tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 256: Cerebral Oximetry and End Tidal CO2 as Predictors of Futility During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Craig Thomas, Thomas Engel, Brian Reed, Patrick Medado, Scott Millis, Brian O’Neil
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: There is currently no validated predictor of futility, defined as the inability to obtain ROSC, (IOR), and therefore no specific guidelines for cessation of resuscitation. Previous literature suggests that ETCO2 values of ?10 are predictive of IOR. Cerebral Oximetry (CerOx) uses near infrared light to non-invasively measure regional O2 saturation in the frontal lobes of the brain. CerOx has been shown in pilot studies to identify ROSC in 85% of arrests. Objective: The study’s objective was to compare ETCO2 and CerOx measurements during CPR to predict futility. Methods: We prospectively enrolled a convenience sample of subjects suffering from OHCA and ED cardiac arrest. Data was analyzed utilizing linear regression with Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves on the max and last readings of both ETCO2 and CerOx during CPR. Results: We analyzed 169 events with 48 (28%) obtaining ROSC. The average age was 64.5 ± 15.6. The average downtime was 24.6 ± 15.0 minutes, 113 (66.7%) of the events were witnessed, and 95 (56%) of the events had bystander CPR. The initial rhythms were asystole in 48%, PEA 35%, and V-Fib/V-Tach in 17% of cases. ROC curve analysis was used to determine the best discriminating variable in predicting IOR. Area under the curve (AUC) for the last value [CerOx AUC=.856, ETCO2 AUC= .761] and max value [CerOx, AUC=.802, ETCO2 AUC=.630] obtained prior to death showed CerOx to be a better predictor or IOR than ETCO2. All subjects who failed to obtain a max ETCO2 value of 15 had IOR, while five subjects with a max CerOx of 15 had ROSC. Sensitivity/Specificity for select values in Table 1. Conclusion: The max and last CerOx value was overall a better predictor of futility than the max and last value of ETCO2. However at lower ranges ETCO2 proved to be more specific than CerOx.
Sorveglianza internazionale della resistenza antimicrobica in Europa: adesso abbiamo bisogno di monitorare anche l'uso degli antibiotici
Authors: S L A M Bronzwaer, U Buchholz, J. L. Kool
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2001)

Con l'aumento dei viaggi e degli scambi commerciali nell'Unione Europea (UE) negli anni, cresce anche il rischio della diffusione di patogeni (resistenti). Molti studi hanno mostrato che la resistenza antimicrobica sta diventando un problema sempre piu grave. Per esempio, lo Staphylococcus aureus meticillino-resistente (MRSA) che era un problema essenzialmente ospedaliero, ora riguarda sempre piu le infezioni acquisite nella comunita. Si e dimostrato che alcuni ceppi si diffondono da un paese europeo all'altro (1). La resistenza antimicrobica puo comportare una prolungata degenza ospedaliera, maggiori costi, una piu alta morbosita o persino mortalita (2).
Abstract 16976: From Clinical Trial to Clinical Setting: What are the Observed Prescribing Behaviors in the United States Since the Launch of PCSK9 Inhibitors?
Authors: Dean Karalis, Susan Boklage, Joseph Elassal, Ameen Ghannam, Rishab Gupta, Usha Mallya
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Recently, the FDA approved two proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i), alirocumab and evolocumab, for the treatment of clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and/or familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) for patients (pts) who need additional LDL-C lowering (PCSK9i eligible pt). Among the PCSK9i eligible pts, little is known about the prescribing patterns of those receiving vs not receiving these innovative therapies. This study sought to determine differences in characteristics among eligible pts who received a PCSK9i prescription (Rx) versus those who did not.   Methods:  The study included adults from Accenture’s Predictive Health Intelligence Environment electronic medical record (EMR) system who had any evidence of ASCVD or FH, with at least one LDL-C lab value >70mg/dL, and a rx for lipid modifying treatment (LMT) from Aug 1, 2013 through July 26, 2015. Pts with at least 1 encounter in the EMR post-index were then stratified from July 27, 2015 (index) through May 18, 2016 based upon evidence of a PCSK9i Rx. Patient demographic and clinical and treatment characteristics were evaluated descriptively.   Results:  There were 272,845 identified PCSK9i eligible pts (see table) of which 605 pts received a PCSK9i rx (0.2% ASCVD; 0.5% FH of eligible pts). Mean baseline LDL-C values for PCSK9i pts were significantly higher at 144 mg/dL versus 103.7mg/dL for the remaining eligible pts, and 53% versus 19% had baseline LDL-C above 130 mg/dL, respectively. PCSK9i pts were significantly more likely to be on ezetimibe, alone or in combination, during baseline (26% versus 7.2%; p   Conclusions:  Few eligible high risk patients are receiving a PCSK9i rx, and there remains a population of high risk patients that could benefit from additional LDL-C lowering with PCSK9i.
TCT-184 Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in the setting of advanced malignancy: 1 year clinical results from a single center experience
Authors: Marco Russo, Shingo Kuwata, Alberto Pozzoli, Fabian Nietlispach, Alberto Weber, Stefano Benussi, Maurizio Taramasso, Francesco Maisano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Barrier to autointegration factor 1, procollagen‐lysine, 2‐oxoglutarate 5‐dioxygenase 3, and splicing factor 3b subunit 4 as early‐stage cancer decision markers and drivers of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Qingyu Shen, Jung Woo Eun, Kyungbun Lee, Hyung Seok Kim, Hee Doo Yang, Sang Yean Kim, Eun Kyung Lee, Taemook Kim, Keunsoo Kang, Seongchan Kim, Dal‐Hee Min, Soon‐Nam Oh, Young‐Joon Lee, Hyuk Moon, Simon Weonsang Ro, Won Sang Park, Jung Young Lee, Suk Woo Nam
Journal: Hepatology (2017)

An accurate tool enabling early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is clinically important, given that early detection of HCC markedly improves survival. We aimed to investigate the molecular markers underlying early progression of HCC that can be detected in precancerous lesions. We designed a gene selection strategy to identify potential driver genes by integrative analysis of transcriptome and clinicopathological data of human multistage HCC tissues, including precancerous lesions, low‐ and high‐grade dysplastic nodules. The gene selection process was guided by detecting the selected molecules in both HCC and precancerous lesion. Using various computational approaches, we selected 10 gene elements as a candidate and, through immunohistochemical staining, showed that barrier to autointegration factor 1 (BANF1), procollagen‐lysine, 2‐oxoglutarate 5‐dioxygenase 3 (PLOD3), and splicing factor 3b subunit 4 (SF3B4) are HCC decision markers with superior capability to diagnose early‐stage HCC in a large cohort of HCC patients, as compared to the currently popular trio of HCC diagnostic markers: glypican 3, glutamine synthetase, and heat‐shock protein 70. Targeted inactivation of BANF1, PLOD3, and SF3B4 inhibits in vitro and in vivo liver tumorigenesis by selectively modulating epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and cell‐cycle proteins. Treatment of nanoparticles containing small‐interfering RNAs of the three genes suppressed liver tumor incidence as well as tumor growth rates in a spontaneous mouse HCC model. We also demonstrated that SF3B4 overexpression triggers SF3b complex to splice tumor suppressor KLF4 transcript to nonfunctional skipped exon transcripts. This contributes to malignant transformation and growth of hepatocyte through transcriptional inactivation of p27Kip1 and simultaneously activation of Slug genes. Conclusion: The findings suggest molecular markers of BANF1, PLOD3, and SF3B4 indicating early‐stage HCC in precancerous lesion, and also suggest drivers for understanding the development of hepatocarcinogenesis. (Hepatology 2018;67:1360‐1377).
Lorlatinib in non-small-cell lung cancer with ALK or ROS1 rearrangement: an international, multicentre, open-label, single-arm first-in-man phase 1 trial
Authors: Alice T Shaw, Enriqueta Felip, Todd M Bauer, Benjamin Besse, Alejandro Navarro, Sophie Postel-Vinay, Justin F Gainor, Melissa Johnson, Jorg Dietrich, Leonard P James, Jill S Clancy, Joseph Chen, Jean-François Martini, Antonello Abbattista, Benjamin J Solomon
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2017)
Association of Blood Transfusion From Female Donors With and Without a History of Pregnancy With Mortality Among Male and Female Transfusion Recipients
Authors: Camila Caram-Deelder, Aukje L. Kreuger, Dorothea Evers, Karen M. K. de Vooght, Daan van de Kerkhof, Otto Visser, Nathalie C. V. Péquériaux, Francisca Hudig, Jaap Jan Zwaginga, Johanna G. van der Bom, Rutger A. Middelburg
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Transfusion of red blood cells from female donors has been associated with increased mortality in male recipients.To quantify the association between red blood cell transfusion from female donors with and without a history of pregnancy and mortality of red blood cell recipients.Retrospective cohort study of first-time transfusion recipients at 6 major Dutch hospitals enrolled from May 30, 2005, to September 1, 2015; the final follow-up date was September 1, 2015. The primary analysis was the no-donor-mixture cohort (ie, either all red blood cell transfusions exclusively from male donors, or all exclusively from female donors without a history of pregnancy, or all exclusively from female donors with a history of pregnancy). The association between mortality and exposure to transfusions from ever-pregnant or never-pregnant female donors was analyzed using life tables and time-varying Cox proportional hazards models.Red blood cell transfusions from ever-pregnant or never-pregnant female donors, compared with red blood cell transfusions from male donors.All-cause mortality during follow-up.The cohort for the primary analyses consisted of 31 118 patients (median age, 65 [interquartile range, 42-77] years; 52% female) who received 59 320 red blood cell transfusions exclusively from 1 of 3 types of donors (88% male; 6% ever-pregnant female; and 6% never-pregnant female). The number of deaths in this cohort was 3969 (13% mortality). For male recipients of red blood cell transfusions, all-cause mortality rates after a red blood cell transfusion from an ever-pregnant female donor vs male donor were 101 vs 80 deaths per 1000 person-years (time-dependent "per transfusion" hazard ratio [HR] for death, 1.13 [95% CI, 1.01-1.26]). For receipt of transfusion from a never-pregnant female donor vs male donor, mortality rates were 78 vs 80 deaths per 1000 person-years (HR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.81-1.06]). Among female recipients of red blood cell transfusions, mortality rates for an ever-pregnant female donor vs male donor were 74 vs 62 per 1000 person-years (HR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.87 to 1.13]); for a never-pregnant female donor vs male donor, mortality rates were 74 vs 62 per 1000 person-years (HR, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.88-1.15]).Among patients who received red blood cell transfusions, receipt of a transfusion from an ever-pregnant female donor, compared with a male donor, was associated with increased all-cause mortality among male recipients but not among female recipients. Transfusions from never-pregnant female donors were not associated with increased mortality among male or female recipients. Further research is needed to replicate these findings, determine their clinical significance, and identify the underlying mechanism.
Patient centred diagnosis: sharing diagnostic decisions with patients in clinical practice
Authors: Zackary D Berger, Juan P Brito, Naykky Singh Ospina, Suraj Kannan, Jeremiah S Hinson, Erik P Hess, Helen Haskell, Victor M Montori, David E Newman-Toker
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Shared decision making for diagnostic decisions is understudied and differs from treatment decision making. <b>Zackary D Berger and colleagues</b> discuss how uncertainty and stakes should shape the conversation
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with Hypericum perforatum L extract induced significant in vitro cytotoxicity of human bladder cancer cells
Authors: Unyime O. Nseyo, Albert H. Kim, Unwanaobong U. Nseyo, Nicholas E. Stavropoulos, Dimitris Skalkos
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

4321  Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a modality for the treatment of cancer involving excitation of photosensitizers with harmless visible light producing reactive oxygen species. The major biological effects of PDT are apoptosis of tumor cells, destruction of the blood supply and activation of the immune system. The objective of this study is to compare in an animal model of metastatic cancer, PDT alone and PDT combined with low-dose cyclophosphamide (CY). Since the tumor we used is highly metastatic it is necessary to generate anti-tumor immunity using PDT to effect total cures and this immunity may be potentiated by cyclophosphamide (CY). In our model we used J774 cells (a Balb/c reticulum cell sarcoma line with the characteristics of macrophages). One million cells were injected subcutaneously in the leg of Balb/c mice. Mice had primary tumors surgically removed at different time points after tumor cell injection, and all mice died of distant metastases even when surgery was as early as 24 hours post-injection. We used the following PDT regimens: benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A (BPD, 2mg/kg injected IV followed after 15 min by 150 J/cm2 of 690-nm light) and Photofrin (PF, 10 mg/kg injected IV followed after 24 hours by 150 J/cm2 635-nm light). CY (50 mg/kg IP was injected 48 hours before light delivery. In addition to following mice for tumor response and survival we studied the induction of tumor specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity through a non-radioactive cytotoxicity assay and quantification of suppressor T cells as one of the possible mechanisms of action for CY. BPD-PDT led to complete regression of the primary tumor in more than half the mice but no permanent cures were obtained. BPD-PDT in combination with CY led to 65% permanent cures but was associated with more treatment related deaths. PF-PDT alone did not lead to regression of primary tumors, while PF-PDT in combination with CY gave mainly regression of primary tumors followed by local recurrence around day 45. Permanent cures were obtained in 18% of mice. CY alone gave no permanent cures. We conclude that BPD-PDT in combination with CY gives best overall results and that this is attributable to immune system activation in addition to PDT-mediated destruction of the tumor.
Epidemiología de las enfermedades meningocócicas invasivas en Francia en 2003
Authors: A Perrocheau, M K Taha, D Lévy-Bruhl
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

La vigilancia nacional de las enfermedades meningococicas invasivas (IIM) en Francia se basa en un sistema de declaracion obligatoria. En Julio de 2002 se amplio la definicion de caso para incluir los casos clinicos sin confirmacion microbiologica. El sistema de deteccion de alertas IIM fue reforzado en 2003 por medio de un sistema de declaracion diaria y un analisis semanal por distrito, serogrupo y edad. La evaluacion regular de la exhaustividad de la vigilancia, mediante el metodo de captura-recaptura, permite corregir la incidencia teniendo en cuenta la subdeclaracion. En 2003 se notificaron 803 casos. Tras la correccion de la subdeclaracion se estimo la incidencia en 1,78/100.000. Tras excluir los casos clinicos declarados segun los nuevos criterios, el aumento en 2002-2003 fue del 4%. La incidencia disminuia con la edad, siendo los valores mas altos en ninos menores de un ano (20/100.000), en ninos de entre 1 y 2 anos (11/100.000) y en jovenes de 17 anos (7/100.000). La tasa de mortalidad fue del 12%. El 59% de los casos eran debidos al serogrupo B, el 32% al serogrupo C, y el 5% al serogrupo W135. El 4% restante fueron producidos por el serogrupo Y y por meningococos no grupables. Los pacientes con purpura fulminans que habian recibido antibioticos por via intravenosa antes de ser hospitalizados mostraron tasas de mortalidad reducidas comparadas con los pacientes no tratados. 
En 2003, cinco situaciones requirieron una atencion especial: dos clusters de IIM de serogrupo B, un brote de IIM asociado a una cepa de serogrupo B de un complejo clonal conocido por su alta tasa de letalidad, y dos distritos donde se llego al umbral de alerta de los casos de IIM de serogrupo C y donde se recomendaron campanas de vacunacion masiva.
Ride report: mobile app user guide
Authors: Anna K Porter, Michael Schwartz
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Ride Report.

Fitness.

iOS (8.2 or later), Android (4.3 or later).

Free.

Ride Report (https://ride.report) is a mobile app designed to automatically track bicycling and other transportation activity. Using specialised machine-learning algorithms that take advantage of smartphone accelerometers, Ride Report automatically detects when users travel and identifies the transportation mode, whether it be bicycle, personal automobile (‘drive’) or transit (bus or train). Global positioning systems (GPS) is used to track the trip; at the end, Ride Report provides a notification of the trip completion, and gives the user an option to rate their route for bicycling comfort with a simple great/not-great rating from the lock screen.

The main page of the app lists each recorded bicycle ride, organised by day. Users can then click on a specific ride to see a map of the route taken, with data on caloric expenditure, duration and average speed (these metrics are currently iOS only). In addition to ride-specific details, users are provided with cumulative information on all trips recorded, such as total distance travelled by bicycle, kilograms of CO …
Abstract 18471: Novel Macrophage Targetable Theranostic Photoactivation Simultaneously Images Plaque Macrophages and Regresses the Atheromata
Authors: Kyeongsoon Park, Joon Woo Song, Min Woo Lee, Bong Gu Yi, Ji Bak Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Joo Hee Jeon, Dong Joo Oh, Wang-Yuhl Oh, Hongki Yoo, Jin Won Kim
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background and Hypothesis: Macrophages are associated with destabilization of the atheroma. We aim to develop light-activatable theranostic agent targeting scavenger receptor expressed on macrophag...
TCT-755 Role Of Circulating Progenitor Cells in the Appearance of Neointimal Hyperplasia After Everolimus Eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Pilar Jimenez Quevedo, Maria Del Trigo, Salvatore Brugaletta, Luis Nombela-Franco, Shuji Otsuki, Javier Escaned, Pablo Salinas, Ivan Nuñez-Gil, Antonio Fernandez-Ortiz, Carlos Macaya, Manel Sabate, Nieves Gonzalo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Transmission dynamics of the ongoing chikungunya outbreak in Central Italy: from coastal areas to the metropolitan city of Rome, summer 2017
Authors: Mattia Manica, Giorgio Guzzetta, Piero Poletti, Federico Filipponi, Angelo Solimini, Beniamino Caputo, Alessandra della Torre, Roberto Rosà, Stefano Merler
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2017)

A large chikungunya outbreak is ongoing in Italy, with a main cluster in the Anzio coastal municipality. With preliminary epidemiological data, and a transmission model using mosquito abundance and biting rates, we estimated the basic reproduction number R 0 at 2.07 (95% credible interval: 1.47–2.59) and the first case importation between 21 May and 18 June 2017. Outbreak risk was higher in coastal/rural sites than urban ones. Novel transmission foci could occur up to mid-November.
Incidence croissante de la résistance au triméthoprime et à la ciprofloxacine de Salmonella typhimurium DT104 épidémique en Angleterre et au Pays de Galles
Authors: E J Threlfall, L. R. Ward, B Rowe
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1997)

Depuis 1990, les souches de Salmonella typhimurium de lysotype 104 (= DT104) qui comportent une resistance chromosomique a l'ampicilline, au chloramphenicol, a la streptomycine, aux sulfamides et a la tetracycline (= phenotype ACSSuT) (1) sont devenues de plus en plus frequentes chez l'homme en Angleterre et au Pays de Galles (figure 1). Depuis 1992, seul S. enteritidis de lysotype 4 represente une fraction plus importante des cas de salmonelloses humaines (2). En 1995, 94% des isolats envoyes au laboratoire des entero-pathogenes (Laboratory of Enteric Pathogens, LEP) du Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) par les laboratoires situes en Angleterre et au Pays de Galles etaient multiresistants a 4 antibiotiques ou plus.
Osimertinib Dose Escalation Induces Regression of Progressive EGFR T790M–Mutant Leptomeningeal Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Christine Cordova, Andrew S. Chi, Abraham Chachoua, Douglas Kondziolka, Joshua S. Silverman, Timothy M. Shepherd, Rajan Jain, Matija Snuderl
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Abstract 18584: Decoding the Regulatory LncRNAs in Neonatal Heart During Perinatal Circulatory Transition
Authors: Marlin Touma, Ashley Cass, Xuedong Kang, Yan Zhao, Reshma Biniwale, Brian Reemtsen, Xinshu Xiao,, Yibin Wang
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Fetal to neonatal transition of heart is an elaborate process, during which, neonatal cardiomyocytes undergo functional maturation and terminal exit from the cell cycle. However, transcriptome programming in neonatal cardiac chambers during perinatal stages is understudied. In particular, the changes in long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in neonatal heart have not been explored. Objective: To achieve transcriptome-wide analysis of lncRNAs in neonatal left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) during maturation stages using deep RNA-Sequencing Methods: Deep RNA-sequencing was performed on male newborn mouse (C57 BL) LV and RV at 3 time points of perinatal circulatory transition: P0, P3 and P7. Reads were mapped to mouse genome (mm10). The lncRNAs annotated in NONCODE database were identified. Differentially expressed lncRNAs were defined as those with coefficient of variation ≥0.2, at a false discovery rate ≤0.05, and expressed at ≥3 RPKM in at least one sample. Correlated lncRNAs/ gene pairs were identified using Pearson’s (r2≥0.8, P≤0.05). A subset of LncRNAs/gene expression was validated using qRT-PCR. Results: Out of the 70, 983 observed unique lncRNAs, approximately 7000 were identified exhibiting significant variation during maturation windows with highly spatial-temporal dependent expression patterns, including approximately 5000 known and 2000 novel lncRNAs. Notably, 20% of these lncRNAs were located within 50 KB of a protein coding gene. Out of a total of 2400 lncRNAs/gene pairs, 10 % exhibited significantly concordant (lncRNA/gene) expression patterns. These correlated genes were significantly enriched in metabolism, cell cycle and contractility functional ontology. Interestingly, some of these lncRNAs exhibited concordance with their neighboring gene in human tissues with congenital heart defects, suggesting conserved, potentially significant, regulatory function. Conclusions: Transcriptome programming during neonatal heart maturation involves global changes in lncRNAs. Their expression concordance with neighboring protein coding genes implicates potential important regulatory role of lncRNAs in neonatal heart chamber specification and congenital diseases.
TCT-339 Types of Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease: Insights From EUCLID
Authors: Christoph Olivier, William Hiatt, Daniel Wojdyla, Schuyler Jones, Frank Rockhold, Jeffrey Berger, Brian Katona, Lars Norgren, Juuso Blomster, Manesh Patel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)