tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Complications and seeding risk after percutaneous liver biopsy in an oncological setting.
Authors: Katja De Paepe, Lawrence Bonne, Nicos Fotiadis, Naureen Starling, Ian Chau, Marco Gerlinger, Sheela Rao, David J. Watkins, James McCall, Dow-Mu Koh, Gina Brown, David Cunningham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

246 Background: Percutaneous biopsy of suspected liver metastases is a common practice for diagnostic purposes. Particularly, in the setting of oncological clinical trials, it is a relatively non-invasive method to obtain sufficient tissue for molecular analyses at regular set time points. However, various complications may occur, including seeding of the tumour along the biopsy tract. Only few reports exist on the actual incidence of seeding, on a limited number of tumor types. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technique’s safety and risk of seeding. Methods: All patients with an ultrasound or CT-guided liver biopsy between 2012-2016 were included. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively for post-biopsy complications and all follow-up imaging was re-assessed for the presence of seeding, defined as tumoral deposits in the biopsy needle tract. Results: In total 782 biopsies were performed in 550 patients (282 women, 268 men; mean age of 61 years), 43.9% (343/782) for trials and 56.1% (439/782) for diagnostic/molecular purposes, 93.7% (733/782) were diagnostic, revealing malignancy in 96.9% (710/733). Number of biopsies per patient ranged between 1 (n=387) to 7 (n=1), a co-axial system was used in 70.6% (552/782) and multiple passes in 29.4% (230/782). Complications were reported in 8.8% (69/782), more often pain (4.7%) and hypotension/vasovagal (2.3%). Admission and/or re-intervention were needed for more severe complications as bleeding (1.0%), sepsis/fever (1.1%), pulmonary embolism (0.3%) and pneumothorax (0.4%). Seeding was seen in 1.1% (8/782) of cases (2/44 melanoma, 1/11 GIST, 1/39 cholangiocarcinoma, 1/247 colorectal, 1/14 oesophagus, 1/97 breast, 1/31 prostate). Mean time for seeding was 208 days (range 43-469 d); mean post-biopsy survival time was 495 days in the seeding and 349 days in the non-seeding group. Conclusions: Percutaneous liver biopsy is a highly effective and safe method for tissue collection, with only a minimal risk of seeding.
Selective autophagy of the adaptor TRIF regulates innate inflammatory signaling
Authors: Mohammad Samie, Junghyun Lim, Erik Verschueren, Joshua M. Baughman, Ivan Peng, Aaron Wong, Youngsu Kwon, Yasin Senbabaoglu, Jason A. Hackney, Mary Keir, Brent Mckenzie, Donald S. Kirkpatrick, Menno van Lookeren Campagne, Aditya Murthy
Journal: Nature Immunology (2018)
Roles of Birth Mode and Infant Gut Microbiota in Intergenerational Transmission of Overweight and Obesity From Mother to Offspring
Authors: Hein M. Tun, Sarah L. Bridgman, Radha Chari, Catherine J. Field, David S. Guttman, Allan B. Becker, Piush J. Mandhane, Stuart E. Turvey, Padmaja Subbarao, Malcolm R. Sears, James A. Scott, Anita L. Kozyrskyj
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Maternal overweight, which often results in cesarean delivery, is a strong risk factor for child overweight. Little is known about the joint contribution of birth mode and microbiota in the infant gut to the association between maternal prepregnancy overweight and child overweight.To investigate the association of birth mode with microbiota in the infant gut, and whether this mediates the association between maternal and child overweight.An observational study was conducted of 935 full-term infants born between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2012, in the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) birth cohort. Maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared using height and weight data taken from medical records or maternal report. Infant gut microbiota were profiled with 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing in fecal samples collected at a mean (SD) age of 3.7 (1.0) months. At ages 1 and 3 years, BMI z scores adjusted for age and sex were generated according to World Health Organization criteria. Statistical analysis was conducted from January 29 to June 15, 2017.Mothers of normal weight (BMI, 18.5-24.9) and overweight or obese (BMI, ≥25.0) mothers.Risk of overweight and obesity (>97th percentile BMI z scores) among children at ages 1 and 3 years.Of the 935 mother-infant pairs in the study (mean [SD] age, 32.5 [4.5] years) 382 (40.9%) were overweight, 69 of 926 infants (7.5%) were overweight at age 1 year, and 90 of 866 infants (10.4%) were overweight at age 3 years. Compared with being born vaginally to a mother of normal weight, infants born vaginally to overweight or obese mothers were 3 times more likely to become overweight at age 1 year (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.33; 95% CI, 1.49-7.41), while cesarean-delivered infants of overweight mothers had a 5-fold risk of overweight at age 1 year (adjusted OR, 5.02; 95% CI, 2.04-12.38). Similar risks were also observed at age 3 years. Multiple mediator path modeling revealed that birth mode and infant gut microbiota (Firmicutes species richness, especially of the Lachnospiraceae family) sequentially mediated the association between maternal prepregnancy overweight and childhood overweight at ages 1 and 3 years. Bacterial genera belonging to the Lachnospiraceae family were more abundant in infants of overweight mothers; however, the participating genera of Lachnospiraceae differed between infants delivered vaginally and those delivered via cesarean birth.This study found evidence of a novel sequential mediator pathway involving birth mode and Firmicutes species richness (especially higher abundance of Lachnospiraceae) for the intergenerational transmission of overweight.
Correlation between tumor infiltrating immune cells and peripheral regulatory T cell determined by methylation analyses and its prognostic significance in gastric cancer.
Authors: Koung Jin Suh, Jin Won Kim, Ji Eun Kim, Jiwon Koh, Ji-Won Kim, Hye Seung Lee, Keun-Wook Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

66 Background: Peripheral regulatory T cells (pTregs) might involve in tumor immune microenvironment. We aim to evaluate the correlation between pTregs and tumor immune microenvironment. Methods: pTregs status was determined from assessment of the pTreg/total T cell ratio (ratio of Foxp3 Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR) to CD3G/CD3D demethylation) through epigenetic pattern of bisulfite pyrosequencing in long-term stored peripheral blood of 442 gastric cancer patients who received curative surgery. Immunohistochemical staining of multiple immune-related markers including CD3, CD4, CD8, Foxp3, 1-selectin arginase, ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17, CD163 and CD45RO within tumor microenvironment were performed in resected gastric tumor specimen. Results: The median value of FoxP3-TSDR and CD3G/CD3D demethylation was 5.8% and 32.3%, respectively. When pTreg/total T cell ratio was divided into eight equal groups from the lowest to the highest value, the extreme pTreg/total T cell ratio of the upper eighth and the lower eighth was significantly associated with lower CD45RO expressed cell counts within tumor microenvironment. In terms of arginase and CD163, inverse results were observed. Patients with extreme pTreg/total T cell ratio had significantly shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to the patients with non-extreme pTreg/total T cell ratio. Multivariate analysis which included age, stage, lymphatic invasion, vascular invasion, and perineural invasion as covariates demonstrated that the extreme pTreg/total T cell ratio was an independent predictor for shorter DFS (HR 1.740, 95% CI 1.128 – 2.682; p = 0.012) and OS (HR 1.900, 95% CI 1.175 – 3.070; p = 0.003). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the pTreg/total T cell ratio determined by epigenetic methylation analysis is correlated with specific immune cell infiltration within tumor microenvironment in resected gastric tumors, and gives prognostic information in gastric cancer patients. pTreg/total T cell ratio could be an easy-obtained potential biomarker for prognosis and future immunotherapeutic treatment strategies.
GMC proposes workplace assessment and exam for doctors seeking CESR or CEGPR
Authors: Helen Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Doctors who wish to join the specialty register by obtaining a certificate of eligibility for specialist registration (CESR) or a certificate of eligibility for general practice registration (CEGPR) might be subject to a workplace based evaluation of their practice and could be asked undertake a formal test of knowledge in their specialty, the General Medical Council has recommended.

Applicants who have not practised in the UK as a licensed doctor for at least six months in the previous three years …
Eccrine sweat glands associate with the human hair follicle within a defined compartment of dermal white adipose tissue
Authors: E. Poblet, F. Jimenez, E. Escario-Travesedo, J.A. Hardman, I. Hernández-Hernández, J.L. Agudo-Mena, J.J. Cabrera-Galvan, C. Nicu, R. Paus
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Eccrine sweat glands (ESGs) are critical for thermoregulation and are involved in wound healing. ESGs have traditionally been considered as separate skin appendages without connection to the pilosebaceous unit (PSU). However, recent preliminary evidence has encouraged the hypothesis that the PSU and ESG are more interconnected than previously thought. To re‐evaluate the morphology of human skin adnexa with an integrated three‐dimensional (3D) perspective in order to explore the possible interconnections that the PSU and the ESG may form. A systematic 3D reconstruction method of skin sections, direct visualization of human scalp follicular unit transplant grafts and a scalp strip ex vivo were used to validate and further explore the hypothesis. We demonstrate that the coiled portion of most ESGs is morphologically integrated into the PSU of human scalp skin and forms a structural unit that is embedded into a specific, hair follicle‐associated region of dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT). This newly recognized unit is easily accessible and experimentally tractable by organ culture of follicular units and can be visualized intravitally. We propose a model of functional human skin anatomy in which ESGs are closely associated with the PSU and the dWAT to form a common homeostatic tissue environment, which may best be encapsulated in the term 'adnexal skin unit'. The challenge now is to dissect how each component of this superstructure of human skin functionally cooperates with and influences the other under physiological conditions, during regeneration and repair and in selected skin diseases.
A comparative study of the antitumor efficacy of peptide-doxorubicin conjugates with different linkers
Authors: Yanqin Liang, Suxin Li, Xueling Wang, Yuan Zhang, Yanan Sun, Yaoqi Wang, Xiaoyou Wang, Bing He, Wenbing Dai, Hua Zhang, Xueqing Wang, Qiang Zhang
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2018)
New consultants feel poorly prepared for non-clinical aspects of role
Authors: Helen Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Specialty training may not prepare doctors adequately for the non-clinical aspects of the consultant’s job, a survey of more than 200 new consultants in the north of England has found.1

New consultants thought that specialty training had prepared them better for the “delivery of care” parts of the job, such as communicating with patients and leading a ward round, than for the “organisation of …
Updated Results of Rituximab Pre- and Post-BEAM with or without 90Yttrium Ibritumomab Tiuxetan during Autologous Transplant for Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Jad Chahoud, Dawen Sui, William D. Erwin, Alison M. Gulbis, Martin Korbling, Mingzhi Zhang, Sairah Ahmed, Gheath Alatrash, Paolo Anderlini, Stefan O. Ciurea, Betul Oran, Luis E. Fayad, Roland L. Bassett, Elias J. Jabbour, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, Homer A. Macapinlac, Ken H. Young, Issa F. Khouri
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Purpose: We evaluated the effect on long-term survival of adding rituximab (R) to BEAM (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan) conditioning with or without yttrium-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan (90YIT) in patients with relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) undergoing autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT).Experimental design: Patients were enrolled on three consecutive phase II clinical trials. Patients received two doses of rituximab (375 and 1,000 mg/m2) during mobilization of stem cells, followed by 1,000 mg/m2 on days +1 and +8 after ASCT with R-BEAM or 90YIT-R-BEAM (90YIT dose of 0.4 mCi/kg) conditioning.Results: One hundred thirteen patients were enrolled, with 73 receiving R-BEAM and 40 receiving 90YIT-R-BEAM. All patients had a prior exposure to rituximab. The median follow-up intervals for survivors were 11.8, 8.1, and 4.2 years in the three trials, respectively. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 62% for R-BEAM and 65% for 90YIT-R-BEAM (P = 0.82). The 5-year overall survival rates were 73% and 77%, respectively (P = 0.65). In patients with de novo DLBCL, survival outcomes of the germinal center/activated b-cell histologic subtypes were similar with 5-year OS rates (P = 0.52) and DFS rates (P = 0.64), irrespective of their time of relapse (<1 vs. >1 year) after initial induction chemotherapy (P = 0.97).Conclusions: Administering ASCT with rituximab during stem cell collection and immediately after transplantation induces long-term disease remission and abolishes the negative prognostic impact of cell-of-origin in patients with relapsed DLBCL. The addition of 90YIT does not confer a further survival benefit. Clin Cancer Res; 24(10); 2304-11. ©2018 AACR.
Using Predictive Analytics to Identify Risk of Clinical Asthma Exacerbations
Authors: Lena Granovsky, Ron Kamienchick, Nancy Yacovzada, Premprakaash Viswanathan, Shuai Cao, Dimitris Alevras, Ronen Tamir, Iris Grossman, Thomas Ferro, Dilip Chary, Guilherme Safioti, Shai Fine
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
MY plastic surgery course
Authors: Jonathan Dunne, Alexis Thomas
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The inaugural MY plastic surgery course was held over two days at Hatfield Hall, Wakefield. The faculty consisted of plastic surgery consultants from Pinderfields General Hospital, Wakefield, and plastic surgery registrars from Yorkshire. The course convenors were Mr Majumder, a plastic surgery consultant at Pinderfields General Hospital, and Mr Pinder, a plastic surgery year 5 specialist trainee. The aim of the course was to provide a broad overview of each of the wide range of subspecialties represented, coupled with practical development of dexterity and confidence in plastic surgical techniques.

It is aimed at those considering a career in plastic surgery and attracts mainly foundation year doctors but also medical students and core surgical trainees.

The absence of plastic surgery from the medical school curriculum and the limited exposure available at foundation level mean that many students and trainees have a limited knowledge of the realities of plastic surgery. Despite undertaking special study modules and theatre experience, as foundation year 2 doctors planning …
RIGHT VENTRICULAR LOAD ADAPTABILITY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CONTINUOUS-FLOW LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE IMPLANTATION
Authors: Myriam Amsallem, Marie Aymami, William Hiesinger, Sanford Zeigler, Kegan Moneghetti, Michael Marques, Matthew Wheeler, Jeffrey Teuteberg, Richard-Tien Ha, Dipanjan Banerjee, Francois Haddad
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Madan Mohan Gupta
Authors: Rajat Gupta, Binoo Rastogi, Jaya Gupta
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Madan Mohan Gupta was born in Arrah, Bihar. He was one of six children. His father was a high school headmaster and his mother a homemaker. His early education took place in Bihar. After qualifying he became chief malaria officer in Arrah.

He travelled to the UK in 1964, and after initially pursuing a career in paediatrics, he opted to become a general practitioner. In 1972 he settled in Oldham, Lancashire, where he excelled in his chosen profession. He maintained a special interest in paediatrics and child health. He was much respected by patients and …
CONTEMPORARY INCIDENCE OF RECURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS 1 TO 3 YEARS AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: LONGITUDINAL US ANALYSIS FROM NCDR REGISTRIES LINKED WITH ALL-PAYER CLAIMS DATABASE
Authors: John Spertus, Durgesh Bhandary, Eileen Fonseca, Narinder Bhalla, Massimiliano Alfonzo Manzi, Greta Hoetzer, Amit Amin, Naeem Khan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
THE PREDICTORS OF FILTER-NO REFLOW DURING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: INSIGHT FROM NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY WITH INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND
Authors: Takao Sato, Naomasa Suzuki, Yuji Taya, Syo Yuasa, Minoru Takahashi, Masaaki Okabe, Yoshifusa Aizawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Transcriptome-wide analysis of alternative splicing events in bladder cancer: Novel biomarkers discovery for early diagnosis.
Authors: Claudio Jeldres, Sabrina Bouchard, Michel Carmel, Patrick O Richard, Robert Sabbagh, Martin Bisaillon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

483 Background: Cystoscopy, an invasive, painful and expensive method, is currently the main clinical tool for new diagnosis and disease recurrence detection of bladder cancer (BCa). The need for new biomarkers discovery that is costless, sensitive and specific is urgent. This project aims to study and compare alternative splicing events (ASE) in BCa tissues and normal bladder tissues and ultimately, identify specific spliced events coding for proteins detectable in urine by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Methods: In this study, alterations to the global RNA splicing landscape of cellular genes were investigated in a large-scale screen from 408 BCa tissues and 19 normal tissues provided by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Three statistical thresholds were used to determine substantial modifications. All events showing a p-value&lt;0.05 and a level of expression ≥ 50 transcripts per million; -10 ≥ Δ percent splice index ≤10; and a q-value&lt;0.05 were conserved. Next, mRNA expression levels between cancer and normal tissues were compared for all splicing factors and the spliceosome to determine the impact of gene dysregulation on alternative splicing events. Using multiple bioinformatic platforms such as EASANA, MultAlin, ExPasy, NLS Mapper and Pfam, splicing events responsible for significant protein structural changes between cancer and healthy tissue were selected. From this sample chosen, ASEs coding for proteins that could be detected in urine were conserved. Results: Our study identifies modifications in the alternative splicing patterns of 107 transcripts encoded by 97 genes. STRING analysis revealed that many of the gene products interact either directly or indirectly with each other (enrichment p-value = 1x10-10). 61 ASEs are causing important protein changes from which 27 can be detected in urine. Finally, 16 ASEs coding for easily recognizable peptide sequences in urine represented significant targets for potential BCa biomarkers. Conclusions: The TCGA data show the relevance to investigate alternative splicing events in bladder cancer. 16 significant events were detectable in urine and may potentially discriminate between presence or absence of bladder cancer.
Abstract P6-11-07: Effectiveness and adverse events of DigniCap® scalp cooling system
Authors: L Traub, C Brandi, F Khandan, M Thill
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) is able to affect a patient's self-image and confidence negatively. A decade ago scalp cooling failed to avoid chemotherapy- induced hairloss in women who underwent chemotherapy as only thermal packs were used. The DigniCap® scalp cooling system consists of a silicon cap that includes two sensor controlled cooling cycles. These cycles regulate the scalp temperature to lead to a continuous vasoconstriction in the scalp. Thus, it is indicated to reduce the likelihood of CIA. Reduced temperature results in a reduced blood flow to the scalp area so that less chemotherapy reaches the hair cells. Therefore, these are not exposed to the full dose of chemotherapy and may be able to survive the treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and adverse events of DigniCap® scalp cooling system. Patients and Methods Since October 2015, 48 of 60 planned breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were prospectively included in a unicentric cohort study in the certified breast cancer center at AGAPLESION Markus Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany. The average age of the women was 52.7 years (range 33 – 76). The chemotherapy regimen included 4x EC q3w -&amp;gt; 12x paclitaxel q1w (60.4%), 4x TC q3w (8.3%), 6x carboplatin plus paclitaxel q3w (8.3%), 6x docetaxel, carboplatin, trastuzumab (TCbH) q3w + pertuzumab (4.1%), 4x nab-paclitaxel m 3 q4 (2.1%), 4x paclitaxel q2w -&amp;gt; 4x EC q2w (2.1%), 18x paclitaxel q1w (2.1%), 18x paclitaxel q1w plus myocet q1w (2.1%), eribulin d1, 8 q3 (2.1%), 4x EC q3w -&amp;gt; 12x paclitaxel q1w plus trastuzumab plus pertuzumab (2.1%), 6x carboplatin plus paclitaxel q3w plus bevacizumab (2.1%), 4x nab-paclitaxel3 q4 plus bevacizumab (2.1%), 4x nab-paclitaxel 3 q4 -&amp;gt; 4x EC q3w (2.1%). Our aim was to quantify the grade of alopecia, satisfaction and side effects of the scalp cooling system. Alopecia quantification was done by a standardized questionnaire and photo documentation. Final results of the whole cohort of 60 patients will be presented at SABCS 2017. Results The interim analysis showed a success rate of complete hair loss avoidance of 8.0%. Hair loss of less than 20% was documented in 60.0% (29 patients). In 19/ 48 patients (39.6%) adverse reactions caused by the DigniCap® Scalp Cooling System, like headache (12.5%) or CIA (27.1%) were reported. Conclusion Our evaluation shows that DigniCap® Scalp Cooling Systemhas a minimal rate of adverse events (39.6%) and reduces the likelihood of chemotherapy-induced alopecia (&amp;lt; 20% hair loss)effectively by 60.0%, even in anthracycline-based regimen. Citation Format: Traub L, Brandi C, Khandan F, Thill M. Effectiveness and adverse events of DigniCap® scalp cooling system [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-11-07.