tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract B02: Efficacy of EPA-enriched supplement compared with standard formula on body weight changes in malnourished head and neck cancer patients undergoing surgery: A randomized study
Authors: Kitti Jantharapattana, Orachat Orapipatpong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Background: Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) containing nutritional supplement can reverse weight loss and increase lean body mass in a perioperative period of head and neck cancer patients. There is no randomized study to clinically compare an EPA-enriched supplement over a conventional supplement in head and neck cancer patients. Thus the aim of this study was to compare an EPA-enriched supplement with a conventional supplement in malnourished head and neck cancer patients following surgery. The primary outcome of this study was defined as perioperative weight changes, with postoperative complications a secondary outcome. Methods: The patients were stratified into 4 groups based on the extent of their surgery: primary tumor resection or neck dissection, primary tumor resection and neck dissection, primary tumor resection and flap reconstruction, and primary tumor resection and neck dissection and flap reconstruction. Pretreatment randomization was conducted in each stratified group for the selection of nutritional supplement, whether EPA-enriched or standard formula. The supplements were prescribed 7 days preoperative through 14 days postoperative. Body weight and composition including serum parameters were measured from 7 days preoperative until 4 months postoperative. The hospitalized courses were recorded. Results: Thirty-one patients in each group consumed EPA-enriched and standard formula supplements. There were no significant body weight or composition changes perioperatively. From 7 days before surgery to 4 months after surgery, mean body weight reduced by 2.95 (SD 4.70) kg and 2.82 (SD 4.78) kg in the EPA-enriched and standard formula groups, respectively. The mean overall patient weight loss was 2.89 kg or 5% throughout the period of study. No significant differences in lean body mass and body composition changes from the beginning to the end of the study were observed between the groups. No significant differences in the hospitalized days and postoperative complications were observed. Conclusions: Body weight changes in malnourished head and neck cancer patients following surgery were not influenced by EPA additives to perioperative nutritional supplements. Citation Format: Kitti Jantharapattana, Orachat Orapipatpong. Efficacy of EPA-enriched supplement compared with standard formula on body weight changes in malnourished head and neck cancer patients undergoing surgery: A randomized study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-AHNS Head and Neck Cancer Conference: Optimizing Survival and Quality of Life through Basic, Clinical, and Translational Research; 2019 Apr 29-30; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(12_Suppl_2):Abstract nr B02.
Clinical characteristics of 17 patients with COVID-19 and systemic autoimmune diseases: a retrospective study
Authors: Yao Huang, Zhe Chen, Yu Wang, Liang Han, Kai Qin, Wenya Huang, Ying Huang, Hui Wang, Pan Shen, Xin Ba, Weiji Lin, Hui Dong, Mingmin Zhang, Shenghao Tu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Objectives Increasing data about COVID-19 have been acquired from the general population. We aim to further evaluate the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases (AIDs). Methods We included all confirmed inpatients with COVID-19 and systemic AIDs in Wuhan Tongji Hospital from 29 January to 8 March 2020. We retrospectively collected and analysed information on epidemiology of 1255 inpatients and additional clinical characteristics of patients with systemic AIDs. Outcomes were followed up until 16 April 2020. Results Of the 1255 patients with COVID-19, the median age was 64.0 years and 53.1% were male. More than half (63.0%) had chronic comorbidities. The proportions of elderly, male and patients with comorbidities were significantly higher in intensive care unit (ICU) than in the general ward (p&lt;0.001). 17 (0.61%) patients with systemic AIDs were further screened and analysed from 2804 inpatients. The median age was 64.0 years and 82.4% were female. All patients were living in Wuhan and two family clusters were found. 1 (5.9%) patient was admitted to ICU and one died. 10 (62.5%) of 16 patients changed or stopped their anti-AIDs treatments during hospitalisation, and 5 of them felt that the disease had worsened after the quarantine. Conclusions Older males with chronic comorbidities are more vulnerable to severe COVID-19. The lower proportion of COVID-19 in patients with systemic AIDs needs more high-quality human clinical trials and in-depth mechanism researches. Of note, the withdrawal of anti-AIDs treatments during hospitalisation can lead to flares of diseases.
AB0288 GLUCOCORTICOID SPARING EFFECT OF THE BIOLOGIC DISEASE MODIFYING ANTI-RHEUMATIC DRUGS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN TUNISIAN REAL LIFE PRACTICE
Authors: R. Fakhfakh, H. Zeglaoui, N. El Amri, S. Hamila, N. Amara, K. Baccouche, E. Bouajina
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Glucocorticoids (GCs) are still widely prescribed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Despite their disease-modifying properties, they are associated with significant adverse effects. The international guidelines recommend the lowest effective dose and the lowest duration of GCs. Previous studies have shown that biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) can have a GC-sparing effect in RA. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the bDMARDs on glucocorticoids use in rheumatoid arthritis Tunisian patients, in real life practice. Methods: RA patients (according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria) who started their first bDMARDs (Tumour necrosis factor(TNF)α inhibitors, Tocilizumab and Rituximab) between January 2016 and august 2019, were recruited from the BINAR« Biologic National Registry», a prospective national Tunisian biologic registry. Oral prednisone intakewascompared at inclusion (M0), at 3 months (M3)and at 6 months(M6) after bDMARDs initiation. Results: 175 patients were included (149 females / 26 males). The mean age was 54.1 years ± 12.6 and the mean disease duration was 6.7 years ± 3.5. The TNFαinhibitors, the Tocilizumab and the Rituximab were prescribed, respectively, in 79.4%, 17.7% and 8.6%. The mean DAS28 index activity was 4.9 ± 1.5 at M0, 4.5 ±1.5 at M3 and 4.2 ± 1.1 at M6 (p=0.78). At inclusion, 150 patients (85.7%) were taking oral prednisone and the mean dose was 8.2 ± 5.4 mg/day. Overall, a significant decrease of oral prednisone use was observed at M3 (78%) and M6 (67.6%). The mean daily dose of oral prednisone was 8.9 ± 4.3mg at M3 (p&gt;0.05) and 8.1 ± 2.7 mg at M6 (P&gt;0.05). At M3 and M6, 4% and 2% of patients (p&gt;0.05) had lowered prednisone doses, respectively. Prednisone discontinuation was observed in 17.7% at M3 and 18.1% at M6. Increased prednisone doses were noted in 2.7% at M3 and 2.6% at M6. The bDMARDs use wasn’t associated with oral prednisone decrease at M3 (TNFi p=0.51; Tocilizumab p=0.54; Rituximab p=0, 77) and at M6 (TNFi p=0.61; Tocilizumab p=0.39; Rituximab p=0,64). Conclusion: This study showed a small glucocorticoids sparing-effect of bDMARDs at 3 months and 6 months in rheumatoid arthritis patients with a decrease of oral prednisone use of 18.1% at 6 months. References: [1]Fortunet c, Pers YP, Lambert J et al. Tocilizumab induces corticosteroid sparing in rheumatoid arthritis patients in clinical practice. Rheumatology 2015;54:672_677 doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keu339 Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Resuscitation in pregnancy
Authors: S. Morris
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Cardiac arrest occurs only about once in every 30 000 late pregnancies, but survival from such an event is exceptional. Most deaths are from acute causes, with many mothers receiving some form of resuscitation. However, the number of indirect deaths–that is, deaths from medical conditions exacerbated by pregnancy–is greater than that of deaths from conditions that arise from pregnancy itself. The use of national guidelines can decrease mortality, as shown by the reduction in the numberof deaths from pulmonary embolus and sepsis after caesarean section. To try to reduce mortality from amniotic fluid embolism, a national database for suspected cases has been established.

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Physiological changes in late pregnancy affecting cardiopulmonary resuscitation



Factors peculiar to pregnancy that weigh the balance against survival include anatomical changes that make it difficult to maintain a clear airway and perform intubation, pathological changes such as laryngeal oedema, physiological factors such as increased oxygen consumption, and an increased likelihood of pulmonary aspiration. In the third trimester the most important factor is compression of the inferior vena cava and impairment of venous return by the gravid uterus when the woman lies supine. These difficulties may be exaggerated by obesity. All staff directly or indirectly concerned with obstetric care need to be trained in resuscitation.

A speedy response is essential. Once respiratory or cardiac arrest has been diagnosed, the patient must be positioned appropriately and basic life support started immediately. This must be continued while venous access is secured, any obvious causal factors are corrected (for example, hypovolaemia), and the necessary equipment, drugs, and staff are assembled.

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Specific difficulties in pregnant patients



### Airway

A clear airway must be quickly established with the head tilt-jaw thrust or head tilt-chin lift manoeuvre and then maintained. Suction should be used to aspirate vomit. Badly fitting dentures and other foreign bodies should be …
In older adults with a history of falls, interventions to reduce use of fall risk–increasing drugs do not reduce falls
Authors: Calvin Hirsch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Hart LA, Phelan EA, Yi JY, Marcum ZA, Gray SL. Use of fall risk-increasing drugs around a fall-related injury in older adults: a systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2020. [Epub ahead of print]. 32064594.
A Comparison of PET-CT to Whole Body Diffusion Weighted MRI in the Diagnosis of Plasma Cell Dyscrasias
Authors: Faith E. Davies, Rohan Samant, Thomas J. Eluvathingal, Leo Rasche, Amy Buros, Kristen Schemel, Edgardo J. Angtuaco, Rudy L. Van Hemert, Manoj Kumar, James E McDonald, James A. Ntambi, Frits van Rhee, Maurizio Zangari, Carolina D. Schinke, Sharmilan Thanendrarajan, Niels Weinhold, Gareth J. Morgan
Journal: Blood (2017)
Conformable polyimide-based μECoGs: Bringing the electrodes closer to the signal source
Authors: Maria Vomero, Maria Francisca Porto Cruz, Elena Zucchini, Francesca Ciarpella, Emanuela Delfino, Stefano Carli, Christian Boehler, Maria Asplund, Davide Ricci, Luciano Fadiga, Thomas Stieglitz
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
S-nitrosothiols loaded mini-sized Au@silica nanorod elicits collagen depletion and mitochondrial damage in solid tumor treatment
Authors: Ping Liu, Yidan Wang, Yang Liu, Fengping Tan, Jining Li, Nan Li
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

To a large extent, the dense extracellular matrix (ECM), which tightly connects tumor cells to arm the tumor into an intractable fortress, significantly decreases the nanoparticles delivery efficacy and overall performance in cancer treatments. Therefore, it is necessary to transform the dense stroma of solid tumors to loose state, which could realize deep penetration of nanomedicine and enhance cancer treatment effects. Here, we fabricated a protein-free collagen nanosweeper, triphenylphosphonium bromide (TPP) coated and S-nitrosothiols loaded mini-sized Au@silica nanorod (Au@SiO
AB0867 INCREASED ADIPONECTIN LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER RADIOGRAPHIC SCORES IN THE KNEE JOINT, BUT NOT IN THE HAND JOINT: THE DONG-GU STUDY
Authors: J. H. Kang, S. E. Choi, H. Xu, D. J. Park, S. S. Lee
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Several studies have evaluated the association between serum adiponectin levels and knee and hand osteoarthritis (OA), with mixed results. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between OA and serum adiponectin levels according to the radiographic features of knee and hand OA. Methods: A total of 2,402 subjects were recruited from the Dong-gu Study. Baseline characteristics were collected via a questionnaire, and X-rays of knee and hand joints were scored by a semi-quantitative grading system. The relationship between serum adiponectin levels and radiographic severity was evaluated by linear regression analysis. Results: Subjects with higher tertiles of serum adiponectin were older and had a lower body mass index than those with lower tertiles. In the knee joint scores, serum adiponectin levels were positively associated with the total score (P&lt;0.001), osteophyte score (P=0.003), and joint space narrowing (JSN) score (P&lt;0.001) among the three tertiles after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, education, and physical activity. In the hand joint scores, no association was found between serum adiponectin levels and the total score, osteophyte score, JSN score, subchondral cyst score, sclerosis score, erosion score, and malalignment score among the three tertiles after adjustment. Conclusion: In this study, we found that increased adiponectin levels were associated with higher radiographic scores in the knee joint, but not in the hand joint, suggesting different pathophysiologic mechanisms in the development of OA. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Improved Risk Prediction Calculator for Sentinel Node Positivity in Patients With Melanoma: The Melanoma Institute Australia Nomogram
Authors: Serigne N. Lo, Jiawen Ma, Richard A. Scolyer, Lauren E. Haydu, Jonathan R. Stretch, Robyn P. M. Saw, Omgo E. Nieweg, Kerwin F. Shannon, Andrew J. Spillane, Sydney Ch’ng, Graham J. Mann, Jeffrey E. Gershenwald, John F. Thompson, Alexander H. R. Varey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

For patients with primary cutaneous melanoma, the risk of sentinel node (SN) metastasis varies according to several clinicopathologic parameters. Patient selection for SN biopsy can be assisted by National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and ASCO/Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) guidelines and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) online nomogram. We sought to develop an improved online risk calculator using alternative clinicopathologic parameters to more accurately predict SN positivity.
Burnout in psychodermatology: results from a European survey
Authors: M.‐A. Gkini, K. Hussain, R. Taylor, A. Bewley
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Burnout is defined as a work-induced syndrome combining emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and a sense of reduced personal accomplishment. Maslach et al. was the first to provide the definition of burnout as 'a long term, unresolvable stress that leads to exhaustion and feeling overwhelmed, cynical, detached from the job and lacking a sense of personal accomplishment'.
The interplay between the gut microbiota and NLRP3 activation affects the severity of acute pancreatitis in mice
Authors: Xueyang Li, Cong He, Nianshuang Li, Ling Ding, Hongyan Chen, Jianhua Wan, Xiaoyu Yang, Liang Xia, Wenhua He, Huifang Xiong, Xu Shu, Yin Zhu, Nonghua Lu
Journal: Gut Microbes (2020)

Early dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP), although the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, we investigated the role of crosstalk between NLRP3 and the gut microbiota in the development of AP utilizing gut microbiota deficient mice, as well as NLRP3 knockout (KO) mouse models. Pancreatic damage and systemic inflammation were improved in antibiotic-treated (Abx) and germ-free (GF) mice, accompanied by weakened activity of the intestinal NLRP3 inflammasome. Interestingly, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) reactivated the intestinal NLRP3 inflammasome and exacerbated the disease in Abx and GF mice. Although the gut barrier in GF and Abx mice was disrupted, gut microbiota deficiency ameliorated the severity of AP, probably due to the reduction in bacterial translocation from the gut to the pancreas. The composition of the gut microbiota was significantly different between NLRP3 KO mice and wild-type (WT) mice at baseline, and there were alterations in response to the induction of AP. While a dramatic shift in the gut microbiota with overgrowth of
コロネン・イオン・スパッター源を使用したコデイン負荷ポリ(L-乳酸)フィルムの定量的XPS深度プロファイリング | 文献情報 | J-GLOBAL 科学技術総合リンクセンター
Authors: Rafati Ali, C Davies Martyn, G Shard Alexander, Hutton Simon, Mishra Gautam, R Alexander Morgan
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2009)
FRI0219 MEPOLIZUMAB FOR EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGIITIS IN REAL WORLD DATA
Authors: T. Shoda, T. Takeuchi, K. Nagai, J. Konma, S. Arawaka
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Objectives: To investigate the treatments of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) and evaluate the usage of mepolizumab in clinical settings. Methods: The subjects were consecutive EGPA patients who were hospitalized and treated at our department and the Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Osaka Medical College between 2002 and 2018. Their clinical data, treatments, and courses were examined, and the usage of mepolizumab was evaluated. Results: Of 49 EGPA patients, 41 could be analyzed (14 males and 27 females, mean age of onset: 56.4 years). The percentage of positive ANCA was 31.7%, and affected sites were peripheral nerve (92%), central nervous system (17%), skin (51%), ENT (39%), lungs (29%), heart (22%), digestive organs (12%), and kidneys (15%). Remission induction therapy was performed with PSL (41 cases, 100%), PSL pulse (16 cases, 39%), IVCY (17 cases, 41%), RTX (4 cases, 10%), IVIG (22 cases, 54%), AZA (22 cases, 54%), MTX (4 cases, 10%), MMF (2 cases, 5%), MIZ (1 case, 2%), and MEPO (1 case, 2%). Maintenance therapy was performed with PSL (41 cases, 100%), AZA (21 cases, 51%), MTX (6 cases, 15%), MMF (2 cases, 5%), MIZ (3 cases, 7%), and MEPO (10 cases, 24%). In 10 patients who received mepolizumab, the percentage of positive ANCA was 40%, and the median dose of PSL was reduced from 9.5 mg to 5.5 mg after administration. Neither relapses nor adverse events occurred in patients who had received mepolizumab. Conclusion: Mepolizumab reduced the dose of steroids and improved tolerability in EGPA patients with or without ANCA. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Efficacy and Safety of 177Lu-labeled Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Radionuclide Treatment in Patients with Diffuse Bone Marrow Involvement: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Andrei Gafita, Wolfgang P. Fendler, Wang Hui, Shahneen Sandhu, Manuel Weber, Rouzbeh Esfandiari, Jeremie Calais, Isabel Rauscher, Hendrik Rathke, Robert Tauber, Ebrahim S. Delpassand, Wolfgang A. Weber, Ken Herrmann, Johannes Czernin, Matthias Eiber, Michael S. Hofman
Journal: European Urology (2020)
Multimodality Cardiovascular Imaging in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: William A. Zoghbi, Marcelo F. DiCarli, Ron Blankstein, Andrew D. Choi, Vasken Dilsizian, Frank A. Flachskampf, Jeffrey B. Geske, Paul A. Grayburn, Farouc A. Jaffer, Raymond Y. Kwong, Jonathan A. Leipsic, Thomas H. Marwick, Eike Nagel, Koen Nieman, Subha V. Raman, Michael Salerno, Partho P. Sengupta, Leslee J. Shaw, Y.S. Chandrashekhar
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)
Estrous cycle modulates ovarian cancer growth
Authors: Guillermo Armaiz-Pena, Yvonne Lin, Lingegowda Mangala, Nicholas Jennings, Derek Fiterman, Anil Sood
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

5495  Objective: Activation of the estrogen receptor has been shown to upregulate proangiogenic factors such as VEGF and modulate tumor growth. However, the influence of the estrous cycle on ovarian cancer is not fully known, and is the focus of the current study.  Methods: We utilized RT-PCR to determine the expression levels of estrogen receptor 1 and 2 (ER 1-2) as well as Progesterone Receptor (PR) in the HeyA8 and SKOV3ip1 cell lines. Tumor cells were injected intraperitoneally into nude mice during either the proestrus or estrus phase, as determined by vaginal cytopathology.  Results: In vitro, HeyA8 cells demonstrated high levels of both ER-1 and ER-2 and low levels of PR. The SKOV3ip1 cell line expressed high levels of all three receptors. In vivo experiments with both HeyA8 and SKOV3ip1 tumors demonstrated that injecting tumor cells during the proestrus phase significantly increased tumor burden by 251%compared to injecting tumor cells during the estrus phase (p=0.01). The in vivo HeyA8 and SKOV3ip1 models also showed that injection of tumor cells during the proestrus phase resulted in a 178% increase in tumor nodule formation compared to injection during the estrus phase (p=0.02).   Conclusions: Inoculation of ovarian cancer cells during proestrus significantly augmented tumor growth compared to inoculation during estrus, thus, suggesting that the estrogen receptor may play a role in tumorigenesis.
Engineering the Human Fc Region Enables Direct Cell Killing by Cancer Glycan–Targeting Antibodies without the Need for Immune Effector Cells or Complement
Authors: Mireille Vankemmelbeke, Richard S. McIntosh, Jia Xin Chua, Thomas Kirk, Ian Daniels, Marilena Patsalidou, Robert Moss, Tina Parsons, David Scott, Gemma Harris, Judith M. Ramage, Ian Spendlove, Lindy G. Durrant
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Murine IgG3 glycan-targeting mAb often induces direct cell killing in the absence of immune effector cells or complement via a proinflammatory mechanism resembling oncotic necrosis. This cancer cell killing is due to noncovalent association between Fc regions of neighboring antibodies, resulting in enhanced avidity. Human isotypes do not contain the residues underlying this cooperative binding mode; consequently, the direct cell killing of mouse IgG3 mAb is lost upon chimerization or humanization. Using the Lewisa/c/x -targeting 88mAb, we identified the murine IgG3 residues underlying the direct cell killing and increased avidity via a series of constant region shuffling and subdomain swapping approaches to create improved ("i") chimeric mAb with enhanced tumor killing in vitro and in vivo. Constant region shuffling identified a major CH3 and a minor CH2 contribution, which was further mapped to discontinuous regions among residues 286-306 and 339-378 that, when introduced in 88hIgG1, recapitulated the direct cell killing and avidity of 88mIgG3. Of greater interest was the creation of a sialyl-di-Lewisa-targeting i129G1 mAb via introduction of these selected residues into 129hIgG1, converting it into a direct cell killing mAb with enhanced avidity and significant in vivo tumor control. The human iG1 mAb, termed Avidimabs, retained effector functions, paving the way for the proinflammatory direct cell killing to promote antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity through relief of immunosuppression. Ultimately, Fc engineering of human glycan-targeting IgG1 mAb confers proinflammatory direct cell killing and enhanced avidity, an approach that could be used to improve the avidity of other mAb with therapeutic potential. SIGNIFICANCE: Fc engineering enhances avidity and direct cell killing of cancer-targeting anti-glycan antibodies to create superior clinical candidates for cancer immunotherapy.