tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
How should clinicians rehabilitate patients after ACL reconstruction? A systematic review of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) with a focus on quality appraisal (AGREE II)
Authors: Renato Andrade, Rogério Pereira, Robert van Cingel, J Bart Staal, João Espregueira-Mendes
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2019)

Objectives To summarise recommendations and appraise the quality of international clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction. Design Systematic review of CPGs (PROSPERO number: CRD42017020407). Data sources Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane, SPORTDiscus, PEDro and grey literature databases were searched up to 30 September 2018. Eligibility criteria English-language CPGs on rehabilitation following ACL reconstruction that used systematic search of evidence to formulate recommendations. Methods We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to report the systematic review. Two appraisers used the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument to report comprehensiveness, consistency and quality of CPGs. We summarised recommendations for rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction. Results Six CPGs with an overall median AGREE II total score of 130 points (out of 168) and median overall quality of 63% were included. One CPG had an overall score below the 50% (poor quality score) and two CPGs scored above 80% (higher quality score). The lowest domain score was ‘applicability’ (can clinicians implement this in practice?) (29%) and the highest ‘scope and purpose’ (78%) and ‘clarity of presentation’ (75%). CPGs recommended immediate knee mobilisation and strength/neuromuscular training. Early full weight-bearing exercises, early open and closed kinetic-chain exercises, cryotherapy and neuromuscular electrostimulation may be used according individual circumstances. The CPGs recommend against continuous passive motion and functional bracing. Conclusion The quality of the CPGs in ACL postoperative rehabilitation was good, but all CPGs showed poor applicability. Immediate knee mobilisation and strength/neuromuscular training should be used. Continuous passive motion and functional bracing should be eschewed.
Hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> Levels During Pregnancy and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Offspring
Authors: Anny H. Xiang, Ting Chow, Mayra P. Martinez, Darios Getahun, Kathleen A. Page, Thomas A. Buchanan, R. Klare Feldman
Journal: JAMA (2019)

This cohort study uses electronic medical record (EMR) data to examine the association between maternal hemoglobin A1c levels during pregnancy and risk of autism spectrum disorder in offspring.
Power Calculations, Effect Sizes, and 30-Day Mortality in Enterobacteriaceae Bacteremia
Authors: Tristan T. Timbrook, Jason P. Burnham
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Symbiotic Macrophage-Glioma Cell Interactions Reveal Synthetic Lethality in PTEN-Null Glioma
Authors: Peiwen Chen, Di Zhao, Jun Li, Xin Liang, Jiexi Li, Andrew Chang, Verlene K. Henry, Zhengdao Lan, Denise J. Spring, Ganesh Rao, Y. Alan Wang, Ronald A. DePinho
Journal: Cancer Cell (2019)
Abstract 11425: Clinical Determinants of Normal Coronary Angiograms in Ontario
Authors: Kevin Levitt, Helen Guo, Harindra Wijeysundera, Dennis Ko, Madhu Natarajan, Christopher Feindel, Kori Kingsbury, Eric Cohen, Jack Tu
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Coronary angiography remains an integral diagnostic tool in the management of patients with suspected coronary artery disease. However, the clinical determinants and rates of normal a...
Abstract 13705: Right Arm Peripheral Venous versus Central Venous Approach for Right Heart Catheterization: A Meta-analysis Study
Authors: Nitheesha Ganta, Julius Ngwa, Olabisi Akanbi, Isaac Opoku-Asare
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Traditionally, Right heart catheterization (RHC) has been performed through the femoral vein and other central access. Peripheral venous access from right upper extremity has been inc...
Take 10: ten qualitative studies on under‐researched groups and hard‐to‐reach issues in dermatology
Authors: P.A. Nelson, P. Magin, A.R. Thompson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

Linked Articles: Gilhooley et al. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1405–1411. Zink et al. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1412–1419. Admassu et al. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1529–1530. Fox et al. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1368–1376. Davey et al. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1377–1389. Menzies et al. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1527–1528. Pasterfield et al. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1531–1532. Henry et al. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1397–1404. Fenton et al. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1390–1396. Scrivens et al. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1525–1526.
Response by Prabhakaran et al to Letter Regarding Article, “Effectiveness of an mHealth-Based Electronic Decision Support System for Integrated Management of Chronic Conditions in Primary Care: The mWellcare Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial”
Authors: Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Dilip Jha, Vamadevan S. Ajay, Ambuj Roy, Pablo Perel
Journal: Circulation (2019)
Abstract 18412: Lactate Dehydrogenase Trends Predict Left Ventricular Assist Device Thrombosis
Authors: Thomas Hurst, John Ehrlinger, Jeevanantham Rajeswaran, Lucy Thuita, Nicholas Smedira, Nader Moazami, Eugene Blackstone, Randall C Starling
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Recent analyses have demonstrated an increasing risk of HeartMate II (HMII) left ventricular assist device (LVAD) thrombosis than previously reported. Elevation of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a biomarker of hemolysis secondary to thrombosis, parallels the overall pattern of HMII thrombosis. Hypotheses: We hypothesized that longitudinal trends of LDH could predict HMII thrombosis. Methods: From 10/2004 through 9/2014, 350 HMII devices were implanted in 323 patients at a single center. Of these, patients on 339 devices had at least 1 postop LDH value through 9/2014 (7,996 total measurements). A 2-step joint model combining longitudinal biomarker data and pump thrombosis events was generated to assess the impact of changing LDH on the risk of thrombosis. Device-specific LDH values were first estimated using Multivariate Boosted Trees to reduce measurement error and produce unbiased regression estimates. Estimated LDH values were then used as a time-varying covariate function in a multiphase hazard model to analyze time to thrombosis. Results: Thirty-five HMII pumps (10%) had either confirmed (18 HMIIs) or suspected (17 HMIIs) thrombosis, with 15 (43%) occurring within 3 months of implant. LDH was associated with pump thrombosis occurring both early and late after implant (P&lt;.0001 for both phases). The model demonstrated increased probability of HMII thrombosis as LDH trended upward, with steep changes in thrombosis probability paralleling similar trajectories in LDH. Two individual patient probaliities are graphed in the figure. Conclusions: Longitudinal trends in surveillance LDH for patients on HMII support is useful for dynamic prediction of pump thrombosis, both early after implant and late. Incorporating upward and downward trends in LDH provides a dynamically updated model of LVAD thrombosis risk that may eventually be a tool for LVAD clinical management.
Association of Amyloid and Tau With Cognition in Preclinical Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Bernard J. Hanseeuw, Rebecca A. Betensky, Heidi I. L. Jacobs, Aaron P. Schultz, Jorge Sepulcre, J. Alex Becker, Danielle M. Orozco Cosio, Michelle Farrell, Yakeel T. Quiroz, Elizabeth C. Mormino, Rachel F. Buckley, Kathryn V. Papp, Rebecca A. Amariglio, Ilse Dewachter, Adrian Ivanoiu, Willem Huijbers, Trey Hedden, Gad A. Marshall, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Dorene M. Rentz, Reisa A. Sperling, Keith Johnson
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2019)

Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging now allows in vivo visualization of both neuropathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer disease (AD): amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles. Observing their progressive accumulation in the brains of clinically normal older adults is critically important to understand the pathophysiologic cascade leading to AD and to inform the choice of outcome measures in prevention trials.To assess the associations among Aβ, tau, and cognition, measured during different observation periods for 7 years.Prospective cohort study conducted between 2010 and 2017 at the Harvard Aging Brain Study, Boston, Massachusetts. The study enrolled 279 clinically normal participants. An additional 90 individuals were approached but declined the study or did not meet the inclusion criteria. In this report, we analyzed data from 60 participants who had multiple Aβ and tau PET observations available on October 31, 2017.A median of 3 Pittsburgh compound B-PET (Aβ, 2010-2017) and 2 flortaucipir-PET (tau, 2013-2017) images were collected. We used initial PET and slope data, assessing the rates of change in Aβ and tau, to measure cognitive changes. Cognition was evaluated annually using the Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite (2010-2017). Annual consensus meetings evaluated progression to mild cognitive impairment.Of the 60 participants, 35 were women (58%) and 25 were men (42%); median age at inclusion was 73 years (range, 65-85 years). Seventeen participants (28%) exhibited an initial high Aβ burden. An antecedent rise in Aβ was associated with subsequent changes in tau (1.07 flortaucipir standardized uptake value ratios [SUVr]/PiB-SUVr; 95% CI, 0.13-3.46; P = .02). Tau changes were associated with cognitive changes (-3.28 z scores/SUVR; 95% CI, -6.67 to -0.91; P = .001), covarying baseline Aβ and tau. Tau changes were greater in the participants who progressed to mild cognitive impairment (n = 6) than in those who did not (n = 11; 0.05 SUVr per year; 95% CI, 0.03-0.07; P = .001). A serial mediation model demonstrated that the association between initial Aβ and final cognition, measured 7 years later, was mediated by successive changes in Aβ and tau.We identified sequential changes in normal older adults, from Aβ to tau to cognition, after which the participants with high Aβ with greater tau increase met clinical criteria for mild cognitive impairment. These findings highlight the importance of repeated tau-PET observations to track disease progression and the importance of repeated amyloid-PET observations to detect the earliest AD pathologic changes.
Abstract 14804: Targeted Metabolomics Identify Elevated Serotonin Levels in Carriers of a TCF7L2 Diabetes-Risk Allele
Authors: Andreas Leiherer, Axel Muendlein, Kathrin Geiger, Christoph H Saely, Eva-Maria Brandtner, Barbara Larcher, Arthur Mader, Peter Fraunberger, Heinz Drexel
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: The transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) is part of the Wnt signaling pathway. Its polymorphism rs7903146 is associated with risk for metabolic diseases, primarily diabetes. Hypothe...
A rescue approach using a neo papilla for choledocholithiasis in patient with benign duodenal stricture
Authors: Hideyuki Shiomi, Arata Sakai, Takashi Kobayashi, Yuuki Shiomi, Atsuhiro Masuda, Jonard T. Co, Yuzo Kodama
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

In the management of biliary stones, transpapillary stone extraction during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been established as the standard treatment [1]. The procedure is occasionally difficult, especially in cases with benign stricture of the duodenum caused by groove pancreatitis [2]. Stone extraction under percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and surgery are conventionally performed as alternative methods after unsuccessful ERCP [3]. However, both methods are invasive and reduce patients’ quality of life. Here, we present a successful case of biliary stone extraction achieved via creation of a neo papilla ([Video 1]).
Estimating Renal Function in Pregnancy
Authors: Ning Dong, Hua-Guo Xu
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MicroRNA-215-5p Treatment Suppresses Mesothelioma Progression via the MDM2-p53-Signaling Axis
Authors: Anand Singh, Nisan Bhattacharyya, Abhishek Srivastava, Nathanael Pruett, R. Taylor Ripley, David S. Schrump, Chuong D. Hoang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2019)

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an incurable, aggressive neoplasm with distinctive features, including preservation of wild-type p53, irrespective of histologic subtype. We posited that this consistent molecular characteristic represents an underexploited therapeutic target that can be approached by leveraging biologic effects of microRNA (miRNA). The Cancer Genome Atlas was surveyed to identify p53-responsive prognostic miRNA(s) in MPM. Using patient samples, in vitro MPM cell lines, and murine tumor xenograft models, we verified specific gene pathways targeted by these miRNAs, and we examined their therapeutic effects. miR-215-5p is a poor prognosis miRNA downregulated in MPM tissues, which has not been recognized previously. When miR-215-5p was ectopically re-expressed in MPM cells and delivered in vivo to tumor xenografts, it exerted significant cell killing by activating p53 function and inducing apoptosis. The mechanistic basis for this effect is due to combinatorial effects of a positive feedback loop of miR-215-MDM2-p53 signaling, additional mouse double minute 2 (MDM2)-p53 positive feedback loop(s) with other miRNAs such as miR-145-5p, and suppression of diverse gene targets associated with cell cycle dynamics not previously drug treatable in MPM clinical studies. Our results suggest a potential pathophysiologic role for and therapeutic significance of miR-215-5p in MPM.
Tobacco related oral cancer
Authors: Pankaj Chaturvedi, Arjun Singh, Chih-Yen Chien, Saman Warnakulasuriya
Journal: BMJ (2019)

### What you need to know

Oral cancer accounts for over 140 000 deaths annually across the world. Over 300 000 people are diagnosed with oral cancer each year.1 The incidence of oral cancer in the United Kingdom has increased by 68% over the past 20 years.2 Most oral cancers result from tobacco smoking or using tobacco in other forms.34 In the developed world, oral cancers linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are on the rise.56 Tobacco related oral cancer is an important contributor to lost productivity in developing countries from premature deaths.7

General practitioners (GPs) can play an important role in prevention and in early recognition of signs and prompt referral of patients. In this clinical update, we review the presentation of tobacco related oral cancers and provide guidance for GPs, dentists, and nurses on how to spot oral cancer and further management.

Tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and poor diet together possibly explain about 90% of head and neck cancers.3 Smoking accounts for 75% of oral cancers in the United States,4 with higher risk for cancers of the larynx than for …
A Comparison of Angiogenesis and Glycolytic Imaging in Patients With Clinical Suspected Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Rakhee Vatsa, Abhiram Gopalajois Ashwathanarayana, Gurpreet Singh, Anwin Joseph Kavanal, Sunil Kumar, Nivedita Rana, Jaya Shukla, Bhagwant Rai Mittal
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

Abstract 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging is an important diagnostic tool for accurate staging and assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with locally advanced breast carcinoma (LABC). However, 18 F-FDG being non-specific marker, it also accumulates in inflammatory conditions, leading to false positive results. Angiogenesis, an essential characteristic for tumor development, intrusion and metastasis can be imaged using 68 Ga-labeled RGD tripeptide. We here depict a series of clinically staged LABC patients who underwent both 68 Ga-DOTA-RGD 2 and 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging for staging and illustrate the similarities and significant differences between the two tracers.
The public health control of scabies: priorities for research and action
Authors: Daniel Engelman, Paul T Cantey, Michael Marks, Anthony W Solomon, Aileen Y Chang, Olivier Chosidow, Wendemagegn Enbiale, Dirk Engels, Roderick J Hay, David Hendrickx, Peter J Hotez, John M Kaldor, Mike Kama, Charles D Mackenzie, James S McCarthy, Diana L Martin, Birhan Mengistu, Toby Maurer, Nebiyu Negussu, Lucia Romani, Oliver Sokana, Margot J Whitfeld, L Claire Fuller, Andrew C Steer
Journal: The Lancet (2019)
Endoscopic removal of an eroded silicone ring after banded sleeve gastrectomy using argon plasma coagulation
Authors: Saransh Jain, Mohit Bhandari
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

A 42-year-old woman, who had undergone banded sleeve gastrectomy 9 months previously, presented to us with abdominal pain and vomiting after meals for the preceding 1 month. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (Olympus gastroscope series 190) revealed erosion of the silicone ring in the stomach ([Fig. 1 a]). Removal of the eroded silicone ring was attempted using a therapeutic scope (Olympus gastroscope series 180 2 T) ([Video 1]). We grasped the ring using rat-tooth biopsy forceps and initially used endoscopic scissors to cut the ring ( [Fig.1 b]); however, we failed to remove it. We subsequently rotated the ring using two forceps to expose the site of the suture. We then cut the suture using argon plasma coagulation (APC; 60 W, flow 2 L/min) ([Fig. 1 c]) and removed the silicone ring ([Fig. 2]). Radiographic images using oral Gastrografin on postoperative day 1 showed no evidence of leakage ([Fig. 3]).
Disease Activity, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody Type, and Lipid Levels in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Zachary S. Wallace, Xiaoqing Fu, Katherine Liao, Cees G. M. Kallenberg, Carol A. Langford, Peter A. Merkel, Paul Monach, Philip Seo, Ulrich Specks, Robert Spiera, E. William St.Clair, Yuqing Zhang, Hyon Choi, John H. Stone
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2019)

Patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) have an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study was undertaken to develop a clearer understanding of the association between changes in disease activity and lipid levels in AAV, which may inform CVD risk stratification in this population.Lipid levels were assessed in stored serum samples (obtained at baseline and month 6) from the Rituximab for ANCA-Associated Vasculitis (RAVE) trial, which randomized patients to receive either rituximab or cyclophosphamide followed by azathioprine. Paired t-tests and multivariable linear regression were used to assess changes in lipid levels.Of the 142 patients with serum samples available, the mean ± SD age was 52.3 ± 14.7 years, 72 (51%) were male, 95 (67%) were proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA positive, 72 (51%) had received a new diagnosis of AAV, and 75 (53%) were treated with rituximab. Several lipid levels increased between baseline and month 6, including total cholesterol (+12.4 mg/dl [95% confidence interval (95% CI) +7.1, +21.0]), low-density lipoprotein (+10.3 mg/dl [95% CI +6.1, +17.1]), and apolipoprotein B (+3.5 mg/dl [95% CI +1.0, +8.3]). These changes were observed among newly diagnosed and PR3-ANCA-positive patients but not among those with relapsing disease or myeloperoxidase-ANCA-positive patients. There was no difference in change in lipid levels between rituximab-treated patients and cyclophosphamide-treated patients. Changes in lipid levels correlated with changes in erythrocyte sedimentation rate but not with other inflammatory markers or glucocorticoid exposure.Lipid levels increased during remission induction among patients with newly diagnosed AAV and those who were PR3-ANCA positive. Disease activity and ANCA type should be considered when assessing lipid profiles to stratify CVD risk in patients with AAV.