tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HOUT-02. GAMMA KNIFE STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY FOR TREATMENT OF RECURRENT PITUITARY ONCOCYTOMA
Authors: John Lee, Andrea Arnett, Aditya Raghunathan, Michael Link, Bruce Pollock, Nadia N Laack
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Pituitary oncocytoma is a rare histologic variant typically affecting adults. The primary treatment for the majority of patients is transsphenoidal resection, but the rate of local recurrence after surgery is high. In this study we analyzed local control and toxicity in patients who underwent treatment with Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GK-SRS) for pituitary oncocytoma. This retrospective analysis included all patients (n=6) diagnosed with pituitary oncocytoma and treated with GK-SRS at our institution between 1990 and 2016. All GK-SRS was delivered in a single fraction. The median follow-up after GK-SRS was 32.4 months (range, 4.8-69.6). The primary outcome measures included tumor control and toxicity assessment. Statistical analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier estimates. Median age at diagnosis was 49 years (range, 40-78). All patients were initially treated with transsphenoidal resection. In addition, one patient received external beam radiation therapy prior to gamma knife treatment. The median tumor volume at GK-SRS was 4 cm3 (range, 1.8-8.4). The median tumor margin dose was 16.5 Gy (range, 14-18); the median maximum dose was 33 Gy (range, 23.3-36). The 2-year local tumor control rate was 50%. The primary morbidity after GK-SRS was new pituitary deficits, seen in one patient. Three of four patients with impaired vision prior to GK-SRS showed improved visual function after the procedure. GK-SRS can be safely performed for patients with recurrent or residual pituitary oncocytoma, however higher radiation doses may be needed to provide durable tumor control. GK-SRS should be considered an alternative to repeat surgical resection or external beam radiation therapy in the management of these difficult tumors.
Vigilancia de la exposición ocupacional a agentes patógenos transmitidos por sangre en personal sanitario: programa nacional italiano
Authors: G Ippolito, V Puro, N Petrosillo, G De Carli
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1999)

El personal sanitario se enfrenta a un importante riesgo de adquirir infecciones transmitidas por sangre, en particular el virus de la hepatitis B (VHB), de la hepatitis C (VHC) y el de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), todos los cuales estan asociados a una morbilidad y mortalidad significativa. En 1986, el centro coordinador del Estudio Italiano sobre riesgos ocupacionales de infeccion por VIH (Studio Italiano Rischio Occupazionale da VIH -SIROH-) puso en marcha en varios centros un estudio prospectivo multicentrico para estimar el riesgo de transmision de VIH y otros agentes patogenos transmisibles por sangre al personal sanitario tras una exposicion ocupacional a la sangre u otros componentes biologicos, y para identificar instrumentos, procedimientos y trabajos de alto riesgo en el entorno de la atencion sanitaria. Desde 1990, el centro coordinador dirige el Registro Italiano de profilaxis antiretroviral posterior a la exposicion con el fin de monitorizar el uso y la toxicidad a corto plazo de zidovudine (AZT) y, desde 1995, de la profilaxis antiretroviral de combinacion. Este articulo recoge una descripcion del SIROH y presenta resultados que ilustran el interes de este sistema.
CSIG-33. BETA 1 INTEGRIN INHIBITION IN HIGH-GRADE MENINGIOMA
Authors: Fares Nigim, Alessandra Gurtner, Priscilla Brastianos, Daniel Cahill, Samuel D Rabkin, Robert L Martuza, Shawn Carbonell, Hiroaki Wakimoto
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

High-grade meningiomas (HGM, World Health Organization classification grade II and III) have high relapse rates and poor clinical outcomes despite surgery and radiation treatments. Developing novel therapeutic strategies requires identification of molecules that drive progression of HGM. Beta 1 integrin (CD29) has been implicated in a variety of malignant characteristics in cancer that include tumor cell adhesion, proliferation and drug resistance. However, the role of beta 1 integrin in meningioma is not understood. We are studying the potential utility of targeting beta 1 integrin as a new approach to treat HGM. OS2966, a humanized antagonizing monoclonal antibody against beta 1 integrin, decreased phosphorylation of MAPK ERK1/2 in the NF2 wild-type IOMM-Lee malignant meningioma cell line and NF2-deficient primary culture tumor-sphere cells, MN3, that we established from a malignant meningioma patient (Nigim et al, Neuro-Oncology 2016). OS2966 inhibited Tyr397 phosphorylation of FAK, a shared downstream effector of NF2 and beta 1-integrin pathways, in MN3, but not in IOMM-Lee cells. In vitro cell viability assay demonstrated that OS2966 suppressed MN3 viability by 50% at 20 ug/ml, but had no effect on IOMM-Lee cell viability at up to 500 ug/ml. These data suggest that beta 1 integrin may promote tumorigenesis of a subset of HGM driven by NF2 loss and/or FAK activation, revealing a potential therapeutic target. We are currently studying anti-tumor effects of systemic administration of OS2966 in the orthotopic HGM model of MN3 in SCID mice, and plan to report results at the meeting.
Factors Associated With Increased US Health Care Spending
Authors: Patrick H. Conway
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EXTH-20. ENHANCEMENT OF GAP JUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY BY iPS CELL-DERIVED NEURAL STEM CELLS IN STEM CELL-BASED SUICIDE GENE THERAPY
Authors: Hiroaki Kenmochi, Tomohiro Yamasaki, Hiroki Namba
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Stem cell-based suicide gene therapy is a feasible treatment strategy for malignant brain tumors. The Mechanism includes several steps; (1) intratumorally implanted effector cells transduced with herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSVtk) gene migrate to the tumor site and form gap junctions; (2) systematically administrated ganciclovir (GCV), an antiviral agent, is converted to phosphorylated GCV by HSVtk, and transferred to the tumor cells via gap junction; and (3) GCV-triphosphate cause tumor cell death through DNA synthesis inhibition. HSVtk-transduced neural stem cells (NSCtk) are useful as effector cells because of their tumor tropic property and “bystander effect”. However the role of gap junctional activity in the bystander effect is not elucidated. In this study, we approach this theme with assessments of gap junctional function and amount of connexin 43(Cx43). Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived NSCs (iPS-NSCs) and mouse glioma cells (GL261) were used. The parachute assay with donor cells (iPS-NSCs or GL261) and recipient cells (GL261) were observed by flow cytometry and fluorescent microscope. Expression of Cx43 was assessed by immunocytochemistry and western blot in culture of GL261 alone and co-culture of iPS-NSC and GL261 for 3 days. Effector cells transduced with HSVtk gene (iPS-NSCtk and GL261tk) were co-cultured with GL261 cells in 5µg/ml of GCV. Cell viability was assessed on day 7 by MTT assay. Dye transfer from iPS-NSC to GL261 was stronger than that from GL261 to GL261. Expression of Cx43 was enhanced when iPS-NSC and GL261 were co-cultured compared with culture of GL261 alone. Finally, the bystander effect was stronger in iPS-NSCtk/GL261 co-culture (tk/tumor cell ratio < 1:32) than GL261tk/GL261 co-culture (tk/tumor cell ratio < 1:8). Our results suggest that iPS-NSC forms functionally enhanced gap junction with GL261 through increased expression of Cx43. This may contribute to potent bystander effect in stem cell-based suicide gene therapy.
OA 16.02 Risk of Recurrence in Stage I Adenocarcinoma of the Lung: A Multi-Institutional Study on Interaction with Type of Surgery and Type of Nodal Staging
Authors: F. Guerrera, F. Lococo, A. Evangelista, O. Rena, L. Ampollini, J. Vannucci, L. Ventura, V. Marchese, M. Paci, P.L. Filosso, A. Oliaro, C. Casadio, F. Puma, F. Ardissone, E. Ruffini
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
c-Met/HGF pathway in breast cancer cells and inhibition with specific small molecule inhibitor, SU11274
Authors: Ramasamy Jagadeeswaran, Sujatha Jagadeeswaran, James Fackenthal, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Ravi Salgia
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

5205  The c-Met receptor tyrosione kinase is expressed in a number of solid tumors, and can be activated by its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Activation of c-Met leads to increased proliferation, cell motility, angiogenesis, and tubular morphogenesis. In this study, we have determined the expression, function, and inhibition of c-Met/HGF pathway in breast cancer cells. Of eight breast cancer cell lines tested by immunoblotting, only MDA-MB-435 showed abundant c-Met. MDA-MB- 231, MDA-MB-468 and HCC-1937showed moderate expression, SKBR3 showed low expression, and, HCC-1428, MCF-7 and BT-483 showed no expression. Stimulation of c-Met in MDA-MB-435 S cells by HGF results in c-Met autophosphorylation on Y1230/Y1234/Y1235 and Cbl-binding Y1003 sites, AKT phosphorylation on S473, and ERK1/2(pT185/pY187) phosphorylation in a time (40 ng/ml of HGF for 0-60 min) and dose (0-200 ng/ml of HGF for 15 min) dependent manner. We further investigated the effect of a small molecule inhibitor SU11274 against the ER negative metastatic MDA-MB- 435 S cell line. In viability assays, SU11274 inhibited the proliferative signal of c-Met/HGF axis in breast cancer cell lines. Treatment of MDA-MB-435 S cells with SU11274 was found to inhibit cell growth in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50
Abstract 19343: Adipose Tissue Renin Angiotensin System in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Role of Intermittent Hypoxia
Authors: Christiane Becari, Katarzyna Polonis, Virend K Somers, Anwar A Chahal, Pragya Sharma, Naima Covassin, Prachi Singh
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repetitive nocturnal intermittent hypoxia and is independently associated with cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. The r...
Dos brotes de triquinosis en el estado de Renania de Westfalia del Norte, Alemania, 1998
Authors: S Rehmet, G Sinn, O Robstad, H David, D Lesser, K Nöckler, G Scherholz, D Erkrath, D Pechmann, L R Petersen, R Kundt, G Oltmans, R Lange, J Laumen, U Nogay, M Dixius, J Eichenberg, F Dinse, D Stegemann, W Lotz, D Franke, P Hag, A Ammon
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1999)

En Alemania, la triquinosis y las defunciones por triquinosis son de declaracion obligatoria. De 1987 a 1997, el numero de casos anuales notificados no excedia de diez. Sin embargo, entre noviembre de 1998 y enero de 1999, los sistemas de vigilancia de la salud publica implantados en 11 ciudades y distritos del estado de Renania de Westfalia del Norte identificaron 52 casos de triquinosis. Este articulo resume la investigacion de estos casos, que reflejo la aparicion simultanea de dos brotes: uno, causado por carne picada contaminada; otro, por un tipo de salchicha ahumada cruda de elaboracion industrial (Mettwurst). En una edicion especial de Eurosurveillance, publicada recientemente, se incluyeron antecedentes sobre la triquinosis, asi como datos sobre su transmision y sus causas (1).
ACTR-22. RESULTS OF PHASE I OF THE PARADIGM TRIAL: A PHASE I DOSE ESCALATION STUDY OF OLAPARIB IN COMBINATION WITH SHORT COURSE RADIOTHERAPY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA (GBM)
Authors: Anthony Chalmers, Jon Stobo, Susan C Short, Christopher Herbert, Frank Saran, Anna Morris, Susan Dillon, Caroline Kelly
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Olaparib, a small molecule inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), has radiosensitising properties in pre-clinical GBM models. Because radiopotentiation is observed only in proliferating cells, we hypothesised that olaparib would enhance tumour control without exacerbating normal brain toxicity in GBM patients receiving radiotherapy. Having shown that olaparib penetrates GBM at radiosensitising concentrations, we studied its safety and toxicity in combination with short-course radiotherapy in GBM patients ineligible for radical chemoradiation. Patients aged ≥70 (WHO PS 0–1) or <70 (PS 2) with histologically confirmed GBM received oral olaparib commencing three days before and continuing throughout radiotherapy (40 Gray in 15 fractions) and for four weeks afterwards. Olaparib dose was escalated in a 3 + 3 cohort design. 16 patients (9 male, 7 female) were treated within four olaparib dose cohorts. Median age was 72 (range 44–78); four patients had WHO PS 0, eight PS 1 and four PS 2. Cohort 3 was expanded to six evaluable patients because one patient experienced the only dose-limiting toxicity observed in the study (agitation grade 3, CTCAE v.4). Serious adverse events were experienced by eight patients, of which only one (the DLT) was a serious adverse reaction. The recommended dose of olaparib for phase II testing in combination with short-course radiotherapy was determined to be 200 mg twice daily. As predicted by pre-clinical data, olaparib is extremely well tolerated in combination with short-course radiotherapy in elderly and poorer PS patients with newly diagnosed GBM. The recommended phase II dose of 200 mg twice daily is significantly higher than has been deliverable to date in extracranial tumour sites in which acutely responding, rapidly proliferating normal tissues were within the irradiated volume. A randomised double-blind phase II study of radiotherapy plus olaparib versus radiotherapy plus placebo is underway in patients aged ≥65 with MGMT unmethylated GBM.
MA 15.06 ERBB Receptor Feedback Inhibitor-1 Alterations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: J. Schneider, P. Jain, K. Schalper, C. Lovly, F. Gardner, J. Ross, A. Schrock, S. Ali, V. Miller, V. Velcheti
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Abstract 14266: The Association Between Ischemic and Jeopardized Myocardia and All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Tarek A Hammad, Rayan Yousefzai, Sridhar Venkatachalam, Ashley Lowry, Heather L Gornik, Wael Jaber, John R Bartholomew, Soo Hyun Kim, Manuel Cerqueira, Bruce H Gray, Eugene H Blackstone, Mehdi H Shishehbor
Journal: Circulation (2015)

OBJECTIVE: PAD is associated with increased all-cause mortality (ACM) and concomitant CAD. However, it is unclear whether uncovering the presence of coronary ischemia by a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) would further help stratifying that excess risk. Methods: From 01/2000 to 01/2009, 4,294 patients underwent cardiac stress testing within 180 days of ankle brachial index (ABI) exam. Of these, 645 had PAD and SPECT MPI stress testing. Abnormal ABI was defined as ≤ 0.9 or prior peripheral revascularization. Myocardial ischemic burden and total jeopardized myocardium were represented by summed difference score (SDS) and summed stress score (SSS), respectively. Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to study the impact of SDS and SSS on ACM. Additionally using a hierarchical approach, we examined the step-wise addition of post-stress test coronary and peripheral revascularizations as time-varying covariates on outcomes. Results: Kaplan-Meier curves showed no significant differences in ACM between patients with ischemic myocardium (SDS &gt; 0) and those without (SDS = 0), or between those with jeopardized myocardium (SSS &gt; 0) and without (SSS = 0). Similarly in multivariable Cox analyses, the presence of ischemic or jeopardized myocardium remained with no significant impact on ACM in PAD, adjusted HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.53 - 1.69; P = 0.84 and adjusted HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.67 - 2.00; P = 0.59, respectively. Moreover, adjustment for post-testing coronary and peripheral revascularizations did not affect our results. Conclusions: Ischemic and jeopardized myocardia are not predictors of ACM in PAD, thus SPECT MPI does not appear to be a useful risk stratification tool in these patients. Figure 1. Unadjusted Comparison of All-Cause Mortality among PAD Patients according to the Presence of Ischemic Myocardium (Panel A) and Jeopardized Myocardium (Panel B)
Patient selection for high sensitivity cardiac troponin testing and diagnosis of myocardial infarction: prospective cohort study
Authors: Anoop S V Shah, Yader Sandoval, Ala Noaman, Anne Sexter, Amar Vaswani, Stephen W Smith, Mathew Gibbins, Megan Griffiths, Andrew R Chapman, Fiona E Strachan, Atul Anand, Martin A Denvir, Philip D Adamson, Michelle S D’Souza, Alasdair J Gray, David A McAllister, David E Newby, Fred S Apple, Nicholas L Mills
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Objective To evaluate how selection of patients for high sensitivity cardiac troponin testing affects the diagnosis of myocardial infarction across different healthcare settings.Design Prospective study of three independent consecutive patient populations presenting to emergency departments.Setting Secondary and tertiary care hospitals in the United Kingdom and United States.Participants High sensitivity cardiac troponin I concentrations were measured in 8500 consecutive patients presenting to emergency departments: unselected patients in the UK (n=1054) and two selected populations of patients in whom troponin testing was requested by the attending clinician in the UK (n=5815) and the US (n=1631). The final diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 myocardial infarction or myocardial injury was independently adjudicated.Main outcome measures Positive predictive value of an elevated cardiac troponin concentration for a diagnosis of type 1 myocardial infarction.Results Cardiac troponin concentrations were elevated in 13.7% (144/1054) of unselected patients, with a prevalence of 1.6% (17/1054) for type 1 myocardial infarction and a positive predictive value of 11.8% (95% confidence interval 7.0% to 18.2%). In selected patients, in whom troponin testing was guided by the attending clinician, the prevalence and positive predictive value were 14.5% (843/5815) and 59.7% (57.0% to 62.2%) in the UK and 4.2% (68/1631) and 16.4% (13.0% to 20.3%) in the US. Across both selected patient populations, the positive predictive value was highest in patients with chest pain, with ischaemia on the electrocardiogram, and with a history of ischaemic heart disease.Conclusions When high sensitivity cardiac troponin testing is performed widely or without previous clinical assessment, elevated troponin concentrations are common and predominantly reflect myocardial injury rather than myocardial infarction. These observations highlight how selection of patients for cardiac troponin testing varies across healthcare settings and markedly influences the positive predictive value for a diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
EPID-03. INCIDENCE OF PRIMARY BRAIN AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TUMORS AMONG HISPANIC POPULATION IN TEXAS 1995–2013
Authors: Damir Nizamutdinov, Ekokobe Fonkem
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

This paper assesses the distribution of tumors by primary site and the average annual age-adjusted incidence rates (as categorized by the International Classification of Diseases and the 2008 World Health Organization). IMPACT: The aim of this study is to examine temporal incidence trends, geographic variation, and the average annual age-adjusted rates among Hispanic populations in Texas from 1995 to 2013. SEER*STAT 8.3.2 and Join-point Regression 4.4.0.0software was used to analyze data-set of incidence of primary brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors among Texas residents from 1995 to 2013 (data obtained from the Texas Cancer Registry of the Texas Department of State Health Services). From the 30122 cases of primary brain and CNS tumors that were diagnosed in Texas from 2008–2012, the overall average annual age-adjusted incidence rate for Hispanics and non-Hispanics combined was 25.35 per 100000 persons. Among Hispanics, West Texas had the highest incidence trends and the highest average age-adjusted incidence rate of 27.17, followed by North Texas at 26.01 and The Panhandle at 23.63. East Texas had the lowest incidence rate of 16.23. The incidence trend among Hispanics has been decreasing consistently at a rate of 0.83 % from 1995–2013. The incidence of tumors was more pronounced in Hispanic population in northern Texas compared with southern Texas. The presence of oil and gas production and farming and construction industries could play a role in the region’s incidence rates. Further studies are needed—specifically ones that focus on occupational health among Hispanics in Texas.
P2.01-064 Co-Existing Mutations and Their Clinical Implications in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Korean Lung Cancer Consortium (KLCC-13-01)
Authors: B.M. Ku, N.L. Lee, M.S. Kim, J. Sun, S. Lee, J.S. Ahn, K. Park, M. Ahn
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
ATRT-26. META-ANALYSIS OF TREATMENT MODALITIES IN METASTATIC ATYPICAL TERATOID/RHABDOID TUMORS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Reena M Underiner, Mostafa Eltobgy, Joseph R Stanek, Jonathan L Finlay, Mohamed S AbdelBaki
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract BACKGROUND Metastatic atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) are aggressive central nervous system tumors that present during infancy and are associated with dismal outcomes. Patients receive multimodal treatment including surgical resection, systemic chemotherapy and one or more of intrathecal chemotherapy (IT), marrow-ablative chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic cell rescue (AuHCR) and radiation therapy (XRT). While data regarding treatment modalities for AT/RT patients exist, no comprehensive data have been published regarding the metastatic patient population. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of 1,578 articles published through September 2018, including 44 studies with a total of 123 subjects. Additionally, seven patients were incorporated through chart review of patients treated at Nationwide Children’s Hospital. RESULTS Analysis of 130 patients revealed a 3-year overall survival (OS) of 25%. Age at diagnosis had a significant impact on survival (p=0.0355); 3-year OS for infants &amp;lt; 18 months was 21%; 18–36 months was 26%; and &amp;gt; 36 months was 36%. Location of the primary tumor, metastatic stage and extent of surgical resection did not have significant impact on OS. On univariate analysis, XRT (p&amp;lt;0.0001), IT (p=0.01) and AuHCR (p&amp;lt;0.0001) were found to significantly improve survival. The most substantial effect was noted in patients who received AuHCR (3-year OS of 60% versus 9% in those who did not). On multivariable analysis XRT (p=0.0006), IT (p=0.0124) and AuHCR (p&amp;lt;0.0001) were independently associated with reduced risk of death.