tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
US Nationwide Disclosure of Industry Payments and Public Trust in Physicians
Authors: Genevieve P. Kanter, Daniel Carpenter, Lisa S. Lehmann, Michelle M. Mello
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> Transparency of industry payments to physicians could engender greater public trust in physicians but might also lead to greater mistrust of physicians and the medical profession, adversely affecting the patient-physician relationship. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the association between nationwide public disclosure of industry payments and Americans’ trust in their physicians and trust in the medical profession. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Survey study using difference-in-difference analyses of a national longitudinal survey comparing changes in states where industry payments were newly disclosed by Open Payments with changes in states where payments information was already available because of state sunshine laws. The US population-based surveys were conducted in September 2014—shortly before the initial public disclosure of industry payments—and again in September 2016. Final analyses were conducted September through December 2018. Participants were adults 18 years and older (n = 1388). <h3>Exposures</h3> National public disclosure through Open Payments of payments made by pharmaceutical and medical device firms to physicians. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Wake Forest measure of trust in one’s own physician and Wake Forest measure of trust in the medical profession. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 3542 original survey respondents, 2180 (61.5%) completed the second survey 2 years later, and 1388 named the same most frequently seen physician in both surveys. The mean age of respondents at the time of the first survey was 53 years, and 749 (54.0%) were women. Race/ethnicity was white in 76.6% (1063 of 1388) and non-Hispanic black in 8.0% (111 of 1388). Public disclosure of payments was associated with lower trust in one’s own physician regardless of whether respondents knew their physicians had received payments (decrease in Wake Forest measure of trust in one’s own physician of 0.56 point; 95% CI, −0.79 to −0.32 point;<i>P</i> &lt; .001). Open Payments was also associated with lower trust in the medical profession (decrease in Wake Forest measure of trust in the medical profession of 0.35 point; 95% CI, −0.58 to −0.12 point;<i>P</i> = .004). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Nationwide public disclosure of industry payments may be associated with decreased trust in physicians and in the medical profession. More judicious presentation of payments information may counteract unintended negative trust and spillover consequences of public disclosure.
Kinin blood system in local application of bisphosphonate in complex treatment of patients with osteolytic bone metastases.
Authors: Artyom Andreyevich Barashev, Oleg Ivanovich Kit, Elena Mikhaylovna Frantsiyants, Larisa Kozlova
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e21502 Background: Development of pain syndrome in osteolytic metastases is induced by release of algogens. Bradykinin (BK) is an important algogen, its formation and destruction can play the main role in maintaining the quality of life of patients. The purpose of the study was to analyze the kinin-kallikrein system (KKS) in blood plasma of patients in treatment for osteolytic metastases for assessment of BK effect on the development of pain syndrome. Methods: Blood plasma of 70 cancer patients with osteolytic metastases (T2-3N0-2M1) was studied before the surgery (b/s), during the in-hospital (IHP, 7 days) and posthospital (PHP, 1-6 months) periods, as well as blood plasma of 32 donors (D). The control group – 30 patients (CG, 19 women, 11 men), standard complex treatment; the main group – 40 patients (MG, 29 women, 11 men), complex treatment + zoledronic acid (ZA) locally. Mean age 53.3±4.9 years. Kinetics of KKS enzymes was determined using the double beam spectrophotometer HITACHI U-2900 IIO UV Solutions. Results: Pathological activation of KKS was detected in blood plasma of CG and MG b/s, no significant differences between CG and MG. On day 7 of IHP, kallikrein (K) activity increased in blood of 93.8% of CG patients (p < 0.01) in comparison with b/s, prekallikrein (PK) was unchanged in all patients. Activity of carboxypeptidase N (CPN) in CG was at the b/s level. Pain syndrome in all CG patients by the 7th day after standard therapy maintained. In MG, K activity decreased by 1.4 times (p < 0.01) in comparison with b/s. CPN activity was 1.8 times higher than b/s which reduced the time of BK influence on nociceptors. After the local treatment with ZA, by the 7th day 39 of 40 patients did not experience pain or it reduced significantly. By the end of IHP differences in the severity of pain between CG and MG maintained. During PHP, CG experienced pain relief by the end of 1 month, MG – still no pain. Pain returned by the end of the 6thmonth in 66.7% of CG and in 62.5% of MG. Conclusions: BK participates in pain development in osteolytic metastases. Early reduce of the pain syndrome in MG was associated with ZA-induced CPN activation.
TCTAP A-117 Impact of Visceral Fat Accumulation on Initiation of Arteriosclerosis Assessed by the Cardio-ankle Vascular Index
Authors: Tadashi Itagaki, Kyuhachi Otagiri, Keisuke Machida, Takahiro Takeuchi, Hiroshi Kitabayashi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)
Outcome comparison of allogeneic vs. autologous stem cell transplantation in transformed low grade lymphoid malignancies: A meta-analysis of comparative studies.
Authors: Seongseok Yun, Nicole Vincelette, Jennifer Segar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

8566 Background: Low grade lymphoid malignancy is incurable disease with a chronic relapsing disease course, requiring recurrent therapeutic interventions. Stem cell transplantation (SCT) has become the cornerstone in the cure of this disease. While both allogeneic and autologous SCTs have been shown to improve survival compared to conventional chemotherapy, allogeneic SCT is associated with higher treatment related mortality (TRM) and autologous SCT with higher post-transplantation relapse. We report a meta-analysis of the clinical outcomes of allogeneic vs. autologous SCT in patients with transformed low grade lymphoid malignancies. Methods: We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases for comparative studies of allogeneic vs. autologous SCT in adult patients with low grade lymphoid malignancies including follicular lymphoma (FL), chronic lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL). Relative risks (RR) and 95% CI were calculated using random effects models. Results: Four comparative studies were retained for the meta-analysis, and a total of 526 patients were included in the analysis. Of these, 124 underwent allogeneic SCT and 402 autologous SCT. Overall survival (OS) was 50.0% vs. 66.4% (RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.17-1.84, p= 0.001), relapse rate 37.3% vs. 35.3% (RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.70-1.55, p= 0.84), and TRM 31.5% vs. 6.7% (RR 4.53, 95% CI 2.89-7.09, p< 0.00001) for allogeneic and autologous SCT, respectively. Previous rituximab treatment or a reduced intensity conditioning regimen prior to SCT did not have independent prognostic impact. Conclusions: Autologous SCT may be the better therapeutic option in patients with transformed low grade lymphoid malignancies regardless of previous rituximab treatment or prior SCT conditioning regimens.
SAT-385-Production and characterization of human liver extracellular matrix hydrogels for in vitro culture of distinct human primary liver cell populations
Authors: Niki Alevra Sarika, Valéry L. Payen, Maximilien Fleron, Véronique Préat, Gabriel Mazzucchelli, Edwin de Pauw, Adil El Taghdouini, Anne des Rieux, Etienne M. Sokal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Provider and patient gender influence on timing of do-not-resuscitate in hospitalized patients with cancer.
Authors: Melissa Crosby, Lee Cheng, Alma Yvette DeJesus, Maria Alma Rodriguez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20500 Background: End-of-life care decision making and advance directives require timely discussions between physician and patient, but barriers exist to these discussions. We evaluated the influence of physician and patient gender on the timing of do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders among patients with cancer. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all adult patients ( ≥ 18 years) with cancer who received inpatient care at MD Anderson Cancer Center, and received an inpatient DNR between January 01, 2011 and December 31, 2013. We collected demographic and clinical variables of patients and the gender and specialty of the physicians who wrote the DNR orders. Gender difference between physician and patients in relation to the timing of the DNR order was analyzed. Results: We identified 4,157 unique patients with a cancer diagnosis. These patients were treated by 353 physicians. Of the 353 physicians, 34.8% (n = 123) were women and 65.2% (n = 230) were men. The median number of patients per physician was 6. Patients of female physicians were significantly more likely to be female, have uterine, cervical, and ovarian cancer and have solid tumors with metastatic disease. Patients of female physicians had 1.4 fewer days in the hospital than those of male physicians (P < 0.01). The mean hospital day on which the DNR order was written was significantly earlier for patients of female physicians than for patients of male physicians. On multivariate analysis, female patients were 1.5 times more likely to have early DNR orders written during hospital admission than male patients when cared for by a female physician (P < 0.01). Early DNR orders were written by female physicians more often with increased comorbidities (P < 0.01), while male physicians wrote earlier DNR orders for those with increasing age (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Physician’s gender was associated with an early inpatient DNR order among patients with terminally ill cancer. Health care providers should be aware of gender effects on the delivery of medical services in order to minimize the gap in the quality of care provided. Further research in gender influence on end-of-life care and discussions is warranted to improve outcomes and care in terminally ill cancer patients.
Osteoporosis Circumscripta on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET CT
Authors: Nemi Gandy, Katherine Louise Ordidge, Mubarik Arshad, Zarni Win
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2019)

Incidental findings on PET CT studies are common. The distribution of Ga-DOTATATE is dependent on cell surface expression of somatostatin receptors, which may be pathologic or physiologic. Osteoporosis circumscripta is the early lytic phase of Paget disease associated with well-defined osteopenia, most commonly seen within the skull on imaging. The appearance has been well demonstrated on Tc HDP/MDP bone scans. Here, we present the case of a 76-year-old man with a small bowel carcinoid tumor who underwent staging imaging with Ga-DOTATATE PET CT with the incidental finding of osteoporosis circumscripta.
Small-Molecule Targeting of Oncogenic FTO Demethylase in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Yue Huang, Rui Su, Yue Sheng, Lei Dong, Ze Dong, Hongjiao Xu, Tengfeng Ni, Zijie Scott Zhang, Tao Zhang, Chenying Li, Li Han, Zhenyun Zhu, Fulin Lian, Jiangbo Wei, Qiangqiang Deng, Yungui Wang, Mark Wunderlich, Zhiwei Gao, Guoyu Pan, Dafang Zhong, Hu Zhou, Naixia Zhang, Jianhua Gan, Hualiang Jiang, James C. Mulloy, Zhijian Qian, Jianjun Chen, Cai-Guang Yang
Journal: Cancer Cell (2019)
Study to determine the thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) status in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia to customize thiopurine dosage.
Authors: Arathi Srinivasan, Julius Xavier Scott
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e21005 Background: Daily mercaptopurine constitutes one of the standard “backbone” of Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia continuation regimens. Tailoring the dosages of methotrexate and mercaptopurine to the limits of tolerance has been associated with a better outcome. We determined the TPMT genotype in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia before commencing thiopurine therapy to customize the dosage of mercaptopurine. Methods: This is a single institution prospective study of 32 children from 0 to 18 years newly diagnosed as acute lymphoblastic leukemia by flow cytometry from January 2014 to December 2015. The TPMT genotype status of the child was detected by peripheral blood TPMT Genotyping PCR (Qualitative) and RFLP Analysis. The analysis was done for five genotypes TPMT* 1 Wild Type, TPMT* 2, TPMT* 3A, TPMT* 3B and TPMT* 3C. The prevalence of TPMT polymorphisms were correlated with the hematological toxicities. Results: A total of 32 samples were analysed for TPMT genotype status. The male:female ratio was 2.2:1. 26 (81%) of them were diagnosed as B cell ALL. All the 32 were found to have TPMT* 1 Wild Type genotype consistent with normal enzyme activity. The average tolerated dose of 6-mercaptopurine during consolidation phase was 36 mg/m2/day as against the recommended dose of 60 mg/m2/day. The average dose of 6-mercaptopurine tolerated during the maintenance phase was 27 mg/m2/day as against the recommended dose of 75 mg/m2/day. Conclusions: The absence of TPMT mutations did not seem to account for the reduced tolerance of 6-mercaptopurine in our population. However studies with larger sample size in our population is required to ascertain this. This opens up further studies of variant genes other than TPMT involved in transformation of 6-mercaptopurine and polymorphisms in genes of folate metabolism to be evaluated in the Indian population.
Abstract 12273: Benefits and Safety of Prolonged Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-analysis of 18 Randomized Trials Including 94,306 Patients
Authors: Gianluigi Savarese, Lars H Lund, Pasquale Perrone-Filardi
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: The optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with ischemic cardiovascular (CV) disease is still debated. A previous meta-analysis demonstrated no benefit of prolonged DAPT on mortality. However, assessment of the risk and benefit of prolonging DAPT beyond current recommendations cannot overlook its effects on stroke, myocardial infarction (MI) and bleeding. Hypothesis: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the effects of prolonged versus no or short-term DAPT on MI, stroke, bleeding and mortality. Methods: Trial inclusion criteria were: randomization to prolonged duration versus no or short DAPT; reporting of at least one outcome among overall and CV death, MI, stroke, major non-fatal bleeding, fatal and intracranial bleeding. Results: (Table) 18 randomized studies including 94,306 patients [mean age 64+2 years, 28% females, median follow-up 15 months (IQR:12-33)], were included. Prolonged DAPT, compared to no or short DAPT, significantly reduced MI by 21.3% and stroke by 18.8% but had no effect on overall or CV mortality. Prolonged DAPT significantly increased by 68.6% major non-fatal bleeding, but not intracranial or fatal bleeding. In patients with stable and unstable CV disease (with and without acute coronary syndrome, respectively) the effects of prolonged DAPT, compared to no or short DAPT, were equivalent to those observed in the main analysis. DAPT prolonged beyond 1 year, as compared with shorter or no DAPT, significantly reduced MI but not stroke, all-cause or CV death. It significantly increased the risk of major non-fatal bleeding, with no difference in intracranial and fatal bleeding. Conclusions: Prolonged DAPT significantly reduces ischemic CV events but not mortality. Even if a significant increase of major non-fatal bleeding was detected, no increased risks of intracranial and fatal bleeding were observed.
PS-182-Effectiveness of elbasvir/grazoprevir in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection who receive opioid agonist therapy: Treatment utilization and the impact of concomitant psychiatric medications
Authors: Jennifer Kramer, Amy Puenpatom, Yumei Cao, Hashem El-Serag, Fasiha Kanwal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Applicability of ctDNA at diagnosis and during the monitoring of EGFR-mutated patients
Authors: S. Calabuig Fariñas, A. Blasco, E. Durendez-Saez, A. Fernández, M. Mosqueda, E. Escorihuela, A. Herreros Pomares, F. Aparisi, J. Garde, M. Shahin, E. Jantus-Lewintre, C. Camps
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Background: Identification of activating mutations in the EGFR enabled to change the therapeutic approach for NSCLC patients as therapeutic targets. Liquid biopsy is a new option for analysis of biomarkers with valuable prognostic and predictive information, allowing the detection of EGFR mutations with a reproducible and minimally invasive approach. The aim of this study was to correlate EGFR mutational status in ctDNA at diagnosis and follow-up of NSCLC patients as a complementary/alternative to tissue-based molecular profiling. Methods: Study included 20 patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC. Blood samples were collected at diagnosis, during follow-up and at progression. CtDNA was obtained from plasma and EGFR mutations were assessed by BEAMing dPCR (Sysmex®). Concordance between tissue and plasma EGFR mutation status was calculated as the number of positive plasma samples out of the total number of tissue samples. Cases at which T790M were first detected in blood were compared to date of progression as determined by radiological imaging in standard practice. Results: A total of 262 plasma samples from 20 patients were analyzed, 75% percent of patients were females; 60% had never smoked; with a median of 18 months of follow- up (range: 5.13-61.77). The Positive Percent Agreement (PPA) at baseline for EGFR del19 and L858R mutation status between plasma and tissue was 75%; in 12 cases the clearance of the primary mutation happens during the first four to eight weeks after initiation of EGFR TKI. Furthermore, eight patients with radiological progression presented the resistance mutation T790M (66%), remarking that the majority of these tumors presented again the sensitizing mutation. In 6 of these patients plasma T790M-positivity was detected an average of 16 weeks (range: 4-24) prior to radiological progression. These results suggest that periodic monitoring of EGFR status in ctDNA could provide information regarding diagnoses, response or resistance to TKI-treatment. Conclusions: Analyses of EGFR mutations in cfDNA have important clinical applicability and can be a useful alternate biomarker of diagnoses and early detection of TKIs resistance mechanisms. Legal entity responsible for the study: Fundación de Investigación del Hospital General Universitario de Valencia. Funding: Work supported in part by AstraZeneca (ISSIRES 0110); CIBERONC (CB16/12/00350); López-Trigo Grant. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
PS-145-Albumin protects the liver from tumour necrosis factor alpha-induced cell death
Authors: Marta Duran-Güell, Mireia Casulleras, Roger Flores-Costa, Cristina López-Vicario, Esther Titos, José Alcaraz-Quiles, Raquel Horrillo, Montserrat Costa, Vicente Arroyo, Joan Clària
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Abstract 19230: Cardiac Rehabilitation Program Adherence among Women Following Referral to Different Program Models: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Liz Samayoa, Heather M Arthur, Paul Oh, Stephanie Brister, Caroline Chessex, Sherry L Grace
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) participation is associated with significantly lower mortality, however women are less likely to participate. The objectives of this trial were to test wheth...
SAT-246-Overall survival and incidence of liver-related events in a cohort of cirrhotic patients treated with direct antiviral agents: Results from a multicenter study
Authors: Chiara Masetti, Massimo Marignani, Raffaella Lionetti, Umberto Vespasiani Gentilucci, Francesco Santopaolo, Martina Milana, Paola Begini, Chiara Taibi, Ubaldo Visco Comandini, Giovanni Galati, Giampiero D’offizi, Angelico Mario
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Interfaces: Cellular and Chemical Gradients to Engineer the Meniscus‐to‐Bone Insertion (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 7/2019)
Authors: Leanne E. Iannucci, Alexander J. Boys, Mary Clare McCorry, Lara A. Estroff, Lawrence J. Bonassar
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

In article number 1800806 by Lawrence J. Bonassar and co-workers, a tissue engineered meniscal insertion is generated using compositional, cellular, and chemical gradients. Constructs are subjected to chemical and mechanical conditioning through a custom bioreactor. Utilization of cellular and chemical gradients results in constructs with localized interfacial structuring, collagen fiber development, and improved mechanical performance with respect to controls.
Comparative efficacy of ceritinib and crizotinib in previously treated crizotinib-naïve anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive (ALK+) advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): An adjusted indirect comparison.
Authors: Daniel Shao-Weng Tan, Antonio Araujo, Jie Zhang, James E. Signorovitch, Zheng-Yi Zhou, Xiaopeng Cai, Geoffrey Liu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

8058 Background: Ceritinib (CER) has been studied in previously treated, crizotinib (CRZ)-naïve patients (pts) in two clinical trials (ASCEND-1: NCT01283516; ASCEND-3: NCT01685138). No randomized controlled trial has compared CER and CRZ. This analysis indirectly compared the efficacy of CER and CRZ among previously treated, CRZ-naïve pts with advanced/metastatic ALK+ NSCLC. Methods: Individual pt data for CER-treated pts were pooled from two single-arm trials (ASCEND-1, ASCEND-3); published summary data for CRZ-treated pts were extracted from three trials (PROFILE 1001, 1005 and 1007). To adjust for cross-trial differences, CER-treated pts were re-weighted to match their mean baseline characteristics to those reported for the CRZ-treated pts, including age, gender, race, ECOG PS, number of prior regimens and tumor histology. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and overall response rate (ORR) were compared between the treatment groups after matching. Results: Before matching, CER pts (N = 189) were significantly different from CRZ pts (N = 557) in the distribution of race (Asian: 55% vs. 38%; P < .001) and the number of prior regimens (1/2/ ≥ 3: 49%/28%/23% vs. 45%/22%/33%; P = .028). After matching, all available baseline characteristics were balanced. Compared to CRZ, CER was associated with longer PFS (median: 13.8 vs. 8.3 months; hazard ratio (HR): 0.52; 95% CI, 0.44–0.62) and OS (HR: 0.59; 95% CI, 0.46–0.75). The 12-month OS rate was 83% with CER and 66% with CRZ. Conclusions: In this adjusted indirect comparison, CER was associated with prolonged PFS and OS compared to CRZ among previously treated CRZ-naïve ALK+ NSCLC. Endpoint, 95% CI CER CRZ HR P-value PFS Median, mo 13.8 (11.1–NE) 8.3 (7.3–9.3) 0.52 (0.44–0.62) < .001 12-mo rate, % 58 (48–71) 37 (33–42) — < .001 OS Median, mo NE (19.6–NE) 20.5 (19.9–29.6) 0.59 (0.46–0.75) < .001 12-mo rate, % 83 (75–91) 66 (62–70) — < .001 ORR rate, % 68 (61–76) 61 (57–65) — .102 Notes: NE = not estimable. P-values for HR were calculated by weighted Cox proportional hazards model; P-values for rate were calculated by weighted t-tests.