tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cancer-related communications and symptom burden in couples coping with advanced lung cancer.
Authors: Kathrin Milbury, Gabriel Lopez, Anne S. Tsao, Eduardo Bruera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

231 Background: Although effective communications regarding symptoms may decrease distress and patients and their spouses, families tend to experience barriers to open communication. The purpose of this cross-sectional survey study is to examine the role of cancer-related communications in symptom burden in families coping with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: Couples were approached while waiting for their routine visit at the thoracic center. 25 patients (58% female; 78% white; mean age: 62.7 years; 72% stage III; 2.3 months post diagnosis) and their spouses completed measures of cancer symptoms (ESAS), psychological distress (BSI), and illness communication (CCAT_PF). Results: Dyadic analyses using multi-level modeling revealed that patients generally rated their own symptom burden significantly lower compared to spouses rating patient symptoms (P &lt; .0001). However, this discrepancy in perceptions of symptoms was a function of cancer communication (P &lt; .001) so that the more couples communicate about cancer-related issues (e.g., treatment decision making) the more they agreed regarding symptom burden. Importantly, a discrepancy in symptoms ratings was significantly related to spouses’ depressive symptoms (P &lt; . 01) so that the greater the discrepancy, the greater spouses depression. Lastly, more effective cancer communication was related to lower cancer symptoms in patients (P &lt; .05) as well as depression (P &lt; .01) and anxiety (P &lt; .05) in both patients and spouses. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of effective cancer communication in reducing symptom burden in couples coping with advanced lung cancer. Behavioral interventions that target communication skills taining may improve symptom management in patients and reduce psychological distress in spouses.
Endometrial cancer and the elderly: The impact of age on disease and outcome.
Authors: R. K. Hanna, W. K. Chiu, L. Van Le
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e19731 Background: The outcomes among patients with endometrial cancer (EC) are generally favorable. However, certain risk factors, such as older patient age, may portend worse survival. The objective of this study was to evaluate how age, disease stage, and disease burden might be associated with progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in a cohort of intermediate and high-risk endometrial cancer patients. Methods: Data of patients diagnosed with EC requiring adjuvant therapy after surgical staging was abstracted from medical records. This included demographic information, treatment characteristics, disease progression, and death dates. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression modeling was used to evaluate the association of the covariates of interest cited above with PFS and OS. Results: 107 eligible patients between 2000-2008 had their data abstracted for this study. The median age of this cohort of women was 66 years (range 34-88). 28 patients (26%) were classified as stage I, 11 (10%) stage II, 43 (40%) stage III and 25 (24%) stage IV. 89% of these patients completed 6 cycles of intended chemotherapy, and all patients were treated with platinum based chemotherapy, with or without radiation therapy. By univariable modeling, age was found to be significantly associated with OS (p=0.01) and borderline significant with PFS (p=0.07). Stage was highly associated with both OS (p=0.004) and PFS (p=0.0001), and disease burden with OS (p=0.002) and PFS (p<0.0001). In multivariable modeling, the best fitting model for both OS and PFS included age and stage. For OS, there was a 5% increase in risk of death for each year of age (HR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.09, p=0.005) and a 79% increase in risk for each stage (HR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.24 to 2.58, p=0.002). For PFS, there was a 3% increase of disease progression or death for each year of age (HR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.0 to 1.06, p=0.02) and a 94% increase in risk for each stage (HR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.42 to 2.66, p<.0001). Age was a significant covariate in all the multivariable OS and PFS models examined. Conclusions: In our cohort of patients, older patients were at higher risk of disease progression and/or death. Patient’s age is an important prognostic factor and should be considered when making treatment decisions.
A Matched Case Control Study of Doxycycline Added to Chemotherapy for Reducing Early Mortality in Patients with Advanced Cardiac AL Amyloidosis from the Alchemy Study Cohort
Authors: Ashutosh Wechalekar, Carol Whelan, Sajitha Sachchithanantham, Marianna Fontana, Shameem Mahmood, Darren Foard, Thirusha Lane, Helen J Lachmann, Julian D Gillmore, Philip N Hawkins
Journal: Blood (2014)
Efficacy and safety of sequential use of everolimus in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma previously treated by bevacizumab with or without interferon therapy: Results from pooled analysis of AVATOR, CHANGE, and TRAIN studies.
Authors: Antoine Thiery- Vuillemin, Aline Guillot, Thomas Steiner, Edwin Herrmann, Konstantinos N. Syrigos, Nadia Kelkouli, Agnese Cattaneo, Thierry Nguyen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

585 Background: Everolimus is a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor. It gained approval based on the results of the RECORD-1 trial, which included patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) whose disease progressed after receiving vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting angiogenesis that is approved in patients (pts) with mRCC. AVATOR was the 1 st study to explore the sequential use of bevacizumab followed by everolimus but with limited number of pts. Methods: In order to further explore this sequence pooled data from the AVATOR, CHANGE and TRAIN studies were analysed retrospectively. All pts had mRCC and were previously or currently treated with everolimus after failure of bevacizumab ± IFN. The primary end point was everolimus time to progression (TTP). Secondary end points were related to the overall survival (OS) of patients receiving the drug sequence, everolimus treatment and safety. Results: 89 pts were included in the analysis. Median age was 68 years [18-90]. At everolimus initiation ECOG was 0-1 for 72% pts and 16% were classified as poor prognosis from Heng classification. Exploring the duration of second-line everolimus treatment, 32% of patients received less than 3 months of everolimus and 35% received at least 6 months of treatment. At the time of data analysis, 20 pts (24%) were still receiving everolimus. Pts receiving everolimus after bevacizumab experienced a median TTP of 6 months [95%CI 4 - 14]. Median OS was not reached for everolimus second-line therapy. At 36 months after the start of first-line therapy, 60.4% of pts were still alive. All grades of common adverse events were consistent with the known safety profile of everolimus. Conclusions: The larger size of this cohort confirms the signal previously seen with AVATOR that the sequence of bevacizumab followed by everolimus displays interesting efficacy with not unexpected toxicity from everolimus and compares favourably with RECORD-1.
Effect of Normal Variation in Factor VIII Pharmacokinetics on Prophylactic Dosing Requirements in Severe Classical Hemophilia.
Authors: Peter Collins, Kathelijn Fischer, Victor S. Blanchette, Sven Björkman, Myungshin Oh, Phillip Schroth, Kathleen M. Casey, Gerald Spotts, Sandor Fritsch, Bruce M. Ewenstein
Journal: Blood (2008)
STUDIES ON THE BACTERIOPHAGE OF D'HERELLE
Authors: Jacques J. Bronfenbrenner, Charles Korb
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1925)

Lytic filtrates, active against Bacillus dysenterioe Shiga, Bacillus coli, Bacillus pestis cavioe, and staphylococcus respectively, proved to be differently affected by changes in hydrogen ion concentration. Anti-staphylococcus lysin was the least resistant of the four, showing deterioration in 3 hours at 7 degrees C. beyond the zone of hydrogen ion concentration limited by C(H) = 6.3 x 10(-5) and C(H) = 1.6 x 10(-9). Under the same conditions, the zone of resistance of anti-coli filtrate lay between C(H) = 2.7 x 10(-3) and C(H) = 2.5 x 10(-11), and that of anti-Shiga between C(H) = 1-7 x 10(-4) and C(H) = 1-3 x 10(-11). Anti-pestis cavioe filtrate was most resistant of the four, retaining its full activity in the zone from C(H) = 1 x 10(-3) to C(H) = 3.5 x 10(-12). The fact that these differences in individual resistance persisted, notwithstanding the repeated passage of lytic filtrates through cultures of bacteria other than those against which they were primarily active, seems to offer evidence in favor of a multiplicity of bacteriophages.
First report of the correlation of PET Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST) criteria and pathologic change in patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant radiation.
Authors: Rachit Kumar, Avani Satish Dholakia, Jessica A. Smith, Jeffrey P. Leal, Muhammad Ali Chaudhry, Aaron Tyler Wild, Amy Hacker-Prietz, Siva P. Raman, Ralph H. Hruban, Jonathan Efron, Elizabeth C. Wick, Nilofer Saba Azad, Luis A. Diaz, Yi Le, Elwood Armour, Susannah G. Ellsworth, Joseph M. Herman, Susan Gearhart
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

261 Background: High-dose-rate endorectal brachytherapy (Endo-HDR) is a promising technique using a short course of radiation therapy in the neoadjuvant setting for rectal cancer. While clinical exam and standard imaging (CT and MRI) suggest outstanding radiation response in these patients, they cannot reliably predict pathologic complete response (pCR) or high tumor regression grade (TRG). In this study, we investigate the utility of PERCIST criteria to predict pathologic change. Methods: We treated nine patients on a prospective clinical trial investigating Endo-HDR as a single agent neoadjuvant therapy (6.5 Gy x 4 fractions, total dose of 26 Gy) for stage II-III rectal cancer patients. A pre-radiation PET/CT scan was compared to a post-treatment PET/CT scan performed one month following the completion of radiation. All nine patients proceeded to surgical resection with the pathologic specimen analyzed for residual disease. TRG (Mandard et al.) was used to quantify response to treatment. A 50% decrease in SUVpeak by PERCIST criteria was correlated with a TRG 1 or 2 (none or minimal residual cancer cells on the final pathologic specimen). Results: As demonstrated in our table, 3/5 (60%) of patients achieving a TRG 1 or 2 had a SUVpeak that decreased by 50% or more; contrarily, zero of 4 (0%) of patients without a TRG 1 or 2 had a SUVpeak of 50% or more. Despite a trend, the small patient sample limited statistical significance (p=0.17). A minimum decrease of 50% in SUVpeak resulted in a positive predictive value of 100%, a negative predictive value of 67%, a specificity of 100%, and a sensitivity of 60% for predicting TRG 1 or 2. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the first report of utilizing PERCIST criteria in rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant Endo-HDR. Reliable clinical predictors following Endo-HDR for excellent pathologic response may identify patients in whom a non-operative rectal cancer treatment is possible. [Table: see text]
Raising the bar: Breast cancer biomarkers IHC4 harmonization from University of California-Athena pathology collaboration.
Authors: John W. Bishop, Jesse Engelberg, Sophia Apple, Ronald Balassanian, Alexander D. Borowsky, Robert D. Cardiff, Philip M. Carpenter, Yunn-Yi Chen, Brian Datnow, Sarah Elson, Farnaz Hasteh, Fritz Lin, Neda A. Moatamed, Brandon Perkovich, Yanhong Zhang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

80 Background: Breast cancer treatment depends on the accurate analysis of immunohistochemical biomarkers (IHC4): estrogen and progesterone receptors, Ki-67, HER2. The Athena Harmonization project was undertaken to reduce technical and scoring variances between different laboratories and different pathologists. Methods: Initial assessment: Five breast cancer samples were sectioned and distributed to 5 UC campuses, where IHC4 and HER2 FISH tests were done per usual methods. Samples were selected to cover the range of negative, positive, and moderate for each antigen. Stained slides were circulated to 10 pathologists for scoring. Digital whole slide images (WSI) were made and scored. Technical variance reduction: A Delphi voting process identified an ideal histology slide for each IHC4 antigen. Laboratories adjusted techniques to match the appearance of the ideal slides, followed by pathologist and quantitative image analysis (QIA) validation. Scoring variance reduction: A digital pathology training tool was created where pathologists scored breast cancer tissue microarrays with known scores for the IHC4 antigens. Results: Scoring variance did not exceed clinical thresholds, although there were significant technical and scoring variances between laboratories that could affect research outcomes. The mean values and variance were similar for WSI and glass slides, except for HER2 (higher scores on WSI but without benefit of workstation calibration). Each laboratory adjusted technical parameters to more closely match the ideal IHC4. Early QIA data indicate reduced variance between adjusted and ideal histology slides. Conclusions: Considerable and significant technical and interpretational variances between five University of California laboratories can be overcome by harmonizing protocols, setting new inter-institutional standards for pathology and histology best practices. Quantitative image analysis and whole slide imaging were instrumental. Subsequent harmonization will include cases near thresholds for clinical treatment guidelines.
Efficacy and Safety of Alemtuzumab in Patients with Relapsed B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia after Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation.
Authors: Caroline Dartigeas, Michel Degenne, Delphine Senecal, Philippe Roingeard, Chantal Cendrie, Martine Delain, Lotfi Benboubker, Claude Linassier, Herve Watier, Christian Binet, Philippe Colombat, Guillaume Cartron
Journal: Blood (2004)
Secondary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis after lung transplantation: a single-centre series
Authors: Quentin Philippot, Aurélie Cazes, Raphaël Borie, Marie-Pierre Debray, Claire Danel, Maria Hurtado Nedelec, Sabah Boudjemaa, Déborah Sroussi, Clairelyne Dupin, Hervé Mal, Gaëlle Dauriat, Sylvain Jean-Baptiste, Gilles Jebrak, Yves Castier, Pierre Mordant, Gabriel Thabut, Olivier Brugière
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease characterized by accumulation of surfactant in alveolar space related to alveolar macrophage dysfunction. PAP occurs in three clinically distinct forms: autoimmune PAP (90% of cases), secondary PAP and genetic PAP [1]. Secondary PAP may be related to immunosuppressive disorders, with few cases associated with solid-organ transplant [1]. Indeed, to our knowledge, only five cases of symptomatic PAP secondary to lung transplantation have been reported [2–4]. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis may occur after lung transplantation and may be a cause of respiratory deterioration <http://ow.ly/tlrl307KlKY>
Phase-transitional Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/perfluorohexane Microspheres for Magnetic Droplet Vaporization
Authors: Ronghui Wang, Yang Zhou, Ping Zhang, Yu Chen, Wei Gao, Jinshun Xu, Hangrong Chen, Xiaojun Cai, Kun Zhang, Pan Li, Zhigang Wang, Bing Hu, Tao Ying, Yuanyi Zheng
Journal: Theranostics (2017)

Activating droplets vaporization has become an attractive strategy for ultrasound imaging and physical therapy due to the significant increase in ultrasound backscatter signals and its ability to physically damage the tumor cells.However, the current two types of transitional droplets named after their activation methods have their respective limitations.To circumvent the limitations of these activation methods, here we report the concept of magnetic droplet vaporization (MDV) for stimuli-responsive cancer theranostics by a magnetic-responsive phase-transitional agent.This magnetic-sensitive phase-transitional agent-perfluorohexane (PFH)-loaded porous magnetic microspheres (PFH-PMMs), with high magnetic-thermal energy-transfer capability, could quickly respond to external alternating current (AC) magnetic fields to produce thermal energy and trigger the vaporization of the liquid PFH.We systematically demonstrated MDV both in vitro and in vivo.This novel trigger method with deep penetration can penetrate the air-filled viscera and trigger the vaporization of the phase-transitional agent without the need of pre-focusing lesion.This unique MDV strategy is expected to substantially broaden the biomedical applications of nanotechnology and promote the clinical treatment of tumors that are not responsive to chemical therapies.
A phase II study of linsitinib (OSI-906) in patients with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic (non-opioid requiring) metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).
Authors: Jorge A. Garcia, Paul Elson, Matthew M. Cooney, Allison Janine Tyler, Victoria Rezash, Ernest C. Borden, Robert Dreicer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

197 Background: Novel agents capable of blocking AR ligand independent pathways responsible for the development of CRPC are needed. IGF-1R and its ligands (IGF-1/IGF-2) play a key role in regulating growth, resistance to apoptosis, and invasion in PCa. IGF-1R is overexpressed in PCa and mediates resistance to ADT. OSI-906 is a small molecule potent dual inhibitor of IGF-1R and insulin receptor TK activity. To determine the activity of OSI-906 in men with CRPC a Simon two-staged phase II study was conducted. Methods: Men with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic Met CRPC were eligible. ECOG 0-1, adequate organ function, and no prior chemotherapy for CRPC were required. Pts received OSI-906 at 150mg orally twice daily on a 28-day cycle. Endpoints included PSA response at 12 wks, safety, RECIST-defined response, time to PSA progression, and OS. Correlative studies explored the impact of OSI-906 on AR signaling (androstenedione, DHEA, DHEA-sulfate, p-IGF-1R, p-IR), markers of PD (TGF-b1, IL-6, TNF-a, MCP-1), and CTC and CECs. Results: To date 18 pts have enrolled and completed 12 wks of therapy. Median age 68 (55-78); Median pre-treatment PSA was 55.23 (range 2.46-277.60); 41% of pts had bone-only disease, 29% soft-tissue only and 29% had both. Although transient PSA declines were noted, 17/18 pts discontinued therapy sec PSA progression. RECIST-defined SD was observed in 8 pts. Pts received a median of 3 cycles of therapy (range 2-6+). Most common G1/2 AEs included AST/ALT changes observed in 41 and 18% of patients respectively, fatigue (59%); prolong QT interval (35%) and nausea/vomiting (35%). No significant change in the number of CTC and CEC counts was observed. An association between pre-treatment PSA and pre-treatment CTC was observed (Spearman r=0.49, p=.04). No correlation between CTC changes and PSA progression was observed .Evaluation of other molecular markers of PD is underway. Conclusions: Treatment with OSI-906 is safe. No PSA responses or changes in CTC/CECs were noted. Markers of PD might help elucidate potential mechanisms of escape to this alternative pathway in CRPC. OSI-906 plus an AA might provide synergistic activity in this setting. Clinical trial information: NCT01533246.
Patterns of treatment (trx) and safety of angiogenesis inhibitors in patients (pts) with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in France.
Authors: M. Gross-Goupil, S. Oudard, A. Levy, R. Elaidi, F. Scotte, M. S. Duh, S. P. Sarda, C. Korves, R. Goglia, P. Ramamurthy, M. Neary, B. Escudier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e19503 Background: This study describes safety and trx patterns of sunitinib (SU), sorafenib (SOR), and bevacizumab (BEV) for advanced RCC in current French clinical practice. Methods: Medical records were abstracted at two tertiary oncology centers for 302 RCC pts, ≥18 years, who had a histologically/cytologically confirmed diagnosis of advanced RCC, and received SU (n=201), SOR (n=65), or BEV (n=36) as first-line angiogenesis inhibitor trx from 1/1/2005 to 5/15/2010. All grade and grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs) were assessed. We determined proportions of pts with trx modification (discontinuation, interruption, or dose change), and reasons for trx modifications. Results: 34.8% (SU), 44.6% (SOR), and 66.7% (BEV) of pts were cytokine pretreated. The most common all grade AE for SU and BEV was fatigue/asthenia (SU: 75.1%, BEV: 55.6%) and for SOR was diarrhea (63.1%). Trx discontinuation occurred in 76.1% (SU), 93.8% (SOR) and 69.4% (BEV) of pts. Among pts who discontinued, median duration of trx was 8.3 months (mo) (SU and SOR) and 6.0 mo (BEV). Dose reductions occurred in 50.2% (SU), 15.4% (SOR) and 8.3% (BEV) of pts. Pts from one hospital had additional data on reasons for trx modifications (Table). The most common AE leading to discontinuation and/or dose reduction was fatigue for SU pts and hand-foot syndrome for SOR pts. Conclusions: Among the 302 pts, fatigue/asthenia was the most common any grade AE for SU and BEV, while diarrhea was most common for SOR. A large proportion of pts treated with SU (1 site) had at least one trx modification due to AEs, with the majority of these trx modifications being dose reductions. These findings suggest an unmet need for more tolerable agents for the treatment of RCC. Study limitations include small sample sizes in certain groups. Trx patterns, n (%) SU (N=78) SOR (N=39) BEV (N=17) Pts with trx discontinuation 59 (75.6) 36 (92.3) 7 (41.2) Due to progressive disease 41 (52.6) 29 (74.4) 5 (29.4) Due to AEs 12 (15.4) 8 (20.5) 2 (11.8) Pts with trx interruption 6 (7.7) 1 (2.6) 2 (11.8) Due to AEs 5 (6.4) 1 (2.6) 2 (11.8) Pts with dose reduction 32 (41.0) 10 (25.6) 2 (11.8) Due to AEs 32 (41.0) 10 (25.6) 2 (11.8) Pts with ≥1 any of the above trx modifications due to AEs 41 (52.6) 14 (35.9) 6 (35.3)