tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Shared and Usable Data From Phase 1 Oncology Trials—An Unmet Need
Authors: Andrea Arfè, Steffen Ventz, Lorenzo Trippa
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Awareness of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related knowledge in primary-care physicians at urban and suburban Shanghai and effectiveness of training
Authors: Yong Luo, Qing-teng Zhu, Zhi-jun Jie, Feng-feng Han, Wei-guo Xu
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Objective To investigate awareness of definition, diagnostic criteria, severity classification and standard diagnosis and treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among primary-care physicians at the grassroots in urban and suburban Shanghai.Methods In total, 298 physicians were surveyed by unified questionnaire for COPD-related knowledge in two secondary-care general hospitals (one in urban and suburban areas each ) and 12 community primary-care centers (four in urban and eight in suburban areas) in Shanghai.One hundred and fifteen physicians in two urban hospitals and one suburban hospital were trained professionally and then evaluated for its effectiveness.Results Awareness of diagnostic criteria of COPD was only 22.4% (35/156), 25.6% ( 10/39), 4.3 % (3/69)and 26.5% (9/34) among physicians in urban primary-care hospitals, urban secondary-care hospitals,suburban primary-care hospitals and suburban secondary-care hospitals, respectively.Their awareness of knowledge about use of anti-cholinergic agents was 13.5 % (21/156), 35.9 % ( 14/39), naught (0/69),and 14.7 % ( 5/34 ), respectively.Only 0.67 % of them ( 2/298 ) knew about severity classification of COPD.Awareness of definition and diagnostic criteria for COPD in the physicians increased to 72.2 % ( 83/115) after training from 18.2% (21/115) before it, and their awareness of severity classification for COPD increased to 45.2% (52/115) after training from 0.8 % (1/115) before it.Conclusions Awareness of COPD-related knowledge, especially of standard diagnosis and treatment for COPD, was poor in primary-care physicians at the grassroots in Shanghai, so it is necessary to strengthen training for them in COPD-related knowledge, including pulmonary function tests.

Key words: 
Pulmonary diseases, chronic obstructive;  Questionnaires;  Education, professional,retraining
Colorectal cancer under the age of 50 years in U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs: Is there a role of early screening?
Authors: Abdul Moiz Khan, Zainub Ajmal, Usman Naseer, Darren Gemoets, Syed Arzoo Mehdi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

4072 Background: While the overall incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is decreasing, the rate has increased in population under 50, with higher stages at diagnosis and a greater proportion of African Americans (AA). Hence, there is an ongoing debate about the age of CRC screening. These trends have not been studied in the VA population. Methods: ICD-10 codes C18-C20 were used to identify the cases of colon and rectal cancer in National VA Cancer Cube Registry. 43,544 cases of colon cancer, 1,278 below and 42,254 above age 50, and 19,815 cases of rectal cancer, 862 below and 18,948 above age 50 were identified between 2003-17. Younger age group was defined as patients less than 50 years old. IRB approval was obtained. Results: Our data comprised &gt; 97% of male patients. In younger group, in the 5 year periods, 2003-07, 2008-12 and 2013-17, colon cancer rate increased from 2.59% to 2.79% to 3.59%, while for rectal cancer it increased from 3.5% to 4.3% to 5.3% (p &lt; .0001). Blacks comprise 31.6% cases of colon cancer and 27.15% cases of rectal cancer in under 50 group, compared to 18.5% and 15.9% of cases in above 50 group respectively (p &lt; .0001). For under 50 group, 48.6% cases of colon and 42.2% cases of rectal cancer were diagnosed in stage III or IV compared to 35.7% and 34.05% cases in above 50 group respectively (p &lt; .0001). For colon cancer, 51.87% of patients in the younger group have a &lt; 5 year survival, worse compared to 45.05% in 50-60 group (p &lt; .0001) and similar to 49.3% in 60-70 group (p = .08). For rectal cancer, 5 year survival showed no difference between these groups. Stage specific survival shows no difference for either colon or rectal cancer across &lt; 50, 50-60 and 60-70 age groups. Conclusions: Rate of CRC is rising in &lt; 50 age group with more advanced stage at diagnosis and higher proportion of African Americans. For colon cancer, &lt; 50 group has a worse 5 year survival as compared to 50-60 age group likely due to increased proportion of patients in stage III or IV, as there is no difference in stage specific survival. For rectal cancer, the 5 year survival or stage specific survival shows no difference in &lt; 50, 50-60 and 60-70 groups. These results add to our understanding of the trends of CRC and should be accounted for in the screening guidelines.
Radioparp: A phase I of olaparib with radiation therapy (RT) in patients with inflammatory, locoregionally advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) or patient with operated TNBC with residual disease—Preliminary results.
Authors: Youlia M. Kirova, Delphine Loirat, Frederique Berger, Manuel Rodrigues, Louis Bazire, Jean-Yves Pierga, Francesco Ricci, Kim Cao, Anne Vincent -Salomon, Fatima Laki, Cyrine Ezzili, Laurence Raizonville, Veronique Mosseri, Souhir Neffati, Mounia Ezzalfani, Alain Fourquet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

571 Background: Preclinical studies have shown that cell lines and murine models of TNBC phenotype are more sensitive to PARP1 inhibitors. This evidence provides strong rationale for developing a new therapeutic approach to TNBC based on targeting the DNA-repair defects via PARP inhibition. Methods: The purpose of this study was to report the Maximal Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Olaparib (O) administered concurrently with locoregional RT and evaluate the Dose-Limiting Toxicity (DLT). Results: Twenty-four pts with performance status 0-1 were enrolled between 09/2017 and 11/2019. Of them, 21 underwent adjuvant RT-O because poor response to NAC, and 3 received preoperative RT+O because of progression after NAC. The patients’ profile is given in table. All patients received full course RT-O, as following: 4 pts at dose 50mg bid; 8 at 100x2; 7 at 150x2, and 5 at 200x2. No DLT was observed. Two pts (8.7%) experienced acute grade 3 dermatitis no grade 4 toxicities related to the RT were observed. The O-related toxicity was acceptable with mostly grade 1-2 symptoms. The only grade 3-4 hematological toxicity was lymphopenia in 11 cases. Conclusions: Dose of O was escalated to the target dose of 200 mgx2, without DLT. Further follow up is needed to evaluate the late toxicities. Clinical trial information: NCT03109080 . [Table: see text]
Correlation of parents' birth weight and fetal macrosomia
Authors: Hua Jiang, Qiu-wei Wang, Xin-bin Wang, Guo-feng Xu
Journal: BMJ (2011)

To investigate relationship between birth-weight of parents and fetal macrosomia and its genetic susceptibility. A case-control study with 237 macrosomia and 257 normal birth-weight babies was conducted to retrospectively analyze their parents' birth weight and mothers' conditions during pregnancy. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that risk of macrosomia increased with increase in maternal birth-weight (OR = 1. 707, 95% CI: 1. 145 - 2. 545) and paternal birth-weight (OR = 1.979, 95%CI:1.306 -2.998). Macrosomia is fetal obesity and related to multi-gene susceptibility with heritability of 74.48%. Maternal effect on macrosomia may come from her obesity gene and intrauterine condition, while paternal effect mainly exhibits by his obesity gene carriage.

Key words: 
Fetal macrosomia;  Heredity
Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy combined with apatinib and toripalimab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Real-world data from a single center.
Authors: Yang-Kui Gu, Tian-Qi Zhang, Zi-Lin Huang, Zhi-Jun Geng, Chen Chen, Fu-Gui Li, Li Xu, Jian Sun, Jibin Li, Zhi-Mei Huang, Lujun Shen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e16602 Background: Outcomes remain poor for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), antiangiogenic agents, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are available monotherapy options. Considering different anti-malignancy mechanisms, combining these three modalities may improve outcomes. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety in a small cohort treated with HAIC combined with Apatinib and ICI (Toripalimab) for advanced HCC patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective study included patients with advanced HCC treated in the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. Patients received 6 treatment cycles of 21 days, with HAIC given over an initial period of 50 hours (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m 2 , then folinic acid 400 mg/m 2 , then fluorouracil 2500 mg/m 2 ). Patients also received apatinib (250 mg daily, starting day 8 of cycle 1), toripalimab (240 mg on day 4 of each cycle, starting with cycle 2), both continuing after the HAIC cycles until disease progression. Disease control was assessed using the RECIST 1.1 and mRECIST criteria. Safety was assessed using the CTCAE 5.0. Blood biomarkers (AFP and PIVKA-II) were log transferred and compared at baseline and last follow-up. Results: From April to August 2019, 6 patients (5 males, 51.7±11.6 years) were included. All patients finished 6 cycles of HAIC. After a median follow-up of 7.0 (range, 3.9-8.3) months, all patients remained objective response (6 PR by RECIST; 3 CR and 3 PR by mRECIST). Median time to response was 1.3 (range, 0.7-2.0) months. Blood logAFP (baseline: 3.2±1.6, last follow-up: 1.3±1.4; p = 0.029) and logPIVKA-II (baseline: 4.4±0.6, last follow-up: 2.0±1.4; p = 0.006) levels were significantly decreased after treatment. The most common adverse events (AEs) included hypertension, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, and anorexia, observed in all patients. Four patients had Grade 3 AEs (myelosuppression in 2; palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia, hypothyroidism, anorexia, hyperbilirubinemia and hypokalemia in 1). No Grade 4/5 AEs occurred. Conclusions: In patients with advanced HCC, treatment with strategically timed triple combination therapy of HAIC, apatinib, and toripalimab shows promising clinical benefit and safety. [Table: see text]
Tele-oncology in the COVID-19 Era: The Way Forward?
Authors: Manasi Mahesh Shirke, Safwan Ahmed Shaikh, Amer Harky
Journal: Trends in cancer (2020)

COVID-19 has had a devastating impact on the care of cancer patients. Thus, tele-oncology has become a necessity to improve cancer care. Several organisations have issued guidelines for its use during COVID-19. Despite certain shortcomings, tele-oncology has great potential to help cancer patients during COVID-19 and in the future.
Evaluation of mood disorders in bladder cancer patients and their primary caregivers.
Authors: Daniel Au, Connor Chestnut, Andrew Brevik, Mateo Kirwan, John A Taylor, Kadie Harry, Meagan L Dwyer, Jeffrey Thompson, Elizabeth Marie Wulff-Burchfield
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e17013 Background: Mood disorders are prevalent in cancer patients in general and in bladder cancer specifically. New psychiatric diagnoses post-bladder cancer treatment are associated with decreased survival. Bladder cancer management is cost- and labor-intensive from a healthcare and social standpoint. Tools such as Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathways have been developed to lower this burden of care, but focus entirely on physiologic parameters without addressing the psycho-social burden of bladder cancer or its treatment. Data is lacking regarding prevalence of mood disorders in bladder cancer patients, especially those with non-muscle-invasive disease, their caregivers, and regarding the relationship between patient and caregiver mood disorders. Methods: A cross-sectional dyadic study of 96 bladder cancer patients and their self-designated primary caregivers. Study utilized retrospective chart review and separate telephone interviews of patient and caregiver. Patients must have received initial diagnosis or proven recurrence within the past 24 and 12 months, respectively, and have no metastatic disease. Surveys included Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) for depression, General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) for anxiety, Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) for health-related quality of life, and a financial toxicity measure. Pearson correlation and regression models were used for analysis. Results: 49% (9.3% moderate to severe, 40.2% mild) of bladder cancer patients and 33% of caregivers (7.2% moderate to severe, 24.8% mild) had symptoms of depression. Patients’ PHQ-9 scores were moderately correlated with their caregiver, r = 0.49 (95% CI 0.32,0.63 p &lt; 0.001). GAD-7 scores were not correlated between patient and caregiver r = 0.08 (95% CI 0.12,0.28 p = 0.45). Both patient (r = -0.31, 95%CI -0.48,-0.10 p &lt; 0.004) and caregiver (r = -0.41, 95%CI -0.58,-0.22 p &lt; 0.001) incomes were inversely associated with depression symptoms. Results were similar when stratified by non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive status. Conclusions: Depression is common among bladder cancer patients and their caregivers and these symptoms are correlated between patient and their caregiver. This correlation did not appear to hold true with respect to anxiety. Financial situation may play a role as increasing income was negatively correlated with depression symptoms. Patient and caregiver may both experience adverse psycho-social consequences from bladder cancer and treatments and pose a joint opportunity for intervention to lower burden of care.
Insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling in tumorigenesis and drug resistance: a challenge for cancer therapy
Authors: Hui Hua, Qingbin Kong, Jie Yin, Jin Zhang, Yangfu Jiang
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2020)

Abstract Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) play important roles in mammalian growth, development, aging, and diseases. Aberrant IGFs signaling may lead to malignant transformation and tumor progression, thus providing the rationale for targeting IGF axis in cancer. However, clinical trials of the type I IGF receptor (IGF-IR)-targeted agents have been largely disappointing. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the IGF axis not only promotes tumorigenesis, but also confers resistance to standard treatments. Furthermore, there are diverse pathways leading to the resistance to IGF-IR-targeted therapy. Recent studies characterizing the complex IGFs signaling in cancer have raised hope to refine the strategies for targeting the IGF axis. This review highlights the biological activities of IGF-IR signaling in cancer and the contribution of IGF-IR to cytotoxic, endocrine, and molecular targeted therapies resistance. Moreover, we update the diverse mechanisms underlying resistance to IGF-IR-targeted agents and discuss the strategies for future development of the IGF axis-targeted agents.
Health-related quality-of-life results from SANET-ep: A phase III study of surufatinib versus placebo for advanced extrapancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Authors: Chunmei Bai, Jianming Xu, Lin Shen, Jie Li, Zhiwei Zhou, Yihebali Chi, Zhiping Li, Nong Xu, Enxiao LI, Tianshu Liu, Yuxian Bai, Ying Yuan, Xingya Li, Xiuwen Wang, Jia Chen, Jieer Ying, Jing Li, Songhua Fan, Mengye Peng, Weiguo Su
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

4613 Background: In the phase 3 study (SANET-ep, NCT02588170), surufatinib significantly prolonged progression free survival compared with placebo in patients with progressive, well-differentiated advanced extrapancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (epNETs) (ESMO 2019 Abs. LBA76). Here, we report the results of health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) from this study. Methods: Eligible patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive surufatinib or placebo, 300 mg, orally, once daily, until disease progression or intolerable adverse events. Patient-reported outcome questionnaires, including the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 and the QLQ-G.I.NET-21, were collected at baseline, Day 15 of the first cycle (28 Days/cycle), and Day 1 of every cycle thereafter and at discontinuation. Time until definitive deterioration (TUDD) was defined as time from randomization to deterioration of 10 points in domain score compared with baseline score (without subsequent observations of deterioration of less than 10 point or any improvement as compared to baseline score), or death due to any cause. TUDD and mean change from baseline based on a longitudinal repeated measures analysis of each domain were analyzed retrospectively. Significance testing was at two-sided 0.05 without adjustment for multiplicity. Results: Of 198 pts randomized (surufatinib n = 129; placebo n = 69), 197 (99.5%) patients completed HRQoL questionnaires at baseline. The questionnaire compliance rate was &gt;90% for most on-treatment assessments. The TUDD was significantly longer in the surufatinib arm versus the placebo arm in the dyspnea domain (hazard ratio [HR] 0.52, p = 0.0103) and social function scale (HR 0.58, p = 0.0222), while the TUDD of diarrhea was significantly shorter in the surufatinib arm compared to placebo (HR 2.68, p = 0.0074). There was no significant difference of TUDD in the remaining domains of QLQ-C30 and G.I.NET-21. There was also no significant difference of the mean change of scores from baseline by repeated measures in the domains between the two arms except diarrhea (increase of 14.0 points [95% CI 9.6, 18.4] in the surufatinib arm versus 2.1 points [95% CI -4.1, 8.4] in the placebo arm, p = 0.0007). Conclusions: Treatment with surufatinib resulted in superior efficacy, acceptable toxicity, while generally maintaining HRQoL, which support surufatinib as a treatment option in this patient population that was previously treated with available therapies for epNETs. Clinical trial information: NCT02588170 .
全科医生抢救急危重症患者时实施心电图检查的意义和要点
Authors: 冯庚
Journal: BMJ (2008)

心电图(electrocardiogram,ECG)由荷兰的willem Einthoven大夫在1903年发明并首先在临床上应用,它将被检查者的心电活动以图形的方式表达和记录,能够直观、客观和比较准确地反映被检者的心脏电活动状况。
GATA3 induces the upregulation of UCP-1 by directly binding to PGC-1α during adipose tissue browning
Authors: Min Jeong Son, Kyoung-Jin Oh, Anna Park, Min-Gi Kwon, Jae Myoung Suh, Il-Chul Kim, Seyun Kim, Sang Chul Lee, Won Kon Kim, Kwang-Hee Bae
Journal: Metabolism (2020)
The teaching and assessment of general practice training program in Shanghai: Practice and experiences
Authors: Sun-fang Jiang, Juan Shou, Xiang-jie Zhang, Zhi-gang Pan, Ming-hui Peng, Yuan Zhang, Shan-zhu Zhu
Journal: BMJ (2011)

General practice (GP) training program in Shanghai has been carried out in Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University,which consists of theoretical study,clinical rotation and community practice.The contents of assessment include clinical competences,theoretical knowledge,and research capability; the methods of assessment include objective structured clinical examination,multiple choice tests,and assay writing.During the program implementation Zhongshan Hospital exert great efforts to set up the teaching management framework,quality control system,and to improve teaching methods in order to upgrade the clinical capability training for the residents.

Key words: 
Teaching; General practitioner
冠心病患者治疗前后血浆细胞因子和高敏C反应蛋白的变化及意义
Authors: 田颖, 王江, 李振魁, 周裔忠, 于林君, 祝善俊
Journal: BMJ (2006)

将164例冠心病患者根据病情分为稳定型心绞痛(SA)、不稳定型心绞痛(UA)和急性心肌梗死(AMI)3组,分别在入院和治疗后3个月时检测外周血肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)1、IL-6和高敏C反应蛋白(Hs-CRP)浓度,并与45例年龄、性别相当的健康体检者进行比较.结果示冠心病组外周血细胞因子和CRP水平均显著高于对照组,其增高程度与冠心病病情轻重一致,且治疗前后差异有统计学意义.提示冠心病患者外周血炎症介质水平增高,对其进行检测可以指导冠心病的临床诊治,合理的治疗能降低炎症介质水平。
Anti-Her2neu directed therapy in advanced gall bladder cancer: A prospective, multicenter experience from India.
Authors: Chandan Krushna Das, Amol Patel, Abhishek Raj, Vineet Govinda Gupta, Prashant Mehta, Sainath Bhethanabhotla, Rakesh Reddy, Ajay Yadav
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e16682 Background: Prognosis of Gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains unchanged over the last 20 years. Her2neu amplification is present in 17% of cases of advanced GBC. We present our experience of anti Her2 targeted therapy. Methods: This is a multicenter, prospective, observational study conducted in northern India from Sept2017-Sept2019. All consecutive patients were tested for Her2neu by standard techniques or next-generation sequencing (NGS). Trastuzumab or Lapatinib was used as the anti Her2 therapy along with chemotherapy. Outcome measures were overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) and compared to historical controls. Data were censored on 31Dec2019. Results: A total of 181 patients were screened; 38 (20.9%) patients were positive for Her2neu or Her3neu. Demographic details are depicted in the table. Her2 was detected by IHC 18 (47%), FISH 6(15.7%) or NGS 14(36.8%). Five patients were positive for Her3 mutation and/or amplification. Twenty-one patients received anti Her2 therapy upfront with chemotherapy. At a median follow-up of 6.8 months, median PFS was 4.1 months for chemotherapy only (n = 85) and 9.7 months for trastuzumab with chemotherapy (n = 21) (HR 0.22; P &lt; 0.05). The median OS was 14 and 6 months in patients with or without trastuzumab-based therapy (HR 0.08 P = 0.001), respectively. Trastuzumab with chemotherapy was well tolerated. Conclusions: Her2neu directed therapy significantly improve ORR, PFS, and OS in GBC with no added toxicities in the first line. It must be evaluated in a randomized phase 3 clinical trials. [Table: see text]