tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
WRESTLING INJURIES DURING THE 2016 RIO OLYMPIC GAMES
Authors: Babak Shadgan, Szabolcs Molnar, Stevan Sikmic, Abdelghani Chahi
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background Better understanding of the incidence, characteristics, predisposing factors and mechanisms of injuries in each sport helps to implement more effective preventive measures to better care for the athletes. Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the injury profile of elite senior wrestlers in men's Greco-Roman, men's freestyle, and women's freestyle wrestling during the 2016 Rio Olympic Games. Design Descriptive epidemiologic study. Setting Clinical. Participants 352 senior qualified wrestlers participated in 2016 Rio Olympic Games. Interventions A web-based injury database system developed by UWW was used to collect the injury data during all wrestling competitions of the Games. Main Outcome Measurements Included athlete's demographic, weight category, injury type, severity, location, timing, and mechanism. Results A total of 352 athletes sustained 22 injuries during 410 matches, which is equivalent to an overall incidence of 6.2 injuries per 100 athletes (7.1% in men; 4.4% in women; P=0.31) and 5.4 injuries per 100 matches. Among the three styles, women's freestyle had the lowest injury rate (22.7%); men's freestyle and men's Greco-Roman sustained an injury rate of 36.4% and 40.9% respectively. More injuries were observed in the middleweight categories. The most common injury type was skin laceration and contusion (54.5%) due to direct contact, and the most common site of injury was forehead (36.4%). In sum, 54.5% of all injuries were categorized as light, 27.3% as mild and 18.2% as severe. Four bouts were terminated due to an injury. Conclusions No serious and catastrophic injury was recorded during wrestling competitions of 2016 Olympic Games, and most injuries were minor. The rate of wrestling injuries during 2016 Rio Games (6.2% per athlete) were lower than 2012 London (12%) and 2008 Beijing (9.3%) Olympic Games. Higher education, improvements in wrestling regulations and more attention to wrestler's health care during recent years might explain this difference.
Brain and Other Central Nervous System Cancers: Recent Trends in Incidence and Mortality
Authors: J M Legler, L A Ries, M A Smith, J L Warren, E F Heineman, R S Kaplan, M S Linet
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1999)

BACKGROUND: During the 1980s, the incidence of primary malignant brain and other central nervous system tumors (hereafter called brain cancer) was reported to be increasing among all age groups in the United States, while mortality was declining for persons younger than 65 years. We analyzed these data to provide updates on incidence and mortality trends for brain cancer in the United States and to examine these patterns in search of their causes. METHODS: Data on incidence, overall and according to histology and anatomic site, and on relative survival were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute for 1975 through 1995. Mortality data were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics. Medicare procedure claims from the National Cancer Institute's SEER-Medicare database were used for imaging trends. Statistically significant changes in incidence trends were identified, and annual percent changes were computed for log linear models. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: Rates stabilized for all age groups during the most recent period for which SEER data were available, except for the group containing individuals 85 years of age or older. Mortality trends continued to decline for the younger age groups, and the steep increases in mortality seen in the past for the elderly slowed substantially. Patterns differed by age group according to the site and grade of tumors between younger and older patients. During the last decade, use of computed tomography scans was relatively stable for those 65-74 years old but increased among those 85 years old or older. IMPLICATIONS: Improvements in diagnosis and changes in the diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients provide likely explanations for the observed patterns in brain cancer trends.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Patients Demonstrate Adipogenic Differentiation Propensity
Authors: Mitra Azadniv, Jason R. Myers, Helene McMurray, John M. Ashton, Naxin Guo, Phil Rock, Myra Coppage, Laura M. Calvi, Michael W. Becker, Jane L. Liesveld
Journal: Blood (2016)
Abstract #1233: Development of anti-Glypican 3 therapeutic antibodies
Authors: Li-Sheng Lu, Jon Terrett, Chin Pan, Dapeng Yao, Colin Chong, Jerry Jiang, Pina Cardarelli, Yi Wu, Haichun Huang, Tim Chen, Alasdair Bell, Mohan Srinivasan, Karla Henning
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Glypican-3 is a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored protein that has been shown to be expressed in liver cancers with little expression in normal adult tissues. Loss of function mutations in Glypican-3 in humans cause Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, a disease resulting in pre and post natal overgrowth, which would seem to characterize glypican-3 more as a tumor suppressor than as an oncogene. However, our own analysis of Glypican-3 expression by Q-RT-PCR and IHC shows consistent and high expression in clinical liver cancers and cell lines such that a cytotoxic antibody targeting Glypican-3 may be a viable therapeutic in liver cancer. To this end we have generated a panel of fully human anti Glypican-3 antibodies and tested them for compatibility with anti cancer mechanisms that are independent of the function of the protein. MDX-1414 is one antibody selected from this panel, is an IgG1 isotype, and binds with high affinity and specificity to endogenously expressed Glypican-3 as seen through FACS and IHC studies. MDX-1414 is internalized on binding to HepG2 and Hep3B cell lines and can kill these cells when coupled with a saporin conjugated anti human secondary antibody (HumZAP assay). MDX-1414 can also elicit ADCC on these liver cancer cell lines. In a therapeutic xenograft model of liver cancer where HepG2 cells are allowed to grow to >100mm3 before treatment begins, MDX-1414 is able to cause significant and durable suppression of tumor growth with no evidence of any toxic side effects. Thus, Glypican-3 represents a potential target for liver cancer therapy and MDX-1414 a good candidate for the development of such a therapy where both ADCC and toxin conjugation (ADC) are viable mechanisms of action.  Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 1233.
Updated Results on the Clinical Activity of Entospletinib (GS-9973), a Selective Syk Inhibitor, in Patients with CLL Previously Treated with an Inhibitor of the B-Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway
Authors: Jeffrey P. Sharman, Andrei R. Shustov, Mitchell R. Smith, Christopher T. Hagenstad, Kathryn S. Kolibaba, Esteban Abella-Dominicis, Danjie Zhang, Siddhartha Mitra, Christopher A. Yasenchak, Farrukh T. Awan
Journal: Blood (2016)
Detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in stage T3-4 and/or N positive rectal cancer (RC) patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy followed by curative surgery.
Authors: M. Giulia Zampino, Elena Magni, Simona Paola Ravenda, Edoardo Botteri, Emilio Bertani, Antonio Chiappa, Manuela Valvo, Laura Zorzino, Laura Adamoli, Franco Nole, Maria Teresa Sandri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e22078 Background: CTCs count at baseline and during treatment is an independent prognostic factor in metastatic colorectal cancer, while its role in early stages is still an open issue. No data are available in RC patients suitable for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CT-RT). Aim of the study: To investigate the role of CTCs in patients with locally advancedRC undergoing neo-adjuvant CT-RT. Methods: In a prospective single Institution study, cT3-4 and/or N+RC staged by rectal EUS and/or pelvic MRI and chest-abdomen CT scan, received capecitabine (825 mg/mq, orally, tid) with concurrent pelvic radiotherapy (50.4 Gy/28 fractions), followed by two cycles of intermittent capecitabine (1250 mg/mq, tid 14/21 days) and by low anterior resection or abdominopelvic resection with TME. Primary endpoints are evaluation of CTCs at baseline (t0), after CT-RT (t1), within 7 days after surgery (t2), and at 6-month from surgery (t3) and its correlation with main patient/tumor characteristics, CEA and response to neoadjuvant therapy. CTCs are enumerated with CellSearch System in 22.5 ml peripheral blood at over-mentioned time-points. A repeated measure analysis for binary outcome was used to evaluate changes in time of the percentage of patients with CTCs&gt;0. Results: 85/90 patients are evaluable: 52M/33F, median age 63 yrs (range 37-82); median follow up 25 months (range 6-52). At baseline (t0) 13 pts had 1 CTC (15.3%), two had 2 CTCs (2.4%) and one had 27 CTCs(1.2%) while in 69 cases (81.2%) no CTCs were detected. Information on CTCs was available for 67 patients at t1, 68 patients at t2 and 62 at t3. CTCs&gt;0 was reported on 16 (18.8%) at t0, 5 (7.5%) at t1, 6 (8.8%) at t2 and 3 (4.8% ) at t3 (P-value for trend: 0.039). CTCs at t0 was not statistically associated with any patient/tumor characteristics except for ultrasound T-stage that showed a trend CTCs (0% in uT2, 18.9% in uT3 and 40% in uT4, p-value 0.093), while no correlation with pCR was reported. Conclusions: CTCs count ≥ 1 was observed in 18.8% of patients with trend reduction over time probably due to therapy. Statistical correlation will be planned between CTCs and outcome.
Bone Marrow Micrometastases Are Prognostically Significant in Oesophagogastric Cancer
Authors: P Ryan, J Kelly, G O'Sullivan, G Lee, GC O'Sullivan
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Aims: A majority of patients (70–80%) with oesophagogastric cancer selected for curative surgery have viable micrometastatic tumour cells detectable in rib bone marrow. This study examined the prognostic significance of bone marrow micrometastases in patients with oesophagogastric cancer who were treated with radical surgery with or without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
Homozygosity of Mutated Calreticulin in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms By an Acquired Chromosome 19p UPD Is Associated with Deletions in the Long Arm of Chromosome 5 and SF3B1 Mutations
Authors: Anna Stengel, Manja Meggendorfer, Wolfgang Kern, Torsten Haferlach, Claudia Haferlach, Sabine Jeromin
Journal: Blood (2016)
Personal Sound Amplification Products vs a Conventional Hearing Aid for Speech Understanding in Noise
Authors: Nicholas S. Reed, Joshua Betz, Nicole Kendig, Margaret Korczak, Frank R. Lin
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Presently, hearing aids can only be purchased in the United States through a licensed professional, with a mean cost of $4700 for 2 hearing aids (uncovered by Medicare). 1-3According to nationally representative estimates based on 2605 adults from 1999 through 2006, less than 20% of adults with hearing loss report hearing aid use. 4 Personal sound amplification products (PSAPs) are less-expensive, over-the-counter devices not specifically labeled for hearing loss treatment, but some are technologically comparable with hearing aids and may be appropriate for mild to moderate hearing loss. 1 We compared a sample of these devices with a conventional hearing aid among individuals with mild to moderate hearing loss.
Healthcare for the many
Authors: Theodora Bloom
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Do clever people live longer? Numerous studies linking IQ to health outcomes indicate that they might, and now a large longitudinal study reaches a similar conclusion (doi:10.1136/bmj.j2708). In their long term study Catherine Calvin and colleagues followed tens of thousands of people born in Scotland in 1936 and found that higher IQ at school age correlated with lower death rates from many causes, in women and men. The association was strongest for respiratory disease, coronary heart disease, and stroke. In their linked editorial (doi:10.1136/bmj.j2708) Daniel Falkstedt and …
Abstract P183: Cardiac Deletion of CaMKII Delta and Gamma Protects Against Heart Failure Despite Activation of Calcineurin Signaling
Authors: Michael M Kreusser, Lorenz H Lehmann, Stanislav Keranov, Josef-Hermann Gröne, Hugo A Katus, Eric N Olson, Johannes Backs
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

CaMKII delta and gamma are the major CaMKII genes expressed in the heart, and both are up-regulated in response to pressure overload. Recently, we have demonstrated that CaMKII delta single knockout mice are protected against cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. However, the role of CaMKII gamma and potential redundant functions of CaMKII delta and gamma are still elusive. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the function of CaMKII delta and gamma by a cardiomyocyte-specific double knockout mouse model(delta/gamma-CKO). Strikingly, whereas delta and gamma single knockout mice displayed only slightly reduced levels of cardiac phospholamban (PLN) phosphorylation at the CaMKII phosphorylation site threonin 17, in delta/gamma-CKO mice there was almost no residual PLN-threonin-17 phosphorylation detectable. Surprisingly and in contrast to delta and gamma single knockout mice, delta/gamma-CKO mice did develop cardiac hypertrophy after transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Despite cardiac hypertrophy we observed markedly reduced cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis. Microarray analysis revealed a distinct different gene expression profile pointing to an activation of calcineurin in delta/gamma-CKO mice after TAC. Phosphorylation of calcineurin at serine 197, which leads to an inactivation of its enzymatic activity, was almost abolished in delta/gamma-CKO mice. To test the therapeutical implications of a complete myocardial CaMKII knockout, an tamoxifen-inducible knockout system was established. Knockout of CaMKII delta and gamma was induced by administration of tamoxifen three weeks after TAC surgery. Whereas control mice did develop overt heart failure and cardiac remodeling 16 weeks after TAC, delta/gamma-iCKO mice recovered from cardiac dysfunction. Taken together, our mouse genetic studies demonstrate that CaMKII delta and gamma are promising drug targets to restore cardiac function after pathological stress. These data also unmask a cross talk of CaMKII to endogenous calcineurin signaling, which results in adaptive cardiac hypertrophy and not pathological remodeling.
Conflicts of Interest Reported in an Abbreviated Time Frame—Reply
Authors: Akilah A. Jefferson, Steven D. Pearson
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2017)

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Postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery compared with whole brain radiotherapy for resected metastatic brain disease (NCCTG N107C/CEC·3): a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial
Authors: Paul D Brown, Karla V Ballman, Jane H Cerhan, S Keith Anderson, Xiomara W Carrero, Anthony C Whitton, Jeffrey Greenspoon, Ian F Parney, Nadia N I Laack, Jonathan B Ashman, Jean-Paul Bahary, Costas G Hadjipanayis, James J Urbanic, Fred G Barker, Elana Farace, Deepak Khuntia, Caterina Giannini, Jan C Buckner, Evanthia Galanis, David Roberge
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2017)
Exhibition: Exhibiting the mad psychiatrist
Authors: Peter Byrne
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Installation “It is only by confining one's neighbour that one is convinced of one's own sanity?” (1995) and film QM, I think I shall call her QM (1997, duration 28 minutes) by Ann-Sofi Siden (film codirected with Tony Gerber)

South London Gallery, 65 Peckham Street, London, until 5 March. Admission free

 

Swedish artist Ann-Sofi Siden, exhibiting for the first time in Britain, has based both pieces on the experiences of a psychotic psychiatrist. Siden was one of several artists given access in 1994 to the home of New York psychiatrist Dr Alice E Fabian after her death.

The installation is an interpretation of Fabian's apartment, and her story is recounted through written material, audiotapes (excerpts from her diaries), some Polaroid photographs, surveillance screens, a wall of psychiatric texts, and, in the great tradition of contemporary art, an unmade bed. It is a catalogue of Fabian's paranoia—of laser beams, electricity, and passers by interfering with her thoughts—a desperate voice articulating bewilderment and trying to regain control. We observe and evaluate a woman who became deluded that she was being observed and evaluated. Although the mad psychiatrist is somewhat cliched, Fabian's concerns are articulated in the psychiatric jargon she uses to rationalise her paranoia. The psychiatrist counters concerns about surveillance with surveillance, and the artist is the inquisitor/editor/voyeur who presents these. It is voyeurism that glories in its voyeuristic means.

The film, comprising a classical narrative in conventional form, develops these themes, fictionalising the psychiatrist (as Dr Ruth Fielding) and introducing a second character into the story. During the 1980s, Siden had developed the character of a mute mud-clad creature (played by herself) called QM, the Queen of Mud. The film begins with Fielding's discovery of QM in her home, and records how she treats her as prisoner, pet (feeding and mating), patient (she injects her), and even estranged daughter. Clearly psychiatry will not “explain” QM—a combination of prehistory and science fiction. Equally, QM cannot cure the doctor. Kubrick and Scorsese have explored psychosis as metaphor within their films, each making wider points about the nature of society and humanity. 

I left with uncertainty as to what insights Siden has gained from these preoccupations. Psychiatry as social control is old hat, and its colonisation of women has been covered in, for example, Janet Walker's Couching Resistance (University of Minnesota Press, 1993). My initial concerns, given the reality of Dr Fabian's illness, were that this could be paranoia as art/entertainment, but this is not the case. The exhibition may raise even more questions in those who have been lucky enough to be free from the constraints of psychiatric training.
Chemosensitivity profile of HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells in 3D spheroids compared to 2D monolayers.
Authors: Christian Apfel, Paul Shapiro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e14606 Background: Personalizing cancer chemotherapy using ex-vivo cytometric profiling assays of live cancer cells hold great promise to significantly improve the patient's chances for tumor response and survival (Apfel et al. ASCO 2013, e22188). However, most assays dissociate the tumor into single cells and measure the response to the chemotherapy on a 2-dimensional (2D) monolayer, but there is concern that tumor response to chemotherapy in its native 3-dimensional (3D) state may be different. Methods: We exposed 3200 HTC-116 colon cancer cells either as monolayers or as spherioids of about 180 microns diameter to 0, 0.01, 0.3, 1, 3, 10, 30 and 100 times the commonly accepted IC50 values of cisplatin, topopecan, 5-FU, and tirapazamine. After 72 hours exposure, viable cell numbers were determined by measuring ATP using luciferin-luciferase chemiluminescence. We then determined IC50s using GraphPad Prism and the respective ratios. Results: IC50s of spheroids vs. 2D monolayers were 10 vs. 4.8 micromol/L for cisplatin, 18 vs. 11 nmol/L for topotecan, 4.8 vs. 4.3 micromol/L for 5-FU, and 65 vs. 130 micromol/L for tirapazamine, respectively. The ratios (95% CI) of the EC50s were 2.13 (1.03-4.39) for cisplatin, 1.61 (0.93-2.81) for topotecan, 1.1 (0.63-1.94) for 5-FU, and 0.49 (0.29-0.81) for tirapazamine. Conclusions: The EC50 for 3D spheroids compared with 2D monolayers is higher for cisplatin, the same for topotecan and 5-FU, and lower for tirapazamine. Chemosensitivity results from a 3D tumor model may be more realistic than results from 2D monolayer assays.
US heart doctors recommend new dietary guidelines
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The American Heart Association presented new dietary guidelines last week, which emphasised the types of food to eat, rather than telling people to watch the percentage of fats and calories in their diets, as in previous guidelines.

Every day people should eat five servings of fruit or vegetables, six servings of whole grains and legumes, and a selection of fat-free or low fat dairy foods, lean meat, or …
Prognostic significance of positive lymph node ratio in patients with pN3 gastric cancer who underwent curative gastrectomy
Authors: Ahmet Bilici, Mesut Seker, Basak Oven Ustaalioglu Bala, Fatih Olmez Omer, Ozcan Yildiz, Asli Cakir, Basak Caglar Hale, Mustafa Oncel
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Gastric Atypia – A Cause for Concern?
Authors: M Fahey, P Daly, F Bardhordarian, C Smyth, E Kay, FE Murray
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Aims: Aypia is literally translated as "departure from typical normal appearance" and describes cytologic change, which may be reactive (i.e from inflammation) or pre-malignant. Determining the course of this descriptive feature can be problematic; our aim is to detemine the significance of gastric atypia.