tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 19932: A Neuroimmune Drive Activates Plgf to Control an Epigenetic Mechanism in the Spleen That Allows T Cells Activation in Hypertension
Authors: Daniela Carnevale, Roberta Iacobucci, Fabio Pallante, Valentina Fardella, Stefania Fardella, Massimiliano De Lucia, Giuseppe Lembo
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction and Hypothesis: In the past several years, there has been mounting interest in the roles played by immunity in hypertension. However, where and how the immune system gets activated under hypertensive stimuli to contribute to hypertension, is still enigmatic. The activation of effector T cells in hypertension suggests that antigen presentation by a specialized subset of innate cells represents an important component that participates in this process. In particular, it has been recently shown that T cell costimulation by B7 ligands is an important mechanism in the development of hypertension. Methods and Results: Here we demonstrate a novel splenic mechanism driven by Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) and regulating T cells costimulation in AngII-induced hypertension. We have found that PlGF is necessary to allow CD86 expression, crucial in AngII hypertension. Moreover, we show that this effect is exerted by a Sirt1-dependent epigenetic modulation of Timp3 expression in splenic macrophages, obtained by controlling p53 repressor activity on its promoter. Since the brain plays a pivotal role in AngII-induced hypertension and it is known that a selective removal of sympathetic innervation to the splanchnic district, obtained by celiac ganglionectomy (CGX), markedly attenuated hypertension, we looked whether the early induction of splenic PlGF upon AngII could be mediated by a nervous drive. Indeed, when we performed CGX in WT mice, splenic PlGF was markedly reduced, thus demonstrating that is is activated by Ang-II induced SNS overactivity. Importantly, we show that this neuroimmune mechanism driven by PlGF is crucial for the onset of hypertension, since PlGF KO mice display a clear-cut protection from the typical AngII-hypertensive response and from T cells infiltration in vessels and kidneys. Finally, chimeric mice generated by spleen transplantation (PlGF KO spleen in WT background and vice versa), allowed us to finally demonstrate that PlGF is indispensable in the spleen for the onset of hypertension. Conclusions: Summarizing, our study brought to light both how important the neuroimmune drive in the spleen is in the genesis of hypertension and, at same time, unveil that PlGF is the molecular pathway recruited in the spleen to control BP raising.
Abstract 16791: Oral Administration of Synthetic Prostacyclin Agonist Ono-1301 Prevents Deterioration of Cardiac Performance by Preserving Cardiac Structural Proteins in the Delta-sarcoglycan-deficient Hamster: Promising Treatment for Patients With DCM
Authors: Shigeru Miyagawa, Yoshiki Sakai, Satsuki Fukushima, Shigeo Masuda, Atsuhiro Saito, Koichi Toda, Yoshiki Sawa
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Although drugs such as beta blockers are reported to be effective for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), they are only effective in selected patients, and new therapeutics based on different mechanisms are still needed. We hypothesized that synthetic prostacyclin agonist (ONO-1301) would preserve the structural proteins in distressed cardiomyocytes, thus attenuating the deterioration of cardiac performance in the delta sarcoglycan-deficient hamster. Methods and Results: In an in vitro study, ONO-1301 was added to the culture medium of non-myocyte cells and the expression of several cytokines including VEGF was examined by ELISA. For the in vivo study, ONO-1301 (A: 3, n=5, B: 1, n=6, C: 0.3, n=7, D: 0.1 mg/kg/dose, n=7) was orally administered to delta-sarcoglycan-deficient hamsters every day from 8 to 20 weeks after birth. The control group (n=6) was untreated. Functional performance was evaluated by US before, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after administration of ONO-1301. A histological analysis focusing on basement-membrane structural proteins, such as α-sarcoglycan, β-sarcoglycan, and α-dystroglycan, fibrosis, and hypertrophy was performed. In vitro, ONO-1301 enhanced the cytokine expressions dose dependently. In vivo, systolic function (EF) was gradually increased in the ONO-1301-treated groups, while it showed significant deterioration in the control group (45.7±2.9, 42.0±2.6, 32.3±1.0, 30.3±2.5, 26.3±2.7%, in groups A, B, C, D, and control, respectively, P&lt;0.05). ONO-1301 also significantly attenuated the LV dilatation in a dose-dependent manner. Immunostaining revealed that all the cardiac structural proteins were preserved in the basement membrane of cardiomyocytes in the 3.0 mg/kg ONO-1301 treatment group, while they disappeared in the control. The % fibrosis and cell hypertrophy were significantly attenuated in the ONO-1301-treated group compared with the control. Conclusions: Oral administration of synthetic prostacyclin agonists, which can enhance cytokine expressions in non-myocyte cells, may preserve cardiac structural proteins in the delta sarcoglycan-deficient hamster, to maintain cardiac performance. This promising drug may inhibit the progression of the disease pathology in DCM, prolonging their life.
GW29-e0919 Effect of High-Intensity Interval Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Patients With Advanced Dilated Cardiomyopath
Authors: Qingan Jiang, Tao Xu, Hua Shu, Tingchun Wu, Jing Lv, Li Yang, Yanqun Yang, Yan Zhang, Qingan Jiang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Meta-analysis of LDL-C Lowering and Mortality
Authors: Edward K. Duran, Nancy R. Cook, Paul M. Ridker
Journal: JAMA (2018)

To The Editor In a meta-analysis by Dr Navarese and colleagues concerning low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and mortality after LDL-C lowering,1 we identified several potential errors related to trials conducted by our research group.
Abstract 17982: Electronic Cigarette Use Prevalence and Pattern by Cigarette Smoking Status Among United States Adults: Findings From NHANES 2013-2014
Authors: Rana M Jaber, Anshul Saxena, khurram Nasir, Mohammadhassan Mirbolouk, Wasim Maziak, Andrew DeFilippis, Michael Michael Blaha, Ron Blankstein
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The aim of the current study is to detail a) frequency of e-cigarette (eCig), b) association with socio-demographic characteristics in a nationally representative sample of adults in ...
Genomic Analysis of Lassa Virus during an Increase in Cases in Nigeria in 2018
Authors: Katherine J. Siddle, Philomena Eromon, Kayla G. Barnes, Samar Mehta, Judith U. Oguzie, Ikponmwosa Odia, Stephen F. Schaffner, Sarah M. Winnicki, Rickey R. Shah, James Qu, Shirlee Wohl, Patrick Brehio, Christopher Iruolagbe, John Aiyepada, Eghosa Uyigue, Patience Akhilomen, Grace Okonofua, Simon Ye, Tolulope Kayode, Fehintola Ajogbasile, Jessica Uwanibe, Amy Gaye, Mambu Momoh, Bridget Chak, Dylan Kotliar, Amber Carter, Adrianne Gladden-Young, Catherine A. Freije, Omigie Omoregie, Blessing Osiemi, Ekene B. Muoebonam, Michael Airende, Rachael Enigbe, Benevolence Ebo, Iguosadolo Nosamiefan, Paul Oluniyi, Mahan Nekoui, Ephraim Ogbaini-Emovon, Robert F. Garry, Kristian G. Andersen, Daniel J. Park, Nathan L. Yozwiak, George Akpede, Chikwe Ihekweazu, Oyewale Tomori, Sylvanus Okogbenin, Onikepe A. Folarin, Peter O. Okokhere, Bronwyn L. MacInnis, Pardis C. Sabeti, Christian T. Happi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

During 2018, an unusual increase in Lassa fever cases occurred in Nigeria, raising concern among national and international public health agencies. We analyzed 220 Lassa virus genomes from infected patients, including 129 from the 2017-2018 transmission season, to understand the viral populations underpinning the increase. A total of 14 initial genomes from 2018 samples were generated at Redeemer's University in Nigeria, and the findings were shared with the Nigerian Center for Disease Control in real time. We found that the increase in cases was not attributable to a particular Lassa virus strain or sustained by human-to-human transmission. Instead, the data were consistent with ongoing cross-species transmission from local rodent populations. Phylogenetic analysis also revealed extensive viral diversity that was structured according to geography, with major rivers appearing to act as barriers to migration of the rodent reservoir.
GW29-e1352 Unipolar electrogram based quantitative criteria improves specificity for predicting arrhythmogenic site in focal idiopathic outflow tract ventricular arrhythmia mapping and ablation
Authors: Guodong Niu, Tianjie Feng, Ni Suo, Jinxuan Lin, Yan Yao, Shu Zhang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Induction chemotherapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer
Authors: G. Harada, R.R.D.C.C. Bonadio, F.C.C. de Araújo, C.R. Victor, F.R. Takeda, R.A.A. Sallum, U.R. Junior, I. Cecconello, T.B. de Castria
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
FRI0238 Efficacy and safety of loxoprofen in acute low back pain
Authors: J Natour, E Puertas, A Radu, M Freire, R Bonfiglioli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most frequent and effective prescribed medication to treat patients with low back pain (LBP) but are associated with a high incidence of GI adverse events. Loxoprofen sodium, a NSAID prodrug from phenylpropionic group, claimed to have lesser GI and renal toxicity, has a large clinical experience in Japan, but its use in occidental people is scarce. Thus, it was conducted a clinical trial with Loxoprofen in the treatment of acute LBP in comparison with diclofenac K, using a validated assessment questionnaire for monitoring the outcome. <h3>Objectives</h3> Objective of this double blind, randomised, controlled, multicentre study was compare efficacy and safety of Loxoprofen with that of diclofenac in the treatment of acute LBP. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients of both gender, aged &gt;18 years, with non-specific lumbar pain complying with exclusion criteria were admitted to the study. After the informed consent, patients were randomly allocated into the treatment groups – Loxoprofen 60 mg t.i.d. (LOX) or diclofenac 50 mg t.i.d. (DIC). Duration of treatment was 2 weeks. Patients were evaluated at pre-treatment and weekly during therapy for the following parameters: overall severity of symptoms; pain at rest, on pressure, and on movement using a visual analogue scale (VAS); physical examination (Schober and lateral flexion indexes, finger-floor distance); physician and patient global impression; side-effects; and Roland-Morris Questionnaire for LBP duly validated to Brazilian patients. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 96 patients were treated in 5 centres ? 47 with LOX (19 M and 28 F), and 49 with DIC (16 M and 33 F). There was no significant difference between groups. 83% of cases were classified as acute in LOX; in DIC, 57% of cases were acute, 29% were sub acute and 14% recurrent. Severity of symptoms, pain (at rest, on movement, and on pressure), and objectives indexes showed statistically significant improvements compared with baseline (p &lt; 0.001 ? chi square) with both treatments; there were no statistically significance differences between groups. Roland-Morris Questionnaire showed a good correlation with evolution of symptoms. 14 patients in LOX reported adverse events, being 12 GI effects (25.5%), and 23 patients in DIC, with 18 GI effects (36.7%) (p &lt; 0.001). Epigastralgia was the most prevalent GI event reported. Four patients in LOX and 7 in DIC discontinued therapy due to GI adverse events. Tolerability assessments were classified as both very good and good in 97% in LOX and in 90% in DIC (p &lt; 0.05). Physician and patient overall assessment were &gt;95% as either very good or good in both groups (n.s.). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Loxoprofen 60 mg, t.i.d., showed efficacy and excellent tolerability and safety in acute low back pain, superior to that of an established NSAID, diclofenac 50 mg, t.i.d. Rolland-Morris Questionnaire was a useful tool to assess the disease outcome.
Reversal of Acute Liver Failure Due to Wilson Disease by a Regimen of High‐Volume Plasma Exchange and Penicillamine
Authors: Jakob Damsgaard, Fin Stolze Larsen, Henriette Ytting
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

1Department of HepatologyRigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark * Address Correspondence and Reprint Requests to: Henriette Ytting, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Hepatology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark E‐mail: [email protected] Tel: +1‐45‐35458656
First-line (1L) or second-line (2L) avelumab monotherapy in patients (pts) with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) enrolled in the phase Ib JAVELIN solid tumor trial
Authors: U.N. Vaishampayan, P. Schöffski, A. Ravaud, C. Borel, T. Song, S. Guenther, J. Grewal, J. Gulley
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Abstract 11550: Underutilization of Anticoagulation for Stroke Prevention among 5,000 Consecutive Hospitalized Atrial Fibrillation Patients
Authors: Gregory Piazza, Shelley Hurwitz, Lindsay Harrigan, Kathryn Jenkins, Benjamin Hohlfelder, John Fanikos, Goldhaber Z Samuel
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Failure to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an increasingly important patient safety concern. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that anticoagulation would be underutilized in hospitalized patients with AF at our tertiary care referral center. Methods: 5,000 consecutive patients hospitalized at Brigham and Women’s Hospital between May 2008 and September 2014 with nonvalvular AF were identified and evaluated. Results: All-cause mortality at 90 days was 5.4%. The frequencies of death between hospital discharge and Day 90 were higher in patients who were not prescribed anticoagulation at discharge (7.1% vs. 2.8%, p &lt; 0.0001). Anticoagulation prescription at discharge was associated with a 60% reduction in death between discharge and Day 90, after adjustment for confounding factors. Anticoagulation was prescribed at discharge to 61.6% of patients with a CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score of at least 1 (Figure). The most frequent reasons for omitting anticoagulation were bleeding risk and peri-operative state. Conclusions: Prescription of anticoagulation was lower than expected in patients with AF during hospitalization and at discharge. Patients with AF who were not prescribed anticoagulation at discharge had an increased risk of death at 90 days.
Distinct Effector B Cells Induced by Unregulated Toll-like Receptor 7 Contribute to Pathogenic Responses in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Scott A. Jenks, Kevin S. Cashman, Esther Zumaquero, Urko M. Marigorta, Aakash V. Patel, Xiaoqian Wang, Deepak Tomar, Matthew C. Woodruff, Zoe Simon, Regina Bugrovsky, Emily L. Blalock, Christopher D. Scharer, Christopher M. Tipton, Chungwen Wei, S. Sam Lim, Michelle Petri, Timothy B. Niewold, Jennifer H. Anolik, Greg Gibson, F. Eun-Hyung Lee, Jeremy M. Boss, Frances E. Lund, Ignacio Sanz
Journal: Immunity (2018)
GW29-e1463 The relationship between serum homocysteine level and long-term outcome in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Jin SI, Xuewen Li, Yinghua Zhang, Qingqing Wu, Leimin Zhang, Xuebing Zuo, Jing Gao, Jing Li
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
PTH-043 Adult coeliac disease remission assessment:does a D1 biopsy increase the detection of villous atrophy?
Authors: Lauren Marks, Michelle Lau, Matthew Kurien, Marios Hadjivassiliou, Peter Mooney, ProfSimon Cross, David Sanders
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The duodenal bulb (D1) has been shown to be a sensitive site for detecting villous atrophy (VA) in newly diagnosed coeliac disease (CD), however there is a scarcity of data from those with established CD. In patients with established CD, we aim to establish whether D1 biopsies improved the identification of VA compared to biopsies from the second part of the duodenum (D2) alone. <h3>Methods</h3> 251 patients with established CD were prospectively recruited from the endoscopy department at the Royal Hallamshire Hospital between 2013 and 2017. These patients were undergoing repeat gastroscopy to assess dietary adherence. All patients underwent a gastroscopy, with one biopsy taken from the duodenal bulb and four from D2. Biopsies were classified according to Marsh criteria. We assessed concordance of histology between the D1 and D2 sites, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for all results using a binominal distribution. <h3>Results</h3> 251 patients were recruited (70.5% female, age range 17–81 years, median age 53 years) having been on a gluten-free diet for a median duration of 6 years. Concordant results: 35.1% (n=88, 95% CI: 29.16 to 40.96) had normal duodenal biopsies in both D1 and D2; 32.3% (n=81, 95% CI: 26.49 to 38.05) had VA in D1 and D2; 18.3% (n=46, 95% CI: 13.54 to 23.11) had raised intra-epithelial lymphocytes (IELs) only in both D1 and D2. Disconcordant results: 4.4% (n=11, 95% CI: 1.85 to 6.91) had VA in D1 but not D2; 2.4% (n=6, 95% CI: 0.50 to 4.28) had raised IELs in D1 but normal histology in D2. 2.8% (n=7, 95% CI: 0.75 to 4.83) had VA in D2 but normal histology in D1; 4.8% (n=12, 95% CI: 2.14 to 7.42) had IELs in D2 but normal histology in D1. <h3>Conclusions</h3> VA was confined to the duodenal bulb in 4.4% of patients with established CD. Thus a D1 biopsy in addition to distal duodenal biopsies increases the likelihood of detecting VA, although the significance of isolated VA in the bulb in patients on a gluten-free diet is yet to be determined.
Prognostic impact of inflammation-based scores in esophageal cancer patients achieving pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery
Authors: J. Kang, H.-S. Im, Y.-H. Kim, H.R. Kim, J.H. Kim, H.-Y. Jung, G.-H. Lee, H.J. Song, D.H. Kim, K.D. Choi, J.H. Lee, J.Y. Ahn, J.-S. Ryu, K.-J. Cho, S.-B. Kim, S.R. Park
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Health Apps and Health Policy
Authors: David W. Bates, Adam Landman, David M. Levine
Journal: JAMA (2018)

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Abstract 17134: Association Between Hospital Recognition for Resuscitation Quality Measures by the American Heart Association and In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survival
Authors: Rohan Khera, Yuanyuan Tang, Mark S Link, Saket Girotra, Paul S Chan
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Hospitals participating in the Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation registry for in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) are recognized for high adherence rates (≥85%) for 4 quality metrics....
GW29-e0236 The Antiarrhythmic Effect of Guizhi Gancao Decoction in Different Serum Concentrations on Potassium Currents and Action Potentials in Guinea Pig Ventricular Myocytes and HEK293 Cells
Authors: Zuoying Xing, Mingjun Zhu, Youping Wang, Yuan Gao, Bin Li, Yucai Hu, Peng Chen, Huanhuan Song, Yongxia Wang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
A phase II window of opportunity study of preoperative olaparib (O) with cisplatin (C) or durvalumab (D) or olaparib alone in in patients with operable squamous cell head and neck carcinoma (HNSCC) (OPHELIA)
Authors: A. Psyrri, P. Economopoulou, I. Kotsantis, G. Koutsodontis, M. Cheila, G. Papaxoinis, D.G. Pectasides, G. Fountzilas, L. Krikoni, V. Souliotis
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Evaluation of Barriers to Audit-and-Feedback Programs That Used Direct Observation of Hand Hygiene Compliance
Authors: Daniel J. Livorsi, Cassie Cunningham Goedken, Michael Sauder, Mark W. Vander Weg, Eli N. Perencevich, Heather Schacht Reisinger
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2018)

<h3>Importance</h3> Audit and feedback based on direct observation is a common strategy to improve hand hygiene compliance, but the optimal design and delivery of this intervention are poorly defined. <h3>Objective</h3> To describe barriers encountered by audit-and-feedback programs for hand hygiene across acute care hospitals within the Veterans Health Administration. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A qualitative study was conducted at a geographically diverse convenience sample of 10 acute care hospitals within the Veterans Health Administration. Participants included 108 infection prevention team personnel and frontline staff. All data were collected between June 30, 2014, and March 18, 2015. Data were analyzed between September 6, 2017, and January 5, 2018. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Barriers to audit and feedback for hand hygiene compliance were evaluated. Semistructured interviews of key personnel were performed through site visits at 6 locations and telephone interviews with 4 sites. Focus groups were conducted with frontline staff. Interviews and focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed. All transcripts were analyzed using thematic content analysis. <h3>Results</h3> Overall, 108 individuals participated in the study. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 38 individuals, who were predominantly infection prevention team members. Focus group interviews were conducted with 70 frontline hospital staff members. Surveillance activities at all 10 sites made use of a variety of staff members with the intention of covertly collecting direct observations on hand hygiene compliance. Monitoring programs were challenging to maintain because of constraints on time and personnel. Both auditors and frontline staff expressed skepticism about the accuracy of compliance data based on direct observations. Auditors expressed concern about the Hawthorne effect, while frontline staff were worried that their compliance was not visible to auditors. In most hospitals, approaches to monitoring hand hygiene compliance produced friction between frontline staff and infection prevention teams. The feedback process for audit results did not consistently reach frontline staff and, in many hospitals, did not seem to facilitate improvement efforts. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Auditing hand hygiene compliance with direct observation was problematic across these acute care hospitals. Auditing was perceived to collect inaccurate data and created tension with frontline staff, and the feedback process did not appear to encourage positive change. Strategies are needed to collect more reliable hand hygiene data and facilitate multidisciplinary collaboration toward improved compliance.