tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 10: Early Neuroprognostication After Refractory VF/VT Cardiac Arrest Requiring ECPR
Authors: Jason A Bartos, Lindsay Nutting, Claire Carlson, Ganesh Raveendran, Tom P Aufderheide, Demetris Yannopoulos
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) can improve survival for refractory ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest. Early prognostication will be critical to focus this resource-intensive care to patients likely to benefit. Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the efficacy of current neuroprognostication tools early in the setting of ECPR for refractory VF. Methods: Consecutive patients transported for the University of Minnesota ECPR program and surviving to hospital admission between December 2015 and May 2019 were assessed. All patients received neurologic assessment with head CT, continuous EEG, cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), biomarkers including S100B and neuron specific enolase (NSE), and neurologic exam. All patients were considered viable unless they developed refractory shock, devastating brain injury, or family requested cessation of efforts. For this analysis, patients were divided into two groups: 1) neurologically favorable survival (CPC 1-2) and 2) those who died or had CPC 3-4. Data from the first 24 hours of hospital admission were used. Results: Of 168 patients, 130 patients survived to hospital admission. Of these, 42% (54/130) survived neurologically favorable. Abnormalities on admission head CT were predictive of poor outcomes; cerebral edema was 100% specific and 30% sensitive for poor outcomes while anoxic injury provided 98% specificity and 39% sensitivity. Admission NSE levels greater than three times the upper limit of normal were predictive with 98% specificity and 26% sensitivity for poor outcome. Admission S100B was highly variable failing to discriminate patient outcome. Absence of brainstem reflexes at 24 hours had 100% specificity and 32% sensitivity. An isoelectric EEG at 24 hours had 100% specificity and 20% sensitivity. NIRS did not predict poor outcomes. When combined, ≥ 1 of the following: anoxic injury on CT, edema on CT, NSE, absence of brainstem reflexes, isoelectric EEG have a specificity of 96% and sensitivity of 67% for poor outcome. Conclusions: Neuroprognostication after 24 hours of hospital admission may be possible in the refractory VF population requiring ECPR. High specificity is possible but sensitivity is limited. Further study is needed.
Upfront FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab and reintroduction after progression versus mFOLFOX6 plus bevacizumab followed by FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab in the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (TRIBE2): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised, controlled trial
Authors: Chiara Cremolini, Carlotta Antoniotti, Daniele Rossini, Sara Lonardi, Fotios Loupakis, Filippo Pietrantonio, Roberto Bordonaro, Tiziana Pia Latiano, Emiliano Tamburini, Daniele Santini, Alessandro Passardi, Federica Marmorino, Roberta Grande, Giuseppe Aprile, Alberto Zaniboni, Sabina Murgioni, Cristina Granetto, Angela Buonadonna, Roberto Moretto, Salvatore Corallo, Stefano Cordio, Lorenzo Antonuzzo, Gianluca Tomasello, Gianluca Masi, Monica Ronzoni, Samantha Di Donato, Chiara Carlomagno, Matteo Clavarezza, Giuliana Ritorto, Andrea Mambrini, Mario Roselli, Samanta Cupini, Serafina Mammoliti, Elisabetta Fenocchio, Enrichetta Corgna, Vittorina Zagonel, Gabriella Fontanini, Clara Ugolini, Luca Boni, Alfredo Falcone, Alfredo Falcone, Sara Lonardi, Filippo Guglielmo Maria De Braud, Roberto Bordonaro, Evaristo Maiello, Emiliano Tamburini, Daniele Santini, Giovanni Luca Frassineti, Teresa Gamucci, Giuseppe Aprile, Alberto Zaniboni, Cristina Granetto, Angela Buonadonna, Francesco Di Costanzo, Gianluca Tomasello, Luca Gianni, Samantha Di Donato, Chiara Carlomagno, Matteo Clavarezza, Patrizia Racca, Andrea Mambrini, Mario Roselli, Giacomo Allegrini, Alberto Sobrero, Massimo Aglietta, Enrichetta Corgna, Enrico Cortesi, Domenico Cristiano Corsi, Alberto Ballestrero, Andrea Bonetti, Francesco Di Clemente, Enzo Ruggeri, Fortunato Ciardiello, Marco Benasso, Stefano Vitello, Saverio Cinieri, Stefania Mosconi, Nicola Silvestris, Antonio Frassoldati, Samantha Cupini, Alessandro Bertolini, Giampaolo Tortora, Carmelo Bengala, Daris Ferrari, Antonia Ardizzoia, Carlo Milandri, Silvana Chiara, Gianpiero Romano, Stefania Miraglia, Laura Scaltriti, Francesca Pucci, Livio Blasi, Silvia Brugnatelli, Luisa Fioretto, Angela Stefania Ribecco, Raffaella Longarini, Michela Frisinghelli, Maria Banzi
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2020)
Abstract 18: Gut Microbiome Modifies the Protective Effects of a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Against Diabetes Mellitus in US Hispanics/ Latinos: The Hispanic Community Health Study/ Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Authors: Dong Wang, Qibin Qi, Zheng Wang, Mykhaylo Usyk, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Josiemer Mattei, Martha Tamez, Marc Gellman, Martha L DAVIGLUS, Frank B Hu, Rob Knight, Robert Burk, Robert Kaplan
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Little is known about whether the effect of a healthy diet on diabetes mellitus (DM) is modified by the gut microbiome in human. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that the gut microbiome modifies the inverse association between the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and risk of DM. Methods: This study included 543 DM cases, 805 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 394 with normal glucose regulation (NGR) in adults 23-83yrs old from the HCHS/SOL. Fecal samples were profiled using 16s rRNA gene sequencing. We applied QIIME 2 to cluster sequences into OTUs and assign taxonomies, and PICRUSt to predict metagenomic gene functions. Adherence to the MedDiet was evaluated by a MedDiet index using the average of two 24-hr dietary recalls. We applied MaAsLin2 to quantify associations between the MedDiet index and microbial features with adjustment for confounding factors listed in the caption of Fig. 1. Results: MedDiet was associated with phylogenetically diverse, rare, and abundant gut microbes (Fig. 1a). For example, a higher MedDiet index was associated with a higher relative abundance of Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii [FDR-adjusted p (q) =0.002], but a lower relative abundance of Collinsella aerofaciens ( q =0.009). We found that several microbial functions related to plant-derived polysaccharide degradation such as fructuronate reductase ( q =0.02), and short-chain fatty acid fermentation such as butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase ( q =0.002) were enriched in participants with higher MedDiet index. We found that the inverse association between MedDiet and risk of DM was more pronounced in participants with greater abundance of Prevotella copri , but weaker in participants whose gut microbial communities were dominated by Bacteroides ( P interaction =0.02 for IGT/DM vs NGR, Fig. 1b). Conclusions: Adherence to the MedDiet is associated with diverse gut microorganisms and microbial functions. The inverse association between MedDiet and risk of DM might be modified by gut microbiome composition. 1
Changes in the prevalence of vaping and smoking among youth in Canada, England and the United States: repeat national cross-sectional surveys
Authors: David Hammond, Jessica Reid, Vicki Rynard, Geoffrey T Fong, K Michael Cummings, Ann Denise McNeill, Sara Christine Brenda Hitchman, James F Thrasher, Maciej L. Goniewicz, Maansi Bansal-Travers, Richard J O'Connor, David T. Levy, Ron Borland, Christine M. White
Journal: BMJ (2019)
Natural history of diarrhea associated with the anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibody CP-675,206
Authors: S. Antonia, J. Sosman, J. M. Kirkwood, B. Redman, T. F. Gajewski, D. Pavlov, C. Bulanhagui, L. H. Camacho, A. Ribas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

3038 Background: Diarrhea resulting from immune activation has been associated with CTLA4 blockade. For example, in patients (pts) with stage IV melanoma receiving ipilimumab (MDX-010), a number of pts developed grade 3/4 autoimmune enterocolitis and severe diarrhea (Attia et al, 2005). In a single-dose phase I trial of CP-675,206 at doses up to 15 mg/kg in pts with solid tumors (n = 39), 9 instances of diarrhea were reported including 3 grade 3 events (Ribas et al, 2005). The incidence and severity of diarrhea was assessed in pts receiving CP- 675,206 in a large phase I/II study. Methods: An open-label phase I/II trial of CP-675,206 was conducted in pts with stage III (unresectable) or stage IV melanoma and an ECOG PS = 1. Diarrhea was assessed in pts treated at the phase II doses: 10 mg/kg monthly (Q1M) in phase I (n = 22), or 10 mg/kg Q1M (n = 44) or 15 mg/kg every 3 months (Q3M, n = 45) in phase II. Results: Medians of 3.5 doses (range, 1 to 18) at 10 mg/kg Q1M in phase I, 3 doses (range, 1 to 26) at 10 mg/kg Q1M in phase II, and 1 dose (range, 1 to 9) at 15 mg/kg Q3M were administered with 100% dose compliance. Treatment-related diarrhea was reported by 43 (39%) of 111 pts, and grade 3 diarrhea occurred in 14 (13%) pts. One patient had grade 4 colitis resulting in a colectomy. Diarrhea (all grades) occurred with similar frequency in each dose group; however, grade 3 treatment-related diarrhea occurred in 8% of pts treated with 15 mg/kg Q3M compared with 18% of pts treated with 10 mg/kg Q1M in phase I and 14% of pts treated with 10 mg/kg Q1M in phase II. Among 9 pts with an objective response, 8 experienced diarrhea (3 of which were grade 3). The majority of cases (65%) were mild to moderate in severity with a median time to onset of 51 days (range, 1 to 583 days) and resolution of 8 days (range, 1 to 182 days). More than half of pts who reported serious events of diarrhea were treated with steroids. Conclusions: Diarrhea associated with CP-675,206 was primarily mild to moderate in severity, transient, and manageable. In addition, 15 mg/kg Q3M may be better tolerated than 10 mg/kg Q1M. Ongoing clinical trials in pts with advanced melanoma will provide further information about the incidence, severity, and optimal management of diarrhea associated with CP-675,206. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Phase 2 study of talabostat/gemcitabine in Stage IV pancreatic cancer
Authors: F. W. Nugent, C. Cunningham, M. A. Barve, W. Fisher, H. Patel, E. Meiri, Y. V. Oza, Z. Yang, E. C. Jurkowski, M. J. Uprichard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4616 Background: Talabostat is an oral small molecule inhibitor of fibroblast activation protein (FAP), a stromal enzyme with collagenase and dipeptidyl peptidase activity. Talabostat also upregulates cytokine and chemokine production, resulting in immune stimulation. Talabostat is active in pancreatic tumor xenograft models and enhances the activity of gemcitabine in mice. Therefore, a clinical trial in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer was initiated. Methods: Open-label, single-arm, Phase 2 study in 60 evaluable patients with Stage IV pancreatic cancer. Study treatment is administered in 4 x 4-week cycles; gemcitabine 1g/m 2 weekly for 4 weeks in Cycle 1, then once weekly for 3 of 4 weeks. Talabostat 200mcg tablets are given BID for 6 days following each gemcitabine infusion; dose-escalation to 300mcg BID is allowed post-Cycle 1. Either agent alone or in combination can be continued beyond 4 cycles depending on tolerability. Eligible patients have measureable Stage IV pancreatic adenocarcinoma (per RECIST) are chemotherapy-naive, have a KPS ≥50, no CNS metastases, transaminases &lt; 3 X ULN, and total bilirubin &lt; 1.5 X ULN. Primary endpoint is 6-month survival with secondary endpoints of overall survival, PFS, pain, and quality-of-life. Tumor response or PD is assessed per RECIST. Results: As of the cut-off date, 46 patients (30 men, 16 women, median age 66 [range 43–88 years]) have received study treatment. Most patients (76%) were Stage IV at original diagnosis, and 72% have a KPS of 80 or higher. Ten of 21 evaluable patients treated as of June 30, 2006 meet 6-month survival. Median overall survival is currently estimated at 4.8 months (95% CI: 2.9, NE) in all 46 patients, and median PFS at 3.5 months (95% CI: 2.0, 4.9). Tumor responses have been reported in 3 patients: one CR and 2 PRs. Pain and QOL have not yet been analyzed. AEs are consistent with those of gemcitabine, with the exception of edema in 28.3% of patients. Grade 3 anemia, neutropenia, hyponatremia hyperbilirubinemia, and increased alk phos are reported in 2 patients each. No Grade 4 AEs have been reported in more than one patient. Conclusions: Talabostat/gemcitabine shows activity in metastatic pancreatic cancer and can be safety administered. Enrollment completed in early January 2007, and final results will be presented at the annual meeting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Impact of intravenous and subcutaneous immunoglobulins on false positivity of galactomannan and β-D-glucan antigenaemia and detection of circulating Aspergillus fumigatus DNA
Authors: M.-E. Bougnoux, C. Angebault, O. Paccoud, H. Coignard, F. Lanternier, O. Lortholary
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)
Strain ST-T Change on the 12-lead ECG Reflects Subendocardial Dysfunction: Demonstration by 2-dimensional Speckle Tracking Imaging | Article Information | J-GLOBAL
Authors: Nakai Hiromi, Takeuchi Masaaki, Kokumai Michiko, Nishikage Tomoko, Nagakura Toshiki, Ohtani Shinichiro
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Abstract P392: Nocturia Frequency As A Novel Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factor
Authors: Michael A Grandner
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Nocturia causes sleep disturbances and is more common as people age. Therefore, it often overlaps with cardiometabolic risk factors. However, relationships between nocturia frequency and cardiometabolic risk as not been explored, over and above covariates such as age, sex, sleep duration, etc. Methods: Data from the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was used. Nocturia was coded as 0 times/night, 1 time/night, 2-3 times/night, and 4-5+ times/night. Cardiometabolic disease risk factors examined included history of hypertension, taking antihypertensive medication, history of hypercholesterolemia, taking cholesterol-lowering drugs, diabetes, obesity, smoking, and poor diet. Covariates included age sex, education, race/ethnicity, income-poverty ratio, and habitual sleep duration category (very short, short, normal, and long). Logistic regression analyses were analyzed using NHANES sampling weights. Results: In adjusted analyses, the highest category of nocturia (4-5+ times per night) was associated with increased likelihood of hypertension (OR=2.12, 95%CI [1.34,3.38], p=0.001), antihypertensive medication (OR=2.52, 95%CI [1.56,4.09], p&lt;0.0005), diabetes (OR=3.44, 95%CI [2.09,5.68], p&lt;0.0005), hypercholesterolemia (OR=1.81, 95%CI [1.18,2.75], p=0.006), cholesterol-lowering medication (OR=2.25, 95%CI [1.38,3.68], p=0.001), poor diet (OR=2.17, 95%CI [1.41,3.34], p&lt;0.0005), and obesity (OR=2.16, 95%CI [1.40,3.32], p&lt;0.0005), but not smoking. Nocturia 2-3 times per night was also associated with increased likelihood of antihypertensive use (OR=1.40, 95%CI [1.04,1.88], p=0.025), diabetes (OR=1.85, 95%CI [1.27,2.71], p=0.001), hypercholesterolemia (OR=1.43, 95%CI [1.09,1.88], p=0.010), cholesterol-lowering medications (OR=1.81, 95%CI [1.31,2.51], p&lt;0.0005), and obesity (OR=1.52,95%CI [1.18,1.96], p=0.001). When obesity was added as a covariate, significant relationships were still seen for hypertension, antihypertensive medication, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, cholesterol-lowering medications, and poor diet. Conclusions: Frequent nocturia is associated with a wide range of cardiometabolic risk factors, after adjusting for age, sleep duration, and a wide range of other potential factors, as well as obesity. Complaints of nocturia might be considered an independent risk factor. Mechanisms, such as sleep fragmentation, should be explored.
Therapeutic radiation for breast cancer in BRCA mutation carriers and contralateral breast cancer (CBC) risk
Authors: H. C. Moore, R. Wesolowski, T. K. Choueiri, L. Rybicki, A. G. Shealy, G. Casey, D. Weng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

611 Background: BRCA mutation carriers diagnosed with breast cancer are at high risk for contralateral second primary breast cancers. Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 lead to defects in DNA repair. Radiation treatment for breast cancer is felt to increase risk of CBC, but the interaction between BRCA status and local radiation therapy with respect to their effects on CBC is unclear. Methods: Through an IRB approved database registry at the Cleveland Clinic, breast cancer patients tested for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations were identified and evaluated for CBC events and radiation treatment history. Patients with inadequate clinical follow-up, those with bilateral synchronous breast cancer and those undergoing bilateral mastectomy within one year of the original breast cancer diagnosis were excluded from the analysis. Chi-square test was used to compare CBC rates with or without prior radiation separately in patients testing positive and those testing negative for BRCA mutations. Results: Of 115 identified breast cancer patients tested for BRCA mutations, 57 met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-one carried BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations and 36 tested negative for these mutations. Median follow-up for the two groups was 69.5 months (92 months in BRCA positive group and 51.5 months in BRCA negative group). Median age at diagnosis was 45 years (41 years in BRCA positive group and 48.5 in BRCA negative group). Among the 21 carriers, 9 patients (43%) developed CBC while only 3 of 36 patients (8%) testing negative for BRCA mutations developed CBC. Thirteen of 21 mutation carriers (62%) had received radiation treatment for the original cancer: CBC occurred in 3 of 13 (23%) radiated patients and 6 of 8 (75%) patients who had not received radiation (p= 0.02). Among 36 patients with negative BRCA testing, 30 (83%) had received radiation: CBC occurred in 3 of 30 (10%) mutation negative patients who had received prior radiation and in 0 of the 6 patients who had not received radiation (p = 0.42). Conclusions: CBC incidence was higher among BRCA mutation carriers than a control group suspected of having hereditary breast cancer but testing negative for these mutations. The use of radiation in the presence of a BRCA mutation, however, does not appear to further increase the risk for CBC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Associations between stopping prescriptions for opioids, length of opioid treatment, and overdose or suicide deaths in US veterans: observational evaluation
Authors: Elizabeth M Oliva, Thomas Bowe, Ajay Manhapra, Stefan Kertesz, Jennifer M Hah, Patricia Henderson, Amy Robinson, Meenah Paik, Friedhelm Sandbrink, Adam J Gordon, Jodie A Trafton
Journal: BMJ (2020)

To examine the associations between stopping treatment with opioids, length of treatment, and death from overdose or suicide in the Veterans Health Administration.Observational evaluation.Veterans Health Administration.1 394 102 patients in the Veterans Health Administration with an outpatient prescription for an opioid analgesic from fiscal year 2013 to the end of fiscal year 2014 (1 October 2012 to 30 September 2014).A multivariable Cox non-proportional hazards regression model examined death from overdose or suicide, with the interaction of time varying opioid cessation by length of treatment (≤30, 31-90, 91-400, and >400 days) as the main covariates. Stopping treatment with opioids was measured as the time when a patient was estimated to have no prescription for opioids, up to the end of the next fiscal year (2014) or the patient's death.2887 deaths from overdose or suicide were found. The incidence of stopping opioid treatment was 57.4% (n=799 668) overall, and based on length of opioid treatment was 32.0% (≤30 days), 8.7% (31-90 days), 22.7% (91-400 days), and 36.6% (>400 days). The interaction between stopping treatment with opioids and length of treatment was significant (P<0.001); stopping treatment was associated with an increased risk of death from overdose or suicide regardless of the length of treatment, with the risk increasing the longer patients were treated. Hazard ratios for patients who stopped opioid treatment (with reference values for all other covariates) were 1.67 (≤30 days), 2.80 (31-90 days), 3.95 (91-400 days), and 6.77 (>400 days). Descriptive life table data suggested that death rates for overdose or suicide increased immediately after starting or stopping treatment with opioids, with the incidence decreasing over about three to 12 months.Patients were at greater risk of death from overdose or suicide after stopping opioid treatment, with an increase in the risk the longer patients had been treated before stopping. Descriptive data suggested that starting treatment with opioids was also a risk period. Strategies to mitigate the risk in these periods are not currently a focus of guidelines for long term use of opioids. The associations observed cannot be assumed to be causal; the context in which opioid prescriptions were started and stopped might contribute to risk and was not investigated. Safer prescribing of opioids should take a broader view on patient safety and mitigate the risk from the patient's perspective. Factors to address are those that place patients at risk for overdose or suicide after beginning and stopping opioid treatment, especially in the first three months.
Ribociclib + Fulvestrant in hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer : MONALEESA-3 biomarker analyses
Authors: P. Neven, K. Petrakova, G.V. Bianchi, L. De La Cruz Merino, Guy Jerusalem, J.T. Beck, G.S. Sonke, S. Chia, S. Brucker, Y. Wang, W. He, K. Rodriguez Lorenc, F. Su, S-A. Im
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Statins may reduce disease recurrence in patients with ulcerated primary melanoma
Authors: L.A. Schuckmann, K. Khosrotehrani, R. Ghiasvand, M.C.B. Hughes, J.C. Pols, M. Malt, B.M. Smithers, A.C. Green
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Statins may restrict the cellular functions required for melanoma growth and metastasis.To determine whether long-term statin use commenced before diagnosis of a primary melanoma is associated with reduced risk of melanoma recurrence.We prospectively followed a cohort of patients newly diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 with localized tumour-stage T1b to T4b melanoma in Queensland, Australia. We used Cox regression analyses to examine associations between long-term statin use and melanoma recurrence for the entire cohort, and then separately by sex and by presence of ulceration, due to evidence of effect modification.Among 700 patients diagnosed with stage T1b to T4b primary melanoma (mean age 62 years, 59% male, 28% with ulcerated tumours), 94 patients (13%) developed melanoma recurrence within 2 years. Long-term statin users (n = 204, 29%) had a significantly lower risk of disease recurrence than nonusers [adjusted hazard ratio (HRadj ) 0·55, 95% confidence Interval (CI) 0·32-0·97] regardless of statin subtype or potency. Compared with nonusers of statins, risk of recurrence was significantly decreased in male statin users (HRadj 0·39, 95% CI 0·19-0·79) but not in female statin users (HRadj 0·82, 95% CI 0·29-2·27) and in statin users with ulcerated (HRadj 0·17, 95% CI 0·05-0·52) but not nonulcerated (HRadj 0·91, 95% CI 0·46-1·81) primary melanoma.Statins commenced before melanoma diagnosis may reduce the risk of melanoma recurrence, especially in men and in those with ulcerated tumours. Clinical trial evaluation of the potential role of statins in improving the prognosis of high-risk melanoma is warranted.
MIG(CXCL9)ケモカイン遺伝子療法と抗体-サイトカイン融合蛋白質の併用はマウス結腸癌の増殖と播種を抑制する
Authors: Ruehlmann J M, Xiang R, Niethammer A G, Ba Y, Pertl U, Dolman C S, Gillies S D, Reisfeld R A
Journal: Cancer Research (2001)
Clinical progression of patients with COVID-19 in Shanghai, China
Authors: Jun Chen, Tangkai Qi, Li Liu, Yun Ling, Zhiping Qian, Tao Li, Feng Li, Qingnian Xu, Yuyi Zhang, Shuibao Xu, Zhigang Song, Yigang Zeng, Yinzhong Shen, Yuxin Shi, Tongyu Zhu, Hongzhou Lu
Journal: Journal of Infection (2020)