tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intensive care: multidisciplinary group to tackle end of life care
Authors: Joseph F Cosgrove, Christopher Bassford
Journal: BMJ (2018)

In their Analysis article, Gross and colleagues discuss the need to balance the benefits and potential burdens of intensive care treatments.1 They outline the dilemmas of decision making in intensive care and the qualitative and quantitative effects on survival attributed to chronic disease and frailty.1 This closely follows the recent Royal College of Physicians’ report Talking About Dying .2 Other recent work has shown that 24% of Scottish intensive care survivors are readmitted to hospital within 90 days of discharge; causes of readmission are generally associated with pre-intensive care comorbidities rather than the severity of …
Abstract IA08: Individualized risk based lung cancer screening: The way forward
Authors: Christine D. Berg
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends annual low-dose computed tomography (CT) lung-cancer screening, as does the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and many major medical organizations. The USPSTF criteria, similar to those used for entry into the definitive National Lung Screening Trial, are for persons aged 55-80 years, who currently smoke or quit within the past 15 years, and who have accumulated at least 30 pack-years of cigarette smoking. Risk calculators as compared to micro-simulation modeling as used for the USPSTF can more specifically account for demographic, clinical, and smoking characteristics and personalize risk. The USPSTF criteria may miss smokers at high risk for lung cancer who would have been selected for CT screening by individual risk calculators. Recently, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for lung cancer screening added consideration of use of risk models to select ever-smokers for screening. Online risk tools are available to assist individuals and health care providers as to whether lung cancer screening may be helpful. Several lung cancer risk models are available, and comparisons across them have been done. In this presentation, a comparison we performed of the statistical predictive properties of 8 published risk models in 2 large prospective U.S. cohorts will be presented. Identifying a consensus cost-effective risk threshold to define screening eligibility is crucial. Another issue is how best to account for competing morbidities that might make screening less useful. Perhaps a life-years gained approach could help to adjust for this. Additionally, risk models require accurate risk factor data, which are rarely available in electronic health records and may require special collection. It also poses challenges in the health care delivery setting given its complexity. To better capture high-risk smokers and prevent premature deaths from lung cancer, eligibility for lung cancer screening should be based on exceeding a cost-effective risk threshold that balances CT screening benefits and harms, using a lung cancer risk tool validated in the U.S. population. Citation Format: Christine D. Berg. Individualized risk based lung cancer screening: The way forward [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR-IASLC International Joint Conference: Lung Cancer Translational Science from the Bench to the Clinic; Jan 8-11, 2018; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2018;24(17_Suppl):Abstract nr IA08.
68Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT of von Hippel–Lindau Disease
Authors: Virginia Liberini, Daniele Giovanni Nicolotti, Mauro Maccario, Monica Finessi, Désirée Deandreis
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

We present a rare case of a 42-year-old man with a long history of von Hippel-Lindau disease that was scanned with Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT for suspicion of disease relapse. Ga-DOTA-TOC imaging demonstrated increased DOTA-TOC uptake in pancreas tail and intramedullary and extramedullary spinal hemangioblastomas, only some of which have already been highlighted at MRI examination. This case illustrates the significant role the Ga-labeled somatostatin receptor analogs PET/CT in the management of the von Hippel-Lindau disease.
Prognostic awareness and illness understanding in patients with malignant glioma and their caregivers.
Authors: Sophia Landay, Maya V. Anand, Katharine M. Quain, Areej El-Jawahri, Joseph Greer, Jennifer S. Temel, Deborah Anne Forst
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

33 Background: Malignant gliomas (MG) are rapidly progressive, incurable tumors. Patients with glioblastoma, the most common MG, have a median survival of approximately 14 months when treated aggressively. Despite this poor prognosis, data is lacking on patients’ and caregivers’ (CGs’) understanding of patients’ prognosis and treatment goals and their communication preferences. We assessed prognostic awareness (PA) in patients with MG and their CGs three months following diagnosis. Methods: We conducted a prospective study in patients with newly diagnosed MG and their CGs. At three months post-diagnosis, we administered to patients and CGs the Prognosis and Treatment Perceptions Questionnaire, which assesses illness understanding, goals of treatment, and likelihood of cure. Results: At three months after diagnosis, 82.9% (68/82) of patients and 81.3% (52/64) of CGs reported that knowing prognosis is “extremely” or “very” important, yet only 42.6% (35/82) of patients and 60.9% (39/64) of CGs reported accurate PA, defined as responses of “unlikely,” “very unlikely,” or “no” chance of cure. 46.3% (38/82) of patients and 46.9% (30/64) of CGs reported that their oncologist’s primary goal was to “extend life as long as possible,” while 25.6% (21/82) of patients and 10.9% (7/64) of CGs stated that their oncologist’s goal was to cure their cancer. Patients’ primary goal was most frequently “to cure my cancer” [40.2% (33/82)], while CGs most often presumed that their loved ones’ treatment goal was to “extend life as long as possible” [43.8% (28/64)]. Conclusions: Patients with MG and their CGs report that PA is important, but most patients, and to a lesser degree their CGs, have inaccurate PA. Additionally, patients’ treatment goals differ from CGs’ perceptions of patients’ goals and oncologists’ presumed goals. Patients’ primary goal is often curative, while CGs frequently presume that their loved one’s goal is to prolong life without aiming for cure. Patients and CGs most often presume that their oncologists are primarily aiming to extend survival rather than cure their disease. Further investigation of interventions to improve conversations about prognosis among patients with MG, their CGs and their oncologists is warranted.
Herpes-Associated Erythema Multiforme
Authors: David A. Hashemi, Casey Carlos, Misha Rosenbach
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Spiritual pain and care needs of elderly cancer patients facing palliative chemotherapy decision-making: Qualitative study.
Authors: Rie Tsuboi, Mihoko Sugishita, Hirohisa Hirakawa, Yuichi Ando
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

25 Background: Although the number of elderly cancer patients who require chemotherapy has increased, few studies have investigated the process of palliative chemotherapy decision-making and care needs of elderly patients with advanced cancer. Methods: The study was conducted at Nagoya University Hospital in Japan from April to October 2017. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with patients over 70 with advanced cancer (n = 15, median age = 77 years, range 70 - 82) who made decisions of palliative chemotherapy initiation within 6 months. Patients’ families and physicians were also interviewed individually. Interview transcripts were qualitatively analyzed using a deductive-inductive approach. Results: Four main themes emerged: physician’s awareness of paternalism, training of communication about serious news, spiritual-care needs assessment, and support with the team. Both the patients and the physicians felt the necessity for physicians’ paternalism in patients’ decision-making. The physicians found treatment decision-making for elderly patients difficult because of the patients’ diversities. Patients had spiritual pains from the time of diagnosis and they continued throughout treatment periods. They fought the illness with the support of surroundings as a team. Conclusions: Paternalism was emphasized from both elderly patients and physicians in palliative chemotherapy decision-making. Improvement of the communication skills of physicians was needed. Patients had spiritual-care needs beginning with the early phase of the treatments and fought as a team with their supporters, including physicians against the cancer. Physicians should be aware of that and be actively involved in whole-patient care.
Electronic distress screening for early symptom identification and management.
Authors: Patrick Meadors, Pamela Meadors, Beth York, Declan Walsh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

170 Background: Sustainable comprehensive screenings for cancer-related symptoms and distress is a challenge for large multisite cancer centers. Technological solutions are necessary to compile patient-reported outcomes at institutions with high volumes across broad geographic regions. Interdisciplinary collaboration and leadership engagement is required to effectively screen for and manage symptoms. Once integrated, electronic distress screening (EDS) produces large symptom databases for management of cancer related symptoms, strategic programmatic growth, and research. Methods: System-wide (n=44 clinic locations) implementation of EDS at consultation visits and simulations occurred in phases between November 2016-Dec 2016. EDS content, clinical sensitivity thresholds, and referral processes were developed with input from Supportive Oncology Department. Automatic alerts via email based on clinical thresholds developed and various symptoms profiles used to aid referrals to supportive oncology resources. Information and Analytic services ensured clinical integration into the EMR, delineation by clinic site, and troubleshooting. Ongoing completion rate tracked and sent to all practice managers. Results: The network-wide EDS completion rate for January 2017-June 2018 is 69% (26,564 completed out of 38,435 eligible patient encounters). Mean completion time per patient was 8 minutes. 84% of clinic sites (n=37) screened &gt;50% of eligible patients and 46% of clinics (n=20) screened &gt;75%. Triggered referral rates were established for all supportive oncology sections (e.g. 60% of patients reported clinically significant distress and 18% indicated being at risk for malnutrition). All screening data available for ongoing analysis. Conclusions: EDS can be integrated as a solution for distress and cancer related symptoms in multisite cancer centers. Interdisciplinary collaboration is needed to ensure clinical relevance. Phased rollouts, structured education, and completion rate dashboards help establish leader buy-in and consistent symptom screening. Such symptom databases allow large cancer hospital networks to strategically allocate limited resources based on highest volume/acuity/symptom profiles.
High-Dose Folic Acid Does Not Prevent Preeclampsia
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Unraveling the Mysteries of the Human Placenta
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cabozantinib Versus Mitoxantrone-prednisone in Symptomatic Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Phase 3 Trial with a Primary Pain Endpoint
Authors: Ethan M. Basch, Mark Scholz, Johann S. de Bono, Nicholas Vogelzang, Paul de Souza, Gavin Marx, Ulka Vaishampayan, Saby George, James K. Schwarz, Emmanuel S. Antonarakis, Joseph M. O'Sullivan, Arash Rezazadeh Kalebasty, Kim N. Chi, Robert Dreicer, Thomas E. Hutson, Amylou C. Dueck, Antonia V. Bennett, Erica Dayan, Milan Mangeshkar, Jaymes Holland, Aaron L. Weitzman, Howard I. Scher
Journal: European Urology (2018)

Bone metastases in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) are associated with debilitating pain and functional compromise. To compare pain palliation as the primary endpoint for cabozantinib versus mitoxantrone-prednisone in men with mCRPC and symptomatic bone metastases using patient-reported outcome measures. A randomized, double-blind phase 3 trial (COMET-2; NCT01522443) in men with mCRPC and narcotic-dependent pain from bone metastases who had progressed after treatment with docetaxel and either abiraterone or enzalutamide. Cabozantinib 60 mg once daily orally versus mitoxantrone 12 mg/m2 every 3 wk plus prednisone 5 mg twice daily orally. The primary endpoint was pain response at week 6 confirmed at week 12 (≥30% decrease from baseline in patient-reported average daily worst pain score via the Brief Pain Inventory without increased narcotic use). The planned sample size was 246 to achieve ≥90% power. Enrollment was terminated early because cabozantinib did not demonstrate a survival benefit in the companion COMET-1 trial. At study closure, 119 participants were randomized (cabozantinib: N = 61; mitoxantrone-prednisone: N = 58). Complete pain and narcotic use data were available at baseline, week 6, and week 12 for 73/106 (69%) patients. There was no significant difference in the pain response with cabozantinib versus mitoxantrone-prednisone: the proportions of responders were 15% versus 17%, a −2% difference (95% confidence interval: −16% to 11%, p = 0.8). Barriers to accrual included pretreatment requirements for a washout period of prior anticancer therapy and a narcotic optimization period to maximize analgesic dosing. Cabozantinib treatment did not demonstrate better pain palliation than mitoxantrone-prednisone in heavily pretreated patients with mCRPC and symptomatic bone metastases. Future pain-palliation trials should incorporate briefer timelines from enrollment to treatment initiation. Cabozantinib was not better than mitoxantrone-prednisone for pain relief in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and debilitating pain from bone metastases.
CHESS: a new human gene catalog curated from thousands of large-scale RNA sequencing experiments reveals extensive transcriptional noise
Authors: Mihaela Pertea, Alaina Shumate, Geo Pertea, Ales Varabyou, Florian P. Breitwieser, Yu-Chi Chang, Anil K. Madugundu, Akhilesh Pandey, Steven L. Salzberg
Journal: Genome biology (2018)

We assembled the sequences from deep RNA sequencing experiments by the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, to create a new catalog of human genes and transcripts, called CHESS. The new database contains 42,611 genes, of which 20,352 are potentially protein-coding and 22,259 are noncoding, and a total of 323,258 transcripts. These include 224 novel protein-coding genes and 116,156 novel transcripts. We detected over 30 million additional transcripts at more than 650,000 genomic loci, nearly all of which are likely nonfunctional, revealing a heretofore unappreciated amount of transcriptional noise in human cells. The CHESS database is available at http://ccb.jhu.edu/chess .
Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Yohann Bohbot, Agnès Pasquet, Dan Rusinaru, Justine Delabre, Quentin Delpierre, Alexandre Altes, Sylvestre Maréchaux, Jean-Louis Vanoverschelde, Christophe Tribouilloy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Abstract 15273: Combined Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease and Acute Kidney Injury on Long-Term Mortality in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction - The J-MINUET Substudy -
Authors: Shotaro Kuji, Masami Kosuge, Kazuo Kimura, Koichi Nakao, Yukio Ozaki, Junya Ako, Teruo Noguchi, Satoshi Yasuda, Satoru Suwa, Kazuteru Fujimoto, Yasuharu Nakama, Takashi Morita, Wataru Shimizu, Yoshihiko Saito, Atsushi Hirohata, Yasuhiro Morita, Teruo Inoue, Atsunori Okamura, Toshiaki Mano, Kazuhito Hirata, Kengo Tanabe, Yoshisato Shibata, Mafumi Owa, Kenichi Tsujita, Hiroshi Funayama, Nobuaki Kokubu, Ken Kozuma, Shirou Uemura, Tetsuya Toubaru, Keijirou Saku, Shigeru Ohshima, Kunihiro Nishimura, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Hisao Ogawa, Masaharu Ishihara
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Renal dysfunction such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) as well as acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with poor outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We examined the c...
Group B streptococcal disease in UK and Irish infants younger than 90 days, 2014–15: a prospective surveillance study
Authors: Catherine P O'Sullivan, Theresa Lamagni, Darshana Patel, Androulla Efstratiou, Robert Cunney, Mary Meehan, Shamez Ladhani, Arlene J Reynolds, Ruth Campbell, Lorraine Doherty, Margaret Boyle, Georgia Kapatai, Victoria Chalker, Diane Lindsay, Andrew Smith, Eleri Davies, Christine E Jones, Paul T Heath
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2018)
GWAS of osmotic hemolysis in 12,352 healthy blood donors identifies red cell genetic variants associated with steady state hemolysis in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Grier Page, Tamir Kanias, Marion C. Lanteri, Yuelong Guo, Alan E. Mast, Richard G. Cable, Bryan R Spencer, Joseph Kiss, Stacey Endres, Donald Brambilla, Seyed Mehdi Nouraie, Victor R. Gordeuk, Steven Kleinman, Mark T Gladwin, Michael Paul Busch
Journal: Blood (2017)
The Believe Trial: Results of a Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Luspatercept in Adult Beta-Thalassemia Patients Who Require Regular Red Blood Cell (RBC) Transfusions
Authors: Maria Domenica Cappellini, Vip Viprakasit, Ali Taher, Pencho Georgiev, Kevin H. M. Kuo, Thomas D. Coates, Ersi Voskaridou, Hong Keng Liew, Idit Pazgal-Kobrowski, Gianluca Forni, Silverio Perrotta, Abderrahim Khelif, Ashutosh Lal, Antonis Kattamis, Efthymia Vlachaki, Raffaella Origa, Yesim Aydinok, Mohamed Bejaoui, P. Joy Ho, Lee Ping Chew, Ping Chong Bee, Soo Min Lim, Meng-Yao Lu, Adisak Tantiworawit, Penka Ganeva, Liana Gercheva, Farrukh Shah, Ellis J. Neufeld, Abderrahmane Laadem, Jeevan K. Shetty, Jun Zou, Dimana Miteva, Tatiana Zinger, Peter G. Linde, Matthew L. Sherman, Olivier Hermine, John Porter, Antonio Piga
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 20195: Longitudinal Assessment of Hemodynamic Changes in a NonHuman Primate Model of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Rebecca A Tarantelli, Marc A Simon, Rebecca Vanderpool, Ian Christman, Finja Schweitzer, Heather Kling, Toni Ann Zullo, Eoin J Carney, Brian Lopresti, Karen A Norris
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease with higher incidence in HIV-infected versus non-infected individuals. Non-human primates (NHP) infected with simia...
Timing of last chemotherapy and the end of life in patients (pts) with metastatic cancer.
Authors: Marianna Brollo, Massimo Bratta, Simona Molinaro, Giannarelli Diana, Mariannina Ricci, Maria Bassanelli, Anna Ceribelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

59 Background: Chemotherapy near the end of life is often associated with increased toxicity and poor outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of patients (pts) with metastatic cancer who received chemotherapy near the end of life. Methods: We conducted an observational, retrospective analysis of 77 consecutive cancer pts (aged ≥ 18 years) who died in hospice between January 2017 and July 2018. Median overall survival (OS) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated with the Kaplan -Meier method. Results: Of 77 pts (median age: 72 years [y]; male: 59.7%) with metastatic cancer, 51 pts (66.2%) received chemotherapies for metastatic disease (mean prior lines: 2.1 ) and 26 pts (33.8%) received best supportive care (BSC). The most represented histologies were lung (31.2%) and breast (11.7%) cancer. The median time from the last chemotherapy and the death was 67 days. The median progression free survival (PFS) of the last treatment was 45 days. According to Earle’s criteria, 6.5% of pts started a new chemotherapy regimen in the last 30 days of life and 2.6% of subjects received chemotherapy in the last 14 days of life. 11.7% and 3.9% of pts received chemotherapy within the last 30 and 15 days of life, respectively. Younger pts (&lt; 70 years) had an increased probability of continuing chemotherapy within the last 1 month (p=0.004) and &lt; 2 weeks (p=0.002) before death than elderly (&gt; 70 years). Conclusions: This study shows that end-of-life chemotherapy is associated with poor outcome. The use of chemotherapy within 30 and 15 days before death was correlated with younger age.