tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
S1 Biomarkers in adult asthma: a systematic review of 8-isoprostane in exhaled breath condensate
Authors: AM Peel, CJ Crossman-Barnes, J Tang, SJ Fowler, GA Davies, AM Wilson, YK Loke
Journal: Thorax (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The potential of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) as a non-invasive indicator of airways disease has been studied for three decades or more. 8-isoprostane is a product of lipid peroxidation which can be detected within EBC. Studies have reported this as a potential objective indicator of oxidative stress in asthma. We therefore aimed to assess the evidence for the use of 8-isoprostane in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) as a biomarker in adult asthma. <h3>Design</h3> A systematic review and meta-analysis of EBC 8-isoprostane in asthma. <h3>Methods</h3> We searched a number of online databases (including PubMed, Embase and Scopus) in January 2016. We included studies of adult non-smokers with EBC collection and asthma diagnosis conducted according to recognised guidelines. We aimed to pool data using random effects meta-analysis and assess heterogeneity using I2. Study quality and risk of bias was assessed using QUADAS-2 and GRADE. <h3>Results</h3> We included twenty studies, the findings from which were inconsistent. Seven studies (n = 329) reported 8-isoprostane concentrations in asthma to be significantly higher than that of control groups, whilst six studies (n = 403) did not. Only four studies had results appropriate for inclusion in a random effects meta-analysis of mean difference between asthma and controls (see Figure 1). This found a statistically significant between-groups difference of +22 pg/ml in asthma. Confidence in the result is limited by the small number of studies; by substantial methodological and statistical heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> = 94); and by an inability to assess the risk of bias in key domains of the quality assessment tool. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The clinical value of EBC 8-isoprostane as a quantitative assessment of oxidative stress in asthma remains unclear due to variability in results and methodological heterogeneity. It will be essential to develop accurate, reliable and standardised methods of both EBC collection and 8-isoprostane analysis if its use as a biomarker in asthma is to be evaluated.
Cisplatin-Associated Nephrotoxic Effects in Children
Authors: Shveta S. Motwani, Gary C. Curhan
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Kelly R. McMahon, BSc; Shahrad Rod Rassekh, MD, MHSc; Kirk R. Schultz, MD; Tom Blydt-Hansen, MD; Geoffrey D. E. Cuvelier, MD; Cherry Mammen, MD, MHSc; Maury Pinsk, MD; Bruce C. Carleton, PharmD; Ross T. Tsuyuki, PharmD, MSc; Colin J. D. Ross, MSc, PhD; Ana Palijan, PhD; Louis Huynh, BSc; Mariya Yordanova; Frédérik Crépeau-Hubert, BSc; Stella Wang, MSc; Debbie Boyko, RN; Michael Zappitelli, MD, MSc; for the Applying Biomarkers to Minimize Long-term Effects of Childhood/Adolescent Cancer Treatment (ABLE) Research Study Group
In situ magnesium calcium phosphate cements formation: From one pot powders precursors synthesis to in vitro investigations
Authors: M.A. Goldberg, P.A. Krohicheva, A.S. Fomin, D.R. Khairutdinova, O.S. Antonova, A.S. Baikin, V.V. Smirnov, A.A. Fomina, A.V. Leonov, I.V. Mikheev, N.S. Sergeeva, S.A. Akhmedova, S.M. Barinov, V.S. Komlev
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

Calcium phosphate cements are of great interest for researchers and their applications in medical practice expanded. Nevertheless, they have a number of drawbacks including the insufficient level of mechanical properties and low degradation rate. Struvite (MgNH4PO4) -based cements, which grew in popularity in recent years, despite their neutral pH and acceptable mechanical performance, release undesirable NH4+ ions during their resorption. This issue could be avoided by replacement of ammonia ions in the cement liquid with sodium, however, such cements have a pH values of 9–10, leading to cytotoxicity. Thus, the main goal of this investigation is to optimize the composition of cements to achieve the combination of desirable properties: neutral pH, sufficient mechanical properties, and the absence of cytotoxicity, applying Na2HPO4-based cement liquid. For this purpose, cement powders precursors in the CaO–MgO–P2O5 system were synthesized by one-pot process in a wide composition range, and their properties were investigated. The optimal performance was observed for the cements with (Ca + Mg)/P ratio of 1.67, which are characterized by newberyite phase formation during setting reaction, pH values close to 7, sufficient compressive strength up to 22 ± 3 MPa (for 20 mol.% of Mg), dense microstructure and adequate matrix properties of the surface. This set of features make those materials promising candidates for medical applications.
Serum Levels of α-Fetoprotein Increased More Than 10 Years Before Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: David M. Hughes, Sarah Berhane, C.A. Emily de Groot, Hidenori Toyoda, Toshifumi Tada, Takashi Kumada, Shinji Satomura, Naoshi Nishida, Masatoshi Kudo, Toru Kimura, Yukio Osaki, Ruwanthi Kolamunage-Dona, Ruben Amoros, Tom Bird, Marta Garcίa-Fiñana, Philip Johnson
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Abstract 10847: Simultaneous Cardiac Computed Tomography for Both Coronary Artery Status and Myocardial Fibrosis Showed High Concordance Rate of Etiology Determination on Patients With Newly Diagnosed Heart Failure
Authors: Jong-Chan Youn, Jin-jin Kim
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Backgrounds: The early and proper identification of heart failure (HF) etiology is essential in the management of HF, as they may offer specific therapeutic opportunities. This prospective study in...
Abstract 13006: Non-Invasive Calculation of Local Coronary Endothelial Shear Stress: Head-to-head Comparison of Ccta-Derived vs Ivus-Derived Intracoronary Imaging Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (cfd)
Authors: Ahmet U Coskun, Gerasimos Siasos, Nicholas Cefalo, Marina Zaromytidou, Michelle A Cormier, Arnav Kumar, Molony David, Hossein Hosseini, Kevin J Croce, Anubodh Varshney, James K Min, Habib Samady, Peter H Stone
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Purpose: To compare coronary endothelial shear stress (ESS) computations using imaging derived from non-invasive coronary CT angiography (CCTA) vs the gold-standard invasive intravascular ultrasoun...
Social Cognition in the Age of Human–Robot Interaction
Authors: Anna Henschel, Ruud Hortensius, Emily S. Cross
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (2020)

Artificial intelligence advances have led to robots endowed with increasingly sophisticated social abilities. These machines speak to our innate desire to perceive social cues in the environment, as well as the promise of robots enhancing our daily lives. However, a strong mismatch still exists between our expectations and the reality of social robots. We argue that careful delineation of the neurocognitive mechanisms supporting human-robot interaction will enable us to gather insights critical for optimising social encounters between humans and robots. To achieve this, the field must incorporate human neuroscience tools including mobile neuroimaging to explore long-term, embodied human-robot interaction in situ. New analytical neuroimaging approaches will enable characterisation of social cognition representations on a finer scale using sensitive and appropriate categorical comparisons (human, animal, tool, or object). The future of social robotics is undeniably exciting, and insights from human neuroscience research will bring us closer to interacting and collaborating with socially sophisticated robots.
Human Prehistoric Demography Revealed by the Polymorphic Pattern of CpG Transitions
Authors: Xiaoming Liu
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2020)

Abstract The prehistoric demography of human populations is an essential piece of information for illustrating our evolution. Despite its importance and the advancement of ancient DNA studies, our knowledge of human evolution is still limited, which is also the case for relatively recent population dynamics during and around the Holocene. Here, we inferred detailed demographic histories from 1 to 40 ka for 24 population samples using an improved model-flexible method with 36 million genome-wide noncoding CpG sites. Our results showed many population growth events that were likely due to the Neolithic Revolution (i.e., the shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture and settlement). Our results help to provide a clearer picture of human prehistoric demography, confirming the significant impact of agriculture on population expansion, and provide new hypotheses and directions for future research.
Authors' reply: Paraneoplastic autoimmune multiorgan syndrome and paraneoplastic pemphigus describe the same spectrum of disease pathology
Authors: Aimee S. Payne, Michael Kasperkiewicz, Christoph T. Ellebrecht, Hayato Takahashi, Jun Yamagami, Detlef Zillikens, Masayuki Amagai
Journal: Nature Reviews Disease Primers (2018)
The utilization of multidiciplinary tumor boards (MDT) in clinical routine: Results of a health care research study focusing on patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Authors: Kia Homayounfar, Markus Lowes, Mathias Kleiss, Rainer Lueck, Sven Detken, Manuel Nietert, Tim Beissbarth, Kathrin Stanek, Claus Langer, Michael Ghadimi, Lena-Christin Conradi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

805 Background: Multidisciplinary Tumor Boards (MDT) have been advocated as standard of care in modern oncology. German cancer guidelines for metastasized colorectal cancer (mCRC) recommend discussing every patient (pt) with colon cancer (CC) after primary surgery and every pt with clinical stage IV CC as well as every rectal cancer (RC) pt prior to any therapy in a MDT. In this study we evaluated how extensive this approach has been implemented in clinical routine and how MDT discussion influences treatment decisions within a representative region with established access to MDTs for all actors. Methods: All major institutions treating oncological pts in southern Lower Saxony and Northern Hesse (N = 11) were invited to participate in the study. Pts with mCRC and diagnosis of the first metastasis between 01/2011 and 12/2013 were eligible. A standardized pt report form was developed and data were collected in a GCP-conform EDC-system named secuTrial. Results: A university medical center, 4 teaching hospitals, 1 communal hospital and 3 oncological focus practices participated in the study. In total, 470 pts (CC n = 278, RC n = 192) with a median age of 70 (range 22-92) years were enrolled. 286 (60.9%) pts had synchronous and 184 (39.1%) pts had metachronous metastases. Discussion within an MDT was performed in 141 (62.9%) of 224 CC pts after primary surgery and in 70 (38.3%) of 183 pts with clinical stage IV CC prior to any therapy. In RC pts, MDT discussion prior to any therapy happened in 91 (47.4%) pts. Curative resection of metastases was performed in 193 (41.1%) cases. Pts &gt; 70 years (n = 250) received significantly more often chemotherapy ± surgery when presented in an MDT (85.8% versus 64.4%, p = 0.0002). In pts with single organ metastases the resection rate was not significantly different (48.4% versus 56.9%, p = 0.1574) but preoperative chemotherapy was more often indicated (56.7% versus 33.3%, p = 0.0056) when pts were discussed in a MDT. Conclusions: In clinical routine MDT discussion is not as established as advocated by national guidelines. Treatment decisions differ depending on MDT discussion especially in older pts and those with single organ metastases.
Prevention of Preeclampsia with Low-Dose Aspirin in Healthy, Nulliparous Pregnant Women
Authors: Baha M. Sibai, Steve N. Caritis, Elizabeth Thom, Mark Klebanoff, Donald McNellis, Laura Rocco, Richard H. Paul, Roberto Romero, Frank Witter, Mortimer Rosen, Richard Depp
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Although low-dose aspirin has been reported to reduce the incidence of preeclampsia among women at high risk for this complication, its efficacy and safety in healthy, nulliparous pregnant women are not known.
DEVICE DETECTED ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND RISK FOR STROKE: AN ANALYSIS OF MORE THAN 10,000 PATIENTS FROM THE SOS AF PROJECT (STROKE PREVENTION STRATEGIES BASED ON ATRIAL FIBRILLATION INFORMATION FROM IMPLANTED DEVICES)
Authors: Taya Glotzer, Giuseppe Boriani, Massimo Santini, Teena West, Mirko De Melis, Milan Sepsi, Maurizio Gasparini, Thorsten Lewalter, A. John Camm, Daniel Singer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Targeting mammalian serine/threonine-protein kinase 4 through Yes-associated protein/TEA domain transcription factor-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition ameliorates diabetic nephropathy orchestrated renal fibrosis
Authors: Tingting Yang, Cai Heng, Yi Zhou, Yinlu Hu, Shangxiu Chen, Haiyan Wang, Hao Yang, Zhenzhou Jiang, Sitong Qian, Yinan Wang, Jianyun Wang, Xia Zhu, Lei Du, Xiaoxing Yin, Qian Lu
Journal: Metabolism (2020)
Microglia modulation by TGF-β1 protects cones in mouse models of retinal degeneration
Authors: Sean K. Wang, Yunlu Xue, Constance L. Cepko
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a genetically heterogenous group of eye diseases in which initial degeneration of rods triggers secondary degeneration of cones, leading to significant loss of daylight, color, and high-acuity vision. Gene complementation with adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors is one strategy to treat RP. Its implementation faces substantial challenges, however; for example, the tremendous number of loci with causal mutations. Gene therapy targeting secondary cone degeneration is an alternative approach that could provide a much-needed generic treatment for many patients with RP. Here, we show that microglia are required for the upregulation of potentially neurotoxic inflammatory factors during cone degeneration in RP, creating conditions that might contribute to cone dysfunction and death. To ameliorate the effects of such factors, we used AAV vectors to express isoforms of the antiinflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). AAV-mediated delivery of TGF-β1 rescued degenerating cones in 3 mouse models of RP carrying different pathogenic mutations. Treatment with TGF-β1 protected vision, as measured by 2 behavioral assays, and could be pharmacologically disrupted by either depleting microglia or blocking the TGF-β receptors. Our results suggest that TGF-β1 may be broadly beneficial for patients with cone degeneration, and potentially other forms of neurodegeneration, through a pathway dependent upon microglia.
Abstract 13179: Ultrasound Contrast Agents Enhance in vivo Delivery of Mir-302b Mimics and Antimir-34a to Mouse Hearts
Authors: Meghan R Otto, Mariah C Priddy, Lauren A Higgins, Joseph B Moore, Marcin Wysoczynski, Roberto Bolli, Jonathan A Kopechek
Journal: Circulation (2019)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important biological regulators in cardiac diseases. Previous studies have shown that regulating the myocardial levels of certain miRNAs, such as miR-34a or miR-302b, promote...
Diabetes as a potential risk for periodontitis: association studies
Authors: Robert J. Genco, Wenche S. Borgnakke
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2020)

Abstract Diabetes affects one in 10 adults and periodontal disease affects four in 10 adults in the USA, and they are linked. Individuals with diabetes are more likely to suffer from periodontal disease and periodontal disease affects glycemic control and complications of diabetes. The role of diabetes as a risk factor for periodontal disease and other oral conditions will be discussed in this review. The fact that type 2 diabetes, especially uncontrolled, is a risk factor for periodontal disease has long been recognized. However, the role of type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes in periodontal risk has recently been described. Also, diabetes as a risk factor for tooth loss has more recently been described and the deleterious effects of tooth loss, especially edentulism, in comparing the diets of patients with diabetes is now fully appreciated. From longitudinal studies it is clear that diabetes often precedes periodontitis and, hence, may contribute to the causal pathway of periodontitis. Other oral manifestations of diabetes include increased risk of oral and nonoral (vaginal) fungal infections. In patients with diabetes there is often reduced salivary flow associated with diabetes medications and neuropathy affecting the salivary glands. This may lead to increased caries. Burning mouth, resulting from diabetes neuropathy, and taste impairment may also be seen. It has long been known that there is delayed wound healing in patients with diabetes, especially if uncontrolled. Hence, it is critical to achieve good glycemic control before carrying out surgical procedures or dental implant placement in patients with diabetes.
The Value of CT-Guided Percutaneous Lung Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Fungal Infections in Patients with Hematologic Diseases.
Authors: Zhen Cai, Jimin Shi, He Huang, Yu Lin, Xiujin Ye, Jingsong He, Wanzhuo Xie, Jie Zhang, Li Li, Weiyan Zheng, Guoqing Wei, Yi Luo, Buwen Zhang, Maofang Lin
Journal: Blood (2007)
The American College of Nuclear Medicine Guidance on Operating Procedures for a Nuclear Medicine Facility During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mark Tulchinsky, Saabry Osmany
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

The novel coronavirus 2 pandemic is causing widespread disruption in everyday life necessitating urgent and radical adaptations in operating procedures at nuclear medicine facilities. The potential for causing severe illness, COVID-19, calls for strict observance of preventive measures aimed to mitigate the spread of the virus. The threat of COVID-19 is particularly serious as there is no vaccine and no specific antiviral therapy. Further complications are introduced by shortages of personal protective equipment for healthcare workers who have direct contact with patients and effective testing to identify infected patients, raising the need for delaying some testing and therapies. Certain vulnerable segments of the general population have been identified (advanced age and certain comorbidities), which should heighten further their preventive efforts. Therefore, this guidance is intended to be operationalized depending on a facility's specific needs and local disease prevalence.
Second malignant neoplasms after treatment of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma—a retrospective multinational study of 189 children and adolescents
Authors: Andishe Attarbaschi, Elisa Carraro, Leila Ronceray, Mara Andrés, Shlomit Barzilai-Birenboim, Simon Bomken, Laurence Brugières, Birgit Burkhardt, Francesco Ceppi, Alan K. S. Chiang, Monika Csoka, Alina Fedorova, Janez Jazbec, Edita Kabickova, Jan Loeffen, Karin Mellgren, Natalia Miakova, Olga Moser, Tomoo Osumi, Apostolos Pourtsidis, Charlotte Rigaud, Anne Uyttebroeck, Wilhelm Woessmann, Marta Pillon
Journal: Leukemia (2020)
Abstract 11668: A Novel 3-dimentional Technique in Measuring Pericoronary Epicardial Adipose Tissue Radiodensity and Association With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Lingyu Xu, Stanislau Stanislau, Yuancheng Xu, Richard Coulden, Emer Sonnex, Ian Paterson, Butler Craig
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Pericoronary epicardial adipose tissue radiodensity (PCATrd) is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), but its measurement is not standardized. Hypothesis: Our novel semi-auto...
Neonatal Hypoxia Ischemia and Individual Differences in Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
Authors: Patrícia Maidana Miguel, Patrícia Pelufo Silveira
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
A phase 3 study comparing tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in patients with HBeAg-positive, chronic hepatitis B (CHB): efficacy and safety results at week 96
Authors: K. Agarwal, S. Fung, W.K. Seto, Y.S. Lim, E. Gane, H.L. Janssen, M. Sharma, W.L. Chuang, H. Bae, K.T. Yoon, J.F. Flaherty, A. Lau, A. Gaggar, V. Suri, A. Cathcart, L. Lin, G.M. Subramanian, None Shalimar, N. Furusyo, M. Buti, H.L. Chan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)
Association of Surgical Skill Assessment With Clinical Outcomes in Cancer Surgery
Authors: Nathan J. Curtis, Jake D. Foster, Danilo Miskovic, Chris S. B. Brown, Peter J. Hewett, Sarah Abbott, George B. Hanna, Andrew R. L. Stevenson, Nader K. Francis
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Complex surgical interventions are inherently prone to variation yet they are not objectively measured. The reasons for outcome differences following cancer surgery are unclear. <h3>Objective</h3> To quantify surgical skill within advanced laparoscopic procedures and its association with histopathological and clinical outcomes. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This analysis of data and video from the Australasian Laparoscopic Cancer of Rectum (ALaCaRT) and 2-dimensional/3-dimensional (2D3D) multicenter randomized laparoscopic total mesorectal excision trials, which were conducted at 28 centers in Australia, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand, was performed from 2018 to 2019 and included 176 patients with clinical T1 to T3 rectal adenocarcinoma 15 cm or less from the anal verge. Case videos underwent blinded objective analysis using a bespoke performance assessment tool developed with a 62–international expert Delphi exercise and workshop, interview, and pilot phases. <h3>Interventions</h3> Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision undertaken with curative intent by 34 credentialed surgeons. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Histopathological (plane of mesorectal dissection, ALaCaRT composite end point success [mesorectal fascial plane, circumferential margin, ≥1 mm; distal margin, ≥1 mm]) and 30-day morbidity. End points were analyzed using surgeon quartiles defined by tool scores. <h3>Results</h3> The laparoscopic total mesorectal excision performance tool was produced and shown to be reliable and valid for the specialist level (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.889; 95% CI, 0.832-0.926;<i>P </i>&lt; .001). A substantial variation in tool scores was recorded (range, 25-48). Scores were associated with the number of intraoperative errors, plane of mesorectal dissection, and short-term patient morbidity, including the number and severity of complications. Upper quartile–scoring surgeons obtained excellent results compared with the lower quartile (mesorectal fascial plane: 93% vs 59%; number needed to treat [NNT], 2.9,<i>P</i> = .002; ALaCaRT end point success, 83% vs 58%; NNT, 4;<i>P</i> = .03; 30-day morbidity, 23% vs 50%; NNT, 3.7;<i>P</i> = .03). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Intraoperative surgical skill can be objectively and reliably measured in complex cancer interventions. Substantial variation in technical performance among credentialed surgeons is seen and significantly associated with clinical and pathological outcomes.