tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The role of F-18 FDG PET/CT and breast MRI in the management of breast cancer
Authors: A. Iagaru, R. Masamed, H. Silberman, S. Keesara, P. S. Conti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

10778 Background: F-18 FDG PET/CT combines functional and morphologic information in a single study, thus becoming a powerful imaging tool for diagnosis, staging and establishing the response to therapy in various malignancies, including breast cancer (BC). Breast MRI (BMRI) is gaining a major role in the management of high risk BC patients (pts), demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity for detection of small lesions. It is not clear whether to request both studies prior to therapy or opt only for one. We were therefore prompted to review our experience with PET/CT and BMRI in BC. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 21 pts with BC, 30–76 years old (average: 52±13.5), who had BMRI and PET/CT from June 2002 to May 2005. 6 pts (group A) had BMRI and PET/CT in the preoperative period (3–78 days, average: 25) and 15 pts (group B) had BMRI and PET/CT as follow-up after surgery (4–175 days, average: 51.3). The interval between the PET/CT and BMRI ranged 2–188 days (average: 52.7). Specificities and sensitivities for BC and metastases detection using PET/CT and MRI were calculated using pathology (17 pts) or clinical follow-up (4 pts) as gold standard. Results: In group A, BMRI identified BC in 4 pts, while PET/CT did so in 5 pts. All were proven to be malignancy on pathology. In group B, BMRI detected recurrent BC in 8 pts, with 88.9% sensitivity (95% CI: 56.5–98) and 83.3% specificity (95% CI: 43.6–96.9). In the same patient population, PET/CT was 33.3% sensitive and 91.7% specific. As a whole body exam, PET/CT revealed metastases in 6 pts (100% sensitive and 90% specific). Overall, sensitivities and specificities for BC detection were 85.7% (95% CI: 60.1–95.9) and 85.7% (95% CI: 48.7–97.4) for breast MRI, and 75% (95% CI: 40.9–92.8) and 92.3% (95% CI: 66.7–98.6) for PET/CT. Conclusions: BMRI is more sensitive than PET/CT for detection of breast lesions. However, PET/CT detected distant metastases in 6 of the 21 pts (100% sensitive, 90% specific). Larger prospective studies, with the addition of dedicated breast PET and dual time imaging are needed to define the sequence of studies during initial work-up. Our study suggests that PET/CT and BMRI should be considered complimentary imaging tools in the pre- and perioperative work-up of pts diagnosed with BC and at high risk for metastatic disease. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Less Toxic, More Effective Treatment—A Win-Win for Patients With Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Paul Nghiem, Song Youn Park
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
A New Tool for HbF Quantification Demonstrates That Hydroxyurea Decreases Mostly RBCs Containing Very Low Amounts of HbF
Authors: Rakotoson Marie Georgine, Marie Cambot, Gwellaouen Bodivit, Gaetana Di Liberto, Philippe Chadebech, Nicolas Hebert, Benoit Vingert, Anoosha Habibi, Sadaf Pakdaman, Alicia Jouard, Frédéric Galactéros, Pablo Bartolucci
Journal: Blood (2017)
Advanced Forms of the Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Are Associated with Chromosomal Abnormalities Involving 1q and 12q: Implicating MDM2 and MDM4 in Disease Progression
Authors: Bridget Marcellino, Joseph Tripodi, Min Lu, Heidi Kosiorek, John Mascarenhas, Raajit K. Rampal, Amylou Constance Dueck, Ronald Hoffman, Vesna Najfeld
Journal: Blood (2017)
Non-oncologist physician knowledge of radiation therapy at an urban community hospital.
Authors: Evan Siau, Hernando Salazar, Jonathan Klein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

10534 Background: Appropriate referral for radiation therapy (RT) is crucial for cancer care. Previous work suggests that many non-radiation oncologists who care for cancer patients are uncomfortable referring for RT. We surveyed physicians in a community hospital in Bronx, New York to assess their training in RT and understanding of RT. Methods: Invitations to complete an online questionnaire were sent to all faculty and resident physicians at St. Barnabas Hospital. The questionnaire asked about previous training in oncology, RT knowledge self-rating and an objective knowledge assessment of RT indications and effectiveness. Statistical analysis used Pearson chi-square and Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and Student’s t-test and ANOVA for interval variables. Results: 247 participants received the invitation email, and 87 responded (35% response rate). Among responders, 19 were attending physicians (22%) and 66 (76%) were residents (2 failed to disclose). 51 respondents (59%) were from Internal Medicine (IM) and 20 (24%) from Emergency Medicine. 72% of respondents reported caring for &gt; 5 cancer patients in the past month, but 45% (37% of IM respondents) never refer patients for RT. 71% of respondents stated they received no formal radiation oncology training in medical school, and 47% reported no oncology training at all. Pluralities believed themselves to be “somewhat knowledgeable” about RT indications (49%), benefits (53%), and side effects (55%). Objective assessment mean score was 6.2/12 (median 7) for all respondents. IM respondents scored higher than others (mean 7.7 vs 3.5; p &lt; 0.001), but only 28% of IM respondents (0% of others) scored 10/12 or higher. Scores did not differ between attending and resident physicians (p = 0.75), resident PGY level (p = 0.43), or receiving oncology training in medical school (p = 0.54). Factors cited by &gt; 50% as affecting RT referral decisions either “somewhat” or “a lot” were: type of cancer, patient wishes, family wishes, poor functional status, and life expectancy. Conclusions: Many physicians are unaware of RT effectiveness or indications, which may affect referral patterns. Previous oncology training was not associated with higher knowledge scores.
Clinical impact of neutropenia and febrile neutropenia in mCRC pts treated with FOLFOXIRI/bevacizumab (bev): A pooled analysis of TRIBE and TRIBE2 studies.
Authors: Daniele Rossini, Andrea Sbrana, Francesca Bergamo, Chiara Manai, Daniele Santini, Michele Ghidini, Carlotta Antoniotti, Roberto Moretto, Federica Marmorino, Federica Urbano, Monica Ronzoni, Silvia Noventa, Giovanni Randon, Chiara Carlomagno, Tiziana Pia Latiano, Stefano Sergio Cordio, Cristina Granetto, Chiara Cremolini, Alfredo Falcone, Andrea Antonuzzo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

11591 Background: FOLFOXIRI/bev is a valid option as first-line therapy for unresectable mCRC. TRIBE and TRIBE2 trials reported better activity and efficacy of the triplet/bev when compared with doublets/bev at the price of a higher incidence of chemo-related toxicities, including neutropenia (N). Here we aim at providing a detailed description of this adverse event, including the occurrence of febrile neutropenia (FN) and the use of granulocyte-colony stimulating factors (G-CSFs), in order to estimate the clinical relevance of N during FOLFOXIRI/bev. Methods: Safety data of 1175 pts enrolled in the TRIBE and TRIBE2 studies were reviewed. The incidence of N, the incidence and severity of FN, and the use of G-CSF in the triplet/bev and in the doublets/bev arms were compared using the Chi-square or the Fisher exact test as appropriate. Results: Out of 1175 pts included in the final analysis, 586 (49.8%) were treated with FOLFOXIRI/bev. Five pts (0.8%) in the doublets/bev arms and 29 (4.9%) in the triplet/bev arms received a primary prophylaxis with G-CSF. Among other pts, 118 (20.2%) in the doublets/bev arms and 276 (49.9%) in the triplet/bev arms experienced ≥ G3 N (p &lt; 0.001). FN occurred in 25 (4.3%) and 41 (7.4%) cases respectively (p=0.041). Out of 78 FN episodes, 4 (13.3%) out of 30 in the doublets/bev arms and 13 out of 48 (27.1%) in the triplet/bev arms were associated with a poor MASCC score (&lt;21) (p=0.17). G-CSF was used in 1069 (10.8%) cycles, 270 (5.3%) in doublets/bev and 799 (16.6%) in triplet/bev arms. In both arms, the majority of N and FN episodes were observed in the first two months (318 ≥ G3 N episodes out of 675 (47.1%), and 54 FN episodes out of 78 (69.2%)). Conclusions: FOLFOXIRI/bev was associated with a higher risk of N and FN than doublets/bev. However, the risk of FN was lower than 10%, thus not requiring a systematic use of primary G-CSF prophylaxis. The majority of FN episodes was associated with a good MASCC score, thus having a limited clinical impact. The vast majority of FN episodes occurred in the first two months of treatment, suggesting a closer monitoring of this adverse event during the first courses of therapy.
P11.16 The stemness andinvasiveness of glioblastoma tumorspheres were suppressed by combined treatment with2’-hydroxycinnamaldehyde andtemozolomide
Authors: W Kim
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive human primary brain malignancy. The key properties of GBM, stemness and invasiveness, are known to be associated with a highly unfavorable prognosis. Notably, the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is closely related to the progression of GBM. On the basis of reports that 2′-hydroxycinnamaldehyde (HCA) and its derivative, 2′-benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde (BCA), suppresses EMT in several human cancer cells, we sought to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of HCA and BCA, alone and in combination with temozolomide (TMZ), on GBM tumorspheres (TSs). MATERIAL AND METHODS Two human GBM TSs were treated with HCA, BCA, or TMZ. Therapeutic effects were evaluated by measuring ATP levels, neurosphere formation, 3D-invasion in collagen matrix, and viability. Protein expression profiles after drug treatment were evaluated by western blotting. In vivo anticancer efficacy of drugs was examined in a mouse orthotopic xenograft model. RESULTS Combined treatment of GBM TSs with HCA or BCA and TMZ significantly reduced cell viability, stemness, and invasiveness. Expression levels of stemness-, invasiveness-, and mesenchymal transition-associated markers, Zeb1, N-cadherin, and β-catenin, were also substantially decreased by the combined treatment. The combined treatment also reduced tumor growth in a mouse orthotopic xenograft model. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that HCA and BCA, combined with TMZ, are potential therapeutic agents in the treatment of GBM.
P11.15 Exosomal MicroRNA expression profiling altered by high TRAP1 expression in glioblastoma
Authors: J Wu
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) is a mitochondrial molecular chaperone, which regulates the steady state transition between cellular aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. In contrast to normal brain, Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) shows increased TRAP1 expression. However, the mechanisms responsible for metabolic switch mediated by TRAP1 have not been fully elucidated. Exosomes have been recently implicated in an emerging hallmark of cancer, the cancer cell metabolism. In this study, we studied whether the high expression of TRAP1 can affect the expression profile of miRNAs in the exosomes released by GBM, thus affecting the cell metabolism in the tumor microenvironment. MATERIAL AND METHODS We examined the expression profile of miRNAs in exosomes secreted by T98G GBM cell lines or T98G GBM cell lines depleted of TRAP1. The cancer-secreted exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation of the culture supernatant, and total RNAs, including miRNAs, were extracted from the isolated exosomes and subjected to miRNA microarray, and 3 miRNAs were further validated using qPCR. Target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were the intersection predicted with 3 databases(Targetscan,microRNAorg,PITA). GO analysis and KEGG analysis were applied to determine the roles of these target genes. RESULTS Expression profiling of exosomal miRNA revealed significant downregulation of 237 miRNAs and upregulation of 134 miRNAs after deletion of TRAP1 in T98G GBM cell lines, while 3 of the upregulated miRNAs were further validated using qPCR. We found that these 3 miRNAs (hsa-miR-30e-5p,hsa-miR-1291,hsa-miR-300) showed a correlation with tumor cell glycolysis through literature searching and cross-searching of three microRNA databases. CONCLUSION We demonstrate high expression of TRAP1 can affect the expression profile of miRNAs in the exosomes released by GBM, that might reprogram the metabolic machinery following their uptake by other cells in the tumor microenvironment.
Mindfulness and concerns about adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET).
Authors: Norah Lynn Henry, Eli Iacob, Kathi Mooney, Eric Garland
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

e23170 Background: Poor adherence to AET for early stage breast cancer is associated with increased recurrence and mortality. Interventions to improve adherence have been minimally effective. Mindfulness is paying attention on purpose in the present moment with an attitude of openness and acceptance. In this cross-sectional study, we examined clinicopathologic, and psychosocial factors, including dispositional mindfulness, associated with increased concerns about medication. Methods: Women with stage 1-3 breast cancer who had taken at least one dose of AET within 2 years of enrollment completed questionnaires to examine medication beliefs (Beliefs about Medication Questionnaire), symptoms (FACT-ES), treatment satisfaction (Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication II), and mindfulness (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-15). Descriptive statistics were used for demographic and clinical variables. Linear regression was used to examine the associations between medication concerns and both treatment satisfaction and mindfulness measures. Results: Of the 101 enrolled patients, 43 were taking tamoxifen, 46 an aromatase inhibitor (AI), and 12 had discontinued AET; average time on AET was 11 months (SD 6.3). 32% had stage 2 disease and 22% had stage 3. Concerns about medications was moderately negatively correlated with mindfulness (ρ = -0.349, p &lt; 0.001). In the baseline model, medication concerns were associated with increased side effects but not with age at diagnosis, stage, or current AET status. When controlling for age, stage, current AET status, and side effects, there was a trend towards increased mindfulness and decreased medication concerns. Conclusions: Dispositional mindfulness may be associated with fewer concerns about medication. If mindfulness is shown to influence medication adherence, interventions such as mindfulness training to improve compliance with AET could be investigated.
Class I histone deacetylase inhibition is synthetic lethal with BRCA1 deficiency in breast cancer cells
Authors: Baoyuan Zhang, Junfang Lyu, Eun Ju Yang, Yifan Liu, Changjie Wu, Lakhansing Pardeshi, Kaeling Tan, Qiang Chen, Xiaoling Xu, Chu-Xia Deng, Joong Sup Shim
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2019)

Breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) is a tumor suppressor gene, which is frequently mutated in breast and ovarian cancers. BRCA1 plays a key role in the homologous recombination directed DNA repair, allowing its deficiency to act as a therapeutic target of DNA damaging agents. In this study, we found that inhibition of the class I histone deacetylases (HDAC) exhibited synthetic lethality with BRCA1 deficiency in breast cancer cells. Transcriptome profiling and validation study showed that HDAC inhibition enhanced the expression of thioredoxin interaction protein (TXNIP), causing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated DNA damage. This effect induced preferential apoptosis in BRCA1−/− breast cancer cells where DNA repair system is compromised. Two animal experiments and gene expression-associated patients' survival analysis further confirmed in vivo synthetic lethality between BRCA1 and HDAC. Finally, the combination of inhibitors of HDAC and bromodomain and extra-terminal motif (BET), another BRCA1 synthetic lethality target that also works through oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage, showed a strong anticancer effect in BRCA1−/− breast cancer cells. Together, this study provides a new therapeutic strategy for BRCA1-deficient breast cancer by targeting two epigenetic machineries, HDAC and BET.
Annals Story Slam - There's No Place Like (Project) Home
Authors: Rebecca Brown, Cerissa Zenor Clark
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

Web Exclusives3 September 2019Annals Story Slam - There's No Place Like (Project) HomeFREERebecca Brown, OTS and Cerissa Zenor Clark, OTSRebecca Brown, OTSSearch for more papers by this author and Cerissa Zenor Clark, OTSSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/W19-0018 SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Video. Annals Story Slam - There's No Place Like (Project) Home "There's No Place Like (Project) Home," by Rebecca Brown, OTS, and Cerissa Zenor Clark, OTS (Duration 5:29)Building on the popular Annals feature “On Being a Doctor,” storytellers share stories about the experience of doctoring on video.For more videos from and information on Annals Story Slam, visit go.annals.org/StorySlam. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 3 September 2019Volume 171, Issue 5Page: SS1 ePublished: 3 September 2019 Issue Published: 3 September 2019 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2019 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Pragmatic trials: lab meets bedside
Authors: G. Kirtschig, S. Lo, J. Batchelor
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

The statistical experiment, known in medicine as the randomized controlled trial (RCT), is an intersection between man and mathematics. RCTs have the potential to minimize the risk of bias (threats to internal validity), including selection bias,1,2 and are considered the gold standard for assessing intervention effect. But, as noted by Archie Cochrane, there is a snag: randomization does not, of itself, ensure external validity; the applicability of a trial's results will apply only to a situation in which the trial was done.3 It is thus possible for a trial to be free of bias and yet to be of no relevance beyond the immediate setting, patients and practitioners among whom it was conducted. This question of applicability, also called translational research, is central to those who have to choose between therapies for groups of patients (policy makers), for their own patients (clinicians) or for themselves (patients and families). It has to be decided how likely it is that a particular treatment (apparently successful in a trial) will achieve important benefits in a given context.
IL-17A secreted from lymphatic endothelial cells promotes tumorigenesis by upregulation of PD-L1 in hepatoma stem cells
Authors: Yuanyan Wei, Danfang Shi, Ziwei Liang, Yuming Liu, Yinan Li, Yang Xing, Weitao Liu, Zhilong Ai, Jianhui Zhuang, Xiaoning Chen, Qiang Gao, Jianhai Jiang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
P03.12 Complete versus incomplete resection in newly diagnosed Glioblastoma: Impact on functional Outcome
Authors: M A Proescholdt, A Haj, C Doenitz, K Schebesch, A Brawanski
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Surgical resection of (GBM) has three goals: Tissue acquision to establish a histological and molecular diagnosis, prolongation of survival and improvement of neurological impairment. Regarding survival gain, complete resection is superior to incomplete resection. However, no data are available, whether complete resection also has a higher impact on neurological improvement rates compared to incomplete resection. The goal of our study was to compare the reduction of focal neurological deficits and improvement of functional independency in newly diagnosed GBM patients receiving a complete vs. incomplete resection. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cohort of 299 patients (mean age 60.6 year; female/male ratio 124/175) were included. Neurological and functional independence status was measured by the medical research neurological performance status (NPS), the Karnofsky performance score (KPS) and the presence of seizures. Focal neurological impairment regarding hemiparesis, aphasia visual field (VFD) and cranial nerve deficits (CND) was recorded and semi - quantitatively rated pre- and postoperatively as well as at follow up. The extent of resection (EOR) was analyzed using early postoperative MRI scanning and was classified in either complete (CR), incomplete (IR) resection. RESULTS The complete and incomplete resection groups were balanced regarding gender, age, preoperative KPS, MGMT and IDH1 status. Median overall survival (OS) was 14.5 months, showing a significant benefit of complete resection (17.9 vs. 11.5; p = 0.0001). Impaired KPS was detected in 87.9%, epileptic seizures were displayed by 31.4% of all patients, the most frequent focal deficit was aphasia with 25.1%, followed by CND (20.1%) and hemiparesis (17.1%). KPS was improved in 45.6%, seizures were reduced in 91.5%, the highest improvement of focal deficit was achieved in CND (71.7%) the lowest in VFD (44.8%). Complete resection did achieve a higher improvement rate in hemiparesis (79.1% vs. 49.8%; p = 0.03) and seizure activity (97.7% vs. 86.3%; p = 0.04). In all other domains the improvement rates after complete resection were not significantly different to incomplete resection. Finally, complete resection did not show a higher rate of postsurgical worsening rate in any of the domains. CONCLUSION Complete resection is safe and does convey superior improvement rates of epileptic seizures and hemiparesis.