tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation de l'ergonomie du nouveau SpyGlass DS pour les pathologies bilio-pancréatiques: étude prospective multicentrique «EasySpy»
Authors: A Laquière, F Fumex, J Privat, V Lepilliez, L Lecomte, B Napoléon, C Boustière
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

La cholangioscopie à un seul opérateur est une technique endoscopique difficile du fait de la rigidité et de la mauvaise définition des cholangioscopes à usage unique. Récemment la cholangioscopie numérique à usage unique est devenue disponible. Le SpyGlass DS permettrait de mieux visualiser les lésions endo-canalaires biliaires et pancréatiques et de réaliser diverses procédures thérapeutiques. L'objectif de l'étude était d'évaluer prospectivement l'ergonomie du SpyGlass DS pour les procédures diagnostiques et thérapeutiques des maladies biliaires et pancréatiques.
Abstract 17025: Stable in vivo Ventricular Pacing Created by Tbx18-induced Pacemaker Cells Upon Inhibition of Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transformation in an Ambulatory Rat Model of Complete Atrioventricular Block
Authors: Nam Kyun Kim, Jun Li, David Wolfson, Natasha Fernandez, Jinmo Gu, Pengcheng Han, Sandra Grijalva, Hee Cheol Cho
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction:  We have previously demonstrated conversion of ventricular cardiomyocytes to induce pacemaker cells (iPMs) by TBX18. However, the iPMs’ automaticity waned over time due to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation (EMT)-mediated cell detachment, collaterally activated by TBX18. We hypothesized that inhibitions of EMT with direct myocardial gene transfer of TBX18 can induce stable biological pacing in a rat model of complete atrioventricular block (CAVB).   Methods:  A rat model of CAVB was created by ablating the AV node area with a high-frequency electrosurgical generator. Upon CAVB, adenoviral gene transfer of human TBX18 was performed to the LV apex. In another group of TBX18-injected rats, an osmotic pump was implanted for peritoneal release of an inhibitor of EMT, A83. Control animals were implanted with an A83-osmotic pump, but injected with a GFP adenovirus. Animal were followed for 3 wks by telemetry and weekly ECG.   Results:  Immediately upon CAVB, control rats’ heart rate dropped from 352±40 to 102±38 bpm (n=15). The CAVB rats were sustained by slow junctional rhythm which persisted from wk1 (132±19) through wk4 (134±22). TBX18-injected rats’ mean ventricular rate increased from 165±46 (d1) to 186±35 bpm at wk1 but began wavering, 179±46 at wk2 and 167±44 at wk3. In contrast, TBX18-injected rats with EMT inhibition exhibited stable biological pacing at rates significantly higher than control and TBX18-only rats; 171±41 (d1), 157±35 (wk1), 176±54 (wk2), and 231±33 (wk3). TBX18-only group showed non-sustained ectopic beats that often competed with junctional escape beats. In contrast, TBX18-injected rats with EMT inhibition demonstrated highly-organized, sustained ventricular beats that often approach the sinus rate. With EMT inhibition, the TBX18-transduced myocardium was restricted to the injection site, similar to the GFP. Without EMT inhibition, however, TBX18-transduced myocardium appeared to spread away from the injection site.   Conclusions:  Stable, TBX18-mediated biological pacing in vivo can be achieved by simultaneous inhibition of EMT. The iPMs, with suppressed EMT, retain cell-cell coupling and synchronous pacing, and may allow the iPMs to better overcome the source-to-sink mismatch in ventricular myocardium.
Endoscopie digestive haute dans les villes moyennes du Burkina Faso: Etude analytique de 3556 examens
Authors: SL Zoungrana, ZD Ouattara, M Koura, R Salou, S Somda, A Coulibaly
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Dans un contexte noir africain de pauvreté généralisée, l'accessibilité de l'endoscopie digestive haute est encore plus réduite dans les villes moyennes. L'objectif de cette étude était de rapporter les principales pathologies retrouvées à l'endoscopie digestive haute dans les villes moyennes du Burkina Faso.
Novel evidence for a PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) as an oncogenic mediator of disease progression, and a potential prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer
Authors: Wenhao Weng, Na Liu, Yuji Toiyama, Masato Kusunoki, Takeshi Nagasaka, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara, Qing Wei, Huanlong Qin, Haifan Lin, Yanlei Ma, Ajay Goel
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2018)

Emerging evidence suggests that PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) may be important epigenetic regulators of gene expression in human cancers; however, their functional and clinical significance in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. We performed piRNA expression profiling in paired cancer and normal tissues through small RNA-sequencing. The clinical significance of candidate piRNAs was investigated, and independently validated in 771 CRC patients from three independent cohorts. The biological function of piRNAs was characterized in cell lines, followed by identification and validation of downstream target genes in CRC tissues. We identified piR-1245 as a novel and frequently overexpressed noncoding RNA in CRC, and its expression significantly correlated with advanced and metastatic disease. Patients with high piR-1245 expression experienced significantly shorter overall survival, and multivariate analysis identified its expression to serve as an independent prognostic biomarker in CRC. Functionally, piR-1245 acts as an oncogene and promotes tumor progression, and gene expression profiling results identified a panel of downstream target-genes involved in regulating cell survival pathway. Based upon piRNA:mRNA sequence complementarity, we identified a panel of tumor suppressor genes (ATF3, BTG1, DUSP1, FAS,NFKBIA, UPP1, SESN2, TP53INP1 and MDX1) as direct targets of piR-1245, and successfully validated an inverse correlation between their expression and piR-1245 in CRC. We for the first time have identified the role for a PIWI-interacting noncoding RNA, piR-1245, as a novel oncogene and a potential prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer.
CD163+ macrophages promote angiogenesis and vascular permeability accompanied by inflammation in atherosclerosis
Authors: Liang Guo, Hirokuni Akahori, Emanuel Harari, Samantha L. Smith, Rohini Polavarapu, Vinit Karmali, Fumiyuki Otsuka, Rachel L. Gannon, Ryan E. Braumann, Megan H. Dickinson, Anuj Gupta, Audrey L. Jenkins, Michael J. Lipinski, Johoon Kim, Peter Chhour, Paul S. de Vries, Hiroyuki Jinnouchi, Robert Kutys, Hiroyoshi Mori, Matthew D. Kutyna, Sho Torii, Atsushi Sakamoto, Cheol Ung Choi, Qi Cheng, Megan L. Grove, Mariem A. Sawan, Yin Zhang, Yihai Cao, Frank D. Kolodgie, David P. Cormode, Dan E. Arking, Eric Boerwinkle, Alanna C. Morrison, Jeanette Erdmann, Nona Sotoodehnia, Renu Virmani, Aloke V. Finn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

Intake of hemoglobin by the hemoglobin-haptoglobin receptor CD163 leads to a distinct alternative non-foam cell antiinflammatory macrophage phenotype that was previously considered atheroprotective. Here, we reveal an unexpected but important pathogenic role for these macrophages in atherosclerosis. Using human atherosclerotic samples, cultured cells, and a mouse model of advanced atherosclerosis, we investigated the role of intraplaque hemorrhage on macrophage function with respect to angiogenesis, vascular permeability, inflammation, and plaque progression. In human atherosclerotic lesions, CD163+ macrophages were associated with plaque progression, microvascularity, and a high level of HIF1α and VEGF-A expression. We observed irregular vascular endothelial cadherin in intraplaque microvessels surrounded by CD163+ macrophages. Within these cells, activation of HIF1α via inhibition of prolyl hydroxylases promoted VEGF-mediated increases in intraplaque angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and inflammatory cell recruitment. CD163+ macrophages increased intraplaque endothelial VCAM expression and plaque inflammation. Subjects with homozygous minor alleles of the SNP rs7136716 had elevated microvessel density, increased expression of CD163 in ruptured coronary plaques, and a higher risk of myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease in population cohorts. Thus, our findings highlight a nonlipid-driven mechanism by which alternative macrophages promote plaque angiogenesis, leakiness, inflammation, and progression via the CD163/HIF1α/VEGF-A pathway.
Continuous Cow’s Milk Protein Consumption from Birth and a Decrease in Milk Allergy: a Prospective Cohort Study Related to the PETIT Study
Authors: Osamu Natsume, Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada, Shigenori Kabashima, Junko Nakazato, Masami Narita, Mai Kondo, Saito Mayako, Ai Kishino, Hiroshi Kido, Kenji Matsumoto, Hirohisa Saito, Yukihiro Ohya
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Commentary: Let’s talk about sex
Authors: Tamás Bereczky
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Because HIV is often transmitted sexually, it is normal for healthcare workers to ask patients with HIV/AIDS about their sexual orientation and behaviour. Unfortunately, for many years healthcare professionals sought to notify and test previous and current sexual partners to try to understand the epidemiology. When compulsory, such “partner mapping” denies patients’ right to privacy, and in most parts of Europe it is now …
T Cells in Nonlymphoid Tissues Give Rise to Lymph-Node-Resident Memory T Cells
Authors: Lalit K. Beura, Sathi Wijeyesinghe, Emily A. Thompson, Marissa G. Macchietto, Pamela C. Rosato, Mark J. Pierson, Jason M. Schenkel, Jason S. Mitchell, Vaiva Vezys, Brian T. Fife, Steven Shen, David Masopust
Journal: Immunity (2018)
Association between oxygenation and ventilation indices with the time on invasive mechanical ventilation in infants
Authors: D.A. Camargo Barros Rocha, F.A.L. Marson, C.C.B. Almeida, A.A. Almeida Junior, J.D. Ribeiro
Journal: Pulmonology (2018)

Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is a common practice in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). However, the role of oxygenation (OI) and ventilation (VI) indices regarding the time on IMV has not been fully understood.
Abstract #2738: Malignant ascites is not a terminal event in pulmonary adenocarcinoma
Authors: Pei-Ying Lin, Jin-Yuan Shih, Pan-Chyr Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Lung cancer  is the leading cause of malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) and recent studies suggest the common pathogenesis of MPEs and malignant ascites (MAs). Nevertheless, little is known about lung cancer-related MAs. We searched the cancer registration and cytology laboratory database from 1997 to 2007 in a medical center. A total of 5167 lung cancer patients were identified and 53 (1.03%) had lung cancer-related MAs. Adenocarcinoma had the highest rate of peritoneal metastasis (1.52%) and was the leading cell type in lung cancer-related MAs (n=45, 84.9%). Among adenocarcinoma patients, no difference in overall survival was observed between the Early (n=14, time from MAs development to death/last follow-up >8 weeks) and Late group (n=31, time from MAs development to death/last follow-up  p =0.75). All these 45 adenocarcinoma patients also had MPEs. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation analyses were performed in 17 adenocarcinoma patients and active mutations were detected in 12 of them, with one from the MAs. Patients received treatment after MAs development had longer median survival counted from MAs appearance to death/last follow-up, comparing to these who had best supportive care only ( p =0.001). Regimens containing EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors were associated with longer overall survival ( p  p =0.002). The patient with EGFR Exon 19 deletion detected from MAs benefited from gefitinib after MAs development. In conclusion,  pulmonary adenocarcinoma-related MAs was not necessary a terminal event. The co-existence of MPEs and MAs suggested the possible common pathogenesis and the necessity of evaluating EGFR mutation status in pulmonary adenocarcinoma-related MAs.   Keywords:   Lung cancer, Adenocarcinoma, Malignant ascites, Malignant pleural effusion, EGFR, Mutation   Citation Information:  In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 2738.
Le risque de complications est-il plus élevé lorsqu'une CPRE est réalisée par un opérateur débutant? Expérience prospective monocentrique de 477 CPRE consécutives
Authors: L Plastaras, I Amaritei, L Le Com, B Denis
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Les séries prospectives et rétrospectives montrent des taux globaux de complications après cholangio-pancréatografie rétrograde endoscopique (CPRE) compris entre 5 et 9%. Ces complications sont dominées par le risque de pancréatite aiguë (PA) et d'hémorragie après sphinctérotomie. Ces facteurs de risque de PA post CPRE sont liés aux caractéristiques individuelles du patient et à la procédure elle-même: temps de canulation supérieur à 10 minutes, injections multiples ou passages multiples du fil guide dans le canal pancréatique principal, recours à une pré-coupe (1). Le but de ce travail était de savoir si la réalisation d'une CPRE par un opérateur débutant était un facteur de risque supplémentaire de complications.
Enhancer invasion shapes MYCN-dependent transcriptional amplification in neuroblastoma
Authors: Rhamy Zeid, Matthew A. Lawlor, Evon Poon, Jaime M. Reyes, Mariateresa Fulciniti, Michael A. Lopez, Thomas G. Scott, Behnam Nabet, Michael A. Erb, Georg E. Winter, Zoe Jacobson, Donald R. Polaski, Kristen L. Karlin, Rachel A. Hirsch, Nikhil P. Munshi, Thomas F. Westbrook, Louis Chesler, Charles Y. Lin, James E. Bradner
Journal: Nature Genetics (2018)
Development and feasibility of an eHealth tool for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Catharina C. Moor, Mirjam J.G. van Manen, Nelleke C. Tak, Esther van Noort, Marlies S. Wijsenbeek
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive disease with a poor prognosis. The quality of life of patients is often impaired [1, 2]. In other chronic lung diseases, the use of eHealth to improve clinical outcomes has been increasingly investigated [3–5]. eHealth is defined as "the use of information and communication technologies for health" [6]. Use of eHealth may improve understanding of disease, promote self-management and facilitate longitudinal data collection for both care and research [3, 7]. Experience with eHealth tools in IPF is scarce and people are often hesitant to start online initiatives in this mostly elderly population. However, collecting data at home and facilitating consultations at a distance could hold great benefits for these patients, as they often struggle to visit hospital because of reduced mobility, dyspnoea and extra oxygen needs. Together with patients we developed IPF-online, an eHealth tool for patients with IPF, and evaluated the feasibility and user satisfaction of this tool. Use of an eHealth tool is feasible and highly valued by patients with IPF <http://ow.ly/zVwG30i3Oct>
Traitement échoendoscopique par prothèse «Hot Axios» des collections pancréatiques contenant des débris solides: première expérience
Authors: L Diez, A Charachon, JF Demarquay, D Agrefilo, F Olyve, R Dumas, P Hastier
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Les collections pancréatiques symptomatiques au contenu au moins en partie solide sont habituellement drainées échoendoscopiquement par des prothèses plastiques. Des séances de débridement endoscopique des résidus solides peuvent éventuellement être associées. Des complications hémorragiques et perforatives ont été décrites mais restent rares. Plusieurs auteurs ont rapporté leur expérience de prothèses métalliques complètement couverte dans cette indication avec une efficacité certaine et des complications hémorragiques peu fréquentes mais potentiellement graves. La prothèse Hot Axios récemment disponible a été conçue d'une part pour faciliter la pose et d'autre part pour assurer une étanchéité entre la collection drainée et l'estomac ou le duodénum en apposant les parois de ces cavités. Nous rapportons ici notre expérience initiale de l'utilisation de cette prothèse.
Efficacité et sécurité de la sédation et de l'anesthésie générale pour la cholangio-pancréatografie retrograde endoscopique. Une étude prospective, randomisée et contrôlée
Authors: S Ibrahimi
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Une sédation adéquate est primordiale pour la réalisation d'une CPRE dans de bonnes conditions. Très peu d'études ont été consacrées sur le choix de l'anesthésie la plus appropriée dans la CRPE. Notre étude a pour but de démontrer que le taux de succès de la CPRE réalisée sous sédation profonde (SP) n'est pas différent à celle réalisée sous anesthésie générale avec intubation orotrachéale (AG), et ce avec un taux de complication faible et mineur.
L'obésité, la dyslipidémie et le diabète sont ils des facteurs de risque de la pancréatite aigue post-CPRE?
Authors: H Hassine, H Elloumi, M Sabbah, A Ouakaa-Kchaou, N Bibani, D Trad, D Gargouri, J Kharrat
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Les facteurs de risque de la pancréatite aigue (PA) post-CPRE ont été largement étudiés. Néanmoins, les études qui se sont intéressées aux éléments constitutifs du syndrome métabolique (SM) notamment l'obésité, la dyslipidémie et le diabète sont limitées.
Mycobacterial growth inhibition is associated with trained innate immunity
Authors: Simone A. Joosten, Krista E. van Meijgaarden, Sandra M. Arend, Corine Prins, Fredrik Oftung, Gro Ellen Korsvold, Sandra V. Kik, Rob J.W. Arts, Reinout van Crevel, Mihai G. Netea, Tom H.M. Ottenhoff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

The lack of defined correlates of protection hampers development of vaccines against tuberculosis (TB). In vitro mycobacterial outgrowth assays are thought to better capture the complexity of the human host/Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) interaction. Here, we used a mycobacterial growth inhibition assay (MGIA) based on peripheral blood mononuclear cells to investigate the capacity to control outgrowth of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Interestingly, strong control of BCG outgrowth was observed almost exclusively in individuals with recent exposure to Mtb, but not in (long-term) latent TB infection, and only modestly in BCG vaccinees. Mechanistically, control of mycobacterial outgrowth strongly correlated with the presence of a CD14dim monocyte population, but also required the presence of T cells. The nonclassical monocytes produced CXCL10, and CXCR3 receptor blockade inhibited the capacity to control BCG outgrowth. Expression of CXCR3 splice variants was altered in recently Mtb-exposed individuals. Cytokines previously associated with trained immunity were detected in MGIA supernatants, and CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 represent new markers of trained immunity. These data indicate that CXCR3 ligands are associated with trained immunity and are critical factors in controlling mycobacterial outgrowth. In conclusion, control of mycobacterial outgrowth early after exposure to Mtb is the result of trained immunity mediated by a CXCL10-producing nonclassical CD14dim monocyte subset.
Abstract 2354: Low-Voltage Multiple Pulse Termination of Ventricular Tachycardia in 4-day Infarct Canine Hearts
Authors: Wenwen Li, Vadim V Fedorov, Richard B Schuessler, Igor R Efimov
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction: ICD therapy is the most reliable treatment of ventricular arrhythmias in high-risk post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients. However, high-voltage shocks may induce local injury current and contribute to the progression of heart failure. Previously, we achieved a significant reduction in the cardioversion threshold (CVT) by applying five monophasic (MP) shocks within one ventricular tachycardia (VT) cycle length (CL) via maintaining depolarization of a small excitable gap instead of exciting a large area by a high-voltage shock in a rabbit model of chronic infarct. In this study, we aimed to extend these findings to a more clinically relevant canine model of healing infarct and to optimize the number of the multiple pulses.  Methods: The left anterior descending artery of mongrel dogs (n=6) was occluded for two hours via a left lateral thoracotomy and then blood flow was re-established. One dog died of congestive heart failure after reperfusion. Four days later, a medial sternotomy was performed and cardiopulmonary bypass was maintained. Loading (2 mg/kg) and maintenance (0.05 mg/kg/min) infusions of Flecainide were used to induce sustained VTs. Epicardial multielectrode mapping was performed. Through a right ventricle (RV) ICD lead, 3 to 8 MP shocks and 10 MP shocks were applied within one and two VT CLs, respectively. Antitachycardia pacing (ATP: 8 pulses, CL=70–95% of VT CL) was applied from a RV endocardial electrode.  Results: We were unable to induce sustained VT in two dogs. In the remaining three dogs, monomorphic figure-of-eight reentry pinned to the epicardial border zone was the main mechanism of VT. There was only one predominant ECG morphology with CL of 167±15.0 ms for each heart. Multiple pulses reduced CVT by 93% that of a single shock, which was 0.43±0.13 vs. 6.1±1.0 J, respectively (p   Conclusions: Our results suggest that a 14-fold reduction in energy can be achieved by the multiple pulse therapy compared to the conventional high-energy defibrillation. And for stable reentry VT, multiple shocks are much more efficient than ATP in destabilizing the reentrant circuit.