tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P3-14-11: Comparative effectiveness of antiemetic regimens for highly emetogenic chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: T Yokoe, T Hayashida, A Nagayama, T Seki, M Takahashi, T Takano, T Abe, Y Kitagawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background The optimal choice of antiemetic therapy for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) needs to be clarified. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of antiemetic regimens for highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). Methods Randomized trials that compared different antiemetic regimens were included from MEDLINE. Quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. We followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Data were pooled using random-effects models. We conducted indirect comparisons using network meta-analysis of a Bayesian model. The main outcomes were the odds ratio (OR) for overall complete response (CR [i.e., no emesis and no rescue]). Safety was assessed from the trial description. All statistical tests were two-sided. Findings We systematically reviewed 24 randomized control trials (12,104 participants), which compared 12 different antiemetic regimens. Palonosetron (PAL) 0·75 mg (PAL0·75) + dexamethasone (Dex); aprepitant (APR) + a serotonin-3 receptor antagonist (5HT3) + Dex; and APR + PAL (0·25 mg or 0·50 mg) + Dex were more favorable than the reference regimen (OR, 1·51; 95% credibility interval [95%CrI], 1·18-1·91; OR, 1·78; 95%CrI, 1·58-2·05; and OR, 2·28; 95%CrI, 1·66-3·18, respectively). The oral combination of netupitant and palonosetron (NEPA) was more effective than conventional regimens (OR, 2·39; CrI, 1·73-3·30). Olanzapine (OLZ)-containing regimens were apparently the most effective: the ORs of OLZ + 5HT3 + Dex, OLZ + PAL + Dex, and OLZ + APR + 5HT3 + Dex were 2·78, 2·58, and 4·98, respectively. Interpretation The regimens of PAL0·75 + Dex, APR + 5HT3 + Dex, and APR + PAL + Dex were more favorable in conventional regimens (i.e., regimens without NEPA or OLZ), which support the NCCN guideline strategy. NEPA could be a better choice than conventional regimens. OLZ-containing regimens could be an optimal choice; thus, more trials need to be accumulated. Citation Format: Yokoe T, Hayashida T, Nagayama A, Seki T, Takahashi M, Takano T, Abe T, Kitagawa Y. Comparative effectiveness of antiemetic regimens for highly emetogenic chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: A systematic review and network meta-analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-14-11.
Critical Role Of Lung Macrophage-Derived Npy In The Pathogenesis Of Influenza Virus Infection
Authors: H. Takao, M. Higashiya, S. Fujiwara, D. Lex, S. Uhlig, K. Kuba, Q. Zhiwei, M. Gando, R. Hara, Y. Imai
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)
Abstract P5-21-31: Treatment patterns and outcomes of pertuzumab in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel as first-line treatment of metastatic HER-2 positive breast cancer : Comparison of Czech clinical registry and CLEOPATRA trial data
Authors: H Studentova, K Petrakova, P Tesarova, T Buchler, R Chloupkova, K Hejduk, B Melichar
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Key words: pertuzumab, HER-2 positive, breast cancer Background: The present retrospective analysis was conducted to evaluate efficacy of pertuzumab, a monoclonal antibody, used in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel as first-line therapy for metastatic HER-2 positive breast cancer in real-world clinical practice. The database of the Czech Clinical Registry of cancer patients treated with pertuzumab was used. Materials and methods: Data of patients included in the national registry were analyzed and the outcomes were compared with the results of the Phase III CLEOPATRA trial (Baselga et al 2012). The registry is estimated to cover at least 95% of patients treated with the regimen outside of clinical trials. Results: : A total of 182 patients (mean age 56.5 years) were included in the present analysis. Patients had performance status of 0 (61.0%) or 1 (39%), 64.6% were postmenopausal, 62,6% had visceral disease and 36.8% received neo/adjuvant trastuzumab. The median progression-free survival of 21.2 months (95% CI 12.2–NR [not reached]) for patients included in the registry was longer, compared to 18.5 months reported in the CLEOPATRA trial, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (p=0.13). Best response was evaluable in 79.7% of patients. The overall response and disease control rates were 57.2% and 98.6%, respectively. Median overall survival has not been reached; the survival at 18 months was 86.6% (95% CI 75.7%-92.9%). Pertuzumab with trastuzumab and docetaxel was well tolerated with adverse events (AEs) attributed to pertuzumab reported in 8 patients. No AEs were life- threatening. Conclusion: Pertuzumab in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel is an effective and well-tolerated first-line therapy for patients with metastatic HER-2 positive breast cancer in real-world clinical practice setting. The PFS observed was consistent with data of CLEOPATRA trial. Citation Format: Studentova H, Petrakova K, Tesarova P, Buchler T, Chloupkova R, Hejduk K, Melichar B. Treatment patterns and outcomes of pertuzumab in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel as first-line treatment of metastatic HER-2 positive breast cancer : Comparison of Czech clinical registry and CLEOPATRA trial data [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-21-31.
Detection and oncological impact of circulating tumor cells in bladder cancer patients with presence of copy number variations of circulating cell free DNA.
Authors: Armin Soave, Heidi Schwarzenbach, Malte Vetterlein, Jessica Rührup, Oliver Engel, Roland Dahlem, Margit Fisch, Klaus Pantel, Sabine Riethdorf, Michael Rink
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

495 Background: To investigate detection and oncological impact of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in bladder cancer patients with presence of copy number variations (CNV) of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) treated with radical cystectomy (RC). Methods: Secondary analysis of 85 bladder cancer patients, who were prospectively enrolled and treated with RC at our institution between 2011 and 2014. Blood samples were obtained preoperatively. For CTC analysis, blood was analyzed with the CellSearch system (Janssen). cfDNA was extracted from serum using the PME DNA Extraction kit (Analytik Jena). Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was carried out to identify CNV of cfDNA. In a single reaction MLPA allows analyzing CNV in 43 chromosomal regions containing 37 genes. Results: MLPA was suitable for characterization of CNV in 72 patients (84.7%). Data on CTC was available for 45 of these patients (62.5%). In total, 7 patients (15.6%) had CTC with a median CTC count of one (IQR: 1-3). In 21 patients (46.7%), one to 6 deleted or amplified chromosomal regions were detected with a median CNV count of 2 (IQR: 1-2). Overall, most changes were located in the genes CDH1, RIPK2 and ZFHX3 in 8 patients (17.8%), 6 patients (13.3%) and 5 patients (11.1%). Chromosomal aberrations were most frequently found on chromosome 8 in 8 patients (17.8%). Overall, presence of CTC was not associated with CNV status. However, presence of CTC was associated with copy number losses in miR-15a (p = 0.011). Patients with CTC had reduced recurrence-free survival (RFS) compared to patients without CTC (p = 0.012). In combined Kaplan-Meier analysis, patients with CTC plus presence of CNV had reduced cancer-specific survival (CSS) and RFS compared to patients without CTC but with presence of CNV (p≤0.035). In addition, patients with CTC plus presence of CNV had reduced RFS compared to patients without CTC and without presence of CNV (p = 0.028). Conclusions: CTC and CNV of various genes are detectable in peripheral blood of bladder cancer patients. The presence of CTC seems to be associated with CNV of specific genes. CTC have a negative impact on survival in patients with and without presence of CNV.
Monroe’s Mark
Authors: Tyler Marion, Kevin Cao, Jorge Roman
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Fund IVF fully to lower rates of multiple pregnancies, says royal college
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Full government funding of the recommended three cycles of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) would reduce rates of multiple pregnancies and the cost to the NHS of treating complications in mothers and babies, the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists has said.

In 2011 almost one in five (19.8%) IVF deliveries in the UK involved a multiple birth, while in Sweden, which has a similar live birth rate to the UK, it was 4.9% in 2011, the college said in a scientific impact paper.1

The high rate …
INTRACARDIAC ECHOCARDIOGRAM ELIMINATES THE NEED FOR ROUTINE TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY TO ASSESS FOR PERICARDIAL EFFUSION AFTER ATRIAL FIBRILLATION CATHETER ABLATION
Authors: Yekaterina Kim, Akiva A. Dym, Jorge Romero, Navid Ahmed, Joshua Josephs, Nils Guttenplan, Soo Gyum Kim, Andrea Natale, Eugene Palma, Andrew Krumerman, Kevin Ferrick, Daniel Sims, Luigi Di Biase
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Pink Papules in a Patient With Salivary Duct Carcinoma
Authors: Connie R. Shi, Alvaro C. Laga, Vinod E. Nambudiri
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

A 46-year-old man with salivary duct carcinoma of the right parotid gland presented for evaluation of a 3-week history of multiple new pruritic skin lesions on the right chest and endorsed erythematous skin changes within the field of radiation. What is your diagnosis?
BMA urges government to reverse public health cuts
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Government cuts to public health funding must be reversed to stop health inequalities from widening, the BMA has urged.

In a new briefing paper,1 the association says that reductions to local authorities’ public health budgets in England are leading to “unacceptable variation” in the quality and availability of services. “This is likely to have a detrimental impact on population health, increase future demand for treatment services, and [risk] widening health inequalities,” it warns.

Last month the government rejected a recommendation …
Diploma of the Faculty of Family Planning (DFFP)
Authors: Ruth Smith
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Anyone involved in offering contraceptive and sexual health services.

During my first year as a senior house officer in obstetrics and gynaecology.

Colleagues in both obstetrics and primary care had recommended the diploma as relevant to everyday practice. It also develops skills that are transferable to several branches of medicine.

In order to qualify for the diploma you must attend a three day theory course and successfully complete eight assessed practical sessions. I did a couple of hours reading during the theory …
Rudeness in medical teams harms clinical performance, study finds
Authors: Matthew Limb
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Rudeness in medical teams harms clinical performance and could have “potentially devastating” consequences for patients, a study has found.

The Israeli study looked at the performance of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) teams who were exposed to rude comments by a visiting expert observing their work. It found that rudeness adversely affected both “diagnostic and procedural performance.” The researchers behind the study believed that their findings could reflect the “tip of the iceberg” of damaging incivility that “runs rampant in healthcare organisations.”

The study, a randomised, double blind trial, was published in Pediatrics , the journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics.1 It involved four hospitals and 24 NICU teams, each comprising one physician and two nurses.

Participants were set a task using a medical mannequin. The participants had to …
Alpha-Adrenergic Receptors in PTSD — Failure or Time for Precision Medicine?
Authors: Kerry J Ressler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating, common, and sometimes deadly psychiatric condition that occurs in the aftermath of extremely distressing and life-threatening exposure to trauma. PTSD is found in 5 to 10% of the U.S. population, and the percentage is even higher in special populations that have been exposed to severe trauma, including veterans and active-duty soldiers. It is one of the most common disorders associated with suicide and with aggressive behavior. The symptoms of PTSD include hyperarousal, an increased startle response, the avoidance of trauma reminders, and the reexperiencing of traumatic events (flashbacks), as well as alteration of . . .
Can anyone advise me on books to prepare for the MRCOG part 1 exam?
Authors: Philip Owen
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Have a career or related problem that needs answering? Can't find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site. [www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone][1] [1]: http://www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone
UK has fewer doctors per person than most other OECD countries
Authors: Tom Moberly
Journal: BMJ (2017)

The UK has fewer doctors per head of population than most other countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), figures published by the organisation show.

Out of the 33 countries for which the OECD has provided data, the UK ranks 22nd (fig 1⇓). The only European countries with fewer doctors …
Abstract PD7-13: Molecular characterization and mortality from breast cancer in men
Authors: SA Massarweh, GW Sledge, DP Miller, D McCullough, VI Petkov, S Shak
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background: Limited data exist on the molecular biology, treatment, and outcomes of breast cancer in men and much of our understanding in this area remains largely an extrapolation from data in women with breast cancer. Methods: We studied men and women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer and 21-gene test (RS) results. Patients with negative nodes, micrometastasis, and 1-3 positive nodes were included. Differences in clinical characteristics and gene expression were determined and distribution of RS results was analyzed and correlated with 5-year breast cancer specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS). Results: There were 3806 men and 571115 women. Men were older than women (mean age 64.2 vs. 59.1 years, p&amp;lt;0.001). RS &amp;lt;18 predominated in both genders, but RS ≥31 was more frequent in men (12.4% vs. 7.4%, p&amp;lt;0.001) as were very low scores (RS &amp;lt;11) (33.8% vs. 22.1%, p&amp;lt;0.001). Mean gene expression was higher in men for the ER, proliferation, and invasion groups. ER was lowest and PR highest in women &amp;lt;50 years, with a progressive increase in ER with age. Men &amp;lt;50 years had slightly lower ER and PR compared to older men. Survival data was available from SEER for 322 men and 55842 women. 5-year estimates for BCSS differed significantly between RS groups for both men (p=0.003) and women (p&amp;lt;0.001). For men, the 5-year BCSS was 99.0% and 95.9% with RS &amp;lt;18 and RS 18-30, respectively, and for women it was 99.5% and 98.6%, regardless of nodal status. RS ≥31 was associated with a 5-year BCSS of 81.0% in men and 94.9% in women. The prognostic utility of RS was evident in both men and women, despite the progressive increase in adjuvant chemotherapy use with higher RS results. 5-year BCSS and OS were overall lower in men than in women. Conclusion: This large genomic study reveals some distinctive biologic features of breast cancer in men and an important prognostic role for 21-gene testing in both men and women, regardless of nodal status. Future adjuvant trials in ER-positive breast cancer should focus on targeting endocrine-resistance in those patients with RS ≥31, and need to consider the weight of competing causes of mortality when investigating the value of any additional treatment beyond endocrine therapy. Citation Format: Massarweh SA, Sledge GW, Miller DP, McCullough D, Petkov VI, Shak S. Molecular characterization and mortality from breast cancer in men [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD7-13.
The impact of race on adverse pathologic features at the time of radical prostatectomy in men with prostate cancer and implications for adjuvant radiotherapy.
Authors: Gregory Arthur Jordan, Richa Bhasin, Alec Block, Alex Gorbonos, Marcus Lee Quek, Gopal Nand Gupta, Robert Charles Flanigan, Matthew M. Harkenrider, Abhishek A Solanki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

75 Background: Patients with adverse pathologic features (≥pT3 disease or positive margins) at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP) have higher biochemical recurrence (BR). Adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) reduces BR, but has potential toxicities. Also, studies suggest Black men are more likely to have aggressive prostate cancer. Our objective was to identify whether black men undergoing RP are more likely to have adverse pathologic features (APF) that lead to an indication for ART. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of men with cT1-4 Nx/0 Mx/0 prostate adenocarcinoma in the National Cancer Database who underwent RP. Race was divided into 3 groups (Caucasian, Black, Other). Chi-square tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used to compare clinical and socioeconomic covariates between race groups. Univariate (UVA) and multivariable analysis (MVA) were performed using logistic regression (LR) to identify covariates predicting for APF. LR was performed to identify the impact of race on pT3 disease and positive margins. Results: A total of 313,013 patients diagnosed between 2004-2014 and undergoing RP were included. 256,315 (85%) were Caucasian, 33,725 (11%) were Black, and 12,973 (4%) were Other race. Fewer Black men had Gleason group 1 (33% vs. 41%) but more had Gleason group 2 disease (46% vs. 38%, p &lt; 0.001). Black men more frequently had PSA ≥10 ng/ml (18% vs. 16%, p &lt; 0.001) and ≥cT2b disease (18% vs. 14%, p &lt; 0.001). On UVA, Black men were more likely to have APF (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.18; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.15-1.21; [p &lt; 0.001]). On MVA, black race was independently associated with having APF (OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.18-1.24; p &lt; 0.001). Black men were more likely to have positive margins (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.22-1.29; p &lt; 0.001) but less likely to have ≥pT3 disease (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.74-0.79; p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Independent of socioeconomic and clinical factors, Black men undergoing RP are more likely to have APF, increasing the risk of BR in this group, and more frequently creating an indication for ART. This appears to be more due to positive margins than locally advanced tumor. The underlying cause of this disparity warrants further exploration.
A public antibody lineage that potently inhibits malaria infection through dual binding to the circumsporozoite protein
Authors: Joshua Tan, Brandon K Sack, David Oyen, Isabelle Zenklusen, Luca Piccoli, Sonia Barbieri, Mathilde Foglierini, Chiara Silacci Fregni, Jessica Marcandalli, Said Jongo, Salim Abdulla, Laurent Perez, Giampietro Corradin, Luca Varani, Federica Sallusto, Betty Kim Lee Sim, Stephen L Hoffman, Stefan H I Kappe, Claudia Daubenberger, Ian A Wilson, Antonio Lanzavecchia
Journal: Nature Medicine (2018)
Abstract P1-07-29: Clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors of pure mucinous breast cancer
Authors: SC Gwark, JW Lee, SB Lee, G Sohn, J Kim, IY Chung, HJ Kim, BS Ko, BH Son, SH Ahn
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background: Mucinous carcinoma of the breast is a uncommon particular type of breast cancer and comprises approximately 4% of all invasive breast cancers. It is charactarized by abundant extracellular mucin production and present a more favorable prognosis than IDC-NOS. Pathologically, mucinous carcinoma is divided into two subtypes : pure and mixed. In this study, we reviewed the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors of pure mucinous carcinoma. Methods: We reviewed the 23 years cumulative data of pure mucinous breast cancer patients from database of the Breast Cancer Center at ASAN medical center, Korea, between 1989-2011, retrospectively. Total 386 pure mucinous carcinoma cases were reviewed to analyze clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis. Result: Total of 386 patients with pure mucinous breast cancer were identified. Mean age was 46.7. 149 patients underwent modified radical mastectomy and 236 underwent breast-conserving therapy. The T-stage was T1 in 187 patients, T2 in 178 patients, T3 in 17 patient and T4 in 4 patients. Node negative was 325 and node positive was 61. Estrogen receptor was positive in 342 and negative in 29. Progesterone receptor was positive in 276 and negative in 95. HER-2 was positive in 47 and negative in 273. 152 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and 240 patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. 351 patients received hormone therapy and among these patients, 231 patients were treated with Tamoxifen alone, 81 were Tamoxifen with ovarian function suppression, 37 were AI only and one patient was ovarian function suppression only. The 5 year disease free survival rate was 93.3%, 5 year cancer specific survival rate was 98.2% and 5 year overall survival rate was 96.6%. Univariate analysis showed that ER status, nodal status and Her2 status were appear to be prognostic factor of Disease free survival rate. Using Cox regression, result of multivariate analysis revealed that only nodal status is the most significant prognostic factor for survival rate. Conclusions: Pure mucinous carcinoma of the breast is a rare subtype with a favorable prognosis. Nodal status rather than ER status, Her2 status are considered to be the most significant prognostic factor of pure mucinos breast cancer. Citation Format: Gwark SC, Lee JW, Lee SB, Sohn G, Kim J, Chung IY, Kim HJ, Ko BS, Son BH, Ahn SH. Clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors of pure mucinous breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-07-29.