tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of Canada’s Provincial Bans on Electronic Cigarette Sales to Minors With Electronic Cigarette Use Among Youths
Authors: Hai V. Nguyen
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> Banning electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) sales to minors has been a key policy to protect children from e-cigarettes in the United States and Canada, but to date little is known about the outcome of such a ban. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the association of banning e-cigarette sales to minors in Canada with e-cigarette use among youths and the mechanisms through which a ban might be associated with their e-cigarette use. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This quasi-experimental difference-in-differences and triple-differences study used data from the nationally representative Canadian Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey (2013-2017) and Canadian Student Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey (2014-2017). Study samples consisted of respondents aged 15 to 18 years (in difference-in-differences analysis; n = 8212) and aged 15 to 25 years (in triple-differences analysis; n = 20 934) in the Canadian Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey, and students in grades 6 to 12 (in difference-in-differences analysis; n = 78 650) in the Canadian Student Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey. <h3>Interventions</h3> Canada's provincial bans on e-cigarette sales to youths younger than 18 or 19 years (depending on province) implemented between 2015 and 2017. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The primary outcome was past 30-day e-cigarette use among youths. Secondary outcomes were difficulty of access to e-cigarettes, perception of e-cigarette harm, and use of social sources of e-cigarettes. <h3>Results</h3> After the bans, e-cigarette use among youths increased in all provinces, but the increase was 3.1 percentage points (95% CI, 0.2-6.0;<i>P</i> = .04), or 79%, lower in provinces with a ban than in provinces without a ban. Youths in provinces with a ban were 2.6 percentage points (95% CI, 1.5-3.7;<i>P</i> = .001), or 18%, less likely to believe that regular e-cigarette use poses no harm and 6.2 percentage points (95% CI, 1.1-11.4;<i>P</i> = .02), or 16%, more likely to self-report greater difficulty in obtaining e-cigarettes. Among youths who reported using e-cigarettes, the likelihood of obtaining e-cigarettes from social sources was 17.3 percentage points (95% CI, 5.2 -29.4;<i>P</i> = .01), or 29%, higher in provinces with a ban. These findings were robust to several sensitivity analyses. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Banning e-cigarette sales to minors was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of increase in e-cigarette use by youths, but this policy alone could not reverse the overall increase in e-cigarette use. The findings from this study suggest that this policy should be supplemented with other measures that can reduce young people's desire to obtain e-cigarettes through social sources, such as a ban on e-cigarettes with flavors that appeal to youths and children.
Myc and Bet Proteins Orchestrate the Early Regulatory Genome Changes Required for Osteoclast Lineage Commitment
Authors: Valentina S Caputo, Nikolaos Trasanidis, Xiaolin Xiao, Mark E Robinson, Alexia Katsarou, Kanagaraju Ponnusamy, Aristeidis Chaidos, Holger W Auner, Irene Roberts, Anastasios Karadimitris
Journal: Blood (2019)
Molecular Profiling of Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma - Results from a Phase 1/2 Preben Study
Authors: Suvi-Katri Leivonen, Judit Jørgensen, Thomas Stauffer Larsen, Annika Pasanen, Marja-Liisa Karjalainen-Lindsberg, Helle M Toldbod, Francesco d'Amore, Sirpa Leppa
Journal: Blood (2019)
Antinociceptive grayanane-derived diterpenoids from flowers of Rhododendron molle
Authors: Yong Li, Yuxun Zhu, Zhaoxin Zhang, Li Li, Yunbao Liu, Jing Qu, Shuanggang Ma, Shishan Yu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2019)

Twelve new grayanoids (1−12) along with five known compounds were isolated from flowers of Rhododendron molle. Their structures were fully characterized using a combination of spectroscopic analyses, computational calculations, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Rhomollone A (1) possesses an unprecedented 5/6/6/5 tetra-cyclic ring system (B-nor grayanane) incorporating a cyclopentene-1,3-dione scaffold. Rhodomollein XLIII (2) is a dimeric grayanoid, containing a novel 14-membered heterocyclic ring with a C2 symmetry axis. The antinociceptive activities of compounds 3, 4, 6, 7, and 12−17 were evaluated by an acetic acid-induced writhing test. Among them, compounds 3, 7, 12, 15 and 16 displayed significant antinociceptive activities at a dose of 20 mg/kg with inhibition rates ranging from 41.9% to 91.6%. Compounds 6 and 13 inhibited 46.0% and 39.4% of the acetic acid-induced writhes at a dose of 2 mg/kg, while compound 17 inhibited 34.3% of the writhes at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg.
Acute urethral syndrome in women
Authors: E. Glen
Journal: BMJ (1981)

3with pacemakers has been designed to permit continuous monitoring of the reliability of the devices and to facilitate national surveys.A special organisation called Stimarec has been formed in France and operates in many European countries, including the United Kingdom, for monitoring early malfunction of pacemakers.A new journal, Pace,7 appeared in January 1978 claiming that its existence represented a watershed in the discipline and arguing that no journal of general interest could do justice to a highly technical subject which had grown so rapidly.Certainly data on the worldwide experience of and initiatives in pacing need to be readily available to practitioners so that they can keep in touch with developments in a discipline in which change is unusually rapid.
Utilization of Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Older Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Justin King, Mark A. Fiala, Scott R. Goldsmith, Keith E. Stockerl-Goldstein, Mark A. Schroeder, Armin Ghobadi, Ravi Vij, Tanya M. Wildes
Journal: Blood (2019)
SURG-07. STEREOTACTIC LASER ABLATION AS A THERAPEUTIC OPTION FOR RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA: A LARGE SINGLE INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: Lee Hwang, Gene Barnett, Alireza Mohammadi
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract INTRODUCTION The prognosis of patients diagnosed with recurrent glioblastoma remains dismal, and therapeutic options are limited. The median survival is only 3 to 5 months. Stereotactic laser ablation is a minimally invasive neurosurgical technique used as an ablative treatment. We report outcomes of a large single institutional patient database of recurrent glioblastoma treated with laser ablation. METHODS Patients with recurrent glioblastoma, previously treated with biopsy or surgical resection plus standard radiation/temozolomide (and any other additional therapies), who underwent laser ablation with the NeuroBlate system at The Cleveland Clinic were retrospectively reviewed from 2011 through 2017. Primary endpoints were progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Between 2011 and 2017, 31 patients with recurrent glioblastoma were treated with laser ablation out of more than 250 laser ablation cases for brain tumors. This population included 17 males and 14 females. Age at the time of diagnosis ranged from 27 to 77. 84% underwent surgical resection as the initial treatment. 65% were treated with laser ablation after the first recurrence of previously treated glioblastoma. The average number of postoperative hospital days was 2.8, and most patients went home. 54% remained neurologically stable without new postoperative deficits, and 52% had no reported change in Karnofsky Performance Scale from before to after laser ablation. Median PFS was 5 months, and median OS was 13 months. CONCLUSIONS Laser ablation has been used to treat various intracranial lesions at The Cleveland Clinic, particularly recurrent glioblastoma. This treatment modality can be utilized at any point of recurrence in patients with appropriate clinical and radiographic characteristics. In addition, the minimally invasive nature and relatively short hospital stay in comparison to surgical tumor resection make laser ablation favorable. Laser ablation is becoming a valuable tool in a multidisciplinary approach to treat recurrent glioblastoma.
Final Results from the Multicenter, Open-Label, Phase II GIBB Study of Obinutuzumab+Bendamustine in Previously Untreated Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Jeff P. Sharman, John M Burke, Habte A Yimer, Michael A. Boxer, Sunil Babu, Jia Li, Yong Mun, Alexey Danilov
Journal: Blood (2019)
Outcomes in Patients with Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia (t-AML) Who Achieved Remission with CPX-351 Versus 7+3: Phase 3 Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Jeffrey E. Lancet, David A. Rizzieri, Gary J. Schiller, Scott R. Solomon, Laura F. Newell, Harry P. Erba, Robert J. Ryan, Stefan Faderl, Jorge E. Cortes
Journal: Blood (2019)
A Multicenter Phase I Study Combining Venetoclax with Mini-Hyper-CVD in Older Adults with Untreated and Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Nitin Jain, Kristen E. Stevenson, Eric S. Winer, Jacqueline S Garcia, Richard M. Stone, Elias Jabbour, Farhad Ravandi, Jeremy M. Stewart, Dean R Legg, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Donna S Neuberg, Anthony G. Letai, Marina Y Konopleva, Daniel J. DeAngelo
Journal: Blood (2019)
Quality of Life in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis after Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Juan Carlos Olivares-Gazca, Iván Murrieta-Álvarez, Jesús Mauricio Olivares-Gazca, Yarely Itzayana García-Navarrete, Yahveth Cantero-Fortiz, Andrés A. León-Peña, Guillermo J. Ruiz-Delgado, Guillermo J. Ruiz-Arguelles
Journal: Blood (2019)
Evaluation of the in Vitro Procoagulant Effect of Factor IX Concentrates in Patients on Prophylaxis with Emicizumab
Authors: Ihosvany Fernandez-Bello, María Teresa Alvarez Román, Mónica Martín, María Isabel Rivas Pollmar, Sara García Barcenilla, Carmen García Martínez, Tamara Cebanu, Paula Acuña, Raul Justo Sanz, Elena Monzón Manzano, Miguel A Canales, Nora Butta, Victor Jimenez-Yuste
Journal: Blood (2019)
QOLP-17. FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS IN CAREGIVERS OF PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT GLIOMAS
Authors: Sophia Landay, Maya Anand, Nora Horick, Jamie Jacobs, Kit Quain, Jennifer Temel, Deborah Forst
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Caregivers of patients with newly diagnosed malignant gliomas experience high rates of psychological distress. However, the factors associated with distress in this population have not been well described. We sought to evaluate patient-related, caregiver-related and tumor-related factors associated with depression and anxiety in this caregiver population. METHODS We conducted a prospective study in patients with newly diagnosed malignant gliomas and their caregivers, collecting self-report data within 6 weeks of diagnosis. Patients’ and caregivers’ depression and anxiety were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, with subscale scores &gt;7 considered clinically significant. Information about the tumor location and molecular features was extracted from the medical record. We used univariate and multivariate linear models to evaluate the association between caregiver anxiety and depression at baseline and specific caregiver-, patient- and tumor-related factors. RESULTS We enrolled 61 patient-caregiver dyads in this study. 26.2% (16/61) of caregivers had significant depression symptoms, and 47.5% (29/61) had significant anxiety. In the multivariable analysis, factors associated with higher caregiver depression score included younger caregiver age (&lt; 65 years old; B=4.24, p=0.0002), left-sided tumor location (B=1.98, p=0.030), IDH wild-type tumor status (B=3.44, p=0.0008) and patient anxiety (B=2.28, p=0.017). Factors associated with higher caregiver anxiety were younger caregiver age (B=2.47, p=0.089) and left-sided tumor location (B=4.23, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS Younger caregiver age and caring for a patient with a tumor on the left side of the brain were associated with worse caregiver depression and anxiety. Higher caregiver depression was correlated with caregivers whose loved one had significant anxiety or had an IDH wild-type tumor. Understanding the factors associated with caregiver anxiety and depression may guide neuro-oncology clinicians in identifying caregivers who may be at an increased risk for psychological distress at the time of their loved one’s diagnosis, allowing for earlier initiation of support services for these caregivers.
Daratumumab Plus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (D-Rd) Versus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (Rd) in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (NDMM) Ineligible for Transplant: Updated Analysis of Maia
Authors: Nizar Bahlis, Thierry Facon, Saad Z. Usmani, Shaji K. Kumar, Torben Plesner, Robert Z. Orlowski, Cyrille Touzeau, Supratik Basu, Hareth Nahi, Cyrille Hulin, Hang Quach, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Michael E O'Dwyer, Christopher P Venner, Katja C. Weisel, Maria Krevvata, Huiling Pei, Jianping Wang, Rian Van Rampelbergh, Jon Ukropec, Clarissa M. Uhlar, Rachel Kobos, Aurore Perrot
Journal: Blood (2019)
The Use of Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) during Severe Neurotoxicity Among the Recipients of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell (CAR-T) Therapy
Authors: Sepideh Mokhtari, Justin M Asquith, Christina A Bachmeier, Michael D. Jain, Peter Forsyth, Frederick L. Locke, Youngchul Kim, Aleksandr Lazaryan
Journal: Blood (2019)
Comment on: Gruden et al. Severe Hypoglycemia and Cardiovascular Disease Incidence in Type 1 Diabetes: The EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study. Diabetes Care 2012;35:1598–1604
Authors: Marga Giménez, Ignacio Conget
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

We have read with a lot of interest the article recently published in Diabetes Care by Gruden et al. (1) suggesting that severe hypoglycemic episodes in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) do not increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). As the authors mentioned in the article (citing one of our previous papers published in Diabetes Care ), a deleterious role of hypoglycemia in not only inflammatory and endothelial markers but also in preclinical atherosclerosis has been reported consistently (2,3). In addition to this, although with substantial limitations related to the intrinsic design of the study, …
SURG-23. INTRAPARENCHYMAL MUCOSA-ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID TISSUE (MALT) LYMPHOMA: A NOVEL DISEASE PRESENTATION
Authors: Mostafa Fatehi, Charles Haw
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract INTRODUCTION Low grade B-cell lymphomas arising from the marginal zone of secondary lymphatic follicles constitute less than 10% of lymphomas. This condition was initially described in the stomach and the nasopharynx. However, there have been several reports of isolated dural-based intracranial lesions. METHODS A review of the literature using the EMBASE and MEDLINE databases yielded 12 previous cases of dural MALT lymphomas but none that were entirely intra-parenchymal. RESULTS Here, we present the case of a 67 year male who was found to have a convexity meningioma; and another, intra-parenchymal, lesion with radiologic features consistent with a low grade glial tumor. Upon resection of both lesions, the intra-axial tumor was found to be a mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. He has subsequently been referred for initiation of needing adjuvant therapies. CONCLUSIONS In addition to posing challenges for radiologic diagnosis, this case presents questions regarding the oncologic management of MALT lesions in the brain.
Normalization of Serum B-Cell Maturation Antigen Levels from Treatment Predicts Progression Free and Overall Survival in Multiple Myeloma Patients
Authors: Scott Kristian Jew, Tiffany Chang, Sean Elliott Bujarski, Camilia Soof, Haiming Chen, Tahmineh Safaie, Mingjie Li, Eric Sanchez, Cathy S. Wang, Marsiye Emamy-Sadr, Regina Swift, Ashkon Rahbari, Saurabh Patil, Eric Souther, James R. Berenson
Journal: Blood (2019)
QOLP-12. EVALUATION OF THE UCLA NEURO-ONCOLOGY PROGRAM PSYCHOSOCIAL PATIENT SCREENING FORM IN IDENTIFYING DEPRESSION, FATIGUE, AND PERCEIVED COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH GLIOMAS
Authors: Justin Choi, Kathleen Van Dyk, Brandon F Heimberg, Timothy Cloughesy, Albert Lai, Nanette Fong, Lauren Michelson, Erika Vargas, P Leia Nghiemphu
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract Given the high prevalence of neurobehavioral symptoms such as depression, fatigue, and cognitive dysfunction in patients with gliomas, it is critical to regularly screen for these symptoms at each oncology visit. The current study evaluated the validity of the UCLA Neuro-Oncology Program Psychosocial Patient Screening Form (PPSF) to measure depression, fatigue, and cognitive complaints in a sample of 22 patients enrolled in a study observing neurocognitive and psychosocial change in long-term survivors. Patients were asked to complete the PPSF at regular clinical visits, and this data was retrospectively reviewed. The PPSF consisted of the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and options to endorse experiencing more fatigue, as well as significant memory, speech, attention, or thinking difficulties. At the most recent visit, patients also completed a validated psychosocial assessment that included the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory-Short Form (MFSI-SF), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive Function (FACT-Cog). Endorsement of recent depressive symptoms, increased fatigue, and elevated cognitive difficulties on the PPSF at the most recent visit were found to be significantly correlated with abnormal mean scores on the BDI-II (M= 22.5, SD= 11.24, t= -3.47, p= 0.003), MFSI-SF (M= 26.08, SD= 15.51, t= -2.34, p= 0.029), and perceived cognitive abilities subscale of the FACT-Cog (M= 5, SD= 2, t= 4.642, p= 0.00), respectively. Abnormal scores on the MFSI-SF and FACT-Cog were also significantly correlated with endorsement of fatigue and cognitive complaints at any previous visit. Although other measures of screening for depression, fatigue, and cognitive complaints exist, the PPSF is effective in providing immediate, clinically significant information to the clinician for comprehensive patient care. The PPSF should be utilized to capture and address psychosocial changes and facilitate a deeper understanding of the effects of treatment on glioma patients.
PATH-19. TUMOR HETEROGENEITY IN GLIOMAS: A PILOT STUDY OF HISTOPATHOLOGY-ASSOCIATED PROTEOME PROFILES ASSESSED BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY OF FFPE SAMPLES
Authors: Aline Paixao Becker, Erica Hlavin Bell, S Jaharul Haque, Joseph McElroy, Jessica Fleming, Chunhua Han, Illinca Popp, Marco Prinz, Ori Staszewski, Anca Grosu, Arnab Chakravarti
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract Herein, we aimed to scrutinize tumor heterogeneity of infiltrative gliomas based on histopathological phenotypes, through proteomic profiling of formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue. FFPE tissues are promising samples for proteomic studies, which can support the elucidation of glioma evolution and identify therapeutically vulnerable proteins and signaling pathways that drive recurrence and resistance mechanisms. We represented 2–3 adjacent, phenotypically distinct areas from 12 grade II-IV gliomas diagnosed according to the 2016 WHO classification, in a total of 35 samples (1.0mm cores), that were analyzed employing liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for label-free expression proteomics. The statistical analysis was performed using R and Qlucore™ omics explorer software. Overall, 9222 peptides were mapped to 1758 non-redundant proteins, 320 of which had a significant (p&lt; 0.05) differential expression in glioblastomas versus lower grade gliomas (Wilcoxon test comparing average expression). Principal component analysis (PCA) of the whole set of proteins showed clustering of the samples by tumor grade and IDH status. Unsupervised hierarchical analysis of the most significantly expressed proteins (p= 0.01, FDR= 0.05) showed that IDHwt gliomas had high expression of proteins related to cell movement, DNA structure, and fatty acid metabolism throughout the samples. IDHmut gliomas largely displayed high expression of mitochondrial enzymes related to energy production and neurotransmitter metabolism, with subsets closely related to 1p19q status and histological grade. Importantly, we demonstrated that LC-MS/MS analysis of FFPE core samples is feasible and enables recognition of different proteome signatures across histopathological phenotypes within a single tumor. This is the first study, to our knowledge, exploring proteome profiles addressing histopathological heterogeneity in gliomas by LC-MS/MS analysis of FFPE samples, which warrants further validation in independent datasets including ones that utilize frozen specimens. FUNDING: R01CA108633, R01CA169368, RC2CA148190, U10CA180850-01 (NCI), Brain Tumor Funders Collaborative Grant, and the Ohio State University CCC (all to AC).
NIMG-69. RAPID INTRAOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS OF GLIOMA RECURRENCE USING STIMULATED RAMAN HISTOLOGY AND DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Todd Hollon, Esteban Urias, Arjun Adapa, Neil Jairath, Akshay Save, Peter D Canoll, Honglak Lee, Christian Freudiger, Daniel Orringer
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract Accurate intraoperative diagnosis of recurrence versus treatment effect (TE) is essential for determining the management of suspected recurrent gliomas. Cytologic and histoarchitectural changes related to chemoradiation overlap with common findings in recurrent tumors (e.g. atypia, abnormal vasculature, necrosis). Moreover, H&amp;E tissue processing artifact complicates interpretation. Stimulated Raman histology (SRH) uses the intrinsic biochemical properties of fresh, unprocessed surgical specimens to provide rapid label-free digital histologic images. Here, we report an automated technique using deep convolutional neural networks (ConvNet) that differentiates recurrent glioma and TE in fresh surgical specimens imaged using SRH with equivalent accuracy and 10x faster (tissue-to-diagnosis, 2 minutes) than conventional methods. Our ConvNet, based on Google’s Inception-ResNet-v2 architecture, was first trained on 3.6 million SRH images from 441 patients with the most common brain tumor subtypes. To optimize the network for classifying glioma recurrence, we used cross-validation (CV) on 35 patients (24 recurrent, 9 TE) for model hyperparameter tuning and to identify an optimal probability threshold to classify recurrence. To perform rigorous model validation, we used a 50 patient external testing set to evaluate overall model accuracy. Over 5 iterations of CV, the mean held-out classification accuracy was 94.8% (range, 91.4 - 97.1%). Using ROC analysis, we found that a probability of recurrence greater than 25% was the optimal threshold to render a recurrence diagnosis for whole-slide SRH images. Using our external testing set, we achieved a classification accuracy of 96% (total 48/50; 30/30 recurrences, 18/20 TE). Moreover, our method effectively identifies regions of glioma recurrence in whole slide SRH at no additional computational cost. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of applying deep learning for intraoperative diagnosis of recurrent gliomas in SRH imaged tissues. In the future, ConvNets may ultimately be used to guide decision-making in the surgical care of recurrent gliomas, independent of conventional neuropathology resources.