tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Late systemic symptom (SS) frequency in head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors as measured by the Vanderbilt Head and Neck Symptom Survey – General Symptoms Subscale (GSS).
Authors: Elizabeth Marie Wulff-Burchfield, Mary S. Dietrich, Barbara A. Murphy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

6094 Background: Neuroinflammation and central sensitization from cancer and its therapy may result in late SS. Studies of SS in HNC survivors are lacking, due in part to the absence of comprehensive, targeted tools. The GSS was developed to meet this need and promote research in this arena. We are conducting a mixed-methods, cross-sectional, descriptive study in HNC survivors to validate the GSS. Methods: Inclusion: Cancer-free HNC patients age > 20, greater than 1 year post treatment. Procedures: Patients completed self-report measures, including the GSS, Profile of Mood States – Short Form, Neurotoxicity Rating Scale, Body Image Quality of Life Inventory, and a Quality of Life scale. Patients with moderate-to-severe SS, as determined by a score of ≥ 4 on at least one GSS item, were offered participation in a structured interview exploring impact. Statistics: Frequency distributions were used to summarize patient characteristics and GSS item responses. Results: 66 patients out of a planned 100 have been recruited to date. Patient characteristics: male 77%, Caucasian 95%, median age 63.8 years, and median time since last treatment 38 months. 52% of patients experienced one or more moderate-to-severe SS. SS frequencies (percent of patients experiencing any grade / percent of patients experiencing moderate-to-severe) were as follows: fatigue 41%/20%, with 21% reporting moderate-to-severe effects on daily life; trouble falling asleep 33%/8%; trouble staying asleep 48%/22%; unexplained sweating 20%/8%; feeling hot 30%/5%; feeling cold 49%/22%; weight loss 15%/2%; anorexia 22%/11%; memory or thought processing problems 46%/20%; sadness or depression 30%/8%; anxiety 36%/11%; widespread pain 50%/23%, with 12% reporting average pain ≥ 4/10 within 1 week of enrollment. Qualitative data regarding the impact of SS will be presented. Conclusions: The frequency, severity and significance of late SS in HNC survivors is substantial and mitigation is essential. Areas of needed research include prevention of neuroinflammatory toxicities, treatments minimizing symptom burden, and support programs for those destined to survive with complex late effects.
A comparison of potency of and intracellular signaling events provoked by, small molecule and protein-based mpl agonists
Authors: C. Hartley, G. Dyas, I. Archibeque, A. Al-Assaad, B. Sun, P. Lincoln, J. Zhan, T. Arvedson, G. Molineux
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e14624 Background: Thrombopoietin (TPO) interacts with its receptor (mpl) to initiate signal transduction and increase platelet production. Other mpl agonists have been developed for clinical use: MDGF (a recombinant protein) and romiplostim (a peptibody) are protein-based mpl agonists; eltrombopag (a small molecule) is a nonpeptide mpl agonist. Methods: Mpl agonists were compared for their ability to induce cellular responses and activate relevant signaling pathways in mpl-expressing cells. Proliferation was assessed by ATP bioluminescence in Baf3/mpl cells treated with mpl agonists for 2 days. Differentiation was assessed by flow cytometric-detection of CD41 and CD61 expression on human CD34+ cells cultured with mpl agonists for 7 days. Activation of signaling pathways was determined by Western blot analysis of proteins from serum-starved Baf3/mpl cells treated with mpl agonists for 20 minutes. Experiments were repeated 3 or more times. Results: The TPO concentration that produced a half-maximal (EC50) proliferative response of Baf3/mpl cells was comparable with that of romiplostim (Table). In contrast, a 30-fold greater concentration of MGDF and a 2,000-fold greater concentration of small molecule were required to produce the same degree of proliferation. In addition, a 1,000,000-fold greater concentration of small molecule compared with romiplostim was required to produce an EC50 for differentiation of CD34+ cells. Mpl agonists activated identical signaling pathways in Baf3/mpl cells: a similar dose-response for phosphorylation of JAK2, Stat3, Stat5, Erk1/2, and AKT was observed at their respective EC10, EC50, and EC100 concentrations. Conclusions: In Baf3/mpl cells, the small molecule was between 1,000- and 1,000,000-fold less potent than protein-based mpl agonists when corrected for molecular mass differences. Small molecule and protein-based mpl agonists were indistinguishable when mpl intracellular signaling was compared at similarly effective concentrations. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Pathologic Outcomes of Laparoscopic vs Open Mesorectal Excision for Rectal Cancer
Authors: Sergio A. Acuna, Tyler R. Chesney, Nancy N. Baxter
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Epigenetic and chromatin-based mechanisms in environmental stress adaptation and stress memory in plants
Authors: Jörn Lämke, Isabel Bäurle
Journal: Genome biology (2017)

Plants frequently have to weather both biotic and abiotic stressors, and have evolved sophisticated adaptation and defense mechanisms. In recent years, chromatin modifications, nucleosome positioning, and DNA methylation have been recognized as important components in these adaptations. Given their potential epigenetic nature, such modifications may provide a mechanistic basis for a stress memory, enabling plants to respond more efficiently to recurring stress or even to prepare their offspring for potential future assaults. In this review, we discuss both the involvement of chromatin in stress responses and the current evidence on somatic, intergenerational, and transgenerational stress memory.
Effect of long-term intraperitoneal chemotherapy for patients with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma on survival.
Authors: Paul H. Sugarbaker, David Chang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e18541 Background: Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare disease with about 300 new cases per year in the USA. Its natural history is described as local progression within the peritoneal space and rarely disseminates by direct extension. Large variations in the aggressiveness of the disease can usually be predicted by the histology obtained prior to definitive treatment. Methods: Over a period of 20 years, protocols investigating efficacy of additional chemotherapy treatments added to cytoreductive surgery (CRS) have been initiated. CRS is a series of peritonectomy procedures and visceral resections with a goal of completely removing all visible disease from the abdomen and pelvis. Hyperthermic perioperative chemotherapy (HIPEC) with doxorubicin and cisplatin is used with heat in the operating room. Early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC) with paclitaxel has prolonged retention within the peritoneal space. A new treatment modality is long-term intraperitoneal (IP) pemetrexed plus systemic cisplatin. Results: The projected overall survival at 10 years of 12 patients treated with CRS and HIPEC with cisplatin and doxorubicin was 25%. In a second protocol enrolling 59 patients, a 5-day EPIC with paclitaxel was added to HIPEC and improved 10-year survival to 37%. A third group of 29 sequentially treated patients received HIPEC, EPIC, and long-term IP Alimta plus systemic cisplatin for 6 cycles; the projected 10-year survival was 73% (p = 0.0276). Significant prognostic variables of gender, tumor grade, lymph node status, extent of prior surgery, and completeness of cytoreduction were evenly distributed within the three groups of patients. Conclusions: Increasingly aggressive IP and intravenous (IV) chemotherapy was associated with added benefits in patients with diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. In this rare disease, prospective and randomized trials may be impossible. Additional phase 2 investigations with HIPEC, EPIC, and long-term IP pemetrexed plus IV cisplatin are indicated.
Abstract 235: Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Decreases Myocardial Hydration Potential Without Changing Flow Resistance in the Interstitial Matrix
Authors: Maria P McGee, Michael Morykwas, James Jordan, Louis Argenta
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

Interstitial edema is an early response to myocardial ischemia, leading to fibrosis and remodeling in several heart failure conditions. We aimed to clarify whether osmotic, frictional, or mechanical forces drive fluid accumulation. Equilibrium and dynamic interstitial hydration parameters were determined, compared, and analyzed using osmotic stress approaches in explants from ischemic and nonischemic myocardial regions of pig heart. They were isolated after injury induced by ligating 3-4 branches of the left anterior descending coronary artery, for 85 min followed by 3 hours’ reperfusion. Their volume changed (Δ V max ) linearly with colloidosmotic pressure in both ischemic and nonischemic areas, yielding interstitial compliance values of 1.04 ± 0.09 and 1.08 ± 0.05 µl/g/ mmHg , which do not differ significantly, and hydration potentials from the abscissa intercepts at Δ V max = 0, of -121.4 ± 28 and -14.7 ± 7.6 mmHg, which do (mean ± SE, n = 5 , P-value = 0.001). These hydration potential differences manifest ex-vivo influx rates 8.5 ± 2.7- fold slower in ischemic than nonischemic myocardium. Surprisingly, interstitial flow resistance values derived from net-flow rates at an imposed pressure difference of 216 mmHg were 0.23 ± 0.08 and 0.19 ± 0.01 µl -1 . g. min and did not differ significantly between the areas. The similarity in interstitial compliance and fluid resistance indicates that the more negative hydration potential and faster efflux rates in at-risk regions after reperfusion are due to increased hydrostatic pressure rather than decreased osmotic or frictional forces. Tissue distends due to interstitial fluid accumulation against matrix mechanical forces, including elastic recoil of the collagen elastin mesh and fibroblast action, consistent with impaired drainage and persistent diastolic-like conditions during reperfusion of at-risk areas in vivo . These results indicate changes in pressure gradient magnitude and may have clinical and therapeutic implications; for example, reversal of paracrine interstitial flows during early remodeling
In-Field Nodal Relapse after Irradiation for Locally Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Is There a Dose-Effect Relationship?
Authors: Lisa Van den Bosch, Gilles Defraene, Stephanie Peeters, Christophe Dooms, Walter De Weyer, Christophe Deroose, Dirk De Ruysscher
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2015)
Archaic Hominin Introgression in Africa Contributes to Functional Salivary MUC7 Genetic Variation
Authors: Duo Xu, Pavlos Pavlidis, Recep Ozgur Taskent, Nikolaos Alachiotis, Colin Flanagan, Michael DeGiorgio, Ran Blekhman, Stefan Ruhl, Omer Gokcumen
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2017)

One of the most abundant proteins in human saliva, mucin-7, is encoded by the MUC7 gene, which harbors copy number variable subexonic repeats (PTS-repeats) that affect the size and glycosylation potential of this protein. We recently documented the adaptive evolution of MUC7 subexonic copy number variation among primates. Yet, the evolution of MUC7 genetic variation in humans remained unexplored. Here, we found that PTS-repeat copy number variation has evolved recurrently in the human lineage, thereby generating multiple haplotypic backgrounds carrying five or six PTS-repeat copy number alleles. Contrary to previous studies, we found no associations between the copy number of PTS-repeats and protection against asthma. Instead, we revealed a significant association of MUC7 haplotypic variation with the composition of the oral microbiome. Furthermore, based on in-depth simulations, we conclude that a divergent MUC7 haplotype likely originated in an unknown African hominin population and introgressed into ancestors of modern Africans.
Effects of Radon and UV Exposure on Skin Cancer Mortality in Switzerland
Authors: Danielle Vienneau, Kees de Hoogh, Dimitri Hauri, Ana M. Vicedo-Cabrera, Christian Schindler, Anke Huss, Martin Röösli
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2017)

Skin cancer incidence in Switzerland is among the highest in the world. In addition to exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, radon alpha particles attached to aerosols can adhere to the skin and potentially cause carcinogenic effects.We investigated the effects of radon and UV exposure on skin cancer mortality.Cox proportional hazard regression was used to study the association between exposures and skin cancer mortality in adults from the Swiss National Cohort. Modeled radon exposure and erythemal-weighted UV dose were assigned to addresses at baseline. Effect estimates were adjusted for sex, civil status, mother tongue, education, job position, neighborhood socioeconomic position, and UV exposure from outdoor occupation.The study included 5.2 million adults (mean age 48 y) and 2,989 skin cancer deaths, with 1,900 indicating malignant melanoma (MM) as the primary cause of death. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for MM at age 60 were 1.16 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.29) per 100 Bq/m3 radon and 1.11 (1.01, 1.23) per W/m2 in UV dose. Radon effects decreased with age. Risk of MM death associated with residential UV exposure was higher for individuals engaged in outdoor work with UV exposure (HR 1.94 [1.17, 3.23]), though not statistically significantly different compared to not working outdoors (HR 1.09 [0.99, 1.21], p=0.09).There is considerable variation in radon and UV exposure across Switzerland. Our study suggests both are relevant risk factors for skin cancer mortality. A better understanding of the role of the UV radiation and radon exposure is of high public health relevance. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP825.
The best overall response to the first-line but not to the second-line treatment correlates with outcome of metastatic right-sided and left-sided colon cancer
Authors: Ingrid Garajová, Giorgio Frega, Andrea Palloni, Francesca Abbati, Maria Massucci, Veronica Mollica, Giovanni Brandi, Guido Biasco
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Peanut-specific type 1 regulatory T cells induced in vitro from allergic subjects are functionally impaired
Authors: Laurence Pellerin, Jennifer Anne Jenks, Sharon Chinthrajah, Tina Dominguez, Whitney Block, Xiaoying Zhou, Arram Noshirvan, Silvia Gregori, Maria Grazia Roncarolo, Kari Christine Nadeau, Rosa Bacchetta
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)
Localisation of a Novel Cathepsin L Isoform in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: S Sullivan, J O'Sullivan, A Coss, M Tosetto, L Wang, D O'Donoghue, J Hyland, D Fennelly, K Sheahan, H Mulcahy
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Background: Cathepsin L is a lysosomal cysteine protease which functions in degrading proteins. Its cellular localisation and functional role in colorectal cancer progression is unknown. Nuclear localisation of Cathespin L has not been documented in colorectal cancer.
The Application of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Long Term Use
Authors: D Cawley, MJ Harrison, H Nassim, A Sheik, G O'Mara
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Proton Pump Inhibitors are commonly prescribed for patients with abdominal discomfort. As well as other medications, other interventions include endoscopy and breath testing. Empirical PPI treatment is not warranted for long term use without review.
Comparison of barriers against mammography screening in socioeconomically two contrarious populations.
Authors: Tolga Ozmen, Atilla Soran, Vahit Ozmen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e13036 Background: Despite of increase in incidence and mortality, breast cancer (BC) awareness remains low and heterogenous in low-middle income countries. The aim of this study is to compare barriers against mammography screening (MS) in two contraries socioeconomical status (SES) populations living in Turkey. Methods: We compared two population-based studies investigating breast health practices and barriers against MS. The first study was conducted in Bahcesehir (Istanbul), which is socioeconomically the most developed city in Turkey. The second study was conducted in Mus, which is socioeconomically the least developed city in Turkey. The population living in Bahcesehir can be compared with the populations of eastern european countries, while the population in Mus can be compared with middle east countries. Results: MS rate (49% vs. 35%, p < 0.001) was higher in Bahcesehir. In Mus < 50 years of age, having no insurance and having no comorbidities were associated with lower MS rates. In Bahcesehir > 60 years of age, being widowed, no literacy, monthly income < hunger threshold, limited insurance coverage and not working were associated with lower MS rates. Both in Mus and Bahcesehir not reading daily newspaper, having no breast symptoms, not making annual OB-GYN visits were associated with lower MS rates. In Mus having BC history in family and in Bahcesehir having a friend with BC increased MS rates. Television was the most common info source on BC in both populations. Getting informed on BC by doctors was correlated with higher MS rates in both populations. Knowledge on BC being the most common cancer in females increased MS rates, while the false belief of MS causing BC decreased MS rates in both populations. Conclusions: Most commonly encountered barriers against MS were low education and low income levels and having no/limited insurance both in low and high SES populations. Also in low SES populations women < 40 years old and in high SES populations > 60 years old and widowed women should be especially targeted while designing BC awareness programs. Audiovisual media should be used efficiently. Physicians from all specialties should refer their patients to MS.
ALLOMETRICALLY SCALED H:Q RATIOS: TIME TO SHARPEN OUR VISION CONCERNING STRENGTH RATIOS AS INJURY RISK FACTOR!
Authors: Rafeeuddin Radin, Raihana Sharir, Mark Robinson, Keith George, Greg Atkinson, Lorenzo Lolli, Matt Konopinski, Jos Vanrenterghem
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background Our recent systematic review showed that prospective studies found contradicting results concerning hamstring-quadriceps (H:Q) strength ratios as a risk factor for ACL injuries. All studies that express hamstring relative to quadriceps strength assume a proportional relationship yet this is not likely. Objective i) To investigate if the H:Q strength relationship is proportional in athlete populations and ii) To evaluate the differences in participant rankings between the traditional way of calculating H:Q ratios and allometrically scaled H:Q ratios. Design Controlled laboratory study. Setting The study was conducted both in a club and biomechanics laboratory setting . Participants 71 male elite football athletes, 55 male recreational athletes and 48 female recreational athletes participated in the study. Assessment of Risk Factors Concentric hamstring and quadriceps strength (Hcon and Qcon), and eccentric hamstring strength (Hecc) were tested in participants' dominant and non-dominant limbs using isokinetic dynamometry at an angular velocity of 60°/s. Main Outcome Measurements i) Allometric exponents (AE) of the Hcon:Qcon and Hecc:Qcon relationships and ii) Chi-square relationships between population rankings based on the traditional H:Q ratios and the allometrically scaled H:Q ratios. Results i) Linear regression analyses showed that the Hcon:Qcon and Hecc:Qcon relationships were systematically non-proportional (AE ranged between 0.61 and 0.84) and ii) correcting H:Q ratios based on an average allometric exponent (0.65 for Hcon:Qcon and 0.78 for Hecc:Qcon) successfully removed bias from quadriceps strength, and significantly altered population rankings. Conclusions Quadriceps strength meaningfully affects H:Q ratios, causing bias in proportionally scaled H:Q ratios. Unless if quadriceps strength itself is a risk factor, allometrically scaled H:Q ratios are a superior measure of H:Q strength (im)balance for injury risk analyses in athlete populations.
Abstract 18185: Increased Intima-Media Thickness in Children With Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Greta Goldsmith, Jane E Munro, Diana Zannino, Jonathan D Akikusa, Roger C Allen, Justine A Ellis, Katherine Y Chen, Jane Koleff, Michael Cheung, David P Burgner
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: In adults, inflammatory arthritides are associated with increased cardiovascular disease and intermediate cardiovascular risk phenotypes. There are less data on cardiovascular risk in...
Bile Acid Deficiency in a Subgroup of Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Constipation Based on Biomarkers in Serum and Fecal Samples
Authors: Priya Vijayvargiya, Irene Busciglio, Duane Burton, Leslie Donato, Alan Lueke, Michael Camilleri
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2017)
HTLV-1 Proviral Load after Two Months' Treatment with Anti-CCR4 Monoclonal Antibody Mogamulizumab Predicts a Molecular Response to Disease and Durable Clinical Remission in Leukaemic Subtypes of Adult T-Cell Leukaemia/Lymphoma
Authors: Lucy B Cook, Aileen G Rowan, Maria Antonietta Demontis, Sasha Marks, Charles R. M. Bangham, Paul Fields, Graham P. Taylor
Journal: Blood (2016)
Diffuse Thyroid Metastasis From Lung Cancer Mimicking Thyroiditis on 99mTc-Pertechnetate Scintigraphy
Authors: Rui Gao, Shan Gao, Jinteng Feng, Yuanbo Wang, Guangjian Zhang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2017)

Possible thyroiditis was suspected in a 56-year-old man who initially presented sore throat because laboratory examinations revealed decreased serum thyroid hormone and the 99mTc-pertechnetate scintigraphy showed no tracer uptake by the thyroid gland. However, subsequent examination demonstrated that the absence of pertechnetate activity in the thyroid was due to complete replacement of thyroid gland by the metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma, which was unknown at the initial presentation.