tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric morbidity and suicidal behaviour in psoriasis: a primary care cohort study
Authors: R. Parisi, R.T. Webb, C.E. Kleyn, M.J. Carr, N. Kapur, C.E.M. Griffiths, D.M. Ashcroft
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Psychological distress among people with psoriasis may lead to elevated risks of suicide and nonfatal self‐harm. To investigate psychiatric comorbidity, psychotropic medication prescribing and risk of suicidality in people with psoriasis. A cohort of patients with psoriasis (1998–2014) was delineated using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, with linkage to Hospital Episode Statistics and Office for National Statistics mortality records. Each patient with psoriasis was matched with up to 20 patients without psoriasis on age, sex and general practice. A stratified Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for suicide or nonfatal self‐harm risks adjusted for socioeconomic status. At baseline, among 56 961 and 876 919 patients with and without psoriasis, higher prevalence for histories of alcohol misuse, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety disorders, self‐harm and psychotropic drug prescription were observed. The deprivation‐adjusted HR indicated lower suicide risk in people with psoriasis [HR 0·59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·41–0·85]. The risk of suicide varied according to age: it was lower in people with psoriasis diagnosed at ≥ 40 years (HR 0·38, 95% CI 0·21–0·66), whereas there was no difference in risk of suicide in people with psoriasis diagnosed before age 40 years (HR 0·92, 95% CI 0·58–1·46). Conversely, there was a small increased risk for self‐harm (HR 1·15, 95% CI 1·04–1·27) associated with psoriasis. The prevalence of mental illness was raised in people with psoriasis, and this may lead to a greater risk of self‐harm. Nevertheless, having psoriasis does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of suicide. Healthcare professionals caring for patients with psoriasis should continue to monitor and tackle effectively the psychological needs of these individuals.
Outcomes for elderly breast cancer patients in Louisiana.
Authors: Marco A Ruiz, Tom Reske
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e11030 Background: Elderly breast cancer patients, compared to younger breast cancer patients, are diagnosed with a higher stage of disease. They are also found to undergo less surgery, receive more frequently hormonal treatment and have decreased relative survival. The interest of this study was to examine if differences in treatment and survival between &gt;65 year old and &lt;65 year old patients in Louisiana. Methods: The SEER database was searched and all cases of female breast cancer in the state of Louisiana between 2000 and 2008 were analyzed. Data was stratified by age group and year of occurrence. SEER definitions for breast cancer, surgery, chemotherapy, elderly, young populations, radiation therapy, breast conservative surgery were applied. Results: The state prevalence of localized breast cancer is lower compared to the national rate (128.5 vs. 144 p &lt;0.001). The rate of regional breast disease is much higher in Louisiana patients than national average rate (69.7 vs. 57.9 p &lt;0.001). There is no difference in disseminated disease. When the elderly group is compared to non-elderly group there was a difference in localized disease (non-elderly 59.9% vs. elderly 64.98 P&lt;0.001). There was a difference also in regional disease (non-elderly 33.75% vs. elderly 25.02%). No difference was noted in rates of disseminated disease (non-elderly 5.03% vs. elderly 5.77%). The elderly group was offered less surgery compared to the young group (11.39% vs. 6.68% in the young group, p&lt;0.005). In terms of radiation therapy the elderly group receive more general radiation interventions than the young group (65.97% vs. 53.86 p &lt;0.005). In relation to type of radiotherapy (beam radiation and radioactive implants) there were no differences between the two groups. Mortality rates for the elderly group was higher in Louisiana compared to the national average. This difference was more remarkable in the &gt;85 age group (127.8 vs. 118.5, p&lt;0.001) Conclusions: Differences in treatment modalities and management interventions between young and elderly breast cancer in Louisiana patients were observed. Mortality is higher among elderly breast cancer patients in Louisiana compared to national average. Further studies are needed to review the these regional differences.
Annals Story Slam - But You Used to Be a Man
Authors: Christine Todd
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Web Exclusives17 July 2018Annals Story Slam - But You Used to Be a ManFREEChristine Todd, MDChristine Todd, MDSouthern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois (C.T.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/W18-0023 SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Video. Annals Story Slam - But You Used to Be a Man "But You Used to Be a Man," by Christine Todd (Duration 5:36)Building on the popular Annals feature “On Being a Doctor,” storytellers share stories about the experience of doctoring on video.For more videos from and information on Annals Story Slam, visit go.annals.org/StorySlam. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois (C.T.)Corresponding Author: Christine Todd, MD; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 July 2018Volume 169, Issue 2Page: SS1 ePublished: 17 July 2018 Issue Published: 17 July 2018 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2018 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Correction: SHP-1 regulates hematopoietic stem cell quiescence by coordinating TGF-β signaling
Authors: Linjia Jiang, Xue Han, Jin Wang, Chen Wang, Xiaoqiang Sun, Jiayi Xie, Guojin Wu, Hiep Phan, Zhenguo Liu, Edward T.H. Yeh, ChengCheng Zhang, Meng Zhao, Xunlei Kang
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2018)
First‐generation <i>EGFR</i> tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in 106 patients with compound <i>EGFR</i>‐mutated lung cancer: a single institution's clinical practice experience
Authors: Xiangyang Yu, Xuewen Zhang, Zichen Zhang, Yongbin Lin, Yingsheng Wen, Yongqiang Chen, Weidong Wang, Lanjun Zhang
Journal: Cancer Communications (2018)

Abstract Background The antitumour efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in lung cancer patients with compound epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) mutations has not been resolved. Our study summarizes a single institutional experience of first‐generation TKI therapy for lung cancers with compound EGFR mutations. Methods A total of 106 consecutive patients with tumours bearing compound EGFR mutations were identified between January 2012 and May 2016; all patients received first‐generation TKI therapy. Deletions in exon 19 and the L858R point mutation in exon 21 were considered common mutations; T790M was considered separately because of its association with TKIs resistances. Any other mutation was defined as a rare mutation. Patients were divided as follows: double common mutations (group A); common plus T790M mutations (group B); common plus rare mutations (group C); double rare mutations (group D); and rare plus T790M mutations (group E). A separate group of 115 consecutive patients with a single common mutation was created for comparative analysis (group F). Results The frequency of patients with compound EGFR was 2.9% (114/3925) and their response rate to first‐generation TKIs was 50.9%, which was not significantly different from group F (67.0%, P = 0.088). The progression‐free survival (PFS) of the 106 patients receiving TKI therapy was worse than that of group F (median, 9.1 vs. 13.0 months, respectively; P &lt; 0.001). The PFS of the compound mutation group was shorter than that of the single common mutation group (median, 10.1 months in group A, P = 0.240; 9.1 months in group B, P &lt; 0.001; 9.6 months in group C, P = 0.010; 6.5 months in group D, P = 0.048; 5.4 months in group E, P = 0.017). Patients with a co‐occurring mutation in exon 20 (excluding T790M) exhibited significantly worse PFS than the patients with other compound mutations or with a single common mutation (median, 6.5 vs. 9.1 vs. 13.0 months, respectively, P = 0.002). Conclusions There was significant heterogeneity among the compound EGFR mutations and their response to first‐generation TKIs. Individualized treatment in clinical practice should be considered for each case.
Mental health disorders, social stressors, and health-related quality of life in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kefyalew Addis Alene, Archie C A Clements, Emma S McBryde, Ernesto Jaramillo, Knut Lönnroth, Debebe Shaweno, Amelia Gulliver, Kerri Viney
Journal: Journal of Infection (2018)
From squiggle to basepair: computational approaches for improving nanopore sequencing read accuracy
Authors: Franka J. Rang, Wigard P. Kloosterman, Jeroen de Ridder
Journal: Genome biology (2018)

Nanopore sequencing is a rapidly maturing technology delivering long reads in real time on a portable instrument at low cost. Not surprisingly, the community has rapidly taken up this new way of sequencing and has used it successfully for a variety of research applications. A major limitation of nanopore sequencing is its high error rate, which despite recent improvements to the nanopore chemistry and computational tools still ranges between 5% and 15%. Here, we review computational approaches determining the nanopore sequencing error rate. Furthermore, we outline strategies for translation of raw sequencing data into base calls for detection of base modifications and for obtaining consensus sequences.
SPIO-enhanced MR imaging for axillary staging to avoid sentinel node biopsy in patients with breast cancer.
Authors: Kazuyoshi Motomura, Tetsuta Izumi, Souichirou Tateishi, Atsushi Noguchi, Hiroshi Sumino, Youji Kumatani, Makoto Ishitobi, Hiroki Koyama, Takashi Horinouchi, Katsuyuki Nakanishi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

1103 Background: We previously demonstrated the usefulness of SPIO-enhanced MR imaging for the detection of metastases in sentinel nodes localized by computed tomography (CT) lymphography (CT-LG) in patients with breast cancer (Ann Surg Oncol, 2011). These techniques have evolved and we report our most recent results of axillary staging using them. Methods: Previously unreported 87 consecutive patients with breast cancer and clinically negative nodes were enrolled in this study. Sentinel nodes identified by CT-LG were evaluated prospectively using SPIO-enhanced MR imaging. A node was considered non-metastatic if it showed a homogenous low signal intensity and metastatic if the entire node or a focal area did not show a low signal intensity on MR imaging. Sentinel nodes located by CT-LG were removed, and imaging results and histopathological findings were compared. Results: The mean patient age was 54.9 years (range, 34-77). Sentinel nodes were identified by CT-LG and removed successfully in all patients. The mean number of sentinel nodes identified by CT-LG was 1.16 (range, 1-2). Twenty of 22 patients with positive sentinel nodes definitively diagnosed by pathology demonstrated metastases on SPIO-enhanced MR imaging. Fifty-eight of 65 patients with negative sentinel nodes definitively diagnosed by pathology were non-metastatic on imaging studies. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MR imaging for the diagnosis of sentinel node metastases were 91%, 89%, and 90%, respectively. Two patients whose metastases were not detected had micrometastases. No adverse events were associated with either CT or MR imaging. Conclusions: SPIO-enhanced MR imaging provided accurate axillary staging, and therefore sentinel node biopsy may not be necessary for most patients with breast cancer.
Comparative Evaluation of FGF-2–, VEGF-A–, and VEGF-C–Induced Angiogenesis, Lymphangiogenesis, Vascular Fenestrations, and Permeability
Authors: RenhaiCao, AnnaEriksson, HajimeKubo, KariAlitalo, YihaiCao, JohanThyberg
Journal: Circulation Research (2004)

Several endothelial growth factors induce both blood and lymphatic angiogenesis. However, a systematic comparative study of the impact of these factors on vascular morphology and function has been lacking. In this study, we report a quantitative analysis of the structure and macromolecular permeability of FGF-2–, VEGF-A–, and VEGF-C–induced blood and lymphatic vessels. Our results show that VEGF-A stimulated formation of disorganized, nascent vasculatures as a result of fusion of blood capillaries into premature plexuses with only a few lymphatic vessels. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that VEGF-A–induced blood vessels contained high numbers of endothelial fenestrations that mediated high permeability to ferritin, whereas the FGF-2–induced blood vessels lacked vascular fenestrations and showed only little leakage of ferritin. VEGF-C induced approximately equal amounts of blood and lymphatic capillaries with endothelial fenestrations present only on blood capillaries, mediating a medium level of ferriti...
Density and distribution of acral melanocytic nevi and acral melanomas on the plantar surface of the foot
Authors: Shirin Ghanavatian, Collin M. Costello, Matthew R. Buras, Helen J.L. Cumsky, Mark R. Pittelkow, David L. Swanson, Aaron R. Mangold
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2018)
Detection of MYD88 and CXCR4 mutations in cell-free DNA of patients with IgM monoclonal gammopathies
Authors: Tina Bagratuni, Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Maria Gavriatopoulou, Nefeli Mavrianou-Koutsoukou, Christine Liacos, Dimitrios Patseas, Nikolaos Kanellias, Magdalini Migkou, Dimitrios C. Ziogas, Evangelos Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou, Maria Roussou, Despina Fotiou, Evangelos Terpos, Efstathios Kastritis, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Journal: Leukemia (2018)

Liquid biopsyis being integrated into cancer diagnostics with profound therapeutic implications. However, its role in Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia (WM) and IgM monoclonal gammopathies is still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the role of peripheral blood (PB) cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in characterizing the mutational status of MYD88 and CXCR4 of patients with IgM monoclonal gammopathies. Paired bone marrow (BM) tumor DNA (tDNA) and PB cfDNA samples from 98 patients (9 MGUS, 45 with WM in remission, 44 with smoldering WM, newly diagnosed or relapsed WM) and 10 controls with non-IgM monoclonal gammopathies were analyzed. Regarding MYD88L265P mutation, 76 patients had paired tDNA and cfDNA informative samples. Among patients with WM in remission, 65% harbored the MYD88L265P mutation, whereas the corresponding percentage among smoldering/newly diagnosed or relapsed WM was 92%. The overall concordance rate was 94% (72/76). For CXCR4 mutations, 65 patients had paired informative tDNA and cfDNA samples. The overall concordance rate was 90% (59/65). All controls had wild-type MYD88 and CXCR4. In conclusion, PB cfDNA is a useful, minimally invasive, cost-effective, and time-effective tool for the identification of the presence of MYD88 and CXCR4 mutations in patients with IgM monoclonal gammopathies avoiding unnecessary BM assessment.
Illness intrusiveness and subjective well-being in patients with glioblastoma multiforme.
Authors: Linda E. Coate, Kim Edelstein, Christine Massey, Natalie C. Jewitt, Warren P. Mason, Gerald M. Devins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

2063 Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common adult CNS malignancy. The quality-of-life (QOL) impact of its neurological sequelae and poor prognosis is poorly understood. In this study we examined relations between disease severity and mood in GBM patients. Methods: GBM patients (n=73) completed validated questionnaires examining depression (CESD), positive affect (ABS), illness intrusiveness (II), and health-related QOL (EORTC-QLQ30, BN-20). Median age was 53 years (range 26-75), median time since diagnosis was 1.1 years (range 0.1-12.4). 88% were on temozolomide. Questionnaire scores were compared to normative data from GI, GU, Breast, Head and Neck, Lymphoma, and Lung cancer groups using t-tests. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses tested the impact of disease severity indicators (ECOG; Symptoms, derived from QLQ30, BN20) and potential moderators on mood and whether II mediates those effects. Results: GBM patients reported less positive affect, more depression and greater II than other cancer patients (p&lt;.05). Increase in symptoms correlated with greater II (β=.59; 95% CI [.31, .87], p&lt;.0001) and depression (β=.37; 95% CI [.20, .55], p&lt;.0001) and less positive affect (β=-.04; 95% CI [-.08, -.01], p=.02). Surprisingly, higher ECOG (i.e., poorer performance status) was associated with less II (β=-3.58; 95%CI [-7.06, -.10], p=.04) and depression (β=-2.20; 95%CI [-4.21, -.19], p=.03). II partially mediated the relations between disease severity and mood, evidenced by the change in the disease severity coefficient when II was added to the models (mean change measured by bootstrap sampling: CESD=.23, 95% CI [.06, .43]; ABS=.21, 95%CI [.02, .44]). The occurrence of other stressful life events was associated with II (β=2.73; 95% CI [.43, 5.02], p=.02), but there was no evidence of a moderating effect on this or any other relationship (p&gt;.05). Conclusions: GBM patients are more distressed than other cancer patients. GBM-induced lifestyle disruptions partially mediate the association between disease severity and subjective well-being. Efforts to engage patients in valued activities and interests, despite the constraints, can help to preserve QOL.
Abstract P167: Insulin Resistance and Cognitive Status Among Adults 50 Years and Older: Data From National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
Authors: Ayesha Sherzai, Jeff Yu, Konrad Talbot, Magda Shaheen, Dean Sherzai
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that results in cognitive impairment. As there are no treatments available so far, identification of risk factors are crucial. A link has been proposed between defective insulin signaling in the brain and the cognitive decline observed in AD. Our purpose is to determine the relationship between homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and cognitive status among population ≥50 years. Hypothesis: Increase in insulin resistance is associated with lower cognitive status in the population ≥50 years. Methods: We analyzed data from the NHANES 1999-2002 population ≥50 years. Cognitive status was measured by the digit symbol substitution exercise score. The main independent variable was HOMA-IR. We used bivariate analysis and multiple linear regression adjusting for age, gender, race, triglyceride levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL levels, and diabetes. SAS V9.3 was used to analyze the data taking into consideration the design, strata and weight. Results: Of the 2,975 participants ≥50 years old, 45% were male and 80% were white. The mean age was 70.5+/- 0.30 years. Their average HOMA-IR was 5.0+/- 0.54 and they had a mean of 48+/-0.99 correct score in the cognitive test. Adjusting for the confounding variables, HOMA-IR was associated with decline in cognitive status (adjusted B=-0.34, 95% confidence interval=-0.58 to - 0.09, p=0.01). Significant predictors of decline in cognitive status among population ≥50 years were older age, male gender, high systolic and low diastolic blood pressure, non-white race (p=0.01). The association between HOMA-IR and decline in cognitive status was also found among non-diabetic population ≥50 years old (adjusted B=-0.54, 95% confidence interval=-1.1 to - 0.02, p=0.04). Conclusions: In the national representative sample, Insulin resistance as measured by HOMA-IR was independently associated with lower cognitive status score among participants ≥50 years and also found among non-diabetic population. Prospective studies are needed to determine the causal relationship.
The Prognostic Value of Diastolic and Systolic Mechanical Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony Among Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Marat Fudim, Mouhammad Fathallah, Linda K. Shaw, Peter R. Liu, Olga James, Zainab Samad, Jonathan P. Piccini, Paul L. Hess, Salvador Borges-Neto
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2018)
Hand eczema phototherapy pilot trial
Authors: D. Brass, T. Fouweather, D.D. Stocken, C. Macdonald, J. Wilkinson, J. Lloyd, P.M. Farr, N.J. Reynolds, P.J. Hampton
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Hand eczema is one of the most common skin diseases with some studies estimating that up to 10% of the European population has some degree of hand eczema at any one time. There are various causes with some people having a genetic tendency and others developing hand eczema due to their jobs, often a result of hand washing in healthcare or hospitality sectors. The initial treatment of hand eczema is to avoid obvious triggers and use plenty of moisturising creams. If problems continue steroid creams are prescribed. These measures are often enough but if the eczema continues patients are then offered either ultraviolet (UV) light based treatments or tablets. This research study investigated two different forms of UV light treatment which are used to treat eczema. PUVA involves soaking the hands in a water‐based solution of a photosensitising drug before receiving UVA light for 5‐15 minutes whereas NBUVB involves a 1‐2 minute exposure to UVB light. PUVA is the traditional treatment and has been used for 30 years. It is time consuming. There are some concerns that excessive PUVA use could increase the risk of skin cancers and indefinite repeated treatment is not used. The research study invited patients with hand eczema not improving with steroid creams to receive either PUVA or UVB treatment. The severity of their eczema was scored before, during and after treatment. Due to difficulties in recruiting enough patients it was not possible to say which treatment was better. However, the study did show that both treatments improved the eczema severity. There were more side effects with the NBUVB treatment mainly due to mild episodes of skin redness. This research has provided new information. We now know that NBUVB is a safe and acceptable treatment for hand eczema. It does lead to improvement in hand eczema severity. It takes less time but does produce more side effects than PUVA. We have measured the improvement in patients’ eczema with both treatments using official scoring systems which means we are now in a position to design a larger clinical trial to determine which treatment is more effective.