tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the Role of Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Guillaume Marquis-Gravel, Matthew T. Roe, Robert A. Harrington, Daniel Muñoz, Adrian F. Hernandez, W. Schuyler Jones
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Aspirin is the cornerstone of the antithrombotic management of patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, but major guidelines provide conflicting recommendations for its use in primary prevention. Findings from recent randomized trials totaling >47 000 patients called into question the net clinical benefits of aspirin in primary prevention for 3 key populations: patients with diabetes mellitus, community-dwelling elderly individuals, and patients without diabetes mellitus who are at intermediate risk for atherosclerotic events. In the context of increasing emphasis on the use of other treatments for primary prevention in patients with moderate-high future risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, the efficacy and safety of aspirin for primary prevention has become uncertain. Key unresolved questions regarding the role of aspirin in primary prevention include the optimal drug formulation, dosing schedule, weight-based dose selection, and interplay between sex and treatment response. In the current era, most patients without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease should not be prescribed aspirin. Rather, aggressive management of comorbidities tailored to the expected cardiovascular risk needs to be emphasized. In this context, informed shared decision making between clinicians and patients regarding the use of aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events is a suitable and laudable approach. In this article, we revisit the role of aspirin for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases by critically reviewing the key scientific literature, highlight key areas of uncertainties for future research, and propose a decisional framework for clinicians to support prescription of aspirin in primary prevention.
TCT-619 Clinical Impact of Renal Impairment in Diabetic Patients Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Sangwoo Park, Junho Hyun, Yeongjin Jeong, Junghoon Lee, Yujin Yang, KyungJin Choe, Ju Hyeon Kim, Sang-Cheol Cho, Hanbit Park, Euihong Ko, Do-Yoon Kang, Pil Hyung Lee, Jung-Min Ahn, Duk-Woo Park, Seung-Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Publication Bias in Trials With and Without Null Findings
Authors: Ioana A. Cristea, Claudio Gentili
Journal: JAMA (2019)

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TCT-62 A Polymer-Free Paclitaxel-Eluting Stent (Zilver PTX) Versus a Bare-Metal Stent (Misago) for De Novo Femoropopliteal Lesions (BATTLE): A Randomized Trial
Authors: Yann Goueffic, Antoine Sauguet, Pascal Desgranges, Patrick Feugier, Eugenio Rosset, Eric Ducasse, Alain Cardon, Lucie Salomon du Mont, Jean Marc Pernes, Philippe Commeau, Patrick Lermusiaux, Brice Leclere, Beatrice Guyomarch, Clement Hoffmann, Blandine Maurel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
TCT-515 Marked Variability and Regional Constraints: Observations From a Population-Based and Telemedicine-Guided STEMI Program
Authors: Sameer Mehta, Daniel Vieira, Roberto Botelho, Jamil Cade, Marco Perin, Mauricio Prudente, Ricardo Cavalcanti, Cesar Dusilek, Rodolfo Cardoso, Nabil Hamdan, Luis Ignacio Calderon, Marco Alcocer-Gamba, Juan Carlos Perez Alva, Alfredo Estrada, Manuel De Los Rios Ibarra, Alejandro Ricalde, Alejandra Frauenfelder, Gladys Pinto, Lorena Pisana, Jorge Mazzini, Samantha Quintero, Claudia Lopez, Isabella Vallenilla, Carlos Peña, Genesis Del Nogal, Jorge Cardenas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Correction: Alterations in the Transcriptional Programs of Myeloma Cells and the Microenvironment during Extramedullary Progression Affect Proliferation and Immune Evasion
Authors: Daeun Ryu, Seok Jin Kim, Yourae Hong, Areum Jo, Nayoung Kim, Hee-Jin Kim, Hae-Ock Lee, Kihyun Kim, Woong-Yang Park
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Purpose  In multiple myeloma, extramedullary progression is associated with treatment resistance and a high mortality rate. To understand the molecular mechanisms controlling the devastating progression of myeloma, we applied single-cell RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to myeloma in the bone marrow and myelomatous pleural effusions or ascites.  Experimental design  Bone marrow or extramedullary myeloma samples were collected from 15 patients and subjected to single-cell RNA-seq. The single-cell transcriptome data of malignant plasma cells and the surrounding immune microenvironment were analyzed.  Results  Comparisons of single-cell transcriptomes revealed the systematic activation of proliferation, antigen presentation, proteasomes, glycolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways in extramedullary myeloma cells. The myeloma cells expressed multiple combinations of growth factors and receptors, suggesting autonomous and pleiotropic growth potential at the single-cell level. Comparisons of the tumor microenvironment revealed the presence of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells in both the bone marrow and extramedullary ascites, demonstrating a gene-expression phenotype indicative of functional compromise. In parallel, isolated myeloma cells persistently expressed class I MHC molecules and upregulated inhibitory molecules for cytotoxic T and NK cells.  Conclusions  These data suggest that myeloma cells are equipped with specialized immune evasion mechanisms in cytotoxic microenvironments. Taken together, single-cell transcriptome analysis revealed transcriptional programs associated with aggressive myeloma progression that support autonomous cell proliferation and immune evasion.
TCT-801 Vascular Complications in Transaxillary TAVI: Incidence and Predictors Incorporating CTA Measurements
Authors: Kees van der Wulp, Marleen van Wely, Ina Thijs, Anton Loverbos, Helmut Gehlmann, Michel Verkroost, Leen van Garsse, Peter Kievit, Priya Vart, Saloua El Messaoudi, Dennis Bosboom, Wim Morshuis, Niels van Royen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Metal and glue: best treatment choice for gastric varices?
Authors: Michael V. Chiorean
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Variceal bleeding is a serious complication in patients with cirrhosis. Bleeding from gastric varices in particular is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and conventional endoscopic therapy is less effective [1]. Although transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt may be superior to medical therapy in patients with compensated cirrhosis (Child – Pugh class C < 14), it is contraindicated in patients with severe liver disease owing to the risk of precipitating encephalopathy.
TCT-63 Jetstream Atherectomy for the Treatment of In-Stent Restenosis of the Femoropopliteal Artery: Preliminary Results of the JET-ISR Study
Authors: Nicolas W. Shammas, Nicholas Petruzzi, Steve Henao, Ehrin Armstrong, Thomas Shimshak, Faisal Latif, Thomas Brothers, Jaafer Golzar, Gail Shammas, Sue Jones-Miller, Lori Christensen, W. John Shammas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Hepatic Glucagon Signaling Regulates PCSK9 and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
Authors: Stefano Spolitu, Haruka Okamoto, Wen Dai, John A. Zadroga, Erika S. Wittchen, Jesper Gromada, Lale Ozcan
Journal: Circulation Research (2019)

Rationale: Glucagon is a key hormone that regulates the adaptive metabolic responses to fasting. In addition to maintaining glucose homeostasis, glucagon participates in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism; however, the molecular pathways underlying this effect are incompletely understood. Objective: We sought to determine the role of hepatic Gcgr (glucagon receptor) signaling in plasma cholesterol regulation and identify its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods and Results: We show that Gcgr signaling plays an essential role in LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) homeostasis through regulating the PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) levels. Silencing of hepatic Gcgr or inhibition of glucagon action increased hepatic and plasma PCSK9 and resulted in lower LDLR (LDL receptor) protein and increased plasma LDL-C. Conversely, treatment of wild-type (WT) mice with glucagon lowered LDL-C levels, whereas this response was abrogated in Pcsk9 −/− and Ldlr −/− mice. Our gain- and loss-of-function studies identified Epac2 (exchange protein activated by cAMP-2) and Rap1 (Ras-related protein-1) as the downstream mediators of glucagon’s action on PCSK9 homeostasis. Moreover, mechanistic studies revealed that glucagon affected the half-life of PCSK9 protein without changing the level of its mRNA, indicating that Gcgr signaling regulates PCSK9 degradation. Conclusions: These findings provide novel insights into the molecular interplay between hepatic glucagon signaling and lipid metabolism and describe a new posttranscriptional mechanism of PCSK9 regulation.
Listeria monocytogenes in human milk in Mali: A potential health emergency
Authors: Amadou Hamidou Togo, Gregory Dubourg, Aminata Camara, Salimata Konate, Jeremy Delerce, Claudia Andrieu, Abdoulaye Djimde, Mahamadou Ali Thera, Matthieu Million, Didier Raoult
Journal: Journal of Infection (2019)
Postzygotic inactivating mutations of RHOA cause a mosaic neuroectodermal syndrome
Authors: Pierre Vabres, Arthur Sorlin, Stanislav S. Kholmanskikh, Bénédicte Demeer, Judith St-Onge, Yannis Duffourd, Paul Kuentz, Jean-Benoît Courcet, Virginie Carmignac, Philippine Garret, Didier Bessis, Odile Boute, Alain Bron, Guillaume Captier, Esther Carmi, Bernard Devauchelle, David Geneviève, Catherine Gondry-Jouet, Laurent Guibaud, Arnaud Lafon, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Julien Thevenon, William B. Dobyns, Geneviève Bernard, Satyamaanasa Polubothu, Francesca Faravelli, Veronica A. Kinsler, Christel Thauvin, Laurence Faivre, M. Elizabeth Ross, Jean-Baptiste Rivière
Journal: Nature Genetics (2019)
TCT-22 Impact of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation on Microemboli 24 to 48 h After Valve Implantation Observed as High-Intensity Transient Signals on Transcranial Doppler: Prevalence and Implications
Authors: Navneet Sharma, Ryan Heslin, Peter Avvento, John Medamana, Joseph Burdowski, Saadat Aleem, Jahan Manjur, Leyla Gasimli-Gamache, Jeanwoo Yoo, Thomas Bilfinger, Henry Tannous, Smadar Kort, Jose Wiley, Puja Parikh, Nicos Labropoulos, Robert Pyo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Does Bone Marrow Fibrosis Play a Role in the Prognostication of Newly Diagnosed Polycythemia Vera Patients
Authors: Matteo Molica, Daniela De Benedictis, Emilia Scalzulli, Ida Carmosino, Laura Cesini, Marta Chisini, Maria Lucia De Luca, Fulvio Massaro, Gioia Colafigli, Marco Mancini, Stefania Trasarti, Massimo Breccia, Robin Foa, Roberto Latagliata
Journal: Blood (2017)
TCT-611 Influence of Renal Dysfunction for Ischemic Stroke and Major Bleeding in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Ko Yamamoto, Hiroki Shiomi, Yasuaki Takeji, Masahiro Natsuaki, Hirotoshi Watanabe, Takeshi Kimura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Intravitreous Cutaneous Metastatic Melanoma in the Era of Checkpoint Inhibition
Authors: Jasmine H. Francis, Duncan Berry, David H. Abramson, Christopher A. Barker, Chris Bergstrom, Hakan Demirci, Michael Engelbert, Hans Grossniklaus, Baker Hubbard, Codrin E. Iacob, Korey Jaben, Madhavi Kurli, Michael A. Postow, Jedd D. Wolchok, Ivana K. Kim, Jill R. Wells
Journal: Ophthalmology (2019)
Avastin: drug regulator clears way for use for wet AMD
Authors: Deborah Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2019)

The NHS was now in a better position to treat thousands of patients with wet age-related macular degeneration “for a fraction of the cost,” Julie Wood, chief executive of NHS Clinical Commissioners, has said.

Her statement came as the UK drug regulator, the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, changed its guidance to say that bevacizumab (Roche’s Avastin), when prescribed or used by a healthcare professional for ophthalmic conditions, “falls under the scope of ‘off-label’ use.”

The MHRA had previously stated that using the drug in this way was “unlicensed,” meaning that pharmacists and doctors were unsure whether they could prescribe and dispense the …
TCT-574 More Fresh Thrombi in Cardio Embolic Than Vascular Related Acute Vessel Syndromes
Authors: Martijn Meuwissen, Bas Schőlzel, Kartika Pertiwi, Thijs de Jong, Ruud Aarts, Rob Versteylen, Maarten Sturm, Ben Van Den Branden, Jeroen Vos, Peter Den Heijer, Alexander Ijsselmuiden, Allard van der Wal, Robbert de Winter, Tim van de Hoef
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
TCT-490 Myocardial Infarction Due to Acute Left Circumflex Occlusion: Electrocardiographic Parameters, Infarct Size, Reperfusion Delay, Average Hospital Stay, and Cardiovascular Mortality
Authors: Pedro Pérez-Díaz, Alfonso Jurado-Román, Ignacio Sanchez-Perez, María López-Lluva, Ramón Maseda Uriza, Jesus Piqueras-Flores, Fernando Lozano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Injectable Supramolecular Ureidopyrimidinone Hydrogels Provide Sustained Release of Extracellular Vesicle Therapeutics
Authors: Emma A. Mol, Zhiyong Lei, Marieke T. Roefs, Maarten H. Bakker, Marie‐José Goumans, Pieter A. Doevendans, Patricia Y. W. Dankers, Pieter Vader, Joost P. G. Sluijter
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles secreted by cells and have gained increasing interest as both drug delivery vehicles or as cell‐free therapeutics for regenerative medicine. To achieve optimal therapeutic effects, strategies are being developed to prolong EV exposure to target organs. One promising approach to achieve this is through EV‐loaded injectable hydrogels. In this study, the use of a hydrogel based on ureido‐pyrimidinone (UPy) units coupled to poly(ethylene glycol) chains (UPy‐hydrogel) is examined as potential delivery platform for EVs. The UPy‐hydrogel undergoes a solution‐to‐gel transition upon switching from a high to neutral pH, allowing immediate gelation upon administration into physiological systems. Here, sustained EV release from the UPy‐hydrogel measured over a period of 4 d is shown. Importantly, EVs retain their functional capacity after release. Upon local administration of fluorescently labeled EVs incorporated in a UPy‐hydrogel in vivo, EVs are still detected in the UPy‐hydrogel after 3 d, whereas in the absence of a hydrogel, EVs are internalized by fat and skin tissue near the injection site. Together, these data demonstrate that UPy‐hydrogels provide sustained EV release over time and enhance local EV retention in vivo, which could contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy upon local delivery and translation toward new applications.
Sixty seconds on . . . Stoptober
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Why not? Setting aside a week or a month for a good cause may raise a weary sigh among the cynical, but it’s a good way of focusing effort and reinforcing a message. Since 2012, October has been the month to quit smoking.

Yes, there’s good evidence that it does, says Robert West of University College London, an expert in the field. …
TCT-626 Correlation Between Fractional Flow Reserve and Resting Full-Cycle Ratio (RFR) in the Assessment of the Clinical Significance of Borderline Stenosis in Patient With Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Łukasz Niewiara, Bartlomiej Guzik, Piotr Szolc, Marcin Nosal, Jacek Legutko
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Erratum: Outcome of relapsed infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated on the interfant-99 protocol
Authors: E M C Driessen, P de Lorenzo, M Campbell, M Felice, A Ferster, I Hann, A Vora, L Hovi, G Escherich, C K Li, G Mann, T Leblanc, F Locatelli, A Biondi, J Rubnitz, M Schrappe, L Silverman, J Stary, R Suppiah, T Szczepanski, M Valsecchi, R Pieters
Journal: Leukemia (2017)
TCT-357 Incidence and Clinical Impact of Calcified Nodule in Patients With Severely Calcified Lesions Requiring Rotational Atherectomy
Authors: Toru Morofuji, Shoichi Kuramitsu, Takenori Domei, Makoto Hyodo, Shinichi Shirai, Kenji Ando
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Kidney Regeneration in Later-Stage Mouse Embryos via Transplanted Renal Progenitor Cells
Authors: Shuichiro Yamanaka, Yatsumu Saito, Toshinari Fujimoto, Tsuyoshi Takamura, Susumu Tajiri, Kei Matsumoto, Takashi Yokoo
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2019)

The limited availability of donor kidneys for transplantation has spurred interest in investigating alternative strategies, such as regenerating organs from stem cells transplanted into animal embryos. However, there is no known method for transplanting cells into later-stage embryos, which may be the most suitable host stages for organogenesis, particularly into regions useful for kidney regeneration.We demonstrated accurate transplantation of renal progenitor cells expressing green fluorescent protein to the fetal kidney development area by incising the opaque uterine muscle layer but not the transparent amniotic membrane. We allowed renal progenitor cell-transplanted fetuses to develop for 6 days postoperatively before removal for analysis. We also transplanted renal progenitor cells into conditional kidney-deficient mouse embryos. We determined growth and differentiation of transplanted cells in all cases.Renal progenitor cell transplantation into the retroperitoneal cavity of fetuses at E13-E14 produced transplant-derived, vascularized glomeruli with filtration function and did not affect fetal growth or survival. Cells transplanted to the nephrogenic zone produced a chimera in the cap mesenchyme of donor and host nephron progenitor cells. Renal progenitor cells transplanted to conditional kidney-deficient fetuses induced the formation of a new nephron in the fetus that is connected to the host ureteric bud.We developed a cell transplantation method for midstage to late-stage fetuses. In vivo kidney regeneration from renal progenitor cells using the renal developmental environment of the fetus shows promise. Our findings suggest that fetal transplantation methods may contribute to organ regeneration and developmental research.
TCT-528 Novel Predictors of New Permanent Pacemaker Implantation After Evolut TAVR
Authors: Syed Zaid, Hasan Ahmad, Asaad Khan, Ryan Kaple, Cenap Undemir, Jason Kovacic, Steven Lansman, George Dangas, Samin Sharma, Annapoorna Kini, Gilbert Tang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Extent of Myocardial Ischemia on Positron Emission Tomography and Survival Benefit With Early Revascularization
Authors: Krishna K. Patel, John A. Spertus, Paul S. Chan, Brett W. Sperry, Randall C. Thompson, Firas Al Badarin, Kevin F. Kennedy, James A. Case, Staci Courter, Ibrahim M. Saeed, A. Iain McGhie, Timothy M. Bateman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)

Prior studies with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) have shown a survival benefit with early revascularization in patients with >10% to 12.5% ischemic myocardium. The relationship among positron emission tomography (PET)–derived extent of ischemia, early revascularization, and survival is unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association among percent ischemia on PET MPI, revascularization, and survival. A total of 16,029 unique consecutive patients who were undergoing Rubidium-82 rest-stress PET MPI from 2010 to 2016 were included. Patients with known cardiomyopathy and nondiagnostic perfusion results were excluded. Percent ischemic myocardium was estimated from a 17-segment model. Propensity scoring was used to account for nonrandomized referral to early revascularization (90 days of PET). A Cox model was developed, adjusting for propensity scores for early revascularization and percent ischemia, and an interaction between ischemia and early revascularization was tested. Median follow-up was 3.7 years. Overall, 1,277 (8%) patients underwent early revascularization and 2,493 (15.6%) died (738 cardiac). Nearly 37% of patients (n = 5,902) had ischemia, with 13.5% (n = 2,160) having ≥10%. In propensity-adjusted analyses, there was a significant interaction between ischemia and early revascularization (p < 0.001 for all-cause and cardiac death), such that patients with greater ischemia had improved survival with early revascularization, with a potential ischemia threshold at 5% (upper limit 95% confidence interval at 10%). There was no differential association between ischemia and early revascularization on death based on history of known coronary artery disease (interaction p = 0.72). In a contemporary cohort of patients undergoing PET MPI, patients with greater ischemia had a survival benefit from early revascularization. On exploratory analyses, this threshold was lower than that previously reported for SPECT. These findings require future validation in prospective cohorts or trials.
TCT-222 Characteristics, Procedures, and Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for In-Stent Chronic Total Occlusion
Authors: Euihong Ko, Junho Hyun, Ju Hyeon Kim, Yeongjin Jeong, Yujin Yang, KyungJin Choe, Junghoon Lee, Sangwoo Park, Hanbit Park, Sang-Cheol Cho, Yong-Hoon Yoon, Do-Yoon Kang, Pil Hyung Lee, Jung-Min Ahn, Duk-Woo Park, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Effectiveness of End of Therapy PET Based Deauville Scoring in Predicting Outcomes in Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Real-World Experience
Authors: Nikita Mehra, Prasanth Ganesan, Venkatraman Radhakrishnan, Trivadi S Ganesan, Manikandan Dhanushkodi, Shirley Sundersingh, S Krupa Shankar, Jayachandran P K, Krishnarathnam Kannan, Carthikeyan S M, Tenali Gnana Sagar
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 15227: Influence of Anemia and Peri-Interventional Blood Loss on the In-Stent Restenosis in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Ahmed Mashaly, Seung Woon Rha, Akram Youssef, Usama Alkomi, Byoung Geol Choi, Se Yeon Choi, Jae Kyeong Byun, Kareem Abdelshafi, Yoonjee Park, Won Young Jang, Woohyeun Kim, Eun Jin Park, Ja Yeon Choi, Jin Oh Na, Cheol Ung Choi, Eung Ju Kim, Chang Gyu Park, Hong Seog Seo, Axel Linke
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Anemia is known to be associated with increased cardiovascular events and increased mortality in patients after myocardial infarction. However, the impact of anemia or peri intervention...