tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Predicting the risk of secondary malignancies associated with stereotactic body radiation therapy.
Authors: David Paul Horowitz, John Ng, Igor Shuryak, K. S. Clifford Chao, David J. Brenner, Simon Cheng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e17562 Background: Treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is associated with high rates of local control and long-term overall survival. With increasing frequency, SBRT is a treatment option for operable tumors which raises the question of the risk of long-term toxicities such as radiation-induced secondary malignancies. There has been no previous risk assessment or epidemiological studies of secondary malignancies with high-dose hypofractionated SBRT. In this study, we seek to quantify the predicted rates of secondary lung malignancies in patients treated with SBRT for stage I-II NSCLC. Methods: Treatment plans for 14 stage I-II NSCLC patients treated with definitive-intent SBRT at Columbia University Medical Center were retrospectively assessed. Median patient age was 73 years (range 54 - 86) with median tumor size of 2.8 cm (range 1.2 - 5.0). SBRT doses ranged from 40-60 Gy in 3-5 fractions. Dose-volume histograms for target PTV and normal lung were generated from planning CT scans. A biologically-based mathematical model of spontaneous and radiation-induced carcinogenesis was used to determine the excess absolute risk and the median lifetime estimated relative risk of secondary lung malignancies for each plan. These risks were then compared using 2-sided t-tests. Results: For all patients, the median lifetime estimated absolute risk of secondary lung malignancy was 1.06% (95% CI 0.62%-1.98%), and the median lifetime estimated relative risk of secondary lung malignancy was 1.61 (95% CI 1.47-1.75) after SBRT. For patients aged less than 65 years, median estimated absolute risk of secondary malignancies was higher (2.8%) than for patients age 65 and older (0.37%), p &lt; 0.001. PTV volume less than 50 cc vs greater than 50 cc, T1 vs T2 tumors, and gender were not significantly associated with differences in estimated absolute risk or estimated relative risk of secondary malignancies. Conclusions: As SBRT is potentially indicated in younger medically operable patients, the long-term late toxicities need to be determined. This study suggests that the risk of second lung malignancies from high-dose SBRT even in younger patients would be minimal.
EFFECTS OF SGLT2 INHIBITORS ON STROKE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES ACCORDING TO BASELINE KIDNEY FUNCTION
Authors: Zien Zhou, Meg Jardine, Hiddo Heerspink, Brendon Neuen, Qiang Li, Clare Arnott, Kenneth Mahaffey, Vlado Perkovic, Bruce Neal
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
INCIDENCE AND PREDICTORS OF FUNCTIONALLY SIGNIFICANT SIDE BRANCH STENOSES IN CALCIFIED CORONARY LESIONS AFTER ROTATIONAL ATHERECTOMY AND CUTTING BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY: THE RANDOMIZED ORBID-FFR TRIAL
Authors: Annapoorna Subhash Kini, Naotaka Okamoto, Nitin Barman, Yuliya Vengrenyuk, Keisuke Yasumura, Surbhi Chamaria, Samit Bhatheja, Vishal Kapur, Choudhury Hasan, Joseph Sweeny, Usman Baber, Roxana Mehran, Gregg W. Stone, Samin K. Sharma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Adjuavnt tyrosinase peptide vaccination in patients with resected stage III/IV melanoma
Authors: A. Letsch, C. Scheibenbogen, M. Fluck, A. Asemissen, D. Nagorsen, E. Thiel, U. Keilholz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

2570 Background: This phase II study was undertaken to evaluate the immunogenicity and clinical efficacy of vaccination with tyrosinase peptides as adjuvant treatment in melanoma patients after multiple relapses. Methods: Stage III/IV melanoma patients after complete resection of relapses were vaccinated with tyrosinase peptides together with GM-CSF and KLH. Vaccination was given bi-weekly times 4, followed by monthly times 8 in absence of relevant disease progression. Tyrosinase-specific T cells were quantitated and characterized ex vivo by intracellular cytokine flow cytometry. Results: 44 patients were accrued with a median of 5.8 (range 2–25) previous relapses at cutaneous /s.c. only (n = 11), ln (n = 30) and/or visceral sites (n = 7). 11 patients received less than 6 vaccinations due to rapid progression. Of 32 patients evaluable for immunological response 16 (50%) displayed pre-vaccine spontaneous tyrosinase-specific T cells (median 0.32%). In 7 of the 15 patients without pre-existing T cells tyrosinase-specific T cells were induced after 6 vaccinations (median 0.08% CD3+CD8+ T cells) and in 10 of 12 patients after 12 vaccinations (median 0.36%, p = 0.03 compared to 6 vaccinations). Similarly, in 9 of the 16 patients with pre-existing T cell responses the frequency of tyrosinase-specific T cells did increase after 6 cycles (median 0.43 %), but in none of 10 patients with pre-existing T cells an increase was observed after 12 vaccinations (median 0.20%). Both, the spontaneous and the vaccine-induced T cells were predominantly of effector and effector-memory phenotype. With respect to clinical efficacy vaccination was terminated after 3 to 9 cycles due to disease progression in 19 of 44 patients. Of the remaining 25 patients receiving all 12 vaccinations 7 (16% of all 44 enrolled) had a favourable clinical course with cessation of recurrences. Conclusions: Taken together, this study shows high immunogenicity of the vaccine in patients with limited tumor burden associated with clinical efficacy. In case of a spontaneous pre-existing T cell response to the vaccine peptides, however, this could not, or only transiently be augmented. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ENABLED ECG DETECTS SIGNIFICANT LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION IN SUBJECTS WITH DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Sanskriti Shrivastava, Michal Shelly, Zachi Itzhak Attia, Andrew Rosenbaum, Liwei Wang, Margaret M. Redfield, Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, Suraj Kapa, Kent Bailey, Paul Friedman, Naveen Pereira
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
LEFT VENTRICULAR OUTFLOW OBSTRUCTION WITH SYSTOLIC ANTERIOR MOTION OF THE MITRAL VALVE AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT IN A PATIENT WITH HYPERTROPHIC OBSTRUCTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY AND PREVIOUS SEPTAL MYECTOMY
Authors: Richard A. Vautier, Nidhi Patel, Fadi Matar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Pharmacologic differences in taxanes leading to difference in clinical activity and toxicity.
Authors: Chetan Dilip Deshmukh, Ganesh Divekar, Minish Mahendra Jain, Shailesh Arjun Bondarde, Niraj Bhatt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e13567 Background: Paclitaxel and docetaxel share major parts of their structures and mechanism of action, but differ in several aspects. Both paclitaxel and docetaxel act at microtubule causing tubulin polymer generation but exhibit pharmacodynamic differences. These pharmacological differences may account for the differences observed between taxanes in their clinical activity and toxicity. Methods: Review of articles providing details of taxane pharmacology was conducted to evaluate pharmacological basis. Results: Greater uptake and slower efflux of docetaxel from tumor cells leads to longer retention time; whereas equal uptake and efflux of paclitaxel shorter retention time for paclitaxel. Hence, apoptotic and mitotic responses of paclitaxel is complete within 4 days implying that more frequent (weekly) administration of paclitaxel will be superior. High affinity to β-tubulin with docetaxel (1.9) than with paclitaxel (1.0) allows higher inhibition of tumor growth. Secondly, drug concentration causing maximum polymerization is 0.2 µM and 0.4 µM for docetaxel and paclitaxel, respectively; indicating that docetaxel is twice as potent as paclitaxel in causing microtubule polymerization. Docetaxel arrests cells in the radiosensitive G2/M phase of the cell cycle making it a potent radiosensetizer than paclitaxel. Mechanisms consistent with allosteric modulation of the reductases increase doxorubicinol formation at clinically relevant concentrations of paclitaxel when it is administered with doxorubicin. Enhanced formation of doxorubicinol aglycone, a metabolite potentially involved in the reversible phase of cardiotoxicity causes higher cardiotoxicty when doxorubicin is administered with paclitaxel than with docetaxel. Non linear pharmacokinetics and hypersensitivity with paclitaxel and fluid retention with docetaxel is attributed to excepient of the drug rather than drug itself. Conclusions: Influx and efflux mechanism support superior weekly administration of Paclitaxel. Pharmacological differences between taxanes justify the incomplete resistance seen between taxanes. The incomplete cross resistance is specifically related to docetaxelactivity in paclitaxel resistant cases.
BLOCKING INTERLEUKIN-1 WITH ANAKINRA IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE PERICARDITIS
Authors: George F. Wohlford, Leo Buckley, Alessandra Vecchié, Dinesh Kadariya, Roshanak Markley, Cory Trankle, Juan Chiabrando, Horacio Medina De Chazal, Benjamin Van Tassell, Antonio Abbate
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
VISIT-TO-VISIT BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY IN EARLY ADULTHOOD AND SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND ARTERIAL WALL THICKNESS BY MIDDLE AGE: THE CORONARY ARTERY RISK DEVELOPMENT IN YOUNG ADULTS (CARDIA) STUDY
Authors: Chike Nwabuo, Yuichiro Yano, Henrique Moreira, Duke Appiah, Henrique Vasconcellos, Queen Aghaji, Anthony Viera, Jamal S. Rana, Ravi V. Shah, Venkatesh Murthy, Norrina Allen, Pamela Schreiner, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Joao A.C. Lima
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Retrospective analysis of the possibility of predicting the COVID-19 outbreak from Internet searches and social media data, China, 2020
Authors: Cuilian Li, Li Jia Chen, Xueyu Chen, Mingzhi Zhang, Chi Pui Pang, Haoyu Chen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2020)

The peak of Internet searches and social media data about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak occurred 10–14 days earlier than the peak of daily incidences in China. Internet searches and social media data had high correlation with daily incidences, with the maximum r &gt; 0.89 in all correlations. The lag correlations also showed a maximum correlation at 8–12 days for laboratory-confirmed cases and 6–8 days for suspected cases.
Supportive simultaneous care: A novel approach to frail cancer patients.
Authors: Michela Quirino, Alessandra Cassano, Salvatore Corallo, Adriana Turriziani, Armando Orlandi, Giovanni Schinzari, Michele Basso, Carlo Barone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e16553 Background: In the last decades, improvements in systemic therapies and advances in supportive and palliative care made pts, usually early referred to exclusive supportive care, suitable for integrated strategies of care. This approach responds to an increasing effort to integrate palliative care in the model of comprehensive cancer care. Its feasibility relies on cooperation between oncologists and palliative care providers along the period of disease until the death of the pt. We report the experience of our Simultaneous Care Unit in the period 2008-11. Methods: We observed 159 pts (76 M, 83 F), median age 72 years (29-95), affected by advanced solid tumors or hematological malignancies. All pts received assistance by the Simultaneous Care Unit (SCU) composed by oncologists, psychologists, palliative care providers, spiritual assistants. They all received palliative and supportive care in the home setting and cancer therapies as outpatient. All pts were monthly evaluated for clinical benefit, defined as follows: ESAS score decreasing from &gt;4 to &lt;4 cut points and PS ECOG decrease from ≥2 to &lt;2. We also evaluated the rate of hospitalization as the number of pts requiring access to our Acute Palliative Care Unit (APCU) as inpatient for acute illness or uncontrolled symptoms. Costs analysis was performed on the basis of the DRG reimbursements. Results: The median length of simultaneous care was 88 days (95% C.I. 68.75-111.51). Clinical benefit rate was 63,5% (95% C.I. 55.96-71.09). Hospitalization rate was 23,27% (95% C.I. 16.63-29.91). Median length of hospitalization for each pt (until symptom improving or death, if occurred) was 22,5 days. Median cost for each pt hospitalized at our APCU was 4478 euros. Conclusions: Our experience within the SCU shows that the early integration of SC and active cancer treatments is effective. Our % hospitalization is lower than that reported by other authors in the same settings of pts (range 30-70%) with a significant saving of money. If confirmed in prospective pharmaco-economic studies, our data suggest that our model provides a high-quality assistance to frail patients and could be exportable also in other settings of chronic illness, potentially leading to a more wise way to use Health Care System resources.
MARKERS FOR CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM AND OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Oliver Weingärtner, Insa Emrich, Kyrill S. Rogacev, Christian Schulze, Danilo Fliser, Michael Boehm, Dieter Lütjohann, Gunnar H. Heine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
POSTPROCEDURAL RADIAL ARTERY COMPRESSION TIME IN CHRONIC ANTICOAGULATED PATIENTS USING STATSEAL. THE PRACTICAL-SEAL FEASIBILITY STUDY
Authors: Rodrigo Bagur, Amir Solomonica, Hussein Taleb, Shubrandu Sanjoy, Zeev Israeli, Shahar Lavi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Monitoring Glaucomatous Functional Loss Using an Artificial Intelligence–Enabled Dashboard
Authors: Siamak Yousefi, Tobias Elze, Louis R. Pasquale, Osamah Saeedi, Mengyu Wang, Lucy Q. Shen, Sarah R. Wellik, Carlos G. De Moraes, Jonathan S. Myers, Michael V. Boland
Journal: Ophthalmology (2020)
IMPACT OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ABLATION IN PATIENTS WITHOUT HEART FAILURE
Authors: Chinmay Jani, Shilpkumar Arora, Samarthkumar Thakkar, Harsh Patel, Sopan Lahewala, Yash Varma, Abhishek Deshmukh, Juan Viles-Gonzalez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Male workers’ influence on partners uptake of pap smear screening in a teaching hospital in Nigeria.
Authors: Idowu Emmanuel Olowokere, Olumuyiwa Adebola Roberts
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

5606 Background: Cervical cancer remains a major global health issue still claiming the lives of African women despite the availability of screening facilities. Male involvement has paid off in enhancing uptake of contraception in Africa as reported by several empirical studies. It may be worthwhile in encouraging women uptake of the screening services. This formed the basis for this study. Methods: The study adopted a cross sectional descriptive survey that involved 350 respondents. Their involvement was assessed using a structured questionnaire with cronbach reliability coefficient of 0.78. The study was analyzed using SPSS version 16 by computing the frequency, means and standard deviations. Chi-square was employed to test the significance of associations at p &lt; 0.05. Results: The results showed that all (n = 350) male medical staff of the hospital were aware about cervical cancer and pap smear screening test for premalignant lesions of the cervix compared to 90% and 77% observed in paramedics and non-medical groups respectively. At least, an episode of Pap smear screening test had been done by the partners of 52.4% of the medical staff; while only 30.2% and 13% of the partners of paramedics and non-medical workers respectively had undergone the test. Among those whose partners had participated in screening; 78.9% (n = 95) of the men initiated the screening. Eighty two percent (82%, n = 95) paid for their wives’ transportation while 78.9% (n = 95) have at least once followed their partners to the screening centre. Chi square result showed that men with higher level of education are likely to support their partners to participate in screening for cervical cancer (p &lt; 0.005). There was no significant association between religion and male support for Pap smear uptake (p &lt; 0.407). Conclusions: The study showed that the medical male workers were more involved in facilitating partners screening for cervical cancer. This may not be unconnected with their knowledge of the consequences of late identification of the disease. The study therefore concluded that knowledge of cervical cancer and its consequences by men will enhance their involvement in encouraging partners to utilize screening facilities.
Rate of pathologic fractures associated with zoledronic acid treatment in both breast and prostate cancer patients with bone metastases: Findings from real-world clinical practice.
Authors: David H. Regan, Dennis J Wollschleger, William N. Harwin, Stephen Szabo, Joseph DiBenedetto, Madhav Namjoshi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e19615 Background: Recent papers by Stopeck et al (J Clin Oncol, 2010), and by Fizazi et al (Lancet, 2011) evaluated rates of pathologic fractures (PF) in breast cancer (BC) and prostate cancer (PC) patients with bone metastases, and concluded that 23% and 15% of the patients on zoledronic acid (ZOL) respectively had a PF. Since these results were obtained within a randomized controlled trial environment, it is very important to compare these rates to those observed in actual practice. The objective of this study was therefore to determine the rate of PF among both BC and PC patients with bone metastases treated with ZOL in clinical practice. Methods: A patient chart review was conducted in two institutions, Florida Cancer Specialists (FCS) and Georgia Cancer Specialists (GCS) to determine the rate of PF in BC and PC patients with bone metastases initiating ZOL. BC and PC patients with confirmed diagnoses who initiated ZOL treatment from 2005 thru 2007 were included in the study. The patients were required to have been on ZOL for a minimum of 18 months following initiation of treatment. Demographic information, baseline clinical characteristics, and outcomes related to the treatment of bone metastases were assessed. Results: A total of 207 BC patients and 178 PC patients were included in the sample. Median age in the BC group was 65, and in the PC group was 74. In the BC cohort, of the 207 patients, only 17 (8.2%) patients had a PF. In the PC cohort, of the 178 patients, only 8 (4.5%) patients had a pathological fracture. When evaluated by institution, only 5 (4.7%) BC patients, and 4 (4%) PC patients from FCS had a pathological fracture; and only 12 (12%) BC and 4 (5.2%) PC patients from GCS had a pathological fracture. Conclusions: The findings from this study indicate that the rate of pathological fractures associated with ZOL treatment in clinical practice is very different from that observed in a randomized controlled trial setting. Physicians, payers and policy makers should carefully consider these findings in both clinical pathway decisions and formulary inclusion.
Follow-up results of NOAH, a randomized phase III trial evaluating neoadjuvant chemotherapy with trastuzumab (CT+H) followed by adjuvant H versus CT alone, in patients with HER2-positive locally advanced breast cancer.
Authors: Luca Gianni, Wolfgang Eiermann, Vladimir Semiglazov, Alexey Manikhas, Ana Lluch, Sergei Tjulandin, Milvia Zambetti, Federico Vazquez, Mikhail J. Byakhov, Mikhail Lichinitser, Miguel Angel Climent, Eva Ciruelos, Belen Ojeda, Mauro Mansutti, Alla Bozhok, Domenico Magazzu, Jutta Steinseifer, Pinuccia Valagussa, Jose Baselga
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

503 Background: The monoclonal antibody trastuzumab (H) has been shown to improve event-free survival (EFS) and pathologic complete response (pCR) in patients with HER2-positive locally advanced or inflammatory breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without one year of trastuzumab in the primary analysis of the NOAH study (Gianni L, Lancet 2010). Updated EFS and overall survival (OS) results are now presented. Methods: In this international, multicenter, open-label, randomized phase III trial patients with locally advanced or inflammatory breast cancer were randomized 1:1 to receive CT+H followed by adjuvant H versus CT alone. A parallel cohort of 99 comparable patients with HER2-negative disease was included and treated with the same chemotherapy regimen. The neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen included doxorubicin, paclitaxel, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil. The primary objective was to compare EFS defined as time from randomization to disease recurrence or progression [local, regional, distant or contralateral] or death due to any cause). Results: After a median follow up of 5.4 years, the EFS benefit with trastuzumab was confirmed. Cardiac tolerability was good despite concurrent administration of trastuzumab with doxorubicin. Two patients (2%) developed reversible symptomatic congestive heart failure and are presently alive. Conclusions: Present analysis confirms the significant EFS benefit observed in the primary analysis of the NOAH study, and shows a strong trend towards improved OS with the addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy. pCR rate may be considered as a possible primary endpoint and early indicator of benefit in future neoadjuvant studies of HER2-targeted agents. Clinical trial information: 86043495. [Table: see text]
Correlation between 21-gene recurrence score assay with Nottingham prognostic index (NPI) and Adjuvant! Online (AO) prognostic tools in newly diagnosed patients with early-stage breast cancer in midwestern Ireland.
Authors: Keith Ian Quintyne, Bernie Woulfe, Rajnish K. Gupta
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e16551 Background: Prognostic tools such as NPI and AO have been used to help stratify early stage breast cancer patients into specific risk-related groupings. With the development of molecular biological gene expression assays, both predictive and prognostic information for patients with early stage endocrine positive breast cancer can be determined. We herein report our experience with the use of a 21-gene recurrence score (RS) assay, it’s correlation with NPI and AO, and explore the comparative outcome for patients in MWCC, Limerick, Ireland. Methods: Study period: 01/09/2008 – 31/12/2012. Data was derived from (1) MWCC Oncology database (2) MWRH pathology reports (3) MWRH patient files (4) RS assay reports. Data was collated and entered into an Access database and exported into Predictive Analytics Software for analysis. Results: Seventy-seven (77) patients with early stage endocrine positive breast cancer were analysed. Median age: 55.9 years (range: 30.6 – 72.3 years). Median follow-up: 15.4 months. NPI distribution was: excellent – 9%, good – 53%, moderate – 38% and poor – 0%, with median NPI score – 3.36. RS distribution was: low – 49%, intermediate – 43% and high – 8%, with median RS – 18. The RS correlated poorly with NPI predictions. The median AO benefit 10-year survival with no additional therapy – 81.4%, the median AO additional benefit 10-year survival of chemotherapy (CT) – 1.2% and median AO additional benefit 10-year survival of CT and hormonal therapy (HT) – 3.9%. The RS also correlated poorly with AO predictions. Conclusions: Prognostic tools are useful in evaluating and predicting the possible outcome, but they do not correlate well with this 21-gene RS molecular assay, as seen with our cohort. These tools should therefore be used in tandem, together with good clinical judgement on an individual basis when advising patients on potential treatment pathways. Further long term evaluation is required.
UTILITY OF CARDIAC MRI IN PREDICTION OF ACUTE RIGHT VENTRICULAR FAILURE AFTER LVAD IMPLANTATION
Authors: Saadiq Moledina, Mayooran Shanmuganathan, Veronica Baston, Anand Tana, Georgina Saari, J.L. Robertus, P. Asaria, Fernando Riesgo-Gil, Mark Peterzan, Simon A., Joyce Wong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)