tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Calculation of Stop Ages for Colorectal Cancer Screening Based on Comorbidities and Screening History
Authors: Dayna R. Cenin, Jill Tinmouth, Steffie K. Naber, Catherine Dubé, Bronwen R. McCurdy, Lawrence Paszat, Linda Rabeneck, Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Quantifying Sex-Based Disparities in Liver Allocation
Authors: Jayme E. Locke, Brittany A. Shelton, Kim M. Olthoff, Elizabeth A. Pomfret, Kimberly A. Forde, Deirdre Sawinski, Meagan Gray, Nancy L. Ascher
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Differences in local organ supply and demand have introduced geographic inequities in the Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score-based liver allocation system, prompting national debate and patient-initiated lawsuits. No study to our knowledge has quantified the sex disparities in allocation associated with clinical vs geographic characteristics.To estimate the proportion of sex disparity in wait list mortality and deceased donor liver transplant (DDLT) associated with clinical and geographic characteristics.This retrospective cohort study used adult (age ≥18 years) liver-only transplant listings reported to the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network from June 18, 2013, through March 1, 2018.Liver transplant waiting list.Primary outcomes included wait list mortality and DDLT. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were constructed, and inverse odds ratio weighting was used to estimate the proportion of disparity across geographic location, MELD score, and candidate anthropometric and liver measurements.Among 81 357 adults wait-listed for liver transplant only, 36.1% were women (mean [SD] age, 54.7 [11.3] years; interquartile range, 49.0-63.0 years) and 63.9% were men (mean [SD] age, 55.7 [10.1] years; interquartile range, 51.0-63.0 years). Compared with men, women were 8.6% more likely to die while on the waiting list (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04-1.18) and were 14.4% less likely to receive a DDLT (aHR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.84-0.88). In the geographic domain, organ procurement organization was the only variable that was significantly associated with increased disparity between female sex and wait list mortality (22.1% increase; aHR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.09-1.30); no measure of the geographic domain was associated with DDLT. Laboratory and allocation MELD scores were associated with increases in disparities in wait list mortality: 1.14 (95% CI, 1.09-1.19; 50.1% increase among women) and DDLT: 0.87 (95% CI, 0.86-0.88; 10.3% increase among women). Candidate anthropometric and liver measurements had the strongest association with disparities between men and women in wait list mortality (125.8% increase among women) and DDLT (49.0% increase among women).Our findings suggest that addressing geographic disparities alone may not mitigate sex-based disparities, which were associated with the inability of the MELD score to accurately estimate disease severity in women and to account for candidate anthropometric and liver measurements in this study.
Abstract 13274: The Effect of Public Policy Change on Heart Organ Donation and Transplantation Efficiency in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Paul F Kantor, Anita Yong, Demetrios J Kutsogiannis
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Canada recorded a nationwide deceased organ-donor rate of only 15.1 / million population in 2012, with Alberta recording the lowest provincial rate at 9.6 / million. In 2013, a new or...
Proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) for targeted protein degradation and cancer therapy
Authors: Xin Li, Yongcheng Song
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2020)

Abstract Proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) has been developed to be a useful technology for targeted protein degradation. A bifunctional PROTAC molecule consists of a ligand (mostly small-molecule inhibitor) of the protein of interest (POI) and a covalently linked ligand of an E3 ubiquitin ligase (E3). Upon binding to the POI, the PROTAC can recruit E3 for POI ubiquitination, which is subjected to proteasome-mediated degradation. PROTAC complements nucleic acid-based gene knockdown/out technologies for targeted protein reduction and could mimic pharmacological protein inhibition. To date, PROTACs targeting ~ 50 proteins, many of which are clinically validated drug targets, have been successfully developed with several in clinical trials for cancer therapy. This article reviews PROTAC-mediated degradation of critical oncoproteins in cancer, particularly those in hematological malignancies. Chemical structures, cellular and in vivo activities, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of these PROTACs are summarized. In addition, potential advantages, challenges, and perspectives of PROTAC technology in cancer therapy are discussed.
Disulfiram Treatment of Alcoholism
Authors: Richard K. Fuller
Journal: JAMA (1986)

We conducted a controlled, blinded, multicenter study of disulfiram treatment of alcoholism in 605 men randomly assigned to 250 mg of disulfiram (202 men); 1 mg of disulfiram (204 men), a control for the threat of the disulfiram-ethanol reaction; or no disulfiram (199 men), a control for the counseling that all received. Bimonthly treatment assessments were done for one year. Relative/ friend interviews and blood and urine ethanol analyses were used to corroborate patients' reports. There were no significant differences among the groups in total abstinence, time to first drink, employment, or social stability. Among the patients who drank and had a complete set of assessment interviews, those in the 250-mg disulfiram group reported significantly fewer drinking days (49.0 ±8.4) than those in the 1-mg (75.4±11.9) or the no-disulfiram (86.5 ± 13.6) groups. There was a significant relationship between adherence to drug regimen and complete abstinence in all groups. We conclude that disulfiram may help reduce drinking frequency after relapse, but does not enhance counseling in aiding alcoholic patients to sustain continuous abstinence or delay the resumption of drinking. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:1449-1455)
The novel HSP90 inhibitor IPI-504 synergizes with bortezomib in mantle cell lymphoma cells by targeting both NF-kappaB signaling and unfolded protein response and leading to increased mitochondrial apoptosis
Authors: Gael Roue, Patricia Perez-Galan, Monica Lopez-Guerra, Neus Villamor, Elias Campo, Dolors Colomer
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

4010  Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive B lymphoid neoplasm with a mature B-cell phenotype and genetically characterized by the t(11;14)(q13;q32) leading to cyclin D1 overexpression with the consequent deregulation of cell cycle at the G1-S checkpoint. MCL cells present a constitutive activation of the NF-kappaB pathway which leads to the overexpression of several anti-apoptotic regulators. Recently, MCL cells have been shown to express high levels of the chaperone heat shock protein of 90 kDa (HSP90) and to respond well to the ansamycin derivative 17-AAG, an HSP90 inhibitor. We have analyzed the sensitivity to the novel, highly soluble, 17-AAG derivative IPI-504 (Infinity Pharmaceuticals) on a panel of eleven human MCL cell lines and primary cells from MCL patients, which differ in their p53-dependent pathway status, growth characteristics and sensitivity to cytotoxic drugs. We observed that IPI-504 heterogeneously exerted cytostatic effect among MCL samples, with IC50 ranging from 0.06 to 15.4 μM, irrespective of the mutational status of the client protein p53 and/or expression levels of other client proteins such as cyclin D1 and BCL-2. IPI-504 activity involved the downregulation of the client proteins IKKβ and phospho-AKT, and consequent inhibition of NF-κB signalling. In the most sensitive samples, these events led to the induction of cell death characterized by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspases and phophatidylserine exposure. IPI-504 cytotoxic activity was increased by cotreatment with pharmacological inhibitors of IKK and AKT. Noteworthy, IPI-504 showed remarkable synergistic interaction with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, reaching combination indexes (CIs) between 0.53 and 1.094. Efficiency of this latest combination was found to be correlated with the ratio between HSP90 and the co-chaperone HSP70 (P
155P Prolonged clinical benefit with metronomic chemotherapy (VEX regimen) in metastatic breast cancer patients
Authors: E. Montagna, E. Pagan, G. Cancello, C. Sangalli, V. Bagnardi, E. Munzone, M. Iorfida, M. Mazza, S. Dellapasqua, N. Bianco, P. Veronesi, M.A. Colleoni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Effects of Fexofenadine, Diphenhydramine, and Alcohol on Driving Performance
Authors: John M. Weiler, John R. Bloomfield, George G. Woodworth, Angela R. Grant, Teresa A. Layton, Timothy L. Brown, David R. McKenzie, Thomas W. Baker, Ginger S. Watson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Background: Sedating antihistamines may impair driving performance as seriously as alcohol. Objective: To compare the effects of fexofenadine, diphenhydramine, alcohol, and placebo on driving performance. Design: Randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, four-treatment, four-period crossover trial. Setting: The Iowa Driving Simulator. Participants: 40 licensed drivers with seasonal allergic rhinitis who were 25 to 44 years of age. Intervention: One dose of fexofenadine (60 mg), diphenhydramine (50 mg), alcohol (approximately 0.1% blood alcohol concentration), or placebo, given at weekly intervals before participants drove for 1 hour in the Iowa Driving Simulator. Measurements: The primary end point was coherence, a continuous measure of participants' ability to match the varying speed of a vehicle that they were following. Secondary end points were drowsiness and other driving measures, including lane keeping and response to a vehicle that unexpectedly blocked the lane ahead. Results: Participants had significantly better coherence after taking alcohol or fexofenadine than after taking diphenhydramine. Lane keeping (steering instability and crossing the center line) was impaired after alcohol and diphenhydramine use compared with fexofenadine use. Mean response time to the blocking vehicle was slowest after alcohol use (2.21 seconds) compared with fexofenadine use (1.95 seconds). Self-reported drowsiness did not predict lack of coherence and was weakly associated with minimum following distance, steering instability, and left-lane excursion. Conclusions: Participants had similar performance when treated with fexofenadine or placebo. After alcohol use, participants performed the primary task well but not the secondary tasks; as a result, overall driving performance was poorer. After participants took diphenhydramine, driving performance was poorest, indicating that diphenhydramine had a greater impact on driving than alcohol did. Drowsiness ratings were not a good predictor of impairment, suggesting that drivers cannot use drowsiness to indicate when they should not drive.
Abstract 1827: T-wave Morphology in The Long QT-Syndrome
Authors: Christian Haarmark, Claus Graff, Mads P Andersen, Thomas Hardahl, Johannes J Struijk, Egon Toft, Michael Christiansen, Jørgen K Kanters
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction Morphological differences in the T-wave appearance have been qualitatively described in the Long QT syndrome (LQTS). T-wave morphology has been used to separate LQTS types from each ot...
55P Role of radiomics for predicting immunophenotypes in male breast cancer
Authors: V.P.B. Koyyala, A. Jajodia, S. Pasricha, A. Gupta, A. Chaturvedi, A. Rao, R. Tripathi, M. Kamboj, M.E. Mayerhoefer, D. Leithner, H. Prosch, M.K. Chllamma, M. La Mantia, A. Russo, D.C. Doval, A. Mehta
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
A piece of my mind. Come follow me
Authors: L. M. Profeta
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Come—follow me. Today I am going to walk you through the third floor of the Children's Pavilion. Before we go upstairs, let's sit down and imagine we are young again. Think about the neighborhood playground; see yourself playing kickball, climbing the jungle gym, jumping rope. If you listen, you can hear the laughing, the playful screams of childhood. Close your eyes and think about how strong and indestructible you are as a child, how carefree. There are no such things as cancer, pneumonia, muscular dystrophy, spinal meningitis. There are only youth, happiness, and health. Let's go upstairs. This is the spinal recovery ward of the pavilion. Nowhere in the world are you as close to the outdoors and yet as far away. There are patients on this ward who have not been outside of the hospital for a year. The third floor is a sea of lifeless limbs and painted
Using faecal immunochemical test (FIT) undertaken in a national screening programme for large-scale gut microbiota analysis
Authors: Andrea C Masi, Sara Koo, Christopher A Lamb, Mark A Hull, Linda Sharp, Andrew Nelson, James S Hampton, Colin J Rees, Christopher J Stewart
Journal: Gut (2020)

of Using faecal immunochemical test (FIT) undertaken in a national screening programme for large-scale gut microbiota analysis.
Value of Oncology Pharmacists in the Oncology Health Care Workforce—Reply
Authors: Lawrence N. Shulman, Lisa Kennedy Sheldon, Edward J. Benz
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
One-year chronic toxicity evaluation of single dose intravenously administered silica nanoparticles in mice and their Ex vivo human hemocompatibility
Authors: Raziye Mohammadpour, Darwin L. Cheney, Jason W. Grunberger, Mostafa Yazdimamaghani, Jolanta Jedrzkiewicz, Kyle J. Isaacson, Marina A. Dobrovolskaia, Hamidreza Ghandehari
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2020)
The Cognitive Psychology of Missed Diagnoses
Authors: Donald A. Redelmeier
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Cognitive psychology is the science that examines how people reason, formulate judgments, and make decisions. This case involves a patient given a diagnosis of pharyngitis, whose ultimate diagnosis of osteomyelitis was missed through a series of cognitive shortcuts. These errors include the availability heuristic (in which people judge likelihood by how easily examples spring to mind), the anchoring heuristic (in which people stick with initial impressions), framing effects (in which people make different decisions depending on how information is presented), blind obedience (in which people stop thinking when confronted with authority), and premature closure (in which several alternatives are not pursued). Rather than trying to completely eliminate cognitive shortcuts (which often serve clinicians well), becoming aware of common errors might lead to sustained improvement in patient care.
Abstract 13025: Lipid Testing Trends in the US Before and After the Release of the 2013 ACC / AHA Cholesterol Guidelines
Authors: Sara Levintow, Stephanie Reading, Bradley Saul, Ying Yu, Diane Reams, Leah McGrath, Kiran Philip, Paul Dluzniewski, M. A Brookhart
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: The 2013 ACC/AHA cholesterol treatment guidelines removed the recommendation to treat to blood cholesterol goals for adults with risk of ASCVD. We anticipated that the frequency of li...
Evaluation of Domains of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Recovery After Childbirth
Authors: Pervez Sultan, Nishant Sadana, Nadir Sharawi, Lindsay Blake, Kariem El-Boghdadly, Andrea Falvo, Sarah Ciechanowicz, Waseem Athar, Raj Shah, Nan Guo, Sally Jensen, Yasser El-Sayed, David Cella, Brendan Carvalho
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Despite the global delivery rate being approximately 259 deliveries per minute in 2018, postpartum recovery remains poorly defined.To identify validated patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to assess outpatient and inpatient postpartum recovery, evaluate frequency of PROM use, report the proportion of identified PROMs used within each recovery domain, report the number of published studies within each recovery domain, summarize descriptive data (country of origin, year of study, and journal specialty) for published studies using PROMs to evaluate postpartum recovery, and report PROMs used to evaluate global postpartum recovery.This study followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A literature search of 4 databases (MEDLINE through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL) was performed on July 1, 2019, to identify PROMs used to evaluate 12 author-defined domains of postpartum recovery. All psychometrically evaluated PROMs used to evaluate inpatient or outpatient postpartum recovery after all delivery modes were included.From 8008 screened titles and abstracts, 573 studies (515 outpatient and 58 inpatient) were identified in this review. A total of 201 PROMs were used to assess recovery for outpatient studies and 73 PROMs were used to assess recovery for inpatient studies. The top 5 domains (with highest to lowest numbers of PROMs) used to assess outpatient recovery were psychosocial distress (77 PROMs), surgical complications (26 PROMs), psychosocial support (27 PROMs), motherhood experience (16 PROMs), and sexual function (13 PROMs). Among inpatient studies, the top 5 domains were psychosocial distress (32 PROMs), motherhood experience (7 PROMs), psychosocial support (5 PROMs), fatigue (5 PROMs), and cognition (3 PROMs). The 3 most frequently used PROMs were the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (267 studies), Short-Form 36 Health Questionnaire (global recovery assessment; 40 studies), and Female Sexual Function Index (35 studies). A total of 24 global recovery PROMs were identified among all included studies. Most studies were undertaken in the United States within the last decade and were published in psychiatry and obstetrics and gynecology journals.Most PROMs identified in this review evaluated a single domain of recovery. Future research should focus on determining the psychometric properties of individual and global recovery PROMs identified in this review to provide recommendations regarding optimum measures of postpartum recovery.
Low-dose capsaicin (0.01 mM) nasal spray is equally effective as the current standard treatment for idiopathic rhinitis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Laura Van Gerven, Brecht Steelant, Leen Cools, Ina Callebaut, Wout Backaert, Jan de Hoon, Els Ampe, Karel Talavera, Peter W. Hellings
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
Coached Mobile App Platform for the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety Among Primary Care Patients
Authors: Andrea K. Graham, Carolyn J. Greene, Mary J. Kwasny, Susan M. Kaiser, Paul Lieponis, Thomas Powell, David C. Mohr
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Depression and anxiety are common and disabling. Primary care is the de facto site for treating these mental health problems but is typically underresourced to meet the burden of these demands. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the efficacy of a mobile intervention platform, IntelliCare, for addressing depression and anxiety among primary care patients. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Two-arm randomized clinical trial at internal medicine clinics at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. Adult primary care patients (N = 146) who screened positive for depression on the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ; score ≥ 10) or anxiety on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7; score ≥ 8) were recruited between July 17, 2018, and December 14, 2018. <h3>Interventions</h3> The coach-supported platform composed of a suite of apps, was delivered over 8 weeks. Wait list control participants received treatment as usual for 8 weeks, then the mobile platform. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Primary outcomes were changes in depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7) during the intervention period. Secondary outcomes were differences in the proportion of patients who achieved recovery (PHQ-9/GAD-7 &lt;5 or 50% improvement from baseline), sustainment of intervention effects during 2-month follow-up, and app use during the intervention period. <h3>Results</h3> One hundred forty-six patients were included (119 of 146 were women [81.5%]; mean [SD] age, 42.3 [13.8] years). Of the 146 patients, 122 (83.6%) were diagnosed as having depression and 131 (89.7%) were diagnosed as having anxiety. A greater proportion of intervention vs wait list control participants achieved recovery from depression (n = 38 of 64 [59%] vs n = 18 of 58 [31%]; odds ratio, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.54-6.86) and anxiety (n = 37 of 65 [57%] vs n = 25 of 66 [38%]; odds ratio, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.08-4.36). Sustained effects were observed for depression (slope, 0.01; 95% CI, –0.09 to 0.10;<i>P</i> = .92) and anxiety scores (slope, 0.02; 95% CI, –0.08 to 0.12;<i>P</i> = .67) during follow-up. App use was high, with a median of 93 and 98 sessions among participants with depression and anxiety, respectively. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this trial, a mobile intervention app was effective for depression and anxiety among primary care patients. Findings also support designing digital mental health interventions as platforms containing simple, brief apps that can be bundled by users to meet their needs. <h3>Trial Registration</h3> ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT03500536.
Eustachian Tube Dysfunction
Authors: M Barry
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Oral cancers expressing Glycoprotein-A repetitions predominant (GARP) show poor prognosis
Authors: Rieneke van de Ven, Jan Kloosterman, Irene Nauta, Sonja Ganzevles, Elisabeth Bloemena, Rene Leemans, Ruud Brakenhoff
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2019)