tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Systems Research in Psychiatric Neuroscience
Authors: Dost Öngür
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Medical Marijuana Laws and Cannabis Use
Authors: Wilson M. Compton, Nora D. Volkow, Marsha F. Lopez
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
OS03.2 CSF metabolomic profiles can discriminate patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis from patients having high risk for leptomeningeal metastasis from brain metastasis or brain tumors
Authors: H. Gwak, H. Park, W. Lin, S. Shin, H. Yoo, J. Kwon, J. Lee, K. Kim, B. Yoo
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Introduction: Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC) is terminal stage cancer disease that resist to conventional chemo-/radiation therapy and quickly devastating patient’s performance. Early diagnosis is necessary for challenging this formidable disease. However, cerebrospinal (CSF) cytology frequently results in false negative. Metabolic profile reveals tumor environment and has been tried to diagnose cancers at early stage. Here, we analyzed the CSF metabolome profiles and evaluate if they can be used differentiate patient with LMC from patients without LMC but having a risk factor for developing LMC. Materials and Methods: We prospectively collected CSF from patients at time of spinal anesthesia, craniotomy, and CSF drainage after permission from both patient and institutional review board. CSF archive was consisted of 6 different groups; 1) group 1a; CNS tumor free with systemic cancer, 2) group 1b; no tumor, 3) group 2; LMC, 3) group 3; brain metastasis, 4) group 4; brain tumor other than brain metastasis, 5) group 5; CNS inflammatory disease without cancer. From the CSF archive, 199 samples were selected by following criteria; 1) in LMC group, CSF cytology proven at the time of sampling, 2) in the high risk group of brain metastasis and brain tumor, CSF cytology was proven to be negative and followed up at least 6 months. All metabolites in CSF samples collected from 6 different groups were detected as low-mass ions (LMIs) using triple-TOF mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis-based discriminant analysis (PCA-DA) and two search algorithms were used to select LMIs for differentiating healthy controls from patient group or for separating patients with LMC from other patient groups. Results: A total of 10,905 low mass ion was evaluated thorough PCA-DA and can define group 2 of LMC at a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 91%. Group 1b of no tumor can be differentiated with other groups at sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 84%. After selecting 33 low mass ion including indoleacrylic acid through algorithm 2, CSF metabolomics profile showed sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 92% for discriminating group 1b from others. After selecting 21 low mass ion including diacetyl spermine, CSF metabolomics profile can differentiate LMC patients from the high risk group of brain metastases and brain tumors at both sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Conclusion: CSF metabolite profiles can differentiate these 6 groups of different cancer status. We evaluate these metabolic analysis can diagnose LMC and exclude the high risk group at an accuracy of 100%. We expect CSF metabolic profiles can replace CSF cytology for the diagnosis of LMC and in the future trial, can be used to differentiate false positive such as postoperative CSF cytology from truly proliferating LMC.
Women having surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm are nearly twice as likely to die as men
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Women undergoing surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm have nearly twice the 30 day mortality of men, a systematic review has found.1

Results also showed that fewer women were considered for endovascular repair, and the authors said that the review highlighted the need to improve management of abdominal aortic aneurysm in women.

Current guidelines recommend that elective repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm in men should be considered once an aneurysm has reached a diameter of …
Proximal methylation features associated with nonrandom changes in gene body methylation
Authors: Colette L. Picard, Mary Gehring
Journal: Genome biology (2017)

Gene body methylation at CG dinucleotides is a widely conserved feature of methylated genomes but remains poorly understood. The Arabidopsis thaliana strain Cvi has depleted gene body methylation relative to the reference strain Col. Here, we leverage this natural epigenetic difference to investigate gene body methylation stability. Recombinant inbred lines derived from Col and Cvi were used to examine the transmission of distinct gene body methylation states. The vast majority of genic CG methylation patterns are faithfully transmitted over nine generations according to parental genotype, with only 1–4% of CGs either losing or gaining methylation relative to the parent. Genic CGs that fail to maintain the parental methylation state are shared among independent lines, suggesting that these are not random occurrences. We use a logistic regression framework to identify features that best predict sites that fail to maintain parental methylation state. Intermediate levels of CG methylation around a dynamic CG site and high methylation variability across many A. thaliana strains at that site are the strongest predictors. These data suggest that the dynamic CGs we identify are not specific to the Col–Cvi recombinant inbred lines but have an epigenetic state that is inherently less stable within the A. thaliana species. Extending this, variably methylated genic CGs in maize and Brachypodium distachyon are also associated with intermediate local CG methylation. These results provide new insights into the features determining the inheritance of gene body methylation and demonstrate that two different methylation equilibria can be maintained within single individuals.
P08.15 New synthetic peptides derived from honey in glioma control (preclinical study).
Authors: K. Elawdan, Y. K. Elawdan
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

In spite of advancements in all types of malignancy control like surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy as well as presence of many peptides in the market for cancer control, prognosis in many types of cancer still very poor. It is enough for anybody to have a look at the main causes of death at any country to know that cancer is one of them and to discover how the challenge and defect in its treatment. Many researches aim was just the improvement of the already present methods. Here we introduce something new in the form of synthetic peptides derived from honey proteins that may overcome this challenge through direct apoptotic action on its own and not only limited to certain tumor cell line.Patent: WO/2014/040605. METHODS: to avoid any bias as being the owner of the patent, we preferred to do our experiments outside.So,the following experiments were done by Genscript company.Growth inhibitory assay was performed with 10ug, 25ug, 50ug, 75ug and 100ug of each peptide. (A+F) per well. Peptide A and peptide F were stored at -20℃. 5mg samples of peptide A and peptide F were dissolved in 500ul DPBS to make the stock solution which will be added into the wells directly. 1% TFA solution was applied as the control. a) Plate the cells into the 96 well assay plate in a density of 5000 and 10000 cells/well for adherent and suspension cell lines respectively with 50 μL complete cell culture medium. b) Add 10 μL stock solutions of the compounds into the wells. c) 10 μL 1% TFA solution was used as the control for data analyzing. d) Add 40 μL of complete medium into the wells to reach a total volume of 100μL. e) Incubate the plate at 37℃ for 72 hours. f) Add 50 μL Celltiter Glo assay mix solution to each well and mix gently at room temperature for 10 minutes, then read the luminescence with PherastarPlus (Molecular Devices). Results: In vitro studies showed inhibitory effects for those peptides by themselves upon about 17 tumor cell lines out of 18 cell lines; U87MG, MDA-MB-468, K562,A375, MG63, SH-4, RD, KP1, 5637, 2774, ML-1, Cal-27, Colo-205, 769P, EOL-1, HLE, MDA-MB-436 and Calu-3 as well as the case with in vivo study in U87MG tumor mouse model.Pharmacokinetic of peptide F was also studied using 3 rats that showed very shot half life. At the moment, we try to modify and improve peptide F and other peptides to get more potent effects plus safety. who knows, we may do it.So, it is clear how those results could move the field of malignancy in general and especially gliomas management forward.
The influence of socioeconomic status and ethnicity on adjuvant systemic treatment guideline adherence for early-stage breast cancer in the Netherlands
Authors: A. Kuijer, J. Verloop, O. Visser, G. Sonke, A. Jager, C.H. van Gils, T. van Dalen, S.G. Elias
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
NHS managers should face the same regulation as doctors, says Francis
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

NHS managers should be subject to professional regulation in the same way that doctors are, according to Robert Francis, who led the public inquiry into failings at Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust.

Speaking at a conference on litigation against doctors at the Royal Society of Medicine last week, Francis said that he thought doctors and managers should be on a “level playing field” in terms of regulation.

Francis’s 2013 report on the Mid Staffordshire NHS …
Small-Bowel Obstruction in a 45-Year-Old Woman
Authors: Stephanie A. Goddard, Peter W. Lundberg, Steven D. Jones
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

A 45-year-old woman presented to the emergency department on the morning after Thanksgiving with sudden, severe, constant epigastric pain that migrated to the right upper quadrant as well as subjective fever and emesis since the previous evening. What is your diagnosis?
Cerebrospinal fluid circulating tumor cells: a novel tool to diagnose leptomeningeal metastases from epithelial tumors
Authors: Xuling Lin, Martin Fleisher, Marc Rosenblum, Oscar Lin, Adrienne Boire, Samuel Briggs, Yevgeniya Bensman, Brenda Hurtado, Larisa Shagabayeva, Lisa M DeAngelis, Katherine S Panageas, Antonio Omuro, Elena I Pentsova
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Diagnosis of leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) remains challenging due to low sensitivity of CSF cytology and infrequent unequivocal MRI findings. In a previous pilot study, we showed that rare cell capture technology (RCCT) could be used to detect circulating tumor cells (CTC) in the CSF of patients with LM from epithelial tumors. To establish the diagnostic accuracy of CSF-CTC in the diagnosis of LM, we applied this technique in a distinct, larger cohort of patients.In this institutional review board-approved prospective study, patients with epithelial tumors and clinical suspicion of LM underwent CSF-CTC evaluation and standard MRI and CSF cytology examination. CSF-CTC enumeration was performed through an FDA-approved epithelial cell adhesion molecule-based RCCT immunomagnetic platform. LM was defined by either positive CSF cytology or imaging positive for LM. ROC analysis was utilized to define an optimal cutoff for CSF-CTC enumeration.Ninety-five patients were enrolled (36 breast, 31 lung, 28 others). LM was diagnosed in 30 patients (32%) based on CSF cytology (n = 12), MRI findings (n = 2), or both (n = 16). CSF-CTC were detected in 43/95 samples (median 19.3 CSF-CTC/mL, range 0.3 to 66.7). Based on ROC analysis, 1 CSF-CTC/mL provided the best threshold to diagnose LM, achieving a sensitivity of 93%, specificity of 95%, positive predictive value 90%, and negative predictive value 97%.We defined ≥1 CSF-CTC/mL as the optimal cutoff for diagnosis of LM. CSF-CTC enumeration through RCCT is a robust tool to diagnose LM and should be considered in the routine LM workup in solid tumor patients.
Screening for Preeclampsia and the USPSTF Recommendations
Authors: Jeffrey D. Sperling, Dana R. Gossett
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pharmacokinetics and safety of BCD-021, bevacizumab biosimilar candidate, compared to Avastin in patients.
Authors: Sergey V. Orlov, Olga N. Burdaeva, Marina P. Nechaeva, Mikhail V. Kopp, Bogdan N. Kotiv, Ludmila P. Sheveleva, Oleg A. Gladkov, Andrey V. Khorinko, Tatiana I. Prokopenko, Julia S. Shapovalova, Irina A. Jelvakova, Nadezhda V. Kovalenko, Daniil L. Stroyakovsky, Aleksandr P. Pecheniy, R. Ivanov, Olga V. Filon, Sergei Tjulandin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e13500 Background: BCD-021 is a bevacizumab biosimilar candidate manufactured by CJSC BIOCAD, Russia. Full spectrum of physicochemical and preclinical studies showed equivalence of BCD-021 to innovator drug Avastin. Methods: 28 patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC (stage IIIb/IV) were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly assigned into 2 groups at a ratio of 1:1 to receive BCD-021 or Avastin at a dose of 15 mg/kg in combination with paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) and carboplatin (AUC 6 mg/ml×min) every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was AUC(0-504), the secondary endpoints included Cmax, T1/2 è Tmax. Bevacizumab serum concentrations were evaluated immediately before the first infusion and after 1.5 h, 3 h, 4.5 h, 6 h, 24 h, 96 h, 168 h, 336 h and 504 h. Results: Pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis demonstrated that 90% CI for ratio of geometric means of AUC(0-504) of bevacizumab after single BCD-021 and Avastin administration was 80.01–118.28%. This range was within pre-specified PK equivalence criteria of 80–125 % according to EMA recommendations (EMA/CHMP/BMWP/403543/2010). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups for all other secondary PK parameters. BCD-021 and Avastin were well tolerated without any significant differences in AEs frequency between the groups. The most common AEs included leukopenia and neutropenia. All other AEs (hyperglycemia, AST, ALT, ALP and LDH increase, arterial hypertension, alopecia, arthralgia, peripheral neuropathy, weakness etc.) were less frequent. The majority of AEs were of Grade 1-2 (CTCAE 4.03) and were associated with myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Conclusions: PK and safety characteristics of BCD-021 and Avastin after a single i.v. administration in patients with NSCLC are considered to be equivalent. These data allow continue BCD-022 study aimed to assess efficacy and safety in the same population. Clinical trial information: NCT01763645.
OS11.1 Temozolomide (TMZ) 1 week on/1 week off as initial treatment for high risk low grade oligodendroglial tumors: a phase II AINO (Italian Association for Neuro-Oncology) study
Authors: A. Pellerino, F. Franchino
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Introduction: The efficacy of dose-dense temozolomide (TMZ, 1 week on/1 week off) in grade II gliomas is not well known, and the impact could depend on the molecular subtype. In this regard prospective data are still missing. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 2006 and 2010 a single arm phase II study on 60 evaluable patients with grade II oligodendroglial tumors (WHO 2007) was performed. Inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) age ≥ 18 years; 2) KPS ≥ 70; 3) biopsy-proven grade II oligodendroglioma or oligoastrocytoma according to WHO 2007; 4) presence of a measurable residual tumor after surgery. The primary endpoint of the study was tumor response on MRI according to RANO criteria, while the secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and seizure control according to Engel classification. Most patients (65%) had an active epilepsy at the time of start of chemotherapy. Molecular factors were available in 49/60 patients (81.7%): 21/60 (35%) patients were IDH1-2 mutated/1p19q codeleted, 4/60 (6.7%) were IDH1-2 mutated/1p19q non-codeleted and 24/60 (40%) were IDH1-2 wild-type. The median number of cycles of dose-dense TMZ was 11 (range 2–18). Median follow up was 64 months (range 7–112). RESULTS: Overall, response rate following dose-dense TMZ was as follows: PR in 21/60 (35%) patients, minor PR (mPR) in 14/60 (23%), SD in 21/60 (35%) and PD in 4/60 (7%). Most patients achieved the best tumor response within 6 months after the start of TMZ. Among patients with mPR and PR, 15/49 (30.6%) were IDH1-2 mutated/1p19q codeleted and 11/49 (22.4%) were IDH1-2 wild-type. PFS was 71.4% at 36 months and 28.6% at 60 months with a median value of 46 months in the IDH1-2 mutated/1p19q codeleted subgroup, while PFS was 45.8% at 36 months and 25% at 60 months with a median value of 34 months in the IDH1-2 wild-type subgroup. OS was 90.5% at 36 months and 66.7% at 60 months with a median value of 76 months in the IDH1-2 mutated/1p19q codeleted subgroup, while OS was 66.7% at 36 months and 50% at 60 months with a median value of 60 months in the IDH1-2 wild-type subgroup. The number of patients with IDH1-2 mutated but not 1p/19q codeleted tumors was too small to allow meaningful correlations with response and survival. Seizure improvement was achieved in 29/34 patients (85%) following TMZ: 17/33 (52%) patients at 12 months and 18/29 (62.1%) at 24 months were seizure-free (Engel class I). The time of maximal seizure response was earlier than that observed on MRI (3 months vs 6 months). CONCLUSIONS: Dose-dense TMZ has shown a significant activity in terms of tumor and seizure control, especially in IDH1-2 mutated/1p19q codeleted patients. Seizure reduction could represent an early indicator of response to chemotherapy and maybe predict the duration of response.
Plasma Glycated CD59, a Novel Biomarker for Detection of Pregnancy-Induced Glucose Intolerance
Authors: Pamela Ghosh, Miguel A. Luque-Fernandez, Anand Vaidya, Dongdong Ma, Rupam Sahoo, Michael Chorev, Chloe Zera, Thomas F. McElrath, Michelle A. Williams, Ellen W. Seely, Jose A. Halperin
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

OBJECTIVE Plasma glycated CD59 (pGCD59) is an emerging biomarker in diabetes. We assessed whether pGCD59 could predict the following: the results of the glucose challenge test (GCT) for screening of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (primary analysis); and the diagnosis of GDM and prevalence of large for gestational age (LGA) newborns (secondary analyses). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Case-control study of 1,000 plasma samples from women receiving standard prenatal care, 500 women having a normal GCT (control subjects) and 500 women with a failed GCT and a subsequent oral glucose tolerance test (case patients). RESULTS Compared with control subjects, the median (interquartile range) pGCD59 value was 8.5-fold higher in case patients and 10-fold higher in GDM patients, as follows: control subjects 0.33 (0.19); case patients 2.79 (1.4); GDM patients 3.23 (1.43) (P &amp;lt; 0.001); area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.92. LGA prevalence was 4.3% in the lowest quartile and 13.5% in the highest quartile of pGCD59. CONCLUSIONS One pGCD59 measurement during weeks 24–28 identifies pregnancy-induced glucose intolerance with high sensitivity and specificity and can potentially identify the risk for LGA.