tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0545 Giant cell arteritis and hematologic malignancies: a real-life experience
Authors: S. Tiosano, L. Dar, O. Gendelman, D. Comaneshter, A. Watad, A.D. Cohen, H. Amital
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Giant cell arteritis (GCA), also known as temporal arteritis, is a vasculitis of large and medium-sized vessels, which commonly involves the extracranial branches of the carotid artery. There are conflicting evidence regarding the association between GCA and both solid and hematologic malignancies.<sup>1–4</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the coexistence rate of GCA and hematologic malignancies. <h3>Methods</h3> This cross-sectional study was performed utilising the database of Israel's largest healthcare association, Clalit Health Services (CHS). All patients with previously documented diagnosis of GCA were included, as well as age-and sex matched controls without GCA. The proportions of Hodgkin's lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma were compared between patients and controls. Univariate analysis was compared using chi-square test for categorical variables and student's t-test for continuous variables. A multivariable logistic regression model was built to assess the covariates associated with each Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the hematologic malignancy with the highest number of patients. <h3>Results</h3> The study included 5,663 GCA patients and 28 308 controls with a mean age of 71 and 68.3, respectively. Both groups consisted of 69.8% females. Multiple myeloma was observed in 27 GCA patients (0.48%) and 53 controls (0.19%), crude OR=2.56 p&lt;0.001. Hodgkin's lymphoma was observed in 19 GCA patients (0.34%) and 41 controls (0.14%), crude OR=2.33 p=0.004. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was observed in 64 GCA patients (1.13%) and 164 controls (0.58%), crude OR=1.96 p&lt;0.001. Multivariable logistic regression model adjusting for age and gender found GCA as independently associated with Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (adjusted OR 1.96, p&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> GCA patients have higher rate of hematologic malignancies compared to controls. The association with Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is the most prominent, and proper screening methods should be applied for early detection and treatment. <h3>References</h3> [1] Askling J. Do steroids increase lymphoma risk? A case-control study of lymphoma risk in polymyalgia rheumatica/giant cell arteritis. Ann Rheum Dis64:1765–1768. doi:10.1136/ard.2005.036459 [2] Liozon E, Loustaud V, Fauchais A-L, et al. Concurrent temporal (giant cell) arteritis and malignancy: report of 20 patients with review of the literature. J Rheumatol2006;33:1606–1614. [3] Kermani TA, Schäfer VS, Crowson CS, et al. Malignancy risk in patients with giant cell arteritis: A population-based cohort study. Arthritis Care Res NA-NA. doi:10.1002/acr.20062 [4] Solans-Laque R, Bosch-Gil JA, Pérez-Bocanegra C, et al. Paraneoplastic vasculitis in patients with solid tumors: report of 15 cases. J Rheumatol35:294–304. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Integrative Genome-Wide Analysis of Long Noncoding RNAs in Diverse Immune Cell Types of Melanoma Patients
Authors: Lei Wang, Sara J. Felts, Virginia P. Van Keulen, Adam D. Scheid, Matthew S. Block, Svetomir N. Markovic, Larry R. Pease, Yuji Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Genome-wide identification and characterization of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) in individual immune cell lineages helps us better understand the driving mechanisms behind melanoma and advance personalized patient treatment. To elucidate the transcriptional landscape in diverse immune cell types of peripheral blood cells (PBC) in stage IV melanoma, we used whole transcriptome RNA sequencing to profile lncRNAs in CD4
Targeting the Incretin/Glucagon System With Triagonists to Treat Diabetes
Authors: Megan E Capozzi, Richard D DiMarchi, Matthias H Tschöp, Brian Finan, Jonathan E Campbell
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2018)

Abstract Glucagonlike peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have been efficacious for the treatment of type 2 diabetes due to their ability to reduce weight and attenuate hyperglycemia. However, the activity of glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor–directed strategies is submaximal, and the only potent, sustainable treatment of metabolic dysfunction is bariatric surgery, necessitating the development of unique therapeutics. GLP-1 is structurally related to glucagon and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), allowing for the development of intermixed, unimolecular peptides with activity at each of their respective receptors. In this review, we discuss the range of tissue targets and added benefits afforded by the inclusion of each of GIP and glucagon. We discuss considerations for the development of sequence-intermixed dual agonists and triagonists, highlighting the importance of evaluating balanced signaling at the targeted receptors. Several multireceptor agonist peptides have been developed and evaluated, and the key preclinical and clinical findings are reviewed in detail. The biological activity of these multireceptor agonists are founded in the success of GLP-1-directed strategies; by including GIP and glucagon components, these multireceptor agonists are thought to enhance GLP-1’s activities by broadening the tissue targets and synergizing at tissues that express multiple receptors, such at the brain and pancreatic isletβ cells. The development and utility of balanced, unimolecular multireceptor agonists provide both a useful tool for querying the actions of incretins and glucagon during metabolic disease and a unique drug class to treat type 2 diabetes with unprecedented efficacy.
Pre-clinical evaluation of novel mucoadhesive bilayer patches for local delivery of clobetasol-17-propionate to the oral mucosa
Authors: H.E. Colley, Z. Said, M.E. Santocildes-Romero, S.R. Baker, K. D'Apice, J. Hansen, L. Siim Madsen, M.H. Thornhill, P.V. Hatton, C. Murdoch
Journal: Biomaterials (2018)

Oral lichen planus (OLP) and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) are chronic inflammatory conditions often characterised by erosive and/or painful oral lesions that have a considerable impact on quality of life. Current treatment often necessitates the use of steroids in the form of mouthwashes, creams or ointments, but these are often ineffective due to inadequate drug contact times with the lesion. Here we evaluate the performance of novel mucoadhesive patches for targeted drug delivery. Electrospun polymeric mucoadhesive patches were produced and characterised for their physical properties and cytotoxicity before evaluation of residence time and acceptability in a human feasibility study. Clobetasol-17-propionate incorporated into the patches was released in a sustained manner in both tissue-engineered oral mucosa and ex vivo porcine mucosa. Clobetasol-17 propionate-loaded patches were further evaluated for residence time and drug release in an in vivo animal model and demonstrated prolonged adhesion and drug release at therapeutic-relevant doses and time points. These data show that electrospun patches are adherent to mucosal tissue without causing tissue damage, and can be successfully loaded with and release clinically active drugs. These patches hold great promise for the treatment of oral conditions such as OLP and RAS, and potentially many other oral lesions.
Sex differences in the evaluation and treatment of acute ischaemic stroke
Authors: Cheryl Bushnell, Virginia J Howard, Lynda Lisabeth, Valeria Caso, Seana Gall, Dawn Kleindorfer, Seemant Chaturvedi, Tracy E Madsen, Stacie L Demel, Seung-Jae Lee, Mathew Reeves
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2018)
Future Prospects for PD-1 Targeting, Macrophage Infiltration, and IDO Pathway Activation in Patients With Sarcomas—Reply
Authors: Antoine Italiano
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Prospective Comparison of FFR Derived From Coronary CT Angiography With SPECT Perfusion Imaging in Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Niels Peter Rønnow Sand, Karsten Tange Veien, Søren Steen Nielsen, Bjarne Linde Nørgaard, Pia Larsen, Allan Johansen, Søren Hess, Lone Deibjerg, Majed Husain, Anders Junker, Kristian Korsgaard Thomsen, Allan Rohold, Lisette Okkels Jensen
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2018)

This study sought to compare the per-patient diagnostic performance of coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA)-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) with that of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), using a fractional flow reserve (FFR) value of ≤0.80 as the reference for diagnosing at least 1 hemodynamically significant stenosis in a head-to-head comparison of patients with intermediate coronary stenosis as determined by coronary CTA. No previous study has prospectively compared the diagnostic performance of FFRCT and myocardial perfusion imaging by SPECT in symptomatic patients with intermediate range coronary artery disease (CAD). This study was conducted at a single-center as a prospective study in patients with stable angina pectoris (N = 143). FFRCT and SPECT analyses were performed by core laboratories and were blinded for the personnel responsible for downstream patient management. FFRCT ≤0.80 distally in at least 1 coronary artery with a diameter ≥2 mm classified patients as having ischemia. Ischemia by SPECT was encountered if a reversible perfusion defect (summed difference score ≥2) or transitory ischemic dilation of the left ventricle (ratio >1.19) were found. The per-patient diagnostic performance for identifying ischemia (95% confidence interval [CI]), FFRCT versus SPECT, were sensitivity of 91% (95% CI: 81% to 97%) versus 41% (95% CI: 29% to 55%; p < 0.001); specificity of 55% (95% CI: 44% to 66%) versus 86% (95% CI: 77% to 93%; p < 0.001); negative predictive value of 90% (95% CI: 82% to 98%) versus 68% (95% CI: 59% to 77%; p = 0.001); positive predictive value of 58% (95% CI: 48% to 68%) versus 67% (95% CI: 51% to 82%; p = NS); and accuracy of 70% (95% CI: 62% to 77%) versus 68% (95% CI: 60% to 75%; p = NS) respectively. In patients with stable chest pain and CAD as determined by coronary CTA, the overall diagnostic accuracy levels of FFRCT and SPECT were identical in assessing hemodynamically significant stenosis. However, FFRCT demonstrated a significantly higher diagnostic sensitivity than SPECT.
AB1011 Clinical trial of intravenous infusion of fucosylated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in patients with osteoporosis
Authors: N. Lozano-Rivas, L.F. Linares, C. Marras-Fernandez-Cid, A.M. Garcia-Hernandez, M.D.C. Algueró, F. Iniesta, D. Sanchez-Salinas, M.D. López-Lucas, M. Rodriguez-Valiente, V. Cabañas, D. García-Bernal, M.D.M. Molina, S. Lopez, F. Ramirez-Tovar, J.E. Ruiz Sará, B. García, M. Blanquer, J.A. Olmo Fernandez-Delgado, M. Espinosa, J. Zamarro, J. Becerra-Ratia, J.L. Peris, I. López-Exposito, J.A. Bafalliu, F. Ruiz-Espejo, E. Domenech, M.D. Morales-Cano, P.M. Arrabal, G. Soler, A. Vera, F. Guzman-Aroca, J.M. Moraleda, R. Sackstein
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic bone disease characterised by decreased bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitecture with increased brittleness and fracture risk. It associates high morbidity and mortality for patients and has a high impact on health expenditure. Bone marrow stromal mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) give rise to osteoprogenitor cells and osteoblasts and influence bone homeostasis. However after their intravenous (i/v) infusion their osteotropism is limited. Our group has demonstrated that the exofucosylation of the CD44 membrane antigen in MSC improves their homing to bone tissue and that the infusion of these cells is safe in a murine model. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the safety of i/v infusion of fucosylated BM-MSC in patients with OP, and secondarily assess their ability to improve the course of the disease <h3>Methods</h3> 10 women between 50 and 75 years old diagnosed with osteoporosis with a low impact fracture will be included and treated i/v with autologous fucosylated BM-MSC. The first 4 patients were treated with a dose of 2 × 10<sup>6</sup> cells/kg body weight and the other 6 with 5 × 10<sup>6</sup> cells/kg body weight. A 24 month follow-up will be conducted to evaluate the rate of severe and non-serious adverse events and secondary endpoints (decreased fracture rate, pain scores, functional status and quality of life, biochemical indexes of bone metabolism, quantitative computed tomography for morphometric and mechanical analysis of bone quality, densitometry, and histomorphometry <h3>Results</h3> Seven patients have been recruited to date. Two left the study for lack of cell proliferation and appearance of a complex form in karyotype during the cell culture, respectively. The first 4 patients were successfully infused, and after a median follow-up of 3 months no related adverse effects have been observed, no new osteoporotic fractures have appeared, and the analogue pain scale score (EVA) shows a tendency to decrease of pain in 3 of the 4 patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our preliminary data indicate that clinical and GMP-grade production of BM-MSC is feasible. We have not observed any short-term adverse effects associated with treatment in infused patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Self management of patients with mild COPD in primary care: randomised controlled trial
Authors: Kate Jolly, Manbinder S Sidhu, Catherine A Hewitt, Peter A Coventry, Amanda Daley, Rachel Jordan, Carl Heneghan, Sally Singh, Natalie Ives, Peymane Adab, Susan Jowett, Jinu Varghese, David Nunan, Khaled Ahmed, Lee Dowson, David Fitzmaurice
Journal: BMJ (2018)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the effectiveness of telephone health coaching delivered by a nurse to support self management in a primary care population with mild symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). <h3>Design</h3> Multicentre randomised controlled trial. <h3>Setting</h3> 71 general practices in four areas of England. <h3>Participants</h3> 577 patients with Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale scores of 1 or 2, recruited from primary care COPD registers with spirometry confirmed diagnosis. Patients were randomised to telephone health coaching (n=289) or usual care (n=288). <h3>Interventions</h3> Telephone health coaching intervention delivered by nurses, underpinned by Social Cognitive Theory. The coaching promoted accessing smoking cessation services, increasing physical activity, medication management, and action planning (4 sessions over 11 weeks; postal information at weeks 16 and 24). The nurses received two days of training. The usual care group received a leaflet about COPD. <h3>Main outcome measures</h3> The primary outcome was health related quality of life at 12 months using the short version of the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ-C). <h3>Results</h3> The intervention was delivered with good fidelity: 86% of scheduled calls were delivered; 75% of patients received all four calls. 92% of patients were followed-up at six months and 89% at 12 months. There was no difference in SGRQ-C total score at 12 months (mean difference −1.3, 95% confidence interval −3.6 to 0.9, P=0.23). Compared with patients in the usual care group, at six months follow-up, the intervention group reported greater physical activity, more had received a care plan (44% <i>v</i> 30%), rescue packs of antibiotics (37% <i>v</i> 29%), and inhaler use technique check (68% <i>v</i> 55%). <h3>Conclusions</h3> A new telephone health coaching intervention to promote behaviour change in primary care patients with mild symptoms of dyspnoea did lead to changes in self management activities, but did not improve health related quality of life. <h3>Trial registration</h3> Current controlled trials ISRCTN 06710391
Phase 3 KEYNOTE-361 trial: Pembrolizumab (pembro) with or without chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in advanced urothelial cancer.
Authors: Thomas Powles, Juergen E. Gschwend, Yohann Loriot, Joaquim Bellmunt, Lajos Geczi, Christof Vulsteke, Mahmoud Abdelsalam, Rustem Gafanov, Woo Kyun Bae, Janos Revesz, Yoshiaki Yamamoto, Urbano Anido, Wen-Pin Su, Mark T. Fleming, Maurice Markus, Dai Feng, Christian Heinrich Poehlein, Ajjai Alva
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

TPS4590 Background: Only 5%-15% of patients (pts) with advanced bladder cancer attain long-term survival with standard first-line cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 inhibitors have proven effective in recurrent, advanced urothelial cancer. Emerging data suggest these agents may also be useful in the first-line setting. In KEYNOTE-052, first-line pembro, an anti–PD-1 antibody, demonstrated antitumor activity and acceptable safety in cisplatin-ineligible pts with advanced urothelial cancer. KEYNOTE-361 (NCT02853305) is a randomized, open-label, phase 3 study of pembro with or without chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in pts with advanced urothelial carcinoma. Methods: Key eligibility criteria include age ≥18 years; histologically or cytologically confirmed unresectable/metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, or urethra; measurable disease (RECIST v1.1, investigator review); no prior systemic chemotherapy ([neo]adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy with recurrence &gt; 12 months after completion is allowed); ECOG PS 0-2; and provision of a tumor sample for biomarker analyses. Pts will be randomly assigned 1:1:1 to receive pembro 200 mg every 3 weeks (Q3W), pembro + investigator’s choice of chemotherapy (gemcitabine [1000 mg/m 2 on day 1 and 8 Q3W] + cisplatin [70 mg/m 2 Q3W]), or chemotherapy alone. Cisplatin-ineligible pts randomly assigned to chemotherapy will receive gemcitabine + carboplatin [AUC 5 Q3W]. Chemotherapy choice must be selected before randomization. Treatment will continue until progressive disease, unacceptable adverse events (AEs), or 35 cycles of pembro (pembro arms only). Response will be assessed Q9W for the first year and Q12W thereafter. AEs will be evaluated throughout and graded per NCI CTCAE v4.0. Primary end points are progression-free survival (RECIST v1.1 per central review) and overall survival; secondary end points include objective response rate and safety and tolerability. Efficacy outcomes will be compared for pembro vs chemotherapy and pembro + chemotherapy vs chemotherapy. Enrollment is ongoing; ~990 pts will be enrolled. Clinical trial information: NCT02853305.
AB0968 Evaluation of osteoarthritis of temporomandibular joint by computed tomography, clinical features and correlations
Authors: M. Salokhiddinov, G. Haydarova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Osteoarthritis (OA) of the temporomandibular joint is a unilateral, degenerative disease of the jaw joint. It is characterised by breakdown of the articular cartilage, architectural changes in bone, and degeneration of the synovial tissues causing pain and/or dysfunction in functional movements of the jaw <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the prevalence and relationship between clinical signs, symptoms and computed tomography (CT) manifestations of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis <h3>Methods</h3> The study included 56 patients with osteoarthritis of the TMJ, included 25 unilateral and 31 bilateral lesions, a total of 87 joints with degenerative changes. Clinically, there was a significant restriction of the movement of the lower jaw and chewing efficiency and a significant increase in articular sounds and general complaints of pain <h3>Results</h3> CT data of the most frequent bone changes were erosions of the joint surfaces of the condyles (70 joints, 81%), osteophytes (73 joints, 87%), then their smoothing (67 joints, 77%), hypoplasia (24 joints, 27.6%), sclerosis (6 joints, 6.8%) and subchondral cysts (4 joints, 4.6%). Smoothing of the joint elevation and pneumatisation were observed in five joints. Thirty-one patients had bilateral degeneration. In 25-one-sided degeneration. Hypermobility is found in 37 degenerative joints. Chewing efficiency was negatively correlated both with the degree of smoothing of condyles. Sclerosis and the general complaints of pain positively correlated with the smoothing of condyles <h3>Conclusions</h3> Conjunctural erosion, flattening, osteophytes, revealed with CT, along with pain, noise in the joint, restriction of the jaw movement and deterioration of the chewing movement were characteristic signs of the TMJ. A correlation was found between bone changes and the severity of the clinical signs and symptoms of the TMJ. CT is a powerful diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of TMJ osteoarthritis <h3>References</h3> [1] Toller P. Osteoarthritis of the Mandibular Condyle. Brit Dent J.1973. 134:223–231 [2] Burkhause RV, Butler JS, Mitchel JM, and Pincus T. Effect of Arthritis on Wage Earning. J Gerontol. 1986. 41(2):277–281. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Social Media and Advancement of Women Physicians
Authors: Sasha K. Shillcutt, Julie K. Silver
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

Interview with Dr. Loren Rabinowitz on the hurdles and frustrations that female medical trainees face in a sexist culture. (08:58)Download As social media use by physicians increases, it may offer women physicians additional coping mechanisms, provide new avenues for sharing information, and perhaps reduce stigma associated with sexual harassment, burnout, and workplace culture.