tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Carfilzomib Weekly plus Melphalan and Prednisone in Newly Diagnosed Transplant-Ineligible Multiple Myeloma (IFM 2012-03): A Phase I Trial
Authors: Xavier Leleu, Guillemette Fouquet, Valentine Richez, Stéphanie Guidez, Alain Duhamel, François Machuron, Lionel Karlin, Brigitte Kolb, Mourad Tiab, Carla Araujo, Nathalie Meuleman, Jean-Valère Malfuson, Pascal Bourquard, Pascal Lenain, Murielle Roussel, Arnaud Jaccard, Marie-Odile Pétillon, Karim Belhadj-Merzoug, Gérard Lepeu, Marie-Lorraine Chrétien, Jean Fontan, Philippe Rodon, Anna Schmitt, Fritz Offner, Laurent Voillat, Sophie Cereja, Frédérique Kuhnowski, Sophie Rigaudeau, Olivier Decaux, Catherine Humbrecht-Kraut, Jamile Frayfer, Olivier Fitoussi, Damien Roos-Weil, Jean-Claude Eisenmann, Véronique Dorvaux, Eric G. Voog, Michel Attal, Philippe Moreau, Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Cyrille Hulin, Thierry Facon
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Carfilzomib is a novel generation proteasome inhibitor. The Carmysap trial demonstrated that twice-weekly KMP (carfilzomib, melphalan, prednisone) might challenge the MPV (melphalan, prednisone, bortezomib) standard. We sought to study KMP weekly, allowing to increase carfilzomib's dose with maintained efficacy and improved safety profile.IFM2012-03, a phase I multicenter study of KMP weekly in elderly patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (eNDMM), aimed to determine the MTD of carfilzomib. Carfilzomib was given intravenously at 36, 45, 56, and 70 mg/m2/day on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 with melphalan and prednisone, for nine 35-day induction cycles, followed by carfilzomib maintenance for 1 year. Three dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) determined MTD at the lower dose.Thirty eNDMMs were treated, 6 per cohort at 36, 45, and 56 mg/m2 and 12 at 70 mg/m². There was one DLT at 36 mg/m2 (lymphopenia), one at 45 mg/m2 (lysis syndrome), two at 56 mg/m2 (cardiac insufficiency and febrile neutropenia), and two at 70 mg/m2 (vomiting and elevated liver enzymes). The safety profile was acceptable; however, specific attention must be paid to the risk of cardiovascular events, especially for elderly patients. The overall response rate was 93.3%, with 46.6% complete response.The MTD dose of carfilzomib was 70 mg/m2 in this KMP weekly study in eNDMM. Response rates, and especially CR rate, were remarkable in this population, and would benefit from being assessed in a larger-scale study. The IFM2012-03 study demonstrated that the MTD of carfilzomib weekly is 70 mg/m2 in eNDMM, and 56 mg/m2 for patients older than 75 years. Carfilzomib used weekly in combination has a good efficacy and safety profile in eNDMM.
Long-Term Liver-Related Outcomes in Hepatitis B and D Co-Infected Patients in Sweden
Authors: Habiba Kamal, Karolin Falconer, Gabriel Westman, Ann-Sofi Duberg, Ola R. H. J. Weiland, Rune Wejstal, Tony Carlssson, Christian Kampmann, Per Bjoerkman, Anders Nystedt, Kristina Cardell, Stefan Svensson, Stephan Stenmark, Heiner Wedemeyer, Soo Aleman
Journal: Hepatology (2018)
The International Collaborative Effusion (ICE) database: an ERS Clinical Research Collaboration
Authors: Rahul Bhatnagar, Julius Janssen, Nick Maskell
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

Pleural medicine is now well-established as an important subspecialty of respiratory medicine, with pleural effusions alone estimated to affect over 2 million people per year in Europe [1]. The range of pleural conditions is broad, encompassing those which are malignant or benign; treatable and requiring palliation; and acute or chronic. Interventions such as thoracoscopy and indwelling pleural catheters play a key role in the pleural specialist's arsenal, as does the increasingly ubiquitous thoracic ultrasound. Indeed, technological improvements have not only fuelled the ultrasound revolution but have also led to developments in other forms of diagnostic imaging and testing specifically geared towards the patient with a pleural condition [2]. The ICE database project is a new ERS Clinical Research Collaboration aiming to establish and improve multinational projects in pleural disease <http://bit.ly/2G4FvgO> The authors would like to thank the following for their contribution to the ICE database so far: Marios Froudrakis, Stavros Anevlavis (Alexandropoulos, Greece); Ales Rozman (Golnik, Slovenia); Arnaud Scherpereel (Lille, France); Charles Marquette (Nice, France); Philippe Astoul (Marseille, France); Jose Porcel (Lleida, Spain); Uffe Bodtger (Naestved, Denmark); Najib Rahman (Oxford, UK); John Corcoran (Plymouth, UK); Mohammed Munavvar (Preston, UK); Steven Walker, Alison Horne (Bristol, UK); Coenraad Koegelenberg, Jane Shaw (Cape Town, South Africa); Peter Driesen (Turnhout, Belgium); Magdalena Grabczak, Piotr Korczynski, Rafal Krenke (Warsaw, Poland).
Student denied letter of recommendation for not believing in evolution
Authors: Oveys Mansuri
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A biology professor refusing to write letters of recommendation for students who do not believe in evolution is now under federal investigation by the US Justice Department.

The complaint was filed against Texas Tech University and professor Michael Dini by the Liberty Legal Institute on behalf of Micah Spradling, a 22 year old student at the university.



The Liberty Legal Institute is a religious freedom group that calls Dini's policy “open religious bigotry.” Spradling, who wants to pursue a medical career, needed a letter of recommendation from a biology professor but was uncomfortable with saying he believed in human evolution, as he did not.

University spokeswoman Cindy Rugeley has indicated …
The laureate, the worm, and RNAi
Authors: Ajit Goenka, Hrishikesh Kulkarni
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<b>Craig Mello</b> is one of the two joint winners of the 2006 Nobel prize in physiology or medicine, for the “discovery of RNA interference gene silencing by double stranded RNA.” <b>Ajit Goenka</b> and <b>Hrishikesh Kulkarni</b> caught up with him
Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for Medical Prediction Should Be Nonproprietary and Readily Available—Reply
Authors: Fei Wang, Lawrence Peter Casalino, Dhruv Khullar
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
EAACI position paper: Influence of dietary fatty acids on asthma, food allergy, and atopic dermatitis
Authors: Carina Venter, Rosan W. Meyer, Bright I. Nwaru, Caroline Roduit, Eva Untersmayr, Karine Adel‐Patient, Ioana Agache, Carlo Agostoni, Cezmi A. Akdis, Stephan C. Bischoff, George du Toit, Mary Feeney, Remo Frei, Holger Garn, Matthew Greenhawt, Karin Hoffmann‐Sommergruber, Nonhlanhla Lunjani, Kate Maslin, Clare Mills, Antonella Muraro, Isabella Pali‐Schöll, Lars K. Poulson, Imke Reese, Harald Renz, Graham C. Roberts, Peter Smith, Sylwia Smolinska, Milena Sokolowska, Catherine Stanton, Berber Vlieg‐Boerstra, Liam O'Mahony
Journal: Allergy (2019)

Abstract The prevalence of allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergy, and atopic dermatitis has increased dramatically during the last decades, which is associated with altered environmental exposures and lifestyle practices. The purpose of this review was to highlight the potential role for dietary fatty acids, in the prevention and management of these disorders. In addition to their nutritive value, fatty acids have important immunoregulatory effects. Fatty acid‐associated biological mechanisms, human epidemiology, and intervention studies are summarized in this review. The influence of genetics and the microbiome on fatty acid metabolism is also discussed. Despite critical gaps in our current knowledge, it is increasingly apparent that dietary intake of fatty acids may influence the development of inflammatory and tolerogenic immune responses. However, the lack of standardized formats (ie, food versus supplement) and standardized doses, and frequently a lack of prestudy serum fatty acid level assessments in clinical studies significantly limit our ability to compare allergy outcomes across studies and to provide clear recommendations at this time. Future studies must address these limitations and individualized medical approaches should consider the inclusion of specific dietary factors for the prevention and management of asthma, food allergy, and atopic dermatitis.
Mitochondrial alterations may underlie race-specific differences in cancer risk and outcome
Authors: Jennifer L. Beebe-Dimmer, Kathleen A. Cooney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2019)

African Americans are at increased risk of cancer and associated mortalities compared with European American populations. Socioeconomic, cultural, and biological factors have been implicated in this discrepancy. In this issue of the JCI, Piyarathna et al. identify a set of genes that are upregulated in a number of tumor types in African American cancer patients as compared with European American patients. These genes were associated with enhanced oxidative phosphorylation and upregulation of transcription factors that promote mitochondrial biogenesis, resulting in greater numbers of mitochondria in tumor samples from African American subjects. Together, these results indicate that mitochondria dysfunction may underlie the increased cancer incidence and poor outcomes observed in African American patients.
Artwork is useful in teaching visual diagnostic skills
Authors: Samantha Chan
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Researchers at Yale have shown that with the help of detailed artwork, first year medical students can be trained to become better observers. The two year study was a joint project between Irwin Braverman, professor of dermatology at Yale School of Medicine; Jacqueline Dolev, dermatologist and Yale graduate; and Linda Friedlaender, curator of education at the Yale Center for British Art. The three developed a tutorial called the Yale …
Declining trend in incidence of tuberculosis in adolescents and young adults in Taiwan
Authors: Ying-Ying Chen, Sheng-Wei Pan, Hsiang-Shi Shen, Fan-Yi Chuang, Jia-Yih Feng, Wei-Juin Su
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

<b>The incidence of tuberculosis in adolescents and young adults in Taiwan has a faster declining trend than that in the elderly population after implementation of the directly observed treatment short-course programme and active contact investigation</b>http://ow.ly/X8hN30ok9PJ
Not just skin deep: Professor William Cunliffe
Authors: Kay Brennan
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The leading acne researcher, recently retired from a 30 year post at the Department of Dermatology at Leeds General Infirmary, talks to Kay Brennan about his career

“I was a spotty student,” Cunliffe confesses, explaining his interest in acne, which began when he was a medical student in Manchester. “I went to see a dermatologist and was given a diagnosis of acne, but no one could tell me what caused it. I wanted to find answers. Very little was known back then about acne: you were supposed to accept and get on with it.”

His acne persisted as a junior doctor and, after passing Member of the Royal College of Physicians exams, he applied for a post as a dermatology research registrar in Newcastle. “I was recommended to work with Sam Shuster, in Newcastle, an up and coming chap who was probably the first true clinical scientist in dermatology in the United Kingdom. He had very revolutionary ideas on the mechanisms behind acne and was a very inspiring and dynamic man.”

Shuster was a demanding boss: “I learnt never to promise to be home for Sunday lunch and usually didn't make it for Monday lunch either. We were pushed …
Abstract 044: Cardiorespiratory Fitness May Explain a Proportion of Observed Racial Disparity in Incident Chronic Kidney Disease over 30 Years: Results From the CARDIA Study
Authors: Amanda E Paluch, Lindsay Pool, Tamara Isakova, Myles Wolf, Rupal Mehta, Carmen Peralta, Cora E Lewis, Pamela Schreiner, Stephen Sidney, Mercedes Carnethon
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Racial and ethnic minorities are at higher risk for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) can reduce the risk of a rapid decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and incidence of CKD. Little is known regarding how CRF contributes to racial disparities in CKD. Hypotheses: We hypothesized that: 1) baseline CRF is inversely associated with the risk of incident CKD after adjustment for covariates and 2) differences in baseline CRF account for a proportion of the disparity in incident CKD between blacks and whites. Methods: A total of 4328 young adults without CKD (age 24.8±3.6 years, 52.8% (n=2285) women, 51.9% (n=2247 black) completed a maximal graded treadmill test at baseline. We calculated eGFR using the CKD-EPI formula (baseline eGFR: 102.1±17.9 and 92.3±14.1 mL/minute/1.73 m 2 for blacks and whites, respectively). We defined CKD status as eGFR of &lt;60 mL/minute/1.73 m 2 during 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 year follow-up assessments. Multivariable Cox models examined hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incidence of CKD. Models adjusted for baseline race, sex, age, field center, alcohol intake, smoking status, healthy eating index, eGFR, maximal educational attainment, and time-varying BMI, diabetes, and hypertension. The percent reduction in parameter estimates determined the excess risk explained according to CRF. Results: During the 30 years of follow-up, 84 blacks and 43 whites developed CKD. Every 1-minute lower treadmill duration associated with 12% higher rate of CKD (HR=1.12 (1.01-1.22)). Blacks were 1.89 times more likely to develop CKD compared to whites (HR=1.89 (1.23-2.91)). This was reduced to 1.75 (1.13-2.70) with CRF added to the model. This corresponds to a β reduction of 14.3% for race according to CRF. Conclusion: Both low fitness during young adulthood and black race are associated with higher incidence of CKD later in life. Fitness is a modifiable factor that could be targeted to address a portion of the disparity gap in CKD.
Doctors accused of “institutional racism”
Authors: Siân Knight
Journal: BMJ (2000)

A governmental inquiry into working practices has criticised doctors for “institutional racism.” Produced by an all-party Social Security Select Committee, the report contained evidence that people from ethnic minorities are subject to discrimination during medical consultations.

The report examined the work of the Medical Service and its Examining Medical Practitioners, the doctors who examine claimants for the Government Benefits Agency. It follows a recent admission from Mike O'Brien, a Home Office minister, that his department is “institutionally racist”. …
Guy's New Hospital damaged by flood
Authors: Alex Brooks
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Flooding at Guy's Hospital, London, has caused millions of pounds worth of damage to the medical school and hospital.

Water poured from St Thomas's Street rapidly - 1 tonne a second - and spread through the basements of medical school and hospital buildings through a network of underground passages. The water, which was contaminated with sewage, gushed into Boland House, ripping doors from their frames and overturning snooker tables. The bar and new nightclub had only been open for three weeks, after a major refurbishment over the summer.

Ben Thorpe, the vice president of Guy's, King's and St Thomas's Medical …
Sponsor a student
Authors: Asoka Thenabadu
Journal: BMJ (2005)

In Sri Lanka, where I went to medical school, as in other developing countries, there are many medical students who are bright but whose parents cannot afford to pay for their university education. The education system in Sri Lanka has been free since Sri Lankan independence from British rule in 1948. Despite this, students from poorer families face difficulties.

A large number of these students are from rural areas. The living expenses are high in the cities and the medical textbooks expensive. Medical school libraries are usually small with only a few copies of each textbook available, limited to overnight borrowing. During my medical school days, we studied from notes we took down during …
Doing research in Boston, USA
Authors: Aneil Malhotra
Journal: BMJ (2002)

During my first two years at medical school, the course was designed to “establish a sound basis of scientific knowledge on which clinical experience can be built.” Two years later I had had my fair share of pipetting, centrifuging, and looking down microscopes. So why did I think a summer of research at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States, might do me some good?

I visited Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in January for a week, and there was not enough time to visit Boston itself. So I decided to come back and spend part of my summer exploring the city and doing some medically related work. After several application forms I received in March an offer for summer work at Harvard Medical School. Mountains of paperwork loomed ahead of me and by mid-May, I could hardly see the carpet under the visa applications scattered over my floor. I now have all my personal details engraved on my desk from …
Saints of Humanity: Selections from Sir William Oslers Recommended Bedside Library
Authors: Sanjay A Pai
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Of the many roles that Sir William Osler played—excellent doctor, writer, bibliophile, medical teacher, philospher, and more—none was closer to his heart than the contributions that he made to medical education. Osler stated that he would “desire no better epitaph … than the statement that [he] taught medical students in the wards.” He also believed that it was important for a medical student to “try to get the education, …
Learning right from … inappropriate
Authors: Carl Morris
Journal: BMJ (2002)

I suspect that the age at which the concept of “appropriateness” is introduced may be getting younger.

Perhaps its just me, or have “appropriate” and “inappropriate” become catch all terms for the new millennium? Once these terms were reserved for use by academics, but now it seems that everyones using them: teachers, market researchers, even sports commentators. No one, nowadays, is just plain wrong.

Dont take this …
The advice zone
Authors: Jim Bolton, Adam Poole, Simon Eccles, Sabina Dosani, Elitham B Turya
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Got a career or university related problem that needs answering? Can9t find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone at www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone to post a question or to see if one of our experts has already solved your problem
Medicine in Quotations
Authors: Berislav Marusic, Drazen Pulanic
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Shakespeare wrote, “And so, from hour to hour, we ripe and ripe. And then, from hour to hour, we rot and rot; and thereby hangs a tale.” There are many tales to be told. And they are long tales. Medicine in Quotations contains the beginnings to many of them. With 3099 quotations it reminds us of the paths that medicine took …
Reactive oxygen species: a volatile driver of field cancerization and metastasis
Authors: Zehuan Liao, Damien Chua, Nguan Soon Tan
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2019)

Field cancerization and metastasis are the leading causes for cancer recurrence and mortality in cancer patients. The formation of primary, secondary tumors or metastasis is greatly influenced by multifaceted tumor-stroma interactions, in which stromal components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) can affect the behavior of the cancer cells. Many studies have identified cytokines and growth factors as cell signaling molecules that aid cell to cell communication. However, the functional contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a family of volatile chemicals, as communication molecules are less understood. Cancer cells and various tumor-associated stromal cells produce and secrete a copious amount of ROS into the TME. Intracellular ROS modulate cell signaling cascades that aid in the acquisition of several hallmarks of cancers. Extracellular ROS help to propagate, amplify, and effectively create a mutagenic and oncogenic field which facilitate the formation of multifoci tumors and act as a springboard for metastatic tumor cells. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of ROS as atypical paracrine signaling molecules for field cancerization and metastasis. Field cancerization and metastasis are often discussed separately; we offer a model that placed these events with ROS as the focal instigating agent in a broader "seed-soil" hypothesis.
Prediction of Onset of Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder and Its Progression to Schizophrenia in a Swedish National Sample
Authors: Kenneth S. Kendler, Henrik Ohlsson, Jan Sundquist, Kristina Sundquist
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2019)

Objective: The objective of this study was to clarify the etiology of substance-induced psychotic disorder and its progression to schizophrenia in a Swedish national sample. Methods: Individuals with a registration of substance-induced psychotic disorder between 1997 and 2015 in national medical registries (N=7,606) were followed up for a mean of 84 months. Data from medical, criminal, and pharmacy registries on first-degree through third-degree relatives were used to calculate familial risk scores for nonaffective psychosis, drug abuse, and alcohol use disorder. Results: Individuals with substance-induced psychotic disorder had large elevations in standardized familial risk scores for drug abuse (+1.09, 95% CI=1.02, 1.15) and alcohol use disorder (+0.98, 95% CI=0.93, 1.03) and modest elevations for nonaffective psychosis (+0.35, 95% CI=0.30, 0.41). The cumulative risk for progression to schizophrenia was 11.3%; it was lowest for alcohol-induced and highest for cannabis-induced psychotic disorder, and it was predicted by early age at diagnosis of substance-induced psychotic disorder, male sex, and further registrations for episodes of drug abuse, alcohol use disorder, and substance-induced psychotic disorder. A risk prediction model found that 47% of individuals who converted to schizophrenia were in the upper 20% of risk. Familial risk scores for drug abuse and alcohol use disorder did not significantly discriminate those who converted to schizophrenia from those who did not, while familial risk score for nonaffective psychosis did (0.67, 95% CI=0.40, 0.95, versus 0.33, 95% CI=0.28, 0.39). Familial risk scores for nonaffective psychosis were indistinguishable between individuals with schizophrenia with and without prior substance-induced psychosis. Assignment of early retirement by the Swedish Social Insurance Agency strongly discriminated between individuals with substance-induced psychotic disorder with and without later schizophrenia. Conclusions: Substance-induced psychotic disorder appears to result from substantial drug exposure in individuals at high familial risk for substance abuse and moderately elevated familial risk for psychosis. Familial risk for psychosis, but not substance abuse, predicts progression from substance-induced psychosis to schizophrenia. Schizophrenia following substance-induced psychosis is likely a drug-precipitated disorder in highly vulnerable individuals, not a syndrome predominantly caused by drug exposure.