tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CD23 expression on switched memory B cells bridges T‐B cell interaction in allergic rhinitis
Authors: Yin Yao, Nan Wang, Cai‐Ling Chen, Li Pan, Zhi‐Chao Wang, Joseph Yunis, Zhi‐An Chen, Yu Zhang, Si‐Tao Hu, Xiao‐Yan Xu, Rong‐Fei Zhu, Di Yu, Zheng Liu
Journal: Allergy (2020)

Abstract Background The contribution of B‐cell subsets and T‐B cell interaction to the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR) and mechanisms of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to outline circulating B‐cell signature, the underlying mechanism, and its association with clinical response to AIT in patients with AR. Methods IgD/CD27 and CD24/CD38 core gating systems were used to determine frequencies and phenotypes of B cells. Correlations between B cells, T cells, antigen‐specific IgE, and disease severity in AR patients were investigated. Switched memory B cells were co‐cultured with type 2 follicular helper T (Tfh2) cells and follicular regulatory T (Tfr) cells. Associations between B‐cell subsets and clinical benefits of AIT were analyzed. Results Frequencies and absolute numbers of circulating memory B cells were increased in AR patients. CD23 expression on CD19 + CD20 + CD27 + IgD − switched memory B cells was significantly enhanced and positively correlated with antigen‐specific IgE levels, symptom scores, and Tfh2/Tfr cell ratio in AR patients. Compared with those from healthy controls, Tfh2 cells from AR patients had a greater capacity to induce CD23 expression on switched memory B cells via IL‐4, which was unable to be sufficiently suppressed by AR‐associated Tfr cells with defective IL‐10 expression. CD23 expression on switched memory B cells was downregulated after 12‐month AIT, which positively associated with disease remission in AR patients. Conclusion T‐B cell interaction, bridged by CD23 expression particularly on switched memory B cells, may be involved in the disease pathogenesis and mechanism of AIT in patients with AR.
REDUCTION IN RADIATION AND CONTRAST DOSE IN TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT OVER TIME: A SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Edwin Grajeda, Abdulah Alrifai, Mohamad Kabach, Jesus Pino, Fergie Ramos Tuarez, Swethika Sundaravel, Pradeep Dayanand, Eduardo Venegas, Lawrence Lovitz, Mark Rothenberg, Roberto Cubeddu, George Daniel, Eric Heller, Cristiano Faber, Robert Chait, Marcos Nores
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder predisposes to metabolic abnormalities in adulthood
Authors: Olivia Weeks, Gabriel D. Bossé, Isaac M. Oderberg, Sebastian Akle, Yariv Houvras, Paul J. Wrighton, Kyle LaBella, Isabelle Iversen, Sahar Tavakoli, Isaac Adatto, Arkadi Schwartz, Daan Kloosterman, Allison Tsomides, Michael E. Charness, Randall T. Peterson, Matthew L. Steinhauser, Pouneh K. Fazeli, Wolfram Goessling
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) affects at least 10% of newborns globally and leads to the development of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs). Despite its high incidence, there is no consensus on the implications of PAE on metabolic disease risk in adults. Here, we describe a cohort of adults with FASDs that had an increased incidence of metabolic abnormalities, including type 2 diabetes, low HDL, high triglycerides, and female-specific overweight and obesity. Using a zebrafish model for PAE, we performed population studies to elucidate the metabolic disease seen in the clinical cohort. Embryonic alcohol exposure (EAE) in male zebrafish increased the propensity for diet-induced obesity and fasting hyperglycemia in adulthood. We identified several consequences of EAE that may contribute to these phenotypes, including a reduction in adult locomotor activity, alterations in visceral adipose tissue and hepatic development, and persistent diet-responsive transcriptional changes. Taken together, our findings define metabolic vulnerabilities due to EAE and provide evidence that behavioral changes and primary organ dysfunction contribute to resultant metabolic abnormalities.
CHANGES OF NATRIURETIC PEPTIDES PREDICT HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Gianluigi Savarese, Francesca Musella, Carmen D'Amore, Enrico Vassallo, Teresa Losco, Milena Cecere, Laura Petraglia, Bruno Trimarco, Pasquale Perrone-Filardi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Prevalence of Diabetes Medication Intensifications in Older Adults Discharged From US Veterans Health Administration Hospitals
Authors: Timothy S. Anderson, Sei Lee, Bocheng Jing, Kathy Fung, Sarah Ngo, Molly Silvestrini, Michael A. Steinman
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Elevated blood glucose levels are common in hospitalized older adults and may lead clinicians to intensify outpatient diabetes medications at discharge, risking potential overtreatment when patients return home. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess how often hospitalized older adults are discharged with intensified diabetes medications and the likelihood of benefit associated with these intensifications. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This retrospective cohort study examined patients aged 65 years and older with diabetes not previously requiring insulin. The study included patients who were hospitalized in a Veterans Health Administration hospital for common medical conditions between 2011 and 2013. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Intensification of outpatient diabetes medications, defined as receiving a new or higher-dose medication at discharge than was being taken prior to hospitalization. Mixed-effect logistic regression models were used to control for patient and hospitalization characteristics. <h3>Results</h3> Of 16 178 patients (mean [SD] age, 73 [8] years; 15 895 [98%] men), 8535 (53%) had a preadmission hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub>(HbA<sub>1c</sub>) level less than 7.0%, and 1044 (6%) had an HbA<sub>1c</sub>level greater than 9.0%. Overall, 1626 patients (10%) were discharged with intensified diabetes medications including 781 (5%) with new insulins and 557 (3%) with intensified sulfonylureas. Nearly half of patients receiving intensifications (49% [791 of 1626]) were classified as being unlikely to benefit owing to limited life expectancy or already being at goal HbA<sub>1c</sub>, while 20% (329 of 1626) were classified as having potential to benefit. Both preadmission HbA<sub>1c</sub>level and inpatient blood glucose recordings were associated with discharge with intensified diabetes medications. Among patients with a preadmission HbA<sub>1c</sub>level less than 7.0%, the predicted probability of receiving an intensification was 4% (95% CI, 3%-4%) for patients without elevated inpatient blood glucose levels and 21% (95% CI, 15%-26%) for patients with severely elevated inpatient blood glucose levels. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this study, 1 in 10 older adults with diabetes hospitalized for common medical conditions was discharged with intensified diabetes medications. Nearly half of these individuals were unlikely to benefit owing to limited life expectancy or already being at their HbA<sub>1c</sub>goal.
OUTPATIENT TRENDS IN DUAL ANTIPLATELET THERAPY FOLLOWING ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AND PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
Authors: Ron Waksman, Kyle Buchanan, M. Chadi Alraies, Toby Rogers, Arie Steinvil, Edward Koifman, Rebecca Torguson, Jiaxiang Gai, Itsik Ben-Dor, Augusto Pichard, Lowell Satler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
COVID-19 and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
Authors: Ankit B. Patel, Ashish Verma
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Matt Arentz, MD; Eric Yim, MD; Lindy Klaff, MD; Sharukh Lokhandwala, MD, MSc; Francis X. Riedo, MD; Maria Chong, MD; Melissa Lee, MD
TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT IN ONCOLOGY PATIENTS WITH AORTIC STENOSIS
Authors: Uri Landes, Ayman Jubran, Sung-Han Yoon, Maurizio Taramasso, Marco Russo, Jan-Malte Sinning, Biasco Luigi, Giovanni Pedrazzini, Azeem Latib, Matteo Pagnesi, Corrado Tamburino, Paolo D’ Arrigo, Thomas Pilgrim, Didier Tchetche, Omer Iftikhar, Johan Bosmans, Edo Bedzra, Danny Dvir, Darren Mylotte, Sabine De Bruijn, Yusuke Watanabe, Hanna Dagnegård, Susheel K. Kodali, Martin B. Leon, Ran Kornowski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
POST-PROCEDURAL HYPOTENSION AFTER PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Jee-Eun Kwon, Sang-Wook Kim, Wang-Soo Lee, Seong Hyeop Hyeon, Joon Hwa Hong, Sharath Kumar, Eun Young Kim, Kwang Je Lee, Chee Jeong Kim, Dai Yun Cho, Tae Ho Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Quantitative ultrasound approaches for diagnosis and monitoring hepatic steatosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Amir M. Pirmoazen, Aman Khurana, Ahmed El Kaffas, Aya Kamaya
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a major global health concern with increasing prevalence, associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Recently, quantitative ultrasound-based imaging techniques have dramatically improved the ability of ultrasound to detect and quantify hepatic steatosis. These newer ultrasound techniques possess many inherent advantages similar to conventional ultrasound such as universal availability, real-time capability, and relatively low cost along with quantitative rather than a qualitative assessment of liver fat. In addition, quantitative ultrasound-based imaging techniques are less operator dependent than traditional ultrasound. Here we review several different emerging quantitative ultrasound-based approaches used for detection and quantification of hepatic steatosis in patients at risk for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. We also briefly summarize other clinically available imaging modalities for evaluating hepatic steatosis such as MRI, CT, and serum analysis.
Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Asthma-Related Emergency Department Visits Among World Trade Center Rescue and Recovery Workers and Survivors
Authors: Jennifer Brite, Howard E. Alper, Stephen Friedman, Erin Takemoto, James Cone
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Although the association between poor economic or social standing and health is well established, few studies have attempted to examine the mediational pathways that produce adverse outcomes in disadvantaged populations.To determine whether barriers to care mediate the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and asthma-related emergency department (ED) visits.This cohort study used data from the World Trade Center Health Registry, which comprises rescue and recovery workers and community members who worked, lived, studied or were otherwise present in downtown Manhattan, New York, during or immediately after the September 11, 2001, disaster. Data were matched to an administrative database of ED visits. Those who experienced an asthma-related ED visit and those who did not were compared in bivariate analysis. A mediation analysis was conducted to determine the role of barriers to care in the association between number of ED visits and SES.Education, income, and race/ethnicity, which were collected at first survey in 2003 to 2004.Asthma-related ED visits that occurred after survey responses regarding barriers to care were collected (2006-2007) but before 2016, the latest date that data were available.The analytic sample included 30 452 enrollees (18 585 [61%] male; median [interquartile range] age, 42.0 [35.0-50.0] years; 20 180 [66%] white, 3834 [13%] African American, and 3961 [13%] Hispanic or Latino [any race]). Approximately half (49%) had less than a bachelor's degree, and 15% had an annual income less than $35 000. Those of lower SES were more likely to experience an asthma-related ED visit. Although number of barriers to care mediated this association, they explained only a small percentage of the overall health disparity (ranging from 3.0% [95% CI, 2.3%-3.9%]) of the differences between African American and white individuals to 9.8% [95% CI, 7.7%-11.9%]) comparing those with less than a high school diploma to those with at least a bachelor's degree. However, the association varied by specific barrier to care. Lack of money, insurance, and transportation mediated up to 11.8% (95% CI, 8.1%-15.9%), 12.5% (95% CI, 8.5%-17.4%), and 4.3% (95% CI, 1.7%-8.4%), respectively, of the association between SES and number of ED visits. Lack of childcare, not knowing where to go for care, and inability to find a health care professional mediated a smaller or no percentage of the association.The identification of vulnerable subpopulations is an important goal to reduce the burden of asthma-related hospital care. More research is needed to fully understand all of the pathways that lead disaster survivors of lower SES to disproportionately experience ED visits due to asthma.
IMPACT OF ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF THE LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE ON OUTCOMES AFTER CRYOABLATION FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Muhammed Ulvi Yalcin, Duygu Kocyigit, Kadri Gurses, Gamze Turk, Selin Ardalı, Ugur Canpolat, Banu Evranos, Hikmet Yorgun, Mehmet Levent Sahiner, Ergun Barıs Kaya, Tuncay Hazirolan, Kudret Aytemir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Inaccuracies Regarding the Joint Commission Newborn Identification Standard—Reply
Authors: Gary L. Freed
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Intestinal gluconeogenesis prevents obesity-linked liver steatosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Justine Vily-Petit, Maud Soty-Roca, Marine Silva, Margaux Raffin, Amandine Gautier-Stein, Fabienne Rajas, Gilles Mithieux
Journal: Gut (2020)

Objective Hepatic steatosis accompanying obesity is a major health concern, since it may initiate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and associated complications like cirrhosis or cancer. Intestinal gluconeogenesis (IGN) is a recently described function that contributes to the metabolic benefits of specific macronutrients as protein or soluble fibre, via the initiation of a gut-brain nervous signal triggering brain-dependent regulations of peripheral metabolism. Here, we investigate the effects of IGN on liver metabolism, independently of its induction by the aforementioned macronutrients. Design To study the specific effects of IGN on hepatic metabolism, we used two transgenic mouse lines: one is knocked down for and the other overexpresses glucose-6-phosphatase, the key enzyme of endogenous glucose production, specifically in the intestine. Results We report that mice with a genetic overexpression of IGN are notably protected from the development of hepatic steatosis and the initiation of NAFLD on a hypercaloric diet. The protection relates to a diminution of de novo lipogenesis and lipid import, associated with benefits at the level of inflammation and fibrosis and linked to autonomous nervous system. Conversely, mice with genetic suppression of IGN spontaneously exhibit increased hepatic triglyceride storage associated with activated lipogenesis pathway, in the context of standard starch-enriched diet. The latter is corrected by portal glucose infusion mimicking IGN. Conclusion We conclude that IGN per se has the capacity of preventing hepatic steatosis and its eventual evolution toward NAFLD.
Multicenter Emergency Department Validation of the Canadian Syncope Risk Score
Authors: Venkatesh Thiruganasambandamoorthy, Marco L. A. Sivilotti, Natalie Le Sage, Justin W. Yan, Paul Huang, Mona Hegdekar, Eric Mercier, Muhammad Mukarram, Marie-Joe Nemnom, Andrew D. McRae, Brian H. Rowe, Ian G. Stiell, George A. Wells, Andrew D. Krahn, Monica Taljaard
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

The management of patients with syncope in the emergency department (ED) is challenging because no robust risk tool available has been recommended for clinical use.To validate the Canadian Syncope Risk Score (CSRS) in a new cohort of patients with syncope to determine its ability to predict 30-day serious outcomes not evident during index ED evaluation.This prospective multicenter cohort study conducted at 9 EDs across Canada included patients 16 years and older who presented to EDs within 24 hours of syncope. Patients were enrolled from March 2014 to April 2018.Baseline characteristics, CSRS predictors, and 30-day adjudicated serious outcomes, including arrhythmic (arrhythmias, interventions for arrhythmia, or unknown cause of death) and nonarrhythmic (myocardial infarction, structural heart disease, pulmonary embolism, or hemorrhage) serious outcomes, were collected. Calibration and discrimination characteristics for CSRS validation were calculated.A total of 3819 patients were included (mean [SD] age 53.9 [22.8] years; 2088 [54.7%] female), of whom 139 (3.6%) experienced 30-day serious outcomes, including 13 patients (0.3%) who died. In the validation cohort, there were no differences between the predicted and observed risk, the calibration slope was 1.0, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88-0.93). The empirical probability of a 30-day serious outcome during validation was 3.64% (95% CI, 3.09%-4.28%) compared with the model-predicted probability of 3.17% (95% CI, 2.66%-3.77%; P = .26). The proportion of patients with 30-day serious outcomes increased from 3 of 1631 (0.3%) in the very-low-risk group to 40 of 78 (51.3%) in the very-high-risk group (Cochran-Armitage trend test P < .001). There was a similar significant increase in the serious outcome subtypes with increasing CSRS risk category. None of the very-low-risk and low-risk patients died or experienced ventricular arrhythmia. At a threshold score of -1 (2145 of 3819 patients), the CSRS sensitivity and specificity were 97.8% (95% CI, 93.8%-99.6%) and 44.3% (95% CI, 42.7%-45.9%), respectively.The CSRS was successfully validated and its use is recommended to guide ED management of patients when serious causes are not identified during index ED evaluation. Very-low-risk and low-risk patients can generally be discharged, while brief hospitalization can be considered for high-risk patients. We believe CSRS implementation has the potential to improve patient safety and health care efficiency.
ASSESSMENT OF CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS USING CALCIUM SCORES IN SHORT AND LONG DISTANCE RUNNERS
Authors: Omar Jafar, Jason Friedman, Ian Bogdanowicz, Aamir Muneer, Julie Ling, Anthony Messina, Michael Yen, Ian Portelli, Pranav Varanasi, Kamran Haleem
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
SRGN crosstalks with YAP to maintain chemoresistance and stemness in breast cancer cells by modulating HDAC2 expression
Authors: Zhijie Zhang, Ni Qiu, Jiang Yin, Jianlei Zhang, Hao Liu, Wei Guo, Meijun Liu, Ting Liu, Danyang Chen, Kai Luo, Hongsheng Li, Zhimin He, Jinbao Liu, Guopei Zheng
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Background: Chemoresistance is a significant obstacle to the effective treatment of breast cancer (BC), resulting in more aggressive behavior and worse clinical outcome.The molecular mechanisms underlying breast cancer chemoresistance remain unclear.Our microarray analysis had identified the overexpression of a small molecular glycoprotein serglycin (SRGN) in multidrug-resistant BC cells.Here, we aimed to investigate the role of SRGN in chemoresistance of breast cancer and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.Methods: SRNG overexpression was identified using microarray analysis and its clinical relevance was analyzed.To investigate the role of SRGN, we performed various in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as characterization of serum and tissue samples from BC patients.Chemosensitivity measurement, gene expression interference, immunofluorescence staining, mammosphere assay, flow cytometry analysis, luciferase reporter assay, ChIP-qPCR, coimmunoprecipitation, and immunohistochemistry were performed to explore the potential functions and mechanisms of SRGN.Results: We confirmed overexpression of SRGN in chemoresistant BC cells and in serum and tissue samples from BC patients with poor response to chemotherapy.SRGN specifically predicted poor prognosis in BC patients receiving chemotherapy.Mechanistically, SRGN promoted chemoresistance both in vitro and in vivo by cross-talking with the transcriptional coactivator YES-associated protein (YAP) to maintain stemness in BC cells.Ectopic YAP expression restored the effects of SRGN knockdown.Inversely, YAP knockdown rescued the effects of SRGN overexpression.The secreted SRGN triggered ITGA5/FAK/CREB signaling to enhance YAP transcription.Reciprocally, YAP promoted SRGN transcription in a TEAD1-dependent manner to form a feed-forward circuit.Moreover, the YAP/RUNX1 complex promoted HDAC2 transcription to induce chemoresistance and stemness in BC cells.Importantly, the SRGN levels were positively correlated with the YAP and HDAC2 levels in chemoresistant BC tissues.YAP and HDAC2 acted downstream of SRNG and correlated with poor outcomes of BC patients receiving chemotherapy. Ivyspring
Managing mental health challenges faced by healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Neil Greenberg, Mary Docherty, Sam Gnanapragasam, Simon Wessely
Journal: BMJ (2020)

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TCT-657 Multi Center, Prospective, Randomized, Single Blind, Consecutive Enrollment Evaluation Of Elixir DESyneTM Novolimus-Eluting Coronary Stent System With Durable Polymer To Endeavor Zotarolimus-Eluting Coronary Stent System: 3-Year Clinical and 9-Month Angiographic And IVUS Results: EXCELLA II Study
Authors: Stefan Verheye, Christophe Dubois, Karl-Eugen Hauptmann, John Ormiston, James Stewart, Joachim Schofer, Karl Stangl, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Marcus Wiemer, Emanuele Barbato, Peter Fitzgerald, Hiromasa Otake, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)