tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Role of Slovenian Medical Chamber Ethics Committe in Education of Gastrointestinal Endoscopists in Slovenia to Solve Ethical Problems in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Authors: D Dajčman
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Background: A medical chamber ethics committee (MCEC) is an organized body of people, convented to identify, analyze and help resolve moral problems that arise in the care of patients in Slovenia. Slovenian endoscopists believe that MCEC is an advisory body of great help to their speciality, but it' role is not clear and there is a need for education in this field. The aim of this abstract is to represent a role of Slovenian MCEC to educate endoscopist in ethical problems.
Abstract P148: Urotensin II Impairs Cardiac Functions and Proliferation of Cardiac Side Population Cells in Mice During Chronic Pressure Overload.
Authors: Yunzeng Zou, Hui Gong, Hong Ma, Guoping Zhang, Zhidan Chen, Guoliang Jiang, Chunjie Yang, Yuan Yan, Jie Yuan, Lei Li, Jian Wu, Junbo Ge
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Urotensin II (UII), a potent vasoactive “somatostatin-like” peptide, has been known to play a role in cardiovascular diseases including cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. But its effect on cardiac side population cells (CSPs), one of somatic stem cells in the heart potentially participating in cardiac protection after injury, is unclear. The present study was therefore conducted to examine influences of UII on the differentiation, proliferation and function of CSPs. CSPs were isolated from neonatal rat hearts by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and cultured in the absence or at the presence of UII. The expressions of alpha-cardiac myosin heavy chain, alpha-smooth muscle actin and Von Willebrand factor at mRNAs and protein levels were analyzed by reverse transcriptional PCR (RT-PCR) and immunofluoresence to evaluate the differentiation of CSPs into cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, respectively. The proliferation of CSPs was assessed by Luminescent Cell Viability Assay. The influence of UII on the proliferation of CSPs in vivo was also evaluated by FACS. Our results revealed that UII did inhibit the proliferation of CSPs through up-regulation of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK), although it didn’t affect the differentiation of cultured CSPs into cardiaomyocytes, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. In vivo experiments also showed that injection of UII reduced the number of CSPs and impaired cardiac functions compared with vehicle injection in mice subjected to a chronic pressure overload, and an UII antagonist urantide induced a preserved cardiac function with an increased number of CSPs. These data indicate that UII reduces the number of CSPs by inhibiting the proliferation of CSPs possibly through increase of JNK phosphorylation, and blockage of UII may be a useful strategy for cardiac protection in the hypertensive.
Distribution of genetic variants detected via next-generation sequencing in an international private practice.
Authors: Tsing Tsao, Jackie Yen, Mona Varia, Doreen Chek Yee Tan, Delly Fareda Jumaat, Raluca Kurz, Edward D. Esplin, Steven Tucker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e13032 Background: Recent advances in NGS increase the accessibility and affordability of germline genomic diagnostic testing in cancer care. Singapore, a multi-ethnic society, is a destination for patients with medical needs across Asia. Despite the availability of NGS testing, questions remain about the interpretation of results in patients from the developing world. Methods: A total of 91 patients were seen at a Singapore based centre. All patients provided a 3-generation pedigree and received pre/post test counselling. After informed consent, patients provided samples for NGS multiplexed panels. Samples were analyzed in a US-based CAP & CLIA certified laboratory for assessment of germline variants. Results: All 91 patients (22 male/69 female; median age 45) were successfully sequenced. Pathogenic variants (PV) were identified in 11.0% (10/91) of patients and variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were reported in 39.6% (36/91). PV’s seen include BRCA1 (3), BRCA2 (2) and 1 each for BRIP1, MUTYH, MLH1, APC and FANCC. The frequency of PV in Non-Caucasians (NC) was 9.4% (3/32) and in Caucasians (C) was 11.9% (7/59). The frequency of VUS in NC and C was 62.5% and 27.1% respectively. A personal history of cancer was seen in 38/91 cases. PV and VUS were seen in 18.4% and 44.7% of these respectively. Of the 91 cases, 27 had a personal history of breast cancer, of which 18.5% and 48.1% harboured PV and VUS. Four of five PV’s were seen in triple negative breast cancer. For patients with only a family history of cancer (32/91), PV and VUS rates were 9.7% and 45.2%. Conclusions: Discrepancies in VUS findings across C and NC may be due to reliance on original database repositories from large sequencing projects that contain a preponderance of individuals of Northern European/Caucasian ancestry. The frequency of PV’s in our study mirrors results from larger academic programs (Lincoln et al - 12.5%, Hartman et al - 13.2%) and highlights the need to implement updated guidelines for NGS evaluation for patients with a personal/family history of cancer. Clinicians should be prepared to discuss the implications and limitations of VUS to NC's. Rapid communication of updated VUS data in NC populations would aid clinical decision-making.
Targeted sequencing in a phase III trial of luminal breast cancer: Identification of novel targets.
Authors: John Bartlett, Irina Kalatskaya, Fouad Yousif, Jane Bayani, Quang M Trinh, Lawrence Heisler, Lee Timms, Shawna Lee, Nicholas Buchner, Marija Milacic, Karen Rothfels, Cheryl Crozier, Camilla Drake, Annette Hasenburg, Dirk G Kieback, Daniel Rea, John McPherson, Paul Christopher Boutros, Lincoln D Stein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

505 Background: The International Cancer Genome Consortium and The Cancer Genome Atlas have had a global transformative impact on our understanding of cancer. These programs have mapped the genomic landscape of common and rare tumors setting the scene for a comprehensive change in the approach to cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, the task remains incomplete until these mutational events are linked to clinical outcomes in the context of current therapeutic intervention to drive future stratified medicine approaches. Methods: We performed targeted sequencing in patients from the Tamoxifen Exemestane Adjuvant Multicentre trial. DNA was extracted and a 101 gene panel analysed using a novel mutation calling pipeline. Both a priori and machine learning analyses were performed using distant recurrence free survival as the primary endpoint. Results: In 1,491 successfully analyzed samples 1,070 (71.76%) samples exhibited at least one single nucleotide mutation (range 0-94, 1.828+/-0.133, mean+/-s.e.). 98/101 genes were mutated in at least one patient. Only variants in PIK3CA, TP53, MLL3, CDH1 were detected in 5% or more of samples. Twenty genes were associated with increased risk of recurrence in multivariate analyses corrected for clinic-pathological variables, 50% of these genes were involved in transcriptional regulation or RNA/protein processing. In a multivariate analysis, two combined signalling modules were independently prognostic for residual risk following hormone therapy (HRvalidation 3.10 95%CI 1.78-5.40 and HRvalidation 2.70 95%CI 1.57-4.64). Conclusions: We successfully performed a signalling pathway-based targeted sequencing analysis within predefined signalling modules. In supervised and unsupervised analyses we identified multiple signalling cassettes linked to poor outcome in patients with ER+ve breast cancers treated with modern endocrine therapy in the context of a phase III clinical trial. These results identify novel candidates as targets to treat endocrine refractory breast cancers.
Change over Time of Transcranial Doppler Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity and the Relationship with Turbulence on Magnetic Resonance Angiography in Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia.
Authors: Krishna Kotecha, Mara Prengler, Dawn E. Saunders, Deborah K.M. Hewes, Fenella J. Kirkham, Telfer Paul
Journal: Blood (2005)
Is bevacizumab therapy safe in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) and self-expandable metal stents (SEMS)?
Authors: Vilma Pacheco Barcia, Rebeca Mondéjar Solís, Olga Martínez Saez, Federico Longo Muñoz, Olga Donnay Candil, Andres Moreno Monteagudo Jose, Reyes González Expósito, Ramon Colomer Bosch
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
CORALLEEN: A phase 2 clinical trial of chemotherapy or letrozole plus ribociclib as neoadjuvant treatment for postmenopausal patients with luminal B/HER2-negative breast cancer.
Authors: Joaquín Gavilá, Cristina Saura, Mafalda Oliveira, Vanesa Ortega, Rafael Lopez, Eva M. Ciruelos, Xavier Gonzalez, Katrin Zaragoza, Alexandra Pelaez Rivas, Lorena de La Pena, Aleix Prat
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

TPS594 Background: Dysregulation of cyclin D-CDK4/6-Rb pathway is associated with endocrine resistance in hormone receptor–positive (HR+) breast cancer. Recently, a CDK4/6 inhibitor has shown unprecedented efficacy in metastatic disease, leading to its regulatory approval. Several others are currently in clinical development for the management of HR+ breast cancer in the early and advanced settings. However, it is vital to gain insights into the molecular and biological effects of this class of agents and could identify patients who can benefit the most, delaying or avoiding the use of chemotherapy.The neoadjuvant setting provides an ideal scenario to carry out these investigations. Hence, we propose to conduct an exploratory study to evaluate the biological effects and the efficacy of ribociclib in patients with primary luminal B tumors.We hypothesize that the combination of ribociclib plus letrozole may offer clinical benefit in the preoperative setting. Methods: This is a parallel, multicenter, two-arm, randomized exploratory study in postmenopausal women with primary operable HR+/HER2-negative Luminal B breast cancer designed to evaluate the clinical benefit of ribociclib plus letrozole. Eligibility includes stage I-III operable breast cancer, Luminal B by PAM50, ECOG 0-1. They will be randomized 1:1 to receive either six 28-days cycles of ribociclib (600mg; 3-weeks-on/1-week-off) plus daily letrozole (2.5mg) or chemotherapy: four cycles of AC (doxorubicin 60 mg/m 2 , cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m 2 every 21 days) followed by weekly paclitaxel during 12 weeks. Baseline, Day 15 on-treatment, and surgical specimens will be collected for molecular characterization and evaluation of response (decrease in Ki67, change to ROR low disease) The primary endpoint is the rate of Residual Cancer Burden (RCB) per MD Anderson Cancer Center procedures. A rate of RCB 0 and 1 score at surgery, with a rank between 20% to 25% with 47 evaluable patients by group of treatment will offer a precision between 11.5% and 12.4%, respectively (95%CI). Ninety-four patients will be enrolled in 20 sites across Spain.
Inhibition of GSK-3 Signalling Enhances Sensitivity of Non-Promyelocitic Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Cell to Chemotherapy
Authors: Paul Takam Kamga, Giada Dal Collo, Adriana Cassaro, Annalisa Adamo, Alessandro Gatti, Roberta Carusone, Mariano Di Trapani, Martina Midolo, Federica Resci, Massimiliano Bonifacio, Mauro Krampera
Journal: Blood (2016)
Medical Treatment of Nocturia in Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Systematic Review by the European Association of Urology Guidelines Panel for Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Authors: Vasileios I. Sakalis, Markos Karavitakis, Dina Bedretdinova, Thorsten Bach, J.L.H. Ruud Bosch, Mauro Gacci, Christian Gratzke, Thomas R. Herrmann, Stephan Madersbacher, Charalampos Mamoulakis, Kari A.O. Tikkinen, Stavros Gravas, Marcus J. Drake
Journal: European Urology (2017)
Quantitative p95HER2 and HER2 correlations with outcome in the FinHer trial
Authors: Jeff Sperinde, Weidong Huang, Aki Vehtari, Ahmed Chenna, Pirkko-Liisa Kellokumpu-Lehtinen, John Winslow, Petri Bono, Yolanda Lie, Jodi Weidler, Heikki Joensuu
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)
Respiratory syncytial virus in adults with severe acute respiratory illness in a high HIV prevalence setting
Authors: Jocelyn Moyes, Sibongile Walaza, Marthi Pretorius, Michelle Groome, Anne von Gottberg, Nicole Wolter, Sumayya Haffejee, Ebrahim Variava, Adam L. Cohen, Stefano Tempia, Kathleen Kahn, Halima Dawood, Marietjie Venter, Cheryl Cohen, Shabir A. Madhi
Journal: Journal of Infection (2017)
Endoscopic Haemostasis of Staple-Line Haemorrhage Following Colorectal Surgery
Authors: AH Malik, GN Buchanan, RH Kennedy
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Aims: Whilst uncommon, anastomotic haemorrhage following colorectal resection can be a clinical problem. This paper reports the treatment of postoperative anastomotic haemorrhage which occurred in 0.8% of patients, describing an endoscopic technique of haemostasis.
Effects of NSAIDs on myocardial infarction may be overestimated
Authors: Stephen J Evans
Journal: BMJ (2017)

The study by Bally and colleagues on the risk of myocardial infarction in people taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) confirms some things that we know from other studies, including randomised trials.1 But the reporting of this study and its interpretation may have some flaws.

The abstract does not make …
Heterogeneous spectrum of childhood and adult SHH medulloblastoma: Clinical, radiogenomic features, patterns of failure and survival.
Authors: Rakesh Jalali, Archya Dasgupta, Neelam Shirsat, Epari Sridhar, Sona Pungavkar, Girish Chinnaswamy, Jayant Sastri, Rahul Krishnatry, Tejpal Gupta
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

2063 Background: To present SHH pathway driven medulloblastoma (MB) diversities in pediatric and adult patient populations. Methods: 60 patients with SHH-MB seen at our institute during 2009-2015. We assigned 22 predefined radiological features for all MB subgroups including SHH. Outcome data was retrieved from a prospectively maintained database. Results: Median age of entire cohort was 14 years (1-48 years). 29 were adults (a-SHH) and 31 were pediatric SHH (p-SHH). Radiological data available for 39 patients showed a-SHH having lateralised location in 72% cases. Distinct MRI features to predict SHH include mild/moderate contrast enhancement (90%), cystic changes (82%), edema (92%); identical in two age groups. We could predict SHH accurately 95% times. p-SHH were seen to have higher frequency of p53 mutations (70% vs 45%). At median follow-up of 37 months, 25 patients failed [isolated tumor bed (TB) in 10, TB and supratentorially in 2, cranium outside TB in 1, craniospinal in 5 (along with TB), extraneuraxial (ENM) in 5, second primary in 2 (lymphomas)]. 1 and 3 year DFS was 74% (p-SHH) vs 96% (a-SHH) and 58% vs 73% respectively (p-0.19). The failures seen in a-SHH were typically late (10/11 failed &gt; 22 months) as compared to p-SHH (12/14 failing &lt; 24 months). Also location of recurrences was different, with 7 of a-SHH failing at TB and rest 3 developed ENM. Ten of 13 in p-SHH failed beyond TB. Post- recurrence salvage was better in a-SHH compared to p-SHH, 1-year survival of 50% vs 19% (p-0.08). Overall survival at 1 and 3 year 84% and 55% for p-SHH and 100% and 88% for a-SHH respectively (p = 0.04). Histology and tumor location significantly correlated with OS. No significant correlation was seen with CSI dose or chemotherapy. Conclusions: SHH medulloblastoma have unique MRI features and can be predicted up to 95% times pre-operatively. Adult and pediatric SHH MB form extreme diverse groups with different patterns of failure reflecting different tumor kinetics. Adults fail primarily over TB after initial 2 years. Paediatric SHH follow aggressive course with early disseminated recurrences in 1st year. Different treatment modalities may be needed for pediatric and adult SHH MB.
Data from practices could enable earlier cancer diagnosis
Authors: Jane Feinmann
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Artificial intelligence is transforming the NHS’ ability to deliver high quality cancer care—with the latest plan enabling routine data to support GPs in diagnosing the disease as early as possible.

That was the prediction from Jem Rashbass, director of National Disease Registration and Cancer Analysis at Public Health England, who was speaking at a meeting entitled Real World Evidence in Oncology in London last week. The meeting was organised by the health IT company Quintiles IMS.

Rashbass described the National Cancer Intelligence Network as a “phenomenal resource” that is the “largest and most sophisticated health data collection system in the world [and which] is now at the centre of cancer care in the NHS.”

The network was set …
Meat allergy associated with galactosyl‐α‐(1,3)‐galactose (α‐Gal)—Closing diagnostic gaps by anti‐α‐Gal IgE immune profiling
Authors: U. Jappe, S. Minge, B. Kreft, A. Ludwig, B. Przybilla, A. Walker, R. Varga, P. Seidel, T. Biedermann, W. Anemüller, A. Kromminga, F. Ruëff, H. Merk, N. Wagner, R. Treudler, M. Worm, I. Waldmann, J. Saloga, W. M. Becker, T. Goldmann, T. A. Platts‐Mills, A. Homann
Journal: Allergy (2017)

Glycoproteins and glycolipids of some mammalian species contain the disaccharide galactosyl-α-(1,3)-galactose (α-Gal). It is known that α-Gal is immunogenic in humans and causes glycan-specific IgG and also IgE responses with clinical relevance. α-Gal is part of the IgE-reactive monoclonal therapeutic antibody cetuximab (CTX) and is associated with delayed anaphylaxis to red meat. In this study, different α-Gal-containing analytes are examined in singleplex and multiplex assays to resolve individual sensitization patterns with IgE against α-Gal.Three serum groups, α-Gal-associated meat allergy (MA) patients, idiopathic anaphylaxis (IA) patients with suspected MA, and non-meat-allergic healthy control individuals (HC), were analyzed via singleplex allergy diagnostics and a newly established immunoblot diagnostic system. The new dot blot detection system resolved individual IgE sensitization profiles for α-Gal-containing analytes CTX, bovine thyroglobulin (Bos d TG), and human serum albumin (HSA)-conjugated α-Gal.Singleplex allergy diagnostics using the α-Gal analytes CTX and Bos d TG confirms the history of MA patients in 91% and 88% of the cases, respectively. A novel dot blot-based assay system for the detection of IgE against α-Gal reveals individual IgE sensitization profiles for α-Gal-containing analytes. An α-Gal-associated IgE cross-reactivity profile (IgE against CTX, Bos d TG, and HSA-α-Gal) was identified, which is associated with MA.Detection of individual sensitization patterns with different α-Gal-containing analytes provides the basis for an individual allergy diagnosis for α-Gal-sensitized patients. Higher amounts of α-Gal in pork and beef innards compared to muscle meat as indicated by a higher staining intensity are a plausible explanation for the difference in allergic symptom severity.
Proof of Merit in New Diet Therapy Against Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma: Applying Specific Amino Acid Dependency of Leukemia/Lymphoma Cells
Authors: Tomohiro Ishigaki, Yuki Taya, Satoshi Yamazaki, Seiichiro Kobayashi, Nobuhiro Ohno, Kaoru Uchimaru, Arinobu Tojo, Hiromitsu Nakauchi
Journal: Blood (2016)
Risk of Primary Tumor Sidedness as a Criterion for Screening, Diagnostic Colonoscopy, and Surveillance Intervals
Authors: Martin C. S. Wong, John C. T. Wong
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Effect of Emphysema Extent on Serial Lung Function in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Vincent Cottin, David M. Hansell, Nicola Sverzellati, Derek Weycker, Katerina M. Antoniou, Mark Atwood, Gerry Oster, Klaus-Uwe Kirchgaessler, Harold R. Collard, Athol U. Wells
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2017)

Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema may have artificially preserved lung volumes.In this post hoc analysis, we investigated the relationship between baseline emphysema and fibrosis extents, as well as pulmonary function changes, over 48 weeks.Data were pooled from two phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of IFN-γ-1b in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (GIPF-001 [NCT00047645] and GIPF-007 [NCT00075998]). Patients with Week 48 data, baseline high-resolution computed tomographic images, and FEV1/FVC ratios less than 0.8 or greater than 0.9 (<0.7 or >0.9 in GIPF-007), as well as randomly selected patients with ratios of 0.8-0.9 and 0.7-0.8, were included. Changes from baseline in pulmonary function at Week 48 were analyzed by emphysema extent. The relationship between emphysema and fibrosis extents and change in pulmonary function was assessed using multivariate linear regression.Emphysema was identified in 38% of patients. A negative correlation was observed between fibrosis and emphysema extents (r = -0.232; P < 0.001). In quartile analysis, patients with the greatest emphysema extent (28 to 65%) showed the smallest FVC decline, with a difference of 3.32% at Week 48 versus patients with no emphysema (P = 0.047). In multivariate analyses, emphysema extent greater than or equal to 15% was associated with significantly reduced FVC decline over 48 weeks versus no emphysema or emphysema less than 15%. No such association was observed for diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide or composite physiologic index.FVC measurements may not be appropriate for monitoring disease progression in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema extent greater than or equal to 15%.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided methylene blue injection to achieve bile duct cannulation after failed ERCP
Authors: Carlos Rodríguez-Escaja, Claudia Consiglieri, Joan Gornals
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biliary drainage is an increasingly popular technique for cases of previously unsuccessful endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). It has good results in expert hands, but is a challenging procedure with a significant rate of adverse events [1].
Glucose-regulated protein 78 autoantibody associates with blood-brain barrier disruption in neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Fumitaka Shimizu, Kristin L. Schaller, Gregory P. Owens, Anne C. Cotleur, Debra Kellner, Yukio Takeshita, Birgit Obermeier, Thomas J. Kryzer, Yasuteru Sano, Takashi Kanda, Vanda A. Lennon, Richard M. Ransohoff, Jeffrey L. Bennett
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2017)

An autoantibody target on brain microvascular endothelial cells in patients with neuromyelitis optica may be exploited to manipulate blood-brain barrier permeability.