tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Juvenile Polyps of Colon and Rectum
Authors: W P Mazier, J M MacKeigan, R P Billingham, R D Dignan
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract IA28: Targeting the microbiome in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Giorgio Trinchieri
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Commensal microorganisms colonize barrier surfaces of all multicellular organisms, including those of humans. For more than 500 million years commensal microorganisms and their hosts have coevolved and adapted to each other. As a result, the commensal microbiota affects many immune and nonimmune functions of their hosts, and de facto the two together comprise one metaorganism. The commensal microbiota communicates with the host via biologically active molecules. Recently, it has been reported that microbial imbalance may play a critical role in the development of multiple diseases, such as cancer, autoimmune conditions, and increased susceptibility to infection. The commensal microbiota not only may affect the development, progression, and immune evasion of cancer but has also important effects on the response to cancer immune- and chemotherapy. In my presentation I will discuss some recent analysis of the role of the microbiome in anti-PD1 therapy in melanoma patients, the preliminary data of a fecal microbiota transfer clinical trial (performed at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Center) in anti-PD1 refractory melanoma patients, as well as mouse data on the effect of dietary fibers on anti-PD1 cancer therapy. Citation Format: Giorgio Trinchieri. Targeting the microbiome in cancer immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Microbiome, Viruses, and Cancer; 2020 Feb 21-24; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(8 Suppl):Abstract nr IA28.
Long-term outcome following primary percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting and bare metal stent in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: P Thayssen, Lisette Okkels Jensen, Michael Mæng, Anne Kaltoft, Hans-Henrik Tilsted Hansen, Morten Bøttcher, K E Pedersen, L Pedersen, S O Johnsen, Leif Thuesen
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients treated using paracentesis or diuretics: Results of a randomized study*1
Authors: R SOLA
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Diuretic treatment in cirrhotic patients with ascites increases ascitic fluid concentration of total protein and complement components, and opsonic activity. These changes are not observed in patients treated with paracentesis. Based on these data it has been suggested that therapeutic paracentesis may be associated with an increased risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) development. To assess this possibility, 80 cirrhotic patients with tense ascites were randomly allocated in two therapeutic groups: group 1 (40 patients) was treated with total paracentesis associated with plasma volume expansion and group 2 was treated with diuretics. After mobilization of ascites, patients from both groups received diuretics to avoid reaccumulation of ascites; cases that developed tense ascites during follow-up (mean follow-up period, 60 ± 6 and 55 ± 4 weeks, respectively) were treated according to initial randomization. Patients from both groups had similar results regarding baseline clinical and standard laboratory data, ascitic fluid concentration of total protein, complement components, and opsonic activity. Sixteen patients (7 from group 1 and 9 from group 2) developed SBP during the study period. The 4-week and 1-year probability of SBP occurrence were 2.5% and 18.6%, respectively, in group 1 patients, and 11.9% and 24%, respectively, in group 2 patients. Therefore, our study indicates that therapeutic paracentesis does not increase the early- and long-term risk of SBP development in cirrhotic patients with tense ascites.
Serum-Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor (sIL-2R) Is an Extremely Strong Prognostic Factor for Patients with Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Unspecified (PTCL-U).
Authors: Takeshi Hara, Hishasi Tsurumi, Jun-ichi Kitagawa, Naoe Goto, Nobuhiro Kanemura, Senji Kasahara, Toshiki Yamada, Hisataka Moriwaki
Journal: Blood (2007)
Paradoxical interaction between cancer and long-term postsepsis disorder: impairment of de novo carcinogenesis versus favoring the growth of established tumors
Authors: Caio Abner Leite, Jose Mauricio Mota, Kalil Alves de Lima, Carlos Wagner Wanderley, Leticia Almeida Nascimento, Marcela Davoli Ferreira, Camila Meirelles Souza Silva, David Fernando Colon, Juliana Yumi Sakita, Vinicius Kannen, Paula Ramos Viacava, Maria Dirlei Begnami, Roberto Cesar Pereira Lima-Junior, Vladmir Claudio Cordeiro de Lima, Jose Carlos Alves-Filho, Fernando Queiroz Cunha, Ronaldo Albuquerque Ribeiro
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2020)

Background Previous data have reported that the growth of established tumors may be facilitated by postsepsis disorder through changes in the microenvironment and immune dysfunction. However, the influence of postsepsis disorder in initial carcinogenesis remains elusive. Methods In the present work, the effect of postsepsis on inflammation-induced early carcinogenesis was evaluated in an experimental model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). We also analyzed the frequency and role of intestinal T regulatory cells (Treg) in CAC carcinogenesis. Results The colitis grade and the tumor development rate were evaluated postmortem or in vivo through serial colonoscopies. Sepsis-surviving mice (SSM) presented with a lower colonic DNA damage, polyp incidence, reduced tumor load, and milder colitis than their sham-operated counterparts. Ablating Treg led to restoration of the ability to develop colitis and tumor polyps in the SSM, in a similar fashion to that in the sham-operated mice. On the other hand, the growth of subcutaneously inoculated MC38luc colorectal cancer cells or previously established chemical CAC tumors was increased in SSM. Conclusion Our results provide evidence that postsepsis disorder has a dual effect in cancer development, inhibiting inflammation-induced early carcinogenesis in a Treg-dependent manner, while increasing the growth of previously established tumors.
2009 Focused Update: ACCF/AHA Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults
Authors: Mariell Jessup, William T. Abraham, Donald E. Casey, Arthur M. Feldman, Gary S. Francis, Theodore G. Ganiats, Marvin A. Konstam, Donna M. Mancini, Peter S. Rahko, Marc A. Silver, Lynne Warner Stevenson, Clyde W. Yancy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Electronic decision support and diarrhoeal disease guideline adherence (mHDM): a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ashraful I Khan, Jasmine A Mack, M Salimuzzaman, Mazharul I Zion, Hasnat Sujon, Robyn L Ball, Stace Maples, Md Mahbubur Rashid, Mohammod J Chisti, Shafiqul A Sarker, Debashish Biswas, Raduan Hossin, Kevin L Bardosh, Yasmin A Begum, Azimuddin Ahmed, Dane Pieri, Farhana Haque, Mahmudur Rahman, Adam C Levine, Firdausi Qadri, Meerjady S Flora, Matthew J Gurka, Eric J Nelson
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2020)

Acute diarrhoeal disease management often requires rehydration alone without antibiotics. However, non-indicated antibiotics are frequently ordered and this is an important driver of antimicrobial resistance. The mHealth Diarrhoea Management (mHDM) trial aimed to establish whether electronic decision support improves rehydration and antibiotic guideline adherence in resource-limited settings. A cluster randomised controlled trial was done at ten district hospitals in Bangladesh. Inclusion criteria were patients aged 2 months or older with uncomplicated acute diarrhoea. Admission orders were observed without intervention in the pre-intervention period, followed by randomisation to electronic (rehydration calculator) or paper formatted WHO guidelines for the intervention period. The primary outcome was rate of intravenous fluid ordered as a binary variable. Generalised linear mixed-effect models, accounting for hospital clustering, served as the analytical framework; the analysis was intention to treat. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03154229) and is completed. From March 11 to Sept 10, 2018, 4975 patients (75·6%) of 6577 screened patients were enrolled. The intervention effect for the primary outcome showed no significant differences in rates of intravenous fluids ordered as a function of decision-support type. Intravenous fluid orders decreased by 0·9 percentage points for paper electronic decision support and 4·2 percentage points for electronic decision support, with a 4·2-point difference between decision-support types in the intervention period (paper 98·7% [95% CI 91·8-99·8] vs electronic 94·5% [72·2-99·1]; pinteraction=0·31). Adverse events such as complications and mortality events were uncommon and could not be statistically estimated. Although intravenous fluid orders did not change, electronic decision support was associated with increases in the volume of intravenous fluid ordered and decreases in antibiotics ordered, which are consistent with WHO guidelines. US National Institutes of Health.
Novel opioid-neurotensin-based hybrid peptide with spinal long-lasting antinociceptive activity and a propensity to delay tolerance development
Authors: Karolina Frączek, Mattia Ferraiolo, Emmanuel Hermans, Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrozny, Kaja Kasarello, Anna Erdei, Kamila Kulik, Agnieszka Kowalczyk, Piotr Wojciechowski, Dorota Sulejczak, Piotr Sosnowski, Sebastian Granica, Sandor Benyhe, Katarzyna Kaczynska, Lukasz Nagraba, Artur Stolarczyk, Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska, Patrycja Kleczkowska
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2020)

The behavioral responses exerted by spinal administration of the opioid-neurotensin hybrid peptide, PK23, were studied in adult male rats. The antinociceptive effect upon exposure to a thermal stimulus, as well as tolerance development, was assessed in an acute pain model. The PK23 chimera at a dose of 10 nmol/rat produced a potent pain-relieving effect, especially after its intrathecal administration. Compared with intrathecal morphine, this novel compound was found to possess a favourable side effect profile characterized by a reduced scratch reflex, delayed development of analgesic tolerance or an absence of motor impairments when given in the same manner, though some animals died following barrel rotation as a result of its i.c.v. administration (in particular at doses higher than 10 nmol/rat). Nonetheless, these results suggest the potential use of hybrid compounds encompassing both opioid and neurotensin structural fragments in pain management. This highlights the enormous potential of synthetic neurotensin analogues as promising future analgesics.
The Autonomic Nervous System
Authors: F H NETTER, A KUNTZ
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
888. Optimization of Adenovirus Serotype 35 Vectors for Efficient Transduction in Human Hematopoietic Progenitors; Comparison of Promoter Activities
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the potential for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation into all mature blood cells. Hence, efficient transduction into HSCs would afford the opportunity to treat a number of diseases that result from abnormal blood cell function, and would be a powerful tool for study of the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and trafficking of HSCs. We have previously reported that an adenovirus (Ad) vector composed of whole Ad serotype 35 (Ad35), which belongs to subgroup B, shows efficient gene transfer into human bone marrow CD34+ cells (Gene Ther., 2003, 10, 1041-1048). However, Ad35 vector-mediated transduction into human hematopoietic stem cells/progenitors has not yet been fully optimized. In the present study, we have systemically examined promoter activity in the context of Ad35 vectors in human bone marrow CD34+ cells and primitive CD34+ subsets to optimize the transduction efficiency in human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. In the first of the transduction experiments, the improved in vitro ligation method, which was developed by Mizuguchi and Kay (Hum.Gene Ther., 1998, 9, 2577-2583, Hum.Gene Ther., 1999, 10, 2013-2017), was applied to Ad35 vector construction to allow for simple and efficient production of an E1/E3-deleted Ad35 vector. Using this method, we constructed a series of Ad35 vectors encoding the enhanced green fluorescence protein (GFP) under the control of a variety of strong viral and cellular promoters, including the human cytomegalovirus immediate early region promoter/enhancer (CMV promoter), the human elongation factor 1|[alpha]| promoter (EF1|[alpha]| promoter), the CMV immediate early enhancer/the chicken |[beta]|-actin promoter with the |[beta]|-actin intron sequence (CA promoter), the mouse phosphoglycerate kinase 1 promoter (PGK promoter), the murine stem cell virus (MSCV) long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter (MSCV promoter), and the CMV promoter/enhancer containing the largest intron of CMV (intron A) (CMVi promoter). Of the six types of promoters tested, significantly higher transduction efficiencies were achieved with the EF1|[alpha]| promoter, the CA promoter, and the CMVi promoter in the human CD34+ cells and the immature subsets (CD34+CD38low/- and CD34+AC133+ subsets). In particular, the CA promoter was found to allow for the highest transduction efficiencies in both the whole human CD34+ cells (53.8 % GFP-positive) and the immature hematopoietic subsets (57 % GFP-positive for CD34+CD38low/- subsets, 51 % GFP-positive for CD34+AC133+ subsets). Furthermore, a colony-forming assay demonstrated that the CA promoter-mediated GFP-expressing cells differentiated into progenitor cells of all lineages. These results provide an optimized Ad35 vector backbone for efficient transduction into hematopoietic stem cells/progenitors.
Use of teledermatology by dermatology hospitalists is effective in the diagnosis and management of inpatient disease
Authors: Colleen K. Gabel, Emily Nguyen, Ryan Karmouta, Kristina J. Liu, Guohai Zhou, Allireza Alloo, Ryan Arakaki, Yevgeniy Balagula, Alina G. Bridges, Edward W. Cowen, Mark Denis P. Davis, Alisa Femia, Joanna Harp, Benjamin Kaffenberger, Jesse J. Keller, Bernice Y. Kwong, Alina Markova, Melissa Mauskar, Robert Micheletti, Arash Mostaghimi, Joseph Pierson, Misha Rosenbach, Zachary Schwager, Lucia Seminario-Vidal, Victoria R. Sharon, Philip I. Song, Lindsay C. Strowd, Andrew C. Walls, Karolyn A. Wanat, David A. Wetter, Scott Worswick, Carolyn Ziemer, Joseph Kvedar, Anar Mikailov, Daniela Kroshinsky
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)

Patient outcomes are improved when dermatologists provide inpatient consultations. Inpatient access to dermatologists is limited, illustrating an opportunity to use teledermatology. Little is known about the ability of dermatologists to accurately diagnose disease and manage inpatients with teledermatology, particularly when using nondermatologist-generated clinical data.This prospective study assessed the ability of teledermatology to diagnose disease and manage 41 dermatology consultations from a large urban tertiary care center, using internal medicine referral documentation and photographs. Twenty-seven dermatology hospitalists were surveyed. Interrater agreement was assessed by the κ statistic.There was substantial agreement between in-person and teledermatology assessment of the diagnosis with differential diagnosis (median κ = 0.83), substantial agreement in laboratory evaluation decisions (median κ = 0.67), almost perfect agreement in imaging decisions (median κ = 1.0), and moderate agreement in biopsy decisions (median κ = 0.43). There was almost perfect agreement in treatment (median κ = 1.0), but no agreement in follow-up planning (median κ = 0.0). There was no association between raw photograph quality and the primary plus differential diagnosis or primary diagnosis alone.Selection bias and single-center nature.Teledermatology may be effective in the inpatient setting, with concordant diagnosis, evaluation, and management decisions.
Long overdue remarriage for better physical activity advice for all: bringing together the public health and occupational health agendas
Authors: Andreas Holtermann, Leon Straker, I-Min Lee, Allard J van der Beek, Emmanuel Stamatakis
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2020)

People’s physical activity (PA) throughout an entire day is a key determinant of health. Health is not only influenced by PA of moderate-to-vigorous intensity (MVPA), but also by lighter intensity, as well as daily doses of sitting and standing. Thus, PA (and its absence) in any domain of the day should not be ignored in the investigation and promotion of health. We therefore think it is unfortunate that two complementary research disciplines—public health and occupational health—have essentially been incommunicado divorcees for the past 60 years.

PA research in public and occupational health started united during the 1950s—recall the studies of work-related PA by Morris (London bus drivers)1 and Paffenbarger (San Francisco longshoremen).2 Today, however, the two fields rarely engage in meaningful collaboration. Work-related PA was barely mentioned in the US 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report,3 as ‘Most of the research findings summarized for this report are based on studies of leisure time PA’.3

In this editorial, we answer the question ‘Where did it all go wrong?’ and recommend ways for ‘remarrying’ the disciplines in order to develop coherent advice for adults from all walks of life.

There are three reasons for the diverged directions of public and occupational health. First, the two disciplines operate in silos, and understand and interpret PA differently; this leads to different PA health advice for people …
Is non-industrial society undergoing an energy balance transition predisposed to accumulate abdominal adipose tissue and susceptible to knee osteoarthritis?
Authors: Yang Yu, Shitao Lu, Jianzhong Xu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

We read with deep interest a recent article published in this journal by lan Wallace et al ,1 who found that individuals born under conditions of energetic scarcity who later encounter greater energy abundance are predisposed to accumulate abdominal adipose tissue, making them susceptible to knee osteoarthritis (OA) at lower levels of body mass index (BMI). We really appreciate the work which was done by the authors. However, some worthwhile issues need to be explored.

First, one of the major findings by the authors was that individuals in non-industrial societies undergoing an energy balance transition are inclined to accumulate abdominal …
Advances in Extrusion 3D Bioprinting: A Focus on Multicomponent Hydrogel‐Based Bioinks
Authors: Xiaolin Cui, Jun Li, Yusak Hartanto, Mitchell Durham, Junnan Tang, Hu Zhang, Gary Hooper, Khoon Lim, Tim Woodfield
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Abstract 3D bioprinting involves the combination of 3D printing technologies with cells, growth factors and biomaterials, and has been considered as one of the most advanced tools for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). However, despite multiple breakthroughs, it is evident that numerous challenges need to be overcome before 3D bioprinting will eventually become a clinical solution for a variety of TERM applications. To produce a 3D structure that is biologically functional, cell‐laden bioinks must be optimized to meet certain key characteristics including rheological properties, physico‐mechanical properties, and biofunctionality; a difficult task for a single component bioink especially for extrusion based bioprinting. As such, more recent research has been centred on multicomponent bioinks consisting of a combination of two or more biomaterials to improve printability, shape fidelity and biofunctionality. In this article, multicomponent hydrogel‐based bioink systems are systemically reviewed based on the inherent nature of the bioink (natural or synthetic hydrogels), including the most current examples demonstrating properties and advances in application of multicomponent bioinks, specifically for extrusion based 3D bioprinting. This review article will assist researchers in the field in identifying the most suitable bioink based on their requirements, as well as pinpointing current unmet challenges in the field.
FNDC4, a novel adipokine that reduces lipogenesis and promotes fat browning in human visceral adipocytes
Authors: Gema Frühbeck, Blanca Fernández-Quintana, Mirla Paniagua, Ana Wenting Hernández-Pardos, Víctor Valentí, Rafael Moncada, Victoria Catalán, Sara Becerril, Javier Gómez-Ambrosi, Piero Portincasa, Camilo Silva, Javier Salvador, Amaia Rodríguez
Journal: Metabolism (2020)