tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Exposure to Transportation Noise in Relation to Development of Obesity—a Cohort Study
Authors: Andrei Pyko, Charlotta Eriksson, Tomas Lind, Natalya Mitkovskaya, Alva Wallas, Mikael Ögren, Claes-Göran Östenson, Göran Pershagen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2017)

Background: Exposure to transportation noise is widespread and has been associated with obesity in some studies. However, the evidence from longitudinal studies is limited and little is known about effects of combined exposure to different noise sources. Objectives: The aim of this longitudinal study was to estimate the association between exposure to noise from road traffic, railways, or aircraft and the development of obesity markers. Methods: We assessed individual long-term exposure to road traffic, railway, and aircraft noise based on residential histories in a cohort of 5,184 men and women from Stockholm County. Noise levels were estimated at the most exposed façade of each dwelling. Waist circumference, weight, and height were measured at recruitment and after an average of 8.9 y of follow-up. Extensive information on potential confounders was available from repeated questionnaires and registers. Results: Waist circumference increased 0.04cm/y (95% CI: 0.02, 0.06) and 0.16cm/y (95% CI: 0.14, 0.17) per 10 dB Lden in relation to road traffic and aircraft noise, respectively. No corresponding association was seen for railway noise. Weight gain was only related to aircraft noise exposure. A similar pattern occurred for incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of central obesity and overweight. The IRR of central obesity increased from 1.22 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.39) in those exposed to only one source of transportation noise to 2.26 (95% CI: 1.55, 3.29) among those exposed to all three sources. Conclusion: Our results link transportation noise exposure to development of obesity and suggest that combined exposure from different sources may be particularly harmful. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1910
Descenso de las tasas de marcadores víricos en donantes voluntarios no remunerados de sangre en Europa entre 1990 y 1996
Authors: K Müller-Breitkreutz, T Evers, R Perry
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

A pesar de la aplicacion universal de tecnologias de inactivacion y eliminacion de virus durante la elaboracion de productos derivados del plasma (1,2), la exclusion previa de donantes infecciosos sigue siendo el primer paso esencial para garantizar la calidad de los productos derivados del plasma y el principal determinante de la seguridad de los componentes sanguineos sin tratar. Las modernas tecnologias de seleccion y despistaje han reducido el riesgo de transmision de virus a niveles muy bajos, pero sigue habiendo un pequenisimo, aunque cuantificable, riesgo de donaciones que escapan a la deteccion sistematica, en particular, durante el 'periodo ventana' de la infeccion en un donante de sangre, cuando el donante recientemente infectado carece de respuesta serologica (3-5).
Comment on Kaul. Mitigating Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes With Antidiabetes Drugs: A Review of Principal Cardiovascular Outcome Results of EMPA-REG OUTCOME, LEADER, and SUSTAIN-6 Trials. Diabetes Care 2017;40:821–831
Authors: Sylvie Feldman-Billard
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

I read with great interest the article by Dr. Kaul in the July 2017 issue of Diabetes Care (1), which reviews cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME (BI 10773 [Empagliflozin] Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients), LEADER (Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results—A Long Term Evaluation), and SUSTAIN-6 (Trial to Evaluate Cardiovascular and Other Long-term Outcomes With Semaglutide in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes) trials. While results regarding the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) were neutral with liraglutide in the LEADER study, an unexpected higher rate of severe DR complications, mostly among patients …
Abstract 21000: Interaction Between Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist and Soluble ST2 in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Akinori Sugano, Yoshihiro Seo, Tomoko Ishizu, Masayoshi Yamamoto, Kazutaka Aonuma, Yoshito Iesaka, Akihiko Nogami
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) has a potential to improve clinical outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), since MRA inhibits progression of myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. Soluble ST2 (sST2) is a novel biomarker reflecting myocardial stress and fibrosis. MRA plays a role in the interleukin-33/ST2 signaling modulation. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the effect of MRA on clinical outcomes in HFpEF differed by sST2 level. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between sST2 and clinical outcomes and to test for an interaction between the effect of MRA and sST2 level. Methods: 191 patients with acute decompensated HF and EF ≥50% were prospectively enrolled. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), which included death from cardiovascular disease, unplanned hospitalization for heart failure, acute coronary syndrome and stroke. Results: During follow-up (421±258days), 53 patients (27.7%) met endpoints. In a multivariable analysis, use of MRA and sST2 level were significantly associated with the endpoint (HR 0.48, 95%CI 0.26-0.86, P=0.01, HR 1.02, 1.01-1.03, P=0.01). Patients were divided into 4 groups according to use of MRA and a cutoff value of sST2 (18.5 ng/ml) determined by ROC analysis. Estimated event rate for MACE were significantly higher in patients without MRA compared with those in patients with MRA regardless of category of sST2 level. In a multivariable analysis, MRA was not a significant predictor of outcome in high sST2 group (HR 0.62, 0.28-1.30, P=0.21), whereas MRA was significantly associated with improved outcome in low sST2 group (HR 0.37, 0.13-0.91, P=0.03). Conclusion: The present study showed that higher sST2 level was associated with worse prognosis and predictive of less response to MRA treatment in patients with HFpEF, which suggests that sST2 may be used to predict response to MRA treatment.
P2.01-021 miRNA Deep Sequencing of Early-Stage Lung Cancer Patients to Evaluate the Dynamic Change of Circulating Biomarkers in Response to Surgery
Authors: Daniela Petriella, Stefano Cagnin, Annamaria Catino, Sara Montagna, Francesco Zito, Barbara Barrettara, Beniamina Pacchioni, Caterina Millino, Simona De Summa, Domenico Galetta, Stefania Tommasi, Rosanna Lacalamita
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Abstract 21201: Stent Length Remains an Important Risk for Recurrent Events in Women With or Without Diabetes Mellitus After New Generation DES PCI: From the WIN DES Collaboration
Authors: Jaya Chandrasekhar, Usman Baber, Samantha Sartori, Michele Sarin, Gregg Stone, Martin Leon, Giulio Stefanini, Madhav Sharma, Birgit Vogel, Serdar Farhan, Sabato Sorrentino, Zhen Ge, Stephan Windecker, Patrick Serruys, Clemens Von Birgelen, Pieter Smits, Takeshi Kimura, William Wijns, Adnan Kastrati, David Kandzari, Alaide Chieffo, Soren Galatius, Roxana Mehran
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: New Generation drug eluting stents (DES) have overcome the limitations of bare metal stents and first generation DES resulting in lower risk of ischemic events in women. Hypothesis: We sought to compare increasing total stent length per patient for 3-yr outcomes in DM and non-DM women after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with new generation DES. Methods: The WIN-DES collaboration is a pooled database of women undergoing PCI with coronary stents in 26 randomized trials. We compared total stent length per patient treated with new generation DES in quartiles (Among DM - Q1: 8-18mm, Q2: 18-24mm, Q3: 24-38mm and Q4: 38+mm; among non-DM Q1: 8-18mm, Q2: 18-24mm, Q3: 24-36mm and Q4: 36+mm). 3-yr outcomes were analyzed in a time to event manner and adjusted using multivariable methods. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as a composite of death, myocardial infarction (MI) or target lesion revascularization (TLR). Results: The study sample comprised 5403 patients, of which 31.8% (n = 1719) had DM. In both DM and non-DM groups, patients in Q4 had greater prevalence of B2/C type and calcified lesions with smaller stent diameter compared to others. 3-yr MACE increased from Q1-Q4 in DM and non-DM patients, albeit DM patients experienced higher event rates ( Figure ). After multivariable adjustment, findings were unchanged, and increasing stent length remained associated with greater risk of 3-yr MACE in DM (p-trend=0.003) and non-DM (p-trend &lt;0.0001) patients. No interaction was observed between DM status and stent length for any outcomes. Conclusions: Despite the use of new generation DES, increasing total stent length per patient was associated with greater risk of MACE in both DM and non-DM women undergoing PCI. Women with DM experienced worse outcomes, and a greater risk of TLR regardless of total stent length. Meticulous attention to stent optimization and post PCI pharmacotherapy is needed to mitigate long-term adverse outcomes in women.
Abstract 16041: Interaction of Genetic Variation at the ABO Locus With Short-Term Exposure to Elevated Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution Results in Differential Associations With Acute Coronary Events
Authors: Benjamin D Horne, Joseph B Muhlestein, John F Carlquist, John B Cannon, Nicholas M Hales, Stacey Knight, Jeffrey L Anderson, C. A Pope
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution is associated with risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) events primarily in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). ABO gene sequen...
Abstract 15440: The Incidence and Outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury After TAVR
Authors: Abdulla Damluji, Magdalena Murman, David Painter, Yahya E Alansari, Mohamad Kabach, Italo Novoa, Rogerio G Carrillo, Donald B Williams, Eduardo J de Marchena, Claudia A Martinez, Carlos Alfonso, Mauro Moscucci, Alan W Heldman, Lionel Leroux, Mauricio G Cohen
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a known complication after cardiovascular procedures and is associated with increased all-cause-mortality. Hypothesis: We aimed to assess the incidence, predictors, and long-term outcomes of AKI after TAVR. Methods: We evaluated inoperable patients with severe aortic stenosis who received TAVR in an academic institution from 04/2008 to 06/2015. AKI was defined according to the consensus report of the Valve Academic Research Consortium. Predictors of AKI were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression modeling. Results: Among 457 patients who underwent TAVR, 78 (17%) developed AKI. There were no differences in age, gender, BMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking status, or medications use among patients with and without AKI. However, patients with AKI were more likely to have diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and prior history of stroke than patients without AKI (Figure). Patients with AKI had also lower baseline hemoglobin (AKI: 11 g/dL vs. No AKI: 12, p=0.004) and higher baseline creatinine (1.45 vs. 1.1, p=&lt;0.001). Procedural characteristics that were associated with AKI included: hypotension, IABP/LV assist device use, bleeding, and vascular complications. Patients with AKI had higher all-cause-mortality (14% vs. 2%, p &lt;0.001), higher median hospital length of stay (12 vs. 7 days, p &lt;0.001) and a higher incidence of new dialysis requirement (12% vs. 1%, p &lt;0.001), and dialysis at one month (8% vs. 1%, p =0.001). Multivariate logistsic regression analysis identified DM, CKD, and IABP or LV assist device use as independent predictors of AKI. Conclusion: Our results suggest that AKI is relatively common post TAVR and it is associated with increased mortality, length of stay, and dialysis requirement. Patients with underlying CKD and DM who require IABP or LV assist devices for hemodynamic support are at the highest risk of AKI.
Lawyers for Guantanamo Bay detainees on hunger strike will fight US government in court
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Lawyers for detainees on hunger strike at Guantanamo Bay are mounting a court challenge to a US government policy change that they say allows officials to let detainees reach “the brink of death” before reviving them.

A motion filed in the US District Court in Washington, DC on behalf of Ahmed Ghulam Rabbani, a Pakistani prisoner, claims that he “will suffer irreparable medical harm and possibly even die” unless the court intervenes.

Five prisoners who have been held at Guantanamo Bay indefinitely without charge or trial have staged lengthy hunger strikes in protest. Until September this year those whose weight dropped below a certain level but who would not voluntarily take a nutritional supplement were …
P3.03-061 Burden of Disease and Management of Mesothelioma in France: A National Cohort Analysis
Authors: Jean Baptiste Assié, Pascal Andujar, Isabelle Monnet, Charlene Tournier, Cecile Blein, Alexandre Vainchtock, Arnaud Scherpereel, Jean Claude Pairon, Christos Chouaid
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
P2.07-039 Nivolumab Experience in Patients with Previously Treated Advanced Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) in Toledo, Spain
Authors: E. Martinez Moreno, A. Irigoyen Medina, K. Martinez Barroso, M. Borregon Rivilla, R. Alvarez Cabellos, J.D. Cardenas, J. Andrade Santiago, I. Burgueño Lorenzo, B. Trujillo Alba, J.I. Chacon Lopez-Muñiz
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Novel insights into chromosomal conformations in cancer
Authors: Ruobing Jia, Peiwei Chai, He Zhang, Xianqun Fan
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2017)

Exploring gene function is critical for understanding the complexity of life. DNA sequences and the three-dimensional organization of chromatin (chromosomal interactions) are considered enigmatic factors underlying gene function, and interactions between two distant fragments can regulate transactivation activity via mediator proteins. Thus, a series of chromosome conformation capture techniques have been developed, including chromosome conformation capture (3C), circular chromosome conformation capture (4C), chromosome conformation capture carbon copy (5C), and high-resolution chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C). The application of these techniques has expanded to various fields, but cancer remains one of the major topics. Interactions mediated by proteins or long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are typically found using 4C-sequencing and chromatin interaction analysis by paired-end tag sequencing (ChIA-PET). Currently, Hi-C is used to identify chromatin loops between cancer risk-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) found by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and their target genes. Chromosomal conformations are responsible for altered gene regulation through several typical mechanisms and contribute to the biological behavior and malignancy of different tumors, particularly prostate cancer, breast cancer and hematologic neoplasms. Moreover, different subtypes may exhibit different 3D-chromosomal conformations. Thus, C-tech can be used to help diagnose cancer subtypes and alleviate cancer progression by destroying specific chromosomal conformations. Here, we review the fundamentals and improvements in chromosome conformation capture techniques and their clinical applications in cancer to provide insight for future research.
PS04.02 Randomized, Double-Blind Study of Erlotinib Plus Ramucirumab or Placebo in First Line for Patients with EGFR Mutation-Positive Metastatic NSCLC
Authors: R.R. Polit, M. Reck, O. Juan Vidal, E. Nadal, P. Lee, E. Alexandris, S. He, K. Nakagawa, E.B. Garon
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Disagreements in surgical decision making for advanced cancer patients secondary to deficiencies in palliative care education.
Authors: Sarah Bateni, Robert J. Canter, Frederick J. Meyers, Joseph M Galante, Richard J. Bold
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

34 Background: Surgical decision making in advanced cancer patients requires careful thought and deliberation balancing the high risks with the potential palliative benefits. We sought to compare palliative care education and decision-making for palliative surgery among physicians who commonly treat advanced cancer patients. Methods: Practicing surgeons, medical oncologists, palliative care physicians and critical care intensivists from a large urban city and its surrounding areas were surveyed with a 32-item questionnaire consisting of a palliative care education survey and 4 clinical vignettes depicting patients with advanced cancer and symptomatic surgical conditions. Results: Of the 299 physicians surveyed, 102 responded with a response rate of 34.1%. Respondents reflected the demographics of the total cohort. Physicians reported minimal hours of palliative care education during residency (median 0, IQR 0-8), fellowship (median 0, IQR 0-20), and continuing medical education (CME, median 8, IQR 0-20). Surgeons reported the fewest hours of palliative care education during residency, fellowship, and CME combined (median 10, IQR 2-15) compared to medical oncologists (median 30, IQR 20-80) and intensivists (median 50, IQR 30-100), p &lt; 0.05. 19.6% of surgeons reported receiving no palliative care education compared to none of the medical oncologists and 7.7% of intensivists. Analysis of physician treatment recommendations for the 4 clinical vignettes showed disagreement among physicians regardless of specialty. Absence of palliative care training was associated with recommending major surgical intervention more frequently compared to physicians with ≥40 hours of palliative care training (0.7 ± 0.7 vs. 1.6 ± 0.8, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Deficiencies in palliative care education persist and adversely impact quality of care. Recent national society recommendations for palliative care services are well founded given these deficiencies. Additionally, our findings highlight a sustained failure of the current postgraduate medical education system and the need for greater efforts system-wide in palliative care education across medical and surgical specialties.
Inhibition of Cathepsins of Normal Calf Spleen and Thymus
Authors: Mary E. Maver, Antoinette Greco
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1947)

Journal Article Inhibition of Cathepsins of Normal Calf Spleen and Thymus Get access Mary E. Maver, Mary E. Maver senior biochemist Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Antoinette Greco Antoinette Greco junior biochemist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 8, Issue 2, October 1947, Pages 45–48, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/8.2.45 Published: 01 October 1947 Article history Received: 18 July 1947 Published: 01 October 1947
Abstract 18955: Associations of Microvascular Function, Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, and Aortic Stiffness-The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Leroy L Cooper, Floyd Washington, Avnish Tripathi, Amir Azeem, Connie W Tsao, Vasan S Ramachandran, Gary F Mitchell, Ervin R Fox
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction:  African Americans have more severe endothelial dysfunction and aortic stiffening as compared to white Americans. However, the association between aortic stiffness and microvascular function within the African-American community has not been investigated.   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized that vascular risk factors would be associated with alterations in microvascular function and that aortic stiffness measures would be associated with attenuated hyperemic flow and vasodilatory reserve after adjustment for other clinical correlates of vascular dysfunction.   Methods:  We observed 1840 African-American participants (1307 [64%] women, mean age: 63±11 years) of the Jackson Heart Study third exam cycle (2008–13). We evaluated three measures of aortic stiffness: brachial pulse pressure, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CFPWV), and forward pressure wave amplitude. Using high-resolution Doppler ultrasound, we evaluated brachial flow at baseline and during reactive hyperemia after 5 minutes of forearm ischemia. We assessed associations of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors with brachial flow velocity and associations between aortic stiffness and brachial flow using adjusted multivariable regression.   Results:  Multiple CVD risk factors were correlated with baseline and hyperemic brachial flow. We also observed significant sex differences in associations between hyperemic flow velocity and age ( P =0.002). Higher baseline brachial flow velocity was associated with higher brachial pulse pressure (β: 0.07±0.03;  P =0.02) and forward pressure wave (β: 0.06±0.03;  P =0.03) but with lower CFPWV (β: -0.11±0.03;  P =0.001). In age-sex-MAP adjusted models, elevated stiffness measures were associated with lower hyperemic brachial flow. However, after further adjustment, higher brachial pulse pressure (β: -0.07±0.03;  P =0.02) and CFPWV (β: -0.13±0.03;  P  P =0.13) was not.   Conclusions:  In a sample of African-American participants, higher aortic stiffness and pressure pulsatility are associated with lower flow reserve during reactive hyperemia, beyond changes attributable to traditional CVD factors alone.
Abstract 18689: P2Y6 Depletion Enhances Metabolic Activity and Ameliorates Outcome of High Fed Diet Induced Obesity in Mice
Authors: Julian Merz, Peter Stachon, Philipp Albrecht, Natalie Hoppe, Christoph Bode, Marco Idzko, Andreas Zirlik
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  With 17.3 million deaths per year cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death worldwide. A prolonged obese body composition is strongly related with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality. Extracellular nucleotides are known to modulate metabolic pathways such as glucose homeostasis, cholesterol homeostasis, and adipocyte differentiation. These extracellular nucleotides signal through purinergic receptors, e.g. P2Y 6,  which fine-tune metabolic processes providing a potential target in the treatment of obesity induced metabolic syndrome.   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized a role of P2Y 6  in the outcome of high-fat diet induced obesity.   Methods:  P2Y 6  deficient (ko) 8 week old male mice and C57Bl6/N wildtype (wt) mice were fed for 20 weeks a high-fat or normal diet. Metabolic activity was assessed by metabolic caging at week 17. After 20 weeks mice were euthanized and whole body composition analyzed by necropsy. Blood plasma was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.   Results:  We observed a decelerated gain of body weight in P2Y 6  deficient animals (after 12 weeks wt: 45.4 ± 0.9g (n=13) and P2Y 6  ko: 40.6 ± 1.0g (n=13), p=0.0022). After necropsy P2Y 6  ko mice revealed reduced fat depositions (e.g. pericardial adipose tissue of P2Y 6  ko mice: 58.3 ± 5.4mg (n=13) versus wt mice: 75.2 ± 4.8mg (n=9), p  6  ko animals under HFD (P2Y 6  ko: 380 ± 27.9mg (n=8) versus wt: 303.3 ± 23.2mg (n=10), p  6  deficient mice have a higher O 2  consumption (P2Y 6  ko: 2666 ± 79ml/h/kg (n=6) versus wt: 2315 ± 62ml/h/kg (n=6), p=0.0059), increased CO 2  exhalation (P2Y 6  ko: 2006 ± 66ml/h/kg (n=6) versus wt: 1724 ± 44ml/h/kg (n=6), p=0.0051) and increased heat (P2Y 6  ko: 12.64 ± 0.38kcal/h/kg (n=6) versus wt: 11.16 ± 0.42kcal/h/kg (n=6), p 6  ko animals (100.2 ± 28.6mg/dl (n=5)) compared to wt animals under HFD (219.5 ± 41.4mg/dl (n=3), p   Conclusions:  In conclusion our data showed a reduction of HFD induced fat deposition in P2Y 6  ko mice due to an increased metabolic activity. This makes P2Y 6  a promising target for the treatment of obesity induced metabolic syndrome and prevention of CVDs.