tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cancer worry, anxiety, and behaviors in girls at familial or genetic risk for breast cancer.
Authors: Angela R. Bradbury, Linda Patrick-Miller, Brian Egleston, Lisa Schwartz, Lisa Tuchman, Cynthia Moore, Paula Rauch, Colleen B. Sands, Dare Henry-Moss, Patrick Sicilia, Kelsey Karpink, Susan M. Domchek, Mary Beryl Daly
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

9527 Background: Most girls in families at high risk (HR; familial or genetic) for breast cancer learn of that risk at a young age. Additionally, new guidelines support disclosure of incidental findings in cancer predisposition genes regardless of age. The association of this information with psychosocial well-being and health behaviors is unknown. Methods: 238 HR and control girls (11-19 YO) and mothers (48 BRCA1/2+) completed surveys to evaluate adjustment and behaviors. We used linear and logistic regressions with variable selection. Results: Daughter general anxiety (D-Anx), intrusive BC worry (IBCW), and avoidant BC worry (ABCW) were significantly higher in HR girls (Table 1). D-Anx did not differ by mother BC history. In adjusted models, only mother ABCW was associated with D-Anx (Coef 1.4, p<0.01). Mother IBCW (coef 0.3, p<0.01), mother depression (coef -0.2, p=0.01) and higher daughter perceived risk of BC (PRBC, coef 0.7, p=0.01) were associated with D-IBCW. Mother IBCW (coef 0.3, p<0.01) and daughter PRBC (coef 0.5, p=0.02) were associated with D-ABCW. There were no significant differences in risk (e.g. alcohol or tobacco use) or general preventive behaviors (e.g. exercise or diet). HR girls were more likely to perform self-breast exam (SBE) and less likely to have ever had a clinical breast exam (CBE). Conclusions: Adolescent girls at familial /genetic BC risk have higher general and BC specific worry, even when mom does not have a history of BC. Daughter BC worry is associated with mother BC worry, regardless of risk group. Interventions to promote adaptive responses to BC risk in mothers and daughters could be beneficial. Also, research evaluating outcomes of disclosure of genetic risk and incidental findings for adult cancer in adolescents is needed. HR (n=173) Mean (SD) Control (n=65) Mean (SD) Daughter Anxiety 66.1 (27.7)** 57.5 (29.5)** IBCW 3.0 (4.6) ** 1.3 (2.6)** ABCW 2.5 (5.0)** 0.8 (2.0)** Depression 44.7 (29.3) 41.6 (26.2) Behaviors N (%) N (%) Tried alcohol 68 (41) 22 (36) Tried cigarettes 20 (12) 4 (6) Exercise (days/week, SD) 3.2 (1.7) 3.5 (1.7) SBE 84 (50)* 22 (36)* CBE 38 (22)** 23 (37)** Knowledge and perceptions Perceived higher-risk BC 125 (74)** 19 (32)** Awareness of BC genes 47 (28)** 4 ( 6)** *P= 0.07; **P<0.05.
Afferent loop syndrome treated by endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy, using a lumen-apposing metal stent with an electrocautery-enhanced delivery system
Authors: Kenjiro Yamamoto, Takayoshi Tsuchiya, Reina Tanaka, Honjo Mitsuyoshi, Shuntaro Mukai, Yuichi Nagakawa, Takao Itoi
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Afferent loop syndrome is a complication that infrequently occurs after pancreaticoduodenectomy [1]. Complete obstruction occurs which leads to cholangitis, pancreatitis, perforation, and necrosis. In particular, patients with cancer recurrence cannot continue chemotherapy treatment, become debilitated, and may eventually die. Therefore, early and appropriate decompression treatment is needed.
Identification of baseline parameters associated with the inter-individual variability in cytidine deaminase serum activity, a key enzyme in the metabolism of pyrimidine analogue.
Authors: Romain Cohen, Laure-Helene Preta, Aurelia Bessone, Celine Narjoz, Ioannis Nicolis, Dorota Desaulle, Emmanuel Curis, Anatole Cessot, Olivier Huillard, Audrey Thomas-Schoemann, Michel Vidal, Francois Goldwasser, Jerome Alexandre, Benoit Blanchet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e14096 Background: Cytidine deaminase (CDA) catabolizes gemcitabine and cytosine arabinoside and its serum activity (CDA-A) has been associated with efficacy and toxicity of both treatment. CDA is also involved in the conversion of prodrug capecitabine into active 5-fluorouracil. CDA is mainly produced by hepatocytes. Our objective was to identify pretreatment patients (pts) characteristics that may contribute to the large inter-individual variability in CDA-A. Methods: From December 2014 to November 2015, all consecutive pts were prospectively included into this single-center study. CDA-A in serum was assayed using a standardized spectrophotometric method. Biological, clinical characteristics and 5 common single nucleotide polymorphisms in the CDA gene (-451G > A, -92A > G, -33delC, 79A > C, 435T > C) were analyzed according to pretreatment CDA-A. Written consent was obtained from all patients. Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis were performed on log-transformed CDA with significance level of 0.05. Results: 275 pts (male: 61%) were analyzed. Median age was 66.2 years. Main primary tumor locations were lung (19%), prostate (11%) and urinary tract (10%). Median CDA-A was 4.08 U/mg protein (range 1.53-15.49). The inter-individual variability in CDA-A was large (43%). 49 pts (18%) had high CDA-A ( > 6 U/mg). In univariate analysis, high CDA-A was associated with absolute neutrophil count (ANC) (p < 10−16), C-reactive protein level (p = 10−7), malnutrition (p = 0.014), altered ECOG performance status (p = 0.0003) and -33delC genotype (p = 0.0152). In multivariate analysis, only ANC was independently associated with CDA-A (p < 10–9). Finally, an elevation of 2000 neutrophils per microliter resulted in a 10% increase of CDA-A. Conclusions: Our results show for the first time an association between the pretherapeutic number of neutrophils and CDA activity, which suggests a CDA release from neutrophils. However, it explains only a small part of inter-individual variability in CDA-A. Therefore, CDA-A assessment in serum remains of interest to identify pts with high risk of toxicity or low efficacy under pyrimidine analogues.
Frequency of mononuclear diploid cardiomyocytes underlies natural variation in heart regeneration
Authors: Michaela Patterson, Lindsey Barske, Ben Van Handel, Christoph D Rau, Peiheng Gan, Avneesh Sharma, Shan Parikh, Matt Denholtz, Ying Huang, Yukiko Yamaguchi, Hua Shen, Hooman Allayee, J Gage Crump, Thomas I Force, Ching-Ling Lien, Takako Makita, Aldons J Lusis, S Ram Kumar, Henry M Sucov
Journal: Nature Genetics (2017)
Effective Strategy to Prevent Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Unrelated Donor Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplants By Using a Combination of Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (ATG), Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide and Cyclosporine
Authors: Uday Deotare, David Loach, Fotios V. Michelis, Dennis D. Kim, Santhosh Thyagu, Jeffrey H. Lipton, Hans A. Messner, Auro Viswabandya
Journal: Blood (2016)
03.10 Regulation of the th17 cell differentiation in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Eszter Baricza, Panna Királyhidi, Nikolett Marton, Orsolya Tünde Kovács, Eszter Lajkó, László Kőhidai, Barbara Molnár-Érsek, Edit Buzás, György Nagy
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Th17 cells have a central role in the inflammation via their pro-inflammatory cytokine production, such as interleukin (IL)−17A, −21,–22, and tumour necrosis factor-α. We studied <i>in vitro</i> Th17 cell differentiation of healthy donors and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. CD45RO- (naive) and CD45RO+ (memory) T cells were isolated from PBMC with a two-step negative magnetic separation method. They were activated with anti-CD3 (1 µg/ml), anti-CD28 (1 µg/ml) and with crosslinking (1 µg/ml) antibodies and treated with TGF<sub>β</sub> (2.5 ng/ml), IL-6 (25 ng/ml), IL-1<sub>β</sub> (10 ng/ml) and IL-23 (10 ng/ml) cytokines and with anti-IL-4 (10 µg/ml) blocking antibody. After 5 and 10 days the IL-17 and IL-22 production were measured by ELISA and the RORc and Tbet expression were measured by qPCR. The expression of CCR6, CCR4 and CXCR3 of the cells were determined by flow cytometric analysis. Cell viability was monitored by impendance-based cell analyzer (CASY-TT). <h3>Results</h3> In healthy donors the memory T cells were characterised by higher RORc (p&lt;0.05) and Tbet (p&lt;0.05) expression levels compared to the naive T cells. This difference between the naive and memory T cells was not detected in RA patients (p=0.5625). The naive T cells from RA patients expressed more RORc (p&lt;0.05), but not Tbet than the healthy donor derived naive cells. The CCR6 and CCR4 expression were higher in memory T cells of healthy donors than those of the naive T-cells (p&lt;0.05) however this difference between T cell subpopulations of RA patients was not significant (p=0.06). The IL17 and IL22 production was increased by IL1+IL23+IL6+anti-IL4 treatment in healthy donors and RA patients (p&lt;0.05) as well. Interestingly in RA the IL1+IL-23+anti-IL4 treatment also promoted the IL17 and IL22 production (p&lt;0.05), suggesting that <i>in vitro</i> IL6 treatment is not required for the IL-17 and IL-22 production. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our data suggest that the increased baseline RORc expression of the CD45RO- cells may contribute to the accelerated Th17 differentiation in RA. The IL-17 and IL-22 production are differently regulated in RA compared to the healthy donors.
Depictive and metric body size estimation in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Simone Claire Mölbert, Lukas Klein, Anne Thaler, Betty J. Mohler, Chiara Brozzo, Peter Martus, Hans-Otto Karnath, Stephan Zipfel, Katrin Elisabeth Giel
Journal: Clinical Psychology Review (2017)
Quality and Safety in Health Care, Part XXX
Authors: Jay A. Harolds
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2017)

Initially, the transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedure was approved only for patients with aortic stenosis that was both severe and symptomatic who either also had too high a risk of aortic valve replacement surgery to have the surgery or who had a high risk for the surgery. Between the years 2012 and 2015, the death rate at 30 days declined from an initial rate of 7.5% to 4.6%. There has also been more use of the transfemoral approach over the years. In 2016, the transcatheter aortic valve replacement was approved for patients with aortic stenosis at intermediate risk of surgery.
Germline variation of circadian pathway genes and prognosis of gastric cancer patients
Authors: Senthilkumar Rajendran, Clara Benna, Halenya Monticelli, Giovanna Spiro, Chiara Menin, Simone Mocellin
Journal: Gut (2017)

As we have summarised in this journal,1 germline DNA variation has been long recognised as a key component of the risk to develop to gastric carcinoma, the discovery pace being greatly accelerated by genome-wide association studies.2 More recently, growing evidence is accumulating also on the association between genetic variation and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.3 4 Furthermore, investigators have demonstrated that alterations of the circadian rhythm can predispose to a variety of illnesses, including different types of malignancies and gastrointestinal diseases.5 6 

Putting together these observations, we studied the relationship between circadian genes germline variation and the overall survival of 460 patients with TNM stage I to IV gastric carcinoma. We considered 21 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 14 circadian pathway genes. Genotyping was performed with real-time quantitative PCR using patient peripheral blood samples. Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis was employed to …
Is subsequent lower limb injury associated with previous injury? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liam A Toohey, Michael K Drew, Jill L Cook, Caroline F Finch, Jamie E Gaida
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background Previous injury is a strong risk factor for recurrent lower limb injury in athletic populations, yet the association between previous injury and a subsequent injury different in nature or location is rarely considered. Objective To systematically review data on the risk of sustaining a subsequent lower limb injury different in nature or location following a previous injury. Methods Eight medical databases were searched. Studies were eligible if they reported lower limb injury occurrence following any injury of a different anatomical site and/or of a different nature, assessed injury risk, contained athletic human participants and were written in English. Two reviewers independently applied the eligibility criteria and performed the risk of bias assessment. Meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects model. Results Twelve studies satisfied the eligibility criteria. Previous history of an ACL injury was associated with an increased risk of subsequent hamstring injury (three studies, RR=2.25, 95% CI 1.34 to 3.76), but a history of chronic groin injury was not associated with subsequent hamstring injury (three studies, RR=1.14, 95% CI 0.29 to 4.51). Previous lower limb muscular injury was associated with an increased risk of sustaining a lower limb muscular injury at a different site. A history of concussion and a variety of joint injuries were associated with an increased subsequent lower limb injury risk. Conclusions The fact that previous injury of any type may increase the risk for a range of lower limb subsequent injuries must be considered in the development of future tertiary prevention programmes. Systematic review registration number CRD42016039904 (PROSPERO).
Primary sclerosing cholangitis – a comprehensive review
Authors: Tom H. Karlsen, Trine Folseraas, Douglas Thorburn, Mette Vesterhus
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)

SummaryPrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare disorder characterised by multi-focal bile duct strictures and progressive liver disease. Inflammatory bowel disease is usually present and there is a high risk of cholangiocarcinoma and colorectal cancer. Most patients ultimately require liver transplantation, after which disease recurrence may occur. With limited therapeutic options and a lack of proven surveillance strategies, patients currently have significant unmet needs. In the present seminar, we provide a comprehensive review of the status of the field. We emphasise developments related to patient stratification and disease behaviour, and provide an overview of management options from a practical, patient-centered perspective. We survey advances made in the understanding of PSC pathogenesis and summarise the ongoing efforts to develop an effective therapy based on these insights.
Spontaneous hypertensive rat exhibits bone and meniscus phenotypes of osteoarthritis: is it an appropriate control for MetS-associated OA?
Authors: PokMan Boris Chan, Chunyi Wen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

The potential roles of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the onset and progression of osteoarthritis (OA) have been a hot topic in the field since it may potentially open up to new non-surgical treatment regimens. To better study the relationship between MetS and OA, a suitable animal model would be a vital tool in understanding the pathomechanism and also for screening and testing various potential drug candidates.

We have recently read Deng and colleagues’ letter entitled ‘Eplerenone treatment alleviates the development of joint lesions in a new rat model of spontaneous metabolic-associated osteoarthritis’ published online this May, which mentioned the use of ‘obese spontaneously hypertensive heart failure’ (SHHFcp/cp) rat model to study MetS-associated OA and chronic administration of eplerenone, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, as a treatment.1 While we appreciate the authors’ dedicated effort, we believe there are several …
<i>Notes from the Field</i>: Preliminary Results After Implementation of a Universal Treatment Program (Test and Start) for Persons Living with HIV Infection — Lesotho, October 2015–February 2017
Authors: Amee M. Schwitters
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

Lesotho, a small, mountainous country completely surrounded by the Republic of South Africa, has a population of approximately 2 million persons with an estimated gross national income of $1,280 per capita; 73% of the population resides in rural areas (1). Lesotho has a generalized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic (2). In 2014, the prevalence of HIV infection among persons aged 15-49 years was 24.6%, with an incidence of 1.9 new infections per 100 person-years of exposure (3). As the leading cause of premature death, HIV/AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) has contributed to Lesotho's reporting the shortest life expectancy at birth among 195 countries and territories (4). In 2015, antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage among HIV-positive persons in Lesotho was estimated to be 42% (5). In April 2016, Lesotho became the first country in sub-Saharan Africa to adopt the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for universal initiation of antiretroviral therapy for all HIV-positive persons, regardless of CD4 count (known as the "Test and Start" program or approach), with nationwide implementation occurring in June 2016 (6,7). Before implementation of Test and Start, many persons living with HIV infection in Lesotho were not eligible to initiate treatment until their CD4 count was <500 cells/mm3.
Wearable Digital Thermometer Improves Fever Detection
Authors: Jennifer Abbasi
Journal: JAMA (2017)

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L’association chromoscopie et rehaussement de structure améliore-t-elle le diagnostic des adénomes colorectaux par coloscopie?
Authors: MG Lapalus, T Helbert, B Napoleon, JF Rey, P Houcke, T Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Introduction: L’examen de référence pour le diagnostic des adénomes colorectaux (CR) est la coloscopie. La fonction rehaussement de structure (RdS) de certains vidéo endoscopes et la coloration par indigo carmin (IC) sont destinées à augmenter la visualisation des anomalies du relief muqueux. La question se pose de savoir si leur emploi systématique en association est susceptible d’augmenter le nombre d’adénomes détectés en coloscopie. Une étude multicentrique, comparative randomisée a été conduite en ciblant un groupe de patients à risque de niveau élevé. Patients et Méthodes: Les patients inclus, ayant une indication de coloscopie pour des antécédents personnels de polypes CR et/ou des antécédents familiaux de cancer CR du premier degré (hors maladie génétique), ont eu après randomisation et lors de la même anesthésie: soit deux coloscopies successives avec premier passage sans RdS/IC (nécessaire pour rechercher des anomalies de couleur qui auraient pu être masquées par la coloration) et deuxième passage avec RdS/IC (groupe RdS/IC); soit deux coloscopies successives sans RdS/IC (groupe contrôle). Toutes les lésions polypoïdes ont été enlevées ou biopsiées. L’analyse a porté sur le nombre, la nature et le siège des lésions retrouvées. Résultats: Les 294 patients inclus (âge moyen: 59 ans, groupes appariés), avaient des antécédents personnels seuls dans 33% des cas, des antécédents familiaux seuls dans 48% et les deux dans 19%. Le pourcentage de patients avec au moins un adénome a été de 39% (58/147) dans le groupe RdS/IC et de 36% (53/147) dans le groupe contrôle (NS). Le nombre total d’adénomes trouvés dans le groupe RdS/IC a été de 111 et dans le groupe contrôle de 86 (NS). Le nombre d’adénomes de plus de 10 mm n’était pas différent dans les 2 groupes (11 au total). L’étude a identifié 13 lésions CR évoluées: 11 dans le groupe RdS/IC (2 adénocarcinomes vus lors du premier passage et 9 lésions avec foyer de dysplasie de haut grade (DHG) dont 7 vues lors du premier passage) et 2 dans le groupe contrôle (2 DHG). Le nombre de patients avec au moins un polype hyperplasique a été de 60 (41%) dans le groupe RdS/IC et de 39 (27%) dans le groupe contrôle (p = 0,01). Conclusion: Il existe une tendance à une meilleure détection des adénomes par l’utilisation de techniques endoscopiques permettant d’intensifier le relief, chez une population à risque de niveau élevé, mais la différence n’est pas significative. On ne peut donc actuellement, pour cette population, recommander l’emploi systématique de ces techniques pour la recherche d’adénomes, y compris ceux avec foyer de DHG.