tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Androgen receptor functions as transcriptional repressor of cancer-associated fibroblast activation
Authors: Andrea Clocchiatti, Soumitra Ghosh, Maria-Giuseppina Procopio, Luigi Mazzeo, Pino Bordignon, Paola Ostano, Sandro Goruppi, Giulia Bottoni, Atul Katarkar, Mitchell Levesque, Peter Kölblinger, Reinhard Dummer, Victor Neel, Berna C. Özdemir, G. Paolo Dotto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

The aging-associated increase of cancer risk is linked with stromal fibroblast senescence and concomitant cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) activation. Surprisingly little is known about the role of androgen receptor (AR) signaling in this context. We have found downmodulated AR expression in dermal fibroblasts underlying premalignant skin cancer lesions (actinic keratoses and dysplastic nevi) as well as in CAFs from the 3 major skin cancer types, squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), basal cell carcinomas, and melanomas. Functionally, decreased AR expression in primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) from multiple individuals induced early steps of CAF activation, and in an orthotopic skin cancer model, AR loss in HDFs enhanced tumorigenicity of SCC and melanoma cells. Forming a complex, AR converged with CSL/RBP-Jκ in transcriptional repression of key CAF effector genes. AR and CSL were positive determinants of each other's expression, with BET inhibitors, which counteract the effects of decreased CSL, restoring AR expression and activity in CAFs. Increased AR expression in these cells overcame the consequences of CSL loss and was by itself sufficient to block the growth and tumor-enhancing effects of CAFs on neighboring cancer cells. As such, the findings establish AR as a target for stroma-focused cancer chemoprevention and treatment.
An open-label randomized controlled trial of low-dose corticosteroid plus enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium versus standard corticosteroid treatment for minimal change nephrotic syndrome in adults (MSN Study)
Authors: Philippe Rémy, Vincent Audard, Pierre André Natella, Gaëlle Pelle, Bertrand Dussol, Helene Leray-Moragues, Cecile Vigneau, Khedidja Bouachi, Jacques Dantal, Laurence Vrigneaud, Alexandre Karras, Frank Pourcine, Philippe Gatault, Philippe Grimbert, Nawelle Ait Sahlia, Anissa Moktefi, Eric Daugas, Claire Rigothier, Sylvie Bastuji-Garin, Dil Sahali, Jean Claude Aldigier, Pierre Bataille, Bernard Canaud, Dominique Chauveau, Christian Combe, Gabriel Choukroun, Emilie Cornec-Legall, Karine Dahan, Michel Delahousse, Dominique Desvaux, Patrice Deteix, Antoine Durrbach, Vincent Esnault, Marie Essig, Patrick Fievet, Thierry Frouget, Dominique Guerrot, Michel Godin, Annie Gontiers-Picard, Morgane Gosselin, Catherine Hanrotel-Saliou, Anne-Elisabeth Heng, Antoine Huart, Antoine Humbert, Tomek Kofman, Aurélie Hummel, Philippe Lang, Maurice Laville, Yannick Lemeur, Paolo Malvezzi, Marie Matignon, Rafik Mesbah, Bruno Moulin, Sandrine Muller, Jerome Olagne, Agathe Pardon, François Provot, Guillaume Queffeulou, Emmanuelle Plaisier, Quentin Raimbourg, Philippe Rieu, Thomas Stehlé, Philippe Vanhille
Journal: Kidney International (2018)
18F-FDG PET/CT of Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Thyroglossal Duct Cyst
Authors: Albert J. Moreno, Bin Wang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

Thyroglossal duct cyst is a common congenital cyst in the neck. The incidence of primary carcinoma of the thyroglossal duct is less than 1% in all age groups. We present the case of a 63-year-old man with rapid expansion of a known thyroglossal duct cyst with mixed solid/cystic components. F-FDG PET/CT showed a large anterior neck mass with a non-FDG-avid cystic component and a hypermetabolic heterogeneous mass on the right side confirmed by histopathology to be squamous cell carcinoma. Although rare, F-FDG PET/CT can assist with evaluating the extent of malignant involvement in thyroglossal duct cyst squamous cell carcinoma.
Abstract 14907: Clinically Feasible Electronic Health Record Tool for Stratification of 1- to 3-Year Post-Myocardial Infarction Risk of Cardiovascular Events: The Intermountain Acute Coronary Syndromes Risk Scores
Authors: Benjamin D Horne, Joseph B Muhlestein, Durgesh Bhandary, Greta L Hoetzer, Naeem D Khan, Tami L Bair, Donald L Lappé
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Randomized trials report that prolonged (&gt;1 year) use of P2Y12 inhibitors with aspirin after myocardial infarction (MI) reduces stent thrombosis and cardiovascular (CV) events, including new MI, stroke, and CV death. Post-MI patients may benefit to a differing extent from long-term dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT); thus, a method is needed to identify those at higher risk of CV events. Hypothesis: A low-cost, easy-to-use, and highly predictive risk stratification tool can be created to differentiate risk of CV events 1-3 years after MI. Methods: Patients surviving ≥1 year after an index MI who had ≥1 additional risk factor for MI were studied. Cox regression models were used to derive sex-specific Intermountain Acute Coronary Syndromes (IMACS) risk scores in 70% of patients (N=1,342 females; 3,047 males). Validation of IMACS scores was performed in the other 30% of patients (N=576 females; 1,290 males). Variables used in model creation were age, troponin I, B-type natriuretic peptide, hemoglobin A1c, and all components of the lipid panel, complete blood count, and comprehensive metabolic panel. The primary end point was a composite of CV death, MI, or stroke. Results: Age averaged 68.7±12 and 69.8±12 for females in the derivation and validation groups, respectively, and 63.6±12 and 63.9±12 for males. IMACS scores ranged from 0-11 for females (grouping scores of 0-2, 3-6, and 7-11 into low-, moderate-, and high-risk) and 0-14 for males (0-2, 3-7, 8-14). In the validation groups, IMACS categories stratified CV event risk (Figure). IMACS c-statistics for females were c=0.675 and c=0.734 in derivation and validation groups, respectively, and for males c=0.715 and c=0.672. Conclusion: Sex-specific IMACS risk scores strongly stratified 1- to 3-year post-MI risk of CV events. IMACS is an inexpensive electronic health record tool that empowers the evaluation of which post-MI patients may be the best candidates for more aggressive therapeutic management.
Abstract 12048: Minimally Invasive Access for Aortic Valve Surgery in Octogenarians: Is it Still Justified in the Days of TAVI ?
Authors: Udo Boeken, Sudharson Rajah, Jan Philipp Minol, Payam Akhyari, Artur Lichtenberg
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Increasing life expectancy in the western world and improvements in surgical techniques and postoperative care have resulted in a significant number of patients aged over 80 undergoing cardiac operations. At times of transapical and transfemoral AVR we aimed to evaluate the feasibility of partial sternotomy for patients over 80 years of age and to compare these results with a historical group of octogenarians who underwent aortic valve surgery via full sternotomy in our department between 1998 and 2006. Methods: 72 of the 275 patients (26.2 %) who underwent aortic valve replacement (AVR) after partial sternotomy between 8/2009 and 05/2013 were octogenarians. Mean age was 83.1 ± 3.9 years (group ps). We compared this group with 165 patients (mean age 81.6 ± 3.1 years) who underwent AVR via full sternotomy between 1998 and 2006 (group fs). Results: ICU- and hospital stay were significantly reduced in patients with partial sternotomy (ps: 28 ± 9 hours, 12.8 ± 4.7 days vs. fs: 59 ± 15 h, 14.7 ± 3.5 d, p&lt;0.05). We found a higher in-hospital mortality in group fs, but without significance (4.2 vs. 2.8 % in ps). Duration of operation, of extracorporeal circulation, and of aortic cross-clamping was tendentially prolonged in patients with partial sternotomy (p&gt;0.05). Necessity for re-operation due to bleeding was comparable in both groups (ps: 2.8 % vs. fs: 3.0 %). The incidence of postoperative complications did not differ significantly between both groups: neurological complications (ps: 2.8 vs. fs: 3.0 %), sternal wound infections (2.8 % vs. 2.4 %) and postoperative LCOS (4.2 % vs. 5.5 %). Conclusions: We could prove the feasibility of ministernotomy for aortic valve surgery for patients over 80 years of age. Despite a tendentially prolonged duration of surgery compared to procedures via full sternotomy, we found a comparable morbidity and a reduced mortality after partial sternotomy. From an economic perspective, the reduction of intensive care unit- and hospital stay after minimally invasive access was the most interesting finding. Moreover, our results after minimally invasive AVR have to be considered carefully when selecting patients for a conventional or for a TAVI procedure.
Reporting and Dissemination of Clinical Trials in Neurology—Reply
Authors: Anirudh Sreekrishnan
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Current Management of Small Renal Masses, Including Patient Selection, Renal Tumor Biopsy, Active Surveillance, and Thermal Ablation
Authors: Alejandro Sanchez, Adam S. Feldman, A. Ari Hakimi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

Renal cancer represents 2% to 3% of all cancers, and its incidence is rising. The increased use of ultrasonography and cross-sectional imaging has resulted in the clinical dilemma of incidentally detected small renal masses (SRMs). SRMs represent a heterogeneous group of tumors that span the full spectrum of metastatic potential, including benign, indolent, and more aggressive tumors. Currently, no composite model or biomarker exists that accurately predicts the diagnosis of kidney cancer before treatment selection, and the use of renal mass biopsy remains controversial. The management of SRMs has changed dramatically over the last two decades as our understanding of tumor biology and competing risks of mortality in this population has improved. In this review, we critically assess published consensus guidelines and recent literature on the diagnosis and management of SRMs, with a focus on patient treatment selection and use of renal mass biopsy, active surveillance, and thermal ablation. Finally, we highlight important opportunities for leveraging recent research discoveries to identify patients with SRMs at high risk for renal cell carcinoma-related mortality and minimize overtreatment and patient morbidity.
Abstract P027: Time-updated Premature Ventricular Contractions on 12-lead ECG Are Associated With the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study and Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Abhishek Maan, David M German, Aron Bender, Srini V Mukundan, Colleen Sitlani, Jason Thomas, Christopher Hamilton, Wendy Post, Tor Biering-Sørensen, Scott Solomon, Elsayed Z Soliman, Nona Sotoodehnia, David S Siscovick, Larisa G Tereshchenko
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: The association between premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) remains controversial. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that PVCs are associated with SCD. Methods: Presence of PVCs was detected on 12-lead ECG recorded at baseline or any of 4 follow-up visits in 15,667 participants (pts) (mean age: 54.2 + 5.8 Yrs; 55% female; 73% Whites) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. For validation cohort, we included baseline and 9 follow-up visits ECG data in 5,846 pts (mean age: 72.8+ 5.6 yrs; 57.7% female, 84.2% whites) from Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). Competing risk analyses models were constructed to test the association between time-updated PVCs and SCD risk. Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, race and study center. Model 2 in addition was adjusted for time-updated coronary heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke, and hypertension. Results: In ARIC pts, across all study visits, PVCs were observed in 2.6% of the ECGs; 99.7% of pts were PVC-free at least once; 8.8% of pts had PVC at least once. 97.7% of pts without PVCs remained PVC-free at the next visit; 19.1% of pts with detected PVC had PVC at the next visit; 2.4% of pts who were PVC-free on previous ECG, transitioned to having PVC on subsequent visit ECG. In CHS, across all 10 yearly study visits, on average, PVC was observed on 4.85% of ECG recordings; 99.4% of participants were PVC-free at least once; 21.9% of pts had PVC at least once. 96.4% of PVC-free pts remained free from PVC at the next visit. 30.6% of pts with detected PVC on a given ECG had PVC at the next visit. 3.6% of pts who did not have PVC on previous ECG, transitioned to having PVC at the next visit. 69.4% of pts with PVC on a given ECG transitioned to being PVC-free next year. In adjusted competing risk analysis PVC was associated with SCD, but not with non-sudden cardiac death or non-cardiac death (Table). Conclusions: Time-updated presence of PVC on a short 10-sec resting 12-lead ECG is associated with SCD.
医生，我的症状还会再次发生吗？ 第一次癫痫样发作的预后
Authors: Mike, Crilly, 沈平虎（译）
Journal: BMJ (2005)

背景 苏珊和母亲在周一上午门诊快结束的时候来就诊。就在上周五傍晚，22岁的苏珊一个人在厨房里时，她母亲突然听到了碗碟打碎的声音，急忙赶过去发现，苏珊躺在地上，意识丧失，四肢抖动，小便失禁。几分钟后症状消失，但她仍然昏昏欲睡、意识不清。苏珊没有定期服药史，没有严重疾病，也没有酗酒或吸毒史，这是她第一次出现这种情况。她在当地医院的急诊科接受了诊治，但血液化验、心电图及体格检查完全正常，医生允许她回家修养，并告诉她不能驾车，而且要定期在神经科门诊复查。
A Phase 1 Study Investigating AFM11 in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory B Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Preliminary Results
Authors: Galina Salogub, Jiri Mayer, Frantisek Folber, Sebastian Grosicki, Aleksander B Skotnicki, Anna Prochwicz, Alexander Myasnikov, Alexander Gural, Oliver Schoenborn-Kellenberger, Charlie Brindley, Stefan Knackmuss, Sylvia Schwarz, Sandra Schmich, Cassandra Choe-Juliak, Andras Strassz, Leila Alland, Michael Doubek
Journal: Blood (2018)
Dual-Phase 18F-FP-CIT PET in Corticobasal Syndrome
Authors: Je Hong Min, Dong Gyu Park, Jung Han Yoon, Young Sil An
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

Corticobasal syndrome is the most common phenotype of corticobasal degeneration (CBD). F-FP-CIT PET and MRI are not helpful in distinguishing CBD from idiopathic Parkinson disease. Dual-phase F-FP-CIT PET is a recently developed imaging that shows regional cerebral perfusion in the early phase and dopamine transporter density in the late phase. We investigated the usefulness of dual-phase F-FP-CIT PET imaging in 3 patients with corticobasal syndrome. This image highlights that the early phases of F-FP-CIT PET may reflect regional cerebral perfusion with a pattern very similar to that of regional glucose metabolism in CBD.
Clonal expansion and compartmentalized maintenance of rhesus macaque NK cell subsets
Authors: Chuanfeng Wu, Diego A. Espinoza, Samson J. Koelle, Di Yang, Lauren Truitt, Heinrich Schlums, Bernard A. Lafont, Jan K. Davidson-Moncada, Rong Lu, Amitinder Kaur, Quirin Hammer, Brian Li, Sandhya Panch, David A. Allan, Robert E. Donahue, Richard W. Childs, Chiara Romagnani, Yenan T. Bryceson, Cynthia E. Dunbar
Journal: Science Immunology (2018)

Natural killer (NK) cells recognize and eliminate infected and malignant cells. Their life histories are poorly understood, particularly in humans, due to lack of informative models and endogenous clonal markers. Here, we apply transplantation of barcoded rhesus macaque hematopoietic cells to interrogate the landscape of NK cell production, expansion, and life histories at a clonal level long term and after proliferative challenge. We identify oligoclonal populations of rhesus CD56-CD16+ NK cells that are characterized by marked expansions and contractions over time yet remained long-term clonally uncoupled from other hematopoietic lineages, including CD56+CD16- NK cells. Individual or groups of CD56-CD16+ expanded clones segregated with surface expression of specific killer immunoglobulin-like receptors. These clonally distinct NK cell subpopulation patterns persisted for more than 4 years, including after transient in vivo anti-CD16-mediated depletion and subsequent regeneration. Profound and sustained interleukin-15-mediated depletion was required to generate new oligoclonal CD56-CD16+ NK cells. Together, our results indicate that linear NK cell production from multipotent hematopoietic progenitors or less mature CD56+CD16- cells is negligible during homeostasis and moderate proliferative stress. In such settings, peripheral compartmentalized self-renewal can maintain the composition of distinct, differentiated NK cell subpopulations.
Britain’s deprived areas have five times as many fast food shops as rich areas
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Unhealthy high street businesses such as fast food outlets, tanning salons, and bookmakers are concentrated in areas of the country that already have high levels of deprivation, obesity, and lower life expectancy, a new analysis shows.

The Royal Society for Public Health has ranked 70 towns and cities in Britain on the basis of prevalence of different types of businesses found in their core retail area.1 Towns and cities in the north of England and the Midlands topped the rankings for unhealthiest “high streets,” with Grimsby rated the worst (box 1). Edinburgh was rated as the healthiest in the report. The …
Complementary Molecular and Metabolic Characterization of Meningiomas With DOTATATE and FDG-PET
Authors: Michael S. Dressen, Ashok Muthukrishnan, Tyson R. Tragon, Frank S. Lieberman, James M. Mountz
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

Ga-DOTATATE imaging for meningiomas is gaining clinical use for selecting patients that may benefit from targeted therapy (eg, Lu-DOTATATE). We present an image of a 67-year-old man with an intracranial WHO grade III anaplastic meningioma. He underwent tumor resection followed by intensity-modulated radiation therapy but experienced a recurrence 25 months later. He received an F-(FDG) and Ga-DOTATATE PET/MR to evaluate for the presence of somatostatin receptor expression and guide subsequent treatment. The scans showed both concordant and discordant regions of uptake, indicating that high somatostatin receptor (SSTR2) expression may not coincide with areas of increased metabolic rate.
Development and Validation of a Novel Signature to Predict Overall Survival in “Driver Gene–negative” Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD): Results of a Multicenter Study
Authors: Yongmei Cui, Wenfeng Fang, Chaofeng Li, Kejing Tang, Jian Zhang, Yiyan Lei, Weiling He, Sui Peng, Ming Kuang, Hui Zhang, Lili Chen, Di Xu, Cuilan Tang, Wenhui Zhang, Yuxin Zhu, Wenting Jiang, Neng Jiang, Yu Sun, Yangshan Chen, Han Wang, Yingrong Lai, Shuhua Li, Qiong He, Jianwen Zhou, Yang Zhang, Millicent Lin, Honglei Chen, Chenzhi Zhou, Chunlin Wang, Jianhong Wang, Xuenong Zou, Liantang Wang, Zunfu Ke
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Purpose: Examining the role of developmental signaling pathways in “driver gene–negative” lung adenocarcinoma (patients with lung adenocarcinoma negative for EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, HER2, MET, ALK, RET, and ROS1 were identified as “driver gene–negative”) may shed light on the clinical research and treatment for this lung adenocarcinoma subgroup. We aimed to investigate whether developmental signaling pathways activation can stratify the risk of “driver gene–negative” lung adenocarcinoma. Experimental Design: In the discovery phase, we profiled the mRNA expression of each candidate gene using genome-wide microarrays in 52 paired lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent normal tissues. In the training phase, tissue microarrays and LASSO Cox regression analysis were applied to further screen candidate molecules in 189 patients, and we developed a predictive signature. In the validation phase, one internal cohort and two external cohorts were used to validate our novel prognostic signature. Results: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis based on whole-genome microarrays indicated that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was activated in “driver gene–negative” lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway–based gene expression profiles revealed 39 transcripts differentially expressed. Finally, a Wnt/β-catenin pathway–based CSDW signature comprising 4 genes (CTNNB1 or β-catenin, SOX9, DVL3, and Wnt2b) was developed to classify patients into high-risk and low-risk groups in the training cohort. Patients with high-risk scores in the training cohort had shorter overall survival [HR, 10.42; 6.46–16.79; P &amp;lt; 0.001) than patients with low-risk scores. Conclusions: The CSDW signature is a reliable prognostic tool and may represent genes that are potential drug targets for “driver gene–negative” lung adenocarcinoma.
Abstract 18550: Incidence and Effect of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Maria Drakopoulou, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Archontoula Michelongona, Konstantinos Stathogiannis, George Latsios, Andreas Synetos, George Trantalis, George Lazaros, Eleftherios Tsiamis, Dimitrios Tousoulis
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Limited data are available regarding the decrease in pulmonary artery systolic pressure in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Moreover, there are stil...
Genetic Basis of Severe Childhood-Onset Cardiomyopathies
Authors: Catalina Vasilescu, Tiina H. Ojala, Virginia Brilhante, Simo Ojanen, Helena M. Hinterding, Eino Palin, Tero-Pekka Alastalo, Juha Koskenvuo, Anita Hiippala, Eero Jokinen, Timo Jahnukainen, Jouko Lohi, Jaana Pihkala, Tiina A. Tyni, Christopher J. Carroll, Anu Suomalainen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Abstract 16952: Stent Geometry and Radial Force Comparison of Portico vs CoreValve
Authors: Saravana Kumar, Bruce Moseman, Kristopher Vietmeier
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Nitinol is a stent frame material used in self-expandable valves for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The design & processing of nitinol affects stent radial forces, and t...
A new ProTide, NUC-1031, combined with cisplatin for the first-line treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer (ABC-08)
Authors: M.G. McNamara, J. Bridgewater, D. Palmer, H. Wasan, W.D. Ryder, C. Gnanaranjan, E. Ghazaly, T.R.J. Evans, J.W. Valle
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Upsurge in echovirus 30 detections in five EU/EEA countries, April to September, 2018
Authors: Eeva K Broberg, Benedetto Simone, Josep Jansa
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2018)

An upsurge in Echovirus 30 (E30) infections, associated with meningitis/meningoencephalitis, has been observed in Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden in the period April to September 2018, compared with 2015-2017. In total, 658 E30 infections among 4,537 enterovirus infections were detected in 15 countries between January and September 2018 and affected mainly newborns and 26-45 year-olds. National public health institutes are reminded to remain vigilant and inform clinicians of the ongoing epidemic.