tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence-guided fiber-optic micronavigation using microscopic identification of vascular boundary of liver segment and tumors
Authors: Qingliang Wang, Baifeng Qian, Michael Schäfer, Wolfgang Groß, Arianeb Mehrabi, Eduard Ryschich
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Background:The exact identification of tumor boundaries and related liver segments is especially important for liver tumor surgery.This study aimed to evaluate a new approach for vascular boundary assessment and surgical navigation based on fiber-optic microscopy and microvascular fluorescence labeling.Methods: Antibody clones with fast binding ability were identified and selected using immunofluorescence.We evaluated the endothelial capture efficacy for an anti-mouse CD31 antibody labeled with different fluorophores and different degrees of labeling ex vivo.Segment boundary identification and navigation potential using endothelial capture were explored by two different fiber-optic microscopy systems.Finally, microvasculature labeling and fiber-optic microscopy were used to identify and treat microscopic liver tumors in vivo. Results:The following monoclonal antibodies were selected: anti-mouse CD31 (clone 390), anti-mouse CD54 (YN1/1.7.4), anti-human CD31 (WM59), and anti-human CD54 (HA58).These clones showed fast binding to endothelial cells and had long half-lives.The fluorophore choice and the degree of antibody labeling did not significantly affect capture efficacy in an isolated liver perfusion model.The microvascular system was clearly identified with wide-field fiber-optic microscopy after labeling the endothelium with low doses of specific antibodies, and the specifically labeled liver segment could be microscopically dissected.High antibody doses were required for confocal laser endomicroscopy.After microscopically identifying the vascular margin in vivo, tumor thermoablation strongly reduced tumor size or totally eliminated tumors.Conclusions: We demonstrated that vascular boundaries of liver tumors and locally perfused liver segments were accurately identified and surgical micronavigation was facilitated with fiber-optic microscopy and selected endothelium-specific antibodies.
Suicide Prevention Research Priorities in Health Care
Authors: Joshua A. Gordon, Shelli Avenevoli, Jane L. Pearson
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
182TiP Effectiveness of niraparib plus aromatase inhibitors (AI) for germinal BRCA1/2-mutated (gBRCAm) or homologous recombination deficient (HRD), hormone receptor (HR)+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)- advanced breast cancer (ABC). The LUZERN Strategy
Authors: S. Blanch, J.M. Pérez-García, J. Balmaña, A. Prat, J.E. Alés-Martínez, J. de la Haba, E. Alba, P. Palacios-Ozores, M. Ramos, L. Lema, J.Á. García Sáenz, M. Sampayo-Cordero, A. Malfettone, J. Cortés, A. Llombart Cussac
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
PEG-coated nanoparticles detachable in acidic microenvironments for the tumor-directed delivery of chemo- and gene therapies for head and neck cancer
Authors: Yu-Li Lo, Chih-Hsien Chang, Chen-Shen Wang, Muh-Hwa Yang, Anya Maan-Yuh Lin, Ci-Jheng Hong, Wei-Hsuan Tseng
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and has a poor treatment outcome. Irinotecan, a topoisomerase-I inhibitor, induces cell death by decreasing the religation of double-strand DNA. However, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), therapy resistance, and systemic toxicity caused by available antineoplastic agents hinder the efficacy and safety of HNC treatment. Chemotherapy combined with gene therapy shows potential application in circumventing therapy resistance and EMT. miR-200 exerts a remarkable suppressing effect on EMT-associated genes. Herein, liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) modified with a pH-sensitive, self-destructive polyethylene glycol (PEG) shell and different peptides were designed as irinotecan and miR-200 nanovectors to enhance tumor-specific accumulation. These peptides included one ligand targeting the angiogenic tumor neovasculature, one mitochondrion-directed apoptosis-inducing peptide, and one cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) with high potency and selectivity toward cancer cells. Methods: Physicochemical characterization, cytotoxicity analysis, cellular uptake, regulation mechanisms, and in vivo studies on miR-200- and irinotecan-incorporated nanoparticles were performed to identify the potential antitumor efficacy and biosafety issues involved in HNC treatment and to elucidate the underlying signaling pathways. Results: We found that the cleavable PEG layer responded to low extracellular pH, and that the CPP and targeting peptides were exposed to improve the uptake and release of miR-200 and irinotecan into HNC human tongue squamous carcinoma (SAS) cells. The apoptosis of SAS cells treated with the combinatorial therapy was significantly induced by regulating various pathways, such as the Wnt/β-catenin, MDR, and EMT pathways. The therapeutic efficacy and safety of the proposed co-treatment outperformed the commercially available Onivyde and other formulations used in a SAS tumor-bearing mouse model in this study. Conclusion: Chemotherapy and gene therapy co-treatment involving pH-sensitive and targeting peptide-modified nanoparticles may be an innovative strategy for HNC treatment.
From the Institute of Medicine
Authors: W. N. Kelley
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
57P Benefit of CDK4/6 inhibitors beyond PIK3CA mutations in metastatic breast cancer patients
Authors: P. Tolosa Ortega, J.M. Cejalvo, S. Moragon Terencio, L. Carril-Ajuria, B. Bermejo, Á. Ruiz, C. Hernando Melia, A. Sánchez-Torre, M.T. Martínez, M. Herrera, V. Gambardella, L. Lema, D. Roda, E. Bernal, P. Rentero-Garrido, A. Lluch, E.M. Ciruelos, A. Cervantes, L. Manso
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Assessment of Second-Generation Diabetes Medication Initiation Among Medicare Enrollees From 2007 to 2015
Authors: Lauren G. Gilstrap, Rachel A. Blair, Haiden A. Huskamp, Katya Zelevinsky, Sharon-Lise Normand
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Little is known about how new and expensive drugs diffuse into practice affects health care costs.To describe the variation in second-generation diabetes drug use among Medicare enrollees between 2007 and 2015.This population-based, cross-sectional study included data from 100% of Medicare Parts A, B, and D enrollees who first received diabetes drug therapy from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2015. Patients with type 1 diabetes were excluded. Data were analyzed beginning in the spring of 2018, and revisions were completed in 2019.For each patient, the initial diabetes drug choice was determined; drugs were classified as first generation (ie, approved before 2000) or second generation (ie, approved after 2000, including dipeptidyl peptidase 4 [DPP-4] inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1] receptor agonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 [SGLT-2] inhibitors).The primary outcome was the between-practice variation in use of second-generation diabetes drugs between 2007 and 2015. Practices with use rates of second-generation diabetes drugs more than 1 SD above the mean were considered high prescribing, while those with use rates more than 1 SD below the mean were considered low prescribing.Among 1 182 233 patients who initiated diabetes drug therapy at 42 977 practices between 2007 and 2015, 1 104 718 (93.4%) were prescribed a first-generation drug (mean [SD] age, 75.4 [6.7] years; 627 134 [56.8%] women) and 77 515 (6.6%) were prescribed a second-generation drug (mean [SD] age, 76.5 [7.2] years; 44 697 [57.7%] women). By December 2015, 22 457 practices (52.2%) had used DPP-4 inhibitors once, compared with 3593 practices (8.4%) that had used a GLP-1 receptor agonist once. Furthermore, 17 452 practices (40.6%) were using DPP-4 inhibitors in 10% of eligible patients, while 1286 practices (3.0%) were using GLP-1 receptor agonists in 10% of eligible patients, and SGLT-2 inhibitors, available after March 2013, were used at least once by 1716 practices (4.0%) and used in 10% of eligible patients by 872 practices (2.0%) by December 2015. According to Poisson random-effect regression models, beneficiaries in high-prescribing practices were more than 3-fold more likely to receive DPP-4 inhibitors (relative risk, 3.55 [95% CI, 3.42-3.68]), 24-fold more likely to receive GLP-1 receptor agonists (relative risk, 24.06 [95% CI, 14.14-40.94]) and 60-fold more likely to receive SGLT-2 inhibitors (relative risk, 60.41 [95% CI, 15.99-228.22]) compared with beneficiaries in low-prescribing practices.These findings suggest that there was substantial between-practice variation in the use of second-generation diabetes drugs between 2007 and 2015, with a concentration of use among a few prescribers and practices responsible for much of the early diffusion.
Author Correction: Tissue patrol by resident memory CD8+ T cells in human skin (Nature Immunology, (2019), 20, 6, (756-764), 10.1038/s41590-019-0404-3)
Authors: Feline E. Dijkgraaf, Tiago R. Matos, Mark Hoogenboezem, Mireille Toebes, David W. Vredevoogd, Marjolijn Mertz, Bram van den Broek, Ji-Ying Song, Marcel B. M. Teunissen, Rosalie M. Luiten, Joost B. Beltman, Ton N. Schumacher
Journal: Nature Immunology (2020)
Pulmonary Vascular Endothelialitis, Thrombosis, and Angiogenesis in Covid-19
Authors: Maximilian Ackermann, Stijn E Verleden, Mark Kuehnel, Axel Haverich, Tobias Welte, Florian Laenger, Arno Vanstapel, Christopher Werlein, Helge Stark, Alexandar Tzankov, William W Li, Vincent W Li, Steven J Mentzer, Danny Jonigk
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

BackgroundProgressive respiratory failure is the primary cause of death in the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. Despite widespread interest in the pathophysiology of the disease, relatively little is known about the associated morphologic and molecular changes in the peripheral lung of patients who die from Covid-19.MethodsWe examined 7 lungs obtained during autopsy from patients who died from Covid-19 and compared them with 7 lungs obtained during autopsy from patients who died from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to influenza A(H1N1) infection and 10 age-matched, uninfected control lungs. The lungs were studied with the use of seven-color immunohistochemical analysis, micro–computed tomographic imaging, scanning electron microscopy, corrosion casting, and direct multiplexed measurement of gene expression.ResultsIn patients who died from Covid-19–associated or influenza-associated respiratory failure, the histologic pattern in the peripheral lung was diffuse alveolar damage with perivascular T-cell infiltration. The lungs from patients with Covid-19 also showed distinctive vascular features, consisting of severe endothelial injury associated with the presence of intracellular virus and disrupted cell membranes. Histologic analysis of pulmonary vessels in patients with Covid-19 showed widespread thrombosis with microangiopathy. Alveolar capillary microthrombi were 9 times as prevalent in patients with Covid-19 as in patients with influenza (P<0.001). In lungs from patients with Covid-19, the amount of new vessel growth — predominantly through a mechanism of intussusceptive angiogenesis — was 2.7 times as high as that in the lungs from patients with influenza (P<0.001).ConclusionsIn our small series, vascular angiogenesis distinguished the pulmonary pathobiology of Covid-19 from that of equally severe influenza virus infection. The universality and clinical implications of our observations require further research to define. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others.)
Protection from DNA re-methylation by transcription factors in primordial germ cells and pre-implantation embryos can explain trans-generational epigenetic inheritance
Authors: Isaac Kremsky, Victor G. Corces
Journal: Genome biology (2020)

Abstract Background A growing body of evidence suggests that certain epiphenotypes can be passed across generations via both the male and female germlines of mammals. These observations have been difficult to explain owing to a global loss of the majority of known epigenetic marks present in parental chromosomes during primordial germ cell development and after fertilization. Results By integrating previously published BS-seq, DNase-seq, ATAC-seq, and RNA-seq data collected during multiple stages of primordial germ cell and pre-implantation development, we find that the methylation status of the majority of CpGs genome-wide is restored after global de-methylation, despite the fact that global CpG methylation drops to 10% in primordial germ cells and 20% in the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. We estimate the proportion of such CpGs with preserved methylation status to be 78%. Further, we find that CpGs at sites bound by transcription factors during the global re-methylation phases of germline and embryonic development remain hypomethylated across all developmental stages observed. On the other hand, CpGs at sites not bound by transcription factors during the global re-methylation phase have high methylation levels prior to global de-methylation, become de-methylated during global de-methylation, and then become re-methylated. Conclusions The results suggest that transcription factors can act as carriers of epigenetic information during germ cell and pre-implantation development by ensuring that the methylation status of CpGs is maintained. These findings provide the basis for a mechanistic description of trans-generational inheritance of epigenetic information in mammals.
A piece of my mind. International medical graduates in the United States. An interview with Sir William Osler
Authors: S. L. Berk
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy in Cholecystocolonic Fistula
Authors: Justin T. Philip, Muhammad Noor, Alexander Leyva, Francisco Contreras
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract We report a case of a 50-year-old man diagnosed with cholecystocolonic fistula (CCF), confirmed by scintigraphy. After negative initial radiologic workup, a colonoscopy revealed findings of right-sided ischemic colitis. Soon after, a febrile episode prompted a repeat abdominal CT scan demonstrating a possible CCF, later confirmed with a nuclear medicine hepatobiliary scintigraphy and treated surgically. Less than 10% of CCFs are diagnosed preoperatively.
Fully synthetic matrices for in vitro culture of primary human intestinal enteroids and endometrial organoids
Authors: Victor Hernandez-Gordillo, Timothy Kassis, Arinola Lampejo, GiHun Choi, Mario E. Gamboa, Juan S. Gnecco, Alexander Brown, David T. Breault, Rebecca Carrier, Linda G. Griffith
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
The Protean Manifestations of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome
Authors: Philip Bruno, L. Harrison Hassell, Joel Brown, William Tanner, Alan Lau
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Abstract Twenty-six cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome from 1981 to 1986 were retrospectively reviewed to determine the scope of clinical presentation and the unique complications of th...
Aspartame and Memory Loss
Authors: S Alexander
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cancer of the head and neck. Nasopharyngeal cancer. Role of chemotherapy
Authors: D. F. Harrison
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Except among the Chinese, malignant disease of the nasopharynx is a rare condition. However, several large series have reported an incidence rate in white populations of about 0.25% of all malignant tumors. Initial treatment is usually by radiotherapy, irrespective of the histology of the primary tumor, and results in a five-year cure rate of from 15% to 30%.<sup>54</sup>It is unlikely that the prognosis for neoplasms arising at this site will improve unless new modes of therapy are developed, since over 70% of patients present with cervical lymph node metastasis.<sup>5-4</sup>The anatomy of the region is complex, making surgical resection impracticable; bone erosion is a common finding on initial examination. Since at least 70% of all patients fail to respond to orthodox management,<sup>54</sup>I have been concerned with the possibilities of palliating these unfortunate patients; it is rarely appreciated that the natural expectation of life for "failed"
Letter to the Editor: Do Weather and Sunlight Really Affect Alcohol Consumption?
Authors: Torsten J. Selck, Julia Bök, Ramona Amintavakoli
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

TO THE EDITOR: I read with interest the article by Ventura-Cots et al.(1) The authors, who claim that cold weather and little sunlight affect heavy drinking, present a multivariate linear regression analysis that controls only for human development and whether a country is predominantly Muslim. They support their model by stating that a written national policy for the use and control of alcohol consumption is a confounding factor because its existence could represent the response to high alcohol consumption or, in some cases, religious beliefs (complete ban of alcohol in some countries). For this reason, they did not include this variable in the multivariable analysis; and therefore, they merely included a proxy for a major religion of a country. This design choice is highly questionable because it implies that culture matters but laws do not. To put it another way, their claim does away with everything we know in terms of how norms affect behavior. If we assume that culture affects both laws and behavior and that laws interact with behavior, which the authors seem to suggest, this should have been modeled accordingly by using a structural equation model, including a variable for alcohol bans or severity of punishment for alcohol consumption, rather than a linear regression model. As it stands, the model suffers from omitted-variable bias and statistical misspecification and thereby potentially overestimates the effect of temperature and sunlight on alcohol consumption. Open access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.