tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Drug repurposing to treat asthma and allergic disorders: Progress and prospects
Authors: R. L. Kruse, K. Vanijcharoenkarn
Journal: Allergy (2017)

Allergy and atopic asthma have continued to become more prevalent in modern society despite the advent of new treatments, representing a major global health problem. Common medications such as antihistamines and steroids can have undesirable long-term side-effects and lack efficacy in some resistant patients. Biologic medications are increasingly given to treatment-resistant patients, but they can represent high costs, complex dosing and management, and are not widely available around the world. The field needs new, cheap, and convenient treatment options in order to bring better symptom relief to patients. Beyond continued research and development of new drugs, a focus on drug repurposing could alleviate this problem by repositioning effective and safe small-molecule drugs from other fields of medicine and applying them toward the treatment for asthma and allergy. Herein, preclinical models, case reports, and clinical trials of drug repurposing efficacy in allergic disease are reviewed. Novel drugs are also proposed for repositioning based on their mechanism of action to treat asthma and allergy. Overall, drug repurposing could become increasingly important as a way of advancing allergy and atopic asthma therapy, filling a need in treatment of patients today.
AB0236 Association of lyve-1 protein in exosome with disease activity as a new candidate biomarker for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: J Yoo, SK Lee, M Lim, D Sheen, E-H Choi, SA Kim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Exosomes, membrane-bound vesicles of 40–100 nm in diameter, have protein and lipid composition that depends on the cell origin, the state of activation, infection and/or transformation of the parent cells. Those proteins and lipid have a role in mediating inflammatory and autoimmune disease as well. Discovery of inflammatory marker to evaluate appropriate response of treatment could give effective timing to adjust treatment for rheumatoid arthritis patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of the study was to identify protein candidates in exosome being related with other inflammatory parameters. <h3>Methods</h3> The study population consisted of 60 RA patients, in which there were 30 patients of clinical remission (CR) group with DAS28-ESR≦2.6 and 30 patients of non-clinical remission (non-CR) group with DAS28-ESR&gt;2.6. By exosome preparation with ExoQuick<sup>TM</sup> kit and protein identification with tandem mass tags labeling/mass spectrometry between the groups, potent protein markers were selected. Level of the proteins was measured by ELISA. <h3>Results</h3> We identified 6 proteins by proteomics approach. Amyloid A (AA) and lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor-1 (LYVE-1) was identified with different levels in exosome between CR group and non-CR group. AA levels of both serum and exosome were higher in non-CR group than CR group (p value=0.001). Significant positive correlations were found between exosome AA level and CRP as well as between serum AA level and CRP (ρ=0.614, p value=0.001 and ρ=0.624, p value=0.001). Though LYVE-1 level of serum was not different between non-CR group and CR group, LYVE-1 level of exosome was lower in non-CR group than CR group (p value=0.01). We found positive correlations between serum/exosome of LYVE-1 and CRP in only non-CR group (serum ρ=0.376, p value=0.04; exosome ρ=0.545, p value=0.002). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We suggest that LYVE-1 in exosome can be used as an additional marker of disease activity in RA patients and this study provides the evidence about the role of exosome for RA as the carrier of useful marker. <h3>References</h3> Mathivanan S, Ji H, Simpson RJ. Exosomes: extracellular organelles important in intercellular communication. J Proteomics. 2010 Sep;73(10):1907–20. Shen C, Sun X-G, Liu N, et al. Increased serum amyloid A and its association with autoantibodies, acute phase reactants and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Mol Med Rep. 2015;11(2):1528–34. Nunomiya K, Shibata Y, Abe S, et al. Relationship between serum level of lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 and prognosis in patients with lung cancer. J Cancer. 2014;5(3):242–7. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Effects of ambient PM 1 air pollution on daily emergency hospital visits in China: an epidemiological study
Authors: Gongbo Chen, Shanshan Li, Yongming Zhang, Wenyi Zhang, Daowei Li, Xuemei Wei, Yong He, Michelle L Bell, Gail Williams, Guy B Marks, Bin Jalaludin, Michael J Abramson, Yuming Guo
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2017)

BackgroundChina is experiencing severe ambient air pollution. However, few studies anywhere have examined the health effects of PM1 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <1 μm), which are a major part of PM2·5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2·5 μm) and even potentially more harmful than PM2·5. We aimed to estimate the effects of ambient daily PM1 and PM2·5 concentrations on emergency hospital visits in China.MethodsIn this epidemiological study, we collected daily counts of emergency hospital visits from the 28 largest hospitals in 26 Chinese cities from Sept 9, 2013, to Dec 31, 2014. Ground-based monitoring data for PM1 and PM2·5 and meteorological data were also collected. Hospital-specific emergency hospital visits associated with PM1 or PM2·5 were evaluated with a time-series Poisson regression. The effect estimates were then pooled at the country level using a random-effects meta-analysis.FindingsThe mean daily concentration of PM1 in all cities was 42·5 μg/m3 (SD 34·6) and of PM2·5 was 51·9 μg/m3 (41·5). The mean daily number of emergency hospital visits in all hospitals was 278 (SD 173). PM1 and PM2·5 concentrations were significantly associated with an increased risk of emergency hospital visits at lag 0–2 days (cumulative relative risk [RRs] 1·011 [95% CI 1·006–1·017] for a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM1 and 1·010 [1·005–1·016] for a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2·5). Slightly higher RRs of ambient PM1 and PM2·5 pollution were noted among women and children than among men and adults, respectively, but without statistical significance. Given a cause-effect association, 4·47% (95% CI 2·05–6·79) and 5·05% (2·23–7·75) of daily emergency hospital visits in China could be attributed to ambient PM1 and PM2·5 pollution, respectively.InterpretationExposure to both ambient PM1 and PM2·5 were significantly associated with increased emergency hospital visits. The results suggest that most of the health effects of PM2·5 come from PM1.FundingNone.
PhyloNetworks: A Package for Phylogenetic Networks
Authors: Claudia Solís-Lemus, Paul Bastide, Cécile Ané
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2017)

PhyloNetworks is a Julia package for the inference, manipulation, visualization, and use of phylogenetic networks in an interactive environment. Inference of phylogenetic networks is done with maximum pseudolikelihood from gene trees or multi-locus sequences (SNaQ), with possible bootstrap analysis. PhyloNetworks is the first software providing tools to summarize a set of networks (from a bootstrap or posterior sample) with measures of tree edge support, hybrid edge support, and hybrid node support. Networks can be used for phylogenetic comparative analysis of continuous traits, to estimate ancestral states or do a phylogenetic regression. The software is available in open source and with documentation at https://github.com/crsl4/PhyloNetworks.jl.
Vulvar cancer in Germany: Increase of incidence and change of tumor-biological characteristics in the period 1974-2013.
Authors: Jana Barinoff, Jalid Sehouli, Bernd Holleczek
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e17031 Background: Incidence of vulvar cancer in Germany is increasing. Gynecological oncologists reported to observe increasing numbers of women presenting with small tumors. The aim of the presented study is to validate this observation on a population level and to extend available incidence data. Methods: Data from the population-based Saarland Cancer Registry (CR) were used and included 1,136 female patients diagnosed with invasive vulvar cancer (ICD-10 code: C51) between 1974 and 2013. Multiple imputation methodology was used to overcome loss of precision and potential bias. Incidence trends were investigated with regard to patient and tumor characteristics. Results: During the study period, the age standardized rate of incidence increased from 1.6 to 7.9 cases per 100,000 women per year (+390%). Since 1989, the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma increased from 1.7 to 7.1 (+320%), whereas no increase was observed in other morphologic types. Simultaneously, the incidence of small vulvar tumors &lt;= 2 cm (T1) increased from 0.8 in 1989-93 to 6.6 in 2009-13 (the proportion of T1 tumors increased from 34% to 79%, respectively). Patients aged &gt;= 75 years suffered from more advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. Conclusions: The detailed analyses revealed that the observed increase in vulvar cancer in the past 15 years mainly resulted from newly incident squamous cell carcinomas. Furthermore, the analyses showed an almost exclusive increase of T1 tumors. An increase in vulvar cancer incidence as shown for Germany could not be observed for any other European country.
Supplement Use and Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in a Cooperative Group Trial (S0221): The DELCaP Study
Authors: Gary R Zirpoli, Susan E McCann, Lara E Sucheston-Campbell, Dawn L Hershman, Gregory Ciupak, Warren Davis, Joseph M Unger, Halle C F Moore, James A Stewart, Claudine Isaacs, Timothy J Hobday, Muhammad Salim, Gabriel N Hortobagyi, Julie R Gralow, G Thomas Budd, Kathy S Albain, Christine B Ambrosone
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2017)

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) can interfere with daily function and quality of life, and there are no known preventive approaches. In a cohort of breast cancer patients receiving paclitaxel as part of a clinical trial (SWOG 0221), we examined the use of dietary supplements both before diagnosis and during treatment in relation to CIPN.At registration to S0221, 1225 breast cancer patients completed questionnaires regarding the use of multivitamins and supplements before and at diagnosis. A second questionnaire at six months queried use during treatment. Supplement use was evaluated in relation to CIPN, assessed via the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v. 3.0) and the self-reported Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group Neurotoxicity (FACT/GOG-Ntx) subscale. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed with logistic regression for the CTCAE analyses and ordinal regression for the FACT/GOG-Ntx analyses.Multivitamin use before diagnosis was associated with reduced symptoms of CIPN (CTCAE-adjusted OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.42 to 0.87; FACT/GOG-Ntx-adjusted OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.61 to 1.00). Use during treatment was marginally inversely associated with CIPN (CTCAE-adjusted OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.49 to 1.08; FACT/GOG-Ntx-adjusted OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.60 to 0.99). Other supplement use, either before diagnosis or during treatment, was not statistically significantly associated with CIPN.Multivitamin use may be associated with reduced risk of CIPN, although individual dietary supplement use did not appreciably affect risk. Multivitamin use could be a surrogate for other related behaviors that are the actual drivers of the association with reduced CIPN. Without prospective randomized trials of vitamin supplementation, recommendations for use or changes to clinical practice are clearly not warranted.
Clinical Implications of TP53 Mutations in Adult Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Treated with the Hypercvad-Based Regimens
Authors: Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna, Preetesh Jain, Raja Luthra, Keyur P. Patel, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Koichi Takahashi, Farhad Ravandi, Koji Sasaki, Tapan M. Kadia, Gautam Borthakur, Marina Konopleva, Nitin Jain, Rebecca Garris, Sherry Pierce, Zeev Estrov, William G. Wierda, Susan M. O'Brien, Jorge E. Cortes, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Elias J. Jabbour
Journal: Blood (2016)
均一ポリ(エチレングリコール)ヒドロゲルの生成のためのチオール マレイミドのマイケルタイプ付加ゲル化速度論の動力学の制御【Powered by NICT】
Authors: J Darling Nicole, Hung Yiu-Sun, Sharma Shruti, Segura Tatiana
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Paraneoplastic Neuromyotonia
Authors: Efthimios Dardiotis, Styliani Ralli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A 70-year-old man with coronary artery disease, COPD, and a 40-pack-year smoking history presented with muscle twitching and spasms, excessive sweating, and a 10-kg weight loss. Examination revealed undulating muscle twitching and fasciculations, shown in a video.
Comparison of Laboratory Data of Patients with Tafro Syndrome and Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease: A Japanese Retrospective Study
Authors: Shino Fujimoto, Hiroshi Kawabata, Nozomu Kurose, Kazue Takai, Masaru Kojima, Norifumi Tsukamoto, Tomohiro Kinoshita, Shigeo Nakamura, Sadao Aoki, Yasufumi Masaki
Journal: Blood (2016)
Effectiveness of fluticasone furoate plus vilanterol on asthma control in clinical practice: an open-label, parallel group, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ashley Woodcock, Jørgen Vestbo, Nawar Diar Bakerly, John New, J Martin Gibson, Sheila McCorkindale, Rupert Jones, Susan Collier, James Lay-Flurrie, Lucy Frith, Loretta Jacques, Joanne L Fletcher, Catherine Harvey, Henrik Svedsater, David Leather, David Adams-Strump, Lawrence S. Addlestone, Arash Afshar, Joann Amin, Richard Archer, Mark Austin, Ashraf Bakhat, John Behardien, Joseph M. Borg-Costanzi, Grainne Breen, Nicholas Browne, Colin Brunt, Krishnakant H. Buch, Peter Budden, Joseph Chandy, Ashish Chaudhry, Lovleen Cheema, Nagesh Chennupati, Susan Coulson, Laurence Cribbin, David Dillon, Amal El-Kafrawy, Elizabeth Elliott, Babar Farooq, Niall A. Finegan, Peter Fink, Andrew Fletcher, Sally Frier, Clare Gibbons, Lovereet Gill, Damien Herron, Brian Hope, Rachel E. Howard, Claire Hughes, Stephen Iles, Paul Jackson, Mark Jarvis, Vijaya Joshi, Naresh Kanumilli, Riaz A. Khan, Mohammed Khan, See Kwok, Nigel Lord, Chioneso Mafunga, Colin I. Malcomson, Denis K. McCarthy, Howard S. Milligan, Praful Patel, Shailesh J. Patel, Venkatachalum B. Raj, Keith A. Richardson, Ramzan Salim, Ross B. Seaton, Devang Shah, Mitesh Sharma, Harjit Singh, Nicholas Smith, Nedi N. Smyrniou, Michael Stamp, Philip Stratford-Smith, Mohammed Sultan, Ranjit S. Sumra, Jeremy Tankel, Ugo I.N. Umeadi, Colin Westwood, Julie White, Helen C. Wilkinson, Raymond G. Wilson, Simon A. Wright, Andrew T. Wright
Journal: The Lancet (2017)
Margaret McCartney: Nuclear weapons do harm, even if never used
Authors: Margaret McCartney
Journal: BMJ (2017)

By Loch Long, a couple of hours’ cycle ride from Glasgow, the wind was biting, the sun was shining, and the nuclear weapons were just across the water. I went to my first protest at Faslane when I was a medical student in the late 1980s. The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament was a visible protest group then, rather than a symbol seen on T shirts sold to fashionable people with no allegiance to the cause.

I was a student member of the Medical Campaign Against Nuclear Weapons—now known as MedAct—which was affiliated to International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW). Truth be told, …
19F磁気共鳴画像(~19F MRI)を用いたアミロイドイメージング【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Tooyama Ikuo, Yanagisawa Daijiro, Taguchi Hiroyasu, Kato Tomoko, Hirao Koichi, Shirai Nobuaki, Sogabe Takayuki, Ibrahim Nor Faeizah, Inubushi Toshiro, Morikawa Shigehiro
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2016)
Phase 1 study of intravenous administration of the chimeric adenovirus enadenotucirev in patients undergoing primary tumor resection
Authors: Rocio Garcia-Carbonero, Ramon Salazar, Ignacio Duran, Ignacio Osman-Garcia, Luis Paz-Ares, Juan M. Bozada, Valentina Boni, Christine Blanc, Len Seymour, John Beadle, Simon Alvis, Brian Champion, Emiliano Calvo, Kerry Fisher
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Enadenotucirev (formerly ColoAd1) is a tumor-selective chimeric adenovirus with demonstrated preclinical activity. This phase 1 Mechanism of Action study assessed intravenous (IV) delivery of enadenotucirev in patients with resectable colorectal cancer (CRC), non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), urothelial cell cancer (UCC), and renal cell cancer (RCC) with a comparator intratumoral (IT) dosed CRC patient cohort. <h3>Methods</h3> Seventeen patients scheduled for primary tumor resection were enrolled. IT injection of enadenotucirev (CRC only) was administered as a single dose (≤ 3&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>11</sup> viral particles [vp]) on day 1, followed by resection during days 8–15. IV infusion of enadenotucirev was administered by three separate doses (1&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>12</sup> vp) on days 1, 3, and 5, followed by resection during days 8–15 (CRC) or days 10–25 (NSCLC, UCC, and RCC). Enadenotucirev activity was measured using immunohistochemical staining of nuclear viral hexon and quantitative polymerase chain reaction for viral genomic DNA. <h3>Results</h3> Delivery of enadenotucirev was observed in most tumor samples following IV infusion, with little or no demonstrable activity in normal tissue. This virus delivery (by both IV and IT dosing) was accompanied by high local CD8<sup>+</sup> cell infiltration in 80% of tested tumor samples, suggesting a potential enadenotucirev-driven immune response. Both methods of enadenotucirev delivery were well tolerated, with no treatment-associated serious adverse events. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study provides key delivery and feasibility data to support the use of IV infusion of enadenotucirev, or therapeutic transgene-bearing derivatives of it, in clinical trials across a range of epithelial tumors, including the ongoing combination study of enadenotucirev with the checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab. It also provides insights into the potential immune-stimulating properties of enadenotucirev. <h3>Trial registration</h3> This MOA study was a phase 1, multicenter, non-randomized, open-label study to investigate the administration of enadenotucirev in a preoperative setting (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02053220).
Preventing Cancer and Other Diseases Caused by Human Papillomavirus Infection
Authors: Douglas R. Lowy, John T. Schiller
Journal: JAMA (2017)

In this Viewpoint, 2017 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award winners Douglas Lowy and John Schiller discuss the development of the virus-like particle technology that was used to create the human papillomavirus vaccine to prevent cervical cancer and other diseases.
S1PR1 drives a feedforward signalling loop to regulate BATF3 and the transcriptional programme of Hodgkin lymphoma cells
Authors: K Vrzalikova, M Ibrahim, M Vockerodt, T Perry, S Margielewska, L Lupino, E Nagy, E Soilleux, D Liebelt, R Hollows, A Last, G Reynolds, M Abdullah, H Curley, M Care, D Krappmann, R Tooze, J Allegood, S Spiegel, W Wei, C B J Woodman, P G Murray
Journal: Leukemia (2017)

The Hodgkin/Reed–Sternberg cells of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are characterised by the aberrant activation of multiple signalling pathways. Here we show that a subset of HL displays altered expression of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors (S1PR)s. S1P activates phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K) in these cells that is mediated by the increased expression of S1PR1 and the decreased expression of S1PR2. We also showed that genes regulated by the PI3-K signalling pathway in HL cell lines significantly overlap with the transcriptional programme of primary HRS cells. Genes upregulated by the PI3-K pathway included the basic leucine zipper transcription factor, ATF-like 3 (BATF3), which is normally associated with the development of dendritic cells. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that BATF3 was expressed in HRS cells of most HL cases. In contrast, in normal lymphoid tissues, BATF3 expression was confined to a small fraction of CD30-positive immunoblasts. Knockdown of BATF3 in HL cell lines revealed that BATF3 contributed to the transcriptional programme of primary HRS cells, including the upregulation of S1PR1. Our data suggest that disruption of this potentially oncogenic feedforward S1P signalling loop could provide novel therapeutic opportunities for patients with HL.
Apparatus for Milking Mice
Authors: Kahler, Herbert
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1942)

Journal Article Apparatus for Milking Mice Get access Herbert Kahler Herbert Kahler senior biophysicist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 2, Issue 5, April 1942, Pages 457–458, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/2.5.457 Published: 01 April 1942
ナノ触媒はStreptococcus mutans生物膜マトリックスの分解を促進し,in vivoでう蝕抑制のための殺菌を増強する【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Gao Lizeng, Liu Yuan, Kim Dongyeop, Li Yong, Hwang Geelsu, C Naha Pratap, P Cormode David, Koo Hyun
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Extracellular matrix-derived extracellular vesicles promote cardiomyocyte growth and electrical activity in engineered cardiac atria
Authors: Minae An, Kihwan Kwon, Junbeom Park, Dong-Ryeol Ryu, Jung-A. Shin, Jihee Lee Kang, Ji Ha Choi, Eun-Mi Park, Kyung Eun Lee, Minna Woo, Minsuk Kim
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
Pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes: An update
Authors: Jagriti Upadhyay, Stergios A. Polyzos, Nikolaos Perakakis, Bindiya Thakkar, Stavroula A. Paschou, Niki Katsiki, Patricia Underwood, Kyung-Hee Park, Jochen Seufert, Eun Seok Kang, Elliot Sternthal, Asterios Karagiannis, Christos S. Mantzoros
Journal: Metabolism (2017)
ESMO-Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale version 1.1
Authors: N.I. Cherny, U. Dafni, J. Bogaerts, N.J. Latino, G. Pentheroudakis, J.-Y. Douillard, J. Tabernero, C. Zielinski, M.J. Piccart, E.G.E. de Vries
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Predictable adverse events such as respiratory depression highlight the need for caution when prescribing morphine for refractory breathlessness
Authors: Natasha Smallwood, John Politis, Brian Le
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

"A scientist's aim in a discussion with his colleagues is not to persuade, but to clarify" [1]. We therefore thank D.C. Currow and co-workers for both their comments and the opportunity to continue the discussion regarding the risks and benefits of using opioids to treat refractory chronic breathlessness. The purpose of our recent case report [2] is not to persuade clinicians to prescribe or not prescribe opioids for the off-licence indication of refractory breathlessness, but to highlight and clarify risks of prescribing opioids in this clinical setting and when practising real life medicine, which is so different from the carefully controlled and managed environment of clinical trials. Caution is needed when prescribing morphine for refractory breathlessness in the real world <http://ow.ly/DPxD30eabIJ>
Quality and Safety in Health Care, Part XXXII
Authors: Jay A. Harolds
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2017)

Mortality 12 months after a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is partly due to a number of reasons in addition to the usual preprocedural medical patient risk factors. In patients who need a permanent pacemaker placed after the procedure, the mortality risk goes up. The death rate following a TAVR varies considerably at different institutions, and the past death rate of TAVR patients at an institution is predictive of the mortality rate of new patients having this procedure. In addition, the quality of life of the individual before the procedure is predictive of the 12-month mortality outcome after the TAVR is done.