tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparing Pulmonary Arterial Wedge Pressure and Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure for Assessment of Left-Sided Filling Pressures
Authors: Yogesh N. V. Reddy, Abdallah El-Sabbagh, Rick A. Nishimura
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

This Viewpoint disambiguates the meaning of the terms pulmonary arterial wedge pressure and left ventricular end diastolic pressure and differentiates their uses in assessing left-sided filling pressures.
Réparation endoscopique des complications de la chirurgie bariatrique
Authors: M Barthet, O Emungania, C Ménard, L Amrani, S Berdah, C Subtil, C Brunet, JC Grimaud
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Introduction: La chirurgie bariatrique peut être compliquée de fistules post-opératoires avec un taux de 4% à 20%. La réintervention chez ces patients est particulièrement lourde compte tenu de la co-morbidité liée à l'obésité. Nous rapportons à travers plusieurs films l'utilisation sélective de techniques endoscopiques (clips, colles et prothèses) dans la réparation des différents types de chirurgie: anneau, sleeve gastrectomy, By-pass.
ENDOSCOPIC CLOSURE OF ACUTE IATROGENIC PERFORATIONS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AND PREDICTORS OF NEED FOR EARLY SURGERY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: A Gabr, N Ammar, M El Housini, C Summerton, M Rutter
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Acute iatrogenic perforations are one of the recognized complications of both diagnostic and therapeutic gastrointestinal endoscopy. For decades, surgical treatment has been the standard of care, but endoscopic closure has become a more popular approach, due to feasibility and the reduction of the burden of surgery, combined with the availability of various endoscopic closure devices. We aim to assess the technical and clinical success and safety of endoscopic closure, in total, and for each endoscopic device used. Also, to identify factors predicting surgery as a first line treatment, and failure of endoscopic treatment.
The IARC Perspective on Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Béatrice Lauby-Secretan, Nadia Vilahur, Franca Bianchini, Neela Guha, Kurt Straif
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

IARC View on Colorectal Screening The International Agency for Research on Cancer concluded that screening for colorectal cancer with stool-based tests and with lower endoscopy (either colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy) saves lives. Comparative effectiveness data were inconclusive.
ENDOSCOPIC BILIARY DRAINAGE IN PERIHILAR CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA- RESULTS OF AN OBSERVATIONAL SINGLE-CENTER STUDY
Authors: T Voiosu, C Mocanu, B Busuioc, A Voiosu, A Gheorghe, M Rimbas, C Iacob, A Benguş, B Mateescu
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Biliary drainage in patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma is a challenging procedure, especially in cases with complex strictures (type Bismuth-Corlette III or IV), with suboptimal results and high complication rates cited in the literature. We aimed to assess technical success and procedure related complications in these cases.
YIELD OF COLONOSCOPY IN YOUNG PATIENTS: A MONOCENTRIC STUDY
Authors: S Jardak, M Medhioub, K Agar, L Hamzaoui, A Khsiba, M Msaddak Azzouz
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Despite a low risk of complications, colonoscopy is an invasive procedure. Therefore, it is important to select the indications and to use this procedure in patients in whom it yields an important diagnosis, without missing pathology in others.
Tiotropium and olodaterol in the prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations (DYNAGITO): a double-blind, randomised, parallel-group, active-controlled trial
Authors: Peter M A Calverley, Antonio R Anzueto, Kerstine Carter, Lars Grönke, Christoph Hallmann, Christine Jenkins, Jadwiga Wedzicha, Klaus F Rabe
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2018)
Excessive neutrophil extracellular trap formation in ANCA-associated vasculitis is independent of ANCA
Authors: Tineke Kraaij, Sylvia W.A. Kamerling, Laura S. van Dam, Jaap A. Bakker, Ingeborg M. Bajema, Theresa Page, Francesca Brunini, Charles D. Pusey, Rene E.M. Toes, Hans U. Scherer, Ton J. Rabelink, Cees van Kooten, Y.K. Onno Teng
Journal: Kidney International (2018)
Non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infections
Authors: J.D. Chalmers, T. Aksamit, A.C.C. Carvalho, A. Rendon, I. Franco
Journal: Pulmonology (2018)

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections are increasingly rapidly worldwide. The reason for this phenomenon is unclear, but may include the ageing population, the increasing use of immunosuppressive drugs, the increasing prevalence of diseases that confer susceptibility to NTM, such as COPD and bronchiectasis, and growing testing for NTM. Awareness of the NTM related diseases is rising but is still suboptimal. Guidelines from the American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America have provided a framework for evaluating disease and evaluating care. Compliance with these guidelines is, however, very poor globally. NTM infections are amongst the most challenging cases that respiratory and infectious diseases physicians face. The challenges include intrinsic antibiotic resistance, complex drug regimens, poor tolerability and significant side effects associated with therapy and poor response rates. The decision to initiate treatment is therefore often difficult and requires careful evaluation of benefits and risks. Optimal management of NTM infections requires multidisciplinary care with close collaboration between physicians, microbiologists, physiotherapist/allied health professionals, primary care physicians and the patient. There remains a need for greater research into the epidemiology, clinical evaluation and treatment of NTM pulmonary disease. Randomised clinical trials are now being conducted which may provide useful data on the effectiveness of some new and existing therapies. In this review, we discuss the growing importance of NTM pulmonary disease and the opportunities for progress in clinical research for these conditions.
A CHALLENGING CASE OF LATE RECURRENT MELANOMA MIMICKING INTESTINAL POLYPOID SYNDROME
Authors: G Gibiino, A Tortora, M Garcovich, BE Annicchiarico, M Siciliano, A Gasbarrini, ME Riccioni
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

The small bowel only rarely develops malignant or even benign tumors, involving merely 3% among neoplasms of the digestive tract, often undiagnosed. Inherited syndromes can justify an increased incidence of small intestinal adenocarcinomas, carcinoid tumors, primary lymphomas, mesenchymal tumors and benign lesions. Melanoma is a malignant neoplasm developing from melanocytes, inhabiting the skin and the alimentary tract, as well. Hereby, we describe a complicate case of recurrent melanoma.
Indeterminate pediatric acute liver failure is uniquely characterized by a CD103+CD8+ T‐cell infiltrate
Authors: Catherine A. Chapin, Thomas Burn, Tomas Meijome, Kathleen M. Loomes, Hector Melin‐Aldana, Portia A Kreiger, Peter F. Whitington, Edward M. Behrens, Estella M. Alonso
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

The cause of pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is unknown in up to 40% of cases. Evidence suggests that aberrant immune system activation may play a role. We hypothesized that indeterminate PALF cases would exhibit a unique pattern of hepatic inflammation. This was a retrospective and prospective study of PALF cases due to indeterminate (iPALF), autoimmune hepatitis, or known diagnosis (dPALF) etiology. Liver tissue sections were stained with immunohistochemical markers for cytotoxic T-cells (cluster of differentiation 8 [CD8]), perforin, and tissue resident memory T-cells (CD103) and scored as minimal, moderate, or dense. Lymphocytes were isolated from liver tissue for T-cell receptor beta sequencing and flow-cytometric studies. Thirty-three iPALF, 9 autoimmune hepatitis, and 14 dPALF cases were included. Dense hepatic infiltrates of CD8+ T-cells were found in 27 (82%) iPALF cases compared to 1 (7%) dPALF case (P < 0.0001). Perforin staining was dense or moderate in 19 (73%) of 26 iPALF cases compared to minimal in all 7 dPALF cases (P = 0.004); 16 (62%) of 26 iPALF cases had dense CD103 staining compared to none of the 6 dPALF cases (P = 0.001). T-cell receptor beta sequencing of iPALF cases demonstrated increased clonality compared to dPALF and control cases. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry revealed that iPALF intrahepatic leukocytes were predominantly tissue resident memory CD8+ T-cells.Indeterminate PALF is characterized by a dense CD8+ T-cell hepatic infiltrate consistent with expansion of a tissue resident memory T-cell phenotype; CD8+ T-cells are a biomarker of immune dysregulation in iPALF and may be used to better identify and define this group. (Hepatology 2018).
FAILURE TO CONTROL BLEEDING IN VARICEAL UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER CIRRHOSIS
Authors: I Groza, M Acalovschi, S Pasca, B Procopet, H Stefanescu, M Tantau, D Matei
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding may occur from either variceal or non-variceal sources. Failure to control bleeding is defined as an impossibility to manage the bleeding, including death, or rebleeding in the interval from the onset of bleeding and day 5. The aim of the study was to identify the main predictive factors of failure to control bleeding in variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in cirrhotic patients.
Abstract P056: Prognostic Cut-Points of Prediabetic Plasma Glucose and HbA1c Values in Predicting Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Minxuan Huang, Unjali Gujral, Siran He, Lisa Staimez, Ram Jagannathan, Jingkai Wei, Venkat Narayan
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Prediabetes are often characterized by various measurements of elevated but non-diabetic glucose values, including impaired fasting glucose (IFG), 2-hour impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and represent increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. However, it remains unclear how each glucose measurement differs in their abilities to predict risk for CVD outcomes. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Diabetes Association (ADA) also differ in their IFG definitions, and there has been debate as to which definition best predicts future CVD risk. Objectives: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we sought to evaluate the prognostic value of different cut-points of non-diabetic glucose measurements (IFG, IGT, and HbA1c) for predicting CVD morbidity and mortality in individuals at increased risk. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Clinicaltrials.gov, World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Cochrane database. We searched prospective cohort studies in adults without diabetes aged 18 years or older, or control groups in clinical trials, with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. We included studies that reported an association between any of the glucose measurements with CVD morbidity, including non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, peripheral artery disease, a composite measure of any CVD outcomes, and CVD mortality. Retrospective cohort studies will only be investigated if there are not at least two prospective cohort studies for a given outcome. Data from eligible studies were pooled to synthesize results for each glucose measurement. Random effect model was used to calculate pooled hazard ratio or relative risk data. Results: We screened over 4,000 abstracts and identified 170 eligible prospective cohort studies with 2,826,296 individuals, with a mean follow-up of 10.2 years. Compared to individuals with normal glycaemia, individuals with IFG defined by the WHO criteria had 1.11 and 1.21 times increased risk for CVD morbidity and mortality, respectively. There was no significant increase in risk among those with IFG diagnosed by the ADA criteria compared to those with normal glycaemia. Compared to those with normal glycaemia, individuals with IGT had 1.15 and 1.24 times higher risk for CVD morbidity and mortality, respectively. HbA1c as low as 5.5% was associated with an increased risk of CVD outcomes. Conclusions: The WHO criteria for IFG seems to be a better predictor of CVD outcomes than the ADA criteria. The current criteria for IGT is a slightly strong predictor for CVD events and mortality than IFG. HbA1c levels as low as 5.5% could be used as a predictor for adverse health outcomes in non-diabetic individuals.
Concentration-Dependent Efficacy of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Ethanol Ablation of Pancreatic Tissue in the Pig
Authors: K Matthes, M Mino-Kenudson, D Sahani, N Holalkere, W Brugge
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Background: Ethanol is a commonly available agent and has been used to successfully and safely ablate cystic lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the local and systemic long-term effect of EUS-guided injection of ethanol into the pancreas of pigs using 2ml of ethanol, in increasing concentration of 0% to 100%, diluted with normal saline. Methods: Six pigs were sedated by general anesthesia and ethanol was injected under EUS-guidance with a 22-gauge needle into the tail of the pancreas. The endpoints of this study were groß and microscopic evidence of inflammation of the pancreas and clinical tolerance. The animals were observed by determining the blood levels of amylase and lipase and by an upper abdominal CT scan. Results: Six Yorkshire breed pigs were used for this study. They were monitored for 7 days after the injection. CT scanning demonstrated a localized site of non-perfursed pancreatic tissue with an average diameter of 19.4 (±10.5)mm in the animals that underwent an injection of 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of ethanol. By CT, there was no evidence of peri-pancreatic fat necrosis. At sacrifice, no groß lesion could be identified in the pancreatic tail of the animals with an injection of normal saline or 20% ethanol. The injection of 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of ethanol lead to a visible necrotic area in the tail of the pancreas. By histology, the average maximal diameter of the lesions was 20.8 (±4.3)mm. The area of the pancreatic necrosis correlated with the concentration of injected ethanol. Clinically, the animals appeared to tolerate the procedure without sequelae. Blood levels of amylase and lipase were within normal limits. Conclusions: The EUS-guided injection of ethanol into the pig pancreas resulted in localized tissue necrosis. This technique is a potential minimally invasive local treatment option for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
“DELAYED” NEEDLE-KNIFE FISTULOTOMY VERSUS STANDARD BILIARY SPHINCTEROTOMY FOR CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS: RECURRENCE OF COMMON BILE DUCT STONES AND RATE OF POST-ERCP PANCREATITIS
Authors: L Archibugi, A Mariani, M Traini, M Chiara Petrone, E Dabizzi, G Rossi, S Testoni, PA Testoni, PG Arcidiacono
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

In Common Bile Duct (CBD) stones the access to CBD can be achieved through the papilla orifice followed by endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES), or through a precut fistulotomy (PF) in case of difficult cannulation; the two methods alter papilla anatomy differently, therefore intuitively leading to a different rate of post-ERCP acute pancreatitis (PEP) and stone recurrence. Although some studies suggested that the use of PF might be related to a higher PEP risk, when performed early it isn't. No data on either PEP risk or stones recurrence in patients with CBS stones after PF has been published. The aim was to evaluate CBD stone recurrence, re-intervention and PEP rate after PF versus ES.
BLUE LIGHT IMAGING FOR THE OPTICAL DIAGNOSIS OF SMALL COLORECTAL POLYPS: THE IMPACT OF A TRAINING INTERVENTION
Authors: S Subramaniam, A Alkandari, K Kandiah, R Smith, M Stammers, S Thayalasekaran, P Aepli, B Hayee, E Schoon, M Stefanovic, P Bhandari
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

The advent of image enhanced endoscopic modalities have paved the way for better optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps. Blue Light Imaging (BLI) is a new technology that utilises powerful light emitting diode technology to enhance mucosal surface and vessel patterns. A specific BLI classification has recently been developed to enable better characterisation of colorectal polyps (BLI Adenoma Serrated International Classification – BASIC). The aim of our study was to investigate the diagnostic ability of BLI before and after training using this classification.
MEDICAL VERSUS COMBINED THERAPY OF PEPTIC ULCERS WITH ADHERENT CLOTS
Authors: J Pereira Rodrigues, C Fernandes, T Freitas, J Silva, A Ponte, M Sousa, JC Silva, J Carvalho
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

The optimal therapeutic approach of peptic ulcers with adherent clots, Forrest IIb Classification, is not consensual. The results of the studies performed so far are somewhat contradictory and both isolated medical treatment and medical treatment combined with endoscopic treatment are considered by the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guidelines. We aimed to compare evolution and prognosis of patients with Forrest IIb ulcers approached with isolated medical treatment versus combined treatment (medical and endoscopic).
The Cats of Louis Wain: A Thousand Ways to Draw One’s Mind
Authors: Stefano Damiani, Laura Fusar-Poli
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2018)

Even if it seems impossible to synthesize the evolution of Louis Wain's work, we have tried here to present the extreme polymorphism of his artwork."The man who drew cats" (1) was an important witness of the phases of schizophrenia, a condition that characterized many decades of his life.Wain, born in 1860 in London, could not start school until the age of 10 because of his physical weakness.After attending the West London School of Art, he started to work as an art teacher and illustrator.At age 24, he married Emily Richardson, who unfortunately was soon discovered to be affected by breast cancer.To comfort his beloved wife, Wain brought home a black and white cat named Peter.Although Wain had never drawn cats before that period, they quickly became his favorite subject, initially with the main purpose of sublimating Emily's (and probably his own) suffering.Wain soon started to publish his drawings, with remarkable success.In 1886, the editor of the Illustrated London News commissioned Wain to create a poster for the magazine: "A Kitten Christmas Party."This moment probably represented the peak of his fame.After Emily's death, cats became a pervasive obsession for Wain, who still flexibly adopted an incredible variety of styles, in contrast to the rigidity of the subject.However, other tragic events in his life-the death of his cat Peter and of one of his sisters-very likely contributed to his mental breakdown.Wain started to become more and more paranoid, eventually experiencing a florid and severe psychosis.After exhibiting physical aggression toward his remaining sisters, he was hospitalized in different psychiatric institutions, where he remained until his death in 1939 (2).
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF DEVICE-ASSISTED ENTEROSCOPY ERCP IN LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WITH META-ANALYSIS
Authors: F Ferretti, M Fraquelli, G Casazza, F Branchi, R Penagini, P Cantù, S Orlando, M Vecchi, L Elli
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Enterobiliary anastomosis are one of the main source of complications affecting up to 50% of liver transplanted patients. Even if not standardized yet, a diagnostic and therapeutic approach combining device-assisted enteroscopy and traditional ERCP (DAE-ERCP) is technically possible in patients with altered anatomy. The aim of the present study is to assess the efficacy, feasibility and safety of DAE-ERCP in the subset of liver transplanted patients (LT) compared to non-transplanted patients (non-LT).
Doctors should advise smokers on using e-cigarettes, says NICE
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2018)

GPs should offer advice to patients who smoke about using e-cigarettes containing nicotine, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has said.

New guidance published on 28 March acknowledges that the evidence on e-cigarettes “is still developing, including evidence on the long-term health impact.”1

But, in an update to existing NICE guidance, it advises GPs engaging with patients who smoke to “offer advice on using nicotine-containing products on general sale, including nicotine replacement therapy and nicotine-containing e-cigarettes.”

NICE said that it had updated its recommendations to reflect changes in current practice, noting the increasing number …
DEVELOPMENT AND FEASIBILITY STUDY OF KUMC ROBOTIC MANIPULATOR DURING ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION
Authors: G Min, HS Choi, W Kim, SJ Choi, JM Lee, SH Kim, JM Lee, ES Kim, B Keum, YT Jeen, HS Lee, HJ Chun, CD Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Gastrointestinal cancers are one of the most common malignancy worldwide. Especially endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastrointestinal cancers have been considered as the current standard cancer treatment. However, lack of counter traction during ESD procedure is one of major difficulty. To overcome this problem, we developed new endoscopic technique using robotic manipulator and conducted study about efficacy and safety in vitro animal study.
Defining refractory rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Maya H Buch
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

While biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) have transformed outcomes of people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a proportion of patients are refractory to multiple bDMARDs. Definitions of refractory RA thus far have been arbitrary, and outcome data and impact of such cohorts remain limited. Extrapolation from randomised controlled trial and some real-life data suggest approximately 20% progress onto a third bDMARD with a more modest proportion failing additional bDMARDs. This viewpoint discusses an opinion of refractory RA disease and proposes key principles to accurately identify refractory cohorts. These include demonstrating presence of persistent inflammation despite multiple therapies and acknowledging development of antidrug antibody. Potential basis of refractory disease is summarised, and suggestions for an initial approach in the future evaluation of refractory disease are offered. Specific investigation of refractory RA disease is necessary to inform the clinical need and provide a basis for robust investigation of underlying mechanisms.
PANCREATIC RENDEZVOUS THROUGH LUMEN-APPOSING STENT IN A PATIENT WITH PANCREATICO-PLEURAL FISTULA
Authors: C Mangas, J Martínez, L Compañy, FA Ruiz, JA Casellas, J Ramón Aparicio
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

When the duodenal papilla is endoscopically accessible but impossible to bile duct cannulation, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) assisted rendezvous is secure and safety. However, regarding the pancreas, if the Wirsung duct is not dilated, USE guided rendezvous is very difficult.
<i>Notes from the Field</i>: Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections in U.S. Medical Tourists Associated with Plastic Surgery — Dominican Republic, 2017
Authors: Joanna Gaines, Jose Poy, Kimberlee A. Musser, Isaac Benowitz, Vivian Leung, Barbara Carothers, Judy Kauerauf, Noreen Mollon, Monique Duwell, Kathleen Henschel, None MPH, Alexandra De Jesus, Sara K. Head, Keun Lee, Nelson Arboleda, Douglas H. Esposito
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)