tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Community-based medical photography improves skin cancer teledermatology triage during the national COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: C. R. McDonald, L. Watson, T. Shim, A. Ilchyshyn
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

The COVID-19 pandemic limited the ability to do conventional outpatient patient face-to-face consultations  New patient skin cancer referrals could not be postponed while awaiting resolution of the COVID-19 pandemic  Photographs taken by patients and community physicians are of ranging quality, adding to the challenge of teledermatology triaging  A new pilot was designed to aid skin cancer triage with professional medical photography images of lesions to be taken in the community setting to avoid patients attending hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic  All consecutive 2-week-wait skin cancer referrals were included over a 2-week period in May 2020 during the peak of the national COVID-19 pandemic  Patients were automatically allocated an appointment time with the medical photography department, in a specifically set up community location  On arrival, patients were given a screening questionnaire with details requested about the nature of their lesion  Professional images were taken and loaded onto the patient's medical illustrations record  Patients were triaged by dermatology consultants based on their general practice referral details, patient questionnaire and professional image  The triage options included booking straight to surgery, clinic appointment or discharge  Patients were then called by a medical professional and informed of the triage outcome  Over the 14-day period, 122 patients were referred to the dermatology department  Mean age was 57 years (range 16-93)  One patient was excluded owing to being a child;two patients did not attend their appointment  On allocation of a medical photography appointment, five patients declined to attend and were subsequently booked into clinic  The triage discharge rate was 35 1% (n = 40), with 20 2% (n = 23) being booked directly to a dermatology surgery list, and 43 8% (n = 50) allocated a clinic appointment  Histopathological correlation of the suspected triage diagnosis was confirmed in 72% of patients  Of those seen in the face-to-face clinic, dermatology surgery was subsequently requested in 38% (n = 19)  Community-based medical illustration appointments reduced the requirement for patients to attend hospital during the national COVID-19 pandemic  The high-quality images of referred suspected skin cancer lesions, combined with a patient questionnaire, allowed for patients to be promptly remotely triaged, with a higher than previously documented discharge rate vs  standard face-to-face consultation  Patient satisfaction was high, with rapid surgery allocation dates and quick-response triage  Patients with benign conditions were able to be discharged without the risk of having to attend hospital  Triaging consultants reported that triage time was quicker than standard clinic consultation time, which was a further important factor during a time of staff shortages, with illness and redeployment
Corrigenda: Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus, including community-associated methicillin-resistant strains, in Queensland adults. W.J. Munckhof, G.R. Nimmo, J.M. Schooneveldt, S. Schlebusch, A.J. Stephens, G. Williams, F. Huygens and P. Giffard. 2009; 15: 149–155
Authors: W. J. Munckhof, G. R. Nimmo, J. M. Schooneveldt, S. Schlebusch, A. J. Stephens, G. Williams, F. Huygens, P. Giffard
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
Hepatitis B surface antigen titer was decreased during clevudine therapy
Authors: Kwan Soo Byun, Byung Chul Yoo, Kwan Sik Lee, Young-Hwa Chung, Soo Hyung Ryu, Mong Cho, Joong-Won Park, Byung-lk Kim, Heon-Ju Lee, Joon-Yeol Han, Seong Gyu Hwang, Haak Cheoul Kim, Kwon Yoo, Young-Suk Lee, Youn-Jae Lee, Chae Yoon Chon, Se-Hyun Cho, Jin-Mo Yang, Young Soo Kim, Sung-Kyu Choi, Chul-Ju Han, Myung-Seok Lee, Jong-Young Choi, Hyo-Suk Lee, Ju Hyun Kim
Journal: Hepatology (2018)
Circular HER2 RNA positive triple negative breast cancer is sensitive to Pertuzumab
Authors: Jie Li, Maoguang Ma, Xuesong Yang, Maolei Zhang, Jingyan Luo, Huangkai Zhou, Nunu Huang, Feizhe Xiao, Bingquan Lai, Weiming Lv, Nu Zhang
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2020)

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains the most challenging breast cancer subtype so far. Specific therapeutic approaches have rarely achieved clinical improvements in treatment of TNBC patients and effective molecular biomarkers are largely unknown.We used paired TNBC samples and high throughput RNA sequencing to identify differentially expressed circRNAs. Sucrose gradient polysome fractionation assay, antibody and Mass spectra were used to validate active circRNA translation. The novel protein function was validated in vitro and in vivo by gain or loss of function assays. Mechanistic results were concluded by immunoprecipitation analyses and kinase activity assay.Circular HER2 RNA (circ-HER2) encoded a novel protein, HER2-103. Unexpectedly, while HER2 mRNA and protein were barely detected, circ-HER2/HER2-103 was expressed in ~ 30% TNBC clinical samples. Circ-HER2/HER2-103 positive TNBC patients harbored worse overall prognosis than circ-HER2/HER2-103 negative patients. Knockdown circ-HER2 inhibited TNBC cells proliferation, invasion and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo, suggesting the critical role of circ-HER2/HER2-103 in TNBC tumorigenicity. Mechanistically, HER2-103 promoted homo/hetero dimerization of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/HER3, sustained AKT phosphorylation and downstream malignant phenotypes. Furthermore, HER2-103 shared most of the same amino acid sequences as HER2 CR1 domain which could be antagonized by Pertuzumab, a clinical used HER2 antibody. Pertuzumab markedly attenuated in vivo tumorigenicity of circ-HER2/HER2-103 expressing TNBC cells but showed no effects in circ-HER2/HER2-103 negative TNBC cells.Our results not only demonstrated that certain TNBCs were not truly 'HER2 negative' but also highlighted the clinical implications of Pertuzumab in circ-HER2/HER2-103 expressing TNBC patients.
Signalosome-Regulated Serum Response Factor Phosphorylation Determining Myocyte Growth in Width Versus Length as a Therapeutic Target for Heart Failure
Authors: Jinliang Li, Yuliang Tan, Catherine L. Passariello, Eliana C. Martinez, Michael D. Kritzer, Xueyi Li, Xiaofeng Li, Yang Li, Qian Yu, Kenneth Ohgi, Hrishikesh Thakur, John W. MacArthur, Jan R. Ivey, Y. Joseph Woo, Craig A. Emter, Kimberly Dodge-Kafka, Michael G. Rosenfeld, Michael S. Kapiloff
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Concentric and eccentric cardiac hypertrophy are associated with pressure and volume overload, respectively, in cardiovascular disease both conferring an increased risk of heart failure. These contrasting forms of hypertrophy are characterized by asymmetrical growth of the cardiac myocyte in mainly width or length, respectively. The molecular mechanisms determining myocyte preferential growth in width versus length remain poorly understood. Identification of the mechanisms governing asymmetrical myocyte growth could provide new therapeutic targets for the prevention or treatment of heart failure.
In knee OA, physical therapy reduced pain and improved function more than glucocorticoid injections at 1 year
Authors: David Hunter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Deyle GD, Allen CS, Allison SC, et al. Physical therapy versus glucocorticoid injection for osteoarthritis of the knee. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:1420-9. 32268027.
Modulation of Cardiometabolic Disease Markers by Type I Interferon Inhibition in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Kerry A. Casey, Michael A. Smith, Dominic Sinibaldi, Nickie L. Seto, Martin P. Playford, Xinghao Wang, Philip M. Carlucci, Liangwei Wang, Gabor Illei, Binbing Yu, Shiliang Wang, Alan T. Remaley, Nehal N. Mehta, Mariana J. Kaplan, Wendy I. White
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2020)

Neutrophil dysregulation and the type I interferon (IFN) axis have been proposed to contribute to premature cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In the present study, we evaluated the ability of anifrolumab, a type I IFN receptor-blocking antibody, to reduce neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and modulate cardiometabolic disease markers in comparison to placebo.
Abstract 13305: Epeleuton, A Novel Synthetic Second-Generation N-3 Fatty Acid, Decreased Triglycerides, Improved Glycemic Control and Decreased Markers of Inflammation in a Phase 2 Exploratory Study
Authors: Moayed Hamza, Markus Weissbach, David Coughlan, John Climax, Deepak L Bhatt
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Epeleuton is 15-hydroxy eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester, a synthetic n3 fatty acid derivative of eicosapentaenoic acid. Methods: In a multicenter, randomized, double blind, placebo ...
An intact gut microbiome protects genetically predisposed mice against leukemia
Authors: Carolina Vicente-Dueñas, Stefan Janssen, Marina Oldenburg, Franziska Auer, Inés González-Herrero, Ana Casado-García, Marta Isidro-Hernández, Javier Raboso-Gallego, Philipp Westhoff, Aleksandra A. Pandyra, Daniel Hein, Katharina L. Gössling, Diego Alonso-López, Javier De Las Rivas, Sanil Bhatia, Francisco Javier García-Criado, María Begoña García-Cenador, Andreas P. M. Weber, Karl Köhrer, Julia Hauer, Ute Fischer, Isidro Sánchez-García, Arndt Borkhardt
Journal: Blood (2020)
Decision Aids and the Absence of Expected Longevity Benefits of Mammography Screening in Women 75 Years and Older
Authors: Alberto Donzelli, Giulia Giudicatti
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

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A Systematic Nomenclature for the Drosophila Ventral Nerve Cord
Authors: Robert Court, Shigehiro Namiki, J. Douglas Armstrong, Jana Börner, Gwyneth Card, Marta Costa, Michael Dickinson, Carsten Duch, Wyatt Korff, Richard Mann, David Merritt, Rod K. Murphey, Andrew M. Seeds, Troy Shirangi, Julie H. Simpson, James W. Truman, John C. Tuthill, Darren W. Williams, David Shepherd
Journal: Neuron (2020)

Drosophila melanogaster is an established model for neuroscience research with relevance in biology and medicine. Until recently, research on the Drosophila brain was hindered by the lack of a complete and uniform nomenclature. Recognizing this, Ito et al., 2014Ito K. Shinomiya K. Ito M. Armstrong D.J. Boyan G. Hartenstein V. Harzsch S. Heisenberg M. Homberg U. Jenett A. et al.A Systematic Nomenclature for the Insect Brain.Neuron. 2014; 81: 755-765Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (329) Google Scholar produced an authoritative nomenclature for the adult insect brain, using Drosophila as the reference. Here, we extend this nomenclature to the adult thoracic and abdominal neuromeres, the ventral nerve cord (VNC), to provide an anatomical description of this major component of the Drosophila nervous system. The VNC is the locus for the reception and integration of sensory information and involved in generating most of the locomotor actions that underlie fly behaviors. The aim is to create a nomenclature, definitions, and spatial boundaries for the Drosophila VNC that are consistent with other insects. The work establishes an anatomical framework that provides a powerful tool for analyzing the functional organization of the VNC.
Cancers Associated with Human Papillomavirus in American Indian and Alaska Native Populations — United States, 2013–2017
Authors: Stephanie C. Melkonian, S. Jane Henley, Virginia Senkomago, Cheryll C. Thomas, Melissa A. Jim, Andria Apostolou, Mona Saraiya
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes most cervical cancers and some cancers of the penis, vulva, vagina, oropharynx, and anus. Cervical precancers can be detected through screening. HPV vaccination with the 9-valent HPV vaccine (9vHPV) can prevent approximately 92% of HPV-attributable cancers (1).* Previous studies have shown lower incidence of HPV-associated cancers in non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations compared with other racial subgroups (2); however, these rates might have been underestimated as a result of racial misclassification. Previous studies have shown that cancer registry data corrected for racial misclassification resulted in more accurate cancer incidence estimates for AI/AN populations (3,4). In addition, regional variations in cancer incidence among AI/AN populations suggest that nationally aggregated data might not adequately describe cancer outcomes within these populations (5). These variations might, in part, result from geographic disparities in the use of health services, such as cancer screening or vaccination (6). CDC analyzed data for 2013-2017 from central cancer registries linked with the Indian Health Service (IHS) patient registration database to assess the incidence of HPV-associated cancers and to estimate the number of cancers caused by HPV among AI/AN populations overall and by region. During 2013-2017, an estimated 1,030 HPV-associated cancers were reported in AI/AN populations. Of these cancers, 740 (72%) were determined to be attributable to HPV types targeted by 9vHPV; the majority were cervical cancers in females and oropharyngeal cancers in males. These data can help identify regions where AI/AN populations have disproportionately high rates of HPV-associated cancers and inform targeted regional vaccination and screening programs in AI/AN communities.
Association of Pathologic Complete Response with Long-Term Survival Outcomes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Min Huang, Joyce O'Shaughnessy, Jing Zhao, Amin Haiderali, Javier Cortés, Scott D. Ramsey, Andrew Briggs, Peter Hu, Vassiliki Karantza, Gursel Aktan, Cynthia Z. Qi, Chenyang Gu, Jipan Xie, Muhan Yuan, John Cook, Michael Untch, Peter Schmid, Peter A. Fasching
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Pathologic complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant therapy has been associated with improved event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in early-stage breast cancer. The magnitude of this association varies by breast cancer subtype, yet further research focusing on subtype-specific populations is limited. Here we provide an updated and comprehensive evaluation of the association between pCR and survival outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). A literature review identified neoadjuvant studies, including clinical trials, real-world cohort studies, and studies that pooled multiple trials or cohorts, which reported EFS/OS results by pCR in patients with early-stage TNBC. Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the association between pCR and EFS/OS and to predict long-term survival outcomes based on pCR status. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the impact of cross-study variations. Twenty-five studies with over 4,000 patients with TNBC were identified. A synthesis of evidence from these studies suggested substantial improvement in EFS and OS for pCR versus non-pCR [EFS HR (95% confidence interval): 0.24 (0.20–0.29); OS: 0.19 (0.15–0.24)]; consistent results were reported in sensitivity analyses. Collectively, our findings suggest that adjuvant therapy is associated with improved EFS/OS in patients with TNBC who received neoadjuvant therapy, regardless of pCR status.
Multicentre prospective study of COVID-19 transmission following outpatient GI endoscopy in the UK
Authors: Bu'Hussain Hayee, James East, Colin J Rees, Ian Penman
Journal: Gut (2020)

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely curtailed the practice of endoscopy (as an exemplar for outpatient diagnostic procedures) worldwide. Restart and recovery processes will be influenced by the need to protect patients and staff from disease transmission, but data on the risk of COVID-19 transmission after an endoscopy are sparse. This is of particular importance in later pandemic phases when the risk of harm from delayed or missed significant diagnoses is likely to far outweigh the risk of infection. The British Society of Gastroenterology guidance for restarting endoscopy included the stratification of diagnostic procedures according to aerosol generation or assessment of infectious risk as well as pragmatic guidance on the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). We sought to document the risk of COVID-19 transmission after endoscopy in this ‘COVID-minimised’ environment. Prospective data were collected from 18 UK centres for n=6208 procedures. Pre-endoscopy, 3 of 2611 (0.11%; 95% CI 0.00%–0.33%) asymptomatic patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on nasopharyngeal swab. Based on follow-up telephone symptom screening of patients at 7 and 14 days, no cases of COVID-19 were detected by any centre after endoscopy in either patients or staff. Although these data cannot determine the relative contribution of each component of a COVID-minimised pathway, they provide clear support for such an approach. The rational use of PPE and infection control policies should be continued and will aid in planning for outpatient diagnostics in the COVID-19 recovery phase.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an extraordinary impact on the delivery of GI endoscopy, with an initial reduction to 12% of prepandemic levels in the UK.1 In the deceleration and early recovery phases (up to end July 2020), this had risen to 42% of repandemic levels.2 Recovery has been influenced by multiple factors including availability of staff, restrictions caused by longer room cleansing, physical …
Excessive deubiquitination of NLRP3-R779C variant contributes to very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease development
Authors: Lingli Zhou, Tao Liu, Bing Huang, Man Luo, Zhanghua Chen, Zhiyao Zhao, Jun Wang, Daniel Leung, Xingtian Yang, Koon Wing Chan, Yukun Liu, Liya Xiong, Peiyu Chen, Hongli Wang, Liping Ye, Hanquan Liang, Seth L. Masters, Andrew M. Lew, Sitang Gong, Fan Bai, Jing Yang, Pamela Pui-Wah Lee, Wanling Yang, Yan Zhang, Yu-Lung Lau, Lanlan Geng, Yuxia Zhang, Jun Cui
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
Association of Breast Cancer Surgery With Quality of Life and Psychosocial Well-being in Young Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Shoshana M. Rosenberg, Laura S. Dominici, Shari Gelber, Philip D. Poorvu, Kathryn J. Ruddy, Julia S. Wong, Rulla M. Tamimi, Lidia Schapira, Steven Come, Jeffrey M. Peppercorn, Virginia F. Borges, Ann H. Partridge
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Young women with breast cancer are increasingly choosing bilateral mastectomy (BM), yet little is known about short-term and long-term physical and psychosocial well-being following surgery in this population. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the differential associations of surgery with quality of life (QOL) and psychosocial outcomes from 1 to 5 years following diagnosis. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Cohort study <h3>Setting</h3> Multicenter, including academic and community hospitals in North America <h3>Participants</h3> Women age ≤40 when diagnosed with Stage 0-3 with unilateral breast cancer between 2006 and 2016 who had surgery and completed QOL and psychosocial assessments. <h3>Exposures (for observational studies)</h3> Primary breast surgery including breast-conserving surgery (BCS), unilateral mastectomy (UM), and BM. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Physical functioning, body image, sexual health, anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed in follow-up. <h3>Results</h3> Of 826 women, mean age at diagnosis was 36.1 years; most women were White non-Hispanic (86.7%). Regarding surgery, 45% had BM, 31% BCS, and 24% UM. Of women who had BM/UM, 84% had reconstruction. While physical functioning, sexuality, and body image improved over time, sexuality and body image were consistently worse (higher adjusted mean scores) among women who had BM vs BCS (body image: year 1, 1.32 vs 0.64;<i>P</i> &lt; .001; year 5, 1.19 vs 0.48;<i>P</i> &lt; .001; sexuality: year 1, 1.66 vs 1.20,<i>P</i> &lt; .001; year 5, 1.43 vs 0.96;<i>P</i> &lt; .001) or UM (body image: year 1, 1.32 vs 1.15;<i>P</i> = .06; year 5, 1.19 vs 0.96;<i>P</i> = .02; sexuality: year 1, 1.66 vs 1.41;<i>P</i> = .02; year 5, 1.43 vs 1.09;<i>P</i> = .002). Anxiety improved across groups, but adjusted mean scores remained higher among women who had BM vs BCS/UM at 1 year (BM, 7.75 vs BCS, 6.94;<i>P</i> = .005; BM, 7.75 vs UM, 6.58;<i>P</i> = .005), 2 years (BM, 7.47 vs BCS, 6.18;<i>P</i> &lt; .001; BM, 7.47 vs UM, 6.07;<i>P</i> &lt; .001) and 5 years (BM, 6.67 vs BCS, 5.91;<i>P</i> = .05; BM, 6.67 vs UM, 5.79;<i>P</i> = .05). There were minimal between-group differences in depression levels in follow-up. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> While QOL improves over time, young breast cancer survivors who undergo more extensive surgery have worse body image, sexual health, and anxiety compared with women undergoing less extensive surgery. Ensuring young women are aware of the short-term and long-term effects of surgery and receive support when making surgical decisions is warranted.