tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Apport de la laparoscopie diagnostique en pathologie digestive
Authors: M El Abkari, D Benajah, N Aqodad, S Benouna, B Oudghiri, A Ibrahimi
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

But: La pathologie péritonéale, en particulier la tuberculose péritonéale, est fréquente au Maroc. Plusieurs méthodes d’exploration permettent d’orienter le diagnostic mais la confirmation nécessite la réalisation d’une laparoscopie avec étude histologique puisqu’il est indispensable de faire le diagnostic différentiel avec une carcinose péritonéale. Le but de notre travail est d’apprécier la place primordiale qu’occupe la laparoscopie dans le diagnostic des pathologies digestives surtout péritonéales à travers l’expérience du service de gastro-entérologie du CHU Hassan II de Fès (centre du Maroc). Patients et Méthodes: 156 laparoscopies diagnostiques ont été réalisées au service de gastro-entérologie du CHU Hassan II de Fès durant la période allant du 01/02/2001 au 10/10/2003. Différents paramètres seront analysés: données épidémiologiques, indications de la laparoscopie ainsi queses résultats et ses complications. Résultats: Sur le plan épidémiologique: l’âge moyen de nos patients est de 40 ans (extrêmes allant de 8 à 96 ans) avec une prédominance féminine (sex ratio = 0,54). La principale indication est le diagnostic d’une ascite isolée (89% des cas). La laparoscopie a permis de faire le diagnostic d’une tuberculose péritonéale dans 63% des cas, d’une carcinose péritonéale dans 14% des cas et d’un foie de cirrhose dans 11% des cas ; alors qu’elle était normale dans 4% des cas. Une biopsie péritonéale était systématiquement réalisée devant toute lésion péritonéale observée (granulations, adhérences) et même en cas de péritoine macroscopiquement normal. Nous avons déploré la survenue de 6 cas d’accidents secondaires à la laparoscopie: un cas de choc vagal, 4 cas de perforation grêlique et un cas d’embolie gazeuse. Conclusion: Notre travail souligne l’importance primordiale de la laparoscopie comme un moyen incontournable pour le diagnostic de la pathologie péritonéale et en particulier de la tuberculose péritonéale qui demeure fréquente dans notre pays. En effet, malgré le développement des moyens d’imagerie la laparoscopie reste le seul moyen qui permet de poser le diagnostic de certitude de cette pathologie.
27-Hydroxycholesterol induces hematopoietic stem cell mobilization and extramedullary hematopoiesis during pregnancy
Authors: Hideyuki Oguro, Jeffrey G. McDonald, Zhiyu Zhao, Michihisa Umetani, Philip W. Shaul, Sean J. Morrison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2017)

Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is induced during pregnancy to support rapid expansion of maternal blood volume. EMH activation requires hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) proliferation and mobilization, processes that depend upon estrogen receptor α (ERα) in HSCs. Here we show that treating mice with estradiol to model estradiol increases during pregnancy induced HSC proliferation in the bone marrow but not HSC mobilization. Treatment with the alternative ERα ligand 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC) induced ERα-dependent HSC mobilization and EMH but not HSC division in the bone marrow. During pregnancy, 27HC levels increased in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells as a result of CYP27A1, a cholesterol hydroxylase. Cyp27a1-deficient mice had significantly reduced 27HC levels, HSC mobilization, and EMH during pregnancy but normal bone marrow hematopoiesis and EMH in response to bleeding or G-CSF treatment. Distinct hematopoietic stresses thus induce EMH through different mechanisms. Two different ERα ligands, estradiol and 27HC, work together to promote EMH during pregnancy, revealing a collaboration of hormonal and metabolic mechanisms as well as a physiological function for 27HC in normal mice.
弁動脈インピーダンス(Zva)による左室収縮機能保持の偽性中等度大動脈狭窄の評価
Authors: Harada Kenji, Fujisawa Kazutoshi, Harada Takafumi, Iima Tsutomu, Kawata Atsushi, Okada Ayumi, Terada Naho, Okumura Takanobu, Hirono Akira, Yamamoto Hirofumi, Fujinaga Hiroyuki
Journal: Circulation (2016)
04.19 3D synovial organoid culture reveals cellular mechanisms of tissue formation and inflammatory remodelling
Authors: Isabel Olmos Calvo, Ruth A Byrne, Thomas Karonitsch, Birgit Niederreiter, Felix Kartnig, Farideh Alasti, Johannes Holinka, Peter Ertl, Hans P Kiener
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> The synovial membrane is a distinctly organised tissue structure. During the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the synovium becomes hyperplastic and demonstrates thickening of the lining layer and cellular condensation at the sublining layer. Using a three-dimensional synovial organ culture system, we explore cellular mechanisms of synovial tissue formation and inflammatory remodelling. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) derived from patients with RA were cultured in 3D micromasses. To mimic synovial inflammation, micromasses were challenged with TNF. For histological analyses, micromasses were embedded in paraffin, sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin; Ki67 labelling was performed to identify proliferating cells. 3D confocal micrographs were analysed using Imaris Bitplane software. mRNA levels for various genes expressed in FLS were determined by qPCR. <h3>Results</h3> Synovial micromasses demonstrated thickening of the lining layer over time. When stimulated with TNF, hyperplasia of the lining layer and cellular aggregation at the sublining layer was observed. In order to identify the origin of cells contributing to the thickening of the lining layer, proliferation studies were conducted. Intriguingly, in the early phase of the culture period, the percentage of proliferating cells in the lining layer was higher when compared to the sublining layer. This proliferative activity, however, was no longer present in the late phase, after the lining layer was established. In the presence of TNF, an increased number of proliferating cells at the lining layer was maintained for an extended period of time, consistent with higher rates of cellular proliferation at the synovial lining in sections of RA synovial tissues when compared to OA. qPCR data indicate that MMP1, MMP3, and IL-6 are differentially expressed during the early phase and the mature phase of the culture period. By contrast, lubricin, cadherin-11, CCL20, and STAT1 were not differentially expressed. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The three-dimensional FLS micromass culture reveals spontaneous cellular organisation that strikingly resembles the lining/sublining architecture of the synovium. This process involves FLS proliferation as well as expression of genes that allow for tissue remodelling. In inflammatory conditions similar cellular programs are re-activated resulting in synovial lining hyperplasia and a pannus-like condensed mass of cells.
Performance diagnostique de la vidéoendoscopie grossissante couplée à l’acide acétique alcoolique dans la détection de la métaplasie intestinale et de la dysplasie sur endo brachyoesophage
Authors: S Réaud, J Boyer, A de La Roche
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Introduction: Au sein de l’endobrachyésophage (EBO), seule la métaplasie intestinale (MI) est susceptible de dégénérer en adénocarcinome (ADK) selon la séquence évolutive MI/dysplasie/ADK. La méthode de surveillance de l’EBO actuellement recommandée repose sur le principe de biopsies étagées au hasard. La chromoendoscopie grossissante pourrait améliorer le dépistage de la MI et de la dysplasie sur EBO en permettant des biopsies dirigées. L’acide acétique alcoolique possède à la fois les propriétés de colorant de contraste et par absorption (blanchissement du mucus et de l’épithélium par dénaturation protéique). Patients et Méthodes: Seize patients (âge moyen: 62 ans) avec un EBO connu ou suspecté (9 EBO longs, 7 EBO courts) étaient étudiés en chromoendoscopie grossissante (Appareil Olympus GIF Q160Z, source lumineuse EVIS EXERA CLV160, rehaussement des structures par vidéoprocesseur EVIS EXERA CV160, zoom optique × 115, acide acétique alcoolique). Après un examen standard avec biopsies des anomalies muqueuses éventuelles, l’acide acétique était instillé sans lavage muqueux préalable et suivi sans rinçage de l’examen chromoendoscopique à fort grossissement avec rehaussement des structures. Une ou plusieurs zones de l’EBO étaient choisies au hasard pour définition de leur aspect chromoendoscopique selon la classification de Guelrud [1], suivi d’une biopsie par zone à l’aide d’une pince pédiatrique pour éviter les erreurs d’échantillonnage. Résultats: Quarante deux biopsies étaient réalisées. La concordance chromoendoscopie grossissante/histologie pour le diagnostic de MI était de 0% pour le type I, de 20% pour le type II et de 87,1% (27/31) pour l’association des types III et IV. La sensibilité et la spécificité de l’association des types III et IV étaient respectivement de 96,4% et 71,4%. La performance diagnostique globale (proportion de biopsies bien classées) était de 88,1% (37/42). Quatre biopsies montraient une dysplasie de bas grade dont aucune ne présentait d’aspect chromoendoscopique évocateur. En revanche, 4 biopsies montraient une dysplasie de haut grade (DHG) dont 2 étaient suspectées sur les zones de type IV présentant 2 particularités: une perte localisée de l’aspect cérébriforme par désorganisation des plis muqueux et un aspect d’hypervascularisation de la muqueuse. Conclusion: La chromoendoscopie grossissante couplée à l’instillation d’acide acétique alcoolique permet des biopsies ciblées sur la MI au sein de l’EBO avec une concordance endoscopie/histologie de 87,1%, une sensibilité de 96,4%, une spécificité de 71,4% et une performance diagnostique globale de 88,1%. De plus, elle permet de suspecter dans certains cas la présence d’une DHG quand elle montre un aspect désorganisé et hypervascularisé de la muqueuse par rapport à l’aspect chromoendoscopique standard de la MI.
Abstract #4307: Multiple contrast agents for the optical detection of oral neoplasia
Authors: Kelsey Rosbach, Michelle Williams, Adel El-Naggar, Ann Gillenwater, Rebecca Richards-Kortum
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Background: Monitoring biomarkers of dysplasia and cancer may aid in detection of neoplasia, identification of appropriate therapeutics, and evaluation of treatment response; however, there is no current method to monitor biomarker expression at the point of care. Non-invasive, molecular-specific optical imaging and spectroscopy have the potential to rapidly assess expression of multiple biomarkers simultaneously, and may improve management of cancer. Methods: To demonstrate the potential of this approach for oral cancer detection, we have topically applied two contrast agents to freshly resected oral lesions (n=20). One contrast agent targets overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor and is composed of epidermal growth factor peptide labeled with a fluorescent dye. The other is a fluorescently labeled glucose that targets increased metabolism due to overexpression of GLUT receptors. After labeling, widefield imaging and high-resolution spectroscopy were used to quantify optical contrast. Widefield imaging increases sensitivity of detection by surveying a large region, while point probe spectroscopy increases specificity. Images were analyzed to determine a differential contrast value, calculated by the ratio of increase in mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of the neoplastic region to the increase in MFI of a normal region. A false color map of differential contrast was created and overlaid onto the white light image of the tissue in order to determine if contrast agent margins correspond to clinical margins. This contrast map was also compared to a pathology map of the tissue. The peak intensity increase of spectra obtained at neoplastic sites, margins, and normal sites were pooled by histological diagnosis and compared using ANOVA. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used as the gold standard to confirm biomarker expression. Results: The fluorescent epidermal growth factor yielded an average differential contrast of 2.3 for specimens with moderate or severe dysplasia, and 3.8 for specimens with cancer. The map of differential contrast agrees well with clinical margins and the pathology map. Fluorescence intensity as measured by spectroscopy is highest within the neoplastic region and lowest outside this region, with intermediate values at the margin. The fluorescent glucose yielded an average differential contrast of 4.4 for neoplastic tissue. IHC confirms expression level of EGFR and GLUTs. Conclusions: We have demonstrated non-invasive topical delivery of contrast agents that may help identify oral cancer and dysplasia. Contrast agents can be multiplexed to label many biomarkers associated with oncogenesis. Detection combining widefield imaging and high-resolution spectroscopy permits real time assessment of biomarkers at the point of care.   Citation Information:  In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 4307.
Gastrostomie percutanée endoscopique par voie nasale
Authors: J Dumortier, MG Lapalus, JP Lagarrigue, A Pereira, A Chavaillon, T Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Introduction: Par l’utilisation d’endoscopes de petit diamètre, la gastroscopie peut être réalisée par voie nasale en routine chez l’adulte et s’accompagne d’une meilleure tolérance. Le but de cette étude était d’évaluer la faisabilité de la mise en place d’une gastrostomie percutanée endoscopique par voie nasale, sans sédation ni anesthésie générale. Patients et Méthodes: Entre janvier 2001 et juillet 2003, la mise en place d’une gastrostomie percutanée endoscopique par voie nasale a été proposée à tous les malades adressés dans le service d’Endoscopie Digestive de l’Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon. Ont été exclus les malades sous ventilation mécanique. L’endoscope utilisé était un fibroscope pédiatrique Olympus N-30 de 5,3 mm de diamètre, ou un vidéo-endoscope Olympus XP-160 de 5,9 mm de diamètre. Ont été notés l’indication de la gastrostomie, la réussite ou non de la procédure, la cause de l’échec éventuel, les effets secondaires de la procédure et la durée de la procédure. Dans le mois qui suivait la mise en place de la gastrostomie, tous les malades étaient contactés pour vérifier que le bon fonctionnement de la gastrostomie et dépister la survenue de complications tardives. Résultats: Durant la période d’étude, 31-malades ont été inclus. L’indication de gastrostomie était un accident vasculaire récent (n = 15), une maladie neurologique dégénérative (n = 7) ou un cancer de la sphère ORL, avec ou sans trismus associé (n = 9). La mise en place de la gastrostomie a été possible chez 28 des 31-malades (90%). La cause de l’échec était dans les 3 cas l’absence de transillumination en cours de procédure. La procédure durait en moyenne 18 minutes (10–28). Les complications observées étaient un épistaxis (n = 1), une infection de paroi (n = 1) et une fuite mineure autour de la sonde (n = 1). Parmi les 28-malades chez qui la gastrostomie avaient été mise en place, 27 étaient vivants à 1 mois avec une sonde d’alimentation fonctionnelle. Conclusion: Nos résultats démontrent que la mise en place par voie nasale d’une gastrostomie percutanée endoscopique [1] est possible et est une technique peu invasive, ne nécessitant pas de recourir à une anesthésie générale ou une sédation et [2] est accompagnée de peu d’effets secondaires.
Abstract 18870: Hyperglycaemia as a Predictor of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Treated With Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Stefano Cornara, Alberto Somaschini, Rita Camporotondo, Massimiliano Gnecchi, Gabriele Crimi, Andrea Baldo, Barbara Marinoni, Luigi Oltrona Visconti, Stefano De Servi, Gaetano M De Ferrari
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Among patients with ST elevation myocardial (STEMI) the presence of hyperglycaemia is associated with a higher incidence of complications, including contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) and a higher mortality. However, limited data are present regarding the role of hyperglycaemia in predicting CI-AKI.   Hypothesis:  This study investigated the association between hyperglycaemia both at hospital admission and the subsequent morning day after (AdmHyperg and FastHyperg) and the development of CI-AKI regardless of the presence of diabetes, in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI.   Methods:  We prospectively enrolled all consecutive STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) in our Department in 2005-2014 (n = 2001). AdmHyperg and FastHyperg were defined, accordingly to literature, as plasma glucose values >198 mg/dL (or >11 mmol/L). CI-AKI was defined as an increase in creatinine values >0.5 mg/dl in the first 72 hours. Logistic regression models were performed to evaluate AdmHyperg and FastHyperg and the other potential predictors of CI-AKI.   Results:  AdmHyperg and FastHyperg were present in 16.1% and 6.9% of the patients, respectively. CI-AKI occurred in 9.1% and 4.3% of patients with or without AdmHyperg, and 17% and 4% of patients with or without FastHyperg (all p   Conclusions:  Both admission hyperglycaemia and fasting hyperglycaemia were independent predictors of contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI. The data suggest that the presence of long-lasting hyperglycaemia during hospitalization, more than a history of diabetes contributes to acute kidney injury.
03.07 Serum and synovial concentration of il-17a in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Russka Shumnalieva, Tsvetelina Velikova, Darina Kachakova, Simeon Monov, Kalina Tumangelova-Yuzeir, Dobroslav Kyurkchiev, Rasho Rashkov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease with autoimmune character in which Th1 and T17 cells are thought to play an important pathogenic role. Th17 cells selectively produce the signature cytokines such as IL-17, IL-21 and IL-22, involved in the chronic inflammatory response and subsequent tissue damage in the affected joints in RA. <h3>Objective</h3> The aim of our study was to compare the systemic and local concentrations of IL-17A in RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients and to establish a possible systemic and local biomarker for RA disease activity and severity. <h3>Material and methods</h3> Concentrations of IL-17A were compared between matched serum and synovial fluid (SF) samples from 20 RA and 15 OA patients by using Human IL-17A ELISA kit. 16 healthy donors were used as controls. <h3>Results</h3> Levels of IL-17A were higher in RA SF compared to serum (8.645 pg/ml versus 0.315 pg/ml, p=0.012). Serum levels of IL-17A were higher in RA patients with mild compared to patients with moderate (p=0.028) and severe disease activity (p=0.069) determined by the disease activity index (DAS) 28. Regarding the simplified disease activity index (SDAI) we obtained similar results - higher serum IL-17A levels were detected in patients with mild compared to moderate (p=0.008) and to severe disease activity (p=0.037). Serum levels of IL-17A correlated negatively with the presence of anaemia (r=−0.532, p=0.016) and SF levels of IL-17A correlated with the number of swelling joints (r=0.549, p=0.012). The ROC curve analysis for IL-17A in SF showed area under the curve (AUC)=0.885 (95% CI: 0.775÷0.995), p=0.000. There was no significant difference in the serum IL-17A concentration between patients with RA and OA and compared to healthy controls (p&gt;0.05). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The difference between the systemic and local concentration of IL-17A shows that the local inflammatory milieu stimulates the production of IL-17A and the latter may play an important role in the disease activity and progression. Serum concentrations of IL-17A could be used as possible systemic biomarker for disease activity even in patients with mild disease activity scores or subclinical synovitis. However larger sets are needed to confirm the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of IL-17A in RA. <h3>Acknowledgement</h3> The study was supported by Grant 61/2015 from Medical University-Sofia, Bulgaria.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A NATIONAL BODY CHECKING POLICY CHANGE ON REDUCING INJURY RISK IN YOUTH ICE HOCKEY
Authors: Amanda M. Black, Brent E. Hagel, Luz Palacios-Derflingher, Kathryn J. Schneider, Carolyn A. Emery
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background In 2013, Hockey Canada introduced an evidence-informed policy change delaying the earliest age of introduction to body checking in hockey until Bantam (ages 13–14) nationwide. Objective To determine if the risk of injury, including concussions, differs for Pee Wee (11–12 years) ice hockey players in the hockey season following a national policy change disallowing body checking (2013–2014) compared with a season (2011–2012) when body checking was allowed. Design Historical cohort study. Setting Ice hockey rinks (Alberta, Canada). Participants Pee Wee players (all divisions of play) in 2011/12 Alberta prior to the rule change (59 teams, n=883) and 2013/14 following the rule change (73 teams, n=617). Assessment of Risk Factors Exposure to a Pee Wee league where policy change disallowed body checking. Main Outcome Measurements Injuries were identified by a safety designate or team therapist if players: 1) required medical attention, 2) were unable to complete the session and/or 3) were unable to participate in sporting activity for one day. Any player with a suspected concussion was referred to a study sport medicine physician. Results There were 163 game-related injuries [incidence rate (IR)=4.37/1000 game-hours], and 104 concussions (IR=2.79/1000 game-hours) prior to the rule change and 48 injuries (IR=2.16/1000 game-hours) and 24 concussions (IR=1.08/1000 game-hours) after the rule change. Based on a multivariable Poisson regression model adjusting for player size, age, body checking attitudes, previous injury, level of play, and position, accounting for clustering by team, the rate of injury and concussions significantly declined following policy change [IRR=0.50 (95% CI; 0.33 to 0.75)] and [IRR=0.34 (95% CI; 0.21 to 0.56), respectively]. Conclusions Introduction of the 2013 national body checking policy change disallowing body checking in Pee Wee had a significant public health impact resulting in a 50% reduction in injury risk and a 66% reduction in concussion risk in Alberta, Canada.
深部脳刺激による同期神経回路追跡のための高分解能MEMRIを可能にするマンガンイオンの電気的に制御されたその場デリバリーによる導電性ナノゲルインタフェイス神経微小電極アレイ【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Huang Wei-Chen, Lo Yu-Chih, Chu Chao-Yi, Lai Hsin-Yi, Chen You-Yin, Chen San-Yuan
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
Ineffective Policies to Address the Opioid Epidemic
Authors: William B. Weeks, Christine M. Goertz
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2017)

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