tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
131I and 124I Accumulation in a Thymic Cyst: Reply
Authors: Martin Freesmeyer, Almut Kunze, Thomas Winkens
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

∗Clinic of Nuclear Medicine Jena University Hospital Jena, Germany [email protected] †Institute of Pathology Bad Berka Bad Berka, Germany Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: none declared.
Abstract 17765: Mild Preoperative Anemia is an Independent Predictor of Mortality and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Elective Major Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Jesús álvarez-García, Miquel Vives-Borrás, Joan I Llao, Andreu Ferrero-Gregori, Marc Bausili, Rubén Díaz, María A Gil, Victoria Moral, Pilar Paniagua, Mireia Rodriguez, Mónica C Urrutia, Alessandro Sionis, Xavier Pelaez
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Preoperative anemia has been recognized as an important risk factor for perioperative red blood cell transfusions and adverse events in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. Mild anemia has not unequivocally shown to be a risk factor for death, unless cardiac disease is present or major blood loss occurs. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of preoperative anemia and its effect on 30-day postoperative outcome in subjects undergoing elective major noncardiac surgery. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed in 1630 patients, 40 years and older, who underwent major noncardiac surgery.Based on preoperative hemoglobin levels and gender, we stratified patients into the next categories of anemia: mild (11-12 g/dl), moderate (10-11 g/dl) and severe (&lt;10 g/dl) for female; mild (12-13 g/dl), moderate (11-12 g/dl) and severe (&lt;11 g/dl) for male. Age, risk factors, previous chronic heart or lung disease, renal function and concomitant treatment were used in a binary logistic regression to determine the impact of anemia in prognosis. The primary outcome measure was a composite of 30-day postoperative mortality or cardiovascular events (cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke or pulmonary embolism). Results: The overall prevalence of anemia was 18.8%. Thirty-day mortality and cardiac event rate increased with the presence of anemia (table). Mild, moderate and severe anemia were associated with a two-fold (OR 2.07; CI 95%: 1.04-4.11), three-fold (OR 2.93; CI 95%: 1.45-5.94) and four-fold (OR 4.09; CI 95%:1.87-8.95) increases in the risk of MACCE respectively. Conclusions: Anemia is a prevalent risk factor in patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery. Even mild degrees of preoperative anemia are associated with an increased risk of 30-day postoperative mortality and cardiovascular events. Further studies are needed in order to evaluate whether treatment of preoperative anemia could reduce postoperative mortality.
Abstract 17414: Carotid Atherosclerosis Features by Magnetic Resonance and Coronary Artery Disease Risk
Authors: Stephanie LeBlanc, Karine Bibeau, François Coulombe, Philippe Pibarot, Jean-Pierre Després, Eric Larose
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The lion’s share of atherosclerosis risk is not explained by traditional risk factors alone as more than half of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients do not have more than one risk ...
Chrysophanol protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by suppressing cellular PARylation
Authors: Jing Lu, Jingyan Li, Yuehuai Hu, Zhen Guo, Duanping Sun, Panxia Wang, Kaiteng Guo, Dayue Darrel Duan, Si Gao, Jianmin Jiang, Junjian Wang, Peiqing Liu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2018)

The clinical application of doxorubicin (DOX) in cancer chemotherapy is limited by its life-threatening cardiotoxic effects. Chrysophanol (CHR), an anthraquinone compound isolated from the rhizome of Rheum palmatum L., is considered to play a broad role in a variety of biological processes. However, the effects of CHR׳s cardioprotection in DOX-induced cardiomyopathy is poorly understood. In this study, we found that the cardiac apoptosis, mitochondrial injury and cellular PARylation levels were significantly increased in H9C2 cells treated by Dox, while these effects were suppressed by CHR. Similar results were observed when PARP1 activity was suppressed by its inhibitors 3-aminobenzamide (3AB) and ABT888. Ectopic expression of PARP1 effectively blocked this CHR׳s cardioprotection against DOX-induced cardiomyocyte injury in H9C2 cells. Furthermore, pre-administration with both CHR and 3AB relieved DOX-induced cardiac apoptosis, mitochondrial impairment and heart dysfunction in Sprague-Dawley rat model. These results revealed that CHR protects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by suppressing cellular PARylation and provided critical evidence that PARylation may be a novel target for DOX-induced cardiomyopathy.
Tolerising cellular therapies: what is their promise for autoimmune disease?
Authors: Chijioke H Mosanya, John D Isaacs
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

The current management of autoimmunity involves the administration of immunosuppressive drugs coupled to symptomatic and functional interventions such as anti-inflammatory therapies and hormone replacement. Given the chronic nature of autoimmunity, however, the ideal therapeutic strategy would be to reinduce self-tolerance before significant tissue damage has accrued. Defects in, or defective regulation of, key immune cells such as regulatory T cells have been documented in several types of human autoimmunity. Consequently, it has been suggested that the administration of ex vivo generated, tolerogenic immune cell populations could provide a tractable therapeutic strategy. Several potentially tolerogenic cellular therapies have been developed in recent years; concurrent advances in cell manufacturing technologies promise scalable, affordable interventions if safety and efficacy can be demonstrated. These therapies include mesenchymal stromal cells, tolerogenic dendritic cells and regulatory T cells. Each has advantages and disadvantages, particularly in terms of the requirement for a bespoke versus an ‘off-the-shelf’ treatment but also their suitability in particular clinical scenarios. In this review, we examine the current evidence for these three types of cellular therapy, in the context of a broader discussion around potential development pathway(s) and their likely future role. A brief overview of preclinical data is followed by a comprehensive discussion of human data.
Autoimmunity to bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein in bronchiectasis exhibits a requirement for <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> IgG response
Authors: Sladjana Skopelja-Gardner, Jomkuan Theprungsirikul, Rachel E. Meagher, Cathleen M. Beliveau, Katherine E. Bradley, Meade Avery, Emily Henkle, Sarah Siegel, Alex H. Gifford, Kevin L. Winthrop, William F.C. Rigby
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

<b>Large subpopulations of patients with bronchiectasis due to diseases other than cystic fibrosis (∼50% in two independent cohorts) develop autoantibodies to BPI, which arise specifically in the context of chronic <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infection</b>http://ow.ly/1LHZ30mtfXu
Intense Choline Activity in Renal Cell Carcinoma Without Obvious 18F-FDG Uptake
Authors: Xiaotian Xia, Fan Hu, Chunxia Qin, Fang Liu, Xiaoli Lan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

A 64-year-old man presented pain over the right kidney region for 1 year. Contrast-enhanced MRI showed a sharply demarcated soft-tissue mass in the lower part of the right kidney. This lesion had no obvious uptake of F-FDG on PET/CT imaging, and an unexpected hypermetabolic irregularly shaped nodule was noted in the upper lobe of the right lung. C-choline PET was further performed to reveal the pathological property of the kidney lesion, and high uptake was noticed. The patient received surgery for the 2 lesions, and the final pathological diagnoses were chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and synchronous lung adenocarcinoma.
Reasons for Discontinuing Active Surveillance: Assessment of 21 Centres in 12 Countries in the Movember GAP3 Consortium
Authors: Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Xi Ji, Jozien Helleman, Monique J. Roobol, Wim van der Linden, Daan Nieboer, Chris H. Bangma, Mark Frydenberg, Antti Rannikko, Lui S. Lee, Vincent J. Gnanapragasam, Mike W. Kattan, Bruce Trock, Behfar Ehdaie, Peter Carroll, Christopher Filson, Jeri Kim, Christopher Logothetis, Todd Morgan, Laurence Klotz, Tom Pickles, Eric Hyndman, Caroline M. Moore, Vincent Gnanapragasam, Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Prokar Dasgupta, Chris Bangma, Monique Roobol, Arnauld Villers, Antti Rannikko, Riccardo Valdagni, Antoinette Perry, Jonas Hugosson, Jose Rubio-Briones, Anders Bjartell, Lukas Hefermehl, Lee Lui Shiong, Mark Frydenberg, Yoshiyuki Kakehi, Byung Ha Chung, Theo van der Kwast, Henk Obbink, Wim van der Linden, Tim Hulsen, Cees de Jonge, Mike Kattan, Ji Xinge, Kenneth Muir, Artitaya Lophatananon, Michael Fahey, Ewout Steyerberg, Daan Nieboer, Liying Zhang, Ewout Steyerberg, Daan Nieboer, Aida Santa Olalla, Kerri Beckmann, Brian Denton, Andrew Hayen, Paul Boutros, Wei Guo, Nicole Benfante, Janet Cowan, Dattatraya Patil, Emily Tolosa, Tae-Kyung Kim, Alexandre Mamedov, Vincent La Pointe, Trafford Crump, Jenna Kimberly-Duffell, Aida Santaolalla, Daan Nieboer, Jonathan Olivier, Tiziana Rancati, Helén Ahlgren, Juanma Mascarós, Annica Löfgren, Kurt Lehmann, Catherine Han Lin, Hiromi Hirama, Kwang Suk Lee, Guido Jenster, Anssi Auvinen, Anders Bjartell, Masoom Haider, Kees van Bochove, Ballentine Carter, Sam Gledhill, Mark Buzza, Chris Bangma, Monique Roobol, Sophie Bruinsma, Jozien Helleman
Journal: European Urology (2018)
99mTc-MAG3 Renography of Intrathoracic Renal Ectopia
Authors: Marc R.J. ten Broek, Erik T. te Beek, Roos E. Stuurman-Wieringa
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

We report a case of a 49-year-old woman with a rare anomaly, intrathoracic renal ectopia. Her medical history includes a surgically corrected congenital diaphragmatic hernia, which can cause late presentations of diaphragmatic hernia in adult life. The Tc-MAG3 renogram demonstrated slower emptying of the dilated pelvis of the ectopic kidney than the normal kidney. The curve confirmed a delayed Tmax, followed by a distinct decline. These features are not indicative of a complete obstruction, but can result from partial obstruction, renal dysfunction with poor response to diuresis, pelvic dilatation (such as in our patient), or a combination.
UK government’s alcohol policy needs societal perspective
Authors: Greg Fell, Chris Gibbons, Helen Philips-Jackson
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Thank you for speaking some sense on what is most definitely an incoherent position on alcohol policy.1

‪The article didn’t mention the strategic partnership with Drinkaware, presumably owing to the timing of publication.‬‬‬‬ ‪There has been strong opposition to this2; Ian Gilmore resigned from his role as government alcohol adviser. The World Health Organization published findings that just 1.9% of the corporate social responsibility activities of alcohol companies …
Abstract P188: “False Positive” Stress Testing: Does Endothelial Vascular Dysfunction Explain ST-Segment Depression in the Absence of Clinical Coronary Artery Disease in Women?
Authors: Shilpa Agrawal, Puja Mehta, Tara Sedlak, Zachary Hobel, Chrisandra Shufelt, Erika Jones, Paul Kligfield, David Mortara, Michael Laks, Noel Bairey Merz
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Current guidelines do not endorse exercise electrocardiography (Ex-ECG) screening in asymptomatic adults due to poor diagnostic accuracy for clinical coronary artery disease (CAD), however Ex-ECG combined with other variables paradoxically has strong prognostic accuracy for cardiovascular mortality. Ex-ECG ST segment depression “false positive” results are common in women, who have higher rates of vascular dysfunction such as Raynaud’s and migraines compared to men. We hypothesized that ST segment depression indicates endothelial vascular dysfunction, which is known to predict an adverse prognosis. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the relationship between Ex-ECG and peripheral endothelial vascular function in asymptomatic women. Methods: Asymptomatic women with no cardiac risk factors and normal resting ECG underwent maximal Bruce protocol Ex-ECG testing (GE Healthcare). Computer-generated Ex-ECG ST segment values were independently verified by 2 cardiologists. Based on established methods, endothelial vascular function was assessed by calculating reactive hyperemia index (RHI) using peripheral vascular testing (Endopat, Itamar). As established previously, RHI &lt;1.68 is abnormal and indicates endothelial vascular dysfunction. Results: Among 35 women, mean age 54±8 years and BMI 24±4, there were 5 (14%) women with abnormal RHI. Women with abnormal RHI had a greater (more abnormal) ST/HR slope, a trend toward greater peak ST depression, and achieved lower METs than women with normal RHI (Table 1). Conclusion: Among asymptomatic women, endothelial vascular dysfunction was associated with abnormal Ex-ECG results characterized by greater ST/HR slope, greater ST depression, and lower exercise capacity. These findings suggest that “false positive” ST-segment depression in the absence of clinical CAD in women may be explained by endothelial vascular dysfunction. Our study further suggests that endothelial vascular dysfunction may explain the Ex-ECG diagnostic/prognostic paradox.
窄波 UVB 用于银屑病治疗的费用
Authors: K. Boswell, H. Cameron, J. West, C. Fleming, S. Ibbotson, R. Dawe, J. Foerster
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

银屑病是一种极为常见的疾病, 影响全世界大约 2% 人口和英国约 150 万人口。很多患者终生受到影响。银屑病通常可通过乳膏治疗。但是, 当这种治疗效果不足时, 患者可通过称为“窄波‐UVB”的特殊滤过紫外光治疗。这种治疗极为有效 (有效率 3/4) 安全, 且不需要血液检查。但是, 在很多地区并不易于获得。造成这种情况的一个原因是, 它被认为昂贵, 因为患者需要每周进行 3 次治疗, 每次数分钟, 持续数周, 且由工作人员给予治疗。在这项研究中, 作者们提取英国一家大型供应商 NHS Tayside 在 6 年中为此治疗发生的所有治疗费用。包括所有间接费用 (如养恤基金、房地产等), NHS Tayside 每人每次完整治疗平均仅花费 257 英镑。这一结果显示, 向更多患者提供此治疗极其物有所值, 并可能在很多患者中避免或延迟使用免疫抑制药物。
10 000 Hours—Is Prior Experience in Cardiac Surgery Enough?
Authors: Colin M. Barker, Michael J. Reardon
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Exosomal microRNA-21 derived from bronchial epithelial cells is involved in aberrant epithelium-fibroblast cross-talk in COPD induced by cigarette smoking
Authors: Hui Xu, Min Ling, Junchao Xue, Xiangyu Dai, Qian Sun, Chao Chen, Yi Liu, Liang Zhou, Jianping Liu, Fei Luo, Qian Bian, Qizhan Liu
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Rationale: Aberrant bronchial epithelium-fibroblast communication is essential for the airway remodeling that contributes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Exosomes have emerged as novel mediators of intercellular communication, but their role in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced COPD is unknown.Here, we investigated the role of exosomal miR-21 in the dysfunctional epithelium-fibroblast cross-talk caused by CS.Methods: Normal or CS extract (CSE)-treated human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells were co-cultured with bronchial fibroblasts (MRC-5 cells).Exosomes were obtained from culture media or serum by use of commercial kits.The size distribution and concentration of exosomes were analyzed by nanoparticle tracking analysis using a ZetaView particle tracker from ParticleMetrix.Inhibition of miR-21 levels by tail vein injection of antagomir-21 into mice exposed to CS was used to demonstrate the role of miR-21 in airway remodeling leading to COPD in animals.Results: For MRC-5 cells, co-culture with CSE-treated HBE cells or with exosomes derived from CSE-treated HBE cells resulted in the myofibroblast differentiation phenotype.Exosomal miR-21 was responsible for myofibroblast differentiation through hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) signaling by targeting the von Hippel-Lindau protein (pVHL); HIF-1α transcriptionally regulated the α-SMA gene.For mice, downregulation of miR-21 prevented CS-induced airway remodeling.The levels of exosomal miR-21 were high in sera of smokers and COPD patients and inversely correlated with FEV 1 /FVC. Conclusion:We demonstrate that CS triggers the modification of exosome components and identify miR-21 derived from bronchial epithelial cells as a mediator of myofibroblast differentiation through the pVHL/HIF-1α signaling pathway, which has potential value for diagnosis and treatment of COPD.
Potentially useful biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of lung cancer
Authors: William Cho
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

LB-150  Lung cancer ranks top in both incidence and mortality in most parts of the world. It is one of the commonly misdiagnosed and poorly understood diseases with multi-step involvement of genetic and epigenetic modifications. Scientists strive to explore biomarkers and their possible roles in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of lung cancer. The ultimate goal is to discover biomarkers that can be tested in clinical trials and finally applied to patient care. Highly elevated concentrations of cytokeratin-19 fragment, tissue polypeptide antigen, and squamous cell carcinoma antigen in non-small cell lung cancer particularly for squamous cell carcinoma, carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen 125 in adenocarcinoma or non-small cell lung cancer, as well as progastrin-releasing peptide and neuron specific enolase in small cell lung cancer are suggestive biomarkers for the malignancy. Despite extensive studies, most results still remain controversial. Even with the report of high percent sensitivity and specificity, validations by clinical trials in large cohorts of patients is necessary before the cancer-related phenotypes can be translated into the clinic as reliable biomarkers. Nevertheless, identifications of biomarkers are leading to more understanding of the molecular pathways involved in lung cancer, which provide insight into histogenesis, interrelationships, and biological behavior of the disease. For example, epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapies have demonstrated remarkable success in a small subset of non-small cell lung cancer patients. With the advent of genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and bioinformatics, it is hoped that understanding the connections between cellular pathways will help to reduce the suffering and loss of life caused by lung cancer. This presentation summarizes the pre-clinical, translational researches, and perspectives against lung cancer in relation to biomarker discovery and validation. Biomarker research definitely is the sign of the times, the presentation would be useful and of interest to researchers, clinicians, and other health professionals, offering a variety of useful biomarkers and updated data of clinical trials for lung cancer.
Risks of Colorectal Cancer and Cancer-Related Mortality in Familial Colorectal Cancer Type X and Lynch Syndrome Families
Authors: Yun-Hee Choi, Lajmi Lakhal-Chaieb, Agnieszka Kröl, Bing Yu, Daniel Buchanan, Dennis Ahnen, Loic Le Marchand, Polly A Newcomb, Aung Ko Win, Mark Jenkins, Noralane M Lindor, Laurent Briollais
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2018)

The risk of cancers is well characterized in Lynch syndrome (LS) families but has been less studied in familial colorectal cancer type X (FCCTX) families.In this article, we compare the risk estimates of first and second colorectal cancers (CRCs) in 168 FCTTX and 780 LS families recruited through the Colon Cancer Family Registry as well as the risk of cancer-related deaths and disease-free survival (DFS) after a first CRC. Our methodology is based on a survival analysis approach, developed specifically to model the occurrence of successive cancers (ie, first and second CRCs) in the presence of competing risk events (ie, death from any causes).We found an excess risk of first and second CRC in individuals with LS compared to FCCTX family members. However, for an average age at first CRC of 60 years in FCCTX families and 50 years in LS families, the DFS rates were comparable in men but lower in women from FCCTX vs LS families, eg , 75.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 69.0% to 80.9%) vs 78.9% (95% CI = 76.3% to 81.3%) for the 10-year DFS. The 10-year risk of cancer-related death was higher in FCCTX families vs LS families, eg, 15.4% in men (95% CI = 10.9% to 19.8%) and 19.3% in women (95% CI = 13.6% to 24.7%) vs 8.9% (95% CI = 7.5% to 11.4%) and 8.7% (95% CI = 7.1% to 10.8%), respectively.Individuals with CRCs arising in the context of FCCTX do not experience the same improved DFS and overall survival of those with LS, and that difference may be relevant in management decisions.
Health Outcome Priorities of Older Adults with Advanced CKD and Concordance with Their Nephrology Providers’ Perceptions
Authors: Sarah J. Ramer, Natalie N. McCall, Cassianne Robinson-Cohen, Edward D. Siew, Huzaifah Salat, Aihua Bian, Thomas G. Stewart, Maie H. El-Sourady, Mohana Karlekar, Loren Lipworth, T. Alp Ikizler, Khaled Abdel-Kader
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2018)

Background Older adults with advanced CKD have significant pain, other symptoms, and disability. To help ensure that care is consistent with patients’ values, nephrology providers should understand their patients’ priorities when they make clinical recommendations. Methods Patients aged ≥60 years with advanced (stage 4 or 5) non–dialysis-dependent CKD receiving care at a CKD clinic completed a validated health outcome prioritization tool to ascertain their health outcome priorities. For each patient, the nephrology provider completed the same health outcome prioritization tool. Patients also answered questions to self-rate their health and completed an end-of-life scenarios instrument. We examined the associations between priorities and self-reported health status and between priorities and acceptance of common end-of-life scenarios, and also measured concordance between patients’ priorities and providers’ perceptions of priorities. Results Among 271 patients (median age 71 years), the top health outcome priority was maintaining independence (49%), followed by staying alive (35%), reducing pain (9%), and reducing other symptoms (6%). Nearly half of patients ranked staying alive as their third or fourth priority. There was no relationship between patients’ self-rated health status and top priority, but acceptance of some end-of-life scenarios differed significantly between groups with different top priorities. Providers’ perceptions about patients’ top health outcome priorities were correct only 35% of the time. Patient-provider concordance for any individual health outcome ranking was similarly poor. Conclusions Nearly half of older adults with advanced CKD ranked maintaining independence as their top heath outcome priority. Almost as many ranked being alive as their last or second-to-last priority. Nephrology providers demonstrated limited knowledge of their patients’ priorities.