tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SP0034 Adipose tissue inflammation: once fat was fat and that was that
Authors: H. Schipper
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3></h3> Until only 100.000 years ago, humans hunted smaller creatures and gathered what they could, meanwhile being hunted by larger predators. <i>Homo sapiens</i> showed a spectacular leap to the top of the food chain ever since. While mankind however advanced from a cavemen diet to fast food, our adipose tissue did not adapt so quickly. Here, the evolutionary origins of adipose tissue and its implications for systemic inflammatory conditions will be discussed. A few decades ago, adipose tissue was considered a lipid sink, evolved to store energy in times of nutritional excess and release energy in times of shortage. Indeed, multicellular organisms depend on their ability to store energy to prevent starvation. Equally important though, they rely on their ability to fight infections. Several lines of evidence illustrate that adipose tissue in fact embodies the amalgamation of highly conserved metabolic and immune pathways. Whereas the fat body in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> comprises adipose tissue, liver and immunological moieties in one functional unit, adipocytes in humans and other higher organisms are reminiscent of their evolutionary origins by toll-like receptor expression, cytokine production and antigen-presenting capacities. From an evolutionary perspective, adipose tissue is fully equipped to respond to inflammatory stimuli, in order to fulfil the high energy demands of an acute immune response. In modern times however, the immunological capacities of adipose tissue are more of a burden. Both in nutritional overload and systemic inflammatory conditions, the inflammatory impetus of adipose tissue can have devastating consequences. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
AB0685 The incidence of giant cell arteritis in slovenia – prospective study
Authors: N. Potočnik Pucelj, A. Hocevar, R. Ješe, Ž. Rotar, J. Pižem, M. Hawlina, A. Fakin, M. Tomšič
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Giant cell arteritis (GCA) represents the most common vasculitis in adults over age of 50 years in Europe. Recently the diagnostic options greatly improved with the implementation of imaging techniques such as colour Doppler ultrasonography (CDS) and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT). <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of our single centre prospective study was to determine the incidence of GCA in well-defined Slovenian region, based on the temporal artery (TA) biopsy (TAB) and/or the result of CDS and/or PET/CT. <h3>Methods</h3> The study was conducted at University medical centre Ljubljana (UMC Ljubljana), that represents the only secondary/tertiary centre in a region, serving a population of 3 23 297 residents aged 50 years or more (1 76 104 females and 1 47 193 males). Patients with suspected GCA are referred either to the Department of Rheumatology, or in case of severe visual disturbances, to the Department of Ophthalmology. In the analysis we included all GCA cases diagnosed between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2017. The diagnosis of cranial GCA (c-GCA) was established with the help of American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1990 classification criteria, positive TAB and/or TA CDS. Cases of extracranial large vessel vasculitis (lv-GCA) were diagnosed using CDS of branches of the aortic arch and/or PET-CT. <h3>Results</h3> During the six-year observation we identified 169 new GCA cases (66.3% females), with a median (IQR) age of 75.1 (68.6–80.0) years. Forty-two (24.8%) patients had lv-GCA, and the others had c-GCA. One-hundred and thirty-nine patients (24 lv-GCA and 115 c-GCA) fulfilled ACR 1990 classification criteria. The others patients had positive arterial CDS or PET-CT (18 CDS, 9 CDS and PET-CT, 3 PET-CT). TAB was performed in 119 patients and was positive in 88.2%. Clinical characteristics of our GCA cases are presented in table 1. The estimated annual incidence rate of GCA was 8.7 per 1 00 000 adults aged ≥50 years (95% CI 7.5–10.1), in c-GCA 6.5 per 100.000 adults aged ≥50 years (95% CI 5.5–7.8) and in lv-GCA 2.2 per 100.000 aged ≥50 years (95% CI 1.6–2.9). <h3>Conclusions</h3> GCA is the most common vasculitis in adults aged 50 years or above, with an annual incidence rate of 8.7 per 100.000. c-GCA is nearly 3 times more common than lv-GCA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
New Foundation Revives Debate About Health Research Funded by Big Tobacco
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Insights From A Multi-Centre Real Life Experience In Germany With Nintedanib For The Treatment Of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: F. Bonella, M. Kreuter, L. Hagmeyer, C. Neurohr, C. Keller, M. Kohlhaeufl, J. Mueller-Quernheim, K. Milger, A. Prasse
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)
Influence of the dissociation rate constant on the intra-tumor distribution of antibody-drug conjugate against tissue factor
Authors: Ryo Tsumura, Shino Manabe, Hiroki Takashima, Yoshikatsu Koga, Masahiro Yasunaga, Yasuhiro Matsumura
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2018)

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are currently considered to be promising agents for cancer therapy. However, especially in solid tumors, the uneven distribution of ADCs would decrease their efficacy in clinical studies. We suggest that in addition to optimizing ADC components, such as the linker structure and anticancer agent, it is necessary to consider the distribution of the ADC within tumor tissue. In this study, we established three kinds of anti–tissue factor (TF) ADCs: 1849ADC with a low kd, 444ADC with an intermediate kd, and 1084ADC with a high kd. All three of the anti-TF ADCs exhibited almost the same in vitro cytotoxicity and pharmacological and biochemical characteristics, although the binding kinetics parameters differed. In vivo, all ADCs exerted equivalent antitumor effects against small BxPC3 tumors. However, on larger BxPC3 tumors, 1084ADC (higher kd) exerted higher antitumor activity than 1849ADC (lower kd). Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining indicated that 1084ADC was distributed throughout the whole tumor, whereas 1849ADC was mainly localized close to tumor vessels. We conclude that the ADC with a higher kd increased the antitumor effect of because it penetrated and distributed evenly throughout the entire solid tumor. These findings highlight the importance of the kd of a mAb in ADC design.
THU0307 Qt interval and its correlations with traditional risk factors of development of cardiovascular diseases in patients with active early psoriatic arthritis
Authors: E. Markelova, D. Novikova, T. Korotaeva, I. Kirillova, E. Loginova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients (pts) with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). An abnormally prolonged and shorted QT interval are associate with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. <h3>Objectives</h3> to evaluate QT interval during Holter monitoring and cardiovascular (CV) risk assessment using SCORE (Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation) in early PsA (EPsA) pts. <h3>Methods</h3> We included data of 48 (F.-23) DMARD-naive EPsA pts (according to the CASPAR criteria) with no history of CVD: mean age - 36[<sup><sup>28; 47</sup></sup> years, EPsA duration – 6,9[<sup><sup>4; 12</sup></sup> months, DAS – 3.97 [3.27; 4.1], C-reactive protein – 19.4 [8.8; 37.6]mg/l. Controls subjects were matched by age, sex (n=48). All pts were assessed for traditional risk factors of CVD, ESC guidelines, 2016 24 hour (24 hour) ECG monitoring were analysed for QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc). Prolonged QTc was defined as ≥460 ms in women and ≥450 ms in men, short QTc –&lt;330 ms. Ten-year risk of CV death was estimated using SCORE algorithms, ESC guidelines, 2016 categorised as low (&lt;1%), intermediate (1% to &lt;5%), high (≥5% to&lt;10%) or very high (≥10%). Intima-media thickness of the carotid artery (c-IMT) was measured using a high-resolution B-mode ultrasound machine. <h3>Results</h3> QTc interval during the 24 hours was significantly prolonged in EPsA pts when compared to the control group (table 1). We didn't find short or prolong QTc interval in EPsA pts and control group. <h3>Conclusions</h3> QT interval was significantly prolonged in EPsA pts when compared to the control group. The age of pts was associated with increase of the QTc interval. 29.2% of patients were classified as being at high risk risk 10 year risk of CV death using the SCORE algorithm. The increase level of SCORE associated with a subclinical atherosclerosis. Combination of prolonged QT interval and carotid atherosclerosis confirms presence of high cardiovascular risk in EPsA pts. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
AB1474-HPR Are clinical pathways useful in clinical practice?
Authors: D Palma-Sanchez, A.D.C. Haro-Martinez, M.J. Moreno-Martinez, E. Peñas-Martinez
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> The aim of clinical pathways is to improve the care of patients with chronic diseases, ensuring continuity of care through a better coordination and communication between Primary and Hospital Care. Even though clinical pathways have proved to be effective, their publication and dissemination does not necessarily lead to the systematic use of them in clinical practice. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the fulfilment of clinical pathways in area III of Murcian Health Care System. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective and descriptive study in which the fulfilment of clinical pathways in musculoskeletal pathology was analysed in the Rheumatology Unit the first four months of 2017. The variables collected were: reason for consultation, waiting time for an appointment and fulfilment of clinical pathways in the following clinical processes: back pain, shoulder pain, knee pain and fibromyalgia. In the descriptive statistical analysis of quantitative variables, the mean and standard deviation were used. Frequencies were used to analyse qualitative variables <h3>Results</h3> 1234 referral letters were received in Rheumatology during de first four months of 2017, 85.1% were mechanical pathology, 8.2% inflammatory pathology and 4.1% bone metabolism pathology. 628 were susceptible to follow the clinical pathways implemented in musculoskeletal pathology: 462 (73.56%) were back pain, 87 (13.85%) knee pain, 73 (11.62%) shoulder pain, and 6 (0.95%) fibromyalgia. The clinical pathways were fulfilled in 252 (40.12%) of the cases. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The fulfilment of clinical pathways in musculoskeletal pathology in our health care area was carried out in less than half of the cases. Therefore, it is necessary to implement procedures to make easier their use in clinical practice <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
AB0751 The epstein-barr virus infection in systemic sclerosis
Authors: G. Efthymiou, C. Liaskos, E. Marou, E. Dardiotis, V. Tsimourtou, T. Scheper, W. Meyer, D.P. Bogdanos, G. Hadjigeorgiou, L.I. Sakkas
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been considered trigger of various autoimmune diseases, including systemic sclerosis (SSc), mainly due to studies investigating cross-reactive responses amongst EBV and disease-specific antigens. Meticulous assessment of antibody reactivities to the most immunodominant EBV antigens in SSc has not been performed. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess ab reactivity against EBV viral capsid antigens (VCA), early antigens (EA) and EBNA-1 in SSc, and investigate their clinical relevance. <h3>Methods</h3> Sera from 59 SSc patients, including 31 diffuse SSc (dcSSc) and 28 limited SSc (lcSSc), 43 matched multiple sclerosis (MS) as controls and 32 matched healthy controls (HC) were tested for IgG anti-EBV VCA, EA and EBNA-1 abs by immunoblotting, using EBV whole SDS extract as antigen substrate. <h3>Results</h3> Percentages of EA and EBNA-1 reactivities were significantly higher in SSc patients compared to HC (EA: 33.9% <i>vs</i> 3.1%, p=0.001; EBNA-1: 89.8% <i>vs</i> 68.8%, p=0.012), but were comparable between SSc and MS. These differences remained when SSc was divided in dcSSc and lcSSc (EA: 32.3% in dcSSc and 35.7% in lcSSc, <i>p</i><sub>dcSSc <i>vs</i> HC</sub>=0.002, <i>p</i><sub>lcSSc <i>vs</i> HC</sub>=0.001; EBNA: 92.9% in lcSSc, <i>p</i><sub>lcSSc <i>vs</i> HC</sub>=0.020). VCA positivity was comparable between SSc or its two subgroups and MS or HCs. Also, triple positivity for all three antigen categories was observed more frequently in SSc, dcSSc and lcSSc compared to HCs (32.2% in SSc, 29% in dcSSc and 35.7% in lcSSc <i>vs</i> 3.1% in HC, p=0.001, p=0.004 and p=0.001, respectively). Anti- EA was present more frequently in SSc patients with calcinosis compared to those without (75% <i>vs</i> 27.5%, p=0.014) and tended to be more frequent in patients with pulmonary fibrosis compared to those without (47.8% <i>vs</i> 25%, p=0.071). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Antibodies against EBV appear to be more frequent in SSc than in healthy controls, and equally prevalent with MS, a disease known to be associated with anti-EBV antibody responses and a known risk factor for MS. Whether an EBV-specific response is also an initiating trigger of SSc remains to be investigated. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> G. Efthymiou: None declared, C. Liaskos: None declared, E. Marou: None declared, E. Dardiotis: None declared, V. Tsimourtou: None declared, T. Scheper Employee of: EUROIMMUN, W. Meyer Employee of: EUROIMMUN, D. Bogdanos: None declared, G. Hadjigeorgiou: None declared, L. Sakkas: None declared
AB0654 Clinical profile and risk factors of infections in patients with anca-associated vasculitis (AAV) – 18-year data from a single tertiary centre
Authors: C.-H. Ho
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Despite advances in the treatment of AAV, there are still considerable morbidities related to treatment-related complications. infection is one of the most commonly encountered problems in patients on immunosuppressive therapy. <h3>Objectives</h3> This single centre, retrospective study reviewed the clinical features and investigated the risk factors for infections among patients with AAV. <h3>Methods</h3> 104 patients with AAV diagnosed between <sup>January 2000</sup> and December 2017 in a tertiary hospital were included. Demographic data and clinical parameters were reviewed. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors predicting infections. <h3>Results</h3> Around two-thirds of the 104 patients included were female (63.5% n=66). Mean age at diagnosis was 64.4-year-old. The majority(65.4%, n=68) had microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), 19.2% (n=20) had granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and 15.4% (n=16) had eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). More than half of the patients (58%, n=61) experienced at least one episode of infection and 22% (n=23) had recurrent sepsis during their disease course. Infection was the leading cause of mortality of the 56 deceased patients in this series. Infections were less frequent in EGPA patients compared to their counterparts with MPA and GPA (37.5% vs 61.8%–65%). Most infections were bacterial and multiple-drug resistant organisms were the causative agents in 8 patients. Two had neutropenic sepsis. Three had M. tuberculosis and five had herpes zoster. One had concomitant VZV and pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonitis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Infections were common and often led to significant morbidities and mortalities among AAV patients. Risk factors included age, renal insufficiency (serum creatinine &gt;140 umol/L) on presentation, disease-related organ failure, need for renal supportive therapy, and the use of cyclophosphamide as induction agent. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
The Adductor Strengthening Programme prevents groin problems among male football players: a cluster-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Joar Harøy, Benjamin Clarsen, Espen Guldahl Wiger, Mari Glomnes Øyen, Andreas Serner, Kristian Thorborg, Per Hölmich, Thor Einar Andersen, Roald Bahr
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

Background Groin injuries represent a considerable problem in male football. Previous groin-specific prevention programmes have not shown a significant reduction in groin injury rates. An exercise programme using the Copenhagen Adduction exercise increases hip adduction strength, a key risk factor for groin injuries. However, its preventive effect is yet to be tested. Aim To evaluate the effect of a single-exercise approach, based on the Copenhagen Adduction exercise, on the prevalence of groin problems in male football players. Methods 35 semiprofessional Norwegian football teams were cluster-randomised into an intervention group (18 teams, 339 players) and a control group (17 teams, 313 players). The intervention group performed an Adductor Strengthening Programme using one exercise, with three progression levels, three times per week during the preseason (6–8 weeks), and once per week during the competitive season (28 weeks). The control group were instructed to train as normal. The prevalence of groin problems was measured weekly in both groups during the competitive season using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire. Results The average prevalence of groin problems during the season was 13.5% (95% CI 12.3% to 14.7%) in the intervention group and 21.3% (95% CI 20.0% to 22.6%) in the control group. The risk of reporting groin problems was 41% lower in the intervention group (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.86, p=0.008). Conclusion The simple Adductor Strengthening Programme substantially reduced the self-reported prevalence and risk of groin problems in male football players. Trial registration number ISRCTN98514933 .
Prognostic significance of NANOG and KLF4 for breast cancer.
Authors: Takuya Nagata
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e12028 Background: iPS cell inducing factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc, and Nanog ) are reported that they appears not only in ES cells(Embryonic stem cell), but also in normal cell or carcinoma cell, including breast carcinoma. We evaluated the expression of iPS inducing factors in the human breast cancer specimen with immunohistochemistry, and analyze the relativity of the relapse and the prognosis after the operation. Methods: 200 cases of breast cancer that were performed the surgical operation in this department were examined. Expression of c-MYC, KLF4, NANOG, OCT4 and SOX2 were determined by immunohistochemistry using a tissue microarray. Results: The average of the patient's age was 55.2 years old (29 - 87), and the advanced breast cancers in stage II or more were 122 cases (61%). About the hormone receptor and the HER2 appearance, Hormone receptor positively (HR+) types were 162 cases (81%), 10 cases (5%) were HER2 positively (HER2+) type, and 28 cases (14%) were triple negative (TN) type. During the following period from operation, the relapse was found in 48 cases (24%), and 18 cases (9%) were died. The average of survival time after the operation was 80.7 months (4 - 162). Patients with strong expression of NANOG had significantly lower disease-free survival and overall survival rates than those with weak expression of NANOG (p=0.004 and P=0.033, respectively). In contrast, patients with strong expression of KLF4 had better disease-free survival (p=0.014). Conclusions: Strong expression of NANOG was an indicator of a poor prognosis for breast cancer patients, while KLF4 was a favorable prognostic indicator. Our results suggest that NANOG stimulates the growth and metastasis of breast cancer cells, whereas KLF4 inhibits these processes.
Effect of Tamsulosin on Passage of Symptomatic Ureteral Stones
Authors: Andrew C. Meltzer, Pamela Katzen Burrows, Allan B. Wolfson, Judd E. Hollander, Michael Kurz, Ziya Kirkali, John W. Kusek, Patrick Mufarrij, Stephen V. Jackman, Jeremy Brown
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

<h3>Importance</h3> Urinary stone disease is a common presentation in the emergency department, and α-adrenergic receptor blockers, such as tamsulosin, are commonly used to facilitate stone passage. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine if tamsulosin promotes the passage of urinary stones within 28 days among emergency department patients. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial from 2008 to 2009 (first phase) and then from 2012 to 2016 (second phase). Participants were followed for 90 days. The first phase was conducted at a single US emergency department; the second phase was conducted at 6 US emergency departments. Adult patients were eligible to participate if they presented with a symptomatic urinary stone in the ureter less than 9 mm in diameter, as demonstrated on computed tomography. <h3>Interventions</h3> Participants were randomized to treatment with either tamsulosin, 0.4 mg, or matching placebo daily for 28 days. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The primary outcome was stone passage based on visualization or capture by the study participant by day 28. Secondary outcomes included crossover to open-label tamsulosin, time to stone passage, return to work, use of analgesic medication, hospitalization, surgical intervention, and repeated emergency department visit for urinary stones. <h3>Results</h3> The mean age of 512 participants randomized to tamsulosin or placebo was 40.6 years (range, 18-74 years), 139 (27.1%) were female, and 110 (22.8%) were nonwhite. The mean (SD) diameter of the urinary stones was 3.8 (1.4) mm. Four hundred ninety-seven patients were evaluated for the primary outcome. Stone passage rates were 50% in the tamsulosin group and 47% in the placebo group (relative risk, 1.05; 95.8% CI, 0.87-1.27;<i>P</i> = .60), a nonsignificant difference. None of the secondary outcomes were significantly different. All analyses were performed according to the intention-to-treat principle, although patients lost to follow-up before stone passage were excluded from the analysis of final outcome. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Tamsulosin did not significantly increase the stone passage rate compared with placebo. Our findings do not support the use of tamsulosin for symptomatic urinary stones smaller than 9 mm. Guidelines for medical expulsive therapy for urinary stones may need to be revised. <h3>Trial Registration</h3> ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT00382265
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Versus Stress Echocardiography in Acute Chest Pain
Authors: Jeffrey M. Levsky, Linda B. Haramati, Daniel M. Spevack, Mark A. Menegus, Terence Chen, Sarah Mizrachi, Durline Brown-Manhertz, Samantha Selesny, Rikah Lerer, Deborah J. White, Jonathan N. Tobin, Cynthia C. Taub, Mario J. Garcia
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2018)