tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Novel lncRNA-IUR suppresses Bcr-Abl-induced tumorigenesis through regulation of STAT5-CD71 pathway
Authors: Xuefei Wang, Jianling Yang, Guijie Guo, Riyue Feng, Ke Chen, Yuan Liao, Lianfeng Zhang, Liping Sun, Shile Huang, Ji-Long Chen
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2019)

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), defined as the transcripts longer than 200 nt without protein-coding capacity, have been found to be aberrantly expressed in diverse human diseases including cancer. A reciprocal translocation between chromosome 9 and 22 generates the chimeric Bcr-Abl oncogene, which is associated with several hematological malignancies. However, the functional relevance between aberrantly expressed lncRNAs and Bcr-Abl-mediated leukemia remains obscure. LncRNA cDNA microarray was used to identify novel lncRNAs involved in Bcr-Abl-mediated cellular transformation. To study the functional relevance of novel imatinib-upregulated lncRNA (IUR) family in Abl-induced tumorigenesis, Abl-transformed cell survival and xenografted tumor growth in mice was evaluated. Primary bone marrow transformation and in vivo leukemia transplant using lncRNA-IUR knockdown (KD) transgenic mice were further conducted to corroborate the role of lncRNA-IUR in Abl-induced tumorigenesis. Transcriptome RNA-seq, Western blot, RNA pull down and RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) were employed to determine the mechanisms by which lncRNA-IUR-5 regulates Bcr-Abl-mediated tumorigenesis. We identified a conserved lncRNA-IUR family as a key negative regulator of Bcr-Abl-induced tumorigenesis. Increased expression of lncRNA-IUR was detected in both human and mouse Abl-transformed cells upon imatinib treatment. In contrast, reduced expression of lncRNA-IUR was observed in the peripheral blood lymphocytes derived from Bcr-Abl-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients compared to normal subjects. Knockdown of lncRNA-IUR remarkably promoted Abl-transformed leukemic cell survival and xenografted tumor growth in mice, whereas overexpression of lncRNA-IUR had opposite effects. Also, silencing murine lncRNA-IUR promoted Bcr-Abl-mediated primary bone marrow transformation and Abl-transformed leukemia cell survival in vivo. Besides, knockdown of murine lncRNA-IUR in transgenic mice provided a favorable microenvironment for development of Abl-mediated leukemia. Finally, we demonstrated that lncRNA-IUR-5 suppressed Bcr-Abl-mediated tumorigenesis by negatively regulating STAT5-mediated expression of CD71. The results suggest that lncRNA-IUR may act as a critical tumor suppressor in Bcr-Abl-mediated tumorigenesis by suppressing the STAT5-CD71 pathway. This study provides new insights into functional involvement of lncRNAs in leukemogenesis.
A guide to medical etiquette: the old guard
Authors: David McAllister
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The old practice of ritual humiliation endures even today, in a medical world of ethics committees, higher education funding councils and clinical audit.

Some of the old guard still parade the wards, looking for new recruits to badger, so here is some advice about how to conduct yourself when one such as this comes your way.

You must know your anatomy. However, I don't mean the the relevant sort of …
Doctor-patient relationship second only to family
Authors: Andrew Iles
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Patients believe only family relationships are more important than the doctor-patient relationship, says new international research.

The study, which was presented at the World Medical Association (WMA) conference, was based on 3707 interviews with general practitioners and patients in six countries--United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, South Africa, and Japan--and also found that patients trust doctors …
Limits on Opioid Prescribing Leave Patients With Chronic Pain Vulnerable
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Contact lenses increase pulling power
Authors: Samena Chaudhry
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Swapping glasses for contact lenses can dramatically increase success with the opposite sex, research on students who are short sighted in a nightclub has found ( New Scientist, 1 Oct 2002).

The team, led by June McNicholas at the University of Warwick, took 38 male and female students aged between 18 and 25 to a nightclub in London and told them to “go and pull.” The students were split …
A grandson's perspective
Authors: David S Y Chan
Journal: BMJ (2006)

I warmly hugged and kissed her before she was taken into the anaesthetic room. Feeling a bit drowsy from the premedication, she flashed a smile, a reassuring one that comforted me. She waved goodbye to about 10 relatives who had come to wish her well. They knew she was in good hands—those of a renowned gynaeco-oncologist, who happened to be my dad's best friend from medical school. How strange it must have felt to be operating on his best friend's mum whom he has known for more than 20 years. The …
Drug-eluting or bare-metal stents for percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials
Authors: Raffaele Piccolo, Kaare H Bonaa, Orestis Efthimiou, Olivier Varenne, Andrea Baldo, Philip Urban, Christoph Kaiser, Wouter Remkes, Lorenz Räber, Adam de Belder, Arnoud W J van 't Hof, Goran Stankovic, Pedro A Lemos, Tom Wilsgaard, Jörg Reifart, Alfredo E Rodriguez, Expedito E Ribeiro, Patrick W J C Serruys, Alex Abizaid, Manel Sabaté, Robert A Byrne, Jose M de la Torre Hernandez, William Wijns, Peter Jüni, Stephan Windecker, Marco Valgimigli, Raffaele Piccolo, Kaare H. Bonaa, Orestis Efthimiou, Olivier Varenne, Andrea Baldo, Philip Urban, Christoph Kaiser, Wouter Remkes, Lorenz Räber, Adam de Belder, Arnoud W.J. van't Hof, Goran Stankovic, Pedro A. Lemos, Tom Wilsgaard, Jörg Reifart, Alfredo E. Rodriguez, Expedito E. Ribeiro, Patrick W.J.C. Serruys, Alex Abizaid, Manel Sabaté, Robert A. Byrne, Jose M. de la Torre Hernandez, William Wijns, Peter Jüni, Stephan Windecker, Marco Valgimigli
Journal: The Lancet (2019)
Effect of Flash Glucose Monitoring Technology on Glycemic Control and Treatment Satisfaction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Marianna Yaron, Eytan Roitman, Genya Aharon-Hananel, Zohar Landau, Tali Ganz, Ilan Yanuv, Aliza Rozenberg, Moshe Karp, Maya Ish-Shalom, Joelle Singer, Julio Wainstein, Itamar Raz
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

OBJECTIVE To assess treatment satisfaction and the effectiveness of a flash glucose monitoring (FGM) system in patients with type 2 diabetes using insulin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 101 patients with type 2 diabetes on multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) for at least 1 year were assigned randomly to the FGM intervention (n = 53) or the standard care (control) group (n = 48) and followed for 10 weeks. Both groups were instructed to adjust their insulin doses in face-to-face and telephone visits. Satisfaction with treatment, quality of life, comfort using FGM, HbA1c, and frequency of hypoglycemic events were evaluated. RESULTS The intervention group found treatment significantly more flexible (P = 0.019) and would recommend it to their counterparts (P = 0.023). Satisfaction using the FGM system was high. The changes in HbA1c were –0.82% (9 mmol/mol) vs. –0.33% (3.6 mmol/mol) in the intervention and control group, respectively (P = 0.005); in nonprespecified post hoc analysis, 68.6% of the patients in the intervention group had their HbA1c reduced by ≥0.5% (5.5 mmol/mol) compared with 30.2% in the control group (P &amp;lt; 0.001), and 39.2% had their HbA1c reduced by ≥1.0% (10.9 mmol/mol) vs. 18.6% in the control group (P = 0.0023) without an increased frequency of hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS FGM tends to improve treatment satisfaction and may lead to amelioration of glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes on MDI without increasing the frequency of hypoglycemia.
Controlling the dose-dependent, synergistic and temporal effects of NGF and GDNF by encapsulation in PLGA microparticles for use in nerve guidance conduits for the repair of large peripheral nerve defects
Authors: William A. Lackington, Zuzana Kočí, Tijna Alekseeva, Alan J. Hibbitts, Simone L. Kneafsey, Gang Chen, Fergal J. O'Brien
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2019)
Stromal cells maintain immune cell homeostasis in adipose tissue via production of interleukin-33
Authors: T. Mahlakõiv, A.-L. Flamar, L. K. Johnston, S. Moriyama, G. G. Putzel, P. J. Bryce, D. Artis
Journal: Science Immunology (2019)

Obesity is driven by chronic low-grade inflammation resulting from dysregulated immune cell accumulation and function in white adipose tissue (WAT). Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a key cytokine that controls innate and adaptive immune cell activity and immune homeostasis in WAT, although the sources of IL-33 have remained controversial. Here, we show that WAT-resident mesenchyme-derived stromal cells are the dominant producers of IL-33. Adipose stem and progenitor cells (ASPCs) produced IL-33 in all WAT depots, whereas mesothelial cells served as an additional source of IL-33 in visceral WAT. ASPC-derived IL-33 promoted a regulatory circuit that maintained an immune tone in WAT via the induction of group 2 innate lymphoid cell-derived type 2 cytokines and maintenance of eosinophils, whereas mesothelial IL-33 also acted as an alarmin by inducing peritoneal immune response upon infection. Together, these data reveal a previously unrecognized regulatory network between tissue-resident progenitor cells and innate lymphoid cells that maintains immune homeostasis in adipose tissue.
Drinking: A Love Story
Authors: Zoe Apple
Journal: BMJ (2001)

When a friend lent me a stack of books a few months ago I skimmed through the titles and quickly relegated this one to the bottom of the pile, its title and subject matter conjuring up images of spiritually reborn Americans admitting they had a drinking problem and subsequently learning to love themselves and others in true Ricki Lake style.

When eventually I ran out of other reading matter and picked this up I did so with extremely low expectations and …
Lipoprotein(a) and Oxidized Phospholipids Promote Valve Calcification in Patients With Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Kang H. Zheng, Sotirios Tsimikas, Tania Pawade, Jeffrey Kroon, William S.A. Jenkins, Mhairi K. Doris, Audrey C. White, Nyanza K.L.M. Timmers, Jesper Hjortnaes, Maximillian A. Rogers, Elena Aikawa, Benoit J. Arsenault, Joseph L. Witztum, David E. Newby, Marlys L. Koschinsky, Zahi A. Fayad, Erik S.G. Stroes, S. Matthijs Boekholdt, Marc R. Dweck
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2019)

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], a major carrier of oxidized phospholipids (OxPL), is associated with an increased incidence of aortic stenosis (AS). However, it remains unclear whether elevated Lp(a) and OxPL drive disease progression and are therefore targets for therapeutic intervention.This study investigated whether Lp(a) and OxPL on apolipoprotein B-100 (OxPL-apoB) levels are associated with disease activity, disease progression, and clinical events in AS patients, along with the mechanisms underlying any associations.This study combined 2 prospective cohorts and measured Lp(a) and OxPL-apoB levels in patients with AS (Vmax >2.0 m/s), who underwent baseline 18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) positron emission tomography (PET), repeat computed tomography calcium scoring, and repeat echocardiography. In vitro studies investigated the effects of Lp(a) and OxPL on valvular interstitial cells.Overall, 145 patients were studied (68% men; age 70.3 ± 9.9 years). On baseline positron emission tomography, patients in the top Lp(a) tertile had increased valve calcification activity compared with those in lower tertiles (n = 79; 18F-NaF tissue-to-background ratio of the most diseased segment: 2.16 vs. 1.97; p = 0.043). During follow-up, patients in the top Lp(a) tertile had increased progression of valvular computed tomography calcium score (n = 51; 309 AU/year [interquartile range: 142 to 483 AU/year] vs. 93 AU/year [interquartile range: 56 to 296 AU/year; p = 0.015), faster hemodynamic progression on echocardiography (n = 129; 0.23 ± 0.20 m/s/year vs. 0.14 ± 0.20 m/s/year] p = 0.019), and increased risk for aortic valve replacement and death (n = 145; hazard ratio: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.13 to 3.08; p = 0.014), compared with lower tertiles. Similar results were noted with OxPL-apoB. In vitro, Lp(a) induced osteogenic differentiation of valvular interstitial cells, mediated by OxPL and inhibited with the E06 monoclonal antibody against OxPL.In patients with AS, Lp(a) and OxPL drive valve calcification and disease progression. These findings suggest lowering Lp(a) or inactivating OxPL may slow AS progression and provide a rationale for clinical trials to test this hypothesis.
Learning through podcasts
Authors: Umar Ahmad
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Medical teaching has begun to make use of the podcast, audio programmes distributed by use of the internet. Downloading podcasts is easy, and you have the choice of listening to them on your computer or putting them on your MP3 player and listening to them whenever you want—on the train, at the gym, or while sitting in the library.



You can download great podcasts at www.scrubbingup.com. These “scrubcasts” …
Medical student debt is increasing
Authors: Siân Knight
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The average debt incurred by UK medical students has increased by 22% over the past 12 months, says the 1999-2000 survey of medical students' finances published by the BMA's Medical Students Committee (MSC) last December. The increase represents an extra £1062 of debt per medical student.

The average amount of medical student debt was £5979, with the highest figure reaching £27 350. The total debt incurred by students was found to rise markedly as their studies progressed (graph). The average first year debt totals £3230, and increases to £9434 in the final …
Uniting the Student BMJ and the IFMSA
Authors: Anna Ellis, Kristina Oegaard
Journal: BMJ (2003)

After 18 months of discussion, the Student BMJ and the International Federation of Medical Students9 Associations (IFMSA) have united. <b>Anna Ellis</b>, former editor of the Student BMJ, and <b>Kristina Oegaard</b>, president of IFMSA, explain the situation
Picture Quiz: A man with a lump in his breast
Authors: Elspeth Hill, Carolyn Allen, Janet Walls
Journal: BMJ (2009)

These are written in a question and answer format. We do not cases of anything rare. Elspeth Hill and colleagues consider a 65 year old man who presented to a breast clinic A 65 year old man presented with a mass behind his right nipple. He first noticed the mass two years before, and it had been getting larger since. It was not painful so he did not seek medical help, and it was first detected during an unrelated hospital admission. He had no family history of breast cancer. At age 12 he had surgery for an undescended testicle. Examination showed a hard, irregular mass behind the right areola and palpable axillary lymph nodes. Fig 1 Fig 2 Right craniocaudal mammogram Fig 3 Left craniocaudal mammogram
Response by Abdullah et al to Letters Regarding Article, “Long-Term Association of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol With Cardiovascular Mortality in Individuals at Low 10-Year Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Results From the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study”
Authors: Shuaib M. Abdullah, Laura F. Defina, David Leonard, Amit Khera
Journal: Circulation (2019)
Prognostic Impact of the Number of Metastatic Lymph Nodes on the Eighth Edition of the TNM Classification of NSCLC
Authors: Shinya Katsumata, Keiju Aokage, Genichiro Ishii, Shoko Nakasone, Takashi Sakai, Satoshi Okada, Tomohiro Miyoshi, Kenta Tane, Masahiro Tsuboi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2019)
Learning from history: the value of a BSc in the history of medicine
Authors: Andrew Moscrop
Journal: BMJ (2002)

“Can anyone tell me who invented the stethoscope?” The consultant peered over his half moon lenses, from beneath a pair of bushy grey brows, surveying the medical students shuffling awkwardly in front of him. We were silent. We could not tell him. We were soon dismissed as heathens and our education slandered by the ageing clinician

When I returned to his ward a year later not only could I have provided that consultant with the answer, but I could have offered him a lecture on the subject. Between my third and fourth years at medical school I interrupted my clinical studies to cross the borders of discipline and nation; from medicine in Scotland to history in England. It was the most enjoyable and exciting year of my life and the lessons I learnt will benefit my clinical career.



1



The Wellcome Trust offers one year intercalated BSc programmes in the history of medicine in London and Manchester. Medical students from all over Britain are eligible to apply for places. Becoming a historian at …
What's so difficult about ECGs--a bundle of what?
Authors: Dominic Cox, Hamish Dougall
Journal: BMJ (2001)

In the first in a series of understanding ECGs Dominic Cox and Hamish Dougall take you through the basics

Are electrocardiograms (ECGs) difficult? Should we believe the titles of numerous texts written on the subject, which proclaim “ECGs Made Easy,” “ECGs Made Simple,” or “ECGs So Simple Your Granny's Cat Could Do Them”? We'll let you into a secret. Reading ECGs is not that difficult. A medical student can make the majority of important diagnoses just as well as a cardiologist and probably far better than the average orthopaedic surgeon. (The definition of a double blind study is an orthopaedic surgeon and an ECG.)

At present you may run for cover on seeing an ECG. We hope to show you that there is no need to do this. If you experience a combination of confusion, apathy, and palpitations on hearing strange words, like ECG mapping, signal averaging, and QT dispersion by a consultant cardiologist on a ward round, take heart. Such discussions are intellectual twaddle and completely unnecessary for the majority of practising doctors to understand. All you need is to understand the basics of the ECG and the rest is simple pattern recognition. We hope to show that, with a simple approach to ECGs, you will no longer fear these “squiggly lines” and that they will aid and enhance your understanding of patients on a daily basis in whatever area of medicine you practise.

The heart is a simple, robust, and clever machine that beats around 3.2 billion times during an average life. It adapts to its situation by becoming more efficient the more it is used. It never stops (we hope) and it takes quite a battering from our lifestyle. A reasonable analogy in understanding the heart and therefore ECGs is to think of the heart as the …
Genetic and Clinical Findings in a Large Cohort of Chinese Patients with Suspected Retinitis Pigmentosa
Authors: Feng-Juan Gao, Jian-Kang Li, Han Chen, Fang-Yuan Hu, Sheng-Hai Zhang, Yu-He Qi, Ping Xu, Dan-Dan Wang, Lu-Sheng Wang, Qing Chang, Yong-Jin Zhang, Wei Liu, Wei Li, Min Wang, Fang Chen, Ge-Zhi Xu, Ji-Hong Wu
Journal: Ophthalmology (2019)
Efficacy and Safety Analysis of Nelipepimut-S Vaccine to Prevent Breast Cancer Recurrence: A Randomized, Multicenter, Phase III Clinical Trial
Authors: Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, Biao Lu, Michelle Melisko, Julie Price Hiller, Igor Bondarenko, Adrian Murray Brunt, Grybach Sergii, Katarina Petrakova, George E. Peoples
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Purpose: In phase I/II studies, nelipepimut-S (NP-S) plus GM-CSF vaccine was well tolerated and effectively raised HER2-specific immunity in patients with breast cancer. Results from a prespecified interim analysis of a phase III trial assessing NP-S + GM-CSF are reported. Patients and Methods: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind phase III study enrolled females ≥18 years with T1–T3, HER2 low–expressing (IHC 1+/2+), node-positive breast cancer in the adjuvant setting. Patients received 1,000 μg NP-S + 250 μg GM-CSF or placebo + GM-CSF monthly for 6 months, then every 6 months through 36 months. The primary objective was disease-free survival (DFS). Protocol-specified imaging occurred annually. New abnormalities were categorized as recurrence events; biopsy confirmation was not mandated. The interim analysis was conducted as specified in the protocol after 73 DFS events. Results: A total of 758 patients (mean age 51.8 years) were randomized. Adverse events were similar between groups; most common were injection-associated: erythema (84.3%), induration (55.8%), and pruritus (54.9%). There was no significant between-arms difference in DFS events at interim analysis at median follow-up (16.8 months). In the NP-S arm, imaging detected 54.1% of recurrence events in asymptomatic patients versus 29.2% in the placebo arm (P = 0.069). Conclusions: NP-S was well tolerated. There was no significant difference in DFS events between NP-S and placebo. Use of mandated annual scans and image-detected recurrence events hastened the interim analysis contributing to early trial termination.
Is it enough?
Authors: Shamyla Younas, Nandhini Prakash
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Twenty two month old Bangladeshi baby B, who had a history of recurrent wheezing since the age of 6 months, presented with acute respiratory distress accompanied by nasal flaring, marked intercostal and subcostal recession, tracheal tug, and accessory muscle use. She also appeared very pale. Unusually, she had not responded to her bronchodilator inhaler and was progressively worsening. The attending doctor found it difficult to take a history as her mother could only speak in Bengali and no interpreter was present. Instead, he was forced to rely mostly on clinical signs.

Although the doctor started rigorous treatment for life threatening asthma, the baby's signs and symptoms showed no noteworthy improvement. A reduction in her Glasgow coma scale score (from being alert on admission to occasional eye opening and being unresponsive to pain) and increasing exhaustion prompted the anaesthetic team to intubate and ventilate baby B.

On cannulation, her blood was dilute and free flowing. Initial blood results described evidence of uncompensated mixed acidosis and a profoundly severe apparent microcytic anaemia, haemoglobin concentrations were 2.9 g/dl (normal reference 12-18 g/dl) and serum ferritin 2.4 mg/l (20-330 mg/l). This necessitated an urgent blood transfusion with O Rh negative blood before cross matching results were obtained.

Baby B required ventilation for 2 days. A detailed history was taken through an interpreter. This showed a poor diet; her intake was mainly cow's milk with a small quantity of rice. She had been previously identified as being iron deficient and had been started on iron supplements but had failed to attend a follow-up for assessment.

During this admission, dietary advice was given and treatment started with iron supplements. The dietitian informed the mother of the seriousness of her anaemia and reinforced the need to ensure an adequate diet and compliance with medication.

Baby B's iron …