tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genes associated with metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like phenotype in human colon cancer cells: Palladin in colon cancer metastasis
Authors: Puei Nam Tay, Tze Chin Tan, Mirtha Laban, Carol Leung, Shing Chuan Hooi
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 12-16, 2008; San Diego, CA

5361 

Metastasis is the leading cause of death among colorectal cancer patients. One of the mechanisms of metastasis in colorectal tumors appear to involve primarily cells at the invasive front, where the cells exhibit alterations in epithelial structure/function, leading to enhanced motility and invasion: a process known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Therefore, a global transcriptome analysis of whole tumor samples may obscure important genetic changes that occur in the minority of cells within a tumor. We attempt to identify genes associated with colon cancer metastasis by comparing the gene expression profiles of cell lines with different metastatic abilities. Poorly metastatic HCT116 colon cancer cell line was injected into the spleen of nude mice and metastatic tumors that formed in the liver were harvested to obtain cell lines whose metastatic ability was confirmed by in vivo experiments in nude mice and in vitro invasion assays. Amongst the derived metastatic lines, the E1 clonal line was highly metastatic and most invasive. This line also exhibited characteristics reminiscent of EMT. Novel candidate genes that have not been previously associated with metastasis were selected from microarray analysis to characterize this EMT-like phenotype and its role in metastasis. One of these genes is palladin, an actin-associated phosphoprotein, which was down-regulated in the E1 cell line. As palladin links to components in the E-cadherin-catenin complex and actin cytoskeleton via interactors such as α-actinin and VASP, its down-regulation may be responsible for loss of cell-cell contact as well as actin remodeling observed in E1 cells. Inhibition of the Erk pathway (using inhibitor U0126), one of the EMT-inducing pathways, resulted in a reversion to the epithelial morphology in the E1 cells and an up-regulation of palladin expression. The up-regulated palladin expression in U0126-treated E1 cells was associated with a relocalization of cytoplasmic E-cadherin to the cell-cell junction. E1 cells transfected with palladin over-expression vector also resulted in the formation of cell-cell junctions, with palladin localized at the junctions. HCT116 cells transfected with palladin RNAi resulted in a knockdown of palladin expression and a reduction in cell-cell contact. Palladin expression was also studied using immunohistochemistry on colon cancer tumor sections and was found to be down-regulated in cells that have moved away from the tumor mass at the invasive front. Taken together, the data suggest that palladin is involved in maintaining E-cadherin-catenin-actin interactions in the cytoskeleton that are important in cell-cell adhesion, motility and epithelial cell morphology, and hence may play an important role in cell invasion and metastasis.
Application of Vienna Classification for Crohn's Disease Patients in North Tipperary
Authors: SH Raza, N Ullah, M Moloney
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Results: Crohn's disease mainly affected young adults. Fistulae was seen more frequently in L3 disease than in L1 or L2 disease. Strictures were more common in L1 than in L2or L3 disease (72% vs. 28%). Ileocolonic disease had more adverse outcome than other groups.
Mutation of the Wilms’ Tumor 1 Gene Is a Poor Prognostic Factor Associated with Chemoresistance in Normal Karyotype Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Authors: Priya Virappane, Rosemary E. Gale, Robert Hills, Ioannis Kakkas, Karin Summers, Jane Stevens, Claire Green, Christopher Allen, Alan K. Burnett, David C. Linch, Dominique Bonnet, T. Andrew Lister, Jude Fitzgibbon
Journal: Blood (2007)
Conflict of Interest and Medical Journals
Authors: Phil Fontanarosa, Howard Bauchner
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Conflict of interest (COI) affects every aspect of medicine, including clinical care, teaching, and research. According to one definition, “A conflict of interest exists when professional judgment concerning a primary interest (such as patients' welfare or the validity of research) may be influenced by a secondary interest (such as financial gain). Perceptions of conflict of interest are as important as actual conflicts of interest.”1 Over the past decade, there has been increasing attention to virtually every aspect of COI in medicine, including reports from authoritative national committees,2 federally mandated reporting of industry payments to physicians,3 enhanced policies and procedures governing COI at academic medical centers and research institutions, and efforts to harmonize reporting of COI overall4 and in scientific publications.5
CELLS INVOLVED IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
Authors: Sharwan K. Singhal, Maxwell Richter
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1968)

Cell suspensions of immune rabbit lymph nodes and spleen were capable of undergoing blastogenesis and mitosis and of incorporating tritiated thymidine when maintained in culture with the specific antigen in vitro. They did not respond to other, non-cross-reacting antigens. The blastogenic response obtained with immune lymph node cells could be correlated with the antibody synthesizing capacity of fragment cultures prepared from the same lymph nodes. Cell suspensions of immune bone marrow responded to non-cross-reacting antigens only whereas cell suspensions of immune thymus, sacculus rotundus, and appendix did not respond when exposed to any of the antigens tested. On the other hand, neither fragments nor cell suspensions prepared from lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus of normal, unimmunized rabbits responded with antibody formation and blastogenesis when exposed to any of the antigens. However, normal bone marrow cells responded with marked blastogenesis and tritiated thymidine uptake. The specificity of this in vitro bone marrow response was demonstrated by the fact that the injection of a protein antigen in vivo resulted in the loss of reactivity by the marrow cell to that particular antigen but not to the other, non-cross-reacting antigens. Furthermore, bone marrow cells of tolerant rabbits failed to respond to the specific antigen in vitro. It was also demonstrated that normal bone marrow cells incubated with antigen are capable of forming antibody which could be detected by the fluorescent antibody technique. This response of the bone marrow cells has been localized to the lymphocyte-rich fraction of the bone marrow. It is concluded that the bone marrow lymphocyte, by virtue of its capacity to react with blastogenesis and mitosis and with antibody formation upon initial exposure to the antigen, a capacity not possessed by lymphocytes of the other lymphoid organs, has a preeminent role in the sequence of cellular events culminating in antibody formation.
Lung ultrasound as a translational approach for non-invasive assessment of heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction in mice
Authors: María Villalba-Orero, Marina M. López-Olañeta, Esther González-López, Laura Padrón-Barthe, Jesús M. Gómez-Salinero, Jaime García-Prieto, Timothy Wai, Pablo García-Pavía, Borja Ibáñez, Luis J. Jiménez-Borreguero, Enrique Lara-Pezzi
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2017)

Heart failure (HF) has become an epidemic and constitutes a major medical, social, and economic problem worldwide. Despite advances in medical treatment, HF prognosis remains poor. The development of efficient therapies is hampered by the lack of appropriate animal models in which HF can be reliably determined, particularly in mice. The development of HF in mice is often assumed based on the presence of cardiac dysfunction, but HF itself is seldom proved. Lung ultrasound (LUS) has become a helpful tool for lung congestion assessment in patients at all stages of HF. We aimed to apply this non-invasive imaging tool to evaluate HF in mouse models of both systolic and diastolic dysfunction.We used LUS to study HF in a mouse model of systolic dysfunction, dilated cardiomyopathy, and in a mouse model of diastolic dysfunction, diabetic cardiomyopathy. LUS proved to be a reliable and reproducible tool to detect pulmonary congestion in mice. The combination of LUS and echocardiography allowed discriminating those mice that develop HF from those that do not, even in the presence of evident cardiac dysfunction. The study showed that LUS can be used to identify the onset of HF decompensation and to evaluate the efficacy of therapies for this syndrome.This novel approach in mouse models of cardiac disease enables for the first time to adequately diagnose HF non-invasively in mice with preserved or reduced ejection fraction, and will pave the way to a better understanding of HF and to the development of new therapeutic approaches.
Origin and Evolution of the Bartonella Gene Transfer Agent
Authors: Daniel Tamarit, Minna-Maria Neuvonen, Philipp Engel, Lionel Guy, Siv G E Andersson
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2017)

Gene transfer agents (GTAs) are domesticated bacteriophages that have evolved into molecular machines for the transfer of bacterial DNA. Despite their widespread nature and their biological implications, the mechanisms and selective forces that drive the emergence of GTAs are still poorly understood. Two GTAs have been identified in the Alphaproteobacteria: the RcGTA, which is widely distributed in a broad range of species; and the BaGTA, which has a restricted host range that includes vector-borne intracellular bacteria of the genus Bartonella. The RcGTA packages chromosomal DNA randomly, whereas the BaGTA particles contain a relatively higher fraction of genes for host interaction factors that are amplified from a nearby phage-derived origin of replication. In this study, we compare the BaGTA genes with homologous bacteriophage genes identified in the genomes of Bartonella species and close relatives. Unlike the BaGTA, the prophage genes are neither present in all species, nor inserted into homologous genomic sites. Phylogenetic inferences and substitution frequency analyses confirm codivergence of the BaGTA with the host genome, as opposed to multiple integration and recombination events in the prophages. Furthermore, the organization of segments flanking the BaGTA differs from that of the prophages by a few rearrangement events, which have abolished the normal coordination between phage genome replication and phage gene expression. Based on the results of our comparative analysis, we propose a model for how a prophage may be transformed into a GTA that transfers amplified bacterial DNA segments.
Evaluation of prevalence, number, and temporal changes of circulating tumor cells as assessed after 2 and 5 years of follow-up in patients with early breast cancer in the SUCCESS A study.
Authors: Emanuel C. A. Bauer, Julia Katharina Neugebauer, Ulrich Andergassen, Bernadette Jaeger, Julia Kathrin Jueckstock, Peter A. Fasching, Lothar Haeberle, Thomas W. P. Friedl, Iris Schrader, Andreas Lorenz, Hans Tesch, Mahdi Rezai, Elisabeth Thurner-Herrmanns, Andreas Schneeweiss, Matthias W. Beckmann, Klaus Pantel, Wolfgang Janni, Brigitte Kathrin Rack
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

11042 Background: Recent studies revealed that temporal changes in circulating tumor cells (CTC) prevalence assessed before and immediately after adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) might indicate treatment response in early breast cancer (EBC). However, there is limited knowledge on CTC status one or more years after chemotherapy treatment. Here we present descriptive data on CTC status prospectively evaluated 2 and 5 years after primary diagnosis in the German SUCCESS A study. Methods: The SUCCESS A trial is a large, randomized, open-label, 2x2 factorial design Phase III study comparing disease free survival (DFS) in patients with EBC treated with 3 cycles of Epirubicin-Fluorouracil-Cyclophosphamide (FEC) followed by either 3 cycles of Docetaxel (D) or 3 cycles of Gemcitabine-Docetaxel (DG), and comparing DFS in patients treated with 2 years or 5 years of Zoledronate. CTC status at various time points was assessed using the FDA-approved CellSearch System (Veridex, USA). Results: Data on CTC status both at 2 years and at 5 years after primary diagnosis were available for 983 (26.2%) out of 3754 randomized patients. After 2 and 5 years, CTCs were found in 132 (13.4%; median 1; range 1 – 99) and 88 (9.0%; median 1; range 1 – 60) patients, respectively. The majority of patients (n = 779; 79.2%) had no CTCs at any of the two time points. CTCs were found at 2 years but not at 5 years after primary diagnosis in 116 (11.8%) patients, at 5 years but not at 2 years of follow-up in 72 (7.3%) patients, and both at 2 and at 5 years of follow-up in 16 (1.6%) patients. Conclusions: CTCs in peripheral blood were detected in a subset of early breast cancer patients without relapse up to five years after primary diagnosis. These CTCs may indicate the presence of occult “dormant” micrometastases.
Dabigatran Compared With Rivaroxaban vs Warfarin
Authors: Janice B. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Impact of Dose-Difference in Comparator Arms Among Clinical Trials on Treatment Effect Size in a Network Meta-Analysis: A Case of First-Line Therapies in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Authors: Mkaya Mwamburi, Vasudha Bal, Teresa Cascella, Anshul Shah, Merena Nanavaty, Smeet Gala
Journal: Blood (2016)
Neuroendocrine Host Factors and Inflammatory Disease Susceptibility
Authors: Sophie Ligier, Esther M. Sternberg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

The etiology of autoimmune diseases is multifactorial, resulting from a combination of genetically predetermined host characteristics and environmental exposures.As the term autoimmune implies, immune dysfunction and dysregulated self-tolerance are key elements in the pathophysiology of all these diseases.The neuroendocrine and sympathetic nervous systems are increasingly recognized as modulators of the immune response at the levels of both early inflammation and specific immunity.As such, alterations in their response represent a potential mechanism by which pathologic autoimmunity may develop.Animal models of autoimmune diseases show pre-existing changes in neuroendocrine responses to a variety of stimuli, and both animal and human studies have shown altered stress responses in the setting of active immune activation.The potential role of the neuroendocrine system in linking environmental exposures and autoimmune diseases is 2-fold.First, it may represent a direct target for toxic compounds.Second, its inadequate function may result in the inappropriate response of the immune system to an environmental agent with immunogenic properties.This article reviews the relationship between autoimmune diseases and the neuroendocrine system and discusses the difficulties and pitfalls of investigating a physiologic response that is sensitive to such a multiplicity of environmental exposures.
Birth Control in a Midwestern City
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The AGES-Reykjavik study atlases: Non-linear multi-spectral template and atlases for studies of the ageing brain
Authors: Lars Forsberg, Sigurdur Sigurdsson, Jesper Fredriksson, Asdis Egilsdottir, Bryndis Oskarsdottir, Olafur Kjartansson, Mark A. van Buchem, Lenore J. Launer, Vilmundur Gudnason, Alex Zijdenbos
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2017)
Erratum: 'Evaluating quality of care for patients with heart failure' (Circulation (2000) 101 (e122-e140))
Authors: H. M. Krumholz, D. W. Baker, C. M. Ashton, S. B. Dunbar, G. C. Friesinger, E. P. Havranek, M. A. Hlatky, M. Konstam, D. L. Ordin, Ileana L. Pina, B. Pitt, J. A. Spertus
Journal: Circulation (2000)
Late effects in children treated for Wilms tumor at a single center in Brazil.
Authors: Monica Cypriano, Angela Maria Spinola Castro, Eliana Maria Monteiro Caran, Adriana Aparecida Siviero-Miachon, Arnaldo Luiz Pires, Antonio Sergio Petrilli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e21034 Background: Over 80% of patients with Wilms tumor (WT) can be cured from their disease, most of them with minimal late effects; nonetheless, patients with advance stage tumor, unfavorable histology or disease relapse are at increased risk of long-term complications. The purpose of this study was to assess late effects including renal dysfunction, cardiomyopathy, musculoskeletal deformities, puberal problems, infertility and second neoplasm in WT survivors in a 20 year period. Methods: Patients were divided in two groups: those treated from 1991 to 2001, on the Brazilian Cooperative Group Protocol (GCBTTW) (group 1), and those treated from 2002 to 2011, on the International Society of Pediatric Oncology Protocol (SIOP) (Group 2). Were reviewed the medical charts, performed a full physical exam (vital signs, anthropometric measurements, body composition, puberal development and musculoskeletal deformities), evaluated renal (glomerular filtration rate) and cardiac function (echocardiogram and electrocardiogram). Results: Initial treatment was different between the two groups: GCBTTW indicated initial surgery and SIOP preoperative chemotherapy. Intraoperative tumor rupture, abdominal radiation and use of doxorubicin were more common in group 1. Seventy-nine patients underwent a complete evaluation: 32 from group 1 and 47 from group 2. No differences between the groups were noted regarding weight and BMI z-scores, abdominal fat, musculoskeletal deformities, pubertal development, cardiomyopathy or renal dysfunction. Group 1 patients had shorter standing height and sitting height than group 2. Radiation affected the growth in both groups; however, this effect was statistically worse in group 1 patients, who had already reached their final height. Hypertension (29.1%) was the most common late effect, followed by reduction of the glomerular filtration rate (26.6%), musculoskeletal deformities (24.1%), cardiac (21.9%) and pubertal abnormalities (2.5%). Conclusions: at least one late effect was found in 63.3% patients; 39.2% presented only one complication; 20.3% two and 3.8% three. Despite high cure rates, long-term follow-up is required in WT survivors.
Absorption profile, safety, and tolerability of a 200 μg dose of fentanyl buccal tablet (FBT) in opioid-tolerant cancer patients with or without oral mucositis
Authors: L. Shaiova, J. G. Jiang, M. Darwish
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

9053 Background: Fentanyl buccal tablet (FBT) is an effervescent formulation of fentanyl indicated for the management of breakthough pain in opioid-tolerant cancer patients. This open-label study investigated the absorption profile, safety, and tolerability of FBT in cancer patients with or without oral mucositis. Methods: Patients self-administered a single 200 μg dose of FBT. Pharmacokinetic assessments, oral mucosal examinations, and measurements of vital signs were performed at intervals of up to 8 hours following FBT placement. Adverse events (AEs) were monitored throughout the study. Results: 16 patients (8 with, 8 without mucositis) received FBT and completed the study. Mucositis was mild (functional/symptomatic grade 1 for 7 patients, grade 2 for 1 patient; clinical grade 1 for all patients). The absorption profile of FBT was similar in patients with and without mucositis. Mean±SD C max values were 1.25±0.78 ng/mL and 1.24±0.77 ng/mL in patients with or without mucositis, respectively. Maximum plasma concentrations of fentanyl were achieved rapidly, and were not significantly different in the two groups: median (range) t max 25.0 (15.0–45.0) min in patients with mucositis, 22.5 (10.0–121.0) min in patients without (p=0.79). FBT was well tolerated; 4 patients experienced =1 treatment-emergent AE. Dizziness (mild) was reported by 1 patient in each group, and resolved. One patient in each group experienced a treatment-related AE (dizziness). There were no deaths, serious AEs, or withdrawals due to AEs. No application site AEs or changes in oral mucosal assessments were reported. Conclusions: The absorption profile of FBT was similar in patients with or without oral mucositis, which suggests that dose adjustment of FBT is not required when mild oral mucositis is present. FBT was generally safe and well tolerated, and not associated with adverse changes in the oral mucosa. Further studies in patients with grade 3–4 mucositis are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Prognostic Impact of the New CLL-IPI Index in a Single Center CLL Spanish Cohort
Authors: Blanca Ferrer Lores, Blanca Navarro Cubells, Alicia Serrano Alcala, Ivan Castillo Martin, Anabel Teruel Casasus, Sandra Ballester Martinez, Ariadna Perez Martinez, Ana Mauricio Campos, Inmaculada Castillo Valero, Horacio Cano Gracia, Carlos Solano Vercet, María José Terol Casterá
Journal: Blood (2016)