tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The limited utility of the double-blind food challenge in diagnosing non-IgE mediated cow’s milk allergy in infants
Authors: Kathleen G. Wallace, Yamini V. Virkud, Sarita U. Patil, Joseph B. Leader, Caroline Southwick, Aubrey J. Katz, Wayne G. Shreffler, Navneet K. Virk Hundal
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Superior Biochemical Recurrence and Long-term Quality-of-life Outcomes Are Achievable with Robotic Radical Prostatectomy After a Long Learning Curve—Updated Analysis of a Prospective Single-surgeon Cohort of 2206 Consecutive Cases
Authors: James E. Thompson, Sam Egger, Maret Böhm, Amila R. Siriwardana, Anne-Maree Haynes, Jayne Matthews, Matthijs J. Scheltema, Phillip D. Stricker
Journal: European Urology (2017)
Trabalhos do FiRe – o Grupo Finlandês de Estudo da Resistência aos Antibióticos (FiRe)
Authors: A Nissinen, P Huovinen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2000)

O Grupo Finlandes de Estudo da Resistencia aos Antibioticos (FiRe), uma rede formada em 1991, estabeleceu um metodo de teste de sensibilidade aos antibioticos, normalizado e de rotina, que produz resultados fiaveis e comparaveis para fins diagnosticos e epidemiologicos. Os resultados obtidos pelo FiRe demonstram que a proporcao de Streptococcus pneumoniae com resistencia aos macrolidos esta a aumentar, e que se esta a observar uma diminuicao da sensibilidade as fluoroquinolonas nos isolamentos de salmonela com origem no estrangeiro, permanecendo, no entanto, baixa a prevalencia de MRSA na Finlândia, sendo rara a Mycobacterium tuberculosis multirresistente.
Brentuximab vedotin plus bendamustine in relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma: an international, multicentre, single-arm, phase 1–2 trial
Authors: Owen A O'Connor, Jennifer K Lue, Ahmed Sawas, Jennifer E Amengual, Changchun Deng, Matko Kalac, Lorenzo Falchi, Enrica Marchi, Ithamar Turenne, Renee Lichtenstein, Celeste Rojas, Mark Francescone, Lawrence Schwartz, Bin Cheng, Kerry J Savage, Diego Villa, Michael Crump, Anca Prica, Vishal Kukreti, Serge Cremers, Joseph M Connors, John Kuruvilla
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2017)
Artificial intelligence may help in predicting the need for additional surgery after endoscopic resection of T1 colorectal cancer
Authors: Katsuro Ichimasa, Shin-ei Kudo, Yuichi Mori, Masashi Misawa, Shingo Matsudaira, Yuta Kouyama, Toshiyuki Baba, Eiji Hidaka, Kunihiko Wakamura, Takemasa Hayashi, Toyoki Kudo, Tomoyuki Ishigaki, Yusuke Yagawa, Hiroki Nakamura, Kenichi Takeda, Amyn Haji, Shigeharu Hamatani, Kensaku Mori, Fumio Ishida, Hideyuki Miyachi
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Abstract Background and study aims Decisions concerning additional surgery after endoscopic resection of T1 colorectal cancer (CRC) are difficult because preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is problematic. We investigated whether artificial intelligence can predict LNM presence, thus minimizing the need for additional surgery. Patients and methods Data on 690 consecutive patients with T1 CRCs that were surgically resected in 2001 – 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. We divided patients into two groups according to date: data from 590 patients were used for machine learning for the artificial intelligence model, and the remaining 100 patients were included for model validation. The artificial intelligence model analyzed 45 clinicopathological factors and then predicted positivity or negativity for LNM. Operative specimens were used as the gold standard for the presence of LNM. The artificial intelligence model was validated by calculating the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for predicting LNM, and comparing these data with those of the American, European, and Japanese guidelines. Results Sensitivity was 100 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 72 % to 100 %) in all models. Specificity of the artificial intelligence model and the American, European, and Japanese guidelines was 66 % (95 %CI 56 % to 76 %), 44 % (95 %CI 34 % to 55 %), 0 % (95 %CI 0 % to 3 %), and 0 % (95 %CI 0 % to 3 %), respectively; and accuracy was 69 % (95 %CI 59 % to 78 %), 49 % (95 %CI 39 % to 59 %), 9 % (95 %CI 4 % to 16 %), and 9 % (95 %CI 4 % – 16 %), respectively. The rates of unnecessary additional surgery attributable to misdiagnosing LNM-negative patients as having LNM were: 77 % (95 %CI 62 % to 89 %) for the artificial intelligence model, and 85 % (95 %CI 73 % to 93 %; P &lt; 0.001), 91 % (95 %CI 84 % to 96 %; P &lt; 0.001), and 91 % (95 %CI 84 % to 96 %; P &lt; 0.001) for the American, European, and Japanese guidelines, respectively. Conclusions Compared with current guidelines, artificial intelligence significantly reduced unnecessary additional surgery after endoscopic resection of T1 CRC without missing LNM positivity.
Abstract 17151: Very Low Serum Cholesterol Efflux Capacity is a Positive Predictor of Cardiovascular Risk, Independent of HDL-Cholesterol, Apolipoprotein A-I and HDL Particle Concentrations in the Montreal Heart Institute Biobank Cohort
Authors: David Rhainds, Mariève Cossette, Cecile Low-Kam, Marie Boulé, Sonia Alem, John F Robinson, Robert A Hegele, Marie-Pierre Dubé, Guillaume Lettre, Jean-Claude Tardif
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are inversely associated with cardiovascular (CV) diseases. However, CV protection may derive from other characteristics of HDL, such as the cholesterol efflux capacity of serum HDL, the process by which HDL particles accept cholesterol from macrophages and other cell types. Cholesterol efflux capacity is inversely associated with CV risk and incident CV events. Our aim was to estimate CV risk in subjects with very low cholesterol efflux capacity and its relationship with HDL-related measures. To this end, cholesterol efflux capacity was measured with J774 macrophages in the basal state and after cAMP-stimulation and expressed as the ratio of control serum, for 1000 cases with previous myocardial infarction (MI) and 1000 healthy controls from the Montreal Heart Institute Biobank. Subjects with extreme efflux capacity were categorized as  th  percentile or >90 th  percentile for each efflux variable. HDL particle concentration (HDL-P) was obtained from the NMR Lipoprofile, while the plasma LCAT and MPO concentrations were obtained by ELISA. Unadjusted odds ratios (OR) for MI were highly significant for efflux capacity  th  percentile with J774 cells in basal (OR=4.58, p th  percentile was unaffected by individually adjusting for HDL-C (OR=4.86, p=0.0001), apoA-I (OR=3.76, p=0.0011), HDL-P (OR=3.23, p=0.0033), LCAT mass (OR=4.17, p th  percentile with the J774 macrophage model have greatly increased CV risk, which is independent of both HDL mass and concentration and which reflects HDL dysfunction.
Phase 1 open-label, multiple ascending dose trial of AGEN1884, an anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody, in advanced solid malignancies.
Authors: Breelyn A. Wilky, Priya Kumthekar, Robert Wesolowski, Jimmy J. Hwang, Jeffrey J. Raizer, Carleen Gentry, Ainsley Ross, Elise Drouin, Nicholas Wilson, Olga Shebanova, John M. Goldberg, Jennifer Buell, Robert Benjamin Stein, Jean-Marie Cuillerot
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

3075 Background: AGEN1884 is a fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory protein cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). CTLA-4 blockade has been shown to augment T cell activation and proliferation, resulting in immune infiltration of the tumor and subsequent regression. Objectives: Assess the safety, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics of AGEN1884 in patients (pts) with advanced and refractory malignancies using a “3+3” trial design. Methods: Eleven pts have been enrolled and treated to date. AGEN1884 was administered intravenously q3w for 4 doses and then q12w. Three (0.1, 0.3 and 1 mg/kg) of six (3, 6 and 10 mg/kg) planned dose levels have been completed. Results: Five pts were accrued at 0.1 mg/kg dose level (2 were not DLT evaluable) and three pts each at doses of 0.3 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg. Median age was 56 years (range 26–70), ECOG 0–2, with a median of 4 (range 1–8) prior therapies. No DLT events have been observed thus far. Data from 5 pts were available for PK evaluation. Half-life of AGEN1884 post first dose was 8.8 and 9.6 days for 0.3 mg/kg and 0.1 mg/kg dose levels, respectively, as measured by ELISA. As of Jan 31, 2017, pts across cohorts were followed for a median of 6 weeks (range 0-28). Six pts (54.5%) have come off study due to disease progression, while 5 (45.5 %) remain on study. One confirmed partial response (80% reduction) by RECIST criteria was seen at 0.1 mg/kg in a patient with angiosarcoma. Conclusions: AGEN1884 is safe at 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg dose levels. Dose escalation is ongoing and updated safety and PK data will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT02694822.
Erratum: Clearance systems in the brain—implications for Alzheimer diseaser
Authors: Jenna M. Tarasoff-Conway, Roxana O. Carare, Ricardo S. Osorio, Lidia Glodzik, Tracy Butler, Els Fieremans, Leon Axel, Henry Rusinek, Charles Nicholson, Berislav V. Zlokovic, Blas Frangione, Kaj Blennow, Joël Ménard, Henrik Zetterberg, Thomas Wisniewski, Mony J. de Leon
Journal: Nature Reviews Neurology (2016)
Abstract 11651: Cost-effectiveness of Screening for Atrial Fibrillation in Primary Care With a Hand-held, Single-lead ECG Device in the Netherlands
Authors: Maartje Jacobs, Femke Kaasenbrood, Maarten Postma, Marinus Van Hulst, Robert Tieleman
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia and prevalence increases with age. Patients with AF have a high risk of stroke and screening for AF is recommended in all people aged 65 years or older to identify patients eligible for stroke prevention. A hand-held, single-lead ECG device can be used for systematic screening in the population at risk. The objective of this study is to estimate the cost-effectiveness of screening for atrial fibrillation in primary care with the MyDiagnostick® during seasonal influenza vaccination in the Netherlands. Methods: Life-time costs and effects of a single screening session for AF detection were assessed from a societal perspective with a decision analytic model consisting of a straightforward decision tree and a joining Markov model. The decision model simulated all patients aged 65 years and over attending the seasonal influenza vaccination in the Netherlands. Event probabilities were derived from clinical trials. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the impact of important model assumptions as well as determining the relative effect of individual parameters. Results: Screening for AF with the MyDiagnostick® in all patients older than 65 years that attend seasonal influenza vaccination in the Netherlands would decrease the overall costs by є1,364 and increase the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) by 0.45 QALYs per patient. Early detection of AF would prevent strokes and leads to beneficial health-effects with subsequent cost savings. This screening method would have an estimated probability of 99.9% for being cost-effective at a conservative willingness-to-pay of є20,000/QALY gained. Conclusions: Screening for AF in primary care with a hand-held, single-lead ECG during seasonal influenza vaccination is very likely to be cost saving for identifying new cases of AF in the Dutch population aged 65 years and over. Active screening for AF with a single-lead, hand-held ECG device during seasonal influenza vaccination should be implemented in primary care.
Alternative Macrophage Activation Is Essential for Survival during Schistosomiasis and Downmodulates T Helper 1 Responses and Immunopathology
Authors: De'Broski R. Herbert, Christoph Hölscher, Markus Mohrs, Berenice Arendse, Anita Schwegmann, Magda Radwanska, Mosiuoa Leeto, Richard Kirsch, Pauline Hall, Horst Mossmann, Björn E. Clausen, Irmgard Förster, Frank Brombacher
Journal: Immunity (2004)
Breast cancer screening in transgender patients: Findings from the 2014 BRFSS survey.
Authors: Anand Narayan, Elizabeth Ann Morris, Lizza Lebron
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

1564 Background: Transgender patients undergoing transitions often receive cross sex hormonal therapies, placing them at uncertain risk for developing breast cancer. There is limited population-based information about the extent to which transgender patients undergo mammography screening. Our purpose was to determine the extent to which transgender patients undergo mammography screening using nationally representative survey data. Methods: Transgender participants in the 2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey were included. Proportions undergoing mammography screening in the last year or two years were calculated stratified by age category and transition status (male to female(MtF), female to male(FtM), non-conforming(people who do not follow societal notions how they should look or act based on the sex they were assigned at birth)). For each transition status, predictors of mammography screening (demographics, indices of access to health care) were calculated using logistic regression. Results: 656 transgender patients were included (343 were MtF, 203 were FtM and 110 classified themselves as gender non-conforming). For MtF respondents, 61.5% of women underwent mammography screening within the last year (71.9% within last two years). For FtM respondents, 66.1% underwent mammography screening within the last year (74.2% within the last two years). For gender non-confirming transgender patients, 57.9% underwent mammography screening within the last year (74.4% within the last two years). For all transgender patients, income category (OR 1.16, 0.82 - 1.64), higher education category (OR 1.09, 0.31 - 3.86) and health insurance (OR 0.38, 0.10 - 1.41) were not associated with increased adherence to mammography screening. Adjusted for age, education, race and income, transgender patients were comparably likely to undergo mammography screening compared with non-transgender patients (OR 0.97, 0.58 – 1.62). Conclusions: High proportions of transgender survey respondents undergo mammography screening (57.9 – 66.1% within the last year, 71.9 – 74.4% within the last two years), proportions comparable to non-transgender survey respondents.
Abstract 9919: ST-Segment Elevation in Lead aVR is the Strongest Predictor of 30-Day Mortality in Patients With Type A Acute Aortic Dissection
Authors: Masami Kosuge, Keiji Uchida, Susumu Isoda, Toshiaki Ebina, Kiyoshi Hibi, Munetaka Masuda, Satoshi Umemura, Kazuo Kimura
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: We investigated the prognostic value of ST-segment elevation in lead aVR (ST↑aVR) at presentation ECG in type A acute aortic dissection (AAD). Hypothesis: In type A AAD, ischemic ST-T changes at presentation have been shown to be associated with poor outcomes. ST↑aVR, an ECG marker of severe acute myocardial ischemia, may provide important prognostic information. Methods: We studied the relation of ECG findings to clinical features on admission and 30-day mortality in 280 patients who were admitted within 6 h from symptom onset and underwent emergency surgery for type A AAD. Patients with bundle branch block or left ventricular hypertrophy were excluded. Patients were divided into the 3 groups according to admission ECG findings: no significant ST-T changes (n=96, G-A); the absence (n=142, G-B) or the presence (n=42, G-C) of ST↑aVR ≥0.5 mm with ST-T changes in other leads. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was measured on admission, and renal dysfunction was defined as an eGFR &lt;60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Results: There were no differences in age, sex or time from symptom onset to admission in the 3 groups. In G-A, G-B, and G-C, the rates of renal dysfunction were 41%, 56%, and 67% (p&lt;0.01); shock were 2%, 22%, and 71% (p&lt;0.01); cardiac tamponade was 3%, 18%, and 67% (p&lt;0.01); moderate/severe aortic regurgitation was 4%, 28%, and 43% (p&lt;0.01); coronary ostial involvement was 3%, 11%, and 32% (p&lt;0.01); left coronary artery involvement was 2%, 1%, and 17% (p&lt;0.01); right coronary artery involvement was 1%, 9%, and 10% (p&lt;0.05); and both left and right coronary artery involvement was 0%, 1%, and 5% (p=0.10); coronary artery bypass surgery was 2%, 7%, and 12% (p=0.07); aortic valve repair/replacement was 1%, 6%, and 10% (p=0.06); 30-day mortality was 1%, 6%, and 33% (p&lt;0.01), respectively. After adjusting baseline characteristics, multivariate analysis showed that ST↑aVR (OR 38.4, 95%CI 8.10-82.0, p&lt;0.01) was the strongest predictor of 30-day death, followed by renal dysfunction (OR 5.85, 95%CI 1.70-20.1, p&lt;0.01). Conclusions: In patients with type A AAD who underwent emergency surgery, ST↑aVR on admission ECG was the strongest predictor of 30-day mortality. Our findings suggest the importance of ST↑aVR in early risk stratification for type A AAD.
FRI0713 Low bone mineral density is the main contributor to falls-related health burden in the european elderly
Authors: L Sanchez-Riera, N Wilson, D Prieto-Alhambra, C Cooper, K Dreinhöfer, A Woolf, L March, P Halbout
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Falls are the leading injury type in elderly populations and a major health burden and cause of death globally. Most of such burden is due to bone fractures. In the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) Initiative, the attributable burden of falls due to low bone mineral density (BMD) was analysed through its relationship with fractures. <h3>Objectives</h3> To measure the percentage of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs) and deaths due to falls attributable to low BMD in European population for the year 2015. <h3>Methods</h3> The estimates followed the Counterfactual Risk Assessment Methodology used in the GBD study (1). Systematic review was performed seeking population-based studies with femoral neck (FNBMD) measured by Dual-X-Ray-Absorptiometry in people 50 years and over. Age- and sex- specific levels of mean +/-SD FNBMD (g/cm<sup>2</sup>) were extracted from eligible studies, and this was used as the exposure variable. The age and sex-specific 99th percentile from non-Hispanic whites in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2010 was used as theoretical minimum risk factor exposure distribution, to estimate the potential impact fraction (PIF) of FNBMD for fractures. Relative risks of FNBMD for fractures were obtained from a previous meta-analysis (2). Coded hospital data was used to calculate the fraction of falls-related deaths due to fractures. Disability levels were established by applying disability weights to each type of fracture. Then, PIFs were applied to obtain attributable deaths and disability due to low BMD. <h3>Results</h3> The percentage of falls-related preventable deaths attributable to low BMD is around 9% in the 50–54 age group, increasing to 84% in those aged 80 years and over. Total health burden (DALYs) and disability attribution (YLDs) also increase with age, from 19% and 25% in 50–54 years old, respectively, to 61% and 44% and population aged 80 years and above, respectively. Low BMD constitutes the most important preventable risk factors for falls-related DALYs from 50 years and above, followed by alcohol, occupational risk and smoking. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Low BMD is a major preventable risk factor that explains a very remarkable proportion of falls health burden in Europe, in particular in those aged 70 years and above. This is a growing concern, given the population trajectories, and requires urgent attention. <h3>References</h3> Forouzanfar M et al, Lancet 2016. , Johnell O et al, JBMR 2015. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Abstract 11150: Preoperative Angiographically-Determined Coronary Artery Disease Provides Independent and Complementary Prediction for Atherothrombotic Events After Lung Transplantation
Authors: Kongkiat Chaikriangkrai, Hye Yeon Y Jhun, Soma Jyothula
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background:  Coronary angiography is routinely performed in lung transplant candidates. The objective of this study is to examine predictive value of pretransplant angiographically-determined coronary artery disease (CAD) for atherothrombotic events (AEs) after lung transplantation.   Methods:  Consecutive isolated lung transplant recipients from 2008 to 2013 in our institution were identified. Significant CAD was defined as presence of ≥ 50% coronary stenosis in at least one artery or history of coronary revascularization. AEs were coronary events (revascularization, myocardial infarction), stroke/TIA, peripheral artery events (abdominal aortic aneurysm, limb ischemia, stenting).   Results:  The study comprised of 280 patients with mean age of 60 ± 10 years. Sixty two percent were male. Primary lung pathologies were 29.6% obstructive, 1.8% vascular, 1.4% cystic fibrosis and 67.1% restrictive lung diseases. Prevalence of significant CAD was 17% (48/280). Median follow up was 2.1 years. AEs occurred in 5.7% (16/280) comprising of 25% (4/14) coronary events, 56% (9/16) stroke/TIA, 19% (3/16) peripheral artery events. Patients with significant CAD had higher annualized rate of AEs than those without (11.9% VS 0.6%; p   Conclusion:  Angiographically-determined CAD provides independent and complimentary prediction for AEs in lung transplantation. Our findings support important role of pretransplant coronary angiography since it could help identifying those whom earlier aggressive risk factor modification may be beneficial.
Oxidative stress biomarkers and asthma characteristics in adults of the EGEA study
Authors: Miora Andrianjafimasy, Farid Zerimech, Zeina Akiki, Helene Huyvaert, Nicole Le Moual, Valérie Siroux, Régis Matran, Orianne Dumas, Rachel Nadif
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Asthma is an oxidative stress related disease, but associations with asthma outcomes are poorly studied in adults. We aimed to study the associations between several biomarkers related to oxidative stress and various asthma outcomes. Cross-sectional analyses were conducted in 1388 adults (mean age 43 years, 44% with asthma) from the Epidemiological Study of the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA2). Three blood antioxidant enzyme activities (biomarkers of response to oxidative stress) and exhaled breath condensate 8-isoprostanes and plasma fluorescent oxidation products (FlOPs) levels (two biomarkers of damage) were measured. Associations between biomarkers and 1) ever asthma and 2) asthma attacks, asthma control and lung function in participants with asthma were evaluated using regression models adjusted for age, sex and smoking. Biomarkers of response were unrelated to asthma outcomes. Higher 8-isoprostane levels were significantly associated with ever asthma (odds ratio for one interquartile range increase 1.28 (95% CI 1.06–1.67). Among participants with asthma, 8-isoprostane levels were negatively associated with adult-onset asthma (0.63, 0.41–0.97) and FlOPs levels were positively associated with asthma attacks (1.33, 1.07–1.65), poor asthma control (1.30, 1.02–1.66) and poor lung function (1.34, 1.04–1.74). Our results suggest that 8-isoprostanes are involved in childhood-onset asthma and FlOPs are linked to asthma expression.