tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TCT CONNECT-166 Rotational Versus Orbital Atherectomy for Calcified Lesions – A Large Single Center Experience
Authors: Michael Weinreich, Faraj Kargoli, Weijia Li, Davis Jones, Ming Zhang, Paul Kim, Ariel Karten, Eric Sun, Tanush Gupta, None Anna Bortnick, Mark Greenberg, Azeem Latib, Mark Menegus, Giora Weisz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Ligation-occluded endoscopic injection sclerotherapy: a novel retrograde strategy for gastroesophageal varices obliteration
Authors: Wei Wu, Qukai Liu, Weiguang Li, Jiali Kan, Qi Wang, Lifu Wang
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

We propose a novel retrograde obliteration strategy, ligation-occluded endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (LOEIS), for management of gastroesophageal varices. We report on a patient with GOV1 + 2 varices who benefitted from this strategy ([Fig. 1 a]). She underwent endoscopy for recurrent variceal bleeding. Conventional variceal obturation with sclerosant [1] (1 % lauromacrogol with methylene blue as tracer agent) to the first two cardiac varices was successful [2]. We tried to obturate a third cardiac varix with a caliber of 1.8 – 2.5 mm on endosonography, but failed to achieve accurate injection; unfortunately, this attempt also resulted in active bleeding ([Fig. 1 b]). We decided to perform LOEIS.
Common mechanistic pathways in cancer and heart failure. A scientific roadmap on behalf of the <scp>Translational Research Committee</scp> of the <scp>Heart Failure Association</scp> (<scp>HFA</scp>) of the <scp>European Society of Cardiology</scp> (<scp>ESC</scp>)
Authors: Rudolf A. de Boer, Jean‐Sébastien Hulot, Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti, Joseph Pierre Aboumsallem, Pietro Ameri, Stefan D. Anker, Johann Bauersachs, Edoardo Bertero, Andrew J.S. Coats, Jelena Čelutkienė, Ovidiu Chioncel, Pierre Dodion, Thomas Eschenhagen, Dimitrios Farmakis, Antoni Bayes‐Genis, Dirk Jäger, Ewa A. Jankowska, Richard N. Kitsis, Suma H. Konety, James Larkin, Lorenz Lehmann, Daniel J. Lenihan, Christoph Maack, Javid J. Moslehi, Oliver J. Müller, Patrycja Nowak‐Sliwinska, Massimo Francesco Piepoli, Piotr Ponikowski, Radek Pudil, Peter P. Rainer, Frank Ruschitzka, Douglas Sawyer, Petar M. Seferovic, Thomas Suter, Thomas Thum, Peter van der Meer, Linda W. Van Laake, Stephan von Haehling, Stephane Heymans, Alexander R. Lyon, Johannes Backs
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2020)

The co-occurrence of cancer and heart failure (HF) represents a significant clinical drawback as each disease interferes with the treatment of the other. In addition to shared risk factors, a growing body of experimental and clinical evidence reveals numerous commonalities in the biology underlying both pathologies. Inflammation emerges as a common hallmark for both diseases as it contributes to the initiation and progression of both HF and cancer. Under stress, malignant and cardiac cells change their metabolic preferences to survive, which makes these metabolic derangements a great basis to develop intersection strategies and therapies to combat both diseases. Furthermore, genetic predisposition and clonal haematopoiesis are common drivers for both conditions and they hold great clinical relevance in the context of personalized medicine. Additionally, altered angiogenesis is a common hallmark for failing hearts and tumours and represents a promising substrate to target in both diseases. Cardiac cells and malignant cells interact with their surrounding environment called stroma. This interaction mediates the progression of the two pathologies and understanding the structure and function of each stromal component may pave the way for innovative therapeutic strategies and improved outcomes in patients. The interdisciplinary collaboration between cardiologists and oncologists is essential to establish unified guidelines. To this aim, pre-clinical models that mimic the human situation, where both pathologies coexist, are needed to understand all the aspects of the bidirectional relationship between cancer and HF. Finally, adequately powered clinical studies, including patients from all ages, and men and women, with proper adjudication of both cancer and cardiovascular endpoints, are essential to accurately study these two pathologies at the same time.
Anti-virulence strategies for <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection: advances and roadblocks
Authors: David Stewart, Farhan Anwar, Gayatri Vedantam
Journal: Gut Microbes (2020)

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a common healthcare- and antibiotic-associated diarrheal disease. If mis-diagnosed, or incompletely treated, CDI can have serious, indeed fatal, consequences. The clinical and economic burden imposed by CDI is great, and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has named the causative agent, C. difficile (CD), as an Urgent Threat To US healthcare. CDI is also a significant problem in the agriculture industry. Currently, there are no FDA-approved preventives for this disease, and the only approved treatments for both human and veterinary CDI involve antibiotic use, which, ironically, is associated with disease relapse and the threat of burgeoning antibiotic resistance. Research efforts in multiple laboratories have demonstrated that non-toxin factors also play key roles in CDI, and that these are critical for disease. Specifically, key CD adhesins, as well as other surface-displayed factors have been shown to be major contributors to host cell attachment, and as such, represent attractive targets for anti-CD interventions. However, research on anti-virulence approaches has been more limited, primarily due to the lack of genetic tools, and an as-yet nascent (but increasingly growing) appreciation of immunological impacts on CDI. The focus of this review is the conceptualization and development of specific anti-virulence strategies to combat CDI. Multiple laboratories are focused on this effort, and the field is now at an exciting stage with numerous products in development. Herein, however, we focus only on select technologies (Figure 1) that have advanced near, or beyond, pre-clinical testing (not those that are currently in clinical trial), and discuss roadblocks associated with their development and implementation.
TCT CONNECT-206 SPECT Stress Testing Versus Contrast-Flow Coronary QFR for Ischemia Detection in Women Presenting With Chronic Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Roy Taoutel, Mauro Gitto, Yuichi Saito, Marabel Schneider, Scott Ardito, Nikolaos Papoutsidakis, Ecaterina Cristea, Dawn Shaddinger, Alexandra Lansky, S. Elissa Altin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Identifying Ethical Considerations for Machine Learning Healthcare Applications
Authors: Danton S. Char, Michael D. Abràmoff, Chris Feudtner
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2020)

Along with potential benefits to healthcare delivery, machine learning healthcare applications (ML-HCAs) raise a number of ethical concerns. Ethical evaluations of ML-HCAs will need to structure the overall problem of evaluating these technologies, especially for a diverse group of stakeholders. This paper outlines a systematic approach to identifying ML-HCA ethical concerns, starting with a conceptual model of the pipeline of the conception, development, implementation of ML-HCAs, and the parallel pipeline of evaluation and oversight tasks at each stage. Over this model, we layer key questions that raise value-based issues, along with ethical considerations identified in large part by a literature review, but also identifying some ethical considerations that have yet to receive attention. This pipeline model framework will be useful for systematic ethical appraisals of ML-HCA from development through implementation, and for interdisciplinary collaboration of diverse stakeholders that will be required to understand and subsequently manage the ethical implications of ML-HCAs.
Harnessing hyperuricemia to atherosclerosis and understanding its mechanistic dependence
Authors: Muthukumaran Jayachandran, Shen Qu
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2020)

Atherosclerosis is regarded as the disease of the arterial vasculature. The main characteristics of atherosclerosis are the abnormal accumulation of lipids, increased inflammatory cells, matrix deposits, and proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hyperlipidemia are the most studied risk factors of atherosclerosis. One least studied risk factor is the uric acid (UA), a high UA in circulation is interlinked with many pathological processes. Several epidemiological studies suggest elevated UA levels as an essential biomarker in the forecast of several cardiovascular diseases. Available evidence claims that UA upholds the atherosclerosis process via disturbing lipid metabolism, reducing the nitric oxide synthesis in endothelial cells, promoting the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and overwhelms inflammation. In endothelial dysfunction and coronary artery lesions, UA is considered as an independent predictor. The updated studies on the involvement of hyperuricemia in atherosclerosis prove that treatment with xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors not just benefits the treatment of hyperuricemia but also reduces the burden of atherosclerosis to a greater extent. In this review, we highlight how the hyperuricemia affects vascular integrity, causes atherosclerosis, and the mechanism of action of XO inhibitors on atherosclerosis.
Response to Open Peer Commentary “Making It Count: Extracting Real World Data from Compassionate Use and Expanded Access Programs”
Authors: Tobias B. Polak, Joost van Rosmalen, Carin A. Uyl – De Groot
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2020)

"Response to Open Peer Commentary “Making It Count: Extracting Real World Data from Compassionate Use and Expanded Access Programs”." The American Journal of Bioethics, 20(11), pp. W4–W5
An Immune-Related Gene Prognostic Index for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yue Chen, Zhi-Yong Li, Guan-Qun Zhou, Ying Sun
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

To construct an immune-related gene prognostic index (IRGPI) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and clarify the molecular and immune characteristics and the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in IRGPI-defined subgroups of HNSCC.On the basis of The Cancer Genome Atlas HNSCC immune dataset (n = 546), 22 immune-related hub genes were identified by weighted gene coexpression network analysis. Three genes were identified to construct an IRGPI by using the Cox regression method and validated with the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset (n = 270). Afterward, the molecular and immune characteristics and the benefit of ICI therapy in IRGPI-defined subgroups were analyzed.The IRGPI was constructed on the basis of SFRP4, CPXM1, and COL5A1 genes. IRGPI-high patients had a better overall survival than IRGPI-low patients, consistent with the results in the GEO cohort. The comprehensive results showed that a high IRGPI score was correlated with DNA repair-related pathways; low TP53 mutation rate; high infiltration of CD8 T cells, CD4 T cells, and M1 macrophages; active immunity and less aggressive phenotypes; and more benefit from ICI therapy. In contrast, a low IRGPI score was associated with cancer and metastasis-related pathways; high TP53 and PIK3CA mutation rate; high infiltration of B cells, M0 macrophages, and M2 macrophages; suppressive immunity and more aggressive phenotypes; and less benefit from ICI therapy.IRGPI is a promising biomarker to distinguish the prognosis, the molecular and immune characteristics, and the immune benefit from ICI therapy in HNSCC.
AB0057 ASSESSMENT OF MATRIX METALLOPEPTIDASE 3 (MMP3) AS A POTENTIAL BIOMARKER FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN ALGERIAN PATIENTS
Authors: Mounira Benidir, Samir Salah, Dalila Fodil, Hachemi Djoudi, Habiba Amroun, Nabila Attal
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Background:</h3> Matrix metallopeptidase 3 (MMP3) is a protease induced by rheumatoid pannus pro-inflammatory cytokines during rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and degrades many cartilage and bone components. Its serum level is a useful marker for predicting joint destruction and evaluating disease activity. <h3>Objectives:</h3> First, compare MMP3 production in RA patients to controls, then try to place this marker in the evaluation of disease activity. <h3>Methods:</h3> We subdivided the studied population into three groups: RA: n = 134; sex ratio: 1: 5; age: 50 ± 14 years; disease duration: 7 ± 9 years, Healthy controls: n = 67; sex ratio: 1: 7; age: 38 ± 11 years, Population control: Patients with: Inflammatory rheumatism: n = 80, Chronic inflammatory diseases (CID): 18 Connective tissue disease (CTD), 14 chronic hepatitis C and 2 Crohn disease (CD). The serum MMP3 measurement was performed by ELISA assay. <h3>Results:</h3> Serum MMP3 was significantly higher in RA patients vs. healthy controls (p &lt; 0.0001), Inflammatory rheumatism (p &lt; 0.0001) and CID (p &lt; 0.05) and is particularly high in women with high Disease Activity Score 28 joints (DAS28) vs. Moderate DAS28 (p &lt; 0.05). In addition, it is higher if patients have: positive CRP: p &lt; 0.05; positive RF: p &lt; 0.05; positive ACPA: p &lt; 0.05 and Bone erosion: p &lt; 0.01 compared to other patients. Finally, there is a positive correlation between MMP3 production and RF (p &lt; 0.0001, Spearman r = 0.35) and ACPA (p &lt; 0.01, Spearman r = 0.26) but not with DAS28 joining the results published by Mahmood <i>et al</i> (2013) and Fadda <i>et al</i> (2016). Furthermore, in RA patients, there is no significant difference in MMP3 levels according to whether the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is accelerated or not, unlike CRP which represents the best marker of inflammation in this disease, according to the literature. Finally, the production of MMP3 is greater in case of erosion and is associated to bone and joint destruction. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> MMP3 serum measurement is a particularly useful marker of inflammatory activity in RA and may have potential predictive value in the development of bone and joint destruction. <h3>References</h3> [1] Mahmood M. T. M. Ally, Bridget Hodkinson, Pieter W. A. Meyer, Eustasius Musenge, Mohammed Tikly, and Ronald Anderson. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. Mediators of Inflammation. Volume 2013, Article ID 183653, 6 pages [2] Fadda S, Abolkheir E, Afifi R, Gamal M. The Egyptian Rheumatologist. 2016;38(3):153-159. <h3>Disclosure of Interests:</h3> None declared
A cohort study of 30 day mortality after NON-EMERGENCY surgery in a COVID-19 cold site
Authors: Veeru Kasivisvanathan, Jamie Lindsay, Sara Rakshani-Moghadam, Ahmed Elhamshary, Konstantinos Kapriniotis, Georgios Kazantzis, Bilal Syed, John Hines, Axel Bex, Daniel Heffernan Ho, Martin Hayward, Chetan Bhan, Nicola MacDonald, Simon Clarke, David Walker, Geoff Bellingan, James Moore, Jennifer Rohn, Asif Muneer, Lois Roberts, Fares Haddad, John D. Kelly, Tarek Ezzatt Abdel-Aziz, Clare Allen, Sian Allen, Hussain Alnajjar, Daniella Andrich, Vimoshan Arumuham, Naaila Aslam, Ravi Barod, Rosie Batty, Timothy Briggs, Eleanor Brockbank, Manish Chand, Simon Choong, Nim Christopher, Justin Collins, James Crosbie, Louise Dickinson, Konstantinos Doufekas, Mark Feneley, Tamsin Greenwell, Alistair Grey, Rizwan Hamid, John Hines, Julie Jenks, Arjun Jeyarajah, Davor Jurkovic, Anand Kelkar, Ioannis Kotsopoulos, Tomasz Kurzawinski, David Lawrence, Chi-Ying Li, Robert May, Jonathan McCullough, Sofoklis Mitsos, Caroline Moore, Tim Mould, Anthony Mundy, Senthil Nathan, Robert Nicolae, Jeremy Ockrim, Adeola Olaitan, Clement Orczyk, Mahreen Pakzad, Nikolaos Panagiotopoulos, Prasad Patki, Davide Patrini, Douglas Pendse, Saurabh Phadnis, Prabhakar Rajan, David Ralph, Tommy Rampling, Pippa Sangster, Greg Shaw, Daron Smith, Prasanna Sooriakumaran, Ashwin Sridhar, Tom Strange, Maxine Tran, Dimitrios Volanis, Dan Wood, Christopher Wood
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2020)
Climate Change Disinformation and How to Combat It
Authors: Stephan Lewandowsky
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2020)

Climate change presents a challenge at multiple levels: It challenges our cognitive abilities because the effect of the accumulation of emissions is difficult to understand. Climate change also challenges many people's worldview because any climate mitigation regime will have economic and political implications that are incompatible with libertarian ideals of unregulated free markets. These political implications have created an environment of rhetorical adversity in which disinformation abounds, thus compounding the challenges for climate communicators. The existing literature on how to communicate climate change and dispel misinformation converges on several conclusions: First, providing information about climate change, in particular explanations of why it occurs, can enhance people's acceptance of science. Second, highlighting the scientific consensus can be an effective means to counter misinformation and raise public acceptance. Third, culturally aligned messages and messengers are more likely to be successful. Finally, climate misinformation is best defanged, through a process known as inoculation, before it is encountered, although debunking techniques can also be successful.
Abstract 12905: Obese Mice Exposed to Psychosocial Stress Display Cardiac and Hippocampal Impairment Associated With Local Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Depletion
Authors: Jacopo Agrimi, Cristina Spalletti, Carlotta Baroni, Gizem Keceli, Stephen P Chelko, Djahida Bedja, Jun Seungho, Antonio Paolo P Beltrami, Nazareno Paolocci, Matteo Caleo, Vincenzo Lionetti
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Obesity and psychosocial stress (PS), two stigmata of Western society increasingly coexisting in the same individual, are risk factors for cardiovascular disease and cognitive deficit...
Blocking VCAM-1 inhibits pancreatic tumour progression and cancer-associated thrombosis/thromboembolism
Authors: Makoto Sano, Ryota Takahashi, Hideaki Ijichi, Kazunaga Ishigaki, Tomoharu Yamada, Koji Miyabayashi, Gen Kimura, Suguru Mizuno, Hiroyuki Kato, Hiroaki Fujiwara, Takuma Nakatsuka, Yasuo Tanaka, Jinsuk Kim, Yohei Masugi, Yasuyuki Morishita, Mariko Tanaka, Tetsuo Ushiku, Yousuke Nakai, Keisuke Tateishi, Yukimoto Ishii, Hiroyuki Isayama, Harold L Moses, Kazuhiko Koike
Journal: Gut (2020)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the deadliest cancer. Cancer-associated thrombosis/thromboembolism (CAT), frequently observed in PDAC, is known as a poor prognostic factor. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanisms between PDAC and CAT, and performed a trial of therapeutic approach for PDAC using a genetically engineered mouse model, PKF (Ptf1acre/+;LSL-KrasG12D/+;Tgfbr2flox/flox ).Presence of CAT in PKF mice was detected by systemic autopsy. Plasma cytokines were screened by cytokine antibody array. Murine and human plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1) were determined by ELISA. Distribution of VCAM-1 in PKF mice and human autopsy samples was detected by immunohistochemistry. PKF mice were treated with anti-VCAM-1 antibody and the effects on survival, distribution of CAT and the tumour histology were analysed.We found spontaneous CAT with cardiomegaly in 68.4% PKF mice. Increase of plasma ANP and sVCAM-1 was observed in PKF mice and PDAC patients with CAT. VCAM-1 was detected in the activated endothelium and thrombi. Administration of anti-VCAM-1 antibody to PKF mice inhibited tumour growth, neutrophil/macrophage infiltration, tumour angiogenesis and progression of CAT; moreover, it dramatically extended survival (from 61 to 253 days, p<0.01).Blocking VCAM-1/sVCAM-1 might be a potent therapeutic approach for PDAC as well as CAT, which can contribute to the prognosis. Increase of plasma ANP and sVCAM-1 might be a diagnostic approach for CAT in PDAC.
The Change of 68Ga–Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Uptake in Myeloma After Chemotherapy in a Patient With Multiple Myeloma and Concurrent Prostate Cancer
Authors: Qingqing Pan, Yaping Luo, Yanru Ma, Fang Li
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract A bone lesion in the right calcaneus was found in a 76-year-old man with a history of prostate cancer. 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT showed multiple PSMA-expressing lytic bone lesions in appendicular skeleton. Biopsy of the lesion in the right calcaneus confirmed plasmacytoma. After several cycles of chemotherapy, the patient was in serologically stringent complete remission. The follow-up PET/CT showed a significant reduction of 68 Ga-PSMA-11 uptake in the previously PSMA-avid bone lesions without morphological changes on CT. The reduction of PSMA expression in myelomas after chemotherapy is suggested to result from the treatment response.
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ali Rostami, Mahdi Sepidarkish, Mariska M.G. Leeflang, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Malihe Nourollahpour Shiadeh, Sahar Esfandyari, Ali H. Mokdad, Peter J. Hotez, Robin B. Gasser
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)
Triticum population sequencing provides insights into wheat adaptation
Authors: Yao Zhou, Xuebo Zhao, Yiwen Li, Jun Xu, Aoyue Bi, Lipeng Kang, Daxing Xu, Haofeng Chen, Ying Wang, Yuan-ge Wang, Sanyang Liu, Chengzhi Jiao, Hongfeng Lu, Jing Wang, Changbin Yin, Yuling Jiao, Fei Lu
Journal: Nature Genetics (2020)
TCT CONNECT-176 Diastolic Suction Alarms Are an Early Marker for Right Ventricular Failure in the Setting of Left Ventricular Mechanical Circulatory Support
Authors: Mir Basir, Sarah Gorgis, Alejandro Lemor, Ioana Ghiu, Raymond Kelley, Thomas McRae, Matheen Khuddus, Rahul Sharma, Michael Lim, Ali Nsair, David Wohns, Aditya Mehra, Lang Lin, Duane Pinto, Navin Kapur, William O'Neill
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Mutational and functional genetics mapping of chemotherapy resistance mechanisms in relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Koichi Oshima, Junfei Zhao, Pablo Pérez-Durán, Jessie A. Brown, Juan Angel Patiño-Galindo, Timothy Chu, Aidan Quinn, Thomas Gunning, Laura Belver, Alberto Ambesi-Impiombato, Valeria Tosello, Zhengqiang Wang, Maria Luisa Sulis, Motohiro Kato, Katsuyoshi Koh, Maddalena Paganin, Giuseppe Basso, Milagros Balbin, Concepcion Nicolas, Julie M. Gastier-Foster, Meenakshi Devidas, Mignon L. Loh, Elisabeth Paietta, Martin S. Tallman, Jacob M. Rowe, Mark Litzow, Mark D. Minden, Jules Meijerink, Raul Rabadan, Adolfo Ferrando
Journal: Nature Cancer (2020)