tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 204: Risk factors for development of coronary artery aneurysms in Kawasaki disease in Mexican Children
Authors: GABRIELA A MORALES-GARNICA, GUSTAVO A MELGAR.CRUZ, JUAN L SOTO-BLANQUEL, FRANCISCO J ESPINOSA-ROSALES, ALEJANDRO GONZALEZ-GARAY, LUIS M GARRIDO-GARCIA
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Kawasaki Disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness characterized by systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology. Cardiac sequelae, such as coronary artery aneurysms (CAA), are one of the most important aspects of this disease. Actually, it is the major cause of acquired heart disease in developed countries but its frequency in Mexico is still unknown. Objective: To establish the risk factors for development of coronary artery lesions in children with KD who were treated at the Instituto Nacional de Pediatria in Mexico City. Material and Methods: An observational, comparative, retrospective case-control study of all patients diagnosed with KD in our Institution from August 1995 to May 2014. We reviewed the medical records and analyzed gender, age, weight, height, clinical manifestations, time from the onset of the symptoms to diagnosis, hemoglobin, leucocyte count, platelet count, ESR, C-RP, albumin, sodium, AST ASL, treatment used and the development of coronary artery aneurysms. Results: We studied 384 cases of KD, 68% were male with a mean age at diagnosis of 39.02 ± 36.55 months. The mean duration of fever from the onset of the symptoms to diagnosis was 9.4 ± 5.79. An incomplete form of KD was diagnosed in 69 patients (19.4%). 150 patients developed CAA (39%). Multivariate analysis for CAA showed that younger age (p &lt; 0.028) prolonged time to diagnosis (p &lt; 0.001), central nervous system manifestations (p &lt; 0.008) anemia (p &lt; 0.001) leukocytosis (p &lt; 0.005), thrombocytosis (p &lt; 0.041) and elevated C-RP (p &lt; 0.022) were the most important risk factors for development of CAA in our patients. Conclusions: This is the largest series of KD in Mexico, with more cases diagnosed in recent years, so it appear that the disease is more common than initially thought. Also, the frequency of CAA is greater than the reported in the literature, but it appears that is related to a delayed diagnosis and treatment.
Abstract 12656: Expression of Mitochondrial Proteins within the Electron Transport Chain of Hibernating Heart Tissue are Depressed after Successful Revascularization and May Underlie the Mechanism of Persistent Heart Failure
Authors: Rosemary Kelly, Elizabeth Ziemba, Jesus A Cabrera, Joseph Sikora, Francesca Mazzula, Melanie Crampton, Lorraine Anderson, Herbert B Ward, Edward O McFalls
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Clinical studies indicate that functional recovery of hibernating myocardium is incomplete following bypass surgery (CABG). Using a swine model of hibernating myocardium in which the pr...
Association Between Use of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocol and Postoperative Complications in Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Javier Ripollés-Melchor, José M Ramírez-Rodríguez, Rubén Casans-Francés, César Aldecoa, Ane Abad-Motos, Margarita Logroño-Egea, José Antonio García-Erce, Ángels Camps-Cervantes, Carlos Ferrando-Ortolá, Alejandro Suarez de la Rica, Ana Cuellar-Martínez, Sandra Marmaña-Mezquita, Alfredo Abad-Gurumeta, José M. Calvo-Vecino
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

<h3>Importance</h3> Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) care has been reported to be associated with improvements in outcomes after colorectal surgery compared with traditional care. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine the association between ERAS protocols and outcomes in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> The Postoperative Outcomes Within Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocol (POWER) Study is a multicenter, prospective cohort study of 2084 consecutive adults scheduled for elective colorectal surgery who received or did not receive care in a self-declared ERAS center. Patients were recruited from 80 Spanish centers between September 15 and December 15, 2017. All patients included in this analysis had 1 month of follow-up. <h3>Exposures</h3> Colorectal surgery and perioperative management were the exposures. Twenty-two individual ERAS items were assessed in all patients, regardless of whether they were included in an established ERAS protocol. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The primary study outcome was moderate to severe postoperative complications within 30 days after surgery. Secondary outcomes included ERAS adherence, mortality, readmissions, reoperation rates, and hospital length of stay. <h3>Results</h3> Between September 15 and December 15, 2017, 2084 patients were included in the study. Of these, 1286 individuals (61.7%) were men; mean age was 68 years (interquartile range [IQR], 59-77). A total of 879 patients (42.2%) presented with postoperative complications and 566 patients (27.2%) developed moderate to severe complications. The number of patients with moderate or severe complications was lower in the ERAS group (25.2% vs 30.3%; odds ratio [OR], 0.77; 95% CI, 0.63-0.94;<i>P</i> = .01). The overall rate of adherence to the ERAS protocol was 63.6% (IQR, 54.5%-77.3%), and the rate for patients from hospitals self-declared as ERAS was 72.7% (IQR, 59.1%-81.8%) vs non-ERAS institutions, which was 59.1% (IQR, 50.0%-63.6%;<i>P</i> &lt; .001). Adherence quartiles among patients receiving the highest and lowest ERAS components showed that the patients with the highest adherence rates had fewer moderate to severe complications (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.25-0.46;<i>P</i> &lt; .001), overall complications (OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.26-0.43;<i>P</i> &lt; .001), and mortality (OR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.07-0.97;<i>P</i> = .06) compared with those who had the lowest adherence rates. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> An increase in ERAS adherence appears to be associated with a decrease in postoperative complications.
Winners of 2011 Hippocrates Prize for poetry and medicine
Authors: Sarah Welsh
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The winners of the 2011 Hippocrates Prize for Poetry and Medicine were announced last month at the University of Warwick.

Founded in 2009, the prize honours the “doctor-poet” and the “patient-poet.” This year’s competition attracted 1500 entries from 23 countries, with professional and amateur poets submitting medical themed poetry.

Among the judges were: Steve Field, who heads the National Inclusion Health Board; Gwyneth Lewis, the first national poet of Wales; and Mark …
Changes in, and factors associated with, frequency of sex in Britain: evidence from three National Surveys of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal)
Authors: Kaye Wellings, Melissa J Palmer, Kazuyo Machiyama, Emma Slaymaker
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Abstract Objectives To examine changes over time in the reported frequency of occurrence of sex and associations between sexual frequency and selected variables. Design Repeat, cross sectional, population based National Surveys of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-1, Natsal-2, and Natsal-3). Setting British general population. Participants 18 876 men and women aged 16-59 and resident in Britain were interviewed in Natsal-1, completed in 1991; 11 161 aged 16-44 years in Natsal-2, completed in 2001, and 15 162 aged 16-74 years in Natsal-3, completed in 2012. Comparisons of actual and preferred sexual frequency in men and women aged 16-44 (the age range common to all surveys) between the three surveys. Factors associated with sexual frequency of at least once a week were examined using Natsal-3 data. Main outcome measures Sexual activity in the past month; frequency of sex in the past month; preferred frequency of sex. Results Median number of occasions of sex in the past month was four in Natsal-1 and Natsal-2 and three in Natsal-3 among women; and three in Natsal-1, Natsal-2, and Natsal-3 among men. The proportion reporting no sex in the past month fell between Natsal-1 and Natsal-2 (from 28.5% to 23.0% in women and from 30.9% to 26.0% in men) but increased significantly in Natsal-3 (to 29.3% in women and 29.2% in men). The proportion reporting sex 10 times or more in the past month increased between Natsal-1 and Natsal-2, from 18.4% to 20.6% in women and from 19.9% to 20.2% in men, but fell in Natsal-3, to 13.2% in woman and 14.4% in men. Participants aged 25 and over, and those married or cohabiting, experienced the steepest declines in sexual frequency (P values for interaction &lt;0.05). Alongside the declines in sexual frequency, there was an increase in the proportion reporting that they would prefer sex more often. Age adjusted odds ratios showed that men and women in better physical and mental health had sex more frequently, as did those who were fully employed and those with higher earnings. Conclusions Frequency of sex has declined recently in Britain, more markedly among those in early middle age and those who are married or cohabiting. The findings and their implications need to be explained in the context of technological, demographic, and social change in Britain and warrant further investigation.
Abstract ES12-3: BRCA 1/2/3 and p53 in replication fork stability
Authors: K Schlacher
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Genome instability is a hallmark of cancer, whereby the vast majority of cancer mutations are caused by defective DNA replication processes. BRCA and p53 genes are critical breast cancer suppressors and “guardians of the genome”. Genetically, BRCA and p53 are frequently found co-inactivated in breast cancer patients. The predominant molecular gene functions ascribed to BRCA genes lies in DNA repair, while p53 is best understood for its transcription activities. Yet these respective functions are insufficient to explain cancer patient genotypes and phenotypes. Recently, novel roles for BRCA and p53 genes in stabilizing DNA replication forks that are separable from their canonical functions have been described. During this session, we will review BRCA-p53 genetic collaborations during embryogenesis and cancer, with focus on their functional convergence at the level of DNA replication fork stability. We will further discuss BRCA/p53 DNA replication functions as critical new and distinct aspects for cancer therapy approaches and patient variant prediction. Citation Format: Schlacher K. BRCA 1/2/3 and p53 in replication fork stability [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES12-3.
Asthma‐chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap: Diagnostic stability and inflammatory characteristics
Authors: Georgios Patentalakis, Petros Bakakos, Anastasia Papaporfyriou, Georgios Papatheodorou, Georgios Hillas, Konstantinos Kostikas, Spyros Papiris, Nikolaos Koulouris, Stelios Loukides
Journal: Allergy (2019)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Hundreds of staff may have been harmed by bullying and harassment in NHS Highland
Authors: Bryan Christie
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Leaders of the health service in Scotland are to be brought together to examine how working relationships with staff can be improved in the wake of a series of reports of bullying and harassment.

The move follows publication of an independent inquiry into complaints raised at NHS Highland where doctors alleged “a culture of fear and intimidation” had existed for the past decade.1

The report compiled by John Sturrock said that while it was not possible to conclude that a bullying culture existed at NHS Highland, “it seems possible that many hundreds have experienced behaviour that is inappropriate. That seems far too many.”

The inquiry was commissioned by the Scottish government and health secretary Jeane …
Why Chinese medical students are walking away from medicine
Authors: Nian-Cun Qiu, Miao-E Liu, Ying Jiang
Journal: BMJ (2014)

We assume that all medical students want to be doctors. However, only one in six of the 600 000 Chinese medical students who have graduated in the past five years have chosen to continue their career in medicine.1 Medical schools report that the number of new students is falling and many healthcare workers discourage their children from following in their footsteps. What’s going wrong?

It starts with the length of training. It takes 11 years to become an independent doctor, and another 10 to become a senior medical officer.2 During this time friends of medical students, who studied for shorter degrees, may have become leaders or chief executives in other professional fields. The government does not subsidise any of our fees and we must find ways to fund our studies ourselves. Tuition fees vary widely, from around ¥5000 (£520; €660; $810) to ¥15 000 a year. Most medical students in China are supported financially by their families, putting themselves and their families under financial strain during this long period of training.

Once qualified, doctors face considerable professional pressure. …
Abstract P2-07-10: Not presented
Authors: H-B Lee, KE Kim, YW Ju, J-G Jung, H-S Ryu, SB Lee, JW Lee, HJ Lee, M-S Kim, S Kwon, J Kim, C Kim, H-G Moon, D-Y Noh, S-H Ahn, I-A Park, S Kim, S Yoon, A Kim, W Han
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Lee H-B, Kim KE, Ju YW, Jung J-G, Ryu H-S, Lee SB, Lee JW, Lee HJ, Kim M-S, Kwon S, Kim J, Kim C, Moon H-G, Noh D-Y, Ahn S-H, Park I-A, Kim S, Yoon S, Kim A, Han W. Not presented [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-07-10.
Abstract P6-20-06: Withdrawn
Authors: S Dann, J Chionis, K Eisele, Q Zhang, C Liu, J Yuan, N Miller, B Murray, M Xu, J Solowiej, P Wei, S Weinrich, S Sutton, D Behenna, S Ninkovic, R Hoffman, K Freeman-Cook, B Jessen, N Huser, C Zhang, R Visswanathan, B Boras, T VanArsdale, MA White
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract This abstract was withdrawn by the authors. Citation Format: Dann S, Chionis J, Eisele K, Zhang Q, Liu C, Yuan J, Miller N, Murray B, Xu M, Solowiej J, Wei P, Weinrich S, Sutton S, Behenna D, Ninkovic S, Hoffman R, Freeman-Cook K, Jessen B, Huser N, Zhang C, Visswanathan R, Boras B, VanArsdale T, White MA. Withdrawn [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-20-06.
Antinuclear antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence and solid phase assays
Authors: Xavier Bossuyt, Jolien Claessens, Ellen De Langhe, Thibaut Belmondo, Rene Westhovens, Sophie Hue, Koen Poesen, Daniel Blockmans, Michael Mahler, Marvin J Fritzler
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

Antinuclear antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence and solid phase assaysPisetsky et al recently reported substantial variability between two antinuclear antibodies (ANA) indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assays as well as one solid-phase assay (SPA) from different manufacturers in a study of a cross-sectional cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. 13][4][5][6] Bizzaro questioned whether ANA testing by IIF can CorrespondenceFigure 1 Results for IIF and CIA (A), and IIF and FEIA (B) obtained in patients with an AARD and controls.On the X-axis, the values obtained with automated IIF are given, on the Y-axis, the values obtained by SPA (CIA for panel A and FEIA for panel B).Cut-off values (thresholds) are indicated by dashed lines.For IIF, an additional threshold that corresponds to a specificity of 95% is given as well.The two cut-off values and the 95% IIF specificity value divides the figure into six section.For each section, the LR (with 95% CI) for AARD is given, as well as the fraction of AARD patients and controls that have such value.AARD, ANA-associated rheumatic disorders; ANA,
Abstract LB-242: Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) are not surrogate biomarkers of sporadic adenoma prevention with celecoxib: Results from the Adenoma Prevention with Celecoxib (APC) trial
Authors: Nancy L Cho, Mark Redston, Ann G. Zauber, Adelaide M Carothers, Jason L Hornick, Andrew Wilton, Stephen Sontag, Norman Nishioka, Frances Giardiello, John R Saltzman, Chris Gostout, Craig J Eagle, Ernest T. Hawk, Monica M Bertagnolli
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) are the earliest visible neoplastic lesions in the colorectum. The natural history of these lesions and their role in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence are unknown. We studied ACF in a subset of patients enrolled in the Adenoma Prevention with Celecoxib (APC) Trial to determine whether the presence of ACF in the rectum correlated with that of adenomas in the entire large intestine. Participants were randomized to placebo (n=17), celecoxib 200 mg bid (n=15), or celecoxib 400 mg bid (n=13). Magnification chromoendoscopy (MCE) was performed to identify and biopsy ACF within the rectum at baseline and after 8-12 months of medication use. A total of 670 ACF were identified in 45 patients, and 70 of these were examined histologically. All of the ACF examined were non-dysplastic. Analysis showed no differences in ACF number between baseline and post-treatment studies (8.3±1.0 vs. 6.3±1.1) and no modulation by treatment (celecoxib vs placebo; p=0.77). Immunohistochemical studies showed that ACF contained cells exhibiting increased proliferation, but lacked other features of neoplasia such as increased Cox-2 expression and microvascular density, nuclear localization of β-catenin, or decreased expression of the tumor suppressors SMAD4, estrogen receptor (ERα) or MGMT. Of the secondary markers assessed at baseline, only SMAD4 expression correlated with post-treatment adenoma recurrence. Taken together, these data showed that non-dysplastic ACF are not accurate surrogate endpoint biomarkers of colorectal adenoma risk or NSAID chemoprevention response.
Attending an autopsy assured me I had done all I could for my patient
Authors: Benjamin T Galen
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Few medical students take part in postmortem examinations of patients that they have examined and cared for. However, it is a valuable way to demonstrate pathology and can help to keep physical examination relevant.

Physical examination at the bedside often demonstrates pathology on a superficial level. All students need to recognise clinical signs and perform physical examination techniques as part of diagnostic reasoning.1 When a patient they have examined dies in hospital, a student has a unique opportunity to supplement the physical examination and other information about the patient with the results of a postmortem examination. The correlation between the autopsy results and the clinical assessment of disease can be illuminating.

Leaders in medical education are concerned that over-reliance on laboratory tests and imaging data has led to an “atrophy of bedside evaluation skills.”2 They worry that future students will view their patients purely through electronic data …
DOES THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE MAJOR PAPILLA INFLUENCE BILIARY CANNULATION? – A MULTICENTER PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: J Fernandes, M Moreira, T Araújo, I Costa, J Fonseca, S Giestas, H Ribeiro, F Lucas, D Libânio, D Martinez-Ares, G Alexandrino, L Lourenço, D Horta, J Reis, J Ramada, M Certo, J Canena, L Lopes
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Selective biliary duct cannulation is an essential prerequisite for biliary ERCP. Some authors suggest that the difficulty of biliary cannulation and the use of rescue techniques (rT) can be conditioned, among other factors, by the papillary morphology. We intend to evaluate if the duration of biliary cannulation, the existence of a difficult cannulation and the use of rT are influenced by the papillary morphology.
Abstract 2409: Loss of <i>L1TD1</i> suppresses Notch1 induced <i>LINE1</i> methylation and genomic stability
Authors: Chia-Chen Chiu, Wei-Chen Huang, Kuan-Der Lee, Chih-Cheng Chen, Chia-Chen Hsu, Mei-Ling Kang, Yu-Wei Leu, Shu-Huei Hsiao
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract The silencing of endogenous retrotransposon like LINE1 is critical for the maintenance of genomic stability and the LINE-1 type transposase domain containing 1 (L1TD1) gene possesses the repeated, putative LINE-1 RNA-binding domains and was hypothesized to regulate the activity of LINE-1 through DNA methylation. To verify if L1TD1 is responsible for LINE-1 silencing and the maintenance of somatic genome stability, CRSPR/Cas9 system was used to knockout (KO) L1TD1 locus in gastric, colon and breast cancer cells so as in the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We observed that L1TD1 KO blocked the entrance of SUV39H1, histone methyl transferase, into cell nuclear which suppressed the tri-methylation of histone 3 at lysine 9 (H3k9me3) and LINE-1 methylation. A global demethylation and reduced HP1α recruitment were also observed. The global distribution of CTCF binding loci was also distorted as well as the bivalent histone marks. Further, L1TD1 KO distorted normal distribution of RassF1A expression, cytoskeleton conformation and therefore cell stiffness. The MSC-to-neuron differentiation was also blocked by the KO. Further, we found that overexpressed Notch-1 increased DNA methylation within LINE1 promoter, and this increase was attenuated by L1TD1 KO. Therefore, we conclude that the external signals like Notch1 affect L1NE1 methylation and genome stability through possible LINE1 interacting L1TD1. Since L1TD1 hypermethylation was observed in colon (n=100), gastric (n=19) and breast (n=79) cancers, L1TD1 abnormality is then a candidate for cancer biomarker. (Supported by: MOST-105-2320-B-194-004, MOST-105-2314-B-182A-134, MOST Taiwan and CMRPG6F0092, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan) Citation Format: Chia-Chen Chiu, Wei-Chen Huang, Kuan-Der Lee, Chih-Cheng Chen, Chia-Chen Hsu, Mei-Ling Kang, Yu-Wei Leu, Shu-Huei Hsiao. Loss of L1TD1 suppresses Notch1 induced LINE1 methylation and genomic stability [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2409. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2409
Love and health
Authors: Oliver Ellis
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Welcome to February, arguably the most depressing month of the year. Not only is it cold, damp, and cheerless, but we have Valentine’s day to contend with.

The Valentine’s corporate juggernaut is well under way by now, pitilessly driving those with significant others to shell out for tacky cards, sickly chocolates, and overpriced restaurant meals. Meanwhile single people find themselves alienated and wishing they …