tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A decade of research on the 17q12-21 asthma locus: Piecing together the puzzle
Authors: Michelle M. Stein, Emma E. Thompson, Nathan Schoettler, Britney A. Helling, Kevin M. Magnaye, Catherine Stanhope, Catherine Igartua, Andréanne Morin, Charles Washington, Dan Nicolae, Klaus Bønnelykke, Carole Ober
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)

Chromosome 17q12-21 remains the most highly replicated and significant asthma locus. Genotypes in the core region defined by the first genome-wide association study correlate with expression of 2 genes, ORM1-like 3 (ORMDL3) and gasdermin B (GSDMB), making these prime candidate asthma genes, although recent studies have implicated gasdermin A (GSDMA) distal to and post-GPI attachment to proteins 3 (PGAP3) proximal to the core region as independent loci. We review 10 years of studies on the 17q12-21 locus and suggest that genotype-specific risks for asthma at the proximal and distal loci are not specific to early-onset asthma and mediated by PGAP3, ORMDL3, and/or GSDMA expression. We propose that the weak and inconsistent associations of 17q single nucleotide polymorphisms with asthma in African Americans is due to the high frequency of some 17q alleles, the breakdown of linkage disequilibrium on African-derived chromosomes, and possibly different early-life asthma endotypes in these children. Finally, the inconsistent association between asthma and gene expression levels in blood or lung cells from older children and adults suggests that genotype effects may mediate asthma risk or protection during critical developmental windows and/or in response to relevant exposures in early life. Thus studies of young children and ethnically diverse populations are required to fully understand the relationship between genotype and asthma phenotype and the gene regulatory architecture at this locus.
Impact of Cardiac Rhythm on Mitral Valve Area and Gradient in Patients with Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Hasan Arı, Tahsin Bozat, Kubra Doğanay, Selvi Coşar, Nadir Emlek, Serdar Keçeoğlu, Selma Arı, Mehmet Melek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Pelvic inflammatory disease risk following negative results from chlamydia nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) versus non-NAATs in Denmark: A retrospective cohort
Authors: Bethan Davies, Katy M. E. Turner, Thomas Benfield, Maria Frølund, Berit Andersen, Henrik Westh, Helen Ward
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2018)

Background Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs) are the recommended test type for diagnosing Chlamydia trachomatis (chlamydia). However, less sensitive diagnostic methods—including direct immunofluorescence (IF) and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA)—remain in use in lower resourced settings. We estimate the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) following undiagnosed infection in women tested with non-NAATs and estimate the health gain from using accurate diagnostic tests. Methods and findings We used Denmark’s national Chlamydia Study dataset to extract all chlamydia tests performed in women aged 15–34 years (1998–2001). Tests were categorised as non-NAAT (IF/ELISA) or NAAT and limited to each woman’s first test in the study period. We linked test data to hospital presentations for PID within 12 months from the Danish National Patient Register. The study included 272,105 women with a chlamydia test, just under half (44.78%, n = 121,857) were tested using NAATs. Overall, 6.38% (n = 17,353) tested positive for chlamydia and 0.64% (n = 1,732) were diagnosed with PID within 12 months. The risk of PID following a positive chlamydia test did not differ by test type (NAAT 0.81% [95% CI 0.61–1.00], non-NAAT 0.78% [0.59–0.96]). The risk of PID following a negative test was significantly lower in women tested with NAATs compared to non-NAATs (0.55% [0.51–0.59] compared to 0.69% [0.64–0.73]; adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.83 [0.75–0.93]). We estimate that 18% of chlamydia infections in women tested with a non-NAAT were undiagnosed and that the risk of progression from undiagnosed chlamydia infection to PID within 12 months was 9.52% (9.30–9.68). Using non-NAATs could lead to an excess 120 cases of PID per 100,000 women tested compared to using NAATs. The key limitations of this study are under ascertainment of PID cases, misclassification bias in chlamydia and PID exposure status, bias to the association between clinical presentation and test type and the presence of unmeasured confounders (including other sexually transmitted infection [STI] diagnoses and clinical indication for chlamydia test). Conclusion This retrospective observational study estimates the positive impact on women’s reproductive health from using accurate chlamydia diagnostic tests and provides further evidence for restricting the use of inferior tests. Women with a negative chlamydia test have a 17% higher adjusted risk of PID by 12 months if they are tested using a non-NAAT compared to a NAAT.
Inhaler adherence in severe asthma: is there an electronic solution?
Authors: Mina Gaga, Konstantinos Samitas, Eleftherios Zervas
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

<b>Combining electronic devices with traditional methods, a good patient–doctor relationship, and mutual, informed decisions about treatment might provide the best inhaler adherence in severe asthma</b>http://ow.ly/Ra8630gDQm3
A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase II Study of Clarithromycin or Placebo Combined with VCD Induction Therapy Prior to High-Dose Melphalan with Stem Cell Support in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Henrik Gregersen, Niels Abildgaard, Trung Hieu Do, Ida Bruun Kristensen, Ulf Christian Frølund, Niels Frost Andersen, Lene Kongsgaard Nielsen, Christen Lykkegaard Andersen, Tobias Wirenfeldt Klausen, Annette Juul Vangsted
Journal: Blood (2017)
Perceptions of Parents of Children with Asthma and their Physicians on Quality of Shared Decision-Making and Care Coordination in 2 Neighboring Health Systems
Authors: Tamar Sapir, Andrew H. Liu, Madeleine Shalowitz, Ewa H. Schafer, Sindhura Bandi, Christopher D. Codispoti, Laura C. Simone, James Mateka, Giselle Mosnaim
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Opposing Roles of Dendritic Cell Subsets in Experimental GN
Authors: Sebastian Brähler, Bernd H. Zinselmeyer, Saravanan Raju, Maximilian Nitschke, Hani Suleiman, Brian T. Saunders, Michael W. Johnson, Alexander M.C. Böhner, Susanne F. Viehmann, Derek J. Theisen, Nicole M. Kretzer, Carlos G. Briseño, Konstantin Zaitsev, Olga Ornatsky, Qing Chang, Javier A. Carrero, Jeffrey B. Kopp, Maxim N. Artyomov, Christian Kurts, Kenneth M. Murphy, Jeffrey H. Miner, Andrey S. Shaw
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2017)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are thought to form a dendritic network across barrier surfaces and throughout organs, including the kidney, to perform an important sentinel function. However, previous studies of DC function used markers, such as CD11c or CX3CR1, that are not unique to DCs. Here, we evaluated the role of DCs in renal inflammation using a CD11c reporter mouse line and two mouse lines with DC-specific reporters,
Anthology of Images
Authors: Roberto Bolli
Journal: Circulation Research (2018)

T he popular adage "a picture is worth a thousand words" is an undeniable truth.It is estimated that more than half of the information we gather from our environment comes through our vision.Images have extraordinary power.Some of them can remain etched in our memory for a long time or even forever.In an effort to make the journal even more attractive to our readers and to further add to its personality, I am pleased to announce a new initiative, the Anthology of Images, which is inaugurated in this issue of Circulation Research.When space permits, we will publish photographs (black and white or color) submitted by editors, reviewers, or authors.The subjects of these images can be diverse: landscapes, nature scenes, monuments, hospitals, research institutes/centers, or other subjects that are appropriate for a scientific journal.We will not publish photographs of living individuals.Our goal is to provide images that are aesthetically pleasant or have a particular meaning or both-pictures that are deemed to be memorable or interesting.
<i>O</i>-GlcNAcylation of the Tumor Suppressor FOXO3 Triggers Aberrant Cancer Cell Growth
Authors: Heon Shin, Hyun-Jeong Cha, Keun Na, Min Jung Lee, Jin-Young Cho, Chae-Yeon Kim, Eun Kyung Kim, Chang Moo Kang, Hoguen Kim, Young-Ki Paik
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Posttranslational modifications of tumor suppressors can induce abnormal cell growth. Here, we identify site-specific O-GlcNAcylation as a critical block of FOXO3 that may abrogate a part of the p53 pathway, resulting in aberrant cancer cell growth. Of seven O-GlcNAcylation sites identified within the FOXO3 transactivation domain, we found that changes in O-GlcNAcylation at Ser284 modulated p21-mediated cancer cell growth. Overexpression of either O-GlcNAcylated FOXO3 (FOX-OV) or a Ser-to-Ala mutant (S284A) in PANC-1 cells indicated that S284 O-GlcNAc acts as a critical block of the FOXO tumor suppressor and induces proliferation in PANC-1 cancer cells by stimulating the MDM2-p53-p21 axis. Furthermore, S284A mutant cells lacking S284 O-GlcNAc and FOX-OV cells exhibited opposing MDM2-p53-p21 axis expression patterns at both the mRNA and protein levels. Thus, our study provides evidence to support a role for S284 O-GlcNAc as a critical block of FOXO3 to induce subsequent cancer cell growth via abrogation of the p53 regulatory circuit.Significance: These findings highlight a posttranslational mechanism for indirect abrogation of the p53 pathway, one that may occur with some frequency in human cancer cells. Cancer Res; 78(5); 1214-24. ©2018 AACR.
Quantification Of Genomic DNA Damage In Lung and Nasal Epithelium and Response To Allergen Challenge
Authors: Adil S. Zahiruddin, Koa Hosoki, Julia W. Tripple, Pawel Jaruga, Erdem Coskun, Cynthia Rather, Robert L. Jacobs, Miral Dizdaroglu, Sanjiv Sur
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Abstract 15309: Evaluation of a Fuzzy Logic Control System for Hypotensive Resuscitation in a Swine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock
Authors: Peng Zhao, Wencai Pan, Lang Lang, Yongyin Li, Yinbao Chong
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Closed-Loop resuscitation (CLR) system has been developed and tested in different animal models of hemorrhagic shock. It is an autonomous control technology of fluid therapy through real-time monitoring and feedback of physiological signal. However, currently vital signs (eg, blood pressure) are inadequate for early detection of saving-life intervention during pre-hospital. We have early confirmed that buccal mucosal CO 2  partial pressure (PbuCO 2 ) can be effectively used for identifying the severity of hemorrhagic shock. In this study, we investigated whether a fuzzy logic based CLR system that used MAP and PbuCO 2  as feedback parameters could be more effectively than gravity infusion (GI) for prolonged hypotensive resuscitation in a swine model of hemorrhagic shock.   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized that the CLR system used MAP combined with PbuCO 2 may guide fluid resuscitation to improve outcome in animal.   Methods:  24 pigs were randomly divided into two groups, CLR and GI. Lactated Ringer’s Solution was administered to achieve MAP of 65mmHg and PbuCO 2  of 75mmHg. A fuzzy logic control system was developed to drive a programmable micro electromagnetic linear actuation pump, which was automated infusion in the CLR group. It is according to physician orders treatment in the GI group. Resuscitation was performed for 2h in both groups. Hemodynamic, microcirculation and metabolic parameters were monitored during the study.   Results:  There were three animal deaths within 72h of surgery. One animal died 24h after surgery in the CLR group. In the GI group, one animal died at 12h and another died at 24h after surgery. After 120min of resuscitation, the per cent change from baseline of the perfusion units (PU) of the CLR group were less than that of the GI group (10.97±4.02% versus -4.07±4.22%, P   Conclusions:  The use of MAP combined with PbuCO 2  as the endpoint of a fuzzy logic based CLR system for prolonged hypotensive resuscitation was associated with a smaller volume of infusion and higher survival rate than gravity infusion.
Turning thirty: evolution but not revolution at the <i>ERJ</i>
Authors: Martin Kolb, James D. Chalmers
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

The European Respiratory Journal was officially born in 1988 when the European Journal of Respiratory Diseases was merged with the Bulletin Européen de Physiopathologie Respiratoire . This was 2 years before the European Respiratory Society was founded (and 2 years before the worldwide web!). Peter Howard was one of the driving forces for the merger and he expressed in a report from 1986 that “… it will soon be possible to use a microcomputer to put the scientific papers on a floppy disc, which can be inserted into the back of a printing machine to produce perfect print…” [1]. Just imagine how the scientific world has changed in the 30 years since the first edition of the ERJ . “Papers on a floppy disk” may cause nostalgic feelings to the older editors, authors and readers of the journal, but probably sounds ancient to the younger ones. The new chief editor team outlines how they’ll continue the journal’s great journey, started by the previous leaders <http://ow.ly/1VRd30hi6F3>
Diagnosis delay of tuberculosis in the Huambo province, Angola
Authors: E. Santos, Ó. Felgueiras, O. Oliveira, R. Duarte
Journal: Pulmonology (2018)

Early diagnosis is necessary for the success of the tuberculosis (TB) program. Goal: To identify factors associated with diagnosis delay of TB in Huambo, Angola. Cross-sectional study carried out in patients diagnosed with TB at the Huambo Anti-Tuberculosis Dispensary (ATD) in the period between October 2015 and January 2016. The 247 patients included in the analysis had a median age of 27 years and a median diagnosis delay of 64 days. In the univariate analysis, age, consumption of alcoholic beverages, living in a residence further than 10 km from a healthcare unit, and looking for any other health unit than the emergency unit were associated with longer diagnosis delay. In the multivariate analysis model, to be between 30 and 44 years of age (p = 0.018), to live in a residence more than 10 km from a healthcare unit (p = 0.006) and to turn to traditional medicine as the first healthcare option (p < 0.001) were factors that led to greater time delay before diagnosis. In the Huambo province, age, distance to healthcare facility and the first healthcare service consulted were associated with diagnosis delay of TB.
Abstract 12691: The Biological Clock Regulates Cellular Iron Homeostasis
Authors: Sumeyye Yar, Clara Bien Peek, Xinghang Jiang, Lisa Wilsbacher, Hossein Ardehali
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Iron is an essential metal for various cellular processes including mitochondrial respiration, DNA synthesis and protein synthesis. Low iron stores can disrupt any of these processes, while excess free iron increases oxidative stress. It is thus crucial to regulate iron levels to meet cellular needs while preventing excess iron accumulation. Previously it was reported that human serum iron levels show diurnal variations. However, the underlying mechanism by which iron homeostasis shows rhythmic variations and whether circadian iron regulation also exists at cellular level is unknown. Since the main function of the biological clock is to synchronize cellular demands with environmental signals such as nutrition, we hypothesize that the biological clock regulates cellular iron homeostasis to protect cells from oxidative damage. Results: Assessment of iron levels in various tissues in mice revealed that hepatic iron levels display 24-hour diurnal variations with peaks by the onset of the active period. Furthermore, disruption of the biological clock by the deletion of circadian transcriptional activator Bmal1 caused an increase in hepatic iron levels, which was associated with a decrease in serum iron. To investigate the underlying mechanism of the clock-mediated regulation of cellular iron, we next measured the mRNA levels of iron homeostasis genes in the liver of Bmall -/- and WT mice. Our results indicated that among all proteins involved in iron homeostasis, the levels of the iron exporter, ferroportin-1 (FPN1) was significantly decreased in Bmal -/- mice. Since Bmal1 deletion is associated with an increase in cellular iron, the reduced levels of FPN1 suggests that decreased iron export through FPN1 might be the mechanism for iron accumulation in Bmal -/- livers. Bmal1 deletion was also associated with decreased levels of iron importer protein transferrin-1, consistent with a cellular signature of iron overload. Finally, mRNA expression of FPN1 and TfR1 also displayed diurnal variations. Conclusions: Our data establish a link between the biological clock and cellular iron homeostasis pathways in mammals. Our data also suggests that FPN1 and TfR1 expression might be controlled by the clock machinery.
Platelet-Derived MRP-14 Induces Monocyte Activation in Patients With Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Rebecca Dann, Tarik Hadi, Emilie Montenont, Ludovic Boytard, Dornaszadat Alebrahim, Jordyn Feinstein, Nicole Allen, Russell Simon, Krista Barone, Kunihiro Uryu, Yu Guo, Caron Rockman, Bhama Ramkhelawon, Jeffrey S. Berger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Metabolism, Activity, and Targeting of D- and L-2-Hydroxyglutarates
Authors: Dan Ye, Kun-Liang Guan, Yue Xiong
Journal: Trends in cancer (2018)

Isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDH1/2) are frequently mutated in multiple types of human cancer, resulting in neomorphic enzymes that convert α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) to 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). The current view on the mechanism of IDH mutation holds that 2-HG acts as an antagonist of α-KG to competitively inhibit the activity of α-KG-dependent dioxygenases, including those involved in histone and DNA demethylation. Recent studies have implicated 2-HG in activities beyond epigenetic modification. Multiple enzymes have been discovered that lack mutations but that can nevertheless produce 2-HG promiscuously under hypoxic or acidic conditions. Therapies are being developed to treat IDH-mutant cancers by targeting either the mutant IDH enzymes directly or the pathways sensitized by 2-HG.
Compartmentalized activities of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex sustain lipogenesis in prostate cancer
Authors: Jingjing Chen, Ilaria Guccini, Diletta Di Mitri, Daniela Brina, Ajinkya Revandkar, Manuela Sarti, Emiliano Pasquini, Abdullah Alajati, Sandra Pinton, Marco Losa, Gianluca Civenni, Carlo V. Catapano, Jacopo Sgrignani, Andrea Cavalli, Rocco D’Antuono, John M. Asara, Andrea Morandi, Paola Chiarugi, Sara Crotti, Marco Agostini, Monica Montopoli, Ionica Masgras, Andrea Rasola, Ramon Garcia-Escudero, Nicolas Delaleu, Andrea Rinaldi, Francesco Bertoni, Johann de Bono, Arkaitz Carracedo, Andrea Alimonti
Journal: Nature Genetics (2018)
Erratum: Corrigendum: A common variant mapping to CACNA1A is associated with susceptibility to exfoliation syndrome
Authors: Tin Aung, Mineo Ozaki, Takanori Mizoguchi, R Rand Allingham, Zheng Li, Aravind Haripriya, Satoko Nakano, Steffen Uebe, Jeffrey M Harder, Anita S Y Chan, Mei Chin Lee, Kathryn P Burdon, Yury S Astakhov, Khaled K Abu-Amero, Juan C Zenteno, Yildirim Nilgün, Tomasz Zarnowski, Mohammad Pakravan, Leen Abu Safieh, Liyun Jia, Ya Xing Wang, Susan Williams, Daniela Paoli, Patricio G Schlottmann, Lulin Huang, Kar Seng Sim, Jia Nee Foo, Masakazu Nakano, Yoko Ikeda, Rajesh S Kumar, Morio Ueno, Shin-ichi Manabe, Ken Hayashi, Shigeyasu Kazama, Ryuichi Ideta, Yosai Mori, Kazunori Miyata, Kazuhisa Sugiyama, Tomomi Higashide, Etsuo Chihara, Kenji Inoue, Satoshi Ishiko, Akitoshi Yoshida, Masahide Yanagi, Yoshiaki Kiuchi, Makoto Aihara, Tsutomu Ohashi, Toshiya Sakurai, Takako Sugimoto, Hideki Chuman, Fumihiko Matsuda, Kenji Yamashiro, Norimoto Gotoh, Masahiro Miyake, Sergei Y Astakhov, Essam A Osman, Saleh A Al-Obeidan, Ohoud Owaidhah, Leyla Al-Jasim, Sami Al Shahwan, Rhys A Fogarty, Paul Leo, Yaz Yetkin, Çilingir Oğuz, Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi, Afsaneh Naderi Beni, Shahin Yazdani, Evgeny L Akopov, Kai-Yee Toh, Gareth R Howell, Andrew C Orr, Yufen Goh, Wee Yang Meah, Su Qin Peh, Ewa Kosior-Jarecka, Urszula Lukasik, Mandy Krumbiegel, Eranga N Vithana, Tien Yin Wong, Yutao Liu, Allison E Ashley Koch, Pratap Challa, Robyn M Rautenbach, David A Mackey, Alex W Hewitt, Paul Mitchell, Jie Jin Wang, Ari Ziskind, Trevor Carmichael, Rangappa Ramakrishnan, Kalpana Narendran, Rangaraj Venkatesh, Saravanan Vijayan, Peiquan Zhao, Xueyi Chen, Dalia Guadarrama-Vallejo, Ching Yu Cheng, Shamira A Perera, Rahat Husain, Su-Ling Ho, Ulrich-Christoph Welge-Luessen, Christian Mardin, Ursula Schloetzer-Schrehardt, Axel M Hillmer, Stefan Herms, Susanne Moebus, Markus M Nöthen, Nicole Weisschuh, Rohit Shetty, Arkasubhra Ghosh, Yik Ying Teo, Matthew A Brown, Ignacio Lischinsky, Jonathan G Crowston, Michae Coote, Bowen Zhao, Jinghong Sang, Nihong Zhang, Qisheng You, Vera Vysochinskaya, Panayiota Founti, Anthoula Chatzikyriakidou, Alexandros Lambropoulos, Eleftherios Anastasopoulos, Anne L Coleman, M Roy Wilson, Douglas J Rhee, Jae Hee Kang, Inna May-Bolchakova, Steffen Heegaard, Kazuhiko Mori, Wallace L M Alward, Jost B Jonas, Liang Xu, Jeffrey M Liebmann, Balram Chowbay, Elke Schaeffeler, Matthias Schwab, Fabian Lerner, Ningli Wang, Zhenglin Yang, Paolo Frezzotti, Shigeru Kinoshita, John H Fingert, Masaru Inatani, Kei Tashiro, André Reis, Deepak P Edward, Louis R Pasquale, Toshiaki Kubota, Janey L Wiggs, Francesca Pasutto, Fotis Topouzis, Michael Dubina, Jamie E Craig, Nagahisa Yoshimura, Periasamy Sundaresan, Simon W M John, Robert Ritch, Michael A Hauser, Chiea-Chuen Khor
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)
Abstract 12889: Drug-Eluting Stents in the Treatment of Saphenous Vein Graft Disease: Disappointing Outcome During Long-term Follow-up
Authors: Nicholas J Ruggiero, David L Fischman, Philip Durney, Brandon M Madsen, Paul Walinsky, Michael Gannon, Babu Jasti, David Ogilby, Melissa McCarey, Suzanne Adams, Michael P Savage
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Drug-eluting stents (DES) have been shown to have superior short term outcomes in the treatment of saphenous vein graft (SVG) disease compared to bare metal stents. Hypothesis: The goal of this study was to assess the long term clinical outcome of all patients with SVG disease treated with DES. Methods: 183 consecutive patients undergoing SVG intervention with DES were evaluated. Post-procedure, antiplatelet therapy included aspirin indefinitely and dual antiplatelet therapy for a minimum of 1 year. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were assessed at a mean follow-up of 5 years. MACE was defined as any of the following: death, stroke, myocardial infarction, repeat bypass surgery, repeat target vessel revascularization, or stent thrombosis. Results: The study population consisted of 149 men and 34 women with a mean age of 69 ± 10 years. Diabetes was present in 83 (45%) and acute coronary syndromes were present in 116 (63%). Mean SVG age was 12 ± 6 years. Diffuse disease (≥ 30 mm of treated disease and/or 3 or more lesions in a single vessel) was present in 37%. A total of 243 lesions were treated with 395 DES. Procedural techniques during DES deployment included direct stenting in 50%, pretreatment with intracoronary nicardipine in 49%, and use of a distal protection device in 38%. Kaplan Meier analysis of long-term MACE free survival is shown in the Figure. Although only 18% of patients had a MACE at one year, continued events were common after the first year. At 49 months, 50% of the patients had one or more MACE. Event free survival which was 82% at 1 year was only 41% at 5 years. MACE free survival after first and second generation DES were similar. Conclusions: The long-term outcome after percutaneous intervention of aortocoronary bypass vein grafts continues to present a clinical challenge. Within 5 years after DES placement for SVG disease, fewer than half of the patients remain event free.