tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Clinical Practice Guideline for High Blood Pressure in Adults
Authors: Paul K. Whelton, Robert M. Carey
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Data chart: How GP pay has risen and fallen over 60 years
Authors: Tom Moberly
Journal: BMJ (2017)

In 2015-16, GP partners earned an average of £101 300, figures released this month by NHS Digital show.1

The figures also show that, over the past decade, the average incomes of GP partners have fallen by 8%, from £110 004 in the 2005-06 financial year to £101 300 in 2015-16. Over this period …
Cancer immunotherapy using trabectedin and nivolumab in advanced soft tissue sarcoma: A retrospective analysis.
Authors: Erlinda Maria Gordon, Kamalesh Kumar Sankhala, Nathan Stumpf, Joshua Ravicz, Suzan Arasheben, Bryan Leong, Grace Kang, Seth Kim, William W. Tseng, Sant P Chawla
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

40 Background: To restore innate tumor surveillance that is lost in cancer patients, a tumoricidal agent may have synergistic activity with an immune checkpoint inhibitor. Herein, we report on a retrospective analysis of our clinical experience using trabectedin, an alkylating agent, and nivolumab, a PD-1 inhibitor in advanced soft tissue sarcoma. Methods: Twenty previously treated STS patients received trabectedin (1.5 mg/m 2 continuous intravenous infusion, CIV, for 24 hours) every 3 weeks, and nivolumab (3 mg/kg IV over 30 minutes) every 2 weeks. Safety/toxicity was analyzed using the NIH/NCI CTCAE v.4.03. Tumor responses were assessed by RECIST v1.1 and immune-related response criteria (irRECIST). Results: Histologic subtypes in 20 patients include undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS; n = 7), leiomyosarcoma (n = 5), synovial sarcoma (n = 2), myxoid liposarcoma (n = 4) and chondrosarcoma (n = 2). All patients had metastatic disease and a median of 4 lines of prior chemotherapy. Safety analysis (n = 20): Grade 3 treatment emergent adverse events include anemia (n = 2), fatigue (n = 1), decreased platelet count (n = 1), decreased granulocyte count (n = 1) and increased creatine kinase (n = 1). Efficacy analysis (n = 17): Seventeen patients were followed for at least 6 months and their results are reported here. There were 4 partial responses (UPS = 1, myxoid liposarcoma = 1, chondrosarcoma = 1, leiomyosarcoma = 1), 7 stable disease, and 6 progressive disease, with best overall response rate of 23.5%, median progression free survival (PFS) of &gt; 11.6 months (range: 2.3- &gt; 16.9 months), median overall survival (OS) of &gt; 14.2 months (4.5- &gt; 24.0 months), 6 month PFS rate of 64.7%, and 6 month OS rate of 94.1%. In a Phase 3 study, the median PFS was 4.2 months using trabectedin alone (Demetri et al., 2015). Conclusions: Taken together, the data suggest that paired administration of trabectedin and nivolumab is safe, and that this chemo-/immuno-therapy approach has synergistic activity.
Abstract P1-03-10: Breast tumour kinase and its role in mTOR signalling
Authors: A Harvey, H Foster, M Thorpe, E Karteris
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background: The development of distal metastases and the acquisition of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents are one of the leading causes of cancer related death in breast cancer patients. There is both a scientific and clinical need to understand the alterations in cellular signalling pathways that could contribute to chemotherapeutic resistance in breast cancer, thereby identifying novel targets for therapy. The intracellular tyrosine kinase Brk/PTK6 enhances coupling of ErbB signalling to PI3K/Akt and we hypothesise that Brk plays a role in chemo-resistance and activation of downstream effectors such as mTOR. Methods: The protein and activation levels of mTOR pathway components and expression levels of Brk, in both Taxol-sensitive and resistant breast cancer cells, were examined by western blotting and immunofluorescence. Brk transfected cells were treated with BEZ-235 for 72 hours and relative cell numbers determine by MTT assay. Immunoprecipitation studies were carried out on lysates from T47D cells, transfected to express FLAG-tagged Brk, with ANTI-FLAGM2 agarose beads. Sequence alignment was done using the NCBI BLAST Tool. Results: We found that mTOR signalling was up-regulated in the Taxol-resistant cell line compared to parental Taxol-sensitive cells. This up-regulation was also accompanied by increased Brk levels. Transfection of a Brk-negative breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-468 with wild-type Brk resulted in increased levels of both mTOR and, to a lesser extent, the downstream signalling component GβL at the protein level compared to cells transfected with vector only. Levels of the mTOR inhibitor DEPTOR were also decreased in response to Brk expression and mTOR co-precipitated in FLAG-Brk pull downs using FLAG M2 beads. The Taxol resistant cells also showed altered responses to the mTOR inhibitor RAD-001/everolimus. Interestingly, sequence alignment revealed that there are common amino acid motifs between Brk and the mTOR regulatory molecule DEPTOR. Conclusions: These data implicate Brk in up-regulating mTOR expression and indicate that Brk may influence mTOR signalling in the development of Taxol resistance. It is possible that Brk could substitute for DEPTOR in mTOR complexes providing a mechanism for elevated mTOR signalling in many breast cancers. Citation Format: Harvey A, Foster H, Thorpe M, Karteris E. Breast tumour kinase and its role in mTOR signalling [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-03-10.
THE HEMODYNAMIC IMPACT OF MITRAL REGURGITATION, LEFT ATRIAL DYNAMICS, AND RIGHT VENTRICULAR TO PULMONARY CIRCULATION COUPLING DURING EXERCISE ON CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE PERFORMANCE AND CLINICAL OUTCOME IN LEFT HEART DISEASE
Authors: Tadafumi Sugimoto, Francesco Bandera, Greta Generati, Eleonora Alfonzetti, Vincenzo Tufaro, Marco Guazzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Future of Neurologic Examination in Clinical Practice
Authors: Luca Marsili, Alberto J. Espay, Aristide Merola
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
<i>BRAF</i> and <i>NRAS</i> mutations in Metastatic Melanoma Patients with Leptomeningeal Disease.
Authors: Sapna Pradyuman Patel, Sruti Lam, Michelle L. Rohlfs, Patricia S Fox, Jessie Richard, Masood Iqbal, Theresa Bernzen, Isabella Claudia Glitza, Nicholas E. Papadopoulos, Patrick Hwu, Michael A. Davies
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20079 Background: Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is the one of the most dire consequences of metastatic melanoma (MM). Treatment for LMD remains essentially supportive, with some use of intrathecal therapies, and median survival is 8 weeks or less. Currently, there are no factors that predict the risk of developing LMD in MM. We reviewed the results of molecular testing of MM patients (pts) at our institution diagnosed with LMD to determine the prevalence of hotspot BRAF and NRAS mutations in this population. Methods: The ICD-9 billing codes of pts seen at MD Anderson Cancer Center with MM and CLIA-certified molecular testing up to the year 2010 (n = 814) were reviewed. An ICD-9 code consistent with melanoma in addition to CNS metastasis (secondary neoplasm brain / spinal cord or neoplasm of the meninges) was identified in 356 pts. The clinical records of these 356 pts were reviewed to identify a diagnosis of LMD by radiographic imaging and/or cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Non-overlapping records of pts who received treatment for MM LMD using intrathecal IL-2 (IT IL-2) were also reviewed for molecular testing. Mutation data were available in 30 pts from the ICD-9 cohort and from 30 pts who received IT IL-2. Results: In total, 60 MM pts with radiographic and/or pathologic evidence of LMD and tumor mutation testing were identified, of whom 53 (88%) had a BRAF V600 (68%) or NRAS Q61 or G13 (20%) mutation. The remaining 12% (n = 7) were wild-type for these genes. Compared to the general melanoma population, where the BRAF + NRAS mutation rate is estimated at 65%, the combined BRAF + NRAS mutation rate in this MM LMD dataset is statistically higher (exact two-sided p < 0.001). The observed rate of BRAF mutations alone is significantly higher in the MM LMD dataset than in the general melanoma population (68% v. 45%, exact two-sided p < 0.001), but the NRAS mutation rate was not different (20% in both). Conclusions: In this single-center analysis, MM LMD pts have a statistically significant increased rate of BRAF V600 mutations compared to the general melanoma population. The molecular mechanism surrounding this predilection is an area deserving of further study.
ONE-YEAR CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF HIGH-INTENSITY VERSUS MODERATE TO LOW-INTENSITY STATIN THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: PROPENSITY-SCORE MATCHING ANALYSIS
Authors: Jung-Hee Lee, Byungchul Son, Ung Kim, Chan-Hee Lee, Jang-Won Son, Jong-Seon Park, Dong-Gu Shin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Effect of long-term exposure to fine particulate matter on lung function decline and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Taiwan: a longitudinal, cohort study
Authors: Cui Guo, Zilong Zhang, Alexis K H Lau, Chang Qing Lin, Yuan Chieh Chuang, Jimmy Chan, Wun Kai Jiang, Tony Tam, Eng-Kiong Yeoh, Ta-Chien Chan, Ly-Yun Chang, Xiang Qian Lao
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2018)

BackgroundInformation on the effects of long-term exposure to fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2·5 μm or less (PM2·5) on lung health is scarce. We aimed to investigate the associations between long-term exposure to PM2·5, lung function, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a large-scale longitudinal cohort.MethodsWe included 285 046 participants aged 20 years or older from the Taiwan MJ Health Management Institution cohort, who were recruited between 2001 and 2014 and had spirometric tests during the medical examination visit. We used a satellite-based spatiotemporal model to estimate the 2-year average ground concentration of PM2·5 (for the calendar year of each participant's medical examination and for the previous year) at each participant's address. We used the generalised linear mixed model to examine the associations between PM2·5 concentrations and lung function and the Cox proportional hazard regression model with time-dependent covariates to investigate the PM2·5 effects on COPD development.FindingsEvery 5 μg/m3 increment in PM2·5 was associated with a decrease of 1·18% for forced vital capacity (FVC), 1·46% for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), 1·65% for maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF), and 0·21% for FEV1:FVC ratio. The decrease accelerated over time. Additional annual declines were observed for FVC (0·14%), FEV1 (0·24%), MMEF (0·44%), and FEV1:FVC ratio (0·09%). Compared with the participants exposed to the first quartile of PM2·5, participants exposed to the fourth, third, and second quartiles of PM2·5 had a hazard ratio of 1·23 (95% CI 1·09–1·39), 1·30 (1·16–1·46), and 1·39 (1·24–1·56) for COPD development, respectively.InterpretationLong-term exposure to ambient PM2·5 is associated with reduced, and faster declines in, lung function. Long-term exposure to ambient PM2·5 is also associated with an increased risk of the incidence of COPD. This study reinforces the urgency of global strategies to mitigate air pollution for improvement of pulmonary health and prevention of COPD.FundingEnvironmental Health Research Fund of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and PhD Studentship of the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
Morbidity and mortality outcomes after esophagectomy following chemoradiation using a standardized operative technique.
Authors: Jinny Suk Ha, Charles Fraser, Xun Zhou, Natasha Hansaraj, Whitney Burrows, Stephen Broderick, Richard James Battafarano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

166 Background: Esophagogastrectomy following neoadjuvant chemo-radiation therapy for the treatment of locally advanced esophageal cancer is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that the avoidance of neck anastomoses unless absolutely necessary to achieve negative margins and standardization of the anastomotic technique among surgeons would significantly decrease perioperative morbidity and potential mortality and improve oncologic outcomes for these patients. Methods: A HIPAA-compliant, prospectively maintained data base was retrospectively analyzed on 115 patients who underwent esophagogastrectomy following chemo-RT from 2007-2017 performed via a laparotomy and right thoracotomy using a standardized anastomotic technique. These procedures were performed by 5 different attending surgeons at 2 different academic medical centers. Peri-operative morbidity was assessed by standard measures and post-operative survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meyer survival. Results: There was 1 anastomotic leak and 1 mortality at 30 and 90 days. The overall 5-year survival was 40%. Major morbidity, defined as re-operation for bleeding, anastomotic leak, pneumonia, reintubation, chyle leak, and initial mechanical ventilation &gt; 48 hours was 26% (30/113). Conclusions: Low anastomotic complication rates are associated with decreased perioperative morbidity and prolonged oncologic survival when compared to historical controls.
Abstract 18038: Morphology, Rate and Rhythm of Ventricular Complexes during Primary PEA and their Prognostic Significance
Authors: Carmen Teodorescu, Kyndaron Reinier, Celia Dervan, Audrey Uy-Evanado, Mershed Samara, Harpriya Chugh, Ronald Mariani, Karen Gunson, Jonathan Jui, Sumeet S Chugh
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction:  Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) with pulseless electrical activity (PEA) has a significantly lower survival rate compared to ventricular fibrillation and mechanisms of PEA are poorly understood.   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized that there is significant variability in morphology, rate and rhythm of ventricular complexes recorded during PEA, with potential implications for resuscitation outcome.   Methods:  In a pilot study from an ongoing community-based investigation of SCA in a metropolitan region of the US Pacific Northwest (2002 −2009), recordings of primary PEA were analyzed from 51 consecutive subjects that underwent resuscitation. Subjects were required to present with PEA as the initial rhythm. We measured morphology of the ventricular QRS complex as well as rate and rhythm of the RR interval.   Results:  Overall mean R-R interval was 1697 ± 958 ms and the QRS duration was 194 ± 115 ms. Slow PEA (R-R > 1000 ms) was observed in 41 (80%) of the recordings, fast PEA (R-R    Conclusions:  The majority of primary PEA presents with a slow rate  100) appears to have the worst prognosis.
ESCMID Study Group for Infections in Compromised Hosts (ESGICH) Consensus Document on the safety of targeted and biological therapies: an infectious diseases perspective (Agents targeting lymphoid or myeloid cells surface antigens [II]: CD22, CD30, CD33, CD38, CD40, SLAMF-7 and CCR4)
Authors: L. Drgona, C. Gudiol, S. Lanini, B. Salzberger, G. Ippolito, M. Mikulska
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2018)
Making pay fair
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Female doctors account for almost half the medical workforce and yet are still, on average, paid less than their male colleagues. Nearly 20 years ago the gap between male and female doctors’ pay began to close. But rather than pay reaching a point of equality, the gap has since widened, and in 2013 male doctors earned 40% more than their female colleagues.

Part of …
Postgraduate diploma in evidence based health care (EBHC)
Authors: Neelima Deshpande
Journal: BMJ (2004)

H ealth professionals in full time or part time employment, after completing the certificate in evidence based health care.

I first completed the certificate course and then the diploma course at Rewley House in Oxford (September 2000 to September 2002). I was in year 4 and 5 of my specialist registrar training in obstetrics and gynaecology.

I did it to gain a thorough understanding of evidence based medicine and health care. I also wanted grounding in evidence based medicine and research methods in health care.

About 12 hours of study each week. Both the certificate and diploma courses involve submitting three assignments to preset deadlines. …
Sports-related injuries in New Zealand: National Insurance (Accident Compensation Corporation) claims for five sporting codes from 2012 to 2016
Authors: Doug King, Patria A Hume, Natalie Hardaker, Cloe Cummins, Conor Gissane, Trevor Clark
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

To provide epidemiological data and related costs for sport-related injuries of five sporting codes (cricket, netball, rugby league, rugby union and football) in New Zealand for moderate-to-serious and serious injury claims.A retrospective analytical review using detailed descriptive epidemiological data obtained from the Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) for 2012-2016.Over the 5 years of study data, rugby union recorded the most moderate-to-serious injury entitlement claims (25 226) and costs (New Zealand dollars (NZD$)267 359 440 (£139 084 749)) resulting in the highest mean cost (NZD$10 484 (£5454)) per moderate-to-serious injury entitlement claim. Rugby union recorded more serious injury entitlement claims (n=454) than cricket (t(4)=-66.6; P<0.0001); netball (t(4)=-45.1; P<0.0001); rugby league (t(4)=-61.4; P<0.0001) and football (t(4)=66.6; P<0.0001) for 2012-2016. There was a twofold increase in the number of female moderate-to-serious injury entitlement claims for football (RR 2.6 (95%CI 2.2 to 2.9); P<0.0001) compared with cricket, and a threefold increase when compared with rugby union (risk ratio (RR) 3.1 (95%CI 2.9 to 3.3); P<0.0001). Moderate-to-serious concussion claims increased between 2012 and 2016 for netball (RR 3.7 (95%CI 1.9 to 7.1); P<0.0001), rugby union (RR 2.0 (95% CI 1.6 to 2.4); P<0.0001) and football (RR 2.3 (95%CI 1.6 to 3.2); P<0.0001). Nearly a quarter of moderate-to-serious entitlement claims (23%) and costs (24%) were to participants aged 35 years or older.Rugby union and rugby league have the highest total number and costs associated with injury. Accurate sport exposure data are needed to enable injury risk calculations.
Abstract ES10-3: Breast cancer patient-derived xenografts as models for metastatic progression and therapeutic response
Authors: AL Welm
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Metastasis is the main cause of death from breast cancer, and yet little is understood with regard to how to prevent tumors from appearing in distant organs as metastases, or how to treat them once they appear. Using new models and approaches, we have discovered a new pathway regulating metastasis to lungs and bones. We found that RON kinase regulates breast cancer metastasis through cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms. This presentation will cover use of various models of breast cancer to study metastasis and therapy response, including patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. PDX models represent the diversity of human breast tumors, and can be feasibly utilized to test new drugs and drug combinations to find therapeutic approaches that match with molecular features of various tumor types. The goal of our work is to utilize PDX and other relevant in vivo models to obtain preclinical data that will facilitate prioritization of drugs to be tested in breast cancer clinical trials, including RON kinase inhibitors. Taken together, these elements converge to reveal high-priority treatment strategies for future clinical trials in breast cancer patients. Citation Format: Welm AL. Breast cancer patient-derived xenografts as models for metastatic progression and therapeutic response [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES10-3.