tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Troponin I and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Philip D. Adamson, Julie A. Anderson, Robert D. Brook, Peter M.A. Calverley, Bartolome R. Celli, Nicholas J. Cowans, Courtney Crim, Ian J. Dixon, Fernando J. Martinez, David E. Newby, Jørgen Vestbo, Julie C. Yates, Nicholas L. Mills
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have increased risk of cardiovascular events. This study evaluated the association between high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I concentration and cardiovascular events in patients with COPD and heightened cardiovascular risk. In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 16,485 patients with COPD and cardiovascular disease or risk factors were randomized to once daily inhaled placebo, fluticasone furoate (100 μg), vilanterol (25 μg), or their combination. Plasma high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I concentrations were measured in a subgroup of 1,599 patients. Outcomes were on-treatment cardiovascular events and COPD exacerbations over a median of 18 months, and cardiovascular death over a median of 27 months. Baseline plasma cardiac troponin I concentrations were above the limit of detection (1.2 ng/l) in 1,542 (96%) patients. Concentrations were unaffected by inhaled therapies at 3 months (p > 0.05). Compared with the lowest quintile (cardiac troponin <2.3 ng/l), patients in the highest quintile (≥7.7 ng/l) were at greater risk of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio [HR] 3.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3 to 10.1; p = 0.012) and cardiovascular death (HR: 20.1; 95% CI: 2.4 to 165.2; p = 0.005) after adjustment for risk factors. By contrast, there were no differences in exacerbations between quintiles (HR: 1.1; 95% CI: 0.8 to 1.5; p = 0.548). In patients with COPD and heightened cardiovascular risk, plasma cardiac troponin I concentrations are a specific and major indicator of future cardiovascular events and cardiovascular death. Inhaled therapies did not affect cardiac troponin I concentrations consistent with their neutral effect on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes. (Study to Evaluate the Effect of Fluticasone Furoate/Vilanterol on Survival in Subjects With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease [SUMMIT]; NCT01313676)
Abstract 19277: Statin Therapy Lowers Myocardial Fibrosis Marker sST2 in Patients Living With HIV
Authors: Janet Lo, Christopher Defilippi, Robert Christenson, Kathleen Fitch, Sara Looby, Elli Kim, Michael Lu, Udo Hoffmann, Steven Grinspoon
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: We have recently shown that patients living with HIV have higher soluble ST2 (sST2), galectin-3 and high sensitivity troponin T (hs-cTnT), than non-HIV controls and that hs-cTnT is as...
Abstract 23: Improved Rates of Bystander and First-Responder Intervention Are Associated with Improved Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Following Statewide Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Carolina Malta Hansen, James G Jollis, Matthew Dupre, Bryan McNally, Lisa Monk, Clark Tyson, David A Pearson, R Darrell Nelson, Brent Myers, Christopher B Granger
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: Statewide efforts, as part of the Heart Rescue Program, to strengthen prehospital cardiac arrest management were initiated in 2010. We aimed to examine temporal changes in bystander and ...
Why Internists Might Want Single-Payer Health Care
Authors: Brian Yablon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Letters4 September 2018Why Internists Might Want Single-Payer Health CareBrian Yablon, MDBrian Yablon, MDHennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, Minnesota (B.Y.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L18-0246 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Sorum (1) makes many excellent points about how single-payer health care would make internists' lives easier. Such a system would also be the most important intervention to reduce the shameful socioeconomic and racial health disparities of the United States and save tens of thousands of lives and the economic livelihoods of many of our patients and their families. Woolhandler and Himmelstein (2) explain as follows.The potential health benefits from single-payer reform are more important than the economic ones. Being uninsured has mortal consequences. Covering the 26 million persons in the United States who are currently uninsured ...References1. Sorum P. Why internists might want single-payer health care. Ann Intern Med. 2018;168:438-9. [PMID: 29435572]. doi:10.7326/M17-2678 LinkGoogle Scholar2. Woolhandler S, Himmelstein DU. Single-payer reform: the only way to fulfill the president's pledge of more coverage, better benefits, and lower costs. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166:587-8. [PMID: 28241256]. doi:10.7326/M17-0302 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, Minnesota (B.Y.)Disclosures: The author has disclosed no conflicts of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L18-0246. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoWhy Internists Might Want Single-Payer Health Care Paul Sorum Why Internists Might Want Single-Payer Health Care Paul Sorum Metrics 4 September 2018Volume 169, Issue 5Page: 353-354KeywordsAsthmaConflicts of interestDisclosureHealth careHealth disparitiesHealth economicsMyocardial infarction ePublished: 4 September 2018 Issue Published: 4 September 2018 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2018 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Assessment of the genetic and clinical determinants of fracture risk: genome wide association and mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Katerina Trajanoska, John A Morris, Ling Oei, Hou-Feng Zheng, David M Evans, Douglas P Kiel, Claes Ohlsson, J Brent Richards, Fernando Rivadeneira
Journal: BMJ (2018)

To identify the genetic determinants of fracture risk and assess the role of 15 clinical risk factors on osteoporotic fracture risk.
Abstract 13101: Subclinical Cardiovascular Abnormalities Exist in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Bara Erhayiem, Adam K McDiarmid, Peter P Swoboda, Ananth K Kidambi, David P Ripley, Tarique A Musa, Laura E Dobson, Pankaj Garg, Jacqueline Andrews, John P Greenwood, Maya H Buch, Sven Plein
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of premature mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) &amp; CV abnormalities are frequent in established disease. No studies have studied CV changes in treatment naive early RA (ERA). Hypothesis: Subclinical CV pathology exists in ERA as assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Methods: 66 ERA patients underwent 3T CMR scan including 355 modified Look-Locker inversion T1 maps before &amp; 15 minutes after contrast administration. Patients had: no current/previous RA therapy; symptom duration &lt;1 year; disease activity score ≥3.2; no known CV disease. 30 healthy controls were matched by age, sex &amp; blood pressure. Results: Patients &amp; controls were well matched: the demographics &amp; RA characteristics are in table 1. CMR measures are in table 2. Left ventricular (LV) mass &amp; remodelling was significantly lower in ERA. There was no difference in LV volume or ejection fraction. Significantly lower aortic distensibility, a measure of increased arterial stiffness &amp; CV risk, was found in ERA. Diffuse myocardial fibrosis, also associated with poorer outcomes &amp; measured by extra-cellular volume, was increased significantly in ERA. Increased amount of non-ischaemic focal scarring was present in ERA but not significantly different compared to controls. Conclusions: This is the first CMR study of treatment-naive ERA. This well defined cohort demonstrates abnormalities in vascular function, myocardial tissue composition &amp; LV geometry. This highlights presence of CV risk at the earliest stages of RA. Further investigation will determine the natural history including which effective therapy can modulate these abnormalities.
Abstract 19265: Hyperoxic Cycling of Human Inducible Pluripotent Derived Cardiomyocytes (hipsc-cms) Augments Transplanted Cell Survival in Rats Subjected to Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Mahmood Khan, Christopher Dall, Chun-An Chen, Mark Angelos
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Cardiac regeneration via stem cells following acute myocardial necrosis or apoptosis is a promising therapy. However, low cell survival remains a significant limitation primarily due ...
Firearm-Related Mortality
Authors: Frederick P. Rivara, David M. Studdert, Garen J. Wintemute
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 20275: Impact of the Impedance Threshold Device During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Head up Position
Authors: Guillaume Debaty, Paul Pepe, Demetris Yannopoulos, Nicolas Segal, Keith G Lurie, Johanna C Moore
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Recent studies in pigs demonstrated that elevation of the head and thorax improves blood flow to the brain. The head up position (HUP) during CPR results in a reduction in intracranial ...
Understanding the development of folk-economic beliefs
Authors: Zoe Liberman, Katherine D. Kinzler
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2018)

Abstract Developmental psychology can shed light on (1) the intuitive systems that underlie folk-economic beliefs (FEBs), and (2) how FEBs are created and revised. Boyer &amp; Petersen (B&amp;P) acknowledge the first, but we argue that they do not seriously consider the second. FEBs vary across people (and within a person), and much of this variation may be explained by socialization, social context, and social learning.
Abstract 13933: A Comparative Analysis of 30-day Readmission Rates, Etiologies and Resource Utilization Following Transcatheter and Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement From the Nationwide Readmission Database
Authors: Shilpkumar Arora, Sidakpal Panaich, Viralkumar Patel, Nilay Patel, Chirag Bambhroliya, Kartik Dhaduk, Harshil Shah, Smit Patel, Sopan Lahewala, Byomesh Tripathi, Prashant Patel, Abhishek Deshmukh, Cindy Grines, Apurva Badheka
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: There is sparse comparative data on short-term readmissions following Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). Methods: The study cohort was derived from the National Readmission Data (NRD) 2013, a subset of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) sponsored by AHRQ. TAVR and SAVR were identified using appropriate ICD-9-CM codes (TAVR - 35.05, 35.06 &amp; SAVR - 35.21, 35.22) as either primary or secondary procedural codes. Variables which could affect treatment assignment, were adjusted with propensity score match analysis and Match (1:1) cohort was generated. Readmission causes were identified by ICD 9 code in primary diagnosis. Results: Our analysis included 3,886 TAVR and SAVR procedures each in the propensity matched cohorts. There was no significant difference in terms of readmission rates amongst patients who underwent TAVR vs. SAVR [21.41% vs. 21.07% (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.92 - 1.14) p = 0.702]. Cardiac etiologies were more likely to be responsible for readmissions following SAVR (42.66% vs. 35.91%, p = 0.006). Atrial fibrillation (AF) was a much more common cause of readmission following SAVR (7.81% vs. 3.37%, p &lt;0.001). Overall vascular (3.24% vs. 1.32%, p = 0.006) and bleeding complications (9% vs. 6.2%, p = 0.025) were more likely to result in readmission in patients undergoing TAVR. Cost of care of index admission and readmission was similar in both groups. Readmission mortality was higher amongst patient with TAVR vs. SAVR (6.49 vs. 3.91, p = 0.02). 50% of TAVR and SAVR readmission occur within 11 days post discharge. Conclusion: In our study from a large nationwide database, there was no significant difference in readmission rate, median readmission rate and resource utilization between TAVR and SAVR. Arrhythmias especially AF accounted for more SAVR readmission and Bleeding/vascular complications were more commonly responsible for readmissions following TAVR.
Plasma and CSF biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in adults with Down syndrome: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Juan Fortea, María Carmona-Iragui, Bessy Benejam, Susana Fernández, Laura Videla, Isabel Barroeta, Daniel Alcolea, Jordi Pegueroles, Laia Muñoz, Olivia Belbin, Mony J de Leon, Aleksandra Maleska Maceski, Christophe Hirtz, Jordi Clarimón, Sebastián Videla, Constance Delaby, Sylvain Lehmann, Rafael Blesa, Alberto Lleó
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2018)
Emicizumab Prophylaxis in Patients Who Have Hemophilia A without Inhibitors
Authors: Johnny Mahlangu, Johannes Oldenburg, Ido Paz-Priel, Claude Negrier, Markus Niggli, M. Elisa Mancuso, Christophe Schmitt, Victor Jiménez-Yuste, Christine Kempton, Christophe Dhalluin, Michael U. Callaghan, Willem Bujan, Midori Shima, Joanne I. Adamkewicz, Elina Asikanius, Gallia G. Levy, Rebecca Kruse-Jarres
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

Emicizumab is a bispecific monoclonal antibody that bridges activated factor IX and factor X to replace the function of missing activated factor VIII, thereby restoring hemostasis. In a phase 3, multicenter trial, we investigated its use as prophylaxis in persons who have hemophilia A without factor VIII inhibitors.We randomly assigned, in a 2:2:1 ratio, participants 12 years of age or older who had been receiving episodic treatment with factor VIII to receive a subcutaneous maintenance dose of emicizumab of 1.5 mg per kilogram of body weight per week (group A) or 3.0 mg per kilogram every 2 weeks (group B) or no prophylaxis (group C). The primary end point was the difference in rates of treated bleeding (group A vs. group C and group B vs. group C). Participants who had been receiving factor VIII prophylaxis received emicizumab at a maintenance dose of 1.5 mg per kilogram per week (group D); intraindividual comparisons were performed in those who had participated in a noninterventional study.A total of 152 participants were enrolled. The annualized bleeding rate was 1.5 events (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9 to 2.5) in group A and 1.3 events (95% CI, 0.8 to 2.3) in group B, as compared with 38.2 events (95% CI, 22.9 to 63.8) in group C; thus, the rate was 96% lower in group A and 97% lower in group B (P<0.001 for both comparisons). A total of 56% of the participants in group A and 60% of those in group B had no treated bleeding events, as compared with those in group C, who all had treated bleeding events. In the intraindividual comparison involving 48 participants, emicizumab prophylaxis resulted in an annualized bleeding rate that was 68% lower than the rate with previous factor VIII prophylaxis (P<0.001). The most frequent adverse event was low-grade injection-site reaction. There were no thrombotic or thrombotic microangiopathy events, development of antidrug antibodies, or new development of factor VIII inhibitors.Emicizumab prophylaxis administered subcutaneously once weekly or every 2 weeks led to a significantly lower bleeding rate than no prophylaxis among persons with hemophilia A without inhibitors; more than half the participants who received prophylaxis had no treated bleeding events. In an intraindividual comparison, emicizumab therapy led to a significantly lower bleeding rate than previous factor VIII prophylaxis. (Funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche and Chugai Pharmaceutical; HAVEN 3 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02847637 .).
Peripheral neuropathy in children and adolescents treated for cancer
Authors: Kari L Bjornard, Laura S Gilchrist, Hiroto Inaba, Barthelemy Diouf, Marilyn J Hockenberry, Nina S Kadan-Lottick, Daniel C Bowers, M Eileen Dolan, Nicole J Ullrich, William E Evans, Kirsten K Ness
Journal: The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (2018)
Ultrathin-strut, biodegradable-polymer, sirolimus-eluting stents versus thin-strut, durable-polymer, everolimus-eluting stents for percutaneous coronary revascularisation: 5-year outcomes of the BIOSCIENCE randomised trial
Authors: Thomas Pilgrim, Raffaele Piccolo, Dik Heg, Marco Roffi, David Tüller, Olivier Muller, Igal Moarof, George C M Siontis, Stéphane Cook, Daniel Weilenmann, Christoph Kaiser, Florim Cuculi, Lukas Hunziker, Franz R Eberli, Peter Jüni, Stephan Windecker
Journal: The Lancet (2018)
Hippocampal CB1 Receptors Control Incidental Associations
Authors: Arnau Busquets-Garcia, José F. Oliveira da Cruz, Geoffrey Terral, Antonio C. Pagano Zottola, Edgar Soria-Gómez, Andrea Contini, Hugo Martin, Bastien Redon, Marjorie Varilh, Christina Ioannidou, Filippo Drago, Federico Massa, Xavier Fioramonti, Pierre Trifilieff, Guillaume Ferreira, Giovanni Marsicano
Journal: Neuron (2018)
Clinical Applications of Neuroimaging in Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Michael B. First, Wayne C. Drevets, Cameron Carter, Daniel P. Dickstein, Lauren Kasoff, Kerri L. Kim, Jonathan McConathy, Scott Rauch, Ziad S. Saad, Jonathan Savitz, Karen E. Seymour, Yvette I. Sheline, Jon-Kar Zubieta
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2018)
Of MICs and Men
Authors: Eric J. Rubin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

In medicine, we often collect data that lie on a quantitative spectrum. However, dealing with shades of gray is always complex. To simplify decision making, we reduce values to binary descriptors, such as above or below normal or within or outside a certain quartile. This is true in the clinical microbiology laboratory that reports out the results of antibiotic testing as "susceptible" or "resistant." But, as Colangeli et al.1 report in this issue of the Journal, simplification can be quite misleading, especially when it comes to the treatment of tuberculosis. As with other infectious diseases, therapy for tuberculosis is guided . . .
Abstract 14053: Large-scale Multi-community Targeted CPR Education Improves CPR Knowledge and Confidence
Authors: Kenton L Anderson, Kayla Olesky, Nicholas Salerno, Shehni Nadeem, Jake Valentine, Faroukh Mehkri, Mackenzi Hicks, Sara Andrabi, Angela S Fisher, Larry E Laufman
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: One purpose of the Hands-Only CPR™ (H-O CPR) program is to simplify cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) instruction in order to encourage more bystanders to take appropriate action du...
Risk Factors for Dupilumab-Associated Conjunctivitis in Patients With Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Alison D. Treister, Cheryl Kraff-Cooper, Peter A. Lio
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Clinical trials of dupilumab for atopic dermatitis (AD) have reported an increased incidence of conjunctivitis in patients who received dupilumab compared with those who received placebo.To describe the characteristics of patients who develop conjunctivitis secondary to dupilumab treatment for AD.Case series of 12 patients who reported development of conjunctivitis from a cohort of 142 patients treated with dupilumab for AD at a secondary care center from March 14, 2017, to March 29, 2018.Patients received a 600-mg injection of dupilumab as a loading dose and a 300-mg injection every 2 weeks thereafter.Primary outcome measures were severity of AD as measured by the Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) score, a 5-point scale from 0 (clear) to 4 (severe), at the time of dupilumab initiation and at conjunctivitis onset.Of the 12 patients included in this series, 7 (58%) were male. The mean (SD) age of patients was 30 (8.1) years at the time conjunctivitis developed. All patients showed improvement of their AD at the time of conjunctivitis diagnosis, with a mean (SD) 1.9 (0.8)-point decrease in IGA score and 47.8% (11.2%) decrease in body surface area affected. Nine of the 12 patients (75%) had severe baseline AD with an IGA score of 4. All patients who discontinued treatment had severe AD at the time of initial dupilumab administration and had at least 1 atopic condition in addition to AD.Conjunctivitis that develops after administration of dupilumab to treat AD may be severe enough to necessitate stopping therapy. Severe conjunctivitis was more likely to develop in patients with more severe baseline AD who had a good response to dupilumab and an increased atopic phenotype. Studies are needed to confirm risk factors associated with development of conjunctivitis and to determine effective treatment.
Muskelin Coordinates PrPC Lysosome versus Exosome Targeting and Impacts Prion Disease Progression
Authors: Frank F. Heisler, Yvonne Pechmann, Ines Wieser, Hermann C. Altmeppen, Leonhard Veenendaal, Mary Muhia, Michaela Schweizer, Markus Glatzel, Susanne Krasemann, Matthias Kneussel
Journal: Neuron (2018)
Abstract 17445: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Related Immunosuppression and Systolic Dysfunction Following Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Pedro Engel Gonzalez, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Matthew J Feinstein
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: HIV+ persons have greater risks for myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure than the general population. Immune dysfunction appears to underlie much of these elevated risks, but ...