tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Environmental Health Indicators for China: Data Resources for Chinese Environmental Public Health Tracking
Authors: Jie Ban, Zonghao Du, Qing Wang, Runmei Ma, Ying Zhou, Tiantian Li
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2019)

Summary Many developed countries use environmental public health tracking to gain a better understanding of the link between environmental hazards and public health. To respond to complicated environmental health issues, the National Institute of Environmental Health (NIEH), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), has begun to build a Chinese Environmental Public Health Tracking (CEPHT) system. On behalf of the CEPHT, authors provide insight into the CEPHT’s development, current status, and future plans. In the initial stage of CEPHT, an indicator framework linking environment and public health that included a list of publicly available data sources regarding environmental hazards, public health outcomes, and risk factors in China was developed. An analysis of data availability, along with a comparison between CEPHT’s indicator system and other tracking networks, revealed the existence of barriers and gaps in data integration that affect China’s ability to track environmental public health. The lack of access to data, combined with inadequate data quality, has led to difficulties linking environmental hazards to their effects on public health. Current CEPHT efforts will help integrate environmental factors and exposure data with public health outcomes. For the near future, CEPHT plans to focus on increasing collaboration among data tracking agencies, improving data quality, and expanding proper data sharing. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4319
Low Provider Knowledge Is Associated With Less Evidence-Based Lung Cancer Screening
Authors: Jennifer A. Lewis, Heidi Chen, Kathryn E. Weaver, Lucy B. Spalluto, Kim L. Sandler, Leora Horn, Robert S. Dittus, Pierre P. Massion, Christianne L. Roumie, Hilary A. Tindle
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

Background: Despite widespread recommendation and supportive policies, screening with low-dose CT (LDCT) is incompletely implemented in the US healthcare system. Low provider knowledge of the lung cancer screening (LCS) guidelines represents a potential barrier to implementation. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that low provider knowledge of guidelines is associated with less provider-reported screening with LDCT. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed in a large academic medical center and affiliated Veterans Health Administration in the Mid-South United States that comprises hospital and community-based practices. Participants included general medicine providers and specialists who treat patients aged &gt;50 years. The primary exposure was LCS guideline knowledge (US Preventive Services Task Force/Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services). High knowledge was defined as identifying 3 major screening eligibility criteria (55 years as initial age of screening eligibility, smoking status as current or former smoker, and smoking history of ≥30 pack-years), and low knowledge was defined as not identifying these 3 criteria. The primary outcome was self-reported LDCT order/referral within the past year, and the secondary outcome was screening chest radiograph. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of screening by knowledge. Results: Of 625 providers recruited, 407 (65%) responded, and 378 (60.5%) were analyzed. Overall, 233 providers (62%) demonstrated low LCS knowledge, and 224 (59%) reported ordering/referring for LDCT. The aOR of ordering/referring LDCT was less among providers with low knowledge (0.41; 95% CI, 0.24–0.71) than among those with high knowledge. More providers with low knowledge reported ordering screening chest radiographs (aOR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.4–5.0) within the past year. Conclusions: Referring provider knowledge of LCS guidelines is low and directly proportional to the ordering rate for LDCT in an at-risk US population. Strategies to advance evidence-based LCS should incorporate provider education and system-level interventions to address gaps in provider knowledge.
THU-451-Characterization of cholangiocarcinoma primary, circulating and metastatic stem-like cells
Authors: Margherita Correnti, Marco Erreni, Roberta Avigni, Marina Sironi, Jesus María Banales, Giuliana Cavalloni, Matteo Donadon, Guido Torzilli, Fabio Marra, Chiara Raggi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
THU-155-Polymeric, metallic nanoparticles, and curcumin as inhibitors of hepatitis C virus genotype 4a replication in vitro
Authors: samah loutfy, Hanaa Alam Eldin, Mostafa Hamed Elberry, Khaled Farroh, El-Chaimaa B. Mohamed, Ahmed Hassan Ibrahim Faraag, Reham Dawood, Mostafa EL Awady
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Filamentous bacteriophages are associated with chronic <i>Pseudomonas</i> lung infections and antibiotic resistance in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Elizabeth B. Burgener, Johanna M. Sweere, Michelle S. Bach, Patrick R. Secor, Naomi Haddock, Laura K. Jennings, Rasmus L. Marvig, Helle Krogh Johansen, Elio Rossi, Xiou Cao, Lu Tian, Laurence Nedelec, Søren Molin, Paul L. Bollyky, Carlos E. Milla
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2019)

Pseudomonas strains that produce filamentous bacteriophage are associated with chronic infection and increased antibiotic resistance in patients with cystic fibrosis.
Should We Divide Crohn’s Disease Into Ileum-Dominant and Isolated Colonic Diseases?
Authors: Parambir S. Dulai, Siddharth Singh, Niels Vande Casteele, Brigid S. Boland, Jesus Rivera-Nieves, Peter B. Ernst, Lars Eckmann, Kim E. Barrett, John T. Chang, William J. Sandborn
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2019)
PS-103-BTLA expression contributes to HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure morbidity and mortality by inducing CD4+ T-cell exhaustion
Authors: Xueping Yu, Feifei Yang, Richeng Mao, Haoxiang Zhu, Qirong Jiang, Jingwen Wu, Zhu Beidi, Zhijun Su, Jiming Zhang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
On-site fabrication of Bi-layered adhesive mesenchymal stromal cell-dressings for the treatment of heart failure
Authors: Kazuya Kobayashi, Yuki Ichihara, Nobuhiko Sato, Nobuyoshi Umeda, Laura Fields, Masafumi Fukumitsu, Yoshiyuki Tago, Tomoya Ito, Satoshi Kainuma, Mihai Podaru, Fiona Lewis-McDougall, Kenichi Yamahara, Rakesh Uppal, Ken Suzuki
Journal: Biomaterials (2019)

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of heart failure. However, current MSC-delivery methods result in poor donor cell engraftment, limiting the therapeutic efficacy. To address this issue, we introduce here a novel technique, epicardial placement of bi-layered, adhesive dressings incorporating MSCs (MSC-dressing), which can be easily fabricated from a fibrin sealant film and MSC suspension at the site of treatment. The inner layer of the MSC dressing, an MSC-fibrin complex, promptly and firmly adheres to the heart surface without sutures or extra glues. We revealed that fibrin improves the potential of integrated MSCs through amplifying their tissue-repair abilities and activating the Akt/PI3K self-protection pathway. Outer collagen-sheets protect the MSC-fibrin complex from abrasion by surrounding tissues and also facilitates easy handling. As such, the MSC-dressing technique not only improves initial retention and subsequent maintenance of donor MSCs but also augment MSC's reparative functions. As a result, this technique results in enhanced cardiac function recovery with improved myocardial tissue repair in a rat ischemic cardiomyopathy model, compared to the current method. Dose-dependent therapeutic effects by this therapy is also exhibited. This user-friendly, highly-effective bioengineering technique will contribute to future success of MSC-based therapy.
Pilot examination of functional Near-Infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to quantify chemobrain.
Authors: Pascal Jean-Pierre, Hanli Liu, Neeru Bose, Peter K. Tothy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20680 Background: Attention and reactive inhibition are key components of cognition that can be impacted by cancer and its treatments. Cancer patients ( > 80%) generally experienced cognitive impairments (e.g., difficulties in attention/memory) that can deleteriously impact their quality of life. Brain imaging using fNIRS have been used to measure cognitive dysfunction in non-cancer populations and may be helpful with cancer patients. Methods: We appliedGeneral Linear Model, usingNIRS-SPM8, on 567 to 1098 temporal data points from two 56 year-old right-handed (RH) breast cancer patients (RBANS < 50%ile) and a 48 year-old RH healthy control (HC) female (RBANS = 58%ile) to determine t-maps of task-stimuli-related (Go/NoGo; Stroop) hemodynamic changes in dorsolateral-prefrontal (DLPFC) and frontopolar (FPC) cortices using 16 fNIRS channels. We used HomER for channel-wise waveform analysis (CWA). Participants also completed the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS). Results: CWA showed maximum oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) concentration changes in left/right inferior-FPC that increased with task difficulty (0.8-1.6 µM/mm, MSE: 0.30). Overall, the data showed significant cognitive task-related (i.e., Go/NoGo; Stroop-Congruent/Incongruent) bilateral HbO changes in FPC. Cancer patients’ data showed unbalanced increases in activation on the left vs. right side, and increases in time-to-signal-peak in left inferior lateral FPC (LIL-FPC), whereas HC data showed no significant activation during Go/NoGo tasks, and significant activation during Stroop tasks in LIL FPC. One cancer patient who showed clinically significant anxiety (HADS = 12) had stronger HbO activation during Go/NoGo and Stroop tasks in LIL-FPC region. Conclusions: The observed pattern of decreased right FPC activation or increased left FPC activation may be indicative of cognitive difficulties. These outcomes confirmed findings of previous fNIRS studies in non-cancer populations, and support the use of fNIRS to quantify cognitive dysfunction in cancer patients.
FRI-424-Estrogen-containing oral contraceptives are associated with polycystic liver disease severity in pre-menopausal patients
Authors: Lucas H.P. Bernts, René van Aerts, Tom Gevers, Wietske Kievit, Lisanne Koopmans, Bertho Nieboer, Frederik Nevens, Joost Ph Drenth
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Annals Story Slam - Telling the Untold Story
Authors: Judith M. Brenner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

Web Exclusives7 May 2019Annals Story Slam - Telling the Untold StoryFREEJudith M. Brenner, MDJudith M. Brenner, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/W19-0001 SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Video. Annals Story Slam - Telling the Untold Story "Telling the Untold Story," by Dr. Judith Brenner (Duration 6:29)Building on the popular Annals feature “On Being a Doctor,” storytellers share stories about the experience of doctoring on video.For more videos from and information on Annals Story Slam, visit go.annals.org/StorySlam. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: This article was published at Annals.org on 12 April 2019. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 7 May 2019Volume 170, Issue 9Page: SS1 ePublished: 12 April 2019 Issue Published: 7 May 2019 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2019 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Elevated Serum Uric Acid Is Associated With Greater Risk for Hypertension and Diabetic Kidney Diseases in Obese Adolescents With Type 2 Diabetes: An Observational Analysis From the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) Study
Authors: Petter Bjornstad, Lori Laffel, Jane Lynch, Laure El ghormli, Ruth S. Weinstock, Sherida E. Tollefsen, Kristen J. Nadeau
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

OBJECTIVE Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for kidney disease in adults with diabetes, but data in youth are limited. We hypothesized that elevated SUA predicts development of elevated urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and hypertension over time in teens with type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Serum creatinine, cystatin C, SUA, and the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) were assessed in 539 obese youth, ages 12–17 years, with T2D duration &amp;lt;2 years at baseline in the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using creatinine and cystatin C. Hypertension was defined as systolic or diastolic blood pressure ≥130/80 mmHg and elevated UAE as UACR ≥30 mg/g. Cox proportional hazards models evaluated the relationship between SUA and outcome variables longitudinally over an average follow-up of 5.7 years, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, HbA1c, eGFR, ACE inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker use, and TODAY treatment group assignment. RESULTS At baseline, hyperuricemia (≥6.8 mg/dL) was present in 25.6% of participants, hypertension in 18.7%, and elevated UAE in 6.1%. During follow-up of up to 7 years, hypertension developed in 37.4% and UAE in 18.0%. Higher baseline SUA increased the risk of incident hypertension (hazard ratio [HR] 1.19, 95% CI 1.03–1.38, per 1 mg/dL increase in SUA) and elevated UAE (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.03–1.48) in adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS Hyperuricemia was common in youth with T2D. Higher baseline SUA independently increased the risk for onset of hypertension and elevated UAE. Research is needed to determine whether SUA-lowering therapies can impede development of diabetic kidney disease and hypertension in T2D youth.
The interplay of circulating tumor DNA and chromatin modification, therapeutic resistance, and metastasis
Authors: Lei Zhang, Yiyi Liang, Shifu Li, Fanyuan Zeng, Yongan Meng, Ziwei Chen, Shuang Liu, Yongguang Tao, Fenglei Yu
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2019)

Peripheral circulating free DNA (cfDNA) is DNA that is detected in plasma or serum fluid with a cell-free status. For cancer patients, cfDNA not only originates from apoptotic cells but also from necrotic tumor cells and disseminated tumor cells that have escaped into the blood during epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Additionally, cfDNA derived from tumors, also known as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), carries tumor-associated genetic and epigenetic changes in cancer patients, which makes ctDNA a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of tumors, monitory and therapeutic evaluations, and prognostic assessments, among others, for various kinds of cancer. Moreover, analyses of cfDNA chromatin modifications can reflect the heterogeneity of tumors and have potential for predicting tumor drug resistance.
FRI-499-Efficacy and hepatic safety of nivolumab treatment in patients with Child-Pugh B disease and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in CheckMate 040
Authors: Bruno Sangro, Ana M Matilla, Armando Santoro, Ignacio Melero, Antonio Cubillo Gracian, Mirelis Rivera Acosta, Su-Pin Choo, Anthony El-Khoureiry, Ryoko Kuromatsu, Bassel El-Rayes, Kazushi Numata, Yoshito Itoh, Francesco Di Costanzo, Oxana Crysler, María Reig, Yun Shen, Jaclyn Neely, Christine Dela Cruz, Carlos Baccan, Masatoshi Kudo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Abstract 12: Wind Patterns are not Associated with Kawasaki Disease in Canada
Authors: Cedric Manlhiot, Sunita O’Shea, Bailey Bernknopf, Nita Chahal, Brian W McCrindle
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Previous wind pattern studies have suggested that the etiologic and/or triggering agent for Kawasaki disease (KD) originates from Central Asia and that westward tropospheric winds are associated with the incidence pattern in Japan. This hypothesis has not been formally tested elsewhere. Should it be correct, it follows that incidence patterns should be similarly associated with North/North-West winds in Canada. Methods: We queried the Canadian hospital discharge database (Canadian Institute for Health Information) for hospital admissions associated with a discharge diagnosis of KD from 2004 through 2011; only acute admissions were included. Hourly weather data, including wind direction, was obtained from 9 weather stations across Canada situated closest to clusters of cases. The number of new KD admissions per day and per weather station was calculated. Wind direction was divided in 8 different quadrants covering 45° regions starting with 0°. A Poisson regression model for count data, adjusted for repeated measures (9 measures per day) was used to determine whether wind patterns were associated with incident cases. A number of separate models were tested using theoretical incubation periods of 0, 7, 14 or 21 days. Results: A total of 3363 KD cases were assigned to one of 26,283 time/space periods for which wind direction was available. Wind direction was not associated with incidence patterns in any of the 4 incubation models: incubation time 0 day (global wind pattern effect chi-square: 4.28, p=0.75). 7 days (chi-square: 5.08, p=0.65), 14 days (chi-square: 7.32, p=0.29) or 21 days (chi-square: 4.74, p=0.69). Focusing on North/North-West wind patterns also failed to show a significant association in all models: incubation time 0 day (+0.0021 (0.0151) cases/day, p=0.89), 7 days (-0.0071 (0.0142) cases/day, p=0.62), 14 days (+0.0009 (0.0148) cases/day, p=0.95) or 21 days (+0.0073 (0.0156) cases/day, p=0.64). Results were similar when stratifying Eastern vs. Western Canada and when each weather station was considered separately. Conclusions: Wind patterns were not found to be associated with incident KD cases in Canada. It is unclear if the reported association is specific to Japan or an ecologic fallacy.
THU-459-Non-parenchymal TREM2 halts hepatocarcinogenesis through the inhibition of liver inflammation and hepatocyte proliferation
Authors: Aitor Esparza-Baquer, Ibone Labiano, Omar Sharif, Fiona Oakley, Pedro Miguel Rodrigues, Elizabeth Hijona, Raul Jimenez-Aguero, Adelaida La Casta, Marco Youssef William Zaki, Colm O Rourke, Patricia Munoz-Garrido, Jesper Andersen, Sylvia Knapp, Derek A Mann, Luis Bujanda, Jesús María Banales, María Jesús Perugorria
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
The circular RNA circXPO1 promotes tumor growth in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Q. Huang, M. Qiu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNA), a subclass of noncoding RNA characterized by covalently closed continuous loops, play emerging roles in tumorigenesis and aggressiveness. Somatic copy number variations (CNV) may drive cancer progression through both coding and noncoding transcripts. In lung adenocarcinomas, tumor stage is positively correlated with the proportion of CNV. CNV-associated circRNAs in lung cancer have rarely been reported. Methods: To identify critical circRNAs that contribute to lung adenocarcinoma progression, ribosomal RNA-depleted RNA sequencing was performed in 5 paired lung adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues. Maltose-binding protein (MBP)-affinity purification and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) were used to identify RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that were associated with circXPO1. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models were performed to assess the clinical benefits of targeting circXPO1. Results: By integrating bioinformatics analyses of alerted circRNAs and focal CNV in lung adenocarcinoma, we identify a proto-oncogenic circular RNA (circXPO1), produced from the XPO1 gene at 2p15 amplicon. CircXPO1 was overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and promoted proliferation and tumorigenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. Our mechanistic studies indicated that circXPO1 functions, at least in part, through its interaction with IGF2BP1. CircXPO1 epigenetically upregulated β-Catenin expression in lung adenocarcinoma cancer cells by interacting with IGF2BP1 to promote the stabilization of β-Catenin. Intratumor injection of cholesterolconjugated siRNA specifically targeting circXPO1 inhibited tumor growth in a patient-derived lung adenocarcinoma xenograft model. Conclusions: In summary, our study identified a CNV-associated circular RNA, circXPO1, which is overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues, due to the amplification of 2q15 locus, promotes proliferation and tumorigenesis of lung adenocarcinoma via interacting with IGF2BP1 and subsequently promote the stabilization of β-Catenin. Meanwhile, understanding the precise role of circXPO1 provides a novel therapeutic strategy for lung adenocarcinoma in the sight of circular RNAs. Legal entity responsible for the study: Qi Huang, Mantang Qiu, Fan Yang, Jun Wang. Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Cardioprotective Effect of the Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response During Chronic Pressure Overload
Authors: Ioannis Smyrnias, Stephen P. Gray, Darlington O. Okonko, Greta Sawyer, Anna Zoccarato, Norman Catibog, Begoña López, Arantxa González, Susana Ravassa, Javier Díez, Ajay M. Shah
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)

The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is activated when misfolded proteins accumulate within mitochondria and leads to increased expression of mitochondrial chaperones and proteases to maintain protein quality and mitochondrial function. Cardiac mitochondria are essential for contractile function and regulation of cell viability, while mitochondrial dysfunction characterizes heart failure. The role of the UPRmt in the heart is unclear. The purpose of this study was to: 1) identify conditions that activate the UPRmt in the heart; and 2) study the relationship among the UPRmt, mitochondrial function, and cardiac contractile function. Cultured cardiac myocytes were subjected to different stresses in vitro. Mice were subjected to chronic pressure overload. Tissues and blood biomarkers were studied in patients with aortic stenosis. Diverse neurohumoral or mitochondrial stresses transiently induced the UPRmt in cultured cardiomyocytes. The UPRmt was also induced in the hearts of mice subjected to chronic hemodynamic overload. Boosting the UPRmt with nicotinamide riboside (which augments NAD+ pools) in cardiomyocytes in vitro or hearts in vivo significantly mitigated the reductions in mitochondrial oxygen consumption induced by these stresses. In mice subjected to pressure overload, nicotinamide riboside reduced cardiomyocyte death and contractile dysfunction. Myocardial tissue from patients with aortic stenosis also showed evidence of UPRmt activation, which correlated with reduced tissue cardiomyocyte death and fibrosis and lower plasma levels of biomarkers of cardiac damage (high-sensitivity troponin T) and dysfunction (N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide). These results identify the induction of the UPRmt in the mammalian (including human) heart exposed to pathological stresses. Enhancement of the UPRmt ameliorates mitochondrial and contractile dysfunction, suggesting that it may serve an important protective role in the stressed heart.
Comment on Sims et al. Proinsulin Secretion Is a Persistent Feature of Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2019;42:258–264
Authors: Devin W. Steenkamp, Jose M. Cacicedo, Catherine A. Sullivan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

Due to our shared interest in this topic, we were eager to read the recent article by Sims et al. (1). We agree with the authors that proinsulin (PI) secretion can occur in individuals with long-standing type 1 diabetes (T1D), even in the absence of measurable serum C-peptide (2). However, our work is discordant with the observations of the authors, and we think it is important to understand the differences.

We have previously reported (2) a 16% prevalence of PI secretion in the same T1D Exchange cohort, which is significantly less than the 89.9% reported by Sims et al. (1). In addition, we have similarly completed mixed-meal tolerance …