tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17236: Model of End-stage Liver Disease Excluding INR (MELD-XI) Scoring System Provides the Additional Long-term Prognostic Information to Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Admitted for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Takahisa Yamada, Takashi Morita, Yoshio Furukawa, Shunsuke Tamaki, Yusuke Iwasaki, Masato Kawasaki, Atsushi Kikuchi, Tsutomu Kawai, Masahiro Seo, Iyo Ikeda, Eiji Fukuhara, Jun Nakamura, Makoto Abe, Kiyomi Kayama, Masatsugu Kawahira, Kazuya Tanabe, Masatake Fukunami
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Backgrounds: Hospitalization for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is associated with high mortality after discharge. Liver dysfunction has a prognostic impact on the outcome of patients wit...
Frequency of Intracranial Hemorrhage With Low-Dose Aspirin in Individuals Without Symptomatic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Wen-Yi Huang, Jeffrey L. Saver, Yi-Ling Wu, Chun-Jen Lin, Meng Lee, Bruce Ovbiagele
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2019)

Use of low-dose aspirin for the primary prevention of cardiovascular events remains controversial because increased risk of bleeding may offset the overall benefit. Among major bleeding events, intracranial hemorrhage is associated with high mortality rates and functional dependency.To assess the risk of intracranial hemorrhage associated with low-dose aspirin among individuals without symptomatic cardiovascular disease.PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from January 1966 to October 30, 2018.Randomized clinical trials that compared low-dose aspirin (daily dose ≤100 mg) vs control and recorded the end points of intracranial hemorrhage separately for active treatment and control groups were included.A random-effect estimate was computed based on the Mantel-Haenszel method. Relative risk with 95% CI was used as a measure of aspirin vs control on risk of intracranial hemorrhage.The main outcomes were any intracranial hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, subdural or extradural hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, for aspirin vs control.The search identified 13 randomized clinical trials of low-dose aspirin use for primary prevention, enrolling 134 446 patients. Pooling the results from the random-effects model showed that low-dose aspirin, compared with control, was associated with an increased risk of any intracranial bleeding (8 trials; relative risk, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.13-1.66; 2 additional intracranial hemorrhages in 1000 people), with potentially the greatest relative risk increase for subdural or extradural hemorrhage (4 trials; relative risk, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.08-2.18) and less for intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Patient baseline features associated with heightened risk of intracerebral hemorrhage with low-dose aspirin, compared with control, were Asian race/ethnicity and low body mass index.Among people without symptomatic cardiovascular disease, use of low-dose aspirin was associated with an overall increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage, and heightened risk of intracerebral hemorrhage for those of Asian race/ethnicity or people with a low body mass index.
Neuromodulation of Urinary Tract Function
Authors: Thomas M. Kessler, Lori A. Birder, Pablo Gomery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

Control of the lower urinary tract is complex and poorly understood. A preclinical study showed that precise control of neuronal innervation can be achieved by engineering neurons to express light-activatable molecules that, upon activation, regulate neuronal firing and thus correct overactive bladder in a rat model.
Existe-il une différence endoscopique et pronostique entre les ulcères bulbaires hémorragiques post-AINS, et les ulcères bulbaires non liés aux AINS?
Authors: M Oualgouh, F Er-Rabie, Z Bouabane, N Abda, W Khannoussi, G Kharrasse, I Zahi, A El Mekkaoui
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

La toxicité digestive des anti inflammatoires non stéroïdiens (AINS) est fréquente. Parfois elle est grave notamment lorsqu'elle entraine une hémorragie ulcéreuse gastroduodénale. Les ulcères duodénaux hémorragiques post-AINS seraient plus graves que les ulcères duodénaux hémorragiques non liés aux AINS. L'objectif de cette étude est de comparer le statut endoscopique et pronostique des ulcères bulbaires hémorragiques post-AINS avec celui des ulcères bulbaires non liés aux AINS.
Polyamines and eIF5A Hypusination Modulate Mitochondrial Respiration and Macrophage Activation
Authors: Daniel J. Puleston, Michael D. Buck, Ramon I. Klein Geltink, Ryan L. Kyle, George Caputa, David O’Sullivan, Alanna M. Cameron, Angela Castoldi, Yaarub Musa, Agnieszka M. Kabat, Ying Zhang, Lea J. Flachsmann, Cameron S. Field, Annette E. Patterson, Stefanie Scherer, Francesca Alfei, Francesc Baixauli, S. Kyle Austin, Beth Kelly, Mai Matsushita, Jonathan D. Curtis, Katarzyna M. Grzes, Matteo Villa, Mauro Corrado, David E. Sanin, Jing Qiu, Nora Pällman, Katelyn Paz, Maria Elena Maccari, Bruce R. Blazar, Gerhard Mittler, Joerg M. Buescher, Dietmar Zehn, Sabine Rospert, Edward J. Pearce, Stefan Balabanov, Erika L. Pearce
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2019)

How cells adapt metabolism to meet demands is an active area of interest across biology. Among a broad range of functions, the polyamine spermidine is needed to hypusinate the translation factor eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A). We show here that hypusinated eIF5A (eIF5AH) promotes the efficient expression of a subset of mitochondrial proteins involved in the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Several of these proteins have mitochondrial targeting sequences (MTSs) that in part confer an increased dependency on eIF5AH. In macrophages, metabolic switching between OXPHOS and glycolysis supports divergent functional fates stimulated by activation signals. In these cells, hypusination of eIF5A appears to be dynamically regulated after activation. Using in vivo and in vitro models, we show that acute inhibition of this pathway blunts OXPHOS-dependent alternative activation, while leaving aerobic glycolysis-dependent classical activation intact. These results might have implications for therapeutically controlling macrophage activation by targeting the polyamine-eIF5A-hypusine axis.
E-cigarettes were more effective than nicotine replacement for smoking cessation at 1 year
Authors: Brian K. Erly, Allan V. Prochazka
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

ACP Journal Club21 May 2019E-cigarettes were more effective than nicotine replacement for smoking cessation at 1 yearBrian K. Erly, MD, MPH, Allan V. Prochazka, MD, MScBrian K. Erly, MD, MPHColorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA (B.K.E., A.V.P.)Search for more papers by this author, Allan V. Prochazka, MD, MScColorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA (B.K.E., A.V.P.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJ201905210-050 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationHajek P, Phillips-Waller A, Przulj D, et al. A randomized trial of e-cigarettes versus nicotine-replacement therapy. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:629-37. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30699054Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Pulmonology: Public Health: References1 Hartmann-Boyce J, McRobbie H, Bullen C, et al. Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;9:CD010216. [PMID: 27622384] Google Scholar2 Shahab L, Goniewicz ML, Blount BC, et al. Nicotine, carcinogen, and toxin exposure in long-term e-cigarette and nicotine replacement therapy users: a cross-sectional study. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166:390-400. [PMID: 28166548] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA (B.K.E., A.V.P.)This article was published at Annals.org on 7 May 2019. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 May 2019Volume 170, Issue 10Page: JC50KeywordsCancer preventionCarbon monoxideMouthNicotineNicotine replacement therapyRandomized trialsRelative riskSafetySmoking cessation ePublished: 21 May 2019 Issue Published: 21 May 2019 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2019 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Strategies to relieve dyspnoea in patients with advanced chronic respiratory diseases. A narrative review
Authors: N. Ambrosino, C. Fracchia
Journal: Pulmonology (2019)

The management of symptoms in patients with advanced chronic respiratory diseases needs more attention. This review summarizes the latest evidence on interventions to relieve dyspnoea in these patients. We searched randomised controlled trials, observational studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published between 1990 and 2019 in English in PubMed data base using the keywords. Dyspnoea, Breathlessness AND: pharmacological and non pharmacological therapy, oxygen, non invasive ventilation, pulmonary rehabilitation, alternative medicine, intensive care, palliative care, integrated care, self-management. Studies on drugs (e.g. bronchodilators) or interventions (e.g. lung volume reduction surgery, lung transplantation) to manage underlying conditions and complications, or tools for relief of associated symptoms such as pain, are not addressed. Relief of dyspnoea has received relatively little attention in clinical practice and literature. Many pharmacological and non pharmacological therapies are available to relieve dyspnoea, and improve patients' quality of life. There is a need for greater knowledge of the benefits and risks of these tools by doctors, patients and families to avoid unnecessary fears which might reduce or delay the delivery of appropriate care. We need services for multidisciplinary care in early and late phases of diseases. Early integration of palliative care with respiratory, primary care, and rehabilitation services can help patients and caregivers. Relief of dyspnoea as well as of any distressing symptom is a human right and an ethical duty for doctors and caregivers who have many potential resources to achieve this.
Abstract 4615: Mechanism of inhibition of MMTV-neu, -wnt1 and -Myc induced mammary oncogenesis by RARα agonist Am580
Authors: Eduardo F. Farias, Yongke Lu, Silvina Bertran, Avalon Garcia, Alexis Jones, Tracey-Ann Samuels
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract We tested whether specific activation of a single retinoic acid receptor, RAR alpha (RARα), without direct activation of RAR beta (RARβ) and gamma (RARγ), will inhibit mammary tumor oncogenesis in murine models relevant to human cancer. Fifty MMTV-neu (neu), 30 MMTV-myc (myc), and 50 MMTV-wnt1 (wnt1) transgenic mice were treated with 0.3mg/Kg/day RARα agonist, (retinobenzoic acid, Am580), added to the diet for 40 (neu), 50 (myc) and 35 weeks (wnt1), respectively. Different responses to the treatment were observed in the 3 mouse models, the wnt1 the more responsive, the neu with a mild response and a subset of the myc refractory to the treatment. Among the anti-tumor effects observed in the wnt1 and neu models was the inhibition of epithelial hyperplasia, a significant increase (p&amp;lt;0.05) in tumor-free survival, a reduction in tumor incidence and in growth of established tumors and lung metastasis dissemination (neu model, p&amp;lt;0.001). In both models the mechanisms responsible for these effects involved inhibition of proliferation and survival pathways, and induction of apoptosis. The stronger wnt1 response to Am580 also induced differentiation, both in vivo, and in 3D cultures. In these tumors Am580 inhibited the wnt-pathway, measured by loss of nuclear b-catenin, suggesting partial oncogene-dependence of therapy. Am580 treatment increased RARβ and lowered the level of RARγ, an isotype whose expression we linked to tumor proliferation. Interestingly, the myc mice showed a more complex response in which no significant effect was observed on tumor development but a clear reduction on tumor growth (p&amp;lt;0.001) and lung metastasis dissemination (p&amp;lt;0.01) in a subset of mice (63%). Immunohistological analysis showed scattered necrotic foci, induction of Cyp26A1, E-cadherin, CRBP1 and p27, known RARα response genes, suggesting that cell death, growth inhibition and differentiation are involved in the anti-tumor effect of Am580 in this model. As in the neu and wnt1 models, RARγ was overexpressed in the myc tumors, genetic and pharmacological approaches inhibiting RARγ expression and activity resulted in growth inhibition and differentiation in vitro (2D and 3D cultures). Finally, forced expression of CRBP1 in myc tumor derived cells inhibited tumor growth in xenografts (60%, p&amp;lt;0.05) suggesting that the induction of CRBP1 expression by Am580 can be, in part, responsible for the anti-tumor effect. The anti-cancer effect of RARα, together with the newly discovered pro-proliferative role of RARγ, suggests that specific activation of RARα and inhibition of RARγ might be effective in breast cancer therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4615.
If You Can Look Into the Seeds of Time, and Say Which Grain Will Grow and Which Will Not
Authors: Julie K. Heimbach, Timucin Taner
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Heimbach, Julie K. M.D.; Taner, Timucin M.D., Ph.D.Editor(s): Corey, Kathleen E.2; Malhi, Harmeet3 Author Information
ENDOCUFF-ASSISTED COLONOSCOPY INCREASES ADENOMA DETECTION RATE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: P Gkolfakis, G Tziatzios, K Triantafyllou
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Endocuff -a plastic device with flexible projections- mounted on the distal tip of the colonoscope, promises improved colonic mucosa inspection. Since data from individual studies are controversial, we aimed to elucidate the effect of Endocuff on adenoma detection rate (ADR), advanced ADR (AADR) and mean adeomas per colonoscopy (MAC).
Abstract 335: Gender Disparities in the Use of Therapeutic Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest: An Analysis From the Penn Alliance for Therapeutic Hypothermia (PATH) Registry
Authors: Sarah M Perman, Anne V Grossestreuer, David F Gaieski, Benjamin S Abella, Raina M Merchant, Lance B Becker
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Recent studies have shown that gender disparities exist in cardiac arrest outcomes and are thought to be multifactorial. Gender disparities in the use of therapeutic hypothermia have not been fully investigated and may contribute to disparities in survival and neurologic recovery after cardiac arrest. Objectives: We examined gender disparities in cardiac arrest care in a multi-center registry of post-arrest patients. Methods: The Penn Alliance for Therapeutic Hypothermia (PATH) Registry contains data from 18 hospitals nationwide. Patients are &gt;18 years of age, suffered either an in-hospital (IHCA) or out-of-hospital (OHCA) cardiac arrest, and presented to one of the enrolling centers. Demographic and arrest characteristics were analyzed with descriptive statistics, and gender comparisons were made for age, initial rhythm, bystander CPR, return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), use of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) and neurologic outcome (cerebral performance category (CPC)). Results: The PATH registry contained 1,767 eligible patients who suffered a cardiac arrest between 5/1/2005 and 4/30/2013. In total, 666 (42%) were female and mean age of women was 65.4 ± 18.1 years vs. men who were 62.3 ± 16.6 years (p&lt;0.001). There was no gender difference in the proportion of patients who suffered OHCA (1270) vs. IHCA (497). Of patients who suffered an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, 40% of men versus 34% of women received by-stander CPR (p=0.07). Women had a higher proportion of non-shockable rhythms (80% vs. 72%; p &lt;0.001), however, there was no difference in rate of ROSC (54% vs. 51%; p=0.11). Female patients who remained comatose after ROSC received TH less often then their male counterparts (56% vs. 62%; p=0.06), and demonstrated worse neurological outcomes at hospital discharge (CPC 1 or 2: 16% vs. 20%; p=0.03). Conclusion: Female patients were older, more likely to have non-shockable rhythms, and less likely to get by-stander CPR. There is disparity in the use of TH in female patients, with a trend towards more men receiving TH. Consequently, women have significantly worse rates of neurologic recovery then male victims of cardiac arrest. Future identification of the component factors responsible for this disparity may be amenable to change.
A nomogram integrating reverse phase protein array based proteomic signature and clinical variables improves prognostic prediction in non-metastatic breast cancer after surgery
Authors: Y. Junping, Q. Channan
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Most studies have used genomic profiles to dissect the heterogeneity of breast cancer (BC) to improve clinical outcome, however, very few studies pay attention to protein profiles. Thus, we aimed to explore the prognostic value of reverse phase protein array (RPPA)-based proteins and integrated them into a nomogram with clinical variables to predict outcomes in non-metastatic BC after surgery. Methods: From the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we identified 767 non-metastatic BC patients with RPPA-based proteins data and clinical features, and randomly classified them into the discovery (n = 460) and validation (n = 307) cohorts. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox's proportional hazard model was used to build the RPPA-based proteomic signature. A nomogram was constructed combing the proteomic signature and some predictive clinical variables. And the predictive accuracy of the predictive models was assessed with Brier score and Harrell's concordance index (c-index). Results: Using the LASSO Cox model, we built a RPPA-based proteomic signature (RPSBC) for BC based on 15 proteins: ATM, B-Raf, Bim, CD49b, Heregulin, Ku80, Lck, P-Cadherin, PDK1, PRAS40pT246, RbpS807_S811, SETD2, SrcpY527, Tuberin, eEF2K. To develop a more quantitative model to predict recurrence, a nomogram (nomoRCBC) combining RPSBC and clinical features (age, T stage, N stage, menopause status, and histological type) was constructed. Using recurrence scores calculated in the nomoRCBC, patients were classified into high-risk or low-risk groups. Between these groups, recurrence-free survival was significantly different in the discovery and validation (hazard ratio[HR]: 2.95,95%CI 1.51-5.77; p = 0.002) cohorts. In addition, the nomoRCBC had better prognostic validity than the TNM stage and other published predictive models. Moreover, this nomoRCBC could be used to predict which patients might benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery for breast cancer. Conclusions: Our nomoRCBC is a reliable prognostic and predictive tool for survival in patients with non-metastatic BC, which may facilitate personalized adjuvant chemotherapy. Legal entity responsible for the study: The authors. Funding: Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81472386, 81272340, and 81572901), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (No. 2012AA02A501), and the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China (Grant Nos. 2014B020212017 and 2014A020209024). Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Second line chemotherapy and visceral metastases are associated with poor survival in patients with mCRPC receiving <sup>177</sup>Lu-PSMA-617
Authors: Katharina Kessel, Robert Seifert, Michael Schäfers, Matthias Weckesser, Katrin Schlack, Martin Boegemann, Kambiz Rahbar
Journal: Theranostics (2019)

The purpose of this study was to identify previous treatments and biomarker profile features that prognosticate overall survival (OS) in patients with mCRPC receiving 177 Lu-PSMA-617.Methods: 109 mCRPC patients treated with a median of 3 cycles of 177 Lu-PSMA-617 were included.Data were analyzed according to OS as well as PSA response patterns with regard to prior therapies, laboratory biomarkers and metastatic extent in univariate as well as multivariate Cox's proportional hazards models.PSA decline was assessed using the lowest PSA levels after the first cycle of therapy (initial PSA response) and during the entire observation period (best PSA response).Results: In total, 54 patients (49.5%) died during the observation period.First and second line chemotherapy were performed in 85% and 26%, and Abiraterone and Enzalutamide were administered in 83% and 85%, respectively.Any initial PSA decline occurred in 55% while 25% showed a PSA decline of ≥50%.The median estimated OS was 9.9 months (95% CI: 7.2-12.5)for all patients.Any initial decline of PSA was associated with significantly prolonged OS (15.5 vs. 5.7 months, p = 0.002).Second line cabazitaxel chemotherapy (6.7 vs. 15.7 months, p = 0.002) and presence of visceral metastases (5.9 vs. 16.4 months, p<0.001) were associated with shorter OS.Only visceral metastases remained significant in a multivariate analysis.Conclusion: 177 Lu-PSMA-617 is an effective therapy for patients with mCRPC.However, the present data indicate that its beneficial effects on OS are strongly influenced by pretreatment (history of second line chemotherapy with cabazitaxel) and the presence of visceral metastases at onset of 177 Lu-PSMA-617 treatment.
PERORAL ENDOSCOPIC SEPTOTOMY (POES): A NOVEL ENDOSCOPIC APPROACH TO ZENKER'S DIVERTICULUM
Authors: R Maselli, A Cappello, M Spadaccini, A Fugazza, A Galtieri, R Palma, V Maria Ormando, G Pellegatta, V Craviotto, L Lamonaca, F D'Amico, E Chiara Ferrara, M Di Leo, S Carrara, A Anderloni, A Repici
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) arises as a result of an increased intraluminal pressure in the esophagus caused by the impaired relaxation of the cricopharyngeal muscle. Treatments aim to dissect the muscle in order to remove the underlying dysfunctional condition. Patients with short septum (≤2 cm) diverticulum represent a difficult to be treated subgroup of patients because of the anatomical space limitations leading to reduced operation space either for rigid and flexible endoscopic treatments. The aim of this video is to report an alternative procedure, called Per-oral endoscopic septotomy (POES) proposed to treat short-septum symptomatic ZD.
La cytoponction avec des mouvements répétées et des plusieurs pénétrations améliore les résultats de cytoponction des lésions suspectes du pancréas
Authors: R Alhameedi, F Le Pessot, N Aboalfaraj, S Lecleire
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

La cytoponction sous écho endoscopie considérée l'examen de référence pour le diagnostic des lésions tumorales du pancréas mais la confirmation histologique reste un problème fréquent (environ 25% de faux négatives selon les études). Il existe plusieurs techniques endoscopiques utilisées pour ce problème, incluant notamment l'utilisation d'aiguille de 19, l'élastografie, la ponction sans stylet et le capillaire (slow pull). Le nombre de mouvements répétées n'était pas étudiée et ainsi le nombre des pénétrations par chaque séance de cytoponction n'était pas étudiée.
A Fear Memory Engram and Its Plasticity in the Hypothalamic Oxytocin System
Authors: Mazahir T. Hasan, Ferdinand Althammer, Miriam Silva da Gouveia, Stephanie Goyon, Marina Eliava, Arthur Lefevre, Damien Kerspern, Jonas Schimmer, Androniki Raftogianni, Jerome Wahis, H. Sophie Knobloch-Bollmann, Yan Tang, Xinying Liu, Apar Jain, Virginie Chavant, Yannick Goumon, Jan-Marek Weislogel, René Hurlemann, Sabine C. Herpertz, Claudia Pitzer, Pascal Darbon, Godwin K. Dogbevia, Ilaria Bertocchi, Matthew E. Larkum, Rolf Sprengel, Hilmar Bading, Alexandre Charlet, Valery Grinevich
Journal: Neuron (2019)