tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A multi-institutional analysis of duodenal neuroendocrine tumors: Tumor biology rather than extent of resection to dictate prognosis.
Authors: Georgios A Margonis, Mario Samaha, Yuhree Kim, Lauren McLendon Postlewait, Shishir Kumar Maithel, George A. Poultsides, Thuy Tran, T. Clark Gamblin, Nicholas Gerard Berger, Timothy M. Pawlik
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

255 Background: Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare neoplasms and their management is poorly defined. As such, we sought to evaluate the management and outcomes of patients undergoing resection of duodenal NETs. Methods: Using a multi-institutional database, 132 patients who underwent curative-intent resection for duodenal NETs between 1998 and 2015 were identified. Data on clinical characteristics, comorbidities, procedural details, as well as recurrence-free survival (RFS) were collected and analyzed. Results: Median age was 63 years and most patients were male(52.3%). Two-thirds(66.7%) of patients had symptomatic disease. Most patients presented with abdominal pain(47.8%), while 17(19.3%) patients presented with GI bleeding/anemia. Lesions were located in first/second(94.5%) or third/fourth(5.5%) portion of the duodenum. Median tumor size was 1.7 cm. Local surgical resection(LSR) was performed in 55(42.0%) patients, while 47(35.9%) patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD) and 29(22.1%) underwent an endoscopic resection(ER). Most patients had an R0 surgical margin(88.4%)(LSR, 88.7% vs. PD, 95.7% vs. ER, 71.4%; P = 0.02). Among patients who had at least one lymph node examined(n = 86), 49(57.0%) had a metastatic lymph node; lymph node metastasis were more common among patients with tumors ≥ 2cm(OR = 3.21, P = 0.02). Median length-of-stay was longer for PD(11 days) versus LSR(7 days)(P &lt; 0.001). PD patients had more complications(LSR, 52.7% vs. PD, 63.8% vs. ER, 6.9%; P &lt; 0.001). 3- and 5-year RFS was 80.1%, and 69.6%, respectively (site of recurrence: locoregional, n = 8 vs. distant, n = 14). Factors associated with worse RFS included tumor grade(moderate-to-poor: HR 4.12) and presence of metastasis at diagnosis (HR 5.66)(both P &lt; 0.05). PD versus LSR versus ER approach was not associated with RFS (P &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: Recurrence of duodenal NETs was dependent on tumor biology rather than procedure type. PD was associated with a longer hospital stay and higher risk of perioperative complications. For patients with tumors &lt; 2cm, LSR or ER may be appropriate with PD reserved for larger lesions and those not amenable to a more local approach.
Activation of the 15-lipoxygenase pathway in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
Authors: Whitney W. Stevens, Anna G. Staudacher, Kathryn E. Hulse, Roderick G. Carter, Deborah R. Winter, Hiam Abdala-Valencia, Atsushi Kato, Lydia Suh, James E. Norton, Julia H. Huang, Anju T. Peters, Leslie C. Grammer, Caroline P.E. Price, David B. Conley, Stephanie Shintani-Smith, Bruce K. Tan, Kevin C. Welch, Robert C. Kern, Robert P. Schleimer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
MicroRNA-21/PDCD4 Proapoptotic Signaling From Circulating CD34+ Cells to Vascular Endothelial Cells: A Potential Contributor to Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia
Authors: Gaia Spinetti, Elena Sangalli, Elena Tagliabue, Davide Maselli, Ornella Colpani, David Ferland-McCollough, Franco Carnelli, Patrizia Orlando, Agostino Paccagnella, Anna Furlan, Piero Maria Stefani, Luisa Sambado, Maria Sambataro, Paolo Madeddu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

OBJECTIVE In patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and critical limb ischemia (CLI), migration of circulating CD34+ cells predicted cardiovascular mortality at 18 months after revascularization. This study aimed to provide long-term validation and mechanistic understanding of the biomarker. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The association between CD34+ cell migration and cardiovascular mortality was reassessed at 6 years after revascularization. In a new series of T2D-CLI and control subjects, immuno-sorted bone marrow CD34+ cells were profiled for miRNA expression and assessed for apoptosis and angiogenesis activity. The differentially regulated miRNA-21 and its proapoptotic target, PDCD4, were titrated to verify their contribution in transferring damaging signals from CD34+ cells to endothelial cells. RESULTS Multivariable regression analysis confirmed that CD34+ cell migration forecasts long-term cardiovascular mortality. CD34+ cells from T2D-CLI patients were more apoptotic and less proangiogenic than those from control subjects and featured miRNA-21 downregulation, modulation of several long noncoding RNAs acting as miRNA-21 sponges, and upregulation of the miRNA-21 proapoptotic target PDCD4. Silencing miR-21 in control CD34+ cells phenocopied the T2D-CLI cell behavior. In coculture, T2D-CLI CD34+ cells imprinted naive endothelial cells, increasing apoptosis, reducing network formation, and modulating the TUG1 sponge/miRNA-21/PDCD4 axis. Silencing PDCD4 or scavenging reactive oxygen species protected endothelial cells from the negative influence of T2D-CLI CD34+ cells. CONCLUSIONS Migration of CD34+ cells predicts long-term cardiovascular mortality in T2D-CLI patients. An altered paracrine signaling conveys antiangiogenic and proapoptotic features from CD34+ cells to the endothelium. This damaging interaction may increase the risk for life-threatening complications.
18F-FDG-PET/CT in Breast and Gynecologic Cancer
Authors: Katrina E. Korhonen, Austin R. Pantel, David A. Mankoff
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

This chapter details the role of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in the diagnosis, treatment planning, evaluation of response to therapy, and assessment for recurrent disease in breast cancer as well as the most common gynecologic cancers in women (endometrial, cervical, and ovarian). Although 18F-FDG-PET/CT does not currently play a significant role in the primary diagnosis of any of these malignancies, PET/CT performed as part of disease staging can provide valuable information regarding the extent of disease. Metabolic imaging with PET is particularly valuable in detecting metastatic disease in lymph nodes that are not enlarged by CT or MRI size criteria. 18F-FDG-PET/CT can be utilized to assess both early treatment response and response following the completion of therapy for patients with breast and gynecologic cancers. For some female-related malignancies, patterns of 18F-FDG uptake on staging scans, as well as post-therapy scans, may provide information prognostic of disease-free survival. Finally, we explore selected promising PET radiotracers aimed at characterizing specific biology of the disease to help guide treatment and therapy.
Detection of disseminated tumor cells in the bone marrow and circulating tumor cells in blood of patients with early-stage male breast cancer.
Authors: Bahriye Aktas, Sabine Kasimir-Bauer, Anja Welt, Martin H. Schuler, Rainer Kimmig, Mitra Tewes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e22032 Background: Male breast cancer is a rare malignant disease, accounting for less than 1% of all breast cancers and is often diagnosed at advanced stage of the disease. Treatment standards for men with early-stage breast cancer are still based on clinical experience in women. To improve treatment, the identification of a biomarker, predicting the outcome of male breast cancer is highly desirable. Here we analyzed disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in the bone marrow (BM) and circulating tumor cells (CTC) in blood, shown to be of prognostic significance in female breast cancer, as such a biomarker in male breast cancer. Methods: Five patients (pT2-4, pN0-2, Mo) with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative, ductal primary breast cancer at the median age of 70 years (range 51-73 years) were enrolled in this study. One patient underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy; the others received adjuvant systemic therapy. DTC in the BM were analyzed before therapy and identified by immunocytochemistry using the pancytokeratin antibodyA45B/B3. Two x 5 ml blood were analyzed for CTC with the AdnaTest BreastCancer (AdnaGen AG, Langenhagen, Germany) for the detection of EpCAM, MUC-1, HER-2, and beta-Actin transcripts. Results: DTC were found in three out of four patients in the adjuvant setting with two DTC detected in one patient and one DTC detected in each of the other two patients. CTC were not found in any of these four patients. The patient undergoing neoadjuvant treatment showed no DTC before and after therapy wheras CTC were detected before but not after therapy. After a median follow-up time of 3 years (range 1-10 years), all patients were still alive with no local relapse or distant metastases observed. Conclusions: Although the presence of DTC and CTC in male breast cancer is comparable with the rate obtained in female breast cancer, no prognostic significance could be documented. Since stem cell like tumor cells have been suggested to be the active source of metastatic spread in primary tumors, a further characterization of DTC/CTC will possibly help to identify patients at higher risk for relapse.
What Is the Optimal Primary Care Panel Size
Authors: Neil M. Paige, Eric A. Apaydin, Jeremy D. Goldhaber-Fiebert, Selene Mak, Isomi M. Miake-Lye, Meron M. Begashaw, Jessica M. Severin, Paul G. Shekelle
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

In this systematic review of 28 studies, the authors review the evidence about the association of primary care panel size with health care outcomes and provider burnout.
Pharmacological Interventions for Sleepiness and Sleep Disturbances Caused by Shift Work
Authors: Juha Liira, Jos Verbeek, Jani Ruotsalainen
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Are pharmacological interventions associated with better-quality sleep and alertness in shift workers?Low-quality evidence shows that melatonin is associated with 24 minutes longer daytime sleep after the shift but not with faster falling asleep compared with placebo. There is no association between hypnotics, such as zopiclone, and sleep outcomes, alertness, or harms. The alertness-promoting medications armodafinil and modafinil are associated with improved alertness during shift work but are also associated with headache and nausea.
Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Valve Stenosis
Authors: Amgad Mentias, Mary Vaughan Sarrazin, Milind Y. Desai, Marwan Saad, Phillip A. Horwitz, Samir Kapadia, Saket Girotra
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Outcome of patients with colorectal liver metastasis: Analysis of 1,613 consecutive cases.
Authors: Jianmin Xu, Dexiang Zhu, Li Ren, Ye Wei, Yunshi Zhong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e14000 Background: To evaluate the long-time outcome of patients with colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) undergoing different types of therapy and identify factors associated with prognosis. Methods: From 2000 to 2010, a total of 1,613 patients with CRLM were identified in Zhongshan Hospital. Clinicopathological and outcome data were collected and analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Of 1,613 patients the median survival was 23.1 months and the five-year survival rate was 23%. Synchronous liver metastasis (SLM), female, grade III-IV, T4 and N + of primary tumor, bilobar disease, number of liver metastases ≥ 4, size of largest liver metastases ≥ 5 cm, CEA ≥5 ng/ml and CA19-9 ≥ 37u/ml were the predictors of adverse outcome using univariate analysis. The median survival and five-year survival rate for patients after resection of liver metastases was 49.8 months and 47%, compared with 22.2 months and 19% for those after systemic chemotherapy alone, 19.0 months and 13% for those after hepatic arterial chemotherapy alone, 22.8 months and 10% for those after systemic chemotherapy combined with hepatic arterial chemotherapy, and 28.5 months and 6% for those after local regional treatment alone (p&lt; 0.010). In addition, patients without treatment had the poorest survival rate (9.6 months and 0%). 64 initially unresectable patients underwent surgery after convertible therapy and had a median survival of 36.9 months and a five-year survival of 30%, which was better than that of unresectable patients who did not undergo surgery (18.2 months and 10%). By multivariate analysis, SLM, poorly differentiated primary tumor, number of liver metastases ≥ 4, size of largest liver metastases ≥ 5 cm, and no surgical treatment of liver metastases were found to be independent predictors of poor survival. Conclusions: Patients with CRLM could get long-term survival benefit from different types of therapy, and resection of resectable and initially unresectable liver metastases was the optimal strategy. The disease-free interval from primary to liver metastases, the differentiation of the primary tumor, the number and size of liver metastases and the types of therapy used to treat liver metastases were independent prognostic factors.
Normal spirometry predictive values for the Western Indian adult population
Authors: Dhiraj Agarwal, Richard A. Parker, Hilary Pinnock, Sudipto Roy, Deesha Ghorpade, Sundeep Salvi, Parag Khatavkar, Sanjay Juvekar
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Interpretation of spirometry involves comparing lung function parameters with predicted values to determine the presence/severity of the disease. The Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) derived reference equations for healthy individuals aged 3-95 years from multiple populations but highlighted India as a "particular group" for whom further data are needed. We aimed to derive predictive equations for spirometry in a rural Western Indian adult population.We used spirometry data previously collected (2008-2012) from 1258 healthy adults (aged 18 years and over) by the Vadu Health and Demographic Surveillance System. We constructed sex-stratified prediction equations for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC using the Generalised Additive Model for Location, Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) method to derive the best fitting model of each outcome as a function of age and height.When compared with GLI Ethnicity Codes 1 (White Caucasian) and 5 (Other/Mixed), the Western Indian adult population appears to have lower lung volumes on average, though the FEV1/FVC ratio is comparable. Both age and height were predictive of mean FEV1 and FVC; and for females, the variability of response was also dependent on age. FEV1/FVC appears to have a very strong age effect, highlighting the limitations of using a fixed 0.7 cut-off value.The use of GLI normal values may result in overdiagnosis of lung disease in this population. We recommend that the values and equations generated from this study should be used by physicians in their routine practice for diagnosing disease and its severity in adults from the Western Indian population.
P5-06-04: Mechanisms of Acquired Resistance to Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Inhibitor in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line.
Authors: RC Ekyalongo, T Mukohara, Y Kataoka, N Kiyota, Y Fujiwara, H Minami
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: No studies have yet clarified the mechanism of acquired resistance to insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). Our previous study of 16 breast cancer cell lines found that only MCF-7 expressed high levels of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and was sensitive to the IGF-1R-TKI NVP-AEW541. Material and Methods: We developed a model of acquired resistance to NVP-AEW541 by continuously exposing MCF-7 cells to NVP-AEW541, naming the model MCF-7-NR. To explore the mechanism of acquired resistance to NVP-AEW541, the effects of NVP-AEW541 on cell growth and IGF-1R signaling in MCF-7 and MCF-7-NR cells were examined. Results: With Western blot analysis, we found that MCF-7-NR had much lower levels of IRS-1 than parental MCF-7. While phosphorylation of Akt was completely inhibited by administration of NVP-AEW541 (3 μM) in both cell lines, phosphorylation of S6K remained high only in MCF-7-NR. The notion of Akt-independent S6K phosphorylation in MCF-7-NR was further supported by the fact that cell growth and phosphorylation of S6K was affected by administration of the Akt inhibitor perifosine to a lesser degree in MCF-7-NR than in MCF-7. Further, the mTOR inhibitor everolimus inhibited phosphorylation of S6K and cell growth equally in both lines. Screening of MCF-7 and MCF-7-NR lines for phosphorylation of 42 receptor tyrosine kinases with and without 3μM NVP-AEW541 showed that Tyro3 phosphorylation remained high only in MCF-7-NR cells. Gene silencing of Tyro3 using siRNA resulted in reduced cell growth, decreased phosphorylation of phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK-1) and protein kinase C α/βII, reduced expression of cyclin D1 in the MCF-7-NR line, with minimal effects evident in the MCF-7 line. Discussion: Findings from our current study support the possibility of predicting sensitivity to NVP-AEW541 by measuring IRS-1 expression, as hypothesized in our previous study. Akt-independent activation of mTOR/S6K by an as-yet-undefined mechanism appears to induce acquired resistance to NVP-AEW541, and as such mTOR inhibitors may have therapeutic value. Tyro3 upregulation and migration of control of cellular growth and cyclin D1 expression may also induce resistance to NVP-AEW541. Although the validity of these findings should be evaluated in further preclinical studies and eventually in clinical trials, our observations may lead to individualized use of NVP-AEW541 and the development of “backup drugs” against tumors that acquire resistance to NVP-AEW541. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-06-04.
Periodontal disease and cancer: Epidemiologic studies and possible mechanisms
Authors: Ngozi Nwizu, Jean Wactawski‐Wende, Robert J. Genco
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2020)

Abstract Epidemiologic and cancer control studies on the association of periodontal disease and cancer risk mostly suggest a positive association with overall cancer risk and certain specific types of cancer. These findings are generally consistent among cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies. In this paper, we review epidemiologic studies and current knowledge on periodontal disease and cancer, with a focus on those studies conducted in the years following the Joint European Federation of Periodontology/American Academy of Periodontology Workshop on “Periodontitis and Systemic Diseases” in November 2012. This review also explores the role of chronic inflammation as a biologically plausible mechanistic link between periodontal disease and risk of cancer. Furthermore, it highlights studies that have examined the potential importance of certain periodontal pathogens in this association.
Reactive Artificial Intelligence Using Big Data in the Era of Precision Medicine—Reply
Authors: Tyler J. Loftus, Gilbert R. Upchurch, Azra Bihorac
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Action-Informed Artificial Intelligence—Matching the Algorithm to the Problem
Authors: Christopher J. Lindsell, William W. Stead, Kevin B. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal