tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Application of Canadian hereditary renal cell carcinoma risk criteria to a population database.
Authors: Igal Kushnir, Leah Kirk, Ranjeeta Mallick, Raymond Kim, Gail E Graham, Rodney H. Breau, Jean-Baptiste Lattouf, Philippe Violette, Stephen E. Pautler, Melanie Care, Anil Kapoor, Michael A.S. Jewett, Lori Wood, Simon Tanguay, Daniel Yick Chin Heng, Naveen S. Basappa, Alan I. So, Frederic Pouliot, M. Neil Reaume
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

621 Background: Canadian criteria for identifying patients (pts) and families at risk for hereditary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were published in 2013. They included characteristics for pts with RCC (age ≤ 45 years, bilateral or multifocal tumours, associated medical conditions and non-clear cell histologies with unusual features) and for any pts who have a family history of specific clinical or genetic diagnoses associated with renal neoplasms. The clinical impact of these criteria on genetic testing had yet to be evaluated. Methods: The Canadian hereditary RCC risk criteria were applied to pts from 16 centres in the Canadian Kidney Cancer Information System prospective database. The primary endpoint was the proportion of pts who met at least one criterion. Secondary endpoints included the number of pts with more than one criterion and the number of pts receiving genetic testing (with or without at risk criteria). Results: From January 2011 to May 2017, 8097 pts were entered in the database. 2827 (35%) met at least one criterion for genetic testing. The majority (83%) met just 1 criterion, while 16% met 2 criteria. The criterion of non-clear cell histology with unusual features contributed the largest proportion of at risk pts (59%), followed by age ≤ 45 years (29%), then first or second degree relative with renal tumour (16%). 69 pts underwent genetic testing, with 59 being classified at risk ( &lt; 3% of at risk). Details about the genetic testing results will be presented. Conclusions: The application of the Canadian hereditary RCC risk criteria to a population database resulted in 35% of pts being identified at risk for hereditary RCC. However, the true incidence of hereditary RCC in this population is unknown as most pts did not undergo genetic testing, and thus the sensitivity or specificity of the criteria cannot be determined. The low proportion of at risk pts that underwent genetic testing was disappointing and highlights that there may be gaps in reporting, knowledge and/or barriers in access to genetic testing. The results have helped determine the proportion of at risk pts in Canada, what criteria are most common, and importantly, have established a foundation and benchmark to improve upon.
Abstract 19385: The Paradoxical Association Between Acculturation and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in African Immigrants in the United States: The Afro-Cardiac Study
Authors: Yvonne Y Commodore-Mensah, Cheryl D Himmelfarb, Carolyn M Reilly, Sandra B Dunbar
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in ethnic minorities in the United States (US) is high. Acculturation is associated with elevation or reduction of CVD risk in Hispanic...
Scientists Call FDA Statement on Bisphenol A Safety Premature
Authors: Jennifer Abbasi
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Efficacy of microwave ablation versus radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver disease: a randomised controlled phase 2 trial
Authors: Naïk Vietti Violi, Rafael Duran, Boris Guiu, Jean-Pierre Cercueil, Christophe Aubé, Antonia Digklia, Isabelle Pache, Pierre Deltenre, Jean-François Knebel, Alban Denys
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2018)
Fluorescent peptide highlights micronodules in murine hepatocellular carcinoma models and humans in vitro
Authors: Renwei Jing, Xiaoli Zhou, Jingwen Zhao, Yushuang Wei, Bingfeng Zuo, Abin You, Quan Rao, Xianjun Gao, Rong Yang, Lu Chen, Zhen Lu, Qibing Zhou, Ning Zhang, HaiFang Yin
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Early detection and clear delineation of microscopic lesions during surgery are critical to the prognosis and survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a devastating malignancy without effective treatments except for resection. Tools to specifically identify and differentiate micronodules from normal tissue in HCC patients can have a positive impact on survival. Here, we discovered a peptide that preferentially binds to HCC cells through phage display. Significant accumulation of the fluorescence‐labeled peptide in tumor from ectopic and orthotopic HCC mice was observed within 2 hours of systemic injection. Contrast between tumor and surrounding liver is up to 6.5‐fold, and useful contrast lasts for 30 hours. Micronodules (0.03 cm in diameter) in liver and lung can clearly be distinguished from normal tissue with this fluorescence‐labeled peptide in orthotopic HCC mice and HCC patients. Compared to indocyanine green, a Food and Drug Administration–approved imaging contrast agent, an up to 8.7‐fold higher differentiation ratio of tumor to fibrosis is achieved with this fluorescence‐labeled peptide. Importantly, this peptide enables up to 10‐fold differentiation between HCC and peritumoral tissue in human tissues and the complete removal of tumor in HCC mice with surgical navigation. No abnormalities in behavior or activity are observed after systemic treatment, indicating the absence of overt toxicity. The peptide is metabolized with a half‐life of approximately 4 hours in serum. Conclusion : Our findings demonstrate that micronodules can be specifically differentiated with high sensitivity from surrounding tissue with this molecule, opening clinical possibilities for early detection and precise surgery of HCC. (H epatology 2018).
A randomized phase II study comparing cabazitaxel/prednisone to cabazitaxel alone for second-line chemotherapy in men with metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): CABACARE.
Authors: Carlo Buonerba, Davide Bosso, Sabino De Placido, Giuseppe di Lorenzo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

TPS387 Background: In the TROPIC trial, cabazitaxel (CAB) plus daily prednisone (PDN) was associated with a significant advantage in OS and PFS in docetaxel (DOC)-pretreated patients. Whether daily prednisone may significantly contribute to cabazitaxel efficacy or improve its safety profile is unknown. In the CHARTEED trial, DOC was administered without daily PDN with no concerns about the lack of efficacy or greater toxicity. Safety data about CAB without PDN are missing. Corticosteroids present multiple biological effects, which may potentially be either positive, such as those mediated by adrenal androgen and cytokine suppression, or detrimental, such as those associated with the activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and of the androgen receptor (AR). Furthermore, PDN is a CYP3A4 inducer and can potentially negatively affect cabazitaxel clearance. Finally, AR-V7 positivity in circulating tumor cells and retinoblastoma (RB) loss/inactivation have been identified as potential mechanisms of resistance to hormonal and chemotherapy treatments in prostate cancer. For this reason, we also aim to evaluate if CAB activity is related to such biomarkers. Methods: CABACARE is a randomized, phase II, open label, multi center study comparing CAB at 25 mg/m2 q21 plus daily PDN (10 mg) vs CAB at 25 mg/m2 q21 alone in mCRPC pts progressed during or after DOC treatment. The study is designed to test non inferiority in terms of PFS, according PCWG-2, of CAB alone vs CAB plus PDN assuming that the two arms are equally effective. Each arm will enroll 110 pts. Main secondary objectives are: safety, QoL, pain assessment, overall response rate (ORR), PSA response, time to PSA progression, Time to radiological progression; OS; time to skeletal related events (SRE). The influence of Arv7 and RB status on CAB activity will also be evaluated. Clinical trial information: 2016-005251-25.
Impact of seven day working on medical education must be assessed, says BMA
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The effects of seven day working on medical education must be assessed, the BMA has said.

Claudia Davies, of the BMA’s Medical Students Committee, proposed a motion at the BMA’s Annual Representative Meeting that called on “the appropriate bodies to assess how seven day services will shape undergraduate and postgraduate education.” She said, “It is essential to assess how seven …
Abstract 14495: HDL Dysfunction in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Previous Ischemic Cerebrovascular Event
Authors: Carlos J Barbosa, Raul C Maranhão, Renata S Barreiros, Andre Franci, Remo H Furtado, Flavia B Arantes, Fátima R Sousa e Freitas, José A Ramires, Roberto Kalil-filho, Jose C Nicolau
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and history of ischemic stroke (IS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA) have a high risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic events. HDL cholesterol is a protective factor for ischemic events, and among its different functions lipids transfer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet and vasodilatory capacities are described. However, HDL function in patients with CAD and previous IS/TIA is poorly understood.   Hypothesis:  A compromised HDL function would occur in pts with history of IS/ TIA which could explain, at least partially, the high risk of ischemic events observed in this population.   Methods:  We included 140 stable CAD pts in a case-control study with (Case Group, n=70) or without (Control Group, n=70) previous IS/TIA, evaluated for transfer capacity of lipids by HDL. In vitro transfer of lipids was determined by 1 h incubation of a donor nanoemulsion containing radioactively labeled non-esterified and esterified cholesterol, phospholipids and triglycerides with whole plasma, followed by chemical precipitation and radioactive counting in the supernatant (HDL).   Results:  The main results are described in the Table. As can be seen, individuals in the Case Group presented a significantly dysfunctional HDL regarding non-esterified cholesterol and triglycerides transfers by both, unadjusted and adjusted models.   Conclusions:  The dysfunctional HDL observed in pts with previous IS/TIA is probably involved in the poor outcome observed in this population.
Neurobiologic Features of Fibromyalgia Are Also Present Among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Neil Basu, Chelsea M. Kaplan, Eric Ichesco, Tony Larkin, Richard E. Harris, Alison Murray, Gordon Waiter, Daniel J. Clauw
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2018)

Objective Many patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) report pain despite excellent control of inflammation with immunotherapies. Variable degrees of coexisting fibromyalgia ( FM ) may explain this disparity. FM has been characterized by aberrant brain functional connectivity, especially between the default mode network ( DMN ) and insula. We undertook this study to test the hypothesis that RA patients with the highest 2011 American College of Rheumatology FM survey criteria scores—a continuous measure of the degree of FM also known as “fibromyalgianess” ( FM ness)—would demonstrate functional connectivity abnormalities similar to those in FM . Methods RA patients underwent an 11‐minute functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) brain scan and a clinical evaluation which included a measure of FM ness. Brain networks were isolated from functional connectivity MRI data. Individual patient network‐to–whole brain connectivity analyses were then conducted, followed by group‐level regression, which correlated the connectivity of each network with FM ness. Results were significant on the cluster level with a family‐wise error ( FWE ) rate P value less than 0.05 derived from an uncorrected voxel‐level P value less than 0.001. Results A total of 54 patients participated (mean age 54.9 years, 75.9% women, mean FM ness score 13.2 [range 1–29]). From the whole brain analyses, a single significant positive correlation between DMN connectivity to the left mid/posterior insula and FM ness (r = 0.58, FWE ‐corrected P = 0.001) was demonstrated. Conclusion RA patients who have increased levels of FM ness appear to share neurobiologic features consistently observed in FM patients. This study is the first to provide neuroimaging evidence that RA is a mixed pain state, with many patients’ symptoms being related to the central nervous system rather than to classic inflammatory mechanisms.
Teach the teacher course
Authors: Dina Mansour
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The teach the teacher skills for doctors course run by apply2medicine is a participative programme approved by the royal colleges for continuing medical education and continuous professional development that is designed to give delegates the practical techniques, knowledge, skills, and confidence needed to allow them to design and deliver one to one and group teaching sessions.

Doctors at all levels who want to have some formal teaching instruction, have their teaching observed and formally assessed, and improve their lecturing style. Participants range from foundation year 1 doctors who want to learn how to teach medical students formally, to experienced consultants who have established roles in teaching junior doctors …
Michael Peters, medical director of the BMA Doctors for Doctors unit
Authors: Lucy Butler
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Doctors for Doctors is a peer support and signposting service for doctors in difficulty. The service complements the support given by the BMA counselling service. We receive calls from doctors with a wide range of difficulties, including those going through a complaint process, those with bullying and harassment issues, or those suffering from health problems—physical or mental—and addictions.

A doctor in difficulty can call the BMA counselling service, which is available 24/7 every day of the year, and will be given the option of either speaking to a professional counsellor over the telephone, or given contact details of a doctor adviser to call. In an emergency the counsellor who takes the call will always deal with the situation immediately according to their protocol rather than give doctor adviser details. I feel this 24/7 access is important as up to one third of calls occur during the night, and these callers may be reluctant to phone again if …
Improving services for victims of sexual assault
Authors: Jan Welch
Journal: BMJ (2005)

EDITOR—Following publication of the letter from George Fernie,1 who felt it unacceptable to publish an article about forensic gynaecology, we re-read our article but found it difficult to understand why he took such grave exception to it. He advocates separate facilities, with doctors with relevant training and expertise who are auditing their workload, and highlights the importance of seamless integration with genitourinary and contraceptive services. These are key elements of a sexual assault referral centre (SARC), of …
OVOL2 links stemness and metastasis via fine-tuning epithelial-mesenchymal transition in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Xue-Kang Qi, Hui-Qiong Han, Hao-Jiong Zhang, Miao Xu, Lili Li, Lin Chen, Tong Xiang, Qi-Sheng Feng, Tiebang Kang, Chao-Nan Qian, Mu-Yan Cai, Qian Tao, Yi-Xin Zeng, Lin Feng
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Rationale: Metastasis is the leading cause of disease-related death among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Mounting evidence suggest that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial for cancer cells to acquire metastatic ability. In this study, we aim to clarify the extent to which EMT is involved in various cancer properties and identify novel markers for predicting the prognosis of NPC patients. Methods: Two cellular models derived from the same NPC cell line with distinct metastasis ability were used for microarray analysis to identify key transcriptional factors that drive metastasis. Cell migration and invasion were analyzed by wound healing and Transwell analysis. Lung metatasis was determined by tail vein injection assay. Cancer stemness was analyzed using colony formation and xenograft assay. The EMT extent was evaluated using immunoblotting, RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence of EMT markers. The value of OVOL2 in prognosis was determined by immunohistochemistry in NPC biopsies. Results: OVOL2 was the most significantly down-regulated EMT transcription factor (EMT-TF) in cellular models of NPC metatasis. Low levels of OVOL2 were associated with poor overall survival of NPC patients and the reduced expression is partly due to promoter methylation and epithelial dedifferentiation. Knockout of OVOL2 in epithelial-like NPC cells partially activates EMT program and significantly promotes cancer stemness and metastatic phenotypes. Conversely, ectopically expression of OVOL2 in mesenchymal-like cells leads to a partial transition to an epithelial phenotype and reduced malignancy. Reversing EMT by depleting ZEB1, a major target of OVOL2, does not eliminate the stemness advantage of OVOL2-deficient cells but does reduce their invasion capacity. A comparison of subpopulations at different stages of EMT revealed that the extent of EMT is positively correlated with metastasis and drug resistance; however, only the intermediate EMT state is associated with cancer stemness. Conclusion: Distinct from other canonical EMT-TFs, OVOL2 only exhibits modest effect on EMT but has a strong impact on both metastasis and tumorigenesis. Therefore, OVOL2 could serve as a prognostic indicator for cancer patients.
Effect of summertime air pollution on acute respiratory symptoms and lung function in mild to severe asthmatics.
Authors: S. van der Stolk, B. Brunekreef, C.R. de Bruijne, P.H. Fischer, C.B. Ameling, P.J. Sterk, P.S. Hiemstra, L. van Bree, T.J.N. Hilterman
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)
I finish my basic surgical training rotation next year and I am interested in going to Australia to do some research. How do I go about arranging research abroad?
Authors: Evelyn Ong
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Have a career or related problem that needs answering? Can9t find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone (www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone) for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site.
BARIATRIC SURGERY IN ADVANCED HEART FAILURE PATIENTS PROVIDES BRIDGE TO DEFINITIVE THERAPY
Authors: Sachin Kumar, Sriram Nathan, Marwan Jumean, Bindu Akkanti, Rahat Hussain, Shinil Shah, Kulvinder Bajwa, Sheilendra Mehta, Mehmat Akay, Manish Patel, Ismael Salas de Armas, Keshava Rajagopal, Indranee Rajapreyer, Rajko Radovancevic, Pranav Loyalka, Biswajit Kar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Accurate HIV Spit Test on the Horizon
Authors: Jennifer Abbasi
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mendelian Randomization Concerns
Authors: Bochao Danae Lin, Yue Li, Jurjen Luykx
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
MORTALITY ASSOCIATED WITH CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS IN HEART FAILURE WITH REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION: REAL WORLD EXPERIENCE
Authors: Lynn Zaremski, Faraj Kargoli, Hanif Waqas, Nurligan Bulcha, Ephraim Leiderman, Dmitriy Nevelev, Jay Chudow, Tina Shah, John D. Fisher, Luigi Di Biase, Andrew Krumerman, Kevin Ferrick
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)