tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An anthropometric study in children with chronic myeloid leukemia on imatinib.
Authors: Vamshi Krishna Reddy Goteke, Rahul Narayan Maddi, Narender Kumar Thota, Pragnya Coca, Balakrishna Nagalla, Vijay Gandhi Linga, Sadashivudu Gundeti, Raghunadharao Digumarti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

6554 Background: The long-term adverse effects, especially in children with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) on imatinib are unknown. There is very little literature addressing the adverse effects on growth in children on imatinib. We analysed the effect of imatinib on anthropometry in children with CML. Methods: The records of children ≤ 18 years with CML diagnosed at our institute between 2003 and 2011 were retrospectively analysed. Children who received imatinib for at least one year and on regular follow up were eligible for growth assessment. The data was analysed using WHO AnthroPlus v1.0.4 and SPSS.v19 software and the Height for age and BMI for age/sex “z” scores were computed. Results: A total of 61 children were started on imatinib. But, only 37 children were eligible for assessment of growth. Of them 3 were further excluded as the WHO AnthroPlus software supported data only till 19 completed years. Median age was 12 years (range: 5 – 17). 17 children were in the prepubertal age (5-11years) at commencement of imatinib. The mean duration of imatinib therapy was 41.24 months (range: 12–91). The overall z- scores for height for age (HAZ) on follow up were significantly (p =0.029) lower, compared to baseline. However when analysed according to age groups, the HAZ was found significantly (p=0.005) lower among 5-11 year age group compared to age group of ≥12 years. No significant differences were observed in BMI for age/sex z scores by age groups, over the period. Conclusions: Imatinib appears to cause growth retardation in prepubertal children. Further follow up may shed more light on the degree of stunting and the deficit in the final adult height.
Abstract 14222: NFAT5 Controls Vessel Wall Remodeling During Pulmonary Artery Hypertension
Authors: Maren Zappe, Wolfgang Neuhofer, Markus Hecker, Thomas Korff
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease with poor prognosis that is caused inter alia by constriction and inward remodeling of pulmonary arteries eliciting an increase in pulmonary blood pressure. We recently reported that a pressure-induced increase in biomechanical stress triggers the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) in arterial smooth muscle cells (SMC) to control the expression of tenascin-C - a molecular marker of PAH.   Hypothesis:  NFAT5 activity promotes arterial remodeling during PAH.   Methods & Results:  Experimental PAH was evoked by exposing NFAT5 flx/flx  or inducible SMC-specific NFAT5-deficient mice (NFAT5 -/- ) to hypoxia for 21 days. These conditions elevated the Fulton index (right/(left + septum) ventricular weight; 0.25 (control) vs. 0.42 (PAH), p flx/flx  but not NFAT5 -/-  mice. Telemetric assessment of the baseline blood pressure of NFAT5 -/-  and NFAT5 flx/flx  mice thereby revealed no significant difference. On the molecular level, PAH triggered the expression of NFAT5 in vascular but not airway SMC of NFAT5 flx/flx  mice (3.36-fold, p In vitro  studies indicated that blocking palmitoylation processes by Etomoxir inhibits nuclear entry and transcriptional activity of NFAT5 by 80 percent (p   Conclusions:  Collectively, our findings indicate that chronic exposure of arterial SMCs to hypertensive wall stress activates NFAT5 and controls its entry into the nucleus. During PAH, the transcriptional targets of NFAT5 support the remodeling of pulmonary arteries which may contribute to right heart failure.
War-Related Traumas and Mental Health Across Generations
Authors: Theresa S. Betancourt, Dana Thomson, Tyler J. VanderWeele
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Distinguishing between causal and non-causal associations: implications for sports medicine clinicians
Authors: Steven D Stovitz, Evert Verhagen, Ian Shrier
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

In any research study, variables may be associated due to either ‘cause and effect’ or alternative reasons that are not causal. While all causal relationships are associational, not all associational relationships are causal, that is, correlation does not equal causation. Sports medicine clinicians are generally interested in causal relationships because they want to know whether an intervention will prevent, treat or rehabilitate injury. However, many sport medicine studies do not distinguish between causal and non-causal associations, although they may present their findings in a manner that implies causation. The purpose of this editorial is to help clinicians distinguish causal and non-causal associations to avoid faulty conclusions and misguided clinical decisions.

Generally, in a well-conducted randomised trial with a sufficient sample size, high adherence and minimal dropouts, one can assume that the change in the outcome was caused by the treatment. However, in observational studies, there are often additional hidden assumptions to be acknowledged before concluding the relationship is causal; for example, the absence of confounding or collider stratification bias. Causal diagrams such as those in figure 1 make many of these assumptions explicit.1 In addition, when random study results are absurd, such as an association between a sports team logo and concussion risk,2 a causal diagram forces researchers to either explain the association or to label it as a chance finding. Shrier and …
Abstract #1775: Crocetin, a carotenoid compound derived from saffron, antagonizes the anticancer effects of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Animesh Dhar, Kakali Dhar, Gopal Dhar, Snigdha Banerjee, Peter Van Veldhuizen, Sushanta Banerjee
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States and no significant treatment is at present available. Although there are an increasing number of therapeutic options available for patients with advanced disease, their efficacy is time limited and non-curative. Presently approximately 50-60% of cancer patients in the United States utilize therapies derived from plants, herbs, flowers, or nutrients (complementary and alternative medicine [CAM]), exclusively or concurrently with their traditional therapies such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy. One such CAM therapy is \#8220;crocetin\#8221;, a carotenoid compound isolated from the saffron plant. Recent studies demonstrated that crocetin has a significant antitumorigenic effect in both in vitro and in vivo on pancreatic cancer. Gemcitabine, a nucleoside analogue, is the drug of choice in pancreatic cancer and it has also been demonstrated that gemcitabine significantly reduces growth and proliferation in pancreatic cancer. Therefore, the aim of the series of experiments was to determine whether crocetin affects gemcitabine induced proliferation pancreatic cancer. MIA-PaCa-2 cells were treated with crocetin and gemcitabine together at different time intervals and a proliferation assay using H3-thymidine incorporation was used. Gemcitabine at lower doses (0.01 and 0.05 µM) in combination with crocetin (200 µM) antagonize the inhibition of proliferation by gemcitabine whereas crocetin and gemcitabine both individually inhibited proliferation. Similar antagonistic effect was also observed when crocetin was treated before after 4 hr time intervals of gemcitabine treatment. Gemcitabine at lower dose (0.01 µM) in combination with crocetin impaired Mia-PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell migration and cell death. This study indicated that crocetin reduces anti-proliferative effect of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. This complex interaction between, crocetin and gemcitabine could suggest that caution is required for dietary compounds during chemotherapy.  Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 1775.
Brief Report: Validation of a Definition of Flare in Patients With Established Gout
Authors: Angelo L. Gaffo, Nicola Dalbeth, Kenneth G. Saag, Jasvinder A. Singh, Elizabeth J. Rahn, Amy S. Mudano, Yi‐Hsing Chen, Ching‐Tsai Lin, Sandra Bourke, Worawit Louthrenoo, Janitzia Vazquez‐Mellado, Hansel Hernández‐Llinas, Tuhina Neogi, Ana Beatriz Vargas‐Santos, Geraldo da Rocha Castelar‐Pinheiro, Rodrigo B. C. Amorim, Till Uhlig, Hilde B. Hammer, Maxim Eliseev, Fernando Perez‐Ruiz, Lorenzo Cavagna, Geraldine M. McCarthy, Lisa K. Stamp, Martijn Gerritsen, Viktoria Fana, Francisca Sivera, William Taylor
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2017)

Objective To perform external validation of a provisional definition of disease flare in patients with gout. Methods Five hundred nine patients with gout were enrolled in a cross‐sectional study during a routine clinical care visit at 17 international sites. Data were collected to classify patients as experiencing or not experiencing a gout flare, according to a provisional definition. A local expert rheumatologist performed the final independent adjudication of gout flare status. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and receiver operating characteristic ( ROC ) curves were used to determine the diagnostic performance of gout flare definitions. Results The mean ± SD age of the patients was 57.5 ± 13.9 years, and 89% were male. The definition requiring fulfillment of at least 3 of 4 criteria (patient‐defined gout flare, pain at rest score of &gt;3 on a 0–10‐point numerical rating scale, presence of at least 1 swollen joint, and presence of at least 1 warm joint) was 85% sensitive and 95% specific in confirming the presence of a gout flare, with an accuracy of 92%. The ROC area under the curve was 0.97. The definition based on a classification and regression tree algorithm (entry point, pain at rest score &gt;3, followed by patient‐defined flare “yes”) was 73% sensitive and 96% specific. Conclusion The definition of gout flare that requires fulfillment of at least 3 of 4 patient‐reported criteria is now validated to be sensitive, specific, and accurate for gout flares, as demonstrated using an independent large international patient sample. The availability of a validated gout flare definition will improve the ascertainment of an important clinical outcome in studies of gout.
P2.07-011 Long Follow up from Phase I Study of Nivolumab and Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: S. Kanda, Y. Ohe, Y. Matsumoto, S. Murakami, Y. Goto, H. Horinouchi, Y. Fujiwara, H. Nokihara, N. Yamamoto, T. Yamamoto, T. Tamura
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Prevenção da infecção congénita por rubéola na Região Europeia da OMS: Objectivo 2010
Authors: J. S. Spika, F X Hanon, S Wassilak, R G Pebody, N Emiroglu
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

O Escritorio Regional da Organizacao Mundial de Saude (OMS) para a Europa publicou recentemente um plano estrategico e normas de vigilância para o sarampo e infeccao congenita por rubeola. A estrategia prioriza actividades de controlo do sarampo mas encoraja a introducao da vacina contra a rubeola quando a cobertura de vacina do sarampo tenha atingido g90%; todavia, muitos paises da Europa ocidental com uma cobertura subideal da vacina do sarampo ja estao a utilizar a vacina combinada do sarampo, papeira e rubeola (MMR). As mulheres destes paises podem apresentar um risco especialmente elevado de ter um filho com sindrome da rubeola congenita. A OMS tem por objectivo melhorar a vigilância da rubeola e do sindrome da rubeola congenita como meio para obter melhores informacoes sobre o fardo destas doencas e convencer os tomadores de decisoes politicas da necessidade de apoiar as estrategias da Regiao Europeia da OMS no campo da rubeola.
Enhanced Predictive Capability of a 1-Hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: A Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Manan Pareek, Deepak L. Bhatt, Mette L. Nielsen, Ram Jagannathan, Karl-Fredrik Eriksson, Peter M. Nilsson, Michael Bergman, Michael H. Olsen
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

To examine whether the 1-h blood glucose measurement would be a more suitable screening tool for assessing the risk of diabetes and its complications than the 2-h measurement.We conducted a prospective population-based cohort study of 4,867 men, randomly selected from prespecified birth cohorts between 1921 and 1949, who underwent an oral glucose tolerance test with blood glucose measurements at 0, 1, and 2 h. Subjects were followed for up to 39 years, with registry-based recording of events. Discriminative abilities of elevated 1-h (≥8.6 mmol/L) versus 2-h (≥7.8 mmol/L) glucose for predicting incident type 2 diabetes, vascular complications, and mortality were compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox proportional hazards regression, and net reclassification improvement.Median age was 48 years (interquartile range [IQR] 48-49). During follow-up (median 33 years [IQR 24-37]), 636 (13%) developed type 2 diabetes. Elevated 1-h glucose was associated with incident diabetes (hazard ratio 3.40 [95% CI 2.90-3.98], P < 0.001) and provided better risk assessment than impaired glucose tolerance (Harrell concordance index 0.637 vs. 0.511, P < 0.001). Addition of a 1-h measurement in subjects stratified by fasting glucose provided greater net reclassification improvement than the addition of a 2-h measurement (0.214 vs. 0.016, respectively). Finally, the 1-h glucose was significantly associated with vascular complications and mortality.The 1-h blood glucose level is a stronger predictor of future type 2 diabetes than the 2-h level and is associated with diabetes complications and mortality.
Exploring the role of macrophages in primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Y.-Y. Chen, E. Liaskou, S. Akiror, B.K. Chung, G.J. Webb, M. Corrigan, S.M. Curbishley, D.H. Adams, C.J. Weston, G.M. Hirschfield
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)
GP avoids prosecution over circumcision of 3 month old baby
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

A GP who was arrested in June after circumcising a 3 month old boy for religious reasons without his mother’s permission will not be charged, the Crown Prosecution Service has decided.

Balvinder Mehat, 61, of Bakersfield Medical Centre in Nottingham, was arrested on suspicion of causing grievous bodily harm with intent. Two other people, unnamed relatives of the child from the father’s side of the family, were arrested on suspicion of conspiracy to cause grievous bodily harm with intent.

The boy, who was conceived while his parents were in a short relationship, was …
P1.04-006 Second Primary Lung Cancer: Five Years of a Single Center Experience in Its Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Fatmir Caushi, Danjela Xhemalaj, Hasan Hafizi, Ilir Skenduli, Jona Shkurti, Arjan Mezini, Zyber Pupla, Alban Hatibi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Post Vitreous Detachment
Authors: Judith Skillman
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Design and baseline characteristics of a coronary heart disease prospective cohort: 2-year experience from the strategy of registry of acute coronary syndrome study (ERICO study).
Authors: Itamar de Souza Santos, Alessandra Carvalho Goulart, Debora Sitnik, Henrique Lane Staniak, Ligia Maria Giongo Fedeli, Márcio Sommer Bittencourt, Alexandre C. Pereira, Isabela M. Benseñor, Paulo Andrade Lotufo
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Apresentado no World Congress of Cardiology Scientific Sessions 2012; Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 18-21 April 2012.
Fremanezumab for the Preventive Treatment of Chronic Migraine
Authors: Stephen D. Silberstein, David W. Dodick, Marcelo E. Bigal, Paul P. Yeung, Peter J. Goadsby, Tricia Blankenbiller, Melissa Grozinski-Wolff, Ronghua Yang, Yuju Ma, Ernesto Aycardi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Fremanezumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), is being investigated as a preventive treatment for migraine. We compared two fremanezumab dose regimens with placebo for the prevention of chronic migraine.In this phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned patients with chronic migraine (defined as headache of any duration or severity on ≥15 days per month and migraine on ≥8 days per month) in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive fremanezumab quarterly (a single dose of 675 mg at baseline and placebo at weeks 4 and 8), fremanezumab monthly (675 mg at baseline and 225 mg at weeks 4 and 8), or matching placebo. Both fremanezumab and placebo were administered by means of subcutaneous injection. The primary end point was the mean change from baseline in the average number of headache days (defined as days in which headache pain lasted ≥4 consecutive hours and had a peak severity of at least a moderate level or days in which acute migraine-specific medication [triptans or ergots] was used to treat a headache of any severity or duration) per month during the 12 weeks after the first dose.Of 1130 patients enrolled, 376 were randomly assigned to fremanezumab quarterly, 379 to fremanezumab monthly, and 375 to placebo. The mean number of baseline headache days (as defined above) per month was 13.2, 12.8, and 13.3, respectively. The least-squares mean (±SE) reduction in the average number of headache days per month was 4.3±0.3 with fremanezumab quarterly, 4.6±0.3 with fremanezumab monthly, and 2.5±0.3 with placebo (P<0.001 for both comparisons with placebo). The percentage of patients with a reduction of at least 50% in the average number of headache days per month was 38% in the fremanezumab-quarterly group, 41% in the fremanezumab-monthly group, and 18% in the placebo group (P<0.001 for both comparisons with placebo). Abnormalities of hepatic function occurred in 5 patients in each fremanezumab group (1%) and 3 patients in the placebo group (<1%).Fremanezumab as a preventive treatment for chronic migraine resulted in a lower frequency of headache than placebo in this 12-week trial. Injection-site reactions to the drug were common. The long-term durability and safety of fremanezumab require further study. (Funded by Teva Pharmaceuticals; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02621931 .).
Abstract 20406: Head and Thorax Elevation During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Improves Cerebral Perfusion in a Swine Model of Prolonged of Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Johanna C Moore, Nicolas Segal, Guillaume Debaty, Michael C Lick, Keith G Lurie
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction:  Blood flow to the brain during cardiac arrest and conventional CPR decreases over time. This may contribute to poor outcomes. CPR in the 30 o  head up position (HUP) with an impedance threshold device (ITD) improves cerebral perfusion acutely but the long-term potential of this approach on brain blood flow is unknown.   Hypothesis:  Since most resuscitation efforts last >15 minutes, the aim of the study was to compare brain blood flow in the HUP versus supine position (SUP) during prolonged CPR.   Methods:  Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was induced in anesthetized pigs. After 8 minutes of untreated VF automated active compression-decompression (ACD)-CPR+ITD was performed for 2 minutes in the SUP and then randomized to 18 minutes of continuous ACD-CPR+ITD in either HUP or SUP. Microspheres were injected before VF and after 15 minutes of CPR. Hemodynamic measurements were made concurrently.   Results:  Mean brain blood flow (ml/min/g, mean ± SD) after 15 minutes of CPR was 0.42±0.05 in the HUP group (n=8) and 0.21±0.04 SUP (n=10), respectively, (p   Conclusions:  After 15 minutes of ACD-CPR+ITD brain blood flow and cerebral perfusion pressures were 2-fold higher with head and thorax elevation versus the whole body flat position. These positive findings in a pig model of prolonged cardiac arrest provide strong pre-clinical support to proceed with a clinical evaluation of HUP during ACD-CPR+ITD in humans.
CCGs consider bringing in minimum waiting times
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2017)

The Royal College of Surgeons has urged clinical commissioning groups to drop plans to introduce minimum waiting times for non-urgent procedures.

Several CCGs, including Trafford and four in Lincolnshire, have said that such plans were being considered alongside a range of measures to cut costs. The CCGs expect that a minimum waiting time would mean some patients not ending up needing or wanting the procedure after all.

Sue Hill, vice president of the surgeons’ college, said that patients in Trafford currently waited an average of 7.2 weeks for any type of treatment. “If this policy were to …