tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mini Review of TiO<sub>2</sub>‐Based Multifunctional Nanocomposites for Near‐Infrared Light–Responsive Phototherapy
Authors: Meifang Wang, Zhiyao Hou, Abdulaziz A. Al Kheraif, Bengang Xing, Jun Lin
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)

Abstract Phototherapy with the properties of specific spatial/temporal selectivity and minimal invasiveness has been acknowledged as one of the most promising cancer therapy types. Among all the photoactive substance for phototherapy, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanomaterials are paid more and more attention due to their outstanding photocatalytic properties, prominent biocompatibility, and excellent chemical stability. However, the wide bandgap (3.0–3.2 eV) of TiO 2 limits its absorption only to the ultraviolet (UV) light region. For a long time, UV light–stimulated TiO 2 was applied in the phototherapy researches of tumors located in the skin layer, while it is unsatisfactory for most deep‐tissue tumors. Due to the maximum penetration into tissue existing in the near‐infrared (NIR) region, how to use NIR light to trigger photochemical reaction of TiO 2 remains a big challenge. In this review, two strategies to develop and construct NIR‐triggered TiO 2 ‐based nanocomposites (NCs) for phototherapy are summarized, and the relevant mechanism and background knowledge of TiO 2 ‐based phototherapy are also given in order to better understand the application value and current situation of TiO 2 in phototherapy. Finally, the challenges and research directions of TiO 2 in the future clinic phototherapy application are also discussed.
Abstract 357: Role of Combinatorial Extracellular Matrix Proteins in Modulating Endothelial Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Luqia Hou, Joseph Kim, John Coller, Vanita Natu, Ngan Huang
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived endothelial cells (iPSC-ECs) are promising for promoting angiogenesis in patients with cardiovascular disease, but a critical bottleneck is the ability to generate iPSC-ECs at high yields. Since endothelial cells physiologically interact with a milieu of basement membrane extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, we aimed to examine the role of combinatorial ECMs in modulating endothelial differentiation using engineered ECM microenvironments. ECMs consisting of (gelatin (G), fibronectin (F), laminin (L), heparan sulfate proteoglycan (H), collagen IV (C), matrigel (M)) and the multi-component combinations thereof were conjugated onto glass slides to generate ECM microarrays composed of 63 unique combinatorial ECMs. Human iPSCs were differentiated on the ECM microarray for 5 days, and differentiation was quantified based on the degree of CD31 staining. Heat map analysis of CD31expression was significantly higher on G+M+L, compared to other combinations across 2 iPSC lines (Figure). RT-PCR further confirmed the upregulation in endothelial markers CD31 (&gt;2-fold) and VE-cadherin (&gt; 4-fold) when differentiated on G+M+L, compared to other ECMs. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, upregulation of endothelial genes were associated with upregulation of integrins (α1, α4, α5, αV, β1, β3, and β4) during the differentiation process. This data suggests a role of ECM-mediated integrin expression in modulating endothelial differentiation. Together, this data suggested that combinatorial ECMs differentially promote endothelial differentiation, in part through integrin-mediated pathways.
Abstract 18293: Temporal Comparison of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a Porcine Model of Untreated Ventricular Fibrillation
Authors: Kadambari Chandra Shekar, Timothy R Matsuura, Jason A Bartos, Scott H McKnite, Jennifer N Rees, Demetris Yannopoulos
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  The ability of a heart in ventricular fibrillation (VF) to achieve return of spontaneous circulation depends on the bioenergetic state of the cardiomyocytes and the capability of the mitochondria to respire and produce ATP. Our goal was to investigate the temporal effect on cardiac mitochondrial respiration, calcium retention capacity and ATP synthesis during prolonged untreated VF.   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized that the ability of cardiac mitochondria to respire, tolerate calcium stress and produce ATP is preserved during prolonged untreated VF of up to 30 minutes.   Methods:  Anaesthetized and intubated female pigs (n=7) were used to compare the mitochondrial function of isolated mitochondria and the bioenergetics of cardiac left ventricular (LV) tissue over time. VF was induced using a temporary pacing wire. Serial heart biopsies were taken at minutes 5, 10, 15 and 30, and were randomized to be taken consecutively from either base or apex. Cardiac mitochondria were isolated via differential centrifugation. Isolated mitochondrial respiration, calcium retention capacity and ATP synthesis were assessed using complex 1 (Pyruvate + Malate) and complex 2 (Rotenone + Succinate). For controls, data from seven naive (non-ischemic non-fibrillating) hearts were utilized from a different group of animals. Results were analyzed by one way ANOVA and p   Results:  The effect of time on a fibrillating heart of up to 15 minutes does not impair the cardiac mitochondria to respire effectively and produce ATP (Table 1). Mitochondrial function until minute 15 of untreated VF is effectively similar to naive hearts. Mitochondrial functional state decreases after 30 minutes of untreated VF.   Conclusion:  Our results indicate that cardiac mitochondrial function and ability to respire and produce ATP remains intact for up to 15 minutes of untreated VF. Mitochondrial function appears compromised after 30 minutes of global ischemia and no flow.
Did Our Species Evolve in Subdivided Populations across Africa, and Why Does It Matter?
Authors: Eleanor M.L. Scerri, Mark G. Thomas, Andrea Manica, Philipp Gunz, Jay T. Stock, Chris Stringer, Matt Grove, Huw S. Groucutt, Axel Timmermann, G. Philip Rightmire, Francesco d’Errico, Christian A. Tryon, Nick A. Drake, Alison S. Brooks, Robin W. Dennell, Richard Durbin, Brenna M. Henn, Julia Lee-Thorp, Peter deMenocal, Michael D. Petraglia, Jessica C. Thompson, Aylwyn Scally, Lounès Chikhi
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2018)

We challenge the view that our species, Homo sapiens, evolved within a single population and/or region of Africa. The chronology and physical diversity of Pleistocene human fossils suggest that morphologically varied populations pertaining to the H. sapiens clade lived throughout Africa. Similarly, the African archaeological record demonstrates the polycentric origin and persistence of regionally distinct Pleistocene material culture in a variety of paleoecological settings. Genetic studies also indicate that present-day population structure within Africa extends to deep times, paralleling a paleoenvironmental record of shifting and fractured habitable zones. We argue that these fields support an emerging view of a highly structured African prehistory that should be considered in human evolutionary inferences, prompting new interpretations, questions, and interdisciplinary research directions.
Abstract 5346: Recurrent genomic copy alterations deregulate the transcriptome and key signaling networks in head and neck cancer cell lines and tumors with worse prognosis
Authors: Hui Cheng, Xinping Yang, Han Si, Anthony Saleh, Wenming Xiao, Jamie Coupar, Susanne M. Gollin, Robert L. Ferris, Natalia Issaeva, Wendell G. Yarbrough, Mark E. Prince, Thomas E. Carey, Carter Van Waes, Zhong Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Human cancer cell lines have been important tools for biological and preclinical investigation, and establishing their relationship to genomic alterations and subtypes found in tumors could further accelerate functional and therapeutic discoveries. We conducted an integrated analysis of the genomic and transcriptomic profiles of 15 human papillomavirus negative (HPV−) and 11 HPV(+) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) lines, to identify models of important molecular subtypes uncovered among 279 HNSCC tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We developed analytic approaches to detect copy number alterations (CNAs) driving altered expression and predict deleterious mutations in HNSCC lines for comparison with TCGA. Strikingly, HNSCC lines displayed recurrent amplifications on chromosomes 3q22-29, 5p15, 11q13/22, and 8p11 that drive increased expression of a cluster of ~100 mRNAs encoding multiple known and understudied candidate oncogenes. These CNAs, together with loss and under-expression or mutations of putative tumor suppressor genes, recapitulate genomic alterations found in more aggressive HNSCC tumor subtypes. Among these, concurrent 3q26.3 amplification and TP53 mutation in HPV(−) HNSCCs is associated with worse overall survival. Common and distinctive CNAs, transcriptome, and mutations converge on biologically and therapeutically important signal pathways and functions in HNSCCs differing in HPV status, including PI3K, Hippo, TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenin, TP63, TP53/death, cell cycle/mitosis, stemness/differentiation, chromatin remodelling/DNA replication, post-transcriptional regulation, and mitochondrial biosynthesis. Our findings elucidate and validate genomic alterations underpinning numerous discoveries made with historic and recently derived HNSCC lines, and provide valuable models for future preclinical and therapeutic studies in subsets of HNSCCs with worse prognosis. Supported by NIDCD/NIH intramural projects ZIA-DC-000073, ZIA-DC-000074. This work utilized the computational resources of the NIH HPC Biowulf cluster. (http://hpc.nih.gov) Citation Format: Hui Cheng, Xinping Yang, Han Si, Anthony Saleh, Wenming Xiao, Jamie Coupar, Susanne M. Gollin, Robert L. Ferris, Natalia Issaeva, Wendell G. Yarbrough, Mark E. Prince, Thomas E. Carey, Carter Van Waes, Zhong Chen. Recurrent genomic copy alterations deregulate the transcriptome and key signaling networks in head and neck cancer cell lines and tumors with worse prognosis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5346.
Abstract 485: A Mouse Model of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Reveals High Frequencies of Heterotaxy and Complex Congenital Heart Defects
Authors: Serena Y Tan, Linda Leatherbury, Julie Rosenthal, Xiao-Qing Zhao, Cecilia W Lo
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Specification of left-right asymmetry is essential for formation of the four chamber heart and separate systemic and pulmonary circulation. Previous studies suggest monocilia at the embryonic node is required for left-right patterning. This patterning is perturbed in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) where situs defects and bronchiectasis are observed, often due to ciliary dysfunction arising from dynein mutations. Most PCD patients exhibit situs solitus or situs inversus totalis, but heterotaxy with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) appears to be rare, reported as 6%. We recovered a mouse mutation in dynein Mdnah5 that disrupts ciliary function. Homozygote mutants exhibit situs phenotypes consistent with PCD in humans. To assess the frequency of CHD associated with PCD, we harvested16 litters of embryos. All wildtype and heterozygous offspring (89) showed normal body situs. Of the 21 (19%) homozygous mutants obtained, 6 had situs solitus, 7 situs inversus and 8 heterotaxy, with heterotaxy being any situs deviation in the cardiac, pulmonary or visceral anatomy. Of the heterotaxic embryos, 3 had levo and 5 dextrocardia. Histology and 3D reconstruction showed 7 of the heterotaxy embryos had complex CHD, which included atrial isomerism, superior-inferior ventricles (Figure ), malposition of the great arteries, AV cushion defects, and azygous continuation of the inferior vena cava. These results show a much higher frequency of heterotaxy and complex CHD than previously reported for PCD (38% vs. 6%), suggesting PCD patients should be screened for CHD. The high incidence of CHD associated with PCD indicates ciliary function may have other roles in cardiovascular patterning.
NOVEL USE OF A BALLOON DILATATION CATHETER TO ENABLE MECHANICAL LITHOTRIPSY OF DIFFICULT COMMON BILE DUCT STONES AFTER INITIAL FAILED ATTEMPT
Authors: WL Loh, SS Ngoi, J Tung, T Tan, LT Tan
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

To utilise a through-the-scope (TTS) dilator to increase working space within the common bile duct in the setting of large and multiple stones, to allow for the full deployment of a mechanical lithotriptor.
Topical glycopyrronium tosylate for the treatment of primary axillary hyperhidrosis: Results from the ATMOS-1 and ATMOS-2 phase 3 randomized controlled trials
Authors: Dee Anna Glaser, Adelaide A. Hebert, Alexander Nast, William P. Werschler, Lawrence Green, Richard Mamelok, Janice Drew, John Quiring, David M. Pariser
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2018)

Glycopyrronium tosylate (GT) is a topical anticholinergic developed for once-daily treatment of primary axillary hyperhidrosis.Assess the efficacy and safety of GT for primary axillary hyperhidrosis.ATMOS-1 and ATMOS-2 were replicate randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, 4-week phase 3 trials. Patients were randomized 2:1 to GT 3.75% or vehicle applied once daily to each axilla for 4 weeks. Coprimary endpoints were responder rate (≥4-point improvement from baseline) on item 2 (severity of sweating) of the Axillary Sweating Daily Diary (ASDD), which is a newly developed patient-reported outcome measure, and absolute change from baseline in axillary gravimetric sweat production at week 4. Safety evaluation included treatment-emergent adverse events.Pooled data, which are consistent with the individual trial results, show that significantly more GT-treated patients achieved an ASDD-Item 2 response than did those treated with vehicle (59.5% vs 27.6%), and they had reduced sweat production from baseline (-107.6 mg/5 min vs -92.1 mg/5 min) at week 4 (P < .001 for both coprimary end points). Most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild or moderate and infrequently led to discontinuation.Short trial duration and inherent challenges in gravimetrically assessing sweat production.GT applied topically on a daily basis over 4 weeks reduced the severity of sweating as measured by ASDD-Item 2, reduced sweat production as measured gravimetrically, and was generally well tolerated in patients with primary axillary hyperhidrosis.
Adding Value to the Conversation About Colorectal Cancer Screening: Practical Pearls For Gastroenterologists
Authors: Jennifer K. Maratt, Keith Naylor, Sameer D. Saini
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2018)

More often than not, colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is squarely in the domain of primary care. As gastroenterologists, we occasionally may encounter the patient who has never been screened (or offered a screening test), but this is becoming less common in our increasingly integrated health care system in which evidence-based preventive care is strongly incentivized. Moreover, our primary care colleagues bring substantial expertise in the optimal delivery of preventive services, routinely weighing the pros and cons of prevention in the context of individual health in patients who they have often followed for decades. However, as experts, we also have unique responsibilities. One such responsibility is advocacy. As professionals who have dedicated our careers to diagnosing and treating gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, it is only natural that we seek to promote long-term GI health, particularly for a prevalent and morbid condition such as CRC. However, we also are disease experts and scientists. In this context, how can we as gastroenterologists bring added value to this space beyond simple advocacy? What are the salient knowledge gaps and nuances when it comes to screening? Here, we present several key points to consider when talking to our patients and our colleagues.
Delayed Adoption of Evidence-Based Breast Cancer Surgical Practices
Authors: Sara H. Javid, Benjamin O. Anderson
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Enhancer hubs and loop collisions identified from single-allele topologies
Authors: Amin Allahyar, Carlo Vermeulen, Britta A. M. Bouwman, Peter H. L. Krijger, Marjon J. A. M. Verstegen, Geert Geeven, Melissa van Kranenburg, Mark Pieterse, Roy Straver, Judith H. I. Haarhuis, Kees Jalink, Hans Teunissen, Ivo J. Renkens, Wigard P. Kloosterman, Benjamin D. Rowland, Elzo de Wit, Jeroen de Ridder, Wouter de Laat
Journal: Nature Genetics (2018)
硬膜外麻醉和止痛：大手术后的结果是否会更好？—肯定的证据越来越多
Authors: 王宇欣
Journal: BMJ (2001)

大手术可导致围手术期明显的生理改变 ,突出表现为交感 肾上腺和其他神经内分泌活动增加以及细胞因子的产生增多。由于硬膜外麻醉能够减弱这种手术的“应激反应” ,与全身性应用阿片类药相比 ,它提高了术后止痛的效果并能加快肠道功能的恢复。有人提出 ,在硬膜外麻醉 (不论单独应用还是与全身麻醉联合应用 )下进行手术 ,与单独用全身麻醉相比 ,可以减少围手术期的发病率和死亡率1。的确 ,在一项对高危病人进行血管大手术的研究中 ,全麻 硬膜外联合麻醉并术后硬膜外止痛的病人与单独应用全身麻醉并术后全身性应用阿片类药止痛的病人相比较 ,前者心脏并发症的发病率明显降低2 。遗憾的是 ,后来的研究没能证实这一发
Remission of Spontaneous Canine Tumors after Systemic Cellular Viroimmunotherapy
Authors: Teresa Cejalvo, Ana Judith Perisé-Barrios, Isabel del Portillo, Eduardo Laborda, Miguel A. Rodriguez-Milla, Isabel Cubillo, Fernando Vázquez, David Sardón, Manuel Ramirez, Ramon Alemany, Noemí del Castillo, Javier García-Castro
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Dogs with spontaneous tumors treated in veterinary hospitals offer an excellent opportunity for studying immunotherapies, including oncolytic viruses. Oncolytic viruses have advanced into the clinic as an intratumorally administered therapeutic; however, intravenous delivery has been hindered by neutralization in the blood. To circumvent this hurdle, mesenchymal stem cells have been used as a "Trojan horse." Here, we present the treatment of 27 canine patients with cancer with canine mesenchymal stem cells infected with ICOCAV17, a canine oncolytic adenovirus. No significant adverse effects were found. The response rate was 74%, with 14.8% showing complete responses, including total remissions of lung metastasis. We detected virus infection, stromal degeneration, and immune cell infiltration in tumor biopsies after 4 weeks of treatment. The increased presence of antiadenoviral antibodies in the peripheral blood of treated dogs did not appear to prevent the clinical benefit of this therapy. These data indicate that oncolytic viruses loaded in mesenchymal stem cells represent an effective cancer immunotherapy. Significance: The classical clinical limitations of antitumoral viroimmunotherapy can be overcome by use of mesenchymal stem cells. Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/17/4891/F1.large.jpg. Cancer Res; 78(17); 4891–901. ©2018 AACR.
Persistent depression doubles stroke risk despite treatment, study finds
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Persistent depression is associated with twice the risk of stroke in adults over 50, a study reported in the Journal of the American Heart Association has shown.

Researchers interviewed 16 178 people every two years from 1998 to 2010 and assessed their symptoms of stroke and depression.1 All of the participants were taking part in the Health and Retirement Study, a longitudinal study investigating health and personal finances in people over …
POSSIBLE INFLUENCING FACTORS OF BOWEL CLEANLINESS DURING COLONOSCOPY
Authors: I Iozsef, O Ilyés, P Miheller, AV Patai
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Many independent factors can lead to inadequate colon cleanliness which can cause difficulty in observing lesions during colonoscopy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bowel preparation level using Boston bowel preparation scale (BBPS) in patients with different possible influencing factors.
Drug nanorods are potential new nanocarriers for intracellular protein delivery
Authors: Weiping Gao, Mengmeng Sun
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Protein therapeutics are increasingly important for the treatment of many diseases; however, intracellular protein delivery remains a considerable challenge. To address this challenge, drug nanorods have emerged as new nanocarriers for enhanced intracellular protein delivery via bypassing endo-lysosomes, which was called a "drug-delivering-drug platform".
FUNCTIONAL ENDOSCOPY IN NEUROGENIC DYSPHAGIA
Authors: J Rückert, P Lenz, H Heinzow, F Lenze, I Suttrup, R Dziewas, T Warnecke, J Wessling, I Herrmann, D Domagk
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Due to demographic transition, neurogenic dysphagia has become an increasingly recognized problem. Patients suffering from dysphagia often get caught between different clinical disciplines. This dilemma might be due to a lack of pathophysiological knowledge and an inability to directly visualize the esophageal phase of deglutition. In this study, we tried to implement a defined examination protocol for functional endoscopy in patients with neurogenic dysphagia [NCT01995929].
Abstract 5335: Discordant T Wave and Mechanical Alternans in Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Role of Late Sodium Current
Authors: Donglin Guo, Ying Wu, Tengxian Liu, Lin Wu, Peter R Kowey, Gan-Xin Yan
Journal: Circulation (2008)

T wave alternans (TWA) heralds the onset of malignant ventricular arrhythmias in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and failure. We tested whether enhanced late sodium current (INa-L) in LVH causes...
Cold-induced epigenetic programming of the sperm enhances brown adipose tissue activity in the offspring
Authors: Wenfei Sun, Hua Dong, Anton S. Becker, Dianne H. Dapito, Salvatore Modica, Gerald Grandl, Lennart Opitz, Vissarion Efthymiou, Leon G. Straub, Gitalee Sarker, Miroslav Balaz, Lucia Balazova, Aliki Perdikari, Elke Kiehlmann, Sara Bacanovic, Caroline Zellweger, Daria Peleg-Raibstein, Pawel Pelczar, Wolf Reik, Irene A. Burger, Ferdinand von Meyenn, Christian Wolfrum
Journal: Nature Medicine (2018)
Tratamiento por CPRE de la disfunción del esfínter de Oddi post-colecistectomía sin manometría previa
Authors: J García-Cano Lizcano, M Viñuelas Chicano, C Murillo Matamoros, M Muñiz Muñoz, M Del Moral, L Valiente González, T Martínez Pérez, R Martínez Fernández, CJ Gómez Ruiz, J Morillas Ariño
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

La disfunción del esfínter de Oddi (DEO) tras colecistectomía engloba a un grupo heterogéneo de pacientes con dolor abdominal biliar o pancreático atribuido a alteraciones motoras (disquinesia) o a estenosis papilar benigna. En la patogenia puede intervenir el espasmo del esfínter tras aumentar la presión coledociana de bilis, una vez que la vesícula ya no actúa como reservorio, junto con inflamación de la zona esfinteriana que produce papilitis.