tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Early Adoption of Biosimilar Growth Factors in Supportive Cancer Care
Authors: Xiaoxue Chen, Abiy Agiro, John Barron, David Debono, Michael Fisch
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

notable differences across journals, with 14.4% (47 of 326) of articles in the JCO, 6.5% (8 of 124) of articles in the JNCI, 4.0% (6 of 149) of articles in JAMA Oncology, and 1.6% (2 of 123) of articles in Lancet Oncology using at least 1 statement describing a trend toward significance (Figure).Problematic uses of such statements are described in the Table. [2]][4][5] There were 125 instances where a trend statement was used to describe a statistically nonsignificant result across 63 articles.Eleven statements (8.8%) provided no data by which to evaluate the magnitude of difference between groups (eg, hazard ratio).Of the 86 instances where a P value was presented, 35 (40.7%) were P ≥ .10(15 [17.4%] were P ≥ .10 to P < .20,13 [15.1%]were P ≥ .20 to P < .50, and 7 [8.1%] were P ≥ .50).Discussion | We found that trend statements are frequently used to describe statistically nonsignificant results, commonly with large P values and minimal supporting data.In addition, when P values approached statistical significance, promising clinical significance was often deemphasized to highlight the proximity of the P value to .05.This finding highlights an overemphasis on P values in the reporting of data in the oncology literature.The biomedical literature currently has a problem with P values.In response to this problem, the American Statistical Association released a statement outlining primary P value principles. 6Among these principles were the following:(1) scientific conclusions should not be based solely on a P value threshold, (2) a P value does not measure the importance of a result, and (3) a P value does not provide a good measure of evidence regarding a hypothesis.Trend statements violate these principles.We must deemphasize P values and shift our focus to the clinical relevance of the finding (eg, the magnitude of the result along with CIs), the power of the study to address a clinically meaningful difference, and the appropriateness of the study design.This shift is additionally important to address the overinterpretation of statistically significant but clinically meaningless findings.As others have proposed, increased methodological and statistical training of scientists and clinicians may enhance the quality of data analysis, reporting, and interpretation.The oncology research community-in particular, leading oncology research journals-should take the lead in implementing the highest standards for reporting of results.
Abstract 21185: Predictors of High Risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Diabetes: An Endothelial Damage Biomarker Approach
Authors: Amber R Cordola Hsu, Wenjun Fan, Douglas S Harrington, Nathan D Wong
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at increased risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS); however, the factors predicting those at highest risk are not well-understood. We identified demographic and standard risk factors that best predict those at high risk based on a multiple biomarker algorithm. Methods: We studied adults with DM from a clinical registry who had measures of the PULS score (GD Biosciences, Irvine, CA), a biomarker algorithm identifying endothelial damage and predicting 5-year ACS risk consisting of HGF, sFAS, Fas Ligand, Eotaxin, CTACK, MCP3, Il-16, HbA1c, HDL-C, as well as age, sex, DM, and family history of CHD. We identified the proportion of patients with DM at low (&lt;3.5%), intermediate (3.5-&lt;7.5%), and high (≥7.5%) risk of ACS based on PULS. Stepwise logistic regression providing odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) examined the relationship of age, gender, and individual risk factors not part of the PULS algorithm with the likelihood of a high risk PULS score. Results: There were 668 adults with DM (females: 39.5%, ages 30 to 100, mean age 66.5 years). Of these, 6.0% had a low, 12.9% intermediate, and 81.1% high risk PULS score. In the stepwise logistic regression, independent predictors of a high risk PULS score included age, sex, hypertension, body mass index (BMI), and current smoking (table). Other risk factors and biomarkers, including apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), ratio ApoB to ApoA1, total or LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein (a), systolic or diastolic blood pressure, hs-CRP, and small dense LDL were not associated with a high PULS risk score. Conclusion: We demonstrated that age, male gender, hypertension, BMI, and current smoking are key factors potentially identifying persons with DM at high risk of ACS based on an algorithm identifying endothelial damage. Further validation through prospective studies with actual ACS events are needed.
Brain Metastases of a Neuroendocrine Tumor Visualized by 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT
Authors: Sebastian Hoberück, Enrico Michler, Klaus Zöphel, Ivan Platzek, Jörg Kotzerke, Claudia Brogsitter
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

Abstract A 65-year-old woman with a long history of metastasized, highly differentiated (G1) neuroendocrine tumor of pancreatic origin presented for follow-up 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT after 7 peptide receptor radiotherapies. In the previous scan, she already had discrete intracranial tracer accumulations, which were massively progressive in the recent 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT 8 months later. This case illustrates that cerebral metastases in neuroendocrine tumors may occur many years after initial diagnosis, and their somatostatin receptor expression may rise within a few months to a level that reasonably justifies further peptide receptor radiotherapy.
Early-Phase Randomized Clinical Trials—Expectations vs Hard Reality
Authors: David S. Knopman
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Stromal signatures in microarray analyses of NSCLC: a challenge in data interpretation of gene expression profiling
Authors: Johan Botling, Karolina Edlund, Hanna Goransson, Simon Ekman, Michael Bergqvist, Kristina Lamberg, Anders Berglund, Mats Lambe, Elisabeth Stahle, Fredrik Nyberg, Andrew Thomas, Lars Holmberg, Anders Isaksson, Patrick Micke
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2009)
IGF1 Treatment Improves Cardiac Remodeling after Infarction by Targeting Myeloid Cells
Authors: Andre Heinen, Rianne Nederlof, Priyadarshini Panjwani, André Spychala, Tengis Tschaidse, Heiko Reffelt, Johannes Boy, Annika Raupach, Stefanie Gödecke, Patrick Petzsch, Karl Köhrer, Maria Grandoch, Anne Petz, Jens W. Fischer, Christina Alter, Jelena Vasilevska, Philipp Lang, Axel Gödecke
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2018)

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is an anabolic hormone that controls the growth and metabolism of many cell types. However, IGF1 also mediates cardio-protective effects after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but the underlying mechanisms and cellular targets are not fully understood. Here we demonstrate that short-term IGF1 treatment for 3 days after AMI improved cardiac function after 1 and 4 weeks. Regional wall motion was improved in ischemic segments, scar size was reduced, and capillary density increased in the infarcted area and the border zone. Unexpectedly, inducible inactivation of the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) in cardiomyocytes did not attenuate the protective effect of IGF1. Sequential cardiac transcriptomic analysis indicated an altered myeloid cell response in the acute phase after AMI, and, notably, myeloid-cell Igf1r−/− mice lost the protective IGF1 function after I/R. In addition, IGF1 induced an M2-like anti-inflammatory phenotype in bone marrow-derived macrophages and enhanced the number of anti-inflammatory macrophages in heart tissue on day 3 after AMI in vivo. In summary, modulation of the acute inflammatory phase after AMI by IGF1 represents an effective mechanism to preserve cardiac function after I/R. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is an anabolic hormone that controls the growth and metabolism of many cell types. However, IGF1 also mediates cardio-protective effects after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but the underlying mechanisms and cellular targets are not fully understood. Here we demonstrate that short-term IGF1 treatment for 3 days after AMI improved cardiac function after 1 and 4 weeks. Regional wall motion was improved in ischemic segments, scar size was reduced, and capillary density increased in the infarcted area and the border zone. Unexpectedly, inducible inactivation of the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) in cardiomyocytes did not attenuate the protective effect of IGF1. Sequential cardiac transcriptomic analysis indicated an altered myeloid cell response in the acute phase after AMI, and, notably, myeloid-cell Igf1r−/− mice lost the protective IGF1 function after I/R. In addition, IGF1 induced an M2-like anti-inflammatory phenotype in bone marrow-derived macrophages and enhanced the number of anti-inflammatory macrophages in heart tissue on day 3 after AMI in vivo. In summary, modulation of the acute inflammatory phase after AMI by IGF1 represents an effective mechanism to preserve cardiac function after I/R.
Aortic Insufficiency During Contemporary Left Ventricular Assist Device Support
Authors: Lauren K Truby, A Reshad Garan, Raymond C Givens, Brian Wayda, Koji Takeda, Melana Yuzefpolskaya, Paolo C Colombo, Yoshifumi Naka, Hiroo Takayama, Veli K Topkara
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2018)
Urate-lowering therapy (ULT) reduces non-episodic foot pain in patients who fail to meet ACR/EULAR 2015 gout classification criteria: an effect predicted by ultrasound and potential rationale for reclassification
Authors: Yousef Mohammed Alammari, Diana Gheta, Rachael Mary Flood, Gerard Boran, David J Kane, Ronan Hugh Mullan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

Gout, which is caused by monosodium urate (MSU) deposition within joints in the presence of hyperuricaemia, is now the leading cause of inflammatory arthritis within developed countries.1 2 Despite recent observations that urate-lowering therapy (ULT) should be considered early to reduce disease chronicity, diagnosis is frequently delayed, leading to suboptimal clinical outcomes.2 3

The current American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) 2015 gout classification entry criterion requires the history of a prior episode of swelling, pain or tenderness of a peripheral joint/bursa before confirmation either through MSU crystal identification in synovial fluid or through achieving a score of >8 using a predefined scoring system of radiological, laboratory and clinical features. One such feature, a gout ‘episode’, is clearly defined both in terms of its intensity (joint erythema, tenderness, reduced/inhibited walking ability) and duration (time to maximal pain from onset <24 hour; resolution to baseline <14 days).4

Emerging evidence that the joints of asymptomatic hyperuricaemic individuals contain MSU deposits and that alternative presentations of foot pain occur in hyperuricaemia suggests that preclinical and clinical phases may occur prior to a first episodic gout attack.5 6 This case–control study evaluated urate deposition …
Abstract P214: Dietary Adherence and Dietary Quality Are Associated With Weight Loss Success Among Those Following Low-fat and Low-carbohydrate Diets
Authors: Michelle E Hauser, Jennifer Hartle, FeiFei Qin, Joseph Rigdon, Liana Del Gobbo, Cindy Shih, Christopher D Gardner
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Dietary modification is the cornerstone of most successful weight loss strategies. Low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets are among the most studied approaches, but neither has been shown to be consistently superior for weight loss in the general population. Previous studies suggest that eating a high-quality diet or adhering to a given dietary strategy may influence weight loss, however these two factors have not been examined concurrently for those following macronutrient-limiting diets. Objective: To determine whether improvement in dietary quality, change in dietary macronutrient composition or the combination of these factors leads to differential weight loss for those instructed to follow a healthy low-fat (HLF) or healthy low-carbohydrate (HLC) diet. Methods: Generally healthy, non-diabetic adults, aged 18-50 years, BMI 28-40 kg/m 2 , were randomized to HLF or HLC diets for 12 months (n=609) as part of the DIETFITS weight loss study. Participants that provided complete 24-hour dietary recall data at baseline and 12 months were included in this secondary analysis (n=448; n=224 HLF, n=224 HLC). Within each diet assignment arm, our analysis divided participants into four subgroups according to 12-month change in diet quality score (HEI-2010, above the median was defined as high quality (HQ); below the median was defined as low quality (LQ)) and 12-month change in macronutrient intake (below the median was defined as high adherence (HA) and above the median was defined as low adherence (LA) for fat (g) or digestible carbohydrate (g) for HLF and HLC, respectively). Multiple linear regression adjusted for age, sex, baseline weight and baseline fat (or digestible carbohydrate) intake was used to compare the primary outcome, baseline to 12-month change in mean BMI (kg/m 2 ), for those in the HQ/HA, HQ/LA, LQ/HA subgroups versus the LQ/LA subgroup within HLF and HLC. Results: For HLF, changes (95% CI) in mean BMI were -1.11 kg/m 2 (-2.10, -0.11) for HQ/HA, -0.26 (-1.26, 0.75) for HQ/LA, and -0.66 (-1.74, 0.41) for LQ/HA compared with the LQ/LA subgroup. For HLC, changes (95% CI) in mean BMI were -1.15 kg/m 2 (-2.04, -0.26) for HQ/HA, -0.30 (-1.22, 0.61) for HQ/LA, and -0.80 (-1.74, 0.14) for LQ/HA compared with the LQ/LA subgroup. Conclusions: Within both the HLF and HLC diet arms, the 12-month decrease in BMI was significantly greater for those in the High Quality/High Adherence subgroups relative to the Low Quality/Low Adherence subgroups. Neither High Quality nor High Adherence alone were significantly different than the Low Quality/Low Adherence subgroups. While further investigation is needed, the results of this secondary analysis support the importance of the combination of dietary adherence and high-quality diets for weight loss.
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction and Stroke: Analysis of 18 Million Patients in Four European Primary Care Databases.
Authors: M Alexander, K Loomis, N Dhalwani, J Van der Lei, T Duarte-Salles, D Prieto-Alhambra, D Ansell, A Pasqua, F Lapi, P Rijnbeek, M Mosseveld, Kendrick Sfw., D Waterworth, N Satter, W Alazawi
Journal: Hepatology (2018)
A Phase 1 First-in-Human Study of AMG 330, an Anti-CD33 Bispecific T-Cell Engager (BiTE®) Antibody Construct, in Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia (R/R AML)
Authors: Farhad Ravandi, Anthony S. Stein, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Roland B. Walter, Peter Paschka, Mojca Jongen-Lavrencic, Gert J. Ossenkoppele, Zhao Yang, Bhakti Mehta, Marion Subklewe
Journal: Blood (2018)
Chemoresistance of Cancer Cells: Requirements of Tumor Microenvironment-mimicking <i>In Vitro</i> Models in Anti-Cancer Drug Development
Authors: Yeonho Jo, Nakwon Choi, Kyobum Kim, Hyung-Jun Koo, Jonghoon Choi, Hong Nam Kim
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

For decades, scientists have been using two-dimensional cell culture platforms for high-throughput drug screening of anticancer drugs. Growing evidence indicates that the results of anti-cancer drug screening vary with the cell culture microenvironment, and this variation has been proposed as a reason for the high failure rate of clinical trials. Since the culture condition-dependent drug sensitivity of anti-cancer drugs may negatively impact the identification of clinically effective drug candidates, more reliable in vitro cancer platforms are urgently needed. In this review article, we provide an overview of how cell culture conditions can alter drug efficacy and highlight the importance of developing more reliable cancer drug testing platforms for use in the drug discovery process. The environmental factors that can alter drug delivery and efficacy are reviewed. Based on these observations of chemoresistant tumor physiology, we summarize the recent advances in the fabrication of in vitro cancer models and the model-dependent cytotoxicity of anti-cancer drugs, with a particular focus on engineered environmental factors in these platforms. It is believed that more physiologically relevant cancer models can revolutionize the drug discovery process.
<scp>BLT</scp>1 signaling in epithelial cells mediates allergic sensitization via promotion of <scp>IL</scp>‐33 production
Authors: Yingluo Xiong, Xinyi Cui, Wenjing Li, Jiaoyan Lv, Lixia Du, Wenli Mi, Huabin Li, Zhengrong Chen, Qibin Leng, Hong Zhou, Rui He
Journal: Allergy (2018)

Abstract Background Epithelial cells ( EC s) play a crucial role in allergic sensitization to inhaled protease allergens by instructing type 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC 2) and dendritic cells ( DC s) via release of pro‐type 2 cytokines, particularly interleukin‐33 ( IL ‐33). Leukotriene B4 ( LTB 4) is a well‐known leukocyte chemoattractant via engagement of its receptor 1 ( BLT 1). However, the role of LTB 4‐ BLT 1 axis in allergic sensitization via activation of EC s is still unknown. Methods We evaluated the effect of LTB 4‐ BLT 1 axis on IL ‐33 expression and ILC 2 activation in vivo and in vitro. Chimeric mice were established to evaluate the contribution of BLT 1 expression in nonimmune cell to allergic sensitization. Results Genetical or pharmacological interruption of LTB 4‐ BLT 1 axis during sensitization phase markedly reduced papain‐induced IL ‐33 expression, decreased ILC 2 activation and DC migration, thereby impairing the priming of allergic Th2 responses. Furthermore, papain inhalation induced a rapid release of LTB 4 preceding IL ‐33, and intranasal administration of LTB 4 to naïve WT mice significantly increased IL ‐33 expression and ILC 2 activation in lung, which was absent in Il33 −/− or Ltb4r1 −/− mice. Furthermore, BLT 1 was expressed in primary mouse EC s or normal human bronchial EC s ( NHBE ), and papain induced LTB 4 release by NHBE , which in turn amplified IL ‐33 production dependent on Akt activation via BLT 1. Consequently, bone marrow chimeric mice lacking BLT 1 in radio‐resistant structural cells failed to develop allergic lung inflammation to papain. Conclusion Our study reveals a functional role of LTB 4‐ BLT 1 axis in nonimmune cells, most likely lung EC s, in controlling allergic sensitization as an upstream regulator of IL ‐33.
Clofazimine does not lead to significant QT interval prolongation: a multicentre study
Authors: Sanne M.H. Zweijpfenning, Hester van Groningen, Jakko van Ingen, Cecile Magis-Escurra, Martin J. Boeree, Dirk Wagner, Hannelore Bax, Claire Andrejak, Reinier Wener, Ananna Rahman, Heinke Kunst, Natalie Lorent, Marc A. Brouwer, Wouter Hoefsloot
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

We read with great interest the article by Pontali et al. [1], entitled "Cardiac safety of bedaquiline: a systematic and critical analysis of the evidence". In response to this paper and the debate on potential QTc prolongation in clofazimine- and bedaquiline-containing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment regimens [2, 3], we assessed QTc prolongation during clofazimine use in treatment of disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). This is important as NTM disease treatment typically includes multiple potential QTc-prolonging antibiotics, including macrolides, fluoroquinolones and, increasingly, clofazimine [4]. Clofazimine does not lead to significant QT interval prolongation in the treatment of nontuberculous mycobacteria <http://ow.ly/sXC330lIbI8>
Expression of neural stem cell markers in glioblastoma, medulloblastoma and neuroblastoma cell lines
Authors: Paula Lazcoz, Jana Balbuena, Monica Enguita, Xing Fan, Javier Castresana
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

1280   Recent studies suggest that tumors of the nervous system can arise from cancer stem cells, these cells being critical for tumor maintenance and progression. Tumor stem cells resemble neural stem cells in terms of phenotype, signaling and behavior in vitro. The aim of this study is to determine the presence of cancer stem cells in nervous system tumor cell lines and to study the differentiation status of each cell line. We analyzed the expression of CD133, Fas, NCAM1, nestin, Musashi-1, GFAP and beta-Tubulin III genes by semiquantitative RT-PCR and flow cytometry in 12 neuroblastoma (SK-N-DZ, SK-N-SH, SK-N-Be(2), SK-N-FI, BE(2)C, MC-IXC, IMR-32, Kelly, SIMA, SH-SY5Y, SK-N-MC, and MHH-NB-11), 9 glioblastoma (A-172, U87MG, T98G, MOG-G-CCM, CCF-STTG1, SW-1088, SW-1783, LN-405 and GOS3) and 6 medulloblastoma (PFSK-1, Daoy, TE671, TE671 sub2, SK-PN-DW and D283Med) cell lines.  The differences in gene expression profiles between the different tumor types were detected by RT-PCR (see Table 1). The percentage of cells expressing the different genes in each cell line was determined by flow cytometry. We detected percentages from 0 to 92% depending on the cell line and marker analyzed. These data suggest the presence of tumor stem cells or at least of immature tumor cells in glioblastoma, medulloblastoma and neuroblastoma cell lines.
Impact of a National Tobacco Education Campaign on Weekly Numbers of Quitline Calls and Website Visitors — United States, March 4–June 23, 2013
Authors: Mary Anne Bright, Kevin Davis, Stephen Babb, Rebecca Bunnell, Robert Rodes, Robert Alexander, Caryn Coln, Lei Zhang, Diane Beistle, Jane Mitchko, Timothy McAfee
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2013)
Tape‐stripping alters the microbe‐host correlations in mouse skin
Authors: Piia Karisola, Alina Suomalainen, Vittorio Fortino, Noora Ottman, Johanna Vendelin, Henrik J. Wolff, Lasse Ruokolainen, Dario Greco, Nanna Fyhrquist, Harri Alenius
Journal: Allergy (2018)

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Ibrutinib Treatment in Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia: Follow-up Efficacy and Safety from the iNNOVATETM Study
Authors: Christian Buske, Alessandra Tedeschi, Judith Trotman, Ramon García-Sanz, David MacDonald, Véronique Leblond, Beatrice Mahe, Charles Herbaux, Constantine S. Tam, M. Lia Palomba, Jeffrey V Matous, Chaim Shustik, Eftathios Kastritis, Steven P Treon, Chih-Jian Lih, Jianling Li, Zeena Salman, Thorsten Graef, Meletios A Dimopoulos
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 16542: Gender Differences in Non-BMI Predictors of Left Ventricular Myocardial Relaxation in Non-Obese Individuals
Authors: Haruki Sekiguchi, Ken Shimamoto, Makiko Kimura, Fujio Tatsumi, Eri Watanabe, Masatoshi Kawana
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Previous studies indicate patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obese might be at risk for left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. However, little is known about which meta...