tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Associations between Personal Care Product Use Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk among White and Black Women in the Sister Study
Authors: Kyla W. Taylor, Melissa A. Troester, Amy H. Herring, Lawrence S. Engel, Hazel B. Nichols, Dale P. Sandler, Donna D. Baird
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2018)

Background: Many personal care products include chemicals that might act as endocrine disruptors and thus increase the risk of breast cancer. Objective: We examined the association between usage patterns of beauty, hair, and skin-related personal care products and breast cancer incidence in the Sister Study, a national prospective cohort study (enrollment 2003–2009). Methods: Non-Hispanic black (4,452) and white women (n=42,453) were examined separately using latent class analysis (LCA) to identify groups of individuals with similar patterns of self-reported product use in three categories (beauty, skin, hair). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between product use and breast cancer incidence. Results: A total of 2,326 women developed breast cancer during follow-up (average follow-up=5.4y). Among black women, none of the latent class hazard ratios was elevated, but there were &lt;100 cases in any category, limiting power. Among white women, those classified as “moderate” and “frequent” users of beauty products had increased risk of breast cancer relative to “infrequent” users [HR=1.13 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.27) and HR=1.15 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.30), respectively]. Frequent users of skincare products also had increased risk of breast cancer relative to infrequent users [HR=1.13 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.29)]. None of the hair product classes was associated with increased breast cancer risk. The associations with beauty and skin products were stronger in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women, but not significantly so. Conclusions: This work generates novel hypotheses about personal care product use and breast cancer risk. Whether these results are due to specific chemicals or to other correlated behaviors needs to be evaluated. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1480
Enthusiasm and Skepticism About Using National Registers to Analyze Psychotropic Drug Outcomes
Authors: Stefan Leucht, John M. Davis
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Short delay in initiation of radiotherapy for patients with glioblastoma-effect of concurrent chemotherapy: a secondary analysis from the NRG Oncology/Radiation Therapy Oncology Group database
Authors: Deborah T Blumenthal, Minhee Won, Minesh P Mehta, Mark R Gilbert, Paul D Brown, Felix Bokstein, David G Brachman, Maria Werner-Wasik, Grant K Hunter, Egils Valeinis, Kirsten Hopkins, Luis Souhami, Steven P Howard, Frank S Lieberman, Dennis C Shrieve, Merideth M Wendland, Cliff G Robinson, Peixin Zhang, Benjamin W Corn
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

We previously reported the unexpected finding of significantly improved survival for newly diagnosed glioblastoma in patients when radiation therapy (RT) was initiated later (>4 wk post-op) compared with earlier (≤2 wk post-op). In that analysis, data were analyzed from 2855 patients from 16 NRG Oncology/Radiotherapy Oncology Group (RTOG) trials conducted prior to the era of concurrent temozolomide (TMZ) with RT. We now report on 1395 newly diagnosed glioblastomas from 2 studies, treated with RT and concurrent TMZ followed by adjuvant TMZ. Our hypothesis was that concurrent TMZ has a synergistic/radiosensitizing mechanism, making RT timing less significant.Data from patients treated with TMZ-based chemoradiation from NRG Oncology/RTOG 0525 and 0825 were analyzed. An analysis comparable to our prior study was performed to determine whether there was still an impact on survival by delaying RT. Overall survival (OS) was investigated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model. Early progression (during time of diagnosis to 30 days after RT completion) was analyzed using the chi-square test.Given the small number of patients who started RT early following surgery, comparisons were made between >4 and ≤4 weeks delay of radiation from time of operation. There was no statistically significant difference in OS (hazard ratio = 0.93; P = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.80-1.07) after adjusting for known prognostic factors (recursive partitioning analysis and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase methylation status). Similarly, the rate of early progression did not differ significantly (P = 0.63).We did not observe a significant prognostic influence of delaying radiation when given concurrently with TMZ for newly diagnosed glioblastoma. The effects of early (1-3 wk post-op) or late (>5 wk) initiation of radiation tested in our prior study could not be replicated.
RATES OF ORAL ANTICOAGULANT USE IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION MANAGED BY PRIMARY CARE AND CARDIOLOGY PROVIDERS WITH OR WITHOUT USE OF A STRUCTURED NOTE FOR PINNACLE REGISTRY REPORTING
Authors: John Petersen, Tyler Gluckman, Christopher Dale, Joshua Buckler, Darryl Wells, Lisa Zhao, Sahana Ingale, R. Jeffrey Westcott
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Low catalase expression confers redox hypersensitivity and identifies an indolent clinical behavior in CLL
Authors: Chiara Cavallini, Roberto Chignola, Ilaria Dando, Omar Perbellini, Elda Mimiola, Ornella Lovato, Carlo Laudanna, Giovanni Pizzolo, Massimo Donadelli, Maria Teresa Scupoli
Journal: Blood (2018)
Correlative Imaging With FDG PET-CT and MRI of an Unusual Recurrence of Urothelial Cancer in an Ileal Conduit
Authors: Nilendu C. Purandare, Sumeet Dua, Sneha Shah, Khushboo Gupta, Anshu Rajnish Sharma, Venkatesh Rangarajan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

The standard care for muscle-invasive carcinomas of the urinary bladder is neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy and a urinary diversion procedure. Recurrence of urothelial cancer in an ileal conduit is known, but is exceedingly rare, with only a few cases reported thus far. The sensitivity of conventional positron emission tomography (PET), using flourodeoxy glucose (FDG) as the tracer, in detection of primary as well as recurrent urothelial cancers is low. We discuss a case of recurrent urothelial cancer occurring in an ileal conduit detected on positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and confirmed histopathologically.
Prognostic stratification of IDH wild type lower grade gliomas
Authors: Ho Keung Ng
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

IDH wild-type astrocytoma is described as a provisional entity within the new WHO classification. Some groups believe that IDH wild-type lower-grade gliomas, when interrogated for other biomarkers, will mostly turn out to be glioblastomas. We hypothesize that not all IDH wile-type lower-grade gliomas have very poor outcomes and the group can be sub-stratified prognostically. 718 adult WHO Grade II and III gliomas from our hospitals were reviewed and tested for IDH1/2 mutations. 166 IDH wild-type cases were identified for further studies and tested for EGFR and MYB amplification, mutation of histone H3F3A, TERT promoter and BRAF. EGFR amplification, BRAF and H3F3A mutations were observed in 13.3%, 8.6% and 9.1% respectively, in a mutually exclusive pattern in IDH wild-type lower-grade gliomas. TERTp muations were detected in 26.4% of cases. Favorable outcome was observed in tumors with oligodendroglial phenotype, grade II histology and total resection. Independent adverse prognostic values of older age, non-total resection, grade III histology, EGFR amplification and H3F3A mutation were confirmed by multivariate analysis. Tumors were further classified into “molecularly” high grade (harboring EGFR, H3F3A or TERTp) (median OS = 1.2 yrs) and lower grade (lacking all of the three) (median OS = 7.6 yrs) with independent prognostic relevance. The most favorable survival was noted in molecularly lower-grade gliomas with MYB amplification. In summary, adult IDH wild-type lower-grade gliomas are prognostically heterogeneous and do not have uniformly poor prognosis. Clinical information and additional markers including MYB, EGFR, TERTp and H3F3A should be examined to delineate bad and good prognostic groups.
EML1–ABL1 Is Activated by Coiled‐Coil‐Mediated Oligomerization and Induces T‐Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia or Myeloproliferative Disease in a Mouse Bone Marrow Transplant Model
Authors: Marlies Vanden Bempt, Nicole Mentens, Peter Vandenberghe, Jan Cools, Kim De Keersmaecker
Journal: HemaSphere (2018)

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.
A Model-Based Approach for Identifying Functional Intergenic Transcribed Regions and Noncoding RNAs
Authors: John P Lloyd, Zing Tsung-Yeh Tsai, Rosalie P Sowers, Nicholas L Panchy, Shin-Han Shiu
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2018)

With advances in transcript profiling, the presence of transcriptional activities in intergenic regions has been well established. However, whether intergenic expression reflects transcriptional noise or activity of novel genes remains unclear. We identified intergenic transcribed regions (ITRs) in 15 diverse flowering plant species and found that the amount of intergenic expression correlates with genome size, a pattern that could be expected if intergenic expression is largely nonfunctional. To further assess the functionality of ITRs, we first built machine learning models using Arabidopsis thaliana as a model that accurately distinguish functional sequences (benchmark protein-coding and RNA genes) and likely nonfunctional ones (pseudogenes and unexpressed intergenic regions) by integrating 93 biochemical, evolutionary, and sequence-structure features. Next, by applying the models genome-wide, we found that 4,427 ITRs (38%) and 796 annotated ncRNAs (44%) had features significantly similar to benchmark protein-coding or RNA genes and thus were likely parts of functional genes. Approximately 60% of ITRs and ncRNAs were more similar to nonfunctional sequences and were likely transcriptional noise. The predictive framework established here provides not only a comprehensive look at how functional, genic sequences are distinct from likely nonfunctional ones, but also a new way to differentiate novel genes from genomic regions with noisy transcriptional activities.
Abstract P4-10-18: Medismart-Oncosmart: A low-cost private initiative to improve health care access in the middle-income country of Costa Rica. Overview of the breast cancer screening program
Authors: A Wiernik, L Lami Casaus, M Durman, R Herrera Guido
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background: Costa Rica is a middle-income country in Central America with a public, government run, universal health care system which provides coverage to over 95% of the population. Despite being recognized as one of the best health care systems in Latin America, recent national reports suggest that up to 15% of the population is currently on a waiting list for a medical visit or procedure. The impact of the national breast cancer screening program is unknown as the country's health care system and the national cancer registry fail to report statistical variables like screening waiting lists, breast screening coverage, stage at diagnosis, time from screening to biopsy, breast cancer subtypes, breast cancer mortality by stage, among others. Methods: In 2014, the private health plan Medismart partnered with the private Hospital Metropolitano network with the mission of developing a low-cost health care system that provides efficient access and affordable health care services to its affiliates. Medismart's health care plan costs $12 a month per member ($6 per additional affiliated family member) and uses a copay model for health care services utilized by its beneficiaries. In 2016, Oncosmart, a program of Medismart, was developed with the goal of implementing population based screening, diagnostic procedures, cancer treatment, and survivorship care to its members. The program has no restrictions on pre-existing conditions. Results: From January 2015 to April 2017, Medismart subscribed 50,122 members. During the first 12 months of launching the breast screening program, 3634 women (32% of target population of 11058 women over 40 years old) underwent breast cancer screening mammography, breast ultrasound or both at the Hospital Metropolitano network. The copayment price of mammography screening for Medismart members is $26 and the copayment price for breast ultrasound screening is $38. Of the women who underwent screening in this period, 153 required a breast biopsy and all biopsies performed at the Metropolitano hospital were completed within 30 days from the abnormal imaging study. Conclusion: Medismart-Oncosmart is a low cost and efficient private initiative that improves access to breast cancer screening in Costa Rica. Citation Format: Wiernik A, Lami Casaus L, Durman M, Herrera Guido R. Medismart-Oncosmart: A low-cost private initiative to improve health care access in the middle-income country of Costa Rica. Overview of the breast cancer screening program [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-10-18.
Etidronate for Prevention of Ectopic Mineralization in Patients With Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum
Authors: Guido Kranenburg, Pim A. de Jong, Jonas W. Bartstra, Suzanne J. Lagerweij, Marnix G. Lam, Jeannette Ossewaarde-van Norel, Sara Risseeuw, Redmer van Leeuwen, Saskia M. Imhof, Harald J. Verhaar, Job J. de Vries, Riemer H.J.A. Slart, Gert Luurtsema, Annemarie M. den Harder, Frank L.J. Visseren, Willem P. Mali, Wilko Spiering
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Relative risk and population-attributable fraction of ICU death caused by susceptible and resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ventilator-associated pneumonia: a competing risks approach to investigate the OUTCOMEREA database
Authors: Maja K. von Cube, Jean-Francois Timsit, Harriet Sommer, Michael Darmon, Carole Schwebel, Sebastien Bailly, Bertrand Souweine, Martin Wolkewitz
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2018)
Abstract 17812: Lipoprotein Subspecies Predict Arterial Stiffness
Authors: Jacob Hartz, Ronald M Krauss, Mikael Gottsater, Olle Melander, Peter Nilsson, Michele Mietus-Snyder
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Measurements of traits related to insulin resistance were shown to predict arterial stiffness measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (c-fPWV) after a mean of 17 yr in the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study. Insulin resistance in turn, is associated with alterations in concentrations of subspecies of LDL and HDL particles (LDL-P, HDL-P).   Hypothesis:  LDL-P and HDL-P subspecies levels predict c-fPWV.   Methods:  Lipoprotein particle analysis was performed by ion mobility in 2505 adults from Malmo, Sweden (mean age 55.9 ± 5.6 yr; 60% F) between 1991-4 and c-fPWV was measured between 2007-12. Associations between lipoprotein particles and c-fPWV were evaluated by multiple linear regression, controlling for gender, heart rate, mean arterial pressure and age at the time of c-fPWV, diagnosis of diabetes, and use of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications. Risk factors previously reported to predict c-fPWV were included in secondary analyses.   Results:  The results (Table) confirm that triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) but not LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) predict c-fPWV. Vascular stiffness was inversely associated with large but not small HDL-P. Small, medium and total LDL-P but not large LDL-P were positively associated with c-fPWV. The relationship with the high-risk LDL-P category (small + medium) was unaffected by adjusting for LDL-C, but became insignificant after controlling for HDL-C, large HDL-P, or triglycerides. The associations between c-fPWV and both high risk LDL-P and large HDL-P remained significant after adjustment for waist-to-hip ratio and the homeostatic model of insulin resistance (beta 0.016,  p =0.02 and beta -0.029,  p    Conclusions:  The previously reported association between cardiometabolic risk factors and vascular stiffness in this cohort may be mediated in part by small and medium, but not large LDL-P. Large HDL-P may confer arterioprotection beyond features related to insulin resistance.
MSc in personality disorder
Authors: Vijaya kumar Eswaran
Journal: BMJ (2011)

This course is aimed at clinicians and practitioners working with people with personality disorders. Every year a range of professionals such as doctors (trainees and psychiatrists), graduate nurses, psychologists, psychotherapists, occupational therapists, criminal justice workers, and social workers study together in an interprofessional learning environment.

I started this part time programme in my third year of core training in psychiatry.

I did the MSc in personality disorder to give me a greater understanding of this complex psychiatric condition and to improve my clinical skills in its assessment, diagnosis, and treatment. I wanted to develop specialist knowledge, provide leadership, and direct service development and planning for contemporary practice in light of the national policy developments and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence guidelines in the field of personality disorders.

This programme is run …
Induction of Telomere Dysfunction Prolongs Disease Control of Therapy-Resistant Melanoma
Authors: Gao Zhang, Lawrence W. Wu, Ilgen Mender, Michal Barzily-Rokni, Marc R. Hammond, Omotayo Ope, Chaoran Cheng, Themistoklis Vasilopoulos, Sergio Randell, Norah Sadek, Aurelie Beroard, Min Xiao, Tian Tian, Jiufeng Tan, Umar Saeed, Eric Sugarman, Clemens Krepler, Patricia Brafford, Katrin Sproesser, Sengottuvelan Murugan, Rajasekharan Somasundaram, Bradley Garman, Bradley Wubbenhorst, Jonathan Woo, Xiangfan Yin, Qin Liu, Dennie T. Frederick, Benchun Miao, Wei Xu, Giorgos C. Karakousis, Xiaowei Xu, Lynn M. Schuchter, Tara C. Mitchell, Lawrence N. Kwong, Ravi K. Amaravadi, Yiling Lu, Genevieve M. Boland, Zhi Wei, Katherine Nathanson, Utz Herbig, Gordon B. Mills, Keith T. Flaherty, Meenhard Herlyn, Jerry W. Shay
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Purpose: Telomerase promoter mutations are highly prevalent in human tumors including melanoma. A subset of patients with metastatic melanoma often fail multiple therapies, and there is an unmet and urgent need to prolong disease control for those patients.Experimental Design: Numerous preclinical therapy-resistant models of human and mouse melanoma were used to test the efficacy of a telomerase-directed nucleoside, 6-thio-2'-deoxyguanosine (6-thio-dG). Integrated transcriptomics and proteomics approaches were used to identify genes and proteins that were significantly downregulated by 6-thio-dG.Results: We demonstrated the superior efficacy of 6-thio-dG both in vitro and in vivo that results in telomere dysfunction, leading to apoptosis and cell death in various preclinical models of therapy-resistant melanoma cells. 6-thio-dG concomitantly induces telomere dysfunction and inhibits the expression level of AXL.Conclusions: In summary, this study shows that indirectly targeting aberrant telomerase in melanoma cells with 6-thio-dG is a viable therapeutic approach in prolonging disease control and overcoming therapy resistance. Clin Cancer Res; 24(19); 4771-84. ©2018 AACRSee related commentary by Teh and Aplin, p. 4629.
Combining photothermal therapy and immunotherapy against melanoma by polydopamine-coated Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles
Authors: Wenfei Chen, Ming Qin, Xiaoyan Chen, Qin Wang, Zhirong Zhang, Xun Sun
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Photothermal therapy (PTT) can be an effective antitumor therapy, but it may not completely eliminate tumor cells, leading to the risk of recurrence or metastasis. Here we describe nanocarriers that allow combination therapy involving PTT and immunotherapy. Nanocarriers are prepared by coating Al2O3 nanoparticles with non-toxic, biodegradable polydopamine, which shows high photothermal efficiency. A near-infrared laser irradiation can kill the majority of tumor tissues, resulting in the release of tumor-associated antigens. The Al2O3 within the nanoparticles, together with CpG, acts as an adjuvant to trigger robust cell-mediated immune responses that can help eliminate the residual tumor cells and reduce the risk of tumor recurrence. Methods: The characteristics and photothermal performance of polydopamine-coated Al2O3 nanoparticles were examined after one-step preparation. Then we studied their internalization, photothermal toxicity and immunostimulatory activity in vitro. For in vivo experiments, these nanocarriers were injected directly into B16F10 melanoma allografts in mice to ensure specific localization. After photothermal irradiation on day 0, mice were subcutaneously injected with CpG adjuvant on day 1, 3 and 5. Tumor volumes and number of living mice were recorded every two days. Moreover, various immune responses induced by our combined therapy were tested for mechanism research. Results: 50% of mice after our combined treatment successfully achieved the goal of tumor eradication, and survived for 120 days, which was the end point of the experiment. Mechanism studies demonstrated the combined therapy efficiently led to dendritic cell maturation, resulting in the secretion of antibodies and cytokines as well as the proliferation of splenocytes and lymphocytes for anti-tumor immunotherapy. Conclusion: Taken together, these results demonstrated the promise of our combined photothermal therapy and immunotherapy for tumor shrinkage, which merited further research.
DEVELOPMENT OF A VALIDATED RISK SCORE FOR INTERSTAGE DEATH OR TRANSPLANT AFTER STAGE I PALLIATION FOR SINGLE VENTRICLE HEART DISEASE
Authors: Humera Ahmed, Jeffrey Anderson, Katherine Bates, Craig Fleishman, Shobha Natarajan, Nancy Ghanayem, Lynn Sleeper, Carole Lannon, David Brown
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Students from disadvantaged backgrounds to get priority access to work experience
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Aspiring medical students from disadvantaged backgrounds should be given priority access to work experience opportunities, recommends a group examining ways to improve diversity in the medical profession.

The scheme is one of a series of measures being taken forward by the Selecting for Excellence Group (SEEG) and outlined in a progress report published by the group.1 SEEG is working under the aegis of the Medical Schools Council to improve access to the medical profession for applicants from diverse social backgrounds.

The group …