tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A randomized phase III study evaluating the efficacy of single-dose NEPA, a fixed antiemetic combination of netupitant and palonosetron, versus an aprepitant regimen for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC)
Authors: L. Zhang, S. Lu, J. Feng, A. Dechaphunkul, J. Chang, D. Wang, S. Chessari, C. Lanzarotti, K. Jordan, M. Aapro
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)

Co-administration of multiple antiemetics that inhibit several molecular pathways involved in emesis is required to optimize chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) control in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). NEPA, a fixed combination of a highly selective NK1 receptor antagonist, netupitant (300 mg), and the pharmacologically distinct 5-HT3RA, palonosetron (PALO 0.50 mg), has shown superior CINV prevention compared with PALO in cisplatin and anthracycline/cyclophosphamide-based settings. This study is the first head-to-head comparison of NEPA versus an aprepitant (APR)/granisetron (GRAN) regimen.This randomized, double-blind phase III study conducted in Asia was designed with the primary objective to demonstrate non-inferiority of a single oral dose of NEPA compared with a 3-day oral APR/GRAN regimen in chemotherapy-naïve patients receiving cisplatin-based HEC. All patients also received oral dexamethasone (DEX) on days 1-4. The primary efficacy endpoint was complete response (CR: no emesis/no rescue medication) during the overall (0-120 h) phase. Non-inferiority was defined as a lower 95% CI greater than the non-inferiority margin set at - 10%. Secondary efficacy endpoints included no emesis, no rescue medication, and no significant nausea (NSN).Treatment groups were comparable for the 828 patients analyzed: predominantly male (71%); mean age 54.5 years; ECOG 0-1 (98%); lung cancer (58%). NEPA demonstrated non-inferiority to APR/GRAN for overall CR [NEPA 73.8% versus APR/GRAN 72.4%, 95% CI (-4.5%, 7.5%)]. No emesis [NEPA 75.0% versus APR/GRAN 74.0%, 95% CI (-4.8%, 6.9%)] and NSN rates [NEPA 75.7% versus APR/GRAN 70.4%, 95% CI (-0.6%, 11.4%)] were similar between groups, but significantly more NEPA patients did not take rescue medication [NEPA 96.6% versus APR/GRAN 93.5%, 95% CI (0.2%, 6.1%)]. NEPA was well tolerated with a similar safety profile to APR/GRAN.In this first study comparing NK1RA regimens and DEX, NEPA administered only on day 1 was non-inferior to a 3-day oral APR/GRAN regimen in preventing CINV associated with HEC.
Rubéola em Inglaterra, Escócia e País de Gales
Authors: P Tookey
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

No Reino Unido, a vacina da rubeola e oferecida a raparigas em idade escolar desde 1970, com a introducao do teste pre-natal e vacinacao pos-parto em mulheres susceptiveis durante os anos setenta. A vacinacao em massa com a vacina contra a Papeira, Sarampo e Rubeola (MMR) em criancas dos 12 aos 15 meses foi introduzida em 1988; a vacinacao das raparigas em idade escolar foi interrompida em 1996 e substituida por uma 2a dose de MMR nas criancas em idade pre-escolar; a vacinacao pos-parto de mulheres susceptiveis identificadas por teste pre-natal mantem-se. A rubeola tornou-se doenca de notificacao em 1988 e e monitorizada por relatorios clinicos e laboratoriais; estao disponiveis dados referentes a interrupcoes da gravidez associadas a rubeola e a nascimentos com rubeola congenita (CR), susceptibilidade a rubeola em sub-grupos da populacao e captacao da vacina. Os casos notificados de CR diminuiram de aproximadamente 50 por ano de 1971 a 75 para apenas um pouco mais de 20 por ano de 1986 a 90, tendo as interrupcoes da gravidez associadas a rubeola diminuido de uma media de 750 para 50 por ano. Desde 1991 que foram notificadas cerca de 40 criancas com CR; cerca de um terco das maes tinha sido infectado no estrangeiro, a maioria no seu pais de origem (infeccoes importadas), um terco tinha nascido no estrangeiro mas contraido a infeccao no Reino Unido e um terco tinha nascido no Reino Unido. As mulheres residentes no Reino Unido mas nascidas no estrangeiro apresentam taxas de susceptibilidade a rubeola muito mais elevadas do que as mulheres nascidas no Reino Unido. Embora as infeccoes de rubeola actualmente em circulacao seja extremamente reduzidas, a captacao da MMR diminuiu em mais de 10% desde 1995. Se a rubeola comecar a circular novamente, as mulheres imigrantes estarao em maior risco para contrair a infeccao durante a gravidez.
TCT-399 Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortiv Valve Implantation Under Continued vs. Interrupted Oral Anticoagulation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Norman Mangner, Lisa Crusius, Felix Woitek, Stephan Haussig, Aileen Spindler, Florian Schlotter, Georg Stachel, Sergey Leontyev, Philipp Kiefer, David Michael Holzhey, Friedrich-Wilhelm Mohr, Gerhard Schuler, Axel Linke
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
TCT-520 PROspective, Randomized Comparison of 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography Guidance versus TEE data for Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion (PRO3DLAAO)
Authors: Marvin Eng, Dee Dee Wang, Adam Greenbaum, Neil Gheewala, Tongwa Aka, Thomas Song, Milan Pantelic, Thomas Keimig, Hazem Hawasli, Bradley Kendall, Janet Wyman, Eric Myers, William O'Neill
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
El uso de pruebas rápidas en la vigilancia de la gripe: experiencia suiza y recomendaciones del EISS
Authors: Y Thomas, L Kaiser, W Wunderli
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2003)

La vigilancia requiere tiempo para realizar un analisis y para su posterior comunicacion a los medicos. Para reducir este retraso, se ha evaluado la creacion de un nuevo sistema de vigilancia basado en el uso de pruebas rapidas. La gran especificidad de estas pruebas, junto con la rapidez con que se obtienen los resultados, las hacen interesantes para la vigilancia de epidemias de gripe en la practica comunitaria. Esta vigilancia se ha utilizado en varios paises, incluido Suiza. Se han analizado cuatro temporadas diferentes, en el periodo 1999-2003, de este tipo de vigilancia experimentada en Suiza. La heterogeneidad en cuanto a intensidad y tipo de cepas detectadas en estas cuatro temporadas epidemicas permitio realizar una evaluacion eficaz. La media de ahorro de tiempo que suponen las pruebas rapidas frente al cultivo celular fue de nueve dias. Asimismo, la formacion de participantes demostro ser esencial para asegurar la calidad del sistema de vigilancia. Una declaracion sobre el uso de pruebas rapidas en la vigilancia de la gripe fue apoyada finalmente por los miembros del EISS. Se incluyen recomendaciones para que la red utilice los datos de las pruebas rapidas, que proporcionan informacion adicional a los sistemas de vigilancia habituales, como sistema de alerta precoz de un cambio en la actividad gripal.
Méningite à virus Toscana au Portugal, 2002-2005
Authors: L Santos, J Simões, R Costa, S Martins, H Lecour
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

L’infection a virus Toscana est de nature endemique en Italie. Cependant, elle a egalement ete recensee dans d’autres pays mediterraneens. Notre objectif etait d’etudier le nombre de meningites a virus Toscana (TOSV) chez les enfants et les jeunes adultes dans une region metropolitaine du nord du Portugal.
TCT-365 Feasibility and Safety of Atherectomy in Endovascular Treatment of Infrainguinal Peripheral Arterial Disease via Retrograde Transpedal Approach
Authors: Apurva Patel, Roosha Parikh, Becky Naoulou, Rahul Gokhroo, Orkhan Guliyev, Joseph Puma, Tak Kwan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Iniziative olandesi per controllare i ceppi MRSA in una Unione Europea in espansione
Authors: J H T Wagenvoort
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2000)

Nei Paesi Bassi la politica adottata a livello nazionale per prevenire la diffusione dello Staphylococcus aureus meticillino-resistente (MRSA) ha mostrato che e possibile eliminare gli MRSA dagli ospedali e far in modo che non diventino endemici. L’adozione di misure efficaci contro gli MRSA aiutera anche a prevenire il diffondersi di altre infezioni all'interno degli ospedali. E’ necessaria una politica comune a livello europeo per far fronte a questo problema.
Coronary Artery Calcium Progression Is Associated With Coronary Plaque Volume Progression
Authors: Indre Ceponiene, Rine Nakanishi, Kazuhiro Osawa, Mitsuru Kanisawa, Negin Nezarat, Sina Rahmani, Kendall Kissel, Michael Kim, Eranthi Jayawardena, Alexander Broersen, Pieter Kitslaar, Matthew J. Budoff
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2017)
Epidémie de trichinellose à Trichinella britovi
Authors: M Cortés-Blanco, A García-Cabañas, F Guerra-Peguero, J M Ramos-Aceitero, D Herrera-Guibert, J. F. Martinez Navarro
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2002)

Une epidemie de trichinellose a T. britovi est survenue a Caceres, en Espagne, du 18 decembre 2001 au 11 fevrier 2002, suite a la consommation de viande mal cuite, provenant d’un porc domestique. Sur les 56 personnes exposees, 26 cas de trichinellose ont ete diagnostiques, dont 17 confirmes par serologie. La periode d’incubation mediane etait de 23,5 jours ([3-45]). Parmi les aliments suspectes, les saucisses de type salami etaient associees a un taux d’attaque de 93,3% (14/15), et un effet dose-reponse a ete mis en evidence. Trichinella britovi est une espece essentiellement sylvatique, mais cette etude suggere un changement de l’epidemiologie de la trichinellose.
Recomendaciones para el manejo de la profilaxis post-exposición al VIH después de exposiciones sexuales, parenterales y otras, en Europa
Authors: J Almeda, J Casabona Barbarà, B Simon, M Gérard, D Rey, V Puro, T Thomas
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

La profilaxis post-exposicion (PPE) es una medida de atencion estandar cuando el personal sanitario se expone accidentalmente al contagio de una persona fuente infectada por VIH (exposicion ocupacional), pero no ocurre asi en las exposiciones no ocupacionales. Existen muy pocas recomendaciones nacionales para la atencion de exposiciones no ocupacionales al VIH. Contrariamente que para las ocupacionales La administracion de profilaxis pos-exposicion no ocupacional (NONOPEP) al VIH puede justificarse por: la plausibilidad biologica, la efectividad de la PPE en estudios animales y en exposiciones ocupacionales en humanos, la eficacia de la prevencion de la transmision de madre a hijo, y algunos estudios de costo-efectividad. Estas evidencias, el hecho de que ciertas exposiciones no ocupacionales tengan mayor o similar riesgo de transmision de VIH que las ocupacionales, y las discordancias sobre actitudes y practicas entre los medicos europeos sobre la NONOPEP llevan a proponer las siguientes Recomendaciones europeas. Miembros participantes en el Proyecto europeo de NONOPEP para el VIH financiado por la Comision europea (Proyecto numero 2000CVG4-022) y reconocidos como expertos en transmision y prevencion de patogenos por via parenteral se reunieron de diciembre del 2000 a diciembre de 2002 en tres encuentros formales y un taller de trabajo de dos dias para una revision bibliografica sobre la evaluacion del riesgo y la elaboracion de unas recomendaciones europeas para la actuacion frente a la NONOPEP al VIH. La NONOPEP es recomendada en sexo anal receptivo no protegido y en intercambio de jeringas cuando la persona fuente es conocida como VIH positiva o pertenece a un grupo de poblacion con alta prevalencia de VIH. Cualquier combinacion de farmacos disponible para pacientes infectados por el VIH puede ser usada como PPE y serian preferibles los regimenes mas simples y menos toxicos. La PPE debe ser prescrita dentro de las 72 horas desde el momento de la exposicion, comenzando lo antes posible y completando cuatro semanas. Todos los pacientes deben recibir atencion medica incluyendo pruebas de anticuerpos al VIH, monitorizacion de la toxicidad y consejo asistido periodicamente por al menos 6 meses desde la exposicion. La NONOPEP parece ser una practica clinica viable y frecuente en Europa. Las recomendaciones para su atencion se han establecido por consenso, pero algunas son controvertidas y deberan ser actualizadas periodicamente. La NONOPEP no puede considerarse nunca como una estrategia de prevencion primaria y la decision final de prescripcion debe realizarse en base a la relacion medico-paciente. Finalmente, un sistema de vigilancia epidemiologica de estos casos seria util para la monitorizacion de las practicas de NONOPEP en Europa.
Predictors of revision, prosthetic joint infection and mortality following total hip or total knee arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a nationwide cohort study using Danish healthcare registers
Authors: Rene Lindholm Cordtz, Kristian Zobbe, Pil Højgaard, Lars Erik Kristensen, Søren Overgaard, Anders Odgaard, Hanne Lindegaard, Lene Dreyer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

To investigate predictors of 10-year risk of revision and 1-year risk of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) and death following total hip/total knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA) in (1) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with patients with osteoarthritis (OA); and (2) patients with RA treated with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD) within 90 days preceding surgery compared with non-treated.Register-based cohort study using the Danish National Patient Register, the DANBIO rheumatology register (RA-specific confounders and treatment episodes) and the Danish Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Registers. Survival analyses were used to calculate confounder-adjusted sub-HRs (SHR) and HRs.In total, 3913 patients with RA with THA/TKA were compared with 120 499 patients with OA. Patients with RA had decreased risk of revision (SHR 0.71 (0.57-0.89)), but increased risk of PJI (SHR=1.46 (1.13-1.88)) and death (HR=1.25 (1.01-1.55)). In DANBIO, 345 of 1946 patients with RA with THA/TKA had received bDMARD treatment within 90 days preceding surgery. bDMARD-treated patients did not have a statistically significant increased risk of revision (SHR=1.49 (0.65-3.40)), PJI (SHR=1.61 (0.70-3.69)) nor death (HR=0.75 (0.24-2.33)) compared with non-treated. Glucocorticoid exposure (HR=2.87 (1.12-7.34)) and increasing DAS28 (HR=1.49 (1.01-2.20)) were risk factors for mortality.Patients with RA had a decreased 10-year risk of revision while the risk of death and PJI was increased compared with patients with OA following THA/TKA. bDMARD exposure was not associated with statistically significant increased risk of neither PJI nor death in this study. Glucocorticoid exposure and increased disease activity were associated with an increased risk of death.
Effect of Technique on Outcomes Following Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold Implantation
Authors: Gregg W. Stone, Alexandre Abizaid, Yoshinobu Onuma, Ashok Seth, Runlin Gao, John Ormiston, Takeshi Kimura, Bernard Chevalier, Ori Ben-Yehuda, Ovidiu Dressler, Tom McAndrew, Stephen G. Ellis, Dean J. Kereiakes, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
TCT-237 Comparison of an Innovative Hybrid Closure Technique versus Conventional Vascular Closure Strategy in Large Bore Access during Mechanical Hemodynamic Support for High Risk Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Sagger Mawri, Mahmoud Ali, Abdelrahim Elsheikh, Ahmed Abuzaanona, Ruchir Patel, Gerald Koenig, Mohammad Zaidan, Akshay Khandelwal, Michele Voeltz, Henry Kim, William O'Neill, Khaldoon Alaswad
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Surveillance de l’introduction potentielle du variant de Chlamydia trachomatis (swCT) suédois aux Pays Bas
Authors: S A Morré, A Catsburg, I M de Boer, J Spaargaren, H Jc de Vries, J Schirm, P Hm Savelkoul, J van Steenbergen, C M Swaan
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

Ce rapport decrit les mesures prises par les experts de sante publique en cooperation avec des specialistes des maladies sexuellement transmissibles (MST), des epidemiologistes et des microbiologistes (moleculaires) pour etudier l’introduction possible du variant swCT aux Pays Bas
Engineered Zn(II)-Dipicolylamine-Gold Nanorod Provides Effective Prostate Cancer Treatment by Combining siRNA Delivery and Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Kyung Hyun Min, Young-Hwa Kim, Zhantong Wang, Jihoon Kim, Jee Seon Kim, Sun Hwa Kim, Kwangmeyung Kim, Ick Chan Kwon, Dale O. Kiesewetter, Xiaoyuan Chen
Journal: Theranostics (2017)

Combination cancer treatment has emerged as a critical approach to achieve remarkable anticancer effect.In this study, we prepared a theranostic nanoformulation that allows for photoacoustic imaging as well as combination gene and photothermal therapy.Gold nanorods (GNR) were coated with dipicolyl amine (DPA), which forms stable complexes with Zn 2+ cations.The resulting nanoparticles, Zn(II)/DPA-GNR, recognize phosphate-containing molecules, including siRNA, because of the specific interaction between Zn(II) and the phosphates.We chose anti-polo-like kinase 1 siRNA (siPLK) as our example for gene silencing.The strong complexation between Zn(II)/DPA-GNR and siPLK provided high stability to the nano-complexes, which efficiently delivered siRNA into the targeted cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.The particle served as a theranostic agent because the GNRs of nano-complexes permitted effective photothermal therapy as well as photoacoustic imaging upon laser irradiation.This gene/photothermal combination therapy using siPLK/Zn(II)DPA-GNRs exhibited significant antitumor activity in a PC-3 tumor mouse model.The concept described in this work may be extended to the development of efficient delivery strategies for other polynucleotides as well as advanced anticancer therapy.
Genetic mannose binding lectin deficiency is associated with airway microbiota diversity and reduced exacerbation frequency in COPD
Authors: Alison J Dicker, Megan L Crichton, Andrew J Cassidy, Gill Brady, Adrian Hapca, Roger Tavendale, Gisli G Einarsson, Elizabeth Furrie, J Stuart Elborn, Stuart Schembri, Sara E Marshall, Colin N A Palmer, James D Chalmers
Journal: Thorax (2017)

Background In cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis, genetic mannose binding lectin (MBL) deficiency is associated with increased exacerbations and earlier mortality; associations in COPD are less clear. Preclinical data suggest MBL interferes with phagocytosis of Haemophilus influenzae , a key COPD pathogen. We investigated whether MBL deficiency impacted on clinical outcomes or microbiota composition in COPD. Methods Patients with COPD (n=1796) underwent MBL genotyping; linkage to health records identified exacerbations, lung function decline and mortality. A nested subcohort of 141 patients, followed for up to 6 months, was studied to test if MBL deficiency was associated with altered sputum microbiota, through 16S rRNA PCR and sequencing, or airway inflammation during stable and exacerbated COPD. Findings Patients with MBL deficiency with COPD were significantly less likely to have severe exacerbations (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.66, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.90, p=0.009), or to have moderate or severe exacerbations (IRR 0.77, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.99, p=0.047). MBL deficiency did not affect rate of FEV 1 decline or mortality. In the subcohort, patients with MBL deficiency had a more diverse lung microbiota (p=0.008), and were less likely to be colonised with Haemophilus spp. There were lower levels of airway inflammation in patients with MBL deficiency. Interpretation Patients with MBL deficient genotype with COPD have a lower risk of exacerbations and a more diverse lung microbiota. This is the first study to identify a genetic association with the lung microbiota in COPD.
TCT-289 Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold Resorption and Integration into Arterial Wall in the Porcine Model of Spontaneous Untreated Atherosclerosis: A 4-Year OCT Study
Authors: Yanping Cheng, Qing Wang, Laura Perkins, Richard Rapoza, Jenn McGregor, Gerard Conditt, Greg Kaluza, Juan Granada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Tobacco Use Among Working Adults — United States, 2014–2016
Authors: Girija Syamlal, Brian A. King, Jacek M. Mazurek
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

Cigarette smoking has declined considerably among U.S. adults over several decades (1); however, increases have occurred in the use of noncigarette tobacco products in recent years, and the use of multiple tobacco products has become common among current users of noncigarette tobacco products (2,3). Differences in tobacco use have also been observed across population subgroups, including among working adults (2,4). CDC analyzed National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data for 2014-2016 to describe the most recent prevalence estimates of current (every day or some days) tobacco product use among working U.S. adults by industry and occupation. Among working adults, 22.1% (32.7 million) currently used any form of tobacco; 15.4% used cigarettes, 5.8% used other combustible tobacco (cigars, pipes, water pipes or hookahs, very small cigars, and bidis), 3.0% used smokeless tobacco, and 3.6% used electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes); 4.6% (6.9 million) reported current use of two or more tobacco products. By industry, any tobacco use ranged from 11.0% among education services to 34.3% among construction workers; current use of two or more tobacco products was highest among construction workers (7.1%). By occupation, any tobacco use ranged from 9.3% among life, physical, and social science workers to 37.2% among installation, maintenance, and repair workers; current use of two or more tobacco products was highest among installation, maintenance, and repair workers (10.1%). Proven interventions to prevent and reduce tobacco product use, including current use of multiple products, among working adults are important (5,6). Workplace tobacco-control interventions have been especially effective in reducing cigarette smoking prevalence (7).
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Mental Health
Authors: Lt Alfred G. Smith, Lt Benjamin S. Vipler
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2017)

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