tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Deaths Related to Hurricane Irma — Florida, Georgia, and North Carolina, September 4–October 10, 2017
Authors: Anindita Issa, Kirtana Ramadugu, Prakash Mulay, Janet Hamilton, Vivi Siegel, Chris Harrison, Christine Mullarkey Campbell, Carina Blackmore, Tesfaye Bayleyegn, Tegan Boehmer
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

Three powerful and devastating hurricanes from the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season (Harvey [August 17-September 1], Irma [August 30-September 13], and Maria [September 16-October 2]) resulted in the deaths of hundreds of persons. Disaster-related mortality surveillance is critical to an emergency response because it provides government and public health officials with information about the scope of the disaster and topics for prevention messaging. CDC's Emergency Operations Center collaborated with state health departments in Florida, Georgia, and North Carolina to collect and analyze Hurricane Irma-related mortality data to understand the main circumstances of death. The most common circumstance-of-death categories were exacerbation of existing medical conditions and power outage. Further analysis revealed two unique subcategories of heat-related and oxygen-dependent deaths in which power outage contributed to exacerbation of an existing medical condition. Understanding the need for subcategorization of disaster-related circumstances of death and the possibility of overlapping categories can help public health practitioners derive more effective public health interventions to prevent deaths in future disasters.
Skeletal Muscle Capillaries in Diabetics
Authors: Rudolfvracko
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Capillary sizes, the amounts of endothelium, pericytes, basal lamina (BL), and lumina were measured with planimeter on electron micrographs of 20 capillary cross sections from each of 40 skeletal muscle specimens obtained from any of eight specific body sites of 20 diabetics. While the capillaries in the distal abdomen and the proximal thigh do not have thickened BL, those in the muscles of mid-abdomen, chest wall, hand, mid-thigh, mid-lower leg, and foot have significantly increased amounts of BL. The remaining parameters differ among body sites, generally following a pattern established earlier for the skeletal muscle capillaries of nondiabetics. Because of the focal and regional distribution of BL thickening and because it occurs also in nondiabetics, it is concluded that BL thickening is a common but not characteristic feature of diabetes mellitus. A possible mechanism which may lead to BL thickening is proposed and discussed.
Abstract 16026: Major Differences in Implementation Strategies of the European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2015 in Danish Hospitals - A Nationwide Study
Authors: Mathilde Stærk, Kasper G Lauridsen, Troels Mygind-Klausen, Bo Løfgren
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Implementation of guidelines into clinical practice is important to provide quality of care. Implementation of clinical guidelines is known to be poor. This study aimed to investigate...
Aortic Plaque Morphology and Vascular Events
Authors: ArielCohen, ChristopheTzourio, BernardBertrand, ChristopheChauvel, Marie-GermaineBousser, PierreAmarenco
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Atherosclerotic disease of the aortic arch has been found to be associated with the risk of ischemic stroke. We have shown that atherosclerotic plaques ≥4 mm in thickness in the ascending aorta and proximal arch detected by transesophageal echocardiography are a risk factor for ischemic stroke. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact, if any, of plaque morphology (ulceration, hypoechoic plaques or calcification) on the risk of subsequent vascular events. Methods and Results We followed for a period of 2 to 4 years, a cohort of 334 patients 60 years or older who were consecutively admitted with brain infarction and who had transesophageal echocardiography. The risk of vascular events in patients with plaques in the aortic arch according to the presence of surface ulceration, calcifications, and sessile or mobile thrombus was estimated during a total of 788 person-years of follow-up. Hypoechoic plaques, calcifications, and ulceration were more frequently found in patients with plaque...
Abstract 14723: High Levels of Stromal Cell-derived Factor-1α Predict Secondary Cardiac Events in Stable Patients With a History of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Satoshi Matsuoka, Uematsu Manabu, Takamitsu Nakamura, Takuya Shimizu, Mika Futamata, Jun-ei Obata, Daisuke Fujioka, Kazuto Nakamura, Toru Yoshizaki, Kiyotaka Kugiyama
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: We recently showed that stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α, a pro-inflammatory mediator, is produced in infarcted myocardium and is associated with progressive left ventricular (LV) d...
Abstract 1161: Interaction between doxorubicin and amniotic membrane stem cells on the canine inflammatory mammary cancer cell line IPC-366
Authors: Jessica Borghesi, Sara Caceres, Lara C. Mario, Rafael Gonçalves Hayashi, Laura Peña, Angela Alonso-Diez, Maria J. Illera, Gema Silvan, Maria A. Miglino, Ana C. Oliveira Carreira, Phelipe Oliveira Favaron, Juan C. Illera
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of doxorubicin, canine amniotic membrane stem cells (AMC) and the association between them in the triple-negative canine inflammatory mammary cancer cell line IPC-366. Experiments were carried out for 72 hours in 4 groups: IPC-366 untreated cells; cells treated with 10mg/mL of doxorubicin; coculture IPC-366 cells with 105 AMC; and cells treated with doxorubicin+AMC. MTT assays were performed for evaluating proliferation; flow cytometry to analyze hormonal and angiogenesis markers, and anti-inflammatory cytokines; and EIA techniques were used to evaluate secretion of steroid hormones (progesterone (P4); dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA); androtenedione (A4); 17β-estradiol (E2); estrone sulphate (SO4E1)) in cell culture media. Results showed that cells treated with 10 mg/mL of doxorubicin resulted in a reduction of 71.64% on cell proliferation at 72h of treatment. A reduction in the expression of VEGF and PCNA-3 was observed by flow cyotmetry in treated cells compared to control cells. Differences on IL-10 were found within groups: treatment with doxorubicin resulted in a reduction on IL-10 expression although in AMC group expression remained similar to control group. Estrogen intracellular levels were significantly increased in doxorubicin+AMC group (4.67% vs. 27.1%). Regarding steroid hormone secretion, in AMC treated group any differences in hormone levels were found compared to control group. P4 and E2 secretion resulted in an increase in doxorubicin-treated group although in doxorubicin+AMC group these levels decreased with respect to control group. DHEA secretion was significantly decreased in treated groups compared to control group. Interestingly, A4 and SO4E1 secretion levels showed a significant increase compared to control group. Collectively, these results suggest that combination of doxorubicin and AMC caused a synergy that alters the cancer cell's secretion hormone profile by accumulation of estrogens. These findings attempt to give an approach of the combination of well-known treatments and amniotic stem cells as a canine mammary tumors therapy. Citation Format: Jessica Borghesi, Sara Caceres, Lara C. Mario, Rafael Gonçalves Hayashi, Laura Peña, Angela Alonso-Diez, Maria J. Illera, Gema Silvan, Maria A. Miglino, Ana C. Oliveira Carreira, Phelipe Oliveira Favaron, Juan C. Illera. Interaction between doxorubicin and amniotic membrane stem cells on the canine inflammatory mammary cancer cell line IPC-366 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1161.
Abstract 2575: NKX6.1 hypermethylation predicts the outcome of stage II colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Ya-Wen Lin, Sou-Yi Chang, Chih-Chi Kuo, Cheng-Wen Hsiao, Chih-Hsiung Hsu, Yu-Ching Chou, Yu-Lueng Shih
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy worldwide. CRC patients in the same stage often present with dramatically different clinical scenarios. Thus, robust prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed to guide therapies and improve treatment outcomes. The NKX6.1 gene has been identified as a hypermethylation marker in cervical cancer and functions as a metastatic suppressor by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we investigated whether hypermethylation of NKX6.1 might be a prognostic biomarker for CRC. Results: In this study, we analyzed the methylation and expression of NKX6.1 in CRC tissues and CRC cell lines. We quantitatively examined the NKX6.1 methylation levels in 151 pairs of CRC tissues by using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR) analysis and found that NKX6.1 was hypermethylated in 35 of 151 CRC tissues (23.18%). NKX6.1 gene expression was inversely correlated with the DNA methylation level in CRC cell lines in vitro. Then, we analyzed the association of NKX6.1 methylation with clinical characteristics of these CRC patients. NKX6.1 methylation was positively associated with tumor size [odds ratio (OR): 2.84; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24 to 6.52]. These data demonstrated that patients with NKX6.1 methylation presented poorer 5-year overall survival (p=0.0167) and disease-free survival (p=0.0083) than patients without NKX6.1 methylation after receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Most importantly, our data revealed that stage II CRC patients with NKX6.1 methylation had poorer 5-year disease-free survival (p=0.0322) than patients without NKX6.1 methylation after adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that methylation of NKX6.1 is a novel prognostic biomarker in CRC and may be used as a predictor of the response to chemotherapy. Citation Format: Ya-Wen Lin, Sou-Yi Chang, Chih-Chi Kuo, Cheng-Wen Hsiao, Chih-Hsiung Hsu, Yu-Ching Chou, Yu-Lueng Shih. NKX6.1 hypermethylation predicts the outcome of stage II colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2575.
Suppression of human gastric cancer growth with biodegradable thermosensitive hydrogel polymer in nude mouse
Authors: Soo Min Choi, Keun Hur, Mi Kyung Kwak, Hyuk-Joon Lee, Woo Ho Kim, Yanagihara K, Sun Mi Lee, Soo-Chang Song, Han-Kwang Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

3086   Background and purpose: Current systemic chemotherapy in the treatment of solid tumor inevitably induces various systemic adverse effects. Locally injectable chemotherapy is expected to overcome this limitation of systemic therapy. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of locally injectable chemotherapy using the biodegradable thermosensitive hydrogel polymer which can form a solution at room temperature and a gel at body temperature reversibly. Methods: HSC-45M2 which was revealed as the most sensitive human gastric cancer cell line to paclitaxel among 12 human gastric cancer cell lines by MTT assay was injected subcutaneously into Balb/c-nude mouse (n=45). When the mean volume of injected tumor reached 924 mm 3 , we divided mice into 9 groups (5 per each group); (1) control group (PBS local injection at tumor), (2) paclitaxel (0.8 mg paclitaxel/0.2 ml polymer) systemic injection group, (3) paclitaxel (0.8 mg paclitaxel/0.2 ml polymer) local injection group, (4) polymer local injection group, (5) physically mixed polymer/paclitaxel low dose (0.2 mg paclitaxel/0.2 ml polymer) local injection group, (6) physically mixed polymer/paclitaxel high dose (0.8 mg paclitaxel/0.2 ml polymer) local injection group, (7) conjugated polymer/paclitaxel low dose (0.3 mg paclitaxel/0.1 ml polymer) local injection group, (8) conjugated polymer/paclitaxel high dose (0.6 mg paclitaxel/0.2 ml polymer) local injection group, (9) polymer/paclitaxel (0.8 mg paclitaxel/0.2 ml polymer) at other site injection group. Body weight and tumor volume were checked for 31 days. And one mouse per each group was sacrificed for histopathologic examination every week. Results: There was no significant difference in body weight among groups. The mean increase ratios of tumors were 706% in group (1), 300% in group (2), 533% in group (3), 396% in group (4), 427% in group (5), 385% in group (6), 258% in group (7), 120% in group (8), and 449% in group (9), respectively. Among them, the mean increase ratios of tumors in conjugated polymer/paclitaxel local injection groups [group (7) and group (8)] were significantly lower than that of the control group (p
Pyretotherapy and Subcutaneous Hexamethonium in the Treatment of Severe and Malignant Hypertension
Authors: Pablothomsen, Ramónortúzar, Fernandogoñi, Cristobalespíldora-Luque, Leónvial
Journal: Circulation (1956)

The permanent lowering of arterial pressure in cases of malignant and severe hypertension is of paramount importance. A new treatment that combines subcutaneous administration of hexamethonium with fever therapy produced by intravenous injections of bacterial vaccine is described. Reduction of blood pressure to normal levels and improvement of eye grounds, electrocardiogram, heart condition and subjective symptoms were obtained. The basis for these effects could be the potentiation of the action of hexamethonium produced by the induced fever.
Abstract 5175: Advancing the molecular understanding of stage I colorectal cancer
Authors: Philip Dunne, M B. Loughrey, H G. Coleman, R McBride, J Campbell, M Alderdice, K L. Redmond, D G. McArt, C Isella, S Leedham, T Maughan, M Lawler, S:CORT consortium
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background: There are ~1.4 million cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) annually worldwide. Bowel cancer screening (BCS) detects cancers and high-risk adenomas earlier; previously stage I accounted for 12% of CRC, but 42% of screen-detected cancers are now stage I. This study is based on the hypothesis that within the early lesions detected by BCS there are "hopeful monsters"; a term used to describe highly aggressive tumours that are simply being caught earlier while they are still potentially curable. Colorectal tumour evolution models have proposed the “Big Bang” of tumour growth, where a single expansion in adenoma development dictates disease outcome. In line with the “hopeful monsters” theory, this model reason that some tumours are “born-to-be-bad” from the earliest point in CRC tumour evolution. Aims: This proposal aims to develop a molecular stratifier of lethal vs non-lethal early-invasive disease based on comprehensive molecular pathological profiling, improved biological understanding and multiple tiers of validation to inform the management of CRC disease at the earliest stage. Methods: In contrast to stage II-IV CRC, there are limited stage I molecular studies, reducing opportunities to identify lethal early-disseminating tumours in patients who account for ~50% of screen-detected cancers. This study is undertaking collection and molecular profiling of a cohort of retrospective stage I tissue (n=200), enriched for patients that experienced relapsed, to identify factors associated with early-dissemination. Results: Pathological characterisation of the stage I cohort indicated that histological factors such as fibroblast content or depth of invasive front are not associated with eventual metastatic relapse. Unsupervised analysis highlighted a detectable shift in transcriptional signalling between recurrent and non-recurrent samples. Further supervised analysis indicates that intrinsic “stem-like” factors may be more prognostic than extrinsic factors in stage I. Conclusions: In order to find any effective treatment you have to first understand the biology underpinning disease. Given the increasing numbers of early stage patients being diagnosed as a result of BCS, and the paucity of tissue cohorts and focussed molecular studies of stage I CRC, this study aims to increase our understanding of specific factors underpinning prognosis at this early stage. Citation Format: Philip Dunne, M B. Loughrey, H G. Coleman, R McBride, J Campbell, M Alderdice, K L. Redmond, D G. McArt, C Isella, S Leedham, T Maughan, M Lawler, S:CORT consortium. Advancing the molecular understanding of stage I colorectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5175.
Abstract 10437: Epinephrine in Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-blinded, Placebo-Controlled Experimental Trial
Authors: Steve Lin, Matthew L Sundermann, Paul Dorian, Sarah Fink, Henry Halperin, Alex Kiss, Allison C Koller, Brendan M McCracken, Laurie J Morrison, Robert W Neumar, James T Niemann, Andrew Ramadeen, David D Salcido, Mohamad H Tiba, Scott T Youngquist, Menekam Zviman, James J Menegazzi
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Epinephrine is universally used in cardiac arrest primarily to increase coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The effect of different modes of epinephrine administration and the persistence of effect with repeated doses are not known. Methods: We conducted a preclinical, randomized, multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled experimental trial of 45 swine from five different laboratories (Ann Arbor, MI; Baltimore, MD; Los Angeles, CA; Pittsburgh, PA; Toronto, ON) using a standard treatment protocol. Ventricular fibrillation was induced and left untreated for 6 min before starting continuous CPR, which included mechanical chest compressions (100/min) and manual ventilations using a bag-valve-mask with 100% O2 (10 breaths/min). After 2 min of CPR onset, nine animals from each lab were centrally randomized to one of three treatment arms: 1) Continuous IV epinephrine infusion (0.00375mg/kg/min) for 12 min and placebo IV normal saline (NS) boluses every 4 min, 2) Three IV epinephrine boluses (0.015mg/kg) every 4 min and placebo IV NS infusion, or 3) Placebo NS infusion and boluses. The primary outcome was mean CPP during the drug therapy period (2-14 minutes after CPR onset). Differences in CPP were analyzed using repeated measures regression modeling. Results: There was no statistical difference in mean minute CPP (mmHg) between the three groups: 14.4±6.8 (infusion), 16.9±5.9 (bolus), and 14.4±5.5 (placebo) (p=NS). Repeated bolus doses of epinephrine caused transient increases in CPP that tended to peak at ~2 min after drug administration (Figure). Conclusion: Standard dose epinephrine, whether given by infusion or repeated boluses during CPR, did not significantly improve average CPP over time compared to placebo. Tachyphylaxis to epinephrine may occur regardless of mode of administration. This study raises important questions about optimal epinephrine dosing and administration strategy.
Abstract 2368: The phosphatase PRL3 as a novel therapeutic target in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Anna K. O'Leary, Min Wei, Jessica Blackburn
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most prevalent cancers that is diagnosed in adolescents. The survival rate for ALL is good during the initial diagnosis but is much less optimistic for patients who have relapsed ALL, due to limited treatment options. Additionally, the high-dose cytotoxic chemotherapies that ALL patients are given have long-term adverse consequences. New and less toxic targeted therapies are needed for the treatment of ALL. We previously performed a large-scale transplantation screen in zebrafish to identify genes associated with high relapse potential in ALL, and a top hit from this screen was the protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3, PTP4A3 or PRL3. Upregulation of PRL3 is correlated progression of colorectal, breast, and gastric cancers, and is associated with poor patient prognosis. We have found that PRL3 is highly expressed in a subset of patient ALL samples, and I am examining the role of PRL3 in ALL progression. We have found that PRL3 expression enhances ALL proliferation, and promotes leukemia survival after cytotoxic chemotherapy treatment. Small-molecule inhibition of PRL3 induces apoptosis in ALL, and synergizes with common ALL chemotherapies. I am currently examining the localization of PRL3 and identifying signaling pathways that it may be involved with to promote ALL progression. If my project is successful, it will provide scientific data that support our hypothesis that PRL3 is related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia. If there is a correlation between PRL3 and ALL, PRL3 could be used as a more effective and less toxic treatment for patients with ALL. Citation Format: Anna K. O'Leary, Min Wei, Jessica Blackburn. The phosphatase PRL3 as a novel therapeutic target in acute lymphoblastic leukemia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2368.
Abstract 5397: ExomiRs can distinguish tumor-associated from normal stroma: Potential biomarkers in colorectal cancer
Authors: Rahul Bhome, Rebecca Goh, Nir Pillar, Noam Shomron, Emre Sayan, Alex Mirnezami
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract There is urgent need for prognostic markers to stratify intermediate-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) patients for the benefit of adjuvant therapy. Tumor heterogeneity is a major obstacle in stratification attempts as rare cancer cell populations may display stem cell properties and allow generation of therapy resistance. Tumor stroma, on the other hand, is less susceptible to genetic alterations than cancer cells, providing signals that are more reproducible across patient samples. Exosome encapsulated microRNAs (exomiRs) are particularly amenable to biomarker development because they circulate, closely resemble the tissue of origin and are inherently stable. We sought to identify a stromal exomiR signature in colorectal cancer with biomarker potential. Paired primary tumor-associated and normal fibroblasts were extracted from human colonic tissue. Exosomes were isolated by differential ultracentrifugation, validated according to International Society for Extracellular Vesicles recommendations, and profiled for over 800 microRNAs (miRNAs) by NanoString. Data preprocessing and normalization was conducted prior to differential expression analysis. Candidate miRNAs were validated by qPCR. Pathway and network analyses were conducted using miRPath and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Forty one exomiRs were differentially present in tumor-associated and normal fibroblasts. Of these, 21 were more abundant in tumor-associated fibroblasts. Thirty-six KEGG pathways were found to be regulated by this exomiR signature, such as “PI3K-Akt” and “colorectal cancer.” A potential target of these exomiRs is PHLPP2, which encodes a phosphatase acting on AKT. In keeping with this, exposure to fibroblast exosomes increased AKT phosphorylation and that of its direct target Bad, in CRC cells, potentially due to a decrease in PHLPP2 protein abundance. Consequently, these cells were protected from drug-induced apoptosis. For the first time, stromal exomiRs have been profiled in colorectal cancer. Tumor-associated and normal stroma can be distinguished by a specific exomiR signature, which is potentially functionally important. Further mechanistic characterization is now required to identify the clinical significance of stromal exomiRs. Citation Format: Rahul Bhome, Rebecca Goh, Nir Pillar, Noam Shomron, Emre Sayan, Alex Mirnezami. ExomiRs can distinguish tumor-associated from normal stroma: Potential biomarkers in colorectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5397.