tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reply: Next Step to Understanding Subphenotypes of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Carolyn S. Calfee, Kevin Delucchi, Katie R. Famous
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2017)

We appreciate the interest in our recent publication (1) from Dr. Shimatani and colleagues and thank them for their letter.With regard to the idea that the temporal evolution of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may influence subphenotype assignment, we note that all subjects in the FACTT (Fluid and Catheter Treatment Trial) study were enrolled within the first 48 hours of ARDS, but the precise time elapsed between meeting ARDS criteria and plasma sampling for each patient is not available in this data set.In our previous work on ARDS subphenotypes (2), patients were enrolled within the first 36 hours of meeting ARDS criteria, thus narrowing the window further, but again the precise interval between meeting criteria and enrollment for each patient was not available.We agree with the authors that the evolution and stability of ARDS subphenotypes over time is a critically important topic for further study, and we are currently preparing a manuscript on this very topic.We also agree with the letter's point regarding the potential influence of genotype on ARDS subphenotype and plan to address this topic in our future research as well.We appreciate the authors' interest and their thoughtful questions regarding our work.
AGREEMENT OF TWO METHODS FOR ASSESSING PRESSURE/TIME CURVE PROFILE (STRESS INDEX) IN ARDS
Authors: P. Terragni, L. Mascia, A. Birocco, C. Faggiano, T. Tenaglia, G. Maiolo, J. Pernechele, E. Degiovanni, E. Viscomi, V.M. Ranieri
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2011)
Cautions for Extending Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Other Therapeutic Uses
Authors: Rosamond Rhodes, Henry Sacks
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2017)

In their article “Ethical Issues in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Practice,” Ma and colleagues (2017) raise a number of questions related to the development of fecal microbiota transplants (F...
Randomized Clinical Trial of Real-Time fMRI Amygdala Neurofeedback for Major Depressive Disorder: Effects on Symptoms and Autobiographical Memory Recall
Authors: Kymberly D. Young, Greg J. Siegle, Vadim Zotev, Raquel Phillips, Masaya Misaki, Han Yuan, Wayne C. Drevets, Jerzy Bodurka
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2017)

Objective: Patients with depression show blunted amygdala hemodynamic activity to positive stimuli, including autobiographical memories. The authors examined the therapeutic efficacy of real-time functional MRI neurofeedback (rtfMRI-nf) training aimed at increasing the amygdala’s hemodynamic response to positive memories in patients with depression. Method: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial, unmedicated adults with depression (N=36) were randomly assigned to receive two sessions of rtfMRI-nf either from the amygdala (N=19) or from a parietal control region not involved in emotional processing (N=17). Clinical scores and autobiographical memory performance were assessed at baseline and 1 week after the final rtfMRI-nf session. The primary outcome measure was change in score on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and the main analytic approach consisted of a linear mixed-model analysis. Results: In participants in the experimental group, the hemodynamic response in the amygdala increased relative to their own baseline and to the control group. Twelve participants in the amygdala rtfMRI-nf group, compared with only two in the control group, had a >50% decrease in MADRS score. Six participants in the experimental group, compared with one in the control group, met conventional criteria for remission at study end, resulting in a number needed to treat of 4. In participants receiving amygdala rtfMRI-nf, the percent of positive specific memories recalled increased relative to baseline and to the control group. Conclusions: rtfMRI-nf training to increase the amygdala hemodynamic response to positive memories significantly decreased depressive symptoms and increased the percent of specific memories recalled on an autobiographical memory test. These data support a role of the amygdala in recovery from depression.
Drought and the risk of hospital admissions and mortality in older adults in western USA from 2000 to 2013: a retrospective study
Authors: Jesse D Berman, Keita Ebisu, Roger D Peng, Francesca Dominici, Michelle L Bell
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2017)

Occurrence, severity and geographic extent of droughts are anticipated to increase under climate change, but the health consequences of drought conditions are unknown. We estimate risks of cardiovascular and respiratory-related hospitalization and mortality associated with drought conditions for the western U.S. elderly population.For counties in the western U.S. (N=618) and for the period 2000 to 2013, we use data from the U.S. Drought Monitor to identify: 1) full drought periods; 2) non-drought periods; and 3) worsening drought periods stratified by low- and high-severity. We use Medicare claims to calculate daily rates of cardiovascular admissions, respiratory admissions, and deaths among adults 65 years or older. Using a two-stage hierarchical model, we estimated the percentage change in health risks when comparing drought to non-drought period days controlling for daily weather and seasonal trends.On average there were 2·1 million days and 0·6 million days classified as non-drought periods and drought periods, respectively. Compared to non-drought periods, respiratory admissions significantly decreased by -1·99% (95% posterior interval (PI): -3·56, -0·38) during the full drought period, but not during worsening drought conditions. Mortality risk significantly increased by 1·55% (95% PI: 0·17, 2·95) during the high-severity worsening drought period, but not the full drought period. Cardiovascular admissions did not differ significantly during either drought or worsening drought periods. In counties where drought occurred less frequently, we found risks for cardiovascular disease and mortality to increase during worsening drought conditions.Drought conditions increased risk of mortality during high-severity worsening drought, but decreased the risk of respiratory admissions during full drought periods among older adults. Counties that experience fewer drought events show larger risk for mortality and cardiovascular disease. This research describes an understudied environmental association with global health significance.
Targeting Surgical Site Infection–Reducing Bundles Selectively to At-Risk Colon Cancer Surgery Populations
Authors: Daniel Albo
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Clinical Significance of Myeloblasts Percentage in the De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Erythroid Hyperplasia
Authors: Shaowei Qiu, Hui Wei, Dong Lin, Guangji Zhang, Shuning Wei, Chunlin Zhou, Kaiqi Liu, Ying Wang, Bingcheng Liu, Yuntao Liu, Benfa Gong, Xiaoyuan Gong, Sizhou Feng, Yingchang Mi, Mingzhe Han, Jianxiang Wang
Journal: Blood (2016)
Endothelial dysfunction and mechanobiology in pathological cutaneous scarring: lessons learned from soft tissue fibrosis
Authors: C. Huang, L. Liu, Z. You, Y. Zhao, J. Dong, Y. Du, R. Ogawa
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

Hypertrophic scars/keloids are pathogenic scars that are characterized by collagen and fibroblast accumulation. The endothelia in the lesions are mechanosensitive and participate actively in the pathogenesis of these scars. The present review summarizes how endothelium responds to mechanical stimuli such as shear, stretch and hydrostatic pressure. It also shows that in heart, liver, kidney and lung fibrosis, endothelial dysfunctions (EDs) associate with changes in vascular tone, endothelial permeability, coagulation and vasomodulation that result in inflammation, hypertension and coagulation. Pathological scars exhibit similar EDs during their development and progression. Mechanopharmaceutical or mechanotherapeutic interventions that rescue EDs may be useful scar treatments.
Association of Glycemic Variability in Type 1 Diabetes With Progression of Microvascular Outcomes in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial
Authors: John M. Lachin, Ionut Bebu, Richard M. Bergenstal, Rodica Pop-Busui, F. John Service, Bernard Zinman, David M. Nathan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

OBJECTIVE The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) demonstrated the beneficial effects of intensive versus conventional therapy on the development and progression of microvascular complications of type 1 diabetes. These beneficial effects were almost completely explained by the difference between groups in the levels of HbA1c, which in turn were associated with the risk of these complications. We assessed the association of glucose variability within and between quarterly 7-point glucose profiles with the development and progression of retinopathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy during the DCCT. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Measures of variability included the within-day and updated mean (over time) of the SD, mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), and M-value, and the longitudinal within-day, between-day, and total variances. Imputation methods filled in the 16.3% of expected glucose values that were missing. RESULTS Cox proportional hazards models assessed the association of each measure of glycemic variation, as a time-dependent covariate, with the risk of retinopathy and nephropathy, and a longitudinal logistic regression model did likewise for cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. Adjusted for mean blood glucose, no measure of within-day variability was associated with any outcome. Only the longitudinal mean M-value (over time) was significantly associated with microalbuminuria when adjusted for the longitudinal mean blood glucose and corrected for multiple tests using the Holm procedure. CONCLUSIONS Overall, within-day glycemic variability, as determined from quarterly glucose profiles, does not play an apparent role in the development of microvascular complications beyond the influence of the mean glucose.
Association of Patient Age With Outcomes of Current-Era, Large-Scale Screening Mammography
Authors: Cindy S. Lee, Debapriya Sengupta, Mythreyi Bhargavan-Chatfield, Edward A. Sickles, Elizabeth S. Burnside, Margarita L. Zuley
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

This study analyzes mammography screening data from the National Mammography Database to determine the age cutoff point for screening.
High definition clonal analysis of clinical vulnerabilities in carcinoma genomes
Authors: Michael Barrett, Jeffrey Kiefer, Holly Yin, Michael Demeure, Alex Robeson, Christian Ruiz, Kathleen Delgiorno, Jeffrey Trent, Daniel Von Hoff, Spyro Mousses
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

B39  It is hypothesized that cancer cells are dependent on selected genomic aberrations for their development and evolution during the natural history of the disease. However normal cell infiltration and clonal heterogeneity of cancer cells in clinical tumors can greatly interfere with efforts to detect and resolve DNA copy number alterations. Furthermore, in addition to masking critical genomic aberrations, the clonal mixtures of neoplastic cell populations present in patient samples make it prohibitively difficult to discern which genomic aberrations occur concurrently and comprehensively define the genomic contexts of patient samples. Here we show that flow sorting nuclei of neoplastic cells that represent distinct clonal populations and scanning the genomes of each clone with 60mer oligonucleotide 244k CGH arrays resolves the complexities of primary carcinoma samples. We identified distinct copy number aberrations in pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PA) and adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) clonal samples including homozygous deletions, focal amplifications targeting known (AKT2 19q13.2, c-MYC 8q24.21) and putative oncogenes (TSK1 9p13.3, RIOK3 18q11.2) in both tissues, and interstitial deletions that were previously obscured by the complexity of unsorted tumor samples. There were multiple examples of aberrations that were concurrent in the same clone revealing novel contexts in patient samples. For example a pancreatic adenocarcinoma sample had homozygous deletion in both SMAD2 (18q21.1) and SMAD3 (15q22.33) in the same 2.3N clone. Furthermore, intragenic transitions in copy numbers associated with known and novel gene-specific rearrangements were detected in multiple samples. Knowledge mining using a variety of informatic tools and databases reveals mechanistic and functional links between multiple concurrent genomic alterations in the patient specific clonal data. Genes and networks disrupted by these clonal aberrations are being evaluated by high throughput RNAi phenotype profiling experiments to determine which of the genes are essential for PA cell survival, and which might regulate response to Gemcitabine. The high definition analyses of clonal lineages in primary carcinoma samples may have significant implications for the application and development of patient specific treatments that target oncogenic vulnerabilities.
Early rituximab failure (ERF) in relapsed diffuse large b-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and prediction of futility of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT).
Authors: Mehdi Hamadani, Parameswaran Hari, Ying Zhang, Jeanette Carreras, David G. Maloney, Sonali M. Smith, Silvia Montoto, Wael Saber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

7048 Background: The poor prognosis of DLBCL pts relapsing within 1-yr of initial diagnosis after 1stline rituximab-based chemotherapies (Gisselbrecht. JCO 2010) has created controversy about the role of AHCT in this setting. Methods: Using the CIBMTR database, we compared AHCT outcomes of chemosensitive DLBCL pts who experienced early failure after rituximab-containing 1st line chemotherapies (i.e pts with primary refractory disease or 1st relapse within 1yr of diagnosis; ERF group) against those who relapsed more than 1yr after diagnosis (Late Rituximab Failure [LRF] cohort), between 2000-2011.Chemorefractory pts and transformed lymphomas were excluded. Primary outcomes were non relapse mortality (NRM), progression/relapse (P/R), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: ERF and LRF cohorts included 201 and 315 pts respectively (Table). On univariate analysis the 3yr NRM, P/R, PFS and OS of ERF vs. LRF cohorts was 12% vs. 7% (p=0.08), 49% vs. 40% (p=0.07), 39% vs. 52% (p=0.005) and 44% vs. 66% (p<0.001), respectively. On multivariate analysis (MVA) ERF was associated with higher NRM (relative risk (RR) 1.73, p=0.04). Within first 9 months post AHCT, ERF had worse R/P (RR 1.85, p<0.001), PFS (RR 2.02, p<0.001) and OS (RR 2.94, p<0.001), but no significant difference for R/P, PFS and OS existed between the two groups, beyond 9 months post AHCT in the MVA. Age ≥60yrs was associated with worse NRM (p=0.03), PFS (0.01) and OS (p=0.02) and KPS <90 with inferior NRM and OS. Conclusions: ERF does not predict futility of AHCT in DLBCL (with 3yr PFS 39% & OS 44%). AHCT remains standard-of-care in chemosensitive DLBCL regardless of the timing of disease relapse. ERF (%) LRF (%) P-value Median age (range) 60 (19-77) 60 (20-76) 0.41 KPS <90 73 (36) 76 (24) 0.01 Doxorubicin in 1st line 184 (92) 297 (95) 0.18 Stage 3-4 @ diagnosis 144 (72) 218 (69) 0.41 aaIPI Low/low-intermediate 175 272 0.007 High/high-intermediate 16 16 Bulky 15 (7) 24 (8) 0.13 Median lines of chemotherapies 3 (1-5) 2 (1-5) 0.01 +marrow involvement 35 (17) 53 (17) 0.71 Median follow up (mo) 49 (3-147) 48 (3-126)
Suppression of Th17 cell differentiation by misshapen/NIK-related kinase MINK1
Authors: Guotong Fu, Qin Xu, Yuanjun Qiu, Xuexiao Jin, Ting Xu, Shunli Dong, Jianli Wang, Yuehai Ke, Hu Hu, Xuetao Cao, Di Wang, Harvey Cantor, Xiang Gao, Linrong Lu
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2017)

T helper type 17 cells (Th17 cells) are major contributors to many autoimmune diseases. In this study, we demonstrate that the germinal center kinase family member MINK1 (misshapen/NIK-related kinase 1) negatively regulates Th17 cell differentiation. The suppressive effect of MINK1 on induction of Th17 cells is mediated by the inhibition of SMAD2 activation through direct phosphorylation of SMAD2 at the T324 residue. The importance of MINK1 to Th17 cell differentiation was strengthened in the animal model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Moreover, we show that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetyl cysteine boosts Th17 cell differentiation in a MINK1-dependent manner and exacerbates the severity of EAE. Thus, we have not only established MINK1 as a critical regulator of Th17 cell differentiation, but also clarified that accumulation of ROS may limit the generation of Th17 cells. The contribution of MINK1 to ROS-regulated Th17 cell differentiation may suggest an important mechanism for the development of autoimmune diseases influenced by antioxidant dietary supplements.
Annals Consult Guys - Like Pulling Teeth: Antiplatelet Therapy in the Dental Office
Authors: Geno J. Merli, Howard H. Weitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Web Exclusives18 April 2017Annals Consult Guys - Like Pulling Teeth: Antiplatelet Therapy in the Dental OfficeFREEGeno J. Merli, MD and Howard H. Weitz, MDGeno J. Merli, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Howard H. Weitz, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/W17-0004 SectionsSupplemental MaterialAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Annals Consult Guys brings a new perspective to the art and science of medicine with lively discussion and analysis of real-world cases and situations. They address medically relevant topics—whether they be poignant, thought-provoking, or just plain entertaining.For more videos from and information on Annals Consult Guys, visit go.annals.org/ConsultGuys. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Disclosures: Geno J. Merli, MD, reports the following: Research grants/contracts: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen, Portola; Consultancies: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen. Howard H. Weitz, MD, reports that he has no financial relationships or interests to disclose. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCorrection: Annals Consult Guys—Measuring Lipids: To Fast or Not to Fast 18 April 2017Volume 166, Issue 8Page: CG1KeywordsAntiplatelet therapyDisclosureResearch grantsResearch reporting guidelines ePublished: 18 April 2017 Issue Published: 18 April 2017 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2017 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Review: Adding anticholinergics to β<sub>2</sub>-agonists for asthma exacerbations reduces hospitalizations
Authors: Micelle Haydel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Source Citation Kirkland SW, Vandenberghe C, Voaklander B, et al. Combined inhaled beta-agonist and anticholinergic agents for emergency management in adults with asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;1:CD001284. 28076656
Interaction between endodontics and periodontics
Authors: Ilan Rotstein
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2017)

Abstract Endodontic–periodontal lesions present challenges to the clinician regarding diagnosis, treatment planning and prognosis. Etiologic factors, such as bacteria and viruses, as well as contributing factors, such as trauma, root resorptions, perforations, cracks and dental malformations, play an important role in the development and progression of such lesions. Treatment and prognosis of endodontic–periodontal lesions vary, depending on the etiology, pathogenesis and correct diagnosis of each specific condition. This chapter will appraise the interrelationship between endodontic and periodontal lesions and provide biological and clinical evidence for diagnosis, prognosis and decision‐making in the treatment of these conditions.
Genetic Influence of the Kidneys on Blood Pressure
Authors: LEWIS K. DAHL, MARTHA HEINE, KEITH THOMPSON
Journal: Circulation Research (1974)

In two strains of rats with opposite genetic propensities for hypertension, interstrain renal transplants chronically modified the blood pressure of the recipients. The blood pressure of rats with these renal homografts was largely determined by the genotype of the donor kidney rather than by the genotype of the recipient. Kidneys from the hypertension-resistant (R) rats generally had an antihypertensive effect, and kidneys from the hypertension-prone (S) rats had a prohypertensive effect. These effects on blood pressure were most clear-cut in rats maintained on a low-sodium diet, but they were still evident in a modified form in rats on a high-sodium diet. Results from this study and from earlier studies suggest that kidneys from S rats have a greater hypertensinogenic and a smaller antihypertensive capacity than do kidneys from R rats. Therefore the influence of the kidney on blood pressure appears to have genetic determinants. If this finding is applicable to man, it would help to explain the well-established but anomalous observation that one of two individuals who apparently have similar renal disorders can have hypertension when the other does not.