tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 13166: Externally Irrigated Radiofrequency Ablation With Low Osmolarity Irrigant for the Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias
Authors: Paul T Jurgens, Wendy S Tzou, Matthew Zipse, Lijun Zheng, William H Sauer, Duy T Nguyen
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Certain cardiac arrhythmias arise from deep or thick myocardium and may be refractory to standard external irrigated ablation. Externally irrigated ablation (EIA) is generally performed with normal saline (NS) as the infusing irrigant. Recent data suggest that larger ablation lesions can be created by decreasing the irrigant osmolarity. Hypothesis: We sought to evaluate the use of half normal saline (HNS) as the irrigant in externally irrigated ablation under ex vivo and in vivo conditions. Methods: Bovine myocardium was placed in a circulating saline bath in an ex vivo model. Two externally irrigated ablation catheters were oriented across from each other, with myocardium in between. Sequential unipolar ablations with HNS were performed at 50 Watts for 60 seconds, and ablation lesions were compared to using NS or HNS irrigation. In addition, a retrospective analysis was performed of all ablations using HNS completed at the University of Colorado from 2015-2016. Results: In vivo porcine ablations with HNS irrigation generated larger lesions, compared to control ablations using standard NS irrigation, and there was no increased incidence of steam pops (Figure 1). Clinically, 7 cases were identified that utilized HNS as the irrigant in EIA for refractory arrhythmias (1 atrial tachycardia, 6 VT/PVC cases). Acute success was achieved in 7/7 of procedures, with no recurrences at a mean follow up of 109 days. There were no complications (Figure 2). Conclusions: By decreasing irrigant osmolarity and charge density in EIA through the use of HNS, larger ablation lesions can be created to target deep arrhythmia circuits refractory to standard ablation.
Association of national and hospital factors to hospitals' alcohol-based handrub consumption in Europe: results of the European PROHIBIT study
Authors: S. Hansen, F. Schwab, P. Gastmeier, W. Zingg, D. Pittet, W. Zingg, H. Sax, P. Gastmeier, S. Hansen, H. Grundmann, B. van Benthem, T. van der Kooi, M. Dettenkofer, M. Martin, H. Richet, E. Szilágyi, O.E. Központ, P.B. Heczko, A. Holmes, Y. Kyratsis, R. Ahmad, B. Allegranzi, A. Magiorakos, B. Cookson, A.W. Wu
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2017)
Trapping Cancers as They Adapt to Survive
Authors: Rizwan Haq
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2017)

Abstract Summary: The evolution of cancer cells limits the efficacy of nearly all treatments for patients with solid tumors. Characterizing how cancers adapt to treatment could therefore lead to approaches that overcome resistance to therapy. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Song and colleagues describe the evolution of melanomas upon exposure to BRAF inhibitors, demonstrating that adaptive changes in the tumor create a vulnerability that can be targeted with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cancer Discov; 7(11); 1216–7. ©2017 AACR. See related article by Song et al., p. 1248.
A biodegradable scaffold enhances differentiation of embryonic stem cells into a thick sheet of retinal cells
Authors: Deepti Singh, Shao-Bin Wang, Tina Xia, Laurel Tainsh, Maryam Ghiassi-Nejad, Tao Xu, Shaomin Peng, Ron A. Adelman, Lawrence J. Rizzolo
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
TCT-107 Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement with a Self-Expanding Prosthesis or Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Intermediate-Risk Patients: Complete 1-Year Outcomes from the SURTAVI Trial
Authors: Nicolas Van Mieghem, Michael J. Reardon, Jeffrey J. Popma, Stephan Windecker, Thomas Gleason, Joon Lee, Eberhard Grube, Lars Søndergaard, Raj Makkar, Wen Cheng, Patrick Serruys, A. Pieter Kappetein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Substantial contribution of genetic variation in the expression of transcription factors to phenotypic variation revealed by eRD-GWAS
Authors: Hung-ying Lin, Qiang Liu, Xiao Li, Jinliang Yang, Sanzhen Liu, Yinlian Huang, Michael J. Scanlon, Dan Nettleton, Patrick S. Schnable
Journal: Genome biology (2017)

There are significant limitations in existing methods for the genome-wide identification of genes whose expression patterns affect traits.The transcriptomes of five tissues from 27 genetically diverse maize inbred lines were deeply sequenced to identify genes exhibiting high and low levels of expression variation across tissues or genotypes. Transcription factors are enriched among genes with the most variation in expression across tissues, as well as among genes with higher-than-median levels of variation in expression across genotypes. In contrast, transcription factors are depleted among genes whose expression is either highly stable or highly variable across genotypes. We developed a Bayesian-based method for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in which RNA-seq-based measures of transcript accumulation are used as explanatory variables (eRD-GWAS). The ability of eRD-GWAS to identify true associations between gene expression variation and phenotypic diversity is supported by analyses of RNA co-expression networks, protein-protein interaction networks, and gene regulatory networks. Genes associated with 13 traits were identified using eRD-GWAS on a panel of 369 maize inbred lines. Predicted functions of many of the resulting trait-associated genes are consistent with the analyzed traits. Importantly, transcription factors are significantly enriched among trait-associated genes identified with eRD-GWAS.eRD-GWAS is a powerful tool for associating genes with traits and is complementary to SNP-based GWAS. Our eRD-GWAS results are consistent with the hypothesis that genetic variation in transcription factor expression contributes substantially to phenotypic diversity.
TCT-745 Bioresorbable polymer-coated thin strut sirolimus-eluting stent vs. durable polymer-coated everolimus-eluting stent in daily clinical practice: propensity matched one-year results from interventional cardiology network registry
Authors: Pawel Gasior, Marek Gierlotka, Krzysztof Szuczrek-Katanski, Marcin Osuch, Roman Gnot, Agata Dydon, Michal Hawranek, Andrzej Lekston, Mariusz Gasior, Lech Poloński
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Image Gallery: A case of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm
Authors: T. Rider, S. George, H. Tidbury, R. Grace, J. Newman, Z. Al Shiekh Ali, J. Felton
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

Funding sources: no external funding. Conflicts of interest: none to declare. A 69‐year‐old man presented with a 6‐month history of bruise‐like nodules and plaques (a–c), and also 1 month of breathlessness and fatigue. Blasts in the peripheral blood (d), bone marrow (e) and dermis (f) confirmed blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm with CD4, CD56 (g) and CD123 positivity. The rash resolved and remission was achieved with high‐dose chemotherapy. Comorbidities precluded bone marrow transplantation, which offers the best chance of long‐term remission.1 Nine months later he relapsed and died. Eighty per cent of cases present with characteristic cutaneous lesions.2 Given the poor median survival (12–18 months) urgent recognition and treatment is required.
Le septième Congrès international du Groupe de Travail Européen sur la Diphtérie - Vienne, juin 2002
Authors: C Kelly, A Efstratiou
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2003)

Le septieme Congres international du Groupe de Travail Europeen sur la Diphterie (European Laboratory Working Group on Diphtheria - ELWGD) s'est tenu a Vienne, Autriche, en juin 2002 et a rassemble les microbiologistes et les epidemiologistes responsa
Uma Grande Epidemia de Rubéola, Roménia - 2003
Authors: A Rafila, M Marin, A Pistol, D Nicolaiciuc, E Lupulescu, A Uzicanin, S Reef
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

A Romenia sofreu uma grande epidemia de rubeola em 2002-03, com mais de 115 000 casos notificados em todo o pais e uma incidencia de 531 casos notificados por 100 000 individuos da populacao. A incidencia foi mais elevada nas criancas em idade escolar. As coortes de raparigas adolescentes vacinadas em 1998 e 2002 (quando foi disponivel uma vacina contra a rubeola) apresentaram taxas de incidencia significativamente mais baixas (p l 0,001) comparativamente com as taxas registadas em rapazes das mesmas faixas etarias que nao foram vacinados. Em 2003, dos 150 casos de suspeita de sindrome de rubeola congenita (CRS) notificados, sete (4,6%) foram confirmados por anticorpos IgM contra a rubeola positivos. Na ausencia de vacina contra a rubeola disponivel para controlo da epidemia, foi desenvolvido um plano de resposta a epidemia destinado a melhorar a deteccao de casos e limitar a transmissao do virus da rubeola. Foram implementadas as seguintes actividades: foi implementada a vigilância de mulheres gravidas com suspeita de rubeola ou historia de exposicao ao virus da rubeola, com acompanhamento da evolucao da gravidez; foi fortalecida a vigilância do CRS; foram reforcadas as normas de controlo da infeccao existentes para prevenir a transmissao da doenca dentro das instituicoes de saude; e foi desenvolvido um plano de comunicacao. Em Maio de 2004, a Romenia esta a introduzir a vacina contra o sarampo, papeira e rubeola (MMR) para vacinacao de rotina de criancas com 12 a 15 meses de idade, continuando simultaneamente a vacinacao de raparigas no 8o grau de escolaridade (13 a 14 anos de idade) com vacina apenas contra a rubeola.
Transgender Research in the 21st Century: A Selective Critical Review From a Neurocognitive Perspective
Authors: Sven C. Mueller, Griet De Cuypere, Guy T’Sjoen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2017)

Gender dysphoria describes the psychological distress caused by identifying with the sex opposite to the one assigned at birth. In recent years, much progress has been made in characterizing the needs of transgender persons wishing to transition to their preferred gender, thus helping to optimize care. This critical review of the literature examines their common mental health issues, several individual risk factors for psychiatric comorbidity, and current research on the underlying neurobiology. Prevalence rates of persons identifying as transgender and seeking help with transition have been rising steeply since 2000 across Western countries; the current U.S. estimate is 0.6%. Anxiety and depression are frequently observed both before and after transition, although there is some decrease afterward. Recent research has identified autistic traits in some transgender persons. Forty percent of transgender persons endorse suicidality, and the rate of self-injurious behavior and suicide are markedly higher than in the general population. Individual factors contributing to mental health in transgender persons include community attitudes, societal acceptance, and posttransition physical attractiveness. Neurobiologically, whereas structural MRI data are thus far inconsistent, functional MRI evidence in trans persons suggests changes in some brain areas concerned with olfaction and voice perception consistent with sexual identification, but here too, a definitive picture has yet to emerge. Mental health clinicians, together with other health specialists, have an increasing role in the assessment and treatment of gender dysphoria in transgender individuals.
Guiding longitudinal sampling in IBD cohorts
Authors: Yoshiki Vázquez-Baeza, Antonio Gonzalez, Zhenjiang Zech Xu, Alex Washburne, Hans H Herfarth, R Balfour Sartor, Rob Knight
Journal: Gut (2017)

We read with interest the work by Pascal et al published recently in Gut .1 Here, they report the volatile microbial signatures of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), a quality that greatly hinders our ability to classify healthy from affected subjects using 16S rRNA profiles from stool. Nonetheless, their work overcame these and other complications,2 producing a decision tree that classifies subjects with CD, UC, irritable bowel syndrome and anorexia. Although the authors note that both subtypes of IBD, particularly CD, have increased microbial community instability, this information is not used as a feature to improve classifier accuracy. Could microbiome instability become actionable by creating a new classifier that benefits from repeated measurements? If so, how many samples per individual are needed to assess instability?

We collected daily stool samples for up to 6 weeks from 19 CD subjects and 12 controls (see the analysis notebook for cohort description, methods and data, https://github.com/knightlab-analyses/longitudinal-ibd) over two separate periods of 2 or 4 weeks spread over 2 and 5 months, for a total of 960 samples. We believe that this is the most densely sampled longitudinal study …
Increased stroke incidence in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: risk factors or disease itself?
Authors: Vincenzo Bruzzese, Angelo Zullo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

We read with great interest the recent study by Arkema  et al showing that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at increased risk for ischaemic (but not haemorrhagic) stroke as compared with Swedish general population (HR 2.2, 95% CI 1.7 to 2.8).1 The risk …
Effectiveness of school-based physical activity programmes on cardiorespiratory fitness in children: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Diana P Pozuelo-Carrascosa, Antonio García-Hermoso, Celia Álvarez-Bueno, Mairena Sánchez-López, Vicente Martinez-Vizcaino
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To conduct a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials aimed at testing whether school-based physical activity programmes improve cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in children. Design Systematic review with meta-analysis. Data sources Using keywords, we performed a computerised search in five databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science and SportDiscus. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Studies that assessed the effectiveness of school-based physical activity programmes on improving CRF in children (3–12 years old). We selected interventions that included an additional physical activity programme and not only a physical activity educational component. The reference lists of selected full-text articles and systematic reviews were also searched for relevant studies. Pooled effect size (Hedges′ g ) was calculated assuming a random-effects model. Results Twenty trials with 7287 healthy children aged 3–12 years were included in the meta-analysis. School-based physical activity interventions with aerobic games and activities were associated with a significant small increase in CRF (Hedges′ g =0.22; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.30; p&lt;0.001). Based on subgroup analysis, the increase in CRF was significant in girls (Hedges′ g =0.25; 95% CI 0.13 to 0.37; p&lt;0.001), but not in boys (Hedges′ g =0.02; 95% CI −0.10 to 0.14; p=0.731). Summary Moderate quality evidence supports the effectiveness of school-based physical activity interventions on improving CRF in children. Trial registration number Protocol PROSPERO registration number CRD42016050173 .
Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treatment of AKI after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Madhav Swaminathan, Mark Stafford-Smith, Glenn M. Chertow, David G. Warnock, Viken Paragamian, Robert M. Brenner, François Lellouche, Alison Fox-Robichaud, Mohamed G. Atta, Spencer Melby, Ravindra L. Mehta, Ron Wald, Subodh Verma, C. David Mazer
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2017)

AKI after cardiac surgery remains strongly associated with mortality and lacks effective treatment or prevention. Preclinical studies suggest that cell-based interventions may influence functional recovery. We conducted a phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 27 centers across North America to determine the safety and efficacy of allogeneic human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in reducing the time to recovery from AKI after cardiac surgery. We randomized 156 adult subjects undergoing cardiac surgery with evidence of early AKI to receive intra-aortic MSCs (AC607; n=67) or placebo (n=68). The primary outcome was the time to recovery of kidney function defined as return of postintervention creatinine level to baseline. The median time to recovery of kidney function was 15 days with AC607 and 12 days with placebo (25th, 75th percentile range, 10-29 versus 6-21, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.53 to 1.24; P=0.32). We did not detect a significant difference between groups in 30-day all-cause mortality (16.7% with AC607; 11.8% with placebo) or dialysis (10.6% with AC607; 7.4% with placebo). At follow-up, 12 patients who received AC607 and six patients who received placebo had died. Rates of other adverse events did not differ between groups. In these patients with AKI after cardiac surgery, administration of allogeneic MSCs did not decrease the time to recovery of kidney function. Our results contrast with those in preclinical studies and provide important information regarding the potential effects of MSCs in this setting.
Interventions to Improve Follow-up of Positive Results on Fecal Blood Tests
Authors: Kevin Selby, Christine Baumgartner, Theodore R. Levin, Chyke A. Doubeni, Ann G. Zauber, Joanne Schottinger, Christopher D. Jensen, Jeffrey K. Lee, Douglas A. Corley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Background: Fecal immunochemical testing is the most commonly used method for colorectal cancer screening worldwide. However, its effectiveness is frequently undermined by failure to obtain follow-up colonoscopy after positive test results. Purpose: To evaluate interventions to improve rates of follow-up colonoscopy for adults after a positive result on a fecal test (guaiac or immunochemical). Data Sources: English-language studies from the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and Embase from database inception through June 2017. Study Selection: Randomized and nonrandomized studies reporting an intervention for colonoscopy follow-up of asymptomatic adults with positive fecal test results. Data Extraction: Two reviewers independently extracted data and ranked study quality; 2 rated overall strength of evidence for each category of study type. Data Synthesis: Twenty-three studies were eligible for analysis, including 7 randomized and 16 nonrandomized studies. Three were at low risk of bias. Eleven studies described patient-level interventions (changes to invitation, provision of results or follow-up appointments, and patient navigators), 5 provider-level interventions (reminders or performance data), and 7 system-level interventions (automated referral, precolonoscopy telephone calls, patient registries, and quality improvement efforts). Moderate evidence supported patient navigators and provider reminders or performance data. Evidence for system-level interventions was low. Seventeen studies reported the proportion of test-positive patients who completed colonoscopy compared with a control population, with absolute differences of −7.4 percentage points (95% CI, −19 to 4.3 percentage points) to 25 percentage points (CI, 14 to 35 percentage points). Limitation: More than half of studies were at high or very high risk of bias; heterogeneous study designs and characteristics precluded meta-analysis. Conclusion: Patient navigators and giving providers reminders or performance data may help improve colonoscopy rates of asymptomatic adults with positive fecal blood test results. Current evidence about useful system-level interventions is scant and insufficient. Primary Funding Source: National Cancer Institute. (PROSPERO: CRD42016048286)
Impact of Left Ventricular Trabeculations and Papillary Muscles on Mass, Geometry, and Association With Incident Adverse Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Saadia Qazi, Philimon N. Gona, Carol J. Salton, Navkaranbir S. Bajaj, Martin G. Larson, Christopher J. O’Donnell, Warren J. Manning, Michael L. Chuang
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2017)
Liposomal <sup>64</sup>Cu-PET Imaging of Anti-VEGF Drug Effects on Liposomal Delivery to Colon Cancer Xenografts
Authors: Stephanie J. Blocker, Kirk A. Douglas, Lisa Anne Polin, Helen Lee, Bart S. Hendriks, Enxhi Lalo, Wei Chen, Anthony F. Shields
Journal: Theranostics (2017)

Liposomes (LP) deliver drug to tumors due to enhanced permeability and retention (EPR). LP were labeled with 64Cu for positron emission tomography (PET) to image tumor localization. Bevacizumab (bev), a VEGF targeted antibody, may modify LP delivery by altering tumor EPR and this change can also be imaged. Objective: Assess the utility of 64Cu-labeled LP for PET in measuring altered LP delivery early after treatment with bev. Methods: HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma tumors were grown subcutaneously in SCID mice. Empty LP MM-DX-929 (Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Cambridge, MA) were labeled with 64CuCl2 chelated with 4-DEAP-ATSC. Tumor-bearing mice received ~200-300 μCi of 64Cu-MM-DX-929 and imaged with microPET. All mice were scanned before and after the treatment period, in which half of the mice received bev for one week. Scans were compared for changes in LP accumulation during this time. Initially, tissues were collected after the second PET for biodistribution measurements and histological analysis. Subsequent groups were divided for further treatment. Tumor growth following bev treatment, with or without LP-I, was assessed compared to untreated controls. Results: PET scans of untreated mice showed increased uptake of 64Cu-MM-DX-929, with a mean change in tumor SUVmax of 43.9%±6.6% (n=10) after 7 days. Conversely, images of treated mice showed that liposome delivery did not increase, with changes in SUVmax of 7.6%±4.8% (n=12). Changes in tumor SUVmax were significantly different between both groups (p=0.0003). Histology of tumor tissues indicated that short-term bev was able to alter vessel size. Therapeutically, while bev monotherapy, LP-I monotherapy, and treatment with bev followed by LP-I all slowed HT-29 tumor growth compared to controls, combination provided no therapeutic benefit. Conclusions: PET with tracer LP 64Cu-MM-DX-929 can detect significant differences in LP delivery to colon tumors treated with bev when compared to untreated controls. Imaging with 64Cu-MM-DX-929 is sensitive enough to measure drug-induced changes in LP localization which can have an effect on outcomes of treatment with LP.