tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of amateur boxing before and after the 2013 rules change and the impact on boxers’ safety
Authors: Philip Davis, Robert Waldock, Andrew Connorton, Sonny Driver, Sean Anderson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

The effect of the rules change in 2013 on amateur boxing strategy, technique and safety in comparison with pre-2013 is unknown.Pre-2013 and post-2013 3×3 min elite level amateur boxing was compared from video footage of 29 Olympic (pre-2013) and 50 World Championship bouts (post-2013) totalling 99 male boxers (mean±SD) age: 24.3±3.2 years, height: 177.3±11.3 cm and body mass: 70.7±16.4 kg.Many techniques that were dominant pre-2013 were used less post-2013, including: total punches thrown, rear hand punches, hook rear hand, punches landed, uppercut punches, total punches to the body (all <0.05), while movement around the ring and defensive movements were higher post-2013 (both p<0.004). Post-2013 boxers have increased their foot movement by 20% to move in and then away from their opponent, combined with long-range punches and deliberate defensive movements. The percentage of rounds where standing counts were issued changed from 9% to 3% pre-2013 to post-2013. However, pre-2013, 1.7% of bouts did not last the full duration due to referee stoppage, while post-2013, this increased to 4.2% as a result of two knockouts and eight technical knockouts.Boxers should be aware of the large changes in technical demands of boxing. An increased risk of concussive or traumatic brain injury post-2013 is equivocal. However, an increase in skin splits and technical knockouts is apparent. It is likely that boxers believe head guard removal has made them more prone to knockouts.
Impact of dose intensity of capox and mFOLFOX6 on survival of stage III colorectal cancer patients: A retrospective analysis at two Canadian institutions between 2006-2013.
Authors: Aline Mamo, Ayesha Baig, Young soo Rho, Tomas Kavan, Jacob C. Easaw, Gerald Batist, Petr Kavan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e14664 Background: Standard of care in the treatment of stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) involves 6 months of adjuvant combination chemotherapy with 5-FU and oxaliplatin. Despite lack of true comparative study, 2 regimens FOLFOX (MOSAIC trial) and CAPOX (XELOXA trial) are believed to be similar in their efficacy and tolerability. However, the latter has been disputed as real-life data presented from Canada has shown CAPOX to be more toxic, leading to more frequent rate of reduction in its dose intensity. Consequently, its impact on clinical outcomes has been brought to question. Methods: A retrospective data review was conducted by Segal Cancer Centre (SCC) Quebec, and Tom Baker Cancer Centre (TBCC) Alberta, on patients with stage III CRC between 2006-2013. Patients were treated with either CAPOX or mFOLFOX6 as per Canadian treatment guidelines. Primary endpoints were dose intensity and toxicity with secondary endpoints disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: 180 patients (80 SCC, 100 TBCC, male n = 98, median age = 60 years) were enrolled. 75 were assigned CAPOX and 105 mFOLFOX6. In CAPOX group, we obtained a 24% capecitabine dose reduction from the theoretical standard dose intensity as compared to 14% 5-FU in mFOLFOX6 regimen (p = 0.0014). Similarly, oxaliplatin dose reduction in CAPOX versus mFOLFOX6 was significant (28% versus 15% respectively (p = 0.0001)). 50% patients on mFOLFOX6 had treatment delays of more than 1 cycle as compared to those receiving CAPOX (p = 0.03855). Toxicity was more frequently reported in mFOLFOX6 patients: nausea (30% versus 18%); diarrhea (47% versus 24%); peripheral sensory neuropathy (32% versus 3%). After follow-up of 40 months, preliminary data showed no DFS survival difference between the 2 cohorts (p = 0.598). More than 90% of patients treated with either CAPOX or mFOLFOX6 were still alive. Pooled data from both institutions were separately analyzed and no significant differences were found (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusions: Our results addressed the dose intensity, safety and efficacy of CAPOX and mFOLFOX6 regimens in adjuvant setting and supported CAPOX use despite lack of head to head randomized trial data.
Association of HIV Status With Outcomes of Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Alex K. Bryant, Minh-Phuong Huynh-Le, Daniel R. Simpson, Samir Gupta, Andrew B. Sharabi, James D. Murphy
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

This study uses data from the Veterans Affairs database to examine the association of HIV status with outcomes in patients with anal cancer.
Preliminary results from KEYNOTE-055: Pembrolizumab after platinum and cetuximab failure in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
Authors: Joshua Bauml, Tanguy Y. Seiwert, David G. Pfister, Francis P. Worden, Stephen V. Liu, Jill Gilbert, Nabil F. Saba, Jared Weiss, Lori J. Wirth, Ammar Sukari, Hyunseok Kang, Michael K. Gibson, Erminia Massarelli, Steven Francis Powell, Amy Meister, Xinxin Shu, Jonathan D. Cheng, Robert I. Haddad
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

6011 Background: Current treatment options for patients (pts) with recurrent/metastatic (R/M) HNSCC who progress on platinum and cetuximab have very limited efficacy. Pembrolizumab, an anti–PD-1 antibody that blocks the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1 and PD-L2, showed promising antitumor activity in R/M HNSCC in the KEYNOTE-012 trial. We present preliminary results from the phase 2, nonrandomized KEYNOTE-055 (NCT02255097) study evaluating pembrolizumab after progression on platinum and cetuximab in R/M HNSCC. Methods: Pts receive pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks. Key eligibility criteria include R/M HNSCC resistant to platinum and cetuximab therapies, measurable disease, and ECOG PS 0-1. Primary outcomes include overall response rate (ORR, RECIST v1.1 by central imaging vendor) performed every 6-9 wk and safety. Adverse events (AEs) were graded using CTCAE, v4.0. Results: In total, 172 pts were enrolled for safety, efficacy, and biomarker analyses. Preliminary analyses for this abstract focus on the first 50 pts enrolled. Median age was 59 y; 80% were male; 84% had ≥ 2 prior lines of therapy for metastatic disease. Median follow-up time was 6.8 mo (range, 0-12.1). Thirty-five (70%) pts experienced a treatment-related AE (TRAE), with 6 (12.0%) pts experiencing a grade 3-5 TRAE. Two (4%) pts discontinued and 1 (2%) pt died because of a TRAE. AEs of special immunologic interest occurred in 11 (22%) pts; hypothyroidism (n = 7; all grade 2) and pneumonitis (n = 2, grade 2; n = 1, grade 5) were the most common. Nine pts had a confirmed PR for an ORR of 18.0% (95% CI 8.6-31.4). Five pts had ongoing responses at the data cutoff. The stable disease rate was 18.0% (n = 9; 95% CI 8.6-31.4). Conclusions: These preliminary results confirm findings from KEYNOTE-012, which demonstrate that pembrolizumab has clinically significant antitumor activity and is well tolerated among pts with heavily pretreated R/M HNSCC. Further analyses in the total study population, including HPV status and response by anatomic site, will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT02255097.
PTU-083 Early specialist follow-up of patients recently hospitalised for decompensated chronic liver disease is associated with improved clinical outcomes
Authors: C Lane, L Burke, L Corless
Journal: Gut (2017)

Introduction  The benefit of early specialist outpatient follow-up (FU) in patients admitted with decompensated chronic liver disease (DCLD) is unclear, although evidence from the United States suggests reduced overall mortality 1 . Applicability to United Kingdom practice is unknown, where in-patient care may be managed by general physicians, gastroenterologists or dedicated hepatologists.  We introduced a discharge clinic (DC) for early (within 14 days) specialist FU of all DCLD admissions, and compared clinic outcomes of those who did and did not attend (DNA).  Method  A retrospective cohort study was conducted of all patients offered DC review following DCLD admission at our service from May 2014-June 2015. Survival, readmission, future clinic attendance and timely variceal/hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) surveillance and dietetic review were compared between attenders and DNA.  Results  77 patients were included; 70.2% had alcohol related disease. Commonest causes for admission were ascites (34.4%) and jaundice (15.1%). 57 (74%) of survivors attended DC.  Attenders had significantly increased mean survival compared to DNA (552 vs 428 days; p=0.0397), and were also more likely to attend subsequent clinical FU (mean attendances 2.65 vs 1.25; p=0.0006). There was a trend towards reduced readmission rate in attenders which did not reach significance (2.12 vs 2.55 admissions; p=0.5828).  In attenders, Child-Pugh (CP) score improved from admission to DC (9-8; p=0.0023), and from admission to 6 months later (p=0.0197). Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score improved from admission to DC (15-12; p=0.023) and from admission to 4 months later (p=0.016); this benefit was still observed at 15 months (p=0.0115). DNA showed no significant improvement between admission and 6 month CP (p=0.0991) or 4 month MELD score (p=0.3959).  Many patients did not have varices/HCC surveillance arranged pre-discharge, which was instead booked at DC. Although rates of variceal surveillance did not significantly vary between attenders and DNA (93% vs 80%; p=0.1942), DNA were significantly less likely to enter HCC surveillance (80% vs 100%; p=0.0036). Finally, attenders were more likely to have had dietetic review or assessment (87.7% vs 65%; p=  Conclusion  DC attendance was associated with superior survival and reduced CP/MELD scores over time, and improved rates of varices/HCC surveillance and dietetic input. This suggests there may an important role for early specialist FU of DCLD in improving clinical outcomes.  Reference  . Kanwalet al. Hepatology. 2016Aug;64(2):569–81.  Disclosure of Interest  None Declared
Abstract 17681: Stress Cardiomyopathy Developed in Patients With Cancer: Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes
Authors: Yeong jin Jeong, Ju Hyeon Kim, Jinoh Park, Cheol Hyun Lee, Min Soo Cho, Jae Seok Bae, Yu Na Kim, Pil Hyung Lee, Jeong Yoon Jang, Sahmin Lee, Dae-Hee Kim, Jong-Min Song, Kee-Joon Choi, Duk-Hyun Kang, Jae-Kwan Song
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Sporadic case reports have shown that stress cardiomyopathy (SCM) can happen during treatment of underlying malignancy. However, clinical association between cancer and SCM needs further investigation. Methods: Echocardiographic data base from Jan 2009 to June 2014 was used to identify SCM patients in whom clinical and imaging data information was used to rule out classic myocardial infarction. Clinical characteristics, underlying comorbidities, and outcomes including in-hospital mortality were explored. Results: We retrospectively identified 549 consecutive patients (age, 64±15 years; 328 female) with SCMP in a single tertiary referral hospital. Among them, 210 patients had an active history of cancer (group 1, 38%), whereas the resting 339 did not (group 2). Hematologic malignancy including leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma was the most common (n=44, 21.0%), followed by lung (n=39, 18.6%), stomach (7.6%), ovary (6.2%), and colorectal cancer (5.7%). Group 1 was characterized by younger age (62±13 vs. 65±16 years, p=0.002) with lower frequency of coronary risk factors, lower prevalence of female gender (54±63%, p=0.04), and lower frequency of underlying comorbidities including renal failure, stroke and heart failure. Physical illness associated with underlying medical conditions such as sepsis was the most common triggering event (79%), followed by routine surgery or procedure (18%); SCM triggered by emotional stress is very rare (&lt;5%). Typical apical ballooning was present in 70% with atypical apical-sparing ballooning in 30% and this pattern did not show any difference between two groups. Left ventricular ejection fraction was lower in group 1 with higher prevalence of right ventricular ballooning, pulmonary hypertension and pericardial effusion. Hospital mortality was higher in group 1 (29% vs 20%, p=0.017) and active history of cancer was an independent factor associated with hospital mortality (odds ratio 1.60, 95% CI 1.063 - 2.410, p = 0.024). SCM development was not associated with history and timing of chemotherapy, which did not affect hospital mortality either. Conclusions: Cancer is an important risk factor of SCM development in a tertiary referral hospital and should be considered a poor prognostic factor.
Lgr6 is a stem cell marker in mouse skin squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Phillips Y Huang, Eve Kandyba, Arnaud Jabouille, Jonas Sjolund, Atul Kumar, Kyle Halliwill, Melissa McCreery, Reyno DelRosario, Hio Chung Kang, Christine E Wong, Jost Seibler, Vincent Beuger, Maurizio Pellegrino, Adam Sciambi, Dennis J Eastburn, Allan Balmain
Journal: Nature Genetics (2017)
Clinical and haemodynamic risk factors associated with discrepancies in lower limb length with capillary malformations: data from the national paediatric French cohort CONAPE
Authors: M. Samimi, M. Durieux-Verde, A. Caille, J. Mazereeuw-Hautier, O. Boccara, L. Martin, C. Chiaverini, C. Eschard, N. Beneton, P. Vabres, X. Balguerie, P. Plantin, D. Bessis, S. Barbarot, A. Dadban, C. Droitcourt, S. Leducq, G. Lorette, B. Morel, A. Maruani
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

Genetics discoveries have allowed for a better understanding of capillary malformations (CMs) associated with overgrowth syndrome. However, molecular analyses are still not easy to perform or interpret. Other analytical methods are needed. To identify clinical and haemodynamic factors associated with leg length discrepancy (LLD) in children with CMs of the lower limbs. Data were obtained from the multicentre French national cohort CONAPE (COhorte Nationale d'enfants atteints d'Angiome Plan de membrE inférieur), from children aged 2–12 years old with CMs of the lower limbs. Clinical characteristics were prospectively collected. Haemodynamic factors were measured by an sonographer who calculated the arterial blood flow (ABF) in both lower limbs. An ABF difference ≥ 50% between the two lower limbs was considered relevant. LLD ≥ 2% was determined by the same radiologist on centralized radiographs. We analysed data at baseline for 96 children. The mean ± SD age was 5·6 ± 3·1 years; 49 (51%) were male; and 14 (15%) showed LLD. In total, 32 patients (33%) had venous anomalies, 13 (14%) lymphatic anomalies and in one child a diagnosis of Parkes Weber syndrome was made. Only an increased circumference above the knee was more frequent with than without LLD (43% vs. 13%, P = 0·02). In all, 10/79 patients (13%) showed a difference in ABF ≥ 50%: four had LLD. The frequency of differences in ABF ≥ 50% was greater with than without LLD [33% (n = 4/12) vs. 9% (n = 6/67), P = 0·04]. ABF measured by Duplex ultrasonography is a simple, low‐cost and noninvasive complementary examination for help in detecting LLD, with a difference of ≥ 50% possibly associated.
Liposomes-coated gold nanocages with antigens and adjuvants targeted delivery to dendritic cells for enhancing antitumor immune response
Authors: Ruijing Liang, Jun Xie, Jun Li, Ke Wang, Liping Liu, Yujie Gao, Mubashir Hussain, Guanxin Shen, Jintao Zhu, Juan Tao
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
The Graham–Cassidy Plan — The Most Harmful ACA-Repeal Bill Yet
Authors: Loren Adler, Henry J. Aaron, Paul B. Ginsburg, Matthew Fiedler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

The Graham–Cassidy proposal excludes most of the tax cuts that were central to previous “repeal and replace” efforts. But in many ways, it would go further than earlier bills in reducing health insurance coverage and affordability.
Brown algae polyphenols prevent UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis in SKH-1 mice
Authors: Hyejeong Hwang, Tong Chen, Ronard G. Nines, Sarah M. Peschke, Hyeon-Cheol Shin, Gary D. Stoner
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

4798   Chronic exposure of skin to solar UVB radiation induces oxidative stress, which plays a crucial role in the induction of nonmelanoma skin cancer. Our recent studies showed that polyphenols extracted from brown algae have potent antioxidant activities. In this study we investigated the effect of dietary feeding and topical application of brown algae polyphenols on UVB radiation-induced skin carcinogenesis in SKH-1 mice. SKH-1 hairless mice were randomly divided into 9 groups including control, UVB control, and treatment groups. They were treated orally (0.1% and 0.5% with AIN-76 diet, w/w) and topically (3 and 6 mg/0.2 mL vehicle) with brown algae polyphenols and irradiated with UVB for 26 wk. Dietary feeding and topical administration of brown algae polyphenols inhibited tumor incidence by 6% and 21%, respectively, but the results were not significant. Dietary feeding (0.1% and 0.5%, respectively) significantly reduced tumor multiplicity (45% and 56% inhibition,  P   P   P   P
Phase II, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of nimotuzumab plus gemcitabine compared with gemcitabine alone in patients (pts) with advanced pancreatic cancer (PC).
Authors: Dirk Strumberg, Beate Schultheis, Matthias Philip Ebert, A. Kerkhoff, Ralf Dieter Hofheinz, Dirk M. Behringer, Wolfgang E. Schmidt, Erdem Goker, Sara De Dosso, Michael Kneba, Suayib Yalcin, Friedrich Overkamp, Frank Schlegel, M. Dommach, Robert Rohrberg, Tilman Steinmetz, Dirk Reuter, Ferdinand Bach
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

4009 Background: FOLFIRINOX significantly increases survival in metastatic PC compared to gemcitabine, but its use is limited to selected pts, due its high toxicity. In the majority of cases, gemcitabine (gem) remains the mainstay of palliative treatment, although its modest impact on survival and disease progression. The addition of the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib prolonged median survival for only 2 weeks.This study was aimed to investigate the effect of adding Nimotuzumab (nimo), an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, to first-line gemcitabine, in PC. Methods: Pts with previously untreated, unresectable, locally-advanced or metastatic PC were randomly assigned to receive gem: 1000 mg/m2/ 30-min iv once weekly (d1, 8, 15; q28) and nimo: fixed dose of 400 mg once weekly as a 30-min infusion, or placebo, until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. Secondary endpoints included PFS, safety, objective response rate (ORR), QoL. Results: Between 9/2007- 10/2011 a total of 192 pts were randomized (average age 63.6 ±10 years; 60% male; 69% ECOG PS 0), and 186 were evaluable at the ITT analysis. One-year OS was 19.5 % with gem+placebo and 34.4% with gem+nimo (HR=0.69; p=0.034). Median OS and PFS were 6.0 mo in the gem+placebo group, vs. 8.7 mo in gem+nimo (HR=0.83; p=0.21), and 3.7 vs. 5.4 mo, respectively (HR=0.73; p=0.06). One-year PFS was 9.5 % for gem+placebo, compared with 21.5% for gem+nimo (HR=0.71; p=0.05). Significantly, in pts ≥ 62 years (60% of the population), median OS and PFS were 5.2 mo in the gem+placebo group vs. 8.8 mo in gem+nimo (HR=0.66; p=0.034), and 3.2 in gem+placebo vs. 5.5 mo in gem+nimo group, respectively (HR=0.55; p=0.0096). Nimo was safe and well tolerated, and no grade 3/4 toxicities were observed. Thirteen % of pts experienced grade 1/2 skin toxicity. Conclusions: This randomized study clearly showed that nimo in combination with gem is safe and well tolerated. The 1-year survival rate is significantly improved. Especially pts ≥ 62 years seem to benefit, possibly due to a more aggressive biology in younger pts. Clinical trial information: NCT00561990.
Novel device for measuring polyp size: an ex vivo animal study
Authors: Omer Goldstein, Ori Segol, Seth A Gross, Harold Jacob, Peter D Siersema
Journal: Gut (2017)

In situ assessment of polyp size during colonoscopy is of clinical importance for optimal treatment and follow-up. In this initial study, we evaluated the accuracy and usability of a virtual tape measure, a novel device providing quantitative measurements, as compared with current practice of unassisted assessment and using biopsy forceps as scale.

The virtual tape-measure prototype was shown to provide submillimetre accuracy, almost an order of magnitude better than current practice. It has the potential of becoming the standard for quantitative in situ polyp size measurement; however, further studies in a clinical setting are needed.

In colonoscopy, there is clinical importance for in situ assessment of polyp size.1 To date, no commercially available medical endoscope has the capability of performing measurements. There are several mechanical devices designed to perform these measurements, such as a calibrated hood2 and a ruler snare,3 but these are mainly used in research, as they are limited in their capacity and are difficult to operate.

Therefore, in current practice, endoscopist estimates are based on acquired expertise and/or an approximate scale (eg, using biopsy forceps), leading to a large …
Remission and Low Disease Activity Status (LDAS) protect lupus patients from damage occurrence: data from a multiethnic, multinational Latin American Lupus Cohort (GLADEL)
Authors: Manuel Francisco Ugarte-Gil, Daniel Wojdyla, Guillermo J Pons-Estel, Luis J Catoggio, Cristina Drenkard, Judith Sarano, Guillermo A Berbotto, Eduardo F Borba, Emilia Inoue Sato, João C Tavares Brenol, Oscar Uribe, Luis A Ramirez Gómez, Marlene Guibert-Toledano, Loreto Massardo, Mario H Cardiel, Luis H Silveira, Rosa Chacón-Diaz, Graciela S Alarcón, Bernardo A Pons-Estel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

To evaluate disease activity statuses' (DAS') impact on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) outcomes.Four DAS were defined: remission off-therapy: SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI)=0, no prednisone or immunosuppressive drugs (IS); remission on-therapy: SLEDAI=0, prednisone ≤5 mg/day and/or IS (maintenance); low (L) DAS: SLEDAI ≤4, prednisone ≤7.5 mg/day and/or IS (maintenance); non-optimally controlled: SLEDAI >4 and/or prednisone >7.5 mg/day and/or IS (induction). Antimalarials were allowed in all. Predefined outcomes were mortality, new damage (increase of at least one Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) damage index (SDI) point) and severe new damage (increase of at least 3 SDI points). Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were performed to define the impact of DAS, as time-dependent variable, on these outcomes.1350 patients were included, 79 died during follow-up, 606 presented new and 177 severe new damage. In multivariable analyses, remission (on/off-therapy) was associated with a lower risk of new (HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.43 to 0.85), and of severe new damage (HR 0.32; 95% CI 0.15 to 0.68); low disease activity status (LDAS) was associated with a lower risk of new damage (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.48 to 0.93) compared with non-optimally controlled. No significant effect on mortality was observed.Remission was associated with a lower risk of new and severe new damage; LDAS with a lower risk of new damage after adjusting for other damage confounders.