tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
New Physical Activity Guidelines
Authors: Paul D. Thompson, Thijs M. H. Eijsvogels
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sixty seconds on . . . meat tax
Authors: Greta McLachlan
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Well, not exactly. While the media may be calling this a “meat tax,” there’s no government policy on taxing meat . . . yet.

The stories relate to a paper in PLOS One that reported the optimal level of taxation needed, in 149 world regions, to offset the theoretical healthcare costs of eating red meat and processed meat.1

No. In 2015, the World …
Global clinical trials validating bioequivalence with China-manufactured trastuzumab biosimilar, HLX02, and trastuzumab
Authors: Q. Zhang, B. Xu, Q. Zhang, T. Sun, W. Li, Y. Teng, X. Hu, I. Bondarenko, H. Adamchuk, L. Zhang, D. Trukhin, S. Wang, H. Zheng, Z. Tong, X. Zhang, E. Liu, W. Jiang, S. Liu, A. Luk
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Pirfenidone in the kaleidoscope: reflecting mechanisms through different angles
Authors: Argyris Tzouvelekis, Paul J. Wolters
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

<b>A multilayer reductionist approach to validate key findings from global gene expression analysis, and identify novel biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets for a drug that advanced to the clinical setting with a relatively unknown mechanism of action</b>http://ow.ly/GUf630myAI0
The reporting of studies conducted using observational routinely collected health data statement for pharmacoepidemiology (RECORD-PE)
Authors: Sinéad M Langan, Sigrún AJ Schmidt, Kevin Wing, Vera Ehrenstein, Stuart G Nicholls, Kristian B Filion, Olaf Klungel, Irene Petersen, Henrik T Sorensen, William G Dixon, Astrid Guttmann, Katie Harron, Lars G Hemkens, David Moher, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Liam Smeeth, Miriam Sturkenboom, Erik von Elm, Shirley V Wang, Eric I Benchimol
Journal: BMJ (2018)

In pharmacoepidemiology, routinely collected data from electronic health records (including primary care databases, registries, and administrative healthcare claims) are a resource for research evaluating the real world effectiveness and safety of medicines. Currently available guidelines for the reporting of research using non-randomised, routinely collected data—specifically the REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely collected health Data (RECORD) and the Strengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statements—do not capture the complexity of pharmacoepidemiological research. We have therefore extended the RECORD statement to include reporting guidelines specific to pharmacoepidemiological research (RECORD-PE). This article includes the RECORD-PE checklist (also available on www.record-statement.org) and explains each checklist item with examples of good reporting. We anticipate that increasing use of the RECORD-PE guidelines by researchers and endorsement and adherence by journal editors will improve the standards of reporting of pharmacoepidemiological research undertaken using routinely collected data. This improved transparency will benefit the research community, patient care, and ultimately improve public health.
Abstract 18390: Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity Measurement by Doppler Technique During Transesophageal Echocardiography Examination: A Feasible and Reproducible Method
Authors: Isabelle Plamondon, Jacques Somma, Jean Arsenault, André Saint-Pierre
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) is the gold-standard measure of arterial stiffness. In daily practice, the carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV) is widely used for arterial stiffness assessment. PWV is calculated by dividing traveled distance by transit time. But, the inaccuracy of distance measurement and the approximation of the true aortic length which change with age may influence the absolute value of cfPWV. Making the assumption that the flow wave of continuous spectral Doppler corresponds to the real pulse wave, aPWV can be directly measured in the aorta by transesophageal echography (TEE). The aim of this study is to evaluate whether aPWV measured by Doppler technique during TEE is easily feasible and to analyse the reproducibility of the technique. Methods: Doppler images were obtained from the TEE examination of the thoracic aorta in 44 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. From a random choice of 194 acquisitions, a total of 100 images were analyzed offline by two different investigators in two separated periods to measure the transit time according to the two tangents method. Results: The Bland-Altman plots illustrate that there is no significant difference nor bias between the two readings made by one observer and neither for the mean of the observations made by separated observers. Intra-observer reproducibility of the Doppler measurements was high ( Intra Class Correlation (ICC) = 0.98 and 0.96). Agreement between observer was also good (ICC=0.98). Conclusions: These data demonstrate that Doppler technique during TEE is a feasible and reproducible method to calculate aPWV.
Antimicrobial use in European acute care hospitals: results from the second point prevalence survey (PPS) of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use, 2016 to 2017
Authors: Diamantis Plachouras, Tommi Kärki, Sonja Hansen, Susan Hopkins, Outi Lyytikäinen, Maria Luisa Moro, Jacqui Reilly, Peter Zarb, Walter Zingg, Pete Kinross, Klaus Weist, Dominique L. Monnet, Carl Suetens
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2018)

Antimicrobial agents used to treat infections are life-saving. Overuse may result in more frequent adverse effects and emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. In 2016–17, we performed the second point-prevalence survey (PPS) of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial use in European acute care hospitals. We included 1,209 hospitals and 310,755 patients in 28 of 31 European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries. The weighted prevalence of antimicrobial use in the EU/EEA was 30.5% (95% CI: 29.2–31.9%). The most common indication for prescribing antimicrobials was treatment of a community-acquired infection, followed by treatment of HAI and surgical prophylaxis. Over half (54.2%) of antimicrobials for surgical prophylaxis were prescribed for more than 1 day. The most common infections treated by antimicrobials were respiratory tract infections and the most commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents were penicillins with beta-lactamase inhibitors. There was wide variation of patients on antimicrobials, in the selection of antimicrobial agents and in antimicrobial stewardship resources and activities across the participating countries. The results of the PPS provide detailed information on antimicrobial use in European acute care hospitals, enable comparisons between countries and hospitals, and highlight key areas for national and European action that will support efforts towards prudent use of antimicrobials.
CSF1R inhibitors exhibit antitumor activity in acute myeloid leukemia by blocking paracrine signals from support cells
Authors: David K. Edwards, Kevin Watanabe-Smith, Angela Rofelty, Alisa Damnernsawad, Ted Laderas, Adam Lamble, Evan F. Lind, Andy Kaempf, Motomi Mori, Mara Rosenberg, Amanda d’Almeida, Nicola Long, Anupriya Agarwal, David Tyler Sweeney, Marc Loriaux, Shannon K. McWeeney, Jeffrey W. Tyner
Journal: Blood (2018)
Assessment and comparison of CISNE model versus MASCC model in clinically stable febrile neutropenia patients
Authors: D. Koppaka, L.C. Kuntegowdanahalli, D. Lokanath, K. Govind Babu, L.A. Jacob, M.C. Suresh Babu, K.N. Lokesh, A.H. Rudresha, L.K. Rajeev, S.C. Smitha, A. Anand, V. Asati, R. Chethan, R. Patidar, T. Chaudhuri, A. Kasturi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) drives postprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in pregnant women with a history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass operation
Authors: Michael Leutner, Peter Klimek, Christian Göbl, Latife Bozkurt, Jürgen Harreiter, Peter Husslein, Wolfgang Eppel, Sabina Baumgartner-Parzer, Giovanni Pacini, Stefan Thurner, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
Journal: Metabolism (2018)
Abstract 219: Long - Term Prognosis Of Patients With Kawasaki Disease Complicated By Significant Coronary Aneurysm (diameter ≥ 6 mm)
Authors: Ji Seok Bang, Gi Beom Kim, Bo Sang Kwon, Eun Jung Bae, Chung Il Noh, Jung Yun Choi
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Some patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) develop large coronary aneurysms (diameter ≥ 6mm) and coronary stenosis, leading to ischemic heart disease. This study determined the long-term outcome for patients with Kawasaki disease complicated by significant coronary aneurysm. Methods and Results: From the database in Seoul National University Children’s Hospital between December 1986 and December 2013, medical records of 83 patients (61 men and 22 women) with large coronary aneurysms (diameter ≥ 6mm) were retrospectively reviewed. Information on patient demographics, catheter or surgical interventions, and most recent status was collected. From these data, we calculated the survival rate, cumulative coronary intervention rate, coronary artery bypass graft surgery rate. The mean age at onset was 4.28 ± 2.62 years, and the mean observational period was 13.2 ± 6.5 years. The maximum coronary artery internal diameter ranged from 6.1 to 25mm (median 9mm). Giant coronary aneurysm was 57 patients (68.7%) and large coronary aneurysm (6-8mm) was 26 patients (31.3%). Coronary aneurysms had progressed to coronary artery stenosis and/or complete occlusion in 42 patients (50.6%). The overall freedom from coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass surgery, or coronary thrombi was respectively 85.5%, 85.5%, and 90.3%. Catheter and surgical coronary interventions (median 1 intervention; range 1 to 5 interventions) were performed in 20 patients (24.1%) at 9 month to 18 years after onset, resulting in 33.7% cumulative coronary intervention rates at 20 years after onset. There were no differences in cumulative coronary intervention rates between two coronary aneurysm groups (6-8mm vs ≥8mm). Myocardial infarction occurred in 8 (8.98 %) patients. During this study period, 1 patient died and 98% survival rates was seen in our patients group. Conclusion: The long-term survival of patients with Kawasaki disease complicated by large coronary aneurysm is good even though a fourth of patients underwent multiple catheter or surgical interventions. Further research should focus on the indications for and effectiveness of percutaneous and surgical coronary interventions in large coronary aneurysm (≥ 6mm).
In Barrett esophagus, high- vs low-dose esomeprazole improved clinical outcomes; aspirin vs no aspirin did not
Authors: John K. Marshall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

ACP Journal Club20 November 2018In Barrett esophagus, high- vs low-dose esomeprazole improved clinical outcomes; aspirin vs no aspirin did notJohn K. Marshall, MD, MSc, FRCPC, AGAFJohn K. Marshall, MD, MSc, FRCPC, AGAFMcMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.K.M.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2018-169-10-054 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationJankowski JA, de Caestecker J, Love SB, et al. Esomeprazole and aspirin in Barrett's oesophagus (AspECT): a randomised factorial trial. Lancet. 2018;392:400-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30057104Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Gastroenterology: References1 Desai TK, Krishnan K, Samala N, et al. The incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma in non-dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus: a meta-analysis. Gut. 2012;61:970-6. [PMID: 21997553] Google Scholar2 Shaheen NJ, Falk GW, Iyer PG, Gerson LB; American College of Gastroenterology. ACG clinical guideline: diagnosis and management of Barrett's esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016;111:30-50. [PMID: 26526079] Google Scholar3 Vaezi MF, Yang YX, Howden CW. Complications of proton pump inhibitor therapy. Gastroenterology. 2017;153:35-48. [PMID: 28528705] Google Scholar4 Valkhoff VE, Sturkenboom MC, Kuipers EJ. Risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding associated with low-dose aspirin. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2012;26:125-40. [PMID: 22542151] Google Scholar5 Kuipers EJ, Spaander MC. Natural history of Barrett's esophagus. Dig Dis Sci. 2018;63:1997-2004. [PMID: 29905908] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.K.M.)This article was published at Annals.org on 6 November 2018. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 November 2018Volume 169, Issue 10Page: JC54KeywordsAspirinChemopreventionDysplasiaEsophageal adenocarcinomaEsophagusMortalityNSAIDsNumber needed to treatProton pump inhibitorsSafety ePublished: 20 November 2018 Issue Published: 20 November 2018 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2018 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Multiplexed In Vivo Imaging Using Size‐Controlled Quantum Dots in the Second Near‐Infrared Window
Authors: Sanghwa Jeong, Yebin Jung, Seoyeon Bok, Yeon‐Mi Ryu, Sumin Lee, Young‐Eun Kim, Jaejung Song, Miyeon Kim, Sang‐Yeob Kim, G‐One Ahn, Sungjee Kim
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)

PbS/CdS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) that emit at the second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) window are synthesized. The PbS seed size and CdS shell thicknesses are carefully controlled to produce bright and narrow fluorescence that are suitable for multiplexing. A polymer encapsulation yields polymer-encapsulated NIR-II QDs (PQDs), which provides the QDs with long-term fluorescence stability over a week in biological media. Exploiting the simple bioconjugation capability of PQDs, folic acids are conjugated to PQDs that can efficiently label folate receptor overexpressing cell lines. The PQDs afford multiplexed and nearly real-time longitudinal whole-body in vivo imaging. Two NIR-II QD probes are prepared: folic acid-conjugated PQDs (FA-PQDs) emitting at 1280 nm and unconjugated PQDs emitting at 1080 nm. The two PQDs are engineered to have compact and similar hydrodynamic sizes. A mixture of the folic acid-conjugated PQD and unconjugated PQDs is injected intravenously into a tumor-xenografted mouse, and the signals from them are monitored. This NIR-II whole-body imaging with the two PQDs provides precise evaluation of the active ligand-assisted tumor-targeting capability of the FA-PQD probe because the hydrodynamic size control of the two PQDs effectively eliminates effects from the size-dependent accumulations by permeations and retentions in tumors.
Albumin fluid resuscitation in patients on venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) therapy is associated with improved survival
Authors: Tobias Wengenmayer, Florentine Schroth, Paul M. Biever, Daniel Duerschmied, Christoph Benk, Georg Trummer, Klaus Kaier, Christoph Bode, Dawid L. Staudacher
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2018)
Resilience of human gut microbial communities for the long stay with multiple dietary shifts
Authors: Hong Liu, Maozhen Han, Shuai Cheng Li, Guangming Tan, Shiwei Sun, Zhiqiang Hu, Pengshuo Yang, Rui Wang, Yawen Liu, Feng Chen, Jianjun Peng, Hong Peng, Hongxing Song, Yang Xia, Liqun Chu, Quan Zhou, Feng Guan, Jing Wu, Dongbo Bu, Kang Ning
Journal: Gut (2018)

We read with great interest the article by Bennet et al 1 that investigated the impact of dietary shifts on gut microbiota. Together with several recent studies,2–5 they have shown that short-term dietary shifts can alter the composition of gut microbiota for both patients and healthy humans. However, these works drawn the conclusion with only a few time points and the subjects under investigation had undergone just one dietary shift. The dynamic patterns of microbial communities across longer time scales with multiple dietary shifts remain unclear.

In this study, we recruited a Chinese volunteer team (VT) composing of 10 people who departed from Beijing, conducted a long stay of 6 months in Trinidad and Tobago (TAT) and returned to Beijing. Their faecal samples (188 samples), together with detailed dietary information, were collected using a high-density longitudinal sampling strategy (19 time points on average for VT members). We partitioned the whole longitudinal study into six phases: T1 represents pre-travel phase (20 samples), T2 (28 samples), T3 (60 samples) and T4 (21 samples) represent three time-slots when VT stayed in TAT, and T5 (35 samples) and T6 (20 samples) represent two time-slots after VT returned to Beijing. Meanwhile, we also collected samples from healthy natives of Beijing (BJN, 57 samples), TAT healthy natives (TTN, 28 samples), TAT patients (TTP, six samples) and TAT Chinese (TTC, eight samples) as control datasets. Finally, we sequenced the V4 …
Bilateral Round Scar-like Lesions on the Face of a Young Man
Authors: Lucía Quintana Castanedo, María José Beato Merino, Almudena Nuño González
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Reveals Changes in Immune Cell Composition and Distinct Inflammatory Gene Expression Profiles during Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease Flare
Authors: Ruth-Anne Langan, Dustin Shilling, Michael Gonzalez, Charlly Kao, Hakon Hakonarson, Taku Kambayashi, David C Fajgenbaum
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 18049: Improved Survival in Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Withholding Positive Pressure Ventilation
Authors: Kenneth Scheppke, James Ippolito, Keith Breyer, Robert Chait
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Hypothesis: The withholding/delay of positive pressure ventilation can improve out of hospital adult primary cardiac arrest survival. Methods: All adult primary cardiac arrest victims in a single municipal (Sate of Florida) Fire/Rescue service in whom resuscitation attempts were made were initially given chest compressions only. Positive pressure ventilation was withheld until the first of either 10 minutes or return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Continuous uninterrupted chest compressions were an integral part of the protocol. Primary cardiac arrest was defined as an arrest not felt to be due to hypoxia. The Florida State EMSTARS (EMS Tracking and Reporting System) database provided the information for statewide average ROSC. Results: Over a two-year period the ROSC and neurologically intact recovery rate was dramatically improved over Florida State average controls. The 2013 total ROSC rate was 40% (18/45) compared to a Florida State average ROSC of 16.7%. The 2014 primary cardiac arrest ROSC rate was 51.5% (17/33) with 29.4% of the ROSC patients or 15.2% of the total achieving neurologically intact survival. This compares to the 2014 Florida State average ROSC of 17.9%. Conclusion: Delayed positive pressure ventilation seems to be associated with both improved ROSC and neurologically intact survival in adult out of hospital primary cardiac arrest. Further study is warranted to determine the extent of this association.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Role in the BM Niche and in the Support of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Stefania Crippa, Maria Ester Bernardo
Journal: HemaSphere (2018)

Abstract Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are key elements in the bone marrow (BM) niche where they interact with hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) by offering physical support and secreting soluble factors, which control HSPC maintenance and fate. Although necessary for their maintenance, MSCs are a rare population in the BM, they are plastic adherent and can be ex vivo expanded to reach numbers adequate for clinical use. In light of HSPC supportive properties, MSCs have been employed in phase I/II clinical trials of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to facilitate engraftment of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Moreover, they have been utilized to expand ex vivo HSCs before clinical use. The available clinical evidence from these trials indicate that MSC administration is safe, as no acute and long‐term adverse events have been registered in treated patients, and may be efficacious in promoting hematopoietic engraftment after HSCT. In this review, we critically discuss the role of MSCs as component of the BM niche, as recent advances in defining different mesenchymal populations in the BM have considerably increased our understanding of this complex environment. Moreover, we will revise published literature on the use of MSCs to support HSC engraftment and expansion, as well as consider potential new MSC application in the clinical context of ex vivo gene therapy with autologous HSC.