tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis for ICU Patients
Authors: Lawrence Siu-Chun Law, Elaine Ah-Gi Lo, Siang Fei Yeoh
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In Children and Adolescents From Brugada Syndrome–Families, Only <i>SCN5A</i> Mutation Carriers Develop a Type-1 ECG Pattern Induced By Fever
Authors: Puck J. Peltenburg, Nico A. Blom, Arja S. Vink, Janneke A.E. Kammeraad, Hans J.M.P.J. Breur, Lukas A.J. Rammeloo, Arthur A.M. Wilde, Sally-Ann B. Clur
Journal: Circulation (2020)
Nucleo–cytoplasmic transport defects and protein aggregates in neurodegeneration
Authors: Giacomo Bitetto, Alessio Di Fonzo
Journal: Translational Neurodegeneration (2020)

Abstract In the ongoing process of uncovering molecular abnormalities in neurodegenerative diseases characterized by toxic protein aggregates, nucleo-cytoplasmic transport defects have an emerging role. Several pieces of evidence suggest a link between neuronal protein inclusions and nuclear pore complex (NPC) damage. These processes lead to oxidative stress, inefficient transcription, and aberrant DNA/RNA maintenance. The clinical and neuropathological spectrum of NPC defects is broad, ranging from physiological aging to a suite of neurodegenerative diseases. A better understanding of the shared pathways among these conditions may represent a significant step toward dissecting their underlying molecular mechanisms, opening the way to a real possibility of identifying common therapeutic targets.
A Serum Protein Classifier Identifying Patients with Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Who Derive Clinical Benefit from Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Mirte Muller, Karlijn Hummelink, Daan P. Hurkmans, Anna-Larissa N. Niemeijer, Kim Monkhorst, Joanna Roder, Carlos Oliveira, Heinrich Roder, Joachim G. Aerts, Egbert F. Smit
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Purpose: Pretreatment selection of patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who would derive clinical benefit from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) would fulfill an unmet clinical need by reducing unnecessary toxicities from treatment and result in substantial health care savings. Experimental Design: In a retrospective study, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic analysis was performed on pretreatment sera derived from patients with advanced NSCLC treated with nivolumab as part of routine clinical care (n = 289). Machine learning combined spectral and clinical data to stratify patients into three groups with good (“sensitive”), intermediate, and poor (“resistant”) outcomes following treatment in the second-line setting. The test was applied to three independent patient cohorts and its biology was investigated using protein set enrichment analyses (PSEA). Results: A signature consisting of 274 MS features derived from a development set of 116 patients was associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) across two validation cohorts (N = 98 and N = 75). In pooled analysis, significantly better OS was demonstrated for “sensitive” relative to “not sensitive” patients treated with nivolumab; HR, 0.58 (95% confidence interval, 0.38–0–87; P = 0.009). There was no significant association with clinical factors including PD-L1 expression, available from 133 of 289 patients. The test demonstrated no significant association with PFS or OS in a historical cohort (n = 68) of second-line NSCLC patients treated with docetaxel. PSEA revealed proteomic classification to be significantly associated with complement and wound-healing cascades. Conclusions: This serum-derived protein signature successfully stratified outcomes in cohorts of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with second-line PD-1 CPIs and deserves further prospective study.
Doppler ultrasound‐based noninvasive biomarkers in hidradenitis suppurativa: evaluation of analytical and clinical validity
Authors: D. Grand, J.W. Frew, K. Navrazhina, J.G. Krueger
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

There is a need for valid and reliable biomarkers in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) for diagnosis and disease activity monitoring. Imaging-based biomarkers have the potential to fulfil this unmet need but no evaluation of analytical or clinical validity has yet been undertaken.To evaluate the analytical and clinical validity of sonographic epidermal thickness, Doppler ultrasound and dermal tunnel diameter in patients with HS.Twenty-two participants with HS were recruited and underwent a total of 65 matched ultrasound and skin biopsies of lesional, perilesional and unaffected tissue. Ultrasound measurements were performed in triplicate with mean values used. Skin biopsies underwent immunohistochemistry as per previously published methods. Analytical validity was assessed in individual ultrasound-biopsy pairs (n = 65) by comparisons of sonographic variables with histological correlates. Clinical validity was assessed in individual patients (n = 22) by comparing measures of overall disease activity with sonographic outcomes.Epidermal thickness, dermal tunnel diameter and power Doppler intensity were assessed. Sonographic epidermal thickness and dermal tunnel diameter have high analytical validity with corresponding histological measurements. Power Doppler intensity demonstrated high correlation with dermal CD3+ and CD11c+ cell counts but not neutrophil elastase-positive cells. Power Doppler ultrasound has significant correlation with pain scores, abscess and nodule count, International HS Severity Scoring System score and number of draining tunnels.Sonographic epidermal thickness and dermal tunnel diameter have acceptable levels of analytical validity in the assessment of HS lesions. Power Doppler intensity demonstrates acceptable clinical and analytical validity, suggesting it is a valid imaging-based biomarker in HS.
再生不良性貧血を有する患者に発症したAMI(心不全を呈する3枝病変)に対し,PCIを施行した一例
Authors: 久留島秀治, 山本秀也, 沖本智和, 荘川知己, 田崎直仁, 平位有恒, 北川知郎, 大橋紀彦, 河野修興
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Erratum to “Near-infrared responsive 5-fluorouracil and indocyanine green loaded MPEG-PCL nanoparticle integrated with dissolvable microneedle for skin cancer therapy” [Bioact. Mater. 5 (2020) 542–552]
Authors: Ying Hao, YuWen Chen, XinLong He, Fan Yang, RuXia Han, ChengLi Yang, Wei Li, ZhiYong Qian
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.04.002.].
No evidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection by polymerase chain reaction or serology in children with pseudo‐chilblain
Authors: D. Caselli, M. Chironna, D. Loconsole, L. Nigri, F. Mazzotta, D. Bonamonte, M. Aricò
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Despite its aggressive clinical course, leading to 6.4% fatality rate as of May 25, 2020 ( https://qap.ecdc.europa.eu/public/extensions/COVID-19/COVID-19.html ), COVID‐19 turned out to be only marginally aggressive in children. In a report from Lombardy, 18/88 COVID‐19 hospitalized adults (20%) had developed cutaneous manifestations: erythematous rash, widespread urticarial, and chickenpox‐like vesicles. Trunk was the main involved region. Itching was low or absent and usually lesions healed in few days. An unexpected outbreak of acute pseudochilblain skin lesions is being reported from different countries and related to COVID‐19.
Prevalence of Treatment for Depression Among US Adults Who Screen Positive for Depression, 2007-2016
Authors: Taeho Greg Rhee, Samuel T. Wilkinson, David C. Steffens, Robert A. Rosenheck, Mark Olfson
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2020)

This cohort study uses data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to examine changes in the prevalence of mental health treatment among US adults who screened positive for depression between 2007 and 2016.
SETD2 Restricts Prostate Cancer Metastasis by Integrating EZH2 and AMPK Signaling Pathways
Authors: Huairui Yuan, Ying Han, Xuege Wang, Ni Li, Qiuli Liu, Yuye Yin, Hanling Wang, Lulu Pan, Li Li, Kun Song, Tong Qiu, Qiang Pan, Qilong Chen, Guoying Zhang, Yi Zang, Minjia Tan, Jian Zhang, Qintong Li, Xiaoming Wang, Jun Jiang, Jun Qin
Journal: Cancer Cell (2020)
Engagement and Effectiveness of a Smoking Cessation Quitline Intervention in a Thoracic Surgery Clinic
Authors: Mollie M. Mustoe, James M. Clark, Timothy T. Huynh, Elisa K. Tong, Terri P. Wolf, Lisa M. Brown, David T. Cooke
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Smoking quitline programs effectively promote smoking cessation in outpatient primary care settings.To examine the factors associated with smoking quitline engagement and smoking cessation among patients undergoing thoracic surgery who consented to a quitline electronic referral.A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2018, among 111 active smoking patients referred to the quitline from a thoracic surgery outpatient clinic visit. Patients were divided into operative and nonoperative cohorts.Primary outcomes were engagement rates in the quitline program and successful smoking cessation. Secondary outcomes were self-reported point prevalence abstinence at 1 month and 6 months after the smoking quit date.Of 111 patients (62 men; mean [SD] age, 61.8 [11.2] years) who had a quitline referral, 58 (52%) underwent surgery, and 32 of these 58 patients (55%) participated in the program. Of the 53 nonoperative patients (48%), 24 (45%) participated in the program. In the operative cohort, there was no difference in the smoking cessation rate between quitline participants and nonparticipants (21 of 32 [66%] vs 16 of 6 [62%]; P = .79) or in point prevalence abstinence at 1 month (23 of 32 [72%] vs 14 of 25 [56%]; P = .27) or 6 months (14 of 28 [50%] vs 6 of 18 [33%]; P = .36). Similarly, in the nonoperative cohort, there was no difference in the smoking cessation rate between quitline participants and nonparticipants (8 of 24 [33%] vs 11 of 29 [38%]; P = .78) or in point prevalence abstinence at 1 month (7 of 24 [29%] vs 8 of 27 [30%]; P = .99) or 6 months (6 of 23 [26%] vs 6 of 25 [24%]; P = .99). Regardless of quitline participation, operative patients had a 1.8-fold higher proportion of successful smoking cessation compared with nonoperative patients (37 of 58 [64%] vs 19 of 53 [36%]; P = .004) as well as a 2.2-fold higher proportion of 1-month point prevalence abstinence (37 of 57 [65%] vs 15 of 51 [29%]; P < .001) and a 1.8-fold higher proportion of 6-month point prevalence abstinence (20 of 45 [44%] vs 12 of 48 [25%]; P = .05). Having surgery doubled the odds of smoking cessation (odds ratio, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.06-5.64; P = .04) and quitline engagement tripled the odds of remaining smoke free at 6 months (odds ratio, 3.57; 95% CI, 1.03-12.38; P = .04).Patients undergoing thoracic surgery were nearly twice as likely to quit smoking as those who did not have an operation, and smoking quitline participation further augmented point prevalence abstinence. Improved smoking cessation rates, even among nonoperative patients, were associated with appropriate outpatient counseling and intervention.
“Best” hospitals in US get poor marks in new rating system
Authors: Jeanne Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2020)

A new ranking system has found that some hospitals rated “best” by the annual US News and World Report are failing on criteria that is ignored by the report. Those metrics include how well a hospital provides access to care for people with low incomes and people of colour, whether the hospital avoids overtreatment, and the ratio of chief executive pay to average workers’ wages.

The new ranking system, developed by the Lown Institute, a non-partisan healthcare think tank, in partnership with Washington Monthly magazine, was announced 7 July.1 The Lown Institute Hospitals Index uses 42 performance measures to evaluate care at nearly 3300 hospitals.

The index is the first hospital ranking system to measure the degree …
Feasibility of 177Lu Therapy Monitoring Using Fast Whole-Body SPECT Recordings Provided by a High-Speed 360° CZT Camera
Authors: Elodie Chevalier, Caroline Boursier, Marine Claudin, Pierre-Yves Marie, Laetitia Imbert
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract The whole-body absolute quantification of 177 Lu-DOTATATE therapy was achieved using a high-speed 360° CZT SPECT/CT system. Twelve high-resolution swelling detectors may be positioned close to patients, providing a high-count sensitivity that is particularly advantageous for the low-count rate conditions of 177 Lu imaging. After initially validating 177 Lu quantification on phantom, serial whole-body SPECT/CT acquisitions of only 20 minutes were obtained for a 70-year-old woman treated by 177 Lu-DOTATATE injections for a metastatic recurrence of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. The progressive decrease in tumor uptake between the consecutive 177 Lu-DOTATATE injections could be quantified, and thereby the corresponding dosimetry changes could be estimated.
Why do we still cling to spirometry for assessing small airway function?
Authors: Frederik Trinkmann, Henrik Watz, Felix J.F. Herth
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

With great interest we read the article by Arshad et al . [1] and the accompanying editorial [2] in the March 2020 issue of the European Respiratory Journal . We fully agree that early detection and small airway function are both of utmost importance for the management of obstructive lung disease. However, we have some methodological concerns in this context. These should be discussed as certain imitations of the important work at hand. Small airway function comprises heterogenous interactions between ventilation, diffusion, perfusion and inflammation that cannot be covered by spirometry <https://bit.ly/2LiyQ5E>
Serial Molecular Profiling of Low-grade Prostate Cancer to Assess Tumor Upgrading: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Simpa S. Salami, Jeffrey J. Tosoian, Srinivas Nallandhighal, Tonye A. Jones, Scott Brockman, Fuad F. Elkhoury, Selena Bazzi, Komal R. Plouffe, Javed Siddiqui, Chia-Jen Liu, Lakshmi P. Kunju, Todd M. Morgan, Shyam Natarajan, Philip S. Boonstra, Lauren Sumida, Scott A. Tomlins, Aaron M. Udager, Anthony E. Sisk, Leonard S. Marks, Ganesh S. Palapattu
Journal: European Urology (2020)
Arrhythmic Gut Microbiome Signatures Predict Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Sandra Reitmeier, Silke Kiessling, Thomas Clavel, Markus List, Eduardo L. Almeida, Tarini S. Ghosh, Klaus Neuhaus, Harald Grallert, Jakob Linseisen, Thomas Skurk, Beate Brandl, Taylor A. Breuninger, Martina Troll, Wolfgang Rathmann, Birgit Linkohr, Hans Hauner, Matthias Laudes, Andre Franke, Caroline I. Le Roy, Jordana T. Bell, Tim Spector, Jan Baumbach, Paul W. O’Toole, Annette Peters, Dirk Haller
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2020)
Validation of global item for assessing impact on quality of life of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa*
Authors: J.S. Kirby, B. Hereford, L. Thorlacius, B. Villumsen, J.R. Ingram, A. Garg, M. Butt, S. Esmann, T. King, J. Tan, G.B.E. Jemec
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease. The HS core outcome set calls for a patient global assessment (PtGA).To assess the validity, reliability and responsiveness of a candidate single-item PtGA for HS-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL).Cognitive debriefing interviews were conducted with patients with HS in Denmark and the USA. A cross-sectional observational study was done with adults with HS in the USA and Denmark. Candidate PtGA item, demographic items and multiple patient-reported scales - the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Quality of Life (HiSQOL), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and numerical rating scale (NRS) for pain - were concurrently administered to evaluate convergent and known-groups validity. Scales with a single-item assessment of change were readministered 24-72 h later, to evaluate reliability and responsiveness.After cognitive debriefing, the candidate PtGA for HS-specific HRQoL was finalized with five response levels. Convergent validity of the PtGA was supported by significant correlations with HiSQOL score [r = 0·79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·75-0·82] and DLQI (r = 0·78, 95% CI 0·74-0·82). The PtGA displayed known-groups validity with DLQI score bands based on significance of an anova (P < 0·001). Good test-retest reliability was supported by the intraclass correlation coefficient (0·82, 95% CI 0·78-0·85) for those who reported stable HS. Responsiveness was assessed by differences in PtGA score against a patient-reported assessment of change, which showed significant differences towards improvement.The single-item PtGA exhibits reliability, validity and responsiveness in assessing HS-specific HRQoL in HS, making it a good provisional tool for HS clinical research.
Gingival telangiectasia of dermatomyositis
Authors: N. Milani‐Nejad, J. Kaffenberger
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

DEAR EDITOR, A woman in her forties with dermatomyositis reported frequent bleeding from her gingiva, which worsened after brushing her teeth and affected her quality of life.Examination of the oral mucosa demonstrated telangiectasias on the upper and lower gingiva.Gingival telangiectasia is predominately reported in juvenile dermatomyositis, which can profoundly affect quality of life. 1,2Treatment approaches include systemic immunosuppressive therapy, topical steroids and topical vasoconstrictive agents, such as oxymetazoline and timolol.Vascular lasers, which have been used for hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, are another treatment modality that can be considered.Examination of the oral mucosa and recognition of gingival telangiectasia is not only helpful for clinical diagnosis of dermatomyositis, but also for initiating treatments in order to reduce the associated symptoms.
Postexercise Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes Is Associated With Residual β-Cell Function
Authors: Guy S. Taylor, Kieran Smith, Tess E. Capper, Jadine H. Scragg, Ayat Bashir, Anneliese Flatt, Emma J. Stevenson, Timothy J. McDonald, Richard A. Oram, James A. Shaw, Daniel J. West
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of residual β-cell function on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) outcomes following acute exercise in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Thirty participants with T1D for ≥3 years were recruited. First, participants wore a blinded CGM unit for 7 days of free-living data capture. Second, a 3-h mixed-meal test assessed stimulated C-peptide and glucagon. Peak C-peptide was used to allocate participants into undetectable (Cpepund &amp;lt;3 pmol/L), low (Cpeplow 3–200 pmol/L), or high (Cpephigh &amp;gt;200 pmol/L) C-peptide groups. Finally, participants completed 45 min of incline treadmill walking at 60% VO2peak followed by a further 48-h CGM capture. RESULTS CGM parameters were comparable across groups during the free-living observation week. In the 12- and 24-h postexercise periods (12 h and 24 h), the Cpephigh group had a significantly greater amount of time spent with glucose 3.9–10 mmol/L (12 h, 73.5 ± 27.6%; 24 h, 76.3 ± 19.2%) compared with Cpeplow (12 h, 43.6 ± 26.1%, P = 0.027; 24 h, 52.3 ± 25.0%, P = 0.067) or Cpepund (12 h, 40.6 ± 17.0%, P = 0.010; 24 h, 51.3 ± 22.3%, P = 0.041). Time spent in hyperglycemia (12 h and 24 h glucose &amp;gt;10 and &amp;gt;13.9 mmol/L, P &amp;lt; 0.05) and glycemic variability (12 h and 24 h SD, P &amp;lt; 0.01) were significantly lower in the Cpephigh group compared with Cpepund and Cpeplow. Change in CGM outcomes from pre-exercise to 24-h postexercise was divergent: Cpepund and Cpeplow experienced worsening (glucose 3.9–10 mmol/L: −9.1% and −16.2%, respectively), with Cpephigh experiencing improvement (+12.1%) (P = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Residual β-cell function may partially explain the interindividual variation in the acute glycemic benefits of exercise in individuals with T1D. Quantifying C-peptide could aid in providing personalized and targeted support for exercising patients.
Bonds in Every Color
Authors: Ofole Mgbako
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

On Being a Doctor15 September 2020Bonds in Every ColorOfole Mgbako, MDOfole Mgbako, MDColumbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (O.M.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M20-0856 Audio Reading - “Bonds in Every Color” Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Bonds in Every Color” by Ofole Mgbako, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Each person entered the conference room with a hint of relief in their stride, their shoulders slightly more relaxed than before. They were mostly Black and Brown physicians like me, at different points in their careers—interns, residents, fellows, and faculty. They came with stories of pain and resilience to share. It was the first meeting of its kind for the NYU internal medicine residency's organization committed to diversity, the idea originating from a group of Black female residents in our program. The conversation focused on experiences of discrimination against trainees by patients. This day was about supporting each other and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (O.M.)Corresponding Author: Ofole Mgbako, MD, 30 West 168th Street, P&S Box 82, New York, NY 10032; e-mail, [email protected]columbia.edu.This article was published at Annals.org on 30 June 2020. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Bonds in Every Color” Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Bonds in Every Color” by Ofole Mgbako, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 2020Volume 173, Issue 6Page: 498KeywordsEmotionsHearingHeart rateHomosexualsIntensive care unitsLGBTQMemoryRacial and ethnic issuesResidencyShoulders ePublished: 30 June 2020 Issue Published: 15 September 2020 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Optimizing PEEP in mechanically ventilated extremely preterm infants by bedside use of forced oscillation technique
Authors: Linda Wallström, Chiara Veneroni, Emanuella Zannin, Raffale Dellaca, Richard Sindelar
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2018)

Optimizing PEEP in mechanically ventilated extremely preterm infants by bedside use of forced oscillation technique