tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 13063: Dapagliflozin Provides Multiple Ultrasonic-Evaluated Antiatherosclerotic Effects Independent of Diabetic Improvement for Type-2 Diabetics With Coronary Artery Disease Receiving Statin or Sartan
Authors: Tatsuaki Murakami, Kazuo Ohsato
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is thought to be highly involved in complex atherothrombogenic processes, but the antiatherosclerotic therapies in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus have not been established. Hypothesis: We assessed hypothesis that antidiabetic therapy with dapagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, pleiotropically inhibits atherosclerotic progression in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus treated by statin or sartan, one of the best possible antiatherosclerotic therapies. Methods: Type-2 diabetic patients with stable coronary artery disease taking statin or sartan were randomized to group-D where they received antidiabetic therapy with dapagliflozin for 6 months, or to group-C where they received enhanced therapies with conventional antidiabetic agents without an SGLT2 inhibitor. We quantified flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilatation of brachial artery after transient forearm occlusion (FMD), and also quantified intima-media thickness of brachial artery (IMT) using high-resolution ultrasonography. Changes in FMD, IMT, and other metabolic variables were compared between the 2 groups. Results: Glycemic variables represented by HbA1c significantly improved in both groups. All patients in group-D (n=20) manifested good compliance and significant improvements in multiple metabolic variables, while those in group-C (n=10) showed no improvement. In group-D FMD (%) significantly increased (from 3.4±2.5 to 6.3±2.3, p&lt;0.01) and IMT (mm) significantly decreased (from 0.33±0.06 to 0.30±0.05, p=0.04), while both FMD (from 3.6±2.3 to 3.8±2.4, p=0.72) and IMT (from 0.34±0.12 to 0.35±0.14, p=0.84) remained unchanged in group-C. Changes of FMD or IMT in group-D did not correlate to those of HbA1c (FMD: r=0.14, p=0.69, IMT: r=0.10, p=0.72). Conclusions: These results indicate inhibition of sodium glucose co-transporter-2 with dapagliflozin improves endothelial function, and reduces arterial wall thickening independent of glucose lowering, which may have novel potential benefit of dapagliflozin for management of progressive atherosclerosis in type-2 diabetics with coronary artery disease treated by statin or sartan one of the best possible antiatherosclerotic therapies.
Abstract 16614: Positive Impact of Tele-ICU Monitoring on Hospital Mortality and Cost Among Patients in Progressive Care With Cardiovascular Disease: Experience From a Large Healthcare System
Authors: Anshul Saxena, Donna Armaignac, Muni Rubens, Carlos Valle, Khurram Nasir, Emir Veledar
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Tele-ICU monitoring in Progressive Care Units (TPCU) is expected to provide high standard of care at a lower cost without negatively impacting patient outcomes. We studied the effect of...
Abstract P068: Cigarette Smoking and Peripheral Arterial Disease in African Americans of the Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Michael E Hall, Wei Wang, Victoria Okhomina, Wendy White, Daisuke Kamimura, Michael J Blaha, Andrew P DeFilippis, Donald Clark, Mahmoud Al Rifai, John Winscott, Rose M Robertson, Aruni Bhatnagar, Michael D Winniford, Adolfo Correa
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: African Americans are more than twice as likely to develop peripheral arterial disease (PAD) compared to whites. Increased rates of hypertension, obesity and diabetes may account for some of these differences; however other factors such as cigarette smoking, which is understudied in African Americans, may play an important role. Aim: To evaluate the relationship between cigarette smoking and PAD in African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS). Methods: JHS participants (n=5,301) were classified by self-reported smoking status into current, past (smoked at least 400 cigarettes/life) or never smokers. Multivariate logistic and robust linear regression models were used to estimate the associations between smoking status at baseline and measures of subclinical PAD [carotid intimal medial thickness (CIMT, visit 1), ankle-brachial index (ABI, visit 1) and aortic calcium by computed tomography (visit 2)] to yield odds ratios (OR) and β-coefficients (estimated adjusted difference) to compare each smoking status to never smokers (reference group). Results: There were 3579 never smokers, 986 past smokers and 693 current smokers identified at baseline. After adjustment for covariates, past and current smokers had an increased risk of ABI &lt; 1, increased CIMT and increased abdominal aortic and aorto-iliac calcium (all p&lt;0.05, Table). Furthermore, current smokers smoking more than 20 cigarettes daily (1 pack) had a higher risk of PAD by all of these measures compared to current smokers smoking 1-19 cigarettes daily suggesting a dose-dependent relationship. Conclusions: In a large prospective African American cohort, current cigarette smoking was independently associated with measures of PAD in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, cigarette smoking was most strongly associated with abdominal aortic and aorto-iliac calcification. Current smoking is a strong predictor of subclinical PAD in African Americans and smoking cessation should be recommended.
Episodic memory and consciousness in antisocial personality disorder and conduct disorder
Authors: Franco Fabbro, Cristiano Crescentini
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2018)

Abstract Episodic memory is one of the most significant sources of information of humans. It entails cooperative and linguistic skills and, as Mahr &amp; Csibra (M&amp;C) note, the capacity to ground veridical beliefs about the past. In some psychiatric disorders (antisocial personality disorder and conduct disorder), it was found that the habit of lying is associated with episodic memory and consciousness deficits.
Automated Chart Review for Identifying Factors Associated with Childhood Asthma by Utilizing Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Chung-Il Wi, So-Hyun Lee, Sungrim Moon, Hee Yun Seol, Sunghwan Sohn, Euijung Ryu, Hongfang Liu, Young J. Juhn
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Liver-Directed Gene Therapy for Hemophilia B with Immune Stealth Lentiviral Vectors
Authors: Alessio Cantore, Michela Milani, Andrea Annoni, Tongyao Liu, Sara Bartolaccini, Mauro Biffi, Fabio Russo, Robert Peters, Angelo Lombardo, Timothy C. Nichols, Eduard Ayuso, Luigi Naldini
Journal: Blood (2017)
Cell of origin affects tumour development and phenotype in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Alex Y L Lee, Claire L Dubois, Karnjit Sarai, Soheila Zarei, David F Schaeffer, Maike Sander, Janel L Kopp
Journal: Gut (2018)

Objective Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive tumour thought to arise from ductal cells via pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) precursor lesions. Modelling of different genetic events in mice suggests both ductal and acinar cells can give rise to PDAC. However, the impact of cellular context alone on tumour development and phenotype is unknown. Design We examined the contribution of cellular origin to PDAC development by inducing PDAC-associated mutations, Kras G12D expression and Trp53 loss, specifically in ductal cells ( Sox9CreER;Kras LSL-G12D ;Trp53 flox/flox (‘ Duct:KP cKO ’)) or acinar cells ( Ptf1a CreER ;Kras LSL-G12D ;Trp53 flox/flox (‘ Acinar:KP cKO ’)) in mice. We then performed a thorough analysis of the resulting histopathological changes. Results Both mouse models developed PDAC, but Duct:KP cKO mice developed PDAC earlier than Acinar:KP cKO mice. Tumour development was more rapid and associated with high-grade murine PanIN (mPanIN) lesions in Duct:KP cKO mice. In contrast, Acinar:KP cKO mice exhibited widespread metaplasia and low-grade as well as high-grade mPanINs with delayed progression to PDAC. Acinar-cell-derived tumours also had a higher prevalence of mucinous glandular features reminiscent of early mPanIN lesions. Conclusion These findings indicate that ductal cells are primed to form carcinoma in situ that become invasive PDAC in the presence of oncogenic Kras and Trp53 deletion, while acinar cells with the same mutations appear to require a prolonged period of transition or reprogramming to initiate PDAC. Our findings illustrate that PDAC can develop in multiple ways and the cellular context in which mutations are acquired has significant impact on precursor lesion initiation, disease progression and tumour phenotype.
D-Dimer Predicts Long-Term Cause-Specific Mortality, Cardiovascular Events, and Cancer in Patients With Stable Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: John Simes, Kristy P. Robledo, Harvey D. White, David Espinoza, Ralph A. Stewart, David R. Sullivan, Tanja Zeller, Wendy Hague, Paul J. Nestel, Paul P. Glasziou, Anthony C. Keech, John Elliott, Stefan Blankenberg, Andrew M. Tonkin
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: D-dimer, a degradation product of cross-linked fibrin, is a marker for hypercoagulability and thrombotic events. Moderately elevated levels of D-dimer are associated with the risk of venous and arterial events in patients with vascular disease. We assessed the role of D-dimer levels in predicting long-term vascular outcomes, cause-specific mortality, and new cancers in the LIPID trial (Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease) in the context of other risk factors. Methods: LIPID randomized patients to placebo or pravastatin 40 mg/d 5 to 38 months after myocardial infarction or unstable angina. D-dimer levels were measured at baseline and at 1 year. Median follow-up was 6.0 years during the trial and 16 years in total. Results: Baseline D-dimer levels for 7863 patients were grouped by quartile (≤112, 112–173, 173–273, &gt;273 ng/mL). Higher levels were associated with older age, female sex, history of hypertension, poor renal function, and elevated levels of B-natriuretic peptide, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and sensitive troponin I (each P &lt;0.001). During the first 6 years, after adjustment for up to 30 additional risk factors, higher D-dimer was associated with a significantly increased risk of a major coronary event (quartile 4 versus 1: hazard ratio [HR], 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.21–1.74), major cardiovascular disease (CVD) event (HR, 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.23–1.71) and venous thromboembolism (HR, 4.03; 95% confidence interval, 2.31–7.03; each P &lt;0.001). During the 16 years overall, higher D-dimer was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.59), CVD mortality (HR, 1.61), cancer mortality (HR, 1.54), and non-CVD noncancer mortality (HR, 1.57; each P &lt;0.001), remaining significant for deaths resulting from each cause occurring beyond 10 years of follow-up (each P ≤0.01). Higher D-dimer also independently predicted an increase in cancer incidence (HR, 1.16; P =0.02).The D-dimer level increased the net reclassification index for all-cause mortality by 4.0 and venous thromboembolism by 13.6. Conclusions: D-dimer levels predict long-term risk of arterial and venous events, CVD mortality, and non-CVD noncancer mortality independent of other risk factors. D-dimer is also a significant predictor of cancer incidence and mortality. These results support an association of D-dimer with fatal events across multiple diseases and demonstrate that this link extends beyond 10 years’ follow-up.
Apoptosis Induction and Cell Cycle Profiling after Treatment with Low-Dose Decitabine and/or Bortezomib in the AML Cell Line Kasumi-1
Authors: Vassiliki Mpakou, Aris Spathis, Athanassios Velentzas, Frieda Kontsioti, Anthi Bouhla, Konstantinos Gkodopoulos, Georgia Stavroulaki, Irene Glezou, Sotirios Papageorgiou, Efthimia Bazani, Diamantina Vasilatou, Argiris Symeonidis, George Dimitriadis, Vassiliki Pappa
Journal: Blood (2017)
Web-Based Stress Management for Newly Diagnosed Patients With Cancer (STREAM): A Randomized, Wait-List Controlled Intervention Study
Authors: Corinne Urech, Astrid Grossert, Judith Alder, Sandra Scherer, Barbara Handschin, Benjamin Kasenda, Borislava Borislavova, Sven Degen, Jennifer Erb, Alexandra Faessler, Laura Gattlen, Sarah Schibli, Celine Werndli, Jens Gaab, Thomas Berger, Thomas Zumbrunn, Viviane Hess
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

Purpose Being diagnosed with cancer causes major psychological distress; however, a majority of patients lack psychological support during this critical period. Internet interventions help patients overcome many barriers to seeking face-to-face support and may thus close this gap. We assessed feasibility and efficacy of Web-based stress management (STREAM [Stress-Aktiv-Mindern]) for newly diagnosed patients with cancer. Patients and Methods In a randomized controlled trial, patients with cancer who had started first-line treatment within the previous 12 weeks were randomly assigned to a therapist-guided Web-based intervention or a wait-list (control), stratified according to distress level (≥ 5 v &lt; 5 on scale of 0 to 10). Primary efficacy end point was quality of life after the intervention (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue). Secondary end points included distress (Distress Thermometer) and anxiety or depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Treatment effect was assessed with analyses of covariance, adjusted for baseline distress. Results A total of 222 of 229 screened patients applied online for participation. Between September 2014 and November 2016, 129 newly diagnosed patients with cancer, including 92 women treated for breast cancer, were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 65) or control (n = 64) group. Adherence was good, with 80.0% of patients using ≥ six of eight modules. Psychologists spent 13.3 minutes per week (interquartile range, 9.5-17.9 minutes per week) per patient for online guidance. After the intervention, quality of life was significantly higher (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue: mean, 8.59 points; 95% CI, 2.45 to 14.73 points; P = .007) and distress significantly lower (Distress Thermometer: mean, −0.85; 95% CI, −1.60 to −0.10; P = .03) in the intervention group as compared with the control. Changes in anxiety or depression were not significant in the intention-to-treat population (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: mean, −1.28; 95% CI, −3.02 to 0.45; P = .15). Quality of life increased in the control group with the delayed intervention. Conclusion The Web-based stress management program STREAM is feasible and effective in improving quality of life.
Abstract 13799: Loperamide; An Old Drug With Deadly New Consequences
Authors: Mohamed Abdelrahman, Clayton Jones, Randle Storm, Kathleen Zazzali, Karim Al-Azizi, Jess Oren
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Loperamide is an over the counter (OTC) opioid-like antidiarrheal originally presumed to lack central nervous system effects, however recent reports have shown that, at supra-therapeutic doses, loperamide can cross the Blood Brain barrier and have opioid-like effect. In this case series we review the clinical course of two patients with life-threatening arrhythmia secondary to loperamide abuse. Case One: A 37 year old female with congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) presented to the emergency room (ER) with syncope; monitoring revealed incessant Torsades des Points (TdP); QTc was 678 msec on 12-lead EKG and electrolytes were normal, and drug screen was negative. She admitted to taking up to 120mg/day of loperamide recently for relief of chronic back pain. Acutely she was administered intravenous magnesium and admitted to the hospital; and over the following six days her QTc gradually trended down to 478 msec (similar to baseline) at which point she was discharged. Case Two: A 24 year old male with LQTS presented with an episode of TdP during tooth extraction, and continued to have TdP in the ER. He had received anti-emetics (known to cause QT prolongation) prior to his tooth extraction, but also admitted to taking up to 200mg/day of loperamide over the past 1-2 months. In the setting of a modestly prolonged QTc (520 msec), he continued to have TdP refractory to magnesium and required trans-venous overdrive pacing to suppress the arrhythmia over the following 48 hours. He eventually stabilized, and was discharged on hospital day five with a QTc of 474 msec. Discussion: Referred to as “poor man’s methadone", loperamide has been available OTC since 1988. It is inexpensive (circa $10 for 400 2mg tablets) and universally available, leading to increasing frequency of abuse. It may not be detected on routine drug screening, but its abuse should still be considered in patients with TdP or prolonged QT interval.
Abstract 12018: Cardiac Ultrasound Performed During Cardiac Arrest has Potential to Detect Pulmonary Embolism as a Reversible Cause of Cardiac Arrest when Compared to Hypoxia and Ventricular Fibrillation - A Randomized Porcine Study
Authors: Rasmus Aagaard, Philip Caap, Nicolaj C Hansson, Morten T Bøtker, Asger Granfeldt, Bo Løfgren
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Survival from non-shockable cardiac arrest is unlikely unless a reversible cause is identified and treated. Guidelines state that ultrasound has the potential to identify reversible causes. Currently, ultrasonographic findings from patients with spontaneous circulation are extrapolated to patients in cardiac arrest. While right ventricular (RV) dilation is a finding normally associated with pulmonary embolism (PE), porcine studies have shown that RV dilation is also seen in ventricular fibrillation (VF) and severe hypoxia. No studies have investigated how causes of cardiac arrest affect RV size during resuscitation. Hypothesis: The RV diameter is larger during resuscitation of cardiac arrest caused by PE when compared to hypoxia and VF. Methods: Pigs were anesthetized and randomized to cardiac arrest induced by VF, hypoxia, or PE. Advanced life support (ALS) was preceded by 7 minutes of untreated cardiac arrest. Cardiac ultrasound images of the RV from a subcostal 5-chamber view were obtained during induction of cardiac arrest and ALS. The RV diameter was measured two centimeters from the aortic valve at end diastole. RV diameter at 3rd rhythm analysis was the primary endpoint. Based on pilot studies a sample size of 8 animals in each group was needed. Results: Eight animals were included in each group. RV diameter was not statistically different at baseline (mean (95%CI)) in VF: 19.8 (18.0-21.5) mm, hypoxia: 19.8 (16.6-22.9) mm, and PE: 21.8 (19.2-24.3) mm. During induction of cardiac arrest the RV diameter increased to 29.6 (27.3-31.9) mm in the hypoxia group and 38.0 (33.4-42.6) mm in the PE group (difference to baseline and between groups, both p&lt;0.01). Induction of VF caused an immediate increase in the RV diameter to 25.0 (21.2-28.8) mm (difference to baseline p&lt;0.01). At 3rd rhythm analysis, RV diameter was 32.4 (28.6-36.2) mm in the PE group, which was significantly larger than both the hypoxia group at 23.3 (19.5-27.0) mm and the VF group at 24.9 (22.2-27.5) mm (difference between groups p&lt;0.01). Conclusions: Cardiac arrest due to VF, hypoxia, and PE all caused an increase in RV diameter. During resuscitation the RV was larger in PE compared to VF and hypoxia. Cardiac ultrasound thus has the potential to detect PE during resuscitation.
Consolidation with Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplant in First Remission Improves Overall Survival in Younger Patients with Mantle Cell Lymphoma in the Rituximab Era
Authors: James Nathan Gerson, Stefan Klaus Barta, Diego Villa, Alina S Gerrie, Shaoying Li, Jeffrey Medeiros, Michael Wang, Brian T. Hill, Yazeed Sawalha, Francisco J. Hernandez-Ilizaliturri, Shalin Kothari, Julie M Vose, Timothy S. Fenske, Swapna Narayana Rao, Kami J. Maddocks, David A Bond, Frederick Lansigan, Timothy Burns, Alexandra M Donovan, Amitkumar Mehta, Nishitha Reddy, Daniel J. Landsburg, Martha Glenn, David James Inwards, Kay Ristow, Reem Karmali, Jason Kaplan, Elvira Umyarova, Bhargavi Pulluri, Jennifer E Amengual, Jennifer Kimberly Lue, Paolo Caimi, Jonathon B Cohen, Oscar Calzada, Elizabeth Handorf, Jennifer Kelly Anderson, Parv Chapani, Veronika Bachanova, Saurabh Rajguru, Michael C Churnetski, Catherine Diefenbach, Martin Bast, Alexandra E. Kovach
Journal: Blood (2017)
A Multicenter, Phase II Study of Ibrutinib Plus FCR (iFCR) As Frontline Therapy for Younger CLL Patients
Authors: Matthew S. Davids, Haesook T Kim, Danielle M. Brander, Jad Bsat, Alexandra Savell, Karen Francoeur, Caron Jacobson, Samuel Y. Ng, Ann S LaCasce, Ephraim P. Hochberg, Ronald W. Takvorian, Jeremy S. Abramson, David C. Fisher, Jennifer R. Brown
Journal: Blood (2017)
Abstract 20412: Improvements in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in STEMI Care: AHA Mission LifeLine Program in South Florida
Authors: Abdulla A Damluji, Vasutakarn Chongthammakun, Theodore Feldman, Donald G Rosenberg, Mauricio G Cohen, Mauro Moscucci, Robert Myerburg
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Ethnic disparities in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) care exist. We aim to examine health outcomes by ethnicity after implementation of AHA STEMI network.   Methods:  As part of the AHA Mission LifeLine program, six Emergency Medical Systems (EMS) in South Florida organized a conference with CEOs of 14 hospitals providing primary PCI for STEMI. Participation in STEMI network required direct commitment to provide timely PCI, defined as a door to balloon (D2B) time of    Results:  From 04/2007 until 12/2015, a total of 5,507 patients had STEMI and received primary PCI in South Florida. Of those 1,372 (27%) were females with a median age of 62 [53, 73] years. Time metrics decreased steadily over time [(1) Median EMS to ED time (2007: 37 vs. 2015: 31 mins, p    Conclusion:  Door to balloon time in network is lower than what has been previously reported. AHA Mission Lifeline STEMI network through EMS can result in improvement in ethnic disparities of STEMI care.
Order from chaos: unravelling the determinants of mixed martial arts performance (PhD Academy Award)
Authors: Lachlan Peter James
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

I explored the technical, physiological and biomechanical determinants of performance in a highly complex yet under-researched sport, mixed martial arts (MMA).

Successful performance in MMA is likely due to a complex interaction of an array of technical, mechanical and physiological factors. Despite this complexity and the sport’s considerable popularity, there has yet to be a series of thorough investigations into the determinants of MMA performance.1 Identifying primary physical qualities and understanding their development can play a vital role in informing training strategies.2 

My thesis consisted of four major investigations:

In study 1, I determined the techniques and combat strategies that had the greatest influence on achieving victory at the elite level of MMA. Decision tree induction (chi-square automatic interaction detector (CHAID)) was applied to a representative sample containing performance indicators from 234 Ultimate Fighting …