tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Wholegrain Particle Size Influences Postprandial Glycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Crossover Study Comparing Four Wholegrain Breads
Authors: Andrew N. Reynolds, Jim Mann, Mona Elbalshy, Evelyn Mete, Caleb Robinson, Indrawati Oey, Pat Silcock, Nerida Downes, Tracy Perry, Lisa Te Morenga
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

Wholegrain foods vary in the extent of processing. We investigated whether wholegrain particle size in bread influences postprandial glycemia in type 2 diabetes.Postprandial glycemia (incremental area under the blood glucose curve [iAUC]) was measured after consumption of three breads made with roller-milled wholegrain flour and added grains and a fourth made with stone-ground flour. All flours and grains were 100% wholegrain wheat. Breads were nutrient matched.Fifteen adults (64 ± 10 years, HbA1c 58 ± 13 mmol/mol) completed the study. iAUC for the three breads made with roller-milled flour ranged from 376 to 641 mmol-1min-1, inverse linear trend for grain particle size P = 0.039. The iAUC for stone-ground wholegrain bread (503) was smaller than predicted from mean particle size.Wholegrain structural integrity in bread is a determinant of glycemic response. These findings have implications for dietary advice and the definition of the term "'wholegrain."
Emerging Mutations at Relapse in Patients with FLT3-Mutated Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia Who Received Gilteritinib Therapy in the Phase 3 Admiral Trial
Authors: Catherine C. Smith, Mark J. Levis, Alexander E. Perl, Giovanni Martinelli, Andreas Neubauer, Ellin Berman, Pau Montesinos, Maria R. Baer, Richard A. Larson, Wen-Chien Chou, Hisayuki Yokoyama, Christian Recher, Sung-Soo Yoon, Jason E. Hill, Matt Rosales, Erkut Bahceci
Journal: Blood (2019)
Inhaled corticosteroid use and the incidence of lung cancer in COPD
Authors: Samy Suissa, Sophie Dell'Aniello, Anne V. Gonzalez, Pierre Ernst
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

Background Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are suggested for potential chemoprevention of lung cancer. Several observational studies in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reported inconsistent results, either significant reductions in lung cancer incidence with ICS use or no effect. We assessed this association, using an approach that avoided biases affecting some of the studies. Methods A cohort of patients with COPD, new users of long-acting bronchodilators over 2000–2014, was formed using the Quebec healthcare databases, and followed until 2015 for a first diagnosis of lung cancer. A 1-year delay after cohort entry was used to avoid protopathic bias and a 1-year latency period was included after the initiation of ICS use. A time-dependent Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of lung cancer associated with ICS exposure, adjusted for covariates. Results The cohort involved 63 276 subjects, including 63% receiving ICS, with 3743 lung cancers occurring during a mean follow-up of 5 years. The adjusted HR of lung cancer associated with any ICS exposure was 1.01 (95% CI 0.94–1.08), relative to no ICS use. The HR with longer time (&gt;4 years) since ICS initiation was 0.92 (95% CI 0.83–1.03), while with higher mean daily ICS dose (&gt;1000 μg fluticasone equivalents) was 1.36 (95% CI 1.03–1.81). Conclusions Inhaled corticosteroid use is not associated with a reduction in lung cancer incidence in patients with COPD. Observational studies reporting such reduction may have been affected by time-related biases and the inclusion of patients with asthma. The proposition of a randomised trial warrants some caution.
Diagnostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial washing in sputum-scarce or smear-negative cases with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomized study
Authors: Y.W. Kim, B.S. Kwon, S.Y. Lim, Y.J. Lee, Y.-J. Cho, H.I. Yoon, J.H. Lee, C.-T. Lee, J.S. Park
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2019)
Correlation between the EGFR intron 1 CA dinucleotide repeat and skin toxicity in lung cancer patients treated with erlotinib
Authors: J. Garcia-Donas, S. Leskelä, J. M. Sanchez, J. C. Camara, N. Rodriguez, P. Dhimes, F. Pinedo, J. L. Lopez, C. Jara, C. Rodriguez-Antona
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

14001 Background: Acneiform rash is the main toxicity of erlotinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor. The length of the CA dinucleotide repeat in EGFR intron 1 has been suggested to predict the biological effects of tyrosin kinase inhibitors. Thus, we compared this polymorphism with the rash severity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with erlotinib. Methods: Toxicity was evaluated in 18 metastatic or locally advanced unresectable NSCLC patients treated orally with 150 mg/d of erlotinib: 7 retrospectively and 11 prospectively. Rash was graded according to a modified scale based on the Common Toxicity Criteria v.3.0, which subclassified grade II rash into IIA (topic intervention indicated) and IIB (oral intervention indicated). Genomic DNA was isolated from each patient; the length of the EGFR intron 1 CA dinucleotide repeat was measured by PCR amplification and analyzed on a capillary sequencer. Results: The most common EGFR genotypes were: 16, 20, 17 and 18 CA repeats (with 50, 25, 8 and 8% frequency, respectively). 33% of the subjects with a total amount of CA repeats &lt;34 had grade IIB-III rash vs 11% of the subjects with =34 CA repeats. In addition, all patients with 0 grade toxicity belonged to the =34 CA group. When the only patient with a previous dermatological disease (psoriasis) was excluded from the analysis, the difference between both groups increased, reaching statistical significance (p=0.047). Conclusions: This data suggests that NSCLC patients with long EGFR intron 1 CA alleles present lower grades of skin toxicity when treated with erlotinib than patients with short CA alleles. Further studies are required to confirm this data. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Balanced framing in prognostic discussions among patients with advanced cancer.
Authors: Amy W. An, Colin McHugh, Lauren Elizabeth Nicholls, Ronald M. Epstein, Mohamedtaki Abdulaziz Tejani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

22 Background: Prognostic awareness, which incorporates understanding of treatment goals, curability, life-expectancy, and anticipated course of illness, is critical to informed decision-making. In this qualitative study, we explored how balanced framing is utilized during prognostic discussions in oncology office visits. Methods: We (2 oncologists, 3 palliative care physicians) performed a secondary analysis of transcripts of audio-recorded visits between oncologists, caregivers, and patients with advanced cancer obtained as part of a large NIH-funded study. Transcripts were from one study site and included a variety of oncologists, cancer sites, and levels of patient prognostic awareness, as defined by concordance with the oncologist. For analysis, we chose transcripts with some discussion relating to prognosis (eg. treatment goals, etc.). We met regularly to identify themes contributing to prognostic awareness. Differences were reconciled via group discussion. This process continued iteratively until saturation was achieved (n = 24). Results: Prognosis content was reviewed during discussion of treatment goals (n = 15), life-expectancy (n = 14), and future planning (n = 18). In 8 examples of balanced framing of treatment options, oncologists acknowledged the uncertain benefit of treatment and considered patient quality of life; in 7 that did not, oncologists presented treatment as default and emphasized positive outcomes. In 8 examples of balanced framing in estimating life-expectancy, oncologists presented patient-specific ranges and acknowledged exceptionally long and short survival possibilities; in 6 that did not, oncologists provided broad ranges or focused on unusually long survival. In 6 examples of balanced framing in future planning, oncologists acknowledged best supportive care as an alternative to treatment; of 12 that did not, only the next line in treatment or clinical trial was discussed. Conclusions: Although prior research suggests that balanced framing is uncommon, we have identified occasions in which it occurs and characterized how it can be accomplished in prognostic discussions. Further study is needed to better understand the effect of balanced framing on patient prognostic awareness.
Long-Term Follow-up of a PET-Guided Approach to Treatment of Limited-Stage Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) in British Columbia (BC)
Authors: Laurie H Sehn, David W. Scott, Diego Villa, Alina S Gerrie, Ciara L Freeman, Christina Aquino Parsons, Tom Pickles, Andrea Lo, Pedro Farinha, Graham W Slack, Don Wilson, R. Petter Tonseth, Joseph M. Connors, Kerry J Savage
Journal: Blood (2019)
Rituximab for chronic periaortitis without evidence of IgG4-related disease: a long-term follow-up study of 20 patients
Authors: Maria Letizia Urban, Federica Maritati, Alessandra Palmisano, Paride Fenaroli, Francesco Peyronel, Giorgio Trivioli, Stefania Ferretti, Consuelo De Biase, Peter C Grayson, Francesco Pegoraro, Domenico Prisco, Paola Romagnani, Giacomo Emmi, Augusto Vaglio
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

Chronic periaortitis (CP) is a rare condition characterised by a peri-aortoiliac fibro-inflammatory tissue. A total of 20%–50% of the cases are immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related, based on histological evidence of IgG4+ plasma cell infiltration (on a background of dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates, storiform fibrosis and tissue eosinophilia) and/or increased serum IgG4.1 

Glucocorticoids are the first-line therapy for CP.2 However, some patients are refractory, frequently relapsing or have contraindications to glucocorticoids. The anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab proved efficacious in systemic forms of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) including IgG4-related CP,3 but data on IgG4-unrelated CP are scarce.4–6 In this study, we tested rituximab in CP patients without evidence of IgG4-RD who had relapsing/refractory disease or contraindications to standard-dose glucocorticoids.

We included patients with active, IgG4-unrelated CP who received rituximab (October 2009 to April 2017). Online supplementary methods describe the diagnostic and follow-up procedures, the definitions of remission and refractory, and the statistical analysis.### Supplementary data

[annrheumdis-2019-216258supp001.pdf] 

Twenty consecutive patients were included. Two of them were previously reported.5 Of the eight patients with available CP biopsies, none had significant IgG4+-plasma cell infiltration. None had other biopsy-proven …
Performance of UK National Health Service compared with other high income countries: observational study
Authors: Irene Papanicolas, Elias Mossialos, Anders Gundersen, Liana Woskie, Ashish K Jha
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Abstract Objective To determine how the UK National Health Service (NHS) is performing relative to health systems of other high income countries, given that it is facing sustained financial pressure, increasing levels of demand, and cuts to social care. Design Observational study using secondary data from key international organisations such as Eurostat and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Setting Healthcare systems of the UK and nine high income comparator countries: Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, and the US. Main outcome measures 79 indicators across seven domains: population and healthcare coverage, healthcare and social spending, structural capacity, utilisation, access to care, quality of care, and population health. Results The UK spent the least per capita on healthcare in 2017 compared with all other countries studied (UK $3825 (£2972; €3392); mean $5700), and spending was growing at slightly lower levels (0.02% of gross domestic product in the previous four years, compared with a mean of 0.07%). The UK had the lowest rates of unmet need and among the lowest numbers of doctors and nurses per capita, despite having average levels of utilisation (number of hospital admissions). The UK had slightly below average life expectancy (81.3 years compared with a mean of 81.7) and cancer survival, including breast, cervical, colon, and rectal cancer. Although several health service outcomes were poor, such as postoperative sepsis after abdominal surgery (UK 2454 per 100 000 discharges; mean 2058 per 100 000 discharges), 30 day mortality for acute myocardial infarction (UK 7.1%; mean 5.5%), and ischaemic stroke (UK 9.6%; mean 6.6%), the UK achieved lower than average rates of postoperative deep venous thrombosis after joint surgery and fewer healthcare associated infections. Conclusions The NHS showed pockets of good performance, including in health service outcomes, but spending, patient safety, and population health were all below average to average at best. Taken together, these results suggest that if the NHS wants to achieve comparable health outcomes at a time of growing demographic pressure, it may need to spend more to increase the supply of labour and long term care and reduce the declining trend in social spending to match levels of comparator countries.
Epidemiology and factors associated with mortality among inpatients with neoplasm related pain.
Authors: Arya Mariam Roy, Manojna Konda, Aravind Mohanakumar Warrier, Issam Makhoul
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

72 Background: Intractable pain is one of the invincible entities in cancer and about 75% of cancer patients require inpatient hospital admission at least once in their treatment course. Palliative care service has a significant role in managing cancer pain and thus reducing the recurrent hospital admissions. Methods: We analyzed the association of Mortality Rate (MR) with age, sex, race, emergency admission, hospital regions among patients admitted for Neoplasm Related Pain (NRP). Data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for the year 2016 was reviewed. Patients admitted with a principal diagnosis of NRP were identified using ICD-10 code. The prevalence of each cancer and characteristics of admissions were also studied. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA and the association was depicted with Chi-Square test. Results: A total of 28609 admissions with a primary diagnosis of NRP was identified. The mean age of admission was found to be 59.38 ± 0.08, with 53.19% patients ≥ 60 years of age. 51.39% were females, 65.58% were Caucasians,16.25% were African Americans. The overall inpatient hospital MR for NRP was 8.16%. There was a significant difference in the MR between inpatients ≥ 60 years of age and &lt;60 years (MR=9% in age ≥ 60, P&lt;0.001). MR was high among Caucasians (8.31%, P=0.021). There exists a small difference in the MR among hospital regions (highest in West at 8.36%, lowest in South 7.68%, p=0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the MR among sex, emergency vs elective admissions. NRP was most commonly associated with secondary neoplasms, the prevalence in the order: secondary malignant neoplasm of bone (38%), liver and bile duct (26%), followed by lung (11%), peritoneum (10%), brain (9%). The encounter for palliative care was documented only in 8530 admissions (29%). Conclusions: MR is high on people with NRP who are ≥ 60 years, Caucasians. Regional difference also plays a role in this. Further studies are needed to address the causes of the difference. Utilization of palliative care service is found to be less in NRP admissions. Future admissions and mortality rates can be reduced by the effective utilization of palliative care, optimization of outpatient pain management.
ENGOT-ov43/KEYLYNK-001: A phase III trial of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy with olaparib maintenance for first-line treatment of BRCA¬-nonmutated advanced epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: K. Fujiwara, I.B. Vergote, J. Sehouli, V. Salutari, P. Zola, R. Madry, R.M. Wenham, J. Korach, P. Pautier, D. Cibula, S. Lheureux, K. Hasegawa, B.-G. Kim, C.-H. Lai, A. Gonzalez-Martinez, Q. Liu, S.M. Keefe, M. Puglisi, S. Topuz
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Phase III KEYNOTE-048 study of first-line pembrolizumab for recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Asia vs non-Asia subgroup analysis
Authors: N. Ngamphaiboon, K. Tanaka, R.-L. Hong, W.Z. Wan Ishak, C.-J. Yen, V. Sriuranpong, S. Takahashi, V. Srimuninnimit, S.-P. Yeh, N. Oridate, M.-H. Yang, N. Nohata, Y. Koh, A. Roy, B. Gumuscu, R. Swaby, M. Tahara
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Unusual Tumor on the Earlobe
Authors: María Jesús Hernández San Martín, Javier Arellano, Yamile Corredoira Salum
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Four-year overview of enrollment and participation in research studies conducted at the Prostate Cancer Supportive Care (PCSC) Program.
Authors: Eugenia Wu, Olga Arsovska, Monita Sundar, Michaela Vivar, Christopher Pang, Maria Spillane, Lindsay Hedden, Larry Goldenberg, Celestia S. Higano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

39 Background: The mission of the Prostate Cancer Supportive Care (PCSC) Program at the Vancouver Prostate Centre (VPC) is to provide clinical care focused on the needs of prostate cancer patients and partners. It is comprised of six modules that are administered by medical professionals in urology, radiation oncology, sexual health nurses, registered dieticians, certified exercise physiologist, male pelvic floor physiotherapists, and couples’ counselling. Incorporation of research into daily care provides evidence for these practices, identifies areas for improvement, and tests new approaches. In order to evaluate the interface between the clinical and research programs, we reviewed the metrics of our PCSC program. Methods: Research studies were grouped by type. Screening and enrollment logs were reviewed to tally the total number of patients approached versus enrolled. Reasons for non-participation based on data in our enrollment logs were categorized. Results: Between Feb 2015 and Mar 2019, PCSC Program participated in 22 research studies: 9 therapeutic or lifestyle intervention studies (3 RCTs), 3 observational studies, 2 registries, 1 survey, 1 genetic study, 1 databank , 2 collaborative programmatic studies, 3 “permission to contact” studies (referral to the study team only). 8 of the 22 studies included recruitment of dyads (both patient and their partner or caregiver). Of 1080 consenting patients, 760 (70.4%) enrolled in 1 study, 210 (19.4%) in 2 studies, and 110 (10.2%) in &gt; 3 studies. 583 patients did not consent due to lack of interest (43.7%), not available (21.1%), time constraints (10.3%), travel distance (6.7%). Conclusions: Our data show that a subspecialty supportive care program can provide a rich environment in which to conduct clinical research. We believe that the integration of the research program and personnel into the clinical setting is key to our success. Current on-going studies are evaluating the impact of and patient satisfaction with all PCSC modules.
Evodiamine-inspired dual inhibitors of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and topoisomerase 2 (TOP2) with potent antitumor activity
Authors: Yahui Huang, Shuqiang Chen, Shanchao Wu, Guoqiang Dong, Chunquan Sheng
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2019)

A great challenge in multi-targeting drug discovery is to identify drug-like lead compounds with therapeutic advantages over single target inhibitors and drug combinations. Inspired by our previous efforts in designing antitumor evodiamine derivatives, herein selective histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and topoisomerase 2 (TOP2) dual inhibitors were successfully identified, which showed potent in vitro and in vivo antitumor potency. Particularly, compound 30a was orally active and possessed excellent in vivo antitumor activity in the HCT116 xenograft model (TGI = 75.2%, 150 mg/kg, p.o.) without significant toxicity, which was more potent than HDAC inhibitor vorinostat, TOP inhibitor evodiamine and their combination. Taken together, this study highlights the therapeutic advantages of evodiamine-based HDAC1/TOP2 dual inhibitors and provides valuable leads for the development of novel multi-targeting antitumor agents.
Going Beyond Results of the PEMBRO-RT Trial
Authors: Xu Yang, Yu Men, Zhouguang Hui
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal