tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TCT-345 Functional Status after Transcatheter and Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement: A Two-Year Analysis from the SURTAVI Trial
Authors: Jeffrey J. Popma, Nicolas Van Mieghem, Michael J. Reardon, A. Pieter Kappetein, Steven Yakubov, G. Michael Deeb, Stanley Chetcuti, Mubashir Mumtaz, Hemal Gada, William Merhi, John Heiser, Patrick Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Patterns of mortality by occupation in the UK, 1991–2011: a comparative analysis of linked census and mortality records
Authors: Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Alastair H Leyland, Martin McKee, Kevin Ralston, David Stuckler
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2017)

BackgroundDetailed assessments of mortality by occupation are scarce. We aimed to assess mortality by occupation in the UK, differences in rates between England and Wales and Scotland, and changes over time in Scotland.MethodsWe analysed adults of working age (20–59 years) using linked census and death records. Main occupation was coded into more than 60 groups in the 2001 census, with mortality follow-up until Dec 31, 2011. Comparable occupation data were available for Scotland in 1991, allowing assessment of trends over time. We calculated age-standardised all-cause mortality rates (per 100 000 person-years), stratified by sex. We used Monte Carlo simulation to derive p values and 95% CIs for the difference in mortality over time and between England and Wales and Scotland.FindingsDuring 4·51 million person-years of follow-up, mortality rates by occupation differed by more than three times between the lowest and highest observed rates in both men and women. Among men in England and Wales, health professionals had the lowest mortality (225 deaths per 100 000 person-years [95% CI 145–304]), with low rates also shown in managers and teachers. The highest mortality rates were in elementary construction (701 deaths per 100 000 person-years [95% CI 593–809]), and housekeeping and factory workers. Among women, teachers and business professionals had low mortality, and factory workers and garment trade workers had high rates. Mortality rates have generally fallen, but have stagnated or even increased among women in some occupations, such as cleaners (337 deaths per 100 000 person years [95% CI 292–382] in 1991, rising to 426 deaths per 100 000 person years in 2001 [371–481]). Findings from simulation models suggested that if mortality rates by occupation in England and Wales applied to Scotland, 631 fewer men (95% CI 285–979; a 9·7% decrease) and 273 fewer women (26–513; 6·7% decrease) of working age would die in Scotland every year. Excess deaths in Scotland were concentrated among lower skilled occupations (eg, female cleaners).InterpretationMortality rates differ greatly by occupation. The excess mortality in Scotland is concentrated among low-skilled workers and, although mortality has improved in men and women in most occupational groups, some groups have experienced increased rates. Future research investigating the specific causes of death at the detailed occupational level will be valuable, particularly with a view to understanding the health implications of precarious employment and the need to improve working conditions in very specific occupational groups.FundingNone.
TCT-784 Evolution of TAVI over an seven-year period – a single-centre experience in 2,000 patients (TAVIK Registry)
Authors: Gerhard Schymik, Peter Bramlage, Valentin Herzberger, Jens Bergmann, Lars Conzelmann, Alexander Würth, Holger Schroefel, Claus Schmitt, Panagiotis Tzamalis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Abstract 288: Novel Mechanisms of Non-coding Genomic Regulation Identified in Cardiac Disease-in-a-dish Models
Authors: Aditya Kumar, Stephanie Thomas, Kirsten Wong, Kevin Tenerelli, Valentina Lo Sardo, William Ferguson, Eric Topol, Kristin Baldwin, Adam Engler
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Genome-wide association studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at gene loci that affect cardiovascular function, and while mechanisms in protein-coding loci are obvious, those in non-coding loci are difficult to determine. 9p21 is a recently identified locus associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction. Associations have implicated SNPs in altering smooth muscle and endothelial cell properties but have not identified adverse effects in cardiomyocytes (CMs) despite enhanced disease risk. Using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived CMs from patients that are homozygous risk/risk (R/R) and non-risk/non-risk (N/N) for 9p21 SNPs and either CAD positive or negative, we assessed CM function when cultured on hydrogels capable of mimicking the fibrotic stiffening associated with disease post-heart attack, i.e. “heart attack-in-a-dish” stiffening from 11 kiloPascals (kPa) to 50 kPa. While all CMs independent of genotype and disease beat synchronously on soft matrices, R/R CMs cultured on dynamically stiffened hydrogels exhibited asynchronous contractions and had significantly lower correlation coefficients versus N/N CMs in the same conditions. Dynamic stiffening reduced connexin 43 expression and gap junction assembly in R/R CMs but not N/N CMs. To eliminate patient-to-patient variability, we created an isogenic line by deleting the 9p21 gene locus from a R/R patient using TALEN-mediated gene editing, i.e. R/R KO. Deletion of the 9p21 locus restored synchronous contractility and organized connexin 43 junctions. As a non-coding locus, 9p21 appears to repress connexin transcription, leading to the phenotypes we observe, but only when the niche is stiffened as in disease. These data are the first to demonstrate that disease-specific niche remodeling, e.g. a “heart attack-in-a-dish” model, can differentially affect CM function depending on SNPs within a non-coding locus.
Abstract 16324: Genetic Predisposition Influences Anticoagulation Control and Major Hemorrhage Among Warfarin Users
Authors: Aditi Shendre, Todd M Brown, Nianjun Liu, T M Beasley, Charles E Hill, Nita A Limdi
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Objective: Genetic variants in Cytochrome P450 2C9 ( CYP2C9 ) and Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1 ( VKORC1 ) are recognized predictors of warfarin dose. However, their influence on percent time in target range (PTTR; INR range 2-3), overanticoagulation (INR&gt;4) and risk of major hemorrhage have not been extensively evaluated. Herein, categorizing warfarin users possessing CYP2C9 (*2,*3,*5,*6,*11) and/or VKORC1 (-1639 C&gt;T) variants as sensitive responders, we evaluated whether sensitive responders (vs. normal) were more likely to have lower PTTR and a higher risk of overanticoagulation and major hemorrhage. Methods: The analysis included 1262 participants [310 sensitive responders (SR); 952 normal responders (NR)] in a warfarin pharmacogenetics inception cohort. The Rosendaal interpolation method was used to compute the PTTR, percent time above range (PTAR) and percent time below range (PTBR). Major hemorrhages included serious, life threatening and fatal bleeding events. The influence of responder status (SR vs. NR) on PTTR, PTBR, and PBAR was evaluated using linear regression, and overanticoagulation and hemorrhage by Cox proportional hazards analysis adjusting for clinical factors. Results: Participants were followed for an average of 1.4 (± 0.9) years; with 1799 person-years (pyr) accrued. There was no difference in PTTR between SRs (54.4% vs. 53.8%, p=0.66) compared to NRs. However SRs had higher PTAR (20.3% vs. 16.7%, p=0.005) and lower PTBR (25.2% vs. 29.5%, p=0.01) and were more likely to experience over-anticoagulation (HR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.23-1.56, p&lt;0.001). SRs had higher incidence of hemorrhage compared to NRs ((IRR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.04-2.08, p=0.03). After adjusting for clinical factors, SRs remained at a higher risk for hemorrhage (HR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.23-2.68, p=0.003). Conclusion: Warfarin users possessing CYP2C9 and/or VKORC1 variants are sensitive responders, spending higher percent of time above target INR range. These patients are more likely to experience overanticoagulation and major hemorrhagic events. Future research evaluating alterative treatment strategy including candidacy for the non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants is needed.
Patients with rectal cancer after treatment of prostate cancer: A single institutition experience.
Authors: Leslie S Anewenah, Christina Jen-Ya Wai, Steven J. Cohen, Elin R. Sigurdson, Joshua E. Meyer, Jeffrey M. Farma
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e15158 Background: Previous SEER studies has demonstrated that prostate cancer patients treated with radiation therapy have an increased risk of rectal cancer beginning approximately 5 years after prostate cancer treatment, but there are limited data on the treatment and outcomes of these patients. Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the presentation, treatment and survival of rectal cancer patients after prostate cancer treatment. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. We evaluated rectal cancer patients at a tertiary referral cancer center treated from 1990-2015 who had prostate cancer at least 6 months prior to diagnosis. Results: There were 53 rectal cancer patients diagnosed at a median age of 71 years (range 56-87). The median time to developing rectal cancer after prostate cancer was 5 years (range 0.5-16). Prostate cancer treatment included prostatectomy n = 14 (26.4%), radiation n = 36 (67.9%), hormonal therapy n = 2 (3.8%) or observation n = 1(1.9%). Thirty-two patients had clinical stage II/III rectal cancer, of these 6 (18.8%) received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Of the forty-six patients who underwent a surgical resection, 22 (41.5%) had an APR, 16 (30.2%) had a LAR and 8 (15.1%) had a local excision. An ostomy was required in 29 (63%) of these patients. Thirty patients received adjuvant therapy in the form of chemotherapy only 20 (66.7%), radiation therapy only 3 (10%) and combined therapies 7 (23.3%). Of note, five patients received neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy for their rectal cancer after prostate radiation, with 3 out of 5 (60%) experiencing complications. The overall recurrence rate was 15/46 (32.6%) with a median time to recurrence of 1.84 years, (range 0.9-13.2). Six recurrences (40%) were initially local and 9 (60%) were initially distant. Conclusions: Patients who develop rectal cancer after prostate cancer present a challenging clinical scenario. In our small subset of patients there was a high morbidity associated with surgical resection following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy after prostate cancer radiotherapy. Future research is warranted to investigate the best sequencing of combined modality treatment to ensure the best outcomes in these complex patients.
P2.03b-081 Comparison of Genomic Alterations Derived from Matched Tumor Tissue and Liquid Biopsy
Authors: Judith Müller-Eisert, Nicole Neumann, Sotirios Lakis, Christian Glöckner, Erika Mariotti, Maria Netchaeva, Johannes Heuckmann, Roopika Menon, Lukas Heukamp, Frank Griesinger
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Abstract 10772: Could Tolvaptan Protect Renal Function in the Early Postoperative Period After Cardiac Surgery?
Authors: Yuichiro Kishimoto, Yoshinobu Nakamura, Shingo Harada, Takeshi Ohnohara, Hiromu Horie, Tomohiro Kurashiki, Satoru Kishimoto, Suguru Shiraya, Munehiro Saiki, Motonobu Nishimura
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Tolvaptan (TV), a vasopressin V2 inhibitor, has a strong diuretic effect, which is beneficial for body fluid management in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). Several studies have reported that TV significantly reduces worsening renal function (WRF), which has recently been highlighted as an exacerbation factor in the treatment of AHF. We hypothesized that concomitant administration of TV with conventional diuretic treatment is beneficial for perioperative body fluid management in patients who have undergone cardiac surgery. In this study, we prospectively randomized the patients into the TV group, in which TV was administered in addition to conventional diuretics, and the control group, in which the patients received conventional diuretics only. Methods: A total of 176 patients who underwent cardiac surgery were divided into 2 groups, which were the TV group (TV + furosemide, 90 patients) and conventional diuretic treatment group (Control [C], furosemide with or without spironolactone, 86 patients). We compared urine output for 3 days after surgery, the time required to restore the preoperative body weight, and the incidence of WRF between the 2 groups. In the TV group, patients received TV 7.5mg/day orally starting on POD1 and continued to take TV up to POD 5. WRF was defined as a rise in the serum creatinine level (Cr) of ≥0.3 mg/dL. Results: The mean daily urine output from POD1 to POD 3 of the TV group (2672 ± 769 mL/day) was higher than that of the C group (2240 ± 529 mL/day) (p = 0.001). The time required to restore preoperative body weight was shorter in the TV group (3.8 ± 1.4 days) than in the C group (4.8 ± 2.0 days) (p=0.003). While the highest postoperative Cr of the TV group (1.01 ± 0.50 mg/dL) was the same as that of the C group (1.16 ± 0.91 mg/dL) (p=0.25), the incidence of WRF in the TV group (9 patients, 10%) was significantly lower than in the C group (24 patients, 28%) (p=0.007), which might indicate the protective effect of TV against WRF in the patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Conclusions: Administration of TV with conventional diuretics in the early postoperative period after cardiac surgery could be beneficial in maintaining urine output without affecting renal function, which may help to avoid WRF after cardiac surgery.
Facing redundancy
Authors: J. Firth
Journal: BMJ (1999)

In the mid-1990s the Calman report required all doctors entering the specialist registrar grade to obtain a national training number (NTN), but issuing numbers to existing registrars was not straightforward. In obstetrics and gynaecology, large numbers of registrars were given numbers to enter the grade, even though it was predicted that, at the end of their training, there would not necessarily be consultant posts for them to go to. Five years later, the implications of that decision have come home to roost. Far more doctors hold the certificate of completion of specialist training in obstetrics and gynaecology than there are consultant posts. While this problem is obviously political, it also has legal implications for employers.

Redundancy is a concept that was historically never associated with employment in the NHS, with its ever expanding needs. It has now become a real pos- sibility, with the consequences of an increased risk of claims for unfair dismissal and claims for statutory redundancy payments. However, there are several hurdles that an employee must clear in order to demonstrate the right to make a claim of unfair dismissal or the right to a redundancy payment.

Firstly, the right not to be unfairly dismissed and the right to a statutory redundancy payment arises only in respect of employees. There may be arguments as to whether a trainee in gynaecology has a contract of employment or merely one of training. In the case of Daley v Allied Suppliers 1983 the applicant was on a youth opportunities training programme sponsored by the respondents and was held to have a contract of training, with the work content being only secondary. The purpose of the contract was to enable the trainee to acquire experience and skills, and on this basis the applicant did not hold the status of an employee …
TCT-440 Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients with Prior Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Trends in Utilization and a Propensity-Score Matched Analysis of In-hospital Outcomes
Authors: Tanush Gupta, Sahil Khera, Dhaval Kolte, Kashish Goel, Ankur Kalra, Pedro Villablanca, Herbert Aronow, J. Dawn Abbott, Gregg Fonarow, Sammy Elmariah, Chet Rihal, Mario Garcia, Deepak Bhatt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
TCT-451 Shear stress analysis in multimodality imaging a sub-analysis of IBIS 4 study
Authors: Christos Bourantas, Lorenz Raber, Antonis Sakellarios, Alexios Karagiannis, Kyohei Yamaji, Taniwaki Masanori, Maria Radu, Aris Moschovitis, Michael Papafaklis, Dik Heg, Fanis Kalatzis, Katerina Naka, Dimitrios Fotiadis, Lampros Michalis, Patrick Serruys, Hector Garcia-Garcia, Stephan Windecker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Clinicopathologic features of 28 cases of nail matrix nevi (NMNs) in Asians: Comparison between children and adults
Authors: Jae Ho Lee, Youngkyoung Lim, Ji-Hye Park, Jong Hee Lee, Kee-Taek Jang, Eun Ji Kwon, Dong-Youn Lee
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2017)
TumorMap: Exploring the Molecular Similarities of Cancer Samples in an Interactive Portal
Authors: Yulia Newton, Adam M. Novak, Teresa Swatloski, Duncan C. McColl, Sahil Chopra, Kiley Graim, Alana S. Weinstein, Robert Baertsch, Sofie R. Salama, Kyle Ellrott, Manu Chopra, Theodore C. Goldstein, David Haussler, Olena Morozova, Joshua M. Stuart
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Vast amounts of molecular data are being collected on tumor samples, which provide unique opportunities for discovering trends within and between cancer subtypes. Such cross-cancer analyses require computational methods that enable intuitive and interactive browsing of thousands of samples based on their molecular similarity. We created a portal called TumorMap to assist in exploration and statistical interrogation of high-dimensional complex "omics" data in an interactive and easily interpretable way. In the TumorMap, samples are arranged on a hexagonal grid based on their similarity to one another in the original genomic space and are rendered with Google's Map technology. While the important feature of this public portal is the ability for the users to build maps from their own data, we pre-built genomic maps from several previously published projects. We demonstrate the utility of this portal by presenting results obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas project data. Cancer Res; 77(21); e111-4. ©2017 AACR.
TCT-159 First look at clinical outcomes of mechanically expanding transcatheter heart valves utilized for failed bioprosthetic aortic valves
Authors: Fausto Castriota, Joachim Schofer, Stephan Windecker, Roberto Nerla, Christian Frerker, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Nicolas Van Mieghem, Azeem Latib, Ole De Backer, Matheus Simonato dos Santos, Danny Dvir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Abstract 21337: Comparison of Cardiac Computerized Tomography Angiography and Transesophageal Echocardiography for Device Surveillance After Endovascular Left Atrial Appendage Closure
Authors: Sadia Qamar, Sabeena Jalal, Savvas Nicolau, Patrick McLaughlin, Michael Tsang, Jacqueline Saw
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Surveillance after left atrial appendage (LAA) closure is important to assess for device success and complications. There is limited data on the role of cardiac computerized tomography angiography (CCTA) for LAA device monitoring. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation who underwent LAA closure who had both trans-esophageal echocardiography (TEE) and CCTA performed post-LAA closure. Prospective cardiac-gated CCTA were performed with Toshiba 320-detector or Siemens 2nd generation 128-slice dual-source scanners. We assessed for residual contrast patency of the LAA by comparing linear attenuation coefficient (Hounsfield unit, HU) in the LAA and left atrium (LA) on CCTA. Residual contrast patency was categorized as due to peri-device leak (presence of ostial gap) or fabric leak (diffusion of contrast through device membrane). We also assessed for device compression, thrombus and pericardial effusion on CCTA. These were compared to TEE findings. Results: Sixty-one patients underwent CCTA at median 93.5d (1-267) post-LAA closure (55 WATCHMAN, 4 Amulet, 2 ACP). Post-procedural TEE was done at median 93d (0-289). The median age was 77.5yrs (60-88) and median CHADS-VASc score 4 (2-8). Procedural success was 100%. On TEE, the presence of any peri-device leak was 26 (41.9%), with &gt;3mm leak observed in 10/62 (16.1%), and &gt;5mm observed in none. The presence of residual contrast patency in the LAA was observed in 36/61 (59%) on CCTA, of these, 29 (80.5%) had peri-device leak, and 7 (19.4%) had fabric leak. The median linear attenuation coefficient in patients with residual contrast patency was 328 (133-652) HU, and all had &gt;100 HU in the LAA and HU attenuation ratio LA/LAA of &gt;0.25. Median maximum device compression was 5.7% in those with peri-device leak, and 19.4% (p=0.027) for those without peri-device leak on CCTA. Among patients with peri-device leak on CCTA, 89.6% had peri-device leak on TEE, with corresponding 93.8% sensitivity, 69.9% specificity, and AUC=0.82 (95% CI 0.72-0.93). Conclusions: CCTA is more sensitive than TEE for assessing peri-device leak after LAA closure. Greater device compression appears to be associated with lower incidence of peri-device leak.
Henry Francis Valentine Riddle
Authors: Pippa Riddle
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Henry Francis Valentine Riddle (“Val”) was born in Galashiels. After national service in the Royal Navy (1946-48), he studied at Liverpool University and obtained a BSc in biochemistry in 1951 and in physiology in 1952. He completed his PhD thesis on the respiratory muscles, their function, and integration in 1957 and followed this with MB ChB in 1959.

After marrying Pam in Liverpool in 1956, he moved to Dysart in Fife as a GP with specialist interests including dermatology and ophthalmology. He was principal from 1962 …
TCT-727 Propensity score matched all comers population treated with ultra-thin strut bare metal and sirolimus-probucol coated drug-eluting stents of identical stent architecture
Authors: Markus Florian Krackhardt, Matt Waliszewski, Christian Sperling, Tay Mok Heang, Mohd Ali Rosli, Behrouz Kherad, Pedro Sousa, Andre Schneider
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
LSD1 Inhibition Induces Differentiation and Reduces the Frequency of Leukemia-Initiating Cells in Hoxa9/Meis1-Induced Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Jessica Barth, Anna-Maria Scheder, Sebastian Mohr, Schulz-Fincke Johannes, Martin Schmitt, Alexandra Walter, Milica Tosic, Eric Metzger, Michael Lübbert, Manfred Jung, Hubert Serve, Roland Schüle, Tobias Berg
Journal: Blood (2016)
The Power of Regret
Authors: Jerome Groopman, Pamela Hartzband
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Interview with Drs. Pamela Hartzband and Jerome Groopman on how the possibility of regret can affect patients' decision making. (09:44)Download Despite the centrality of regret in medicine, studies have largely failed to capture its complexity and consequences. Many proposed instruments for measuring it fail to differentiate it from disappointment, and it is still largely absent from the medical curriculum.
TCT-348 Trends in Management and Outcomes of ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in the United States: Results from the National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Parasuram Krishnamoorthy, Akshaya Gopalakrishnan, Jalaj Garg, Janani Rangaswami, Sanjog Kalra, Vincent Figueredo, D. Lynn Morris
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)