tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P295: Synergistic Effect of Food Insecurity and Intimate Partner Violence on Maternal Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Sajeevika S Daundasekara, Brittany Schuler, Daphne C Hernandez, Arleen Longoria
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: There are evidence of intimate partner violence (IPV) and food insecurity (FI) as independent predictors of maternal depressive symptoms. However, there are a dearth of studies that have examined how both IPV and FI influence depressive symptoms. The objective of this study was to determine whether IPV, food insecurity, or the combined effect of experiencing both IPV and FI predicted later onset of maternal depressive symptoms. Method: Data over a nine year time span from Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing study were used for the current study (N=1421). IPV and FI were both measured at three and five years from the child’s birth. IPV was measured using seven items depicting physical and psychological abuse from spouse/partner. Household FI was measured using the 18-item Food Security Module developed by the United States Department of Agriculture. Four mutually exclusive dichotomous variables were created based on IPV and FI experiences. Mothers who experienced IPV at least at one time but did not experience FI were classified as “IPV only”. Mothers who experienced FI at least at one time but did not experience IPV were classified as “FI only”. Mothers who experienced both IPV and FI at least one time were classified as “both IPV and FI”. The final group “never IPV nor FI” did not experience IPV nor FI. Maternal depressive symptoms at year nine was determined using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short Form. Covariate adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to understand the relation between IPV and FI on onset of depressive symptoms. Results: Twenty-seven percent of the study sample experienced both IPV and FI, 63% IPV only, 4% FI only, and 6% never. At year nine 18% of the mothers reported depressive symptoms. Majority of the sample were non-Hispanic black (52%) or Hispanic (23%), married/cohabiting (57%), and with a high school or higher education (76%). After controlling for age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, financial strain and prior depressive symptoms, mothers who experienced both IPV and FI during 3-5 years after child’s birth had significantly higher odds of having depressive symptoms at 9 years after child’s birth (OR=2.10, 95% CI: 1.04, 4.27) compared to mothers experiencing neither. The odds of having depressive symptoms among mothers experiencing either IPV only (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 0.67, 2.66) or FI only (OR=2.34, 95% CI: 0.94, 5.86) was not significantly different from mothers experiencing neither. Conclusions: Maternal cumulative experiences of IPV and FI three to five years after child’s birth increased the likelihood of later onset of depressive symptoms. Currently IPV, food insecurity and depression are typically addressed in isolation. Using a trauma-informed approach, combining IPV counselling with public/private food assistance programs might be effective in preventing maternal depressive symptoms later in life.
Preoperative intensified chemoradiotherapy with or without induction chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer and synchronous liver-limited resectable metastases; result from a randomized phase II study to improve both local and systemic control.
Authors: Seong Joon Park, Yong Sang Hong, Jeong Eun Kim, Kyu-Pyo Kim, Jae-Lyun Lee, Myung Ah Lee, Hoo Geun Chun, Sun Young Kim, Ji Yeon Baek, Tae Won Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e14597 Background: There have been controversies in the managements for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer with synchronous resectable liver metastases. Both systemic and local control should be considered, and this study was designed with the aim of improving systemic control as well as emphasizing local control. Methods: This is a multicenter, randomized phase II study accrued patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (cT3-4N0 or cTanyN1-2) and with resectable liver-limited metastases (cM1a). Patients were randomly assigned to receive induction CapeOX followed by chemoradiotherapy with CapeOX (CapeOX-RT) (arm A) or CapeOX-RT alone (arm B). CapeOX consisted of oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 on d1, capecitabine 2,000 mg/m2/d on d1-14, 2 cycles; CapeOX-RT consisted of RT with 45 Gy/25 daily fx ± 5.4 Gy/3 fx, oxaliplatin 50 mg/m2/wk for 5 wks, capecitabine 1,650 mg/m2/d on d1-38, during RT. Surgery was planned with total mesorectal excision (TME) and simultaneous liver metastasectomy within 6 wks after completion of preoperative treatments. The primary endpoint was R0 resection rate. Results: A total of 38 patients were randomly assigned between Mar 2010 and May 2014; 18 patients to arm A and 20 to arm B. The arms were balanced. The overall R0 resection rate was 77.8% in the arm A and 70.0% in arm B (p= 0.72); R0 resection rate for TME was 83.3% vs 95.0% (p= 0.33), and that for metastasectomy was 77.8% vs 70.0% (p= 0.72). Radiologic response rate was 61.1% vs 70.0% (p= 0.734), and pathologic complete response rate was 11.1% vs 5.0% (p= 0.60). At a median follow-up of 41 months, 3-year disease-free survival was 14.2 vs 15.1 months in median (HR 0.707 [95% CI, 0.304 – 1.646], p= 0.422), and 3-year overall survival rate was 75.0% vs 88.8% (HR 0.379 [0.063 – 2.283], p= 0.29), respectively. Conclusions: Both treatment strategies demonstrated considerable R0 resection rates. Intensified chemoradiotherapy seemed to be effective in both of local and systemic control before surgery, and the addition of induction chemotherapy may not improve efficacy outcomes. Clinical trial information: NCT01643070.
Defining a molecular subclass of treatment resistant prostate cancer.
Authors: Himisha Beltran, Davide Prandi, Juan Miguel Mosquera, Eugenia Giannopoulou, Loredana Puca, Clarisse Marotz, David M. Nanus, Scott T. Tagawa, Olivier Elemento, Eliezer Mendel Van Allen, Andrea Sboner, Levi A. Garraway, Mark A. Rubin, Francesca Demichelis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

5004 Background: A subset of advanced prostate cancers can progress from an androgen receptor (AR)-driven state to AR independence, often associated with low or absent AR expression and extensive neuroendocrine differentiation. Once neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) develops, patients often demonstrate an aggressive clinical course and poor overall survival. Diagnosis is important but remains challenging as the clinical and pathologic features associated with AR independence and NEPC are poorly defined. Methods: We performed whole-exome sequencing of 124 metastatic tumors from 81 patients (35 with morphologic features of NEPC). Serial or synchronous samples were included to characterize heterogeneity and the transition from adenocarcinoma to NEPC. Computational analysis of clonality and allele-specific quantification were performed using CLONET. Quantitative mRNA assessments, including AR signaling genes and DNA methylation, were evaluated in the context of genomic changes. Results: The mutational landscape of NEPC and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) did not differ significantly by rate of non-synonymous mutations or copy number burden (average > 40% of genome was aberrant), and polyploidy was frequently detected together with common allelic imbalances. Comparative analysis at the DNA and mRNA level identified decreased AR signaling in NEPC and a range of AR signaling in CRPC, enrichment of copy number losses (including RB1 and multiple genes on 16q) in NEPC, and focal high level AR amplification in CRPC in contrast to NEPC (p = 0.0007). DNA allele-specific analysis of multi-sample cases suggested diverse genomic state of key lesions including aberrations in MYCN and CDKN1B. Conclusions: This is largest study to date focused on the molecular landscape of the NEPC resistance phenotype. NEPC is characterized by a molecular profile defined by distinct genomic alterations and decreased AR signaling. A subgroup of CRPC demonstrates lower AR signaling and molecular overlap with NEPC. This study supports clonal evolution of prostate adenocarcinoma to NEPC, provides new insight into NEPC biology and disease heterogeneity, and may aid in the detection of AR independence and emergence of the NEPC subclass of treatment resistance.
Differences in neurotropism and neurotoxicity among retrograde viral tracers
Authors: Leqiang Sun, Yajie Tang, Keji Yan, Jinsong Yu, Yanyan Zou, Weize Xu, Ke Xiao, Zhihui Zhang, Weiming Li, Beili Wu, Zhe Hu, Kening Chen, Zhen F. Fu, Jinxia Dai, Gang Cao
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2019)

Neurotropic virus-based tracers have been extensively applied in mapping and manipulation of neural circuits. However, their neurotropic and neurotoxic properties remain to be fully characterized.Through neural circuit tracing, we systematically compared the neurotropism discrepancy among different multi-trans-synaptic and mono-synaptic retrograde viral tracers including pseudorabies virus (PRV), rabies virus (RV), and the newly engineered retro adeno-associated virus (rAAV2-retro) tracers. The (single-cell) RNA sequencing analysis was utilized for seeking possible attribution to neurotropism discrepancy and comparing cell toxicity caused by viral infection between glycoprotein-deleted RV (RV-∆G) and rAAV2-retro. Viral toxicity induced microglia activation and neuronal protein change were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Multi-trans-synaptic retrograde viral tracers, PRV and RV, exhibit differential neurotropism when they were used for central neural circuit tracing from popliteal lymph nodes. Mono-synaptic retrograde tracers, including RV-∆G and rAAV2-retro, displayed discrepant neurotropic property, when they were applied to trace the inputs of lateral hypothalamic area and medial preoptic nucleus. rAAV2-retro demonstrated preference in cerebral cortex, whereas RV-∆G prefers to label basal ganglia and hypothalamus. Remarkably, we detected a distinct preference for specific cortical layer of rAAV2-retro in layer 5 and RV-∆G in layer 6 when they were injected into dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus to label corticothalamic neurons in primary visual cortex. Complementation of TVA receptor gene in RV-resistant neurons enabled EnvA-pseudotyped RV infection, supporting receptors attribution to viral neurotropism. Furthermore, both RV-∆G and rAAV2-retro exerted neurotoxic influence at the injection sites and retrogradely labeled sites, while the changes were more profound for RV-∆G infection. Finally, we demonstrated a proof-of-concept strategy for more comprehensive high-order circuit tracing of a specific target nucleus by combining rAAV2-retro, RV, and rAAV tracers.Different multi-trans-synaptic and mono-synaptic retrograde viral tracers exhibited discrepant neurotropism within certain brain regions, even cortical layer preference. More neurotoxicity was observed under RV-∆G infection as compared with rAAV2-retro. By combining rAAV2-retro, RV, and rAAV tracers, high-order circuit tracing can be achieved. Our findings provide important reference for appropriate application of viral tracers to delineate the landscape and dissect the function of neural network.
PTH-157 The prognostic impact of extracapsular lymph node involvement after neoadjuvant therapy and oesophagectomy
Authors: SM Lagarde, M Navidi, J Sultan, SS Gisbertz, HM van Laarhoven, SL Meijer, A Immanuel, MI van Berge Henegouwen, M Griffin
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> In patients with oesophageal cancer, little attention has been paid to the biological significance of extracapsular lymph node involvement (LNI) in patients who underwent neoadjuvant treatment followed by oesophagectomy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the incidence, extent of extracapsular LNI and prognostic significance in a consecutive multicenter series of patients with cancer of the oesophagus or gastro-esophageal junction (GOJ) who underwent neoadjuvant chemo (radio) therapy followed by surgery. <h3>Method</h3> From a prospectively collected database, a consecutive series of patients in two high volume centres in Europe was analysed. All patients with potentially curable adeno- or squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus or GOJ were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiation therapy followed by transthoracic oesophagectomy and two-field lymphadenectomy. <h3>Results</h3> Between January 2000 and September 2013 a consecutive series of 704 patients underwent an oesophagectomy after neoadjuvant therapy. A median number of 28 (5–77) nodes was resected and identified. 347 (49.3%) patients had no evidence of lymph node metastases (ypN0). There were 357 (50.7%) patients with positive nodes (ypN1-N3). Extracapsular LNI was identified in 190 (53.2%) of lymph node positive patients. Five-year overall survival rates were 63% for N0 patients, 45% for patients with intracapsular LNI and 14% for patients with extracapsular LNI (p &lt; 0.001). Multivariate analyses demonstrated that a higher ypT-stage, a higher ypN-stage, the presence of extracapsular LNI male gender, and a microscopically irradical resection were all independent prognostic factors. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The presence of extracapsular LNI after neoadjuvant chemo (radiation) therapy identifies a subgroup of patients with a significantly worse long-term survival. Extracapsular LNI reflects a particularly aggressive biologic behaviour and has significant prognostic potential and should be considered for the future edition of the TNM staging system for oesophageal cancer. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Illnesses during 11 international athletics championships between 2009 and 2017: incidence, characteristics and sex-specific and discipline-specific differences
Authors: Pascal Edouard, Astrid Junge, Marine Sorg, Toomas Timpka, Pedro Branco
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2019)

Illnesses impair athletes' participation and performance. The epidemiology of illness in athletics is limited.To describe the occurrence and characteristics of illnesses during international athletics championships (indoor and outdoor), and to analyse differences with regards to athletes' sex and participation in explosive and endurance disciplines.During 11 international championships held between 2009 and 2017, physicians from both national medical teams and the local organising committees reported daily on all athlete illnesses using a standardised report form. Illness frequencies, incidence proportions (IPs) and rates (IRs), and relative risks (RR) with 95% CIs were calculated.During the 59 days of the 11 athletics championships, 546 illnesses were recorded in the 12 594 registered athletes equivalent to IP of 43.4 illnesses per 1000 registered athletes (95% CI 39.8 to 46.9) or IR of 1.2 per 1000 registered athlete days (95% CI 1.1 to 1.2). The most frequently reported illnesses were upper respiratory tract infections (18.7%), exercise-induced fatigue/hypotension/collapse (15.4%) and gastroenteritis (13.2%). No myocardial infarction was recorded. A total of 28.8% of illnesses were expected to lead to time loss from sport. The illness IP was similar in male and female athletes, with few differences in illness characteristics. During outdoor championships, the illness IP was higher in endurance than explosive disciplines (RR=1.87; 95% CI 1.58 to 2.23), with a considerably higher IP of exercise-induced illness in endurance disciplines, but a similar upper respiratory tract infection IP in both discipline groups.Illness prevention strategies during international athletics championships should be focused on the most frequent diagnoses in each discipline group.
Radiomic analysis of contrast-enhanced CT predicts microvascular invasion and outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xun Xu, Hai-Long Zhang, Qiu-Ping Liu, Shu-Wen Sun, Jing Zhang, Fei-Peng Zhu, Guang Yang, Xu Yan, Yu-Dong Zhang, Xi-Sheng Liu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Revascularization of the Heart
Authors: RICHARD S. HAHN, CLAUDE S. BECK
Journal: Circulation (1952)

This report on revascularization of the heart is based on work done in this laboratory in the period from Sept. 1, 1949 to Sept. 1, 1951. A brief description of the operation is given. After the operation was done an attempt was made to shift the inflow from the coronary arteries to the graft from the aorta. An attempt was made to occlude all coronary arteries. Four hundred operations were done on 100 dogs. Data on mortality and infarcts are given in this paper.
Beyond reduction with the representation: The need for causality with full complexity to unravel mental health
Authors: Martin Desseilles, Christophe Phillips
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2019)

Abstract In this commentary on Borsboom et al.’s target article, we argue that researchers should be aware of the historical development of models in neuroscience. Considering the importance of causality in anatomo-clinical approach and stressing the complexity of mental phenomenon, we provide new insight on reductionism and representation limitation.
Eficacy and safety of first-line TKI in elderly with metastatic renal cancer.
Authors: Luciana de Moura Leite, Jose A. Rinck, Aldo A. Dettino, Stenio Cassio Zequi, Alexandre Andre B. A. Da Costa, Daniel Garcia, Maria Nirvana Formiga
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

588 Background: Data on 1 st line treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in elderly patients(pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is controversial, and there is rationale for inferior outcomes due to multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety between the elderly (E) and non-elderly (NE) in 1 st line therapy, and to explore factors influencing survival and toxicity. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all medical records of mRCC pts treated with 1 st line TKI at our institution (2007 – 2018). Categorial variables were compared by Fisher’s exact test and continuous, Mann–Whitney. Survival was estimated by Kaplan-Maier method, prognostic factors adjusted by Cox regression model. Results: From 171 eligible pts, 64 (37.4%) had ≥ 65years old, with median age of 70.5 for E and 56 for NE. In both groups most were male, had clear cell histology, good/intermediate IMDC risk, prior nephrectomy and &gt; 1 metastatic (mets) site. Sites of mets were evenly distributed. E pts had more diabetes (35.9 vs16.8%, p.009) , hypertension (67.2 vs 46.7%, p.01), cardiovascular disease (15.6 vs 6.5%, p.06), moderate/severe renal dysfunction (62.5 vs 28.8%, p &lt; 0001), high Charlson Comorbidities Index (CCI≥3, 48.4% vs 20.8%, p &lt; .0001), polypharmacy (34.4 vs15.9%, p.008), worst ECOG (≥2, 28.2 vs 12.3%, p.01), and a trend to worst nutrition (weight loss 35.9 vs 22.5%, p.07). Sunitinib was used for 60.9 vs 79.4%, Pazopanib 35.9 vs 18.7%, Sorafenib 3.1 vs 1.9%, comparing E and NE pts. Median overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) was 23.7 vs 25.6m (p.8) and 9.3 vs 10.9m (p.7), respectively. After adjusting for prognostic factors, age continues not to influence OS (HR 1.17, IC95 0.77-1.78, p.45). Grade (G) 3/4 toxicity was seen in 59.4 vs 53.3%, dose reduction in 54.7 vs 53.3% and suspension due to toxicity 25 vs 13.3% for E and NE, respectively. In the E, none of the comorbidities, CCI or polypharmacy impaired OS or toxicity, but pts using sunitinibe had greater G3/4 toxicity than with pazopanib (71.8 vs 39.1%, p.02). Conclusions: Elderly had similar outcomes to NE pts, despite greater comorbidities and polypharmacy, hence efficacious therapies shouldn’t avoided. Pazopanib seems to be safer in this subgroup.
Abstract 15509: Left Ventricular Unloading by Left Ventricular Assist Device and Bradycardic Agent Synergistically Reduces Oxygen Consumption in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Keita Saku, Genya Sunagawa, Takahiro Arimura, Takamori Kakino, Takafumi Sakamoto, Takuya Akashi, Yoshinori Murayama, Takuya Kishi, Hiroyuki Tsutsui, Kenji Sunagawa
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Reducing myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) limits infarct size because the imbalance between oxygen supply and demand is the fundamental pathop...
Water‐Responsive Hybrid Nanoparticles Codelivering ICG and DOX Effectively Treat Breast Cancer via Hyperthermia‐aided DOX Functionality and Drug Penetration
Authors: Xuerong Liu, Cheng Wang, Huisong Ma, Fangying Yu, Fuqiang Hu, Hong Yuan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

Abstract Tumor growth and metastasis are the major causes of high mortality in breast cancer. In this study, a water‐responsive phospholipid‐calcium‐carbonate hybrid nanoparticle (PL/ACC‐DOX&amp;ICG) surface modified with a phospholipid shell is designed and covered with a shielding polymer polyethylene glycol; this development is loaded with the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) for near‐infrared (NIR) imaging and chemophotothermal combination therapy against breast cancer. PL/ACC‐DOX&amp;ICG exhibits satisfactory stability against various aqueous environments with minimal drug leakage and can readily decompose to facilitate quick drug release into cancer cells. In vivo biodistribution studies, PL/ACC‐DOX&amp;ICG demonstrated strong tumor‐homing properties. Interestingly, the in vitro cellular uptake and intratumoral penetration depth of PL/ACC‐DOX&amp;ICG are significantly enhanced under NIR laser irradiation, owing to ICG‐induced hyperthermia, which not only enhances cell permeability and fluidity but also disrupts the dense tumor extracellular matrix. Compared to chemotherapy or photothermal therapy alone, chemophotothermal combination therapy synergistically induces apoptosis and death in 4T1 cells. Moreover, compared with the phosphate buffer saline group, the combined treatment suppress primary tumor growth at a rate of approximately 94.88% and decrease the number of metastatic nodules by about 93.6%. Therefore, PL/ACC‐DOX&amp;ICG may be a promising nanoplatform for breast cancer treatment.