tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ACOSOG Z1041 (Alliance): Definitive analysis of randomized neoadjuvant trial comparing FEC followed by paclitaxel plus trastuzumab (FEC → P+T) with paclitaxel plus trastuzumab followed by FEC plus trastuzumab (P+T → FEC+T) in HER2+ operable breast cancer.
Authors: Aman Buzdar, Vera J. Suman, Funda Meric-Bernstam, A. Marilyn Leitch, Matthew James Ellis, Judy Caroline Boughey, Gary Walter Unzeitig, Melanie Royce, Kelly Hunt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

502 Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and concomitant trastuzumab (T) have produced high pathologic complete response (pCR) rates in HER2+ breast cancers. Z1041 addresses the timing of initiation of T with NAC. Methods: Women with operable HER2+ invasive breast cancer were randomized 1:1 to: FEC → P+T (Arm 1) or P+T → FEC+T (Arm 2) where treatment was administered as 5-FU 500 mg/m 2 , epirubicin 75 mg/m 2 and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m 2 day 1 of a 21-day cycle x 4 (FEC); paclitaxel 80 mg/m 2 weekly x 12 and trastuzumab 4 mg/kg once then 2 mg/kg weekly x 11. Eligibility also included: tumor &gt; 2 cm or a positive lymph node and left ventricular ejection fraction &gt; 55%. The primary aim was to compare the pCR rates in the breast (pBCR) between the regimens. Secondary endpoints were pCR rate in the breast and lymph nodes (pBNCR) and safety profile. All pts who began study treatment were included in the analyses. With 128 pts per regimen, a two-sided alpha=0.05 test of proportions would have a 90% chance of detecting a difference of 20% or more in the pBCR rates, when the pBCR rate with the poorer regimen is ≤ 25%. Results: From September 15, 2007 to December 15, 2011, 282 women (Arm 1: 140 pts) were enrolled. Two pts (Arm 1) withdrew without receiving treatment. The two arms were similar in age, stage, and hormone receptor (HR) status (HR neg: 40%). The severe (grade 3+) treatment-related toxicities included: neutropenia (Arm 1: 24.6%; Arm 2: 32.4%), fatigue (Arm 1: 4.3%; Arm 2: 8.5%), and neurosensory problems (Arm 1: 3.6%; Arm 2: 4.9%). The pBCR rate and pBNCR rates (Table) were not found to differ between the two regimens (Fisher’s exact p values: 0.905 and 0.811, respectively). Conclusions: High pCR rates can be achieved with trastuzumab in combination with anthracyclines and taxanes. The pBCR or pBNCR was not different between regimens based on the timing of initiation of trastuzumab. Clinical trial information: NCT00513292. [Table: see text]
IN VIVO ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC DEMONSTRATION IN A RAT MODEL OF A NOVEL, NESTED PHASE-CHANGE CONTRAST AGENT WITH AN ACOUSTIC RESPONSE DEPENDENT ON MYOCARDIAL DEPOLARIZATION
Authors: Brett Angel, Andrew Kohut, Steve Wrenn, Michael Flynn, Michael Cimorelli, Aaron Fafarman, Neel Patel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Endoscopic removal of a submucosal embedded foreign body in the duodenum
Authors: Nicole M. Cheng, Hon C. Yip, Shannon M. Chan, Anthony Y. Teoh, Philip W. Chiu, Enders K. Ng
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Ingested foreign bodies can sometimes become deeply embedded or even cause perforation in the gastrointestinal tract. Retrieval of these foreign bodies by endoscopy can be technically difficult; it may even require surgical exploration. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) technique-assisted removal of an esophageal foreign body has been reported [1]. We here describe a case of a completely buried foreign body in the duodenum that was successfully removed in a similar fashion.
SUBTYPES OF PATIENT PREFERENCE FOR CATHETER-BASED HYPERTENSION THERAPY: A PILOT STUDY BASED ON TAIWAN CONSENSUS ON RENAL DENERVATION (RDNI2)
Authors: Shu-I Lin, Sarah Hsiao-Wei Li, Wei-Ren Lan, Feng-Ching Liao, Cheng Ting Tsai, Ying-Hsiang Lee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Shared decision making in radiation oncology: Implications for patient satisfaction.
Authors: Jacob Ezra Shabason, Jun J Mao, Eitan S. Frankel, Neha Vapiwala
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

6610 Background: Shared decision making (SDM) has been linked to healthcare quality outcomes, including patient satisfaction. However, the importance of SDM has not been evaluated in radiation oncology. This study aims to determine the association between patient-perceived SDM and patient satisfaction during radiation therapy (RT). We also explore patient desire for and perception of control during RT and its relationship to patient satisfaction. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 305 patients undergoing RT at an urban academic cancer center. Patients self-reported measures of satisfaction and control during the last week of RT. SDM was measured using a 3-item validated instrument. The relationships between SDM, control over treatment decisions, and satisfaction were evaluated using chi-2 analyses. Results: The 305 participants had a mean age of 59.8 (range 18-87) and were 47.5% female. Ethnicities included white (75.7%), black (19.7%), Asian (2.6%), and Hispanic (0.7%). Tumor types represented were breast (19.7%), prostate (17.7%), head and neck (18%), gastrointestinal (15.1%), lung (13.4%), and other cancers (16.1%). Ninety (31.3%) patients reported experiencing SDM and 227 (76.2%) reported feeling very satisfied with their treatments. There were no significant differences in these outcomes based on demographic or clinical characteristics. Patients who experienced SDM were more likely to be satisfied with the care provided by their radiation oncologist (84.4% vs. 71.4%, p &lt;0.02). Furthermore, the perception of having control in treatment decisions was associated with increased satisfaction regardless of whether the patient preferred control or not (Table). Conclusions: These findings emphasize the value of SDM in radiation oncology. Regardless of a patient's desire for control, it is important for physicians to engage patients in the decision making process. Both physician- and patient-targeted interventions may aid in improving SDM and, in turn, overall satisfaction among radiation oncology patients. [Table: see text]
Effect of remote ischaemic conditioning on platelet reactivity and endogenous fibrinolysis in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a substudy of the CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI randomized controlled trial
Authors: Diana A Gorog, Mohamed Farag, Nikolaos Spinthakis, Derek M Yellon, Hans Erik Bøtker, Rajesh K Kharbanda, Derek J Hausenloy
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2020)

Remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) has been shown to reduce myocardial infarct size in animal models of myocardial infarction. Platelet thrombus formation is a critical determinant of outcome in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Whether the beneficial effects of RIC are related to thrombotic parameters is unclear.In a substudy of the Effect of Remote Ischaemic Conditioning on clinical outcomes in STEMI patients undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (ERIC-PPCI) trial, we assessed the effect of RIC on thrombotic status. Patients presenting with STEMI were randomized to immediate RIC consisting of an automated autoRIC™ cuff on the upper arm inflated to 200 mmHg for 5 min and deflated for 5 min for four cycles (n = 53) or sham (n = 47). Venous blood was tested at presentation, discharge (48 h) and 6-8 weeks, to assess platelet reactivity, coagulation, and endogenous fibrinolysis using the Global Thrombosis Test and thromboelastography. Baseline thrombotic status was similar in the two groups. At discharge, there was some evidence that the time to in vitro thrombotic occlusion under high shear stress was longer with RIC compared to sham (454 ± 105 s vs. 403 ± 105 s; mean difference 50.1 s; 95% confidence interval 93.7-6.4, P = 0.025), but this was no longer apparent at 6-8 weeks. There was no difference in clot formation or endogenous fibrinolysis between the study arms at any time point.RIC may reduce platelet reactivity in the first 48 h post-STEMI. Further research is needed to delineate mechanisms through which RIC may reduce platelet reactivity, and whether it may improve outcomes in patients with persistent high on-treatment platelet reactivity.
Resting <i>V</i>′<sub>E</sub>/<i>V</i>′<sub>CO<sub>2</sub></sub> adds to inspiratory capacity to predict the burden of exertional dyspnoea in COPD
Authors: J. Alberto Neder, Danilo C. Berton, Mathieu Marillier, Anne-Catherine Bernard, Juan Pablo de Torres, Denis E. O'Donnell
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

<b>A novel variable (<i>V</i>′<sub>E</sub>/<i>V</i>′<sub>CO<sub>2</sub></sub><sub>rest</sub>) adds important information to IC<sub>rest</sub> in predicting the severity of exertional dyspnoea across the spectrum of COPD severity</b>http://bit.ly/3cS9jNi
Covid-19: Trump cancels all flights from Europe, apart from the UK
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2020)

President Donald Trump announced on Tuesday night in a national TV broadcast that the US would be closed to all flights from Europe—excluding the UK—for 30 days from midnight on Friday 13 March in an attempt to stop the spread of covid-19 to the country.

Trump blamed Europe for increasing US infections, as he referred to covid-19 as a horrible disease. Reading from a teleprompter, he said that while previous measures, such as travel restrictions from China, the announcement of a public health emergency, and warnings, had led to a dramatic decrease in US infections, the problem lay with Europe. …
Representation of minorities in randomized lung cancer trials in the United States.
Authors: Mounika Mandadi, Goetz H. Kloecker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e16517 Background: The SEER data base shows a higher rate of lung cancer mortality for African Americans and a lower lung cancer mortality rate of Hispanics compared to Caucasians in the US. It is not clear if this is due to socioeconomic or biological factors. This study reviews the representation of Caucasians, African Americans (AA), Hispanics, and Asians in recent randomized trials published in the US. Methods: A systematic review was done of randomized trials in lung cancer published in the NEJM, JAMA, JCO. The percentage of patients of each race in the individual trials was listed. An average percentage with mean standard error for Caucasian, African-American, Hispanic and Asian race was obtained. The percentage for each group is compared to the racial distribution in the US Census data. Results: 30 randomized clinical trials were analyzed for racial distribution. A total of 227,411 patients were enrolled in the trials. Conclusions: African Americans and Hispanics have been significantly underrepresented in randomized trials published in the US. This affects the external validity of the trial results when generalizing the results to these minorities. Strategies to ensure accrual of people of all races are required to ameliorate the disparities clinical trial enrollment. [Table: see text]
PCL20-115: A Preclinical Study: the Role of Hypoxic Preconditioned Adipose Derived Stem Cells From Obese Breast Cancer Patients in Promoting Tumor Angiogenesis in Mouse Model
Authors: Qiuxia Cui, Dan Zhang, Xing Liao, Jianing Tang, Deguang Kong, Qian Yang, Yan Gong, Gaosong Wu
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2020)

"PCL20-115: A Preclinical Study: the Role of Hypoxic Preconditioned Adipose Derived Stem Cells From Obese Breast Cancer Patients in Promoting Tumor Angiogenesis in Mouse Model" published on 20 Mar 2020 by National Comprehensive Cancer Network.
DIABETES IS AN INDEPENDENT PREDICTOR OF SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH FOLLOWING LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: RESULTS FROM THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND LIVER TRANSPLANT REGISTRY OVER 30 YEARS
Authors: Anoop Ninan Koshy, Paul J. Gow, Hui-Chen Han, Andrew W. Teh, Robert Jones, Han S. Lim, Adam Testro, Matias B. Yudi, David Clark, Omar Farouque
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
HSR20-108: Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in US Adults with Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study of First-Line Treatments
Authors: Ashley Tabah, David Huggar, Ronda Copher, Marc Tian, Ali McBride
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2020)

"HSR20-108: Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in US Adults with Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study of First-Line Treatments" published on 20 Mar 2020 by National Comprehensive Cancer Network.
Secondary rectal malignancy risk reduction with IMRT and rectal balloon placement during radiation therapy.
Authors: John Ng, Ryan J. Burri, David Paul Horowitz, Jamie A. Cesaretti, Johnny Kao, Dawn Thompson, Talitha Stephens, K. S. Clifford Chao, David J. Brenner, Igor Shuryak
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e15162 Background: The risk of secondary rectal malignancies (SRMs) is a significant concern following radiation therapy for prostate cancer patients. Modern prostate radiotherapy techniques include the use of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and rectal balloons to decrease treatment related toxicity. These technologies may also lower the likelihood of radiation-induced SRMs. In this study, a novel biologically-based carcinogenesis model was used to quantify and to compare the predicted risks of SRMs in men treated with or without a rectal balloon in place using either standard 3-D conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) or IMRT radiotherapy. Methods: Treatment plans were developed for ten clinically localized prostate cancer patients using CT scans obtained both with and without a rectal balloon in place. Target and normal structures were contoured, and dose-volume histograms (DVHs) for these organs were determined with a planned 3D-CRT dose of 75.6 Gy or with a planned IMRT dose of 81 Gy. A biologically-based mathematical model of spontaneous and radiation-induced carcinogenesis was used to determine the excess absolute risk of SRMs for each plan. These risks were then compared to one another and to the baseline population. Results: Treatment with IMRT and a rectal balloon in place resulted in a significantly lower mean rectal wall dose in all patients compared with treatment with 3D-CRT without a rectal balloon. The average mean rectal wall dose with IMRT and a rectal balloon in place was 31.0 Gy versus 40.1 Gy with 3D-CRT without the rectal balloon (p &lt; 0.001). A significantly higher risk of SRMs was predicted for patients treated with 3-D CRT without rectal balloons when compared with patients treated with IMRT with balloons in place (p &lt; 0.001, relative risk 1.30; 95% confidence interval 1.16-1.44). Conclusions: For prostate cancer patients treated with definitive radiotherapy, the use of IMRT and rectal balloons during radiation, when compared to treatment with 3-D conformal radiotherapy, is associated with a significant reduction in the predicted risk of secondary rectal malignancies.
Congenital Thrombocytopenia and Myelofibrosis Due to Germline Mutations in G6b-B— a Megakaryocyte-Specific Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Inhibitory Motif (ITIM) Receptor
Authors: Inga Hofmann, Andrew Crispin, Dean Campagna, Monica Calicchio, Klaus Schmitz-Abe, Esther A. Obeng, Kyriacos Markianos, Yotis A. Senis, Mark D. Fleming
Journal: Blood (2017)
Renal hemodynamic effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in hyperfiltering people with type 1 diabetes and people with type 2 diabetes and normal kidney function
Authors: Erik J.M. van Bommel, Yuliya Lytvyn, Bruce A. Perkins, Nima Soleymanlou, Nora M. Fagan, Audrey Koitka-Weber, Jaap A. Joles, David Z.I. Cherney, Daniël H. van Raalte
Journal: Kidney International (2020)
Treatment efficacy in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer receiving gemcitabine and cisplatin and 21-h infusional 5-FU: An analysis of 17 cases.
Authors: Mozaffar Aznab, Kiumars Eslam pia, Khosro Setayeshi, Mansour Rezaei, Kaveh Kavianymoghadam
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e15195 Background:Biliary tract a group of tumors which only a minority of patients is eligible for curative surgery. The purpose of this study was to identify efficacy treatment of gemcitabine, cisplatin, and 21h infusional 5-FU in patients with advanced BTC receiving this therapy, and the median time to progression and OS time. Methods: The data of 17 patients with advanced biliary tract cancer who referred to clinic oncology of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, which received treatment from January 2009 to December 2012 were collected. Patients with gallbladder cancer with local invasion into near structures or metastatic to lymph node and or liver and or peritoneal seeding and also patients with cholangiocarcinom were randomized to recieveing chemotherapy consisting of cycles of continuous infusion of 5-FU for 21-hours (600 mg/m2) days 1, 2, 3, and 4. Gemcitabine was given at dose of 1,250 mg/m2 days 1 and 8 and cisplatin was given at dose of 60 mg/m2 day 1 with G-csf every support. Each cycle repeated every 21 days for 6-7 cycles. Results: A total of 17 patients with age range 41-61 years studied.58.8% female and 41.2% were male. The 11 patients were gallbladder cancer with only local invasion into surrounding structures in 7 pts and 2 pts with only lymph node and peritoneal involving and 2 pts with lymph node and peritoneal involving and liver metastasis, and 6 patients were cholangiocarcinoma with lymph node and peritoneal involving in 3 pts and one pts with lymph node involving and one pts with liver metastasis. Four out of the 11 patients with gallbladder cancer with local invasion survived above 29 months one pts above 20 months. Means and medians for TTP of 6 pts which disease progressed was 11.2 and 9.6 months, respectively. Means for OS Time of 17 pts was 32 months. The overall 75.5% of pts are alive. This regimen was well tolerated, with neutropenia and thrombocytopenia as the most significant toxicities. Conclusions: The triple therapy with Gemcitabine cisplatin, 5-FU showed efficacy with manageable toxicity in patients with advanced BTC and demonstrated that the addition infusional 5-FU to cisplatin and gemcitabine afforded significant PFS and OS benefits.
EML4-ALK-gene rearrangement comparative analysis in circulating tumor cells and in tumor tissue of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Marius Ilie, Elodie Long, Catherine Butori, Veronique Hofman, Celine Coelle, Virginie Mauro, Katia Zahaf, Charles Hugo Marquette, Jerome Mouroux, Patrizia Paterlini-Brechot, Paul Hofman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

7591 Background: The implementation of new theranostic biomarkers in Oncology is leading to impressive therapeutic improvements. In patients with lung cancer, the possibility to use Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) as a non-invasive theranostic approach is a clinically appealing challenge. Adenocarcinomas with EML4-ALK rearrangement are a new molecular subgroup of lung tumors with very good response to Crizotinib, an ALK inhibitor. We have thus aimed at developing an informative assay characterizing the ALK-gene status in CTCs isolated from patients with lung cancer. Methods: CTCs were isolated preoperatively using Isolation by Size of Epithelial Tumor cells method (ISET) from 65 patients with lung adenocarcinoma and blindly screened for ALK-gene status. ALK break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) (LSI ALK dual colour probes set) and immunochemistry using an anti-ALK antibody (5A4 clone) were blindly performed on CTCs and corresponding tumor tissues and results were compared. Results: Two patients consistently showed ALK-gene rearrangement and strong ALK protein expression in CTCs and corresponding tumor samples. Negative results (both ALK FISH and ALK immunochemistry) were found in CTCs and corresponding tumor samples from the other 63 patients. Conclusion: We have developed an approach allowing to characterize ALK-gene status in CTCs from patients with lung cancer and shown consistent results in CTC and tumor tissues. These preliminary results encourage larger studies and open new avenues for non-invasive, real-time, theranostic monitoring of cancer patients.
PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF DIABETES IN PATIENTS WITH OR WITHOUT KNOWN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, RESULTS FROM THE REFINE SPECT REGISTRY
Authors: Donghee Han, Yuka Otaki, Evangelos Tzolos, Eyal Klein, Heidi Gransar, Tali Sharir, Andrew Jeffrey Einstein, Mathews Fish, Terrence D. Ruddy, Philipp Kaufmann, Albert J. Sinusas, Edward Miller, Timothy Bateman, Sharmila Dorbala, Marcelo Di Carli, Joanna Liang, Damini Dey, Daniel S. Berman, Piotr Slomka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
INCIDENCE OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND HURRICANE KATRINA: THIRTEEN YEARS AFTER THE STORM
Authors: Asaad Nakhle, Ali Ayoub, Rogin Subedi, Muhammad Panhwar, Deepa Sangani, Michael Razavi, Harsh Rawal, Daniel Harrison, Matthew Quan, Matt Kogan, Sudesh Srivastav, Anand Irimpen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
PINK1 and Parkin mitochondrial quality control: a source of regional vulnerability in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Preston Ge, Valina L. Dawson, Ted M. Dawson
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2020)

Abstract That certain cell types in the central nervous system are more likely to undergo neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease is a widely appreciated but poorly understood phenomenon. Many vulnerable subpopulations, including dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, have a shared phenotype of large, widely distributed axonal networks, dense synaptic connections, and high basal levels of neural activity. These features come at substantial bioenergetic cost, suggesting that these neurons experience a high degree of mitochondrial stress. In such a context, mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control play an especially important role in maintaining neuronal survival. In this review, we focus on understanding the unique challenges faced by the mitochondria in neurons vulnerable to neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s and summarize evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to disease pathogenesis and to cell death in these subpopulations. We then review mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control mediated by activation of PINK1 and Parkin, two genes that carry mutations associated with autosomal recessive Parkinson’s disease. We conclude by pinpointing critical gaps in our knowledge of PINK1 and Parkin function, and propose that understanding the connection between the mechanisms of sporadic Parkinson’s and defects in mitochondrial quality control will lead us to greater insights into the question of selective vulnerability.
4D Flow with MRI
Authors: Gilles Soulat, Patrick McCarthy, Michael Markl
Journal: Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering (2020)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an important tool for the clinical evaluation of patients with cardiac and vascular diseases. Since its introduction in the late 1980s, quantitative flow imaging with MRI has become a routine part of standard-of-care cardiothoracic and vascular MRI for the assessment of pathological changes in blood flow in patients with cardiovascular disease. More recently, time-resolved flow imaging with velocity encoding along all three flow directions and three-dimensional (3D) anatomic coverage (4D flow MRI) has been developed and applied to enable comprehensive 3D visualization and quantification of hemodynamics throughout the human circulatory system. This article provides an overview of the use of 4D flow applications in different cardiac and vascular regions in the human circulatory system, with a focus on using 4D flow MRI in cardiothoracic and cerebrovascular diseases.
TEMPORAL TRENDS AND CONTEMPORARY USE OF MULTIVESSEL PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY REVASCULARIZATION FOR ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN THE US: AN NCDR RESEARCH TO PRACTICE (R2P) PROJECT
Authors: Eric Alexander Secemsky, Rohan Khera, Thomas M. Maddox, Deepak Bhatt, Ehrin J. Armstrong, Jeptha P. Curtis, Haikun Bao, Robert W. Yeh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED CARDIAC SARCOIDOSIS BY ENDOMYOCARDIAL BIOPSY RESULTS
Authors: Fatima Ezzeddine, Konstantinos Siontis, Andrew Rosenbaum, Lori Blauwet, Samuel Asirvatham, Suraj Kapa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)