tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0330 Osteoporosis, sarcopenia and osteosarcopenia in women with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: A. Feklistov, N. Demin, N. Toroptsova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease associated with polyarthritis, progressive joint damage, and physical impairment that can lead to osteoporosis and sarcopenia, increasing the risk of fractures and leading to a greater loss of autonomy in RA patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess frequency of osteoporosis, sarcopenia and osteosarcopenia in women with RA. <h3>Methods</h3> 40 female patients with RA (mean age 63±7 years) and 40 female controls without RA (mean age 64±9 years) were enrolled in this study. Body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) in lumbar spine and proximal hip were assessed by using dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, Hologic Discovery A). Sarcopenia in women was defined as a skeletal muscle index (SMI) ≤5.67 kg/m<sup>2</sup><sup>1</sup> and osteosarcopenia – if sarcopenia and low BMD were present together.<sup>2</sup> The participants performed Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and handgrip strength was measured. Body mass index (BMI) and Disease Activity Score (DAS28) were calculated. <h3>Results</h3> Low BMD at least in one of measured area was found out in 19 (48%) RA persons and in 18 (45%) controls. Sarcopenia occurred in 10 (25%) RA patients and in 5 (12,5%) people without RA (p&gt;0,05). Among them osteosarcopenia was found in 6 (15%) RA women and 2 (5%) controls. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was lower in patients with RA (6.43±0.978) than in controls (7.01±1. 064, p&lt;0,05). In RA patients SMI had a positive correlation with BMI (r=0,58, p&lt;0,05) and handgrip strength (r=0,34 for right, r=0,30 for left, p&lt;0.05 for both). Sarcopenia was more common in RA patients who were normal or underweight than in those who were overweight or obese according to their BMI (p&lt;0.01). There was no correlation between SMI and DAS28, drug use, frequency of falls during the last year, SPPB in the RA group <h3>Conclusions</h3> In RA patients 48% had osteoporosis and 25% – sarcopenia, among them 15% women – osteosarcopenia. The risk of sarcopenia and osteosarcopenia was higher in nonobese patients. <h3>References</h3> [1] Cruz-Jentoft AJ, et al. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age and Agening2010;39:412–423. [2] Hassan EB, Duque G. Osteosarcopenia: A new geriatric syndrome. Aust Fam Physician2017Nov;46(11):849–853. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Nondaily Smokers’ Changes in Cigarette Consumption With Very Low-Nicotine-Content Cigarettes
Authors: Saul Shiffman, Brenda F. Kurland, Sarah M. Scholl, Jason M. Mao
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2018)

The US Food and Drug Administration is considering limiting cigarettes to very low nicotine levels. Cigarette consumption of nondaily intermittent smokers (ITS), who compose one-third of US adult smokers, could feasibly increase or could be unaffected if their smoking is not motivated by nicotine seeking.To compare cigarette consumption in ITS receiving very low-nicotine-content cigarettes (VLNCCs) or identical normal-nicotine-content cigarettes (NNCCs).This randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted from June 2015 to July 2017 at a single US site. Volunteer ITS not planning to quit were recruited via media. Overall, 297 individuals enrolled, and 238 were randomized. Analyses were intent-to-treat.After a 2-week baseline of smoking their own brand of cigarettes provided gratis, ITS were randomized to VLNCCs or NNCCs for 10 weeks.The number of cigarettes per day (CPD) was assessed by real-time reporting, timeline follow-back reports, and cigarette butt counts. The primary outcome was change in CPD from baseline to weeks 9 to 10 of intervention, adjusting for baseline CPD.The mean (SD) age of the 238 randomized participants was 37.9 (13.8) years. Of 238 participants, 108 (45%) were men. At baseline, the mean (SD) CPD was 3.1 (2.9). In intent-to-treat analyses using multiple imputation to address missing data, the VLNCC group had a mean decrease of 1.6 CPD (95% CI, 1.1-2.0; 51% of baseline) vs 0.05 decrease with NNCCs (95% CI, -0.5 to 0.4; 2% of baseline). Treatment group differences were not materially moderated by sex, race/ethnicity, or history of daily smoking. Cheating with conventional cigarettes, inferred from cotinine assays, was more common in the VLNCC group (OR, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.54-5.66), but sensitivity analyses showed significant VLNCC effects among the compliant participants as well. In longitudinal analysis of CPD over time with random intercept and slope, the VLNCC and NNCC groups differed significantly in both linear (-0.15; 95% CI, -0.22 to -0.08; P < .001) and quadratic (0.0026; 95% CI, 0.0010-0.0042; P = .002) trends: CPD dropped by 43.8% in the VLNCC group over 4 weeks, then leveled off thereafter. Abstinence (intent-to-treat, biochemically verified) in weeks 9 to 10 postrandomization did not differ significantly by treatment group (VLNCC, 10.2% vs NNNC, 5.0%; P = .28).Switching to VLNCCs caused substantial smoking reduction among ITS but did not significantly increase abstinence. Response to a VLNCC intervention suggests that nicotine-seeking motivates ITS' smoking.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02228824.
FRI0238 The level of leptin in patients with gout and its association with the gout activity score
Authors: I. Orlova, M. Stanislavchuk
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Leptin is a cytokine-like hormone mainly produced by adipose tissue. Its role in inflammation, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular pathology is well known.<sup><sup>2</sup></sup> Most of these pathological conditions usually acompany gout, but role of leptin in gout remains on the discussion. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the level of leptin in patients with gout and evaluate its association with the disease activity. <h3>Methods</h3> Study involved 151 patients with gout (100% men), aged (mean ±SD) 52.4±9.2 years, with a disease duration 8.9±6.6 years. In 51 (33.7%) was diagnosed tophaceous gout. Contol group was represented by 31 healthy subjects. Diagnosis of gout was based on the ACR/EULAR 2015 criteria. The disease activity was determined by the Gout Activity Score (GAS),<sup><sup>2</sup></sup> the intensity of the pain – by the visual analogue scale (VAS<sub>pain</sub>). Leptin in serum was determined by ELISA. <h3>Results</h3> The level of leptin in patients with gout was 2 times higher compare to those in the control group (6.6±4.3 vs 3.0±1.4 ng/ml). The number of attacks in the last year was 3.9±2.7, number of affected joints was 8,1±5,4, and uric acid in serum (sUA) was 8.1±2.0 mg/dl. Mean value of VAS<sub>pain</sub> in gout patients was 5.4±2.4 cm, and disease activity by GAS – 5.9±2.1. Regarding GAS we divided our patients in three groups: low activity (GAS &lt;25 th percentile), moderate activity (between 25th and 75th percentile) and high activity (&gt;75 th percentile). In 36 patients with high disease activity (GAS &gt;7.4) the level of leptin was the highest (11.7±4.7 ng/ml), whereas in patients with moderate activity (GAS 4.5–7.4; n=77) and in patients with low disease activity (GAS &lt;4.5; n=38) it was 5.3±2.6 ng/ml and 3.9±1.4 ng/ml, respectively. The difference in leptin levels between all groups was significant (p&lt;0.01). The level of leptin correlated with the number of gout attacks (r=0.41), number of affected joints (r=0.55), sUA (r=0.39), VAS<sub>pain</sub> (r=0.35), and GAS (r=0.69). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Association of increased leptin level with high gout activity may indicate possible pathogenic role of leptin in gout. GAS is reliable and sensitive clinical tool for determining disease activity in patients with gout. <h3>References</h3> [1] Jung UJ, Choi MS. Obesity and its metabolic complications: the role of adipokines and the relationship between obesity, inflammation, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. International journal of molecular sciences2014;15(4):6184–6223. [2] Scirè CA, Carrara G, Viroli C, Cimmino MA, Taylor WJ, Manara M, Matucci-Cerinic M. Development and first validation of a disease activity score for gout. Arthritis care &amp; research2016;68(10):1530–1537. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Abstract 14131: Partial Band Annuloplasty Could Relieve Functional Mitral Stenosis Following Surgical Repair for Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation in Comparison With Complete Ring: Exercise Stress Echocardiographic Study
Authors: Tomonori Miki, Tetsuhiro Yamano, Akiko Otsuka, Noriyuki Wakana, Michiyo Yamano, Naohiko Nakanishi, Sachiko Yamazaki, Kan Zen, Takeshi Nakamura, Hirokazu Shiraishi, Kiyoshi Doi, Takeshi Shirayama, Hitoshi Yaku, Satoaki Matoba
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Partial band (PB) mitral annuloplasty could better preserve anterior annulus physiological motion in comparison with complete ring (CR); thus, it might relieve functional mitral steno...
AB0760 Advanced oxidation protein products in serum of patients with systemic sclerosis: a possible indicator of clinical evolution
Authors: G. Sighinolfi, M. Colaci, A. Spinella, F. Lumetti, E. Artoni, C. Salvarani, D. Giuggioli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic, multisystem connective tissue disease characterised by by immune dys-regulation, obliterative microvasculopathy and fibrosis. Endothelial dysfunction, immune system imbalance and fibroblast activation constitute the three major factors of the pathogenetic process. In this context, oxidative stress could play a significant role through direct damage of endothelial cells and the persistent activation of the immune system.<sup>1,2</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> This study investigated the presence of advanced protein oxidation products (AOPP) in serum of patients with SSc and its correlation with disease's features. <h3>Methods</h3> 50 patients with SSc (M:F 1:7, mean age 57.3±11.2 SD, mean duration of disease 10±9.1 SD years), were screened for AOPP in the serum, using the AOPP OxiSelect Kit of CELL BIOLABS (San Diego, Ca, USA). Among 50 SSc patients, 39 had limited cutaneous subset, while 11 had the diffuse one. Anamnestic and clinical data were collected for all SSc patients. As a control group 50 consecutive healthy subjects, sex and age matched, were recruited. <h3>Results</h3> We found serum levels of AOPP increased in the SSc group compared with the controls (p&lt;0.0001) with mean values of 336.9±167.8 mmol/L and 167.5±59.2 mmol/L, respectively. In addition, higher levels of AOPP directly correlated with the diffuse cutaneous subset (p=0.0242), presence of digital ulcers (p=0.005), esophagopathy (p=0.006) and pulmonary fibrosis (p=0.0128). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Serum AOPP levels are significantly higher in patients with SSc than in controls. In addition, the correlations of AOPP with SSc diffuse cutaneous subset, digital ulcers, and pulmonary involvement (indicative of progressive disease and worse prognosis) suggest a possible role of this marker in the identification of the cases with worse clinical evolution. The data of this preliminary study should be confirmed on larger case series and analysed in prospective studies, in order to understand its eventual usefulness during the follow-up of SSc patients. <h3>References</h3> [1] Ferri C, Valentini G, Cozzi F, Sebastiani M, Michelassi C, La Montagna G, et al. Systemic Sclerosis: Demographic, Clinical, and Serologic Features and Survival in 1,012 Italian Patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 2002; 81:139–153 [2] Steen VD. The many faces of scleroderma. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2008; 34:1–15 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Erratum. Intensive Versus Standard Blood Pressure Control in SPRINT-Eligible Participants of ACCORD-BP. Diabetes Care 2017;40:1733–1738
Authors: Leo F. Buckley, Dave L. Dixon, George F. Wohlford, Dayanjan S. Wijesinghe, William L. Baker, Benjamin W. Van Tassell
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

In the article cited above, the values in two sentences on page 1735 were corrected to read “Intensive BP control significantly reduced the risk of the composite of CVD death, nonfatal MI, …
OP0155 Ultrasound as an outcome measurement tool for optimisedmonitoring of gout. validation of the omeract ultrasound definitions of gout elementary lesions
Authors: S.N. Christiansen, M. Østergaard, O. Slot, L. Terslev
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate ultrasound (US) as an outcome measurement instrument for monitoring gout patients during urate lowering therapy using the OMERACT US Working Group's 2015 definitions of US elementary lesions in gout. <h3>Methods</h3> US examination (28 joints, 26 tendons) were performed in patients with microscopically verified gout who either initiated or increased urate lowering therapy. Joints and tendons were evaluated for the four OMERACT elementary lesions of gout (Double contour, Tophus, Aggregates and Erosions). Furthermore, subcutaneous (SC) oedema was registered and synovitis was graded by grey scale (GS) and colour Doppler (CD) (both graded 0–3). A sum score was calculated for each component for each patient (table 1). Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs) regarding pain (visual analogue scale), numbers of attacks within the last 3 months and physical function (Health Assessment Questionnaire) were obtained, as were C-reactive protein (CRP), p-urate and clinical joint examination. All examinations were repeated after 3 (n=29) and 6 months (n=15, follow-up still ongoing) and changes in scores were evaluated using Wilcoxon-Pratt signed-rank test. <h3>Results</h3> 29 patients (28 males, 1 female), mean age of 68 (39 – 89) years were included. US showed a numerical, but statistically non-significant (p=0.13), decline in DC count from baseline to 3 months' follow up, while at 6 months a statistically significant decline was observed (p=0.033). The tophus count decreased non-significantly at both 3 and 6 months' follow up, whereas the aggregate and erosion counts by large were unchanged. GS synovitis showed a statistically non-significant decrease at follow ups, whereas CD synovitis and SC oedema counts declined significantly at 3 months' follow up (p=0.033 and 0.044, respectively). P-urate levels decreased statistically significant from baseline to both 3 and 6 months' follow-up (both p-values&lt;0.001), as did clinical markers such as CRP, joint evaluation, pain and attack frequency. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Of the four OMERACT US elementary gout lesions only DC count showed a statistically significant decrease as a response to 6 months of urate lowering therapy. The number of tophi had decreased at both 3 and 6 months' follow up, but not statistically significant. Aggregates and erosions count did not markedly respond to the 6 month treatment. The study indicates that US assessing the OMERACT elementary lesions, particularly DC, is a feasible tool for monitoring gout lesions. However, a follow-up of at least 6 months may be needed to detect change of crystal deposits, as reflected by DC, and presumably an even longer follow-up period is needed to evaluate more massive deposits as tophi. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Evaluation of micelles incorporated into thermosensitive hydrogels for intratumoral delivery and controlled release of docetaxel: A dual approach for in situ treatment of tumors
Authors: Meng Xu, Yanhua Mou, Mingming Hu, Wenxiang Dong, Xitong Su, Rongxia Wu, Peng Zhang
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2018)

The
The microRNA miR-34a is a candidate 1p36 tumor suppressor gene in neuroblastoma
Authors: Kristina Cole, Edward Attiyeh, Yael Mosse, Sharon Diskin, Garrett Brodeur, John Maris
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

4511  MicroRNAs are small non coding RNAs that have critical roles regulating a number of cellular functions through transcriptional silencing. Recently, they have been implicated as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes (oncomirs) in several human cancers. We took a functional approach to identify potential neuroblastoma oncomirs by transiently transfecting miRNA precursor mimics or inhibitors that map to several regions of neuroblastoma loss of heterozygosity (LOH) (1p36, 3p22 and 11q23-24) or gain (17q23) into cell lines having these genomic aberrations. Using the real-time quantitative ACEA RT-CES microelectronic cell sensor system we were able to monitor the growth effect of the various mimics continuously for 100 hours after transfection. We found that miR-34a (1p36) transfected into 5 out of 6 cell lines with 1p36 hemizygous deletion had profound growth inhibition in a dose dependent fashion compared to the miRNA mimic control. There was no growth inhibition by the miR-34a mimic transfected into 3 out of 4 cell lines without 1p36 deletion, but profound inhibition by the positive control PLK1 siRNA. We performed quantitative realtime stem-loop RT-PCR of miR-34a and an internal control small nucleolar RNA RNU43 to determine the endogenous miRNA levels of the cell lines. The neuroblastoma cell lines with 1p36 LOH had substantially lower amounts of miR-34a than the cell lines without 1p36 LOH (average 0.649 vs. 6.67 relative expression) and those with the greatest growth inhibition by the miR-34a mimics had absent miR-34a expression. We then examined miR-34a expression levels in 55 primary neuroblastoma patient tumors whose genomic copy number aberrations were characterized on the Illumina HumanHap 550 SNP array platform. We found a strong correlation between miR-34a expression level and 1p36 allelic status (p=0.045). Together, these results suggest that the microRNA miR-34a is a candidate 1p36 tumor suppressor oncomir in the pediatric cancer neuroblastoma. Efforts are ongoing to identify the targets of this miRNA using a proteomic approach as well as evaluations of candidate oncomirs mapping to other chromosomal regions somatically altered during the malignant evolution of high-risk neuroblastomas.
Placement of a lumen-apposing metal stent for palliation of malignant pyloric stenosis
Authors: Arvind Trindade, Chun Hung, Howard Zimmerman, Petros Benias
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

A 66-year-old woman with metastatic breast cancer and diffuse osseous disease presented with a history of vomiting after meals for 3 weeks. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed nodular wall thickening of the gastric antrum/first part of the duodenum, which was suspicious for serosal metastatic disease causing gastric outlet obstruction ([Fig. 1]).
THU0662 Impact of the intervention of a multidisciplinary adherence team in clinical outcomes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathies in colombia
Authors: R. Pineda-Tamayo, K. Sanchez, M.-A. Alzate, D. Hernandez-Parra, D. Echeverry, P. Ortiz-Salazar, A. Rojas-Villarraga
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

obtain a baseline DEXA in any individual with anticipated long-term steroid use, primary prevention with calcium, and vitamin D initiation and medical therapy when appropriate based on fracture risk assessments.Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine how successfully the ACR GIOP guidelines are implemented in daily rheumatologic practice.The study investigates the prevalence of osteoporosis screening, prevention, and treatment in patients with rheumatologic diseases over a 2 year period at a large medical centre.Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients who received rheumatology care between 2014 and 2015 at a large medical centre was performed.Patients were included if they were older than 18 years of age, had a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus, vasculitis, polymyalgia rheumatica, or gout and were receiving !5 mg prednisone daily for !90 days.Electronic medical records were reviewed and medication history was evaluated.Screening was defined as bone mineral density testing with DEXA within one year of glucocorticoid initiation.Primary prevention and treatment were derived from ACR GIOP criteria and included the initiation of appropriate doses of calcium and vitamin D and initiation of medical therapy to prevent bone loss.The prevalence of screening and treatment was assessed and the relationships with age, gender, and ethnicity were evaluated using Chi Squared analyses and independent samples t-tests.Results: Of the 600 patients reviewed, 61 met criteria of new long-term glucocorticoid initiations.Overall 61% received BMD testing and 48% received osteoporosis primary prevention.Of those who qualified for treatment by ACR GIOP criteria, only 19% received treatment.Patients who received a baseline DEXA were older than those who did not (65±15 vs 57±16 years, p=0.046).Age did not influence treatment.More women compared to men received screening DEXA (68% F vs 41% M, p=0.053) and primary prevention (55% F vs 29% M, p=0.078).Patients who received a longer duration of steroid treatment were more likely to receive primary prevention (16±10 months vs 10±8 months, p=0.015).There was no association between ethnicity or disease status on screening, prevention, or treatment.Conclusions: Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in the setting of a rheumatology practice is a common and manageable condition that should be screened, prevented, and treated.These results from one large academic medical centre in the United States suggest that rheumatologists may not be following ACR guidelines for the assessment and management of patients on chronic steroids.Quality improvement initiatives may be necessary in order provide optimal care for patients.
Volcanic Eruptions and Threats to Respiratory Health
Authors: W.Graham Carlos, Jane E. Gross, Shazia Jamil, Charles S. Dela Cruz, David Damby, Elizabeth Tam
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2018)

"Volcanic Eruptions and Threats to Respiratory Health." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 197(12), pp. P21–P22