tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PS1281 EFFICACY OF ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE IN REDUCING MORTALITY DUE TO MULTIDRUG RESISTANT BACTERIA IN ACUTE LEUKEMIA
Authors: C. Castañón, A. Fernández Moreno, L. Morais, J. Zanabilli, L. Escalada, P.C. Tamayo, W.J. Zambrano, T. Bernal
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Background: Posaconazole prophylaxis in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) changed the paradigm of fungal infections (FI). Aims: Description of FI and analysis of factors that might predispose to this type of infection in non-allotransplant AML patients in the posaconazole era. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 144 consecutive non-M3 AML patients diagnosed between January 2012 and June 2018 in a tertiary center and treated with intensive chemotherapy regimens with posaconazole prophylaxis, including autologous transplantation when performed in these patients. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify characteristics related to FI. Results: Median age at diagnosis was 52 years [19;71], 52% were females and 90% had an age-adjusted Charlson score ≤3. Genetic risk group according to the European Leukemia Net 2017 classification was favourable in 28%, intermediate in 41% and adverse in 22%. Fourteen percent of patients (n = 20) had secondary AML. Patients were included since diagnosis and if completed remission-induction intensive therapy up to transplant referral, the latter which occurred in 52% of patients (n = 75), with a median follow-up of 7 months [1;81]. Only 7 patients had 1 episode of prophylaxis interruption, 3 due to mucositis and 4 out of our protocol. Median time of neutropenia per cycle was 26 days [5;180] and 10% of patients had >2 episodes of prolonged neutropenia (defined as ≥28 consecutive days of <500 neutrophils/microliter). Fungal infections were identified in 25 patients (17.4%) and classified according to EORTC criteria, with 5 proven, 13 probable and 7 possible infections. In 32% of patients FI occurred during remission-induction (n = 8) of which 3 were diagnosed in the first week of neutropenia, 20% during consolidation treatment in first remission and 48% during relapse treatment. Of the confirmed infections, 3 were aspergillosis and 2 candidemia. Probable infections had pulmonary origin with no microbiology isolate or serologic positivity but identified by typical radiologic evidence; of these, broncho-alveolar lavage and/or pulmonary biopsy was performed in 4 patients (31%) with negative results. For possible infections, antifungal therapy was initiated in a pre-emptive manner for high risk patients with persistent fever despite large spectrum antibiotics. In a multivariate analysis, patients with FI had a higher odds of having relapsed AML and >2 episodes of prolonged neutropenia during treatment (p = 0.049 and p = 0.011, respectively). There was no mortality related to FI in this cohort of patients. Summary/Conclusion: Despite posaconazole prophylaxis, FI is still prevalent in AML patients. Infection during salvage treatment for relapsed disease and >2 previous periods of neutropenia exceeding 4 weeks should raise awareness for an increased risk of FI.
PARE0007 RHEUMATISM CHALLENGE 2018 – “RHEUMATISM IN MOTION” WE ARE GOING IN THAT TOGETHER!
Authors: Hana Smucrova, Edita Mullerova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Background</h3> Czech League Against Rheumatism plays an important role in promoting rheumatic patients in the Czech Republic. Its activity is aimed at: raising awareness about RA for early diagnosis and RA treatment improve an attitude of the Czech patients to the modern treatment, including the biological treatment co–operate on the change together with the professional community, regulatory authorities and Health Insurance Companies. striving to qualify the people with so called "moderate activity" of the disease for the biological treatment the struggle for full and equal life for people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases the establishment of regional clubs and specific patient groups of Czech League Against Rheumatism <h3>Objectives</h3> Creating a campaign Rheumatism Challenge 2018 <b>- "Rheumatism in motion" We are going in that together!</b> The aim of this campaign is improving the health condition of people with RMDs. To motivate patients to move regularly and raising patient awareness about the importance of physical activity. <h3>Methods</h3> Walking as a means to reach a goal is the main content of this campaign. The aim of each participant in this campaign is to reach as much as possible steps and kilometers every months. Exiting challenges prompts patients to higher goals and giving them courage. Through walking Czech League Against Rheumatism wants to improve physical and mental health of people with RMDs. Wants to maintain a joint mobility and reduce a pain. Know and find the right kind of movement for each patient. Information about this campaign is published on the webpage, Facebook and Instagram of Czech League Against Rheumatism. <h3>Results</h3> This campaign managed to raise awareness about the importance of physical activity in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases among the general public. Information about the campaign was in press and television. The campaign continues in 2019. In response to the campaign has increased the number of members in Czech League Against Rheumatism, an increased number of visitors and fans of the Facebook page Czech League Against Rheumatism. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This campaign seems to be very useful in promoting how important physical activity is for patients with RMDs. This campaign can support patients be more healthy and physically active. Active approach to one another life can inspire other patients and their families and friends. Very important is also the support of this campaign from the professional community, medical doctors and health professionals. <h3>Disclosure of Interests</h3> None declared
Alcohol is not the missing link between Porphyromonas gingivalis-related periodontitis and radiological progression in early rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Julien Hillion, Alexandre Bellier, Xavier Romand, Bruno Fautrel, Xavier Mariette, Franck Sagéloli, Athan Baillet, Philippe Gaudin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

We have read with great interest the paper from Courbon et al providing the first in vivo demonstration of arthritis induced by oral priming with Porphyromonas gingivalis in rats, though an increased prevalence of periodontal diseases has been observed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for a century.1 This major agent of periodontal disease is one of the only bacterium known to express a peptidylarginine deiminase. Citrullinated epitopes, generated by its enzymatic activity, bind to HLA-DRB1*04:01/04 with higher affinity than uncitrullinated epitopes, leading to an enhanced T-cell response 2 and trigger the production of anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA).

Alcohol consumptio is a major risk factor for chronic periodontitis. Interestingly, two articles suggested an association between long-term moderate alcohol drinking and reduced risk of RA onset.3 Moreover, an inverse relationship between moderate alcohol consumption and radiological progression was suggested in men with early RA but not in women in two independent RA patient cohorts.4 

Therefore, we investigated relationship between P. gingivalis infection, alcohol consumption, gender and radiological progression in American College of Radiology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) 2010 early RA patients of the ESPOIR cohort (ethic no 020307).

Patients presented with inflammatory arthritis of …
Risk of Development of More-advanced Lesions in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Dysplasia
Authors: Anneline Cremer, Pieter Demetter, Martine De Vos, Jean-François Rahier, Filip Baert, Tom Moreels, Elisabeth Macken, Edouard Louis, Liesbeth Ferdinande, Caroline Fervaille, Franceska Dedeurwaerdere, Noela Bletard, Ann Driessen, Gert De Hertogh, Séverine Vermeire, Denis Franchimont
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2019)
Long-term safety and survival outcomes after TK-expressing donor lymphocyte infusion (TK-DLI) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
Authors: Fabio Ciceri, Maria Teresa Lupo-Stanghellini, Giacomo Oliveira, Raffaella Greco, Luca Vago, Attilio Bondanza, Antonio Lambiase, Claudio Bordignon, Chiara Bonini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

7007 Background: Suicide gene therapy (SGT) was firstly applied to allogeneic HSCT, addressing the need for modulation of graft vs host disease (GvHD) reactions while preserving graft vs leukemia (GvL) effect of alloreactive T cells. HSV-TK gene insertion in donor T-cells modulates alloreactivity by selectively destroying dividing alloreactive cells involved in GvHD. Methods: Long-term safety and survival was assessed in 128 pts entering worldwide 10 phase I-II trials that used TK-DLI to improve GvL, immune reconstitution (IR) and GvHD control. In all, 57 pts received TK DLI at our Institution: 23 to treat relapse after HLA-identical HSCT (Ciceri, 2007) and 34 to improve IR after haploidentical HSCT (Ciceri, Bonini, 2009). Results: SGT was feasible, safe and effective in promoting a dynamic and specific modulation of alloreactivity. TK-DLI clinical benefit, defined by chimerism, tumor response and/or IR, was achieved by 65 pts (51%). Grade 2 to 4 GvHD (n=28, 22%) was fully controlled by SGT. TK-DLI engrafted in 51 pts (90%) and, being detectable at low frequency up to 14 yrs, no SGT-related adverse events occurred. In HLA-identical setting (n=23; median follow-up, 15 yrs), 11 pts (48%) had disease response and 2 pts (9%) were alive in complete response (CR). In haploidentical setting (n=34; median follow-up, 7 yrs), 25 pts (73%) had IR and 9 pts (26%) were alive in CR. All pts were monitored according to guidelines on long-term survivors (Majhail, 2012). There were no major infections, while 3 pts had a second tumor. Immunity against TK-DLI was reported exclusively after HLA-identical allo-HSCT indicating that TK-DLI is not limited by SGT-specific immunity after haploidentical HSCT. Conclusions: Long-term follow-up confirms the high benefit to risk ratio of TK-DLI. A phase III trial is ongoing in haploidentical HSCT (NCT00914628). Clinical trial information: NCT00423124.
Sixty seconds on . . . agonal breathing
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2019)

It’s the gasping sound often made when someone is struggling to breathe, and it’s been harnessed by researchers at the University of Washington. They’ve developed a new tool that listens to people’s breathing while they sleep and picks up these breaths—which are present in about half of people who experience cardiac arrests according to 911 data. The tool will then call for help.1

That’s the idea. The researchers designed …
Роль адипоцитокінів у ремоделюванні підшлункової залози при хронічному панкреатиті
Authors: L.V. Zhuravliova, Yu.O. Shekhovtsova
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2020)

У статті проаналізовані дані щодо ролі адипоцитокінів у ремоделюванні підшлункової залози при хронічному панкреатиті. Отримані в результаті узагальнення сучасної літератури дані дозволяють виявити роль деяких адипоцитокінів (апеліну, фактора некрозу пухлин α) у розвитку та прогресуванні патофізіологічних процесів у підшлунковій залозі, особливо щодо механізму розвитку хронічного панкреатиту. Адипоцитокіни, що вивчаються, відіграють роль у порушеннях вуглеводного та ліпідного обмінів, сприяють індукції запальних процесів, дезадаптивній тканинній гіпертрофії, запуску стеатозу, фіброзу підшлункової залози та чинять вплив на різних етапах патогенезу хронічного панкреатиту. Слід звернути пильну увагу на діагностичну роль цитокінів, що може допомогти розробити нові алгоритми неінвазивної діагностики хронічного панкреатиту.
Prolonged Response to Anti–PD-1 Antibody Therapy in Chemotherapy-Refractory Cholangiocarcinoma With High Tumor Mutational Burden
Authors: Olumide Gbolahan, Neda Hashemi-Sadraei, Bert O’Neil
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

Management of advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is challenging and overall survival is poor. Progress in the development of new therapeutic options for metastatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has been slow; hence, to date, there are no approved second-line agents in this setting. Although the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors has significantly improved overall survival in a variety of malignancies, there has not been a clinically important impact in CCA. This report presents a 66-year-old patient with chemotherapy-refractory iCCA who experienced a prolonged response to immunotherapy. Tumor genome profiling revealed a high tumor mutation burden of 17 mutations per megabase in the absence of microsatellite instability. He was started on immunotherapy with nivolumab and has experienced an ongoing response for 16 months without clinical symptoms and only minimal radiologic disease.
PS1590 CENTRAL VEIN CATHETERIZATION IN ONCOHEMATOLOGICAL PRACTICE: RISK OF COMPLICATIONS
Authors: N. Romanenko, A. Schmidt, T. Glazanova, E. Shilova, V. Chebotkevich, S. Voloshin
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Background: The insertion of the central venous catheter (CVC) is a vascular access method used in resuscitation and oncohematology and it is required during intensive infusion and chemotherapy. However, due to the invasiveness of the procedure, complications are possible due to the procedure and course of the underlying disease. Aims: Assess the frequency of complications related to central vein catheterization in patients with hematology malignancies (HM). Methods: We have analyzed 2506 cases of CVC performed to patients with HM for the period from 2003 to 2018. All patients underwent catheterization of the right (82%), left (17.6%) subclavian vein or v. Jugularis externa (0.4%). Bacteriology tests were performed if a catheter‐related infection was suspected (n = 353). Results: Out of 2506 catheterizations bloodstream infections in the form of sepsis or bacteremia were documented in 2.5% of patients (n = 63), phlebitis, thrombophlebitis and infiltrate at CVC area were revealed in 2.6% (n = 66), lymphorrhea – in 1.3% (n = 33), catheter bleeding – in 3.9% (n = 73), haematoma – in 4.3% (n = 109), artery puncture (a. Subclavia dextra or sinistra) – in 3.0% (n = 76), pain, numbness, paresthesia of the upper limb – in 1.6% (n = 41), weakness, collapse – in 1.1% (n = 27), pneumothorax – in 0.2% of patients(n = 4). Positive bacterial cultures from venous blood were detected in 63 patients, with mixed infection in 8 cases (2 or 3 microorganisms). Detailed analysis of the infectious pathogens have demonstrated the prevalence of coagulase‐negative staphylococcus (Staph. epidermidis) – 56.3% (n = 40), At the same time, a relatively large percentage was represented by Staphylococcus aureus – 5.7% (n = 4), Micrococcus spp. – 1.4% (n = 1), Enterococcus spp. – 1.4% (n = 1). Gram‐negative microorganisms were detected in 26.7% (n = 19) of cases: Escherichia coli – 14.1% (n = 10) patients, Enterobacter spp. – 5.6% (n = 4), Enterobacter aerogenes – 1.4% (n = 1), Acinetobacter spp. – 1.4% (n = 1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa – 1.4% (n = 1), Neisseria spp. – 2.8% (n = 2). Causative agents of fungal infections were found for 8.5% of patients (n = 6), including fungi of the genus Candida – 7.1% (C. albicans (n = 4), C. crusei (n = 1), Rhodotorula spp. – 1.4% (n = 1). Summary/Conclusion: In patients with HM among catheter‐associated infections, coagulase‐negative staphylococcal infection (Staph. epidermidis) is most prevalent, which is most likely due to contact route of infection.
SAT0440 DOES MONOSODIUM URATE DEPOSITION IN GOUT PATIENTS ALTER THE BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MENISCAL FIBROCARTILAGE AND HYALINE CARTILAGE? A DUAL-ENERGY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY STUDY
Authors: Tristan Pascart, Claire Marzin, Laurène Norberciak, Julie Legrand, Fabio Becce, Jean-François Budzik
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Background:</h3> Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is increasingly used in gout to assess monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition in soft tissues. In contrast to ultrasound (US) with its typical double-contour (DC) sign, DECT seems unable to identify MSU deposition deep within joints, where flares occur. DECT has recently shown its potential for discriminating between the various crystal types owing to their biochemical signature. <h3>Objectives:</h3> We aimed to assess whether DECT attenuation properties differed between knees of gout patients with and without deep articular MSU deposition characterized by the DC sign on US; more specifically if MSU deposition altered the electron density (ρe) of various knee structures. <h3>Methods:</h3> Consecutive patients with gout were included in this cross-sectional study and their knee MSU burden was assessed using combined DECT and US. Knees were assigned to either DC+ or DC- groups depending on the presence/absence of the DC sign on US. Regions of interest (ROI) were drawn in the following knee zones on a specific coronal DECT image: hyaline cartilage of the patellofemoral and medial and lateral tibiofemoral joint spaces, as well as medial and lateral menisci. Regions of interest that exhibited chondrocalcinosis were excluded. Five DECT parameters were obtained: CT numbers (HU) at 80 and 140 kV, dual-energy index (DEI), electron density (ρe), and effective atomic number (Zeff). Knee zones were compared between groups using mixed linear models. <h3>Results:</h3> A total of 115 patients were included. Gout duration was 9.8±9.0 years, mean serum urate was 7.3±2.3 mg/dL and 48 (41.7%) patients were under urate lowering therapy. Out of a total 230 knees, 46 (20%) were assigned to the DC+ group. Menisci from DC+ and DC- patients had a mean (± standard deviation) Zeff of 7.5±0.2 and 7.6±0.2 (p=0.49), mean ρe of 77±14 and 73±13 (p=0.15) and mean DEI of -0.0003±0.0036 and 0.0001±0.0042 (p=1), respectively. Hyaline cartilage from DC+ and DC- patients had a mean Zeff of 7.6±0.2 and 7.7±0.2 (p=0.49), mean ρe of 65±21 and 60±18 (p=0.17) and mean DEI of 0.0020±0.0049 and 0.0025±0.0043 (p=1), respectively. No differences were noted between groups in the patellofemoral joint space. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> There is an expected increased electron density (ρe) in meniscal fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage of gout patients with MSU deposition, even though DECT measures do not reach statistical significance. Particular attention will be given to patients with high MSU burden (large DC signs on US). <h3>Disclosure of Interests:</h3> None declared
Improved Prognosis and Increased Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Patients Who Have SCLC With Neurologic Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Authors: Wade T. Iams, Eileen Shiuan, Catherine B. Meador, Marc Roth, Jennifer Bordeaux, Christine Vaupel, Kelli L. Boyd, IlaSri B. Summitt, Lucy L. Wang, Joseph T. Schneider, Jeremy L. Warner, Zhiguo Zhao, Christine M. Lovly
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2019)

BackgroundApproximately 10% of patients with SCLC develop a paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS). Neurologic PNS are thought to improve prognosis, which we hypothesized is related to increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and immune recognition.MethodsWe queried 2,512,042 medical records from a single institution to identify patients who have SCLC with and without PNS and performed manual, retrospective chart review. We then performed multiplexed fluorescence immunohistochemistry and automated quantitative analysis (AQUA Technology) on tumors to assess CD3, CD4, and CD8 T cell infiltrates and programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) interactions. T cell infiltrates and PD-1/PD-L1 interaction scores were compared among patients with neurologic PNS, endocrinologic PNS, and a control group without PNS. Clinical outcomes were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsWe evaluated 145 SCLC patients: 55 with PNS (25 neurologic and 30 endocrinologic) and 90 controls. Patients with neurologic PNS experienced improved overall survival compared to patients with endocrinologic PNS and controls (median overall survival of 24 months versus 12 months versus 13 months, respectively). Of the 145 patients, we identified tumor tissue from 34 patients that was adequate for AQUA analysis. Among 37 specimens from these 34 patients, patients with neurologic PNS had increased T cell infiltrates (p = 0.033) and PD-1/PD-L1 interaction (p = 0.014) compared to tumors from patients with endocrinologic PNS or controls.ConclusionsTumor tissue from patients with SCLC with neurologic PNS showed increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and PD-1/PD-L1 interaction consistent with an inflamed tumor microenvironment.
Searching for new genes responsible for unexplained hereditary breast and ovarian cancer patients.
Authors: Alex Teule, Francisco Quiles, Rafael Valdes-Mas, Miguel Angel Pujana, Monica Salinas, Lidia Feliubadalo, Gabriel Capella, Joan Brunet, Ignacio Blanco, Xose S Puente, Conxi Lazaro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e12516 Background: About 10-20% of breast and ovarian cancer patients show family history of the disease. Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are usually found in 20-25% of these cases, while the remaining ones are commonly known as BRCAX. Next generation sequencing (NGS) studies have the promise to expedite the identification of the genetic basis underlying BRCAX cases. Aim: To identify gene mutations associated with BRCAX cases by means of whole exome sequencing. Methods: Five selected BRCAX families with more than three affected individuals across at least three generations, and with an apparent dominant pattern of inheritance of the disease were selected in this study. All type of potential alterations of BRCA1/2and linkage to the corresponding loci were excluded in these families. For sequencing, libraries representing the whole exome of multiple affected individuals were obtained using the SureSelect Human All Exon 50 Mb Kit (Agilent) together with the Paired-End Sample Preparation Kit (Illumina) following manufacturers' protocols. Bioinformatics analysis to identify candidate variants present in each family was performed as previously described (PubMed ID: 21549337). Selected rare variants have been analyzed in a set of 288 controls and are currently being evaluated in 500 additional BRCAX cases. Results: By using the described workflow we have identified 16 candidate genes. They were selected based on the presence of rare missense variants that were not found in our control group, predicted as pathogenic using several algorithms (SIFT, PoplyPhen2, Condel and Mutation Taster). Currently, we are re-sequencing these genes in a set of BRCAX samples and complementarily performing loss-of-heterozigosity studies in tumor samples. Conclusions: Exome sequencing of 20 patients from 5 independent Spanish BRCAX families identified a list of putative new BRCAX genes that are currently in the process of validation. Identification of the genetic causes underlying breast and ovarian cancer in BRCAX families is paramount to perform genetic counseling and individual risk assessment in these patients.