tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Targeted Therapy for Philadelphia Chromosome–Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Karen R. Rabin
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Safety and Efficacy of Oral Liposomal Iron Supplemented in Cancer Patients with Chemotherapy-Related Anemia Receiving Epoetin Alfa. Final Data
Authors: A. Prestifilippo, A. Mafodda, R. Maisano, D. Giuffrida, M. Mare, D. Azzarello, G. Blanco, M. Nardi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Studies in Regional Heparinization
Authors: Leon A. Gordon, Victor Richards, Herbert A. Perkins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

REGIONAL heparinization is a technic whereby heparin is infused into an artery at such a rate that the coagulation time of the blood is prolonged in the area supplied by that artery, but the clotting time in the rest of the body remains normal owing to dilution of the heparinized blood. The technic has been applied primarily after operations on an artery, such as endarteriectomy, in which there is a considerable possibility that postoperative thrombosis will result in obstruction of the vessel. This danger is particularly great when the distal arterial bed is partially obstructed by atherosclerosis. A number of . . .
P-0036 Gastric Linitis Plastica: Experience of a Moroccan Medical Oncology Unit
Authors: Nezar Bouyahia, Sami Aziz Brahmi, Khaoula Daoudi, Chad Amine, Hafida Benhammane, Samia Arifi, Nawfel Mellas, Omar El Mesbahi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Creation of a Registry to Address Knowledge Gaps in Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Pregnancy—Reply
Authors: Haley B. Naik, Michelle A. Lowes
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Graft-versus-host disease reduces lymph node display of tissue-restricted self-antigens and promotes autoimmunity
Authors: Simone Dertschnig, Pamela Evans, Pedro Santos e Sousa, Teresa Manzo, Ivana R. Ferrer, Hans J. Stauss, Clare L. Bennett, Ronjon Chakraverty
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is initially triggered by alloreactive T cells, which damage peripheral tissues and lymphoid organs. Subsequent transition to chronic GVHD involves the emergence of autoimmunity, although the underlying mechanisms driving this process are unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that acute GVHD blocks peripheral tolerance of autoreactive T cells by impairing lymph node (LN) display of peripheral tissue–restricted antigens (PTAs). At the initiation of GVHD, LN fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) rapidly reduced expression of genes regulated by DEAF1, an autoimmune regulator-like transcription factor required for intranodal expression of PTAs. Subsequently, GVHD led to the selective elimination of the FRC population, and blocked the repair pathways required for its regeneration. We used a transgenic mouse model to show that the loss of presentation of an intestinal PTA by FRCs during GVHD resulted in the activation of autoaggressive T cells and gut injury. Finally, we show that FRCs normally expressed a unique PTA gene signature that was highly enriched for genes expressed in the target organs affected by chronic GVHD. In conclusion, acute GVHD damages and prevents repair of the FRC network, thus disabling an essential platform for purging autoreactive T cells from the repertoire.
Recommendations Related to Genetic Testing for Breast Cancer—Reply
Authors: Alex H. Krist, Douglas K. Owens, Carol M. Mangione
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Electronically assisted surveillance systems of healthcare-associated infections: a systematic review
Authors: H Roel A Streefkerk, Roel PAJ Verkooijen, Wichor M Bramer, Henri A Verbrugh
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2020)

Background Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) is the basis of each infection control programme and, in case of acute care hospitals, should ideally include all hospital wards, medical specialties as well as all types of HAI. Traditional surveillance is labour intensive and electronically assisted surveillance systems (EASS) hold the promise to increase efficiency. Objectives To give insight in the performance characteristics of different approaches to EASS and the quality of the studies designed to evaluate them. Methods In this systematic review, online databases were searched and studies that compared an EASS with a traditional surveillance method were included. Two different indicators were extracted from each study, one regarding the quality of design (including reporting efficiency) and one based on the performance (e.g. specificity and sensitivity) of the EASS presented. Results A total of 78 studies were included. The majority of EASS (n = 72) consisted of an algorithm-based selection step followed by confirmatory assessment. The algorithms used different sets of variables. Only a minority (n = 7) of EASS were hospital-wide and designed to detect all types of HAI. Sensitivity of EASS was generally high (&gt; 0.8), but specificity varied (0.37–1). Less than 20% (n = 14) of the studies presented data on the efficiency gains achieved. Conclusions Electronically assisted surveillance of HAI has yet to reach a mature stage and to be used routinely in healthcare settings. We recommend that future studies on the development and implementation of EASS of HAI focus on thorough validation, reproducibility, standardised datasets and detailed information on efficiency.
Association of Deceased Donor Acute Kidney Injury With Recipient Graft Survival
Authors: Caroline Liu, Isaac E. Hall, Sherry Mansour, Heather R. Thiessen Philbrook, Yaqi Jia, Chirag R. Parikh
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> The shortage of deceased donor kidneys for transplants is an ongoing concern. Prior studies support transplanting kidneys from deceased donors with acute kidney injury (AKI), but those investigations have been subject to selection bias and small sample sizes. Current allocation practices of AKI kidneys in the United States are not well characterized. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the association of deceased donor AKI with recipient graft survival and to characterize recovery and discard practices for AKI kidneys by organ procurement organizations. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Registry-based, propensity score<b>–</b>matched cohort study from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2013, in the United States. The dates of analysis were March 1 to November 1, 2019. From 2010 to 2013, a total of 6832 deceased donors with AKI and 15 310 deceased donors without AKI had at least 1 kidney transplanted. This study used a 1:1, propensity score<b>–</b>matched analysis to match deceased donors with AKI to deceased donors without AKI and investigated outcomes in their corresponding kidney recipients. <h3>Exposure</h3> Deceased donor AKI, defined as at least 50% or 0.3-mg/dL increase in terminal serum creatinine level from admission. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Recipients were assessed for the time to death-censored graft failure and the following secondary outcomes: delayed graft function, primary nonfunction, and the time to all-cause graft failure. <h3>Results</h3> Ninety-eight percent (6722 of 6832) of deceased donors with AKI were matched to deceased donors without AKI. The mean (SD) age of the 13 444 deceased donors was 40.4 (14.4) years, and 63% (8529 of 13 444) were male. A total of 25 323 recipients were analyzed (15 485 [61%] were male), and their mean (SD) age was 52.0 (14.7) years. Recipients were followed up for a median of 5 (interquartile range, 4-6) years. Deceased donor AKI status had no association with death-censored graft failure (hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.95-1.08) or all-cause graft failure (hazard ratio, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.93-1.02). The results were consistent after examining by AKI stage and adjusting for recipient and transplant characteristics. More recipients of AKI kidneys developed delayed graft function (29% vs 22%,<i>P</i> &lt; .001). Few recipients (120 of 25 323 [0.5%]) developed primary nonfunction regardless of deceased donor AKI status. Recovery and transplantation of AKI kidneys varied by organ procurement organization; most (39 of 58) had high recovery and high discard of AKI kidneys. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Deceased donor AKI kidneys transplanted in the study period had recipient graft survival comparable to that of non-AKI kidneys. This study’s findings suggest that the transplant community should evaluate whether currently discarded AKI kidneys from donors without substantial comorbidities can be used more effectively.
Distinguishing Specific CXCL12 Isoforms on Their Angiogenesis and Vascular Permeability Promoting Properties
Authors: Chia‐Wen Chang, Alex J. Seibel, Alex Avendano, Marcos G. Cortes‐Medina, Jonathan W. Song
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Angiogenesis is associated with increased vessel sprouting and permeability. Important mediators of these angiogenic responses include local environment of signaling molecules and supporting extracellular matrix (ECM). However, dissecting the interplay of these instructive signals in vivo with multiple cells and extracellular molecules remains a central challenge. Here, microfluidic biomimicry is integrated with 3D ECM hydrogels that are well-characterized for molecular-binding and mechanical properties to reconstitute vessel-like analogues in vitro. This study focuses on three distinct isoforms of the pro-metastatic chemokine CXCL12. In collagen-only hydrogel, CXCL12-α is the most potent isoform in promoting sprouting and permeability, followed by CXCL12-β and CXCL12-γ. Strikingly, addition of hyaluronan (HA), a large and negatively charged glycosaminoglycan, with collagen matrices selectively increases vessel sprouting and permeability conferred by CXCL12-γ. This outcome is supported by the measured binding affinities to collagen/HA ECM, suggesting that negatively charged HA increases the binding of CXCL12-γ to augment its angiogenic potency. Moreover, it is shown that addition of HA to collagen matrices on its own decreases vessel sprouting and permeability, and these responses are nullified by blocking the HA receptor CD44. Collectively, these results demonstrate that differences in binding to extracellular HA help underlie CXCL12 isoform-specific responses toward directing angiogenesis.
The glucocorticoid receptor–FKBP51 complex contributes to fear conditioning and posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Haiyin Li, Ping Su, Terence K.Y. Lai, Anlong Jiang, Jing Liu, Dongxu Zhai, Charlie T.G. Campbell, Frankie H.F. Lee, WeiDong Yong, Suvercha Pasricha, Shupeng Li, Albert H.C. Wong, Kerry J. Ressler, Fang Liu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can develop after exposure to severe psychological trauma, leaving patients with disabling anxiety, nightmares, and flashbacks. Current treatments are only partially effective, and development of better treatments is hampered by limited knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying PTSD. We have discovered that the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51) form a protein complex that is elevated in PTSD patients compared with unaffected control subjects, subjects exposed to trauma without PTSD, and patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The GR-FKBP51 complex is also elevated in fear-conditioned mice, an aversive learning paradigm that models some aspects of PTSD. Both PTSD patients and fear-conditioned mice had decreased GR phosphorylation, decreased nuclear GR, and lower expression of 14-3-3ε, a gene regulated by GR. We created a peptide that disrupts GR-FKBP51 binding and reverses behavioral and molecular changes induced by fear conditioning. This peptide reduces freezing time and increases GR phosphorylation, GR-FKBP52 binding, GR nuclear translocation, and 14-3-3ε expression in fear-conditioned mice. These experiments demonstrate a molecular mechanism contributing to PTSD and suggest that the GR-FKBP51 complex may be a diagnostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for preventing or treating PTSD.
The Promises and Challenges of Toxico-Epigenomics: Environmental Chemicals and Their Impacts on the Epigenome
Authors: Felicia Fei-Lei Chung, Zdenko Herceg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2020)

Background: It has been estimated that a substantial portion of chronic and noncommunicable diseases can be caused or exacerbated by exposure to environmental chemicals. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that early life exposure to environmental chemicals at relatively low concentrations could have lasting effects on individual and population health. Although the potential adverse effects of environmental chemicals are known to the scientific community, regulatory agencies, and the public, little is known about the mechanistic basis by which these chemicals can induce long-term or transgenerational effects. To address this question, epigenetic mechanisms have emerged as the potential link between genetic and environmental factors of health and disease. Objectives: We present an overview of epigenetic regulation and a summary of reported evidence of environmental toxicants as epigenetic disruptors. We also discuss the advantages and challenges of using epigenetic biomarkers as an indicator of toxicant exposure, using measures that can be taken to improve risk assessment, and our perspectives on the future role of epigenetics in toxicology. Discussion: Until recently, efforts to apply epigenomic data in toxicology and risk assessment were restricted by an incomplete understanding of epigenomic variability across tissue types and populations. This is poised to change with the development of new tools and concerted efforts by researchers across disciplines that have led to a better understanding of epigenetic mechanisms and comprehensive maps of epigenomic variation. With the foundations now in place, we foresee that unprecedented advancements will take place in the field in the coming years. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6104
Liver Diseases in the Perinatal Period: Interactions Between Mother and Infant
Authors: Samar H. Ibrahim, Maureen M. Jonas, Sarah A. Taylor, Luz Helena Gutierrez Sanchez, Jaqueline L. Wolf, Shikha S. Sundaram
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Liver diseases affecting the mother and infant dyad may present in the perinatal period from 20 weeks of gestation to 28 days of life. This review will focus on the current approach to neonatal acute liver failure and the progress made in the diagnosis and management of gestational alloimmune liver disease. It will highlight mother‐to‐child transmission of viral hepatitis, both management and public health implications. Emerging concepts implicating maternal obesity and nutrition in the development of a rapidly progressive nonalcoholic steatohepatitis phenotype in the offspring will be discussed. Finally, the presentation and management of acute fatty liver of pregnancy and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, and their impact on the fetus, will be reviewed.
BMA calls for special conference after rejecting GP contract over unrealistic demands
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2020)

GP leaders have rejected an updated contract from NHS England and condemned the work that primary care networks (PCNs) are expected to deliver over the next four years.

The details of the proposed package of changes are confidential, but The BMJ understands that it includes minor changes to the five year GP contract agreed last February,1 together with the new conditions for the networks.

NHS England presented the BMA with a revised version of the requirements for general practices to participate in the networks just one day after the consultation on the proposals closed on 15 January. The draft requirements prompted strong criticism from GPs, who said that the …
Efficacy and Safety of Ipilimumab in Patients with Pretreated, Mucosal Melanoma: Experience from Italian Clinics Participating in the European Expanded Access Programme (EAP)
Authors: M. Del Vecchio, E. Simeone, V. Chiarion Sileni, C. Nuzzo, G. Rinaldi, A. Testori, F. De Galitiis, P. Queirolo, R. Marconcini, M. Maio
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
P-0174 Biliary Tract Cancer in a Moroccan Medical Oncology Unit
Authors: Nezar Bouyahia, Hafida Benhammane, Karima Oualla, Sami Aziz Brahmi, Khaoula Daoudi, Amine Chad, Zineb Benbrahim, Fatima Zahra El M'Rabet, Samia Arifi, Nawfel Mellas, Omar El Mesbahi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
What Do European Community Oncologists Expect From Esmo? a Survey in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Romania, and Spain by the Esmo Community Oncology Working Group
Authors: R. Eckert, R. Curca, G. D'Addario, M.V. Karamouzis, G. Lanzetta, P. Martin Martorell, D. Mauri, S. Rauh, S. Schmitz, K. Tamas
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Introduction to the Theme “Ion Channels and Neuropharmacology: From the Past to the Future”
Authors: Annette C. Dolphin, Paul A. Insel, Terrence F. Blaschke, Urs A. Meyer
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2020)

“Ion Channels and Neuropharmacology: From the Past to the Future” is the main theme of articles in Volume 60 of the Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. Reviews in this volume discuss a wide spectrum of therapeutically relevant ion channels and GPCRs with a particular emphasis on structural studies that elucidate drug binding sites and mechanisms of action. The regulation of ion channels by second messengers, including Ca 2+ and cyclic AMP, and lipid mediators is also highly relevant to several of the ion channels discussed, including KCNQ channels, HCN channels, L-type Ca 2+ channels, and AMPA receptors, as well as the aquaporin channels. Molecular identification of exactly where drugs bind in the structure not only elucidates their mechanism of action but also aids future structure-based drug discovery efforts to focus on relevant pharmacophores. The ion channels discussed here are targets for multiple nervous system diseases, including epilepsy and neuropathic pain. This theme complements several previous themes, including “New Therapeutic Targets,” “New Approaches for Studying Drug and Toxicant Action: Applications to Drug Discovery and Development,” and “New Methods and Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Pharmacology and Toxicology.”
Abstract 140: Prehospital Protocols for Post-Return of Spontaneous Circulation Care Are Highly Variable
Authors: Justin L Benoit, Jason T McMullan, Michael F Spigner, James J Menegazzi
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Up to 40% of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients will re-arrest in the immediate post-return of spontaneous circulation (post-ROSC) period, and re-arrest is associated with decreased survival. Cardiac arrest guidelines are equivocal regarding what post-ROSC care should be provided in the prehospital setting and when hospital transport should occur. Prehospital protocols must balance the benefit of time-dependent hospital-based care with the risk of early re-arrest. We sought to describe current prehospital protocols for post-ROSC care. Hypothesis: Prehospital protocols for post-ROSC care will be variable. Methods: A single trained abstractor systematically reviewed a purposive sample of prehospital protocols for adult non-traumatic cardiac arrest from the United States using an a priori standardized data abstraction form. Protocols were either stand-alone or integrated into intra-arrest care. Exclusion criteria were non-911 ground transport agencies and protocols not revised since the 2015 guideline update. All protocols were publically available via the Internet. Data abstraction was conducted in May 2019. The number of protocols that met pre-defined criteria were counted and summarized. Results: We identified and reviewed 82 prehospital protocols from 46 states and the District of Columbia. Seven protocols were excluded due to the revision date, leaving 75 protocol included in the study (Table). Six protocols (8%) provide no guidance on prehospital post-ROSC care. ECG acquisition (63/75 [84%]) and transport to specific post-ROSC hospitals (overall 55/75 [73%], but 22/55 [40%] are only if STEMI present) are common but not universal. Only 9 (12%) provide any guidance on when to initiate transport post-ROSC, with 4 (5%) requiring a post-ROSC stabilization period of at least 5 minutes prior to transport. Conclusion: Prehospital treatment and transport protocols for post-ROSC care are highly variable across the United States.