tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Review: In chronic hepatitis C virus infection, oral direct-acting antivirals have high sustained virologic response
Authors: Henry S. Sacks
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

ACP Journal Club18 July 2017Review: In chronic hepatitis C virus infection, oral direct-acting antivirals have high sustained virologic responseHenry S. Sacks, PhD, MDHenry S. Sacks, PhD, MDIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA (H.S.S.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2017-167-2-003 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationFalade-Nwulia O, Suarez-Cuervo C, Nelson DR, et al. Oral direct-acting agent therapy for hepatitis C virus infection: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166:637-48. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28319996Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Infectious Disease: References1 Yehia BR, Schranz AJ, Umscheid CA, Lo Re V 3rd. The treatment cascade for chronic hepatitis C virus infection in the United States: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2014;9:e101554. [PMID: 24988388] Google Scholar2 AASLD-IDSA. Recommendations for testing, managing, and treating hepatitis C. www.hcvguidelines.org (Accessed 20 Apr 17). Google Scholar3 Collins JM, Raphael KL, Terry C, et al. Hepatitis B virus reactivation during successful treatment of hepatitis C virus with sofosbuvir and simeprevir. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;61:1304-6. [PMID: 26082511] Google Scholar4 Coward S, Leggett L, Kaplan GG, Clement F. Cost-effectiveness of screening for hepatitis C virus: a systematic review of economic evaluations. BMJ Open. 2016;6:e011821. [PMID: 27601496] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA (H.S.S.)This article was published at Annals.org on 4 July 2017. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTargeting SARS-CoV-2 and host cell receptor interactionsViral eradication by direct-acting antivirals does not decrease the serum myostatin level in patients infected with hepatitis C virusSustained virologic response by direct‐acting antivirals suppresses skeletal muscle loss in hepatitis C virus infectionIs there sufficient evidence to repeal three decades of clinical research on chronic hepatitis C? 18 July 2017Volume 167, Issue 2Page: JC3KeywordsAntiviralsChronic hepatitis CCirrhosisCohort studiesInfectious diseasesInfectious hepatitisLiver diseasesSystematic reviewsSystemic vascular resistanceVaccines ePublished: 18 July 2017 Issue Published: 18 July 2017 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2017 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
SAT0683 Prevalence of osteoporosis in albanian postmenopause women and the role of risk factors in osteoporosis
Authors: A Kollcaku, J Kollcaku, V Duraj
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Menopause is the time in woman9s life when production of sex hormones ceases. Sex hormones deficiency leads to increasing bone fragility and, thus, fracture risk. Bone turnover and bone mass could be affected by too many other risk factors. Osteoporosis threatens the health and quality of life of women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis in Albanian postmenopause women and the role of risk factors in osteoporosis. <h3>Methods</h3> A cross-sectional study was conducted in Tirana city in a period 2009–2013, including a population-based sample of 4,789 women. All subjects enrolled in the study were asked for risk factors for osteoporosis by completing a specific questionnaire. Low bone mineral density (osteopenia defined as a bone mineral density T-score less than -1 and osteoporosis for T-score less than -2.5) was assessed with a bone ultrasound device which is simple and easy to use for screening of bone mineral density in population-based studies. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the relationship of osteoporosis and independent factors in this study population. <h3>Results</h3> The prevalence of osteoporosis in this study population was 6.2% (N=286) and prevalence of osteopenia was 16.6%; 77.1% of osteoporosis women were in postmenopause. In logistic regression models was seen that menopausal women had 69% more chances than no menopausal women to have osteoporosis (OR=1.69, 95% CI=1.45–1.77, P&lt;0.001). Osteoporosis was positively associated with multiparity (P&lt;0.001) and long treatment with glucocorticoids (OR: 1.52; CI95% 1.46–1.94; p=0.02). In multivariable analysis osteoporosis was positively associated with rheumatoid arthritis (OR=1.62, 95% CI=1.47–1.81, P&lt;0.001). In Kendal9s correlation coeficient, osteoporosis was negatively associated with level of education (r=-0.101, p&lt;0.001) and body mass index (r=-0.0033, p&lt;0.009) and positively associated with white color of skin (r=0.003, p&lt;0.027) and treatment with diuretics (r=0.007, p&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study offers useful evidence about the osteoporosis and osteopenia prevalence among postmenopausal albanian women. Caucasian females with early menopause, multiparous, lower body-weight, suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, long treated with glucocorticoids and diuretics and lower education should be followed-up more carefully for development of osteoporosis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Body mass index, hyperglycemia, and stage of presentation at time of cancer diagnosis in Hispanic women.
Authors: Omayra J. Gonzalez Pagan, Joe J Rodriguez, Juan C Orengo, Anna Maria Di Marco
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e13052 Background: Obesity prevalence among Hispanic communities is alarmingly high. The correlation between obesity and elevated blood glucose levels with increased cancer risk has remained controversial for several years. Thus, the main objectives of this study are: 1) to estimate the prevalence of obesity and overweight in a women cancer population; 2) to compare our findings with the general population; 3) to assess the stage at time of diagnosis by cancer site. Methods: An exploratory, cross-sectional study was conducted at one oncology women clinic located in Ponce, Puerto Rico. The medial records were selected by a Simple Random Sampling, all adult women with any type of cancer were included. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient demographics, morbidity, and clinical characteristics. Results: 216 medical records were reviewed. The distribution by age group was: 21-30 (n = 3 (1.4%); 31-35 (n = 35 (16.2%); 46-64 (n = 96(44.4%); ≥65 (n = 82(38%). The 50.5% (109) of the patients presented breast cancer, 24 (11.2%) uterine cancer and 17 (7.9%) colon cancer. FBS ≥ 126 was presented by 38 participants (19.6%). A BMI ≥ 30 was presented by 121 (56%) of the patients and 54 (25%) were overweight (81% of obesity and overweight). Obesity and overweight in women from Puerto Rico Behavioral Risk Surveillance System (PRBRFSS, 2014) presents a prevalence of 64% and Loren et al (2014) found a prevalence of 65.1% in women without cancer, comparing with our finding (81%) this difference is statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05). A 26.9% (n = 58) of Hispanic women in our study presented diabetes vs 17.2% in the Hispanic women population (PRBRFSS, 2015) this difference is statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05), controlling by cancer diagnosis. Analyzing stage (from I to IV) by breast cancer or not, we found a significant statistically difference (p &lt; 0.001), 83.9% of breast cancer are stage I and II vs. 45.3% of no breast cancer. Conclusions: Our results suggest that a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 and diabetes are part of the profile of the Hispanic women with a diagnosis of a malignancy. Breast cancer is diagnosed at an earlier stage than any other malignancy, which could be explained by the amount of information available for breast cancer screening.
Randomized trial of thoracic radiotherapy with or without concurrent daily low-dose carboplatin in elderly patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Long-term follow-up of Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) Study JCOG0301.
Authors: Shinji Atagi, Junki Mizusawa, Satoshi Ishikura, Toshiaki Takahashi, Hiroaki Okamoto, Hiroshi Tanaka, Koichi Goto, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Masao Harada, Yuichiro Takeda, Naoyuki Nogami, Yuka Fujita, Takashi Kasai, Kazuma Kishi, Toshiyuki Sawa, Koji Takeda, Keisuke Tomii, Miyako Satouchi, Takashi Seto, Yuichiro Ohe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

8532 Background: In the phase III JCOG0301 trial, concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) was compared with radiotherapy (RT), demonstrating clinically significant survival benefits in elderly patients with locally advanced NSCLC after a median follow-up of 19.4 months. However, the long-term patterns and cumulative incidences of toxicity associated with CRT and RT are poorly understood for elderly patients. We report long-term survival data and late toxicities after a minimum follow-up of 6.4 years. Methods: Eligible patients were older than 70 years and had unresectable stage III NSCLC. They were randomly assigned to RT alone (RT arm: irradiation with 60 Gy in 30 fractions) or CRT (CRT arm: the same RT with additional concurrent use of carboplatin 30 mg/m 2 per fraction up to the first 20 fractions). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Prognosis and adverse events data were collected beyond those in the initial report of this trial. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and 3- and 5-year survival proportions were calculated. Late toxicities were defined as occurring later than 90 days after RT initiation. Results: From September 2003 to May 2010, 200 patients (RT arm, n = 100; CRT arm, n = 100) were enrolled. Consistent with the initial report, the CRT arm had better OS than the RT arm (HR = 0.743, 95% CI = 0.552 – 0.998, one-sided p = 0.0239 by stratified log-rank test). In the RT and CRT arms, median OS was 16.5 and 21.7 months, 3-year survival was 16.3% and 34.3%, and 5-year survival was 9.2% and 15.2%, respectively. %Grade 3/4 late toxicities were 7.4% (heart 2.1%, lung 5.3%) in the RT arm (n = 94) and 7.5% (esophagus 1.1%, lung 6.5%) in the CRT arm (n = 93). No additional cases of late toxicity (Grade 3/4) were seen since the initial report. There were 7 treatment-related deaths, all of which were recorded in the initial report: 4 (4.0%) in the RT arm and 3 (3.0%) in the CRT arm. Conclusions: Long-term follow-up confirms the survival benefits of CRT for elderly patients with locally advanced NSCLC. There was no observed increase in late toxicity with CRT, as compared with RT alone. Clinical trial information: 00132665.
Healthful and Unhealthful Plant-Based Diets and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in U.S. Adults
Authors: Ambika Satija, Shilpa N. Bhupathiraju, Donna Spiegelman, Stephanie E. Chiuve, JoAnn E. Manson, Walter Willett, Kathryn M. Rexrode, Eric B. Rimm, Frank B. Hu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Therapeutic efficiency of tirofiban in acute coronary syndromes (multiple letters)
Authors: J. R. Burnett, J. Blennerhassett, W. McConnell, P. C. O'Leary, S. D. Vasikaran, C. Heeschen, C. W. Hamm, G. G L Biondi-Zoccai, P. Agostoni
Journal: The Lancet (2000)
BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in ovarian cancer patients from China: Association of ethnic-specific mutations in BRCA1 with an increased risk of ovarian cancer.
Authors: Tingyan Shi, Pan Wang, Caixia Xie, Sheng Yin, Di Shi, Congchong Wei, Wenbin Tang, Rong Jiang, Xi Cheng, Qingyi Wei, Qing Wang, Rongyu Zang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

1583 Background: BRCA1/2 are cancer predisposition genes involved in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). Mutation carriers display an increased sensitivity to inhibitors of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Despite a number of small-size hospital-based studies being previously reported, there is not yet, precise data of BRCA1/2mutations among Chinese epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) pts. Methods: We performed a multicenter cohort study including 916 unselected consecutive EOC pts from eastern China, to screen for BRCA1/2mutations using the next-generation sequencing approach. Results: 153 EOC pts were found to carry pathogenic germline mutations in BRCA1/2, accounting for an overall mutation incidence of 16.7% with the predominance in BRCA1 (13.1%) compared with BRCA2 (3.9%). We identified 53 novel pathogenic mutations, among which the c.283_286delCTTG and the c.4573C&gt;T of BRCA1 were both found in two unrelated patients. More importantly, the most common mutation, c.5470_5477del8 was most likely to be Chinese population-related without an apparent founder origin. This hot-spot mutation was presumably associated with an increased risk of EOC. Taken together, germline BRCA1/2mutations were common in Chinese EOC pts with distinct mutational spectrum compared to Western populations. Conclusions: Our study contributes to the current understanding of BRCA1/2 mutation prevalence worldwide. We recommend BRCA1/2genetic testing to all Chinese women diagnosed with EOC in order to identify HBOC families, to provide genetic counselling and clinical management for at-risk relatives. Mutation carriers may also benefit from PARP-targeted therapies. [Table: see text]
Abstract P139: Heart Failure Is Initiated By and Progresses Because of Normal Responses of Energy Metabolism to Stress
Authors: John E Foker, James M Berry, Brian A Harvey, Nicholas T Befera, Kevin J Tveter, Richard W Bianco
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Objectives The mechanism underlying heart failure (HF) after an index cardiac event is unknown but should have several characteristics. HF is a modern problem, so it will likely be a general response and be able to encompass the variety of initiating cardiac lesions as well as significant stress (e.g. exertion). The consequences should lead to the many alterations found in HF. [ATP] falls when energy demand outstrips supply (e.g. ischemia) but do not recover promptly with reperfusion because AMP is quickly catabolized and unavailable for recharging. [ATP] recovery is slow and limited by the availability of ribose-5-P. Ribose is not used as fuel and is channeled into nucleotide (ATP) synthesis allowing the effects of [ATP] recovery on function to be studied. Our hypothesis was that HF results from these responses of energy metabolism to stress which lower [ATP[ and affect the numerous myocardial reactions whose activity depends on [ATP]. The ability of ribose to quickly increase [ATP] allows these effects to be studied. Methods The effects of ribose infusion on two models of myocardial stress were studied. (1) An intact canine model of global ischemia which allowed serial myocardial biopsies and detailed function analysis. (2) A rat myocardial infarction model which allowed ECHO analysis of the remote myocardium. Results Table 1. Global ischemia (20') [ATP] recovery control w/ ribose infusion 9.9 ± 1.4 days 2.8 ± 0.6 days Diastolic compliance recovery control w/ ribose infusion 9.4 ± 1.1 days 2.4 ± 0.9 days Myocardial infarction Pre MI 2 weeks post MI LV systolic diameter (cm) control w/ ribose infusion 0.40 ± 0.03 0.39 ± 0.06 0.73 ± 0.10 0.47 ± 0.22 Remote LV wall thickness (cm) control w/ ribose infusion 0.13 ± 0.03 0.13 ± 0.02 0.10 ± 0.01 0.18 ± 0.12 LV ejection fraction control w/ ribose infusion 74 ± 5.9% 76 ± 2.3% 22 ± 6.3% 52 ± 5.0% Conclusions 1) When energy demand outstripped supply (either from ischemia or increased work) myocardial [ATP] falls and recovery was slow. 2) Ribose is the limiting precursor for [ATP] recovery and infusion allowed the relationship between [ATP] and function to be studied. 3) In both myocardial ischemia recovery and increased load (from MI) ribose enhanced [ATP] and improved function. 4) The response of myocardial energy metabolism response to stress results in lower [ATP] which will decrease the activity of many function related reactions. 5) HF could begin and progress from these reactions of energy metabolism to cardiac stress.
Patient Preferences for Primary Care Provider Roles in Breast Cancer Survivorship Care
Authors: Lauren P. Wallner, Yun Li, Allison K.C. Furgal, Christopher R. Friese, Ann S. Hamilton, Kevin C. Ward, Reshma Jagsi, Steven J. Katz, Sarah T. Hawley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Purpose Prior studies have suggested a need for greater clarity about provider roles in team-based cancer care; however, little is known about patients' preferences regarding which providers handle their care needs after primary cancer treatment. Methods We surveyed women with newly diagnosed stages 0 to II breast cancer who were treated in 2014 and 2015 as reported to the Georgia and Los Angeles SEER registries (N = 2,372; 68% response rate). Patient preferences regarding which provider handles the following care needs after treatment were ascertained: follow-up mammograms, screening for other cancers, general preventive care, and comorbidity management. Associations between patient demographic factors with preferences for provider roles-oncology-directed care versus primary care provider (PCP)-directed care-were assessed by using multivariable logistic regression. Results The majority of women preferred that their PCPs handle general preventive care (79%) and comorbidity care (84%), but a notable minority of women preferred that their oncologists direct this care (21% and 16%, respectively). Minority women-black and Asian versus white-and women with a high school education or less-versus undergraduate college education or more-displayed greater odds of preferring oncology-directed care-versus PCP-directed care-for their general preventive care (black odds ratio [OR], 2.01; 95% CI, 1.43 to 2.82; Asian OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.13 to 2.69; high school education or less OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.10 to 2.08). Similar variations existed for comorbidity care. Conclusion In this sample, minority women and those with less education more often preferred that oncologists direct certain aspects of their care after breast cancer treatment that are normally delivered by a PCP. Efforts to clarify provider roles in survivorship care to patients may be effective in improving team-based cancer care.
An improved quality control for DNA methylation analysis: Cycle threshold value
Authors: Pei Woon Ang, Hwee Boon Toh, Richie Soong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

A66  Background: Increasing numbers of studies indicating a diagnostic potential for DNA methylation analysis have generated a need for accurate quality controls. Here, we test the hypothesis that cycle threshold (Ct) values from real-time PCR analysis can be more accurate quality controls than spectrophotometric measurement for assessing the likely reliability of samples for bisulfite-treatment PCR-based methylation analysis.  Methods: Nine cell line and 20 colorectal cancer DNA samples were diluted to generate sample series of varying detection reliability. The undiluted and diluted samples were measured for their genomic DNA concentration by spectrophotometry and beta actin (ACTB) Ct values by real-time PCR. The correlation of these values with the reliability of methylation analysis, measured through quintuplicate analysis of bisulfite-DNA of ACTB by MethyLight and MLH1 by methylation specific-PCR (MSP), was compared.  Results: In cell line DNA using optimal thresholds, genomic DNA Ct values correctly identified 5/5 (100%) and 12/13 (92%) samples to be consistently and inconsistently detected respectively. The corresponding frequencies for spectrophotometry were 6/8 (75%) and 10/10 (100%). In colorectal cancer DNA using MSP, Ct values correctly identified 21/21 (100%) and 19/19 (100%) to be reliably and unreliably detected respectively while spectrophotometry identified 7/8 (88%) and 18/32 (56%) respectively. 9/21 (43%) samples that amplified reliably were deemed unreliable by spectrophotometry but reliable by Ct values, making the major difference in accuracy between the two systems.  Conclusions: Ct values can be more accurate controls than spectrophotometric concentration for predicting the reliability of a sample for methylation analysis.
Single HLA Mismatch Unrelated Donor Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Caucasian Recipients: Outcomes in HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1 Mismatch Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Study on Behalf of the Francophone Society of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (SFGM-TC) and the Francophone Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics (SFHI)
Authors: Michael Loschi, Sabine Furst, Reza Tabrizi, Mauricette Michallet, Nathalie Fegueux, Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha, Sebastien Maury, Claude-Eric Bulabois, Jean-Henri Bourhis, Patrice Chevallier, Jacques-Olivier Bay, Pascale Loiseau, Christophe Picard, Xavier Lafarge, Valerie Dubois, Jean-Francois Eliaou, Myriam Labalette, Elham Harfouch, Florent Delbos, Dominique Masson, Anne Cesbron, Fabienne Quainon, Gerard Socie, Raphael Porcher, Regis Peffault De Latour
Journal: Blood (2016)
Challenges in conducting clinical trials in nephrology: conclusions from a Kidney Disease—Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference
Authors: Colin Baigent, William G. Herrington, Josef Coresh, Martin J. Landray, Adeera Levin, Vlado Perkovic, Marc A. Pfeffer, Peter Rossing, Michael Walsh, Christoph Wanner, David C. Wheeler, Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer, John J.V. McMurray, Ali Abu-Alfa, Patrick Archdeacon, Geoffrey A. Block, Fergus J. Caskey, Alfred K. Cheung, Bruce Cooper, Jonathan C. Craig, Laura M. Dember, Garabed Eknoyan, Ron T. Gansevoort, John S. Gill, Barbara Gillespie, Tom Greene, David C. Harris, Richard Haynes, Brenda R. Hemmelgarn, Charles A. Herzog, Thomas F. Hiemstra, Lesley A. Inker, Meg J. Jardine, Vivekanand Jha, Lixin Jiang, Kirsten L. Johansen, Reshma Kewalramani, Hiddo J. Lambers Heerspink, Martin Lefkowitz, Charmaine E. Lok, Fiona Loud, Romaldas Mačiulaitis, Dugan W. Maddux, Franklin W. Maddux, Magdalena Madero, Segundo Mariz, Michael Mauer, Joseph V. Nally, Masaomi Nangaku, Ikechi G. Okpechi, Patrick S. Parfrey, Roberto Pecoits-Filho, Brian J.G. Pereira, Michael V. Rocco, Patrick Rossignol, Franz Schaefer, Francesca Tentori, Aliza Thompson, Marcello Tonelli, Allison Tong, Robert D. Toto, Katherine R. Tuttle, Thorsten Vetter, Angela Yee Moon Wang, Faiez Zannad
Journal: Kidney International (2017)

Despite the high costs of treatment of people with kidney disease and associated comorbid conditions, the amount of reliable information available to guide the care of such patients is very limited. Some treatments have been assessed in randomized trials, but most such trials have been too small to detect treatment effects of a magnitude that would be realistic to achieve with a single intervention. Therefore, KDIGO convened an international, multidisciplinary controversies conference titled "Challenges in the Conduct of Clinical Trials in Nephrology" to identify the key barriers to conducting trials in patients with kidney disease. The conference began with plenary talks focusing on the key areas of discussion that included appropriate trial design (covering identification and evaluation of kidney and nonkidney disease outcomes) and sensible trial execution (with particular emphasis on streamlining both design and conduct). Break out group discussions followed in which the key areas of agreement and remaining controversy were identified. Here we summarize the main findings from the conference and set out a range of potential solutions. If followed, these solutions could ensure future trials among people with kidney disease are sufficiently robust to provide reliable answers and are not constrained by inappropriate complexities in design or conduct.