tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reducing chronic disease through changes in food aid: A microsimulation of nutrition and cardiometabolic disease among Palestinian refugees in the Middle East
Authors: Sanjay Basu, John S. Yudkin, Seth A. Berkowitz, Mohammed Jawad, Christopher Millett
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2018)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease and have become leading causes of morbidity and mortality among Palestinian refugees in the Middle East, many of whom live in long-term settlements and receive grain-based food aid. The objective of this study was to estimate changes in type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality attributable to a transition from traditional food aid to either (i) a debit card restricted to food purchases, (ii) cash, or (iii) an alternative food parcel with less grain and more fruits and vegetables, each valued at $30/person/month.
N6-methyldeoxyadenosine directs nucleosome positioning in Tetrahymena DNA
Authors: Guan-Zheng Luo, Ziyang Hao, Liangzhi Luo, Mingren Shen, Daniela Sparvoli, Yuqing Zheng, Zijie Zhang, Xiaocheng Weng, Kai Chen, Qiang Cui, Aaron P. Turkewitz, Chuan He
Journal: Genome biology (2018)

N6-methyldeoxyadenosine (6mA or m6dA) was shown more than 40 years ago in simple eukaryotes. Recent studies revealed the presence of 6mA in more prevalent eukaryotes, even in vertebrates. However, functional characterizations have been limited. We use Tetrahymena thermophila as a model organism to examine the effects of 6mA on nucleosome positioning. Independent methods reveal the enrichment of 6mA near and after transcription start sites with a periodic pattern and anti-correlation relationship with the positions of nucleosomes. The distribution pattern can be recapitulated by in vitro nucleosome assembly on native Tetrahymena genomic DNA but not on DNA without 6mA. Model DNA containing artificially installed 6mA resists nucleosome assembling compared to unmodified DNA in vitro. Computational simulation indicates that 6mA increases dsDNA rigidity, which disfavors nucleosome wrapping. Knockout of a potential 6mA methyltransferase leads to a transcriptome-wide change of gene expression. These findings uncover a mechanism by which DNA 6mA assists to shape the nucleosome positioning and potentially affects gene expression.
First-Phase Ejection Fraction Is a Powerful Predictor of Adverse Events in Asymptomatic Patients With Aortic Stenosis and Preserved Total Ejection Fraction
Authors: Haotian Gu, Sahrai Saeed, Andrii Boguslavskyi, Gerald Carr-White, John B. Chambers, Phil Chowienczyk
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2018)
<i>Notes from the Field:</i> Multiple Modes of Transmission During a Thanksgiving Day Norovirus Outbreak — Tennessee, 2017
Authors: Julia Brennan, Steffany J. Cavallo, Katie Garman, Kailey Lewis, D.J. Irving, Christina Moore, Linda Thomas, Jeffrey Hill, Raquel Villegas, Joe F. Norman, John R. Dunn, William Schaffner, Timothy F. Jones
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

After a restaurant in Tennessee received 18 complaints of gastrointestinal illness from patrons dining there on Thanksgiving Day, November 23, 2017, the Tennessee Department of Health officials conducted an investigation. Thirty-six patrons eating at the restaurant that day were found to have confirmed or probable cases of norovirus, which could have been caused by an already infected patron.
Serum IgG N-glycans act as novel serum biomarkers of ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Jingrong Wang, Canjian Wang, Yong Liang, Hudan Pan, Zhihong Jiang, Zhanguo Li, Yuhui Li, Liangyong Xia, Wei Liu, Xiao Zhang, Zhilong Liu, Min Jiang, Ju Liu, Hua Zhou, Liang Liu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease with poorly defined aetiologies and no curative treatments. The average delay in the diagnosis of AS is 6–8 years.1 Human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) is a key laboratory marker for AS presenting in at least 90% of patients with AS.2 However, 63%–90% of patients with reactive arthritis3 and 19.2% of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA)4 are also positive for HLA-B27, indicating low specificity of HLA-B27. The risk of development of AS in an HLA-B27-positive individual is only 2%–10%,5 which suggests the limited value of HLA-B27 in supporting an AS diagnosis. Moreover, reported serum biomarkers for AS have generally exhibited low sensitivity or specificity6 (<60%). Novel serum biomarkers with high prediction capacity remain needed.

The changed IgG glycosylation in autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, as well as the broad roles for specific IgG glycoforms in maintaining immune homeostasis, have been well documented.7 8 However, specific glycan biomarkers on IgG for AS have not been fully identified. In our previous study, a specialised microfluidic titanium dioxide-porous graphitised carbon chip was developed; this approach enabled the quantification of low-abundance and trace acidic glycans that are often biologically …
The role of Insulin-like Growth Factor I Receptor (IGF-IR) in Trastuzumab resistance in breast cancer cells
Authors: Brigid C. Browne, Norma O’Donovan, Natarajan Venkatesan, Mark D. Pegram, Martin Clynes, Michael J. Duffy, John Crown, Dennis J. Slamon
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

1221  IGF-IR signaling interferes with the growth inhibitory action of Trastuzumab (Herceptin) in breast cancer cell lines and may play a role in conferring resistance to Trastuzumab treatment in patients. The aim of this study was to define the role of IGF-IR in Trastuzumab resistance. HER-2 and IGF-IR protein levels were determined by western blotting in twenty-four breast cancer cell lines. The anti-proliferative effect of Trastuzumab, on HER-2 positive breast cancer cell lines (including three HER-2 - transfected cell lines), was measured by cell counting and crystal violet assay. HER-2 and IGF-IR activity status were determined by immunoprecipitation with HER-2 and IGF-IR antibodies followed by western blotting with a phospho-tyrosine antibody. The effects of IGF-I/IGF-IR inhibition on proliferation and response to Trastuzumab were investigated. No significant correlation was observed between levels of HER-2 and response to Trastuzumab in ten HER-2 positive breast cancer cell lines. However, IGF-IR levels correlated with resistance to growth-inhibition by Trastuzumab in these ten cell lines. Phosphorylated IGF-IR was not detectable by western blot in any of these HER-2 positive cell lines. However, high levels of phosphorylated IGF-IR were detected in three Trastuzumab-conditioned cell lines (BT474-H, SKBR3-H and MDA-MB-361-H). The Trastuzumab-conditioned cell lines were treated with IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) or IGF-IR antibody αIR3 to block IGF-IR, but neither significantly inhibited the growth of the cells or enhanced the anti-proliferative effects of Trastuzumab. In conclusion, our results suggest that increased expression and/or activation of IGF-IR may play a role in response to Trastuzumab. Therefore, the combination of anti-IGF-IR therapy and Trastuzumab may be advantageous over Trastuzumab alone. Further in vitro investigation, however, is required to determine if anti-IGF-IR antibodies or specific IGF-IR tyrosine kinase inhibitors would be successful in overcoming IGF-IR-mediated Trastuzumab resistance.
The 2018 European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension and 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Blood Pressure Guidelines
Authors: Paul K. Whelton, Bryan Williams
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Establishment of a prospective multicenter cohort for advanced non-small cell lung cancer in China (CAPTRA-Lung study)
Authors: Y. Xu, L. Zhang, J. Fang, Z. Wang, J. li, L. Li, B. Ai, L. Nie, X. Mu, L. Liang, S. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Song, X. Song, Y. Wang, T. Xin, B. Jin, X. Wang, C. Ding, M. Wang
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Mutation status and targeted therapeutic efficacy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A real-world study of NSCLC in China (preCAPTRA-LUNG)
Authors: H. Liang, X. Song, Y. Zhang, S. Zhang, F. li, J. Fang, J. li, L. Liang, L. Nie, K. Ma, L. Zhang, X. Wang, W. Zhong, J. Zhao, Y. Xu, M. Chen, M. Wang
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Integrating research and system-wide practice in public health to enhance the evidence-base of interventions: lessons learnt from Better Start Bradford
Authors: Josie Dickerson, Philippa K Bird, Maria Bryant, Nimarta Dharni, Sally Bridges, Kathryn Willan, Sara Ahern, Abigail Dunn, Dea Nielsen, Eleonora P Uphoff, Tracey Bywater, Claudine Bowyer-Crane, Pinki Sahota, Neil Small, Michaela Howell, Gill Thornton, Kate E Pickett, Rosemary R C McEachan, John Wright
Journal: The Lancet (2018)
Neutrophil α-defensins promote thrombosis in vivo by altering fibrin formation, structure, and stability
Authors: Rami Abu-Fanne, Victoria Stepanova, Rustem I. Litvinov, Suhair Abdeen, Khalil Bdeir, Mohamed Higazi, Emad Maraga, Chandrasekaran Nagaswami, Alexander R. Mukhitov, John W. Weisel, Douglas B. Cines, Abd Al-Roof Higazi
Journal: Blood (2018)
Dynamic genome and transcriptional network‐based biomarkers and drugs: precision in breast cancer therapy
Authors: Ioannis D. Kyrochristos, Demosthenes E. Ziogas, Dimitrios H. Roukos
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2018)

Abstract Despite remarkable progress in medium‐term overall survival benefit in the adjuvant, neoadjuvant and metastatic settings, with multiple recent targeted drug approvals, acquired resistance, late relapse, and cancer‐related death rates remain challenging. Integrated technological systems have been developed to overcome these unmet needs. The characterization of structural and functional noncoding genome elements through next‐generation sequencing (NGS) systems, Hi‐C and CRISPR/Cas9, as well as computational models, allows for whole genome and transcriptome analysis. Rapid progress in large‐scale single‐biopsy genome analysis has identified several novel breast cancer driver genes and oncotargets. The exploration of spatiotemporal tumor evolution has returned exciting while inconclusive data on dynamic intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) through multiregional NGS and single‐cell DNA/RNA sequencing and circulating genomic subclones (cGSs) by serial circulating cell‐free DNA NGS to predict and overcome intrinsic and acquired therapeutic resistance. This review discusses reliable breast cancer genome analysis data and focuses on two major crucial perspectives. The validation of ITH, cGSs, and intrapatient genetic/genomic heterogeneity as predictive biomarkers, as well as the valid discovery of novel oncotargets within patient‐centric genomic trials, encouraging early drug development, could optimize primary and secondary therapeutic decision‐making. A longer‐term goal is to identify the individualized landscape of both coding and noncoding key mutations. This progress will enable the understanding of molecular mechanisms perturbating regulatory networks, shaping the pharmaceutical controllability of deregulated transcriptional biocircuits.
Abstract 17076: Prediction of Re-hospitalizaiton for Worsening Heart Failure in Patients Admitted for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure by ADMIRE-HF Risk Score: A Prospective Study
Authors: Iyo Ikeda, Takahisa Yamada, Takashi Morita, Yoshio Furukawa, Shunsuke Tamaki, Yusuke Iwasaki, Masato Kawasaki, Atsushi Kikuchi, Tsutomu Kawai, Masahiro Seo, Eiji Fukuhara, Makoto Abe, Jun Nakamura, Masatake Fukunami
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: ADMIRE-HF score is a novel risk score that combines clinical characteristics and MIBG imaging variables to predict serious arrhythmic risk in CHF patients (pts) with chronic heart failure. In pts admitted for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), re-hospitalization for worsening heart failure (re-WHF) after the discharge is associated with poor outcome. However, there is no information available on the prognostic value of ADMIRE-HF score for the prediction of re-WHF in ADHF pts. Methods and Results: We prospectively enrolled 215 consecutive pts admitted for ADHF and discharged with survival. MIBG imaging, echocardiography and blood sampling were performed at discharge. ADMIRE-HF score was derived from the sum of the point values of the following parameters: LVEF ( 140: -3 points), as previously reported. During a follow-up period of 1...
Response by Kumbhani et al to Letters Regarding Article, “Association Between Hospital Volume, Processes of Care, and Outcomes in Patients Admitted With Heart Failure: Insights From Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure”
Authors: Dharam J. Kumbhani, Gregg C. Fonarow, Paul A. Heidenreich, Phillip J. Schulte, Di Lu, Adrian Hernandez, Clyde Yancy, Deepak L. Bhatt
Journal: Circulation (2018)
Risk of Intimate Partner Homicide Among Caregivers in an Urban Children’s Hospital
Authors: Kimberly A. Randell, Jennifer Stallbaumer-Rouyer, Tiffany Adams, Megha Ramaswamy, M. Denise Dowd
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Given the high prevalence and lifelong negative outcomes of childhood exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV), the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that pediatricians assess and provide intervention for IPV. 1 Clinicians must ensure that methods for IPV screening and intervention maximize safety.Leaving an abusive partner increases the risk for intimate partner homicide (IPH) 2 ; children are also at significant risk for homicide in this context. 3Among patients disclosing IPV at an adult emergency department, 61% were at high risk for IPH; children in the home were associated with increased risk. 4To our knowledge, no studies to date examine risk of IPH among adults in pediatric health care settings.Methods | Caregivers disclosing IPV at our Midwestern urban children's hospital (Children's Mercy, Kansas City, Missouri) are offered referral to an IPV advocate.We analyzed deidentified data provided by our community IPV agency partner for caregivers meeting with an advocate from July 1, 2016, to June 30, 2017.Advocate assessment includes the 11-item Maryland Lethality Assessment Program (LAP) 5 and 4 additional questions about risk; caregiver responses assist safety planning.Clients are categorized as high risk for lethal IPV if they meet validated LAP scoring parameters (answering yes to any of items 1-3; ≥4 yes answers to items 4-11; Table 1).Basic demographics were provided.We used χ 2 and Fisher exact tests for exploratory analysis between subgroups.All P values were from 2-sided tests and results were deemed statistically significant at P < .05.
Abstract 15980: Regional Coronary Endothelial Function is Related to Coronary Wall Eccentricity on MRI
Authors: Allison Hays, Sahar Soleimanifard, Michael Schär, Angela Steinberg, Micaela Iantorno, Gary Gerstenblith, Matthias Stuber, Robert G Weiss
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Coronary endothelial function (CEF) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) varies among coronary segments in a given patient for reasons that are incompletely understood. Hypothesis: Because both plaque eccentricity and coronary endothelial dysfunction are associated with adverse outcomes, we used noninvasive MRI to test the hypothesis that local coronary endothelial dysfunction is associated with local plaque eccentricity. Methods: We studied 13 healthy subjects (mean age±SEM: 55±7 years) and 21 patients with known CAD or CAD risk factors (61±4 years). To measure CEF, 3T coronary MRI was performed before and during isometric hand-grip exercise (IHE), a known endothelial-dependent stressor and % coronary cross-sectional area (CSA) and % coronary flow velocity (CFV) changes were measured. Black blood imaging of the coronaries was performed at the same cross sectional plane to quantify mean coronary wall thickness (CWT) and coronary eccentricity index (EI=max wall thickness (WT)-min WT)/max WT). Results: The changes in stress-induced CSA and CFV were significantly higher in healthy subjects (11.0±4.9% and 32.2±10.6% respectively) than in patients (2.2±1.5%, 12.8±4.9%, p&lt;0.01 vs. healthy for both measures). Both mean CWT (1.11±0.06mm) and EI (0.47±0.2) were significantly lower in the healthy group than in the patients (CWT=1.59±0.07mm,p&lt;0.001; EI= 0.57±0.02,p=0.006 vs. healthy). In the patient group, we observed a strong inverse relationship between stress-induced %CSA change and EI (r 2 =0.65, p&lt;0.0001), but no significant relationship between %CFV change with stress and EI (r 2 =0.007,p=0.7). CWT was also significantly related to %CSA change (r 2 =0.47,p=0.002). Conclusion: We observed a strong inverse relationship between coronary endothelial macrovascular reactivity as measured by stress-induced %CSA change and the degree of coronary wall eccentricity in CAD patients. These findings indicate that an eccentric pattern of coronary wall remodeling is associated with abnormal local CEF, and therefore that anatomic and physiologic early indicators of coronary vascular pathology are closely related in atherosclerosis.
Adjuvant chemotherapy for premenopausal breast cancer: a meta-analysis using quality-adjusted survival
Authors: R D Gelber, B F Cole, A Goldhirsch, G Bonadonna, A Howell, C S McArdle, H T Mouridsen, R D Rubens, K Welvaart
Journal: Cancer Discovery (1995)

PURPOSE Adjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer has been shown to offer an improvement in recurrence-free and overall survival, especially for younger women, but the acute toxic effects of this treatment discourage some physicians from prescribing it. The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether the benefit of 6 months of adjuvant CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil) treatment outweighs its costs in terms of toxic effects. METHODS A meta-analysis of quality-adjusted survival was performed based on data from 1229 patients, aged 49 years or younger, randomized in eight trials comparing CMF versus no adjuvant systemic therapy. The eight trials were included in the worldwide overview conducted by the Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group. The Q-TWiST method was used in a meta-analysis that provided treatment comparisons incorporating differences in quality of life associated with the amount of time patients spend with subjective toxic effects, after relapse, and without symptoms of relapse. RESULTS Within 6 years of follow-up evaluation for patients with node-positive disease, the benefit in terms of increased relapse-free and overall survival balanced the costs in terms of acute toxic side effects. This was true even for the extreme case in which a zero value was assigned to all 6 months during which patients might receive adjuvant CMF chemotherapy. Within 10 years of follow-up evaluation, treated patients gained an average of 1.5 years of relapse-free survival time, almost 1 year of overall survival time, and 1 year of time without symptoms and toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Adjuvant chemotherapy for younger women with node-positive breast cancer provided substantial amounts of quality-adjusted survival time, even after accounting for costs associated with toxic effects of the treatment. The Q-TWiST method represents a valuable tool for comparing treatments because it incorporates patients' perceptions of their quality of life for therapeutic decision-making.
In vivo stability of supramolecular host–guest complexes monitored by dual-isotope multiplexing in a pre-targeting model of experimental liver radioembolization
Authors: Mick M. Welling, Silvia J. Spa, Danny M. van Willigen, Daphne D.D. Rietbergen, Meta Roestenberg, Tessa Buckle, Fijs W.B. van Leeuwen
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2018)
Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma- nasal type: Experience from an Indian regional cancer centre
Authors: S.C. Saldanha, K. Govind Babu, D. Lokanatha, L.A. Jacob, M.C. Suresh Babu, K.N. Lokesh, A.H. Rudresha, L.K. Rajeev, G.V. Giri, P. Khandare
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
The Effect of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents on Intraocular Pressure and Glaucoma
Authors: Ambika Hoguet, Philip P. Chen, Anna K. Junk, Prithvi Mruthyunjaya, Kouros Nouri-Mahdavi, Sunita Radhakrishnan, Hana L. Takusagawa, Teresa C. Chen
Journal: Ophthalmology (2018)
ACCF/ASNC/ACR/AHA/ASE/SCCT/SCMR/SNM 2009 Appropriate Use Criteria for Cardiac Radionuclide Imaging
Authors: Robert C. Hendel, Daniel S. Berman, Marcelo F. Di Carli, Paul A. Heidenreich, Robert E. Henkin, Patricia A. Pellikka, Gerald M. Pohost, Kim A. Williams
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Effects of deformation twinning on the mechanical properties of biodegradable Zn-Mg alloys
Authors: Shiyang Liu, Damon Kent, Nghiem Doan, Matthew Dargusch, Gui Wang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2018)

To satisfy the property requirements for biodegradable medical implants, Zn alloyed with low levels of Mg (≤0.8 wt%) has attracted increased research interest. In the present study, deformation twinning was observed in tensile tests and twinning appears to have an adverse impact on ductility. The profuse twinning in the as-cast Zn-Mg alloys accelerated crack growth in tension due to twinning impingement which caused local stress concentrations and initiates cracking. As-rolled Zn-Mg alloys have better ductility than their as-cast counterparts due to the inhibition of twinning by the refined Mg2Zn11 intermetallic phase and the finer grain size.
Elderly do benefit from induction chemotherapy: High dose mitoxantrone‐based (“5 + 1”) induction chemotherapy regimen in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Neeraj Y. Saini, Jan Cerny, Vanessa F. Furtado, Angela Desmond, Zheng Zhou, Glen Raffel, Imran Puthawala, Jayde Bednarik, Lindsey Shanahan, Patricia M. Miron, Bruce Woda, Muthalagu Ramanathan, Rajneesh Nath
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2018)

An intensive "5 + 1" regimen, which included bolus high dose cytarabine (HiDAC) at 3 g/m2 once daily over 3 hours on days 1-5 and high dose mitoxantrone (HDM) 80 mg/m2 on day 2, was evaluated in 101 consecutively treated newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients at a single center since 2009. The median age was 65 (range 18-90) years. The 4 and 8-week mortality in our cohort was 3/101 (2.9%) and 7/99 (7%), respectively. The overall response (complete remission [CR] + CRi) was 76.2% (77/101). The median overall survival (OS) stratified by age group <60, 60-69 and ≥70 years were 56, 31 and 9 months respectively (log-rank, P = 0.02). 51.7% (45/84) of patients with intermediate/adverse risk category proceeded to allogeneic stem cell transplants. Among these 84 patients, the percentage of patients able to proceed to transplant in age groups <60, 60-69, and ≥ 70 years were 75% (18/24), 60.7% (17/28), and 31.2% (10/32), respectively. In conclusion, HDM-based chemotherapy regimen produces high CR rates, is well tolerated and more patients can undergo curative postremission therapy including stem cell transplant.