tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P124The ppargamma agonist pioglitazone reverses pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and prevents right heart failure through fatty acid oxidation (fao)
Authors: E Legchenko, P Chouvarine, P Borchert, A Fernandez-Gonzalez, E Snay, L Maegel, S A Mitsialis, E Rog-Zielinska, S Kourembanas, G Hansmann
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2018)
How many lymph nodes is enough? Defining the optimal lymph node dissection in stage I-III gastric cancer using the National Cancer Database.
Authors: Karna Tushar Sura, Hong Ye, Charles C Vu, John M. Robertson, Peyman Kabolizadeh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

4034 Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Surgical resection with lymph node dissection is the primary therapeutic modality. However, the appropriate extent of lymph node dissection remains controversial. Herein, the National Cancer Database (NCDB) was used to determine the optimal number of lymph nodes (LNs) to be dissected for resectable gastric cancer. Methods: The NCDB was queried from 2004-2013 for patients with invasive gastric cancer who underwent surgical resection with negative margins. The optimal number of LNs dissected was determined using a univariate χ2 cut-point analysis. Actuarial survival was determined using the Kaplan Meier method, and comparisons of survival estimates were completed with log-rank tests. Multiple sensitivity analyses were utilized to decrease bias. Results: 17,851 patients were included. The mean (±SD) number of LNs examined was 16 ± 11. For all patients, the optimal number of LNs needed to be examined was 20+ nodes. When correcting for stage migration ( &lt; 7 LNs removed), the optimal cut-off value was 20+ LNs. When stratifying by pathologic nodal stage, the cutpoint was 10+ LNs for pN1 and pN2. The 5-year survival was 30.6 ± 1.6% for 0-9 removed LNs compared to 48.2 ± 1.2% for 10+ removed LNs (p &lt; 0.001) in pN1 disease and 18.3 ± 1.7% for 0-9 removed LNs compared to 32.6 ± 1.2% for 10+ removed LNs (p &lt; 0.001) in pN2 disease. For pN3 disease, the optimal cut-off point was 20+ LNs; the 5-year survival was 17.2 ± 1.3% for 0-19 removed LNs compared to 28.5 ± 1.7% for 20+ removed LNs (p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, the outcome was inferior among patients who had &gt; 10% positive dissected LNs (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: The optimal number of dissected LNs of 20+ LNs was associated with superior survival. Extended LN dissection is to be considered especially in patients with &gt; 10% positive dissected LNs.
Abstract 12689: Cardiovascular Responses to Energy Drinks in a Healthy Population: The C-energy Study
Authors: Teri M Kozik, Mouchumi Bhattacharyya, Teresa T Nguyen, Therese F Connolly, Walther Chien, George Charos, Sachin Shah, Michele M Pelter
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Energy drinks are presumed to enhance energy, physical endurance, mood, and boost metabolism. Serious health risks have been reported with energy drink consumption such as myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, stroke, seizures, and arrhythmias. More than 20,000 emergency department visits related to energy drink consumption were reported in 2011. Little is known about the possible pathophysiological mechanisms and adverse events associated with energy drinks. Unlike the tobacco and alcohol industry, there are limited restrictions regulating the purchasing and marketing of these drinks. Purpose: To determine if consumption of energy drinks alter; vital signs (blood pressure, temperature), electrolytes (magnesium, potassium, calcium), activated bleeding time (ACT), or cardiac responses measured with a 12-lead electrocardiographic (ECG) Holter. Method: Subjects consumed two-16 ounce cans of an energy drink within one hour and remained in the lab where data was collected at base line (BL) and then during four hours post consumption (PC). Vital signs were taken every 30 minutes; blood samples were collected at BL, one, two and four hours PC and ECG data was collected throughout the entire study period. Paired students t-test and a corresponding non-parametric test (Wilcoxon signed rank) were used for analysis of the data. Results: Fourteen healthy young subjects were recruited (mean age 28.6 years). Systolic blood pressure (BL=132, ±7.83; PC= 151, ±11.21; p=.001); QTc interval (BL=423, ±22.74; PC=503, ±24.56; p&lt;.001); magnesium level (BL 2.04, ± 0.09; PC=2.13, ±0.15; p=.05); and calcium level (BL=9.31, ±.28; PC=9.52, ±.22; p=.018) significantly increased from BL. While potassium and ACT fluctuated (increase and decrease) no significant changes were observed. Eight of the fourteen subjects (57%) developed a QTc &gt;500 milliseconds PC. Conclusions: In our sample, consumption of energy drinks increased systolic blood pressure, serum magnesium and calcium, and resulted in repolarization abnormalities. Because these physiological responses can lead to arrhythmias and other abnormal cardiac responses, further study in a larger sample is needed to determine the effects and possible consequences of energy drink consumption.
TCTAP A-122 Gender Differences in Outcomes After Primary Angioplasty Versus Thrombolysis in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Nazim Megherbi, Wathik Takdemt, Said Benghezel, Redouane Nedjar, Mohamed Abed Bouraghda, Mohamed Chettibi, Mohamed Tahar Chafik Bouafia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Clonal CD4+ T cells in the HIV-1 latent reservoir display a distinct gene profile upon reactivation
Authors: Lillian B. Cohn, Israel T. da Silva, Renan Valieris, Amy S. Huang, Julio C. C. Lorenzi, Yehuda Z. Cohen, Joy A. Pai, Allison L. Butler, Marina Caskey, Mila Jankovic, Michel C. Nussenzweig
Journal: Nature Medicine (2018)
TCTAP A-158 The Influence of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Significant Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation in Patients with Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Sang Yong Om, Yong-Hoon Yoon, Minsoo Kim, Hanbit Park, Sang-Cheol Cho, Sangwoo Park, Tae-Oh Kim, Sun Hack Lee, Osung Kwon, Kyusup Lee, Do-Yoon Kang, Jung-Min Ahn, Duk-Woo Park, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
TCTAP C-222 Successful Balloon-expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve Prosthesis (Edwards SAPIEN 3) Insertion in Severe Bicuspid Aortic Valve Stenosis with Huge Annulus
Authors: Sang-Cheol Cho, Yong-Hoon Yoon, Minsoo Kim, Hanbit Park, Sang Yong Om, Sangwoo Park, Tae-Oh Kim, Sun Hack Lee, Osung Kwon, Kyusup Lee, Do-Yoon Kang, Jung-Min Ahn, Duk-Woo Park, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Understanding HDV and HBV dynamics during acute co-infection in humanized uPA/SCID chimeric mice using an agent-based modeling appraoch
Authors: U. Kumar, T. Uchida, A. Hailegiorgis, N. Hiraga, K. Walsh, M. Imamura, C. Koh, T. Heller, J. Glenn, S. Uprichard, K. Chayama, H. Dahari
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
PBI-4547 decreases hepatic stellate cell activation via AMPK signaling pathway, and reduces fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)-induced hepatic fibrosis model
Authors: François Sarra-Bournet, B. Grouix, K. Hince, A. Felton, Mikaël Tremblay, S. Abbott, J.-S. Duceppe, B. Zacharie, P. Laurin, L. Gagnon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
An integrated safety analysis of phase 2 studies of BMS-986036, a PEGylated fibroblast growth factor 21 analogue for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: D. Halegoua-Demarzio, E. Charles, B. Tetri, S. Kundu, G. Tirucherai, R. Christian
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Functional polymorphisms of innate immunity receptors are not risk factors for non-SBP type bacterial infections in cirrhosis
Authors: T. Tornai, T. Dinya, Z. Vitális, I. Tornai, B. Balogh, D. Tornai, P. Antal-Szalmás, A. Sümegi, H. Andrikovics, A. Bors, A. Tordai, M. Papp
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
The changing face of adult posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder: Changes in histology between 1999 and 2013
Authors: Donald E. Tsai, Stephen Bagley, Ran Reshef, Abraham Shaked, Roy D. Bloom, Vivek Ahya, Lee Goldberg, Albert Chung, Fotini Debonera, Stephen J. Schuster, Scott F. Huntington
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2018)

Abstract Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) typically presents with either polymorphic or monomorphic histology. While both are the end result of immunosuppressive therapies, their origins are felt to be different with different prognoses and responsiveness to therapy, resulting in 2 different malignancies. We attempted to confirm reports suggesting that the relative frequency of these 2 histologies is shifting over time. We analyzed 3040 adult PTLD cases in the UNOS OPTN database from 1999 to 2013. Changes in PTLD cases over time were analyzed for histology, time from transplant to diagnosis, and patient EBV serostatus. We found that the relative proportion of polymorphic versus monomorphic histology has changed with an increase in the proportion of monomorphic cases with time (1999‐2003, 54.9% vs. 45.1%; 2004‐2008, 58.3% vs. 41.7%; 2009‐2013, 69.7% vs. 30.3%; P = &lt;.001). The change is driven by a gradual increase in the number of monomorphic PTLD with a steady number of polymorphic PTLD. The change is most strongly seen in transplant recipients who were EBV serostatus positive at the time of transplant. Potential causes are changes in immunosuppressive regimens with increased tacrolimus use ( P = .009) and increased survival among transplant patients leading to later occurrence of PTLD ( P = .001) that have occurred during the time frame analyzed. As organ transplantation has evolved over time, PTLD has coevolved. These changes in histology have important implications regarding the origin and clinical management of PTLD.
Treatment of Stage IV Favorable Histology Wilms Tumor With Lung Metastases: A Report From the Children’s Oncology Group AREN0533 Study
Authors: David B. Dix, Nita L. Seibel, Yueh-Yun Chi, Geetika Khanna, Eric Gratias, James R. Anderson, Elizabeth A. Mullen, James I. Geller, John A. Kalapurakal, Arnold C. Paulino, Elizabeth J. Perlman, Peter F. Ehrlich, Marcio Malogolowkin, Julie M. Gastier-Foster, Elizabeth Wagner, Paul E. Grundy, Conrad V. Fernandez, Jeffrey S. Dome
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

Purpose The National Wilms Tumor Study (NWTS) treatment of favorable histology Wilms tumor with lung metastases was vincristine/dactinomycin/doxorubicin (DD4A) and lung radiation therapy (RT). The AREN0533 study applied a new risk stratification and treatment strategy to improve event-free survival (EFS) while reducing exposure to lung RT. Methods Patients with favorable histology Wilms tumor and isolated lung metastases showing complete lung nodule response (CR) after 6 weeks of DD4A continued receiving chemotherapy without lung RT. Patients with incomplete response (IR) or loss of heterozygosity at chromosomes 1p/16q received lung RT and four cycles of cyclophosphamide/etoposide in addition to DD4A drugs (Regimen M). AREN0533 was designed to preserve a 4-year EFS of 85% for lung nodule CR and improve 4-year EFS from 75% to 85% for lung nodule IR. Results Among 292 assessable patients, 133 had CR and 159 had IR. For patients with CR, 4-year EFS and overall survival (OS) estimates were 79.5% (95% CI, 71.2% to 87.8%) and 96.1% (95% CI, 92.1% to 100%), respectively. Expected versus observed event rates were 15% and 20.2% ( P = .052), respectively. For patients with IR, 4-year EFS and OS estimates were 88.5% (95% CI, 81.8% to 95.3%) and 95.4% (95% CI, 90.9% to 99.8%), respectively. Expected versus observed event rates were 25% and 12.2% ( P < .001), respectively. Overall, 4-year EFS and OS were 85.4% (95% CI, 80.5% to 90.2%) and 95.6% (95% CI, 92.8% to 98.4%) compared with 72.5% (95% CI, 66.9% to 78.1%; P < .001) and 84.0% (95% CI, 79.4% to 88.6%; P < .001), respectively, in the predecessor NWTS-5 study. Conclusion Excellent OS was achieved after omission of primary lung RT in patients with lung nodule CR, although there were more events than expected. EFS was significantly improved, with excellent OS, in patients with lung nodule IR using four cycles of cyclophosphamide/etoposide in addition to DD4A drugs. The overall AREN0533 treatment strategy yielded EFS and OS estimates that were superior to previous studies.
A randomized controlled trial protocol assessing the effectiveness, safety and cost-effectiveness of methotrexate vs. ciclosporin in the treatment of severe atopic eczema in children: the TREatment of severe Atopic eczema Trial (TREAT)
Authors: A.D. Irvine, A.P. Jones, P. Beattie, S. Baron, F. Browne, F. Ashoor, L. O'Neill, A. Rosala-Hallas, T. Sach, C. Spowart, L. Taams, C. Walker, M. Wan, N. Webb, P. Williamson, C. Flohr
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Oral systemic immunomodulatory medication is regularly used off‐licence in children with severe atopic eczema. However, there is no firm evidence regarding the effectiveness, safety, cost‐effectiveness and impact on quality of life from an adequately powered randomized controlled trial (RCT) using systemic medication in children. To assess whether there is a difference in the speed of onset, effectiveness, side‐effect profile and reduction in flares post‐treatment between ciclosporin (CyA) and methotrexate (MTX), and also the cost‐effectiveness of the drugs. Treatment impact on quality of life will also be examined in addition to whether FLG genotype influences treatment response. In addition, the trial studies the immune–metabolic effects of CyA and MTX. Multicentre, parallel group, assessor‐blind, pragmatic RCT of 36 weeks' duration with a 24‐week follow‐up period. In total, 102 children aged 2–16 years with moderate‐to‐severe atopic eczema, unresponsive to topical treatment will be randomized (1 : 1) to receive MTX (0·4 mg kg−1 per week) or CyA (4 mg kg−1 per day). The trial has two primary outcomes: change from baseline to 12 weeks in Objective Severity Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (o‐SCORAD) and time to first significant flare following treatment cessation. This trial addresses important therapeutic questions, highlighted in systematic reviews and treatment guidelines for atopic eczema. The trial design is pragmatic to reflect current clinical practice.
The Slippery Slope of Legalization of Physician-Assisted Suicide
Authors: Gary Schiller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Letters1 May 2018The Slippery Slope of Legalization of Physician-Assisted SuicideGary Schiller, MDGary Schiller, MDDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California (G.S.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L18-0019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read Kussmaul's editorial (1) with great interest. After more than 25 years of practice in hematologic oncology and bone marrow transplantation at an academic medical center, reading an editorial that clearly articulates the sanctity-of-life position that would make physician-assisted suicide unacceptable is gratifying. Physicians are given, by training and license, the tools to save or terminate a life. Given mankind's ability to rationalize self-interest and this society's worship at the altar of autonomy, a confluence of interests will militate for physician-assisted suicide. However, the autonomy of one should not denote the obligation of the other, especially ...Reference1. Kussmaul WG. The slippery slope of legalization of physician-assisted suicide. Ann Intern Med. 2017;167:595-6. [PMID: 28975201] doi:10.7326/M17-2072 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California (G.S.)Disclosures: The author has disclosed no conflicts of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L18-0019. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Slippery Slope of Legalization of Physician-Assisted Suicide William G. Kussmaul III The Slippery Slope of Legalization of Physician-Assisted Suicide William G. Kussmaul III The Slippery Slope of Legalization of Physician-Assisted Suicide John K. Weiser Metrics 1 May 2018Volume 168, Issue 9Page: 683KeywordsBone marrow transplantationConflicts of interestDisabilitiesDisclosureSuicide ePublished: 1 May 2018 Issue Published: 1 May 2018 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2018 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Effectiveness of the DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine against invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in the Netherlands (2003–16): a case-control study
Authors: Susana Monge, Susan JM Hahné, Hester E de Melker, Elisabeth AM Sanders, Arie van der Ende, Mirjam J Knol
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2018)
Limitations of the National Cancer Data Base to Evaluate Early-Stage Anal Cancer Treatment Outcomes—Reply
Authors: Christy Y. Chai, Hop S. Tran Cao, Nader N. Massarweh
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
The Accessory Olfactory System: Innately Specialized or Microcosm of Mammalian Circuitry?
Authors: Timothy E. Holy
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2018)

In mammals, the accessory olfactory system is a distinct circuit that has received attention for its role in detecting and responding to pheromones. While the neuroscientific investigation of this system is comparatively new, recent advances and its compact size have made it an attractive model for developing an end-to-end understanding of such questions as regulation of essential behaviors, plasticity, and individual recognition. Recent discoveries have indicated a need to reevaluate our conception of this system, suggesting that ( a) physical principles—rather than biological necessity—play an underappreciated role in its raison d'être and that ( b) the anatomy of downstream projections is not dominated by unique specializations but instead consists of an abbreviated cortical/basal ganglia motif reminiscent of other sensorimotor systems. These observations suggest that the accessory olfactory system distinguishes itself primarily by the physicochemical properties of its ligands, but its architecture is otherwise a microcosm of mammalian neurocircuitry.
Association Between Adjuvant Chemotherapy and Overall Survival in Patients With Rectal Cancer and Pathological Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Resection
Authors: Fahima Dossa, Sergio A. Acuna, Aaron S. Rickles, Mariana Berho, Steven D. Wexner, Fayez A. Quereshy, Nancy N. Baxter, Sami A. Chadi
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

<h3>Importance</h3> Although American guidelines recommend use of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, individuals who achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy are less likely to receive adjuvant treatment than incomplete responders. The association and resection of adjuvant chemotherapy with survival in patients with pCR is unclear. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who achieve pCR after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy and resection benefit from the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This retrospective propensity score–matched cohort study identified patients with locally advanced rectal cancer from the National Cancer Database from 2006 through 2012. We selected patients with nonmetastatic invasive rectal cancer who achieved pCR after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy and resection. <h3>Exposures</h3> We matched patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy to patients who did not receive adjuvant treatment in a 1:1 ratio. We separately matched subgroups of patients with node-positive disease before treatment and node-negative disease before treatment to investigate for effect modification by pretreatment nodal status. <h3>Main Outcome and Measures</h3> We compared overall survival between groups using Kaplan-Meier survival methods and Cox proportional hazards models. <h3>Results</h3> We identified 2455 patients (mean age, 59.5 years; 59.8% men) with rectal cancer with pCR after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy and resection. We matched 667 patients with pCR who received adjuvant chemotherapy and at least 8 weeks of follow-up after surgery to patients with pCR who did not receive adjuvant treatment. Over a median follow-up of 3.1 years (interquartile range, 1.94-4.40 years), patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy demonstrated better overall survival than those who did not receive adjuvant treatment (hazard ratio, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.28-0.70). When stratified by pretreatment nodal status, only those patients with pretreatment node-positive disease exhibited improved overall survival with administration of adjuvant chemotherapy (hazard ratio, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.10-0.58). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> The administration of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with rectal cancer with pCR is associated with improved overall survival, particularly in patients with pretreatment node-positive disease. Although this study suggests a beneficial effect of adjuvant treatment on survival in patients with pCR, these results are limited by the presence of potential unmeasured confounding in this nonrandomized study.
Doctors helped Greek crime ring steal cancer drugs for resale abroad
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Greek police have arrested 21 people including doctors, nurses, and pharmacists, alleging that they stole cancer drugs from the public health system to sell for a large mark-up in Italy, Germany, and Switzerland.

The scheme was masterminded by a 70 year old resident of Germany who managed a pharmacy there, said Hellenic Police spokesman Theodoros Chronopoulos. It …
Tacrolimus cumulative exposure after liver transplantation is associated with a progressive derangement of renal function despite routine dose adjustments
Authors: M. Rodríguez-Perálvarez, M. Guerrero, L.D. Luca, B. Gros, D. Thorburn, D. Patch, R. Westbrook, R. Fernández, P. Aguilar, J.L. Montero, J. O’beirne, J. Briceno, M.D.L.M. Garcia, E. Tsochatzis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)