tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 13504: RV Cardiac Output Calculated From an Implantable Hemodynamic Device: A Correlative Approach Using CMR in PAH Patients
Authors: Robert W Biederman, Mark Doyle, Geetha Rayarao, Jason White, Diane Thompson, June Yamrozik, Ronald Williams, Priscilla Correa-Jaque, Raymond Benza
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: The CardioMEMS™ HF System (CMHFS)(St. Jude) is used for wireless monitoring of pulmonary artery (PA) pressure. Pulmonary flow is difficult to model due to prominent reflected waves and McDonald et al have shown that the temporal differential of the initial positive pressure pulse effectively provides the flow driving force for cardiac output (CO), with mean pressure indicating resistance. However, the response of this model to stress conditions in vivo is unknown. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that the temporal differentiation of pressure model of CO applied to the CMHRS data at baseline and during stress provides an accurate calculation of noninvasive CO in PAH. Methods: 10 pts with PAH were implanted with the CMHFS to measure PA pressure, HR, and CO longitudinally. Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) was performed at baseline, and after 1) inhalation of nitric oxide (20 ppm), 2) dobutamine (20 μcg/kg/min), and 3) volumetric challenge (500ml NaCl). Flow through the MPA was measured using phase velocity mapping. The mean pressure and area of the temporal differential of the initial positive pressure pulse from the CMHFS device were measured (Fig 1A) to calculate CO. In each case the calibrating constant to relate to CMR CO was calculated at baseline and then applied during stress. Results: The pressure derived CO correlated with CMR CO via a linear relationship for 32 comparison measures according to the following equation: Pressure CO = 1.1 CMR CO + 0.8Bland-Altman analysis has an offset bias of 0.2, a four standard deviation range of ±3.1 l/m and a correlation of 0.9. (Fig 1B). Conclusions: The temporal differential of the initial positive pressure pulse forms the effective driving force for pulmonary blood supply. This formulation overcomes the difficulties in identifying reflected waves and is highly responsive to stress conditions and may advance current prototypes. This approach may provide additional value once validated for implantable PA manometers.
Abstract 2100: Inhibition of androgen-independent growth of LNCaP xenograft tumors in immunodeficient mice by a combination of atorvastatin (Lipitor) and celecoxib (Celebrex)
Authors: Xi Zheng, Xiao-Xing Cui, Mou-Tuan Huang, Yue Liu, Raphael Paulino, Arnold Rabson, Bandaru Reddy, Allan H. Conney
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Epidemiological studies indicate that statins and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may reduce the risk of prostate cancer. In the present study, we assessed the effects of Lipitor and Celebrex alone or in combination on androgen-independent growth of human prostate cancer LNCaP cells cultured in vitro or grown as xenograft tumors in immunodeficient mice. In the in vitro studies, LNCaP cells were cultured in medium supplemented with charcoal-stripped fetal bovine serum to mimic androgen-deprivation treatment. We found that treatment of LNCaP cells cultured in androgen-depleted medium with Lipitor or Celebrex alone resulted in growth inhibition and apoptosis. A combination of Lipitor and Celebrex had more potent effects on growth inhibition and apoptosis than either agent alone. In animal studies, severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice were injected subcutaneously with LNCaP cells in Matrigel. After 4-6 weeks, mice with LNCaP tumors (about 0.6 cm wide and 0.6 cm long) were surgically castrated and received daily i.p injections with vehicle, Lipitor (10 μg/g body weight/day), Celebrex (10 μg/g/day) or a combination of Lipitor (5 μg/g/day) and Celebrex (5 μg/g/day) for 42 days. In the vehicle control group, LNCaP tumors regressed initially in response to castration and then re-grew in 2 weeks after castration to develop androgen-independent tumors. Treatment of the mice with Lipitor or Celebrex alone suppressed the re-growth of LNCaP tumors after castration. A combination of low doses of Lipitor and Celebrex had a more potent effect for inhibiting the androgen-independent growth of LNCaP tumors than a higher dose of either agent alone. The results from our study indicate that a combination of Lipitor and Celebrex may be an effective strategy for the prevention of prostate cancer progression from androgen-dependence to an androgen-independent stage.
Recommendations for Successful Transition of Adolescents With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases to Adult Care
Authors: Jordan M. Shapiro, Hashem B. El-Serag, Cassandra Gandle, Cynthia Peacock, Lee A. Denson, Laurie N. Fishman, Ruben Hernaez, Jason K. Hou
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2019)
First night on call: are we safe?
Authors: Justine Talken-Sinclair
Journal: BMJ (2013)

As junior doctors we are often expected to manage large numbers of patients alone and with little senior support. Are others’ expectations of us unrealistic? My first night on call as an SHO (second year junior doctor) certainly made me think so.

I had just begun work in obstetrics and gynaecology. At the start of the night a stressed out SHO handed me the on-call bleeper. She clearly had had a busy day and did not seem particularly interested in talking, let alone in imparting any golden nuggets of wisdom for a new SHO about to …
Abstract P1-11-18: Measuring severe anxiety in patients with metastatic breast cancer: Living up to the PROMIS
Authors: C Marquez, Y Li, C-Y Huang, H Rugo, M Rabow, M Melisko, L Esserman
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Purpose/Objective(s): Symptom burden in the advanced cancer patient can be substantial. PROMIS (Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System) is a powerful PRO symptom assessment tool that is increasingly being utilized at the point of care through patient-facing electronic health record (EHR) systems. However, the PROMIS threshold (T-score) for detecting severe anxiety has not been previously validated for patients with advanced breast cancer. The sensitivity/specificity of current expert derive threshold T-score of &amp;gt;/=75 in this specific population is not known. In this study, we compared PROMIS scores with the PRO-CTCAE anxiety instrument—a standard PRO tool used in the setting of clinical trials that assesses anxiety frequency, severity, and interference with usual activities—to examine the best T-score to use for PROMIS to guide management in advanced breast cancer care. Materials/Methods: A total of 84 unique visits of 74 English speaking patients on active cancer treatment for metastatic breast cancer were assessed using electronic PROMIS CAT (Computer Adaptive Test) and PRO-CTCAE at the UCSF Carol Buck Breast Cancer Center. Assessment forms were displayed on a touch screen tablet and completed by the patient at check-in for weekly treatment visits. PRO-CTCAE anxiety questions were graded on a scale of 1 (none) to 5 (disabling). Any score of grade &amp;gt;/=4 (severe to disabling) for frequency, severity or interference was defined as severe anxiety. Results: There was a strong correlation of PROMIS T-score and maximum PRO-CTCAE grade (highest grade of frequency, severity, or interference); Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.77 (P= &amp;lt;0.001). No patients reached the expert derived severe threshold of PROMIS T-score 75. Highest PROMIS T-score was 69 (range, 33-69). 11 patients reported severe or disabling anxiety by PRO-CTCAE at one visit. Area under the ROC analysis identified a cutoff that maximizes Youden's index at 55.05—sensitivity = 100% (95% CI) and specificity = 63% (95% CI). Conclusion: Electronic systems with integrated patient reported outcomes (PROs) along with validated thresholds to identify severe anxiety will allow for systematic identification of symptoms at point of care and the opportunity to respond rapidly to those symptoms most distressing to patients. Citation Format: Marquez C, Li Y, Huang C-Y, Rugo H, Rabow M, Melisko M, Esserman L. Measuring severe anxiety in patients with metastatic breast cancer: Living up to the PROMIS [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-11-18.
Abstract P2-03-12: Role of nucleus-specific intergenic long noncoding RNA-1476 in estrogen-dependent transcription in cancer
Authors: R Choudhari, AL Harrison, CN Carrillo, SS Gadad
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key regulators of diverse cellular processes, but their roles in cancer biology are just beginning to be elucidated. Previous work using Global Run-On sequencing (GRO-seq) to study the transcriptome of MCF-7 breast cancer cells identified a large number of unannotated noncoding RNAs. Integration of RNA-seq data from subcellular fractionated RNA (i.e., cytoplasm, nucleoplasm, and chromatin-associated) with GRO-seq data using a novel bioinformatics pipeline has yielded a comprehensive catalog of &amp;gt;1900 polyadenylated lncRNAs in MCF-7 cells, about half of which have not been annotated previously and about a quarter of which are estrogen-regulated. Analysis of RNA-seq data from hundreds of samples representing 13 different cancer and normal tissue types, revealed that many lncRNAs are differentially expressed in various cancers. Furthermore, a large number of lncRNAs show distinct expression patterns across molecular subtypes of cancer. In functional assays, Kaplan Meier analysis of selected lncRNA, such as lncRNA 1476, predicts clinical outcome in ER-positive cancer and is transcriptionally upregulated in MCF-7 cells upon estrogen treatment. LncRNA1476 has now been fully annotated (transcription start and stop site, 5' cap, polyA tail, and exon/intron structure), and cloned. Molecular analyses indicate that lncRNA1476 plays a critical role in ER-dependent pathway. Collectively, our results suggest that lncRNAs are essential in controlling biological processes. Supported by a grant from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas to S.S.G Citation Format: Choudhari R, Harrison AL, Carrillo CN, Gadad SS. Role of nucleus-specific intergenic long noncoding RNA-1476 in estrogen-dependent transcription in cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-03-12.
Abstract CS1-1: Polygenic risk scores for breast cancer: Ready or not?
Authors: D Evans
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract There are increasing attempts to try to stratify cancer risks to enable more targeted early detection and prevention strategies and in particular to balance the risks and benefits of population screening for breast cancer. An increasing number of common genetic variants called Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified which alter breast cancer risk. Although individually their effect sizes are small they can be used multiplicatively to provide a polygenic risk score (PRS) that accurately predicts risk in both the familial and population setting. Although the first 18 SNPs produce a highly calibrated PRS that is ready for use there are now PRSs of 143 or even 313 SNPs that increase risk stratification although with some loss of calibration. Using data from 9362 women in the Predicting the Risk Of Cancer At Screening (PROCAS) study (500 prospective cancers) and 2000 women in the FH-Risk familial cohort (500 prospective cancers) we have validated the PRS alongside mammographic density (density residual-DR) and standard risk factors to assess future risk of different types of breast cancer. The combined score accurately predicts breast cancers rates with 18-21% of women being predicted in the moderate or high risk categories (≥5% 10 year risk) that developed 41.5-45% of the stage 2+ cancers. In contrast SNP143 is able to identify alongside density and standard risk factors 21% of the general population at &amp;lt;1.4% 10-year risk aged 46-73 years who develop only 9% of the breast cancers. These are also more likely to be potentially 'overdiagnosed' grade 1 and DCIS. The SNP143 is also predictive for oestrogen receptor negative cancers using a 20 SNP PRS. Conclusions: A combined approach using Tyrer-Cuzick, mammographic density and a PRS provides accurate risk stratification not only overall but also for worse prognosis cancers. This provides support for reducing screening intervals in the high and increasing them in the low risk groups. It is high time these highly informative tests were used in risk stratification Citation Format: Evans D. Polygenic risk scores for breast cancer: Ready or not? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr CS1-1.
NICE plans new standard for fetal alcohol disorders
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2019)

A quality standard on fetal alcohol disorders is set to be developed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). The announcement came as a charity’s report showed that clinical commissioning groups are failing to commission services for people with neurodevelopmental disorders arising from exposure to alcohol in the womb.1

The Department of Health and Social Care informed the All Party Parliamentary Group on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) that the quality standard will be based on Scottish guidelines published in April.2 The MPs were discussing Crisis in Commissioning ,1 the report published by the National Organisation for Foetal Alcohol Syndrome-UK (NOFAS-UK).

For its report the charity sent …
A career in sport and exercise medicine
Authors: Guy Evans
Journal: BMJ (2016)

From helping an athlete win an Olympic medal to encouraging a sedentary patient to begin an exercise programme, sport and exercise medicine doctors need enthusiasm, a wide range of clinical skills, and a good understanding of human motivation.

A career in sport and exercise medicine involves skilled diagnoses and treatment of many musculoskeletal conditions; however, it is not just about musculoskeletal medicine. The role entails being flexible and working in a multidisciplinary team. It can include helping elite athletes achieve their best, amateur sportspeople bounce back from injury, and people with chronic illnesses such as diabetes manage their condition and improve their health through exercise medicine. You might work in primary or secondary care or in NHS clinics or within recreational, professional, or disability sport—many people juggle a portfolio career.

The aim of sport and exercise medicine is to enable and encourage people to take part safely in physical activity and sport throughout life, at whatever level is right for them. During a varied four year training programme, which starts after completing specialty training year 2 (ST2), you’ll learn about musculoskeletal and exercise medicine, disease prevention, rehabilitation, psychology, and wellbeing in the workplace.

#### Common cases in sport and exercise medicine

1.  Safe exercise for beginners— How would you advise an obese 50 year old man who has type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and patella-femoral knee pain who wants to become more physically active? Although exercise can help patients improve general health, lose weight, and reduce cardiovascular risk, you need to balance the risks for someone unused to exercise who already has …
Effect of behavioural-educational intervention on sleep for primiparous women and their infants in early postpartum: multisite randomised controlled trial
Authors: Helen L Ball, Charlotte K Russell
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The paper

Abstract

Objective —To evaluate the effectiveness of a behavioural-educational sleep intervention delivered in the early postpartum period in improving maternal and infant sleep.

Design —Randomised controlled trial.

Setting —Postpartum units of two university affiliated hospitals in Canada.

Participants —246 primiparous women and their infants randomised while in hospital using an internet based randomisation service to intervention (n=123) or usual care (n=123) groups.

Interventions —The behavioural-educational sleep intervention included a 45-60 minute meeting with a nurse to discuss information on sleep and strategies to promote maternal and infant sleep, a 20 page booklet with the content discussed, and phone contacts at one, two, and four weeks post partum to reinforce information, provide support, and solve problems. The usual care group received calls at weeks 1, 2, and 4 to maintain contact without provision of advice.

Main outcome measures —Primary outcome was maternal nocturnal (9 pm to 9 am) sleep (minutes) and secondary outcome was longest stretch of infant nocturnal sleep (minutes) measured at six and 12 weeks post partum by actigraphy (sleep-wake cycles assessed by measuring body movement). Other outcomes measured at six and 12 weeks were number of maternal and infant night time awakenings measured by actigraphy, fatigue visual analogue scale, general sleep disturbance scale, and Edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Rates of exclusive breast feeding were measured at 12 weeks post partum only.

Results —All women who completed any outcome measures at six or 12 weeks were included in analysis. Sleep outcomes were completed at one or both of six and 12 weeks post partum for 215 of 246 (87%) women (110/123 intervention and 105/123 usual care). Longitudinal mixed effects model analyses …
How to choose the right medical school for you
Authors: Rashmi Patel
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The United Kingdom has 35 medical schools, and it is possible to apply to four in a single UCAS (Universities and Colleges Admissions Service) application. All offer medical degrees that are recognised by the General Medical Council to practise as a doctor in the United Kingdom,1 but with so many available, choosing which to apply to might seem daunting. In this article I outline some aspects to consider, including course structure, type of university, location, entrance requirements, and league table rankings.

Medical students are expected to acquire scientific knowledge relevant to a career in medicine and develop skills in clinical assessment and management of people who are unwell. Although graduates of all UK medical schools will have developed the necessary knowledge and skills to practise safely as a doctor, the course structure and teaching methods to achieve this vary between schools. It is worth considering your style of learning when choosing between them. There are three main types of course: traditional, integrated, and problem based learning.

### Traditional

This type of course is available at Oxford, Cambridge, and St Andrews. The course is often split into two parts: a three year preclinical course followed by a three year clinical course. During the preclinical course, students attend lectures, small group teaching, and practical classes on basic medical sciences including anatomy (taught by cadaveric dissection), physiology, biochemistry, pathology, pharmacology, and neurosciences. During the clinical course, students undertake placements in hospitals, clinics, and general practice surgeries to gain experience in clinical assessment and management of patients. Sometimes there is the opportunity to study at more than one university. Students at St Andrews move to other universities in Scotland or England to study the clinical half of their degree. A traditional course is ideal for students who would like to develop a firm grounding in …
Reply to: Malnutrition in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: the great forgotten comorbidity!
Authors: Sebastiano Emanuele Torrisi, Brett Ley, Michael Kreuter, Marlies Wijsenbeek, Eric Vittinghoff, Harold R. Collard, Carlo Vancheri
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2019)

<b>The role of malnutrition in IPF remains uncertain and should be considered a consequence of the disease and not a comorbid condition. However, given the high prevalence of malnutrition in IPF its impact on mortality should be further evaluated.</b>http://ow.ly/5CKe30okjma
Abstract 128: Role of ΔNp63α and its effect in cisplatin-mediated chemoresistance
Authors: Tanusree Sen, Aditi Chatterjee, Nilkantha Sen, Mohammad Obaidul Hoque, David Sidransky
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract ΔNp63α, an important epithelial developmental gene, has significant homology to p53. Unlike p53, the expression of p63 is regulated by two different promoters resulting in proteins with opposite functions: the full-length transcriptionally active TAp63 and the dominant-negative ΔNp63. Increasing evidence show that ΔNp63α is upregulated in various cancers, and plays a central role in both development and tumorigenesis by promoting cell survival. The aim of our current study is to provide insight into the molecular mechanisms accounting for the role of ΔNp63α in tumorogenesis and its involvement in chemoresistance induced by cisplitin. We have investigated the downstream mechanisms by which ΔNp63α elicits tumorigenesis via AKT pathway. Both overexpression and RNAi experiments with ΔNp63α revealed that it can regulate the expression of AKT. These results demonstrate a link between ΔNp63α and the anti-apoptotic pathway. Of clinical relevance is the fact that ΔNp63α protein level is increased in chemoresistant cell line and that inhibitition of ΔNp63α leads to chemosensitivity. Thus, beyond its importance in development and differentiation, we describe the mechanism by which ΔNp63α exerts cell survival and the induction of tumorogenesis and chemoresistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 128.
Abstract P1-08-23: Not presented
Authors: Y-S Zang, F Qi, W-X Qin
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Zang Y-S, Qi F, Qin W-X. Not presented [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-08-23.
Impact of Acute Kidney Injury and Its Duration on Long-term Renal Function After Partial Nephrectomy
Authors: Carlo Andrea Bravi, Emily Vertosick, Nicole Benfante, Amy Tin, Daniel Sjoberg, A. Ari Hakimi, Karim Touijer, Francesco Montorsi, James Eastham, Paul Russo, Andrew Vickers
Journal: European Urology (2019)
Abstract P5-13-09: Not presented
Authors: S Campos-Gomez, G Pacheco-Cuéllar, K Campos-Gomez, M García Garcés, J Valdes Andrade, JL Barrera Franco
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Campos-Gomez S, Pacheco-Cuéllar G, Campos-Gomez K, García Garcés M, Valdes Andrade J, Barrera Franco JL. Not presented [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-13-09.