tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Surto de gastroenterite por Campylobacter jejuni num colégio de Madrid, Espanha
Authors: M Jiménez, P Soler, J D Venanzi, P Canté, C Varela, J. F. Martinez Navarro
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

Em maio de 2003 um surto de gastroenteritis por Campylobacter foi detectado num colegio de Madrid, Espanha. Oitenta-e-um casos de Campylobacter foram identificados sobre um total de 253 pessoas estudadas. Um estudo de cohorte retrospectiva mostrou uma associacao entre o consumo de pasteis de nata feitos com leite UHT (ultra high temperature) e a doenca (RR: 3.15; 95% CI: 1.25-7.93). Os pasteis foram provavelmente contaminados com Campylobacter jejuni proveniente de carne de frango preparado no dia anterior na mesma cozinha. As nossas recommendacoes foram periodicamente lembrar as autoridades escolares a conduta a ser tomada quando se suspeita um surto da doenca no colegio; incluir em cada investigacao ambiental o seguimento de um dia completo de trabalho dos manipuladores de alimentos para detectar comportamentos de risco; melhorar o estudo microbiologico das superficies e utensilios das cozinhas collectivas e melhorar a educacao sanitaria dos empregados de cozinha.
Endoscopic drainage of an infected post-surgical abdominal fluid collection using a lumen-apposing metal stent
Authors: Arvind Trindade, Yonatan Hillman, John Wang, Petros Benias, Larry Miller
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

A 63-year-old man with a history of non-small cell lung cancer in remission following left upper lobe lobectomy was found to have a 5 cm mass along the inferior aspect of the stomach that had enlarged from a previous computed tomography (CT) scan. He underwent a Billroth II gastrectomy with resection of the mass, which was consistent with a metastasis of the primary tumor. Three weeks after abdominal surgery, he developed new-onset abdominal pain and fever to 102 degrees Fahrenheit. A CT scan showed a new 7.4 cm post-surgical abdominal fluid collection (AFC), just medial to the gastrojejunostomy anastomosis, which extended into the porta hepatis ([Fig. 1]). The fluid was of higher density than simple fluid and was thought to be infected.
Clinical efficacy of atezolizumab (Atezo) in PD-L1 subgroups defined by SP142 and 22C3 IHC assays in 2L+ NSCLC: Results from the randomized OAK study
Authors: S. Gadgeel, M. Kowanetz, W. Zou, F.R. Hirsch, K.M. Kerr, D.R. Gandara, F. Barlesi, K. Park, M. McCleland, H. Koeppen, M. Ballinger, A. Sandler, P.S. Hegde, A. Rittmeyer
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
A multicentre phase II study of AZD1775 plus chemotherapy in patients with platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer
Authors: K.N. Moore, K.A. Cadoo, S. Chambers, S. Ghamande, G. Konecny, A.M. Oza, L-M. Chen, P.A. Konstantinopoulos, J. Lea, D. Spitz, D. Uyar, G. Mugundu, N. Laing, D.K. Strickland, S. Jones, H. Burris, D.R. Spigel, E. Hamilton
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Localized undifferentiated endometrial sarcomas (LUES): Results of a French Sarcoma Group (FSG) retrospective series of 39 patients (pts)
Authors: M. Meurer, F. Duffaud, S. Salas, F. Bertucci, A. Floquet, N. Penel, I. Ray-Coquard, A. Italiano, J-Y. Blay, P. Pautier, M. Delannes, S. Piperno-Neumann, J. Mancini, M. Auriche
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Prenylation of Rab6a as a Potency Assay for Choroideremia Gene Therapy
Authors: M I Patricio, A R Barnard, R E MacLaren
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2017)

Choroideremia (CHM) is a rare, X-linked recessive retinal dystrophy caused by mutations in the CHM gene. This gene encodes for Rab escort protein 1 (REP1), which is ubiquitously expressed in human cells and plays a key role in intracellular trafficking through the prenylation of RabGTPases. Deficiency of REP1 prevents Rab proteins of being prenylated and delivered to the target membrane, causing cellular dysfunction and ultimately cell death. As the use of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors for choroideremia gene therapy becomes a clinical reality, there is a need for reliable and sensitive assays to determine the activity of exogenously delivered CHM. In vitro prenylation using a biotinylated lipid donor and a Rab protein as a substrate has been proven to assess REP1 function. 142 Molecular Therapy Vol. 25 No 5S1 May 2017 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Assay Development Molecular Therapy Here we describe an in vitro potency assay using Rab6a to test AAV vectors for choroideremia gene therapy
Exosomal Del-1 as a potent diagnostic marker for breast cancer: A prospective cohort study.
Authors: Soo Jung Lee, Jeeyeon Lee, Jin Hyang Jung, Ho Yong Park, Chan-Hyeong Lee, Pyong-Gon Moon, Moon-Chang Baek, Jae-Hwan Jeong, Ji-young Park, Yee Soo Chae
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

11548 Background: The authors recently reported exosomal Del-1 as a diagnostic marker for breast cancer (Moon PG et al, Clin Cancer Res. 2016). Therefore, the current study aimed to confirm the diagnostic role of exosomal Del-1 in a prospective cohort with breast cancer by comparing plasma exosomal Del-1 levels before and after curative surgery. Methods: To identify the optimal time of sampling after surgery, blood samples were serially collected at day 1, 3, 5, and 7 after surgery from 22 patients with breast cancer. Thereafter, one hundred fourteen breast cancer patients who underwent curative surgery were prospectively enrolled and then their exosomal Del-1 levels before and after surgery were compared using ELISA with both anti-Del-1 and anti-CD63 antibodies. Results: Among 22 patients for identifying the optimal sampling time, all the exosomal Del-1 levels were normalized at post-operative day (POD) 1 (0.5 or less), and therefore POD 3 or later was accepted for the sampling time for 114 prospective patient cohort.At diagnosis, exosomal Del-1 levels of 110 (96.5%) patients were higher ( &gt; 0.5) and 109 (99.1%) patients showed a normalization of Del-1 after surgery including four patients with the borderline Del-1 (between 0.4 and 0.5). During the mean follow-up duration of 21.8 (range, 5.9 – 58.4) months, nine (7.9%) patients experienced relapses (4 loco-regional and 5 distant), where 3 out of 6 in high group ( &gt; 0.5), 2 out of 4 in borderline group, and 4 out of 105 in normalized group (≤0.4). In particular, patients who relapsed in higher Del-1 group showed earlier relapse compared to the relapsed patients in lower Del-1 group. Conclusions: As the current prospective cohort study demonstrated a normalization of exosomal Del-1 after curative surgery, exosomal Del-1 can be confirmed as a potent diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer. Plus, a high Del-1 level after surgery seems related with early relapse suggesting a potential prognostic marker by identifying the existence of residual tumor.
Workplace mental health training for managers and its effect on sick leave in employees: a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Josie S Milligan-Saville, Leona Tan, Aimée Gayed, Caryl Barnes, Ira Madan, Mark Dobson, Richard A Bryant, Helen Christensen, Arnstein Mykletun, Samuel B Harvey
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2017)
New treatments in Oncology: Clinical practice regarding the management of Adverse Events (AEs). Results from a survey conducted by the Hellenic Group of Young Oncologists (HeGYO)
Authors: M. Liontos, F. Koinis, G. Chatsidis, K. Kamposioras, G. Papaxoinis, M. Nikolaou, K. Tsigaridas, E. Voulgaris, E. Pantavou, G. Aravantinos, A. Ardavanis, I. Boukovinas, E. Galani, S. Angelaki, G. Mountzios, Z. Saridaki, I. Varthalitis, N. Tsoukalas
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Local, national, and regional viral haemorrhagic fever pandemic potential in Africa: a multistage analysis
Authors: David M Pigott, Aniruddha Deshpande, Ian Letourneau, Chloe Morozoff, Robert C Reiner, Moritz U G Kraemer, Shannon E Brent, Isaac I Bogoch, Kamran Khan, Molly H Biehl, Roy Burstein, Lucas Earl, Nancy Fullman, Jane P Messina, Adrian Q N Mylne, Catherine L Moyes, Freya M Shearer, Samir Bhatt, Oliver J Brady, Peter W Gething, Daniel J Weiss, Andrew J Tatem, Luke Caley, Tom De Groeve, Luca Vernaccini, Nick Golding, Peter Horby, Jens H Kuhn, Sandra J Laney, Edmond Ng, Peter Piot, Osman Sankoh, Christopher J L Murray, Simon I Hay
Journal: The Lancet (2017)

Predicting when and where pathogens will emerge is difficult, yet, as shown by the recent Ebola and Zika epidemics, effective and timely responses are key. It is therefore crucial to transition from reactive to proactive responses for these pathogens. To better identify priorities for outbreak mitigation and prevention, we developed a cohesive framework combining disparate methods and data sources, and assessed subnational pandemic potential for four viral haemorrhagic fevers in Africa, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, Ebola virus disease, Lassa fever, and Marburg virus disease.
Which pain medications are effective for sciatica (radicular leg pain)?
Authors: Rafael Zambelli Pinto, Annemieke J. H. Verwoerd, Bart W. Koes,
Journal: BMJ (2017)

#### What you need to know

Sciatica is commonly seen in primary care. Its prevalence in the general population varies between 3% and 14%, depending on the definition used.1 The prognosis of acute sciatica is generally favourable: data from a prospective study of 183 patients with a median disease duration of 16 days show that in approximately one third of patients, symptoms improve greatly (ie, measured on a 4 point scale, 1=worsened, 2=remained unchanged, 3=improved, and 4=improved greatly) within two weeks, and about three quarters of patients reported any improvement within 12 weeks.2 Nevertheless, in another study of 172 patients, 30% continued to report persistent and disabling symptoms after one year.3

Sciatica is a symptom rather than a specific diagnosis4 and is used broadly to refer to pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve.5

The commonest cause of sciatica is impingement of lumbosacral nerve roots, as they emerge from the spinal canal, by a herniated intervertebral disc (fig 1). Other causes of impingement include spondylolisthesis and spinal tumours or cysts.4 For this reason, symptoms of sciatica often co-exist with low back pain, but disturbances along the course of the sciatic nerve can also arise from locations other than the lower back (ie, due to piriformis syndrome, diabetic radiculopathy, and hip fracture or dislocation).5



Fig 1  Common causes of sciatica. Disc herniation is the commonest cause. Spondylolisthesis can cause impingement



Patients with sciatica …
Visceral adiposity increases risk for hepatocellular carcinoma in male patients with cirrhosis and recurrence after liver transplant
Authors: Aldo J. Montano‐Loza, Vera C. Mazurak, Maryam Ebadi, Judith Meza‐Junco, Michael B. Sawyer, Vickie E. Baracos, Norman Kneteman
Journal: Hepatology (2017)

Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a metabolically active organ, associated with higher risk of malignancies. We evaluated whether VAT is associated with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients presenting with cirrhosis as well as HCC recurrence after liver transplantation (LT). Patients with cirrhosis (n = 678; 457 male) who were assessed for LT (289 with HCC) were evaluated for body composition analysis. Patients who underwent LT (n = 247, 168 male) were subsequently evaluated for body composition, and 96 of these patients (78 male) had HCC. VAT, subcutaneous adipose tissues, and total adipose tissues were quantified by computed tomography at the level of the third lumbar vertebra and reported as indexes (cross‐sectional area normalized for height [square centimeters per square meter]). At the time of LT assessment, the VAT index (VATI) was higher in male patients with HCC compared to non‐HCC patients (75 ± 3 versus 60 ± 3 cm 2 /m 2 , P = 0.001). The VATI, subcutaneous adipose tissue index, and total adipose tissue index were higher in male patients with HCC compared to non‐HCC patients. By multivariate analysis, male patients with VATI ≥65 cm 2 /m 2 had a higher risk of HCC (hazard ratio, 1.90; 95% confidence interval, 1.31‐2.76; P = 0.001). In male patients with HCC who underwent LT, a VATI ≥65 cm 2 /m 2 adjusted for Milan criteria was independently associated with higher risk of HCC recurrence (hazard ratio, 5.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.19‐23.97; P = 0.03). Conclusion: High VATI is an independent risk factor for HCC in male patients with cirrhosis and for recurrence of HCC after LT. (H epatology 2018;67:914–923)
Strong tumour cytidine deaminase (CDA) staining predicts for improved survival associated with sequential nab-Paclitaxel (nabP) and gemcitabine (GEM) chemotherapy as first line treatment of patients (pts) with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (mPDAC)
Authors: P. Corrie, W. Qian, A. Gopinathan, M. Williams, R. Brais, J.W. Valle, B. Basu, S. Falk, C. Iwuji, H. Wasan, D. Palmer, M. Scott-Brown, J. Wadsley, S. Arif, L. Bax, P. Bundi, R. Skells, A. Neesse, D. Tuveson, D. Jodrell
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
PACIFIC: A double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study of durvalumab after chemoradiation therapy (CRT) in patients with stage III, locally advanced, unresectable NSCLC
Authors: L. Paz-Ares, A. Villegas, D. Daniel, D.V. Baz, S. Murakami, R. Hui, T. Yokoi, A. Chiappori, K.H. Lee, M. de Wit, B.C. Cho, M. Bourhaba, X. Quantin, T. Tokito, T. Mekhail, D. Planchard, H. Jiang, Y. Huang, P.A. Dennis, M. Özgüroğlu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Association Between Precautionary Behaviors and Breast Cancer–Related Lymphedema in Patients Undergoing Bilateral Surgery
Authors: Maria S. Asdourian, Meyha N. Swaroop, Hoda E. Sayegh, Cheryl L. Brunelle, Amir I. Mina, Hui Zheng, Melissa N. Skolny, Alphonse G. Taghian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Purpose This study examined the lifestyle and clinical risk factors for lymphedema in a cohort of patients who underwent bilateral breast cancer surgery. Patients and Methods Between 2013 and 2016, 327 patients who underwent bilateral breast cancer surgery were prospectively screened for arm lymphedema as quantified by the weight-adjusted volume change (WAC) formula. Arm perometry and subjective data were collected preoperatively and at regular intervals postoperatively. At the time of each measurement, patients completed a risk assessment survey that reported the number of blood draws, injections, blood pressure readings, trauma to the at-risk arm, and number of flights since the previous measurement. Generalized estimating equations were applied to ascertain the association among arm volume changes, clinical factors, and risk exposures. Results The cohort comprised 327 patients and 654 at-risk arms, with a median postoperative follow-up that ranged from 6.1 to 68.2 months. Of the 654 arms, 83 developed lymphedema, defined as a WAC ≥ 10% relative to baseline. On multivariable analysis, none of the lifestyle risk factors examined through the risk assessment survey were significantly associated with increased WAC. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that having a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m 2 at the time of breast cancer diagnosis ( P = .0404), having undergone axillary lymph node dissection ( P = .0464), and receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy ( P = .0161) were significantly associated with increased arm volume. Conclusion Blood pressure readings, blood draws, injections, and number or duration of flights were not significantly associated with increases in arm volume in this cohort. These findings may help to guide patient education about lymphedema risk reduction strategies for those who undergo bilateral breast cancer surgery.
Consultant says public should be allowed to comment on Scottish report of transvaginal mesh implants
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2017)

A former member of the independent group set up by the Scottish government to review the safety and efficacy of transvaginal mesh implants has called for the final report to be put out for public consultation.

Consultant gynaecologist and obstetrician Wael Agur told a hearing of the Scottish parliament’s Public Petitions Committee on 28 September that the final report had not done enough to tackle the worries expressed in the group’s interim report.1 Agur resigned from the review group four weeks before the final report was published in March this year.

The final report of the review …
Multicenter randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of frozen gloves for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
Authors: A.J.M. Beijers, F. Mols, J. Ophorst, J. Pijs, J. de Vos-Geelen, E. Jacobs, L.V. van de Poll-Franse, G. Vreugdenhil
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Risk of Second Lung Cancer in Patients with Previously Treated Lung Cancer: Analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Data
Authors: Manish K Thakur, Julie J Ruterbusch, Ann G Schwartz, Shirish M Gadgeel, Jennifer L Beebe-Dimmer, Antoinette J Wozniak
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Death by Gun Violence—A Public Health Crisis
Authors: Howard Bauchner, Frederick P. Rivara, Robert O. Bonow, Neil M. Bressler, Mary L. (Nora) Disis, Stephan Heckers, S. Andrew Josephson, Melina R. Kibbe, Jay F. Piccirillo, Rita F. Redberg, John S. Rhee, June K. Robinson
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2017)

The shooting in Las Vegas, Nevada, that left 59 people dead, 10 times that number wounded, and thousands of people with the psychological distress from being present at the scene during and after the massacre has once again raised the issue of what we as a nation can and should do about guns.The solution lies in not just focusing on Las Vegas and the hundreds of other mass shootings that have occurred in the United States in the last 14 months, but rather to underscore that on average almost 100 people die each day in the United States from gun violence.The 36 252 deaths from firearms in the United States in 2015 1 exceeded the number of deaths from motor vehicle traffic crashes that year (36 161). 1 That same year, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that 5 people died from terrorism.Since 1968, more individuals in the United States have died from gun violence than in battle during all the wars the country has fought since its inception. 2uns do not make individuals, their families, or homes safer and they result in far more deaths to loved ones than to an intruder intending to cause harm. 3Often forgotten is that 60.7% of the gun deaths in 2015 in the United States were suicides. 1Means used to attempt suicide matter; guns will result in suicidal deaths well over 90% of the time, whereas ingestion of pills or wrist cutting will be unsuccessful more than 90% of the time.The majority of people who try to commit suicide but survive the attempt will not go on to die from suicide 4 ; if the attempt is with a gun, there will be no second chance at life.The journals of the JAMA Network are dedicated to improving the health of people across the globe.We do so by addressing the most important public health problems harming people and publishing the best science that can be done.The journals have published important work on gun violence; in the past year this has included studies on differences in gun use during terrorist attacks in the United States compared with other countries, 5 the effect of exposure to gun violence in the media on children's interest in real guns,
Bone metastases in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms: A survey of natural history and clinical management
Authors: N. Fazio, P. Maisonneuve, A.M. Frezza, T. Ibrahim, A. La Salvia, S. Tafuto, S. Pusceddu, R. Marconcini, F. Silvestris, D. Campana, D. Santini, A. Faggiano, S. Massironi, L. De Marinis, G. Rubini, E. Merola, L. Antonuzzo, V. Amoroso, I. Puliafito, F. Spada
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Treatment patterns in elderly patients (pts) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in routine clinical care in the united states (US)
Authors: J.A. Bell, A. Galaznik, E. Farrelly, M. Pollack, A. Raju, A. Ogbonnaya, M. Eaddy, R. Fram, D.V. Faller
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Randomized trial of a cognitive-behavioral therapy mobile app for anxiety in patients with incurable cancer.
Authors: Joseph Greer, Jamie M. Jacobs, Nicole Pensak, James J MacDonald, Charn-Xin Fuh, Giselle Katiria Perez, Alina Ward, Anne Holt, Colleen Tallen, Alona Muzikansky, Lara Traeger, Frank J. Penedo, Steven A. Safren, William F. Pirl, Jennifer S. Temel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

175 Background: Patients with incurable cancer often experience marked anxiety that is associated with poor quality of life (QOL), high symptom burden, and complications with medical treatment. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of a mobile app-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention to treat anxiety symptoms in patients with incurable cancer. Methods: From 2/15 to 8/16, 145 patients with incurable cancers (e.g., advanced lung, breast, GI/GU, sarcoma, melanoma) who screened positive for at least mild anxiety symptoms (Hospital Anxiety &amp; Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale, HADS-A &gt; 7) were randomized 1:1 at two cancer centers to receive either the CBT mobile app for anxiety or a mobile health education program (control), delivered via tablet computers. The CBT app consisted of 7 modules teaching skills to relax the body, reduce worry, stay present-focused, improve communication, and plan/pace activities, which patients completed over 12 weeks. To assess anxiety, mood, and QOL, we administered the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), HADS, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General at baseline and 12 weeks. General linear models were used to assess the effect of the intervention on patient outcomes over time. Results: The sample was predominantly female (73.8%) and white (91.7%), with a mean age of 56.45 ( SD= 11.30) years. Both study groups reported significant improvements in anxiety, depression, and QOL from baseline to post-assessment (all p-values &lt; .002), with no differences in the improved outcomes between groups. Secondary analyses revealed interaction effects on anxiety between the intervention and baseline HAM-A scores. Among patients with higher baseline anxiety, those randomized to the CBT app had greater improvements on the HAM-A ( p= .043), CGI ( p= .048), and HADS-A ( p= .001) compared to the health education control group. Conclusions: Patients with incurable cancer who received either a CBT mobile app intervention or mobile health education program reported improvements in anxiety, depression, and QOL. However, the CBT mobile app had better outcomes than health education for patients with higher baseline anxiety. Clinical trial information: NCT02286466.
Outcomes of the combination trabectedin and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (T-PLD) in recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer (OC): a GINECO cohort study
Authors: F. Selle, P-E. Heudel, Y. Tazi, A. Pozet, A-C. Hardy-Bessard, J. Meunier, L. Gladieff, J-P. Lotz, M. Provansal, P. Augereau, J-S. Frenel, N. Bonichon-Lamichhane, H. Orfeuvre, F. Pommeret, M. Torres-Macque, E. Kalbacher, C. Roemer-Becuwe
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Oregon's Death With Dignity Act: 20 Years of Experience to Inform the Debate
Authors: Katrina Hedberg, Craig New
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Twenty years ago, Oregon voters approved the Death With Dignity Act, making Oregon the first state in the United States to allow physicians to prescribe medications to be self-administered by terminally ill patients to hasten their death. This report summarizes the experience in Oregon, including the numbers and types of participating patients and providers. These data should inform the ongoing policy debate as additional jurisdictions consider such legislation.