tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 11806: Early, Intensive Atorvastatin Treatment Reduces First and Recurrent Hard Cardiovascular Events After Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Gregory G Schwartz, Rana Fayyad, David DeMicco, Michael Szarek, Anders G Olsson
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Early, intensive statin treatment is standard of care after acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but only one placebo (PBO)-controlled trial has demonstrated an early benefit of such treatment. In the Myocardial Ischemia Reduction with Aggressive Cholesterol Lowering (MIRACL) trial, the primary outcome of time to first occurrence of death, MI, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or hospitalization for unstable angina (UA) was reduced with atorvastatin (ATV) 80 mg/day, compared with PBO. However, this result was borderline significant (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.70-1.00, p=0.048) and driven largely by reduced UA, leading some to argue that early intensive statin treatment does not modify early “hard” events after ACS. On the other hand, the efficacy of an intervention after ACS is only partially accounted for by time to first event because patients may experience multiple events of similar importance, especially when competing risk for death is relatively low. Objective: In a post-hoc analysis of MIRACL, we evaluated the efficacy of ATV to reduce total (first and recurrent) hard cardiovascular events after ACS. Hard events were defined as death, MI, stroke, and resuscitated cardiac arrest. Methods: 3086 patients were randomly assigned to treatment with ATV or PBO, beginning 1-4 days after ACS and continuing for 16 weeks. Time to first event was assessed by Cox regression. Total events were analyzed by Cox regression with model-based variance estimation to determine correlation between events within a subject. Results: ATV did not significantly reduce time to first hard event (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.72-1.11, P=0.27), but did significantly reduce total hard events ( Table ). To prevent 1 hard event, only 10.6 patient-years of treatment with ATV were required. The HR for total events was minimally affected by inclusion or exclusion of UA. Conclusion: Intensive treatment with ATV reduces total hard events over 16 weeks following ACS, and is an efficient secondary prevention intervention.
COMBINED HEART AND KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION: IS THERE A PROTECTIVE EFFECT AGAINST CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT VASCULOPATHY USING INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND?
Authors: Takuma Sato, Richard Cheng, Babak Azarbal, Sadia Dimbil, Ryan Levine, Fardad Esmailian, Lawrence Czer, Jon Kobashigawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Clinical validation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as predictive biomarkers in localized and metastatic renal cell cancer (RCC).
Authors: Carmen Garrigos, Ana Salinas, Ricardo Melendez, Marta Espinosa, Iván Sánchez, Ignacio Osman, Rafael Medina, Miquel Taron, Ignacio Duran
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

588 Background: SNPs predictive of survival outcomes in patients (pts) with localized and metastatic RCC have been identified previously by us [Garrigós C et al, 2017]. Fifteen SNPs in 9 genes involved in angiogenesis and metabolism of antiangiogenics were recognized as predictive/prognostic in a cohort of 102 pts. The aim of the present study is to validate these associations in an independent cohort of RCC pts Methods: Genotyping was performed in DNA isolated from paraffin-embedded tumor samples from 87 pts with localized and metastatic RCC. DNA was extracted by a commercial kit (QiAGEN) and amplified with a specific primers pool for each SNP as determined by the manufacturer (Lifetech). The 15 SNPs were individually genotyped by Real time quantitative PCR with specific primers and Taqman probes (Lifetech). The presence of the selected SNPs was correlated with clinical features such as disease free survival (DFS), progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). SPSS v24 was used for statistical analysis. Results: In the localized pts (n = 66), Fuhrman grades 3-4 and stage T3-T4 significantly associated with DFS (p = 0.025 and p = 0.004, respectively). The presence of allele C of rs307826 (FLT4 gene) correlated with a greater chance of relapse (p = 0.025) and also with a shorter DFS (21 vs 35 months, p = 0.007). For the metastatic pts (n = 21), allele C of rs307826 (FLT4 gene) and allele A of rs9800958 (PRKAR1B) were linked with a shorter PFS [(8 vs 18 months, p = 0.036) and (8 vs 17 months, p = 0.043) respectively]. In the localized cohort, allele T of rs2227543 (IL8 gene) was associated with longer OS (14 vs 3 months, p = 0.039) while allele G of rs10013228 (KDR gene) linked with worse OS (4 vs 17 months, p = 0.063). Conclusions: This analysis comes to confirm our previous observations that certain genotypes could be used as prognostic/predictive factors in RCC. This is particularly important in an era where multiple treatment options are available for this disease.
Editorial announcement regarding title change of <i>Chinese Journal of Cancer</i> to <i>Cancer Communications</i>
Authors: Rui‐Hua Xu
Journal: Cancer Communications (2018)

On behalf of the editorial board, I am pleased to announce the title change of Chinese Journal of Cancer (Chin J Cancer, CJC; eISSN, 1944-446X) to Cancer Communications (Cancer Commun, CC; eISSN, 2523-3548). From March 2018, the journal will be published under the new title Cancer Communications with the same scope of publication as the former title. CJC was launched in 2010 as the official journal of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association (CACA) and the US Chinese Anti-Cancer Association (USCACA). Under its new name, Cancer Communications continues to be sponsored by Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center [1]. Cancer Communications, like its predecessor CJC has been since 2014, will be indexed in Medline/PubMed, PubMed Central, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Scopus, the Western Pacific Region Index Medicus, CA, and Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) continuously. With an international editorial board and science editors, our journal will continue to publish peer-reviewed, open access, and English-language scientific articles in the areas of basic, clinical, and translational cancer research that aim to improve human health through understanding cancer, preventing cancer onset, reducing cancer mortality, and improving the quality of life of cancer survivors worldwide [2]. Our journal emphasizes timely cancer issues, and under its previous title has published several thematic series such as air pollution and cancer [3], tumor metastasis [4], tumor angiogenesis [5], gastric cancer [6], and the 150 most important questions in cancer research and clinical oncology [7], among others. The impact of CJC in the international arena has been steadily increasing. We are very pleased to see that the historical impact of CJC has been markedly augmented in the world. The Journal Citation Report (JCR) Impact Factor (IF) of CJC increased from 2.814 in 2015 to 4.111 in 2016. We are grateful to all the editorial board members from all over the world for their contributions toward improving the journal and in selecting the new journal title. We especially want to thank all of our authors for contributing their wonderful work and all the reviewers for their professional and thoughtful input in helping the journal to achieve its high standards. The new title, Cancer Communications, is a new beginning. I hope that Cancer Communications will continue to make fundamental contributions to the field of cancer research and help to strengthen communication and collaboration among oncology researchers all over the world. The author read and approved the final manuscript. The author declares that he has no competing interests. Not applicable.
Social deprivation and prognosis in Scottish patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Katherine Pellino, Simon Kerridge, Colin Church, Andrew J. Peacock, Timothy Crowe, Geeshath Jayasekera, Martin K. Johnson, Alison M. MacKenzie
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

Several demographic and clinical factors have prognostic significance in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). Studies in China and the USA have suggested an association between low socioeconomic status and reduced survival. The impact of social deprivation on IPAH survival in the UK is not known. 280 patients with IPAH and hereditary PAH (HPAH) attending the Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit (Glasgow, UK) were assigned to social deprivation quintiles using the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation database. The association between survival and social deprivation quintile was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. The distribution of IPAH/HPAH patients was more socially deprived than would be expected based on Scottish citizenry as a whole (Chi-squared 16.16, p=0.003), suggesting referral and access to care is not impeded by socioeconomic status. Univariate analysis demonstrated no significant association between social deprivation and survival (p=0.81), and this association failed to reach significance with inclusion of time, sex and age as covariates in the model (p=0.23). There were no statistically significant correlations between social deprivation and baseline clinical variables of prognostic importance except for age, sex and quality of life. Social deprivation is not a significant referral barrier or prognostic factor for IPAH and HPAH in Scotland.
RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH AS AN INDEPENDENT PREDICTOR OF MORTALITY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION IN A LARGE, LONG-TERM COHORT
Authors: Yishay Szekely, Ariel Finkelstein, Naama Galli, Amir Halkin, Shmuel Bazan, Shmuel Banai, Yaron Arbel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Emergency medicine training posts will rise by 5.6% in 2014
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Health Education England (HEE) will increase the number of training posts in emergency medicine and general practice and decrease the number of core surgical training places next year.

On Tuesday, after approval from its board, HEE published its first workforce plan for England,1 setting out the investments it intends to make in education and training programmes that begin in September 2014. HEE local education and training boards are proposing 20 additional posts in acute care common stem (ACCS) core training in emergency medicine, a 5.6% increase.

HEE is working with the College of Emergency Medicine “to increase the number of entry points into ACCS training, in order to provide a larger pool of doctors able …
IMPACT OF SEX AND SMOKING ON CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE EXTENT AND SEVERITY BY CORONARY CT ANGIOGRAPHY: RESULTS FROM THE CONFIRM (CORONARY CT ANGIOGRAPHY EVALUATION FOR CLINICAL OUTCOMES: AN INTERNATIONAL MULTICENTER) REGISTRY
Authors: Brittany Katz, Aeshita Dwivedi, Stephan Achenbach, Mouaz H. Al-Mallah, Jeroen J. Bax, Daniel Berman, Matthew Budoff, Filippo Cademartiri, Tracy Callister, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Benjamin Chow, Ricardo Cury, Gudrun Feuchtner, Martin Hadamitzky, Joerg Hausleiter, Philipp Kaufmann, Jonathon Leipsic, Yong-Jin Kim, Hugo Marques, Gianluca Pontone, Gilbert Raff, Ronen Rubenshtein, Todd Villines, James K. Min, Jessica Pena
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
An MTAS rebel
Authors: Amy Davis
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Colette Marshall is a consultant vascular surgeon who hastened the downfall of the Medical Training Application Service (MTAS) by cancelling interviews in March.

I remember as a teenager watching a programme called MASH on television. They were doing heart surgery, and I thought, “I could do that.” My love for surgery was confirmed when I did my medical house job and realised that medicine definitely wasn't for me. Surgery combines intellectual skill and decision making with new technology and practical skills. I feel I can make an immediate difference to someone's life and get instant feedback to see if my diagnosis is correct when I operate.

I was introduced to the shortlisting process of MTAS in January 2007. At this time there was a lot of disquiet among consultants, and I spoke with the head of the school of surgery to register my anxiety. All the …
Evaluating the impact of African American ancestry among men with localized prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy.
Authors: Daniel Canter, Julia E. Reid, Maria Latsis, Margaret Variano, Shams Halat, Kristen E. Gurtner, Michael K. Brawer, Steven Stone, Stephen Bardot
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

41 Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common male malignancy. Prior data has suggested that African American (AA) men present with more aggressive disease relative to men of other ancestries. Here, we examined the effects of ancestry on clinical and molecular measures of disease aggressiveness as well as pathologic outcomes in men treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) for localized PC. Methods: Data was collected from patients undergoing RP at the Ochsner Clinic from 2006 to 2011. Formalin−fixed paraffin embedded biopsy tissue was analyzed for the RNA expression of 31 cell cycle progression (CCP) genes and 15 housekeeping genes to obtain a CCP score (a validated molecular measure of PC aggressiveness). Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) scores were also determined based on clinicopathologic features at the time of diagnosis. Clinical (Gleason score, tumor stage, CAPRA score) and molecular (CCP score) measures of disease aggressiveness were compared based on ancestry (AA versus non−AA). Cox proportional hazards models were used to test association of ancestry to biochemical recurrence (BCR) and progression to metastatic disease. Fisher’s exact and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to compare ancestries. Results: A total of 384 patients were treated with RP, including 133 (34.8%) AA men. At the time of diagnosis, the median age was 62 years (interquartile range (IQR) 56, 66) and PSA was 5.4 ng/mL (IQR 4.2, 7.6). When compared by ancestry, there were no significant differences in biopsy Gleason score (p = 0.26), clinical stage (p = 0.27), CAPRA score (p = 0.58), or CCP score (p = 0.87). In addition, there was no significant difference in the risk of BCR between ancestries (p = 0.55). Only non−AA men progressed to metastatic disease within the ten years of follow−up. Conclusions: Contrary to prior reports, these data appears to indicate that men of AA ancestry do not necessarily present with or develop a more biologically aggressive form of PC. Although these data represents only one institution’s experience, it contains a highly robust AA population compared to prior reports. Further research is required to account for the discrepancy in the previously published literature.
Description of spinal MRI lesions and definition of a positive MRI of the spine in axial SpA
Authors: K.G. Hermann, X. Baraliakos, D.M.F.M. van der Heijde, Anne Grethe Jurik, R. Landewé, H. Marzo-Ortega, Mikkel Østergaard, M. Rudwaleit, J. Sieper, J. Braun
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)
I am a doctor with five years' experience. I wish to return to medicine, particularly teaching undergraduates. I understand there are relevant courses. Can you advise me whom I should contact, and could you give me a brief idea of what my prospects may be in medical education?
Authors: Sabina Dosani
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Have a career related problem that needs answering? Can9t find the person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site <b>www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone</b>
Host and viral factors associated with serum hepatitis B virus RNA levels among patients in need for treatment
Authors: Margo J.H. van Campenhout, Florian van Bömmel, Maria Pfefferkorn, Janett Fischer, Danilo Deichsel, André Boonstra, Anneke J. van Vuuren, Thomas Berg, Bettina E. Hansen, Harry L.A. Janssen
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA in serum is a novel biomarker for intrahepatic HBV replication and treatment response. For its proper use, it is essential to identify factors influencing serum HBV RNA level. Using a rapid amplification of complimentary DNA (cDNA) ends (RACE) PCR technique (lower limit of detection [LLD], 800 copies/mL [c/mL]), serum HBV RNA levels were measured in samples of 488 untreated individuals with chronic HBV infection who were eligible to treatment according to currently used recommendations. We explored the association of serum levels of HBV RNA with patient‐ and virus‐associated factors. HBV genotype distribution was 21/10/20/46/3% for A/B/C/D/other. Mean HBV RNA serum level was 5.9 (1.6) log 10 c/mL (hepatitis B e antigen [HBeAg]‐positive chronic hepatitis B [CHB], 6.5 [1.2] log c/mL; HBeAg‐negative CHB, 4.1 [1.2] log c/mL; P &lt; 0.001). By multivariable linear regression, factors associated with lower HBV RNA level were HBeAg negativity (β = –0.69; P &lt; 0.001), HBV genotypes A (β = –0.13; P = 0.002), B (β = –0.07; P = 0.049), and C (β = –0.61; P &lt; 0.001) in comparison to D, and presence of HBV basal core promoter mutation either alone (β = –0.14; P = 0.001) or in combination with precore mutation (β = –0.22; P &lt; 0.001). Higher serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was associated with higher HBV RNA (β = 0.23; P &lt; 0.001). HBV RNA correlated strongly with HBV DNA (HBeAg‐pos, r = 0.72; P &lt; 0.001; HBeAg‐neg, r = 0.78; P &lt; 0.001) and moderately with quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (qHBsAg; HBeAg‐pos, r = 0.54; P &lt; 0.001; HBeAg‐neg, r = 0.19; P = 0.04) and quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (qHBeAg; r = 0.41; P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: In this multiethnic cohort of 488 untreated individuals with CHB, factors associated with serum HBV RNA level were HBeAg status, serum ALT, HBV genotype, and presence of basal core promotor mutations. For the future use of serum HBV RNA as a clinical marker, it seems mandatory to take these factors into consideration. (H epatology 2018).
Emergency management of severe burns (EMSB) course
Authors: Ioannis Goutos
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Emergency management of severe burns (EMSB) course Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
POOR PROGNOSIS FOLLOWING DIABETES MELLITUS IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE: A NATIONWIDE COHORT STUDY
Authors: Bochra Zareini, Rasmus Rørth, Anders Holt, Ulrik Mogensen, Christian Selmer, Gunnar Gislason, Morten Schou, Lars Køber, Morten Lamberts, Søren Lund Kristensen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Diploma of immediate medical care (DiplMC RCSEd)
Authors: Caroline Lee
Journal: BMJ (2004)

It is aimed at doctors, nurses, or paramedics who are concerned with prehospital care. Doctors must have had full registration for at least two years, must have documented evidence of clinical experience in prehospital emergency care for one year, and must have at least three months' training in hospital posts approved by the college which entail the management of seriously ill or injured patients.

I took the exam in June 2003. At that stage I was a senior house officer training for a career in emergency medicine, with four years' experience in prehospital medicine.

I would strongly recommend this diploma to all doctors who wish to practise prehospital medicine

I was concerned with prehospital care as a doctor with my local …
Basic Concepts in Statistics and Epidemiology
Authors: Abdi Sanati
Journal: BMJ (2007)

As evidence based medicine becomes more integral in everyday practice, having basic knowledge of statistics in critically appraising research and publications becomes increasingly essential.

In general, the statistics books that I've encountered have either been too simple, only providing very basic information, or too complicated, overwhelming me with numerous frightening mathematical formulae. I always felt the need for a book that focused on statistical concepts. One which could answer “why?” questions that frequently come up. …
Emerging CCGs replicate current NHS structures and personnel, report finds
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Many of the new clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) have set themselves up to mirror existing NHS structures, such as primary care trusts or practice based commissioning groups, a Department of Health funded report into CCGs’ early development has said.

Furthermore, most doctors who are taking on CCG leadership roles held similar posts in the old regime, it says. Not enough is being done to encourage female GPs, non-principal GPs, and other healthcare professionals to become involved, it adds.

The report’s findings are based on …
Abstract P6-15-05: Randomized controlled trial of neoadjuvant eribulin mesylate versus paclitaxel in women with operable breast cancer (JONIE-3 study)
Authors: D Miura, Y Hasegawa, T Ishikawa, A Tachibana, J Horiguchi, M Hayashi, M Miyashita, T Kubota, K Narui, M Suzuki, K Akazawa, N Kohno
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background: Although treatment of eribulin mesylate (E) improved overall survival in metastatic breast cancer (BC) patients, little is known about the efficacy in early BC. The hypothesis of this study is that sequential administration of E followed by FEC would have less toxic, particularly peripheral neuropathy, and also have similar effect compared to paclitaxel (P) followed by FEC as primary systemic therapy (PST) for woman with operable BC. Methods: This is a phase II multicenter open label study (UMIN000012817). Patients (pts) were randomly assigned to either E (1.4mg/m2, d1 and d8, q21 days, 4 cycles) + FEC (fluorouracil 500 mg/m2, epirubicin 100 mg/m2, and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2) or P (80mg/m2, weekly, 12 cycles) + FEC as PST. HER2+ patients were allowed to receive trastuzumab. Stratification factors were ER, HER2, and menopausal status. Primary endpoint was the incidence of peripheral sensory and motor neuropathy (PSN and PMN) with Grade 1 or higher according to CTCAE ver.4.0. Secondary endpoints were pathological complete response (pCR) rates (ypT0/is/ypN0), clinical response rates (CR+PR), and adverse events. Safety was assessed in all pts who received at least one dose of the study drug. Results: Between 12/2013 to 3/2016, 121 pts were randomly assigned equally to E + FEC and P + FEC. Excluding 5 pts from the primary assessment, 116 pts (58 in each group) were included in the full analysis set. The characteristics of the pts were similar in the two arms. At the end of E or P administration, the incidences of PSN were 55.4% and 92.9% in E and P arm, respectively (p&amp;lt;0.001). The incidences of PMN were 25.9% and 44.9% in E and P arm, respectively (p=0.049). At the end of E or P + FEC, PSN accounts for 38.9% in E arm and 85.2% in P arm (p&amp;lt;0.001), and PMN accounts for 20.7% in E arm and 32.8% in P arm (p=0.201). The pCR rates in E and P arm were 20.7% and 29.8% (p=0.092). The clinical response rates in E and P arm were 82.2% and 91.0% (p=0.108). No statistical significant difference was found in efficacy of PST between E and P. Conclusion: This randomized phase II study revealed that eribulin had favorable peripheral neuropathy profile with modest efficacy in the neoadjuvant setting, compared with paclitaxel. Citation Format: Miura D, Hasegawa Y, Ishikawa T, Tachibana A, Horiguchi J, Hayashi M, Miyashita M, Kubota T, Narui K, Suzuki M, Akazawa K, Kohno N. Randomized controlled trial of neoadjuvant eribulin mesylate versus paclitaxel in women with operable breast cancer (JONIE-3 study) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-15-05.