tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reversible Notch1 acetylation tunes proliferative signalling in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Chiara Collesi, Giulia Felician, Ilaria Secco, Maria Ines Gutierrez, Elisa Martelletti, Hashim Ali, Lorena Zentilin, Michael P Myers, Mauro Giacca
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2017)

The Notch signalling pathway regulates the balance between proliferation and differentiation in several tissues, including the heart. Our previous work has demonstrated that the proliferative potential of neonatal cardiomyocytes relies on Notch1 activity. A deep investigation on the biochemical regulation of the Notch signalling in cardiomyocytes is the focus of the current research.We show that the Notch1 intracellular domain is acetylated in proliferating neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and that acetylation tightly controls the amplitude and duration of Notch signalling. We found that acetylation extends the half-life of the protein, and enhanced its transcriptional activity, therefore counteracting apoptosis and sustaining cardiomyocyte proliferation. Sirt1 acted as a negative modulator of Notch1 signalling; its overexpression in cardiomyocytes reverted Notch acetylation and dampened its stability. A constitutively acetylated fusion protein between Notch1 and the acetyltransferase domain of p300 promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation, which was remarkably sustained over time. Viral vector-mediated expression of this protein enhanced heart regeneration after apical resection in neonatal mice.These results identify the reversible acetylation of Notch1 as a novel mechanism to modulate its signalling in the heart and tune the proliferative potential of cardiomyocytes.
Oncology care model: Early palliative care experiences and outcomes.
Authors: Pamela Spain, Nathan West, Stephanie Teixeira-Poit, Elizabeth Schaefer, Kerry Ketler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

37 Background: Through the Oncology Care Model (OCM), the Center for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Innovation at the Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services aims to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of cancer care. OCM practices have committed to provide enhanced services to Medicare beneficiaries, including palliative care designed to optimize quality of life. This study examines if OCM practices engaging in early palliative care discussions have timely hospice referrals as well a lower aggressive end-of-life care and Medicare costs. Methods: During site visits to 30 OCM practices, we asked was How and when is palliative care introduced to patients? We used Medicare claims data to stratify the 30 practices into high or low performers based on 3 end-of-life quality measures scores. Next, we examined their scores on Cancer CAHPS shared decision making and Medicare expenditures, as well as what staff reported about the use of palliative care during site visits. Claims and CAHPS data encompass the first 6 months of OCM, July-December 2016. Site visits were conducted February - May 2017. Results: Patient risk scores were equal among practice groups. High Performers said: “Palliative care is introduced right off the bat. We provide information on hospice and palliative care so it’s not a word they find with end of life only. It’s a difficult conversation but you have to put it out there. As part of patient education, we say the differences between palliative care and hospice. Low Performers said: “Palliative care is introduced on a case by case basis. To transfer to an inpatient hospice, now you have to be on your last breath. Programs that get cut because they are not integral to the patients’ acute issues include palliative care. If hospice comes up, I pull palliative care at that point.” Conclusions: Early OCM results support growing evidence that palliative care shared decision making discussions are most beneficial near the time of cancer diagnosis. [Table: see text]
Association of Hormonal Contraception With Suicide Attempts and Suicides
Authors: Charlotte Wessel Skovlund, Lina Steinrud Mørch, Lars Vedel Kessing, Theis Lange, Øjvind Lidegaard
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2017)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the relative risk of suicide attempt and suicide in users of hormonal contraception. Method: The authors assessed associations between hormonal contraceptive use and suicide attempt and suicide in a nationwide prospective cohort study of all women in Denmark who had no psychiatric diagnoses, antidepressant use, or hormonal contraceptive use before age 15 and who turned 15 during the study period, which extended from 1996 through 2013. Nationwide registers provided individually updated information about use of hormonal contraception, suicide attempt, suicide, and potential confounding variables. Psychiatric diagnoses or antidepressant use during the study period were considered potential mediators between hormonal contraceptive use and risk of suicide attempt. Adjusted hazard ratios for suicide attempt and suicide were estimated for users of hormonal contraception as compared with those who never used hormonal contraception. Results: Among nearly half a million women followed on average for 8.3 years (3.9 million person-years) with a mean age of 21 years, 6,999 first suicide attempts and 71 suicides were identified. Compared with women who never used hormonal contraceptives, the relative risk among current and recent users was 1.97 (95% CI=1.85–2.10) for suicide attempt and 3.08 (95% CI=1.34–7.08) for suicide. Risk estimates for suicide attempt were 1.91 (95% CI=1.79–2.03) for oral combined products, 2.29 (95% CI=1.77–2.95) for oral progestin-only products, 2.58 (95% CI=2.06–3.22) for vaginal ring, and 3.28 (95% CI=2.08–5.16) for patch. The association between hormonal contraceptive use and a first suicide attempt peaked after 2 months of use. Conclusions: Use of hormonal contraception was positively associated with subsequent suicide attempt and suicide. Adolescent women experienced the highest relative risk.
Association of sputum and blood eosinophil concentrations with clinical measures of COPD severity: an analysis of the SPIROMICS cohort
Authors: Annette T Hastie, Fernando J Martinez, Jeffrey L Curtis, Claire M Doerschuk, Nadia N Hansel, Stephanie Christenson, Nirupama Putcha, Victor E Ortega, Xingnan Li, R Graham Barr, Elizabeth E Carretta, David J Couper, Christopher B Cooper, Eric A Hoffman, Richard E Kanner, Eric Kleerup, Wanda K O'Neal, Richard Paine, Stephen P Peters, Neil E Alexis, Prescott G Woodruff, MeiLan K Han, Deborah A Meyers, Eugene R Bleecker, Neil E Alexis, Wayne H Anderson, R Graham Barr, Eugene R Bleecker, Richard C Boucher, Russell P Bowler, Elizabeth E Carretta, Stephanie A Christenson, Alejandro P Comellas, Christopher B Cooper, David J Couper, Gerard J Criner, Ronald G Crystal, Jeffrey L Curtis, Claire M Doerschuk, Mark T Dransfield, Christine M Freeman, MeiLan K Han, Nadia N Hansel, Annette T Hastie, Eric A Hoffman, Robert J Kaner, Richard E Kanner, Eric C Kleerup, Jerry A Krishnan, Lisa M LaVange, Stephen C Lazarus, Fernando J Martinez, Deborah A Meyers, John D Newell, Elizabeth C Oelsner, Wanda K O'Neal, Robert Paine, Nirupama Putcha, Stephen I. Rennard, Donald P Tashkin, Mary Beth Scholand, J Michael Wells, Robert A Wise, Prescott G Woodruff
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2017)
Association of First-in-Class Immune Checkpoint Inhibition and Targeted Therapy With Survival in Patients With Stage IV Melanoma
Authors: Andrew J. Sinnamon, Madalyn G. Neuwirth, Phyllis A. Gimotty, Tara C. Gangadhar, Ravi K. Amaravadi, Lynn M. Schuchter, Giorgos C. Karakousis
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)
Brown Fat AKT2 Is a Cold-Induced Kinase that Stimulates ChREBP-Mediated De Novo Lipogenesis to Optimize Fuel Storage and Thermogenesis
Authors: Joan Sanchez-Gurmaches, Yuefeng Tang, Naja Zenius Jespersen, Martina Wallace, Camila Martinez Calejman, Sharvari Gujja, Huawei Li, Yvonne J.K. Edwards, Christian Wolfrum, Christian M. Metallo, Søren Nielsen, Camilla Scheele, David A. Guertin
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2017)
Bortezomib for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Chao Zhang, Fu-Dong Shi
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2017)

In Reply We thank Taylor and Irani for their valuable insights and Kim’s inquiries about serial B-cell levels, plasma cell counts, and the maintenance of efficacy, as well as the safety of our recent report on bortezomib treatment in more severe neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) cases.
Capsules for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Recurrent <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Infection
Authors: Krishna Rao, Vincent B. Young, Preeti N. Malani
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ectopic Adrenocorticotropic Hormone–Secreting Pituitary Adenoma Localized by 18F-Choline PET/CT
Authors: Alessandro Sindoni, Valentina Bodanza, Rosa Tatta, Tanja Baresic, Eugenio Borsatti
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2017)

The criterion standard of treatment of an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenoma is complete surgical excision. However, ectopic location of these adenomas is an extremely rare condition, which may affect the diagnosis and treatment success. We report a case of a 49-year-old man who was referred to our institution with persistent hypercortisolemia after an unsuccessful attempt of surgical resection. F-choline PET/CT revealed increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in a nodule localized in the left maxillary sinus, which was proved at histology to be an ectopic ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma staining positive for ACTH. Imaging with F-FDG PET/CT and Ga-DOTA-NOC PET/CT was not diagnostic.
Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy: state of the evidence from a systematic review of randomised trials
Authors: Daniel E Roth, Michael Leung, Elnathan Mesfin, Huma Qamar, Jessica Watterworth, Eszter Papp
Journal: BMJ (2017)

<b>Objectives</b>&nbsp;To estimate the effects of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on 11 maternal and 27 neonatal/infant outcomes; to determine frequencies at which trial outcome data were missing, unreported, or inconsistently reported; and to project the potential contributions of registered ongoing or planned trials. <b>Design</b>&nbsp;Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials; systematic review of registered but unpublished trials. <b>Data sources</b>&nbsp;Medline, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to September 2017; manual searches of reference lists of systematic reviews identified in the electronic search; and online trial registries for unpublished, ongoing, or planned trials. <b>Eligibility criteria for study selection</b>&nbsp;Trials of prenatal vitamin D supplementation with randomised allocation and control groups administered placebo, no vitamin D, or vitamin D ≤600 IU/day (or its equivalent), and published in a peer reviewed journal. <b>Results</b>&nbsp;43 trials (8406 participants) were eligible for meta-analyses. Median sample size was 133 participants. Vitamin D increased maternal/cord serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, but the dose-response effect was weak. Maternal clinical outcomes were rarely ascertained or reported, but available data did not provide evidence of benefits. Overall, vitamin D increased mean birth weight of 58.33 g (95% confidence interval 18.88 g to 97.78 g; 37 comparisons) and reduced the risk of small for gestational age births (risk ratio 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.40 to 0.90; seven comparisons), but findings were not robust in sensitivity and subgroup analyses. There was no effect on preterm birth (1.0, 0.77 to 1.30; 15 comparisons). There was strong evidence that prenatal vitamin D reduced the risk of offspring wheeze by age 3 years (0.81, 0.67 to 0.98; two comparisons). For most outcomes, meta-analyses included data from a minority of trials. Only eight of 43 trials (19%) had an overall low risk of bias. Thirty five planned/ongoing randomised controlled trials could contribute 12 530 additional participants to future reviews. <b>Conclusions</b>&nbsp;Most trials on prenatal vitamin D published by September 2017 were small and of low quality. The evidence to date seems insufficient to guide clinical or policy recommendations. Future trials should be designed and powered to examine clinical endpoints, including maternal conditions related to pregnancy (such as pre-eclampsia), infant growth, and respiratory outcomes. <b>Systematic review registration</b>&nbsp;PROSPERO CRD42016051292
Association between clinical and biochemical indices and survival in glioblastoma patients.
Authors: Wenli Liu, Aiham Qdaisat, Jason Yeung, Gabriel Lopez, Jeffrey S Weinberg, Lorenzo Cohen, Eduardo Bruera, Sai-Ching J. Yeung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

201 Background: Survival of glioblastoma remains grim. Identifying survival-associating factors may provide actionable targets for future research and clinical intervention to improve patient outcomes. Our study examined the association between multiple clinical and biochemical indices and survival in glioblastoma patients. Methods: 265 consecutive glioblastoma patients who received tumor resection between 1/1/2010 – 12/31/2014 were reviewed. Data about treatments (extent of tumor resection, radiation therapy, and use of temozolamide), medical history, vital signs, weight, and lab tests were collected. Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was calculated with ICD-9 codes. Lab and vital signs data within 30 days of surgery were excluded from the analysis. Cox regression for survival analysis was performed. Results: The mean age of the population was 57.5 years, with 78% death rate. The median survival was 19.1 months. Systolic blood pressure, blood glucose, and serum albumin were significant factors for survival while adjusting for known predictors, such as age, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), extent of tumor resection, and treatments (See Table). Conclusions: Optimization of medical comorbidities and nutritional status may have significant impact on the survival of glioblastoma patients aside from cancer specific treatments. The target range of systolic blood pressure, blood glucose, and serum albumin will need to be determined in future research. [Table: see text]
Impact of Prognostic Discussions on the Patient-Physician Relationship: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Joshua J. Fenton, Paul R. Duberstein, Richard L. Kravitz, Guibo Xing, Daniel J. Tancredi, Kevin Fiscella, Supriya Mohile, Ronald M. Epstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Purpose Some research has suggested that discussion of prognosis can disrupt the patient-physician relationship. This study assessed whether physician discussion of prognosis is associated with detrimental changes in measures of the strength of the patient-physician relationship. Methods This was a longitudinal cohort study of 265 adult patients with advanced cancer who visited 38 oncologists within community- and hospital-based cancer clinics in Western New York and Northern California. Prognostic discussion was assessed by coding transcribed audio-recorded visits using the Prognostic and Treatment Choices (PTCC) scale and by patient survey at 3 months after the clinic visit. Changes in the strength of the patient-physician relationship were computed as differences in patient responses to The Human Connection and the Perceived Efficacy in Patient-Physician Interactions scales from baseline to 2 to 7 days and 3 months after the clinic visit. Results Prognostic discussion was not associated with a temporal decline in either measure. Indeed, a one-unit increase in PTCC during the audio-recorded visit was associated with improvement in The Human Connection scale at 2 to 7 days after the visit (parameter estimate, 0.10; 95% CI, -0.02 to 0.23) and 3 months after the visit (parameter estimate, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.35) relative to baseline. Standardized effect sizes (SES) associated with an increase of two standard deviations in the PTCC at each time point were consistent with small beneficial effects (SES, 0.14 [95% CI, -0.02 to 0.29] at 2 to 7 days; SES, 0.24 [95% CI, 0.02 to 0.45] at 3 months), and lower bounds of CIs indicated that substantial detrimental effects of prognostic discussion were unlikely. Conclusion Prognostic discussion is not intrinsically harmful to the patient-physician relationship and may even strengthen the therapeutic alliance between patients and oncologists.
Abstract 19701: Is Acute Procedural or Extended Outcome Dependent Upon Spontaneous Atrial Fibrillation During Focal Impulse and Rotor Modulation?
Authors: Yash Shah, Martha Ferrara, Emily Hansinger, Dan Musat, Tina Sichrovsky, Mark Preminger, Suneet Mittal, Jonathan S Steinberg
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Focal impulse and rotor modulation ablation (FIRM) was based on the premise that atrial fibrillation (AF) is sustained by rotors sufficiently stable in space to be eliminated by targe...
Treatment of pathologic peri‐implant pockets
Authors: Stefan Renvert, Ioannis Polyzois
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2017)

Abstract Peri‐implant and periodontal pockets share a number of anatomical features but also have distinct differences. These differences make peri‐implant pockets more susceptible to trauma and infection than periodontal pockets. Inadequate maintenance can lead to infections (defined as peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis) within peri‐implant pockets. These infections are recognized as inflammatory diseases, which ultimately lead to the loss of supporting bone. Diagnostic and treatment methods conventionally used in periodontics have been adopted to assess and treat these diseases. Controlling infection includes elimination of the biofilm from the implant surface and efficient mechanical debridement. However, the prosthetic supra‐structure and implant surface characteristics can complicate treatment. Evidence shows that when appropriately managed, peri‐implant mucositis is reversible. Nonsurgical therapy, with or without the use of antimicrobials, will occasionally resolve peri‐implantitis, but for the majority of advanced lesions this approach is insufficient and surgery is indicated. The major objective of the surgical approach is to provide access and visualize the clinical situation. Hence, a more informed decision can be made regarding whether to use a resective or a regenerative surgical technique. Evidence shows that following successful decontamination, surgical treatment to regenerate the bone can be performed, and a number of regenerative techniques have been proposed. After treatment, regular maintenance and good oral hygiene are essential for a predictable outcome and long‐term stability.
Illicit substance use and opioid misuse in adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with cancer.
Authors: Ritika Oberoi-Jassal, Young Doo Chang, Joshua Smith, Sahana Rajasekhara, Vijay Desai, Alyssa L Fenech, Damon R. Reed, Diane Portman, Kristine A. Donovan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

205 Background: Rates of illicit substance use and misuse of opioid medications are high in the adolescent and young adult (AYA) general population. Despite this, screening for substance use and opioid misuse is not standard in the care of AYA oncology supportive/palliative care. To inform our clinical practice, we sought to determine the prevalence of illicit substance use and potential opioid misuse in AYA cancer patients relative to adult patients and to examine correlates of use and misuse. Methods: We conducted retrospective chart review of patients newly referred to an outpatient palliative care clinic between 2014 and 2016. Results: Consecutive patients (N = 963) underwent urine drug testing as part of their initial visit; 16% of patients were between 18 and 39 years of age. Rate of illicit drug use was 31% for AYAs and 19% for adults. AYAs were nearly 2 times more likely to have positive results for marijuana (OR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.19 – 2.69) and nearly 3 times more likely to test positive for amphetamines (OR = 2.94; 95% CI = 1.15 – 7.49). AYAs were no more likely than adults to test positive for cocaine, barbiturates or heroin. In univariate analyses, only male sex and being single, and no clinical characteristics or symptom scores, were significantly associated with illicit substance use (ps &lt; .05). AYAs were no more likely than adults to test positive for the presence of opioids, not currently prescribed (OR = 1.07; 95% CI = 0.70 – 1.65). No symptoms scores or demographic and clinical characteristics were significantly associated with misuse. Conclusions: AYA patients demonstrated a high rate of illicit substance use and similar rate of potential opioid misuse relative to adult patients. Findings suggest AYAs may benefit from consistent screening, support and treatment for substance use and potential opioid misuse during anticancer and cancer-related therapies.
Cause, Pathogenesis, and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Anna M. Diehl, Christopher Day
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a major cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer. It is associated with visceral adiposity and the metabolic syndrome and is nearly as common as type 2 diabetes. Metabolic stress, inflammation, and fibrosis are the primary pathogenic mechanisms.
Human Papillomavirus Immunity in Oropharyngeal Cancer: Time to Change the Game?
Authors: Simon Laban, Thomas K. Hoffmann
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2017)

For the first time, human papillomavirus (HPV)-specific immunity has been linked directly to the beneficial prognosis of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). Those patients lacking HPV immunity fare much worse. These results harbor crucial implications for future management of HPV-driven OPSCC as well as for its definition. Clin Cancer Res; 24(3); 505-7. ©2017 AACRSee related article by Welters et al., p. 634.
Considering experimental and observational evidence of priming together, syntax doesn't look so autonomous
Authors: Nicholas A Lester, John W Du Bois, Stefan Th Gries, Fermín Moscoso Del Prado Martín
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

We agree with Branigan & Pickering (B&P) that structural priming experiments should supplant grammaticality judgments for testing linguistic representation. However, B&P overlook a vast (corpus-)linguistic literature that converges with - but extends - the experimental findings. B&P conclude that syntax is functionally independent of the lexicon. We argue that a broader approach to priming reveals cracks in the façade of syntactic autonomy.