tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P052: Parkin Deficiency Results in Disarray of the Mitochondrial Network and Increased Susceptibility to Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Dieter Kubli, Xiaoxue Zhang, Asa Gustafsson
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Parkin is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that was recently discovered to be involved in mitochondrial turnover via autophagy. Although Parkin has been characterized in the setting of neurodegenerative diseases, it is expressed in many other tissues including the heart. In this study, we have investigated the functional role of Parkin in the myocardium using global Parkin knockout (PKO) mice. We found that PKO mice have no overt cardiac phenotypes under normal conditions. Echocardiography showed normal left ventricular fractional shortening (38.82 3.55% for PKO vs. 39.89 1.19% for WT) and ejection fraction (68.53 4.21% for PKO vs. 71.27 1.60% for WT) at 12 weeks of age. Cardiac mitochondria isolated from PKO mice had normal respiratory rates and displayed normal coupling. Additionally, Parkin deficient mitochondria were as susceptible to mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening as WT mitochondria. However, mitochondria from PKO mice had higher baseline absorbance values than WT mitochondria (0.66 0.02 for PKO vs. 0.59 0.02 for WT), suggesting a smaller morphology. Ultrastructural analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed a disorganized mitochondrial network with the presence of clusters of small mitochondria at 12 weeks of age in PKO hearts. At 6 months, PKO mice displayed a decline in cardiac function, and TEM revealed the presence of degenerating mitochondria. Although PKO mice have normal cardiac function at 12-weeks, they were very susceptible to stress. The PKO mice developed more severe dilated cardiomyopathies with reduced survival rates compared to WT in response to myocardial infarction. These data demonstrate that Parkin is involved in the maintenance of the mitochondrial network in the myocardium, and that Parkin deficiency exacerbates stress-induced heart failure. Given the role of Parkin in mitochondrial turnover, Parkin deficiency may result in a gradual decline of mitochondrial quality, the effects of which may surface under conditions of acute stress.
Knowledge and practice habits of hospital doctors who manage sports-related concussion in sri lanka
Authors: Chaminda Goonetilleke, Akbar de Medici, Courtney Kipps
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To investigate the knowledge and practice habits of hospital doctors who evaluate and treat concussions in Sri Lanka. Design email questionnaire survey Setting Emergency departments and surgical wards in hospitals in Sri Lanka Participants The survey was distributed via email to 400 ED and surgical doctors working in hospital practice in Sri Lanka. Only doctors who routinely deal with sport-related concussion were included. Doctors who did not manage concussion were excluded. Outcome measures Survey analysis of concussion knowledge and management habits. Main results 88 surveys from doctors who met the inclusion criteria were returned completed. Respondents answered a mean 72.9% of the concussion signs and symptoms knowledge questions correctly. However only 21 (23%) of doctors surveyed were aware of any concussion management guidelines and 41 (47%) believed that players could resume normal training once they were symptom-free. 71 (80.7%) respondents believed that wearing headgear could help prevent concussion. There was no significant difference in concussion knowledge between consultants and non-consultant grades (p=0.5). 23/88 respondents said they have been pressurised (by the injured player (n=14), coach or manager (13), other players (5), parents (4), other administrators (8)) to return to play early. Conclusions ED and surgical doctors in Sri Lanka have a moderate level of knowledge of sports-related concussion, however few are aware of concussion management guidelines and many continue to adhere to outdated advice. This is the first such survey in Sri Lanka and demonstrates a need for additional sports concussion education. Competing interests None.
Chronic breathlessness: symptom or syndrome?
Authors: Peter M.A. Calverley
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Maybe it's my age. As a young doctor I was keen to understand the mechanisms of disease in the hope that I could repair what had gone wrong. But now I spend more time in reflection on what illness means to the patient and how it affects their lives. There is nothing new in this process, which was beautifully documented in the book A Fortunate Man by the late John Berger about the life and work of John Sassall, a doctor in a rural area of the UK [1]. For most of my career, breathlessness has been the commonest symptom reported by my patients. Despite its ubiquity, we still struggle to understand the mechanisms that underlie this sensation and the way in which it is perceived by our patients. From the doctor's and carer's perspective, breathlessness is, all too often, an invisible symptom [2] but one that can dominate the patient's life either as a source of immediate distress or as a threat that limits their ability to engage with others and retain their independence. Chronic breathlessness needs more attention than it presently receives <http://ow.ly/d3oN30aCImf>
Intubation With Video Laryngoscopy vs Direct Laryngoscopy—Reply
Authors: Jean Baptiste Lascarrou, Aurelie Le Thuaut, Jean Reignier
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
De-escalation of tyrosine kinase inhibitor dose in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia with stable major molecular response (DESTINY): an interim analysis of a non-randomised, phase 2 trial
Authors: Richard E Clark, Fotios Polydoros, Jane F Apperley, Dragana Milojkovic, Christopher Pocock, Graeme Smith, Jenny L Byrne, Hugues de Lavallade, Stephen G O'Brien, Tony Coffey, Letizia Foroni, Mhairi Copland
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2017)
Examining the cumulative effect of repetitive head-impacts on the ability to inhibit a motor response
Authors: Kelsey Bryk, D Wright Alexander, Michael Jakovac, Jonathan D Smirl, Donkelaar Paul van
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To examine how a season of sub-concussive head-impact exposures influence a measure of response-inhibition in contact-sport athletes. Design Prospective cohort Setting Laboratory Participants Twenty-five contact-sport athletes (20.3±1.3 years) performed a response-inhibition task prior to and following the competitive season. Each player wore an adhesive accelerometer (X2Biosystems) during games. Players were excluded if they sustained a concussion during the season. Interventions To probe response-inhibition, an object hit-and-avoid sensorimotor task (KINARM) was performed. This 2.5 minute task entailed the successful hitting of two target shapes while avoiding six other distractor shapes. Players were divided into tertiles (high, medium, low; n=8) based on cumulative number of 20g+ head impacts, cumulative peak linear acceleration (cPLA), and cumulative peak rotational acceleration (cPRA). Comparisons of response-inhibition performance were made between high and low tertiles. Outcome measures Pre-post changes in number of targets hit, distractors hit, total cancelled movements towards pursued distractors (CPDs), and total task accuracy (percent) were recorded for the KINARM task. Results Independent t-tests indicated no significant differences between the high and low tertiles on the KINARM task despite the high tertile group experiencing 4-times greater head impacts throughout the season. There was a trend for greater KINARM task improvement from pre-to-post-season in the bottom tertile, as reflected by the increase in CPDs in their post-season measures (cumulative number: p=0.06, CI=[−16.2148519, 0.7148519]). Conclusions These findings reveal that one season of repetitive sport-related head impacts does not appear to have a significant effect on an athlete’s ability to inhibit a motor response. Competing interests All authors have no competing interests to declare.
Detecting the Presence and Progression of Premalignant Lung Lesions via Airway Gene Expression
Authors: Jennifer Beane, Sarah A. Mazzilli, Anna M. Tassinari, Gang Liu, Xiaohui Zhang, Hanqiao Liu, Anne Dy Buncio, Samjot S. Dhillon, Suso J. Platero, Marc E. Lenburg, Mary E. Reid, Stephen Lam, Avrum E. Spira
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2017)

Purpose: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. The molecular events preceding the onset of disease are poorly understood, and no effective tools exist to identify smokers with premalignant lesions (PMLs) that will progress to invasive cancer. Prior work identified molecular alterations in the smoke-exposed airway field of injury associated with lung cancer. Here, we focus on an earlier stage in the disease process leveraging the airway field of injury to study PMLs and its utility in lung cancer chemoprevention.Experimental Design: Bronchial epithelial cells from normal appearing bronchial mucosa were profiled by mRNA-Seq from subjects with (n = 50) and without (n = 25) PMLs. Using surrogate variable and gene set enrichment analysis, we identified genes, pathways, and lung cancer-related gene sets differentially expressed between subjects with and without PMLs. A computational pipeline was developed to build and test a chemoprevention-relevant biomarker.Results: We identified 280 genes in the airway field associated with the presence of PMLs. Among the upregulated genes, oxidative phosphorylation was strongly enriched, and IHC and bioenergetics studies confirmed pathway findings in PMLs. The relationship between PMLs and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) was also confirmed using published lung cancer datasets. The biomarker performed well predicting the presence of PMLs (AUC = 0.92, n = 17), and changes in the biomarker score associated with progression/stability versus regression of PMLs (AUC = 0.75, n = 51).Conclusions: Transcriptomic alterations in the airway field of smokers with PMLs reflect metabolic and early lung SCC alterations and may be leveraged to stratify smokers at high risk for PML progression and monitor outcome in chemoprevention trials. Clin Cancer Res; 23(17); 5091-100. ©2017 AACR.
Clinical Outcome and Non-Synonymous Mutation Clearance in Chinese Children with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treated with a Low-Intensity Induction Chemotherapy Regimen
Authors: Aili Chen, Yixin Hu, Xin Liu, Jun Lu, Peifang Xiao, Xinchang Zheng, Jin Yang, Ya Zhang, Jingyi Yang, Fuhong He, Pinpin Sui, Hailong He, Yi Wang, Cheng Cheng, Raul C. Ribeiro, Shaoyan Hu, Qianfei Wang
Journal: Blood (2016)
Abstract 150: Association Between Serum Ghrelin Levels and Coronary Artery Disease: a Meta-analysis
Authors: Pradyumna Agasthi, Sivakanth Aloor, Avantika Chenna, Anekwe Onwuanyi
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Background: Ghrelin (GH) is a gastrointestinal endocrine peptide regulating multiple biological processes including adipogenesis, glucose metabolism, cell differentiation and proliferation. Recent studies demonstrated that GH inhibits pro-atherogenic changes in vessel wall via inhibition of nuclear factor - B activity, a transcriptional factor mediating production pro-inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecule expression in the endothelium. The aim of the current study is to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between serum GH levels and coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: We searched MEDLINE, CINHAL and COCHRANE databases for studies reporting serum GH levels in the CAD and non CAD study population. We included case controls, cohort and cross-sectional studies. We calculated the weighted standardized mean difference (SMD) in serum GH levels between the CAD and control groups. Results: Our search strategy yielded 285 articles and we included 10 studies enrolling 1855 participants. The median age of the CAD group was 62 yrs. (IQR 60 - 63) compared to 61 yrs. (IQR 58 - 65) in the control group. The median body mass index in the CAD group was 28 kg/m2 (IQR 27.9 - 28) compared to 27 kg/m2 (IQR 26 - 27) in the control group. The unweighted median serum GH levels in the CAD group were 0.66 ng/ml (IQR 0.3 - 1.6) compared to 0.76 ng/ml (IQR 0.38 - 4.9) in the control group. The SMD of GH level was -0.44 (95% CI -0.56,-0.31) p&lt;0.001 comparing those in the CAD group and control group. Conclusion: Serum GH levels are significantly and inversely associated with CAD. Current findings warrant the need to further investigate the role of GH in the pathogenesis of CAD.
First-Episode Schizophrenia and Diabetes Risk
Authors: Christina Mangurian, Nicholas S. Riano, John W. Newcomer
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Abstract 317: Conditional Knockout Of Phd2 Ameliorates High-fat Diet-induced Cardiac Dysfunction Via Inhibition Of Tlr4-nfκB Pathway In A Hifa-independent Manner
Authors: heng Zeng, Jian-Xiong chen
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Oxygen sensors prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) plays an important role in the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIFα) as well as nuclear factor-κ B (NF-κB) activity. Our previous study demonstrated that activation of vascular Toll-like receptor TLR-MyD88-IRAK4 signaling pathway contributes to vascular dysfunction in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced diabetes. The present study investigates whether conditional knockout of prolyl hydroxylase-2 (PHD2) improves cardiac function via suppression of TLR-NF-κb signaling in a HFD-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy mouse model. Wild type (WT-Cre + ), PHD2 conditional knockout (PHD2CKO) and PHD2 +/- mice were fed with either HFD or normal chow diet (NFD) for 18 weeks. The levels of PHD1-3, HIF, angiogenic growth factors, MyD88, IRAK-4, TLR4, NF-κb and Wnt7b gene expression were measured. Cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and cardiac function were analyzed at 18 weeks after PHD2 deactivation . Feeding of WT-Cre + mice with HFD for 18 weeks resulted in a significant reduction of cardiac functions. The basal expression of PHD2 was significantly increased in the heart of HFD mice. The expression of PHD2 was significantly reduced in the heart of PHD2CKO and PHD2 +/- mice fed with HFD whereas PHD1 and PHD3 expression remains unchanged. Conditional knockout of PHD2 resulted in suppression of MyD88, IRAK-4, TLR4, NF-κb and Wnt7b expression. Deactivation of PHD2 had little effect on the expression of HIF1α, HIF2α and angiogenic growth factor in the hearts of HFD-induced diabetic mice. Conditional knockout of PHD2 further suppressed HFD-induced cardiac hypertrophy and significantly improved HFD-induced cardiac dysfunction. In contrast, conditional knockout of PHD2 resulted in an increase in HIFα expression and cardiac dysfunction in NFD mice. These results suggest that deactivation of PHD2 attenuates HFD-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy via suppression of TLR4-MyD88-IRAK4-NF-κb-Wnt7b signaling pathway in a HIF-independent manner.
Concussion diagnosis: the king-devick test in the canadian football league
Authors: Dhiren J Naidu, Martin Mrazik
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To conduct a sensitivity analysis of the King-Devick (K-D) test in professional football. Design Prospective cohort. Setting Professional football. Participants: 269 professional football players from the Canadian Football League (CFL). There were 24 concussions to analyse. Intervention The K-D test was added to the existing CFL concussion protocol (medical and SCAT3). All participants completed K-D assessments at baseline, at the time of injury/concussion (TOI), and at medical clearance prior to return to play (RTP). 20 controls were re-tested post-baseline. Outcome measures K-D scores were analysed to construct a sensitivity analysis. Main results TOI K-D results were significantly higher (mean=50.21, range: 35.4–107.4) than baseline K-D results (mean=44.3, range 28.4–66.4; p&lt;0.01). TOI K-D results yielded 94% sensitivity and 80% specificity for diagnosing concussions. Four groups emerged from the TOI data. In Group 1, 4/4 were asymptomatic within 24 hours and scores were better (lower) than baseline; Group 2 were asymptomatic within 72 hours and 8/9 had abnormal (poorer) scores; Group 3 were asymptomatic within 11 days and 5/5 had abnormal scores. Group 4 were symptomatic by season’s end and 4/4 had abnormal scores. 18/18 players who RTP had better K-D scores than baseline prior to RTP. Conclusions The K-D test proved to be useful for concussion diagnosis. Interestingly, the players in Group 1 had normal TOI K-D scores and were asymptomatic in &lt;24 hours. More research is needed and the CFL will continue this next season. Competing interests None.
Patterns of anaphylaxis after diagnostic workup: A follow‐up study of 226 patients with suspected anaphylaxis
Authors: A. Ruiz Oropeza, C. Bindslev‐Jensen, S. Broesby‐Olsen, T. Kristensen, M. B. Møller, H. Vestergaard, H. F. Kjaer, S. Halken, A. Lassen, C. G. Mortz
Journal: Allergy (2017)

Most published studies on anaphylaxis are retrospective or register based. Data on subsequent diagnostic workup are sparse. We aimed to characterize patients seen with suspected anaphylaxis at the emergency care setting (ECS), after subsequent diagnostic workup at our Allergy Center (AC).Prospective study including patients from the ECS, Odense University Hospital, during May 2013-April 2014. Possible anaphylaxis cases were daily identified based on a broad search profile including history and symptoms in patient records, diagnostic codes and pharmacological treatments. At the AC, all patients were evaluated according to international guidelines.Among 226 patients with suspected anaphylaxis, the diagnosis was confirmed in 124 (54.9%) after diagnostic workup; 118 of the 124 fulfilled WAO/EAACI criteria of anaphylaxis at the ECS, while six were found among 46 patients with clinical suspicion but not fulfilling the WAO/EAACI criteria at the ECS. The estimated incidence rate of anaphylaxis was 26 cases per 100 000 person-years and the one-year period prevalence was 0.04%. The most common elicitor was drugs (41.1%) followed by venom (27.4%) and food (20.6%). In 13 patients (10.5%), no elicitor could be identified. Mastocytosis was diagnosed in 7.7% of adult patients and was significantly associated with severe anaphylaxis. Atopic diseases were significantly associated only with food-induced anaphylaxis. Cofactors were present in 58.1% and were significantly associated with severe anaphylaxis.A broad search profile in the ECS and subsequent diagnostic workup is important for identification and classification of patients with anaphylaxis. Evaluation of comorbidities and cofactors is important.
Vesicular Rash in a Neutropenic Infant
Authors: Courtney Gwinn, Jason E. Hawkes, Keith L. Duffy
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

A female infant with relapsed refractory infantile acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented with several vesicles with an erythematous base on the lower back and left thigh 17 days after reinduction chemotherapy. What is your diagnosis?
Endoscopic hand-suturing for defect closure after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection: a pilot study in animals and in humans
Authors: Osamu Goto, Motoki Sasaki, Teppei Akimoto, Yasutoshi Ochiai, Yoshiyuki Kiguchi, Yutaka Mitsunaga, Ai Fujimoto, Tadateru Maehata, Toshihiro Nishizawa, Hiroya Takeuchi, Yuko Kitagawa, Naohisa Yahagi
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Abstract Background and study aims Mucosal suturing enables reliable and optimal defect closure after endoscopic treatments. We developed and investigated the feasibility of endoscopic hand-suturing (EHS) after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in porcine in vivo models and in human clinical cases. Patients and methods EHS involving continuous suturing of the mucosal layers using a through-the-scope needle-holder and absorbable barbed suture, was performed after gastric ESD in six live pigs and in eight consecutive patients. Success rates, adverse events, and suture maintenance were subsequently investigated. Results EHS was successfully completed in all six pigs and eight patients (100 %) without severe adverse events. However, at 1 week postoperatively the suture closures had not been maintained in all six porcine cases and in the first four clinical cases. In the later four clinical cases, wider and tight suturing of the mucosal edges ensured that the defects remained closed until postoperative week 4. Conclusion EHS is a feasible procedure that may facilitate secure and refined endoscopic surgeries. Mucosal closure in such cases can be maintained using firm suturing. Clinical trial number: UMIN000017125