tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association Between Deliberate Self-harm and Violent Criminality
Authors: Hanna Sahlin, Ralf Kuja-Halkola, Johan Bjureberg, Paul Lichtenstein, Yasmina Molero, Mina Rydell, Erik Hedman, Bo Runeson, Jussi Jokinen, Brjánn Ljótsson, Clara Hellner
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2017)

<h3>Importance</h3> Individuals who self-harm may have an increased risk of aggression toward others, but this association has been insufficiently investigated. More conclusive evidence may affect assessment, treatment interventions, and clinical guidelines. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate the association between nonfatal self-harm and violent crime. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This population-based longitudinal cohort study, conducted from January 1, 1997, through December 31, 2013, studied all Swedish citizens born between 1982 and 1998 who were 15 years and older (N = 1 850 252). Individuals who emigrated from Sweden before the age of 15 years (n = 104 051) or immigrated to Sweden after the age of 13 years (ie, &lt;2 years before the beginning of the follow-up; n = 22 009) were excluded. Data analysis was performed from April 21, 2016, to June 4, 2016. <h3>Exposures</h3> Receipt of self-harm–associated clinical care. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Conviction of a violent crime according to the Swedish penal code. <h3>Results</h3> The study cohort consisted of 1 850 525 individuals (950 382 males and 900 143 females), and the mean (SD) follow-up time was 8.1 (4.7) years (range, 0-17.0 years; minimum age, 15 years; maximum age, 32 years). During a mean follow-up period of 8.1 years, 55 185 individuals (3.0%) received clinical care for self-harm. The crude hazard ratio was 4.9 (95% CI, 4.8-5.0) for violent crime conviction in exposed individuals compared with the unexposed group. Women who self-harm were at particularly high risk for expressing violent behaviors. After adjustment for relevant psychiatric comorbidities and socioeconomic status, an almost doubled hazard of violent offense remained (hazard ratio, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.8-1.9). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Self-harm is associated with an increased risk of conviction for a violent offense in both sexes. The risk of violence, as well as the risk of suicide and self-harm, should be assessed among offending and self-harming individuals.
Targeting ABL-IRE1α Signaling Spares ER-Stressed Pancreatic β Cells to Reverse Autoimmune Diabetes
Authors: Shuhei Morita, S. Armando Villalta, Hannah C. Feldman, Ames C. Register, Wendy Rosenthal, Ingeborg T. Hoffmann-Petersen, Morvarid Mehdizadeh, Rajarshi Ghosh, Likun Wang, Kevin Colon-Negron, Rosa Meza-Acevedo, Bradley J. Backes, Dustin J. Maly, Jeffrey A. Bluestone, Feroz R. Papa
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2017)
Erratum: Reply to “Neutrophils are not required for resolution of acute gouty arthritis in mice”
Authors: Christiane Reinwald, Christine Schauer, Janka Zsófia Csepregi, Deborah Kienhöfer, Daniela Weidner, Marie Malissen, Attila Mocsai, Georg Schett, Martin Herrmann, Markus Hoffmann
Journal: Nature Medicine (2017)
Annals Story Slam - My First Marriage Proposal … A Lasting Effect
Authors: Lisa C. Laphan-Morad
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Web Exclusives4 April 2017Annals Story Slam - My First Marriage Proposal … A Lasting EffectFREELisa C. Laphan-Morad, RNLisa C. Laphan-Morad, RNFrom Cooper University Hospital, Camden, New Jersey.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/W17-0037 SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Video. Annals Story Slam - My First Marriage Proposal ... A Lasting Effect "My First Marriage Proposal ... A Lasting Effect," by Lisa C. Laphan-Morad (Duration 7:18)Building on the popular Annals feature “On Being a Doctor,” storytellers share stories about the experience of doctoring on video.For more videos from and information on Annals Story Slam, visit go.annals.org/StorySlam. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Cooper University Hospital, Camden, New Jersey.Current Author Address: Lisa C. Laphan-Morad, RN, Cooper University Hospital; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 4 April 2017Volume 166, Issue 7Page: SS1 ePublished: 4 April 2017 Issue Published: 4 April 2017 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2017 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Recent 5-Year Findings and Technological Advances in the Proteomic Study of HIV-Associated Disorders
Authors: Lijun Zhang, Xiaofang Jia, Jun-O Jin, Hongzhou Lu, Zhimi Tan
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2017)

Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) mainly relies on host factors to complete its life cycle. Hence, it is very important to identify HIV-regulated host proteins. Proteomics is an excellent technique for this purpose because of its high throughput and sensitivity. In this review, we summarized current technological advances in proteomics, including general isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) and stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC), as well as subcellular proteomics and investigation of posttranslational modifications. Furthermore, we reviewed the applications of proteomics in the discovery of HIV-related diseases and HIV infection mechanisms. Proteins identified by proteomic studies might offer new avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection and the related diseases.
SOX17 Regulates Conversion of Human Fibroblasts Into Endothelial Cells and Erythroblasts by Dedifferentiation Into CD34 <sup>+</sup> Progenitor Cells
Authors: Lianghui Zhang, Ankit Jambusaria, Zhigang Hong, Glenn Marsboom, Peter T. Toth, Brittney-Shea Herbert, Asrar B. Malik, Jalees Rehman
Journal: Circulation (2017)

The mechanisms underlying the dedifferentiation and lineage conversion of adult human fibroblasts into functional endothelial cells have not yet been fully defined. Furthermore, it is not known whether fibroblast dedifferentiation recapitulates the generation of multipotent progenitors during embryonic development, which give rise to endothelial and hematopoietic cell lineages. Here we established the role of the developmental transcription factor SOX17 in regulating the bilineage conversion of fibroblasts by the generation of intermediate progenitors.CD34+ progenitors were generated after the dedifferentiation of human adult dermal fibroblasts by overexpression of pluripotency transcription factors. Sorted CD34+ cells were transdifferentiated into induced endothelial cells and induced erythroblasts using lineage-specific growth factors. The therapeutic potential of the generated cells was assessed in an experimental model of myocardial infarction.Induced endothelial cells expressed specific endothelial cell surface markers and also exhibited the capacity for cell proliferation and neovascularization. Induced erythroblasts expressed erythroid surface markers and formed erythroid colonies. Endothelial lineage conversion was dependent on the upregulation of the developmental transcription factor SOX17, whereas suppression of SOX17 instead directed the cells toward an erythroid fate. Implantation of these human bipotential CD34+ progenitors into nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD-SCID) mice resulted in the formation of microvessels derived from human fibroblasts perfused with mouse and human erythrocytes. Endothelial cells generated from human fibroblasts also showed upregulation of telomerase. Cell implantation markedly improved vascularity and cardiac function after myocardial infarction without any evidence of teratoma formation.Dedifferentiation of fibroblasts to intermediate CD34+ progenitors gives rise to endothelial cells and erythroblasts in a SOX17-dependent manner. These findings identify the intermediate CD34+ progenitor state as a critical bifurcation point, which can be tuned to generate functional blood vessels or erythrocytes and salvage ischemic tissue.
Clinical and Genetic Spectrum of Bartter Syndrome Type 3
Authors: Elsa Seys, Olga Andrini, Mathilde Keck, Lamisse Mansour-Hendili, Pierre-Yves Courand, Christophe Simian, Georges Deschenes, Theresa Kwon, Aurélia Bertholet-Thomas, Guillaume Bobrie, Jean Sébastien Borde, Guylhène Bourdat-Michel, Stéphane Decramer, Mathilde Cailliez, Pauline Krug, Paul Cozette, Jean Daniel Delbet, Laurence Dubourg, Dominique Chaveau, Marc Fila, Noémie Jourde-Chiche, Bertrand Knebelmann, Marie-Pierre Lavocat, Sandrine Lemoine, Djamal Djeddi, Brigitte Llanas, Ferielle Louillet, Elodie Merieau, Maria Mileva, Luisa Mota-Vieira, Christiane Mousson, François Nobili, Robert Novo, Gwenaëlle Roussey-Kesler, Isabelle Vrillon, Stephen B. Walsh, Jacques Teulon, Anne Blanchard, Rosa Vargas-Poussou
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2017)

Bartter syndrome type 3 is a clinically heterogeneous hereditary salt-losing tubulopathy caused by mutations of the chloride voltage-gated channel Kb gene (CLCNKB), which encodes the ClC-Kb chloride channel involved in NaCl reabsorption in the renal tubule. To study phenotype/genotype correlations, we performed genetic analyses by direct sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and retrospectively analyzed medical charts for 115 patients with CLCNKB mutations. Functional analyses were performed in Xenopus laevis oocytes for eight missense and two nonsense mutations. We detected 60 mutations, including 27 previously unreported mutations. Among patients, 29.5% had a phenotype of ante/neonatal Bartter syndrome (polyhydramnios or diagnosis in the first month of life), 44.5% had classic Bartter syndrome (diagnosis during childhood, hypercalciuria, and/or polyuria), and 26.0% had Gitelman-like syndrome (fortuitous discovery of hypokalemia with hypomagnesemia and/or hypocalciuria in childhood or adulthood). Nine of the ten mutations expressed in vitro decreased or abolished chloride conductance. Severe (large deletions, frameshift, nonsense, and essential splicing) and missense mutations resulting in poor residual conductance were associated with younger age at diagnosis. Electrolyte supplements and indomethacin were used frequently to induce catch-up growth, with few adverse effects. After a median follow-up of 8 (range, 1-41) years in 77 patients, chronic renal failure was detected in 19 patients (25%): one required hemodialysis and four underwent renal transplant. In summary, we report a genotype/phenotype correlation for Bartter syndrome type 3: complete loss-of-function mutations associated with younger age at diagnosis, and CKD was observed in all phenotypes.
Molecular and clinical parameters which determine the docetaxel response in metastatic breast cancer
Authors: B. Savas, H. Bozcuk, M. Özdo, F. Karaveli, E. Pe, M. Artaç, A. Aykut, M. Samur
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

9732 Background: Docetaxel is one of the main drugs against breast cancer. Our purpose was to determine the relationship between clinical and molecular parameters with docetaxel response. Methods: Retrospective study was performed on 20 MBC patients. We performed immunochemistry on pathological specimens for P-glycoprotein (P-gp), glutathion S transferase-pi (GST), multidrug resistance protein-1 (MRP1), MRP3, HER2, estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR). Age, Karnofsky performance status (KPS), grade, prior chemotherapy were also examined. Results: 7 patients (% 35) demonstrated partial response, 9 patients (% 45) stayed in stable state and 4 patients (% 20) progressed despite the therapy. There was no statistically significant difference between docetaxel response and all the examined clinical and molecular parameters. The median progression free survival (PFS) of 20 MBC patients after docetaxel chemotherapy was 218±56 days (% 95 confidence interval 109 -328). There was no statistically significant difference between PFS and KPS, histological grade, P-gp, GST, MRP1, MRP3, c-erb-B2, ER, PR expression. PFS was longer in older patients ( P= 0.035). In addition there was trend for longer PFS in patients with negative P-gp expression (P=0.06). In fact, this drug has been demonstrated to be effluxed by P-gp pump before. Previous observations that tumors of the younger breast cancer patients are more aggresive than older counterperts might explain our first finding. In our study the increased c-erb-B2 expression in younger patients compared to older ones also support this notion. Conclusions : PFS with docetaxel was longer in older patients. In addition, patients with P-gp negative tumors, demonstrated a trend toward longer survival with docetaxel. Docetaxel chemotherapy may be considered as an effective treatment option for older patients and patients with P-gp negative MBC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A phase II study of capecitabine (X) in elderly patients (p) as 1st line treatment for patients (pts) with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC)
Authors: J. Feliú, P. Escudero, F. Losa, M. Bolaños, J. M. Vicent, A. Yubero, J. Sanz-Lacalle, R. López, J. Dorta, M. González-Barón
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3567 Background: X has superior efficacy and improved safety compared to bolus 5-FU/LV in 1st line MCRC and preserves its safety advantage in pts >65 in the adjuvant setting. We investigated its use in an elderly pt population. Methods: Objectives were to determine efficacy and safety of twice daily oral X as 1st line therapy in elderly pts with histologically confirmed MCRC. Pts were not candidates for combination therapy, aged >70 years with no prior chemotherapy (except adjuvant), measurable disease (RECIST), ECOG PS ≤2 and adequate bone marrow, renal and hepatic function. They received X 1250 mg/m2 twice daily D1–14 every 3 weeks (1000 mg/m2 for moderate renal impairment). Results: 51 pts were enrolled (M/F 31/20), median age 75 (71–90), ECOG PS 0–1 86%, PS 2 14%. No comorbidity in 82%, 78% mild dependence on help (Barthel Index) and most (M/F 61%/44%) were autonomous (Lawton Index). Tumor sites were colon (n=26), rectum (n=24) or both (n=1). Median number of metastatic sites was 1 (1 site 59%, ≥ 2 sites 35%): 67% in liver and 33% lung. Previous treatment included surgery (75%), chemotherapy (24%) and radiotherapy (16%). A total of 254 cycles (median 5, range 1–8) were administered with a median relative dose intensity of 89%. All pts were evaluated for toxicity. No grade 3/4 toxicity exceeded 6% pts: thrombocytopenia 4%, neutropenia 2%, diarrhea and hand-foot syndrome 6%, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, liver, renal, cardiac, anorexia and abdominal pain all 2% pts. There was no significant difference in grade 3/4 toxicities between the overall population and those >80 years old. Intent-to-treat efficacy analysis: 2 pts achieved CR, 12 PR, 19 SD, 10 PD and 8 NE: response rate 27% (95% CI 14–40). Median TTP and OS were 8 (95% CI 5–11) and 11 (95% CI 9–13) months, respectively. Conclusions: This trial confirms that published data of 1st line X in the MCRC general population also apply to elderly pts. X is an effective and well tolerated 1st line treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The relation of androgen receptors status, neuroendocrine differentiation and angiogenesis to biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer
Authors: K. Revelos, C. D. Petraki, M. M. Vaslamatzis, P. Papanastassiou, C. Mastoris, C. Magkou, T. Argyrakos, N. Alevizopoulos, E. Vrionis, M. Koutsilieris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

4691 Background: The prognostic value of androgen receptors (AR) status, the chromogranin (Chr) immunohistochemical (IHC) assessment of neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) & the CD34 IHC assessment of microvessel density (MVD) in surgically treated patients with localized prostate cancer (PC). Methods: We performed retrospective analysis of clinical data evaluating surgical specimens of 130 patients, consecutively treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) for clinically localized PC between 01/1994 & 12/2001. The median follow-up period, available for 94 patients, was 28 (1–97) months. Two consecutive measurements of serum PSA levels >0.2 ng/ml determined time-to-biochemical failure (BF) after the RP. The IHC method of streptavidin biotin peroxidase on paraffin tissue sections was used to detect the expression of AR, Chr & CD34. Results: A statistically significant (ss) inverse correlation was observed between AR status & (i) seminal vesicles invasion (SVI) [P=0.016] & (ii) surgical margins infiltration (SMI) [P=0.021]. A ss positive correlation was detected between NED & (i) Gleason score (GS) [P=0.003], (ii) periprostatic tissue infiltration (PTI) [P=0.000], (iii) SVI [P=0.000], (iv) SMI [P=0.048] & (v) tumor volume (TV) [P=0.000]. A ss positive correlation was observed between MVD & (i) GS [P=0.021], (ii) PTI [P=0.005], (iii) SVI [P=0.012], (iv) pelvic lymph nodes metastasis [PLNM] [P=0.004] & (v) TV [P=0.003]. No ss correlation was found between the studied markers & preoperative serum PSA, the presence of PIN, & prostate weight. BF was observed in 35/94 (37%) patients. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that high NED & MVD, as well as the synchronous presence of increased NED & MVD were ss predictors of BF (P=0.0003, P=0.0000 & P=0.0003 respectively). GS, PTI, SVI & PLNM were ss predictors for BF as well (P=0.0400, P=0.0012, P=0.0003 & P=0.0038 respectively). However, in the multivariate analysis (Cox Regression) MVD was the only independent prognostic factor for BF. Conclusions: High MVD index may suggest high risk for BF in localized PC after RP. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Human milk oligosaccharide composition predicts risk of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants
Authors: Chloe A Autran, Benjamin P Kellman, Jae H Kim, Elizabeth Asztalos, Arlin B Blood, Erin C Hamilton Spence, Aloka L Patel, Jiayi Hou, Nathan E Lewis, Lars Bode
Journal: Gut (2017)

Objective Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants. Markers to identify at-risk infants as well as therapies to prevent and treat NEC are limited and urgently needed. NEC incidence is significantly lower in breast-fed compared with formula-fed infants. Infant formula lacks human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), which prevents NEC in neonatal rats. However, it is unknown if DSLNT also protects human preterm infants. Design We conducted a multicentre clinical cohort study and recruited 200 mothers and their very low birthweight infants that were predominantly human milk-fed. We analysed HMO composition in breast milk fed to infants over the first 28 days post partum, matched each NEC case with five controls and used logistic regression and generalised estimating equation to test the hypothesis that infants who develop NEC receive milk with less DSLNT than infants who do not develop NEC. Results Eight infants in the cohort developed NEC (Bell stage 2 or 3). DSLNT concentrations were significantly lower in almost all milk samples in NEC cases compared with controls, and its abundance could identify NEC cases prior to onset. Aggregate assessment of DSLNT over multiple days enhanced the separation of NEC cases and control subjects. Conclusions DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk. In addition, DSLNT could serve as a natural template to develop novel therapeutics against this devastating disorder.
Validity of the Berlin questionnaire in detecting obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chamara V. Senaratna, Jennifer L. Perret, Melanie C. Matheson, Caroline J. Lodge, Adrian J. Lowe, Raisa Cassim, Melissa A. Russell, John A. Burgess, Garun S. Hamilton, Shyamali C. Dharmage
Journal: Sleep Medicine Reviews (2017)
A phase II study of temozolomide in the treatment of adult patients with supratentorial low-grade glioma.
Authors: Michael Traut Wahl, Jonathan Aicardi, Daphne A. Haas-Kogan, Nicholas A. Butowski, Jennifer Leigh Clarke, Michael Prados, Joanna J Phillips, Mitchel S. Berger, Susan Marina Chang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

2022 Background: Optimal adjuvant management of low-grade gliomas (LGGs) remains controversial. Radiotherapy has been shown to improve progression-free survival compared to observation, but carries the potential for substantial late toxicity. In an effort to delay or obviate the need for radiation, there has been increasing interest in the use of adjuvant chemotherapy in LGGs. However, there is a dearth of prospective studies with long-term follow-up evaluating the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy without radiation in patients with newly diagnosed LGGs. Methods: Patients over the age of 18 with histologically proven supratentorial LGG (WHO grade II) who underwent subtotal resection or biopsy were eligible for enrollment. Daily temozolomide (TMZ) was administered at 200 mg/m2 for 5 days, and repeated every 28 days for up to 12 cycles or until disease progression. Patients were assessed for radiographic response and progression with MRIs every two months during and after treatment. The primary outcome was objective radiographic response rate; secondary outcomes included progression-free and overall survival. Results: 120 patients were enrolled in the trial (57 oligodendrogliomas, 20 oligoastrocytomas, 43 astrocytomas), with a median follow-up of 6.9 years. Objective responses were seen in 7 patients (6%), and 86% demonstrated stable or improved disease during treatment with TMZ. Median progression-free survival was 4.2 years, and median overall survival was 9.7 years. Univariate analysis demonstrated oligodendroglioma histology (p = 0.02), subtotal resection (p = 0.009) and lack of tumor crossing midline (p < 0.001) were associated with improved overall survival. Treatment was well tolerated with minimal toxicity. Conclusions: In this high-risk cohort of newly diagnosed LGGs undergoing subtotal resection or biopsy, adjuvant TMZ alone achieved progression-free survival comparable to that seen in similar cohorts treated with adjuvant radiation. TMZ was very well tolerated, and could be considered as adjuvant therapy in appropriately selected patients. Work is ongoing to determine the demographic, pathologic and molecular characteristics of patients who are optimal candidates for adjuvant TMZ. Clinical trial information: NCT00313729.