tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical efficacy of icotinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer harboring EGFR exon 18, 20 and 21 uncommon mutations.
Authors: Chunwei Xu, Wen-xian Wang, Meiyu Fang, Wu Zhuang, Gen Lin, Xiao-hui Chen, You-cai Zhu, Kai-qi Du, Yun-jian Huang, Hai-peng Xu, Yan-ping Chen, Gang Chen, Tangfeng Lv, Yong Song
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e14050 Background: EGFR gene mutations were discovered in some of NSCLC patients. Two major EGFR mutations include 19del and L858R. These mutations account for more than 90% of all mutations related to EGFR TKIs sensitivity. Icotinib, an EGFR TKI, showed equivalent response rates and better tolerability compared with gefitinib, double blind trial (ICOGEN) with advanced NSCLC previously treated in China. In addition, other uncommon mutations have been identified. The efficacy of icotinib in patients harboring these mutations to icotinib is still unknown. This study investigated the efficacy of icotinib in patients carrying G719X/E709X/G724S in exon 18, S768I/20 insertions/T790M/V769M in exon 20 and L861Q/L833F in exon 21. Methods: Retrospectively analysed 24 cases of 18 exon, 58 cases of 20exon and 17 cases of 21 exon uncommon mutation NSCLC patients until the progress of the disease or the emergence of the side effects and clinical efficacy was observed after months followed-up. Results: 99 patients with G719X/E709X/G724S/S768I/20 insertions/T790M/V769M/ L861Q/L833F mutations were enrolled. The patient response rate and disease control rate were 31.58%, 66.66%, 0, 25.00%, 11.11%, 4.76%, 0%, 23.53%, 0% and 73.68%, 66.66%, 100%, 80.00%, 44.44%, 47.62%, 100%, 64.71%, 100%, respectively. The mPFS were 2.7 months, respectively. Patients with L833F mutation manifested the longest mPFS(4.2 months), followed by those with G724S mutation(3.5 months), S768I and V769M(3.2 months), E709X(3.1 months), G719X(2.8 months), L861Q(2.2 months), exon 20 insertions(1.9 months) and T790M(1.6 months). Patients with complex mutations show a better PFS than those with single mutations(G719X mutations 3.3 months vs 2.6 months, P = 0.029; E709X 7.2 months vs 2.7 months, P = 0.225; S768I mutations 2.2 months vs 3.3months, P = 0.174; T790M 2.45 months vs 2.9 months, P = 0.845; L861Q mutations 2.1 months vs 5.6 months, P = 0.065 ).Conclusions: Icotinib is less effective in patients with uncommon mutations than in those with common mutations. Patients with complex mutations benefited more from icotinib than those with single mutations.
Core Competencies in Evidence-Based Practice for Health Professionals
Authors: Loai Albarqouni, Tammy Hoffmann, Sharon Straus, Nina Rydland Olsen, Taryn Young, Dragan Ilic, Terrence Shaneyfelt, R. Brian Haynes, Gordon Guyatt, Paul Glasziou
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2018)

<h3>Importance</h3> Evidence-based practice (EBP) is necessary for improving the quality of health care as well as patient outcomes. Evidence-based practice is commonly integrated into the curricula of undergraduate, postgraduate, and continuing professional development health programs. There is, however, inconsistency in the curriculum content of EBP teaching and learning programs. A standardized set of minimum core competencies in EBP that health professionals should meet has the potential to standardize and improve education in EBP. <h3>Objective</h3> To develop a consensus set of core competencies for health professionals in EBP. <h3>Evidence Review</h3> For this modified Delphi survey study, a set of EBP core competencies that should be covered in EBP teaching and learning programs was developed in 4 stages: (1) generation of an initial set of relevant EBP competencies derived from a systematic review of EBP education studies for health professionals; (2) a 2-round, web-based Delphi survey of health professionals, selected using purposive sampling, to prioritize and gain consensus on the most essential EBP core competencies; (3) consensus meetings, both face-to-face and via video conference, to finalize the consensus on the most essential core competencies; and (4) feedback and endorsement from EBP experts. <h3>Findings</h3> From an earlier systematic review of 83 EBP educational intervention studies, 86 unique EBP competencies were identified. In a Delphi survey of 234 participants representing a range of health professionals (physicians, nurses, and allied health professionals) who registered interest (88 [61.1%] women; mean [SD] age, 45.2 [10.2] years), 184 (78.6%) participated in round 1 and 144 (61.5%) in round 2. Consensus was reached on 68 EBP core competencies. The final set of EBP core competencies were grouped into the main EBP domains. For each key competency, a description of the level of detail or delivery was identified. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> A consensus-based, contemporary set of EBP core competencies has been identified that may inform curriculum development of entry-level EBP teaching and learning programs for health professionals and benchmark standards for EBP teaching.
Molecular pathway activation – New type of biomarkers for tumor morphology and personalized selection of target drugs
Authors: Anton Buzdin, Maxim Sorokin, Andrew Garazha, Marina Sekacheva, Ella Kim, Nikolay Zhukov, Ye Wang, Xinmin Li, Souvik Kar, Christian Hartmann, Amir Samii, Alf Giese, Nicolas Borisov
Journal: Seminars in Cancer Biology (2018)
Chlamydia pneumoniae Hijacks a Host Autoregulatory IL-1β Loop to Drive Foam Cell Formation and Accelerate Atherosclerosis
Authors: Gantsetseg Tumurkhuu, Jargalsaikhan Dagvadorj, Rebecca A. Porritt, Timothy R. Crother, Kenichi Shimada, Elizabeth J. Tarling, Ebru Erbay, Moshe Arditi, Shuang Chen
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2018)
Needs and preferences of patients regarding basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma care: a qualitative focus group study
Authors: S. Egmond, M. Wakkee, M. Droger, M.T. Bastiaens, A. Rengen, K.P. Roos, T. Nijsten, M. Lugtenberg
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Despite the high and rising incidence rate of keratinocyte cancer (KC) and the importance of incorporating patient values into evidence-based care, few studies have focused on the perspectives of patients with KC.To identify the needs and preferences of patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) regarding care.A qualitative study was conducted consisting of three focus groups with patients with BCC and three focus groups with patients with SCC. In total 42 patients participated. In each focus group, the patients' needs and preferences regarding treatment and follow-up were discussed, using a predefined topic list. All sessions were transcribed verbatim and analysed by two researchers.The following needs and preferences were identified: (i) the need to receive all relevant, tailored information; (ii) a physician who takes you seriously and communicates well; (iii) a short waiting period and the best treatment with direct results; (iv) to be seen by the same physician; a preference for a dermatologist during (v) treatment and (vi) follow-up; (vii) a general need for structured follow-up care and (viii) a full-body skin examination during follow-up. Patients with BCC additionally expressed the need for openness and transparency and wanting to participate in shared decision making.It is advocated to organize skin cancer care that is better tailored to the needs of patients with KC, providing patient-centred care. This should include investing in the patient-physician relationship, and personalizing the type and form of information and the follow-up schedules. Adding the patient's perspective to current guidelines could facilitate this process.
Region-Based Convolutional Neural Nets for Localization of Glomeruli in Trichrome-Stained Whole Kidney Sections
Authors: John D. Bukowy, Alex Dayton, Dustin Cloutier, Anna D. Manis, Alexander Staruschenko, Julian H. Lombard, Leah C. Solberg Woods, Daniel A. Beard, Allen W. Cowley
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2018)

Background Histologic examination of fixed renal tissue is widely used to assess morphology and the progression of disease. Commonly reported metrics include glomerular number and injury. However, characterization of renal histology is a time-consuming and user-dependent process. To accelerate and improve the process, we have developed a glomerular localization pipeline for trichrome-stained kidney sections using a machine learning image classification algorithm.Methods We prepared 4-μm slices of kidneys from rats of various genetic backgrounds that were subjected to different experimental protocols and mounted the slices on glass slides. All sections used in this analysis were trichrome stained and imaged in bright field at a minimum resolution of 0.92 μm per pixel. The training and test datasets for the algorithm comprised 74 and 13 whole renal sections, respectively, totaling over 28,000 glomeruli manually localized. Additionally, because this localizer will be ultimately used for automated assessment of glomerular injury, we assessed bias of the localizer for preferentially identifying healthy or damaged glomeruli.Results Localizer performance achieved an average precision and recall of 96.94% and 96.79%, respectively, on whole kidney sections without evidence of bias for or against glomerular injury or the need for manual preprocessing.Conclusions This study presents a novel and robust application of convolutional neural nets for the localization of glomeruli in healthy and damaged trichrome-stained whole-renal section mounts and lays the groundwork for automated glomerular injury scoring.
Abstract 16069: O-linked Glycosylation is Implicated in Mitochondrial Fission and Low Glucose-induced Endothelial Dysfunction
Authors: Michael J Tanner, Jingli Wang, Rong Ying, Muhammad Shahreyar, Venkata Puppala, Amberly Branum, Michael E Widlansky
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Attempts to improve cardiovascular complications associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus through intensive glycemic therapy have been ineffective and result in increased incidence of...
Advanced colorectal cancer and risk factors for survival
Authors: D. Kaidarova, K. Smagulova, S. Yesentaeva, Y. Ishkinin, Y. Ukolova, A. Kurmankulova
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common localizations of malignant tumors. Given the characteristics of the course of this disease and its diagnosis lead to a large prevalence of advanced form. In the Republic of Kazakhstan CRC takes a leading position in the structure of cancer incidence. In 2015 in Kazakhstan registered 3686 CRC patients and 1840 CRC patients died. Despite the fact that significant progress has been made in the treatment of CRC in recent years, this disease is still one of the leading causes of mortality from cancer pathology. Methods: Retrospective study of 287 patients with advance colorectal cancer who tested the mutational status of the KRAS gene. 60.2% of patients have negative and 39.8% of patients have positive mutational status of the KRAS gene. The most common forms of mutation are G12D (12.5%), G13D (10.1%) G12V (8.4%). Right side of intestinum lesion was in 42 (14.6%) patients, left side intestinum in 128 (44.6%) patients, rectum in 117 (40.8%) patients. Median of follow- up was 25.1 month. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from the start of treatment to death from any cause or until the date of the last appearance of the patient. Survival was estimated by Kaplan- Meier survival curves, comparison of curves by Log rank test. Results: OS 24%, median was 24 months, SE 0.9, CI 95% (22.3 – 25.7). Risk factor differences not significant for: gender (χ2 = 0.01 р = 0.9), ethnic group (χ2 = 0.19 р = 0.7), age < 50 survival median was 27-months, age > 50 survival median was 24 months (χ2 = 2.46 р = 0.12). Standard chemotherapy survival median was 24-months, target chemotherapy survival median was 26 months (χ2 = 0.25 р = 0.62). Adenocarcinoma histology type survival median was 25 months, for mucosa histology type survival median was 17 months (χ2 = 1.1 р = 0.29). Positive mutational status of the KRAS gene survival median was 24 months. Positive mutational status of the KRAS gene survival median was 24 months. For T3 category survival median was 26 months for T4 spread was 24 months (χ2 = 2.1 р = 0.15). For new metastasis during treatment survival median was 24 months, for no metastases during treatment survival median was 27 months (χ2 = 1.03 р = 0.31). Differences in OS was significant for: metastasis in regional lymph nodes, survival median was 23 months, N0 survival median was 27,4 months (χ2 = 12.1 р = 0,01). G3 tumor differentiation survival median was 20 months, for G2 survival median was 26 months, G1 survival median was 28 months (χ2 = 7.78 р = 0,02). Intestinum right side OS was 26.2%, survival median 24 months, left side OS was 27.3% survival median 26 months, rectum OS was 19.7% survival median 21 months (χ2 = 4.8 р = 0,04). Conclusion: Metastasis in regional lymph nodes and G3 tumor differentiation are significant risk factors for advance colorectal cancer.
Autologous vs Prosthetic Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Kenneth L. Fan, David H. Song
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Rise in mortality—when will the government take note?
Authors: Lucinda Hiam, Danny Dorling, Martin McKee
Journal: BMJ (2018)

In March, we raised concerns in The BMJ that more than 10 000 extra deaths had occurred in the first seven weeks of 2018, compared with the average of the past five years.1 As mentioned in our previous rapid response,2 Jeremy Hunt was asked on 20 March 2018 in the House of Commons: “During the first seven weeks of 2018, 10 375 …
Persistent Malar Erythema With Atrophy in a Young Woman
Authors: Sarah Mattessich, Katalin Ferenczi, Mona Shahriari
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

A young woman had asymptomatic, facial redness that flared in sunlight, previously treated with doxycycline and topical sulfacetamide with no effect; on her cheeks and nasal bridge there were multiple erythematous, annular plaques with focal areas of atrophy. What is your diagnosis?
Front-line imatinib treatment in children and adolescents with chronic myeloid leukemia: results from a phase III trial
Authors: Meinolf Suttorp, Philipp Schulze, Ingmar Glauche, Gudrun Göhring, Nils von Neuhoff, Markus Metzler, Petr Sedlacek, Eveline S. J. M. de Bont, Adriana Balduzzi, Birgitte Lausen, Olga Aleinikova, Sabina Sufliarska, Günter Henze, Gabriele Strauss, Angelika Eggert, Bernhard Kremens, Andreas H. Groll, Frank Berthold, Christoph Klein, Ute Groß-Wieltsch, Karl Walter Sykora, Arndt Borkhardt, Andreas E. Kulozik, Martin Schrappe, Christina Nowasz, Manuela Krumbholz, Josephine T. Tauer, Alexander Claviez, Jochen Harbott, Hans H. Kreipe, Brigitte Schlegelberger, Christian Thiede
Journal: Leukemia (2018)
Disrupted N-linked glycosylation as a disease mechanism in deficiency of ADA2
Authors: Pui Y. Lee, Yuelong Huang, Qing Zhou, Oskar Schnappauf, Michael S. Hershfield, Ying Li, Nancy J. Ganson, Natalia Sampaio Moura, Ottavia M. Delmonte, Scellig S. Stone, Michael J. Rivkin, Sung-Yun Pai, Todd Lyons, Robert P. Sundel, Victor W. Hsu, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Ivona Aksentijevich, Peter A. Nigrovic
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Profiling of aberrant DNA methylation in acute myeloid leukemia reveals subclasses of CG-rich regions with epigenetic or genetic association
Authors: Claudia Gebhard, Dagmar Glatz, Lucia Schwarzfischer, Julia Wimmer, Sebastian Stasik, Margit Nuetzel, Daniel Heudobler, Reinhard Andreesen, Gerhard Ehninger, Christian Thiede, Michael Rehli
Journal: Leukemia (2018)
Suspension state promotes metastasis of breast cancer cells by up-regulating cyclooxygenase-2
Authors: Xiaomei Zhang, Li Yang, Shu Chien, Yonggang Lv
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Hematogenous metastasis requires tumor cells to detach from primary tumor into blood/lymphatic circulation and extravasate.Tumor cells in the blood circulation system, named circulating tumor cells (CTCs), are in a suspension state, with unique cytoskeletal structure and molecular phenotype different from primary tumor cells.The aim of this study is to assess the impact of suspension state on the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells (BCCs) and study its underlying mechanism.Methods: BCCs were cultured on low-adhesion plates to mimic the suspension state.Conventional adherent culture BCCs were used as the control.This study examined the metastatic potential of adherent and suspension BCCs in vitro and in vivo.RNA sequencing analysis, siRNA, and inhibitors were used to determine the underlying molecular mechanism.Results: The suspension state significantly increased the metastatic potential of BCCs, but slightly suppressed their tumor growth.RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the suspension state resulted in an acquisition of unique molecular signature enriched in pro-metastatic and tumor-suppressive genes.Specifically, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), which encodes protein cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), was identified as a highly up-regulated gene in suspension state compared with adherent cultured BCCs.Inhibition of the catalytic activity of COX-2 by celecoxib markedly suppressed suspension-increased migration and invasion of BCCs.In addition, knock-down of COX-2 by siRNA reduced the experimental lung metastasis formation of suspension cultured BCCs, which was associated with a remarkable decrease in retention and survival of BCCs in lungs of mice in the early stage of metastasis.Activation of Ca 2+ /calcineurin (CaN)/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) pathway and disruption of cytoskeleton contributed to the COX-2 up-expression by suspension state.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that suspension state plays an important role in the metastatic potential of CTCs, and suggest a potential application of COX-2 inhibitor for anti-metastasis.
Nanoformulated ABT-199 to effectively target Bcl-2 at mitochondrial membrane alleviates airway inflammation by inducing apoptosis
Authors: Bao-Ping Tian, Fangyuan Li, Ruiqing Li, Xi Hu, Tian-Wen Lai, Jingxiong Lu, Yun Zhao, Yang Du, Zeyu Liang, Chen Zhu, Wei Shao, Wen Li, Zhi-Hua Chen, Xiaolian Sun, Xiaoyuan Chen, Songmin Ying, Daishun Ling, Huahao Shen
Journal: Biomaterials (2018)
A human anti-IL-2 antibody that potentiates regulatory T cells by a structure-based mechanism
Authors: Eleonora Trotta, Paul H. Bessette, Stephanie L. Silveria, Lauren K. Ely, Kevin M. Jude, Duy T. Le, Charles R. Holst, Anthony Coyle, Marc Potempa, Lewis L. Lanier, K. Christopher Garcia, Natasha K. Crellin, Isaac J. Rondon, Jeffrey A. Bluestone
Journal: Nature Medicine (2018)
RONC-11. EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT RADIOTHERAPY TECHNIQUES ON INCIDENTAL RADIATION DOSES TO THE WHOLE VENTRICULAR SYSTEM DURING FOCAL IRRADIATION FOR NON GERMINOMATOUS GERM CELL TUMOURS AFTER CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: Yasmin Lassen-Ramshad, Klaus Seiersen, Ian Gleeson, Anita Mahajan, Arnold Paulino, Thankamma Ajithkumar
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

In Europe, patients with localized nongerminomatous germ cell tumours (NGGCT) are treated with focal radiotherapy. It is not sure whether this approach leads to excess periventricular recurrences in patients with a germinomatous component in the tumour. Data suggest that a dose of 20 Gy may be sufficient to control microscopic geminomatous disease. We evaluated the dose received to the whole ventricular system (WVS) using different techniques when delivering 54 Gy to the tumourbed. MATERIALS AND The WVS was delineated on the treatment planning CT of five patients diagnosed with NGGCT (2 pineal, 2 suprasellar and one bifocal). All patients had received proton radiotherapy following chemotherapy. We generated five photon plans: two coplanar, one noncoplanar and one tomotherapy plan. For the purpose of comparison the original proton radiotherapy plans were slightly modified. Mean WVS dose and the WVS volume receiving 20 Gy (V20) were analysed. Mean WVS dose with photons was 37 Gy [range 27-47] (coplanar: 35 Gy [27-41], noncoplanar: 38 Gy [33-43], tomotherapy: 40 Gy [34-47]) and with protons 35 Gy [28-42]. The WVS V20 was 78 % [range 58-90] with photons (coplanar: 73% [56-90], noncoplanar: 81% [73-90], tomotherapy: 88% [71-100]) and 68 % [55-80] with protons. The unintentional WVS dose varies between the different treatment techniques. Careful pattern of failure studies correlated with radiation dosimetry and clinical-pathological features are needed to define the role of WVS irradiation in NGGCTS.
Observational study of comparative effectiveness of nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine vs gemcitabine plus cisplatin or gemcitabine alone for the first-line treatment of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma in the University Hospital Centre Zagreb
Authors: J. Prejac, I. Goršić, M. Vidović, H. Golem, D. Kekez, N. Librenjak, S. Pleština
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)

Introduction: The goal of this non-randomized, retrospective, and observational study was to assess the efficacy of three different first-line chemotherapy regimens in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer. Methods: Data were retrieved on 139 patients (pts) who were treated for metastatic pancreatic cancer in the University Hospital Centre Zagreb between January 1st, 2015 and March 1st, 2018. Pts were treated with nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (Nab-Gem), gemcitabine plus cisplatin (Cis-Gem), or gemcitabine alone (Gem). Median age at the time of the beginning of therapy was 62 yrs in the Nab-Gem group (n = 45), 64.4 yrs in the Cis-Gem group (n = 19), and 70 yrs in the Gem group (n = 75). Results: The median duration of treatment for Nab-Gem, Cis-Gem, and Gem regimens was 23.1, 24.7, and 12.9 weeks (w), respectively. Multivariate analyses tested influence of prognostic factors on treatment duration. In accordance with previous studies, for the pts treated with Nab-Gem the duration of treatment was negatively correlated with age (p < 0.05). The same age-dependent relationship was not observed in the Cis-Gem and Gem groups. Pts treated with Nab-Gem showed significant difference in terms of time to failure of treatment when analyzed for the two age groups separately, <65 and >65 yrs of age. The <65 group received chemotherapy for the median duration of 57.1 w compared to the >65 group which was treated with Nab-Gem for median of 21.5 w. No significant sex-dependent difference was found in regard to duration of treatment in any of the three treatment regimen groups. Conclusion: With regards to the above limitations of the study, we conclude that, for pts younger than 65 y, Nab-Gem is an effective chemotherapy regimen with significant clinical effect. Furthermore, for selected patients, a combined use of Cis-Gem is superior to Gem alone in the first-line treatment for metastatic pancreatic cancer.