tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Erratum: Artesunate versus quinine in the treatment of severe falciparum malaria in African children (AQUAMAT): an open-label, randomised trial (The Lancet (2010) 376(9753) (1647–1657) (S0140673610619241) (10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61924-1))
Authors: A M Dondorp, C I Fanello, I C Hendriksen, E Gomes, A Seni, K D Chhaganlal, K Bojang, R Olaosebikan, N Anunobi, K Maitland, E Kivaya, T Agbenyega, S B Nguah, J Evans, S Gesase, C Kahabuka, G Mtove, B Nadjm, J Deen, J Mwanga-Amumpaire, M Nansumba, C Karema, N Umulisa, A Uwimana, O A Mokuolu, O T Adedoyin, W B Johnson, A K Tshefu, M A Onyamboko, T Sakulthaew, W P Ngum, K Silamut, K Stepniewska, C J Woodrow, D Bethell, B Wills, M Oneko, T E Peto, L Von Seidlein, N P Day, N J White
Journal: The Lancet (2011)
Toward a Multidimensional Perspective on Wisdom and Health—An Analogy With Depression Intervention and Neurobiological Research
Authors: Charles F. Reynolds, Dan G. Blazer
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Abstract 188: Investigation of the Mechanism of Action of Hydrogen Gas in Hemorrhagic Shock
Authors: Tomoyoshi Tamura, Motoaki Sano, Tadashi Matsuoka, Kei Hayashida, Koichiro Homma, Mayumi Kajimura, Masaru Suzuki, Keiichi Fukuda, Junichi Sasaki
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Molecular hydrogen gas (H 2 ) is known to alleviate ischemia-reperfusion injury; however, the mechanism of action involved remains unknown. Metabolome analysis of tissue subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury has revealed xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) as a candidate target molecule for H 2. Purpose: The effects of H 2 and the XOR inhibitor (XORi) on resuscitation after hemorrhagic shock (HS) were examined. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to HS by the withdrawal of blood to maintain a mean arterial pressure (MBP) of 35 mmHg for 60 minutes (T0 to T60). They were then resuscitated with lactated Ringer’s solution with 3 times the shed blood volume over 30 minutes (T60 to T90). The animals were randomly assigned into 3 groups: H 2 inhalation (1.3% H 2 ) from T30 (n=6), XORi administration (Topiroxostat 10 mg/kg, orally administered at 60 minutes before induction of HS) (n=5), and control (CTL) (n=5). The rats were observed until 2 hours after fluid resuscitation (T210). Results: Compared to that in the control group, the lactate level at 60 minutes after introduction of HS was lower in the XORi group, while the MBP after 2 hours of fluid resuscitation was higher in the H 2 group. XOR activity in the plasma, liver, kidney, and lung tissue was suppressed in the XORi group, but not in the H 2 group. Increased permeability of the pulmonary vasculature associated with increased levels of plasma inflammatory cytokines and plasma Syndecan-1 (a marker of endothelial glycocalyx degradation) after 2 hours of fluid resuscitation was ameliorated only in the H 2 group. Conclusion: The mechanisms of action possibly differ between H 2 and XORi. XORi confers resistance to ischemia by suppressing anaerobic glycolysis during ischemia. On the other hand, H 2 stabilizes hemodynamics via suppression of inflammation and vascular hyperpermeability after resuscitation.
647. Expression of Neurotrophin-3 Promotes Axonal Plasticity in the Acute but Not Chronic Injured Spinal Cord
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

There is little spontaneous recovery in the adult spinal cord after injury because of its limited ability to regenerate and sprout axons. We reported recently that over-expression of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) by motoneurons in the spinal cord of rats promoted sprouting of axons after acute spinal cord injury. However, NT-3 did not induce sprouting when the spinal cord was not injured. This suggests that one or more factors produced by the injury may act with NT-3 to elicit axonal plasticity. One possible source of the factors associated with acute injury is the process of Wallerian degeneration (WD). WD is a complex cascade of events caused by an axotomy that include the breakdown of the cut axons, opening of the blood-brain barrier, phagocytosis and clearance of myelin debris by microglial, and death of oligodendrocytes. To determine whether WD plays a role in axonal sprouting after injury, we treated the rats with a replication-defective adenoviral vector carrying the NT-3 gene (Adv.NT-3) 2 weeks or 4 months after a producing discrete injury in a tract that innervates the spinal cord. The corticospinal tract (CST) was cut unilaterally at the level of the medulla and the Adv.NT-3 was delivered to the spinal motoneurons by retrograde transport through the sciatic nerve. Adv.LacZ was used as a control vector. Four days later after delivery of vectors, biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) was injected into the area of the sensorimotor cortex that innervated the unlesioned CST to label its axons in the spinal cord. Morphometric analysis of axonal sprouting 3 weeks after BDA injection was performed to measure the number of CST axons that arise from the intact CST, traverse the midline, and grow into the gray matter of the lesioned side of the spinal cord where the NT-3 was over-expressed. In the animals that were treated 2 weeks after injury, the number of axons that grew across the midline was significantly greater in the rats treated with Adv.NT-3 than in the rats treated with Adv.LacZ. These axons persisted for up to 6 months after Adv.NT-3 delivery. In contrast, when Adv.NT-3 was delivered 4 months after lesion, there was not a significant difference in the number of CST axons that crossed the midline compared to controls. Since the processes of WD have resolved within 4 months after injury, these data demonstrate that WD is a likely source of the signals that support axonal plasticity. Identification of these co-inducing factors that are produced by WD may provide a basis for an effective gene therapy for chronic spinal cord injury.
ISOLATED TERMINAL ILEITIS AT COLONOSCOPY – DOES ULCERATION PREDICT CROHN’S DISEASE?
Authors: R Patel, KM Ang, S Modelina, R Canda, S Musa, A Alisa, K Tang
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Faecal calprotectin (FC) is a biomarker that is elevated in active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Ileo-colonoscopy is usually performed to confirm a diagnosis of IBD, but isolated non-specific terminal ileitis is often inconclusive despite biopsy. We explored the the presence of macroscopic terminal ileum (TI) ulceration in predicting Crohn’s disease, over and above endoscopic terminal ileitis alone.
COMPARISON BETWEEN EUS AND CROSS-SECTIONAL IMAGING FOR THE ESTIMATION OF PANCREATIC CYSTS SIZE: A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: D Tzilves, E Paraskevaidou, E Xinou, S Bouzoukas, N Kafalis, K Soufleris, G Lazaraki
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims The widespread use and advances in diagnostic imaging results to an increase in the incidental finding of pancreatic cysts. According to the published guidelines, the size of the cyst is a risk factor for the surveillance and management. The aim of the study was to compare the size of a pancreatic cyst measured by a cross-sectional imaging (CT/MRI) and the endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS).
PERCUTANEOUS ENDOSCOPIC NECROSECTOMY USING A FULL COVERED SEMS IN A PATIENT WITH WALLED-OFF NECROSIS
Authors: KH Kim, SB Kim, MC Kim, JH Cho, KO Kim, SH Lee, BI Jang, TN Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Stent-assisted percutaneous endoscopic necrosectomy is recognized as a main treatment for the WON.
Cognitive plausibility in voice-based AI health counselors
Authors: Thomas Kannampallil, Joshua M. Smyth, Steve Jones, Philip R. O. Payne, Jun Ma
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2020)

Voice-based personal assistants using artificial intelligence (AI) have been widely adopted and used in home-based settings. Their success has created considerable interest for its use in healthcare applications; one area of prolific growth in AI is that of voice-based virtual counselors for mental health and well-being. However, in spite of its promise, building realistic virtual counselors to achieve higher-order maturity levels beyond task-based interactions presents considerable conceptual and pragmatic challenges. We describe one such conceptual challenge-cognitive plausibility, defined as the ability of virtual counselors to emulate the human cognitive system by simulating how a skill or function is accomplished. An important cognitive plausibility consideration for voice-based agents is its ability to engage in meaningful and seamless interactive communication. Drawing on a broad interdisciplinary research literature and based on our experiences with developing two voice-based (voice-only) prototypes that are in the early phases of testing, we articulate two conceptual considerations for their design and use-conceptualizing voice-based virtual counselors as communicative agents and establishing virtual co-presence. We discuss why these conceptual considerations are important and how it can lead to the development of voice-based counselors for real-world use.
Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Improved Survival for Patients With COPD
Authors: Carolyn L. Rochester, Anne E. Holland
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Progressive Vaccinia with Normal Antibodies
Authors: Cornelius J. O'connell, David T. Karzon, Almen L. Barron, Martin E. Plaut, Vilayat M. Ali
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Excerpt Of the several complications attending vaccination against smallpox, the rarest and most grave is the development of progressive vaccinia. In this disorder the primary vaccination site fail...
T Cell Functionality in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Treated With the Anti-miR-122 RG-101
Authors: F Stelma, M H van der Ree, A C Brown, M J Sinnige, Vree, S Willemse, P Grint, S Neben, P Klenerman, E Barnes, N A Kootstra, H W Reesink
Journal: Hepatology (2016)
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF INTRACYSTIC GLUCOSE AS COMPARED WITH CEA FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF MUCINOUS PANCREATIC CYSTIC LESIONS: A META ANALYSIS
Authors: G Capurso, G Rossi, MC Petrone, PG Arcidiacono
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Differential diagnosis between mucinous(M) and non-mucinous(NM) pancreatic cystic lesions(PCLs) is often difficult and both false positive and negative results can lead to clinically relevant overtreatmentand undertreatment. Dosage of intracystic Carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) with a cut-off>192 ng/ml suggests M-PCL diagnosis, but its sensitivity is limited. Recently, it has been reported that low levels of intracystic glucose diagnose M-PCLs with high accuracy, but data are limited and heterogeneous.
Survey of ex vivo drug combination effects in chronic lymphocytic leukemia reveals synergistic drug effects and genetic dependencies
Authors: Marina Lukas, Britta Velten, Leopold Sellner, Katarzyna Tomska, Jennifer Hüellein, Tatjana Walther, Lena Wagner, Carolin Muley, Bian Wu, Małgorzata Oleś, Sascha Dietrich, Alexander Jethwa, Hanibal Bohnenberger, Junyan Lu, Wolfgang Huber, Thorsten Zenz
Journal: Leukemia (2020)

Drug combinations that target critical pathways are a mainstay of cancer care. To improve current approaches to combination treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and gain insights into the underlying biology, we studied the effect of 352 drug combination pairs in multiple concentrations by analysing ex vivo drug response of 52 primary CLL samples, which were characterized by "omics" profiling. Known synergistic interactions were confirmed for B-cell receptor (BCR) inhibitors with Bcl-2 inhibitors and with chemotherapeutic drugs, suggesting that this approach can identify clinically useful combinations. Moreover, we uncovered synergistic interactions between BCR inhibitors and afatinib, which we attribute to BCR activation by afatinib through BLK upstream of BTK and PI3K. Combinations of multiple inhibitors of BCR components (e.g., BTK, PI3K, SYK) had effects similar to the single agents. While PI3K and BTK inhibitors produced overall similar effects in combinations with other drugs, we uncovered a larger response heterogeneity of combinations including PI3K inhibitors, predominantly in CLL with mutated IGHV, which we attribute to the target's position within the BCR-signaling pathway. Taken together, our study shows that drug combination effects can be effectively queried in primary cancer cells, which could aid discovery, triage and clinical development of drug combinations.
COMPARISON OF DIAGNOSTIC GAINS BY NEXT-GENERATION PROFILING, CONVENTIONAL CYTOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA FOLLOWING EUS-GUIDED BIOPSY
Authors: S Carrara, L Laghi, S Giulia, M Di Leo, L Lamonaca, C Peano, D Rahal, S Bozzarelli, A Anderloni, A Fugazza, F Auriemma, S Duga, A Repici
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biopsy is the method of choice for obtaining pancreatic tissue for pathological and molecular diagnosis. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been applied to EUS-guided biopsies and may select different molecular profiling. Our study aimed to compare side-by-side the diagnostic yield achievable by genetic identification of somatic mutations detected with NSG versus histological and cytological typing in advanced pancreatic carcinoma (LAPC), in samples acquired under EUS-guidance.
CONVENTIONAL ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL RESECTION VS. PRECUT-ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL RESECTION FOR LARGE (≥ 1 CM) COLORECTAL LESIONS WITH ENDOSCOPIC FEATURES OF SESSILE SERRATED ADENOMA/POLYP
Authors: CK Oh, BI Lee, SH Lee, SJ Kim, HH Lee, JM Park, YS Cho, IS Lee, MG Choi
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Interval colorectal cancers can result from an incompletely resected lesion. Sessile serrated adenomas/polyps (SSA/Ps) were more likely to be incompletely resected than conventional adenomas. Precut endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR-P) is a method for improving complete and en bloc resection rate of large gastrointestinal neoplasia.
Breast Cancer Screening for Elderly Women with and without Comorbid Conditions
Authors: Jeanne S. Mandelblatt, Mary E. Wheat, Mark Monane, Rebecca D. Moshief, James P. Hollenberg, Jian Tang
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Objective: To determine whether breast cancer screening extends life for women aged 65 years or more with and without comorbid medical conditions. Setting: A provider-patient encounter. Design: A decision analysis of the utility of screening for breast cancer. Measurements: Clinical examination and mammography among four groups of women aged 65 to 85 or more years: average health, mild hypertension, congestive heart failure, and average-health black women. The effects of screening were estimated using the best quality data available. Results: Screening saved life at all ages among patients studied. Savings were highest for black women and decreased with increasing age and comorbidity. Screening all average-health women aged 65 or more saved 67 912 years of life. For women who had cancer, screening extended life by 617 days for average-health women between 65 and 69 years of age and 178 days for those aged 85 years or more. Perioperative mortality and test characteristics had little effect on the results. The risks equaled the benefits of screening only when operative mortality was between 27% and 62%. The marginal costs of screening during a routine office visit were $138 and increased with advancing age and decreasing test specificity. Benefits persisted after adjustment for changes in long-term quality of life; however, for women aged 85 years and older (with and without comorbidities), the short-term morbidity of anxiety or discomfort associated with screening may have outweighed the benefits. Conclusion: No inherent reason exists to impose an upper-age limit for breast cancer screening; however, more data are needed on women's preferences for screening strategies.
Insights from ORION studies: focus on inclisiran safety
Authors: Alberico Luigi Catapano, Angela Pirillo, Giuseppe Danilo Norata
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2020)

This editorial refers to 'Effect of inclisiran, the siRNA against PCSK9, on platelets, immune cells and immunological biomarkers-a pre-specified analysis from ORION-1' by U. Landmesser et al., pp.284-291.exclude the possibility that inclisiran, through lower-affinity interactions, may influence other mRNAs.In summary, the in deep analysis of ORION-1 study indicates that inclisiran administration is safe, without major impact on haematological parameters, inflammatory response, and ADA formation, at least for the duration time of the trial.
A MULTICENTRE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL COMPARING THE RESECTION RATE AND COMPLICATIONS FOR COLD AND HOT SNARE POLYPECTOMY FOR 5-9 MM COLORECTAL POLYPS (POLIPEC HOT-COLD)
Authors: M BenitoSanz, LH Villalba, J García-Alonso, PD Redondo, HN Rodríguez, JMG Santiago, DJ Matías, RT Yuste, JS Fernández, MC Román, CT Sánchez, MI García, AG Arévalo, JF Pérez, M Pérez-Miranda
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims To compare the outcome of cold snare polypectomy (CSP) vs hot snare polypectomy (HSP) regarding incomplete resection rates and adverse events rates in 5-9mm colorectal polyps.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WHO UNDERWENT PERCUTANEOUS ENDOSCOPIC GASTROSTOMY TUBE PLACEMENT IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL
Authors: E Koukoulioti, D Lygkos, A Chadzidakis, K Miltiadou, LD Lazaridis, E Rizos, K Triantafyllou
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims We aimed to investigate clinical characteristics and survival rates of patients undergoing percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement in a tertiary hospital in Athens, Greece.
IMPACT OF LESION PHENOTYPE ON COLORECTAL CANCER MORTALITY AND OVERALL MORTALITY: INSIGHTS FROM A NATIONWIDE SCREENING COLONOSCOPY PROGRAM
Authors: E Waldmann, A Kammerlander, D Penz, A Hinterberger, B Majcher, M Trauner, M Ferlitsch
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims The long-term risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality and overall mortality after screening colonoscopy is poorly investigated. Most studies analyzed mixed cohorts of screening individuals, and symptomatic or individuals with positive fecal immunhistochemical testing.
Pentraxin 3 as a novel biomarker of inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Ozlem Kar Kurt, Mehmet Tosun, Emine Bahar Kurt, Fahrettin Talay
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex chronic inflammatory disease of lungs in which inflammatory markers are involved with extrapulmonary effects that may contribute to its severity and complications. Moreover, some of the inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with COPD. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is the member of long pentraxins that resembles CRP (short pentraxin) in structure. The aim of the present study was to investigate the level of PTX3 in COPD patients.

Methods: 54 COPD patients and 31 controls were enrolled in this study. Demographical data such as age, sex, cigarette smoking status, comorbidities, drugs, habits and modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) dyspnea scores were recorded. All patients were asked for COPD Assessment Test™ (CAT).

Results: The mean age was 65.7±9.8 years, 92% male. Plasma levels of PTX3 were found to be markedly higher in COPD patients [1.65 (0.32-12.72) ng/ml] than in controls [1.05 (0.43-3.26) ng/ml; p=0.005]. On the other hand, PTX3 values did not differ between different stages of COPD [stage 1, 1.75 (0.34-11.3); stage 2, (2.14 (0.32-12.7); stage 3, 1.7 (0.86-8.15); and stage 4 2.79 (0.52-6.07), p=0.89]. The plasma PTX3 levels were positively correlated with MMRC scores.

View this table:

Spearman correlation coefficients between age, smoking, spirometric parameters, MMRC, CAT scores and PTX3 levels





Conclusions: We conclude that PTX3 levels are elevated in COPD patients. Plasma levels of PTX3 were correlated with dyspnea (MMRC scores). PTX3 were not correlated with the severity of COPD.
Pelvic Leiomyosarcoma With Splenic Metastasis and Response Assessment by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Divya Yadav, Rakesh Kumar, Sameer Rastogi, Shamim Ahmed Shamim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

The pelvis is a rare site for the origin of soft tissue sarcomas, and leiomyosarcoma remains the most common soft tissue sarcoma arising in the pelvis. Pelvic leiomyosarcomas are frequently aggressive tumors, and metastatic recurrence rates are high, with the lung, peritoneum, bone, and liver being the most frequent sites. We describe the findings of serial F-FDG PET/CT in a 53-year-old woman having pelvic leiomyosarcoma with uncommon site of metastasis, emphasizing the role of F-FDG PET/CT in response assessment.
REAL-WORLD PATIENT EXPERIENCE WITH 1L NER1006 AS A BOWEL PREPARATION FOR COLONOSCOPY: A PROSPECTIVE, MULTI-CENTRE SURVEY COVERING 707 HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: S Mokashi, B Amlani, B Cash
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims A survey assessed real-world patient experience and treatment satisfaction in US adults who received 1L polyethylene glycol (PEG) NER1006 (PLENVU).
ENDOSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTROPLASTY OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH SUBTHRESHOLD BINGE EATING DISORDER AND DYSFUNCTIONAL EATING PATTERNS
Authors: V Pontecorvi, C Gallo, I Boskoski, V Bove, B Orlandini, R Landi, P Familiari, A Tringali, V Perri, G Costamagna
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Feeding and Eating Disorders, first and foremost the Binge Eating Disorder (BED), contribute to the onset of obesity as well as dysfunctional eating patterns characterized by binge, grazing or snacking.