Marijuana Use During Stages of Pregnancy in the United States
Authors: Nora D. Volkow, Beth Han, Wilson M. Compton, Carlos Blanco
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Letters16 May 2017Marijuana Use During Stages of Pregnancy in the United StatesNora D. Volkow, MD, Beth Han, MD, PhD, MPH, Wilson M. Compton, MD, MPE, and Carlos Blanco, MD, PhDNora D. Volkow, MDFrom National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland; National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland., Beth Han, MD, PhD, MPHFrom National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland; National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland., Wilson M. Compton, MD, MPEFrom National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland; National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland., and Carlos Blanco, MD, PhDFrom National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland; National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L17-0067 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Background: Marijuana is the most common illicit drug used during pregnancy (1). Because of concerns about potential deleterious effects on neurodevelopment, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends that pregnant women discontinue marijuana consumption. Despite these recommendations, use increased among pregnant and nonpregnant women between 2002 and 2014 (2). Marijuana may have different effects across pregnancy trimesters, and use may be more frequent among pregnant teenagers.Objective: To examine the prevalence of past-month marijuana use among U.S. females between 2002–2015, by pregnancy trimester and sociodemographic characteristics, across the full range of reproductive ages.Methods: Data were obtained from females ...References1. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee on Obstetric Practice.. Committee opinion no. 637: marijuana use during pregnancy and lactation. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;126:234-8. [PMID: 26241291] doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000467192.89321.a6 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Brown QL, Sarvet AL, Shmulewitz D, Martins SS, Wall MM, Hasin DS. Trends in marijuana use among pregnant and nonpregnant reproductive-aged women, 2002-2014. JAMA. 2017;317:207-9. [PMID: 27992619] doi:10.1001/jama.2016.17383 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Resource Book Section 13: Statistical Inference Report. Rockville: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2016. Accessed at www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/NSDUHmrbStatInference2014.pdf on 1 October 2016. Google Scholar4. Volkow ND, Compton WM, Wargo EM. The risks of marijuana use during pregnancy. JAMA. 2017;317:129-30. [PMID: 27992628] doi:10.1001/jama.2016.18612 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Salas-Wright CP, Vaughn MG, Ugalde J, Todic J. Substance use and teen pregnancy in the United States: evidence from the NSDUH 2002-2012. Addict Behav. 2015;45:218-25. [PMID: 25706068] doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.01.039 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland; National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland.Note: Dr. Han had full access to all of the data in this study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions of this study are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, or U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The sponsors supported the authors, who were responsible for preparation, review, and approval of the manuscript and the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The sponsors had no role in the design and conduct of the study, analysis and interpretation of the data, preparation and review of the manuscript, or decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The sponsors reviewed and approved the manuscript. Dr. Compton reports ownership of stock in General Electric, 3M, and Pfizer unrelated to the submitted work; Dr. Blanco reports ownership of stock in General Electric, Sanofi, and Eli Lilly unrelated to the submitted work. Drs. Volkow and Han have no conflicts to disclose.Financial Support: The NSDUH was supported by contracts from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. This study was jointly sponsored by the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L17-0067.This article was published at Annals.org on 18 April 2017. 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Adashi, MD, MSCannabis Use Disorder During the Perinatal PeriodPsychosocial Correlates of Marijuana Use among Pregnant and Nonpregnant Adolescent GirlsRisks and Benefits of Marijuana Use A National Survey of U.S. AdultsSalomeh Keyhani, MD, MPH, Stacey Steigerwald, MSSA, Julie Ishida, MD, MAS, Marzieh Vali, MS, Magdalena Cerdá, DrPH, Deborah Hasin, PhD, Camille Dollinger, BS, Sodahm R. Yoo, BS, and Beth E. Cohen, MD, MASAdditive drug-specific and sex-specific risks associated with co-use of marijuana and tobacco during pregnancy: Evidence from 3 recent developmental cohorts (2003–2015)Media portrayal of prenatal and postpartum marijuana use in an era of scientific uncertaintyAssociation between use of marijuana and time to pregnancy in men and women: findings from the National Survey of Family GrowthPreclinical Studies of Cannabinoid Reward, Treatments for Cannabis Use Disorder, and Addiction-Related Effects of Cannabinoid ExposureSubstance Use Among Young Mothers: An Analysis of Facebook PostsThoughts About Journals, Altruism, Impact Factors, Marijuana, and the Physician Labeling Rule 16 May 2017Volume 166, Issue 10Page: 763-764KeywordsAddictionAdolescentsDisclosureDrug abuseDrugsHealth surveysMarijuanaPregnancyPsychiatry and mental healthSubstance abuse ePublished: 18 April 2017 Issue Published: 16 May 2017 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2017 by American College of Physicians. 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