tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adherence to Guideline Medication Recommendations to Prevent Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Progression Among Adults With Prior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Suzanne V. Arnold, James A. de Lemos, Yuyin Liu, Katherine E. Mues, Deepak L. Bhatt, Christopher P. Cannon, Mikhail Kosiborod
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

This cohort study describes the use of drug therapies to prevent the progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in US patients with prior myocardial infarction and elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
Perspectives on transitions away from donor assistance for health: a discrete choices experiment in Sri Lanka
Authors: Ipchita Bharali, Wenhui Mao, Hanna Huffstetler, Annahl Hoole, Prasadini Perera, Osondu Ogbuoji
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2020)

BackgroundSince Sri Lanka transitioned to an upper-middle-income country in 2019, it is no longer eligible for concessional donor aid for health. Experiences of how donor transitions in the health sector were managed in Sri Lanka offer valuable insights to mitigate negative impacts of donor exits. In this study, we seek to understand preferences of in-country stakeholders for potential policy options to manage donor transitions.MethodsWe conducted a discrete choice experiment with attributes and levels developed from 17 qualitative interviews conducted in Sri Lanka. The attributes (and levels) included were: (1) conducted transition readiness assessment (TRA) (Yes/No); (2) developed a national plan to manage the transition process (Yes/No); (3) ministry leading the transition (Ministry of Finance/Ministry of Health/both ministries); (4) post-transition funding (increasing domestic health budget allocations/encourage public health facilities to generate revenues/reduce wastage and improve efficiency; and (5) post-transition funding through loans (no loans/low interest concessional loans/ high interest commercial loans). We analysed data by fitting a Hierarchical Bayes model.FindingsWe analysed data from 61 respondents; 36 (59%) were from government agencies, 12 (20%) from non-governmental organisations (NGOs), five (8%) from donor agencies, and eight (13%) from other sectors. Stakeholders showed a strong preference to conduct TRA (utilities: 45·47) and develop a national plan to manage transition (57·69). Stakeholders preferred the Ministry of Health to lead the transition process (12·05). Post-transition funding through loans emerged as most important (35%), followed by development of a national plan (23%), and type of post-transition funding (19%). Increased domestic health funding was the most preferred form of post-transition funding. Government and NGO stakeholders preferred not to take loans after transition from donor aid. Importance assigned to attributes also varied between stakeholder groups. Both government (39%) and the NGOs (38%) felt health sector funding through loans after transition was the most important attribute, while donors (30%) reported that they would prefer to develop a national plan to manage the transition process.InterpretationBetter planning and sustainable health sector funding choices emerged as most important factors for managing transitions in Sri Lanka. These findings are key to the improvement of transition preparation and planning, and donor-government coordination in Sri Lanka. While most discussions about country transitions from donor assistance for health occur at a supranational level, this study aims to highlight in-country stakeholder perspectives that can improve a country's preparation for, or response to, donor transitions, and improve transition planning and coordination.FundingDuke Global Health Institute
A New Class of Topical Acne Treatment Addressing the Hormonal Pathogenesis of Acne
Authors: John S. Barbieri
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Projecting the demand for ventilators at the peak of the COVID-19 outbreak in the USA
Authors: Chad R Wells, Meagan C Fitzpatrick, Pratha Sah, Affan Shoukat, Abhishek Pandey, Abdulrahman M El-Sayed, Burton H Singer, Seyed M Moghadas, Alison P Galvani
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020)
PTH-104 Anti-tnf drug and antibody testing at week 30 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: is it worthwhile?
Authors: A Boal, SI Squires, GD Naismith
Journal: Gut (2017)

Introduction  Recent NICE guidelines recommend further research into the clinical outcomes of drug level and antibody testing (TDM) in anti-TNF therapy. The Royal Alexandra and Vale of Leven Hospitals introduced drug level and antibody testing as part of our assessment criteria for all patients receiving Infliximab (IFx) and Adalimumab (ADA). Following testing at 12 weeks, our results indicated that 16% of patients had sub-therapeutic or undetectable drug levels. This report aims to describe outcomes following additional testing at week 30 to determine the yield of abnormal results.  Method  Drug and antibody levels were sub-categorised to identify patients with drug levels greater than or equal to 3 µg/mL (therapeutic), less than 3 µg/mL but greater than 0.8 µg/mL (subtherapeutic) and less than 0.8 µg/mL (undetectable) All patients were anti-TNF naive at commencement. Patients with therapeutic levels at week 12 were prospectively planned to have additional drug levels carried out at week 30, in addition to symptom assessment.  Results  45 ‘Week 30’ TDM measurements were available at the time of this report (40 ADA and 5 IFx)  40/45 (89%) (38 ADA and 2 IFx) continued to have therapeutic drug levels. 1/40 (3%) had positive antibodies. 36/40 (90%) were asymptomatic. 4/40 (10%) reported symptoms which prompted further investigation confirmed active disease and 4/4 commenced alternative biological therapy.  4/45 (9%) had subtherapeutic drug levels. There was no antibody formation (0/4). 2/4 (50%) were on ADA and it was suspected that these levels reflected lack of adherence. 2/4 (50%) on IFx had drug therapy increased to 10 mg/kg dosage as per local protocol.  1/45 (2%) (IFx) had undetectable drug and positive antibodies. Active disease was confirmed on investigation and an alternative biological therapy was commenced.  Conclusion  Despite therapeutic TDM measurements at week twelve, 11% percent of those patients had abnormal levels at week 30. This yield of abnormal results indicates that there appears to be benefit in carrying a week 30 test. Further work would be required to determine the optimal timing of TDM in such patients.  Disclosure of Interest  None Declared
The RARa-PLZF Oncogenic Protein Inhibits C/EBPa Function in Myeloid Cells.
Authors: Mathieu Tremblay, Nathalie Girard, Andre Haman, Benoit Grondin, Nathalie Bouchard, Jean Labrecque, Bing Chen, Zhu Chen, Sai-Juan Chen, Trang Hoang
Journal: Blood (2007)
N<sup>6</sup>-methyladenosine mRNA methylation of <i>PIK3CB</i> regulates AKT signalling to promote PTEN-deficient pancreatic cancer progression
Authors: Jianbo Tian, Ying Zhu, Meilin Rao, Yimin Cai, Zequn Lu, Danyi Zou, Xiating Peng, Pingting Ying, Ming Zhang, Siyuan Niu, Yue Li, Rong Zhong, Jiang Chang, Xiaoping Miao
Journal: Gut (2020)

Objective Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Thus far, most drugs have failed to significantly improve patient survival. N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A) plays an important role in the progression of PDAC, but its aberrant regulation driven by germline variants in human diseases remains unclear. Design We first performed an exome-wide association analysis in 518 PDAC patients with overall survival and replicated in an independent population containing 552 PDAC patients. Then, a series of biochemical experiments in vitro and in vivo were conducted to investigate potential mechanisms of the candidate variant and its target gene PIK3CB underlying the PDAC progression. Moreover, the PIK3CB-selective inhibitor KIN-193 was used to block PDAC tumour growth. Results We identified a missense variant rs142933486 in PIK3CB that is significantly associated with the overall survival of PDAC by reducing the PIK3CB m 6 A level, which facilitated its mRNA and protein expression levels mediated by the m 6 A ‘writer’ complex (METTL13/METTL14/WTAP) and the m 6 A ‘reader’ YTHDF2. The upregulation of PIK3CB is widely found in PDAC tumour tissues and significantly correlated with the poor prognosis of PDAC, especially in PTEN-deficient patients. We further demonstrated that PIK3CB overexpression substantially enhanced the proliferation and migration abilities of PTEN-deficient PDAC cells and activated AKT signalling pathway. Remarkably, KIN-193, a PIK3CB-selective inhibitor, is shown to serve as an effective anticancer agent for blocking PTEN-deficient PDAC. Conclusions These findings demonstrate aberrant m 6 A homoeostasis as an oncogenic mechanism in PDAC and highlight the potential of PIK3CB as a therapeutic target for this disease.
Effect of Treatment Expectation on Placebo Response and Analgesic Efficacy
Authors: Anne E. Sanders, Gary D. Slade, Roger B. Fillingim, Richard Ohrbach, Samuel J. Arbes, Inna E. Tchivileva
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

This randomized clinical trial assessed the effect of patients’ treatment expectations on the efficacy of propranolol vs placebo among patients with temporomandibular disorder–associated myalgia.
Superiority of Obinutuzumab over Rituximab in a New Molecular Follicular Lymphoma-like Subgroup of DLBCL: Results from an Exploratory Analysis of the Phase 3 GOYA Trial
Authors: Mikkel Z. Oestergaard, Christopher Bolen, Federico Mattiello, Maurizio Martelli, Laurie H. Sehn, Marek Trněný, Alexandar Tzankov, Umberto Vitolo, Tina Nielsen, Rodica Morariu-Zamfir, Günter Fingerle-Rowson, Georg Lenz
Journal: Blood (2017)
Readiness of primary health-care facilities for the management of non-communicable diseases in rural Bangladesh: a mixed methods study
Authors: Wafa Alam, Sanjana Nujhat, Ayuska Parajuli, Laurent Banyira, Wagdi Ali Mohammed Mohsen, Ipsita Sutradhar, Rajat Das Gupta, Mehedi Hasan, Malay Kanti Mridha
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2020)

BackgroundNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for 67% of all deaths in Bangladesh. Several programmes are being implemented at the primary health-care level for NCD control in rural Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess the readiness for NCD health services provision in primary health-care facilities in rural Bangladesh, and explore health-care providers' perceptions about NCD care provision at the facilities.MethodsThis study was conducted in the Parbatipur sub-district of Bangladesh using an embedded mixed method design. We used the modified WHO Service Availability and Readiness Assessment tool to assess primary health-care facilities and completed in-depth interviews with health-care providers (community health workers, nurses, and doctors with experience in management of NCDs). We used descriptive statistics to analyse quantitative data and mean domain score was based on the availability of the items as a percentage for each facility type. Service readiness score for each NCD was calculated across facility types as the mean score of all domains of service readiness (management guideline, trained staff, equipment, medicine). Higher scores indicated better service readiness. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data.FindingsBetween Nov 18 and Dec 3, 2018, we assessed 24 primary health-care facilities and completed 15 in-depth interviews. Of the 24 facilities surveyed, 23 were government-owned and one was a non-governmental organisation facility. Overall readiness score was highest for cardiovascular disease (22·6% [SD 28·8]) followed by diabetes (17·2% [25·0]) and asthma (13·2% [12·2]). Health-care providers mentioned lack of training, unavailability of medicine, and inadequate supervision as barriers to achieving readiness for NCD services.InterpretationThat functions and resources required for NCD care such as management guidelines, medicine, equipment, and trained staff were unavailable in the primary health-care facilities suggests a need to integrate NCD services into the Essential Services Package in government facilities. A limitation of the study is that the small sample size did not allow analysis to assess differences in service readiness between facility types.FundingMasters dissertation funded by BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University.
AP-1 Contributes to Chromatin Accessibility to Promote Sarcomere Disassembly and Cardiomyocyte Protrusion During Zebrafish Heart Regeneration
Authors: Arica Beisaw, Carsten Kuenne, Stefan Guenther, Julia Dallmann, Chi-Chung Wu, Mette Bentsen, Mario Looso, Didier Y.R. Stainier
Journal: Circulation Research (2020)

The adult human heart is an organ with low regenerative potential. Heart failure following acute myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death due to the inability of cardiomyocytes to proliferate and replenish lost cardiac muscle. While the zebrafish has emerged as a powerful model to study endogenous cardiac regeneration, the molecular mechanisms by which cardiomyocytes respond to damage by disassembling sarcomeres, proliferating, and repopulating the injured area remain unclear. Furthermore, we are far from understanding the regulation of the chromatin landscape and epigenetic barriers that must be overcome for cardiac regeneration to occur.To identify transcription factor regulators of the chromatin landscape, which promote cardiomyocyte regeneration in zebrafish, and investigate their function.Using the Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin coupled to high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-Seq), we first find that the regenerating cardiomyocyte chromatin accessibility landscape undergoes extensive changes following cryoinjury, and that activator protein-1 (AP-1) binding sites are the most highly enriched motifs in regions that gain accessibility during cardiac regeneration. Furthermore, using bioinformatic and gene expression analyses, we find that the AP-1 response in regenerating adult zebrafish cardiomyocytes is largely different from the response in adult mammalian cardiomyocytes. Using a cardiomyocyte-specific dominant negative approach, we show that blocking AP-1 function leads to defects in cardiomyocyte proliferation as well as decreased chromatin accessibility at the fbxl22 and ilk loci, which regulate sarcomere disassembly and cardiomyocyte protrusion into the injured area, respectively. We further show that overexpression of the AP-1 family members Junb and Fosl1 can promote changes in mammalian cardiomyocyte behavior in vitro.AP-1 transcription factors play an essential role in the cardiomyocyte response to injury by regulating chromatin accessibility changes, thereby allowing the activation of gene expression programs that promote cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation, proliferation, and protrusion into the injured area.
Harnessing genomics to fast-track genetic improvement in aquaculture
Authors: Ross D. Houston, Tim P. Bean, Daniel J. Macqueen, Manu Kumar Gundappa, Ye Hwa Jin, Tom L. Jenkins, Sarah Louise C. Selly, Samuel A. M. Martin, Jamie R. Stevens, Eduarda M. Santos, Andrew Davie, Diego Robledo
Journal: Nature Reviews Genetics (2020)
The Study of Effect and Mechanism by Vitamin K2 on Human MDS Cell Line MUTZ-1.
Authors: Bao-An Chen, Xin Xu, Ze-Ye Shao, Jia-Hua Ding, Guo-Hua Xia, Chong Gao, Yun-Yu Sun, Ning-Na Chen, Fei Fei
Journal: Blood (2006)
An innovation bootcamp model to develop HIV self-testing social enterprise among young people in Nigeria: a youth participatory design approach
Authors: Ucheoma Nwaozuru, Titilola Gbajabiamila, Chisom Obiezu-Umeh, Florida Uzoaru, Stacey Mason, Kadija Tahlil, David Oladele, Adesola Musa, Ifeoma Idigbe, Collins Airhihenbuwa, Oliver Ezechi, Joseph Tucker, Juliet Iwelunmor
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2020)

BackgroundThere is a critical gap in the uptake of HIV testing among young people in sub-Saharan Africa. In Nigeria, only a quarter of young people aged 14–24 years have ever tested for HIV. Recent evidence suggests that HIV self-testing (HIVST) may play a role in addressing gaps in HIV testing coverage and serve as an entry point for HIV prevention services. However, there is limited information on strategies that may increase the uptake of HIV testing among young people. Current strategies rarely include young people in the design stages, which often results to poor adoption of HIV interventions. We aimed to address this gap with the development of an innovation bootcamp for participants aged 14–24 years to generate interventions to promote HIVST among young people in Nigeria.MethodsThe innovation bootcamp was a 4-week accelerated training programme to build entrepreneurial and research capacities among young people to develop HIV self-testing social enterprise. The training programme consisted of social enterprise and research development modules. At the completion of the bootcamp, we also examined participants' perspectives of the programme using surveys.FindingsBetween May 6 and May 30, 2019, 20 people participated in the innovation bootcamp in Lagos State, Nigeria; 13 (65%) were male and age range was 22–24 years. The innovation bootcamp generated five youth-participatory HIVST social enterprises. Two of the social enterprise focused on repacking HIVST kits to increase their appeal among young people, one idea focused on leveraging community engagement platforms (vocational skills training and youth community events) to promote HIVST, and another social enterprise seeks to use a reward-referral system to promote HIVST in young people. Participants' survey responses suggest that the innovation bootcamp fostered an environment for young people to connect with their peers to generate ideas and solutions. The bootcamp also provided opportunities for skills development such as logistics management and research (protocol writing, data collection, and needs assessment) skills.InterpretationThe innovation bootcamp model can leverage the resourcefulness, capabilities, and resilience of youth to generate youth-centred and youth-sensitive interventions to promote HIV testing. The innovation bootcamp led to the development of five youth-centred and participatory interventions to promote uptake of HIV self-testing among young people in Nigeria.FundingEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Grant number: 1UG3HD096929 and NIAID K24AI143471
Keratin - Based materials for biomedical applications
Authors: Sandleen Feroz, Nawshad Muhammad, Jithendra Ratnayake, George Dias
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

Keratin constitutes the major component of the feather, hair, hooves, horns, and wool represents a group of biological material having high cysteine content (7–13%) as compared to other structural proteins. Keratin -based biomaterials have been investigated extensively over the past few decades due to their intrinsic biological properties and excellent biocompatibility. Unlike other natural polymers such as starch, collagen, chitosan, the complex three-dimensional structure of keratin requires the use of harsh chemical conditions for their dissolution and extraction. The most commonly used methods for keratin extraction are oxidation, reduction, steam explosion, microbial method, microwave irradiation and use of ionic liquids. Keratin -based materials have been used extensively for various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, wound healing, tissue engineering. This review covers the structure, properties, history of keratin research, methods of extraction and some recent advancements related to the use of keratin derived biomaterials in the form of a 3-D scaffold, films, fibers, and hydrogels.
Region-Specific Transcriptional Control of Astrocyte Function Oversees Local Circuit Activities
Authors: Anna Yu-Szu Huang, Junsung Woo, Debosmita Sardar, Brittney Lozzi, Navish A. Bosquez Huerta, Chia-Ching John Lin, Daniela Felice, Antrix Jain, Adriana Paulucci-Holthauzen, Benjamin Deneen
Journal: Neuron (2020)
Sarah Gilbert: carving a path towards a COVID-19 vaccine
Authors: Richard Lane
Journal: The Lancet (2020)

It was the news from Wuhan, China, in the first days of 2020 that made Sarah Gilbert sit up and think. As Professor of Vaccinology at the University of Oxford in the UK, and a leading scientist at the university's Jenner Institute, her research team wasted no time in getting involved. "We had recently started thinking about an appropriate response to Disease X; how could we mobilise and focus our resources to go more quickly than we had ever gone before. And then Disease X arrived", she says. Once the genome sequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) became available in mid-January, Gilbert's team set to work to design a vaccine, using recombinant DNA techniques to create a SARS-CoV-2 antigen and embedding it within a primate adenovirus vector.
IFN-III is selectively produced by cDC1 and predicts good clinical outcome in breast cancer
Authors: Margaux Hubert, Elisa Gobbini, Coline Couillault, Thien-Phong Vu Manh, Anne-Claire Doffin, Justine Berthet, Céline Rodriguez, Vincent Ollion, Janice Kielbassa, Christophe Sajous, Isabelle Treilleux, Olivier Tredan, Bertrand Dubois, Marc Dalod, Nathalie Bendriss-Vermare, Christophe Caux, Jenny Valladeau-Guilemond
Journal: Science Immunology (2020)

Dendritic cells play a key role in the orchestration of antitumor immune responses. The cDC1 (conventional dendritic cell 1) subset has been shown to be essential for antitumor responses and response to immunotherapy, but its precise role in humans is largely unexplored. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we demonstrate that human cDC1 play an important role in the antitumor immune response through their capacity to produce type III interferon (IFN-λ). By analyzing a large cohort of breast primary tumors and public transcriptomic datasets, we observed specific production of IFN-λ1 by cDC1. In addition, both IFN-λ1 and its receptor were associated with favorable patient outcomes. We show that IFN-III promotes a TH1 microenvironment through increased production of IL-12p70, IFN-γ, and cytotoxic lymphocyte-recruiting chemokines. Last, we showed that engagement of TLR3 is a therapeutic strategy to induce IFN-III production by tumor-associated cDC1. These data provide insight into potential IFN- or cDC1-targeting antitumor therapies.