tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Biotinidase Deficiency as a Mimic of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in Childhood
Authors: Jonathan D. Santoro, Kelli C. Paulsen
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2020)

This study details a case of biotinidase deficiency mimicking neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and reviews prior cases of biotinidase deficiency that met Wingerchuck 2015 criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.
Emergency Cooperation System for Acute Aortic Syndrome Comprising Related Specialists to Overcome It’s Worst Mortality, Suggestion from Tokyo Aortic Supernetwork
Authors: Kabara Maki, Kawabe Jun-ichi, Matsuki Motoki, Yamauchi Atsushi, Aonuma Tatsuya, Minoshima Akiho, Shimamura Kohei, Takehara Naofumi, Hasebe Naoyuki
Journal: Circulation (2014)
High rates of antimicrobial resistance among clinical isolates from microbiology laboratories in Syria
Authors: Zain Alabadeen Karamya, Alexey Youssef, Ali Adra, Nabil Karah, Souha S. Kanj, Wael Elamin, Rabiea Al Nahas, Ali Shaddood, Ali Saleh, Esraa Althiab, Aula Abbara
Journal: Journal of Infection (2020)
Surgical planning assistance in keyhole and percutaneous surgery: A systematic review
Authors: Davide Scorza, Sara El Hadji, Camilo Cortés, Álvaro Bertelsen, Francesco Cardinale, Giuseppe Baselli, Caroline Essert, Elena De Momi
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2020)

Surgical planning of percutaneous interventions has a crucial role to guarantee the success of minimally invasive surgeries. In the last decades, many methods have been proposed to reduce clinician work load related to the planning phase and to augment the information used in the definition of the optimal trajectory. In this survey, we include 113 articles related to computer assisted planning (CAP) methods and validations obtained from a systematic search on three databases. First, a general formulation of the problem is presented, independently from the surgical field involved, and the key steps involved in the development of a CAP solution are detailed. Secondly, we categorized the articles based on the main surgical applications, which have been object of study and we categorize them based on the type of assistance provided to the end-user.
Free light-chain measurement in serum compared with immunofixation of urine in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: M. R. sa Nowrousian, D. Brandhorst, R. Daniels, C. Sammet, P. Schuett, P. Ebeling, U. Buttkereit, B. Opalka, M. Flasshove, T. Moritz, S. Seeber
Journal: Blood (2003)
Chondrogenesis of cocultures of mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes in poly(l-lysine)-loaded hydrogels
Authors: Yu Seon Kim, Athena J. Chien, Jason L. Guo, Brandon T. Smith, Emma Watson, Hannah A. Pearce, Gerry L. Koons, Adam M. Navara, Johnny Lam, David W. Scott, K. Jane Grande-Allen, Antonios G. Mikos
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2020)
Abstract 10404: Mineralocorticoid-Receptor Antagonists Regulate Mitochondrial Dynamics and Local Aldosterone Production Attenuating Right Ventricular Remodeling in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Tetsuya Hayashi, Ryuji Kato, Hideki Imano, Yoshio Ijiri, Atsuo Nomura, Michio Asahi, Hong Wu, Takashi Nakano, Takehiro Yamaguchi, Yasukatsu Izumi, Minoru Yoshiyama, Keiko Ohta-Ogo, Hatsue Ishibashi-Ueda
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease that frequently leads to a fetal right ventricular (RV) remodeling. It has been known that the renin-angiotensin-aldoste...
Recommendations for antibacterial therapy in adults with COVID-19 – an evidence based guideline
Authors: Elske Sieswerda, Mark G.J. de Boer, Marc M.J. Bonten, Wim G. Boersma, René E. Jonkers, Roel M. Aleva, Bart-Jan Kullberg, Jeroen A. Schouten, Ewoudt M.W. van de Garde, Theo J. Verheij, Menno M. van der Eerden, Jan M. Prins, W. Joost Wiersinga
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)

ScopeThe Dutch Working Party on Antibiotic Policy constituted a multidisciplinary expert committee to provide evidence-based recommendation for the use of antibacterial therapy in hospitalized adults with a respiratory infection and suspected or proven 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19).MethodsWe performed a literature search to answer four key questions. The committee graded the evidence and developed recommendations by using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology.Questions addressed by the guideline and RecommendationsWe assessed evidence on the risk of bacterial infections in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, the associated bacterial pathogens, how to diagnose bacterial infections and how to treat bacterial infections. Bacterial co-infection upon admission was reported in 3.5% of COVID-19 patients, while bacterial secondary infections during hospitalization occurred up to 15%. No or very low quality evidence was found to answer the other key clinical questions. Although the evidence base on bacterial infections in COVID-19 is currently limited, available evidence supports restrictive antibiotic use from an antibiotic stewardship perspective, especially upon admission. To support restrictive antibiotic use, maximum efforts should be undertaken to obtain sputum and blood culture samples as well as pneumococcal urinary antigen testing. We suggest to stop antibiotics in patients who started antibiotic treatment upon admission when representative cultures as well as urinary antigen tests show no signs of involvement of bacterial pathogens after 48 hours. For patients with secondary bacterial respiratory infection we recommend to follow other guideline recommendations on antibacterial treatment for patients with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia. An antibiotic treatment duration of five days in patients with COVID-19 and suspected bacterial respiratory infection is recommended upon improvement of signs, symptoms and inflammatory markers. Larger, prospective studies about the epidemiology of bacterial infections in COVID-19 are urgently needed to confirm our conclusions and ultimately prevent unnecessary antibiotic use during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Targeting the gut microbial metabolic pathway with small molecules decreases uremic toxin production
Authors: Yingyi Wang, Jianping Li, Chenkai Chen, Jingbo Lu, Jingao Yu, Xuejun Xu, Yin Peng, Sen Zhang, Shu Jiang, Jianming Guo, Jinao Duan
Journal: Gut Microbes (2020)

Uremic toxins are a class of toxins that accumulate in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Indoxyl sulfate (IS), a typical uremic toxin, is not efficiently removed by hemodialysis. Modulation of IS production in the gut microbiota may be a promising strategy for decreasing IS concentration, thus, delaying CKD progression. In the present study, we identified isoquercitrin (ISO) as a natural product that can perturb microbiota-mediated indole production without directly inhibiting the growth of microbes or the indole-synthesizing enzyme TnaA. ISO inhibits the establishment of H proton potential by regulating the gut bacteria electron transport chain, thereby inhibiting the transport of tryptophan and further reducing indole biosynthesis. This non-microbiocidal mechanism may enable ISO to be used as a therapeutic tool, specifically against pathologies triggered by the accumulation of the microbial-produced toxin IS, as in CKD. Herein, we have shown that it is possible to inhibit gut microbial indole production using natural components. Therefore, targeting the uremic toxin metabolic pathway in gut bacteria may be a promising strategy to control host uremic toxin production.
Postsurgical bile duct disruption: Digital single-operator cholangioscopy-assisted recanalization
Authors: Carolina G. González-Olivares, José R. Foruny, Andreína Olavarría, Juan Ángel González Martín, Sergio López-Durán, Enrique Vázquez-Sequeiros, Agustín Albillos
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Corrected by: Correction: Postsurgical bile duct disruption: Digital single-operator cholangioscopy-assisted recanalizationEndoscopy 2021; 53(07): C9-C9DOI: 10.1055/a-1491-4311
Accelerated Preclinical Paths to Support Rapid Development of COVID-19 Therapeutics
Authors: Jay A. Grobler, Annaliesa S. Anderson, Prabhavathi Fernandes, Michael S. Diamond, Christine M. Colvis, Joseph P. Menetski, Rosa M. Alvarez, John A.T. Young, Kara L. Carter
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2020)
SNO 25th anniversary history series: Providing a global platform for communication and exchange in neuro-oncology
Authors: James Balogun, Chas Haynes, Zarnie Lwin, Edjah Nduom, Vinay Puduvalli, Monica Venere, Gelareh Zadeh
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Recognizing that brain tumors are not confined by geographical boundaries, the Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) has long believed that progress in the fight against adult and pediatric CNS cancers can be accelerated when the international research community works together to share findings and best practices.In this installment of the SNO 25 th Anniversary History Series, we focus on the effort to establish a global organization to unite regional and national neuro-oncology societies, as well as SNO's work to improve the clinical care of patients with brain tumors in developing regions of the world through international outreach.Overall survival
Interleukin-12 Message in a Bottle
Authors: Assunta Cirella, Pedro Berraondo, Claudia Augusta Di Trani, Ignacio Melero
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

IL12 is a very potent cancer immunotherapy agent, but is difficult to harness safely if given systemically. Local gene transfer aims to confine the effects of IL12 to malignant tissues, thus avoiding toxicity. Lipid-nanoparticle mRNA achieves IL12 expression and efficacy in mouse models, opening the way to an ongoing trial.See related article by Hewitt et al., p. 6284.
Splenic Hematopoietic and Stromal Cells in Cancer Progression
Authors: Jonas Steenbrugge, Emiel A. De Jaeghere, Evelyne Meyer, Hannelore Denys, Olivier De Wever
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Tumor-derived secretory factors orchestrate splenic hematopoietic and stromal cells to fuel metastasis. The spleen acts as a reservoir site for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, which are rapidly exploited as myeloid-derived suppressor cells at the cost of tumor-reactive lymphoid cells. Splenic erythroid progenitor cells and mesenchymal stromal cells contribute directly and indirectly to both tumor immune escape and the metastatic cascade. Animal models provide valuable mechanistic insights, but their translation to a clinical setting highlights specific challenges and open issues. In this review, we envision the exploitation of the spleen as a source for novel biomarkers and therapeutic approaches.
Predictors of Rapid Plaque Progression
Authors: Makoto Araki, Taishi Yonetsu, Osamu Kurihara, Akihiro Nakajima, Hang Lee, Tsunenari Soeda, Yoshiyasu Minami, Iris McNulty, Shiro Uemura, Tsunekazu Kakuta, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)
Covid-19: GPs need extra support to withstand second wave, BMA warns
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2020)

General practices will struggle to cope with a second wave of covid-19 unless urgent measures are put in place to support them, the BMA has warned.

It said that practices in England were reporting that they did not have the capacity to carry out all of the work required of them while managing ongoing patient care, dealing with the backlog of care put on hold during the first wave of the pandemic, and reconfiguring services.

Richard Vautrey, chair of the BMA’s General …
Microbial and transcriptional differences elucidate atopic dermatitis heterogeneity across skin sites
Authors: Noora Ottman, Mauricio Barrientos‐Somarribas, Nanna Fyhrquist, Helen Alexander, Lukas Wisgrill, Peter Olah, Sophia Tsoka, Dario Greco, Francesca Levi‐Schaffer, Vassili Soumelis, Jens M. Schröder, Juha Kere, Frank O. Nestle, Jonathan Barker, Annamari Ranki, Antti Lauerma, Bernhard Homey, Björn Andersson, Harri Alenius
Journal: Allergy (2020)

Abstract It is well established that different sites in healthy human skin are colonized by distinct microbial communities due to different physiological conditions. However, few studies have explored microbial heterogeneity between skin sites in diseased skin, such as atopic dermatitis (AD) lesions. To address this issue, we carried out deep analysis of the microbiome and transcriptome in the skin of a large cohort of AD patients and healthy volunteers, comparing two physiologically different sites: upper back and posterior thigh. Microbiome samples and biopsies were obtained from both lesional and nonlesional skin to identify changes related to the disease process. Transcriptome analysis revealed distinct disease‐related gene expression profiles depending on anatomical location, with keratinization dominating the transcriptomic signatures in posterior thigh, and lipid metabolism in the upper back. Moreover, we show that relative abundance of Staphylococcus aureus is associated with disease severity in the posterior thigh, but not in the upper back. Our results suggest that AD may select for similar microbes in different anatomical locations—an "AD‐like microbiome," but distinct microbial dynamics can still be observed when comparing posterior thigh to upper back. This study highlights the importance of considering the variability across skin sites when studying the development of skin inflammation.
Prediction model for intracranial hypertension demonstrates robust performance during external validation on the CENTER-TBI dataset
Authors: Giorgia Carra, Fabian Güiza, Bart Depreitere, Geert Meyfroidt, Audny Anke, Ronny Beer, Bo-Michael Bellander, Erta Beqiri, Andras Buki, Manuel Cabeleira, Marco Carbonara, Arturo Chieregato, Giuseppe Citerio, Hans Clusmann, Endre Czeiter, Marek Czosnyka, Bart Depreitere, Ari Ercole, Shirin Frisvold, Raimund Helbok, Stefan Jankowski, Danile Kondziella, Lars-Owe Koskinen, Ana Kowark, David K. Menon, Geert Meyfroidt, Kirsten Moeller, David Nelson, Anna Piippo-Karjalainen, Andreea Radoi, Arminas Ragauskas, Rahul Raj, Jonathan Rhodes, Saulius Rocka, Rolf Rossaint, Juan Sahuquillo, Oliver Sakowitz, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Nina Sundstro¨m, Riikka Takala, Olli Tenovuo, Peter Vajkoczy, Alessia Vargiolu, Rimantas Vilcinis, Stefan Wolf, Alexander Younsi, Frederick A. Zeiler
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2020)
Brief Behavioral Therapy and Bupropion for Sleep and Fatigue in Young Adults With Crohn’s Disease: An Exploratory Open Trial Study
Authors: Jana G. Hashash, Mitchell R. Knisely, Anne Germain, Katheryn McAuliff, Meredith Strassburger, Ashley Vachon, David G. Binion, Miguel Regueiro, Meredith Wallace, Eva Szigethy
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Sitagliptin Treatment at the Time of Hospitalization Was Associated With Reduced Mortality in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and COVID-19: A Multicenter, Case-Control, Retrospective, Observational Study
Authors: Sebastiano Bruno Solerte, Francesca D’Addio, Roberto Trevisan, Elisabetta Lovati, Antonio Rossi, Ida Pastore, Marco Dell’Acqua, Elio Ippolito, Cristiana Scaranna, Rosalia Bellante, Silvia Galliani, Alessandro Roberto Dodesini, Giuseppe Lepore, Francesca Geni, Roberta Maria Fiorina, Emanuele Catena, Angelo Corsico, Riccardo Colombo, Marco Mirani, Carlo De Riva, Salvatore Endrio Oleandri, Reza Abdi, Joseph V. Bonventre, Stefano Rusconi, Franco Folli, Antonio Di Sabatino, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Massimo Galli, Paolo Fiorina
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

OBJECTIVE Poor outcomes have been reported in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); thus, it is mandatory to explore novel therapeutic approaches for this population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a multicenter, case-control, retrospective, observational study, sitagliptin, an oral and highly selective dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor, was added to standard of care (e.g., insulin administration) at the time of hospitalization in patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized with COVID-19. Every center also recruited at a 1:1 ratio untreated control subjects matched for age and sex. All patients had pneumonia and exhibited oxygen saturation &amp;lt;95% when breathing ambient air or when receiving oxygen support. The primary end points were discharge from the hospital/death and improvement of clinical outcomes, defined as an increase in at least two points on a seven-category modified ordinal scale. Data were collected retrospectively from patients receiving sitagliptin from 1 March through 30 April 2020. RESULTS Of the 338 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19 admitted in Northern Italy hospitals included in this study, 169 were on sitagliptin, while 169 were on standard of care. Treatment with sitagliptin at the time of hospitalization was associated with reduced mortality (18% vs. 37% of deceased patients; hazard ratio 0.44 [95% CI 0.29–0.66]; P = 0.0001), with an improvement in clinical outcomes (60% vs. 38% of improved patients; P = 0.0001) and with a greater number of hospital discharges (120 vs. 89 of discharged patients; P = 0.0008) compared with patients receiving standard of care, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this multicenter, case-control, retrospective, observational study of patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the hospital for COVID-19, sitagliptin treatment at the time of hospitalization was associated with reduced mortality and improved clinical outcomes as compared with standard-of-care treatment. The effects of sitagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19 should be confirmed in an ongoing randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
Bispecific anti-CD20, anti-CD19 CAR T cells for relapsed B cell malignancies: a phase 1 dose escalation and expansion trial
Authors: Nirav N. Shah, Bryon D. Johnson, Dina Schneider, Fenlu Zhu, Aniko Szabo, Carolyn A. Keever-Taylor, Winfried Krueger, Andrew A. Worden, Michael J. Kadan, Sharon Yim, Ashley Cunningham, Mehdi Hamadani, Timothy S. Fenske, Boro Dropulić, Rimas Orentas, Parameswaran Hari
Journal: Nature Medicine (2020)
Myocardial Impairment and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Kristoffer Grundtvig Skaarup, Mats Christian Højbjerg Lassen, Jannie Nørgaard Lind, Alia Saed Alhakak, Morten Sengeløv, Anne Bjerg Nielsen, Caroline Espersen, Raphael Hauser, Liv Borum Schöps, Eva Holt, Niklas Dyrby Johansen, Daniel Modin, Shreeya Sharma, Claus Graff, Henning Bundgaard, Christian Hassager, Reza Jabbari, Anne-Mette Lebech, Ole Kirk, Uffe Bødtger, Matias Greve Lindholm, Gowsini Joseph, Lothar Wiese, Frank Vinholt Schiødt, Ole Peter Kristiansen, Emil Schwarz Walsted, Olav Wendelboe Nielsen, Birgitte Lindegaard Madsen, Niels Tønder, Thomas Lars Benfield, Klaus Nielsen Jeschke, Charlotte Suppli Ulrik, Filip Krag Knop, Jannik Pallisgaard, Morten Lamberts, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Gunnar Gislason, Scott D. Solomon, Kasper Iversen, Jens Ulrik Stæhr Jensen, Morten Schou, Tor Biering-Sørensen
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)
Screening and eradication of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> for gastric cancer prevention: the Taipei global consensus
Authors: Jyh-Ming Liou, Peter Malfertheiner, Yi-Chia Lee, Bor-Shyang Sheu, Kentaro Sugano, Hsiu-Chi Cheng, Khay-Guan Yeoh, Ping-I Hsu, Khean-Lee Goh, Varocha Mahachai, Takuji Gotoda, Wei-Lun Chang, Mei-Jyh Chen, Tsung-Hsien Chiang, Chieh-Chang Chen, Chun-Ying Wu, Alex Hwong-Ruey Leow, Jeng-Yih Wu, Deng-Chyang Wu, Tzu-Chan Hong, Hong Lu, Yoshio Yamaoka, Francis Megraud, Francis K L Chan, Joseph JY Sung, Jaw-Town Lin, David Y Graham, Ming-Shiang Wu, Emad M El-Omar
Journal: Gut (2020)

Objective A global consensus meeting was held to review current evidence and knowledge gaps and propose collaborative studies on population-wide screening and eradication of Helicobacter pylori for prevention of gastric cancer (GC). Methods 28 experts from 11 countries reviewed the evidence and modified the statements using the Delphi method, with consensus level predefined as ≥80% of agreement on each statement. The Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was followed. Results Consensus was reached in 26 statements. At an individual level, eradication of H. pylori reduces the risk of GC in asymptomatic subjects and is recommended unless there are competing considerations. In cohorts of vulnerable subjects (eg, first-degree relatives of patients with GC), a screen-and-treat strategy is also beneficial. H. pylori eradication in patients with early GC after curative endoscopic resection reduces the risk of metachronous cancer and calls for a re-examination on the hypothesis of ‘the point of no return’. At the general population level, the strategy of screen-and-treat for H. pylori infection is most cost-effective in young adults in regions with a high incidence of GC and is recommended preferably before the development of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. However, such a strategy may still be effective in people aged over 50, and may be integrated or included into national healthcare priorities, such as colorectal cancer screening programmes, to optimise the resources. Reliable locally effective regimens based on the principles of antibiotic stewardship are recommended. Subjects at higher risk of GC, such as those with advanced gastric atrophy or intestinal metaplasia, should receive surveillance endoscopy after eradication of H. pylori . Conclusion Evidence supports the proposal that eradication therapy should be offered to all individuals infected with H. pylori . Vulnerable subjects should be tested, and treated if the test is positive. Mass screening and eradication of H. pylori should be considered in populations at higher risk of GC.
Characterizing CDK12-Mutated Prostate Cancers
Authors: Pasquale Rescigno, Bora Gurel, Rita Pereira, Mateus Crespo, Jan Rekowski, Mattia Rediti, Maialen Barrero, Joaquin Mateo, Diletta Bianchini, Carlo Messina, Maria D. Fenor de la Maza, Khobe Chandran, Juliet Carmichael, Christina Guo, Alec Paschalis, Adam Sharp, George Seed, Ines Figueiredo, Maryou Lambros, Susana Miranda, Ana Ferreira, Claudia Bertan, Ruth Riisnaes, Nuria Porta, Wei Yuan, Suzanne Carreira, Johann S. de Bono
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Purpose: Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) aberrations have been reported as a biomarker of response to immunotherapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Herein, we characterize CDK12-mutated mCRPC, presenting clinical, genomic, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) data. Experimental Design: Patients with mCRPC consented to the molecular analyses of diagnostic and mCRPC biopsies. Genomic analyses involved targeted next-generation (MiSeq; Illumina) and exome sequencing (NovaSeq; Illumina). TILs were assessed by validated immunocytochemistry coupled with deep learning–based artificial intelligence analyses including multiplex immunofluorescence assays for CD4, CD8, and FOXP3 evaluating TIL subsets. The control group comprised a randomly selected mCRPC cohort with sequencing and clinical data available. Results: Biopsies from 913 patients underwent targeted sequencing between February 2015 and October 2019. Forty-three patients (4.7%) had tumors with CDK12 alterations. CDK12-altered cancers had distinctive features, with some revealing high chromosomal break numbers in exome sequencing. Biallelic CDK12-aberrant mCRPCs had shorter overall survival from diagnosis than controls [5.1 years (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.0–7.9) vs. 6.4 years (95% CI, 5.7–7.8); hazard ratio (HR), 1.65 (95% CI, 1.07–2.53); P = 0.02]. Median intratumoral CD3+ cell density was higher in CDK12 cancers, although this was not statistically significant (203.7 vs. 86.7 cells/mm2; P = 0.07). This infiltrate primarily comprised of CD4+FOXP3− cells (50.5 vs. 6.2 cells/mm2; P &amp;lt; 0.0001), where high counts tended to be associated with worse survival from diagnosis (HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 0.95–2.84; P = 0.077) in the overall population. Conclusions: CDK12-altered mCRPCs have worse prognosis, with these tumors surprisingly being primarily enriched for CD4+FOXP3− cells that seem to associate with worse outcome and may be immunosuppressive. See related commentary by Lotan and Antonarakis, p. 380