tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0718-HPR Are there symptoms distinguishing fibromyalgia from chronic pain that are missing from the 2016 criteria?
Authors: A.W. St John, K.D. Jones, R. Friend, R.M. Bennett
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Fibromyalgia (FM) patients have a wide range of symptoms. <h3>Objectives</h3> Herein we analysed 20 common symptoms to determine those that best discriminate between FM patients and chronic pain patients without FM (Chronic Pain). <h3>Methods</h3> 352 patients (mean age 50+/16.3 years, 70% female) scheduled for a routine examination in two primary care practices were studied. 50 patients (14.2%) had FM (based on 1990 ACR) and 108 patients (30.7%) had Chronic Pain. All subjects completed a survey of 20 symptoms commonly found in FM patients – 10 were from the Symptom Impact Questionnaire (SIQR). <h3>Results</h3> Table 1 presents the 20 symptoms ranked by magnitude of Somers' D. This is a statistic that provides an estimate of predicting a diagnosis of fibromyalgia versus no fibromyalgia (OR: 1.87–8.00; p&lt;0.001). The top 10 symptoms showed strong correlations with diagnosis (D=0.49 to 0.64) and large mean differences between the 2 groups (Means: 2.8–4.3). Notably, there was a 4.3 score difference in Persistent Deep Ache and only a 1.4 difference in SIQR Pain (p&lt;0.001). Using a 4-point criterion as a clinical cut-off (0–10), symptoms best discriminating patients with FM from Chronic Pain were: Persistent Deep Aching (86% vs. 36%), Environmental Sensitivity (82% vs. 38%), Poor Balance (82% vs. 35%), Tenderness to Touch (84% vs. 39%) and Pain after exercise (96% vs. 54%). The symptoms of Pain, Unrefreshing Sleep, Muscle Stiffness and Low Energy were high in both groups, thus they are not good discriminators. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this sample from 2 primary care practices, Persistent Deep Aching, Tenderness to Touch, Environmental Sensitivity, Poor Balance and Pain after Exercise were the best discriminators between FM patients and patients with Chronic Pain. Notably: Depression, Headaches, Poor Memory and Irritable Bowel symptoms were weak discriminators; in fact, none of the top 10 discriminators appear in the 2016 Fibromyalgia Diagnostic Criteria. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
miR-125a-5p ameliorates hepatic glycolipid metabolism disorder in type 2 diabetes mellitus through targeting of STAT3
Authors: Lina Xu, Yue Li, Lianhong Yin, Yan Qi, Huijun Sun, Pengyuan Sun, Ming Xu, Zeyao Tang, Jinyong Peng
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Glycolipid metabolic disorder is an important cause for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Clarification of the molecular mechanism of metabolic disorder and exploration of drug targets are crucial for the treatment of T2DM. Methods: We examined miR-125a-5p levels in palmitic acid-induced AML12 cells and the livers of type 2 diabetic rats and mice, and then validated its target gene. Through gain- and loss-of-function studies, the effects of miR-125a-5p via targeting of STAT3 on regulating glycolipid metabolism were further illustrated in vitro and in vivo. Results: We found that miR-125a-5p was significantly decreased in the livers of diabetic mice and rats, and STAT3 was identified as the target gene of miR-125a-5p. Overexpression of miR-125a-5p in C57BL/6 mice decreased STAT3 level and downregulated the expression levels of p-STAT3 and SOCS3. Consequently, SREBP-1c-mediated lipogenesis pathway was inhibited, and PI3K/AKT pathway was activated. Moreover, silencing of miR-125a-5p significantly increased the expression levels of STAT3, p-STAT3 and SOCS3, thus activating SREBP-1c pathway and suppressing PI3K/AKT pathway. Therefore, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and decreased liver glycogen appeared in C57BL/6 mice. In palmitic acid-induced AML12 cells, miR-125a-5p mimic markedly increased glucose consumption and uptake and decreased the accumulation of lipid droplets by regulating STAT3 signaling pathway. Consistently, miR-125a-5p overexpression obviously inhibited STAT3 expression in diabetic KK-Ay mice, thereby decreasing blood glucose and lipid levels, increasing hepatic glycogen content, and decreasing accumulation of hepatic lipid droplets in diabetic mice. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-125a-5p in KK-Ay mice aggravated glycolipid metabolism dysfunction through regulating STAT3. Conclusions: Our results confirmed that miR-125a-5p should be considered as a regulator of glycolipid metabolism in T2DM, which can inhibit hepatic lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis and elevate glycogen synthesis by targeting STAT3.
New NIH-DoD Limb Loss Registry
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acquired HER2 mutations in ER+ metastatic breast cancer confer resistance to estrogen receptor–directed therapies
Authors: Utthara Nayar, Ofir Cohen, Christian Kapstad, Michael S. Cuoco, Adrienne G. Waks, Seth A. Wander, Corrie Painter, Samuel Freeman, Nicole S. Persky, Lori Marini, Karla Helvie, Nelly Oliver, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Cynthia X. Ma, Aviv Regev, Eric P. Winer, Nancy U. Lin, Nikhil Wagle
Journal: Nature Genetics (2018)
Risk of health-related quality-of-life events and pulmonary toxicities in patients with cancer treated with poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase inhibitors: A meta-analysis of seven phase III trials.
Authors: Sriman Swarup, Anita Sultan, Myo Zaw, Rachana Yendala, Myat M. Han, Yin Mon Myat, Nyein Htwe Yu, Kalpana Panigrahi, Kyaw Zin Thein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

213 Background: Poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase (PARP) enzymes aide in the repair of DNA damage. PARP inhibitors showed synthetic lethality in cancer cells and were utilized in many solid tumors with notable toxicities. Fatigue and pain are the major determinants of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) to determine the risk of HRQOL events and pulmonary toxicities. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE databases and meeting abstracts from inception through June 2018 were queried. Phase III RCTs that mention HRQOL events and pulmonary toxicities as adverse effects were included. Mantel-Haenszel (MH) method was used to calculate the estimated pooled risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Random effects model was applied. Results: 3188 patients from 7 phase III RCTs with breast, ovarian, and gastric cancer were eligible. Studies compared olaparib or niraparib or rucaparib versus placebo, olaparib vs single agent chemotherapy, iniparib + gemcitabine / carboplatin (GC) versus GC, veliparib + C versus C and olaparib + paclitaxel versus paclitaxel. The RR of all-grade side effects were as follows: fatigue, 1.26 (95% CI: 1.07 – 1.49, P = 0.006); decreased appetite, 1.42 (95% CI: 1.18 – 1.71, P &lt; 0.001); arthralgia, 1.05 (95% CI: 0.83 – 1.34, P = 0.65); headache, 1.35 (95% CI: 0.99 – 1.84, P = 0.05); cough, 1.75 (95% CI: 1.17 – 2.62, P = 0.006); dyspnea, 1.40 (95% CI: 0.90 – 2.18, P = 0.12); and upper respiratory infections, 1.70 (95% CI: 0.97 – 3.00, P = 0.06). The RR of high-grade side effects were as follows: fatigue, 1.94 (95% CI: 1.24 – 3.04, P = 0.004); arthralgia, 1.37 (95% CI: 0.29 – 6.51, P = 0.68); headache, 1.09 (95% CI: 0.47 – 2.55, P = 0.83); and dyspnea, 1.02 (95% CI: 0.44 – 2.36, P = 0.95). Conclusions: The risk of developing all grades of fatigue as well as any-grade cough and decreased appetite was high in PARP inhibitors group, compared to control arm. Recognizing these toxicities and providing good supportive care is vital in enhancing patients’ quality of life.
A comprehensive review of biodegradable synthetic polymer-ceramic composites and their manufacture for biomedical applications
Authors: Mona Alizadeh-Osgouei, Yuncang Li, Cuie Wen
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2018)

The application of various materials in biomedical procedures has recently experienced rapid growth. One area that is currently receiving significant attention from the scientific community is the treatment of a number of different types of bone-related diseases and disorders by using biodegradable polymer-ceramic composites. Biomaterials, the most common materials used to repair or replace damaged parts of the human body, can be categorized into three major groups: metals, ceramics, and polymers. Composites can be manufactured by combining two or more materials to achieve enhanced biocompatibility and biomechanical properties for specific applications. Biomaterials must display suitable properties for their applications, about strength, durability, and biological influence. Metals and their alloys such as titanium, stainless steel, and cobalt-based alloys have been widely investigated for implant-device applications because of their excellent mechanical properties. However, these materials may also manifest biological issues such as toxicity, poor tissue adhesion and stress shielding effect due to their high elastic modulus. To mitigate these issues, hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings have been used on metals because their chemical composition is similar to that of bone and teeth. Recently, a wide range of synthetic polymers such as poly (l-lactic acid) and poly (l-lactide-co-glycolide) have been studied for different biomedical applications, owing to their promising biocompatibility and biodegradability. This article gives an overview of synthetic polymer-ceramic composites with a particular emphasis on calcium phosphate group and their potential applications in tissue engineering. It is hoped that synthetic polymer-ceramic composites such as PLLA/HA and PCL/HA will provide advantages such as eliminating the stress shielding effect and the consequent need for revision surgery.
Abstract 040: The Effects of Coffee Consumption on Insulin Sensitivity and Other Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Derrick Johnston Alperet, Salome Antonette Rebello, Eric Yin-Hao Khoo, Zoey Tay, Sharna Si-Ying Seah, Bee-Choo Tai, E-Shyong Tai, Shahram Emady-Azar, Chieh Jason Chou, Christian Darimont, Rob M. van Dam
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: In observational studies, coffee consumption has been consistently associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Trials examining the effect of coffee consumption on glucose metabolism have been limited by the use of surrogate insulin sensitivity indices, small sample sizes, lack of blinding, and short follow-up duration. We aimed to overcome these limitations in a randomized placebo-controlled trial examining the effects of coffee consumption on insulin sensitivity. Methodology: We conducted a 24-week randomized placebo-controlled trial in 126 overweight, insulin-resistant (HOMA-IR ≥ 1.30), Chinese, Malay and Asian-Indian males and females aged 35-69 years. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 4 cups of instant regular coffee (n=62) or 4 cups of a coffee-like placebo beverage (n=64) per day. The primary outcome was bodyweight-standardized M-value (M bw ) assessed with a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Secondary outcomes included other clamp-based insulin sensitivity measures, biological mediators of insulin sensitivity, and measures of fasting glucose metabolism, body weight and composition. Results: Coffee consumption did not significantly change insulin sensitivity as compared with placebo [% mean difference in M bw : 0.3% (95% CI: -12.0% to 14.2%), P =0.97]. Furthermore, no significant differences in fasting plasma glucose [3.0% (-1.1% to 7.3%), P =0.16] or biological mediators of insulin resistance, such as plasma adiponectin [1.5% (-3.4% to 6.6%), P =0.55], were observed between coffee and placebo groups after 24 weeks of intervention. Coffee consumption led to a loss of body weight as compared with placebo [-1.2% (-2.3% to -0.1%), P =0.03] resulting from a decrease in fat mass [-3.7% (-7.1% to -0.2%), P =0.04] . Conclusions: Consuming 4 cups per day of caffeinated coffee for 24 weeks had no significant effect on insulin sensitivity or biological mediators of insulin resistance. Coffee consumption led to a modest decrease in body fat as compared with coffee abstinence. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01738399. Registered on 28 November 2012. Trial Sponsor: Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland. Trial Site: National University of Singapore.
Anti–CTLA-4 Immunotherapy Does Not Deplete FOXP3+ Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) in Human Cancers—Letter
Authors: Roberto Ferrara, Sandrine Susini, Aurelien Marabelle
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

We read with great interest the work from Sharma and colleagues concluding that anti–CTLA-4 (αCTLA-4) therapy does not deplete intratumoral FOXP3+ Tregs in bladder, prostate, and melanoma human cancers ([1][1]). We believe this conclusion is supported by the data presented by the authors but
Vaccines: An achievement of civilization, a human right, our health insurance for the future
Authors: Rino Rappuoli, Angela Santoni, Alberto Mantovani
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2018)

Vaccines have made a key, cost-effective contribution to the prolongation of life expectancy and quality. Here we summarize challenges facing vaccinology and immunology at the level of society, scientific innovation, and technology in a global health perspective. We argue that vaccines represent a safety belt and life insurance for humankind.
Pre- and post-comprehensive geriatric assessment in older patients with hematological malignancy before allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Authors: Daniel Ernest Haggstrom, Marielys Figueroa-Sierra, Thomas Gregory Knight, Raghava Induru, Kim DeRhodes, Joanna Edeker, Markecia Cooper, Anthony Caprio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

212 Background: Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is a multi-dimensional evaluation which influences medical decisions and predicts toxicity in older cancer patients. CGA pre-allogeneic stem cell transplant patients (ASCT) and repeated post-transplant provides information about treatment and helps to determine which parameters may predict ASCT outcomes. Methods: This was a prospective observational study evaluating 17 older patients with hematologic malignancy with CGA between December 9, 2016 and April 3, 2018 within the Levine Cancer Institute Senior Oncology Clinic. Included were validated measures across domains of cognition, disability, frailty, function and psychologic status. Repeat CGA was performed on surviving patients at least 99 days after ASCT (avg 122 days). Results: Median age was 66 (range 60-75) and the most common diagnosis was AML. There was no notable difference in pre and post-CGA physical and neurocognitive parameters for ASCT survivors (n=8). Within the deceased group (n=9) there was a longer TUG, lower patient-reported KPS, poorer psychological status, grip strength, and social support. Conclusions: There was no notable difference in the physical and neurocognitive CGA parameters before and after ASCT. Although the sample is small, there were notable trends toward lower patient-rated KPS compared to physician-rated KPS, poorer ADL function, slower TUG, and weaker grip strength in those patients who did not survive. CGA may identify older patients with hematologic malignancy who are at risk for worse outcomes post-ASCT.[Table: see text]
Hybrid 11C-MET PET/MRI Combined With “Machine Learning” in Glioma Diagnosis According to the Revised Glioma WHO Classification 2016
Authors: Sied Kebir, Manuel Weber, Lazaros Lazaridis, Cornelius Deuschl, Teresa Schmidt, Christoph Mönninghoff, Kathy Keyvani, Lale Umutlu, Daniela Pierscianek, Michael Forsting, Ulrich Sure, Martin Stuschke, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Björn Scheffler, Patrick M. Colletti, Domenico Rubello, Christoph Rischpler, Martin Glas
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

With the advent of the revised WHO classification from 2016, molecular features, including isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation have become important in glioma subtyping. This pilot trial analyzed the potential for C-methionine (MET) PET/MRI in classifying glioma according to the revised WHO classification using a machine learning model.Patients with newly diagnosed WHO grade II-IV glioma underwent preoperative MET-PET/MRI imaging. Patients were retrospectively divided into four groups: IDH wild-type glioblastoma (GBM), IDH wild-type grade II/III glioma (GII/III-IDHwt), IDH mutant grade II/III glioma with codeletion of 1p19q (GII/III-IDHmut1p19qcod) or without 1p19q-codeletion (GII/III-IDHmut1p19qnc). Within each group, the maximum tumor-to-brain-ratio (TBRmax) of MET-uptake was calculated. To gain generalizable implications from our data, we made use of a machine learning algorithm based on a development and validation subcohort. A support vector machine model was fit to the development subcohort and evaluated on the validation subcohort. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis served as metric to assess model performance.Of a total of 259 patients, 39 patients met the inclusion criteria. TBRmax was highest in the GBM cohort (TBRmax 3.83 ± 1.30) and significantly higher (P = 0.004) compared to GII/III-IDHmut1p19qnc group, where TBRmax was lowest (TBRmax 2.05 ± 0.94). ROC analysis showed poor AUC for glioma subtyping (AUC 0.62) and high AUC of 0.79 for predicting IDH status. In the GII/III-IDHmut1p19qcod group, TBR values were slightly higher than in the IDHmut1p19qnc group.MET-PET/MRI imaging in pre-operatively classifying glioma entities appears useful for the assessment of IDH status. However, a larger trial is needed prior to translation into the clinical routine.
Hemoglobin adduct based molecular dosimetry of 1,3-butadiene
Authors: Tiina Anttinen-Klemetti, Pertti Koivisto, Jarkko Tornaeus, Antti Hesso, Rhoderick Elder, Kimmo Peltonen
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

1195  1,3-Butadiene (BD) is an important contaminant in the environment. BD is present for example in car exhausts and cigarette smoke. It is widely used in the plastic industry. Some epidemiological studies have indicated that BD may pose a cancer risk to workers exposed to it. It is a carcinogenic compound in animal tests with a significant species difference in sensitivity to get malignant tumors. BD is metabolized to electrophilic epoxides which may react with nucleophilic sites in cellular macromolecules. The formed adducts can be used to estimate the molecular dose of the reactive metabolites. We have been working with the method which allow us to measure the adducts formed from the three epoxymetabolites, butadienemonoepoxide (BMO), butadienediolepoxide (THB) and butadienediepoxide (DEB). The method is based on the analysis of tryptic peptide fragments of the globin protein in red blood cells. Analysis was performed using HPLC/MS/MS techniques. The usefulness of the method was tested by analysing mouse blood samples. Animals were exposed to 62,5, 625 and 1300 ppm of BD for 10 days. Model peptide fragments were synthezised, isolated by HPLC and their identity was confirmed by mass spectrometric methods. Adducts derived from BMO were detected on animals exposed to 62.5, 625 and 1300 ppm BD. THB adducts were also detected in all exposure levels. DEB adducts were not detected. A dose responce was seen in BMO adducts, however the level of THB adducts decreased if the exposure level was increased. We report a method which has a potential use in human monitoring and which presumable allow the assessment of a long term low exposure. The Finnish Work Environment Fund is acknowledged for financial support.
When One Data Set Is Insufficient—Things to Consider When Linking Secondary Data—Reply
Authors: Molly P. Jarman, Adil H. Haider
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal