tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High hepatitis C treatment uptake among people with recent drug dependence in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Heather Valerio, Maryam Alavi, Matthew Law, Shane Tillakeratne, Janaki Amin, Naveed Z. Janjua, Mel Krajden, Jacob George, Gail V. Matthews, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Louisa Degenhardt, Jason Grebely, Gregory J. Dore
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Abstract 13394: Multiwell Microelectrode Array Technology for Multimodal Characterization of Cardiomyocyte Function in vitro
Authors: Daniel Millard, Heather Hayes, Anthony Nicolini, Colin Arrowood, Mike Clements, James Ross
Journal: Circulation (2019)

The heart is an electromechanical pump with propagating electrical signals that evoke coordinated contractions. Thus, a comprehensive cardiac assay should measure electrical and contractile functio...
Examining Examinations Conducted under Anesthesia
Authors: Michael F. Greene
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Interview with Dr. Michael Greene on considerations regarding the consent process for procedures performed by medical students and residents. (09:09)Download The practice of allowing trainees to perform "intimate" exams on patients under general anesthesia in the OR has received deserved attention and criticism. While trainees must practice to learn, we must also respect patients' rights to privacy and bodily autonomy.
Direct interaction between CD155 and CD96 promotes immunosuppression in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hui Zhang, Qianwen Liu, Yiyan Lei, Jianwen Zhou, Wenting Jiang, Yongmei Cui, Qiong He, Junfeng Zhu, Zheng Zhu, Yu Sun, Zunfu Ke
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2020)
Drone Delivery of an Automated External Defibrillator
Authors: Wayne D Rosamond, Anna M Johnson, Brittany M Bogle, Evan Arnold, Christopher J Cunningham, Michael Picinich, Billy M Williams, Jessica K Zègre-Hemsey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Drone Delivery of an Automated External Defibrillator Delivery of an AED by drone was compared with on-the-ground retrieval of a fixed-location AED for simulated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in s...
De novo lipogenesis is essential for platelet production in humans
Authors: Kenneth L. Kelly, William J. Reagan, Gabriele E. Sonnenberg, Michelle Clasquin, Katherine Hales, Shoh Asano, Paul A. Amor, Santos Carvajal-Gonzalez, Norimitsu Shirai, Marcy D. Matthews, Kelvin W. Li, Marc K. Hellerstein, Nicholas B. Vera, Trenton T. Ross, Gregg Cappon, Arthur Bergman, Clare Buckeridge, Zhongyuan Sun, Enida Ziso Qejvanaj, Theodore Schmahai, David Beebe, Jeffrey A. Pfefferkorn, William P. Esler
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2020)
Maternal smoking and preterm birth: An unresolved health challenge
Authors: Sarah J. Stock, Linda Bauld
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2020)

Maternal exposure to tobacco smoke in pregnancy is a key modifiable risk factor for baby death and disability.Smoking is linked to preterm birth (birth before 37 weeks' gestation), stillbirth, and neonatal mortality, as well as to miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, and infant morbidity [1].The worldwide prevalence of maternal smoking in pregnancy is 2%, with Europe having the highest prevalence at 8% [2].Although rates of maternal smoking in pregnancy are decreasing in many high-income countries [2], this decline is slower among women of lower socioeconomic status, contributing to health inequalities [3].In certain low-and middle-income countries, maternal smoking rates are static or rising [4][5][6].In this issue of PLOS Medicine, two studies [7,8] provide new insights into the implications of exposure to tobacco smoke in pregnancy for perinatal and childhood outcomes.Buyun Liu and colleagues studied preterm birth in relation to timing and intensity of maternal smoking in more than 25 million singleton mother-infant pairs using United States birth certificate data [7].The size of this "mega-cohort" allowed exploration of whether incremental increases of 1-2 cigarettes per day were associated with increases in preterm birth.Compared to nonsmokers, any maternal smoking during the three months prior to conception and continued into the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with increased preterm birth (odds ratio [OR] 1.17 [95% CI 1.16-1.19]).This risk increased if maternal smoking continued during the second trimester ).Women who quit smoking during pregnancy still had an increased risk of preterm birth, even if levels of smoking were low and they stopped early in pregnancy.For example, compared to nonsmokers, women who smoked 1-2 cigarettes a day and quit in the first trimester had an increased risk of preterm birth ).In contrast, if they quit smoking in the three months before pregnancy, even heavy smokers of 20 or more cigarettes per day had a similar risk of preterm birth to that of nonsmokers (OR 1.01 [0.99-1.03]).The authors conclude that there is no safe level for cigarette smoking in pregnancy.Elise Philips and colleagues found a different pattern of smoking and preterm birth in an individual participant data meta-analysis of 220,000 births from 28 cohort studies, in which smoking status was determined from questionnaires [8].Compared to nonsmokers, mothers who smoked in the third trimester of pregnancy were at increased risk of preterm birth.However, the effect size was lower than in Liu's study [7], with an OR of 1.08 (1.02-1.15).In contrast to Liu's findings [7], smoking confined to the first trimester of pregnancy was not associated with preterm birth when compared to nonsmokers ).Furthermore, no dose response was seen with increasing or decreasing cigarette intake between first and third trimesters.Philips and colleagues additionally explored the relationship between smoking and being small for gestational age (SGA) at birth and overweight in childhood [8].Whereas maternal
Response by Khosrow-Khavar et al to Letters Regarding Article, “Aromatase Inhibitors and the Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Women With Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study”
Authors: Farzin Khosrow-Khavar, Kristian B. Filion, Nathaniel Bouganim, Samy Suissa, Laurent Azoulay
Journal: Circulation (2020)
Deryk Anthony Lawrence
Authors: David Lawrence
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Deryk Anthony Lawrence was a kind thoughtful and gentle man with a keen sense of humour and at times a quiet stubborn streak. He was born in Beckenham, the first child of Elsa and Cyril Lawrence. He lived in Beckenham or thereabouts for all his early life. In 1941 he and all his family survived their house being bombed, towards the end of the blitz. He attended St Dunstan’s school in south London, but for much of his time at the school it was evacuated to Reigate because of the outbreak of war. He gained entry to medical school at St Thomas’ Hospital, part of London University, in 1944. The medical school had also been evacuated by this time, to Hydestyle Hospital near Godalming in Surrey. While studying there in 1944, he and fellow students just missed being hit by a doodlebug that flew over the rooftops of the hospital to explode in the next field. After the end of the war Deryk continued his studies at St Thomas’ and he qualified 1950.He did his house jobs at Epsom …
Whole-Exome Profiling of NSCLC Among African Americans
Authors: Rony F. Arauz, Jung S. Byun, Mayank Tandon, Sanju Sinha, Skyler Kuhn, Sheryse Taylor, Adriana Zingone, Khadijah A. Mitchell, Sharon R. Pine, Kevin Gardner, Eliseo J. Perez-Stable, Anna M. Napoles, Bríd M. Ryan
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020)
Genetic Confirmation of Monogenic Familial Hypercholesterolemia Advises a More Intensive Lipid-Lowering Approach—Reply
Authors: Mark Trinder, Liam R. Brunham
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Cumberlege review: It’s not only drugs and medical devices that can cause harm
Authors: Caroline Struthers
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The recent Cumberlege report, First Do No Harm ,12 does not consider potential harms to patients from behavioural and psychosocial treatments.

Clinical researchers often have vested interests in the success of interventions they are investigating. They may have already convinced themselves and their peers of their merit. They may have also convinced funders, regulators, policy makers, and insurance companies too. One of the most …
Predictors of Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients With Chronic Liver Disease: US Multi-center Study
Authors: Donghee Kim, Nia Adeniji, Nyann Latt, Sonal Kumar, Patricia P. Bloom, Elizabeth S. Aby, Ponni Perumalswami, Marina Roytman, Michael Li, Alexander S. Vogel, Andreea M. Catana, Kara Wegermann, Rotonya M. Carr, Costica Aloman, Vincent L. Chen, Atoosa Rabiee, Brett Sadowski, Veronica Nguyen, Winston Dunn, Kenneth D. Chavin, Kali Zhou, Blanca Lizaola-Mayo, Akshata Moghe, José Debes, Tzu-Hao Lee, Andrea D. Branch, Kathleen Viveiros, Walter Chan, David M. Chascsa, Paul Kwo, Renumathy Dhanasekaran
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
LAG-3: from molecular functions to clinical applications
Authors: Takumi Maruhashi, Daisuke Sugiura, Il-mi Okazaki, Taku Okazaki
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2020)

To prevent the destruction of tissues owing to excessive and/or inappropriate immune responses, immune cells are under strict check by various regulatory mechanisms at multiple points. Inhibitory coreceptors, including programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), serve as critical checkpoints in restricting immune responses against self-tissues and tumor cells. Immune checkpoint inhibitors that block PD-1 and CTLA-4 pathways significantly improved the outcomes of patients with diverse cancer types and have revolutionized cancer treatment. However, response rates to such therapies are rather limited, and immune-related adverse events are also observed in a substantial patient population, leading to the urgent need for novel therapeutics with higher efficacy and lower toxicity. In addition to PD-1 and CTLA-4, a variety of stimulatory and inhibitory coreceptors are involved in the regulation of T cell activation. Such coreceptors are listed as potential drug targets, and the competition to develop novel immunotherapies targeting these coreceptors has been very fierce. Among such coreceptors, lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) is expected as the foremost target next to PD-1 in the development of cancer therapy, and multiple clinical trials testing the efficacy of LAG-3-targeted therapy are underway. LAG-3 is a type I transmembrane protein with structural similarities to CD4. Accumulating evidence indicates that LAG-3 is an inhibitory coreceptor and plays pivotal roles in autoimmunity, tumor immunity, and anti-infection immunity. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of LAG-3, ranging from its discovery to clinical application.
The Importance of Right Ventricular Function in Survival Following Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy
Authors: D.P. Leong, U. Hoke, D. Auger, T.G. Witkowski, J. Thijssen, L. van Erven, V. Delgado, M.J. Schalij, J.J. Bax, N.A. Marsan
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Oxytocin Receptor Gene DNA Methylation: A Biomarker of Treatment Response in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?
Authors: Miriam A. Schiele, Christiane Thiel, Leonie Kollert, Lena Fürst, Lisa Putschin, Rebekka Kehle, Walter Hauke, Marina Mahr, Elena Reinhold, Michael G. Gottschalk, Markus Heinrichs, Michael Zaudig, Götz Berberich, Katharina Domschke
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2020)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with high chronicity and treatment resistance, indicating the need for early therapy response markers enabling fast and personalized treatment adaptations. Although epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene have previously been linked to OCD pathogenesis, epigenetic markers as predictors of treatment success have not yet been investigated in OCD.For the first time, this therapyepigenetic study aimed to investigate the role of OXTR methylation as a treatment response marker in OCD.In total, 113 inpatients with OCD (57 females) were compared to 113 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Patients were investigated over a 10-week course of standardized, OCD-specific cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy. Clinical response was measured using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) at baseline, before in vivo exposure, and after therapy. OXTR exon III methylation was analyzed via direct sequencing of sodium bisulfite-treated DNA extracted from blood cells.Relative OXTR hypermethylation was observed in OCD patients compared to healthy controls. In OCD, higher baseline OXTR methylation was found to predict impaired treatment response at both categorical (responders vs. nonresponders) and dimensional (relative Y-BOCS reduction) levels, whereas lower baseline methylation was related to treatment response and greater symptom improvements. Analysis of Y-BOCS subdimensions revealed that the association between OXTR hypermethylation with impaired treatment response applied especially to symptoms related to obsessions, but not compulsions.OXTR hypermethylation may constitute a predictive marker of impaired treatment response in OCD and thus carries great potential for future personalized treatment efforts in OCD.
Bifrost: highly parallel construction and indexing of colored and compacted de Bruijn graphs
Authors: Guillaume Holley, Páll Melsted
Journal: Genome biology (2020)

Abstract Memory consumption of de Bruijn graphs is often prohibitive. Most de Bruijn graph-based assemblers reduce the complexity by compacting paths into single vertices, but this is challenging as it requires the uncompacted de Bruijn graph to be available in memory. We present a parallel and memory-efficient algorithm enabling the direct construction of the compacted de Bruijn graph without producing the intermediate uncompacted graph. Bifrost features a broad range of functions, such as indexing, editing, and querying the graph, and includes a graph coloring method that maps each k -mer of the graph to the genomes it occurs in. Availability https://github.com/pmelsted/bifrost
Cardiometabolic Traits, Sepsis, and Severe COVID-19
Authors: Mark J. Ponsford, Apostolos Gkatzionis, Venexia M. Walker, Andrew J. Grant, Robyn E. Wootton, Luke S.P. Moore, Segun Fatumo, Amy M. Mason, Verena Zuber, Cristen Willer, Humaira Rasheed, Ben Brumpton, Kristian Hveem, Jan Kristian Damås, Neil Davies, Bjørn Olav Åsvold, Erik Solligård, Simon Jones, Stephen Burgess, Tormod Rogne, Dipender Gill
Journal: Circulation (2020)
CBD Drug Is Approved for a Third Form of Epilepsy
Authors: Mary Chris Jaklevic
Journal: JAMA (2020)

A drug containing the marijuana derivative cannabidiol (CBD) was approved to treat seizures associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) in patients aged 1 year or older. TSC is a genetic disease that causes benign tumors to grow throughout the body. It affects 1 in 6000 people.
Long-term follow-up of lenalidomide and rituximab as initial treatment of follicular lymphoma
Authors: Paolo Strati, Preetesh Jain, Ralph J. Johnson, Sheryl Forbes, Lei Feng, Felipe Samaniego, Maria A. Rodriguez, Luis E. Fayad, Fredrick Hagemeister, Jason Westin, Michael Wang, Sattva S. Neelapu, Loretta J. Nastoupil, Nathan H. Fowler
Journal: Blood (2020)
Elevated D-dimers and lack of anticoagulation predict PE in severe COVID-19 patients
Authors: Basile Mouhat, Matthieu Besutti, Kevin Bouiller, Franck Grillet, Charles Monnin, Fiona Ecarnot, Julien Behr, Gilles Capellier, Thibaud Soumagne, Sébastien Pili-Floury, Guillaume Besch, Guillaume Mourey, Quentin Lepiller, Catherine Chirouze, François Schiele, Romain Chopard, Nicolas Meneveau
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may predispose to venous thromboembolism. We determined factors independently associated with computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA)-confirmed pulmonary embolism (PE) in hospitalised severe COVID-19 patients.Among all (n=349) patients hospitalised for COVID-19 in a university hospital in a French region with a high rate of COVID-19, we analysed patients who underwent CTPA for clinical signs of severe disease (oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry ≤93% or breathing rate ≥30 breaths·min-1) or rapid clinical worsening. Multivariable analysis was performed using Firth penalised maximum likelihood estimates.162 (46.4%) patients underwent CTPA (mean±sd age 65.6±13.0 years; 67.3% male (95% CI 59.5-75.5%). PE was diagnosed in 44 (27.2%) patients. Most PEs were segmental and the rate of PE-related right ventricular dysfunction was 15.9%. By multivariable analysis, the only two significant predictors of CTPA-confirmed PE were D-dimer level and the lack of any anticoagulant therapy (OR 4.0 (95% CI 2.4-6.7) per additional quartile and OR 4.5 (95% CI 1.1-7.4), respectively). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified a D-dimer cut-off value of 2590 ng·mL-1 to best predict occurrence of PE (area under the curve 0.88, p<0.001, sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 83.8%). D-dimer level >2590 ng·mL-1 was associated with a 17-fold increase in the adjusted risk of PE.Elevated D-dimers (>2590 ng·mL-1) and absence of anticoagulant therapy predict PE in hospitalised COVID-19 patients with clinical signs of severity. These data strengthen the evidence base in favour of systematic anticoagulation, and suggest wider use of D-dimer guided CTPA to screen for PE in acutely ill hospitalised patients with COVID-19.
A Solution for Guideline Overkill—More Guidelines or Shared Understanding?
Authors: Raj Mehta, Richard Lehman
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
The dangers of déjà vu: memory B cells as the cells of origin of ABC-DLBCLs
Authors: Leandro Venturutti, Ari M. Melnick
Journal: Blood (2020)

Activated B-cell (ABC)-diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) are clinically aggressive and phenotypically complex malignancies, whose transformation mechanisms remain unclear. Partially differentiated antigen-secreting cells (plasmablasts) have long been regarded as cells-of-origin for these tumors, despite lack of definitive experimental evidence. Recent DLBCL reclassification based on mutational landscapes identified MCD/C5 tumors as specific ABC-DLBCLs with unfavorable clinical outcome, activating mutations in the signaling adaptors MYD88 and CD79B, and immune evasion through mutation of antigen-presenting genes. MCD/C5s manifest prominent extranodal dissemination and similarities with primary extranodal lymphomas (PENLs). In this regard, recent studies on TBL1XR1, a gene recurrently mutated in MCD/C5s and PENLs, suggest that aberrant memory B cells (MBs), and not plasmablasts, are the true cells-of-origin for these tumors. Moreover, transcriptional and phenotypic profiling suggests that MCD/C5s, as a class, represent bona fide MB tumors. Based on emerging findings we propose herein a generalized stepwise model for MCD/C5 and PENLs pathogenesis, whereby acquisition of founder mutations in activated B cells favors the development of aberrant MBs prone to avoid plasmacytic differentiation on recall and undergo systemic dissemination. Cyclic reactivation of these MBs through persistent antigen exposure favors their clonal expansion and accumulation of mutations, which further facilitate their activation. As a result, MB-like clonal precursors become trapped in an oscillatory state of semipermanent activation and phenotypic sway that facilitates ulterior transformation and accounts for the extranodal clinical presentation and biology of these tumors. In addition, we discuss diagnostic and therapeutic implications of a MB cell-of-origin for these lymphomas.
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Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2020)

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Tertiary cancer services
Authors: M. Paul
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Tertiary cancer servicesPsychiatric and psychological liaison should be included EDITOR,-M A Richards and colleagues report a benchmarking study of activity and facilities at 12 specialist cancer centres.1 One of the objectives of the study was to help the planning of future cancer services.The authors looked at inpatient and outpatient services and also at radiotherapy and chemotherapy practice.They make no mention, however, of psychological, psychiatric, or social input to patients and their families.
The Capacity of the Ovarian Cancer Tumor Microenvironment to Integrate Inflammation Signaling Conveys a Shorter Disease-free Interval
Authors: Kimberly R. Jordan, Matthew J. Sikora, Jill E. Slansky, Angela Minic, Jennifer K. Richer, Marisa R. Moroney, Junxiao Hu, Rebecca J. Wolsky, Zachary L. Watson, Tomomi M. Yamamoto, James C. Costello, Aaron Clauset, Kian Behbakht, T. Rajendra Kumar, Benjamin G. Bitler
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Ovarian cancer has one of the highest deaths to incidence ratios across all cancers. Initial chemotherapy is effective, but most patients develop chemoresistant disease. Mechanisms driving clinical chemo-response or -resistance are not well-understood. However, achieving optimal surgical cytoreduction improves survival, and cytoreduction is improved by neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). NACT offers a window to profile pre- versus post-NACT tumors, which we used to identify chemotherapy-induced changes to the tumor microenvironment.