tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Suicide Risk After Psychiatric Hospital Discharge
Authors: Mark Olfson
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Abstract 236: HDAC5 is Required for Recruitment of an HDAC1/Sin3a Repressor Complex to the Ncx1 Promoter During Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Lillianne G Harris, Sabina Wang, Santhosh K Mani, Harinath Kasiganesan, Donald K Menick
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Background: Pressure overload can lead to aberrant gene expression and subsequent adverse hypertrophic changes in cardiac tissue. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play an important role in alteration of gene expression during cardiac hypertrophy. We observed that class I/IIb HDAC inhibitors, TSA and Vorinostat prevent upregulation of the sodium calcium exchanger gene, Ncx1 , in response to cardiac hypertrophy. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) demonstrates the class I HDAC, HDAC1, class IIa HDAC, HDAC5 and co-repressor, Sin3a are recruited to the Ncx1 promoter via Nkx2.5. Class IIa HDACs have very poor catalytic activity and can interact with many specific transcription factors. Thus, we hypothesized , that the class IIa, HDAC5 acts as a scaffold to recruit the class I HDAC/Sin3a complex to the Ncx1 promoter. Methods and Results: To test our hypothesis adult cardiomyocytes were treated with either vehicle (control) or class specific HDAC inhibitors: class I (Entinostat), or class IIa (dPAHA). We found that class I HDAC inhibitor, Entinostat, abrogates adrenergic stimulated upregulation of Ncx1 expression in adult cardiomyocytes to almost control levels (p&lt;0.05 Student’s t; n=4), while class IIa HDAC inhibitor, dPAHA has no effect on adrenergic stimulated upregulation of Ncx1 expression (p&gt;0.05 Student’s t; n=4). Also, Entinostat inhibits Ncx1 upregulation in a transaortic constriction (TAC) model of hypertrophy. We assessed the role class IIa HDAC5 in Ncx1 regulation, by subjecting HDAC5-Knockout mice (HDAC5-KO) to TAC. We saw no induction of Ncx1 expression post-TAC (n=5). Furthermore, Co-IP and ChIP analyses show that interactions between the Sin3a/HDAC1 complex and Nkx2.5 are lost in the absence of HDAC5 expression and fail to be recruited to the Ncx1 promoter. To conclude , our data suggests the catalytic activity of HDAC5 is not essential but rather HDAC5 is a scaffold that recruits the class I HDAC1–Sin3a complex to the Ncx1 promoter. Our novel findings provide insight into possible roles of class IIa HDACs in regulation of gene expression and efficacy of HDAC inhibitors to treat cardiac pathologies.
In Molecular Pursuit of Bone Metastasis by Fluciclovine PET
Authors: Liza Lindenberg
Journal: Theranostics (2017)

Diagnosing bone metastases with traditional anatomic modalities, such as MRI and CT, is limited by sensitivity, and conventional bone radiotracers are only indirect markers of cancer activity.Fortunately, molecular imaging is uniquely capable of providing radiotracers such as fluciclovine and radiolabeled choline, that actually target tumors in the bone.The merits of research in imaging osseous metastases in animal models using these radiotracers and the implications for future clinical translation are discussed.
Normative performance on cleveland clinic concussion application for youth, high school and college athletes
Authors: Rick Figler, Susan Linder, Andrew Russman, Jason Cruickshank, Bob Grey, Sarah Ozinga, Maureen Lally, Tanujit Day, Jay Alberts
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective The utilisation of a multi-factorial approach to evaluating relevant neuro-cognitive and motor function is a critical element in effective and comprehensive concussion management. In this project, normative data were gathered utilising the Cleveland Clinic Concussion (C3) iPad Application in youth, high school and college athletes. Design Prospective normative study. Setting Field-based. Participants Pre-season C3 data were collected in more the 6,500 youth (N=607), high school (N=5415) and college (N=744) athletes; approximately 32% females. Data were collected between Fall 2014 and Spring 2015. Interventions NA. Outcome measures Neurocognitive assessment modules of C3 include information processing (simple and choice reaction time), attention and working memory (Trail Making Test) and postural stability. Balance is quantified through biomechanical processing of accelerometer and gyroscope data gathered from the iPad during performance of the BESS. Main results No gender effects were present for performance on the neurocognitive modules; however, postural stability was significantly worse for youth males compared to female peers (P&lt;0.01). Youth were significantly slower in performance of neurocognitive modules (simple and choice reaction time and Trails; (P&lt;0.0001)). Neurocognitive and postural stability measures were similar across high school and college athletes. Conclusions Slower neurocognitive performance in youth relative to older athletes underscores the need to utilise age appropriate normative data in the management of concussion, particularly if no baseline is acquired. The control of postural stability develops at different rates as a function of age and gender, therefore balance assessment across the injury spectrum must utilise specific age-gender normative values. Competing interests JLA, SML and SBO have authored intellectual property associated with the mobile application presented in this study.
Tracking developmental trajectories on neurocognitive testing in young athletes ages 5–12
Authors: Philip Schatz, Charles Ferris
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective Despite increased attention to sports-related concussion, there is a lack of research on younger athletes. The purpose of this study was to establish developmental trajectories on neurocognitive testing in younger athletes ages 5 to 12. Design Pre-Test Only Design. Setting Multi-site study from numerous locations in the Eastern USA and Canada. Participants A total of 788 youth athletes, 73% male, assigned to groups on the basis of age: Ages 5–6 (N=128), Ages 7–8 (N=282), Ages 9–10 (N=284), Ages 11–12 (N=94). Intervention An iPad-based Paediatric version of the ImPACT test was administered individually to participants in a quiet office setting. Outcome measures Accuracy scores were documented on: Word List Learning (Immediate, Delayed, Recognition); and accuracy and timing scores on Design Rotation, Choice Reaction Time, Visual Sequencing and Visual Memory. Main results One-way ANOVAs with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, and Scheffé post-hoc comparisons were conducted between age groups on the dependent measures. All measures showed statistically significant changes (p&lt; 0.001) across the developmental age groups, with better performance in older participants and lower performance in younger participants. Conclusions Youth athletes between the ages of 5 and 12 are underrepresented with respect to age-appropriate assessment measures, and these results document the need for developmentally- and age-appropriate measures and normative data, in order to capture neurocognitive change across developmental stages. Competing interests Dr. Schatz serves on the ImPACT Scientific Advisory Board. None.
Poverty cannot be inhaled and it is not a genetic condition. How can it be associated with chronic airflow obstruction?
Authors: Carlos A. Torres-Duque
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Chronic airflow obstruction (CAO) does not mean chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but it is one of its defining characteristics [1]. According to the global strategy for diagnosis, management and prevention of obstructive lung diseases, COPD is usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases. The report highlights that airflow obstruction in COPD is the result of complex interactions between exposures (mainly smoking, biomass fuels and occupational dusts) and host factors, and postulates that COPD could be a relatively specific and separable disease in nosological terms. Poverty is independently associated with chronic airflow obstruction: underlying factors need to be investigated <http://ow.ly/Juux30c0MnA>
Muir's Text-Book of Pathology
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with Mutated IGHV4-34 Receptors: Shared and Distinct Immunogenetic Features and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Aliki Xochelli, Panagiotis Baliakas, Ioannis Kavakiotis, Andreas Agathangelidis, Lesley-Ann Sutton, Eva Minga, Stavroula Ntoufa, Eugen Tausch, Xiao-Jie Yan, Tait Shanafelt, Karla Plevova, Myriam Boudjogra, Davide Rossi, Zadie Davis, Alba Navarro, Yorick Sandberg, Fie Juhl Vojdeman, Lydia Scarfo, Niki Stavroyianni, Andrey Sudarikov, Silvio Veronese, Tatiana Tzenou, Teodora Karan-Djurasevic, Mark Catherwood, Dirk Kienle, Maria Chatzouli, Monica Facco, Jasmin Bahlo, Christiane Pott, Lone Bredo Pedersen, Larry Mansouri, Karin E. Smedby, Charles C. Chu, Véronique Giudicelli, Marie-Paule Lefranc, Panagiotis Panagiotidis, Gunnar Juliusson, Achilles Anagnostopoulos, Ioannis Vlahavas, Darko Antic, Livio Trentin, Marco Montillo, Carsten Niemann, Hartmut Döhner, Anton W. Langerak, Sarka Pospisilova, Michael Hallek, Elias Campo, Nicholas Chiorazzi, Nikos Maglaveras, David Oscier, Gianluca Gaidano, Diane F. Jelinek, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Ioanna Chouvarda, Nikos Darzentas, Chrysoula Belessi, Frederic Davi, Anastasia Hadzidimitriou, Richard Rosenquist, Paolo Ghia, Kostas Stamatopoulos
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2017)

Purpose: We sought to investigate whether B cell receptor immunoglobulin (BcR IG) stereotypy is associated with particular clinicobiological features among chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients expressing mutated BcR IG (M-CLL) encoded by the IGHV4-34 gene, and also ascertain whether these associations could refine prognostication.Experimental Design: In a series of 19,907 CLL cases with available immunogenetic information, we identified 339 IGHV4-34-expressing cases assigned to one of the four largest stereotyped M-CLL subsets, namely subsets #4, #16, #29 and #201, and investigated in detail their clinicobiological characteristics and disease outcomes.Results: We identified shared and subset-specific patterns of somatic hypermutation (SHM) among patients assigned to these subsets. The greatest similarity was observed between subsets #4 and #16, both including IgG-switched cases (IgG-CLL). In contrast, the least similarity was detected between subsets #16 and #201, the latter concerning IgM/D-expressing CLL. Significant differences between subsets also involved disease stage at diagnosis and the presence of specific genomic aberrations. IgG subsets #4 and #16 emerged as particularly indolent with a significantly (P < 0.05) longer time-to-first-treatment (TTFT; median TTFT: not yet reached) compared with the IgM/D subsets #29 and #201 (median TTFT: 11 and 12 years, respectively).Conclusions: Our findings support the notion that BcR IG stereotypy further refines prognostication in CLL, superseding the immunogenetic distinction based solely on SHM load. In addition, the observed distinct genetic aberration landscapes and clinical heterogeneity suggest that not all M-CLL cases are equal, prompting further research into the underlying biological background with the ultimate aim of tailored patient management. Clin Cancer Res; 23(17); 5292-301. ©2017 AACR.
Radiotherapy for Perianal Paget's Disease
Authors: Richard S D Brown, Margaret F Spittle
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1998)

ABSTRACT: The role of radiotherapy in the management of perianal Paget’s disease (PPD) is not well defined in clinical practice or within the medical literature. We present 6 cases, document the radiotherapy details and review our results. A comprehensive literature search has been undertaken attempting to identify all published cases of PPD and survey the number receiving radiotherapy. To further define the role for radiotherapy in PPD these cases have been reviewed. Published results are sporadic and often poorly documented with respect to technical radiotherapy details. Two main roles for radiotherapy in PPD were found. One is as primary treatment for in situ or invasive disease and the other is following surgical relapse of in-situ or invasive disease. Other possible uses of radiotherapy in PPD such as neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment or chemo-radiotherapy are discussed. Results of radiotherapy treatment for case of in situ and invasive disease are presented. We disagree with the view in some areas of the surgical literature that radiotherapy has no place in the management of the disease. Despite a thorough surveying of the literature however, precise recommendations on several areas of the technical radiotherapy treatment such as dose-fractionation schedules and field margins are difficult because of the small number of cases and poor general documentation. Our practice recommendations are presented. Radiotherapists should be encouraged to publish their experience in this disease to help define further a role for this treatment. Brown, R. S. D. et al. (2002). Clinical Oncology 14, 272–284. 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of The Royal College of Radiologists
Lobectomy, sublobar resection, and stereotactic radiation for early-stage non-small cell lung cancers in the elderly.
Authors: Shervin Mohajer Shirvani, Jing Jiang, Joe Y. Chang, James Welsh, Anna Likhacheva, Thomas A. Buchholz, Stephen Swisher, Benjamin D. Smith
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

7555 Background: Early-stage non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) among the elderly are expected to rise dramatically due to demographic trends and CT screening. However, no modern trials have compared the most commonly delivered treatments. Therefore, we determined clinical characteristics and outcomes associated with three definitive therapies for early-stage NSCLC in the elderly population. Methods: The SEER–Medicare database was used to compare the outcomes of 9,093 patients with early-stage, node-negative NSCLC who underwent treatment with lobectomy, sublobar resection, or stereotactic ablative radiation (SABR) between 2003 and 2009. Overall survival and lung-cancer specific survival were compared using Medicare claims through December 2012. Proportional hazards regression and propensity score matching (PSM) were used to adjust outcomes for key patient, tumor, and practice environment factors. Results: Median age was 75 years, and treatment distribution was as follows: Lobectomy (79.4%), sublobar resection (16.5%), and SABR (4.2%). Unadjusted 90-day mortality was highest for lobectomy (4.0%) followed by sublobar resection (3.7%, P=0.79) and SABR (1.3%, P=0.008). At three years, unadjusted mortality was lowest for lobectomy (25.0%), followed by sublobar resection (35.3%, P<0.001) and SABR (45.1%, P<0.001). Proportional hazards regression demonstrated that sublobar resection was associated with worse overall survival (Hazard ratio [HR] 1.32; 95%CI 1.20-1.44) and lung-cancer specific survival (HR 1.50; 95%CI 1.29-1.75) compared to lobectomy. PSM analysis reiterated these findings. In proportional hazards regression, SABR was associated with better overall survival than lobectomy in the first 6 months after diagnosis (HR 0.45; 95%CI 0.27-0.75), but worse survival thereafter (HR 1.66; 95%CI 1.39-1.99). PSM analysis of well-matched SABR and lobectomy cohorts demonstrated similar overall survival (HR 1.01; 95%CI 0.74-1.38). Conclusions: Lobectomy was associated with better outcomes than sublobar resection in elderly patients with early-stage NSCLC. PSM analysis suggests that SABR may be a good option for those with very advanced age and multiple comorbidities.
The pathogenesis of dermatomyositis
Authors: C. Thompson, V. Piguet, E. Choy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

This review looks at the many different factors thought to play a role in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), concentrating mainly on the dermatomyositis (DM) subtype. Subject areas addressed include looking at the different clinical features of IIM, paying particular attention to the skin manifestations. There is a discussion around investigations needed with their perceived value, followed by a description of the immunohistochemical findings of DM. This review goes on to address other attributing factors such as genetic associations with the different subtypes of IIM, and environmental factors including infections, ultraviolet radiation and vitamin D deficiency and drugs. Finally, the potential immunopathogenesis of DM is summarized, looking at T cells, B cells, autoantibodies, dendritic cells, cytokines and nonimmune-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Should our treatments be gender-specific? effect of gender on recovery from persistent post-concussion symptoms in children and adolescents participating in an active rehabilitation intervention
Authors: Isabelle Gagnon, Jérôme Gauvin-Lepage, Debbie Friedman, Lisa Grilli, Helen Kocilowicz
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To estimate the extent to which gender contributes to severity of post-concussion symptoms (PCS) in youth with concussion, who are slow to recover and who receive an active rehabilitation intervention as part of their standard care. Design A retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort Setting Concussion Clinic of a Paediatric Trauma Centre in Canada. Participants 355 youth with persistent PCS (188 girls; 167 boys). All Concussion patients’ information is entered prospectively in a clinical database and participants were selected for this study if they met the following criteria: 1) aged 6 to 17 years (mean=14.34, SD=2.22 years); 2) presenting with at least one PCS interfering with daily activities (mean total PCS score at initial assessment=24.50, SD=18.88), and 3) beginning an active rehabilitation intervention 4 weeks post injury (mean=30.46, SD=3.74 days). Outcome measures Severity of post-concussion symptoms, measured by the PCS scale included in the SCAT3, was the dependent variable. PCS were assessed 3 times over a 4-week follow-up period. Main results Boys presented with significantly less symptoms than girls 4 weeks post-injury, when starting the active rehabilitation intervention (PCSS total score mean; &amp;male;=19.9, &amp;female;=28.5, p&lt;0.001, CI [−14.8, −6.4]). They continued to do so 2 and 4 weeks later, but the rate of recovery was slightly faster for girls over the follow-up period. Conclusions Although there are gender differences in the levels of PCS 4-weeks post-injury, and while boys may recover earlier from persistent PCS, both boys and girls benefit from participating in an active rehabilitation intervention. Competing interests None.
Association of Adjuvant Chemotherapy With Survival in Patients With Stage II or III Gastric Cancer
Authors: Yuming Jiang, Tuanjie Li, Xiaoling Liang, Yanfeng Hu, Lei Huang, Zhenchen Liao, Liying Zhao, Zhen Han, Shuguang Zhu, Menglan Wang, Yangwei Xu, Xiaolong Qi, Hao Liu, Yang Yang, Jiang Yu, Wei Liu, Shirong Cai, Guoxin Li
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

The current staging system of gastric cancer is not adequate for defining a prognosis and predicting the patients most likely to benefit from chemotherapy.To construct a survival prediction model based on specific tumor and patient characteristics that enables individualized predictions of the net survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with stage II or stage III gastric cancer.In this multicenter retrospective analysis, a survival prediction model was constructed using data from a training cohort of 746 patients with stage II or stage III gastric cancer who satisfied the study's inclusion criteria and underwent surgery between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2012, at Nanfang Hospital in Guangzhou, China. Patient and tumor characteristics were included as covariates, and their association with overall survival and disease-free survival with and without adjuvant chemotherapy was assessed. The model was internally validated for discrimination and calibration using bootstrap resampling. To externally validate the model, data were included from a validation cohort of 973 patients with stage II or stage III gastric cancer who met the inclusion criteria and underwent surgery at First Affiliated Hospital in Guangzhou, China, and at West China Hospital of Sichuan Hospital in Chendu, China, between January 1, 2000, and June 30, 2009. Data were analyzed from July 10, 2016, to September 1, 2016.Concordance index and decision curve analysis for each measure associated with postoperative overall survival and disease-free survival.Of the 1719 patients analyzed, 1183 (68.8%) were men and 536 (31.2%) were women and the median (interquartile range) age was 57 (49-66) years. Age, location, differentiation, carcinoembryonic antigen, cancer antigen 19-9, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and adjuvant chemotherapy were significantly associated with overall survival and disease-free survival, with P < .05. The survival prediction model demonstrated good calibration and discrimination, with relatively high bootstrap-corrected concordance indexes in the training and validation cohorts. In the validation cohort, the concordance index for overall survival was 0.693 (95% CI, 0.671-0.715) and for disease-free survival was 0.704 (95% CI, 0.681-0.728). Two nomograms and a calculating tool were built on the basis of specific input variables to estimate an individual's net survival gain attributable to adjuvant chemotherapy.The survival prediction model can be used to make individualized predictions of the expected survival benefit from the addition of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with stage II or stage III gastric cancer.