tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High Rates of Off-label Prescribing and the Urgent Need for a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ann Marie Navar, Roxana Mehran
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Genomic diversifications of five Gossypium allopolyploid species and their impact on cotton improvement
Authors: Z. Jeffrey Chen, Avinash Sreedasyam, Atsumi Ando, Qingxin Song, Luis M. De Santiago, Amanda M. Hulse-Kemp, Mingquan Ding, Wenxue Ye, Ryan C. Kirkbride, Jerry Jenkins, Christopher Plott, John Lovell, Yu-Ming Lin, Robert Vaughn, Bo Liu, Sheron Simpson, Brian E. Scheffler, Li Wen, Christopher A. Saski, Corrinne E. Grover, Guanjing Hu, Justin L. Conover, Joseph W. Carlson, Shengqiang Shu, Lori B. Boston, Melissa Williams, Daniel G. Peterson, Keith McGee, Don C. Jones, Jonathan F. Wendel, David M. Stelly, Jane Grimwood, Jeremy Schmutz
Journal: Nature Genetics (2020)

Abstract Polyploidy is an evolutionary innovation for many animals and all flowering plants, but its impact on selection and domestication remains elusive. Here we analyze genome evolution and diversification for all five allopolyploid cotton species, including economically important Upland and Pima cottons. Although these polyploid genomes are conserved in gene content and synteny, they have diversified by subgenomic transposon exchanges that equilibrate genome size, evolutionary rate heterogeneities and positive selection between homoeologs within and among lineages. These differential evolutionary trajectories are accompanied by gene-family diversification and homoeolog expression divergence among polyploid lineages. Selection and domestication drive parallel gene expression similarities in fibers of two cultivated cottons, involving coexpression networks and N 6 -methyladenosine RNA modifications. Furthermore, polyploidy induces recombination suppression, which correlates with altered epigenetic landscapes and can be overcome by wild introgression. These genomic insights will empower efforts to manipulate genetic recombination and modify epigenetic landscapes and target genes for crop improvement.
Respiratory and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Survivors of Extremely Preterm Birth at 19 Years
Authors: John R. Hurst, Joanne Beckmann, Yanyan Ni, Charlotte E. Bolton, Carmel M. McEniery, John R. Cockcroft, Neil Marlow
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

Rationale: Growth and development during adolescence may modify the respiratory and vascular differences seen among extremely preterm (EP) individuals in childhood and early adolescence.Objectives: To assess the trajectory of respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes during transition to adulthood in a national longitudinal cohort study of births before 26 weeks of gestation in the United Kingdom and Ireland.Methods: A total of 129 EP participants and 65 control subjects attended for a center-based evaluation at 19 years of age. Standardized measures of spirometry, hemodynamics, functional capacity, and markers of inflammation were obtained from EP subjects with and without neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia and term-born control subjects at 19 years of age and compared with previous assessments.Measurements and Main Results: Compared with the control group, the EP group was significantly impaired on all spirometric parameters (mean FEV1z-score, -1.08 SD [95% confidence interval, -1.40 to -0.77]) and had lower fractional exhaled nitric oxide concentrations (13.9 vs. 24.4 ppb; P < 0.001) despite a higher proportion with bronchodilator reversibility (27% vs. 6%). The EP group had significantly impaired exercise capacity. All respiratory parameters were worse after neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and respiratory function differences were similar at 11 and 19 years. The augmentation index was 6% higher in the EP group and associated with increased total peripheral resistance (difference in means, 96.4 [95% confidence interval, 26.6-166.2] dyne/s/cm-5) and elevation in central, but not peripheral, blood pressure. Central systolic and diastolic blood pressures increased more quickly during adolescence in the EP group than in the control group.Conclusions: Clinicians should address both cardiovascular and respiratory risks in adult survivors of extremely preterm birth.
Erratum. Predicting 10-Year Risk of End-Organ Complications of Type 2 Diabetes With and Without Metabolic Surgery: A Machine Learning Approach. Diabetes Care 2020;43:852–859
Authors: Ali Aminian, Alexander Zajichek, David E. Arterburn, Kathy E. Wolski, Stacy A. Brethauer, Philip R. Schauer, Steven E. Nissen, Michael W. Kattan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

In the article cited above, the duality of interest disclosures were inadvertently omitted. The text below replaces the previous “Funding” and “Duality of Interest” sections:

Funding and Duality of Interest. This study was partially funded by an unrestricted grant from Medtronic. A.A. reports receiving grants from Medtronic. D.E.A. reports receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health National Institute of Diabetes …
Trends in Incidence of Cancers of the Oral Cavity and Pharynx — United States 2007–2016
Authors: Taylor D. Ellington, S. Jane Henley, Virginia Senkomago, Mary Elizabeth O’Neil, Reda J. Wilson, Simple Singh, Cheryll C. Thomas, Manxia Wu, Lisa C. Richardson
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)

Cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx account for 3% of cancers diagnosed in the United States* each year.Cancers at these sites can differ anatomically and histologically and might have different causal factors, such as tobacco use, alcohol use, and infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) (1).Incidence of combined oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers declined during the 1980s but began to increase around 1999 (2,3).Because tobacco use has declined in the United States, accompanied by a decrease in incidence of many tobaccorelated cancers, researchers have suggested that the increase in oral cavity and pharynx cancers might be attributed to anatomic sites with specific cell types in which HPV DNA is often found (4,5).U.S. Cancer Statistics † data were analyzed to examine trends in incidence of cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx by anatomic site, sex, race/ethnicity, and age group.During 2007-2016, incidence rates increased for cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx combined, base of tongue, anterior tongue, gum, tonsil, oropharynx, and other oral cavity and pharynx.Incidence rates declined for cancers of the lip, floor of mouth, soft palate and uvula, hard palate, hypopharynx, and nasopharynx, and were stable for cancers of the cheek and other mouth and salivary gland.Ongoing implementation of proven population-based strategies to prevent tobacco use initiation, promote smoking cessation, reduce excessive alcohol use, and increase HPV vaccination rates might help prevent cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx.Data on new cases of cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx (International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition: C00-C14) § reported during 2007-2016, the most * https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/dataviz. † https://www.cdc.gov/uscs.§ http://www.iacr.com.fr/index.php?option = com_content&view = category&layout = blog&id = 100&Itemid = 577.
Abstract 18: The Outcomes of Traumatic or Injured Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Ventricular Fibrillation: Implications for Use Automated External Defibrillator Use
Authors: Yen-Pin Chen, Jiun-Wei Chen, Kah-Meng Chong, Ming-Tai Cheng, Tsung-Chien Lu, Wen-Chu Chiang, Matthew Huei-Ming Ma, Patrick Chow-In Ko
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objectives: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) may not be often for traumatic or injured OHCA, the outcomes of traumatic or injured OHCA presenting with VF and the role of automated external defibrillat...
Molecular Targets in Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Colm J. O’Rourke, Patricia Munoz‐Garrido, Jesper B. Andersen
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) encompasses a heterogeneous collection of malignancies for which diagnostic biomarkers are lacking and population screening is infeasible because of its status as a rare disease. Coupled with high postsurgical recurrence rates among the minority of patients diagnosed at resectable stages, systemic clinical management will inevitably be required for the majority of patients with CCA with recurrent and advanced disease. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic potential of different classes of molecular targets at various stages of development in CCA, including those targeted to the tumor epithelia (oncogenic, developmental, metabolic, epigenomic) and tumor microenvironment (angiogenesis, checkpoint regulation). Furthermore, we discuss the successes and failures of CCA‐targeted therapies, emphasizing key lessons learned that should pave the way for future molecular target evaluation in this uncommon yet bona fide target‐rich disease.
Voriconazole for Secondary Prophylaxis of Invasive Fungal Infection in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: Results of the VOSIFI Study. on Behalf of the VOSIFI Study Group and the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Bone and Marrow Transplantation Group.
Authors: Catherine Cordonnier, Hermann Einsele, Montserrat Rovira, Johan Maertens, Eduardo Olavarria, Catherine Faucher, Oliver A Cornely, Rafael De La Camara, Claus-Peter Heussel, Marc Pineau, Per T. Ljungman
Journal: Blood (2008)
Association Between Ambient Air Pollution and Daily Hospital Admissions for Depression in 75 Chinese Cities
Authors: Xuelin Gu, Tongjun Guo, Yaqin Si, Jinxi Wang, Wangjian Zhang, Furong Deng, Libo Chen, Chen Wei, Shao Lin, Xinbiao Guo, Shaowei Wu
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2020)

Although the association between ambient air pollution and risk of depression has been investigated in several epidemiological studies, the evidence is still lacking for hospital admissions for depression, which indicates a more severe form of depressive episode. The authors used national morbidity data to investigate the association between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and daily hospital admissions for depression.Using data from the Chinese national medical insurance databases for urban populations, the authors conducted a two-stage time-series analysis to investigate the associations of short-term exposure to major ambient air pollutants-fine particles (PM2.5), inhalable particles (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), and carbon monoxide (CO)-and daily hospital admission risk for depression in 75 Chinese cities during the period 2013-2017.The authors identified 111,620 hospital admissions for depression in 75 cities. In the single-pollutant models, the effect estimates of all included air pollutants, with the exception of O3, were significant at several lags within 7 days. For example, 10 μg/m3 increases in PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 at lag01 were associated with increases of 0.52% (95% CI=0.03, 1.01), 0.41% (95% CI=0.05, 0.78), and 1.78% (95% CI=0.73, 2.83), respectively, in daily hospital admissions for depression. Subgroup, sensitivity, and two-pollutant model analyses highlighted the robustness of the effect estimates for NO2.The study results suggest that short-term exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with an increased risk of daily hospital admission for depression in the general urban population in China, which may have important implications for improving mental wellness among the public.
Hypomethylation Therapy of Decitabine in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Induces Apoptosis and Reduces Proliferation.
Authors: I. Jilani, H. Kantarjian, M. Gorre, J.-P. Issa, J. Bennett, A. Raza, F. Ravandi, H. Saba, M. Albitar
Journal: Blood (2005)
Abstract 185: The Association Between Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy and Neighborhood-Level Disadvantages: A Multi-Dimension Evaluation in the City of Chicago
Authors: Hai Nguyen, Marina Del Rios, Oksana Pugach, Hoang H Nguyen
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: The association between sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) and low socio-economic status has been well described in the literature. While the rate of SUDI had declined dramatically following successful campaigns that promoted safe sleeping habits, it has remained stable over the past decade and increasingly been confined to the most socially disadvantaged and vulnerable families. Racial and ethnic disparities persist. Despite extensive research associating the multitude of societal level factors associated with social and economic disadvantage and the increased risk of SUDI, their mechanisms on SUDI remain poorly understood. Hypothesis: A novel composite multi-dimensional marker of neighborhood-level disadvantage may be used to evaluate the association between SUDI and neighborhood-level disadvantages in the City of Chicago. Methods: Sudden unexpected death in infancy cases were identified from the Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival database. The composite neighborhood-level disadvantage index was derived using an explanatory factor analysis of the social economic factors recorded in the 2015 American Community Survey of the 77 community areas of the City of Chicago. We defined 3 levels of disadvantage: high, medium, and low. A geographic information system, was used to map the community areas’ disadvantage level and individual SUDI cases. Results: Ninety-one SUDI cases were identified. Non-Hispanic Black (64/91(70%)) and Hispanic (16/91 (18%)) comprised the majority of SUDI cases. Sudden unexpected death in infancy cases were highly concentrated in disadvantaged areas. Eighty-six cases (94.5%) occurred in high and medium disadvantaged areas while 5 cases (5.5%) occurred in the low and no disadvantaged areas (P &lt; 0.0001). Finally, SUDI cases from high and medium disadvantaged areas had a lower hospital admission rate when compared to those from the low and no disadvantaged areas (OR 0.04). Conclusions: The study confirms the persistent racial and socio-economic disparities in SUDI in the City of Chicago. The study’s use of a multi-dimensional composite index of neighborhood-level disadvantage and domestic violence would serve as the basis for further analyses and potential social intervention programs.
Mutations in the VKORC1 Gene Cause Warfarin Resistance, Warfarin Sensitivity and Combined Deficiency of Vitamin K Dependent Coagulation Factors.
Authors: Johannes Oldenburg, Simone Rost, Andreas Fregin, Christof Geisen, Vytautas Ivaskevicius, Erhard Seifried, Inge Scharrer, Maximilian Heistinger, Edward Tuddenham, Clemens Muller-Reible, Barbara Zieger
Journal: Blood (2004)
Viral load dynamics and disease severity in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Zhejiang province, China, January-March 2020: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shufa Zheng, Jian Fan, Fei Yu, Baihuan Feng, Bin Lou, Qianda Zou, Guoliang Xie, Sha Lin, Ruonan Wang, Xianzhi Yang, Weizhen Chen, Qi Wang, Dan Zhang, Yanchao Liu, Renjie Gong, Zhaohui Ma, Siming Lu, Yanyan Xiao, Yaxi Gu, Jinming Zhang, Hangping Yao, Kaijin Xu, Xiaoyang Lu, Guoqing Wei, Jianying Zhou, Qiang Fang, Hongliu Cai, Yunqing Qiu, Jifang Sheng, Yu Chen, Tingbo Liang
Journal: BMJ (2020)

To evaluate viral loads at different stages of disease progression in patients infected with the 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the first four months of the epidemic in Zhejiang province, China.
SARS-CoV2 infection and primary school closure
Authors: Philippe Vanhems
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2020)

Preview this article: SARS-CoV2 infection and primary school closure, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/25/15/eurosurv-25-15-5-1.gif
Blood-based test for diagnosis and functional subtyping of familial Mediterranean fever
Authors: Hanne Van Gorp, Linyan Huang, Pedro Saavedra, Marnik Vuylsteke, Tomoko Asaoka, Giusi Prencipe, Antonella Insalaco, Benson Ogunjimi, Jerold Jeyaratnam, Ilaria Cataldo, Peggy Jacques, Karim Vermaelen, Melissa Dullaers, Rik Joos, Vito Sabato, Alessandro Stella, Joost Frenkel, Fabrizio De Benedetti, Joke Dehoorne, Filomeen Haerynck, Giuseppe Calamita, Piero Portincasa, Mohamed Lamkanfi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most common monogenic autoinflammatory disease (AID) worldwide. The disease is caused by mutations in the MEFV gene encoding the inflammasome sensor Pyrin. Clinical diagnosis of FMF is complicated by overlap in symptoms with other diseases, and interpretation of genetic testing is confounded by the lack of a clear genotype-phenotype association for most of the 340 reported MEFV variants. In this study, the authors designed a functional assay and evaluated its potential in supporting FMF diagnosis.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from patients with Pyrin-associated autoinflammation with an FMF phenotype (n=43) or with autoinflammatory features not compatible with FMF (n=8), 10 asymptomatic carriers and 48 healthy donors. Sera were obtained from patients with distinct AIDs (n=10), and whole blood from a subset of patients and controls. The clinical, demographic, molecular genetic factors and other characteristics of the patient population were assessed for their impact on the diagnostic test read-out. Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 levels were measured by Luminex assay.The ex vivo colchicine assay may be performed on whole blood or PBMC. The functional assay robustly segregated patients with FMF from healthy controls and patients with related clinical disorders. The diagnostic test distinguished patients with classical FMF mutations (M694V, M694I, M680I, R761H) from patients with other MEFV mutations and variants (K695R, P369S, R202Q, E148Q) that are considered benign or of uncertain clinical significance.The ex vivo colchicine assay may support diagnosis of FMF and functional subtyping of Pyrin-associated autoinflammation.
New Therapy Offers Direct Cortisol Control for Cushing Disease
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 13964: Differential ex vivo Stabilization of Transthyretin by AG10 and Tafamidis in Samples From Patients With Moderate or Severely Destabilizing Mutations
Authors: Paul W Wong, Alan X Ji, Jonathan Fox, John L Berk, Uma Sinha
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis is a progressive, fatal disease caused by destabilizing TTR mutations and age-related factors. Dissociation of tetrameric TTR initiates protein misfold...
Upregulating Lin28a Promotes Axon Regeneration in Adult Mice with Optic Nerve and Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Fatima M. Nathan, Yosuke Ohtake, Shuo Wang, Xinpei Jiang, Armin Sami, Hua Guo, Feng-Quan Zhou, Shuxin Li
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2020)

Severed CNS axons fail to regenerate in adult mammals and there are no effective regenerative strategies to treat patients with CNS injuries. Several genes, including phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and Krüppel-like factors, regulate intrinsic growth capacity of mature neurons. The Lin28 gene is essential for cell development and pluripotency in worms and mammals. In this study, we evaluated the role of Lin28a in regulating regenerative capacity of diverse populations of CNS neurons in adult mammals. Using a neuron-specific Thy1 promoter, we generated transgenic mice that overexpress Lin28a protein in multiple populations of projection neurons, including corticospinal tracts and retinal ganglion cells. We demonstrate that upregulation of Lin28a in transgenic mice induces significant long distance regeneration of both corticospinal axons and the optic nerve in adult mice. Importantly, overexpression of Lin28a by post-injury treatment with adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2) vector stimulates dramatic regeneration of descending spinal tracts and optic nerve axons after lesions. Upregulation of Lin28a also enhances activity of the Akt signaling pathway in mature CNS neurons. Therefore, Lin28a is critical for regulating growth capacity of multiple CNS neurons and may become an important molecular target for treating CNS injuries. Severed CNS axons fail to regenerate in adult mammals and there are no effective regenerative strategies to treat patients with CNS injuries. Several genes, including phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and Krüppel-like factors, regulate intrinsic growth capacity of mature neurons. The Lin28 gene is essential for cell development and pluripotency in worms and mammals. In this study, we evaluated the role of Lin28a in regulating regenerative capacity of diverse populations of CNS neurons in adult mammals. Using a neuron-specific Thy1 promoter, we generated transgenic mice that overexpress Lin28a protein in multiple populations of projection neurons, including corticospinal tracts and retinal ganglion cells. We demonstrate that upregulation of Lin28a in transgenic mice induces significant long distance regeneration of both corticospinal axons and the optic nerve in adult mice. Importantly, overexpression of Lin28a by post-injury treatment with adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2) vector stimulates dramatic regeneration of descending spinal tracts and optic nerve axons after lesions. Upregulation of Lin28a also enhances activity of the Akt signaling pathway in mature CNS neurons. Therefore, Lin28a is critical for regulating growth capacity of multiple CNS neurons and may become an important molecular target for treating CNS injuries.