tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dosing of Etelcalcetide and Cinacalcet for Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Mary T. Thanh Hai, Jean-Marc Guettier, Curtis J. Rosebraugh
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Boosted protease inhibitor monotherapy versus boosted protease inhibitor plus lamivudine dual therapy as second-line maintenance treatment for HIV-1-infected patients in sub-Saharan Africa (ANRS12 286/MOBIDIP): a multicentre, randomised, parallel, open-label, superiority trial
Authors: Laura Ciaffi, Sinata Koulla-Shiro, Adrien Bruno Sawadogo, Cheik Tidiane Ndour, Sabrina Eymard-Duvernay, Pretty Rosereine Mbouyap, Liliane Ayangma, Jacques Zoungrana, Ndeye Fatou Ngom Gueye, Mohamadou Diallo, Suzanne Izard, Guillaume Bado, Coumba Toure Kane, Avelin Fobang Aghokeng, Martine Peeters, Pierre Marie Girard, Vincent Le Moing, Jacques Reynes, Eric Delaporte, J Reynes, E Delaporte, S Koulla-Shiro, CT Ndour, AB Sawadogo, M Seidy, V Le Moing, A Calmy, L Ciaffi, NF Ngom Gueye, PM Girard, S Eholie, JB Guiard-Schmid, ML Chaix, C Kouanfack, I Tita, B Bazin, P Garcia, V Le Moing, S Izard, S Eymard-Duvernay, L Ciaffi, M Peeters, L Serrano, A Cournil, E Delaporte, PR Mbouyap, R Toby, N Manga, L Ayangma, M Mpoudi, Ngole J Zoungrana, M Diallo, NF Ngom Gueye, AF Aghokeng, E Guichet, O Bell, H Abessolo Abessolo, MR Djoubgang, G Manirakiza, G Lamarre, T Mbarga, S Epanda, A Bikie, T Nke, N Massaha, E Nke, D Bikobo, J Olinga, O Elat, A Diop, B Diouf, N Bara, MB Koita Fall, C Toure Kane, FB Seck, S Ba, P Njantou, A Ndyaye, P Fao, R Traore, Y Sanou, G Bado, M Coulibaly, E Some, J Some, A Kambou, A Tapsoba, D Sombie, S Sanou, B Traore, P Flandre, C Michon, J Drabo, F Simon
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2017)
Effects of hyperoxia on dyspnoea and exercise endurance in fibrotic interstitial lung disease
Authors: Michele R. Schaeffer, Christopher J. Ryerson, Andrew H. Ramsook, Yannick Molgat-Seon, Sabrina S. Wilkie, Satvir S. Dhillon, Reid A. Mitchell, A. William Sheel, Nasreen Khalil, Pat G. Camp, Jordan A. Guenette
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Dyspnoea is a major source of distress and is the hallmark symptom of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Supplemental oxygen may alleviate dyspnoea by attenuating arterial oxygen desaturation, increasing oxygen delivery and reducing the drive to breathe; however, previous studies show conflicting results on the effectiveness of supplemental oxygen on dyspnoea and exercise performance in ILD [1–6]. Methodological factors in these studies likely led to underestimation of the potential magnitude of improvement, including an insufficient fraction of inspired oxygen ( F IO2) and/or the use of self-paced walking tests and incremental cycle tests rather than constant-load exercise protocols [3–8]. Dyspnoea was also either not evaluated or only evaluated at peak exercise [1, 3–6], which is insensitive to change compared to more clinically relevant submaximal exercise [8]. Finally, some studies were retrospective and did not include a blinded room-air exercise trial, making it difficult to rule out the potential placebo effect [4, 5]. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of hyperoxia on exercise endurance as well as the intensity and qualitative dimensions of exertional dyspnoea in patients with fibrotic ILD. Hyperoxia significantly improves exertional dyspnoea and exercise tolerance in patients with fibrotic ILD <http://ow.ly/WbHf309VwcM> Author contributions: All authors played a role in the content and writing of the manuscript. J.A. Guenette was the principal investigator and contributed the original idea for the study; M.R. Schaeffer, C.J. Ryerson, A.W. Sheel, N. Khalil, P.G. Camp and J.A. Guenette had input into the study design and conduct of the study; M.R. Schaeffer, C.J. Ryerson, A.H. Ramsook, Y. Molgat-Seon, S.S. Wilkie, R.A. Mitchell and S.S. Dhillon collected the data; and M.R. Schaeffer, C.J. Ryerson, A.H. Ramsook, S.S. Dhillon, R.A. Mitchell and J.A. Guenette performed data analysis.
Cardiovascular Outcomes and Antihypertensive Drug Treatment in Older Women—Reply
Journal: JAMA (2005)

To the Editor: The cohort study of cardiovascular outcomes and antihypertensive drug treatment by Dr Wassertheil-Smoller and colleagues used data from the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study. We have a number of concerns that we believe limit drawing conclusions from this study. First, relative to the study sample size, the number of incident events was small and therefore the study may not have had adequate power to detect the end points in each subgroup (Tables 4 and 5 in the original article). For example, among women receiving a calcium channel blocker (CCB) plus an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, only 8 cardiovascular deaths were reported. The P values for the overall comparison of therapies only reached borderline statistical significance for cardiovascular mortality, the outcome with the lowest annualized rates. Second, the confidence intervals reported for the hazard ratios in Tables 5 and 7 in the original article have not been adjusted for multiple comparisons, increasing the likelihood of a chance finding. Finally, the authors report the participants’ use of antihypertensive medications at baseline and in year 3 of follow-up, but did not account for changes in antihypertensive medications that likely occurred over time.
GPs call for ballot on mass closure of practice lists
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2017)

GPs have demanded that their leaders ballot the profession on the potential mass closure of practice lists in response to the current crisis facing general practice.

Representatives at the annual conference of local medical committees in Edinburgh on 18 and 19 May passed a motion condemning the failure of the rescue plan promised in NHS England’s General Practice Forward View to deliver “the resources necessary to sustain general practice.” In response, the motion demanded that the BMA’s General Practitioners Committee “ballot GPs as to whether they would be prepared to collectively close their lists in response to this crisis.”

After an electronic vote the motion was passed by 140 …
Development and validation of the HALT-HCC score to predict mortality in liver transplant recipients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Kazunari Sasaki, Daniel J Firl, Koji Hashimoto, Masato Fujiki, Teresa Diago-Uso, Cristiano Quintini, Bijan Eghtesad, John J Fung, Federico N Aucejo, Charles M Miller
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2017)
Novel Mutations in Patients with Blast Crisis or Accelerated Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Shady Adnan Awad, Matti Kankainen, Samuli Eldfors, Soili Kytölä, Pekka Ellonen, Mahmoud Kamel, Caroline A Heckman, Kimmo Porkka, Satu Mustjoki
Journal: Blood (2016)
Concurrent infection of pulmonary tuberculosis prolonged survival of lung cancer: A population cohort study.
Authors: Thomas Chang Yao Tsao, Jing-Yang Huang, Yung-Po Liaw, Ming-Fang Wu, Yi wen Huang, Shih-Ming Tsao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e18540 Background: Some reports that examined the relationship between concurrent infection of pulmonary TB (PTB) and lung cancer showed an increased survival rate. However, other reports showed not such correlation. This whole country-based cohort study explored whether coexisting PTB reduced the mortality rate amongst lung cancer patients. Methods: In a cohort of 18,064,618 insured subjects, aged 20 years and older, 32,473 patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer were identified from the universal insurance claims from 2002 to 2008 and tracked until 2012. These lung cancer patients were divided into three groups by association of their diagnosis of PTB in 2001 to 2010: gr.1= never, gr.2= yes, before diagnosis of lung cancer, gr.3= yes, within 1 year after diagnosis of lung cancer. We measured the correlation between each group and demographic features, co-morbidity, lung cancer stage, histological type or therapy. The associated hazard of mortality from lung cancer was also examined. Results: Gr.3 consisted of significantly more older (>60 years), male patients (p<0.0001). These patients were also significantly more commonly associated with hyperlipidemia (p=0.0003), diabetes mellitus (p=0.003), and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) (p<0.0001). Patients with squamous lung cancer had a significantly higher chance of newly diagnosed PTB (gr.3) than patient with adenocarcinoma (318/6993, 4.5% vs. 531/17288, 3.1%)). Gr.3 patients had received significantly more cancer-related treatment such as lung surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy (p<0.005 for all). Under the Cox Regression model, the significant risk factors for mortality included sex (male), age (>60 years), occupations (blue-collar, low income), histological type (squamous cell), and clinical stage. Gr.3 patients had significant lower mortality than gr2 and gr1 patients (if HR of gr1=1; gr2=1.042, gr3=0.853, p<0.0001). Conclusions: This study provides a compelling evidence of reduced lung cancer mortality among individuals with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (Gr.3). Lung cancer patient with coexisting COPD, hyperlipidemia or diabetes mellitus may have a higher risk of new concurrent infection of PTB.
Cannabinoids for Epilepsy — Real Data, at Last
Authors: Samuel F. Berkovic
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Medicinal cannabis is a hot-button issue in the treatment of epilepsy. The issue of its use is frequently raised in medical consultations, in the lay press, in social media, and at scientific meetings where the lack of hard data is disheartening. Anecdotal media reports of spectacular results, coupled with the allure of using a "natural" compound and long-held beliefs surrounding its recreational use, plus the fact that medicinal cannabis remains illegal in many jurisdictions, have conspired to make it extremely difficult for physicians to provide advice in this area. That it has been advocated particularly for desperately ill children adds . . .
Long-Term Follow-up after Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: Andreas R. Gruentzig, Spencer B. King, Maria Schlumpf, Walter Siegenthaler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

The first 169 patients in whom percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was performed have now been followed for five to eight years. The procedure was technically successful in 133 patients (79 percent). In the follow-up period, nine of the 133 patients died (five of cardiac disease), and actuarial cardiac survival was 96 percent at six years. All patients were symptomatic before angioplasty, but 67 percent of the 133 who had technically successful procedures were asymptomatic at the last follow-up evaluation. Exercise stress testing, positive in 97 percent before angioplasty, was positive at the last follow-up study in only 10 percent of the patients who had technically successful procedures. Stenosis recurred during the first six months in 30 percent of the patients, and six more recurrences were observed among the 41 patients who had follow-up angiograms at two to seven years. A second angioplasty was required in 27 patients, and coronary bypass surgery was subsequently needed in 19. Actuarial event-free survival (freedom from death, myocardial infarction, and coronary bypass surgery) was 79 percent at six years. Follow-up of patients with multivessel disease showed a higher mortality from cardiac causes and a lower rate of long-term success than occurred among patients with single-vessel disease. These long-term results indicate that most episodes of restenosis occurred within six months of angioplasty, but some late recurrences were seen. Patients with single-vessel disease had a better long-term outcome after angioplasty than those with multivessel disease.
Human agonistic anti-TRAIL receptor antibodies, HGS-ETR1 and HGS-ETR2, induce apoptosis in diverse hematological tumor lines
Authors: R. L. Johnson, X. Huang, M. Fiscella, C. Cole, L. Pukac, A. Von Kerczek, R. Humphreys, K. J. Grzegorzewski, G. Gallant, V. Albert
Journal: Blood (2003)
Primary tumor location found to impact prognosis and response to therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Mary Kay Barton
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2017)

Key Points Patients with mCRC with a left‐sided primary tumor carry a better prognosis than patients with tumors originating on the right side. Adding cetuximab to chemotherapy improves outcomes for patients with left‐sided tumors, but not for those with right‐sided ones. Side of origin should be considered when deciding on therapeutic regimens for patients with mCRC.
Authors’ reply to Hamilton
Authors: Akbar K Waljee, Mary A M Rogers, Brahmajee K Nallamothu
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Hamilton highlights important points.12 If the concern is that the patient has an underlying condition such as asthma, the self controlled case series (SCCS) design incorporates a within person comparison. So, if the patient had asthma for five years, this is held constant and is controlled for in the analysis. However, if the patient developed asthma after having been given the corticosteroids, having concurrent asthma was not an “indication” for prescribing the drug. The SCCS design is very powerful in controlling for underlying comorbidities (and interactions among comorbidities) in a patient. In addition, the pattern of adverse events persisted across the various indications for treatment, showing consistency regardless of …
MEDU-24. INSTRUMENTAL ROLE OF THE PHOTORECEPTOR PROGRAM IN GROUP 3 MEDULLOBLASTOMA THROUGH THE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NRL
Authors: Alexandra Garancher, Charles Lin, Morgane Morabito, Magalie Larcher, Nathalie Rocques, Catherine Miquel, Christine Habeler, Stephanie Puget, Olivier Ayrault, Robert Wechsler-Reya, Franck Bourdeaut, Alain Eychene, Paul Northcott, Celio Pouponnot
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood arising in the cerebellum. Although multimodal treatments have significantly increased the survival, 20–30% of patients remain incurable. Most of them belong to a poorly characterized MB subgroup, called group3, which expresses a retina photoreceptor-specific differentiation program. Cancer cells often express such differentiation programs unrelated to their tissue of origin. They likely result from cancer cell plasticity but are usually not thought to contribute to cancer progression. Accordingly, the functional relevance of this aberrant differentiation program to MB remains unknown. By analyzing group3 enhancers (Enh) and super-enhancers (SE), we identified key interconnected transcription factors of this subgroup, Among those, two lineage restricted transcription factors, NRL and CRX, are known to play key roles during retina development and in particular for photoreceptor specification. We identified a list of genes harboring a co-occurrence of NRL and CRX binding sites within Enh/SE, and displaying higher expression in group3. Interestingly, photoreceptors genes are enriched among this list. This analysis showed that NRL and CRX are important players in group3 MB and control the photoreceptor differentiation program. By loss-of-function experiments in cell lines and PDXs, we showed that NRL and CRX are absolutely required for MB growth in vitro and in vivo upon orthotopic grafting. We then confirmed that NRL controls the expression of photoreceptor genes in group3 MB and established that it protects MB from apoptosis. By ChIP experiments we identified one of its key target genes in this process: the anti-apoptotic BCL-XL gene. We confirmed its key role downstream of NRL by rescue experiments. Importantly, we established the potential of anti-BCL therapies in MB. In conclusion, we showed that the photoreceptor program is instrumental to MB through NRL and CRX and that the anti-BCL therapies could represent an alternative therapeutic strategy.
DIPG-25. IN VITRO AND IN VIVO ANALYSIS OF TENASCIN-C EXPRESSION IN PEDIATRIC BRAINSTEM GLIOMA
Authors: Jin Qi, Tina Huang, Rintaro Hashizume, Tadanori Tomita, C. David James, Amanda Saratsis
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

INTRODUCTION: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a highly morbid pediatric brainstem tumor. Tenascin-C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix protein associated with NOTCH pathway activation, and is expressed during normal brain development by oligodendroglial cells (OPCs), the purported DIPG cell of origin. We previously reported TNC overexpression in DIPG tissue and CSF, associated with Histone H3K27M mutation. We therefore investigated the pattern and effect of TNC expression using pediatric glioma primary cell lines. METHODS: To determine the molecular effects of altered TNC expression in DIPG in vitro, we evaluated endogenous TNC expression in DIPG cell lines (n=3) and compared to TNC suppression and over-expression via vector-mediated shRNA knockdown and cDNA amplification, respectively. Effects of genetic manipulations were confirmed by western blot and qPCR. Cell proliferation, migration and adhesion were compared, as well as patterns of gene expression (RNA-Seq) across cell lines. Luciferase-expressing DIPG cells modified with TNC shRNA were used to create mouse intracranial xenografts. Animal survival and tumor growth was compared between groups, and TNC expression confirmed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: shRNA knockdown achieved up to 80% reduction in TNC expression, inhibiting cell proliferation and migration on functional analysis compared to control DIPG lines. Distinct pathways of gene expression favoring dedifferentiation and stem-like state correlated with higher TNC expression. Anaylsis cDNA and in vivo studies is currently underway. CONCLUSIONS: Here, we report the pattern and effect of modulated TNC expression in pediatric brainstem glioma (DIPG). Our findings suggest TNC may play a role in cell proliferation, migration, and maintaining stem-ness, possibly contributing to brainstem gliomagenesis. Further in vitro and in vivo studies exploring the mechanism of overexpression and effects of targeting TNC expression in DIPG are planned.
Long-term impact of concussional head injury on cognitive functioning in retired australian rules footballers: a preliminary report of a 25-year follow-up
Authors: David Maddocks, Hannah Blaine, Philipa Inge, Paul McCrory, Michael Saling
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective the research involved a 25-year neuropsychological follow-up of an Australian Rules football (ARF) cohort studied originally by Maddocks and Saling (1996). The primary aim was to assess whether there is a long-term impact of concussional head injury on cognitive function. Method In addition to those tests originally administered (Digit Symbol Substitution Test; Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test; Four Choice Reaction Time), the California Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Victoria Stroop Test, and selected self-report functional health and well-being, and quality of life measures were used. Thirty former Australian Football League players, aged from 44-56 years ( M age =48.8 years), completed both the neuropsychological testing and psychosocial questionnaires. Main results Concussional history did not have an influence on cognitive or psychosocial functioning in this sample of retired ARF players. There was no evidence of deterioration in cognitive function across time. Irrespective of concussional history, age appeared to be an important contributor to subjective memory complaints, with older participants reporting greater memory concerns. Conclusions In this sample of retired ARF players no evidence of objective cognitive change was found over the time period in which CTE is said to evolve. This research shows, for the first time that long-term cognitive and psychosocial outcome in ARF players may be unrelated to career-long concussional history. Competing interests David Maddocks and Paul McCrory are members of the AFL Concussion Working Party. None.
AL amyloidosis patients with low amyloidogenic free light chain levels at first diagnosis have an excellent prognosis
Authors: Tobias Dittrich, Tilmann Bochtler, Christoph Kimmich, Natalia Becker, Anna Jauch, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Anthony D. Ho, Ute Hegenbart, Stefan O. Schönland
Journal: Blood (2017)
Insurance Coverage and Aid-in-Dying Medication Costs
Authors: David Grube, Ashley Cardenas
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal