tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and oncologic outcome of salvage surgery in isolated seminal vesical remnants after radical prostatectomy.
Authors: David Pfister, Friederike Haidl, Tim Nestler, Pia Paffenholz, Axel Heidenreich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

137 Background: Improved imaging modalities identify metastatic prostate cancer earlier. Atypical and oligometastatic disease is identified more often. Thus a more individual treatment approach in oligometastatic prostate cancer is getting more popular. We demonstrate our results in recurrent disease in seminal vesical remnants after radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy. Methods: A total of 33 patients underwent open resection of locoregional recurrence in seminal vesicals. In case of suspicious 68 Ga-PSMA-PET findings in the small pelvis an additional ipsilateral lymph node dissection was performed in 10 patients. 11 patients already received hormone treatment fulfilling the definition of castration resistant prostate cancer. Age, PSA-DT, PSA, time to recurrence after primary treatment resection status were used in a uni and multivariate-cox regression analysis for biochemical relapse after surgery. Results: Median patient age at time of salvage surgery was 70(57-77) years. Median PSA and PSA-DT was 2.79(0.4-61.54)ng/ml and 5.4(1.6-20.1)months respectively. Median surgical time and hospital stay was 132 (75-313)min and 5.5(4-13)days. Median progression-free survival was 29 (8-47) months. After a mean follow-up of 22 months (3-68) months three patients died 8, 14, and 40 months after salvage surgery. In a univariable cox-regression analyses age at time of surgery, preoperative PSA and the time from primary treatment to salvage surgery have been identified as significant parameters for biochemichal relapse. Only the interval from primary to salvage surgery was significant with a Hazard ratio of 1.008 (95%-CI 1.001-1.015, p=0,018) in multivariate analysis. 4 adjunctive surgeries (Ureterovericoneostomy n=3 and one nephrectomy) were needed due to local progressive disease. Conclusions: Seminal vesicle resection is feasible with no significant intra and postoperative complications even in CRPC. Although there is a good median progression-free survival after 5 years almost all patients had biochemical or systemic relapse. Salvage surgery must be seen as prevention for local symptoms, to our experience most often postrenal ipsilateral obstruction.
Body Mass Index in Young Women and Risk of Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Josefina Robertson, Martin Lindgren, Maria Schaufelberger, Martin Adiels, Lena Björck, Christina E. Lundberg, Naveed Sattar, Annika Rosengren, Maria Åberg
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Incidence rates of cardiomyopathies, which are a common cause of heart failure in young people, have increased during the last decades. An association between body weight in adolescence and future cardiomyopathy among men was recently identified. Whether or not this holds true also for women is unknown. The aim was therefore to determine whether for young women being overweight or obese is associated with a higher risk of developing cardiomyopathy.This was a registry-based national prospective cohort study with data collected from the Swedish Medical Birth Register, 1982 to 2014, with up to 33 years of follow-up. Included women were of childbearing age (18-45 years) during the initial antenatal visit in their first or second pregnancy (n=1 393 346). We obtained baseline data on body mass index (BMI), smoking, education, and previous disorders. After exclusions, mainly because of previous disorders, the final sample was composed of 1 388 571 women. Cardiomyopathy cases were identified by linking the Medical Birth Register to the National Patient and Cause of Death registers.In total, we identified 1699 cases of cardiomyopathy (mean age at diagnosis, 46.2 [SD 9.1] years) during the follow-up with an incidence rate of 5.9 per 100 000 observation years. Of these, 481 were diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy, 246 had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 61 had alcohol/drug-induced cardiomyopathy, and 509 had other forms. The lowest risk for being diagnosed with a cardiomyopathy was detected at a BMI of 21 kg/m2, with a gradual increase in risk with higher BMI, particularly for dilated cardiomyopathy, where a hazard ratio of 4.71 (95% CI, 2.81-7.89) was found for severely obese subjects (BMI ≥35 kg/m2), as compared with BMI 20 to <22.5.Elevated BMI among young women was associated with an increased risk of being diagnosed with a subsequent cardiomyopathy, especially dilated cardiomyopathy, starting already at mildly elevated body weight, whereas severe obesity entailed an almost 5-fold increase in risk. With the increasing numbers of persons who are overweight or obese, higher rates of cardiomyopathy can be expected in the future, along with an altered disease burden related to adiposity.
Physical activity assessment among men undergoing genetic counseling for inherited prostate cancer: A teachable moment.
Authors: Veda N. Giri, Brandy-Joe Milliron, Elizabeth Sinclair, Elias Obeid, Christa Smaltz, Meaghan Butryn, Michael Bruneau
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

360 Background: Genetic counseling (GC) and genetic testing (GT) for prostate cancer (PCA) is growing rapidly for men with or at risk for PCA. GC provides opportunities to promote a healthy lifestyle and is understudied in men. To inform future lifestyle interventions, we assessed adherence to physical activity (PA) guidelines among a sample of men undergoing PCA GC/GT at two academic institutions. Methods: Participants enrolled in the Genetic Evaluation of Men study completed a structured lifestyle questionnaire to assess frequency of PA over the past year, including intensity of aerobic activity and strength-based activities. Data were evaluated as M±SD by PCA status, PCA aggressiveness (Gleason&gt;7, T3, or metastatic disease), family history, and body mass index (BMI) with Chi-Square contingency analyses and adjusted residuals. Demographic characteristics predictive of PA adherence with current Department of Health and Human Services and American College of Sports Medicine PA guidelines were assessed using logistic regression analyses. Alpha levels were set a priori to p&lt;.05. Results: Men with (n=158) or at risk (n=96) for PCA who underwent GC/GT were included; 84% were overweight or obese. Men with PCA had less adherence to engaging in moderate (p=.02) and vigorous (p=.01) PA than men without PCA. Men overall who reported engaging in strength-based PA did meet the recommended guideline of 2-3 days per week (p&lt;.01). Lower BMI (p=.05) and higher education (p&lt;.01) were found to be significant predictors for adherence to vigorous PA; older age (p=.02) and higher education (p&lt;.01) were found to be significant predictors for adherence to strength-based PA; and, higher education (p=.02) was found to predict adherence to light and moderate PA (p&lt;.05). Conclusions: High proportions of men undergoing PCA GC/GT were overweight/obese. Furthermore, men with PCA did not adhere to current PA guidelines. Age, BMI, and education were important predictors of PA engagement, which should be considered in intervention development. GC encounters represent “teachable moments” to promote healthy lifestyle among men, which may have additional benefit for survivorship and improved treatment experience.
The HILO Study: High Volumes and Flow Rates of Subcutaneous IgPro20 Pump-assisted Infusions in Patients with Primary Immunodeficiency
Authors: John Anderson, Vincent Bonagura, Juthaporn Cowan, Chengping Hu, Shahzad Mustafa, Niraj Patel, John Routes, Panida Sriaroon, Donald VINH, Jutta Hofmann, Mikhail Rojavin
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
A Primer on Interstitial Lung Disease and Thoracic Radiation
Authors: Christopher D. Goodman, Suzan F.M. Nijman, Suresh Senan, Esther J. Nossent, Christopher J. Ryerson, Inderdeep Dhaliwal, X. Melody Qu, Joanna Laba, George B. Rodrigues, David A. Palma
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020)
Effectiveness of an Adjunctive Psychotherapeutic Intervention Developed for Enhancing the Placebo Effect of Antidepressants Used within an Inpatient-Treatment Program of Major Depression: A Pragmatic Parallel-Group, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Benedikt Bernd Claus, Norbert Scherbaum, Udo Bonnet
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2020)
Abstract 14639: Serum Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Level is an Independent Predictor of the Long-Term Incidence of Supraventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Aiko Sakamoto, Nobukazu Ishizaka, Masae Uehara, Jiro Ando, Issei Komuro
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) may contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease. However, the association of elevated serum PCSK9 levels with the incid...
Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment of high-risk, early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: results from the phase 1b open-label, multicohort KEYNOTE-173 study
Authors: P. Schmid, R. Salgado, Y.H. Park, E. Muñoz-Couselo, S.B. Kim, J. Sohn, S.-A. Im, T. Foukakis, S. Kuemmel, R. Dent, L. Yin, A. Wang, K. Tryfonidis, V. Karantza, J. Cortés, S. Loi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Probiotics maintain the intestinal microbiome homeostasis of the sailors during a long sea voyage
Authors: Jiachao Zhang, Jinshan Zhao, Hao Jin, Ruirui Lv, Huiwen Shi, Guozhong De, Bo Yang, Zhihong Sun, Heping Zhang
Journal: Gut Microbes (2020)

The challenging conditions encountered during long sea voyages increase the risk of health-threatening physiological and psychological stress for sailors compared with land-based workers. However, how the intestinal microbiota responds to a long sea voyage and whether there is a feasible approach for protecting gut health during sea voyage are still unexplored. Here, we designed a 30-d longitudinal study including a placebo group (n = 42) and a probiotic group (n = 40) and used shotgun metagenomic sequencing to explore the impacts of sea voyage on the intestinal microbiome of sailors. By comparing the intestinal microbiome of subjects in the placebo group at baseline (d 0) and at the end of the sea voyage (d 30), we observed an alteration in the intestinal microbiome during the long sea voyage based on the microbial structure; the results revealed an increase in the species Streptococcus gordonii and Klebsiella pneumoniae as well as a decrease in some functional features. However, the change in the microbial structure of sailors in the probiotic group between d 0 and d 30 was limited, which indicated a maintenance effect of probiotics on intestinal microbiome homeostasis. At the metagenomic strain level, a generally positive correlation was observed between probiotics and the strains belonging to Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium animalis, whereas a common negative correlation was observed between probiotics and Clostridium leptum; this result revealed the potential mechanism of maintaining intestinal microbiome homeostasis by probiotics. The present study provided a feasible approach for protecting gut health during a long sea voyage.
An Abbreviated MRI Protocol for Breast Cancer Screening in Women With Dense Breasts
Authors: Anna N. A. Tosteson
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immune globulin subcutaneous, human – klhw 20% solution (Xembify®, IGSC-C 20%) has a positive safety and tolerability profile in an open-label, multicenter, phase 3 study in primary immunodeficiency (PI)
Authors: H. James Wedner, John Sleasman, William Lumry, Iftikhar Hussain, James Harris, Elsa Mondou, Jiang Lin, Carrie Hames, Montse Querolt, Mark Stein
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
A multivariate logistic regression model based on 3T mpMRI, clinical, and biopsy parameters for the prediction of prostate cancer extracapsular extension.
Authors: Sohrab Afshari Mirak, Steven Raman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

27 Background: Extracapsular extension (ECE) of prostate cancer (PCa) is a poor prognostic factor associated with progression, recurrence after treatment and increased PCa- related mortality. Accurate staging prior to radical prostatectomy is crucial in avoidance of positive margins and when planning nerve-sparing procedures. This study investigated the predictive value of clinical, biopsy &amp; 3TmpMRI parameters using a multivariate logistic model for per-lesion detection of PCa ECE with wholemount histopathology (WMHP) as reference. Methods: This IRB approved, HIPAA compliant study included 575 patients with 774 true positive PCa lesions, who underwent radical prostatectomy between 7/2010-2/2019. The relationship between pathologic ECE &amp; parameters including clinical; age, prostate specific antigen (PSA) &amp; PSA density (PSAD), biopsy; percentage of positive systematic cores &amp; Gleason score (GS) &amp; 3TmpMRI; prostate volume, number of lesions per patient, size, location, level, PIRADSv2 score, laterality, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value &amp; risk of ECE on MRI was evaluated using bivariate and multivariate analysis. The accuracy of the final model was evaluated using ROC analysis. Results: 27.8% (215/774), 42.9% (332/774) &amp; 29.3% (227/774) of the lesions were PIRADSv2 score 3, 4 &amp; 5 &amp; 59.9% (464/774), 24.7% (191/774) &amp; 17.7% (137/774) were low, intermediate &amp; high risk for ECE, respectively. 23.6% (183/774) of the lesions had ECE on WMHP. On bivariate analysis higher PSA, PSAD, percentage of positive biopsy cores, biopsy GS, size, PIRADSv2 score, ADC value, risk of ECE on MRI, location (posterior), level(midgland &amp; base), bilaterality &amp; lower number of lesions per patient were significant for ECE prediction. The multivariate logistic model included age, PSAD, number of lesions per patient, size, location, level, PIRADSv2 score &amp; risk of ECE on MRI. The AUC for the prediction of ECE for this model was 0.85. Conclusions: This multivariate regression model based on clinical, biopsy &amp; 3TmpMRI parameters have a high predictive value for pathology ECE detection.
The Role of Bile Acids in Food Allergy and Responses to Oral Immunotherapy by Metabolomic Profiling
Authors: Yamini Virkud, Rachel Kelly, Sarita Patil, Bert Ruiter, Neal Smith, Augusto Litonjua, Scott Weiss, Jessica Lasky Su, Wayne Shreffler
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
Adrenomyeloneuropathy Masquerading as Chronic Myelitis
Authors: Carine Azar, Natalia Shor, Yann Nadjar
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Clinical and computed tomographic imaging features of novel coronavirus pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Yu-Huan Xu, Jing-Hui Dong, Wei-Min An, Xiao-Yan Lv, Xiao-Ping Yin, Jian-Zeng Zhang, Li Dong, Xi Ma, Hong-Jie Zhang, Bu-Lang Gao
Journal: Journal of Infection (2020)

PurposeTo investigate the clinical and imaging characteristics of computed tomography (CT) in novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) caused by SARS-CoV-2.Materials and methodsA retrospective analysis was performed on the imaging findings of patients confirmed with COVID-19 pneumonia who had chest CT scanning and treatment after disease onset. The clinical and imaging data were analyzed.ResultsFifty patients were enrolled, including mild type in nine, common in 28, severe in 10 and critically severe in the rest three. Mild patients (29 years) were significantly (P<0.03) younger than either common (44.5 years) or severe (54.7) and critically severe (65.7 years) patients, and common patients were also significantly (P<0.03) younger than severe and critically severe patients. Mild patients had low to moderate fever (<39.1 °C), 49 (98%) patients had normal or slightly reduced leukocyte count, 14 (28%) had decreased counts of lymphocytes, and 26 (52%) patients had increased C-reactive protein. Nine mild patients were negative in CT imaging. For all the other types of NCP, the lesion was in the right upper lobe in 30 cases, right middle lobe in 22, right lower lobe in 39, left upper lobe in 33 and left lower lobe in 36. The lesion was primarily located in the peripheral area under the pleura with possible extension towards the pulmonary hilum. Symmetrical lesions were seen in 26 cases and asymmetrical in 15. The density of lesion was mostly uneven with ground glass opacity as the primary presentation accompanied by partial consolidation and fibrosis.ConclusionCT imaging presentations of NCP are mostly patchy ground glass opacities in the peripheral areas under the pleura with partial consolidation which will be absorbed with formation of fibrotic stripes if improved. CT scanning provides important bases for early diagnosis and treatment of NCP.
A key role for IL-13 signaling via the type 2 IL-4 receptor in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Ariel Munitz, Almog Bitton, Shmuel Avlas, Hadar Reichman, Michal Itan, Danielle Karo-Atar, Nurit Azouz, Perri Rozenberg, Limor Nahari, Marc Rothenberg, Itai Benhar
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
Differential diagnosis of illness in patients under investigation for the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), Italy, February 2020
Authors: Licia Bordi, Emanuele Nicastri, Laura Scorzolini, Antonino Di Caro, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Concetta Castilletti, Eleonora Lalle
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2020)

A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified as the causative pathogen of an ongoing outbreak of respiratory disease, now named COVID-19. Most cases and sustained transmission occurred in China, but travel-associated cases have been reported in other countries, including Europe and Italy. Since the symptoms are similar to other respiratory infections, differential diagnosis in travellers arriving from countries with wide-spread COVID-19 must include other more common infections such as influenza and other respiratory tract diseases.
Non-communicable respiratory disease and air pollution exposure in Malawi: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Sarah Rylance, Chris Jewell, Andrew Naunje, Frank Mbalume, John D Chetwood, Rebecca Nightingale, Lindsay Zurba, Graham Flitz, Stephen B Gordon, Maia Lesosky, John R Balmes, Kevin Mortimer
Journal: Thorax (2020)

Rationale There are no population-based studies from sub-Saharan Africa describing longitudinal lung function in adults. Objectives To explore the lung function trajectories and their determinants, including the effects of air pollution exposures and the cleaner-burning biomass-fuelled cookstove intervention of the Cooking and Pneumonia Study (CAPS), in adults living in rural Malawi. Methods We assessed respiratory symptoms and exposures, spirometry and measured 48-hour personal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and carbon monoxide (CO), on three occasions over 3 years. Longitudinal data were analysed using mixed-effects modelling by maximum likelihood estimation. Measurements and main results We recruited 1481 adults, mean (SD) age 43.8 (17.8) years, including 523 participants from CAPS households (271 intervention; 252 controls), and collected multiple spirometry and air pollution measurements for 654 (44%) and 929 (63%), respectively. Compared with Global Lung Function Initiative African-American reference ranges, mean (SD) FEV 1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s) and FVC (forced vital capacity) z-scores were −0.38 (1.14) and −0.19 (1.09). FEV 1 and FVC were determined by age, sex, height, previous TB and body mass index, with FEV 1 declining by 30.9 mL/year (95% CI: 21.6 to 40.1) and FVC by 38.3 mL/year (95% CI: 28.5 to 48.1). There was decreased exposure to PM 2.5 in those with access to a cookstove but no effect on lung function. Conclusions We did not observe accelerated lung function decline in this cohort of Malawian adults, compared with that reported in healthy, non-smoking populations from high-income countries; this suggests that the lung function deficits we measured in adulthood may have origins in early life.