tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OP0043 A study of overlaping infectious, autoimmune and haematological etiologies in cryoglobulinemia in a tertiary universitary hospital
Authors: M Ramos-Casals, O Trejo, M Garcia-Carrasco, J Yague, G De la Red, S Jimenez, MI Quenard, R Cervera, J Font, M Ingelmo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> <h3>Objectives</h3> To study the main etiological factors associated to cryoglobulinemia in a universitary hospital, to determine the percentage of patients with no evidence of associated disease (?essential? cryoglobulinemia) and to analyse the amount of overlaping between the different etiologies. <h3>Methods</h3> We analysed 443 consecutive patients with cryoglobulinemia, who tested positive for circulating cryoglobulins in our Department of Immunology between 1991 and 1999. Of these 443 patients, 258 (58%) were women and 185 (42%) men (mean age 54 years, range 14 to 91). <h3>Results</h3> Infectious diseases were detected in 331 (75%) patients, autoimmune diseases in 94 (24%), haematological disease in 33 (7%) and essential cryoglobulinemia in 49 (11%). Patients with autoimmune diseases showed a cryocrit higher than 5% (26%) more frequently compared with those with haematological processes (24%), HCV infection (16%) or essential cryoglobulinemia (2%) (p = 0.003). HCV infection was found in 321 (73%) patients, HBsAg in 15 (3%) and HIV antibodies in 29 (7%). Forty (9%) patients had SJÖGREN'S syndrome (SS), 30 (7%) systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 7 (2%) periarteritis nodosa and 6 (2%) progressive systemic sclerosis. Finally, 16 (4%) patients had a NHL, 3 chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, 3 multiple myeloma and 2 Hodgking lymphoma. When the overlaping of more than one etiological factor was analysed, we found that most patients with HBsAg or HIV infection were also HCV positive. In addition, we observed a strong overlap between HCV and some autoimmune (50% in SS, 67% in PAN) or haematological (50% of NHL) diseases. <h3>Conclusion</h3> HCV infection was the main etiological factor identified, being present in 73% of patients with cryoglobulinemia. Of the systemic autoimmune diseases, SS and SLE were those frequently associated to cryoglobulinemia, and NHL was the most frequent haematological process found. Associated disease was not found in 11% of patients (essential cryoglobulinemia). Finally, we report a strong overlap between certain etiological factors (HCV, SS and NHL).
Results of Compliant Participation in Five Rounds of Fecal Immunochemical Test Screening for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Flavia Baldacchini, Lauro Bucchi, Orietta Giuliani, Silvia Mancini, Alessandra Ravaioli, Rosa Vattiato, Paolo Giorgi Rossi, Cinzia Campari, Debora Canuti, Enza Di Felice, Francesca Mezzetti, Priscilla Sassoli de Bianchi, Stefano Ferretti, Fabio Falcini, Stefano Ferretti, Francesca Mezzetti, Enza Di Felice, Priscilla Sassoli de Bianchi, Chiara Ventura, Flavia Baldacchini, Lauro Bucchi, Americo Colamartini, Orietta Giuliani, Silvia Mancini, Alessandra Ravaioli, Rosa Vattiato, Fabio Falcini, Dario Signorelli, Giovanni Aragona, Francesca Pennini, Giorgio Chiaranda, Pietro Seghini, Cristian Dalla Fiora, Claudio Fattibene, Maria Michiara, Paolo Orsi, Paolo Giorgi Rossi, Lucia Mangone, Cinzia Campari, Romano Sassatelli, Giuliano Carrozzi, Federica Rossi, Pasqualina Esposito, Paolo Trande, Simona Viani, Luigi Ricciardiello, Vincenzo Cennamo, Giovanna Gualandi, Francesca Mezzetti, Licia Caprara, Margherita De Lillo, Aldo De Togni, Caterina Palmonari, Daniela Pasquali, Giorgio Zoli, Serena Dal Re, Chiara Petrini, Monica Serafini, Omero Triossi, Benedetta Vitali, Mara Gallinucci, Claudia Imolesi, Mauro Palazzi, Carlo Fabbri, Debora Canuti, Coralba Casale, Mauro Giovanardi, Daniele Trombetti
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Does Degarelix Hold Potential for the Treatment of Pedophilic Disorder?
Authors: Mohamed ElSayed, Rishab Gupta
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Cost-effectiveness of post-treatment follow-up examinations and secondary prevention of tuberculosis in a high-incidence setting: a model-based analysis
Authors: Florian M Marx, Ted Cohen, Nicolas A Menzies, Joshua A Salomon, Grant Theron, Reza Yaesoubi
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2020)

In settings of high tuberculosis incidence, previously treated individuals remain at high risk of recurrent tuberculosis and contribute substantially to overall disease burden. Whether tuberculosis case finding and preventive interventions among previously treated people are cost-effective has not been established. We aimed to estimate costs and health benefits of annual post-treatment follow-up examinations and secondary preventive therapy for tuberculosis in a tuberculosis-endemic setting.We developed a transmission-dynamic mathematical model and calibrated it to data from two high-incidence communities of approximately 40 000 people in suburban Cape Town, South Africa. We used the model to estimate overall cost and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) associated with annual follow-up examinations and secondary isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT), alone and in combination, among individuals completing tuberculosis treatment. We investigated scenarios under which these interventions were restricted to the first year after treatment completion, or extended indefinitely. For each intervention scenario, we projected health system costs and DALYs averted with respect to the current status quo of tuberculosis control. All estimates represent mean values derived from 1000 epidemic trajectories simulated over a 10-year period (2019-28), with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) calculated as the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile values.We estimated that a single follow-up examination at the end of the first year after treatment completion combined with 12 months of secondary IPT would avert 2472 DALYs (95% UI -888 to 7801) over a 10-year period and is expected to be cost-saving compared with current control efforts. Sustained annual follow-up and continuous secondary IPT beyond the first year after treatment would avert an additional 1179 DALYs (-1769 to 4377) over 10 years at an expected additional cost of US$18·2 per DALY averted. Strategies of follow-up without secondary IPT were dominated (ie, expected to result in lower health impact at higher costs) by strategies that included secondary IPT.In this high-incidence setting, post-treatment follow-up and secondary preventive therapy can accelerate declines in tuberculosis incidence and potentially save resources for tuberculosis control. Empirical trials to assess the feasibility of these interventions in settings most severely affected by tuberculosis are needed.National Institutes of Health, Günther Labes Foundation, Oskar Helene Heim Foundation.
Chimeric Ad5.F35 vector evades anti-adenovirus serotype 5 neutralization opposing GUCY2C-targeted antitumor immunity
Authors: John C Flickinger Jr, Jagmohan Singh, Robert Carlson, Elinor Leong, Trevor R Baybutt, Joshua Barton, Ellen Caparosa, Amanda Pattison, Jeffrey A Rappaport, Jamin Roh, Tingting Zhan, Babar Bashir, Scott A Waldman, Adam E Snook
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2020)

Background Adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) is a commonly used viral vector for transient delivery of transgenes, primarily for vaccination against pathogen and tumor antigens. However, endemic infections with Ad5 produce virus-specific neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) that limit transgene delivery and constrain target-directed immunity following exposure to Ad5-based vaccines. Indeed, clinical trials have revealed the limitations that virus-specific NAbs impose on the efficacy of Ad5-based vaccines. In that context, the emerging focus on immunological approaches targeting cancer self-antigens or neoepitopes underscores the unmet therapeutic need for more efficacious vaccine vectors. Methods Here, we evaluated the ability of a chimeric adenoviral vector (Ad5.F35) derived from the capsid of Ad5 and fiber of the rare adenovirus serotype 35 (Ad35) to induce immune responses to the tumor-associated antigen guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C). Results In the absence of pre-existing immunity to Ad5, GUCY2C-specific T-cell responses and antitumor efficacy induced by Ad5.F35 were comparable to Ad5 in a mouse model of metastatic colorectal cancer. Furthermore, like Ad5, Ad5.F35 vector expressing GUCY2C was safe and produced no toxicity in tissues with, or without, GUCY2C expression. Importantly, this chimeric vector resisted neutralization in Ad5-immunized mice and by sera collected from patients with colorectal cancer naturally exposed to Ad5. Conclusions These data suggest that Ad5.F35-based vaccines targeting GUCY2C, or other tumor or pathogen antigens, may produce clinically relevant immune responses in more (≥90%) patients compared with Ad5-based vaccines (~50%).
Cross-talk between SOX2 and TGFβ Signaling Regulates EGFR–TKI Tolerance and Lung Cancer Dissemination
Authors: Ming-Han Kuo, An-Chun Lee, Shih-Hsin Hsiao, Sey-En Lin, Yu-Fan Chiu, Li-Hao Yang, Chia-Cherng Yu, Shih-Hwa Chiou, Hsien-Neng Huang, Jen-Chung Ko, Yu-Ting Chou
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Regulation of the stemness factor, SOX2, by cytokine stimuli controls self-renewal and differentiation in cells. Activating mutations in EGFR are proven therapeutic targets for tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in lung adenocarcinoma, but acquired resistance to TKIs inevitably occurs. The mechanism by which stemness and differentiation signaling emerge in lung cancers to affect TKI tolerance and lung cancer dissemination has yet to be elucidated. Here, we report that cross-talk between SOX2 and TGFβ signaling affects lung cancer cell plasticity and TKI tolerance. TKI treatment favored selection of lung cancer cells displaying mesenchymal morphology with deficient SOX2 expression, whereas SOX2 expression promoted TKI sensitivity and inhibited the mesenchymal phenotype. Preselection of EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells with the mesenchymal phenotype diminished SOX2 expression and TKI sensitivity, whereas SOX2 silencing induced vimentin, but suppressed BCL2L11, expression and promoted TKI tolerance. TGFβ stimulation downregulated SOX2 and induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transdifferentiation accompanied by increased TKI tolerance, which can interfere with ectopic SOX2 expression. SOX2-positive lung cancer cells exhibited a lower dissemination capacity than their SOX2-negative counterparts. Tumors expressing low SOX2 and high vimentin signature were associated with worse survival outcomes in patients with EGFR mutations. These findings provide insights into how cancer cell plasticity regulated by SOX2 and TGFβ signaling affects EGFR-TKI tolerance and lung cancer dissemination. Significance: These findings suggest the potential of SOX2 as a prognostic marker in EGFR-mutant lung cancer, as SOX2-mediated cell plasticity regulated by TGFβ stimulation and epigenetic control affects EGFR-TKI tolerance and cancer dissemination.
Disparities in end-stage kidney disease care for children: a global survey
Authors: Rowena Lalji, Anna Francis, Germaine Wong, Andrea K. Viecelli, Allison Tong, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Mignon McCulloch, Aminu K. Bello, Adeera Levin, Meaghan Lunney, Mohamed A. Osman, Feng Ye, Vivekanand Jha, John Feehally, David C. Harris, David W. Johnson
Journal: Kidney International (2020)
A Visit to Polk Institute
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Ad Libitum18 August 2020A Visit to Polk InstituteJack Coulehan, MDJack Coulehan, MDCenter for Medical Humanities, Compassionate Care, and Bioethics at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York (J.C.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M19-0936 Audio Reading - “A Visit to Polk Institute” Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “A Visit to Polk Institute” by Jack Coulehan, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail It was natural for us to visit the idiotsat Polk Institute. Though abuzzwith curiosity, we took it slowly.First, morons playing table-top gamesin the solarium bustled around us,smiling. Next, came the imbeciles'oversized faces in chairs at the footof their beds. Last, a cavernous hallof cribs with idiots in them, babiesbig enough to thicken our skinswith truth, an important precautionfor doctoring. Nothing is more natural,the idiots told us, than imperfection,and nothing is more solemn than silence.We were aliens with tanks on our backscontaining a gas that protected usfrom human feeling. We knew nothing. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Center for Medical Humanities, Compassionate Care, and Bioethics at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York (J.C.)Current Author Address: Jack Coulehan, MD; e-mail, john.[email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “A Visit to Polk Institute” Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “A Visit to Polk Institute” by Jack Coulehan, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byImplications of preexisting asthma on COVID-19 pathogenesis 18 August 2020Volume 173, Issue 4Page: 277KeywordsEmotionsGames ePublished: 18 August 2020 Issue Published: 18 August 2020 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The 10q26 Risk Haplotype of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Aggravates Subretinal Inflammation by Impairing Monocyte Elimination
Authors: Fanny Beguier, Michael Housset, Christophe Roubeix, Sebastien Augustin, Yvrick Zagar, Caroline Nous, Thibaud Mathis, Chiara Eandi, Mustapha Benchaboune, Adèle Drame-Maigné, Wassila Carpentier, Solenne Chardonnet, Sara Touhami, Guillaume Blot, Jean Baptiste Conart, Hugo Charles-Messance, Anaïs Potey, Jean-François Girmens, Michel Paques, Fréderic Blond, Thierry Leveillard, Elod Koertvely, Jerome E. Roger, José-Alain Sahel, Przemyslaw Sapieha, Cécile Delarasse, Xavier Guillonneau, Florian Sennlaub
Journal: Immunity (2020)
In vivo imaging characterization of basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous response to high-dose ionizing radiation therapy: A prospective study of reflectance confocal microscopy, dermoscopy, and ultrasonography
Authors: Cristian Navarrete-Dechent, Miguel Cordova, Konstantinos Liopyris, Saud Aleissa, Milind Rajadhyaksha, Gil'ad Cohen, Ashfaq A. Marghoob, Anthony M. Rossi, Christopher A. Barker
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Optimal length and usefulness of temporal artery biopsies in the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis: a 10-year retrospective review of medical records
Authors: Raymond Chu, Caylea Foster, Mohsin Ali, Todd Chaba, Alison H Clifford, Alfred Mahr, Jason Soo, Jan Willem Cohen Tervaert, Elaine Yacyshyn
Journal: The Lancet Rheumatology (2020)
EULAR definition of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: György Nagy, Nadia MT Roodenrijs, Paco MJ Welsing, Melinda Kedves, Attila Hamar, Marlies C van der Goes, Alison Kent, Margot Bakkers, Etienne Blaas, Ladislav Senolt, Zoltan Szekanecz, Ernest Choy, Maxime Dougados, Johannes WG Jacobs, Rinie Geenen, Hans WJ Bijlsma, Angela Zink, Daniel Aletaha, Leonard Schoneveld, Piet van Riel, Loriane Gutermann, Yeliz Prior, Elena Nikiphorou, Gianfranco Ferraccioli, Georg Schett, Kimme L Hyrich, Ulf Mueller-Ladner, Maya H Buch, Iain B McInnes, Désirée van der Heijde, Jacob M van Laar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Despite treatment according to the current management recommendations, a significant proportion of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain symptomatic. These patients can be considered to have 'difficult-to-treat RA'. However, uniform terminology and an appropriate definition are lacking.The Task Force in charge of the "Development of EULAR recommendations for the comprehensive management of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis" aims to create recommendations for this underserved patient group. Herein, we present the definition of difficult-to-treat RA, as the first step.The Steering Committee drafted a definition with suggested terminology based on an international survey among rheumatologists. This was discussed and amended by the Task Force, including rheumatologists, nurses, health professionals and patients, at a face-to-face meeting until sufficient agreement was reached (assessed through voting).The following three criteria were agreed by all Task Force members as mandatory elements of the definition of difficult-to-treat RA: (1) Treatment according to European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) recommendation and failure of ≥2 biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)/targeted synthetic DMARDs (with different mechanisms of action) after failing conventional synthetic DMARD therapy (unless contraindicated); (2) presence of at least one of the following: at least moderate disease activity; signs and/or symptoms suggestive of active disease; inability to taper glucocorticoid treatment; rapid radiographic progression; RA symptoms that are causing a reduction in quality of life; and (3) the management of signs and/or symptoms is perceived as problematic by the rheumatologist and/or the patient.The proposed EULAR definition for difficult-to-treat RA can be used in clinical practice, clinical trials and can form a basis for future research.
SAT0332 ANTIBODIES AGAINST CYTOSOLIC 5’-NUCLEOTIDASE 1A IN SPORADIC INCLUSION BODY MYOSITIS: ASSOCIATION WITH CLINICAL AND MRI FEATURES
Authors: R. Dejthevaporn, S. Shah, S. Wastling, J. Thornton, T. Yousry, J. M. Morrow, P. M. Machado
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Autoantibodies directed against cytosolic 5´-nucleotidase 1A (cN1A) have been identified in sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) and other connective tissue diseases. Anti-cN1A antibodies may support the diagnostic process for sIBM as well as potentially provide clues for disease pathogenesis. Nevertheless, the utility of anti-cN1A autoantibody testing in clinical practice remains unclear and requires validation. Objectives: To investigate the association between anti-cN1A antibody status and clinical and MRI features in patients with sIBM. Methods: Data for patients fulfilling European Neuromuscular Centre (ENMC) 2011 criteria for sIBM were obtained from a natural history study database. Demographic, clinical, functional assessment, and muscle MRI data in patients with sIBM who had anti-cN1A autoantibody testing were collected and analysed. Comparisons between subgroups with anti-cN1A antibody status were performed with the Mann-Whitney or Fisher’s exact tests, as appropriate. Results: Forty-nine patients with sIBM had anti-cN1A autoantibody testing, of whom 17 (34.7%) were positive. Twelve patients had muscle MRI performed (seropositivity=5). Demographics, disease duration at antibody testing and overall disease pattern were closely matched in antibody positive and negative cohorts. Dysphagia was more common in the seropositive subgroup (77% vs 47%, p=0.070). Antibody positive patients were more severely affected with a trend to lower IBM functional rating scale (IBMFRS) scores (22.4±8.4 vs 26.7±6.4, p=0.09) with significantly worse ability to climb stairs (0.9±0.9, 1.7±1.1, p=0.02). On T1-weighted MRI more fatty infiltration was found in seropositive patients (Mercuri score: 3.0±0.8 vs 1.7±0.7, p=0.03). Short tau inversion recovery (STIR) hyperintensity was more conspicuous in seropositive patients (STIR extent score: 2.4±0.6 vs 1.4±0.7, p=0.04). Conclusion: There was a trend for more dysphagia and severity of dysphagia in seropositive patients. Differences in upper limb involvement were not seen according to IBMFRS and Medical Research Council (MRC) strength grades. Seropositive patients were more severely affected at the lower limb level, in terms of muscle weakness, physical function, MRI fatty infiltration and muscle inflammation. These results suggest positive antibody status is associated with a worse phenotype. These results have potential implications in clinical trials: whether antibody status influences treatment response should be assessed. Disclosure of Interests: Revadee Dejthevaporn: None declared, Sachit Shah: None declared, Stephen Wastling: None declared, John Thornton: None declared, Tarek Yousry: None declared, Jasper M Morrow: None declared, Pedro M Machado Consultant of: PMM: Abbvie, Celgene, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and UCB, Speakers bureau: PMM: Abbvie, BMS, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and UCB
Sepsis and Cancer: An Interplay of Friends and Foes
Authors: Adrien Mirouse, Clara Vigneron, Jean-François Llitjos, Jean-Daniel Chiche, Jean-Paul Mira, Djamel Mokart, Elie Azoulay, Frédéric Pène
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

Sepsis and cancer share a number of pathophysiological features, and both result from the inability of the host's immune system to cope with the initial insult (tissue invasion by pathogens and malignant cell transformation, respectively). The common coexistence of both disorders and the profound related alterations in immune homeostasis raise the question of their mutual impact on each other's course. This translational review aims to discuss the interactions between cancer and sepsis supported by clinical data and the translation to experimental models. The dramatic improvement in cancer has come at a cost of increased risks of life-threatening infectious complications. Investigating the long-term outcomes of sepsis survivors has revealed an unexpected susceptibility to cancer long after discharge from the ICU. Nonetheless, it is noteworthy that an acute septic episode may harbor antitumoral properties under particular circumstances. Relevant double-hit animal models have provided clues to whether and how bacterial sepsis may impact malignant tumor growth. In sequential sepsis-then-cancer models, postseptic mice exhibited accelerated tumor growth. When using reverse cancer-then-sepsis models, bacterial sepsis applied to mice with cancer conversely resulted in inhibition or even regression of tumor growth. Experimental models thus highlight dual effects of sepsis on tumor growth, mostly depending on the sequence of insults, and allow deciphering the immune mechanisms and their relation with microorganisms.