tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Targeting CD79b Show Efficacy in Lymphoma with or without Cotargeting CD19
Authors: Maria Ormhøj, Irene Scarfò, Maria L Cabral, Stefanie R Bailey, Selena J Lorrey, Amanda A Bouffard, Ana P Castano, Rebecca C Larson, Lauren S Riley, Andrea Schmidts, Bryan D Choi, Rikke S Andersen, Oriane Cédile, Charlotte G Nyvold, Jacob H Christensen, Morten F Gjerstorff, Henrik J Ditzel, David M Weinstock, Torben Barington, Matthew J Frigault, Marcela V Maus
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

T cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) against CD19 have recently been FDA approved for the treatment of relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma. Despite the success and curative potential of CD19 CAR T cells, several reports describing disease relapse due to antigen loss are now emerging.
Adeno-associated viral vector serotype 9–based gene therapy for Niemann-Pick disease type A
Authors: Lluis Samaranch, Azucena Pérez-Cañamás, Beatriz Soto-Huelin, Vivek Sudhakar, Jerónimo Jurado-Arjona, Piotr Hadaczek, Jesús Ávila, John R. Bringas, Josefina Casas, Haifeng Chen, Xingxuan He, Edward H. Schuchman, Seng H. Cheng, John Forsayeth, Krystof S. Bankiewicz, María Dolores Ledesma
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2019)

Gene therapy for Niemann-Pick type A disease is safe in nonhuman primates and has therapeutic effects in a mouse model.
Deriving individual threshold doses from clinical food challenge data for population risk assessment of food allergens
Authors: Joost Westerhout, Joseph L. Baumert, W. Marty Blom, Katrina J. Allen, Barbara Ballmer-Weber, René W.R. Crevel, Anthony E.J. Dubois, Montserrat Fernández-Rivas, Matthew J. Greenhawt, Jonathan O'B. Hourihane, Jennifer J. Koplin, Astrid G. Kruizinga, Thuy-My Le, Hugh A. Sampson, Wayne G. Shreffler, Paul J. Turner, Steve L. Taylor, Geert F. Houben, Benjamin C. Remington
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Pensions crisis: the government must act
Authors: Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2019)

It would be a tragic irony if something as fundamentally benign and beneficial as doctors’ pensions proved to be the final downfall of the NHS. But when senior doctors find themselves with little choice but to reduce sessions, stop doing overtime, or retire early because of changes to the way their pensions are taxed, this may be our new reality.

How has it come to this? As articles this week explain, the seeds were sown with the move away from a final salary scheme to one with defined benefits, coupled with successive reductions in the annual tax-free allowance. But the killer blow has been the …
ABC of preterm birth: Respiratory complications of preterm birth
Authors: Jenny Fraser, Moira Walls, William McGuire
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Respiratory complications of preterm birth are an important cause of infant mortality and morbidity. This article looks at how advances in perinatal care have improved outcomes for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome and chronic lung disease.

### Preparation for home oxygen treatment

Respiratory distress syndrome of prematurity is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Primarily, respiratory distress syndrome is caused by deficiency of pulmonary surfactant. Surfactant is a complex mixture of phospholipids and proteins that reduces alveolar surface tension and maintains alveolar stability. As most alveolar surfactant is produced after about 30-32 weeks' gestation, preterm infants born before then will probably develop respiratory distress syndrome. In addition to short gestation, several other clinical risk factors have been identified.

### Risk factors for respiratory distress syndeome

Preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome present immediately or soon after birth with worsening respiratory distress. The presenting features include tachypnoea (respiratory rate > 60 breaths per minute); intercostals, subcostal, and sternal recession; expiratory grunting; cyanosis; and diminished breath sounds.

If untreated, infants may become fatigued, apnoeic, and hypoxic. They may progress to respiratory failure and will need assisted ventilation. High airway pressures may be required to ventilate the stiff, non-compliant lungs, thereby increasing the risk of acute respiratory complications, such as pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and pulmonary interstitial emphysema.

### Indications for mechanical ventilation in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome

Over the past 20-30 years, two major advances in perinatal …
Efficacy of a Clinical Prediction Rule to Identify Febrile Young Infants at Low Risk for Serious Bacterial Infections
Authors: William Bonadio
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Identifying chemogenetic interactions from CRISPR screens with drugZ
Authors: Medina Colic, Gang Wang, Michal Zimmermann, Keith Mascall, Megan McLaughlin, Lori Bertolet, W. Frank Lenoir, Jason Moffat, Stephane Angers, Daniel Durocher, Traver Hart
Journal: Genome Medicine (2019)

Chemogenetic profiling enables the identification of gene mutations that enhance or suppress the activity of chemical compounds. This knowledge provides insights into drug mechanism of action, genetic vulnerabilities, and resistance mechanisms, all of which may help stratify patient populations and improve drug efficacy. CRISPR-based screening enables sensitive detection of drug-gene interactions directly in human cells, but until recently has primarily been used to screen only for resistance mechanisms. We present drugZ, an algorithm for identifying both synergistic and suppressor chemogenetic interactions from CRISPR screens. DrugZ identifies synthetic lethal interactions between PARP inhibitors and both known and novel members of the DNA damage repair pathway, confirms KEAP1 loss as a resistance factor for ERK inhibitors in oncogenic KRAS backgrounds, and defines the genetic context for temozolomide activity. DrugZ is an open-source Python software for the analysis of genome-scale drug modifier screens. The software accurately identifies genetic perturbations that enhance or suppress drug activity. Interestingly, analysis of new and previously published data reveals tumor suppressor genes are drug-agnostic resistance genes in drug modifier screens. The software is available at github.com/hart-lab/drugz .
Trends in use and misuse of opioids in the Netherlands: a retrospective, multi-source database study
Authors: Gerard Arnoldus Kalkman, Cornelis Kramers, Robert T van Dongen, Wim van den Brink, Arnt Schellekens
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2019)

The USA is currently facing a serious opioid misuse epidemic that started with increased prescribing of oxycodone and the inclusion of pain as a fifth vital sign, and eventually resulted in massive overdose mortality. In Europe, including the Netherlands, the medical use of opioids (mainly oxycodone) has also increased since 2009, but an increase in proxies for opioid misuse has not yet been described.For this retrospective, multi-source database study, data were requested from several national databases in the Netherlands to evaluate the following time trends: (1) number of people with opioid prescriptions, (2) number of hospital admissions related to opioid intoxication, (3) number of people treated for opioid use disorder, and (4) number of people who died from opioid poisoning. Data were presented as the number per 100 000 inhabitants, using population data over the years 2008-17 from Statistics Netherlands (Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek). Data about the number of people with opioid prescriptions was obtained from the Drug Information Project (Genees- en hulpmiddelen Informatie Project) database hosted by the Dutch National Health Care Institute (Zorginstituut Nederland). Data about opioid-related hospital admissions between 2008 and 2017 were obtained from the Dutch National Hospital Care Basic Registration (Landelijke Basisregistratie Ziekenhuiszorg), a database managed by Dutch Hospital Data. Data about addiction treatment were obtained from the National Alcohol and Drugs Information System (Landelijk Alcohol en Drugs Informatie Systeem). Data on opioid mortality between 2008 and 2017 were obtained from the cause-of-death statistics database hosted by Statistics Netherlands. Each database covered almost the entire population of the Netherlands.Between 2008 and 2017, the overall number of prescription opioid users nearly doubled from 4109 per 100 000 inhabitants to 7489 per 100 000 inhabitants, mainly because the number of oxycodone users quadrupled from 574 to 2568 per 100 000 inhabitants. In the same period, the number of opioid-related hospital admissions tripled from 2·5 to 7·8 per 100 000 inhabitants, and between 2008 and 2015 the number of patients in addiction care for opioid use disorders other than heroin increased from 3·1 to 5·6 per 100 000 inhabitants. Opioid-related mortality was stable between 2008 and 2014 with 0·21 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants, but after 2014 it increased to 0·65 per 100 000 inhabitants in 2017.Prescription opioid use increased substantially between 2008 and 2017, and several proxies for misuse show a parallel increasing trend. Although the Netherlands is far from the opioid epidemic faced by the USA, safe opioid prescribing guidelines should be implemented to prevent further escalation and to keep opioid painkillers available for those in need.Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre.
Regression of Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in a Patient With Eradication of Hepatitis C Virus by Direct‐Acting Antivirals
Authors: Yusuke Johira, Haruna Hatooka, Nami Mori, Takayuki Fukuhara, Shintaro Takaki, Yumi Shimomura, Michio Imamura, C. Nelson Hayes, Keiji Tsuji, Kazuaki Chayama
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Johira, Yusuke; Hatooka, Haruna; Mori, Nami; Fukuhara, Takayuki; Takaki, Shintaro; Shimomura, Yumi; Imamura, Michio; Hayes, C. Nelson; Tsuji, Keiji; Chayama, Kazuaki Author Information
Common variable immunodeficiency–associated endotoxemia promotes early commitment to the T follicular lineage
Authors: Carole Le Coz, Bertram Bengsch, Caroline Khanna, Melissa Trofa, Takuya Ohtani, Brian E. Nolan, Sarah E. Henrickson, Michele P. Lambert, Taylor Olmsted Kim, Jenny M. Despotovic, Scott Feldman, Olajumoke O. Fadugba, Patricia Takach, Melanie Ruffner, Soma Jyonouchi, Jennifer Heimall, Kathleen E. Sullivan, E. John Wherry, Neil Romberg
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Removing a metal stent using a string following endoscopic ultrasound-guided antegrade placement for pancreaticojejunostomy stricture
Authors: Tadahisa Inoue, Mayu Ibusuki, Rena Kitano, Yuji Kobayashi, Kiyoaki Ito, Masashi Yoneda
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Temporary stent placement is effective for symptomatic pancreaticojejunostomy stricture (PJS). An endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided approach is a useful salvage technique when balloon enteroscopy-assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is unsuccessful [1] [2] [3] [4]. However, plastic stents are sometimes not sufficient to improve the stricture. Although covered self-expandable metal stents (CSEMS) may be useful for severe strictures, their removal after EUS-guided antegrade placement is challenging. Here, we report a successful case of removal of antegrade-placed CSEMS using a string via EUS-guided pancreaticogastrostomy.
A wave of monocytes is recruited to replenish the long-term Langerhans cell network after immune injury
Authors: Ivana R. Ferrer, Heather C. West, Stephen Henderson, Dmitry S. Ushakov, Pedro Santos e Sousa, Jessica Strid, Ronjon Chakraverty, Andrew J. Yates, Clare L. Bennett
Journal: Science Immunology (2019)

A dense population of embryo-derived Langerhans cells (eLCs) is maintained within the sealed epidermis without contribution from circulating cells. When this network is perturbed by transient exposure to ultraviolet light, short-term LCs are temporarily reconstituted from an initial wave of monocytes but thought to be superseded by more permanent repopulation with undefined LC precursors. However, the extent to which this process is relevant to immunopathological processes that damage LC population integrity is not known. Using a model of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, where alloreactive T cells directly target eLCs, we have asked whether and how the original LC network is ultimately restored. We find that donor monocytes, but not dendritic cells, are the precursors of long-term LCs in this context. Destruction of eLCs leads to recruitment of a wave of monocytes that engraft in the epidermis and undergo a sequential pathway of differentiation via transcriptionally distinct EpCAM
The association of body mass index, weight gain and central obesity with activity-related breathlessness: the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study
Authors: Magnus Pär Ekström, Anders Blomberg, Göran Bergström, John Brandberg, Kenneth Caidahl, Gunnar Engström, Jan Engvall, Maria Eriksson, Klas Gränsbo, Tomas Hansen, Tomas Jernberg, Lars Nilsson, Ulf Nilsson, Anna-Carin Olin, Lennart Persson, Annika Rosengren, Martin Sandelin, Magnus Sköld, Johan Sundström, Eva Swahn, Stefan Söderberg, Hanan A Tanash, Kjell Torén, Carl Johan Östgren, Eva Lindberg
Journal: Thorax (2019)

Breathlessness is common in the population, especially in women and associated with adverse health outcomes. Obesity (body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2) is rapidly increasing globally and its impact on breathlessness is unclear.This population-based study aimed primarily to evaluate the association of current BMI and self-reported change in BMI since age 20 with breathlessness (modified Research Council score ≥1) in the middle-aged population. Secondary aims were to evaluate factors that contribute to breathlessness in obesity, including the interaction with spirometric lung volume and sex.We included 13 437 individuals; mean age 57.5 years; 52.5% women; mean BMI 26.8 (SD 4.3); mean BMI increase since age 20 was 5.0 kg/m2; and 1283 (9.6%) reported breathlessness. Obesity was strongly associated with increased breathlessness, OR 3.54 (95% CI, 3.03 to 4.13) independent of age, sex, smoking, airflow obstruction, exercise level and the presence of comorbidities. The association between BMI and breathlessness was modified by lung volume; the increase in breathlessness prevalence with higher BMI was steeper for individuals with lower forced vital capacity (FVC). The higher breathlessness prevalence in obese women than men (27.4% vs 12.5%; p<0.001) was related to their lower FVC. Irrespective of current BMI and confounders, individuals who had increased in BMI since age 20 had more breathlessness.Breathlessness is independently associated with obesity and with weight gain in adult life, and the association is stronger for individuals with lower lung volumes.
Prevalence of endocrine disorders in childhood brain tumor survivors in South Korea: A nationwide population-based, longitudinal study.
Authors: Jaesung Heo, O Kyu Noh, Jun Eun Park, Minhyung Cho, Seonghye Choi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

e21517 Background: Brain tumors are the most common solid cancers in child patients with a current expected 5-year overall survival rate of 73%. Also, patients with brain cancer tend to have a high rate of neuroendocrine disorders. These endocrine problems may have a significant negative effect on quality of life and treatment compliance. Methods: The aim of this longitudinal study was to analyze the prevalence of endocrine disorders in childhood brain tumor survivors using claims data in South Korea. We confirmed endocrine disorders in a nationwide cohort of 1,058 patients who were diagnosed with brain tumor between January 1, 2009 and March 29, 2016 and who survived &gt; 2 years after diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate association between demographic and treatment related variables and the prevalence of endocrine disorders. Results: After a median follow-up of 60.0 months, a total of 393 (37.1%) patients were diagnosed with at least one endocrine disorder. The median follow-up time from primary brain tumor diagnosis to diagnosis of first endocrine disorders was 26.3 months (range, 0.06 to 96.7). Of those patients, 333 childhood brain tumor survivors were diagnosed with endocrine disorders during their first 5 years after diagnosis. The overall frequency of endocrine disorders peaked during 2 months after the cancer diagnosis. The most common endocrine disorders were pituitary dysfunction (21.9%), thyroidal disease (6.1%), precocious puberty (4.6%), and growth hormone deficiency (4.3%). Female patients were at a higher risk for endocrine disorders (odds ratio: 1.45, p = 0.005). The patients with radiotherapy were more likely to have endocrine disorders compared without radiotherapy (odds ratio: 1.79, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Endocrine disorders in childhood brain tumor survivors was high and showed different patterns of prevalence depending on the nature of disease and time sequence. In childhood brain tumor survivors who are risk of endocrine disorders, regular assessment of endocrine function and timely intervention were needed. [Table: see text]
Biologicals in allergic diseases and asthma: Toward personalized medicine and precision health: Highlights of the 3rd EAACI Master Class on Biologicals, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid, 2019
Authors: Oscar Palomares, Eva Untersmayr, Jan Gutermuth, Ioana Agache, Sofia Ajeganova, Sevim Bavbek, Susan Chan, Marek Jutel, Santiago Quirce, Peter Schmid‐Grendelmeier, Carsten Schmidt‐Weber, María José Torres, Thomas Eiwegger
Journal: Allergy (2019)
Follow-up study of a randomized clinical trial with quality of life diagnosis and therapy: Long-term quality of life of breast cancer survivors.
Authors: Monika Klinkhammer-Schalke, Patricia Lindberg, Brunhilde Steinger, Michael Koller, Jeremy Wyatt, Ferdinand Hofstädter, Wilfried Lorenz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e20517 Background: To improve breast cancer patients` quality of life (QoL) as second relevant outcome of care, a clinical pathway with diagnosis and therapy of diseased QoL has been developed, implemented and tested in a randomized trial (RCT) as part of a complex intervention. More than 6 years after RCT, long-term QoL of survivors was assessed and separately analyzed in 2 cohorts: QoL-intervention + guideline treatment in the first postoperative year (GC+) and guideline treatment alone (GC). Methods: Both cohorts were part of a randomized trial with 2 x 100 primary breast cancer patients, surgically treated between 2004 - 2006, with QoL measurement every 3 months during the first year (EORTC QLQ-C30, BR23). In GC+ cohort, QoL was presented to coordinating physicians in a QoL-profile, including recommendations for treatment of diseased QoL (cutoff &lt;50 points on scale 0 = bad, 100 = good) in 10 dimensions (global QoL, physical, role, emotional, cognitive, social functioning, arm symptoms, body image, pain, fatigue) and up to 5 targeted therapies to improve QoL. GC was treated according to S3 guideline. At follow-up &gt;6 years after diagnosis (range of months since surgery: GC+ 74-94; GC 74-96), rates of diseased QoL in both cohorts were analyzed and compared with QoL 12 months postoperatively. Results: Long-term QoL was assessed in 66 patients of GC+ (mean age 64.7 (±10.9)) and 67 of GC (mean age 63.7 (±10.9)) (death GC+=13, GC=18; response rate 79%). In GC+, 48% of patients reported at least 1 QoL deficit at 12 months compared with 52% at 6-year follow-up, while in GC rate of diseased QoL increased from 53% to 62%. Regarding single dimensions, in GC+ rates of diseased QoL increased from 12 months to 6 years (except global QoL), reaching significance for arm symptoms (9% vs 29%) and body image (3% vs 16%) (p&lt;.01, McNemar`s test). In GC no dimension changed significantly, but rates of diseased QoL for arm symptoms (26% vs 31%) and body image (9% vs 17%) were already rather high at 12 months. Conclusions: Breast cancer patients need tailored QoL therapy, exceeding the first postoperative year. Similar to traditional medical care, QoL needs to be considered continuously by anchoring it in follow-up care.
Abstract 19981: Periprocedural NT-proBNP Levels Predict Long-term Outcome in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Hatim Seoudy, Markus Neu, Georg Lutter, Christian Kuhn, Norbert Frey, Derk Frank
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a well-established treatment option in high-risk and selected intermediate-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis. Cardiovascular b...