tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PAI1 mediates fibroblast–mast cell interactions in skin fibrosis
Authors: Neha Pincha, Edries Yousaf Hajam, Krithika Badarinath, Surya Prakash Rao Batta, Tafheem Masudi, Rakesh Dey, Peter Andreasen, Toshiaki Kawakami, Rekha Samuel, Renu George, Debashish Danda, Paul Mazhuvanchary Jacob, Colin Jamora
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

Fibrosis is a prevalent pathological condition arising from the chronic activation of fibroblasts. This activation results from the extensive intercellular crosstalk mediated by both soluble factors and direct cell-cell connections. Prominent among these are the interactions of fibroblasts with immune cells, in which the fibroblast-mast cell connection, although acknowledged, is relatively unexplored. We have used a Tg mouse model of skin fibrosis, based on expression of the transcription factor Snail in the epidermis, to probe the mechanisms regulating mast cell activity and the contribution of these cells to this pathology. We have discovered that Snail-expressing keratinocytes secrete plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI1), which functions as a chemotactic factor to increase mast cell infiltration into the skin. Moreover, we have determined that PAI1 upregulates intercellular adhesion molecule type 1 (ICAM1) expression on dermal fibroblasts, rendering them competent to bind to mast cells. This heterotypic cell-cell adhesion, also observed in the skin fibrotic disorder scleroderma, culminates in the reciprocal activation of both mast cells and fibroblasts, leading to the cascade of events that promote fibrogenesis. Thus, we have identified roles for PAI1 in the multifactorial program of fibrogenesis that expand its functional repertoire beyond its canonical role in plasmin-dependent processes.
Immunophenotypic CD56 Variation Within a Single Patient With Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm
Authors: Adriana T. Lopez, Katharina S. Shaw, Tarek Yamany, Sameera Husain, Larisa Geskin
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Almost one in four emergency medicine trainees plans to leave UK or leave specialty
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Almost a quarter of emergency medicine trainees do not plan to work in either the specialty or the United Kingdom once they have completed their training, a survey has found.

Almost 900 trainees (81% response rate) from all four UK countries responded in July 2013 to the survey,1 which was carried out by the College of Emergency Medicine. The survey asked about trainees’ plans, ambitions, and opinions about working as an emergency medicine consultant, as well as the impact of the Modernising Medical Careers programme and run-through training.

Around two thirds (68%) of respondents said that they expected to take up a consultant post once they had completed their specialist training. But …
Studies on the cytocompatibility, mechanical and antimicrobial properties of 3D printed poly(methyl methacrylate) beads
Authors: David K. Mills, Uday Jammalamadaka, Karthik Tappa, Jeffery Weisman
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2018)

Osteomyelitis is typically a bacterial infection (usually from Staphylococcus) or, more rarely, a fungal infection of the bone. It can occur in any bone in the body, but it most often affects the long bones (leg and arm), vertebral (spine), and bones of the foot. Microbial success in osteomyelitis is due to their ability to form biofilms which inhibit the wound healing process and increases resistance to anti-infective agents. Also, biofilms do not allow easy penetration of antibiotics into their matrix making clinical treatment a challenge. The development of local antibiotic delivery systems that deliver high concentrations of antibiotics to the affected site is an emerging area of research with great potential. Standard treatment includes antibiotic therapy, either locally or systemically and refractory cases of osteomyelitis may lead to surgical intervention and a prolonged course of antibiotic treatment involving placement of antibiotic-doped beads or spacers within the wound site. There are disadvantages with this treatment modality including insufficient mixing of the antibiotic, lack of uniform bead size, resulting in lower antibiotic availability, and limitations on the antibiotics employed. Thus, a method is needed to address biofilm formations in the wound and on the surface of the surgical implants to prevent osteomyelitis. In this study, we show that all antibiotics studied were successfully doped into PMMA and antibiotic-doped 3D printed beads, disks, and filaments were easily printed. The growth inhibition capacity of the antibiotic-loaded PMMA 3D printed constructs was also demonstrated.
Classification and Reporting of Potentially Proarrhythmic Common Genetic Variation in Long QT Syndrome Genetic Testing
Authors: John R. Giudicessi, Dan M. Roden, Arthur A.M. Wilde, Michael J. Ackerman
Journal: Circulation (2018)

The acquired and congenital forms of long QT syndrome represent 2 distinct but clinically and genetically intertwined disorders of cardiac repolarization characterized by the shared final common pathway of QT interval prolongation and risk of potentially life-threatening arrhythmias. Over the past 2 decades, our understanding of the spectrum of genetic variation that (1) perturbs the function of cardiac ion channel macromolecular complexes and intracellular calcium-handling proteins, (2) underlies acquired/congenital long QT syndrome susceptibility, and (3) serves as a determinant of QT interval duration in the general population has grown exponentially. In turn, these molecular insights led to the development and increased utilization of clinically impactful genetic testing for congenital long QT syndrome. However, the widespread adoption and potential misinterpretation of the 2015 American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics variant classification and reporting guidelines may have contributed unintentionally to the reduced reporting of common genetic variants, with compelling epidemiological and functional evidence to support a potentially proarrhythmic role in patients with congenital and acquired long QT syndrome. As a result, some genetic testing reports may fail to convey the full extent of a patient’s genetic susceptibility for a potentially life-threatening arrhythmia to the ordering healthcare professional. In this white paper, we examine the current classification and reporting (or lack thereof) of potentially proarrhythmic common genetic variants and investigate potential mechanisms to facilitate the reporting of these genetic variants without increasing the risk of diagnostic miscues.
BMA welcomes new questions on rota gaps in GMC training survey
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

A move by the General Medical Council to ask doctors about the impact of rota gaps on their education and training in this year’s national training survey has been welcomed by the BMA.

The regulator, which oversees medical education and training, has added five new questions on rotas to its annual survey of doctors in training, which will open on Tuesday 21 March.

Jeeves Wijesuriya, chair of …
I am interested in working in South Africa, after I complete my PRHO year in August 2005. How should I go about this?
Authors: Mark Wilson
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Have a career or related problem that needs answering? Can9t find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone (www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone) for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site.
NHS urgently needs clarity on EU staff rights post-Brexit, say senior doctors
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2018)

The government must urgently provide clarity to EU citizens working in the NHS, medical leaders have said.

They were responding to a report from the home affairs select committee about Brexit and immigration,1 which said that delays in publishing an immigration white paper and a lack of clarity over the government’s intentions for immigration once Britain leaves the EU were creating anxiety among EU citizens in the UK.

It added that the government had failed to set out crucial details on the …
Prevalence of Invalid Performance on Baseline Testing for Sport-Related Concussion by Age and Validity Indicator
Authors: Christopher A. Abeare, Isabelle Messa, Brandon G. Zuccato, Bradley Merker, Laszlo Erdodi
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2018)

Estimated base rates of invalid performance on baseline testing (base rates of failure) for the management of sport-related concussion range from 6.1% to 40.0%, depending on the validity indicator used. The instability of this key measure represents a challenge in the clinical interpretation of test results that could undermine the utility of baseline testing.To determine the prevalence of invalid performance on baseline testing and to assess whether the prevalence varies as a function of age and validity indicator.This retrospective, cross-sectional study included data collected between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2016, from a clinical referral center in the Midwestern United States. Participants included 7897 consecutively tested, equivalently proportioned male and female athletes aged 10 to 21 years, who completed baseline neurocognitive testing for the purpose of concussion management.Baseline assessment was conducted with the Immediate Postconcussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT), a computerized neurocognitive test designed for assessment of concussion.Base rates of failure on published ImPACT validity indicators were compared within and across age groups. Hypotheses were developed after data collection but prior to analyses.Of the 7897 study participants, 4086 (51.7%) were male, mean (SD) age was 14.71 (1.78) years, 7820 (99.0%) were primarily English speaking, and the mean (SD) educational level was 8.79 (1.68) years. The base rate of failure ranged from 6.4% to 47.6% across individual indicators. Most of the sample (55.7%) failed at least 1 of 4 validity indicators. The base rate of failure varied considerably across age groups (117 of 140 [83.6%] for those aged 10 years to 14 of 48 [29.2%] for those aged 21 years), representing a risk ratio of 2.86 (95% CI, 2.60-3.16; P < .001).The results for base rate of failure were surprisingly high overall and varied widely depending on the specific validity indicator and the age of the examinee. The strong age association, with 3 of 4 participants aged 10 to 12 years failing validity indicators, suggests that the clinical interpretation and utility of baseline testing in this age group is questionable. These findings underscore the need for close scrutiny of performance validity indicators on baseline testing across age groups.
PROSPECTIVE REAL WORLD REGISTRY FOR THE USE OF SIROLIMUS COATED BALLOON IN SMALL VESSEL DE NOVO LESIONS
Authors: Keyur H. Parikh, Parth Parikh, Parloop Bhatt, Satya Gupta, Hemang Baxi, Urmil Shah, Tejas Patel, Milan Chag, Sameer Dani, Ranjan Shetty, Prathap Kumar, Jagdish Hiremath, Dinesh Shah, Manish Doshi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
<i>Notes from the Field:</i> Increase in Acute Hepatitis B Infections — Pasco County, Florida, 2011–2016
Authors: Maura Comer, James Matthias, Garik Nicholson, Alice Asher, Scott Holmberg, Craig Wilson
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

Abbreviations: IDU = injection drug use; STI = sexually transmitted infection.* Five or more of eight major risk factor questions answered.† Risk factor percentages calculated by dividing the number of persons with a given risk factor by the 221 investigated.§ Might exceed total reporting any drug use because respondents might report both IDU and non-IDU history.
Ambient Air Pollution and Chronic Bronchitis in a Cohort of U.S. Women
Authors: Laura G. Hooper, Michael T. Young, Joshua P. Keller, Adam A. Szpiro, Katie M. O’Brien, Dale P. Sandler, Sverre Vedal, Joel D. Kaufman, Stephanie J. London
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2018)

Background: Limited evidence links air pollution exposure to chronic cough and sputum production. Few reports have investigated the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and classically defined chronic bronchitis. Objectives: Our objective was to estimate the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter (diameter &lt;10 μm, PM10; &lt;2.5μm, PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and both incident and prevalent chronic bronchitis. Methods: We estimated annual average PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 concentrations using a national land-use regression model with spatial smoothing at home addresses of participants in a prospective nationwide U.S. cohort study of sisters of women with breast cancer. Incident chronic bronchitis and prevalent chronic bronchitis, cough and phlegm, were assessed by questionnaires. Results: Among 47,357 individuals with complete data, 1,383 had prevalent chronic bronchitis at baseline, and 647 incident cases occurred over 5.7-y average follow-up. No associations with incident chronic bronchitis were observed. Prevalent chronic bronchitis was associated with PM10 [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) per interquartile range (IQR) difference (5.8 μg/m3)=1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.13]. In never-smokers, PM2.5 was associated with prevalent chronic bronchitis ( aOR=1.18 per IQR difference; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.34), and NO2 was associated with prevalent chronic bronchitis ( aOR=1.10; 95% CI=1.01, 1.20), cough ( aOR=1.10; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.16), and phlegm ( aOR=1.07; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.14); interaction p-values (nonsmokers vs. smokers) &lt;0.05. Conclusions: PM10 exposure was related to chronic bronchitis prevalence. Among never-smokers, PM2.5 and NO2 exposure was associated with chronic bronchitis and component symptoms. Results may have policy ramifications for PM10 regulation by providing evidence for respiratory health effects related to long-term PM10 exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2199
MYOCARDIAL BRIDGE MUSCLE INDEX (MMI): A MARKER OF DISEASE SEVERITY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION AND SYMPTOMATIC OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH ANGINA AND A HEMODYNAMICALLY SIGNIFICANT MYOCARDIAL BRIDGE
Authors: Vedant Pargaonkar, Ingela Schnittger, Ian Rogers, Shigemitsu Tanaka, Ryotaro Yamada, Takumi Kimura, Jack Boyd, Jennifer Tremmel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Colleges raise alarm over effect of EU legislation on UK healthcare
Authors: Helen Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2012)

“Urgent action” is needed on rules about testing the language competence of doctors from the EU who wish to work in the United Kingdom and on the effect of the European Working Time Directive (EWTD) on junior doctor training, the Royal College of Surgeons and the Royal College of Physicians have said.

Writing in a letter to the Daily Telegraph (www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/letters/9008920/Patients-at-risk.html), Norman Williams, president of the Royal College of Surgeons, and Richard Thompson, president of the Royal College of Physicians, have called for European Commission regulations on testing the language skills of migrating European doctors to be strengthened.

They also call for flexibility in how the on call time and compensatory rest elements of the EWTD are applied to trainees so as to allow …
How can I get a job in the Royal Air Force?
Authors: Ian Palmer
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Have a career or related problem that needs answering? Can9t find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site. <b>www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone</b>
IUI: review and systematic assessment of the evidence that supports global recommendations
Authors: Ben Cohlen, Aartjan Bijkerk, Sheryl Van der Poel, Willem Ombelet
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2017)

IUI with or without ovarian stimulation (OS) has become a first-line treatment option for many infertile couples, worldwide. The appropriate treatment modality for couples and their clinical management through IUI or IUI/OS cycles must consider maternal and perinatal outcomes, most notably the clinical complication of higher-order multiple pregnancies associated with IUI-OS. With a current global emphasis to continue to decrease maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity, the World Health Organization (WHO) had established a multi-year project to review the evidence for the establishment of normative guidance for the implementation of IUI as a treatment to address fertility problems, and to consider its cost-effectiveness for lower resource settings.The objective of this review is to provide a review of the evidence of 13 prioritized questions that cover IUI with and without OS. We provide summary recommendations for the development of global, evidence-based guidelines based upon methodology established by the WHO.We performed a comprehensive search using question-specific relevant search terms in May 2015. For each PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes) drafted by WHO, specific search terms were used to find the available evidence in MEDLINE (1950 to May 2015) and The Cochrane Library (until May 2015). After presentation to an expert panel, a further hand search of references in relevant reviews was performed up to January 2017. Articles that were found to be relevant were read and analysed by two investigators and critically appraised using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias, and AMSTAR in case of systematic reviews. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE system. An independent expert review process of our analysis was conducted in November 2016.This review provides an assessment and synthesis of the evidence that covers 13 clinical questions including the indications for the use of IUI versus expectant management, the sperm parameters required, the best and optimal method of timing and number of inseminations per cycle, prevention strategies to decrease multiple gestational pregnancies, and the cost-effectiveness of IUI versus IVF. We provide an evidence-based formulation of 20 recommendations, as well as two best practice points that address the integration of methods for the prevention of infection in the IUI laboratory. The quality of the evidence ranges from very low to high, with evidence that may be decades old but of high quality, however, we further discuss where critical research gaps in the evidence remain.This review presents an evidence synthesis assessment and includes recommendations that will assist health care providers worldwide with their decision-making when considering IUI treatments, with or without OS, for their patients presenting with fertility problems.
BMA “bitterly disappointed” at 1.25% contract uplift for Scottish GPs
Authors: Helen Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The BMA has said it is “bitterly disappointed” with the 1.25% uplift to the general medical services (GMS) contract awarded to GPs in Scotland.

The uplift will allow for a 1% salary increase for GPs, in line with the 1% increase all other health workers have received from 1 April, the Scottish government has said. But the BMA’s Scottish General Practitioners Committee has pointed out that the uplift is the …
NHS workforce diversity won’t improve without better data collection, says NHS Employers
Authors: Matthew Limb
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The NHS needs to be better at collecting and analysing workplace data to succeed in becoming truly diverse and inclusive, a report by NHS Employers has said.

Between 50% and 80% of trusts are not collecting workplace diversity data in a “usable” format, despite data collection being a statutory duty, an analysis has found. Paul Deemer, NHS Employers’ head of equality and diversity, said that data “gaps” were a concern and that NHS bodies had to work more closely with staff and do more to explain how collecting such data could bring benefits. “Unless we know what our workforce looks like, we can’t know whether or not we’re reflecting our communities,” he told BMJ Careers.

NHS Employers produced the report with Imperial College London and also the Employers Network …
Some of my friends have told me that most foreign doctors who go to the United Kingdom fail to get any job. I am interested in psychiatry; what is the situation?
Authors: Manoj Kumar
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Got a career or related problem that needs answering? Can't find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone ( www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone ) for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site.
INHIBITION OF APOLIPOPROTEIN C-III WITH GALNAC CONJUGATED ANTISENSE DRUG POTENTLY LOWERS FASTING SERUM APOLIPOPROTEIN C-III AND TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS WITH ELEVATED TRIGLYCERIDES
Authors: Veronica J. Alexander, Andres Digenio, Shuting Xia, Eunju Hurh, Steve Hughes, Richard S. Geary, Joseph L. Witztum, Sotirios Tsimikas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
GUIDELINE-RECOMMENDED PATIENT EDUCATION AMONG OUTPATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE: RESULTS FROM THE NCDR PINNACLE REGISTRY
Authors: Karl E. Minges, Erica Spatz, Eric Brandt, Yang Song, Gheorghe Doros, Christopher Cannon, Casey Cavanagh, Lindsey Rosman, Jeptha Curtis, Nihar Desai
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Facilitation of IL-22 production from innate lymphoid cells by prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> prevents experimental lung neutrophilic inflammation
Authors: Jennifer M Felton, Rodger Duffin, Calum T Robb, Siobhan Crittenden, Stephen M Anderton, Sarah E M Howie, Moira K B Whyte, Adriano G Rossi, Chengcan Yao
Journal: Thorax (2018)

Acute lung injury is a neutrophil-dominant, life-threatening disease without effective therapies and better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved is an urgent need. Here we show that interleukin (IL)-22 is produced from innate lymphoid cells (ILC) and is responsible for suppression of experimental lung neutrophilic inflammation. Blocking prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis reduces lung ILCs and IL-22 production, resulting in exacerbation of lung neutrophilic inflammation. In contrast, activation of the PGE2 receptor EP4 prevents acute lung inflammation. We thus demonstrate a mechanism for production of innate IL-22 in the lung during acute injury, highlighting potential therapeutic strategies for control of lung neutrophilic inflammation by targeting the PGE2/ILC/IL-22 axis.