tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P022: Sex and Racial Differences in Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Alvaro Alonso, Alanna Chamberlain, Pamela Lutsey, Richard MacLehose, Faye Norby, Wesley O’Neal, Lindsay Bengtson, Lin Chen
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Women and African Americans with atrial fibrillation (AF) experience higher rates of stroke compared to men and white AF patients, respectively. However, sex and race differences for cardiovascular outcomes other than stroke have not been specifically evaluated in patients with AF. Methods: We studied patients with AF in the Optum Clinformatics database between 2009 and 2015 with at least 6 months of enrollment before AF diagnosis. The Optum Clinformatics database includes medical and pharmacy claims and sociodemographic information on privately insured and Medicare Advantage enrollees throughout the US. Endpoints (hospitalizations for ischemic stroke, heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI)) and covariates were defined using validated algorithms. Multivariable Cox models were used to study the association of race and sex with endpoints of interest. Results: The analysis included 380,636 eligible participants (mean age 73, women 45%). Of them, 82% were white, 9% African American, 7% Hispanic and 2% Asian American. During a mean follow-up of 23 months, 7,235 suffered ischemic stroke, 17,258 HF, and 5,585 MI. Crude rates of ischemic stroke and HF were higher in women than men, while men had higher rates of MI than women (Table). African Americans and Hispanics had higher rates of all studied outcomes than whites and Asian Americans. In models including age, sex, race, education and CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score, women had higher risk of ischemic stroke and lower risk of HF and MI compared to men. Compared to whites, African Americans had 1.4 times the rate of HF and stroke, and 1.1 times the rate of MI, while Asian Americans had 16% lower rates of HF. No major differences were observed between rates in whites and Hispanics (Table). Conclusion: In a large insured population of patients with AF, we observed differences in rates of selected cardiovascular outcomes by sex and race. Additional research should explore the mechanisms underlying these differences and develop strategies to eliminate them.
Risk Factors for Thromboembolism (TE) in Multiple Myeloma (MM) Patients (pts) Treated with Immunomodulatory Agents (IMiDs) Plus Dexamethasone (dex)
Authors: Jai N Patel, Megan Helena Jagosky, Myra M Robinson, Daniel Slaughter, Justin Arnall, Ashley Matusz-Fisher, Manisha Bhutani, Peter M. Voorhees, Saad Z. Usmani
Journal: Blood (2018)
Irish GPs and obstetricians say safe abortion service cannot be implemented on 1 January
Authors: Muiris Houston
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Irish GPs and obstetricians have expressed doubt that the country’s first abortions will go ahead as planned from 1 January.

Following a referendum decision to repeal the eighth amendment to the constitution earlier this year,1 the government has put legislation through both houses of parliament to enable abortions to be freely available to women up to 12 weeks of gestation. The Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy Bill is expected to pass its final stage next week.

One of the bill’s innovative aspects is that terminations up to nine weeks …
Safety and Efficacy of Multiantigen-Targeted T Cells for Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Premal Lulla, Ifigeneia Tzannou, George Carrum, Carlos A. Ramos, Rammurti Kamble, Mrinalini Bilgi, Shivani Mukhi, Betty Chung, Ayumi Watanabe, Manik Kuvalekar, Adrian P. Gee, Bambi J. Grilley, Malcolm K. Brenner, Helen E. Heslop, Juan F. Vera, Ann M. Leen
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 13131: Impact of Exercise Training on Cardiac Structure and Function in Patients With Type-2 Diabetes or Obesity: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Control Trials
Authors: Vidhu Anand, Ambarish Pandey, Sushil Kumar Garg
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity are associated with subclinical abnormalities in left ventricular structure and function and an increased downstream risk for heart failure. Exercise training has been associated with significant improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness among these patients. However, its impact of cardiac structure and function is not well established. In this meta-analysis, we evaluated the effect of exercise training on the LV systolic and diastolic function in patients with T2DM or obesity. Methods: We included all randomized control trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effect of exercise training on cardiac structure and function among obese or T2DM patients. Primary outcome of interest was change in cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen uptake, ml/kg/min) and measures of left ventricular systolic (global longitudinal strain) and diastolic function (early diastolic velocity, e`). Results: The study included 484 patients who were enrolled in 8 RCTs. In the pooled data analysis, patients with T2DM or obesity undergoing exercise training had significant improvements in peak oxygen uptake [Weighted Mean Difference (WMD): 1.30 (95%CI: 0.55 to 2.04)]. Among echocardiographic outcomes, exercise training participants had modest but statistically significant improvements in early diastolic velocity [WMD (95% CI): 0.46 (0.01 to 0.09)], and global longitudinal strain [WMD (95% CI): 0.62 (0.04 to 0.09)] as compared with control group participants (Figure). Conclusion: Exercise training in patients with T2DM or obesity is associated with a significant improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness and modest improvements in echocardiographic measures of systolic and diastolic function. These findings suggest that exercise training may improve subclinical systolic and diastolic dysfunction in patients at risk for HF in later life.
OA11 First-Line Nivolumab + Ipilimumab in Asian Patients With Advanced NSCLC and High TMB (≥10 mut/Mb): Results From CheckMate 227
Authors: K. Park, J. Lee, H. Sakai, K. Lee, Y. Ohe, S. Kim, T. Fukuhara, J. Kang, C. Yu, H. Daga, K. Hotta, T. Yokoyama, H. Tanaka, M. Takeda, M. Hellmann, J. Sheng, F. Nathan, R. Yang, M. Nishio
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)
Optimized induction of mitochondrial apoptosis for chemotherapy-free treatment of BCR-ABL+acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Michaela Scherr, Hanna Kirchhoff, Karin Battmer, Katharina Wohlan, Chun-Wei Lee, Melanie Ricke-Hoch, Sergej Erschow, Edward Law, Arnold Kloos, Michael Heuser, Arnold Ganser, Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner, Olaf Heidenreich, Matthias Eder
Journal: Leukemia (2018)

BCR-ABL+acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in adults has a poor prognosis with allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) considered the best curative option for suitable patients. We here characterize the curative potential of BH3-mimetics differentially targeting mitochondrial BCL2-family members using a combination therapy approach with dexamethasone and tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting BCR-ABL. In BCR-ABL + ALL BH3-mimetics act by redistribution of mitochondrial activator BIM, which is strongly required for cytotoxicity of the BCL2-specific BH3-mimetic ABT-199, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and dexamethasone. BIM expression is enhanced by dexamethasone and TKIs and both synergize with ABT-199 in BCR-ABL + ALL. Triple combinations with ABT-199, dexamethasone and TKIs efficiently attenuate leukemia progression both in tissue culture and in primary cell xenotransplantation models. Notably, the dasatinib-containing combination led to treatment- and leukemia-free long-term survival in a BCR-ABL + mouse model. Finally, response to BH3-mimetics can be predicted for individual patients in a clinically relevant setting. These data demonstrate curative targeted and chemotherapy-free pharmacotherapy for BCR-ABL + ALL in a preclinical model. Clinical evaluation, in particular for patients not suitable for allogeneic SCT, is warranted.
Abstract 18130: Race/Ethnicity-Specific Associations Between Smoking, Serum Leptin, and Abdominal Fat: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Sina Kianoush, Andrew P DeFilippis, Carlos J Rodriguez, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Emelia J Benjamin, Michael E Hall, Pamela Ouyang, Matthew A Allison, Michael J Blaha
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Smoking, a well-known cardiometabolic risk factor, is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide. We aimed to evaluate the association between smoking and serum leptin levels, a...
Letter to the Editor: Hepatic Resection Compared to Chemoembolization in Intermediate‐ to Advanced‐Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Comment For Moving Forward
Authors: Dun‐Chang Mo, Rong‐Rong Jia, Jian‐Hong Zhong
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Supported by the Graduate Course Construction Project of Guangxi Medical University (YJSA2017014). Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. To the Editor: Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) depends on disease staging, which is usually performed according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) system. Although the BCLC system is recommended in the guidelines from the European Association for the Study of the Liver,1 the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases,2 and the European Society for Medical Oncology,3 its treatment recommendations for intermediate and advanced HCC are inconsistent with the literature. The BCLC system recommends only transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and sorafenib for intermediate and advanced HCC, yet several studies have suggested that expanding the selection criteria for hepatectomy can increase overall survival of these patients. Now, an elegant meta‐analysis by Hyun and coworkers4 suggests that, indeed, based on the evidence in 18 high‐quality studies, hepatectomy can increase overall survival in patients with intermediate and advanced HCC. We applaud Hyun and colleagues for providing the largest study so far that evaluates the idea of expanding indications for hepatectomy in HCC. At the same time, their conclusions should be interpreted with caution in light of some concerns. The first is that the authors of the meta‐analysis did not clearly define intermediate HCC. Among the studies they included, 39%‐86% of patients had a single large tumor (> 5 cm) in the intermediate subgroup (table 1 of the meta‐analysis). Although earlier versions of the BCLC system defined single HCC of 5 cm as the cutoff between early and intermediate stages, more recent studies of the BCLC group and official guidelines indicate that single HCC of any size should be classified as early disease in the absence of portal hypertension, satellites, and macrovascular invasion.1 Recent guidelines, in fact, classify only multinodular HCC as intermediate disease.1 Therefore, the use of "intermediate stage" in the title of the meta‐analysis may not be appropriate. The second concern is the fact that references 17 and 30 in the meta‐analysis involved overlapping patient populations. In addition, only 9 of the 18 studies compared hepatectomy and TACE in parallel. We again congratulate Hyun and coworkers on their interesting study to expand the indications for hepatectomy to patients with large/multinodular HCC and advanced disease. High‐level evidence such as their meta‐analysis will hopefully encourage the updating of the BCLC system.
Transformation of Prostate Adenocarcinoma Into Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Cancer Under Androgen Deprivation Therapy: Much Is Achieved But More Information Is Needed
Authors: Alberto Dalla Volta, Deborah Cosentini, Alessandro Antonelli, Rebecca Pedersini, Claudio Simeone, Marco Volante, Alfredo Berruti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)
The SmartTarget Biopsy Trial: A Prospective, Within-person Randomised, Blinded Trial Comparing the Accuracy of Visual-registration and Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Ultrasound Image-fusion Targeted Biopsies for Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification
Authors: Sami Hamid, Ian A. Donaldson, Yipeng Hu, Rachael Rodell, Barbara Villarini, Ester Bonmati, Pamela Tranter, Shonit Punwani, Harbir S. Sidhu, Sarah Willis, Jan van der Meulen, David Hawkes, Neil McCartan, Ingrid Potyka, Norman R. Williams, Chris Brew-Graves, Alex Freeman, Caroline M. Moore, Dean Barratt, Mark Emberton, Hashim U. Ahmed
Journal: European Urology (2018)

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI)-targeted prostate biopsies can improve detection of clinically significant prostate cancer and decrease the overdetection of insignificant cancers. It is unknown whether visual-registration targeting is sufficient or augmentation with image-fusion software is needed.
Lisa M Schwartz: devoted her career to improving transparency and understanding of medical evidence
Authors: Iona Heath
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Everyone in any way concerned about the state of contemporary medicine will be shocked and dismayed by the untimely death of Lisa Schwartz, professor of medicine and community and family medicine at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice and co-director of the Center for Medicine and the Media.

Lisa was born in the Bronx, in New York City, on 30 June 1963 and qualified as a doctor in 1989. The following year she met Steven Woloshin while they were both working as medical residents at Bellevue Hospital in Manhattan. Bellevue was founded in 1736 and is the oldest public hospital in the US, which somehow makes it a fitting setting for the creation of a partnership totally committed to the concept of public good within medicine. They married in 1992 and for the following 26 years shared the closest professional and personal relationship that I have ever been privileged to witness.



Schwartz with her husband, Steven Woloshin

It takes some of us many years to appreciate the shaky foundations …
Abstract 19734: Treating Childhood Obesity by Walking: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Masao Yoshinaga, Shunji Seki, Hiromitsu Ogata, Yoshiya Ito, Machiko Aoki, Ayumi Miyazaki, Masakuni Tokuda, Lisheng Lin, Hitoshi Horigome, Masami Nagashima
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Aims: The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of walking as a treatment strategy for childhood obesity. Methods and Results: A randomized controlled trial was conducted between 2014 and ...
Hypothermia and cardiac electrophysiology: a systematic review of clinical and experimental data
Authors: Erik Sveberg Dietrichs, Torkjel Tveita, Godfrey Smith
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2018)

Moderate therapeutic hypothermia procedures are used in post-cardiac arrest care, while in surgical procedures, lower core temperatures are often utilized to provide cerebral protection. Involuntary reduction of core body temperature takes place in accidental hypothermia and ventricular arrhythmias are recognized as a principal cause for a high mortality rate in these patients. We assessed both clinical and experimental literature through a systematic literature search in the PubMed database, to review the effect of hypothermia on cardiac electrophysiology. From included studies, there is common experimental and clinical evidence that progressive cooling will induce changes in cardiac electrophysiology. The QT interval is prolonged and appears more sensitive to decreases in temperature than the QRS interval. Severe hypothermia is associated with more pronounced changes, some of which are proarrhythmic. This is supported clinically where severe accidental hypothermia is commonly associated with ventricular fibrillation or asystole. J-waves in human electrocardiogram recordings are regularly but not always observed in hypothermia. Its relation to ventricular repolarization and arrhythmias is not obvious. Little clinical data exist on efficacy of anti-arrhythmic drugs in hypothermia, while experimental data show the potential of some agents, such as the class III antiarrhythmic bretylium. It is apparent that QT-prolonging drugs should be avoided.
Epigenome-wide study uncovers large-scale changes in histone acetylation driven by tau pathology in aging and Alzheimer’s human brains
Authors: Hans-Ulrich Klein, Cristin McCabe, Elizabeta Gjoneska, Sarah E. Sullivan, Belinda J. Kaskow, Anna Tang, Robert V. Smith, Jishu Xu, Andreas R. Pfenning, Bradley E. Bernstein, Alexander Meissner, Julie A. Schneider, Sara Mostafavi, Li-Huei Tsai, Tracy L. Young-Pearse, David A. Bennett, Philip L. De Jager
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2018)
Redox Dual-Responsive and O<sub>2</sub>‑Evolving Theranostic Nanosystem for Highly Selective Chemotherapy against Hypoxic Tumors
Authors: Huachao Chen, Fei Li, Yongrong Yao, Zhe Wang, Zhihao Zhang, Ninghua Tan
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Activatable theranostic agents, which combine fluorescent reporters with masked chemotherapeutic agents that are activated by tumor-associated stimuli, would be attractive candidates to improve the tumor selectivity of chemotherapy. This work reports a ROS/GSH dual-activatable and O
B7-H3 promotes multiple myeloma cell survival and proliferation by ROS-dependent activation of Src/STAT3 and c-Cbl-mediated degradation of SOCS3
Authors: Liang Lin, Li Cao, Yang Liu, Ke Wang, Xinwei Zhang, Xiaodan Qin, Dandan Zhao, Jie Hao, Yingjun Chang, Xiaojun Huang, Bei Liu, Jun Zhang, Jin Lu, Qing Ge
Journal: Leukemia (2018)
Safety and efficacy of pridopidine in patients with Huntington's disease (PRIDE-HD): a phase 2, randomised, placebo-controlled, multicentre, dose-ranging study
Authors: Ralf Reilmann, Andrew McGarry, Igor D Grachev, Juha-Matti Savola, Beth Borowsky, Eli Eyal, Nicholas Gross, Douglas Langbehn, Robin Schubert, Anna Teige Wickenberg, Spyros Papapetropoulos, Michael Hayden, Ferdinando Squitieri, Karl Kieburtz, G Bernhard Landwehrmeyer, Pinky Agarwal, Karen E Anderson, Nasir A Aziz, Jean-Phillippe Azulay, Anne C Bachoud-Levi, Roger Barker, Agnieszka Bebak, Markus Beuth, Kevin Biglan, Stephanie Blin, Stefan Bohlen, Raphael Bonelli, Sue Caldwell, Fabienne Calvas, Jonielyn Carlos, Simona Castagliuolo, Terrence Chong, Phyllis Chua, Allison Coleman, Jody Corey-Bloom, Rebecca Cousins, David Craufurd, Jill Davison, Eric Decorte, Giuseppe De Michele, Laura Dornhege, Andrew Feigin, Stephanie Gallehawk, Pascale Gauteul, Carey Gonzales, Jane Griffith, Alexander Gustov, Mark Guttman, Beatrix Heim, Hope Heller, Lena Hjermind, Sergey Illarioshkin, Larry Ivanko, Jessica Jaynes, Mollie Jenckes, Barbara Kaminski, Anne Kampstra, Agnieszka Konkel, Svetlana Kopishinskaya, Pierre Krystkowiak, Suresh K Komati, Alexander Kwako, Stefan Lakoning, Guzal Latipova, Blair Leavitt, Clement Loy, Cheryl MacFarlane, Louise Madsen, Karen Marder, Sarah Mason, Neila Mendis, Tilak Mendis, Andrea Nemeth, Louise Nevitt, Virginia Norris, Christine O'Neill, Audrey Olivier, Michael Orth, Ashley Owens, Peter Panegyres, Susan Perlman, Joy Preston, Josef Priller, Alicja Puch, Oliver Quarrell, Domenica Ragosta, Amandine Rialland, Hugh Rickards, Anna M Romoli, Christopher Ross, Anne Rosser, Monika Rudzinska, Cinzina V Russo, Carsten Saft, Victoria Segro, Klaus Seppi, Barbara Shannon, David Shprecher, Clemence Simonin, Zara Skitt, Jaroslaw Slawek, Paola Soliveri, Sandro Sorbi, Ferdinando Squitieri, Valarie Suski, Iwona Stepniak, Park Sungmee, Sofia Temirbaeva, Claudia Testa, Anette Torvin-Moller, Stefanie Uhl, Christina Vangsted-Hansen, Christophe Verny, Paola Wall, Francis Walker, Paula Wasserman, Grzegorz Witkowski, Jan Wright, Zuleykha Zalyalova, Daniel Zielonka
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2018)
Mumps Outbreak Near Denver
Authors: Bridget Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Making the health system work by and for Indigenous women in Guatemala: a community led multisectoral collaboration
Authors: Claudia Nieves Velásquez, Maria Del Rosario Garcia Meza, Daria Ukhova, Silvia Xinico, Susana Palma, Sarah Simpson
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Claudia Nieves Velasquez and colleagues report how a community led national alliance of Indigenous women’s organisations is working to improve the delivery of healthcare for Indigenous women through collaboration with other community based organisations, government (health and ombudsman), and international partners
Compound Genomic Alterations of TP53, PTEN, and RB1 Tumor Suppressors in Localized and Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Anis A. Hamid, Kathryn P. Gray, Grace Shaw, Laura E. MacConaill, Carolyn Evan, Brandon Bernard, Massimo Loda, Niall M. Corcoran, Eliezer M. Van Allen, Atish D. Choudhury, Christopher J. Sweeney
Journal: European Urology (2018)
Toward Standardizing the Classification of Robotic Gait Rehabilitation Systems
Authors: Salheddine Ayad, Mohammed Ayad, Abdelkader Megueni, Erika G. Spaich, Lotte N. S. Andreasen Struijk
Journal: IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering (2018)

With the existence of numerous rehabilitation systems, classification and comparison becomes difficult, especially due to the many factors involved. Moreover, most current reviews are descriptive and do not provide systematic methods for the visual comparison of systems. This review proposes a method for classifying systems and representing them graphically to easily visualize various characteristics of the different systems at the same time. This method could be an introduction for standardizing the evaluation of gait rehabilitation systems. It evaluates four main modules (body weight support, reciprocal stepping mechanism, pelvis mechanism, and environment module) of 27 different gait systems based on a set of characteristics. The combination of these modular evaluations provides a description of the system "in the space of rehabilitation." The evaluation of each robotic module, based on specific characteristics, showed diverse tendencies. While there is an augmented interest in developing more sophisticated reciprocal stepping mechanisms, few researchers are dedicated to enhance the properties of pelvis mechanisms.