tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Trajectories of COVID-19 information in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases: the first months of the pandemic
Authors: Kim Lauper, Johannes W J Bijlsma, Gerd R Burmester
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

The COVID-19 pandemic shattered our world, whether at home or in our professional lives. Many of our colleagues or us were in the frontlines. Family and friends turned ill. Meanwhile, researchers all around the world rushed to understand this new disease, evaluate its course and find a cure. As rheumatologists and researchers in rheumatology, we have a deep understanding of the immune system, whether in reaction to an infection or during the course of a rheumatologic disease, and its interplay with the wide range of immunomodulatory treatments available. We also need to understand how this disease impacts our patients. Therefore, since the beginning of the pandemic, the rheumatology community is at the forefront of COVID-19 related research. From the first letter on COVID-19 in March 20201 to the end of September, the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (ARD) have published more than 200 letters, correspondences, originals studies and other articles (figure 1). The first publication on COVID-19 in ARD by Figueroa-Parra et al ‘Are my patients with rheumatic diseases at higher risk of COVID-19?’ already illustrated the most burning questions of the rheumatology community: the potential risks of infection or severe outcome associated with the rheumatic diseases themselves or their therapy and the efficacy of antimalarial drugs in treating COVID-19.1 Other topics that were widely discussed were the drug shortage of hydroxychloroquine, the use of telemedicine and the effect of the pandemic on patients. In this brief review of ARD publications on COVID-19, we will explore how perceptions and information changed and how interests shifted from one topic to another during the last months.



Figure 1 
Numbers of publications about COVID-19 from March to September 2020 in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases by month and type.



Most of the publications on COVID-19 from March 2020 to September 2020 on …
Expert Panel Review on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Jordan E. Lake, Turner Overton, Susanna Naggie, Mark Sulkowski, Rohit Loomba, David E. Kleiner, Jennifer C. Price, Kara W. Chew, Raymond T. Chung, Kathleen E. Corey
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Abstract 8910: In Vitro and in vivo Performance of a Completely Autologous Aortic Valved Conduit (BIOVALVE Type VII) Prepared by in Body Tissue Architecture Technology Using a Novel Separable Mold
Authors: Yasuhide Nakayama, Yoshiaki Takewa, Hirohito Sumikura, Yuichi Matsui, Masashi Yamanami, Yuichiro Kishimoto, Mamoru Arakawa, Kentaro Omuma, Takeshi Mizuno, Tomonori Oie, Keiichi Kanda, Eisuke Tatsumi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Purpose: In body tissue architecture technology, attempted as novel and practical regeneration medicine by us, can prepare a completely autologous valved conduit (BIOVALVE) consisting of only recip...
Caution in Prescribing Modafinil and Armodafinil to Individuals Who Could Become Pregnant
Authors: Neda Ghaffari, Patricia A. Robertson
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Genistein, estrogen and ICI 182,780 regulation of IGF-signaling in prostate of C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Jun Wang, Coral A. Lamartiniere
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

4294  Phytoestrogens have been proposed as chemopreventive agents against prostate cancer and we have demonstrated that genistein in the diet can suppress spontaneously developing prostate tumors in rat and mouse models. To understand the mechanism of action of genistein in the prostate, we are comparing genistein and estrogen actions on insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-signaling in the murine prostate. To facilitate this we have chosen to use ICI 182,780 (ICI) to inhibit the estrogen receptor (ER). For our experiments, we pretreated 12 week old C57B/6 mice with 4 ug/g BW, s.c., 30 min prior to genistein (500 ug/g BW) or estradiol benzoate (50 ng/g BW) via s.c. injections. Six hours after the estrogen or genistein treatments, the mice were killed and the dorsolateral prostates were dissected for Western blot (IGF-1 receptor: IGF-1R) or ELISA (IGF-1 and IGF-Binding Protein 3: IGF-BP3) analysis. ICI significantly decreased ER expression (by 81%) in the prostate. Also, ICI significantly up-regulated IGF-1 and IGF-BP3, and significantly down regulated IGF-1R. Genistein significantly up-regulated IGF-1 and IGF-BP3, but had no significant effect on IGF-1R. Estrogen significantly down-regulated IGF-1R and up-regulated IGF-BP3, but did not significantly alter IGF-1 levels. Genistein administered 30 min after ICI significantly reversed the effect of both genistein and ICI alone on IGF-1, i.e., caused a significant decrease in IGF-1. Genistein following ICI administration was able to overcome the down-regulation of ICI on IGF-1R and overcome the up-regulation of IGF-BP3. Estrogen administered 30 min after ICI caused an additive up-regulation of IGF-1 and was able to overcome down-regulation of ICI on IGF-1R. These data point to the differential action of genistein, estrogen and ICI in the prostate and the complex regulation of the IGF-1 signaling pathway. IGF-signaling appears to occur independent of the ER. Supported by NIH ES 11743-03.
Covid-19: England’s test and trace system records worst weekly performance since launch
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Covid-19: England's test and trace system records worst weekly performance since launch Gareth IacobucciEngland's test and trace system has recorded its worst weekly performance since it launched in May, official 1 Transparency data: NHS Test and Trace (England) and coronavirus testing (UK) statistics: 1 October to 7 October 2020.www.gov.uk/government/
Emerging roles of lysophospholipids in health and disease
Authors: Shu Ting Tan, Tejasvene Ramesh, Xiu Ru Toh, Long N. Nguyen
Journal: Progress in Lipid Research (2020)

Lipids are abundant and play essential roles in human health and disease. The main functions of lipids are building blocks for membrane biogenesis. However, lipids are also metabolized to produce signaling molecules. Here, we discuss the emerging roles of circulating lysophospholipids. These lysophospholipids consist of lysoglycerophospholipids and lysosphingolipids. They are both present in cells at low concentration, but their concentrations in extracellular fluids are significantly higher. The biological functions of some of these lysophospholipids have been recently revealed. Remarkably, some of the lysophospholipids play pivotal signaling roles as well as being precursors for membrane biogenesis. Revealing how circulating lysophospholipids are produced, released, transported, and utilized in multi-organ systems is critical to understand their functions. The discovery of enzymes, carriers, transporters, and membrane receptors for these lysophospholipids has shed light on their physiological significance. In this review, we summarize the biological roles of these lysophospholipids via discussing about the proteins regulating their functions. We also discuss about their potential impacts to human health and diseases.
Abstract 10344: Association Between Malnutrition and Exercise Intolerance in Patients With Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Masahiro Seo, Takahisa Yamada, Shunsuke Tamaki, Tsutomu Kawai, Masatake Fukunami, Tomohito Otani, kei nakamoto, Shozo Konishi, Yasushi Sakata
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2) obtained by cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) has been shown to be one of the most powerful predictors of ominous outcome in patients with heart fai...
Comprehensive Metabolic Phenotyping Refines Cardiovascular Risk in Young Adults
Authors: Venkatesh L. Murthy, Jared P. Reis, Alexander R. Pico, Robert Kitchen, Joao A.C. Lima, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Norrina B. Allen, Mercedes Carnethon, Gregory D. Lewis, Matthew Nayor, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Jane E. Freedman, Clary B. Clish, Ravi V. Shah
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: Whereas cardiovascular disease (CVD) metrics define risk in individuals &gt;40 years of age, the earliest lesions of CVD appear well before this age. Despite the role of metabolism in CVD antecedents, studies in younger, biracial populations to define precise metabolic risk phenotypes are lacking. Methods: We studied 2330 White and Black young adults (mean age, 32 years; 45% Black) in the CARDIA study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) to identify metabolite profiles associated with an adverse CVD phenome (myocardial structure/function, fitness, vascular calcification), mechanisms, and outcomes over 2 decades. Statistical learning methods (elastic nets/principal components analysis) and Cox regression generated parsimonious, metabolite-based risk scores validated in &gt;1800 individuals in the Framingham Heart Study. Results: In the CARDIA study, metabolite profiles quantified in early adulthood were associated with subclinical CVD development over 20 years, specifying known and novel pathways of CVD (eg, transcriptional regulation, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nitric oxide, renin–angiotensin). We found 2 multiparametric, metabolite-based scores linked independently to vascular and myocardial health, with metabolites included in each score specifying microbial metabolism, hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, nitric oxide modulation, and collagen metabolism. The metabolite-based vascular scores were lower in men, and myocardial scores were lower in Black participants. Over a nearly 25-year median follow-up in CARDIA, the metabolite-based vascular score (hazard ratio, 0.68 per SD [95% CI, 0.50–0.92]; P =0.01) and myocardial score (hazard ratio, 0.60 per SD [95% CI, 0.45–0.80]; P =0.0005) in the third and fourth decades of life were associated with clinical CVD with a synergistic association with outcome ( P interaction =0.009). We replicated these findings in 1898 individuals in the Framingham Heart Study over 2 decades, with a similar association with outcome (including interaction), reclassification, and discrimination. In the Framingham Heart Study, the metabolite scores exhibited an age interaction ( P =0.0004 for a combined myocardial–vascular score with incident CVD), such that young adults with poorer metabolite-based health scores had highest hazard of future CVD. Conclusions: Metabolic signatures of myocardial and vascular health in young adulthood specify known/novel pathways of metabolic dysfunction relevant to CVD, associated with outcome in 2 independent cohorts. Efforts to include precision measures of metabolic health in risk stratification to interrupt CVD at its earliest stage are warranted.
Genome-wide association of phenotypes based on clustering patterns of hand osteoarthritis identify<i>WNT9A</i>as novel osteoarthritis gene
Authors: Cindy Germaine Boer, Michelle S Yau, Sarah J Rice, Rodrigo Coutinho de Almeida, Kathleen Cheung, Unnur Styrkarsdottir, Lorraine Southam, Linda Broer, Jeremy Mark Wilkinson, André G Uitterlinden, Eleftheria Zeggini, David Felson, John Loughlin, Mariel Young, Terence Dante Capellini, Ingrid Meulenbelt, Joyce BJ van Meurs
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background Despite recent advances in the understanding of the genetic architecture of osteoarthritis (OA), only two genetic loci have been identified for OA of the hand, in part explained by the complexity of the different hand joints and heterogeneity of OA pathology. Methods We used data from the Rotterdam Study (RSI, RSII and RSIII) to create three hand OA phenotypes based on clustering patterns of radiographic OA severity to increase power in our modest discovery genome-wide association studies in the RS (n=8700), and sought replication in an independent cohort, the Framingham Heart Study (n=1203). We used multiple approaches that leverage different levels of information and functional data to further investigate the underlying biological mechanisms and candidate genes for replicated loci. We also attempted to replicate known OA loci at other joint sites, including the hips and knees. Results We found two novel genome-wide significant loci for OA in the thumb joints. We identified WNT9A as a possible novel causal gene involved in OA pathogenesis. Furthermore, several previously identified genetic loci for OA seem to confer risk for OA across multiple joints: TGFa , RUNX2 , COL27A1 , ASTN2 , IL11 and GDF5 loci. Conclusions We identified a robust novel genetic locus for hand OA on chromosome 1, of which WNT9A is the most likely causal gene. In addition, multiple genetic loci were identified to be associated with OA across multiple joints. Our study confirms the potential for novel insight into the genetic architecture of OA by using biologically meaningful stratified phenotypes.
Effects of Polymer 3D Architecture, Size, and Chemistry on Biological Transport and Drug Delivery In Vitro and in Orthotopic Triple Negative Breast Cancer Models
Authors: Amanda K. Pearce, Akosua B. Anane‐Adjei, Robert J. Cavanagh, Patricia F. Monteiro, Thomas M. Bennett, Vincenzo Taresco, Phil A. Clarke, Alison A. Ritchie, Morgan R. Alexander, Anna M. Grabowska, Cameron Alexander
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

The size, shape, and underlying chemistries of drug delivery particles are key parameters which govern their ultimate performance in vivo. Responsive particles are desirable for triggered drug delivery, achievable through architecture change and biodegradation to control in vivo fate. Here, polymeric materials are synthesized with linear, hyperbranched, star, and micellar-like architectures based on 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide (HPMA), and the effects of 3D architecture and redox-responsive biodegradation on biological transport are investigated. Variations in "stealth" behavior between the materials are quantified in vitro and in vivo, whereby reduction-responsive hyperbranched polymers most successfully avoid accumulation within the liver, and none of the materials target the spleen or lungs. Functionalization of selected architectures with doxorubicin (DOX) demonstrates enhanced efficacy over the free drug in 2D and 3D in vitro models, and enhanced efficacy in vivo in a highly aggressive orthotopic breast cancer model when dosed over schedules accounting for the biodistribution of the carriers. These data show it is possible to direct materials of the same chemistries into different cellular and physiological regions via modulation of their 3D architectures, and thus the work overall provides valuable new insight into how nanoparticle architecture and programmed degradation can be tailored to elicit specific biological responses for drug delivery.
Medical Care of Adults With Down Syndrome
Authors: Amy Y. Tsou, Peter Bulova, George Capone, Brian Chicoine, Bryn Gelaro, Terry Odell Harville, Barry A. Martin, Dennis E. McGuire, Kent D. McKelvey, Moya Peterson, Carl Tyler, Michael Wells, Michelle Sie Whitten
Journal: JAMA (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal condition, and average life expectancy has increased substantially, from 25 years in 1983 to 60 years in 2020. Despite the unique clinical comorbidities among adults with Down syndrome, there are no clinical guidelines for the care of these patients. <h3>Objective</h3> To develop an evidence-based clinical practice guideline for adults with Down syndrome. <h3>Evidence Review</h3> The Global Down Syndrome Foundation Medical Care Guidelines for Adults with Down Syndrome Workgroup (n = 13) developed 10 Population/Intervention/ Comparison/Outcome (PICO) questions for adults with Down syndrome addressing multiple clinical areas including mental health (2 questions), dementia, screening or treatment of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, osteoporosis, atlantoaxial instability, thyroid disease, and celiac disease. These questions guided the literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, and the TRIP Database, searched from January 1, 2000, to February 26, 2018, with an updated search through August 6, 2020. Using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) methodology and the Evidence-to-Decision framework, in January 2019, the 13-member Workgroup and 16 additional clinical and scientific experts, nurses, patient representatives, and a methodologist developed clinical recommendations. A statement of good practice was made when there was a high level of certainty that the recommendation would do more good than harm, but there was little direct evidence. <h3>Findings</h3> From 11 295 literature citations associated with 10 PICO questions, 20 relevant studies were identified. An updated search identified 2 additional studies, for a total of 22 included studies (3 systematic reviews, 19 primary studies), which were reviewed and synthesized. Based on this analysis, 14 recommendations and 4 statements of good practice were developed. Overall, the evidence base was limited. Only 1 strong recommendation was formulated: screening for Alzheimer-type dementia starting at age 40 years. Four recommendations (managing risk factors for cardiovascular disease and stroke prevention, screening for obesity, and evaluation for secondary causes of osteoporosis) agreed with existing guidance for individuals without Down syndrome. Two recommendations for diabetes screening recommend earlier initiation of screening and at shorter intervals given the high prevalence and earlier onset in adults with Down syndrome. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> These evidence-based clinical guidelines provide recommendations to support primary care of adults with Down syndrome. The lack of high-quality evidence limits the strength of the recommendations and highlights the need for additional research.
Incentive programmes for smoking cessation: cluster randomized trial in workplaces in Thailand
Authors: Justin S White, Christopher Lowenstein, Nucharee Srivirojana, Aree Jampaklay, William H Dow
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Abstract Objective To compare several monetary incentive programmes for promoting smoking abstinence among employees who smoke at workplaces in a middle income country. Design Parallel group, open label, assessor blinded, cluster randomized controlled trial. Setting Large industrial workplaces in metropolitan Bangkok, Thailand. Participants Employees who smoked cigarettes and planned to quit within six months recruited from 101 worksite clusters (84 different companies). Interventions Worksites were digitally cluster randomized by an independent investigator to usual care or usual care plus one of eight types of incentive programmes. Usual care consisted of one time group counseling and cessation support through a 28 day text messaging programme. The incentive programmes depended on abstinence at three months and varied on three intervention components: refundable deposits, assignment to a teammate, and bonus size ($20 (£15; €17) or $40). Main outcome measures The primary outcome was biochemically verified seven day point prevalence smoking abstinence at 12 months. Secondary outcomes were programme acceptance at enrollment and smoking abstinence at three months (end of intervention) and at six months. All randomized participants who had complete baseline information were included in intention-to-treat analyses; participants with missing outcomes were coded as continuing smokers. Results Between April 2015 and August 2016, the trial enrolled 4190 participants. Eighteen were omitted because of missing baseline covariates and death before the primary endpoint, therefore 4172 participants were included in the intention-to-treat analyses. Programme acceptance was relatively high across all groups: 58.7% (2451/4172) overall and 61.3% (271/442) in the usual care group. Abstinence rates at 12 months did not differ among deposit programmes (336/2253, 14.9%) and non-deposit programmes (280/1919, 14.6%; adjusted difference 0.8 points, 95% confidence interval −2.7 to 4.3, P=0.65), but were somewhat lower for team based programmes (176/1348, 13.1%) than individual based programmes (440/2824, 15.6%; −3.2 points, −6.6 to −0.2, P=0.07), and higher for $40 bonus programmes (322/1954, 16.5%) than programmes with no bonus (148/1198, 12.4%; 5.9 points, 2.1 to 9.7, P=0.002). The $40 individual bonus was the most efficacious randomization group at all endpoints. Intervention components did not strongly interact with each other. Conclusions Acceptance of monetary incentive programmes for promoting smoking abstinence was high across all groups. The $40 individual bonus programmes increased long term smoking abstinence compared with usual care, although several other incentive designs did not, such as team based programmes and deposit programmes. Incentive design in workplace wellness programmes might influence their effectiveness at reducing smoking rates in low resource settings. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT02421224 ).
Hybrid Bioprinting of Zonally Stratified Human Articular Cartilage Using Scaffold‐Free Tissue Strands as Building Blocks
Authors: Yang Wu, Bugra Ayan, Kazim K. Moncal, Youngnam Kang, Aman Dhawan, Srinivas V. Koduru, Dino J. Ravnic, Fadia Kamal, Ibrahim T. Ozbolat
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

The heterogeneous and anisotropic articular cartilage is generally studied as a layered structure of "zones" with unique composition and architecture, which is difficult to recapitulate using current approaches. A novel hybrid bioprinting strategy is presented here to generate zonally stratified cartilage. Scaffold-free tissue strands (TSs) are made of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) or predifferentiated ADSCs. Cartilage TSs with predifferentiated ADSCs exhibit improved mechanical properties and upregulated expression of cartilage-specific markers at both transcription and protein levels as compared to TSs with ADSCs being differentiated in the form of strands and TSs of nontransfected ADSCs. Using the novel hybrid approach integrating new aspiration-assisted and extrusion-based bioprinting techniques, the bioprinting of zonally stratified cartilage with vertically aligned TSs at the bottom zone and horizontally aligned TSs at the superficial zone is demonstrated, in which collagen fibers are aligned with designated orientation in each zone imitating the anatomical regions and matrix orientation of native articular cartilage. In addition, mechanical testing study reveals a compression modulus of ≈1.1 MPa, which is similar to that of human articular cartilage. The prominent findings highlight the potential of this novel bioprinting approach for building biologically, mechanically, and histologically relevant cartilage for tissue engineering purposes.