tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hospice care, cancer-directed therapy, and Medicare expenditures among older patients dying with malignant brain tumors
Authors: Laura L Dover, Caleb R Dulaney, Courtney P Williams, John B Fiveash, Bradford E Jackson, Paula P Warren, Elizabeth A Kvale, D Hunter Boggs, Gabrielle B Rocque
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

End-of-life care for older adults with malignant brain tumors is poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to quantify end-of-life utilization of hospice care, cancer-directed therapy, and associated Medicare expenditures among older adults with malignant brain tumors.This retrospective cohort study included deceased Medicare beneficiaries age ≥65 with primary malignant brain tumor (PMBT) or secondary MBT (SMBT) receiving care within a southeastern cancer community network including academic and community hospitals from 2012-2015. Utilization of hospice and cancer-directed therapy and total Medicare expenditures in the last 30 days of life were calculated using generalized linear and mixed effect models, respectively.Late (1-3 days prior to death) or no hospice care was received by 24% of PMBT (n = 383) and 32% of SMBT (n = 940) patients. SMBT patients received late hospice care more frequently than PMBT patients (10% vs 5%, P = 0.002). Cancer-directed therapy was administered to 18% of patients with PMBT versus 25% with SMBT (P = 0.003). Nonwhite race, male sex, and receipt of any hospital-based care in the final 30 days of life were associated with increased risk of late or no hospice care. The average decrease in Medicare expenditures associated with hospice utilization for patients with PMBT was $-12,138 (95% CI: $-18,065 to $-6210) and with SMBT was $-1,508 (95% CI: $-3,613 to $598).Receiving late or no hospice care was common among older patients with malignant brain tumors and was significantly associated with increased total Medicare expenditures for patients with PMBT.
Abstract 19713: Renal Mechanisms of Hypertension Induced by SNX5 Gene Silencing
Authors: Xiaoyan Wang, Laureano Asico, Hai Lin, Pedro A Jose, Van Anthony M Villar
Journal: Circulation (2016)

We have reported that sorting nexin 5 (SNX5) plays an important role in the positive regulation of the renal dopamine receptor subtype 1 (D1R); siRNA-gene silencing of renal SNX5 increased the bloo...
Perceptions of prognosis and treatment risk in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
Authors: Showly Nicholson, Gregory A. Abel, Amir Tahmasb Fathi, David P. Steensma, Thomas William LeBlanc, Daniel J. DeAngelo, Martha Wadleigh, Gabriela Hobbs, Julia Foster, Andrew Mark Brunner, Philip C. Amrein, Richard M. Stone, Jennifer S. Temel, Areej El-Jawahri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

43 Background: Older patients ( &gt; 60 years) with AML face difficult treatment decisions as they can be treated either with risky multi-drug intensive chemotherapy for a small chance of a cure, or non-intensive and non-curative palliative chemotherapy. However, studies have not described patients understanding of their prognosis and treatment risk. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study of older patients newly diagnosed with AML at two tertiary care hospitals. At enrollment, we assessed patients and oncologists perception of treatment-related mortality. At one month, we assessed patients and oncologists perception of prognosis using the Prognosis and Treatment Perception Questionnaire. Results: We enrolled consecutive patients within 72 hours of initiating intensive (n = 50) or non-intensive (n = 50) chemotherapy. The majority of patients reported that it is somewhat (58/92, 63.0%) or extremely (26/92, 28.3%) likely to die due to treatment while their oncologists reported that it is very unlikely (80.0%; 74/92) for the patient to die due to their treatment (P &lt; 0.001). Most patients (90.0%, 73/81) reported that they were somewhat or very likely to be cured of their leukemia while most oncologists reported that it is unlikely or very unlikely for the patient to be cured (74% (60/81)) (P &lt; 0.001). Patients receiving both intensive and non-intensive chemotherapy had significant misperceptions about their prognosis (Table 1). Conclusions: Older patients with AML have substantial misperceptions regarding the risks of their treatment and they overestimate the likelihood of cure, compared to their oncologists estimates. Prognostic misperceptions are especially striking in patients receiving non-intensive chemotherapy. Interventions to facilitate communication are needed to ensure patients with AML have an accurate understanding of their treatment risks and prognosis and are therefore enabled to make informed decisions about treatment. [Table: see text]
Epigenetic-based hormesis and age-dependent altruism: Additions to the behavioural constellation of deprivation
Authors: William Michael Brown, Rose Jyoti Olding
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Abstract We support Pepper and Nettle's (P&amp;N's) hypothesised adaptive responses to deprivation. However, we argue that adaptive responses to stress shift with age. Specifically, present-oriented behaviours are adaptive for young people (e.g., in terms of mating and reproduction) but costly for older people in deprived communities who would benefit from investing in grandchildren. Epigenetic mechanisms may be responsible for age-related tactical shifts.
Validation study of the Vitiligo Extent Score-plus
Authors: Nanja van Geel, Albert Wolkerstorfer, Janny E. Lommerts, Khaled Ezzedine, Viktoria Eleftheriadou, Iltefat Hamzavi, John Harris, Mauro Picardo, Alain Taieb, Cecilia A.C. Prinsen, Marcel Bekkenk, Reinhart Speeckaert
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2017)
An Unconscious Patient with a DNR Tattoo
Authors: Gregory E Holt, Bianca Sarmento, Daniel Kett, Kenneth W Goodman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Paramedics brought to the emergency department an unconscious 70-year-old man with “Do Not Resuscitate” tattooed on his chest. The ICU team decided to honor the preference expressed in the tattoo. Subsequently, a copy of his written DNR request was obtained.
Stroke Death Rate Plateaus
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chasing Seasonal Influenza — The Need for a Universal Influenza Vaccine
Authors: Catharine I. Paules, Sheena G. Sullivan, Kanta Subbarao, Anthony S. Fauci
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Chasing Seasonal Influenza As we prepare for a potentially severe influenza season, we must consider whether our current vaccines can be improved and whether longer-term, transformative vaccine approaches are needed to minimize influenza-related morbidity and mortality.
Health behaviour, extrinsic risks, and the exceptions to the rule
Authors: Caroline Uggla
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Abstract Pepper &amp; Nettle make a compelling case for how evolutionary thinking can help explain behaviours that cluster with deprivation. The role of extrinsic mortality risk in driving behaviour is probably important, but strong evidence is still lacking. By thinking carefully about behaviours seemingly at odds with an evolutionary life history perspective, we can gain important insights that will help refine theory.
P2.03b-005 Correlation between Primary Tumor Location and Brain Metastasis Development or Peritumoral Brain Edema in Lung Cancer
Authors: Katalin Fabian, Márton Gyulai, József Furák, Péter Várallyay, Márta Jäckel, Krisztina Bogos, Balazs Dome, Judit Pápay, József Tímár, Zoltan Szallasi, Judit Moldvay
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
The reasons and timing of the oral transmucosal fentanyl administration in Japan
Authors: S. Kajiura, T. Kashii, A. Takagi, S. Chikaoka, N. Hayashi, T. Matsushita, S. Fukai, A. Kadota, K. Nakajima, H. Horikawa, Y. Takemura, T. Shima, A. Furuichi, H. Yoshita, T. Ando, T. Miwa, N. Murakami, R. Hayashi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Rhinitis and its impact on quality of life in swimmers
Authors: P. Surda, M. Putala, P. Siarnik, A. Walker, A. Bernic, W. Fokkens
Journal: Allergy (2017)

Abstract Introduction Limited data suggest that swimmers might be affected by rhinitis significantly more often than the general population. This can have impact on quality of life but also on performance. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and impact of QOL of rhinitis in swimming compared to nonswimming athletes and controls. Materials and methods This was an observational case‐control, questionnaire‐based study involving elite (n = 101) and nonelite swimming athletes (n = 107), nonswimming athletes (n = 38) and sex‐ and age‐matched controls (n = 50). The survey instrument consisted of a general and the mini RQLQ . Main question used to assess the prevalence of rhinitis was from the ISAAC study. Results Rhinitis was reported significantly more often by the elite swimmers (45%) than nonelite swimmers (31%), nonswimming athletes (32%) and controls (24%). Allergic rhinitis prevalence was similar in all groups (12%‐18%). The prevalence of nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) was significantly higher in elite swimmers (33%) and nonelite swimmers (22%) compared to nonswimming athletes and controls. Overall mean mini RQLQ score and all subdomains except the “eye” domain showed significantly reduced QOL in elite and nonelite swimmers compared to nonswimming athletes and controls. Regular nasal medication was used significantly less by elite swimmers (18%) compared to controls (67%) and nonswimming athletes (42%). Conclusion This study revealed a high prevalence of NAR in swimmers and related impact on QoL. These findings highlight the importance to increase the awareness towards upper airway disorders in the swimming athletes and to ensure adequate management.
Identification of lipid peroxidation products as physiological substrates of aldo-keto
Authors: Linlin Zhong, Ruilan Yan, Xiubin Fang, Deliang Cao
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

4342   Aldo-keto reductase 1 B10 (AKR1B10, also designated aldose reductase-like-1, ARL-1), overexpressed in human liver, lung, and breast cancers, possesses active-site properties of a carbohydrate binding protein. Recent studies demonstrate that AKR1B10 facilitates cancer cell proliferation and clonogenic growth. The current study determines the substrate specificity of AKR1B10 and validates lipid peroxidation products as its efficient physiological substrates. In this observation, recombinant AKR1B10 protein was prepared using a prokaryotic protein expression system and used for enzymatic activity assays. Kinetic constants (K m  and V max ) were determined using colorimetric methods with substrates at a range of 1-20,000 µM. Results show 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), crotonaldehyde, acrolein, trans-2-hydroxenal, and 2,4-hexadienal are all ideal substrates of AKR1B10, with K m  at 24.0 to 110.0 µM and V max  at 1,559.0 to 5,837.0 nmol/mg protein/min. To estimate physiological significance, the lowest active concentrations of these substrates were defined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the enzymatic products; and results showed that efficient reductions occurred at 900 nM for crotonaldehyde, 800 nM for acrolein, 200 nM for HNE, 200 nM for trans-2-hydroxenal, and 100 nM for 2,4-hexadienal, all of which are at or close to the pathophysiological concentrations to which humans expose. These data suggest that AKR1B10 is a critical enzyme that eliminates highly toxic reactive carbonyls produced during cell metabolism, being a potential target for cancer management.
Comprehensive Genomic Profiling (CGP) of 114,200 advanced cancers identifies recurrent Kinase Domain Duplications (KDD) and novel oncogenic fusions in diverse tumor types
Authors: S. Ikeda, L. Gay, D. Pavlick, J. Chung, S. Ramkissoon, S. Daniel, J. Elvin, E. Severson, T. Bivona, K. Reckamp, S. Klempner, S.-H.I. Ou, A. Schrock, V. Miller, P. Stephens, J. Ross, S. Ganesan, C. Lovly, A. Mansfield, S. Ali
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Artistic misunderstandings: The emotional significance of historical learning in the arts
Authors: Nicolas J Bullot, Rolf Reber
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

The Distancing-Embracing model does not have the conceptual resources to explain artistic misunderstandings and the emotional consequences of historical learning in the arts. Specifically, it suggests implausible predictions about emotional distancing caused by art schemata (e.g., misunderstandings of artistic intentions and contexts). These problems show the need for further inquiries into how historical contextualization modulates negative emotions in the arts.
Treatment of CD30-Negative Refractory Mycosis Fungoides With Brentuximab Vedotin
Authors: Connie Zhang, Manasmon Chairatchaneeboon, Paul Haun, Daniel Landsburg, Ellen J. Kim
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Abstract 10808: Clusterin Up-regulation and Akt Pathway Activation Are Key to GATA-4 Mediated Cytoprotection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Against Ischemia Injury
Authors: Bin Yu, Yueting Yang, Yi-gang Wang, Ronald Millard, Muhammad Ashraf, Meifeng Xu
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Clusterin (Clu) is a stress-responding protein with multiple biological functions, including the inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation. Our preliminary microarray studies show that clusterin was prominently upregulated in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) overexpressing GATA-4 (MSC GATA-4 ). Here, we directly investigate whether the upregulation of clusterin is involved in GATA-4 mediated cytoprotection. Methods: MSCs harvested from bone marrow of SD rats were transduced with GATA-4. The expression of clusterin in MSCs was documented by real-time PCR and western blotting. Simulation of ischemia was achieved by MSCs exposure to a hypoxic environment. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released from MSCs was served as a biomarker of cell injury and MTT uptake was used to estimate cell viability. Mitochondrial function was assessed using mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and caspase 3/7 activity. Results: (1) Clusterin expression was up-regulated in MSC GATA-4 compared to control MSCs which transfected with empty-vector (MSC Null ) ( Fig. A1 - A2 ). MSC GATA-4 were tolerant to 72 h hypoxia exposure; expressed as less LDH release and higher MTT uptake ( Fig. A3 ). This protection was abrogated by transfecting with Clu-siRNA ( Fig. A4 - A5 ). (2) Exogenous clusterin significantly decreased LDH release and increased MSC survival in hypoxic environment. Moreover, ΔΨm was maintained and caspase 3/7 activity was reduced by exogenous clusterin in a concentration-dependent manner (Fig. B ). (3) p-Akt expression in MSCs was upregulated following pre-treated with clusterin, although there was no significant change in total Akt ( Fig. C1 - C2 ). Moreover, cytoprotection mediated by clusterin (2μM/ml) was partially abrogated by Akt inhibitor LY294002 (5μMml) ( Fig. C3 ). Conclusions: Up-regulation of clusterin and activation of Akt signaling pathway is involved in GATA-4 mediated cytoprotection consequent to hypoxia stress.
French surgeon is struck off after “actively disengaging from the regulatory process”
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

A French orthopaedic surgeon, whose registration with the General Medical Council was suspended for practising in the UK without a licence, has been struck off after he stopped responding to regulatory authorities.

Xavier Ohl, who qualified at the University of Reims in 2008, was described by a senior doctor as “one of the brightest young orthopaedic surgeons of his generation” and invited to the UK to do clinical and research work. He was given full registration and put on the specialist register, but had …
An HIF-1α/VEGF-A Axis in Cytotoxic T Cells Regulates Tumor Progression
Authors: Asis Palazon, Petros A. Tyrakis, David Macias, Pedro Veliça, Helene Rundqvist, Susan Fitzpatrick, Nikola Vojnovic, Anthony T. Phan, Niklas Loman, Ingrid Hedenfalk, Thomas Hatschek, John Lövrot, Theodoros Foukakis, Ananda W. Goldrath, Jonas Bergh, Randall S. Johnson
Journal: Cancer Cell (2017)

Cytotoxic T cells infiltrating tumors are thought to utilize HIF transcription factors during adaptation to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Deletion analyses of the two key HIF isoforms found that HIF-1α, but not HIF-2α, was essential for the effector state in CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, loss of HIF-1α in CD8+ T cells reduced tumor infiltration and tumor cell killing, and altered tumor vascularization. Deletion of VEGF-A, an HIF target gene, in CD8+ T cells accelerated tumorigenesis while also altering vascularization. Analyses of human breast cancer showed inverse correlations between VEGF-A expression and CD8+ T cell infiltration, and a link between T cell infiltration and vascularization. These data demonstrate that the HIF-1α/VEGF-A axis is an essential aspect of tumor immunity.
Art reception as an <i>interoceptive</i> embodied predictive experience
Authors: Ruben T. Azevedo, Manos Tsakiris
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Abstract In the Distancing-Embracing model, an explanation is proposed for the apparent paradox that is the enjoyment of negative emotional states in art reception. Here, we argue for the advantages of grounding the psychological dynamics described in the model in established and empirically testable frameworks of brain functioning by thinking of art reception as an embodied experience guided by predictive coding.
Anti-PD-1 Vasculitis of the central nervous system or radionecrosis?
Authors: Roger Sun, Francois-Xavier Danlos, Samy Ammari, Guillaume Louvel, Frédéric Dhermain, Stéphane Champiat, Olivier Lambotte, Eric Deutsch
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2017)

Commentary on « Cerebral vasculitis mimicking intracranial metastatic progression of lung cancer during PD-1 blockade » by Läubli H et al., J Immunother Cancer. 2017;5:46.The authors diagnosed a cerebral tumor-like lymphocytic vasculitis associated with anti-endothelial cell auto-antibodies secondary to anti-PD-1 therapy, treated by surgical resection and corticosteroids. We thought that this diagnosis should be discussed for at least two reasons. First, etiological explorations were not sufficient. Second, the diagnostic of radionecrosis should also be discussed.
Margaret McCartney: Let’s have a report on what resources the NHS needs
Authors: Margaret McCartney
Journal: BMJ (2017)

The Care Quality Commission’s chief inspector of hospitals, Edward Baker, has told the Daily Telegraph , “We need a model of care that is fit for the 21st century and the population as it is now.”1

Baker has written to English hospital chief executives,2 who are doubtless feeling the shivers of winter. He explains the rules to them: people who arrive in ambulances should be timed from when they arrive in the car park, not the emergency department; “corridor care” should not be normal care; and staff should be led effectively and consistently.

“For many trusts,” he writes, “their greatest risks to patient safety are likely to be in their emergency departments.” In due …
Integration of supportive care in immuno-oncology trials: Investigating the incidence and severity of immune-related toxicities among older adults versus mid-age patients on immunotherapy-based phase I clinical trials.
Authors: Ishwaria Mohan Subbiah, Kenneth R. Hess, Takeo Fujii, Anna Lui, Vivek Subbiah, Aung Naing, David S. Hong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

152 Background: Older adults (65y+) with cancer are underrepresented in trials of novel drugs notably in phase I clinical trials with immunotherapies. The trepidation over immune-related toxicities in the context of older age and associated comorbidities may function as a barrier to participation. To that end, we investigated the enrollment and incidence of immune related adverse events of older adults enrolled in phase 1 immunotherapy trials. Methods: We identified 422 consecutive pts w advanced cancer treated on immunotherapy-based phase I trials bw 04/2009-09/2015, and collected pt/disease characteristics and immune-related adverse events (irAE) such as endocrinopathies, diarrhea/colitis, pneumonitis, constitutional (fatigue, fever, anorexia), myalgia, and dermatitis. Results: Older adults comprised 27% of trial participants (116 of 422 pts, median age 70y) while 256 pts were mid age (61%, median 56y). Most common cancers were GI (n = 108, 26%), thoracic/head/neck (n = 84, 20%), GU (n = 54, 13%), and GYN (n = 47, 11%). Median PFS was comparable among older pts (2.4m) and mid age (2.1m). Older adults had a higher incidence of irAE than mid age (low grade [G1/2] 49% vs 34%, p 0.02; high grade [G3/4] 19% vs 11%. p 0.14). The odds ratio of high grade events among older adults vs mid age pts was 1.81 (95% CI 1.01, 3.24; p 0.05) and low grade events was 1.85 (95% CI 1.20, 2.85; p 0.0055). Most common G1/2 irAE among all patients was fatigue (n = 76, 18%), dermatitis (n = 59, 14%), fever (n = 29, 7%) and anorexia (n = 28, 7%) with older adults having a greater incidence of low grade fatigue (25% vs 15%, OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.09, 3.10, p 0.025). Conclusions: Older adult participation remained under 30% for immunotherapy-based phase I trials. This early analysis suggests a higher incidence of toxicities among older adults, which calls for the urgent integration of comprehensive supportive care strategy to guide seniors through therapy. This work lays the foundation for future studies investigating the early involvement of supportive care through treatment on early phase clinical trials with immunotherapeutic agents.