tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life Improvements Following Treatment with Olopatadine/Mometasone Combination Nasal Spray in Patients with Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis: A Pooled Analysis
Authors: Dale Mohar, Charles P. Andrews, Nelumka Fernando, Cynthia F. Caracta, Sudeesh K. Tantry
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)

RATIONALE: Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) symptoms are troublesome and often impair quality of life (QoL).Demonstrated efficacy, safety and QoL of GSP301, a fixed-dose combination nasal spray containing olopatadine hydrochloride (antihistamine) and mometasone furoate (corticosteroid), have been reported previously.Pooled QoL analysis from 3 SAR studies conducted across different pollen seasons are presented here.METHODS: Twice-daily (BID) treatment results from double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled 14-day studies (NCT02318303, NCT02631551, NCT02870205; N52,971) were pooled.SAR patients (12-65 years) were equally randomized to GSP301 (olopatadine 665mg/ mometasone 25mg BID), olopatadine (665mg BID), mometasone (25mg BID), or placebo (BID).Results from once-daily treatments, evaluated only in NCT02318303, are not shown here.Mean change from baseline to day 15 in overall Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire-Standardized Activities [RQLQ(S)] score was analyzed using ANCOVA (P<0.055statisticallysignificant).Individual QoL domains were also assessed.RESULTS: GSP301 BID demonstrated statistically significant improvements in overall RQLQ(S) scores vs placebo (least squares mean difference [95% CI]: -0.48 [-0.67, -0.30], P<0.001).GSP301 also provided statistically significant improvements vs placebo in each individual domain: activities (-0.55 [-0.75, -0.35], P<0.001); emotional (-0.49[-0.69, -0.29], P<0.001); eye symptoms (-0.48 [-0.68, -0.27], P<0.001); nasal symptoms (-0.69 [-0.89, -0.49], P<0.001); non-nose/eye symptoms (-0.33 [-0.51, -0.14], P<0.001); practical problems (-0.62 [-0.83, -0.41], P<0.001); and sleep (-0.40 [-0.60, -0.19], P<0.001).Treatment-emergent adverse events were low and comparable across treatments (reported elsewhere).CONCLUSIONS: In a pooled analysis of SAR studies conducted across different pollen seasons, GSP301 BID treatment provided statistically significant improvements in QoL vs placebo and was well tolerated.
Philosophical Bioethics in the Policy Arena: A Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Just Policy? An Ethical Analysis of Early Intervention Policy Guidance”
Authors: Rose Mortimer, Alex McKeown, Ilina Singh
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2019)

We thank the authors of the open peer commentaries (OPCs) for their thoughtful and illuminating contribution to the debate. There were lots of topics that we wanted to explore in our target article...
Ventricular mass as a prognostic imaging biomarker in incident pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Catherine E. Simpson, Rachel L. Damico, Todd M. Kolb, Stephen C. Mathai, Rubina M. Khair, Takahiro Sato, Khalil Bourji, Ryan J. Tedford, Stefan L. Zimmerman, Paul M. Hassoun
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

<b>Increased right ventricular mass and VMI, the ratio of RV mass to LV mass, are predictors of mortality in incident, treatment-naive PAH. These findings challenge the notion that RV hypertrophy is adaptive in pulmonary hypertension.</b>http://ow.ly/qzvt30ntJze
Abstract P264: Excess Heart Age in HIV Outpatient Study Participants
Authors: Angela M Thompson-Paul, Frank J Palella, Nabil Rayeed, Matthew D Ritchey, Kenneth A Lichtenstein, Quanhe Yang, Cathleen C Gillespie, Fleetwood Loustalot, Rachel Hart, Kate Buchacz
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected adults. Calculating an individual’s excess heart age, or the difference between their chronological age and predicted heart age, can be useful in describing their risk for developing CVD and motivating behavior change to decrease their CVD risk. The overall mean excess heart age is 7.8 and 5.4 years among U.S. men and women, respectively. We evaluated excess heart age among HIV-infected adults in medical care using sex-specific, cholesterol-based models developed from Framingham general CVD risk prediction equations. Included were HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) participants aged 30-74 y, who had ≥2 HOPS clinic visits during 2010-2014, had no prior CVD at the start of observation, had &gt;1 y of follow-up, and had non-missing data for all covariates. Age-standardized (2010 U.S. census) and weighted means, prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for participant chronological age, predicted heart age, and excess heart age. From 5,088 HOPS participants assessed for eligibility, 1905 men and 584 women were included in the analysis. Heart age exceeded chronological age by 11.3 and 11.9 y among men and women, respectively (Table). Excess heart age was greatest among non-Hispanic Blacks, persons aged 50-59 y, those with less than high school education, and women with a median CD4+ count ≥500 cells/μL. Predicted heart age was higher than chronological age among HIV-infected men and women and surpassed excess heart age estimates observed in the general U.S. population. Greater excess heart age among HIV-infected adults might result from demographic differences, higher frequency of CVD risk factors including smoking, diabetes, HIV-associated excess chronic inflammation, and possibly lower use rates of antihypertensive or statin drugs. Routine clinical use of heart age calculation may help optimize CVD risk communication and interventions for aging HIV-infected persons.
Identification of Peanut-Allergic Participants for Oral Immunotherapy With AR101 Using Clinical Reaction History and Immunologic Markers Without Oral Food Challenge – A Comparison Between RAMSES and PALISADE Trials
Authors: Alan B. Goldsobel, Kirsten Beyer, Stacie M. Jones, A. Wesley Burks, Wayne G. Shreffler, Thomas B. Casale, George du Toit, Trinh Pham, Vinod Charnani, Noelle M. Griffin, Daniel C. Adelman, John Matthews, Kari R. Brown, Brian P. Vickery
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Abstract P149: Retention of Participants in Longitudinal Research: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Sandi Shrager
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Retention of participants is a critical component of ensuring the scientific goals of longitudinal research studies. Differential rates of attrition for ethnic minority participants can be particularly problematic in the fields of health and cardiovascular research, where ethnic minorities are shown to have disproportionately higher rates of both cardiovascular disease and risk factors for heart disease such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. The ability to explore the underlying causes of these differences is adversely affected when attrition in a study occurs at a higher rate among the ethnic minority subject participants. Understanding and preventing the causes of subject drop-out to improve retention among all ethnic groups is therefore a vital endeavor of any longitudinal research or cohort study. Methods: We analyzed data on ten-year retention rates of Caucasian, Chinese, Hispanic, and African-American participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). 6814 participants were recruited into the study in 2000, and 5,865 participants were still alive for the fifth in-person examination ten years later. Of these, 4651 participants returned for this examination. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between retention in the study, race/ethnicity and various baseline demographic characteristics, including age, gender, marital status, income, employment, education, language, place of birth, health insurance status and overall health status as measured by a 10-year predicted cardiovascular disease rate. Results: Racial differences in retention were observed, with Chinese, African-American, and Hispanic participants having 30-40% lower odds of being retained than Caucasian participants. However, after adjusting for demographic variables, these differences were primarily explained by indicators of socioeconomic status. Higher income, higher education, employment status, availability of health insurance and health status were significantly associated with ten-year retention in the study across all racial/ethnic groups. Marital status, gender, age, and birthplace (US vs non-US) were not associated with retention. Conclusions: Although minority participants were retained at lower rates in MESA, this can be primarily explained by differences in socioeconomic status and health status. Individuals with higher SES indicators may have life circumstances making participation in an examination taking much of a full day more plausible. Future studies should consider how these findings may inform developing support services or incentives which make follow-up participation in clinical research more persuasive for these individuals.
Genetic Susceptibility to Alopecia
Authors: Jouni Uitto
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

The hair unit is composed of specialized compartments that are coordinately responsible for synthesis of the hair fiber. The principal signaling center of the hair follicle resides in the dermal papilla, which consists of a specialized fibroblast population that is responsible for regeneration and cycling of the follicle. The dermal papilla interacts with the overlying epithelial cells, known as the hair matrix, to generate the hair shaft.1 The size of the dermal papilla niche is dynamic and actively regulated, and a reduction in the number of cells that make up the dermal papilla is believed to contribute to the loss . . .
Abstract 13776: Associations Between Plasma Zinc and Mortality in Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Yuki Kanno, Akiomi Yoshihisa, Takatoyo Kiko, Yusuke Kimishima, Yu Sato, Shunsuke Watanabe, Makiko Tatsumi, Satoshi Abe, Takamasa Sato, Satoshi Suzuki, Masayoshi Oikawa, Atsushi Kobayashi, Takayoshi Yamaki, Hiroyuki Kunii, Kazuhiko Nakazato, Shu-ichi Saitoh, Takafumi Ishida, Yasuchika Takeishi
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Zinc is essentially an intracellular ion, stored mainly in the skeletal muscles and bones, and is associated with cell growth and differentiation as catalytic and structural cofactor. Heart failure (HF) may be associated with zinc deficiency through reduction in dietary intake, decreased absorption due to gastrointestinal edema, impaired motility or intestinal zinc losses. We aimed to investigate the impact of plasma levels of zinc on prognosis of HF, and underlying clinical background and cardiac function. Methods and Results: We measured plasma levels of zinc in 968 patients with HF. These patients were divided into 3 groups based on the zinc level (μg/dl): 1st (76≤zinc, n=312), 2nd (62≤zinc<75, n=344) and 3rd (zinc< 61, n=312) tertiles. We examined cardiac function and exercise capacity, and followed up all patients (mean 1103 days). Multiple regression analysis showed that age, presence of anemia and usage of diuretics are independent predictors of zinc (age, s=-0.184, P<0.001; anemia, s=-...
Similar Quality of Life with 5mg Versus 25mg Lenalidomide Maintenance after First-Line High-Dose Therapy and Autologous Blood Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma: Results of the Lenamain Trial
Authors: Amelie Boquoi, Aristoteles Giagounidis, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Michael Heinsch, Mathias J Rummel, Nicolaus Kroeger, David Lopez y Niedenhoff, C. Matthias Wilk, Ingrida Savickaite, Elias K Mai, Carlo Aul, Judith Strapatsas, Ariane Dienst, Mustafa Kondakci, Rainer Haas, Guido Kobbe, Roland Fenk
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 15369: Low Ldl-Cholesterol by Pcsk9 Variation and Mortality in 109,800 Individuals From the General Population
Authors: Marianne Benn, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen, Børge G Nordestgaard
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Low levels of low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol due to inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) may be associated with low risk of cardiovascular and all...
FDA Approval Summary: Ivosidenib for Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia with an Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-1 Mutation
Authors: Kelly J. Norsworthy, Lola Luo, Vicky Hsu, Ramadevi Gudi, Sarah E. Dorff, Donna Przepiorka, Albert Deisseroth, Yuan-Li Shen, Christopher M. Sheth, Rosane Charlab, Gene M. Williams, Kirsten B. Goldberg, Ann T. Farrell, Richard Pazdur
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

The FDA approved ivosidenib (Tibsovo; Agios), a small-molecule inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)1 on July 20, 2018, for treatment of adults with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) with susceptible IDH1 mutation as detected by an FDA-approved test. The efficacy of ivosidenib was established on the basis of complete remission (CR) + CR with partial hematologic recovery (CRh) rate, duration of CR + CRh, and conversion from transfusion dependence (TD) to transfusion independence (TI) in Study AG120-C-001, a single-arm trial. With median follow-up of 8.3 months for 174 adults with IDH1-mutated R/R AML treated with 500 mg ivosidenib daily, the CR + CRh rate was 33% [95% confidence interval (CI), 26-40], median duration of response was 8.2 (95% CI, 5.6-12) months, and conversion from TD to TI occurred in 37% of patients. These endpoints reflect short-term benefit in patients with an unmet medical need; long-term efficacy outcomes were not assessed. Serious adverse reactions (AR) in ≥5% of patients were differentiation syndrome (10%), leukocytosis (10%), and QT interval prolongation (7%). Common (≥20%) ARs of any grade were fatigue, leukocytosis, arthralgia, diarrhea, dyspnea, edema, nausea, mucositis, QT interval prolongation, rash, pyrexia, cough, and constipation. Assessment of long-term safety of ivosidenib is a condition of this approval.
Slit-Robo Pathway Is Clinically Relevant and May Represent a Potential Target in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Authors: Isabel Weinhäuser, Diego Antonio Pereira-Martins, Cesar Ortiz, Josiane Lilian Schiavinato, Camila Bonaldo, Luisa C Koury, Virginia Mara De Deus Wagatsuma, Raul Antônio Morais Melo, Rosane Bittencourt, Katia B Pagnano, Evandro Maranhão Fagundes, Ana Beatriz F. Gloria, Fabio R. Kerbauy, Maria de Lourdes Chauffaille, Ricardo Pasquini, Martin S. Tallman, Raul Ribeiro, Richard Dillon, Armand Keating, Arnold Ganser, Bob Lowenberg, Peter Valk, Francesco Lo-Coco, Miguel A. Sanz, Nancy Berliner, Antonio R. Lucena-Araujo, Eduardo Magalhães Rego
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract P440: Ethnic and Gender-specific Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Adults in the California Health Interview Survey 2009
Authors: Sarah Choi, Michael Liu, Latha Palaniappan, Elsie Wang, Nathan Wong
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: The ethnic and gender-specific prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) have not been adequately documented in past studies; in addition, Asians and Hispanics have been often treated as aggregates, making it difficult to examine subgroup differences. Methods: Using the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) 2009 data, we identified the prevalence of DM and associated risk factors, stratified by gender, for the following ethnicities: Chinese, Filipino, South Asian, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Cambodian, Mexican, Hispanic (Other), African American, and Caucasian (n=45,857, projected = 26.6 mil). Results: Among men, the age-adjusted prevalence of DM was highest in Filipinos (15.8%), Japanese (11.8%), and Mexicans (10.2%). Among women, African Americans (13.3%) and Other Hispanic (10.7%) had the highest DM prevalence. Significant gender difference was observed in Caucasians and Mexicans, where men had a higher DM prevalence than women. In multiple logistic regression adjusting for age and other clinical and lifestyle risk factors, among women, compared to Caucasians, an increased likelihood of DM was seen in Koreans (OR=4.72, p &lt;0.01), Cambodian (OR=3.84, p &lt;0.05), and Other Hispanic (OR=2.90, p &lt;0.01) Among men, compared to Caucasians, DM was more likely in Filipinos (OR=6.99, p &lt;0.01), South Asians (OR=4.69, p &lt;0.01), and Mexicans (OR=2.82, p &lt;0.01). Conclusion: Ethnic and gender differences in DM prevalence persist, even after adjusting for lifestyle and other risk factors. Racial/ethnic minority groups, particularly certain Asian subgroups, have the highest DM prevalence in California, despite risk factor adjustment. Different ethnic and gender- specific diabetes prevention approaches may be required.
Body size and obesity during adulthood, and risk of lympho-haematopoietic cancers: an update of the WCRF-AICR systematic review of published prospective studies
Authors: L. Abar, J.G. Sobiecki, M. Cariolou, N. Nanu, A.R. Vieira, C. Stevens, D. Aune, D.C. Greenwood, D.S.M. Chan, T. Norat
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

To summarise the evidence on the associations between body mass index (BMI) and BMI in early adulthood, height, waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and risk of lympho-haematopoietic cancers.
Abstract 11174: A Novel Approach to Critical Congenital Heart Disease (CCHD) Screening at Moderate Altitude
Authors: Jason T Wright, Duster Mark, Leilani B Russell, Marci K Sontag, Cindy Eller, Christopher M Rausch
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Prenatal studies and postnatal physical exam leave 13- 55% of neonates with CCHD undiagnosed leading to presentation in extremis or death. The AHA has endorsed newborn pulse oximetry screening to capture these infants prior to hospital discharge. Moderate altitude can impart higher screening failure rates. We therefore evaluated a modified CCHD screening protocol in an attempt to reduce false positive screenings at a moderate altitude of 6200 feet (1890 m). Methods: We prospectively enlisted well newborn infants greater than 35 weeks. Near 24 hours of life, trained nursing staff performed pulse oximetry on the right hand and either foot. Those with saturations ≤95% with &lt; 3% difference between hand and foot measurements passed. Infants with saturations &lt;86% failed. Infants with saturations between 86-94% or &gt;3% difference in saturations were placed in an oxygen hood with FiO2 designed to replicate sea level atmospheric oxygen tension for 20 minutes to accelerate neonatal transition. These infants were tested again up to 2 additional screens in room air with standard sea level protocol. Providers were notified and echocardiograms ordered for all infants deemed to have failed. Results: A total of 2005 infants completed the protocol. The failure rate was 0.3% (7/2005), which was not different from the sea level rate of 0.2%. Sea level CCHD screening criteria would have given a failure rate of 0.75%. An additional 2.1% (42/2005) had incomplete screening and were not passing at the time the test was stopped. We found 5/7 (71.4%) infants failed secondary to low saturations, 1/7 (14.3%) failed secondary differential saturations, and 1 infant failed for multiple reasons. Three of the seven infants with failing screens were discharged prior to echocardiogram. None of the infants receiving echocardiograms had critical congenital heart disease. Conclusions: We found a failure rate of 0.3% using an alternate algorithm adjusted for altitude. This failure rate approximates the overall screening failures reported at sea level and is significantly lower than prior reports at altitude. Additional research is needed specifically addressing sensitivity and positive predictive value for screening at moderate altitudes.
Abstract 20620: Increased Gut Dysbiosis and Leakiness in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Ruby Goel, Seungbum Kim, Katya Rigatto, Brian Shapiro, Jordan Ray, Yanfei Qi, Marcelo B Gazzana, Marli M Knorst, Elaine M Richards, Carl J Pepine, Mohan K Raizada
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex, devastating disease leading to right heart failure and death. However, there is limited promise for novel approaches to identify, c...
Phase 2 study using oral thalidomide-cyclophosphamide-prednisone for idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease
Authors: Lu Zhang, Ai-lin Zhao, Ming-hui Duan, Zhi-yuan Li, Xin-xin Cao, Jun Feng, Dao-bin Zhou, Ding-rong Zhong, David C. Fajgenbaum, Jian Li
Journal: Blood (2019)
Abstract 18832: Trans-ethnic Genome-wide Association Study of Peripheral Artery Disease in the VA Million Veteran Program
Authors: Scott M Damrauer, Derek Klarin, Julie A Lynch, Themistocles L Assimes, Aeron M Small, Jin Li, Shipra Arya, Pradeep Natarajan, Yan V Sun, Danish Saleheen, J. M Gaziano, John Concato, Kelly Cho, Sekar Kathiresan, Daniel J Rader, Peter F Wilson, Kyong-Mi Chang, Christopher J O'Donnell, Philip S Tsao
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is the third leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite significant evidence of an underlying genetic component to PAD ...
Gastric cancer liver metastasis: Optimal management for oligo-metastatic disease.
Authors: Hiromichi Ito, Nobuyuki Takemura, Yoshihiro Ono, Takafumi Sato, Yoshihiro Mise, Yosuke Inoue, Yu Takahashi, Akio Saiura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

136 Background: The role of surgery for gastric cancer liver metastasis (GCLM) has not been established and particularly, the optimal management for liver-isolated, oligo-GCLMs remains controversial. The aims of this study were to review the outcomes for our patients with GCLM who underwent liver resection and to define the optimal selection criteria for resection. Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent liver resection for GCLMs with curative intent at our institution from 1993 through 2018 were reviewed. Our criteria for liver resection included absence of extrahepatic disease, and the limited number of liver metastasis (often 3 or less). Results: Total 101 patients with GCLM (77 men [76%], median age 66 years) were included. Forty-seven patients (46%) had synchronous metastasis and all underwent simultaneous resection with the primary disease. Those with synchronous disease received neoadjuvant therapy more often than those with metachronous disease (63% vs 37%, p = 0.021). Median RFS and OS for the entire cohort were 11 months and 39 months, respectively, and 5-year-OS rate was 41%. Of note, 25 patients achieved survival longer than 5 years without any recurrence thereafter with median follow-up of 137 months. In the multivariate analyses, elevated CEA 50 ng/ml or greater and nodal status of the primary were associated with shorter RFS, while primary T4 disease, liver tumor 5cm or great and elevated CEA were associated with shorter OS (Table 1). Conclusions: For well selected patients with GCLM, liver resection is an effective therapy not only to prolong disease-free time, but also to achieve cure. CEA is useful to select patients with GCLM who unlikely benefit from aggressive surgery. [Table: see text]
Integrating mental health with other non-communicable diseases
Authors: Dan J Stein, Corina Benjet, Oye Gureje, Crick Lund, Kate M Scott, Vladimir Poznyak, Mark van Ommeren
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Mental disorders often coexist with other non-communicable diseases and they share many risk factors. Dan Stein and colleagues examine the evidence for an integrated approach