tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection of an adenomatous lesion with deep extension into the appendiceal orifice
Authors: Hugo Uchima, Juan Colan-Hernandez, Noemí Caballero, Ingrid Marín, Margalida Calafat, Daniel Luna, Vicente Moreno
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of lesions involving the appendiceal orifice is technically challenging because of poor endoscopic access due to the narrow lumen of the appendix. This brings a high risk of perforation because of the thin colonic wall at the base of the cecum.
Association of Topical Minoxidil With Autosomal Recessive Woolly Hair/Hypotrichosis Caused by <i>LIPH</i> Pathogenic Variants
Authors: Tomoki Taki, Kana Tanahashi, Takuya Takeichi, Takenori Yoshikawa, Yuya Murase, Kazumitsu Sugiura, Masashi Akiyama
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

This nonrandomized clinical trial evaluates the association of topical minoxidil with hypotrichosis in patients with autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis carrying LIPH pathogenic variants.
Response to Comment on So et al. Autoantibody Reversion: Changing Risk Categories in Multiple-Autoantibody–Positive Individuals. Diabetes Care 2020;43:913–917
Authors: Michelle So, Colin O’Rourke, Henry T. Bahnson, Carla J. Greenbaum, Cate Speake
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

We would like to thank Alhamar et al. (1) for their perspective on our article, which included questions regarding the utility of standard autoantibody measures in characterizing preclinical type 1 diabetes and recruitment of prevention trials. To summarize our findings, we reported that 96% of individuals with multiple autoantibodies sustain these autoantibodies over time (2). Further, we found that the 4% of individuals who did not sustain multiple-autoantibody status over time still retained a greater risk of progression to type 1 diabetes than those who never developed multiple autoantibodies. Indeed, decades of research in many population groups and different countries have repeatedly demonstrated that almost all individuals with multiple autoantibodies will eventually develop clinical disease. Additionally, among children at increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes, those who reverted from a single autoantibody retained an increased risk for …
Human dietary exposure to chemicals in sub-Saharan Africa: safety assessment through a total diet study
Authors: Luc Ingenbleek, Philippe Verger, Marie-Madeleine Gimou, Abimbola Adegboye, Samson B Adebayo, Sètondji Epiphane Hossou, Abdoulaye Zié Koné, Eric Jazet, Anaclet D Dzossa, Julius Ogungbangbe, Sylvestre Dansou, Zima J Diallo, Petru Jitaru, Thierry Guérin, Lionel Lopes-Pereira, Renwei Hu, Michael Sulyok, Rudolf Krska, Philippe Marchand, Bruno Le Bizec, Sara Eyangoh, Jean Kamanzi, Blaise Ouattara, Caroline Merten, Markus Lipp, Renata Clarke, Jean-Charles Leblanc
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2020)

BackgroundHuman dietary exposure to chemicals can result in a wide range of adverse health effects. Some substances might cause non-communicable diseases, including cancer and coronary heart diseases, and could be nephrotoxic. Food is the main human exposure route for many chemicals. We aimed to assess human dietary exposure to a wide range of food chemicals.MethodsWe did a total diet study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali, and Nigeria. We assessed 4020 representative samples of foods, prepared as consumed, which covered more than 90% of the diet of 7291 households from eight study centres. By combining representative dietary surveys of countries with findings for concentrations of 872 chemicals in foods, we characterised human dietary exposure.FindingsExposure to lead could result in increases in adult blood pressure up to 2·0 mm Hg, whereas children might lose 8·8–13·3 IQ points (95th percentile in Kano, Nigeria). Morbidity factors caused by coexposure to aflatoxin B1 and hepatitis B virus, and sterigmatocystin and fumonisins, suggest several thousands of additional liver cancer cases per year, and a substantial contribution to the burden of chronic malnutrition in childhood. Exposure to 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from consumption of smoked fish and edible oils exceeded levels associated with possible carcinogenicity and genotoxicity health concerns in all study centres. Exposure to aluminium, ochratoxin A, and citrinin indicated a public health concern about nephropathies. From 470 pesticides tested across the four countries, only high concentrations of chlorpyrifos in smoked fish (unauthorised practice identified in Mali) could pose a human health risk.InterpretationRisks characterised by this total diet study underscore specific priorities in terms of food safety management in sub-Saharan Africa. Similar investigations specifically targeting children are crucially needed.FundingStandards and Trade Development Facility.
Lack of association between chilblains outbreak and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: Histologic and serologic findings from a new immunoassay
Authors: Vivien Hébert, Anne-Bénédicte Duval-Modeste, Pascal Joly, Véronique Lemée, Lucie Cellier, Fabienne Jouen, Benoit Veber, Laurent Drouot, Olivier Boyer
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Myofibroblasts and Fibrosis
Authors: Andrew A. Gibb, Michael P. Lazaropoulos, John W. Elrod
Journal: Circulation Research (2020)

Cardiac fibrosis is mediated by the activation of resident cardiac fibroblasts, which differentiate into myofibroblasts in response to injury or stress. Although myofibroblast formation is a physiological response to acute injury, such as myocardial infarction, myofibroblast persistence, as occurs in heart failure, contributes to maladaptive remodeling and progressive functional decline. Although traditional pathways of activation, such as TGFβ (transforming growth factor β) and AngII (angiotensin II), have been well characterized, less understood are the alterations in mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism that are necessary to initiate and sustain myofibroblast formation and function. In this review, we highlight recent reports detailing the mitochondrial and metabolic mechanisms that contribute to myofibroblast differentiation, persistence, and function with the hope of identifying novel therapeutic targets to treat, and potentially reverse, tissue organ fibrosis.
Characterisation of the transcriptome and proteome of SARS-CoV-2 reveals a cell passage induced in-frame deletion of the furin-like cleavage site from the spike glycoprotein
Authors: Andrew D. Davidson, Maia Kavanagh Williamson, Sebastian Lewis, Deborah Shoemark, Miles W. Carroll, Kate J. Heesom, Maria Zambon, Joanna Ellis, Philip A. Lewis, Julian A. Hiscox, David A. Matthews
Journal: Genome Medicine (2020)

SARS-CoV-2 is a recently emerged respiratory pathogen that has significantly impacted global human health. We wanted to rapidly characterise the transcriptomic, proteomic and phosphoproteomic landscape of this novel coronavirus to provide a fundamental description of the virus's genomic and proteomic potential.
Myeloablative Versus Reduced Intensity Conditioning Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Patients with Prior Myelodysplastic Syndrome/ Myeloproliferative Disorders: An ALWP of EBMT Study
Authors: Bipin N. Savani, Ariane Boumendil, Myriam Labopin, Jürgen Finke, Matthias Stelljes, Arnold Ganser, Gerald Wulf, Liisa Volin, Sonja Martin, Didier Blaise, Johan Maertens, Jean-Henri Bourhis, Lucrecia Yañez, Jorge Sierra, Nathalie Fegueux, Eve Gehlkopf, Wilfried Schroyens, Audrey Mailhol, Maria Helena Gilleece, Norbert Claude Gorin, Jordi Esteve, Fabio Ciceri, Frederic Baron, Christoph Schmid, Sebastian Giebel, Mohamad Mohty, Arnon Nagler
Journal: Blood (2017)
Molecular engineering of antibodies for site-specific conjugation to lipid polydopamine hybrid nanoparticles
Authors: Hobin Yang, Quoc-Viet Le, Gayong Shim, Yu-Kyoung Oh, Young Kee Shin
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2020)

Conjugation of antibodies to nanoparticles allows specific cancer targeting, but conventional conjugation methods generate heterogeneous conjugations that cannot guarantee the optimal orientation and functionality of the conjugated antibody. Here, a molecular engineering technique was used for site-specific conjugation of antibodies to nanoparticles. We designed an anti-claudin 3 (CLDN3) antibody containing a single cysteine residue, h4G3cys, then linked it to the maleimide group of lipid polydopamine hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs). Because of their negatively charged lipid coating, LPNs showed high colloidal stability and provided a functional surface for site-specific conjugation of h4G3cys. The activity of h4G3cys was tested by measuring the binding of h4G3cys-conjugated LPNs (C-LPNs) to CLDN3-positive tumor cells and assessing its subsequent photothermal effects. C-LPNsspecifically recognized CLDN3-overexpressing T47D breast cancer cells but not CLDN3-negative Hs578T breast cancer cells. High binding of C-LPNs to CLDN3-overexpressing T47D cells resulted in significantly higher temperature generation upon NIR irradiation and potent anticancer photothermal efficacy. Consistent with this, intravenous injection of C-LPNsin a T47D xenograft mouse model followed by NIR irradiation caused remarkable tumor ablation compared with other treatments through high temperature increases. Our results establish an accurate antibody-linking method and demonstrate the possibility of developing therapeutics using antibody-guided nanoparticles.
OP0118 Treatment preferences for early rheumatoid arthritis patients: how aggressive are rheumatologists?
Authors: D Erkan, Y Yazici, MJ Harrison, SA Paget
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Epidemiologic and clinical data point to the need for early and aggressive DMARD treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in order to improve functional outcome and prevent joint damage. <h3>Objectives</h3> To identify the pharmacoeconomic, physician, and geographic variables that might modify physician choice (s) of first-line therapy for early RA. <h3>Methods</h3> A questionnaire describing 3 RA cases with differing levels of disease severity/activity was developed. Each scenario portrayed a patient of the same age/gender, but presenting with a 6-month?s history of the signs/symptoms of mild, moderate, and severe disease activity/severity. The questionnaire was mailed to rheumatologists (adult practice) (n = 995) within four geographical regions of the United States (Northeast-NY; South-TX; Midwest-MO/NE/KS; West-CA) who were identified through the membership directory of the American College of Rheumatology. Rheumatologists were asked to identify their choice (s) of first-line therapy for each of the case profiles, first incorporating and second not incorporating cost as a factor in their treatment decision (s). <h3>Results</h3> 375 (37.7%) questionnaires were returned between March 12 and April 25, 2000. Response rates were similar among the different geographical regions. The Table 1 demonstrates the use of NSAID/COX2 inhibitors and/or corticosteroids (CS) alone as well as the use of DMARD therapy (including anti-TNF medications) with or without NSAID/COX-2, and/or CS. Various combinations of only NSAID/COX2/CS/Hydroxychloroquine/Sulfasalazine as the initial treatment were cited by 53–56% for mild, 3–5% for moderate, and 1–2% for severe disease activity/severity. DMARD monotherapy was chosen by nearly 3/4 of all rheumatologists for the treatment of mild RA, and by 40–60% for the treatment of moderate-severe RA regardless of cost issues. For severe disease activity/severity, when cost was a consideration the use of triple DMARD therapy significantly increased. Neither geographic location nor age (as a proxy for years of training) of the rheumatologist appeared to play a role in the treatment choices. <h3>Conclusion</h3> For the first-line therapy of early RA, medication cost played no role in the choice of mono, double, or triple therapy except in the RA scenario with severe disease activity/severity. For mild disease activity/severity: 1) a surprisingly high percent employed NSAID and/or CS alone; 2) half of the rheumatologists did not prefer MTX, gold, azathioprine, cyclosporine or any of the newer DMARDs (leflunomide, etanercept, infliximab) in this broad RA patient population. For the first-line treatment of early RA, aggressive DMARD therapy is not universally employed by all rheumatologists in the regions studied.
Hydroxyethyl Starch vs Saline for Volume Expansion After Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Gregor Markow
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Role of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in assessment of cervical lymphadenopathy
Authors: R. Khillan, G. S. Sidhu, C. Axiotis, A. Braverman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e19525 Background: The ability of FNA specimens to provide a definitive lymphoma diagnosis is controversial. Otolaryngolists routinely employ FNA for cervical lymph nodes which may have arisen from head and neck carcinomas, since incisional procedures may interfere with potentially curative surgery. Methods: The charts of 176 patients referred to the Kings County Hospital Center since 1996 for confirmed lymphoma were reviewed. All patients with cervical adenopathy are initially referred to the Otolaryngology service for biopsy, which is routinely FNA. Results: Of the 123 patients for whom pathological data was available, 37 had initial FNAs; 10 more FNAs (total 47) were done when the first was not diagnostic. Cervical adenopathy was the presentation in 27 of 37 patients (73%), 6 of whom also had disseminated adenopathy. Upper aerodigestive tract (UAT) fiberoscopy had been negative in 16 and not performed in 7. The FNA specimens contained interpretable material in 42 of 47 cases (89%). Five FNA specimens were diagnostic of lymphoma (11%), but the type was classifiable in only one. Thus, 32 initial FNA specimens were not diagnostic, nor were 10 repeat FNA's on the same patients. Of the 32 patients who initially had non-diagnostic FNAs, a lymphoma diagnosis and classification was ultimately established by a single excisional lymph node biopsy. Lymphoma diagnosis was delayed in 19 patients because of FNA by 10–941 days; median 38, mean 68 days. Conclusions: Though 90% were not diagnostic, FNA was routinely, and sometimes repeatedly performed in patients with cervical adenopathy, most of whom had no evidence of UAT neoplasms, and some of whom had disseminated adenopathy. Significant delays in diagnosis were the result. Decisions concerning biopsy technique in patients with cervical adenopathy should be made in the context of clinical presentation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A Tissue-Engineered 3D Microvessel Model Reveals the Dynamics of Mosaic Vessel Formation in Breast Cancer
Authors: Vanesa L. Silvestri, Elodie Henriet, Raleigh M. Linville, Andrew D. Wong, Peter C. Searson, Andrew J. Ewald
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

In solid tumors, vascular structure and function varies from the core to the periphery. This structural heterogeneity has been proposed to influence the mechanisms by which tumor cells enter the circulation. Blood vessels exhibit regional defects in endothelial coverage, which can result in cancer cells directly exposed to flow and potentially promoting intravasation. Consistent with prior reports, we observed in human breast tumors and in a mouse model of breast cancer that approximately 6% of vessels consisted of both endothelial cells and tumor cells, so-called mosaic vessels. Due, in part, to the challenges associated with observing tumor-vessel interactions deep within tumors in real-time, the mechanisms by which mosaic vessels form remain incompletely understood. We developed a tissue-engineered model containing a physiologically realistic microvessel in coculture with mammary tumor organoids. This approach allows real-time and quantitative assessment of tumor-vessel interactions under conditions that recapitulate many
Effect of size and crystalline phase of TiO2 nanotubes on cell behaviors: A high throughput study using gradient TiO2 nanotubes
Authors: Yanran Li, Si Wang, Yuanjun Dong, Ping Mu, Yun Yang, Xiangyang Liu, Changjian Lin, Qiaoling Huang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

The research of TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) in the field of biomedicine has been increasingly active. However, given the diversity of the nanoscale dimension and controversial reports, our understanding of the structure-property relationships of TNTs is not yet complete. In this paper, gradient TNTs with a wide diameter range of 20–350 nm were achieved by bipolar electrochemistry and utilized for a thorough high-throughput study of the effect of nanotube dimension and crystalline phase on protein adsorption and cell behaviors. Results indicated that protein adsorption escalated with nanotube dimension whereas cell proliferation and differentiation are preferred on small diameter (<70 nm) nanotubes. Large diameter anatase nanotubes had higher adsorption of serum proteins than as-prepared ones. But only as-prepared small diameter nanotubes presented slightly higher cell proliferation than corresponding annealed nanotubes whereas there was no discernible difference between as-prepared and annealed nanotubes on cell differentiation for the entire gradient. Those findings replenish previous research about how cell responses to TNTs with a wide diameter range and provide scientific guidance for the optimal design of biomedical materials.
DT2216—a Bcl-xL-specific degrader is highly active against Bcl-xL-dependent T cell lymphomas
Authors: Yonghan He, Raphael Koch, Vivekananda Budamagunta, Peiyi Zhang, Xuan Zhang, Sajid Khan, Dinesh Thummuri, Yuma T. Ortiz, Xin Zhang, Dongwen Lv, Janet S. Wiegand, Wen Li, Adam C. Palmer, Guangrong Zheng, David M. Weinstock, Daohong Zhou
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2020)

Abstract Background Patients with advanced T cell lymphomas (TCLs) have limited therapeutic options and poor outcomes in part because their TCLs evade apoptosis through upregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins. Subsets of TCL cell lines, patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), and primary patient samples depend on Bcl-xL for survival. However, small molecule Bcl-xL inhibitors such as ABT263 have failed during clinical development due to on-target and dose-limiting thrombocytopenia. Methods We have developed DT2216, a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) targeting Bcl-xL for degradation via Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) E3 ligase, and shown that it has better anti-tumor activity but is less toxic to platelets compared to ABT263. Here, we examined the therapeutic potential of DT2216 for TCLs via testing its anti-TCL activity in vitro using MTS assay, immunoblotting, and flow cytometry and anti-TCL activity in vivo using TCL cell xenograft and PDX model in mice. Results The results showed that DT2216 selectively killed various Bcl-xL-dependent TCL cells including MyLa cells in vitro. In vivo, DT2216 alone was highly effective against MyLa TCL xenografts in mice without causing significant thrombocytopenia or other toxicity. Furthermore, DT2216 combined with ABT199 (a selective Bcl-2 inhibitor) synergistically reduced disease burden and improved survival in a TCL PDX mouse model dependent on both Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Conclusions These findings support the clinical testing of DT2216 in patients with Bcl-xL-dependent TCLs, both as a single agent and in rational combinations.
Dynamic changes in paediatric invasive pneumococcal disease after sequential switches of conjugate vaccine in Belgium: a national retrospective observational study
Authors: Stefanie Desmet, Katrien Lagrou, Chloé Wyndham-Thomas, Toon Braeye, Jan Verhaegen, Piet Maes, Steffen Fieuws, Willy E Peetermans, Sophie Blumental
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020)
Abstract 15912: Insufficient Neonatal Ketogenesis Triggers the Susceptible Trait for Hepatic Steatosis
Authors: Yuichiro Arima, Toshifumi Ishida, Koichi Nishiyama, Taishi Nakamura, Satoshi Araki, Koichi Kaikita, Kenichi Tsujita
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Many epidemiological reports showed low birth weight babies are at risk of non-communicable diseases in adult. This concept is regarded as the developmental origins of health and dise...
The human ribosomal protein S3 binds to 8-oxoguanine residues in DNA and interacts with the base excision repair proteins hAPE/Ref-1 and hOGG1
Authors: Walter A. Deutsch, Mu Wang, Vijay Hegde
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

1558  The human ribosomal protein S3 (hS3) possesses multifunctional activities that are involved in both protein translation, as well as the ability to cleave apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) DNA via a β-elimination reaction. Unlike its Drosophila homologue, however, hS3 does not contain an N-glycosylase activity for the liberation of 8-oxoG residues in oxidatively-damaged DNA. On the other hand, hS3 was found to bind to an 8-oxoG residue embedded in a 5′ end labeled 37mer DNA oligonucleotide. To understand the interaction of hS3 and DNA templates containing 8-oxoG, we carried out real-time analysis using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Using this technique, hS3 was found to have an apparent three orders of magnitude higher binding affinity (KD) for 8-oxoG than the human N-glycosylase/AP lyase base excision repair (BER) enzyme OGG1. An even more dramatic five orders of magnitude apparent higher binding affinity for AP DNA was found for hS3 as opposed to hOGG1. Tests were also conducted to determine if hS3 interacted with proteins associated with BER. Results using SPR analysis showed that hS3 positively interacts with the DNA BER enzymes hOGG1 and human APE/Ref-1. A physical interaction between hS3 and the BER enzymes was further documented through co-immunoprecipitation experiments. The human S3 has also been previously implicated in nucleotide excision repair (NER), where its AP lyase expression is totally absent in xeroderma pigmentosum group-D fibroblasts. Taken together, these results suggest that hS3 may possibly be involved in cross-talk between BER and NER.