tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Proneural factors Ascl1 and Neurog2 contribute to neuronal subtype identities by establishing distinct chromatin landscapes
Authors: Begüm Aydin, Akshay Kakumanu, Mary Rossillo, Mireia Moreno-Estellés, Görkem Garipler, Niels Ringstad, Nuria Flames, Shaun Mahony, Esteban O. Mazzoni
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2019)
Insights Into Breast Cancer in the East vs the West
Authors: Yoon-Sim Yap, Yen-Shen Lu, Kenji Tamura, Jeong Eon Lee, Eun Young Ko, Yeon Hee Park, A-Yong Cao, Ching-Hung Lin, Masakazu Toi, Jiong Wu, Soo-Chin Lee
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

During the past few decades, the incidence of breast cancer (BC) has been increasing rapidly in East Asia, and BC is currently the most common cancer in several countries. The rising incidence is likely related to changing lifestyle and environmental factors in addition to the increase in early diagnosis with BC awareness and screening. The understanding and management of BC are generally based on research and data from the West. However, emerging differences in BC epidemiology and tumor and host biology in Asian populations may be clinically relevant.A higher proportion of premenopausal BCs occur in Asia, although this factor is possibly an age-cohort effect. Although the relative frequencies of different immunohistochemical subtypes of BC may be similar between the East and West, the higher prevalence of luminal B subtypes with more frequent mutations in TP53 may be confounded by disparities in early detection. In addition, Asian BCs appear to harbor a more immune-active microenvironment than BCs in the West. The spectra of germline mutations in BC predisposition genes and single-nucleotide polymorphisms contributing to BC risk vary with ethnicity as well. Differences in tolerability of certain cytotoxic and targeted agents used in BC treatment may be associated with pharmacogenomic factors, whereas the lower body mass of the average woman in East Asia may contribute to higher toxicities from drugs administered at fixed doses. Phenotypic characteristics, such as lower breast volume, may influence the type of surgery performed in East Asian women. On the other hand, increased breast density may affect the sensitivity of mammography in detecting BCs, limiting the benefits of screening mammography.Breast cancer has become a major health problem in Asia. The inclusion of more women from Asia in clinical trials and epidemiologic and translational studies may help unravel the interethnic heterogeneity of BCs and elucidate the complex interplay between environmental and intrinsic factors in its pathogenesis. These insights may help to refine prevention, diagnosis, and management strategies for BC in the setting of ethnic diversity.
Comparison of breast cancer outcomes in a private hospital with national outcomes in a country with a mixed public/private healthcare model
Authors: M. Killian, P. Walsh, D.O. Connor, K. Murphy, B. Bird, C. Murphy
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Ireland has a mixed model of healthcare delivery with a public healthcare system funded by general taxation and a large private healthcare insurance system, covering 43% of the population in 2012 and 2016. We set out to examine disparities in outcomes among patients with breast cancer treated in a private hospital compared to national outcomes over a comparable period. Methods: Medical records of patients diagnosed with early (Stage 1-3 as per AJCC version 5) breast cancer between 2010 and 2015 at Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Ireland were reviewed. Staging was confirmed and 5-year disease specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated. DSS was compared to 5-year net survival (NS) figures from the National Cancer Registry of Ireland (NCRI) for a comparable period (2010-2014). Results: DSS (Bon Secours) and NS (NCRI) are summarized in Table. 5 year survival figures are numerically higher in the private hospital compared with national data for each individual stage. Taking stages 1 to 3 combined, the 95% confidence intervals do not cross each other, indicating statistical significance.Table210PStageBon Secours (DSS)NCRI (NS)DSS95% CINS95% CI110096.5-1009897.2-98.9295.290.6-97.190.989.9-91.8389.570.5-96.571.569.2-73.91-3 combined9793.9-97.890.490.0-91.4 Open table in a new tab Conclusions: We found evidence of superior outcomes in patients with early breast cancer treated at a private hospital compared with national outcome figures. This was demonstrated in 'all comers' (stages 1-3 combined), and particularly in patients with stage 3 breast cancer. Potential reasons for this disparity include differences in socioeconomic status, health-seeking behaviours and/or underlying health status between the two populations included. Differences in extent or timeliness of access to therapies may also contribute. Legal entity responsible for the study: Bon Secours Hospital Cork. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Abstract P112: Genes in Genome-wide Association Study-identified Loci and Risk of Atherosclerosis in Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Changwei Li, Shengxu Li, James E Hixon
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified multiple genomic loci associated with atherosclerotic diseases. However, specific genes underlying the observed associations are largely unknown. Objectives: We aimed to examine the associations between genes that harbor variants in high LD with index variants in GWAS-identified loci and pathologically determined atherosclerosis in major arteries from the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) study. Methods and Results: Data for 1,938 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 28 genes were retrieved from whole exome sequence data. Atherosclerosis was confirmed by postmortem examination of major arteries from 1,005 young persons (aged 15-34 years) who died from non-cardiovascular causes. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between common SNPs and atherosclerosis controlling for age and sex. Gene-based analysis was conducted using Sequence Kernel Association Test (SKAT) method to test the combined effect of rare and common variants on atherosclerosis controlling for age and gender. All analyses were performed separately in blacks and whites. Statistical significance was determined by false positive discovery rate (FDR) method. In gene-based analyses, BUD13 ( P =1.11х10 -2 ) and COL4A1 ( P =3.58х10 -2 ) were associated with atherosclerosis among young blacks; none of the 28 genes was associated with atherosclerosis in whites. In single marker analysis of common SNPs, LRP1 missense variant rs7397167 ( P =8.50х10 -3 ), COL4A1 variant rs16975492 ( P =4.60х10 -3 ), STK32B variant rs168985 ( P =4.00х10 -3 ), and SMARCA4 variant rs8104480 ( P =1.20х10 -3 ) were associated with atherosclerosis in blacks; MIA3 variant rs17465637 ( P =8.00х10 -3 ), DUS4L missense variant rs6957510 ( P =6.4х10 -3 ), BOLL variant rs771018 ( P =6.2х10 -3 ), BUD3 missense variant rs11820589 ( P =2.1х10 -3 ), and COL4A1 variant rs1133219 ( P =1.8х10 -3 ) were associated with atherosclerosis in whites. Conclusion: Genes in GWAS-identified loci may play a role in the development of atherosclerosis at a young age.
La prise en charge endoscopique des varices gastriques hémorragiques: l'efficacite de l'obturation par la colle butyl 2 cyanoacrylate au sein d'une population de patients tunisiens
Authors: S Bizid, A Ouni, H Ben Abdallah, MR Bouali, N Abdelli
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

L'hémorragie digestive par rupture de varices gastriques alourdit la morbidité et la mortalité chez les patients qui présentent une hypertension portale. La sclérothérapie ou l'obturation des varices gastriques à la colle est actuellement le traitement de choix des hémorragies digestives actives par rupture de varices gastriques et en prophylaxie secondaire. Les résultats à long terme de cette technique sont encore controversés.
Epigenetic Control of Mitochondrial Fission Enables Self-Renewal of Stem-like Tumor Cells in Human Prostate Cancer
Authors: Gianluca Civenni, Roberto Bosotti, Andrea Timpanaro, Ramiro Vàzquez, Jessica Merulla, Shusil Pandit, Simona Rossi, Domenico Albino, Sara Allegrini, Abhishek Mitra, Sarah N. Mapelli, Luca Vierling, Martina Giurdanella, Martina Marchetti, Alyssa Paganoni, Andrea Rinaldi, Marco Losa, Enrica Mira-Catò, Rocco D'Antuono, Diego Morone, Keyvan Rezai, Gioacchino D'Ambrosio, L’Houcine Ouafik, Sarah Mackenzie, Maria E. Riveiro, Esteban Cvitkovic, Giuseppina M. Carbone, Carlo V. Catapano
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2019)
Understanding the Role of Hyperdiploidy in Burkitt Lymphoma of Childhood: Biological and Clinical Correlates
Authors: Georgia Avgerinou, Stefanos Papadhimitriou, Kalliopi Stefanaki, Antonis Kattamis, Katerina Katsibardi, Vassilios Kostopoulos, Dimitrios Pavlidis, Sophia Polychronopoulou
Journal: Blood (2018)
Type 1 Interferon Regulates Inflammation Associated RBC Alloimmunization By Promoting Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cell Erythrophagocytosis in Mice
Authors: David R Gibb, Prabitha Natarajan, Jingchun Liu, Manjula Santhanakrishnan, Akiko Iwasaki, Jeanne E Hendrickson
Journal: Blood (2016)
Circulating exosomes derived from transplanted progenitor cells aid the functional recovery of ischemic myocardium
Authors: Progyaparamita Saha, Sudhish Sharma, Laxminarayana Korutla, Srinivasa Raju Datla, Farnaz Shoja-Taheri, Rachana Mishra, Grace E. Bigham, Malini Sarkar, David Morales, Gregory Bittle, Muthukumar Gunasekaran, Chetan Ambastha, Mir Yasir Arfat, Deqiang Li, Andreas Habertheuer, Robert Hu, Manu O. Platt, Peixin Yang, Michael E. Davis, Prashanth Vallabhajosyula, Sunjay Kaushal
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2019)

Liquid biopsy of circulating exosomes can be used to monitor recovery of ischemic myocardium after transplanting cardiac progenitor cells.
Fat burning supplements: doctors warned to look out for toxicity after six deaths
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2019)

The UK has seen a sharp rise in cases of toxicity from 2,4 dinitrophenol (DNP)—an industrial chemical often marketed as a fat burning or weight loss supplement—with 20 recorded cases and six related deaths in 2018, the UK National Poisons Information Service (NPIS) has said.1

Although DNP is labelled “unfit for human consumption,” it is still available and sold to people attempting to change their …
Abstract 19983: Major Differences in Advanced Life Support Training Strategies Among Danish Hospitals - A Nationwide Study
Authors: Kasper G Lauridsen, Troels Mygind-Klausen, Mathilde Stærk, Bo Løfgren
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Advanced life support (ALS) training may increase survival from in-hospital cardiac arrest. Efficient ALS training includes practice of both technical and non-technical skills in a re...
Abstract 18392: Placental Abruption and Incident Cardiovascular Disease: A Population-Based Study of 1.6 Million Women in California
Authors: Michael J Healy, Gregory Nah, Nisha I Parikh
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Placental ischemic syndromes including preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction are established predictors of increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in women. Placental abruptio...
Facteurs prédictifs d'échec de la dilatation pneumatique au cours de l'achalasie
Authors: M Ayari, S Ayadi, E Bel Hadj Mabrouk, Y Zaimi, K El Jeri, Y Said, L Mouelhi, R Debbeche
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

L'achalasie primaire est un trouble moteur rare caractérisée par un apéristaltisme du corps oesophagien et un défaut de relaxation du sphincter inférieur de l'oesophage (SIO). Bien que la myotomie per-orale endoscopique (POEM) soit une technique innovante, peu morbide et prometteuse, sa place reste à définir et le traitement de référence se base encore sur la dilatation pneumatique (DP) dans plusieurs pays. Le but de cette étude est d'évaluer les résultats de la dilatation endoscopique et de déterminer les facteurs prédictifs d'échec de ce traitement.
Hormone therapy increases breast cancer risk in transgender women, study finds
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Transgender women who take hormone therapy have a higher risk of breast cancer than the general male population but a lower risk than the general female population, a study has reported.

The paper, published in The BMJ ,1 also found that the time between exposure to hormone treatment and breast cancer diagnosis was relatively short in transgender women (median 18 years), suggesting a “rapid” development of breast …
Safety and feasibility of chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in relapsed/ refractory B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Tania Jain, Craig S. Sauter, Gunjan L. Shah, Molly A. Maloy, Jason Chan, Michael Scordo, Scott T. Avecilla, Yakup Batlevi, Parastoo B. Dahi, Connie W. Batlevi, M. Lia Palomba, Sergio A. Giralt, Miguel-Angel Perales
Journal: Leukemia (2019)
SINGLE-SCOPE TRANSGASTRIC ANTEGRADE CHOLANGIOSCOPY (STAC) AND INTRADUCTAL POLYPECTOMY VIA EUS-GUIDED HEPATICOGASTROSTOMY (HGS) WITH A LUMEN-APPOSING-METAL STENT (LAMS)
Authors: M de Benito, J Tejedor, AY Carbajo, S Bazaga, FJ García-Alonso, R Sánchez-Ocaña, C de la Serna, M Perez-Miranda
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

EUS-FNA failed to diagnose polypoid hilar cholangiocarcinoma and ERCP failed to drain the up- stream duct. EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (HGS) was performed with a lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS). Biliary drainage and access for single-scope transgastric antegrade cholangioscopy (STAC) was possible. Cholangiocarcinoma was diagnosed in the resected specimen of STAC-guided intraductal polypectomy.
GASTRIC POEM TO TREAT INCISURA ANGULARIS TORSION AFTER SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY
Authors: A Baptista, M Dávila, M Guzman
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Gastric torsion is and uncommom complication after sleeve gastrectomy leading to food intolerance and abdominal pain. The stablished treatment is surgical adhecens resolution. Achalasia baloon dilatation or stenting has been describedWe present acalinical case of a patient with gastric torsion after 6 months of sleeve gastrectomy unresponsive to endoscopic treatment.
Need for Randomized Trials to Support Procedural Interventions
Authors: Brian Dewar, Michel Shamy
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
KEEPING UP WITH THE TIMES: USE OF ADJUVANT TECHNOLOGY BY IRISH GASTROENTOLOGY TRAINEES
Authors: G Harkin, C Moran, N McGettigan, M Hussey, G Harewood, D Cheriyan, K Boland, A O'Toole, S Patchett
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Use of accessory devices and additional techniques in upper and lower endoscopy is always evolving. Incorporating this equipment into routine practice requires initiative often depending on the budget of the unit and the endoscopy department itself.
Balloon pulmonary angioplasty for the treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: is Europe behind?
Authors: Irene M. Lang, Hiromi Matsubara
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

In their French experience of balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), Brenot et al . [1] describe all consecutive patients with inoperable CTEPH who underwent BPA at the French Reference Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension at Université Paris-Sud, France. All cases were discussed in a weekly multidisciplinary meeting including experienced surgeons for pulmonary endarterectomy, interventional radiologists/cardiologists, radiologists experienced in pulmonary vascular imaging and physicians with expertise in pulmonary hypertension, as recommended in the most recent ESC/ERS pulmonary hypertension guidelines [2]. In that setting, 184 patients were deemed eligible for BPA and underwent a total of 1006 BPA sessions. The authors conclude that a refined BPA strategy improves symptoms, exercise capacity and haemodynamics in inoperable CTEPH patients. The French experience of balloon pulmonary angioplasty for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is discussed in the context of international BPA experience <http://bit.ly/2H6LamY>
CAROLI'S DISEASE (CD) CAUSED BY VERY RARE GENETIC MUTATION, MISDIAGNOSED WITH ERCP AND MRCP AS PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS (PSC)
Authors: D Muhovic, B Smolovic, A Hodzic, B Peterlin
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

CD is a rare congenital condition characterized by localized or diffused, multifocal, segmental dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Mutations in polycystic kidney and hepatic disease gene1 (PKHD1), located on chromosome 6, are responsible for CD, and many causative mutations are known. In some cases all clinical examinations are not sufficient to clearly diagnose CD, but genetic analysis may be helpful.
Walking is more effective than yoga at reducing sleep disturbance in cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Mei-Fen Tang, Hsiao-Yean Chiu, Xinyi Xu, Jojo Yan Kwok, Denise Shuk Ting Cheung, Chun-Yuan Chen, Chia-Chin Lin
Journal: Sleep Medicine Reviews (2019)
A systematic review of endocrine deprivation therapy administered in the neoadjuvant setting in double positive breast cancer
Authors: M.A. Smith, P. Doran, C.M. Kelly, J. McCaffrey, S. Vencken, D. Wallace
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Breast cancer is the most common tumour diagnosed in women worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer death. The use of trastuzumab or Herceptin®, a monoclonal antibody targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) together with chemotherapy has changed the natural history of breast cancers overexpressing HER2. There is mounting evidence that responses differ according to hormone receptor (HR) status. The behaviour of so called "double positive" tumours and how they respond to existing therapies are relevant clinical questions. Late recurrences and risk of death is characteristic of this subtype. HER2 is overexpressed in 25% of all breast cancers. In nearly 50% of these there is co-existence of oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone (PgR) expression. Neoadjuvant treatment combining chemotherapy and trastuzumab is standard of care. Pathological complete response (pCR) rates are consistently inferior in HER2 positive patients who are ER positive compared to those with ER negative disease. This review addresses the role for adding endocrine deprivation therapy (EDT) in the neoadjuvant setting. Methods: A computer-based literature search was conducted using the Cochrane library, PubMed and Embase. Results reported at international meetings and ClinicalTrials.gov were also included. Publications were restricted to studies investigating the addition of EDT in the neoadjuvant setting with pCR reported as an outcome of interest. Results: This systematic review included eight studies. pCR rates were reported on 1,232 women with HER2 positive breast cancer with or without co-existence of ER. The treatment paradigm was wide ranging across the studies with dual anti-Her2 therapy being adopted in favour of chemotherapy free regimens or chemotherapy combined with either single or dual anti-HER2 therapy. pCR rates ranged from 8% to 46.1% in this subtype when EDT was added. The addition of EDT to trastuzumab and chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting likely represents a worthwhile, safe and cost-effective approach. Conclusions: The evidence is compelling to warrant further clinical trials to better identify distinctive subtypes and optimise targeted therapy for HER2 and HR positive breast cancer. Legal entity responsible for the study: Martina A Smith. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Respiratory syncytial virus nonstructural protein 1 downregulates glucocorticoid receptor expression through miR-29a
Authors: Leiqiong Gao, Shi Mo, Jun Xie, Sisi Chen, Xiang Wen, Xiaoru Long, Luo Ren, Na Zang, Xiaohong Xie, Yu Deng, Jian Luo, Zhengxiu Luo, Zhou Fu, Rosalind L. Smyth, Enmei Liu
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
BALLOON SPHINCTEROPLASTY IS A SAFE AND RELIABLE METHOD TO ACHIEVE BILIARY CLEARANCE IN AN AT RISK CHOEDOCHOLITHIASIS COHORT
Authors: M Syafiq Ismail, N O'Morain, B Ryan, D McNamara
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Endoscopic balloon sphincteroplasty (EBP) has been recommended by ESGE as an alternative to Endoscopic Sphincterotomy (ES) in patients with coagulopathy or alternated anatomy.
Mental health symptoms and disorders in Paralympic athletes: a narrative review
Authors: Leslie Swartz, Xanthe Hunt, Jason Bantjes, Brian Hainline, Claudia L Reardon
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2019)

Objectives This narrative review summarises the literature on the mental health of Paralympic athletes, explores possible reasons for the paucity of research in this area and suggests directions for future research. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and Cochrane databases was conducted using search terms related to disability, sport and mental health. Results The search yielded 665 publications. Of these, 129 were duplicates, resulting in 536 publications identified for initial screening. A total of 72 publications were to be relevant at initial screening. Only seven publications addressed Paralympic athletes specifically. Of these papers, three included measures of depression and three included measures of anxiety. In the studies that were not concerned with mental health symptoms or disorders, the focus of enquiry included identity and self, stress, and well-being. Conclusion Most of the studies reviewed are small in scale, and there are almost no comparative data on Paralympic versus Olympic athletes. There is a paucity of data on rates of mental health symptoms and disorders in this population and the factors that might contribute to poor mental health among elite athletes with disabilities. We propose that stereotypes about people with disabilities—and the disability rights movement’s rightful reaction to these stereotypes—have created barriers to mental health research among Paralympic athletes. There is a need for enquiry into the differential stressors experienced by Paralympic athletes, including trauma, transition out of sport, sport and personhood, and the potential for disability sport to promote psychological health.
Colorectal cancer: screening may need to change given rising incidence in under 50s
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Screening guidelines may need to be reviewed if the incidence of colorectal cancer continues to increase in adults aged under 50, researchers have warned.1 For now, however, research should focus on what’s causing the increase, they say, as the number of new cases among younger people is still low.

Their study, published in Gut , analysed data on age related colorectal cancer incidence and mortality between 1990 and 2016 from European national and regional cancer registries. It found that the incidence of colon cancer in 20-29 year olds rose by 2.7% a year …