of 3-21 months after RT. Three pts were treated with 4 cycles (cy) of BEP, one with a PE 4 cy, and one with relapse in the pelvis with 2 cy of BEP chemotherapy, later pelvic area was irradiated with a dose of 40Gy in 20 fr because he developed acute cerebral infarction. One patient with relapse in the pelvic lymph nodes measuring 4 cm refused chemotherapy and was treated to the pelvic area with a dose of 40Gy in 20 fr. Of the 6 pts who had a relapse, four had stage I B tumors, tumor sizes 4.5-8 cm, vascular and/or lymphatic invasion, 2 had positive rete testis (all had negative tumor markers). The 2 remaining pts had seminoma stage I A, one patient had tumor size of 6.5 cm (HCG 356 IU/L before orchiectomy), and the other patient had tumor size of 2 cm (LDH 669 U/L). Conclusions: All of 141 followed up pts are currently disease free. Disease relapse occurred in 4% of pts. The riskiest relapse time in our study is period 6-25 months after orchiectomy in pts who had (a) stage I B tumors and tumor size greater than 4 cm with vascular and/or lymphatic invasion (b) stage I A with elevated tumor markers LDH and bHCG before orchiectomy no matter on size of testicular tumors.
Yeats4 drives ILC lineage commitment via activation of <i>Lmo4</i> transcription
Authors: Benyu Liu, Liuliu Yang, Xiaoxiao Zhu, Huimu Li, Pingping Zhu, Jiayi Wu, Tiankun Lu, Luyun He, Nian Liu, Shu Meng, Liang Zhou, Buqing Ye, Yong Tian, Zusen Fan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2019)

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play critical roles in defending infections and maintaining mucosal homeostasis. All ILCs arise from common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) in bone marrow. However, how CLPs stratify and differentiate into ILC lineages remains elusive. Here, we showed that Yeats4 is highly expressed in ILCs and their progenitors. Yeats4 conditional KO in the hematopoietic system causes decreased numbers of ILCs and impairs their effector functions. Moreover, Yeats4 regulates α4β7+ CLP differentiation toward common helper ILC progenitors (CHILPs). Mechanistically, Yeats4 recruits the Dot1l–RNA Pol II complex onto Lmo4 promoter through recognizing H3K27ac modification to initiate Lmo4 transcription in α4β7+ CLPs. Additionally, Lmo4 deficiency also impairs ILC lineage differentiation and their effector functions. Collectively, the Yeats4–Lmo4 axis is required for ILC lineage commitment.
Increasing incubation periods during a prolonged monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium outbreak with environmental contamination of a commercial kitchen at Oslo Airport, Norway, 2017
Authors: Lotta Siira, Emily MacDonald, Gry Marianne Holmbakken, Tom Sundar, Lars Meyer-Myklestad, Heidi Lange, Lin T Brandal, Umaer Naseer, Gro S Johannessen, Bjarne Bergsjø, Laura Espenhain, Line Vold, Karin Nygård
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2019)

In September 2017, a cluster of monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium isolates was identified at the National Reference Laboratory for Enteropathogenic Bacteria in Norway. We investigated the cluster to identify the source and implement control measures. We defined a case as a person with laboratory-confirmed salmonellosis with the outbreak strain multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis type. We conducted descriptive epidemiological and environmental investigations and performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) with core and accessory genome multilocus sequence typing of all isolates from cases or the environment connected with this outbreak. We identified 21 cases, residing in 10 geographically dispersed counties, all of whom had consumed food or drinks from a café at Oslo Airport. Case distribution by date of symptom onset suggested that a point source was introduced in mid-August followed by continued environmental contamination. The incubation periods ranged 0–16 days and increased as the outbreak progressed, likely due to increasingly low-dose exposure as control measures were implemented. WGS confirmed an identical cluster type-944 in all cases and six environmental specimens from the café. Control measures, including temporary closure and kitchen refurbishment, failed to eliminate the environmental source. We recommend strengthened hygiene measures for established environmental contamination during an outbreak.
Antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotides that downregulate the cellular expression of human ENT1 nucleoside transporter
Authors: John K. Buolamwini, James S. Elledge, Alicia D. Andrews, J’Lynn Howell
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

5451  Nucleoside transporters are transmembrane proteins required for the cellular fluxes of physiological nucleosides important for salvage nucleotide biosynthesis and signal transduction. Nucleoside transporters have also been found to play a crucial role in nucleoside and to a less extend nucleobase chemotherapeutic drug uptake, thus affecting their efficacy. Nucleoside transporters also modulate the signal transduction actions of the physiological nucleoside adenosine in cardio- and neurovascular physiology. In these contexts, nucleoside transport inhibitors have demonstrated potential for clinical applications in cancer and anti-infective antimetabolite chemotherapy, as well as cardioprotection and neuroprotection in ischemic heart disease and stroke, respectively. In our program to develop inhibitors and probes for nucleoside transporters, we have designed and tested several antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (ODNs) for their ability to downregulate the cellular expression of the human es (ENT1) nucleoside transporter. We will present results on a series of ODNs that were transfected into various human cell lines by liposomal delivery and their inhibitory effects on ENT1 transporter expression analyzed by flow cytometry and a new fluorescence microtitre plate assay. One of these ODNs, designated ES-1, significantly downregulated ENT1 transporter expression in human CEM and K562 leukemia cells, as well as human BeWo choriocarcinoma cells relative to nonspecific control ODN, and exhibited dose-dependency. Supported by NIH grant No. CA80730 from the National Cancer Institute.
Revamping the evolutionary theories of aging
Authors: Adiv A. Johnson, Maxim N. Shokhirev, Boris Shoshitaishvili
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2019)

Radical lifespan disparities exist in the animal kingdom. While the ocean quahog can survive for half a millennium, the mayfly survives for less than 48 h. The evolutionary theories of aging seek to explain why such stark longevity differences exist and why a deleterious process like aging evolved. The classical mutation accumulation, antagonistic pleiotropy, and disposable soma theories predict that increased extrinsic mortality should select for the evolution of shorter lifespans and vice versa. Most experimental and comparative field studies conform to this prediction. Indeed, animals with extreme longevity (e.g., Greenland shark, bowhead whale, giant tortoise, vestimentiferan tubeworms) typically experience minimal predation. However, data from guppies, nematodes, and computational models show that increased extrinsic mortality can sometimes lead to longer evolved lifespans. The existence of theoretically immortal animals that experience extrinsic mortality – like planarian flatworms, panther worms, and hydra – further challenges classical assumptions. Octopuses pose another puzzle by exhibiting short lifespans and an uncanny intelligence, the latter of which is often associated with longevity and reduced extrinsic mortality. The evolutionary response to extrinsic mortality is likely dependent on multiple interacting factors in the organism, population, and ecology, including food availability, population density, reproductive cost, age-mortality interactions, and the mortality source.
Hereditary Cancer Evaluation in 2019—a Rapidly Evolving Landscape
Authors: Rachel L. Yung, Larissa A. Korde
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
THE UNSOLVED PROBLEMS OF TUBERCULOSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The echoes of the recent British Congress on Tuberculosis are likely to be heard for some time and the one pre-eminent question raised by Koch's address is not likely to be downed until some authoritative dictum based on conclusive research has been given out. It may be that as a profession we have not taken exactly a scientific position heretofore on this matter; we have accepted inconclusive evidence as final, and have been guided in our opinions more by the sense of expediency than by the careful weighing of facts. If this is true Professor Koch has done the profession a service by raising the issue definitely and clearly. The fact that the majority of authorities are against him is perhaps a fortunate one as it will insure a more thorough study on their part to find data to support the theory so rudely shaken by his authority. The investigation,
In Utero Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation of Lineage- c-Kit- Sca-1- Cells Is Responsible for Tolerance Induction
Authors: Nicholas Ahn, John Dimos Stratigis, Barbara Coons, Camila G Fachin, Andre Dias, Haiying Li, Aimee Geeyoung Kim, William H Peranteau, Stavros Loukogeorgakis, Alan W. Flake
Journal: Blood (2017)
Strategy to prevent cardiac toxicity induced by polyacrylic acid decorated iron MRI contrast agent and investigation of its mechanism
Authors: Hao Fu, Chongchong Miao, Yuanpeng Rui, Fenglin Hu, Ming Shen, Hong Xu, Chunfu Zhang, Yi Dong, Wenping Wang, Hongchen Gu, Yourong Duan
Journal: Biomaterials (2019)
AODTU-008 Can transient elastrography predict development of portal hypertension and or hepatic decompensation in individuals with cirrhosis?
Authors: A Hashim, Y Haddadin, L Macken, S Bremner, M Keller, A File, Y Gilleece, J Tibble, S Verma
Journal: Gut (2017)

Introduction  Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) using Transient Elastography (TE) is a powerful non-invasive tool for staging hepatic fibrosis. Our aim was to establish the ability of LSM in predict ing liver-related complications and mortality.  Method  We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent outpatient TE between April 2013 & April 2014 (with follow up until April 2016) at a teaching hospital in SE England. Cox regression analysis was applied to determine the relationship between LSM and liver-related events or mortality. Liver-related events were defined as one or more of the following: development of portal hypertension, hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular cancer and or need for transplantation.  Results  A total of 403 patients fulfilled study criteria of whom 155 (38.5%) had LSM > 8 kPa indicating clinically significant hepatic fibrosis. Overall 94 (23%) had cirrhosis (LSM > 13 kPa). The mean age of the cohort was 50±13.4 years and 271 (67%) being males. Indication for performing TE was viral hepatitis (n=225, 56%) followed by alcohol (47, 12%) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (n=41, 10%). Of those with cirrhosis (n=94), the mean age of this subgroup was 56±10 years and 68 (72%) were males and median LSM was 22.1 kPa (13.1–75 kPa). Of those who had bloods results available at baseline (88/94), the majority had Child-Pugh score (CPS) A (n=73, 83%) while all of the remaining were in CPS B (n=15, 17%). The mean MELD score was 9.8±4.6. Almost half of the patients (n=44/94, 47%) with cirrhosis developed one or more liver-related complications. The majority (n=40/94) had the complications at baseline (i.e within 6 months following index LSM.). The median LSM score at baseline for those with liver-related complications was significantly higher than that of the patients without these events (35.3 vs 20.9 kPa, p=0.003). Moreover, of the 55 patients who underwent gastroscopy, those with oesophageal varices at baseline (20, 36.3%) had significantly higher median LSM than those without varices (48 vs 21.5 kPa, p=0.0003). Age, gender, aetiology of liver disease and presence of comorbidities did not independently influence the development of varices or liver-related events. Twelve patients (13%) with cirrhosis (n=94) died within a median time to death of 8 months (1–24 months). The median stiffness score of those who died was not different from that of the surviving group (24.3 vs 21.7 kPa).  Conclusion  This retrospective cohort study suggests that TE could potentially be a useful non-invasive tool in predicting portal hypertension and or development of hepatic decompensation in individuals with cirrhosis.  Disclosure of Interest  None Declared
The Microbiota and Malnutrition: Impact of Nutritional Status During Early Life
Authors: Carlos Gómez-Gallego, Izaskun García-Mantrana, Cecilia Martínez-Costa, Seppo Salminen, Erika Isolauri, M. Carmen Collado
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (2019)

According to the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis, our health is determined by events experienced in utero and during early infancy. Indeed, both our prenatal and postnatal nutrition conditions have an impact on the initial architecture and activity of our microbiota. Recent evidence has underlined the importance of the composition of the early gut microbiota in relation to malnutrition, whether it be undernutrition or overnutrition, that is, in terms of both stunted and overweight development. It remains unclear how early microbial contact is linked to the risk of disease, as well as whether alterations in the microbiome underlie the pathogenesis of malnutrition or are merely the end result of it, which indicates that thequestion of causality must urgently be answered. This review provides information on the complex interaction between the microbiota and nutrition during the first 1,000 days of life, taking into account the impact of both undernutrition and overnutrition on the microbiota and on infants’ health outcomes in the short- and long-term.
Efficacy and safety of mitoxantrone-based chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment in elderly patients (EP) with node positive and high risk node negative breast cancer (BC)
Authors: P. Fedele, P. Rizzo, A. Cusmai, M. D’Amico, M. C. Chetrì
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

10738 Background: Breast cancer is a very frequent malignancy among EP. Adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival for patients with early breast cancer, but older woman at high risk of recurrence are frequently not offered adjuvant chemotherapy and few data are available on efficacy, compliance and safety of adjuvant chemotherapy when indicated in EP. Objective: the aim of our study was to determine the efficacy, compliance and safety of adjuvant mitoxantone-based chemotherapy (FNC) in high risk BC patients older than 70. Methods and Results: From July 1994 to July 2005 we treated 30 patients &gt;70 years, who had diagnosed with early BC in our institution. The treatment (mitoxantrone 10 mg/m 2 , 5-Fluorouracil 600 mg/m 2 , Cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m 2 , i.v. on day 1 every 3 weeks for 6 cycles) was indicated if patients had no severe comorbidity and a high risk of recurrence. All the patients had undergone mastectomy (56%) or quadrantectomy plus axillary lymphadenectomy (44%). Patients undergoing conservative surgery were scheduled for radiotherapy that was planned immediately after the end of chemotherapy. Study population age ranged from 70–78 years, mean age of 74 years.PS (ECOG) was 0 in 74% of patients, 1 in 26%. Comorbid conditions were detected in 38% of patients (64% hypertension, 8% arythmia, 10% depression syndrome, 14% arthrosis) Main histologic types were invasive ductal carcinoma (87%) and lobular carcinoma (13%). Stage was IIA in 20%, IIB in 37%, IIIA in 43%. Grading was 2 in 51%, G3 in 49%.Sixty-seven percent of tumors were ER+ PGR+, 20% were ER- PGR-, 8% ER-PGR+, 5% ER+ PGR-. Seventy-five percent of patients received adjuvant endocrine therapy, after the end of chemotherapy. Toxicity was very manageable with grade 3–4 haematological toxicity in 1 patient, nausea and vomiting appeared as grade 0 and 1 severity in 10%, alopecia was extremely mild and appeared as grade 0 and 1 in 12%. Only 1 patient disrupted treatment because of toxicity. The overall and relapse free survival rates were 70% and 73% at the 60-month follow up, respectively. Conclusion: FNC is an effective and well-tolerated combination regimen suitable as adjuvant chemotherapy for high risk breast cancer EP. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Rapidly Progressive Vision Loss in a Patient With Breast Cancer
Authors: Michael C. Izzo, Guri Bronner, Carol L. Shields
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diamond-Blackfan Anemia Phenotype Caused By Deficiency of Adenosine Deaminase 2
Authors: Enikoe Amina Szvetnik, Christian Klemann, Ina Hainmann, Marie-Francoise O'-Donohue, Tamás Farkas, Marena Niewisch, Regine Grosse, Gabriele Escherich, Sule Unal, Naz Guleray, Muge Gokce, Lydie Da Costa, Thierry LeBlanc, Hélène Dollfus, Eusebia Lara-Villacanas, Thomas Wiesel, Victor Pastor Loyola, Sushree Sangita Sahoo, Doris Steinemann, Myriam Lorenz, Klaus Schwarz, Stephan Ehl, Michael Hershfield, Pierre-Emmanuel Gleizes, Charlotte M. Niemeyer, Alyson W. MacInnes, Marcin W. Wlodarski
Journal: Blood (2017)
The MYC Oncogene Cooperates with Sterol-Regulated Element-Binding Protein to Regulate Lipogenesis Essential for Neoplastic Growth
Authors: Arvin M. Gouw, Katherine Margulis, Natalie S. Liu, Sudha J. Raman, Anthony Mancuso, Georgia G. Toal, Ling Tong, Adriane Mosley, Annie L. Hsieh, Delaney K. Sullivan, Zachary E. Stine, Brian J. Altman, Almut Schulze, Chi V. Dang, Richard N. Zare, Dean W. Felsher
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2019)
Reduced ADAMTS13 activity during TTP remission is associated with stroke in TTP survivors
Authors: Harshvardhan Upreti, Jamil Kasmani, Kathryn Dane, Evan M. Braunstein, Michael B. Streiff, Satish Shanbhag, Alison R. Moliterno, C. John Sperati, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Robert A. Brodsky, Thomas S. Kickler, Shruti Chaturvedi
Journal: Blood (2019)
External validation of a nomogram predicting survival in men with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer
Authors: G. Gravis, J. Walz, S. Bagattini, B. Esterni, C. Mimoun, N. Salem, M. Marcy, S. Brunelle, P. Viens, F. Bladou
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e16066 Background: Armstrong et al. (Clin Cancer Res. 2007;13:6396–403) recently published a nomogram predicting the probability of survival in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer. The initial report showed a predictive accuracy of 0.69. So far, this nomogram was not yet externally validated. We validated this nomogram in a cohort of patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer participating in five phase II trials. Methods: In our institution, 84 patients received chemotherapy for metastatic symptomatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer from September 1999 to November 2006. Follow-up was stopped in March 2008 and median follow up for all patients was 15.7 month. 75% of patients received docetaxel based chemotherapy. At the time of inclusion, median age was 69.0 years, median PSA was 40ng/ml, 93% had known bone metastases and 19% had visceral metastases. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was used to estimate the predictive accuracy of the nomogram and calibration plots were used for comparison between predicted and observed probabilities. Results: Of all patients, median survival was 15.5 month. The nomogram predicted median survival was 19.9 month, overestimating the true survival by roughly 30%. The predictive accuracy of the predictions at 1 year, 2 years and 5 years was 0.76, 0.69 and 0.64, respectively. The calibration plots showed departures from ideal predictions at 1 year (up to 20% of over estimation of true survival) and 5 years ( up to 19% of under estimation of true survival), whereas the predictions at 2 years showed almost perfect calibrations. Conclusions: The Armstrong et al 1 nomogram provides accurate survival predictions in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer. The current external validation of this nomogram provides evidence that the nomogram might generally be applied to those patients in daily practice. No significant financial relationships to disclose.