tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Burden of HPV infection in the United States: NHANES (1999-2012).
Authors: Erin Dunn, Kevin J. Moore, Qingyun Liu, Stacey L. Tannenbaum, Tulay Koru-Sengul
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

1607 Background: Human Papilloma Viruses (HPVs) are a group of over 150 viruses. When certain types of HPV persist, benign tumors such as warts or papillomas can result. Other persistent HPV infections can play a role in causing cancer of the cervix, penis, anus, vagina, vulva, and oropharynx. National population-based surveys of HPV infection provide estimates of population-specific prevalence, trend, and determinants to identify the burden of HPV. Determining the burden of HPV infection is crucial for future public health efforts. Methods: We looked at prevalence of HPV infections, both by DNA (females only) and oral testing (females and males) in the US from 1999-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to obtain a representative sample of the US non-institutionalized civilian population. NHANES performs in-person interviews and physical examinations and collects biological samples at homes and at mobile examination centers. We provided epidemiology of HPV infection and its types for females and males. Analysis was performed by SAS v9.3 (SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC USA) with survey procedures to take into account the sampling design. Results: Orally-measured HPV infection affected 7.3% of the US population with the most frequent being HPV 16 (n=276,335) and HPV 62 (n=221,320) and least frequent being HPV 26 (n=736.615). Using the oral test, men had the highest prevalence of general HPV infection (74.4%) and high risk HPV (79.4%). Whites had the highest prevalence of HPV infection (61.7%) and of high risk HPV (69.2%). “Other races” had the lowest HPV infection (4.7%) and high risk HPV (3.5%). DNA-measured HPV affected 42.9% of US women, with HPV 62/53 most and HPV 64 least frequently. DNA-measured HPV showed non-Hispanic White women had the highest prevalence in general (62.0%) and for high risk HPV (62.5%). “Other races” had the lowest prevalence of overall HPV (5.1%), while “other Hispanic” had the lowest burden of high-risk HPV (4.9%). Conclusions: Using a large population-based survey,our results show the variation of HPV by test and type. Understanding the burden of HPV infection, especially the types that are linked to cancer, may provide a base for future cancer prevention programs via screening, vaccination, health promotion and literacy.
Bawa-Garba granted Court of Appeal challenge against erasure ruling
Authors: Deborah Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Hadiza Bawa-Garba, a trainee paediatrician convicted of gross negligence manslaughter, has been granted leave to challenge her erasure from the medical register in the Court of Appeal.

In a decision handed down on 28 March, Lord Justice Simon granted permission for Bawa-Garba to challenge a High Court ruling to strike her off the register. The case should be heard by the end of July.

Bawa-Garba told The BMJ she was “relieved permission to appeal has been granted” and was grateful to her legal team and supporters.

In June 2017, the doctor was suspended from the medical register for 12 months by a medical practitioners’ tribunal following her conviction of gross negligence manslaughter for the death of 6 year old Jack Adcock. But, in January this year, the High Court ruled that Bawa-Garba must be struck off, after the General Medical Council appealed the tribunal’s decision.

The move led to an outcry from doctors, who believe Bawa-Garba should not have been singled out for …
Feasibility of transgastric and transcolonic peritoneoscopy combined with intraperitoneal endoscopic ultrasonography
Authors: RP Voermans, MI Van Berge Henegouwen, WA Bemelman, P Fockens
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Background: If Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) peritoneoscopy is to become an alternative to diagnostic laparoscopy, it has to cover its full diagnostic potentials. Until now there have been no reports of intraperitoneal endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in NOTES.
Trends and Patterns of Differences in Infectious Disease Mortality Among US Counties, 1980-2014
Authors: Charbel el Bcheraoui, Ali H. Mokdad, Laura Dwyer-Lindgren, Amelia Bertozzi-Villa, Rebecca W Stubbs, Chloe Morozoff, Shreya Shirude, Mohsen Naghavi, Christopher J. L. Murray
Journal: JAMA (2018)

<h3>Importance</h3> Infectious diseases are mostly preventable but still pose a public health threat in the United States, where estimates of infectious diseases mortality are not available at the county level. <h3>Objective</h3> To estimate age-standardized mortality rates and trends by county from 1980 to 2014 from lower respiratory infections, diarrheal diseases, HIV/AIDS, meningitis, hepatitis, and tuberculosis. <h3>Design and Setting</h3> This study used deidentified death records from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) and population counts from the US Census Bureau, NCHS, and the Human Mortality Database. Validated small-area estimation models were applied to these data to estimate county-level infectious disease mortality rates. <h3>Exposures</h3> County of residence. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Age-standardized mortality rates of lower respiratory infections, diarrheal diseases, HIV/AIDS, meningitis, hepatitis, and tuberculosis by county, year, and sex. <h3>Results</h3> Between 1980 and 2014, there were 4 081 546 deaths due to infectious diseases recorded in the United States. In 2014, a total of 113 650 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 108 764-117 942) deaths or a rate of 34.10 (95% UI, 32.63-35.38) deaths per 100 000 persons were due to infectious diseases in the United States compared to a total of 72 220 (95% UI, 69 887-74 712) deaths or a rate of 41.95 (95% UI, 40.52-43.42) deaths per 100 000 persons in 1980, an overall decrease of 18.73% (95% UI, 14.95%-23.33%). Lower respiratory infections were the leading cause of infectious diseases mortality in 2014 accounting for 26.87 (95% UI, 25.79-28.05) deaths per 100 000 persons (78.80% of total infectious diseases deaths). There were substantial differences among counties in death rates from all infectious diseases. Lower respiratory infection had the largest absolute mortality inequality among counties (difference between the 10th and 90th percentile of the distribution, 24.5 deaths per 100 000 persons). However, HIV/AIDS had the highest relative mortality inequality between counties (10.0 as the ratio of mortality rate in the 90th and 10th percentile of the distribution). Mortality from meningitis and tuberculosis decreased over the study period in all US counties. However, diarrheal diseases were the only cause of infectious diseases mortality to increase from 2000 to 2014, reaching a rate of 2.41 (95% UI, 0.86-2.67) deaths per 100 000 persons, with many counties of high mortality extending from Missouri to the northeastern region of the United States. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Between 1980 and 2014, there were declines in mortality from most categories of infectious diseases, with large differences among US counties. However, over this time there was an increase in mortality for diarrheal diseases.
LOW VOLUME VERSUS HIGH-VOLUME PREPARATION FOR BOWEL CLEANSING IN PEDIATRIC COLONOSCOPY
Authors: O Belei, L Olariu, T Marcovici, O Marginean
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Bowel preparation regimens for colonoscopy are not standardized in children. Optimal intestinal cleanliness is pivotal for safety and quality of pediatric colonoscopy. The objective was to compare the effectiveness and adherence of four different regimens of one day preparation for colonoscopy in children.
GASTRIC PER ORAL ENDOSCOPIC PYLOROMYOTOMY AS A TREATMENT FOR GASTROPARESIA
Authors: Y Mourabit, V Huberty, M Barthet, H Nehaus
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Gastroparesis is a frequent and chronic disorder associated with high morbidity, reduced quality of life. Most of the current pharmacotherapies aim to stimulate gastric motility however they show limited results and significant safety risks. Other therapies aim to diminish pyloric tone, as such, botulinum toxin has been proposed, however recent controlled trials did not find any difference compared to placebo. Based on the results of pyloric aimed therapies and the growth of submucosal endoscopy, endoscopic pyloromyotomy has been proposed and 2 uncontrolled retrospective studies have shown encouraging results.
Small-bowel endoscopy
Authors: G. Eisen, M. Schreiner
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Small-bowel endoscopy innovations in the past year have included increasing our understanding of the capabilities and limitations of capsule endoscopy (CE), and expanding the use of this technique [1] [2] [3]. Enough data have accumulated on the use of CE in Crohn’s disease (CD) to enable a meta-analysis to be carried out. In addition, knowledge and experience are evolving with double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) [4] [5]. These two technologies may well complement each other in evaluating patients with suspected small-bowel pathologies [6].
Downregulation of Membrane Trafficking Proteins and Lactate Conditioning Determine Loss of Dendritic Cell Function in Lung Cancer
Authors: Nicoletta Caronni, Francesca Simoncello, Francesca Stafetta, Corrado Guarnaccia, Juan Sebastian Ruiz-Moreno, Bastian Opitz, Thierry Galli, Veronique Proux-Gillardeaux, Federica Benvenuti
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Restoring antigen presentation for efficient and durable activation of tumor-specific CD8+ T-cell responses is pivotal to immunotherapy, yet the mechanisms that cause subversion of dendritic cell (DC) functions are not entirely understood, limiting the development of targeted approaches. In this study, we show that bona fide DCs resident in lung tumor tissues or DCs exposed to factors derived from whole lung tumors become refractory to endosomal and cytosolic sensor stimulation and fail to secrete IL12 and IFNI. Tumor-conditioned DC exhibited downregulation of the SNARE VAMP3, a regulator of endosomes trafficking critical for cross-presentation of tumor antigens and DC-mediated tumor rejection. Dissection of cell-extrinsic suppressive pathways identified lactic acid in the tumor microenvironment as sufficient to inhibit type-I IFN downstream of TLR3 and STING. DC conditioning by lactate also impacted adaptive function, accelerating antigen degradation and impairing cross-presentation. Importantly, DCs conditioned by lactate failed to prime antitumor responses in vivo. These findings provide a new mechanistic viewpoint to the concept of DC suppression and hold potential for future therapeutic approaches. Significance: These findings provide insight into the cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic mechanisms that cause loss of presentation of tumor-specific antigens in lung cancer tissues. Cancer Res; 78(7); 1685–99. ©2018 AACR.
DISSECTION OF NEOPLASTIC POLYPS IN THE COLON USING ENDOSCOPIC FULL-THICKNESS RESECTION (EFTR)
Authors: PL del Mazo Tomé, A Toledo Soriano, C Riesgo Rubio, M Del Mar Gutiérrez García, M Covadonga Álvarez Beares, EC Viñuela Lobo
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Objectify treatment evolution of neoplastic polyps in the colon using Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection (EFTR) at Central University Hospital of Asturias.
UNDERWATER ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL RESECTION (UEMR) FOR COLORECTAL LESIONS IN CHALLENGING SITUATIONS
Authors: H Uchima, J Sánchez, L Torrealba, M Albert, C Rosales, C Huertas, M Figa, M Hombrados, R Louvriex, J Turro, A Mata, X Aldeguer, J Espinos
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Demographic, clinical, endoscopic and histological data were collected from patients that underwent UEMR between May 2016 and September 2017 in 3 hospitals. UEMR was performed according to the technique described by Binmoeller, with some minor modifications. All the lesions with nonlifting sign, involvement of appendix orifice and ileocecal valve were included in this study. Technical success was defined as a complete resection of the visible lesion at the index procedure.
Robert Kerns, PhD: Researching Nondrug Approaches to Pain Management
Authors: Jennifer Abbasi
Journal: JAMA (2018)

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Variations interendoscopistes observées dans le cadre du dépistage organisé du cancer colorectal après test Hémoccult® positif
Authors: JF Bretagne, S Hamonic, C Piette, S Manfredi, E Leray, G Durand, F Riou
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Objectif: Il existe des variations de performance de la coloscopie entre endoscopistes, mais elles n'ont été que peu évaluées en pratique courante en France, et jamais dans le cadre du dépistage généralisé du cancer colorectal par test Hémoccult®. Il apparaissait d'autant plus important de le faire que la valeur prédictive d'un test Hémoccult® positif est élevée pour la détection des cancers et des adénomes.
Panitumumab as a single agent in 269 metastatic colorectal cancer patients in the real practice: A post EMA approval study.
Authors: Francoise Grude, Jean François Ramée, Laurent Guivarch, Sophie Rochard, Olivier Dupuis, Chrystelle Grollier, Veronique Guerin-Meyer, Pierre Leynia, Marc Porneuf, Elodie Peguet, Eveline Boucher, Claude Bertrand, Philippe Deguiral, Laurent Derenne, Nacredine Achour, Bernadette Person, Marie-Annick Lebot, Christian Riche, Jean Philippe Metges, Jean Yves Douillard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e14148 Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) management has been improved by targeted therapies. The evaluation of the use of panitumumab (PANI), after approval, in the real life is strategic to assess health politics. Clinical trials concern usually patients younger and with better health status. Little is known about elderly people (over 70 years old). The observatory of Cancer Bretagne - Pays de Loire is a network of private and public cancer centers. Methods: Patients with wild-type KRAS, EGFR-expressing, mCRC progressing after fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan-containing chemotherapy , received PANI,6 mg/kg biweekly. Sex, age, primary tumor, line of treatment, toxicity, reason of discontinuation, response, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were collected. Results: 269 patients (183 men and 86 women) treated between second half of 2008 and end of 2010 have been included. Median age: 67 years [36-90] (Amado et al, 2008 : 62.5 years [29-82]). Primary tumor was : colon (74%), rectum (24%) and double site (2%). PANI was used mostly at line 2 (19%), 3 (31%) or 4 (29%). Discontinuation of treatment was due to disease progression: 53%, death: 12% and toxicities: 5% (skin toxicities 3.5%). Clinical response was evaluated for the first 201 patients: partial response (PR): 20%, stable disease (SD): 19% and progression (P): 60% (Amado et al, 2008 PR : 17%, SD : 34%, P : 49%). Median duration of treatment was 2.3 months [0.26-17.52]. Median of OS was 6.71 months which is lower than previously described (Amado : 8.1 months). Median duration between end of treatment and death when death is the cause of end of treatment was 17 days [4-57] (n=24). From our data of 269 patients, a comparison between 123 patients over 70 and 146 patients under 69 will be shown at the meeting. Conclusions: Analysis of patients treated with PANI for a mCRC allows assessing the proper, per label use, in the real life. Complete results on clinical response, PFS, OS and safety as well as previously published data will be shown at the meeting.
STENOSES OF THE ESOPHAGUS: ETIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND THERAPEUTIC (ABOUT 593 CASES) MOROCCAN CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: I Nakhcha, I Benelbarhdadi, F Zehra Ajana
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Through this work, we report the experience of our service with regard to the diagnosis and management of oesophageal stenoses, all etiologies combined.
CONTRIBUTION OF COLONOSCOPY IN PATIENTS COMPLAINING OF CONSTIPATION
Authors: S Jardak, M Medhioub, K Agar, L Hamzaoui, A Khsiba, M Msaddak Azzouz
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Constipation is a common gastrointestinal complaint. Its association with an organic colic disease, especially a colorectal cancer (CRC) is controversial.
Première expérience française d'un mini cholangio-pancréatoscope à usage et opérateur uniques: le spyglass. Résultats à propos de 21 patients
Authors: R Laugier, A Laquiere
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Introduction: La cholangioscopie s'est peu développée du fait de son coût en matériel très fragile et de la nécessité de réunir en même temps deux endoscopistes expérimentés autour d'un même patient. La firme Boston Scientific propose le Spyglass, cholangioscope 10 F à usage unique mais aussi opérateur unique qui permet l'accès et donc l'examen visuel direct des voies biliaires et du wirsung. Muni d'un canal opérateur, et d'un système d'irrigation, il permet de guider biopsies et lithotrities sous contrôle direct de la vue.
RECOGNITION OF COLORECTAL SESSILE SERRATED ADENOMA/POLYP (SSA/P) COULD BE IMPROVED IN BOTH ENDOSCOPISTS AND PATHOLOGISTS (P.S.: THIS ARTICLE WAS SELECTED AS POSTER DEMONSTRATION IN DDW 2017)
Authors: WH Hsu, DCW Huang, K Ting, ELT Yuan, K Chen, SC Chou
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

The diagnosis of “colorectal sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P)” is released by WHO classification system of tumor of the digestive system in 2010. From literature, the endoscopic detection and pathologic diagnosis varies among centers. Besides, colorectal SSA/P is easily overlooked under endoscopy and mis-diagnosed as hyperplastic polyp under microscopy. Thus, we intended to analyze the changes of endoscopic detection and pathologic diagnosis after 2010, along with related factors.
Antipsychotic drugs versus cognitive behavioural therapy versus a combination of both in people with psychosis: a randomised controlled pilot and feasibility study
Authors: Anthony P Morrison, Heather Law, Lucy Carter, Rachel Sellers, Richard Emsley, Melissa Pyle, Paul French, David Shiers, Alison R Yung, Elizabeth K Murphy, Natasha Holden, Ann Steele, Samantha E Bowe, Jasper Palmier-Claus, Victoria Brooks, Rory Byrne, Linda Davies, Peter M Haddad
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2018)
Timely follow‐up of positive cancer screening results: A systematic review and recommendations from the <scp>PROSPR</scp> Consortium
Authors: Chyke A. Doubeni, Nicole B. Gabler, Cosette M. Wheeler, Anne Marie McCarthy, Philip E. Castle, Ethan A. Halm, Mitchell D. Schnall, Celette S. Skinner, Anna N. A. Tosteson, Donald L. Weaver, Anil Vachani, Shivan J. Mehta, Katharine A. Rendle, Stacey A. Fedewa, Douglas A. Corley, Katrina Armstrong
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2018)

Abstract Timely follow‐up for positive cancer screening results remains suboptimal, and the evidence base to inform decisions on optimizing the timeliness of diagnostic testing is unclear. This systematic review evaluated published studies regarding time to follow‐up after a positive screening for breast, cervical, colorectal, and lung cancers. The quality of available evidence was very low or low across cancers, with potential attenuated or reversed associations from confounding by indication in most studies. Overall, evidence suggested that the risk for poorer cancer outcomes rises with longer wait times that vary within and across cancer types, which supports performing diagnostic testing as soon as feasible after the positive result, but evidence for specific time targets is limited. Within these limitations, we provide our opinion on cancer‐specific recommendations for times to follow‐up and how existing guidelines relate to the current evidence. Thresholds set should consider patient worry, potential for loss to follow‐up with prolonged wait times, and available resources. Research is needed to better guide the timeliness of diagnostic follow‐up, including considerations for patient preferences and existing barriers, while addressing methodological weaknesses. Research is also needed to identify effective interventions for reducing wait times for diagnostic testing, particularly in underserved or low‐resource settings. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:199–216 . © 2018 American Cancer Society .
Comparaison par tirage au sort de l'endoprothèse versus la chirurgie en urgence dans le traitement à visée curative des cancers coliques gauches en occlusion
Authors: F Borie, K Slim, F Kwiatkowski, F Michot, B Millat
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

But: Le principe de la pose d'une endoprothèse pour cancers coliques gauches en occlusion est de lever l'obstruction colique et permettre une résection élective à visée curative sans stomie systématique. Le but de cette étude était de tester l'efficacité de la pose d'une endoprothèse colique dans la réduction du taux de stomies.
ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT OF LARGE CHOLEDOCHAL STONES AND CHOLEDOCHAL STONING: SUCCESS RATE, COMPLICATIONS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS
Authors: K Loubaris, H Seddik, S Berrag, S Jamal, A Aomari, H Boutallaka, I El Koti, A Benkirane
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Evaluate the success rate, the factors influencing and the complications of endoscopic treatment of large choledochal stones and choledochal stoning.