tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Observational prospective study to evaluate survival, quality of life and cost of oncologic treatments for advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients that progressed after a first line of treatment: preliminary analysis
Authors: S. Quadrini, I. Sperduti, F. Narducci, F. Ciancola, D. Mastroianni, M. Mauri, A. Fabbri, E.M. Ruggieri, C.L. Roma, G. Mansueto, T. Gamucci
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Identification and validation of a prognostic biomarker panel in head and neck cancer and therapeutic stratification
Authors: Nicholas Shannon, Chin-Ann J. Ong, Stefan Mueller, Sze Min Lek, Xuan Qiu, Ke Li, Kay Nguan K. Koh, Khee Chee Soo, Hiang Koon Tan, Gopalakrishna N. Iyer
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
PDCT-12. OUTCOMES FOR NON METASTATIC DESMOPLASTIC/ NODULAR INFANT MEDULLOBLASTOMA TREATED WITH REDUCED INTENSITY CHEMOTHERAPY AND ORAL MAINTENANCE CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: Santhosh A Upadhyaya, Giles Robinson, Brent Orr, Arzu Onar-Thomas, Catherine Billups, Daniel Bowers, Anne Bendel, John Crawford, Paul Klimo, Julie Harreld, Frederick Boop, Thomas E Merchant, David W Ellison, Amar Gajjar
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Young children with non-metastatic (M0) gross totally resected (GTR) medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity (MBEN) or desmoplastic/nodular (DN) pathology have a reported 5-year progression free survival (PFS) of > 85% with high dose chemotherapy. Herein we evaluate if a dose-reduced chemotherapy regimen can achieve a similarly high PFS, while averting the adverse effects of high dose chemotherapy. Children < 3 years of age with M0 DN/MBEN and GTR were prospectively enrolled on a multi-institutional, risk adapted protocol, SJYC07. All participants were prescribed 4 courses of induction therapy- systemic methotrexate, vincristine, cisplatin and cyclophosphamide, 2 courses of consolidation therapy - carboplatin/VP-16 and 6 months oral maintenance chemotherapy - alternating cycles of cyclophosphamide/topotecan and erlotinib. DNA methylation profiling using the Infinium Human-Methylation 450K BeadChip array was performed to determine molecular subgroup of MB. Enrollment was stopped early after 23 patients, when the observed 1-year PFS fell below the monitoring threshold of 80%. At the time of analysis with median follow up of 5.1 years from treatment initiation, 20/23 patients (87%) are alive with 5 year PFS=60% (SE, 12.7%). All 23 belonged to the SHH subgroup. Nine patients progressed at a median time of 9.3 months from start of therapy- 5 local, 3 distant and 1 combined. At median follow up of 2.3 years from progression, 6/9 patients are alive after salvage with surgery, focal/craniospinal radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. There were no treatment related deaths in the cohort. The majority of children with M0 DN/MBEN can be successfully and less morbidly treated with reduced dose chemotherapy regimen, however outcomes are inferior to prior reports. These results heighten the need for improved stratification of patients within this population. We propose that additional predictive molecular risk factors be sought to identify subset of children who stand to benefit from this dose-reduced regimen.
Age‐related reduction of dermal fibroblast size upregulates multiple matrix metalloproteinases as observed in aged human skin <i>in vivo</i>
Authors: Z. Qin, R.M. Balimunkwe, T. Quan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

Fragmentation of collagen fibrils, the major structure protein in skin, is a hallmark of dermal ageing. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are largely responsible for the fragmentation of collagen fibrils.To quantify gene expression of all 23 known mammalian MMPs in sun-protected young and aged human skin in vivo and to investigate the potential mechanism underlying age-related alteration of multiple MMPs.MMP mRNA expression levels and MMP activity in sun-protected young and aged human skin in vivo were determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ zymography, respectively. The relative contributions to elevated MMPs in epidermis and dermis were quantified by laser capture microdissection coupled real-time RT-PCR. Dermal fibroblast morphology and collagen fibril fragmentation in human skin in vivo were assessed by second-harmonic generation microscopy and atomic force microscopy, respectively. In vitro cell morphology was assessed by CellTracker® fluorescent dye (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR, U.S.A.) and phalloidin staining. Protein levels were determined by ProteinSimple capillary electrophoresis immunoassay (ProteinSimple, Santa Clare, CA, U.S.A.).Multiple MMPs are elevated in aged human skin dermis. Increased MMP activity and collagen fibril fragmentation were observed in aged skin dermis. As dermal fibroblasts are the major MMP-producing cells in the dermis, reduction of dermal fibroblast size, which is observed in aged human skin, contributes to the elevation of age-related multiple MMPs. Reduction of fibroblast size upregulates c-Jun/c-Fos and activates AP-1.Combined actions of the wide variety of MMPs that are constitutively elevated in aged dermis may be involved in the progressive degradation of dermal collagen fibrils. Age-related elevations of multiple MMPs are likely to be a result of the reduction of fibroblast size via activation of AP-1.
METRO-BIBF Phase II, randomised, placebo controlled, multicentre, feasibility study of low dose (metronomic) cyclophosphamide (MCy) with and without nintedanib in advanced ovarian cancer (AOC)
Authors: M. Hall, R. Lillywhite, S. Nicum, R. Lord, R. Glasspool, M. Feeney, A. Hackshaw
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Serum metabolomic as biomarkers to differentiate early from metastatic disease in elderly colorectal cancer (crc) patients
Authors: S. Di Donato, A.R. Mislang, A. Vignoli, E. Mori, S. Vitale, C. Biagioni, C. Hart, D. Becheri, F. Del Monte, C. Luchinat, A. Di Leo, G. Mottino, L. Tenori, L. Biganzoli
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Pneumococcal vaccination of the elderly : Do we need another trial? [2] (multiple letters)
Authors: E. Hak, D.E. Grobbee, G.A. Van Essen, E. Buskens, T.J.M. Verheij, K.L. Nichol, L. Baken, J. Wuorenma, A. Nelson
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2000)
Efficacy Comparison of Oral Versus Intravenous Busulfan in a BuCy Conditioning Regimen for Allogeneic BMT.
Authors: Je-Hwan Lee, Seong-Jun Choi, Jung-Hee Lee, Miee Seol, Young-Shin Lee, Seong-Gil Ryu, Young-Ah Kang, Kyoo-Hyung Lee
Journal: Blood (2007)
ACTR-36. GLIOMATOSIS CEREBRI; CLINICAL COURSE AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES IN SINGLE INSTITUTION
Authors: Keisuke Moriya
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Gliomatosis cerebri (GC) reported by Nevin in 1938 is a mysterious and rare primary brain tumor. GC is defined as a diffuse infiltration of neoplastic glial cell at least three lobes in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification and can be categorized with two patterns. Type1 is typical infiltration and has no tumor mass, type2 has tumor mass spreading to CNS involvement. Prognosis of GC is dismal and there is no standard therapeutic regimen for them. Here, we report clinical course in gliomatosis patients at Tokyo Women’s Medical University in Japan. Fourteen GC patients at Tokyo Women’s Medical University were diagnosed by operation or stereotactic biopsy and treated between October 2003 and April 2015. Using retrospective chart review, we analyzed patient demographics, clinical outcome and duration of therapy were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier estimate. GC patients were 10 males and 4 females. The median age was 50 years (range 18–73). Median Overall Survival (mOS),median Progression Free Survival(mPFS) was 30.5 months, 12.5 months and poor OS(grade II, III, IV:38.5,30,8months; P<0.001)and PFS (18.5,17,5months; P<0.001) was related with higher grade. Among Radiation Therapy group(RT),ChemoTherapy group (CT) and Radiation Chemo Therapy group(CRT), CT was related with better prognosis (OS CT, RT, CRT:43, 34, 17months; P<0.05),PFS (24, 12, 8months; P=0.053). Higher histologic grade was associated with poor prognosis. Although radiation therapy was effective in most reported literatures, radiation alone was not effective. Chemotherapy suggested it was possible to be better prognosis.
IMST-29. LOCAL CONVECTION-ENHANCED DELIVERY OF AN ANTI-CD40 AGONISTIC MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY INDUCES ANTITUMOR EFFECTS
Authors: Takuhiro Shoji, Ryuta Saito, Masashi Chonan, Ichiyo Shibahara, Aya Sato, Masayuki Kanamori, Yukihiko Sonoda, Tooru Kondo, Naoto Ishii, Teiji Tominaga
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Glioblastoma is one of the most malignant brain tumors in adults and has a dismal prognosis. Some immunotherapy against glioblastoma success to prolonged the overall survival and we have reported that CD40, a TNF-R-related cell surface receptor, and its ligand, CD40L, were associated with glioma outcomes. Here we attempted to activate CD40 signaling in the tumor and determine if it exerted therapeutic efficacy. We examined CD40 expression in 3 mouse glioma cell lines (GL261, NSCL61, and bRiTs-G3) and 5 human glioma cell lines (U87, U251, U373, T98, and A172) by western blotting. NSCL61 and bRiTs-G3, as glioma stem cells, also expressed the glioma stem cell markers, MELK and CD44. in vitro, we demonstrated direct antitumor effects of an anti-CD40 agonistic monoclonal antibody (FGK45) against the cell lines. The efficacy of FGK45 was examined by local convection-enhanced delivery of the monoclonal antibody against each glioma model. CD40 was expressed in all mouse and human cell lines tested. FGK45 administration induced significant, direct antitumor effects in vitro. We confirmed the FGK45 distributing in the tumor and peritumoral space by local convection-enhanced delivery. The local delivery of FGK45 significantly prolonged survival compared with controls in the NSCL61 and bRiTs-G3 models, however the effect was not significant in the GL261 model. Increases in apoptosis and CD4+and CD8+ T cell infiltration were observed in the NSCL61 and bRiTs-G3 model after FGK45 treatment, but not in the GL261 model. The enlarged bRiTs-G3 tumor after FGK45 treatment was confirmed that CD40 positive tumor cells increased. Local delivery of FGK45 significantly prolonged survival in glioma stem cell models. Thus, local delivery of this monoclonal antibody is promising for immunotherapy against gliomas.
Mega-Analysis of 50 Years of Diagnosis and Therapy of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Bydgoszcz, Poland: From Prednisolone Therapy to Microarray Studies
Authors: Jan Styczynski, Agnieszka Jatczak-Gaca, Robert Debski, Andrzej Koltan, Mariusz Wysocki
Journal: Blood (2008)
Effect of using different antihypertensive drugs on demographic and clinico-pathological characteristics of breast cancer
Authors: M.A. Sendur, S. Aksoy, N. Ozdemir, O. Yazici, M.B. Akıncı, D.S. Dede, B. Yalçın, N. Zengin, K. Altundag
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
TERT as a prognostic factor for gliomas progression-free survival (PFS)
Authors: M.P. Solis Hernandez, L. Faez, D. Cantero, A. Hernandez Lain, P. Sanchez Gomez, Y. Ruano, M.D.M. Galera, J.M. Sepúlveda Sánchez
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Loss of microRNA-7a2 induces hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and infertility
Authors: Kashan Ahmed, Mary P. LaPierre, Emanuel Gasser, Rémy Denzler, Yinjie Yang, Thomas Rülicke, Jukka Kero, Mathieu Latreille, Markus Stoffel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2017)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are negative modulators of gene expression that fine-tune numerous biological processes. miRNA loss-of-function rarely results in highly penetrant phenotypes, but rather, influences cellular responses to physiologic and pathophysiologic stresses. Here, we have reported that a single member of the evolutionarily conserved miR-7 family, miR-7a2, is essential for normal pituitary development and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) function in adulthood. Genetic deletion of mir-7a2 causes infertility, with low levels of gonadotropic and sex steroid hormones, small testes or ovaries, impaired spermatogenesis, and lack of ovulation in male and female mice, respectively. We found that miR-7a2 is highly expressed in the pituitary, where it suppresses golgi glycoprotein 1 (GLG1) expression and downstream bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) signaling and also reduces expression of the prostaglandin F2a receptor negative regulator (PTGFRN), an inhibitor of prostaglandin signaling and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. Our results reveal that miR-7a2 critically regulates sexual maturation and reproductive function by interconnecting miR-7 genomic circuits that regulate FSH and LH synthesis and secretion through their effects on pituitary prostaglandin and BMP4 signaling.
P09.04 Adoptive T cell therapy for IDH1R132H-mutated low-grade glioma
Authors: B. Weenink, M. van Brakel, R. Wijers, Y. Klaver, Z. Belcaid, C. Berrevoets, P. Sillevis Smitt, P. French, R. Debets
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

than those without deletion.Differential PCR and methylation-specific PCR revealed ERCC1 homozygous deletion or promoter methylation in 10/42 (24%) gemistocytic astrocytomas and in 8/24 (33%) secondary glioblastomas.Alterations in RRAS and ERCC1 were absent in 49 fibrillary astrocytomas and 30 primary glioblastomas, suggesting that they are typical for gemistocytic astrocytomas and secondary glioblastomas. P09.
ATIM-24. SYSTEMATIC IDENTIFICATION OF TOCA 511 RETROVIRUS INTEGRATION SITES AND MUTATION PROFILES IN TUMOR AND BLOOD SAMPLES FROM PATIENTS UNDERGOING INVESTIGATIONAL TREATMENT FOR RECURRENT HIGH GRADE GLIOMA CORRELATES WITH FAVORABLE CLINICAL SAFETY PROFILE
Authors: Daniel Hogan, Oscar Diago
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Toca 511 (vocimagene amiretrorepvec) is a retroviral replicating vector (RRV) based on a gamma retrovirus encoding a cytosine deaminase transgene that allows infected cells to selectively convert the antifungal drug 5-fluorocytosine into the antineoplastic drug 5-fluorouracil. Toca 511 can be delivered by multiple routes, and is designed to selectively infect and spread in tumor cells, and through multiple mechanisms elicit an anti-tumor immune response. Toca 511 and Toca FC have been administered to >125 recurrent high grade glioma patients in three phase I studies (NCT01156584, NCT01470794, NCT01985256) and, based on evidence for safety and drug activity from these trials, a phase 2/3 trial (Toca 5) is in progress (NCT02414165). In addition, we investigated potential off-target (blood) viral infection, and whether such off-target events have potential toxicity. We also investigated the stability profile of Toca 511 genomes after infection of tumor and off-target tissue. To date, approximately 25% of patients show quantifiable viral DNA (LOQ 250 copies/mL) in blood. In all cases, quantifiable virus RNA and DNA signal was cleared from blood. We systematically mapped Toca 511 integration sites from patient samples with detectable virus and sequenced, at high depth, integrated Toca 511 genomes, and in some cases RNA genomes, from these samples. As reported for gamma retroviruses, Toca 511 integration profiles display a preference for integration near active transcription start sites. There was no evidence for clonal expansion of Toca 511 integrated sites or cells. Also there was no preferential insertion of sites nearby oncogenes. Toca 511 sequences display an array of mutations in the tumor and blood, often transitions consistent with cytidine deaminase (APOBEC) activity. The data provide molecular correlates to the previously reported clinical safety profile of Toca 511 and Toca FC treatment and provide support for the activity of Toca 511 and Toca FC treatment in humans.
Concomitantly epirubicin and trastuzumab (the Buzdar Regimen) as neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-overexpressed early breast cancer: a real-life, retrospective, mono-institutional experience
Authors: G. Lavenia, C. Martines, P. Salice, G. Fisichella, F. Latteri, O. Commendatore, M.G. Galasso, S. Pettinato, L. Palumbo, G. Maugeri, R. Bordonaro
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
The Frequency of Rheumatic Disease Autoantibodies in Patients with ADAMTS13-Deficient Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura (TTP).
Authors: Karen K. Swisher, Qurana F. Lewis, Judith A. James, Johanna A. Kremer Hovinga, Bernhard Lämmle, Deirdra R. Terrell, Sara K. Vesely, James N. George
Journal: Blood (2007)
Monoinstitutional experience of vemurafenib and cobimetinib for BRAF mutated metastatic melanoma
Authors: L. Di Guardo, S. Cavalieri, C. Cimminiello, A. Bono, E. Tolomio, A. Colombetti, I. Vetrano, C. Stefanetti, F. de Braud, M. Del Vecchio
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Gestational breast cancer: distinctive molecular and clinico-epidemiological features. GEICAM/2012-03 study
Authors: Jdela Haba, A. Ruiz, M. Pollan, A. Prat, F. Rojo, M. Martin, E. Alba Conejo, J.A. Perez-Fidalgo, J. Gavilá, C. Morales, B. Navarro, A. Hernández-Blanquisett, I. Porras, A. Rodriguez-Lescure, B. Jiménez-Rodríguez, N. Martín, L. Pérez-Ramos, R. Caballero, E. Carrasco, A. Lluch-Hernandez
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
MPTH-17. INTEGRATED MOLECULAR AND PATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISATION OF NON-BRAINSTEM PAEDIATRIC HIGH GRADE GLIOMA FROM THE HERBY PHASE II RANDOMISED TRIAL
Authors: Alan MacKay, Anna Burford, Valeria Molinari, David T. W. Jones, Stefan M Pfister, Thomas Wurdinger, Carlos Bais, Meghna Das Thakur, Gilles Vassal, Jacques Grill, Pascale Varlet, Chris Jones
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

The HERBY trial was a Phase-II open-label, randomised, multicentre trial evaluating bevacizumab in patients with newly-diagnosed non-brainstem high grade glioma (HGG) between the ages of 3-18yrs. 121 patients were randomised with 1yr event-free survival as the primary end-point. Confirmation of HGG diagnosis by reference pathology was mandatory before randomisation, followed by review with five independent expert neuropathologists. We collected specimens from 86 patients consenting to translational research, with 5% tumour material collected as frozen tissue only, 60% FFPE only, and 35% both. We performed Sanger sequencing for H3F3A, Illumina 450K BeadChip methylation profiling, and whole exome sequencing where possible on frozen/FFPE samples, and RNA sequencing on frozen tumour tissue. The median coverage was 418x for frozen tissue and 287x for FFPE. 7/86 patients (8%) harboured H3F3A G34R/V mutations, whilst 23/86 (27%) harboured H3F3A K27M, the latter reflecting a high proportion of the novel entity recognised in the 2016 WHO classification of diffuse midline glioma with H3K27M mutation. There was 100% concordance of H3F3A status between Sanger sequencing, exome sequencing and 450K methylation subtyping, which additionally identified a number of subgroups in histone wild-type cases. These included infrequent (<5%) cases with IDH1 mutation in older children, further categorised into astrocytic ATRX-mutant or, rarely, oligodendroglial 1p19q co-deleted with TERT promoter mutation. A proportion (~10%) of cases were classified as biologically resembling pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) by methylation profiling, several of which had anaplastic PXA as a differential diagnosis during pathology review, and many harbouring BRAF V600E mutations. A small number of cases (~5%) had a mutational burden several orders of magnitude higher than the rest, with >4000 somatic coding variants/sample reflecting a hypermutator phenotype. These data provide an important insight into the wide biological diversity of ‘HGG’ found in the paediatric age group and allow for a profound refinement of clinical trial interpretation.
Germline Mutations in RTEL1 cause Dyskeratosis Congenita
Authors: Bari J. Ballew, Kevin B. Jacobs, Meredith Yeager, Neelam Giri, Joseph F. Boland, Belynda D. Hicks, Laurie Burdett, Amy A. Hutchinson, Blanche P. Alter, Sharon A. Savage
Journal: Blood (2012)
Whole Exome Sequencing to Predict Response to Hypomethylating Agents in MDS
Authors: Holleh D Husseinzadeh, Edward P Evans, Kenichi Yoshida, Hideki Makishima, Andres Jerez, Matthew Ruffalo, Yuichi Shiraishi, Satoru Miyano, Masashi Sanada, Kenichi Chiba, Yasunobu Nagata, Ines Gomez-Segui, Bartlomiej P Przychodzen, Candice Wenzell, Manuel G. Afable, Yogen Saunthararajah, Anjali Advani, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Seishi Ogawa, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski
Journal: Blood (2012)
Phase 1b and Pharmacokinetic Study of Idelalisib in Japanese Patients with Relapsed or Refractory (R/R) Indolent B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (iNHL) or Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Authors: Tomohiro Kinoshita, Noriko Fukuhara, Hirokazu Nagai, Koji Izutsu, Yukio Kobayashi, Yusuke Higuchi, Hideo Harigae, Takashi Tokunaga, Henry Adewoye, Michelle Robeson, Shringi Sharma, Masato Fukui, Jie Gao, Christine Christenson, Kensei Tobinai
Journal: Blood (2015)
Phase Ib/II open-label study of Ad-RTS-hIL-12 + veledimex gene therapy in chemotherapy-responsive locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer patients
Authors: H. McArthur, D. Page, T. Proverbs-Singh, S. Solomon, C. Hudis, L. Norton, S. Patil, M. Henrich, D. Halpenny, J. Erinjeri, J. Yuan, P. Wong, C.A. Jones, M. Escudero, H. Cai, J. Zhou, Y. Yang, J.A. Barrett, F. Lebel
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Taxes and Subsidies for Improving Diet and Population Health in Australia: A Cost-Effectiveness Modelling Study
Authors: Linda J. Cobiac, King Tam, Lennert Veerman, Tony Blakely
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2017)

Background An increasing number of countries are implementing taxes on unhealthy foods and drinks to address the growing burden of dietary-related disease, but the cost-effectiveness of combining taxes on unhealthy foods and subsidies on healthy foods is not well understood. Methods and Findings Using a population model of dietary-related diseases and health care costs and food price elasticities, we simulated the effect of taxes on saturated fat, salt, sugar, and sugar-sweetened beverages and a subsidy on fruits and vegetables, over the lifetime of the Australian population. The sizes of the taxes and subsidy were set such that, when combined as a package, there would be a negligible effect on average weekly expenditure on food (<1% change). We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of the interventions individually, then determined the optimal combination based on maximising net monetary benefit at a threshold of AU$50,000 per disability-adjusted life year (DALY). The simulations suggested that the combination of taxes and subsidy might avert as many as 470,000 DALYs (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 420,000 to 510,000) in the Australian population of 22 million, with a net cost-saving of AU$3.4 billion (95% UI: AU$2.4 billion to AU$4.6 billion; US$2.3 billion) to the health sector. Of the taxes evaluated, the sugar tax produced the biggest estimates of health gain (270,000 [95% UI: 250,000 to 290,000] DALYs averted), followed by the salt tax (130,000 [95% UI: 120,000 to 140,000] DALYs), the saturated fat tax (97,000 [95% UI: 77,000 to 120,000] DALYs), and the sugar-sweetened beverage tax (12,000 [95% UI: 2,100 to 21,000] DALYs). The fruit and vegetable subsidy (−13,000 [95% UI: −44,000 to 18,000] DALYs) was a cost-effective addition to the package of taxes. However, it did not necessarily lead to a net health benefit for the population when modelled as an intervention on its own, because of the possible adverse cross-price elasticity effects on consumption of other foods (e.g., foods high in saturated fat and salt). The study suggests that taxes and subsidies on foods and beverages can potentially be combined to achieve substantial improvements in population health and cost-savings to the health sector. However, the magnitude of health benefits is sensitive to measures of price elasticity, and further work is needed to incorporate potential benefits or harms associated with changes in other foods and nutrients that are not currently modelled, such as red and processed meats and fibre. Conclusions With potentially large health benefits for the Australian population and large benefits in reducing health sector spending on the treatment of non-communicable diseases, the formulation of a tax and subsidy package should be given a more prominent role in Australia's public health nutrition strategy.