tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-23a and MicroRNA-27a Mimic Exercise by Ameliorating CKD-Induced Muscle Atrophy
Authors: Bin Wang, Cong Zhang, Aiqing Zhang, Hui Cai, S. Russ Price, Xiaonan H. Wang
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2017)

Muscle atrophy is a frequent complication of CKD, and exercise can attenuate the process. This study investigated the role of microRNA-23a (miR-23a) and miR-27a in the regulation of muscle mass in mice with CKD. These miRs are located in a gene cluster that is regulated by the transcription factor NFAT. CKD mice expressed less miR-23a in muscle than controls, and resistance exercise (muscle overload) increased the levels of miR-23a and miR-27a in CKD mice. Injection of an adeno-associated virus encoding the miR-23a/27a/24–2 precursor RNA into the tibialis anterior muscles of normal and CKD mice led to increases in mature miR-23a and miR-27a but not miR-24–2 in the muscles of both cohorts. Overexpression of miR-23a/miR-27a in CKD mice attenuated muscle loss, improved grip strength, increased the phosphorylation of Akt and FoxO1, and decreased the activation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and FoxO1 and the expression of TRIM63/MuRF1 and FBXO32/atrogin-1 proteins. Provision of miR-23a/miR-27a also reduced myostatin expression and downstream SMAD-2/3 signaling, decreased activation of caspase-3 and -7, and increased the expression of markers of muscle regeneration. Lastly, in silico miR target analysis and luciferase reporter assays in primary satellite cells identified PTEN and caspase-7 as targets of miR-23a and FoxO1 as a target of miR-27a in muscle. These findings provide new insights about the roles of the miR-23a/27a-24–2 cluster in CKD-induced muscle atrophy in mice and suggest a mechanism by which exercise helps to maintain muscle mass.
TCTAP A-093 Identification of Coronary Artery Side Branch Supplying Myocardial Mass Which May Benefit from Revascularization
Authors: Hyung Yoon Kim, Joon-Hyung Doh, Hong-Seok Lim, Chang-Wook Nam, Eun-Seok Shin, Bon-Kwon Koo, Joo Myung Lee, Taek Kyu Park, Jeong Hoon Yang, Young Bin Song, Joo-Yong Hahn, Seung Hyuk Choi, Hyeon-Cheol Gwon, Yeon Hyeon Choe, Jin-Ho Choi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Cost-effectiveness of Wait Time Reduction in Behavioral Interventions for Autism
Authors: Keith Fluegge
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Oribasius—Pediatric Skin Eruptions and the Origins of the Allergic Reaction to Breast Milk
Authors: Gregory Tsoucalas, Markos Sgantzos
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Circulating DNA Demonstrates Convergent Evolution and Common Resistance Mechanisms during Treatment of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Alain R. Thierry, Brice Pastor, Zhi-Qin Jiang, Anastasia D. Katsiampoura, Christine Parseghian, Jonathan M. Loree, Michael J. Overman, Cynthia Sanchez, Safia El Messaoudi, Marc Ychou, Scott Kopetz
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2017)

Purpose: Liquid biopsies allow the tracking of clonal dynamics and detection of mutations during treatment.Experimental Design: We evaluated under blinded conditions the ability of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to detect RAS/BRAF mutations in the plasma of 42 metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated on a phase Ib/II trial of FOLFOX and dasatinib, with or without cetuximab.Results: Prior to treatment, sequencing of archival tissue detected mutations in 25 of 42 patients (60%), while the cfDNA assay detected mutations in 37 of 42 patients (88%). Our cfDNA assay detected mutations with allele frequencies as low as 0.01%. After exposure to treatment, 41 of 42 patients (98%) had a cfDNA-detected RAS/BRAF mutation. Of 21 patients followed with serial measurements who were RAS/BRAF mutant at baseline, 11 (52%) showed additional point mutation following treatment and 3 (14%) no longer had detectable levels of another mutant allele. Of RAS/BRAF wild-type tumors at baseline, 4 of 5 (80%) showed additional point mutations. cfDNA quantitative measurements from this study closely mirrored changes in CEA and CT scan results, highlighting the importance of obtaining quantitative data beyond the mere presence of a mutation.Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the development of new RAS/BRAF mutations in patients regardless of whether they had preexisting mutations in the pathway, demonstrating a convergent evolutionary pattern. Clin Cancer Res; 23(16); 4578-91. ©2017 AACR.
Phase II trial of carboplatin plus cetuximab for the treatment of stage IIIB/IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: D. S. Bradford, M. A. Socinski, R. V. LaRocca, T. A. Hensing, R. E. Bordoni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

18005 Background: Cetuximab, an IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on both normal and tumor cells, has been investigated in advanced NSCLC as a single agent and in combination with chemotherapy. At the time of study design, triplet therapy had not demonstrated activity greater than doublets. This ongoing phase II open-label trial evaluates the doublet of cetuximab in combination with carboplatin (Cb) in patients (pts) with previously untreated stage IIIB/IV NSCLC. Methods: Eligible pts receive cetuximab 400 mg/m 2 IV on day 1. Starting on day 8, pts receive cetuximab 250 mg/m 2 IV weekly plus Cb AUC=6 IV q3w for 4 cycles (12 weeks). Pts who achieve CR, PR, or SD after 4 cycles may continue weekly cetuximab monotherapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary objective is to evaluate the response rate. Secondary objectives are to determine median progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months and median overall survival (OS) at 1 year. Results: The study has completed accrual, enrolling and treating 57 pts, all evaluable for response. None had received prior adjuvant chemotherapy for NSCLC. All pts received cetuximab; 49 received Cb. Of the 57 pts, 55 have discontinued: 30 (52.6%) for disease progression or relapse. Drug-related adverse events occurred in 53 pts (93%). Conclusions: These preliminary data of cetuximab in combination with Cb demonstrated modest response rates with an acceptable toxicity profile in pts with advanced NSCLC. Final PFS and OS data are pending. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC) From Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Study of BCR-ABL Addiction and Effect of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors,
Authors: Aurélie Bedel, Francois Moreau-Gaudry, Jean- Max Pasquet, Miguel Taillepierre, Éric Lippert, Valérie Lagarde, Hubert de Verneuil, Emmanuel Richard, Francois-Xavier Mahon
Journal: Blood (2011)
High risk of dengue type 2 outbreak in French Polynesia, 2017
Authors: Maite Aubry, Yoann Teissier, Mihiau Mapotoeke, Anita Teissier, Marine Giard, Didier Musso, Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2017)

In French Polynesia, the four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV-1 to -4) have caused 14 epidemics since the mid-1940s. From the end of 2016, an increasing number of Pacific Island Countries and Territories have reported DENV-2 outbreaks and in February 2017, DENV-2 infection was detected in French Polynesia in three travellers from Vanuatu. As DENV-2 has not been circulating in French Polynesia since December 2000, there is high risk for an outbreak to occur.
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Newly identified hantavirus--Florida, 1994
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum. Alogliptin, a Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor, Prevents the Progression of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The Study of Preventive Effects of Alogliptin on Diabetic Atherosclerosis (SPEAD-A). Diabetes Care 2016;39:139–148
Authors: Tomoya Mita, Naoto Katakami, Hidenori Yoshii, Tomio Onuma, Hideaki Kaneto, Takeshi Osonoi, Toshihiko Shiraiwa, Keisuke Kosugi, Yutaka Umayahara, Tsunehiko Yamamoto, Hiroki Yokoyama, Nobuichi Kuribayashi, Hideaki Jinnouchi, Masahiko Gosho, Iichiro Shimomura, Hirotaka Watada
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

In the Research Design and Methods section of the above-mentioned article, the measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was described as follows: “The software system averaged 60 …
Incidence and characterization of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in patients with pancreatic cancer: Effect of timing of VTE on survival.
Authors: Maithili A Shethia, Aparna Hegde, Xiao Zhou, Michael J. Overman, Saroj Vadhan-Raj
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

4037 Background: Patients (pts) with pancreatic cancer are at high risk for VTE, and the occurrence of VTE can affect pts’ prognosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of VTE and the impact of timing of VTE (early vs. late) on survival. Methods: Medical record of 260 pts with pancreatic cancer, newly referred to UT MDACC during one year period from 1/1/2006 to 12/31/2006, were reviewed for the incidence of VTE during a 2-year follow-up period from the date of diagnosis. All VTE episodes were confirmed by radiologic studies. Survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models. Results: Of the 260 pts, 47 pts (18%) had 51 episodes of VTE during the 2-year follow-up. The median age of the pts with VTE was 61 years (range: 28-86) and 53% were males. Of the 47 pts with VTE, 27 (57%) had PE, 19 (40%) had DVT and 1 had concurrent PE/DVT. Three pts had recurrent VTE during the study period. Median follow-up time for OS was 192 days (range: 1-1652 days). Kaplan-Meier Survival analysis showed that those who developed VTE earlier (within 30 or 90 days) had shorter median overall survival (OS) compared with those who had VTE beyond these time points. The hazard ratios, 95% CI, and median OS at 1 year are summarized in the table below. Conclusions: The incidence of VTE is high in pts with pancreatic cancer. The timing of VTE had a significant impact on OS; pts who had an early development of VTE had a shorter overall survival. [Table: see text]
Specialist silk clothing does not reduce eczema severity in children
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Wearing specialist silk clothing does not reduce the severity of eczema in children with moderate to severe disease, a six month study published in PLoS Medicine has shown.1

Clothing may play a role in either exacerbating or soothing eczema, so patients often avoid wool garments and turn to fine weave fabrics, including silk. Specialist clothing made from sericin-free silk is licensed as a medical device and is available …
Targeted drug distribution in tumor extracellular fluid of GD2-expressing neuroblastoma patient-derived xenografts using SN-38-loaded nanoparticles conjugated to the monoclonal antibody 3F8
Authors: Carles Monterrubio, Sonia Paco, Nagore G. Olaciregui, Guillem Pascual-Pasto, Monica Vila-Ubach, Maria Cuadrado-Vilanova, M. Mar Ferrandiz, Helena Castillo-Ecija, Romina Glisoni, Nataliya Kuplennik, Achim Jungbluth, Carmen de Torres, Cinzia Lavarino, N.K.V. Cheung, Jaume Mora, Alejandro Sosnik, Angel M. Carcaboso
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2017)
Abstract 284: The Role of Cardiomyocyte Proliferation in Pediatric Heart Growth
Authors: Bersell Kevin, Mariya Mollova, Stuart Walsh, Jainy Savla, Tanmoy DasLala, Shin-Young Park, Leslie Silberstein, Cris dosRemedios, Dionne Graham, Steven Colan, Bernhard Kuhn
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

Introduction Cardiomyocyte proliferation is an active cellular mechanism in systems that effectively regenerate myocardium, such as zebrafish, newt, and neonatal mice. However, this cellular growth mechanism has not been examined systematically in humans &lt; 20 years of age. Examining the role of cardiomyocyte proliferation in post-natal heart growth in humans may provide a new cellular mechanism that could be targeted therapeutically. Hypothesis We hypothesized that cardiomyocyte proliferation contributes to myocardial growth in humans during post-natal development. Methods We examined 20 human hearts (3 weeks to 20 years of age) that were free from myocardial disease. We used confocal microscopy and laser-scanning cytometry to quantify cell cycle activity and associated cellular changes (cardiomyocyte ploidy and cellular volume). Results Measurements of mitosis, made by automated quantification of phosphorylated histone-3-positive cardiomyocytes, showed that during the first year of life the mean percentage of cardiomyocytes undergoing mitosis was 0.04 ± 0.01% (n = 6), declining to 0.008 ± 0.001% (n = 3) between 10 and 20 years of age. Cardiomyocyte cytokinesis, visualized by an antibody against MKLP-1 (a component of the centralspindlin complex), was detectable up to 20 years of age (n = 8), but not later in life (n = 4). The number of cardiomyocytes, quantified with stereology, increased four-fold between birth and 20 years. The mean cardiomyocyte volume increased concomitantly 12-fold. By relating these mechanistic data to left ventricular mass (determined by echocardiography), we modeled myocardial growth between birth and 20 years, which showed that the mean contribution of cardiomyocyte proliferation was 37%. Conclusions Our findings show that cardiomyocyte proliferation is a significant mechanism of developmental heart growth in humans after birth. This suggests that young humans may have the capacity to regenerate myocardium since the underlying mechanism, cardiomyocyte proliferation, is active under the age of 20 years. Cardiomyogenic stem cells may be involved in this process.
Genomic profiling of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for personalized targeted therapy using CT-guided transthoracic needle biopsy (TTNB).
Authors: Ritu R. Gill, Stephanie Heon, Beow Yong Yeap, Mohit Butaney, Neal Ian Lindeman, Michael S. Rabin, David Michael Jackman, Pasi Antero Janne, Bruce E. Johnson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

10592 Background: Genomic profiling for personalized targeted therapy is emerging for NSCLC. DFCI introduced systematic testing for mutations in BRAF, HER2, PIK3CA and ALK translocations in addition to EGFR and KRAS in July 2009 as part of a prospective study. We report the utility, efficacy and safety of CT guided TTNB in this cohort. Methods: Patients with stage IV or relapsed NSCLC seen at the DFCI were referred to BWH for CT guided TTNB of their tumors to identify driver mutations prior to starting therapy. Pathology specimens were dissected and analyzed by PCR-Sanger sequencing for mutations in selected exons of EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA and HER2. ALK rearrangements were detected with fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH). Testing was performed after the pathologist deemed that the tissue was adequate. Complications such as pneumothorax and hemorrhage were recorded. Admission rates were also recorded. Results: Between 7/1/2009 and 1/09/2011, 81 patients underwent TTNB. The median age was 63 years. 54 (67%) were female, 66 (88%) were former/current smokers and 58(72%) had stage IIIB/IV disease. 64(79%) patients had sufficient tissue on core biopsies for genomic profiling, 4 (6%) of the 64 patients failed analysis for ALK rearrangements due to less than 50 tumor cells on the hybridized slide. The number of samples obtained ranged from 1-5 (2 cm 18-20 (G)). Lesions biopsied ranged in size from 1.2–8.9 cm. Mutations were identified in 38/81 (46.9%) patients (EGFR: 18; KRAS: 17; ALK: 2; PIK3CA: 1). 23(28.3%) had pneumothoraces 15(&lt;10%), 5 (10-30%) and 3(&gt;30%). 6 (7%) patients needed chest tubes. 9 (11%) were admitted post procedure for observation (8 for (24hrs) and 1 (72hrs). 19(23%) (18 grade1; 1 grade 2) had intra-parenchymal hemorrhage. A higher rate of pneumothorax was observed with the 18 gauge needles (p =.05). 15 of 20 (75%) patients with EGFR, HER2, BRAF or ALK alterations were treated with molecularly targeted therapy based on their genetic alteration. Conclusions: CT guided TTNB is a feasible, safe and efficacious technique for genomic profiling for targeted therapy and enables the acquisition of sufficient tissue for gene mutation analyses.
Letter by Lozano et al Regarding Article, “Prasugrel Versus Ticagrelor in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Treated With Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Multicenter Randomized PRAGUE-18 Study”
Authors: Iñigo Lozano, Juan Rondan, Jose M. Vegas
Journal: Circulation (2017)

the difficulty of overcoming the effectiveness of the current antiplatelet agents, the dubious profitability of future investments in this field, and the deviation of the funds for investigation to more lucrative areas as oncology, 5 we believe that our future in the coming years in acute coronary syndromes will probably coexist with the current antiplatelet agents.
The rise of private medicine in South Asia
Authors: Amit Sengupta, Indranil Mukhopadhyaya, Manuj C Weerasinghe, Arjun Karki
Journal: BMJ (2017)

<b>Amit Sengupta and colleagues</b> describe how stagnant public investment in health in South Asia has seen a growth in private practice and may hamper efforts to enable universal health coverage in the region
Caring for Patients or Organs: New Therapies Raise New Dilemmas in the Emergency Department
Authors: Arjun Prabhu, Lisa S. Parker, Michael A. DeVita
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2017)

Two potentially lifesaving protocols, emergency preservation and resuscitation (EPR) and uncontrolled donation after circulatory determination of death (uDCDD), currently implemented in some U.S. emergency departments (EDs), have similar eligibility criteria and initial technical procedures, but critically different goals. Both follow unsuccessful cardiopulmonary resuscitation and induce hypothermia to "buy time": one in trauma patients suffering cardiac arrest, to enable surgical repair, and the other in patients who unexpectedly die in the ED, to enable organ donation. This article argues that to fulfill patient-focused fiduciary obligations and maintain community trust, institutions implementing both protocols should adopt and publicize policies to guide ED physicians to utilize either protocol for particular patients, in order to address the appearance of conflict of interest arising from the protocols' similarities. It concludes by analyzing ethical implications of incentives that may influence institutions to develop the expertise required for uDCDD but not EPR.
F<scp>ifty</scp> Y<scp>ears of </scp>R<scp>esearch in</scp> ARDS.Gas Exchange in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Peter Radermacher, Salvatore Maurizio Maggiore, Alain Mercat
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2017)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by severe impairment of gas exchange. Hypoxemia is mainly due to intrapulmonary shunt, whereas increased alveolar dead space explains the alteration of CO2 clearance. Assessment of the severity of gas exchange impairment is a requisite for the characterization of the syndrome and the evaluation of its severity. Confounding factors linked to hemodynamic status can greatly influence the relationship between the severity of lung injury and the degree of hypoxemia and/or the effects of ventilator settings on gas exchange. Apart from situations of rescue treatment, targeting optimal gas exchange in ARDS has become less of a priority compared with prevention of injury. A complex question for clinicians is to understand when improvement in oxygenation and alveolar ventilation is related to a lower degree or risk of injury for the lungs. In this regard, a full understanding of gas exchange mechanism in ARDS is imperative for individualized symptomatic support of patients with ARDS.