tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Las primeras 48 horas en la investigación e intervención de un brote de legionelosis en los Países Bajos
Authors: J. E. van Steenbergen, F. A.N. Slijkerman, P Speelman
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1999)

Westfriese Flora es una feria floral de una semana de duracion que se celebra todos los anos en Bovenkarspel, en la region noroeste de los Paises Bajos, paralelamente a demostraciones organizadas por el sector agricola y los consumidores en el mismo recinto ferial. La feria de este ano, que tuvo lugar del 19 al 28 de febrero, atrajo a 80.000 visitantes de todo el pais. Posteriormente, 181 personas que visitaron la feria en la segunda mitad de la semana desarrollaron neumonia por legionella y 21 fallecieron (1,2). Este articulo describe las investigaciones y medidas adoptadas en los dos primeros dias que dieron lugar a una alerta nacional y a la formulacion de hipotesis de trabajo para la posterior realizacion de investigaciones en profundidad.
The viscum album extract Iscador®P efficiently blocks the IL-6 dependent proliferation of B-non-hodgkin-lymphomas in-vitro and in-vivo
Authors: Frauke Hugo, Juergen J. Kuehn, Eva K. Treutler, Kurt S. Zaenker, Thomas Dittmar
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

3981  Although the efficiency of the mistletoe extract Iscador®P in the treatment of follicular B-Non-Hodgkin-Lymphoma (fB-NHL) concomitant with the benefit for the treated patients is well documented the usage of this extract is controversially discussed since former studies putatively indicated that (1) intravenous application of mistletoe extracts resulted in increased Interleukin-6 (IL-6) serum levels and that (2) mistletoe extracts itself may have a proliferatory influence on tumor cells. In order to rebut these points of view we investigated the influence of the mistletoe extract Iscador®P on defined fB-NHL cell lines (DoHH-2, WSU) in the presence of IL-6. All cell lines were seeded in duplicates and were incubated with clinically relevant doses of Iscador®P (1.5Âμg/ml - 15Âμg/ml/ 0.2x10^6 cells) in the presence of IL-6 for up to six days. Samples were taken every day to determine the cell number, to isolate mRNA for Bcl-2 and Bax quantification by RealTime-RT-PCR, and to determine the level of apoptotic cells by flow cytometry. All cell lines responded to IL-6 with an increased proliferation and/ or survival rate, which was efficiently blocked by Iscador®P. Similar results were achieved for IL-6 dependent multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines (RPMI 8226, TH-1). Quantitative analysis of the Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression in the WSU-NHL cell line by RealTime-RT-PCR revealed that the IL-6 induced Bcl-2 up-regulation is decreased by Iscador® P. In addition to this, long-term incubation with Iscador® P resulted in a shift from an anti-apoptotic towards a pro-apoptotic ratio of Bcl-2 and Bax concomitant with an increased number of apoptotic cells. These in-vitro data support the findings obtained from a prospective casuistics study, where 24 patients with follicular B-NHL were treated with Iscador® P and followed up over a period of 54 months. Remissions were triggered in 42% of those patients treated exclusively with mistletoe (4 complete remission (remission period (RP): 1.5 to 27.5 months), 6 partial remission (RP: 2.5 to 34 months), 1 minor remission (RP: 1 month). Disease progression was observed in 9 cases during monotherapy with Iscador®, although this was only temporary in some cases. Maintenance of remission, triggered by chemotherapy or surgery, was reached in 3 cases (2 complete remissions 18 and 20 months, respectively, 1 partial remission 10 months). During combined chemotherapy/mistletoe therapy, partial and complete remission were observed in 7 and 2 cases, respectively. The remission period ranged from 3 to 24 months. Disease progression occurred in 8 patients during this simultaneous therapy. In summary, our results clearly demonstrate the efficacy of mistletoe treatment in fB-NHLs.
Clinical features of never smoker patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: S. Frega, M. Macerelli, A. Del Conte, L. Bonanno, M. Bartoletti, V. Polo, G. Zago, A. Follador, I. Attili, A. Pavan, L. Urso, S.M.M. Basso, G. Fasola, P. Conte, G. Pasello
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Dois clusters de casos humanos de gripe A/H5N1 na República de Azerbaijão, fevereiro-março de 2006
Authors: A Gilsdorf, N Boxall, V Gasimov, I Agayev, F Mammadzade, P Ursu, E Gasimov, C Brown, S Mardel, D Jankovic, G Pimentel, I Amir Ayoub, E Maher Labib Elassal, C Salvi, D Legros, C Pessoa da Silva, A Hay, R Andraghetti, G Rodier, B Ganter
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Depois da deteccao do virus gripal A/H5 em aves domesticas e silvestres no Azerbaijao em fevereiro de 2006, dois clusters de casos possiveis de gripe aviaria humana devida a A/H5N1 foram detectados e declarados a oficina regional europeia da OMS (Organizacao Mundial da Saude) nas duas primeiras semanas de marco. No 15 de marco de 2006, a OMS formou uma equipa internacional, incluindo expertos em controle de infeccoes, gestao clinica, epidemiologia, microbiologia e communicacao, para ajudar o ministerio da Saude nas suas investigacoes e acoes de resposta. 
Depois de uma vigilância activa, 22 pessoas – das quais seis faleceram - foram investigadas para a gripe aviaria em seis distritos. A investigacao mostrou oito casos de infeccao pelo virus A/H5N1 confirmados pelo Centro colaborador da OMS da gripe, e um caso provavel para o qual nao se disponha de nenhuma amostra. Os tais casos provinham de dois clusters nao relacionados identificados nos distritos de Salyan (sete casos confirmados, dos quais quatro faleceram), e de Tartere (um caso confirmado e um provavel, ambos mortais). O contacto estreito e o facto de desplumar cisnesinfectados foram considerados como a fonte mais provavel de exposicao ao virus A/H5N1 para o cluster de Salyan, apesar das dificuldades para recolher as informacoes durante a investigacao, porque as actividades associadas a exposicao sao ilegais (caca e venda de animais silvestres e de produtos derivados). Estes casos sao o primeiro surto mundial no qual as aves silvestres sao a fonte mais provavel de infeccoes humanas pelo virus A/H5N1.
As actividades de controle foram reforcadas por meio de um laboratorio de campo aonde era possivel detectar o virus A/H5 em tempo real por RT/PCR. A vigilância diaria na populacao que se tem iniciado nos dois distritos afectados torna pouco provavel que aparecem novos casos humanos de gripe aviaria que nao fossem detectados.
Low-dose chemotherapy with methotrexate and vinblastine for desmoid tumors: A single institution experience
Authors: J. Souza, H.M. Lourenço, G. Mendes
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)

Background: Desmoid tumor (DT) is a rare and locally invasive proliferative disease. Although, the absence of metastatic potential, it has the propensity for locally invasive growth and recur. Chemotherapy may be considered in inoperable and/or recurrent disease. Methods: Patients with histological diagnosis of DT and treated with weekly low-dose chemotherapy with vinblastine and methotrexate between January 1998 and December 2015 were identified and their medical records were analyzed. Results: Of 23 patients analyzed, most of them were women (female-to-male ratio 2.8:1). The median age at presentation was 29 years (range, 18-59 years). Tumors location was: thoracoabdominal wall (n: 11, 47.8%), extremities (n: 7, 30.4%), abdominal cavity (n: 1; 4%), and head and neck (n: 4, 17.3%). Tumor sizes were documented in 18 cases and ranged from 3 to 20 cm in largest linear dimension (median, 10 cm). Eight (34.7%) female had pregnancy history and 2 (8%) had familial adenomatous polyposis history. Eleven (47,8%) underwent surgery as first-line treatment. Five (21.7%) patients received first-line treatment with vinblastine and methotrexate, four (17.3%) patients as second-line, and 14 (60.8%) patients as third and fourth-line. Fourteen (60.8%) patients had stable disease, four (17.3%) had partial response, and five (21.7%) patients had progressive disease during chemotherapy treatment. After a median follow-up of 58 months, 12 patients had progression disease and 2 patients died. The median PFS was 29 months, without any progression after 32 months. Conclusions: Discussion: Weekly low-dose chemotherapy with vinblastine and methotrexate appears to have significant activity. Chemotherapy could be an acceptable alternative to radical surgery in selected patients with desmoid tumors. Legal entity responsible for the study: INCA Funding: None Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Gene expression-based predictors of chemotherapy response in basal-like breast cancer.
Authors: Aleix Prat, Ana Lluch, Joan Albanell, Cheng Fang, Jose Ignacio Chacon Lopez-Muniz, Joel S Parker, Lourdes Calvo, Arrate Plazaola, Angels Arcusa Lanza, Miguel Angel Seguí-Palmer, Octavio Burgues, Luis Vicioso, Raquel Sanchez-Simon, Begoña Bermejo, Nuria Ribelles, Barbara Melendez Asensio, Rosalia Caballero, Eva Maria Carrasco, Charles M. Perou, E. Alba
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

10500 Background: The Basal-like subtype is generally associated with high chemo-sensitivity, but not all tumors respond and/or benefit to the same extend. In this study, we sought to identify gene expression predictors of neoadjuvant chemotherapy sensitivity in Basal-like breast cancer. Methods: Expression of 542 genes was measured using the Nanostring nCounter platform from 69 FFPE pre-treated samples of the GEICAM/2006-03 phase II trial, which were treated with epirrubicin/cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel+/-carboplatin. Research-based PAM50 and Claudin-low predictors were also evaluated. The association between response (Miller-Payne criteria) and gene/signature expression was assessed by multivariable ordinal logistic regression. Significant findings were evaluated in 109 independent triple-negative and Basal-like tumors treated with anthracycline/taxane-based chemotherapy (Hatzis et al.). Finally, interaction tests were performed to identify genes/signatures associated with carboplatin response. Results: In GEICAM/2006-03, 61/69 (88%) tumors were identified as Basal-like by PAM50. High correlation to the Basal-like centroid, or high expression of proliferation-related genes (i.e. FANCA), were found to be significantly associated with high chemo-sensitivity, whereas high expression of genes associated with mesenchymal/stem cell biological processes (i.e. SNAI1 and IL6) and/or luminal differentiation (i.e. MUC1 and FOXA1) were significantly associated with chemo-resistance; similar findings were observed in Hatzis et al. Finally, high expression of genes associated with proliferation/DNA-repair (i.e. ATR) and tight junctions (i.e. CLDN3/4/7) were found associated with carboplatin response, whereas expression of the Claudin-low signature was found associated with carboplatin resistance. Conclusions: High expression of Basal-like and/or proliferation-related genes and low expression of luminal/mesenchymal/stem cell-like biological processes were consistently identified as predictive of chemotherapy response. Our data suggests that gene expression profiling might help shed light into the biological and clinical heterogeneity of Basal-like breast cancer.
The Senior Toronto Oncology Panel (STOP) Study: Research Participation for Older Adults With Cancer and Caregivers
Authors: Martine T.E. Puts, Schroder Sattar, Takami Fossat, Margaret I. Fitch, Geraldine J. Macdonald, Tina Hsu, Ewa Szumacher, Douglas A. Stephens, Joseph Robinson, David Macdonald, Andrew S. Choate, Eric Pitters, Barbara Liu, Lianne Jeffs, Katherine S. McGilton, Shabbir M.H. Alibhai
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2017)

Background: Patient engagement in research may lead to better-designed studies and improved health outcomes. The objectives of this study were to identify the research priorities of older adults with cancer (OAWCs) and their caregivers and examine how to engage these individuals in research teams and what supports are needed. Methods: We conducted 3 public meetings and 7 focus groups to delineate research priorities and the supports needed to facilitate integration of OAWCs and their caregivers on research teams. Results: A total of 33 older adults and 19 caregivers attended a public meeting and 27 older adults and 17 caregivers participated in a focus group. Most of the OAWCs and their caregivers had never participated in research before. Three themes were identified from the focus groups: (1) motivation to be on a team; (2) ability to make meaningful contributions; and (3) logistical considerations to facilitate engagement. Most participants were motivated to be a research team member and be involved in all steps of research if it could benefit them or future patients and caregivers. OAWCs and their caregivers were highly motivated to improve outcomes. Required logistics included flexibility regarding time and location, accessibility to computer technology, transportation support, materials worded in lay language, and attending/having short training sessions, as well as the presence of peer support. Conclusions: OAWCs and their caregivers are very motivated and willing to participate in research and to be research team members. Logistics and the social aspects of being on a team are important.
Improvement of Insulin Sensitivity after Lean Donor Feces in Metabolic Syndrome Is Driven by Baseline Intestinal Microbiota Composition
Authors: Ruud S. Kootte, Evgeni Levin, Jarkko Salojärvi, Loek P. Smits, Annick V. Hartstra, Shanti D. Udayappan, Gerben Hermes, Kristien E. Bouter, Annefleur M. Koopen, Jens J. Holst, Filip K. Knop, Ellen E. Blaak, Jing Zhao, Hauke Smidt, Amy C. Harms, Thomas Hankemeijer, Jacques J.G.H.M. Bergman, Hans A. Romijn, Frank G. Schaap, Steven W.M. Olde Damink, Mariette T. Ackermans, Geesje M. Dallinga-Thie, Erwin Zoetendal, Willem M. de Vos, Mireille J. Serlie, Erik S.G. Stroes, Albert K. Groen, Max Nieuwdorp
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2017)
Treatment, healthcare resource utilization, and costs associated with non-metastatic and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: A claims analysis.
Authors: Adriana Valderrama, Krishna Tangirala, Svetlana Babajanyan, Sreevalsa Appukkuttan, Lonnie Kent Wen, Jean Malacan, Neal D. Shore
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e18341 Background: Limited evidence exists about economic burden in non-metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC). The aim of this study was to describe the real-world treatments in this setting and to quantify both the costs and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) during the year before and after metastasis for this patient population. Methods: A retrospective cohort of metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients was identified from Truven Health MarketScan database from January 2009 to March 2015 with metastasis diagnosis as index date. mCRPC algorithm was based on ICD-9 codes for both prostate cancer and secondary metastatic disease, and a subsequent claim for a FDA approved treatment for mCRPC. Patients were also required to have evidence of surgical or medical castration in the baseline period to define nmCRPC. Costs and HCRU were compared in the 1 year pre- and post-index time periods. Results: Among 341 mCRPC patients identified, mean age was 71.9 years (72.4% ≥65 years old), 72.7% were Medicare Advantage patients and 19.4% had Klabunde comorbidity &gt; 1. Most common treatments in the pre index period were bicalutamide (90%), leuprolide (83.6%), docetaxel (27.6%), abiraterone (22.9%) and ketoconazole (21.4%). Mean per patient per year (PPPY) all cause HCRU and costs were significantly higher (all P &lt; 0.05) in the mCRPC patients compared to nmCRPC patients (Table). Conclusions: Average yearly costs more than doubled following mCRPC diagnosis, which indicates the need for appropriate management strategies for nmCRPC patients in order to optimize the potential delay of disease progression. [Table: see text]
Expanding the use of approved drugs: The CPCT’s Drug Rediscovery Protocol (DRUP)
Authors: E. Voest, D. van der Velden, L. Hoes, H. Bloemendal, K. Grunberg, A.D.R. Huitema, E. Lugtenburg, F. De Vos, C. van Herpen, D.J.A. de Groot, P. Hamberg, E. Smit, E. Cuppen, N. Steeghs, S. Sleijfer, H. Verheul, H. Gelderblom, H. van der Wijngaart
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Preliminary results of novel safety interventions in adult patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R ALL) in the ZUMA-3 Trial
Authors: B. Shah, W. Stock, W. Wierda, M. Topp, M.J. Kersten, R. Houot, N. Boissel, H.E. Holmes, G.J. Schiller, A. Mardiros, J. Rossi, Y. Jiang, T. Shen, J. Aycock, S. Stout, J. Wiezorek, R. Jain
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Detection of the NRAS Q61R mutation in Erdheim-Chester disease.
Authors: Eli L. Diamond, Elena Pentsova, Laetitia Borsu, April E. Chiu, David Michael Hyman, Marc Rosenblum
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

7120 Background: There is a high frequency of activating mutations in proteins of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway in melanoma and other solid tumors. The BRAF V600E mutation has been found recently to be highly prevalent in ECD, a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis with poor prognosis, as well as Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). Treatment of patients with ECD and the BRAF V600E mutation with vemurafenib has been associated with unprecedented and dramatic response in a few cases. Methods: We present a 66 year-old man evaluated for several months of cognitive and motor decline. He was found to have multifocal enhancing lesions in the cerebral meninges, multiple masses in the abdomen and sacrum, and abnormal nuclear uptake in the long bones of the legs. Results: Biopsy of a renal mass demonstrated a foamy CD68+/CD1a- histiocytic infiltrate, consistent with ECD. Interrogation of tumor tissue with the Sequenom MassArray system demonstrated absence of the BRAF V600E mutation but presence of the NRAS Q61R mutation. Conclusions: This is, to our knowledge, the first report of an activating NRAS mutation in ECD. The finding of an oncogenic NRAS mutation in ECD further supports the hypothesis that this disease is driven by activation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Further investigation into the role of this pathway in ECD and LCH is warranted and may open new opportunities for targeted therapies for these disorders.
Brote de sarampión en adultos en el noroeste de Grecia
Authors: G Mantzios, M Mastora, E Liapis, I Giannakakis, N K Akritidis
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1997)

La incidencia general del sarampion descendio marcadamente en Grecia al introducirse la vacunacion contra el sarampion (aunque no hay datos precisos), pero se siguen produciendo brotes esporadicos. En 1965, se introdujo en Grecia una vacuna antisarampion monovalente y fue sustituida en 1989 por la vacuna triple virica (sarampion, parotiditis y rubeola). Casi todas las infecciones se producen en ninos, pero se dan algunos casos en adultos.
Death by Gun Violence—A Public Health Crisis
Authors: Howard Bauchner, Frederick P. Rivara, Robert O. Bonow, Neil M. Bressler, Mary L. (Nora) Disis, Stephan Heckers, S. Andrew Josephson, Melina R. Kibbe, Jay F. Piccirillo, Rita F. Redberg, John S. Rhee, June K. Robinson
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2017)

subjective awareness of memory function or, as the authors conjecture, more advanced progression leading to reduced awareness of subtle deficits.Although explaining the causes of SCD is important for understanding the mechanisms of AD and its progression, practical implications of this work should be noted.First, many older individuals experience SCD, and physicians need better ways of assessing it to more completely evaluate and counsel their pa-tients.Furthermore, this work and other studies provide mounting evidence that SCD may be an early symptom of the accumulation of AD pathologic change.A better understanding of how each specific molecular pathologic change is expressed in association with SCD at different stages of the development of AD could lead to better methods of diagnosing AD at preclinical stages, selecting individuals for early clinical trials, and ultimately effectively treating AD at its earliest stages.
Comment on ‘A visual literacy course for dermatology trainees’
Authors: N. Gardham, S. Walsh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

We would like to congratulate Griffin and colleagues on their report of an innovative training programme in visual literacy for dermatology registrars (residents).1 Our experience of visual literacy training for registrars in South London resonates with that of the Manchester group, and we would like to add to this by describing our observation of some additional qualitative benefits which may be derived from such training. Training similar to that described by the Griffin et al was delivered to 10 dermatology registrars at the Dulwich Picture Gallery in London, England from September 2016 – January 2017 in 5 one hour sessions. Baseline and post-course assessments, scored on the unique accurate observations method described by Huang et al,2 were carried out and demonstrated an increase in the number of unique accurate observations per image following the course compared to pre-course assessment.

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Abstract 17989: Evolution of At-risk Aortic Tissue in Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Valve After Valve or Aorta Replacement
Authors: Emilie Bollache, Paul W Fedak, Pim van Ooij, David Guzzardi, S. Chris Malaisrie, Patrick M McCarthy, James Carr, Jeremy Collins, Michael Markl, Alex J Barker
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Objectives: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is associated with increased risk of aortopathy requiring surgery. However, to date, there is no clear consensus on aortic resection extent. Our objective was to study in BAV patients the evolution of ascending aortic (AA) ‘at-risk’ tissue, as defined by elevated wall shear stress (WSS) estimated using 4D flow MRI acquired at baseline and follow up. Methods: Eighteen BAV patients (49±15yrs) were included who underwent AA repair and MRI before surgery and at follow up (mean duration: 154±250 [7-977] days). For each patient and exam, 3D aortic systolic WSS was estimated from 4D flow MRI and at-risk tissue area was defined as the treatable region with high WSS, when compared to an atlas of physiologically normal values (as previously established in healthy controls). Results: The baseline sinus of Valsava and mid-AA diameters were both 4.5±0.6cm. Eight patients had severe aortic stenosis or regurgitation. Three patients had aortic valve replacement without aortic resection, 8 had AA repair without hemiarch repair, and 7 had AA and hemiarch repair. In the 8 AA repair patients, 3D area of elevated WSS increased at baseline from 25±29% to 52±37% at follow up, when expressed in percentage of the AA tissue remaining after surgery up from graft to the first branch (Figure). Little change in at-risk tissue area was observed in hemiarch repair patients. Conclusions: Our preliminary study demonstrates feasibility of 4D flow MRI to provide data regarding at-risk aortic tissue progression in BAV patients who underwent AA repair. Larger studies in a variety of clinical conditions are warranted to further understand the implications of these findings.
A phase II, randomised, open-label study of gemcitabine/carboplatin first-line chemotherapy in combination with or without the antisense oligonucleotide apatorsen (OGX-427) in advanced squamous cell lung cancers
Authors: P. Schmid, F. Blackhall, D. Muthukumar, J. Lester, S. Khan, J. Adams, M. Illsley, C. Macgregor, W. Owadally, S-J. Sarker, L. Smith, A. Prendergast, C. Ackerman, K. Mousa, L. Lim Farah
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)