tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Macrophage Liver Kinase B1 Inhibits Foam Cell Formation and Atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhaoyu Liu, Huaiping Zhu, Xiaoyan Dai, Cheng Wang, Ye Ding, Ping Song, Ming-Hui Zou
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

LKB1 (liver kinase B1) is a serine/threonine kinase and tumor suppressor, which regulates the homeostasis of hematopoietic cells and immune responses. Macrophages transform into foam cells upon taking-in lipids. No role for LKB1 in foam cell formation has previously been reported.We sought to establish the role of LKB1 in atherosclerotic foam cell formation.LKB1 expression was examined in human carotid atherosclerotic plaques and in western diet-fed atherosclerosis-prone Ldlr-/- and ApoE-/- mice. LKB1 expression was markedly reduced in human plaques when compared with nonatherosclerotic vessels. Consistently, time-dependent reduction of LKB1 levels occurred in atherosclerotic lesions in western diet-fed Ldlr-/- and ApoE-/- mice. Exposure of macrophages to oxidized low-density lipoprotein downregulated LKB1 in vitro. Furthermore, LKB1 deficiency in macrophages significantly increased the expression of SRA (scavenger receptor A), modified low-density lipoprotein uptake and foam cell formation, all of which were abolished by blocking SRA. Further, we found LKB1 phosphorylates SRA resulting in its lysosome degradation. To further investigate the role of macrophage LKB1 in vivo, ApoE-/-LKB1fl/flLysMcre and ApoE-/-LKB1fl/fl mice were fed with western diet for 16 weeks. Compared with ApoE-/-LKB1fl/fl wild-type control, ApoE-/-LKB1fl/flLysMcre mice developed more atherosclerotic lesions in whole aorta and aortic root area, with markedly increased SRA expression in aortic root lesions.We conclude that macrophage LKB1 reduction caused by oxidized low-density lipoprotein promotes foam cell formation and the progression of atherosclerosis.
Aldosterone, Renin, Cardiovascular Events, and All-Cause Mortality Among African Americans
Authors: Joshua J Joseph, Justin B Echouffo-Tcheugui, Rita R Kalyani, Hsin-Chieh Yeh, Alain G Bertoni, Valery S Effoe, Ramon Casanova, Mario Sims, Wen-Chih Wu, Gary S Wand, Adolfo Correa, Sherita H Golden
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2017)
Chronic Transfusion Therapy in Sickle Cell Disease - Effect on Macrovascular Function, Microvascular Function, and Tissue Oxygenation Decreases the Potential for Ischemia
Authors: Jon A Detterich, Roberta Miyeko Kato, Madushka Yohan DeZoysa, Herbert J Meiselman, Thomas D. Coates, John C Wood
Journal: Blood (2016)
Cognitive function in breast cancer and lymphoma patients receiving chemotherapy: An ongoing nationwide University of Rochester Cancer Center (URCC) Community Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP) observational study with 1,200 patients and controls.
Authors: Michelle Christine Janelsins, Karen Michelle Mustian, Song Yao, Charles E. Heckler, Oxana Palesh, Mary Ontko, Shaker R. Dakhil, Paul Smiskol, Marianne Melnik, Howard M. Gross, Tim Ahles, Christine B. Ambrosone, Gary R. Morrow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

TPS9647 Background: Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a major concern for up to 75% of cancer patients that can negatively affect quality of life. Studies which have objectively assessed cognitive function (CF) in patients suggest that chemotherapy is associated with declines in multiple domains. A large, prospective longitudinal study with age- and gender- paired healthy controls is needed to confirm and expand these findings, to identify etiological mechanisms of CRCI, and to identify the best assessment methods for detecting CRCI. Methods: We are conducting a nationwide prospective observational study (N=1,200), conducted through the URCC CCOP Research Base and 23 CCOPs. The primary aim is to test the hypothesis that breast cancer and lymphoma patients receiving chemotherapy will have greater impairments in CRCI over time than a control comparison group. Breast cancer (stage I-IIIc) and lymphoma patients (intermediate/high grade disease) meet the following eligibility: 1) chemotherapy naïve, 2) ≥21 years of age, 3) no CNS disease, 4) scheduled to receive a standard course of chemotherapy, and 5) no concurrent radiation. Healthy control participants meet eligibility criteria 1-3 and are the same gender and age as paired patients. CF is assessed at pre-chemotherapy (Assess. 1), post-chemotherapy (Assess. 2), and 6 months post-chemotherapy in patients; their paired controls are assessed at the same time intervals. CF is measured via: 1) Computer-based CANTAB neuropsychological (NP) battery (assessing memory (primary aim), verbal memory, sustained attention, processing speed, and executive function (secondary aims)), 2) paper-based objective NP assessment (secondary aims), 3) phone-based objective NP assessment (tertiary aims), and 4) Single item, patient-reported CF (tertiary aims). Blood is collected at Assess. 1 and 2 to explore inflammatory and genetic mechanisms. 807 participants have been enrolled in 21 months. Funding: U10CA037420-26 Supp. MCJ; U10CA037420, GRM; &amp; URCC/RPCI Grant, MCJ &amp; CBA. Clinical trial information: NCT01382082.
Sixty seconds on . . . baby boxes
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Very funny. And before you start on the “designer baby” jokes, this is about the cardboard boxes originally given to new mothers in Finland. Packed with clothes, linen, and other essential items, the box turns into a bed with its own mattress.

Well, Finland, obviously. But new mothers in parts of London, Colchester, Coventry, and Warwickshire are also recipients of free baby boxes. And this week the Scottish government launches its own version of the box, including a …
Influenza Vaccination as Secondary Prevention for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Matthew M. Davis, Kathryn Taubert, Andrea L. Benin, David W. Brown, George A. Mensah, Larry M. Baddour, Sandra Dunbar, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Evidence from cohort studies and a randomized clinical trial indicates that annual vaccination against seasonal influenza prevents cardiovascular morbidity and all-cause mortality in patients with cardiovascular conditions. The American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology recommend influenza immunization with inactivated vaccine (administered intramuscularly) as part of comprehensive secondary prevention in persons with coronary and other atherosclerotic vascular disease (Class I, Level B). Immunization with live, attenuated vaccine (administered intranasally) is not currently recommended [corrected] for persons with cardiovascular conditions. It is important to note that influenza vaccination coverage levels overall and in this population remain well below national goals and are marked by disparities across different age and ethnic groups. One of the barriers to vaccination for patients with cardiovascular disease is that cardiology practices frequently do not stock and administer influenza vaccine. Healthcare providers who treat individuals with cardiovascular disease can help improve influenza vaccination coverage rates by providing and strongly recommending vaccination to their patients before and throughout the influenza season.
2013 AHA/ACC/TOS Guideline for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults
Authors: Michael D. Jensen, Donna H. Ryan, Caroline M. Apovian, Jamy D. Ard, Anthony G. Comuzzie, Karen A. Donato, Frank B. Hu, Van S. Hubbard, John M. Jakicic, Robert F. Kushner, Catherine M. Loria, Barbara E. Millen, Cathy A. Nonas, F. Xavier Pi-Sunyer, June Stevens, Victor J. Stevens, Thomas A. Wadden, Bruce M. Wolfe, Susan Z. Yanovski
Journal: Circulation (2013)
Abstract 341: Nucleotide Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolase-1 (NTPDase1) Overexpression Improves Post-Myocardial Infarction Recovery
Authors: Erhe Gao, Heng He, Bo Zhang, Debra G Wheeler, Shouvik D Mahamud, Karen M Dwyer, Simon C Robson, Peter J Cowan, Walter J Koch, Richard J Gumina
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Background: With myocardial injury extracellular levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) increase. These extracellular ATP and ADP levels are modulated via hydrolysis by triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (NTDP-1/CD39) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) subsequently converted by ecto-5’-nucleotidase (CD73) to adenosine. Previous data demonstrated significantly smaller infarcts in mice globally overexpressing NTPDase1. The current objective was to determine whether global overexpression of NTPDase1 would beneficially or detrimentally affect post-infarction myocardial recovery. Methods: Myocardial infarction was induced by permanent coronary artery ligation in transgenic mice overexpressing human NTPDase1 driven by the murine H-2Kb (MHC class I) promoter in mice. Survival, myocardial function and BNP were measured to assess the effect on post-infarction myocardial recovery. Results: Following permanent coronary artery ligation there was decreased mortality in NTPDase1-Tg animals compared to WT animals (Fig A). Echocardiographic assessment of ejection fraction revealed that compared to baseline the post-MI EF of NTPDase1-Tg mice was not significantly diminished (Fig. B). Consistent with preserved cardiac function, plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were significantly reduced in NTPDase1-Tg mice versus WT littermate control mice at post-MI day 28 (Fig. C). Conclusions: Overexpression of NTPDase1 improves post-infarction myocardial recovery.
Sex robots: the irreplaceable value of humanity
Authors: Federica Facchina, Giussy Barbarab, Vittorio Cigolia
Journal: BMJ (2017)

The use of sex robots may become widespread in the future.1 2 3 But therapeutic use of sex robots is based on a mechanical view of sexuality.

Sexual dysfunction depends on interactions between physical, psychological, sociocultural, and relational factors.4 Sexual activity with robots is a …
Phase I/II Trial of Labetuzumab Govitecan (Anti-CEACAM5/SN-38 Antibody-Drug Conjugate) in Patients With Refractory or Relapsing Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Efrat Dotan, Steven J. Cohen, Alexander N. Starodub, Christopher H. Lieu, Wells A. Messersmith, Pamela S. Simpson, Michael J. Guarino, John L. Marshall, Richard M. Goldberg, J. Randolph Hecht, William A. Wegener, Robert M. Sharkey, Serengulam V. Govindan, David M. Goldenberg, Jordan D. Berlin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Purpose The objectives were to evaluate dosing schedules of labetuzumab govitecan, an antibody-drug conjugate targeting carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) for tumor delivery of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38), in an expanded phase II trial of patients with relapsed or refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients and Methods Eligible patients with at least one prior irinotecan-containing therapy received labetuzumab govitecan once weekly at 8 and 10 mg/kg, or two times per week at 4 and 6 mg/km on weeks 1 and 2 of 3-week repeated cycles. End points were safety, response, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity. Results Eighty-six patients who had undergone a median of five prior therapies (range, one to 13) were each enrolled into one of the four cohorts. On the basis of Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1, 38% of these patients had a tumor as well as plasma carcinoembryonic antigen reduction from baseline after labetuzumab govitecan treatment; one patient achieved a partial response with a sustained response spanning > 2 years, whereas 42 patients had stable disease as the best overall response. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 3.6 and 6.9 months, respectively. The major toxicities (grade ≥ 3) among all cohorts were neutropenia (16%), leukopenia (11%), anemia (9%), and diarrhea (7%). The antibody-drug conjugate's mean half-life was 16.5 hours for the four cohorts. Anti-drug/anti-antibody antibodies were not detected. The two once-weekly dose schedules, showing comparable toxicity and efficacy, were chosen for further study. Conclusion Monotherapy with labetuzumab govitecan demonstrated a manageable safety profile and therapeutic activity in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, all with prior irinotecan therapy. Further studies of labetuzumab govitecan treatment alone or in combination with other therapies in earlier settings are indicated.
Study of a Spontaneous Mouse Rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Anderson Nettleship
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1943)

Journal Article Study of a Spontaneous Mouse Rhabdomyosarcoma Get access Anderson Nettleship Anderson Nettleship passed assistant surgeon (R) National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 3, Issue 5, June 1943, Pages 563–568, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/3.5.563 Published: 01 June 1943
Distress and Perceived Impact on Well-Being for Low- or Intermediate-Risk and High-Risk Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Authors: Joanne S. Buzaglo, Melissa F. Miller, Clare Karten, Elisa S Weiss, Brian Tomlinson, Barbara L Andersen, Matthew J Matasar, John C. Byrd, Christopher Flowers
Journal: Blood (2016)
Comparison of Ufh and Enoxaparin Originated from Bovine, Ovine and Porcine Mucosa with Functional Coagulation Assays
Authors: Grigorios T. Gerotziafas, Patrick Van Dreden, Walter Jeske, Jeanine M. Walenga, Debra Hoppensteadt, Annette Larsen, Ismail Elalamy, Yiming Yao, Jawed Fareed
Journal: Blood (2016)
Serum sCD163 as a biomarker of adipose tissue inflammation in obstructive sleep apnoea patients: limits and perspectives
Authors: Denis Monneret, Jean-Philippe Bastard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Recently, Murphy et al. [1] demonstrated, through a challenging animal, cellular and human translational approach, that intermittent hypoxia induces a pro-inflammatory activation of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs), promoting insulin resistance. They confirmed that intermittent hypoxia lowers insulin-mediated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and evidenced the interrelationship between inflammation and insulin resistance in the adipose tissue of mice exposed to intermittent hypoxia. They then measured the concentration of serum soluble CD163 (sCD163), an assumed pro-inflammatory biomarker reflecting macrophage activation, in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients classified according to their BMI and apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI). This is the first time serum sCD163 has been evaluated in OSA patients, and its association with AHI is promising. With the aim of enhancing its relevance in further studies, we wish to discuss the following points. Serum sCD163 as a biomarker of adipose tissue inflammation in OSA patients: limits and perspectives <http://ow.ly/kgxL30d7RnE> The authors thank Vincent Fitzpatrick for the English rereading.
Short-term use of oral corticosteroids was linked to increased risk for sepsis, VTE, and fractures
Authors: Kate Rowland
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Source Citation Waljee AK, Rogers MA, Lin P, et al. Short term use of oral corticosteroids and related harms among adults in the United States: population based cohort study. BMJ. 2017;357:j1415. 28404617
Watchdog warns pay review body over use of unpublished seven day working data
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

The UK’s statistics watchdog has advised the Review Body on Doctors’ and Dentists’ Remuneration (DDRB) to ensure that any evidence it uses is in the public domain, in response to a complaint over its use of unpublished data to support the case for seven day services.

The UK Statistics Authority issued the recommendation after the DDRB used unpublished analyses from NHS England in …
原形質膜における脂質側方不均一性に関する最近の進歩:からラフトサブミクロン領域へ【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Carquin Melanie, D’Auria Ludovic, Pollet Helene, R Bongarzone Ernesto, Tyteca Donatienne
Journal: Progress in Lipid Research (2016)
腫瘍の磁気共鳴画像ガイド下放射線療法のための設計されたガドリニウムをドープした炭素ドット【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Du Fengyi, Zhang Lirong, Zhang Li, Zhang Miaomiao, Gong Aihua, Tan Youwen, Miao Jiawen, Gong Yuhua, Sun Mingzhong, Ju Huixiang, Wu Chaoyang, Zou Shenqiang
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
FRI0320 Predictive value of platelet to lymphocyte ratio in renal involvement in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Authors: H Kucuk, D Tecer, O Varan, H Babaoglu, SC Guven, A Tufan, S Haznedaroglu, MA Özturk, B Goker
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a granulomatous necrotizing vasculitis with high morbidity and mortality. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) is a rvaluable diagnostic marker, however its titer lacks predictive value for the severity of organ involvement. Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and mean platelet volume has been regarded as a potential marker in assessing systemic inflammation. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aimed to investigate PLR and MPV as inflammatory marker in patients with GPA. <h3>Methods</h3> GPA patients and age-sex matched healthy controls were included. Demographic, clinical and laboratory information were extracted from medical records. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell (WBC), platelets (PLT), lymphocyte and neutrophils counts and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were recorded. PLR was calculated. Disease activity was assessed with Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score for WG vasculitis (BVAS/WG). <h3>Results</h3> 56 patients with GPA and 53 healty controls were included. Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of the study population are shown in Table 1. ESR, CRP, MPV and PLR were significantly higher in patients with GPA than controls. PLR positively correlated with ESR and CRP (r:0.389, p:0.005 and r:0.512 p&lt;0.001, respectively). In contrast, MPV negatively correlated with ESR and CRP (r:-0.308, p:0.028 and r:-0.337 p:0.014, respectively). There were no significant correlation between PLR, MPV and BVAS/WG. Patients with renal involvement had statistically significantly higher PLR than patients without renal involvement (303.01±287.33 vs177.98 + 75.43, p: 0.020 respectively). Moreover PLR negatively correlated with glomerlar filtration rate (r:-0.266 and p:0.009). Receiver operating characteristic curve of PLR, ESR and CRP for differentiating renal involvement is presented in Figure 1. Area Under Curves (AUCs) for PLR, CRP and ESR were 0.703 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.558–0.849, p=0.016), 0.577 (95% CI: 0.416–0.738, p=0.362), 0.508 (95% CI: 0.337–0.678, p=0.929), respectively. The cutoff level of PLR was 204 (sensitive 65.6%, specifity 62.5%, positive predictive value 70%, negative predictive value 57.7%). Patients with alveolar hemorrhage tended to have higher PLR but this difference did not reach statistically significance (266.60 + 182.90 vs 240.61 + 252.43 p=0.382, respectively). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Results suggest that PLR exhibit favorable diagnostic performance in predicting renal involvement in patients with GPA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Multiple Tray for Embedding Tissues in Paraffin
Authors: Albert M. Kessel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1945)

Multiple Tray for Embedding Tissues in Paraffin Albert M. Kessel Albert M. Kessel senior medical technician National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 5, Issue 4, February 1945, Pages 257–259, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/5.4.257 Published: 01 February 1945
Personalized Medicine–Based Approach to Model Patterns of Chemoresistance and Tumor Recurrence Using Ovarian Cancer Stem Cell Spheroids
Authors: Shreya Raghavan, Pooja Mehta, Maria R. Ward, Michael E. Bregenzer, Elyse M. A. Fleck, Lijun Tan, Karen McLean, Ronald J. Buckanovich, Geeta Mehta
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2017)

Purpose: Chemoresistant ovarian cancers grow in suspension within the ascites fluid. To screen the effect of chemotherapeutics and biologics on resistant ovarian cancers with a personalized basis, we developed a 3D hanging drop spheroid platform.Experimental Design: We initiated spheroids with primary aldehyde dehydrogenase-positive (ALDH+) CD133+ ovarian cancer stem cells (OvCSC) from different patient samples and demonstrated that stem cell progeny from harvested spheroids was similar to the primary tumor. OvCSC spheroids were utilized to initiate tumors in immunodeficient mice. Drug responses to cisplatin and ALDH-targeting compound or JAK2 inhibitor determined whether the OvCSC population within the spheroids could be targeted. Cells that escaped therapy were isolated and used to initiate new spheroids and model tumor reemergence in a personalized manner.Results: OvCSC spheroids from different patients exhibited varying and personalized responses to chemotherapeutics. Xenografts were established from OvCSC spheroids, even with a single spheroid. Distinct responses to therapy were observed in distinct primary tumor xenografts similar to those observed in spheroids. Spheroids resistant to cisplatin/ALDH inhibitor therapy had persistent, albeit lower ALDH expression and complete loss of CD133 expression, whereas those resistant to cisplatin/JAK2 inhibitor therapy were enriched for ALDH+ cells.Conclusions: Our 3D hanging drop suspension platform can be used to propagate primary OvCSCs that represent individual patient tumors effectively by differentiating in vitro and initiating tumors in mice. Therefore, our platform can be used to study cancer stem cell biology and model tumor reemergence to identify new targeted therapeutics from an effective personalized medicine standpoint. Clin Cancer Res; 23(22); 6934-45. ©2017 AACR.
ポリコーム:PRC1タンパク質の配置はショウジョウバエ(Drosophila)の発生過程での腫瘍形成を抑制する
Authors: Loubiere Vincent, Delest Anna, Thomas Aubin, Bonev Boyan, Schuettengruber Bernd, Sati Satish, Martinez Anne‐Marie, Cavalli Giacomo
Journal: Nature Genetics (2016)
Rheumatic Heart Disease — An Iceberg in Tropical Waters
Authors: Eloi Marijon, David S Celermajer, Xavier Jouven
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Rheumatic heart disease ranks as one of the most serious cardiovascular scourges of the past century.1 As a result of improvements in living conditions and the introduction of penicillin, the disease was almost eradicated in the developed world by the 1980s. However, it remains a force to be reckoned with in the developing world, as demonstrated by an assessment from the 2015 Global Burden of Disease study (GBD 2015), painstakingly performed by Watkins and colleagues and reported in this issue of the Journal.2 Several key messages emerge from this important study. It confirms the marked global heterogeneity of the burden . . .