tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS: A MORE AGGRESSIVE DISEASE COURSE?
Authors: Deepak Joshi, James R. Maggs, John Karani, Michael A. Heneghan, Ivana Carey, Chris Taylor, Nigel Heaton, Abid Suddle, John G. O'Grady, Kosh Agarwal
Journal: Hepatology (2010)
N-Acetylcysteine in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Joep W.R. Sins, Karin Fijnvandraat, Anita W. Rijneveld, Martine B. Boom, Jean-Louis Kerkhoffs, Alfred H. van Meurs, Marco R De Groot, Harriet Heijboer, Marie-Françoise Dresse, Alina Ferster, Philippe Hermans, Anna Vanderfaeillie, Eric W Van Den Neste, Fleur Samantha Benghiat, Jo Howard, Rachel Kesse-Adu, Andre Delannoy, Andre Efira, Marie-Agnes Azerad, Corianne A.J.M. de Borgie, Bart J. Biemond
Journal: Blood (2016)
Causal Inference in Psychiatric Epidemiology
Authors: Kenneth S. Kendler
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Collaborative Care in an Evolving Health Care Delivery Landscape
Authors: Muthiah Vaduganathan, Nilay K. Patel, Brian A. Bergmark
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Impact of symptoms and toxicity on quality of life: Exploratory analysis of gemcitabine plus docetaxel vs capecitabine plus docetaxel in metastatic breast cancer
Authors: P. Fumoleau, G. Romieu, S. Chan, J. Huober, M. Tubiana-Hulin, A. Schneeweiss, A. Lluch, P. Bougnoux
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

682 Background: A recent phase III trial comparing gemcitabine-docetaxel (GD) with capecitabine-docetaxel (CD) for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) found comparable progression-free survival but patients (pts) on GD had less toxicity (Chan, ASCO 2005). To better understand how quality of life (QoL) is impacted by toxicity and symptoms, we conducted an exploratory analysis. Methods: The study had 305 pts who relapsed after anthracycline-based treatment either in (neo)adjuvant or first-line MBC. Pts were randomized to GD or CD for 21-day cycles until PD or unacceptable toxicity. QoL was assessed every cycle with Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL). Only pts with RSCL data were included in the QoL analysis. Comparison between arms of changes from baseline in RSCL dimensions at each cycle were analyzed using analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA). Because the physical symptom distress scale (PSDS) includes symptom- and toxicity-related items, distributions of responses to each item were explored. Results: 302 pts received treatment (GD 152; CD 150); median number of cycles was 6 for both arms. 267 pts (88%) had baseline RSCL data; compliance ranged from 79%-88% for the first 6 cycles. Baseline RSCL scores were comparable between arms. No statistical differences between arms were seen for any of the RSCL dimensions (p&gt;.05 at all cycles). Both arms had worsening in the PSDS (median increases of 3–6.8 on 69-point scale). Numerical differences were seen in some PSDS items rated as “quite a bit” or “very much.” By cycle 3, more GD pts reported tiredness (58% v 47%), lack of energy (45% v 38%), back pain (19% v 9%), and by cycle 2, alopecia (76% v 66%). By cycle 1, more CD pts reported tingling hands/feet (15% v 7%) and burning/sore eyes (14% v 3%). Conclusions: Preliminary analysis indicated no QoL differences between GD and CD; however, further exploration shows that physical distress is explained by different symptoms and toxicities in each arm. Results, particularly at later cycles, should be cautiously interpreted because of pt attrition and different reasons for discontinuation (eg, more CD than GD pts discontinued due to serious adverse events [28% v 13%]). Further analysis incorporating clinical outcomes may better explain QoL outcomes [Table: see text]
Role of Glucagon in Catabolism and Muscle Wasting of Critical Illness and Modulation by Nutrition
Authors: Steven E. Thiessen, Sarah Derde, Inge Derese, Thomas Dufour, Chloé Albert Vega, Lies Langouche, Chloë Goossens, Nele Peersman, Pieter Vermeersch, Sarah Vander Perre, Jens J. Holst, Pieter J. Wouters, Ilse Vanhorebeek, Greet Van den Berghe
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2017)

Critical illness is hallmarked by muscle wasting and disturbances in glucose, lipid, and amino acid homeostasis. Circulating concentrations of glucagon, a catabolic hormone that affects these metabolic pathways, are elevated during critical illness. Insight in the nutritional regulation of glucagon and its metabolic role during critical illness is lacking.To evaluate whether macronutrient infusion can suppress plasma glucagon during critical illness and study the role of illness-induced glucagon abundance in the disturbed glucose, lipid, and amino acid homeostasis and in muscle wasting during critical illness.In human and mouse studies, we infused macronutrients and manipulated glucagon availability up and down to investigate its acute and chronic metabolic role during critical illness.In critically ill patients, infusing glucose with insulin did not lower glucagon, whereas parenteral nutrition containing amino acids increased glucagon. In critically ill mice, infusion of amino acids increased glucagon and up-regulated markers of hepatic amino acid catabolism without affecting muscle wasting. Immunoneutralizing glucagon in critically ill mice only transiently affected glucose and lipid metabolism, did not affect muscle wasting, but drastically suppressed markers of hepatic amino acid catabolism and reversed the illness-induced hypoaminoacidemia.These data suggest that elevated glucagon availability during critical illness increases hepatic amino acid catabolism, explaining the illness-induced hypoaminoacidemia, without affecting muscle wasting and without a sustained impact on blood glucose. Furthermore, amino acid infusion likely results in a further breakdown of amino acids in the liver, mediated by increased glucagon, without preventing muscle wasting. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00512122).
Reassessment of an Asthma Diagnosis—Reply
Authors: Shawn D. Aaron
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evaluation of spot urine protein to creatinine ratio and 24-hour urine protein quantification for proteinuria in patients with plasma cell dyscrasia.
Authors: Susmitha Apuri, Taiga Nishihori, Karen Yin Lin, Rachid C. Baz, Jongphil Kim, Kenneth H. Shain, Elias Doumit, Jose L. Ochoa-Bayona, Daniel Sullivan, Melissa Alsina, Benjamin Djulbegovic
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e19516 Background: Though cumbersome, a 24-hour urine collection remains crucial for diagnosis and monitoring in plasma cell dyscrasias (PCD). Nephrology guidelines recommend replacement of 24-hour urine collection with spot urine protein/creatinine (Pr/Cr) ratio for proteinuria. Only limited data exist on accuracy of spot urine Pr/Cr ratio in PCD. Methods: From 04/2012 to 01/2013, a total of 67 PCD patients were prospectively enrolled. Oliguria or dialysis were considered ineligible. Spot urine was collected on the day of 24-hour urine collection. Spot urine Pr/Cr ratios were compared to 24-hour urine on (1) total protein and (2) monoclonal protein (M-spike). Results: Fifty-two of 67 patients were evaluable (missing samples in 9; no Pr/Cr ratios in 4; protein below the level of detection in 2). A median age was 66 (range, 36 - 82), 62% were male, and 81% were Caucasian. Primary diagnoses were myeloma (n=47), amyloidosis (n=2), plasmacytoma (n=2), and MGUS (n=1). Comorbidities included hypertension (58%), chronic kidney disease (27%), diabetes (19%), and congestive heart failure (2%). A median serum creatinine was 0.9 mg/dL (range, 0.5 - 5.1). A median spot urine Pr/Cr ratio was 140 mg/g creatinine (range, 32 - 21,447), a median 24-hour urine protein was 130 mg (range, 31 - 15,092: n=49), and a median urine M-spike was 1.9 mg (range, 0 - 8,099). Most spot urine samples were collected in the morning (65%). There were strong correlations between (1) spot urine Pr/Cr ratio and 24-hour total urine protein (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.91, p &lt; 0.0001), and (2) spot urine Pr/Cr ratio and 24-hour urine M-spike (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.73, p &lt; 0.0001). The timing of spot urine sample collection had no significant effect (p = 0.274 by Wilcoxon rank-sum test). Conclusions: Spot urine Pr/Cr ratio strongly correlates with proteinuria measured in 24-hour urine collection and may predict the quantity of urine M-spike in non-oliguric PCD population. Spot urine Pr/Cr ratio may be useful as a monitoring tool for estimation of proteinuria. The study is ongoing and updated result will be provided.
Comparison of MRD Levels and Gene Expression Patterns in MLL-R Versus Non-MLL Infant ALL
Authors: Rosemary Sutton, Tamara Law, Nicola C Venn, Carol Wadham, Emily VA Mould, Murray D Norris, Rishi S Kotecha, Rolf Marschalek, Claus Meyer, Luciano Dalla-Pozza, Glenn M Marshall, Richard B Lock, Toby N. Trahair
Journal: Blood (2016)
Feasibility and Efficacy of a Smart Mat Technology to Predict Development of Diabetic Plantar Ulcers
Authors: Robert G. Frykberg, Ian L. Gordon, Alexander M. Reyzelman, Shawn M. Cazzell, Ryan H. Fitzgerald, Gary M. Rothenberg, Jonathan D. Bloom, Brian J. Petersen, David R. Linders, Aksone Nouvong, Bijan Najafi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

OBJECTIVE We conducted a multicenter evaluation of a novel remote foot-temperature monitoring system to characterize its accuracy for predicting impending diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) in a cohort of patients with diabetes with previously healed DFU. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We enrolled 132 participants with diabetes and prior DFU in this 34-week cohort study to evaluate a remote foot-temperature monitoring system (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02647346). The study device was a wireless daily-use thermometric foot mat to assess plantar temperature asymmetries. The primary outcome of interest was development of nonacute plantar DFU, and the primary efficacy analysis was the accuracy of the study device for predicting the occurrence of DFU over several temperature asymmetry thresholds. RESULTS Of the 129 participants who contributed evaluable data to the study, a total of 37 (28.7%) presented with 53 DFU (0.62 DFU/participant/year). At an asymmetry of 2.22°C, the standard threshold used in previous studies, the system correctly identified 97% of observed DFU, with an average lead time of 37 days and a false-positive rate of 57%. Increasing the temperature threshold to 3.20°C decreased sensitivity to 70% but similarly reduced the false-positive rate to 32% with approximately the same lead time of 35 days. Approximately 86% of the cohort used the system at least 3 days a week on average over the study. CONCLUSIONS Given the encouraging study results and the significant burden of DFU, use of this mat may result in significant reductions in morbidity, mortality, and resource utilization.
Quality of life in patients with advanced melanoma receiving vaccine therapy alone (V) or vaccine with high-dose interleukin-2 (V-HIL2)
Authors: S. F. Marden, P. Muehlbauer, K. Soeken, N. Kline Leidy, D. Parchen, D. J. Schwartzentruber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

8549 Background: Melanoma is a public health concern with 1 in 75 Americans diagnosed during their lifetime and 5-year survival rate of about 10% for those with advanced melanoma. With curative options limited, new regimens must be evaluated and attention given to outcomes of how patients feel and function as a result of therapy. Methods: We examined the effect of biotherapy and fatigue on health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with stage IV melanoma enrolled in phase II clinical trials at the NCI receiving peptide vaccines with or without high dose IL-2. Generic HRQL was measured by physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) summary scores of the Short Form-36 health survey (SF-36). The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) with a fatigue scale (FS) measured disease-specific HRQL and fatigue. Higher scores on measures indicate better physical, emotional, social function and well-being and less fatigue. Between 2000–2003, patients (F=22, M=47; mean age 46 ± 11) completed measures by computer at baseline (BL) and first follow-up after 2 cycles of treatment, before discussion of response to therapy. Data were analyzed using two-way ANCOVA with biotherapy (V or V-HIL2) and fatigue (worse (W) or improved/stable (I/S)) as factors and BL HRQL as covariate. A clinically important difference on FS is reported as 3 points. Fatigue levels with decrease of 3 from BL to follow-up were classified as W and &lt;3 as I/S. Results: Patients were Caucasian (99%), married (77%), BL ECOG 0 or 1 (99%), mean BL Hgb 13 ± 2 and received 2 prior therapies (38%) or more (42%). Adjusting for BL HRQL, there was no biotherapy (p &gt;.30) or interaction effect (p &gt;.60; table ). There was a fatigue effect (p &lt;.001) with lower HRQL adjusted mean scores in W versus I/S. Conclusions: HRQL does not differ in patients with advanced melanoma ECOG 0 or 1 who receive investigational V versus V-HIL2 at follow-up evaluation. Patients’ reporting of worsened fatigue is associated with poorer HRQL, regardless of the biotherapy received. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Erratum to: Epidemiology of sepsis and infection in ICU patients from an international multicentre cohort study
Authors: Corinne Alberti, Christian Brun-Buisson, Hilmar Burchardi, Claudio Martin, Sergey Goodman, Antonio Artigas, Alberto Sicignano, Mark Palazzo, Rui Moreno, Ronan Boulmé, Eric Lepage, Jean Le Gall
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2002)
There is strength in numbers for muscle injuries: it is time to establish an international collaborative registry
Authors: Nicol van Dyk, Anne D van der Made, Ryan G Timmins, David A Opar, Johannes L Tol
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Muscle injuries are not all the same. All clinicians have experienced treating injuries that just won’t heal quickly, even though they seem like they should. We feel increasingly anxious as pressure from the patient and team management mounts. One factor that may delay healing of a ‘muscle strain’ is involvement of intramuscular tendon in the injury; we use this example to discuss how clinicians can cooperate to advance understanding and treatment of muscle injuries.

A recent narrative review by Brukner and Connell1 has highlighted that, although athletes often present with the ‘typical’ musculotendinous injury, damage may sometimes extend into the intramuscular tendon. Intramuscular (also described as central)2 refers to the part of the tendon onto which muscle fibres insert (as opposed to the ‘free’ tendon). Brukner and Connell contend this has implications for treatment and prognosis.1 Not everybody agrees.

The ‘traditional’ strain injury typically involves the musculotendinous junction, while the newly proposed injury subtype extends into the tendinous tissue. Tendon healing, characterised by a slow metabolic rate due to lower oxygen consumption, is a more time-consuming process than muscle …
Airway basophils are increased and activated in eosinophilic asthma
Authors: Y. Suzuki, K. Wakahara, T. Nishio, S. Ito, Y. Hasegawa
Journal: Allergy (2017)

Abstract Background The impact of basophils on asthma pathogenesis remains largely unexplored, particularly in humans. Here, we evaluated the frequencies and activation status of basophils in the sputum of adult asthmatic patients and related our findings to other parameters of eosinophilic airway inflammation. Methods We enrolled 44 adult asthmatic patients who were being treated with inhaled corticosteroids ( ICS ). Analysis of the induced sputum, exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO) measurement, and asthma control test ( ACT ) were carried out together with standard blood and pulmonary function tests. The cellular composition of the sputum was examined by flow cytometry, and the phenotypes of blood and sputum basophils were compared. Results Basophils were increased in the sputum of asthmatic patients. The expression of CD203c on sputum basophils was significantly higher than that on blood basophils. The percentage of sputum basophils was positively correlated with those of eosinophils and mast cells; it was also correlated with that of blood eosinophils and Fe NO . However, sputum basophils were not correlated with serum IgE, lung function, or the percentage of blood basophils. A receiver‐operating characteristic ( ROC ) curve showed the superiority of sputum basophils as a surrogate marker of the percentages of sputum eosinophils compared with absolute numbers of blood eosinophils and Fe NO . Conclusion The number of activated basophils was increased in the sputum of patients with eosinophilic asthma and correlated with airway and blood eosinophils. Our observations suggest that sputum basophils may serve as a biomarker to monitor new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma.
T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL) Shows Excellent Outcome, Lack of Significance of the Early Thymic Precursor (ETP) Immunophenotype, and Validation of the Prognostic Value of End-Induction Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) in Children’s Oncology Group (COG) Study AALL0434
Authors: Brent L. Wood, Stuart S. Winter, Kimberly P. Dunsmore, Meenakshi Devidas, Si Chen, Barbara Asselin, Natia Esiashvili, Mignon L. Loh, Naomi J. Winick, William L. Carroll, Elizabeth A. Raetz, Stephen P. Hunger
Journal: Blood (2014)
Fluorescein Guidance in Glioblastoma Resection
Authors: David W Roberts, Jonathan Olson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

A 55-year-old man presented with a 1-week history of severe headache. Imaging of the brain revealed a 4.5-cm, rim-enhancing mass in the right temporal lobe. Fluorescein was administered intravenously to facilitate tumor resection.
Novel Androgen Receptor Coregulator GRHL2 Exerts Both Oncogenic and Antimetastatic Functions in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Steve Paltoglou, Rajdeep Das, Scott L. Townley, Theresa E. Hickey, Gerard A. Tarulli, Isabel Coutinho, Rayzel Fernandes, Adrienne R. Hanson, Iza Denis, Jason S. Carroll, Scott M. Dehm, Ganesh V. Raj, Stephen R. Plymate, Wayne D. Tilley, Luke A. Selth
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Alteration to the expression and activity of androgen receptor (AR) coregulators in prostate cancer is an important mechanism driving disease progression and therapy resistance. Using a novel proteomic technique, we identified a new AR coregulator, the transcription factor Grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2), and demonstrated its essential role in the oncogenic AR signaling axis. GRHL2 colocalized with AR in prostate tumors and was frequently amplified and upregulated in prostate cancer. Importantly, GRHL2 maintained AR expression in multiple prostate cancer model systems, was required for cell proliferation, enhanced AR's transcriptional activity, and colocated with AR at specific sites on chromatin to regulate genes relevant to disease progression. GRHL2 is itself an AR-regulated gene, creating a positive feedback loop between the two factors. The link between GRHL2 and AR also applied to constitutively active truncated AR variants (ARV), as GRHL2 interacted with and regulated ARVs and vice versa. These oncogenic functions of GRHL2 were counterbalanced by its ability to suppress epithelial–mesenchymal transition and cell invasion. Mechanistic evidence suggested that AR assisted GRHL2 in maintaining the epithelial phenotype. In summary, this study has identified a new AR coregulator with a multifaceted role in prostate cancer, functioning as an enhancer of the oncogenic AR signaling pathway but also as a suppressor of metastasis-related phenotypes. Cancer Res; 77(13); 3417–30. ©2017 AACR.
<i>GGPS1</i> Mutation and Atypical Femoral Fractures with Bisphosphonates
Authors: Neus Roca-Ayats, Susana Balcells, Natàlia Garcia-Giralt, Maite Falcó-Mascaró, Núria Martínez-Gil, Josep F Abril, Roser Urreizti, Joaquín Dopazo, José M Quesada-Gómez, Xavier Nogués, Leonardo Mellibovsky, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, James E Dunford, Muhammad K Javaid, R Graham Russell, Daniel Grinberg, Adolfo Díez-Pérez
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

This letter describes the detection of GGPS1 and other mutations in three sisters who had atypical femoral fractures associated with long-term bisphosphonate use, which suggests that genes in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway may confer susceptibility to atypical fractures.