tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Working 9 to 5, not the way to make an academic living: observational analysis of manuscript and peer review submissions over time
Authors: Adrian Barnett, Inger Mewburn, Sara Schroter
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Abstract Objective To determine whether researchers are submitting manuscripts and peer reviews to BMJ journals out of hours and whether this has changed over time. Design Observational study of research manuscripts and peer reviews submitted between 2012 and 2019 for which an author’s address could be geocoded. Setting Online BMJ submission systems for two large general medical journals. Main outcome measures Manuscript and peer review submissions on weekends, on national holidays, and by hour of day (to determine early mornings and late nights). Logistic regression was used to estimate the probability of manuscript and peer review submissions on weekends or holidays. Results The analyses included more than 49 000 manuscript submissions and 76 000 peer reviews. Little change over time was seen in the average probability of manuscript or peer review submissions occurring on weekends or holidays. The levels of out of hours work were high, with average probabilities of 0.14 to 0.18 for work on the weekends and 0.08 to 0.13 for work on holidays compared with days in the same week. Clear and consistent differences were seen between countries. Chinese researchers most often worked at weekends and at midnight, whereas researchers in Scandinavian countries were among the most likely to submit during the week and the middle of the day. Conclusion The differences between countries that are persistent over time show that a “culture of overwork” is a literal thing, not just a figure of speech.
Impact of Conditioning Intensity of Allogeneic Transplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Genomic Evidence of Residual Disease
Authors: Christopher S. Hourigan, Laura W. Dillon, Gege Gui, Brent R. Logan, Mingwei Fei, Jack Ghannam, Yuesheng Li, Abel Licon, Edwin P. Alyea, Asad Bashey, H. Joachim Deeg, Steven M. Devine, Hugo F. Fernandez, Sergio Giralt, Mehdi Hamadani, Alan Howard, Richard T. Maziarz, David L. Porter, Bart L. Scott, Erica D. Warlick, Marcelo C. Pasquini, Mitchell E. Horwitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

PURPOSE Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in remission remain at risk for relapse even after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT). AML measurable residual disease (MRD) status before alloHCT has been shown to be prognostic. Whether modulation of the intensity of the alloHCT conditioning regimen in patients with AML who test positive for MRD can prevent relapse and improve survival is unknown. METHODS Ultra-deep, error-corrected sequencing for 13 commonly mutated genes in AML was performed on preconditioning blood from patients treated in a phase III clinical trial that randomly assigned adult patients with myeloid malignancy in morphologic complete remission to myeloablative conditioning (MAC) or reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC). RESULTS No mutations were detected in 32% of MAC and 37% of RIC recipients; these groups had similar survival (3-year overall survival [OS], 56% v 63%; P = .96). In patients with a detectable mutation (next-generation sequencing [NGS] positive), relapse (3-year cumulative incidence, 19% v 67%; P < .001) and survival (3-year OS, 61% v 43%; P = .02) was significantly different between the MAC and RIC arms, respectively. In multivariable analysis for NGS-positive patients, adjusting for disease risk and donor group, RIC was significantly associated with increased relapse (hazard ratio [HR], 6.38; 95% CI, 3.37 to 12.10; P < .001), decreased relapse-free survival (HR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.84 to 4.69; P < .001), and decreased OS (HR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.17 to 3.30; P = .01) compared with MAC. Models of AML MRD also showed benefit for MAC over RIC for those who tested positive. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that MAC rather than RIC in patients with AML with genomic evidence of MRD before alloHCT can result in improved survival.
Future-oriented objects
Authors: Brandon W Goulding, Ori Friedman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2019)

Abstract Hoerl &amp; McCormack suggest that saving tools does not require temporal reasoning. However, we identify a class of objects that are only possessed (i.e., saved) in anticipation of future needs. We propose that investigating these future-oriented objects may help identify temporal reasoning in populations where this ability is uncertain.
Association of Media Screen Time Use With Depression in Adolescents—Reply
Authors: Elroy Boers, Mohammad H. Afzali, Patricia Conrod
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Correction to: Measles virus hemagglutinin triggers intracellular signaling in CD150-expressing dendritic cells and inhibits immune response
Authors: Olga Romanets-Korbut, Larysa M. Kovalevska, Tsukasa Seya, Svetlana P. Sidorenko, Branka Horvat
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2019)
Estimating the Incidence of Influenza at the State Level — Utah, 2016–17 and 2017–18 Influenza Seasons
Authors: Michelle M. Hughes, Anna E. Carmack, Keegan McCaffrey, Melanie Spencer, Gregg M. Reed, Mary Hill, Angela Dunn, Ilene Risk, Shikha Garg, Carrie Reed, Matthew Biggerstaff, Jeanmarie Mayer, Per Gesteland, Kent Korgenski, Kristin Dascomb, Andrew Pavia, Melissa A. Rolfes
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2019)

The 2017-18 U.S. influenza season was notable for its high severity, with approximately 45 million illnesses and 810,000 influenza-associated hospitalizations throughout the United States (1). The purpose of the investigation reported here was to create a state-level estimate of the number of persons in Utah who became ill with influenza disease during this severe national seasonal influenza epidemic and to create a sustainable system for making timely updates in future influenza seasons. Knowing the extent of influenza-associated illness can help public health officials, policymakers, and clinicians tailor influenza messaging, planning, and responses for seasonal influenza epidemics or during pandemics. Using national methods and existing influenza surveillance and testing data, the influenza burden (number of influenza illnesses, medical visits for influenza, and influenza-associated hospitalizations) in Utah during the 2016-17 and 2017-18 influenza seasons was estimated. During the 2016-17 season, an estimated 265,000 symptomatic illnesses affecting 9% of Utah residents occurred, resulting in 125,000 medically attended illnesses and 2,700 hospitalizations. During the 2017-18 season, an estimated 338,000 symptomatic illnesses affecting 11% of Utah residents occurred, resulting in 160,000 medically attended illnesses and 3,900 hospitalizations. Other state or county health departments could adapt similar methods in their jurisdictions to estimate the burden of influenza locally and support prompt public health activities.
Prognostic Impact of Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation Severity and Myocardial Infarct Quantification by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Authors: João L. Cavalcante, Kenya Kusunose, Nancy A. Obuchowski, Christine Jellis, Brian P. Griffin, Scott D. Flamm, Deborah H. Kwon
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2019)
Abstract 11933: Extracting Clinical Pearls From Heart Sound Waves: A Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Ahmed H Aly, Yumeng Guo, Jiancong Wang, Alison M Pouch, Joseph H Gorman, James C Gee, Paul A Yushkevich, Robert C Gorman
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: The utility of cardiac auscultation in diagnosis remains suboptimal due to poor sensitivity and wide inter-user variability. Research in biometrics has utilized heart sounds for indiv...
Characteristics of Patients Experiencing Rehospitalization or Death After Hospital Discharge in a Nationwide Outbreak of E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use–Associated Lung Injury — United States, 2019
Authors: Christina A. Mikosz, Melissa Danielson, Kayla N. Anderson, Lori A. Pollack, Dustin W. Currie, Rashid Njai, Mary E. Evans, Alyson B. Goodman, Evelyn Twentyman, Jennifer L. Wiltz, Dale A. Rose, Vikram Krishnasamy, Brian A. King, Christopher M. Jones, Peter Briss, Matthew Lozier, Sascha Ellington, Adebola Adebayo, Sukhshant Atti, Amy Board, Chelsea Austin, Gyan Chandra, Kelsey Coy, Alissa Cyrus, Geroncio Fajardo, Sonal Goyal, Sierra Graves, Janet Hamilton, Donald Hayes, Denise Hughes, Mia Israel, Jean Ko, Zheng Li, Ruth Lynfield, Suzanne Newton, Sharyn Parks, Mary Pomeroy, Katherine Roguski, Phillip Salvatore, Caroline Schrodt, Stephen Soroka, Kimberly Thomas, Bailey Wallace, Megan Wallace
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2019)

This report provides a nationwide comparison of clinical characteristics of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury patients who were rehospitalized or died after hospital discharge
Glial tauopathy: Neurons optional?
Authors: Lary C. Walker
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2019)

In some neurodegenerative disorders, tau protein accumulates in astrocytes and/or oligodendrocytes, even though these glial cells produce much less of the protein than do neurons. Testing the hypothesis that the aggregated tau in glia derives from neurons, Narasimhan et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20190783) make the unexpected discovery that neuronal tau expression is not required for the formation of glial tau inclusions. The circumstances governing the variable cell-specificity of tauopathy thus remain to be fully defined.
Reply:
Authors: Yoshitaka Arase, Tatehiro Kagawa, Atsushi Tanaka
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. We thank Dr. Ana Lleo and colleagues for having interest in our paper showing that long‐term administration of denosumab safely increased bone mineral density in osteoporotic patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and autoimmune hepatitis.1 The beneficial effect of denosumab on bone metabolism is achieved by suppressing RANK signaling in osteoclastogenesis. The influence of inhibiting RANK‐RANKL axis is now explored in other areas. A recent phase 3 trial demonstrated that adjuvant denosumab in postmenopausal patients with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer significantly improved disease‐free survival compared with placebo (hazard ratio 0.82 [0.69‐0.98]).2 RANK and RANKL are expressed in immune cells and possibly in tumor and stroma cells, and these interactions in the tumor microenvironment could lead to immunosuppression.3 Remarkable response was documented following concurrent treatment with denosumab and immune‐checkpoint inhibitors in several case reports.4 Therefore, denosumab might be used as an adjuvant in anticancer therapy. In PBC, the RANK‐RANKL axis might also have implications beyond osteoclastogenesis. A previous study demonstrated that the expression of RANK in cholangiocytes and RANKL in CD4, CD8, and CD19 cells around bile ducts was significantly greater in patients with PBC than those with other liver diseases,5 suggesting the involvement of RANK‐RANKL axis in the mechanism of bile duct injury in PBC. Therefore, denosumab might improve not only bone metabolism but also liver function in this intractable disease. We analyzed the change in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma‐glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels in 6 patients with PBC who received 3‐year denosumab therapy.1 The ALP levels decreased, although it was largely attributable to the decline in bone‐related isozyme. Serum GGT levels were not improved by denosumab therapy. As our patients had been receiving ursodeoxycholic acid for a long time when denosumab therapy initiated, there might be no room for further decrease in ALP and GGT. Nevertheless, a hypothesis that the RANK‐RANKL axis plays a role in bile duct injury in PBC is worth further investigation. A prospective trial comparing the efficacy of denosumab with bisphosphonate in the treatment of osteoporotic patients with PBC is ongoing. Analysis from the viewpoint of improving bile duct injury might prove this hypothesis.
Neuromyelitis optica in patients with increased interferon alpha concentrations
Authors: Jac Williams, Sarah McGlasson, Sarosh Irani, Darragh Duffy, Yanick Crow, David Hunt, Katy Murray, Robert Wilson, Andrew P Jackson, Alexa Jury, Mathieu Rodero, Vincent Bondet, Anu Jacob, Shahd Hamid, Nuno Cordeiro, Ondrej Dolezal, Patrick Statham, Stewart Wiseman, Joanna Wardlaw, Christina Hertel, Adrian Hayday
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2019)
Physical activity and weight following car ownership in Beijing, China: quasi-experimental cross sectional study
Authors: Michael L Anderson, Fangwen Lu, Jun Yang
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Abstract Objective To determine the implications of car ownership for physical activity and weight in a global city. Design Quasi-experimental cross sectional study. Setting Beijing, China, 2011-15. Participants People aged 18 and older from a random sample of households who had entered a permit lottery to purchase a vehicle between January 2011 and November 2015. Interventions Permit allowing purchase of a vehicle within six months of permit issuance. Main outcome measures Transit use (number of subway and bus rides each week), physical activity (minutes of walking or bicycling each day), and weight, measured once in early 2016. Results Of 937 people analysed in total, 180 had won a permit to purchase a new vehicle. Winning the permit lottery resulted in the purchase of an additional vehicle 91% of the time (95% confidence interval 89% to 94%; P&lt;0.001). About five years after winning, winners took significantly fewer weekly transit rides (−2.9 rides (−5.1 to −0.7); P=0.01) and walked and cycled significantly less (−24.2 minutes (−40.3 to −8.1); P=0.003) than those who did not win the lottery. Average weight did not change significantly between lottery winners and losers. Among those aged 50 and older, however, winners’ weight had increased relative to that of losers (10.3 kg (0.5 to 20.2); P=0.04) 5.1 years after winning. Conclusions These data indicate that vehicle ownership in a rapidly growing global city led to long term reductions in physical activity and increase in weight. Continuing increases in car use and ownership in developing and middle income countries could adversely affect physical health and obesity rates.
Assessment of Physician Self-reported Knowledge and Use of Maryland’s Extreme Risk Protection Order Law
Authors: Shannon Frattaroli, Katherine Hoops, Nathan A. Irvin, Alexander McCourt, Paul S. Nestadt, Elise Omaki, Wendy C. Shields, Holly C. Wilcox
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> On October 1, 2018, Maryland's extreme risk protection order (ERPO) law took effect. This was the first ERPO law in the United States to authorize clinicians to initiate a civil court process to temporarily prohibit people behaving dangerously and at risk of engaging in violence from purchasing and possessing firearms. This is the first publication reporting results from a survey of physicians about ERPOs. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess Maryland physicians' knowledge, past use, and likely future use of ERPOs, and to identify barriers to physicians' use of ERPOs and strategies to address those barriers. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This survey study conducted at The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland, surveyed physicians, including emergency medicine physicians, pediatricians, and psychiatrists, using a 15-question online instrument between June 15, 2019, and July 1, 2019. Data analysis was performed in July 2019. <h3>Exposure</h3> Maryland's ERPO law. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Knowledge, use, and likely use of ERPOs, barriers to use, and strategies to address those barriers. <h3>Results</h3> Ninety-two of 353 physicians invited (26.1%) completed the survey; 1 respondent reported having filed an ERPO petition. Sixty-six respondents (71.7%) described themselves as not at all familiar with ERPOs. After reading a brief description of the ERPO law, 85 respondents (92.4%) indicated that they encounter patients whom they would consider for an ERPO at least a few times per year. Fifty-five respondents (59.8%) reported that they would be very or somewhat likely to file an ERPO petition when they identify a qualifying patient. Respondents identified time as the main barrier to using ERPOs (not enough time to complete paperwork, 57 respondents [62.6%]; not enough time to attend hearing at courthouse, 64 respondents [70.3%]), followed by concern that filing an ERPO would negatively affect their relationship with the patient (36 respondents [39.6%]). Having a coordinator to manage the process (80 respondents [87.0%]), training (79 respondents [85.9%]), participating in court hearings remotely (68 respondents [73.9%]), and having access to legal counsel (59 respondents [64.1%]) were all selected by large majorities of respondents as strategies to address barriers to ERPO use. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Awareness of ERPOs among physicians in the sample was low. Physicians are treating patients who would qualify for an ERPO, and respondents in the sample indicated a willingness to use ERPOs. Training, providing access to legal counsel, designating a clinician to process petitions, and allowing clinicians to participate remotely in court hearings were strategies respondents identified to address barriers to ERPO use. These survey findings identify concrete solutions for addressing barriers to physician use of ERPOs.
Mas receptor is translocated to the nucleus upon agonist stimulation in brainstem neurons from spontaneously hypertensive rats but not normotensive rats
Authors: Flavia M Cerniello, Mauro G Silva, Oscar A Carretero, Mariela M Gironacci
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2019)

Activation of the angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7)/Mas receptor (R) axis protects from sympathetic overactivity. Endocytic trafficking is an essential process that regulates receptor (R) function and its ultimate cellular responses. We investigated whether the blunted responses to Ang-(1-7) in hypertensive rats are associated to an alteration in MasR trafficking.Brainstem neurons from Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) or spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were investigated for (i) Ang-(1-7) levels and binding and MasR expression, (ii) Ang-(1-7) responses (arachidonic acid and nitric oxide release and Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation), and (iii) MasR trafficking. Ang-(1-7) was determined by radioimmunoassay. MasR expression and functionality were evaluated by western blot and binding assays. MasR trafficking was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Ang-(1-7) treatment induced an increase in nitric oxide and arachidonic acid release and ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation in WKY neurons but did not have an effect in SHR neurons. Although SHR neurons showed greater MasR expression, Ang-(1-7)-elicited responses were substantially diminished presumably due to decreased Ang-(1-7) endogenous levels concomitant with impaired binding to its receptor. Through immunocolocalization studies, we evidenced that upon Ang-(1-7) stimulation MasRs were internalized through clathrin-coated pits and caveolae into early endosomes and slowly recycled back to the plasma membrane. However, the fraction of internalized MasRs into early endosomes was larger and the fraction of MasRs recycled back to the plasma membrane was smaller in SHR than in WKY neurons. Surprisingly, in SHR neurons but not in WKY neurons, Ang-(1-7) induced MasR translocation to the nucleus. Nuclear MasR expression and Ang-(1-7) levels were significantly greater in the nuclei of Ang-(1-7)-stimulated SHR neurons, indicating that the MasR is translocated with its ligand bound to it.MasRs display differential trafficking in brainstem neurons from SHRs, which may contribute to the impaired responses to Ang-(1-7).
Fenfluramine hydrochloride for the treatment of seizures in Dravet syndrome: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Lieven Lagae, Joseph Sullivan, Kelly Knupp, Linda Laux, Tilman Polster, Marina Nikanorova, Orrin Devinsky, J Helen Cross, Renzo Guerrini, Dinesh Talwar, Ian Miller, Gail Farfel, Bradley S Galer, Arnold Gammaitoni, Arun Mistry, Glenn Morrison, Michael Lock, Anupam Agarwal, Wyman W Lai, Berten Ceulemans
Journal: The Lancet (2019)
Ordinal Outcomes Are Superior to Binary Outcomes for Designing and Evaluating Clinical Trials in Compensated Cirrhosis
Authors: Gennaro D’Amico, Juan G. Abraldes, Paola Rebora, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Guadalupe Garcia‐Tsao
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Background and Aims Prevention of decompensation is a primary therapeutic target in patients with compensated cirrhosis (CC). However, a major problem is the large sample size and long follow‐up required to demonstrate a significant treatment effect because of the relatively low baseline risk. For this reason, it has been recently suggested that ordinal outcomes may be used in this area to gain power and reduce sample size. The aim of this study was to assess the applicability of ordinal outcomes in cirrhosis. Approach and Results An inception cohort of 202 patients with CC (no ascites, gastrointestinal bleeding, encephalopathy, or jaundice) without esophageal varices was included, and 5‐year outcome is reported. Etiology was mostly viral and alcoholic, and there were no dropouts. Ordinal outcome was set according to six grades with a previously established prognostic ordinality: grade 1 = no disease progression; grade 2 = development of varices; grade 3 = bleeding alone; grade 4 = nonbleeding single decompensation; grade 5 = more than one decompensating event; and grade 6 = death. At the 60‐month time point, patients were distributed in grades 1 through 6 as follows: 129, 43, 2, 7, 5, and 16, respectively. Emulation of a clinical trial performed by dividing patients based on baseline platelet count into two groups (cutoff, 150 × 10 9 /L) demonstrated a statistically significant outcome difference between groups when using ordinal outcomes not detectable by binary logistic or chi‐square or time‐to‐event analyses. Additionally, using ordinal outcomes in a hypothetical study to prevent decompensation resulted in sample‐size estimates 3‐to 4‐fold lower than using a binary composite endpoint. Conclusions Compared to traditional binary outcomes, the use of ordinal outcomes in trials of cirrhosis decompensation may provide more power and thus may require a smaller sample size.