tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Complete neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer (CONTRE): A Brown University Oncology Research Group phase II study.
Authors: Kimberly Perez, Nishit Shah, Victor Pricolo, Matthew Vrees, Leslie Roth, Steven Schechter, Adam Klipfel, Thomas A. DiPetrillo, Timothy J. Kinsella, Nicklas B. E. Oldenburg, Murray B. Resnick, Kayla Rosati, Howard Safran, William M. Sikov
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

3530 Background: After preoperative chemoradiation and surgery, many patients (pts) with clinical stage II-III rectal cancer are unable to tolerate adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy, which may compromise disease-free and overall survival (DFS/OS). This study was designed to assess treatment delivery, toxicity and impact on pathologic response of administering chemotherapy prior to chemoradiation and surgery. Methods: Pts with clinical T3-4 and/or N1-2 rectal cancer, staged by endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) and pelvic MRI, received modified (m) FOLFOX6 every two weeks x eight cycles, followed by 50.4 Gy IMRT with concurrent capecitabine 825mg/m2 BID, 5 days per week, followed by surgery 4-8 weeks later. Results: There were 39 pts enrolled between August 2010 and June 2012; median age was 61 (30-79); clinical stage II n=7, stage III n=32. Distance from the anal verge: <3cm n=5; 3-5cm n=5; >5cm n=29. There were four pts presented with lumen obstruction preventing advancement of the endoscope and 31 with rectal bleeding. There were 36 pts (92%) completed eight cycles of mFOLFOX6. Grade 3 toxicities during chemotherapy included diarrhea (n=2), neutropenia (n=6), and renal dysfunction (n=1). There was one pt with a cardiovascular disease had a TIA (grade 4). There was one pt had grade 4 neutropenia. All pts had resolution of bleeding and improvement of obstructive symptoms, with no complications requiring surgical intervention. There as two pts declined radiation after completing chemotherapy, and one withdrew due to grade 3 diarrhea. At surgery, pathologic complete response (ypT0N0) (pCR) was confirmed in 13 pts (33%; 95% CI 18.24%-47.76%), residual stage I in 10 (26%), stage II in seven (18%), and stage III in eight (20%); one pt did not undergo surgery. There was two pts with microsatellite unstable tumors had no evidence of response to treatment. Conclusions: Over 90%of pts wereable to complete mFOLFOX6 when administered prior to chemoradiation and surgery. The pCR rate was higher than typically seen with chemoradiation alone. A randomized study would be required to determine if improved delivery of chemotherapy using this approach improves DFS/OS, but CONTRE represents a well-tolerated alternative to the current standard treatment sequence and could serve as a platform for clinical trials in rectal cancer. Clinical trial information: NCT01363843.
Management of Progressive Pulmonary Nodules Found during and outside of CT Lung Cancer Screening Studies
Authors: Mathias Meyer, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart, Thomas Henzler, Daniel Buergy, Frank A. Giordano, Michael Kostrzewa, Nils Rathmann, Odd Terje Brustugun, Lucio Crino, Anne-Marie C. Dingemans, Michael Dusmet, Dean Fennell, Dominique Grunenwald, Rudolf Maria Huber, Marcin Moniuszko, Francoise Mornex, Mauro Papotti, Lothar Pilz, Suresh Senan, Kostas Syrigos, Maurice Pérol, Jhanelle E. Gray, Christoph Schabel, Jan P. van Meerbeeck, Nico van Zandwijk, Cai Cun Zhou, Christian Manegold, Wieland Voigt, Eric Dominic Roessner
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Childhood chronic prurigo: Interest in patch tests and delayed-reading skin prick tests to environmental allergens
Authors: Claire Maridet, Martin Perromat, Juliette Miquel, Christine Chiaverini, Didier Bessis, Audrey Lasek, Maryam Piram, Anne-Claire Bursztejn, Claire Abasq, Alice Phan, Ludovic Martin, Bérénice Bréchat, Jin Ho Chong, Julien Seneschal, Alain Taïeb, Franck Boralevi
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)
Psychiatric evaluation of adults: Second edition
Authors: Michael J. Vergare, Renée L. Binder, Ian A. Cook, Marc Galanter, Francis G Lu, John S. McIntyre, Sara C. Charles, Daniel J. Anzia, Molly T. Finnerty, Bradley R. Johnson, James E. Nininger, Paul Summergrad, Sherwyn M. Woods, Joel Yager
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)
Risk factors and a prognostic model for postsplenectomy survival in myelofibrosis
Authors: Ayalew Tefferi, Mythri Mudireddy, Naseema Gangat, Curtis A. Hanson, Rhett P. Ketterling, Animesh Pardanani, David M. Nagorney
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2017)

Palliative treatment in myelofibrosis (MF) includes transfusion support, JAK2 inhibitors, involved field radiotherapy and splenectomy. To assist in selecting patients who are likely to benefit from splenectomy, we looked into risk factors for postsplenectomy survival, in 120 consecutive cases (median age 66 years); at the time of splenectomy, 61% displayed red cell transfusion need, 49% platelet count <100 × 10(9)/L, 25% leukocyte count >25 × 10(9)/L, 60% constitutional symptoms and 13% circulating blasts ≥5%; dynamic international prognostic scoring system risk categories were 21% high, 55% intermediate-2, 21% intermediate-1 and 3% low. Among informative cases, karyotype was abnormal in 60% and driver mutational status was JAK2 75%, CALR 15%, MPL 4% and triple-negative 6%. At median follow-up of 1.3 years, from time of splenectomy, 95 (79%) deaths and 30 (25%) leukemic transformations were recorded. Median postsplenectomy survival was 1.5 years; in multivariable analysis, survival was adversely affected by age >65 years, transfusion need, leukocyte count >25 × 10(9)/L and circulating blasts ≥5%; these variables were subsequently used to devise an HR-weighted scoring system with high (3-4 risk factors), intermediate (2 risk factors) and low (0-1 risk factors) risk categories; the corresponding postsplenectomy median survivals were 0.3 (HR 5.9, 95% CI 3.2-11.0), 1.3 (HR 2.9, 95% CI 1.8-4.6) and 2.9 years. Postsplenectomy survival was not affected by driver mutational status or occurrence of leukemic transformation. Leukemia-free survival was predicted by very high risk karyotype. The observations from the current study might help identify appropriate candidates for splenectomy in MF.
Abstract 17946: How Common is New Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Single Chamber ICD Patients? Sub-analysis From the PainFree SST Study
Authors: Edward J Schloss, Angelo Auricchio, Takashi Kurita, Albert Meijer, Tyson Rogers, Tomoyuki Tejima, Mark L Brown, Laurence D Sterns
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Nearly 75% of ICD recipients have no history of atrial fibrillation (AF) at the time of initial implantation. Yet, many of these patients will develop new onset AF after implant which can lead to serious consequences if not detected and treated. To date, detection algorithms in single-chamber ICDs are not able to detect AF. We investigate how common is new onset AF in single chamber (SC) ICD recipients compared to CRT-D and dual chamber (DC) ICD recipients. Methods: A total of 924 patients with no history of AF from the PainFree SST study (CRT-D: N=321, DC ICD: N=303, SC ICD: N=300) were investigated. We used data from dual-chamber ICDs to estimate the incidence of new-onset AT/AF in SC ICD patients. A propensity score weighted analysis was performed using DC ICD data to match the baseline data of SC ICD patients. Patients with pacing indication were excluded from this evaluation because they would not be indicated for SC ICD. AT/AF-related complications include AT/AF-related serious adverse events, thromboembolic events, progress to AF lasting 7 days or more as well as inappropriate shocks due to AT/AF. Simulated SC ICD results were compared to actual DC and CRT-D results. Results: For AF episodes lasting 6 minutes or more, the incidence rates in CRT-D, DC ICD, and the estimated SC ICD were 28.0%, 23.4%, and 20.5% at 24 months, respectively (Table). The estimated incidence rates of AT/AF episodes in patients with SC ICD were comparable to those of DC ICD in each episode duration. Once the patients experienced first AT/AF episode, the complications were common (Table). Conclusions: AT/AF was frequently detected following implant in patients with no AF history receiving ICD or CRT-D and is associated subsequent AT/AF-related complications even in SC ICD recipients. Therefore, AT/AF monitoring in all ICDs patients may identify those at risk for these complications.
Severe Knee Joint Damage From Syphilitic Arthritis
Authors: Zhuochao Zhou, Chengde Yang, Junna Ye
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2017)

A 56-year-old man presented with bilateral swollen knees and associated arthralgia. The right knee had been swollen for six years whilst the left knee had only been swollen for four months. His background was that he worked as a sailor and reported a history of multiple unprotected sexual encounters and had been treated intermittently in the hospitals.

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Molecular Tumor Boards: current practice and future needs
Authors: D.L. van der Velden, C.M.L. van Herpen, H.W.M. van Laarhoven, E.F. Smit, H.J.M. Groen, S.M. Willems, P.M. Nederlof, M.H.G. Langenberg, E. Cuppen, S. Sleijfer, N. Steeghs, E.E. Voest
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Epacadostat plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced RCC: Preliminary phase I/II results from ECHO-202/KEYNOTE-037.
Authors: Primo Lara, Todd Michael Bauer, Omid Hamid, David C. Smith, Thomas Gajewski, Tara C. Gangadhar, Bradley G. Somer, Emmett V. Schmidt, Yufan Zhao, Hema Gowda, Anthony J. Olszanski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

4515 Background: Epacadostat (E) is a potent oral inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), a tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme that induces immune tolerance by T-cell suppression. Preclinical and clinical data suggest that epacadostat has antitumor activity when combined with checkpoint inhibitors, including the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab (P). ECHO-202/KEYNOTE-037 is an ongoing open-label, phase 1/2 (P1/2) study evaluating E + P in multiple tumor types. We report preliminary P1/2 efficacy and safety data for the advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cohort as of a 29OCT2016 data cutoff. Methods: Eligible patients (pts) had advanced clear-cell RCC, prior antiangiogenic therapy (tx), and no prior checkpoint inhibitor tx. In P1 dose escalation (3+3+3), pts received E (25, 50, 100, or 300 mg PO BID) + P (2 mg/kg or 200 mg IV Q3W); MTD was not exceeded. E (100 mg BID) + P (200 mg Q3W) dosing was selected for P2 cohort expansion. Response was assessed in RECIST 1.1 evaluable pts. Safety/tolerability was assessed in pts receiving ≥1 E + P dose. Results: 33 pts (P1, n = 11; P2, n = 22) were enrolled (median age, 63 years; 70% men; 97% white; MSKCC criteria of favorable, intermediate, and poor in 6%, 64%, and 12% of pts, respectively). Of 30 efficacy-evaluable pts, 63% (n = 19) had 0–1 prior tx and 37% (n = 11) had ≥2 prior tx for advanced disease. ORR (CR+PR) and DCR (CR+PR+SD) for pts with 0–1 prior tx was 47% (9/19; 1 CR, 8 PR) and 58% (11/19; 1 CR, 8 PR, 2 SD), respectively; for pts with ≥2 prior tx, ORR and DCR were 0% and 36% (4/11; all SD). At data cutoff, 9/9 responses were ongoing (range, 1+ to 372+ days). PFS and biomarker analyses are ongoing. TRAEs occurring in ≥10% of the 33 pts included fatigue and rash (36% each); and arthralgia, diarrhea, pruritus, and pyrexia (12% each). Grade ≥3 TRAEs occurred in 15% of pts (none in &gt; 1 pt). Two pts discontinued due to TRAEs (grade 3 autoimmune hepatitis, n = 1; grade 3 aseptic meningitis/headache/nausea/vomiting/anxiety, n = 1). Conclusions: E + P was generally well tolerated and associated with encouraging response outcomes in advanced RCC pts with 0–1 prior line of tx. E + P represents a novel immunotherapeutic strategy. A phase 3 RCC study is planned. Clinical trial information: NCT02178722.
Identifying patient and practice characteristics associated with patient-reported experiences of safety problems and harm: a cross-sectional study using a multilevel modelling approach
Authors: Ignacio Ricci-Cabello, David Reeves, Brian G Bell, Jose M Valderas
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Objective: To identify patient and family practice characteristics associated with patient-reported experiences of safety problems and harm.
Design: Cross-sectional study combining data from the individual postal administration of the validated Patient Reported Experiences and Outcomes of Safety in Primary Care (PREOS-PC) questionnaire to a random sample of patients in family practices (response rate =18.4%) and practice level data for those practices obtained from NHS Digital. We built linear multilevel multivariate regression models to model the association between patient (clinical and sociodemographic) and practice level (size and case-mix, human resources, indicators of quality and safety of care, and practice safety activation) characteristics, and outcome measures.
Setting: General practices distributed across five regions in the North, Centre and South of England.
Participants: 1,190 patients registered in 45 practices purposefully sampled (maximal variation in practice size and levels of deprivation).
Main outcome measures: Self-reported safety problems, harm, and overall perception of safety. 
Results: Higher self-reported levels of safety problems were associated with younger age of patients (beta coefficient 0.15) and lower levels of practice safety activation (0.44). Higher self-reported levels of harm were associated with younger age (0.13) and worse self-reported health status (0.23). Lower self-reported healthcare safety was associated with lower levels of practice safety activation (0.40). The fully adjusted models explained 4.5% of the variance in experiences of safety problems, 8.6% of the variance in harm, and 4.4% of the variance in perceptions of patient safety. 
Conclusions: Practices’ safety activation levels and patients’ age and health status are associated with patient-reported safety outcomes in English family practices. The development of interventions aimed at improving patient safety outcomes would benefit from focusing on the identified groups.
Internet based e-learning systems: a tool for the future in endoscopy
Authors: Pedro Pimentel-Nunes, James Buxbaum
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

See also: Evaluation of an e-learning system for diagnosis of gastric lesions using magnifying narrow-band imaging: a multicenter randomized controlled studyEndoscopy eFirstDOI: 10.1055/s-0043-111888
RNAi-based treatment of chronically infected patients and chimpanzees reveals that integrated hepatitis B virus DNA is a source of HBsAg
Authors: Christine I. Wooddell, Man-Fung Yuen, Henry Lik-Yuen Chan, Robert G. Gish, Stephen A. Locarnini, Deborah Chavez, Carlo Ferrari, Bruce D. Given, James Hamilton, Steven B. Kanner, Ching-Lung Lai, Johnson Y. N. Lau, Thomas Schluep, Zhao Xu, Robert E. Lanford, David L. Lewis
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2017)

The hepatitis B virus surface antigen, key to maintaining chronic infection, is expressed from viral DNA integrated into the host chromosome.
An international study to revise the EORTC questionnaire for assessing quality of life in lung cancer patients
Authors: M. Koller, M.J. Hjermstad, K.A. Tomaszewski, I.M. Tomaszewska, K. Hornslien, A. Harle, J.I. Arraras, O. Morag, C. Pompili, G. Ioannidis, M. Georgiou, C. Navarra, W.-C. Chie, C.D. Johnson, A. Himpel, C. Schulz, T. Bohrer, A. Janssens, D. Kuliś, A. Bottomley
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Estimated Changes in Life Expectancy and Adult Mortality Resulting from Declining PM2.5 Exposures in the Contiguous United States: 1980–2010
Authors: Neal Fann, Sun-Young Kim, Casey Olives, Lianne Sheppard
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2017)

PM2.5 precursor emissions have declined over the course of several decades, following the implementation of local, state, and federal air quality policies. Estimating the corresponding change in population exposure and PM2.5-attributable risk of death prior to the year 2000 is made difficult by the lack of PM2.5 monitoring data.We used a new technique to estimate historical PM2.5 concentrations, and estimated the effects of changes in PM2.5 population exposures on mortality in adults (age ≥30y), and on life expectancy at birth, in the contiguous United States during 1980-2010.We estimated annual mean county-level PM2.5 concentrations in 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010 using universal kriging incorporating geographic variables. County-level death rates and national life tables for each year were obtained from the U.S. Census and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We used log-linear and nonlinear concentration-response coefficients from previous studies to estimate changes in the numbers of deaths and in life years and life expectancy at birth, attributable to changes in PM2.5.Between 1980 and 2010, population-weighted PM2.5 exposures fell by about half, and the estimated number of excess deaths declined by about a third. The States of California, Virginia, New Jersey, and Georgia had some of the largest estimated reductions in PM2.5-attributable deaths. Relative to a counterfactual population with exposures held constant at 1980 levels, we estimated that people born in 2050 would experience an ∼1-y increase in life expectancy at birth, and that there would be a cumulative gain of 4.4 million life years among adults ≥30y of age.Our estimates suggest that declines in PM2.5 exposures between 1980 and 2010 have benefitted public health. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP507.
N-SAS BC06: A phase III study of adjuvant endocrine therapy with or without chemotherapy for postmenopausal breast cancer patients who responded to neoadjuvant letrozole (LET): The New Primary Endocrine-Therapy Origination Study (NEOS).
Authors: Hiroji Iwata, Shoichiro Ohtani, Tomomi Fujisawa, Naruto Taira, Norikazu Masuda, Masahiro Kashiwaba, Yutaka Yamamoto, Tatsuya Toyama, Takuhiro Yamaguchi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

TPS654 Background: It is uncertain whether adjuvant chemotherapy is required in the treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone-responsive and intermediate risk breast cancer. The TAILORx and MINDACT trials are ongoing and utilize gene expression profiling in order to answer this question. We have initiated a new study to address this matter by using response to initial neoadjuvant endocrine therapy. The primary aim of this phase III study is to evaluate the necessity of using adjuvant chemotherapy for the treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer patients with node-negative, ER-positive and HER2-negative tumors who responded to neoadjuvant LET. Methods: Inclusion criteria are T1c-T2N0M0, ER-positive by IHC (&lt;10%), HER2-negative, postmenopausal women under 75 years old and written informed consent. Lymph node positive patients as assessed by SLNB are excluded. Neoadjuvant LET is administered for 24-28 weeks before surgery. CR, PR or SD patients are then randomized into two arms receiving either chemotherapy plus LET for 4.5-5 years or LET alone for 4.5-5 years after surgery. If the primary tumor response is defined as PD before surgery, the treatment will be changed at the investigator's discretion (surgery, chemotherapy or other endocrine therapy, but these patients will be followed up). The primary endpoint is disease-free survival (DFS), and secondary endpoints are overall survival (OS), response rate of LET, pathological response, breast conserving surgery rate, DFS/OS by response rate of LET, safety, QOL and cost-effectiveness. This study utilizes a randomized selection design. The objective of this design is to select the arm with the better outcome. We also conduct an additional translational research and central pathological review of ER, PgR, HER2, and Ki67.Patient recruitment commenced in May 2008 and 803 patients were enrolled at the end of 2012. A total of 850 patients will be enrolled at the end of May 2013. This study is supported by Public Health Research Foundation. Clinical trial information: UMIN000001090.
Functional performance 6 months after ACL reconstruction can predict return to participation in the same preinjury activity level 12 and 24 months after surgery
Authors: Zakariya Nawasreh, David Logerstedt, Kathleen Cummer, Michael Axe, May Arna Risberg, Lynn Snyder-Mackler
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Assessing athletes' readiness is a key component for successful outcomes after ACL reconstruction (ACLR).To investigate whether return-to-activity criteria, individually or in combination, at 6 months after ACLR can predict return to participation in the same preinjury activity level at 12 and 24 months after ACLR.Ninety-five level I/II participants completed return-to-activity criteria testing (isometric quadriceps index, single-legged hop tests, Knee Outcome Survey-Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADLS) and Global Rating Score (GRS)) at 6 months after ACLR. The PASS group was defined as scoring >90% on all criteria and the FAIL group as scoring <90% on any criteria. At 12 and 24 months after ACLR, participants were asked if they had returned to participate in the same preinjury activity level or not. All return-to-activity criteria, except quadriceps index, were entered into the logistic regression model.81% and 84.4% of the PASS group returned to participation in the same preinjury activity level, while only 44.2% and 46.4% of the FAIL group returned at 12 and 24 months, respectively, after ACLR. The 6-meter timed hop, single hop and triple hop limb symmetry indexes; GRS; and KOS-ADLS individually predicted the outcome of interest at 12 months after ACLR (range: R2: 0.12-0.22, p<0.024). In combination, they explained 27% of the variance (p=0.035). All hop tests, individually, predicted the outcome of interest at 24 months after ACLR (range: R2: 0.26-0.37; p<0.007); in combination they explained 45% of the variance (p<0.001).Return to participation in the same preinjury activity level at 12 and 24 months after ACLR was higher in those who passed the criteria compared with those who failed. Individual and combined return-to-activity criteria predicted the outcomes of interest, with the hop tests as consistent predictors at 12 and 24 months after ACLR.
SKP2 Activation by Thyroid Hormone Receptor β2 Bypasses Rb-Dependent Proliferation in Rb-Deficient Cells
Authors: Xiaoliang L. Xu, Zhengke Li, Aihong Liu, Xianqun Fan, Dan-ning Hu, Dong-Lai Qi, David W. Chitty, Renbing Jia, Jianping Qui, Justin Q. Wang, Jake Sharaf, Jun Zou, Rebecca Weiss, Hongyan Huang, Walter J. Joseph, Lily Ng, Richard Rosen, Binghui Shen, Mark W. Reid, Douglas Forrest, David H. Abramson, Samuel Singer, David Cobrinik, Suresh C. Jhanwar
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Germline RB1 mutations strongly predispose humans to cone precursor-derived retinoblastomas and strongly predispose mice to pituitary tumors, yet shared cell type-specific circuitry that sensitizes these different cell types to the loss of RB1 has not been defined. Here we show that the cell type-restricted thyroid hormone receptor isoform TRβ2 sensitizes to RB1 loss in both settings by antagonizing the widely expressed and tumor-suppressive TRβ1. TRβ2 promoted expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase SKP2, a critical factor for RB1-mutant tumors, by enabling EMI1/FBXO5-dependent inhibition of SKP2 degradation. In RB1 wild-type neuroblastoma cells, endogenous Rb or ectopic TRβ2 was required to sustain SKP2 expression as well as cell viability and proliferation. These results suggest that in certain contexts, Rb loss enables TRβ1-dependent suppression of SKP2 as a safeguard against RB1-deficient tumorigenesis. TRβ2 counteracts TRβ1, thus disrupting this safeguard and promoting development of RB1-deficient malignancies. Cancer Res; 77(24); 6838-50. ©2017 AACR.
Estimating 12-weeks life expectancy in metastatic gastric cancer (mGC) patients (pts) candidates for second-line treatment: The “Gastric Life” nomogram
Authors: F. Pietrantonio, F. Barretta, V. Fanotto, M. Niger, F. Morano, F. Bergamo, N. Silvestris, L. Fornaro, R. Bordonaro, M. Baretti, D. Santini, G. Tomasello, L. Antonuzzo, S. Noventa, A. Avallone, S. Di Donato, E. Maiello, F. De Vita, R. Miceli, G. Aprile
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)