tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Oral Food Challenge Outcomes by Food Type in a Large Pediatric Allergy Clinic
Authors: Shikha Gupta, Melissa L. Robinson, Bruce J. Lanser
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)

RATIONALE: While the majority of children who are allergic to egg, milk, or wheat enter remission before starting school, the course of the disease for schoolchildren who remain allergic has not yet been thoroughly investigated.METHODS: We enrolled children who are allergic to these foods and had attempted the 1 g oral food challenge (OFC) and compared the results of the challenge between schoolchildren and preschool children.Those who passed the challenge underwent a subsequent home challenge with a fixed dose, which was increased on an outpatient basis every two months until they achieved the goal dose.Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the results.RESULTS: In total, 359 children were enrolled, among whom 77 were schoolchildren and 282 were preschool children.The proportion of positive reactions to the 1 g OFC was significantly higher in schoolchildren (37.7% vs 12.4%, p<0.0001).The development of positive symptoms was associated with the levels of food-specific IgE and component-specific IgE.The proportion who achieved the goal dose was significantly lower (80.5% vs 91.8%, p50.03) and the proportion who developed symptoms during the protocol was significantly higher (39.0%vs 19.2%, p50.006) in schoolchildren.The development of symptoms was associated with the level of food-specific IgE and past history of severe symptoms.CONCLUSIONS: Although schoolchildren had a higher risk for a positive reaction, 80% of those who passed the 1 g OFC reached the goal dose.This demonstrates that schoolchildren should regularly undergo food challenges while bearing the risk factors in mind.
Abstract 13148: Combined Association of Conventional Cardiovascular Risk Profile and Coronary Artery Calcium Score (CAC) With Cardiovascular Risk and CAC Progression: The St Francis Heart Study
Authors: Salman Waheed, Nathaniel Reichek, Alan Guerci, Jie J Cao
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Objective: Both coronary artery calcium (CAC) and clinical risk profile (RP) predict cardiovascular (CV) risk. Little is known about the association of combined CAC and RP with risk of CV outcomes and CAC progression. Methods: We followed 1,225 asymptomatic adults from the observational arm of the St Francis Heart Study for a median of 3.9 years. Participants were categorized into four groups based on CAC and RP (using 2013 AHA guidelines for statin eligibility): group 1 (N=336) CAC&lt;80 th percentile (for age and gender), statin not indicated; group 2 (N=350) CAC&lt;80 th percentile, statin indicated; group 3 (N=209) CAC≥80 th percentile, statin not indicated and group 4 (N=330) CAC≥80 th percentile, statin indicated. We compared the risk among groups for a composite CV outcome that included non-fatal MI, coronary death, coronary revascularization, stroke and peripheral arterial revascularization. We also examined the association of groups with CAC progression at four years from baseline. Results: Mean age was 59±6 years. Those eligible for statin were older (61±5 vs 55±5 years) and more likely to be male (82% vs.51%) than those not eligible. Median [IQR] CAC was higher in statin eligible than in noneligible subjects, 0 [0-7] vs. 9 [0-54] for groups 1 and 2 and 210 [115-404] vs. 482 [257-837] for groups 3 and 4. Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) for the composite CV outcome was 6.9 (0.8-58.9), 15.2 (1.9-119.3), and 37.8 (4.8-297.2) for groups 2, 3 and 4, respectively compared to group 1. There was a higher progression of CAC from baseline to year 4 among group 3 (median: 210 to 350) and group 4 (482 to 822) compared to group 1 (0 to 3) and group 2 (9 to 16), P&lt;0.001. Conclusion: While higher CAC is associated with greater CV outcome risk and CAC progression, statin therapy eligibility is associated with a higher CV outcome risk both among those with and without elevated CAC. Our findings suggest that RP remains important and should not be overlooked when CAC testing is used.
Eroding trust in the entrusted patients
Authors: Francis P Crawley
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Repeatedly we are told that involving patients in all aspects of decision making related to their healthcare is essential: from research on new medicines and devices in the laboratory, to clinical trials, the registration of products, pricing and reimbursement, and bedside care. Nowhere do we find how to pay for this patient expertise.

Blaming the drug and medical device industries for providing resources to patient organisations to provide the competent advice that …
Outcomes by tumor location in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with regorafenib (REG): Final analysis from the prospective, observational CORRELATE study.
Authors: Michel Ducreux, Lone Nørgård Petersen, Leopold Öhler, Francesca Bergamo, Jean-Philippe Metges, Jan Willem de Groot, Chao-Yuan Wang, Beatriz García-Paredes, Emmanuelle Dochy, Sabine Fiala-Buskies, Andres Cervantes, Juan Manuel O'Connor, Alfredo Falcone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

539 Background: The anatomical location of the primary tumor has been associated with different prognosis and outcomes in mCRC. REG significantly improved overall survival (OS) versus placebo in patients with mCRC who progressed on standard therapies in phase 3 trials. We report the final results of outcomes in patients with mCRC with left-sided (L) or right-sided (R) primary tumors who were treated with REG in the real-world CORRELATE study. Methods: CORRELATE (NCT02042144) was a prospective, observational study designed to characterize the safety and effectiveness of REG in patients previously treated with approved therapies and for whom the decision to treat with REG was made by the treating physician according to the local health authority label. Patients with tumor location unknown or tumors in both regions were excluded (n = 62). OS was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: Overall, 975 patients were included in the analysis: L = 768 (79%) and R = 207 (21%). Most patients were ECOG PS 0–1 (L: 86%; R: 87%). Median time from initial diagnosis and from diagnosis of metastatic disease to REG treatment was slightly longer in L versus R tumors (34 vs 30 months and 27 vs 23 months, respectively). A higher proportion of patients with L versus R tumors, respectively, had prior radiotherapy (34% vs 15%) and a lower proportion had a partial colectomy (44% vs 75%). Both groups received a median of three prior regimens. REG treatment duration was similar in the two groups (median duration: L 2.6 months vs R 2.3 months), as was median progression-free survival (95% CI): 2.8 months (2.6, 2.9) for L tumors versus 2.7 months (2.5, 3.1) for R tumors. Median OS (95% CI) was 7.4 months (6.7, 8.0) for L tumors versus 8.2 months (6.6, 9.3) for R tumors; one-year OS rates were 32% versus 34%, respectively. Conclusions: Results from this observational study suggest that OS is similar in patients with L and R tumors treated with REG. Clinical trial information: NCT02042144.
The effect of IMRT on acute toxicity in patients with gastric cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiation.
Authors: Shalini Moningi, Jaffer A. Ajani, Brian D. Badgwell, Paul F. Mansfield, Mariela A. Blum Murphy, Naruhiko Ikoma, Jennifer Ho, Yelin Suh, Emma Brey Holliday, Joseph M. Herman, Bruce D. Minsky, Eugene Jon Koay, Albert Koong, Sunil Krishnan, Grace L. Smith, Cullen M. Taniguchi, Prajnan Das
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

153 Background: Two trials are currently investigating preoperative chemoradiation (CRT) for localized gastric adenocarcinoma. However, radiation therapy (RT) can be associated with relatively high rates of acute toxicity. Newer techniques, such as intensity modulated RT (IMRT), could reduce toxicity by reducing radiation dose to normal structures. Our goal was to compare rates of toxicity and toxicity-related events in patients treated with IMRT compared to 3D conformal RT (3DCRT). Methods: The records of 202 gastric cancer patients treated with preoperative intent RT at our institution from 1998-2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data, treatment details, acute and late toxicities (CTCAE 4.0 criteria), progression and survival data were recorded. Patients who had stage IV disease were excluded. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Cox regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival. Results: 54% were male and the median age was 63. 82 patients received 3DCRT and 120 patients received IMRT (median 45Gy, IQR, 45-45Gy in each group). 78% of patients in the 3DCRT group and 91% of patients in the IMRT group received neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to RT. 99% of patients received concurrent chemotherapy. The rate of grade 3-4 acute toxicity was significantly lower in patients treated with IMRT compared to 3DCRT (53% vs. 73%, p = 0.004). The composite rate of toxicity-related events (hospitalization, feeding tube, IV rehydration, or RT break) was also significantly lower in patients treated with IMRT compared to 3DCRT (80% vs. 91%, p = 0.031). 72% of patients who received 3DCRT and 68% of patients who received IMRT underwent subsequent surgical resection. The 3-year OS rate was 58.1% for patients receiving IMRT and 60.2% for patients receiving 3DCRT (p = 0.649). The 3-year PFS rate was 47.5% for patients receiving IMRT and 52.7% for patients receiving 3DCRT (p = 0.486). Conclusions: Our study indicates a marked reduction in the rates of grade 3-4 acute toxicity and toxicity-associated events in patients treated with IMRT compared to 3DCRT. These findings suggest that IMRT should be considered as the radiation modality in patients treated with preoperative CRT for gastric cancer.
Blockade of RGMb inhibits allergen-induced airways disease
Authors: Sanhong Yu, Krystle M. Leung, Hye-Young Kim, Sarah E. Umetsu, Yanping Xiao, Lee A. Albacker, Hyun-Jun Lee, Dale T. Umetsu, Gordon J. Freeman, Rosemarie H. DeKruyff
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)

Allergic asthma causes morbidity in many subjects, and novel precision-directed treatments would be valuable.We sought to examine the role of a novel innate molecule, repulsive guidance molecule b (RGMb), in murine models of allergic asthma.In models of allergic asthma using ovalbumin or cockroach allergen, mice were treated with anti-RGMb or control mAb and examined for airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity (AHR), a cardinal feature of asthma. The mechanisms by which RGMb causes airways disease were also examined.We found that blockade of RGMb by treatment with anti-RGMb mAb effectively blocked the development of airway inflammation and AHR. Importantly, blockade of RGMb completely blocked the development of airway inflammation and AHR, even if treatment occurred only during the challenge (effector) phase. IL-25 played an important role in these models of asthma because IL-25 receptor-deficient mice did not develop disease after sensitization and challenge with allergen. RGMb was expressed primarily by innate cells in the lungs, including bronchial epithelial cells (known producers of IL-25), activated eosinophils, and interstitial macrophages, which in the inflamed lung expressed the IL-25 receptor and produced IL-5 and IL-13. We also found that neogenin, the canonical receptor for RGMb, was expressed by interstitial macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells in the inflamed lung, suggesting that an innate RGMb-neogenin axis might modulate allergic asthma.These results demonstrate an important role for a novel innate pathway in regulating type 2 inflammation in patients with allergic asthma involving RGMb and RGMb-expressing cells, such as interstitial macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells. Moreover, targeting this previously unappreciated innate pathway might provide an important treatment option for allergic asthma.
Does Platinum-Based Chemotherapy Still Have a Role in First-Line Treatment of Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer?
Authors: Aaron Lisberg, Edward Brian Garon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

Article Tools ONCOLOGY GRAND ROUNDS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES Updated Analysis of KEYNOTE-024: Pembrolizumab Versus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer With PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score of 50% or Greater. January 08, 2019 ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.18.01534 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print January 24, 2019 PMID: 30676857 Does Platinum-Based Chemotherapy Still Have a Role in First-Line Treatment of Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer? Aaron Lisberg, MD1xAaron LisbergSearch for articles by this author and Edward Brian Garon, MD1xEdward Brian GaronSearch for articles by this author Show More 1David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.18.01534 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2019 by American Society of Clinical Oncology Companion Updated Analysis of KEYNOTE-024: Pembrolizumab Versus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer With PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score of 50% or Greater
Protection against varicella with two doses of combined measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine or one dose of monovalent varicella vaccine: 10-year follow-up of a phase 3 multicentre, observer-blind, randomised, controlled trial
Authors: Michael Povey, Ouzama Henry, Marianne A Riise Bergsaker, Roman Chlibek, Susanna Esposito, Carl-Erik Flodmark, Leif Gothefors, Sorin Man, Sven-Arne Silfverdal, Mária Štefkovičová, Vytautas Usonis, Jacek Wysocki, Paul Gillard, Roman Prymula
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2019)
The diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination for estimating cardiac index in critically ill patients: the Simple Intensive Care Studies-I
Authors: Bart Hiemstra, Geert Koster, Renske Wiersema, Yoran M. Hummel, Pim van der Harst, Harold Snieder, Ruben J. Eck, Thomas Kaufmann, Thomas W. L. Scheeren, Anders Perner, Jørn Wetterslev, Anne Marie G. A. de Smet, Frederik Keus, Iwan C. C. van der Horst
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2019)

Clinical examination is often the first step to diagnose shock and estimate cardiac index. In the Simple Intensive Care Studies-I, we assessed the association and diagnostic performance of clinical signs for estimation of cardiac index in critically ill patients. In this prospective, single-centre cohort study, we included all acutely ill patients admitted to the ICU and expected to stay > 24 h. We conducted a protocolised clinical examination of 19 clinical signs followed by critical care ultrasonography for cardiac index measurement. Clinical signs were associated with cardiac index and a low cardiac index (< 2.2 L min−1 m2) in multivariable analyses. Diagnostic test accuracies were also assessed. We included 1075 patients, of whom 783 (73%) had a validated cardiac index measurement. In multivariable regression, respiratory rate, heart rate and rhythm, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, central-to-peripheral temperature difference, and capillary refill time were statistically independently associated with cardiac index, with an overall R2 of 0.30 (98.5% CI 0.25–0.35). A low cardiac index was observed in 280 (36%) patients. Sensitivities and positive and negative predictive values were below 90% for all signs. Specificities above 90% were observed only for 110/280 patients, who had atrial fibrillation, systolic blood pressures < 90 mmHg, altered consciousness, capillary refill times > 4.5 s, or skin mottling over the knee. Seven out of 19 clinical examination findings were independently associated with cardiac index. For estimation of cardiac index, clinical examination was found to be insufficient in multivariable analyses and in diagnostic accuracy tests. Additional measurements such as critical care ultrasonography remain necessary.
Abstract 380: Impairment of Human Microvascular Function Induced by β-amyloid and Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors: Seth Truran, Nina Karamanova, Jenna Anderson, Geidy Serrano, Thomas Beach, Daniel Franco, Camelia Burciu, Peter Reaven, Raymond Migrino
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and aging-related dementia are associated with early vascular dysfunction (VD) and increased cardiovascular metabolic risk factors (CVRFs). We showed that β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) induce human leptomeningeal arteriole (LMA) endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress and peripheral adipose arterioles (AA) may be useful surrogates to assess central cerebrovascular response. It is not known whether combined Aβ and CVRFs cause synergistic VD. We tested the hypothesis that 1) Aβ and CVRFs (saturated fatty acid [palmitic acid, PA]) and hyperglycemia [HG]) induce VD and combined, would cause synergistic injury and 2) AA would parallel LMA responses. Methods: LMA were collected following rapid autopsy from brain donors. Abdominal AA were collected from volunteers without AD or vascular disease undergoing herniorrhaphies. Arterioles were pressurized. Dilator responses to acetylcholine (10 -9 -10 -4 M) and papaverine (10 -4 M) were measured at baseline and following 1-hour exposure to Aβ42 (0.5 or 2 μM), PA (150 μM), HG (33 mM), Aβ+PA or Aβ +HG. Results: See figure. When only LMA with normal baseline response were included, Aβ (0.5 and 2 μM) and PA, but not HG, showed impaired dilation to acetylcholine versus control. Conclusions: Aβ induced endothelial dysfunction in human LMA and AA and smooth muscle dysfunction in AA. Co-treatment with PA and HG did not result in additive/synergistic injury at the doses used. Similar and differential responses to Aβ±CVRFs between AA and LMA point to need for further studies to assess if peripherally obtained AA recapitulate vascular physiology of cerebrovascular arterioles sufficiently to serve as experimental surrogate.
Timing of Allergenic Food Introduction among African American and Caucasian Children with Food Allergy in the FORWARD study
Authors: Iman A. Abdikarim, Hemant P. Sharma, Jamie L. Fierstein, Jialing Jiang, Pamela J. Newmark, Crystal J. Johnson, Lucy A. Bilaver, Alexandria Bozen, Avneet S. Chadha, Jacqueline A. Pongracic, Perry A. Catlin, Amal H. Assa'ad, Aame B. Andy-Nweye, Susan R. Fox, Mahboobeh Mahdavinia, Mary C. Tobin, Ruchi S. Gupta
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Contributions of traditional and HIV-related risk factors on non-AIDS-defining cancer, myocardial infarction, and end-stage liver and renal diseases in adults with HIV in the USA and Canada: a collaboration of cohort studies
Authors: Keri N Althoff, Kelly A Gebo, Richard D Moore, Cynthia M Boyd, Amy C Justice, Cherise Wong, Gregory M Lucas, Marina B Klein, Mari M Kitahata, Heidi Crane, Michael J Silverberg, M John Gill, William Christopher Mathews, Robert Dubrow, Michael A Horberg, Charles S Rabkin, Daniel B Klein, Vincent Lo Re, Timothy R Sterling, Fidel A Desir, Kenneth Lichtenstein, James Willig, Anita R Rachlis, Gregory D Kirk, Kathryn Anastos, Frank J Palella, Jennifer E Thorne, Joseph Eron, Lisa P Jacobson, Sonia Napravnik, Chad Achenbach, Angel M Mayor, Pragna Patel, Kate Buchacz, Yuezhou Jing, Stephen J Gange
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2019)
Plus Disease in Telemedicine Approaches to Evaluating Acute-Phase ROP (e-ROP) Study: Characteristics, Predictors, and Accuracy of Image Grading
Authors: Qianqian Ellie Cheng, Ebenezer Daniel, Wei Pan, Agnieshka Baumritter, Graham E. Quinn, Gui-shuang Ying
Journal: Ophthalmology (2019)
Endothelium-Derived Semaphorin 3G Regulates Hippocampal Synaptic Structure and Plasticity via Neuropilin-2/PlexinA4
Authors: Chao Tan, Nan-Nan Lu, Cheng-Kun Wang, Dan-Yang Chen, Ning-He Sun, Hang Lyu, Jakob Körbelin, Wei-Xing Shi, Kohji Fukunaga, Ying-Mei Lu, Feng Han
Journal: Neuron (2019)
Non-pharmacological treatment with Liposomal Eye Spray Is As Effective As Antihistamine Eye Drops For The Relief Of Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis Symptoms Induced By Conjunctival Provocation Testing
Authors: Silke A. Allekotte, Anne-Nele Grzella, Sabine Schleicher, Kija Shah-Hosseini, Anatoli Astvatsatourov, Esther Raskopf, Ralph Mosges
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Abstract 14905: Intermittent Hypoxia Triggers Senescence via Activation of Renin-Angiotensin System: Implications for Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Katarzyna Polonis, Christiane Becari, Virend K Somers, Prachi Singh
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular mortality. While the role of intermittent nocturnal hypoxemia in OSA pathophysiology is recognized, its effect on adipose tissue is not clearly understood. Adipose tissue, particularly adipose tissue senescence, has been implicated in the development of cardiometabolic disorders. Whether the localized renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in adipose tissue contributes to senescence is unknown. Hypothesis: Intermittent hypoxia (IH) activates RAS, thereby mediating senescence in primary human preadipocytes (HWP). Methods: HWP were exposed to repeated cycles of 30 min-21% O2 (normoxia, NO) and 30 min-0.1% O2 for 24h (acute IH) to examine the effects on RAS protein expression by Western blot and AngII secretion by ELISA. For senescence, HWP were exposed to 9 IH cycles/day for 7 days (chronic IH) to mimic OSA. Senescence was presented as a percentage of positive cells. To examine the role of RAS in senescence, HWP...
Long-term follow-up of a phase III study of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor after autologous bone marrow transplantation for lymphoid malignancies
Authors: SN Rabinowe, D Neuberg, PJ Bierman, JM Vose, J Nemunaitis, JW Singer, AS Freedman, P Mauch, G Demetri, N Onetto
Journal: Blood (1993)
Disparate n'O IND.2' / n'O IND.3' excretion after acute arginine infusion in essential hypertension (eh) on salt restriction and overload a non-stereospecific arginine hypotensive response?
Authors: C Amaodeo, Dichtchekenian, E A Santos, Joel Cláudio Heimann, Roberto Zatz
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1996)