tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of High-Dose, Rapid, Hepatitis A and B Vaccination Schedules in Patients With Cirrhosis
Authors: Alan J. Wigg, Rachel Wundke, Rosemary McCormick, Kate R. Muller, Jeyamani Ramachandran, Sumudu K. Narayana, Richard J. Woodman
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2018)
Near-infrared fluorescence for detection of sentinel lymph nodes in women with cervical and uterine cancers (FILM): a randomised, phase 3, multicentre, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Michael Frumovitz, Marie Plante, Paula S Lee, Samith Sandadi, James F Lilja, Pedro F Escobar, Lilian T Gien, Diana L Urbauer, Nadeem R Abu-Rustum
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2018)
Fas-associated phosphatase-1 promotes Fas-mediated apoptosis in SW480 human colon cancer cells.
Authors: Takako Miyazaki, Yoshinari Atarashi, Satoshi Yasumura, Isao Minatoya, Kohei Ogawa, Masaya Iwamoto, Masami Minemura, Akiharu Watanabe, Taka-Aki Sato
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

3340   FAP-1 has been considered as one of the protein inhibitors in Fas-mediated apoptosis. However, we obtained Fas-susceptible clones by transduction of FAP-1 cDNA to FAP-1-negarive SW480 colon cancer cell line, which expressed Fas on the surface but was strongly resistant to Fas-mediated apoptosis. In the clones, caspase 8 and caspase 3 were fully activated by agonistic anti-Fas antibody treatment. Bcl-2 family proteins did not seem to relate to the high susceptibility of these clones, because caspase 9 was not activated. Transfection of FAP-1 did not suppress the survival actions of IGF-1 which enhance survival signal through Akt phsphorylation. Therefore, it was suggested that unknown factors might contribute this phenomenon. Then, we analyzed cDNA microarrays to compare mRNA levels of various genes between one of the Fas-sensitive clone and LacZ-transfected or parental SW480. Expression of p21 upregulation was confirmed in the clones, but antisense treatment of p21 showed that it acted as an inhibitor against Fas-mediated apoptosis. Upregulation in 21 genes and downregulation in 29 genes were revealed by cDNA microarrays. These genes contained transcription factors and signal transduction molecules. FAP-1 might induce unbalance in the network of survival and inhibitory factors that suppressed Fas-mediated apoptosis and, as a result, enhance susceptibility against Fas-mediated apoptosis in SW480.
Abstract P270: Higher Adherence to Mediterranean Diet is Associated with Lower Levels of D-Dimer: Findings From the MOLI-SANI Study
Authors: Augusto Filippo Di Castelnuovo, Marialaura Bonaccio, Amalia De Curtis, Simona Costanzo, Mariarosaria Persichillo, Giovanni de Gaetano, Maria Benedetta Donati, Licia Iacoviello
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Elevated D-dimer (D-d) levels are associated with higher cardiovascular (CVD) risk and total mortality. Variability of D-d levels in a healthy population is poorly explained by common CVD risk factors, and specific role of diet has not been investigated. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that D-d levels are associated with adherence to Mediterranean Diet (MD). Methods: We analyzed 17,403 (47% men, age≥35 yr, mean age 54±11 yr) apparently CVD or cancer[[Unable to Display Character: &amp;#8211;]]free individuals randomly recruited from the general population of the MOLI-SANI study (Italy), for whom complete data on D-d, adherence to MD and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) were available. D-d was measured on fresh citrated plasma by an automated latex-enhanced immunoassay (HemosIL-IL, Milan). Food intake was recorded by the EPIC food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to the MD was appraised by the Greek Mediterranean diet score. D-d and CRP distributions were log transformed to reduce positive skewness. Results: In multivariable analysis of variance adjusted for potential covariates (Table), high MD adherence was associated with lower D-d levels (Table). The difference in geometric means between individuals with the highest (175 ng/ml) versus the lowest (188 ng/ml) MD adherence was 13% of the standard deviation (SD) of D-d distribution in the whole population (SD=103 ng/ml). For comparison, the same difference was only 4% for CRP levels (SD=1.88 mg/dL). When log transformed distributions are considered, the previous differences (as percentages over SD) became 18% for D-d and 6% for CRP. These findings did not change when D-d was further adjusted for CRP or viceversa . Conclusions: High adherence to MD is associated with lower D-d levels, in a large healthy adult population. The differences in D-d levels according to MD are much higher (in percentage to population variability) than those observed for CRP levels. These data suggest that high MD adherence is associated not only with a lower inflammatory status but also with a reduced tendency to develop thrombosis.
Monitoring and Updating of Action Selection for Goal-Directed Behavior through the Striatal Direct and Indirect Pathways
Authors: Satoshi Nonomura, Kayo Nishizawa, Yutaka Sakai, Yasuo Kawaguchi, Shigeki Kato, Motokazu Uchigashima, Masahiko Watanabe, Ko Yamanaka, Kazuki Enomoto, Satomi Chiken, Hiromi Sano, Shogo Soma, Junichi Yoshida, Kazuyuki Samejima, Masaaki Ogawa, Kazuto Kobayashi, Atsushi Nambu, Yoshikazu Isomura, Minoru Kimura
Journal: Neuron (2018)
Lung function in primary ciliary dyskinesia: breaking the myth that this is a mild disease
Authors: Sejal Saglani
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a chronic suppurative lung disease that is recessively inherited and has marked clinical phenotypic heterogeneity [1]. The autosomal recessive inheritance and impaired mucociliary clearance secondary to ciliary dysfunction mean the condition is often compared to cystic fibrosis both in terms of outcomes [2] and management [3]. Indeed, even though both are chronic suppurative lung diseases associated with bronchiectasis, to date PCD has often been considered mild and relatively benign compared to cystic fibrosis. Early diagnosis and intervention is essential to prevent progressive lung damage in primary ciliary dyskinesia <http://ow.ly/JMCE30l8YVa>
Induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by radiotherapy (RT) versus cetuximab plus IC and RT in advanced laryngeal/hypopharyngeal cancer resectable only by total laryngectomy—final results of the larynx organ preservation trial DeLOS-II
Authors: A. Dietz, G. Wichmann, T. Kuhnt, L. Pfreundner, R. Hagen, M. Scheich, O. Kölbl, M.G. Hautmann, J. Strutz, F. Schreiber, U. Bockmühl, V. Schilling, P. Feyer, M. de Wit, G. Maschmeyer, M. Jungehülsing, U. Schroeder, B. Wollenberg, C. Sittel, M. Münter, T. Lenarz, J.P. Klussmann, O. Guntinas-Lichius, C. Rudack, H.T. Eich, T. Foerg, S. Preyer, M. Westhofen, H.J. Welkoborsky, D. Esser, D. Thurnher, S. Remmert, H. Sudhoff, M. Görner, J. Bünzel, V. Budach, S. Held, M. Knödler, F. Lordick, S. Wiegand, K. Vogel, A. Boehm, M. Flentje, U. Keilholz
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)

BackgroundThe German multicenter randomized phase II larynx organ preservation (LOP) trial DeLOS-II was carried out to prove the hypothesis that cetuximab (E) added to induction chemotherapy (IC) and radiotherapy improves laryngectomy-free survival (LFS; survival with preserved larynx) in locally advanced laryngeal/hypopharyngeal cancer (LHSCC).Patients and methodsTreatment-naïve patients with stage III/IV LHSCC amenable to total laryngectomy (TL) were randomized to three cycles IC with TPF [docetaxel (T) and cisplatin (P) 75 mg/m2/day 1, 5-FU (F) 750 mg/m2/day days 1–5] followed by radiotherapy (69.6 Gy) without (A) or with (B) standard dose cetuximab for 16 weeks throughout IC and radiotherapy (TPFE). Response to first IC-cycle (IC-1) with ≥30% endoscopically estimated tumor surface shrinkage (ETSS) was used to define early responders; early salvage TL was recommended to non-responders. The primary objective was 24 months LFS above 35% in arm B.ResultsOf 180 patients randomized (July 2007 to September 2012), 173 fulfilled eligibility criteria (A/B: larynx 44/42, hypopharynx 41/46). Because of 4 therapy-related deaths among the first 64 randomized patients, 5-FU was omitted from IC in the subsequent 112 patients reducing further fatal toxicities. Thus, IC was TPF in 61 patients and TP in 112 patients, respectively. The primary objective (24 months LFS above 35%) was equally met by arms A (40/85, 47.1%) as well as B (41/88, 46.6%). One hundred and twenty-three early responders completed IC+RT; their overall response rates (TPF/TP) were 94.7%/87.2% in A versus 80%/86.0% in B. The 24 months overall survival (OS) rates were 68.2% and 69.3%.ConclusionsDespite being accompanied by an elevated frequency in adverse events, the IC with TPF/TP plus cetuximab was feasible but showed no superiority to IC with TPF/TP regarding LFS and OS at 24 months. Both early response and 24 months LFS compare very well to previous LOP trials and recommend effective treatment selection and stratification by ETSS.Clinical trial informationNCT00508664.
Interconnected clusters of invasive meningococcal disease due to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C ST-11 (cc11), involving bisexuals and men who have sex with men, with discos and gay-venues hotspots of transmission, Tuscany, Italy, 2015 to 2016
Authors: Alessandro Miglietta, Cecilia Fazio, Arianna Neri, Patrizio Pezzotti, Francesco Innocenti, Chiara Azzari, Gian Maria Rossolini, Maria Moriondo, Francesco Nieddu, Stefania Iannazzo, Fortunato D’Ancona, Francesco Paolo Maraglino, Raniero Guerra, Giovanni Rezza, Fabio Voller, Paola Stefanelli
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2018)

In 2015 an increased incidence of invasive meningococcal disease due to serogroup-C (MenC) occurred in Tuscany, Italy. This led the Regional Health Authority of Tuscany to implement a reactive immunisation campaign and to launch an epidemiological field investigation aiming to address targeted immunisation interventions. In 2011-14, 10 MenC cases had been reported compared with 62 cases in 2015-16. The case fatality rate was 21% (n = 13) and 51 cases (82.3%) were confirmed as C:P1.5-1,10-8:F3-6:ST-11(cc11). Overall, 17 clusters were recognised. Six discos and four gay-venues were found to have a role as transmission-hotspots, having been attended by 20 and 14 cases in the 10 days before symptoms onset. Ten and three cases occurred, respectively, among men who have sex with men (MSM) and bisexual individuals, who were involved in 11 clusters. In addition, heterosexual cases (n = 5) attending gay-venues were also found. Secondary cases were not identified. Molecular typing indicated close relationship with MenC clusters recently described among gay, bisexual and other MSM in Europe and the United States, suggesting a possible international spread of the serogroup-C-variant P1.5-1,10-8:F3-6:ST-11(cc11) in this population-group; however, epidemiological links were not identified. In December 2016, a targeted vaccination campaign involving discos and lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) associations was implemented. During 2017, 10 cases of MenC occurred, compared with 32 and 30 cases reported in 2015 and 2016 respectively, suggesting the effectiveness of the reactive and targeted immunisation programmes.
The Complexity and Challenges of Intensive Care Unit Admissions and Discharges
Authors: Kyan Safavi, Jeanine Wiener-Kronish, Dusan Hanidziar
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Statins attenuate Akt phosphorylation induced by etoposide in HepG2 and A549 cells
Authors: Emilie Roudier, Johan Högberg, Ulla Stenius
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

5952   Statins, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are currently used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. They have also been shown to exert anticancer effects in many models. Recent studies show that statins enhance the efficiency of chemotherapeutics in tumour cell lines and the cytotoxicity of e.g. 5-Fluorouracil is enhanced by statins. In the present study the effect of statins on Akt phosphorylation was studied. It was found that pravastatin and atorvastatin in micromolar concentrations (0.5-5 μM) decreased the constitutive levels of phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) in HepG2 cells. Incubation of cells with statins for one hour significantly reduced the amount of Akt phosphorylated serine 473 and threonine 308. We also examined whether cytostatic-induced Akt activation was inhibited by statins in HepG2- and A549 cells. It was found that the levels of etoposide-induced pAkt levels were reduced by preincubation with statins for one hour. A dose-dependent attenuation of Akt phosphorylation was induced in both HepG2 and A549 cells. PI3K-dependent activation of Akt is also induced by growth factors and cytokines. We examined whether insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation was inhibited by statins and also in this case we found that pretreatment with pravastatin and atorvastatin attenuated the phosphorylation of Akt on ser 473 and thr 308. More long term effects of statins were also studied. Lower level of pAkt induction by insulin was still found after 24 hours after statin addition, indicating that the effect lasted at least 24 hours. The effect of statins on subcellular localization of Akt was studied by immunocytochemistry. Incubation of cells with insulin for 15 minutes resulted in nuclear translocalisation of pAkt in HepG2 cells. When cells were preincubated with pravastatin (2 μM) for 1 hour the nuclear translocation of pAkt was inhibited. These results suggest that statins modulate activation and translocalization of Akt which is induced by growth factors and chemotherapeutic drugs. As the activation of the Akt pathway might be involved in drug resistance, further studies will characterize the potential of statins as anticancer agent when used in combination with Akt activating chemotherapeutics.
Midodrine and albumin for prevention of complications in patients with cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation. A randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Elsa Solà, Cristina Solé, Macarena Simón-Talero, Marta Martín-Llahí, José Castellote, Rita Garcia-Martínez, Rebeca Moreira, Maria Torrens, Francisca Márquez, Núria Fabrellas, Gloria de Prada, Patrícia Huelin, Eva Lopez Benaiges, Meritxell Ventura, Marcela Manríquez, André Nazar, Xavier Ariza, Pilar Suñé, Isabel Graupera, Elisa Pose, Jordi Colmenero, Marco Pavesi, Mónica Guevara, Miquel Navasa, Xavier Xiol, Joan Córdoba, Victor Vargas, Pere Ginès
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Abstract 16485: Reconstitution of Aged Bone Marrow With Young Sca-1 Cell Rejuvenates the Aged Heart
Authors: Jiao Li, Shu-Hong Li, Zhengbo Shao, Hui-Fang Song, Sheng He, Jun Wu, Richard D. Weisel, Shi-Ming Liu, Ren-Ke Li
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Aims: The mechanism responsible for the limited rejuvenation potential of the aged heart remain elusive. We previously reported that Sca-1+ cells are a key BM cell type for the rejuvenation of the aged heart. The present study was designated to identify the molecular mechanism of the aged heart rejuvenation by BM Sca-1+ cells. Methods and Results: BM Sca-1+ or Sca-1- cells from young (2-3 mos old) or aged (18-19 mos old) GFP transgenic mice were transplanted into lethally irradiated aged mice to generate 4 groups of chimeras: Young Sca-1+ /Sca-1- and old Sca-1+/ Sca-1- respectively. Four months after BM rejuvenation, the expression of rejuvenation-related genes (BMI1, Chromobox 8, PNUTS, Sirtuin 1[Sirt1], Sirt2, Sirt6) and proteins (Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 [Cdk2],Cdk4) was increased whereas the expression of senescence-related genes (P16, P19, P27) and proteins (p16, p27) was decreased in the Sca-1+ chimeric hearts, especially in the young Sca-1+ group (P<0.05). Telomerase activity was increased (107.9±...
Family income inequalities and trajectories through childhood and self-harm and violence in young adults: a population-based, nested case-control study
Authors: Pearl L H Mok, Sussie Antonsen, Carsten B Pedersen, Matthew J Carr, Nav Kapur, James Nazroo, Roger T Webb
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2018)

BackgroundChildhood poverty is associated with elevated later risks for self-directed and externalised violence, but how risks are modified by parental socioeconomic mobility remains unclear. We investigated parental income trajectories during childhood and subsequent risks of self-harm and violent criminality in young adulthood.MethodsUsing Danish national registers, we delineated a nested case-control study of Danish citizens born from Jan 1, 1982, to Dec 31, 2000, with first hospital-treated self-harm episodes and first violent crime convictions at ages 15–33 years. Each case was matched on age and gender to 25 randomly selected controls. Parental income was assessed in birth-year and at ages 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years. We considered parental age, the child's number of siblings, parental mental health, and parental education to be covariates. We estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) by conditional logistic regression inherently adjusted for age, gender, and calendar year; we then made additional adjustments for the covariates considered.FindingsWe identified 21 267 first episodes of hospital-treated self-harm, to which we matched 531 675 controls, and 23 724 first violent crime convictions, to which we matched 593 100 controls. We observed inverse relationships between parental income and risks for the two outcomes for each of the ages parental income was measured. The longer a child lived in poorer circumstances, the higher their subsequent risks for self-harm and violent criminality, and vice versa for time spent living in affluent conditions. Associations were stronger for violent criminality than for self-harm. Compared with individuals who were born and remained in the most affluent families, all other income trajectories were associated with elevated risks for both outcomes. Those who remained in the least affluent quintile showed the highest risks for self-harm (IRR 7·2, 95% CI 6·6–7·9; 1174 [6%] cases) and for violent criminality (IRR 13·0; 95% CI 11·9–14·1; 1640 [7%] cases). The risk patterns were attenuated, but essentially persisted, after covariate adjustment. For any parental income level at birth, being upwardly mobile was associated with lower risk compared with downward mobility.InterpretationParental income represents a multitude of unmeasured familial sociodemographic indices. Tackling the causes of inequality and associated psychosocial and sociocultural challenges to enable upwards socioeconomic mobility could potentially reduce risks for self-directed and externalised violence.FundingEuropean Research Council.
Can Clinicians Be Objective? Inherent Challenges in Using Decision-Making Tools in Cases of Entrenched Disagreements
Authors: A. Ferrand, E. Racine
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2018)

In their target article, “When Parents Refuse: Resolving Entrenched Disagreements Between Parents and Clinicians in Situations of Uncertainty and Complexity,” (Winters and colleagues 2018) propose ...
TMC1 Forms the Pore of Mechanosensory Transduction Channels in Vertebrate Inner Ear Hair Cells
Authors: Bifeng Pan, Nurunisa Akyuz, Xiao-Ping Liu, Yukako Asai, Carl Nist-Lund, Kiyoto Kurima, Bruce H. Derfler, Bence György, Walrati Limapichat, Sanket Walujkar, Lahiru N. Wimalasena, Marcos Sotomayor, David P. Corey, Jeffrey R. Holt
Journal: Neuron (2018)
Abstract 15921: Alpha-2C Adrenergic Receptor Genotype is Strongly Associated With Changes in the Beta1-gene Signaling Network in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients Undergoing Beta-blocker Therapy
Authors: Maggie Butler, David P Kao, Brian D Lowes, Edward M Gilbert, Wayne Minobe, Leslie K Meyer, Debra A Ferguson, Ronald Zolty, Alastair Robertson, Robert A Quaife, Michael R Bristow
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Polymorphisms of adrenergic receptors (AR) may affect susceptibility for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and response to beta-blockers. One such polymorphism is d...
Sequential delivery of VEGF siRNA and paclitaxel for PVN destruction, anti-angiogenesis, and tumor cell apoptosis procedurally via a multi-functional polymer micelle
Authors: Yanfang Yang, Yingying Meng, Jun Ye, Xuejun Xia, Hongliang Wang, Lin Li, Wujun Dong, Dujia Jin, Yuling Liu
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2018)
Abstract 17908: Impact Of Sarcopenia On Survival In Patients With Non-traumatic Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Mitsuhiro Fukata, Tomohiko Akahoshi, Noriyuki Kaku, Nishihara Masaaki, Kei Irie, Taku Yokoyama, Takeshi Arita, Keita Odashiro, Toru Maruyama, Koich Akashi
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction and Hypothesis: Sarcopenia is the degenerative loss of skeletal muscle and reported as a predictor of the unfavorable outcome in patients with chronic disease. We hypothesize that the ...
Culture results from wound biopsy versus wound swab: does it matter for the assessment of wound infection?
Authors: M. Haalboom, M.H.E. Blokhuis-Arkes, R.J. Beuk, R. Meerwaldt, R. Klont, M.J. Schijffelen, P.B. Bowler, M. Burnet, E. Sigl, J.A.M. van der Palen
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2018)
Correction to: Withholding or withdrawing of life-sustaining therapy in older adults (≥ 80 years) admitted to the intensive care unit
Authors: Bertrand Guidet, Hans Flaatten, Ariane Boumendil, Alessandro Morandi, Finn H. Andersen, Antonio Artigas, Guido Bertolini, Maurizio Cecconi, Steffen Christensen, Loredana Faraldi, Jesper Fjølner, Christian Jung, Brian Marsh, Rui Moreno, Sandra Oeyen, Christina Agwald Öhman, Bernardo Bollen Pinto, Ivo W. Soliman, Wojciech Szczeklik, Andreas Valentin, Ximena Watson, Tilemachos Zafeiridis, Dylan W. De Lange
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2018)