tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The impact of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on virus-associated community-acquired pneumonia in elderly
Authors: S.M. Huijts, F.E.J. Coenjaerts, M. Bolkenbaas, C.H. van Werkhoven, D.E. Grobbee, M.J.M. Bonten
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2017)

ObjectivesOur objective was to evaluate whether vaccination with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) prevents the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by influenza (influenza-associated CAP, IA-CAP) or other respiratory viruses in the elderly.MethodsThis analysis was part of the Community-Acquired Pneumonia immunization Trial in Adults (CAPiTA); a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 84 496 immunocompetent individuals aged ≥65 years. CAP was defined by clinical and radiological criteria, and oropharyngeal swabs were collected from all individuals referred to a sentinel centre with a clinical suspicion of pneumonia. Presence of influenza A and B, parainfluenza 1, 2, 3 and 4, human adeno-, boca-, corona-, metapneumo-, rhino- and respiratory syncytial viruses was determined by real-time PCR.ResultsOf 3209 episodes of suspected pneumonia, viral aetiology was tested in 2917 and proportions with influenza virus, human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus were 4.6%, 2.5% and 3.1%, respectively. There were 1653 oropharyngeal swabs for PCR testing available from 1814 episodes that fulfilled criteria for CAP, yielding 23 first episodes of IA-CAP in the PCV13 and 35 in the in placebo group—vaccine efficacy for IA-CAP of 34.4% (95% CI –11.1% to 61.2%; p 0.117). Annual influenza vaccination was received by 672 (87.2%) in the PCV13 group and 719 (87.7%) in the placebo group of the confirmed CAP cases.ConclusionIn a randomized study of 84 496 elderly individuals with a high uptake of influenza vaccination, PCV13 was not associated with a statistically significant reduction of influenza or virus-associated CAP. Overall incidence of non-influenza viral pneumonia was low.
Abstract 20601: Atrial Fibrillation Complicating Non-Cardiothoracic Surgery (POAF) is Associated With Increased Mortality and Stroke: A Systematic Review
Authors: Joshua B Wenner, Karan Bami, Himabindu Samardhi, Pablo Nery, David Birnie, Girish Nair, Calum J Redpath
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: More than 37 million non-cardiothoracic operations are performed per year in the USA alone. Single studies have reported that POAF complicates non-cardiothoracic surgery in up to 12% ...
Incident Cancer in Cancer Survivors—When Cancer Lurks in the Background
Authors: Nancy E. Davidson
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Home Health Care
Authors: MARIE A. SMITH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1987Home Health CareMARIE A. SMITH, PHARM.D., BEVERLY L. BLACK, M.H.S.A.MARIE A. SMITH, PHARM.D.Search for more papers by this author, BEVERLY L. BLACK, M.H.S.A.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-4-643_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with great interest the position paper (1) on home health care. As a membership organization representing over 21 000 pharmacists in organized health care settings, the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists (ASHP) is interested in home health care issues. It was of primary concern that pharmacists were not mentioned in the position paper as health care professionals involved in home health care services. We wish to inform your readers of the types of home health care services provided by pharmacists.With the diversification of health care into the home setting, there has been an evolution...References1. . Home health care. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:454-60. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ASHP statement on the provision of pharmaceutical services in ambulatory care settings. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1980;37:1095. Google Scholar3. ASHP guidelines for pharmacist participation in home parenteral nutrition programs. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1983;40:1386-7. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. MCALLISTER J, ed. A Hospital Pharmacist's Guide to Home Healthcare. Bethesda: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists; 1986:1-190. Google Scholar5. CATANIA D and ROSNER M, eds. Home Health Care Practice. Palo Alto, California: Health Markets Research; 1986:1-341. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MARIE A. SMITH, PHARM.D.; BEVERLY L. BLACK, M.H.S.A.Affiliations: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists Bethesda, MD 20814 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1987Volume 106, Issue 4Page: 643-643KeywordsHealth careMedical servicesPharmacists ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 18441: 3d Printing is a Powerful Tool in the Management of Adult Patients With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Shafkat Anwar, Gautam K Singh, Pamela K Woodard, Pirooz Eghtesady, Joseph J Billadello
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: 3D printing is a promising technology that yields highly accurate replicas of a patient’s anatomy. We describe the use of 3D printing in adult patients with congenital heart defects (...
Inventário dos recursos e meios para controlo das doenças transmissíveis na União Europeia
Authors: S Salmaso
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

O Istituto Superiore di Sanita (ISS) em Roma, em colaboracao com o Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) em Londres e o Swedish Institute for Infectious Diseases Control (SIIDC) em Estocolmo, esta a conduzir uma analise tecnica e cientifica dos meios existentes para o controlo da doencas transmissiveis na Uniao Europeia (UE). O projecto, chamado EU-Inventory of CD control, e financiado pela Direccao Geral V (Saude Publica) da Comissao Europeia (EC).
Factors affecting adherence to standard cisplatin (CDDP)-based chemotherapy regimen for locally advanced squamous cell head and neck (H&amp;N) cancer in an inner city safety net hospital.
Authors: Sunny R K Singh, Sindhu Janarthanam Malapati, Pei Lu, Fred R. Rosen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

252 Background: The non-operative standard of care for advanced, non-metastatic H&amp;N cancer is high dose CDDP (100 mg/m2) given every 21 days for 3 cycles concurrent with radiation. Many patients are either started on or switched to an alternative regimen due to pre-treatment co-morbidities or development of CDDP related toxicity. In clinical practice, the percentage of patients not receiving current standard of care and reasons thereof are not well defined. This and the consequence of such deviation from treatment is what we propose to study. Methods: This is a retrospective study including 45 patients from 2014-2016 with advanced, non-metastatic H&amp;N cancer treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiation. All patients were evaluated by ENT, Medical and Radiation Oncology and were presented to the multidisciplinary H&amp;N Tumor board. Results: In the studied population, 73.3% were African Americans , 82.2 % males, 91.1% smokers and 97.7 % ECOG 0-1 at presentation. In all, 11.1% patients were unable to receive CDDP and received an alternate drug because of frailty, ECOG 2 status, pre-existing CKD, hearing problems or neuropathy. Of the 40 patients (88.8%) receiving CDDP, only 8 (17.7%) completed 3 cycles on schedule without changes. Of the remaining 32 (71.1%) receiving CDDP, 13 (40.6 %) were switched to alternate drug and 19 (59.3%) required only a dose decrease/delay. The reasons included CDDP related toxicity (54.05%), frailty or comorbidities (27%), worsening ECOG and fluid overload due to CDDP associated hydration. Toxicities leading to change in regimen included mostly AKI (63.15%) and also neutropenia, ototoxicity, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Mean duration of radiation therapy in patients receiving standard regimen was 52.2 days and in patients deviating from standard regimen was 55.1 days. Data supporting trend of poorer outcomes in those who deviate from standard regimen will be reported later. Conclusions: Majority of patients (82.2%) with advanced, non-metastatic H&amp;N cancer being treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiation deviate from standard of care CDDP regimen with at least half due to cisplatin related toxicity.
Formas clásicas y emergentes del botulismo: situación actual en Italia
Authors: P Aureli, L Fenica, G Franciosa
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1999)

El botulismo es una enfermedad poco frecuente, grave y paralizante. En el hombre se han descrito cuatro formas de botulismo: el botulismo transmitido por alimentos, el botulismo por heridas, de descripcion mas reciente, el botulismo del lactante y el botulismo ‘tipo infantil’ del adulto. Las dos ultimas formas a veces se agrupan bajo la denominacion ‘botulismo con toxemia intestinal’, para describir la infeccion intestinal por bacterias neurotoxicas de la especie Clostridium tanto en ninos pequenos como en adultos. Hasta la fecha, tres especies de Clostridium se han asociado a las cuatro formas de botulismo en el hombre: C. botulinum, la forma clasica, que produce las toxinas tipo A, B, E y F, y dos cepas raras, C. butyricum y C. baratii que producen toxinas tipo E y F botulinicas, respectivamente. Tanto la forma clasica como la de nueva aparicion o emergente han tenido lugar en Italia.
Redirecting TGF-β Signaling through the β-Catenin/Foxo Complex Prevents Kidney Fibrosis
Authors: Xi Qiao, Padmashree Rao, Yun Zhang, Lixin Liu, Min Pang, Hailong Wang, Min Hu, Xinrui Tian, Jianlin Zhang, Ye Zhao, Xin Maggie Wang, Chengshi Wang, Hong Yu, Fei Guo, Qi Cao, Yiping Wang, Yuan Min Wang, Geoff Yu Zhang, Vincent W Lee, Stephen I Alexander, Guoping Zheng, David C H Harris
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2017)

TGF-β is a key profibrotic factor, but targeting TGF-β to prevent fibrosis also abolishes its protective anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that we can redirect TGF-β signaling by preventing downstream profibrotic interaction of β-catenin with T cell factor (TCF), thereby enhancing the interaction of β-catenin with Foxo, a transcription factor that controls differentiation of TGF-β induced regulatory T cells (iTregs), and thus, enhance anti-inflammatory effects of TGF-β In iTregs derived from EL4 T cells treated with recombinant human TGF-β1 (rhTGF-β1) in vitro, inhibition of β-catenin/TCF transcription with ICG-001 increased Foxp3 expression, interaction of β-catenin and Foxo1, binding of Foxo1 to the Foxp3 promoter, and Foxo transcriptional activity. Moreover, the level of β-catenin expression positively correlated with the level of Foxo1 binding to the Foxp3 promoter and Foxo transcriptional activity. T cell fate mapping in Foxp3gfp Ly5.1/5.2 mice revealed that coadministration of rhTGF-β1 and ICG-001 further enhanced the expansion of iTregs and natural Tregs observed with rhTGF-β1 treatment alone. Coadministration of rhTGF-β1 with ICG-001 also increased the number of Tregs and reduced inflammation and fibrosis in the kidney fibrosis models of unilateral ureteric obstruction and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Notably, ICG-001 prevented the fibrosis in distant organs (lung and liver) caused by rhTGF-β1. Together, our results show that diversion of β-catenin from TCF- to Foxo-mediated transcription inhibits the β-catenin/TCF-mediated profibrotic effects of TGF-β while enhancing the β-catenin/Foxo-mediated anti-inflammatory effects. Targeting β-catenin/Foxo may be a novel therapeutic strategy in the treatment of fibrotic diseases that lead to organ failure.
Does prognostic uncertainty affect discussions of prognosis? Lessons from a survey of hematologic oncologists.
Authors: Oreofe Olukemi Odejide, Angel M. Cronin, Craig Earle, Jennifer W. Mack, James A. Tulsky, Gregory A. Abel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

45 Background: Although recent advances in cancer therapy have improved survival for patients with solid tumors, they have also increased the complexity of prognostication (Temel, JCO 2016). Prognostic uncertainty is particularly prevalent in hematologic oncology (LeBlanc, JOP 2014) and potentially a barrier to timely end-of-life (EOL) communication (Odejide, JCO 2016). Methods: In 2015, we mailed a 30-item survey to a national sample of hematologic oncologists randomly selected from the American Society of Hematology directory. The survey was developed through focus groups (n = 20) and cognitive debriefing (n = 5). We aimed to characterize respondents’ reports of prognostic discussions, as well as their timeliness and content. Results: We received 349 surveys from 48 states (response rate: 57%). Median time in practice was 25 years and 57% practiced in community settings. Overall, 60% reported discussing prognosis with “most” ( &gt; 95%) of their patients. Those with &lt; 15 years clinical experience (AOR = 0.54, 95% CI 0.31, 0.94) and those considering prognostic uncertainty to be a barrier to EOL care (AOR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.35, 0.92) were less likely to have prognostic discussions with “most” of their patients. When discussing prognosis, almost all (98%) reported typically having an initial discussion at diagnosis or during a period of stability; however, 18% reported either never readdressing prognosis or doing so only when death is clearly imminent. In terms of preferred terminology, 57% reported routinely having “general discussions of potentially curable disease,” while 43% preferred providing specific data such as percent chance of survival or median survival. Conclusions: The majority of hematologic oncologists in this large cohort reported discussing prognosis with their patients, but doing so qualitatively, focusing on whether cure is possible. About one-fifth reported not readdressing prognosis in a timely manner. These suggest that the prognostic uncertainty common with blood cancers fosters missed opportunities to convey what is known about prognosis. Given the growing difficulty in solid tumor prognostication, these data may foreshadow coming communication gaps for oncology as a whole.
Estancamiento de las tasas de cobertura de la vacunación antigripal entre grupos de alto riesgo en Polonia y Suecia en 2003-04 y 2004-05
Authors: M Kroneman, G A van Essen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

En este articulo se examinan las tasas de cobertura de la vacunacion antigripal (TCV) en Polonia y Suecia durante las temporadas gripales de 2003-04 y 2004-05. Se entrevisto a una muestra media de 2.500 personas en cada pais y cada temporada.
Abstract 19434: Smaller Ldl Peak Diameter is Causally Associated With Higher Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Danish Saleheen, Asif Rasheed, Wei Zhao, Sehrish Jabeen, Philippe Frossard, John Danesh, Daniel J Rader, Olle Melander, Ronald M Krauss
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Although there are multiple lines of evidence that levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are causally associated with coronary heart disease (CHD), it remains unknown whether LDL particle size distribution, as assessed by peak LDL particle diameter, is associated with CHD risk independent of LDL-C levels.   Methods:  We measured plasma lipoprotein particles and LDL peak diameter using a high-resolution ion mobility technique in 11,382 participants enrolled in the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study (MDC) (n = 4088) and the Pakistan Risk of Myocardial Infarction Study (PROMIS) (n = 7294). We first examined the association of LDL peak diameter with incident CHD events in the MDC cohort. Second, using genome-wide genotypes available in the two datasets, we sought associations with LDL peak diameter, and constructed a genetic risk score from genotypes associated with LDL peak diameter but not with levels of LDL-C or HDL-C or triglycerides or other lipoprotein subfractions. Using genotype data from an additional 60,801 CHD cases and 123,504 controls, we compared the Odds Ratio (OR) for incident CHD conferred by the observed variation in LDL peak diameter with the OR for CHD caused by the genetic risk score specifically associated with LDL peak diameter.   Results:  Per standard deviation decrease in LDL peak diameter was associated with increased risk of incident CHD in the MDC cohort independent of age, sex, type-2 diabetes, history of hypertension, and tobacco use (OR: 1.15; P = 10 -5 ). Of the variants associated with LDL peak diameter at the genome-wide significance threshold (P  -8 ), six were found to be associated with this trait but not with other lipid levels in an analyses involving 188,577 participants from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium. Each 1-SD decrease in LDL peak diameter as assessed by a risk score comprised of these six variants was associated with increased risk of CHD (OR: 1.20: P-value 3.5x10 -3 ), which is similar to the OR for incident CHD risk conferred by a 1-SD decrease in the observed LDL peak diameter.   Conclusions:  Using evidence from human genetic studies, we show that smaller LDL peak diameter is causally associated with higher risk of CHD independent of LDL-C or other plasma lipids.
Time-dependent factors associated with diminished transplant-free survival in patients with primary biliary cholangitis and an optimal response to ursodeoxycholic acid after one year of treatment
Authors: Willem J Lammers, Jorn C Goet, Marlyn J Mayo, Ann-Arosa Floreani, Pietro Invernizzi, Maren H Harms, Christophe Corpechot, Keith D Lindor, Cyriel Y Ponsioen, Harry L Janssen, Douglas Thorburn, Pier Maria Battezzati, Frederik Nevens, George Dalekos, Albert Pares, Tony Bruns, Andrew Mason, Kris Kowdley, Gideon Hirschfield, Xavier Verhelst, Bettina E Hansen, Henk R van Buuren
Journal: Hepatology (2017)
Abstract 14028: Diagnostic Accuracy of Optical Frequency Domain Imaging for Identifying Necrotic Core With Intraplaque Hemorrhage in Advanced Human Carotid Plaques: A Histopathological Validation Study
Authors: Kenichi Fujii, Hiroyuki Hao, Seigo Shindo, Manabu Shirakawa, kazutaka Uchida, Rika Kawakami, Kenji Kawai, Seiichi Hirota, Shinichi Yoshimura
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI), a light-based high-resolution imaging, has been shown to be capable of identifying vulnerable plaque constituents, such as necrotic core.   Hypothesis:  OFDI is capable of imaging plaque morphologies for advanced atherosclerotic carotid artery plaques, focusing on size of necrotic core and intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH).   Methods:  Eleven symptomatic patients scheduled for carotid endarterectomy underwent OFDI at the preoperative angiography. Specimens were excised intact without disruption of the luminal surface within 72 hours after OFDI. Sections were taken every 3 mm and stained for histological evaluation (65 sections). The histological diagnoses were classified into either fibrous tissue, superficial foam cells, necrotic core, calcification, and organized thrombus. The ratio of IPH/plaque area was graded into 3 scales: 3, ≥40%; 2, ≥20%; 1,    Results:  There was a good correlation of the fibrous cap thickness between OFDI and histology (y = 0.86x + 4.8; r = 0.92; p    Conclusions:  The OFDI provides high diagnostic accuracy for the analysis of the tissue characteristics, including large necrotic core with high-grade IPH, of carotid artery plaques. This high-resolution imaging technique has the potential to alter the understanding and treatment of carotid artery disease.
Mainstreaming genetic counselling for genetic testing of BRCA1/2 in ovarian cancer patients in Malaysia (MaGIC study)
Authors: S.Y.Y. Yoon, S.W. Wong, N.S. Ahmad, S. Mariapun, T. Hassan, H. Padmanabhan, J. Lim, A. George, M.K. Thong, G.S. Chng, S.H. Teo, E. Bleiker, Y.L. Woo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Personal Sound Amplification Products for Hearing Loss—Reply
Authors: Nicholas S. Reed, Frank R. Lin
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal