tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Congolese gynaecologist shares Nobel peace prize for work with war rape victims
Authors: Jacqui Thornton
Journal: BMJ (2018)

An “extraordinary and courageous” Congolese gynaecologist who has spent decades helping people raped as a weapon of war has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize 2018.

Denis Mukwege, 63, shares the prize with Iraqi Yazidi human rights activist Nadia Murad, who was tortured and raped by Islamic State militants and later became the face of a campaign to free the Yazidi people.

Mukwege was operating at Panzi hospital in Bukavu, in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), when he heard the news which was announced in Oslo on 5 October. He is now medical director of the hospital which he founded in 1999, where he lives under the permanent protection of UN peacekeepers.

He dedicated his award to all women affected by sexual violence. “This Nobel prize is a …
P3.13-32 Drug Sensitivity of Lung Adenocarcinoma Towards Inducers of Epigenetic Modifications
Authors: I. Moneke, S. Dhamija, A. Becker, M. Jung, A. Hauser, M. Luebbert, B. Passlick, S. Diederichs
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)
GW29-e0316 Leptin-OBRb-JAK2/STAT3-SOCS3/POMC signaling pathway mediates the prevention effect of leptin in breast milk against adulthood obesity of the female neonatal rats born small for gestational age
Authors: Xiaoyi Fang, Min Wang, Bo Chen, Yongheng Chen, Yuguang Li
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Abstract 23238: Pulmonary Vein Isolation Alone Is An Effective Rhythm Control Strategy In Patients With Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Those Changed To Paroxysmal Type With Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy: A Multi-center Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Hee Tae Yu, Jaemin Shim, Junbeom Park, In-Soo Kim, Tae-Hoon Kim, Jae-Sun Uhm, Boyoung Joung, Moon-Hyoung Lee, Young-Hoon Kim, Hui-Nam Pak
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Type of atrial fibrillation (AF) can change depending on the condition and time, and some of patients with initially presented persistent AF (PeAF) changed to paroxysmal AF (PAF) after ...
Association of a history of autoimmunity or hypersensitivity with overall survival in breast cancer.
Authors: Hakan Lars Olsson, Ulrika Kogler, Rickard Einefors, Carolina Ellberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

1594 Background: Antibody therapy of malignant melanoma with ipilimumab is associated with the development of an autoimmune disease. The aim was to investigate if preexisting autoimmune disorders or hypersensitivities, similar to the side effects of immunotherapy in malignant melanoma, gave a better overall survival for breast cancer (BC) patients, compared with patients without these disorders. Methods: A consecutive clinical material consisting of 1,705 breast cancer patients diagnosed between 1980 and 2010 was used. The patients were grouped according to preexisting autoimmune disease or hypersensitivities. The remaining BC patients were used as a reference group. All analyses were adjusted for age at diagnosis, T, N, M-status of the tumor, and ever-use of HRT simultaneously. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: One hundred and twenty-five (7.3%) patients had a history of autoimmunity and 72 (4.2%) patients had a history of hypersensitivity prior to BC diagnosis. Our main finding was that BC patients with a preexisting autoimmune disease or hypersensitivities with ER-negative tumors had a longer overall survival compared to patients without, HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.31-0.97. The risk was specifically low in BC patients with hypersensitivity and ER-negative tumors, HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16-0.96. The risk was nonsignificantly lower in the autoimmune group, HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.37-1.61. Stratifying both on ER-status and menopausal status, similar results were seen in premenopausal BC patients with hypersensitivity. Postmenopausal BC patients with an ER-negative tumor and an autoimmune disease had a longer nonsignificant overall survival, HR 0.3, 95% CI 0.07-1.26. Conclusions: BC patients with an ER-negative tumor and/or diagnosed before menopause had a longer overall survival when previously diagnosed with hypersensitivity. For BC patients with an autoimmune disease, the prognostic benefit was seen when diagnosed postmenopausally with an ER-negative BC. Preexisting or induced autoimmunity or hypersensitivity may prolong life in breast cancer especially in young patients and those with ER-negative tumors.
Safety of immunotherapy in elderly patients: A retrospective analysis of a phase I unit
Authors: E. Ferraro, G. Viale, B. Achutti Duso, C. Belli, C. Criscitiello, L. Mazzarella, A. Esposito, S. Morganti, D. Trapani, P. Tarantino, P. D'Amico, C. Busacca, M.A. Massaro, G. Curigliano
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
A prospective multicenter study of primary breast lymphoma in the rituximab era: Prognostic implication of beta 2 microglobulin and interlukin-6 & interlukin-10
Authors: L. Ezz Elarab, E. Hamada, A. Mostafa, A. Saber, M. Abdel-Gawad, R.M. Haggag, H.D. Darwish, S.A. Elhassanin, M. Swellam
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
P3.08-01 Treatment Outcomes in Oligometastatic Disease of Non Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single Center Experience
Authors: P. Akın Kabalak, D. Kızılgöz, Ü. Yılmaz, T. Inal Cengiz, E. Tunç, Ş. Yaman, E. Gülhan
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)
P3.17-02 Increasing Radiation Dose to Central Structures is Associated with Worse Survival Following Thoracic Proton Reirradiation
Authors: J. Contreras, A. Srivastava, A. Chundury, F. Reynoso, T. Zhao, B. Sun, M. Roach, C. Robinson, J. Bradley
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)
Abstract 14774: Preserved Left Ventricular Contractile Reserve After Thoracic Irradiation in the Interleukin-1 Receptor Knock Out Mouse
Authors: Eleonora Mezzaroma, Stefano Toldo, Benjamin W Van Tassell, Carlo Marchetti, Ross B Mikkelsen, David A Gewirtz, Antonio Abbate
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Thoracic irradiation (XRT), in the treatment of many cancers, is associated with the development of cardiomyopathy. In mice, XRT induces interleukin-1 (IL-1) in the heart and lungs and cause impairment in contractile reserve early after XRT, despite a normal resting cardiac function. We propose to assess the role of IL-1 on the long-term effects of XRT-induced cardiomyopathy. Methods: We exposed C57BL/6J wild type (wt) or IL-1 receptor type I knock out mice (IL-1RI KO, not responsive to IL-1)(N=12/group) to 2 doses of XRT (14 or 20 Gray [Gy]). Echocardiography was performed to assess left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) at baseline, and 4 months after XRT. Isoproterenol (a beta-adrenergic receptor agonist, 10 ng/mouse) was used to measure the contractile reserve (change in LVEF [%]). LV catheterization was use to measure the LV end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), LV peak systolic pressure (LVPSP), +dP/dT and [[Unable to Display Character: –]]dT/dP. Sham-XRT mice were used as controls. Resu...
P3.09-13 Molecular Profiling Suggests the Different Mechanisms Among Local Invasiveness in Resected Human Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: T. Menju, T. Sowa, N. Imamura, S. Nishikawa, K. Takahashi, R. Miyata, H. Ishikawa, M. Noguchi, M. Hamaji, D. Nakajima, A. Ohsumi, T. Sato, T. Chen-Yoshikawa, M. Sonobe, H. Date
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)
Preliminary results from a phase II trial of tipifarnib in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) with HRAS mutations
Authors: A.L. Ho, N. Chau, J. Bauman, K. Bible, A. Chintakuntlawar, M.E. Cabanillas, D.J. Wong, I. Braña Garcia, M.S. Brose, V. Boni, C. Even, M. Razaq, V. Mishra, K. Bracken, D. Wages, C. Scholz, A. Gualberto
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Predictor factor of survival in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib ∼a multicenter study∼
Authors: Chikara Ogawa, Masahiro Morita, Akina Omura, Mitsushige Shibatoge, Akemi Tsutsui, Tomonori Senoh, Takuya Nagano, Kouichi Takaguchi, Joji Tani, Asahiro Morishita, Hirohito Yoneyama, Tsutomu Masaki, Akio Moriya, Masaharu Ando, Akihiro Deguchi, Masatoshi Kudo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
The Mouse Microbiome Is Required for Sex-Specific Diurnal Rhythms of Gene Expression and Metabolism
Authors: Benjamin D. Weger, Cédric Gobet, Jake Yeung, Eva Martin, Sonia Jimenez, Bertrand Betrisey, Francis Foata, Bernard Berger, Aurélie Balvay, Anne Foussier, Aline Charpagne, Brigitte Boizet-Bonhoure, Chieh Jason Chou, Felix Naef, Frédéric Gachon
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2018)

The circadian clock and associated feeding rhythms have a profound impact on metabolism and the gut microbiome. To what extent microbiota reciprocally affect daily rhythms of physiology in the host remains elusive. Here, we analyzed transcriptome and metabolome profiles of male and female germ-free mice. While mRNA expression of circadian clock genes revealed subtle changes in liver, intestine, and white adipose tissue, germ-free mice showed considerably altered expression of genes associated with rhythmic physiology. Strikingly, the absence of the microbiome attenuated liver sexual dimorphism and sex-specific rhythmicity. The resulting feminization of male and masculinization of female germ-free animals is likely caused by altered sexual development and growth hormone secretion, associated with differential activation of xenobiotic receptors. This defines a novel mechanism by which the microbiome regulates host metabolism.
Acid Sphingomyelinase Inhibition Attenuates Cell Death in Mechanically Ventilated Newborn Rat Lung
Authors: Behzad Yeganeh, Joyce Lee, Claudia Bilodeau, Irene Lok, Leonardo Ermini, Cameron Ackerley, Isabella Caniggia, Jeroen Tibboel, Andre Kroon, Martin Post
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2018)

Rationale: Premature infants subjected to mechanical ventilation (MV) are prone to lung injury that may result in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. MV causes epithelial cell death and halts alveolar development. The exact mechanism of MV-induced epithelial cell death is unknown.Objectives: To determine the contribution of autophagy to MV-induced epithelial cell death in newborn rat lungs.Methods: Newborn rat lungs and fetal rat lung epithelial (FRLE) cells were exposed to MV and cyclic stretch, respectively, and were then analyzed by immunoblotting and mass spectrometry for autophagy, apoptosis, and bioactive sphingolipids.Measurements and Main Results: Both MV and stretch first induce autophagy (ATG 5–12 [autophagy related 5–12] and LC3B-II [microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B-II] formation) followed by extrinsic apoptosis (cleaved CASP8/3 [caspase-8/3] and PARP [poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase] formation). Stretch-induced apoptosis was attenuated by inhibiting autophagy. Coimmunoprecipitation revealed that stretch promoted an interaction between LC3B and the FAS (first apoptosis signal) cell death receptor in FRLE cells. Ceramide levels, in particular C16 ceramide, were rapidly elevated in response to ventilation and stretch, and C16 ceramide treatment of FRLE cells induced autophagy and apoptosis in a temporal pattern similar to that seen with MV and stretch. SMPD1 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1) was activated by ventilation and stretch, and its inhibition prevented ceramide production, LC3B-II formation, LC3B/first apoptosis signal interaction, caspase-3 activation, and, ultimately, FLRE cell death. SMPD1 inhibition also attenuated ventilation-induced autophagy and apoptosis in newborn rats.Conclusions: Ventilation-induced ceramides promote autophagy-mediated cell death, and identifies SMPD1 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of ventilation-induced lung injury in newborns.
The cancer registry as an ally in monitoring treatment effectiveness
Authors: F.A. Costa, C. Ramos, R. Murteira, T. Almodovar, J.L. Passos-Coelho, M.I. Carvalho, L. Costa, M.J. Brito, S. Ramos, M. Ferreira, A.C. Miranda
Journal: Pulmonology (2018)

To evaluate if the cancer registry database can be used to monitor treatment effectiveness using nivolumab treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as an example.An observational inception cohort was used, where all registered cases of NSCLC with authorisation to initiate treatment with nivolumab were monitored retrospectively to evaluate disease characteristics and response to prior treatments. Current exposure to nivolumab was prospectively characterised and treatment outcomes classified based on the clinical information registered in the patient medical record. The main outcome measure used to assess treatment effectiveness was overall survival (OS). Secondary outcomes considered were progression free survival (PFS) as a measure of effectiveness and occurrence of Adverse Drug Reaction (ADRs) as a measure of safety. Data were analysed using SPSS, version 24.A total of 115 patients received treatment with nivolumab for NSCLC, between November 1st 2015 and July 31st 2016, and were registered in the database. The majority were non-squamous type (n=107). The median OS was 11.4 months {CI95%: 11.1-11.7}, with a 1-year survival of 44%, in line with clinical trial data. Median PFS was 5.4 months {CI95%: 2.8-7.9}. Treatment was discontinued in 82 cases, most frequently due to disease progression. There were 38 cases of ADRs documented in the patient medical chart, 21 of which led to treatment discontinuation.The analysed data suggest that the cancer registry is a powerful tool to monitor treatment effectiveness, although considerable investment is needed to improve the medical culture of recording treatment exposure, particularly documentation of ADRs.
Limiting Elective Delivery Prior to 39 Weeks May Be Producing Harm Rather Than Benefit—Reply
Authors: Cande V. Ananth, Anthony M. Vintzileos
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Assessment of Between-Hospital Variation in Readmission and Mortality After Cancer Surgical Procedures
Authors: Sebastien Haneuse, Francesca Dominici, Sharon-Lise Normand, Deborah Schrag
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2018)

Although current federal quality improvement programs do not include cancer surgery, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and other payers are considering extending readmission reduction initiatives to include these and other common high-cost episodes.
Abstract 12797: A Global Longitudinal Strain in Endocardial Layer Selectively Correlated With Left Ventricular Ejection in Systemic Autoimmune Disorder Patients: A Multi-layer Transthoracic Echocardiography Study
Authors: Koya Ozawa, Nobusada Funabashi, Atsushi Sugiura, Hiroyuki Takaoka, Yoshio Kobayashi
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: In patients with systemic autoimmune disorders (SAD), hemodynamic abnormalities such as pulmonary hypertension occur. Hypothesis: Some specific myocardial characteristics in SAD patients may precipitate hemodynamic abnormalities. Using myocardial multi-layer transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) analysis, we determine left ventricular (LV) myocardial characteristics in SAD patients, and compared LV ejection fraction (LVEF), estimated pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (ePASP) on TTE and serum brain natriuretic protein (BNP). Methods: Twenty SAD patients (18 female; mean age 49±18 years; systemic lupus erythematosus 35%; vasculitis 20%; scleroderma 5%, rheumatoid arthritis 5%, mixed connective tissue disease 5%) underwent TTE (Vivid E9, GE Healthcare). Apical 2-, 3-, and 4-chamber GLS views and parasternal short axis GCS view at the level of the papillary muscle was acquired. GLS was defined by averaging all 17 LV segments. GCS was defined as averaged LV segments at the level of papillary muscle. Furthermore strain measurements (absolute values) of whole, endocardial, and epicardial layers were performed using Echo PAC version 113 (GE Healthcare). Results: There was no significant correlation between GLS (whole, endocardial, and epicardial layers) and LVEF, ePASP, and BNP, respectively. GCS was significantly negatively correlated with serum BNP (R=-0.606 (whole), -0.452 (endocardial) and -0.447 (epicardial layer)). GCS in whole and epicardial layer was significantly negative correlated with ePASP (-0.528 (whole) and -0.457 (epicardial layer)). Only GCS in endocardial layer was significantly positive correlated with LVEF (R=0.466). Conclusions: In SAD patients, GCS significantly correlated with cardiac function and, especially in the endocardial layer selectively and positively correlated with LVEF. These specific myocardial characteristics in SAD patients may precipitate hemodynamic abnormalities.
Abstract 19107: Ventricular Fibrillation Quantitative Electrocardiogram Measures Associated With Return of Organized Rhythm in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Matthew L Sundermann, David D Salcido, Allison C Koller, Katharyn Flickinger, James J Menegazzi
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Out-of-Hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major cause of mortality, and ventricular fibrillation (VF) is a common electrocardiogram (ECG) presentation of OHCA. Quantitative ECG (QECG...
Abstract 444: Association Between Cannabis Use and Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Samson Alliu, Olaoluwatomi Lamikanra, Adeyinka Adejumo, Oluwole Adegbala, Akintunde Akinjero, Modupeolowa Durojaiye
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Background: Cannabidiol (CBD)-a component of cannabis with no psychoactive or cognitive effect has been proven in animal models to have a vasodilatory, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect on the blood vessels. However, it is unclear if cannabis users - while being exposed to its CBD constituents - benefit from its vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory effect in the prevention of acute myocardial infarction (MI). Objective: To investigate if there is a difference in the odds of MI among cannabis users when compared to nonusers. Methods: We used data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample on patients ages 45 years and older admitted between 2012 - 2014. The main study outcome was clinical diagnosis of MI, and the main exposure variable was cannabis use identified using ICD-9 codes. Cannabis use was categorized into non-use, non-dependent, and dependent use. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of MI and In-hospital mortality in relation to cannabis use adjusting for demographics, comorbidities, and use of other recreational drugs. Results: Of the 7, 995,162 hospitalized patients who were &gt; 45 years, 532,112 (6.7%) had a diagnosis of MI, 56,836 (0.7%) were non-dependent cannabis user and 5,417 (0.1%) were dependent cannabis users. We observed a significant inverse association between cannabis use and MI (non-dependent OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90; dependent OR 0.26, 95% CI: 0.21-0.31). After adjusting for confounding variables, the association was attenuated for non-dependent cannabis users (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.99-1.06]). However, among dependent cannabis users, there was 66% decreased odds of MI when compared to nonusers. Also, cannabis use was associated with 32% decreased odds of in-hospital mortality among patients with MI when compared to nonuse. Conclusions: Using the largest national data, our study showed cannabis use was not a risk factor for MI and alternatively may point to a protective benefit in the diagnosis of MI and in-hospital mortality. Future prospective studies may aid in further exploring this association to maximize the therapeutic advantage of the cannabinoid system in MI prevention.
The effects of soy isoflavone and curcumin on the serum PSA level of the biopsy-negative men
Authors: Yutaka Kamiyama, Hisamitsu Ide, Keisuke Saito, Mitsuko Yasuda, Satoru Muto, Hiroshi Okada, Shigeo Horie
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

1699  Background: Chronic inflammation in the prostate can be a cause of high serum PSA level, which may also contributeto prostate carcinogenesis. Isoflavones have several effects including anti-inflammatory effects and inhibition of tyrosine kinasesand topoisomerases. Several animal studies have suggestedthat isoflavones have the ability to slow the growthof prostate tumors and prevent their occurrence. Curcumin exertedstrong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities by suppressingboth constitutive and inducible nuclear factor- κB andactivator protein-1 activation. Curcumin has been shown to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in cultured prostate cancer cells. We examined the the effects of soy isoflavone and curcumin on the serum PSA level in the biopsy-negative men. Materials and Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study testing the effects of soy isoflavonesand curcumin on serum PSA among men enrolled in an interventiontrial. Under the approval of local IRB, 89 participants were recruited from men who underwent systemic prostate biopsy because of the elevated level of PSA and were not found either cancer or PIN. They daily took either 2 tablets including isoflavones and curcumin or placebo for 6 months. We compared change inPSA concentration, IPSS, and QOL over the intervention between isoflavone+curcumin (I+S)and placebo (P) groups at the time of enrollment and 6-months later. The change of serum PSA value between the baseline and 6-months later (ΔPSA) was compared among groups. Results: Participants were subgrouped by the cut off PSA level of 10 ng/ml. PSA level at 6-months was significantly decreased in the group of I+S, PSA≥10.(P: PSA
Abstract 16524: Inpatient Cardiac Rehabiliation is Not Associated With Improvement in Hospital Outcomes Among Patients With Recent Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Quinn R Pack, Aruna Priya, Tara C Lagu, Penelope S Pekow, Peter K Lindenauer
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Inpatient cardiac rehabilitation (ICR) provides risk factor education, daily ambulation, and facilitation of referral to outpatient cardiac rehabilitation, but little is known about t...