tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genetic and developmental disorders of the oral mucosa: Epidemiology; molecular mechanisms; diagnostic criteria; management
Authors: Roberto Pinna, Fabio Cocco, Guglielmo Campus, Giulio Conti, Egle Milia, Andrea Sardella, Maria Grazia Cagetti
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2019)

A large number of disorders may affect the oral cavity, including genetic diseases, infections, cancers, blood diseases, skin diseases, endocrine and metabolic disorders, autoimmune and rheumatologic diseases, local lesions, to name a few. Oral mucosa shows a considerable variation in its normal structure and a wide range of conditions may affect it. Such conditions are often harmless or minor and could be primary or secondary to systemic disease. Several of them are quite rare and, hence, the diagnosis is not easy. Clinically, lesions may appear as ulcers, discoloration of the oral mucosa and alterations in size and configuration of oral anatomy. Genetic disorders have specific manifestations and can be caused by a derangement of one or more components of the tissue. Many of them follow the skin or systemic signs of the underlying genetic disease, but in a few cases oral signs could be the first manifestation of the disorder. Among them genodermatoses are prominent. They are inherited disorders characterized by a multisystem involvement. This review describes chondro-ectodermal dysplasia, dyskeratosis congenita, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis, keratosis follicularis, lipoid proteinosis, multiple hamartoma syndrome, pachyonychia congenita, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, tuberous sclerosis and white sponge nevus. Other genetic disorders not included in the genodermatosis group and reported in the present review are: acanthosis nigricans, angio-osteo-hypertrophic syndrome, encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis, familial adenomatous polyposis, focal dermal hypoplasia, focal palmoplantar and oral mucosa hyperkeratosis syndrome, gingival fibromatosis, Maffucci's syndrome, neurofibromatosis (type 1) and oro-facial-digital syndrome (type 1). Disorders during embryonic development might lead to a wide range of abnormalities in the oral cavity; some of them are quite common but of negligible concern, whereas others are rare but serious, affecting not only the oral mucosa, but also other structures of the oral cavity (ie palate, tongue and gingiva). Fordyce's granules, leukoedema, cysts of the oral mucosa in newborns, retrocuspid papilla, geographic tongue, fissured tongue, median rhomboid glossitis, hairy tongue, lingual varices and lingual thyroid nodule are described. This review may help dentists, dental hygienists, but also general internists and pediatricians to diagnose different disorders of the oral mucosa, to understand the pathogenesis and to schedule a treatment plan.
GASTRIC PERORAL ENDOSCOPIC MYOTOMY (G-POEM) – FIRST EXPERIENCE
Authors: C Fleischmann, A Ebigbo, S Nagl, L Neuhaus, H Messmann
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Gastroparesis is defined as delayed stomach emptying in the absence of obstruction. Symptoms include vomiting, nausea, post-prandial fullness, epigastric pain, weight loss and early satiety. Etiology varies between post-surgical injury of the vagus nerve, diabetes mellitus or medication, yet one third of the cases are idiopathic.
Extract and component‐specific sensitization patterns in Canadian moderate‐to‐severe preschool asthmatics
Authors: Jennifer A. Hoang, Pouria Mashouri, Ruixue Dai, May G. Brydges, Aimée Dubeau, Claire Lépine, Xiaojun Yin, Krzysztof Kowalik, Stephanie DeLorenzo, Julia E. M. Upton, Theo J. Moraes, Reshma Amin, Indra Narang, Kathy Boutis, Suzanne Schuh, Geoffrey N. Maksym, Michael Brudno, Arun Ramani, Padmaja Subbarao, Thomas Eiwegger
Journal: Allergy (2019)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A PILOT STUDY OF NOVEL ENDOSCOPIC HAND-SUTURING FOR DEFECT CLOSURE AFTER COLORECTAL ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION
Authors: S Abe, Y Saito, Y Tanaka, M Ego, F Yanagisawa, K Kawashima, H Takamaru, M Sekiguchi, M Yamada, T Sakamoto, T Matsuda, O Goto, N Yahagi
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of endoscopic hand-suturing (EHS) and attainability of sustained closure after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).
Differential regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling in luminal, triple negative and HER2+ breast cancer cells
Authors: E. Zhidkova, V. Maksimova, E. Lylova, A. Savinkova, K. Kuzin, K. Kirsanov, M. Yakubovskaya, E. Lesovaya
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Glucocorticoids (GC) are frequently used in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer (BC). However, they develop numerous side effects including survival of resistant tumor subclones and promotion of metastasis. Biological response to GCs is mediated by glucocorticoid receptor (GR) regulating gene expression via transactivation (TA) associated with side effects of GC, and transrepression (TR), negative interaction between GR and transcription factors. The aims of this study were to investigate: 1) mechanisms of different GC treatment response in different BC cells subtypes; 2) effects of novel selective GR agonist Compound A (CpdA) on BC cells. Methods: MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453 cell lines and their subclones with GR knockdown were used as model cells. Cells were treated with Dexamethasone (Dex) and CpdA. Effects on cell growth were evaluated by trypan blue exclusion analysis and by flow cytometry with PI staining. Migration and invasion were determined by the transwell assay. Gap junction entirety was measured by scrape-load dye transfer assay. Expression of TA/TR specific genes as well as 15 genes associated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition and metastasis of BC (ANXA1, CJUN, COL1A1, COX2, CSF1, FIBL1, ICAM1, IL-6, IL-8, iNOS, KLF4, MKP1, MMP9, RHOB, SK1) were evaluated by q-PCR. Results: Dex and CpdA induced GR-mediated G1-phase arrest and suppressed cell proliferation by 50-70% in BC cells. CpdA shifted GR function towards therapeutically important TR. CpdA as opposed to Dex did not lead to loss of gap junctions. CpdA had a favorable therapeutic effect on 9/15 genes in luminal and 7/15 genes in HER2+ BC cells, down-regulating several mesenchymal markers associated with poor prognosis, in particular, on ANXA1, CJUN, ICAM1, IL-6, IL-8, iNOS, KLF4, RHOB, SK1 in luminal BC cells and on COL1A1, CJUN, COX2, IL-8, MMP9, RHOB, SK1 in HER2+ BC cells. Conclusions: Dex has stimulated cell motility and migration potential of all BC cells types, the most therapeutically unfavorable effect on metastasis promotion was observed for triple negative BC cells. CpdA keeps all benefits of GC with no effects on TA and migration potential of BC cells. Legal entity responsible for the study: N.N. Blokhin Medical Research Center of Oncology. Funding: Russian Science Foundation No.17-75-20124. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Impact of delayed adjuvant chemotherapy: The Royal Marsden Hospital (RMH) experience
Authors: A.F.C. Okines, E. Kipps, T. Irfan, M. Coakley, V. Aggelis, B. Asare, S.R.D. Johnston, M. Parton, N. Turner, I.E. Smith
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: The optimal time to deliver adjuvant chemotherapy has not been defined, although benefit for early chemotherapy (<20 days of surgery) was previously reported in pre-menopausal women with oestrogen-receptor (ER) negative cancers. More recently, a SEER database study demonstrated that overall survival declined with delays of ≥ 60 days. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of all patients who received adjuvant anthracycline and/or taxane-based chemotherapy at RMH 1993-2010. Data were collected for clinico-pathological features, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy regimens. The primary endpoint was 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) in patients commencing chemotherapy <31 days after surgery (early chemotherapy) compared to ≥ 31 days (delayed chemotherapy). Secondary endpoints included 5-year overall survival (OS) by early vs delayed chemotherapy, and outcomes in subgroups of patients defined by age, nodal status and ER and HER2 receptor status. Results: We identified 2003 eligible patients, 99.5% female, median age 50, 82.7% ductal, 57% grade 3, median tumour size 2.2cm, 57.1% with involved lymph nodes (median 1 node), 68% ER positive, 15.7% HER2 positive, 24.6% HER2 unknown. Median follow-up was 115 months. There was no difference in 5-year DFS rate in patients treated with early compared to delayed chemotherapy (81% vs 82% HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.91 -1.40, p = 0.324). No sub-group was identified in whom DFS was significantly affected by delaying chemotherapy. Five year OS rate was similar in patients who received early or delayed chemotherapy (90% compared to 91%, (HR 1.16, 95% CI 0.86-1.57, p = 0.321). For patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC, n = 250), mortality was twice as high in patients whose adjuvant chemotherapy was delayed compared to those receiving chemotherapy <31 days of surgery. (HR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.11-4.30, p = 0.02). Five year OS rate was 77% (95% CI 0.82-0.94) in TNBC patients who received late chemotherapy compared to 89% (95% CI 0.82-0.94) in those receiving early chemotherapy. Conclusions: Although delayed adjuvant chemotherapy did not affect DFS in our study, in patients with TNBC, delaying adjuvant chemotherapy beyond 30 days significantly reduced 5-year overall survival, and should therefore be avoided when possible. Legal entity responsible for the study: The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
The Primary-Secondary Care Partnership to Improve Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease (PSP-CKD) Study: A Cluster Randomized Trial in Primary Care
Authors: Rupert W. Major, Celia Brown, David Shepherd, Stephen Rogers, Warren Pickering, Graham L. Warwick, Shaun Barber, Nuzhat B. Ashra, Tom Morris, Nigel J. Brunskill
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2019)

Significance Statement Although most patients with CKD are managed in the primary care setting, the evidence base for CKD care in general practice is scant, and it is not clear whether specific CKD management programs can alter outcomes in primary care. The authors conducted a cluster randomized, controlled trial comparing 23 primary care practices offering usual care with 23 primary care practices in which a nurse practitioner helped those practices interpret patient data files and implement guideline-based CKD interventions. They found that the intervention did not affect rate of eGFR decline, but it did lead to significant improvements in processes, quality of care, and the number of patients achieving BP targets. This approach may improve processes of care, potentially reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease in patients with CKD. Background Most patients with CKD are managed in the community. Whether nurse-led CKD management programs improve outcomes in patients with CKD in primary care is unclear. Methods To assess the effect of such a program on the rate of renal function decline in patients with CKD (stages 3–5) in primary care in the United Kingdom, we conducted a cluster randomized trial, the Primary-Secondary Care Partnership to Improve Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease study. A software program designed for the study created a data file of patients with CKD in participating practices. In 23 intervention practices (11,651 patients), a CKD nurse practitioner worked with nominated practice leads to interpret the data file and implement guideline-based patient-level CKD management interventions. The 23 control practices (11,706 patients) received a data file but otherwise, continued usual CKD care. The primary outcome was defined at the cluster (practice) level as the change from baseline of the mean eGFR of the patients with CKD at 6-month intervals up to 42 months. Secondary outcomes included numbers of patients coded for CKD, mean BP, numbers of patients achieving National Institute for Health and Care Excellence BP targets for CKD, and proteinuria measurement. Results After 42 months, eGFR did not differ significantly between control and intervention groups. CKD- and proteinuria-related coding improved significantly along with the number of patients achieving BP targets in the intervention group versus usual care. Conclusions CKD management programs in primary care may not slow progression of CKD, but they may significantly improve processes of care and potentially decrease the cardiovascular disease burden in CKD and related costs.
PATENCY CAPSULE IN CROHN'S DISEASE – IS IT SAFE?
Authors: M Silva, A Peixoto, S Gomes, AL Santos, P Moreira, A Corte Real Nunes, S Lopes, G Macedo
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Videocapsule endoscopy (VCE) is a non-invasive method for examining the small bowel. VCE retention is the most feared complication of these devices and a patency capsule (PC) may be used to safely perform VCE.
Coloscopie sans sédation: facteurs prédictifs de mauvaise tolérance et de difficulté de progression
Authors: B Bouchabou, M Medhioub, M Mahmoudi, A Khsiba, L Hamzaoui, MM Azouz
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Une colonoscopie totale est définie par la visualisation du bas fond caecal, l'orifice appendiculaire et la valvule iléo-caecale. Cette procédure est de difficulté très variable dépendant de la variabilité de l'expérience de l'opérateur et les différences entre les patients. Le but de cette étude était d'identifier les différents facteurs, en dehors de la compétence de l'endoscopiste, pouvant prédire la douleur du patient et la difficulté technique lors de la coloscopie sans sédation.
Abstract 14105: Apoptosis Inhibitor of Macrophage Activates Inflammatory Response After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Toshiyuki Nishikido, Aya Shiraki, Jun-ichi Oyama, Koichi Node
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: The persistent inflammation response after myocardial infarction increases myocardial injury, and causes heart failure due to cardiac dysfunction and remodeling. TLR-4 was activated by the recognition of not only pathogen-associated molecular patterns but also endogenous ligands and it serves as a proinflammatory function in circumstances involving myocardial tissue injury. Whereas, it was reported the apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) provoke an efflux of saturated free fatty acid, one of the TLR-4 ligands, due to lipolysis, which causes the chronic inflammation via TLR-4 pathway in adipose tissue. Hypothesis: This study investigated the hypothesis that AIM activates a proinflammatory response after myocardial infarction. Methods: The ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery to induced myocardial infarction was performed on both AIM-deficient (AIM-/-) mice and wild-type mice. After 3 days, the inflammation responses were assessed in TLR-4/NFkB activation pathway. And infarct size/area-at-risk was measured by staining with Evans blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride. In addition, the left ventricular remodeling was examined after 28 days. Results: AIM-/- mice showed significantly smaller infarct size compared with wild-type mice given similar area at risk (20.8±0.6% vs. 27.8±1.9%, p=0.02). In AIM-/- mice with reduction of plasma free fatty acid, IRAK4 in TLR-4/NFkB pathway and NFkB activity were decreased on myocardium (p=0.02, 0.03 vs. wild-type, respectively). Moreover, there was the reduction of myeloperoxidase activity and iNOS in the inflammation response (p&lt;0.01, p=0.03, respectively). We found that the NFkB DNA-binding activation via TLR-4, neutrophil infiltration, and inflammatory mediator were decreased in AIM-/- mice compared with wild-type mice after 3days. And, the heart weight to body weight ratio, myocardial fibrosis of AIM-/- mice were decreased, and a survival rate improved after 28 days (p&lt;0.01). Conclusions: AIM-/- mice demonstrated less inflammation response and smaller infarction size after myocardial infarction, suggesting AIM may activate a proinflammatory of TLR-4 after myocardial infarction.
Phylogeographic patterns of the African swine fever virus
Authors: Xuejuan Shen, Zhiqing Pu, Yiliang Li, Shu Yu, Fucheng Guo, Tingting Luo, Xiaobing Li, Xu Zhang, Wen Luo, Yutan Fan, David M. Irwin, Rui-Ai Chen, Yongyi Shen
Journal: Journal of Infection (2019)
ENDOSCOPIC DIAGNOSIS OF NON-PEDUNCULATED DYSPLASIA DURING SURVEILLANCE IN THE ULCERATIVE COLITIS: A SURVEY-BASED, MULTINATIONAL STUDY
Authors: DH Yang, S John, F Mitsuhiro, JS Byeon, JM Cha, HW Kim, HG Kim, S Friedland, YX Koh, JY Yoon, MS Kwak, BD Ye, SK Yang, J Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic diagnosis for “non-pedunculated” dysplasia or colitic cancer in the ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.
Abstract 14556: Negative Adenosine Challenge Predicts Absence of Spontaneous Reconnection in the Ablation of Cavotricuspid Isthmus-dependent Atrial Flutter
Authors: Katrina Bidwell, Mary Melissa Czarapata, Bridget Pagan, Gbolohan Ogunbayo, Samy Claude Elayi
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Catheter ablation of the cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) is an effective treatment modality for typical right atrial CTI-dependent flutter with the goal being permanent bidirectional block ...
Abstract 20499: The Effect of Left Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation on Cardiac Contractility, Peak Heart Rate, and Cardiopulmonary Fitness in Patients With Long QT Syndrome
Authors: Heather N Anderson, J. M Bos, Ram K Rohatgi, Michael J Ackerman
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The primary treatment for patients with long QT syndrome (LQTS) is beta blocker therapy. However, some patients still experience breakthrough cardiac events or intolerable side effect...
Screening Options for Preventing Cervical Cancer
Authors: Sarah Feldman
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

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Abstract 19214: Echocardiographic Diagnosis of Chiari's Network and Arterial Embolic Events
Authors: Lee Joseph, Chad Ward, Musab Alqasrawi, Brodie Marthaler, April Shewmake, Josiah Zubairu, Abraham Sonny, Hardik Doshi, Nicole Worden, Michael C Giudici
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: The clinical significance of Chiari’s network identified by echocardiogram is not yet established. A few authors have hypothesized that Chiari’s network may be associated with a patent foramen ovale, atrial septal aneurysm and paradoxical embolism. We set out to better understand the relationships of arterial embolic events and echocardiographic diagnosis of Chiari’s network in our adult population. Methods: We reviewed unique subject-adult transesophageal echocardiograms (TEE) performed at UIHC between November 2010 and March 2015 (n=3,703); we identified subjects with transesophageal echocardiographic diagnosis of Chiari’s network. Chiari’s network was observed in 6.2% of all TEE studies (n=229); males represented 59.8% with mean age of 61.5±16.3 years and mean left ventricular ejection fraction 53.8% ± 13.6%. Retrospective chart review was then performed to evaluate clinical variables encompassing a median [IQR] follow up of 8 months [2-19]. Results: Patent foramen ovale and atrial septal aneurysm were present in 22.3% and 11.4% subjects respectively. Approximately one half of patients (n=115, 50.2%) experienced at least one systemic embolic event by the end of the follow up period. Of these, 84 (36.7%) and 30 (13.1%) patients suffered stroke and transient ischemic events respectively. The all-cause mortality rate was high at 13.5%. Atrial tachyarrhythmia was present in 59 subjects (25.8%). The rate of systemic embolic events was higher in those without atrial tachyarrhythmia compared to those with atrial tachyarrhythmia (58.2% vs. 27.1%, p=0.000; OR (95% CI),0.267 (0.139-0.511). Antithrombotic therapy was prescribed in 79% of all subjects, 86.4% of patients with atrial tachyarrhythmia and 95.5% of patients with systemic embolic events. Conclusions: Patients with Chiari’s network have a high incidence of atrial tachyarrhythmia and systemic embolic events, primarily embolic stroke and transient ischemic events. Systemic embolic events occurred at significantly higher rates in subjects with Chiari’s network and no atrial tachyarrhythmia than those with atrial tachyarrhythmia. Future studies are warranted to further elucidate the risk of thromboembolic events in patients with Chiari’s network.
ENDOSCOPIC FULL-THICKNESS RESECTION OF COLORECTAL LESIONS – A DUTCH NATIONWIDE PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: LW Zwager, MES Bronzwaer, BW van der Spek, GDN Heine, KJC Haasnoot, H van der Sluis, LE Perk, JJ Boonstra, ST Rietdijk, HJ Wolters, BLAM Weusten, LPL Gilissen, WR ten Hove, WB Nagengast, FC Bekkering, MP Schwartz, P Fockens, BAJ Bastiaansen
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

A subset of colorectal lesions is not suitable for conventional endoscopic resection because of increased risk for incomplete resection or perforation. Recently, endoscopic full-thickness resection (eFTR) was introduced to allow definite diagnosis and radical treatment of lesions that otherwise might have required surgical resection. We prospectively evaluated all eFTR procedures performed in the Netherlands with the full-thickness resection device (FTRD, Ovesco Endoscopy, Tübingen, Germany).
Utility of 18F-FDG PET/CT in Infantile Myofibromatosis
Authors: Elizabeth R. Tang, Hedieh Khalatbari, Marguerite T. Parisi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

Infantile myofibromatosis, a rare, nonmalignant disease seen almost exclusively in the pediatric population, can involve skin, muscle, soft tissues, bone, or viscera in either solitary or multicentric pattern. Although nonmalignant, visceral involvement in infantile myofibromatosis is a key prognostic indicator, which is associated with mortality in 75% of patients. Those with pulmonary involvement have a particularly poor outcome. This case illustrates the diagnostic utility of F-FDG PET/CT in defining disease extent in this unusual entity and compares it to other commonly used imaging modalities.
Abstract 18916: Under-recognized Entity of the Transient Rise in the Atrial Capture Threshold Early After Dual-chamber Pacemaker Implantation
Authors: Yoshiko Uehara, Kentaro Yoshida, Mari Ebine, Noriyuki Takeyasu, Kazutaka Aonuma, Akihiko Nogami
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Steroid-eluting pacemaker leads suppress the acute rise in pacing thresholds by preventing inflammatory processes. However, we occasionally encounter not persistent but transient rise...