tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a multidisciplinary palliative and supportive care education lecture series.
Authors: Shawna Chan, Solomon Liao, Leslie M. Randall, Aaron Kheriaty, Rakhi Dayal, Jeffrey V. Kuo, Joseph Nguyen, Charles Vega, Robert Bota, Cris Barrios, Mudit Dabral, Randy Wei
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

144 Background: Nationwide surveys of residents including those in oncologic specialties reveal that trainees perceive their palliative and supportive care (PSC) educational curriculum as inadequate. For residents, PSC education varies from none at all to an organized department lecture series given by Palliative Medicine physicians. There have been no published experiences of institutional wide PSC lecture series open to all residents, fellows, and medical students. Methods: We piloted a monthly palliative care lecture series from August 2016 to June 2017 at UC Irvine. 12 physicians from 9 clinical departments provided monthly lectures on management of physical symptoms, psychosocial issues, cultural considerations, spiritual needs, care coordination, ethical/legal issues, communication/goals of care, and advance care planning. Lectures were advertised in advance to program directors and emails were sent the week prior to all trainees. At the end of each lecture, attendees were given a voluntary survey that consisted of 10 questions on self-perceived competency in PSC skills and 4 questions on attitudes toward PSC. Results: 143 (45 medical students, 98 residents) responses were received. Most residents (90.8%) and medical students (84.4%) viewed palliative care as an important competency. Only 16 responses from heme/onc, radiation, and gynecology oncology residents and fellows were received, comprising 11.2% of total responses. Residents characterized themselves as “not at all/minimally/somewhat confident” in their ability to care for patients with PSC issues in the following areas: management of opioids (44.2%), fatigue (82.7%), anorexia (79.6%), depression (65.3%), and prognostication (75.5%) Medical students characterized themselves as “not at all/minimally/somewhat confident” in the following areas: management of opioids (79.3%), fatigue (86.7%), anorexia (91.1%), depression (71.1%), and prognostication (91.1%). Conclusions: These findings suggest a need to further improve domains of palliative care training in residency programs and identify innovative ways to increase participation of residents and fellows from all oncologic specialties.
Emergencia del linfogranuloma venéreo (LGV) en Europa occidental : ¿Que sabemos y que se puede hacer ?
Authors: M Jw Van de Laar
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

El linfogranuloma venereo (LGV) es una infeccion de transmision sexual (ITS) sistemica debida a la bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis, raramente descrita en el mundo occidental. Sin embargo, en enero de 2004, las autoridades de salud publica en los Paises Bajos identificaron un brote de casos de proctitis asociados a LGV en hombres homosexuales. Desde esta fecha, se declararon otros casos en varios paises de Europa, como tambien en los Estados Unidos de America y en Canada. En este numero de Eurosurveillance, tres paises describen su estatus actual de LGV.
CDC Grand Rounds: Improving Medication Adherence for Chronic Disease Management — Innovations and Opportunities
Authors: Andrea B. Neiman, Todd Ruppar, Michael Ho, Larry Garber, Paul J. Weidle, Yuling Hong, Mary G. George, Phoebe G. Thorpe
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

Adherence to prescribed medications is associated with improved clinical outcomes for chronic disease management and reduced mortality from chronic conditions (1). Conversely, nonadherence is associated with higher rates of hospital admissions, suboptimal health outcomes, increased morbidity and mortality, and increased health care costs (2). In the United States, 3.8 billion prescriptions are written annually (3). Approximately one in five new prescriptions are never filled, and among those filled, approximately 50% are taken incorrectly, particularly with regard to timing, dosage, frequency, and duration (4). Whereas rates of nonadherence across the United States have remained relatively stable, direct health care costs associated with nonadherence have grown to approximately $100-$300 billion of U.S. health care dollars spent annually (5,6). Improving medication adherence is a public health priority and could reduce the economic and health burdens of many diseases and chronic conditions (7).
Misuse of gabapentin and pregabalin may be underestimated
Authors: Limon K Nahar, Rebecca Andrews, Kevin G Murphy, Sue Paterson
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Our data support the government’s decision to reclassify pregabalin and gabapentin to class C controlled substances.1

In the toxicology unit at Imperial College London we conduct toxicology analysis on behalf of coroners throughout London and the South …
Evolution récente de la syphilis en Belgique et amélioration des systèmes de surveillance des IST
Authors: A Sasse, A Defraye, G Ducoffre
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

Une serie d’epidemies de syphilis touchant principalement des homosexuels masculins a ete observee en Europe les cinq dernieres annees [1-5]. L’une de ces epidemies a eu lieu a Anvers, en Belgique, pendant le premier trimestre de 2001 [6] et elle continue de sevir en 2004. De plus, les diagnostics de syphilis declares par le Reseau sentinelle des Laboratoires ont augmente de 89% pendant le quatrieme trimestre de 2003. Une augmentation etait egalement identifiee a Bruxelles pendant la meme periode (+300% ; 24 cas). Le reseau sentinelle a rapporte 93,4% de patients masculins ; parmi eux, 79,9% etaient des hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec d’autres hommes (HSH). La proportion globale de patients co-infectes par le VIH etait de 50,5% (HSH: 58,6%; heterosexuels masculins : 23,8%; femmes : 8,3%); 76,1% des patients co-infectes etaient conscients de leur contamination par le VIH au moment du diagnostic de syphilis.
Abstract 20812: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Sustains Survival in a Porcine Model of Prolonged Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Jason A Bartos, Sebastian Voicu, Georgios Sideris, Timothy R Matsuura, Stephen George, Matthew D Olson, Jennifer N Rees, Scott H McKnite, Kadambari Chandra Shekar, Demetris Yannopoulos
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Cardiac function worsens in the hours after resuscitation from prolonged cardiac arrest requiring use of pressors or inotropes which may further worsen the underlying injury. This stu...
Surgical treatment of the residual periodontal pocket
Authors: Filippo Graziani, Dimitra Karapetsa, Nikolaos Mardas, Natalie Leow, Nikolaos Donos
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2017)

Abstract The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is to prevent further disease progression in order to reduce the risk of tooth loss. This objective can be achieved through a number of therapeutic modalities comprising both the nonsurgical and surgical phases of periodontal therapy. Nonsurgical periodontal treatment has been shown to control periodontal infection and to arrest progression of the disease in a significant number of cases. However, despite completion of nonsurgical treatment, a number of periodontal pockets, defined as ‘residual’, often remain. The presence of residual pockets may jeopardize tooth survival and be a risk factor of further disease progression, and ultimately tooth loss. Therefore, the aim of this review is to analyze the knowledge available on the indications for and the performance of periodontal surgical treatment of residual pockets in terms of ‘traditional’ (clinical, microbiological), patient‐based and systemic health outcomes.
Abstract P246: Long-term Optimal Lifestyle and Clinical Factors and Progression in Arterial Stiffness in the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Yacob Tedla, Joseph Delaney, Chia-Ying Liu, James Stein, Mercedes Carnethon, Philip Greenland
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Optimal cardiovascular health (CVH), based on lifestyle and clinical factors, is associated with lower risk of CV events and this may occur partly by preventing progression of arterial stiffness. We assessed the association of optimal lifestyle and clinical factors with changes in arterial stiffness in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Methods: Among 2,729 participants (aged 44-84 years, 46.5% male), number of optimal lifestyle factors (BMI &lt;25 kg/m2, never smoker, never drinkers, exercised &gt;500 METS minutes/week) and optimal clinical factors (systolic BP &lt;140 and diastolic BP &lt;90mmHg, fasting glucose &lt;100mg/dL, and total cholesterol &lt;200mg/dL), across 5 visits, were summed to create an overall optimal score for lifestyle and clinical factors. Carotid arterial stiffness was measured using distensibility coefficient (DC) and Young’s elastic modulus (YEM) at baseline and after a mean of 9.5 years (visit 5). In separate multiple linear regression models, percent changes in DC and YEM between visits 1 and 5 were regressed on quartiles of overall optimal score for lifestyle and clinical factors. Results: On average, DC decreased by 5.3% and YEM increased by 24.4% over ten years. Mean optimal lifestyle score was 10.2 (range: 0-19) and optimal clinical score was 9.1 (range: 0-15) across 5 visits. There was no difference in arterial stiffness progression between individuals in the upper quartiles of optimal lifestyle score and those in the lowest quartile. A higher score on optimal clinical factors was inversely associated with progression in arterial stiffness. Linear trends in the increase of DC (P-trend&lt;0.001 in all) and decrease of YEM (P-trend&lt;0.002 in all) were observed across the quartiles of optimal clinical score and quartiles of CVH score (i.e. combining lifestyle and clinical factors) (Table 1). Conclusion: Optimal CVH was associated with less arterial stiffening, but only the clinical factors were predicting arterial stiffness and lifestyle factors had no influence on arterial stiffness.
miR-139-5p Modulates Radiotherapy Resistance in Breast Cancer by Repressing Multiple Gene Networks of DNA Repair and ROS Defense
Authors: Marina Pajic, Danielle Froio, Sheridan Daly, Louise Doculara, Ewan Millar, Peter H. Graham, Alison Drury, Angela Steinmann, Charles E. de Bock, Alice Boulghourjian, Anaiis Zaratzian, Susan Carroll, Joanne Toohey, Sandra A. O’Toole, Adrian L Harris, Francesca M. Buffa, Harriet E. Gee, Georgina E. Hollway, Timothy J. Molloy
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Radiotherapy is essential to the treatment of most solid tumors and acquired or innate resistance to this therapeutic modality is a major clinical problem. Here we show that miR-139-5p is a potent modulator of radiotherapy response in breast cancer via its regulation of genes involved in multiple DNA repair and reactive oxygen species defense pathways. Treatment of breast cancer cells with a miR-139-5p mimic strongly synergized with radiation both
Head injury mechanisms in FIS World Cup alpine and freestyle skiers and snowboarders
Authors: Sophie Elspeth Steenstrup, Arnhild Bakken, Tone Bere, Declan Alexander Patton, Roald Bahr
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Head injuries represent a concern in skiing and snowboarding, with traumatic brain injuries being the most common cause of death.To describe the mechanisms of head and face injuries among World Cup alpine and freestyle skiers and snowboarders.We performed a qualitative analysis of videos obtained of head and face injuries reported through the International Ski Federation Injury Surveillance System during 10 World Cup seasons (2006-2016). We analysed 57 head impact injury videos (alpine n=29, snowboard n=13, freestyle n=15), first independently and subsequently in a consensus meeting.During the crash sequence, most athletes (84%) impacted the snow with the skis or board first, followed by the upper or lower extremities, buttocks/pelvis, back and, finally, the head. Alpine skiers had sideways (45%) and backwards pitching falls (35%), with impacts to the rear (38%) and side (35%) of the helmet. Freestyle skiers and snowboarders had backwards pitching falls (snowboard 77%, freestyle 53%), mainly with impacts to the rear of the helmet (snowboard 69%, freestyle 40%). There were three helmet ejections among alpine skiers (10% of cases), and 41% of alpine skiing injuries occurred due to inappropriate gate contact prior to falling. Athletes had one (47%) or two (28%) head impacts, and the first impact was the most severe (71%). Head impacts were mainly on snow (83%) on a downward slope (63%).This study has identified several characteristics of the mechanisms of head injuries, which may be addressed to reduce risk.
Abstract 18046: Ketogenic Diet Rescues Heart Failure Induced by Loss of the Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier 1
Authors: Yuan Zhang, Paul V Taufalele, Kevin D Lin, Jesse D Cochran, Thomas Cassier, E. Dale Abel
Journal: Circulation (2017)

The healthy adult heart utilizes fatty acids, glucose, and lactate as primary fuels, and substrate flexibility is essential for maintaining cardiac function particularly under conditions of hemodyn...
Vigilância da resistência das salmonelas aos antibióticos
Authors: A Brisabois, I Cazin, J Breuil, E Collatz
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1997)

A Organizacao Mundial de Saude assinalou recentemente um aumento alarmante da incidencia de estirpes de salmonela resistentes aos antibioticos, devida ao uso de antibioticos em criacoes intensivas. Em Franca, ate anos recentes, as salmonelas isoladas na clinica humana apresentavam pouca ou nenhuma resistencia aos antibioticos e o tratamento (nao sistematico) duma salmonelose so raramente constituia problema. No entanto, ha cerca de vinte anos, o centro de serotipagem do CNEVA (Centre National d'Etudes Veterinaires et Alimentaires) em Paris, vem fazendo a vigilância da resistencia antibiotica das estirpes que recebe; paralelamente, o CNEVA de Lyon estabeleceu uma rede de vigilância para monitorizar a resistencia entre as principais bacterias patogenicas, em especial salmonelas, isoladas nos bovinos.
Biomimetic Materials and Fabrication Approaches for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Hwan D. Kim, Sivashanmugam Amirthalingam, Seunghyun L. Kim, Seunghun S. Lee, Jayakumar Rangasamy, Nathaniel S. Hwang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Abstract Various strategies have been explored to overcome critically sized bone defects via bone tissue engineering approaches that incorporate biomimetic scaffolds. Biomimetic scaffolds may provide a novel platform for phenotypically stable tissue formation and stem cell differentiation. In recent years, osteoinductive and inorganic biomimetic scaffold materials have been optimized to offer an osteo‐friendly microenvironment for the osteogenic commitment of stem cells. Furthermore, scaffold structures with a microarchitecture design similar to native bone tissue are necessary for successful bone tissue regeneration. For this reason, various methods for fabricating 3D porous structures have been developed. Innovative techniques, such as 3D printing methods, are currently being utilized for optimal host stem cell infiltration, vascularization, nutrient transfer, and stem cell differentiation. In this progress report, biomimetic materials and fabrication approaches that are currently being utilized for biomimetic scaffold design are reviewed.
Perioperative, Spatiotemporally Coordinated Activation of T and NK Cells Prevents Recurrence of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Jennifer Brooks, Bettina Fleischmann-Mundt, Norman Woller, Julia Niemann, Silvia Ribback, Kristin Peters, Ihsan Ekin Demir, Nina Armbrecht, Guralp O. Ceyhan, Michael P. Manns, Thomas C. Wirth, Stefan Kubicka, Gunter Bernhardt, Mark J. Smyth, Diego F. Calvisi, Engin Gürlevik, Florian Kühnel
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal and disseminating cancer resistant to therapy, including checkpoint immunotherapies, and early tumor resection and (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy fails to improve a poor prognosis. In a transgenic mouse model of resectable PDAC, we investigated the coordinated activation of T and natural killier (NK) cells in addition to gemcitabine chemotherapy to prevent tumor recurrence. Only neoadjuvant, but not adjuvant treatment with a PD-1 antagonist effectively supported chemotherapy and suppressed local tumor recurrence and improved survival involving both NK and T cells. Local T-cell activation was confirmed by increased tumor infiltration with CD103+CD8+ T cells and neoantigen-specific CD8 T lymphocytes against the marker neoepitope LAMA4-G1254V. To achieve effective prevention of distant metastases in a complementary approach, we blocked the NK-cell checkpoint CD96, an inhibitory NK-cell receptor that binds CD155, which was abundantly expressed in primary PDAC and metastases of human patients. In gemcitabine-treated mice, neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade followed by adjuvant inhibition of CD96 significantly prevented relapse of PDAC, allowing for long-term survival. In summary, our results show in an aggressively growing transgenic mouse model of PDAC that the coordinated activation of both innate and adaptive immunity can effectively reduce the risk of tumor recurrence after surgery, facilitating long-term remission of this lethal disease.Significance: Coordinated neoadjuvant and adjuvant immunotherapies reduce the risk of disease relapse after resection of murine PDAC, suggesting this concept for future clinical trials. Cancer Res; 78(2); 475-88. ©2017 AACR.
Large-scale proteomics identifies MMP-7 as a sentinel of epithelial injury and of biliary atresia
Authors: Chatmanee Lertudomphonwanit, Reena Mourya, Lin Fei, Yue Zhang, Sridevi Gutta, Li Yang, Kevin E. Bove, Pranavkumar Shivakumar, Jorge A. Bezerra
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2017)

Serum MMP-7 is released upon bile duct injury and has high diagnostic performance for biliary atresia.
Proof of concept that most borderline Quantiferon results are true antigen-specific responses
Authors: Jonathan W. Uzorka, Lucia J.M. Kroft, Jaap A. Bakker, Erik W. van Zwet, Erik Huisman, Corine Knetsch-Prins, Cornelis J. van der Zwan, Tom H.M. Ottenhoff, Sandra M. Arend
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) such as Quantiferon (QFT) that detect T-cell responses to antigens specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) have superior specificity to the tuberculin skin test (TST). While IGRAs are technically robust and the test result is a simple positive or negative, the interpretation nevertheless requires thorough understanding of the test's characteristics [1]. An area of debate is that of "borderline" results near the cut-off value, mentioned first in the setting of serial screening of health care workers [2]. While different authors used different ranges of test results under this denominator, borderline results were generally attributed to random assay variability [3, 4]. In reproducibility studies, conversions and reversions were often seen around the manufacturer-recommended cut-off, with the advice to "interpret such results cautiously" [5, 6]. Most borderline Quantiferon results are antigen-specific responses, defying the common assumption of random variation <http://ow.ly/9a0X30fQBCO> The authors thank Robert van de Peppel at Dept of Infectious Diseases for the random selection among patients with a low negative or high positive QFT result, and Marita Danhof-Pont from the Dept of Health, Safety and the Environment for assistance with data collection at the OHS.
Persistence of Ebola Virus in Ocular Fluid during Convalescence
Authors: Jay B. Varkey, Jessica G. Shantha, Ian Crozier, Colleen S. Kraft, G. Marshall Lyon, Aneesh K. Mehta, Gokul Kumar, Justine R. Smith, Markus H. Kainulainen, Shannon Whitmer, Ute Ströher, Timothy M. Uyeki, Bruce S. Ribner, Steven Yeh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Among the survivors of Ebola virus disease (EVD), complications that include uveitis can develop during convalescence, although the incidence and pathogenesis of EVD-associated uveitis are unknown. We describe a patient who recovered from EVD and was subsequently found to have severe unilateral uveitis during convalescence. Viable Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) was detected in aqueous humor 14 weeks after the onset of EVD and 9 weeks after the clearance of viremia.
P2.05-017 Prognostic Impact of the Clinical T Descriptor in the Eighth Edition of the TNM Staging System of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: T. Okamoto, M. Miyawaki, G. Toyokawa, M. Abe, Y. Takumi, T. Hashimoto, R. Kobayashi, A. Osoegawa, T. Tagawa, H. Takeuchi, Y. Maehara, K. Sugio
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Palliative care in the ambulatory setting: Bon Secours St. Francis Hospital (BSSFH).
Authors: Jennifer Ashley, Jennifer Huggins Bayne, John Weems, Terra Spann, Leigh Stinnett, Maryjane Strobel, Patricia Hegedus, Robert D. Siegel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

109 Background: Palliative care is integral to holistic cancer therapy. Early integration of palliative principles results in improvements in quality of life and survival. Despite the evident value of specialized palliative services, the conventional delivery paradigm, particularly in community centers, has remained episodic, crisis driven, and principally provided in the acute care setting. BSSFH opened its cancer center in October 2014. We chose to embed palliative services in the ambulatory setting to introduce patients early in their cancer journey to an integrated program of symptom management. Methods: The BSSFH Cancer Center is a 65,000 sq ft facility located in Greenville, SC. The analytic caseload for 2016 was approximately 1250. One palliative care practitioner per day sees patients both independently and concurrently with medical, gynecological and radiation oncology colleagues. These individuals also participate in Lean projects optimizing care in a variety of disease states. Mandatory referrals at presentation were initially codified for patients with stage 4 lung , and subsequently for pancreatic and all patients receiving multimodality therapy for head and neck carcinomas. Additional patients are referred from our weekly Interdisciplinary Care Rounds or otherwise at the discretion of their attendings. Results: The program showed ongoing growth through 2016, shortly following its inception. Total outpatient encounters in 2015 were 559 while in 2016 were 928. Total new referrals were 158 in 2015 and 190 in 2016 implying that the increase in total visits had less to do with new patient referrals and were more a result of visit-to-visit management of complex circumstances. Conclusions: Palliative medicine is optimally provided with consistency and not episodically. This is best accomplished when such care occurs in both the acute and ambulatory settings through an ongoing therapeutic relationship. BSSFH has created a model in which such care is feasible in the community setting. We are now trying to assess what impact this intervention has had on quality of life, simplifying transitions of care, and on the economics of health care within our system.