tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Measurement of neutrophil elastase, citric acid and pH in prostatic fluid of type III prostatitis
Authors: Bao-long Wang, Zhi-chun Dong
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Objective
To measure the levels of neutrophil elastase (NE), citric acid and pH in prostatic fluid of patients with prostatitis type Ⅲ.


Methods
Fifty two patients with prostatitis type ⅢA, 98 patients with prostatitis type ⅢB and 105 health subjects were enrolled in the study. The levels of NE, citric acid and pH in prostatic fluid were measured; the expressed prostatic secretion(EPS)routine and bacterial culture were examined, and National Institutes of Health (NIH)-chronic prostatitis symptom index (NIH-CPSI) was evaluated. The data were analyzed by independent samples t-test.


Results
WBC count, NE and citric acid concentrations, pH in Ⅲ A group were (17.9±5.4)/HP, (898±704)μg/L and (14.5±1.7) ng/L, 7.60±0.43, respectively; those in ⅢB group were (3.9±2.2)/HP, (93±76)μg/L and (21.9±3.8) ng/L, 6.71±0.25, respectively; those in control group were (3.6±2.2)/HP, (86±57)μg/L and (22.5±3.9)ng/L, 6.48±0.51, respectively. There were significant differences in NE and citrate concentrations, pH value in EPS between Ⅲ A and Ⅲ B patients (t=8.22, 16.64 and 13.88, all P 0.05). There were significant differences in WBC count, NE and citric acid concentrations, pH in EPS, NIH-CPSI score between Ⅲ A and control groups (t=18.92, 8.47, 26.53, 18.37 and 32.47, all P 0.05), but there was significant difference in NIH-CPSI score between two groups (t=49.46, P<0.05). In EPS, NE concentration and WBC count were positively correlated with NIH-CPSI (r=0.819 and 0.698, respectively, all P<0.01), and citric acid was negatively correlated (r=-0.625, P<0.01); citrate was negatively correlated with WBC count, CPSI and pH value (r=-0.728, -0.644 and -0.817, all P<0.01).


Conclusions
The results indicate that the measurements of NE, citric acid and pH in EPS are of significant clinical value in patients with prostatitis type Ⅲ A and Ⅲ B.


Key words: 
Prostatitis; Leukocyte elastase; Citric acid; pH value
Medication treatment of 150 elderly patients with serious chronic congestive heart failure
Authors: Lu-hong Wang, Ai-ping Bai, Jun-qing Lui, Jing Yuan
Journal: BMJ (2008)

We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of 150 elderly patients with serious chronic congestive heart failure who admitted in 1986, 1996 or 2006, including medication treatment, hospital stay,and admission interval. The results indicated that before 1990s, digitalis, diuretics, and blood vessel dilating agents were more often used in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure(digitalis=100%,diuretics≥95%, blood vessel dilating agents>50%, β-blocker<10%, ACEI/ARB = 0% ). Since 1990s,the use of β-blocker, ACEI and ARB increased, which resulted in reduced hospital stay and increased admission interval(P<0.01). Our investigation suggests that evidence-based medication could be necessary in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic congestive heart failure.

Key words: 
Heart failure, congestive;  Elderly
The Role of Neighborhood Social Characteristics on the Epigenome—Why the Lack of Investigations?
Authors: Erin C. Dunn
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Aaron Reuben, MEM; Karen Sugden, PhD; Louise Arseneault, PhD; David L. Corcoran, PhD; Andrea Danese, MD, PhD; Helen L. Fisher, PhD; Terrie E. Moffitt, PhD; Joanne B. Newbury, PhD; Candice Odgers, PhD; Joey Prinz, BA; Line J. H. Rasmussen, PhD; Ben Williams, BSc; Jonathan Mill, PhD; Avshalom Caspi, PhD
Evaluation of cancer patients comfort with and interest in interacting with various social robot configurations in a clinical environment.
Authors: Julio Hajdenberg, Tomas Dvorak, Diane Robinson, Christopher Spencer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e14112 Background: Our group is interested in designing and programming social robots that augment our staff capabilities in performing different cognitive tasks in the clinic. This study examined patients' interest and comfort with various robot form factors, when screened for distress as part of a routine patient evaluation. Methods: 199 Patients (N) (Power &gt; .80) were presented 7 commercially available robot forms and rated their comfort and interest in interacting with each one on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Agree, 3 = Neutral, 5 = Strongly disagree).One sample t-tests compared the difference between the overall mean ratings and neutral point for comfort and interest. Independent samples t-test examined sex differences in overall ratings. Robust ANOVAs and post-hoc tests compared ratings across forms. Results: Results indicated significant interest and comfort in interacting with any robot tested, with men more interested and comfortable (see Table). Robust ANOVA indicated significant main effects for robot type ( Q comfort = 31 .12; Q interaction = 26 .52 , ps &lt; .005) and sex ( Q comfort = 21 .74; Q interaction = 19 .35 , ps &lt; .005) on comfort and interest. Post-hoc tests indicated that taller and narrower robots were least favored; however, there was no clear preferred form. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that patients are comfortable and interested in interacting with a robot, with men more comfortable and interested. Across robot forms, the taller and narrower forms were less favorable to patients. Future implementations of robotic interfaces may wish to avoid taller and narrower form factors. These data have informed the current model being tested in our clinics, which will be available for display. [Table: see text]
Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Is a Potential Biomarker of Disease-Free Survival in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of PD-L1 Immunoexpression in Follicular Epithelial Derived Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Ilaria Girolami, Liron Pantanowitz, Ozgur Mete, Matteo Brunelli, Stefano Marletta, Chiara Colato, Pierpaolo Trimboli, Anna Crescenzi, Massimo Bongiovanni, Mattia Barbareschi, Albino Eccher
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2020)
NOGGO Ov-42/MAMOC: Rucaparib maintenance after bevacizumab maintenance following carboplatin-based first line-chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients.
Authors: Elena Ioana Braicu, Pauline Wimberger, Rolf Richter, Maren Keller, Petra Krabisch, Mustafa Deryal, Ingo B. Runnebaum, Ralf Witteler, Nikola Bangemann, Frederik Marmé, Michael Eichbaum, Florian Heitz, Barbara Schmalfeldt, Eva Egger, Dorothea Fischer, Radoslav Chekerov, Jacek P. Grabowski, Jalid Sehouli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

TPS6102 Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is associated with the highest mortality rates among gynecological malignancies, with most patients being diagnosed in advanced stages. The most common histological subtype is high grade serous OC, which is characterized by deficiency in homologous recombination. Debulking surgery, followed by platinum based chemotherapy and bevacizumab (bev), followed by maintenance therapy with bev, is the standard therapy for advanced BRCA wild type (BRCAwt) OC patients in Germany. BRCA mutant patients will receive maintenance with olaparib, according to SOLO1 data. The anticancer effects of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) seem to be increased by the addition of antiangiogenic drugs. Preclinical data showed increased HRD in tumors pretreated with bev, and clinical trials showed a benefit of the combination of antiangiogenic drugs and PARPi vs. PARPi alone. NOGGO Ov-42/MAMOC trial (NCT04227522) is a phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled study evaluating rucaparib maintenance following bevacizumab maintenance for the treatment of advanced primary high grade BRCAwt OC. Methods: 190 patients with histologically confirmed advanced (FIGO stage IIIA- IV of the 2014 FIGO classification) high grade serous or high grade endometrioid (based on local histopathological findings) OC, fallopian tube cancer, primary peritoneal cancer or clear cell carcinoma of the ovary will be randomized 2:1 to receive either rucaparib 600mg BID or placebo as maintenance therapy following first line chemotherapy with 6 cycles of Carboplatin/Paclitaxel and at least 12 cycles of bev, given together with chemotherapy and as maintenance. Only BRCAwt patients will be included in the trial. Randomization is stratified by surgery planned timepoint (neoadjuvant vs. adjuvant), surgical outcome (no residual tumor mass vs. residual tumor mass), response to chemotherapy followed by bev (CR/NED vs. PR/SD) and study center. Treatment will continue for 24 months or until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal. Primary endpoint is PFS in BRCAwt patients per RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints are PFS2, quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30/OV28, FSI, SF-12, PROC-CTCAE, every day memory questionnaire), daily activity, time to next medical intervention, time to next subsequent therapy, safety assessments and OS. Clinical trial information: NCT04227522.
抑郁与焦虑所致的失眠
Authors: 季建林
Journal: BMJ (2008)

失眠在普通人群中非常多见,并且也是内科门诊中常见的求医主诉.所谓失眠,是指睡眠时间不足或睡眠质量降低,最常见的症状为人睡困难(上床后至少半小时以上仍未入睡)、早醒(指凌晨3～4点钟便醒来,且再入睡困难)或眠浅多梦;失眠者在白天可出现精神不振、疲乏、易激惹、困倦和注意力集中困难等表现[1].但如果仅有夜间失眠而白天自身感觉良好、精力充沛,那可能并非真正的失眠.根据国内近年来的一些调查发现,普通城市人群中在过去1年里曾有过失眠经历的人约占44%左右,但真正接受规范药物治疗的失眠者不足10%.
Exploitation of treatment induced tumor lysis to enhance sensitivity of ctDNA analysis: A first-in-human pilot study.
Authors: Daniel Adam Breadner, Mark David Vincent, Rohann Jonathan Mark Correa, Morgan Black, Andrew Warner, Melody Qu, Diane Logan, Michael Susmoy Sanatani, Jawaid Younus, Brian P Yaremko, George Rodrigues, Phillip S. Blanchette, Joanna Laba, Vasudeva Bhat, Clive D. Morris, Emma Green, Greg Jones, Alison L Allan, David A. Palma, Jacques Raphael
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

3530 Background: Blood based liquid biopsies examining circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) have increasing applications in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Limitations in sensitivity remains a barrier to ctDNA replacing tissue-based testing. There is a paucity of data regarding the dynamics of ctDNA levels in the hours to days following a new treatment. We hypothesize that chemotherapy or radiation will yield an increased abundance of ctDNA in plasma by inducing tumor lysis, allowing for the detection of genetic alterations that were occult in baseline testing. Methods: Two prospective cohorts of 20 patients (pts) with stage III/IV NSCLC were enrolled. Cohort 1 (C1) contained pts starting the first cycle of platinum doublet chemoradiation (C1a, n=10) or the first cycle of platinum doublet cytotoxic chemotherapy ± immunotherapy without radiation (RT) (C1b, n=10). Cohort 2 (C2) contained pts receiving palliative RT alone. Two baseline samples were collected, the first ≤ 14 days prior to starting treatment and one immediately prior to treatment. In C1, subsequent samples were collected 3, 6, 24 and 48 hours post initiation of chemotherapy. Pts in C2 had samples collected immediately prior to RT fractions 2, 3, and 4. Samples were analyzed for ctDNA using the 36-gene amplicon-based NGS Inivata InVisionFirst-Lung assay. Results: Complete results were available for the first 35 of 40 enrolled pts, C1a – 10 pts, C1b – 9 pts, C2 – 16 pts. Detectable ctDNA was present at baseline in 27 pts (77%), 4 additional pts (11%) had detectable ctDNA in post treatment samples. Four of the patients with detectable ctDNA at baseline (15%) had new genetic alterations detected in post treatment samples. A total of 8/35 pts (23%) had new genetic alterations detected in the post treatment samples. Mutant molecule numbers increased with treatment in 23 of 31 (74%) pts with detectable ctDNA, C1 - 13 of 19 pts (68%) and C2 - 10 of 16 pts (63%). ctDNA levels peaked a median of 2.2 hours (IQR: 1.5 – 2.9 hours) after the initiation of chemotherapy and a median of 1 day (IQR: 1-2 days) after radiation was commenced. The percentage increase in ctDNA levels was a median of 29% (IQR: -18 to +112%) in C1. C2 had a median increase of 16% (IQR: 0 to +131%). Conclusions: ctDNA levels increase in the hours to days after starting treatment. ctDNA testing in the acute post treatment phase can yield results that were not evident in pretreatment testing. Application of this principle could improve ctDNA utility as an alternate to tissue-based testing and improve sensitivity for the detection of treatment-resistant clones.
Serum melatonin levels and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA in leucocytes of elderly diabetic patients
Authors: Ming-long Li, Dong Sun, De-xia Wang
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Seventy newly diagnosed diabetic patients were enrolled in the study, including 37patients aged over 60 (elderly-onset diabetes, EOD group) and 33 patients under 60 (adult-onset diabetes,AOD group) ; 30 elderly healthy subjects served as controls. Serum melatonin levels were determined with ELISA and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA in peripheral blood leucocytes (PBL) was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that serum melatonin levels were significantly lower in EOD group than those in control group [ (6. 6 ± 1.3 )ng/L vs. (7.7 ± 1.4) ng/L, P ＜0. 01 ], the expression of iNOS mRNA was significantly higher than that in AOD group [ (36 ± 3 )% vs. (30 ± 4)%, P ＜ 0. 01 ]; and i NOS mRNA was not detected in control group.Logistic regression analysis indicated that decreased serum melatonin levels and up-regulated iNOS mRNA might be independent risk factors for diabetes mellitus in the elderly.

Key words: 
Diabetes mellitus, type 2;  Melatonin
Application value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of tuberculous diaphragmatic muscle abscess
Authors: Wenzhi Zhang, Gaoyi Yang, Jianping Xu, Jun Meng
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound images of tuberculous diaphragmatic muscle abscess of 26 surgically confirmed patients were retrospectively analyzed. The coincidence rate of preoperative diagnosis was 77%. The contrast-enhanced ultrasound images could be divided into three types of homogeneous, uneven and non-enhancement. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography could decipher the blood supply characteristics and the different extents of tuberculous diaphragmatic muscle abscess. Thus it has important diagnostic values in the diagnosis of tuberculous diaphragmatic muscle abscess.


Key words: 
Ultrasonography; Tuberculosis, diaphragm
Efficiency and coordination of medical service in community health service centers of Shanghai Pudong New Area
Authors: Ming Li, Yimin Zhang, Tao Zhang, Xuan Huang, Jun Wu, Shanshan Liu
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Data were collected from national health statistics reports and grassroots health comprehensive reform monitoring reports to survey the workload, service efficiency and regional medical coordination in community health service centers in Shanghai Pudong New Area.The efficiency of basic medical services and basic public health services in Pudong New Area increased yearly from 2010 to 2016. The improved capacity of community health service institutions included: mutual recognition of investigation with superior hospitals, the sharing of test results and test equipment in the region, and achieving remote consultation with superior hospitals. With the continuous improvement, more medical services can be provided in community health centers in Shanghai Pudong New Area, resulting in the increased workload of medical staff. The coordination of regional institutions further promotes the implementation of tiered medical service system.


Key words: 
Community health services; Service efficiency; Synergy
Phase II study of cemiplimab in patients (pts) with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC): Longer follow-up.
Authors: Danny Rischin, Nikhil I. Khushalani, Chrysalyne D. Schmults, Alexander David Guminski, Anne Lynn S. Chang, Karl D. Lewis, Annette May Ling Lim, Leonel Fernando Hernandez-Aya, Brett Gordon Maxwell Hughes, Dirk Schadendorf, Axel Hauschild, Elizabeth Stankevich, Jocelyn Booth, Siyu Li, Zhen Chen, Emmanuel Okoye, Israel Lowy, Matthew G. Fury, Michael Robert Migden
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

10018 Background: Cemiplimab monotherapy achieves clinically meaningful activity in pts with advanced CSCC (metastatic [mCSCC] or locally advanced [laCSCC] not amenable to curative surgery or curative radiation) and has a safety profile consistent with other anti–PD-1 agents. Based on initial data (median follow-up of 9.4 months in the pivotal study, NCT02760498), cemiplimab (cemiplimab-rwlc in the US) was approved for the treatment of pts with advanced CSCC. Historical data shows median overall survival (OS) of approximately 15 months with conventional chemotherapy or EGFR inhibitors (ASCO 2019, e21033). We present ~1-year additional follow-up from the largest prospective data set in advanced CSCC. Methods: Pts received cemiplimab 3 mg/kg Q2W (Group [Gp] 1; mCSCC; Gp 2, laCSCC) or cemiplimab 350 mg Q3W (Gp 3, mCSCC). The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR; complete response + partial response) per independent central review (ICR). Data presented here are per investigator review (INV); ICR data will be available at the meeting. Results: 193 pts were enrolled (Gp 1, n = 59; Gp 2, n = 78; Gp 3, n = 56). 128 pts had received no prior anti-cancer systemic therapy, 65 pts were previously treated. As of Oct 11, 2019 (data cut-off), median duration of follow-up was 15.7 months (range: 0.6–36.1) among all pts; 18.5 months (range: 1.1–36.1) for Gp 1, 15.5 months (range: 0.8–35.0) for Gp 2, and 17.3 months (range: 0.6–26.3) for Gp 3. ORR per INV was 54.4% (95% CI: 47.1–61.6) for all pts; 50.8% (95% CI: 37.5–64.1) for Gp 1, 56.4% (95% CI: 44.7–67.6) for Gp 2, and 55.4% (95% CI: 41.5–68.7) for Gp 3. ORR per INV was 57.8% (95% CI: 48.8–66.5) among treatment-naïve pts and 47.7% (95% CI: 35.1–60.5) among previously treated pts. Median duration of response (DOR) has not been reached (observed DOR range: 1.8–34.2 months). In responding pts, estimated proportion of pts with ongoing response at 24 months was 76.0% (95% CI: 64.1–84.4). Median OS has not been reached. Estimated OS at 24 months was 73.3% (95% CI: 66.1–79.2). The most common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) by any grade were fatigue (34.7%), diarrhea (27.5%), and nausea (23.8%). The most common grade ≥3 TEAEs were hypertension (4.7%) and anemia and cellulitis (each 4.1%). Conclusions: For pts with advanced CSCC, cemiplimab achieves ORRs, DOR and survival superior to what has been reported with other agents. Clinical trial information: NCT02760498.
Effect of activating chimeric receptor on IL-15 armored NK cell on providing in vitro and in vivo antigen specific tumor response.
Authors: Louis F. Chai, Prajna Guha, Sarah Wadsworth, Denise Gonzalez, Nafees Rahman, Kara R. Heatherton, Joanne B.L. Tan, James Trager, Chandra C. Ghosh, Steven C. Katz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

e15016 Background: Colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM) are a major source of morbidity and mortality. Historically, curative therapy has been limited to surgical resection, but only a small fraction of patients are eligible. Cellular immunotherapy has shown promise in hematologic cancers, but challenges related to solid tumor therapy remain with optimal cell trafficking, elevated interstitial fluid pressures (IFP), and immunosuppression. We hypothesized that engineered natural killer (NK) cells expressing a natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) activating chimeric receptor (ACR) and membrane bound IL-15 (NKX101) would increase anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo utilizing our established regional delivery strategies. Methods: In vitro cytotoxicity and cytokine release of NKX101 cells or non-transduced NK cells (NT-NK) derived from the same donor were determined by co-culture systems with HCT116 cells that endogenously express NKG2D ligands. CRCLM-bearing NSG™ mice were treated with NKX101, NT-NK, or vehicle (CTRL) via portal vein (PV) for regional delivery (RD) or tail vein (TV) for systemic delivery (SD). Tumor burden (TB) was measured via tumor bioluminescence (TBL) and histopathology (HP). Flow cytometry (FC) determined the quantity of cells delivered. Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney tests were performed for statistical comparisons. Results: NKX101 transduction efficiencies ranged between 63.5 – 75.6% across 3 separate healthy donors. EC 50 values derived from a 4-hour cytotoxicity assay for NKX101 vs. NT-NK were 3-4 fold lower with the greatest difference observed at the 1:1 effector-to-target (E:T) ratio (mean percent cytotoxicity: 72% vs. 20%, p = 0.001). In vitro cytokine assessment revealed 2.0-2.6 fold increases in IFN-γ, GM-CSF, and TNF-α levels compared to NT-NK cells (p &lt; 0.0001 across all groups). In vivo, FC showed 2.89-fold increase in cell delivery using RD vs. SD on PTD1 (n = 3, p = 0.006). TBL was improved with 5 x 10 6 cells via PV vs. TV (n = 6) from post-treatment day (PTD) 1-7, with greatest difference seen on PTD7 (12.9 vs. 42.6, p = 0.07). HP analysis showed reduction of TB at PTD7 with PV treatment. Conclusions: NKX101 demonstrated improvements in in vitro cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. RD techniques in vivo revealed increased cell delivery and improved tumor control. Further studies are underway to confirm our initial findings and understand NKX101 cellular kinetics and susceptibility to immunosuppression in the liver, along with planned clinical evaluation in Phase 1 trials.