tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
If You See Something, Say Something
Authors: Elizabeth A. Kitsis, Alan R. Fleischman
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
PS-143-High-dimensional profiling of immune response in cirrhosis: Key role for activated CD8+ T-cells and relationship with prognosis
Authors: Elsa Solà, Elisa Pose, Adria Juanola, Delia Blaya, Alana McSween, Julie Wilhelmy, David Louis, Marta Carol, Cristina Solé, Pau Sancho-Bru, Pere Ginès, Mark M Davis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Patient Satisfaction with Oral versus Intravenous Sedation for Cataract Surgery
Authors: Crandall E. Peeler, Catherine M. Villani, Marissa G. Fiorello, Hyunjoo J. Lee, Manju L. Subramanian, Manishi A. Desai, Nicole H. Siegel, Daniel J. Luther, Elizabeth S. Esparaz, Tony Pira, Babak Eliassi, Matthew Leidl, Steven Ness, Pavan Sekhar, Mark C. Norris, Wissam H. Mustafa, Stephen Zalewski
Journal: Ophthalmology (2019)
Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) as a potential biomarker reflecting myocardial lipid storage in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ricardo Rodríguez-Calvo, Josefa Girona, Marina Rodríguez, Sara Samino, Emma Barroso, David de Gonzalo-Calvo, Sandra Guaita-Esteruelas, Mercedes Heras, Rutger W. van der Meer, Hildo J. Lamb, Oscar Yanes, Xavier Correig, Vicenta Llorente-Cortés, Manuel Vázquez-Carrera, Lluis Masana
Journal: Metabolism (2019)
A safety extension study of anamorelin in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with cachexia: ROMANA 3.
Authors: David Christopher Currow, Jennifer S. Temel, Kenneth Fearon, Ying Yan, John Friend, Amy Pickar Abernethy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20715 Background: Cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome is a multifactorial condition, characterized by decreased body weight (mainly loss of lean body mass), which often occurs in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is associated with poor prognosis and impaired quality of life. Anamorelin HCl (ANAM) is a novel, oral selective ghrelin receptor agonist with appetite-enhancing and anabolic activity. Methods: ROMANA 1 and 2 (NCT01387269 and NCT01387282) are two global, double-blind, randomized, Phase 3 trials, assessing ANAM efficacy/safety in patients with unresectable stage III/IV NSCLC and cachexia ( ≥ 5% weight loss within prior 6 months or BMI < 20 kg/m2). Patients were randomized (2:1) to receive either daily oral 100 mg ANAM or placebo for 12 weeks. ROMANA 3 (NCT01395914) is the extension study; upon completion of ROMANA 1 or 2, patients with ECOG PS ≤ 2 had the option to continue their study treatment (ANAM or placebo) for a further 12 weeks. Patients were allowed to receive chemotherapy while on study. The primary endpoint was to assess safety and tolerability of ANAM. Results: Overall, 228 (44.4%) and 285 (55.6%) patients who completed ROMANA 1 and 2, respectively, were enrolled in ROMANA 3 (ANAM N = 345; placebo N = 168). Demographics at entry of ROMANA 3 were balanced between the treatment arms; the mean age was 62 years and most patients had an ECOG PS of 1 (72.3%) and had received chemotherapy (57.5%). Both ANAM- and placebo-treated patients had a similar incidence of treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs), whether related to treatment or not (52.2% vs 55.7%), grade ≥ 3 TEAEs (22.5% vs 21.6%), and serious TEAEs (12.8% vs 12.6%). Drug-related TEAEs were reported in 3.5% vs 1.2% of ANAM- vs placebo-treated patients, the most common being hyperglycemia (1.2% vs 0.0%); there were no drug-related grade ≥ 3 TEAEs, or drug-related serious TEAEs. In the ANAM and placebo arms there were 35 (10.2%) and 22 (13.2%) deaths, respectively, none of which were drug-related. Conclusions: In this ROMANA 3 safety extension study, ANAM treatment over 24 weeks was well tolerated and the incidence of TEAEs was similar in both ANAM- and placebo-treated patients with no new safety signals identified. Clinical trial information: NCT01395914.
Riociguat for treatment of pulmonary hypertension in COPD: a translational study
Authors: Alexandra Pichl, Natascha Sommer, Mariola Bednorz, Michael Seimetz, Stefan Hadzic, Stefan Kuhnert, Simone Kraut, Elsa T. Roxlau, Baktybek Kojonazarov, Jochen Wilhelm, Marija Gredic, Henning Gall, Khodr Tello, Manuel J. Richter, Oleg Pak, Aleksandar Petrovic, Matthias Hecker, Ralph T. Schermuly, Friedrich Grimminger, Werner Seeger, Hossein A. Ghofrani, Norbert Weissmann
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which comprises the phenotypes of chronic bronchitis and emphysema, is often associated with pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, currently, no approved therapy exists for PH-COPD. Signalling of the nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) axis plays an important role in PH and COPD.We investigated the treatment effect of riociguat, which promotes the NO-cGMP pathway, in the mouse model of smoke-induced PH and emphysema in a curative approach, and retrospectively analysed the effect of riociguat treatment on PH in single patients with PH-COPD.In mice with established PH and emphysema (after 8 months of cigarette smoke exposure), riociguat treatment for another 3 months fully reversed PH. Moreover, histological hallmarks of emphysema were decreased. Microarray analysis revealed involvement of different signalling pathways, e.g. related to matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). MMP activity was decreased in vivo by riociguat. In PH-COPD patients treated with riociguat (n=7), the pulmonary vascular resistance, airway resistance and circulating MMP levels decreased, while oxygenation at rest was not significantly changed.Riociguat may be beneficial for treatment of PH-COPD. Further long-term prospective studies are necessary to investigate the tolerability, efficacy on functional parameters and effect specifically on pulmonary emphysema in COPD patients.
Drug delivery systems designed to overcome antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Thanh‐Nhat Pham, Pauline Loupias, Alexandra Dassonville‐Klimpt, Pascal Sonnet
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2019)

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a huge challenge to the effective treatment of infectious diseases. Aside from a modest number of novel anti‐infective agents, very few new classes of antibiotics have been successfully developed for therapeutic use. Despite the research efforts of numerous scientists, the fight against antimicrobial (ATB) resistance has been a longstanding continued effort, as pathogens rapidly adapt and evolve through various strategies, to escape the action of ATBs. Among other mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics, the sophisticated envelopes surrounding microbes especially form a major barrier for almost all anti‐infective agents. In addition, the mammalian cell membrane presents another obstacle to the ATBs that target intracellular pathogens. To negotiate these biological membranes, scientists have developed drug delivery systems to help drugs traverse the cell wall; these are called “Trojan horse” strategies. Within these delivery systems, ATB molecules can be conjugated with one of many different types of carriers. These carriers could include any of the following: siderophores, antimicrobial peptides, cell‐penetrating peptides, antibodies, or even nanoparticles. In recent years, the Trojan horse‐inspired delivery systems have been increasingly reported as efficient strategies to expand the arsenal of therapeutic solutions and/or reinforce the effectiveness of conventional ATBs against drug‐resistant microbes, while also minimizing the side effects of these drugs. In this paper, we aim to review and report on the recent progress made in these newly prevalent ATB delivery strategies, within the current context of increasing ATB resistance.
SAT-410-Higher spleen iron content estimated by MRIT2* signal is associated with lower insulin-resistance in patients with dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome
Authors: Rayer Cassandra, Paisant Anita, Morcet Jeff, Gandon Yves, Deugnier Yves, Laine Fabrice, Edouard Bardou-Jacquet
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Bioprinting a Synthetic Smectic Clay for Orthopedic Applications
Authors: Samson Afewerki, Leila S. S. M. Magalhães, André D. R. Silva, Thiago D. Stocco, Edson C. Silva Filho, Fernanda R. Marciano, Anderson O. Lobo
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

Abstract Bioprinting technology has emerged as an important approach to bone and cartilage tissue engineering applications, because it allows the printing of scaffolds loaded with various components, such as cells, growth factors, or drugs. In this context, the bone has a very complex architecture containing highly vascularized and calcified tissues, while cartilage is avascular and has low cellularity and few nutrients. Owing to this complexity, the repair and regeneration of these tissues are highly challenging. Identification of the appropriate biomaterial and fabrication technologies can provide sustainable solutions to this challenge. Here, nanosized Laponite ® (Laponite is a trademark of the company BYK Additives Ltd.) has shown to be a promising material due to its unique properties such as excellent biocompatibility, facile gel formation, shear‐thinning property (reversible physical crosslinking), high specific surface area, degrade into nontoxic products, and with osteoinductive properties. Even though Laponite and Laponite‐based composite for 3D bioprinting application are considered as soft gels, they may therefore not be thought exhibiting sufficient mechanical strength for orthopedic applications. However, through the merging with suitable composite and, also by incorporation of crosslinking step, desired mechanical strength for orthopedic application can be obtained. In this review, recent advances and future perspective of bioprinting Laponite and Laponite composites for orthopedic applications are highlighted.
Clinicopathological characteristics with genetic profiling and prognostic analysis of primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma in Chinese south-eastern population
Authors: Y. Shen, F. Hu, B. Zhang, B.-H. Han
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is a rare form of lung cancer, since genetic alternations participate in the carcinogenesis in lung cancer, whether critical driver genes such as ROS1 fusion, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation play roles in LELC remains unclear. Methods: We collected a total of 30 LELC samples for genetic and prognosis analysis retrospectively in ShangHai Chest Hospital, EGFR gene mutation, ALK rearrangement and ROS1 fusion status were extracted from digital database. Clinicopathological characteristics with genetic profiling and survival were analyzed. Results: All samples appeared negative for genes (EGFR, ALK and ROS1) alternations detection. Female gender acted as an independently prognostic factor in poorer disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.034), and tumors locate in the left lobe associate with worse DFS in univariate analysis (significant trend, p = 0.051), moreover, serum positive NSE level also indicate a shorter DFS after adjustment (significant trend, p = 0.057). Most of LELC are diagnosed at early stage, with 93.3% (27/30) patients obtained the opportunities for surgery. Conclusions: Since no classical genetic alternations appeared in present study, more investigations of other genes distributions should be explored in the future for better understanding of this rare subtype of lung cancer. Serum positive NSE level seemed to be a prognostic biomarker for DFS in LELC patients. Legal entity responsible for the study: The authors. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Abstract P205: Meat Intake and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Mortality in Singapore Chinese Adults
Authors: Mohammad Talaei Pashiri, An Pan, Woon-Puay Koh
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent association between meat intake and coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality. We aimed to evaluate this association in a Chinese population with high fish intake and consumption of pork as red meat. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that intake of red meat, poultry, and fish/shellfish is associated with CHD mortality risk in an Asian population. Methods: The Singapore Chinese Health Study is a population-based cohort that recruited 63,257 Chinese adults aged 45-74 years from 1993 to 1998 in Singapore. A validated 165-item semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire was used to assess usual diet at recruitment, and mortality information was identified via registry linkage up to December 31, 2014. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate HRs (95% CI) with adjustment for potential confounders in 60,298 eligible participants free of self-reported CHD and stroke at baseline. Results: Median intake of total meat in this population was 95.9 g/d (interquartile range: 66.5-133), averagely comprised of 27.9% red meat, 18.3% poultry, and 53.6% fish/shellfish.During 981,983 person-years of follow-up, we identified 2,610 CHD deaths among 57,078 subjects who were free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. After controlling for socio-demographic, lifestyle and dietary factors including intakes of poultry and fish/shellfish, red meat intake was associated with increased CHD mortality risk (HR comparing highest vs. lowest quartiles 1.17; 95% CI 1.04-1.32; P-trend=0.005), which became insignificant after adjusting for cholesterol intake (1.11; 0.97-1.26; P-trend=0.11). Conversely, an inverse association was observed for poultry intake (0.88; 0.78-0.99; P-trend=0.03) which remained significant when adjusted for dietary cholesterol (0.85; 0.75-0.96; P-trend=0.007). Fish/shellfish intake was marginally associated with decreased risk of CHD mortality after adjusting for cholesterol (0.91; 0.80-1.03; P-trend=0.045). Dietary cholesterol was associated with an increased risk even after adjusting for intake of red meat, poultry, and fish/shellfish (1.22; 1.07-1.39; P-trend=0.002) or dietary saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, n-3, and n-6 (1.23; 1.07-1.42; P-trend=0.003). Conclusions: In this large cohort study of Chinese adults, red meat intake was associated with a higher risk of CHD mortality that was partly mediated by its cholesterol content. Conversely, poultry was related to a lower risk of CHD mortality.
Abstract MP086: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Predictors of Poor Sleep Among Adolescent Girls and Young Adult Women
Authors: Deborah R Young, Wendy Troxel, Margo A Sidell, Michael A Grandner, Yasmina D Mohan
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Sleep is important for the psychosocial and physical health of adolescents and young adults. Predictors of poor sleep include family demographics and living situation, neighborhood factors, psychosocial health and health behaviors. Previous studies have examined these associations across the range of adolescence, without considering how they may differ across adolescent stages or into young adulthood. We examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal predictors of poor sleep among a cohort of 474 girls at 3 distinct ages: 14, 17, and 22 years. We used the item “during the past week my sleep was restless” to define sleep quality. Responses were categorized as poor sleep “no” (restless sleep “rarely or none of the time” or “some or a little of the time”) or “yes” (restless sleep “a lot of the time” or most or all of the time”). Independent variables were chosen from previous research examining demographic, psychosocial, and behavioral predictors of sleep quality among adolescents; race/ethnicity, family structure, socioeconomic status, neighborhood crime, depressive symptoms (excluding the sleep item) (all assessed from self-report), and physical activity and sedentary time (assessed from accelerometers). About 46% of the cohort was white, 25% Black, and 20% Hispanic. At each age, about 25% reported poor sleep, with 50% reporting no restless sleep at any time and 4.2% reporting restless sleep at all 3 time points. Cross-sectional correlates are displayed in the Table. Fully-adjusted longitudinal predictors of restless sleep were higher depression scores (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.11) and fewer sedentary minutes (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.99, 0.99). Results demonstrate that sleep problems are prevalent across adolescence and persist into early adulthood. While correlates change over time, depressive symptoms and sedentary time are consistently predictive of sleep quality. Interventions that focus on improving mental health and increasing physical activity may also benefit sleep quality among adolescents and young adults.
Exercising our options: comparing effects of exercise and positive expiratory pressure on mucociliary clearance
Authors: Scott H. Donaldson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

<b>This editorial discusses the paper by Dwyer and co-workers: “Effects of exercise and airway clearance (PEP) on mucus clearance in cystic fibrosis”, including implications for clinical care and future research</b>http://ow.ly/3P6X30o6EaK
Utilization rates of stereotactic body radiation therapy for the treatment of stage I NSCLC in three European countries
Authors: R. Damhuis, S. Senan, A. Khakwani, S. Harden, A. Helland, T.-E. Strand
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has become increasingly accepted as a treatment for patients with inoperable early stage lung cancer. We studied the patterns of treatment utilization for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in three European countries in patients diagnosed in 2015-2016. Methods: Information from population-based registries in England, Norway and the Netherlands were retrieved, and treatment patterns and two-year survival for patients with clinical stage I were analysed. Results: Resection rates were higher in Norway (55%) and England (53%) than in the Netherlands (47%). SBRT use was highest in the Netherlands (41%), followed by Norway (29%) and England (12%). Failure to perform curative intent treatment was more common in England (26%) than either Norway (13%) or the Netherlands (9%). In patients treated with SBRT, pathology confirmation of diagnosis was more common in Norway (70-73%) than in England (44-51%) or the Netherlands (47-50%). Two-year survival rates were better for surgery than for SBRT or conventional radiotherapy and treatment-specific survival was higher in Norway than in the other two countries. Conclusions: For clinical stage I NSCLC, SBRT has largely replaced conventional radiotherapy in both Norway and the Netherlands, while just 67% of radiotherapy patients in England receive SBRT. The proportion of patients not receiving any curative treatment was higher in England, especially in the elderly. Legal entity responsible for the study: The authors. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: S. Senan: Research grants: Varian Medical Systems, ViewRayInc; Membership of advisory boards: AstraZeneca, MSD. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Abstract P213: Industry and Non-Profit Partnerships as an Effective Model for Implementation of Community-Based Nutrition Interventions
Authors: Dorothea Vafiadis, Liz McKnight, Heather Gavras, Karen Robb, Meg Denning, Christina Shay
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Consuming fruits, vegetables and whole grains is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Community-based nutrition programs are an effective approach to changing attitudes and behaviors around food and health in underserved populations. The American Heart Association and Aramark launched Healthy for Life 20 by 20, a five-year initiative to increase fruits, vegetables and whole grains by 20 percent. A major focus of their collaboration was the development and implementation of a 12-week community-delivered nutrition engagement pilot. The purpose of this pilot was to evaluate the effectiveness of this health program in improving healthy food purchasing behaviors, nutrition and lifestyle choices. Methods: A 12-week pilot intervention was designed and implemented in three cities at five community centers March-June 2016. Weekly sessions were focused on enhancement of healthy cooking and shopping skills, nutrition education, and assessment of personal cardiovascular risk factors. Participating centers had the option to choose from two delivery methods: optimal and flexible. Participant fruit and vegetable intake, whole grain intake, and number of meals prepared at home were assessed before and after completion of the intervention. Results: Study participants (n=119) were predominately female (79%), Hispanic (60%) and African-American (27%), had high school or lower educational attainment (67%), lower income (39% &lt; $20K, 40% $20K-$39.9K), young and middle ages (45% &lt;34 years old, 27% 35-44), and 52% had ≥ 2 children living in their household. Three-quarters of participants (76%) had no previous experience participating in health and wellness programs. The median consumption of fruits/vegetables among participants increased by 2 servings/day (3.0 to 5.0) and over two-thirds of participants (69%) increased their fruit/vegetable consumption by at least 1/2 a serving. The median consumption of whole grains increased by 1 serving/day (1.0 to 2.0) and half (48%) of participants increased their whole grain consumption by at least 1 serving. Forty-five percent of participants (n=87) increased their percentage of eaten meals prepared at home each week. Conclusions: The use of industry and non-profit partnerships in a community engagement format can be an effective way to facilitate programs focused on increasing consumer trust for shopping and cooking, to build confidence of new skills, and to empower individuals to improve their health and potentially the health of their family. These results suggest that this community engagement partnership approach can positively transform health in communities and drive the American Heart Association’s goal of improving Americans’ health by 20% by 2020.