tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 11749: Comparison of Diagnostic Performance of Relative Flow Reserve With Coronary Flow Reserve By 13N-ammonia Positron Emission Tomography to Detect Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Takatoyo Kiko, Yasuchika Takeishi
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: 13N-ammonia PET has been used to evaluate myocardial blood flow (MBF) and coronary flow reserve (CFR) quantitatively. Relative flow reserve (RFR) was defined as the ratio of hyperemic...
Preclinical antitumor efficacy of senescence-inducing chemotherapy combined with a nanoSenolytic
Authors: Irene Galiana, Beatriz Lozano-Torres, Mónica Sancho, María Alfonso, Andrea Bernardos, Viviana Bisbal, Manuel Serrano, Ramón Martínez-Máñez, Mar Orzáez
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2020)
Mechanisms of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition: Insights From Large-Scale Proteomics
Authors: Ele Ferrannini, Ashwin C. Murthy, Yong-ho Lee, Elza Muscelli, Sophie Weiss, Rachel M. Ostroff, Naveed Sattar, Stephen A. Williams, Peter Ganz
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of empagliflozin, a selective sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, on broad biological systems through proteomics. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Aptamer-based proteomics was used to quantify 3,713 proteins in 144 paired plasma samples obtained from 72 participants across the spectrum of glucose tolerance before and after 4 weeks of empagliflozin 25 mg/day. The biology of the plasma proteins significantly changed by empagliflozin (at false discovery rate–corrected P &amp;lt; 0.05) was discerned through Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. RESULTS Empagliflozin significantly affected levels of 43 proteins, 6 related to cardiomyocyte function (fatty acid–binding protein 3 and 4 [FABPA], neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase, renin, thrombospondin 4, and leptin receptor), 5 to iron handling (ferritin heavy chain 1, transferrin receptor protein 1, neogenin, growth differentiation factor 2 [GDF2], and β2-microglobulin), and 1 to sphingosine/ceramide metabolism (neutral ceramidase), a known pathway of cardiovascular disease. Among the protein changes achieving the strongest statistical significance, insulin-like binding factor protein-1 (IGFBP-1), transgelin-2, FABPA, GDF15, and sulphydryl oxidase 2 precursor were increased, while ferritin, thrombospondin 3, and Rearranged during Transfection (RET) were decreased by empagliflozin administration. CONCLUSIONS SGLT2 inhibition is associated, directly or indirectly, with multiple biological effects, including changes in markers of cardiomyocyte contraction/relaxation, iron handling, and other metabolic and renal targets. The most significant differences were detected in protein species (GDF15, ferritin, IGFBP-1, and FABP) potentially related to the clinical and metabolic changes that were actually measured in the same patients. These novel results may inform further studies using targeted proteomics and a prospective design.
Hepatic transferrin plays a role in systemic iron homeostasis and liver ferroptosis
Authors: Yingying Yu, Li Jiang, Hao Wang, Zhe Shen, Qi Cheng, Pan Zhang, Jiaming Wang, Qian Wu, Xuexian Fang, Lingyan Duan, Shufen Wang, Kai Wang, Peng An, Tuo Shao, Raymond T. Chung, Shusen Zheng, Junxia Min, Fudi Wang
Journal: Blood (2020)
Perioperative Beta Blockade in Noncardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review for the 2014 ACC/AHA Guideline on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Management of Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Duminda N. Wijeysundera, Dallas Duncan, Chileshe Nkonde-Price, Salim S. Virani, Jeffrey B. Washam, Kirsten E. Fleischmann, Lee A. Fleisher
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Patient’s Sister, Seeking Job
Authors: Brigitte Aimee Zimmerman
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1839: Development of urinary pseudo-targeted LC-MS based metabolomics method and its application in hepatocellular carcinoma biomarker discovery
Authors: Zhenzhen Yao, Yaping Shao, Guowang Xu
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the pestilent malignancies leading to cancer-related death. Discovering effective biomarkers for HCC diagnosis is an urgent demand. To identify potential metabolites biomarkers, we developed a urinary pseudo-targeted method based on liquid chromatography- triple quadrupole linear ion Q-trap 5500 mass spectrometry (LC-QTRAP- MS). Compared with non-targeted method, the pseudo-targeted method can achieve better data quality which benefits differential metabolites discovery. The established method was applied to cirrhosis (CIR) and HCC investigation. It was found that urinary nucleosides, bile acids, citric acid and several amino acids were significantly changed in liver disease groups compared with the controls, featuring the dysregulation of purine metabolism, energy metabolism and amino metabolism in liver diseases. Furthermore, some metabolites such as cycle cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP), glutamine and, short- and medium-chain acylcarnitines were the differential metabolites of HCC and CIR. Based on binary logistic regression, butyrylcarnitine (carnitine C4:0) and hydantoin-5-propionic acid were defined as a combinational marker to distinguish HCC from CIR. The area under curve (AUC) was 0.786 and 0.773 for discovery stage and validation stage samples, respectively. These data show that the established pseudo-targeted method is a complementary one of targeted and non-targeted methods for metabolomics study. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Zhenzhen Yao, Yaping Shao, Guowang Xu. Development of urinary pseudo-targeted LC-MS based metabolomics method and its application in hepatocellular carcinoma biomarker discovery. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1839. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1839
Bridging the Researcher-Participant Gap: A Research Agenda to Build Effective Research Relationships
Authors: Stephanie A. Kraft, Devan M. Duenas, Hannah Lewis, Seema K. Shah
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2020)

In engaging patient stakeholders’ views on improving the consent process, Dickert and colleagues (2020) acknowledge that patients place a high value on interactions with research staff and investig...
An experimental model of myocardial hibernation
Authors: J.D. St. Louis, S.C. Hendrickson, A.P. Kypson, G.C. Hughes, R.E. Coteman, C.L. Donovan, T.R. Degrado, L. Seabage, S. Abdel-aleem, K.P. Landolfo, J.E. Lowe
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Association of Racial Residential Segregation Throughout Young Adulthood and Cognitive Performance in Middle-aged Participants in the CARDIA Study
Authors: Michelle R. Caunca, Michelle C. Odden, M. Maria Glymour, Tali Elfassy, Kiarri N. Kershaw, Stephen Sidney, Kristine Yaffe, Lenore Launer, Adina Zeki Al Hazzouri
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Neighborhood-level residential segregation is implicated as a determinant for poor health outcomes in black individuals, but it is unclear whether this association extends to cognitive aging, especially in midlife. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the association between cumulative exposure to residential segregation during 25 years of young adulthood among black individuals and cognitive performance in midlife. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> The ongoing prospective cohort Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study recruited 5115 black and white participants aged 18 to 30 years from 4 field centers at the University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; and Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California. Data were acquired from February 1985 to May 2011. Among the surviving CARDIA cohort, 3671 (71.8%) attended examination year 25 of the study in 2010, when cognition was measured, and 3008 (81.9%) of those completed the cognitive assessments. To account for time-varying confounding and differential censoring, marginal structural models using inverse probability weighting were applied. Data were analyzed from April 16 to July 20, 2019. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Racial residential segregation was measured using the Getis-Ord G<sub>i</sub>* statistic, and the mean cumulative exposure to segregation was calculated across 6 follow-up visits from baseline to year 25 of the study, then categorized into high, medium, and low segregation. Cognitive function was measured at year 25 of the study, using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Stroop color test (reverse coded), and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. To facilitate comparison of estimates,<i>z</i>scores were calculated for all cognitive tests. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 1568 black participants with available cognition data were included in the analysis. At baseline, participants had a mean (SD) age of 25 (4) years and consisted of 936 women (59.7%). Greater cumulative exposure to segregated neighborhoods was associated with a worse DSST<i>z</i>score (for high segregation, β = −0.37 [95% CI, −0.61 to −0.13]; for medium segregation, β = −0.25 [95% CI, −0.51 to 0.0002]) relative to exposure to low segregation. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this cohort study, exposure to residential segregation throughout young adulthood was associated with worse processing speed among black participants as early as in midlife. This association may potentially explain black-white disparities in dementia risk at older age.
Regression of Left Ventricular Mass After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Katherine H. Chau, Pamela S. Douglas, Philippe Pibarot, Rebecca T. Hahn, Omar K. Khalique, Wael A. Jaber, Paul Cremer, Neil J. Weissman, Federico M. Asch, Yiran Zhang, Zachary M. Gertz, Sammy Elmariah, Marie-Annick Clavel, Vinod H. Thourani, Melissa Daubert, Maria C. Alu, Martin B. Leon, Brian R. Lindman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Transmission and evolution of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in Saudi Arabia: A descriptive genomic study
Authors: Matthew Cotten, Simon J. Watson, Paul Kellam, Abdullah A. Al-Rabeeah, Hatem Q. Makhdoom, Abdullah Assiri, Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq, Rafat F. Alhakeem, Hossam Madani, Fahad A. AlRabiah, Sami Al Hajjar, Wafa N. Al-Nassir, Ali Albarrak, Hesham Flemban, Hanan H. Balkhy, Sarah Alsubaie, Anne L. Palser, Astrid Gall, Rachael Bashford-Rogers, Andrew Rambaut, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Ziad Memish
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2013)
REAL-TIME THREE DIMENSIONAL TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN THE ASSESSMENT OF VENTRICULO-ATRIAL SHUNT (GERBODE DEFECT) COMPLICATING SIMULTANEOUS MITRAL AND TRICUSPID VALVE REPAIR
Authors: Mohammed A.R. Chamsi-Pasha, Samer Sayyed, Michael Moulton
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Meta-Analysis of Quality of Life in Cancer Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Brian D Gonzalez, Sarah L Eisel, Kristina E Bowles, Aasha I Hoogland, Brian W James, Brent J Small, Susan Sharpe, Kelly A Hyland, Hailey W Bulls, Shannon M Christy, Jori Mansfield, Ashley M Nelson, Raviteja Alla, Kelly Maharaj, Brittany Kennedy, Elizabeth Lafranchise, Noelle L Williams, Sarah Jennewein, Laura B Oswald, Michael A Postow, Adam P Dicker, Heather S L Jim
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2021)

Trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have published patient-reported quality of life (QOL), but the size and heterogeneity of this literature can make patient education difficult. This meta-analysis aimed to describe change in QOL and symptomatology in patients receiving ICIs for cancer.Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, databases were searched through November 2019 for articles or abstracts of prospective, original studies reporting longitudinal QOL in adult cancer patients treated with ICIs. The prespecified primary outcomes were change in global QOL among patients treated with ICIs and difference in change since baseline in global QOL between patients treated with ICI vs non-ICI active treatment. Secondary outcomes included physical functioning and symptomatology. All statistical tests were 2-sided.Of 20 323 publications, 26 met inclusion criteria. Global QOL did not change over time in patients treated with ICIs (k = 26, n = 6974; P = .19). Larger improvements in global QOL was observed in patients receiving ICI vs non-ICI regimens (k = 16, ICI: n = 3588; non-ICI: n = 2948; P < .001). Physical functioning did not change in patients treated with ICIs (k = 14, n = 3169; P = .47); there were no differences in mean change between ICI vs non-ICI regimens (k = 11, n = 4630; P = .94). Regarding symptoms, appetite loss, insomnia, and pain severity decreased, but dyspnea severity increased in patients treated with ICIs (k = 14, n = 3243-3499; P < .001). Insomnia severity was higher in patients treated with ICIs than non-ICI regimens (k = 11, n = 4791; P < .001).This study is among the first to quantitatively summarize QOL in patients treated with ICIs. Findings suggest ICI recipients report no change in global QOL and higher QOL than patients treated with non-ICI regimens.
Corrigendum to “Light-responsive nanoparticle depot to control release of a small molecule angiogenesis inhibitor in the posterior segment of the eye” [J. Control. Release 200 (2015) 71–77]
Authors: Viet Anh Nguyen Huu, Jing Luo, Jie Zhu, Jing Zhu, Sherrina Patel, Alexander Boone, Enas Mahmoud, Cathryn McFearin, Jason Olejniczak, Caroline de Gracia Lux, Jacques Lux, Nadezda Fomina, Michelle Huynh, Kang Zhang, Adah Almutairi
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)
Plasma IP-10 and MCP-3 levels are highly associated with disease severity and predict the progression of COVID-19
Authors: Yang Yang, Chenguang Shen, Jinxiu Li, Jing Yuan, Jinli Wei, Fengmin Huang, Fuxiang Wang, Guobao Li, Yanjie Li, Li Xing, Ling Peng, Minghui Yang, Mengli Cao, Haixia Zheng, Weibo Wu, Rongrong Zou, Delin Li, Zhixiang Xu, Haiyan Wang, Mingxia Zhang, Zheng Zhang, George F. Gao, Chengyu Jiang, Lei Liu, Yingxia Liu
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
Treatment of Diarrhea
Authors: David R. Nalin
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report on antidiarrheal agents by Portnoy et al (236: 844, 1976) confirms a previous report on the lack of efficacy of kaolin in the treatment of cholera.<sup>1</sup>If there is any rational role for kaolin, it is perhaps as a placebo alternative to be given for mild, self-limited diarrheas in place of antibiotics. For most such diarrheal episodes, antibiotics are of little value, and their indiscriminate use may foster the emergence of resistant strains of pathogens. In cases of more severe diarrhea in which antibiotic therapy is needed for a specific pathogen, it is important to avoid simultaneous therapy with antidiarrheal remedies that may adsorb the antibiotic, thus prolonging the diarrhea. One such agent is activated charcoal.<sup>2</sup>While kaolin did not appear to prolong cholera diarrhea when tetracycline was given concomitantly, it has not been tested clinically in conjunction with other antibiotics. It is possible
TCT-678 Incidence, Predictors and Clinical Outcomes of Coronary Obstruction Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation for Degenerative Bioprosthetic Surgical Valves: Insights from the VIVID Registry
Authors: Henrique Ribeiro, Josep Rodés-Cabau, Jong Kwan Park, Philipp Blanke, Jonathon Leipsic, Vinayak Bapat, Raj Makkar, Matheus Simonato dos Santos, Marco Barbanti, Joachim Schofer, Sabine Bleiziffer, Azeem Latib, David Hildick-Smith, Patrizia Presbitero, Stephan Windecker, Massimo Napodano, Alfredo Cerillo, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Didier Tchetche, Claudia Fiorina, Mauricio Cohen, Mayra Guerrero, Brian Whisenant, Fabian Nietlispach, Luis Nombela Franco, Fabio Brito, Pedro Lemos, John Webb, Danny Dvir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract IA07: The plasticity of the intestinal microbiota in colorectal cancer
Authors: Ye Yang, Raad Gharaibeh, Christian Jobin
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Gene-environment interaction plays a key role in disease susceptibility, including colorectal cancer. Microbiota, particularly the intestinal bacteriome, plays a central role in host physiology, and the composition and activity of this consortium of microorganisms is directly influenced by known cancer risk factors such as lifestyle, diet, and inflammation. Accumulating evidence points to a role of microbiota in carcinogenesis. The mechanism by which microbiota impacts on cancer development is still unclear, but alteration in genomic stability (genetics and epigenetics) is considered a converging point. Inflammation represents a powerful condition by which microbial composition and biologic activities are altered. Using gnotobiotic technology, microbial genetic manipulation, genetically engineered mice (Apcmin/+; Il10-/-), and microbial genomics, we investigated the role of specific bacterial or consortium of bacteria in the development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer. In this lecture, I will provide evidence that specific microbial genotoxic activities originating from various strains such as Escherichia coli and Campylobacter jejuni promote development of CRC. For example, the presence of DNA-damaging toxins such as colibactin from adherent invasive Escherichia coli or cytolethal distending toxins (cdt) from Campylobacter jejuni is critical for development of colorectal cancer. I will address the relationship between inflammation and bacteria-induced carcinogenesis by studying the effect of neutralizing TNFa antibody, a biologic used to manage intestinal bowel disease, on microbial community activity. These studies represent the first step toward understanding mechanisms by which microbiota influences development of colorectal cancer, and shed light on how alteration of environmental factors modulates microbial carcinogenic potential. Citation Format: Ye Yang, Raad Gharaibeh, Christian Jobin. The plasticity of the intestinal microbiota in colorectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Microbiome, Viruses, and Cancer; 2020 Feb 21-24; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(8 Suppl):Abstract nr IA07.
David Oliver: Is abuse towards doctors in government roles unfair?
Authors: David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The coronavirus pandemic has brought unaccustomed attention to doctors working in government departments and arm’s length authorities. On social media there’s been plenty of praise—but also some accusatory abuse.

The chief medical officer, currently Chris Whitty, has always been a public figure (the previous incumbent, Sally Davies, was fairly visible). But the past few weeks have also seen regular public appearances by the chief scientific adviser, Patrick Vallance; their deputies, Jenny Harries and Jonathan Van-Tam; Yvonne Doyle, medical director of Public Health England; Stephen Powis, NHS England medical director; and the chief nursing officer, Ruth May.

They’ve attracted criticism for occasional slips, such as Vallance mentioning “herd immunity” as a pandemic strategy.1 They’ve said things at odds with public and professional perception, such as Harries saying that the UK “has been an international exemplar in preparedness.”2 And they’ve given some perceptions of inconsistency (changing Public Health England’s advice on personal protective equipment,3 sometimes at odds with the World Health Organization) and back …
Regulating T-cell differentiation through the polyamine spermidine
Authors: Guilhermina M. Carriche, Luís Almeida, Philipp Stüve, Lis Velasquez, Ayesha Dhillon-LaBrooy, Urmi Roy, Marc Lindenberg, Till Strowig, Carlos Plaza-Sirvent, Ingo Schmitz, Matthias Lochner, Anna Katharina Simon, Tim Sparwasser
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)

The cross-talk between the host and its microbiota plays a key role in the promotion of health. The production of metabolites such as polyamines by intestinal-resident bacteria is part of this symbiosis shaping host immunity. The polyamines putrescine, spermine, and spermidine are abundant within the gastrointestinal tract and might substantially contribute to gut immunity.We aimed to characterize the polyamine spermidine as a modulator of T-cell differentiation and function.Naive T cells were isolated from wild-type mice or cord blood from healthy donors and submitted to polarizing cytokines, with and without spermidine treatment, to evaluate CD4+ T-cell differentiation in vitro. Moreover, mice were subjected to oral supplementation of spermidine, or its precursor l-arginine, to assess the frequency and total numbers of regulatory T (Treg) cells in vivo.Spermidine modulates CD4+ T-cell differentiation in vitro, preferentially committing naive T cells to a regulatory phenotype. After spermidine treatment, activated T cells lacking the autophagy gene Atg5 fail to upregulate Foxp3 to the same extent as wild-type cells. These results indicate that spermidine's polarizing effect requires an intact autophagic machinery. Furthermore, dietary supplementation with spermidine promotes homeostatic differentiation of Treg cells within the gut and reduces pathology in a model of T-cell transfer-induced colitis.Altogether, our results highlight the beneficial effects of spermidine, or l-arginine, on gut immunity by promoting Treg cell development.
Glucagon and the a Cell
Authors: Roger H. Unger, Lelio Orci
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Signals to Islet CellsExternal SignalsThe islets achieve their physiologic goals through appropriately timed and quantitated responses to signals that inform them about events taking place else-where in or near the body. These signals reach the islet cells by way of the circulation (nutrients and hormones) and the autonomic nervous system (norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and probably certain neuro-peptides).60 In steady and relatively unstressed states (basal and near-basal states and even famine) it seems likely that the glucose level or unidentified controls or both maintain the required levels of insulin and glucagon. By contrast, whenever the steady state is acutely perturbed, . . .