tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 18221: Flow Characteristics of CoreValve Transcatheter Aortic Valve: Implications for Calculation of Stroke Volume and Effective Orifice Area
Authors: Nadira Hamid, Omar Khalique, Mathew Williams, Isaac George, Tamim M Nazif, Torsten Vahl, Jonathan White, Puja Parikh, Susheel Kodali, Martin Leon, Rebecca Hahn
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: The hour-glass shape of the CoreValve THV used for TAVR has raised questions assessing stroke volume (SV) and effective orifice area. Objective: To determine the optimal location of diameter for calculating SV for the CoreValve THV. Methods: 98 TAVR patients with CoreValve THV had intra-procedural TEE analyzed at 3 levels in a mid-systolic frame: the outer-to-outer border of the inflow region (outer level), the inner-to-inner border just within the inflow (inner level), and the inner-to-inner border at the level of neo-aortic leaflets (mid level). Patients with ≥mild paravalvular or pulmonary regurgitation were excluded. THV area was directly planimetered at these levels using 3D TEE. SV was calculated using pulsed Doppler VTIs obtained at these levels, paired with the respective THV area by 2D (SV2D-OUT, SV2D-IN and SV2D-MID) and by 3D (SV3D-OUT, SV3D-IN and SV3D-MID). Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) area was calculated from 2D or planimetered directly from CT to calculate SV2D-RVOT and SV3D-RVOT. Results: TEE 2D measurements were performed in 53 patients with 3D measurements in a subset of 27 patients. There was a significant difference between SV2D-RVOT and SV3D-RVOT (p = 0.002) (Table 1). There were no significant differences between the SV2D-RVOT and left-sided SV at all 3 levels. There was a significant difference in SV3D-RVOT and SV3D-MID but not SV3D-OUT or SV3D-IN. For 2D SV measurements, a strong correlation to SV2D-RVOT was observed at all levels (r = 0.94-0.97, p &lt; 0.0001)). For 3D measurements, correlation to SV3D-RVOT was significant although modest (r = 0.46-0.63, p &gt; 0.01). For the subgroup with SV3D-RVOT, there were significant differences in SV2D-OUT (53.7±15.1, p = 0.002), SV2D-IN (53.5±15.0, p = 0.001), and SV2D-MID (53.8±14.2, p = 0.002). Conclusions: This study suggests that consistent SV can be calculated using 2D THV diameters with matching VTI at multiple locations and there is no significant flow acceleration within this valve.
Abstract P333: Homelessness is an Independent Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease Hospital Readmission in the California Health Care Utilization Project
Authors: Evan F Shalen, Gregory Nah, Eric Vittinghoff, Zian H Tseng, Gregory M Marcus, Michelle A Albert, Nisha I Parikh
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Persons who experience homelessness have been shown to have a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, and high incidence of cardiovascular mortality, however little is known about the outcomes of patients experiencing comorbid homelessness and recurrent CVD admissions. We sought to study the effects of homelessness on CVD readmission in California. Methods: We identified all patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of CVD (including ischemic heart disease, stroke and heart failure) in the HCUP California database between 2005 and 2009. Homelessness was defined using an HCUP indicator variable. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards model to determine risk of readmission for potential sociodemographic and clinical confounder variables (see Table). Results: There were 2,889 hospital admissions for CVD in patients who were identified as homeless during the baseline period (by means of a homelessness indicator). Of those, there were 928 hospital readmissions (median time to readmission=39 days). When adjusted for clinical and lifestyle factors (see Table), homelessness independently predicted recurrent CVD [HR of 1.44 (95% CI, 1.36-1.52)]. Conclusions: In HCUP CA, homelessness independently predicted CVD readmission. Our findings suggest a potential need for development and study of interventions to improve post-hospital management of CVD in patients experiencing homelessness.
Proton Sensor GPR68 Is Essential to Maintain Myeloid Malignancies
Authors: Xiaofei He, Mark Wunderlich, Benjamin Mizukawa, James C. Mulloy, Saran Feng, Lauren Lawley, Caleb Hawkins, Wenxin Fan, Guokun Zhou, Xiang-ming Zha, Jiajia Zhang, Johnie Hodge, Daping Fan, Stephanie Halene, Jing Fang
Journal: Blood (2018)
Glioblastoma Therapy in the Age of Molecular Medicine
Authors: Luiz Henrique Medeiros Geraldo, Celina Garcia, Anna Carolina Carvalho da Fonseca, Luiz Gustavo Feijó Dubois, Tânia Cristina Leite de Sampaio e Spohr, Diana Matias, Eduardo Sabino de Camargo Magalhães, Rackele Ferreira do Amaral, Barbara Gomes da Rosa, Izabella Grimaldi, Felipe Sceanu Leser, José Marcos Janeiro, Lucy Macharia, Caroline Wanjiru, Claudia Maria Pereira, Vivaldo Moura-Neto, Catarina Freitas, Flavia Regina Souza Lima
Journal: Trends in cancer (2018)
Abstract 14182: Myocardial Fibrosis and Reverse Remodelling in Nonischaemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Andrea Barison, Alessandro Ortalda, Giancarlo Todiere, Giuseppe Vergaro, Gianluca Mirizzi, Alessandro Valleggi, Sara Chiappino, Luigi Emilio Pastormerlo, Alberto Giannoni, Giovanni Donato Aquaro, Claudio Passino, Michele Emdin
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: In nonischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NICM), myocardial fibrosis can be detected by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) as late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and is associated with worse prognosis. Hypothesis: Absence of myocardial fibrosis is associated with left ventricular reverse remodelling (LV-RR). Methods: One-hundred-and-twenty-five NICM patients (age 51±16 years, 82 male) were enrolled and underwent baseline CMR; patients with ischaemic, valvular, congenital heart disease, other cardiomyopathies or contraindications to CMR were excluded. After a 24-month follow-up on optimal medical therapy, all patients underwent a second CMR; patients who died, underwent device implantation or declined a second CMR, were also excluded from the study. LGE was quantified on post-contrast CMR images. LV-RR was defined as an increase in LV ejection fraction ≥10 U or decrease in LV end-diastolic volume ≥10% at follow-up. Results: Mean LV ejection fraction was 41±11% at baseline, 47±12% at follow-up: LV-RR was observed in 59 patients (47%), with no age or gender difference (p=NS) . LGE was present in 69 (54%) patients at baseline (mean extent 12±6 g), without significant differences at follow-up (mean extent 13±7 g). Patients experiencing LV-RR during follow-up presented a baseline worse LV ejection fraction (36±12%) than no-LV-RR patients ( 45±9%, p&lt;0.01), greater LV volumes (123±38 vs. 110±22 ml/m2, p=0.02) and worse right ventricular ejection fraction (54±12% vs. 59±10%, p=0.02) . Nevertheless, only 17 (29%) LV-RR patients presented LGE compared to 31 (47%, p=0.04) no-LV-RR patients. Moreover, among LGE-positive patients (n=48), only 17 (35%) developed LV-RR, while among LGE-negative patients (n=77), 42 (55%) developed LV-RR (p=0.04). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the absence of LGE at baseline CMR was a strong predictor of LV-RR (p=0.02), even after correction for age, New York Heart Association class, LV volumes and systolic function. Conclusions: In patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, absence of LGE was a strong independent predictor of LV-RR at 2-year follow-up, irrespective of the initial clinical status and the severity of ventricular dilatation and dysfunction.
Changing to oral antibiotics was noninferior to continuing IV antibiotics in left-sided infective endocarditis
Authors: Fred Arthur Zar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

ACP Journal Club18 December 2018Changing to oral antibiotics was noninferior to continuing IV antibiotics in left-sided infective endocarditisFred Arthur Zar, MDFred Arthur Zar, MDUniversity of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA (F.A.Z.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2018-169-12-065 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationIversen K, Ihlemann N, Gill SU, et al. Partial oral versus intravenous antibiotic treatment of endocarditis. N Engl J Med. 2018. [Epub ahead of print]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30152252Clinical Impact RatingsCardiology: Infectious Disease: References1 LM, Wilson WR, Bayer AS, et al; American Heart Association Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, and Stroke Council. Infective endocarditis in adults: diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy, and management of complications: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2015;132:1435-86. [PMID: 26373316] Google Scholar2 G, Lancellotti P, Antunes MJ, et al; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: The Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). Eur Heart J. 2015;36:3075-128. [PMID: 26320109] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA (F.A.Z.)This article was published at Annals.org on 4 December 2018. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 December 2018Volume 169, Issue 12Page: JC65KeywordsAntibioticsBacteremiaBacteriaCardiac surgeryEchocardiographyEndocarditisHeartMortalityPathogensSurgery ePublished: 18 December 2018 Issue Published: 18 December 2018 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2018 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Integrated Efficacy Results from the Phase II and Phase III Studies with Caplacizumab in Patients with Acquired Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Flora Peyvandi, Spero R Cataland, Marie Scully, Paul Coppo, Paul Knöbl, Johanna A. Kremer Hovinga, Ara Metjian, Javier De La Rubia, Katerina Pavenski, Jessica Minkue, Filip Callewaert, Hilde De Winter
Journal: Blood (2018)
Variability in the diagnosis of surgical‐site infections after full‐thickness skin grafting: an international survey
Authors: J. Palmgren, J. Paoli, A. Schmidtchen, K. Saleh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Diagnosis of a surgical‐site infection (SSI) in dermatological surgery can be based entirely on a subjective assessment, according to the fourth criterion of the most common definition of an SSI, which was established by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. To investigate the interobserver agreement between dermatologists in their diagnosis of SSI of dermatosurgical wounds. An international electronic photographic survey with eight photographs of wounds 1 week after full‐thickness skin grafting (FTSG) was sent to dermatologists. All wounds were assessed in terms of visual criteria beforehand. Data collected from respondents included physician characteristics and experience, and SSI assessments of all wounds. In total, 393 dermatologists from 27 countries enrolled. Most respondents were from the U.S.A. (25%), followed by Sweden (24%) and the U.K. (13%). There was only a slight interobserver agreement on SSI suspicion (κ = 0·19). SSI suspicion was lower for male physicians (P = 0·03), board‐certified dermatologists (P = 0·001), physicians regularly assessing surgical wounds (P = 0·03) and physicians performing FTSG (P < 0·001). Swedish physicians diagnosed more SSIs than U.S. physicians (P = 0·002). Erythema was more common in cases with higher SSI suspicion. This study reveals broad inter‐rater variability in the diagnosis of SSI, illustrating the need for novel objective diagnostic methods that can better capture the variables that constitute an SSI.
Comparison of computational methods for the identification of topologically associating domains
Authors: Marie Zufferey, Daniele Tavernari, Elisa Oricchio, Giovanni Ciriello
Journal: Genome biology (2018)

Chromatin folding gives rise to structural elements among which are clusters of densely interacting DNA regions termed topologically associating domains (TADs). TADs have been characterized across multiple species, tissue types, and differentiation stages, sometimes in association with regulation of biological functions. The reliability and reproducibility of these findings are intrinsically related with the correct identification of these domains from high-throughput chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) experiments. Here, we test and compare 22 computational methods to identify TADs across 20 different conditions. We find that TAD sizes and numbers vary significantly among callers and data resolutions, challenging the definition of an average TAD size, but strengthening the hypothesis that TADs are hierarchically organized domains, rather than disjoint structural elements. Performances of these methods differ based on data resolution and normalization strategy, but a core set of TAD callers consistently retrieve reproducible domains, even at low sequencing depths, that are enriched for TAD-associated biological features. This study provides a reference for the analysis of chromatin domains from Hi-C experiments and useful guidelines for choosing a suitable approach based on the experimental design, available data, and biological question of interest.
Abstract 16325: Thrombus Composition and Malapposition of Stent Struts Affect Early Endothelialization
Authors: Lana Fateh, Anouchska S Autar, Heleen M Van Beusekom
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Obstructive coronary artery disease is usually treated with drug eluting stents (DES) to restore blood flow. DES successfully reduce scar tissue and restenosis but were long thought to delay re-endothelialization (re-EC). The latter is thought to be the leading cause for acute stent thrombosis. Understanding early re-EC is essential to improve DES efficacy. One such factor is early thrombus coverage as the interface between stent strut and endothelium, and the substrate for re-EC. We therefore investigated parameters associated with early re-EC such as effective stent placement (i.e. malapposition, vascular injury) and thrombus (composition, thickness), in a clinically relevant swine coronary injury model mimicking predilation prior to coronary stenting. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that thrombus and stent both affect re-EC. Methods: Each artery (n=24, 8 swine) was predilated 3x with 30% oversized balloons under guidance of quantitative coronary angiography. Then bare metal stents (BMS) and DES ...
Abstract 12742: Leptin Links Acute Effects of Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibition on Weight Loss and Energy Expenditure
Authors: Chaoneng Wu, Andrei Maiseyeu, Jeffrey A Deiuliis, Jixin Zhong, Xiaoquan Rao, Zhekang Ying, Vaishali Bagalkot, Sanjay Rajagopalan
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Objective: Leptin has been previously shown to play an important role in maintaining insulin sensitivity and energy balance via catecholamine and cAMP dependent pathways. Since inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), an enzyme that potently modulates cAMP and widely expressed in innate immune cells, causes weight loss, we hypothesized that PDE4i may mediate its effects in part via shared pathways with Leptin. Methods and Results: Diet-induced obese C57Bl/6 (DIO) mice (12 weeks of high-fat diet, HFD, 60% fat) were treated with Roflumilast (3mg/kg/day, IP; HFD-Roflu), a high affinity inhibitor of PDE4 (PDE4i) or vehicle (HFD-Veh, n=6~10 in each group). Compared to HFD-Veh, HFD-Roflu mice showed rapid (&lt;7 days) and substantial weight loss (% of fat content, 27.3±2.7 vs 14.5±1.6), increased energy expenditure (~20%↑ in VCO 2 ,VO 2 and heat production), upregulated thermogenic genes (↑expression of Pgc-1α , Ucp-1 , Cidea and Dio-2 ) and norepinephrine (9.5±2.0 vs 27.4±2.9 pg/g) in brown adipose tissue with corresponding upregulation of the “browning” genes in white adipose tissue (WAT). PDE4i decreased plasma leptin levels (Δ Leptin of 1.5±0.8 vs . 16.7±4.4 in HFD-Veh vs HFD-Roflu from baseline to the end of treatment), with corresponding improvement in insulin sensitivity (improved ITT), hepatic steatosis and WAT inflammation (↓19.9% of CD11b + /F4/80 + cells in subcutaneous WAT). However, these effects of PDE4i were not observed in Lep ob/ob mice when treated for the same duration with similar dose (n=6), suggesting the requisite role of leptin signaling for PDE4i effects. Simultaneous treatment of DIO mice with PDE4i and leptin-neutralizing antibody (0.4 μg/g/day, SC for 6 days) abrogated the aforementioned effects of PDE4i, while administration of Leptin (0.5 ug/g/day, IP) in addition to PDE4i in Lep ob/ob mice for consecutive 6 days restored weight loss and energy expenditure, improved ITT, and increased catecholamine in both WAT (6.2±0.4 vs 27.4±2.3) and BAT (14.3±1.4 vs 24.8±2.4 pg/g) previously seen in HFD-Roflu mice (n=6). Conclusions: Our results suggest that leptin signaling is requisite for PDE4i-induced weight loss, energy expenditure and catecholamine production in obesity.
Pharmacokinetic evaluation of liposomal nanoparticle-encapsulated nucleic acid drug: A combined study of dynamic PET imaging and LC/MS/MS analysis
Authors: Hidefumi Mukai, Kentaro Hatanaka, Nobuhiro Yagi, Shota Warashina, Maki Zouda, Maiko Takahashi, Kazuya Narushima, Hayato Yabuuchi, Junko Iwano, Takeshi Kuboyama, Junichi Enokizono, Yasuhiro Wada, Yasuyoshi Watanabe
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2018)
Proton beam therapy for cancer in the era of precision medicine
Authors: Man Hu, Liyang Jiang, Xiangli Cui, Jianguang Zhang, Jinming Yu
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2018)

Precision radiotherapy, which accurately delivers the dose on a tumor and confers little or no irradiation to the surrounding normal tissue and organs, results in maximum tumor control and decreases the toxicity to the utmost extent. Proton beam therapy (PBT) provides superior dose distributions and has a dosimetric advantage over photon beam therapy. Initially, the clinical practice and study of proton beam therapy focused on ocular tumor, skull base, paraspinal tumors (chondrosarcoma and chordoma), and unresectable sarcomas, which responded poorly when treated with photon radiotherapy. Then, it is widely regarded as an ideal mode for reirradiation and pediatrics due to reducing unwanted side effects by lessening the dose to normal tissue. During the past decade, the application of PBT has been rapidly increasing worldwide and gradually expanding for the treatment of various malignancies. However, to date, the role of PBT in clinical settings is still controversial, and there are considerable challenges in its application. We systematically review the latest advances of PBT and the challenges for patient treatment in the era of precision medicine.
Diffuse cavitary benign metastasising leiomyoma of the lung
Authors: Jun Zhang, Aisheng Dong, Yong Cui, Yang Wang, Jia Chen
Journal: Thorax (2018)

A 49-year-old woman presented to the pulmonary outpatient clinic with a 4-year history of cough and dyspnoea. Physical examination showed bilateral coarse breath sounds. Pulmonary function tests showed mixed ventilatory defects and small airway obstruction. Chest CT (figure 1) revealed diffuse pulmonary nodules smaller than 1 cm with cavitation. Pelvic ultrasonography revealed a uterine leiomyoma measuring 4×3 cm. A video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery wedge biopsy of the left lingular segment was performed. Microscopic examination revealed the nodules were composed of cytologically benign spindle cells without atypia (figure 2A,B). These spindle cells were positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin (figure 2C), oestrogen (figure 2D) and progesterone (figure 2E) receptor, and negative for D2-40, …
Pay-it-forward strategy to enhance uptake of dual gonorrhea and chlamydia testing among men who have sex with men in China: a pragmatic, quasi-experimental study
Authors: Katherine T Li, Weiming Tang, Dan Wu, Wenting Huang, Feng Wu, Amy Lee, Henry Feng, Stephen W Pan, Larry Han, Vincent Mak, Ligang Yang, Joseph D Tucker
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2018)
P038 Docosapentaenoic Acid and Lung Cancer Risk: A Mendelian Randomisation Study
Authors: J. Liu, H. Zhou, Y. Zhang, Y. Huang, W. Fang, Y. Yang, S. Hong, G. Chen, S. Zhao, X. Chen, Z. Zhang, J. Shen, W. Xian, J. Zhan, Y. Zhao, X. Hou, Y. Ma, T. Zhou, H. Zhao, L. Zhang
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)
Frequency of Use Among Middle and High School Student Tobacco Product Users — United States, 2015–2017
Authors: Gabriella M. Anic, Michael D. Sawdey, Ahmed Jamal, Katrina F. Trivers
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

Tobacco product use during adolescence increases the risk for lifelong nicotine addiction and immediate adverse health effects (1,2). During 2011-2017, current use of cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, and pipe tobacco decreased significantly among middle and high school students, but current use of e-cigarettes increased significantly from 1.5% to 11.7% (3). In 2017, an estimated 19.6% of high school students (2.95 million) and 5.6% of middle school students (0.67 million) were current users of any tobacco product; e-cigarettes were the most commonly used tobacco product for both middle (3.3%) and high (11.7%) school students (3). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and CDC analyzed combined data from the 2015-2017 National Youth Tobacco Surveys (NYTS) to determine past 30-day (current) frequency of use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, and hookahs among U.S. high school and middle school students. During 2015-2017, the proportion of students currently using tobacco products who used a product for ≥20 of the past 30 days ranged from 14.0% of cigar smokers to 38.7% of smokeless tobacco users among high school students and from 13.1% of e-cigarette users to 24.5% of hookah smokers among middle school students. Among current users, use of two or more tobacco products ranged from 76.7% (e-cigarettes) to 90.9% (hookahs) among those using the product ≥20 of the preceding 30 days, from 68.0% (e-cigarettes) to 84.2% (hookahs) among those using the product for 6 to 19 of the preceding 30 days, and from 48.8% (e-cigarettes) to 77.2% (cigarettes) among those using the product for 1 to 5 of the preceding 30 days. Sustained implementation of proven tobacco control strategies focusing on all types of tobacco products, in coordination with the regulation of tobacco products by FDA, are needed to reduce tobacco product initiation and use among U.S. youths.
Zella 201: A Biomarker-Guided Phase II Study of Alvocidib Followed By Cytarabine and Mitoxantrone in MCL-1 Dependent Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Authors: Joshua F Zeidner, Tara L Lin, Carlos E Vigil, Andrew Dalovisio, Eunice S. Wang, Moshe Yair Levy, Mark G. Frattini, Daniel J. Lee, Pau Montesinos, Juan Miguel Miguel Bergua Burgues, Jeffrey R. Schriber, Stephen Anthony, David J. Bearss, B. Douglas Smith
Journal: Blood (2018)
Subgroup Analyses of the Randomized GMMG Phase III Multicenter Trial Relapse Suggest Survival Benefit of Salvage Autologous Transplant Primarily in Low Risk Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Marc-A. Baertsch, Jana Schlenzka, Habermehl Christina, Thomas Hielscher, Marc S Raab, Jens Hillengass, Carsten Müller-Tidow, Steffen Luntz, Anna Jauch, Peter Brossart, Martin Goerner, Stefan A Klein, Martin Schmidt-Hieber, Peter Reimer, Ullrich Graeven, Roland Fenk, Mathias Haenel, Hans Martin, Hans-Walter Lindemann, Christoph Scheid, Axel Nogai, Hans Jürgen Salwender, Richard Noppeney, Katja Weisel, Hartmut Goldschmidt
Journal: Blood (2018)