tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic relevance of IgE sensitization profiles to eight recombinant <i>Phleum pratense</i> molecules
Authors: F. Cipriani, C. Mastrorilli, S. Tripodi, G. Ricci, S. Perna, V. Panetta, R. Asero, A. Dondi, A. Bianchi, N. Maiello, M. Miraglia del Giudice, T. Frediani, F. Macrì, S. Lucarelli, I. Dello Iacono, M. F. Patria, E. Varin, D. Peroni, L. Chini, V. Moschese, R. Bernardini, G. Pingitore, U. Pelosi, M. Tosca, F. Paravati, I. Sfika, A. Di Rienzo Businco, C. Povesi Dascola, P. Comberiati, S. Frediani, C. Lambiase, M. C. Verga, D. Faggian, M. Plebani, M. Calvani, C. Caffarelli, P. M. Matricardi
Journal: Allergy (2017)

Grass pollen-related seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (SARg) is clinically heterogeneous in severity, comorbidities, and response to treatment. The component-resolved diagnostics disclosed also a high heterogeneity at molecular level. Our study aimed at analyzing the characteristics of the IgE sensitization to Phleum pratense molecules and investigating the diagnostic relevance of such molecules in childhood.We examined 1120 children (age 4-18 years) with SARg. Standardized questionnaires on atopy were acquired through informatics platform (AllergyCARD™). Skin prick tests were performed with pollen extracts. Serum IgE to airborne allergens and eight P. pratense molecules (rPhl p 1, rPhl p 2, rPhl p 4, rPhl p 5b, rPhl p 6, rPhl p 7, rPhl p 11, rPhl p 12) were tested by ImmunoCAP FEIA.The analysis of IgE responses against eight P. pratense molecules showed 87 profiles. According to the number of molecules recognized by IgE, the more complex profiles were characterized by higher serum total IgE, higher grass-specific serum IgE, and higher number and degree of sensitization to pollens. The most frequent IgE sensitization profile was the monomolecular Phl p 1. Sensitization to Phl p 7 was a reliable biomarker of asthma, whereas Phl p 12 of oral allergy syndrome. Sensitization to Phl p 7 was associated with a higher severity of SARg, and complex profiles were associated with longer disease duration.In a large pediatric population, the complexity of IgE sensitization profiles against P. pratense molecules is related to high atopic features although useless for predicting the clinical severity. The detection of serum IgE to Phl p 1, Phl p 7, and Phl p 12 can be used as clinical biomarkers of SARg and comorbidities. Further studies in different areas are required to test the impact of different IgE molecular profiles on AIT response.
Comment on Ely et al. A National Effort to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes: Participant-Level Evaluation of CDC’s National Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetes Care 2017;40:1331–1341
Authors: Natalie D. Ritchie, Peter Kaufmann, Katherine A. Sauder
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

Ely et al. (1) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provide a first report of National Diabetes Prevention Program (National DPP) effectiveness since its 2012 launch. It is impressive that 4.2% mean weight loss was achieved in a large-scale translation of the original DPP (1), which obtained 4.9% weight loss with the rigor of a randomized controlled trial (2). However, only approximately 0.04% of the 86 million adults in the U.S. with prediabetes were reached in 4 years of implementation (1). Moreover, the authors did not address two critical implications of the findings: 1 ) future reach of the National DPP is projected to decrease, and 2 ) the program may contribute to, rather than ameliorate, health disparities as currently implemented.

First, the authors briefly noted recognition is …
5-Year Outcomes After Left Atrial Appendage Closure
Authors: Vivek Y. Reddy, Shephal K. Doshi, Saibal Kar, Douglas N. Gibson, Matthew J. Price, Kenneth Huber, Rodney P. Horton, Maurice Buchbinder, Petr Neuzil, Nicole T. Gordon, David R. Holmes
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)

The PROTECT AF (WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage System for Embolic Protection in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation) trial demonstrated that left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) with the Watchman device (Boston Scientific, St. Paul, Minnesota) was equivalent to warfarin for preventing stroke in atrial fibrillation, but had a high rate of complications. In a second randomized trial, PREVAIL (Evaluation of the WATCHMAN LAA Closure Device in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Versus Long Term Warfarin Therapy), the complication rate was low. The warfarin cohort experienced an unexpectedly low ischemic stroke rate, rendering the efficacy endpoints inconclusive. However, these outcomes were based on relatively few patients followed for a relatively short time.The final results of the PREVAIL trial, both alone and as part of a patient-level meta-analysis with the PROTECT AF trial, are reported with patients in both trials followed for 5 years.PREVAIL and PROTECT AF are prospective randomized clinical trials with patients randomized 2:1 to LAAC or warfarin; together, they enrolled 1,114 patients for 4,343 patient-years. Analyses are by intention-to-treat, and rates are events per 100 patient-years.For the PREVAIL trial, the first composite coprimary endpoint of stroke, systemic embolism (SE), or cardiovascular/unexplained death did not achieve noninferiority (posterior probability for noninferiority = 88.4%), whereas the second coprimary endpoint of post-procedure ischemic stroke/SE did achieve noninferiority (posterior probability for noninferiority = 97.5%); the warfarin arm maintained an unusually low ischemic stroke rate (0.73%). In the meta-analysis, the composite endpoint was similar between groups (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.820; p = 0.27), as were all-stroke/SE (HR: 0.961; p = 0.87). The ischemic stroke/SE rate was numerically higher with LAAC, but this difference did not reach statistical significance (HR: 1.71; p = 0.080). However, differences in hemorrhagic stroke, disabling/fatal stroke, cardiovascular/unexplained death, all-cause death, and post-procedure bleeding favored LAAC (HR: 0.20; p = 0.0022; HR: 0.45; p = 0.03; HR: 0.59; p = 0.027; HR: 0.73; p = 0.035; HR: 0.48; p = 0.0003, respectively).These 5-year outcomes of the PREVAIL trial, combined with the 5-year outcomes of the PROTECT AF trial, demonstrate that LAAC with Watchman provides stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation comparable to warfarin, with additional reductions in major bleeding, particularly hemorrhagic stroke, and mortality. (WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage System for Embolic Protection in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation; NCT00129545; and Evaluation of the WATCHMAN LAA Closure Device in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Versus Long Term Warfarin Therapy; NCT01182441).
Detecção atrasada de um surto de shigelose num colégio de Madrid
Authors: J Jonsson, M C del Álvarez-Castillo, J C Sanz, R Ramiro, E Ballester, M Fernánez, A Echeíta, J. F. Martinez Navarro
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

Embora na Espanha a shigelose seja rara, ocasionalmente sao detectados surtos autoctonos. O objetivo deste estudo e descrever um surto de shigelose de transmissao de pessoa a pessoa ocasionado por Shigella sonnei num colegio de Madrid. 
Seguindo a notificacao de um caso de infeccao por Shigella sonnei numa menina de 3 anos, uma investigacao foi iniciada no seu centro escolar. Foram distribuidos 520 questionarios epidemiologicos. Um caso foi definido como caso escolar se se tratava do primeiro caso ocorrido na familia e como caso familiar cualquer caso vivendo com o caso e cujo o comeco de sintomas foi posterior ao do caso escolar. 
Foram identificados 88 casos (60 em alunos e 28 nas familias). A taxa de ataque (TA) no colegio foi de 12% e de 32% nas suas familias. Foi observada uma associacao inversamente significativa entre uma taxa de ataque alta e a idade das criancas. O surto durou dois meses. A duracao do surto e a forma da curva epidemica sugerem um padrao de transmissao de pessoa a pessoa. A analise a traves da electroforese em campo pulsatil (PFGE) de cinco isolados de Shigella sonnei mostrou uma identidade comum da estirpe infectante. 
A duracao prolongada do surto esta provavelmente ligada com o atraso na sua deteccao, e acabou logo que foram introduzidas as medidas de controle opportunas.
Association of Serial Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Assessments With Death and Hospitalization in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Yashashwi Pokharel, Yevgeniy Khariton, Yuanyuan Tang, Michael E. Nassif, Paul S. Chan, Suzanne V. Arnold, Philip G. Jones, John A. Spertus
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2017)

While there is increasing emphasis on incorporating patient-reported outcome measures in routine care for patients with heart failure (HF), how best to interpret longitudinally collected patient-reported outcome measures is unknown.
Clinical implications from daily physiotherapy examination of 131 acute hamstring injuries and their association with running speed and rehabilitation progression
Authors: Rod Whiteley, Nicol van Dyk, Arnlaug Wangensteen, Clint Hansen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Aim To investigate the association of daily clinical measures and the progression of rehabilitation and perceived running effort. Methods A cohort of 131 athletes with an MRI-confirmed acute hamstring injury underwent a standardised criteria-based rehabilitation protocol. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to investigate the association between daily clinical subjective and objective measures and both the progression of rehabilitation and perceived running effort. These measures included different strength, palpation, flexibility and functional tests. Inter-rater and intrarater reliability and minimal detectable change were established for the clinical measures of strength and flexibility by examining measures taken on consecutive days for the uninjured leg. Results The progression of the daily measures was seen to be non-linear and varied according to the measure. Intra-rater reliability for the strength and flexibility measures were excellent (95% CI ≥0.85 for all measures). Strength (in the outer range position) and flexibility (in maximum hip flexion with active knee extension (MHFAKE) in supine) were best associated with rehabilitation progression and perceived running effort. Additionally, length of pain on palpation was usefully associated with rehabilitation progression. At lower perceived running effort there was a large variation in actual running speed. Conclusion Daily physical measures of palpation pain, outer range strength, MHFAKE and reported pain during daily activity are useful to inform the progression of rehabilitation. Trial registration number NCT01812564 and NCT02104258 .
Abstract 18279: Clinical Utility of hsCRP Testing at a University Based Hospital
Authors: Rakesh Ponnapureddy, Poonam Patel, Javed Ashraf, Reem Mustafa
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute-phase protein produced by hepatocytes, can be elevated in inflammatory and infectious states. Low level CRP elevation as detected by high sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) assays has been extensively studied in risk stratification in both cardiovascular primary prevention and active disease states. The current 2013 AHA guidelines on cardiovascular risk assessment do not recommend routine testing of hsCRP in primary prevention. It is suggested in specific patients as a supplement to traditional risk assessment. We aim to investigate the clinical utility of hsCRP testing at our center after its introduction as an in-house test.   Methods:  All hsCRP tests ordered at our center between June 1st, 2014 and August 31st, 2015 were retrospectively identified. Data about the encounter information, provider details and the specific indications for each test was extracted by careful review of the electronic medical records.   Results:  A total of 475 hsCRP tests were ordered at our center during the study period. We excluded 4 tests from analysis due to missing data. Of the remaining 471, 75 tests (15.92%) were ordered in emergency setting, 113 tests (23.99%) in inpatient setting and 283 tests (60.08%) in outpatient setting. Nurse practitioners ordered 68 tests (14.44%), attending physicians ordered 169 tests (35.67%) and residents/fellows ordered 234 tests (49.68%). Only 2 tests (0.43%) were ordered for primary prevention of CAD while the remaining 469 were ordered for detection and/or quantification of inflammation (392 tests, 83.22%) and infection (77 tests, 16.34%).   Conclusions:  Although hsCRP was commonly tested at our center, its utilization for cardiovascular primary prevention was limited. Most of the testing was ordered for infection and inflammation suggesting that our providers could not differentiate hsCRP assay from the quantitative CRP assay. Although the results of our study are limited to a single center, we suspect that a substantial knowledge deficit exists in the applicability of hsCRP testing among the provider community. We believe that appropriate educational interventions and better designing of computerized order entry systems (CPOE) will overcome this deficit and optimize the utility of hsCRP testing.
Le contrôle des maladies transmissibles chez les travailleurs immigrés saisonniers : étude de cas en Norvège
Authors: P J Guérin, L Vold, P Aavitsland
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

Les donnees fiables sur le statut sanitaire des travailleurs agricoles immigres saisonniers en Europe sont rares. L’acces aux soins de cette population depend des reglementations nationales et de leur statut legal dans le pays d’accueil. Cet article decrit une etude de cas lors d’une epidemie de salmonellose survenue en Norvege et met en evidence les problemes rencontres lors de l’application des mesures de controle specifique a la population des travailleurs agricoles immigres saisonniers. Il est important que la surveillance et le controle des maladies infectieuses s’accompagnent d’une legislation permettant la mise en place des mesures de controle. Malgre les efforts realises pour ameliorer le droit des travailleurs immigres en Europe en matiere de sante, ces travailleurs restent des « marginaux » au regard de ces mesures. Une attention particuliere devrait etre apportee a ce groupe de population desavantage en termes de droits sociaux et de sante. Les plans de preparation devraient etre ameliores pour reagir face aux pathogenes contagieux qui touchent ces populations saisonnieres.
Transcriptional Reprogramming during Effector-to-Memory Transition Renders CD4+ T Cells Permissive for Latent HIV-1 Infection
Authors: Liang Shan, Kai Deng, Hongbo Gao, Sifei Xing, Adam A. Capoferri, Christine M. Durand, S. Alireza Rabi, Gregory M. Laird, Michelle Kim, Nina N. Hosmane, Hung-Chih Yang, Hao Zhang, Joseph B. Margolick, Linghua Li, Weiping Cai, Ruian Ke, Richard A. Flavell, Janet D. Siliciano, Robert F. Siliciano
Journal: Immunity (2017)
Tolerability and pharmacokinetics (PK) of ABT-414 in Japanese patients (pts) with malignant glioma
Authors: Yoshitaka Narita, Motoo Nagane, Naoki Kagawa, Kazuhiko Mishima, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Toshihiko Wakabayashi, Reiko Odagawa, Hao Xiong, Christopher Ocampo, Ryo Nishikawa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Temporary Circulatory Support in U.S. Children Awaiting Heart Transplantation
Authors: Vamsi V. Yarlagadda, Katsuhide Maeda, Yulin Zhang, Sharon Chen, John C. Dykes, Mary Alice Gowen, Paul Shuttleworth, Jenna M. Murray, Andrew Y. Shin, Olaf Reinhartz, David N. Rosenthal, Doff B. McElhinney, Christopher S. Almond
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
TCT-493 Cardiac Arrest Survival Score: A Novel Tool for Predicting Mortality Post Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Manoj Thangam, Brian Hsi, Yelin Zhao, Mark Warner, Salman Arain, Konstantinos Charitakis, Abhijeet Dhoble, Nils Johnson, Richard Smalling, H.V. Anderson, Pratik Doshi, Prakash Balan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Redefining “alcohol related deaths” will mislead public, say campaigners
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2017)

UK campaigners against alcohol have attacked the Office for National Statistics for redefining deaths related to alcohol use in a way that will reduce the numbers and, they say, mislead the public.

An editorial in Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology says that the narrower definition adopted by ONS “could come at a steep cost to alcohol advocacy efforts and to the health and well-being of those affected by alcohol misuse and addiction in the UK.”1

The effect of the new definition will be to exclude from the count two conditions hitherto included: chronic unspecified hepatitis, which is coded K73 in ICD-10 (international classification of diseases, 10th …
Le point sur la rage vulpine en Allemagne
Authors: T Müller, T Selhorst, C Pötzsch
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

Comparee aux methodes traditionnelles de controle de la rage dans la faune sauvage, la vaccination antirabique orale des renards (oral rabies vaccination, ORV) est sans aucun doute, en termes de cout-efficacite, la methode la plus adaptee. Suite a l’utilisation de l’ORV, plusieurs pays europeens sont indemnes de rage. Malgre l’eradication de la rage de la plus grande partie de l’Allemagne, un foyer de rage persiste dans un triangle pres de la frontiere, forme par les etats de Hesse, Baden-Wurttemberg et Rhenanie-Palatinat. Des actions correctrices ont ete initiees pour eliminer ce dernier point nevralgique en Allemagne.
Automated database-guided expert-supervised orientation for immunophenotypic diagnosis and classification of acute leukemia
Authors: L Lhermitte, E Mejstrikova, A J van der Sluijs-Gelling, G E Grigore, L Sedek, A E Bras, G Gaipa, E Sobral da Costa, M Novakova, E Sonneveld, C Buracchi, T de Sá Bacelar, J G te Marvelde, A Trinquand, V Asnafi, T Szczepanski, S Matarraz, A Lopez, B Vidriales, J Bulsa, O Hrusak, T Kalina, Q Lecrevisse, M Martin Ayuso, M Brüggemann, J Verde, P Fernandez, L Burgos, B Paiva, C E Pedreira, J J M van Dongen, A Orfao, V H J van der Velden
Journal: Leukemia (2017)

Precise classification of acute leukemia (AL) is crucial for adequate treatment. EuroFlow has previously designed an AL orientation tube (ALOT) to guide towards the relevant classification panel (T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), B-cell precursor (BCP)-ALL and/or acute myeloid leukemia (AML)) and final diagnosis. Now we built a reference database with 656 typical AL samples (145 T-ALL, 377 BCP-ALL, 134 AML), processed and analyzed via standardized protocols. Using principal component analysis (PCA)-based plots and automated classification algorithms for direct comparison of single-cells from individual patients against the database, another 783 cases were subsequently evaluated. Depending on the database-guided results, patients were categorized as: (i) typical T, B or Myeloid without or; (ii) with a transitional component to another lineage; (iii) atypical; or (iv) mixed-lineage. Using this automated algorithm, in 781/783 cases (99.7%) the right panel was selected, and data comparable to the final WHO-diagnosis was already provided in >93% of cases (85% T-ALL, 97% BCP-ALL, 95% AML and 87% mixed-phenotype AL patients), even without data on the full-characterization panels. Our results show that database-guided analysis facilitates standardized interpretation of ALOT results and allows accurate selection of the relevant classification panels, hence providing a solid basis for designing future WHO AL classifications.
Improving the Clinical Value and Utility of CGM Systems: Issues and Recommendations
Authors: John R. Petrie, Anne L. Peters, Richard M. Bergenstal, Reinhard W. Holl, G. Alexander Fleming, Lutz Heinemann
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

The first systems for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) became available over 15 years ago. Many then believed CGM would revolutionize the use of intensive insulin therapy in diabetes; however, progress toward that vision has been gradual. Although increasing, the proportion of individuals using CGM rather than conventional systems for self-monitoring of blood glucose on a daily basis is still low in most parts of the world. Barriers to uptake include cost, measurement reliability (particularly with earlier-generation systems), human factors issues, lack of a standardized format for displaying results, and uncertainty on how best to use CGM data to make therapeutic decisions. This Scientific Statement makes recommendations for systemic improvements in clinical use and regulatory (pre- and postmarketing) handling of CGM devices. The aim is to improve safety and efficacy in order to support the advancement of the technology in achieving its potential to improve quality of life and health outcomes for more people with diabetes.
TLR4-Mediated Inflammation Promotes KSHV-Induced Cellular Transformation and Tumorigenesis by Activating the STAT3 Pathway
Authors: Marion Gruffaz, Karthik Vasan, Brandon Tan, Suzane Ramos da Silva, Shou-Jiang Gao
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Toll-like receptors (TLR) are conserved immune sensors mediating antimicrobial and antitumoral responses, but recent evidence implicates them in promoting carcinogenesis in certain cancers. Kaposi sarcoma is caused by infection of Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and is characterized by uncontrolled neoangiogenesis and inflammation. Here, we show that TLR4 is upregulated in KSHV-infected spindle tumor cells in human Kaposi sarcoma lesions. In a model of KSHV-induced cellular transformation, KSHV upregulated expression of TLR4, its adaptor MyD88, and coreceptors CD14 and MD2. KSHV induction of TLR4 was mediated by multiple viral miRNAs. Importantly, the TLR4 pathway was activated constitutively in KSHV-transformed cells, resulting in chronic induction of IL6, IL1β, and IL18. Accordingly, IL6 mediated constitutive activation of the STAT3 pathway, an essential event for uncontrolled cellular proliferation and transformation. TLR4 stimulation with lipopolysaccharides or live bacteria enhanced tumorigenesis while TLR4 antagonist CLI095 inhibited it. These results highlight an essential role of the TLR4 pathway and chronic inflammation in KSHV-induced tumorigenesis, which helps explain why HIV-infected patients, who frequently suffer from opportunistic bacterial infections and metabolic complications, frequently develop Kaposi sarcoma. Cancer Res; 77(24); 7094–108. ©2017 AACR.
Légionellose associée aux voyages en Espagne entre janvier et juillet 2003
Authors: R Cano, N Prieto, C Martin, C Pelaz, S Mateo
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

Il a ete demontre que la surveillance epidemiologique et le controle de la legionellose associee aux voyages sont des activites necessaires en terme de sante publique et de collaboration sanitaire entre les pays. Dans le cadre du reseau EWGLINET, des recommandations europeennes sur le controle et la prevention de la legionellose associee aux voyages ont ete emises. Elles precisent les criteres de declaration et de reponse lors de l'apparition de cas ou de foyers. Cet article presente l'analyse des donnees correspondant aux 46 foyers survenus en Espagne entre janvier 2001 et juillet 2003.
A Renewed Focus on Maternal Health in the United States
Authors: Rose L. Molina, Lydia E. Pace
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Interview with Dr. Rose Molina on trends and disparities in maternal outcomes in the United States. (09:46)Download High maternal mortality in the United States as compared with other high-income countries and continued increases in deaths and severe pregnancy-related morbidity highlight gaps in our care for reproductive-age women.