tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Isokinetic strength assessment offers limited predictive validity for detecting risk of future hamstring strain in sport: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Brady Green, Matthew N Bourne, Tania Pizzari
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To examine the value of isokinetic strength assessment for predicting risk of hamstring strain injury, and to direct future research into hamstring strain injuries. Design Systematic review. Data sources Database searches for Medline, CINAHL, Embase, AMED, AUSPORT, SPORTDiscus, PEDro and Cochrane Library from inception to April 2017. Manual reference checks, ahead-of-press and citation tracking. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Prospective studies evaluating isokinetic hamstrings, quadriceps and hip extensor strength testing as a risk factor for occurrence of hamstring muscle strain. Methods Independent search result screening. Risk of bias assessment by independent reviewers using Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. Best evidence synthesis and meta-analyses of standardised mean difference (SMD). Results Twelve studies were included, capturing 508 hamstring strain injuries in 2912 athletes. Isokinetic knee flexor, knee extensor and hip extensor outputs were examined at angular velocities ranging 30–300°/s, concentric or eccentric, and relative (Nm/kg) or absolute (Nm) measures. Strength ratios ranged between 30°/s and 300°/s. Meta-analyses revealed a small, significant predictive effect for absolute (SMD=−0.16, P=0.04, 95% CI −0.31 to −0.01) and relative (SMD=−0.17, P=0.03, 95% CI −0.33 to −0.014) eccentric knee flexor strength (60°/s). No other testing speed or strength ratio showed statistical association. Best evidence synthesis found over half of all variables had moderate or strong evidence for no association with future hamstring injury. Summary/Conclusion Despite an isolated finding for eccentric knee flexor strength at slow speeds, the role and application of isokinetic assessment for predicting hamstring strain risk should be reconsidered, particularly given costs and specialised training required.
Abstract 18724: Stable and Synchronous Pacing Generated From the Tbx18-Induced Pacemaker Cells by Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Inhibition
Authors: Jun Li, Sandra Gonzalez, Jake Lehman, Hee Cheol Cho
Journal: Circulation (2016)

The pacemaker cells of the sinoatrial node (SAN) exhibit highly variable individual beating rates, and yet pace the heart in synchrony. We have previously demonstrated conversion of ventricular cardiomyocytes to induced pacemaker cells (iPCs) by Tbx18. However, the iPCs ceased to pace the heart in a short while. In the embryonic heart, Tbx18 not only directs the SAN development, but also mobilizes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in epicardial progenitors. We hypothesized that, during the conversion to iPCs, Tbx18 initiates both automaticity and EMT, and the EMT program runs counter to iPCs’ pacing function.  The iPCs were created by adenoviral gene transfer of human TBX18 to neonatal rat ventricular myocytes, while control myocytes were transduced with GFP alone (GFP-NRVMs). Cells that undergo EMT are known to migrate. Within 48hrs post-TBX18 gene transfer, significantly more iPCs exhibited a migratory behavior compared to GFP-NRVMs (216±12 vs. 28±4, p 2+  imaging confirmed synchronous Ca 2+  cycling in iPCs+A83, but not in iPCs, which correlated with increased Hcn4 expression at the transcript and protein levels (2.8- and 1.6-fold, respectively, p  Taken together, Tbx18-induced pacemaker cells generate durable and synchronous pacing upon inhibiting EMT. Our findings may give rise to biological pacemakers that are capable of long-term pacing.
P2.03b-025 Mutation Profile and Histology Subtype According to IASLC/ERS/ATC as Risk Factors for Brain Metastases in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Laura-Alejandra Ramirez-Tirado, Jorge-Negueb Martínez-Hernández, Enrique Caballe-Perez, Andrés Cardona, Oscar Arrieta
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Lower respiratory infections in early life are linked to later asthma
Authors: Theo J Moraes, Malcolm R Sears
Journal: Thorax (2017)

Asthma is the most prevalent chronic respiratory disease worldwide.1 While much progress has been made to understand the determinants of asthma, why a specific individual develops asthma is not entirely clear. Within this discussion, it should be noted that asthma is not a homogenous disease; that is to say, there are many (endo)types of asthma.2 In children, the most common pattern is a T2 exaggerated immune response with eosinophils, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13 playing important roles. While clearly asthma is a complex disease, some of the noise in the literature surrounding the determinants of asthma is a result of disease definition. The presence of wheezing or reduced FEV1 may represent a number of endotypes of asthma or indeed non-asthma phenotypes.

With this caveat in mind, it is clear that viral infections and allergic sensitisation are key factors associated with a diagnosis of asthma.3 Numerous epidemiological and experimental studies have provided this link. A popular paradigm postulates that recurrent respiratory viral infections at critical time periods of immune and lung development in childhood and infancy coupled with allergic sensitisation are associated with the development of asthma.4 What is often questioned is the direction of this association; is a child with an underlying asthma phenotype more likely to experience viral infections and develop allergy? Or is an otherwise healthy child who happens to get viral infections subsequently pushed into an asthma phenotype? Like many ‘either – or’ questions, the answer is likely ‘yes’; that is, either possibility or neither may be operational in different situations. Indeed, given that asthma is so heterogeneous, it is logical that there may be many ways to reach this diagnosis.

In Thorax …
Multimodal Theranostic Nanoformulations Permit Magnetic Resonance Bioimaging of Antiretroviral Drug Particle Tissue-Cell Biodistribution
Authors: Bhavesh D Kevadiya, Christopher Woldstad, Brendan M Ottemann, Prasanta Dash, Balasrinivasa R Sajja, Benjamin Lamberty, Brenda Morsey, Ted Kocher, Rinku Dutta, Aditya N Bade, Yutong Liu, Shannon E Callen, Howard S Fox, Siddappa N Byrareddy, JoEllyn M McMillan, Tatiana K Bronich, Benson J Edagwa, Michael D Boska, Howard E Gendelman
Journal: Theranostics (2017)

Long-acting slow effective release antiretroviral therapy (LASER ART) was developed to improve patient regimen adherence, prevent new infections, and facilitate drug delivery to human immunodeficiency virus cell and tissue reservoirs. In an effort to facilitate LASER ART development, "multimodal imaging theranostic nanoprobes" were created. These allow combined bioimaging, drug pharmacokinetics and tissue biodistribution tests in animal models.
QTWiST analysis to compare the benefit of Metronomic chemotherapy versus intravenous cisplatin for patients with Head and neck cancer
Authors: S.K. Parthiban, V. Noronha, A. Joshi, V. Patil, S. Dhumal, A. Chandrashekar, N. Pande, K. Prabhash
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
P2.05-043 Lung Tumor Motion Kilovoltage Intrafraction Monitoring (KIM): First Clinical Results
Authors: Chen-Yu Huang, Fiona Hegi-Johnson, Doan Nguyen, Ricky O'Brien, Kuldeep Makhija, Chun-Chien (Andy) Shieh, Eric Hau, Roland Yeghiaian-Alvandi, Sean White, Jeffrey Barber, Jianjie Luo, Shamira Cross, Benjamin Ng, Katherine Small, Paul Keall
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Abstract 20912: The Impact of Mitral Valve Disease on Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Outcome
Authors: Mobin Kheirkhahan, Alex Baher, Johannes Siebermair, Gagandeep Kaur, Benjamin A Steinberg, Frederick T Han, Mihail G Chelu, Nassir F Marrouche
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Mitral Valve Disease (MVD) is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) and can worsen its prognosis. Left Atrial (LA) fibrosis is a known substrate for AF and its extent affects the management. Hypothesis: We hypothesize MVD increases LA fibrosis in AF patients and the chance of AF ablation failure. Secondly, even in patients with low levels of LA fibrosis that are optimal candidates for ablation, presence of MVD still worsens the outcome. Methods: Patients were categorized in two groups: 140 patients had coexisting MVD and AF, and 100 patients AF without MVD. MVD was defined as any dysfunctionality of mitral valve including mitral stenosis, mitral regurgitation, and history of previous mitral valve surgery . LA fibrosis was quantified by Late Gadolinium Enhancement MRI (LGE-MRI). Baseline characteristics were gathered through chart reviewing. Following ablation, patients were followed for median of 71 months for AF recurrence. Results: Patients were 76.4 ± 10.7 years of age in MVD+AF group and 64.2 ± 14.7 in AF group (p &lt; 0.0001). Extent of LA fibrosis was 18.1% ± 9.3 and 10.3% ± 5.3 in MVD+AF and AF group, respectively (p &lt; 0.0001). The result of our statistical model adjusted for possible cofounders showed that coexistence of MVD in AF patients result in presence of 6.4% more LA fibrosis (p &lt; 0.00001) and lowered the chance of remaining AF free after the ablation (recurrence-free ratio of 0.554 vs 0.757 in MVD+AF and AF group respectively, P &lt; 0.05) (Figure 1). In patients with LA fibrosis less than 20% who would be ideal AF ablation candidate, the presence of MVD decreased the chance to remain AF free (0.574 vs 0.775 in MVD+AF and AF respectively, p &lt; 0.05) (Figure 2). Conclusions: MVD increases LA fibrosis in AF patients and the chance of AF recurrence post-ablation.
Systematic review on shared decision making for patients with lung cancer: Effects on distress and health care utilization.
Authors: Olaf Geerse, Mariken Stegmann, Huib A.M. Kerstjens, Thijo Jeroen Nicolaas Hiltermann, Marie Bakitas, Camilla Zimmermann, Allison Mary Deal, Marjolein Berger, Annette J. Berendsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

31 Background: Lung cancer is associated with significant distress, poor quality of life, and a median prognosis of less than one year. Shared decision making (SDM) has been recommended as a strategy to help guide patients facing difficult treatment trade-offs. Potential benefits of SDM include enhanced knowledge and better congruence between treatment decisions and patients’ personal values and have been described in multiple diseases. We investigated the impact of SDM on distress and healthcare utilization among patients with lung cancer. Methods: We performed a systematic literature search in the CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsychINFO databases. Studies were eligible when conducted among patients with lung cancer, evaluated SDM, and measured distress and/or health care utilization as outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: A total of 11 articles were identified: two retrospective cohort studies and nine articles reporting on eight randomized controlled trials. Overall, the risk of bias of included studies was low, except for a high risk of bias concerning blinding of participants or personnel. All studies reported on a broad supportive care intervention with SDM as a component of the intervention. No beneficial effect was found in five studies measuring generic distress, while one study reported beneficial effects on depression. There was conflicting evidence regarding the effects of SDM on healthcare utilization; of the seven studies analyzing this, five studies found evidence for a reduction in healthcare utilization. Conclusions: Although relevant, only scarce evidence is currently available on the effects of SDM on distress and healthcare utilization among patients with lung cancer. Thus, additional research is needed before SDM can be recommended in the lung cancer context.
2D and 3D Echocardiography-Derived Indices of Left Ventricular Function and Shape
Authors: Diego Medvedofsky, Francesco Maffessanti, Lynn Weinert, David M. Tehrani, Akhil Narang, Karima Addetia, Anuj Mediratta, Stephanie A. Besser, Elad Maor, Amit R. Patel, Kirk T. Spencer, Victor Mor-Avi, Roberto M. Lang
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2017)
GPs in Scotland to vote on contract offering partners guaranteed minimum income
Authors: Bryan Christie
Journal: BMJ (2017)

GPs in Scotland are being asked to vote on a new contract that aims to cut their workload, reduce their responsibility for practice premises, and offer a guaranteed minimum income to partners.1

The proposed contract is the result of months of negotiation between the BMA and the Scottish health department and has been described by doctors’ leaders as “historic.” It is designed to reduce pressures on GPs and tackle recruitment and retention problems.

Some …
CD22-targeted CAR T cells induce remission in B-ALL that is naive or resistant to CD19-targeted CAR immunotherapy
Authors: Terry J Fry, Nirali N Shah, Rimas J Orentas, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Constance M Yuan, Sneha Ramakrishna, Pamela Wolters, Staci Martin, Cindy Delbrook, Bonnie Yates, Haneen Shalabi, Thomas J Fountaine, Jack F Shern, Robbie G Majzner, David F Stroncek, Marianna Sabatino, Yang Feng, Dimiter S Dimitrov, Ling Zhang, Sang Nguyen, Haiying Qin, Boro Dropulic, Daniel W Lee, Crystal L Mackall
Journal: Nature Medicine (2017)
Endoscopic subtypes of colorectal laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) and the risk of submucosal invasion: a meta-analysis
Authors: Roel Bogie, Manon Veldman, Luc Snijders, Bjorn Winkens, Tonya Kaltenbach, Ad Masclee, Takahisa Matsuda, Eveline Rondagh, Roy Soetikno, Shinji Tanaka, Han-Mo Chiu, Silvia Sanduleanu-Dascalescu
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Abstract Background and study aims Many studies have reported on laterally spreading tumors (LSTs), but systematic reviews of the data to determine their risk of containing submucosal invasion (SMI) are lacking. We systematically screened and analyzed the available literature to provide a more solid basis for evidence-based treatment. Methods We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus for published articles until July 2017. We estimated pooled prevalence or odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs), using random-effects models. We classified endoscopic subtypes into granular LST, which comprises the homogeneous and nodular mixed subtypes, and non-granular LST, which comprises the flat elevated and pseudodepressed subtypes. Results We identified 2949 studies, of which 48 were included. Overall, 8.5 % (95 %CI 6.5 % – 10.5 %) of LSTs contained SMI. The risk of SMI differed among the LST subtypes: 31.6 % in non-granular pseudodepressed LSTs (95 %CI 19.8 % – 43.4 %), 10.5 % in granular nodular mixed LSTs (95 %CI 5.9 % – 15.1 %), 4.9 % in non-granular flat elevated LSTs (95 %CI 2.1 % – 7.8 %), and 0.5 % in granular homogenous LSTs (95 %CI 0.1 % – 1.0 %). SMI was more common in distally rather than in proximally located LSTs (OR 2.50, 95 %CI 1.24 – 5.02). The proportion of SMI increased with lesion size (10 – 19 mm, 4.6 %; 20 – 29 mm, 9.2 %; ≥ 30 mm, 16.5 %). The pooled prevalence of patients with one or more LSTs in the general colonoscopy population was 0.8 % (95 %CI 0.6 % – 1.1 %). Conclusion The majority of LSTs are non-invasive at the time of colonoscopic detection and can be treated with (piecemeal) endoscopic mucosal resection. Pretreatment diagnosis of endoscopic subtype, specifying areas of concern (nodule or depression), determines those LSTs at highest risk of containing SMI, where en bloc resection is the preferred therapy.
Cabazitaxel plus prednisolone with primary prophylaxis with pegfilgrastim (PEG) in Japanese patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: An open label prospective phase 2 study
Authors: H. Uemura, T. Kosaka, M. Sumitomo, K. Harada, M. Sugimoto, N. Hayashi, K. Yoshimura, S. Fukasawa, E.B. Ecstein-Fraisse, Y. Sunaga, M. Oya
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Sofosbuvir, pegylated interferon, and ribavirin for retreatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 1b following sofosbuvir and ledipasvir failure
Authors: Chetan Kalal, Akash Shukla, Ravi Mohanka, Mihir Vora, Priyesh Patel, Samir Shah
Journal: Hepatology (2017)

Kalal, Chetan*,1; Shukla, Akash1; Mohanka, Ravi1; Vora, Mihir1; Patel, Priyesh1; Shah, Samir1 Author Information
P3.04-045 Primary Lung Cancer Presenting as Pneumothorax
Authors: Fadil Gradica, Lutfi Lisha, Flora Gradica, Dhimitraq Argjiri, Valbona Rexha, Sali Gradica, Alma Cani, Fahri Kokici, Perlat Kapisyzi, Elton Bollano
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
P3.02b-025 Rapid and Highly Sensitive EGFRdelEx19 and KRAS Exon 2 Mutation Detection in EBUS-TBNA Specimen of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Filiz Oezkan, Thomas Herold, Kaid Darwiche, Wilfried Eberhardt, Daniel Christoph, Karl Worm, Lutz Freitag, Kurt Schmid, Thomas Hager, Frank Breitenbuecher, Martin Schuler
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
In vitro – in vivo correlations for nicotine transdermal delivery systems evaluated by both in vitro skin permeation (IVPT) and in vivo serum pharmacokinetics under the influence of transient heat application
Authors: Soo Hyeon Shin, Sherin Thomas, Sam G. Raney, Priyanka Ghosh, Dana C. Hammell, Samer S. El-Kamary, Wilbur H. Chen, M. Melissa Billington, Hazem E. Hassan, Audra L. Stinchcomb
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2017)
Abstract 19825: Left Atrial Appendage Sizing for Closure - The Impact of Volume Loading
Authors: Angela McInerney, Hafiz Hussein, Brendan McAdam, David Foley
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Left atrial appendage (LAA) closure is an accepted alternative to oral anticoagulation in patients with non valvular AF at high risk of bleeds. Efficacy of the device requires a good ...
Is it possible for caregivers to administer subcutaneous hydration to patients with advanced cancer at home? Feasibility and perceptions.
Authors: Monica Grez, Pedro Perez-Cruz, Alfredo Rodriguez-Nunez, Francisca Villouta, Carolina Jaña, Armando Maldonado, Eduardo Bruera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

82 Background: Loss of oral route is common in patients with advanced cancer, particularly during end-of-life (EOL). EOL hydration may prevent the onset of symptoms associated with dehydration, mainly delirium, or decrease the severity of symptoms when they are present. Subcutaneous hydration (SCH) is the best way to hydrate the patients at home although it is infrequently used. Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of receiving SCH at home administered by caregivers without previous experience and their subsequent perceptions. Methods: A prospective study of 52 patients with advanced cancer enrolled in a Home Palliative Care Program and their primary caregivers. Caregivers of patients were trained in SCH administration at home. Telephone controls were performed at 48 hours and at 7 days to assess adherence and complications. One month after the death, a survey to explore caregiver perceptions of SCH was performed. Results: Fifty-two patients were included, the median days with SCH were 12 (2-173) and 100% were able to maintain SCH for all the time indicated or until the patient died. The proportion of caregivers who reported that administering SCH had been easy or very easy were 35 (78%) and 26 (96%) at 48 hrs and at seven days, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, caregiver demographics were not associated with finding administration of SCH easy (Table 1). Adverse effects were mild and infrequent. Four weeks after the death, 98% (95% CI 0.88-0.99) of the caregivers reported that it was useful to have administered SCH to their relative.Conclusions: It is feasible to administer SCH to patients who are at home, by caregivers with no prior experience. Implement this technique at home will allow us to decrease the percentage of patients with dehydration at the EOL and to decrease the complications of being dehydrated. [Table: see text]
Inventario de recursos y medidas de control de las enfermedades transmisibles en la Comunidad Europea
Authors: S Salmaso
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

El Istituto Superiore di Sanita (ISS) de Roma, en colaboracion con el Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) de Londres, y el Swedish Institute for Infectious Diseases Control (SIIDC) de Estocolmo, esta llevando a cabo un analisis cientifico y tecnico de los medios que existen en la actualidad en la Comunidad Europea para el control de las enfermedades transmisibles. El proyecto, llamado Inventario de la CE sobre el control de las enfermedades transmisibles, esta financiado por la Direccion General V (Salud Publica) de la Comision Europea.
Abstract B21: Potassium dichromate and sodium arsenite toxicities: Modification by methanol extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria in albino mice
Authors: Kazeem Akinyinka Akinwumi, Olabode Olatunbosun Osifeso, Olajumoke Jumoke Aboyewa, Oyeronke Aduni Odunola
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Exposure to arsenic and hexavalent chromium is a major public health concern especially in the developing part of the world and there is still no reliable treatment. This study evaluates the effect of combined exposure to potassium heptaoxochromate VI (K2Cr2O7) and sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) in mice as well as the effect of methanol leaf extracts of Rauvolfia vomitoria (MRV) on the toxicity of both toxicants. Test mice were pre-treated with 275mg/kg body weight MRV before being challenged with either NaAsO2 and/ or K2Cr2O7 on the seventh day. The control animals were exposed to distilled water or a single dose of 2.5 mg/kg body weight NaAsO2 or 12mg/kg of K2Cr2O7 a day before the animals were sacrificed. The frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (mPCEs) was monitored in bone marrow cells, while aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were assessed in the plasma. Hepatic glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as well as catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities were also monitored. The NaAsO2 and K2Cr2O7 significantly (P&amp;lt;0.05) increased the frequency of mPCE formation, AST, ALT, CAT and GST activities when compared with the control. Simultaneous exposure to NaAsO2 and K2Cr2O7 further increased (p&amp;lt;0.05) the levels of the markers. In addition, GSH and GST were significantly (p&amp;lt;0.05) reduced in mice exposed to NaAsO2 or K2Cr2O7 or their combination. However, MRV reversed the markers towards that of the control. Our study therefore suggests that MRV ameliorates NaAsO2 and K2Cr2O7 induced toxicities via reduction of oxidative stress and fortification of anti-oxidant system Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Kazeem Akinyinka Akinwumi, Olabode Olatunbosun Osifeso, Olajumoke Jumoke Aboyewa, Oyeronke Aduni Odunola. Potassium dichromate and sodium arsenite toxicities: Modification by methanol extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria in albino mice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR International Conference: New Frontiers in Cancer Research; 2017 Jan 18-22; Cape Town, South Africa. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(22 Suppl):Abstract nr B21.
Did Winston Churchill suffer a myocardial infarction in the White House at Christmas 1941?
Authors: J Allister Vale, John W Scadding
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2017)

Summary While staying in the White House over Christmas 1941, Churchill developed chest pain on trying to open a window in his bedroom. Sir Charles Wilson, his personal physician, diagnosed a ‘heart attack’ (myocardial infarction). Wilson, for political and personal reasons, decided not to inform his patient of the diagnosis or obtain assistance from US medical colleagues. On Churchill's return to London, Wilson sought a second opinion from Dr John Parkinson who did not support the diagnosis of coronary thrombosis (myocardial infarction) and reassured Churchill accordingly.