tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of Early Inhaled Nitric Oxide With the Survival of Preterm Neonates With Pulmonary Hypoplasia
Authors: Kevin R. Ellsworth, Marc A. Ellsworth, Amy L. Weaver, Kristin C. Mara, Reese H. Clark, William A. Carey
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Pulmonary hypoplasia affects a very small percentage of preterm neonates, but its presence is associated with high rates of mortality.To determine whether treatment with inhaled nitric oxide during the first week of life was associated with improved in-hospital survival in a cohort of extremely preterm neonates with pulmonary hypoplasia.This cohort study used data from the Pediatrix Medical Group's Clinical Data Warehouse, a data set containing information from more than 350 neonatal intensive care units in 35 US states and Puerto Rico. Since inhaled nitric oxide was not randomly prescribed, we used 1-to-1 propensity score matching to reduce the imbalance of measured covariates between the 2 treatment groups. The initial, unmatched cohort included singleton neonates who were born between 22 and 29 weeks' gestation, had a birth weight of 400 g or more, were diagnosed with pulmonary hypoplasia as a cause of their respiratory distress, remained free of major anomalies, and were discharged between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2014. We defined exposure as the initiation of inhaled nitric oxide on day t in days 0 to 7 of the life of a neonate. Each exposed neonate was matched 1-to-1 to a neonate who had not initiated inhaled nitric oxide on a given day.The primary outcome was mortality defined as death prior to transfer or discharge home. Secondary outcomes were any-stage necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity requiring treatment, chronic lung disease, and periventricular leukomalacia.Among 92 635 neonates in our study sample, we identified 767 (0.8%) with pulmonary hypoplasia who met all study inclusion criteria, of whom 185 (0.2%) were exposed to inhaled nitric oxide. Among 151 matched pairs of exposed and unexposed neonates, we did not identify a significant association between inhaled nitric oxide use and mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.79; 95% CI, 0.57-1.11). Subgroup analyses of neonates with and without persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) likewise revealed no significant association between inhaled nitric oxide use and mortality (pulmonary hypoplasia with PPHN: HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.45-1.01; pulmonary hypoplasia without PPHN: HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.61-2.02), but these findings may have been influenced by ascertainment bias.Early treatment with inhaled nitric oxide is not associated with improved survival among extremely preterm neonates with pulmonary hypoplasia. Clinical trials are warranted to clarify the matter.
Increasing trend for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) linked to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in the United States
Authors: E. Miller, L. Dakhoul, H.A. Sbeih, E. Mao, A. Delemos, P. Roche, A. Scanga, E.V. Gomez, S. Gawrieh, N. Chalasani, J. Wattacheril
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Long-term follow up of patients with chronic HCV and F2 or F3 fibrosis after achieving SVR with DAA-based therapy: results from the Gilead SVR registry
Authors: S. Zeuzem, M.B. Ferret, E. Gane, I. Jacobson, S.C. Gordon, M. Sulkowski, B. Mcnabb, F. Chen, H. Dvory-Sobol, A. Osinusi, D. Brainard, M. Subramanian, A. Ramji, K. Agarwal, R. Reddy, M. Bourliere
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Hemodynamic disturbances across different stages of decompensated cirrhosis and influencie on outcomes
Authors: M.G. Guix, E. Alvarado, A. Ardevol, R. Montañés, B. Cuyas, M. Poca, X. Torras, C. Guarner, C. Aracil, C. Villanueva
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Computed Tomography in a Patient With Blunt Trauma
Authors: Alison L. Halpern, Clay Cothren Burlew
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2018)

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Recent advances in the discovery and development of factor XI/XIa inhibitors
Authors: Rami A. Al‐Horani, Daniel K. Afosah
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2018)

Abstract Factor XIa (FXIa) is a serine protease homodimer that belongs to the intrinsic coagulation pathway. FXIa primarily catalyzes factor IX activation to factor IXa, which subsequently activates factor X to factor Xa in the common coagulation pathway. Growing evidence suggests that FXIa plays an important role in thrombosis with a relatively limited contribution to hemostasis. Therefore, inhibitors targeting factor XI (FXI)/FXIa system have emerged as a paradigm‐shifting strategy so as to develop a new generation of anticoagulants to effectively prevent and/or treat thromboembolic diseases without the life‐threatening risk of internal bleeding. Several inhibitors of FXI/FXIa proteins have been discovered or designed over the last decade including polypeptides, active site peptidomimetic inhibitors, allosteric inhibitors, antibodies, and aptamers. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), which ultimately reduce the hepatic biosynthesis of FXI, have also been introduced. A phase II study, which included patients undergoing elective primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty, revealed that a specific FXI ASO effectively protects patients against venous thrombosis with a relatively limited risk of bleeding. Initial findings have also demonstrated the potential of FXI/FXIa inhibitors in sepsis, listeriosis, and arterial hypertension. This review highlights various chemical, biochemical, and pharmacological aspects of FXI/FXIa inhibitors with the goal of advancing their development toward clinical use.
Risk factors for patellofemoral pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bradley S Neal, Simon D Lack, Nienke E Lankhorst, Andrew Raye, Dylan Morrissey, Marienke van Middelkoop
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a prevalent condition commencing at various points throughout life. We aimed to provide an evidence synthesis concerning predictive variables for PFP, to aid development of preventative interventions.We searched Medline, Web of Science and SCOPUS until February 2017 for prospective studies investigating at least one potential risk factor for future PFP. Two independent reviewers appraised methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We conducted meta-analysis where appropriate, with standardised mean differences (SMD) and risk ratios calculated for continuous and nominal scaled data.This review included 18 studies involving 4818 participants, of whom 483 developed PFP (heterogeneous incidence 10%). Three distinct subgroups (military recruits, adolescents and recreational runners) were identified. Strong to moderate evidence indicated that age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat and Q angle were not risk factors for future PFP. Moderate evidence indicated that quadriceps weakness was a risk factor for future PFP in the military, especially when normalised by BMI (SMD -0.69, CI -1.02, -0.35). Moderate evidence indicated that hip weakness was not a risk factor for future PFP (multiple pooled SMDs, range -0.09 to -0.20), but in adolescents, moderate evidence indicated that increased hip abduction strength was a risk factor for future PFP (SMD 0.71, CI 0.39, 1.04).This review identified multiple variables that did not predict future PFP, but quadriceps weakness in military recruits and higher hip strength in adolescents were risk factors for PFP. Identifying modifiable risk factors is an urgent priority to improve prevention and treatment outcomes.
Abstract 14275: The Impact of Continuous and Interval Aerobic Exercise on Endothelium, Arterial Wall Properties and Inflammatory Status
Authors: Dimitrios Athanasiou, Gerasimos Siasos, Gerasimos Terzis, Aggeliki Stasinaki, Evangelos Oikonomou, Efstathios Dimitropoulos, Stamatis Tsouroulas, Nikolaos Gouliopoulos, Eleni Kokkou, Konstantinos Zisimos, Panagiotis Tourikis, Nikolaos Papageorgiou, Konstantinos Spengos, Dimitris Tousoulis
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Chronic aerobic exercise training is associated with favorable long term cardiovascular effects. Hypothesis: We investigated the acute effects of continuous moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (CAE) and high intensity interval aerobic exercise (hIAE) on endothelial function, arterial stiffness and inflammatory status in healthy subjects. Methods: Twenty healthy men (mean aged 22.6±3.3yr) were recruited in this cross-over study. They participated in two exercise sessions: a) CAE: volume at 50% of maximum aerobic work on a cycle ergometer for 30 min and b) hIAE: interval maximum aerobic work on a cycle ergometer for 30 min. Endothelial function was evaluated by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in the brachial artery. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and femoral-dorsalis pedis PWV (fdPWV) were measured as indices of central aortic and peripheral arterial stiffness. Intereleukin (IL)-17 levels were measured with ELISA. Measurements were carried out before and immediately after each exercise session. Results: There was no significant differences in baseline measurements before CAE and hIAE, regarding FMD, cfPWV and fdPWV and IL-17 levels (p=NS for all). Both CAE (8.57±2.55% vs. 6.37±1.48% p&lt;0.001) and hIAE (8.48±2.60% vs. 5.95±1.78% p&lt;0.001) significantly improved FMD, compared to baseline. The magnitude of FMD improvement was not different between CAE and hIAE (p=NS). Moreover, compared to baseline measurements, CAE (9.27±1.11m/sec vs. 8.17±1.48m/sec, p=0.003) and hIAE (9.14±1.07m/sec vs. 8.26±0.8m/sec, p&lt;0.001) improved fdPWV. Though, CAE and hIAE had no impact in cfPWV, compared to baseline measurements (p=NS for both). Finally, there was no significant difference in IL-17 levels after CAE [11(9-17) pg/ml vs. 16(12-22)pg/ml, p=0.23] and hIAE [12(9-17)pg/ml vs. 14(9-15)pg/ml, p=0.61], compared to baseline measurements. Conclusions: Both CAE and hIAE can favorably affect to a similar extent endothelial function suggesting another cardioprotective effect of exercise on atherosclerosis progression. Though, these types of aerobic exercise have a different impact on central and peripheral arterial stiffness. Whether both types of exercise exert similar long-term effects merits further investigation.
Abstract 15991: Lipoprotein-associated Phospholipase A2 Levels Are Associated With Vascular Function in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Gerasimos Siasos, Evangelos Oikonomou, Marina Zaromitidou, Kostas Mourouzis, Antigoni Miliou, Georgios Georgiopoulos, Alexis Antonopoulos, Georgios Angelos Papamikroulis, Georgia Vogiatzi, Sotirios Tsalamandris, Manolis Vavuranakis, Dimitris Tousoulis
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Lipoprotein-associated Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), has a powerful inflammatory and atherogenic action in the vascular wall and is an independent marker of poor prognosis in coronary artery disease (CAD). Endothelial function and arterial stiffness are key players in the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic disease and measurement of endothelial function and arterial stiffness are well validated as a strong prognostic markers.   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized that levels of Lp-PLA2 are associated with endothelial function and arterial stiffness in patients with stable CAD.   Methods:  We enrolled 330 consecutive patients with stable CAD. Endothelial function was evaluated by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in the brachial artery. Augmentation index (AIx) of the central aortic pressure was estimated non-invasively as a measure of arterial stiffness. Serum levels of Lp-PLA2 were measured with ELISA. Several demographic and clinical characteristics were also collected.   Results:  The mean age of the participants was 62±11 years and 60% were males. In the study population the median values of Lp-PLA2 levels with 1st and 3rd quartile was 123 (92-151)μg/L. There was no difference between subjects with Lp-PLA2 levels above and below 123μg/L (median value) in age(62±11 years vs. 63±10 years, p=0.27), male gender (63% vs 58%, p=0.23), smoking habits (25% vs. 22%, p=0.51), body mass index (28.36±3.50Kgr/m2 vs. 29.72±2.49Kgr/m2, p=0.43), creatinine levels (0.96±0.22 mg/dl vs. 1.05±0.76mg/dl, p=0.20) and in the presence of hypertension (83% vs. 79%, p=0.44). Importantly, subjects with Lp-PLA2 levels above 123μg/L compare to subjects with lower values of Lp-PLA2 had significantly impaired values of FMD (4.61±2.22% vs. 5.11±2.47%, p=0.04) and AIx (24.89±8.97% vs. 22.71±9.36%, p=0.03).   Conclusions:  Elevated Lp-PLA2 concentration is related with endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness in patients with stable CAD. These findings highlight the significant role of Lp-PlA2 in the progression of atherosclerosis and the potential need to further investigate if pharmaceutical reduction of Lp-PLA2 levels would improve vascular markers of atherosclerosis and thus, would beneficially affect prognosis in patients with CAD.
U‐Shaped Association Between Serum Uric Acid Level and Risk of Mortality
Authors: Sung Kweon Cho, Yoosoo Chang, Inah Kim, Seungho Ryu
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2018)

Objective In addition to the controversy regarding the association of hyperuricemia with cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) mortality, few studies have examined the impact of a low uric acid level on mortality. We undertook the present study to evaluate the relationship between both low and high uric acid levels and the risk of all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality in a large sample of Korean adults over a full range of uric acid levels. Methods A cohort study was performed in 375,163 South Korean men and women who underwent health check‐ups from 2002 to 2012. Vital status and cause of death were ascertained from the national death records. Hazard ratios ( HR s) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI s) for mortality outcomes were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results During a total of 2,060,721.9 person‐years of follow‐up, 2,020 participants died, with 287 CVD deaths and 963 cancer deaths. Low and high uric acid levels were associated with increased all‐cause, CVD , and cancer mortality. The multivariable‐adjusted HR s for all‐cause mortality in the lowest uric acid categories (&lt;3.5 mg/dl for men and &lt;2.5 mg/dl for women) compared with the sex‐specific reference category were 1.58 (95% CI 1.18–2.10) and 1.80 (95% CI 1.10–2.93), respectively. Corresponding HR s in the highest uric acid categories (≥9.5 mg/dl for men and ≥8.5 mg/dl for women) were 2.39 (95% CI 1.57–3.66) and 3.77 (95% CI 1.17–12.17), respectively. Conclusion In this large cohort study of men and women, both low and high uric acid levels were predictive of increased mortality, supporting a U‐shaped association between serum uric acid levels and adverse health outcomes.
Clinical correlates of the genetic variability of the CD274 gene (Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1) among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: F. Daffara, L. Salmi, M.N. Barbaglia, V. Mulas, D. Camatta, M.T. Minh, M.E. Burlone, R. Minisini, M. Pirisi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Metabolic Features of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFL) in Obese Adolescents: Findings From a Multiethnic Cohort
Authors: Domenico Tricò, Sonia Caprio, Giuseppina Rosaria Umano, Bridget Pierpont, Jessica Nouws, Alfonso Galderisi, Grace Kim, Mariana M. Mata, Nicola Santoro
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

We conducted a prospective study in a large, multiethnic cohort of obese adolescents to characterize clinical and genetic features associated with pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), the most common cause of chronic liver disease in youth. A total of 503 obese adolescents were enrolled, including 191 (38.0%) whites, 134 (26.6%) blacks, and 178 (35.4%) Hispanics. Participants underwent abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to quantify hepatic fat fraction (HFF), an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to assess glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and the genotyping of three single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (patatin‐like phospholipase domain‐containing protein 3 [ PNPLA3 ] rs738409, glucokinase regulatory protein [ GCKR ] rs1260326, and transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 [ TM6SF2 ] rs58542926). Assessments were repeated in 133 subjects after a 2‐year follow‐up. Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) was 41.6% (209 patients) and ranged widely among ethnicities, being 42.9% in whites, 15.7% in blacks, and 59.6% in Hispanics ( P &lt; 0.0001). Among adolescents with NAFL, blacks showed the highest prevalence of altered glucose homeostasis (66%; P = 0.0003). Risk factors for NAFL incidence were white or Hispanic ethnicity ( P = 0.021), high fasting C‐peptide levels ( P = 0.0006), and weight gain ( P = 0.0006), whereas baseline HFF ( P = 0.004) and weight loss ( P = 0.032) predicted resolution of NAFL at follow‐up. Adding either gene variant to these variables improved significantly the model predictive performance. Conclusion: Black obese adolescents are relatively protected from liver steatosis, but are more susceptible to the deleterious effects of NAFL on glucose metabolism. The combination of ethnicity/race with markers of insulin resistance and genetic factors might help identify obese youth at risk for developing NAFL.
Newly Diagnosed Primary Gum Lymphoma on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Jianhua Zhang, Yan Fan, Meng Liu, Qian Li, Rongfu Wang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

An 81-year-old woman presented a 2-month history of left upper gum swelling. Biopsy of the lesion revealed the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. F-FDG PET/CT scan showed the abnormal high uptake at the left upper gum.
Relationship between serum antibody profiles against Helicobacter pylori and gastroduodenal disease outcome
Authors: Tajana Filipec-Kanižaj, Miroslava Katičić, Vladimir Presecki, Marija Prskalo, Mirjana Tićak, Šabarić, Branka, Naumovski-Mihalic, Slavica, Vesna Čolić-Cvrlje, Bruno Škurla
Journal: Gut (2006)
Comparing the prevention gains of different treatment strategies at the global, regional, and country level: a modelling study
Authors: A. Trickey, H. Fraser, A.G. Lim, J. Walker, A. Peacock, S. Colledge, J. Leung, J. Grebely, S. Larney, L. Degenhardt, M. Hickman, M. May, P. Vickerman
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Pharmacological inhibition of the medium chain fatty acid receptor GPR84 reduces myeloid cell in filtration into injured liver and ameliorates steatohepatitis and fibrosis
Authors: T. Puengel, S. De Vos, O. Krenkel, P. Pujuguet, M. Auberval, F. Marsais, K.F. Shoji, L. Saniere, C. Trautwein, R. Brys, F. Tacke
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Engineered hybrid spider silk particles as delivery system for peptide vaccines
Authors: Matthias Lucke, Inès Mottas, Tina Herbst, Christian Hotz, Lin Römer, Martina Schierling, Heike M. Herold, Ute Slotta, Thibaud Spinetti, Thomas Scheibel, Gerhard Winter, Carole Bourquin, Julia Engert
Journal: Biomaterials (2018)
Metformin Therapy for Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction versus Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Dmitry A. Goncharov, Elena A. Goncharova, Stevan P. Tofovic, Jian Hu, Jeff J. Baust, Andressa Z. Pena, Arnab Ray, Analise Rode, Rebecca R. Vanderpool, Ana L. Mora, Mark T. Gladwin, Yen-Chun Lai
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2018)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH; World HealthOrganization group 1) is a disease of the small pulmonary arteries, characterized by vasoconstriction, vascular proliferation, and remodeling.Although at present there are 14 drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of PAH available on the U.S. market, the morbidity and mortality of PAH remain high.Pulmonary hypertension associated with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (PH-HFpEF) (also referred to as combined pre-and postcapillary PH or CpcPH; World Health Organization group 2) is known to occur secondary to the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and is recognized as a clinical complication of the metabolic syndrome (1).At present, there are no approved therapies for PH-HFpEF.We have recently reported that metformin, the first-line antidiabetic drug and the canonical AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, exhibits therapeutic efficacy in the early treatment of PH-HFpEF in preclinical rat models (2).Because PH-HFpEF shares many pathophysiological characteristics with PAH, and many patients with PAH exhibit signs of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in the absence of obesity and diabetes (3, 4), we evaluated metformin in the treatment of group 1 PH.Although metformin has been found to prevent the development of PAH in hypoxia and monocrotaline rat models (5) and reverse PAH in SU5416/hypoxia (SuHx) rats (6), and is currently in a phase 2 clinical trial for the treatment of PAH (NCT01352026), our data showed that metformin treatment failed to reverse pulmonary pressures and vascular remodeling in mice with SuHx-induced PAH (Figure 1).In this experimental model, 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were injected subcutaneously with SU5416 (20 mg/kg) or vehicle buffer once per week during the first 3-week exposure to hypoxia (10% oxygen).Metformin (100 mg/kg) was given in drinking water and continued for 2-week exposure to hypoxia (Figure 1A).We observed no changes in right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) in metformin-This work was supported by NIH grants 2R01HL098032, 1R01HL125886-01, and P01HL103455 (M.T.
Characteristics and retreatment of HCV DAA failure patients: Real-life experience
Authors: I. Ruiz, S. Fourati, A. Varaut, S. Giovanna, M. François, M. Wlassow, L. Poiteau, F. Donati, A. Soulier, C. Stephane, A. Mallat, J.-M. Pawlotsky, C. Hezode
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Effect of exercise on gut microbiota and metabolic status modulation in an in vivo model of early obesity and NAFLD
Authors: S. Carbajo-Pescador, D. Porras, S. Martínez-Flórez, M.-V. García-Mediavilla, M.J. Cuevas, J.L. Mauriz, E. Nistal, J. González-Gállego, S. Sánchez-Campos
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Inferring the migration routes of hepatitis C virus subtype 1a lineages identifies a need for pan-European prevention strategies
Authors: L. Cuypers, B. Vrancken, L. Fabeni, V.C. Di Maio, V. Cento, G. Baele, M. Parczewski, V. Chulanov, P. Gomes, A. Beloukas, A.M. Geretti, J. Dietz, C. Sarrazin, M. Neary, C. Degascun, S. Sierra, R. Kaiser, A.B.P. Jimenez, F.G. Garcia, M. Zazzi, A.-M. Vandamme, F.C. Silberstein
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Synthetic Cells: Synthetic Cells Synthesize Therapeutic Proteins inside Tumors (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 9/2018)
Authors: Nitzan Krinsky, Maya Kaduri, Assaf Zinger, Janna Shainsky‐Roitman, Mor Goldfeder, Itai Benhar, Dov Hershkovitz, Avi Schroeder
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)