tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The History of Congenital Syphilis Behind <i>The Inheritance</i> by Edvard Munch
Authors: Antonio Perciaccante, Alessia Coralli
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Urine Arsenic and Arsenic Metabolites in U.S. Adults and Biomarkers of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Endothelial Dysfunction: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shohreh F. Farzan, Caitlin G. Howe, Michael S. Zens, Thomas Palys, Jacqueline Y. Channon, Zhigang Li, Yu Chen, Margaret R. Karagas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2017)

Background: Arsenic (As) exposure has been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and with biomarkers of potential CVD risk and inflammatory processes. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of As on such biomarkers in U.S. populations, which are typically exposed to low to moderate As concentrations. Objectives: We investigated associations between As exposures and biomarkers relevant to inflammation, oxidative stress, and CVD risk in a subset of participants from the New Hampshire Health Study, a population with low to moderate As exposure (n=418). Methods: Associations between toenail As, total urine As (uAs), and %uAs metabolites [monomethyl (%uMMAV), dimethyl (%uDMAV), and inorganic (%iAs) species] and plasma biomarkers, including soluble plasma vascular and cellular adhesion molecules (VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, respectively), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tumor necrosis factor-α, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and urinary oxidative stress marker 15-F2t-isoprostane (15-F2t-IsoP), were evaluated using linear regression models. Results: Covariate-adjusted estimates of associations with a doubling of urinary As suggested an 8.8% increase in 15-F2t-IsoP (95% CI: 3.2, 14.7), and a doubling of toenail As was associated with a 1.7% increase in VCAM-1 (95% CI: 0.2, 3.2). Additionally, a 5% increase in %uMMA was associated with a 7.9% increase in 15-F2t-IsoP (95% CI: 2.1, 14.1), and a 5% increase in %uDMA was associated with a 2.98% decrease in 15-F2t-IsoP [(95% CI: −6.1, 0.21); p=0.07]. However, in contrast with expectations, a doubling of toenail As was associated with a 2.3% decrease (95% CI: −4.3, −0.3) in MMP-9, and a 5% increase in %uMMA was associated with a 7.7% decrease (95% CI: −12.6, −2.5) in PAI-1. Conclusion: In a cross-sectional study of U.S. adults, we observed some positive associations of uAs and toenail As concentrations with biomarkers potentially relevant to CVD pathogenesis and inflammation, and evidence of a higher capacity to metabolize inorganic As was negatively associated with a marker of oxidative stress. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2062
α-Viniferin Improves Facial Hyperpigmentation via Accelerating Feedback Termination of cAMP/PKA-Signaled Phosphorylation Circuit in Facultative Melanogenesis
Authors: Cheong-Yong Yun, Seon Mi Ko, Yong Pyo Choi, Beom Joon Kim, Jungno Lee, Jae Mun Kim, Ju Yeon Kim, Jin Yong Song, Song-Hee Kim, Bang Yeon Hwang, Jin Tae Hong, Sang-Bae Han, Youngsoo Kim
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Rationale: cAMP up-regulates microphthalmia-associated transcription factor subtype M (MITF-M) and tyrosinase (Tyro) in the generation of heavily pigmented melanosomes. Here, we communicate a therapeutic mechanism of hyperpigmented disorder by α-viniferin, an active constituent of Caragana sinica. Methods: We used cAMP-elevated melanocyte cultures or facial hyperpigmented patches for pigmentation assays, and applied immunoprecipitation, immunobloting, RT-PCR or reporter gene for elucidation of the antimelanogenic mechanism. Results:C. sinica or α-viniferin inhibited melanin production in α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-, histamine- or cell-permeable cAMP-activated melanocyte cultures. Moreover, topical application with C. sinica containing α-viniferin, a standard in quality control, decreased melanin index on facial melasma and freckles in patients. As a molecular basis, α-viniferin accelerated protein kinase A (PKA) inactivation via the reassociation between catalytic and regulatory subunits in cAMP-elevated melanocytes, a feedback loop in the melanogenic process. α-Viniferin resultantly inhibited cAMP/PKA-signaled phosphorylation of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) coupled with dephosphorylation of cAMP-regulated transcriptional co-activator 1 (CRTC1), thus down-regulating expression of MITF-M or Tyro gene with decreased melanin pigmentation. Conclusion: This study assigned PKA inactivation, a feedback termination in cAMP-induced facultative melanogenesis, as a putative target of α-viniferin in the treatment of melanocyte-specific hyperpigmented disorder. Finally, C. sinica containing α-viniferin was approved as an antimelanogenic agent with topical application in skin hyperpigmentation.
Personalized antibodies for gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (PANGEA): A phase II precision medicine trial (NCT02213289).
Authors: Smita Suhas Joshi, Steven Brad Maron, S Lomnicki, Blase N. Polite, Manish Sharma, Jennifer Ibe, Kenisha Allen, Christine Racette, Murtuza M. Rampurwala, Andrea Louise Amico, Ardaman Shergill, Mark Kozloff, Brooke Elizabeth Phillips, Grace K. Suh, Sunil Narula, Shayan Rayani, Kristen Kipping-Johnson, Erin Wojak, Hedy L. Kindler, Daniel V.T. Catenacci
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

TPS198 Background: Targeted therapies (tx) in GEA have had limited efficacy despite recognition of numerous ‘targetable’ molecular events. This may be due to the molecular heterogeneity (MH) that exists between patients (pts), within the primary tumor (PT), between PT and synchronous metastatic lesions (MLs), and in lesions over time. Current biomarker profiling (BP) is performed on one site, usually the PT, yet this fails to capture the MH of GEA, with likely major clinical implications. Classic trial designs are challenged by MH, low frequency oncogenic drivers, and scarcity of tissue. There is need for novel trial designs and BP technologies that address these concerns, provide tx algorithms for pts with multiple aberrations, and have access to several txs. Methods: This phase IIa, open-label, non-randomized ‘platform trial’ enrolls pts with newly diagnosed metastatic GEA or recurrent disease after curative-intent surgery. Baseline tumor BP is performed on PT/ML along with circulating free (cf)DNA. Pts receive first line (1L) mFOLFOX6 + biologic tx based on BP of the ML using a prioritized tx algorithm (HER2+: trastuzumab; MET+: none; FGFR2+: none; EGFR+: ABT806; MSI-H: nivolumab; ‘RAS-like’: ramucirumab). MET/FGFR2 arms (~10% of all pts) are tx’d with cytotoxics only and followed for natural outcome until/if tx becomes available on study. At first progression (PD1), pts undergo biopsy of growing ML and change to 2L FOLFIRI + biologic agent as assigned in 1L tx. Upon results of PD1 biopsy, pts change to a new biologic tx if the molecular category evolves. At PD2, pts change to 3L FOLTAX + biologic as determined after PD1, and switch biologic tx from PD2 biopsy result. All PD1/PD2 tumor/cfDNA samples undergo BP to assess evolution and resistance mechanisms. Co-primary endpoints: safety, feasibility, and overall survival (OS) of this personalized treatment strategy (excluding MET/FGFR2) compared to historical controls (HR 0.66). Secondary endpoints include rate of baseline MH between PT and ML leading to new treatment assignment; utility of cfDNA; overall progression-free survival (PFS)/response rate (RR); OS/PFS/RR in each targetable group. Since 8/2015, 38 of 68 planned pts have been accrued. Clinical trial information: NCT02213289.
GPs are told to amend flu vaccine orders for next season
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2018)

For the next flu season, NHS England has told GPs to ensure that they order the quadrivalent vaccine for people aged 18 to 65 who are at risk and the newly licensed adjuvanted trivalent vaccine, Fluad, for patients aged over 65.

The letter, from NHS England and Public Health England,1 advises GPs and community pharmacy contractors to review any orders already made for the 2018-19 season and amend them if necessary. Suppliers have extended the deadline for orders until the end of March, and NHS England has confirmed that additional funding will be available in 2018-19 to support the use of adjuvanted trivalent vaccine and quadrivalent flu vaccine.

The quadrivalent vaccine protects against two strains of influenza …
GMC warns 8000 doctors they risk being struck off unless they engage with revalidation
Authors: Matthew Limb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The General Medical Council has urged nearly 8000 doctors to provide information for their revalidation within a month or risk losing their right to practise.

The GMC wrote to 54 000 doctors last year as part of its “Make your connection” campaign, asking them to confirm their designated body—the organisation that will help them to revalidate. But 7818 doctors have yet to respond. These doctors will now receive a final notice letter giving them …
Toward Immunocompetent 3D Skin Models
Authors: Aleta Pupovac, Berna Senturk, Chiara Griffoni, Katharina Maniura‐Weber, Markus Rottmar, Sally L. McArthur
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)

Abstract 3D human skin models provide a platform for toxicity testing, biomaterials evaluation, and investigation of fundamental biological processes. However, the majority of current in vitro models lack an inflammatory system, vasculature, and other characteristics of native skin, indicating scope for more physiologically complex models. Looking at the immune system, there are a variety of cells that could be integrated to create novel skin models, but to do this effectively it is also necessary to understand the interface between skin biology and tissue engineering as well as the different roles the immune system plays in specific health and disease states. Here, a progress report on skin immunity and current immunocompetent skin models with a focus on construction methods is presented; scaffold and cell choice as well as the requirements of physiologically relevant models are elaborated. The wide range of technological and fundamental challenges that need to be addressed to successfully generate immunocompetent skin models and the steps currently being made globally by researchers as they develop new models are explored. Induced pluripotent stem cells, microfluidic platforms to control the model environment, and new real‐time monitoring techniques capable of probing biochemical processes within the models are discussed.
IMPACT OF ENDOTHELIN-1 ON CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT VASCULOPATHY, LATE MORTALITY AND RE-TRANSPLANTATION FOLLOWING HEART TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Rushi Parikh, Kiran Khush, Helen Luikart, David Grimm, Michelle Yu, Alan Yeung, Hannah Valantine, William Fearon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Contract reform should be condition of any pay rise for doctors in 2014-15, Department of Health says
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Contract changes such as introducing seven day working should be a condition of doctors receiving the 1% basic pay rise set aside for public sector workers in 2014-15, the Department of Health for England has suggested.

In its submission to the Review Body on Doctors’ and Dentists’ Remuneration (DDRB),1 the department pointed out that, even with a pay freeze, employers have had to fund an additional £200m a year for annual pay progression.

“Last year, for example, employed doctors and dentists received a 1% basic pay rise, coupled with, for many, increments of up to 8%,” it said. “This is out of step with our wider policy on public sector pay and the ambitions the Chancellor set out in the Spending …
LONG TERM FOLLOW-UP OF CORONARY CALCIFICATION IN DIABETES COMPARED TO THOSE WITHOUT DIABETES: OBSERVATIONS FROM A REGISTRY OF 55,148 PATIENTS
Authors: Kashif Shaikh, Dong Li, Juhwan Lee, Rine Nakanishi, Yanglu Zhao, Eranthi Jayawardena, Chandana Shekar, Dhiran Verghese, Matthew Budoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Erratum: Uncovering Listeria monocytogenes hypervirulence by harnessing its biodiversity
Authors: Mylène M Maury, Yu-Huan Tsai, Caroline Charlier, Marie Touchon, Viviane Chenal-Francisque, Alexandre Leclercq, Alexis Criscuolo, Charlotte Gaultier, Sophie Roussel, Anne Brisabois, Olivier Disson, Eduardo P C Rocha, Sylvain Brisse, Marc Lecuit
Journal: Nature Genetics (2017)
Injectable, Tough Alginate Cryogels as Cancer Vaccines
Authors: Ting‐Yu Shih, Serena O. Blacklow, Aileen W. Li, Benjamin R. Freedman, Sidi Bencherif, Sandeep T. Koshy, Max C. Darnell, David J. Mooney
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)

Abstract A covalently crosslinked methacrylated (MA)‐alginate cryogel vaccine has been previously shown to generate a potent response against murine melanoma, but is not mechanically robust and requires a large 16G needle for delivery. Here, covalent and ionic crosslinking of cryogels are combined with the hypothesis that this will result in a tough MA‐alginate cryogel with improved injectability. All tough cryogels can be injected through a smaller, 18G needle without sustaining any damage, while covalently crosslinked‐only cryogels break after injection. Cytosine‐phosphodiester‐guanine (CpG)‐delivering tough cryogels effectively activate dendritic cells (DCs). Granulocyte macrophage colony‐stimulating factor releasing tough cryogels recruit four times more DCs than blank gels by day 7 in vivo. The tough cryogel vaccine induces strong antigen‐specific cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte and humoral responses. These vaccines prevent tumor formation in 80% of mice inoculated with HER2/neu‐overexpressing DD breast cancer cells. The MA‐alginate tough cryogels provide a promising minimally invasive delivery platform for cancer vaccinations.
TRENDS IN RESOURCE UTILIZATION AND OUTCOMES IN HYPERTROPHIC OBSTRUCTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY PATIENTS WITH ARRYTHMIAS
Authors: Sejal Savani, Byomesh Tripathi, Shilpkumar Arora, Chirag Savani, Sopan Lahewala, Mihir Dave, Varun Kumar, Harshil Shah, Nileshkumar Patel, Apurva Badheka, Abhishek Deshmukh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Short-Term Global Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction in Older Adults
Authors: Anum Saeed, Vijay Nambi, Wensheng Sun, Salim S. Virani, George E. Taffet, Anita Deswal, Elizabeth Selvin, Kunihiro Matsushita, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Ron Hoogeveen, Josef Coresh, James A. de Lemos, Christie M. Ballantyne
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Precision Medicine, Genome Sequencing, and Improved Population Health
Authors: W. Gregory Feero, Catherine A. Wicklund, David Veenstra
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Association of Standardization of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy and High-Value Care
Authors: Joshua Tseng, Ronald J. Halbert, Nareg Minissian, Hector Rodriguez, Shrinath Barathan, Patricia Hain, Rodrigo F. Alban
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

This cohort study assesses utilization patterns of continuous renal replacement therapy and attempts to establish evidence-based guidelines to standardize the process flow and to promote meaningful use.
Doctors still have lowest sickness rate of all NHS staff
Authors: Helen Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The sickness rate among doctors in England has shown a small rise over the past three years but remains the lowest of all NHS staff groups, figures from the Health and Social Care Information Centre indicate.

On average, hospital doctors took 2.8 working days off sick in 2012-13, up slightly from 2.7 days in 2011-12 and 2009-10.1 On an average …
Early Psychological Counseling for the Prevention of Posttraumatic Stress Induced by Acute Coronary Syndrome: The MI-SPRINT Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Roland von Känel, Jürgen Barth, Mary Princip, Rebecca E. Meister-Langraf, Jean-Paul Schmid, Hansjörg Znoj, Claudia Herbert, Ulrich Schnyder
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2018)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Acute coronary syndrome (ACS)-induced posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and clinically significant PTSD symptoms (PTSS) are found in 4 and 12% of patients, respectively. We hypothesized that trauma-focused counseling prevents the incidence of ACS-induced PTSS. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Within 48 h of hospital admission, 190 patients with high distress during ACS were randomized to a single-session intervention of either trauma-focused counseling or an active control intervention targeting the general role of stress in patients with heart disease. Blind interviewer-rated PTSS (primary outcome) and additional health outcomes were assessed at 3 months of follow-up. Trial results about prevalence were compared with data from previous studies on the natural incidence of ACS-induced PTSS/PTSD. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Intention-to-treat analyses revealed no difference in interviewer-rated PTSS between trauma-focused counseling (mean, 11.33; 95% Cl, 9.23-13.43) and stress counseling (9.88; 7.36-12.40; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.40), depressive symptoms (6.01, 4.98-7.03, vs. 4.71, 3.65-5.77; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.08), global psychological distress (5.15, 4.07-6.23, vs. 3.80, 2.60-5.00; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.11), and the risk for cardiovascular-related hospitalization/all-cause mortality (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.37-1.23). Self-rated PTSS indicated less beneficial effects with trauma-focused (6.54; 4.95-8.14) versus stress counseling (3.74; 2.39-5.08; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.017). The completer analysis (154 cases) confirmed these findings. The prevalence rates of interviewer-rated PTSD (0.5%, 1/190) and self-rated PTSS were in this trial much lower than in meta-analyses and observation studies from the same cardiology department. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Benefits were not seen for trauma-focused counseling when compared with an active control intervention. Nonetheless, in distressed ACS patients, individual, single-session, early psychological counseling shows potential as a means to prevent posttraumatic responses, but trauma-focused early treatments should probably be avoided.
Government must act to ease strain on GPs, say Nuffield Trust and King’s Fund
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2013)

NHS England must take action to ease the “significant strain” on UK general practitioners to encourage primary care to focus more on population health, a report has concluded.1

The report, by health think tanks the Nuffield Trust and the King’s Fund, said that NHS England should work with clinical commissioning groups to give GPs “support, incentives, and permission” to test out new approaches to delivering and organising primary care.

The review, commissioned by the former NHS Midlands and East Strategic Health Authority, assessed 21 different models of primary care organisation on their capacity to offer an extended range of services, including rapid and local access to generalist and specialist advice, effective population health strategies, and new forms of care …
Abstract P6-04-01: Rapalog everolimus induces G1 cell cycle arrest through autophagy-mediated protein degradation of cyclin D1 in breast cancer cells
Authors: G Chen, X-F Ding, H Bouamar, K Pressley, J Yang, L-Z Sun
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Rapamycin analogs (rapalogs) inhibit mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and are known to cause induction of autophagy and G1 cell cycle arrest. However, it remains unknown whether rapalog-induced autophagy plays a critical role in its regulation of cell cycle. We, for the first time, found that rapalog everolimus could stimulate autophagy-mediated Cyclin D1 degradation in breast cancer cells. Inhibiting mTOR with everolimus rapidly increased the degradation of Cyclin D1 in MCF-10DCIS.COM and MCF-7 cells. 3-Methyladenine (3-MA), a classic autophagy inhibitor, could attenuate everolimus-induced Cyclin D1 degradation. Furthermore, knockdown of autophagy related gene 7 (Atg-7) could also repress everolimus-triggered degradation of Cyclin D1 in MCF-10DCIS.COM. Moreover, everolimus-induced autophagy occurred earlier than its induction of G1 arrest and cell death. Blockade of autophagy attenuated everolimus-induced G1 cell cycle arrest. These preliminary data support the conclusion that the autophagy induced by rapalogs in breast cancer cells appears to cause Cyclin D1 protein degradation resulting in G1 cell cycle arrest. Our findings contribute to our knowledge of the interplay between autophagy and cell cycle regulation mediated by mTOR signaling and Cyclin D1 regulation. Citation Format: Chen G, Ding X-F, Bouamar H, Pressley K, Yang J, Sun L-Z. Rapalog everolimus induces G1 cell cycle arrest through autophagy-mediated protein degradation of cyclin D1 in breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-04-01.
Psychiatrist who failed in care of teenager with epilepsy who died in bath is suspended for 12 months
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2018)

A consultant psychiatrist who failed to carry out a risk assessment on a teenager with autism, learning difficulties, and epilepsy, and who drowned in the bath following a seizure, has been suspended from the UK medical register for 12 months.

Valerie Murphy was in charge of the care of Connor Sparrowhawk, who was 18 when he died in July 2013 at Slade House, Oxford, a residential care home controlled by Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust.

Sparrowhawk was admitted to Slade House in April 2013 after his behaviour had become obsessive, difficult, and violent, to the point where his family struggled to cope. Murphy prescribed risperidone for his anxiety, but failed to properly inform him or his mother of the drug’s potential side effects.

Murphy …