tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Letter by Ahmed et al Regarding Article, “Low-Dose Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: 10-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial”
Authors: Sofia B. Ahmed, Amy Metcalfe, Kara Nerenberg
Journal: Circulation (2017)

We read with great interest the recent article by Saito and colleagues. 1 In their prospective observational cohort study after the conclusion of the Japanese Primary Prevention of Atherosclerosis With Aspirin for Diabetes randomized controlled trial, they found that after a median 10-year follow-up, low-dose aspirin did not affect the risk for cardiovascular events or hemorrhagic stroke but was associated with an increased risk for gastrointestinal bleeding.Use of aspirin in primary prevention is less clear in women compared with men.Previous trials have highlighted important sex differences in the effects of this therapy: In healthy women, low-dose aspirin for primary prevention resulted in a significantly decreased risk of stroke but demonstrated no significant effect on the risk of myocardial infarction, 2 whereas the opposite was found in men. 3 In both of these studies, aspirin increased the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke; in women, however, this risk was strongly related to a woman's age.A subgroup analysis of participants >65 years of age in the Women's Health Study 2 showed a clear association of benefit for both stroke and myocardial infarction.These studies highlight not only the importance of sex-specific reporting of outcomes but also the need to take age into account as a marker of the effects of menopause on cardiovascular risk in women.In this era of precision medicine and the Choosing Wisely initiative, reporting of sex differences in outcomes in the scientific literature is critical to deliver effective healthcare interventions.With increasing evidence that aging and menopausal status increase many more cardiovascular risk factors in women than aging in men, 4 highlighting to whom the research results apply is an ethical obligation of the scientific community.Saito and colleagues 1 performed separate subgroup analyses stratified by sex and age that did not detect any differences between groups and concluded that the overall study results apply to women and men of all ages equally.However, the potential effects of menopause in women were not considered, which is important given their large, albeit not statistically significant, difference in outcome by age.As recently outlined by Clayton and Tannenbaum, 5 analysis by sex in addition to using age as a proxy of menopausal status would provide clinicians with important information on the potential benefits of aspirin for cardiovascular disease prevention in women.
Application of the 2015/2016 EULAR recommendations for cardiovascular risk in daily practice: data from an observational study
Authors: Claire Immediato Daïen, Amandine Tubery, Guilhem du Cailar, Thibault Mura, François Roubille, Jacques Morel, Jean Bousquet, Pierre Fesler, Bernard Combe
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Endocannabinoid signaling in hypothalamic circuits regulates arousal from general anesthesia in mice
Authors: Haixing Zhong, Li Tong, Ning Gu, Fang Gao, Yacheng Lu, Rou-gang Xie, Jingjing Liu, Xin Li, Richard Bergeron, Lisa E. Pomeranz, Ken Mackie, Feng Wang, Chun-Xia Luo, Yan Ren, Sheng-Xi Wu, Zhongcong Xie, Lin Xu, Jinlian Li, Hailong Dong, Lize Xiong, Xia Zhang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2017)

Consciousness can be defined by two major attributes: awareness of environment and self, and arousal, which reflects the level of awareness. The return of arousal after general anesthesia presents an experimental tool for probing the neural mechanisms that control consciousness. Here we have identified that systemic or intracerebral injection of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R) antagonist AM281 into the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (DMH) - but not the adjacent perifornical area (Pef) or the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus (VLPO) - accelerates arousal in mice recovering from general anesthesia. Anesthetics selectively activated endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling at DMH glutamatergic but not GABAergic synapses, leading to suppression of both glutamatergic DMH-Pef and GABAergic DMH-VLPO projections. Deletion of CB1R from widespread cerebral cortical or prefrontal cortical (PFC) glutamatergic neurons, including those innervating the DMH, mimicked the arousal-accelerating effects of AM281. In contrast, CB1R deletion from brain GABAergic neurons or hypothalamic glutamatergic neurons did not affect recovery time from anesthesia. Inactivation of PFC-DMH, DMH-VLPO, or DMH-Pef projections blocked AM281-accelerated arousal, whereas activation of these projections mimicked the effects of AM281. We propose that decreased eCB signaling at glutamatergic terminals of the PFC-DMH projection accelerates arousal from general anesthesia through enhancement of the excitatory DMH-Pef projection, the inhibitory DMH-VLPO projection, or both.
Medicare’s top billing doctor is convicted of medical fraud
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

A Florida ophthalmologist, often described as America’s richest practicing physician, has been convicted on 67 counts of defrauding Medicare.

Salomon Melgen billed the government $190 million (£148m; €174m) for services that were medically inappropriate between 2008 and 2013.1 Patients’ diagnoses were written out by staff before they were seen, the most lucrative conditions were diagnosed in improbable numbers, and vision treatments were billed for prosthetic eyes, the jury found.

The Dominican born, Harvard trained doctor received $105m of the money billed, but became embroiled in several disputes with the public payer.

Melgen became active in politics and befriended a Democrat senator from New Jersey, Bob Menendez, who interceded on his behalf in the billing dispute. Menendez and Melgen holidayed together, Menendez took free trips on Melgen’s private jet, and Melgen contributed roughly $1m in campaign contributions. Menendez …
Changes in androgen deprivation therapy overuse: Reimbursement response and characteristics of persistent overusers.
Authors: Shellie D. Ellis, Matthew Edward Nielsen, William Ruffin Carpenter, George L. Jackson, Stephanie B. Wheeler, Huan Liu, Morris Weinberger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

5044 Background: Reimbursement cuts driven by the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 are associated with declining androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) overuse in prostate cancer; yet, 25.7% of men for whom ADT was not recommended still received it in 2005. We examined physician-level prescribing changes and characteristics of persistent overusers among urologists. Understanding characteristics of urologists who persistently overuse ADT can improve quality of care and inform current efforts to limit reimbursement. Methods: We conducted a population-based, retrospective study of 2,138 urologists treating 12,943 men with early stage and lower grade prostate cancer diagnosed between 2000 and 2007. SEER-Medicare data was matched to American Medical Association physician data. Mixed effects regression modeling controlled for patient and provider characteristics. Results: We observed 3 distinct patterns of overuse. Static users (69%) had low levels of ADT overuse in 2000 and maintained infrequent overuse. Decreasing users (18%) had the highest levels of ADT overuse in 2000, but overuse decreased sharply in 2004, matching levels of use of static users by 2008. Increasing users (13%),increased ADT overuse in 2004 adopting levels higher than any user in 2000. Urologists’ time in practice was not associated with ADT overuse (OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.75-1.05). However, solo practice type (OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.34-2.02), lack of medical school affiliation (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.23-1.45), and patient race were. Compared to non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks (OR 1.76; 95% CI 1.37-2.27), Hispanics (OR 1.41; 95% CI 1.12-1.79) and men of “other” race (OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.04-1.99) had greater odds of receiving unnecessary ADT. Conclusions: ADT overuse remains high among some urologists who may be professionally isolated and difficult to reach by usual means. These urologists may treat more vulnerable populations, which may contribute to health disparities in prostate cancer treatment quality. Finally, efforts to limit reimbursement may not have uniform effects, warranting careful assessment of subsequent quality and potential disparate impact.
Defending Biomedical Science in an Era of Threatened Funding
Authors: John P. A. Ioannidis
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Combined Radiotherapy and Anti–PD-L1 Antibody Synergistically Enhances Antitumor Effect in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Xiaomei Gong, Xuefei Li, Tao Jiang, Huikang Xie, Zhengfei Zhu, Fei Zhou, Caicun Zhou
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
The Multi-Kinase Inhibitor DCC-2618 Inhibits Proliferation and Survival of Neoplastic Mast Cells and Other Cell Types Involved in Systemic Mastocytosis
Authors: Mathias A Schneeweiss, Barbara Peter, Katharina Blatt, Daniela Berger, Gabriele Stefanzl, Emir Hadzijusufovic, Karoline V Gleixner, Peter Valent
Journal: Blood (2016)
A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of asthma in Puerto Ricans
Authors: Qi Yan, John Brehm, Maria Pino-Yanes, Erick Forno, Jerome Lin, Sam S. Oh, Edna Acosta-Perez, Cathy C. Laurie, Michelle M. Cloutier, Benjamin A. Raby, Adrienne M. Stilp, Tamar Sofer, Donglei Hu, Scott Huntsman, Celeste S. Eng, Matthew P. Conomos, Deepa Rastogi, Kenneth Rice, Glorisa Canino, Wei Chen, R. Graham Barr, Esteban G. Burchard, Juan C. Celedón
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Puerto Ricans are disproportionately affected with asthma in the USA. In this study, we aim to identify genetic variants that confer susceptibility to asthma in Puerto Ricans. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of asthma in Puerto Ricans, including participants from: the Genetics of Asthma in Latino Americans (GALA) I-II, the Hartford–Puerto Rico Study and the Hispanic Community Health Study. Moreover, we examined whether susceptibility loci identified in previous meta-analyses of GWAS are associated with asthma in Puerto Ricans. The only locus to achieve genome-wide significance was chromosome 17q21, as evidenced by our top single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs907092 (OR 0.71, p=1.2×10 −12 ) at IKZF3 . Similar to results in non-Puerto Ricans, SNPs in genes in the same linkage disequilibrium block as IKZF3 ( e.g. ZPBP2 , ORMDL3 and GSDMB ) were significantly associated with asthma in Puerto Ricans. With regard to results from a meta-analysis in Europeans, we replicated findings for rs2305480 at GSDMB , but not for SNPs in any other genes. On the other hand, we replicated results from a meta-analysis of North American populations for SNPs at IL1RL1 , TSLP and GSDMB but not for IL33 . Our findings suggest that common variants on chromosome 17q21 have the greatest effects on asthma in Puerto Ricans.
Buprenorphine for the Treatment of the Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Walter K. Kraft, Susan C. Adeniyi-Jones, Inna Chervoneva, Jay S. Greenspan, Diane Abatemarco, Karol Kaltenbach, Michelle E. Ehrlich
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Current pharmacologic treatment of the neonatal abstinence syndrome with morphine is associated with a lengthy duration of therapy and hospitalization. Buprenorphine may be more effective than morphine for this indication.
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Cells Modulate Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Induce a Respiratory Hyper-Drive State upon Acquisition of Ibrutinib-Resistance
Authors: Aneel Paulus, Sharoon Akhtar, Roman Hudec, Shumail M. Paulus, Yamima Bashir, Thomas E. Witzig, Stephen Ansell, Stig Linder, Sikander Ailawadhi, Asher A. Chanan-Khan
Journal: Blood (2016)
Novel therapy with 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) for the treatment of relapsed and plateau phase multiple myeloma
Authors: M. Lacy, P. Richardson, M. Gertz, A. Dispenzieri, P. Greipp, T. Witzig, R. Schlossman, C. Sidor, K. Anderson, S. Rajkumar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

8108 Background: 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) is a natural endogenous product of estradiol metabolism with anti-angiogenic and anti-neoplastic properties that has demonstrated activity against multiple myeloma cell lines and xenografts in immunocompromised mice. We report results of the first phase II clinical trial of 2ME2 in pts with relapsed and plateau phase myeloma. Methods: This trial was designed with a one-stage design to accrue 60 pts in the setting of relapsed and plateau phase myeloma. 2ME2 was administered orally at a dose of 1000 mg daily. After the first 39 pts were accrued, based on the results of ongoing phase I trials, the dose of 2ME2 was increased to 800 mg twice daily for the remaining patients. Pts who were already on study at that point were also allowed to escalate their dose to 800 mg twice daily. The primary endpoint was overall response rate. Responses were assessed using Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group criteria. Results: Sixty patients were treated at Mayo Clinic and Dana Farber Cancer Institute. Median age was 60 years (range, 28–99). Thirty-one patients had relapsed/refractory myeloma and 29 patients had plateau phase myeloma. Median number of prior therapies was 4 including stem cell transplant (48%), thalidomide (62%), bortezomib (6%) and lenalidomide (3%). Therapy was well tolerated. Adverse events were anemia (35%), fatigue (35%), nausea (25%), diarrhea (20%), hot flashes (20%), headache (17%), muscle cramps (15%), and upper respiratory tract infection (15%). Most toxicities were mild (grade 1–2). Estimated progression-free survival rates for all pts at one, two, and three years are 24%, 16%, and 9% respectively. Three pts with plateau phase disease, have been on study for over 4 years without progression at 50, 60, and 63 months. Response assessment is ongoing; so far, whilst no partial responses have been seen, prolonged stable disease has been observed in 3 pts (5%). Conclusions: 2ME2 is a novel agent that appears to be safe and well tolerated. Although no responses have been seen, prolonged stable disease in some pts is promising. Preliminary pharmacokinetic data indicate that the dose of 2ME2 used in this study may be inadequate, and a new formulation with significantly better bioavailability will be tested soon in this patient population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Ribociclib + letrozole vs placebo + letrozole in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER2–) advanced breast cancer (ABC) and a high disease burden
Authors: S. Verma, M. Gil-Gil, R. Hegg, P. Wheatley-Price, J. Kattan, H. Bourgeois, S. Sutradhar, M. Miller, M. Campone
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
La Capsule Oesophagienne peut-elle remplacer la Gastroscopie dans le diagnostic de l'Hypertension Portale?
Authors: MG Lapalus, J Dumortier, F Fumex, B Prost, M Lot, S Roman, F Mion, T Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

La gastroscopie est l'examen de référence pour le diagnostic des signes d'hypertension portale (HTP). Une capsule oesophagienne (PillCam® eso- Given®) est disponible depuis peu. Le but de cette étude prospective et comparative était d'évaluer son intérêt dans le diagnostic des varices oesophagiennes (VO).
How often do we reach the caecum? An audit of colonoscopic practice in a single unit setting
Authors: AM Kelly, G Bennett, S Sengupta, J Leyden, A Moss, F Glesson, E Clarke, J Crowe, J Lennon, P MacMathuna
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Aim: Published colonoscopy-completion rates vary substantially and audits suggest they often fall short of the 90% completion-rate considered acceptable. Consequently, we undertook a retrospective-audit of colonoscopies performed in our unit over a six-month period from Oct 03– Mar 04.
Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder During Pregnancy May Increase Cases of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome—Reply
Authors: Joshua D. Brown, Jeffery C. Talbert
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Acute Declines in Renal Function during Intensive BP Lowering: Implications for Future ESRD Risk
Authors: Elaine Ku, George Bakris, Kirsten L. Johansen, Feng Lin, Mark J. Sarnak, Vito M. Campese, Kenneth Jamerson, Jennifer J. Gassman, Miroslaw Smogorzewski, Chi-yuan Hsu
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2017)

The magnitude of decline in renal function that should be tolerated during intensive BP lowering and its association with risk of ESRD are unclear. To determine whether the acute declines in kidney function in the intensive BP lowering arm of two trials in CKD associated with higher risk of ESRD, we performed a retrospective study of 899 African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) and 761 Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Trial participants previously randomized to strict versus usual BP control. The predictor was the percentage decline in eGFR (<5%, 5% to <20%, or ≥20%) between randomization and months 3 and 4 of the trial (time to achieve BP goals). ESRD was the outcome of interest. Compared with a <5% eGFR decline in the usual BP arm, a 5% to <20% eGFR decline during intensive BP lowering did not associate with a higher risk of ESRD in the AASK (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.84 to 1.68) or the MDRD Trial (aHR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.40). However, a 5% to <20% eGFR decline in the usual BP arm associated with higher risk of ESRD in AASK (aHR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.30 to 2.57) and MDRD Trial (aHR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.25 to 2.11). A ≥20% eGFR decline associated with higher risk of ESRD in both strict and usual BP arms. Thus, acute eGFR declines ≥20% during intensive BP lowering identified a subset of patients at higher risk for adverse outcomes.
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) at Diagnosis Is Associated to Advanced Stage, Worse Response and Poor Prognosis in Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Bernardo Lopez Andrade, Beatriz Robredo, Francesca Sartori, Inés Herráez, Maria Antonia Duran Pastor, Marta Garcia Recio, Jorge Jose Martinez Serra, Leyre Bento, Antonia Sampol, Jose Rodríguez, Antonio Gutierrez
Journal: Blood (2016)
Implications and Interpretations of Differences in Age-Adjusted Testosterone Levels
Authors: Kevin R. Loughlin
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal