tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16567: Are Echocardiogram and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Comparable in Measuring Maximal Septal Thickness in Children With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
Authors: Sonya Kirmani, Pamela K Woodard, Ling Shi, Charles E Canter, Steven D Colan, Elfriede Pahl, Jeffrey A Towbin, Steven A Webber, Joseph W Rossano, Melanie D Everitt, Kimberly M Molina, Paul F Kantor, John L Jefferies, Brian Feingold, Linda J Addonizio, Stephanie M Ware, Wendy K Chung, Jean A Ballweg, Teresa M Lee, Hiedy Razoky, Jason D Czachor, Fatima I Lunze, Edward Marcus, James D Wilkinson, Steven E Lipshultz
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Maximal interventricular septal wall thickness is a key measurement in patients with HCM, influencing decision making for ICD placement. Frequent MRIs are often obtained due to perceived inaccuracy of wall thickness with echocardiographic measurements. As children generally have good acoustic windows, we hypothesize that that in children there will be strong correlation between echocardiogram and MRI assessment of myocardial thickness and left ventricular dimensions. Methods: Using a cohort from the Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Biomarkers Study, protocolized echocardiograms and MRIs from 55 children (median age 13.8 yr, range 1-20 yr) were analyzed in a core lab for left ventricular end-diastolic (LVEDV) and end-systolic dimensions (LVESV), LV mass, and maximal interventricular septal wall thickness. Studies were obtained on average within 4 days of each other. Results: 51/55 pairs of echocardiograms and MRIs were analyzed for LVEDV and LVESV. No strong correlation was seen between LVEDV (r = 0.18...
An Organizational-Level Program of Intervention for AKI: A Pragmatic Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Nicholas M. Selby, Anna Casula, Laura Lamming, John Stoves, Yohan Samarasinghe, Andrew J. Lewington, Russell Roberts, Nikunj Shah, Melanie Johnson, Natalie Jackson, Carol Jones, Erik Lenguerrand, Eileen McDonach, Richard J. Fluck, Mohammed A. Mohammed, Fergus J. Caskey
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2019)

Variable standards of care may contribute to poor outcomes associated with AKI. We evaluated whether a multifaceted intervention (AKI e-alerts, an AKI care bundle, and an education program) would improve delivery of care and patient outcomes at an organizational level.A multicenter, pragmatic, stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial was performed in five UK hospitals, involving patients with AKI aged ≥18 years. The intervention was introduced sequentially across fixed three-month periods according to a randomly determined schedule until all hospitals were exposed. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality, with pre-specified secondary endpoints and a nested evaluation of care process delivery. The nature of the intervention precluded blinding, but data collection and analysis were independent of project delivery teams.We studied 24,059 AKI episodes, finding an overall 30-day mortality of 24.5%, with no difference between control and intervention periods. Hospital length of stay was reduced with the intervention (decreases of 0.7, 1.1, and 1.3 days at the 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7 quantiles, respectively). AKI incidence increased and was mirrored by an increase in the proportion of patients with a coded diagnosis of AKI. Our assessment of process measures in 1048 patients showed improvements in several metrics including AKI recognition, medication optimization, and fluid assessment.A complex, hospital-wide intervention to reduce harm associated with AKI did not reduce 30-day AKI mortality but did result in reductions in hospital length of stay, accompanied by improvements in in quality of care. An increase in AKI incidence likely reflected improved recognition.
Vallikalayil Verghese Abraham
Authors: Sarah Abraham
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Vallikalayil Verghese Abraham was born in Trivandrum, Kerala, India, one of five sons. He completed a BSc in Madras in 1954 and his MBBS in Kerala in 1961. Between 1961 and 1969 he worked for the Kerala government health service as an assistant surgeon.

In 1969, he moved to the UK; his wife and daughter joined him in 1971. For the first …
Inflammatory Activity of Tumoral Calcinosis in a Patient With Fever of Unknown Origin
Authors: Falk Gühne, Robert Drescher, Philipp Seifert, Martin Busch, Martin Freesmeyer
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

Abstract Unexpected inflammatory activity of tumoral calcinosis periarticular to the shoulders and hips in a man with recurrent fever of unknown origin and dialysis-dependent kidney insufficiency was revealed by FDG PET/CT. In absence of other pathologies, the calcinosis was deemed to be the cause of the fever. An infectious or malignant disease could be ruled out, so further therapeutic steps were enabled.
Abstract 3250: Sirolimus-Eluting Versus Bare-Metal Stents for the Reduction of Coronary Restenosis: Outcome and Economic Analysis of the GERSHWIN Study
Authors: Stefan N Willich, Bernd Bruggenjurgen, Doreen McBride, Christoph Bode, Christian Hamm, Karl-Heinz Kuck
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Glucocorticoids-Resistant Leukemic B-Cells Undergo a Phenotypic Change That Increases Sensitivity to SRC/ABL Inhibition
Authors: Jolanda Sarno, Christina Bligaard Pedersen, Astraea Jager, Tyler Burns, Giuseppe Gaipa, Garry P. Nolan, Alessio Felice Bava, Kara L. Davis
Journal: Blood (2018)
IMMU-04. IMMUNOPHENOTYPING OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS: CORRELATING IMMUNE INFILTRATE WITH HISTOLOGY, MUTATIONAL LOAD, AND SURVIVAL AND ASSESSING CLONAL T CELL RESPONSE
Authors: Ashley Plant, Shohei Koyama, Claire Sinai, Isaac Solomon, Gabriel Griffin, Rebecca Betensky, Ryan Emerson, Glenn Dranoff, Mark Kieran, Jerome Ritz
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

There is little known regarding the immune infiltrate present in pediatric brain tumors and how this compares to what is known about histologically similar adult tumors and its correlation with survival. Here, we provide a descriptive analysis of the immune infiltrate of 22 fresh pediatric brain tumor tissue samples of mixed diagnoses and 40 peripheral blood samples. Samples were analyzed using a flow cytometry panel containing markers for immune cell subtypes, costimulatory markers, inhibitory signals, and markers of activation. This was compared to the standard method of immunohistochemistry (IHC) for immune markers for 89 primary pediatric brain tumors. Both flow cytometry and IHC data did not correlate with the grade of tumor and IHC data was not significantly associated with survival for either low grade or high grade gliomas. There is a trend towards a more immunosuppressive phenotype in higher grade tumors including more regulatory T cells and B cells. Both PD1 and PDL1 were present in only a small percentage of the tumor infiltrate. Elisa assays for NKG2D soluble ligands was also negative for all tumor types. T cell receptor sequencing revealed up to 10% clonality of T cells in tumor infiltrates and no significant difference in clonality between low and high grade gliomas. We have shown the immune infiltrate of pediatric brain tumors does not appear to correlate with grade or survival for a small sample of patients. Further research and larger studies are needed to fully understand the interaction of pediatric brain tumors and the immune system.
Building Trust Between Physicians, Hospitals, and Payers
Authors: Lewis G. Sandy, Hoangmai H. Pham, Sharon Levine
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Breast Cancer, Version 3.2018
Authors: Matthew P. Goetz, William J. Gradishar, Benjamin O. Anderson, Jame Abraham, Rebecca Aft, Kimberly H. Allison, Sarah L. Blair, Harold J. Burstein, Chau Dang, Anthony D. Elias, William B. Farrar, Sharon H. Giordano, Lori J. Goldstein, Steven J. Isakoff, Janice Lyons, P. Kelly Marcom, Ingrid A. Mayer, Meena S. Moran, Joanne Mortimer, Ruth M. O'Regan, Sameer A. Patel, Lori J. Pierce, Elizabeth C. Reed, Hope S. Rugo, Amy Sitapati, Karen Lisa Smith, Mary Lou Smith, Hatem Soliman, Melinda L. Telli, John H. Ward, Jessica S. Young, Dorothy A. Shead, Rashmi Kumar
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

These NCCN Guidelines Insights highlight the updated recommendations for use of multigene assays to guide decisions on adjuvant systemic chemotherapy therapy for women with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative early-stage invasive breast cancer. This report summarizes these updates and discusses the rationale behind them.
Human double negative T cells target lung cancer via ligand-dependent mechanisms that can be enhanced by IL-15
Authors: Junlin Yao, Dalam Ly, Dzana Dervovic, Linan Fang, Jong Bok Lee, Hyeonjeong Kang, Yu-Hui Wang, Nhu-An Pham, Hongming Pan, Ming-Sound Tsao, Li Zhang
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2019)

<h3>Background</h3> The advents of novel immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment of cancer. Adoptive cellular therapies using chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells have achieved remarkable clinical responses in B cell leukemia and lymphoma but the effect on solid tumors including lung cancer is limited. Here we present data on the therapeutic potential of allogeneic CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>−</sup>CD8<sup>−</sup> double negative T (DNT) cells as a new cellular therapy for the treatment of lung cancer and underlying mechanisms. <h3>Methods</h3> DNTs were enriched and expanded ex vivo from healthy donors and phenotyped by flow cytometry. Functionally, their cytotoxicity was determined against primary and established non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines in vitro or through in vivo adoptive transfer into xenograft models. Mechanistic analysis was performed using blocking antibodies against various cell surface and soluble markers. Furthermore, the role of IL-15 on DNT function was determined. <h3>Results</h3> We demonstrated that ex vivo expanded DNTs can effectively lyse various human NSCLC cells in vitro and inhibit tumor growth in xenograft models. Expanded DNTs have a cytotoxic phenotype, as they express NKp30, NKG2D, DNAM-1, membrane TRAIL (mTRAIL), perforin and granzyme B, and secrete IFNγ and soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL). DNT-mediated cytotoxicity was dependent on a combination of tumor-expressed ligands for NKG2D, DNAM-1, NKp30 and/or receptors for TRAIL, which differ among different NSCLC cell lines. Furthermore, stimulation of DNTs with IL-15 increased expression of effector molecules on DNTs, their TRAIL production and cytotoxicity against NSCLC in vitro and in vivo. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Healthy donor-derived DNTs can target NSCLC in vitro and in vivo<i>.</i> DNTs recognize tumors via innate receptors which can be up-regulated by IL-15. DNTs have the potential to be used as a novel adoptive cell therapy for lung cancer either alone or in combination with IL-15.
Early Prediction of Treatment Response in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Moritz Binder, S. Vincent Rajkumar, Martha Q. Lacy, Morie A. Gertz, Francis K. Buadi, Angela Dispenzieri, Lisa Hwa, Amie Fonder, Miriam Hobbs, Suzanne R. Hayman, Steven Zeldenrust, John A. Lust, Stephen J. Russell, Nelson Leung, Prashant Kapoor, Ronald S. Go, Wilson I Gonsalves, Taxiarchis Kourelis, Rahma Warsame, Robert A. Kyle, Shaji K. Kumar
Journal: Blood (2018)
Cost-Effectiveness of Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis at Intermediate Risk
Authors: Suzanne J. Baron, Kaijun Wang, John A. House, Elizabeth A. Magnuson, Matthew R. Reynolds, Raj Makkar, Howard C. Herrmann, Susheel Kodali, Vinod H. Thourani, Samir Kapadia, Lars Svensson, Michael J. Mack, David L. Brown, Mark J. Russo, Craig R. Smith, John Webb, Craig Miller, Martin B. Leon, David J. Cohen
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: In patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) at intermediate surgical risk, treatment with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) results in similar rates of death or stroke at 2 years. Whether TAVR is cost-effective compared with SAVR for intermediate-risk patients remains uncertain. Methods: Between 2011 and 2014, 3110 intermediate-risk AS patients were treated with TAVR or SAVR in the PARTNER 2 trial (Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves 2). A total of 2032 patients were randomized to receive TAVR using the SAPIEN XT valve (XT-TAVR) or SAVR in the PARTNER 2A trial, whereas the PARTNER S3i registry included an additional 1078 patients treated with TAVR using the SAPIEN 3 valve (S3-TAVR), which offers a lower delivery profile and sealing skirt designed to reduce paravalvular regurgitation compared with XT-TAVR. Procedural costs were estimated using measured resource utilization. Other in-trial costs were assessed by linkage of trial data with Medicare claims (n=2333) or by linear regression models for unlinked patients (n=682). Health utilities were estimated using the EQ-5D at baseline and 1, 12, and 24 months. Using a Markov model informed by in-trial costs, utilities, and survival data, lifetime cost-effectiveness from the perspective of the US healthcare system was estimated in terms of cost per quality-adjusted life-year gained. Results: Although procedural costs were ≈$20 000 higher with TAVR than SAVR, total cost differences for the index hospitalization were only $2888 higher with XT-TAVR ( P =0.014) and were $4155 lower with S3-TAVR ( P &lt;0.001) owing to reductions in length of stay with TAVR. Follow-up costs were significantly lower with XT-TAVR (Δ=−$9304; P &lt;0.001) and S3-TAVR (Δ=−$11 377; P &lt;0.001) than with SAVR. Over a lifetime horizon, TAVR was projected to lower total costs by $8000 to $10 000 and to increase quality-adjusted survival by 0.15 to 0.27 years. XT-TAVR and S3-TAVR were found to be economically dominant compared with SAVR in 84% and 97% of bootstrap replicates, respectively. Conclusions: Among intermediate-risk AS patients, TAVR is projected to be economically dominant from the perspective of the US healthcare system by providing both greater quality-adjusted life expectancy and lower long-term costs than SAVR. If long-term data demonstrate comparable late mortality with TAVR and SAVR, these findings suggest that TAVR might be the preferred treatment strategy for intermediate-risk AS patients based on both clinical and economic considerations. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT01314313.
Chemokine Receptor Redundancy and Specificity Are Context Dependent
Authors: Douglas P. Dyer, Laura Medina-Ruiz, Robin Bartolini, Fabian Schuette, Catherine E. Hughes, Kenneth Pallas, Francesca Vidler, Megan K.L. Macleod, Christopher J. Kelly, Kit Ming Lee, Christopher A.H. Hansell, Gerard J. Graham
Journal: Immunity (2019)

Highlights•Mice deficient in CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, and CCR5 (iCCRs) develop normally•iCCRs redundantly establish resting tissue-resident myelomonocytic cell populations•CCR2 dominates in controlling monocyte recruitment in acute inflammation•iCCRs are not involved in neutrophil or lymphocyte recruitment in acute inflammationSummaryCurrently, we lack an understanding of the individual and combinatorial roles for chemokine receptors in the inflammatory process. We report studies on mice with a compound deletion of Ccr1, Ccr2, Ccr3, and Ccr5, which together control monocytic and eosinophilic recruitment to resting and inflamed sites. Analysis of resting tissues from these mice, and mice deficient in each individual receptor, provides clear evidence for redundant use of these receptors in establishing tissue-resident monocytic cell populations. In contrast, analysis of cellular recruitment to inflamed sites provides evidence of specificity of receptor use for distinct leukocyte subtypes and no indication of comprehensive redundancy. We find no evidence of involvement of any of these receptors in the recruitment of neutrophils or lymphocytes to resting or acutely inflamed tissues. Our data shed important light on combinatorial inflammatory chemokine receptor function and highlight Ccr2 as the primary driver of myelomonocytic cell recruitment in acutely inflamed contexts.
2019 ACC/AHA/ASE Advanced Training Statement on Echocardiography (Revision of the 2003 ACC/AHA Clinical Competence Statement on Echocardiography)
Authors: Susan E. Wiegers, Thomas Ryan, James A. Arrighi, Samuel M. Brown, Barry Canaday, Julie B. Damp, Jose L. Diaz-Gomez, Vincent M. Figueredo, Mario J. Garcia, Linda D. Gillam, Brian P. Griffin, James N. Kirkpatrick, Kyle W. Klarich, George K. Lui, Scott Maffett, Tasneem Z. Naqvi, Amit R. Patel, Marie-France Poulin, Geoffrey A. Rose, Madhav Swaminathan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Statins reduce the progression of non-advanced adenomas to colorectal cancer: a postcolonoscopy study in 187 897 patients
Authors: Ka-Shing Cheung, Lijia Chen, Esther W Chan, Wai-Kay Seto, Ian C K Wong, Wai K Leung
Journal: Gut (2019)

Background and aims Postcolonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC) accounts for up to 9% of all CRCs. Statins have been shown to be associated with a lower CRC risk. We aimed to investigate whether PCCRC risk was also lower among statin users. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study using a territory-wide electronic healthcare database in Hong Kong including patients aged 40 years or above who had undergone colonoscopies between 2005 and 2013. Exclusion criteria included prior colorectal cancer (CRC), inflammatory bowel disease, prior colectomy and CRC detected within 6 months of index colonoscopy. We defined statin use as at least 90-day use before index colonoscopy. Medication use was traced up to 5 years before index colonoscopy. PCCRC-3y was defined as cancer diagnosed between 6 and 36 months after index colonoscopy. Sites of CRC were categorised as proximal (proximal to splenic flexure) and distal cancer. The subdistribution HR (SHR) of PCCRC-3y with statin use was derived by propensity score matching based on covariates (including patient factors, concurrent medication use and endoscopy centre’s performance). Results Of 187 897 eligible subjects, 854 (0.45%) were diagnosed with PCCRC-3y. Statin use was associated with a lower PCCRC-3y risk (SHR: 0.72; 95% CI 0.55 to 0.95; p=0.018). Subgroup analysis shows that SHRs were 0.50 (95% CI 0.28 to 0.91; p=0.022) for proximal and 0.80 (95% CI 0.59 to 1.09; p=0.160) for distal cancer. Older (&gt;60 years) patients, women and those without diabetes mellitus or polyps appeared to benefit more from statins. Conclusions Statins were associated with a lower PCCRC risk, particularly for proximal cancer.
Exercise for Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
US opioid epidemic: FDA demands studies of whether opioids do control chronic pain
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Two decades into an opioid epidemic that has killed more US people than the second world war, the US Food and Drug Administration has said that it will require drug companies to conduct research to prove a claim that has never been scientifically demonstrated—that opioids actually help to control pain when used for long periods.

“We are going to impose a mandate on existing products . . . to answer the question that people have been posing for years: whether you have declining efficacy, and whether that declining efficacy can lead to addiction,” said Scott Gottlieb, FDA commissioner, in an interview.

The new research will be required for all current and future opioids other than short acting ones used in hospitals. Each manufacturer would be required to sponsor unbiased, controlled research of its opioid products, probably …
Late Immune Reconstitution and Its Relationship with Infections in Patients with Fanconi Anemia and Bone Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Gerardo Lopez-Hernandez, Norma Lopez-Santiago, Alberto Olaya-Vargas, Martín Pérez-García, Rosa María Nideshda Ramírez-Uribe, Haydée del Pilar Salazar-Rosales, Ángeles Del Campo-Martínez
Journal: Blood (2018)