tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0868 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF PULSED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN THE TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS: RESULTS OF A MULTICENTER BLIND PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY.
Authors: A. Karateev, E. Pogozheva, M. Sukhareva, A. Lila
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) is a well – known method of non-pharmacological treatment that is widely used in knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of PEMF in KOA. Methods: The study group consisted of 231 KOA patients, 77.9% of women, age 61.9±12.2 years, BMI 30.6±5.8 kg / m2, average disease duration 5.0 [2.0;10.0] years. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Group 1 patients received PEMF for 14 days using a device that creates a low-frequency pulsed magnetic field, group 2-a false PEMF (a device that completely simulates a working device, but does not create a magnetic field). We evaluated the dynamics of the WOMAC index, the severity of pain at rest and when moving on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS), the need for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and the evaluation of the patient’s treatment result (on a 5-point scale). Results: Statistically significant reduction in pain, stiffness, and improved function was observed in both true PEMF and false PEMF. Thus, the WOMAC pain in Group 1 decreased from 231 [180; 290] to 110 [60; 166.3], p&lt;0.001; in Group 2 from 212.4 [145; 260] to 143 [76.5; 200], p&lt;0.001, the severity of pain in rest (VAS) decreased in Group 1 from 47 [27.8; 60] to 20 [10; 30], p&lt;0.001; in Group 2 from 40 [20; 57.5] to 20 [7.5; 40], p&lt;0.001. After therapy, the need for NSAIDs also decreased: in Group 1 NSAIDs were canceled or reduced in 33.1% of patients, in Group 2 - in 16.8% (p=0.006). For all indicators, the dynamics were statistically more significant in Group 1 than in Group 2. The result of treatment as “good” and “excellent” was evaluated by 58.5% of patients in Group 1 and 39.8% of patients in Group 2, p&lt;0.001. No serious adverse reactions were observed when using true and false PEMF. Two patients who received false PEMF therapy was interrupted due to increased joint pain. Conclusion: PEMF with short-term use provides a significant improvement in the condition of KOA patients. PEMF is well tolerated and does not cause serious complications. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
FRI0248 PROGNOSTIC FACTORS FOR STEROID-FREE REMISSION IN PATIENTS WITH IDIOPATHIC INFLAMMATORY MYOPATHIES: IMPORTANCE OF ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS
Authors: J. S. Lee, S. H. Nam, S. J. Choi, W. J. Seo, S. Hong, C. K. Lee, B. Yoo, J. S. Oh, Y. G. Kim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Several studies have been conducted on factors associated with mortality in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), but few studies have assessed prognostic factors for steroid-free remission in IIM. Objectives: We investigated the various clinical factors, including body measurements, that affect IIM treatment outcomes. Methods: Patients who were newly diagnosed with IIM between 2000 and 2018 were included. Steroid-free remission was defined as at least three months of normalisation of muscle enzymes and no detectable clinical disease activity. The factors associated with steroid-free remission were evaluated by a Cox regression analysis. Results: Of the 106 IIM patients, 35 displayed steroid-free remission during follow-up periods. In the multivariable Cox regression analyses, immunosuppressants’ early use within one month after diagnosis [hazard ratio (HR) 6.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.61–14.74, p &lt; 0.001] and sex-specific height quartiles (second and third quartiles versus first quartile, HR 3.65, 95% CI 1.40–9.51, p = 0.008 and HR 2.88, 95% CI 1.13–7.32, p = 0.027, respectively) were positively associated with steroid-free remission. Polymyositis versus dermatomyositis (HR 0.21, 95% CI 0.09–0.53, p = 0.001), presence of dysphagia (HR 0.15, CI 0.05–0.50, p = 0.002) and highest versus lowest quartile of waist circumference (WC) (HR 0.24, 95% CI 0.07–0.85, p = 0.027) were negatively associated with steroid-free remission. Conclusion: The early initiation of immunosuppressant therapy, type of myositis and presence of dysphagia are strong predictors of steroid-free remission in IIM; moreover, height and WC measurements at baseline may provide additional important prognostic value. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Obesity-induced excess of 17-hydroxyprogesterone promotes hyperglycemia through activation of glucocorticoid receptor
Authors: Yan Lu, E Wang, Ying Chen, Bing Zhou, Jiejie Zhao, Liping Xiang, Yiling Qian, Jingjing Jiang, Lin Zhao, Xuelian Xiong, Zhiqiang Lu, Duojiao Wu, Bin Liu, Jing Yan, Rong Zhang, Huijie Zhang, Cheng Hu, Xiaoying Li
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become an expanding global public health problem. Although the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is an important regulator of glucose metabolism, the relationship between circulating glucocorticoids (GCs) and the features of T2DM remains controversial. Here, we show that 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), an intermediate steroid in the biosynthetic pathway that converts cholesterol to cortisol, binds to and stimulates the transcriptional activity of GR. Hepatic 17-OHP concentrations are increased in diabetic mice and patients due to aberrantly increased expression of Cyp17A1. Systemic administration of 17-OHP or overexpression of Cyp17A1 in the livers of lean mice promoted the pathogenesis of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, whereas knockdown of Cyp17A1 abrogated metabolic disorders in obese mice. Therefore, our results identify a Cyp17A1/17-OHP/GR–dependent pathway in the liver that mediates obesity-induced hyperglycemia, suggesting that selectively targeting hepatic Cyp17A1 may provide a therapeutic avenue for treating T2DM.
Non-coding RNAs shuttled via exosomes reshape the hypoxic tumor microenvironment
Authors: Wenyu Wang, Youngjin Han, Hyun A Jo, Juwon Lee, Yong Sang Song
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2020)

Abstract Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles secreted by almost all the cells. Molecular cargos of exosomes can partially reflect the characteristics of originating cells. Exosome-mediated cell-to-cell interactions in the microenvironment are critical in cancer progression. Hypoxia, a key pro-cancerous feature of the tumor microenvironment, alters the releasing and contents of exosomes. A growing body of evidence shows that hypoxia induces more aggressive phenotypes in cancer. Of note, non-coding RNAs shuttled in hypoxic tumor-derived exosomes have been demonstrated as fundamental molecules in regulating cancer biology and remodeling tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, these hypoxic tumor-derived exosomal non-coding RNAs can be detected in the body fluids, serving as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The current review discusses changes in cancer behaviors regulated by exosomes-secreted non-coding RNAs under hypoxic conditions.
AB0073 BOSWELLIA SERRATA EXTRACT AND CURCUMIN INCREASE GDF15 PRODUCTION BY HUMAN PRIMARY OSTEOARTHRITIS CHONDROCYTES: A NEW MECHANISM OF ACTION
Authors: C. Sanchez, J. Zappia, Y. Dierckxsens, J. P. Delcour, Y. Henrotin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Boswellia serrata extract (BSE) and curcumin are used to relief symptoms in osteoarthritis (OA). Objectives: This study aims to better understand the mode of action of these compounds on OA chondrocytes in vitro . Methods: Therapeutic plasmatic concentrations of the different components of BSE correspond to an in vitro range from 25 to 100 µg/ml of total BSE (100 µg/ml of BSE corresponds to 9.2 µM of 11-keto-β-boswellic acid (KBA), 5.2 µM of acetylKBA, 22 µM de αBA, 34 µM de βBA, 4.4 µM de acetylαBA and 13.2 acetyl βBA), and between 2 to 10 µM for bioavaibility-increased curcumin. BSE (5-100 µg/ml) and curcumin (0.04 to 4 µg/ml corresponding to 0.1 to 10 µM) were tested separately on primary chondrocytes from 3 OA patients. Lactate Deshydrogenase LDH, nitrite (NO 2 ), interleukin (IL)-6 and Growth Differentiation Factor (GDF)15 were quantified in 72h-treated supernatant using enzyme activity, Griess reaction and ELISAs, respectively. Results: No mortality was observed at the tested concentrations. BSE and curcumin both decreased concentration-dependently NO 2 and IL-6 production, and increased GDF15 production. For NO 2 production, the decrease was observed from 0.2 µg/ml of curcumin and 10 µg/ml of BSE. For IL-6 production, the decrease was observed from 1 µg/ml for curcumin and 10 µg/ml for BSE. For GDF-15, the increase was observed from 2 µg/ml for curcumin and 50 µg/ml for BSE. Maximal effect was observed at 4 µg/ml for curcumin: -67% NO 2 (p&lt;0.0001), -71% IL-6 (p=0.0001) and +80% GDF15 (p&lt;0.0001) and at 100 µg/ml for BSE: -40% NO 2 (p=0.0003), -70% IL-6 (p=0.0003) and +73% for GDF15 (p=0.0017). Conclusion: At therapeutic plasmatic concentrations, BSE and curcumin decreased the production of NO 2 and IL-6, two inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, BSE and curcumin enhanced GDF-15 production, an anti-inflammatory growth factor. GDF15 was first identified as Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 or NSAID-activated gene-1 (by a prostanoid-independent manner), and is known as a regulator of inflammatory, cell repair and apoptosis pathways. GDF-15 has pro-apoptotic and anti-tumorigenic activity in vitro and in vivo. It could represent a new pathway explaining the beneficial effects of BSE and the curcumin on synovium inflammation and cartilage degradation. Disclosure of Interests: christelle sanchez: None declared, Jérémie Zappia: None declared, Yvan Dierckxsens Shareholder of: Tilman SA, Employee of: Tilman SA, Jean-Pierre Delcour: None declared, Yves Henrotin Grant/research support from: HEEL, TILMAN
Abstract 13458: Prognostic Value of T1 Mapping and Feature Tracking by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Patients With Suspected Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ayako Seno, Iqra Qamar, Panagiotis Antiochos, Yin Ge, Yi-Yun Chen, Ayaz Aghayev, Michael Steigner, Ron Blankstein, Michael Jerosch-Herold, Raymond Y Kwong
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Impairment of systolic function is a well-known indicator of poor prognosis in patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). It is, however, subject to limitations. Cardiac Magnetic...
Light-assisted hierarchical intratumoral penetration and programmed antitumor therapy based on tumor microenvironment (TME)-amendatory and self-adaptive polymeric nanoclusters
Authors: Jing Yan, Qinghua Wu, Ziyin Zhao, Jianhua Wu, Huan Ye, Qiujun Liang, Zhuchao Zhou, Mengying Hou, Xudong Li, Yong Liu, Lichen Yin
Journal: Biomaterials (2020)
Early Life Famine Exposure, Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics, and Risk of Incident Diabetes: Findings From the 4C Study
Authors: Jieli Lu, Mian Li, Yu Xu, Yufang Bi, Yingfen Qin, Qiang Li, Tiange Wang, Ruying Hu, Lixin Shi, Qing Su, Min Xu, Zhiyun Zhao, Yuhong Chen, Xuefeng Yu, Li Yan, Rui Du, Chunyan Hu, Guijun Qin, Qin Wan, Gang Chen, Meng Dai, Di Zhang, Zhengnan Gao, Guixia Wang, Feixia Shen, Zuojie Luo, Li Chen, Yanan Huo, Zhen Ye, Xulei Tang, Yinfei Zhang, Chao Liu, Youmin Wang, Shengli Wu, Tao Yang, Huacong Deng, Donghui Li, Shenghan Lai, Zachary T. Bloomgarden, Lulu Chen, Jiajun Zhao, Yiming Mu, Guang Ning, Weiqing Wang
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

We aim to investigate the impact of ideal cardiovascular health metrics (ICVHMs) on the association between famine exposure and adulthood diabetes risk.This study included 77,925 participants from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study who were born around the time of the Chinese Great Famine and free of diabetes at baseline. They were divided into three famine exposure groups according to the birth year, including nonexposed (1963-1974), fetal exposed (1959-1962), and childhood exposed (1949-1958). Relative risk regression was used to examine the associations between famine exposure and ICVHMs on diabetes.During a mean follow-up of 3.6 years, the cumulative incidence of diabetes was 4.2%, 6.0%, and 7.5% in nonexposed, fetal-exposed, and childhood-exposed participants, respectively. Compared with nonexposed participants, fetal-exposed but not childhood-exposed participants had increased risks of diabetes, with multivariable-adjusted risk ratios (RRs) (95% CIs) of 1.17 (1.05-1.31) and 1.12 (0.96-1.30), respectively. Increased diabetes risks were observed in fetal-exposed individuals with nonideal dietary habits, nonideal physical activity, BMI ≥24.0 kg/m2, or blood pressure ≥120/80 mmHg, whereas significant interaction was detected only in BMI strata (P for interaction = 0.0018). Significant interactions have been detected between number of ICVHMs and famine exposure on the risk of diabetes (P for interaction = 0.0005). The increased risk was observed in fetal-exposed participants with one or fewer ICVHMs (RR 1.59 [95% CI 1.24-2.04]), but not in those with two or more ICVHMs.The increased risk of diabetes associated with famine exposure appears to be modified by the presence of ICVHMs.
Use of <i>Sports Hernia</i> to Describe Groin Pain in Athletes—Reply
Authors: Brian S. Zuckerbraun, Craig Mauro
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Caring for Women Who Are Planning a Pregnancy, Pregnant, or Postpartum During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sonja A. Rasmussen, Denise J. Jamieson
Journal: JAMA (2020)

This JAMA Insights Clinical Update discusses what is known about the epidemiology and effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy, and summarizes Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and professional organization (AAP and ACOG) recommendations for care of pregnant women with COVID-19.
Covid-19: trainee healthcare scientists are crucial to surviving the long road ahead
Authors: Jaidev Kaur Chandan, Jane Lynch, Graham Wilson, Christal Fisher, Boota Singh, Lisa Ayers, Sandie Gay, Berne Ferry
Journal: BMJ (2020)

As the nation prepares to ease public health measures, there will be a considerable workload for services and departments across the whole healthcare sector, particularly where routine activities were paused. If the staffing and provision of care on the “long road ahead”1 is to be achieved to the highest standard, the role of trainee healthcare scientists must be recognised, and their skills maximised.

Healthcare scientists have been vital in the …
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition with or without macroscopic on-site evaluation: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Charing C. N. Chong, Sundeep Lakhtakia, Nam Nguyen, Kazuo Hara, Wah Kheong Chan, Rajesh Puri, Majid A. Almadi, Tiing Leong Ang, Andrew Kwek, Ichiro Yasuda, Shinpei Doi, Mitsuhiro Kida, Hsiu-Po Wang, Tsu-Yao Cheng, Qingwei Jiang, Aiming Yang, Anthony W. H. Chan, Shannon Chan, Raymond Tang, Takuji Iwashita, Anthony Y. B. Teoh
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Abstract Background The use of macroscopic on-site evaluation (MOSE) to estimate the adequacy of a specimen for histological diagnosis during endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle tissue acquisition (FNTA) has recently been advocated. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic yield of MOSE compared with conventional EUS-FNTA without rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE). Methods This was an international, multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled study. After providing informed consent, consecutive adult patients referred for EUS-FNTA for solid lesions larger than 2 cm were randomized to a MOSE arm or to a conventional arm without ROSE. A designated cytopathologist from each center performed all cytopathological examinations for that center and was blinded to the randomization results. The primary outcome measure was the diagnostic yield, and the secondary outcomes included sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, diagnostic accuracy, and the rate of procedure-related complications. Results 244 patients (122 conventional, 122 MOSE) were enrolled during the study period. No significant differences between the two arms were found in procedure time or rate of procedure-related adverse events. The diagnostic yield for the MOSE technique (92.6 %) was similar to that for the conventional technique (89.3 %; P = 0.37), with significantly fewer passes made (median: conventional 3, MOSE 2; P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions EUS-FNTA with the MOSE technique provided a similar diagnostic yield to conventional EUS-FNTA technique in the absence of ROSE but with fewer passes. This technique can be used when ROSE is not available.
Abstract IA18: Genetic dissection of breast cancer development and therapy resistance in mouse models
Authors: Jos Jonkers
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of human cancer not only permit us to gain a detailed insight into the specific genetic changes that drive tumor development and metastasis but also provide powerful tools to study the mechanisms underlying drug response and acquired resistance. Once these processes are understood in sufficient detail, it may be possible to design combination therapies that not only cause complete remissions but also eliminate remnant cells that elicit recurrent disease. We have developed GEMMs of E-cadherin mutated lobular breast cancer. These mice develop mammary tumors that closely resemble the lobular morphology and the metastatic spectrum of the cognate tumors in humans. Using Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon-based insertional mutagenesis in conditional E-cadherin mutant mice, we have found that heterozygous loss of MYH9 or overexpression of hyperactive truncated forms of MYPT1/2 and ASPP2 reduces actomyosin contractility and thereby promotes malignant transformation of E-cadherin-deficient mammary epithelial cells, resulting in ILC formation in mice. This work highlights actomyosin hypercontractility induced by E-cadherin loss as a critical barrier to ILC development. We have also developed several GEMMs for somatic modeling of BRCA1-mutated triple-negative breast cancer using intraductal injection of lentiviral vectors for stable overexpression of exogenous genes and CAS9-mediated disruption or APOBEC-CAS9n-UGI (BE3)-mediated base editing of endogenous genes. We have used these GEMMs to validate RB, PTEN, PIK3CA, MYC, and MCL1 as bona fide driver genes in BRCA1-associated breast cancer. Moreover, MCL1 inhibition potentiated the in vivo efficacy of the PARP inhibitor (PARPi) olaparib, underscoring the therapeutic potential of this combination for treatment of BRCA1-associated cancer patients with poor response to PARPi monotherapy. The BRCA1-deficient mammary tumors from our mouse models are characterized by genomic instability and hypersensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, including platinum drugs and PARP inhibitors. Nevertheless, none of these drugs are curative: tumors grow back after drug treatment and eventually become resistant. We found that PARPi resistance of BRCA1-deficient GEMM tumors can be induced by several mechanisms, including activation of drug efflux transporters, type of BRCA1 mutation, and loss of components of the 53BP1-RIF1-shieldin and CST complexes that govern end-protection of DNA double-strand breaks. Citation Format: Jos Jonkers. Genetic dissection of breast cancer development and therapy resistance in mouse models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Evolving Landscape of Cancer Modeling; 2020 Mar 2-5; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(11 Suppl):Abstract nr IA18.
Fortifying diet with rapeseed oil instead of butterfat attenuates the progression of diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and impairment of glucose tolerance
Authors: Annette Brandt, Dragana Rajcic, Cheng Jun Jin, Victor Sánchez, Anna Janina Engstler, Finn Jung, Anika Nier, Anja Baumann, Ina Bergheim
Journal: Metabolism (2020)

Absolute dietary fat intake but even more so fatty acid pattern is discussed to be critical in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we determined if switching a butterfat enriched diet to a rapeseed oil (RO) enriched diet affects progression of an existing NAFLD and glucose intolerance in mice.For eight weeks, female C57Bl/6J mice were either fed a liquid control (C) or a butterfat-, fructose- and cholesterol-rich diet (BFC, 25E% butterfat) to induce early signs of steatohepatitis and glucose intolerance in mice. For additional five weeks mice received either BFC or C or a fat-, fructose- and cholesterol-rich and control diet, in which butterfat was replaced with RO (ROFC and CRO). Markers of glucose metabolism, liver damage and intestinal barrier were assessed.Exchanging butterfat with RO attenuated the progression of BFC diet-induced NAFLD and glucose intolerance. Beneficial effects of RO were associated with lower portal endotoxin levels and an attenuation of the induction of the toll-like receptor-4-dependent signaling cascades in liver. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activity was induced in small intestine of ROFC-fed mice.Taken together, exchanging butterfat with RO attenuated the progression of diet-induced steatohepatitis and glucose intolerance in mice.
Bionic Arm With Real-Time Sensation
Authors: Jennifer Abbasi
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal