tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neurofunctional Domains Derived From Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Laura E. Kwako, Melanie L. Schwandt, Vijay A. Ramchandani, Nancy Diazgranados, George F. Koob, Nora D. Volkow, Carlos Blanco, David Goldman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2019)

Objective: The authors evaluated whether three neurofunctional domains proposed to be critical in the addiction cycle, namely, incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function, could be identified through factor analysis of a deeply phenotyped clinical sample. Methods: Clinical, behavioral, and self-report measures of addiction, personality, cognition, behavior, and exposure to early-life stress were collected as part of a screening and natural history study of alcohol use disorders in 454 individuals representing the spectrum of alcohol use and use disorders. The multiple indicators, multiple causes (MIMIC) approach was used to identify significant predictors of the latent factors identified by the analysis. Results: The results showed significant support for both three- and four-factor models to explain biobehavioral variation in this sample of participants with alcohol use disorder and control subjects, but the three-factor model had the best fit indices. With some nuances, including cross-correlation (lack of independence) between the three factors, the factors corresponded to incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function (executive control). The MIMIC model revealed that both exposure to early-life stress and sociodemographic variables predicted these factors. Conclusions: These findings suggest that three correlated neurofunctional domains are relevant for alcohol use disorder. More work is required to validate and standardize measures of neurofunctional domains in alcohol use disorder, to extend these findings to other addictive disorders, and to relate variations in them to predisposition, clinical course, treatment response, neuroimaging data, and other psychophysical indicators.
Unravelling the Heterogeneity of Mantle Cell Lymphoma Ecosystem By Single Cell RNA Sequencing
Authors: Makhdum Ahmed, Hui Guo, Shaojun Zhang, Lalit Sehgal, Preetesh Jain, Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna, Chi Young Ok, Angela Leeming, Yixin Yao, Liang Zhang, Krystle Nomie, Linghua Wang, Michael Wang
Journal: Blood (2018)
A randomized trial comparing best supportive care (BSC) versus multimodality approach (MA) to fight against cachexia in patients with cancer treated with chemotherapy.
Authors: Frederic Forget, Nicolas Frusch, Lisbeth Trokay, Clemantine Archen, anne-Caroline Courtois
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e20655 Background: Cachectic patients respond less to anticancer therapy, have more side effects, poorer overall survival and quality of life. Most of the published trial concerning cancer cachexia patients management has a unimodal approach, and miss their target. In this trial we tried to utilize a multimodal approach Methods: 54 patients with PS 0 (n=3), 1 (n=34) or 2 (n=15) on chemotherapy for various cancer, have cachexia (weight loss ≥ 5% body weight within the prior 6 months) or at high risk for cachexia (radio chemotherapy planed on the upper part of the digestive tract) where randomized 1:2 between BSC or MA. In MA they received mirtazapin 30mg/d, weekly advice from a dietician, physical exercise (daily alone and weekly with a physiotherapist). Psychological support was available if needed. All the patient hold a diary to collect their data. The patients were evaluated at inclusion and after 3 months. Their weight, hand grip strength (HGST), Mid upper muscle circumference (MAMC), quality of life (QLQ C-30), PG-SGA, CRP, albumin, and compliance were collected. Due to loss of follow up (N= 20), death (N=9) and whitdrawel of consent (N=2) only 23 patients could be assessed. Results: Compliance: In the MA arm, all the patients received weekly dietary advice, only 67% took Mirtazapin and 41% increased their physical activity. Conclusions: Compliance is a major issue with those unfit patients, they had great difficulties to follow the dietetics advices and the physical exercice program. This impact the chance of succes of MA . MA is feasible but, due to the small number of randomized patients and due to the number of patients who where not anymore evaluable after 3 months, it is impossible to make conclusions. However, it seems that the diminution of the QoL is less in the MA arm. So it should be interesting to continue this approach but include patients earlier in there disease. Patients randomized BSC N=20 Patients randomized MA N=34 Variables T0 Frequence T+3 months N T0 Frequence T+3 months % BMI 25,0 kg/m2 24,4 kg/m2 23,9 kg/m2 23,2 kg/m2 HGST 27,0 N 24,0 N 28,6 N 24,8 N MAMC 24,7 cm 23,3 cm 23,7 cm 22,9 cm PG-SGA > 9 N=11(57 %) N=4(44%) N=19(61 %) N=6(60%) Qol 58,8 56,5 60,2 59,5
Automated assays for von Willebrand factor activity
Authors: Russell A. Higgins, Andrew J. Goodwin
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2018)

von Willebrand factor (VWF) ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF:RCo) by platelet aggregometry has been considered the gold standard for evaluating the ability of VWF to bind platelets for over 40 years. Many automated systems no longer require platelets and rather rely on agglutination of latex particles. Automated methods of measuring VWF activity have improved performance characteristics and are performed on the same coagulation instruments used for routine testing via immunoturbidimetric methodology. Alternatively, a newer chemiluminescence assay system for measuring VWF activity demonstrates excellent performance characteristics. As these methods are becoming widely used, it is important to assess their performance in diagnosing and monitoring different types of von Willebrand disease. We review the automated methodologies and the published performance of these VWF assays. Advantages and limitations of these automated methods are discussed.
The REZOLVE phase II trial to evaluate the safety and potential palliative benefit of intraperitoneal bevacizumab in patients with symptomatic ascites due to advanced, chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer.
Authors: Katrin Marie Sjoquist, Michael Friedlander, Linda R. Mileshkin, Michael Quinn, Jeffrey C. Goh, Catherine M. Shannon, David Bowtell, Magdalena Plebanski, Sonia Yip, Kerri Carlton, Kim Gillies, Julie Martyn, Val Gebski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

TPS5627 Background: We hypothesise that intraperitoneal (IP) administration of bevacizumab will reduce formation, and delay time to re-accumulation, of ascites in patients with malignant ascites and chemotherapy-resistant ovarian and related cancers. The aim is to evaluate the activity of IP bevacizumab in delaying re-accumulation of ascites in patients with chemotherapy resistant ovarian, peritoneal and fallopian tube cancers with symptomatic ascites. The primary objective is to evaluate the activity of IP bevacizumab to reduce formation or delay re-accumulation of malignant ascites (median time from first to second therapeutic ascitic drainage). Secondary outcomes: (1) safety (2) activity of a second dose of IP bevacizumab (median time from second to third therapeutic ascitic drainage) (3) HRQOL. Correlative objectives include assessment of molecular mechanisms of ascites formation and changes in inflammatory markers over time. Methods: Eligibility: Patients with platinum resistant/refractory recurrent ovarian cancer with symptomatic, cytologically confirmed malignant ascites that has recurred following therapeutic ascitic drainage within 4 weeks prior to study registration, who are no longer receiving chemotherapy. Treatment: Patients will undergo therapeutic drainage and bevacizumab (5 mg/kg) administered as an IP infusion in 100ml saline followed by 400mL saline over 30-60 minutes. This procedure may be repeated, providing the paracentesis occurs at least 42 days after each administration of bevacizumab. Post-drainage abdominal ultrasound will document remaining fluid volume. Ultrasound and estimation of ascites volume will be performed within 48 hours prior to each clinical assessment (every 3 weeks while on study). 16 patients will give 80% power with 95% confidence to exclude a rate of 20% in favour of a clinically meaningful rate of 54% of patients paracentesis-free at 6 weeks Summary:Study is open at 3 of 5 planned sites and 1 patient has been recruited. Funding: Cancer Australia (APP1050134) and seed funding from the Ovarian Cancer Research Foundation. Clinical trial information: ACTRN12611000801910.
Abstract 14523: Two-Year Benefit-Risk of Standard and Reduced Doses of Rivaroxaban versus Vitamin-K Antagonists in Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Cohort Study in the French Nationwide Claims Database
Authors: Nicholas Moore, Laurent Fauchier, Caroline Dureau-Pournin, Marie-Agnès Bernard, Régis Lassalle, Frédéric Sacher, Jean Dallongeville, Cécile Droz-Perroteau, Patrick Blin
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Real-life benefit and risk for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) of rivaroxaban 20mg (R20), the standard dose, and rivaroxaban 15mg (R15), the recommended d...
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression in patients with advanced cervical cancer.
Authors: Lokesh Viswanath, T. Naveen, P. Siddanna, P. Chetana, M. Geethasree, P. Sridhar, C. R. Tanvir Pasha, J. Bindhu, Kallur Paramesh Renuka Pramod, D. Ashalatha, V. Priyadarshni, G. V. Ajai, V. Ashwini, A. Mahalakshmi, T. Riach, S. Sugashwaran, T. Yeshaswini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e16538 Background: Over-expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in many cancers makes it an attractive therapeutic target. The magnitude to which EGFR is over expressed in cervical cancer (Ca Cx) is not known in our population. Objective of the study was to evaluate the status of EGFR overexpression in Cervical Cancer. Methods: Ca Cx, FIGO staging, Punch Biopsy. Routine investigations. Treatment: Chemoradiation (RT) and post-RT, response evaluation was done at 3month. Tumor Tissue EGFR was evaluated with Immunohistochemistry, 5 micron sections, Monoclonal primary antibody murine ioR3 (1:50 dilution). Evaluation: Cytoplasmic and nuclear positivity for EGFR antibody. Scoring proportion score (PS)- EGFR expression in % of tumor cells, intensity of staining (IS) – nil/1+/2+/3+. Total Score = PS + IS (0-8). Definition: Low EGFR expression = PS<3 and TS < 4, high EGFR expression = PS > 3 and TS > 4, IS – 0 negative (if < 5% of tumor cells show mild positivity for EGFR). Results: Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cervix, n = 78, Mean age 50.9yrs, Stage I - 5.7%, II -18.57%, III-61.42% and IV-14.28%. High EGFR over expression (PS>3/TS>4) was seen in 91.02% of cervical cancer (71/78) patientsand low (PS<3/TS<4) = 8.97%. It was observed that the mean TS Score in Stage I and II (n=17) - 3.17, III (n=48) - 6.6 and IV (n=13) - 8. As stage increased so did PS and IS. PS (% cell) Stage I-II – 26% and Stage III and IV – 73.7% and 90% respectively. PS score increased as tumor size increased i.e, T size <4cms -32% and >4 cms 83.9%. PS in Exophytic tumors - 46% and ulceroinfiltrative-89%. In subjects with PS <15% and > 15% pre-RT visible tumor size in cervix 6.4sq cms and 21.4 Sq Cms respectively. Response to RT PS <15% and > 15% visible tumor size 0.87 sq cmsand 2.6 Sq Cms respectively, demonstrating that subjects with high EGFR expression had poor response to RT with residual disease in the Cervix. Conclusions: EGFR is overexpressed in 91% of advanced Cervical Cancer. Tumor size >4cms and ulcerative lesions show signifcantly higher EGFR overexpression. Preliminary observations of response to chemoradiation shows that, subjects with high EGFR expression have poor response to RT. There is a need for greater interest in use of biologic agents targeting EGFR in cervical cancer along with chemoradiation.
Does malnutrition at diagnosis of metastatic lung cancer impacts overall survival?
Authors: Damien Vansteene, Sandrine Hiret, Hélène Senellart, Jaafar Bennouna, Dominique Darmaun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e19134 Background: The objective of this retrospective study was to assess the impact of malnutrition in patients treated in 2012 at the Integrated Center for Oncology René Gauducheau (Nantes, France) by palliative platinium based chemotherapy and pemetrexed for a lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: We determined for these patients if they were malnourished or well-nourished at diagnosis (as defined by a weight loss > 5% in 1 month or > 10% in 6 months, or a body mass index ≤ 18.5 under 70 years old or < 21 after 70 years old, or hypoalbuminemia < 30 g/L under 70 years old or < 35 g/L after 70 years old). Results: Among the 48 patients eligible for study, 15 were not included because it was impossible to determine if they were malnourished or not; 14 patients were malnourished at diagnosis and 19 patients were well-nourished. Other than in cases of anorexia, malnourished patients didn’t experience more adverse effects of chemotherapy. Treatment response was equal in the two groups. The median overall survival was shorter for malnourished patients than for well-nourished patients (8 months vs not reached, p=0,0015, HR 5,088 ; 95% CI : 1,993 – 16,62). Nutritional support was given most frequently to malnourished patients than to well-nourished patients (64,3% vs 21,1%, p=0,0286) and care consisted of counseling for 7,1% of malnourished patients and 10,5% of well-nourished patients and oral supplements for 50% and 10,5% respectively. Enteral feeding was given to one malnourished patient and another one refused it. None received parenteral nutrition. Conclusions: Our results suggest that malnourished patients upon diagnosis don’t suffer more side effects from chemotherapy than well-nourished patients. Yet they have poorer overall survival. Early nutritional care integrated to support care is required for patients with metastatic lung cancer.
Efficacy of recombinant human endostatin combined with chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Authors: Yuanyuan Li, Feng Jin, Weili Wu, Jinghua Long, Xiulin Luo, Xiuyun Gong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e17045 Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the efficacy and safety of recombinant human endostatin (endostar) combined with chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: 54 patients with locally advanced NPC who received endostar combined with chemoradiotherapy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy were selected as the study group, and another 46 ones with locally advanced NPC who received chemoradiotherapy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone were chosen as the control group at the same term. Specific chemotherapy regimen: docetaxel 75 mg/m2, DDP 80 mg/m2, every 21 days for one cycle; two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy; concurrent chemotherapy with single DDP. The patients in the study group received 2 cycles of endostar (7.5 mg/m2, d8-d21 during neoadjuvant chemotherapy and d1-d14 during concurrent chemotherapy). The planned doses of IMRT to gross tumor volume and positive cervical lymph nodes were 69.96-73.92 Gy and 69.96 Gy in 33 fractions, respectively. Results: The median follow-ups were 12.5 months in the study group and 13.0 months in the control group. The efficacy of study group was slightly higher than that of control group. There were no significant differences regarding the CR of nasopharyngeal primary tumor (57.4% vs. 50.0%, p=0.321) and the CR of positive cervical lymph nodes (63.0% vs. 50.0%, p=0.052). There were no significant differences about 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate (94% vs. 100%, p=0.34). Compared with control group, the study group had higher incidence at grade 3+4 granulocyte reduction (42.6% vs. 21.7%, p=0.028). Three patients suffered from temporary cardiac arrhythmias events in the study group. All patients completed the study and there were no treatment-related deaths. Conclusions: The efficacy of endostar combined with chemoradiotherapy and chemotherapy for locally advanced NPC is more significant, with tolerable side effects.
Adherence to a breast cancer survivorship care plan.
Authors: Wendy C. Budin, Deborah M. Axelrod, JoAnne M. Jaravata, Julia Anne Smith, Robin L. Kleinman, Kristin D. Pego, Frances Cartwright
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e20610 Background: In 2006 the Institute of Medicine issued recommendations for individualized survivorship care plans (SCP). In response, in 2009, an interdisciplinary team at an ambulatory breast service in a large urban academic medical center developed a SCP and conducted patient surveys to lay the foundation into a new EMR system. We report on baseline adherence to recommendations for follow-up care. Methods: Survey data documenting demographics and adherence to follow-up recommendations were collected from 100 consecutive breast cancer survivors. Results: Median age at diagnosis was 50y. Over three quarters of respondents completed higher education. Time from diagnosis was: < 5yrs, 32.6%; 5-10yrs, 35.1%, and >10yrs, 32.5%. 45% of responders received chemotherapy and half of these (22.5% of the total) were rendered menopausal by treatment with sleeplessness and vaginal dryness reported by 40%. Alcohol intake was reported by 2/3 of respondents as follows: 9.2% 1-2 drinks/daily, 16.9% >14 drinks/week, and 47.7% reported only occasional use. 89% used dietary supplement/vitamins and 43% took herbs. Co-morbid conditions included: history of heart disease, 55%; diabetes, 8.2%; hypertension, 25%; overweight, 57.6%; and 1/3 of responders reported taking 3 or more medications. Adherence rates for recommended follow-up screening were as follows: primary care visit < 1yr, 87%; GYN visit <1yr, 73%; PAP < 1yr, 69.7%; bone density < 2yrs, 98%; yearly skin check, 53%; colonoscopy < 5yrs, 77.8%; vision check, 82%; yearly flu vaccine, 53%. When queried about preference for the setting of continued health maintenance, 68% responded that one team would be ideal, 29% were “comfortable with their arrangements” and 3% had no preference between single team approach vs multiple visit approach. Conclusions: Focus on survivorship continues to increase in importance as the efficacy of our treatments improve and patients live longer. Assessing particular characteristics of a given demographic population will enable population directed research, guidelines and targeted recommendations, and development of interventions for healthy lifestyles. It is anticipated that the widespread implementation of EMRs will aid in this endeavor and eventuate in multiple institution analysis.
[18F]Florbetapir positron emission tomography: identification of muscle amyloid in inclusion body myositis and differentiation from polymyositis
Authors: James B Lilleker, Richard Hodgson, Mark Roberts, Karl Herholz, James Howard, Rainer Hinz, Hector Chinoy
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

With the tools available currently, confirming the diagnosis of inclusion body myositis (IBM) can be difficult. Many patients are initially misdiagnosed with polymyositis (PM). In this observational study at a UK adult neuromuscular centre, we investigated whether amyloid positron emission tomography could differentiate between IBM and PM.Ten patients with IBM and six with PM underwent clinical review, [18F]florbetapir positron emission tomography and MRI of skeletal musculature. Differences in [18F]florbetapir standardised uptake value ratios in skeletal muscle regions of interest were evaluated. Relationships between [18F]florbetapir standardised uptake value ratios and measures of disease severity (clinical and by MRI of skeletal muscle) were assessed.[18F]florbetapir standardised uptake value ratios were significantly higher in those with IBM compared with PM for all assessed regions (total-[18F]florbetapir standardised uptake value ratio 1.45 (1.28 to 2.05) vs 1.01 (0.80 to 1.22), p=0.005). For total-[18F]florbetapir standardised uptake value ratios≥1.28, sensitivity and specificity for IBM was 80% and 100%, respectively.[18F]florbetapir amyloid positron emission tomography differentiates IBM from PM. Successful development could facilitate accurate diagnosis, inclusion in clinical trials and help avoid unnecessary exposure to potentially harmful treatments.
The clues to optimize the adjuvant chemotherapy for resected liver-only colorectal cancer metastasis: An analysis based on Taiwan’s NHIRD bank.
Authors: Feng Fan Chiang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e14563 Background: The high rate of recurrence after liver metastasectomy remains a barrier to long term survival. We analyze a prospective recorded database (National Health Insurance Research Database [NHIRD]) and evaluate the relationships between the survival and duration or regimens of chemotherapy after liver resection Methods: From 2003 to 2010 in Taiwan, we selected all subjects who were admitted for colorectal cancer primary tumor resection. The pathologic confirmation of adenocarcinoma were identified. The patient with liver metastasis only who underwent liver metastasectomy will be enrolled to our study. The timely data of the location of primary tumor, lymph node metastasis, age, gender, comorbidity history of coronary artery disease, diabetes, hypertension, and hepatitis were analyzed. We excluded patients who had history of other malignancy, diverting only, per-anal excision of rectal tumor, palliative surgery instead of curative resection for primary colorectal cancer, receiving liver resection before primary tumor surgery, or co-existing other major organ disease. Results: There were 2,583(2,583/60,330, 4.3%) patients with colorectal cancer receiving liver metastasectomy who were enrolled for further analysis. Among them, 1,593(1,593/2,583, 61.7%) had liver metastasectomy synchronously. Oxaliplatin-based regimens can provide superior overall survival than 5FU only. (Synchronous LMCRC: hazard ration (95% CI) = 0.78(0.63-0.96). p = 0.021; metachronous LMCRC: hazard ration (95% CI) = 0.52 (0.36-0.73), p < 0.001). Irinotecan-based regimens seems to provided benefit only in metachronous group (Hazard ration (95% CI) = 0.64(0.46-0.91), p=0.011). The adjuvant chemotherapy treatment after liver resection shows no difference in survival after three months treatment period. Conclusions: The adjuvant chemotherapy after liver resection in liver only colorectal cancer can be treated in a short course within three months. Oxaliplatin-based regimens can provide more survival benefit than 5FU only regimen. Irinotecan-based regimens can benefit survival only in metachronous group.