tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Postural control deficits in collegiate athletes following mild concussions within the first 48 hours
Authors: Selena Mae Soria, Mitchell J Rauh, Daniel J Goble, Harsimran S Baweja
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of postural control deficits accompanying concussions in Division I collegiate athletes within 48 hours of injury. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting University Athletic Training Department &amp; Biomechanics Laboratory. Participants Preseason baseline balance testing of 519 healthy Division I college athletes was performed with the BTrackS Balance Test (San Diego, CA). Of the baselined athletes, 26 (18–23 years; 14 females) experienced a concussion during the ensuing sport season. Post-injury balance testing was performed on these concussed athletes within 48 hours of injury. Additionally, 20 healthy young adults (19–25 years; 10 females) were baselined on 2 sessions 7 days apart. Outcome measures All testing consisted of three 20s trials of quiet unperturbed standing with eyes closed; feet shoulder width apart and hands on the hips. We calculated total centre of pressure (COP), COP antero-posterior (AP), and COP medio-lateral (ML) sway displacements. A principle component analysis was used to calculate the 99% confidence intervals (CI) of the COP area. Main results There were no preseason baseline differences in any of the balance measures between athletes and controls. However, postural displacement in all directions (AP, ML, and Total) increased significantly in athletes post-injury. Furthermore, ~80% of the increase in COP excursions was accounted for by a ~7 fold increase in the COP area post-injury. Conclusions Our findings are indicative of a decrease in postural control and multisensory integration post-concussion. Future studies should investigate the long-term effects and recovery from concussions in athletes. Competing interests One author (Goble) holds an equity stake in the parent company for the BTrackS Balance Plate. This conflict of interest was strictly managed by San Diego State University through a mitigation plan that limits his involvement in all primary aspects of data collection and analysis. All other authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
Updating the diagnosis, classification and assessment of rosacea by effacement of subtypes: reply from the author
Authors: J. Tan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

The National Rosacea Society Expert Committee (NRSCOR) 2002 publication indicated that the definition and classification system then proposed was based on scientific knowledge, that it was provisional, and that it would be refined with increasing knowledge.1 A move from subtyping towards a phenotype approach was proposed by the American Acne and Rosacea Society (AARS)2 and ROSCO presents the first international effort to advance the diagnosis and classification of rosacea.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The Role of the Lateral Intraparietal Area in (the Study of) Decision Making
Authors: Alexander C. Huk, Leor N. Katz, Jacob L. Yates
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2017)

Over the past two decades, neurophysiological responses in the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) have received extensive study for insight into decision making. In a parallel manner, inferred cognitive processes have enriched interpretations of LIP activity. Because of this bidirectional interplay between physiology and cognition, LIP has served as fertile ground for developing quantitative models that link neural activity with decision making. These models stand as some of the most important frameworks for linking brain and mind, and they are now mature enough to be evaluated in finer detail and integrated with other lines of investigation of LIP function. Here, we focus on the relationship between LIP responses and known sensory and motor events in perceptual decision-making tasks, as assessed by correlative and causal methods. The resulting sensorimotor-focused approach offers an account of LIP activity as a multiplexed amalgam of sensory, cognitive, and motor-related activity, with a complex and often indirect relationship to decision processes. Our data-driven focus on multiplexing (and de-multiplexing) of various response components can complement decision-focused models and provides more detailed insight into how neural signals might relate to cognitive processes such as decision making.
An investigation of the role of a rapid sideline head injury assessment form (hiaf) in the clinical diagnosis of concussion in elite australian football
Authors: Patrick Clifton, Peter Harcourt OAM, Tom Gastin, Michael Makdissi
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To investigate the role of a rapid sideline Head Injury Assessment Form (HIAF) in the clinical diagnosis of concussion in elite Australian football. Design Validation study Setting/participants The study was conducted in all 207 matches of the professional competition during the 2015 season. Interventions The HIAF comprised 12 individual tests based on previously validated clinical features 1 and video signs 2 of concussion. Experienced team physicians were required to complete the HIAF for any incident potentially resulting in a concussion. The HIAF directs team physicians to either permanently remove the player (9 of 12 tests), or conduct a more detailed assessment (e.g. SCAT3, 3 of 12 tests). Where possible, the tests were conducted by both direct assessment and video review of the incident. At the end of the season, data on all clinically confirmed concussions was collected from team physicians. Main results 135 HIAFs were submitted throughout the 2015 season resulting in 44 players permanently removed from play for concussion. 8 confirmed concussions were not identified during the match. When compared to information on clinically confirmed concussions, the HIAF captured concussive incidents with 89% sensitivity (95% CI: 75.44% – 96.21%) and 98% specificity (95% CI: 92.03% – 99.72%). Conclusions The HIAF was demonstrated to have a high level of sensitivity and specificity. It is a useful precursor to the SCAT3 for the sideline diagnosis of concussion, in most cases providing a faster and more prescriptive assessment. A modified version of the HIAF may be useful in lower levels of competition.
IMMU-23. IMMUNOPHENOTYPING OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS: CORRELATING IMMUNE INFILTRATE WITH HISTOLOGY, MUTATIONAL LOAD, AND SURVIVAL AND ASSESSING CLONAL T CELL RESPONSE
Authors: Ashley S. Plant, Shohei Koyama, Claire Sinai, Isaac Solomon, Gabriel Griffin, Rebecca Betensky, Ryan Emerson, Glenn Dranoff, Mark W. Kieran, Jerome Ritz
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

There is little known regarding the immune infiltrate present in pediatric brain tumors and how this compares to what is known about histologically similar adult tumors and its correlation with survival. Here, we provide a descriptive analysis of the immune infiltrate of 22 fresh pediatric brain tumor tissue samples of mixed diagnoses and 40 peripheral blood samples. Samples were analyzed using a flow cytometry panel containing markers for immune cell subtypes, costimulatory markers, inhibitory signals, and markers of activation. This was compared to the standard method of immunohistochemistry (IHC) for immune markers for 89 primary pediatric brain tumors. Both flow cytometry and IHC data did not correlate with the grade of tumor and IHC data was not significantly associated with survival for either low grade or high grade gliomas. There is a trend towards a more immunosuppressive phenotype in higher grade tumors including more regulatory T cells and B cells. Both PD1 and PDL1 were present in only a small percentage of the tumor infiltrate. Elisa assays for NKG2D soluble ligands was also negative for all tumor types. T cell receptor sequencing revealed up to 10% clonality of T cells in tumor infiltrates and no significant difference in clonality between low and high grade gliomas. We have shown the immune infiltrate of pediatric brain tumors does not appear to correlate with grade or survival for a small sample of patients. Further research and larger studies are needed to fully understand the interaction of pediatric brain tumors and the immune system.
Two Novel Susceptibility Loci for Prostate Cancer in Men of African Ancestry
Authors: David V Conti, Kan Wang, Xin Sheng, Jeannette T Bensen, Dennis J Hazelett, Michael B Cook, Sue A Ingles, Rick A Kittles, Sara S Strom, Benjamin A Rybicki, Barbara Nemesure, William B Isaacs, Janet L Stanford, Wei Zheng, Maureen Sanderson, Esther M John, Jong Y Park, Jianfeng Xu, Victoria L Stevens, Sonja I Berndt, Chad D Huff, Zhaoming Wang, Edward D Yeboah, Yao Tettey, Richard B Biritwum, Andrew A Adjei, Evelyn Tay, Ann Truelove, Shelley Niwa, Thomas A Sellers, Kosj Yamoah, Adam B Murphy, Dana C Crawford, Susan M Gapstur, William S Bush, Melinda C Aldrich, Olivier Cussenot, Gyorgy Petrovics, Jennifer Cullen, Christine Neslund-Dudas, Mariana C Stern, Zsofia-Kote Jarai, Koveela Govindasami, Anand P Chokkalingam, Ann W Hsing, Phyllis J Goodman, Thomas Hoffmann, Bettina F Drake, Jennifer J Hu, Peter E Clark, Stephen K Van Den Eeden, Pascal Blanchet, Jay H Fowke, Graham Casey, Anselm J. M Hennis, Ying Han, Alexander Lubwama, Ian M. Thompson, Robin Leach, Douglas F Easton, Fredrick Schumacher, David J Van den Berg, Susan M Gundell, Alex Stram, Peggy Wan, Lucy Xia, Loreall C Pooler, James L Mohler, Elizabeth T. H Fontham, Gary J Smith, Jack A Taylor, Shiv Srivastava, Rosalind A Eeles, John Carpten, Adam S Kibel, Luc Multigner, Marie-Elise Parent, Florence Menegaux, Geraldine Cancel-Tassin, Eric A Klein, Laurent Brureau, Daniel O Stram, Stephen Watya, Stephen J Chanock, John S Witte, William J Blot, Brian E Henderson, Christopher A Haiman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2017)

Prostate cancer incidence is 1.6-fold higher in African Americans than in other populations. The risk factors that drive this disparity are unknown and potentially consist of social, environmental, and genetic influences. To investigate the genetic basis of prostate cancer in men of African ancestry, we performed a genome-wide association meta-analysis using two-sided statistical tests in 10 202 case subjects and 10 810 control subjects. We identified novel signals on chromosomes 13q34 and 22q12, with the risk-associated alleles found only in men of African ancestry (13q34: rs75823044, risk allele frequency = 2.2%, odds ratio [OR] = 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.37 to 1.76, P = 6.10 × 10-12; 22q12.1: rs78554043, risk allele frequency = 1.5%, OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.39 to 1.89, P = 7.50 × 10-10). At 13q34, the signal is located 5' of the gene IRS2 and 3' of a long noncoding RNA, while at 22q12 the candidate functional allele is a missense variant in the CHEK2 gene. These findings provide further support for the role of ancestry-specific germline variation in contributing to population differences in prostate cancer risk.
Loss Of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ace2) Increases Pulmonary Inflammation And Gelatinase Activity In The Early Stages Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Y. H. Hung, W. Y. Hsieh, F. C. Liu, J. S. Hsieh, F. Y. Yeh, C. L. Wu, C. S. Lin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)
Response to: ustekinumab inhibits Th1 and Th17 polarisation in a giant-cell arteritis patient by Samson <i>et al</i>
Authors: Richard Conway, Ursula Fearon, Eamonn S Molloy
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

We thank Samson et al for their interest in our article on ustekinumab in giant-cell arteritis (GCA) and for their comments on our study.1 2 Our initial pilot study reported promising results with the use of ustekinumab in refractory GCA.1 

GCA is associated with considerable disease-related and treatment-related morbidity.3 4 While glucocorticoids remain the cornerstone of treatment, the associated increased rates of adverse events such as fractures, sepsis, hypertension and diabetes mellitus are significant concerns to both physicians and patients.4 There is a critical unmet need for new treatment options in GCA to minimise the cumulative glucocorticoid burden …
Changes in Brain Structural Networks and Cognitive Functions in Testicular Cancer Patients Receiving Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy
Authors: Ali Amidi, S M Hadi Hosseini, Alexander Leemans, Shelli R Kesler, Mads Agerbæk, Lisa M Wu, Robert Zachariae
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2017)

Cisplatin-based chemotherapy may have neurotoxic effects within the central nervous system. The aims of this study were 1) to longitudinally investigate the impact of cisplatin-based chemotherapy on whole-brain networks in testicular cancer patients undergoing treatment and 2) to explore whether possible changes are related to decline in cognitive functioning. Sixty-four newly orchiectomized TC patients underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging) and cognitive testing at baseline prior to further treatment and again at a six-month follow-up. At follow-up, 22 participants had received cisplatin-based chemotherapy (CT) while 42 were in active surveillance (S). Brain structural networks were constructed for each participant, and network properties were investigated using graph theory and longitudinally compared across groups. Cognitive functioning was evaluated using standardized neuropsychological tests. All statistical tests were two-sided. Compared with the S group, the CT group demonstrated altered global and local brain network properties from baseline to follow-up as evidenced by decreases in important brain network properties such as small-worldness (P = .04), network clustering (P = .04), and local efficiency (P = .02). In the CT group, poorer overall cognitive performance was associated with decreased small-worldness (r = –0.46, P = .04) and local efficiency (r = –0.51, P = .02), and verbal fluency was associated with decreased local efficiency (r = –0.55, P = .008). Brain structural networks may be disrupted following treatment with cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Impaired brain networks may underlie poorer performance over time on both specific and nonspecific cognitive functions in patients undergoing chemotherapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to longitudinally investigate changes in structural brain networks in a cancer population, providing novel insights regarding the neurobiological mechanisms of cancer-related cognitive impairment.
Effects of the Informed Health Choices primary school intervention on the ability of children in Uganda to assess the reliability of claims about treatment effects: a cluster-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Allen Nsangi, Daniel Semakula, Andrew D Oxman, Astrid Austvoll-Dahlgren, Matt Oxman, Sarah Rosenbaum, Angela Morelli, Claire Glenton, Simon Lewin, Margaret Kaseje, Iain Chalmers, Atle Fretheim, Yunpeng Ding, Nelson K Sewankambo
Journal: The Lancet (2017)
Germline Calr exon 9 Variant and Somatic JAK2 V617F Mutation in a Patient with Polycythemia Vera Associated with Late Presentation and Severe Clinical Phenotype
Authors: Chieh Lee Wong, Gareth Gerrard, Zainul Abidin Norziha, Nor Rafeah Tumian, Soon Keng Cheong, Chooi Fun Leong, Ping Chong Bee, Jameela Sathar, Liming Liang, Tim Aitman, Letizia Foroni, Michael Laffan
Journal: Blood (2016)
Safety of sorafenib (SOR) dose in United States (US) patients (pts) with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with varying liver dysfunction: Lessons from a Hispanic-rich South Texas institution.
Authors: Sukeshi R. Patel, Raed Moh'd Taiseer Al-Rajabi, Norma S. Ketchum, Ting-Wei Lu, Joel Michalek, Devalingam Mahalingam
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e15150 Background: HCC pts often present with Child Pugh (CP) B liver dysfunction but are poorly represented in trials. GIDEON showed median dose (duration) was 742 mg (17.6 weeks) in CP A vs 677 mg (9.9 weeks) in CP B. Despite similar safety, CP B are treated with lower SOR dose. Only 24% pts in GIDEON are from US. Further safety data for US pts are lacking. Given high prevalence of HCC in South Texas Hispanics, we assessed the safety of SOR in relation to dose and CP. Methods: Retrospective analysis of HCC pts receiving SOR from 2008-2013 with grade of adverse events (AE) observed for 6 months (mo). Statistical testing performed using Fisher's Exact Test. Results: 107 pts with median age 57 (41-93). 72% Hispanic, 24% non-Hispanic White. mOS: 13.1 mo CP A (N 60) vs 6.6 mo CP B (N 46) (p 0.05). 78% CP A vs 54% CP B received 800 mg (P 0.02); mean duration 29.2 weeks CP A vs 21.6 weeks CP B (P 0.05). CP A vs CP B: nausea 32% vs 26% (P 0.67), fatigue 82% vs 89% (P 0.41), diarrhea 45% vs 39% (P 0.56), hand-foot syndrome (HFS) 43% vs 28% (P 0.15). CP B had similar safety profile to CP A at given dose level (Table). Conclusions: Despite more CP B pts receiving lower dose of SOR, 54% tolerated SOR 800 mg daily and reported similar safety to CP A despite lower survival. Our study suggests comparable safety in CP A and B at given dose of SOR in a minority-rich South Texas population. AE CP A P value CP B P value 400 mg N 12 800 mg N 43 All N 55 400 mg N 21 800 mg N 25 All N 46 Nausea, n (%) 1 0.55 0 9 (75) 29 (67.4) 38 (69.1) 15 (71.4) 19 (76) 34 (73.9) 1 3 (25) 10 (23.3) 13 (23.6) 5 (23.8) 3 (12) 8 (17.4) 2 - 3 (7) 3 (5.5) 1 (4.8) 3 (12) 4 (8.7) 3 - 1 (2.3) 1 (1.8) - - - Fatigue, n (%) 0.62 0.33 0 4 (33.3) 7 (16.3) 11 (20) 1 (4.8) 4 (16) 5 (10.9) 1 5 (41.7) 21 (48.8) 26 (47.3) 9 (42.9) 12 (48) 21 (45.7) 2 3 (25) 11 (25.6) 14 (25.5) 9 (42.9) 9 (36) 18 (39.1) 3 - 4 (9.3) 4 (7.3) 2 (9.5) - 2 (4.3) Diarrhea, n (%) 1 0.54 0 7 (58.3) 23 (53.5) 30 (54.5) 12 (57.1) 16 (64) 28 (60.9) 1 5 (41.7) 18 (41.9) 23 (41.8) 8 (38.1) 6 (24) 14 (30.4) 2 - 1 (2.3) 1 (1.8) 1 (4.8) 3 (12) 4 (8.7) 3 - 1 (2.3) 1 (1.8) - - - HFS, n (%) 0.41 0.39 0 6 (50) 26 (60.5) 32 (58.2) 13 (61.9) 20 (80) 33 (71.7) 1 2 (16.7) 9 (20.9) 11 (20) 5 (23.8) 4 (16) 9 (19.6) 2 1 (8.3) 5 (11.6) 6 (10.9) 3 (14.3) 1 (4) 4 (8.7) 3 3 (25) 3 (7) 6 (10.9) - - -
EGFR, HER2 and Kras as predictive factors for cetuximab sensitivity in colorectal cancer
Authors: G. Finocchiaro, F. Cappuzzo, P. A. Jänne, K. Bencardino, C. Carnaghi, W. A. Franklin, M. Roncalli, L. Crinò, A. Santoro, M. Varella-Garcia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4021 Background: In colorectal cancer, biological mechanisms underlying response or resistance to cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody against the extracellular domain of the EGFR are not defined. Small retrospective studies suggested that EGFR increased gene copy number measured by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or presence of KRAS mutations were associated with cetuximab response or resistance, respectively. This study aimed to identify biological predictors for sensitivity/resistance to cetuximab treatment in colorectal cancer. We also compared biomarker results in primary tumors and corresponding metastases. Methods: We analyzed EGFR (IHC, FISH), HER2 (FISH), and KRAS (mutation) in paraffin embedded tumor blocks from 85 colorectal cancer patients treated with cetuximab. For FISH analyses, a positive result was defined according to criteria described in breast (Wolff et al. J Clin Oncol 2007), lung (Cappuzzo et al. JNCI 2005) and colorectal cancer (Moroni et al. Lancet Oncology 2005). EGFR, HER2 and PIK3CA mutation analyses are ongoing. Results: EGFR FISH positive patients (N=41), defined as ratio EGFR/nucleus =3, had a significantly higher RR (29.3% versus 6.8%, p=0.007) and TTP (6.6 versus 3.7 months, p=0.053) than EGFR FISH negative (N=44). No difference for clinical endpoints was observed using other scoring systems. EGFR expression assessed by IHC was not associated with any clinical end-point. Increased HER2 gene copy number was associated with shorter TTP (p=0.09) and survival (p=0.03). Compared to patients with wild type KRAS (N=49), KRAS mutation carriers (N=32) had a significantly lower RR (6.3% versus 26.5%, p= 0.02), shorter TTP (3.7 versus 6.3 months, p=0.07) and shorter survival (8.3 versus 10.8 months, p=0.2). In 22 patients with available primary and metastatic tumor tissue, there was no difference between these sites for EGFR FISH, HER2 FISH and KRAS results. Conclusions: This study, the largest biomarker analysis in colorectal cancer patients treated with cetuximab, shows a significant benefit in response and TTP for EGFR FISH positive patients. KRAS mutation analysis identifies a group of patients with the lowest chance to benefit from the therapy. Increased HER2 gene copy number predicts early escape from cetuximab therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
B7-H3 Expression in NSCLC and Its Association with B7-H4, PD-L1 and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes
Authors: Mehmet Altan, Vasiliki Pelekanou, Kurt A. Schalper, Maria Toki, Patricia Gaule, Konstantinos Syrigos, Roy S. Herbst, David L. Rimm
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2017)

Purpose: The immune checkpoint PD-1 and its receptor B7-H1 (PD-L1) are successful therapeutic targets in cancer but less is known about other B7 family members. Here, we determined the expression level of B7-H3 protein in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and evaluated its association with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), PD-L1, B7-H4, and major clinicopathologic characteristics is in 3 NSCLC cohorts.Experimental design: We used multiplexed automated quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) to assess the levels of B7-H3, PD-L1, B7-H4, and TILs in 634 NSCLC cases with validated antibodies. Associations between the marker levels, major clinicopathologic variables and survival were analyzed.Results: Expression of B7-H3 protein was found in 80.4% (510/634) of the cases. High B7-H3 protein level (top 10 percentile) was associated with poor overall survival (P < 0.05). Elevated B7-H3 was consistently associated with smoking history across the 3 cohorts, but not with sex, age, clinical stage, and histology. Coexpression of B7-H3 and PD-L1 was found in 17.6% of the cases (112/634) and with B7-H4 in 10% (63/634). B7-H4 and PD-L1 were simultaneously detected only in 1.8% of NSCLCs (12/634). The expression of B7-H3 was not associated with the levels of CD3-, CD8-, and CD20-positive TILs.Conclusions: B7-H3 protein is expressed in the majority of NSCLCs and is associated with smoking history. High levels of B7-H3 protein have a negative prognostic impact in lung carcinomas. Coexpression of B7-H3 with PD-L1 and B7-H4 is relatively low, suggesting a nonredundant biological role of these targets. Clin Cancer Res; 23(17); 5202-9. ©2017 AACR.