tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NIMG-50. GROWTH PATTERN AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF UNTREATED NONFUNCTIONING PITUITARY ADENOMAS
Authors: Kyeong-O Go, Kihwan Hwang, Taehun Kwon, Jay Park, Jin-Deok Joo, Jung Ho Han, Chang Wan Oh, Chae-Yong Kim
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are often detected as incidental findings. However, the natural history remains unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the natural history and growth pattern of untreated PAs. Between 2003 and 2014, 59 PAs were managed with clinico-radiological follow up for longer than 12 months without any kind of therapeutic intervention. Tumor volumes were calculated at initial and last follow-up visit, and tumor growth during the observation period was determined. Data were analyzed according to clinical and imaging characteristics. The mean initial and last tumor volume and diameter were 1.83 ± 2.97 cc and 13.77 ± 6.45 mm, 2.85 ± 4.47 cc and 15.75 ± 8.08 mm, respectively. The mean annual tumor growth rate was 0.33 ± 0.68 cc/year during a mean observation period of 46.8 ± 32.1 months. Sixteen (27%) PAs showed tumor growth. The initial tumor size (HR1.140, 95% CI 1.003 1.295, p=0.045) was the independent predictive factor that determined the tumor growth. Six patients (11%) of 56 conservatively managed non-symptomatic PAs underwent resection for aggravating visual symptoms with mean interval of 34.5 months from diagnosis. By Cox regression analysis, PAs of last longest diameter over 21.75 mm were a significant prognostic factor for eventual treatment. The initial tumor size of PAs was independently associated with the tumor growth. Six patients (11%) of conservatively managed PAs were likely to be treated eventually. PAs of last follow-up longest diameter over 21.75 mm were a significant prognostic factor for treatment. Further studies with a large series is required to determine treatment strategy.
Abstract 20132: Quantification of Multiple Mitral Regurgitant Jets: An in vitro Assessment of Doppler Methods Pertaining to MitraClip
Authors: Dimitrios Maragiannis, Matthew S Jackson, Stephen R Igo, William A Zoghbi, Stephen H Little
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Mitraclip deployment creates a double orifice valve with multiple regurgitant jets making quantification of mitral regurgitation (MR) difficult. Hypothesis: Our objective was to evaluate the accuracy of double jet MR quantification by summation of individual jet 3D echo-derived vena contracta area (VCA) or 2D proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) estimation of regurgitant volume (RV). Methods: In a pulsatile flow loop model, six valve constructs were evaluated with RV of 25 ml, 45 ml, and 65ml/beat. Regurgitant orifices tested were: a single circular hole (n=6), two symmetric circular holes (n=6), and an asymmetric configuration with a circular hole and an elliptical hole (n=6). RV was compared with true flow measurements from in vitro flow transducers. RV was calculated as: 1) PISA-Effective regurgitant orifice area x Doppler time velocity interval (TVI) or 2) VCA x Doppler TVI. Results: RV derived by PISA method correlated well with reference standard flow measures for both single orifice and double orifice valve constructs (R=0.96 vs R=0.90, p&lt;0.0001, respectively). PISA-RV also demonstrated a good correlation to true RV when tested through symmetric or asymmetric double orifice disks (R=0.96 vs R=0.87,p&lt;0.0001). 3D-VCA derived RV showed a superior correlation using the symmetric vs asymmetric disks (R=0.946 vs R=0.63,p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: In a pulsatile model of double orifice MR, total RV is accurately measured by summation of PISA-derived RV or VCA -derived RV from each orifice. These methods deserve further evaluation in the clinical setting.
IMMU-68. SINGLE-CELL PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS OF IMMUNE CELL RESPONSE TO CHECKPOINT BLOCKADE USING 30-PARAMETER FLOW CYTOMETRY
Authors: Amber Giles, Leonard Nettey, Thomas Liechti, Margaret Beddall, Elizabeth Vera, Deric Park, Jing Wu, Brett Theeler, Christine Siegel, Lisa Boris, Nancy Garren, Christine Bryla, Ann McCoy, Edjah Nduom, Kareem Zaghloul, Terri Armstrong, Mario Roederer, Mark Gilbert
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Biomarkers of response to immunotherapy are critical to evaluate efficacy and ultimately select patients most likely to benefit from this potentially toxic treatment. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are easily collected and offer abundant lymphocytes, yet the molecular determinants of cells relevant to a therapeutic response have not been determined. To identify such cells, likely rare, we developed four state-of-the-art flow cytometry assays that quantify 65 unique proteins on single-cells for comprehensive, high-throughput proteomic interrogation of PBMC and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Our goal is to identify biomarkers and predictors of response to immunotherapy as well as to find potential peripheral correlates of immune responses to the tumor itself. Molecular determinants of B, NK, DC, classical T, invariant T, NKT, and MAIT immune cell lineages and differentiation stages, as well as functional markers including cytokines, cytokine receptors, activation/senescence markers, proliferation, and markers of cytotoxicity were chosen as potential biomarkers of response. Proteomic analyses were performed on PBMC from healthy donors and patients with GBM who received checkpoint blockade therapy. Changes in cellular composition, cell differentiation and functional status were quantified in this comprehensive analysis of healthy donor and patient PBMC. Cellular expression patterns varied by cell activation and differentiation status; highlighting the importance of detailed subset analyses. Potential biomarkers were selected using linear discriminant analysis to identify proteomic differences between healthy donor and patient, as well as longitudinal patient PBMC samples. Using cutting-edge flow cytometry, we generated a comprehensive analysis of molecular and cellular changes that occur in PBMC in response to immune checkpoint blockade. Additionally, we identify sources of interpatient variation that may obscure subtle proteomic changes. This technological advance provides high-throughput proteomic analysis of live lymphocytes, which can then be sorted for downstream molecular analyses: a critical step in biomarker validation and discovery.
Co-occurrence of early diabetes-related complications in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes: an observational cohort study
Authors: Katherine A Sauder, Jeanette M Stafford, Elizabeth J Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth T Jensen, Sharon Saydah, Amy Mottl, Lawrence M Dolan, Richard F Hamman, Jean M Lawrence, Catherine Pihoker, Santica Marcovina, Ralph B D'Agostino, Dana Dabelea, Maryam Afkarian, James Amrhein, Natalie Beauregard, Ronny Bell, Anna Bellatorre, Clifford A. Bloch, Deborah Bowlby, Ralph D'Agostino, Dana Dabelea, Stephen Daniels, Jasmin Divers, Lawrence M. Dolan, Vinod P. Gaur, Maureen T. Goldstein, Carla Greenbaum, Richard F. Hamman, Jessica Harting, Leora Henkin, Irl Hirsch, Kim Holmquist, Giuseppina Imperatore, Scott Isom, Malaka Jackson, Michael G. Kahn, Sue Kearns, Grace Kim, Georgeanna J. Klingensmith, Mary Klingsheim, Lisa Knight, Corinna Koebnick, Jean M. Lawrence, Xia Li, Angela D. Liese, Barbara Linder, Lenna L. Liu, Beth Loots, Kathy Love-Osborne, David Maahs, Santica M. Marcovina, Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis, Anwar Merchant, Lina Merjaneh, Timothy Morgan, Amy Mottl, Debika Nandi-Munshi, John Neff, Bryce Nelson, Michael Pascual, David J. Pettitt, June Pierce, Catherine Pihoker, Jeffrey Powell, Beth Reboussin, Marian J. Rewers, Kristi Reynolds, Katherine A Sauder, Sharon H. Saydah, Jeanette Stafford, Debra A. Standiford, Greg Strylewicz, Craig Taplin, Lisa Testaverde, Joan Thomas, Paul Wadwa, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Greta Wilkening, Carrie Williams, Davene Wright, Joyce Yi-Frazier
Journal: The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (2018)
Estimating Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States, 2013‐2016
Authors: Megan G. Hofmeister, Elizabeth M. Rosenthal, Laurie K. Barker, Eli S. Rosenberg, Meredith A. Barranco, Eric W. Hall, Brian R. Edlin, Jonathan Mermin, John W. Ward, A. Blythe Ryerson
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most commonly reported bloodborne infection in the United States, causing substantial morbidity and mortality and costing billions of dollars annually. To update the estimated HCV prevalence among all adults aged ≥18 years in the United States, we analyzed 2013‐2016 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to estimate the prevalence of HCV in the noninstitutionalized civilian population and used a combination of literature reviews and population size estimation approaches to estimate the HCV prevalence and population sizes for four additional populations: incarcerated people, unsheltered homeless people, active‐duty military personnel, and nursing home residents. We estimated that during 2013‐2016 1.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4‐2.0%) of all adults in the United States, approximately 4.1 (3.4‐4.9) million persons, were HCV antibody‐positive (indicating past or current infection) and that 1.0% (95% CI, 0.8‐1.1%) of all adults, approximately 2.4 (2.0‐2.8) million persons, were HCV RNA–positive (indicating current infection). This includes 3.7 million noninstitutionalized civilian adults in the United States with HCV antibodies and 2.1 million with HCV RNA and an estimated 0.38 million HCV antibody‐positive persons and 0.25 million HCV RNA–positive persons not part of the 2013‐2016 NHANES sampling frame. Conclusion: Over 2 million people in the United States had current HCV infection during 2013‐2016; compared to past estimates based on similar methodology, HCV antibody prevalence may have increased, while RNA prevalence may have decreased, likely reflecting the combination of the opioid crisis, curative treatment for HCV infection, and mortality among the HCV‐infected population; efforts on multiple fronts are needed to combat the evolving HCV epidemic, including increasing capacity for and access to HCV testing, linkage to care, and cure.
Abstract 39: Human Oral, Gut, and Blood Microbiota in Patients with Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Jun Abe, Ryouta Ebata, Naoki Saito, Kentaro Okunushi, Kazuhiko Nakabayashi, Makoto Kuroda
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Objective: We studied microbiome of throat swab, rectal swab, and venous blood obtained from patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) to determine whether bacterial nuclei are detectable in circulating blood of KD patients and whether the microbial composition resembles to that of oral cavity or gut. Methods: We initially studied 7 patients (4 males and 3 females, 20-59 months) and obtained swabs and blood samples before IVIG treatment (day 4-5) to prepare DNA and cDNA library. Next, we studied 14 patients (8 males and 6 females, 2-47 months) and prepared blood cDNA library before IVIG treatment (day 2-8) and before discharge (day 10-15). Samples were sequenced by Illumina HiSeq2000 and the results were analyzed using MePIC for human genome subtraction and megablast search, followed by taxonomic analysis with MEGAN viewer. Results: The number of sequences homologous to bacterial genome per swab sample obtained from DNA or cDNA libraries varied 20,000~4,700,000 or 500,000~2,400,000, respectively. In most of the throat samples, the sequences were classified in descending order of phyla, Firmicutes &gt; Proteobacteria &gt; Bacteroidetes &gt; Actinobacteria. In rectal samples, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were more abundantly and Firmicutes was less abundantly represented than throat samples. The total number of sequences per blood sample was 30,000,000~70,000,000 and 99.0~99.9% of them were homologous to human genome. The number of sequences homologous to bacterial genome per DNA or cDNA library was 221-286 or 125-593, respectively. In blood samples, the frequencies of phyla were arranged in descending order, Proteobacteria = Actinobacteria &gt; Firmicutes &gt;&gt; Bacteroides. The sequences homologous to Burkholderia, Streptococcus and Neisseria, the indigenous bacteria in the oral cavity, were present in most of the patients. Among them, the abundance of Streptococcus was significantly (p=0.03) reduced in the cDNA libraries during convalescence. Conclusion: A variety of sequences homologous to bacterial genome were detected from the venous blood obtained from KD patients during the acute as well as the convalescent phase. Further study is necessary to investigate the specificity and the characteristics of these sequences in patients with KD.
CBMT-30. ASSESSMENT OF PRECEDENCE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN IDH1 MUTATION AND GLS2 EXPRESSION ON 5-ALA FLUORESCENCE IN GLIOMAS
Authors: Sojin Kim, Youngbeom Seo, Tamrin Chowdhury, Yun-Sik Dho, Min Jung Park, Chul-Kee Park
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Fluorescence-guided surgery with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)is widely utilized modality for detection and resection of malignant gliomas. We have previously reported that the mutational status of IDH1 and the expression level of glutaminase 2(GLS2) are associated with the 5-ALA fluorescence in gliomas. This study is to investigate the dominant factor on 5-ALA fluorescence between IDH1 and GLS2 in gliomas. Primary cultured human glioma cells and malignant glioma cell lines were used to engineer the IDH1 mutational status and GLS2 expression. Functional analysis and in vitro experiments confirmed that GLS2 is the dominant factor over IDH1 mutation for intracellular protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) accumulation and fluorescence and in gliomas. NADPH production capacity was associated with in accordance with IDH1 mutational status and GLS2 expression level, and correlated with fluorescence. GLS2 underexpression was the dominant factor for the 5-ALA fluorescence in gliomas over IDH1 mutation.
Impact of exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation in patients with heart failure (ExTraMATCH II) on mortality and hospitalisation: an individual patient data meta‐analysis of randomised trials
Authors: Rod S. Taylor, Sarah Walker, Neil A. Smart, Massimo F. Piepoli, Fiona C. Warren, Oriana Ciani, Christopher O'Connor, David Whellan, Steven J. Keteyian, Andrew Coats, Constantinos H. Davos, Hasnain M. Dalal, Kathleen Dracup, Lorraine Evangelista, Kate Jolly, Jonathan Myers, Robert S. McKelvie, Birgitta B. Nilsson, Claudio Passino, Miles D. Witham, Gloria Y. Yeh, Ann‐Dorthe O. Zwisler
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2018)
CMET-37. SUSTAINED CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC RESPONSE IN AN ADULT PATIENT WITH LEPTOMENINGEAL METASTASES FROM ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA TREATED WITH INTRAVENTRICULAR METHOTREXATE
Authors: Roy Allan Dominique Torcuator, Paul Vincent Opinaldo, Manuel Mariano
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Leptomeningeal involvement (LMI) in adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients is rare. Treatment is not standardized and includes intrathecal chemotherapy, radiation therapy and systemic chemotherapy. We present the case of a 23 year-old female diagnosed with AML in June 2017 initially treated with idarubicin and cytarabine followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplant. The patient presented 6 months later with headache, nausea, diplopia and ataxia. MRI of the brain and entire spine showed leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Patient was initially treated with systemic cytarabine and idarubicin. This was immediately followed by IT methotheraxate 12 mg via an Ommaya reservoir twice a week for 4 weeks. Clinical improvement was noted after only 2 IT treatments. Interval MRI showed complete response of the leptomeningeal disease after 4 weeks. Treatment was continued once a week for another 4 weeks followed by a repeat MRI confirming complete radiographic response. CSF cytology done before every intrathecal treatment did not show any leukemic cells. IT methotrexate was discontinued and patient is currently being followed in the clinic. This report documents excellent sustained clinical and radiologic response to IT treatment of a rare neuro-oncologic condition without any significant adverse effects.
MNGI-16. TREATMENT FOR TUBERCULUM SELLAE MENINGIOMAS: ENDONASAL ENDOSCOPIC TRANSSPHENOIDAL VERSUS TRANSCRANIAL SURGERY. A META-ANALYSIS OF COMPARATIVE COHORT STUDIES
Authors: Feng Zheng, Lukas Goertz, Marco Timmer, Pantelis Stavrinou, Roland Goldbrunner, Boris Krischek
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Tuberculum sellae meningiomas (TSMs) are a distinctive subgroup of meningiomas in the suprasellar space, accounting for 5%-10% of all intracranial meningiomas. Traditionally, these tumors have been excised through a variety of transcranial approaches (TCA). The endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETA) has been used recently to treat TSMs. A meta-analysis was performed to compare the complications and outcomes between EETA and TCA for TSMs with comparative cohort studies, in order to enhance our understanding of the current outcomes of EETA for TSMs before the techniques become more widely used. MATERIAL AND A meta-analysis of studies that compared the endoscopic with the transcranial approach was conducted. Data related to post-operative complications, gross total resection (GTR), visual improvement and recurrence was pooled to compare and analyze the results of the two treatment approaches for TSMs. Five published reports of eligible studies involving 161 participants met the inclusion criteria. There was no statistically significant difference between ETSA group and TCA group regarding total complications [RR = 1.47, 95%CI (0.67, 3.24), p = 0.34], complications of non-CSF leak [RR = 0.74, 95%CI (0.38, 1.47), p = 0.40], visual improvement [RR = 1.22, 95%CI (0.78, 1.92) p = 0.38], GTR [RR = 1.10, 95%CI (0.68, 1.77), p = 0.70], recurrence rate [RR = 0.98, 95%CI (0.24, 3.98), p = 0.98]. The occurrence of CSF leak in ETSA group was significantly higher than in TCA group [RR = 5.20, 95%CI (1.62, 16.68), p = 0.006]. In this meta-analysis of comparative cohort studies, EETA is comparable with TCA in terms of GTR, post-operative recurrence rate, complications other than CSF leak and visual improvement. As closing techniques for the prevention of CSF leaks in endoscopic approaches are evolving, further studies are warranted to focus on the reduction of post-operative CSF leak.
INNV-33. IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRONIC DATA CAPTURE FOR USE IN NATURAL HISTORY STUDIES: UTILITY OF CENTER FOR CANCER RESEARCHS (CCR) LABMATRIX AND SCRIBE SYSTEMS FOR THE NEURO-ONCOLOGY BRANCH NATURAL HISTORY STUDY (NOB-NHS)
Authors: Elizabeth Vera, Jason Levine, Ming Ji, Ewa Grajkowska, Sonja Crandon, Mark Gilbert, Terri Armstrong
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Accurate and prompt data collection is vital to clinical research. Traditionally, patient reported outcomes (PROs) have been captured through paper/pencil format and clinical data by retrospective clinical document review. Limitations include issues of errors, data omissions and monetary cost. We report an innovative tool for data collection. The primary objective of the NOB-NHS is to provide longitudinal collection of data including clinical status and PROs. Data was initially recorded by data analysts from review of the medical record in nine forms housed in CCRs Labmatrix system. All data fields were reviewed by the clinical team for relevance to the research question, redundancy, and timing of data collection. Free text fields were replaced by pre-determined, standardized pick lists of possible responses. Data fields were then converted into 2 electronic data collection forms (new patient and follow-up) in Scribe, a CCR-developed system for PROs/electronic form data. Feasibility and concordance testing was completed. Lastly, the clinical team was trained to enter data using tablets/laptops in the clinical setting. To date, 400 patients have been registered onto the NOB-NHS, with 222 collected through electronic systems. Links are sent via email to clinicians (nurse practitioners/clinical fellows) and patients that open a survey-style data collection form with drop-down menus and pre-formatted fields. Upon completion, the form automatically syncs to Labmatrix for data deposition and storage. On average, the Study Entry Form is completed in 5 minutes; the Clinic Visit Form in 2 minutes. PROs completion rate is > 95%. Data collected in a systematic and timely manner permits researchers to build stronger queries, reduces time spent on data cleaning, and facilitates statistical analysis. Standardization of the data fields and training of both clinical staff and data managers allows research to be reliable, especially for longitudinal studies such as natural history studies.
Abstract P187: Socioeconomic Status and Hypertension in Late Life: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: M. Maya McDoom-Echebiri, Priya Palta, Priya Vart, Stephen Juraschek, Anna Kucharska-Newton, Gerardo Heiss, Ana V Diez Roux, Josef Coresh
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Individual and area-level socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with hypertension incidence and blood pressure changes in midlife. However, examination of the relationship between SES and late-life hypertension incidence are limited. Methods: ARIC Study participants free of hypertension at visit 4 (1996-1998) were followed by annual and semi-annual calls through December 31, 2013 for incidence of hypertension, defined as a self-reported diagnosis or use of antihypertensive medications. Individual and neighborhood SES indicators were assessed at study baseline (using criteria listed in the Table). Among individuals with follow-up and complete data (N=3,374) associations were examined using Cox regression models. Results: Among men and women with a median baseline blood pressure of 118/68 mg Hg, mean age was 61 years (SD ± 5.5), 45% were female, 12% were Black, and 21.7% had an annual household income of &lt;$25,000 ($36,941 in 2016 dollars). The median neighborhood SES summary z-score was lower among Black (-6.29) compared to White participants (1.69). Over median follow-up of 9.44 years, 1,876 incident hypertension cases were observed. In analyses adjusted for covariates, White participants with high, as compared to low and intermediate measures of SES had lower incidence of hypertension in late life (Table). Results were less consistent among Blacks, possibly due to the smaller sample size and therefore more limited power. After accounting for individual-level SES, there was no association between neighborhood-level SES and incident hypertension. Conclusion: Both neighborhood and individual SES are related to late life incidence of hypertension, at least among Whites. Understanding the mechanisms, such as the role of access to care, for these associations can guide prevention strategies.