tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Circular RNA circ-ZKSCAN1 inhibits bladder cancer progression through miR-1178-3p/p21 axis and acts as a prognostic factor of recurrence
Authors: Junming Bi, Hongwei Liu, Wei Dong, Weibin Xie, Qingqing He, Zijian Cai, Jian Huang, Tianxin Lin
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2019)

Abstract Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a subclass of regulatory RNAs that have been shown to have significant regulatory roles in cancer progression. However, the biological functions of circRNAs in bladder cancer (BCa) are largely unknown. Methods Cell invasion models were established, and invasion-related circRNAs were detected by qPCR. Using above method, circ- ZKSCAN1 was picked out for further study. Circ- ZKSCAN1 expression and survival analyses were performed through qPCR. The survival curves were generated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was used to assess the significance. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were examined to investigate the function of circ- ZKSCAN1 . Tumorigenesis in nude mice was assessed to determine the effect of circ- ZKSCAN1 in bladder cancer. Biotin-coupled probe pull-down assays, FISH and luciferase reporter assays were conducted to confirm the relationship between circ- ZKSCAN1 and microRNA. RNA-seq revealed different molecular changes in downstream genes. Results Here, we found that circ- ZKSCAN1 was downregulated in BCa tissues and cell lines. Circ- ZKSCAN1 levels were associated with survival, tumor grade, pathological T stage and tumor recurrence. Overexpressed circ- ZKSCAN1 inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that circ- ZKSCAN1 upregulated p21 expression by sponging miR-1178-3p, which suppressed the aggressive biological behaviors in bladder cancer. Conclusions These results reveal that Circ- ZKSCAN1 acts as a tumor suppressor via a novel circ- ZKSCAN1 /miR-1178-3p/p21 axis, which have the important role in the proliferation, migration and invasion ablitities of BCa cells and provide a novel perspective on circRNAs in BCa progression.
P14.128 Lack of development of Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in a cohort of 103 Italian glioblastoma patients not receiving prophylaxis during post-surgical chemoradiotherapy
Authors: N Rifino, A Rigamonti, F Guida, C Bonato, G De Nobili, G Spena, A Salmaggi
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Patients diagnosed with high grade gliomas (HGG) usually receive surgery, radiation, temozolomide (TMZ) and corticosteroids. A major concern in patients who receive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the risk of developing secondary myelosuppression and a related infection during treatment. CRT may also lead to a long-lasting reduction of WBC, associated with early death from tumor progression. Among treatment-related infections, Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia (PJP) has been reported, since then, PJP prophylaxis has been required by the FDA. However, evidence for PJP during CRT is very limited limited and the rate of PJP still low. MATERIAL AND METHODS We did a retrospective, Institutional Review Board-approved cohort study in 103 patients (60 men and 43 women), who were consecutively diagnosed with GBM in “A. Manzoni” Hospital in Lecco during the period May 2007 to December 2013. All of these patients were treated with CRT according to the Stupp protocol without PJP prophylaxis. Haematological toxicities of CRT were assessed according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE, version 5.0; November 27, 2017). The objective of our study was to investigate the association between CRT and myelosuppression and we evaluated the types of infection contracted on CRT and in particular if the absence of a proper PJP prophylaxis led to an increased rate of PJP. RESULTS In our cohort, among 103 patients receiving CRT, 18% developed severe lymphopenia. Among all the subjects enrolled, a total of 9 patients (8.7%) had documented infectious complications during the CRT. Three patients developed community acquired pneumonia. Moreover, we documented three cases of fever without source, two urinary tract infections, one herpes zoster, one herpes simplex 1, one phlegmon and one purulent otitis. However, no one of these patients was diagnosed as PJP despite PJP prophylaxis was not given. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our data seem to support a lack of undisputable evidence for a favorable risk/benefit profile in the use of PJP prophylaxis for all newly diagnosed GBM patients undergoing the CRT, also considering the rate of adverse reactions (15.2%) and severe adverse reactions (around 3%, mainly leukopenia) in non-HIV adults receiving trimethoprim/sulphametoxazole for prolonged periods.
Neonatal Sepsis Evaluation
Authors: Karen M. Puopolo, Gabriel J. Escobar
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
P14.82 Combining therapy with recombinant human endostatin and cytotoxic agents for recurrent disseminated glioblastoma: a retrospective study
Authors: J Zhang
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND The optimal chemotherapeutics of recurrent disseminated glioblastoma has yet to be determined. We analyzed the efficacy and safety of temozolomide (TMZ) and irinotecan (CPT-11) combined with recombinant human endostatin (rh-ES) in patients with recurrent disseminated glioblastoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 30 adult patients with recurrent disseminated glioblastoma treated with this combination chemotherapy from November 2009 to August 2018. TMZ was given orally 200mg/m2 for 5 days in each 28-day cycle (5/28d). CPT-11 was administrated 125 mg/m2 for patients not receiving enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (EIAEDs) or 340 mg/m2 for patients receiving EIAEDs on day 1 and day 15; rh-ES was administrated 15 mg/d, daily for 14 days of each 28-day treatment cycle. RESULTS Primary endpoint was progression-free survival at 6 months (6m-PFS). The 6m-PFS was 23.3%. The median PFS was 3.2 months. The overall survival rate (OS) at 12 months was 28.6%. The median OS was 6.9 months. Six out of 30 (20%) patients demonstrated partial radiographic response and 11/30 (36.7%) remained stable. The PFS of the 6 patients who got partial response was 5.8, 6.3, 6.9, 13.6, 15.8, 16.6 months, respectively, and the median time interval of first response was 4 (range, 2.0–6.6) months. The most common adverse events were hematologic toxicity and gastrointestinal reactions. The Grade ≥3 adverse event was mainly hematologic toxicity. The adverse events were manageable. CONCLUSION Rh-ES, in combination with cytotoxic drugs, was an alternative effective regimen with manageable toxicity in treatment of recurrent disseminated glioblastoma.
Pigs Model Human Brains, Snake Fangs Inspire Microneedles, and Canines Advance Cardiac Imaging
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
英国 2013–15 BCC 和 cSCC 的流行病学
Authors: Z.C. Venables, T. Nijsten, K.F. Wong, P. Autier, J. Broggio, A. Deas, C. Harwood, L.M. Hollestein, S.M. Langan, E. Morgan, C. Proby, J. Rashbass, I.M. Leigh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

基底细胞癌 (BCC) 和皮肤鳞状细胞癌 (cSCC) 是两种最常见的皮肤癌(肿瘤)。BCC 和 cSCC 之前已从通过癌症注册研究收集的英国国家癌症统计中删除,因为难以准确估计肿瘤计数。自 2013 年以来对 BCC 注册数据采集的改进带来了世界上最大和最完整的 BCC 和 cSCC 数据集。因此,这项研究的目标是使用英国注册数据提供更好的 BCC 和 cSCC 肿瘤计数估计。这项研究证实,在英国,皮肤癌发生频率比其他癌症高出 4 倍。作者们能够显示,仅在 2015 年,BCC 和 cSCC 就已影响超过 21 万人,且在 2015 年,BCC 影响人数比例为 3/1000,cSCC 为 1/1000。由于它们最常影响老年人,发病率每年增加大约 5% 并不令人惊讶。尽管它们的危险性低于黑色素瘤,因此导致公众对于 BCC 和 cSCC 的认识水平较低,但它们的发生率比黑色素瘤高出超过 10 倍。这项研究暴露了英国之前未报告的皮肤癌负担,强调了通过防止过度自然(日光)或非自然(日晒房)紫外线照射来防止皮肤癌的重要性。
Complete remission with incomplete count recovery (CRi) prior to allogeneic HCT for acute myeloid leukaemia is associated with a high non-relapse mortality
Authors: Andrew J. Innes, Philippa Woolley, Richard M. Szydlo, Sara Lozano, Fiona Fernando, Divya Bansal, Renuka Palanicawandar, Dragana Milojkovic, Philippa C. May, Elisabet Nadal-Melsio, Eva Yebra-Fernandez, Eduardo Olavarria, Jane F. Apperley, Jiří Pavlů
Journal: Leukemia (2019)
Obesity paradox in older cancer patients for middle and long-term mortality: A prospective multicenter cohort study of 2,071 patients.
Authors: Claudia Martinez-Tapia, Thomas Diot, Nadia Oubaya, Elena Paillaud, Johanne Poisson, Mathilde Gisselbrecht, Philippe Caillet, Aurélie Baudin, Frédéric Pamoukdjian, Sylvie Bastuji-Garin, Marie Laurent, Florence Canoui-Poitrine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

11555 Background: Overweight and obesity are associated with numerous adverse health outcomes. However, among older adults, substantial literature suggests an improved survival among overweight and obese patients. This phenomenon, referred to as the “obesity paradox” remains controversial. In the context of cancer, the association between overweight/obesity and mortality is complex due to the concomitant weight loss and cachexia. We aim to assess the impact of high Body Mass Index (BMI) on mortality in a large population of older cancer patients. Methods: We studied patients aged ≥70 from the ELCAPA prospective open-cohort (2007-2016; 10 geriatric oncology clinics, Great Paris urban area). Endpoints were 12- and 48-months mortality. A variable combining BMI at cancer diagnosis and weight loss (in the 6 months preceding the diagnosis) was created. BMI categories considered: underweight, (BMI &lt; 22.4kg/m²), normal weight (BMI 22.5-24.9), overweight (BMI 25-29.9), and obese (BMI ≥30); weight loss (WL) categories: &lt; 5%, 5- &lt; 10%, ≥10%. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards analysis were conducted in males and females. Results: A total of 2071 patients were included (mean age, 81; female, 48%; metastases, 49%; main localizations: digestive (37%), urinary (26%), breast (16%); underweight (30%), normal weight (23%), overweight (33%), obese (14%)). After adjustment for age, smoking, inpatient status, cancer site, metastasis, performance status and comorbidities, overweight women with &lt; 5% WL were at lower risk of 12- and 48-months mortality compared to normal weight women with &lt; 5% WL (aHR = 0.56; p = 0.043 and 0.65; p = 0.031, respectively). Obese women with &lt; 5% WL had a lower mortality risk only at 48-months (aHR = 0.63; p = 0.036). The obesity paradox was stronger in overweight metastatic women. Overweight or obese women with 5- &lt; 10% or ≥10% WL had no reduced risk of mortality compared to normal weight women. Overweight and obese men had no reduced risk of mortality irrespective of weight loss. Conclusions: By taking into account initial weight loss, we did not found evidence for obesity paradox in older patients with cancer except in the subgroup of women with minimal weight loss. Clinical trial information: NCT02884375.
CRISPR-Cas System of a Prevalent Human Gut Bacterium Reveals Hyper-targeting against Phages in a Human Virome Catalog
Authors: Paola Soto-Perez, Jordan E. Bisanz, Joel D. Berry, Kathy N. Lam, Joseph Bondy-Denomy, Peter J. Turnbaugh
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2019)
QOLP-03. MEASURING CHANGE IN HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE: THE ADDED VALUE OF ANALYSIS ON THE INDIVIDUAL PATIENT LEVEL IN GLIOMA PATIENTS IN CLINICAL DECISION MAKING
Authors: Marijke Coomans, Martin Taphoorn, Neil Aaronson, Brigitta Baumert, Martin van den Bent, Andrew Bottomley, Alba Brandes, Olivier Chinot, Corneel Coens, Thierry Gorlia, Ulrich Herrlinger, Florence Keime-Guibert, Annika Malmström, Francesca Martinelli, Roger Stupp, Andrea Talacchi, Michael Weller, Wolfgang Wick, Jaap Reijneveld
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important outcome in glioma research, reflecting the impact of disease and treatment on a patient’s functioning and wellbeing. Data on changes in HRQoL scores provide important information for clinical decision-making, but different analytical methods may lead to different interpretations of the impact of treatment on HRQoL. This study aimed to study whether different methods to evaluate change in HRQoL result in different interpretations. Methods: HRQoL and sociodemographical/clinical data from 15 randomized clinical trials were combined. Change in HRQoL scores was analyzed: (1)at the group level, comparing mean changes in scale/item scores between treatment arms over time, (2)at the patient level per scale/item by calculating the percentage of patients that deteriorated, improved or remained stable on a scale/item per scale/item, and (3)at the individual patient level combining all scales/items. Results: Data were available for 3727 patients. At the group scale/item level (method 1), only the item ‘hair loss’ showed a significant and clinically relevant change (i.e. ≥10 points) over time, whereas change scores on the other scales/items showed a statistically significant change only (all p&lt; .001, range in change score:0.1–6.2). Analyses on the patient level per scale (method 2) indicated that, while a large proportion of patients had stable HRQoL over time (range:27–84%), many patients deteriorated (range:6–43%) or improved (range:8–32%) on a specific scale/item. At the individual patient level (method 3), the majority of patients (86%) showed both deterioration and improvement, while only 1% of the patients remained stable on all scales. Conclusion: Different analytical methods of changes in HRQoL result in distinct interpretations of treatment effects, all of which may be relevant for clinical decision-making. Additional information about the joint impact of treatment on all outcomes may help patients and physicians to make the best treatment decision.
Australian medical college could lose charitable status amid governance concerns
Authors: Paul Smith
Journal: BMJ (2019)

The Royal Australasian College of Physicians faces being stripped of its charitable status amid concerns that it has inappropriately managed funds and failed to adequately investigate complaints. The warning by the Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission follows its investigation in May into the activities of the beleaguered organisation. The findings were revealed at the end of August when the college published the letter the watchdog wrote in June saying it was worried that the college was falling foul of the law. In the letter the commission lists 12 separate “concerns,” including:
Serum CD147 Levels Are Increased in Multiple Myeloma Patients and Elevated Levels Are Associated with Refractory Disease and Shortened Progression Free Survival
Authors: Zachary Gross, Kyle Udd, Matthew Ghermezi, Soudabeh Etessami, Haiming Chen, Tanya M. Spektor, Mingjie Li, George Tang, Cathy S Wang, Eric Sanchez, Camilia M Soof, Christian E Casas, Regina Swift, James R. Berenson
Journal: Blood (2016)
Valuation of the urban environment by its potential impact on human health: a modelling study for the UPSTREAM project
Authors: Eleanor Eaton, Alistair Hunt
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2019)

BackgroundUrban environments are placing an increasing burden on our life support systems. Research is needed further upstream in urban governance and on the role of economic valuation in critical decision-making. The three-year pilot study, Moving Health Upstream in Urban Development (UPSTREAM), funded by Wellcome, has made a small, but important contribution to research in this area. We report here on the results of the workstream to quantify the scale of the impact that the built environment has on health in monetary terms.MethodsFollowing a systematic literature review carried out by University of the West of England, observed health impacts associated with different characteristics of the environment were applied to a hypothetical population of 1000 people. Unit values for the societal cost of around 60 health outcomes were defined using existing valuation evidence. Reference values were established for the intervals between worst-case and best-case scenarios in the UK new build housing context.FindingsWe estimated the societal value of health impacts arising from 26 characteristics of the built environment, including green space, air quality, noise, overheating and proximity to a main road. It is possible to use these findings to compare the relative importance of each feature.InterpretationEven in the context of a well-regulated sector, the UK new build environment shows potential for significant differences in health impacts between the best and worst quality of design. Although interior conditions such as thermal comfort are important, it is the wider environmental context such as green space and air quality where the largest impacts occur. We have shown that this potential for change can be monetised in terms of the impact on health, using a metric that might be useful for social planners.FundingThe Wellcome Trust.
P11.57 A 3D brain organoid coculture system delineates the invasive cell components in glioblastoma
Authors: W Zhou, B Klink, G Dittmar, P Nazarov, E M Garcia, M Han, T R Lunavat, J V Joesph, H S Saed, M Bahador, J Wang, R Bjerkvig
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) cell infiltration into the surrounding normal brain tissue where the blood brain barrier is intact, represents a major problem for clinical management and therapy. There is a vital need to understand the molecular mechanism that drives tumor cell invasion into the surrounding brain. We have previously developed a 3D coculture model where mature brain organoids are confronted with patient-derived glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs). In such a coculture system, single cell invasion into the normal brain tissue can be studied in detail. Here, we first describe in detail, by RNA-seq and proteomics, the differentiation of various neural cell lineages into mature brain organoids as well as their cellular organization. By real-time confocal microscopy and imaging analyses we also determine the speed of tumor cell invasion into the brain. Finally, we used this coculture system to delineate in detail the cellular heterogeneity within the invasive compartment and their gene expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to determine the expression and distribution of mature neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia within the brain organoids. Proteomics and RNA-seq were used to determine brain development ex-vivo. To assess the clonal composition of the GBM-invasive compartment, we used cellular (RGB) barcoding technology. By advanced imaging, we tracked in real time the invasion of barcoded cells into the brain organoids. Finally, we isolated invasive cells and non-invasive cells from our coculture system and used single cell sequencing to analyze their gene expression profiles and molecular phenotypes. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence showed that brain organoids, after 21 days of differentiation, display a highly cellular and structural organization. RNA-seq and proteomics, performed at different time points of organoid differentiation, revealed that the brain organoids develop into mature brain structures after 21 days as verified by a comparative analysis to normal rat brain development in vivo. Imaging analyses showed that multiple clones within the GBMs have the capacity to invade into the brain tissue with an average speed of ~ 20 μm/h. RNA-sec analysis of the invasive compartment revealed a strong up-regulation of genes and pathways associated with anaerobic respiration (glycolysis). CONCLUSION We describe a highly standardized brain organoid coculture system that can be used to delineate GBM invasion ex-vivo. We demonstrate that this platform can be used to unravel the mechanisms that drive GBM invasion into the normal brain.
Hydrogen gas improves photothermal therapy of tumor and restrains the relapse of distant dormant tumor
Authors: Cheng Zhang, Di-Wei Zheng, Chu-Xin Li, Mei-Zhen Zou, Wu-Yang Yu, Miao-Deng Liu, Si-Yuan Peng, Zhen-Lin Zhong, Xian-Zheng Zhang
Journal: Biomaterials (2019)