tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Annals Graphic Medicine - Sign Out
Authors: Grace E. Farris
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Web Exclusives4 December 2018Annals Graphic Medicine - Sign OutFREEGrace E. Farris, MDGrace E. Farris, MDMount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York (G.E.F.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G18-0012 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Take a minute's break to enjoy the latest Annals Graphic Medicine. Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York (G.E.F.)Disclosures: The author has disclosed no conflicts of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G18-0012.Author/Illustrator Information: Grace E. Farris, MD, is an assistant professor of medicine at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and chief of hospital medicine at Mount Sinai West hospital in New York, New York. You can view her work at her Web site: www.farrisgrace.com.Author Contributions: Conception and design: G.E. Farris.Drafting of the article: G.E. Farris.Critical revision for important intellectual content: G.E. Farris.Final approval of the article: G.E. Farris.Administrative, technical, or logistic support: G.E. Farris. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 4 December 2018Volume 169, Issue 11Page: W40-W44KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosureHospital medicine ePublished: 4 December 2018 Issue Published: 4 December 2018 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2018 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Anlotinib for Refractory Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer in China
Authors: Xin-Zu Chen
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Refining the TEACHH model: Towards improved clinical utility in the modern era.
Authors: Monica Shalini Krishnan, Lauren Michelle Hertan, Yu-Hui Chen, Alexandra Nichipor, Yaseer Mohammed Khouj, Cierra Zaslowe-Dude, Tracy A. Balboni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

128 Background: The TEACHH model was previously developed to predict life expectancy in patients with metastatic cancer receiving palliative radiation. However, the model was developed prior to the immunotherapy era and limited in its clinical utility due to broad ranges of survival in each prognostic group. The aim of this project is to refine the TEACHH model to improve its clinical utility in a modern cohort. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients seen in consultation for palliative radiation at two tertiary centers and 4 community satellite practices from 7/1/2015 – 12/31/2016. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to construct a prediction model for overall survival (OS), with a goal of predicting the probability of surviving to the clinically relevant timepoints of 2 months, 6 months, and 1 year. The model was stratified by consult location (tertiary vs. community). Results: A total of 744 patients were included in this analysis. The final model included: 1) Gender (Male HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.11 – 1.64) 2) ECOG PS (ECOG 1 HR 1.63, 95% CI 1.20 – 2.22, ECOG 2 HR 2.59, 95% CI 1.86 – 3.60, ECOG 3/4 HR 4.12, 95% CI 2.84 – 5.98) 3) Consultation type (Inpatient HR 1.87, 95% CI 1.40 – 2.49) 4) Primary histology 5) Number of metastases 6) Number of prior palliative chemotherapy courses. Due to interactions between primary histology and number of metastases as well as primary histology and number of prior palliative chemotherapy courses, hazard ratios for these variables are shown in Table 1. Conclusions: Our final refined TEACHH model includes 6 variables to predict OS. We hypothesize that its increased complexity will increase its sensitivity and we will validate the model in a separate patient cohort. A web-based calculator will then be created to facilitate easy use of the model. Hazard ratios of variables with significant interactions. [Table: see text]
Infectious events in mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome
Authors: R. Blaizot, E. Ouattara, A. Fauconneau, M. Beylot-Barry, A. Pham-Ledard
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Infections are one of the major causes of death in patients with advanced stage mycosis fungoides (MF) or with Sézary Syndrome (SS). However, there is little recent data about which types of infections are most commonly responsible, and about different risk factors. This study, from France, therefore looked at records from 71 patients with MF or SS. Eighty infectious events (meaning incidents where the patient suffered an infection) were recorded in 40 of the patients, including 28 skin and soft tissue infections, and 25 pneumonias. 51.8% of the infections required the patient to be admitted into hospital. Eleven infection-related deaths were recorded. SS was associated with a higher risk of infections than MF. This study confirms the importance of infectious events as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with MF and SS. A type of bacteria called S. aureus was responsible for 78% of bacterial infections, and 22% were methicillin (a type of antibiotic) resistant, a fact that needs to be taken into consideration when prescribing antibiotics. The study outlines possible ways of preventing infections, such as specific vaccinations and medicines.
Fertility Status Among Long-Term Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors Enrolled Between 1971 and 1998 in the EORTC Children Leukemia Group Trials 58741, 58831/2 and 58881
Authors: Teresa De Rojas, Michal Kicinski, Stefan Suciu, Yves Benoit, Françoise Mazingue, Els Vandecruys, Geneviève Plat, Anne Uyttebroeck, Patrick Lutz, Marie-Françoise Dresse, Pauline Simon, Claire Pluchart, Odile Minckes, Alice Ferster, Claire Freycon, Frédéric Millot, Jutte Van Der Werff, Christophe Chantrain, Robert Paulus, Pierre Rohrlich, Caroline Piette
Journal: Blood (2017)
Role of endoscopy in chronic diarrhoea when functional bowel disease is suspected
Authors: Ramesh P Arasaradnam, Julian R F Walters
Journal: Gut (2018)

We thank Ong and colleagues1 for their comment on the indication for lower GI endoscopy when functional bowel disease such as IBS diarrhoea predominant (IBS-D) is suspected.

In most patients with chronic diarrhoea, some form of endoscopic investigation will be necessary. However, it has been recommended that in young patients (less than 40 years) reporting ‘diarrhoea’ but who have other typical symptoms of a functional bowel disorder and negative initial investigations including faecal calprotectin, a positive diagnosis of IBS-D may be made in the …
Peroxisome-derived lipids regulate adipose thermogenesis by mediating cold-induced mitochondrial fission
Authors: Hongsuk Park, Anyuan He, Min Tan, Jordan M. Johnson, John M. Dean, Terri A. Pietka, Yali Chen, Xiangyu Zhang, Fong-Fu Hsu, Babak Razani, Katsuhiko Funai, Irfan J. Lodhi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

Peroxisomes perform essential functions in lipid metabolism, including fatty acid oxidation and plasmalogen synthesis. Here, we describe a role for peroxisomal lipid metabolism in mitochondrial dynamics in brown and beige adipocytes. Adipose tissue peroxisomal biogenesis was induced in response to cold exposure through activation of the thermogenic coregulator PRDM16. Adipose-specific knockout of the peroxisomal biogenesis factor Pex16 (Pex16-AKO) in mice impaired cold tolerance, decreased energy expenditure, and increased diet-induced obesity. Pex16 deficiency blocked cold-induced mitochondrial fission, decreased mitochondrial copy number, and caused mitochondrial dysfunction. Adipose-specific knockout of the peroxisomal β-oxidation enzyme acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (Acox1-AKO) was not sufficient to affect adiposity, thermogenesis, or mitochondrial copy number, but knockdown of the plasmalogen synthetic enzyme glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (GNPAT) recapitulated the effects of Pex16 inactivation on mitochondrial morphology and function. Plasmalogens are present in mitochondria and decreased with Pex16 inactivation. Dietary supplementation with plasmalogens increased mitochondrial copy number, improved mitochondrial function, and rescued thermogenesis in Pex16-AKO mice. These findings support a surprising interaction between peroxisomes and mitochondria regulating mitochondrial dynamics and thermogenesis.
A circular transcript of <i>ncx1</i> gene mediates ischemic myocardial injury by targeting miR-133a-3p
Authors: Mengyang Li, Wei Ding, Muhammad Akram Tariq, Wenguang Chang, Xuejuan Zhang, Wenhua Xu, Lin Hou, Yifei Wang, Jianxun Wang
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are considered major players in physiological and pathological processes based on their versatile regulatory roles in different diseases including cardiovascular disease. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a newly discovered class of RNAs, constitute a substantial fraction of the mammalian transcriptome and are abundantly expressed in the cardiovascular system. However, the regulatory functions of these circRNAs in ischemic cardiac disease remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of a circRNA transcribed from the sodium/calcium exchanger 1 (ncx1) gene, named circNCX1, in oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis during ischemic myocardial injury. Methods: Divergent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to amplify the circRNA. The circular structure of circNCX1 was verified by Sanger sequencing and RNase R digestion. The subcellular localization of circNCX1 was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). To test the expression pattern and function of circNCX1 during oxidative stress, H9c2 cells and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with H2O2 or hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R). Mechanistically, the interaction of circNCX1 with miRNA was examined by AGO2-IP and RNA pull-down assays. The regulatory role of circNCX1 in target gene expression was tested by western blot and luciferase reporter assays. At the animal level, we constructed a myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) mouse model to analyze the effect of circNCX1 on heart function, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac remodeling. Results: circNCX1 was increased in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promotes cardiomyocyte apoptosis by acting as an endogenous miR-133a-3p sponge. Due to competitive binding of circNCX1 to miR-133a-3p, the suppressive activity of pro-apoptotic gene cell death-inducing protein (CDIP1) by miR-133a-3p was reduced. Knockdown of circNCX1 in murine cardiomyocytes and heart tissues reduced the levels of CDIP1 and attenuated the apoptosis and I/R injury. Conclusions: Our findings reveal a novel regulatory pathway that comprises circNCX1, miR-133a-3p and CDIP1, that is involved in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. This pathway may serve as a potential therapeutic avenue for ischemic heart diseases.
Remission and Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Treated With Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone
Authors: Dickran Kazandjian, Neha Korde, Sham Mailankody, Elizabeth Hill, William D. Figg, Mark Roschewski, Ola Landgren
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

This 5-year follow-up of a phase 2 clinical trial assesses long-term durability of minimal residual disease–negative remission and time to disease progression among patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who received triplet-based induction therapy with lenalidomide maintenance therapy.
Impact of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on the survival of patients with cancer: DNR before or after cardiac arrest?
Authors: Dana Elena Giza, Mejia Rodrigo, John Crommett, Gregory Botz, Michael S. Ewer, Gloria Iliescu, Marvin Radford, James Cavalier, Maria Alma Rodriguez, Cezar Iliescu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

71 Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) after cardiac arrest in cancer patients is associated with lower survival rates when compared to non-cancer patients. The quality of life of those who survive after CPR to be discharged is often diminished. Among these patients there is a high likelihood of changing their code status to DNR. Methods: Our study determines the overall survival rate, the survival to discharge rate, and the DNR change rate postcode among cancer patients who underwent CPR in our cancer center. Data was analyzed retrospectively from electronic records of cancer patients who had cardiac arrest and underwent CPR between April 2017 and March 2018 at a tertiary cancer center. The end points included the overall survival immediately after CPR, the survival rate at 24h, the survival to discharge rate, and the DNR change rate postcode. Results: Between 2017 and 2018, a total of 396 codes were registered in cancer patients in our center, out of which 53% had cardiopulmonary arrest as trigger event. In more than 90% of the patients, average chest compression rate, average compression rate, average compression depth, and overall compression in the targeted zone were obtained, meeting all the required criteria to deliver high-quality CPR. Overall survival rate in cancer patients was 79% after CPR efforts. The survival rate at 24h was 48%, while the rate of survival to discharge was 17%. 64% of the patients changed their code status to DNR in critical care settings. Conclusions: The prognosis remains poor for cancer patients undergoing CPR. A significant proportion of patients who survive CPR will become DNR postcode. Physicians should effectively and honestly engage in discussing end of life matters with their cancer patients.
Multimodal analysis of aged wild-type mice exposed to repeated scanning ultrasound treatments demonstrates long-term safety
Authors: Daniel G. Blackmore, Fabrice Turpin, Abdalla Z Mohamed, Fangrong Zong, Rucha Pandit, Matthew Pelekanos, Fatima Nasrallah, Pankaj Sah, Perry F. Bartlett, Jürgen Götz
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

The blood-brain barrier presents a major challenge for the delivery of therapeutic agents to the brain; however, it can be transiently opened by combining low intensity ultrasound with microbubble infusion. Studies evaluating this technology have largely been performed in rodents, including models of neurological conditions. However, despite promising outcomes in terms of drug delivery and the amelioration of neurological impairments, the potential for long-term adverse effects presents a major concern in the context of clinical applications. Methods: To fill this gap, we repeatedly treated 12-month-old wild-type mice with ultrasound, followed by a multimodal analysis for up to 18 months of age. Results: We found that spatial memory in these aged mice was not adversely affected as assessed in the active place avoidance test. Sholl analysis of Golgi impregnations in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus did not reveal any changes to the neuronal cytoarchitecture. Long-term potentiation, a cellular correlate of memory, was still achievable, magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed no major changes in metabolites, and diffusion tensor imaging revealed normal microstructure and tissue integrity in the hippocampus. More specifically, all measures of diffusion appeared to support a neuroprotective effect of ultrasound treatment on the brain. Conclusion: This multimodal analysis indicates that therapeutic ultrasound for blood-brain barrier opening is safe and potentially protective in the long-term, underscoring its validity as a potential treatment modality for diseases of the brain.
Five-Year Outcomes of SWOG S1106: A Randomized Phase II US Intergroup Study of R-HCVAD Vs. R-Bendamustine Followed By Autologous Stem Cell Transplant for Patients with Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Manali Kamdar, Hongli Li, Robert W. Chen, Lisa M. Rimsza, Michael L. Leblanc, Timothy S. Fenske, Paul Barr, Tycel J. Phillips, John P. Leonard, Brad S Kahl, Jonathan W. Friedberg, Sonali M. Smith
Journal: Blood (2018)
Laser treatments in early wound healing to improve scar formation
Authors: K.E. Karmisholt, C.A. Banzhaf, M. Glud, K. Yeung, U. Paasch, A. Nast, M. Haedersdal
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

For decades, lasers have been used to treat scars on the skin. In recent years, doctors have started using lasers during the actual wound healing process, rather than after the scar has formed, to try to minimise the scar developing. However, there is not yet a set method for exactly how this should best be done. In this study, from Germany and Denmark, 30 patients having skin surgery had half of their wound treated with a type of laser called 1540 nm NAFL, immediately before surgery, at suture removal and six weeks after surgery. The other half of the wound did not get any laser treatment. Three months later the scars were assessed by experts and by the patients and using different scales. NAFL-treated halves were less red, more pliable and smoother compared to untreated halves. The authors conclude that three NAFL-treatments provided in early wound healing may improve scar formation, although NAFL-treated wounds did not heal without any scarring. It may be necessary to leave longer than three months after surgery to properly assess the scar formation and how well the treatment works.
Implementation of the Treat All Policy Among Persons with HIV Infection Enrolled in Care But Not on Antiretroviral Therapy — India, May 2017–June 2018
Authors: Kiren Mitruka, Manish Bamrotiya, Reshu Agarwal, Anwar Parvez, Ramesh Reddy Allam, Srilatha Sivalenka, Pramod Deoraj, Rajendra Prasad, Uma Devi, Padmaja Keskar, Shrikala Acharya, Priya Kannan, Ramesam Ganti, Malay Shah, Shashikant Todmal, Praveen Kumar, Nalini Chava, Ajit Rao, Sukarma Tanwar, Melissa Nyendak, Tedd Ellerbrock, Timothy H. Holtz, R.S. Gupta
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

To implement Treat All in India, 46 antiretroviral therapy (ART) centers in two states supported by the Presidentâs Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief attempted to contact 25,007 persons enrolled in HIV care but not receiving ART; 9,898 (40%) subsequently initiated ART over a 14-month period. Among those initiating ART, 6,315 (64%) began ART after being reached, including 1,635 (17%) who had been lost to follow-up.
Dietary Patterns and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among U.S. Men and Women
Authors: Yanan Ma, Wanshui Yang, Tracey G. Simon, Stephanie A. Smith‐Warner, Teresa T. Fung, Jing Sui, Dawn Chong, Trang VoPham, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Deliang Wen, Edward L. Giovannucci, Andrew T. Chan, Xuehong Zhang
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Although adherence to healthy dietary guidelines has been associated with a reduced risk of several health outcomes, including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers, little is known about the role of dietary patterns in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We prospectively assessed the associations of three key commonly used a priori dietary patterns—the Alternative Healthy Eating Index‐2010 (AHEI‐2010), Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)—with risk of incident HCC in the Health Professionals Follow‐Up Study (HPFS) and the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), two large prospective cohort studies. Diet was assessed almost every 4 years using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs). Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression. During up to 32 years of follow‐up, 160 incident HCC cases were identified. After adjustment for most HCC risk factors, participants in the highest tertile of Alternative Healthy Eating Index‐2010 (AHEI‐2010) had a multivariable HR of 0.61 (95% CI, 0.39‐0.95; P trend = 0.03), compared with those in the lowest tertile. There was a suggestive, but nonsignificant, inverse association for Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED; HR = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.49‐1.15; P trend = 0.18) and a null association for Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH; HR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.59‐1.36; P trend = 0.61) in relation to the risk of HCC development. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that better adherence to the AHEI‐2010 may decrease the risk of developing HCC among U.S. adults. Future studies are needed to replicate our results, examine these associations in other populations, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Photoacoustic microscopy reveals the hemodynamic basis of sphingosine 1-phosphate-induced neuroprotection against ischemic stroke
Authors: Rui Cao, Jun Li, Yugesh Kharel, Chenchu Zhang, Emily Morris, Webster L. Santos, Kevin R. Lynch, Zhiyi Zuo, Song Hu
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Rationale: Emerging evidence has suggested that sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive metabolite of sphingolipids, may play an important role in the pathophysiological processes of cerebral hypoxia and ischemia.However, the influence of S1P on cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism remains unclear.Material and Methods: Uniquely capable of high-resolution, label-free, and comprehensive imaging of hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism in the mouse brain without the influence of general anesthesia, our newly developed head-restrained multi-parametric photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) is well suited for this mechanistic study.Here, combining the cutting-edge PAM and a selective inhibitor of sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) that can increase the blood S1P level, we investigated the role of S1P in cerebral oxygen supply-demand and its neuroprotective effects on global brain hypoxia induced by nitrogen gas inhalation and focal brain ischemia induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO).Results: Inhibition of SphK2, which increased the blood S1P, resulted in the elevation of both arterial and venous sO2 in the hypoxic mouse brain, while the cerebral blood flow remained unchanged.As a result, it gradually and significantly reduced the metabolic rate of oxygen.Furthermore, pre-treatment of the mice subject to tMCAO with the SphK2 inhibitor led to decreased infarct volume, improved motor function, and reduced neurological deficit, compared to the control treatment with a less potent R-enantiomer.In contrast, post-treatment with the inhibitor showed no improvement in the stroke outcomes.The failure for the post-treatment to induce neuroprotection was likely due to the relatively slow hemodynamic responses to the SphK2 inhibitor-evoked S1P intervention, which did not take effect before the brain injury was induced.Conclusions: Our results reveal that elevated blood S1P significantly changes cerebral hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism under hypoxia but not normoxia.The improved blood oxygenation and reduced oxygen demand in the hypoxic brain may underlie the neuroprotective effect of S1P against ischemic stroke.