tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thrombocytosis is linked to increased cancer risk, study finds
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2017)

A cancer diagnosis should be considered in patients with blood test results showing thrombocytosis even if cancer was not initially suspected, researchers have suggested, after they found it to be a risk marker for cancer in adults.1

Researchers from Exeter, UK, used the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink and the English Cancer Registry to look for a link between the results of full blood counts taken in primary care and a diagnosis of cancer in the following …
Metalware-associated orthopaedic infections caused by Staphylococcus lugdunensis : An emerging pathogen
Authors: Ang Li, Nicholas Gow, Bridget L. Atkins, Adrian Taylor, Tim Peto, Martin A. McNally, Philippa C. Matthews
Journal: Journal of Infection (2017)

Bronchoalveolar lavage triacetylfusarinine C (TAFC
A case of palpitation and pre-syncope
Authors: Debjit Chatterjee
Journal: BMJ (2017)

A 66 year old woman presented to the emergency department with episodes of palpitations, dizziness, and near fainting for a few hours. She had had a left atrial myxoma removed 15 years ago and had suffered from palpitations as a result of atrial tachycardia from time to time since then for which she took modified release verapamil 240 mg once daily. More recently she had started on sotalol 120 mg twice daily in addition to verapamil for better control of her tachycardia, and one week ago had undergone direct current cardioversion for persistent atrial tachycardia, which reverted her to sinus rhythm. She was admitted to the coronary care unit. Her ECG on admission is shown (fig 1⇓). Subsequently an echocardiogram showed normal left ventricular systolic function and no recurrence of left atrial myxoma. Urea and electrolytes including magnesium were all within normal limits. Fig 1 Electrocardiogram on presentation
Diagnosis and management of deep vein thrombosis in pregnancy
Authors: Faizan Khan, Christian Vaillancourt, Ghada Bourjeily
Journal: BMJ (2017)

#### What you need to know

Venous thromboembolism includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism. In DVT a blood clot forms in the lower extremities that may break off and travel to the lungs causing a pulmonary embolism. DVT is more common than pulmonary embolism during pregnancy1 and will constitute the focus of this clinical update. However, the prevalence, risk factors, and therapeutic options for DVT and venous thromboembolism in pregnancy are closely linked, and thus information regarding venous thromboembolism in pregnancy has also been covered where appropriate or when data regarding DVT are unavailable. Among pregnant women, pulmonary embolism is the most serious complication of DVT and remains one of the leading causes of maternal death in the developed world.2 Pregnancy related DVT is associated with a higher risk of embolic complications and of the post-thrombotic syndrome (chronic leg pain, intractable oedema, leg ulcers) than DVT in non-pregnant women.13 This article provides an update on the diagnosis and management of pregnant women with DVT.

The risk of venous thromboembolism in pregnancy is about four times the risk among non-pregnant women of childbearing age4; it is highest in the third trimester …
The complex genetics of hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Authors: Xiaoqin Liu, Hisato Yagi, Shazina Saeed, Abha S Bais, George C Gabriel, Zhaohan Chen, Kevin A Peterson, You Li, Molly C Schwartz, William T Reynolds, Manush Saydmohammed, Brian Gibbs, Yijen Wu, William Devine, Bishwanath Chatterjee, Nikolai T Klena, Dennis Kostka, Karen L de Mesy Bentley, Madhavi K Ganapathiraju, Phillip Dexheimer, Linda Leatherbury, Omar Khalifa, Anchit Bhagat, Maliha Zahid, William Pu, Simon Watkins, Paul Grossfeld, Stephen A Murray, George A Porter, Michael Tsang, Lisa J Martin, D Woodrow Benson, Bruce J Aronow, Cecilia W Lo
Journal: Nature Genetics (2017)
Abstract 13341: Homoarginine Supplementation Improves Cardiac Function in a Murine Model of Ischaemic Heart Failure
Authors: Dorothee Atzler, Debra J McAndrew, Mark Crabtree, Ashley Hale, Jade Bailey, Kathrin Cordts, Jürgen E Schneider, Sevasti Zervou, Edzard Schwedhelm, Stefan Neubauer, Craig A Lygate
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Homoarginine (HA) is an emerging biomarker with low levels associated with increased risk of stroke, myocardial infarction and heart failure (HF) in epidemiological studies. Recently, we identified HA as an independent predictor of mortality in patients with HF. We therefore hypothesized that HA supplementation might be beneficial in a murine model of chronic heart failure. Methods: C57BL/6J mice were treated with 14 mg/L HA in drinking water for 4 weeks prior to coronary artery occlusion to induce infarction. Infarct size and HF severity were assessed 6 weeks later by cine-MRI and LV haemodynamics under isoflurane anaesthesia. HA and biopterins were measured using LC-MS/MS and HPLC. Protein S-nitrosylation (SNO) was quantified using biotin switch assay. Results: We first established that HA supplementation significantly increased both plasma and myocardial HA levels in normal C57BL/6J mice (mean±SEM 0.29±0.03 vs. 0.89±0.07 μmol/L and 8.8±1.4 vs. 24.4±3.4 nmol/g protein; n=5-10; P&lt;0.01), without affecting mean arterial pressure (76±1 vs. 73±2 mmHg; n=5-6; P=0.23). Infarct sizes were retrospectively matched between control and HA groups (mean 39±2%) and both developed profound LV remodelling (i.e. hypertrophy and dilatation), but to a similar extent. HA-treated mice had improved LV systolic pressure (83.4±1.3 vs. 87.6±1.3 mmHg), contractility (dP/dtmax 4636±238 vs. 5515±270 mmHg/s), relaxation (dP/dtmin -3183±225 vs. -4029±302 mmHg/s) and β-adrenergic responsiveness (+928±184 vs. +1906±327 mmHg/s; n=21-23; all P&lt;0.05). HA-treated hearts showed an increase in tetrahydrobiopterin levels (1.24±0.34 vs. 3.15±0.41 pmol/mg protein; n=4-6, P&lt;0.01) and elevated global SNO (0.98±0.04 vs. 1.76±0.25; n=7/7; P&lt;0.05), but with no change in nitric oxide synthase protein or activity. Conclusions: HA supplementation improves LV haemodynamic function and contractile reserve in mice with chronic HF, potentially via altered redox regulation or SNO status. Our data suggest HA is more than a simple biomarker, since higher levels directly influence HF pathophysiology. Further studies aimed at clinical translation are merited.
Spinal control is related to concussion in professional footballers
Authors: Felix Leung, Julie A Hides, Melinda M Franettovich Smith, Dilani M Mendis, Nigel A Smith, Andrew J Cooper, Julia Treleaven, Nancy Low Choy
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To examine whether physical measurements of the sensorimotor system predict concussion incurred by footballers. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Australian professional sport setting. Participants Fifty-three rugby union and rugby league players. Assessment of risk factors Physical measurements including balance (sway across six test conditions), vestibular function (assessments of oculo-motor and vestibular ocular reflex) and spinal control (cervical joint position error and trunk muscle size and contraction ability) were performed during the preseason. Outcome measures Concussion injuries during the season were diagnosed and recorded by club medical staff. Results Age, height, weight, and years playing football were not associated with concussion in the season (p=0.43, 0.43, 0.19, 0.25). Preseason cross-sectional area of the multifidus muscle at the L5 vertebral level was 10% smaller in players who went on to sustain a season concussion compared to those who did not: mean difference (95% confidence interval) 1.0 cm 2 (0.1 cm 2 to 1.9 cm 2 ), p=0.031. This difference in size was moderate (effect size 0.7) and exceeds the minimal detectable change of 0.4 cm 2 . There were no significant differences observed for the other measures, p&gt;0.05. Conclusions Optimal spinal control is likely to be a key requirement in a physically demanding sport such as football. The multifidus is one of the muscles crucial for spinal control, and our findings report this measure to be predictive of footballers sustaining a concussion. This novel finding provides preliminary evidence that warrants further investigation as to the possible importance of spinal control in prevention programs Competing interests None.
Effect of repeated testing on equine helmet impact attenuation
Authors: Carl G Mattacola, Jeff Johnston, Dong (Dan) Y Han, Amanda Glueck, John Abt, Nick Heebner
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To test equestrian helmets commonly used in the United States and determine the impact absorbing ability after multiple (4) impacts to the crown. Setting Laboratory. Patients or other participants Seven helmets were tested. Interventions A Cadex helmet drop tower was used to perform the testing. Impact velocities were measured using a calibrated Velocimeter (Time Gate) fixed to the drop tower. Impact acceleration measurements were obtained using a PCB Piezotronics accelerometer with Cadex Impact Setup software V 6.8. Main outcome measures Impact attenuation testing was performed on the helmets in accordance with ASTM F1163, dated 2013. No individual acceleration was to exceed 300 G (gravitational constant). The helmets were impacted four times on the crown location and were x-rayed before testing and after Impact No. 1 and 4. Results One helmet (a caliente style helmet) failed after one impact (&gt; 923 G). Only one helmet passed (&lt; 300 Peak G) after four consecutive impacts. Acceleration peaks of 5 helmets passed after 2 impacts but were &gt;300 peak G for impacts 4 and 5. While 6 of the helmets met ASTM standards following 2 impacts, average increases in peak G were 15.9%–43.2% between the first and second impact. Conclusions Based on the results of this research, equine helmets should be replaced after an initial contact and most are incapable of meeting ASTM standards after two impacts. Caliente style helmets failed established guidelines after one impact and are not effective for reducing peak acceleration when compared to established standards. Competing interests None.
Multiparametric plasma EV profiling facilitates diagnosis of pancreatic malignancy
Authors: Katherine S. Yang, Hyungsoon Im, Seonki Hong, Ilaria Pergolini, Andres Fernandez del Castillo, Rui Wang, Susan Clardy, Chen-Han Huang, Craig Pille, Soldano Ferrone, Robert Yang, Cesar M. Castro, Hakho Lee, Carlos Fernandez del Castillo, Ralph Weissleder
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2017)

A multiplexed plasmonic assay analyzes circulating tumor-derived extracellular vesicles for detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Gray-Violet Plaque in an Immunocompromised Girl
Authors: Kaiane Habeshian, Rana Hamdy, Scott A. Norton
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Lung Adenocarcinoma Manifesting as Pure Ground-Glass Nodules: Correlating CT Size, Volume, Density, and Roundness with Histopathologic Invasion and Size
Authors: Benedikt H. Heidinger, Kevin R. Anderson, Ursula Nemec, Daniel B. Costa, Sidhu P. Gangadharan, Paul A. VanderLaan, Alexander A. Bankier
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
HGG-13. FIRST REPORT OF TUMOR TREATING FIELDS USE IN COMBINATION WITH BEVACIZUMAB IN A PEDIATRIC PATIENT
Authors: Daniel O’Connell, Violet Shen, William Loudon, Daniela Bota
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

We report the first case of a pediatric patient with glioblastoma (GBM; WHO grade IV astrocytoma) successfully treated with tumor treating fields (TTF). The patient was diagnosed with GBM when 13 years of age and progressed through surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Discrete tumor growth visualized on MRI with stable neurological examination was monitored for 6 months with subsequent stable disease observed radiographically and clinically for 7 months while adherent to Optune® (TTF). TTF thereby played a role in forestalling recurrent GBM growth in this young woman for 7 months without significant adverse effects. We propose that TTF therapy is a potential valuable treatment in this small, but sick, patient population.
IMMU-03. COMBINATION OF RADIOTHERAPY WITH A 4-1BB AGONIST ANTIBODY AND A TIM-3 APTAMER RESULTS IN ENHANCED SURVIVAL IN A DIPG MODEL
Authors: Naiara Martinez-Velez, Miguel Marigil, Javier Aristu, Pablo Dominguez, Rosana Pardo, Fernando Pastor, Ricardo Diez-Valle, Sonia Tejada, Marta M Alonso
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are aggressive pediatric tumors Despite advances in targeted treatments radiotherapy remains as the standard treatment being just palliative. The lack of effective therapies represents a critical unmet need for many pediatric solid tumors. Cancer immunotherapy is an ideal alternative choice since the immune response is highly specific; it would persist along time creating memory and will get rid of infiltrative cells even if they are far away. 4-1BB is a major costimulatory receptor promoting the survival and expansion of activated T cells. Aptamers are high-affinity single-stranded nucleic acid ligands that exhibit remarkable affinity and specificity to their targets, comparable or exceeding that of antibodies. TIM-3 is a negative regulator of lymphocyte function that is involved in T-cell exhaustion. In this work we examined the anti-tumor effect of radiotherapy in combination with an agonist 4-1BB antibody and an aptamer against TIM-3. Of importance neither of the treatments resulted in fatal toxicities. Moreover, combination treatment of 4-1BB with radiotherapy resulted in a significant improvement in survival in mice bearing DIPG orthotopic tumors when compared with single treatment. In addition, this combination led to long-term survivors (90 days). Currently we are performing rechallenge experiments in these animals. Further combination of radiotherapy, with the 4-1BB antibody and the TIM-3 aptamer, that released the immune suppression, is currently under study. At this point the combination between the three approaches showed lack of toxicity. Survival studies are on-going. Mechanistic studies performed on day 16 showed an increase in CD8 effector cells, a decrease in T-regulators Foxp3+ cells and an increase in INF-gamma expression suggesting the triggering of an antitumor-immune response. These results suggest that immuno-therapies approaches in combination with radiotherapy would be worth to explore in the treatment of deadly DIPGs.
Biomarker panel (TheraPrint) analyzed as a predictor of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer.
Authors: Peter D. Beitsch, Lisette Stork, Femke De Snoo, Justine Peeters, Pat W. Whitworth
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

1026 Background: TheraPrint for breast cancer patients is a novel genomic assay that provides information on clinically relevant markers for likely sensitivity and resistance to therapies. The aim of the current study was to correlate chemosensitivity in a neo-adjuvant trial to TheraPrint results. Methods: The mRNA level of 55 genes was measured in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumor samples submitted from 42 institutes in the US as part of the NBRST trial and compared to a large reference population (TheraPrint). The prospective Neo-adjuvant Breast Registry Symphony Trial (NBRST) study includes informed consenting women aged 18–90 with histologically proven breast cancer, who are scheduled to start neo-adjuvant chemo- or endocrine therapy. The correlation of chemosensitivity to TheraPrint results is measured by pathologic Complete Response (pCR) defined as the absence of invasive carcinoma in both the breast and axilla at microscopic examination of the resected specimen, regardless of the presence of carcinoma in-situ. Differentially expressed genes were identified by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with corrected p-value (FDR) <0.05. Results: 204 Patients (T1-4 N0-3) received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and had definitive surgery. The overall pCR rate was 24%. Listed in the table are those genes that were significantly differentially expressed between patients with a pCR versus those with residual disease (p>0.05, Fold change >1.5). Conclusions: This study has identified 13 genes with statistically significant correlation between expression and response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy indicating that TheraPrint can give indication for response prediction to chemotherapy. Clinical trial information: NCT014799101. TheraPrint gene Corrected p-value Fold change Up or downregulated in patients with pCR Ki67 0.01473 1.2 ↑ LYN 0.01803 1.2 ↑ EPHA2 0.05190 1.3 ↑ MET 0.05190 1.3 ↑ ESR1 <0.00000 -3.3 ↓ ESR2 0.00077 -1.6 ↓ PgR 0.00002 -2.4 ↓ CCND1 0.00077 -1.6 ↓ IGF1R 0.00387 -1.7 ↓ HER3 0.01473 -1.6 ↓ HER4 0.00412 -1.7 ↓ BCL2 0.01797 -1.6 ↓ AR 0.01803 -1.5 ↓ This list of genes is significantly associated with PTEN activation, ER inhibition and estrogen-related signaling pathways (Ingenuity Pathway Analysis).
BSTM-02. INFANTILE TECTAL GLIOMAS: LOW-GRADE UNTIL PROVEN OTHERWISE
Authors: Kellie Haworth, Daniel R. Boue, Rebecca Folkerth, Keith L. Ligon, Tanya Tekautz, Jonathan L. Finlay
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

BACKGROUND: We report two cases of infantile tectal gliomas initially concerning on biopsy for high-grade features, but which are proving over time to have indolent clinical courses. Case I. A three-months-old female presented with hydrocephalus and a small tectal mass; she underwent an endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). The first follow-up MRI performed 5 months later showed relief of hydrocephalus but marked increase (three- to four-fold) in mass size, likely due to decompression post-alleviation of hydrocephalus. A biopsy yielded a tiny fragment of diffuse low-grade glioma, low Ki-67; IHC for H3.3 K27M was initially reported as mutant, but on more recent review as indeterminate, in view of the tiny tumor fragment and high background staining. Therapeutic recommendations included proton-beam irradiation, marrow-ablative chemotherapy, conventional-dose chemotherapy - and observation only. The parents elected careful follow-up. Now 16 months following biopsy, the child is developing well and the MRI is stable, with advanced imaging characteristics of a low-grade glial lesion. Case 2. A male was diagnosed in utero with hydrocephalus, a post-natal MRI confirming this and revealing a small tectal mass. An ETV and biopsy were performed, yielding a tiny tumor fragment; pathology was consistent with a diffuse glial tumor, with rare mitoses; IDH1 and ATRX intact, P53 negative, GFAP positive and Ki67 20–30%. The tumor was deemed a high-grade glioma. Insufficient tissue for sequencing was available. The infant has been followed with close follow-up MRI scans with advanced imaging, which remain consistent with a low-grade glioma, and continues stable at 3 months since birth; a repeat biopsy is planned concomitant with shunt revision. CONCLUSION: Infants with tectal gliomas are rare, and anecdotally never undergo progression to high-grade. In the absence of definitive sequencing data, extreme caution should be exercised in offering treatment recommendations.
Dose-dense BEP (ddBEP) regimen as induction chemotherapy (CT) in intermediate and poor prognosis patients (pts) with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT): Safety results of phase II trial.
Authors: Alexey Tryakin, Mikhail Fedyanin, Urii Sergeev, Anatoly Bulanov, Bahrom Ahmedov, Tatiana Zakharova, Andrey Mitin, Igor Fainstein, August Garin, Sergei Tjulandin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e15540 Background: BEP chemotherapy over three week cycles has been a standard CT regimen for advanced NSGCT for last two decades. We performed a phase II study to assess efficacy and toxicity of every-two-week ddBEP regimen in the first line treatment of NSGCT. Here we report safety results. Methods: CT-naïve NSGCT pts with intermediate or poor prognosis (IGCCCG) received ddBEP as follows: cisplatin 20 mg/m2 days 1-5, etoposide 100 mg/m2 days 1-5, bleomycin 30 IU days 1,3,5 with G-CSF support 300 µg days 6-10. Four cycles of ddBEP were administered every 2 weeks. Frail pts with massive tumor burden were allowed to receive 1st cycle of ddBEP with dose reduction. Progression free rate at 1 year after completion of CT was the primary endpoint. The hypothesis being tested was Ho: p0 = pexp (p0=0.60). Assuming pexp=0.85 with a two-sided type I error of 0.05, a type II error of 0.2, a sample of 61 pts was required. Results: 61 pts were treated from 2010 to 2013. 36 (59%) and 25 (41%) of pts had intermediate and poor prognosis according IGCCCG, respectively. All pts were assessed for toxicity, which included (grade 3/4, per patient) neutropenia 72%, febrile neutropenia 26%, thrombocytopenia 18%, non-neutropenic infection 3%, anemia 31%. There were no toxicity-related deaths. Dose reduction of cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin were performed in 16 (6.4%), 22 (8.9%) and 19 (7.7%) of 247 cycles, respectively. Median number of cycles was 4 (3-5). Two pts could not receive 4th cycle due to toxicity. Median treatment duration (from the first to the last doses of CT) was 7.4 (6.7-10.4) weeks. Totally 44 (72%) pts were able to start 4th cycle of ddBEP by day 50 (<1 week of delay). Conclusions: Every-two-week BEP regimen has manageable toxicity and can be safely administered to NSGCT pts with intermediate and poor prognosis. Efficacy results are forthcoming.
Radiological screening of refugees in Germany
Authors: Christian Herzmann, Manja Golakov, Freschta Malekzada, Knut Lonnroth, Katharina Kranzer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

In 2015, Germany registered 1 091 894 refugees. On arrival, refugees admitted to reception centres underwent statutory chest radiograph (CXR) screening for tuberculosis (TB), regardless of the country of origin. Notified TB cases increased by 29.4% from 4533 in 2014 to 5865 in 2015 [1]. We evaluated the yield of active TB screening using statutory CXR and the spectrum of TB disease diagnosed through mass screening. Radiological mass screening of migrants arriving in Germany from low-incidence countries may not be efficient <http://ow.ly/IFXJ309U5rA> We are grateful for their support and contributions to Udo Iseke and Janet Prior (both Duderstadt), Friederike Ley (Wiesbaden), Ulrich Wagner (Karlsruhe), Andreas Hinrichs, André Kröncke and Levke Sonntag (all Boostedt), Brigitte Buhr-Riehm and Iris Taddeo-Weiß (both Braunschweig), Doris Hellwig, Doris Thieme-Thörel, Eckart Mayr and Sabine Reinecke (Göttingen), and Thomas Wibmer and Reinhard Hoffmann (both Augsburg).