tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impressing your boss on the golf course
Authors: Nev Davies
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Golf is becoming increasingly popular and is now played by over 4 million people across the British Isles. I can guarantee that at some point in your career your boss will be a keen golfer. This simple guide to getting started will put you well on the way to impressing him or her on the course. Golf is arguably one of the most frustrating games to take up, but with the right frame of mind and a little guidance, it's surely one of the most rewarding.
Building cross-sector collaboration using participatory action research to improve community health in an urban slum in Accra, Ghana
Authors: Jessica Kritz
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2018)

BackgroundEvery urban slum creates challenges too complex for governments to resolve when working alone. Old Fadama, the largest slum in in Accra, Ghana, is home to over 100 000 people. Old Fadama has virtually no water or sanitation infrastructure, contributing to diminished quality of health and frequent cholera outbreaks when the nearby river floods. Our research introduces a model for cross-sector collaboration, supporting stakeholders who wanted to improve community health by installing latrines.MethodsThe focus of the research project is the process of cross-sector strategy development and the resulting theoretical model. Participatory action research (PAR) involves researchers and participants working together to define the problem and to formulate research questions and solutions. The project took place from Jan 1, 2015, to Nov 1, 2017. The participants were entirely local organisations, including stakeholders from city government, local non-governmental organisations, and the slum community. They resourced their own participation, made the strategy decisions, and selected the challenge to install latrines. The PAR process introduced the concept of cross-sector collaboration, educated the stakeholders about the existing evidence, and supported the stakeholders in forming a cross-sector collaboration. PAR was carried out in three phases. First, 12 key informant interviews were used to identify a location, barriers, and organisational strengths. Second, four focus groups developed a project strategy. Third, a community survey of 59 community members expanded the stakeholders and engaged the community in site selection and latrine management. 300 stakeholders participated over the course of the study as we continually updated and cross-checked our data through interviews and mini-focus groups to respond to the rapidly changing slum environment.FindingsThe stakeholders' first strategy, improving community health by installing latrines, resulted in city sanitation policy change. The strategy was adopted by local businesses, creating local sustainability and freeing the stakeholders to identify a new problem and develop a strategy to address it.InterpretationDiverse entities must collaborate effectively to impact and ultimately resolve complex health challenges. Our model utilizes Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 17 (partnerships) in order to achieve SDG 3 (good health and wellbeing) and SDG 6 (clean water and sanitation). The research model is an innovative approach to cross-sector collaboration based on a theory-of-change design that is being pilot tested to develop new strategies in other slums in Accra.FundingConrad N Hilton Foundation.
TCTAP A-022 Comparison of High Shear Stress-induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effect Between Aspirin/Clopidogrel/Very Low Dose Rivaroxaban and Aspirin/Ticagrelor Treatments in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Minsuk Kim, Si-Hyuck Kang, JinJu Park, Young-Seok Cho, Tae Jin Youn, In-Ho Chae, Jung-Won Suh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis in Patients With Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology and College of American Pathologists Joint Review
Authors: Jason D. Merker, Geoffrey R. Oxnard, Carolyn Compton, Maximilian Diehn, Patricia Hurley, Alexander J. Lazar, Neal Lindeman, Christina M. Lockwood, Alex J. Rai, Richard L. Schilsky, Apostolia M. Tsimberidou, Patricia Vasalos, Brooke L. Billman, Thomas K. Oliver, Suanna S. Bruinooge, Daniel F. Hayes, Nicholas C. Turner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

Purpose Clinical use of analytical tests to assess genomic variants in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is increasing. This joint review from ASCO and the College of American Pathologists summarizes current information about clinical ctDNA assays and provides a framework for future research. Methods An Expert Panel conducted a literature review on the use of ctDNA assays for solid tumors, including pre-analytical variables, analytical validity, interpretation and reporting, and clinical validity and utility. Results The literature search identified 1,338 references. Of those, 390, plus 31 references supplied by the Expert Panel, were selected for full-text review. There were 77 articles selected for inclusion. Conclusion The evidence indicates that testing for ctDNA is optimally performed on plasma collected in cell stabilization or EDTA tubes, with EDTA tubes processed within 6 hours of collection. Some ctDNA assays have demonstrated clinical validity and utility with certain types of advanced cancer; however, there is insufficient evidence of clinical validity and utility for the majority of ctDNA assays in advanced cancer. Evidence shows discordance between the results of ctDNA assays and genotyping tumor specimens and supports tumor tissue genotyping to confirm undetected results from ctDNA tests. There is no evidence of clinical utility and little evidence of clinical validity of ctDNA assays in early-stage cancer, treatment monitoring, or residual disease detection. There is no evidence of clinical validity and clinical utility to suggest that ctDNA assays are useful for cancer screening, outside of a clinical trial. Given the rapid pace of research, re-evaluation of the literature will shortly be required, along with the development of tools and guidance for clinical practice.
Increased risk of yellow fever infections among unvaccinated European travellers due to ongoing outbreak in Brazil, July 2017 to March 2018
Authors: Céline M Gossner, Joana M Haussig, Chiara de Bellegarde de Saint Lary, Kaja Kaasik Aaslav, Patricia Schlagenhauf, Bertrand Sudre
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2018)

Since December 2016, Brazil has faced a large outbreak of yellow fever with ca 1,500 confirmed human cases. In the first 2 months of 2018, Brazil reported almost as many cases as in 2017 as a whole. In these 2 months, five imported cases were reported among unvaccinated European travellers. Three had travelled to Ilha Grande, a popular destination among European tourists. Physicians and European travellers visiting Brazil should follow yellow fever vaccination recommendations.
Smartphone GP app service will divert funding from most needy, warns practice
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2018)

A GP practice in London has warned patients about the risks of joining the GP at Hand digital primary care service, saying that it could destabilise other services.

GP at Hand, a partnership between the Lillie Road Medical Centre in west London and the technology company Babylon, launched late last year and offers a mixture of “virtual” GP consultations by smartphone and face-to-face appointments.1

The Nightingale Practice in Hackney, London sent a message to patients on 1 March saying it had noticed that some patients had registered with the GP at Hand service without realising that this deregisters them from their local surgery.

It said that if patients wanted a local GP surgery that could offer face-to-face appointments then they should not register with GP …
Survival outcomes of pre-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and the burden of developing metastasis: A systematic literature review.
Authors: Neal D. Shore, Gershwinder Rai, Karim Fizazi, Laura Wilson, Lin Zhan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

293 Background: Surgical or medical castration is an important component of prostate cancer treatment. However, resistance develops in almost all men and poor prognosis has been established once the disease metastasizes. A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to explore the treatment options and survival outcomes associated with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and to understand the humanistic and economic impact of developing metastasis. Methods: The SLR was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement guidelines and guidance from the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination and Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Healthcare. The search designed to identify clinical and humanistic evidence from all countries and epidemiology, guidelines and economic evidence in Brazil, China, France, Germany, Japan, UK, and US. Results: Median overall survival for non-metastatic CRPC patients ranged from 44 to 74 months; median progression-free survival from 9 to 22 months; and median metastasis-free survival from 16 to 53 months. The most common form of metastasis was bone metastasis, which was associated with an increased risk of skeletal-related events (SREs). Quality-of-life was widely reported to decrease upon metastasis, driven by increased pain and SREs. Higher healthcare costs associated with metastatic CRPC were attributable to physician visits and treating bone-metastasis-related complications. Conclusions: Currently, there is a lack of approved therapies specifically for non-metastatic CRPC patients, who will invariably develop metastases with associated adverse clinical and economic implications. Delaying the onset of metastasis is an unmet clinical need for improved patient outcomes and couldl also lead to economic benefits for healthcare delivery systems.
Intercollegiate basic surgical skills course (BSS)
Authors: Shahbaz Malik, Shagufta Penkar
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The Royal College of Surgeons of England states that, “This three day course has been designed to introduce surgical trainees to safe surgical practice within a controlled workshop environment and it aims to ‘teach, assess and certify’ the ability of trainees to use safe and sound surgical techniques that are common to all forms of surgery”— (http://www.rcseng.ac.uk/education/courses/basic\_surgical\_skills.html?searchterm=bss)

The course is aimed at juniors of specialty trainee 1 level but foundation year doctors are also allowed to take the course, which runs for 2.5 days and takes place throughout the country at venues approved by the Royal College of Surgeons of England.

I did my course at Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust. The course is run twice a year there and usually does not clash with courses run by other trusts. Trainees sit around a working table where they may work alone or together. A basic surgical skills DVD is played and after each section trainees are allowed to carry out the procedure seen, with help from the faculty. Day 1 covers gowning and gloving; …
AGE-induced neuronal cell death is enhanced in G2019S LRRK2 mutation with increased RAGE expression
Authors: Hyun Jin Cho, Chengsong Xie, Huaibin Cai
Journal: Translational Neurodegeneration (2018)

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutations represent the most common genetic cause of sporadic and familial Parkinson's disease (PD). Especially, LRRK2 G2019S missense mutation has been identified as the most prevalent genetic cause in the late-onset PD. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are produced in high amounts in diabetes and diverse aging-related disorders, such as cardiovascular disease, renal disease, and neurological disease. AGEs trigger intracellular signaling pathway associated with oxidative stress and inflammation as well as cell death. RAGE, receptor of AGEs, is activated by interaction with AGEs and mediates AGE-induced cytotoxicity. Whether AGE and RAGE are involved in the pathogenesis of mutant LRRK2 is unknown.Using cell lines transfected with mutant LRRK2 as well as primary neuronal cultures derived from LRRK2 wild-type (WT) and G2019S transgenic mice, we compared the impact of AGE treatment on the survival of control and mutant cells by immunostaining. We also examined the levels of RAGE proteins in the brains of transgenic mice and PD patients by western blots.We show that LRRK2 G2019S mutant-expressing neurons were more sensitive to AGE-induced cell death compared to controls. Furthermore, we found that the levels of RAGE proteins were upregulated in LRRK2 G2019S mutant cells.These data suggest that enhanced AGE-RAGE interaction contributes to LRRK2 G2019S mutation-mediated progressive neuronal loss in PD.
CANGRELOR AS AN ANTIPLATELET BRIDGING STRATEGY IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE UNDERGOING CARDIAC AND NON-CARDIAC SURGERY
Authors: Victor Kairouz, Pujan Patel, Francesco Franchi, Nagaraju Deepa, Siva Suryadevara, Daniel Soffer, John Pirris, Martin Zenni, Theodore Bass, Dominick Angiolillo, Fabiana Rollini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
The Cost of Vancomycin and Piperacillin/Tazobactam Treatment—Reply
Authors: Kevin J. Downes, Benjamin L. Laskin, Brian T. Fisher
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
GP training in Croatia
Authors: Djurdjica Lazić
Journal: BMJ (2005)

“Although the costs of vocational training are mostly covered from the national budget, trainees also have to contribute themselves” 

Vocational training in family medicine (GP/FM) in Croatia started in 1961, and its golden period ran until about 1990. Generations of family medicine specialists became a well recognised group of professionals influencing health policy in Croatia. But as a result of economic and political changes in the 1990s, vocational training almost stopped. Consequently, general practitioners lost their position in the healthcare system and in society.

In 2003, vocational training was revitalised …
Enhancing Renal Lymphatic Expansion Prevents Hypertension in Mice
Authors: Catalina A. Lopez Gelston, Dakshnapriya Balasubbramanian, Gabriella R. Abouelkheir, Alexandra H. Lopez, Kayla R. Hudson, Eric R. Johnson, Mariappan Muthuchamy, Brett M. Mitchell, Joseph M. Rutkowski
Journal: Circulation Research (2018)

Hypertension is associated with renal infiltration of activated immune cells; however, the role of renal lymphatics and immune cell exfiltration is unknown.We tested the hypotheses that increased renal lymphatic density is associated with 2 different forms of hypertension in mice and that further augmenting renal lymphatic vessel expansion prevents hypertension by reducing renal immune cell accumulation.Mice with salt-sensitive hypertension or nitric oxide synthase inhibition-induced hypertension exhibited significant increases in renal lymphatic vessel density and immune cell infiltration associated with inflammation. Genetic induction of enhanced lymphangiogenesis only in the kidney, however, reduced renal immune cell accumulation and prevented hypertension.These data demonstrate that renal lymphatics play a key role in immune cell trafficking in the kidney and blood pressure regulation in hypertension.
Disposable <i>Morpho menelaus</i> Based Flexible Microfluidic and Electronic Sensor for the Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disease
Authors: Zhenzhu He, Abdelrahman Elbaz, Bingbing Gao, Junning Zhang, Enben Su, Zhongze Gu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)

Abstract Rapid early disease prevention or precise diagnosis is almost impossible in low‐resource settings. Natural ordered structures in nature have great potential for the development of ultrasensitive biosensors. Here, motivated by the unique structures and extraordinary functionalities of ordered structures in nature, a biosensor based on butterfly wings is presented. In this study, a flexible Morpho menelaus ( M. menelaus ) based wearable sensor is integrated with a microfluidic system and electronic networks to facilitate the diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease (ND). In the microfluidic section, the structural characteristics of the M. menelaus wings up layer are combined with SiO 2 nanoparticles to form a heterostructure. The fluorescent enhancement property of the heterostructure is used to increase the fluorescent intensity for multiplex detection of two proteins: IgG and AD7c‐NTP. For the electronic section, conductive ink is blade‐coated on the under layer of wings for measuring resistance change rate to obtain the frequency of static tremors of ND patients. The disposable M. menelaus based flexible microfluidic and electronic sensor enables biochemical–physiological hybrid monitoring of ND. The sensor is also amenable to a variety of applications, such as comprehensive personal healthcare and human‐machine interaction.
Primary atopic disorders
Authors: Jonathan J. Lyons, Joshua D. Milner
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2018)

Monogenic disorders have provided fundamental insights into human immunity and the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. The pathways identified as critical in the development of atopy range from focal defects in immune cells and epithelial barrier function to global changes in metabolism. A major goal of studying heritable single-gene disorders that lead to severe clinical allergic diseases is to identify fundamental pathways leading to hypersensitivity that can be targeted to provide novel therapeutic strategies for patients with allergic diseases, syndromic and nonsyndromic alike. Here, we review known single-gene disorders leading to severe allergic phenotypes in humans, discuss how the revealed pathways fit within our current understanding of the atopic diathesis, and propose how some pathways might be targeted for therapeutic benefit.
What interventions can improve quality of life or psychosocial factors of individuals with knee osteoarthritis? A systematic review with meta-analysis of primary outcomes from randomised controlled trials
Authors: Ronaldo Valdir Briani, Amanda Schenatto Ferreira, Marcella Ferraz Pazzinatto, Evangelos Pappas, Danilo De Oliveira Silva, Fábio Mícolis de Azevedo
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

Objective To systematically review evidence of primary outcomes from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effect of treatment strategies on quality of life (QoL) or psychosocial factors in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Design Systematic review with meta-analysis. Data sources Medline, Embase, SPORTDiscus, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Web of Science were searched from inception to November 2017. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies We included RCTs investigating the effect of conservative interventions on QoL or psychosocial factors in individuals with knee OA. Only RCTs considering these outcomes as primary were included. Results Pooled data supported the use of exercise therapy compared with controls for improving health-related and knee-related QoL. There was limited evidence that a combined treatment of yoga, transcutaneous electrical stimulation and ultrasound may be effective in improving QoL. Limited evidence supported the use of cognitive behavioural therapies (with or without being combined with exercise therapy) for improving psychosocial factors such as self-efficacy, depression and psychological distress. Summary/Conclusion Exercise therapy (with or without being combined with other interventions) seems to be effective in improving health-related and knee-related QoL or psychosocial factors of individuals with knee OA. In addition, evidence supports the use of cognitive behavioural therapies (with or without exercise therapy) for improving psychosocial factors such as self-efficacy, depression and psychological distress in individuals with knee OA. PROSPERO registration number CRD42016047602.
Abstract 16669: The Relationship Between Nicotine and Catecholamines to ECG Changes in Smokers
Authors: Affan B Irfan, Daniel Conklin, Timothy O'Toole, Rachel Keith, Natasha DeJarnett, Alex P Carll, Daniel Riggs, Sanjay Srivastava, Aruni Bhatnagar
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Smoking is a robust risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. While constituents of tobacco smoke that increase CVD risk remain unknown, some of the sympathomimetic and electro...
CLINICAL EVENTS AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION ON ELDERLY GERIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: Ryota Sato, Kenji Sakamoto, Seiji Hokimoto, Suguru Nagamatsu, Takayoshi Yamashita, Shuichi Oshima, Ryusuke Tsunoda, Koichi Nakao, Toshiyuki Matsumura, Kazuteru Fujimoto, Hideki Shimomura, Yasuhiro Izumiya, Sunao Kojima, Hisao Ogawa, Koichi Kaikita, Kenichi Tsujita
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Ask junior doctors, not “great and good,” why junior doctors don’t want to be GPs, article says
Authors: Tom Moberly
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Recruitment problems in general practice should be tackled by asking doctors in training why they do not want to be GPs rather than repeatedly seeking advice from “the great and the good,” an article in the British Journal of General Practice has argued.1

The authors of the article—Naomi Abbt, a foundation year 2 trainee in general practice, and Steven Alderson, a clinical fellow at the Faculty …