THU0414 Incidence and predictors for nephrolithiasis in gout patients and the general population
Authors: AJ Landgren, L Jacobsson, U Lindström, TZ Sandström, E Fjellstedt, P Drivelegka, V Sigurdardottir, L Björkman, M Dehlin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> A well-known complication of gout is an increased risk for nephrolithiasis (NL). The incidence rate of NL in the general population varies in different studies between 85 and 170/100 000 person-years, with a peak incidence in the ages 40–49 years. Several medications used in gout patients could affect the risk for NL, including allopurinol, losartan, thiazide- and loop-diuretics. Effect of these medications on risk of NL in gout patients, and the general population, has only scarcely been studied. <h3>Objectives</h3> In this cohortstudy we investigated: 1) overall incidence of NL in gout and general population (GP) controls 2) risk for first time NL in gout patients vs general population (GP) controls, and 3) predictors for first time NL in both groups separately. <h3>Methods</h3> Gout patients were identified from the regional health care database in western Sweden (VEGA), containing ICD10-codes for all regional Healthcare visits from 2000. Matched (birthyear, sex, county) GP controls were selected from the population register. National registers and VEGA were used to retrieve information on comorbidities, socioeconomic factors and current medications at start of follow-up. The study population had to be above 19 years of age, without NL prior to start of follow-up, and living in the Western Swedish Health Care Region (WSHCR). Follow-up began 2006–01–01, or at the first gout-diagnosis if this occurred later, and ended at death, emigration or 2012–12–31, whichever occurred first. Incidence rates (IR) per 1000 person-years and hazardratios (HR) were calculated. Possible predictors for NL were based on risk factors presented in the literature. <h3>Results</h3> 29,968 gout patients and 138,678 matched GP controls were included. In gout patients there were 678 NL-events (IR: 6.2 per 1000 pyrs at risk (95% CI: 5.7–6.6)) and in GP controls 2125 (IR 3.9 per 1000 pyrs at risk (95% CI 3.7–4.0)). Risk for NL was increased in gout (HR=1.49, 95% CI: 1.35–1.64), and was higher in men compared to women (P&lt;0.0001) in all age groups for gout cases and controls. All comorbidities and medications were more frequent in cases compared to controls (p&lt;0.0001) at start of follow-up. Risk-factors for NL such as kidney disease (KD), obesity, diabetes were 2–4 times more common in gout patients compared to GP controls. Predictor point estimates for NL were similar in gout cases and GP controls (Figure 1), except for losartan which increased the risk of NL in GP controls (HR=1,47, 95% CI: 1.01–2.13) but not in gout patients. Loop-diuretics appeared to decrease the risk for NL in both cohorts (P&lt;0.0001), whereas other cardiovascular (CVD) drugs had no effect. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The risk for NL was increased by 50% in gout patients, compared to controls. Overall pattern of predictors was similar in gout patients and population controls. In patients with gout, male sex, diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity predicted NL, whereas use of loop diuretics was protective. Overall, the most commonly used CVD drugs did not increase the risk for NL in patients with gout. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared