tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
INFORMATION WHEN YOU WANT IT
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
糖尿病基础知识（三）糖尿病足
Authors: PeterJWatkins, 冯凯, 王姮
Journal: BMJ (2004)

足部溃疡，化脓感染以及截肢手术一起是糖尿病患者的棘手问题，但它又是极易预防的一种糖尿病并发症。甚至通过简单的教育和护理技术即可避免。一旦病变发生，在采取及时，积极有效和充分的治疗以后，多数患者可以痊愈。
Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of inoperable pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer
Authors: T. D. Yan, J. King, D. Glenn, K. Steinke, D. L. Morris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

3502 Background: This current study was an open, prospective and nonrandomized phase II study, which critically evaluated the prognostic parameters for local disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients who underwent percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for inoperable colorectal pulmonary metastases (CRPM). Methods: The inclusion criteria were patients who had inoperable CRPM, due to number, distribution, poor performance status or patients’ refusal to accept surgery. The exclusion criteria were lesions &gt; 6 per hemithorax; diameter of metastases &gt; 5 cm; bleeding diathesis; and/or significantly compromised lung function. All patients underwent percutaneous RFA with a radiological clear margin of at least 2 cm. The end-points of this study were local DFS and OS, determined from the time of RFA intervention. Ten clinical and six treatment-related prognostic parameters were assessed in univariate and multivariate analyses. All patients were reviewed at one week, one month and every three months thereafter with chest CT. Fifty-five patients entered into the study. The follow-up was complete and the median follow-up was 24 months (6 to 40). Results: The median local DFS was not reached and 2-year local DFS was 57%. Univariate analysis demonstrated that largest size of lung metastasis, location of lung metastases, post-RFA CEA at 1 month and 3 months were significant for local DFS. In multivariate analysis, largest size of lung metastasis of ≤ 3 cm and post-RFA CEA of ≤ 5 ng/ml at 1 month were independently associated with an improved local DFS. The median OS was 33 months (4 to 40), with 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival of 85%, 64% and 46%, respectively. Univariate analysis demonstrated that interval between the diagnoses of colorectal cancer and pulmonary metastasis; largest size of lung metastasis and location of lung metastases were significant for OS. In multivariate analysis, only size of lung metastasis of ≤ 3 cm was independently associated with an improved OS. Conclusions: Percutaneous RFA of inoperable CRPM may have a useful role in patients with a lesion of ≤ 3 cm. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Brain Changes in Response to Long Antarctic Expeditions
Authors: Alexander C Stahn, Hanns-Christian Gunga, Eberhard Kohlberg, Jürgen Gallinat, David F Dinges, Simone Kühn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

Effects of a Polar Expedition on the Brain Brain imaging in eight polar expeditioners before and after 14 months of isolation showed that the volume of the hippocampal dentate gyrus was lower than ...
Long Term Follow-up Analysis of HD9601 Trial Comparing ABVD Vs Stanford V Vs MOPPABVCAD in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Advanced Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma. A Study from the Intergruppo Italiano Linfomi (IIL)
Authors: Teodoro Chisesi, Monica Bellei, Stefano Luminari, Luigi Marcheselli, Alessandro Levis, Umberto Vitolo, Caterina Stelitano, Vincenzo Pavone, Francesco Merli, Marina Liberati, Luca Baldini, Roberto Bordonaro, Emanuela Pesce, Paolo Gobbi, Massimo Federico
Journal: Blood (2008)
Risk Stratification for Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Major Noncardiac Surgery Using Preoperative and Intraoperative Data
Authors: Victor J. Lei, ThaiBinh Luong, Eric Shan, Xinwei Chen, Mark D. Neuman, Nwamaka D. Eneanya, Daniel E. Polsky, Kevin G. Volpp, Lee A. Fleisher, John H. Holmes, Amol S. Navathe
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common complications after noncardiac surgery. Yet current postoperative AKI risk stratification models have substantial limitations, such as limited use of perioperative data.To examine whether adding preoperative and intraoperative data is associated with improved prediction of noncardiac postoperative AKI.A prognostic study using logistic regression with elastic net selection, gradient boosting machine (GBM), and random forest approaches was conducted at 4 tertiary academic hospitals in the United States. A total of 42 615 hospitalized adults with serum creatinine measurements who underwent major noncardiac surgery between January 1, 2014, and April 30, 2018, were included in the study. Serum creatinine measurements from 365 days before and 7 days after surgery were used in this study.Postoperative AKI (defined by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes within 7 days after surgery) was the primary outcome. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess discrimination.Among 42 615 patients who underwent noncardiac surgery, the mean (SD) age was 57.9 (15.7) years, 23 943 (56.2%) were women, 27 857 (65.4%) were white, and the most frequent surgery types were orthopedic (15 718 [36.9%]), general (8808 [20.7%]), and neurologic (6564 [15.4%]). The rate of postoperative AKI was 10.1% (n = 4318). The progressive addition of clinical data improved model performance across all modeling approaches, with GBM providing the highest discrimination by AUC. In GBM models, the AUC increased from 0.712 (95% CI, 0.694-0.731) using prehospitalization variables to 0.804 (95% CI, 0.788-0.819) using preoperative variables (inclusive of prehospitalization variables) (P < .001 for AUC comparison). The AUC further increased to 0.817 (95% CI, 0.802-0.832) when adding intraoperative variables (P < .001 for comparison vs model using preoperative variables). However, the statistically significant improvements in discrimination did not appear to be clinically significant. In particular, the AKI rate among patients classified as high risk improved from 29.1% to 30.0%, a net of 15 patients were appropriately reclassified as high risk, and an additional 15 patients were appropriately reclassified as low risk.The findings of the study suggest that electronic health record data may be used to accurately stratify patients at risk of perioperative AKI, but the modest improvements from adding intraoperative data should be weighed against challenges in using intraoperative data.
Pharmacokinetic Analysis of a von Willebrand Factor/Factor VIII (VWF/FVIII) Concentrate in Adults and Children with von Willebrand Disease (VWD).
Authors: Jorge Di Paola, Stephan Lethagen, Joan Gill, Pier Mannucci, Jonathan Bernstein, William Nichols, Carl Friedman, Sigurd Knaub, Garrett Bergman
Journal: Blood (2007)
Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Levels in Patients with Thalassemia Intermedia: Lack of Association with Erythropoiesis, Iron Metabolism, Renal Dysfunction and Inflammation.
Authors: Ioannis Papassotiriou, Alexandra Margeli, Antonios Drakatos, Sophia Delikou, Korina Kassiou, Christos Kattamis, Vassilios Ladis, Antonios Kattamis
Journal: Blood (2007)
A Tumor Microenvironment‐Responsive Biodegradable Mesoporous Nanosystem for Anti‐Inflammation and Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Jianrong Wu, Shiwei Niu, David H. Bremner, Wei Nie, Zi Fu, Dejian Li, Li‐Min Zhu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

Abstract A nanoplatform that integrates diagnostic and therapeutic functions with intrinsic tumor microenvironment‐responsive biodegradability is highly desired. Herein, a biodegradable nanotheranostic agent based on hollow mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (HMONs), followed by encapsulating of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp 90) inhibitor is described. Then, the pore‐engineering including gating with bovine serum albumin‐iridium oxide nanoparticles (BSA‐IrO 2 ) and conjugation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) is conducted to yield 17AAG@HMONs‐BSA‐IrO 2 ‐PEG (AHBIP) nanotheranostics for multimode computed tomography (CT)/photoacoustic (PA) imaging‐guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) and low‐temperature photothermal therapy (PTT). Such nanoplatforms show extraordinary photothermal conversion efficiency, high cargo loading (35.4% for 17AAG), and stimuli‐responsive release of 17AAG for inhibition of Hsp90, which induces cell apoptosis at low‐temperatures (≈41 °C). Also, the IrO 2 simultaneously endows the nanotheranostics with catalytic activity in triggering the decomposition of H 2 O 2 into O 2 and thus reducing the tumor hypoxia, as well as protecting normal tissues against H 2 O 2 ‐induced inflammation. AHBIP shows good photocatalysis activity for PDT as a result of the generation of superoxide anion by laser irradiation. The resulting AHBIP‐mediated synergistic PTT/PDT offers an outstanding therapeutic outcome both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, the incorporation of the BSA‐IrO 2 and biodegradable HMONs into one nanoplatform has great potential for clinical applications.
Plasma Apelin and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in a Cohort From the Community
Authors: Isabelle Castan-Laurell, Ray El Boustany, Ophélie Pereira, Louis Potier, Michel Marre, Frédéric Fumeron, Philippe Valet, Pierre Gourdy, Gilberto Velho, Ronan Roussel
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

Apelin is a bioactive peptide and the endogenous ligand of APJ, a G-protein–coupled receptor. It is expressed in several organs and tissues including many regions of the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract, the heart, the lungs, and adipose tissue. The apelin/APJ system exerts a large number of physiological effects, including regulation of energy metabolism, fluid homeostasis, and cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and immune functions (1). Studies in rodents have shown that apelin has insulin-sensitizing effects and exerts a beneficial role on glucose homeostasis (1). Based on what is known of its physiological effects, it could be expected that apelin may have a protective effect against diabetes. However, data from large prospective studies addressing the relationship between apelin and the risk of diabetes in the general population are lacking. We therefore assessed associations of plasma apelin concentrations at baseline with the incidence of type 2 diabetes and related traits during a 9-year follow-up in 3,785 participants from DESIR (Donnees Epidemiologiques sur le Syndrome d’Insulino-Resistance), a cohort from the French general population.

Apelin concentration was measured in fasting plasma-EDTA baseline samples with the human apelin-12 enzyme immunosorbent assay kit (Phoenix Pharmaceuticals, Inc.). Mean ± SD plasma apelin at baseline was 186 ± 98 pg/mL in women and 185 ± 91 pg/mL in men ( P = 0.87). New cases of type 2 diabetes were observed during follow-up in 198 (5.2%) out of 3,785 participants with normal fasting glucose (NFG) or impaired fasting …
Ustekinumab Pharmacokinetics and Exposure Response in a Phase 3 Randomized Trial of Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Omoniyi J. Adedokun, Zhenhua Xu, Colleen Marano, Chris O’Brien, Philippe Szapary, Hongyan Zhang, Jewel Johanns, Rupert W. Leong, Tadakazu Hisamatsu, Gert Van Assche, Silvio Danese, Maria T. Abreu, Bruce E. Sands, William J. Sandborn
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2019)

The efficacy of antibody-based therapeutics depends on their pharmacokinetics. The pharmacokinetic and exposure response profiles of ustekinumab, a monoclonal antibody against interleukin 12/interleukin 23, are known in patients with Crohn's disease, yet there are few data from patients with ulcerative colitis. We characterized ustekinumab's pharmacokinetics, exposure response, and optimal serum concentrations in patients with ulcerative colitis.We collected data from 2 phase 3 trials (1 induction and 1 maintenance), in which patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis received an intravenous induction dose of ustekinumab (130 mg, n = 320; or approximately 6 mg/kg, n = 322). Responders were assigned randomly to groups that received subcutaneous maintenance ustekinumab (90 mg) every 8 weeks (n = 176) or 12 weeks (n = 172), or placebo (n = 175). We evaluated the association between ustekinumab concentration and efficacy, serum based on clinical effects (Mayo score), histologic features, and inflammation (measurement of C-reactive protein, fecal calprotectin, and fecal lactoferrin), as well as safety (infections, serious infections, and serious adverse events), during induction and maintenance therapy. Optimal serum concentrations of ustekinumab were identified using receiver operating characteristic curve analyses.In patients with ulcerative colitis, dose-proportional serum concentrations of ustekinumab, unaffected by prior biologic or concomitant immunomodulator therapy, reached steady state by the second maintenance dose; the median trough concentration for dosing every 8 weeks was approximately 3-fold that of dosing every 12 weeks. Serum concentrations were associated with clinical and histologic features of efficacy and normalization of inflammation markers. The week-8 concentration threshold for induction of response was 3.7 μg/mL. A steady-state trough serum concentration of 1.3 μg/mL or higher was associated with a higher rate of clinical remission compared with patients who had lower serum concentrations. Serum concentrations of ustekinumab were not associated with infections, serious infections, or serious adverse events.In an analysis of data from 2 phase 3 trials of patients with ulcerative colitis, we found that serum concentrations of ustekinumab were proportional to dose, unaffected by prior biologic or concomitant immunomodulator therapies, associated with clinical and histologic efficacy and markers of inflammation, and were not associated with safety events at doses evaluated. Ustekinumab pharmacokinetics are consistent between patients with Crohn's disease vs ulcerative colitis.
Precision Medicine in Oncology II: Economics of Targeted Agents and Immuno-Oncology Drugs
Authors: Scott F. Huntington, Amy J. Davidoff, Cary P. Gross
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

Article Tools REVIEW ARTICLES Health Services and Outcomes Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.19.01573 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print December 5, 2019 PMID: 31804866 Precision Medicine in Oncology II: Economics of Targeted Agents and Immuno-Oncology Drugs Scott F. Huntington, MD1xScott F. HuntingtonSearch for articles by this author; Amy J. Davidoff, PhD1xAmy J. DavidoffSearch for articles by this author; and Cary P. Gross, MD1xCary P. GrossSearch for articles by this author Show More 1Yale University, New Haven, CT https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.19.01573 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2019 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Radikal Sistektomi Sonrası Hastalarda Erektil Fonksiyonun Geri Dönebilirliği: Subjektif ve Objektif Değerlendirmeler
Authors: Ihab A. Hekal, Magdy S. El-Bahnasawy, Ahmed Mosbah, Ahmed El-Assmy, Atallah Shaaban
Journal: European Urology (2009)
Untangling the co-effects of oriented nanotopography and sustained anticoagulation in a biomimetic intima on neovessel remodeling
Authors: Zihao Wang, Chungeng Liu, Di Zhu, Xiang Gu, Yin Xu, Qinghua Qin, Nianguo Dong, Shengmin Zhang, Jianglin Wang
Journal: Biomaterials (2019)
Prioritization of genes driving congenital phenotypes of patients with de novo genomic structural variants
Authors: Sjors Middelkamp, Judith M. Vlaar, Jacques Giltay, Jerome Korzelius, Nicolle Besselink, Sander Boymans, Roel Janssen, Lisanne de la Fonteijne, Ellen van Binsbergen, Markus J. van Roosmalen, Ron Hochstenbach, Daniela Giachino, Michael E. Talkowski, Wigard P. Kloosterman, Edwin Cuppen
Journal: Genome Medicine (2019)

Genomic structural variants (SVs) can affect many genes and regulatory elements. Therefore, the molecular mechanisms driving the phenotypes of patients carrying de novo SVs are frequently unknown. We applied a combination of systematic experimental and bioinformatic methods to improve the molecular diagnosis of 39 patients with multiple congenital abnormalities and/or intellectual disability harboring apparent de novo SVs, most with an inconclusive diagnosis after regular genetic testing. In 7 of these cases (18%), whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed disease-relevant complexities of the SVs missed in routine microarray-based analyses. We developed a computational tool to predict the effects on genes directly affected by SVs and on genes indirectly affected likely due to the changes in chromatin organization and impact on regulatory mechanisms. By combining these functional predictions with extensive phenotype information, candidate driver genes were identified in 16/39 (41%) patients. In 8 cases, evidence was found for the involvement of multiple candidate drivers contributing to different parts of the phenotypes. Subsequently, we applied this computational method to two cohorts containing a total of 379 patients with previously detected and classified de novo SVs and identified candidate driver genes in 189 cases (50%), including 40 cases whose SVs were previously not classified as pathogenic. Pathogenic position effects were predicted in 28% of all studied cases with balanced SVs and in 11% of the cases with copy number variants. These results demonstrate an integrated computational and experimental approach to predict driver genes based on analyses of WGS data with phenotype association and chromatin organization datasets. These analyses nominate new pathogenic loci and have strong potential to improve the molecular diagnosis of patients with de novo SVs.
Charting the Course: Use of Clinical Pathways to Improve Value in Cancer Care
Authors: Jennifer L. Malin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

Article Tools REVIEW ARTICLES Health Services and Outcomes Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.19.01482 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print December 5, 2019 PMID: 31804871 Charting the Course: Use of Clinical Pathways to Improve Value in Cancer Care Jennifer L. Malin, MD, PhD1xJennifer L. MalinSearch for articles by this author Show More 1UnitedHealthcare, Minnetonka, MN https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.19.01482 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2019 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Characterization of relapse in patients with clinical stage I (CSI) nonseminoma (NS-TC) managed with active surveillance (AS): A large multicenter study.
Authors: Christian K. Kollmannsberger, Torgrim Tandstad, Philippe L. Bedard, Michael A. S. Jewett, Gabriella Cohn-Cedermark, Peter W. M. Chung, Gedske Daugaard, Padraig Richard Warde, Malcolm J. Moore, Craig R. Nichols
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

4503 Background: Large single institution trials have demonstrated that AS for patients with CSI NS-TC is safe and effective. Information on timing and extent of relapse following AS has the potential to guide intensity and duration of imaging on AS. Methods: Retrospective clinical data on CSI patients were obtained from existing large databases, including institutions/regions which have a standardized policy of centralized management of testicular cancer including AS for patients with CSI NS-TC. In all, 1,034 patients with CSI NS-TC managed with AS were reviewed of whom 886 had no lymphovascular invasion (LVI-), 220 had lymphovascular invasion (LVI+) and 28 had unknown lymphovascular status (LVI unknown). Results: A total of 221 relapses occurred with 150/886 (17%) of LVI– pts , 60/120 (50%) LVI+ pts and 11/28 (39%) of LVI unknown pts (Table). Median follow-up was 63 months (1-163 months). At last follow up 1,013/1,034 (98%) were alive without disease, 16/1,034 (1.5%) were dead of other causes and 7/1,035 (0.05%) were alive with disease or dead of disease. Relapse was identified by marker elevation and/or abdominal imaging in almost all patients. Few patients relapsed with IGCCCC intermediate (18/221, 8%) or poor risk disease (3/221, 1.4%). Conclusions: AS for CSI NS-TC is safe and effective, using a policy of centralized management with loco-regional delivery of care. Our multinational outcomes compare well to single institutional reports. Relapse other than with IGCCC good risk disease was uncommon and death from disease was rare. Compared to patients with LVI-, relapses in LVI + CSI patients occur earlier and few relapses are detected past the first year of follow-up. This data may help in the design of follow up schedules tailored towards the relapse risk in CSI NS-TC AS. [Table: see text]
Oncogenic Drivers and Development
Authors: David Cruz Hernandez, Paresh Vyas
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2019)

In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Lopez and colleagues show that the aggressive acute leukemic phenotype caused by the chimeric transcription factor CBFA2T3-GLIS2 varies depending on the developmental stage of the cell transformed (i.e., fetal vs. adult). This is likely a general principle in pediatric cancers and begins to explain why some cancer phenotypes are more common in infants and young children, whereas others are more frequent in older individuals.See related article by Lopez et al., p. 1736.
Serum BAFF (B-CELL Activating Factor Of The TNF Family) predicts time to First Treatment in Early B-CELL Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Stefano Molica, Gaetano Vitelli, Giovanna Cutrona, Giovanna Digiesi, Rosanna Mirabelli, Diana Giannarelli, Isabella Sperduti, Manlio Ferrarini
Journal: Blood (2008)