tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ADTH-04 Post colonoscopy colorectal cancer in the english national health service bowel cancer screening programme
Authors: Edmund Derbyshire, Claire Nickerson, Suzanne Wright, Eva Morris, Billie Moores, Roland Valori, Matthew D Rutter
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

<h3>Introduction</h3> PCCRC rate is a key quality indicator of colonoscopy. The Word Endoscopy Organisation has reached consensus agreement to use one method for calculating 3 year PCCRC rates (termed PCCRC-3 y) to enable benchmarking of rates.<sup>1</sup> This methodology, used previously by Morris et al.<sup>2</sup>, showed a PCCRC-3 y rate of 8.6% across the English National Health Service (NHS) from 2001–2007.<sup>2</sup> with a rate of 7.3% in 2007. This study aimed to determine the rate of PCCRC-3 y in the English NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP). <h3>Methods</h3> Data from each colonoscopy in the BCSP is entered into a national database, the Bowel Cancer Screening System. All colorectal adenocarcinomas, within and outside the BCSP, are validated and registered by the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service. This retrospective observational study interrogated these databases to identify those BCSP colonoscopies detecting colorectal cancers within 6 months (true positive colonoscopies) and those BCSP colonoscopies in patients who subsequently developed a colorectal cancer 6 months – 3 years after the colonoscopy (false negatives) between 2006 and 2013. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The overall English NHS BCSP PCCRC–3 y rate from 2006–2010 is 3.1% – less than half the 7.3% PCCRC rate seen in the symptomatic English NHS for 2007, providing further evidence that high quality colonoscopy, such as that performed by screening–accredited colonoscopists in the BCSP, results in a lower rate of PCCRC.<sup>3 4</sup> Despite the high quality of colonoscopy in the BCSP, PCCRCs still occur, showing the importance of vigilance during all colonoscopies. Diagnosis of &gt;2000 colorectal cancers (true positive colonoscopies) each year indicates there is an adequate sample size for annual reporting of PCCRC–3 y rate within the BCSP and comparison with PCCRC–3 yr rates in symptomatic services. <h3>References</h3> 1. Beintaris I, et al. United European Gastroenterology <i>Journal</i> 5(5_Suppl):PO436. 2. Morris EJA et al. <i>Gut</i> 2014;<b>0</b>:1–9. 3. Corley DA, et al. N Engl. J Med 2014;<b>370</b>:1298–306. 4. Kaminski MF, et al. N Engl. J Med 2010;<b>362</b>:1795–803.
Risks from Deferring Treatment for Genitourinary Cancers: A Collaborative Review to Aid Triage and Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Christopher J.D. Wallis, Giacomo Novara, Laura Marandino, Axel Bex, Ashish M. Kamat, R. Jeffrey Karnes, Todd M. Morgan, Nicolas Mottet, Silke Gillessen, Alberto Bossi, Morgan Roupret, Thomas Powles, Andrea Necchi, James W.F. Catto, Zachary Klaassen
Journal: European Urology (2020)
Sarin poisoning in Tokyo subway
Authors: Toru Suzuki, Hiroyuki Morita, Kazuyuki Ono, Kazuhiko Maekawa, Ryozo Nagai, Yoshio Yazaki, H. Nozaki, N. Aikawa, Y. Shinozawa, S. Hori, S. Fujishima, K. Takuma, M. Sagoh
Journal: The Lancet (1995)
Oral Anticoagulation, Aspirin, or No Therapy in Patients With Nonvalvular AF With 0 or 1 Stroke Risk Factor Based on the CHA2DS2-VASc Score
Authors: Gregory Y.H. Lip, Flemming Skjøth, Lars Hvilsted Rasmussen, Torben Bjerregaard Larsen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Antimicrobial therapeutic drug monitoring in critically ill adult patients: a Position Paper#
Authors: Mohd H. Abdul-Aziz, Jan-Willem C. Alffenaar, Matteo Bassetti, Hendrik Bracht, George Dimopoulos, Deborah Marriott, Michael N. Neely, Jose-Artur Paiva, Federico Pea, Fredrik Sjovall, Jean F. Timsit, Andrew A. Udy, Sebastian G. Wicha, Markus Zeitlinger, Jan J. De Waele, Jason A. Roberts
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2020)
Endothelial cells produce angiocrine factors to regulate bone and cartilage via versatile mechanisms
Authors: Sipin Zhu, Samuel Bennett, Vincent Kuek, Chuan Xiang, Huazi Xu, Vicki Rosen, Jiake Xu
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Blood vessels are conduits distributed throughout the body, supporting tissue growth and homeostasis by the transport of cells, oxygen and nutrients. Endothelial cells (ECs) form the linings of the blood vessels, and together with pericytes, are essential for organ development and tissue homeostasis through producing paracrine signalling molecules, called angiocrine factors. In the skeletal system, ECs - derived angiocrine factors, combined with bone cells-released angiogenic factors, orchestrate intercellular crosstalk of the bone microenvironment, and the coupling of angiogenesis-to-osteogenesis. Whilst the involvement of angiogenic factors and the blood vessels of the skeleton is relatively well established, the impact of ECs -derived angiocrine factors on bone and cartilage homeostasis is gradually emerging. In this review, we survey ECs - derived angiocrine factors, which are released by endothelial cells of the local microenvironment and by distal organs, and act specifically as regulators of skeletal growth and homeostasis. These may potentially include angiocrine factors with osteogenic property, such as Hedgehog, Notch, WNT, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Understanding the versatile mechanisms by which ECs-derived angiocrine factors orchestrate bone and cartilage homeostasis, and pathogenesis, is an important step towards the development of therapeutic potential for skeletal diseases.
Surgically treated esophageal cancer developed in a radiated field: Impact on peri-operative and long-term outcomes.
Authors: Christophe Mariette, Sheraz Markar, Caroline Gronnier, Arnaud Pasquer, Alain Duhamel, Helene Behal, Jeremie Thereaux, Johan Gagniere, Gil Lebreton, Cecile Brigand, Bernard Meunier, Denis Collet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

150 Background: The objectives of this study were to compare peri-operative and long-term outcomes from esophageal cancer (EC) (i) that arose in a previously radiated field (ECRF) versus primary (PEC) and among ECRF patients (ii) radiotherapy-induced (RIEC) versus non radiotherapy-induced EC (NRIEC). Methods: Data was collected from 30 European centers from 2000–2010. 2489 EC patients surgically treated were included in the PEC group and 136 in the ECRF group, including 61 in the NRIEC group and 75 in the RIEC group. Propensity score matching analyses were used to compensate for differences in baseline characteristics. Results: Compared to the PEC group, the ECRF group was characterized by less use of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (0% vs. 29.5%; P &lt; 0.001), less pathological stage III/IV (31.6% vs 39.2%, P = 0.036), greater incidence of R1/2 margins (21.3% vs. 10.9%; P &lt; 0.001), increased in-hospital mortality (14.0% vs. 7.1%; P = 0.003) and overall morbidity (68.4% vs. 56.4%, P = 0.006). After matching, 5-year overall (28.8% vs. 50.5%; HR = 1.53, 95% C.I. 1.15-2.04; P = 0.003) and event-free (32.2% vs. 42.5%; HR = 1.56, 95% C.I. 1.18-2.05; P = 0.002) survivals were significantly reduced in the ECRF group. There were no significant differences in incidence or pattern of tumor recurrence. Comparing RIEC and NRIEC groups, there were no significant differences in short- or long-term outcomes before and after matching. Conclusions: ECRF is associated with poorer long-term survival related to a reduced utilization of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and an increased incidence of tumor margin involvement at surgery. Outcomes are dictated by the limitations related to previous radiotherapy administration more than the radiotherapy-induced carcinogenesis.
Abstract 15470: Long Term Durability and Haemodynamic Performance of Freedom Solo Stentless Valve for Aortic Valve Replacement: A European, Multicenter Experience
Authors: Alberto Repossini, Bruno Passaretti, Lorenzo Di Bacco, Claudio Muneretto, Flavia Nicoli, Gianluigi Bisleri, Vincenzo Arena, Christina Schäfer, Benjamin Claus, Herko Grubitzsch
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Stentless aortic valves have been developed to overcome the obstructive limitations associated with stented bioprostheses. The Freedom Solo (FS) bovine pericardial valve is a third generation stentless bioprosthesis introduced in 2004 and FDA approved in 2014. Hypothesis: The aim of the current study is to report the multi-institutional experience by the three European centers that started implanting FS extensively as first from its introduction, providing the largest series with long-term follow-up. Methods: From 2004 to 2009, 478 patients (mean age 73±8.6 years, 199 [41.6%] females) underwent isolated (n=321) or combined (n=157) aortic valve replacement (AVR) with the FS. Follow-up, including clinical and strict echocardiographic evaluation, was 97.4% complete with an average follow-up time of 6.5±3.2 years (maximum 11.4 years) and cumulative follow up was 2612 patient/years. Primary end-point was freedom from structural valve deterioration (SVD) while secondary end-points were freedom from reoperation and overall survival. Results: Overall operative mortality was 2.9% (1.5% for isolated and 5.7% for combined AVR) and none was valve-related. Preoperative peak(mean) gradients were 76.1±30.6 mmHg (47.1±18.7 mmHg) decreased to 17.7±9.1 mmHg (9.9±5.4 mmHg), stable over the follow-up. Post-operative effective orifice area was 1.8±0.6 cm2, 1.98±0.5 cm2, 2.13±0.43 cm2 and 2.21±0.56 cm2 for valve size 21, 23, 25, and 27 respectively. There was no severe prostheses-patient mismatch (PPM) and moderate PPM occurred only in 1 patient(0.2%). Twenty-four patients (5.7%) underwent reoperation (16 surgical replacement, 8 TAVR) due to endocarditis(9), blunt trauma(1), and SVD(14). SVD was reported in 5 other patients alive at time of censor. Freedom from SVD and reoperation were 90.6% [88.2-93%] and 88.3% [85.8-90.8%] respectively at 10 years follow-up, while overall actuarial survival was 55.8% [52.5-59.1%]. Conclusions: The FS valve demonstrated excellent hemodynamic performance and long-term durability in this large, multi-institutional European experience. In particular, the FS proved to be a reliable bioprosthesis in aortic position given the low rate of structural valve deterioration along with a simple implantability.
Sensitivity to change and correlation between the autoimmune bullous disease quality‐of‐life questionnaires <scp>ABQOL</scp> and <scp>TABQOL</scp> , and objective severity scores
Authors: L. Ferries, A. Gillibert, S. Duvert‐Lehembre, C. Corbaux, M. Alexandre, C. Prost‐Squarcioni, F. Caux, E. Delaporte, N. Litrowski, C. Boulard, D.F. Murrell, P. Joly, V. Hébert
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)
Toward a better understanding of prosocial behavior: The role of evolution and directed attention
Authors: Stephen Kaplan, Raymond De Young
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

Rachlin's thought-provoking analysis could be strengthened by greater openness to evolutionary interpretation and the use of the directed attention concept as a component of self-control. His contribution to the understanding of prosocial behavior would also benefit from abandoning the traditional (and excessively restrictive) definition of altruism.
Prognostic factors for longer disease free survival and overall survival after surgical resection of isolated liver metastasis from breast cancer.
Authors: Srdjan Nikolic, Milan Zegarac, Igor Djurisic, Milan Kocic, Ivan Markovic, Radan Dzodic
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e12062 Background: Isolated liver metastases (LMs) from breast cancer (BC) occur in only 1-3% of the cases. Resection of isolated LMs improves survival. We examined the prognostic factors for time to LM development, disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) after BCLM resection. Methods: From 2006 to 2009, 32 patients underwent LM resection. All of them had breast cancer surgery for their primary tumor and developed resectable LMs as the first and only site of disease progression. Results: LMs developed after a median of 25 months. With a median follow up of 37 months (range 7-66) after metastases resection, median DFS and OS (with 95% CI) were 22.5 (12-40) and 37 ( ≥ 23) months, respectively. Tumor size ≥ 3 vs < 3 cm and adjuvant chemotherapy vs no adjuvant chemotherapy correlated with shorter time to LM development (p < 0.01 for both parameters). These parameters and BC negative estrogen (ER)/ progesterone receptors (PR) (ER?/PR? vs other) were related with shorter DFS. Positive (vs negative) axillary lymph nodes and BC negative ER/ PR (ER?/PR? vs other) status correlated with shorter OS (p < 0.01 for both parameters). A period to metastases development ≥ 24 months (vs ≤ 24) and single (vs multiple) metastases were related with longer DFS and OS (p < 0.01 for both conditions). Conclusions: Despite the relatively small number of patients in this study, we believe that positive ER/PR status for both BC and LMs, negative axillary lymph nodes, time to liver metastases development > 24 months and single liver metastases predict longer DFS and OS after LM resection.
Artificial intelligence techniques in asthma: a systematic review and critical appraisal of the existing literature
Authors: Konstantinos P. Exarchos, Maria Beltsiou, Chainti-Antonella Votti, Konstantinos Kostikas
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

Artificial intelligence (AI) when coupled with large amounts of well characterised data can yield models that are expected to facilitate clinical practice and contribute to the delivery of better care, especially in chronic diseases such as asthma. The purpose of this paper is to review the utilisation of AI techniques in all aspects of asthma research, i.e. from asthma screening and diagnosis, to patient classification and the overall asthma management and treatment, in order to identify trends, draw conclusions and discover potential gaps in the literature. We conducted a systematic review of the literature using PubMed and DBLP from 1988 up to 2019, yielding 425 articles; after removing duplicate and irrelevant articles, 98 were further selected for detailed review. The resulting articles were organised in four categories, and subsequently compared based on a set of qualitative and quantitative factors. Overall, we observed an increasing adoption of AI techniques for asthma research, especially within the last decade. AI is a scientific field that is in the spotlight, especially the last decade. In asthma there are already numerous studies; however, there are certain unmet needs that need to be further elucidated.
The biomarkers of hyperprogressive disease in PD-1/PD-L1 blockage therapy
Authors: Xueping Wang, Fang Wang, Mengjun Zhong, Yosef Yarden, Liwu Fu
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2020)

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies (Abs) and anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) Abs, are effective for patients with various cancers. However, low response rates to ICI monotherapies and even hyperprogressive disease (HPD) have limited the clinical application of ICIs. HPD is a novel pattern of progression, with an unexpected and fast progression in tumor volume and rate, poor survival of patients and early fatality. Considering the limitations of ICI due to HPD incidence, valid biomarkers are urgently needed to predict the occurrence of HPD and the efficacy of ICI. Here, we reviewed and summarized the known biomarkers of HPD, including tumor cell biomarkers, tumor microenvironment biomarkers, laboratory biomarkers and clinical indicators, which provide a potential effective approach for selecting patients sensitive to ICI cancer treatments.
A Phase IIb, randomized, multicenter study of the efficacy of GVAX pancreas vaccine and CRS-207 compared to chemotherapy or to CRS-207 alone...
Authors: Andrea Wang-Gillam, Vincent Picozzi, Todd Crocenzi, Michael Morse, Herbert Zeh, Robert L. Fine, Aimee Murphy, Justin Skoble, Edward Lemmens, Sandy Ferber, Allan Rosen, John Grous, Thomas Dubensky, Dirk Brockstedt, Elizabeth Jaffee, Dung Le
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Background: A heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy using GVAX pancreas vaccine and CRS-207 is showing promise in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA). GVAX is composed of lethally-irradiated, allogeneic pancreatic cancer cells modified to express GM-CSF and induces a broad response against multiple tumor antigens. GVAX is given with low-dose cyclophosphamide (CY) to inhibit regulatory T cells. CRS-207 is live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes engineered to express the tumor-associated antigen mesothelin. CRS-207 boosts responses against mesothelin and is unique in its capacity to stimulate both innate and adaptive immunity by activating T cells and NK cells. In a recently completed Phase II study, the CY/GVAX plus CRS-207 combination resulted in statistically-significant improvement of overall survival (OS) compared to CY/GVAX alone (Le, GI ASCO 2014). Methods: This is a Phase IIb study comparing CY/GVAX and CRS-207 to chemotherapy or to CRS-207 alone in adults with previously-treated metastatic PDA. Subjects will be enrolled in two cohorts: 150 subjects into a primary cohort of patients with at least two prior treatment regimens for metastatic disease (3rd+ line) and 90 subjects into an exploratory cohort of patients with only one prior treatment regimen for metastatic disease (2nd line). Subjects will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive either 2 doses of CY/GVAX and 4 doses of CRS-207 (Arm A), 6 doses of CRS-207 (Arm B) or physician's choice of select single-agent chemotherapy (Arm C). The primary objective is to compare OS in the primary cohort between Arms A and C. Secondary/exploratory objectives include: comparison of OS in both primary and exploratory cohorts between all treatment arms, assessment of safety and clinical responses (tumor assessments and CA19-9 levels) and correlation of Lm- and mesothelin-specific T cell and other immunological responses with OS, progression-free survival and best overall response. (Sponsor: Aduro BioTech, Inc.; NCT02004262).
Severe Pulmonary Hypertension Management Across Europe (PHAROS): an ERS Clinical Research Collaboration
Authors: Olivier Sitbon, Abílio Reis, Marc Humbert, Anton Vonk Noordegraaf, Marion Delcroix
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

<b>The overall objective of the PHAROS CRC is to establish a platform for clinical research in pulmonary hypertension, in close collaboration with the ERN-Lung, able to coordinate future collaborative research in Europe</b>https://bit.ly/2Rx2FTl
Prognostic value of P53 for colorectal cancer after surgical resection of pulmonary metastases.
Authors: Cong Li, Jieer Ying
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e15017 Background: Pulmonary metastases occur in up to 25% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Many studies have reported that pulmonary metastasectomy might increase 5-year survival of these patients. The aim of this study was to describe our experience with pulmonary metastasectomy for metastatic colorectal cancer and to explore the prognostic value of P53 overexpression and other factors Methods: June, 2002 and December 2013, the clinicopathological data of 88 patients who underwent complete pulmonary resection of metastatic colorectal carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Clinical, investigative and operative data, and expression of P53 were prospectively collected. Immunohistochemical staining for P53 was performed on paraffin-embedded 5-um sections using mouse anti-human P53 monoclonal mutant protein (DO-7, Dako, Denmark). Overall survival (OS) was calculated from resection of pulmonary metastases to death. Results: There were 58 men and 30 women in this study, and their median age was 5. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) was performed in 59 cases (78%) and29 patients underwent thoracotomy. Lung wedge resection and pulmonary lobectomy were performed in 52 and 36 patients, respectively. After a median follow-up duration of 44 months, the cumulative5-year survival was 45.4%, and the median overall survival was 57.8 months. A significantly longer survival was observed in patients with normal Preoperative serum CRP level compared with those with CRP level exceeding 10mg/L (62.6 months vs 34.3 months, p = 0.011). The expression of P53 also significantly influenced survival. In patients with P53 protein overexpression, we observed a median OS of 46.1 months, whereas the median OS of patients with negative protein expression of P53 was 62.6 months (p = 0.047). In multivariate analysis, preoperative CRP level and P53 protein expression were found to be independent significant prognostic factors for survival. Conclusions: Pulmonary resection of metastatic colorectal cancer might offer a chance to prolong survival including those patients with other metastases. Preoperative serum CRP level and P53 protein expression were identified as prognosis-related factors for surgery
Progesterone Sensitivity as a Cause of Recurrent Anaphylaxis
Authors: William J. Meggs, Ora Hirsch Pescovitz, Dean Metcalfe, D. Lynn Loriaux, Gordon Cutler, Michael Kaliner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

ANAPHYLACTIC or anaphylactoid attacks usually occur in immediate response to a specific inciting agent or event. Patients with recurring anaphylaxis in whom there is no evidence of an external cause are classified as having recurrent idiopathic anaphylaxis.1 , 2 One such patient had weekly life-threatening anaphylactic episodes that were partly controlled with intensive medical therapy combined with tracheal fenestration; however, spontaneous remission of the attacks during lactation led to the suspicion of sensitivity to sex hormones. Three clinical observations confirmed this suspicion: provocative challenges with minute quantities of progesterone caused an anaphylactic event, inhibition of pituitary gonadotropin release by luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone . . .
Abstract 17049: Recombinant Human Collagen Hydrogel Injection Limits Ventricular Remodeling and Improves Cardiac Function Post Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Sarah McLaughlin, James Podrebarac, Brian McNeill, Marc Ruel, Erik J Suuronen, Emilio I Alarcon
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Pathological remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) post-myocardial infarction (MI) is a key contributor to heart failure (HF). Injectable biomaterials can limit ventricular rem...
Covid-19: England plan to ease lockdown is “confusing” and “risky,” say doctors
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s roadmap outlining how England will take its first steps out of lockdown, unveiled on 10 May, risks a second spike in cases, doctors have warned.

More stringent lockdown measures will remain in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, where governments are setting slower routes out of lockdown and will retain the “stay at home” message being abandoned in England.

Johnson said that, in England, there will be a change of emphasis from “only go to work if you must” to anyone who can’t work from home, for example, those in construction or manufacturing being “actively encouraged to go to work.”1 Commuters should, however, avoid public transport if possible, he said, although pictures on Monday morning showed trains and tube stations packed with commuters attempting to get to work.

From 13 May the public will be encouraged “to take more and even unlimited amounts of outdoor exercise” outside. They will be allowed to drive greater distances to take exercise, sunbathe in parks, and play sport with members of their household.

The second phase of easing will be implemented from 1 June at the earliest and will include the phased …