tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation on Screening for Asymptomatic Celiac Disease
Authors: Rok Seon Choung, Joseph A. Murray
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The results of first-line chemotherapy in 108 patients affected by recurrent or metastatic salivary gland malignacies (RMSGM).
Authors: Mario Airoldi, Massimiliano Garzaro, Luca Raimondo, Fulvia Pedani, Elisa Bellini, Oliviero Ostellino, Giuseppe Riva, Giancarlo Pecorari
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

6038 Background: Recurrent/metastatic salivary gland malignancies (RMSGM) are not manageable by means of surgery and/or radiotherapy; chemotherapy (CT) represents a palliative strategy without any curative purposes. In this abstract we report the results of CT in 108 cases of RMSGM. Methods: We enrolled 108 patients with radiologically documented progression of RMSGM. Five pts received cisplatin (DDP) 100 mg/sm d 1, q 3wks; 8 pts doxorubicin (DOX) 75 mg/sm d1, q 3wks; 30 pts vinorelbine (VNB) 30 mg/sm d. 1 and 8, q 3 wks; 9 pts DDP 60 mg/ sm + epirubicin (EPI) 60 mg/sm + 5-FU 600 mg/sm d.1, q 3 wks; 42 pts DDP 80 mg/sm d.1 + VNB 25 mg/sm d. 1,8 , q 3 wks, and 14 pts carboplatin (CBDCA) AUC 5.5 + paclitaxel (Taxol; TAX) 175 mg/sm d.1, q 3 wks. The maximum number of CT cycles was 6. Results: Patients characteristics were as follows: 65 males (60%) and 43 females (40%); median age: 57 yrs (range 20-74); 42 pts (39%) had ECOG PS=0 and 66 pts(61%) PS 1-2 (0-2); histological evaluation was as follow: adenocarcinoma 28 pts (26%), adenoid cystic carcinoma 63pts (58%), undifferentiated carcinoma 12 pts (11%) and malignant mixed tumors 5 pts (5%); the disease was local in 40 pts (37%), local + distant metastases in 30 pts (28%) and only metastatic in 38 pts (35%). Conclusions: DDP is the probably the most effective single drug scheme; our data suggest that VNB has superimposeable results with a better gastroenteric and renal toxicity profile. Single drug CT seems less effective than multi drug CT with DDP-based schemes. DDP+EPI+5-FU is as effective as DDP+VNB; CBDCA+TAX seems to have worse clinical outcomes than DDP combinations. The impact of CT on symptoms is quite good while on survival needs further investigations, moreover our data confirm the need of new biological target agents to improve clinical outcomes in RMSGM. [Table: see text]
Outcome and Prognostic Factors in Stage III Favorable-Histology Wilms Tumor: A Report From the Children’s Oncology Group Study AREN0532
Authors: Conrad V. Fernandez, Elizabeth A. Mullen, Yueh-Yun Chi, Peter F. Ehrlich, Elizabeth J. Perlman, John A. Kalapurakal, Geetika Khanna, Arnold C. Paulino, Thomas E. Hamilton, Kenneth W. Gow, Zelig Tochner, Fredric A. Hoffer, Janice S. Withycombe, Robert C. Shamberger, Yeonil Kim, James I. Geller, James R. Anderson, Paul E. Grundy, Jeffrey S. Dome
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Background The National Wilms Tumor Study (NWTS) approach to treating stage III favorable-histology Wilms tumor (FHWT) is Regimen DD4A (vincristine, dactinomycin, and doxorubicin) and radiation therapy. Further risk stratification is required to improve outcomes and reduce late effects. We evaluated clinical and biologic variables for patients with stage III FHWT without combined loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at chromosomes 1p and 16q treated in the Children’s Oncology Group protocol AREN0532. Methods From October 2006 to August 2013, 588 prospectively treated, centrally reviewed patients with stage III FHWT were treated with Regimen DD4A and radiation therapy. Tumor LOH at 1p and 16q was determined by microsatellite analysis. Ineligible patients (n = 5) and those with combined LOH 1p/16q (n = 40) were excluded. Results A total of 535 patients with stage III disease were studied. Median follow-up was 5.2 years (range, 0.2 to 9.5). Four-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival estimates were 88% (95% CI, 85% to 91%) and 97% (95% CI, 95% to 99%), respectively. A total of 58 of 66 relapses occurred in the first 2 years, predominantly pulmonary (n = 36). Eighteen patients died, 14 secondary to disease. A better EFS was associated with negative lymph node status ( P &lt; .01) and absence of LOH 1p or 16q ( P &lt; .01), but not with gross residual disease or peritoneal implants. In contrast, the 4-year EFS was only 74% in patients with combined positive lymph node status and LOH 1p or 16q. A total of 123 patients (23%) had delayed nephrectomy. Submitted delayed nephrectomy histology showed anaplasia (n = 8; excluded from survival analysis); low risk/completely necrotic (n = 7; zero relapses), intermediate risk (n = 63; six relapses), and high-risk/blastemal type (n=7; five relapses). Conclusion Most patients with stage III FHWT had good EFS/overall survival with DD4A and radiation therapy. Combined lymph node and LOH status was highly predictive of EFS and should be considered as a potential prognostic marker for future trials.
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Use During Pregnancy
Authors: Brian J. Miller, Michael C. Davis, Marc B. Stone
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Efficacy of a Low-Cost, Heat-Stable Oral Rotavirus Vaccine in Niger
Authors: Sheila Isanaka, Ousmane Guindo, Celine Langendorf, Amadou Matar Seck, Brian D. Plikaytis, Nathan Sayinzoga-Makombe, Monica M. McNeal, Nicole Meyer, Eric Adehossi, Ali Djibo, Bruno Jochum, Rebecca F. Grais
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Each year, rotavirus gastroenteritis is responsible for about 37% of deaths from diarrhea among children younger than 5 years of age worldwide, with a disproportionate effect in sub-Saharan Africa.We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Niger to evaluate the efficacy of a live, oral bovine rotavirus pentavalent vaccine (BRV-PV, Serum Institute of India) to prevent severe rotavirus gastroenteritis. Healthy infants received three doses of the vaccine or placebo at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age. Episodes of gastroenteritis were assessed through active and passive surveillance and were graded on the basis of the score on the Vesikari scale (which ranges from 0 to 20, with higher scores indicating more severe disease). The primary end point was the efficacy of three doses of vaccine as compared with placebo against a first episode of laboratory-confirmed severe rotavirus gastroenteritis (Vesikari score, ≥11) beginning 28 days after dose 3.Among the 3508 infants who were included in the per-protocol efficacy analysis, there were 31 cases of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in the vaccine group and 87 cases in the placebo group (2.14 and 6.44 cases per 100 person-years, respectively), for a vaccine efficacy of 66.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 49.9 to 77.9). Similar efficacy was seen in the intention-to-treat analyses, which showed a vaccine efficacy of 69.1% (95% CI, 55.0 to 78.7). There was no significant between-group difference in the risk of adverse events, which were reported in 68.7% of the infants in the vaccine group and in 67.2% of those in the placebo group, or in the risk of serious adverse events (in 8.3% in the vaccine group and in 9.1% in the placebo group); there were 27 deaths in the vaccine group and 22 in the placebo group. None of the infants had confirmed intussusception.Three doses of BRV-PV, an oral rotavirus vaccine, had an efficacy of 66.7% against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis among infants in Niger. (Funded by Médecins sans Frontières Operational Center and the Kavli Foundation; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02145000 .).
Cultural competency training for health care providers in an urban cancer institute and impact on breast care.
Authors: Erica H. Williams, Earlene Whitaker, Barbara Zickafoose, Mihriye Mete, Sandra M. Swain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

6561 Background: The purpose was to improve the cultural competence of healthcare providers at an urban cancer institute and to assess its impact on breast screening and diagnostic benchmarks. Methods: A web-based learning module was developed to address breast cancer disparities in African American women, identifying common barriers to care and highlighting functions of patient-provider education. The module, a pre-and post-test were administered to providers including physicians, nurses, non-clinical employees, diagnostic technicians and medical office assistants (MOA) of MedStar’s Washington Cancer Institute (WCI) and Breast Imaging Center (BIC). Cultural competency discussions began with providers in BIC in April 2011. The module was available to BIC providers in October 2011 and to WCI providers in December 2011. To increase the cancer knowledge-base, a breast education class was offered to 40 MOAs. Statistical analysis was conducted using SAS v.9.1. Results: October 2011-March 2012, 133 providers were offered the module. Seven providers helped create the module, were removed from analyses. Of the 126, 29 did not complete all parts or complete in proper order and were not used in analyses. Overall, providers (n=97) demonstrated an increase in average pre/post test scores (119 vs. 123; P&lt;.01). All providers, except diagnostic technicians, increased cultural competency scores post module. Physician’s average pre/post test scores showed the greatest increase with 11 points (P&lt;.01). From Nov 2011- April 2012, BIC experienced a 59% decrease in number of patients lost to follow up after a screening mammogram, a 11% decrease in lost to follow up for diagnostic patients as well as a decrease of 1 days in average number of days patients return for diagnostic imaging after a mammogram. There was a 32% increase in employee satisfaction within in BIC. Conclusions: This suggests that our learning module had a positive impact on patient-provider communication. The decrease in screening and diagnostic lost to follow up rates illustrates the learning module’s potential for staff motivation in reducing breast cancer disparities. Supported by Susan G. Komen for the Cure NR-11-33340.
Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Molecular Features of Histiocytoid Sweet Syndrome
Authors: Victoria Alegría-Landa, Socorro María Rodríguez-Pinilla, Angel Santos-Briz, José Luis Rodríguez-Peralto, Victor Alegre, Lorenzo Cerroni, Heinz Kutzner, Luis Requena
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

Histiocytoid Sweet syndrome is a rare histopathologic variant of Sweet syndrome. The nature of the histiocytoid infiltrate has generated considerable controversy in the literature.The main goal of this study was to conduct a comprehensive overview of the immunohistochemical phenotype of the infiltrate in histiocytoid Sweet syndrome. We also analyze whether this variant of Sweet syndrome is more frequently associated with hematologic malignancies than classic Sweet syndrome.This is a retrospective case series study of the clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of 33 patients with a clinicopathologic diagnosis of histiocytoid Sweet syndrome was conducted in the dermatology departments of 5 university hospitals and a private laboratory of dermatopathology.The clinical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and follow-up features of 33 patients with histiocytoid Sweet syndrome were analyzed. In some cases, cytogenetic studies of the dermal infiltrate were also performed. We compare our findings with those of the literature.The dermal infiltrate from the 33 study patients (20 female; median age, 49 years; age range, 5-93 years; and 13 male; median age, 42 years; age range, 4-76 years) was mainly composed of myeloperoxidase-positive immature myelomonocytic cells with histiocytoid morphology. No cytogenetic anomalies were found in the infiltrate except in 1 case in which neoplastic cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia were intermingled with the cells of histiocytoid Sweet syndrome. Authentic histiocytes were also found in most cases, with a mature immunoprofile, but they appeared to be a minor component of the infiltrate. Histiocytoid Sweet syndrome was not more frequently related with hematologic malignancies than classic neutrophilic Sweet syndrome.The dermal infiltrate of cutaneous lesions of histiocytoid Sweet syndrome is composed mostly of immature cells of myeloid lineage. This infiltrate should not be interpreted as leukemia cutis.
Adherence to guideline-recommended chemotherapy in the treatment of gastric cancer.
Authors: Jonathan K Kish, Brian S. Seal, Kenneth Shermock, Carl V Asche, Jane Chang, Fang Xia, Erin Zagadailov, Michael Eaddy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e15009 Background: To evaluate patterns of care among individuals diagnosed with metastatic (M) and non-metastatic (NM) gastric cancer (GaCa). Methods: Two large integrated claims databases (Pharmetrics, MarketScan) spanning July 2008 to September 2012 were used to identify patients ≥ 18 years old diagnosed and treated for GaCa. Patients were required to be chemotherapy (chemo)-naïve and continuously enrolled ≥ 6 months pre- and post-diagnosis and have no other cancer diagnosis in the baseline period. Eligible patients were stratified into cohorts based on the presence and timing of M diagnosis: ≤ 120 days (M1); ≥ 121 day (M2). A ≥ 60-day gap between successive chemo represented a new line of therapy. Results: There were 5,609 (3,486 NM; 1,469 M1; 654 M2) and 3,203 (2,004 NM; 875 M1; 324 M2) patients meeting inclusion criteria across the 2 databases, respectively. Between 12.3–16.5% of NM patients received first-line chemo compared to 73.7–79.4% of M1 and 64.8–70.8% of M2 patients. NCCN-recommended agents were received in 60.2–60.9% of NM, 69.0–71.9% of M1, 64.2–70.0% of M2 patients. Recommended treatment types included pre- or post-operative chemoradation (39.8–45.1% of M1 and 46.8–47.8% of M2 patients) or perioperative therapy (22.4–27.1% of M1 and 25.7–26.9% of M2 patients). The most commonly prescribed first-line NCCN therapy was 5FU/LV, 5FU, or paclitaxel. The number of patients receiving second- and third-line chemo declined by ~50% successively while treatment with guideline agents remained at 48.0–58.2% in second-line and 53.6–63.4% in third-line across both NM and M patients. Conclusions: The majority of advanced disease patients received perioperative chemotherapy or pre/post-chemoradiation. At least 40% of patients did not receive NCCN-recommended therapy in each line of treatment. Chemo treatment patterns were similar for both M1 and M2 patients between the 2 databases.
Abstract MP033: Socioeconomic Disparities in the Risk of Developing Heart Failure: Prospective Findings from the Moli-Sani Study
Authors: Marialaura Bonaccio, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Simona Costanzo, Mariarosaria Persichillo, Livia Rago, Amalia De Curtis, Maria Benedetta Donati, Giovanni de Gaetano, Licia Iacoviello
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The association between socioeconomic status (SES) and the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality is well-established, while the impact of SES on heart failure (HF) incidence is less explored. Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis of a SES gradient in the risk of HF. Methods: Population-based cohort study on 22,395 individuals (mean age 55.3±11.7, 47.7% men) free from HF at baseline randomly recruited from the general population included in the Moli-sani study (Italy). The cohort was followed up for a median of 7.6 years (168,031 person-years). Annual household income (Euros) and educational level were used as SES indicators. Presence of risk factors at baseline and a panel of health behaviours were tested as possible mediators of the association between SES and incident HF. Incident HF at follow-up was defined by HF hospitalization or HF death, according to the International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Revision (ICD-9). Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated by Cox-proportional hazard models. Results: We identified 757 first HF events. Both lowest education (middle and secondary schools) and household income (&lt;60,000 Euros/y) were separately associated with increased risk of HF as compared with the highest category (Table). After simultaneous adjustment, the association of income appeared to be largely explained by education. The inclusion of traditional risk factors, biomarkers of heart failure and health-behaviors into the model attenuated the association of low education with HF incidence by 12%, 3.8% and 11.5%, respectively. Overall, the full explanatory model accounted for 23.8% of the educational gradient in the risk of HF (Table). Conclusions: Educational level, rather than income, is an independent predictor of HF development. Excess risk associated with low education was partially explained by traditional health risk factors, biomarkers of subclinical damage and health-behaviors.
PD-L1 and PD-1 expression profile depending on the microsatellite status and the histological subtype in colorectal carcinomas.
Authors: CÃ©line Bossard, Eva Ott, Delphine Dansette, Adrien Ouairy, Anne Jarry, Stephane Bezieau, Claire Toquet, Jean-François Mosnier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

590 Background: PD-1/PD-L1 blockade showed therapeutic efficacy in only microsatellite (MSI) colorectal carcinomas (CRC), however, the profile of PD-L1 and PD-1 expression in CRC is only partially described. Methods: We thus analyzed on FFPE whole-tissue sections of 80 CRC, the expression profile of PD-L1 by tumor and/or immune cells by immunohistochemistry (clone E1L3N) depending on the MSI status and the histological subtype, and correlated to the density of PD-1+ and Tbet+ (able to secrete IFNg known to induce PD-L1) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). Results: 78% of MSI CRC (32/41) overexpressed PD-L1 either by tumor or immune cells versus 46% of MSS CRC (18/39) (p 0.005). This overexpression was heterogeneous within the same tumor in most of cases. Among MSI CRC, PD-L1 was preferentially overexpressed in medullary carcinomas (MC, 19/21, 90%) compared with 65% (13/20) in non-medullary adenocarcinomas (p 0.06). PD-L1 expression by tumor cells was only observed in MSI CRC (19/41, 46% with PD-L1 expression in more than 5% of tumor cells – score 1), and preferentially in MC (57% vs 5% in no medullary adenocarcinomas, with PD-L1 expression in more than 50% of tumor cells – score 3, p 0.0005). Conversely, PD-L1 expression by immune cells was observed in MSI CRC (23/41, 56% with PD-L1 expression by more than 5 sheets of 50 positive cells) but also in MSS CRC (18/39, 43%) (p 0.5). The density of PD-1+ cells was significantly correlated to the PD-L1 expression, as well as the density of Tbet+ TIL. Conclusions: PD-L1 expression is 1) heterogeneous in CRC, among CRC but also within the same tumor, 2) preferentially observed in MSI CRC (78%), especially in MC (90%), where PD-L1 is expressed by tumor cells, 3) correlated with the density of PD-1+ or T-bet+ TIL, and 4) observed in a significant proportion of MSS CRC (46%) by immune cells only. From a clinical point of view, PD-L1 expression has to be determined at best in full tissue section and besides its preferential expression in MSI CRC, its significant frequency and expression profile (only by immune cells) in MSS CRC should be taken into account in the future clinical trials testing the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies.
Bariatric Surgery and Risk for Perinatal Complications
Authors: Yoonyoung Choi, Juan M. Hincapie-Castillo
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

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