tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P1-11-05: Influence of race and age on mastectomy rates in women with stage I, hormone-sensitive breast cancers: A SEER-based study
Authors: JG Bazan, MA Bittoni, JL Fisher, JR White
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Background: Breast conserving therapy (lumpectomy [L] and breast radiotherapy [RT]) results in equivalent cancer control outcomes in comparison to mastectomy (M) for early stage breast cancer (BC) based on randomized controlled trials (RCT). Since 2004, RCT support that L alone without RT yields equivalent survival and acceptable local regional outcomes in women ≥70 years old with stage I (T1N0) hormone-sensitive (HS) BC on endocrine therapy. Based on this, we hypothesized that M rates should decrease substantially in this low risk elderly population and sought to examine the influence of race on M rates in this group and how these trends compare to younger aged Stage I HS patients. Methods: We used the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry data to conduct this study. We included women with T1N0 HS BC classified as either ER-positive or PR-positive from 2000-2012 divided into 2 age groups [elderly (≥70 years old) and non-elderly (20-69 years old)] and 3 race groups [white, black, and Asian-Pacific-Islander/American Indian/Alaskan Native (API)]. We compared M rates in women diagnosed before 2004 compared to those diagnosed from 2005-2012. Statistical analyses were performed using differences in proportions (p&amp;lt;0.05 considered statistically significant). Results: 261,079 women met the study criteria (N=87,009 elderly; N=174,070 non-elderly). In elderly Stage I HS BC, a 5.2% reduction in the M rate is seen: 32.6% before 2004 to 27.4% after 2004 (p&amp;lt;0.0001). M rates remained higher (with less reduction) in elderly Black (30.8 %) and API (33.6 %) vs. White (26.8%) [p&amp;lt;0.0001 for White vs. Black and for White vs. API]. In non-elderly Stage I HS BC, after 2004 M rates increased from 29.2% to 31.8% (p&amp;lt;0.0001). Non-elderly white women had the largest absolute increase in M rates (31.2% vs. 28.5%, p&amp;lt;0.0001) followed by API women (35.1% vs. 37.1%, p=0.0222). M rates did not change after 2004 in non-elderly black women (31.7% vs. 31.7%, p=0.9953). Conclusions: In patients with favorable stage I HS BC, M rates have decreased only modestly in elderly women since 2004 when L alone w/o RT was established as appropriate treatment. In comparison, M has increased since 2004 in non-elderly women. These trends are driven mostly by white women in both the elderly and non-elderly. Further research is needed to identify why M, which is associated with higher cost and morbidity than L alone, has not changed substantially in elderly very favorable BC, particularly for non-whites. Citation Format: Bazan JG, Bittoni MA, Fisher JL, White JR. Influence of race and age on mastectomy rates in women with stage I, hormone-sensitive breast cancers: A SEER-based study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-11-05.
Trending Cardiovascular Nutrition Controversies
Authors: Andrew M. Freeman, Pamela B. Morris, Neal Barnard, Caldwell B. Esselstyn, Emilio Ros, Arthur Agatston, Stephen Devries, James O’Keefe, Michael Miller, Dean Ornish, Kim Williams, Penny Kris-Etherton
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Identification of a Subset of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified, Characterized By FOXP3-Positive Regulatory T-Cell Phenotype, HTLV-1 Negativity and Poor Outcome
Authors: Martin Bjerregaard Pedersen, Stephen Jacques Hamilton-Dutoit, Knud Bendix, Peter H. Nørgaard, Møller Boe Michael, Mark Raffeld, Stefania Pittaluga, Torben Steiniche, Anke Bergmann, Inga Vater, Reiner Siebert, Wing-Chung Chan, Francesco d'Amore
Journal: Blood (2014)
The importance of recording first passage of meconium in neonates
Authors: Daniel W Scholfield, Ashok Daya Ram
Journal: BMJ (2017)

A 2 day old baby boy born at term was referred to the neonatal surgical unit with progressive abdominal distension and failure to pass meconium within his first 24 hours. On examination the boy weighed 2.9 kg and the anus was placed in the normal position. Cardiovascular, respiratory, and other system examinations, along with a brief developmental assessment, were normal. The abdomen was grossly distended but there were no features of peritonitis. The baby was haemodynamically stable. Blood results, including full blood count, urea and electrolytes, C reactive protein, and clotting were normal.

Radiographs of the abdomen showed equal distribution of grossly dilated bowel loops throughout the abdomen, with no gas in the rectum. A water soluble contrast enema showed contrast passing from distal spastic colon to dilated proximal normal colon in the area of the transitional zone. This was followed by suction rectal biopsy performed on the ward for histopathological evaluation.



### 1. What is the diagnosis and what are the differential diagnoses?

#### Short answer

Hirschsprung's disease (fig 1⇓). Differential diagnoses include: anorectal malformations, meconium plug syndrome, small left colon syndrome, colonic atresia, meconium ileus, and jejunoileal atresia.



Fig 1  Colour enhanced radiograph showing Hirschsprung's …
Oxylipin Profiling In The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Niklas Larsson, Sandra Gouveia-Figueira, Jonas Claesson, Stefan Lehtipalo, Anders Behndig, Jonas Tyden, Joakim Johansson, Rui Pinto, M. L. Nording
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)
Target Marker Gene Expressions and the Possibility of Molecular Therapy for Children’s Brain Tumors.
Authors: Toshihisa Tsuruta, Hitoshi Kanno, Yasuo Aihara, Takako Hamada, Masako Sakauchi, Makiko Osawa, Emiko Wada, Osami Kubo, Tomokatsu Hori, Hisaichi Fujii
Journal: Blood (2006)
Erratum: Melphalan and prednisone versus melphalan, prednisone and thalidomide for elderly and/or transplant-ineligible patients with multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis
Authors: P Kapoor, S V Rajkumar, A Dispenzieri, M A Gertz, M Q Lacy, D Dingli, J R Mikhael, V Roy, R A Kyle, P R Greipp, S Kumar, S J Mandrekar
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
NHS leaders announce fresh measures to tackle high spending on locum doctors
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2017)

NHS leaders plan to step up efforts to curb hospital spending on locum doctors after new figures showed that around 100 are each earning more than £200 000 a year from agency work.

New measures announced this week by the regulator NHS Improvement (NHSI) include blocking NHS trusts from employing agency workers who hold substantive roles at other trusts and clamping down on the use of personal service companies, which can often reduce agency workers’ tax bills.1

The regulator will also push for greater transparency on pay and is considering asking trusts to publish rates paid to high earning locum doctors earning over £150 000.

Outlining the plans in a letter to NHS chief executives on 17 February the NHSI chief executive, Jim Mackey, said that high rates paid for temporary …
Stage-size relationship in long-term repeated CT screening for lung cancer: Anti-Lung Cancer Association project
Authors: N. Seki, K. Eguchi, M. Kaneko, H. Ohmatsu, R. Kakinuma, E. Matsui, M. Kusumoto, T. Tsuchida, H. Nishiyama, N. Moriyama
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

1540 Background: We have investigated the individualized benefit of CT screening as Anti-Lung Cancer Association projects (presented at ASCO 2006–2008). However, there has not been enough information about the relationship of lung cancer stage to tumor size in repeated CT screening. Therefore, we evaluated the stage-size relationship of these asymptomatic lung cancer cases diagnosed by long-term repeated screening with low-dose helical CT. Methods: Among 2,120 participants (mean age 63 years, 87% male, and 83% smoker) at baseline screening, 1,877 underwent semiannually repeated screening from 1993 to 2004. Nineteen (0.90%) prevalence cancers and 57 (0.32%) incidence cancers were detected. Within categories of tumor size, the distribution of pathological stage, histology, lymph node status, and distant metastases was determined. Results: Pathological stage has a strong relationship to tumor size at baseline screening (spearman r = 0.63, p = 0.013) and repeated screening (r = 0.65, p &lt; 0.001). In the analysis of all 76 cases, lymph node status (r = 0.59, p &lt; 0.001) and distant metastases (r = 0.55, p = 0.005) have also a strong relationship to tumor size. The percentages of cases with no metastases (N0M0) were 100% (0/21), 89% (17/19), 62% (8/13), 83% (10/12), 50% (4/8), and 33% (1/3) for the categories 10 mm or less, 11 mm to 15 mm, 16 mm to 20 mm, 21 mm to 30 mm, 31 mm to 40 mm, and 41 mm or greater, respectively. Histology for the categories 15 mm or less was localized bronchioloalveolar carcinoma in 13 cases, adenocarcinoma with mixed subtype in 11 cases, invasive adenocarcinoma in five cases, other non-small cell carcinoma in 10 cases, and small cell carcinoma in one case. Accumulated 10-year hazard ratio of above histology was 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 4.1, and 0.7. In multivariate analyses, pathological stage was related to only tumor size (standardized regression coefficient beta = 0.59, p &lt; 0.001) whereas histology was related to tumor size (beta = 0.43, p &lt; 0.001) and smoking index (beta = 0.28, p = 0.016). Conclusions: These results provide direct evidence of a stage-size relationship in long-term repeated CT screening for lung cancer. Furthermore, early detection of lung cancer of 15 mm or less in diameter leads to the detection of early-stage (N0M0) lung cancer in repeated CT screening. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Co-Inheritance of FV Leiden and High Levels of FIX Results in Novel Models for Thrombophilia and Spontaneous Fetal Loss.
Authors: Christian Furlan Freguia, Joerg Schuettrumpf, Stefano Baila, Jianhua Liu, Ralph Bunte, Rodney M. Camire, Valder R. Arruda
Journal: Blood (2005)
A systematic analysis of high-dose radiation in the treatment of surgically unresectable, locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Madhusmita Behera, Jonathan Jay Beitler, Chandar Bhimani, Kristin Higgins, Zhengjia Chen, Sungjin Kim, Xingming Deng, Walter J. Curran, Fadlo Raja Khuri, Suresh S. Ramalingam, Taofeek Kunle Owonikoko
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

7059 Background: The 5-year survival rate for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is &lt; 25% with concomitant chemoradiotherapy. High-dose radiation appears to confer additional benefit based on surrogate endpoints from relatively small clinical trials. However, survival advantage of higher-dose radiation delivered by conventional fractionation of 1.8-2 Gy is unclear. We conducted a systematic review of pooled outcome data from published results of studies that evaluated the role of high-dose radiation in the management of locally advanced NSCLC. Methods: A detailed search of published clinical trials was conducted using computerized databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library) and meeting proceedings. Single arm studies using high dose (&gt;66Gy) or randomized trials of high versus standard radiation dose (60-63Gy) for locally advanced NSCLC were selected. A systematic analysis of extracted data was performed using Comprehensive Meta Analysis (Version 2.2.048) software under the random effect model. Clinical outcome in patients treated with high versus standard radiation dose was compared using point estimates for weighted values of median overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), and response rate (RR). Treatment-related toxicities data between the two arms was compared using T-test and chi-square test. Results: Analytic data was retrieved from the results of 44 eligible studies reported between 1994 and 2012. The studies enrolled 3699 patients, 62% males, 2095 and 1604 treated with standard and high dose radiation respectively. The weighted median age was 63 and 61 years (p=0.66) for standard and high dose patients respectively. The weighted median OS was 19.1 vs. 16.4 months (p= 0.97); weighted RR of 76% vs. 70% (p=0.79) and survival rates after up to 3 years of follow up of 39% vs. 46% (p=0.45) for standard and high dose arms respectively. There was no significant difference in the rate of grade ≥3 toxicities between the two treatment groups. Conclusions: High-dose radiation therapy does not result in improved survival over standard radiotherapy dose in patients with locally advanced NSCLC.
The Accessory Sacroiliac Joint Diagnosed With Bone SPECT/CT
Authors: Ji-Hun Kang, Min-Woo Kim, Eun Ha Moon, Young Jun Kim, Ki Pi Yu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2017)

The accessory sacroiliac (SI) joint is not rare and can be one of the causes of lower back pain. We present a case of a 35-year-old woman with chronic lower back pain. Conventional radiography was equivocal, and bone scintigraphy showed a focus of mildly increased uptake in left SI joint region. SPECT/CT revealed increased uptakes in the accessory articulations between both sacral alae and iliac bones, and confirmed the diagnosis of accessory SI joint. This case illustrates the SPECT/CT findings of the accessory SI joint.
Sickle Cell Disease — A History of Progress and Peril
Authors: Keith Wailoo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Interview with Dr. Keith Wailoo on the medical and social context that has made progress in treating sickle cell disease slow and arduous. (11:31)Download Given sickle cell disease's prevalence among black Americans, questions of race and stigma have shadowed the history of its medical treatment. Recent developments in treating pain crises and gene therapy are part of a history of slow progress tinged with constant peril.
Association of Depression and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Tomoyuki Kawada
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Prediction of complicated disease course for children newly diagnosed with Crohn's disease: a multicentre inception cohort study
Authors: Subra Kugathasan, Lee A Denson, Thomas D Walters, Mi-Ok Kim, Urko M Marigorta, Melanie Schirmer, Kajari Mondal, Chunyan Liu, Anne Griffiths, Joshua D Noe, Wallace V Crandall, Scott Snapper, Shervin Rabizadeh, Joel R Rosh, Jason M Shapiro, Stephen Guthery, David R Mack, Richard Kellermayer, Michael D Kappelman, Steven Steiner, Dedrick E Moulton, David Keljo, Stanley Cohen, Maria Oliva-Hemker, Melvin B Heyman, Anthony R Otley, Susan S Baker, Jonathan S Evans, Barbara S Kirschner, Ashish S Patel, David Ziring, Bruce C Trapnell, Francisco A Sylvester, Michael C Stephens, Robert N Baldassano, James F Markowitz, Judy Cho, Ramnik J Xavier, Curtis Huttenhower, Bruce J Aronow, Greg Gibson, Jeffrey S Hyams, Marla C Dubinsky
Journal: The Lancet (2017)
Fc-Gamma Receptor IIIa and Interferon-Gamma SNPs Do Not Predict Responsiveness of Follicular Lymphoma to Galiximab (Anti-CD80 Antibody).
Authors: Myron Czuczman, Bryan R. Leigh, Thomas E. Witzig, Julie M. Vose, Anas Younes, Baha Alkuzweny, Anne Larocca, Xianjun Cao, Aron Thall
Journal: Blood (2004)
Comparable Distribution of Minimal Residual Diesease between CD34 Positive Hematopoietic Progenitors, CD34 Negative Cells and Total White Cells in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) in Molecular Response.
Authors: Thoralf Lange, Thomas Thielsen, Sabine Leiblein, Ruediger Alt, Guido Zschau, Ralf Burckhardt, Ines Kovacz, Haifa K. Al-Ali, Christina Franke, Rainer Krahl, Dietger Niederwieser, Michael W. Deininger
Journal: Blood (2005)
Oxidative stress serves as a key checkpoint for IL‐33 release by airway epithelium
Authors: M. Uchida, E. L. Anderson, D. L. Squillace, N. Patil, P. J. Maniak, K. Iijima, H. Kita, S. M. O'Grady
Journal: Allergy (2017)

Abstract Background Interleukin ( IL )‐33 is implicated in the pathophysiology of asthma and allergic diseases. However, our knowledge is limited regarding how IL ‐33 release is controlled. The transcription factor nuclear factor‐erythroid‐2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a key role in antioxidant response regulation. Objective The goal of this project was to investigate the role of cellular oxidative stress in controlling IL ‐33 release in airway epithelium. Methods Complementary approaches were used that included human bronchial epithelial cells and mouse models of airway type‐2 immunity that were exposed to fungus Alternaria extract. The clinically available Nrf2 activator 2‐cyano‐3,12‐dioxooleana‐1,9‐dien‐28‐oic acid methyl ester ( CDDO ‐Me) was used to evaluate the role of Nrf2‐induced antioxidant molecules. Results Human bronchial epithelial cells produced reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) when they were exposed to Alternaria extract. ROS scavengers, such as glutathione ( GSH ) and N‐acetyl cysteine, prevented extracellular secretion of ATP and increases in intracellular calcium concentrations that precede IL ‐33 release. Administration of CDDO ‐Me to mice enhanced expression of a number of antioxidant molecules in the lungs and elevated lung levels of endogenous GSH . Importantly, CDDO ‐Me treatment reduced allergen‐induced ATP secretion and IL ‐33 release by airway epithelial cells in vitro and protected mice from IL ‐33 release and asthma‐like pathological changes in the lungs. Conclusions The balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant responses plays a key role in controlling IL ‐33 release in airway epithelium. The therapeutic potential of Nrf2 activators needs to be considered for asthma and allergic airway diseases.
Reversal of Low Chimerism Following Nonmyeloablative (NM) Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT) Using Pentostatin and Donor Lymphocyte Infusions (DLI).
Authors: Monica Thakar, Barry Storer, Thomas Chauncey, Michael Pulsipher, David Maloney, Rainer Storb, Brenda Sandmaier
Journal: Blood (2007)
Modeling Bone Marrow Failure and MDS in Shwachman Diamond Syndrome Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Melisa Ruiz-Gutierrez, Ozge Vargel Bolukbasi, Linda Vo, Ryohichi Sugimura, Marilyn Sanchez Bonilla, Andriana Kotini, Carl D. Novina, George Q. Daley, Eirini P. Papapetrou, Akiko Shimamura
Journal: Blood (2016)
Relationship and prognosis of hospho-Akt and CD44v6 in breast cancer
Authors: P. Yu, L. Zhou, K. Song, K. Li
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

1126 Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between pAkt and CD44v6 expression of breast cancer after surgery. We also evaluated the expression patterns and predictive value of pAKT and CD44v6 in breast cancer tissues. Methods: Expression of pAkt and CD44v6 protein was detected using immunohistochemistry in 98 patients. The correlation between the expression of pAkt, CD44v6, and other disease-related characteristics with treatment outcome was investigated. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression were used to observe the correlation between variables and the prognostic value. Results: Of all these 98 cases, 37 cases (37.8%) were observed as positive for pAkt expression, and there were 25 cases (51.0%) pAKT positive expression in the lymph node (+) and 15 (30.6%) in lymph node (-) of 49 cases. pAkt expression had no significant difference in node-positive group and node-negative group. We examined the relationship between pAKT and HER2 expression, pAkt expression was positively correlated with HER-2 expression (p = 0.009). A statistically significant difference in positive staining for pAkt was observed between CD44V6-positive and CD44V6-negative tumors (p = 0.016). CD44v6 positive tumors showed a statistically very highly significant association between node-positive and node-negative (p = 0.013). For prognosis value, a week relationship was observed between pAkt and OS, but DFS was inversely associated with pAkt staining intensity (p = 0.061, p = 0.004). There had a statistical correlation between CD44v6 overexpression and OS and DFS (p = 0.026 and 0.006 respectively). Univariate analysis revealed that lymph node status and CD44V6 were significantly associated with decreased OS and DFS, but there had no significant difference between variables and OS and DFS by multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Our data suggested that there had a intensive relationship between pAKT and CD44v6 expression in breast cancer tissues. We demonstrated that both pAkt and CD44v6 were significantly assiociated with a decreased OS and DFS in breast cancer patients. pAKT and CD44v6 overexpressed in cancer cells may be sensitive markers for predicting the treatment outcome in breast cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Much More Than Movie Magic—Dermatologic Applications of Medical Moulage
Authors: Alejandro Rabionet, Nishit Patel
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal