tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Supporting Breastfeeding Mothers During Dermatology Residency—Challenges and Best Practices
Authors: Lia E. Gracey, Erin F. Mathes, Kanade Shinkai
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Abdominal Core Health—A Needed Field in Surgery
Authors: Benjamin K. Poulose, Gina L. Adrales, Jeffrey E. Janis
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Profiles in Circulating Cell-Free DNA Associate with Disease Burden in Children with Neuroblastoma
Authors: Mark A. Applebaum, Erin K. Barr, Jason Karpus, Diana C. West-Szymanski, Meritxell Oliva, Elizabeth A. Sokol, Sheng Zhang, Zhou Zhang, Wei Zhang, Alexandre Chlenski, Helen R. Salwen, Emma Wilkinson, Marija Dobratic, Robert L. Grossman, Lucy A. Godley, Barbara E. Stranger, Chuan He, Susan L. Cohn
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) is an epigenetic marker of open chromatin and active gene expression. We profiled 5-hmC with Nano-hmC-Seal technology using 10 ng of plasma-derived cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in blood samples from patients with neuroblastoma to determine its utility as a biomarker.
The impact of diabetes on periodontal diseases
Authors: Dana T. Graves, Zhenjiang Ding, Yingming Yang
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2019)

Abstract The susceptibility and severity of periodontal diseases is made more severe by diabetes, with the impact on the disease process inversely proportional to the level of glycemic control. Although type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus have different etiologies, and their impact on bone is not identical, they share many of the same complications. Studies in animals and humans agree that both forms of diabetes increase inflammatory events in periodontal tissue, impair new bone formation, and increase expression of RANKL in response to bacterial challenge. High levels of glucose, reactive oxygen species, and advanced glycation end‐products are found in the periodontium of diabetic individuals and lead to increased activation of nuclear factor‐kappa B and expression of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor and interleukin‐1. Studies in animals, moreover, suggest that there are multiple cell types in periodontal tissues that are affected by diabetes, including leukocytes, vascular cells, mesenchymal stem cells, periodontal ligament fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes. The etiology of periodontal disease involves the host response to bacterial challenge that is affected by diabetes, which increases the expression of RANKL and reduces coupled bone formation. In addition, the inflammatory response also modifies the oral microbiota to render it more pathogenic, as demonstrated by increased inflammation and bone loss in animals where bacteria are transferred from diabetic donors to germ‐free hosts compared with transfer from normoglycemic donors. This approach has the advantage of not relying upon limited knowledge of the specific bacterial taxa to determine pathogenicity, and examines the overall impact of the microbiota rather than the presumed pathogenicity of a few bacterial groups. Thus, animal studies have provided new insights into pathogenic mechanisms that identify cause‐and‐effect relationships that are difficult to perform in human studies.
Modified full-thickness resection of a small subepithelial tumor with the help of a corkscrew
Authors: Bernhard Morell, Fritz Ruprecht Murray, Frans Olivier The, Simon Bütikofer, Christoph Gubler
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

With the advent of endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR), small subepithelial tumors (SETs) became easily resectable both in upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. Several studies have suggested that complete resection of SETs is achievable in the vast majority of cases and severe complications occur only rarely [1]. Whereas technical success in the case of mucosal or submucosal lesions is easy to accomplish, for tumors arising from the muscularis propria, an R0 resection is more difficult to achieve by EFTR [1]. Grasping these lesions with the Twin Grasper may lead to tenting of the mucosa and submucosa, which in turn leads to incomplete removal of the SET. To overcome this technical problem, we herein present the feasibility of EFTR using a tissue-retracting helix device that was originally designed as part of the OverStitch endoscopic suturing system (Apollo Endosurgery Inc., Austin, Texas, USA).
Abstract A20: Gemcitabine primes the pancreatic tumor microenvironment for second-line immunotherapy
Authors: Daniel R. Principe, Matthew Narbutis, Sandeep Kumar, Alex Park, Navin Viswakarma, Matthew J. Dorman, Suneel D. Kamath, Hidayatullah G. Munshi, Ajay Rana
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death with a median survival time of 6-12 months. As most patients present with disseminated disease, the majority are offered palliative chemotherapy. As there are no treatment strategies for patients who progress on chemotherapy, we explored the effects of long-term gemcitabine on the tumor microenvironment in order to identify potential therapeutic options in chemorefractory PDAC. Using a combination of mouse models and human-derived PDAC cell lines, we first evaluated chemotherapy-induced alterations in the tumor secretome and immune surface proteins by high-throughput proteomic arrays. In addition to enhancing antigen presentation and immune checkpoint expression, gemcitabine led to large-scale alterations in the tumor secretome, namely by increasing the synthesis of CCL/CXCL chemokines and TGFβ-associated proteins. These secreted factors altered the composition of the tumor stroma, conferring drug resistance to cancer-associated fibroblasts in vitro. We therefore combined gemcitabine with anti-PD-1 in transgenic models of murine PDAC, which failed to alter disease course unless mice also underwent genetic or pharmacologic ablation of TGFβ signaling. In the setting of TGFβ signal deficiency, gemcitabine and anti-PD-1 led to a robust CD8+ T cell-response and decrease in tumor burden. These results suggest that gemcitabine may prime PDAC tumors for immune checkpoint inhibition by enhancing antigen presentation, but requires the inhibition of a TGFβ cytokine barrier. Given the current lack of third-line treatment options, this approach warrants consideration in the management of gemcitabine-refractory PDAC. Citation Format: Daniel R. Principe, Matthew Narbutis, Sandeep Kumar, Alex Park, Navin Viswakarma, Matthew J. Dorman, Suneel D. Kamath, Hidayatullah G. Munshi, Ajay Rana. Gemcitabine primes the pancreatic tumor microenvironment for second-line immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Science and Clinical Care; 2019 Sept 6-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(24 Suppl):Abstract nr A20.
Valve Replacement in Active Bacterial Endocarditis
Authors: Blaine A. Braniff, Norman E. Shumway, Donald C. Harrison
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

ALTHOUGH the immediate mortality in patients with infective endocarditis has been dramatically reduced in the past two decades by the introduction of a number of antibiotics,1 valvular damage develops in a significant number of patients, who die within a few weeks of cardiac failure secondary to severe valvular insufficiency.2 In recent years the incidence of valvular perforations appears to have increased according to a review of autopsy findings by Robinson and Ruedy3 that showed an increase in the perforation rate in endocarditis from 15 per cent in the 1930's to 44 per cent in the 1950's. In their series 70 . . .
Impact of Gut Mycobiota Composition on Outcomes after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Florent Malard, Giorgia Battipaglia, Béatrice Gaugler, Rémy Duléry, Eolia Brissot, Tounes Ledraa, Razan Mohty, Harry Sokol, Mohamad Mohty
Journal: Blood (2019)
Making Machine Learning Accessible and Actionable for Clinicians
Authors: David F. Schneider
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

Kyan C. Safavi, MD, MBA; Taghi Khaniyev, PhD; Martin Copenhaver, PhD; Mark Seelen, MBA; Ana Cecilia Zenteno Langle, PhD; Jonathan Zanger, MS, MBA; Bethany Daily, MHA; Retsef Levi, PhD; Peter Dunn, MD
Response to Comment on Jakubowicz et al. Reduction in Glycated Hemoglobin and Daily Insulin Dose Alongside Circadian Clock Upregulation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Consuming a Three-Meal Diet: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Diabetes Care 2019;42:2171–2180
Authors: Oren Froy
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

The proposal that the protocol in our study (1) is not very different from implementing an intermittent fasting regimen with a feeding window of 5.5 h (0930–1500 h), corresponding to 18.5 h daily fasting (2), is correct. It has been shown that a feeding regimen with an inherent timing component provides a time cue for the circadian clock. For example, time-restricted feeding, which limits the time and duration of food availability without calorie reduction, affects circadian clocks in peripheral tissues causing uncoupling from the central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (3). As a result, many activities, such as body temperature, corticosterone secretion, gastrointestinal motility, and activity of digestive enzymes—all known output …
Anxiety and Depression Prevalence in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Life-Limiting Conditions
Authors: Shufang Liu, Wenquan Niu
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Prospective, Same-Day, Direct Comparison of Controlled Attenuation Parameter With the M vs the XL Probe in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Proton Density Fat Fraction as the Standard
Authors: Cyrielle Caussy, Justine Brissot, Seema Singh, Shirin Bassirian, Carolyn Hernandez, Ricki Bettencourt, Emily Rizo, Lisa Richards, Claude B. Sirlin, Rohit Loomba
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2019)
ATRA Could Correct the Defective S1P-Mediated Cytoskeletal Reorganization in Proplatelet Formation of ITP
Authors: Qiu-Sha Huang, Jing Xue, Chen-Cong Wang, Ya-Zhen Qin, Lan-Ping Xu, Kaiyan Liu, Xiao-Jun Huang, Xiao-Hui Zhang
Journal: Blood (2019)
Functional interactions between Mi-2β and AP1 complexes control response and recovery from skin barrier disruption
Authors: Sayaka Shibata, Mariko Kashiwagi, Bruce A. Morgan, Katia Georgopoulos
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2019)

Keratinocytes respond to environmental signals by eliciting induction of genes that preserve skin’s integrity. Here we show that the transcriptional response to stress signaling is supported by short-lived epigenetic changes. Comparison of chromatin accessibility and transcriptional changes induced by barrier disruption or by loss of the nucleosome remodeler Mi-2β identified their striking convergence in mouse and human keratinocytes. Mi-2β directly repressed genes induced by barrier disruption by restricting AP1-enriched promoter-distal sites, occupied by Mi-2β and JUNB at steady state and by c-JUN after Mi-2β depletion or stress signaling. Barrier disruption led to a modest reduction in Mi-2β expression and a further selective reduction of Mi-2β localization at stress response genes, possibly through competition with activated c-JUN. Consistent with a repressive role at stress response genes, genetic ablation of Mi-2β did not prevent reestablishment of barrier integrity but was required for return to homeostasis. Thus, a competition between Mi-2β–repressive and activating AP1 complexes may permit rapid transcriptional response to and resolution from stress signaling.
Self‐reported naevus density may lead to misclassification of melanoma risk
Authors: B. Betz‐Stablein, U. Koh, E.I. Plasmeijer, M. Janda, J.F. Aitken, H.P. Soyer, A.C. Green
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

Cutaneous melanoma incidence continues to rise, imposing a sizable burden on health services and society . The strongest known risk factor for melanoma is the presence of many melanocytic naevi . Naevus prevalence studies use a variety of counting methods from objective counts by dermatologists or research staff, to self-counts. This diversity likely contributes to the variation seen in prevalence estimates . Expert counts are more accurate but are labour-intensive and costly.
Double‐Layered M2e‐NA Protein Nanoparticle Immunization Induces Broad Cross‐Protection against Different Influenza Viruses in Mice
Authors: Ye Wang, Lei Deng, Gilbert X. Gonzalez, Latika Luthra, Chunhong Dong, Yao Ma, Jun Zou, Sang‐Moo Kang, Bao‐Zhong Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

The development of a universal influenza vaccine is an ideal strategy to eliminate public health threats from influenza epidemics and pandemics. This ultimate goal is restricted by the low immunogenicity of conserved influenza epitopes. Layered protein nanoparticles composed of well-designed conserved influenza structures have shown improved immunogenicity with new physical and biochemical features. Herein, structure-stabilized influenza matrix protein 2 ectodomain (M2e) and M2e-neuraminidase fusion (M2e-NA) recombinant proteins are generated and M2e protein nanoparticles and double-layered M2e-NA protein nanoparticles are produced by ethanol desolvation and chemical crosslinking. Immunizations with these protein nanoparticles induce immune protection against different viruses of homologous and heterosubtypic NA in mice. Double-layered M2e-NA protein nanoparticles induce higher levels of humoral and cellular responses compared with their comprising protein mixture or M2e nanoparticles. Strong cytotoxic T cell responses are induced in the layered M2e-NA protein nanoparticle groups. Antibody responses contribute to the heterosubtypic NA immune protection. The protective immunity is long lasting. These results demonstrate that double-layered protein nanoparticles containing structure-stabilized M2e and NA can be developed into a universal influenza vaccine or a synergistic component of such vaccines. Layered protein nanoparticles can be a general vaccine platform for different pathogens.
Distinct Polygenic Score Profiles in Schizophrenia Subgroups With Different Trajectories of Cognitive Development
Authors: Dwight Dickinson, Sofia R. Zaidman, Evan J. Giangrande, Daniel P. Eisenberg, Michael D. Gregory, Karen F. Berman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2019)

Different cognitive development histories in schizophrenia may reflect variation across dimensions of genetic influence. The authors derived and characterized cognitive development trajectory subgroups within a schizophrenia sample and profiled the subgroups across polygenic scores (PGSs) for schizophrenia, cognition, educational attainment, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Effect of Eplerenone on Diastolic Function in Women Receiving Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Margot K. Davis, MD, MS, Diego Villa, MD, Teresa S.M. Tsang, MD, Andrew Starovoytov, MD, Karen Gelmon, MD, Sean A. Virani, MD, MS, MPH
Journal: JACC CardioOncology (2019)

Anthracycline agents are commonly used in early breast cancer but are associated with dose-related cardiotoxicity. Diastolic dysfunction may be more common and occur earlier than systolic dysfunction ([1][1],[2][2]). Eplerenone is an oral mineralocorticoid antagonist (MRA); these agents prevent
Distinct Evolutionary Trajectories of Neuronal and Hair Cell Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors
Authors: Irina Marcovich, Marcelo J Moglie, Agustín E Carpaneto Freixas, Anabella P Trigila, Lucia F Franchini, Paola V Plazas, Marcela Lipovsek, Ana Belén Elgoyhen
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2019)

Abstract The expansion and pruning of ion channel families has played a crucial role in the evolution of nervous systems. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand-gated ion channels with distinct roles in synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction, the central and peripheral nervous system, and the inner ear. Remarkably, the complement of nAChR subunits has been highly conserved along vertebrate phylogeny. To ask whether the different subtypes of receptors underwent different evolutionary trajectories, we performed a comprehensive analysis of vertebrate nAChRs coding sequences, mouse single-cell expression patterns, and comparative functional properties of receptors from three representative tetrapod species. We found significant differences between hair cell and neuronal receptors that were most likely shaped by the differences in coexpression patterns and coassembly rules of component subunits. Thus, neuronal nAChRs showed high degree of coding sequence conservation, coupled to greater coexpression variance and conservation of functional properties across tetrapod clades. In contrast, hair cell α9α10 nAChRs exhibited greater sequence divergence, narrow coexpression pattern, and great variability of functional properties across species. These results point to differential substrates for random change within the family of gene paralogs that relate to the segregated roles of nAChRs in synaptic transmission.
Quality Assurance for Carotid Stenting in the CREST-2 Registry
Authors: Brajesh K. Lal, Gary S. Roubin, Kenneth Rosenfield, Donald Heck, Michael Jones, Brian Jankowitz, Tudor Jovin, Seemant Chaturvedi, Guilherme Dabus, Christopher J. White, William Gray, Jon Matsumura, Barry T. Katzen, L. Nelson Hopkins, Minerva Mayorga-Carlin, John D. Sorkin, George Howard, James F. Meschia, Thomas G. Brott
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Validation of the Eighth Edition Clinical T Categorization System for Clinical Stage IA, Resected Lung Adenocarcinomas: Prognostic Implications of the Ground-Glass Opacity Component
Authors: Hyungjin Kim, Jin Mo Goo, Young Tae Kim, Chang Min Park
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2019)

IntroductionThere is controversy regarding the clinical T (cT) category of lung adenocarcinomas that manifest as part-solid nodules (PSNs). We aimed to validate the cT category and to evaluate the independent prognostic role of the nodule type (i.e., part-solid versus solid).MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated the prognostic value of clinico-radiologic factors regarding the overall survival of patients with clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinomas that were resected between 2008 and 2014. cT Category, nodule type, and their interaction term were included in the multivariable Cox regression analysis with other variables. In addition, a mixture cure model analysis was performed to investigate the association between the covariates and long-term survival.ResultsA total of 744 patients (420 women; 362 PSNs; median age, 63 y) were included. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of the nodule type was not significant (1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80–2.10, p = 0.291). However, the cT categories were significantly associated with overall survival (HR of cT1b, 2.33 [95% CI: 1.07–5.06, p = 0.033]; HR of cT1c, 5.74 [95% CI: 2.51–13.12, p < 0.001]). There were no interactions between the nodule type and the cT categories (all p > 0.05). The multivariable mixture cure model revealed that solid nodules were associated with a decreased probability of long-term survival (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.18–0.92, p = 0.030). In addition, cT1c was a negative predictor of long-term survival (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.07–0.94, p = 0.040).ConclusionsThe cT categorization system is valid for PSNs and solid nodules. Nevertheless, PSNs are a prognostic factor associated with long-term survival.
Comment on Trinh et al. Successful Treatment of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Induced Diabetes With Infliximab. Diabetes Care 2019;42:e153–e154
Authors: Anna Galligan, Balasubramanian Krishnamurthy, Thomas W. Kay
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

Trinh et al. (1) have described normalization of plasma glucose concentrations coinciding with administration of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitor infliximab in a patient who had developed diabetes after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI).

Diabetes associated with programmed cell death (PD)-1/PD-ligand 1 inhibition is a significant complication occurring in around 0.9% of patients. The classic presentation is acute rise in blood glucose concentration with relatively low HbA1c and steroid-unresponsive progression to permanent islet failure. In a cohort of 64 patients, C-peptide was suppressed in more than 90% and GAD autoantibody was present in approximately half; 62% expressed the high-risk class II …