tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14837: Reduced Functional Capacity: An Independent Risk Predictor of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Satish Ramkumar, Hong Yang, Ying Wang, Mark Nolan, Kazuaki Negishi, Thomas H Marwick
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects up to 20% of pts over the age of 80 in the community. AF is associated with significant impairment of functional capacity and quality of life (QoL), but the presence of these features prior to the onset of AF is undefined.   Aim:  To investigate if poor functional capacity and QoL are independently associated with AF risk in pts with risk factors.   Methods:  In a community-based study, pts ≥65 years were recruited if they had ≥1 risk factor (mainly hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity). Baseline echocardiography and functional capacity was assessed using a combination of six minute walk test (SMWT), the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI), Minnesota Living with Heart Failure score (MLHF), Charlson Index and EuroQoL5D Visual Analog Scale (EQ-VAS). Patients were split into four groups based on the CHARGE-AF score (low risk 0-5%, medium 5-10%, high 10-15% and very high >15%). Functional capacity and QoL were compared with clinical AF risk using simple and multivariable linear regression. Receiver Operator Characteristics (ROC) curves were used to assess for independent risk factors for AF.   Results:  607 pts (71±5 y, 47% men) were split into 4 groups based on AF risk. Patients in the higher AF risk groups were older and had increased rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and ischaemic heart disease (p   24 (AUC 0.594, p = 0.022) were associated with AF risk. SMWT was found to be an independent marker of clinical AF risk using multivariable linear regression (Table).   Conclusion:  As well as being associated with AF, poor functional status and QoL are independently associated with AF risk.
Population-Based, Case-Control Study of HER2 Genetic Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: D Xie, X O Shu, Z Deng, W Q Wen, K E Creek, Q Dai, Y T Gao, F Jin, W Zheng
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2000)

BACKGROUND: Alterations of the HER2 (also known as erbB-2 or neu) proto-oncogene have been implicated in the carcinogenesis and prognosis of breast cancer. A polymorphism at codon 655 (GTC/valine to ATC /isoleucine [Val655Ile]) in the transmembrane domain-coding region of this gene has been identified and may be associated with the risk of breast cancer. We evaluated this hypothesis in a subgroup of women who participated in a large-scale, population-based, case-control study of breast cancer in Shanghai, China. METHODS: Genomic DNA from 339 patients with breast cancer and 361 healthy control subjects was examined for the Val655Ile polymorphism with a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment-length polymorphism-based assay. All study subjects completed a structured questionnaire during an in-person interview. All P values are from two-sided tests. RESULTS: We found that 25.1% of the case patients and 21.7% of the control subjects were heterozygous for the Val allele and 3.2% of the case patients and 0.3% of the control subjects were homozygous for this allele (P = .005). Compared with women with the Ile/Ile genotype, women who had the Ile/Val or Val/Val genotype had an elevated risk of breast cancer (odds ratio[ OR] = 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0-2.0; P = .05) after adjustment for age, educational level, study period, history of breast fibroadenoma, leisure physical activity, and age at first live birth. The risk was elevated even more among women who were homozygous for the Val allele (OR = 14.1; 95% CI = 1.8-113.4). The association was more pronounced among younger women (⩽45 years) than among older women (>45 years). The adjusted OR associated with the Val allele was 1.7 (95% CI = 1.1-2.6) for younger women and 1.0 (95% CI = 0.5-1.9) for older women. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study suggest that polymorphisms of the HER2 gene may be important susceptibility biomarkers for breast cancer risk, particularly among younger women.
Cholangiopancréatografie rétrograde endoscopique dans la pathologie lithiasique: Quels résultats chez les sujets âgés de plus de 75ans?
Authors: H Boutallaka, H Seddik, S Morabit, R Berraida, K Loubaris, S Jamal, F Bouhamou, A Aomari, I El Koti, S Sentissi, A Benkirane
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Devant une population à traiter de plus en plus âgée, la CPRE pose la question du bénéfice chez le sujet âgé. Nous nous sommes donc fixer comme objectif de comparer les résultats de la CPRE dans la pathologie lithiasique chez les sujets âgés respectivement de moins et de plus de 75 ans.
Molecular Subtypes of Clear-cell Renal Cell Carcinoma are Prognostic for Outcome After Complete Metastasectomy
Authors: Annelies Verbiest, Gabrielle Couchy, Sylvie Job, Laure Caruana, Evelyne Lerut, Raymond Oyen, Aurélien de Reyniès, Lorenzo Tosco, Steven Joniau, Hendrik Van Poppel, Dirk Van Raemdonck, Kathleen Van Den Eynde, Agnieszka Wozniak, Jessica Zucman-Rossi, Benoit Beuselinck
Journal: European Urology (2018)
Etude médico-économique de la dissection sous muqueuse. Les éléments modifiant la balance bénéfice/déficit en CHU
Authors: M Dahan, S Kerever, E Pauliat, R Legros, A Tailleur, V Richard, S Brischoux, P Carrier, S Lyva-Yonnet, V Loustaud-Ratti, D Sautereau, L Merle, J Jacques
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

La dissection sous muqueuse endoscopique est une technique originaire du Japon permettant de repousser les limites de résection des tumeurs digestives par voie endoscopique plutôt que chirurgicale. Il n'y a à ce jour pas de cotation spécifique de cette intervention par la CCAM. Les remboursements sont donc inappropriés et ne couvrent pas suffisamment les coûts liés à cette nouvelle technique.
Within country inequalities in caesarean section rates: observational study of 72 low and middle income countries
Authors: Adeline Adwoa Boatin, Anne Schlotheuber, Ana Pilar Betran, Ann-Beth Moller, Aluisio J D Barros, Ties Boerma, Maria Regina Torloni, Cesar G Victora, Ahmad Reza Hosseinpoor
Journal: BMJ (2018)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Objective</h3> To provide an update on economic related inequalities in caesarean section rates within countries. <h3>Design</h3> Secondary analysis of demographic and health surveys and multiple indicator cluster surveys. <h3>Setting</h3> 72 low and middle income countries with a survey conducted between 2010 and 2014 for analysis of the latest situation of inequality, and 28 countries with a survey also conducted between 2000 and 2004 for analysis of the change in inequality over time. <h3>Participants</h3> Women aged 15-49 years with a live birth during the two or three years preceding the survey. <h3>Main outcome measures</h3> Data on caesarean section were disaggregated by asset based household wealth status and presented separately for five subgroups, ranging from the poorest to the richest fifth. Absolute and relative inequalities were measured using difference and ratio measures. The pace of change in the poorest and richest fifths was compared using a measure of excess change. <h3>Results</h3> National caesarean section rates ranged from 0.6% in South Sudan to 58.9% in the Dominican Republic. Within countries, caesarean section rates were lowest in the poorest fifth (median 3.7%) and highest in the richest fifth (median 18.4%). 18 out of 72 study countries reported a difference of 20 percentage points or higher between the richest and poorest fifth. The highest caesarean section rates and greatest levels of absolute inequality were observed in countries from the region of the Americas, whereas countries from the African region had low levels of caesarean use and comparatively lower levels of absolute inequality, although relative inequality was quite high in some countries. 26 out of 28 countries reported increases in caesarean section rates over time. Rates tended to increase faster in the richest fifth (median 0.9 percentage points per year) compared with the poorest fifth (median 0.2 percentage points per year), indicating an increase in inequality over time in most of these countries. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Substantial within country economic inequalities in caesarean deliveries remain. These inequalities might be due to a combination of inadequate access to emergency obstetric care among the poorest subgroups and high levels of caesarean use without medical indication in the richest subgroups, especially in middle income countries. Country specific strategies should address these inequalities to improve maternal and newborn health.
Facteurs prédictifs de survenue de complications au cours des résections endoscopiques de polypes supra centimétriques
Authors: S Khater, G Rahmi, E Samaha, G Perrod, H Benosman, L Abbes, C Lorenceau-Savale, G Malamut, C Cellier
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Les résections endoscopiques de polypes par polypectomie et mucosectomie augmentent le risque de survenue de complications par rapport aux coloscopies diagnostiques, avec un risque d'hémorragie variant de 0,19% à 24% et un risque de perforation estimé à 0 à 4%. Plusieurs études ont essayé d'identifier les facteurs de risque de survenue de ces complications. Les facteurs de risque rapportés dans la littérature sont la taille du polype, la présence d'un large pédicule, l'âge du patient, l'existence de comorbidités cardiovasculaires ou rénales, la prise d'un traitement anticoagulant et l'expérience de l'endoscopiste. La localisation du polype a été incriminée dans certaines études comme étant un facteur prédictif de survenue de complications. Cependant, les résultats sont controversés. Le but de cette étude est de déterminer les facteurs prédictifs de survenue de complications cours des résections de polypes, notamment concernant la localisation du polype.
Basic and Translational Neuroscience of Childhood-Onset Dystonia: A Control-Theory Perspective
Authors: Terence D. Sanger
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2018)

Dystonia is a collection of symptoms with involuntary muscle activation causing hypertonia, hyperkinetic movements, and overflow. In children, dystonia can have numerous etiologies with varying neuroanatomic distribution. The semiology of dystonia can be explained by gain-of-function failure of a feedback controller that is responsible for stabilizing posture and movement. Because postural control is maintained by a widely distributed network, many different anatomic regions may be responsible for symptoms of dystonia, although all features of dystonia can be explained by uncontrolled activation or hypersensitivity of motor cortical regions that can cause increased reflex gain, inserted postures, or sensitivity to irrelevant sensory variables. Effective treatment of dystonia in children requires an understanding of the relationship between etiology, anatomy, and the specific mechanism of failure of postural stabilization.
Diagnosis and treatment of AERD: clinical practice realities
Authors: Gabriella Melo Fontes Silva Dias, João Paulo de Assis, Mayra Coutinho Andrade, Raisa Borges Castro, Claudia Castilho Mouco, Andressa Zanandréa, Marcelo V. Aun, Jorge Kalil, Pedro Giavina-Bianchi, Rosana C. Agondi
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
The Importance of Contact Precautions for Endemic Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci
Authors: Michael A. Rubin, Matthew H. Samore, Anthony D. Harris
Journal: JAMA (2018)

This Viewpoint discusses the importance of using gloves and gowns when caring for patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci despite the current lack of a strong clinical trial evidence base to support the practice.
Potential Red-Flag Identification of Colorectal Adenomas with Wide-Field Fluorescence Molecular Endoscopy
Authors: Elmire Hartmans, Jolien J.J. Tjalma, Matthijs D. Linssen, Pilar Beatriz Garcia Allende, Marjory Koller, Annelies Jorritsma-Smit, Mariana e Silva de Oliveira Nery, Sjoerd G. Elias, Arend Karrenbeld, Elisabeth G.E. de Vries, Jan H. Kleibeuker, Gooitzen M. van Dam, Dominic J. Robinson, Vasilis Ntziachristos, Wouter B. Nagengast
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Adenoma miss rates in colonoscopy are unacceptably high, especially for sessile serrated adenomas / polyps (SSA/Ps) and in high-risk populations, such as patients with Lynch syndrome.Detection rates may be improved by fluorescence molecular endoscopy (FME), which allows morphological visualization of lesions with high-definition white-light imaging as well as fluorescence-guided identification of lesions with a specific molecular marker.In a clinical proof-of-principal study, we investigated FME for colorectal adenoma detection, using a fluorescently labelled antibody (bevacizumab-800CW) against vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), which is highly upregulated in colorectal adenomas.Methods: Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (n = 17), received an intravenous injection with 4.5, 10 or 25 mg of bevacizumab-800CW.Three days later, they received NIR-FME.Results: VEGFA-targeted NIR-FME detected colorectal adenomas at all doses.Best results were achieved in the highest (25 mg) cohort, which even detected small adenomas (<3 mm).Spectroscopy analyses of freshly excised specimen demonstrated the highest adenoma-to-normal ratio of 1.84 for the 25 mg cohort, with a calculated median tracer concentration in adenomas of 6.43 nmol/mL.Ex vivo signal analyses demonstrated NIR fluorescence within the dysplastic areas of the adenomas.Conclusion: These results suggest that NIR-FME is clinically feasible as a real-time, red-flag technique for detection of colorectal adenomas.
Endoscopes souples: comparaison de deux méthodes de conditionnement
Authors: C Hamel, M Bourhis, L Tortolano, F Lemare, A Gaudin
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Les endoscopes souples (ES) thermosensibles ne peuvent être stérilisés par autoclavage et doivent subir une désinfection. Afin d'éviter les contaminations croisées, la réglementation (1) impose de réitérer cette désinfection au maximum toutes les 12h même si l'appareil n'a pas été utilisé. Cependant, la majorité des actes endoscopiques sont programmés et les actes d'urgence survenant en garde (nuit ou weekend) restent une exception. Durant cette période de garde, en l'absence d'astreinte de l'équipe de désinfection des ES, seuls les ES à usage unique (UU) peuvent être utilisés. Pour permettre l'utilisation d'ES réutilisables pendant les périodes de garde, des systèmes de conditionnement existent assurant une qualité microbiologique supérieure à 12h. Ils offrent la possibilité de laisser des ES désinfectés à disposition en période de garde tout en limitant les retraitements sans actes.
Association of Resting Heart Rate and Temporal Changes in Heart Rate With Outcomes in Participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Ali Vazir, Brian Claggett, Susan Cheng, Hicham Skali, Amil Shah, David Agulair, Christie Mitchell Ballantyne, Orly Vardeny, Scott D. Solomon
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

Time-updated heart rate (HR) and temporal change in HR (ΔHR) are associated with outcome in individuals with established heart failure (HF). Whether these factors are associated with outcomes in a community-based cohort is unclear.To determine whether the time-updated analysis of resting HR, defined as the most recent HR value measured before occurrence of an event or the end of study, and ΔHR over time are associated with outcomes in a community-based cohort.A total of 15 680 participants were enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities cohort study, with HR recorded at baseline and during 3 follow-up visits from 1987 to 1998, with a median interval between visits of 3.0 (interquartile range, 2.9-4.0) years. The ΔHR was calculated by assessing a change in HR from the preceding visit. Participants were followed up until December 31, 2014, equating to 28 years of follow-up. The present study was conducted from March 2014 to June 2016 with updated analysis.Baseline HR, time-updated HR, and ΔHR associated with outcomes, adjusted for established baseline and time-updated risk factors and medications. The main outcomes measures included all-cause mortality, incident HF, incident myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular and noncardiovascular death.Of the 15 680 participants, 8656 (55.2%) were women, mean (SD) age was 54 (6) years, and 4218 (26.9%) were African American. Time-updated HR and ΔHR were associated with death, incident HF, incident myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular and noncardiovascular death compared with baseline HR. For example, a ΔHR from the preceding visit was significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.10-1.15; P < .001 for every 5-bpm increase in HR from the preceding visit) and time-updated HR was also significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.12-1.17; P < .001 for every 5-bpm higher time-updated HR).In a community-based cohort, time-updated HR and ΔHR are associated with mortality and nonfatal outcomes of incident HF, myocardial infarction, and stroke.
Use of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Mammographic Density Plus Classic Risk Factors for Breast Cancer Risk Prediction
Authors: Elke M. van Veen, Adam R. Brentnall, Helen Byers, Elaine F. Harkness, Susan M. Astley, Sarah Sampson, Anthony Howell, William G. Newman, Jack Cuzick, D. Gareth R. Evans
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

<h3>Importance</h3> Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have demonstrated an association with breast cancer susceptibility, but there is limited evidence on how to incorporate them into current breast cancer risk prediction models. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether a panel of 18 SNPs (SNP18) may be used to predict breast cancer in combination with classic risk factors and mammographic density. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cohort study enrolled a subcohort of 9363 women, aged 46 to 73 years, without a previous breast cancer diagnosis from the larger prospective cohort of the PROCAS study (Predicting Risk of Cancer at Screening) specifically to evaluate breast cancer risk-assessment methods. Enrollment took place from October 2009 through June 2015 from multiple population-based screening centers in Greater Manchester, England. Follow-up continued through January 5, 2017. <h3>Exposures</h3> Genotyping of 18 SNPs, visual-assessment percentage mammographic density, and classic risk assessed by the Tyrer-Cuzick risk model from a self-completed questionnaire at cohort entry. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The predictive ability of SNP18 for breast cancer diagnosis (invasive and ductal carcinoma in situ) was assessed using logistic regression odds ratios per interquartile range of the predicted risk. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 9363 women were enrolled in this study (mean [range] age, 59 [46-73] years). Of these, 466 were found to have breast cancer (271 prevalent; 195 incident). SNP18 was similarly predictive when unadjusted or adjusted for mammographic density and classic factors (odds ratios per interquartile range, respectively, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.38-1.77 and 1.53; 95% CI, 1.35-1.74), with observed risks being very close to expected (adjusted observed-to-expected odds ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.69-1.28). A combined risk assessment indicated 18% of the subcohort to be at 5% or greater 10-year risk, compared with 30% of all cancers, 35% of interval-detected cancers, and 42% of stage 2+ cancers. In contrast, 33% of the subcohort were at less than 2% risk but accounted for only 18%, 17%, and 15% of the total, interval, and stage 2+ breast cancers, respectively. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> SNP18 added substantial information to risk assessment based on the Tyrer-Cuzick model and mammographic density. A combined risk is likely to aid risk-stratified screening and prevention strategies.
Chronic elevation of plasma fibroblast growth factor 19 in long‐term farnesoid X receptor agonist therapy, a happy marriage or cause for oncological concern?
Authors: Frank G. Schaap, Peter L.M. Jansen, Steven W.M. Olde Damink
Journal: Hepatology (2017)

Schaap, Frank G. Ph.D.1,2; Jansen, Peter L.M.1; Olde Damink, Steven W.M.1,2 Author Information
Abstract 20152: Multimerin2 Influences Vascularization Through Modulation of the Extracellular Matrix
Authors: Petra E Burgisser, Dennie Tempel, Caroline Cheng, Gerard Pasterkamp, Henricus Duckers
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Vascular development is crucial in normal physiology and pathophysiology, and is in part orchestrated by a dynamic balance between extracellular matrix (ECM) and endothelial cells. The molecular mechanisms that govern this balance and as such play a role in the formation of new blood vessels remain largely unknown. In order to identify new genes involved in blood vessel formation, we performed a genome-wide gene expression array analysis in Flk1+ angioblasts during mouse development using a commercial platform (Affymetrix). Multimerin2 (Mmrn2) expression was found to be upregulated in angioblasts and endothelial cells and in the developing vasculature of zebrafish and mice. Methods &amp; Results: Subsequent in vitro studies using an adenoviral construct to induce Mmrn2 overexpression showed a negative effect on angiogenesis. Mmrn2 overexpression resulted in a reduction of 2D tube formation capacity of human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), as seen in a decrease in the number of junctions and tubules (P&lt;0.05, N=3). Another observed effect after Mmrn2 overexpression was a G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in HAECs (P&lt;0.001, N=8) and decreased migration of the cells in a Boyden chamber assay (P&lt;0.05, N=10). Further in vitro experiments, using immunofluorescence, showed Mmrn2 was detected outside of HAECs, were it co-localized with the extracellular matrix components perlecan, laminin and fibronectin. Direct interaction with these proteins was confirmed using a combination of co-immunoprecipitation followed by proteomics (LC-MS), and western blot to identify possible binding partners. Interestingly, overexpression of Mmrn2 also resulted in enhanced expression of these extracellular components, suggesting that Mmrn2 changes the phenotype from a more proliferative endothelial cell towards a more productive endothelial cell. Conclusions: These findings suggest that Mmrn2 is an abundant and important extracellular matrix protein, secreted by endothelial cells, which influences the expression of other ECM proteins such as fibronectin, laminin and perlecan. We hypothesize that Mmrn2 switches the phenotype of the endothelial cell and subsequently diminishes endothelial cell proliferation, migration and overall tube formation.
SeqOthello: querying RNA-seq experiments at scale
Authors: Ye Yu, Jinpeng Liu, Xinan Liu, Yi Zhang, Eamonn Magner, Erik Lehnert, Chen Qian, Jinze Liu
Journal: Genome biology (2018)

We present SeqOthello, an ultra-fast and memory-efficient indexing structure to support arbitrary sequence query against large collections of RNA-seq experiments. It takes SeqOthello only 5 min and 19.1 GB memory to conduct a global survey of 11,658 fusion events against 10,113 TCGA Pan-Cancer RNA-seq datasets. The query recovers 92.7% of tier-1 fusions curated by TCGA Fusion Gene Database and reveals 270 novel occurrences, all of which are present as tumor-specific. By providing a reference-free, alignment-free, and parameter-free sequence search system, SeqOthello will enable large-scale integrative studies using sequence-level data, an undertaking not previously practicable for many individual labs.
Comparaison des performances du diagnostic optique des polypes colorectaux en Blue Laser Imaging avec et sans zoom
Authors: S Ribière, M Barret, S Leblanc, B Brieau, MA Guillaumot, B Bordacahar, R Coriat, F Prat, S Chaussade
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Le diagnostic en temps réel des polypes colorectaux est un objectif difficile à atteindre, facilité par la chromoendoscopie virtuelle telle que le Blue Laser Imaging (BLI). La microvascularisation visible grâce au zoom aide à la caractérisation des lésions.