tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Switching to iGlarLixi Versus Continuing Daily or Weekly GLP-1 RA in Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled by GLP-1 RA and Oral Antihyperglycemic Therapy: The LixiLan-G Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Lawrence Blonde, Julio Rosenstock, Stefano Del Prato, Robert Henry, Naim Shehadeh, Juan Frias, Elisabeth Niemoeller, Elisabeth Souhami, Chen Ji, Vanita R. Aroda
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

Fixed-ratio combinations of basal insulin plus glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) allow concomitant administration of two proven complementary injectable therapies for type 2 diabetes. This study investigated switching to a titratable fixed-ratio combination of insulin glargine plus lixisenatide (iGlarLixi) in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving daily or weekly GLP-1 RA therapy.LixiLan-G, a randomized, open-label, 26-week trial, compared switching to iGlarLixi versus continuing prior GLP-1 RA in patients with type 2 diabetes and HbA1c 7-9% (53-75 mmol/mol) taking maximum tolerated doses of a GLP-1 RA daily (60% on liraglutide once daily or exenatide twice daily) or weekly (40% on dulaglutide, exenatide extended release, or albiglutide) with metformin with or without pioglitazone and with or without sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors. Adherence to randomized treatment was closely monitored throughout the study.iGlarLixi (n = 257) reduced HbA1c more than continued GLP-1 RA therapy (n = 257) from a baseline 7.8% (62 mmol/mol) in both to 6.7% (50 mmol/mol) and 7.4% (57 mmol/mol), respectively, at 26 weeks (least squares mean difference -0.6%; P < 0.0001). More iGlarLixi patients achieved HbA1c <7% (53 mmol/mol) (62% vs. 26%; P < 0.0001) and the composite of HbA1c <7% without documented symptomatic hypoglycemia (<54 mg/dL). Nausea and vomiting rates as well as numbers of documented symptomatic hypoglycemia events per patient-year were generally low but greater with iGlarLixi versus continued GLP-1 RA therapy.Switching to iGlarLixi improves glucose control for patients with type 2 diabetes insufficiently controlled on a maximum tolerated dose of a GLP-1 RA plus oral antihyperglycemic agents.
Sirolimus in De Novo Heart Transplant Recipients Reduces Acute Rejection and Prevents Coronary Artery Disease at 2 Years
Authors: AnneKeogh, MeroulaRichardson, PeterRuygrok, PhillipSpratt, AndrewGalbraith, GerryO’Driscoll, PeterMacdonald, DonEsmore, DavidMuller, SteveFaddy
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— Sirolimus reduces acute rejection in renal transplant recipients and prevents vasculopathy in nonhuman primates and in-stent restenosis in humans. Its effects on rejection and transplant vasculopathy in human heart transplant recipients are unknown. Methods and Results— In a randomized, open-label study, sirolimus was compared with azathioprine in combination with cyclosporine and steroids administered from the time of cardiac transplantation. We report 6-month rejection rates (primary end point), 12-month safety and efficacy data, and 6- and 24-month graft vasculopathy data in 136 cardiac allograft recipients randomly assigned (2:1) to sirolimus (n=92) or azathioprine (n=44). At 6 months, the proportion of patients with grade 3a or greater acute rejection was 32.4% for sirolimus 3 mg/d (P=0.027), 32.8% for sirolimus 5 mg/d (P=0.013), and 56.8% for azathioprine. Patient survival at 12 months was comparable among groups. Intracoronary ultrasound at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 2 years demonstrated hi...
Sex Steroid Hormones and Asthma in a Nationwide Study of U.S. Adults
Authors: Yueh-Ying Han, Erick Forno, Juan C. Celedón
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2019)

Rationale: Women have a higher burden of asthma than men. Although sex hormones may explain sex differences in asthma, their role is unclear.Objectives: To examine sex hormone levels and asthma in adults.Methods: Cross-sectional study of serum levels of free testosterone and estradiol and current asthma in 7,615 adults (3,953 men and 3,662 women) aged 18–79 years who participated in the 2013–2014 and 2015–2016 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Logistic regression was used for the multivariable analysis of sex hormones and current asthma, which was conducted separately in women and men.Measurements and Main Results: Free testosterone levels in the fourth quartile were associated with lower odds of current asthma in women (odds ratio [OR] for the fourth quartile [Q4] vs. Q1, 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39–0.80). Given an interaction between obesity and sex hormones on current asthma, we stratified the analysis by obesity. In this analysis, elevated free testosterone (OR for Q4 vs. Q1, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.37–0.91) and estradiol (OR for Q4 vs. Q1, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.23–0.78) levels were associated with reduced odds of current asthma in obese women, and an elevated serum estradiol was associated with lower odds of current asthma in nonobese men (OR for Q4 vs. Q1, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.21–0.90).Conclusions: Our findings suggest that sex hormones play a role in known sex differences in asthma in adults. Moreover, our results suggest that obesity modifies the effects of sex hormones on asthma in adults.
The double-hit signature identifies double-hit diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with genetic events cryptic to FISH
Authors: Laura K. Hilton, Jeffrey Tang, Susana Ben-Neriah, Miguel Alcaide, Aixiang Jiang, Bruno M. Grande, Christopher K. Rushton, Merrill Boyle, Barbara Meissner, David W. Scott, Ryan D. Morin
Journal: Blood (2019)
Hormone receptor alterations and treatment responses after neoadjuvant therapy in patients with ER+/HER2- breast cancer.
Authors: Shigeto Maeda, Hiroaki Tohyama, Yukiko Tokai, Kazuaki Nakashima, Yukio Kamohara, Yasuhiro Nagata, Masahiro Ito, Hikaru Fujioka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e11605 Background: Hormone therapy is recommended for treating patients with luminal A type early breast cancer by the International Conference in St. Gallen, 2011. However, precisely which neoadjuvant therapeutic strategies are optimal for such patients still remains controversial. We retrospectively evaluated the treatment responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) or neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NAE) in patients with ER (+)/HER2 (-) breast cancer. Methods: Four hundred and sixty-one patients with primary breast cancer underwent surgery between November 2007 and October 2012. Of 243 patients with hormone receptor (+)/HER2 (-) breast cancer, 63 with ER (+)/HER2 (-) breast cancer were preoperatively treated with either NAC (n=47, median age: 49 years) or NAE (n=16, median age: 63 years). Four cycles (c) of FEC 100 (epirubicin 100 mg/m 2 + 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m 2 ) followed by 4 cycles of Docetaxel (75 mg/m 2 ) every 3 weeks were administered for the NAC treatment regimen, while Letrozole was administered for 6 months for the menopausal patients in the NAE treatment protocol. Results: NAC did not alter the ER status, while the ER status was decreased by NAE (from 83% to 62%). NAE altered the ER status (positive rate; from 83 % to 62 %), but NAC did not. The PR status was decreased by both NAC and NAE (from 51% to 30% and from 63% to 9%, respectively). ER (P=0.0327) and PR (P=0.0019) were statistically decreased after NAE compared to that observed after NAC. The response rates determined by RECIST {PD/SD/PR/CR (%)} in the NAC- and NAE-treated patients were 2/34/58/6 and 0/50/50/0, respectively. The rate of tumor shrinkage was 41% (3.9 to 2.3 cm) after NAC and 39% (2.3 to 1.4 cm) after NAE. The pathological complete response rate was 9% after NAC and 6% after NAE. The recurrence rate in the stage I/II patients was 5% (2/38) after NAC and 0% (0/16) after NAE for short-term outcomes. Conclusions: The hormone status significantly changed after NAE compared to that observed after NAC. Both of the NAC and NAE treatment protocols caused a decrease in the tumor size. As a result, both of these therapeutic modalities were found to improve the rate of breast-conserving surgery.
The deacetylase sirtuin 6 protects against kidney fibrosis by epigenetically blocking β-catenin target gene expression
Authors: Juan Cai, Zhiwen Liu, Xian Huang, Shaoqun Shu, Xiaoru Hu, Meiling Zheng, Chengyuan Tang, Yu Liu, Guochun Chen, Lin Sun, Hong Liu, Fuyou Liu, Jinke Cheng, Zheng Dong
Journal: Kidney International (2019)
Analyses of 81 Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) for EZH2, TET2, ASXL1, CBL, KRAS, NRAS, RUNX1, IDH1, IDH2, and NPM1 Revealed Mutations In 86.4% of All Patients with TET2 and EZH2 Being of High Prognostic Relevance
Authors: Vera Grossmann, Alexander Kohlmann, Christiane Eder, Nicholas C.P. Cross, Claudia Haferlach, Wolfgang Kern, Torsten Haferlach, Susanne Schnittger
Journal: Blood (2010)
The Advancing American Kidney Health Executive Order
Authors: Elizabeth Thomas, Jennifer Milton, Francisco G. Cigarroa
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pulmonary rehabilitation adapted index of self-efficacy (PRAISE) validated to Portuguese respiratory patients
Authors: Catarina Duarte Santos, Ana João Santos, Margarida Santos, Fátima Rodrigues, Cristina Bárbara
Journal: Pulmonology (2019)

Recent updates on Pulmonary Rehabilitation highlight the importance of patients' self-efficacy on long-term adherence to health-enhancing behaviors. The Pulmonary Rehabilitation Adapted Index of Self-Efficacy (PRAISE) is an adaptation of the General Self-Efficacy Scale. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt and evaluate reliability and validity of PRAISE in Portuguese respiratory patients.Forward-backward translation and pilot testing were performed. Content validity was assessed by a multidisciplinary panel of expert judges. To evaluate reliability and validity, 150 respiratory outpatients on Pulmonary Rehabilitation participated in a cross-sectional study. Descriptive and reliability analyses, and exploratory factorial analysis using principal axis factoring, followed by oblique oblimin factor rotation were conducted to identify construct validity. IBM® SPSS® version 22 was used to perform statistical analysis.150 patients with a mean age of 67 years, 54% male and 83% currently on Pulmonary Rehabilitation participated in the study. These included mainly Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients (46.7%) but also Bronchiectasis (20%), Interstitial Lung Disease (20%) and other respiratory diseases. PRAISE mean score was 49. Exploratory factor analysis extraction provided a 4-factor solution that cumulatively explained 52.3% of total variance (F1: 26.6%; F2: 9.7%; F3: 8.7%; F4: 7.3%). Portuguese PRAISE showed a reliability of 0.78 (Chronbach alpha).The Portuguese version of PRAISE showed adequate psychometric properties for it to be used as an instrument to measure self-efficacy as a patient-centered outcome on Pulmonary Rehabilitation.
Evaluation of anti-lodging plant growth regulators on the growth and development of rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: Puran Bridgemohan, Ronell S. H. Bridgemohan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

Lodging is characterized by the reduction in plant canopy and the bending or fall over of mature plants with panicles on the soil or water resulting in yield and quality decline. It may be induced by variations in crop nutrition, water management, susceptible tall varieties and windy conditions. In all cases the plant stem base is unusually weak with a reduced diameter. This study evaluated the use of  2 plant growth regulators as Paclobutrazol (PP333) [(2RS, 3RS)-l-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-l,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pentan-3-ol], and Trinexapac-ethyl (cyclohexane carboxylate) which are synthetic  plant growth regulators that showed  reliable stem shortening and a reduction in lodging on two varieties of rice (Oryzica 2 and 3) at varying rates and time of applications.  The studies were conducted in commercial fields over several growing seasons. The results indicate that Trinexapac-ethyl reduced plant height and the incidence of lodging in var Oryzica 3, and similarly improved yield over the control by 1.17 t.ha-1. 

	 

	Key words: Trinexapac-ethyl, paclobutrazol, lodging, cytokinin, gibberellins.
Dense Genotyping of Immune-Related Loci in the Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies Confirms HLA alleles as strongest genetic risk factor and suggests different genetic background for major clinical subgroups. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases.
Authors: S Rothwell, RG Cooper, IE Lundberg, FW Miller, PK Gregersen, J Bowes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)
Kinin system and α-2-macroglobulin of liquor in treatment of gliomas by local chemotherapy.
Authors: Larisa Kozlova, Yelena Frantsiyants, Tatiana Gorbunova
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e13042 Background: Local administration of cytostatic into the bed of removed tumor during operation will require a smaller quantity of the drug, which will reduce its toxicity and ensure entire use of cytostatic according to its purpose, without any essential impact on other organs. It is relevant to study the kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) and α-2-macroglobulin (α-2M) of liquor after intraoperation local chemotherapy (ILCT) of gliomas in dynamics. Methods: Liquor of 40 patients (26 men and 14 women, 39-60 years old, T 2 - 3 N õ M o ) who received ILCT was studied. ILCT consisted in 0,2 mg carboplatin being placed in a container of hemostatic sponge, with hemostasis performed next, and the former put into the bed of the tumor removed. The results were compared to the check liquor (CL) of 8 patients, for whom malign and inflammatory processes in brain has been ruled out and whose age and sex characteristics are comparable to the oncological patients. Results: Before the treatment (the background), kallikrein (K) and prekallikrein (PK) content was higher than that in CL in 38.3 and 2.6 times, respectively. The activity of kininase 1 (K1) was 0.989±0,1 mcM/ml (it was not found in the CL). The activity of α-2M is increased 9 times as compared to the CL. On day 1 after ILCT, PK/K increased in 4.4 times, K/K1 and K/α-2M went down by 1.6 and 1.5 times. On day 7, PK/K decreased in 1.7 times, K/α-2M – in 2 times, while K/K1 remained at the same level. On day 14, the proportion of PK/K was maintained, and K/K1 and K/α-2M increased in 3.4 and 2.5 times. After 1.5 months, PK/K did not change, while K/K1 and K/α-2M reduced by 1.9 times each. The results demonstrate high reactivity of liquor against ILCT and activation of restorative processes within days 1-7 after treatment. The imbalance observed on day 14 was improved in 1.5 months after ILCT. Conclusions: ILCT fosters execution of protective function of proteins under study within not less than 1.5 months after treatment. Studying the KKS and α-2M in liquor has prospects for controlling the therapy administered.
Abstract 12197: China PEACE Risk Tool for Acute Myocardial Infarction: An Early Risk Classification Tree for Decisions About Fibrinolytic Therapy
Authors: Xi Li, Jing Li, Frederick Masoudi, John Spertus, Zhenqiu Lin, Harlan Krumholz, Lixin Jiang
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Timely fibrinolytic therapy is recommended to reduce short-term mortality for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the absolute treatment benefit is related to baseline mortality risk, and may be offset by the risks of major bleeding for low-risk patients. We constructed a baseline risk-assessment tool in eligible but untreated patients, to estimate the absolute benefits from fibrinolytic treatment. Methods: The China PEACE study includes a nationally representative sample of patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in 162 Chinese hospitals. Comprehensive clinical information was centrally abstracted from medical records using standardized data definitions. We identified 3741 patients with STEMI who were fibrinolytic-eligible, but did not receive reperfusion therapy, and separated the cohort randomly into derivation and validation cohorts. We employed classification and regression tree methods to produce a simple algorithm to estimate the risk of in-hospital mortality. Results: The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 14.7%. In both derivation and validation cohorts, the combination of systolic blood pressure (≥ 100 mm Hg), age (&lt; 60 years old), and male gender identified one fifth of the patients with an average mortality risk less than 3.0%; half of this group with a non-anterior AMI had an average in-hospital mortality risk of 1.5%. The classification tree performed consistently across study years, and in hospitals with or without PCI capability. Conclusions: Nearly one in five fibrinolytic-eligible patients with STEMI have an low estimated risk of death, with an absolute benefit of fibrinolytic therapy could be insufficient to justify the risks of major bleeding. The tool with three simple factors, easily available at hospital presentation, can identify these individuals and support decision-making about the use of fibrinolytic therapy.
A cell based vaccine strategy that enhances dendritic cell activation, migration and antigen uptake
Authors: Xiaoyan Zhu, Michal Miller, Kensuke Ohashi, Arthur M. Krieg, Anthony D. Sandler
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

684  Dendritic cells (DC) are potent antigen presenting cells capable of inducing a primary T-cell response. In the context of antigen presentation, GM-CSF and immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides synergistically enhance a tumor antigen-specific immune response. We have previously shown that our whole tumor cell vaccine strategy based on irradiated (20Gy) GM-CSF-secreting B16 cells admixed with CpG 1826 (200ug) significantly inhibited tumor growth and resulted in complete cure in 40% of mice. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of this strategy on DC activation, migration and Ag uptake. Control (un-vaccinated) mice were compared to mice receiving irradiated cells with GM-CSF alone or with CpG alone or with a combination of GM-CSF plus CpG. The vital dye CFSE was used to track intra-peritoneal DC in vivo. Briefly, 150ul of CFSE (5mM) was administered with vaccine (Irradiated GM-CSF-secreting B16 cells plus CpG) or alone. Eighteen hours later, splenocytes were harvested, stained with CD11c-PE and analyzed by flow cytometry. GM-CSF plus CpG synergistically enhanced splenic DC expression of activation markers including MHCII, CD86, CD40 and CD54. DC migration from the vaccination site (peritoneal cavity) to the spleen was enhanced 7 fold by GM-CSF and CpG. Furthermore, by double staining B16 tumor cells with CFSE (cytoplasm) and DiD (cell membrane) we found that CD11c+ DC’s engulfed both components of the irradiated cells and effectively transported them to the spleen. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR revealed that splenic DCs from mice receiving both GM-CSF and CpG expressed the highest levels of TLR9, IL-12, IL-6, and IFN-γ. These findings suggest that our in vivo vaccine strategy targets DCs for activation, migration and antigen uptake. GM-CSF and CpG synergistically enhance the favorable environment for T-cell activation induced by expression of co-stimulatory molecules and cytokines.
the Effect of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent on the Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia and Tumor Growth in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Lee Chun Park, Ho Sup Lee, Da Jung Kim, Jee-yeong Jeong, Jae-Cheol Jo, Won-Sik Lee, Ho-Jin Shin, Sung Yong Oh, Young Rok Do
Journal: Blood (2017)
Association of Mild Echocardiographic Pulmonary Hypertension With Mortality and Right Ventricular Function
Authors: Jessica H. Huston, Bradley A. Maron, John French, Shi Huang, Timothy Thayer, Eric H. Farber-Eger, Quinn S. Wells, Gaurav Choudhary, Anna R. Hemnes, Evan L. Brittain
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2019)

Current guidelines recommend evaluation for echocardiographically estimated right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) greater than 40 mm Hg; however, this threshold does not capture all patients at risk. To determine if mild echocardiographic pulmonary hypertension (ePH) is associated with reduced right ventricular (RV) function and increased risk of mortality. In this cohort study, electronic health record data of patients who were referred for echocardiography at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, from March 1997 to February 2014 and had recorded estimates of RVSP values were studied. Data were analyzed from February 2017 to May 2019. Mild ePH was defined as an RVSP value of 33 to 39 mm Hg. Right ventricular function was assessed using tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and RV-pulmonary arterial coupling was measured using the ratio of TAPSE to RVSP. Associations of mild ePH with mortality adjusted for relevant covariates were examined using Cox proportional hazard models with restricted cubic splines. Of the 47 784 included patients, 26 758 of 47 771 (56.0%) were female and 6040 of 44 763 (13.5%) were black, and the mean (SD) age was 59 (18) years. Patients with mild ePH had worse RV function compared with those with no ePH (mean [SD] TAPSE, 2.0 [0.6] cm vs 2.2 [0.5] cm; P < .001) and nearly double the prevalence of RV dysfunction (32.6% [92 of 282] vs 16.7% [170 of 1015]; P < .001). Compared with patients with RVSP less than 33 mm Hg, those with mild ePH also had reduced RV-pulmonary arterial coupling (mean [SD] ratio of TAPSE to RVSP, 0.55 [0.18] mm/mm Hg vs 0.93 [0.39] mm/mm Hg; P < .001). An increase in adjusted mortality began at an RVSP value of 27 mm Hg (hazard ratio, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02-1.70). Female sex was associated with increased mortality risk at any given RVSP value. Mild ePH was associated with RV dysfunction and worse RV-pulmonary arterial coupling in a clinical population seeking care. Future studies are needed to identify patients with mild ePH who are susceptible to adverse outcomes.
Prognostic Significance of Interim 11c-Methionine PET for the Treatment of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL)
Authors: Seo-Yeon Ahn, Seong Young Kwon, Young Rok Do, Sung-Hoon Jung, Jae-Sook Ahn, Yeo-Kyeoung Kim, Je-Jung Lee, Hyeoung-Joon Kim, Su Woong Yoo, Jung-Joon Min, Deok-Hwan Yang
Journal: Blood (2017)