tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTH-030 Diclofenac sodium versus placebo for unsedated colonoscopy in hospitalised patients: a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled study
Authors: V Giljaca, G Dorcic, G Hauser, N Salkic, D Stimac
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patients rarely accept colonoscopy without anxiety because the procedure is commonly associated with significant pain (1). Different agents were investigated to increase patient comfort and technical performance of colonoscopy with variable success and adverse events profiles (2). Diclofenac inhibited visceral pain signals on colonic stretching in animal studies (3). <h3>Method</h3> We have conducted a single-centre randomised study to evaluate the analgesic effect of diclofenac versus placebo in patients undergoing unsedated colonoscopy. Patients were randomised to receive 100 mg of diclofenac (Group 1) or placebo (Group 2). We used a 10-point VAS scale for pain. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare mean pain index and time to discharge. Spearman's test was used for correlation between caecal intubation rates and pain. <h3>Results</h3> We recruited a total of 88 patients divided into 2 groups: 43 (48.9%) in intervention group and 45 (51.1%) into placebo group. Baseline characteristics of patients did not differ significantly. There was no difference between groups in pain during colonoscopy (Mann-Whitney; Z=−0.84; p=0.40) or in grading of colonoscopy experience (1–10 scale) (Mann-Whitney; Z=−0.99; p=0.32), or number of patients that would repeat colonoscopy. There wasn't any significant correlation between caecal intubation time and pain scale values (Spearman's r=0.17; p=0.20). A significant correlation between caecal intubation time and pain scale values was found in placebo group (Spearman's r=0.37; p=0.04) but not in intervention group (Spearman's r=−0.08; p=0.71). Two lethal outcomes were recorded, both in the placebo group (4.4%; p=0.50%). Time to discharge in days was also not significantly different (Mann Whitney; Z=−0.18; p=0.85). <h3>Conclusion</h3> There does not seem to be an effect of diclofenac on pain during unsedated colonoscopy compared with placebo. <h3>References</h3> . Denberg TD, Malhado TV, Coombes JM. Predictor of nonadherence to screening colonoscopy. J Gen Intern Med2005:11;989. . Triantafillidis JK, Merikas E, Nikolakis D, Papalois AE. Sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy: current issues. <i>World J Gastroenterol</i> 2013;19:463–81. . Gold MS, Zhang L, Wrigley DL, Traub RJ. Prostaglandin E2 modulates TTXR I(Na) in rat colonic sensory neurons. <i>J Neurophysiol</i> 2002;88:1512–22. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Perspectivas de la política vacunal de la BCG en Francia
Authors: D Lévy-Bruhl
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

La politica francesa de vacunacion por la BCG consistia hasta hace poco tiempo en la primo-vacunacion de los ninos, obligatoria antes de la entrada en centros infantiles, y la revacunacion de los ninos tuberculin negativos. Esta politica esta siendo reevaluada en Francia desde hace algunos anos. Ello condujo a la interrupcion en 2004 de todas las revacunaciones, asi como tambien de las pruebas tuberculinicas post-vacunales de rutina excepto las realizadas para el diagnostico de la infeccion o enfermedad tuberculosa, o de la vigilancia del personal sanitario o social para los que la vacunacion por la BCG sigue siendo obligatoria. Basandose en una evaluacion del impacto epidemiologico que tenia, por un lado, la vacunacion de los ninos de mas riesgo y por otro, la interrupcion total de la vacunacion por la BCG, y tomando en consideracion la balanza beneficio-riesgo de estas dos opciones, el Conseil superieur d’hygiene publique de France (CSHPF) recomendo cambiar a la vacunacion selectiva. Sin embargo, como condicion previa, el comite ha recomendado reforzar otras medidas de control para disminuir el riesgo de infeccion para los ninos. Esta posicion se hace mas compleja por la desaparicion, a principios de 2006, de la tecnica de multipuncion previamente utilizada en Francia en mas del 90% de la vacunaciones primarias por la BCG.
Abstract 18616: Sirtuin 3 Ablation Exacerbates Cerebral Injury After Experimental Cardiac Surgery via Inflammasome Activation
Authors: Zhiquan Zhang, Qing Ma, Michael Smith, Michael. Manning, Quintin Quinones, Mihai Podgoreanu
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Neuroinflammation triggered by sterile surgical trauma, cardiopulmonary bypass and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a major factor in cerebral injury and cognitive decline after cardiac ...
Needle-use declarations at the Olympic Games Rio 2016
Authors: Molly Allen, Mark Campbell Stuart, Hannah Gribble, Richard Budgett, Andrew Pipe
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

We report on the results of the 'IOC Needle Policy' applied during the course of the Games of the XXXI Summer Olympiad in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The policy was intended to empower physicians to ensure appropriate clinical use of needles within team medical environments, enhance the safety of those responsible for housekeeping services and others in the Olympic environment, and permit documentation of such procedures as an adjunct to the doping control programme. Any needle use required the submission of an 'Injection Declaration Form' to IOC medical officials.All 'Injection Declaration Forms' were reviewed and archived. The declarations provided basic information regarding the nature of the needle use and the product(s) involved, the physician, athlete and respective National Olympic Committee (NOC). The details of the declarations were subsequently categorised.A total of 367 declarations were received from physicians representing 49 NOCs. Needle-use declarations were more common in athletics, gymnastics, football and aquatics. A single product was administered in 60% of the cases, and more than one product was administered in 40%. The majority of declarations indicated the use of local anaesthetics, glucocorticoids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics.The introduction of a 'Needle Policy' in the Olympic Games setting was intended to minimise the use of needles by non-physicians, promote evidence-based practice and to deter needle-based doping practices. Declarations were received from 49 of 209 NOCs suggesting either that needle use is minimal among certain teams or opportunities remain to enhance compliance with such policies at future games.
Molecular basis for immunohistochemical and inflammatory changes during progression of gingivitis to periodontitis
Authors: Sivge Kurgan, Alpdogan Kantarci
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2017)

Two common diseases - gingivitis and periodontitis - affect the periodontium. Symptoms of disease entities are used for distinguishing various forms of gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis follows a linear and progressive course when a healthy individual stops oral care, as shown by the experimental gingivitis model. It is not known if and when gingivitis transforms into periodontitis. A very limited number of studies present direct evidence regarding the histological changes over time and how they correlate to the clinical transition from gingivitis to periodontitis. This review focuses on the pathological changes that occur during the progression of gingivitis into periodontitis through discussing the molecular, cellular and immunohistochemical aspects of the inflammatory process. Molecular pathways regulating periodontal inflammation also determine the outcomes of disease and healing. Treatment of inflammatory diseases, particularly periodontitis in which extensive tissue damage could result from the inflammatory process, needs to target full restoration of the lost tissues. This can only be accomplished by a thorough understanding of the activation and resolution of periodontal disease and of the molecular events that occur during these phases.
P2.04-003 Phase II Trial of X-396 (Ensartinib) for Chinese Patients with ALK (+) Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Who Progressed on Crizotinib
Authors: L. Zhang, J. Li, W. Zhong, Y. Hu, X. Liu, Z. Wang, Y. Zhao, J. Feng, J. Zhou, Y. Zhang, Y. Fan, G. Wu, F. Tan, L. Ding
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Psychometric validation of the needs assessment tool: progressive disease in interstitial lung disease
Authors: Miriam J Johnson, Armita Jamali, Joy Ross, Caroline Fairhurst, Jason Boland, Carla Reigada, Simon Paul Hart, Gunn Grande, David C Currow, Athol U Wells, Sabrina Bajwah, Thanos Papadopoulos, J Martin Bland, Janelle Yorke
Journal: Thorax (2017)

The inter-rater/test–retest reliability and construct validity of a palliative care needs assessment tool in interstitial lung disease (NAT:PD-ILD) were tested using NAT:PD-ILD-guided video-recorded consultations, and NAT:PD-ILD-guided consultations, and patient and carer-report outcomes (St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ)-ILD, Carer Strain Index (CSI)/Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool (CSNAT)). 11/16 items reached at least fair inter-rater agreement; 5 items reached at least moderate test–retest agreement. 4/6 patient constructs demonstrated agreement with SGRQ-I scores (Kendall’s tau-b, 0.24–20.36; P&lt;0.05). 4/7 carer constructs agreed with the CSI/CSNAT items (kappa, 0.23–20.53). The NAT:PD-ILD is reliable and valid. Clinical effectiveness and implementation are to be evaluated.
Clinical impact of postoperative surgical complications on the colorectal cancer survival and recurrence: Analyses of pooled individual patients’ data from three large phase III randomized trials
Authors: T. Aoyama, K. Oba, M. Honda, S. Sadahiro, C. Hamada, S. Mayanagi, M. Kanda, H. Maeda, J. Sakamoto, S. Saji, T. Yoshikawa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
JMJD6 promotes melanoma carcinogenesis through regulation of the alternative splicing of PAK1, a key MAPK signaling component
Authors: Xujun Liu, Wenzhe Si, Xinhua Liu, Lin He, Jie Ren, Ziran Yang, Jianguo Yang, Wanjin Li, Shumeng Liu, Fei Pei, Xiaohan Yang, Luyang Sun
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2017)

Melanoma, originated from melanocytes located on the basal membrane of the epithelial tissue, is the most aggressive form of skin cancer that accounts for 75% of skin cancer-related death. Although it is believed that BRAF mutation and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway play critical roles in the pathogenesis of melanoma, how the MAPK signaling is regulated in melanoma carcinogenesis is still not fully understood.We characterized JMJD6 expression in melanoma tissue array by immunohistochemistry analysis. We used human melanoma A375, 451Lu and SK-MEL-1 cell lines for in vitro proliferation and invasion experiments, and xenograft transplanted mice using murine melanoma B16F10 cells by bioluminescence imaging for in vivo tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis assessments. Endothelial tube formation assay, chicken yolk sac membrane assay and matrigel plug assay were performed to test the effect of JMJD6 on the angiogenic potential in vitro and in vivo.Here we report that the jumonji C domain-containing demethylase/hydroxylase JMJD6 is markedly up-regulated in melanoma. We found that high expression of JMJD6 is closely correlated with advanced clinicopathologic stage, aggressiveness, and poor prognosis of melanoma. RNA-seq showed that knockdown of JMJD6 affects the alternative splicing of a panel of transcripts including that encoding for PAK1, a key component in MAPK signaling pathway. We demonstrated that JMJD6 enhances the MAPK signaling and promotes multiple cellular processes including melanogenesis, proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis in melanoma cells. Interestingly, JMJD6 is transcriptionally activated by c-Jun, generating a feedforward loop to drive the development and progression of melanoma.Our results indicate that JMJD6 is critically involved in melanoma carcinogenesis, supporting the pursuit of JMJD6 as a potential biomarker for melanoma aggressiveness and a target for melanoma intervention.
Abstract 19881: Acute Detrimental Effects of Electronic Cigarette and Tobacco Cigarette Smoking on the Cardiovascular System and Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Konstantinos Tsioufis, Kyriakos Dimitriadis, Alexandros Kasiakogias, Christos Fragoulis, Dimitris Konstantinidis, Konstantinos Konstantinou, Nikos Mantzouranis, Giannis Leontsinis, Dimitrios Tousoulis
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction:  Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) and combined systolic-diastolic hypertension (CH) are related with increased cardiovascular risk.   Hypothesis:  ISH and CH may have different predictive role for the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke in a cohort of essential hypertensive patients.   Methods:  We followed up 1605 essential hypertensives with office systolic blood pressure (BP)≥140 mmHg [mean age 58.1 years, 842 males, office BP=153/92 mmHg] for a mean period of 8 years. All subjects had at least one annual visit and at baseline underwent echocardiographic study and blood sampling. Patients with baseline ISH exhibited office systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and office diastolic BP    Results:  The incidence of CAD and stroke over the follow-up period was 3.1% (n=50) and 1.4% (n=22) respectively. Patients with ISH (n=510) compared to those with Cη (n=1095) were older (65±10 vs 55±11 years, p   Conclusions:  Both ISH and CH predict future development of stroke, whereas ISH but not CH exhibits independent prognostic value for CAD, suggesting different predictive role of ISH and CH for the cerebrovascular and coronary events.
Minimum alcohol pricing goes ahead in Scotland after drinks industry loses legal battle
Authors: Bryan Christie
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Scotland will become the first country in the world to set a minimum price for alcohol, after the final rejection of legal attempts by the drinks industry to block the move.

Judges at the UK’s Supreme Court dismissed an appeal by the Scotch Whisky Association, which has argued that minimum pricing breaches European law. The decision brings an end to a five year fight to establish the legality of minimum pricing and was hailed by Alcohol Focus Scotland as a “fantastic day for public …
Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs and Opioid Death Rates
Authors: William Rudman, Peter Corcoran, Kimberly Elliott
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Major 2012 NHS reform failed to deliver on promises, finds study
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2017)

The government’s major reorganisation of the health service in England in 2012, the most sweeping in the recent history of the NHS, failed to reduce admissions to hospital, shows a new study that tracked the effects of the changes on hospital workloads. Furthermore, it found an increase in outpatient visits to specialists after 2012.

The study, reported in PLOS Medicine ,1 looked at the effect of the Health and Social Care Act 2012, which introduced the clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) that gave greater control of secondary care budgets to GPs. Policy makers hoped that this would shift care away from hospitals to the community.

Using routinely …
Compelling Reasons for Repairing Human Germlines
Authors: George Church
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Interview with Dr. George Church on recent advances in human germline repair and movement toward clinical applications. (07:01)Download Researchers recently reported that, using gene-editing technology, they reduced the proportion of embryos containing a dominant disease allele. Several key advances could result in useful deployment of a high-impact technology that would improve future human health.
Standards for a Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory
Authors: Milton Markowitz, William Weidman, Dan Mcnamara, Larry Elliott, Donald Fyler, James Malm, James Manning, Joseph Perloff, William Rashkind, Madison Spach, Rest Adams, George Davis, James Dushane, Allen Engle, I Hoffman, John Jurgens, Owings Kincaid, L Krovetz, Paul Lurie, Shiela Mitchell, Alexander Nadas, James Nora, Patrick Ongley, Donald Ritrer, Gerold Schiebler, Norman Talner, Helen Taussig, John Vogel, Paul Yu, Robert Adolph, David Blankenhorn, Eugene Braunwald, Arthur Feinfield, Noble Fowler, John Graetringer, John Holmes, J Hurst, Francis You, King Lau, Edward Orgain, Walter Pritchard, Francis Rosenbaum, Richard Ross, Leonard Scherlis, Harold Spitz, Arnold Weissler
Journal: Circulation (1970)
Association of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease With Lower Brain Volume in Healthy Middle-aged Adults in the Framingham Study
Authors: Galit Weinstein, Shira Zelber-Sagi, Sarah R. Preis, Alexa S. Beiser, Charles DeCarli, Elizabeth K. Speliotes, Claudia L. Satizabal, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Sudha Seshadri
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2017)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common condition that is most often asymptomatic. It is associated with metabolic syndrome, incident diabetes, carotid atherosclerosis, and endothelial dysfunction, conditions that in turn are strongly linked with brain damage and cognitive impairment. However, it is not known whether NAFLD is associated with structural brain measures in humans.To assess the association between prevalent NAFLD and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures.The cross-sectional association between NAFLD and brain MRI measures was assessed from November 6, 2002, to March 16, 2011, in 766 individuals from the Offspring cohort of the Framingham Study. Participants were included if they did not have excessive alcohol intake and were free of stroke and dementia. Data analysis was conducted from December 30, 2015, to June 15, 2016.Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was assessed by multidetector computed tomographic scans of the abdomen.Linear or logistic regression models were used to evaluate the cross-sectional association between NAFLD and brain MRI measures, adjusting for age, sex, alcohol consumption, visceral adipose tissue, body mass index, menopausal status, systolic blood pressure, hypertension, current smoking, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, lipid treatment, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, physical activity, insulin resistance, C-reactive protein levels, and plasma homocysteine values. Brain MRI measures included total cerebral brain volume, hippocampal and white matter hyperintensity volumes, and presence or absence of covert brain infarcts.Of the 766 individuals in the study sample (410 women and 356 men; mean [SD] age at the time of brain MRI, 67 [9] years), 137 (17.9%) had NAFLD. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was significantly associated with smaller total cerebral brain volume even after adjustment for all the covariates included in the study (β [SE], -0.26 [0.11]; P = .02). Differences in total cerebral brain volume between those with and without NAFLD corresponded to 4.2 years of brain aging in the general sample and to 7.3 years in individuals younger than 60 years of age. No statistically significant associations were observed between NAFLD and hippocampal or white matter hyperintensity volumes or covert brain infarcts.Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with a smaller total cerebral brain volume, independent of visceral adipose tissue and cardiometabolic risk factors, pointing to a possible link between hepatic steatosis and brain aging.
The change in the psoas muscle index in neoadjuvant therapy is a predictive prognostic marker in locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: T. Fukuoka, K. Maeda, H. Nagahara, M. Shibutani, S. Nakao, S. Matsutani, S. Kashiwagi, K. Hirakawa, M. Ohira
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Allergen Concerns and Popular Skin Care Products
Authors: Carsten R. Hamann, Jacob P. Thyssen
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Secondary care doctors denigrate general practice in front of medical students, study finds
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Placements in secondary care expose medical students to negativity about general practice, researchers have found.

A report by the Royal College of General Practitioners and the Medical Schools Council said that better collaboration was needed across primary and secondary care to stop students being put off becoming GPs.1

The report was based on research conducted by Shift Learning, a market research agency, which sent an online survey to UK medical students through deans, heads of schools, and education leads. The survey received responses from 3680 students in 30 UK medical schools, representing 9.4% of the total medical student population.

It found that 70% of medical students had come across negativity towards general practice in clinical settings. Nearly four fifths (79%) said …