tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB1041 Ultrasonography of normal musculoskeletal structures in 100 sections: a booklet and a cd-rom
Authors: MA Mahdi, H Rkain, M Erraoui, S Aktaou, L Tahiri, R Bahiri, F Allali, N Hajjaj-Hassouni
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To present a booklet and a CD-ROM with a mini-atlas including 100 sections illustrating the normal ultrasound musculoskeletal anatomy. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed an ultrasound examination of large and small joints of the medical staff not suffering from any musculoskeletal disorder. Ultrasound examination was performed using a high-frequency linear probe (Toshiba Xario®, frequency (8–14 MHz)) in B mode. Finally, for the sake of clarity of the presentation of this library, we presented each image accompanied with another showing the valid positioning of the probe and an annotated schema for each section made. <h3>Results</h3> We present in the form of CD-ROM and booklet a photo library of a mini-atlas. The joints studied are: The wrist and hand The elbow The shoulder The ankle and foot The knee and the hip 100 sections were performed, we presented them together with images showing ther normal corresponding musculoskeletal anatomy, the valid positioning of the probe, and also an annotated schema corresponding to each section. We give here below the example of a section illustrating a cross-section of flexor digitorum superficialis and profondus tendons <h3>Conclusions</h3> We hope that we give to rheumatologists a simple tool to recall and standardize the practice of musculoskeletal ultrasound. We intend to enrich it, in the future, with the pathological images and interventional ultrasound videos. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Expanded Tissue Samples Poised to Assist Pathologists
Authors: Jennifer Abbasi
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exome Sequencing Provides Evidence of Polygenic Adaptation to a Fat-Rich Animal Diet in Indigenous Siberian Populations
Authors: PingHsun Hsieh, Brian Hallmark, Joseph Watkins, Tatiana M. Karafet, Ludmila P. Osipova, Ryan N. Gutenkunst, Michael F. Hammer
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2017)

Siberia is one of the coldest environments on Earth and has great seasonal temperature variation. Long-term settlement in northern Siberia undoubtedly required biological adaptation to severe cold stress, dramatic variation in photoperiod, and limited food resources. In addition, recent archeological studies show that humans first occupied Siberia at least 45,000 years ago; yet our understanding of the demographic history of modern indigenous Siberians remains incomplete. In this study, we use whole-exome sequencing data from the Nganasans and Yakuts to infer the evolutionary history of these two indigenous Siberian populations. Recognizing the complexity of the adaptive process, we designed a model-based test to systematically search for signatures of polygenic selection. Our approach accounts for stochasticity in the demographic process and the hitchhiking effect of classic selective sweeps, as well as potential biases resulting from recombination rate and mutation rate heterogeneity. Our demographic inference shows that the Nganasans and Yakuts diverged ∼12,000-13,000 years ago from East-Asian ancestors in a process involving continuous gene flow. Our polygenic selection scan identifies seven candidate gene sets with Siberian-specific signals. Three of these gene sets are related to diet, especially to fat metabolism, consistent with the hypothesis of adaptation to a fat-rich animal diet. Additional testing rejects the effect of hitchhiking and favors a model in which selection yields small allele frequency changes at multiple unlinked genes.
Using Machine Intelligence Algorithms to Develop a Geno-Clinical Model to Predict Responses to Hypomethylating Agents in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Aziz Nazha, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Rafael Bejar, John Barnard, Karam Al-Issa, Bartlomiej P Przychodzen, Matt Kalaycio, Michael J. Clemente, Cassandra M. Hirsch, Benjamin L Ebert, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski
Journal: Blood (2016)
SP0028 Systematic literature review: where to start
Authors: S Ramiro
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

Starting a systematic literature review (SLR), particularly for the first time, may be an overwhelming task. As its designation indicates, it requires a systematic approach, in order to ensure that all the relevant literature addressing the research question at hand is covered and appropriately summarized. SLRs are particularly helpful for clinicians, who have a question based on their clinical practice and want to obtain the best evidence based answer. The large and increasing amount of existing literature makes the life of a clinician difficult when trying to search by him/herself for the answer based on the original studies. An SLR may thus be an efficient way to get the answer, by condensing hundreds of studies into a good summary. They are also of the basis, together with expert opinion, of diagnostic and/or management/treatment recommendations. The first step of an SLR is always to properly formulate the research question, in a way that the literature covering the topic can be searched. The classic approach is the PICO framework, in which the formulated question includes the different elements guiding the literature search, namely the Population of interest, the Intervention to which patients are exposed, the Comparator against which the effect of the intervention is to be compared and the Outcomes on which the assessment of the intervention will rely and in which the SLR will focus (e.g. efficacy, safety outcomes, etc). A crucial aspect when reviewing the literature is the risk of bias assessment. Studies should be judged for their methodological quality so that one can interpret their findings accordingly. If a study is methodologically not sound, then we know that it will not be very helpful in answering the research question and, most important, this cannot be ignored when performing an SLR. This risk of bias assessment also requires some knowledge of important epidemiology and biostatistics concepts, which are needed to correctly understand how a study is conducted. These and other steps contribute to shaping an SLR. Challenges involved when performing an SLR will be discussed in detail in this presentation, as well as the different steps of an SLR and the most critical aspects that should be considered. Tips from experiences with SLRs will be shared. This should ultimately encourage (young) clinicians and researchers on where to start when embarking on an SLR challenge, but hopefully also on how proceed with and bring to an end a successful and informative SLR. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Factors to Consider for Reducing US Opioid-Related Deaths: Looking Beyond Access
Authors: Nitigna Desai, Shane W. Kraus, Joseph R. Houchins
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
AB0141 Low dose IL-2 circumvented MTOR signaling in T cells in the treatment of SLE
Authors: J He, X Sun, J Li, R Zhang, D Yu, Z Li
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> mTOR signaling is proved to be one of the most important pathway in the pathogenesis in SLE. However, in patients with SLE, whether mTOR pathway can be activated by low-dose IL-2 remained unclear. <h3>Objectives</h3> To clarify the effects of low-dose IL-2 therapy on mTOR signaling in the treatment of SLE. <h3>Methods</h3> Eight patients with active SLE were treated with 1 million IU IL-2. Phophrylation of S6 ribosomal protein (S6RP), AKT and pSTAT5 were measured before and after the first 2 week of low-dose rhIL-2 administration. C57BL/6 mice (male, 8–12 weeks old) were intraperitoneally immunized with SRB and followed by administration of different doses (low:10,000 IU and hight:300,000 IU) of rhIL-2 or PBS from day 3 to day 9. The ratio of Th1, Th2, Tfh, Th17, Tfh and Treg as well as the level of S6RP, AKT and pSTAT5 were assayed by flow cytometry <h3>Results</h3> Low-dose IL-2 was efficient and well tolerated in active SLE, and was associated with expansion of Treg cells (p&lt;0.001) and reductions of Tfh and Th17 cells (p≤0.001). No significant change of pS6RP and pAKT was observed. On the other hand, there was a signfciant induction of the activation of STAT5. In mouse studies, low-dose IL-2 inhibited the differentiation of Th17 cells and Tfh cells. Comparing with high dose IL-2 group, there was no significantly increased mTOR activity after low-dose IL-2 administration. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Low-dose IL-2 might circumvent mTOR pathway and play a regulatory role in the T cells in lupus <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
SAT0361 Chest computed tomography as an alternative to high resolution manometry for the diagnosis of scleroderma esophagus
Authors: S Panopoulos, VK Bournia, G Karamanolis, K Denaxas, A Zorbala, PP Sfikakis
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Severe esophageal disease in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), referred as scleroderma esophagus, is characterized by ineffective or absent peristalsis along with hypotensive esophagogastric junction (hEGJ). The associations between scleroderma esophagus and different clinical and laboratory manifestations of SSc are still controversial. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess associations between scleroderma esophagus, diagnosed by high resolution manometry (HRM), and other manifestations of disease. <h3>Methods</h3> Fifty-four consecutive SSc patients (49 women, mean age 50.6±11.6 years) with esophageal symptoms underwent clinical interview, medical records review and HRM. HRMs were analyzed according to the Chicago Classification in order to provide esophageal motility diagnosis; EGJ &lt;9 mmHg was considered hypotensive. Demographic characteristics, patient-reported symptoms, SSc subtypes, pulmonary fibrosis, cutaneous ulcers, and anti-Scl-70 positivity were compared between SSc patients with or without scleroderma esophagus. Comparison was also performed in chest computed tomography (CT) findings of esophageal lumen in 26 patients with available data. Esophageal dilatation was deemed present when the diameter was &gt;9 mm. <h3>Results</h3> Absent contractility was present in 37 (68.5%) patients; among these patients hEGJP was found in 32, thus 32/54 (59.2%) patients had classic scleroderma esophagus. There were no associations with gender, age, esophageal symptoms, skin involvement extent, anti-Scl-70, pulmonary fibrosis and cutaneous ulcers. Notably, esophageal dilation on chest CT was more frequent in patients with scleroderma esophagus compared to those without (77% <i>vs.</i> 8%, p=0.04, respectively). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Scleroderma esophagus diagnosed by HRM was present in less than 2/3 of symptomatic patients with SSc and associated only with esophageal dilation (&gt;9mm) in CT. Although further studies are needed, esophageal dilation on chest CT may be a non-invasive alternative for evaluation of SSc patients with esophageal symptoms. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Final analysis of a randomized comparison of letrozole (Let) vs observation (Obs) as late reintroduction of adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC) after completion of prior AET: ANZBCTG 0501 (LATER).
Authors: Nicholas Zdenkowski, Michael Green, Frances M. Boyle, George Kannourakis, Peter Grantley Gill, Evan Bayliss, Christobel Saunders, Stephen Della-Fiorentina, Neill Kling, Ian Campbell, Val Gebski, Anne-Sophie Veillard, Lucy Claire Davies, Rochelle Thornton, Akiko Fong, Linda Louise Reaby, John F. Forbes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

514 Background: AET for postmenopausal women with HR+ early BC has until recently been limited to 5 yrs of tamoxifen, an aromatase inhibitor or a sequential combination of these. However, after 5 yrs of AET, BC events continue to occur at a high rate (2% per yr) for at least another 10 yrs. The LATER trial was designed to compare 5 yrs of Let 2.5mg daily as late reintroduction of AET to Obs ( = usual care) in postmenopausal women after ≥ 4 yrs of AET. Methods: LATER was a prospective open label randomized trial for postmenopausal women who were BC free and had completed ≥ 4 yrs of AET for HR+ early BC more than 1 yr prior to study entry. The primary outcome was the rate of invasive BC events (defined as new invasive primary, local, regional or distant recurrence or contralateral BC) for Let arm compared to Obs. Secondary outcomes included disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS) and toxicity. To reject the null hypothesis in favor of a 60% reduction in the primary outcome with β = 0.10 and 2α = 0.05, 1700 patients were required. In Oct 2014 the independent data and safety monitoring committee recommended to cease trial follow up and to release the data for analysis due to a low event rate. Results: Between May 2007 and March 2012, 360 patients were randomized (181 Let; 179 Obs), after which enrolment ceased due to a low accrual rate. Patients completed prior AET a median of 2.5 yrs before randomization. N+ 33.9%, N- 60.0%, unknown 6.1%. Prior AET was aromatase inhibitor only in 11.1%, SERM in 50.6% and a sequential combination in 38.3%. In the ITT population, at a median 3.0 yrs follow-up, 1.1% of patients in the Let arm had experienced an invasive BC event vs 8.4% in the Obs arm (difference 7.3%, 95% CI 2.9-11.6, p = 0.001, conditional binomial exact test). DFS events occurred in 6.1% vs 11.7% (p = 0.06) and death in 1.7% vs 2.2% (p = 0.70) in the Let and Obs arms respectively. Conclusion: In postmenopausal women who had completed ≥ 4 yrs of AET for HR+ early BC, Let significantly reduced the incidence of late invasive BC events. Clinical trial information ACTRN 012607000137493. Clinical trial information: 01260700013749.
AB0582 Atherosclerotic risk factors and upper respiratory inflammations of mpo-anca positive anca associated vasculitis
Authors: N Ono, T Miyamura, Y Inoue, N Ueki, K Miyake, S Nagano, H Inoue, N Ueda, K Oryoji, T Sawabe, S Yoshizawa, Y Takemoto, Y Kimoto, S Ohta, H Nishizaka, I Furugo, S Yoshizawa, H Niiro, T Horiuchi, H Nakashima, Y Tada
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Recent studies had proven that the genetic backgrounds of ANCA associated vasculitis (AAV) were dependent on ANCAs. We and other groups had shown the differences between MPO-ANCA positive Granulomatosis with polyangitis (MPO-GPA) and Microscopic polyangitis (MPA) (1–3). It is not clear what determine these two phenotypes. <h3>Objectives</h3> To elucidate the etiologies of two phenotypes, we compared the backgrounds and comorbidities between MPO-GPA and MPA. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospectively we recruited MPO-GPA and MPA patients through the two multi-center cohorts (Cohort A: 2001–2012, Cohort B: 2012–2016). We classified patients with EMEA classification and ANCA. We found 40 MPO-GPA and 126 MPA cases without overlaps. We compared those backgrounds, comorbidities, organ involvements and outcomes. <h3>Results</h3> The average age of MPO-GPA group was similar to that of MPA (69.1 years old vs 72.1 years old). But MPO-GPA preferentially affected female patients (80.0% vs 52.8%) with lower creatinine levels (1.03mg/dl vs 2.7mg/dl). Two year survivals of MPO-GPA were significantly better than MPA (95.8% vs 73.2%, p=0.0424). Interestingly MPO-GPA patients had less atherosclerotic risk factors, i.e. smoking history (6.3% vs 38.4%), hypertension (10.4% vs 30.5%) and diabetes (12.5% vs 17.9%). Instead these patients had more upper respiratory inflammations (chronic sinusitis, chronic otitis media and allergic rhinitis, 33.3% vs 6.6%) before the disease onset. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We found that MPA had more atherosclerotic risk factors, and MPO-GPA had more upper respiratory inflammations. These factors may determine MPA or GPA phenotypes in MPO-ANCA positive AAV. <h3>References</h3> Ono N at al. Characteristics of MPO-ANCA-positive granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a retrospective multi-center study in Japan. Rheumatol Int. 2015 Mar;35(3):555–9. Miloslavsky EM et al. MPO-ANCA-Positive and ANCA-Negative Patients With Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Wegener9s): Distinct Patient Subsets. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016 Dec;68(12):2945–2952. Schirmer JH at al. MPO-ANCA-Positive Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Wegener9s) Is a Clinically Distinct Subset of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: A Retrospective Analysis of 315 Patients From a German Vasculitis Referral Center. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016 Dec;68(12):2953–2963. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> We gratefully acknowledge the work of people who helped to correct patients data. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
AB0366 “i just want my life back”: physical function and fatigue are critical targets for improving participation and hrql in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: SJ Bartlett, A Sirois, N Chiarlitti, M Inceer, M Jones, CO Bingham
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> The primary goal of treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is to maximize health-related quality of life (HRQL) through symptom and damage control, and normalize function and participation in social and life activities. Although fatigue is recognized as one of the most debilitating symptoms of RA, little is known about how fatigue impacts participation. <h3>Objectives</h3> We hypothesized that fatigue, along with pain, mood, disease activity, and disability would be associated with reduced participation. <h3>Methods</h3> RA patients enrolled in an observational study at an academic center completed PROMIS measures assessing fatigue, physical function, mood (depression and anxiety), pain interference, sleep disturbance, and participation. RA clinical indicators were also collected at the visit. Variance inflation factors were examined to evaluate collinearity among variables. Covariates/confounders independently associated with participation included pain, mood (depression, anxiety), sleep, disease activity (CDAI), and physical function. Multiple regression models that did and did not include pain were compared using likelihood ratio tests with SPSS and R. <h3>Results</h3> Participants were mostly female (82%) and white (83%) with mean (SD) age of 56 (13) years; 24% had ≤ high school, 29% had RA ≤5 years with 13% ≤2 years, and 22% were disabled. Mean CDAI was 7.9 (7.8). Most were in CDAI remission (n=56; 32%) or LDA (n=67; 38%); 39 (22%) were in MDA and 14 (8%) in HDA. Mean PROMIS fatigue was 53.9 (10.0); fatigue increased across CDAI levels from 46.2 (8.6) in remission to 64.0 (9.6). Only those with HDA had mean sleep, depression or anxiety scores &gt;55 (i.e., above population norms). In the full model, fatigue, depression, CDAI, and physical function were significant independent predictors of reduced participation in social roles and activities (F (2, 162) =29.75, p&lt;.001, adjusted r<sup>2</sup>=.55). Contrary to our hypothesis, pain was not associated with participation in univariate or multivariate models. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results suggest that in RA patients, high levels or fatigue are common; conversely, depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance were elevated only in people with HDA. Disability and fatigue appear to have the greatest impact on participation in social roles and activities. RA treatments and interventions that attenuate fatigue and improve mood in people with active RA may improve their ability to participate in social and life situations restoring a sense of normalcy and improving HRQL. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Funding: PCORI IP2-PI0000737 and SC14–1402–10818, CIHR 312205. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared