tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AN ASSESSMENT OF CLINICAL JOINT AND LIMB MEASURES IN PROFESSIONAL FEMALE SOCCER PLAYERS: SCREENING TOOLS FOR INJURY PREVENTION?
Authors: Kristian Weaver, Nicola Relph
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background Female soccer has only recently become a professional sport within the UK. The need for accurate and reliable screening and profiling of professional female soccer players could assist in the design of injury prevention programmes. Objective To evaluate the clinical joint and limb measures during a preseason screening process in professional female soccer players. Design Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Setting Sports Therapy clinic. Participants 32 professional UK-based female soccer players (aged 23±3.60, mass 62.41±6.37 kg, height 167±6.65 cm) participated in the study. Assessment of Risk Factors Risk factors were assessed during the English Women's Super League preseason, January 2016. The independent variable was leg dominance. Main Outcome Measurements The outcome measures were leg length, knee to wall distance, knee flexion and extension, hip flexion and extension, hip internal and external rotation ranges of motion (ROM), straight leg raise hip flexion angle from both dominant and non-dominant legs. A qualified and experienced Sports Therapist subjectively assessed and recorded joint ligament laxity at the knee and ankle. Results Paired T-Tests revealed significantly reduced ROM in the dominant side compared to the non-dominant side for both hip flexion ( p =0.005) and hip internal rotation ( p =0.021). However, all other ROM measurements demonstrated limb symmetry. The most notable findings from the subjective laxity measures was that 35.9% of players had ankle talar inversion laxity. Conclusions Reduced hip ROM in the dominant side of players may increase the risk of lower limb injury. It may be important to include hip flexibility training into pre-season injury prevention programmes for female soccer players to ensure lower limb symmetry. Furthermore, ankle strengthening, proprioception and single leg change of direction exercises may be included in training programmes due to the high prevalence of ankle laxity in this sample. Future studies should monitor these measurements across a season and correlate them with injury incidence.
Extrapancreatic malignancies in 76 Japanese patients with histologically proven intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) of the pancreas
Authors: Takaharu Kato, Hiroshi Noda, Yuji Kaneda, Fumiaki Watanabe, Yuhei Endo, Masaaki Saito, Shingo Tsujinaka, Yasuyuki Miyakura, Hirokazu Kiyozaki, Toshiki Rikiyama
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
The Relationship of Health Insurance and Mortality: Is Lack of Insurance Deadly?
Authors: Steffie Woolhandler, David U. Himmelstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

About 28 million Americans are currently uninsured, and millions more could lose coverage under policy reforms proposed in Congress. At the same time, a growing number of policy leaders have called for going beyond the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act to a single-payer national health insurance system that would cover every American. These policy debates lend particular salience to studies evaluating the health effects of insurance coverage. In 2002, an Institute of Medicine review concluded that lack of insurance increases mortality, but several relevant studies have appeared since that time. This article summarizes current evidence concerning the relationship of insurance and mortality. The evidence strengthens confidence in the Institute of Medicine's conclusion that health insurance saves lives: The odds of dying among the insured relative to the uninsured is 0.71 to 0.97.
What is a good doctor and how can we make one?
Authors: Kurt Kroenke
Journal: BMJ (2002)

cases. 10 The competing demands of general practice must be explicitly addressed if we are to enable the general practitioner to practise psychological medicine effectively. 11 Yet this approach is no different to what is also required for many chronic medical disorders such as diabetes, asthma, and heart disease, for which it has been proved that care in concordance with guidelines requires appreciable reorganisation of medical services. 12 Neither chronic medical nor "psychiatric" disorders can be managed adequately in the current environment of general practice, where the typical patient must be seen in 10-15 minutes or less.The quick visit may work for the patient with a common cold or a single condition, such as well controlled hypertension, but will not suffice for the prevalent and disabling symptoms and disorders comprising psychological medicine.Evidence based treatments exist.Using them in a way that is integrated with general practice will improve our patients' physical health and psychological wellbeing.
Keratinocytes produce IL-17c to protect peripheral nervous systems during human HSV-2 reactivation
Authors: Tao Peng, R. Savanh Chanthaphavong, Sijie Sun, James A. Trigilio, Khamsone Phasouk, Lei Jin, Erik D. Layton, Alvason Z. Li, Colin E. Correnti, Willem De van der Schueren, Julio Vazquez, Diana R. O’Day, Ian A. Glass, David M. Knipe, Anna Wald, Lawrence Corey, Jia Zhu
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2017)

Despite frequent herpes simplex virus (HSV) reactivation, peripheral nerve destruction and sensory anesthesia are rare. We discovered that skin biopsies obtained during asymptomatic human HSV-2 reactivation exhibit a higher density of nerve fibers relative to biopsies during virological and clinical quiescence. We evaluated the effects of HSV infection on keratinocytes, the initial target of HSV replication, to better understand this observation. Keratinocytes produced IL-17c during HSV-2 reactivation, and IL-17RE, an IL-17c-specific receptor, was expressed on nerve fibers in human skin and sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia. In ex vivo experiments, exogenous human IL-17c provided directional guidance and promoted neurite growth and branching in microfluidic devices. Exogenous murine IL-17c pretreatment reduced apoptosis in HSV-2-infected primary neurons. These results suggest that IL-17c is a neurotrophic cytokine that protects peripheral nerve systems during HSV reactivation. This mechanism could explain the lack of nerve damage from recurrent HSV infection and may provide insight to understanding and treating sensory peripheral neuropathies.
Iron Homeostasis and Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Emanuele Cotroneo, Ali Ashek, Lei Wang, John Wharton, Olivier Dubois, Sophie Bozorgi, Mark Busbridge, Kambiz N. Alavian, Martin R. Wilkins, Lan Zhao
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Iron deficiency without anemia is prevalent in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and associated with reduced exercise capacity and survival.We hypothesized that iron deficiency is involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension and iron replacement is a possible therapeutic strategy.Rats were fed an iron-deficient diet (IDD, 7 mg/kg) and investigated for 4 weeks. Iron deficiency was evident from depleted iron stores (decreased liver, serum iron, and ferritin), reduced erythropoiesis, and significantly decreased transferrin saturation and lung iron stores after 2 weeks IDD. IDD rats exhibited profound pulmonary vascular remodeling with prominent muscularization, medial hypertrophy, and perivascular inflammatory cell infiltration, associated with raised pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy. IDD rat lungs demonstrated increased expression of hypoxia-induced factor-1α and hypoxia-induced factor-2α, nuclear factor of activated T cells and survivin, and signal transducers and activators of transcription-3 activation, which promote vascular cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Biochemical examination showed reduced mitochondrial complex I activity and mitochondrial membrane hyperpolarization in mitochondria from IDD rat pulmonary arteries. Along with upregulation of the glucose transporter, glucose transporter 1, and glycolytic genes, hk1 and pdk1, lung fluorine-18-labeled 2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose ligand uptake was significantly increased in IDD rats. The hemodynamic and pulmonary vascular remodeling were reversed by iron replacement (ferric carboxymaltose, 75 mg/kg) and attenuated in the presence of iron deficiency by dichloroacetate and imatinib, 2 putative treatments explored for pulmonary arterial hypertension that target aerobic glycolysis and proliferation, respectively.These data suggest a major role for iron in pulmonary vascular homeostasis and support the clinical evaluation of iron replacement in patients with pulmonary hypertension.
The „Standards of Care“ in Chronic C Hepatitis: Ethical Dilemma
Authors: A Trifan, C Stanciu
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Case: Mary, 27yrs, lawyer, mother of two, went to see her GP for fatigue and generalized weakness. No history of alcohol abuse or drug use. Her mother died with liver cirrhosis. The blood tests revealed VHC-antibodies and elevated ALT and she was referred to our unit for further investigations. Physical examination was normal, no hematologic abnormalities, VHC RNA=1.200.000 copies/ml, genotype 1b, upper GI endoscopy and abdominal ultrasound were normal. A liver biopsy was performed which showed mild histological disease (METAVIR stage F1). According to our „standards of care“ no antiviral treatment was recommended, and she was reassured that the prognosis was good, and advised to wait for better treatments; meanwhile, she would have laboratory monitoring. She did not accept our recommendation and argued that she was „well informed about better chances of response while was younger and with milder disease“, and we have the moral duty „to give me a chance“ as she was frightened to have the same „fate as my mother“.
Implication of MODEL of financing clinical research in breast cancer during the past two decades.
Authors: Yolanda Jerez, Sara Lopez-Tarruella, Ivan Marquez Rodas, Alberto Ocana, Sara Perez Ramirez, Isabel Echavarria Diaz Guardamino, Miriam Lobo de Mena, Gabriela Torres, Iria Gallego, Laura Ortega, Gonzalo Garcia, Ricardo Gonzalez del Val, Isabel Palomero, Tatiana Massarrah, Magdalena Esteban, Maria del Monte, Miguel Martin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e14046 Background: Treatment of breast cancer has changed importantly in the last twenty years due to the incorporation of new agents. How this research has been conducted and the funding source to support it, is unclear. In this study we evaluate parameters related to the design of clinical studies in relation to their funding source. Methods: A systematic search in MEDLINE, selecting randomized breast cancer clinical trials published between January 1990 and December 2010, was performed. Studies (phase II and III) evaluating chemotherapy (CT), hormonotherapy (HT) and targeted therapies were included in the analyses. Parameters related to the design of these studies including endpoints and clinical stage were also assessed. Results: From 2211 clinical trials, 472 articles were eligible, including 165 in the adjuvant and 267 in the metastatic setting. 22% adjuvant trials were supported by academy and 13% by industry (Ind). In the metastatic setting, 22% were sponsor by the academy (Ac) and 35% by Ind. H: 15% Ac trials versus 24 by Ind. Ch: 59% by Ac vs 48% by Ind. Sequential CT-HT: 19% vs 6%. Combination CT-biological treatment: 1% vs 9%. The most frequently main objective selected by authors was overall response rate (ORR), only 7% evaluated overall survival as main objective. 84% trials were published in first quartile journals (45 by Ac and 55% by Ind). Conclusions: Studies in the adjuvant setting are mainly supported by academic research in contrast with Ind which participates more in the advanced scenario. CT and sequential CT-HT were published most frequently by Ac versus HT and CT plus biological treatment by Ind. The main objective selected was ORR. Ind published more trials in high impact journals than Ac. In conclusion funding source influence in the development and evaluation of new drugs and the clinical scenario where they are developed. Academy (%) Industry (%) Adyuvant 104 (22) 63 (13)* Metastatic 104 (22) 163 (35)* Chemotherapy 134 (59) 118 (48)* Hormonotherapy 34 (15) 60 (24)* Chemo-hormono 43 (19) 14 (6)* Chemo-biological 2 (1) 23 (9) Published papers in first quartile 180/208 (52) 217/226 (96)* Chi quadrate analysis. *Statistical significance p<0,05.
Abstract 349: Regulation Of Key Metabolic Enzymes By Tristetraprolin
Authors: Marina Bayeva, Konrad Sawicki, Hossein Ardehali
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Introduction: Heart disease and stroke are the primary causes of death in adults with type-2 diabetes thus strict metabolic control is essential in these patients. Here, we show that tristetraprolin (TTP), a protein involved in regulation of inflammation and iron homeostasis via mRNA degradation, may alleviate diabetic phenotype through modulation of key enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis and fatty acid (FA) metabolism in insulin-sensitive tissues. Results: TTP protein content was significantly reduced in livers of diabetic mice fed high-fat diet compared to control, suggesting that mRNA targets of TTP may be stabilized in diabetes. We then assessed the effects of TTP knockdown using siRNA in HepG2 liver cells on the expression of enzymes in four major metabolic pathways: glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, FA oxidation and synthesis. Consistent with reduced TTP, we found increased expression of a key gluconeogenic regulator - pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4). In silico analysis of the 3’ untranslated region (UTR) of PDK4 revealed five putative TTP binding sites. Importantly, elevated PDK4 levels were previously reported in diabetic patients, and are thought to exacerbate the disease by increasing hepatic glucose output. Assessment of FA metabolism revealed increased levels of PPARα and two of its targets, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1) and fatty acid translocase (FAT). Consistent with increased FA flux, triglyceride levels were elevated with TTP siRNA in hepatocytes. In silico analysis revealed multiple well-conserved putative TTP-binding sites in the 3’UTR of PPARα, consistent with regulation by TTP. We also observed significant upregulation of PPARα and its targets in HL-1 cardiac cell line, indicating an overlapping function for TTP in insulin-sensitive tissues. Notably, cardiac-specific overexpression of PPARα was previously shown to cause a phenotype resembling diabetic cardiomyopathy, further suggesting that reduction of TTP in diabetes may exacerbate this disease. Conclusions: Our studies show that TTP is downregulated in diabetic mouse livers, and knockdown of this protein in hepatic and cardiac cells increases the levels of key metabolic enzymes, PDK4 and PPARα, both of which are implicated in diabetes and heart disease.
Determinants of success and sustainability of the WHO multimodal hand hygiene promotion campaign, Italy, 2007–2008 and 2014
Authors: Maria Luisa Moro, Filomena Morsillo, Simona Nascetti, Mita Parenti, Benedetta Allegranzi, Maria Grazia Pompa, Didier Pittet
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2017)

A national hand hygiene promotion campaign based on the World Health Organization (WHO) multimodal, Clean Care is Safer Care campaign was launched in Italy in 2007. One hundred seventy-five hospitals from 14 of 20 Italian regions participated. Data were collected using methods and tools provided by the WHO campaign, translated into Italian. Hand hygiene compliance, ward infrastructure, and healthcare workers' knowledge and perception of healthcare-associated infections and hand hygiene were evaluated before and after campaign implementation. Compliance data from the 65 hospitals returning complete data for all implementation tools were analysed using a multilevel approach. Overall, hand hygiene compliance increased in the 65 hospitals from 40% to 63% (absolute increase: 23%, 95% confidence interval: 22-24%). A wide variation in hand hygiene compliance among wards was observed; inter-ward variability significantly decreased after campaign implementation and the level of perception was the only item associated with this. Long-term sustainability in 48 of these 65 hospitals was assessed in 2014 using the WHO Hand Hygiene Self-Assessment Framework tool. Of the 48 hospitals, 44 scored in the advanced/intermediate categories of hand hygiene implementation progress. The median hand hygiene compliance achieved at the end of the 2007-2008 campaign appeared to be sustained in 2014.
Changes of reduced glutathione and glutathione S-transferase levels in colorectal cancer patients undergoing treatment
Authors: Edita Baltruskeviciene, Birute Kazbariene, Eduardas Aleknavicius, Aurelija Krikstaponiene, Kestutis Suziedelis, Eugenijus Stratilatovas, Janina Didziapetriene
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Endoscopic gallbladder stenting using a rendezvous technique for cholecystitis after metal stent placement in a patient with malignant hilar biliary stricture
Authors: Shigeru Horiguchi, Koichiro Tsutsumi, Hironari Kato, Hiroyuki Okada
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

A 75-year-old man was admitted with right hypochondralgia and high fever due to cholecystitis, concomitant with unresectable cholangiocarcinoma. He had undergone endoscopic partial stent-in-stent (PSIS) placement of triple self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) for jaundice due to a Bismuth type IV malignant hilar biliary stricture 11 months previously [1], and placement of plastic stents within the SEMSs for recurrent biliary obstruction 2 months previously, using a short double-balloon enteroscope (DBE; EI-B530, Fujifilm, Tokyo).
Alpha 1 Anti Trypsin Levels in Asymptomatic Patients with Abnormal Liver Function Tests
Authors: BJ Egan, S Sarwar, M Anwar, C O'Morain, B Ryan
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Aims: To retrospectively review alpha 1 antitrypsin levels (A 1AT) in asymptomatic patients with abnormal liver function tests (LFTs).
High prevalence of myeloid neoplasms in adults with non–Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Matthias Papo, Eli L. Diamond, Fleur Cohen-Aubart, Jean-François Emile, Damien Roos-Weil, Nishant Gupta, Benjamin H. Durham, Neval Ozkaya, Ahmet Dogan, Gary A. Ulaner, Raajit Rampal, Jean-Emmanuel Kahn, Thomas Sené, Frédéric Charlotte, Baptiste Hervier, Caroline Besnard, Olivier A. Bernard, Catherine Settegrana, Nathalie Droin, Zofia Hélias-Rodzewicz, Zahir Amoura, Omar Abdel-Wahab, Julien Haroche
Journal: Blood (2017)
BACCHUS: A randomised study of neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone in patients with high-risk locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Rob Glynne-Jones, Marcia Hall, Sarah Pearce, Sam Bosompem, John Bridgewater, Ian Chau, Harpreet Wasan, Brendan Moran, Sandra Beare, Andre Lopes, Nick West, Phil Quirke, Wai-Lup Wong, Mark Harrison
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Abstract P345: The Neuregulin Glial Growth Factor 2 (GGF2) Produces Sustained Improvement in Left Ventricular Function in Rats with Both Early and Established Heart Failure
Authors: Anindita Ganguly, Erika Troy, Maya Srinivas, Andrea Vecchione, Patrick Sarmiere, Tao Hu, Jennifer Iaci, Craig Hackett, Donald Button, Anthony Caggiano, Tom J Parry
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Neuregulin-1β is essential for fetal cardiac development and adult cardiac function. Previous reports indicate that neuregulins improve left ventricular function in heart failure models, however the duration of the functional improvements with early or late initiation of neuregulin treatment has not been characterized. The present studies examine the effects of early and delayed initiation of intravenous GGF2 treatment on left ventricular (LV) function in rats with myocardial infarction (MI). Rats underwent surgically-induced MI by left anterior coronary artery ligation. Treatment with vehicle or GGF2 (2.6 mg/kg) was initiated at 2 or 16 w post-MI and continued once or twice weekly or once every two weeks for the in-life duration of the study (approximately 40 weeks). LV function was assessed echocardiographically up to once weekly for the duration of the study. Early and delayed initiation of GGF2 treatment caused sustained and significant improvement (p &lt; 0.05) in both ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) in all regimens tested. The greatest improvements were seen with the once weekly dosing paradigm after early initiation (average EF (%) at 40 weeks post initiation of dosing: vehicle = 44.4 ± 6.0, n = 8 rats, vs. GGF2 = 64.7±6.1. n = 9 rats) and twice weekly dosing paradigm after delayed initiation (average EF (%) at 4 weeks post initiation of dosing: vehicle = 34.18±1.6, n = 7 rats, vs. GGF2 = 50.69±4.68, n = 7 rats). In addition, LV function improved when rats were re-challenged with GGF2 following an extended wash out period. This observation indicates potential efficacy for treatment paradigms that utilize intermittent dosing. These findings suggest that GGF2 produces sustained improvement in LV function after early or delayed initiation of treatment following MI in rats.
Maximizing the Clinical Benefit of Anthracyclines in Addition to Taxanes in the Adjuvant Treatment of Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Giuseppe Curigliano, Carmen Criscitiello
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors' suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology, to patients seen in their own clinical practice. A healthy 56-year-old postmenopausal woman discovered a palpable mass at the one o'clock position of the left breast. After an initial biopsy confirmed breast cancer, she underwent mastectomy and axillary node dissection for a left-sided breast cancer that measured 3.5 cm. There was extensive lymphovascular invasion. Pathology review indicated a poorly differentiated, grade 3 invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ (largest focus, 3.5 cm). The margins were negative. Two of the 11 axillary lymph nodes contained metastatic carcinoma. Immunohistochemical studies previously obtained on the core biopsy indicated that the tumor was positive for estrogen receptor expression (50%), negative for progesterone receptor expression, and had a Ki-67 score of 60%. There was no amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/ neu gene. Staging scans were negative for metastatic disease. Our multidisciplinary tumor board recommended adjuvant chemotherapy, postmastectomy radiation therapy, and endocrine therapy. A 52-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with a palpable mass of the right breast. An initial core biopsy confirmed carcinoma in the breast. She underwent quadrantectomy and axillary node dissection. The final pathology report disclosed a moderately differentiated invasive ductal carcinoma (diameter, 2.5 cm). The margins were negative. None of the three sentinel lymph nodes contained metastatic carcinoma. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the tumor was positive for estrogen receptor expression (90%) and for progesterone receptor expression (40%) and had a Ki-67 score of 20%. There was no amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/ neu gene. Staging scans were negative for metastatic disease. A genomic assay was obtained and suggested an intermediate to high risk of recurrence. Her past medical history was notable for hypertension and moderately overweight status (body mass index, 39 kg/m2). Our multidisciplinary tumor board recommended adjuvant chemotherapy, postsurgical radiation therapy, and endocrine therapy.
Location characteristics of early gastric cancer treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Woong Choi Cheol, Hwan Kang Dae, Wook Kim Hyung, Jin Kim Su, Seok Nam Hyeong, Seok Lee Jeong, Jin Kim Hyeong, Eok Jo Il, Jae Lee Yong, Gon Ryu Dae
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)