tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Disease Disparities
Authors: Clyde W. Yancy
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Cardiovascular, thromboembolic and renal outcomes in IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura): a retrospective cohort study using routinely collected primary care data
Authors: Alexander Tracy, Anuradhaa Subramanian, Nicola J Adderley, Paul Cockwell, Charles Ferro, Simon Ball, Lorraine Harper, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

Background IgA vasculitis (IgAV, Henoch-Schönlein purpura) is a small-vessel vasculitis most common in children but also occurring in adults. Case series have suggested that IgAV may be associated with cardiovascular disease and venous thromboembolism, but this has not been evaluated in population-based studies. Renal disease and hypertension are possible complications of the disease with unknown incidence. Methods Using a large UK primary care database, we conducted an open retrospective matched cohort study of cardiovascular, venous thrombotic and renal outcomes in adult-onset and childhood-onset IgAV. Control participants were selected at a 2:1 ratio, matched for age and sex. Adjusted HRs (aHRs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results 2828 patients with adult-onset IgAV and 10 405 patients with childhood-onset IgAV were compared with age-matched and sex-matched controls. There was significantly increased risk of hypertension (adult-onset aHR 1.42, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.70, p &lt; 0.001; childhood-onset aHR 1.52, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.89, p &lt; 0.001) and stage G3–G5 chronic kidney disease (adult-onset aHR 1.54, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.93, p &lt; 0.001; childhood-onset aHR 1.89, 95% CI 1.16 to 3.07, p=0.010). There was no evidence of association with ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease or venous thromboembolism. All-cause mortality was increased in the adult-onset IgAV cohort compared with controls (aHR 1.27, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.50, p=0.006). Conclusions Patients with IgAV are at increased risk of hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with individuals without IgAV; analysis restricted to adult-onset IgAV patients showed increased mortality. Appropriate surveillance and risk factor modification could improve long-term outcomes in these patients.
GM-CSF Blockade during Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy Reduces Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurotoxicity and May Enhance Their Effector Functions
Authors: Rosalie M. Sterner, Reona Sakemura, Nan Yang, Michelle J. Cox, Roman H. Khadka, Cynthia L. Forsman, Michael J. Hansen, Fang Jin, Katayoun Ayasoufi, Mehrdad Hefazi, Baustin M. Welch, Kendall J. Schick, Denise K Walters, German Martinez, Omar Ahmed, Tarek Sahmoud, Cameron Durrant, Wendy K. Nevala, Mrinal M. Patnaik, Stephen J. Russell, Larry Pease, Neil E. Kay, Karen E. Hedin, Aaron J. Johnson, Saad S. Kenderian
Journal: Blood (2018)
Impact of glioblastoma (GBM)-related cognitive dysfunction (CD) on caregiver burden: Preliminary results from multi-site study in the U.S.
Authors: Trang H. Au, Hillevi Bauer, Jyothi Menon, Connor Willis, Eli Iacob, Junjie Ma, Alexandre Watanabe, Ryan Nelson, Beata Korytowsky, Prianka Singh, Alexander Marshall, Nicole Willmarth, Phioanh Leia Nghiemphu, Laura Dovek, Katherine B. Peters, Bea Balajonda, Adam Louis Cohen, Howard Colman, David D. Stenehjem, Diana I. Brixner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

16 Background: GBM is a largely incurable, highly aggressive cancer with high incidence of CD. Caregivers face heightened stress with loved one’s limited life expectancy and additional duties. To better understand this unique group, a survey tool was developed to examine effect of CD on caregiver burden. Methods: Four of 10 planned academic centers are enrolling towards achieving 200+ completed surveys. The survey was developed step-wise: 1) literature review of primary brain tumors, Alzheimer’s disease, and dementia to identify domains; 2) focus groups with neurooncologists and American Brain Tumor Association advocates to narrow domains; 3) caregiver interviews to verify selected domains; 4) single-site pilot study to confirm content (n=20). Dyads with caregiver survey and respective patient’s clinical data are created as possible. Results: Complete data from 31 caregivers and 28 dyads enrolled at Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah and University of California, Los Angeles are currently available. Response rate was 88% for caregivers and 90% for patients. Among caregivers, 87% were patient spouse/partner, 84% female, average age 56 years, 42% currently employed, 32% have no additional help, and 26% are primary caregivers for others. Patients were male (74%), average age 59 years, not working (84%), and being treated for initial diagnosis (67%). Proportion of caregivers performing ≥ 1 caregiving task, i.e. meal preparation, doubled from before to after diagnosis (48% vs. 97%). The majority of caregivers (90%) perceived memory problems in a loved one over last 14 days. Trouble remembering recent events or things interfered with 71% of caregivers’ daily life "somewhat", "quite a bit", or "very much". When ranking effect of CD on caregiver’s general quality of life on a scale of 0 (none) to 10 (significant), 60% and 23% of caregivers indicated ≥ 5 and ≥ 8, respectively. Caregivers’ responses to survey satisfaction questions showed only 23% feel enough is being done to understand caregiving in GBM and 76% were satisfied overall with the survey. Conclusions: Caregivers are affected daily and significantly by GBM-related CD. Results will be updated at time of presentation.
Quality and Safety in Health Care, Part XLIX
Authors: Jay A. Harolds
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

Mentoring and coaching are activities that are quite helpful in having doctors become happy, engaged, and successful in their work and also help prevent burnout. Coaching helps promote a better balance between work, rest, family, and fun pursuits. Coaching also helps the one being coached develop better emotional awareness, become more cognizant of the good he/she has done, develop a positive outlook on life, find more meaning in work, and be better able to overcome obstacles. In ways such as these, the coach helps his/her client become more resilient and recover from burnout.
Remote loading of liposomes with a <sup>124</sup>I-radioiodinated compound and their <i>in vivo</i> evaluation by PET/CT in a murine tumor model
Authors: Gokce Engudar, Henrik Schaarup-Jensen, Frederikke P Fliedner, Anders E Hansen, Paul Kempen, Rasmus I Jølck, Andreas Kjæer, Thomas L Andresen, Mads H Clausen, Andreas I Jensen, Jonas R Henriksen
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Background and Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy, and its current management relies heavily on locoregional therapy for curative therapy, bridge to transplant, and palliative therapy.Locoregional therapies include ablation and hepatic artery directed therapies such as embolization and radioembolization.In this study we evaluate the feasibility of using novel antivascular ultrasound (AVUS) as a noninvasive locoregional therapy to reduce perfusion in HCC lesions in a rat model and monitor the effect with contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging.Methods: HCC was induced in 36 Wistar rats by the ingestion of 0.01% diethylnitrosamine (DEN) for 12 weeks.Two therapy regimens of AVUS were evaluated.A primary regimen (n = 19) utilized 2 W/cm 2 , 3 MHz ultrasound (US) for 6 minutes insonation with 0.7 ml of microbubbles administered as an intravenous bolus.An alternate dose at half the primary intensity, sonication time, and contrast concentration was evaluated in 11 rats to assess the efficacy of a reduced dose.A control group (n = 6) received a sham therapy.Tumor perfusion was measured before and after AVUS with non-linear contrast ultrasound (NLC) and power Doppler (PD).The quantitative perfusion measures included perfusion index (PI), peak enhancement (PE), time to peak (TTP), and perfusion area from NLC and PD scans.Total tumor area perfused during the scan was measured by a postprocessing algorithm termed delta projection.Tumor histology was evaluated for signs of tissue injury and for vascular changes using CD31 immunohistochemistry. Results: DEN exposure induced autochthonous hepatocellular carcinoma lesions in all rats.Across all groups prior to therapy, there were no significant differences in the nonlinear contrast observations of peak enhancement and perfusion index.In the control group, there were no significant differences in any of the parameters after sham treatment.After the primary AVUS regimen tested, there were significant changes in all parameters (p ≤ 0.05) indicating substantial decreases in tumor perfusion.Peak enhancement in nonlinear contrast scans showed a 37.9% ± 10.05% decrease in tumor perfusion.Following reduced dose AVUS, there were no significant changes in perfusion parameters, although there was a trend for the nonlinear contrast observations of peak enhancement and perfusion index to increase. Ivyspring
Increased levels of systemic LPS-positive bacterial extracellular vesicles in patients with intestinal barrier dysfunction
Authors: Joeri Tulkens, Glenn Vergauwen, Jan Van Deun, Edward Geeurickx, Bert Dhondt, Lien Lippens, Marie-Angélique De Scheerder, Ilkka Miinalainen, Pekka Rappu, Bruno G De Geest, Katrien Vandecasteele, Debby Laukens, Linos Vandekerckhove, Hannelore Denys, Jo Vandesompele, Olivier De Wever, An Hendrix
Journal: Gut (2018)

We read with interest recent papers reporting on the impact of gut microbiota on several aspects of health and disease due to altered intestinal permeability resulting in systemic immune activation by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP), a process termed microbial translocation.1–4 Common to these studies is the analysis of systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major outer membrane PAMP of Gram-negative bacteria, to quantitatively assess microbial translocation. While systemic LPS is typically regarded as a soluble product, either or not neutralised by lipoproteins and endotoxin core antibodies, LPS is also released as a membrane-associated PAMP through extracellular vesicles (EV).5–7 Bacterial EV are nanometre-sized membrane particles transporting nucleic acids, metabolites, proteins and endotoxins.8 As such, bacterial EV that enter the systemic circulation may deliver and elicit a variety of immunological and metabolic responses in different organs including the brain.9 To date, the systemic presence and activity of bacterial EV in patients with intestinal barrier dysfunction have not been investigated.

Here, we fractionated plasma of 49 subjects to distinguish bacterial EV-associated LPS from other LPS products (online supplementary file 1 …
Abstract 18186: ECG-axis as a Predictor of Mortality in a Population With High Prevalence of Chagas Disease: The 14-year Follow-up of the Bambuí Study of Aging
Authors: Diego N Moraes, Bruno R Nascimento, Andrea Z Beaton, Elsayed Z Soliman, Luisa C Brant, Antonio Luiz P Ribeiro
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The P-wave, T-wave and QRS electrical axes are routinely reported measures on the printouts of most contemporary electrocardiograms (ECG). We sought to investigate the prognostic valu...
Comparison of health care-related social media and Internet usage between patients treated with curative and palliative intent.
Authors: Alexander Magony, Katrina Hueniken, Shayan Kassirian, Ilana Geist, Chelsea Paulo, Lawson Eng, Elliot Charles Smith, Arielle Geist, Pryangka Rao, M. Catherine Brown, Mindy Liang, Dongyang Yang, Wei Xu, Jackie Bender, Abha A. Gupta, Geoffrey Liu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

173 Background: Cancer patients (pts) are increasingly searching online for information and support. Online resource usage and preferences may differ between patients treated with curative versus palliative intent. Methods: Cancer pts completed a cross-sectional survey at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, assessing their usage and perceptions of social media and the internet with regards to their cancer. Associations between patients’ responses and treatment intent were evaluated univariably (t-tests, chi-squared tests) and multivariably (linear/logistic regression). Results: In a univariable analysis comparing 65 palliative pts (PALL) and 222 curative pts, PALL were more likely to be older (p &lt; 0.001) and less likely to be currently employed or a student (p &lt; 0.001); they were less likely to use the internet (91% vs. 97%, p = 0.03), social media (68% vs. 87%, p &lt; 0.001), and used social media less frequently than curative patients (66% vs. 83%, p = 0.01). PALL were less likely to be interested in an online personal health record (62% vs 76%, p = 0.04) and more likely to indicate that they would not use online information (17% vs. 7%, p = 0.02), compared to curative pts. PALL were more likely to be unfamiliar with social media (20% vs. 7%, p = 0.01), to not know how to use social media (21% vs. 7%, p &lt; 0.001), and to have difficulty finding information (14% vs. 5%, p = 0.03). However, no significant differences by intent were identified after adjustment in a multivariable analysis controlling for age. Conclusions: After the age differences between both groups were adjusted for, there were no significant differences in patients’ online activity nor their perceptions of the trustworthiness, utility, and role of social media, and the Internet. These similarities suggest that online resources for PALL can be developed simultaneously with curative pts.
Abstract 12096: Interruptions of Views Are Associated With Failed Endotracheal Intubation and Shallow Laryngoscopic Blade Position is Associated With Longer Attempt Time in the Prehospital Settings
Authors: Hiromichi Naito, Francis X Guyette, Clifton W Callaway
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Endotracheal intubation (ETI) is an essential skill for the critically ill patient. Prehospital ETI can be complicated by austere conditions and limited support, sometimes resulting in failure to intubate. Video laryngoscopy (VL) is primary a technical augmentation to facilitate ETI. VL also provides opportunity for evaluation of the technique or airway conditions during ETI. Hypothesis: We tested whether clinical variables were associated with failed ETI and longer attempt time performed by prehospital providers. Methods: A retrospective case control study was conducted with patients transported from Dec 2009 to Feb 2015 by air critical care medical service. The VL used in the study has the ability to display and digitally record the procedure which can be reviewed after the incident. An ETI attempt was defined by placing the VL into patient’s mouth. We obtained outcome variables and blade tip position during the procedure. The primary outcome measure was successful ETI attempt and the secondary outcome measure was time to accomplish a successful attempt. A multivariable logistic regression model was used for the primary outcome. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used for the secondary outcome. Results: 304 intubation attempts in 268 patients were analyzed. There were 244 successful attempts and 60 failed attempts. Blade tip generally moved from shallower position to vallecular. 53.5% of the attempt was at shallow position 4 sec after the initiation of the procedure. Longer attempt time (p = 0.02; OR 0.98), higher Cormak-Lehane view (p &lt; 0.001; OR 0.22), bodily fluids obstructing the view (p = 0.007; OR 0.26), and VL equipment error (p &lt; 0.001; OR 0.13) were associated with failed attempts. The bodily fluids obstructing the view (p &lt; 0.001; HR 0.51), and VL equipment error (p = 0.003; HR 0.42) were also associated with longer ETI attempt time. Shallow placement of blade tip at 4 seconds of intubation (p &lt; 0.001; HR 0.40) was another factor associated with longer ETI attempt time. Conclusions: The variables interrupting the view during ETI were the major concerns associated with failed ETI attempts. The result also demonstrated high frequency of the shallow blade tip position and longer attempt time in this situation.
Advancing Our Understanding of the Who, When, and Why of Suicide Risk
Authors: Matthew K. Nock, Franchesca Ramirez, Osiris Rankin
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Computer-aided diagnosis using deep learning in the evaluation of early oesophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Alanna Ebigbo, Robert Mendel, Andreas Probst, Johannes Manzeneder, Luis Antonio de Souza Jr, João P Papa, Christoph Palm, Helmut Messmann
Journal: Gut (2018)

Computer-aided diagnosis using deep learning (CAD-DL) may be an instrument to improve endoscopic assessment of Barrett’s oesophagus (BE) and early oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Based on still images from two databases, the diagnosis of EAC by CAD-DL reached sensitivities/specificities of 97%/88% (Augsburg data) and 92%/100% (Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention [MICCAI] data) for white light (WL) images and 94%/80% for narrow band images (NBI) (Augsburg data), respectively. Tumour margins delineated by experts into images were detected satisfactorily with a Dice coefficient ( D ) of 0.72. This could be a first step towards CAD-DL for BE assessment. If developed further, it could become a useful adjunctive tool for patient management.

The incidence of BE and EAC in the West is rising significantly, and because of its close association with the metabolic syndrome this trend is expected to continue.1–3 Reports of CAD in BE analysis have used mainly handcrafted features based on texture and colour.4–7 In our study, two databases (Augsburg data and the ‘Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted-Intervention’ [MICCAI] data) were used to train and test a CAD system on the basis of a deep convolutional neural net (CNN) with a residual net (ResNet) architecture.8 Images included 148 high-definition (1350×1080 pixels) WL and NBI of 33 early EAC and 41 areas of non-neoplastic Barrett’s mucosa in the Augsburg data set, while the MICCAI data set contained 100 high-definition (1600×1200 pixels) WL images—17 early EAC and 22 areas of non-neoplastic Barrett’s mucosa. All images were pathologically validated and this served as the ground truth for the classification task. Manual delineation of tumour margins by experts was the reference standard for the segmentation task.

The ResNet …
Molecular mechanisms of carfilzomib-induced cardiotoxicity in mice and the emerging cardioprotective role of metformin
Authors: Panagiotis Efentakis, Georgios Kremastiotis, Aimilia Varela, Panagiota-Efstathia Nikolaou, Eleni-Dimitra Papanagnou, Constantinos H. Davos, Maria Tsoumani, Georgios Agrogiannis, Anastasia Konstantinidou, Efstathios Kastritis, Zoi Kanaki, Efstathios K. Iliodromitis, Apostolos Klinakis, Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Ioannis P. Trougakos, Ioanna Andreadou, Evangelos Terpos
Journal: Blood (2018)
GPs order three times as many diagnostic tests as 15 years ago, study finds
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2018)

GPs now order more than three times as many diagnostic tests as they did 15 years ago, dramatically increasing practices’ workload, a study published in The BMJ shows.1

Using figures from the UK General Practices in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, researchers at the universities of Oxford, Bristol, and Southampton looked at the change in numbers of tests ordered by general practices between 1 April 2000 and 31 March 2016.

They found that the number of tests ordered per 10 000 person years more …