tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of bone metastasis of castration-resistant prostate cancer after enzalutamide and abiraterone using Bone Scan Index on bone scintigraphy.
Authors: Suguru Kadomoto, Kouji Izumi, Takahiro Nohara, Konaka Hiroyuki, Yoshifumi Kadono, Yasuhide Kitagawa, Kenichi Nakajima, Atsushi Mizokami
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e596 Background: It was ambiguous till now to evaluate the change of bone metastasis by various treatments. To quantify the change of bone metastases by enzalutamide, abiraterone, and docetaxel for the castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with bone metastases (bmCRPC), we employed Bone Scan Index (BSI) on bone scintigraphy. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the change of PSA and bone metastases of CRPC patients who were treated with enzalutamide (Enz), abiraterone (Abi) and/or docetaxel (DOC) in our hospital. All patients underwent Tc-99m MDP bone scintigraphy. The degree of bone metastases was analyzed using BSI, which was calculated by BONENAVI (FUJIFILM RI Pharma, Japan; EXINIbone, EXINI Diagnostics, Sweden). 19 patients were treated with enzalutamide (8 cases: pre-docetaxel, 11 cases: post-docetaxel). The median PSA of patients treated with Enz was 12.64 ng/ml (1.63-199 ng/ml). And 11 patients were treated with abiraterone (5 cases: pre-docetaxel, 6 cases: post-docetaxel). The median PSA of patients treated with Abi was 26.37 ng/ml (2.29-199 ng/ml). Results: We observed decline of PSA in 18/30 cases (9 cases: pre-DOC, 9 cases: post-DOC). Decline of PSA to 50% or more was observed in 14 cases. In contrast, decline of BSI was observed in 53.3% (16/30) cases and decline of PSA to 25% or more was observed in only 6 cases. BSI decreased in 84.6% (11/13) of pre-DOC setting and in 29.4% (5/17) of post-DOC setting indicating that change of BSI was poor in post-DOC setting. However, DOC had already decreased BSI in 91.7% (11/12) before Abi or Enz treatment. Moreover, the average rate of BSI decline in the patients that BSI decreased by DOC was better than the patients that BSI decreased by Abi/Enz (-48.46% vs -28.56%). Finally, although the rate of BSI change by Enz was weakly correlated with the rate of PSA decline (y = 0.3906x + 25.35, R2 = 0.3423), BSI continued to increase in four cases in spite of PSA decline. Conclusions: BSI using BONENAVI on bone scintigraphy was helpful for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment and following-up of bmCRPC.
Role of hypertension on new onset congestive heart failure in patients receiving trastuzumab adjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer.
Authors: Nicola Maurea, Giulia Russo, Stefania Gori, Giovanna Piscopo, Clemente Cipresso, Carmela Coppola, Stefano Oliva, Giovanni Cioffi, Fausto Tuccia, Michelino De Laurentiis, Carmen Pacilio, Immacolata Capasso, Rosario Vincenz Iaffaioli, Luigi Tarantini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e11556 Background: Adjuvant trastuzumab therapy improves survival of Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-positive women with early breast cancer (EBC). Trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity is not uncommon, occurring prevalently asymptomatic in the first three months of therapy. In the setting of community patients, the incidence, timing and phenotype of new onset congestive heart failure (CHF) is unknown. Methods: 499 consecutive HER2-positive women (mean age 55+11) with EBC treated with Trastuzumab between January 2008 and June 2009 at 10 Italian institutions were followed-up for 1 year. We evaluated incidence, time of occurrence, clinical features associated with CHF. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was evaluated by echocardiography at baseline and 3-6-9-12 months during Trastuzumab therapy. Results: CHF occurred in 16 patients (3.2%), who were older and had a higher prevalence and higher degree of hypertension in comparison with patients who had not CHF. All CHF patients had a significant reduction in LVEF with a mean peak of – 12 points % detected at 3-month follow up. CHF occurred in 7 patients (44%) within 3-month follow-up, 4 patients (25%) between 3-6 months, 3 patients (19%) between 6-9 months and 2 patients (12%) between 9-12 months. Trastuzumab was discontinued in 10 of 16 patients and re-started in 5 after LVEF recovery. New onset CHF was predicted by the presence of hypertension (OR 2.9 [CI 1.1 – 7.9]. Conclusions: In clinical practice new onset CHF occurs seldom in HER-positive women with EBC, prevalently in the first six months of therapy. CHF is invariably associated with a significant reduction in LVEF and is predicted by a history of hypertension.
Oncopre: A new chemotherapy benefit prediction algorithm to assist treatment decision making.
Authors: Dimas Yusuf, Maria Yi Ho, Hagen F. Kennecke, Winson Y. Cheung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

705 Background: Clinical decision support tools (CDSTs) can help physicians make complex treatment decisions and inform care. For colon cancer, CDSTs such as Adjuvant! Online and Numeracy were widely used to estimate the effects of adjuvant treatment and guide conversations with patients. Existing CDSTs, however, do not consider more contemporary predictive and prognostic factors, such as microsatellite instability (MSI), BRAF mutational status, or the presence of additional high risk clinical or pathological features (HRFs), in their assessment of outcomes. Current CDSTs are also not optimized for handheld devices. Methods: We developed ONCOPRE, which is an adjuvant chemotherapy benefit calculator for colon cancer that addresses the limitations of current CDSTs. Based on a comprehensive review of epidemiological data and results of landmark trials, ONCOPRE was devised to predict 5-year colon cancer recurrence and death. To validate ONCOPRE, we compared its predictions with those generated by existing CDSTs as well as real-world data from 7 tertiary cancer centers across Canada. Results: ONCOPRE is able to predict 5-year DFS and OS of patients with colon cancer based on age, sex, TNM status, and contemporary risk factors such as MSI status, BRAF mutations, and other HRFs. ONCOPRE’s predictions compare favorably with real-world data and predictions from other CDSTs. ONCOPRE’s predictions are typically more optimistic than historical outcomes, and this likely reflects the fact that current day colon cancer patients experience better prognosis with the use of modern therapy and improved supportive care. These attributes make ONCOPRE a potentially new benchmark among CDSTs that can reliably predict colon cancer outcomes. Conclusions: ONCOPRE ( http://www.oncopre.com/beta/ ) represents a new CDST that can assist in adjuvant treatment decision-making and patient counseling. We make the case that the next generation of CDSTs in oncology must take into account more contemporary clinical, biochemical, and genetic risk factors since these elements significantly affect outcomes. The ONCOPRE platform serves as a potential model on which to develop prediction tools for other forms of cancers.
Riemannian geometry for EEG-based brain-computer interfaces; a primer and a review
Authors: Marco Congedo, Alexandre Barachant, Rajendra Bhatia
Journal: Brain-Computer Interfaces (2017)

Despite its short history, the use of Riemannian geometry in brain-computer interface (BCI) decoding is currently attracting increasing attention, due to accumulating documentation of its simplicity, accuracy, robustness and transfer learning capabilities, including the winning score obtained in five recent international predictive modeling BCI data competitions. The Riemannian framework is sharp from a mathematical perspective, yet in practice it is simple, both algorithmically and computationally. This allows the conception of online decoding machines suiting real-world operation in adverse conditions. We provide here a review on the use of Riemannian geometry for BCI and a primer on the classification frameworks based on it. While the theoretical research on Riemannian geometry is technical, our aim here is to show the appeal of the framework on an intuitive geometrical ground. In particular, we provide a rationale for its robustness and transfer learning capabilities and we elucidate the link between a simple Riemannian classifier and a state-of-the-art spatial filtering approach. We conclude by reporting details on the construction of data points to be manipulated in the Riemannian framework in the context of BCI and by providing links to available open-source Matlab and Python code libraries for designing BCI decoders.
Efficacy of pemetrexed as second-line therapy in advanced NSCLC after either treatment-free interval or maintenance therapy with gemcitabine or erlotinib in IFCT-GFPC 05-02 phase III study.
Authors: Olivier Bylicki, Celine Ferlay, Christos Chouaid, Armelle Lavolle, Fabrice Barlesi, Radj Gervais, Virginie Westeel, Jacky Crequit, Romain Corre, Alain Vergnenegre, Gerard Zalcman, Isabelle Monnet, Herve Le Caer, Pierre Fournel, Pauline Linard, David Perol, Maurice Perol
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

7574 Background: Continuous exposure of tumor cells to maintenance therapy in advanced NSCLC might lead to resistance to subsequent treatments. IFCT–GFPC 0502 study showed a progression-free survival (PFS) benefit with gemcitabine (G) or erlotinib (E) maintenance compared to observation (O) after cisplatin-G induction chemotherapy. The trial included a pre-defined second-line therapy with pemetrexed (P), allowing post-hoc assessment of its efficacy according to previous maintenance treatment or treatment-free interval. Methods: Stage IIIB/IV NSCLC patients (pts) with a PS of 0-1 were randomized after 4 cycles of cisplatin-G chemotherapy to O or to receive maintenance therapy with G or E until disease progression. P was given as second-line treatment on disease progression in all arms. PFS and OS were assessed from the beginning of P therapy according to randomization arm. Tumor response to P and tolerance were also analyzed. Results: Of the 464 pts randomized to either O (155), G (154) or E (155), 360 pts (78 %) received P as second-line therapy, i.e. 130 (84%), 114 (74%) and 116 (75%) in O, G and E arm, respectively. Baseline characteristics remained well balanced between arms (overall median age of 58 years, 28% female, 91% stage IV, 41% PS 0, 65/19/16%, adenocarcinoma/squamous/other, 10% non-smokers and 56% responders to induction CT). Median number of delivered P cycles was 3 (1-40) in all arms. Response rate was 19%, 7% and 15% for non-squamous pts in O, G and E, respectively. Median PFS did not significantly differ between G and O (4.2 vs 3.9 months, HR [95% CI] 0.81 [0.62-1.06]) or E and O (4.2 vs 3.9 months, HR 0.83 [0.64-1.09]). OS data showed a non-significant improvement with G vs O (HR 0.81 [0.61-1.07]) or E vs O (HR 0.80 [0.61-1.05]), with a median of 7.5, 8.3 and 9.1 months for O, G and E, respectively. Results were similar when analysis was restricted to non-squamous pts. Grade 3-4 treatment-related AEs were similar in O (33.1%), G (31.6%) and E (25%). Conclusions: Maintenance therapy with continuation of G or switch to E does not impair the efficacy of second-line P by comparison with administration after a treatment-free interval.
A phase II trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel/cisplatin/capecitabine in thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Authors: Xiaobin Wu, Jiayu Ling, Shanshan Li, Jun Xiang, Yanhong Deng, Junsheng Peng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

TPS216 Background: The Optimal care for resectable squamous cell carcinoma of thoracic esophagus is uncertain. Effecacy of cisplatin-based two agent chemotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment remains limited. The combination of docetaxel, cisplatin, and capecitabine (DCX) for squamous cell carcinoma of thoracic esophagus in neoadjuvant set has not been investigated. Here, we conducted a phase II study to assess the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with modified DCX followed by surgery in patients with resctable thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Methods: This is a single-arm prospective phase II study in Chinese patients. The main inclusion criteria are as follows: 1) Histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma of thoracic esophagus, T2-3, N0-2, T4aN0, M0 (UICC 7 th edition); 2) age: 18-75 years, ECOG PS 0-1; 3) Enteral or parenteral feeding planned before the start of treatment if oral calorie intake &lt; 1200 kcal; 4) written informed consent. Neoadjuvant modified DCX regimen consists of docetaxol 60mg/m 2 iv d1 and cisplatin 30mg/m 2 iv d1-2 and capecitabine 850mg/m 2 bid po d1-14 repeated every 21 days for 4-6 cycles, followed by Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy. Primary endpoint is 2-year overall survival rate. Key secondary endpoints include pathological response, R0/1 resection rate, disease free survival , safety and QOL by EORTC QLQ-C30. This study is recruiting in The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and registered as NCT02915965. Clinical trial information: NCT02915965.
Early lymphocyte recovery (ELR) impact on disease outcome following autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HDT/ASCT) for multiple myeloma (MM) in the era of novel agents.
Authors: Jeremy Scott McDuffie, Bipin N. Savani, Wichai Chinratanalab, Stacey Goodman, John P. Greer, Olalekan O. Oluwole, Brian G. Engelhardt, Madan H. Jagasia, Adetola Kassim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e19539 Background: Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) &gt; 500 cells/ µL on day 15 (ELR+) after HDT/ASCT, has been reported to be an independent prognostic indicator, for improved OS and PFS in patients with MM. Novel agents (immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) and proteasome inhibitors), mediate there effect through T-cell stimulation, NK cell activation, anti-proliferation, and are now main stay of therapy for MM. We sought to determine their effects on ELR, and correlated to disease outcome. Methods: A retrospective review of all MM patients seen at our institution undergoing HDT/ASCT from January 2008 to December 2012 was performed. Patients were identified from our CIBMTR database. ALC was determined pre-HDT/ASCT (T1), on day15 (T2) and d30 (T3) post-HDC/ASCT. No restrictions on inclusion were made based upon the International Myeloma Working Group response criteria. All had novel agents as part of their initial induction regimen. Disease response was determined by standard clinical and laboratory CIBMTR response criteria, and minimal residual disease status (MRD) by multiparameter flow cytometry. Results: In our study (n= 184), 52/184 patients had ELR+ while 132/184 had ALC &lt; 500 cells/mL (ELR-) at T2. 21% received IMiDs, 33% proteasome inhibitor and 46% combination therapies. 52% of the ELR+ patients were MRD negative (-) at T1, and improved to 74% and 89% at D100, and 1 year post-HDC/ASCT respectively. Similarly 63%, 70%, and 80% of the ELR- patients, were MRD (-) at similar time-points. Chi squared analysis showed no significant difference in rates of MRD (-) based on ELR. ELR also had no impact on disease status as determined by CIBMTR response criteria, or 1 year PFS and OS (p = 0.383), (p = 0.577) respectively. Multivariate analyses, using cox-regression showed no impact of ALC at T1, T2, T3, age, sex, race, cytogenetic risk, or disease stage on disease outcome. Conclusions: Novel agents improve disease control independent of ELR following HDC/ASCT. Understanding their biologic effect on immune-reconstitution will provide a platform for adoptive immunotherapy to better target minimal residual disease.
Retrospective analysis of outpatient acupuncture treatments at MD Anderson Cancer Center.
Authors: M. Kay Garcia, Lorenzo Cohen, Gabriel Lopez, Amy Spelman, Amica D Onyemeh Sea, Alejandro Chaoul, Kathrin Milbury, Qi Wei, Richard T. Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e20681 Background: Cancer patients commonly use some form of complementary and alternative medicine, including acupuncture, during cancer treatment; however, there is limited available data about the impact of acupuncture treatment provided in the outpatient oncology clinical setting. Methods: Patients receiving acupuncture from June 2011 through December 2013 were asked to complete a modified Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS; 0-10 scale) before and after each visit. ESAS subscales analyzed included Physical Distress (PHS; range 0-70) and Psychological Distress (PSS; range 0-30). Data were analyzed examining the pre- and post-scores using paired t-tests. Results: A total of 3,915 (664 initial; 3,251 follow-up) acupuncture treatments were provided to 680 patients (average 5.8 visits/patient). The modified ESAS was completed for 2,836 visits (72.4%). The highest rated symptoms reported by all patients were fatigue 2.9 (±2.5), neuropathy 2.8 (±2.8), poor sleep 2.8 (±2.6), and pain 2.5 (±2.5). Symptoms with the greatest reduction in scores from before to after acupuncture included: fatigue (-1.0), pain (-0.8), neuropathy (-0.7), and poor sleep (-0.7), all with p-values <0.0001. There was a significant reduction from pre- to post-treatment in general well-being (-0.7) and in total symptom scores (mean [SD]: 19.4 [15.5] vs. 13 [12.9]; p<0.0001; N=1744). Both the PHS subscale (total of pain, fatigue, nausea, drowsiness, appetite, shortness of breath, and sleep) and the PSS subscale (total of anxiety, depression, and general well-being) demonstrated an improvement of 33% after acupuncture treatment. Conclusions: Patients receiving acupuncture treatment at a major cancer center commonly reported symptoms of fatigue, neuropathy, poor sleep and pain with some immediate improvement in symptoms after treatment. Acupuncture appears to have both physical and psychological benefits for patients. Further research is need to identify which patients are most likely to benefit from acupuncture as an adjunct to cancer treatment.
Breast cancer treatment with everolimus and exemestane for ER+ women: Results of the first interim analysis of the noninterventional trial BRAWO.
Authors: Diana Lueftner, Florian Schuetz, Eva-Maria Grischke, Peter A. Fasching, Pauline Wimberger, Frank Gerhard Foerster, Thomas Decker, Christoph Uleer, Mathias Muth, Julia Kreuzeder, Wilhelm Bloch, Hans Tesch, Christian Jackisch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

578 Background: BRAWO is a German non-interventional study of 3000 patients with advanced or metastatic, hormone-receptor-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer treated with Everolimus (EVE) and exemestane (EXE). Here we report the results of the first preplanned interim analysis (IA). Methods: BRAWO collects data on the routine clinical treatment with EVE 10mg/d and EXE 25mg/d at about 400 sites. Main objectives are to extend the knowledge on a) the impact of physical activity on efficiency and quality of life, b) prophylaxis and management of stomatitis in clinical routine, and c) the sequence of therapy, when EVE is used in usual daily care. This first IA focuses on objectives b) and c). Results: 866 patients (pts) at 253 active sites were analyzed, 53.2% of pts were ongoing at data cut-off. Baseline characteristics: Median age: 66 yrs; median BMI: 25.8. ECOC 0-1: 90%; visceral metastasis: 55.0%; bone only metastasis: 25.1%. 28.8% pts received EVE and EXE as first treatment (first line), 30.3% as second line, 18.0% as third line and 23.0% as forth or later line in the advanced setting. Comparing the first 200 with the most recent 200 documented pts the usage as first or second line treatment increased from 53.5% to 70.0%. Patients treated in first or second line were less likely to experience any adverse event (AE) (68.7% in first or second, 81.4% in later lines, p<0.0005). 18.1% of pts had received EXE earlier in their treatment history. Of 445 pts with at least 3 months follow-up 45.8% developed stomatitis: 26.6% grade 1, 16.9% grade 2, 2.7% grade 3. 87.2% of pts received recommendations regarding stomatitis prevention from their physician. QoL remained stable over the course of the treatment. No correlation could be seen between grade of stomatitis and QoL. Regarding global health status, pts without AEs reported better values than pts with AEs. Insights into dosing and therapy sequence will also be presented. Conclusions: This IA indicates that pts receiving EVE and EXE in earlier lines are less likely to experience AE. The majority of physicians recommend their pts to take prophylactic measures to prevent stomatitis. QoL remains stable over the course of the treatment.
Randomized phase II study of CPT-11 versus PTX versus each combination chemotherapy with S-1 in patients with advanced gastric cancer refractory to S-1 or S-1 plus CDDP.
Authors: Tomono Kawase, Hiroshi Imamura, Masahiro Gotoh, Yutaka Kimura, Shugo Ueda, Jin Matsuyama, Kazuhiro Nishikawa, Naotoshi Sugimoto, Junya Fujita, Takao Tamura, Norimasa Fukushima, Ryohei Kawabata, Yukinori Kurokawa, Toshio Shimokawa, Daisuke Sakai, Toshimasa Tsujinaka, Hiroshi Furukawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

4064 Background: S-1 plus cisplatin (SP) is recognized as standard first-line chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) and S-1 monotherapy is recognized as standard adjuvant chemotherapy for locally AGC in Japan. Taxane and CPT-11 are two main options and a retrospective analysis has reported that S-1 combination chemotherapy extended overall survival (OS) as second-line chemotherapy for AGC refractory to S1-based chemotherapy. Thus, this prospective multicenter phase II study was carried out to examine efficacy and safety comparing CPT-11, PTX, and each combination chemotherapy with S-1 refractory to S-1 or SP. Methods: Patients with AGC after first-line chemotherapy with S-1 or SP, or during adjuvant chemotherapy or within 26 weeks after adjuvant chemotherapy completion with S-1 who confirmed disease progression by imaging were eligible. Patients were randomly divided into four groups by treatment as follows; Group A: CPT-11 150 mg/m2, day1, q14days, Group B: PTX 80 mg/m2, day1, 8, 15, q28days, Group C1: CPT-11 80 mg/m2, day1, 15, S-1 80 mg/m2, day1-21, q35days, Group C2: PTX 50 mg/m2, day1, 8, S-1 80 mg/m2, day1-14, q21days. Primary endpoint was OS, and secondary endpoints were progression free survival (PFS), response rate and safety. Results: From July 2008 to March 2012, 127 patients were enrolled. Median OS was 11.3/11.3/14.6/10.5 months(M) (Group A/B/C1/C2), 11.8 M in Group A+C1 and 11.1 M in Group B+C2 (p=0.922, HR: 0.981 [0.679-1.419]), and 11.3 M in Group A+B and 11.1 M in Group C1+C2 (p=0.808, HR: 0.952 [0.643-1.412]), respectively. Median PFS was 3.0/4.4/3.8/3.5 M (Group A/B/C1/C2), 3.6 M in Group A+C1 and 4.1 M in Group B+C2 (p=0.035, HR:0.674 [0.468-0.972]), and 3.7 M in Group A+B and 3.7 M in Group C1+C2 (p=0.931, HR: 1.017 [0.643-1.412]) , respectively. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events (Group A/B/C1/C2, %) were leukopenia (12/7/5/0), neutropenia (29/16/24/24), anemia (7/9/14/14), anorexia (10/2/14/10), nausea (7/2/10/5), diarrhea (5/0/10/0), and fatigue (5/2/10/5). Conclusions: The difference in OS between CPT-11 and PTX, and the efficacy of S-1 sequential therapy were not observed in second-line chemotherapy for AGC refractory to S-1 or SP. Clinical trial information: 000000677.