tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P306: Proportion of Community-dwelling Older Adults Potentially Benefiting From the Detection of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) With Ankle-Brachial Index: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Yijing Feng, Shoshana Ballew, Corey A Kalbaugh, Michelle L Meyer, Hirofumi Tanaka, Gerardo Heiss, Mathew Allison, Maya Salameh, Josef Coresh, Kunihiro Matsushita
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: The value of detecting PAD using the ankle-brachial index (ABI) among asymptomatic adults is controversial. However, the detection of PAD can help informing cardiovascular preventive therapy (e.g., statin and aspirin) and identifying PAD as a potential cause of reduced leg function which may be improved by exercise therapy. No previous studies have quantified the proportion of community-dwelling older adults who may benefit from PAD detection from these perspectives. Methods: In 4375 ARIC participants aged 66-90 between 2011-2013 without previously diagnosed PAD, we assessed the proportion of participants with newly detected PAD based on ABI who were not taking statin or aspirin and had reduced leg function (defined as the Short Physical Performance Battery score ≤9). Subsequently, we explored factors associated with higher odds of potentially benefitting from the detection of PAD (i.e., not taking statin/aspirin or having reduced leg function despite the presence of PAD) using logistic regression models. ABI ≤0.9 was the primary definition of PAD, but according to recent guidelines we secondarily explored ABI ≤1.0 or &gt;1.4. Results: There were 236 (5.4%) participants with an ABI ≤0.9, among which 119 were not taking statin or aspirin and 151 had reduced leg function (77 having both conditions), leading to 193 (4.4%) participants potentially benefitting from PAD detection with ABI. The corresponding proportion was 12.4% (544) when abnormal ABI was defined as ≤1.0 or &gt;1.4. Older age (per 10 years), black race, and current smoking were strongly associated with higher odds of potentially benefitting from detection of PAD (adjusted odds ratio &gt;2.5). The proportion of benefitting from PAD detection was especially high in current smokers followed by blacks (proportions shown in Figure1). Conclusions: Up to 12.4% of community-dwelling older adults may benefit from PAD detection with ABI. The proportion are especially high among current smokers and black race, with implications on targeted ABI assessment for detecting PAD.
Risk Factors of BK Virus Cystitis in Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation-a Retrospective Monocentric Study
Authors: Eléonore Kaphan, Raphaele Germi, Martin Carre, Claude-Eric Bulabois, Sebastien Bailly, Jean-Yves Cahn, Anne Thiebaut-Bertrand
Journal: Blood (2018)
Comparison of Dual Therapies for Lowering Blood Pressure in Black Africans
Authors: Dike B. Ojji, Bongani Mayosi, Veronica Francis, Motasim Badri, Victoria Cornelius, Wynand Smythe, Nicky Kramer, Felix Barasa, Albertino Damasceno, Anastase Dzudie, Erika Jones, Charles Mondo, Okechukwu Ogah, Elijah Ogola, Mahmoud U. Sani, Gabriel L. Shedul, Grace Shedul, Brian Rayner, Ikechi G. Okpechi, Karen Sliwa, Neil Poulter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

The prevalence of hypertension among black African patients is high, and these patients usually need two or more medications for blood-pressure control. However, the most effective two-drug combination that is currently available for blood-pressure control in these patients has not been established.
A tetrameric protein scaffold as a nano-carrier of antitumor peptides for cancer therapy
Authors: Bohan Ma, Fan Niu, Xiaoyan Qu, Wangxiao He, Chao Feng, Simeng Wang, Zhenlin Ouyang, Jin Yan, Yurong Wen, Dan Xu, Yongping Shao, Peter X. Ma, Wuyuan Lu
Journal: Biomaterials (2019)
Effects of lumpectomy or mastectomy on plasma epoxyeicosatrienoic acid levels in patients with estrogen receptor positive, HER2-negative breast cancer.
Authors: Zhijun Guo, Haitao Chu, Adam C. Berger, Todd M. Tuttle, Richard Zera, Nancy Guttormson, Deborah Nowak, Barbara Jean Bowers, Elizabeth Kerr, Kate Boulanger, Melisa Mordenti, Jeffrey S Miller, Douglas Yee, David Potter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e11563 Background: Epoxides of arachidonic acid called epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have been implicated in the progression of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer. EETs are synthesized by cytochrome P450 enzymes in breast cancer cells. Elevated (±)14,15-EET in breast tumors has been associated with increased expression of CYP enzymes that exhibit epoxygenase activity and decreased soluble epoxide hydrolase. We tested the hypothesis that EETs synthesized by breast tumors are detectible in the plasma of breast cancer patients before surgery and are reduced after lumpectomy or mastectomy. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed ER+ HER2- breast cancer at the Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University who were eligible for lumpectomy or mastectomy were eligible for the study. Plasma was obtained up to two weeks before and 14 to 21 days after lumpectomy or mastectomy. Following extraction, EETs were separated and measured by ESI-LC-MS/MS. Data were analyzed with a linear mixed effects model and P values were adjusted for multiple comparisons. Results: There were 11 evaluable patients in this study. After surgery (±)-8,9-EET was reduced to 0.75 (P = 0.0034) and 0.68-fold pre-surgery levels (P = 0.0054) in two subjects, and (±)-14,15-EET was reduced to 0.61 (P = 0.043) in a third subject. In one subject (±)-8,9-EET was increased to 1.64-fold pre-surgical level (P = 0.0067), (±)-11,12-EET to 1.55-fold (P = 0.018) and (±)-14,15-EET to 1.85-fold (P = 0.0042). Three additional subjects had reductions of EET regioisomers after surgery, but these changes were not significant after correction for multiple comparisons. The remaining 4 patients had no change in EET levels. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that measurement of plasma EETs is feasible in breast cancer patients. There were changes of EET regioisomer levels after surgery in 4 of 11 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer. These results indicate that lumpectomy or mastectomy can be associated with altered plasma EET levels in a subset of ER+HER2- patients, indicating feasibility of a larger study to test this hypothesis. Clinical trial information: NCT01009437.
Abstract 15223: In-Hospital and Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection Managed With Conservative versus Revascularization Strategy: A Meta-Analysis of Current Evidence
Authors: Anmol Pitliya, Michael Gibson, Malissa J Wood, Jessica M Duran, Shilpa Sharma, Ihsan Kaadan, Francesca Ponzini, Shelly Mishra, Umer Jamil, Adeel Jamil, Sadaf Sharfaei, Sargun Walia, Sudarshana Datta, Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz, Mehrian Jafarizde, Farima Kahe, Nathan Michalak, Yuyin Liu, Gerald Chi
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Optimal treatment approach for spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) remains unclear. Objectives: The study aims to compare in-hospital and long-term clinical outcomes of SCAD p...
Effect of Chemotherapy With Docetaxel With Androgen Suppression and Radiotherapy for Localized High-Risk Prostate Cancer: The Randomized Phase III NRG Oncology RTOG 0521 Trial
Authors: Seth A. Rosenthal, Chen Hu, Oliver Sartor, Leonard G. Gomella, Mahul B. Amin, James Purdy, Jeff M. Michalski, Mark G. Garzotto, Nadeem Pervez, Alexander G. Balogh, George B. Rodrigues, Luis Souhami, M. Neil Reaume, Scott G. Williams, Raquibul Hannan, Eric M. Horwitz, Adam Raben, Christopher A. Peters, Felix Y. Feng, William U. Shipley, Howard M. Sandler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

Radiotherapy (RT) plus long-term androgen suppression (AS) are a standard treatment option for patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer. We hypothesized that docetaxel chemotherapy (CT) could improve overall survival (OS) and clinical outcomes among patients with high-risk prostate cancer.
Abstract P292: Almond Consumption Increases Satiety Hormones Relative to a High-Carbohydrate Food but Has Minimal Impact on Body Composition: A Pilot Study in Black and Hispanic Adults
Authors: Ayanna Campbell, Arindam RoyChoudhury, Marie-Pierre St-Onge
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Epidemiological studies show that nut consumers have lower body weight than non-consumers. Individuals who consume more tree nuts have lower odds of obesity and metabolic syndrome than those who are low tree nut consumers. In clinical intervention studies, nut consumption has been shown to lower abdominal adiposity and improving weight loss relative to a low-fat/high-carbohydrate (LF/HC) control food. Those studies, however, have been conducted predominantly in White, non-Hispanic populations. Interestingly, minority adults, who have the highest prevalence of obesity and experience cardio-metabolic health disparities, have low nut intakes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of almond consumption, relative to an energy-matched LF/HC control food, on weight status and adiposity in Blacks and Hispanics. We hypothesized that 24 wk of almond consumption would improve appetite regulation and body composition in Blacks and Hispanics. Twenty-nine adults (17 completers: 9 men and 8 women), BMI &gt;25 kg/m 2 , age 30-65 y, were recruited and randomized to consume either almonds or LF/HC cereal bars providing 17.5% of their estimated energy requirements. Outcome variables were measured at baseline, week 12, and endpoint. Peptide YY concentrations were higher in the almond group compared to LF/HC (time x treatment interaction at 12 wk, P&lt;0.001; 24 wk, P=0.13). Similarly, glucagon-like peptide 1 concentrations were higher in the almond group compared to LF/HC (time x treatment interaction at 12 wk, P=0.10; 24 wk, P=0.015). However, ghrelin levels decreased in LF/HC compared to the almond group at 12 wk but not 24 wk (time x treatment interaction at 12 wk, P=0.017; 24 wk, P=0.23). There was a slight trend for a time x treatment interaction on body weight (P=0.14; change in almond=0.6±1.8 kg; LF/HC=1.9±2.7 kg). There was a time x treatment interaction on inter-muscular adipose tissue (P=0.013; change in almond=-0.10±0.14 cm 3 ; LF/HC=0.04±0.07 cm 3 ). There was no effect of almond or LF/HC consumption on inflammatory markers concentrations (interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor; all p&gt;0.18). Daily almond intake for 24 wk, in the context of a usual diet, does not induce profound body composition changes, but may ameliorate appetite and ectopic fat deposition. More studies should be performed in minority population to determine the potential effects of specific foods for weight management in the context of a weight loss diet.
Risk of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN) with early discontinuation of pegfilgrastim prophylaxis (PEG-P) in U.S. clinical practice.
Authors: Derek Weycker, Xiaoyan Li, Richard L. Barron, Yanli Li, Maureen Reiner, Alex Kartashov, Jacqueline Figueredo, Jacob Garcia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e17750 Background: Evidence suggests that not all cancer chemotherapy patients (pts) who receive first-cycle PEG-P continue to receive it in later cycles, and evidence from a recent clinical trial suggests that these pts may be subsequently at higher risk of FN (Aarts, J Clin Oncol 2013). Additional evidence from US clinical practice on “early discontinuation” of PEG-P and its implications is warranted. Methods: A matched-cohort design and US private healthcare claims data (2006-2013) were employed. Source population comprised adults who received “intermediate-risk” or “high-risk” chemotherapy regimens for solid cancers and first-cycle PEG-P. From source population, all pts who did not receive second-cycle PEG-P (
Liver Injury after Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: DILI and SOS
Authors: Alessandro de Moura Almeida, Helma Pinchemel Cotrim, Dayanne Costa Fonseca, Dora Marcia Alencar, Daniela Dourado Dutra, Herbert Henrique de Melo Santos, Monica Botura, Marco Aurelio Salvino, Maria da Gloria Bomfim Arruda
Journal: Blood (2018)
Characteristics and outcomes of breast cancer patients with leptomeningeal metastasis at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC).
Authors: Aki Morikawa, Lilly Jordan, Raquel Rozner, Sujata Patil, Adrienne Ann Boire, Elena Pentsova, Andrew David Seidman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

2026 Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common solid tumors with metastases to the leptomeninges. Disease presentation, prognostic factors, and treatment patterns for BC patients (pts) with leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) are not well-characterized. In this study, we examined pt characteristics and outcomes of BC pts with LM. Methods: 318 consecutive BC pts diagnosed with LM from January 1998 to December 2013 were identified. Clinical, pathologic, and treatment information were obtained by retrospective review. Pt characteristics at the time of LM diagnosis (dx) and their associations with time from LM dx to death or last follow up were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazard models. Results: The median age at LM dx was 54 years (range 23-85). Of the 318 pts, 44% were HR+HER2-,18% HR+HER2+, 8.5% HR-HER2+, and 25.5% triple negative;4% had missing information. 43% had cranial LM only, 26% had only spinal LM, and 26% had both; 5% were unspecified due to missing imaging information in either the spinal or cranial compartment. At the time of LM dx, 53% of pts had concurrent progression of non-CNS metastases. LM specific treatment included intrathecal/intraventricular therapy (14.5%), radiotherapy (64%), and IV high-dose methotrexate (20%). There were 292 deaths. The median follow-up for survivors was 10.1 mos (range 0.8 - 93.6). The median survival (OS) from LM dx was 3.5 mos (95% CI: 3.0, 4.0) with 63 pts (20%) surviving > 1 year. Recent diagnosis (after 2006), HER2+ subtype, higher KPS ( > 70), cranial site of LM, and control of extra-CNS disease were independently associated with improved OS in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Unexpectedly, the site of LM was an independent prognostic factor. This may be related to biologic, diagnostic, or treatment factors and needs further confirmation. Control of extra-CNS disease, KPS and receptor subtypes should be stratification variables for future clinical trials for LM. Although OS is poor, we have identified a subset of pts who had extended survival ( > 1 year). A closer examination to identify factors that contribute to longer-term survival may provide insight to improve management of these pts.
IMPACT of putative chemopreventative agents on prostate cancer diagnosis.
Authors: Hanan Goldberg, Faizan Moshin, Zachary William Abraham Klaassen, Thenappan Chandrasekar, Christopher J.D. Wallis, Jaime Omar Herrera Cáceres, Ardalan Ahmed, Shabbir M.H. Alibhai, Alejandro Berlin, Refik Saskin, Robert James Hamilton, Neil Eric Fleshner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

e16553 Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common non-cutaneous cancer in men and the third most common cause of cancer death in males. Several studies have shown that use of commonly prescribed medications, is associated with improved survival in various malignancies, including PC. There has not been any large population-based study, examining the effects of these and other commonly prescribed medications, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPI), on the rate of PC diagnosis, PC advanced disease and PC-specific death. Methods: A retrospective population-based study using data from the institute of clinical evaluative sciences, including all male patients aged 65 and above in Ontario who have had a negative first prostate biopsy between 1994 and 2016. We assessed the impact of commonly prescribed medications on PC outcomes. The analyzed medications included Statins (hydrophilic and hydrophobic), most commonly used diabetes drugs (metformin, insulins, sulfonylureas, and thizolidinedions), PPIs, 5 alpha reductase inhibitors, and alpha blockers. Time dependent Cox regression proportional hazards models were performed to determine predictors of PC diagnosis, PC advanced disease (defined as usage of hormonal therapy), and PC-specific death. Medication exposure was time varying and modelled as “ever” vs. “never” use or as cumulative exposure. Results: A total of 21,562 men were analyzed over a mean (SD) follow-up time of 8.06 (5.44) years. Overall, 5,187 patients (24%) were diagnosed with PC, 7861 (36.5%) had died, and 647 (3%) died of PC. On multivariable analysis usage of hydrophilic statins modelled as “ever vs. never” was associated with a lower diagnosis rate (OR 0.832, 95% CI 0.732-0.946, p = 0.005) and a significantly decreased PC-specific death (OR 0.676, 95% CI 0.528-0.871, p = 0.0024). In contrast, Pantoprazole was associated with a higher rate of advanced PC disease when modelled as cumulative exposure of 6 months (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.003-1.06, P = 0.031), and PC-specific death, when modeled as “ever vs. never” (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.02-1.576, p = 0.031). Conclusions: Hydrophilic statins were associated with a clinically and statistically significant lower PC diagnosis and PC-specific death, while pantoprazole was associated with a higher rate of advanced PC disease and PC-specific death.
Abstract P010: Do the Pooled Cohort Equations Accurately Predict Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Older Adults?
Authors: Michael Nanna, Eric Peterson, Daniel Wojdyla, Ann Marie Navar
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: The ACC/AHA Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE), derived using data from adults ages 40-79, have not been evaluated for accuracy among older adults. Methods: We evaluated 2,667 adults aged ≥75 years without known ASCVD in the NIH pooled cohorts (Framingham, Framingham offspring, MESA, &amp; CHS), stratified by number of major risk factors [smoking, diabetes, lipids (LDL≥130 mg/dL or on lipid-lowering therapy), and BP (≥140/90 mmHg or on BP medication)]. Observed vs. predicted 5-year ASCVD event rates were compared across strata. We also evaluated 5-year PCE model performance overall. Results: At the group level, the PCE somewhat overestimated risk across all strata in Kaplan Meier analysis: observed versus expected was 7.0% vs. 11.0%, (p=0.005) for those with no risk factors (N=429), 12.5% vs. 15.4%, (p&lt;0.001) for those with 1 risk factor (N=1,179), 14.7% vs. 18.4 % (p=0.003) for those with 2 risk factors (N=908), and 24.2% vs. 25.1 % (p=0.54) for those with 3+ risk factors (N=151). The Figure shows the performance of the PCE by decile of predicted risk. In the figure, risk-overestimation appears to be driven by over-estimation of risk in the highest deciles of risk, rather than those at low predicted risk. Conclusion: The PCE can be used to risk-stratify older adults. However, it may over-predict risk, especially in those at the top quartile of risk.
Abstract P026: Sex Differences in the Association Between Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Olatokunbo I Osibogun, Oluseye Ogunmoroti, Eve-Marie Benson, Martin Tibuakuu, Erin D Michos
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Several biomarkers have been shown to be useful clinical tools for the early detection and prognostication of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) among women and men. The American Heart Association Life’s Simple 7 metrics are a useful construct for the promotion of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH). However, little is known about sex differences in the relation of CVH with these CVD-related biomarkers. We examined the association between CVH and CVD-related biomarkers among women and men free of clinical CVD. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 5,388 participants aged 45 to 84 years enrolled in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. The CVH score ranged from 0 to 14 and was derived from 7 metrics (smoking, body mass index, physical activity, diet, total cholesterol, blood pressure and blood glucose). Each metric category was scored as 0 points (poor), 1 point (intermediate) and 2 points (ideal). The CVD-related biomarkers (C-reactive protein, D-dimer, fibrinogen, homocysteine, cardiac troponin T and NT-proBNP) were logarithmically transformed for the analyses. We examined the association between the CVH score (higher score = more favorable) and CVD-related biomarkers using multivariable linear regression. Results: Mean age (SD) was 62 (10) and 52% were women. In adjusted regression analyses, higher CVH scores were associated with lower concentrations of all biomarkers, except for NT-proBNP where there was a positive association (Table). For example, in the overall population, a 1-unit increment in the CVH score corresponded to a 0.13 mg/L lower log (CRP) concentration. Interactions by sex for all biomarkers examined were significant at p &lt;0.001, but results were qualitatively similar between women and men. Conclusion: A more favorable CVH score was associated with lower levels of multiple CVD-related biomarkers for women and men, except for NT-proBNP. These data suggest that promotion of ideal CVH would have similarly favorable impact on the reduction of biomarkers of risk among both women and men
Clinical outcome and prognostic factors at baseline among patients included in a phase II trial: The SBP2 study.
Authors: Thomas Grellety, Pauline Bosco-Levy, Stephanie Hoppe, Damien Joly, Nicolas Penel, Sophie Cousin, Simone Mathoulin-Pélissier, Antoine Italiano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e17713 Background: “Life expectancy > 12 weeks” is a frequent inclusion criterion in phase 2 study protocols despite its subjective nature. The aim of this study is to identify predictive factors of early death in patients included in phase 2 studies. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of all adult patients with advanced solid tumors and included in phase 2 clinical trials investigating anti-cancer drugs at Bergonié Institute between 01/2008 and 12/2012. Patient’s baseline demographics, biological parameters and disease characteristics were analyzed. Overall survival (OS) was calculated (Kaplan Meier), from the date of patient’s inclusion in their respective trial. Predictive factors (baseline characteristics) associated with 3-months OS were identified using logistic regression after adjustment and were used to create the SBP2 score. Results: 303 patients were included in 51 trials. Mean age was 61.3 (±14.20) years old. Primary tumors were sarcomas (123, 40.6%), urological (78, 25.7%), gastrointestinal (54, 17.8%), breast (29, 9.6%) or others (19, 6.3%). 241 patients (79.5%) had two or less metastasis sites at inclusion and treatment were well balanced between targeted therapy (149, 49.2%) and chemotherapy based regimens (154, 50.8%). Median follow-up was 17 months (IQR, 0.0 to 77.0). OS at 3-months was 87.8% (95%CI [83.5; 91.0]) and off trial rate due to toxicity was 10.7% (32/303). ‘Sufficient life expectancy’ inclusion criterion is not associated with 3-months OS (OR 0.6, 95%CI [0.2; 1.2], p = 0.2325). Predictors of reduced 3-months OS in multivariate analysis were an ECOG (PS) of 2 (OR 13.3, 95%CI [4.1; 43.4]), hyperleucocytosis (OR 5.5, 95%CI [1.9; 16.3]) and anemia (OR 2.8, 95%CI [1.1; 7.1]). Based on those factors, the SBP2 risk score seems demonstrate that patients with 2 or 3 factors present earlier death (13/32, 40.6% and 5/5, 100%) than those with 0 or 1 (5/181, 2.8% and 14/84, 16.7%). Our model has a good discriminatory accuracy, AUC = 0.81. Validation on an independent cohort is ongoing and will be presented. Conclusions: The SPB2 score is a three-parameter score allowing investigators to identify patients with poor life expectancy and who may not benefit from an investigational therapy.