tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The impact of past vaccination coverage and immunity on pertussis resurgence
Authors: Matthieu Domenech de Cellès, Felicia M. G. Magpantay, Aaron A. King, Pejman Rohani
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2018)

Pertussis reemergence is underpinned by slowly waning immunity to both whole-cell and acellular vaccines together with incomplete past vaccination coverage.
Drug-Resistant Infections from Raw Milk
Authors: Bridget Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Case definitions for inclusion and analysis of endpoints in clinical trials for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through the lens of regulatory science
Authors: Mohammad Shadab Siddiqui, Stephen A. Harrison, Manal F. Abdelmalek, Quentin M. Anstee, Pierre Bedossa, Laurent Castera, Lara Dimick‐Santos, Scott L. Friedman, Katherine Greene, David E. Kleiner, Sophie Megnien, Brent A. Neuschwander‐Tetri, Vlad Ratziu, Elmer Schabel, Veronica Miller, Arun J. Sanyal
Journal: Hepatology (2017)

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an important cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. There are no approved therapies, and the results of clinical trials have been difficult to compare due to inconsistent definitions of relevant disease parameters in patients with NASH. The natural course of the disease has not been rigorously characterized, particularly with respect to the contributions of underlying obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other comorbidities and the treatments provided for these comorbidities. Efforts to perform analyses of pooled data are limited by heterogeneous case definitions used across studies to define disease states. There remains a major unmet need in the field to develop standardized definitions for populations for interventional trials. Such definitions are expected to impact how endpoints for clinical trials are constructed. The Liver Forum is a multistakeholder effort including US and European regulatory agencies, academic investigators, professional and patient representative organizations, and industry to catalyze therapeutic development for NASH by developing potential solutions to barriers to development. The Case Definitions Working Group was established by The Liver Forum to evaluate the validity of case definitions for populations to be included in clinical trials for NASH from a regulatory science perspective. Based on such analyses, specific recommendations are provided noting the strengths and weaknesses of the case definitions along with knowledge gaps that require additional study. (Hepatology 2018;67:2001-2012).
Abstract P304: High Cardiovascular Health Metrics Score Predicts Slower Cognitive Performance Decline in Coronary Patients
Authors: Uri Goldbourt, Miri Lutski, David Tanne
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: In 2010, the American Heart Association introduced a metric defining the concept of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics as part of its 2020 Impact Goals definition designed for the health general population. Several studies have demonstrated that a higher number of ideal CVH metrics were associated with a lower rate of cardiovascular events, stroke and all-cause mortality. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that a modified cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics score among patients with CHD may be associated with the change in cognitive functions two decades later in patients. Methods: CVH metrics were assessed in a subgroup of men, who had previously participated in a secondary prevention trial and two successive examinations of cognitive function (N=200, mean age at baseline 57.3±6.3 yrs.). A CVH metrics score at baseline was calculated including 3 health parameters, glucose, LDL-cholesterol, blood-pressure; and 4 health behaviors, smoking, obesity, physical-activity and adherence to Mediterranean diet. We scored each of these CVH metrics into best (2 points), intermediate (1 point), and poor levels (0 points). Cognitive performance was evaluated 14.7±1.9 and 19.9±1.0 years after entry to the trial. Cognitive function was assessed using the NeuroTrax Computerized Cognitive Battery. Linear mixed model was used to assess change in cognitive functions between T1 and T2 cognitive evaluations. Results: Among the 200 patients, 68 (34.0%) had less than 7 (bottom group), 85 (42.5%) had 8-9 (middle group) and 47 (23.5%) had at least 10 CVH metrics points (top group). After adjustments, the top group of CVH score vs. others was associated with slower decline in overall cognitive performance composite z-score [0.23±0.09; p=0.009] and on tests of executive and visual spatial functions [0.23±0.11; p=0.047 and 0.49±0.17; p=0.004, respectively]. A 3 point-Increment in the health behaviors component was related to a slower decline in visuospatial functions [0.325±0.12; p=0.01]. Conclusion: an inverse association was observed between the score of best CVH metrics and cognitive decline among men with pre-existing CHD.
Strategies targeting cellular senescence
Authors: Yossi Ovadya, Valery Krizhanovsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

Cellular senescence is a physiological phenomenon that has both beneficial and detrimental consequences. Senescence limits tumorigenesis and tissue damage throughout the lifetime. However, at the late stages of life, senescent cells increasingly accumulate in tissues and might also contribute to the development of various age-related pathologies. Recent studies have revealed the molecular pathways that preserve the viability of senescent cells and the ones regulating their immune surveillance. These studies provide essential initial insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for targeting senescent cells. At the same time they stress the need to understand the limitations of the existing strategies, their efficacy and safety, and the possible deleterious consequences of senescent cell elimination. Here we discuss the existing strategies for targeting senescent cells and upcoming challenges in translating these strategies into safe and efficient therapies. Successful translation of these strategies could have implications for treating a variety of diseases at old age and could potentially reshape our view of health management during aging.
Validating the Predictive Accuracy of the NAPLS-2 Psychosis Risk Calculator in a Clinical High-Risk Sample From the SHARP (Shanghai At Risk for Psychosis) Program
Authors: TianHong Zhang, HuiJun Li, YingYing Tang, Margaret A. Niznikiewicz, Martha E. Shenton, Matcheri S. Keshavan, William S. Stone, Robert W. McCarley, Larry J. Seidman, JiJun Wang
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2018)
Point de vue des médecins sur le dépistage par coloscopie des apparentés au premier degré d'un patient atteint de cancer colorectal
Authors: I Ingrand, S Dujoncquoy, M Beauchant, JC Letard, JP Dupuychaffray, P Ingrand
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Introduction: Les freins au dépistage par coloscopie des apparentés au premier degré des patients atteints de cancer colorectal ont fait l'objet d'une importante littérature internationale se plaçant du point de vue du patient. Mais à ce jour aucune étude n'a été réalisée auprès des médecins bien que, par leurs conseils et leur incitation, ils jouent un rôle prépondérant dans l'adhésion au dépistage ciblé. Le but de l'étude était d'examiner le point de vue des médecins généralistes et spécialistes portant sur l'incitation au dépistage ciblé des apparentés au premier degré d'un patient atteint de cancer colorectal afin d'explorer les freins et leviers aux recommandations de l'ANAES (2004).
PERORAL ENDOSCOPIC MYOTOMY FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACHALASIA IN CHILDREN: EXPERIENCE OF A SINGLE CENTER WITH LONG TERM FOLLOW-UP
Authors: F Mangiola, P Familiari, R Landi, A Cali', F Borrelli De Andreis, V Bove, F D'Aversa, A Costantini, I Boskoski, A Tringali, V Perri, G Costamagna
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) is widely used for treatment of achalasia. POEM has been also occasionally performed for the management of paediatric achalasia. We report on a large series of children with achalasia, treated with POEM in a single center with long-term follow-up.
Echoendoscopie médiastinale par double abord trans-oesophagien et trans-bronchique: étude de faisabilité sur 29 patients
Authors: O Favre, P Jacob, M Taulelle
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Introduction: L'échoendoscopie trans-oesophagienne permet une exploration du médiastin postérieur avec possibilité de ponction dans des conditions de sécurité démontrées, mais ne permet pas l'exploration des territoires ganglionnaires latéro et pré-trachéaux, dont l'analyse restait du domaine de la médiastinoscopie jusqu'à l'apparition de l'échoendoscopie trans-bronchique. Un abord échoendoscopique couplé par les deux voies a été suggéré comme une alternative moins invasive à la médiastinoscopie, dont ce travail se propose de rapporter la faisabilité.
NEW RENDEZVOUS TECHNIQUE WITH A HOMEMADE MONORAIL SPHINCTEROTOME
Authors: C Mangas, J Martínez, L Compañy, FA Ruiz, JA Casellas, J Ramón Aparicio
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Rendezvous technique involves some steps. First of all, when the guidewire comes out through the duodenal papilla, the duodenoscope is reintroduced in parallel to the guidewire, so up to this point, there are two options. The first one is to try bile duct cannulation in parallel to the guidewire, with a low rate of success and a long duration of the procedure. The second one is to recover the guidewire through the duodenoscope channel or even the guidewire and the duodenoscope en bloc to pass the guidewire through the endoscope channel outside the patient. This step is time-consuming and there is high possibility of complications, due to the tension that supports the guidewire that can erode and even lacerate the duodenal mucosa or the papilla. So the aim was to design a new rendezvous method to cannulation by homemade assisted monorail sphincterotome.
ENDOSCOPIC NECROSECTOMY A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: A Taha, T Aouattah, R Yeung, T Moreels, H Piessevaux, PH Deprez
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

With the emerged endoscopic drainage techniques, there has been an evolution in the treatment of infected pancreatic necrosis and during the last decade several studies showed better outcome for less invasive approaches.
VA Announces Plan to Improve Worst-Performing Medical Centers
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 15236: Intracoronary Bolus Administration of Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors is Beneficial During PCI for Acute Coronary Syndromes: a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: William D Brearley, David E Winchester, Xuerong Wen, Calvin Y Choi, William D Luke, Anthony A Bavry
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Studies have shown that glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) are beneficial as adjunctive therapy during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndromes (ACS)...
COVERED VERSUS UNCOVERED METAL STENTS FOR MALIGNANT GASTRIC OUTLET OBSTRUCTION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RCTS
Authors: A Tringali, M Cintolo, G Bonato, L Cristoferi, M Rossi, M Rota, M Mutignani
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Self expandable metal stent are used for palliation of malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOOD) in patients with gastric or pancreatic malignancy. Studies comparing C-SEMS and U-SEMS have led to inconclusive results. To date only a previous meta-analysis assessing together prospective and randomized studies with statistical criticism was published.
Rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis by combined molecular and immunological methods
Authors: Claudia Jafari, Ioana D. Olaru, Franziska Daduna, Martin Ernst, Jan Heyckendorf, Christoph Lange, Barbara Kalsdorf
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

Diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) may be delayed until culture results become available. We ascertained the accuracy of a stepwise diagnostic algorithm for the rapid diagnosis of pulmonary TB by GeneXpert from sputum and/or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) followed by a Mycobacterium tuberculosis- specific BAL ELISPOT assay in patients with a suspected diagnosis of pulmonary TB at a clinical referral centre in Germany. Among 166 patients with a presumptive diagnosis of pulmonary TB, 81 cases were confirmed by M. tuberculosis culture from sputum and/or BAL. In 66 out of 81 (81.5%) cases, patients initially had M. tuberculosis detected by GeneXpert from sputum; in addition, six out of 81 (7.4%) cases were diagnosed by GeneXpert on BAL fluid (together 72 out of 81 (88.9%) patients). Out of the remaining nine patients with negative GeneXpert results from sputum and BAL, BAL ELISPOT identified eight patients with culture-confirmed TB correctly (median time to culture positivity 26 days). At a cut-off of &gt;4000 early secretory antigenic target-6- or culture filtrate protein-10-specific interferon-γ-producing lymphocytes per 1 000 0000 lymphocytes, the specificity of the BAL ELISPOT for active TB was 97%. In low TB incidence countries, nearly all patients with active pulmonary TB can be identified within the first few days of clinical presentation using a stepwise strategy with GeneXpert and BAL ELISPOT.
EVALUATION OF DYSPHAGIA USING THE EATING ASSESSMENT TOOL QUESTIONNAIRE (EAT-10) BEFORE AND AFTER ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT OF THE ZENKER DIVERTICULUM
Authors: M Guerra Veloz, M Jose González-Mariscal, M Belvis Jimenez, J Loscertales, H Galera-Ruiz, F Pellicer Bautista, M Congregado Loscertales, M Rodríguez-Téllez
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) is a low prevalent disease (0,01%-0.11%), more frequent in men in the seventh and eighth decades of life. Dysphagia is the most common symptom. Endoscopic cricopharyngeal myotomy is accepted as an effective and safe treatment.
How do you treat this diversion ileitis and pouchitis?
Authors: Kentaro Tominaga, Atsunori Tsuchiya, Junji Yokoyama, Shuji Terai
Journal: Gut (2018)

A 43-year-old woman was admitted due to tenesmus and perianal pain caused by a severe perianal skin ulcer (figure 1A). Fifteen years previously, she underwent a total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch–anal anastomosis due to pancolitis-type UC. Three years prior, she had two episodes of pouchitis responding to antibiotic therapy. Her laboratory tests revealed anaemia (haemoglobin level, 96 g/L), elevated C reactive protein level (11.9 mg/dL) and decreased serum albumin level (25 g/L).



Figure 1 
Clinical findings and microbiota before the treatment. The perianal skin ulcer (A), the diversion ileitis and pouchitis ((B) and (C)) and normal afferent ileal loop (D) could be seen before the treatment. Difference in the intestinal microbiota between the afferent ileal loop and the ileal pouch (E). We could detect a decrease in the frequency of firmicutes and an increase in the frequency of …
Intra-Cardiac Release of Extracellular Vesicles Shapes Inflammation Following Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Xavier Loyer, Ivana Zlatanova, Cecile Devue, Min Yin, Kiave-Yune Howangyin, Phatchanat Klaihmon, Coralie L. Guerin, Marouane Kheloufi, Jose Vilar, Konstantinos Zannis, Bernd K. Fleischmann, Do Won Hwang, Jongmin Park, Hakho Lee, Philippe Menasché, Jean-Sébastien Silvestre, Chantal M. Boulanger
Journal: Circulation Research (2018)

A rapid and massive influx of inflammatory cells occurs into ischemic area after myocardial infarction (MI), resulting in local release of cytokines and growth factors. Yet, the mechanisms regulating their production are not fully explored. The release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the interstitial space curbs important biological functions, including inflammation, and influences the development of cardiovascular diseases. To date, there is no evidence for in situ release of cardiac EVs after MI.The present study tested the hypothesis that local EV generation in the infarcted heart coordinates cardiac inflammation after MI.Coronary artery ligation in mice transiently increases EV levels in the left ventricle when compared with sham animals. EVs from infarcted hearts were characterized as large vesicles (252±18 nm) expressing cardiomyocyte and endothelial markers and small EVs (118±4 nm) harboring exosomal markers, such as CD (cluster of differentiation) 63 and CD9. Cardiac large EVs generated after MI, but not small EVs or sham EVs, increased the release of IL (interleukin)-6, CCL (chemokine ligand) 2, and CCL7 from fluorescence-activated cell-sorted Ly6C+ cardiac monocytes. EVs of similar diameter were also isolated from fragments of interventricular septum obtained from patients undergoing aortic valve replacement, thus supporting the clinical relevance of our findings in mice.The present study demonstrates that acute MI transiently increases the generation of cardiac EVs characterized as both exosomes and microvesicles, originating mainly from cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells. EVs accumulating in the ischemic myocardium are rapidly taken up by infiltrating monocytes and regulate local inflammatory responses.
Gut microbiota as a source of novel antimicrobials
Authors: Enriqueta Garcia-Gutierrez, Melinda J. Mayer, Paul D. Cotter, Arjan Narbad
Journal: Gut Microbes (2018)

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya and viruses coexist in the human gut, and this coexistence is functionally balanced by symbiotic or antagonistic relationships. Antagonism is often characterized by the production of antimicrobials against other organisms occupying the same environmental niche. Indeed, close co-evolution in the gut has led to the development of specialized antimicrobials, which is attracting increased attention as these may serve as novel alternatives to antibiotics and thereby help to address the global problem of antimicrobial resistance. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is especially suitable for finding novel antimicrobials due to the vast array of microbes that inhabit it, and a considerable number of antimicrobial producers of both wide and narrow spectrum have been described. In this review, we summarize some of the antimicrobial compounds that are produced by bacteria isolated from the gut environment, with a special focus on bacteriocins. We also evaluate the potential therapeutic application of these compounds to maintain homeostasis in the gut and the biocontrol of pathogenic bacteria.
ESOPHAGEAL, HEPATOCOLIC AND COLOVESICAL FISTULAE MANAGED WITH THE NOVEL PADLOCK DEVICE FOR ENDOSCOPIC CLOSURE
Authors: B Velayos, L Del Olmo, J Trueba, J Herreros, L Merino, C Alonso, JM González
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

The Padlock system includes a nitinol clip that was recently introduced for endoscopic therapy. We report three different types of fistulae that were endoscopically managed with this novel over-the-scope nitinol clip device.
PATIENT COMFORT DURING ERCP: THE UNCOMFORTABLE TRUTH
Authors: S Kumar Palaniappan, P Kumar Maheswari, F Murray, S Patchett, D Cheriyan
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

ERCP is a complex endoscopic procedure that typically requires higher doses of sedation and analgesia compared to standard endoscopy. Our unit, like many countries in Europe, perform most ERCPs under conscious sedation. While monitoring patient comfort is routine during colonoscopy, no validated model exists for ERCP. The objective of our study is to evaluate comfort scores of patients undergoing ERCPs with conscious sedation, using a scoring system based on the modified Gloucester score.
Prognosis for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: development and validation of a personalised prediction model
Authors: Henk-Jan Westeneng, Thomas P A Debray, Anne E Visser, Ruben P A van Eijk, James P K Rooney, Andrea Calvo, Sarah Martin, Christopher J McDermott, Alexander G Thompson, Susana Pinto, Xenia Kobeleva, Angela Rosenbohm, Beatrice Stubendorff, Helma Sommer, Bas M Middelkoop, Annelot M Dekker, Joke J F A van Vugt, Wouter van Rheenen, Alice Vajda, Mark Heverin, Mbombe Kazoka, Hannah Hollinger, Marta Gromicho, Sonja Körner, Thomas M Ringer, Annekathrin Rödiger, Anne Gunkel, Christopher E Shaw, Annelien L Bredenoord, Michael A van Es, Philippe Corcia, Philippe Couratier, Markus Weber, Julian Grosskreutz, Albert C Ludolph, Susanne Petri, Mamede de Carvalho, Philip Van Damme, Kevin Talbot, Martin R Turner, Pamela J Shaw, Ammar Al-Chalabi, Adriano Chiò, Orla Hardiman, Karel G M Moons, Jan H Veldink, Leonard H van den Berg
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2018)
EUS-GUIDED CHOLECYSTODUODENOSTOMY FOR THE TREATMENT OF VESICULAR HYDROPS SECONDARY TO CYSTIC NEOPLASTIC INFILTRATION
Authors: DF Gómez Nussbaumer, JA Casellas Valde, J Martinez Sempere, L Compañy Catala, FA Ruiz, O Murcia Pomares, K Cardenas Jaen, C Mangas Sanjuan, J Ignacio Cameo, M Bozhychko, S Baile, L Medina, J Ramón Aparicio Tormo
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

In patients with vesicular hydrops secondary to unresectable malignant biliary stenosis, the placement of a biliary prosthesis using ERCP is the treatment of choice. However, if there is infiltration of the cystic, the biliary prosthesis does not resolve the vesicular hydrops. Percutaneous drainage is associated with a high percentage of inability to withdraw it until the death of the patient, with the significant deterioration of the quality of life that this entails. In these cases, endoscopic drainage of the gallbladder should be the treatment of choice.