tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hot avulsion may be effective as salvage treatment for focal Barrett’s esophagus remaining after endoscopic therapy for dysplasia or early cancer: a preliminary study
Authors: Javier Aranda-Hernández, Yuto Shimamura, Andrea Grin, Yugo Iwaya, Maria Cirocco, Gabor Kandel, Gary May, Paul Kortan, Spiro Raftopoulos, Norman Marcon
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Both endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are used to treat Barrett's esophagus (BE) complicated by dysplasia and intramucosal cancer. However, focal areas of BE can remain after otherwise successful application of these techniques. We report the results of hot avulsion using a hot biopsy forceps to resect these residual focal areas.This was a retrospective study from a prospective database in a tertiary reference center from August 2013 to May 2015. All included patients had undergone hot avulsion for eradication of residual focal areas of BE that were ≤ 1 cm and not suspicious for dysplasia, following at least one previous endoscopic treatment for dysplasia or intramucosal cancer.35 patients harboring 124 residual areas of 1 - 7 mm were treated with hot avulsion. After a mean follow-up of 17.4 months, all patients achieved complete eradication of residual focal BE. One of the patients required a second hot avulsion treatment. Hot avulsion provided samples in all cases but limited the assessment of dysplasia (cautery artifact) in 20.2 % of them. The only complication was bleeding in two patients, which was easily stopped by soft coagulation.Hot avulsion appears to be effective and safe in removing focal BE ≤ 1 cm at its greatest length remaining after endoscopic treatment for dysplasia or early cancer. Further studies are required before this technique can be considered the standard of care.
Phase 3 trial of momelotinib (MMB) vs ruxolitinib (RUX) in JAK inhibitor (JAKi) naive patients with myelofibrosis (MF).
Authors: Ruben A. Mesa, Jean-Jacques Kiladjian, John V. Catalano, Timothy Devos, Miklos Egyed, Andrzei Hellman, Donal McLornan, Kazuya Shimoda, Elliott F. Winton, Wei Deng, Ronald L. Dubowy, Julia D. Maltzman, Francisco Cervantes, Jason R. Gotlib
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

7000 Background: MMB, an oral JAKi, has been shown in early trials to reduce spleen volume, improve disease associated symptoms (Sx) and improve RBC transfusion (Tx) requirements in patients (pts) with MF. This study was designed to test non-inferiority of MMB vs RUX in splenic volume reduction and Sx amelioration, and superiority in Tx requirement, in JAKi naïve MF pts. Methods: Eligibility: MF, IPSS high risk, Int-2, or symptomatic Int-1; palpable spleen ≥5cm; platelets ≥ 50 K/μl, and no Gr ≥2 peripheral neuropathy (PN). Stratification by Tx dependency and platelets (&lt;100, 100-200 and &gt;200 K/μl). Pts were randomized 1:1 to 24 wks of MMB 200 mg qd + RUX placebo or RUX 20 mg bid (or modified per label) + MMB placebo, after which all pts could receive open label MMB. Assessments: spleen volume by MRI, and pt reported Sx using a daily eDiary of modified MPN-SAF Total Sx Score (TSS). Primary endpoint was splenic response rate (SRR; ≥35% reduction in volume from baseline) at 24 wks. Secondary endpoints, evaluated sequentially at 24 wks, were rates of TSS response (≥50% reduction from baseline), RBC Tx independence (TI), RBC Tx dependence (TD) and of RBC Tx . Results: 175 of 215 (81%) and 201 of 217 (93%) pts randomized to MMB and RUX, respectively, completed the 24 wk DB phase. Efficacy results are shown in Table. Most common Gr ≥3 AEs in the DB phase with MMB were thrombocytopenia (7%) and anemia (6%), and with RUX were anemia (23%), thrombocytopenia (5%) and neutropenia (5%). Gr ≥3 infections occurred in 7% of MMB and 3% of RUX pts. Treatment emergent PN occurred in 22 (10%) of MMB (all Gr ≤2) and 10 (5%) of RUX (9 Gr ≤2, 1 Gr 3) pts in DB phase, none discontinuing study drug for PN. Overall, AEs led to study drug D/C in 13% of MMB and 6% of RUX pts in DB phase. Conclusions: In pts with JAKi naive MF, 24 weeks of MMB is non-inferior to RUX for spleen response but not for symptom response. MMB treatment is associated with a reduced transfusion requirement. NCT01969838. [Table: see text]
Tissue Force Programs Cell Fate and Tumor Aggression
Authors: Jason J. Northey, Laralynne Przybyla, Valerie M. Weaver
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2017)

Abstract Biomechanical and biochemical cues within a tissue collaborate across length scales to direct cell fate during development and are critical for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Loss of tensional homeostasis in a tissue not only accompanies malignancy but may also contribute to oncogenic transformation. High mechanical stress in solid tumors can impede drug delivery and may additionally drive tumor progression and promote metastasis. Mechanistically, biomechanical forces can drive tumor aggression by inducing a mesenchymal-like switch in transformed cells so that they attain tumor-initiating or stem-like cell properties. Given that cancer stem cells have been linked to metastasis and treatment resistance, this raises the intriguing possibility that the elevated tissue mechanics in tumors could promote their aggression by programming their phenotype toward that exhibited by a stem-like cell. Significance: Recent findings argue that mechanical stress and elevated mechanosignaling foster malignant transformation and metastasis. Prolonged corruption of tissue tension may drive tumor aggression by altering cell fate specification. Thus, strategies that could reduce tumor mechanics might comprise effective approaches to prevent the emergence of treatment-resilient metastatic cancers. Cancer Discov; 7(11); 1224–37. ©2017 AACR.
Treatment Patterns and Outcomes Among Patients with Higher-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes Treated in a Real-World Setting: Electronic Medical Record-Based Data
Authors: Jill A Bell, Aaron Galaznik, Eileen Farrelly, Marlo Blazer, Brian Seal, Huai-Che Shih, Augustina Ogbonnaya, Michael Eaddy, Bruce J Dezube
Journal: Blood (2016)
Macrolides and Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia—Time for a Paradigm Shift?
Authors: Michael J. Smith
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Vigilância da malária nos países da União Europeia
Authors: F Legros, M Danis
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

A malaria e a doenca parasitaria mais importante no mundo (1,2). E endemica em 91 paises, estimando-se 300 a 500 milhoes de casos por ano. As formas graves de malaria ocorrem principalmente nas regioes tropicais. E a setima causa de morte, com cerca de 2 milhoes de obitos anuais e o seu controlo persiste como um problema prioritario de saude publica.
Increased Risk for Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus Among Medicaid Recipients ― Wisconsin, 2011–2015
Authors: Theresa Watts, Lauren Stockman, Justin Martin, Sheila Guilfoyle, James M. Vergeront
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

State surveillance during the last 10 years reveals a nationwide increase in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among young adults (1). The proportion of infants born to HCV-infected women is also increasing nationally (2). To estimate the proportion of infants born to HCV-infected women and the frequency of confirmed HCV infection in their infants, maternal name and date of birth from HCV reports in the Wisconsin Electronic Disease Surveillance System (WEDSS) were linked to Wisconsin Medicaid data for 2011-2015 births. During this period, in the Wisconsin Medicaid population, the proportion of women who had evidence of HCV infection during pregnancy increased 93%, from 1 in 368 pregnancies to 1 in 192. Among 183 infants born to women with evidence of HCV viremia during pregnancy, 34% received recommended HCV testing (3). Mother-to-infant (vertical) transmission was documented in 4% of infants. Improvements in HCV screening practices among pregnant women and infants could enhance identification of infants at risk for vertical transmission of HCV.
Specifically differentiated T cell subset promotes tumor immunity over fatal immunity
Authors: Abdulraouf Ramadan, Brad Griesenauer, Djamilatou Adom, Reuben Kapur, Helmut Hanenberg, Chen Liu, Mark H. Kaplan, Sophie Paczesny
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2017)

Allogeneic immune cells, particularly T cells in donor grafts, recognize and eliminate leukemic cells via graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) reactivity, and transfer of these cells is often used for high-risk hematological malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia. Unfortunately, these cells also attack host normal tissues through the often fatal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Full separation of GVL activity from GVHD has yet to be achieved. Here, we show that, in mice and humans, a population of interleukin-9 (IL-9)–producing T cells activated via the ST2–IL-33 pathway (T9IL-33 cells) increases GVL while decreasing GVHD through two opposing mechanisms: protection from fatal immunity by amphiregulin expression and augmentation of antileukemic activity compared with T9, T1, and unmanipulated T cells through CD8α expression. Thus, adoptive transfer of allogeneic T9IL-33 cells offers an attractive approach for separating GVL activity from GVHD.
Urinary Incontinence in Women
Authors: Christopher C. Muth
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Urinary Incontinence in WomenUrinary incontinence is the accidental loss of urine.Urinary incontinence occurs twice as often in women as in men and is more common as women get older.If left untreated, urinary incontinence can interfere with daily activities and lead to decreased quality of life.The October 24/31, 2017, issue of JAMA includes an article about urinary incontinence in women.
Enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> is phagocytosed by macrophages underlying villus-like intestinal epithelial cells: modeling ex vivo innate immune defenses of the human gut
Authors: Gaelle Noel, Michele Doucet, James P. Nataro, James B. Kaper, Nicholas C. Zachos, Marcela F. Pasetti
Journal: Gut Microbes (2017)

There is a paucity of information on diarrheagenic enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)'s interaction with innate immune cells, in part due to the lack of reliable models that recapitulate infection in human gut. In a recent publication, we described the development of an ex vivo enteroid-macrophage co-culture model using human primary cells. We reported that macrophages residing underneath the epithelial monolayer acquired "resident macrophage" phenotype characterized by lower production of inflammatory cytokines and strong phagocytic activity. These macrophages extended projections across the epithelium, which captured ETEC applied to the apical side of the epithelium and reduced luminal bacterial load. Additional evidence presented in this addendum confirms these findings and further demonstrates that macrophage adaptation occurs regardless of the stage of differentiation of epithelial cells, and that ETEC uptake arises rapidly after infection. The enteroid-macrophage co-culture represents a novel and relevant tool to study host-cell interactions and pathogenesis of enteric infections in humans.
Les gastroentérites à SRSV-1 à Malte - 1995
Authors: D Falzon
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1996)

Les petits virus ronds (SRSV, small round structured virus) sont connus pour provoquer des epidemies de gastroenterites dans les collectivites et representent 54 % de celles dues a des contaminations interhumaines et 6 % de celles dues a des contaminations d'origine alimentaire en Angleterre et Pays de Galles (1). La transmission s'effectue generalement de personne a personne mais egalement par les aliments, l'eau ou les objets contamines. La periode d'incubation est de 10 a 50 heures et la maladie est contagieuse a partir de la phase aigue et jusqu'a 48 heures apres la fin des symptomes (2). Ce rapport decrit une epidemie importante de gastroenterite a SRSV qui s'est produite dans un externat prive (ecole A) de Malte. Le Service de Sante Publique de Malte a ete averti le 23 novembre 1995 et a mene une enquete pour identifier la source de l'epidemie et maitriser sa propagation.
Monocyte chemotactic protein–induced protein 1 controls allergic airway inflammation by suppressing IL-5–producing TH2 cells through the Notch/Gata3 pathway
Authors: Hui Peng, Huan Ning, Qinghong Wang, Wenbao Lu, Yingzi Chang, Tony T. Wang, Jinping Lai, Pappachan E. Kolattukudy, Rong Hou, Daniel F. Hoft, Mark S. Dykewicz, Jianguo Liu
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)
TCT-32 Why does Exercise in Cold Air Increase Susceptibility to Myocardial Ischaemia?
Authors: Rupert Williams, Guus de Waard, Satpal Arri, Tiffany Patterson, Howard Ellis, Natalia Briceno, Amedeo Chiribiri, Brian Clapp, Niels van Royen, Divaka Perera, Michael Marber, Simon Redwood
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Randomized Phase II Trial of Two Schedules of Decitabine As Frontline Therapy in Elderly Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Ineligible for Standard Cytotoxic Induction Regimens
Authors: Maliha Khan, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Gautam Borthakur, Tapan M. Kadia, Xuelin Huang, Naval Daver, Courtney D DiNardo, Alessandra Ferrajoli, William G. Wierda, Zeev Estrov, Christopher B. Benton, Prithviraj Bose, Yesid Alvarado, Steven M. Kornblau, Maro Ohanian, Yvonne Gasior, Mary Ann Richie, Sherry Pierce, Elias J. Jabbour, Jorge E. Cortes, Farhad Ravandi
Journal: Blood (2016)
Small-Molecule Inhibition of PD-1 Transcription Is an Effective Alternative to Antibody Blockade in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Alison Taylor, David Rothstein, Christopher E. Rudd
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

The impact of PD-1 immune checkpoint therapy prompts exploration of other strategies to downregulate PD-1 for cancer therapy. We previously showed that the serine/threonine kinase, glycogen synthase kinase, GSK-3α/β, is a central regulator of PD-1 transcription in CD8+ T cells. Here, we show that the use of small-molecule inhibitors of GSK-3α/β (GSK-3i) to reduce pcdc1 (PD-1) transcription and expression was as effective as anti-PD-1 and PD-L1-blocking antibodies in the control of B16 melanoma, or EL4 lymphoma, in primary tumor and metastatic settings. Furthermore, the conditional genetic deletion of GSK-3α/β reduced PD-1 expression on CD8+ T cells and limited B16 pulmonary metastasis to the same degree as PD-1 gene deficiency. In each model, GSK-3i inhibited PD-1 expression on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, while increasing Tbx21 (T-bet) transcription, and the expression of CD107a+ (LAMP1) and granzyme B (GZMB) on CD8+ T cells. Finally, the adoptive transfer of T cells treated ex vivo with a GSK-3 inhibitor delayed the onset of EL4 lymphoma growth to a similar extent as anti-PD-1 pretreatment. Overall, our findings show how GSK-3 inhibitors that downregulate PD-1 expression can enhance CD8+ T-cell function in cancer therapy to a similar degree as PD-1-blocking antibodies.Significance: These findings show how GSK-3 inhibitors that downregulate PD-1 expression can enhance CD8+ T-cell function in cancer therapy to a similar degree as PD-1 blocking antibodies, offering a next-generation approach in the design of immunotherapeutic approaches for cancer management. Cancer Res; 78(3); 706-17. ©2017 AACR.
Abstract 20098: Treprostinil Improves Right Ventricular Function in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Rachel K Hopper, Yan Wang, Valerie DeMatteo, Steven M Kawut, Okan Elci, Rachel Rogers, Laura Mercer-Rosa
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in children due to right ventricular (RV) failure. Prostacyclin analogs improve outcomes in adult pu...
TCT-612 Comparison of Scoring Balloons Regarding the Effects on Post-Interventional Minimum Stent Area: A Single Center Randomized Trial
Authors: Takayuki Ishihara, Osamu Iida, Masashi Fujita, Masaharu Masuda, Shin Okamoto, Kiyonori Nanto, Takashi Kanda, Shota Okuno, Yasuhiro Matsuda, Toshiaki Mano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Differential associations of lower cardiac vagal tone with insulin resistance and insulin secretion in recently diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Dan Ziegler, Alexander Strom, Gidon Bönhof, Sonja Püttgen, Kálmán Bódis, Volker Burkart, Karsten Müssig, Julia Szendroedi, Daniel F. Markgraf, Michael Roden
Journal: Metabolism (2017)
A sífilis na Dinamarca – um surto em homens homosexuais em Copenhague, 2003-2004
Authors: S A Cowan
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

A Dinamarca esta conhecendo actualmente um surto de sifilis que comecou em 2003 e continua em 2004. Os dados do sistema nacional de vigilância mostram que a maior parte dos casos sao homens que tem relacoes sexuais com outros homens (HRSH) e que uma grande proporcao destes pacientes tambem sao positivos para o VIH. A proporcao de co-infeccoes pelo VIH em HRSH declaradas duranta a epidemia de sifilis nao variou de modo significativo comparada com os anos anteriores. A maioria dos casos foram notificados na cidade de Copenhague e 70% foram infectados no pais. A epidemia nao parece estar afetando os menores de 20 anos. Pensa-se que a maior parte dos HRSH apresentando uma co-infeccao sifilis/VIH ja estavam infectados pelo VIH no momento de adquirir a sifilis.
Emergence de la lymphogranulomatose vénérienne chez les hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec d’autres hommes en Allemagne
Authors: V Bremer, T Meyer, U Marcus, O Hamouda
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Une resurgence de lymphogranulomatose venerienne (LGV) a ete observee dans plusieurs pays europeens. En Allemagne, la LGV n’est pas une maladie a declaration obligatoire. Une recherche active des cas de LGV a ete mise en place en 2004 par l’Institut Robert Koch afin de decrire l’epidemie et estimer l’amplitude du probleme de la LGV en Allemagne. 
Des mises a jour sur l’epidemie de LGV ont ete publiees dans le bulletin national allemand d’epidemiologie. Il a ete demande aux medecins d’envoyer leurs echantillons a un laboratoire pour genotypage. Un cas possible etait defini comme une personne presentant des symptomes de proctite et/ou un gonflement des ganglions inguinaux, de meme qu’une serologie positive pour chlamydia. Un cas probable presentait en plus test PCR (urinaire ou rectal) positif pour chlamydia. Un cas etait confirme si le genotype L1-L3 etait identifie par sequencage du gene omp1. 
Depuis 2003, une LGV a ete rapportee chez 78 patients masculins en Allemagne, le genotype L2 a ete confirme chez 61 d’entre eux. Cinquante-huit (74%) des 78 patients etaient des hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec d’autres hommes (HSH). Cinquante-cinq (71%) patients presentaient des sympomes rectaux et 49 (63%) connaissaient leur statut positif pour le VIH. Soixante-deux patients (79%) habitaient Berlin ou Hambourg. 
L’emergence de la LGV chez les HSH en Allemagne est survenue a la meme periode que dans d’autres pays d’Europe. On pense que la LGV pourrait devenir endemique dans la communaute homosexuelle masculine des metropoles allemandes, en raison de l’augmentation continue du nombre de cas declares. Cette augmentation, ainsi que la prevalence elevee du VIH chez les patients atteints de LGV, constitue un probleme de sante publique preoccupant. Afin d’assurer une bonne information aupres des cliniciens et des homosexuels masculins, il est indispensable de renforcer les campagnes actuelles de sensibilisation et de prevention des infections sexuellement transmissibles et du VIH.
Development of PEGylated aspartic acid-modified liposome as a bone-targeting carrier for the delivery of paclitaxel and treatment of bone metastasis
Authors: Shugo Yamashita, Hidemasa Katsumi, Nozomi Hibino, Yugo Isobe, Yumiko Yagi, Yuka Tanaka, Saki Yamada, Chihiro Naito, Akira Yamamoto
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
Human Umbilical Cord MSCs as New Cell Sources for Promoting Periodontal Regeneration in Inflammatory Periodontal Defect
Authors: Fengqing Shang, Shiyu Liu, Leiguo Ming, Rong Tian, Fang Jin, Yin Ding, Yongjie Zhang, Hongmei Zhang, Zhihong Deng, Yan Jin
Journal: Theranostics (2017)

Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) transplantation represents a promising approach for periodontal regeneration; however, the cell source is limited due to the invasive procedure required for cell isolation. As human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) can be harvested inexpensively and inexhaustibly, here we evaluated the regenerative potentials of hUCMSCs as compared with hPDLSCs to determine whether hUCMSCs could be used as new cell sources for periodontal regeneration. Methods The characteristics of hUCMSCs, including multi-differentiation ability and anti-inflammatory capability, were determined by comparison with hPDLSCs. We constructed cell aggregates (CA) using hUCMSCs and hPDLSCs respectively. Then hPDLSCs-CA and hUCMSCs-CA were combined with β-tricalcium phosphate bioceramic (β-TCP) respectively and their regenerative potentials were determined in a rat inflammatory periodontal defect model. Results hPDLSCs showed higher osteogenic differentiation potentials than hUCMSCs. Meanwhile, hUCMSCs showed higher extracellular matrix secretion and anti-inflammatory abilities than hPDLSCs. Similar to hPDLSCs, hUCMSCs were able to contribute to regeneration of both soft and hard periodontal tissues under inflammatory periodontitis condition. There were more newly formed bone and periodontal ligaments in hPDLSCs and hUCMSCs groups than in non-cell treated group. Moreover, no significant differences of regenerative promoting effects between hPDLSCs and hUCMSCs were found. Conclusion: hUCMSCs generated similar promoting effects on periodontal regeneration compared with hPDLSCs, and can be used as new cell sources for periodontal regeneration.
El control de las enfermedades transmisibles en trabajadores inmigrantes agrícolas temporales: estudio de casos en Noruega
Authors: P J Guérin, L Vold, P Aavitsland
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

La informacion sobre el estado sanitario de los trabajadores inmigrantes agricolas de temporada en Europa es escasa. El acceso a la atencion sanitaria de esta poblacion depende de las leyes nacionales y de su estatuto legal en el pais de acogida. Este articulo describe un estudio de casos de un brote de salmonelosis en Noruega y pone de manifiesto los problemas encontrados a la hora de cumplir las medidas de control especificas en esta poblacion de trabajadores. Es importante que la vigilancia y el control de las enfermedades infecciosas tengan un apoyo legislativo que permita la aplicacion de las medidas de control. A pesar de los esfuerzos hechos para mejorar el derecho de los trabajadores inmigrantes en terminos de salud, estos trabajadores siguen siendo “marginales” para estas medidas. Es necesario prestar una atencion especial a este grupo de poblacion desfavorecido en terminos de derechos sociales y sanitarios. Se deberian mejorar los planes de preparacion para luchar contra los patogenos transmisibles que afectan a estas poblaciones de temporada.