tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RISK FACTORS FOR GROIN INJURIES IN ELITE MALE SOCCER PLAYERS
Authors: Anne-Marie van Beijsterveldt, Igor Tak, Rob Langhout, Janine Stubbe
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background Groin pain is common in sports. More insight in risk factors is important to prevent groin injuries. Objective To examine potential risk factors for groin injuries. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Project focusing on prevention and rehabilitation of groin injuries in elite male soccer players. Participants Teams of the first and second division in the Netherlands were invited to participate. The final cohort consisted of 238 players from 10 teams. Assessment of risk factors During the 2015-preseason the soccer players were examined through a baseline questionnaire on player characteristics and complaints (including Hip And Groin Outcome Score, HAGOS), and a clinical examination of the hip/groin (including several Range of Motion (ROM) tests and eccentric strength tests). Main outcome measurements The dependent variable is the occurrence of a groin injury. The hypothesis is that intrinsic risk factors, like previous (groin) injuries, hip/groin complaints, low hip ROM, and low hip muscle strength, are associated with increased risk of groin injuries. Logistic regression analyses were used to analyse the relationship between the occurrence of a groin injury and potential risk factors. Results In total, 28 groin injuries were reported, affecting 21 players. The incidence of groin injuries was 0.14 injuries per 1000 training hours (95% CI 0.06–0.31), and 2.41 injuries per 1000 match hours (95% CI 1.30–4.48). There were 6 minor injuries (time-loss &lt;7 days), 7 moderate injuries (8–28 days) and 8 severe injuries (&gt;28 days). In a multivariate model only injury history (moderate/severe injury during the previous season) was significantly associated with increased risk of groin injuries (OR=3.11, 95% CI 1.20–8.09, p=0.02). A multivariate analysis without minor injuries revealed no significant risk factors. Conclusion Injury history is a significant risk factor for groin injuries: players with an injury lasting at least one week previous season have a three times higher injury risk.
Phase II Study of Proton-Based Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Liver Metastases: Importance of Tumor Genotype
Authors: Theodore S. Hong, Jennifer Y. Wo, Darrell R. Borger, Beow Y. Yeap, Erin I. McDonnell, Henning Willers, Lawrence S. Blaszkowsky, Eunice L. Kwak, Jill N. Allen, Jeffrey W. Clark, Shyam Tanguturi, Lipika Goyal, Janet E. Murphy, John A. Wolfgang, Lorraine C. Drapek, Ronald S. Arellano, Harvey J. Mamon, John T. Mullen, Kenneth K. Tanabe, Cristina R. Ferrone, David P. Ryan, A. John Iafrate, Thomas F. DeLaney, Andrew X. Zhu
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2017)

We evaluated the efficacy and safety of risk-adapted, proton-based stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for liver metastases from solid tumors.This single-arm phase II single institutional study (NCT01239381) included patients with limited extrahepatic disease, 800 mL or greater of uninvolved liver, and no cirrhosis or Child-Pugh A, who had received proton-based SBRT to one to four liver metastases from solid tumors. Treatment comprised 30 to 50 Gray equivalent (GyE) in five fractions based on the effective volume of liver irradiated. Sample size was calculated to determine if local control (LC) at one year was greater than 70%. The cumulative incidence of local failure was used to estimate LC. The association of tumor characteristics, including genetic alterations in common cancer genes such as BRAF, EGFR, HER2, KRAS, NRAS, PIK3CA, and TP53 with local tumor control, was assessed. All statistical tests were two-sided.Eighty-nine patients were evaluable (colorectal, n = 34; pancreatic, n = 13; esophagogastric, n = 12; other, n = 30). Median tumor size was 2.5 cm (range = 0.5-11.9 cm). Median dose was 40 GyE (range = 30-50 GyE), and median follow-up was 30.1 months (range = 14.7-53.8 months). There was no grade 3 to 5 toxicity. Median survival time was 18.1 months. The one- and three-year LC rates were 71.9% (95% confidence limit [CL] = 62.3% to 80.9%) and 61.2% (95% CL = 50.8% to 71.8%), respectively. For large tumors (≥6 cm), one-year LC remained high at 73.9% (95% CL = 54.6% to 89.8%). Mutation in the KRAS oncogene was the strongest predictor of poor LC (P = .02). Tumor with both mutant KRAS and TP53 were particularly radioresistant, with a one-year LC rate of only 20.0%, compared with 69.2% for all others (P = .001).We report the largest prospective evaluation to date of liver SBRT for hepatic metastases, and the first with protons. Protons were remarkably well tolerated and effective even for metastases that were 6 cm or larger. KRAS mutation is a strong predictor of poor LC, stressing the need for tumor genotyping prior to SBRT and treatment intensification in this patient subset.
Reliability of the scat2/3 in college athletes
Authors: Martin Mrazik, Jessica Lenchyshyn, Carley Borza, Dhiren Naidu, Constance M Lebrun
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To evaluate psychometric properties of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT). Design Retrospective clinical study in which athletes completed the SCAT over 2 consecutive seasons. Athletic therapists administered the SCAT and a pre-season medical questionnaire. Setting University setting. Participants 165 college athletes who were enrolled at a university in Western Canada who played collision sports. Intervention the SCAT2 and subsequently the SCAT3 was administered to all participants at baseline. Main outcome measures Intraclass coefficients (ICC’s) and paired sample t-tests. Main results The intraclass reliability coefficients for demographic variables ranged from moderate to good (0.66 to 0.94). The reliability of the cognitive test results and balance error scoring system (BESS) was rated as good (0.83 and 0.88 respectively). Total symptom report and symptom severity report was moderate, with significant differences noted between males and females. History of concussion did not significantly impact reliability coefficients. Among the 22 athletes who suffered concussions during a competitive season, the reliability of the core components of the SCAT remained high. Conclusions The reliability of the SCAT2/3 is classified as good although symptom report is more variable Competing interests None. Keywords: concussion, sport concussion assessment tool, psychometric properties
Chimeric PD-1:28 Receptor Upgrades Low-Avidity T cells and Restores Effector Function of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Adoptive Cell Therapy
Authors: Ramona Schlenker, Luis Felipe Olguín-Contreras, Matthias Leisegang, Julia Schnappinger, Anja Disovic, Svenja Rühland, Peter J. Nelson, Heinrich Leonhardt, Hartmann Harz, Susanne Wilde, Dolores J. Schendel, Wolfgang Uckert, Gerald Willimsky, Elfriede Noessner
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Inherent intermediate- to low-affinity T-cell receptors (TCR) that develop during the natural course of immune responses may not allow sufficient activation for tumor elimination, making the majority of T cells suboptimal for adoptive T-cell therapy (ATT). TCR affinity enhancement has been implemented to provide stronger T-cell activity but carries the risk of creating undesired cross-reactivity leading to potential serious adverse effects in clinical application. We demonstrate here that engineering of low-avidity T cells recognizing a naturally processed and presented tumor-associated antigen with a chimeric PD-1:28 receptor increases effector function to levels seen with high-avidity T cells of identical specificity. Upgrading the function of low-avidity T cells without changing the TCR affinity will allow a large arsenal of low-avidity T cells previously thought to be therapeutically inefficient to be considered for ATT. PD-1:28 engineering reinstated Th1 function in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes that had been functionally disabled in the human renal cell carcinoma environment without unleashing undesired Th2 cytokines or IL10. Involved mechanisms may be correlated to restoration of ERK and AKT signaling pathways. In mouse tumor models of ATT, PD-1:28 engineering enabled low-avidity T cells to proliferate stronger and prevented PD-L1 upregulation and Th2 polarization in the tumor milieu. Engineered T cells combined with checkpoint blockade secreted significantly more IFNγ compared with T cells without PD-1:28, suggesting a beneficial combination with checkpoint blockade therapy or other therapeutic strategies. Altogether, the supportive effects of PD-1:28 engineering on T-cell function make it an attractive tool for ATT. Cancer Res; 77(13); 3577–90. ©2017 AACR.
Characterization and corrosion property of nano-rod-like HA on fluoride coating supported on Mg-Zn-Ca alloy
Authors: Yashan Feng, Shijie Zhu, Liguo Wang, Lei Chang, Bingbing Yan, Xiaozhe Song, Shaokang Guan
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2017)

The poor corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium alloys is the dominant factor that limits their clinical application. In this study, to deal with this challenge, fluoride coating was prepared on Mg-Zn-Ca alloy as the inner coating and then hydroxyapatite (HA) coating as the outer coating was deposited on fluoride coating by pulse reverse current electrodeposition (PRC-HA/MgF2). As a comparative study, the microstructure and corrosion properties of the composite coating with the outer coating fabricated by traditional constant current electrodeposition (TED-HA/MgF2) were also investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the coatings show that the morphology of PRC-HA/MgF2 coating is dense and uniform, and presents nano-rod-like structure. Compared with that of TED-HA/MgF2, the corrosion current density of Mg alloy coated with PRC-HA/MgF2 coatings decreases from 5.72 × 10-5 A/cm2 to 4.32 × 10-7 A/cm2, and the corrosion resistance increases by almost two orders of magnitude. In immersion tests, samples coated with PRC-HA/MgF2 coating always show the lowest hydrogen evolution amount, and could induce deposition of the hexagonal structure-apatite on the surface rapidly. The results show that the corrosion resistance and the bioactivity of the coatings have been improved by adopting double-pulse current mode in the process of preparing HA on fluoride coating, and the PRC-HA/MgF2 coating is worth of further investigation.
12 Months Of Low Dose CT Scan Screening An Asbestos Exposed Population: Results From The Western Australia Asbestos Review Program
Authors: Fraser Brims, C. Murray, N. De Klerk, H. Alfonso, A. Reid, P. Wong, J. Teh, N. Olsen, R. Mina, A. Musk
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)
Phase II study of neoadjuvant high-dose ifosfamide with concurrent radiotherapy followed by surgical resection in high-risk soft tissue sarcoma: A Spanish Group for Research on Sarcomas (GEIS) study.
Authors: Xavier Garcia del Muro, Antonio Lopez-Pousa, Maria Jose Flor, Andrés Redondo, Josefina Cruz Jurado, Raquel Andres, Antonio Casado, Joaquin Fra, Jose A. Lopez-Martin, Juan Maurel, Claudia María Valverde, Oscar Gallego, Jose Antonio Narvaez, Silvia Bague, Xavier Sanjuan, Juan M Vinyals
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

10052 Background: High-dose ifosfamide (HDI) has shown promising activity as single agent in first-line chemotherapy for advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS). The purpose of this study was to assess the activity and toxicity of a preoperative doxorubicin-free regimen of HDI given concurrently with radiotherapy (RT) and followed by surgery in patients (pts) with localized high-risk STS. Methods: Pts with localized &gt; 5 cm grade 2-3 and deep STS of the extremities and trunk wall, ≤65 years, no prior chemotherapy and ECOG PS 0-1 were enrolled in this multicenter phase II study. Pts received 3 cycles of preoperative HDI at a dose of 12 gr/m2 by continuous infusion over 5 days every 3 weeks, with mesna and prophylactic GCSF support, and concomitant external beam RT to a total dose of 50 Gy, followed by surgical resection. Postoperatively, pts with pathological response received 2 cycles of HDI and those with positive surgical margins 16 Gy of RT. The primary study endpoint was pathologic response (≥ 95% pathologic necrosis). A Simon 2-stage design (response rate P0=15%, P1=35%, α=0.10, β=0.10) required at least 2 responses in the first 17 pts to expand to a second cohort, and 7/32 responses to be considered of positive. Results: From March 08 to December 10, 34 pts were included. Two pts were ineligible. Median age was 54 (18-65). Tumor location was extremity (28 pts) and trunk wall (4). Preoperative planned treatment was completed in 87.5% pts. HDI was completed in 87.5% pts while RT in 94% pts. Grade 3-4 toxicities included neutropenic fever (3 pts), anemia (4), asthenia (2), infection (2) and radiation dermatitis (2). 31 pts underwent surgery: 27 were R0 resections, of which 2 were amputations, and 4 were R1 resections. Pathologic response was ≥ 95% necrosis in 9 pts (28%) and 50%-94% necrosis in 12 pts. After a median follow-up of 21 months, estimated 2-year rates for disease-free survival and overall survival were 58% (95%CI, 40%-77%) and 77% (95%CI, 61%-93%), respectively. Conclusions: Preoperative treatment with HDI given concurrently with RT in pts with high-risk STS is feasible and safe, yielding promising pathologic response rates.
Predicting Cardiovascular Events in Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Leopoldo Pérez de Isla, Rodrigo Alonso, Nelva Mata, Cristina Fernández-Pérez, Ovidio Muñiz, José Luis Díaz-Díaz, Adriana Saltijeral, Francisco Fuentes-Jiménez, Raimundo de Andrés, Daniel Zambón, Mar Piedecausa, José María Cepeda, Marta Mauri, Jesús Galiana, Ángel Brea, Juan Francisco Sanchez Muñoz-Torrero, Teresa Padró, Rosa Argueso, José Pablo Miramontes-González, Lina Badimón, Raúl D. Santos, Gerald F. Watts, Pedro Mata
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Although risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) have been described, models for predicting incident ASCVD have not been reported. Our aim was to use the SAFEHEART registry (Spanish Familial Hypercholesterolemia Cohort Study) to define key risk factors for predicting incident ASCVD in patients with FH. Methods: SAFEHEART is a multicenter, nationwide, long-term prospective cohort study of a molecularly defined population with FH with or without previous ASCVD. Analyses to define risk factors and to build a risk prediction equation were developed, and the risk prediction equation was tested for its ability to discriminate patients who experience incident ASCVD from those who did not over time. Results: We recruited 2404 adult patients with FH who were followed up for a mean of 5.5 years (SD, 3.2 years), during which 12 (0.5%) and 122 (5.1%) suffered fatal and nonfatal incident ASCVD, respectively. Age, male sex, history of previous ASCVD, high blood pressure, increased body mass index, active smoking, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lipoprotein(a) levels were independent predictors of incident ASCVD from which a risk equation with a Harrell C index of 0.85 was derived. The bootstrap resampling (100 randomized samples) of the original set for internal validation showed a degree of overoptimism of 0.003. Individual risk was estimated for each person without an established diagnosis of ASCVD before enrollment in the registry by use of the SAFEHEART risk equation, the modified Framingham risk equation, and the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association ASCVD Pooled Cohort Risk Equations. The Harrell C index for these models was 0.81, 0.78, and 0.8, respectively, and differences between the SAFEHEART risk equation and the other 2 were significant ( P =0.023 and P =0.045). Conclusions: The risk of incident ASCVD may be estimated in patients with FH with simple clinical predictors. This finding may improve risk stratification and could be used to guide therapy in patients with FH. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT02693548.
Deconvoluting the Bioactivity of Calcium Phosphate‐Based Bone Graft Substitutes: Strategies to Understand the Role of Individual Material Properties
Authors: Víctor Pablo Galván‐Chacón, Pamela Habibovic
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Calcium phosphate (CaP)‐based ceramics are the most widely applied synthetic biomaterials for repair and regeneration of damaged and diseased bone. CaP bioactivity is regulated by a set of largely intertwined physico‐chemical and structural properties, such as the surface microstructure, surface energy, porosity, chemical composition, crystallinity and stiffness. Unravelling the role of each individual property in the interaction between the biomaterial and the biological system is a prerequisite for evolving from a trial‐and‐error approach to a design‐driven approach in the development of new functional biomaterials. This progress report critically reviews various strategies developed to decouple the roles of the individual material properties in the biological performance of CaP ceramics. It furthermore emphasizes on the importance of a comprehensive and adequate material characterization that is needed to enhance our knowledge of the property‐function relationship of biomaterials used in bone regeneration, and in regenerative medicine in general.
Receded near point of convergence and gait are associated after concussion
Authors: David R Howell, Michael J O’Brien, Aparna Raghuram, Ankoor S Shah, William P Meehan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To examine post-concussion gait among patients with and without receded near point of convergence (NPC) and uninjured controls. Design Prospective observational study. Setting Regional sport-concussion clinic. Participants Thirty-one patients presented 10.1 [95% CI=8.1, 12.1] days post-concussion (57% female, age=16.5 [15.4, 17.7]); 38 controls were tested (55% female, age=15.5 [13.6, 17.4]). Participants completed symptom, NPC, and single/dual-task gait assessments. Exclusion criteria were a current lower extremity injury or diagnosed learning disability. Intervention The effect of group (receded NPC, normal NPC, control) and task (single/dual) were evaluated via ANOVA. NPC and gait correlations were calculated. Outcome measures NPC was the patient-reported diplopia point while a fixation target moved toward the nose. Receded NPC was &gt;5 cm from the tip of the nose. Three inertial sensors quantified gait; variables included average gait speed, cadence, and stride length. Results Nineteen concussion patients presented with receded NPC, 12 did not. Symptom severity was not significantly different between groups (27.1 [18.6, 35.6] vs. 26.3 [17.1, 35.5]). Those with receded NPC exhibited slower average gait speed (1.02 [0.93, 1.11] m/s vs. 1.19 [1.14, 1.24] m/s, p&lt;0.001) and shorter stride lengths (1.11 [1.05, 1.18] m vs. 1.27 [1.23, 1.31] m, p=0.001) than controls. Near NPC and single-task gait speed were moderately correlated (ρ=−0.54, p= 0.002). Conclusions Adolescents with receded NPC post-concussion exhibited significant gait-related alterations compared to healthy controls; those with normal NPC did not. Vergence and gross motor system dysfunction may be interrelated following concussion and may provide useful information to post-concussion evaluations. Competing interests Dr. Meehan receives royalties from ABC-Clio publishing for the sale of his book, Kids, Sports, and Concussion: A guide for coaches and parents, and royalties from Wolters Kluwer for working as an author for UpToDate. He is under contract with ABC-Clio publishing for a future book entitled, Concussions, and with Springer International publishing for a future book entitled, Head and Neck Injuries in Young Athletes. His research is funded, in part, by a grant from the National Football League Players Association and by philanthropic support from the National Hockey League Alumni Association through the Corey C. Griffin Pro-Am Tournament. Dr. O’Brien receives royalties from Wolters Kluwer for working as an author for UpToDate. He is under contract with Springer International publishing for a book entitled, Head and Neck Injuries in Young Athletes. Drs. Howell, Shah, and Raghuram have no conflicts of interest to report.
Rapidly Evolving Toll-3/4 Genes Encode Male-Specific Toll-Like Receptors in Drosophila
Authors: Tera C. Levin, Harmit S. Malik
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2017)

Animal Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have evolved through a pattern of duplication and divergence. Whereas mammalian TLRs directly recognize microbial ligands, Drosophila Tolls bind endogenous ligands downstream of both developmental and immune signaling cascades. Here, we find that most Toll genes in Drosophila evolve slowly with little gene turnover (gains/losses), consistent with their important roles in development and indirect roles in microbial recognition. In contrast, we find that the Toll-3/4 genes have experienced an unusually rapid rate of gene gains and losses, resulting in lineage-specific Toll-3/4s and vastly different gene repertoires among Drosophila species, from zero copies (e.g., D. mojavensis) to nineteen copies (e.g., D. willistoni). In D. willistoni, we find strong evidence for positive selection in Toll-3/4 genes, localized specifically to an extracellular region predicted to overlap with the binding site of Spätzle, the only known ligand of insect Tolls. However, because Spätzle genes are not experiencing similar selective pressures, we hypothesize that Toll-3/4s may be rapidly evolving because they bind to a different ligand, akin to TLRs outside of insects. We further find that most Drosophila Toll-3/4 genes are either weakly expressed or expressed exclusively in males, specifically in the germline. Unlike other Toll genes in D. melanogaster, Toll-3, and Toll-4 have apparently escaped from essential developmental roles, as knockdowns have no substantial effects on viability or male fertility. Based on these findings, we propose that the Toll-3/4 genes represent an exceptionally rapidly evolving lineage of Drosophila Toll genes, which play an unusual, as-yet-undiscovered role in the male germline.
Bacterial colonization and succession in a newly opened hospital
Authors: Simon Lax, Naseer Sangwan, Daniel Smith, Peter Larsen, Kim M. Handley, Miles Richardson, Kristina Guyton, Monika Krezalek, Benjamin D. Shogan, Jennifer Defazio, Irma Flemming, Baddr Shakhsheer, Stephen Weber, Emily Landon, Sylvia Garcia-Houchins, Jeffrey Siegel, John Alverdy, Rob Knight, Brent Stephens, Jack A. Gilbert
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2017)

Patients share their microbiota with their rooms and with nursing staff, and this shapes the microbial ecology of the hospital environment.