tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous remission of acute myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Joseph De Soto, Chuxia Deng
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

4318  Introduction: There have been several reports of the spontaneous remission of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). In this study we investigated and evaluated all published reports in the past 30 years of spontaneous remission of AML. Methods: Each peer reviewed paper was evaluated for clear evidence of spontaneous AML regression under the following criteria: identification of AML through both bone marrow biopsy and blood smear, identification of AML by type; evidence of complete regression through repeated bone marrow biopsy and blood smear; and substantiation of regression without therapeutic intervention against the cancer. Each substantiated case was included into one of the French-American-British Working Group classifications. Results: There were 19 substantially documented cases of complete spontaneous AML regression reported in the literature. M1 acute myeloblastic leukemia was associated with 4 cases, M2 acute myeloblastic leukemia 3 cases, M3 acute promyelocytic leukemia 2 cases, M4 acute myelomonocytic leukemia 2 cases, M5 acute monocytic leukemia 7 cases, M6 acute erythroleukemia, 1 case and M7 acute megakaryoblastic leukemia 0 cases. 15 were associated with a confirmed infectious process, and 1 was associated with a probable infectious process. The average time of regression was 8.1 months and average age of the patients was 52.4 years. All but one case of non-M5 AML regression was associated with severe systemic or pulmonic infection. Only 2 out of 7 cases of spontaneous regression of M5 AML however, were associated with an infection. 18 of the 19 cases of spontaneous remissions returned. Conclusion: The evidence suggests that significant stimulation of ones immune system may completely remit acute myelogenous leukemia. Further investigation is warranted.
Interaction of race and pathology for neuroendocrine tumors: Epidemiology, natural history, or racial disparity?
Authors: Rachel M Lee, Danielle K DePalo, Alexandra G Lopez-Aguiar, Mohammad Yahya Zaidi, Flavio G. Rocha, Zaheer S. Kanji, George A. Poultsides, Eleftherios Makris, Mary Dillhoff, Eliza W Beal, Ryan Fields, Roheena Z. Panni, Kamran Idrees, Paula Marincola Smith, Hari Nathan, Megan Beems, Daniel Abbott, Victoria Rendell, Shishir K. Maithel, Maria C. Russell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

376 Background: The prognostic value of pathologic variables is not consistent for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). We previously demonstrated a limited prognostic role of lymph node (LN) positivity in small bowel NETs (SBNET) compared to pancreatic NETs (panNET). Although minority race is often associated with worse cancer outcomes, the interaction of race with pathologic and oncologic outcomes of pts with GEP-NETS is not known. Methods: Pts with GEP-NETs who underwent curative intent resection at eight institutions of the US NET Study Group from 2000-16 were included. Given few pts of other races, only Black and White race pts were analyzed. Results: Of 2,182 pts, 1,143 met inclusion criteria. Median age was 58 yrs, median follow up was 3 yrs, 48% were male, 14% (n = 157) were Black, and 86% (n = 986) were White. Black pts were more likely uninsured (7 vs 2%, p = 0.005), had symptomatic bleeding (13 vs 7%, p = 0.006), required emergency surgery (7 vs 3%, p = 0.003), and had LN positive disease (47 vs 36%, p = 0.016). Despite this, Black pts had improved 5 yr recurrence free survival (RFS) compared to White pts (90 vs 80%, p = 0.008). The quality of care received was comparable between both groups, demonstrated by similar LN yield at surgery, neg margin resection rate, post-op complications, and need for reoperation or readmission (all p &gt; 0.05). Black pts were more likely to have SBNET (22 vs 13%) and less likely to have panNET (43 vs 68%) compared to White pts (p &lt; 0.001). Consistent with prior data, pts with LN pos panNET had decreased 5yr RFS (67 vs 83%, p = 0.001); however, for SBNET, LN involvement was not prognostic (77 vs 96%, p = 0.08). The prognostic value of LN pos disease was similar between Black and White pts in both SBNET (p = 0.34) and panNET (p = 0.95). Conclusions: Black pts with GEP-NET present with more advanced disease, including higher LN positivity. Despite this, Black pts have improved RFS compared to White pts. Although there may be delays in seeking or reaching care, Black pts received similar quality of care compared to White pts. The improved RFS seen in Black pts may be attributed to the epidemiologic differences in the site of presentation of GEP-NETs and variable prognostic value of LN pos disease.
Mohs Appropriate Use Criteria for Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Michael Anthony Montuno, Brett Malcolm Coldiron
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Prenatal maternal anxiety related with dietary pattern may promote atopic dermatitis in offspring through the alteration of gut microbiota
Authors: So-Yeon Lee, Mi-Jin Kang, Sung-Ok Kwon, Yoon Mee Park, Bong-Soo Kim, Eun Lee, Jisun Yoon, Sungsu Jung, Hyoung Yoon Chang, Dong In Suh, Youn Ho Sheen, Kyung Won Kim, Kangmo Ahn, Se-Young Oh, Soo-Jong Hong
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Birth Control Device Essure Is Still Under the Microscope
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 12763: Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Show Early Hemodynamic and Vascular Changes Unrelated to Standard Glucose and Lipid Markers
Authors: Michal Schafer, Uyen Truong, Amy Baumgarter, Melanie Cree-Green, Greg Coe, Kendall S Hunter, Alex J Barker, Kristen J Nadeau
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). There is increasing evidence that maladaptive changes in vascular properties occur early in adolescence. Wall shear stress (WSS) plays crucial role in mechanotransduction and tissue remodeling. However, changes in aortic WSS and vascular properties in T1D adolescents and their associations with T1D biomarkers have yet to be determined. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that non-invasively MRI derived WSS and vascular markers of stiffness will be altered in T1D adolescents. Methods: Fourteen adolescents with T1D and 25 age-matched controls underwent prospective phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI). Segmented cross sectional planes were selected above the sinotubular junction, transverse to the descending aorta. Maximum WSS values were computed from time specific generated shear fields. Aortic strain (AoS), distensibility (Ds), and stiffness index β (SI) were computed using vessel areas and pulse pressure. All measured hemodynamic and vascular markers were correlated with standard T1D biomarkers: A1C hemoglobin, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglyceride levels. The significance between reported median values was assessed using Wilcoxon Ranked sum method and single linear regression analysis using Spearman rho. Results: Subjects with T1D showed significantly increased maximum WSS (dyne/cm2) in both ascending aorta (11.1 vs. 9.02, p = 0.0065) and descending aorta (13.7 vs. 12.3, p = 0.0166). Furthermore, AoS and Ds (mmHg-1) were both decreased in T1D group in ascending aorta (AoS: 25.1 vs. 29.7, p = 0.0352; Ds: 0.49 vs. 0.71, p = 0.0151) and descending aorta (AoS: 20.1 vs. 26.5, p = 0.0002; Ds: 0.41 vs. 0.66, p = 0.0082). Inversely, SI was higher in T1D group in both vessel segments (0.030 vs. 0.018, p = 0.0021 and 0.034 vs. 0.020, p = 0.0017). There were no significant correlations between PC-MRI derived vascular metrics and collected biomarkers. Conclusions: T1D adolescents show early aortic stiffness and altered WSS. Neither WSS nor stiffness markers correlated with A1C hemoglobin or lipid biomarkers. This suggests that potential therapeutic targets of the early vascular remodeling are beyond standard glycemic and lipid control.
Pattern of FDG and MET Distribution in High- and Low-Grade Gliomas on PET Images
Authors: Miwako Takahashi, Tsutomu Soma, Akitake Mukasa, Shota Tanaka, Shunsuke Yanagisawa, Toshimitsu Momose
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

This study aimed to determine the most effective metabolic index of FDG-PET and MET-PET to differentiate high- and low-grade gliomas, and then to characterize tumor metabolism according to the 2016 WHO classification. We also developed a new calculation method of potential infiltrative tumor volume to overcome the current limitations of tumor evaluation according to metabolic index, which focuses solely on tumor core area.Patients who underwent both FDG-PET and MET-PET, as well as surgical treatment, were retrospectively identified. All tumors were diagnosed histologically and included 44 high-grade and 19 low-grade gliomas. Metabolic indices of tumor-to-normal (T/N) ratio and maximum value within the tumor itself were compared between high- and low-grade tumors. A calculation method for potential infiltrative tumor volume was developed and compared between these 2 grades.T/N, calculated as tumor value divided by normal cortex value, was the most effective (area under the curve, 0.800 for FDG-PET; area under the curve, 0.773 for MET-PET) for differentiating high- and low-grade gliomas. Potential infiltrative volume effectively distinguished between high- and low-grade glioma (43.8 ± 30.2 mL vs 14.0 ± 12.6 mL; P = 0.005 [t test]). A combination of T/N, with a cutoff value of 0.9 or higher on FDG-PET and/or 3.0 or higher on MET-PET, and potential infiltrative volume, with a cutoff value of 20.0 mL or higher, provided a diagnostic accuracy of 89% in distinguishing high- from low-grade gliomas.Evaluation of potential infiltrative volume surrounding the tumor core area, in addition to the T/N ratio of the tumor core, may help distinguish between high- and low-grade gliomas.
Early increase of CSF sTREM2 in Alzheimer’s disease is associated with tau related-neurodegeneration but not with amyloid-β pathology
Authors: Marc Suárez-Calvet, Estrella Morenas-Rodríguez, Gernot Kleinberger, Kai Schlepckow, Miguel Ángel Araque Caballero, Nicolai Franzmeier, Anja Capell, Katrin Fellerer, Brigitte Nuscher, Erden Eren, Johannes Levin, Yuetiva Deming, Laura Piccio, Celeste M. Karch, Carlos Cruchaga, Leslie M. Shaw, John Q. Trojanowski, Michael Weiner, Michael Ewers, Christian Haass
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2019)

TREM2 is a transmembrane receptor that is predominantly expressed by microglia in the central nervous system. Rare variants in the TREM2 gene increase the risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Soluble TREM2 (sTREM2) resulting from shedding of the TREM2 ectodomain can be detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and is a surrogate measure of TREM2-mediated microglia function. CSF sTREM2 has been previously reported to increase at different clinical stages of AD, however, alterations in relation to Amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) deposition or additional pathological processes in the amyloid cascade (such as tau pathology or neurodegeneration) remain unclear. In the current cross-sectional study, we employed the biomarker-based classification framework recently proposed by the NIA-AA consensus guidelines, in combination with clinical staging, in order to examine the CSF sTREM2 alterations at early asymptomatic and symptomatic stages of AD. A cross-sectional study of 1027 participants of the Alzheimer's Disease Imaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort, including 43 subjects carrying TREM2 rare genetic variants, was conducted to measure CSF sTREM2 using a previously validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ADNI participants were classified following the A/T/N framework, which we implemented based on the CSF levels of Aβ1-42 (A), phosphorylated tau (T) and total tau as a marker of neurodegeneration (N), at different clinical stages defined by the clinical dementia rating (CDR) score. CSF sTREM2 differed between TREM2 variants, whereas the p.R47H variant had higher CSF sTREM2, p.L211P had lower CSF sTREM2 than non-carriers. We found that CSF sTREM2 increased in early symptomatic stages of late-onset AD but, unexpectedly, we observed decreased CSF sTREM2 levels at the earliest asymptomatic phase when only abnormal Aβ pathology (A+) but no tau pathology or neurodegeneration (TN-), is present. Aβ pathology (A) and tau pathology/neurodegeneration (TN) have differing associations with CSF sTREM2. While tau-related neurodegeneration is associated with an increase in CSF sTREM2, Aβ pathology in the absence of downstream tau-related neurodegeneration is associated with a decrease in CSF sTREM2.
Interferon-α enhances the IL-12-induced STAT4 activation selectively in carriers of the <i>STAT4</i> SLE risk allele rs7574865[T]
Authors: Niklas Hagberg, Lars Rönnblom
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

Intronic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in STAT4 , tagged by rs7574865[T], are associated with increased susceptibility to develop systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and a more severe disease phenotype with nephritis and stroke.1 2 Recently, we demonstrated that T cells from patients with SLE carrying the STAT4 risk allele rs7574865[T] have an enhanced induction of STAT4 protein following PHA/interleukin (IL)-2 activation, which results in increased IL-12-induced phosphorylation of STAT4 (pSTAT4) and interferon (IFN)-γ production.3 As the majority of STAT4 risk allele carriers do not develop disease, we asked whether the STAT4 risk allele exerts the same effect in healthy individuals. In studies of IL-12-stimulated cells from 72 healthy women (online supplementary materials and methods) we unexpectedly found that STAT4 risk allele carriership was associated with a decreased pSTAT4 in CD8+ and CD4+ T cells from healthy individuals (figure 1A). Notably, in the absence of STAT4 risk alleles healthy individuals and patients with SLE phosphorylated STAT4 to the same extent (figure 1B). However, with increasing numbers of STAT4 risk alleles, patients with SLE responded stronger to IL-12 stimulation. The decreased IL-12 response in healthy STAT4 risk allele carriers resulted in a decreased production of IFN-γ in CD8+ T cells and a slight, but non-significant, decrease in CD4+ T cells (figure 1C). Demonstrating the specificity for IL-12, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced IFN-γ …
Avelumab plus Axitinib versus Sunitinib for Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Robert J. Motzer, Konstantin Penkov, John Haanen, Brian Rini, Laurence Albiges, Matthew T. Campbell, Balaji Venugopal, Christian Kollmannsberger, Sylvie Negrier, Motohide Uemura, Jae L. Lee, Aleksandr Vasiliev, Wilson H. Miller, Howard Gurney, Manuela Schmidinger, James Larkin, Michael B. Atkins, Jens Bedke, Boris Alekseev, Jing Wang, Mariangela Mariani, Paul B. Robbins, Aleksander Chudnovsky, Camilla Fowst, Subramanian Hariharan, Bo Huang, Alessandra Di Pietro, Toni K. Choueiri
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

In a single-group, phase 1b trial, avelumab plus axitinib resulted in objective responses in patients with advanced renal-cell carcinoma. This phase 3 trial involving previously untreated patients with advanced renal-cell carcinoma compared avelumab plus axitinib with the standard-of-care sunitinib.
Abstract 15057: Cardiovascular Outcomes and Stroke Rates in Hospitalized Patients With Cancer and Atrial Fibrillation-A Study Using the 2012 National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Malachy Sullivan, Joseph Shatzel, Scott E Friedman, Robert T Palac, Anthony Gemignani
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Patients with cancer (CA) who develop atrial fibrillation (AF) have increased morbidity and mortality. CA is associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE), however its impact on stroke rate is unclear. The efficacy of the CHADS2 score in assessing stroke risk in patients with AF and CA is unknown. This study compares clinical characteristics, cardiovascular outcomes and stroke rate in hospitalized patients with AF and CA versus those with AF without CA. Methods: Using the 2012 National Inpatient Sample (NIS), we identified admissions in patients &gt;18 years associated with AF. Patients with active CA were then identified. Clinical characteristics and cardiovascular outcomes including stroke rate were collected. Results: Of the 7,296,968 admissions in the 2012 NIS, 751,009 (10.3%) were associated with AF. Patients with CA represented 10.4% (78,099) of admissions with AF. The most common cancers were lung (18.6%), lymphoma (8.1%), leukemia (8.5%), and prostate (8.0%). Patient characteristics (Table 1) were all significantly different to a p value of &lt;0.001, with the exception of tobacco use. Patients with AF and CA had fewer cardiovascular events (Table 2) except for VTE. Those with AF and CA also had longer lengths of stay and higher mortality. There were statistically significant differences (p &lt;0.001) in all clinical outcomes. Conclusion: Atrial fibrillation in patients with cancer is associated with adverse outcomes, including venous thromboembolism, length of stay and mortality but is not associated with increased rate of stroke. In patients with cancer and atrial fibrillation increasing rate of stroke was associated with increasing CHADS2 score.
Protective effect of LGM2605 on ozone-induced airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in rhesus macaques
Authors: Cameron H. Flayer, Erik D. Larson, Anjali Joseph, Sean Kao, Wenxiu Qu, Austin M. Van Haren, Christopher M. Royer, Thais Sielecki, Melpo Christofidou-Solomidou, Angela Haczku
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Intensive BP control reduces mild cognitive impairment but not dementia, study finds
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Intensive blood pressure (BP) control in healthy older adults with hypertension significantly reduces the risk of mild cognitive impairment but not dementia, a large randomised US study has shown.1 Study participants are now being followed up for any reductions in dementia.

Hypertension has previously been identified in observational studies as a potentially modifiable risk factor for mild cognitive impairment and dementia. But randomised trials of intensive BP lowering have been inconclusive, and some observational studies have suggested a link between low BP and a higher risk of cognitive impairment.

The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) randomly allocated 9361 adults aged over 50 with hypertension …
Does adding hip exercises to quadriceps exercises result in superior outcomes in pain, function and quality of life for people with knee osteoarthritis? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Andrew Craig Hislop, Natalie J Collins, Kylie Tucker, Margaret Deasy, Adam Ivan Semciw
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2019)

Objectives To determine, in people with knee osteoarthritis (KOA): i) the effectiveness of adding hip strengthening exercises to quadriceps exercises and ii) the type of hip strengthening exercise with the greatest evidence for improving pain, function and quality of life. Design Systematic review with meta-analysis. Data sources Medline, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL and SportDiscus databases were searched from inception to January 2018. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Randomised controlled trials investigating the effect of adding hip exercises to quadriceps exercises in people with KOA on pain, function and/or quality of life were included. Three subgroups of hip exercises were included : resistance, functional neuromuscular or multimodal exercise. Results Eight studies were included. Pooled data provide evidence that combined hip and quadriceps exercise is significantly more effective than quadriceps exercise alone for improving walking function (standardised mean difference −1.06, 95% CI −2.01 to −0.12), but not for outcomes of pain (−0.09, 95% CI –0.96 to 0.79), patient-reported function (−0.74, 95% CI –1.56 to 0.08) or stair function (−0.7, 95% CI –1.67 to 0.26). Subgroup analyses reveal that hip resistance exercises are more effective than functional neuromuscular exercises for improving pain (p&lt;0.0001) and patient-reported function (p&lt;0.0001). Multimodal exercise is no more effective than quadriceps strengthening alone for pain (0.13, 95% CI –0.31 to 0.56), patient-reported function (−0.15, 95% CI –0.58 to 0.29) or stair function (0.13, 95% CI –0.3 to 0.57). Conclusion Walking improved after the addition of hip strengthening to quadriceps strengthening in people with KOA. The addition of resistance hip exercises to quadriceps resulted in greater improvements in patient-reported pain and function.