tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sabuncuzade Serefeddin on the cover page of CMI
Authors: C. Polat, B.S. Oner
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)

We were happy to see a picture of Sabuncuzade Serefeddin on the cover page of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Volume 26 Number 3 March 2020 (see Fig. 1). Sabuncuzade Serefeddin was born in 1386 and died in 1468 in Amasya, Turkey. He was a famous doctor in Anatolia in the fifteenth century. He wrote a book on surgery, Cerrahiyet-ül Haniyye (Surgery book of Khan), which contains many paintings demonstrating surgical procedures and surgical instruments (see Fig. 2). For example, Sabuncuzade Serefeddin described a surgical knife and a silver tube for draining ascites from the abdominal cavity. He also defined various points on the abdominal wall for drainage procedures with minimal risk of injury to the intestines. Replicas of surgical instruments and copies of his books and writings are exhibited in the historical hospital of Sabuncuzade Serefeddin in Amasya, which is now a museum—the Şifahane, Bimarhane (Hospital Treatment Centre). He specialized in experimental medicine and pharmacology. He performed many experiments to develope an antidote to snake venom and some other toxic agents. He also wrote a pharmacology book—Mücerrebname (Experiences in Pharmacology). He suggested hand washing and social isolation for protection from contagious diseases. He also recommended sleeping well and good nutrition to improve the body's resistance to infectious diseases in these books. There is a journal named Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Health Sciences and the Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Education and Research Hospital is affiliated to the Medical Faculty of Amasya University. The authors declare no conflict of interest. No external funding was received for this study.
Periodontal therapy and cardiovascular risk
Authors: Marco Orlandi, Filippo Graziani, Francesco D'Aiuto
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2020)

Abstract Cardiovascular diseases are the worldwide leading cause of mortality. Cardiovascular diseases are noncommunicable conditions with a complex pathogenesis, and their clinical manifestations include major cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Epidemiologic evidence suggests a consistent association between periodontitis and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Some evidence supports a beneficial effect of the treatment of periodontitis on both surrogate and hard cardiovascular outcomes. This narrative review has been conducted as an update of the most recent evidence on the effects of periodontitis treatment on cardiovascular outcomes since the last commissioned review of the European Federation of Periodontology‐American Academy of Periodontology World Workshop in 2012. Newer evidence originating from published randomized controlled trials confirms a positive effect of periodontal treatment on surrogate measures of cardiovascular diseases, whereas there have been no randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of periodontal treatment on the incidence of cardiovascular disease events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. In conclusion, there is sufficient evidence from observational and experimental studies on surrogate cardiovascular measures to justify the design and conduct of appropriately powered randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of effective periodontal interventions on cardiovascular disease outcomes (ie, myocardial infarction and stroke) with adequate control of traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
PTH-030 Conventional versus virtual chromoendoscopy for colitis surveillance: dysplasia detection, feasibility and patient acceptability (convince)
Authors: Shraddha Gulati, Patrick Dubois, Ben Carter, Victoria Cornelius, Andrew Emmanuel, Amyn Haji, Bu’Hussain Hayee
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Chromoendoscopy (CE) is the recommended surveillance technique for dysplasia in colitis, but uptake has been limited. Virtual CE (VCE) by Fujinon Intelligent Colour Enhancement digitally reconstructs mucosal images in real-time, without the technical challenges of CE. The literature provides limited information on patient experience (PE); imperative to adherence to surveillance programmes. We performed a multi-faceted randomised crossover trial to evaluate acceptability of study design and obtain preliminary comparative procedural performance data and PE using CE vs VCE. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients 18–75 y due surveillance colonoscopy were randomised to undergo CE or VCE first. After 3–8 weeks, participants underwent colonoscopy with the second technique, performed by an endoscopist blinded to the results of the first. Patient recruitment/retention, missed dysplasia by VCE/CE, endoscopist's prediction of dysplasia and contamination (endoscopists memory/sampling of the 1 st procedure) were recorded. PE was assessed by validated questionnaires. This abstract presents independent research funded by the NIHR under its Research for Patient Benefit Programme (PB-PG-0614–34040). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. <h3>Results</h3> 60 patients were recruited (recruitment rate 80%) over an 11 month period. 48 patients completed the trial (retention rate 80%); 23 (11F, 48.4±14.6 y) received VCE and 25 (9 F,41.4±12.3 y) CE first. Examination time for CE vs VCE was 20±7 vs 14±4 mins respectively (p&lt;0.001; CI 3.5–8). There were no episodes of contamination. 11 dysplastic lesions were detected in 7/48 (14.5%). Per-lesion analysis: VCE missed 1 lesion (miss rate 9.1%), CE missed 2 lesions in 2 patients (miss rate 18.2%). Per-patient analysis: miss rate for dysplasia using VCE was 1/48 (2.1%) VCE and CE 2/48 (4.2%). Diagnostic accuracy for dysplasia using VCE 93.94% (85.2–98.32) vs CE 76.9% (66.9%–98.2%). Visual analogue scale for pain experienced using VCE and CE were 27.4±17.5 mm and 34.7±18 mm respectively. Patient preference for VCE was 67% (n=31) vs CE 33% (n=15) in n=46, p&lt;0.001. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This is the first study to incorporate PE in a colitis surveillance trial and has demonstrated feasibility of the trial design itself. VCE is safe, appears technically less challenging, quicker and more comfortable procedure for patients with dysplasia detection at least as good as CE, thus overcoming many of barriers to the wider adoption of CE. This trial forms the successful foundation to inform a multicenter trial to confirm the value of VCE for colitis surveillance.
Effect of Viewing Disney Movies During Chemotherapy on Self-Reported Quality of Life Among Patients With Gynecologic Cancer
Authors: Sophie Pils, Johannes Ott, Alexander Reinthaller, Enikoe Steiner, Stephanie Springer, Robin Ristl
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> In addition to treatment efficacy, evaluation of adverse effects and quality of life assessments have become increasingly relevant in oncology. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the association of watching Disney movies during chemotherapy with emotional and social functioning and fatigue status. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This randomized clinical trial was performed from December 2017 to December 2018 at a cancer referral center in Vienna, Austria. A consecutive sample of women with gynecologic cancers was recruited through July 2018. Inclusion criteria included age older than 18 years, written informed consent, and planned 6 cycles of chemotherapy with either carboplatin and paclitaxel or carboplatin and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. Exclusion criteria were inadequate knowledge of the German language or receipt of other chemotherapy regimens. Data analysis was performed from February 2019 to April 2019. <h3>Intervention</h3> Participants were either shown Disney movies or not during 6 cycles of chemotherapy. Before and after every cycle, they completed standardized questionnaires from the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Primary outcomes were change of quality of life, as defined by the EORTC Core-30 (version 3) questionnaire, and fatigue, as defined by the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire Fatigue, during 6 cycles of chemotherapy. <h3>Results</h3> Fifty-six women entered the study, and 50 completed it, including 25 women in the Disney group (mean [SD] age, 59 [12] years) and 25 women in the control group (mean [SD] age, 62 [8] years). In the course of 6 cycles of chemotherapy, patients in the Disney group felt less tense and worried less than patients in the control group according to their responses to the questions about emotional functioning (mean [SD] score, 86.9 [14.3] vs 66.3 [27.2]; maximum test<i>P</i> = .02). Furthermore, watching Disney movies was associated with less encroachment on patients' family life and social activities, as evaluated by the social functioning questions (mean [SD] score, 86.1 [23.0] vs 63.6 [33.6]; maximum test<i>P</i> = .01). Moreover, this intervention led to fewer fatigue symptoms (mean [SD] score, 85.5 [13.6] vs 66.4 [22.5]; maximum test<i>P</i> = .01). Perceived global health status was not associated with watching Disney movies (mean [SD] score, 75.9 [17.6] vs 61.0 [25.1]; maximum test<i>P</i> = .16). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> These findings suggest that watching Disney movies during chemotherapy may be associated with improvements in emotional functioning, social functioning, and fatigue status in patients with gynecologic cancers. <h3>Trial Registration</h3> ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT03863912
Short term use of an e-cig: Influence on clinical symptoms, vital signs and eCO levels
Authors: Stamatoula Tsikrika, Sofia Vakali, Sofianna-Antiopi Gennimata, Anastasios Palamidas, Georgios Kaltsakas, Nikolaos Koulouris, Christina Gratziou
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

INTRODUCTION:The risks of electronic cigarette are a subject of uncertainty.  AIM:The study was designed to assess the acute effect of smoking an e- cigarette on vital signs, clinical symptoms and exhaled markers.  METHODS:Sixty two participants (32 men) with a mean age of 45,43 years have been recruited. Sixteen smokers were suffered by COPD ,12 smokers by asthma, 24 smokers had no overt airways disease. All were current smokers with a long smoking history. A group of 10 non-smokers was also included. The same brand of e-cig was used for 10 min inhaled 11mg. Clinical symptoms, vital signs, - heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO2) and exhaled CO, was assessed pre and post the e-cig use.  RESULTS:Cough and sore throat were presented in both groups, of non-smokers and smokers following the e-cig smoking. Sore throat and cough were reported by 90% of asthmatics and 63% of COPD. A significant increase in heart rate (p  CONCLUSION:Our study shows that even a single use of an e-cigarette increased heart rate and symptoms like cough and sore throat. Claims that electronic cigarettes can help smokers quit need to be backed up by clinical studies and toxicity analyses and operate within the proper regulatory framework.
Short-course, direct-acting antivirals and ezetimibe to prevent HCV infection in recipients of organs from HCV-infected donors: a phase 3, single-centre, open-label study
Authors: Jordan J Feld, Marcelo Cypel, Deepali Kumar, Harel Dahari, Rafaela Vanin Pinto Ribeiro, Nikki Marks, Nellie Kamkar, Ilona Bahinskaya, Fernanda Q Onofrio, Mohamed A Zahoor, Orlando Cerrochi, Kathryn Tinckam, S Joseph Kim, Jeffrey Schiff, Trevor W Reichman, Michael McDonald, Carolina Alba, Thomas K Waddell, Gonzalo Sapisochin, Markus Selzner, Shaf Keshavjee, Harry L A Janssen, Bettina E Hansen, Lianne G Singer, Atul Humar
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2020)
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction diagnostic scores in an Asian population
Authors: Wouter Ouwerkerk, Jasper Tromp, Xuanyi Jin, Fazlur Jaufeerally, Poh Shuan Daniel Yeo, Kui Toh Gerard Leong, Hean Yee Ong, Lieng Hsi Ling, Seet Yoong Loh, David Sim, Sheldon Lee, Dinna Soon, Calvin Chin, A. Mark Richards, Carolyn S.P. Lam
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2020)
Three-year overall survival update from the PACIFIC trial
Authors: Y.-L. Wu, J.E. Gray, A. Villegas, D.B. Daniel, D. Vicente, S. Murakami, R. Hui, T. Kurata, A. Chiappori, K.H. Lee, B.C. Cho, D. Planchard, L. Paz-Ares, C. Faivre-Finn, J.F. Vansteenkiste, D.R. Spigel, M. Taboada, P.A. Dennis, M. Özgüroğlu, S.J. Antonia
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Characteristics of inspiratory and expiratory reactance in interstitial lung disease
Authors: Hiroshi Iwamoto, Noboru Hattori, Yoshinori Haruta, Aya Sugiyama, Izumi Nakamura, Misa Nakagawa, Shintaro Miyamoto, Yojiro Onari, Nobuhisa Ishikawa, Kazunori Fujitaka, Hiroshi Murai, Nobuoki Kohno
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Forced oscillometry is a noninvasive method to measure respiratory impedance and widely used in obstructive lung diseases, but has not been well studied in restrictive lung diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of measurements obtained by impulse oscillation system (IOS) in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD).  IOS and spirometry were performed in 64 ILD patients, 54 asthma patients, 49 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, and 29 controls. Respiratory resistance and reactance were assessed as measurements averaged over several tidal breaths (whole-breath analysis) and as measurements separately averaged during inspiration and expiration (inspiratory-expiratory analysis).  Whole-breath analysis failed to distinguish between ILD and obstructive lung diseases. Inspiratory-expiratory analysis demonstrated no difference between inspiratory and expiratory reactance at 5 Hz (X5) in controls and asthma patients. Expiratory X5 was more negative than inspiratory X5 in COPD patients. In contrast, expiratory X5 was found to be less negative than inspiratory X5 in ILD patients. Furthermore, within-breath change in X5 was inversely correlated with vital capacity and diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide in ILD patients.  These results suggest that increased magnitude of X5 during inspiration compared with that during expiration is a characteristic feature of IOS measurements in ILD patients.
Partha Kar: Covid-19 and ethnicity—why are all our angels white?
Authors: Partha Kar
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The higher covid-19 mortality rate among people from black and minority ethnic (BME) backgrounds—both in healthcare workers and the general population—has shone a spotlight on an important matter. For those unfamiliar with the issue it may be a shock to realise that people from BME backgrounds, as a whole, have poorer outcomes than other groups.

There’s a well established link between mortality rates and socioeconomic deprivation, and there’s been enough of a hint that people from BME backgrounds sometimes experience carer apathy too, whether it’s down to language barriers or downright racism.

The NHS’s general response has been to produce lots of platitudes, a few glossy documents, and lots of verbal commitments to improve. Anyone looking for a previous example need …
Achieving the balance between evidence and simplicity
Authors: Richard Beasley, Irene Braithwaite, Alex Semprini, Ciléin Kearns, Mark Weatherall, Tim Harrison, Alberto Papi, Ian D. Pavord
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

We thank B. Lipworth and colleagues for their insightful comments and for raising the important issue of distinguishing between maintenance and reliever budesonide–formoterol use within the anti-inflammatory reliever (AIR) therapy regimen. We agree that such a distinction may be artificial and not be possible in clinical practice. We consider that this is an important conceptual issue but one that may have limited clinical relevance, when prescribing budesonide–formoterol according to a maintenance and reliever therapy regimen in asthma. Indeed it has been shown, from electronic monitoring of inhaler use, that there is such marked variation in medication use when budesonide–formoterol is used as a maintenance and reliever therapy, both long term and prior to severe exacerbations, that such differentiation is both unrealistic and not required in clinical practice [1, 2]. The proposed anti-inflammatory reliever (AIR) therapy algorithm and action plan provides practical guidance for the use of this regimen in clinical practice <https://bit.ly/3c0W7EC>
Altered microRNA expression links IL6 and TNF-induced inflammaging with myeloid malignancy in humans and mice
Authors: Jennifer M. Grants, Joanna Wegrzyn, Tony Hui, Kieran O’Neill, Marion Shadbolt, David J. H. F. Knapp, Jeremy Parker, Yu Deng, Aparna Gopal, T. Roderick Docking, Megan Fuller, Jenny Li, Mark Boldin, Connie J. Eaves, Martin Hirst, Aly Karsan
Journal: Blood (2020)
Use of a Monoclonal Antibody Directed against the Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor in High-Risk Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: The EPIC Investigators
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Platelets are believed to play a part in the ischemic complications of coronary angioplasty, such as abrupt closure of the coronary vessel during or soon after the procedure. Accordingly, we evaluated the effect of a chimeric monoclonal-antibody Fab fragment (c7E3 Fab) directed against the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor, in patients undergoing angioplasty who were at high risk for ischemic complications. This receptor is the final common pathway for platelet aggregation.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Authors: I Bates, R J Courtenay-Evans
Journal: BMJ (1984)

discussion.(1) The incidence of side effects needs to be established.Our data will be discussed with Wellcome with a view to investigiting the further cases reported direct to us. (2)Information about these side effects, if established, must be made more widely available to doctors, pharmacists, and the general public. (3)From the correspondence it seems likely that the side effects of these preparations are well known by individual parents, doctors, and pharmacists, yet this information seems to have failed to reach either the manufacturers or the Committee on Safety of Medicines.If the incidence of side
Caregiving relationships as evolutionary and developmental bases of obligation
Authors: Rachna B Reddy, Henry M Wellman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2020)

Abstract Obligation as defined by Tomasello requires mutually capable parties, but one-sided caregiver relationships reveal its developmental and evolutionary precursors. Specifically, “coercive” emotions may prompt protective action by caregivers toward infant primates, and infants show distress toward caregivers when they appear to violate expectations in their relationships. We argue that these early social-relational expectations and emotions may form the base of obligation.
Abstract 10244: GTP-binding Protein 9 Inhibition Attenuates Hypertrophic Response in Human Ventricular Myocytes
Authors: Gayathri Narasimhan, Mallikarjun Patil, Hien T Luong, John Henderson, Prasanna Krishnamurthy
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: GTP-binding protein 9 (GTPBP9) has been shown to translationally regulate cell growth and survival in several cancers. However, its role in cardiac hypertrophy, a process involving enha...
Vitamin D binding protein variants associate asthma susceptibility in a Chinese Han population
Authors: Fei Li, Saffron Willis-Owen, Youming Zhang, Jinming Gao
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Asthma is a genetically heterogeneous disease. Polymorphisms of genes encoding components of the vitamin D pathway have been reported to associate with the risk of asthma. Previously, we demonstrated that the vitamin D status in serum was associated with lung function in Chinese asthma patients. In this study, we tested whether polymorphisms of vitamin D receptors ( VDR ), vitamin D 25-hydroxylase ( CYP2R1 ) and vitamin D binding protein ( GC ) were associated with asthma in a Han Chinese Population.   Methods:  We sequenced 8 exons of VDR and all 5 exons of CYP2R1 and identified only two mutations on the coding regions in a Han Chinese case-control cohort of asthma. These two polymorphism markers were rs2228570 on exon 4 of  VDR  and rs12794714 on exon 1 of  CYP2R1 . We then genotyped the two markers in the cohort that consisted of 467 asthma patients and 288 unrelated healthy. We also genotyped two common polymorphism marker rs4588 and rs7041 in vitamin D binding protein (group-specific component, GC) gene by a PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. We analyzed the association between these polymorphisms and asthma susceptibility and asthma relevant traits.   Results:  Polymorphism markers in  VDR  and  CYP2R1  were not associated with asthma in the Han Chinese cohort. The variants of vitamin D binding proteins were associated with asthma susceptibility. Compared with Gc1, Gc2 was strongly associated with the risk of asthma (OR=1.35, 95% CI= 1.01-1.78 p=0.006).   Conclusions:  The results provide supporting evidence for association between GC variants and asthma susceptibility in the Chinese Han population.
Recurrent Sinopulmonary Infection and Impaired Antibody Response to Bacterial Capsular Polysaccharide Antigen in Children with Selective IgG-Subclass Deficiency
Authors: Dale T. Umetsu, Donna M. Ambrosino, Isabella Quinti, George R. Siber, Raif S. Geha
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Recurrent Sinopulmonary Infection and Impaired Antibody Response to Bacterial Capsular Polysaccharide Antigen in Children with Selective IgG-Subclass Deficiency
FAS/APO1 mutations and defective FAS-mediated apoptosis in a child with type 2 autoimmune hepatitis.
Authors: P Pensati, A Costanzo, R Iorio, A Ianni, G Natoli, D Accapezzato, R Nisini, C Balsamo, Pietro Vajro, S Porzio, S Botta, A Vegnente, M. Levrero
Journal: Hepatology (1997)