tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A systematic review and meta-analysis of utility estimates in melanoma
Authors: A.D. Tran, G. Fogarty, A.K. Nowak, D. Espinoza, N. Rowbotham, M.R. Stockler, R.L. Morton
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

Health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) in melanoma is affected by cancer stage. Previous studies have reported limited data on utility‐based HRQOL. To determine pooled estimates of utility‐based HRQOL (utilities) for people with American Joint Cancer Committee stage I/II, III or IV melanoma for use in economic evaluations. We performed a systematic review, meta‐analysis and metaregression of utilities for patients with melanoma. HRQOL scores reported with the QLQ‐C30, SF‐36, SF‐12, FACT‐G and FACT‐M instruments were converted to utilities using published mapping algorithms. Meta‐analysis was used to calculate mean utilities. Metaregression was used to examine the effects of baseline patient and study characteristics. We identified 33 studies reporting 213 utilities. From meta‐analyses, the mean utility for stage I/II melanoma was 0·97 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0·90–0·98]; for stage III melanoma it was 0·77 (95% CI 0·70–0·83); for stage III/IV 0·76 (95% CI 0·76–0·77); and for stage IV melanoma 0·76 (95% CI 0·71–0·81). The difference in utility between stage III and stage IV was not statistically significant (P = 0·52). For patients with stage I/II, the utility estimate at the time of surgery was 0·77 (95% CI 0·75–0·79), and at 3–12 months postsurgery it was 0·85 (95% CI 0·84–0·86). Utility estimates for patients with stage IV melanoma were 0·65 (95% CI 0·62–0·69) during the first 3 months of treatment and 0·83 (95% CI 0·81–0·86) at 4–12 months on treatment. For patients with stage IV melanoma treated with chemotherapy, the utility estimate was 0·52 (95% CI 0·51–0·52), while for those treated with targeted therapy it was 0·83 (95% CI 0·82–0·85). These robust, evidence‐based estimates of health state utility can be used in economic evaluations of new treatments for patients with early‐stage or advanced‐stage melanoma.
Are sentiments subject to selection pressures? The case of oxytocin
Authors: Chelsea D Christie, Frances S Chen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Abstract We argue that natural selection operates on emotional and cognitive capacities supporting the subjective experience of sentiments, rather than on discrete sentiments themselves. We support this argument by examining the case of oxytocin in relation to the sentiment of love. We also explore future directions for health psychology research that includes “cold” aspects of contempt in conjunction with “hot” aspects.
Polymorphisms in metabolic GSTP1 and DNA repair XRCC1 and TP53 genes with an increased risk of DNA damage in pesticide-exposed fruit growers
Authors: Ruey-Hong Wong, Shu-Yuan Chang, Shu-Wei Ho, Pei-Lin Huang, Yi-Jie Liu, Hong-Shen Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

838   Pesticide exposure is associated with various neoplastic diseases and congenital malformations. Animal studies have indicated that pesticides may be metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A5 enzymes, or glutathione S-transferases. DNA-repair genes, including X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 ( XRCC1 ), xeroderma  pigmentosum group D ( XPD ), and  TP53  tumor suppressor gene may also be implicated in the process of pesticide-related carcinogenesis. Thus, this study was performed to investigate whether various metabolic and DNA repair genotypes are more susceptible to DNA damage in pesticide-exposed fruit growers. Using the Comet assay, the extent of DNA damage was evaluated in the peripheral blood of 91 fruit growers who experienced pesticide exposure and 106 unexposed controls. Questionnaires were administered to obtain demographic data, cigarette-smoking habits, medical, and occupational histories. The genotypes for metabolic  CYP3A5  (A -44 G) and  GSTP1  (Ile105Val) genes, and DNA repair  XRCC1  (Arg399Gln, Arg194Trp, and T -77 C),  XPD  (Asp312Asn and Lys751Gln), and  TP53  (Arg72Pro) genes were also identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Our results showed that subjects experiencing high or low pesticide exposure had a significantly greater DNA tail moment (DNA damage) than did controls. When the multiple regression model for DNA tail moment by different pesticide exposure groups was analyzed, age ( P   GSTP1  Ile-Ile genotype ( P  = 0.01),  XRCC1  399 Arg-Arg genotype ( P   XRCC1   T -77 T genotype ( P  = 0.03), and  TP53  Arg-Arg genotype ( P  = 0.07) were found to be associated with an increased DNA tail moment in high pesticide exposure group. Further analysis of susceptible metabolic  GSTP1  and DNA repair genotypes interaction, after adjusting the effects of age, sex, smoke status (pack-years), and pesticide exposure level, revealed a significant difference for carrying  GSTP1  Ile-Ile with  XRCC1  194 Arg-Trp / Trp-Trp genotypes ( P  = 0.02),  XRCC1  399 Arg-Arg genotypes ( P  = 0.003), and  TP53  Arg-Arg genotypes ( P  = 0.01) to influence DNA tail moment, compared to those carrying  GSTP1  Ile-Val / Val-Val with  XRCC1  194 Arg-Arg genotypes,  XRCC1  399 Arg-Gln / Gln-Gln genotypes, and  TP53  Arg-Pro / Pro-Pro genotypes, respectively. These results suggest that individuals with susceptible metabolic  GSTP1  and DNA repair genes including  XRCC1  and  TP53  may experience an increased risk of DNA damage elicited by pesticide exposure.
P2.05-018 Re-Irradiation Using SBRT: A Good Option as a Salvage Treatment in Pulmonary Lesions
Authors: Joel Mases-Rosines, Arturo Navarro-Martin, Esther Oliva, Ma Dolores Arnaiz, Ernest Nadal, Mateo Mutto, Maria Laplana, Samantha Aso, Rodolfo De Blas, Valentin Navarro, Jose Luis Vercher, Eduard Andia, Ricard Ramos, Ferran Guedea
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Incidence, risk factors, and prognostic impact of re-exploration for bleeding after cardiac surgery: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lucas B. Ohmes, Antonino Di Franco, T. Sloane Guy, Christopher Lau, Monica Munjal, William Debois, Zhongyi Li, Karl H. Krieger, Alexandra N. Schwann, Jeremy R. Leonard, Leonard N. Girardi, Mario Gaudino
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2017)
miR-92b-3p acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting Gabra3 in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Manmei Long, Ming Zhan, Sunwang Xu, Ruimeng Yang, Wei Chen, Shilei Zhang, Yongheng Shi, Qiao He, Man Mohan, Qiang Liu, Jian Wang
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2017)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors by controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, metastasis and apoptosis, and miRNA dysregulation is involved in the development of pancreatic cancer (PC). Our previous study demonstrated that Gabra3 plays critical roles in cancer progression. However, whether Gabra3 is regulated by miRNAs in PC remains unknown. The expression levels of miR-92b-3p and Gabra3 were measured by quantitative PCR (qPCR), immunoblotting, in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The proliferation rate of PC cells was detected by MTS assay. Wound-healing and transwell assays were used to examine the invasive abilities of PC cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to determine how miR-92b-3p regulates Gabra3. Xenograft mouse models were used to assess the role of miR-92b-3p in PC tumor formation in vivo. Here, we provide evidence that miR-92b-3p acted as a tumor suppressor in PC by regulating Gabra3 expression. MiR-92b-3p expression levels were lower in PC tissues than corresponding noncancerous pancreatic (CNP) tissues and were associated with a poor prognosis in PC patients. MiR-92b-3p overexpression suppressed the proliferation and invasion of PC cells in both in vivo and in vitro models. Conversely, miR-92b-3p knockdown induced an aggressive phenotype in PC cells. Mechanistically, miR-92b-3p overexpression suppressed Gabra3 expression, which then led to the inactivation of important oncogenic pathways, including the AKT/mTOR and JNK pathways. Our results suggest that miR-92b-3p acted as a tumor suppressor by targeting Gabra3-associated oncogenic pathways; these results provide novel insight into future treatments for PC patients.
Plans to sell off NHS land—ludicrous financial idiocy
Authors: J S Bamrah
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Naylor and Chand debate plans to sell off NHS land.1 Three concepts underpin the Naylor report: freeing up public land to build housing to solve the housing crisis; new models of care have different infrastructure requirements; and the sale of NHS land will generate funds for the controversial sustainability and transformation plans.

This capitalist scheme will sell public land …
Targeting different domains of gap junction protein to control malignant glioma
Authors: Jun Wang, Ze-Yu Yang, Yu-Feng Guo, Jing-Ya Kuang, Xiu-Wu Bian, Shi-Cang Yu
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

A rational treatment strategy for glioma, the most common primary central nervous system tumor, should focus on early invasive growth and resistance to current therapeutics. Connexin 43 (Cx43), a gap junction protein, plays important roles not only in the development of the central nervous system and but also in the progression of glioma. The different structural domains of Cx43, including extracellular loops, transmembrane domains, and an intracellular carboxyl terminal, have distinct functions in the invasion and proliferation of gliomas. Targeting these domains of Cx43, which is expressed in distinct patterns in the heterogeneous glioma cell population, can inhibit tumor cell invasion and new tumor formation. Thus, this review summarizes the structural characteristics of Cx43, the effects of regulating different Cx43 domains on the biological characteristics of glioma cells, intervention strategies targeting different domains of Cx43, and future research directions.
Multiple Hyperpigmented Macules in a Child
Authors: Yuka Maya, Shota Takashima, Mitsuhito Ota
Journal: JAMA (2017)

A healthy 7-month-old female infant had 2 months of sharply marginated, polymorphic, nonscaly hyperpigmented macules on the back and thighs, without erythema, trauma, or abnormal laboratory test results. What would you do next?
Absent Cerebellar Circulation With Intact Cerebral Blood Flow on a 99mTc Bicisate “Brain Death” Study
Authors: Matthew Q. Schmidt, Frank V. Schraml
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2017)

A 55-year old woman presented in an obtunded state and was found to have a subarachnoid hemorrhage. After endovascular repair, her condition deteriorated, and brain death was suspected. A Tc bicisate brain blood flow study was performed, which showed a complete absence of blood flow to the cerebellum despite intact circulation to the cerebral hemispheres. These atypical findings are likely a result of a transient intracranial pressure differential and the timing of the study. A timely and accurate declaration of brain death has important psychosocial and ethical implications, particularly when organ donation is being considered.
Abstract 18843: Evaluating Appropriate Use of Pediatric Echocardiogram for Chest Pain in Outpatient Clinics
Authors: Reid Chamberlain, Jonathan Pelletier, Sarah Blanchard, Christoph P Hornik, Kevin Hill, Michael J Campbell
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Echocardiography is often used in the evaluation of pediatric chest pain but incidence of uncovered cardiac pathology is low. In 2014, the American College of Cardiology published app...
Principles of Species Adjustment II. Discontinuous Exposure
Authors: R. R. Spencer, M. B. Melroy, Dorothy Calnan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1943)

Principles of Species Adjustment II. Discontinuous Exposure Get access R. R. Spencer, R. R. Spencer chief National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. B. Melroy, M. B. Melroy assistant bacteriologist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dorothy Calnan Dorothy Calnan junior bacteriologist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 4, Issue 3, December 1943, Pages 257–263, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/4.3.257 Published: 01 December 1943
The effects of icing on paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy among breast cancer patients: a self-controlled trial
Authors: Akiko Hanai, Hiroshi Ishiguro, Takashi Sozu, Moe Tsuda, Ikuko Yano, Takayuki Nakagawa, Satoshi Imai, Masakazu Toi, Hidenori Arai, Tadao Tsuboyama
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Casos de legionelosis declarados en Francia en 2001
Authors: C Campese, B Decludt
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2002)

En 2001, el Instituto de Vigilancia de la Salud Publica de Francia (Institut de Veille Sanitaire; InVS) recibio 807 declaraciones de casos de legionelosis. La incidencia de la enfermedad fue de 1,35 casos por 100.000 habitantes, comparada con la incidencia media europea de 0,6 por 100.000. La mediana de edad fue de 59 anos [16-97 anos], siendo el grupo mas afectado el de edad superior a 80 anos. La razon de sexos hombre/mujer fue de 3,1. El resultado de la enfermedad se conocio en el 69% de todos los casos, con una tasa de letalidad del 19,9%. De los factores contribuyentes encontrados en 558 casos, un 11% padecio cancer o hemopatias, el 12% recibio algun tratamiento inmunosupresor, el 10% era diabetico y un 40% eran fumadores. En 2001, el 13% (105/807) de los casos habia permanecido en un hospital o una clinica durante el periodo de incubacion, comparado con el 20% en 2000, y el 11% estuvo relacionado con viajes.
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents Added to Insulin Monotherapy for Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Rimke C. Vos, Guy E. H. M. Rutten
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who do not achieve optimal glycemic control with insulin monotherapy, is the addition of oral hypoglycemic agents associated with benefits (measured by lowering of hemoglobin A1c) or adverse effects?Adding a sulfonylurea to insulin was associated with more hypoglycemic events compared with insulin alone, but this association was not observed for metformin. Adding a sulfonylurea or metformin to insulin was associated with a decrease in hemoglobin A1c of approximately 1.0%.
Clinical Decision Support for In-Hospital AKI
Authors: Mohammed Al-Jaghbeer, Dilhari Dealmeida, Andrew Bilderback, Richard Ambrosino, John A. Kellum
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2017)

AKI carries a significant mortality and morbidity risk. Use of a clinical decision support system (CDSS) might improve outcomes. We conducted a multicenter, sequential period analysis of 528,108 patients without ESRD before admission, from October of 2012 to September of 2015, to determine whether use of a CDSS reduces hospital length of stay and in-hospital mortality for patients with AKI. We compared patients treated 12 months before (181,696) and 24 months after (346,412) implementation of the CDSS. Coprimary outcomes were hospital mortality and length of stay adjusted by demographics and comorbidities. AKI was diagnosed in 64,512 patients (12.2%). Crude mortality rate fell from 10.2% before to 9.4% after CDSS implementation (odds ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.86 to 0.96; P=0.001) for patients with AKI but did not change in patients without AKI (from 1.5% to 1.4%). Mean hospital duration decreased from 9.3 to 9.0 days (P<0.001) for patients with AKI, with no change for patients without AKI. In multivariate mixed-effects models, the adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) was 0.76 (0.70 to 0.83) for mortality and 0.66 (0.61 to 0.72) for dialysis (P<0.001). Change in adjusted hospital length of stay was also significant (incidence rate ratio, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.89 to 0.92), decreasing from 7.2 to 6.0 days for patients with AKI. Results were robust to sensitivity analyses and were sustained for the duration of follow-up. Hence, implementation of a CDSS for AKI resulted in a small but sustained decrease in hospital mortality, dialysis use, and length of stay.
PEG status and outcomes in head and neck cancer patients treated with chemoradiotherapy.
Authors: Cathy L Lazarus, Hasan Husaini, Kenneth Hu, Bruce Culliney, Zujun Li, Mark L Urken, Adam Jacobson, Daniel Buchbinder, Mark Persky, Theresa Tran, Michael Pitman, Catherine Concert, Daisy Maria Palacios, Bridget Bennett, Mahesh Kumar, Robin Metcalfe-Klaw, Louis Benjamin Harrison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e17030 Background: Patients undergoing concomitant chemoradiotherapy may or may not undergo prophylactic PEG placement, depending on baseline weight, medical status and presence of dysphagia. We examined quality of life, performance status and oral outcomes in patients with or without PEG at baseline and 3 months post-treatment. Methods: Thirty-three patients with head and neck cancer were treated with chemoradiotherapy. All were seen baseline and 3 months post-tx. Assessments included the Performance Status Scale (PSS), Karnofsky Performance Status Scale (KPSS), tongue strength, jaw opening, and saliva weight. Patient-rated QOL utilized the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) and Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) with significance at p&lt;.05. Results: Weight loss from baseline to 3 months post-tx was 15.16 % (p=0.000) and 10.41% (p=0.046) for those without and with PEGs, respectively. At 3 months post-tx, the PEG group performed significantly worse than the no-PEG group on the EAT-10;(p=0.050), worse on the MDADI (p=0.089) and saliva weight (p=0.032). In the no-PEG group, significant decreases from baseline to 3 months post-tx were seen for KPSS (p=0.014), Normalcy of Diet (p=0.001), Eating in Public (p=0.004),tongue strength (p=0.002), jaw opening (p=0.000), saliva weight (p=0.000), EAT-10 (p=0.001) and MDADI (p=0.016). For the PEG group, statistically significant decreases were noticed from baseline to 3 months post-tx in Normalcy of Diet (p=0.027), tongue strength (p=0.034), jaw opening (p=0.027), and saliva weight (p=0.018). Conclusion: Concomitant chemoradiotherapy for treatment of head and neck tumors can result in impaired performance outcomes and QOL over the first 3 months post-tx. However, performance status, tongue strength, jaw ROM and eating QOL were only mildly impaired by 3 months post-tx. Differences were observed in weight loss, performance status, oral outcome variables and QOL for PEG vs. no-PEG groups. However, the magnitude of the differences was not significant with the exception of the EAT-10 &amp; saliva weight, with greater impairment in eating QOL and lower saliva weight in the PEG group.
High blood pressure associated with increased future risk of mitral regurgitation, finds study
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2017)

High blood pressure in early adulthood is associated with increased risk of mitral regurgitation in later life, a large UK study has reported.1

“Our research suggests this common and disabling valve disorder is not an inevitable consequence of ageing, as previously assumed, but may be preventable,” said lead author Kazem Rahimi, from the George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, UK. Until now, mitral valve regurgitation has largely been considered a degenerative disorder resulting from weakening of the valve with ageing. …
Molecular Subgroups of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Evolve By Distinct Genetic Pathways
Authors: Tayla B Heavican, Jiayu Yu, Alyssa Bouska, Timothy C Greiner, Cynthia M Lachel, Chao Wang, Bhavana J Dave, Catalina C Amador, Kai Fu, Julie M Vose, Dennis D Weisenburger, Randy D Gascoyne, Sylvia Hartmann, Martin Bjerregård Pedersen, Ryan Wilcox, Bin Tean Teh, Soon Thye Lim, Choon Kiat Ong, Masao Seto, Francoise Berger, Andreas Rosenwald, German Ott, Elias Campo, Lisa M Rimsza, Elaine S. Jaffe, Rita M Braziel, Francesco A d'Amore, Giorgio Inghirami, Francesco Bertoni, Louis Staudt, Timothy W. McKeithan, Stefano A Pileri, Wing Chung Chan, Javeed Iqbal
Journal: Blood (2016)
Brief Report: A Phase <scp>II</scp>b Trial of a Novel Extended‐Release Microsphere Formulation of Triamcinolone Acetonide for Intraarticular Injection in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Philip G. Conaghan, Stanley B. Cohen, Francis Berenbaum, Joelle Lufkin, James R. Johnson, Neil Bodick
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2017)

FX006 is a novel, microsphere-based, extended-release formulation of triamcinolone acetonide for intraarticular (IA) injection designed to maintain treatment concentration in the joint and provide prolonged analgesic benefits in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. This study was undertaken to compare the analgesic benefits of 2 FX006 doses with saline placebo injection.In this phase IIb study, participants with knee OA (Kellgren/Lawrence grade 2-3) and average daily pain (ADP) intensity ≥5 to ≤9 (on a 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale) were randomized (1:1:1) to receive single IA injections of FX006 32 mg (n = 104) or 16 mg (n = 102) or saline placebo (n = 100). The primary end point was the least squares mean (LSM) change from baseline to week 12 in weekly mean ADP intensity scores for FX006 32 mg versus saline placebo.The primary end point was not met (LSM change at week 12 -3.1 with FX006 32 mg versus -2.5 with saline placebo; LSM difference [95% confidence interval] -0.58 [-1.22, 0.07]) (P = 0.08). However, improvements in ADP intensity were significantly greater with FX006 32 mg than saline placebo at weeks 1-11 and week 13. Improvements in ADP intensity were significantly greater with FX006 16 mg versus saline placebo at weeks 1-9. A dose-response effect in duration of maximal analgesic effect was evident (13 weeks with 32 mg versus 9 weeks with 16 mg), with FX006 32 mg providing increased therapeutic benefit relative to FX006 16 mg. All treatments were well tolerated.Although the primary end point was not met, our findings indicate a prolonged reduction in symptoms with FX006 with an evident dose response and a safety profile similar to saline placebo.
The contribution of alcohol use disorder to decompensated cirrhosis among people with hepatitis C: An international study
Authors: Maryam Alavi, Naveed Z. Janjua, Mei Chong, Jason Grebely, Esther J. Aspinall, Hamish Innes, Heather M. Valerio, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Peter C. Hayes, Mel Krajden, Janaki Amin, Matthew G. Law, Jacob George, David J. Goldberg, Sharon J. Hutchinson, Gregory J. Dore
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)
The multidimensional mechanisms of long noncoding RNA function
Authors: Francesco P. Marchese, Ivan Raimondi, Maite Huarte
Journal: Genome biology (2017)

A major shift in our understanding of genome regulation has emerged recently. It is now apparent that the majority of cellular transcripts do not code for proteins, and many of them are long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Increasingly, studies suggest that lncRNAs regulate gene expression through diverse mechanisms. We review emerging mechanistic views of lncRNAs in gene regulation in the cell nucleus. We discuss the functional interactions that lncRNAs establish with other molecules as well as the relationship between lncRNA transcription and function. While some of these mechanisms are specific to lncRNAs, others might be shared with other types of genes.