tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY OF COLONOSCOPY REPORTS OVER A YEAR AS PART OF THE COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING PROGRAM IN THE FRENCH DEPARTMENT OF FINISTERE
Authors: C Noel, J Jezequel, F Cholet, F Bommelaere, S Bouzeloc, M Cariou, JB Nousbaum, M Robaszkiewicz
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

To carry out a qualitative analysis of the colonoscopy reports (CR) established in individuals examined for a positive FIT in Finistere during year 2016. This study was based on the ESGE quality indicators for colonoscopy.
Возможности диагностики и лапароскопических методов лечения грыж пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы
Authors: V.M. Ratchik, N.V. Prolom, S.O. Tarabarov, H.V. Khokhlenko, O.O. Halinskyi
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2019)

Цель исследования: оценка диагностических возможностей и результатов хирургического лечения больных с грыжами пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы (ГПОД). Материалы и методы. В отделении хирургии органов пищеварения ГУ «Институт гастроэнтерологии НАМН Украины» за период с 2013 по 2018 год лапароскопические вмешательства по поводу грыж пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы и гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни были выполнены у 119 пациентов. Результаты. Среди оперированных пациентов у 101 (84,9 %) был установлен диагноз «аксиальная ГПОД (тип І)», у 14 (11,8 %) — «параэзофагеальная ГПОД (тип II)», «смешанная ГПОД с укороченным пищеводом (тип III)» — у 4 (3,4 %). Крурорафия выполнена у 100 % пациентов: задняя — у 67 (56,3 %) пациентов, передняя и задняя — у 36 (30,3 %), у 16 (13,4 %) пациентов — сочетанная и аллопластика. Выполнены лапароскопические фундопликации: фундопликация по Нис­сену — у 96 (80,7 %) пациентов, фундопликация по Тупе — у 12 (10,1 %), фундопликация по Дору — у 11 (9,2 %) пациентов. Фундодиафрагмопексия выполнена у 87 (73,1 %). Летальных исходов после оперативных вмешательств не было. Выводы. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о высокой эффективности лапароскопических методов в хирургическом лечении пациентов с ГПОД, хорошо переносятся пациентами и характеризуются небольшим процентом интраоперационных и отсутствием послеоперационных осложнений, что позволяет признать их операциями выбора в лечении данной патологии.
Apport de l'écho-endoscopie rectale dans la prédiction du type de chirurgie de l'endométriose
Authors: V Desplats, RL Vitte, A D'alessandro, M Rompteaux, J Du Cheyron, G Roseau, A Fauconnier, F Moryoussef
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

L'endométriose est une maladie sous-diagnostiquée dont la localisations recto- sigmoïdienne peut être responsable de symptômes digestifs non spécifiques (douleurs abdominales, troubles du transit, dyschésie et rectorragies). Deux approches chirurgicales existent: la résection recto-sigmoïdienne (pastille ou résection segmentaire) et la dissection intra-musculeuse (shaving). L'objectif de cette étude était d'évaluer si les données apportées par l'écho-endoscopie rectale (EER) pouvaient prédire le type de geste chirurgical.
SUCCESSFUL REPAIR OF WIDE TRAUMATIC RECTAL PERFORATION USING OVER-THE-SCOPE CLIP (OTSC)
Authors: M Manno, S Deiana, T Gabbani, V Mirante, P Soriani
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

The over-the-scope clip (OTSC, Ovesco Endoscopy GmbH, Tübingen, Germany), designed for tissue approximation, is already recommended as first-line endoscopic treatment for endoscopic acute iatrogenic perforation [1].
Resistance proportions for eight priority antibiotic-bacterium combinations in OECD, EU/EEA and G20 countries 2000 to 2030: a modelling study
Authors: Tiago Cravo Oliveira Hashiguchi, Driss Ait Ouakrim, Michael Padget, Alessandro Cassini, Michele Cecchini
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2019)

BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance is widely considered an urgent global health issue due to associated mortality and disability, societal and healthcare costs.AimTo estimate the past, current and projected future proportion of infections resistant to treatment for eight priority antibiotic-bacterium combinations from 2000 to 2030 for 52 countries.MethodsWe collated data from a variety of sources including ResistanceMap and World Bank. Feature selection algorithms and multiple imputation were used to produce a complete historical dataset. Forecasts were derived from an ensemble of three models: exponential smoothing, linear regression and random forest. The latter two were informed by projections of antibiotic consumption, out-of-pocket medical spending, populations aged 64 years and older and under 15 years and real gross domestic product. We incorporated three types of uncertainty, producing 150 estimates for each country-antibiotic-bacterium-year.ResultsAverage resistance proportions across antibiotic-bacterium combinations could grow moderately from 17% to 18% within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; growth in 64% of uncertainty sets), from 18% to 19% in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA; growth in 87% of uncertainty sets) and from 29% to 31% in Group of Twenty (G20) countries (growth in 62% of uncertainty sets) between 2015 and 2030. There is broad heterogeneity in levels and rates of change across countries and antibiotic-bacterium combinations from 2000 to 2030.ConclusionIf current trends continue, resistance proportions are projected to marginally increase in the coming years. The estimates indicate there is significant heterogeneity in resistance proportions across countries and antibiotic-bacterium combinations.
Correction to: Sunitinib administered on 2/1 schedule in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: the RAINBOW analysis
Authors: S. Bracarda, R. Iacovelli, L. Boni, M. Rizzo, L. Derosa, M. Rossi, L. Galli, G. Procopio, M. Sisani, F. Longo, M. Santoni, F. Morelli, G. Di Lorenzo, A. Altavilla, C. Porta, A. Camerini, B. Escudier
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Transketolase Deficiency Protects the Liver from DNA Damage by Increasing Levels of Ribose 5-Phosphate and Nucleotides
Authors: Minle Li, Ying Lu, Yakui Li, Lingfeng Tong, Xiao-chuan Gu, Jian Meng, Yemin Zhu, Lifang Wu, Ming Feng, Na Tian, Ping Zhang, Tianle Xu, Shu-Hai Lin, Xuemei Tong
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract De novo nucleotide biosynthesis is essential for maintaining cellular nucleotide pools, the suppression of which leads to genome instability. The metabolic enzyme transketolase (TKT) in the nonoxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) regulates ribose 5-phosphate (R5P) levels and de novo nucleotide biosynthesis. TKT is required for maintaining cell proliferation in human liver cancer cell lines, yet the role of TKT in liver injury and cancer initiation remains to be elucidated. In this study, we generated a liver-specific TKT knockout mouse strain by crossing TKTflox/flox mice with albumin-Cre mice. Loss of TKT in hepatocytes protected the liver from diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced DNA damage without altering DEN metabolism. DEN treatment of TKT-null liver increased levels of R5P and promoted de novo nucleotide synthesis. More importantly, supplementation of dNTPs in primary hepatocytes alleviated DEN-induced DNA damage, cell death, inflammatory response, and cell proliferation. Furthermore, DEN and high-fat diet (HFD)–induced liver carcinogenesis was reduced in TKTflox/floxAlb-Cre mice compared with control littermates. Mechanistically, loss of TKT in the liver increased apoptosis, reduced cell proliferation, decreased TNFα, IL6, and STAT3 levels, and alleviated DEN/HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Together, our data identify a key role for TKT in promoting genome instability during liver injury and tumor initiation. Significance: These findings identify transketolase as a novel metabolic target to maintain genome stability and reduce liver carcinogenesis.
New Phenotypes for Sepsis
Authors: William A. Knaus, Richard D. Marks
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 13722: Sex-Related Differences in the Yield of Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MPI) in Patients Referred from the Emergency Department (ED) after Serial Negative Troponins
Authors: Paul C Cremer, Shaden Khalaf, Ellen Mayer Sabik, Venu Menon, Manuel Cerqueira, Wael Jaber
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Women with possible ACS can present with atypical symptoms and are often referred for routine provocative testing, though the yield of testing is uncertain. Methods: We identified con...
Artificial Intelligence in Health Care
Authors: Ezekiel J. Emanuel, Robert M. Wachter
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Functional Relevance of Von Willebrand Factor in Mouse Model of Hepatic Ischemia- Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Yasuyuki Urisono, Hideto Matsui, Shogo Kasuda, Shiro Ono, Kenji Nishio, Masashi Akiyama, Toshiyuki Miyata, Kazuo Okuchi, Mitsuhiko Sugimoto
Journal: Blood (2016)
EUS GUIDED VERSUS ERCP GUIDED BILIARY DRAINAGE FOR PRIMARY PALLIATION OF MALIGNANT BILIARY STRICTURES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: A Tringali, E Stasi, M Cintolo, F Pugliese, L Dioscoridi, E Forti, M Mutignani, DG Adler
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

EUS guided biliary drainage (EU-BD) has emerged as an alternative treatment for Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTH-BD) when ERCP fails. EUS-BD has some theoretical advantages over ERCP-BD because it avoids the traumatism of the papilla and allows drainage when the papilla is not reachable. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the role of EUS-BD compared to ERCP-BD in patients with malignant biliary strictures.
Association Between Statin Use and Risk of Dementia After a Concussion
Authors: Donald A. Redelmeier, Fizza Manzoor, Deva Thiruchelvam
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> Concussions are an acute injury that may lead to chronic disability, while statin use might improve neurologic recovery. <h3>Objective</h3> To test whether statin use is associated with an increased or decreased risk of subsequent dementia after a concussion. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Large extended population-based double cohort study in Ontario, Canada, from April 1, 1993, to April 1, 2013 (enrollment), and continued until March 31, 2016 (follow-up). Dates of analysis were April 28, 2014, through March 21, 2019. Participants were older adults diagnosed as having a concussion, excluding severe cases resulting in hospitalization, individuals with a prior diagnosis of dementia or delirium, and those who died within 90 days. <h3>Exposure</h3> Statin prescription within 90 days after a concussion. <h3>Main Outcome and Measure</h3> Long-term incidence of dementia. <h3>Results</h3> This study identified 28 815 patients diagnosed as having a concussion (median age, 76 years; 61.3% female), of whom 7058 (24.5%) received a statin, and 21 757 (75.5%) did not receive a statin. A total of 4727 patients subsequently developed dementia over a mean follow-up of 3.9 years, equal to an incidence of 1 case per 6 patients. Patients who received a statin had a 13% reduced risk of dementia compared with patients who did not receive a statin (relative risk, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.81-0.93;<i>P</i> &lt; .001). The decreased risk of dementia associated with statin use applied to diverse patient groups, remained independent of other cardiovascular medication use, intensified over time, was distinct from the risk of subsequent depression, and was not observed in patients after an ankle sprain. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this study, older adults had a substantial long-term risk of dementia after a concussion, which was associated with a modest reduction among patients receiving a statin.
Thyroid Cancer Bone Metastasis
Authors: Jessica D. Kondraciuk, Samuel L. Rice, Xiaosun Zhou, Karem Gharzeddine, Andrea Knezevic, Daniel E. Spratt, Mona Sabra, Steven M. Larson, Ravinder K. Grewal, Joseph R. Osborne
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

Purpose Bone metastasis (BM) in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the second most common site of metastasis after lung. Bone metastases are associated with worse prognosis in DTC. In this study, we examined risk factors for overall survival in patients with BM and for the first time explore the pattern of genomic alterations in DTC BM. Patients and Methods A Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) compliant, institutional review board–approved retrospective evaluation of the medical record was performed for all patients treated at a single institution for thyroid cancer over a 16-year period. Seventy-four patients met inclusion criteria. Multiple prognostic factors including age, sex, genes, radioactive iodine, and radiation or kinase inhibitor therapies were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results Treatment with external beam radiation was found to significantly increase survival ( P = 0.03). The 5-year survival rate was 59% and median survival was 92 months. Patients who developed bone metastasis earlier tend to live longer ( P = 0.06). The presence of TERT and BRAF mutations did not significantly worsen the prognosis ( P = 0.10). Conclusion Patients with DTC can benefit from early treatment with external beam radiation therapy, especially those who develop bone metastasis within 3 years of primary TC diagnosis. Kinase inhibitor treatment tended to prolong survival but not in a statistically significant manner. Sex, age, and TERT or BRAF genetic mutations did not significantly affect the prognosis.
Pool Chemical Injuries in Public and Residential Settings — United States, 2008–2017, and New York, 2018
Authors: Kayla L. Vanden Esschert, Tadesse Haileyesus, Amanda L. Tarrier, Michelle A. Donovan, Gary T. Garofalo, Joseph P. Laco, Vincent R. Hill, Michele C. Hlavsa
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2019)

This year's Healthy and Safe Swimming Week theme, "Pool Chemistry for Healthy and Safe Swimming," focuses on preventing pool chemical injuries.Pool chemicals prevent the spread of germs that cause illnesses and disease outbreaks; however, these same chemicals can cause injuries if mishandled.Each year, an estimated 3,000-5,000 emergency department visits caused by pool chemical injuries (e.g., poisonings from inhalation or ingestion of pool chemicals and dermatitis or conjunctivitis from pool chemical splashes) occur in the United States.This issue of MMWR includes a report focusing on pool chemical injuries leading to U.S. emergency department visits during 2008-2017 and a 2018 toxic chlorine gas incident in New York (1).Following product label directions, wearing proper safety equipment (e.g., respirator or goggles) when handling chemicals, and keeping chemicals out of the reach of children and teens can help prevent these injuries.CDC's Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC; https:// www.cdc.gov/mahc) is a set of recommendations that can be voluntarily adopted by state and local jurisdictions to help prevent pool chemical injuries, disease outbreaks, and drowning associated with public treated recreational water venues (e.g., pools, hot tubs/spas, and water playgrounds at hotels and apartment complexes).Swimmers can help by showering before getting in the water, never urinating or defecating in the water, and taking young children on bathroom breaks or checking their diapers every hour.CDC updates the MAHC every 3 years in coordination with the Council for the MAHC (https://www.cmahc.org/).CDC encourages public health officials to submit MAHC change requests to CMAHC by January 6, 2020, (https://www.cmahc.org/enter-change-request.php) to be considered for the 2021 MAHC (4th edition).
Galectin-1 inhibition induces cell apoptosis through dual suppression of CXCR4 and Ras pathways in human malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors
Authors: Tsung-Chieh Shih, Yunpeng Fan, Sophie Kiss, Xiaocen Li, Xiaojun Nicole Deng, Ruiwu Liu, Xiao-Jia Chen, Randy Carney, Amanda Chen, Paramita M Ghosh, Kit S Lam
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

The Ras signaling pathway is commonly dysregulated in human malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). It is well known that galectin-1 (Gal-1) is essential to stabilize membrane Ras and thereby induce the activation of Ras. However, the role of Gal-1 in MPNST progression remains unknown. The aim of this study was to examine whether Gal-1 knockdown could have an effect on the Ras signaling pathway.Cell viability, apoptosis assay, and colony formation were performed to examine the effects of inhibition of Gal-1 in MPNST cells. We used a human MPNST xenograft model to assess growth and metastasis inhibitory effects of Gal-1 inhibitor LLS2.Gal-1 was upregulated in MPNST patients and was highly expressed in MPNST cells. Knockdown of Gal-1 by small interfering (si)RNA in Gal-1 expressing MPNST cells significantly reduces cell proliferation through the suppression of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and the rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (RAS)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, which are important oncogenic signaling in MPNST development. Moreover, Gal-1 knockdown induces apoptosis and inhibits colony formation. LLS2, a novel Gal-1 allosteric small molecule inhibitor, is cytotoxic against MPNST cells and was able to induce apoptosis and suppress colony formation in MPNST cells. LLS2 treatment and Gal-1 knockdown exhibited similar effects on the suppression of CXCR4 and RAS/ERK pathways. More importantly, inhibition of Gal-1 expression or function by treatment with either siRNA or LLS2 resulted in significant tumor responses in an MPNST xenograft model.Our results identified an oncogenic role of Gal-1 in MPNST and that its inhibitor, LLS2, is a potential therapeutic agent, applied topically or systemically, against MPNST.
What constitutes the fat signal detected by MRI in the spine of patients with ankylosing spondylitis? A prospective study based on biopsies obtained during planned spinal osteotomy to correct hyperkyphosis or spinal stenosis
Authors: Xenofon Baraliakos, Heinrich Boehm, Reza Bahrami, Ahmed Samir, Georg Schett, Markus Luber, Andreas Ramming, Juergen Braun
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

Study the MRI signal of fatty lesions (FL) by immunohistological analysis of vertebral body biopsies of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) compared with degenerative disc disease (DDD).Biopsies obtained during planned surgery from vertebral edges where MRI signals of FL was detected were stained with H&E. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining was performed to quantify osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Bone marrow (BM) composition, grade of cellularity and quantification of cells were analysed on six randomly chosen high-power fields (HPF; 0.125 mm2) at 200-fold magnification per patient by two experienced researchers in a blinded manner.Biopsies of 21 patients with AS and 18 with DDD were analysed. Adipocytes were found in the BM of 19 patients with AS (90.5%) versus 5 with DDD (27.8%) (p<0.001), while inflammatory infiltrates were found in in the BM of 8 patients with AS (38.1%) versus 14 with DDD (77.8%) (p=0.035) and fibrosis in 6 patients with AS (28.6%) versus 4 with DDD (22.2%) (p=n .s.). The most frequently detected cells were adipocytes in AS (43.3%) versus DDD (16.1%, p=0.002) and inflammatory mononuclear cells in DDD (55%) versus AS (11.0%, p=0.001). Using IF staining, there was more osteoblastic than osteoclastic activity (6.9 vs 0.17 cells/HPF) in FL as compared with inflammatory BM (1.3 vs 7.4 cells/HPF), respectively.MRI FL correspond to presence of adipocytes, resulting to change of cellular homeostasis towards diminution of osteoclasts in the BM of patients with AS. The cross-talk between the different cell types and osteitis, fat and new bone formation needs further study.
Early Recognition of Pneumothorax in Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome with Electrical Impedance Tomography
Authors: Marika Rahtu, Inéz Frerichs, Andreas D. Waldmann, Claas Strodthoff, Tobias Becher, Richard Bayford, Merja Kallio
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2019)

A female infant, born at 34 weeks of gestation, was admitted to neonatal intensive care unit due to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) was started for respiratory support. She was included in an observational electrical impedance tomography (EIT) study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02962505) at 18 hours of age. Swisstom BB2 EIT monitor with LuMon belt was used for collecting EIT data. Clinicians were blinded for EIT during recording. 

Patient condition deteriorated after 7 hours of follow-up and clinician ordered a chest X-ray, in which left-sided pneumothorax was confirmed at 17:11 (Figure 1). From 14:10 onwards, retrospective EIT analysis identified the development of pneumothorax by: 1) increased end-expiratory lung impedance (EELI) and 2) decreased tidal EIT signal variation, both at the affected side, resulting from regionally raised air content and reduced ventilation, as well as by 3) decreased EELI at the contralateral side due to mediastinal shift and compression of the lung. All effects were augmented by position change to contralateral side at 15:45.

Potentially life-threatening tension pneumothorax may be prevented by early recognition of air leak complications in neonatal RDS. In our case EIT identified it almost 3 hours before the corresponding clinical diagnosis was made.
A Secreted Viral Nonstructural Protein Determines Intestinal Norovirus Pathogenesis
Authors: Sanghyun Lee, Hejun Liu, Craig B. Wilen, Zoi E. Sychev, Chandni Desai, Barry L. Hykes, Robert C. Orchard, Broc T. McCune, Ki-Wook Kim, Timothy J. Nice, Scott A. Handley, Megan T. Baldridge, Gaya K. Amarasinghe, Herbert W. Virgin
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2019)