tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is the Ethical Practice of Gastroenterology Different in Tokyo versus New York?
Authors: GL Eastwood
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

European and American (Western) medical ethics, derived from the Hippocratic tradition, as been modified to accommodate Western contemporary concepts of autonomy and patient rights and remains a reflection of Western culture and values. During my preparation for a presentation on ethical issues in gastroenterology to the Japanese Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in June 2006, I realized that Japanese medical ethics rests on a long tradition of Asian thought, based largely on Confucian ethics, and only in recent decades has included Western notions of bioethics. Thus, one may question whether Western medical ethics and Japanese medical ethics contradict or complement each other. Also, questions arise in this context with respect to benevolence, autonomy, informed consent, giving bad news, patient-physician trust, and other issues discussed during the 2002 and 2006 Kos Symposia. My experiences over two decades with Japanese academic physicians as well as my understanding of contemporary Japanese medical ethics indicate that in Japan the approach to ethical problem solving is likely to be modified by deference to authority and the relation of the individual to others. To illustrate the similarities and differences between Japan and the West, I have used cases that describe clinical, educational, and research ethical situations and have approached the ethical problems first from a Western bioethical perspective, then from what I presume to be a Japanese bioethical perspective. I conclude: (1) Fundamental ethical values are similar but the ethical practice of gastroenterology may be different in Japan versus Europe and America. (2) Differences are related to a Japanese preference for harmony with others, recognition of the rights of the individual in relation to others, and deference to authority (e.g., parent, physician, senior professor). (3) Cases that describe clinical, educational, and research ethical situations can be used to illustrate the differences between Japanese and American approaches to resolving ethical problems.
A LARGE WEEKLY INCREASE IN HANDBALL PARTICIPATION INCREASES THE SHOULDER INJURY RATE IN DANISH YOUTH HANDBALL
Authors: Merete Møller, Rasmus Nielsen, Jørn Attermann, Niels Wedderkopp, Martin Lind, Henrik Sørensen, Grethe Myklebust
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background Knowledge of injury patterns, an integral step towards injury prevention, is lacking in youth handball. Objective To investigate if an increase in weekly handball participation is associated with increased shoulder injury rates compared with decrease or a minor increase, and if a potential association is influenced by scapular control, isometric shoulder strength, or glenohumeral range of motion (ROM). Design Prospective cohort study with weekly reports on shoulder injury, and handball participation over 31 weeks using the SMS, Phone and Medical Examination system. Assessment of shoulder isometric rotational and abduction strength, ROM and scapular control was performed at baseline and mid-season. Setting Danish elite youth handball. Participants 686 players were enrolled. Seven players were excluded, and data from 36 players were censored. Assessment of Risk Factors Weekly change in handball participation categorised into (1) &lt;20% increase or decrease (reference), (2) increase between 20–60%, (3) increase &gt;60% relative to the weekly average amount of handball participation the preceding four weeks. Scapular control, isometric shoulder strength and ROM were included as effect measure modifiers. Main Outcome Measurements Any handball-related shoulder problem irrespective of the need for time loss or medical attention. Results An increase in handball participation by &gt;60% was associated with greater shoulder injury rate (Hazard Ratio (HR):1.91; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.00; 3.70, p=0.05) compared with the reference group. The effect of an increase in handball participation between 20% to 60% was exacerbated amongst players with reduced external rotation strength (HR:4.0; 95% CI 1.1; 15.2, p=0.04) or scapular dyskinesis (HR 4.8; 95% CI 1.3; 18.3, p=0.02). Reduced external strength also exacerbated the effect of an increase above 60% (HR: 4.2; 95% CI 1.4; 12.8, p=0.01). Conclusions A large increase in weekly handball participation increases the shoulder injury rate in elite youth handball players; particularly in the presence of reduced external rotational strength or scapular dyskinesis.
Oral Cancer and Mouthwash Use: Reply
Authors: E. L. Wynder, M.D., Geoffrey C. Kabat, Ph.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Oral Cancer and Mouthwash Use: Reply E. L. Wynder, M.D., E. L. Wynder, M.D. Mahoney Institute for Health Maintenance American Health Foundation320 East 43d Street New York, New York 10017 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Geoffrey C. Kabat, Ph.D. Geoffrey C. Kabat, Ph.D. Mahoney Institute for Health Maintenance American Health Foundation320 East 43d Street New York, New York 10017 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 71, Issue 6, December 1983, Page 1105, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/71.6.1105 Published: 01 December 1983
LLIVE: A non-interventional multicenter study of first-line Avastin® (bevacizumab) in combination with chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer in Lebanon
Authors: Ali Shamseddine, Sarah Abdel Massih, George Chahine, Fadi Nasr, Joseph Kattan, Fadi Farhat, Bassim Kobrossy, Dany Abi Gerges, Walid Moukadem, Chadi Saba
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Abstract 032: Impaired Cardiac Autophagy In Metabolic Syndrome Despite Intact AMPK And mTOR Signaling
Authors: Nandini Ravindran, Carlos Bazan, Bruce R Ito, Roberta A Gottlieb, Robert M Mentzer
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Objective: We previously reported that basal cardiac autophagy is lower in the setting of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance) and is associated with attenuation of cardioprotection after ischemic preconditioning. To understand the underlying mechanisms and exclude effects of the extracellular milieu, we investigated the roles of two major cellular energy sensing pathways, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), using adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (ARVM) isolated from Sprague Dawley (SD) and Zucker obese (ZO) rats. Methods: ARVM were cultured overnight and subjected to nutrient deprivation (1 hr), or treated with 1µM phenformin (Ph), an AMPK activator, or 5µM rapamycin (Rap), an mTOR inhibitor. Immunoblotting was used to measure phosphorylation of AMPK, p70S6 kinase (a downstream target of mTOR), LC3-I, -II, and p62 (autophagic clearance). Results: In ARVM from SD rats, starvation or Ph increased p-AMPK and decreased p-p70S6K, accompanied by increased LC3-II and 50% reduction in p62. Rapamycin decreased phosphorylation of p70S6K, increased LC3-II and decreased p62. In ZO ARVM, Ph and Rap also activated AMPK and inhibited mTOR; however, LC3-II was unchanged (Fig.) and p62 clearance was blunted. Conclusions: Despite appropriate activation of AMPK and inhibition of mTOR, autophagy is impaired in ARVM from ZO rats. These cells retain the MetS phenotype, facilitating efforts to delineate the molecular basis of impaired autophagy and vulnerability to ischemia/reperfusion injury in MetS. This could lead to new approaches to myocardial protection in at-risk patients.
Patient Satisfaction with Endoscopy: Measurement and Assessment
Authors: B Novis
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Introduction: Numerous attempts have been made to measure patient satisfaction with endoscopy. One criteria for measurement is that of the ASGE, based on a modified group Health Association of America survey. Another attempt to delineate the factors that influence patient satisfaction is the Seven Domains of Endoscopy Satisfaction, described by Yacavone et al. These are: 1. Technical quality of care 2. Comfort and tolerability of the procedure 3. The art of care, ie the personal manner of the staff and physician 4. Whether informed consent has been obtained. 5. The level of communication with staff before and after the procedure 6. The physical environment where the procedure took place 7. Delays in appointments.
Weekly carboplatin/paclitaxel (CP) based definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) for patients with inoperable oesophageal cancer unsuitable for cisplatin-fluoropyrimidine based dCRT: A single centre experience
Authors: Robert Owens, Nicola Warner, Claire Blesing, Faouzi Djebbari, Gavin Reilly, Somnath Mukherjee
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Effects of l-arginine supplementation associated with continuous or interval aerobic training on chronic heart failure rats
Authors: Giovanna Tedesco Barcelos, Douglas Dalcin Rossato, Júlia Luiza Perini, Lucas Pereira Pinheiro, Carol Carvalho, Rodrigo Boemo Jaenisch, Cláudia Ramos Rhoden, Pedro Dal Lago, Ramiro Barcos Nunes
Journal: Metabolism (2017)
Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Versus B-Cell-Receptor Inhibitors in 17p Deletion and/or Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis of 'Real Life' Approaches to High Risk Patients, on Behalf of Rete Ematologica Lombarda (REL) and Gruppo Italiano Trapianto Di Midollo Osseo (GITMO)
Authors: Lucia Farina, Francesca Patriarca, Maddalena Mazzucchelli, Chiara Salvetti, Giulia Quaresmini, Marta Medeot, Daniele Vincenti, Gianluigi Reda, Andrea Ferrario, Francesco Zallio, Anna Dodero, Benedetto Bruno, Paolo Corradini, Marco Montillo
Journal: Blood (2016)
Prevalence and Characteristics of Nonblanching, Palpable Skin Lesions With a Linear Pattern in Children With Henoch-Schönlein Syndrome
Authors: Gregorio P. Milani, Sebastiano A. G. Lava, Vera Ramelli, Mario G. Bianchetti
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

Linear nonblanching skin lesions are thought to occur very rarely in patients with Henoch-Schönlein syndrome.To examine the prevalence and characteristics of linear nonblanching skin lesions in children with Henoch-Schönlein syndrome.A prospective case series was conducted at the ambulatory practice of a hospitalist between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2015, among 31 consecutive children with Henoch-Schönlein syndrome.Thirty-one consecutive children affected with Henoch-Schönlein syndrome who were from 3.0 to 12.0 years of age (median age, 6.2 years).Children with Henoch-Schönlein syndrome underwent a careful, structured skin examination established in advance with emphasis on the presence of palpable lesions with a linear pattern.Among the 31 children in the study (12 girls and 19 boys; median age, 6.2 years [range, 3.0-12.0 years]), 8 (26%) had linear lesions on the legs, groin, waistline, wrists, or forearms. Patients with or without linear lesions did not differ significantly with respect to sex, age, and cutaneous, abdominal, articular, or renal involvement.This study illustrates the prevalence and characteristics of linear skin lesions in patients with Henoch-Schönlein syndrome. Patients with symptoms suggestive of this vasculitis should be evaluated for the presence of nonblanching, palpable lesions with a linear pattern.
ACCF/AHA Clinical Competence Statement on Cardiac Imaging With Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Matthew J. Budoff, Mylan C. Cohen, Mario J. Garcia, John McB. Hodgson, W. Gregory Hundley, Joao A. C. Lima, Warren J. Manning, Gerald M. Pohost, Paolo M. Raggi, George P. Rodgers, John A. Rumberger, Allen J. Taylor, Mark A. Creager, John W. Hirshfeld, Beverly H. Lorell, Geno Merli, George P. Rodgers, Cynthia M. Tracy, Howard H. Weitz
Journal: Circulation (2005)
Resecting the unresectable - long course gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel followed by chemoradiation to downstage locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Andrew Dean, Domenic Higgs, Ian Yusoff, Mikael Johansson, Colin Tang, Rohen White, Dev Segarajasingam, Jeremy Tan, Spiro Raftop, Daniel Venetz, Samarth Rao, Jon Herron, Kevin Jasas, Nigel Spry
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Quantitative Assessment of Early [<sup>18</sup>F]Sodium Fluoride Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Response to Treatment in Men With Metastatic Prostate Cancer to Bone
Authors: Stephanie A. Harmon, Timothy Perk, Christie Lin, Jens Eickhoff, Peter L. Choyke, William L. Dahut, Andrea B. Apolo, John L. Humm, Steven M. Larson, Michael J. Morris, Glenn Liu, Robert Jeraj
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Purpose [18F]Sodium fluoride (NaF) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is a promising radiotracer for quantitative assessment of bone metastases. This study assesses changes in early NaF PET/CT response measures in metastatic prostate cancer for correlation to clinical outcomes. Patients and Methods Fifty-six patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with osseous metastases had NaF PET/CT scans performed at baseline and after three cycles of chemotherapy (n = 16) or androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (n = 40). A novel technology, Quantitative Total Bone Imaging, was used for analysis. Global imaging metrics, including maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and total functional burden (SUVtotal), were extracted from composite lesion-level statistics for each patient and tracked throughout treatment. Progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated as a composite end point of progressive events using conventional imaging and/or physician discretion of clinical benefit; NaF imaging was not used for clinical evaluation. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were conducted between imaging metrics and PFS. Results Functional burden (SUVtotal) assessed midtreatment was the strongest univariable PFS predictor (hazard ratio, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.44 to 2.71; P < .001). Classification of patients based on changes in functional burden showed stronger correlation to PFS than did the change in number of lesions. Various global imaging metrics outperformed baseline clinical markers in predicting outcome, including SUVtotal and SUVmean. No differences in imaging response or PFS correlates were found for different treatment cohorts. Conclusion Quantitative total bone imaging enables comprehensive disease quantification on NaF PET/CT imaging, showing strong correlation to clinical outcomes. Total functional burden assessed after three cycles of hormonal therapy or chemotherapy was predictive of PFS for men with mCRPC. This supports ongoing development of NaF PET/CT-based imaging biomarkers in mCRPC to bone.
Safety and Efficacy of Nivolumab in Combination With Ipilimumab in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: The CheckMate 016 Study
Authors: Hans J. Hammers, Elizabeth R. Plimack, Jeffrey R. Infante, Brian I. Rini, David F. McDermott, Lionel D. Lewis, Martin H. Voss, Padmanee Sharma, Sumanta K. Pal, Albiruni R. Abdul Razak, Christian Kollmannsberger, Daniel Y.C. Heng, Jennifer Spratlin, M. Brent McHenry, Asim Amin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Purpose Combination treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown enhanced antitumor activity compared with monotherapy in tumor types such as melanoma. The open-label, parallel-cohort, dose-escalation, phase I CheckMate 016 study evaluated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in combination, and nivolumab plus a tyrosine kinase inhibitor in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Safety and efficacy results from the nivolumab plus ipilimumab arms of the study are presented. Patients and Methods Patients with mRCC received intravenous nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg (N3I1), nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg (N1I3), or nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg (N3I3) every 3 weeks for four doses followed by nivolumab monotherapy 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks until progression or toxicity. End points included safety (primary), objective response rate, and overall survival (OS). Results All patients in the N3I3 arm (n = 6) were censored at the time of analysis as a result of dose-limiting toxicity or other reasons. Forty-seven patients were treated in both the N3I1 and the N1I3 arm, and baseline patient characteristics were balanced between arms. Grade 3 to 4 treatment-related adverse events were reported in 38.3% and 61.7% of the patients in the N3I1 and N1I3 arms, respectively. At a median follow-up of 22.3 months, the confirmed objective response rate was 40.4% in both arms, with ongoing responses in 42.1% and 36.8% of patients in the N3I1 and N1I3 arms, respectively. The 2-year OS was 67.3% and 69.6% in the N3I1 and N1I3 arms, respectively. Conclusion Nivolumab plus ipilimumab therapy demonstrated manageable safety, notable antitumor activity, and durable responses with promising OS in patients with mRCC.
Efficacy results of a phase 1b study of ONT-380, a CNS-penetrant TKI, in combination with T-DM1 in HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC), including patients (pts) with brain metastases.
Authors: Virginia F. Borges, Cristiano Ferrario, Nathalie Aucoin, Carla Isadora Falkson, Qamar J. Khan, Ian E. Krop, Stephen Welch, Philippe L. Bedard, Alison Katherine Conlin, Jorge Chaves, Luke N. Walker, Erika Paige Hamilton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

513 Background: Modern registry data of MBC (Hurvitz '15; Witzel '15) suggest that HER2+ pts with CNS metastases (CNS+) have a poor prognosis. CNS disease is also associated with worse PS & QOL scores. Most systemic treatments for MBC have limited brain penetration & clinical trials often exclude CNS+ pts, causing a lack of prospective data on the outcome of CNS+ pts treated (tx) in the post-pertuzumab (P) / T-DM1 era. We report here the efficacy results of CNS+ & CNS- pts tx at the RP2D of TDM1 & ONT-380, a HER2 selective TKI with CNS penetration. Methods: Study ONT-380-004, a Phase 1b study of T-DM1 & escalating doses of ONT-380, enrolled HER2+ MBC pts, including pts with previously tx CNS lesions (stable or progressive) or untreated asymptomatic CNS lesions. We report the efficacy results in all pts tx at the RP2D of ONT-380 (300 mg BID) & TDM1 (3.6 mg/kg IV q 21 days) tx before 6/15/15. Eligibility: HER2+ MBC post taxane/trastuzumab (T); RECIST 1.1 measurable or non-measurable disease. All pts had baseline scans (including brain MRI). Efficacy assessments q6w x 6m, then q9w: OR & PFS by RECIST 1.1; CNS by modified CNS RECIST 1.1. Results: 45 pts were tx at the RP2D including 26 CNS+ (58%), the majority of whom were either progressing post-CNS treatment or had untreated CNS mets. Median age 51 y, 69% ER+, 31% ER-, 47% PS 0, 53% PS 1. Median 2 prior metastatic regimens: 100% taxane/T, 44% prior P, 22% prior lapatinib (L). In evaluable pts, OR was 47% (15/32) & was similar in CNS+ & CNS- pts: 47% (9/19) vs. 46% (6/13). Of the 26 CNS+ pts, 12 had measurable CNS mets, with best CNS response: 2 CRs, 2 PRs, 5 SDs (3/5 SD > 6m), 2 PDs, 1 NE. Median PFS overall was 6.5 m: CNS+ median PFS 6.5 m, & in the subset of CNS+ pts w progressing lesions post-tx or asymptomatic untx metastases, the median PFS was 6.7 m. The median PFS for CNS- was 8.2 m. The safety profile in CNS+ & CNS- pts was similar & unchanged from SABCS '15; a complete safety update will be presented at ASCO. Conclusions: In a poor-prognosis HER2+ population with many CNS+ pts & with prior exposure to P or L, ONT-380 given in combination with T-DM1 resulted in promising PFS & ORR in both CNS- & CNS+ pts, with evidence of sustained CNS responses. Clinical trial information: NCT02025192.
SOX5/6/21 Prevent Oncogene-Driven Transformation of Brain Stem Cells
Authors: Idha Kurtsdotter, Danijal Topcic, Alexandra Karlén, Bhumica Singla, Daniel W. Hagey, Maria Bergsland, Peter Siesjö, Monica Nistér, Joseph W. Carlson, Veronique Lefebvre, Oscar Persson, Johan Holmberg, Jonas Muhr
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Molecular mechanisms preventing self-renewing brain stem cells from oncogenic transformation are poorly defined. We show that the expression levels of SOX5, SOX6, and SOX21 (SOX5/6/21) transcription factors increase in stem cells of the subventricular zone (SVZ) upon oncogenic stress, whereas their expression in human glioma decreases during malignant progression. Elevated levels of SOX5/6/21 promoted SVZ cells to exit the cell cycle, whereas genetic ablation of SOX5/6/21 dramatically increased the capacity of these cells to form glioma-like tumors in an oncogene-driven mouse brain tumor model. Loss-of-function experiments revealed that SOX5/6/21 prevent detrimental hyperproliferation of oncogene expressing SVZ cells by facilitating an antiproliferative expression profile. Consistently, restoring high levels of SOX5/6/21 in human primary glioblastoma cells enabled expression of CDK inhibitors and decreased p53 protein turnover, which blocked their tumorigenic capacity through cellular senescence and apoptosis. Altogether, these results provide evidence that SOX5/6/21 play a central role in driving a tumor suppressor response in brain stem cells upon oncogenic insult.
Erratum: Myocardial viability in patients with chronic coronary artery disease (Circulation (1994) 89 (578-587))
Authors: V. Dilsizian, J. A. Arrighi, J. G. Diodati, A. A. Quyyumi, K. Alavi, S. L. Bacharach, J. A. Marin-Neto, P. T. Katsiyiannis, R. O. Bonow
Journal: Circulation (1995)
Neural Control of the Rat External Anal Sphincter: A Role for Nitric Oxide?
Authors: JFX Jones, I Shakespeare, C Healy, P Mitchell, R Whelan, C O'Herlihy, R O'Connell
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Aims: It is well established that nitric oxide (NO) is a principal inhibitory neurotransmitter of the intrinsic neurones that supply the internal anal sphincter. In this study we test the hypothesis that NO also inhibits the contractile function of the striated muscle of the external sphincter.
Outcome analysis of time from diagnosis to treatment in breast cancer patients treated at Edward Comprehensive Cancer Center, Huntington, West Virginia.
Authors: Ali Mehmood Raufi, Roma Srivastava, Hassaan Jafri, Todd W. Gress, Maria R. B. Tria Tirona
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e12005 Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the USA. In multiple cohorts, adverse outcomes were observed among early breast cancer (BC) patients when time from diagnosis to treatment was 91 days or beyond. Multiple patient and system related factors can lead to delays in treatment initiation.This retrospective study was doneto determine the relationship between diagnosis and time to treatment on OS in BC patients treated at ECCC from 2006 to 2015. Methods: 721 charts of BC patients were retrospectively reviewed. Time interval between diagnosis and initial treatment modality was determined and set at 30 day increments, (0-30 days, 31 to 60 days, and 61 to 90 days and &gt; than 90 days).Time from diagnosis to surgery (TTS) and surgery to adjuvant chemotherapy (TTC) was also calculated. Statistical analysis was done and Kaplan Meier curves were generated to assess the OS. Results: Median age at diagnosis of BC was 58 years. 82% of the BC patients were started on treatment (any modality) within 60 days of diagnosis whereas 35% within 30 days of diagnosis, respectively. Patients who received initial treatment (any modality) &gt; 90 days since diagnosis, had the worst survival outcome (hazard ratio of 2.5, 95% CI 1.315 to 4.91, p value = 0.005). Patients treated after 60 days since diagnosis did show numerical trend towards the worse survival outcome but was not statistically significant. There was a declining trend in survival when TTC was more than 90 days . A similar trend was noted when TTS was &gt; 60 days when adjusted for age, stage and hormone status. Conclusions: The relationship between TTS and BC outcome continues to be a modern health concern. The survival outcome in BC is affected by the length of the interval between diagnosis and treatment. All efforts should be directed towards minimizing them.