tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
EFFICACY OF SPYGLASS-GUIDED ELECTROHYDRAULIC LITHOTRIPSY (EHL) IN DIFFICULT BILE DUCT STONES
Authors: I Moschos, D Paikos, C Kosmidis, K Skendros, F Mouallimoglou, C Papagoras, K Ritis, G Kouklakis
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Spyglass-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) in treating common bile duct stones (CBD) not amenable to conventional endoscopic therapy “difficult CBD stones”, in a single center.
Impact of In-Hospital Major Bleeding on Late Clinical Outcomes After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jung-Won Suh, Roxana Mehran, Bimmer E. Claessen, Ke Xu, Usman Baber, George Dangas, Helen Parise, Alexandra J. Lansky, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Cindy L. Grines, Giulio Guagliumi, Ran Kornowski, Jochen Wöhrle, Dariusz Dudek, Giora Weisz, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 NS5A resistance-associated variants are associated with advanced liver fibrosis independently of HCV-transmission clusters
Authors: M. Parczewski, J. Kordek, E. Janczewska, A. Pisula, W. Łojewski, Ł. Socha, M. Wawrzynowicz-Syczewska, M. Bociąga-Jasik, A. Szymczak, I. Cielniak, E. Siwak, E. Mularska, B. Aksak-Wąs, A. Urbańska, N. Lübke
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2018)
Prenatal biochemical screening and long term risk of maternal cardiovascular disease: population based cohort study
Authors: Joel G Ray, Tianhua Huang, Wendy S Meschino, Eyal Cohen, Alison L Park
Journal: BMJ (2018)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Objective</h3> To examine whether abnormal prenatal biochemical screening results are associated with an increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease after pregnancy. <h3>Design</h3> Population based cohort study. <h3>Setting</h3> The entire province of Ontario, Canada, where healthcare is universally available. <h3>Participants</h3> Women aged 12-55 years, without pre-existing cardiovascular disease, who underwent prenatal screening between 1993 and 2011. One pregnancy per woman was randomly selected. <h3>Exposures</h3> Low (≤5th centile multiple of the median) serum total chorionic gonadotropin, unconjugated estriol, and pregnancy associated plasma protein A and high (≥95th centile multiple of the median) alphafetoprotein and dimeric inhibin-A. <h3>Main outcome measures</h3> Composite of hospital admission or revascularisation for coronary artery, cerebrovascular, or peripheral arterial disease or hospital admission for heart failure or dysrhythmia at least 365 days after pregnancy. <h3>Results</h3> Among 855 536 pregnancies, and after a median of 11.4 (interquartile range 6.8-17.5) years of follow-up, 6209 women developed the main cardiovascular disease outcome. Abnormal results for each of the five prenatal biochemical screening analytes, especially dimeric inhibin-A, were associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Women with an abnormally high dimeric inhibin-A (≥95th centile) had the highest rate of cardiovascular disease (30 events or 8.3 per 10 000 person years versus 251 events or 3.8 per 10 000 person years for those &lt;95th centile; multivariable adjusted hazard ratio 2.0, 95% confidence interval 1.4 to 3.0). Compared with women without any abnormal biochemical measure, the hazard ratio for the cardiovascular disease composite outcome was 1.2-1.3 times higher with one abnormal analyte and 1.5-2.0 times higher with two or more abnormal analytes. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Women with abnormal prenatal biochemical screening results, especially for dimeric inhibin-A, may be at higher risk of cardiovascular disease. If these findings are replicated elsewhere, a massive amount of data exists that could aid in identifying women at higher risk of premature cardiovascular disease and that could be conveyed to them or their healthcare providers.
<i>Notes from the Field:</i> Toxic Leukoencephalopathy Associated with Tianeptine Misuse — California, 2017
Authors: Robert Goodnough, Kai Li, Fatemeh Fouladkou, Kara L. Lynch, Maulik Shah, Craig G. Smollin, Paul D. Blanc
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)
A minimally invasive tool to study immune response and skin barrier in children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: L. Hulshof, D.P. Hack, Q.C.J. Hasnoe, B. Dontje, I. Jakasa, C. Riethmüller, W.H.I. McLean, W.M.C. Aalderen, B. van't Land, S. Kezic, A.B. Sprikkelman, M.A. Middelkamp‐Hup
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects children of all skin types. Most research has focused on light skin types. Studies investigating biomarkers in people with AD with dark skin types are lacking.To explore skin barrier and immune response biomarkers in stratum corneum (SC) tape strips from children with AD with different skin types.Tape strips were collected from lesional and nonlesional forearm skin of 53 children with AD and 50 controls. We analysed 28 immunomodulatory mediators, and natural moisturizing factors (NMF) and corneocyte morphology.Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, C-X-C motif chemokine (CXCL) 8 (CXCL8), C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 22 (CCL22), CCL17, CXCL10 and CCL2 were significantly higher (P < 0·05) in lesional AD skin compared with nonlesional AD skin; the opposite trend was seen for IL-1α. CXCL8, CCL2 and CCL17 showed an association with objective SCORing Atopic Dermatitis score. NMF levels showed a gradual decrease from healthy skin to nonlesional and lesional AD skin. This gradual decreasing pattern was observed in skin type II but not in skin type VI. Skin type VI showed higher NMF levels in both nonlesional and lesional AD skin than skin type II. Corneocyte morphology was significantly different in lesional AD skin compared with nonlesional AD and healthy skin.Minimally invasive tape-stripping is suitable for the determination of many inflammatory mediators and skin barrier biomarkers in children with AD. This study shows differences between children with AD with skin type II and skin type VI in NMF levels, suggesting that some aspects of pathophysiological mechanisms may differ in AD children with light versus dark skin types.
Punciones transvasculares guiadas por ecoendoscopia diagnóstico-intervencionista: estudio multicéntrico nacional retrospectivo
Authors: R León Montañés, MT Betes Ibañez, C De La Serna Higuera, FJ García Fernández, C Consiglieri Alvarado, JC Subtil Iñigo, J Gornals Soler
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

La USE-PAAF es una técnica esencial en el diagnóstico y estadificación de neoplasias del tracto digestivo y mediastínicas. En ocasiones existe una interposición de una estructura vascular que desestima la punción y plantea la opción de acceso transvascular.
Two breakthrough gene-targeted treatments for spinal muscular atrophy: challenges remain
Authors: Charlotte J. Sumner, Thomas O. Crawford
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

The motor neuron disease spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by recessive, loss-of-function mutations of the survival motor neuron 1 gene (SMN1). Alone, such mutations are embryonically lethal, but SMA patients retain a paralog gene, SMN2, that undergoes alternative pre-mRNA splicing, producing low levels of SMN protein. By mechanisms that are not well understood, reduced expression of the ubiquitously expressed SMN protein causes an early-onset motor neuron disease that often results in infantile or childhood mortality. Recently, striking clinical improvements have resulted from two novel treatment strategies to increase SMN protein by (a) modulating the splicing of existing SMN2 pre-mRNAs using antisense oligonucleotides, and (b) transducing motor neurons with self-complementary adeno-associated virus 9 (scAAV9) expressing exogenous SMN1 cDNA. We review the recently published clinical trial results and discuss the differing administration, tissue targeting, and potential toxicities of these two therapies. We also focus on the challenges that remain, emphasizing the many clinical and biologic questions that remain open. Answers to these questions will enable further optimization of these remarkable SMA treatments as well as provide insights that may well be useful in application of these therapeutic platforms to other diseases.
Abstract 2544: Pulmonary Venous Anatomy Predicts Recurrent Arrhythmia after Pulmonary Vein Antrum Isolation for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Ron Jacob, Dimpi Patel, Michael Lieber, Michelle Williams, Andrea Natale, Srikanth Sola
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Pulmonary Vein Antrum Isolation (PVAI) is being used with increasing frequency for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) can be used to evaluate the complex anatomy of the left atrium and pulmonary veins to facilitate PVAI. We hypothesized that pulmonary vein anatomy, as determined by MDCT, would predict recurrent atrial fibrillation after PVAI. Methods: We evaluated consecutive patients scheduled for PVAI who underwent a CT examination of the pulmonary veins on a Philips Brilliance 64 or Siemens Sensation-64 slice MDCT scanner &lt; 3 months prior to a PVAI procedure. The number and ostial area of all pulmonary veins, indexed to body surface area, were determined by 2 independent blinded observers. Transtelephonic monitoring was performed for the first 3– 6 months after the PVAI procedure. Patients were followed at 3, 6, and 12 months with a 12-lead EKG and 48-hour Holter monitor. Results: A total of 113 patients (mean age 58±10 years; 73% male) were enrolled and followed for 12 months. A total of 445 pulmonary vein ostia were analyzed; 26% of patients had left sided pulmonary veins with a shared common ostium. The remaining patients had 2 separate left sided pulmonary veins. At the end of the 12-month follow-up, patients with two left sided pulmonary veins had a significantly increased risk of recurrent arrhythmia (34.3%) after PVAI than patients with a common left pulmonary vein (7.7%; p=0.009; OR 4.45). There was no relationship between the number of right sided pulmonary veins or total pulmonary vein ostial size and recurrent arrhythmia (582 cm 2 /m 2 in patients with recurrence vs 505 cm 2 /m 2 without recurrence (P= 0.14). Conclusion: In patients undergoing PVAI for atrial fibrillation, the presence of two left sided pulmonary veins, as determined by MDCT, is associated with an increased risk of recurrent arrhythmia at 12 months compared with patients who have a single common left pulmonary vein.
DIRECT PERCUTANEOUS GASTROSTOMY WITH GASTROPEXY
Authors: A Martínez-Alcalá García, F Martínez-Alcalá García, T Kröner, K Mönkemüller
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

A 59-year old male with a hypopharyngeal carcinoma had persistent dysphagia and malnutrition despite adequate radiochemotherapy. A tight radiation-induced upper esophageal stenosis was present, which precluded the passage of a standard gastroscope. Passing a ultraslim, pediatric gastroscope was feasible. In order to provide nutrition a gastrostomy was indicated. However, placement of a traditional PEG tube using the pull-technique was not possible due to the tight stenosis. Therefore a gastroepexy gastrostomy wa performed.
Single-cell approaches identify the molecular network driving malignant hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal
Authors: Mairi S. Shepherd, Juan Li, Nicola K. Wilson, Caroline A. Oedekoven, Jiangbing Li, Miriam Belmonte, Juergen Fink, Janine C. M. Prick, Dean C. Pask, Tina L. Hamilton, Dirk Loeffler, Anjana Rao, Timm Schröder, Berthold Göttgens, Anthony R. Green, David G. Kent
Journal: Blood (2018)
Factores asociados a la resección incompleta de pólipos grandes de colon: PARIS Is – II
Authors: M Alburquerque Miranda, A Vargas García, I Sánchez Pérez, A Smarrelli, C Ledezma Frontado, L Vidal Plana, M Figa Francesc, F Gonzalez-Huix Lladó
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

La resección mucosa endoscópica (RME) de pólipos colorectales de gran tamaño se asocia a una tasa de resección incompleta (TRI) de hasta 38%.
Abstract 11312: MicroRNA-29 and MicroRNA-126 Work in Tandem to Decrease the Differentiation and Angiogenic Capability of Aging Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells
Authors: Shoukang Zhu, Jianqin Wei, Huaping Shi, Shanming Deng, Ji Shi, Chunling Jia, Derek M Dykxhoorn, Pascal J Goldschmidt-Clermont, Chunming Dong
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Bone marrow (BM) lineage negative fraction (lin- BMCs) enriched for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), appear to mediate cardiac repair via direct di...
EARLY ENDOSCOPY VS URGENT ENDOSCOPY ON EVOLUTION OF PATIENTS WITH PEPTIC ULCER BLEEDING
Authors: V Rednic, I Groza, S Pasca, B Furnea, M Tantau, D Matei
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of the time interval to perform endoscopy (endoscopy timing) on mortality rate, re-bleeding rate, need for surgery, need for blood transfusions and duration of hospitalization in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) due to peptic ulcers.
Myocardial Scar and Mortality in Severe Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Tarique A. Musa, Thomas A. Treibel, Vassiliou S. Vassiliou, Gabriella Captur, Anvesha Singh, Calvin Chin, Laura E. Dobson, Silvia Pica, Margaret Loudon, Tamir Malley, Marzia Rigolli, James R.J. Foley, Petra Bijsterveld, Graham R. Law, Marc R. Dweck, Saul G. Myerson, Gerry P. McCann, Sanjay K. Prasad, James C. Moon, John P. Greenwood
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic stenosis is timed primarily on the development of symptoms, but late surgery can result in irreversible myocardial dysfunction and additional risk. The aim of this study was to determine whether the presence of focal myocardial scar preoperatively was associated with long-term mortality. Methods: In a longitudinal observational outcome study, survival analysis was performed in patients with severe aortic stenosis listed for valve intervention at 6 UK cardiothoracic centers. Patients underwent preprocedural echocardiography (for valve severity assessment) and cardiovascular magnetic resonance for ventricular volumes, function and scar quantification between January 2003 and May 2015. Myocardial scar was categorized into 3 patterns (none, infarct, or noninfarct patterns) and quantified with the full width at half-maximum method as percentage of the left ventricle. All-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality were tracked for a minimum of 2 years. Results: Six hundred seventy-four patients with severe aortic stenosis (age, 75±14 years; 63% male; aortic valve area, 0.38±0.14 cm 2 /m 2 ; mean gradient, 46±18 mm Hg; left ventricular ejection fraction, 61.0±16.7%) were included. Scar was present in 51% (18% infarct pattern, 33% noninfarct). Management was surgical AVR (n=399) or transcatheter AVR (n=275). During follow-up (median, 3.6 years), 145 patients (21.5%) died (52 after surgical AVR, 93 after transcatheter AVR). In multivariable analysis, the factors independently associated with all-cause mortality were age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.50; 95% CI, 1.11–2.04; P =0.009, scaled by epochs of 10 years), Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03–1.22; P =0.007), and scar presence (HR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.40–4.05; P =0.001). Scar independently predicted all-cause (26.4% versus 12.9%; P &lt;0.001) and cardiovascular (15.0% versus 4.8%; P &lt;0.001) mortality, regardless of intervention (transcatheter AVR, P =0.002; surgical AVR, P =0.026 [all-cause mortality]). Every 1% increase in left ventricular myocardial scar burden was associated with 11% higher all-cause mortality hazard (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05–1.17; P &lt;0.001) and 8% higher cardiovascular mortality hazard (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01–1.17; P &lt;0.001). Conclusions: In patients with severe aortic stenosis, late gadolinium enhancement on cardiovascular magnetic resonance was independently associated with mortality; its presence was associated with a 2-fold higher late mortality.
SMAD4 Suppresses WNT-Driven Dedifferentiation and Oncogenesis in the Differentiated Gut Epithelium
Authors: Ansu O. Perekatt, Pooja P. Shah, Shannon Cheung, Nidhi Jariwala, Alex Wu, Vishal Gandhi, Namit Kumar, Qiang Feng, Neeket Patel, Lei Chen, Shilpy Joshi, Anbo Zhou, M. Mark Taketo, Jinchuan Xing, Eileen White, Nan Gao, Michael L. Gatza, Michael P. Verzi
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

The cell of origin of colon cancer is typically thought to be the resident somatic stem cells, which are immortal and escape the continual cellular turnover characteristic of the intestinal epithelium. However, recent studies have identified certain conditions in which differentiated cells can acquire stem-like properties and give rise to tumors. Defining the origins of tumors will inform cancer prevention efforts as well as cancer therapies, as cancers with distinct origins often respond differently to treatments. We report here a new condition in which tumors arise from the differentiated intestinal epithelium. Inactivation of the differentiation-promoting transcription factor SMAD4 in the intestinal epithelium was surprisingly well tolerated in the short term. However, after several months, adenomas developed with characteristics of activated WNT signaling. Simultaneous loss of SMAD4 and activation of the WNT pathway led to dedifferentiation and rapid adenoma formation in differentiated tissue. Transcriptional profiling revealed acquisition of stem cell characteristics, and colabeling indicated that cells expressing differentiated enterocyte markers entered the cell cycle and reexpressed stem cell genes upon simultaneous loss of SMAD4 and activation of the WNT pathway. These results indicate that SMAD4 functions to maintain differentiated enterocytes in the presence of oncogenic WNT signaling, thus preventing dedifferentiation and tumor formation in the differentiated intestinal epithelium.
WIDE VARIATION IN DETECTION RATES OF CLINICALLY RELEVANT SERRATED POLYPS BETWEEN EXPERIENCED GASTROENTEROLOGISTS DURING AVERAGE-RISK SCREENING COLONOSCOPIES AND ANALYSIS OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THEIR DETECTION
Authors: C Schramm, K Janhsen, JH Hofer, H Toermer, A Stelzer, F Stenschke, M Stollenwerk, I Scheller, S Lang, T Goeser, HM Steffen
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Endoscopic detection and histopathological evaluation of serrated polyps (SP), which have been recognized as precursors of colorectal cancer (CRC) via the serrated pathway and which account for around 15% of all CRC cases, is challenging. Therefore, the new entity of clinically relevant SPs (crSPs) has recently been proposed. However, data on their prevalence are sparse.
Abstract P259: Imaging-based Biomarker: Characterisation of the Ascending Aorta in Children with History of Kawasaki Disease and in a Healthy Control Sample
Authors: Ian Nandlall, Nagib Dahdah, Roch Maurice, Najat Chibab, Anika Maurice
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Few studies have documented alterations in the biophysical properties of the aorta in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). Our group very recently introduced a novel and innovative meth...
Inequity in access to bDMARD care and how it influences disease outcomes across countries worldwide: results from the METEOR-registry
Authors: Sytske Anne Bergstra, Jaime C Branco, David Vega-Morales, Karen Salomon-Escoto, Nimmisha Govind, Cornelia F Allaart, Robert B M Landewé
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

To establish in a global setting the relationships between countries' socioeconomic status (SES), measured biological disease modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD)-usage and disease outcomes. To assess if prescription and reimbursement rules and generic access to medication relates to a countries' bDMARD-usage.Data on disease activity and drug use from countries that had contributed at least 100 patients were extracted from the METEOR database. Mean disease outcomes of all available patients at the final visit were calculated on a per-country basis. A questionnaire was sent to at least two rheumatologists per country inquiring about DMARD-prices, access to treatment and valid regulations for prescription and reimbursement.Data from 20 379 patients living in 12 different countries showed that countries' SES was positively associated with measured disease activity (meanDAS28), but not always with physical functioning (HAQ-score). A lower country's SES, stricter rules for prescription and reimbursement of bDMARDs as well as worse affordability of bDMARDs were associated with lower bDMARD-usage. bDMARD-usage was negatively associated with disease activity (although not with physical functioning), but the association was moderate at best.Disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis as well as bDMARD-usage varies across countries worldwide. The (negative) relationship between countries' bDMARD-usage and level of disease activity is complex and under the influence of many factors, including-but not limited to-countries' SES, affordability of bDMARDs and valid prescription and reimbursement rules for bDMARDs.
PERFORATION AFTER BALLOON DILATION OF ACHALASIA TREATED WITH SELF-EXPANDING METAL STENT: MY AWFUL DAY!
Authors: A Martínez-Alcalá García, PT Kröner, LC Fry, K Mönkemüller
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

A 72-year old man with achalasia underwent balloon dilation. Following dilation there was a huge and deep laceration. No contrast extravasation was seen. However, the laceration was deep and there was concern for microperforation. Therefore, we decided insert a fully-covered self expanding metal stent (fcSEMS). The fcSEMS was placed in correct position and the patient was admitted to the hospital, where he remained stable for 24 hours, after which he was discharged home in stable condition. The plan was to electively remove the stent in 2 weeks. The patient, however, returned after one week with massive vomiting. Upon EGD the stent had slipped and migrated distally, embedding into the stomach, blocking the transit of the food bolus or liquids. The stent was deeply embedded, and various efforts to remove it proximally were futile. These efforts included grasping the stent with snares and various types of forceps. Finally, after tightly grasping the proximal part of the fcSEMS with a rat tooth forceps and constant, but gentle pulling using a torque-like movement and rotation, it was possible to disengage the stent from the stomach and esophageal attachments. Upon visualization of the proximal part of the fcSEMS coming out of the hypopharynx, victory was declared, but suddenly the forceps lost the stent, the stent slid back into the hypopharynx and esophagus. Nevertheless, the quick reaction of the nurse assistant saved the situation, as her quick fingers grabbed the stent. Evidently, the game was not over, as once the proximal third of the stent was out of the mouth of the patient, the patient started to wake up from sedation and his strong teeth closed tightly around the stent. Gentle action by the entire team finally convinced the patient to release the stent and put an end to this awful day.