tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0221 Clinical outcomes of abatacept versus tnf inhibitors in acpa-positive patients with rheumatoid arthritis: data from the biologic register kobio
Authors: S.-K. Lee, S. Oh, H.-A. Kim, Y.-B. Park, S.-S. Lee, K. Shin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Determining the optimal, patient-tailored biologic agent is a new challenge for future guidelines in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management. Recent studies demonstrated that anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) -positive patients have better disease activity improvement with abatacept (ABA), yet validation studies are in need. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate disease activity changes after treatment with ABA versus TNF inhibitors (TNFi) in Korean ACPA-positive, RA patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Data of RA patients were obtained from the Korean College of Rheumatology Biologics Registry (KOBIO). ACPA-positive patients who were treated with ABA and TNFi were selected through propensity score matching (1:2, calliper=0.2*SD). Clinical outcomes including CDAI changes at the first year of therapy were evaluated, and adjusted drug survival in each group was analysed. <h3>Results</h3> The baseline characteristics of the ABA (n=97) and TNFi (n=194) groups were comparable. The CDAI reduction after 1 year treatment was significant in the ABA group compared with patients who received TNFi (−16.78 versus −13.61, p<i>=</i>0.0198) [figure 1]. This was confined when used as the first-line agent (p=0.0213). Proportion of remission and low disease activity in ABA was significant as well (p=0.041). Patients with the lower tertile of ACPA titers treated with ABA had the most significant CDAI reduction compared with the TNFi group (p=0.0201). Drug retention rate (median follow-up 48 months) of ACPA-positive ABA users was also notable compared with TNFi yet did not meet statistical significance (adjusted hazard ratio 0.774, p=0.086). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our data further support that ACPA could also be an important marker to help determine first-line biologic agent of choice among the armamentarium of biologic therapy for RA patients. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> We would like to thank Song Wha Chae and Evo Alemao for their input and support. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Uptake of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Targeted 18F-DCFPyL in Cerebral Radionecrosis
Authors: Roberto A. Salas Fragomeni, Kenneth J. Pienta, Martin G. Pomper, Michael A. Gorin, Steven P. Rowe
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

Recent PET imaging of glioblastoma multiforme and other high-grade gliomas using prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted small-molecule radiotracers suggests a role for these agents in diagnostic imaging of recurrent/residual tumor and that PSMA-targeted endoradiotherapies may provide a new approach to therapy for patients with these difficult-to-treat tumors. We present a case of cerebral radionecrosis demonstrating PSMA-targeted radiotracer uptake. Our findings may represent a potential pitfall and limitation to the diagnostic application of PSMA-targeted agents for high-grade gliomas.
Abstract 12177: Plasma Volume Status Predicts Mortality in Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Yu Sato, Akiomi Yoshihisa, Shunsuke Watanabe, Tetsuro Yokokawa, Shunsuke Miura, Takamasa Sato, Satoshi Abe, Satoshi Suzuki, Masayoshi Oikawa, Atsushi Kobayashi, Takayoshi Yamaki, Hiroyuki Kunii, Shu-ichi Saitoh, Yasuchika Takeishi
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: The intravascular compartment is known as the plasma volume (PV). PV expansion plays an essential role in heart failure (HF), and large degrees of congestion relate to morbidity and mortality. Recently, it has been reported that PV is estimated by a simple formula based on hematocrit and body weight, not using radioisotope assays. We aimed to investigate the impact of PV status on prognosis of HF. Methods and Results: We calculated PV status as the following: Actual PV=(1-hematocrit)х[a+(bхbody weight)] (a=1530 in males and a=864 in females, b=41 in males and b=47.9 in females), Ideal PV=cхbody weight (c=39 in males and c=40 in females), and PV status=[(actual PV-ideal PV)/ideal PV]х100(%). We analyzed 1115 patients with HF who admitted to our hospital. These patients were divided into 3 groups based on the PV status: 1 st (PV status&lt;41.9%, n=371), 2 nd (41.9%≤PV status&lt;49.1%, n=372) and 3 rd tertiles (49.1%≤PV status, n=372). In the multiple regression analysis to determine PV status, among considerable clinical variables, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), sodium and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were predictors of PV status (BNP: ß=0.280, P&lt;0.001; sodium: ß=-0.197, P&lt;0.001; and eGFR: ß=-0.214, P&lt;0.001). In the average follow-up of 1007 days, 287 deaths (149 cardiac deaths and 138 non-cardiac deaths) occurred. In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, all-cause mortality progressively increased from 1 st to 2 nd and 3 rd groups (13.5%, 21.2% and 42.5%, P&lt;0.001). In the Cox proportional hazard analysis, after adjusting for potential confounding factors including age, NYHA class, ejection fraction, BNP, sodium, eGFR, co-morbidities and medications, PV status was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in HF patients (hazard ratio 1.420, 95% confidence interval 1.227-1.625, P&lt;0.001). Conclusion: PV status, a marker of intravascular compartment and congestion, can identify high mortality in HF patients.
FRI0280 A molecular network for fatigue in primary sjÖgren’s syndrome
Authors: K. Bårdsen, C. Brede, I. Kvivik, J.T. Kvaløy, K. Jonsdottir, A.B. Tjensvoll, P. Ruoff, R. Omdal
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Fatigue is a common phenomenon in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and other chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer, and neurodegeneration. The underlying mechanisms for fatigue are not completely understood, but increasing evidence point to a biological basis for the phenomenon. <h3>Objectives</h3> Following the sickness behaviour hypothesis for fatigue, where pro-inflammatory cytokines and particularly interleukin 1β (IL-1β) related signalling are essential, we wished to investigate how molecules that influence IL-1β activity may influence fatigue through complex networks (IL-1β, IL-1Ra, IL-1RII, IL-6 and S100B). We also hypothesised that the neuropeptide hypocretin-1 (Hcrt1), a regulator of sleep and wakefulness, could be an element in a network for fatigue. <h3>Methods</h3> In cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 49 patients with pSS, Hcrt1 was measured by RIA and the other proteins by ELISA. Fatigue was rated using the fatigue visual analogue scale (fVAS), and results analysed by univariate-, multiple regression, and principal component analysis (PCA). <h3>Results</h3> It was not possible to measure IL-1b due to very low concentrations in CSF. In simple univariate regression analysis with fatigue as a dependent variable a significant association was observed for depression (R<sup>2</sup>=0.20, p&lt;0.01), and pain (R<sup>2</sup>=0.23, p&lt;0.01) and the biochemical variable IL-1Ra (R<sup>2</sup>=0.09, p=0.04). In multiple regression with fVAS as dependent variable a model was obtained with depression, pain, and IL-1Ra as significant contributors (R<sup>2</sup>=0.37; p&lt;0.001). In PCA two significant components were revealed (figure 1a). The first component (PC1) was dominated by variables related to IL-1β activity. The second component (PC2) showed a negative correlation between IL-6 and Hcrt1. fVAS was then introduced as an additional variable. In this new model fVAS correlated with the IL-1β related variables on PC1 and to a lesser degree with Hcrt1 on PC2 (figure 1b). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The main findings in this study indicate a functional network in which several IL-1β related molecules in CSF influence fatigue in addition to the clinical factors depression and pain. The neuropeptide Hcrt1 seem to participate in fatigue signalling, but probably not through the IL-1 pathway. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
PDGFRβ Cells Rapidly Relay Inflammatory Signal from the Circulatory System to Neurons via Chemokine CCL2
Authors: Lihui Duan, Xiao-Di Zhang, Wan-Ying Miao, Yun-Jun Sun, Guoliang Xiong, Qiuzi Wu, Guangying Li, Ping Yang, Hang Yu, Humingzhu Li, Yue Wang, Min Zhang, Li-Yuan Hu, Xiaoping Tong, Wen-Hao Zhou, Xiang Yu
Journal: Neuron (2018)
Abstract 13561: The Emerging Role of Stress Speckle Tracking in Viability World
Authors: Ahmed M Saleh, Konstantin Zintl, Johannes Brachmann
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Speckle-tracking echocardiography has recently emerged as a quantitative ultrasound technique for accurately evaluating myocardial function by analyzing the motion of speckles identified. Speckle-tracking obtained under stress may offer an opportunity to improve the detection of dynamic regional abnormalities and myocardial viability. Objective: To evaluate stress speckle tracking as tool to detect myocardial viability in comparison to cardiac MRI in post-STEMI patients. Methods: 71 patients were prospectively enrolled in our 18-month’s study. Dobutamin stress echocardiography was performed 4 days post-infaction accompanied with automated functional imaging (Speckle tracking) analysis of left ventricle during rest and then during low dose stress. All patients underwent a follow up stress echocardiography at 6 weeks with speckle tracking analysis. Cardiac MRI took place concomitantly at 4 days post-infarction and 6 weeks. We carried out an assessment of re-admission with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after one year of enrollment. Results: Investigating strain rate obtained with stress speckle tracking after revascularization predicted the extent of myocardial scar, determined by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. A good correlation was found between the global strain and total infarct size (R 0.75, p&lt; 0.001). Furthermore, a clear inverse relationship was found between the segmental strain and the transmural extent of infarction in each segment. ( R -0.69, p&lt;0.01). Meanwhile it provided 81.82% sensitivity and 82.6% specificity to detect transmural from non-transmural infaction at a cut-off value of -10.15. Global stress strain rate showed 80% sensitivity and 77.5% specificity at a cut-off value of -9.1 to predict hospital re-admission with ACS. A cut-off value of -8.4 had shown a 69.23% sensitivity and 73.5% specificity to predict the re-admission related to other cardiac symptoms . Conclusion: Strain rate obtained from speckle tracking during stress is a novel method of detecting myocardial viability after STEMI .Moreover it carries a promising role in post-myocardial infarction risk stratification with a reasonable prediction of reversible cardiac-related hospital re-admission.
Thrombocytopenia-associated mutations in Ser/Thr kinase MASTL deregulate actin cytoskeletal dynamics in platelets
Authors: Begoña Hurtado, Marianna Trakala, Pilar Ximénez-Embún, Aicha El Bakkali, David Partida, Belén Sanz-Castillo, Mónica Álvarez-Fernández, María Maroto, Ruth Sánchez-Martínez, Lola Martínez, Javier Muñoz, Pablo García de Frutos, Marcos Malumbres
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

MASTL, a Ser/Thr kinase that inhibits PP2A-B55 complexes during mitosis, is mutated in autosomal dominant thrombocytopenia. However, the connections between the cell-cycle machinery and this human disease remain unexplored. We report here that, whereas Mastl ablation in megakaryocytes prevented proper maturation of these cells, mice carrying the thrombocytopenia-associated mutation developed thrombocytopenia as a consequence of aberrant activation and survival of platelets. Activation of mutant platelets was characterized by hyperstabilized pseudopods mimicking the effect of PP2A inhibition and actin polymerization defects. These aberrations were accompanied by abnormal hyperphosphorylation of multiple components of the actin cytoskeleton and were rescued both in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting upstream kinases such as PKA, PKC, or AMPK. These data reveal an unexpected role of Mastl in actin cytoskeletal dynamics in postmitotic cells and suggest that the thrombocytopenia-associated mutation in MASTL is a pathogenic dominant mutation that mimics decreased PP2A activity resulting in altered phosphorylation of cytoskeletal regulatory pathways.
Improving Health Care Value by Considering Cost-effectiveness
Authors: José A. Sacristán
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reconstitution of the gut microbiota of antibiotic-treated patients by autologous fecal microbiota transplant
Authors: Ying Taur, Katharine Coyte, Jonas Schluter, Elizabeth Robilotti, Cesar Figueroa, Mergim Gjonbalaj, Eric R. Littmann, Lilan Ling, Liza Miller, Yangtsho Gyaltshen, Emily Fontana, Sejal Morjaria, Boglarka Gyurkocza, Miguel-Angel Perales, Hugo Castro-Malaspina, Roni Tamari, Doris Ponce, Guenther Koehne, Juliet Barker, Ann Jakubowski, Esperanza Papadopoulos, Parastoo Dahi, Craig Sauter, Brian Shaffer, James W. Young, Jonathan Peled, Richard C. Meagher, Robert R. Jenq, Marcel R. M. van den Brink, Sergio A. Giralt, Eric G. Pamer, Joao B. Xavier
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2018)

A randomized clinical trial demonstrates that autologous fecal microbiota transplant can reconstitute the gut microbiota of patients undergoing intensive antibiotic treatment.
Abstract 13468: The Expression and Role of the A2B Adenosine Receptor in Human Cardiac Myocytes
Authors: Hongyan Zhong, Luiz Belardinelli, Dewan Zeng
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background and aims: Adenosine is a signaling nucleoside and its levels are elevated in ischemic myocardium and in plasma of patients with chronic heart failure. Results of previous studies have sh...
Course and outcome of hepatitis C
Authors: Jay H. Hoofnagle
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a small enveloped RNA virus belonging to the family flaviviridae and genus hepacivirus. The HCV RNA genome is 9,600 nucleotides in length and encodes a single polyprotein that is post-translationally cleaved into 10 polypeptides including t3 structural (C, E1, and E2) and multiple nonstructural proteins ([NS] NS2 to NS5). The NS proteins include enzymes necessary for protein processing (proteases) and viral replication (RNA polymerase). The virus replicates at a high rate in the liver and has marked sequence heterogeneity. There are 6 genotypes and more than 90 subtypes of HCV, the most common in the United States being 1a and 1b (approximately 75%), 2a and 2b (approximately 15%), and 3 (approximately 7%). Acute hepatitis C is marked by appearance of HCV RNA in serum within 1 to 2 weeks of exposure followed by serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevations, and then symptoms and jaundice. Antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) tends to arise late. In acute resolving hepatitis, HCV RNA is cleared and serum ALT levels fall to normal. However, 55% to 85% of patients do not clear virus, but develop chronic hepatitis C. Chronic hepatitis C is often asymptomatic, but is usually associated with persistent or fluctuating elevations in ALT levels. The chronic sequelae of hepatitis C include progressive hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Extra-hepatic manifestations include sicca syndrome, cryoglobulinemia, glomerulonephritis, and porphyria cutanea tarda. Knowledge of the course and outcome of hepatitis C is important in developing approaches to management and therapy.
Abstract 20783: B-Raf Regulates Vascular Growth Signaling in the Neonatal Mouse Heart
Authors: Natasha N Chattergoon, Katherina P Rees, Philip J Stork
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: The early postnatal mouse heart is still growing by proliferation and differentiation of cardiomyocytes (CMC) to just after the first week of life. Vascular growth in this time period is also crucial as the left ventricular myocardium must prepare for a near doubling of work load at birth, which includes having an adequate vascular tree to supply the muscle itself. CMC-specific loss of B-Raf leads to lesser CMC volume fraction, at 3 and 8 days postnatal reflective of blunted CMC proliferation. Hypothesis: We hypothesize CMC-specific loss of B-Raf reduces vascular growth signals. Methods: CMC-specific knockout (KO) of B-Raf was generated using CRE/lox (floxed B-Raf x αMHC CRE) resulting in a truncated, unstable B-Raf and a null phenotype. KO mice (α-MHC-CRE / B-Raf lox/lox) were compared to CRE negative / B-Raf lox/lox mice (wild type; WT). Hearts from postnatal day (PND) 1, 3, 8, and 14 pups were harvested for molecular analysis (n=8/age group). Expression levels of vascular factors were det...
Ambulances should treat more and transport fewer patients, NHS Improvement says
Authors: Matthew Limb
Journal: BMJ (2018)

NHS ambulance trusts must do more to root out inefficiencies, improve assessment of 999 calls, and better equip crews to treat more patients at the scene of emergencies, a report from NHS Improvement has said.1

The report says that the 10 ambulance trusts in England could improve patient care and save £500m (€562m; $658m) a year by 2021—£300m by reducing avoidable transfers to emergency departments and £200m by improving infrastructure and staff productivity.

Trusts had too many old ambulances, the NHS’s highest sickness levels, low technology take-up, and unnecessary variations in performance, the report said. It made nine recommendations and called on NHS England to develop a five year plan by …
Abstract 16286: Factors Affecting Access to Oral Healthcare for Patients With Cardiovascular Disease in Australia
Authors: Paula Sanchez, Bronwyn Everett, Yenna Salamonson, Joshua Bishop, Karen Lintern, Samantha Nolan, Rohan Rajaratnam, Julie Redfern, Maria Sheehan, Fiona Skarligos, Lissa Spencer, Ajesh George
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Periodontal disease is a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Internationally, consensus statements recommend the inclusion of oral healthcare promotion in ca...
Abstract 13476: Usefulness of Dual Induction Tests for Coronary Artery Spasm and Lethal Ventricular Arrhythmias in Patients Surviving Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Masayasu Komatsu, Jun Takahashi, Makoto Nakano, Masateru Kondo, Ryuji Tsuburaya, Kiyotaka Hao, Kensuke Nishimiya, Taro Nihei, Yasuharu Matsumoto, Kenta Ito, Koji Fukuda, Hiroaki Shimokawa
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: It remains to be established how to treat patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) without significant organic heart disease, especially regarding the use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Among the possible causes of OHCA, coronary artery spasm (CAS) and lethal ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) are important causes of the disorder. Methods and Results: In 47 consecutive OHCA survivors without organic heart disease who had fully recovered (M/F 44/3, 43±13 yrs.), we performed dual induction tests for CAS and VAs. We first performed acetylcholine provocation test with subsequent calcium channel blocker-based antianginal medications and then performed ventricular fibrillation (VF) induction test with programmed stimulation at an interval of 1~2 weeks. ICD was implanted in all patients. According to the results of the dual induction tests, we divided them into 4 groups; CAS-alone (n=7), VAs-alone (n=13), both-positive (n=24), and both-negative (n=3) ( Figure A ). Among the 4 groups, no significant difference was noted in the factors that could influence the development of VF, such as QTc, late potential, familial history of sudden cardia death, or serum levels of electrolytes. During a median follow-up of 38 months, VF recurred in all groups except the both-negative group, of which 13 cases had appropriate ICD shocks to terminate fatal VAs. When we analyzed the 16 patients with Brugada-like ECG pattern (34%) separately, no VF episode was noted in the CAS-alone or both-negative group throughout the study period. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the CAS-alone group was at lower risk for OHCA recurrence as compared with the Brugada syndrome group (log-rank test, P=0.036) ( Figure B ). Conclusions: These results indicate that among OHCA survivors, those with CAS-alone and without Brugada syndrome in the dual induction tests may be at low risk for recurrent sudden death and ICD firing.
Recommendations for Research and Practice to Improve Work Outcomes Among Cancer Survivors
Authors: Janet S de Moor, Catherine M Alfano, Erin E Kent, Wynne E Norton, Diarmuid Coughlan, Megan C Roberts, Melvin Grimes, Cathy J Bradley
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2018)

Major knowledge gaps limit the development and implementation of interventions to improve employment outcomes among people with cancer. To identify research priorities to improve employment outcomes after cancer, the National Cancer Institute sponsored the meeting "Evidence-Based Approaches for Optimizing Employment Outcomes among Cancer Survivors." This article describes research recommendations stemming from the meeting. At the patient level, longitudinal studies are needed to better understand how patient sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and their experiences at work shape employment outcomes. Interventions that mitigate the impact of cancer and its treatment on employment are critical. At the provider-level, future research is needed to characterize the extent to which physicians and other healthcare providers talk to their patients about employment concerns and how that information is used to inform care. Additionally, there is a need to test models of care delivery that support routine screening of employment concerns, the capture of employment outcomes in electronic health records, and the effective use of this information to improve care. At the employer level, evidence-based training programs are needed to prepare supervisors, managers, human resources staff, and occupational health professionals to address health issues in the workplace; and future interventions are needed to improve patient -employer communication and facilitate workplace accommodations. Importantly, research is needed that reflects the perspectives and priorities of patients and their families, providers and healthcare systems, and employers. Transdisciplinary partnerships and stakeholder engagement are essential to ensure that employment-focused interventions and policies are developed, implemented, and sustained in real-world healthcare delivery and workplace settings.
Rapid Evolution of H7N9 Highly Pathogenic Viruses that Emerged in China in 2017
Authors: Jianzhong Shi, Guohua Deng, Shujie Ma, Xianying Zeng, Xin Yin, Mei Li, Bo Zhang, Pengfei Cui, Yan Chen, Huanliang Yang, Xiaopeng Wan, Liling Liu, Pucheng Chen, Yongping Jiang, Yuntao Guan, Jinxiong Liu, Wenli Gu, Shuyu Han, Yangming Song, Libin Liang, Zhiyuan Qu, Yujie Hou, Xiurong Wang, Hongmei Bao, Guobin Tian, Yanbing Li, Li Jiang, Chengjun Li, Hualan Chen
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2018)