tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The European Medical Corps: first Public Health Team mission and future perspectives
Authors: Joana M Haussig, Ettore Severi, Jonathan HJ Baum, Veerle Vanlerberghe, Amparo Laiseca, Laurent Defrance, Cristina Brailescu, Denis Coulombier, Josep Jansa
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2017)

The 2013-2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa challenged traditional international mechanisms for public health team mobilisation to control outbreaks. Consequently, in February 2016, the European Union (EU) launched the European Medical Corps (EMC), a mechanism developed in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) to rapidly deploy teams and equipment in response to public health emergencies inside and outside the EU. Public Health Teams (PHTs), a component of the EMC, consist of experts in communicable disease prevention and control from participating countries and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), to support affected countries and WHO in risk assessment and outbreak response. The European Commission's Directorate-General European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations and Directorate-General Health and Food Safety, and ECDC, plan and support deployments. The first EMC-PHT deployment took place in May 2016, with a team sent to Angola for a yellow fever outbreak. The aims were to evaluate transmission risks to local populations and EU citizens in Angola, the risk of regional spread and importation into the EU, and to advise Angolan and EU authorities on control measures. International actors should gain awareness of the EMC, its response capacities and the means for requesting assistance.
Prior Authorizations for Diagnostic Skin Biopsies
Authors: Andrew T. Rogers, Brittany Sutherland, Manisha J. Loss
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Dr. David Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1915)

When I was a Councillor with the City of Melbourne my portfolio was Community Services. This meant that I had responsibility for the City's response to homelessness and housing issues. I wanted to make sure we were on track with our policies and so had a monthly lunch with a group of people experiencing homelessness. As we discussed their issues I learned about the issues from their first-hand experience. One of the common themes was that they felt people treated them as second rate. This was a very dehumanising experience. In fact that idea of dehumanisation kept on coming up. Different words were used to describe it but their stories were filled with examples of how they were treated by others hat made them feel unwanted. Mother Theresa is quoted as saying that the worst poverty she experienced on the streets of Calcutta was the poverty of feeling nobody wanted you. A sense of belonging is one of the greatest gifts we can give to one another, including (and especially) those who are pushed to the margins of our Society.
Knee Alignment Is Quantitatively Related to Periarticular Bone Morphometry and Density, Especially in Patients With Osteoarthritis
Authors: Grace H. Lo, Mehveen G. Merchant, Jeffrey B. Driban, Jeffrey Duryea, Lori Lyn Price, Charles B. Eaton, Timothy E. McAlindon
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2017)

Static alignment influences knee loading and predicts osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Periarticular bone is important in dispersing forces across the knee, and there is substantial evidence for molecular crosstalk between cartilage and subchondral bone. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between periarticular trabecular bone morphology and bone mineral density (BMD) and knee alignment in OA.This was a cross-sectional analysis of participants in the Osteoarthritis Initiative Bone Ancillary Study. Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was performed to measure tibial periarticular bone mineral density (paBMD). Magnetic resonance imaging of knee trabecular bone was performed to calculate the apparent bone volume fraction (aBVF), apparent trabecular number (aTbN), apparent trabecular spacing (aTbSp), and apparent trabecular thickness (aTbTh). Static alignment was assessed by measuring the hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle on long-limb films.The study group comprised 436 participants (mean ± SD age 65.4 ± 9.2 years, 46% female, mean ± SD body mass index 29.6 ± 4.6 kg/m2 ), 71% of whom had OA. Correlations between the HKA angle and medial:lateral paBMD, medial paBMD, aBVF, aTbN, aTbTh, and aTbSp were -0.63, -0.34, -0.29, -0.32, -0.22, and 0.30, respectively. More varus alignment was associated with higher medial:lateral paBMD, medial paBMD, aBVF, aTbN, aTbTh, and lower aTbSp. In OA knees, the results were more pronounced. In non-OA knees, the most consistent association was with medial:lateral paBMD.Static alignment was associated with medial:lateral paBMD in all knees and with medial paBMD and trabecular morphometry in OA knees only. Aberrant knee loading may lead to increased relative subchondral bone density, which is partly related to a higher aBVF and a greater number of thicker trabeculae with smaller intertrabecular spacing. Knee DXA may be a useful early biomarker of knee OA.
First outbreak of Zika virus in the continental United States: a modelling analysis
Authors: Giovanni Marini, Giorgio Guzzetta, Roberto Rosà, Stefano Merler
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2017)

Since 2015, Zika virus (ZIKV) has spread throughout Latin and Central America. This emerging infectious disease has been causing considerable public health concern because of severe neurological complications, especially in newborns after congenital infections. In July 2016, the first outbreak in the continental United States was identified in the Wynwood neighbourhood of Miami-Dade County, Florida. In this work, we investigated transmission dynamics using a mathematical model calibrated to observed data on mosquito abundance and symptomatic human infections. We found that, although ZIKV transmission was detected in July 2016, the first importation may have occurred between March and mid-April. The estimated highest value for R0 was 2.73 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.65-4.17); the attack rate was 14% (95% CI: 5.6-27.4%), with 15 (95% CI: 6-29) pregnant women involved and a 12% probability of infected blood donations. Vector control avoided 60% of potential infections. According to our results, it is likely that further ZIKV outbreaks identified in other areas of Miami-Dade County were seeded by commuters to Wynwood rather than by additional importation from international travellers. Our study can help prepare future outbreak-related interventions in European areas where competent mosquitoes for ZIKV transmission are already established.
The role of c-peptide in chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) during taxans treatment of early breast cancer patients.
Authors: Agnieszka Irena Jagiello-Gruszfeld, Marcin Maczkiewicz, Halina Rudnicka, Jerzy Giermek, Zbigniew Nowecki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e12030 Background: Neuropathy during the taxans treatment in early breast cancer patients (pts) is a significat issue. No prognostic factors are found to determine the possibility of CIPN onset. C-peptide role as a promoting factor for neuropathy and other diabetes mellitus (DM) complications has been recently established. Methods: Between May.2014 and December.2014 C-peptide fasting levels were measured in 52 consecutive pts (51 females and 1 male) treated at our department with weekly paclitaxel (PCL) as part of their adjuvant chemotherapy (4 x AC / 12 x PCL). DM sufferers were exclude from the study. Measurements were done during first 3 weeks of treatment. CIPN levels were assesed using NCI-CTCAE ver. 3 in each treatment week. Results: In our study group grade 2 CIPN was detected in one pts (male) that had his taxane treatment stopped after receiving 10 PCL courses. Out of 51 remaining patients that completed their pre-planned treatment, 28 pts had grade 1 CIPN – with onset usualy between weeks 7 and 9 (23 patients) and in 5 pts during the first 3-4 weeks of chemotharapy. Conclusions: C-peptide level can be a promising prognostic factor for CIPN during taxans treatment, especially in EBC. It seems pts with low C-peptide levels are more predisponed to CIPN onset also at the beginning of the taxane treatment. This requires further studies as well as further evaluation of CIPN intensity after 6 and 12 months of treatment completion and correlation with C-peptide levels. c-peptid 0.1-1.0 ng /ml c-petide 1.1- 2.1 ng/ml c-peptide 2.2- 10.0 ng/ml CIPN grade 0 3 pts (5%) 8 pts (15%) 12 pts (23%) 23 pts (44%) CIPN grade 1 (3-4 cycle) 4 pts (8%) 1 pts (2%) - 5 pts (10%) CIPN grade 1 (7-9 cycle) 6 pts (11%) 10 pts (20%) 7 pts (14%) 23 pts (44%) CIPN grade 2 - - 1 pts (2%) 1 pts (2%)
Former editor who fabricated data is suspended for four months
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

A former editor of the British Journal of Diabetes who was found last April to have fabricated research data and forged the signatures of coauthors has been suspended from the UK medical register for four months.

Paul Grant had been appointed editor in chief of Clinical Medicine , the journal of the Royal College of Physicians, when allegations surfaced of irregularities in five research papers he submitted. He never took up the post.

Two of the papers were published and later retracted. The most serious allegations concerned a study of anxiety and depression in 350 patients with type 1 diabetes …
Transcription Factor Bach1 and Bach2 Operate Erythro-Myeloid Competitive Differentiation By Responding to Environmental Changes
Authors: Hiroki Kato, Ari Itoh-Nakadai, Mitsuyo Matsumoto, Risa Ebina-Shibuya, Yuki Sato, Masahiro Kobayashi, Akihiko Muto, Tohru Fujiwara, Hideo Harigae, Kazuhiko Igarashi
Journal: Blood (2016)
One in six people newly diagnosed with HIV in Europe is now aged over 50
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2017)

There has been a steady rise in the number of new cases of HIV diagnosed in older age groups in Europe over the past 12 years, a study published in the Lancet HIV has shown, with around one in six (17%) in 2015 diagnosed in people aged over 50.1

People aged 50 or older were more likely than younger people (aged 15 to 49 years) to have acquired HIV through heterosexual sexual contact and to be diagnosed with advanced disease, the results showed. The researchers from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control said this highlighted a need to …
Outcomes of<i>Mycobacterium avium</i>complex lung disease based on clinical phenotype
Authors: Won-Jung Koh, Seong Mi Moon, Su-Young Kim, Min-Ah Woo, Seonwoo Kim, Byung Woo Jhun, Hye Yun Park, Kyeongman Jeon, Hee Jae Huh, Chang-Seok Ki, Nam Yong Lee, Myung Jin Chung, Kyung Soo Lee, Sung Jae Shin, Charles L. Daley, Hojoong Kim, O Jung Kwon
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

The effect of the clinical phenotype of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease on treatment outcome and redevelopment of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung disease after treatment completion has not been studied systematically.We evaluated 481 treatment-naïve patients with MAC lung disease who underwent antibiotic treatment for ≥12 months between January 2002 and December 2013.Out of 481 patients, 278 (58%) had noncavitary nodular bronchiectatic (NB) disease, 80 (17%) had cavitary NB disease and 123 (25%) had fibrocavitary disease. Favourable outcome was higher in patients with noncavitary disease (88%) than in patients with cavitary disease (76% for fibrocavitary and 78% for cavitary NB disease; p<0.05). Cavitary disease was independently associated with unfavourable outcomes (p<0.05). Out of 402 patients with favourable outcomes, 118 (29%) experienced redevelopment of NTM lung disease, with the same MAC species recurring in 65 (55%) patients. The NB form was an independent risk factor for redevelopment of NTM lung disease (p<0.05). In patients with recurrent MAC lung disease due to the same species, bacterial genotyping revealed that 74% of cases were attributable to reinfection and 26% to relapse.Treatment outcomes and redevelopment of NTM lung disease after treatment completion differed by clinical phenotype of MAC lung disease.
Direct identification of clinical pathogens from liquid culture media by MALDI-TOF MS analysis
Authors: M. Oviaño, B. Rodríguez-Sánchez, M. Gómara, L. Alcalá, E. Zvezdanova, A. Ruíz, D. Velasco, M.J. Gude, E. Bouza, G. Bou
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2017)
Treatment of patients with substance use disorders: Second edition
Authors: Herbert D. Kleber, Roger D. Weiss, Raymond F. Anton, Tony P. George, Shelly F. Greenfield, Thomas R. Kosten, Charles P. O'Brien, Bruce J. Rounsaville, Eric C. Strain, Douglas M. Ziedonis, Grace Hennessy, Hilary Smith Connery, John S. McIntyre, Sara C. Charles, Daniel J. Anzia, Ian A. Cook, Molly T. Finnerty, Bradley R. Johnson, James E. Nininger, Paul Summergrad, Sherwyn M. Woods, Joel Yager
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)
Quantification of large and middle proteins of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) as a novel tool for the identification of inactive HBV carriers
Authors: Maria Pfefferkorn, Stephan Böhm, Tina Schott, Danilo Deichsel, Corinna M Bremer, Kathrin Schröder, Wolfram H Gerlich, Dieter Glebe, Thomas Berg, Florian van Bömmel
Journal: Gut (2017)

Objective Among individuals with chronic hepatitis B, those with hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis (CHB) can be difficult to distinguish from those with HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection, also referred to as inactive HBV carriers (ICs), but both require different medical management. The level of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) has been proposed as a marker to discriminate between chronic infection and hepatitis stages. HBsAg consists of large, middle and small HBs. The aim of this study was to determine whether the composition of HBsAg improved the identification of ICs among HBsAg-positive subjects with different phases of HBV infections. Design HBV large surface proteins (LHBs) and HBV middle surface proteins (MHBs) were quantified in serum samples from 183 clinically well-characterised untreated patients with acute (n=14) HBV infection, ICs (n=44), CHBs (n=46), chronic HBeAg-positive phase (n=68) and hepatitis delta coinfection (n=11) using an ELISA, with well-defined monoclonal antibodies against the preS1 domain (LHBs) and the preS2-domain (MHBs). A Western blot analysis was used to verify the quantitation of the components of HBsAg. Total HBsAg was quantified using a modified commercially available assay (HBsAg V.6.0, Enzygnost, Siemens, Erlangen). Results The composition of HBsAg showed specific patterns across different phases of hepatitis B. Individuals in the IC phase had significantly lower proportions of LHBs and MHBs than patients in acute or chronic phases irrespective of their HBV e-antigen status (p&lt;0.0001) or HBsAg level. Both LHBs and MHBs ratios better predicted the IC phase than total HBsAg levels. Conclusion Quantification of MHBs, particularly LHBs represents a novel tool for the identification of the IC stage.
PET/MRI in cervical cancer: Insights into tumor biology.
Authors: Katja Pinker-Domenig, Pascal Baltzer, Heinrich Magometschnigg, Stephan Polanec, Piotr Andrezejewski, Alina Emiliana Sturdza, Dietmar Georg, Stephan Polterauer, Veronika Seebacher, Alexander Reinthaller, Thomas Helbich, Richard Poetter, Petra Georg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

5597 Background: To investigate molecular imaging of cervix cancer with combined multiparametric positron emission tomography - magnetic resonance imaging (3T MP PET-MRI) using multiple MRI techniques and PET tracers for an improved understanding of tumor biology and heterogeneity. Methods: Ten patients with cervix cancer scheduled for radiation therapy were included in this IRB-approved prospective study. All patients were examined with combined 3T MP PET-MRI. The MRI protocol consisted of a high-resolution T2-weighted, a diffusion-weighted and a T1-weighted sequence with fat-sat before and after the application of contrast agent. All patients underwent 18F-FDG/18F-FMISO PET/CT. Patients were injected with approximately 330 MBq 18F-FDG and 18F-FMISO on different days and scanning was started 45 min after injection of 18F-FDG and 180 min after injection of 18F-FMISO. PET and MR image registrations were performed using Mirada RTx (Mirada Medical, Oxford, UK , ver. 1.4.0.23) software. 3T MP PET-MRI was assessed for tumor size, enhancement (EH)-kinetics, restricted diffusivity and 18F-FDG/18F-FMISO-avidity. Results: Molecular imaging with 3T MP PET-MRI was successfully performed in all ten patients. Tumor volumes ranged from 6.2-440.0cc (median 125.5cc). All tumors demonstrated restricted diffusivity (mean 0.75 x 10-3 mm2/sec). All tumors showed a strong initial EH and followed by either a wash-out (n = 6) or a plateau (n = 4). All tumors were highly 18F-FDG-avid (SUVmax mean17.3). None of the tumors were highly 18F-FMISO-avid (SUVmax mean 3.3). In eight patients, 18F-FMISO PET identified 18F-FMISO-avid spots within the 18F-FDG-avid lesion, indicative of areas of tumor hypoxia. There was a weak correlation for tumor volume and 18F-FDG and 18F-FMISO SUVmax, indicating that 18F-FMISO-avidity is independent of tumor volume. Conclusions: Molecular imaging with 3T MP PET-MRI in patients with cervix cancer is feasible and provides unique complementary information on tumor biology and heterogeneity. 3T MP PET-MRI can identify areas of tumor hypoxia, which are more resistant to radiation therapy and necessitate dose-escalation, and thus might improve therapy planning and assessment of treatment response.
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) utilizing a high-sensitivity panel to detect minimal residual disease post liver hepatectomy and predict disease recurrence.
Authors: Michael J. Overman, Jean-Nicolas Vauthey, Thomas A. Aloia, Claudius Conrad, Yun Shin Chun, Allan Andresson Lima Pereira, Zhiqin Jiang, Shadarra Crosby, Steven Wei, Kanwal Pratap Singh Raghav, Van Karlyle Morris, Michelle Tan, Annie Maslan, AmirAli Talasaz, Stefanie Mortimer, Scott Kopetz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

3522 Background: Preliminary data suggests that ctDNA can serve as a marker of minimal residual disease following colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor resection. Applicability of current ctDNA testing is limited by the requirement of sequencing known individual tumor mutations. We explored the applicability of a multi-gene panel ctDNA detection technology in CRC. Methods: Plasma was prospectively collected from CRC patients (pts) undergoing hepatic resections with curative intent between 1/2013 to 9/2016. In a blinded manner 5ml of preoperative (preop) and immediate post-operative (postop) plasma were tested using a novel 30kb ctDNA digital sequencing panel (Guardant Health) covering SNVs in 21 genes and indels in 9 genes based on the landscape of genomic alterations in ctDNA from over 10,000 advanced cancer pts with a high theoretical sensitivity (96%) for CRC. Median unique molecule coverage for this study is 9000 for cfDNA inputs ranging from 10 – 150 ng (media input preop = 27 ng, median input postop = 49 ng) with 120,000X sequencing depth on an IIlumina HiSeq2500. Results: A total of 54 pts underwent liver metastectomies with curative intent with a median follow-up of 33 months. Preop blood was a median of 49 days from last systemic chemotherapy and 3 days prior to surgery; postop blood was a median of 17 days after resection. Tumor mutations from standard of care hotspot multigene panel testing (at MDACC) were identified in 46 of 54 pts (85%). Preop ctDNA mutation detection rate was 80% (43/54) and 44% (24/54) in postop setting, with postop median allele frequency of 0.16% (range 0.01% to 20%). In pts with a minimum of 1 year follow up, sensitivity of postop ctDNA for residual disease was 58% (95%CI; 41%-74%), and specificity was 100% (66%-100%). In 43 patients who underwent successful resection of all visible disease, postop detection of ctDNA significantly correlated with RFS (P = 0.002, HR 3.1; 95% CI 1.7-9.1) with 2-year RFS of 0% vs. 47%. Recurrence was detected in ctDNA a median of 5.1 months prior to radiographic recurrence. Conclusions: The detection of postop ctDNA using an NGS panel-based approach is feasible and is associated with a very high rate of disease recurrence.
Immunomodulatory liposomes targeting liver macrophages arrest progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Muralidhara Rao Maradana, Suman Kumar Yekollu, Bijun Zeng, Jonathan Ellis, Andrew Clouston, Gregory Miller, Meghna Talekar, Zaied Ahmed Bhuyan, Sachin Mahadevaiah, Elizabeth E. Powell, Katharine M. Irvine, Ranjeny Thomas, Brendan John O'Sullivan
Journal: Metabolism (2017)
Rapid antigen tests for dengue virus serotypes and Zika virus in patient serum
Authors: Irene Bosch, Helena de Puig, Megan Hiley, Marc Carré-Camps, Federico Perdomo-Celis, Carlos F. Narváez, Doris M. Salgado, Dewahar Senthoor, Madeline O’Grady, Elizabeth Phillips, Ann Durbin, Diana Fandos, Hikaru Miyazaki, Chun-Wan Yen, Margarita Gélvez-Ramírez, Rajas V. Warke, Lucas S. Ribeiro, Mauro M. Teixeira, Roque P. Almeida, José E. Muñóz-Medina, Juan E. Ludert, Mauricio L. Nogueira, Tatiana E. Colombo, Ana C. B. Terzian, Patricia T. Bozza, Andrea S. Calheiros, Yasmine R. Vieira, Giselle Barbosa-Lima, Alexandre Vizzoni, José Cerbino-Neto, Fernando A. Bozza, Thiago M. L. Souza, Monique R. O. Trugilho, Ana M. B. de Filippis, Patricia C. de Sequeira, Ernesto T. A. Marques, Tereza Magalhaes, Francisco J. Díaz, Berta N. Restrepo, Katerine Marín, Salim Mattar, Daniel Olson, Edwin J. Asturias, Mark Lucera, Mohit Singla, Guruprasad R. Medigeshi, Norma de Bosch, Justina Tam, Jose Gómez-Márquez, Charles Clavet, Luis Villar, Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli, Lee Gehrke
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2017)

A low-cost, equipment-free rapid antigen test distinguishes dengue virus serotypes and Zika virus in patient sera without detectable cross-reactivity.