tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Survival of patients with locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer after neoadjuvant platinum-containing chemotherapy: Experience of a single institute.
Authors: E. A. Ibrahim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

274 Background: Primary systemic chemotherapy is a standard approach to treating women with locally advanced breast cancers, with higher survival rates reported among patients who attain a pathologic complete response. Triple-negative breast cancer is a special biological entity that remains major challenge to oncologist. Around 12%-20% of breast cancers are triple negative. The current phase II study was conducted to evaluate the pathological complete response (pCR) using cis-platinum containing regimen as neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced triple negative breast cancer. Methods: Eighteen women with stage III triple negative breast cancer who were recruited between July 2007 and February 2010 at King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisted of 4 cycles of AC or FEC 100, followed by 4 cycles consisted of docetaxel-cisplatin every 3 weeks. Primary end point was pathological complete response. Results: Median age: 49 y (24-70); premenopausal: 16; 25% were below 35 years of age; Median tumor size: 9 cm (3.5-19); Grade III: 15; Stage IIIA: 3, IIIB:14, IIIC:1; all but 2 had positive nodes at diagnosis (89%). Clinical evaluation of response by RECIST criteria pre surgery: OR: 17/18 (94%), CR: 9 (50%); PR: 8 (44%).The second sequence with D-Cis-T doubled the rate of clinical CR obtained with AC/FEC. One patient was not operated due to disease progression. Pathological assessment, revealed that 8 (47%) pts had no residual invasive carcinoma in the breast; 3 (18%) had residual occasional scattered tumor cells less than 5 mm (pT1a); 10 (59%) had negative nodes; 8 achieved CpR and 2 nCpR. Patients with residual invasive component and/or nodal involvement had high baseline Ki 67 level. After a median follow up of 24 months, cumulative overall survival at 24 months is 88.9% for whole group. Cumulative overall survival in relation to response was 100% for patients who achieved pCR while overall cumulative survival rate for patients without pCR was 83.3% without statistical significance. Conclusions: This cisplatin based neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen was well tolerated and achieved a high rate of pCR/npCR.
The shorter multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment regimen in Singapore: are patients from South-East Asia eligible?
Authors: Cynthia B.E. Chee, Kyi-Win KhinMar, Li-H. Sng, Roland Jureen, Jeffery Cutter, Vernon J.M. Lee, Yee-Tang Wang
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major public health challenge, with an estimated 480 000 new cases emerging globally each year [1]. Treatment success rates using the 20-month conventional World Health Organization (WHO) regimen have been low, being about 52% in 2013 [1]. Observational studies in Bangladesh and several African countries have shown success rates of 84% using a shorter regimen [2–4]. Based on these studies, in May 2016 the WHO conditionally recommended a standardised, shorter 9–12-month regimen for MDR pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), comprising a 4–6-month intensive phase with a combination of kanamycin, moxifloxacin, prothionamide, clofazimine, pyrazinamide, high-dose isoniazid and ethambutol, followed by a 5-month continuation phase containing moxifloxacin, clofazimine, ethambutol and pyrazinamide [5]. Confirmed resistance (except to isoniazid) or suspected ineffectiveness to a drug in this regimen is one of the exclusion criteria [5]. About 30% of MDR pulmonary-TB patients in a SE Asian (Singaporean) sample are eligible for the WHO shorter regimen <http://ow.ly/KF3330dMSVs>
Graphene Field‐Effect Transistors for the Sensitive and Selective Detection of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Using Pyrene‐Tagged DNA Aptamer
Authors: Guangfu Wu, Ziwen Dai, Xin Tang, Zihong Lin, Pik Kwan Lo, M. Meyyappan, King Wai Chiu Lai
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Abstract This study reports biosensing using graphene field‐effect transistors with the aid of pyrene‐tagged DNA aptamers, which exhibit excellent selectivity, affinity, and stability for Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) detection. The aptamer is employed as the sensing probe due to its advantages such as high stability and high affinity toward small molecules and even whole cells. The change of the carrier density in the probe‐modified graphene due to the attachment of E. coli is discussed theoretically for the first time and also verified experimentally. The conformational change of the aptamer due to the binding of E. coli brings the negatively charged E. coli close to the graphene surface, increasing the hole carrier density efficiently in graphene and achieving electrical detection. The binding of negatively charged E. coli induces holes in graphene, which are pumped into the graphene channel from the contact electrodes. The carrier mobility, which correlates the gate voltage to the electrical signal of the APG‐FETs, is analyzed and optimized here. The excellent sensing performance such as low detection limit, high sensitivity, outstanding selectivity and stability of the graphene biosensor for E. coli detection paves the way to develop graphene biosensors for bacterial detection.
05.16 Transcriptome visualisation of the inflamed rheumatoid arthritis joint
Authors: Konstantin Carlberg, Sanja Vickovic, Patrik L Ståhl, Fredrik Salmén, Marina Korotkova, Vivianne Malmström, Joakim Lundeberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> The Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) synovial tissue is heterogenous with a mix of stromal and immune cells. Macrophages and T cells are the most abundant immune cells, while B cells are more rare and often found within ectopic lymphoid structures. Much of our understanding of the synovial inflammation is based on different immunostainings approaches. Here we have utilised the recently described Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) method to explore the RNA profile of tissue sections from RA synovial biopsies.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Two snap frozen synovial biopsies from ACPA+ HLA shared epitope+ RA patients undergoing joint replacement surgery was used. Sections of 7 µm representing a single layer of cells were cut and placed on a barcoded ST slide, fixated and stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin. Thereafter permeabilization of the cells and cDNA synthesis of the captured mRNA were conducted on chip, removal of the tissue and the DNA from the surface was released for library preparation. Sequencing was performed using Next-generation sequencing. The RNA-Seq data was de-convoluted back to its original position in the section based on the barcoded information, using the ST pipeline (https://github.com/jfnavarro/st_pipeline). Data analysis was performed using the R packages DESeq and EdgeR.<sup>2–3</sup> <h3>Results</h3> Extracted RNA from the synovial biopsies had RIN values of 8.6 and 9.2 respectively. On average 1 M reads per sample was generated with 17 800 numbers of detected genes from each tissue section. When focusing on the lymphocyte aggregates within the tissue, some displayed features of fully developed ectopic lymphnode stuctures including expression of T cell, B cell and APC specific and related genes such as CD2, CD52, CD20 and CXCL13. Differential expression analysis revealed clusters corresponding to fibrotic areas with high expression of genes involved in protein synthesis and protein-protein interactions, areas of infiltrates with high numbers of inflammation markers and areas surrounding infiltrates with genes involved in wound repair, tissue remodelling, motility and invasion. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The spatial transcriptomic method allows for both unbiased analysis of the transcriptional activity in tissue biopsies as well as hypothesis driven investigation of cell subsets defined by combinations of markers not easily captured by 2–3 parameters. <h3>References</h3> 1. Ståhl PL, et al.:Visualisation and analysis of gene expression in tissue sections by spatial transcriptomics. Science. 2016;353(6294):78–82 2. Love MI, Huber W, Anders S: Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2. Genome Biology. 2014;15:550. 3. Robinson MD, McCarthy DJ, Smith GK: edgeR: a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data. Bioinformatics. 2010;26(1):139–140.
Early Bortezomib Failure Predicts Shorter PFS: a Retrospective Analysis from 4 Victorian Centres
Authors: Krystal Bergin, Thomas E Lew, Annie W.S. Chow, Paul Kopanidis, Hui Yin Lim, Kah Lok Chan, Khai-Li Chai, Chong Chyn Chua, John Reynolds, Andrew Spencer
Journal: Blood (2016)
Recovery from the Middle East respiratory syndrome is associated with antibody and T cell responses
Authors: Jingxian Zhao, Abeer N. Alshukairi, Salim A. Baharoon, Waleed A. Ahmed, Ahmad A. Bokhari, Atef M. Nehdi, Laila A. Layqah, Mohammed G. Alghamdi, Manal M. Al Gethamy, Ashraf M. Dada, Imran Khalid, Mohamad Boujelal, Sameera M. Al Johani, Leatrice Vogel, Kanta Subbarao, Ashutosh Mangalam, Chaorong Wu, Patrick Ten Eyck, Stanley Perlman, Jincun Zhao
Journal: Science Immunology (2017)

MERS-CoV T cell responses can be detected in MERS survivors in the absence of detectable virus-specific antibody.
Direct Head-to-Head Evaluation of Recombinant Adeno-associated Viral Vectors Manufactured in Human versus Insect Cells
Authors: Oleksandr Kondratov, Damien Marsic, Sean M. Crosson, Hector R. Mendez-Gomez, Oleksandr Moskalenko, Mario Mietzsch, Regine Heilbronn, Jonathan R. Allison, Kari B. Green, Mavis Agbandje-McKenna, Sergei Zolotukhin
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2017)

The major drawback of the Baculovirus/Sf9 system for recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) manufacturing is that most of the Bac-derived rAAV vector serotypes, with few exceptions, demonstrate altered capsid compositions and lower biological potencies. Here, we describe a new insect cell-based production platform utilizing attenuated Kozak sequence and a leaky ribosome scanning to achieve a serotype-specific modulation of AAV capsid proteins stoichiometry. By way of example, rAAV5 and rAAV9 were produced and comprehensively characterized side by side with HEK293-derived vectors. A mass spectrometry analysis documented a 3-fold increase in both viral protein (VP)1 and VP2 capsid protein content compared with human cell-derived vectors. Furthermore, we conducted an extensive analysis of encapsidated single-stranded viral DNA using next-generation sequencing and show a 6-fold reduction in collaterally packaged contaminating DNA for rAAV5 produced in insect cells. Consequently, the re-designed rAAVs demonstrated significantly higher biological potencies, even in a comparison with HEK293-manufactured rAAVs mediating, in the case of rAAV5, 4-fold higher transduction of brain tissues in mice. Thus, the described system yields rAAV vectors of superior infectivity and higher genetic identity providing a scalable platform for good manufacturing practice (GMP)-grade vector production.
Penicillin allergy—getting the label right
Journal: BMJ (2017)

#### What you need to know

Penicillin allergy is a potentially serious adverse reaction that alters and reduces the options for antibacterial treatment, and which can be life threatening.1 It is the most commonly noted drug allergy in the UK, reported by about 10% of the population.2 3 It is estimated, however, that only around 20% of those reporting penicillin allergy are truly allergic.2 4 It is important that the term “penicillin allergy” is correctly applied to avoid adverse effects or inappropriate treatment.

Here, we discuss key features that help to distinguish patients at low or high risk of having a true penicillin allergy, summarise what is known about the risk of allergic reactions to other β lactam antibacterials in patients with penicillin allergy, and discuss the steps to consider when assessing a label of penicillin allergy.

Repeated exposure to antibacterials, for example in medical conditions that require frequent antibacterial use such as cystic fibrosis, is recognised as a clinical risk factor for penicillin allergy.1 Female sex has been identified as a risk factor in adults for both self reported and confirmed penicillin allergy,5 6 possibly related to greater antibacterial use in women.6 The prevalence of penicillin allergy appears to increase with age …
高齢者における炎症と脆弱性:系統的レビューとメタ分析【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Soysal Pinar, Stubbs Brendon, Lucato Paola, Luchini Claudio, Solmi Marco, Peluso Roberto, Sergi Giuseppe, Isik Ahmet Turan, Manzato Enzo, Maggi Stefania, Maggio Marcello, Prina A. Matthew, D Cosco Theodore, Wu Yu-Tzu, Veronese Nicola
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2016)
Purpura Annularis Telangiectodes of Majocchi Associated With the Initiation and Rechallenge of Apremilast for Psoriasis Vulgaris
Authors: Jaclyn A. Kalik, Harvey Friedman, Mark A. Bechtel, Alejandro A. Gru, Benjamin H. Kaffenberger
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Novel mcr-3 variant, encoding mobile colistin resistance, in an ST131 Escherichia coli isolate from bloodstream infection, Denmark, 2014
Authors: Louise Roer, Frank Hansen, Marc Stegger, Ute Wolff Sönksen, Henrik Hasman, Anette M Hammerum
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2017)

A novel variant of the plasmid-borne colistin resistance gene mcr-3 was detected on an IncHI2 plasmid in an ST131 CTX-M-55-producing Escherichia coli isolate from a Danish patient with bloodstream infection in 2014. The discovery of novel plasmid-borne genes conferring resistance to colistin is of special interest since colistin has reemerged as an important drug in the treatment of infections with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
Estimated burden of fungal infections in Italy
Authors: Matteo Bassetti, Alessia Carnelutti, Maddalena Peghin, Franco Aversa, Francesco Barchiesi, Corrado Girmenia, Livio Pagano, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Anna Maria Tortorano, Maria Teresa Montagna, Pierluigi Viale, Claudio Viscoli, David W. Denning
Journal: Journal of Infection (2017)
04.06 Alterations to adipose tissue-associated vasculopathology during inflammatory arthritis causes vascular dysfunction in dba/1 mice that is resolved by anti-tnf treatment
Authors: Katie Sime, Ernest H Choy, Anwen S Williams
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> The physiological function of adipose tissue is altered by the host's inflammatory response. The implications for maintaining human health or causing inflammation-associated cardiovascular disease are ill defined. The purpose of this study was to determine morphological and molecular alterations to perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) that functionally impair normal vascular function during inflammatory arthritis. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Aorta (PVAT intact), renal and gonadal white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) from the inter-scapular region were harvested from mice with established Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and age-matched naïve controls. Morphological analyses were undertaken on paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Molecular markers for WAT, BAT and macrophages were measured by qPCR. <h3>Results</h3> Cell number increased significantly by 1.8 fold in all adipose (CIA versus naïve mice). Adipocytes were compressed by CIA and voluminosity was significantly reduced in PVAT (2-fold) and BAT (4-fold) but not WAT. The classical M1 macrophage marker CD11c was significantly increase by CIA together with M2 markers such as Arg1 and CD206 in thoracic PVAT. iNOS expression (M1 marker) was not altered by CIA. Anti-TNF therapy reduced PVAT-associated inflammation and restored impaired constriction responses caused by CIA in excised aortae. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data, reveal potentially important arthritis-associated mechanisms and tissue changes in PVAT and BAT that may be important in the initiation and progression of cardiovascular disease during inflammatory arthritis. We identify CIA as a relevant model to study the abnormal body composition phenotype that are overrepresented in patients with RA and RA-associated cardiovascular comorbidities.
腫瘍低酸素症を克服し癌放射線療法を促進するための酸素貯留層としてのTaOx修飾されたペルフルオロカーボンナノ液滴【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Song Guosheng, Ji Chenghong, Liang Chao, Song Xuejiao, Yi Xuan, Dong Ziliang, Yang Kai, Liu Zhuang
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
迅速殺菌動力学,皮膚生体適合性およびin vivo殺菌活性を持つ非常に強力な抗菌ポリイオネン【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Liu Shaoqiong, J Ono Robert, Wu Hong, Teo Jye Yng, Liang Zhen Chang, Xu Kaijin, Zhang Musan, Zhong Guansheng, P K Tan Jeremy, Ng Michelle, Yang Chuan, Chan Julian, Ji Zhongkang, Bao Chang, Kumar Kiran, Gao Shujun, Lee Ashlynn, Fevre Mareva, Dong Huihui, Y Ying Jackie, Li Lanjuan, Fan Weimin, L Hedrick James, Yang Yi Yan
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
Modifiable Risk Factors and Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Dennis H. Lau, Stanley Nattel, Jonathan M Kalman, Prashanthan Sanders
Journal: Circulation (2017)

There has been increasing focus on the rising burden of atrial fibrillation (AF) since the turn of the millennium. The AF epidemic is projected not only to have an impact on morbidity and mortality, but also to result in increasing healthcare use and cost. Intensive research over the previous decades has improved our understanding of this complex arrhythmia while unraveling more knowledge gaps and inadequacies of current therapeutic options. Specifically, the advances in catheter ablation technology and strategies have not translated into significant gains in procedural success rates over recent years. Therefore, strategies aiming at lowering the risk of AF development and progression are urgently needed to curtail the AF epidemic and improve outcomes in affected individuals. Recent research has highlighted the potential beneficial effects of lifestyle and risk factor management for AF as upstream noninvasive therapy. The evidence supporting this treatment paradigm beyond routine clinical AF management argues for change in the delivery of care to patients who have this debilitating arrhythmia. In this review, we highlight the contributory role of risk factors to AF pathogenesis from both bench and bedside studies. Next, we discuss the rationale and potential benefits of risk factor modification for sinus rhythm maintenance. Last, we propose an integrated care model to incorporate risk factor modification as the fourth pillar of AF care in conjunction with established pillars of rate control, rhythm control, and anticoagulation therapy.
Intéret de l’ érythromycine per osenpréalableà l’exploration du grêle par vidéo capsule
Authors: O Favre, P Jacob, J Daudet
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Introduction: L’exploration par vidéo capsule Given Imaging® prend une place croissante dans la pathologie du grêle, mais le transit de la capsule peut être suffisamment long pour entraîner d’une part un certain nombre d’examens incomplets (caecum non atteint) et d’autre part un temps de lecture trop important pouvant apparaître comme un facteur limitant de la technique. Patients et Méthodes: Le but de ce travail a été d’étudier prospectivement l’apport de la prise de 500 mg d’érythromycine per os, 30 mn avant l’ingestion de la capsule, dans un groupe de 40-malades consécutifs d’avril à septembre 2003 en comparaison avec un groupe »historique« de 53 patients antérieurs n’ayant pas reçu d’éryhthromycine (Groupe témoin). Les critères de comparaison étaient:
07.05 Detection of polymorphisms in genes associated with azathioprine toxicity
Authors: Katerina Pavelcova, Lenka Petru, Blanka Stiburkova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Thiopurine S-methyltransferase is a key enzyme in the metabolization of azathioprine. Reduced activity leads to the accumulation of a toxic metabolite 6-thioguanine. This condition is genetically determined (OMIM *187680) and it occurs in 11% individuals of the Caucasian population. Testing of frequent pathogenic allelic variants before azathioprine therapy is recommended for c.238G&gt;C, c.460G&gt;A, c.626–1G&gt;A and c.719A&gt;G. These variants are most frequent (covers more than 95% cases of reduced activity of TPMT enzyme). Defects in other enzymes involved in azathioprine metabolization are extremely rare. Hereditary xanthinuria type I is caused by a mutation in the <i>XDH</i> gene (OMIM #278300) and it reduce the activity of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH). Type II is caused by the mutation in <i>XDH</i> and <i>AOX1</i> and/or <i>MOCOS</i> gene (OMIM #603592) and lead to inactivity of XDH and aldehyde oxidase (AOX1). Molybdenum cofactor sulfurase (encoded by <i>MOCOS</i>) is essential for activities of XDH and AOX1. In patients with purine enzymopathy the accumulation of 6-thioguanine may also occur. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> We examined the occurrence of pathogenic allelic variants c.238G&gt;C, c.460G&gt;A, c.626–1G&gt;A, c.719A&gt;G by PCR amplification and direct sequencing in 62 individuals. In addition, we analysed remaining exons of the <i>TPMT</i> gene in four patients with the history of myelotoxicity. In one patient with undetectable serum UA levels we performed high-performance liquid chromatography of urine and we subsequently analysed <i>XDH</i>, <i>AOX1</i> and <i>MOCOS</i> genes. <h3>Results</h3> We detected heterozygous allelic variant c.238G&gt;C in one case, heterozygous c.460G&gt;A in six cases, heterozygous c.719A&gt;G in seven cases and homozygous c.719A&gt;G in one case. In one patient with myelotoxicity after azathioprine we discovered an unpublished allelic variant c.85T&gt;C (<i>in silico</i> analysis predicted damaging effect). In one patient we diagnosed xanthinuria type II (xanthine in urine was 137 mmol/mol creatinine - reference &lt;25) and subsequently analysis identified rare homozygous allelic variant c.362C&gt;T in the <i>MOCOS</i> (<i>in silico</i> analysis predicted damaging effect). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We detected pathogenic allelic variants in the <i>TPMT</i> in ten patients from 62 individuals. The examination of reduced TPMT enzyme activity should become a standard of care. The relationship between purine enzymopathies and azathioprine metabolization should be further studied. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Supported by Ministry of Health, Czech Republic - conceptual development of research organisation (Institute of Rheumatology – RÚ, 00023728).