tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reversing the Cardiac Effects of Sedentary Aging in Middle Age—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Erin J. Howden, Satyam Sarma, Justin S. Lawley, Mildred Opondo, William Cornwell, Douglas Stoller, Marcus A. Urey, Beverley Adams-Huet, Benjamin D. Levine
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Poor fitness in middle age is a risk factor for heart failure, particularly heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction. The development of heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction is likely mediated through increased left ventricular (LV) stiffness, a consequence of sedentary aging. In a prospective, parallel group, randomized controlled trial, we examined the effect of 2 years of supervised high-intensity exercise training on LV stiffness.Sixty-one (48% male) healthy, sedentary, middle-aged participants (53±5 years) were randomly assigned to either 2 years of exercise training (n=34) or attention control (control; n=27). Right heart catheterization and 3-dimensional echocardiography were performed with preload manipulations to define LV end-diastolic pressure-volume relationships and Frank-Starling curves. LV stiffness was calculated by curve fit of the diastolic pressure-volume curve. Maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2max) was measured to quantify changes in fitness.Fifty-three participants completed the study. Adherence to prescribed exercise sessions was 88±11%. Vo2max increased by 18% (exercise training: pre 29.0±4.8 to post 34.4±6.4; control: pre 29.5±5.3 to post 28.7±5.4, group×time P<0.001) and LV stiffness was reduced (right/downward shift in the end-diastolic pressure-volume relationships; preexercise training stiffness constant 0.072±0.037 to postexercise training 0.051±0.0268, P=0.0018), whereas there was no change in controls (group×time P<0.001; pre stiffness constant 0.0635±0.026 to post 0.062±0.031, P=0.83). Exercise increased LV end-diastolic volume (group×time P<0.001), whereas pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was unchanged, providing greater stroke volume for any given filling pressure (loading×group×time P=0.007).In previously sedentary healthy middle-aged adults, 2 years of exercise training improved maximal oxygen uptake and decreased cardiac stiffness. Regular exercise training may provide protection against the future risk of heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction by preventing the increase in cardiac stiffness attributable to sedentary aging.URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02039154.
Abstract P191: Measurements of Large and Small Artery Elasticity Indexes in a Swedish Population: Are Repeated Measurements Needed?
Authors: Bledar Daka, Matthew Allison, Margareta I Hellgren, Lennart Råstam, Ulf Lindblad
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the repeated measurement of the pulse wave from the radial artery improve the precision of the estimated elasticity. Method: Between 2002 and 2005 a total of 2816 individuals (Men 1400) 35-74 years old, in the Skaraborg County in southern Sweden, were randomly selected for a health survey within the Skaraborg Project (the Vara-Skövde Cohort). All participants were examined with an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), blood pressure and anthropometric data. Pulse wave measurements were performed by two trained study nurses using the HDI/Pulse wave CR-2000 (Eagan, MN). Three repetitive measurements were performed within 5 minutes. Large and small artery elasticity indexes (LAEI and SAEI) from each measurement, as well as the mean value of the first two measurements and all three measurements were evaluated with intraclass correlation (ICC) and Pearsons correlation to investigate the precision of the test. Coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated for each measurement and for the variable of the mean of two first measurements and the mean of three measurements. Results: The measurements were successful in 2733 subjects (97%). The mean LAEI in 1st, 2nd and 3rd measurements were respectively 16.2±5.6ml/mmHg, 16.3±5.4 ml/mmHg and 16.5± 5.4 ml/mmHg and for SAEI the corresponding results were 7.4±3.6 ml/mmHg, 7.5±3.6 ml/mmHg and 7.4±3.5 ml/mmHg. A significant successive increase was observed in both the LAEI and the SAEI; comparing the third to the first examination LAEI-diff by 0.28 ml/mmHg CI 0.14-0.43 0 p&lt;0.001, and SAEI by 0.17 ml/mmHg CI 0.1-0.24 p&lt;0.001). The between measurement correlations for the LAEI were 0.73 and 0.76, and for the SAEI 0.85 and 0.88, respectively. The intraclass correlations were high both for LAEI (0.90 and 0.89) and for SAEI (0.95 and 0.96). The CV decreased from 33-35 in the single measurement to 30 using three measurements for LAEI and from 47-49 to 47 for SAEI. Conclusion: Considering the high CV in both LAEI and SAEI repeated measurements are recommended. However, the high correlation between the mean of two and three measurements suggests only slight improvement in the precision is achieved with three examinations. As commonly recommended for blood pressure control we suggest using the mean of two measurements also for these indices of arterial elasticity.
Practicas sexuales y transmisión de las hepatitis A y C
Authors: E Bouvet
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

En este numero de Eurosurveillance, dos articulos describen la ocurrencia de brotes de hepatitis virales A (en Copenhague) [1] y C (en Paris) [2] en la poblacion de varones homosexuales, para los cuales se establecieron practicas sexuales especificas como posibles modos de transmision. 
Hace decadas que se admite que el virus de la hepatitis A (VHA) se transmite directamente de persona a persona por via fecal-oral o a traves de alimentos contaminados (desde el origen o durante su preparacion), mientras que la hepatitis C (VHC) se transmite por via parenteral (por la sangre y sus derivados). Respecto a la hepatitis A, se describieron ya varios brotes en homosexuales que condujeron a recomendaciones en materia de vacunacion frente a la hepatitis A por las autoridades sanitarias de varios paises [3,4].
Subcellular localization of MC4R with ADCY3 at neuronal primary cilia underlies a common pathway for genetic predisposition to obesity
Authors: Jacqueline E. Siljee, Yi Wang, Adelaide A. Bernard, Baran A. Ersoy, Sumei Zhang, Aaron Marley, Mark Von Zastrow, Jeremy F. Reiter, Christian Vaisse
Journal: Nature Genetics (2018)
ABO zygosity, but not secretor or Fc receptor status, is a significant risk factor for IVIG-associated hemolysis
Authors: Donald R. Branch, Åsa Hellberg, Christine W. Bruggeman, Jill R. Storry, Darinka Sakac, Megan Blacquiere, Tik Nga Tong, Emeralda Burke-Murphy, Beth Binnington, Nagina Parmar, Lorna Sampson Riden, Kezia Willie, Chantal Armali, Jiwajee Aziz, Lani Lieberman, Vincent Laroche, Jeannie Callum, Yulia Lin, Nadine Shehata, Katerina Pavenski, Wendy Lau, Barbara Hannach, Taco W. Kuijpers, Martin L. Olsson, Christine Cserti-Gazdewich, Jacob Pendergrast
Journal: Blood (2018)
Physiologic, Pathologic, and Therapeutic Paracrine Modulation of Cardiac Excitation-Contraction Coupling
Authors: Joshua Mayourian, Delaine K. Ceholski, David M. Gonzalez, Timothy J. Cashman, Susmita Sahoo, Roger J. Hajjar, Kevin D. Costa
Journal: Circulation Research (2018)

Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) is the orchestrated process of initial myocyte electrical excitation, which leads to calcium entry, intracellular trafficking, and subsequent sarcomere shortening and myofibrillar contraction. Neurohumoral β-adrenergic signaling is a well-established mediator of ECC; other signaling mechanisms, such as paracrine signaling, have also demonstrated significant impact on ECC but are less well understood. For example, resident heart endothelial cells are well-known physiological paracrine modulators of cardiac myocyte ECC mainly via NO and endothelin-1. Moreover, recent studies have demonstrated other resident noncardiomyocyte heart cells (eg, physiological fibroblasts and pathological myofibroblasts), and even experimental cardiotherapeutic cells (eg, mesenchymal stem cells) are also capable of altering cardiomyocyte ECC through paracrine mechanisms. In this review, we first focus on the paracrine-mediated effects of resident and therapeutic noncardiomyocytes on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, electrophysiology, and calcium handling, each of which can modulate ECC, and then discuss the current knowledge about key paracrine factors and their underlying mechanisms of action. Next, we provide a case example demonstrating the promise of tissue-engineering approaches to study paracrine effects on tissue-level contractility. More specifically, we present new functional and molecular data on the effects of human adult cardiac fibroblast conditioned media on human engineered cardiac tissue contractility and ion channel gene expression that generally agrees with previous murine studies but also suggests possible species-specific differences. By contrast, paracrine secretions by human dermal fibroblasts had no discernible effect on human engineered cardiac tissue contractile function and gene expression. Finally, we discuss systems biology approaches to help identify key stem cell paracrine mediators of ECC and their associated mechanistic pathways. Such integration of tissue-engineering and systems biology methods shows promise to reveal novel insights into paracrine mediators of ECC and their underlying mechanisms of action, ultimately leading to improved cell-based therapies for patients with heart disease.
Publisher Correction: An integrated bacterial system for the discovery of chemical rescuers of disease-associated protein misfolding
Authors: Ilias Matis, Dafni Chrysanthi Delivoria, Barbara Mavroidi, Nikoletta Papaevgeniou, Stefania Panoutsou, Stamatia Bellou, Konstantinos D. Papavasileiou, Zacharoula I. Linardaki, Alexandra V. Stavropoulou, Kostas Vekrellis, Nikos Boukos, Fragiskos N. Kolisis, Efstathios S. Gonos, Marigoula Margarity, Manthos G. Papadopoulos, Spiros Efthimiopoulos, Maria Pelecanou, Niki Chondrogianni, Georgios Skretas
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2018)
Core Quality and Outcome Measures for Pediatric Health
Authors: James Webbe, Neena Modi, Chris Gale
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Multicenter Retrospective Study of Features and Outcomes of Patients with Intravascular DLBCL Treated at Academic Institutions within the United States
Authors: Marcus Geer, Maryann Shango, Brian G. Till, Stephen D. Smith, Hashim Abbas, Brian T. Hill, Jason Kaplan, Paul M. Barr, Paolo Caimi, Deborah M. Stephens, Emily Lin, Alex F. Herrera, Evan Rosenbaum, Jennifer E Amengual, Emily Roberts, Philip S Boonstra, Sumana Devata, Ryan A. Wilcox, Mark S Kaminski, Tycel J. Phillips
Journal: Blood (2017)
Statistical methods to compare functional outcomes in randomized controlled trials with high mortality
Authors: Elizabeth Colantuoni, Daniel O Scharfstein, Chenguang Wang, Mohamed D Hashem, Andrew Leroux, Dale M Needham, Timothy D Girard
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Mortality is a common primary endpoint in randomized controlled trials of patients with a high severity of illness, such as critically ill patients. However, researchers are increasingly evaluating functional outcomes, such as quality of life. Importantly, in such trials some patients may die before the assessment of a functional outcome, resulting in the functional outcome being “truncated due to death.” As described in this paper, defining and testing treatment effects on functional outcomes in this setting requires careful consideration. Data from a completed trial of critically ill patients are used to highlight key differences among three statistical approaches used when analyzing such trials.
Abstract 12580: Does Sex Influence the Effect of Surgical Revascularization in Patients in Ischemic Left Ventricular Dysfunction? Results From the STICH Trial
Authors: Qi Zheng, Nicole Cyrille, Lilin She, Hann Szwed, Irene M Lang, Pedro S Farsky, Serenella Castelvecchio, Jolanta Biernat, Alexandros Paraforos, Dragana Kosevic, Liliana E Favaloro, Jose C Nicolau, Padmini Varadaragan, Eric Velazquez, Ramdas G Pai, Kerry Lee, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, Ileana L Piña
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Studies have shown sex-specific differences regarding CAD and heart failure with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Whether these differences impact the benefit of CABG in patients with ischemic LV dysfunction has not been studied prospectively. Female sex is conventionally considered a risk factor for open-heart surgery, and has been included as a poor prognostic factor in multiple cardiac operative risk evaluation scores. We investigated the impact of sex on the long-term benefit of CABG in patients enrolled in the prospective Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure Study (STICH) trial. Method: The STICH trial randomized 1212 patients [148 (12%) women and 1064 (88%) men] with CAD and EF≤ 35% to medical therapy alone (MED) versus MED plus CABG. Long-term (10-year) outcomes with each treatment were compared according to sex. Results: At baseline, women were older with higher BMI and more CAD risk factors (e.g. diabetes) except for smoking, and had lower rates of prior CABG than men (all p&lt;0.05). Moreover, women had higher NYHA class, lower 6-min walk capacity and lower Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire scores (all p&lt;0.05). At 10-year follow up, the all-cause mortality rate (HR 0.70, CI 0.55-0.89, adjusted p=0.002) and CV mortality rate (HR 0.64, CI 0.48-0.86, adjusted p=0.006) were significantly lower in women than men. Furthermore, with randomization to CABG vs. MED treatment, there was no significant interaction between sex and treatment group in all-cause mortality, CV mortality, mortality or CV hospitalization (all p&gt;0.05, Figure 1). In addition, surgical deaths were similar for both sexes among patients randomized to CABG. Conclusion: Sex does not impact the effect of CABG on all-cause mortality, CV mortality, CV hospitalization or surgical deaths in patients with ischemic LV dysfunction. Thus, sex should not influence treatment decisions regarding CABG in these patients.
Janet A. Houghton, PhD: In Memoriam (1952–2017)
Authors: Mark J. Suto
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

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Janet A. Houghton, PhD, a distinguished oncology researcher, passed away on October 5, 2017, at the age of 65 from appendiceal cancer. In a career spanning over 40 years, Dr. Houghton's work deepened scientists' understanding of how to treat cancer at a cellular level.
Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy Associated with Nocturnal Dip in Blood Pressure
Authors: Jesús D. Melgarejo, Joseph H. Lee, Michele Petitto, Juan B. Yépez, Felipe A. Murati, Zhezhen Jin, Carlos A. Chávez, Rosa V. Pirela, Gustavo E. Calmón, Winston Lee, Matthew P. Johnson, Luis J. Mena, Lama A. Al-Aswad, Joseph D. Terwilliger, Rando Allikmets, Gladys E. Maestre, C. Gustavo De Moraes
Journal: Ophthalmology (2018)
Publisher Correction: Whole-tissue biopsy phenotyping of three-dimensional tumours reveals patterns of cancer heterogeneity
Authors: Nobuyuki Tanaka, Shigeaki Kanatani, Raju Tomer, Cecilia Sahlgren, Pauliina Kronqvist, Dagmara Kaczynska, Lauri Louhivuori, Lorand Kis, Claes Lindh, Przemysław Mitura, Andrzej Stepulak, Sara Corvigno, Johan Hartman, Patrick Micke, Artur Mezheyeuski, Carina Strell, Joseph W. Carlson, Carlos Fernández Moro, Hanna Dahlstrand, Arne Östman, Kazuhiro Matsumoto, Peter Wiklund, Mototsugu Oya, Ayako Miyakawa, Karl Deisseroth, Per Uhlén
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2018)
Efficacy of endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer in China (ESECC): design and preliminary results of a population-based randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zhonghu He, Zhen Liu, Mengfei Liu, Chuanhai Guo, Ruiping Xu, Fenglei Li, Anxiang Liu, Haijun Yang, Lin Shen, Qi Wu, Liping Duan, Xiang Li, Chaoting Zhang, Yaqi Pan, Hong Cai, Yang Ke
Journal: Gut (2018)

Objective Description of the design and preliminary results of baseline recruitment and screening in the endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer in China (ESECC), the first randomised controlled trial (RCT) assessing efficacy and cost-effectiveness of endoscopic screening for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Design ESECC trial is a cluster RCT, and 668 villages in rural Hua County, Henan Province, a high-incidence area of ESCC in China, were randomised into two arms at a ratio of 1:1. Screening arm participants were screened by Lugol chromoendoscopy; no screening was performed in the control arm. ESCC-specific and all-cause mortality, incidence of advanced ESCC and cost-effectiveness of screening will be evaluated in the next 10-year follow-up. Here, we report the performance of baseline recruitment and randomisation, prevalence of upper GI lesions and risk factors for ESCC. Results A total of 17 151 and 16 797 participants were enrolled in screening and control arms from January 2012 to September 2016. The truncated prevalence (aged 45–69 years) of oesophageal and overall upper GI high-grade lesions was 744.0/100 000 and 902.0/100 000. 69.9% of the 113 patients with high-grade oesophageal lesions were of early stage. Risk factors for severe oesophageal dysplasia and more severe lesions in this population included higher age, family history of ESCC, lower body mass index, eating rapidly and frequent ingestion of leftovers. Conclusion This ESECC trial met the predesigned recruitment and randomisation requirements. Age, family history, undernutrition and unhealthy dietary habits increased the risk for high-grade oesophageal lesions in this high-risk population. Trail registration number NCT01688908; Pre-results .
Abstract 12795: Impact of Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction on Right Ventricular Remodeling and Exercise Capacity in Patients With Severe Pulmonary Regurgitation After Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Qiuming Chen, Shoujun Li, Keming Yang, Xiangbin Pan, Zhongdong Hua, Hao Zhang, Minjie Lu, Xingguo Sun, Kai Ma, Sen Zhang, Lei Qi
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: The long-term impact of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) in patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation after repair of tetralogy of Fallot are controversial. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that patients with combined PR and RVOTO have better RV remolding and exercise capacity than patients with isolated PR. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of ninety-one consecutive patients with severe PR detected on echocardiography and evaluated with cardiac magnetic resonance and cardiopulmonary exercise test between 2012 and 2016. Twenty-three patients had combined PR and RVOTO (Doppler peak RVOT gradient ≥30 mmHg), while the other had isolated PR (n=68). Results: In spite of similar PR fraction between the two groups, patients with combined PR and RVOTO had significantly smaller RV end-diastolic volume (129.1 ± 32.7 vs 163.3 ± 53.9 ml/m 2 , p=0.020) and RV end-systolic volume (84.9 ± 26.5 vs 110.8 ± 48.2 ml/m 2 , P= 0.006) than patients with isolated PR. No significant difference was detected in RV ejection fraction and left ventricle volumes and function between the two groups. Multivariable linear regression analysis identified that transannular repair and peak pressure gradient of RVOT as independent predictors for RV volume. Patients with combined PR and RVOTO had higher (24.9 ± 5.2 vs 20.1 ± 6.3 ml/kg/min, P=0.07) peak oxygen uptake than patients with isolated PR. Peak RVOT gradient was the only independent predictor of exercise capacity in patients with combined PR and RVOTO. Conclusions: Patients with combined PR and RVOTO had less dilated RV and better exercise capacity than those with isolated PR. An acceptable residual RVOTO is more advantageous in the long-term outcome of repaired TOF.
CT7001, a Novel Orally Bio-Available CDK7 Inhibitor, Is Highly Active in in-Vitro and in-Vivo Models of AML
Authors: Kristopher Clark, Edward Ainscow, Adam Peall, Stuart Thomson, Andrew Leishman, Sullivan Elaine, Simak Ali, Raoul Coombes, Anthony Barrett, Ash Kumar Bahl
Journal: Blood (2017)
Local treatment of breast in de novo stage IV breast cancer patients.
Authors: Peng-Yu Chen, Skye H Hong-Chun Cheng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e11526 Background: Stage IV breast cancer is an incurable disease. Systemic therapy is usually the main treatment for these patients. Locoregional therapy, such as surgery or radiotherapy, is controversial. Recent studies suggested locoregional treatments of the primary breast cancer can provide some benefit for these patients. Methods: We conducted a chart review of de novo stage IV breast cancer patients at a cancer center hospital in TAIWAN from 1990 to 2008. A total of 276 patients were reviewed and 268 patients met the inclusion criteria. Tumor characteristics, anti-tumor treatments and survival were analyzed. Results: The median survival of 268 patients was 21.5 months. We divided these patients into two groups. There were 140 patients with less than 21.5 months of survival and 128 patients with more than 21.5 months of survival. In univariate analysis, infiltrating ductal carcinoma (p=0.002), ER-positive (p&lt;0.0001), PR-positive (p&lt;0.0001), and no overexpression of HER2 (p=0.0125) were associated with longer survival. The clinical primary tumor size (p=0.11) and positive axillary lymph node involvement (p=0.61) were not different significantly between two groups. About metastatic site, patients with liver mets (p&lt;0.0001) and lung mets (p=0.025) were associated with shorter survival. Bone mets (p=0.63) was not associated with survival. Patients receiving local treatment of primary tumor, including surgery (p&lt;0.0001) or locoregional radiation (p=0.0034), had longer survival. In multivariate analysis, patients who received surgery of primary breast cancer (HR=0.52, p=0.0006) or received systemic chemotherapy (HR=0.47, p=0.002) had better survival. In subgroup analysis, patients without liver metastasis who received surgery of primary breast cancer had longer overall survival significantly (p&lt;0.0001). In contrast, surgery to the primary breast cancer had no benefit in survival (p=0.91) in patients with liver metastasis. Conclusions: Our institutional experience suggests locoregional treatment for primary breast cancer appear to be beneficial for de novo breast cancer patients, especially those without liver mets.
Neoadjuvant oncolytic virotherapy before surgery sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer to immune checkpoint therapy
Authors: Marie-Claude Bourgeois-Daigneault, Dominic Guy Roy, Amelia Sadie Aitken, Nader El Sayes, Nikolas Tim Martin, Oliver Varette, Theresa Falls, Lauren Elizabeth St-Germain, Adrian Pelin, Brian Dennis Lichty, David Francis Stojdl, Guy Ungerechts, Jean-Simon Diallo, John Cameron Bell
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2018)

Maraba virus treatment before surgery for triple-negative breast cancer promotes antitumor immunity.