tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Why and how to step down chronic asthma drugs
Authors: Michael R Gionfriddo, John B Hagan, Matthew A Rank
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Asthma is a common chronic airways disease. The goal of asthma management is to control symptoms while minimizing the side effects of treatment. Following a period of stable asthma, clinicians should consider stepping down treatment. This approach is recommended by current guidelines. Step-down has been studied for several types of asthma drug regimens, and certain approaches may have lower risk than others. Systematic reviews of multiple trials support the following specific step-down approaches: optimizing inhaled corticosteroid dosing when stepping down oral corticosteroid, reducing inhaled corticosteroid from a higher dose, lowering inhaled corticosteroid-long acting bronchodilator (ICS-LABA) dose while adding ICS-LABA on-demand, adding leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) while lowering inhaled corticosteroid dose, and using allergen immunotherapy when reducing inhaled corticosteroid from a higher dose. Systematic reviews of multiple trials support an increased risk of asthma exacerbation for patients who completely stop taking inhaled corticosteroid or long acting bronchodilator. Strategies to implement step-down in practice include the use of risk prediction as well as tools to support shared decision making and communication about risk between clinicians and patients.
Elevated Brain Amyloid in Cognitively Normal Individuals
Authors: Rui Gao, Chan Chen, Tao Zhu
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Quantification and spatial distribution of salicylic acid in film tablets using FT-Raman mapping with multivariate curve resolution
Authors: Haslet Eksi-Kocak, Sibel Ilbasmis Tamer, Sebnem Yilmaz, Merve Eryilmaz, Ismail Hakkı Boyaci, Ugur Tamer
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2017)

In this study, we proposed a rapid and sensitive method for quantification and spatial distribution of salicylic acid in film tablets using FT-Raman spectroscopy with multivariate curve resolution (MCR). For this purpose, the constituents of film tablets were identified by using FT-Raman spectroscopy, and then eight different concentrations of salicylic acid tablets were visualized by Raman mapping. MCR was applied to mapping data to expose the active pharmaceutical ingredients in the presence of other excipients by monitoring distribution maps and combination of FT-Raman mapping with MCR enabled the determination of lower salicylic acid concentrations. In addition, the distribution of major excipient, lactose, was examined in the tablet form. A calibration curve was obtained by plotting the intensity of the Raman signal at 1635 cm-1 versus the concentration of salicylic acid and the correlation was found to be linear within the range of 0.5%-3.9% with a correlation coefficient of 0.99. The limit of detection for the technique was determined 0.35%. The ability of the technique to quantify salicylic acid in tablet test samples was also investigated.
Pustular Eruption in a Patient With Cancer Treated With Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Authors: Josh A. Hammel, John C. Selby
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Brote de triquinosis en Cáceres, España, diciembre de 2001-febrero de 2002
Authors: M Cortés-Blanco, A García-Cabañas, F Guerra-Peguero, J M Ramos-Aceitero, D Herrera-Guibert, J. F. Martinez Navarro
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2002)

Entre el 18 de diciembre de 2001 y el 11 de febrero de 2002, se produjo un brote de triquinosis por T. britovi en Caceres, Espana, a raiz del consumo de carne insuficientemente cocinada procedente de un cerdo domestico. De las cincuenta y seis personas expuestas, se diagnosticaron veintiseis casos de triquinosis, de los cuales diecisiete se confirmaron serologicamente. El periodo de incubacion medio fue de 23,5 dias ([3-45]). De todos los alimentos sospechosos, el salchichon se asocio a una tasa de ataque del 93,3% (14/15), observandose asimismo una relacion dosis-respuesta. Trichinella britovi es fundamentalmente una especie selvatica, pero este estudio sugiere un cambio en la epidemiologia de la triquinosis.
Seasonality of hair loss: a time series analysis of Google Trends data 2004–2016
Authors: E.Y. Hsiang, Y.R. Semenov, C. Aguh, S.G. Kwatra
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

Hair loss is a frequently encountered dermatologic complaint that often generates psychological distress. Prior studies have demonstrated a seasonal pattern to hair loss. Maximal proportions of telogen hair have been found to occur in the summer, whereas lowest rates of telogen hairs occur in the winter. Additionally, a recent study demonstrated that maximal hair shedding occurs in August and September, and that the percentage of hairs in the anagen phase peaks at the beginning of spring.

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Abstract 18953: Correction of the Defective Channel Gating of Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor Improves Cardiac Function and Suppresses Ventricular Arrhythmia in Post Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure
Authors: Hironori Ishiguchi, Shigeki Kobayashi, Michiaki Kohno, Takuma Nanno, Gou Fukui, Yoko Sufu-Shimizu, Yoriomi Hamada, Takako Maeda, Shigehiko Nishimura, Tetsuro Oda, Shinnichi Okuda, Takeshi Ueyama, Takeshi Yamamoto, Masafumi Yano
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: We previously reported that dantrolene, which was found to correct inter-domain interactions between N-terminal and central domain of cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2), suppressed diast...
Weather related disasters increased by 46% from 2007 to 2016, review says
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Climate change is already having significant effects on health, an international team has reported in the Lancet .1

An increase in the number of weather related disasters, greater exposure to heatwaves, and an increased risk of dengue fever because conditions are more favourable for mosquitoes are cited in support of the contention from the Countdown on Climate Change and Health team.

But four members of the team, appearing at a briefing at the Science Media Centre in London, said that they had not attempted to draw up a balance sheet that included possible benefits of increasing temperatures.

“We’re not ducking the potential benefits,” said Hugh Montgomery, co-chair of the group and director of the Institute for Human Health and …
Engineered Paper‐Based Cell Culture Platforms
Authors: Darlin Lantigua, Yan Ni Kelly, Baris Unal, Gulden Camci‐Unal
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Abstract Paper is used in various applications in biomedical research including diagnostics, separations, and cell cultures. Paper can be conveniently engineered due to its tunable and flexible nature, and is amenable to high‐throughput sample preparation and analysis. Paper‐based platforms are used to culture primary cells, tumor cells, patient biopsies, stem cells, fibroblasts, osteoblasts, immune cells, bacteria, fungi, and plant cells. These platforms are compatible with standard analytical assays that are typically used to monitor cell behavior. Due to its thickness and porous nature, there are no mass transport limitations to/from the cells in paper scaffolds. It is possible to pattern paper in different scales (micrometer to centimeter), generate modular configurations in 3D, fabricate multicellular and compartmentalized tissue mimetics for clinical applications, and recover cells from the scaffolds for further analysis. 3D paper constructs can provide physiologically relevant tissue models for personalized medicine. Layer‐by layer strategies to assemble tissue‐like structures from low‐cost and biocompatible paper‐based materials offer unique opportunities that include understanding fundamental biology, developing disease models, and assembling different tissues for organ‐on‐paper applications. Paper‐based platforms can also be used for origami‐inspired tissue engineering. This work provides an overview of recent progress in engineered paper‐based biomaterials and platforms to culture and analyze cells.
Prenatal Air Pollution and Newborns' Predisposition to Accelerated Biological Aging
Authors: Dries S. Martens, Bianca Cox, Bram G. Janssen, Diana B. P. Clemente, Antonio Gasparrini, Charlotte Vanpoucke, Wouter Lefebvre, Harry A. Roels, Michelle Plusquin, Tim S. Nawrot
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2017)

Telomere length is a marker of biological aging that may provide a cellular memory of exposures to oxidative stress and inflammation. Telomere length at birth has been related to life expectancy. An association between prenatal air pollution exposure and telomere length at birth could provide new insights in the environmental influence on molecular longevity.To assess the association of prenatal exposure to particulate matter (PM) with newborn telomere length as reflected by cord blood and placental telomere length.In a prospective birth cohort (ENVIRONAGE [Environmental Influence on Ageing in Early Life]), a total of 730 mother-newborn pairs were recruited in Flanders, Belgium between February 2010 and December 2014, all with a singleton full-term birth (≥37 weeks of gestation). For statistical analysis, participants with full data on both cord blood and placental telomere lengths were included, resulting in a final study sample size of 641.Maternal residential PM2.5 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm) exposure during pregnancy.In the newborns, cord blood and placental tissue relative telomere length were measured. Maternal residential PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy was estimated using a high-resolution spatial-temporal interpolation method. In distributed lag models, both cord blood and placental telomere length were associated with average weekly exposures to PM2.5 during pregnancy, allowing the identification of critical sensitive exposure windows.In 641 newborns, cord blood and placental telomere length were significantly and inversely associated with PM2.5 exposure during midgestation (weeks 12-25 for cord blood and weeks 15-27 for placenta). A 5-µg/m3 increment in PM2.5 exposure during the entire pregnancy was associated with 8.8% (95% CI, -14.1% to -3.1%) shorter cord blood leukocyte telomeres and 13.2% (95% CI, -19.3% to -6.7%) shorter placental telomere length. These associations were controlled for date of delivery, gestational age, maternal body mass index, maternal age, paternal age, newborn sex, newborn ethnicity, season of delivery, parity, maternal smoking status, maternal educational level, pregnancy complications, and ambient temperature.Mothers who were exposed to higher levels of PM2.5 gave birth to newborns with shorter telomere length. The observed telomere loss in newborns by prenatal air pollution exposure indicates less buffer for postnatal influences of factors decreasing telomere length during life. Therefore, improvements in air quality may promote molecular longevity from birth onward.
TCT-677 Safety and Feasibility of Right Heart Catheterization through Antecubital Veins: Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis
Authors: Felipe Homem Valle, Rodrigo Wainstein, Jeruza Neyeloff, Fernando Pivatto Júnior, Gustavo Neves de Araújo, Guilherme Pinheiro Machado, Marco Wainstein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
3A.02 Major Drivers of Combined Modality Therapy for Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer in the United States National Cancer Database
Authors: T.A. Pezzi, A.S.R. Mohamed, D.L. Schwartz, J.W. Welsh, R.U. Komaki, S.M. Hahn, B. Sepesi, C.M. Pezzi, C.D. Fuller, S.G. Chun
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Situazione attuale de la botriocefalosi umana in Europa
Authors: J Dupouy-Camet, R Peduzzi
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

La botriocefalosi, parassitosi dovuta al grande verme piatto Diphyllobothrium latum, si contrae consumando il filetto crudo o mal cotto di pesce d'acqua dolce. Lo scopo dello studio e quello di valutare la situazione di questa parassitosi nel corso degli ultimi vent'anni in Europa, mediante l'analisi di base dei dati (Medline, Cabi Helminthological abstracts, Yahoo, Google) e mediante un questionario inviato ad una rete di parassitologhi europei ed ai laboratori d'analisi medica situati sulle rive dei grandi laghi alpini. La nostra indagine ha dimostrato che diverse decine di casi vengono segnalati ogni anno in Finlandia e Svezia, che i casi documentati erano pure numerosi nelle zone francofone e italofone dei laghi subalpini e inoltre che solo casi sporadici erano segnalati in Austria, Spagna, Grecia, Romania, Polonia e Norvegia. Dopo il 1990 abbiamo potuto documentare piu di trenta casi sulle rive svizzere del Lago Maggiore e 70 casi tra il 1993 e il 2002 sulle rive svizzere e francesi del Lago Lemano. Dall'8 al 12% dei filetti del pesce  del Lago Lemano ed il 7,8% del pesce  del Lago Maggiore, contengono larve infestanti. Le fonti di contaminazione sono: i filetti di pesce marinato nel Nord dell'Europa, il carpaccio di persico nel Nord Italia ed il pesce  (Perca fluviatilis) e il salmerino alpino (Salvelinus alpinus) consumati crudi o poco cotti nell'area del Lago Lemano. Uno sversamento persistente di acqua reflua nei laghi, i fruitori del lago -navigatori di diporto- frequentemente pescatori sportivi, un possibile serbatoio animale sono altrettanto fattori che permettono il mantenimento attivo del ciclo parassitico.
Brote de intoxicación alimentaria por Salmonella enteritidis en un hospital psiquiátrico de Dublín, Irlanda
Authors: T Grein, D O’Flanagan, T McCarthy, T Prendergast
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1997)

El 29 de agosto de 1.996, el 'Eastern Health Board' (Secretaria de Sanidad de la Region Oriental, EHB) de Irlanda recibio notificacion de un brote de enfermedad gastrointestinal en un hospital psiquiatrico de Dublin. Entre los 240 empleados de la institucion y 183 pacientes, 50 casos habian sido identificados desde el 27 de agosto y seguian apareciendo nuevos casos. El EHB comenzo de inmediato una investigacion para evaluar el alcance del brote, identificar el modo y vehiculo de transmision e implementar las medidas de control adecuadas.
A Case of Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma With Extensive Extraneural Metastases Imaged With FDG PET
Authors: Emily B. Ambinder, Steven P. Rowe
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2017)

A 28-year-old man with history of anaplastic oligodendroglimoma in the left frontal lobe presented with worsening right leg weakness 2 months after surgical resection. MRI of the brain and spine demonstrated a new mass in the left parietal lobe, as well as extraneural osseous metastases. FDG PET scan subsequently showed widespread extraneural metastatic disease. Extraneural metastases from primary brain tumors are a rare occurrence, although anaplastic oligodendroglioma has a propensity for spreading in such a manner. FDG PET can effectively stage patients with extraneural metastases from anaplastic oligodendroglioma by detecting metastatic disease in sites such as the skeleton and liver.
Surto de listeriose associado ao consumo de sanduiches vendidos num hospital, Reino-Unido
Authors: S J Dawson, M R Evans, D Willby, J Bardwell, N Chamberlain, D A Lewis
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

No outono de 2003 ocorreu um surto de listeriose na regiao de Swindon, Reino-Unido. Cinco casos foram detectados em mulheres gravidas. E provavel que quatro dentre elas tenham comido sanduiches pre-empaquetados comprados no mesmo hospital. A estirpe de Listeria monocytogenes identificada nas amostras procedentes do fornecedor nao pode ser distinguida daquela isolada por tipificacao molecular nas pacientes. As mudancas recentes da normativa sobre alimentos no Reino-Unido deveriam contribuir para a diminuicao do risco de novos surtos ou casos como descrito neste artigo.
Paludismo en Austria, 1990-2000
Authors: R Strauss, C Pfeifer
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2003)

En Austria, durante el periodo comprendido entre 1990 y 2000, se declararon 924 casos de paludismo asociados a viajes (media = 84/ano). No se observaron tendencias a la baja o al alza significativas. P. falciparum (n=517; 55,9%) represento el mayor numero de casos, seguida de P. vivax u oval (n=321; 34,7%) y P. malariae (n=29; 2,2%). Casi todas las infecciones se contrajeron en regiones paludicas muy endemicas (n=686; 74,2%) y la mayoria de los casos se declaro en los condados mas grandes: Viena (n=336, 36,4%), Styria (n=156, 16,8%) y Baja Austria (n=151, 16,3%). En general, se produjeron 12 muertes, casi todas por P. falciparum (n=9, 75%; tasa de letalidad: 1,9%). Se obtuvieron los datos de quimioprofilaxis de 752 casos (81,4%) pero solo la mitad de ellos (n=367, 48,8%) indico el farmaco utilizado. En cuanto a los datos de cumplimiento del tratamiento, solo se obtuvieron de un 45,4% de los casos, de los cuales solo alrededor del 60% completaron el tratamiento profilactico.
A returning traveller with epilepsy
Authors: Harshavardhan Bandi, Rizwan Khan, Vinod Dibbur
Journal: BMJ (2017)

A 35 year old vegetarian Indian woman who had been living in the UK for three years presented in the emergency department with a first episode of seizure after a trip to India. She had undergone total thyroidectomy for toxic nodular goitre in the UK earlier in the year and was taking calcium supplements. She had experienced vague abdominal discomfort two weeks before the seizure. The patient’s grandmother, whom the patient visited during her trip to India, had experienced delirium, dizziness, and headaches two months before the patient’s visit. These symptoms self resolved and were not investigated. In addition, the patient’s husband also experienced vague abdominal discomfort similar to the patient’s, two weeks before she presented. The woman had a magnetic …
Horizontal Transfer of Non-LTR Retrotransposons from Arthropods to Flowering Plants
Authors: Dongying Gao, Ye Chu, Han Xia, Chunming Xu, Karolina Heyduk, Brian Abernathy, Peggy Ozias-Akins, James H Leebens-Mack, Scott A Jackson
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2017)

Even though lateral movements of transposons across families and even phyla within multicellular eukaryotic kingdoms have been found, little is known about transposon transfer between the kingdoms Animalia and Plantae. We discovered a novel non-LTR retrotransposon, AdLINE3, in a wild peanut species. Sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses indicated that AdLINE3 is a member of the RTE clade, originally identified in a nematode and rarely reported in plants. We identified RTE elements in 82 plants, spanning angiosperms to algae, including recently active elements in some flowering plants. RTE elements in flowering plants were likely derived from a single family we refer to as An-RTE. Interestingly, An-RTEs show significant DNA sequence identity with non-LTR retroelements from 42 animals belonging to four phyla. Moreover, the sequence identity of RTEs between two arthropods and two plants was higher than that of homologous genes. Phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses of RTEs from both animals and plants suggest that the An-RTE family was likely transferred horizontally into angiosperms from an ancient aphid(s) or ancestral arthropod(s). Notably, some An-RTEs were recruited as coding sequences of functional genes participating in metabolic or other biochemical processes in plants. This is the first potential example of horizontal transfer of transposons between animals and flowering plants. Our findings help to understand exchanges of genetic material between the kingdom Animalia and Plantae and suggest arthropods likely impacted on plant genome evolution.
Azacitidin Is Effective in the Therapy Related Myelodysplastic Syndrome.
Authors: Hirofumi Yamauchi, Masahiro Yokoyama, Yuko Mishima, Noriko Nishimura, Kyoko Ueda, Yoshiharu Kusano, Norihito Inoue, Anna Takahashi, Yasuhito Terui, Kiyohiko Hatake
Journal: Blood (2016)
TCT-769 Impact of embolic protection and repositioning on stroke in patients treated with a repositionable and fully retrievable aortic valve in routine clinical practice: An analysis from the RESPOND post-market study
Authors: Jochen Wöhrle, David Hildick-Smith, Sabine Bleiziffer, Daniel Blackman, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Dominic Allocco, Ian Meredith, Volkmar Falk, Nicolas Van Mieghem
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)