tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Associations Between High-Density Lipoprotein Particles and Ischemic Events by Vascular Domain, Sex, and Ethnicity
Authors: Kavisha Singh, Alvin Chandra, Thomas Sperry, Parag H. Joshi, Amit Khera, Salim S. Virani, Christie M. Ballantyne, James D. Otvos, Robin P.F. Dullaart, Eke G. Gruppen, Margery A. Connelly, Colby R. Ayers, Anand Rohatgi
Journal: Circulation (2020)

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration (HDL-C) is an established atheroprotective marker, in particular for coronary artery disease; however, HDL particle concentration (HDL-P) may better predict risk. The associations of HDL-C and HDL-P with ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) among women and Blacks have not been well studied. We hypothesized that HDL-P would consistently be associated with MI and stroke among women and Blacks compared with HDL-C.We analyzed individual-level participant data in a pooled cohort of 4 large population studies without baseline atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: DHS (Dallas Heart Study; n=2535), ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities; n=1595), MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; n=6632), and PREVEND (Prevention of Renal and Vascular Endstage Disease; n=5022). HDL markers were analyzed in adjusted Cox proportional hazard models for MI and ischemic stroke.In the overall population (n=15 784), HDL-P was inversely associated with the combined outcome of MI and ischemic stroke, adjusted for cardiometabolic risk factors (hazard ratio [HR] for quartile 4 [Q4] versus quartile 1 [Q1], 0.64 [95% CI, 0.52-0.78]), as was HDL-C (HR for Q4 versus Q1, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.61-0.94]). Adjustment for HDL-C did not attenuate the inverse relationship between HDL-P and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, whereas adjustment for HDL-P attenuated all associations between HDL-C and events. HDL-P was inversely associated with the individual end points of MI and ischemic stroke in the overall population, including in women. HDL-P was inversely associated with MI among White participants but not among Black participants (HR for Q4 versus Q1 for Whites, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.35-0.69]; for Blacks, 1.22 [95% CI, 0.76-1.98]; Pinteraction=0.001). Similarly, HDL-C was inversely associated with MI among White participants (HR for Q4 versus Q1, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.36-0.78]) but had a weak direct association with MI among Black participants (HR for Q4 versus Q1, 1.75 [95% CI, 1.08-2.83]; Pinteraction<0.0001).Compared with HDL-C, HDL-P was consistently associated with MI and ischemic stroke in the overall population. Differential associations of both HDL-C and HDL-P for MI by Black ethnicity suggest that atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk may differ by vascular domain and ethnicity. Future studies should examine individual outcomes separately.
Predictors of Prolonged Opioid Use After Initial Prescription for Acute Musculoskeletal Injuries in Adults
Authors: John J. Riva, Salmi T. Noor, Li Wang, Vahid Ashoorion, Farid Foroutan, Behnam Sadeghirad, Rachel Couban, Jason W. Busse
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Background: Opioids are frequently prescribed for acute musculoskeletal injuries and may result in long-term use and consequent harms. Purpose: To explore factors associated with persistent opioid use after its prescription for acute musculoskeletal injury. Data Sources: Searches of multiple electronic databases, without language restrictions, from inception to 6 January 2020, and reference lists of selected articles. Study Selection: Observational studies of adults with opioid prescriptions for outpatient acute musculoskeletal injuries, in an adjusted model, that explored risk factors for prolonged use. Data Extraction: 6 reviewers, working in pairs, independently extracted data, rated the quality of studies, and evaluated the certainty of evidence. Data Synthesis: 14 cohorts with 13 263 393 participants were included. The overall prevalence of prolonged opioid use after musculoskeletal injury for high-risk populations (that is, patients receiving workers' compensation benefits, Veterans Affairs claimants, or patients with high rates of concurrent substance use disorder) was 27% (95% CI, 18% to 37%). The prevalence among low-risk populations was 6% (CI, 4% to 8%; P for interaction < 0.001). Moderate-certainty evidence showed increased odds of persistent opioid use with older age (absolute risk increase [ARI] for every 10-year increase, 1.1% [CI, 0.7% to 1.5%]) and physical comorbidity (ARI, 0.9% [CI, 0.1% to 1.7%]). Low-certainty evidence suggested increased risk for persistent opioid use with past or current substance use disorder (ARI, 10.5% [CI, 4.2% to 19.8%]), prescriptions lasting more than 7 days (median ARI, 4.5%), and higher morphine milligram equivalents per day. Limitation: Sparse, heterogeneous data with suboptimal adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusion: Avoiding prescribing opioids for acute musculoskeletal injuries to patients with past or current substance use disorder, and restricting duration to 7 days or less and using lower doses when they are prescribed, are potentially important targets to reduce rates of persistent opioid use. Primary Funding Source: National Safety Council. (PROSPERO: CRD42018104968)
Impact of gemtuzumab ozogamicin on MRD and relapse risk in patients with <i>NPM1</i>-mutated AML: results from the AMLSG 09-09 trial
Authors: Silke Kapp-Schwoerer, Daniela Weber, Andrea Corbacioglu, Verena I. Gaidzik, Peter Paschka, Jan Krönke, Frauke Theis, Frank G. Rücker, Maria-Veronica Teleanu, Ekaterina Panina, Nikolaus Jahn, Julia Herzig, Lena Kubanek, Anika Schrade, Gudrun Göhring, Walter Fiedler, Thomas Kindler, Thomas Schroeder, Karin T. Mayer, Michael Lübbert, Mohammed Wattad, Katharina S. Götze, Heinz A. Horst, Elisabeth Koller, Gerald Wulf, Jan Schleicher, Martin Bentz, Jürgen Krauter, Lars Bullinger, Julia Krzykalla, Axel Benner, Richard F. Schlenk, Felicitas Thol, Michael Heuser, Arnold Ganser, Hartmut Döhner, Konstanze Döhner
Journal: Blood (2020)
Temporal Trends in Opioid Prescribing Patterns Among Oncologists in the Medicare Population
Authors: Vikram Jairam, Daniel X Yang, Saamir Pasha, Pamela R Soulos, Cary P Gross, James B Yu, Henry S Park
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2020)

Abstract Background In the wake of the US opioid epidemic, there have been efforts to curb opioid prescribing. However, it is unknown whether these efforts have affected prescribing among oncologists, whose patients often require opioids for symptom management. We investigated temporal patterns in opioid prescribing for Medicare beneficiaries among oncologists and nononcologists. Methods We queried the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Part D prescriber dataset for all physicians between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2017. We used population-averaged multivariable negative binomial regression to estimate the association between time and per-provider opioid and gabapentinoid prescribing rate, defined as the annual number of drug claims (original prescriptions and refills) per beneficiary, among oncologists and nononcologists on a national and state level. Results From 2013 to 2017, the national opioid-prescribing rate declined by 20.7% (P &amp;lt; .001) among oncologists and 22.8% (P &amp;lt; .001) among non oncologists. During this time frame, prescribing of gabapentin increased by 5.9% (P &amp;lt; .001) and 23.1% (P &amp;lt; .001) among oncologists and nononcologists, respectively. Among palliative care providers, opioid prescribe increased by 15.3% (P &amp;lt; .001). During the 5-year period, 43 states experienced a decrease (P &amp;lt; .05) in opioid prescribing among oncologists, and in 5 states, opioid prescribing decreased more among oncologists than nononcologists (P &amp;lt; .05). Conclusions Between 2013 and 2017, the opioid-prescribing rate statistically significantly decreased nationwide among oncologists and nononcologists, respectively. Given similar declines in opioid prescribing among oncologists and nononcologists, there is concern that opioid-prescribing guidelines intended for the noncancer population are being applied inappropriately to patients with cancer and cancer survivors.
After revascularization for PAD, rivaroxaban reduced vascular events with a small increase in major bleeding
Authors: Debabrata Mukherjee
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

ACP Journal Club18 August 2020After revascularization for PAD, rivaroxaban reduced vascular events with a small increase in major bleedingDebabrata Mukherjee, MD, MSDebabrata Mukherjee, MD, MSTexas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA (D.M.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJ202008180-022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationBonaca MP, Bauersachs RM, Anand SS, et al. Rivaroxaban in peripheral artery disease after revascularization. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:1994-2004. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32222135Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: References1 Dhaliwal G, Mukherjee D. Peripheral arterial disease: epidemiology, natural history, diagnosis and treatment. Int J Angiol. 2007;16:36-44. [PMID: 22477268] Google Scholar2 Gerhard-Herman MD, Gornik HL, Barrett C, et al. 2016 AHA/ACC guideline on the management of patients with lower extremity peripheral artery disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force. Circulation 2017;135:e726-79. [PMID: 27840333] Google Scholar3 Eikelboom JW, Connolly SJ, Bosch J, et al. Rivaroxaban with or without aspirin in stable cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2017;377:1319-30. [PMID: 28844192] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA (D.M.)Disclosures: The commentator has disclosed no conflicts of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M19-3045.This article was published at Annals.org on 4 August 2020. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAntithrombotic Therapy for Symptomatic Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-AnalysisMiR-520a-3p Inhibited Macrophage Polarization and Promoted the Development of Atherosclerosis via Targeting UVRAG in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice 18 August 2020Volume 173, Issue 4Page: JC22KeywordsArteriesAspirinCardiovascular disease riskHemorrhageIschemiaIschemic strokeMyocardial infarctionPeripheral vascular diseaseRevascularizationThrombosis ePublished: 18 August 2020 Issue Published: 18 August 2020 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Clinical Characteristics, Genetic Alterations and Prognostic Significance of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) with Trisomy 8
Authors: Bolanle Gbadamosi, Daniel E Ezekwudo, Foluso Ogunleye, Sanjog Bastola, Mary Coffey, Zhou Yu, Hong Ye, Michael Stender, Dana Zakalik, Mark Micale, Ishmael Jaiyesimi
Journal: Blood (2017)
Multi-omic Analysis of the Interaction between Clostridioides difficile Infection and Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Frederic D. Bushman, Maire Conrad, Yue Ren, Chunyu Zhao, Christopher Gu, Christopher Petucci, Min-Soo Kim, Arwa Abbas, Kevin J. Downes, Nina Devas, Lisa M. Mattei, Jessica Breton, Judith Kelsen, Sarah Marakos, Alissa Galgano, Kelly Kachelries, Jessi Erlichman, Jessica L. Hart, Michael Moraskie, Dorothy Kim, Huanjia Zhang, Casey E. Hofstaedter, Gary D. Wu, James D. Lewis, Joseph P. Zackular, Hongzhe Li, Kyle Bittinger, Robert Baldassano
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2020)
Reply to the letter to the editor: DPD testing in radical chemoradiation for anal squamous cell carcinoma? by R. Muirhead, H. Jones, D. Gilbert, A. Gilbert &amp; C. Jacobs
Authors: R. Glynne-Jones, H.M. Meadows, A. Lopes, R. Muirhead, D. Sebag-Montefiore, R. Adams
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Balloon-based drug coating delivery to the artery wall is dictated by coating micro-morphology and angioplasty pressure gradients
Authors: Abraham R. Tzafriri, Benny Muraj, Fernando Garcia-Polite, Antonio G. Salazar-Martín, Peter Markham, Brett Zani, Anna Spognardi, Mazen Albaghdadi, Steve Alston, Elazer R. Edelman
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Deepak Acharya, Mohammad Torabi, Mark Borgstrom, Indranee Rajapreyar, Kwan Lee, Karl Kern, Peter Rycus, Joseph E. Tonna, Peta Alexander, Kapildeo Lotun
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Abstract 15135: Right Ventricular Longitudinal Strain Post-Acute Pulmonary Embolism is an Independent Predictor of Mortality
Authors: Mohammad Hashim Mustehsan, Aliaskar Hasani, Renato Quispe, Mihai Andreca, Jaspreet Bhatti, Cynthia C Taub
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Right Ventricular (RV) dysfunction is associated with morbidity and mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). Speckle-Tracking Endocardial Global Longitudinal Strain (Endo-G...
Providing intensive care
Authors: D F Bowden, D P Burke
Journal: BMJ (1996)

7.6 cases in the month after immunisation in the United Kingdom, based on the typical reported annual incidence of 1/100 000 ).1We questioned 103 patients with Guillain- Barre or Miller Fisher syndrome, 98 household controls, and 93 hospital controls in south east England in 1992-4 (before the measles/rubella immunisation programme).2Thirteen patients, and nine household and five hospital controls reported being immunised within 12 weeks before onset of neuropathy in the index case.The immunisations were for influenza in 10 patients and eight household and three hospital controls, typhoid/cholera in one patient and one household control, typhoid alone in one patient, tetanus toxoid booster in one patient, diphtheria/ tetanus/pertussis in one hospital control, and
Biomarkers of Osimertinib Response in Patients with Refractory, EGFR-T790M–positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer and Central Nervous System Metastases: The APOLLO Study
Authors: Ligang Xing, Yueyin Pan, Yuankai Shi, Yongqian Shu, Jifeng Feng, Wei Li, Lejie Cao, Lifeng Wang, Wei Gu, Yong Song, Puyuan Xing, Yutao Liu, Wen Gao, Jiuwei Cui, Nana Hu, Rutian Li, Hua Bao, Yang Shao, Jinming Yu
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Purpose: Dynamic biomarker monitoring may inform pathways for treating EGFR-T790M–positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and central nervous system (CNS) metastases with osimertinib. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of osimertinib for real-world patients with EGFR-T790M NSCLC and CNS metastases and to explore potential circulating biomarkers of therapeutic response. Patients and Methods: APOLLO (ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT02972333) was a prospective, single-arm, open-label trial which ran from January 2017 to April 2019. Eligible patients had confirmed EGFR-T790M–positive NSCLC, prior treatment with an EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and CNS metastases. All enrolled patients received oral osimertinib 80 mg once daily until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Primary outcome was overall progression-free survival (PFSo) and secondary outcomes included objective response rate (ORR) and adverse events (AE). Exploratory biomarker analysis involved collection of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples for next-generation sequencing and drug penetration analysis. Results: From January to September 2017, 38 patients were enrolled. After a median follow-up of 8.2 months (range, 0.07–15.6), 23 (60.5%) of 38 patients had disease progression or death. Median PFSo was 8.4 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.8–10.9]. Overall ORR was 39.4%. Twelve (31.6%) of 38 patients had ≥1 grade 3–4 AE. Median osimertinib CSF penetration rate was 31.7%. Patients with undetectable plasma EGFR mutations at week 6 had improved PFSo compared with those with detectable mutations (not reached vs. 4.5 months; 95% CI, 0.0–1.1; P &amp;lt; 0.05). Conclusions: Osimertinib had potent activity against EGFR-T790M–positive NSCLC with CNS metastases. Dynamic monitoring of plasma EGFR may suffice for predicting clinical responses, mitigating the need for repeat CSF biopsy. See related commentary by Marmarelis and Bauml, p. 6077
Correspondence to: ‘Characteristics associated with hospitalisation for COVID-19 in people with rheumatic disease: data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry’ by Gianfrancesco<i>et al</i>
Authors: Rachael Mary Flood, Richard Conway, Colm Kirby, Diana Gheta, David J Kane, Ronan H Mullan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

This paper introduces the Operational Patient Care Pathway which is a unified approach for clinical care to all operational patients arising from the Defence population at risk (PAR) exposed to the ‘all-hazards environment’ while deployed on military operations. It comprises three organisational models: the Healthcare Cycle, the Chain of Care and the Operational Patient Care Pathway. It is supported by a number key definitions including: the ‘All-Hazards Environment’, the Defence PAR, and the seven Capabilities of Operational Healthcare. Key new clinical concepts include: Tactical Field Care, Care under Fire, Enhanced Field Care, Prolonged Field Care, Progressive Resuscitation and Enhanced Diagnostics. The Operational Patient Care Pathway has been introduced to embed the medical lessons from the last decade of military operations into concepts and doctrine for the Defence Medical Services of the future. Readers of this journal are encouraged to debate the Operational Patient Care Pathway paper in order to enable a final version to be published in the next revision of Joint Medical Doctrine.
Physicians and Social Determinants of Health
Authors: Paul Rousseau
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gestational diabetes: opportunities for improving maternal and child health
Authors: Ponnusamy Saravanan, Laura A Magee, Anita Banerjee, Matthew Anthony Coleman, Peter Von Dadelszen, Fiona Denison, Andrew Farmer, Sarah Finer, Julia Fox-Rushby, Richard Holt, Robert S Lindsay, Lucy MacKillop, Michael Maresh, Fionnuala M McAuliffe, David McCance, Fergus P McCarthy, Claire L Meek, Helen R Murphy, Jenny Myers, Dharmintra Pasupathy, Lucilla Poston, Rebecca M Reynolds, Ponnusamy Saravanan, Eleanor Scott, Nithya Sukumar, Bee K Tan, Shakila Thangaratinam, Louise Webster, Sara Loiuse White, Catherine Williamson
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2020)
The Role of Resilience in Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Other Chronic Gastrointestinal Conditions, and the General Population
Authors: Colleen H Parker, Bruce D Naliboff, Wendy Shih, Angela P Presson, Lisa Kilpatrick, Arpana Gupta, Cathy Liu, Laurie A Keefer, Jenny S Sauk, Robert Hirten, Bruce E Sands, Lin Chang
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Genetic Basis of Atherosclerosis: Part II
Authors: Aldons J. Lusis, Alan M. Fogelman, Gregg C. Fonarow
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Knowledge of genetic factors in the etiology of coronary heart disease has not so far been adequately utilized in attempts to combat premature CHD.The time has now come to utilize genetic information in a setting of family-oriented preventive medicine.This approach would greatly improve the efficiency of preventive efforts, utilizing predictive genetic testing and targeting counseling on those who need it most. 1
A Good Place to Start — Low-Threshold Buprenorphine Initiation
Authors: Justin Berk
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Interview with Dr. Justin Berk on starting patients recently released from incarceration on treatment for opioid use disorder. (10:59)Download In Baltimore, a van was repurposed as a mobile health unit to address the city's opioid-overdose crisis. Clinicians prescribe buprenorphine to people recently released from incarceration, setting a low threshold for treatment initiation.
Virtual and experimental high throughput screening identifies a proteasome inhibitor highly selective for inducing apoptosis of cancer cells over normal cells
Authors: Aslamuzzaman Kazi, M.l. Richard Yip, Harshani Lawrence, Mark McLaughlin, Wayne C. Guida, Said M. Sebti
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

2202  The fact that many proapoptotic proteins are degraded by the proteasome prompted the development of proteasome inhibitors (PIs) as anticancer drugs. Although the PI Velcade has been approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma, the search for PIs with lower toxicities to normal cells continues. To this end, we have screened about 3000 compounds from the NCI against the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome. One of the confirmed hits PI-301 inhibits the proteasome chymotrypsin activity of cancer but not normal cells (IC50 of 2μM) and accumulates two major substrates of the proteasome, the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and the CDK inhibitor p27kip. Importantly, in 3 sets of cancer cell lines with their normal counterparts from breast, pancreatic and ovarian origin, PI-301 inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in the cancer cells but not in the normal counterparts. Therefore, we have identified a novel PI which is highly selective for cancer cells and is non-toxic to normal cells.