tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Maritime Declaration of Health (MDH) as a tool to detect maritime traffic-related health risks: analysis of MDH forms submitted to Spanish ports, October 2014 to March 2015
Authors: Rosa M López-Gigosos, Marina Segura, Rosa M Díez-Díaz, Isabel Ureña, David Urzay, Patricia Guillot, Ana Guerra-Neira, Almudena Rivera, Ángeles Pérez-Cobaleda, Ascensión Martín, María Nuñez-Torrón, Begoña Alvarez, Mar Faraco, José M Barrera, María J Calvo, José Gallegos, Antonio Bermejo, Carmen Aramburu, Miguel Dávila, Fernando Carreras, Rosemarie Neipp, Alberto Mariscal
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2017)

The international maritime traffic of people and goods has often contributed to the spread of pathogens affecting public health. The Maritime Declaration of Health (MDH), according to the International Health Regulations (IHR) (2005), is a document containing data related to the state of health on board a ship during passage and on arrival at port. It is a useful tool for early detection of public health risks. The main objective of our study was to evaluate compliance with the model provided in the IHR, focusing on the format and degree of completion of MDH forms received at Spanish ports. We reviewed the content of 802 MDH forms submitted to nine Spanish ports between October 2014 and March 2015. Study results show that 22% of MDH forms presented did not comply with the recommended model and 39% were incomplete. The proportion of cargo ships with correct and complete MDH forms was lower than passenger ships; thus, the nine health questions were answered less frequently by cargo ships than passenger ships (63% vs 90%, p value < 0.001). The appropriate demand and usage of MDH forms by competent authorities should improve the quality of the document as a tool and improve risk assessment.
New threshold of ER positivity in early stage HER2- breast cancer.
Authors: Takeo Fujii, Takahiro Kogawa, Wenli Dong, Jennifer Keating Litton, Stacy L. Moulder, Debu Tripathy, Kelly Hunt, Takayuki Iwamoto, Lajos Pusztai, Bora Lim, Yu Shen, Naoto T. Ueno
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

1067 Background: ASCO/CAP recommends 1% as the cutoff value for ER positivity. However, several studies show that tumors with 1% ≤ ER < 10% behave similarly to those with ER < 1%. Whether ER expression will impact the pCR rate after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in HER2- primary breast cancer is unknown. Our primary objective was to determine whether the quantitative ER value is predictive of pCR rate for newly diagnosed HER2- early stage breast cancer treated with NAC. The secondary objectives were to identify the optimal cutoff of ER to stratify patients who are less likely to achieve pCR and to test this cutoff in terms long-term benefits of hormonal therapy. Methods: A total of 3237 patients with early stage HER2- breast cancer were included in analysis. Logistic regression models were used to determine the association between each variable and pCR. Kaplan-Meier curves along with log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard models were used for survival analysis. Martingale residual plots, recursive partitioning, and regression trees were used to select the cutoff point for ER. An interaction term was used to assess the effect of adjuvant hormonal therapy in each ER category based on the calculated cut-off value for ER. Results: In multivariate analysis, a high ER value as a continuous variable was significantly associated with a low pCR rate (OR, 0.99 [95%CI, 0.986-0.993]; P < 0.0001). The recommended cutoff value for ER was 9.5% by pCR. Among patients with 1% ≤ ER < 10% (n = 176), adjuvant hormonal therapy was not significantly associated with either RFS or OS, but it showed significant benefit among those with 10% ≤ ER ≤ 100% (n = 2086; RFS: HR, 0.27 [95% CI, 0.18-0.4]; P < 0.0001; OS: HR, 0.3 [95% CI, 0.19-0.47]; P < 0.0001). The interaction between adjuvant hormonal therapy use and ER (1% ≤ ER < 10% vs ER > = 10%) was significant in the multivariate model. PR was not significantly associated with survival among patients with 1% ≤ ER < 10%. Conclusions: The optimal cutoff value of ER below which early stage breast cancer behaves clinically like TNBC in terms of pCR, survival, and lack of benefit of adjuvant hormonal therapy should be 10%. We suggest defining TNBC as HER2- breast cancer with ER and PR less than 10% for future early stage clinical trials in larger datasets.
Toxicities and Related Outcomes of Elderly Patients (pts) (≥65 Years) with Hematologic Malignancies in the Contemporary Era (Alliance A151611)
Authors: Michael Tallarico, Jared Foster, Drew Seisler, Jacqueline Lafky, Arti Hurria, Aminah Jatoi, Harvey Jay Cohen, Hyman Muss, Nancy L Bartlett, Bruce Cheson, Sin-Ho Jung, John C. Byrd, John P. Leonard, Chadi Nabhan
Journal: Blood (2016)
High Risk for Invasive Meningococcal Disease Among Patients Receiving Eculizumab (Soliris) Despite Receipt of Meningococcal Vaccine
Authors: Lucy A. McNamara, Nadav Topaz, Xin Wang, Susan Hariri, LeAnne Fox, Jessica R. MacNeil
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

Use of eculizumab (Soliris, Alexion Pharmaceuticals), a terminal complement inhibitor, is associated with a 1,000-fold to 2,000-fold increased incidence of meningococcal disease (1). Administration of meningococcal vaccines is recommended for patients receiving eculizumab before beginning treatment (2,3). Sixteen cases of meningococcal disease were identified in eculizumab recipients in the United States during 2008-2016; among these, 11 were caused by nongroupable Neisseria meningitidis. Fourteen patients had documentation of receipt of at least 1 dose of meningococcal vaccine before disease onset. Because eculizumab recipients remain at risk for meningococcal disease even after receipt of meningococcal vaccines, some health care providers in the United States as well as public health agencies in other countries recommend antimicrobial prophylaxis for the duration of eculizumab treatment; a lifelong course of treatment is expected for many patients. Heightened awareness, early care seeking, and rapid treatment of any symptoms consistent with meningococcal disease are essential for all patients receiving eculizumab treatment, regardless of meningococcal vaccination or antimicrobial prophylaxis status.
Association of Expanded Medicaid Coverage With Hospital Length of Stay After Injury
Authors: Jeremy L. Holzmacher, Kerry Townsend, Caleb Seavey, Stephanie Gannon, Mary Schroeder, Stephen Gondek, Lois Collins, Richard L. Amdur, Babak Sarani
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

<h3>Importance</h3> The expansion of Medicaid eligibility under the Affordable Care Act is a state-level decision that affects how patients with traumatic injury (trauma patients) interact with locoregional health care systems. Washington, DC; Maryland; and Virginia represent 3 unique payer systems with liberal, moderate, and no Medicaid expansion, respectively, under the Affordable Care Act. Characterizing the association of Medicaid expansion with hospitalization after injury is vital in the disposition planning for these patients. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine the association between expanded Medicaid eligibility under the Affordable Care Act and duration of hospitalization after injury. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This retrospective cohort study included patients admitted from Virginia, Maryland, and Washington, DC, to a single level I trauma center. Data were collected from January 1, 2013, through March 6, 2016, in Virginia and Washington, DC, and from May 1, 2013, through March 6, 2016, in Maryland. All patients with Medicare or Medicaid coverage and all uninsured patients were included. Patients with private insurance, patients with severe head or pelvic injuries, and those who died during hospitalization were excluded. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Hospital length of stay (LOS) and whether its association with patient insurance status varied by state of residence. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 2314 patients (1541 men [66.6%] and 773 women [33.4%]; mean [SD] age, 52.9 [22.8] years) were enrolled in the study. The uninsured rate in the Washington, DC, cohort (190 of 1699 [11.2%]) was significantly lower compared with rates in the Virginia (141 of 296 [47.6%]) or the Maryland (106 of 319 [33.2%]) cohort (<i>P</i> &lt; .001). On multivariate regression controlling for injury severity and demographic variables, the difference in LOS for Medicaid vs non-Medicaid recipients varied significantly by state. For Medicaid recipients, mean LOS in Washington, DC, was significantly shorter (2.57 days; 95% CI, 2.36-2.79 days) than in Maryland (3.51 days; 95% CI, 2.81-4.38 days;<i>P</i> = .02) or Virginia (3.9 days; 95% CI, 2.79-5.45 days;<i>P</i> = .05). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Expanded Medicaid eligibility is associated with shorter hospital LOS in mildly injured Medicaid recipients.
Growth Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori and Campylobacter jejuni by Lactobacillus salivarius
Authors: KA Ryan, Y Li, PW O'Toole
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Aims: The gastric pathogen H. pylori is one of the most common infections worldwide, and the related organism C. jejuni has emerged as the leading cause of human acute enteritis in the Western world. With increased antibiotic resistance becoming a problem, we investigated the ability of twenty-eight strains of Lactobacillus to inhibit growth of these pathogens.
Colorectal Cancer in the very Elderly
Authors: T Cooney, G Doherty, S O'Hanlon, B Nolan, D Keegan, A White, J Hyland, D O'Donoghue, H Mulcahy
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Aims: Risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) increases with age but few studies have looked at very elderly patients (>85 years). We examined CRC in this population.
Neurocognitive Functioning of Children Treated for High-Risk B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Randomly Assigned to Different Methotrexate and Corticosteroid Treatment Strategies: A Report From the Children’s Oncology Group
Authors: Kristina K. Hardy, Leanne Embry, John A. Kairalla, Shanjun Helian, Meenakshi Devidas, Daniel Armstrong, Stephen Hunger, William L. Carroll, Eric Larsen, Elizabeth A. Raetz, Mignon L. Loh, Wenjian Yang, Mary V. Relling, Robert B. Noll, Naomi Winick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Purpose Survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are at risk for neurocognitive deficits that are associated with treatment, individual, and environmental factors. This study examined the impact of different methotrexate (MTX) and corticosteroid treatment strategies on neurocognitive functioning in children with high-risk B-lineage ALL. Methods Participants were randomly assigned to receive high-dose MTX with leucovorin rescue or escalating dose MTX with PEG asparaginase without leucovorin rescue. Patients were also randomly assigned to corticosteroid therapy that included either dexamethasone or prednisone. A neurocognitive evaluation of intellectual functioning (IQ), working memory, and processing speed (PS) was conducted 8 to 24 months after treatment completion (n = 192). Results The method of MTX delivery and corticosteroid assignment were unrelated to differences in neurocognitive outcomes after controlling for ethnicity, race, age, gender, insurance status, and time off treatment; however, survivors who were age < 10 years at diagnosis (n = 89) had significantly lower estimated IQ ( P < .001) and PS scores ( P = .02) compared with participants age ≥ 10 years. In addition, participants who were covered by US public health insurance had estimated IQs that were significantly lower ( P < .001) than those with US private or military insurance. Conclusion Children with high-risk B-lineage ALL who were age < 10 years at diagnosis are at risk for deficits in IQ and PS in the absence of cranial radiation, regardless of MTX delivery or corticosteroid type. These data may serve as a basis for developing screening protocols to identify children who are at high risk for deficits so that early intervention can be initiated to mitigate the impact of therapy on neurocognitive outcomes.
Hyperactive FOXO1 results in lack of tip stalk identity and deficient microvascular regeneration during kidney injury
Authors: Lan T.H. Dang, Takahide Aburatani, Graham A. Marsh, Bryce G. Johnson, Stella Alimperti, Christine J. Yoon, Angela Huang, Suzanne Szak, Naoki Nakagawa, Ivan Gomez, Shuyu Ren, Sarah K. Read, Chris Sparages, Alfred C. Aplin, Roberto F. Nicosia, Chris Chen, Giovanni Ligresti, Jeremy S. Duffield
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)

Loss of the microvascular (MV) network results in tissue ischemia, loss of tissue function, and is a hallmark of chronic diseases. The incorporation of a functional vascular network with that of the host remains a challenge to utilizing engineered tissues in clinically relevant therapies. We showed that vascular-bed-specific endothelial cells (ECs) exhibit differing angiogenic capacities, with kidney microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) being the most deficient, and sought to explore the underlying mechanism. Constitutive activation of the phosphatase PTEN in kidney MVECs resulted in impaired PI3K/AKT activity in response to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Suppression of PTEN in vivo resulted in microvascular regeneration, but was insufficient to improve tissue function. Promoter analysis of the differentially regulated genes in KMVECs suggests that the transcription factor FOXO1 is highly active and RNAseq analysis revealed that hyperactive FOXO1 inhibits VEGF-Notch-dependent tip-cell formation by direct and indirect inhibition of DLL4 expression in response to VEGF. Inhibition of FOXO1 enhanced angiogenesis in human bio-engineered capillaries, and resulted in microvascular regeneration and improved function in mouse models of injury-repair.
Huwe1 Sustains Normal Ovarian Epithelial Cell Transformation and Tumor Growth through the Histone H1.3-<i>H19</i> Cascade
Authors: Dong Yang, Bin Sun, Xiaohong Zhang, Daomei Cheng, Xiaoping Yu, Lanzhen Yan, Lei Li, Sanqi An, Hua Jiang, Anna Lasorella, Antonio Iavarone, Shu Zhang, Fangdong Zou, Xudong Zhao
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Ubiquitination-directed protein degradation is important in many cancers for tumor initiation and maintenance, and E3 ligases containing HECT domains are emerging as new therapeutic targets. In contrast to many other E3 ligases, the role of HUWE1 in ovarian cancer where HUWE1 is dysregulated has been unclear. Here we report that genetic deletion of Huwe1 in the mouse inhibits transformation of ovary surface epithelium cells without significantly affecting cell survival and apoptosis, and that Huwe1 deletion after tumors have been initiated inhibits tumor growth. In Huwe1-deficient cells, expression of histone H1.3 increased, inhibiting the expression of noncoding RNA H19H19 silencing phenocopied the effects of Huwe1 deficiency, whereas H1.3 silencing partially rescued the expression of H19 and the Huwe1-null phenotype. Inducible silencing of HUWE1 in human ovarian cancer cells produced a similar phenotype. Mechanistically, HUWE1 bound and ubiquitinated H1.3, which was consequently marked for destruction by proteasomes. Our results establish that HUWE1 plays an essential role in promoting ovarian cancer. Cancer Res; 77(18); 4773-84. ©2017 AACR.
Evaluation of Chest Pain in the Emergency Department
Authors: Rudolph J. Napodano
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 August 1995Evaluation of Chest Pain in the Emergency DepartmentRudolph J. NapodanoRudolph J. NapodanoSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-4-199508150-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The editorial by Kaul and Abbott [1] suggests two practical approaches to assessing patients with chest pain of unknown origin in the emergency department: 1) Immediately involve a cardiologist in the assessment and decision-making process; and 2) observe and assess patients in a special chest pain unit located in or near the emergency department that is staffed by subspecialty nursing support.In 1971, the Inter-Society Commission for Heart Disease Resources [2] recommended a system to shorten the delay in providing medical care for patients with suspected myocardial infarction. Features of this system included public and professional education ...References1. Kaul S, Abbott RD. Evaluation of chest pain in the emergency department (Editorial). Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:976-7. Google Scholar2. Study Group on Coronary Heart Disease. Resources for the optimal care of patients with acute myocardial infarction (Abstract). Circulation. 1971; 43:A171-3. Google Scholar3. Wallace WA, Napodano RJ, Yu PN. Early care of acute myocardial infarction. Arch Intern Med. 1976; 136:974-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 August 1995Volume 123, Issue 4Page: 314-318KeywordsCardiac care unitEmergency departmentIschemiaMyocardial infarctionPatientsProspective studiesShockSub-specialty careSystematic reviewsTriage ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 August 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
WHO reports increasing emergence of drug resistant gonorrhoea
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2017)

New data from 77 countries have shown that gonorrhoea is becoming increasingly resistant to treatment, with high income countries in particular reporting infections that are impossible to treat.

The World Health Organization global gonococcal antimicrobial surveillance programme monitors trends in drug resistant gonorrhoea and published new data in PLoS Medicine 1 showing the extent of drug resistance. Nearly all countries (97%) that reported data found strains that were resistant to ciprofloxacin, and 81% of countries reported increasing resistance to azithromycin. More worryingly, 66% of …
Agonist OX40 immunotherapy improves survival in glioma-bearing mice and is complementary with vaccination with irradiated GM-CSF–expressing tumor cells
Authors: Nusrat Jahan, Hammad Talat, William T Curry
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Glioma immunotherapy is an active area of clinical investigation. Glioma-associated immunosuppression remains an obstacle to efficacious immunotherapy, and combination approaches are likely necessary for durable success. OX40 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is upregulated on activated lymphocytes, ligation of which results in enhanced activity and may be active against cancer. We sought to confirm the efficacy of agonist anti-OX40 immunotherapy against glioma and hypothesized that it is complementary with irradiated whole tumor cell vaccination.GL261 tumor cells were implanted into the right frontal lobes of syngeneic mice, which were then treated with controls, agonist anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody, vaccination with subcutaneous injection of irradiated granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing GL261 cells (GVAX), or vaccination + agonist anti-OX40 therapy. Animals were followed for survival. On day 18, splenocytes were harvested for enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot analyses and brains were harvested for immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analyses of infiltrating lymphocytes.Combination immunotherapy with GVAX and systemic agonist anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody improved survival by 14 days over controls (median survival 36 vs 22 days, P < 0.00005). Systemically, T helper cell type 1 (Th1) antitumor immunity was enhanced significantly by combination therapy. In the brain, combination immunotherapy increased the percentage of Th1 CD4+ T lymphocytes and reduced the fraction that were Th2. In the brain, vaccination improved the ratio of CD8+ to FoxP3+ T lymphocytes, while combination immunotherapy reversed intracranial T-lymphocyte exhaustion, reducing their coexpression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) as well as PD-1 and lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3).Anti-OX40 immunotherapy is active against intracranial glioma and synergizes with GVAX. Vaccination and anti-OX40 immunotherapy are mechanistically complementary, particularly in the glioma microenvironment.
Abstract 171: Plasma Hypoosmolarity After Birth Promotes Closure of the Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: Rika Aoki, Utako Yokoyama, Yasuhiro Ichikawa, Shun Kumagaya, Shiho Iwasaki, Shigeru Nishimaki, Kazuo Seki, Shumpei Yokota, Susumu Minamisawa, Yoshihiro Ishikawa
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

Background: Changes in environmental conditions after birth, such as increased oxygen tension, are known to regulate the closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA). We previously found that plasma osmolarity was significantly decreased early after birth in rats, and that Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin (TRPM) 3, a hypoosmolarity sensor, was highly expressed in the rat DA compared to the aorta. We assessed the hypothesis that plasma hypoosmolarity regulated tension of the DA via TRPM3. Methods: Fura-2 assay was used to evaluate the change in intracellular calcium [Ca 2+ ] i in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Tension of vascular rings was measured by a wire myograph system. Rapid whole-body freezing method was used to examine vasoconstriction in rat in vivo . Plasma osmolarity of human preterm infants was analyzed by freezing point depression osmometry. Results: We found that [Ca 2+ ] i was increased by hypoosmolarity (270mOsm/kg) in SMCs isolated from the rat DA (DASMCs) compared to aortic SMCs (31.3% vs. 8.5% of basal 340/390 ratio P &lt;0.01, n=6). When DASMCs were treated with siTRPM3, hypoosmolarity-induced [Ca 2+ ] i elevation was attenuated by 48.7% ( P &lt;0.01, n=6). Hypoosmolarity (270 and 250mOsm/kg) increased the tension of rat DA (17.4% and 29.8% of 120mM of KCl, respectively, P &lt;0.01, n=8). Moreover, a TRPM3 activator pregnenolone sulfate (200μ M) induced contraction of the rat DA (39.4% of KCl P &lt;0.001, n=6). Conversely, when plasma osmolarity was kept higher to 322mOsm/kg by intra-peritoneal injection of 5.4% hypersaline, the DA closure was partially inhibited by 13% compared to 0.9% saline injection in vivo ( P &lt;0.05, n=11). Plasma osmolarity was decreased 2 h after birth in late preterm infants (28-35weeks’ gestation) (3.2±0.8 % reduction of cord blood, P &lt;0.001, n=35), but not in early preterm infants (24-27weeks’ gestation) (1.1±1.3 % reduction of cord blood, NS , n=17). Furthermore, plasma osmolarity of patent DA (PDA) patients recovered to the adult level by the 2nd day of life while it still remained low in non PDA patients. Conclusions: These results suggest that plasma hypoosmolarity after birth promotes DA closure via TRPM3 and that keeping the plasma osmolarity within proper levels during early neonatal period would be important for DA closure.
Summary of 1993 World Health Organisation-International Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of mild hypertension. Subcommittee of WHO/ISH Mild Hypertension Liaison committee.
Authors: J Chalmers, K Arakawa, I Gyarfas, P Hamet, L Hansson, S Julius, S Macmahon, G Mancia, J Menard, T Omae, J Reid, M Safar
Journal: BMJ (1993)

As part of the ongoing process of issuing guidelines for managing hypertension the World Health Organisation and International Society of Hypertension present a summary of the latest guidelines for the management of mild hypertension. In both young and elderly people this condition is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and should be treated. Information is presented on methods of diagnostic evaluation and assessment of risk. Methods of treatment, including changes in lifestyle, are covered.