tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17236: Computational Blood Flow Analysis of the Aortic Arch and the Neck Vessels: Total Arch Replacement vs Stent Graft With Neck Vessel Debranching
Authors: Tetsuya Horai, Tadashi Kitamura, Shinzo Torii, Koichi Sughimoto, Kensuke Kobayashi, Yusuke Irisawa, Hidenori Hayashi, Takuya Matsushiro, Yuta Tsuchida, Yurie Miyata, Kagami Miyaji
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  It is unclear how blood flow inside the aortic arch and neck vessels changed after arch reconstruction.   Hypothesis:  Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis could demonstrate blood flow details of arch vessels post total neck vessels debranching with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TD-TEVAR) and total arch replacement.   Methods:  We created 8 patient-specific aortic arch models from pre and post-operative computed tomographic images of 4 patients with arch aneurysm who underwent TD-TEVAR. Virtual total arch replacement simulation model was created from preoperative image of each clinical case using 3D CG software. CFD models with finite volume methods were created to simulate physiological pulsatile flow including peripheral reflection wave, characteristic impedance and autonomous regulation system. Flow stream patterns of 12 models were calculated to assess the difference of blood flow in the neck vessels. Blood flow energy loss of each model was calculated to estimate cardiac workload.   Results:  Average of calculated blood flow distribution of the innominate artery (IA), left carotid artery (CA), left subclavian artery (SCA), and descending artery of the native aortic arch, post TD-TEVAR and virtual total arch replacement model are shown in the table. With the stable cardiac output, the blood flow in each neck vessel was estimated to decrease after TD-TEVAR or virtual total arch replacement, compared with native aortic arch, by 24.5% and 15.9% in IA (p=0.21), 48.0% and minus 1.6% (increased) (p=0.002) in CA, and 35.3% and 5.6% (p=0.06) in SCA. Calculated flow energy loss of native aortic arch was 7.8 ± 4.0 mW, which was demonstrated to increase to 14.1 ± 2.6 mW with TD-TEVAR, and 11.9 ± 4.5 mW with virtual total arch replacement.   Conclusions:  Total arch replacement may be superior to TD-TEVAR with regard to neck vessels blood flow especially in CA. The arch shape of TD-TEVAR could require more cardiac workload than that of total arch replacement.
TCT-73 Off-pump Versus On-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Left Main Revascularization: Insights From the EXCEL trial
Authors: Umberto Benedetto, A. Pieter Kappetein, William Brown, Piet Willem Boonstra, Nicolas Noiseux, Ovidiu Dressler, Gregg Stone, Patrick Serruys, Joseph Sabik
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
TCT-773 Initial Experience of the Medtronic 34mm Evolut R Valve: The UK &amp; Ireland Implanters’ Registry
Authors: Cameron Dowling, Sami Firoozi, Niamh Doyle, Mark Spence, Ganesh Manoharan, Colum Owens, Mavin Kashyap, Tito Kabir, Vasileios Panoulas, Miles Dalby, Darren Mylotte, Antoinette Neylon, Niamh Martin, David Roberts, Ranjit More, Andrew Wiper, Hesham Abdelaziz, Ever Grech, Ian Hall, Melanie Neville, Rajiv Rampat, David Hildick-Smith, Michael Mullen, None Simon Kennon, Pavan Chandrala, Richard Anthony Anderson, Thirumaran Rajathurai, Luke Tapp, Lauren Deegan, Sagar Doshi, Jan Kovac, Kosmas Kontoprias, Stephen Brecker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Genetics of Sost/SOST in sclerosteosis and van Buchem disease animal models
Authors: Aimy Sebastian, Gabriela G. Loots
Journal: Metabolism (2017)

Sclerosteosis and van Buchem disease (VBD) are two rare autosomal recessive disorders that results from osteoblast hyperactivity, in which progressive bone overgrowth leads to very dense bones, distortion of the face, and entrapment of cranial nerves. Sclerosteosis is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the SOST gene which encodes a secreted glycoprotein, sclerostin. VBD is caused by a noncoding deletion that removes a SOST-specific regulatory element in bone. In bone, SOST is expressed predominantly by osteocytes and sclerostin suppresses bone formation by inhibiting the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Here we describe how human genetics studies in sclerosteosis and VBD patients, in combination with the generation of transgenic and knockout mice, has led to a better understanding of the role of sclerostin in bone metabolism.
Low-cost technique for resection of a large duodenal lipoma with the aid of a modified polypectomy snare
Authors: Viviana Parra, Javier Preciado, Margarita Huertas, Fanny Acero, Diego Aponte, Luis Sabbagh
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

A 63-year-old man presented to our hospital with chronic abdominal pain associated with intermittent periods of postprandial vomiting. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound confirmed the diagnosis of a lipoma in the second portion of the duodenum. Owing to the unavailability of a therapeutic gastroscope, a conventional polypectomy snare was modified ([Fig. 1]) in order to be used as a third hand that holds the lipoma, and works as an additional tool in parallel with the scope ([Video 1]).
Whole grain-rich diet reduces body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation without inducing major changes of the gut microbiome: a randomised cross-over trial
Authors: Henrik Munch Roager, Josef K Vogt, Mette Kristensen, Lea Benedicte S Hansen, Sabine Ibrügger, Rasmus B Mærkedahl, Martin Iain Bahl, Mads Vendelbo Lind, Rikke L Nielsen, Hanne Frøkiær, Rikke Juul Gøbel, Rikard Landberg, Alastair B Ross, Susanne Brix, Jesper Holck, Anne S Meyer, Morten H Sparholt, Anders F Christensen, Vera Carvalho, Bolette Hartmann, Jens Juul Holst, Jüri Johannes Rumessen, Allan Linneberg, Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén, Marlene D Dalgaard, Andreas Blennow, Henrik Lauritz Frandsen, Silas Villas-Bôas, Karsten Kristiansen, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, Claus T Ekstrøm, Christian Ritz, Henrik Bjørn Nielsen, Oluf Borbye Pedersen, Ramneek Gupta, Lotte Lauritzen, Tine Rask Licht
Journal: Gut (2017)

Objective To investigate whether a whole grain diet alters the gut microbiome and insulin sensitivity, as well as biomarkers of metabolic health and gut functionality. Design 60 Danish adults at risk of developing metabolic syndrome were included in a randomised cross-over trial with two 8-week dietary intervention periods comprising whole grain diet and refined grain diet, separated by a washout period of ≥6 weeks. The response to the interventions on the gut microbiome composition and insulin sensitivity as well on measures of glucose and lipid metabolism, gut functionality, inflammatory markers, anthropometry and urine metabolomics were assessed. Results 50 participants completed both periods with a whole grain intake of 179±50 g/day and 13±10 g/day in the whole grain and refined grain period, respectively. Compliance was confirmed by a difference in plasma alkylresorcinols (p&lt;0.0001). Compared with refined grain, whole grain did not significantly alter glucose homeostasis and did not induce major changes in the faecal microbiome. Also, breath hydrogen levels, plasma short-chain fatty acids, intestinal integrity and intestinal transit time were not affected. The whole grain diet did, however, compared with the refined grain diet, decrease body weight (p&lt;0.0001), serum inflammatory markers, interleukin (IL)-6 (p=0.009) and C-reactive protein (p=0.003). The reduction in body weight was consistent with a reduction in energy intake, and IL-6 reduction was associated with the amount of whole grain consumed, in particular with intake of rye. Conclusion Compared with refined grain diet, whole grain diet did not alter insulin sensitivity and gut microbiome but reduced body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation. Trial registration number NCT01731366 ; Results.
From disgust to contempt-speech: The nature of contempt on the map of prejudicial emotions
Authors: Michal Bilewicz, Olga Katarzyna Kamińska, Mikołaj Winiewski, Wiktor Soral
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Abstract Analyzing the contempt as an intergroup emotion, we suggest that contempt and anger are not built upon each other, whereas disgust seems to be the most elementary and specific basic-emotional antecedent of contempt. Concurring with Gervais &amp; Fessler, we suggest that many instances of “hate speech” are in fact instances of “contempt speech” – being based on disgust-driven contempt rather than hate.
Occupational Exposure to Vapor-Gas, Dust, and Fumes in a Cohort of Rural Adults in Iowa Compared with a Cohort of Urban Adults
Authors: Brent C. Doney, Paul K. Henneberger, Michael J. Humann, Xiaoming Liang, Kevin M. Kelly, Jean M. Cox-Ganser
Journal: MMWR Surveillance Summaries (2017)

Many rural residents work in the field of agriculture; however, employment in nonagricultural jobs also is common. Because previous studies in rural communities often have focused on agricultural workers, much less is known about the occupational exposures in other types of jobs in rural settings. Characterizing airborne occupational exposures that can contribute to respiratory diseases is important so that differences between rural and urban working populations can be assessed.1994-2011.This investigation used data from the baseline questionnaire completed by adult rural residents participating in the Keokuk County Rural Health Study (KCRHS). The distribution of jobs and occupational exposures to vapor-gas, dust, and fumes (VGDF) among all participants was analyzed and stratified by farming status (current, former, and never) then compared with a cohort of urban workers from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Occupational exposure in the last job was assessed with a job-exposure matrix (JEM) developed for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The COPD JEM assesses VGDF exposure at levels of none or low, medium, and high.The 1,699 KCRHS (rural) participants were more likely to have medium or high occupational VGDF exposure (43.2%) at their last job than their urban MESA counterparts (15.0% of 3,667 participants). One fifth (20.8%) of the rural participants currently farmed, 43.1% were former farmers, and approximately one third (36.1%) had never farmed. These three farming groups differed in VGDF exposure at the last job, with the prevalence of medium or high exposure at 80.2% for current farmers, 38.7% for former farmers, and 27.4% for never farmers, and all three percentages were higher than the 15.0% medium or high level of VGDF exposure for urban workers.Rural workers, including those who had never farmed, were more likely to experience occupational VGDF exposure than urban workers.The occupational exposures of rural adults assessed using the COPD JEM will be used to investigate their potential association with obstructive respiratory health problems (e.g., airflow limitation and chronic bronchitis). This assessment might highlight occupations in need of preventive interventions.
Ultrasensitive MRI detection of spontaneous pancreatic tumors with nanocage-based targeted contrast agent
Authors: Takahito Kawano, Masaharu Murata, Jeong-Hun Kang, Jing Shu Piao, Sayoko Narahara, Fuminori Hyodo, Nobuhito Hamano, Jie Guo, Susumu Oguri, Kenoki Ohuchida, Makoto Hashizume
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
Colorectal cancer survivors’ surveillance patterns and experiences of care: A SEER-CAHPS study.
Authors: Michelle A Mollica, Lindsey Enewold, Lisa M Lines, Michael T. Halpern, Jessica R. Schumacher, Ron D. Hays, James Todd Gibson, Nicola C. Schussler, Erin E. Kent
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

229 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer, generally treated with surgical resection, followed by complex surveillance for recurrence. We examined associations between experiences of care and adherence to surveillance Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with a history of CRC. Methods: Using linked data from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) cancer registry program, Medicare claims and the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) patient experience surveys (SEER-CAHPS), we identified survivors ages 65+, diagnosed with local/regional first primary colorectal cancer 1999-2009 who underwent surgical resection and completed CAHPS survey within 36 months of diagnosis. Adherence to guidelines for a three-year observation period was defined as receiving a colonoscopy; at least 2 carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) tests; and more than 2 office visits and 1 computer tomography (CT) imaging test each year. We dichotomized CAHPS ratings into 9 or 10 out of 10 versus 0-9 for analysis (higher ratings mean better quality). Results: Most of the 314 participants reported ratings of 9 or 10 for overall care (55%), personal doctor (59%), and health plan (60%). Slightly less than half (47%) gave their specialist doctor ratings of 9 or 10. Adherence to surveillance was 76% for office visits, 36.9% for CEA testing, 48.1% for colonoscopy, and 10.3% for CT Imaging. Sixty-two percent of the sample were categorized as adherent (receiving ≥ 2 surveillance guidelines). In multivariable models, adherence to office visits was positively associated with ratings of personal doctor (OR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.1, 3.5) and specialist doctor (OR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.4, 4.9), and overall adherence was associated with ratings of personal doctor (OR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.2, 3.6). Conclusions: Findings point to the important role of patient-provider relationships in adherence to CRC post-resection surveillance guidelines. As adherence to surveillance may increase survival among CRC survivors, further investigation is needed to identify specific components of this relationship, as well as other potential modifiable drivers of surveillance guidelines.
Genetic Analysis of Susceptibility to Induced Pulmonary Tumors in Mice
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1942)

Genetic Analysis of Susceptibility to Induced Pulmonary Tumors in Mice Get access W. E. Heston W. E. Heston geneticist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 3, Issue 1, August 1942, Pages 69–78, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/3.1.69 Published: 01 August 1942
Abstract #2411: Blockade of PD-L1 enhances antigen-specific CD8+ Tcell activation and delays tumor growth in mice bearing pancreatic tumor
Authors: Nasreen Vohra, Shari Pilon-Thomas, Amy Mackay, James Mulé
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Interaction between the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor on T cells and its ligand PD-L1 plays a crucial role in inhibiting T cell responses and maintaining peripheral tolerance. PD-L1 expression can lead to down-regulation of antigen-specific T cell responses in both viral infection and tumor settings. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of blocking PD-L1 signaling on the induction of anti-tumor immunity. PD-L1 is highly expressed on murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) and Panc02 pancreatic cancer cells. We first examined the effect of blocking PD-L1 expression on DC. DC were treated with anti-PD-L1 or normal rat (Nr)IgG antibody, pulsed with OVA SIINFEKL  peptide and co-cultured with OVA-specific CD8 +  T cells. Stimulation of OVA-specific CD8 +  T cells by DC treated with anti-PD-L1 antibody led to enhanced IFN-gamma production (6,470 pg/ml) compared to those stimulated with (Nr)IgG treated DC (2,535 pg/ml; p 51 chromium cytoxicity assay. Blocking PD-L1 expression on Panc02 cells increased target cell killing to 23±6% from a baseline of 9±2%. We next examined the effect of anti-PD-L1 antibody treatment on antigen specific CD8 +  T cell activation induced by in vivo vaccination with dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with OVA SIINFEKL  peptide. After 2 vaccinations at 7 day interval, draining lymph nodes (DLN) were collected and CD8 + OVA-tetramer +  T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. In the DLN of vaccinated mice treated with anti-PD-L1 88% of CD8 +  T cells were OVA-tetramer +  compared to 71% in the (Nr)IgG control group (p 2  vs 187mm 2  respectively, p 2  vs 159 mm 2 , p +  T cell activation and tumor growth inhibition in mice with pancreatic cancer. Studies to optimize combination therapy using anti-PD-L1 antibody and DC-based vaccines are ongoing.   Citation Information:  In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 2411.
Locum pay is up by 6% after tax change
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Locum doctors’ average hourly pay has risen by 6% after changes that forced doctors who work through limited companies to pay more tax.

Liaison, a company that manages staff payment systems, gathered data on the locum pay rates and agency commission rates paid by 68 NHS trusts between April and June 2017.1 The company found that the average hourly pay for locums increased by 6.3%, from £66.26 (€74.40; $87.40) in the last quarter (January to …
<i>HSD3B1</i> and Response to a Nonsteroidal CYP17A1 Inhibitor in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Nima Almassi, Chad Reichard, Jianbo Li, Carly Russell, Jaselle Perry, Charles J. Ryan, Terence Friedlander, Nima Sharifi
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

The HSD3B1 (1245C) germline variant encodes for a gain-of-function missense in 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 (3βHSD1) that results in increased dihydrotestosterone synthesis from extragonadal precursors and is predictive of more rapid progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).
Abstract 12522: Downregulation of Aryl-hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator (ARNT) Exacerbates Cardiac Insulin Resistance After High Fat Diet
Authors: Hsiang-Chun Chang, Tatsuya Sato, Rongxue Wu, Meng Shang, Chunlei Chen, Hossein Ardehali
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Altered cardiac insulin sensitivity, substrate utilization, and energetics have been reported in diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, the mechanism behind insulin resistance in the heart in diabetes remain poorly understood. Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) have been linked to cellular metabolism, and their deletion in the heart resulted in metabolic changes. We have previously demonstrated that cardiac-specific knockout of ARNT, the obligatory binding partner of HIFs, causes spontaneous cardiomyopathy bearing similarity to diabetic cardiomyopathy, and its levels are reduced in genetic- and diet-induced obesity models. Here, we hypothesize that downregulation of ARNT in vivo exacerbates cardiac insulin resistance after high fat diet (HFD). Results: Mice with cardiac-specific heterozygous deletion of ARNT (cs-ARNT +/- ) had normal cardiac function at baseline, and had comparable food intake and weight gain during HFD treatment. We then evaluated cardiac substrate utilization using an ex vivo heart perfusion system. When perfused with a buffer without insulin, hearts from wild type (WT) and cs-ARNT +/- mice displayed comparable substrate utilization both after normal chow and after HFD. Addition of insulin to the perfusion system led to comparable increase in glucose utilization in hearts from normal chow-fed WT and ARNT +/- mice. However, the increased glucose utilization in response to insulin was attenuated in hearts from WT mice after HFD, while hearts from cs-ARNT +/- after HFD demonstrated virtually no increase in glucose utilization in response to insulin. This difference was not due to cardiac function as the cardiac work (assessed by heart rate and developing pressure) is comparable among all groups. Using neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, we also demonstrated that ARNT knockdown decreased glucose uptake and AKT phosphorylation in response to insulin, consistent with a blunted insulin-signaling pathway. Conclusion: Cardiac-specific ARNT heterozygote deletion exacerbates insulin resistance in a diet-induced obesity model, and the reduction of ARNT levels in various mouse models of diabetes is likely be a maladaptive response. Therefore, increasing ARNT signaling can be a potential therapy for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
TCT-571 Different tissue morphology of in-stent restenosis in hemodialysis patient compared with non-hemodialysis patients: a prospective multicenter optical coherence tomography registry
Authors: Yoshinori Nagasawa, Hiromasa Otake, Tomofumi Takaya, Masaru Kuroda, Junya Shite, Masahito Kawata, Daisuke Matsumoto, Daisuke Kamoi, Ken-ichi Hirata
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
TCT-442 Navigating Infra-structure, Logistic, Financial, Cultural and Geographic Barriers in Constructing Nationwide STEMI Networks
Authors: Sameer Mehta, Roberto Botelho, Francisco Fernandez, None Marco Perin, Cesar Dusilek, Rodolfo Cardoso, Juan Carlos Perez Alva, Marco Alcocer-Gamba, Daniel Rodriguez, Isaac Yepes, Mario Torres
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
TCT-63 A Novel Patent Hemostasis Protocol - Prevention of Pseudoaneurysm after Transpedal Arterial Access for Evaluation and Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Apurva Patel, Roosha Parikh, Becky Naoulou, Rahul Gokhroo, Orkhan Guliyev, Joseph Puma, Tak Kwan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
TCT-307 Rapid Ventricular Pacing is Associated With Worse Outcomes After Trans-Catheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Paul Fefer, Scott Kohen, Amit Segev, Dan Elian, Elad Asher, Fernando Chernomordik, Yoni Grossman, Anat Berkovitch, Sagit Ben Zekry, Israel Barbash, Victor Guetta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
TCT-319 Comparative effectiveness and safety of five leading new-generation TAVI devices: early results from the RISPEVA Study
Authors: Arturo Giordano, Francesco Bedogni, Nicola Corcione, Paolo Ferraro, Stefano Messina, Gennaro Maresca, Luca Testa, Nedy Brambilla, Federico De Marco, Carlo Pierli, Giulio Stefanini, Giacomo Frati, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Expression of programmed death-1 (PD-1) in sentinel lymph nodes of breast cancer
Authors: Toru Mukohara, Takashi Tatara, Yohei Shimono, Takashi Yamasaki, Masanori Toyoda, Naomi Kiyota, Shintaro Takao, Seishi Kono, Yoshihiro Kakeji, Hironobu Minami
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Formación en Epidemiología de Campo: una perspectiva europea
Authors: F van Loock, Mike Rowland, T Grein, A Moren
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2001)

En la cada vez mas amplia Union Europea, los movimientos de personas, animales y productos alimentarios que se producen a gran escala se han convertido en un creciente potencial de propagacion de enfermedades transmisibles. La UE solo recibio la orden de adoptar medidas sanitarias en 1992, en el marco del Tratado de la Union Europea (Tratado de Maastricht), que posteriormente se amplio con el Tratado de Amsterdam, en 1997.