tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 20956: Acute Kidney Injury Following Angiography and Endovascular Therapy for Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease: An Analysis From the National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Haley K Hughston, Joel Michalek, John P Martinez, Dale T Hoang, Aron Trevino, Kamal Gupta, Reza Masoomi, Anand Prasad
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Patients undergoing endovascular therapy (EVT) for lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are at risk for acute kidney injury (AKI). The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of AKI in the context of EVT from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS). Methods: Patient admissions in the NIS were queried from 2003-2012. The admissions were limited to non-dialysis patients with either critical limb ischemia (CLI) or claudication undergoing either EVT and/or angiography. AKI was defined using a composite of ICD-9 codes which have been previously validated in this context. Available comorbidity data, demographics, and inpatient outcomes (AKI, mortality) were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models with age expressed in decades. Results: 552,484 admissions for CLI and 441,736 for claudication were included. The incidence of AKI is shown in the figure. The multivariate predictors of AKI in patients with claudication undergoing EVT only included age (OR 1.05, CI [1.02-1.09], P&lt;0.001), female gender (OR 1.1, CI [1.01-1.15], P=0.03), heart failure (OR 2.8, CI [2.6-3.1], P&lt;0.001), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR 6.5, CI [6.0-7.1], P&lt;0.001), and diabetes (OR 1.1, CI [1.05-1.2], P=0.001). A similar analysis for CLI patients revealed the following predictors: age (OR 1.1, CI [1.09-1.12], P&lt;0.001), heart failure (OR 2.1, CI [2.05-2.22], P&lt;0.001), CKD (OR 2.8, CI [2.7-2.9], P&lt;0.001), diabetes (OR 1.2, CI [1.1-1.2], P&lt;0.001), and stroke (OR 1.6, CI [1.45-1.7], P&lt;0.001). AKI was an independent predictor of mortality in patients undergoing EVT with either claudication (OR 17.8 [15.5, 20.5], P&lt;0.001) or CLI (OR 4.6 [4.2, 4.9], P&lt;0.001). Conclusions: AKI occurs in approximately 3.5% of patients undergoing endovascular procedures for claudication and 10.9% in CLI patients. CKD and heart failure are the strongest risk factors for AKI. AKI is an independent predictor of inpatient mortality.
Abstract P161: Variation in Five-Year Weight Loss Patterns Following Bariatric Surgery by Insurance Status
Authors: Erin Takemoto, Bruce Wolfe, Corey Nagel, Janne Boone-Heinonen
Journal: Circulation (2017)

In the general population, bariatric surgery facilitates sustained weight loss and remission of comorbidities (e.g., CVD). The effectiveness among Medicaid beneficiaries, a population with a disproportionately high burden of obesity, remains unclear. We sought to determine if patterns of weight change following bariatric surgery differed in patients with Medicaid compared to commercial insurance. Data were obtained from the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery, an observational cohort study of adults undergoing bariatric surgery (2006-2009) at one of 6 geographically diverse centers. We used group-based trajectory models (PROC TRAJ, SAS) to identify discrete groups of individuals with similar weight trajectories over 5-years; we considered cubic trajectory models with between 1 and 6 groups. We selected the 6-group model based on Bayesian Information Criteria, visual fit and statistical significance of parameter estimates. We tested demographic predictors against trajectory group membership; Medicaid (n=174) vs. Commercial (n=991) was our primary predictor of interest. Medicaid participants had higher mean weight at baseline compared to the commercially insured (307.9 vs. 291.2 lbs), but lost a similar amount of weight over time (74.8 vs 85.0 lbs). All groups experienced the most weight loss in year 1 (Figure). Group 6 was the heaviest at baseline and began to regain weight after year 1; groups 1-5 continued to lose weight through year 2. Group’s 1 &amp; 2 weight remained stable over 5 years while groups 3-6 began to slowly regain weight. Medicaid beneficiaries were more likely to be in group 4 (OR 3.2, 95% CI: 1.2, 8.6), group 5 (OR 5.7, 95% CI: 2.0, 16.1) and group 6 (OR 7.9, 95% CI: 2.5, 25.1) compared to group 1. Medicaid beneficiaries experience substantial long term weight loss. However, they had higher baseline weight and tended to be in groups with less long-term weight loss compared to the commercially insured. Focusing on tailored interventions to specific patient groups could help maintain weight loss.
Circadian Expression of Migratory Factors Establishes Lineage-Specific Signatures that Guide the Homing of Leukocyte Subsets to Tissues
Authors: Wenyan He, Stephan Holtkamp, Sophia Martina Hergenhan, Kerstin Kraus, Alba de Juan, Jasmin Weber, Paul Bradfield, Julien Martin Pierre Grenier, Jeoffrey Pelletier, David Druzd, Chien-Sin Chen, Louise Madeleine Ince, Susanne Bierschenk, Robert Pick, Markus Sperandio, Michel Aurrand-Lions, Christoph Scheiermann
Journal: Immunity (2018)

The number of leukocytes present in circulation varies throughout the day, reflecting bone marrow output and emigration from blood into tissues. Using an organism-wide circadian screening approach, we detected oscillations in pro-migratory factors that were distinct for specific vascular beds and individual leukocyte subsets. This rhythmic molecular signature governed time-of-day-dependent homing behavior of leukocyte subsets to specific organs. Ablation of BMAL1, a transcription factor central to circadian clock function, in endothelial cells or leukocyte subsets demonstrated that rhythmic recruitment is dependent on both microenvironmental and cell-autonomous oscillations. These oscillatory patterns defined leukocyte trafficking in both homeostasis and inflammation and determined detectable tumor burden in blood cancer models. Rhythms in the expression of pro-migratory factors and migration capacities were preserved in human primary leukocytes. The definition of spatial and temporal expression profiles of pro-migratory factors guiding leukocyte migration patterns to organs provides a resource for the further study of the impact of circadian rhythms in immunity.
Prescribing cannabis based drugs: response from NICE and Health Education England
Authors: Marion Spring, Helen Bingham, Sue Lacey Bryant
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Further to Hamilton’s recommendation that general practitioners consult Google Scholar and ask their colleagues if they are unsure about prescribing cannabis,1 we write to remind readers in England that they have 24/7 access to reliable sources of evidence to inform clinical decisions.

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence’s evidence search (https://www.evidence.nhs.uk) provides access to authoritative evidence on health, social care, and public health. …
Participating in Mental, Social, and Physical Leisure Activities and Having a Rich Social Network Reduce the Incidence of Diabetes-Related Dementia in a Cohort of Swedish Older Adults
Authors: Anna Marseglia, Hui-Xin Wang, Debora Rizzuto, Laura Fratiglioni, Weili Xu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

OBJECTIVE The effect of a healthy lifestyle on diabetes-related dementia remains unknown. We examined whether an active lifestyle and rich social network may counteract the increased risk of dementia in people with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Dementia-free older adults from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K) (n = 2,650) were followed up for 10 years. Diabetes was ascertained on the basis of medical history, medication use, medical records, or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5% and prediabetes as HbA1c between 5.7 and 6.5%. Dementia was diagnosed by specialists following standard criteria. An active lifestyle was defined as a moderate to high (vs. low) level of engagement in leisure activities or a rich social network (having moderate to rich [vs. poor] social connections and support). Hazard ratios (HRs) of dementia risk were derived from Cox regression models. RESULTS There were 246 incident dementia cases during follow-up. Those with diabetes (n = 243), but not those with prediabetes (n = 921), had greater risk of dementia (adjusted HR 2.0 [95% CI 1.4–2.9]) than diabetes-free participants. Participants with diabetes but low level of engagement in leisure activities (HR 4.2 [95% CI 2.2–8.2]) or a poor social network (HR 3.4 [95% CI 1.9–6.1]) had greater dementia risk than diabetes-free participants with moderate to high levels of leisure activity engagement or a moderate to rich social network. In participants with diabetes, an active lifestyle (high level of engagement in leisure activities or a rich social network) was associated with less of a raised risk (HR 1.9 [95% CI 1.1–3.4]). CONCLUSIONS An active and socially integrated lifestyle may significantly counteract the detrimental effect of diabetes on dementia risk.
Predictors of quality of life, symptoms of anxiety, and depression in Latino patients with cervical cancer.
Authors: Oscar Galindo Vazquez, Mayra CU Menes, David Ortiz, Abelardo Meneses-Garcia, Jose Luis Aguilar, Gonzalo Montalvo-Esquivel, Ángel Herrera Gómez, Rosario Caballero-Tinoco
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

171 Background: Cervical cancer is considered one of the most frequent cancers among women and with the greatest causes of death in the world. In Mexico it is considered the second cause of death. Objective: The identify predictors of quality-of-life, symptomatology of anxiety and depression in patients with cervical cancer. Methods: 192 patients with cervical cancer aged between 44 and 60 years were included, through interview and consultation of the clinical file, information on sociodemographic and clinical variables were obtained. Instrument: European Organization Scale for Cancer Research and Treatment and Quality of Life (EORTC QLC-C30) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Statistical analysis: Chi square or Fisher´s exact test. The association of the variables was evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Results: 48% had poor quality of life, 24% with depression, and 29% with anxiety.The predictors of a low quality of life are: presenting one or more comorbidities, family history with cancer, presenting anxious, and depressive symptoms Conclusions: Psychological assumptions are predictors of variables such as quality of life, in a population with cervical cancer, in Mexico this group of patients have low educational and economic levels. Psychosocial care programs are required in this group of Latina women.
Baby is born after uterus transplantation from dead donor
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2018)

A woman in Brazil is said to be the first in the world to give birth after a transplantation of a uterus from a deceased donor. The medical breakthrough, reported in the Lancet , could offer more options to infertile women without the need for living donors.1

The first birth after uterine transplantation from a living donor occurred in Sweden in 2013. Since then there have been 39 similar procedures, resulting in 11 live births. However, living donors are …
Shropshire trust at centre of child death inquiry is rated inadequate
Authors: Adrian O’Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2018)

A hospital trust currently being investigated for child deaths has had its inspection rating downgraded to “inadequate” by the NHS regulator the Care Quality Commission.

In its inspection report into the Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust published on 29 November,1 the CQC said that it had particular concerns about the trust’s maternity and accident and emergency services.

The trust admitted its shortcomings but urged the general public not to lose sight of the good work it was doing and that a third of all categories inspected by the CQC had been rated as “good” by inspectors.

The trust serves a …
Reply to Erik Rud, Peter Lauritzen, and Eduard Baco's Letter to the Editor re: Henrik Grönberg, Martin Eklund, Wolfgang Picker, et al. Prostate Cancer Diagnostics Using a Combination of the Stockholm3 Blood Test and Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Eur Urol 2018;74:722–8
Authors: Martin Eklund, Peter Ström, Henrik Grönberg, Tobias Nordström
Journal: European Urology (2018)
18F-FDG PET and Bone Scintigraphy of Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma
Authors: Marc-Antoine Hubaut, Alice Jaillard, Capucine Eloy, Gregory Petyt
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

We report the case of a 31-year-old woman with left foot bones located epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. It is a rare type of vascular tumor, locally aggressive with metastatic potential. It was revealed by a chronic isolated left foot pain. Conventional imaging showed multiple osteolytic lesions of the bones, appearing aggressive. Both bone scintigraphy and F-FDG PET showed an increased uptake of these lesions and confirmed the limited extent to distal extremity of the left lower limb. Final diagnosis was given on a surgical biopsy. Patient was treated by hyperthermic chemotherapy using isolated limb perfusion.
Resecting a small gastrointestinal stromal tumor: feasible, but are you feeling lucky today?
Authors: Kenneth Binmoeller
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have the potential to undergo malignant transformation. Given that the endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) appearance of GISTs is not specific, and that EUS-guided tissue sampling may not be sufficient to distinguish a GIST from a leiomyoma, or a malignant GIST from a benign one, an argument can be made for resection of any lesion suspected of being a GIST, regardless of its size. Various endoscopic techniques have been developed to resect or ablate suspected GISTs. These include endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), endoscopic enucleation, endoscopic ligation, endoscopic ligation and enucleation (ELE), endoscopic full-thickness resection, and submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) [1].
Abstract 14013: Direct Comparison of Disease-Specific versus TALEN-Corrected iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes from Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients
Authors: Antje Ebert, Johannes Riegler, Ioannis Karakikes, Vittavat Termglinchan, Mohammed Mameen, Haodi Wu, Qi Shen, Ting-Yuan Yeh, Joseph Gold, Joseph C Wu
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Recent advances in regenerative medicine for cardiovascular disease (CVD) therapy focus on delivery of autologous induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) to recover heart function without immunosuppression. Here, we perform a direct comparison of iPSC-CMs from a healthy individual, a DCM patient, and following genome-correction with transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) both in vitro and in vivo. Methods &amp; Results: We established patient-specific iPSC-CMs that recapitulate DCM disease-phenotypes in-vitro, including disrupted sarcomeres and impaired Ca2+ handling (p&lt;0.05). We corrected the patient′s DCM-specific mutation R173W in the TNNT2 locus via TALEN-mediated footprint-free genome editing. Isogenic TALEN-corrected iPSC-CMs recovered functional properties comparable to healthy control. Ca2+ transient analysis revealed no significant difference between TALEN-corrected iPSC-CMs and healthy control regarding amplitude (ΔF/F0 4.71±0.55), decay (277.6 ±28.2 ms), and time to peak (240.5±22.5 ms). Confocal microscopy of TALEN-corrected iPSC-CMs confirmed sarcomeric structures as in healthy control (Fig 1). We transplanted (i) 1x10*7 DCM iPSC-CMs, (ii) 1x10*7 TALEN-corrected iPSC-CMs, and (iii) 1x10*7 healthy control iPSC-CMs into a subacute myocardial infarct (MI) rat model (n=15/group). Cell engraftment into the host myocardium was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Comprehensive functional analysis via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), echocardiography is underway. Conclusions: We generated TALEN-corrected iPSC-CMs from a DCM patient, which recover in vitro functional parameters of healthy control iPSC-CMs. We transplanted for the first time patient-specific and TALEN-corrected iPSC-CMs into a rodent MI model. This approach may represent a viable option for mechanistic analysis and regenerative medicine in CVD patients. Figure 1:
MUC2 mucin gene regulation in gastric cells
Authors: Patrícia C. Mesquita, Nicolas Jonckheere, Raquel Almeida, Jacinta Serpa, Filipe Santos Silva, Celso Reis, Isabelle Van Seuningen, Leonor David
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

971  Normal gastric mucosa shows little or no expression of the intestinal mucin MUC2. In intestinal metaplasia, a preneoplastic lesion of the stomach characterized by the transdifferentiation of the gastric mucosa to an intestinal phenotype, there are alterations in the mucin expression pattern including de novo expression of MUC2, mostly in goblet cells. Thirty percent of gastric carcinomas, including all carcinomas of the mucinous type, also aberrantly express MUC2 intestinal mucin. - In order to understand the mechanisms underlying the absence of MUC2 expression in normal stomach and its de novo expression in intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma we analyzed the methylation levels of nine CpG sites of MUC2 promoter in mucinous gastric carcinomas and in normal gastric mucosa. Our results suggested that MUC2 expression in gastric cells is regulated by promoter methylation and further indicated that two specific CpG sites could play a particularly important regulatory role. Because activating protein-2 (AP-2) putative binding sites were found around these two CpG sites our aim was to establish the role of methylation of these AP-2 binding sites in the regulation of MUC2 expression in gastric cells. To this end, we carried-out electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) studies with oligonucleotides corresponding to methylated and unmethylated AP2-binding sites in order to see if the binding of this transcription factor to the CpG sites in the MUC2 promoter is methylation-dependent. - Recently we have also demonstrated direct involvement of the Cdx-2 homeodomain protein in the transcriptional regulation of the MUC2 gene in gastric carcinoma cells. We observed a higher transactivation effect of Cdx-2 on the MUC2 promoter construct comprising nucleotides -947 to +27. This construct contains the two Cdx-2 binding sites present in the smaller construct -371/+27, but includes an additional 576 nucleotides. Transfection experiments indicated that the -947/-372 region is essential for transcriptional regulation of MUC2 in gastric carcinoma cell lines. Additional work is thus being done to determine if other transcription factors with putative binding sites in the -947/+27 region, such as NF-kB, are participating in MUC2 regulation in gastric cells, similarly to what has been shown in tracheobronchial epithelial cells.
Associations between Ozone and Fine Particulate Matter and Respiratory Illness Found to Vary between Children and Adults. Implications for U.S. Air Quality Policy
Authors: Paul English, John Balmes
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2018)

repeated measurements in the clinical setting.A noninvasive test of neutrophil exocytosis would be required before this biomarker could be translated to the clinical setting.Neutrophil exocytosis-specific inhibitors with antiinflammatory activity have been developed and tested in animal models (10).Could these small-molecule drugs have therapeutic potential in CF lung disease?Although this is an enticing prospect, our understanding of the process of neutrophil degranulation is still in its infancy; therefore, it is difficult to predict whether the neutrophil activation process would be an appropriate therapeutic target.If the major driver for enzyme release is cell death rather than exocytosis from live neutrophils, then pursuing the antiprotease shield mechanism would likely be a more successful approach.Ultimately, longitudinal studies directly assessing neutrophil degranulation will be required to determine exactly how NE and other neutrophilderived products damage the airways, to better define the best targets for antiinflammatory treatment in patients with CF.
Ex Vivo Tumor‐on‐a‐Chip Platforms to Study Intercellular Interactions within the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Vardhman Kumar, Shyni Varghese
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)

Abstract The emergence of immunotherapies and recent FDA approval of several of them makes them a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. While these advancements underscore the potential of engaging the immune system to target tumors, this approach has so far been efficient only for certain cancers. Extending immunotherapy as a widely acceptable treatment for various cancers requires a deeper understanding of the interactions of tumor cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The immune cells are a key component of the TME, which also includes other stromal cells, soluble factors, and extracellular matrix‐based cues. While in vivo studies function as a gold standard, tissue‐engineered microphysiological tumor models can offer patient‐specific insights into cancer‐immune interactions. These platforms, which recapitulate cellular and non‐cellular components of the TME, enable a systematic understanding of the contribution of each component toward disease progression in isolation and in concert. Microfluidic‐based microphysiological platforms recreating these environments, also known as “tumor‐on‐a‐chip,” are increasingly being utilized to study the effect of various elements of TME on tumor development. Herein are reviewed advancements in tumor‐on‐a‐chip technology that are developed and used to understand the interaction of tumor cells with other surrounding cells, including immune cells, in the TME.
Correction to: Dual RNA-seq reveals viral infections in asthmatic children without respiratory illness which are associated with changes in the airway transcriptome
Authors: Agata Wesolowska-Andersen, Jamie L. Everman, Rebecca Davidson, Cydney Rios, Rachelle Herrin, Celeste Eng, William J. Janssen, Andrew H. Liu, Sam S. Oh, Rajesh Kumar, Tasha E. Fingerlin, Jose Rodriguez-Santana, Esteban G. Burchard, Max A. Seibold
Journal: Genome biology (2018)

In our recent article [1], it has come to our attention that the sample labels are not consistent between Table 1, the data labels deposited in the Sequence Read Archive, and Additional file 1: Table S2. We are therefore providing an updated Additional file 1: Table S2 so identical samples now have the same label.