tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neural Regulation of Growth Hormone Secretion
Authors: Joseph B. Martin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

IN the decade since Glick and his co-workers1 first described a reliable radioimmunoassay for measurement of growth hormone (GH) in plasma, considerable information has accumulated concerning the factors that control the secretion of this hormone. Thus, it has been shown that fasting, stress, onset of sleep, arginine infusion, alterations in protein intake, changes in plasma glucose levels, and the administration of l-dopa, glucagon or vasopressin all acutely affect plasma GH levels. Reviews of the effects of many of these factors on GH secretion have recently appeared (Glick2 and Brown and Reichlin3). Although the physiologic importance of many of these . . .
Outbreak of Zika virus infection in Singapore: an epidemiological, entomological, virological, and clinical analysis
Authors: Zheng Jie Marc Ho, Hapuarachchige Chanditha Hapuarachchi, Timothy Barkham, Angela Chow, Lee Ching Ng, Jian Ming Vernon Lee, Yee Sin Leo, Kiesha Prem, Yue Hui Georgina Lim, Paola F de Sessions, Maia A Rabaa, Chee Seng Chong, Cheong Huat Tan, Jayanthi Rajarethinam, Junhao Tan, Danielle E Anderson, Xinmei Ong, Alex R Cook, Chia Yin Chong, Li Yang Hsu, Grace Yap, Yee Ling Lai, Tanu Chawla, Louise Pan, Shuzhen Sim, I-Cheng Mark Chen, Koh Cheng Thoon, Chee Fu Yung, Jia Hui Li, Hee Ling Deborah Ng, Khine Nandar, Peng Lim Ooi, Raymond Tzer Pin Lin, Pauline Aw, Anna Uehara, Partha Pratim De, Wendy Soon, Martin Lloyd Hibberd, Huck Hui Ng, Sebastian Maurer-Stroh, October M Sessions
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2017)
Racial/ethnicity disparities in the association between diabetes and pancreatic cancer in the elderly Medicare population.
Authors: Z Kevin Lu, Jing Yuan, Minghui Li, Charles L. Bennett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e17596 Background: Although the relationship between diabetes and risk of pancreatic cancer are well-documented, limited research has examined whether racial/ethnicity differences accounted for the association between diabetes and pancreatic cancer. The aims of this study were to 1) assess whether diabetes is associated with pancreatic cancer in the elderly Medicare population, and 2) identify if any racial/ethnicity disparities exist in the association between diabetes and pancreatic cancer. Methods: In a retrospective cross-sectional study, community-dwelling and institutionalized Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 or over without health maintenance organization enrollment from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) from 2001 to 2010 were included. The outcome of the study was pancreatic cancer; and the key explanatory variables were diabetes and race/ethnicity. Potential confounders considered included age, gender, education, marital status, income, residence area, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and use of preventive services. The International Classification of Diseases-9 codes were used to identify the outcome and explanatory variables from the Medicare Part A and B claims. Logistic regressions were performed to estimate the association between diabetes and pancreatic cancer. Results: A total of 98,966 person-years of elderly Medicare beneficiaries were included in the analysis. After controlling for potential confounders, the association between diabetes and pancreatic cancer was statistically significant (odds ratio [OR], 3.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.07-4.77). Compared to non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.15-1.20) and Hispanics (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.33-1.85) had similar risks of pancreatic cancer. Conclusions: This study found that diabetes is associated with pancreatic cancer in the elderly Medicare population. However, racial/ethnicity differences do not explain the association between diabetes and pancreatic cancer.
Gastric Cancer as Preventable Disease
Authors: Massimo Rugge, Robert M. Genta, Francesco Di Mario, Emad M. El-Omar, Hashem B. El-Serag, Matteo Fassan, Richard H. Hunt, Ernst J. Kuipers, Peter Malfertheiner, Kentaro Sugano, David Y. Graham
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2017)
Part 1: Executive Summary
Authors: John M. Field, Mary Fran Hazinski, Michael R. Sayre, Leon Chameides, Stephen M. Schexnayder, Robin Hemphill, Ricardo A. Samson, John Kattwinkel, Robert A. Berg, Farhan Bhanji, Diana M. Cave, Edward C. Jauch, Peter J. Kudenchuk, Robert W. Neumar, Mary Ann Peberdy, Jeffrey M. Perlman, Elizabeth Sinz, Andrew H. Travers, Marc D. Berg, John E. Billi, Brian Eigel, Robert W. Hickey, Monica E. Kleinman, Mark S. Link, Laurie J. Morrison, Robert E. O'Connor, Michael Shuster, Clifton W. Callaway, Brett Cucchiara, Jeffrey D. Ferguson, Thomas D. Rea, Terry L. Vanden Hoek
Journal: Circulation (2010)

The goal of therapy for bradycardia or tachycardia is to rapidly identify and treat patients who are hemodynamically unstable or symptomatic due to the arrhythmia. Drugs or, when appropriate, pacing may be used to control unstable or symptomatic bradycardia. Cardioversion or drugs or both may be used to control unstable or symptomatic tachycardia. ACLS providers should closely monitor stable patients pending expert consultation and should be prepared to aggressively treat those with evidence of decompensation.
Immune plasma for the treatment of severe influenza: an open-label, multicentre, phase 2 randomised study
Authors: John H Beigel, Pablo Tebas, Marie-Carmelle Elie-Turenne, Ednan Bajwa, Todd E Bell, Charles B Cairns, Shmuel Shoham, Jaime G Deville, Eric Feucht, Judith Feinberg, Thomas Luke, Kanakatte Raviprakash, Janine Danko, Dorothy O'Neil, Julia A Metcalf, Karen King, Timothy H Burgess, Evgenia Aga, H Clifford Lane, Michael D Hughes, Richard T Davey, Pablo Tebas, Joseph Quinn, Yan Jiang, Marie-Carmelle Elie-Turenne, Robyn Hoelle, Nicole Iovine, Robert Shawn Wills, Socorro Pata, Monique Huggins, Belinda Manukian, Ednan Bajwa, Carrie Holland, Kelsey Brait, Taylor Hunt, Christopher Stowell, Amy Slater, Todd E Bell, Mary Townsends, Charles B Cairns, Eugenia B Quackenbush, Yara A Park, Paul Gaither Jordan, Cherie Blanchet, Kevin Chronowski, Kathleen Alvarez, Shmuel Shoham, Darin Ostrander, Terry Woessner, Sandra Thoman, Jaime G Deville, James Lin, Alyssa Ziman, Kavita Shankar, Eric Feucht, Tom Blok, Don Batts, Bob Beck, Gail Massey, Carol Bradley, Judith Feinberg, Patricia Carey, Jenifer Baer, Eva Moore Whitehead, Sharon Kohrs, Robert Giulitto, Christina Schofield, Mary Fairchok, Susan Chambers, Cindy Baker, None RN, Michelle Parker, Marta Harshbarger, M Hong Nguyen, Mary Ellen Carey, Julie Paronish, Frank Cornell, Jim Cramer, Diana Lynn Pakstis, Michael G Ison, Richard Wunderink, Marshall Glesby, Kirsis Ham, Valery Hughes, Melissa Cushing, Cheryl Goss, Joanne Grenade, Pauline K Park, Lena M Napolitano, Krishnan Raghavendran, Robert C Hyzy, Robertson Davenport, Kristin Brierley, Theresa Downs, Michelle Ng Gong, Joan Uehlinger, Michael Lin, Janice Fritsche, Tondria Green, Bruce McLeod, Deena Patel, Mary F Bavaro, Robert Deiss, Carolyn Brandt, Stephanie Cammarata, Allan Kremp, Karine Hollis-Perry, Tahaniyat Lalani, Susan Banks, Jacqueline Johnson, Jason Maguire, Janet McNiff, Leslie E Rigg, Anuradha Ganesan, Irma Barahona, Janine Danko, Steven Spencer, David Stagliano, Timothy Burgess, Daniel Talmor, Monique Mohammed, Valerie Banner-Goodspeed, Robert Salata, Robert Finberg, Jennifer Wang, Karen Longtine, Jaclyn Longtine, Mellissa O'Neil, Philippe R Bauer, Ognjen Gajic, Suanne M Weist, Jonathan Sevransky, Mona Brown, John Roback, John Oropello, Bridget Twohig, Jeffrey Jhang, Rahgu Seethala, Wilbur H Chen, Magali Fontaine, Kapil Saharia, Jennifer Husson, Roberta DeBiasi, Jurran L Wilson, Valli Ree Criss, Jocelyn Voell, Susan Leitman, James Wade Atkins, Hemaxi Patel, Traci Paige, Cathy Cantilena, Donald Siegel, Faye DeMuth, Craig H Fletcher, J Peter R Pelletier, Hassan Alnuaimat, Michelle Pourde
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2017)
Erratum: Corrigendum: Six new loci associated with blood low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or triglycerides in humans
Authors: Sekar Kathiresan, Olle Melander, Candace Guiducci, Aarti Surti, Noël P Burtt, Mark J Rieder, Gregory M Cooper, Charlotta Roos, Benjamin F Voight, Aki S Havulinna, Björn Wahlstrand, Thomas Hedner, Dolores Corella, E Shyong Tai, Jose M Ordovas, Göran Berglund, Erkki Vartiainen, Pekka Jousilahti, Bo Hedblad, Marja-Riitta Taskinen, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Veikko Salomaa, Leena Peltonen, Leif Groop, David M Altshuler, Marju Orho-Melander
Journal: Nature Genetics (2008)
Regional Variation across the United States in the Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Louise Pilote, Robert M. Califf, Shelly Sapp, Dave P. Miller, Daniel B. Mark, W. Douglas Weaver, Joel M. Gore, Paul W. Armstrong, E. Magnus Ohman, Eric J. Topol
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Differences in the management of acute myocardial infarction have been reported among countries, but few studies have investigated this issue in regions of the United States.
Breast cancer in adolescent and young adult women: Are there delays in treatment?
Authors: Laura Kruper, Allison DiPasquale, Leanne Goldstein, Philip HG Iruarte, Lesley Taylor, Courtney Vito, John Hosei Yim, Joanne E. Mortimer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e12085 Background: Adolescent and young adult women (AYAs), defined as ages of 15-39, account for 7% of breast cancer cases each year. Previous studies demonstrate AYAs present with later stage have more aggressive tumor subtypes and poorer 5-year survival rates. It has been suggested that AYAs experience delays in treatment which impact survival. Our objective was to determine if AYAs have treatment delays. Methods: Women with stage I-IV breast cancer diagnosed between 2004 and 2011 were identified from the California Cancer Registry. We analyzed time from diagnosis to treatment (chemotherapy or earliest surgery). We report summary statistics and the results of a multiple Cox Proportional Hazards Model adjusting for age 40+ or less than 40, year of diagnosis, stage, race/ethnicity, insurance, and ER status. Significance level of .05 was used. Results: 150,725 female Stage I-IV breast cancer patients with known ER status were identified. 3,550 (2.4%) patients did not undergo treatment and were excluded. Among those who got treatment (N = 147,175), 12,747 (8.7%) received chemotherapy as initial therapy. Median time to treatment for AYAs was 23 days (12-38 days IQR), 27 days (14-42 IQR) for patients age 40-59 years, 27 days (15-42 IQR) for patients age 60-79 years, and 28 days (15-43 days IQR) for patients 80 years or older. In the Cox model, variables associated with earlier treatment initiation were younger age (15-39 years) (HR = 1.56, 95% CI:1.51-1.60) earlier time period of treatment (2004 vs 2011 HR = 1.41, 95% CI:1.38-1.44), earlier stage of disease (I vs IV HR = 2.13, 95% CI:2.07-2.20), white non-Hispanic race/ethnicity (HR = 1.20, 95% CI:1.12-1.29), private insurance (HR = 1.06, 95% CI:1.04-1.08) and ER negative breast cancer (HR = 1.13, 95% CI:1.11-1.14). All p-values were < 0.0001. Conclusions: Disparities in time to treatment exist. Yet contrary to current opinion, AYAs with breast cancer undergo initiation of treatment quicker than women > 40. Poorer survival in these patients is more likely due to later stage of presentation and more aggressive phenotypes. Our study findings point to a need to develop strategies for quicker recognition of cancer diagnoses in AYAs to detect earlier stage disease for improved survival outcomes in this population.
Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy
Authors: Ragnhild Husby
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1985)

Changes for 33 neurotic patients treated with short-term dynamic psychotherapy were compared as measured at 2 and 5 years after end of treatment. There were changes both in symptoms and in degree of insight as measured by a dynamic variable between the two follow-up points. Some of these changes could be due to spontaneous remission and further therapy, but this could not explain all changes. Dynamic changes measured at 2-year follow-up persisted throughout the whole follow-up period. Some patients with mere symptom relief at 2-year follow-up got their symptoms back while others changed dynamically. Thus effect of short-term dynamic psychotherapy may occur even after 2 years after the end of treatment.
Infratemporal fossa clearance for oral squamous cancer: Is it time to shift the paradigm.
Authors: Bhavesh Amarnath Bang, Pattatheyil Arun, Rajeev Sharan, Sanjoy Chatterjee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e17047 Background: Oral squamous cell cancer in India accounts for over 30% of all cancers. In comparison to west, patients in India usually present at advanced stage. Oral cancer involving the infratemporal fossa (ITF), a part of masticator space, is classified as very advanced local disease (T4b) and is traditionally considered unresectable. Methods: Retrospective analysis of records of 47 patients who underwent ITF clearance for very advanced oral cancer. Results: 47 patients with stage T4b(excluding skull base & carotid artery invasion) oral cancer underwent surgery between Aug 2011 to Aug 2013. M: F ratio was 2.9: 1. Mean age was 52 yrs (range: 27-74 yrs). Six patients were operated for recurrent tumor while 6 patients had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. All patients underwent wide excision of tumor with ITF clearance (medial & lateral pterygoid muscles with mandibular nerve) and neck dissection (except for 3 patients who had neck surgery earlier). Three patients had microscopic positive margins (R1 resection). Re-exploration because of secondary hemorrhage from ITF was required in 3 patients. Adjuvant treatment was given to 39 patients (83%) (radiation in 24, chemo-radiation in 15). After a median follow up of 17 months (range 6-29 mo), 14 patients (30%) developed recurrence. Four patients had local recurrence in the ITF while 10 patients had regional recurrence or distant metastasis. Recurrence occurred in 9 out of 35 patients (26%) who had received no prior treatment, while in those receiving a preoperative therapy, 5 out of 12 patients had recurrence (42%). At the time of analysis, 28 patients (60%) had no disease, 5 were alive with recurrence, 2 were lost to follow up (different nationalities), 1 patient was salvaged surgically for recurrence and 11 patients (23%) had died. 8 patients died due to recurrence, 2 from complications related to adjuvant treatment and 1 from unrelated cause. On univariate analysis, prior treatment (p= 0.033) & presence of perineural invasion (p= 0.035) were found to be statistically significant factors for recurrence Conclusions: Clearance of ITF in selected patients of advanced oral squamous cancer (T4b) is associated with improved outcome in cases which are considered to be otherwise unresectable.
Transmyocardial delivery of autologous bone marrow cells to activate angiogenesis in patients with chronic refractory myocardial ischemia.
Authors: G. Azzarello, B. Reimers, A. Porcellini, C. Ortolani, E. Balducci, E. Gazza, M.T. Valenti, A. Colombo, P. Pascotto, O. . Vinante
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2002)
miRNAs as biomarkers for the development of cancer of the uterine cervix
Authors: Sylvie Beaudenon, Laura Langfield, Bhavna Choudhury, Tim Davison, Jon Huibregtse, Emmanuel Labourier
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

A13  Introduction/Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cause of cancer in women worldwide, causing more than 230,000 deaths every year. Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the etiological agents of the vast majority (99.7%) of cervical cancers and their intraepithelial precursors. Early detection via routine cytological screenings (Pap smears) and HPV testing have lowered both the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer. However, significant problems and barriers remain, including the low predictive value of current testing. Additional diagnostic assays are needed that can assess the condition of the cervical tissue and clearly identify HPV infections that may progress to cervical cancer. Over the past few years, a growing body of literature has shown that microRNA expression is affected in cancer and that these small regulatory molecules may play a key role during tumorigenesis.  Materials and Methods: In order to investigate the role of miRNAs in cervical oncogenesis, we performed miRNA expression profiling analysis comparing normal cervix, cervical squamous cell carcinomas, normal adjacent tissues, and cervical cancer-derived cell lines. Total RNA was isolated from each sample using a method optimized for small RNA recovery. The miRNA population was further purified using a column-based gel purification method, and miRNA expression profiles were determined by hybridization of fluorescently labeled miRNAs to microarrays containing 377 individual miRNA probes. Array data were confirmed by qRT-PCR.  Results: We generated the first comprehensive miRNA expression profiles for normal cervix, cervical cancer, and pair-matched normal adjacent tissue, as well as cervical cancer-derived cell lines. A cervical miRNome was established by comparing miRNA expression in normal cervix samples with a reference set of 33 normal human tissues. We found specific miRNAs that are differentially expressed in cancer compared to normal adjacent tissue and normal cervix and confirmed their misexpression by qRT-PCR.  Conclusion: We characterized a miRNA expression signature associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix and identified 24 specific miRNAs deregulated in cervical cancers compared to normal cervix. These miRNAs may contribute to cervical oncogenesis and represent new candidates for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Phase II/III study of Auron Misheil Therapy (AMT) versus placebo to evaluate clinical benefit response (CBR) in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: J. Drevs, R. Lohrmann, F. Niazi, J. Scheele, K. Diergarten
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e20696 Background: CBR is used as clinical trial endpoint in patients (pts) with advanced cancers. Auron Misheil Therapy (AMT) contains approved pharmaceuticals in low therapeutic doses (human insulin and chlorpheniramine) and herbal components (aqueous camomile extract). Safety and CBR-efficacy of AMT have been confirmed in phase I and II trials. The multicenter randomized double blind phase III study AMT/P2CA/001 compares CBR efficacy and safety of AMT with placebo in patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods: Pts with inoperable advanced disease refractory to standard therapy or for which no standard therapy existed were included.. Pts were randomized to receive placebo or AMT (0.066 ml/kg body weight) twice daily i.m. Patients on placebo had the possibility to switch to AMT under certain conditions. CBR was evaluated after two weeks of treatment with randomized AMT/placebo and after two weeks of open AMT, confirmed 4 weeks later. One week screening period for the assessment of the baseline CBR was necessary. Results: 45 pts were evaluable in this first analysis for CBR at 2 and 6 weeks. 6 out of 45 patients showed an overall CBR response (response at week 2 and week 6). The general adverse event profile (related and not related events) reflects the advanced cancer disease of the patients, and no relevant differences were observed between the AMT-groups and the Placebo-group. The most serious adverse events under AMT were hypoglycaemia. Local side effects were slightly more frequent in the AMT arm. Conclusions: This study shows that CBR can be achieved with AMT after 2 respectively 6 weeks of treatment even in patients with advanced solid tumors and a clinically relevant number of patients seem to have a benefit from the study treatment. [Table: see text]
START2: Tecemotide in unresectable stage III NSCLC after first-line concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
Authors: Suresh S. Ramalingam, Paul Mitchell, Johan F. Vansteenkiste, Juergen Debus, Walter J. Curran, Mark A. Socinski, Christoph Helwig, Martin H. Falk, Charles Andrew Butts
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

TPS7608 Background: Tecemotide is an antigen-specific cancer immunotherapy targeting the mucinous glycoprotein MUC1, which is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated in a number of cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The START study evaluated tecemotide after first-line concurrent or sequential chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for unresectable stage III NSCLC (Butts et al, Lancet Oncol 2013). Though the primary endpoint was not achieved for the overall patient population, the predefined subset of 806 patients treated with concurrent CRT showed improved overall survival (OS; adjusted HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64–0.95; p=0.016). The pivotal phase III study START2 intends to confirm these results in patients having had initial concurrent CRT. Methods: START2 is a global, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled phase III trial investigating tecemotide in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC with stable disease or objective response after first-line concurrent CRT completed 4–12 weeks before randomization. Concurrent CRT is defined as ≥2 cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy that overlaps with radiotherapy (total tumor dose ≥60 Gy, single fraction dose ≥1.8 Gy); any other therapy for NSCLC constitutes an exclusion criterion. Patients will be stratified by response to CRT (stable disease or objective response) and region (North America and Australia; Western Europe; Rest of World), and randomized (1:1) to tecemotide (806 μg lipopeptide) or placebo. One low dose of i.v. cyclophosphamide (300 mg/m2) or saline will be given 3 days prior to the first dose of tecemotide or placebo, respectively. Eight weekly subcutaneous injections will be given initially, followed by 6-weekly injections until disease progression or discontinuation. The primary endpoint is OS time. Secondary endpoints are: time to symptom progression (Lung Cancer Symptom Scale), progression-free survival, time to progression, and safety. Approximately 1002 patients will be enrolled. Sample size was calculated for a hazard ratio of 0.77 corresponding to an increase in median OS from 20 to 26 months in the placebo/tecemotide arm, respectively, a power of 90%, and 1-sided significance level of 2.5%. Clinical trial information: NCT02049151.
International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Recommendations on the Diagnosis and Classification of Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

In the accompanying comment letter (1), Weinert summarizes published data from the Brazilian Gestational Diabetes Study (2) and comments on applying International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) Consensus Panel recommendations (3) for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to that cohort.

The Brazilian study provided evidence that adverse perinatal outcomes are associated with levels of maternal glycemia below those diagnostic of GDM by American Diabetes Association or World Health Organization criteria. However, the results were potentially confounded by the treatment of GDM. It did find that women with GDM were at increased risk for some …
Anti-MAdCAM antibody (PF-00547659) for ulcerative colitis (TURANDOT): a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Séverine Vermeire, William J Sandborn, Silvio Danese, Xavier Hébuterne, Bruce A Salzberg, Maria Klopocka, Dino Tarabar, Tomas Vanasek, Miloš Greguš, Paul A Hellstern, Joo Sung Kim, Miles P Sparrow, Kenneth J Gorelick, Michelle Hinz, Alaa Ahmad, Vivek Pradhan, Mina Hassan-Zahraee, Robert Clare, Fabio Cataldi, Walter Reinisch
Journal: The Lancet (2017)