tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 117: Chronic Efficacy of Liposome-Encapsulated Hemoglobin (HbV) on Rat’s Lethal 85% Hemorrhage: Intraosseus HbV Transfusion Acutely Rescues Through Anti-Arrhythmogenic Effects on Myocardium That Continues in Chronic Phase
Authors: Bonpei Takase, Yuko Higashimura, Kenichi Hashimoto
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin vesicles (HbVs) can serve as a blood substitute with human blood. Method: To investigate the resuscitation effect of HbVs on lethal hemorrhage and their efficacy for decreasing myocardial arrhythmogenesis, optical mapping analysis (OMP) and an electrophysiological study (EPS) were performed in graded 85% hemorrhage in rats in both acute and chronic phase. Six rats were resuscitated by intraosseous infusion of 5% albumin solution (ALB group), while 6 rats by washed rat erythrocytes (wRBC group) and 6 rats by HbVs (HbV group). Survival effects over 24 hours were examined in &gt; 10 rats in each group. After excising the heart, OMP and an EPS were performed. Results: All rats died in ALB group, whereas all survived subsequent 24 hours in wRBC group and HbV group. In acute phase, OMP showed impaired (prolonged) action potential duration dispersion (APDd) in left ventricle in ALB group. In contrast, myocardial APDds in left ventricle were substantially attenuated in HbV group and wRBC group. Lethal arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia [VT] or ventricular fibrillation [VF], VT/VF) were provoked by EPS in ALB group. No VT/VF was induced in both wRBC group and HbV group. In chronic phase of two weeks after the resuscitation, OMP and an EPS were performed again in excising the heart. Anti-arrhythmic effects were confirmed by normal OMP findings (Normal APDd) and No VT/VF induced as shown in Figure. Conclusions: Lethal hemorrhage causes VT/VF in the presence of impaired APDd. Intraosseous HbVs infusion acutely rescues lethal hemorrhage through preventing lethal arrhythmias with preserved APDd. These effects were preserved in chronic phase.
Association Between Physical Activity Levels in the Hospital Setting and Hospital-Acquired Functional Decline in Elderly Patients
Authors: Plamena Tasheva, Peter Vollenweider, Vanessa Kraege, Guillaume Roulet, Olivier Lamy, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Marie Méan
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

The effects of in-hospital physical activity (PA) on outcomes among elderly patients has seldom been assessed.To assess PA levels among elderly patients hospitalized for acute medical illness and to examine the association between PA levels and functional decline and other clinical outcomes at discharge.This monocentric cohort study was performed among patients 65 years or older who were admitted for acute medical illness to the internal medicine ward of Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, from February 1 through November 30, 2018. Data were analyzed from January 1 through December 2, 2019.Daytime and 24-hour PA levels assessed via wrist accelerometers and measured in millig units (mG; 1 mG = 9.80665 × 10-3 m/s2).Functional decline (defined as a ≥5-point decrease in the modified Barthel Index), risk of bedsores, length of stay (LOS), and inability to return home.A total of 177 patients (106 [59.9%] men; median age, 83 [interquartile range, 74-87] years) were included. Lower mean (SD) PA levels were found in patients using walking aids before admission (daytime, 12 [5] vs 15 [7] mG; 24-hour, 10 [3] vs 11 [5] mG), those admitted for a reason associated with functional decline (daytime, 12 [6] vs 14 [7] mG; 24-hour, 10 [4] vs 11 [4] mG), or those prescribed physiotherapy (daytime, 12 [5] vs 15 [7] mG; 24-hour, 10 [4] vs 12 [5] mG). At discharge, functional decline was found in 63 patients (35.6%; 95% CI, 25.6%-43.1%), bedsore risk in 78 (44.1%; 95% CI, 36.6%-51.7%), and inability to return home in 82 (46.3%; 95% CI, 38.8%-54.0%). After multivariate analysis, no association was found between PA levels and functional decline (multivariable-adjusted mean [SE], 13 [1] vs 13 [1] mG for daytime levels [P = .69] and 10 [1] vs 11 [1] mG for 24-hour PA levels [P = .45]) or LOS (Spearman rank correlation, ρ = -0.06 for daytime PA levels [P = .93] and -0.01 for 24-hour PA levels [P = .52]). Patients at risk of bedsores had significantly lower PA levels than those not at risk (multivariable-adjusted mean [SE], 12 [1] vs 15 [1] mG for daytime PA levels [P = .008]; 10 [1] vs 12 [1] mG for 24-hour PA levels [P = .01]). Patients able to return home had significantly higher PA levels than those institutionalized (multivariable-adjusted mean [SE], 14 [1] vs 12 [1] mG for daytime PA levels [P = .04]; 11 [1] vs 10 [1] mG for 24-hour PA levels [P = .009]).In this study, lower in-hospital daytime and 24-hour PA levels were associated with risk of bedsores and inability to return home on discharge. These findings are important given that one-third of elderly patients present with hospital-acquired functional decline.
Are age and comorbidity independent prognostic factors in the treatment of metastatic NSCLC? A review of prospectively randomized national cancer institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group (NCIC CTG) trials
Authors: T. R. Asmis, K. Ding, M. Whitehead, L. Seymour, F. A. Shepherd, T. Winton, N. Leighl, G. Goss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7117 Background: This study analyzed all patients enrolled in two large prospectively randomized trials of systemic chemotherapy to determine whether age and/or co-morbidity are independent predictors of outcome. Methods: Baseline information was recorded, including ongoing medical problems and current medications. This information was extracted and scored using the validated Charlson co-morbidity scale. Scores were then correlated with other clinical data, which included age, gender, race, performance status, histology, stage, weight, LDH, chemotherapy (type, total dose, dose intensity), response and survival. Results: A total of 1,255 patients (481 in BR10 and 774 in BR18) were included in this analysis, the median age was 61.2 years (range 34.2 to 88.7), 827 were less than 65yrs, and 428 65yrs or older. 391 had other medical conditions besides the primary disease of lung cancer, 310 with a Charlson co-morbidity score of 1, and 81 with a cumulative score of 2 or higher. There were more male patients with co-morbidity (35% vs. 21%, p &lt; 0.0001); fewer patients with histologic subtype of adeno with co-morbidity (26% vs. 35%, p = 0.001); and more older patients with co-morbidity (42% vs. 26%, p &lt; 0.001). There was no difference in overall survival in the elderly (≥65) as compared to the younger patients (&lt;65). In contrast, patients with co-morbidity were associated with a shorter survival (p = 0.01). A cumulative Charlson score of 1 was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.28 (95% CI 1.09–1.5; p =0.003), and a cumulative score of 2+ was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.09 (95% C.I. 0.83 -1.44, p = 0.52). Conclusions: From these two large randomized NCIC CTG trials, one observes that age over 65 is not associated with a worse outcome. However, the presence of co-morbidity does appear to be a negative prognostic factor and co-morbity is more common in older patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Comparison of Partial Hepatectomy and Transarterial Chemoembolization in Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ismail Labgaa, Patrick Taffé, David Martin, Daniel Clerc, Myron Schwartz, Norihiro Kokudo, Alban Denys, Nermin Halkic, Nicolas Demartines, Emmanuel Melloul
Journal: Liver Cancer (2020)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; According to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) algorithm, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is recommended in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of intermediate stage (BCLC-B), whereas partial hepatectomy (PH) is restricted to early stage A. Expanding the indication for PH to intermediate stage remains debated. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; This meta-analysis aimed to analyze short- and long-term outcomes of PH compared to TACE in patients with intermediate-stage HCC. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; A meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Trials comparing PH with TACE in patients with intermediate-stage HCC were selected. Only patients of BCLC-B stage were included in the analyses. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) and secondary endpoint was 90-day postprocedural mortality. Random-effects models were used to analyze time ratios (TRs). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Seven eligible trials were analyzed, including 1,730 BCLC-B patients undergoing PH (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 750) or TACE (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 980). Comparison of OS between PH and TACE determined a pooled TR of 1.91 (95% CI 1.24–2.94; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.001). Survival rates at 1-, 3-, and 5-year were 85, 60, and 42% after PH, compared to 73, 60, and 20% after TACE (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.001). There was no difference in postprocedural mortality between PH and TACE with rates of 3.7 and 3.4%, respectively (TR 0.95; 95% CI 0.17–5.50; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.879). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; In patients with intermediate HCC, PH was associated with increased long-term survival compared to TACE, with comparable postprocedural mortality. These results suggest considering PH as treatment option in intermediate HCC and highlight the urgent need to refine the selection of patients with BCLC-B stage who may benefit from PH.
Associations Between Depression, Arterial Stiffness, and Metabolic Syndrome Among Adults in the UK Biobank Population Study
Authors: Alex Dregan, Lauren Rayner, Katrina A. S. Davis, Ioannis Bakolis, Jorge Arias de la Torre, Jayati Das-Munshi, Stephani L. Hatch, Robert Stewart, Matthew Hotopf
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2020)

Previous research has linked a history of depression with arterial stiffness (AS) during midlife.To assess the association of depression with elevated midlife AS and to investigate the extent to which this association is mediated via metabolic syndrome (MetS).This population-based retrospective cohort study analyzed data collected between March 2006 and December 2010 from 124 445 participants aged 40 to 69 years from the UK Biobank. Participants without data on AS at baseline (n = 332 780) or who reported a previous diagnosis of cardiovascular disease (n = 45 374) were not eligible. Data analysis was performed from May to August 2019.Lifetime history of depression was assessed via verbal interview and linked hospital-based clinical depression diagnosis. Metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of 3 or more of hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and unhealthy waist circumference.Peripherally assessed AS index (ASI) using digital photoplethysmography.Of 124 445 included participants with ASI assessed, 71 799 (57.7%) were women, and the mean (SD) age was 56 (8) years. A total of 10 304 participants (8.3%) reported a history of depression. Study findings indicated a significant direct association between depression and ASI levels (β = 0.25; 95% CI, 0.17-0.32). A significant indirect association was also observed between depression and ASI levels (β = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.07-0.13), indicating that 29% of the association of depression with ASI was mediated by MetS. The proportion of mediation increased to 37% when C-reactive protein was added to the MetS criteria (direct association: β = 0.21; 95% CI, 0.15-0.28; indirect association: β = 0.13; 95% CI, 0.10-0.17). Concerning components of MetS, the strongest indirect association was for waist circumference, accounting for 25% of the association between depression and ASI levels (direct association: β = 0.26; 95% CI, 0.18-0.34; indirect association: β = 0.09; 95% CI, 0.06-0.11). Among men, hypertriglyceridemia accounted for 19% of the association between depression and ASI (direct association: β = 0.22; 95% CI, 0.05-0.40; indirect association: β = 0.05; 95% CI, 0.02-0.08).One-third of the association of depression with elevated ASI levels during midlife may be accounted for by combined MetS and inflammatory processes. Unhealthy waist circumference and hypertriglyceridemia emerged as the most important potential targets for preventive interventions within women and men, respectively.
Macrophage Metabolism of Apoptotic Cell-Derived Arginine Promotes Continual Efferocytosis and Resolution of Injury
Authors: Arif Yurdagul, Manikandan Subramanian, Xiaobo Wang, Scott B. Crown, Olga R. Ilkayeva, Lancia Darville, Gopi K. Kolluru, Christina C. Rymond, Brennan D. Gerlach, Ze Zheng, George Kuriakose, Christopher G. Kevil, John M. Koomen, John L. Cleveland, Deborah M. Muoio, Ira Tabas
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2020)
Abstract 14291: Deficiency of P62/SQSTM1 Exacerbates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction
Authors: Michiko Tsushima, Junsei Mimura, Jun Liu, Hiromi Yamazaki, Shuya Kasai, Hirofumi Tomita, Ken Itoh
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: An anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) is known to induce chronic cardiotoxicity and heart failure. p62/SQSTM1 is a ubiquitin-binding protein, which plays an important role in selective a...
Refining Cancer Management Using Integrated Liquid Biopsy
Authors: Juhui Qiu, Jianxiong Xu, Kang Zhang, Wei Gu, Liming Nie, Guixue Wang, Yang Luo
Journal: Theranostics (2020)

Liquid biopsy has emerged in the last ten years as an appealing noninvasive strategy to support early cancer diagnosis and follow-up interventions.However, conventional liquid biopsy strategies involving specified biomarkers have encountered unexpected inconsistencies stemming from the use of different analytical methodologies.Recent reports have repeatedly demonstrated that integrated detection of multiple liquid biopsy biomarkers can significantly improve diagnostic performance by eliminating the influence of intratumoral heterogeneity.Herein, we review the progress in the field of liquid biopsy and propose a novel integrated liquid biopsy framework consisting of three categories: elementary, intermediate, and advanced integration.We also summarize the merits of the integration strategy and propose a roadmap toward refining cancer diagnosis, metastasis surveillance, and prognostication.
Less is more: Silver-AIE core@shell nanoparticles for multimodality cancer imaging and synergistic therapy
Authors: Xuewen He, Chen Peng, Sujing Qiang, Ling-Hong Xiong, Zheng Zhao, Zaiyu Wang, Ryan T.K. Kwok, Jacky W.Y. Lam, Nan Ma, Ben Zhong Tang
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
Child mental health: improvements are too slow, says report
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The government’s pledges to improve child mental health services are not being delivered quickly enough, the children’s commissioner for England has warned.1

The third annual children’s mental health report from the commissioner, Anne Longfield, said that, despite years of government commitments, NHS spending on children’s mental health continued to lag behind spending on services for adults, leaving substantial unmet need. On average, the NHS spends £225 (€266; $292) on mental health for every adult but only £92 for every child.

Longfield said, “Children’s mental health remains the poor relation of NHS spending, receiving a …
ST上昇を伴う右脚ブロックの成人被験者の5年生存率と臨床的特徴 | 文献情報 | J-GLOBAL 科学技術総合リンクセンター
Authors: Namiki T, Ogura T, Kuwabara Y, Kobayashi S, Saito T, Masuda Y
Journal: Circulation (1995)
In vivo assessment of tumour associated macrophages in murine melanoma obtained by low-field relaxometry in the presence of iron oxide particles
Authors: Simona Baroni, Maria Rosaria Ruggiero, Valeria Bitonto, Lionel M. Broche, David J. Lurie, Silvio Aime, Simonetta Geninatti Crich
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)

Tumour-associated macrophages (TAM) are forced by cancer cells to adopt an anti-inflammatory phenotype and secrete factors to promote tumour invasion thus being responsible for poor patient outcome. The aim of this study is to develop a clinically applicable, non-invasive method to obtain a quantitative TAM detection in tumour tissue. The method is based on longitudinal proton relaxation rate (R1) measurements at low field (0.01-1 MHz) to assess the localization of ferumoxytol (clinical approved iron oxide particles) in TAM present in melanoma tumours, where R1 = 1/T1. R1 at low magnetic fields appears highly dependent on the intra or extra cellular localization of the nanoparticles thus allowing an unambiguous TAM quantification. R1 profiles were acquired on a Fast Field-Cycling relaxometer equipped with a 40 mm wide bore magnet and an 11 mm solenoid detection coil placed around the anatomical region of interest. The R1 values measured 3 h and 24 h after the injection were significantly different. At 24 h R1 exhibited a behavior similar to "in vitro" ferumoxytol-labelled J774A.1 macrophages whereas at 3 h, when the ferumoxytol distribution was extracellular, R1 exhibited higher values similar to that of free ferumoxytol in solution. This finding clearly indicated the intracellular localization of ferumoxytol at 24 h, as confirmed by histological analysis (Pearls and CD68 assays). This information could be hardly achievable from measurements at a single magnetic field and opens new horizons for cell tracking applications using FFC-MRI.
Effect of protein-bound polysaccharide (PSK) combined with paclitaxel (PTX) and carboplatin (CBDCA) in lung cancer cell lines
Authors: Tatsuhiko Kashii, Hidemi Kiyota, Shinya Tokunaga, Koji Takeda, Hirobumi Asai, Mariko Kato, Ken-ichi Matsunaga
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

1903  Background and Objectives: PSK (Krestin®) is a protein-bound polysaccharide extracted from the cultured mycelium of Basidiomycetes. Combined use of PSK and chemotherapy has been shown to prolong the survival and response period in patients with gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and small cell lung cancer. In the present study, we studied the effect of a combination of PSK and standard chemotherapeutic agents (PTX and CBDCA) in lung cancer cell lines (NCI-H69 and NCI-H441). Methods: Cell proliferation was examined using the 3H-thymidine uptake method. The cell cycle analysis was performed by propidium iodide staining approach and flow cytometry. Results: No significant change was observed with PSK alone (25 to 100 μg/mL) whereas a dose-dependent growth inhibition was observed with PTX (0.1 to 1 nM) or CBDCA (1 to 10 μM) alone, and further augmentation of dose-dependent growth inhibition was observed when PSK was added in combination. At PTX concentrations of 1 nM and below, there were no changes in the proportion of cells in sub-G1 and G2/M phase in the absence of PSK, but the sub-G1 phase cells tended to increase in the presence of PSK. Conclusions: These results suggest that PSK augments the growth inhibitory effect of anti-cancer agents in lung cancer cells, and the mechanism partially involves induction of apoptosis. The detailed mechanisms are being investigated.
Reply to Mok et al.
Authors: Kambiz Kadkhodayan, Muhammad K. Hasan
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

See also: Which needle and technique should we use for endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsy? A work in progressEndoscopy 2019; 51(09): 811-812DOI: 10.1055/a-0967-1829 See also: The 22-gauge core needle is not optimal for endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver biopsyEndoscopy 2020; 52(02): 157-157DOI: 10.1055/a-1031-9504
Market Share of US Catholic Hospitals and Associated Geographic Network Access to Reproductive Health Services
Authors: Coleman Drake, Marian Jarlenski, Yuehan Zhang, Daniel Polsky
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Access to reproductive health services is a public health goal. It is unknown how geographic and health plan network availability of Catholic and non-Catholic hospitals may be associated with access to reproductive health services in the United States. <h3>Objective</h3> To characterize the market share of Catholic hospitals in the United States, both overall and within Marketplace health insurance plans' hospital networks. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cross-sectional study of US counties used data on hospitals' Catholic affiliation and discharges, hospital networks in Marketplace health insurance plans, and US Census population data to construct a national, county-level data set. The Catholic hospital market share overall in each county and in Marketplace plans' hospital networks in each county were calculated. The study examined whether the Catholic hospital market share was different within Marketplace networks compared with the counties they served. Data analysis was conducted in May and June 2018. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The overall Catholic hospital market share was calculated on the basis of the share of discharges in Catholic hospitals in a county compared with all hospital discharges. Overall market share was categorized as minimal (≤2%), low (&gt;2% to ≤20%), high (&gt;20% to ≤70%), or dominant (&gt;70%). The Catholic hospital market share in Marketplace networks was calculated as the share of Catholic hospital discharges in each Marketplace network. <h3>Results</h3> The sample included 4450 hospitals in 3101 counties. Overall, 26.1% of US counties had minimal Catholic hospital market share, 38.6% had low Catholic hospital market share, and 35.3% had high or dominant Catholic hospital market share; 38.7% of US reproductive-aged women resided in counties with high or dominant Catholic hospital market share. Among counties with Catholic hospital market share greater than 2%, the distribution of the median Marketplace network's Catholic hospital market share (median [interquartile range], 4.6% [0%-24.3%]) was lower than overall Catholic hospital market share (median [interquartile range], 18.5% [8.1%-36.5%]). The median Marketplace hospital network had a lower Catholic hospital market share than the county overall in 68.0% of US counties with Catholic hospital market share greater than 2%. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this national study, 35.3% of counties had high or dominant Catholic hospital market share serving an estimated 38.7% of US women of reproductive age. Marketplace health insurance plans' hospital networks included a lower share of Catholic hospitals than the counties they serve.