tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Survival analysis of adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 plus cisplatin for stage III gastric cancer.
Authors: Daisuke Takahari, Tetsuya Hamaguchi, Kenichi Yoshimura, Hitoshi Katai, Seiji Ito, Nozomu Fuse, Taira Kinoshita, Hirofumi Yasui, Masanori Terashima, Masahiro Gotoh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

107 Background: The efficacy of S-1 for stage II-III gastric cancer has been shown. However, the survival of stage III remains unsatisfactory (the 3-year recurrence free survival rates in stage IIIA and IIIB receiving S-1 were 68.0% and 49.8%, respectively). We already reported the feasibility of S-1 plus cisplatin as adjuvant chemotherapy for Stage III gastric cancer after curative resection (ASCO-GI 2009, Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2011). Here we evaluate the recurrence and survival as secondary endpoints. Methods: Japanese patients with stage III gastric cancer who underwent D2 gastrectomy were enrolled. Treatment consisted of 3 cycles of S-1 (40 mg/m 2 po) twice daily on days 1-21 and CDDP (60 mg/m 2 iv) on day 8 and S-1 monotherapy was given on days 1-28 every 6 weeks until 1 year post surgery. Results: From August 2007 to September 2009, 63 patients were accrued. 35 patients were stage IIIA, the rest 28 patients were IIIB. After a median follow-up 2.9 years, 15 patients experienced recurrence, and 12 patients died. The 3-year recurrence free survival rate was 76.4% (95%CI:63.0-85.4%, IIIA 88.8%, IIIB 60.1%). The 3-year overall survival rate was 78.5% (95%CI:63.4-87.9%, IIIA 85.0%, IIIB 71.9%). The site of recurrence was mainly peritoneum (n=10), liver (n=3), and lymph node (n=3). Conclusions: Our results indicated that adjuvant therapy with S-1 plus 3 cycles of cisplatin may reduce recurrence and improve survival of stage III gastric cancer. This treatment should be considered as an experimental arm comparing with S-1 monotherapy for the next postoperative adjuvant phase III trial.
Association of Nondiscrimination Policies With Mental Health Among Gender Minority Individuals
Authors: Alex McDowell, Julia Raifman, Ana M. Progovac, Sherri Rose
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2020)

In the past decade, many states have implemented policies prohibiting private health insurers from discriminating based on gender identity. Policies banning discrimination have the potential to improve access to care and health outcomes among gender minority (ie, transgender and gender diverse) populations.To evaluate whether state-level nondiscrimination policies are associated with suicidality and inpatient mental health hospitalizations among privately insured gender minority individuals.In this cohort study, difference-in-differences analysis comparing changes in mental health outcomes among gender minority enrollees before and after states implemented nondiscrimination policies in 2009-2017 was conducted. A sample of gender minority children and adults was identified using gender minority-related diagnosis codes obtained from private health insurance claims. The present study was conducted from August 1, 2018, to September 1, 2019.Living in states that implemented policies banning discrimination based on gender identity in 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016.The primary outcome was suicidality. The secondary outcome was inpatient mental health hospitalization.The study population included 28 980 unique gender minority enrollees (mean [SD] age, 26.5 [15] years) from 2009 to 2017. Relative to comparison states, suicidality decreased in the first year after policy implementation in the 2014 policy cohort (odds ratio [OR], 0.72; 95% CI, 0.58-0.90; P = .005), the 2015 policy cohort (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.39-0.64; P < .001), and the 2016 policy cohort (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.44-0.85; P = .004). This decrease persisted to the second postimplementation year for the 2014 policy cohort (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.41-0.57; P < .001) but not for the 2015 policy cohort (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.47-1.38; P = .43). The 2013 policy cohort experienced no significant change in suicidality after policy implementation in all 4 postimplementation years (2014: OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.85-1.67; P = .31; 2015: OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.73-1.20; P = .61; 2016: OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.65-1.03; P = .10; and 2017: OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.90-1.88; P = .18). Mental health hospitalization rates generally decreased or stayed the same for individuals living in policy states vs the comparison group.Implementation of a state-level nondiscrimination policy appears to be associated with decreased or no changes in suicidality among gender minority individuals living in states that implemented these policies from 2013 to 2016. Given high rates of suicidality among gender minority individuals in the US, health insurance nondiscrimination policies may offer a mechanism for reducing barriers to care and mitigating discrimination.
Raltegravir versus efavirenz in antiretroviral-naive pregnant women living with HIV (NICHD P1081): an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 4 trial
Authors: Esaú C João, R Leavitt Morrison, David E Shapiro, Nahida Chakhtoura, Maria Isabel S Gouvèa, Maria de Lourdes B Teixeira, Trevon L Fuller, Blandina T Mmbaga, James S Ngocho, Boniface N Njau, Avy Violari, Ruth Mathiba, Zaakirah Essack, Jose Henrique S Pilotto, Luis Felipe Moreira, Maria Jose Rolon, Pedro Cahn, Sinart Prommas, Timothy R Cressey, Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit, Peerawong Werarak, Lauren Laimon, Roslyn Hennessy, Lisa M Frenkel, Patricia Anthony, Brookie M Best, George K Siberry, Mark Mirochnick
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2020)
PTH-020 Endoscopic mucosal resection: evaluation of a single centre outcome
Authors: Subashini Chandrapalan, Tracy Wood, James Crosbie, John Painter
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> EMR has been well accepted as one of the management options for superficial colorectal tumours requiring minimal invasion, better patient tolerance and significantly lower morbidity compared to surgery. However, lesions≥20 mm can be tricky. <h3>Method</h3> Retrospective medical record analysis was performed for a period of 24 months between Jan 2015 – Dec 2016. The data was collected on patient demographics, polyp characteristics, complications and follow up endoscopy at the 3 months and 12 months intervals where applicable. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 212 patients had 264 procedures. The mean age of the population was 68. All of the procedures were performed by experienced endoscopists using hot/cold snare and Methylene blue/Volplex solution. 22 (8%) of all polypectomies were ≥40 mm in size. The rate of complications in accordance with polyp size and colonic sites are illustrated below (table 1 and 2). The perforation was managed with endoclips and required a day of admission. The immediate bleeding had been managed with clipping ±adrenaline injection. The overall 30 days mortality was zero. 9 (4%) patients had prophylactic endoclips. The adenocarcinoma detection rate was 2.8% (6) and all of them had had either repeat scope at the 3 and 12 months intervals or had surgery. 12 (5.6%) had tubular/tubulovillous adenoma with high grade dysplasia. 8 (66%) of these patients had repeat scope at 3 months, whilst 1 (8%) underwent surgery and 3 (25%) made an informed choice to not have further colonoscopic examination. Our rescope rate for the polyp size ≥20 mm at 3 months and 12 months was 69% and 78% respectively. The main reasons for not having the scope were either patient choice or having surgery/other forms of cancer treatment. <h3>Conclusions</h3> EMR is an effective and safe approach in the expert hands for the management of colonic polyps. The role of prophylactic endoclips is still unclear in reducing the risk of post-procedural bleeding and it is highly dependent on the operator's preference and experience. Total character count 2817.
A Healthy Dose of Price Transparency in US Health Care Services
Authors: Hillary E. Jenny, Brenna E. Jenny
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Antipyrine clearance and response to interferon treatment in patients with chronic active hepatitis C*1, *2
Authors: S COVERDALE
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

To determine whether hepatic metabolic function affects the response to interferon treatment, we measured antipyrine clearance (APC) in 85 patients with chronic active hepatitis C and compared the results with treatment outcome. Among 55 patients who responded to interferon by normalization of alanine transaminase (ALT), median APC before treatment was 0.47 (range, 0.12 to 0.98; normal range, 0.34 to 1.02 mL/min/kg body wt), a value that was significantly greater than in 30 nonresponders (0.23; 0.08 to 0.67 mL/min/kg body wt, P < .001). APC was closely associated with response to interferon. The response rate among cases with values >0.25 mLmin/kg body weight was 79%, the same as in cases without cirrhosis. Cases without cirrhosis and with APC of >0.25 mLmin/kg body weight had an 85% chance of responding to interferon; this was unlikely a simple reflection of histological activity, because the correlation with Scheuer score was poor in this subgroup (r = −.31, P < .05). A second, independent group of 43 patients was used to test the predictive value of APC (using 0.25 mLmin/kg body wt as a cut-off) for response to interferon treatment. In this group, APC correctly predicted positive response to interferon in 75% of cases. APC was also used to measure the effects of treatment on hepatic metabolic function. Regardless of outcome, there was no change in APC at the end of a 6 month course of interferon treatment. Six months later, however, improvement in APC (14%; P < .05) was evident among responders but not in those who had failed to respond to interferon. In patients who continued to have normal ALT (18 of 19 tested were also nonviremic), the improvement in APC was sustained for at least 24 months, whereas among relapsers (defined by ALT increase), APC eventually declined to be less than the pretreatment value at 24 months. It is concluded that pretreatment APC is a powerful positive predictor of responsiveness to interferon treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C, indicating that good hepatic metabolic function may be important in determining the effectiveness of interferon treatment. Furthermore, changes in hepatic metabolic function after apparently successful treatment, at least as determined by APC, appear to be subtle, delayed in onset, and maintained only in those who remain in biochemical remission.
Variation in Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing for Acute Respiratory Infections in the Veteran Population
Authors: Barbara Ellen Jones, Brian Sauer, Makoto M. Jones, Jose Campo, Kavitha Damal, Tao He, Jian Ying, Tom Greene, Matthew Bidwell Goetz, Melinda M. Neuhauser, Lauri A. Hicks, Matthew H. Samore
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Prescribing antibiotics for acute respiratory infections contributes to overall overuse. In this cross-sectional study, the authors examined the trends in antibiotic prescribing for acute respirato...
Dominance of M1UK clade among Dutch M1 Streptococcus pyogenes
Authors: Lidewij W Rümke, Brechje de Gier, Stefan M T Vestjens, Arie van der Ende, Nina M van Sorge, Bart J M Vlaminckx, Sandra Witteveen, Marga van Santen, Leo M Schouls, Ed J Kuijper
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020)
The costs associated with eczema in childhood
Authors: M. Olsson, R. Bajpai, L.W.Y. Wee, Y.W. Yew, M.J.A. Koh, S. Thng, J. Car, K. Järbrink
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Atopic dermatitis, commonly known as eczema, is a common childhood skin disease that reduces quality of life due to itching, sleep disturbances and its impact on emotional wellbeing. Worldwide the disease affects between one and 25 in 100 children. In Singapore it has been estimated that around one in five children have atopic dermatitis. This study was undertaken in Singapore to understand how much atopic dermatitis costs the healthcare sector and families, and if there is any connection between costs, background factors and disease severity. Children 16 years or younger diagnosed with atopic dermatitis and their legal caregivers were recruited at two skin disease specialist clinics to fill in a questionnaire. The questionnaire asked about previous healthcare visits, medications used, caregivers’ time spent on caring for their child's atopic dermatitis, and other expenditures related to the disease. Costs were summarised and compared across type of cost, disease severity, ethnicities, and so on. The authors found that the largest cost was for caregivers’ time spent caring for their child's atopic dermatitis and expenses for items such as non‐medical creams. The study shows that atopic dermatitis is a disease that costs the family more than the healthcare system and is strongly related to disease severity. This information is important for policymakers and other healthcare planners when considering how to better support affected families.This is a summary of the study: The cost of childhood atopic dermatitis in a multi‐ethnic Asian population: a cost‐of‐illness study.
Unusual case of a large small-bowel enteroenteric fistula successfully closed using purse-string sutures
Authors: Jun Yao, Li-sheng Wang, De-feng Li, Su-zhu Zhu, Zheng-lei Xu
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

A 28-year-old man was diagnosed with colonic Crohn’s disease with previous symptoms of diarrhea, weight loss, and vomiting 8 years ago. He was continually prescribed sulfasalazine (3 g/day) from the first diagnosis. During the medication period, these symptoms were successfully relieved. However, he was readmitted to our hospital 1 week ago with complaints of refractory diarrhea and vomiting.
The ERS approach to e-cigarettes is entirely rational
Authors: Andrew Bush, Jayesh Mahendra Bhatt, Will Carroll, Frances Child, Gary Connett, Iolo Doull, Francis Gilchrist, Jonathan Grigg, Simon Langton-Hewer, Julian Legg, Warren Lenney, James Paton, Michael Shields, Ian Sinha
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

The call for the European Respiratory Society (ERS) to change their e-cigarette and vaping policy, from honourable people with decades of experience fighting the evils of tobacco, is unfortunately misconceived. The three issues of greatest concern are acute toxicity, chronic toxicity and, most importantly, the effects on children and young people. The efficacy of e-cigarettes as an adjunct to smoking cessation are outwith the expertise of paediatric specialists, but we would ask for assurances that any benefits really do outweigh the risks to children and young people (below). Our comments on these key issues are as follows: The ERS has the right approach to e-cigarettes <https://bit.ly/3ax72oe>
A viscoelastic PEGylated poly(glycerol sebacate)-based bilayer scaffold for cartilage regeneration in full-thickness osteochondral defect
Authors: Dan Lin, Bolei Cai, Le Wang, Lisha Cai, Zihao Wang, Jirong Xie, Qian-xin Lv, Yuan Yuan, Changsheng Liu, Steve GF. Shen
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
Evaluation of the Detection of Elder Mistreatment Through Emergency Care Technicians Project Screening Tool
Authors: Brad Cannell, Melvin Livingston, Jason Burnett, Megin Parayil, Jennifer M. Reingle Gonzalez
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Elder mistreatment is underdetected and underreported. The more than 800 000 medics providing services in every county in the United States represent an important and underused surveillance system. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate the association between the Detection of Elder Mistreatment Through Emergency Care Technician (DETECT) screening tool use and the number of medic reports made to Adult Protective Services (APS) over a period of approximately 3 years. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This quality improvement study used a difference in difference in differences design and included adults aged 65 years and older who were reported to Texas APS in the study region (246 cities in Denton, Johnson, and Tarrant Counties) between December 31, 2014, and February 28, 2018. <h3>Exposures</h3> The DETECT screening tool. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Reports to APS. <h3>Results</h3> The mean (SD) age of the 11 178 older adults included in this study was 76 (8) years (range, 65-105 years); there was no reported data on patient sex. A total of 18 080 reports of elder mistreatment were recorded. Medics within the study region reported more cases of elder mistreatment during the implementation of the screening tool (relative risk [RR], 4.14; 95% CI, 3.25-5.27). After adjusting for changes in the number of elder mistreatment reports in the comparison groups (ie, underlying changes in reporting trends), the number of reports to APS increased (RR, 3.03; 95% CI, 2.06-4.46). The occurrence of elder mistreatment was validated in 83% (95% CI, 75%-91%) of the reports investigated by APS during the periods when medics did not have access to the screening tool compared with 82% (95% CI, 77%-87%) during the periods when medics had access to the screening tool, indicating that there were no differences in the proportion of reports that resulted in a validated APS investigation. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> The findings suggest that incorporating the DETECT screening tool into the routine practices of medics is associated with substantial increases in the frequency with which clinicians report potential cases of elder mistreatment to APS.
Presenilin-1 polymorphism and Alzheimer's disease
Authors: WilliamK. Scott, AllenD. Roses, JonathanL. Haines, MargaretA. Pericak-Vance, J. Pérez-Tur, F. Wavrant-De Vrieze, J.C. Lambert, M-C. Chartier-Harlin, None the Alzheimer's Study Group
Journal: The Lancet (1996)
Stigmatizing Language About Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome—Reply
Authors: C. Nicholas Cuneo
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A S100A14-CCL2/CXCL5 signaling axis drives breast cancer metastasis
Authors: Xukun Li, Minjie Wang, Tongyang Gong, Xuemeng Lei, Ting Hu, Maoqing Tian, Fang Ding, Fei Ma, Hongyan Chen, Zhihua Liu
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Rationale: Chemokines contribute to cancer metastasis and have long been regarded as attractive therapeutic targets for cancer. However, controversy exists about whether neutralizing chemokines by antibodies promotes or inhibits tumor metastasis, suggesting that the approach to directly target chemokines needs to be scrutinized. Methods: Transwell assay, mouse metastasis experiments and survival analysis were performed to determine the functional role of S100A14 in breast cancer. RNA-Seq, secreted proteomics, ChIP, Western blot, ELISA, transwell assay and neutralizing antibody experiments were employed to investigate the underlying mechanism of S100A14 in breast cancer metastasis. Immunohistochemistry and ELISA were performed to examine the expression and serum levels of S100A14, CCL2 and CXCL5, respectively. Results: Overexpression of S100A14 significantly enhanced migration, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells. In contrast, knockout of S100A14 exhibited the opposite effects. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that S100A14 promotes breast cancer metastasis by upregulating the expression and secretion of CCL2 and CXCL5 via NF-κB mediated transcription. The clinical sample analyses showed that S100A14 expression is strongly associated with CCL2/CXCL5 expression and high expression of these three proteins is correlated with worse clinical outcomes. Notably, the serum levels of S100A14, CCL2/CXCL5 have significant diagnostic value for discerning breast cancer patients from healthy individuals. Conclusions: S100A14 is significantly upregulated in breast cancer, it can promote breast cancer metastasis by increasing the expression and secretion of CCL2/CXCL5 via RAGE-NF-κB pathway. And S100A14 has the potential to serve as a serological marker for diagnosis of breast cancer. Collectively, we identify S100A14 as an upstream regulator of CCL2/CXCL5 signaling and a metastatic driver of breast cancer.
HLA-G and MHC Class II Protein Expression in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Dorota Jesionek-Kupnicka, Marcin Bojo, Monika Prochorec-Sobieszek, Anna Szumera-Cieckiewicz, Joanna Jablonska, Ewa Kalinka-Warzocha, Radzislaw Kordek, Wojciech Mlynarski, Tadeusz Robak, Krzysztof Warzocha, Ewa Lech-Maranda
Journal: Blood (2014)
SHMT inhibition is effective and synergizes with methotrexate in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Juan C. García-Cañaveras, Olga Lancho, Gregory S. Ducker, Jonathan M. Ghergurovich, Xincheng Xu, Victoria da Silva-Diz, Sonia Minuzzo, Stefano Indraccolo, Hahn Kim, Daniel Herranz, Joshua D. Rabinowitz
Journal: Leukemia (2020)