tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The hepatic pre-metastatic niche in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Demi S. Houg, Maarten F. Bijlsma
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2018)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most aggressive malignancies to date, largely because it is associated with high metastatic risk. Pancreatic tumors have a characteristic tendency to metastasize preferentially to the liver. Over the past two decades, it has become evident that the otherwise hostile milieu of the liver is selectively preconditioned at an early stage to render it more conducive to the engraftment and growth of disseminated cancer cells, a concept defined as pre-metastatic niche (PMN) formation. Pancreatic cancer cells exploit components of the tumor microenvironment to facilitate their migration out of the primary tumor, which often involves conversion of pancreatic cancer cells from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype via the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Pancreatic stellate cells and matrix stiffness have been put forward as major drivers of invasiveness in PDAC. Even before the onset of pancreatic cancer cell dissemination, soluble factors and extracellular vesicles secreted by the primary tumor, and possibly even premalignant lesions, help shape a supportive niche in the liver by providing vascular docking sites for circulating tumor cells, enhancing vascular permeability, remodeling the extracellular matrix and recruiting immunosuppressive inflammatory cells. Emerging evidence suggests that some of these tumor-derived factors may represent powerful diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers. Though our understanding of the mechanisms driving PMN formation in PDAC has expanded considerably, many outstanding questions and challenges remain. Further studies dissecting the molecular and cellular events involved in hepatic PMN formation in PDAC will likely improve diagnosis and open new avenues from a therapeutic standpoint.
Abstract 18809: Development of an Electronic Health Record-Based Algorithm for Smoking Status Using the Million Veteran Program (MVP) Cohort Survey Response
Authors: Rebecca J Song, Yuk-Lam Ho, Xuan-Mai T Nguyen, Jacqueline Honerlaw, Rachel Quaden, J. Michael Gaziano, John Concato, Kelly Cho, David R Gagnon
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is the largest integrated health care system with over 16 years of electronic health record (EHR) data for more than 12 million veterans. One ...
AB0398 Investigation of preoperative intranasal colonisation in orthopaedic surgery for patient with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: S. Tsuji, J. Hashimoto, T. Noguchi, S. Akita, K. Yachi, M. Saito, S. Ohshima, Y. Saeki
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) is listed as the major SSI causative organism in the field of orthopaedic surgery, but detailed report on the presence or absence of methicillin-resistant CoNS of intranasal colonisation is not found. <h3>Methods</h3> In 13 months from July 2016 to the end of July 2017, 1000 cases of consecutive cases in which nasal cavity culture was performed within one month prior to hospitalisation for patients scheduled for our orthopaedic surgery. 223 men, 777 women, average age 66.4 years old, 197 cases of RA patients, 803 cases except RA patients. The method of intranasal culture is as follows. After culturing for 18 hours at 35 ° C using blood agar medium (daily water) and CHROMager MRSA selective medium (Kanto Kagaku), identification of bacterial species of the genus Staphylococcus grown and cultivation of drug susceptibility tests It was carried out by BD Phoenix according to the method of the Association (CLSI). <h3>Results</h3> The results of intranasal culture showed that S. aureus, S. epidermidis, CoNS (excluding S. Epidermidis) and culture negative were 18.2%, 27.8%, 7.8%, and 23.9%, respectively. MRSA, MRSE and MRCoNS (excluding MRSE) with methicillin resistance were 3.2%, 22.1% and 1.7%, respectively, and 27.0% of methicillin resistant bacteria were found to exist. Especially in patients with RA, the methicillin-resistant bacterial colonisation rate was significantly higher (p&lt;0.05) than 38.6% compared with 24.2% other than RA patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus was found to be 27.0% intranasal colonisation of patients in orthopaedic surgery. Especially in RA patient, it was high rate of 38.6%. In the future, we need to consider the selection of perioperative preventive antibacterial drugs. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Problematic End Points in a Trial of Topical Fluorouracil, 5%, for Chemoprevention of Keratinocyte Carcinoma
Authors: Kenneth A. Katz
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
SAT0675 Soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 is overexpressed in patients with vasculitis, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: W. Laaraj, M.F. Seidel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Markers in rheumatology are in great demand in order to objectively diagnose the presence and activity of disease. CRP or ESR frequently are normal in many conditions. Vascular cell adhesion molecules mediate transendothelial migration. Several soluble isoforms can be measured in serum as maker for endothelial activation, for example in synovitis or vasculitis. We have recently shown that soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) is elevated in patients with positive antinuclear antibodies.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> The objective of this study was to analyse sVCAM-1 in a set of several rheumatic diseases and compare them to age- and gender-matched healthy controls. <h3>Methods</h3> Cross sectional study with 223 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and different vasculitides. Patients were treated with routine immunosuppressive agents, where indicated. CRP (mean mg/l±SD, normal &lt;5), ESR (mean mm/h±SD), standard clinical disease activity scores (mean ±SD) and sVCAM-1 (ng/ml±SEM) in serum, determined by ELISA, was analysed. <h3>Results</h3> Patients with RA (n=136) had a DAS28 of 2.54±0.83, a close to normal CRP of 6.43±10.52, ESR of 16.9±12.6 and sVCAM-1 levels of 225.40±20.35 vs. 158.90±7.32 (p=0.0025). Patients with vasculitis (n=20) had a mean BVAS of 24.85±10.68, CRP was 5.86±7.77 mg/dl, ESR 14.5±11.5 and sVCAM-1 levels were also significantly different as compared to HC with 358.20±68.91 vs. 122.60±14.62 (p=0.0013). Patients with AS (n=33) had a mean BASDAI of 4.16±2.40, a CRP of 4.06±4.67, ESR 12.0±8.8 and had sVCAM-1 levels of 291.30±51.91 vs. 144.60±34.01 (p=0.021). Patients with PsA (n=34) did not show significant changes. <h3>Conclusions</h3> sVCAM-1 might be an objective disease marker in patients with RA, vasculitis and AS. It might be more reliable than standard CRP, especially in vasculitis. Prospective studies are needed to determine if sVCAM-1 is a predictive marker of disease activity and perhaps specific for biologic treatment regimens. <h3>Reference</h3> [1] Oleszowsky M, Seidel MF. Serum soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 overexpression is a disease marker in patients with first-time diagnosed antinuclear antibodies. BioMed Research International2018. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Maternal and infant outcomes associated with lithium use in pregnancy: an international collaborative meta-analysis of six cohort studies
Authors: Trine Munk-Olsen, Xiaoqin Liu, Alexander Viktorin, Hilary K Brown, Arianna Di Florio, Brian M D'Onofrio, Tara Gomes, Louise M Howard, Hind Khalifeh, Holly Krohn, Henrik Larsson, Paul Lichtenstein, Clare L Taylor, Inge Van Kamp, Richard Wesseloo, Samantha Meltzer-Brody, Simone N Vigod, Veerle Bergink
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2018)
Association of Cesarean Delivery With Body Mass Index <i>z</i> Score at Age 5 Years
Authors: Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, Matthew W. Gillman, Summer Sherburne Hawkins, Emily Oken, Elsie M. Taveras, Ken P. Kleinman
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

This study describes a within-family study of more than 16 000 siblings to investigate the potential link between cesarean delivery and childhood obesity.
In Search of an Oncogene Driver for Squamous Lung Cancer
Authors: David R. Gandara, Jonathan W. Riess, Primo N. Lara
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
AB0274 Association of serum pentosidine levels with intima media thickness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: M. Kerkeni, I. knani, O. Ben Omrane Sioud, H. Bouzidi, S. Zrour, S. Hammami, M. hammami
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed by a nonenzymatic glycation process. Previously, we showed that pentosidine, as AGEs, was related to the severity of coronary artery disease (Kerkeni et al. 2014). Recently, we showed that AGEs are involved with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (Knani et al. 2017, 2018). No study about the relationship between serum pentosidine levels and intima media thickness (IMT) was evaluated. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aim to study the association of serum pentosidine levels with IMT in RA patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Our study included 30 control subjects and 40 patients with RA. The carotid IMT was measured using ultrasonography and serum pentosidine levels were determined by ELISA kit. <h3>Results</h3> Serum pentosidine levels were increased in RA patients vs control subjects (p&lt;0.001) and were increased with disease activity score (DAS28) (p&lt;0.001). IMT was increased with disease activity in RA patients (p&lt;0.01) and was positively associated with serum pentosidine levels (p&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Serum pentosidine levels were increased with DAS28 and were associated with carotid IMT. <h3>References</h3> [1] Kerkeni M, Weiss IS, Jaisson S, et al. Increased serum concentrations of pentosidine are related to presence and severity of coronary artery disease. Thromb Res. 2014; 134:633–8. [2] Knani I, Bouzidi H, Zrour S, Bergaoui N, Hammami M, Kerkeni M. Increased serum concentrations of Nɛ-carboxymethyllysine are related to the presence and the severity of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Clin Biochem2017(In Press). [3] Knani I, Bouzidi H, Zrour S, Bergaoui N, Hammami M, Kerkeni M. Methylglyoxal, a relevant marker of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Dis. Markers2018 (In Press). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Dynamic neural activity as chaotic itinerancy or heteroclinic cycles?
Authors: Donald L. Rowe
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

I question whether chaotic itinerancy is anything new or different to existing research on heteroclinic cycles (cycling-chaos), and blow-out bifurcations (attractor-bubbling) that provide more detailed and better definition for nonlinear phenomena occurring in neural systems. I give a brief description of this research for comparison and expansion, and see it as an important component in dynamical models of neural activity.
The Urgent Need for Optimal Monitoring of Metabolic Adverse Effects in Children and Youngsters Who Take On-label or Off-label Antipsychotic Medication
Authors: Marc De Hert, Johan Detraux
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Severity scoring of lung oedema on the chest radiograph is associated with clinical outcomes in ARDS
Authors: Melissa A Warren, Zhiguou Zhao, Tatsuki Koyama, Julie A Bastarache, Ciara M Shaver, Matthew W Semler, Todd W Rice, Michael A Matthay, Carolyn S Calfee, Lorraine B Ware
Journal: Thorax (2018)

Background There is no accurate, non-invasive measurement to estimate the degree of pulmonary oedema in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We developed the Radiographic Assessment of Lung Oedema (RALE) score to evaluate the extent and density of alveolar opacities on chest radiographs. After first comparing the RALE score to gravimetric assessment of pulmonary oedema in organ donors, we then evaluated the RALE score in patients with ARDS for its relationship to oxygenation and clinical outcomes. Methods We compared radiographs with excised lung weights from 72 organ donors (derivation cohort) and radiographs with clinical data from 174 patients with ARDS in the ARDSNet Fluid and Catheter Treatment Trial (validation cohort). To calculate RALE, each radiographic quadrant was scored for extent of consolidation (0–4) and density of opacification (1–3). The product of the consolidation and density scores for each of the four quadrants was summed (maximum score=48). Results Agreement between two independent reviewers for RALE score was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.93, 95% CI 0.91 to 0.95). In donors, pre-procurement RALE score correlated with height-adjusted total lung weight (ρ=0.59, p&lt;0.001). In patients with ARDS, higher RALE scores were independently associated with lower PaO 2 /fractional inspired oxygen and worse survival. Conservative fluid management significantly decreased RALE score over 3 days compared with liberal fluid management. Conclusions The RALE score can be used to assess both the extent of pulmonary oedema and the severity of ARDS, by utilising information that is already obtained routinely, safely and inexpensively in every patient with ARDS. This novel non-invasive measure should be useful for assessing ARDS severity and monitoring response to therapy.
NHS leaders pledge to cut delayed discharges by 25%
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2018)

NHS leaders have set the service an ambitious target to reduce long hospital stays by 25% as they strive to avoid a repeat of the “perfect storm” that gripped the NHS last winter.

The joint announcement by NHS England and NHS Improvement was made at the NHS Confederation conference in Manchester on 13 June.

Simon Stevens, NHS England chief executive, said that hospitals and local councils had made progress in tackling delays in patients being discharged over the past year, but he warned that more action was needed.

“We’ve still got real problems with the way …
Preinfusion polyfunctional anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells are associated with clinical outcomes in NHL
Authors: John Rossi, Patrick Paczkowski, Yueh-Wei Shen, Kevin Morse, Brianna Flynn, Alaina Kaiser, Colin Ng, Kyle Gallatin, Tom Cain, Rong Fan, Sean Mackay, James R. Heath, Steven A. Rosenberg, James N. Kochenderfer, Jing Zhou, Adrian Bot
Journal: Blood (2018)
Creating a synthetic control arm from previous clinical trials: Application to establishing early end points as indicators of overall survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
Authors: Donald A. Berry, Michael Elashoff, Steven Blotner, Ruthie Davi, Philip Beineke, Mark Chandler, David S. Lee, Lin Chi Chen, Somnath Sarkar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

7021 Background: Clinical trials of experimental drugs require controls. Concurrently randomized controls are the gold standard for judging drug effect. Historical controls are not ideal but are much more efficient and economical. Historical controls derived from a single clinical trial have the biases of that trial. Using many trials with comparable end points and eligibility minimizes such bias. Medidata’s archive contains &gt;3000 trials with clinical data rights for deidentified aggregated analyses. We used this resource to develop a synthetic control arm (SCA) for a particular phase I/II single-arm trial in AML. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by addressing a different but equally important issue: establishing early end points as predictors of long term clinical outcomes. Methods: We built an SCA from 7 relapsed/refractory AML trials completed in last 5 yrs. They had similar eligibility criteria as a particular phase I/II trial for an investigational agent. We selected subjects for the SCA who had baseline covariates matching the subjects in the tri.al. Data cleaning and standardization ensured consistency of data fields. The primary outcomes were CR (complete remission) and CRi (CR without hematologic recovery) at 56 days, and overall survival (OS) subsequent to 56 days. Non-CR/non-CRi deaths before 56 days were set to OS=0. We used a landmark analysis to correlate CR and CRi with OS, calculating the hazard ratio (HR) of OS of CR and CRi vs its comparison group. Results: The SCA included 340 subjects (median age 63 yrs, 55% male, 77% White Non-Hispanic, 28% ECOG 0). Results are in this table. Conclusions: The Medidata trial archive is a resource for creating SCAs. The example SCA we created identified well-defined subjects for whom a CR or CRi is associated with longer OS. Investigations of SCAs for other drugs could aid in addressing the types of subjects and drug categories for which CR or CR/CRi predict longer OS. Such information can help build more efficient and more informative adaptive clinical trials. [Table: see text]
Abstract MP39: A Multi-component Intervention Increased Physical Activity in Preschool Children
Authors: Russell R Pate, William H Brown, Ruth Saunders, Karin A Pfeiffer, Marsha Dowda
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: A majority of preschool-age children spend a significant portion of every weekday in a preschool or child care setting. Studies have shown that children in these settings spend a majority of their time in sedentary behavior and very little time in physical activity. Hypothesis: A multi-component preschool physical activity intervention will increase the amount of time young children spend in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and decrease the time they spend in sedentary activities, compared to children in control preschools. Methods: The study included 16 preschools with 4-year-old classrooms, paired and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention focused on increasing children’s physical activity by changing instructional practices and the classroom environment. Research staff trained preschool teachers to engage children in physical activity throughout the school day and provided physical activity materials, ongoing support and technical assistance. Intervention components included physical activity opportunities in the classroom, physical activity outdoors, and active lessons. The intervention was designed to be flexible, and research staff encouraged teachers to adapt it to their classroom environment. Four-year-old children and their parents were recruited in two waves at each school. Measures included child height and weight, child physical activity by accelerometry, and parent questionnaires, measured during the fall and spring of each wave. Mixed model analysis of covariance with preschool as a random variable tested the effects of the intervention on physical activity in the total group and by sex. Results: A total of 379 children (188 intervention and 191 control) were measured at baseline. Children were 4.5±0.4 years of age, and 50% were boys. The intervention schools included a higher percentage of white children compared to the control schools (44.2% versus 39.3%). After adjusting for wave, parent education and length of the school day (half day vs. full day), children in the intervention schools engaged in significantly more MVPA than children in the control schools (7.4±0.2 and 6.7±0.2 minutes/hour, respectively). In the sex-specific analyses, differences between intervention and control were significant for girls (6.9±02 vs. 6.1±0.2 minutes/hour of MVPA, respectively) but not for boys (7.8±03 vs. 7.3±0.3 minutes/hour, respectively). No differences in time spent in sedentary behavior were observed between intervention and control preschools. Conclusions: In conclusion, a flexible, multi-component physical activity intervention that trains teachers to provide children with opportunities to be active throughout the school day increased MVPA in preschool children.
Guideline: In adults with opioid use disorders, a stepped treatment approach is recommended
Authors: Mat Rose
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Source Citation Bruneau J, Ahamad K, Goyer ME, et al; CIHR Canadian Research Initiative in Substance Misuse. Management of opioid use disorders: a national clinical practice guideline. CMAJ. 2018;190:E247-57. 29507156
Lipoprotein Apheresis Acutely Reverses Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients With Severe Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Melinda D. Wu, Federico Moccetti, Eran Brown, Brian P. Davidson, Tamara Atkinson, J. Todd Belcik, George Giraud, P. Barton Duell, Sergio Fazio, Hagai Tavori, Sotirios Tsimikas, Jonathan R. Lindner
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2018)