tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P169: A Novel Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Inhibitor, Bendavia, Reduces Microvascular Obstruction (No-Reflow) due to Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in the Rabbit
Authors: Sharon L Hale, Wangde Dai, Robert A Kloner
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Background: The no-reflow phenomenon is an important detrimental component of reperfusion injury with clinical implications, as it is an independent predictor of outcome after myocardial infarction. Whether the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) is involved in vascular integrity and no-reflow post reperfusion is unknown. Therefore, we tested Bendavia, a compound that is known to inhibit the MPTP, for its effects on no-reflow. Methods: Anesthetized rabbits were subjected to 30 min coronary artery occlusion and 3 hrs reperfusion. Treated animals (n=49) received Bendavia (0.05 mg/kg/hr) after the onset of ischemia, 1, 10 or 20 min before reperfusion. Control animals (n=15) received saline. Risk zone was measured by Unisperse blue staining, anatomic no-reflow area using thioflavin S and necrosis by triphenyltetrazolium chloride. Results: The ischemic insult was similar in both groups (31% of left ventricle (LV) in Bendavia and 30% in control). Bendavia treatment resulted in a non-significant 11% reduction in necrosis, expressed as a percentage of the risk zone. However for any given risk zone size, no-reflow was significantly reduced by Bendavia, as there was a significant group effect on the relationship between the extent of the no-reflow zone and that of the risk zone (ANCOVA, p = 0.0085). Overall, the no-reflow zone, expressed as a % of the risk zone was 22 ± 2% in treated hearts vs. 28 ± 3% in controls (p=0.07). In hearts with less severe risk zones (below the mean value of 31% of LV), Bendavia treatment significantly reduced the no-reflow zone by 35% (17±2 vs. 26±4% of risk zone, p &lt;0.05); in hearts with large risk zone, Bendavia non-significantly reduced no-reflow by 17%. Bendavia treatment had no effect on hemodynamic parameters or regional myocardial blood flow during the ischemic period. Conclusion: These data suggest that the MPTP may play a role in the pathophysiology of no-reflow after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. Bendavia reduced the extent of the no-reflow zone for any given risk zone size, suggesting that it helped prevent microvascular obstruction.
Prognostic Value of NCCN-IPI and Interim PET/CT Based on Visual Assessment in the Treatment of Peripheral T Cell Lymphomas
Authors: Seo-Yeon Ahn, Ho-Young Yhim, Young Rok Do, Sung-Hoon Jung, Jae-Sook Ahn, Yeo-Kyeoung Kim, Jung-Joon Min, Jae-Yong Kwak, Je-Jung Lee, Hyeoung-Joon Kim, Deok-Hwan Yang
Journal: Blood (2016)
Medical education in the United States 1971-1972
Authors: W S Lowry
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
4-Dimensionally Guided 3-Dimensional Color-Doppler Ultrasonography Quantifies Carotid Artery Stenosis With High Reproducibility and Accuracy
Authors: Roland Richard Macharzina, Sascha Kocher, Steven R Messé, Thomas Rutkowski, Fabian Hoffmann, Matthias Vogt, Werner Vach, Nian Fan, Aljoscha Rastan, Franz-Josef Neumann, Thomas Zeller
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2017)
Omalizumab treatment in patients with chronic inducible urticaria: A systematic review of published evidence
Authors: Marcus Maurer, Martin Metz, Randolf Brehler, Uwe Hillen, Thilo Jakob, Vera Mahler, Claudia Pföhler, Petra Staubach, Regina Treudler, Bettina Wedi, Markus Magerl
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)
Abstract P048: Risk Factors for Severe Hypoglycemia Differ in Black and White Older Adults With Diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Alexandra K Lee, Bethany Warren, Clare J Lee, Elbert S Huang, A. Richey Sharrett, Josef Coresh, Elizabeth Selvin
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Blacks with diabetes have roughly twice the rate of severe hypoglycemia compared to whites with diabetes; it is unclear whether hypoglycemia risk factors identified in studies of white participants are similarly associated with hypoglycemia in blacks. Methods: We included ARIC participants aged 65+ at Visit 4 (1996-1998) who had Medicare fee-for-service Part B and diagnosed diabetes. We identified severe hypoglycemic events through 2013 using ICD-9 codes from hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and ambulance services. We evaluated previously identified risk factors: age, sex, chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes medication use, obesity, cognition, glycemic control, and number of comorbidities. We stratified Cox proportional hazards models by race and used Harrell’s C-statistic to compare discrimination. Results: There were 33 hypoglycemic events in 135 black participants and 43 hypoglycemic events in 319 white participants (incidence rate 2.8 vs. 1.5 per 100 person-years, p&lt;0.01). Most risk factors had similar associations with risk of hypoglycemia in blacks and whites, with some notable exceptions. Obesity was associated with greater risk in blacks but not whites ( Table ). CKD was more strongly associated with risk in blacks than whites. Type of diabetes medication was associated with risk in whites but not in blacks. The C-statistic suggested better model discrimination in whites (C=0.795) than in blacks (C=0.759), but confidence intervals were wide. Conclusion: The direction and strength of risk factors for hypoglycemia may differ for blacks and whites. It is unclear why the relative importance of risk factors for hypoglycemia differ between whites and blacks. These data suggest that the mechanism by which CKD influences hypoglycemia risk may be decreased renal gluconeogenesis in blacks and reduced insulin clearance in whites. Additional research is needed to understand those factors that contribute to hypoglycemia risk in blacks and may underlie health disparities.
A prospective analysis of hypofractionated stereotactic body radiosurgery for the treatment of adrenal metastases.
Authors: Ariel J. Lederman, Alyson M. Kil, Mordechai Loksen, Thomas Lowinger, Tushar Parashar, Daniel Izon, Gilbert S. Lederman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e15619 Background: Hypofractionated Stereotactic Body Radiosurgery (HFSR) is a non-invasive focused beam technique delivering high dose radiation to extracranial cancers. We analyzed the use of HFSR as a treatment for adrenal metastases. Methods: 49 adrenal metastases were treated in 45 patients during a 74 month period. 61% of metastases were from a lung cancer origin. All the patients were evaluated prospectively before and after treatment. Age ranged from 42 to 78 years (mean 60.6) with 19 females and 26 males. 75% of patients had prior chemotherapy. Tumor volumes ranged from 2.3 to 892 cc (mean 116.35 cc). Patients were treated with 500-900 cGy (median 800) in 5-8 fractions (median 5) for a total dose of 2500-4500 cGy (median 4000). Cancers were radiographically evaluated with contrast CT and/or MRI studies and reviewed independently by radiologists. Control of the treated cancer is defined as cessation of growth, shrinkage or disappearance of the cancer after treatment. Results: Follow up ranged from 1 to 54 months (mean 10.4). Overall control rate was 88%. For tumors < 116.35cc there was an 87% control rate, and a 91% control rate for tumors ≥ 116.35cc. For tumors receiving < 4000 cGy there was an 80% control rate compared to 93% for adrenal metastases that received ≥ 4000 cGy. Of the tumors treated with ≥ 4000 cGy, the control rate for those < 116.35cc was 91%, and 100% for metastases ≥ 116.35. Adrenal metastases from lung cancer had an 83% control rate, while those from non-lung primaries had a 95% control rate. Conclusions: HFSR for adrenal metastases offers a generally well-tolerated, non-invasive method with a high rate of tumor control. A larger patient group may show a dose-response relationship, as is suggested in this study. Patients will continue to be evaluated to provide longer follow up, possible benefits of local control and potential survival advantage. HFSR for adrenal metastases remains an option for those whom standard approaches have not produced desired results or in patients seeking a non-surgical, non-chemotherapeutic treatment.
Comment on Nachum et al. Glyburide Versus Metformin and Their Combination for the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Study. Diabetes Care 2017;40:332–337
Authors: Linda A. Barbour, Jill K. Davies
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

Given the increasing popularity of oral agents, we commend Nachum et al. (1) on their randomized controlled trial examining metformin or glyburide as a first-line agent to treat gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and adding or switching to the alternate agent for adverse events or failures. However, we question whether the study design and conclusions can be generalized to many GDM populations.

First, a GDM diagnosis was made at <24 weeks in 27 of 104 patients, suggesting impaired glucose tolerance predating the pregnancy in ∼25%. An early GDM diagnosis increased the risk of failing glyburide by about eightfold in our series (2). A recent cohort also demonstrated that pregnancies with GDM diagnosed …
Managing Uncertainty — Harnessing the Power of Scenario Planning
Authors: Margaret L. Schwarze, Lauren J. Taylor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Interview with Dr. Margaret (Gretchen) Schwarze on how physicians can use scenario planning to facilitate informed decision making. (08:46)Download Scenario planning permits physicians to say, “If all goes well, this is what is likely to follow, and if things go poorly, this is what we can expect.” It helps patients appreciate causal relationships and imagine a range of outcomes more realistically.
Validation of the 12-Gene Predictive Signature for Adjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Lung Cancer
Authors: Y. Xie, W. Lu, S. Wang, X. Tang, H. Tang, Y. Zhou, C. Moran, C. Behrens, J. Roth, D. Johnson, S. Swisher, J. Heymach, V. Papadimitrakopoulou, G. Xiao, J. Minna, I. Wistuba
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Sialylation of IgG antibodies inhibits IgG-mediated allergic reactions
Authors: Alexandra Epp, Juliane Hobusch, Yannic C. Bartsch, Janina Petry, Gina-Maria Lilienthal, Carolien A.M. Koeleman, Simon Eschweiler, Christian Möbs, Ashley Hall, Suzanne C. Morris, Dominique Braumann, Christine Engellenner, Josephine Bitterling, Johann Rahmöller, Alexei Leliavski, Robina Thurmann, Mattias Collin, Kelley W. Moremen, Richard T. Strait, Véronique Blanchard, Arnd Petersen, Timo Gemoll, Jens K. Habermann, Frank Petersen, Andreas Nandy, Helga Kahlert, Michael Hertl, Manfred Wuhrer, Wolfgang Pfützner, Uta Jappe, Fred D. Finkelman, Marc Ehlers
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)
Use of Genomic Information to Predict Treatment Response in Multiple Myeloma Patients By Computational Mapping of Protein Network Disturbances
Authors: Leylah Drusbosky, Mark A Fiala, Justin A King, Ravi Vij, Shireen Vali, Taher Abbasi, Neeraj Kumar Singh, Ansu Kumar, Saji Gera, Christopher R. Cogle
Journal: Blood (2016)
Esterase Activity of Blood Serum of Four Strains of Mice
Authors: Michael B. Shimkin, Jesse P. Greenstein, Howard B. Andervont
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1944)

Journal Article Esterase Activity of Blood Serum of Four Strains of Mice Get access Michael B. Shimkin, Michael B. Shimkin surgeon National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jesse P. Greenstein, Jesse P. Greenstein senior biochemist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Howard B. Andervont Howard B. Andervont principal biologist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 5, Issue 1, August 1944, Pages 29–30, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/5.1.29 Published: 01 August 1944
Final results from a phase III trial evaluating panitumumab (pmab) + best supportive care (BSC) vs BSC in chemorefractory wild-type (WT) <i>KRAS</i> exon 2 and WT <i>RAS</i> metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Authors: Tae Won Kim, Anneli Elme, Zvonko Kusic, Joon Oh Park, Anghel Adrian Udrea, Sun Young Kim, Joong Bae Ahn, Ricardo Villalobos Valencia, Krishnan Srinivasan, Ante Bilic, Nebojsa Manojlovic, Jun Dong, Xuesong Guan, Catherine Lofton-Day, A. Scott Jung, Eduard Vrdoljak
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

3536 Background: In the primary analysis of study 20100007, pmab + BSC significantly improved OS and PFS vs BSC in WT KRAS exon 2 mCRC and, in the first prospective phase 3 study, WT RAS (exons 2, 3, 4 of KRAS and NRAS) mCRC. We report the final analysis and evaluate BRAF status from study 20100007. Methods: Anti-EGFR naïve patients (pts) with WT KRAS exon 2 mCRC were randomized 1:1 to pmab + BSC or BSC. On-study crossover was prohibited. KRAS exon 2 and RAS status were assessed centrally. The primary endpoint was OS in WT KRAS exon 2 mCRC; secondary endpoints were OS in WT RAS mCRC and PFS and safety in both WT populations. Pts were followed for survival for ≥2 years after the last pt was randomized and a final analysis conducted. Results: 377 pts with WT KRAS exon 2 mCRC were enrolled; 84% had died at the final analysis (72% in the primary analysis). RAS ascertainment was 86%, BRAF was 84%. Pmab + BSC significantly improved OS and PFS vs BSC in WT KRAS exon 2 and WT RAS mCRC (See Table). No OS benefit was seen in mutant (MT) RAS mCRC with pmab (HR=1.09; 95% CI=0.56–2.16; P=0.80). BRAF mutations (descriptive analysis) were associated with poor prognosis (BSC; WT BRAF [n=142] vs MT BRAF [n=11], HR=0.33; 95% CI=0.16−0.65). No new toxicities were seen. Conclusions: Pmab significantly improved OS and PFS in chemorefractory WT KRAS exon 2 and WT RAS mCRC vs BSC, validating the importance of RAS testing at diagnosis. BRAF mutations appeared to be prognostic. Clinical trial information: NCT01412957. Pmab + BSC BSC HR (95% CI) P Value WT KRAS exon 2, n 189 188 Median OS, mo (95% CI) 10.0 (8.7–11.3) 7.4 (5.8–9.3) 0.74 (0.59–0.93) 0.009 Median PFS, mo (95% CI) 3.6 (3.4–5.3) 1.7 (1.6–1.9) 0.54 (0.43–0.67) <0.001 WT RAS, n 142 128 Median OS, mo (95% CI) 10.0 (8.7–11.6) 6.9 (5.2–7.9) 0.72 (0.55–0.94) 0.015 Median PFS, mo (95% CI) 5.2 (3.5–5.3) 1.7 (1.6–2.2) 0.45 (0.35–0.59) <0.001 WT RAS/WT BRAF, n 128 114 Median OS, mo (95% CI) 10.2 (8.7-11.7) 7.4 (5.7-10.0) 0.75 (0.57-0.99) 0.044 Median PFS, mo (95% CI) 5.3 (3.6-5.4) 1.8 (1.6-2.6) 0.45 (0.34-0.60) <0.001 WT RAS/MT BRAF, n 9 11 Median OS, mo (95% CI) 4.1 (3.8-13.9) 3.0 (1.3-4.1) 0.39 (0.10-1.51) 0.160 Median PFS, mo (95% CI) 1.5 (0.8-3.7) 1.3 (0.9-1.8) 0.28 (0.07-1.08) 0.050 HR = hazard ratio
The Drug Rediscovery Protocol (DRUP).
Authors: Daphne Liselotte Van Der Velden, Lisanne C. Hamming, Henk M.W. Verheul, Haiko Bloemendal, Katrien Grunberg, Alwin Huitema, Pieternella J. Lugtenburg, Filip Yves Francine Leon De Vos, Hans Gelderblom, Emile E. Voest
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

2547 Background: Bringing precision medicine to cancer patients remains a challenge. For many cancers, the relative contribution of tumor type, mutations or CNV to drug sensitivity remains unknown. In addition, drug access is generally limited to the labeled indication, bypassing rarer disease subgroups for which large trials are not feasible. An innovative trial that facilitates drug access, whilst systematically analyzing treatment outcomes and biomarkers, could help overcome these challenges. Methods: We designed a prospective, non randomized clinical trial in which patients with advanced cancer are treated with targeted or immunotherapy matched to their tumor profile, defined by genetic aberration, microsatellite instability (MSI) or high mutational load (HML). Upon a mandatory pre-treatment tumor biopsy for biomarker research, patients are enrolled in multiple parallel cohorts, each defined by study drug, histologic tumor type and molecular tumor profile. Efficacy is analyzed per cohort, enrolling 8 patients in stage I and 16 more in stage II if ≥1 response is observed in stage I. Study endpoints include objective tumor response (CR or PR), stable disease (SD) at 16 weeks and grade≥3 adverse events. The DRUP is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02925234). Results: Since start of recruitment in Sep 2016, 76 patients have been submitted for review (mean per month 15, range 8-17) and 16 (21%) have started treatment in 10 different cohorts, directed at either ATM (n = 1; breast cancer), BRAF (n = 2; salivary duct carcinoma and ACUP), BRCA (n = 1; breast cancer), ERBB2 (n = 2; CRC), HML (n = 2; prostate and CRC), MSI (n = 5; CRC, GBM and urothelial carcinoma), RET (n = 1; NSCLC) or RAS-RAF wt (n = 2; SCC and sarcoma). Out of the 7 patients for whom response evaluation is available, PR (n = 2) or SD at 16 weeks (n = 1) was observed in 3 (43%). Thirteen study drugs (supplied by 6 pharmaceutical companies) are currently available, 6 more are expected soon. Conclusions: Execution of a nationwide multidrug precision oncology trial is feasible. It contributes to oncologists’ education on molecularly targeted therapies and to identification of early signs of activity in rare cancer subsets. Data sharing with similar studies such as TAPUR and CAPTUR will help to enlarge cohorts and affirm conclusions. Clinical trial information: NCT02925234.
Living-donor liver transplantation for giant hepatic hemangioma with diffuse hemangiomatosis in an adult: a case report
Authors: Ju Hyun Lee, Chang Jin Yoon, Young Hoon Kim, Ho-Seong Han, Jai Young Cho, Haeryoung Kim, Eun Sun Jang, Jin-Wook Kim, Sook-Hyang Jeong
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2017)

Hepatic hemangioma represents the most common benign primary hepatic neoplasm. Although most such tumors are small and asymptomatic, giant hepatic hemangioma is frequently symptomatic, and requires intervention. Moreover, diffuse multiple hepatic hemangiomatosis occupying almost the entire liver is extremely rare in adults, and the optimal management for this condition is unclear. We report a case of a rapidly growing, symptomatic giant hepatic hemangioma with diffuse hepatic hemangiomatosis in a 50-year-old female patient who was treated by living-donor liver transplantation. This case shows malignant behavior of a benign hemangioma that required liver transplantation. Although this case could not meet the criteria for transplantation according to the MELD (model for end-stage liver disease) score system, it should be considered as an exceptional indication for deceased-donor liver allocation. Further studies of the mechanism underlying hemangioma growth are warranted.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ROCK CLIMBING INJURIES TREATED IN UNITED STATES EMERGENCY DEPARTMENTS, 2006–2015
Authors: Lauren Pierpoint, Matt Klein, Rae Dawn Comstock
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background Rock climbing, an increasingly popular sport internationally, has become more accessible to broader populations with increasing numbers of climbing gyms and clubs. Even more participation should result from competitive climbing's inclusion in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Describing injury patterns among broad populations of climbers is a first step in developing recommendations for increasing the safety of both recreational and competitive climbers. Objective Describe incidence, characteristics, and trends of rock climbing injuries presenting to United States (US) emergency departments (EDs) from 2006–2015. Design Retrospective descriptive epidemiology. Setting US EDs. Patients Patients presenting with climbing injuries. Assessment of Risk Factors Case reports were obtained from a large national hospital surveillance system that included sample weighting factors enabling calculation of national estimates. Main Outcome Measurements Injury incidence and characteristics. Results An estimated 39,285 climbing injuries were treated in US EDs from 2006–2015; incidence increased by 36% during that period. The majority of injured climbers were male (70.0%) and aged 20–39 years (57.5%). Ankles (21.7%) and lower legs (16.0%) were the most commonly injured body parts. Fractures (28.4%) and sprains/strains (27.3%) were the most common diagnoses. Most common mechanisms included falls (73.0%) and acute non-contact (13.0%). Overall, 12.1% of injuries treated in the ED resulted in hospitalization. Males (OR=1.91, 95% CI=1.11–3.30) and climbers who fell &gt;20ft (OR=7.46, 95% CI=4.01–13.71) were more likely to be hospitalized than other injured climbers. Hospitalization was most frequent for fractures (66.6%) and head injuries (19.8%). Conclusions Climbing injury incidence increased over the past decade with young males most commonly injured. While lower limb injuries were the most commonly treated, head injuries accounted for nearly 20% of all hospitalizations. Such basic descriptive epidemiology studies characterizing injuries among broad populations of climbers can inform health care coverage decisions at competitions and drive future injury prevention efforts.
Abstract 348: A Novel Self Expanding Stent Technology for treatment of Aortic Aneurysms - Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Mark Arokiaraj
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Background: To investigate a novel self-expanding Nitinol stent model in treatment of aortic aneurysms. Methods: A novel large self-expanding Nitinol stent method was designed with strut thickness of 70µM x 70µM width and it was deployed in a virtual aneurysm model of 6cm wide x 6cm long fusiform hyper-elastic anisotropic model. At cell width of 9mm, there was no buckling of the deployed stent. The peak wall stress and stress-strain properties of the aortic aneurysm wall; and the adjacent normal segments of aorta were studied at various pressures with or without stent. The radial force of the stents was tested after parametric variations. A prototype 300µM x 150µM stent with cell width of 9mm was evaluated similarly for maximal stress distribution after embedding in the aortic wall and with a tissue overgrowth of 1mm over the stent. Results: The 300µM x 150µM stent reduced the peak wall stress by 70% in the aneurysm and 50% reduction in compliance after a tissue overgrowth of 1mm over the stent struts. Conclusions: There is potential for a novel Nitinol based self-expanding stent in the therapy of aortic aneurysms.