tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 141: Defibrillation Protocol Update Neurologically Intact Survival for Patients With Out-Of-Hospital Shockable Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Akihiro Tani, Ken Nagao, Yoshio Tahara, Hiroshi Nonogi, Naohiro Yonemoto, David Gaieski, Noritoshi Ito, Tsukasa Yagi, Nobutaka Chiba, Eizo Tachibana, Naoki Sato, Takanori Ikeda
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: A series of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) maneuvers of the CoSTR has been updated since first international guidelines was published in 2000. We investigated whether CPR, especially defibrillation protocol, based on the CoSTR update improves neurologically intact survival after shockable out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Methods: From the All-Japan Utstein Registry between 2005 and 2015, we enrolled adult patients with witnessed shockable OHCA. Study patients were divided into 3 groups according to each CPR recommendation era (the Guidelines 2000 group in 2005; 3-stacked-shock protocol era, CoSTR 2005 group between 2006 and 2010; 1-shock protocol [1 shock immediately followed by 2 minutes of CPR] era, and the CoSTR 2010 group between 2006 and 2010; simplified dispatcher chest compressions instruction and 1-shock protocol era). Primary endpoint was favorable 30-day neurological outcome after OHCA. Results: Of the 73,578 study patients, 5,575 (7.6%) received CPR based on the Guidelines 2000, 32,749 (44.5%) the CoSTR 2005, and 35,255 (47.9%) the CoSTR 2010. Crude frequency of favorable 30-day neurological outcome increased significantly whenever the CPR maneuvers were updated (12.3% in the Guidelines 2000 group vs. 19.3% in the CoSTR 2005 group vs. 23.3% in the CoSTR 2010 group, p&lt;0.001). Multivariable logistic-regression analysis for favorable 30-day neurological outcome showed that adjusted odds ratio (reference, the Guidelines 2000 group) was 1.89 (95% CI, 1.72-2.07) in the CoSTR 2005 group and 2.71 (95% CI, 2.47-2.97) in the CoSTR 2010 group. Other independent predictors were age, sex, collapse-to-CPR interval, call-to-scene interval, witnessed and/or bystander CPR status, and cause of cardiac arrest. On the other hand, some advanced life support maneuvers were not acceptable; adjusted odds ratio of 0.37 (95%CI, 0.35-0.39) in advanced airway management (reference, bug-mask ventilation) and 0.36 (95%CI, 0.33-0.38) in intravenous epinephrine (reference, no epinephrine). Conclusions: Defibrillation protocol update based on the CoSTR was the preferable approach to resuscitation for adult patients with witnessed shockable OHCA. However, prehospital epinephrine and advanced airway management were not helpful.
卫生信息学基础知识（四）继续教育：在工作中学习
Authors: Jeremy, Wyatt, Frank, Sullivan, 邢刚（译）, 刘昕超（校）
Journal: BMJ (2006)

生物医学相关知识的数量每过20年就会增加一倍，我们可以想象，当学生们从医学院毕业时，各种新型药物（如磷酸二酯酶4抑制剂）可能也问世了；当医生们结束专业训练进入实际工作中时，他们就会遇到知识老化的危险。因此，医学继续教育或者职业继续拓展活动可以帮助医生不断地学习和提高技能。这些活动包括讲课、会议、远程教育、每周大查房、期刊俱乐部和利用互联网。在很多国家，医生若想继续行医就必须具有参加过这些活动的证明。尽管这些活动可以增长知识，但它们对临床实践的影响却不尽相同。
NHS staff and patients urged to get vaccinated as flu season starts early
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2019)

NHS services are braced for a tough winter after figures showed that hospitalisation rates from flu doubled last week.

Figures1 from Public Health England (PHE) show that the hospitalisation rate from influenza was “at moderate intensity” for the week ending 5 December, rising from 2.8 admissions per 100 000 people to 4.31.

The intensive care unit and high dependency unit (ICU/HDU) admission rate for laboratory confirmed influenza was above baseline levels, with a rate of 0.15 per 100 000 compared with 0.08 per 100 000 the previous week.

As of 5 …
Absence of Spred1, a Negative Regulator of Ras/MAPK Pathway, as a Mechanism Responsible for the Constitutive Activation of RTK Mediated Signalling in Acute Leukemias.
Authors: Daniela Cilloni, Enrico Bracco, Ilaria Defilippi, Francesca Messa, Sonia Carturan, Daniela Di Giovanni, Francesca Arruga, Valentina Rosso, Renata Catalano, Emanuela Messa, Alessandro Morotti, Anna Serra, Giuseppe Saglio
Journal: Blood (2005)
正常血压和血清胆固醇的临界值 临界值低意味着在50岁以上的人群中，90％的人将被视为患者
Authors: Steinar, Westin, lona, Heath, 李崇剑（译）, 高润霖（校）
Journal: BMJ (2005)

血压和血清胆固醇是心血管疾病最常见的生物学危险因素，近些年来医疗界围绕其“正常”低限值的争论愈演愈烈。这在1999年表现得最为公开化。那时，来自42个国家的800多名临床医师、药剂师以及科学家们向当时的世界卫生组织（WHO）总干事GroHarlem Brundtland签署了一封公开信，概述了以下担忧，那就是，WHO制定的新高血压指南将导致抗高血压药物的应用增加，医疗费用巨大而收效甚微。把许多研究问题过度简化为线性结构、以及把研究结果向研究以外的更长时间外延，在这样的基础上制定的指南令许多医师、尤其是全科医师感到不安，因为，来就医的大多数人将被贴上患者的标签。
Mismatch at 1-2 HLA Loci Does Not Reduce Survival Following Alemtuzumab-Based Reduced Intensity Unrelated Donor Allogeneic Transplantation
Authors: Adam J Mead, Kirsty J Thomson, Emma C Morris, Ronjon Chakraverty, David C. Linch, Stephen Mackinnon, Karl S Peggs
Journal: Blood (2008)
Long-term follow-up and secondary malignancy in mycosis fungoides patients treated by electron beam irradiation.
Authors: Miroslav Lutsyk, Orit Kaidar-Person, Micha Bar-Hanna, Yoram Cohen, Abraham Kuten
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e18511 Background: Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary's syndrome are the most common subgroup of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Total or partial skin electron beam irradiation (TSEI, PSEI) is an accepted treatment option in cases of disease that is limited to the skin and as palliative treatment in advanced disease. Consequently, long term follow-up of these patients and detection of secondary malignancies after TSEI/PSEI is crucial. The aim of this study was to summarize long term follow-up of MF patients treated by TSEI or PSEI and to evaluate the rates of secondary malignancies. Methods: A retrospective review of the medical charts of all consecutive patients diagnosed with MF who was treated from January 1960 to June 2010 at our hospital was conducted. Data collected included demographics, date of diagnosis, staging, treatment, and secondary malignancies. Results: One hundred ninety six patients were included (132 M, 64 F). The median age at diagnosis was 67.3 years. The mean follow-up was 109.4±89.4 months (range 1-566). One hundred patients received TSEI, 45 patients received PSEI, and one patient was treated by low dose total body photon irradiation combined with TSEI. Fifty patients (50/196, 25.5%) developed a second malignancy, 16 patients (16/196, 8%) had a third malignancy, and 4 (2%) patients developed a fourth malignancy. Conclusions: MF is associated with development of sequential malignancies. The contribution of TSEI or PSEI to the development of secondary malignancies is yet to be determined. Long term follow-up in this group of patients is essential.
Four Strategies of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment
Authors: Andrei A. Novik, Boris V Afanasyev, Igor A Lisukov, Oleg A Rykavicin, Alexandr A Myasnikov, Tatiana I Ionova, Vladimir Y Melnichenko, Denis A Fedorenko, Nina E Osipova, Artur E Zdorov, Ruslana V Kruglina, Anton V Kishtovich, Roman I Ivanov, Gary J Gorodokin
Journal: Blood (2008)
Detection of JAK2 V617F in the Diagnosis of Erythrocytosis: Feasibility and Diagnostic Value in Clinical Practice.
Authors: Chloé James, François Delhommeau, Christophe Marzac, Irène Teyssandier, Jean-Pierre Le Couédic, Stéphane Giraudier, Lydia Roy, Patrick Saulnier, Michel Tulliez, William Vainchenker, Nicole Casadevall, Valérie Ugo
Journal: Blood (2005)
A Clostridia-rich microbiota enhances bile acid excretion in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Ling Zhao, Wei Yang, Yang Chen, Fengjie Huang, Lin Lu, Chengyuan Lin, Tao Huang, Ziwan Ning, Lixiang Zhai, Linda L.D. Zhong, Waiching Lam, Zhen Yang, Xuan Zhang, Chungwah Cheng, Lijuan Han, Qinwei Qiu, Xiaoxiao Shang, Runyue Huang, Haitao Xiao, Zhenxing Ren, Dongfeng Chen, Silong Sun, Hani El-Nezami, Zongwei Cai, Aiping Lu, Xiaodong Fang, Wei Jia, Zhaoxiang Bian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2019)

An excess of fecal bile acids (BAs) is thought to be one of the mechanisms for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). However, the factors causing excessive BA excretion remain incompletely studied. Given the importance of gut microbiota in BA metabolism, we hypothesized that gut dysbiosis might contribute to excessive BA excretion in IBS-D. By performing BA-related metabolic and metagenomic analyses in 290 IBS-D patients and 89 healthy volunteers, we found that 24.5% of IBS-D patients exhibited excessive excretion of total BAs and alteration of BA-transforming bacteria in feces. Notably, the increase in Clostridia bacteria (e.g., C. scindens) was positively associated with the levels of fecal BAs and serum 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4), but negatively correlated with serum fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) concentration. Furthermore, colonization with Clostridia-rich IBS-D fecal microbiota or C. scindens individually enhanced serum C4 and hepatic conjugated BAs but reduced ileal FGF19 expression in mice. Inhibition of Clostridium species with vancomycin yielded opposite results. Clostridia-derived BAs suppressed the intestinal FGF19 expression in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the Clostridia-rich microbiota contributes to excessive BA excretion in IBS-D patients, which provides a mechanistic hypothesis with testable clinical implications.
Molecular Monitoring of Residual Disease (MRD) during Induction and Intensification Phases in Low Risk Adult B Cell ALL Treated According to the MRC UKALL12 Protocol.
Authors: Letizia Foroni, Wayne Mitchell, Lena J. Rai, Anouska Casanova, Gareth Gerrard, Bella Patel, Sue Richards, Adele Fielding, Anthony H. Goldstone
Journal: Blood (2005)
High levels of bad cholesterol in early middle age are linked to CVD risk decades later, study finds
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Taking action to reduce “bad” cholesterol much earlier in life could prevent many cardiovascular events, a long term study has suggested.

Few people under 45 know their cholesterol levels, but the study shows that having high levels of non-HDL (non-high density lipoprotein) cholesterol at that age is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease decades later.

The implication is that lowering these levels earlier—by diet, exercise, or drugs—could have huge benefits, said the authors of the study, who used data collected by the Multinational Cardiovascular Risk Consortium from more than 500 000 people in Europe, Australia, and North America.

Long term follow-up of these people showed that, the higher the levels of non-HDL cholesterol at the start of the study, the greater the risk of cardiovascular events. This in itself is no surprise, since the link between the bad forms of cholesterol (traditionally labelled LDL cholesterol) and heart disease risk is well established. But the trials that established the link were all short term, …
No Significance of Derivative Chromosome 9 Deletion on the Clearance Kinetics of BCR/ABL Fusion Transcripts, Cytogenetic or Molecular Response, Loss of Response or Treatment Failure to Imatinib Mesylate Therapy for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.
Authors: Dong Hwan (Dennis) Kim, Lakshmi Sriharsha, Suzanne Kamel-Reid, Hong Chang, Hans Messner, Jeffrey Lipton
Journal: Blood (2007)
Effect of Topical Brimonidine on Alcohol-Induced Flushing in Asian Individuals
Authors: Wesley Y. Yu, Brian Lu, Daniel Tan, Christine Aroyan, Kanade Shinkai, Kieron S. Leslie, Lindy P. Fox, Siegrid Yu, Isaac M. Neuhaus, Roy C. Grekin, Sarah T. Arron
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

Alcohol flushing syndrome (AFS, also known as Asian glow and Asian flush) affects 20% to 47% of East Asians and causes significant psychosocial distress. There are no approved treatments for this condition.To determine whether brimonidine gel, 0.33%, decreases facial erythema in patients with AFS after consumption of alcohol.In this randomized clinical trial, 20 healthy volunteers of East Asian descent with a self-reported history of AFS were recruited between April 2018 and March 2019.Participants were randomized to application of brimonidine gel to either the left or right half of their face. Placebo control was applied to the opposite side. After 30 minutes, participants ingested alcohol.Outcomes were specified before data collection. The difference in erythema between the treated and placebo side of each participant's face was measured 60 minutes after drug application (primary outcome) and at 90 and 120 minutes after drug application (secondary outcomes). Participants were asked to rate their likelihood of using the medication again and their likelihood of recommending the medication to a friend on a scale of 0 to 10.The mean (SD) age of the 20 individuals enrolled in the study was 30.5 (8.4) years, and there were 10 women (50%). There was a significant difference in erythema at 60 minutes after drug application as measured by the difference in Clinician Erythema Assessment score (2.1; 95% CI, 1.5-2.71; P < .001) and by the difference in Subject Self-Assessment score (1.7; 95% CI, 1.1- 2.3; P < .001). This effect persisted at 90 and 120 minutes. Individuals were likely to use the medication again (7.2; 95% CI, 6.0-8.3) and would also recommend it to a friend (7.6; 95% CI, 6.5-8.6).This study demonstrates that brimonidine gel is effective in reducing the facial erythema of AFS. Patients with psychosocial distress due to AFS may benefit from treatment with brimonidine.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03497442.
Wide Range Sequencing of FLT3 Reveals a New Activating Mutation Associated with a Decreased Sensitivity to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia.
Authors: Philippe Garrigue, Thomas Prebet, Sébastien Létard, Katia Hanssens, Wolfgang Sippl, Anne Lermet, Norbert Vey, Jean Paul Borg, Patrice Dubreuil
Journal: Blood (2009)
Letter to the editor
Authors: C. M. Barber, S. B. Gordon, A. D. Curran, D. Fishwick
Journal: Allergy (2001)

We read with interest the recent articles (1, 2) concerning the use of capsaicin cough provocation in the investigation of patients with asthma-like symptoms. Our group have had an interest in this area for a number of years, from an occupational viewpoint, and we believe our findings may be of interest to the authors. We investigated a group of irritant-exposed glass bottle workers who were experiencing work-related asthma-like symptoms, and mucous membrane irritation. These workers were found not to be suffering from occupational asthma, or reactive airways dysfunction syndrome. At the time, this was termed “cough and airway irritancy syndrome” (3), and it was associated with increased capsaicin cough sensitivity compared to a control group of hospital workers (4). Immunologic investigation of these workers by whole-blood flow cytometry demonstrated a very different pattern of immune cells compared with a group of flour-exposed bakers with similar upper and lower respiratory tract symptoms. The symptomatic bakers showed elevated CD4+ CD25+ lymphocyte markers (activated T-helper cells) above control, changes similar to asthmatic patients, whereas the glass bottle workers did not (5). We would also like to draw the authors' attention to the considerable body of research that has previously been published, in light of statements that “we do not know how patients with other causes of cough react to capsaicin provocation” (2). Briefly, Choudry's group have shown that patients with nonproductive cough (excluding those with postnasal drip) generally have increased cough sensitivity to capsaicin, as do those with bronchiectasis and current infection (6). The same group have also demonstrated successful treatment of chronic cough to be associated with a reduction in capsaicin cough sensitivity (7). Increased cough sensitivities (i.e., low cough thresholds) have also been demonstrated in patients with ACE inhibitor cough (8), upper respiratory tract infection (9), and interstitial lung disease associated with progressive systemic sclerosis (10). Interestingly, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease did not show altered cough sensitivity to capsaicin, but did cough more during citric acid cough challenge (11). It is also interesting to note that it is well recognized that women generally have lower cough thresholds than men (12), and this is entirely consistent with the authors' previous findings (13) that eight out of 10 of the patients with “sensory hyperreactivity” were women. We firmly believe that, while cough challenges are clinically useful in assessing response to treatment (7), and in defining different research populations (4), their diagnostic specificity as an “objective way to test sensory hyperreactivity” is questionable (2).
Leukemia Cell of Origin Influences p53 Activity and Therapeutic Sensitivity Via an Evi1-Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Sheng F Cai, S Haihua Chu, Aaron D Goldberg, Salma Parvin, Richard Koche, Jacob L Glass, Eytan M. Stein, Martin S. Tallman, Filiz Sen, Christopher Famulare, Monica Cusan, Chun-Hao Huang, Chun-Wei David Chen, Lihua Zou, Keith B Cordner, Vidushi Durani, Mitali Kini, Madison Rex, Johannes Zuber, Timour Baslan, Scott W. Lowe, Hugh Young Rienhoff, Ross L. Levine, Scott A. Armstrong
Journal: Blood (2019)
Clonality Assay (X-CIP) and JAK 2 V617P Mutation: Clustering Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia at High Risk for Thrombosis.
Authors: Alessia Fiorini, Giovanni Reddiconto, Giuliana Farina, Patrizia Chiusolo, Luciana Teofili, Pierluigi Bonomo, Elena Rossi, Tommaso Za, Mariangela Palladino, Valerio De Stefano, Giuseppe Leone, Simona Sica
Journal: Blood (2005)
Erratum to Supporting Information of Comprehensive Mechanism Analysis of Mesoporous‐Silica‐Nanoparticle‐Induced Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Xiupeng Wang, Xia Li, Kazuko Yoshiyuki, Yohei Watanabe, Yu Sogo, Tadao Ohno, Noriko M. Tsuji, Atsuo Ito
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2016, 5, 1169–1176 In the original version of this article, there was an error in Figure S1a. The correct figure is shown below: Figure S1. MS promoted effector memory T cell population (CD44highCD62L−) in CD4+ (a). This correction does not affect the overall conclusions of the results, and the authors apologize for any confusion caused.
Abstract 14053: Scaling up a Pharmacist-Led Blood Pressure Control Program In Black Barbershops: Projecting Population Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness
Authors: Dhruv S Kazi, Pengxiao C Wei, Brandon K Bellows, Joanne Penko, Pamela Coxson, Kelsey B Bryant, Valy Fontil, Ciantel Adair Blyler, Kathleen Lynch, Mohamad Rashid, Joseph Ebinger, Florian Rader, Andrew E Moran, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: A barbershop-based pharmacist-led blood pressure (BP) control program has been shown to significantly improve hypertension control among non-Hispanic black men, but its population hea...
Leptin: Is It Thermogenic?
Authors: Alexander W Fischer, Barbara Cannon, Jan Nedergaard
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2019)

Abstract Animals that lack the hormone leptin become grossly obese, purportedly for 2 reasons: increased food intake and decreased energy expenditure (thermogenesis). This review examines the experimental evidence for the thermogenesis component. Analysis of the data available led us to conclude that the reports indicating hypometabolism in the leptin-deficient ob/ob mice (as well as in the leptin-receptor-deficient db/db mice and fa/fa rats) derive from a misleading calculation artefact resulting from expression of energy expenditure per gram of body weight and not per intact organism. Correspondingly, the body weight-reducing effects of leptin are not augmented by enhanced thermogenesis. Congruent with this, there is no evidence that the ob/ob mouse demonstrates atrophied brown adipose tissue or diminished levels of total UCP1 mRNA or protein when the ob mutation is studied on the inbred C57BL/6 mouse background, but a reduced sympathetic nerve activity is observed. On the outbred “Aston” mouse background, brown adipose tissue atrophy is seen, but whether this is of quantitative significance for the development of obesity has not been demonstrated. We conclude that leptin is not a thermogenic hormone. Rather, leptin has effects on body temperature regulation, by opposing torpor bouts and by shifting thermoregulatory thresholds. The central pathways behind these effects are largely unexplored.
Very Short Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation in Patients With High Bleeding Risk
Authors: Hirotoshi Watanabe, Takenori Domei, Takeshi Morimoto, Masahiro Natsuaki, Hiroki Shiomi, Toshiaki Toyota, Masanobu Ohya, Satoru Suwa, Kensuke Takagi, Mamoru Nanasato, Yoshiki Hata, Masahiro Yagi, Nobuhiro Suematsu, Takafumi Yokomatsu, Itaru Takamisawa, Masayuki Doi, Toshiyuki Noda, Hideki Okayama, Yoshitane Seino, Tomohisa Tada, Hiroki Sakamoto, Kiyoshi Hibi, Mitsuru Abe, Kazuya Kawai, Koichi Nakao, Kenji Ando, Kengo Tanabe, Yuji Ikari, Keiichi Igarashi Hanaoka, Yoshihiro Morino, Ken Kozuma, Kazushige Kadota, Yutaka Furukawa, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Takeshi Kimura
Journal: Circulation (2019)
Improved Long Term Survival with Minimal GVHD after Myeloablative Unrelated Donor Stem Cell Transplantation Using In Vitro and In Vivo T Cell Depletion with CAMPATH-1H.
Authors: Peter A. von dem Borne, Floor Beaumont, Ingrid Starrenburg, Machteld A. Oudshoorn, Geoff Hale, J.H. Frederik Falkenburg, Willem E. Fibbe, Roel Willemze, Renee M.Y. Barge
Journal: Blood (2004)
A decreased Level of Shp1 provides an additive survival advantage to the Ph+ Cells of CML Patients and may account for Resistance to Imatinib Treatment
Authors: Nicola Esposito, Irene Colavita, Fabrizio Quarantelli, Barbara Izzo, Luigia Luciano, Luigi Del Vecchio, Timothy Hughes, Jerald Radich, Domenico Russo, Simona Soverini, Ilaria Iacobucci, Giovanni Martinelli, Giuseppe Saglio, Junia Melo, Margherita Ruoppolo, Thea Kalebic, Fabrizio Pane
Journal: Blood (2008)