tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P105: Early Adolescent Waist Size and Body Mass Index are Stronger Predictors of Lipid Levels After Ten Years Than Percent Body Fat in Black and White Girls
Authors: Sanae E Ferreira, Martha R Singer, M L Bradlee, Stephen R Daniels, Lynn L Moore
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Cardiometabolic risk begins in childhood and poses additional hazards for later chronic disease. In this study, we assessed the hypothesis that pre-adolescent measures of body fat (ages 9-10 years) would predict later adolescent lipid levels (ages 17-20 years) and that racial differences may exist in the efficacy of particular measures of body fat for predicting future lipid levels. Data from the NHLBI’s Growth and Health Study were used to evaluate the independent effects of early adolescent body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and percent body fat (%BF) - all distinct measures of body composition - in this cohort of Caucasian (white) and African-American (black) girls, initially 9-10 years of age. Girls with complete data (n=634, white; n=738, black) for body fat, relevant confounders, and follow-up lipid levels (i.e., HDL, LDL, and triglycerides) at 17-20 years of age were included. In late adolescence, there were statistically significant trends of increasing LDL and triglycerides and decreasing HDL levels (p&lt;0.05 for all) across quintiles of all body fat measures at 9-10 years of age. By 17-20 years, white girls (vs. black girls) in the highest BMI quintile had slightly higher mean LDL levels (112.7 vs. 105.1), lower HDL levels (48.0 vs. 51.4), and much higher triglyceride levels (109.8 vs. 76.8 mg/dL). After adjusting for age, SES, height, age at menarche, physical activity, television viewing, fruit and vegetable consumption, and dietary fiber, WC was the strongest predictor of late-adolescent triglycerides and HDL levels in both whites and blacks while BMI was an equally-good predictor of LDL. Percent body fat using bioelectrical impedance analysis was generally a weaker predictor of lipid outcomes. Girls in the highest quintile (Q5) of WC had mean triglyceride levels that were 31.1 and 14.9 mg/dL higher than those in the lowest quintile (Q1), for whites and blacks, respectively; mean differences (Q5-Q1) in TG associated with BMI were 27.7 and 12.0 mg/dL, and for %BF were 13.6 and 7.2 mg/dl, respectively. White and black girls, respectively, in Q5 of WC at 9-10 years of age had HDL levels that were 7.8 mg/dL lower in late adolescence than those of girls in Q1. These results suggest that WC and BMI as simple anthropometric measures of body fat in pre-adolescent girls may be useful in identifying girls who are at risk for dyslipidemia by the time of later adolescence.
Benefits and challenges of serial sports training risk assessment and counselling in kids: the T.R.A.C.K. randomised intervention study
Authors: Stephanie A Kliethermes, Lara R Dugas, Cynthia R LaBella, Noor Alawad, Jacqueline Pasulka, Neeru Jayanthi
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

Background Published training recommendations exist for youth athletes aimed at reducing injury risk. No studies have assessed the impact of counselling interventions using training recommendations on risk of injury in young athletes. Objectives To determine if online training counselling regarding safe sport participation can reduce injury risk in youth athletes and to assess recommendation compliance, including barriers to compliance. Methods A multicentre randomised intervention trial was performed at two Midwestern academic institutions with expertise in treating young athletes. Enrolled subjects ages 8–17 completed a baseline risk assessment survey and were randomised to a control or intervention group. Both groups completed exposure surveys every 3 months for 1 year. The intervention group also received online training counselling on safe sport participation every 3 months. Training characteristics including training volume, degree of specialisation and adherence to recommendations were captured. Differences in self-reported injury between groups, compliance to recommendations and barriers to compliance were evaluated. Results At baseline, n=357 subjects were enrolled (n=172 control and n=185 intervention). Controls were nearly twice as likely to be injured during the intervention period after controlling for age, sex, baseline injury and level of specialisation. No improvement in recommendation compliance was detected among intervention subjects. Primary barriers to compliance were no prior knowledge of recommendations, personal choice and following coaches’ recommendations. Conclusions In this convenience sample of youth athletes, electronic training counselling surrounding safe sports participation was not determined to affect injury risk. Lack of knowledge and adherence to appropriate training recommendations is evident and barriers to compliance exist.
Abstract O.42: Efficacy And Safety Of Treatment With Immunoglobulin Plus Steroid For Kawasaki Disease: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Koichi Miyata, Naoya Fukushima, Yoshihiko Morikawa, Yoshiaki Okuma, Masahiro Misawa, Mitsuhiko Hara, Hiroyuki Yamagishi, Masaru Miura
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Non-responders to primary intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy with aspirin are at risk of coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease (KD). A randomized controlled trial (the RAISE study) indicated that prednisolone + primary IVIG improves responsiveness to treatment and coronary artery outcomes in non-responders to IVIG predicted on the basis of Kobayashi score. The present study aimed to verify the efficacy and safety of prednisolone + primary IVIG in predicted non-responders to IVIG. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, prospective cohort study at 30 hospitals in Japan from July 2012. All KD patients received primary IVIG therapy (2 g/kg/24 h) and, if febrile at diagnosis, oral aspirin (30 mg/kg/day) and were stratified by Kobayashi score into non-responders (score [[Unable to Display Character: &amp;#61619;]]5) and responders (score ≤4). The required sample size to reach statistical significance was 1,500 for KD patients and 500 for non-responders. Results: We enrolled 868 patients with KD by the end of 2013, including 545 (63%) predicted responders and 323 (37%) predicted non-responders. Within the non-responder group, 256 patients received IVIG + prednisolone and 67 patients IVIG alone. The non-response rate to IVIG was significantly lower (17% vs. 55%, p&lt;0.001) and the incidence of coronary artery lesions (Japanese criteria; 5% vs. 11%, p=0.06) non-significantly lower in the IVIG + prednisolone group than the IVIG alone group. These results are similar to those of the RAISE study (non-response rate of 13% and coronary artery lesion rate in non-responders of 3%). There were 10 severe adverse events (i.e., aseptic meningitis 2, liver dysfunction 2, anaphylaxis 1, hypertension 1, ventricular tachycardia 1, bacteremia 1, drug eruption 1, and gait disorder 1) and no significant between-group difference in event rate. Conclusion: Like the RAISE study, our study suggests that prednisolone added to IVIG therapy with oral aspirin reduces the non-response rate and incidence of coronary artery lesions in predicted non-responders to IVIG with KD.
Evolution of a Schmorl’s Node and a Degenerative Osteophyte on Sequential 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT Scans
Authors: Nir Hod, Daniel Levin, Reut Anconina, Elya Benkovich, Dina Ezroh Kazap, Sophie Lantsberg
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

Schmorl's node (SN) arises from the herniation of the nucleus pulposus of the disc through the cartilaginous endplate into the body of the vertebra. Our report describes a patient with carcinoid tumor who underwent a series of Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scans for follow-up, demonstrating gradually increasing focal vertebral uptake in absence of CT abnormality, suspicious for a metastasis. Both CT and MRI eventually revealed classical findings of a SN. Also observed in the same vertebra is a degenerative osteophyte showing intense Ga-DOTATATE uptake. This interesting case shows 2 benign spinal lesions, which potentially can simulate bone metastasis in patients with neuroendocrine tumors.
Fluorescent-Guided Lymphography in Gastric Cancer Surgery
Authors: Marco G. Patti, Francisco Schlottmann, Marco Di Corpo
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Bacteria engineered to produce IL-22 in intestine induce expression of REG3G to reduce ethanol-induced liver disease in mice
Authors: Tim Hendrikx, Yi Duan, Yanhan Wang, Jee-Hwan Oh, Laura M Alexander, Wendy Huang, Peter Stärkel, Samuel B Ho, Bei Gao, Oliver Fiehn, Patrick Emond, Harry Sokol, Jan-Peter van Pijkeren, Bernd Schnabl
Journal: Gut (2018)

Antimicrobial C-type lectin regenerating islet-derived 3 gamma (REG3G) is suppressed in the small intestine during chronic ethanol feeding. Our aim was to determine the mechanism that underlies REG3G suppression during experimental alcoholic liver disease.Interleukin 22 (IL-22) regulates expression of REG3G. Therefore, we investigated the role of IL-22 in mice subjected to chronic-binge ethanol feeding (NIAAA model).In a mouse model of alcoholic liver disease, we found that type 3 innate lymphoid cells produce lower levels of IL-22. Reduced IL-22 production was the result of ethanol-induced dysbiosis and lower intestinal levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a microbiota-derived ligand of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), which regulates expression of IL-22. Importantly, faecal levels of IAA were also found to be lower in patients with alcoholic hepatitis compared with healthy controls. Supplementation to restore intestinal levels of IAA protected mice from ethanol-induced steatohepatitis by inducing intestinal expression of IL-22 and REG3G, which prevented translocation of bacteria to liver. We engineered Lactobacillus reuteri to produce IL-22 (L. reuteri/IL-22) and fed them to mice along with the ethanol diet; these mice had reduced liver damage, inflammation and bacterial translocation to the liver compared with mice fed an isogenic control strain and upregulated expression of REG3G in intestine. However, L. reuteri/IL-22 did not reduce ethanol-induced liver disease in Reg3g-/- mice.Ethanol-associated dysbiosis reduces levels of IAA and activation of the AHR to decrease expression of IL-22 in the intestine, leading to reduced expression of REG3G; this results in bacterial translocation to the liver and steatohepatitis. Bacteria engineered to produce IL-22 induce expression of REG3G to reduce ethanol-induced steatohepatitis.
Phase II trial of afatinib in elderly patients over 75 years of age with EGFR mutation positive NSCLC
Authors: Y. Nakahara, S. Oizumi, H. Mizugaki, Y. Fujita, T. Harada, T. Takashina, R. Ko, K. Watanabe, T. Hotta, H. Minemura, S. Saeki, S. Yagishita, A. Hamada
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Impact of ABO Mismatch on Outcomes of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Recipients: 30 Years of Experience with 1016 Patients
Authors: Erden Atilla, Pervin Topcuoglu, Erman Akkus, Pinar Ataca Atilla, Sinem Civriz Bozdag, Meltem Kurt Yuksel, Taner Demirer, Muhit Özcan, Meral Beksac, Osman Ilhan, Hamdi Akan, Onder Arslan, Gunhan Gurman, Selami Kocak Toprak
Journal: Blood (2018)
FRI0324 Immunosuppression for primary sjogren’s syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: L. Chu, K. Cui, J. Pope
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> The current focus of treament in primary Sjogren's Syndrome (pSS) is mainly symptom management. Since pSS is an autoimmune disease with multi-system involvement, there may be a role for systemic immunosuppression and/or biologic therapy. A wide variety of immune response targets have been examined in existing randomised controlled trials including inhibiting purine synthesis, blocking TNF-alpha, and depleting B lymphocytes. There is conflicting evidence as to whether immunomodulation alters disease progression. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the efficacy and safety of immunosuppressive therapy on pSS from clinical trials. <h3>Methods</h3> Five electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CLINICALTRIALS.GOV, WHO ICTRP) were searched to include randomised controlled trials of systemic immunosuppressive therapies in adults with pSS published in English prior to Oct 1, 2017. Efficacy measures included ocular dryness, oral dryness, fatigue, tear production, unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow, quality of life (QOL), ESSPRI, ESSDAI, ESR/CRP; Safety measures included serious adverse events (AEs) and withdrawals due to AEs. <h3>Results</h3> The searched yielded 32 trials evaluating 19 different medications. Studies enrolled anywhere between 7 to 133 patients, with the exception of 1 study with 497 patients. Mean age was in the fifth decade, with an average duration of diagnosis up to 9.2 years. Twenty-two trials examined ocular and oral dryness, of which 2 and 3 revealed statistically significant improvements respectively (table 1). Only 1/14 trials found benefit for fatigue, none for tear production; 3/16 trials and 2/14 trials found increases in unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow respectively. Reductions in ESR were seen in 3/14 trials. Few studies examined QOL, ESSPRI, ESSDAI, and CRP. Trials often noted non-statistically significant trends toward improvement, but no particular drug or drug class consistently showed discrete benefit in subjective or objective efficacy measures possibly due to low statistical power. Meta-analyses of the above outcomes were performed at 6 months (figure 1). With pooled estimates, significant improvements were seen in unstimulated salivary flow (p=0.003), stimulated salivary flow (p=0.02), and ESR (p&lt;0.001). There was a trend towards increased serious AEs in the intervention groups, and a significant increase in withdrawals from AEs (RR 2.33, 95% CI 1.38 to 3.96). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Reducing immune activity and inflammation potentially improves salivary gland function. Subjective measures may be less helpful as sicca symptoms likely have subtle progression if trials span less than 1 year. Given that most trials were small, beneficial treatment effects could be missed. Standardisation of objective, reliable, clinically meaningful outcome measures that are sensitive to change may allow for positive treatments in the future. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Common chromosomal abnormalities in gastric cancer cell lines and ascetic fluids of metastatic gastric cancer patients
Authors: M. Yaghmaie, T. Nayebbagher, H. Pashaiefar, K. Alimoghaddam, M. Jalili, M. Esfandbod, M. Saberian, H. Behroozi, M. Izadifard, A. Ghavamzadeh
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
The expression and regulation of ADAMTS proteoglycanases and TIMP-3 by TGFβ1: Relevance to the accumulation of versican in prostate cancer
Authors: Neil A. Cross, Shankar Chandrasekharan, Nickie Jokonya, Freddie C. Hamdy, Dave J. Buttle, Colby L. Eaton
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

2962   BACKGROUND. Elevated levels of versican are observed in the stroma surrounding prostate cancer, and have been identified as an indicator of progression in the early stage of this disease. It has been suggested that increased versican expression in prostatic stromal cells is induced by tumour-derived TGFβ1. A sub-group of the ADAMTS lineage of metalloproteases that possess versican-degrading properties are also potential regulators of proteoglycan accumulation in prostate cancer. These enzymes have one major inhibitor in the extracellular matrix; tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-3. In this study, we have assessed the  in vitro  effect of TGFβ1 on the expression of ADAMTS proteoglycanases, versican and TIMP-3 in prostatic stromal cells. METHODS. Four prostatic stromal cell lines were isolated, characterised and maintained as short-term cultures (up to 10 passages) from benign prostatic hyperplasia patients undergoing TURP for urinary obstruction. The effect of TGFβ1 on mRNA expression in prostatic stromal cells was determined by Real-Time RT-PCR using primers to ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, -9, -15, versican and TIMP-3. MMP-inhibitory potential (TIMP activity) of conditioned medium was measured using a fluorometric peptide substrate. RESULTS. All prostatic stromal cell cultures consistently expressed ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, -9, -15 and TIMP-3, in contrast to PC3, DU145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells cells which failed to express 2 or more ADAMTS transcripts. ADAMTS-1 and -5 were most abundant in stromal cells, whereas ADAMTS-4 was expressed only at very low levels compared to other ADAMTS transcripts. In stromal cells, TGFβ1 significantly decreased ADAMTS-1, -5, -9 and -15 expression and increased versican and TIMP-3 (p in vivo . The latter may therefore be a surrogate effect of TGFβ1 over-expression in this disease.
Case 35-2018: A 68-Year-Old Woman with Back Pain and a Remote History of Breast Cancer
Authors: Aditya Bardia, Meline D. Hovnanian, Elena F. Brachtel, Valentina Nardi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

A 68-year-old woman presented with back and pelvic pain. Twenty-five years earlier, she had received a diagnosis of invasive carcinoma of the breast. Imaging studies revealed multiple lytic and blastic lesions in the thoracic vertebrae, ribs, and sternum. Management decisions were made.
David Oliver: Is Matt Hancock really prioritising prevention over cure?
Authors: David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Last week Matt Hancock, health and social care secretary for England, gave a speech launching a new government document, Prevention is Better than Cure: Our Vision to Help You Live Well for Longer .12 After much advance publicity I was curious to see its contents. I’m enthused by the focus and I don’t doubt his sincerity but, without cogent detail of meaningful investment, policy levers, and implementation plans, visions don’t come true.

There’s a framing preamble, the restatement of established expert consensus on prevention and public health, and key facts and figures. There’s a series of ambitions. But the paper offers little tangible new policy, funding, or even a hint at workforce planning to deliver them.

It …
Abstract 14874: Efficacy vs. Safety; Or Can We have Both? A Focused Study of Devices in the MRI Environment
Authors: Huma Samar, Loretta Gevenosky, June Yamrozik, Ronald Williams, Richard Lombardi, Mark Doyle, Moneal Shah, Christopher Bonnet, Robert W Biederman
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: MRI is infrequently performed on patients with conventional pacemakers/ICD’s. While many studies have unequivocally documented MRI safety in pts with implanted devices, the clinical value has never been considered. Hypothesis: We propose that MRI in pts with a PM/ICD is crucial to the existing diagnosis and in many instances, substantially alters diagnosis and pt management. Methods: An evaluation of 250 consecutive pts with PM/ICD’s who underwent MRI (GE 1.5T,WI) over 10 yrs (95% <5 yrs) was performed. The devices consisted of 222 PM, 4 BiV PM while 150 had PM/ICD and 8 BiV ICD. Specific criteria were followed to objectively determine if the diagnosis via MRI altered pt care. Accordingly, four questions were answered within 1 week of MRI by both MRI technologist and MRI physician(s): 1) Did the primary diagnosis change? 2) Did MRI provide additional information to existing diagnosis? 3) Was the pre-MRI (tentative) diagnosis confirmed? 4) Did pt management change? If ’Yes’ was answered to any ...
H<sub>2</sub>Oh No! The importance of reporting your water source in your <i>in vivo</i> microbiome studies
Authors: Jacqueline A. Barnett, Deanna L. Gibson
Journal: Gut Microbes (2018)

Water is a fundamental part of any in vivo microbiome experiment however, it is also one of the most overlooked and underreported variables within the literature. Currently there is no established standard for drinking water quality set by the Canadian Council on Animal Care. Most water treatment methods focus on inhibiting bacterial growth within the water while prolonging the shelf-life of bottles once poured. When reviewing the literature, it is clear that some water treatment methods, such as water acidification, alter the gut microbiome of experimental animals resulting in dramatic differences in disease phenotype progression. Furthermore, The Jackson Lab, one of the world's leading animal vendors, provides acidified water to their in-house animals and is often cited in the literature as having a dramatically different gut microbiome than animals acquired from either Charles River or Taconic. While we recognize that it is impossible to standardize water across all animal facilities currently conducting microbiome research, we hope that by drawing attention to the issue in this commentary, researchers will consider water source as an experimental variable and report their own water sources to facilitate experimental reproducibility. Moreover, researchers should be cognisant of potential phenotypic differences observed between commercial animal vendors due to changes in the gut microbiome as a result of various sources of water used.