tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16097: Reversible Cause of Sudden Cardiac Arrest and Rates of Defibrillator Implantation
Authors: Adetola Ladejobi, Deepak Kumar Pasupula, Shantanu Patil, Shasank Rijal, Bilal Munir, Asad Durrani, Awais Javed, Max Wayne, Oluremi Ajala, Natasha A Kassim, Shubash Adhikari, Samir Saba
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Current guidelines recommend ICD implantation for secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in survivors of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), except in those with completely rever...
Abstract 18936: Fluid Shear Stress Regulates Expression of Coxsackievirus-adenovirus Receptor Through Mechanosensory Complex in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Jihwa Chung, Ga-Young Lee, Kyoung Hwa Kim, Yoon Pyo Lee, Seok Cheol Lee, Shung Hyun An, Kihwan Kwon
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Backgrounds: Vascular endothelial cells, which form the innermost layer of blood vessels, are exposed to fluid shear stress that modulates endothelial function and vascular pathophysiology. The coxsackie- and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. However, the function of CAR as a virus receptor has been extensively studied, while its physiological role and expression pattern in endothelial cells under fluid shear stress have remained less clear. Methods and Results: We demonstrated that mechanisms involved in CAR expression and underlying molecular mechanism by comparing the laminar and oscillatory fluid shear stresses in endothelial cells. Confluent HUVECs were exposed to a unidirectional steady flow (shear stress of 25 dyne/cm2) for laminar shear stress (LSS), and a bidirectional disturbed flow (shear stress of ± 5 dyne/cm2) for oscillatory shear stress (OSS), under various time periods. Additionally, we used a model of atherosclerosis induced by disturbed flow in mice by partial carotid artery ligation. Western blot and RT-PCR analyses in HUVECs showed that OSS has upregulated CAR expression in both protein and mRNA levels; on the other hand, LSS has downregulated them. In enface staining of mice with partial carotid artery ligation, ligated left carotid artery (LCA) with OSS showed significantly increased CAR expression compared to expression from normal right carotid artery (RCA). In knockdown of CAR in HUVECs with siRNA encoding CAR, suppression in phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS by OSS was improved, whereas LSS-induced phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS was much activated. Moreover, transfection of HUVECs with siRNA encoding VEGFR2, PECAM-1 and VE-cadherin blocked OSS-induced CAR expression. Conclusions: Our results indicate that fluid shear stress can regulate CAR expression in endothelial cells and its regulation is mediated through the mechanosensory complex. Furthermore, it suggests that inhibition of CAR expression may lead to protective effects in endothelial cells via improving stimulation in signaling of mechanosensor under fluid shear stress. (Acknowledgements: NRF-2011-0019695)
Number of unvaccinated US children has quadrupled since 2001
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2018)

The percentage of American children aged under two who have had no vaccinations has quadrupled since 2001, according to new data released in a report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).1

Another report by the CDC2 said that 2017 was the third consecutive year in which the number of student immunisation exemptions for non-medical reasons climbed slightly.

Neither trend has yet reached alarming proportions, the CDC said. Only 1.3% of children aged under two currently lack all 14 recommended vaccinations. And only 2.2% of schoolchildren have non-medical school vaccination exemptions. But both numbers are moving in the wrong direction, public health experts say. And the tiny minority with no …
Hepatitis E in Italy: 5 years of national epidemiological, virological and environmental surveillance, 2012 to 2016
Authors: Valeria Alfonsi, Luisa Romanò, Anna Rita Ciccaglione, Giuseppina La Rosa, Roberto Bruni, Alessandro Zanetti, Simonetta Della Libera, Marcello Iaconelli, Patrizia Bagnarelli, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Anna Rosa Garbuglia, Flavia Riccardo, Maria Elena Tosti
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2018)

Increasing numbers of hepatitis E cases are being reported in several European countries, including Italy, but the burden of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is largely unknown in the latter. To gain a better understanding of HEV epidemiology at national level in Italy, we piloted a strengthened and integrated human (epidemiological and virological) and environmental HEV surveillance system between 2012 and 2016. Over the 5-year period, 169 confirmed hepatitis E cases were identified, with a national annual incidence of 0.72 cases per 1,000,000. Of 65 HEV-RNA positive samples of sufficient quality for molecular analysis, 66% were genotype HEV3, 32% HEV1 and 1% HEV4. The most frequent risk factor reported by all HEV3 infected cases, was the consumption of undercooked pork and sausage. For the environmental surveillance, 679 urban sewage samples were collected from 53 wastewater treatment plants and HEV-RNA was detected in 38/679 of the samples. Among these, 25 (66%) were genotype HEV3 and the remaining were HEV1. We demonstrate that autochthonous transmission and environmental circulation of genotype HEV3 is adding to travel-related HEV transmission in Italy. We recommend the ‘One Health’ approach to integrated surveillance, and to include HEV-related messages within health information campaigns focussing on food security.
Phathokuhle Zondi #TeamPlayer
Authors: Alexandra Ross
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

The thing they say about ‘you’re only young once’—it’s true. Be young. Have even more fun. Take a chance. Take many! Chill out. Be bold. Do you. It’s not about the destination, it’s about the journey. Make the most of the journey. Speak up. Let it out. Laugh louder. Dance harder. Spend more time with your family.

I’m up at 4:30 a.m. and, with a strong cup of coffee, start by mapping out my day ahead. I use these early hours to prepare for meetings, do some reading or writing, and work on secondary commitments. With a 3-year-old and a 8-month-old, mornings have become sacred quiet time! At 6.00 a.m., I usually spend an hour on the treadmill or spin bike. Sometime my 3-year-old daughter wakes up and joins me for the stretching at the end. ‘Mama streeeeesh’ is my favourite part of the session. I have breakfast with my daughter, drop her off at day care at 8:00 a.m. and then head out to the 9–5 job. Don’t be too impressed …
M7824 (MSB0011359C), a bifunctional fusion protein targeting PD-L1 and TGF-β, in patients with post-platinum esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC): Preliminary results from a phase I cohort
Authors: B. Tan, A. Khattak, E. Felip, K. Kelly, P. Rich, D. Wang, C. Helwig, I. Dussault, L. Ojalvo, N. Isambert
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
GW29-e0806 Differences in Myocardial Transit Time of Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Thach Nguyen, Bi Duy Tan, Le Phu Kinh Quoc, Thao Dang, Tu NT. Nguyen, Tarneem Darwish, Gianluca Rigatelli, Ernest Talarico
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
18F-DCFPyL PET/CT in Oncocytoma
Authors: Jeremy Li, Richard Xu, Chun K. Kim, François Bénard, Anil Kapoor, Glenn Bauman, Katherine A. Zukotynski
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

A 76-year-old man with biochemical failure after primary radiotherapy for prostate cancer had no malignant disease detected on Tc-MDP bone scan and diagnostic CT. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells. The PSMA-targeted F-DCFPyL PET/CT demonstrated lymph node disease and photopenic defects in the left kidney associated with a cyst and biopsy-proven oncocytoma. Prostate-specific membrane antigen is expressed in the neovasculature of several solid tumors. It has been reported that PSMA expression is seen in approximately 50% of oncocytoma versus 76% of clear cell renal carcinomas. Biopsy confirmation is needed regardless of F-DCFPyL avidity.
Long-term Rate of Mesh Sling Removal Following Midurethral Mesh Sling Insertion Among Women With Stress Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Ipek Gurol-Urganci, Rebecca S. Geary, Jil B. Mamza, Jonathan Duckett, Dina El-Hamamsy, Lucia Dolan, Douglas G. Tincello, Jan van der Meulen
Journal: JAMA (2018)

<h3>Importance</h3> There is concern about outcomes of midurethral mesh sling insertion for women with stress urinary incontinence. However, there is little evidence on long-term outcomes. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine long-term mesh removal and reoperation rates in women who had a midurethral mesh sling insertion for stress urinary incontinence. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This population-based retrospective cohort study included 95 057 women aged 18 years or older who had a first-ever midurethral mesh sling insertion for stress urinary incontinence in the National Health Service hospitals in England between April 1, 2006, and December 31, 2015. Women were followed up until April 1, 2016. <h3>Exposures</h3> Patient and hospital factors and retropubic or transobturator mesh sling insertions. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The primary outcome was the risk of midurethral mesh sling removal (partial or total) and secondary outcomes were reoperation for stress urinary incontinence and any reoperation including mesh removal, calculated with death as competing risk. A multivariable Fine-Gray model was used to calculate subdistribution hazard ratios as estimates of relative risk. <h3>Results</h3> The study population consisted of 95 057 women (median age, 51 years; interquartile range, 44-61 years) with first midurethral mesh sling insertion, including 60 194 with retropubic insertion and 34 863 with transobturator insertion. The median follow-up time was 5.5 years (interquartile range, 3.2-7.5 years). The rate of midurethral mesh sling removal was 1.4% (95% CI, 1.3%-1.4%) at 1 year, 2.7% (95% CI, 2.6%-2.8%) at 5 years, and 3.3% (95% CI, 3.2%-3.4%) at 9 years. Risk of removal declined with age. The 9-year removal risk after transobturator insertion (2.7% [95% CI, 2.4%-2.9%]) was lower than the risk after retropubic insertion (3.6% [95% CI, 3.5%-3.8%]; subdistribution hazard ratio, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.62-0.84]). The rate of reoperation for stress urinary incontinence was 1.3% (95% CI, 1.3%-1.4%) at 1 year, 3.5% (95% CI, 3.4%-3.6%) at 5 years, and 4.5% (95% CI, 4.3%-4.7%) at 9 years. The rate of any reoperation, including mesh removal, was 2.6% (95% CI, 2.5%-2.7%) at 1 year, 5.5% (95% CI, 5.4%-5.7%) at 5 years, and 6.9% (95% CI, 6.7%-7.1%) at 9 years. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Among women undergoing midurethral mesh sling insertion, the rate of mesh sling removal at 9 years was estimated as 3.3%. These findings may guide women and their surgeons when making decisions about surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence.
Abstract 11400: Targeting Coagulation Factor Xa With Rivaroxaban Reduces the Onset and Progression of Atherosclerosis and Enhances Plaque Stability in ApoE Null Mice
Authors: Jelle Posthuma, Jens Posma, Rene van Oerle, Leon Schurgers, Stefan Heitmeier, Hugo ten Cate, Henri Spronk
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Objective: Atherosclerosis is a progressive chronic inflammatory vascular disease, complicated by plaque rupture and subsequent thrombus formation. In vitro studies indicate that coagulation proteases such as thrombin and factor Xa (FXa) may contribute to pro-atherosclerotic mechanisms mediated through activation of protease-activated receptors (PARs). Whereas experimental thrombin inhibition reduced development and progression of atherosclerosis, the contribution of FXa to atherogenesis has not been elucidated. To assess the involvement of FXa in atherosclerosis, we investigated the effects of direct FXa inhibition by rivaroxaban on experimental atherosclerosis. Approach and Results: Female ApoE -/- mice (age 8-9weeks) received high-fat diet (HFD) or HFD supplemented with rivaroxaban for 8 or 14 weeks (n=10/group). In the second arm, ApoE -/- mice received HFD for 14 weeks, followed by either continuation with HFD or switched to HFD supplemented with rivaroxaban for 6 weeks (n=10/group). Inhibition of FXa decreased the onset of atherosclerosis in the aortic arch after 8 weeks (-36.92%, p&lt;0.05) and 14 weeks (-46.47%, p&lt;0.05) as well as in the carotid artery; 8 weeks (-38.14%, p&lt;0.05) and 14 weeks (-23.38%, p&lt;0.05). Furthermore, progression of pre-existing plaque after 14 weeks was reduced in the aortic arch (-20.85%, p&lt;0.05) and carotid artery (-30.26%, p&lt;0.05). Immunohistochemical staining revealed reduced plaque vulnerability, as reflected by diminished macrophage infiltration (-38.28%, p&lt;0.05), enhanced collagen (+45.30%, p&lt;0.05) and reduced necrotic core (-37.49%, p&lt;0.05). These findings were associated with elevated collagen-producing vascular smooth muscle cells and reduced collagen degradation proteins MMPs. The qualitative and quantitative improvements were accompanied by reduced expression of PARs and their activators, thrombin and FXa. Conclusions: Pharmacological inhibition of FXa with rivaroxaban impedes the onset and progression of atherosclerosis and increased plaque stability, which is possibly mediated through reduced activation of PARs. These data suggest that direct targeting of FXa may be beneficial in treatment of atherosclerosis; to demonstrate clinical relevance further studies are required.
Initiatives for business classification at Tohoku University Hospital ethics review committee secretariat
Authors: Tadao Takano, Yoko Akiyama, Kuriko Kihara, Youko Yonekura, Junko Ishikawa, Manami Onodera, Manami Yoshida, Sachiko Hayasaka, Wakiko Komotsu, Tomonori Hosi, Naoto Nakano, Mayumi Sato, Kotaro Nochioka, Hisashi Ohishi, Yosinari Okada, Chikashi Ishioka
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
A phase Ib study of safety and preliminary efficacy of extracranial stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with systemic therapy
Authors: N. Dengina, T. Mitin, S. Gamayunov, S. Safina, Y. Kreinina, I. Tsimafeyeu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Abstract B18: Modeling renal medullary carcinomas identifies druggable vulnerabilities in SMARCB1-deficient cancers
Authors: Andrew L. Hong, Yuen-Yi Tseng, Bryan D. Kynnap, Mihir B. Doshi, Jeremiah Wala, Gabriel Sandoval, Alanna J. Church, Elizabeth Mullen, Cigall Kadoch, Charles W.M. Roberts, Rameen Beroukhim, Jesse S. Boehm, William C. Hahn
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Renal medullary carcinomas (RMCs) are thought to be driven by the loss of tumor suppressor, SMARCB1. These rare kidney cancers carry a very poor prognosis and primarily affect African American adolescents and young adults with sickle cell trait. From two patients with RMC, we have identified by whole-genome sequencing mechanisms of SMARCB1 loss (e.g., inactivating fusion events involving SMARCB1). We developed in vitro models of primary and relapsed metastatic disease. We performed biochemical and functional studies to conclusively show that RMC is dependent on loss of SMARCB1, similar to rhabdoid tumors and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors. Furthermore, we performed small-molecule screens, pooled CRISPR-Cas9 knockout, and RNAi suppression screens focused on druggable cancer targets. Integration of these orthogonal methods identifies a core set of targets that may provide a rational approach to therapeutic targeting for this rare kidney cancer and other SMARCB1-deficient cancers. Citation Format: Andrew L. Hong, Yuen-Yi Tseng, Bryan D. Kynnap, Mihir B. Doshi, Jeremiah Wala, Gabriel Sandoval, Alanna J. Church, Elizabeth Mullen, Cigall Kadoch, Charles W.M. Roberts, Rameen Beroukhim, Jesse S. Boehm, William C. Hahn. Modeling renal medullary carcinomas identifies druggable vulnerabilities in SMARCB1-deficient cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Pediatric Cancer Research: From Basic Science to the Clinic; 2017 Dec 3-6; Atlanta, Georgia. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(19 Suppl):Abstract nr B18.
Junior doctor withdraws claim that whistleblowing ruined his career
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2018)

A junior doctor who claimed that he was unfairly dismissed by an NHS trust for whistleblowing about unsafe staffing levels and that his career was destroyed by Health Education England has withdrawn his claims part way through an employment tribunal hearing.

Chris Day, 33, fought a four year legal battle to have his claims heard after raising concerns in 2014 about understaffing and safety at the intensive care unit of the Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Woolwich, south London, where he was a specialist registrar in emergency medicine.123 He claimed that after he repeated the concerns to HEE it deleted his training number, making it impossible for him to continue his training.

HEE claimed that it was not legally his employer, so …
Phase II study of paclitaxel in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) after failure of at least both imatinib and sunitinib
Authors: H. Cho, M.-H. Ryu, B.J. Kim, Y. Park, Y.-S. Na, J. Ma, M.Y. Beck, Y.-K. Kang
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Plasma Exchange Can Be an Alternative Therapeutic Modality for Severe Cytokine Release Syndrome after Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cell Infusion: A Case Report
Authors: Xia Xiao, Xiaoyuan He, Qing Li, Huan Zhang, Juanxia Meng, Yanyu Jiang, Qi Deng, Mingfeng Zhao
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background: Tumor immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor-T cells (CAR-T) is a promising new treatment for B-cell malignancies and has produced exciting results. However, cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is the most significant toxicity associated with this treatment and can be life-threatening. Case Presentation: A 23-year-old male patient had been diagnosed with relapsed and refractory B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia. The patient was recruited into our CAR-T clinical trial, and 1 × 106/kg of engineered anti-CD19 CAR-T cells was administered. After infusion of CAR-T cells (day 0), the patient underwent a typical CRS reaction, with increases in fever, muscle soreness, and inflammatory cytokines. He was treated with antiallergic and antipyretic drugs, glucocorticoids, and tocilizumab (4 mg/kg, days 3 and 5). However, CRS was not under control, and his condition rapidly deteriorated. He was transferred to the intensive care unit, where dexamethasone 10 mg q6h was administered, and plasma exchange was performed, with 3,000 mL of plasma replaced by fresh frozen plasma per day for 3 consecutive days. His symptoms gradually improved, and the CRS-related symptoms were relieved. Additionally, a bone marrow smear showed no lymphoblast cells, and minimal residual disease was negative on day 28. The patient was eventually discharged in a normal condition. Conclusions: CRS is caused by an exaggerated systemic immune response, potentially resulting in organ damage that can be fatal. Although therapeutic plasma exchange is not included in CRS management guidelines, this case shows that plasma exchange is feasible in at least some patients with severe CRS.
Abstract 15102: Treatment and Persistence With Oral Anticoagulants Among Newly Diagnosed Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation in a Commercially Insured and Medicare Advantage Population
Authors: Rahul Jain, Jessica Franchino-Elder, An-Chen Fu, Cheng Wang, Stephen Sander, Hiangkiat Tan, Elizabeth Kraft, Vincent Willey
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Treatment guidelines recommend oral anticoagulation (OAC) for non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients at high stroke risk (CHADS2 score ≥2). Real-world practice may differ from guidelines. Objectives: To assess OAC treatment and persistence in newly diagnosed NVAF patients. Methods: Medical and pharmacy claims between 11/1/10-11/30/13 were used from the HealthCore Integrated Research Database to identify and describe NVAF patients without atrial fibrillation (AF) diagnosis within 12 months prior to initial claim (newly diagnosed). Treated patients had ≥1 pharmacy fill for an OAC (warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban or apixaban) during the above period. Proportion of treated NVAF patients was calculated and stratified by CHADS2 score. Demographic and clinical characteristics were described. Persistence was measured from initiation of OAC to discontinuation or end of eligibility or study period (11/30/2014). Results: Among 45,092 newly diagnosed NVAF patients, 41.1% were treated with an O...
GW29-e1803 LAmbre Occluder in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: a Prospective single-center registry
Authors: Shuang Li, Jun Zhang, JingYing Zhang, Mengyun Zhu, Haotian Yang, Lu Liu, Hailing Li, Kai Tang, Yunlan Lu, Dongdong Zhao, Wei Chen, Yatyin Lam, Yawei Xu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
CD5 and CD6: Evaluation of their role as prognostic biomarkers in resectable non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: A. Moreno, S. Calabuig Fariñas, S. Gallach Garcia, A. Fernando, I. Simoes, E. Carreras, M. Consuegra-Fernández, A. Blasco Cordellat, A.J. Cunquero Tomas, M. Martorell, C. Camps, F. Lozano, R. Sirera Perez, E. Jantus-Lewintre
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Definition of psoriasis severity in routine clinical care: current guidelines fail to capture the complexity of long-term psoriasis management
Authors: M. Augustin, A. Langenbruch, M. Gutknecht, K. Reich, A. Körber, D. Maaßen, U. Mrowietz, D. Thaçi, R. von Kiedrowski, M.A. Radtke
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Assessment of disease severity is an essential component of psoriasis management. Moderate‐to‐severe disease qualifies for systemic treatment but different definitions are used. To analyse the impact of different severity definitions for psoriasis in real‐world healthcare. Cross‐sectional data on 3274 patients with psoriasis from more than 200 dermatology offices and clinics across Germany were analysed for disease severity based on Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). The proportions of patients having moderate‐to‐severe disease were determined accordingly. The proportion of patients meeting the European consensus criteria for moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis (PASI AND DLQI > 10) was 14·0%, although 45·3% attained at least PASI OR DLQI > 10. Consideration of all patients on systemic drugs as being 'moderate‐to‐severe' increased these proportions to 56·9% and 75·2%, respectively. When only PASI > 10 was used, moderate‐to‐severe disease affected 35·3% and 69·3%, respectively. The proportion of patients with psoriasis under dermatological care considered to have moderate‐to‐severe disease varies considerably according to how the latter is defined, resulting in uncertainty and inequity of access to systemic therapy. We propose an international standardisation in this for the sake of more reliable treatment and healthcare planning.
Abstract 19451: Evaluating the Diagnostic Accuracy of Clinical Risk Scores to Detect Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients Evaluated at the Emergency Department for a Chief Complaint of Chest Pain
Authors: Ziad Faramand, Mohammad Alrawashdeh, Christian Martin-Gill, Clifton Callaway, Salah S Al-Zaiti
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The process of diagnosing acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with chest pain, especially with the absence of ST elevation (STE), is lengthy, costly, and consumes significant re...
Prevalence, genetic features, and anti-cancer drug sensitivity of NUT midline carcinoma
Authors: Shunsuke Okumura, Nana Takahashi, Satoshi Okazaki, Shin-ichi Chiba, Masatoshi Sado, Takaaki Sasaki, Hidehiro Takei, Masahiro Kitada, Yoshinobu Ohsaki
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Lymphocyte-Derived Exosomal MicroRNAs Promote Pancreatic β Cell Death and May Contribute to Type 1 Diabetes Development
Authors: Claudiane Guay, Janine K. Kruit, Sophie Rome, Véronique Menoud, Niels L. Mulder, Angelika Jurdzinski, Francesca Mancarella, Guido Sebastiani, Alena Donda, Bryan J. Gonzalez, Camilla Jandus, Karim Bouzakri, Michel Pinget, Christian Boitard, Pedro Romero, Francesco Dotta, Romano Regazzi
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2018)