tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17289: A Baffling Heart: a 30 Year-old Man with Biventricular Heart Failure and Severe Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Lucas S Zier, Christopher Barnett, Elyse Foster
Journal: Circulation (2014)

A thirty year-old man with an unknown surgery for congenital heart disease presented with intermittent chest pain and progressive decline in his exercise tolerance. Cardiovascular examination revealed a soft S1, loud S2 without splitting, right ventricular heave, a sustained and laterally displaced apical impulse and clubbing of his fingers. An echocardiogram showed d-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA), a dilated, sub-pulmonic left ventricle (LV) with reduced function, smaller than expected sub-aortic right ventricle with reduced function, and elevated sub-pulmonic left ventricular systolic pressure without LV outflow tract obstruction. Cardiac MRI revealed d-TGA status post Senning repair, biventricular dysfunction without baffle obstruction, no evidence of repaired atrial or ventricular septal defect or delayed gadolinium enhancement. Cardiac catheterization showed a suprasystemic pulmonary artery pressure, a pulmonary vascular resistance of 18.4 Wood units and a small right to left shunt due to a baffle leak. No coronary disease was found on angiography. The patient was diagnosed with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension and biventricular dysfunction. This pattern of heart failure was discordant from the expected sequelae of palliated congenital heart defects as pulmonary arterial hypertension and LV dysfunction are both uncommon long-term complications after atrial switch. Systematic evaluation for a unifying cause of the patient’s pattern of heart failure was unrevealing until the patient presented with decompensated heart failure and evidence of stimulant withdrawal. Urine toxicology was positive for methamphetamine and the patient was diagnosed with methamphetamine induced pulmonary arterial hypertension and subpulmonic LV dysfunction. This case demonstrates the importance of understanding the common, long-term patterns of heart failure in repaired congenital heart disease and the need to search for alternative etiologies when the pattern is inconsistent. This case further shows the toxic effects of methamphetamine on the pulmonary vasculature and myocardium, which in our patient resulted in a highly unique pattern of sub-pulmonic LV dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Two kinds of ketoprofen enteric gel beads (CA and CS-SA) using biopolymer alginate
Authors: Bingchao Cheng, Dongyang Li, Qiye Huo, Qianqian Zhao, Qi Lan, Mengsuo Cui, Weisan Pan, Xinggang Yang
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2017)

To obtain expected rapid-release and sustained-release of ketoprofen gel beads, this paper adopted biopolymer alginate to prepare alginate beads and chitosan-alginate gel beads. Formulation factors were investigated and optimized by the single factor test. The release of ketoprofen from calcium alginate gel beads in pH 1.0 hydrochloric acid solution was less than 10% during 2 h, then in pH6.8 was about 95% during 45 min, which met the requirements of rapid-release preparations. However, the drug release of chitosan-alginate gel beads in pH1.0 was less than 5% during 2 h, then in pH6.8 was about 50% during 6 h and reached more than 95% during 12 h, which had a good sustained-release behavior. In addition, the release kinetics of keteprofen from the calcium alginate gel beads fitted well with the Korsmeyer–Peppas model and followed a case-II transport mechanism. However, the release of keteprofen from the chitosan-alginate gel beads exhibited a non-Fickian mechanism and based on the mixed mechanisms of diffusion and polymer relaxation from chitosan-alginate beads. In a word, alginate gel beads of ketoprofen were instant analgesic, while chitosan-alginate gel beads could control the release of ketoprofen during gastro-intestinal tract and prolong the drug's action time.
Addressing Population Health
Authors: Alexander Billioux, Patrick H. Conway, Dawn E. Alley
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
P3.02b-101 EGFR T790M Resistance Mutation in NSCLC: Real-Life Data of Austrian Patients Treated with Osimertinib
Authors: Maximilian Hochmair, Sophia Holzer, Martin Filipits, Andrea Mohn-Staudner, Peter Errhalt, Gudrun Absenger, Tatjana Bundalo, Madeleine Arns, Ulrike Setinek, Romana Mikes, Rainer Kolb, Michael Schumacher, Sabine Zöchbauer-Müller, Kurt Patocka, Ferdinand Haslbauer, Jakob Rudzki, Otto Burghuber
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Réactivation de l’hépatite B dans une unité de dialyse en Irlande, 2005
Authors: L Thornton, F Fitzpatrick, D de la Harpe, S Brennan, N Murphy, J Connell, H Humphreys, E Smyth, J J Walshe, M Crean, D O’ Flanagan
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

En avril 2005, un cas de reactivation du virus de l’hepatite B (VHB) a ete signale chez un patient subissant hemodialyse dans un hopital irlandais. Cet incident a potentiellement pu affecter tous les patients ayant frequente les hopitaux du pays et une cellule de crise nationale a donc ete mise en place pour coordonner la gestion de l’incident.
TCT-806 12-Month Angiographic and Clinical Follow up of the Fantom Sirolimus-eluting Bioresorbable Scaffold
Authors: Georgios Bouras, Alexandre Abizaid, None Didier Carrie, Norbert Frey, Matthias Lutz, Joachim Weber-Albers, Darius Dudek, Bernard Chevalier, Ecaterina Cristea, Alexandra Lansky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Retinal vasculature and 5-year metabolic syndrome among women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ling-Jun Li, Kok Hian Tan, Izzuddin M. Aris, Ryan Eyn Kidd Man, Alfred Tau Liang Gan, Yap Seng Chong, Seang Mei Saw, Peter Gluckman, Tien Yin Wong, Ecosse Lamoureux
Journal: Metabolism (2017)
TCT-835 Comparison of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mahin Khan, Waqas Ahmed, Malalai Manan, Ihab Hamzeh, Salim Virani, Nasser Lakkis, Mahboob Alam
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Effect of an intensified multifactorial intervention on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in type 2 diabetes (J-DOIT3): an open-label, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Kohjiro Ueki, Takayoshi Sasako, Yukiko Okazaki, Masayuki Kato, Sumie Okahata, Hisayuki Katsuyama, Mikiko Haraguchi, Ai Morita, Ken Ohashi, Kazuo Hara, Atsushi Morise, Kazuo Izumi, Naoki Ishizuka, Yasuo Ohashi, Mitsuhiko Noda, Takashi Kadowaki, Masakazu Haneda, Yasunori Iwashima, Toshihiro Suda, Naoki Tamasawa, Makoto Daimon, Jo Satoh, Noriko Takebe, Yasushi Ishigaki, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Hiroaki Satoh, Kikuo Kasai, Yoshimasa Aso, Shun Ishibashi, Shigehiro Katayama, San-e Ishikawa, Masafumi Kakei, Kazuyuki Namai, Naotake Hashimoto, Yoshifumi Suzuki, Shunichiro Onishi, Koutaro Yokote, Masafumi Matsuda, Masahiro Masuzawa, Yoichi Hayashi, Satoshi Saito, Norikazu Ogihara, Hisamitsu Ishihara, Naoko Tajima, Kazunori Utsunomiya, Akira Shimada, Hiroshi Itoh, Ryuzo Kawamori, Hirotaka Watada, Michio Hayashi, Yasumichi Mori, Teruo Shiba, Akihiro Isogawa, Hiroshi Sakura, Masato Odawara, Kazuyuki Tobe, Kazuhisa Tsukamoto, Toshimasa Yamauchi, Tamio Teramoto, Yukio Hirata, Isao Uchimura, Yoshihiro Ogawa, Gen Yoshino, Takahisa Hirose, Hiroshi Kajio, Yoshihito Atsumi, Akira Shimada, Yoichi Oikawa, Atsushi Araki, Akio Ueki, Atsushi Ohno, Masafumi Kitaoka, Yoshikuni Fujita, Tatsumi Moriya, Taiki Tojo, Masayoshi Shichiri, Daisuke Suzuki, Masao Toyoda, Kumiko Hamano, Rieko Komi, Yasuo Terauchi, Nobuaki Kuzuya, Masayo Yamada, Toshinari Takamura, Mitsuo Imura, Hiroshi Tanaka, Masayuki Hayashi, Yasuhisa Kato, Mitsuyasu Itoh, Atsushi Suzuki, Mikihiro Nakayama, Takahisa Sano, Eitaro Nakashima, Yasuhiro Sumida, Yutaka Yano, Tsuyoshi Tanaka, Kazuya Murata, Atsunori Kashiwagi, Hiroshi Maegawa, Shigeo Kono, Nobuya Inagaki, Keisuke Kosugi, Tetsuyuki Yasuda, Yasunao Yoshimasa, Ichiro Kishimoto, Toshihiko Sato, Masayuki Hosoi, Tomoyuki Yamasaki, Munehide Matsuhisa, Iichiro Shimomura, Ataru Taniguchi, Akira Kuroe, Takeshi Kurose, Takeshi Ohara, Kazuhiko Sakaguchi, Mitsuyoshi Namba, Kohei Kaku, Masazumi Fujiwara, Ikki Shimizu, Keizo Ono, Osamu Ebisui, Yukio Tanizawa, Yosuke Okada, Shoichi Natori, Takehiko Kodera, Naoichi Sato, Makoto Ide, Kentaro Yamada, Fumio Umeda, Shoichi Natori, Tomoaki Eto, Kazuo Mimura, Shinsuke Hiramatsu, Tomoaki Inoue, Ryoko Takei, Atsushi Ogo, Katsumi Eguchi, Eiji Kawasaki, Yuji Koide, Eiichi Araki, Hideaki Jinnouchi, Hiroaki Yamamoto, Mitsutaka Motoyoshi, Toru Hiyoshi, Yasushi Tanaka, Tadahisa Momoki, Koichiro Sato, Akihiko Yoneyama, Kenichi Ito, Hiroshi Sobajima, Hiroshi Ikegami, Masaki Ikeda, Hiroki Ikeda, Kenji Takahashi, Hirofumi Makino, Yasuo Ueda, Masamitsu Nakazato
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2017)
<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> transmission from patients with drug-resistant compared to drug-susceptible TB: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chiori Kodama, Berit Lange, Ioana D. Olaru, Palwasha Khan, Marc Lipman, James A. Seddon, Derek Sloan, Louis Grandjean, Rashida Abbas Ferrand, Katharina Kranzer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

The extent to which drug-resistant (DR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains cause infection and progression to tuberculosis (TB) disease in comparison to drug-susceptible (DS) strains is unknown. Studies in guinea pigs and in vitro experiments have suggested a reduced fitness of organisms that harbour mutations that confer drug resistance [1, 2]; it was therefore believed that transmitted drug resistance was a rare event. However, more recent work using molecular typing has shown transmission events occurring in the context of DR-TB [3]. Understanding the risk of transmission, infection and progression to disease in the context of DR-TB is important to guide control measures and help predict the evolution and magnitude of the multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB epidemic. Hence, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether M. tuberculosis transmission and progression to TB disease (risk/rate of M. tuberculosis infection in all contacts, risk/rate of TB disease in all contacts and risk/rate of TB disease in infected contacts) differ between DR- and DS-TB. No evidence that drug-resistant TB results in fewer infections or cases in contacts than drug-susceptible TB <http://ow.ly/dgez30f87dr> We would like to acknowledge the valuable administrative support during the conduct of this study by Johannes Camp and Lucy Wong of University Hospital Freiburg. Contributions of authors: K. Kranzer conceived the idea for the systematic review. K. Kranzer, C. Kodama and B. Lange designed the study. K. Kranzer, C. Kodama and B. Lange performed screening and data extraction. C. Kodama and B. Lange assessed risk of bias. B. Lange and K. Kranzer performed the meta-analysis. I. Olaru, P. Khan, M. Lipman, J. Seddon, D. Sloan, L. Grandjean and R. Ferrand contributed to the analysis and manuscript writing. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Contribution to the development of precision medicine and clinical utility of nationwide lung cancer genomic screening in Japan (LC-SCRUM-Japan).
Authors: Kadoaki Ohashi, Shingo Matsumoto, Kiyotaka Yoh, Yuichiro Ohe, Tadasuke Shimokawaji, Yuki Kataoka, Masahiro Kodani, Akimasa Sekine, Sho Saeki, Naoki Furuya, Takashi Seto, Takuma Yokoyama, Masato Shingyoji, Yoshihiro Hattori, Young Hak Kim, Katsuya Tsuchihara, Koichi Goto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e20659 Background: A nationwide lung cancer genomic screening project in Japan (LC-SCRUM-Japan) was established in 2013. The objective of this project is to contribute to the development of precision medicine through the genomic biomarker screening, leading to improvement of patient prognoses. Methods: Advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (non-sq NSCLC) without EGFR mutations were eligible for inclusion. The tumors were analyzed for ALK/ROS1/RET fusions using RT-PCR and FISH. Since March 2015, the samples were further subjected to a next-generation sequencing (NGS) system, Oncomine™ Comprehensive Assay. Since April 2016, MET exon 14 skipping ( MET skip) was also analyzed by RT-PCR. The clinical course and prognosis of patients were monitored every 6 month. Results:As of December, 2016, 3206 patients from 242 institutions across Japan had been enrolled. The success rates for RT-PCR and NGS were 94% (3020/3206) and 91% (1523/1666), respectively. ALK/ROS1/RET fusions were detected in 65 (2%)/116 (4%)/84 (3%), respectively. The NGS assay showed that 753 tumors (49%) had actionable gene alterations, including 184 KRAS (12%), 92 ERBB2 (6%), 73 BRAF (5%), 42 PIK3CA (3%), 11 NRAS (0.7%), 7 MAP2K1 mutations (0.5%) and 5 FGFR2/3 fusions (0.3%). ERBB2/MET/FGFR1 amplifications were also detected in 36 (3%)/28 (2%)/11 (1%) cases, respectively. The frequency of MET skip was 4% (26/597). Through this screening, a total of 576 genotype-matched patients to clinical trials of targeted agents were identified, and 111 of them (19%) were enrolled into the trials. Of the 1523 patients analyzed by NGS, the monitoring data were available in 870 (57%). The patients with actionable gene alterations who received targeted agents (n = 100) showed significantly longer survivals than those who did not receive targeted agents (n = 358) or the patients without actionable gene alterations (n = 412) (median survival [95%CI], 5.1 [3.0-N.R.] vs. 3.3 [2.1-5.9] vs. 2.3 [1.9-2.9] years, respectively; p &lt; 0.01). Conclusions: Our nationwide screening contributes to the development of precision medicine for non-sq NSCLC and could improve patient prognoses.
TCT-709 One year clinical outcome of FFR based management of patients sustaining an Acute Coronary Syndrome: a lesion-based analysis from the POST-IT prospective study
Authors: Luis Raposo, Sergio Baptista, Ruben Ramos, Lino Santos, Elisabete Jorge, Carina Machado, Joao Costa, Luis Nunes, Maria João Sousa, Alberto Rodrigues, Luis Seca, Renato Fernandes
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Allogeneic Human Double Negative T Cells as a Novel Immunotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms
Authors: JongBok Lee, Mark D. Minden, Weihsu C. Chen, Elena Streck, Branson Chen, Hyeonjeong Kang, Andrea Arruda, Dalam Ly, Sandy D. Der, Sohyeong Kang, Paulina Achita, Cheryl D'Souza, Yueyang Li, Richard W. Childs, John E. Dick, Li Zhang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Purpose: To explore the potential of ex vivo expanded healthy donor–derived allogeneic CD4 and CD8 double-negative cells (DNT) as a novel cellular immunotherapy for leukemia patients. Experimental Design: Clinical-grade DNTs from peripheral blood of healthy donors were expanded and their antileukemic activity and safety were examined using flow cytometry–based in vitro killing assays and xenograft models against AML patient blasts and healthy donor–derived hematopoietic cells. Mechanism of action was investigated using antibody-mediated blocking assays and recombinant protein treatment assays. Results: Expanded DNTs from healthy donors target a majority (36/46) of primary AML cells, including 9 chemotherapy-resistant patient samples in vitro, and significantly reduce the leukemia load in patient-derived xenograft models in a DNT donor–unrestricted manner. Importantly, allogeneic DNTs do not attack normal hematopoietic cells or affect hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell engraftment and differentiation, or cause xenogeneic GVHD in recipients. Mechanistically, DNTs express high levels of NKG2D and DNAM-1 that bind to cognate ligands preferentially expressed on AML cells. Upon recognition of AML cells, DNTs rapidly release IFNγ, which further increases NKG2D and DNAM-1 ligands’ expression on AML cells. IFNγ pretreatment enhances the susceptibility of AML cells to DNT-mediated cytotoxicity, including primary AML samples that are otherwise resistant to DNTs, and the effect of IFNγ treatment is abrogated by NKG2D and DNAM-1–blocking antibodies. Conclusions: This study supports healthy donor–derived allogeneic DNTs as a therapy to treat patients with chemotherapy-resistant AML and also reveals interrelated roles of NKG2D, DNAM-1, and IFNγ in selective targeting of AML by DNTs. Clin Cancer Res; 24(2); 370–82. ©2017 AACR.
Bone mesenchymal stem cell secretion of sRANKL/OPG/M-CSF in response to macrophage-mediated inflammatory response influences osteogenesis on nanostructured Ti surfaces
Authors: Qian-li Ma, Liang Fang, Nan Jiang, Liang Zhang, Ying Wang, Yu-mei Zhang, Li-hua Chen
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
<i>MYD88</i>mutation status does not impact overall survival in Waldenström macroglobulinemia
Authors: Jithma P. Abeykoon, Jonas Paludo, Rebecca L. King, Stephen M. Ansell, Morie A. Gertz, Betsy R. LaPlant, Alese E. Halvorson, Wilson I. Gonsalves, David Dingli, Hong Fang, S. Vincent Rajkumar, Martha Q. Lacy, Rong He, Taxiarchis Kourelis, Craig B. Reeder, Anne J. Novak, Ellen D. McPhail, David S. Viswanatha, Thomas E. Witzig, Ronald S. Go, Thomas M. Habermann, Francis K. Buadi, Angela Dispenzieri, Nelson Leung, Yi Lin, Carrie A. Thompson, Suzanne R. Hayman, Robert A. Kyle, Shaji K. Kumar, Prashant Kapoor
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2017)

Abstract Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is an immunoglobulin M‐associated lymphoma, with majority of cases demonstrating MYD88 locus alteration, most commonly, MYD88 L265P . Owing to low prevalence of the wild‐type (WT) MYD88 genotype in WM, clinically relevant data in this patient population are sparse, with one study showing nearly a 10‐fold increased risk of mortality in this subgroup compared to patients with MYD88 L265P mutation. We studied a large cohort of patients with MYD88 L265P and MYD88 WT WM, evaluated at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, between 1995 and 2016, to specifically assess the impact of these genotypes on clinical course. Of 557 patients, MYD88 L265P mutation status, as determined by allele‐specific polymerase chain reaction, was known in 219, and 174 (79%) of those exhibited MYD88 L265P , 157 of 174 patients had active disease. Of 45 (21%) patients with MYD88 WT genotype, 44 had active disease. The estimated median follow‐up was 7.0 years; median overall survival was 10.2 years (95% CI: 8.4‐16.5) for MYD88 L265P versus 13.9 years (95% CI: 6.4‐29.3) for the MYD88 WT ( P = 0.86). The time‐to‐next therapy from frontline treatment and the presenting features were similar in the two patient populations. For patients with smoldering WM at diagnosis, the median time‐to‐progression to active disease was 2.8 years (95% CI: 2.2‐3.8) in the MYD88 L265P cohort and 1.9 years (95% CI: 0.7‐3.1) in the MYD88 WT cohort ( P = 0.21). The frequency of transformation to high‐grade lymphoma, or the development of therapy‐elated myelodysplastic syndrome was higher in the MYD88 WT cohort (16% versus 4% in the MYD88 L265P , P = 0.009). In conclusion, MYD88 L265P mutation does not appear to be a determinant of outcome, and its presence may not be a disease‐defining feature in WM. Our findings warrant external validation, preferably through prospective studies.
TCT-412 Prognostic implications of pressure-bounded coronary flow reserve versus flow-derived coronary flow reserve.
Authors: Gilbert Wijntjens, Martijn van Lavieren, Tim van de Hoef, Mauro Echavarria Pinto, Martijn Meuwissen, Valérie Stegehuis, Karel Koch, Steven Chamuleau, Michiel Voskuil, Robbert de Winter, Jan Tijssen, Javier Escaned, Jan Piek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Botulismo por heridas en usuarios de drogas inyectadas: aumento de casos en Inglaterra en 2004
Authors: D Akbulut, J Dennis, M Gent, K A Grant, V Hope, C Ohai, J McLauchlin, V Mithani, O Mpamugo, F Ncube, L De Souza-Thomas
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

Las infecciones de las heridas producidas por Clostridium botulinum no se reconocieron en Reino Unido y la Republica de Irlanda antes de 2000. C. Botulinum produce una potente neurotoxina que puede causar paralisis y muerte. En 2000 y 2001, se reconocieron clinicamente 10 casos, seguidos de 23 en 2002, 15 en 2003 y 40 en 2004, todos ellos en usuarios de heroina inyectada. Setenta casos se detectaron en Inglaterra, los restantes en Escocia (12), Gales (2) y en la Republica de Irlanda (4). El 45 % (40/88) de los casos se confirmaron en laboratorio por la deteccion de la neurotoxina botulinica en el suero, o por el aislamiento de C. Botulinum a partir de heridas. De los 40 casos de 2004, 36 fueron detectados en Inglaterra, y de los 12 confirmados por laboratorio, 10 fueron debidos al tipo A. Durante ese ano algunos casos estuvieron agrupados geograficamente, la mayoria de ellos en Londres y en las regiones de Yorkshire y Humberside del nordeste de Inglaterra.
Time Trends of Dietary and Lifestyle Factors and Their Potential Impact on Diabetes Burden in China
Authors: Yanping Li, Dong D. Wang, Sylvia H. Ley, Malik Vasanti, Annie Green Howard, Yuna He, Frank B. Hu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

OBJECTIVE To examine the secular trends in risk factors, estimate their impact on type 2 diabetes burden from 1991 to 2011, and project trends in the next 20 years. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Risk factor distributions were based on data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 1991–2011. Diabetes cases attributable to all nonoptimal levels of each risk factor were estimated by applying the comparative risk assessment method. RESULTS In 2011, high BMI was the leading individual attributable factor for diabetes cases in China responsible for 43.8 million diabetes cases with a population-attributable fraction of 46.8%. Low whole-grain intake and high refined grain intake were the leading dietary risk factors in China responsible for 37.8 million and 21.8 million diabetes-attributable cases, respectively. The number of attributable diabetes cases associated with low physical activity, high blood pressure, and current smoking was 29.5, 21.6, and 9.8 million, respectively. Although intakes of low-fat dairy products, nuts, fruit, vegetables, and fish and seafood increased moderately over time, the average intake was below optimal levels in 2011 and were responsible for 15.8, 11.3, 9.9, 6.0, 3.6, and 2.6 million diabetes cases, respectively. Meanwhile, intakes of processed meat, red meat, and sugar-sweetened beverage showed increasing trends over time and were responsible for 2.8, 1.8, and 0.5 million diabetes cases, respectively, in 2011. CONCLUSIONS A high BMI and low intake of whole grains but high intake of refined grains are the most important individual risk factors related to Chinese diabetes burden; low physical activity and high blood pressure also significantly contributed.