tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The anti-proliferative effects of RF EMF amplitude-modulated at tumor specific frequencies and mediation by calcium.
Authors: Hugo Jimenez, Jacquelyn W. Zimmerman, Ralph D'Agostino, Xiaohua Yi, Ivan Brezovich, Minghui Wang, Michael J. Pennison, Dongquan Chen, Niels Kuster, Frederico Costa, Alexandre Barbault, Carl F Blackman, Boris Pasche
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

11079 Background: Experimental and clinical evidence shows that whole body administration of low-level radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, amplitude-modulated (AM RF EMF) at specific frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 21 kHz has efficacy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (Costa, de Oliveira et al, 2011). In vitro studies demonstrate that AM RF EMF treatment inhibits cancer cell growth in a tumor-specific manner (Zimmerman, Pennison et al, 2012). RNA-seq analysis of HepG2 cells treated with AM RF EMF revealed altered expression of several mRNAs belonging to the IP3/DAG signaling pathway. Given the central modulatory effect of calcium in this pathway, we hypothesized that calcium modulates the growth inhibitory effect of RF EMF. Methods: HCC and ovarian cancer cell lines as well as NOD SCID mice, carrying subcutaneous HCC xenografts, were exposed to 27.12 MHz RF EMF modulated at cancer-specific frequencies or random chose frequencies using exposure systems designed to replicate human exposure levels. Huh-7 cells were cultured in the presence or absence of BAPTA, a Ca2+ chelator, for three hours daily, seven days in a row. Mice carrying Huh-7 xenografts received treatment three hours daily for six weeks. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of AM RF EMF was 0.4 W/kg, which is identical to the highest SAR measured in patients receiving treatment with this therapy. mRNA expression of key mediators of the IP3/DAG signaling pathway was analyzed. Results: Ca2+ chelation fully abrogated AM RF EMF inhibition of HCC cell growth. ARHGDIB and S100B mRNA was down regulated in Huh-7 cells treated with cancer-specific AM RF EMF. In vivo Huh-7 was significantly inhibited in mice exposed to AM RF EMF. Conclusions: Ca2+ is a necessary mediator of AM RF EMF anti-proliferative effects in HCC, which modulate the IP3/DAG signaling pathway (Costa, F. P., et al, 2011.
Abstract 16357: Identification of Circulating Proteins that Predict the Presence of Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease in Symptomatic, Non-Diabetic Patients Referred for Invasive Coronary Angiography
Authors: James Wingrove, Karen Fitch, Phil Beineke, Steven Rosenberg
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: The diagnosis of patients presenting for the first time with typical or atypical symptoms consistent with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) remains challenging; despite the existence of a number of non-invasive modalities for the assessment of CAD, the yield of obstructive CAD in patients who undergo invasive coronary angiography remains low. We sought to identify circulating protein biomarkers that might aid in the diagnosis of obstructive CAD in non-diabetic patients. Methods: 386 non-diabetic patients from the PREDICT study (NCT00500617) were divided into two independent case:control sets for initial marker discovery (Set 1, n=187) and preliminary model validation (Set 2, n=199). Cases were defined as patients with ≥50% stenosis in ≥1 major coronary artery; controls had &lt; 50% stenosis in any major coronary artery as determined by quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). In 11% of the patients QCA was not available and 70% stenosis by clinical read was used as a case threshold. 135 protein markers were evaluated in plasma from Set 1 patients using an electrochemoluminescence-based platform (MesoScale); the top markers were analyzed in Set 2 and used to develop predictive models using penalized logistic regression (LASSO). Model performance was estimated via 2500 iteration of cross validation on random holdout sets of 14 patients. Results: In a sex and age adjusted analysis, nine protein markers obtained nominal significance (p &lt; 0.05) in Set 1, with 9 additional markers trending towards significance (p 0.7); the average of these pairs was used for subsequent analysis. Top markers were evaluated in Set 2 and a five marker (Adiponectin, ApoA1, NT-proBNP, S100A8-MPO, PlGF) model was fitted via LASSO, resulting in a mean cross-validated AUC of 0.64. Conclusion: We have identified a set of plasma protein markers in subjects referred for invasive angiography, which in age and sex adjusted analysis are responsive to the presence of obstructive CAD. Use of such protein markers alone, or in combination with other genomic markers or clinical risk factors may aid in the identification of obstructive CAD in non-acute, symptomatic patients.
SUPRAPAPILLARY BILIARY STENT PLACEMENT MIGHT HAVE LONGER PATENCY TIME COMPARED TO TRANSPAPILLARY STENT PLACEMENT – A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: D Pécsi, N Farkas, P Hegyi, K Márta, Z Szakács, A Vincze
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Endoscopic biliary stent placement is a widely-accepted method for the treatment of patients with biliary stricture of benign or malignant etiology. Stent patency and function time are crucial factors in this therapeutic modality. Suprapapillary versus transpapillary stent positioning might be a contributory factor in stent function time, for that reason we aimed to conduct a meta-analysis in this comparison.
Analysing data in palliative care trials
Authors: Jamilla A Hussain, Ian R White, Miriam J Johnson, Magnus Ekstrom, David C Currow
Journal: BMJ (2018)

We commend Colantuoni and colleagues for their review on methods to compare functional outcomes in trials with high mortality.1 This is important in people with advanced, life limiting illnesses requiring palliative care.2 We have previously found that 18% of participants in palliative care trials have truncated data—for example, on quality of life—due to death.3

A survivors analysis …
Senolytics improve physical function and increase lifespan in old age
Authors: Ming Xu, Tamar Pirtskhalava, Joshua N. Farr, Bettina M. Weigand, Allyson K. Palmer, Megan M. Weivoda, Christina L. Inman, Mikolaj B. Ogrodnik, Christine M. Hachfeld, Daniel G. Fraser, Jennifer L. Onken, Kurt O. Johnson, Grace C. Verzosa, Larissa G. P. Langhi, Moritz Weigl, Nino Giorgadze, Nathan K. LeBrasseur, Jordan D. Miller, Diana Jurk, Ravinder J. Singh, David B. Allison, Keisuke Ejima, Gene B. Hubbard, Yuji Ikeno, Hajrunisa Cubro, Vesna D. Garovic, Xiaonan Hou, S. John Weroha, Paul D. Robbins, Laura J. Niedernhofer, Sundeep Khosla, Tamara Tchkonia, James L. Kirkland
Journal: Nature Medicine (2018)
Low-Fat vs Low-Carbohydrate Diets and Weight Loss
Authors: Vanita J. Rahman
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Screening for Peripheral Artery Disease Using the Ankle-Brachial Index
Authors: Janelle M. Guirguis-Blake, Corinne V. Evans, Nadia Redmond, Jennifer S. Lin
Journal: JAMA (2018)

<h3>Importance</h3> Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with a high risk for cardiovascular events and poor ambulatory function, even in the absence of symptoms. Screening for PAD with the ankle-brachial index (ABI) may identify patients in need of treatment to improve health outcomes. <h3>Objective</h3> To systematically review evidence for the US Preventive Services Task Force on PAD screening with the ABI, the diagnostic accuracy of the test, and the benefits and harms of treatment of screen-detected PAD. <h3>Data Sources</h3> MEDLINE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for relevant English-language studies published between January 2012 and May 2, 2017. Surveillance continued through February 7, 2018. <h3>Study Selection</h3> Studies of unselected or generally asymptomatic adults with no known cardiovascular disease. <h3>Data Extraction and Synthesis</h3> Independent critical appraisal and data abstraction by 2 reviewers. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Cardiovascular morbidity; PAD morbidity; mortality; health-related quality of life; diagnostic accuracy; and serious adverse events. <h3>Results</h3> Five studies (N = 5864 participants) were included that examined the indirect evidence for the benefits and harms of screening and treatment of screen-detected PAD. No population-based screening trials evaluated the direct benefits or harms of PAD screening with the ABI alone. A single diagnostic accuracy study of the ABI compared with magnetic resonance angiography gold-standard imaging (n = 306) found low sensitivity (7%-34%) and high specificity (96%-100%) in a screening population. Two adequately powered trials (n = 4626) in asymptomatic populations with and without diabetes with a variably defined low ABI (≤0.95 or ≤0.99) showed no statistically significant effect of aspirin (100 mg daily) for composite CVD outcomes (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.00 [95% CI, 0.81-1.23] and HR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.76-1.26]). One trial (n = 3350) demonstrated no statistically significant increase in major bleeding events with the use of aspirin (adjusted HR, 1.71 [95% CI, 0.99- 2.97]) and no statistically significant increase in major gastrointestinal bleeding (relative risk, 1.13 [95% CI, 0.44-2.91]). Two exercise trials (n = 932) in screen-relevant populations reported no differences in quality of life, Walking Impairment Questionnaire walking distance, or symptoms at 12 and 52 weeks; no harms were reported. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> There was no direct evidence and limited indirect evidence on the benefits of PAD screening with the ABI in unselected or asymptomatic populations. Available studies suggest low sensitivity and lack of beneficial effect on health outcomes, but these studies have important limitations.
DEVELOPMENT OF ERCP REGISTRY FOR QUALITY CONTROL AND BENCHMARKING
Authors: D Pécsi, S Gódi, F Pakodi, P Nagy, T Molnár, P Hegyi, Á Vincze
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Monitoring the efficacy and safety of invasive endoscopic procedures is crucial. One of the primary aims of our registry is to monitor relevant outcome data of ERCP.
Maximise compliance as well as radiological sensitivity
Authors: T J Anderson, F E Alexander, A E Kirkpatrick
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Screening for breast cancerRecommendations are costly and short sighted ED1TOR,-S Field and colleagues' recommendations for two view mammography, a shorter screening interval, double reading of films, training for staff, and a change in the density of the films are costly, short sighted proposals in human and economic terms.'They are an attempt to address the emerging inadequacies of a programme of dubious value in terms of the primary objective, which is to reduce morbidity and mortality from breast cancer for all women.Ciaran B J Woodman and col- leagues' paper highlighting the increased occur- rence of interval cancers (but excluding in situ disease)2 coincides with Hakoma et al's report suggesting that cancers detected by screening are less aggressive and that the reduction in mortality may therefore be less than expected.3Distributive justice demands that before more money is poured into the NHS breast screening programme we should consider the wider public health implications.4The current cost of the programme (,C2m) is more than has been allocated (Li 2m) to the NHS research and development programme for new research.To cause further imbalance would be unjustifiable in the light of the main objective of reducing mortality from breast cancer.Screening is presented as beneficial to 50-64 year old women: such women do not understand what they are agreeing to.Altogether 17-8% of resultant diagnoses are for non-invasive cancers.In the United Kingdom ductal carcinoma in situ trial the cost is L1541 per participant per year-six times the average cost of such trials per patient (,C254) a Houghton, meeting of British Oncological Association and British Oncology Data Managers Association, 9 November 1994).Yet three quarters of these women will not progress to an invasive cancer in their lifetime but nevertheless are labelled as having cancer and absorb costly resources.They are included in the mortality statistics but excluded from Woodman and colleagues' paper.We should develop a total strategy for the deployment of scarce research resources to achieve the primary objective, not shore up one costly measure for detection.The NHS policy for research and development is that evidence for the effective- ness of interventions should be sought in trials': it is time we rectified this omission for population screening and that consent, with provision of balanced information, was sought from all screened women.
Occupational Mercury Exposure at a Fluorescent Lamp Recycling Facility — Wisconsin, 2017
Authors: Erica Wilson, Jeffery S. Lafferty, Robert Thiboldeaux, Carrie Tomasallo, Barbara Grajewski, Ryan Wozniak, Jonathan Meiman
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

On May 9, 2017, Public Health Madison & Dane County contacted the Wisconsin Division of Public Health for assistance with investigation of mercury exposure among workers at a fluorescent lamp recycling facility. Public Health Madison & Dane County had been contacted by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources as part of an investigation of potential environmental contamination at the facility. Fluorescent lamps are composed of a phosphor-coated glass tube containing mercury vapor and argon. During the recycling process, lamps are crushed, releasing mercury vapor and mercury-containing dusts. State and county health officials, in collaboration with Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, conducted an investigation of mercury exposure of workers and an environmental assessment of the facility, surrounding areas, and worker vehicles. All five workers who were tested had urine mercury levels exceeding the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) biologic exposure index of 20.0 μg/g creatinine, and two had tremor on physical exam. Workers wore inadequate personal protective equipment (PPE). Mercury levels in indoor air varied within the building, with a maximum of 207.4 μg/m3 at floor level on the crushing platform, approximately eightfold higher than the ACGIH threshold limit value of 25 μg/m3 (1). Mercury also was found in workers' vehicles, indicating risk for take-home exposure. Workers at risk for mercury exposure need to have access to and consistently wear National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-approved respiratory protection for mercury vapor, nitrile or other suitable gloves to prevent contact exposure, and disposable suits with booties and change shoes before leaving the worksite to prevent take-home exposures.
Association of Height Growth in Puberty with Lung Function. A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Osama Mahmoud, Raquel Granell, Kate Tilling, Cosetta Minelli, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, John W. Holloway, Adnan Custovic, Deborah Jarvis, Jonathan Sterne, John Henderson
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2018)

Rationale: Puberty may influence lung function, but the precise role of pubertal height growth in lung development is unclear.Objectives: To examine associations of timing of puberty and peak velocity of pubertal height growth with lung function in adolescence and early adulthood.Methods: Longitudinal analyses of repeat height measurements from age 5 to 20 years for a British birth cohort with 4,772 males and 4,849 females were conducted to characterize height growth trajectories and to derive pubertal age and peak height velocity using the validated SITAR (SuperImposition by Translation and Rotation) model. Association of these estimates with prebronchodilator and post-bronchodilator spirometry measures: FEV1; FVC; FEV1/FVC; FEF25–75% at age 15 and 24 years were investigated using multivariable regression models adjusted for lung function at age 8 years, height and age at time of outcome measurements, and potential confounders.Measurements and Main Results: Later pubertal age and greater peak velocity were associated with higher FEV1 and FVC at 24 years in both sexes. A 1-year increase in pubertal age was associated with a 263-ml higher FVC (95% confidence interval [CI], 167–360 ml) for males (n = 567) and 100-ml (95% CI, 50–150 ml) higher FVC for females (n = 990). A 1-cm/yr increase in peak velocity was associated with 145-ml (95% CI, 56–234 ml) and 50-ml (95% CI, 2–99 ml) increases in FVC for males and females, respectively. No associations were found with FEV1/FVC.Conclusions: Later onset and greater peak velocity of height growth in puberty are associated with increased FEV1 and FVC in young adults but there was no evidence of dysanapsis of pubertal lung growth.
Estimating the costs of air pollution to the National Health Service and social care: An assessment and forecast up to 2035
Authors: Laura Pimpin, Lise Retat, Daniela Fecht, Laure de Preux, Franco Sassi, John Gulliver, Annalisa Belloni, Brian Ferguson, Emily Corbould, Abbygail Jaccard, Laura Webber
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2018)

Background Air pollution damages health by promoting the onset of some non-communicable diseases (NCDs), putting additional strain on the National Health Service (NHS) and social care. This study quantifies the total health and related NHS and social care cost burden due to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in England. Method and findings Air pollutant concentration surfaces from land use regression models and cost data from hospital admissions data and a literature review were fed into a microsimulation model, that was run from 2015 to 2035. Different scenarios were modelled: (1) baseline 'no change' scenario; (2) individuals' pollutant exposure is reduced to natural (non-anthropogenic) levels to compute the disease cases attributable to PM2.5 and NO2; (3) PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations reduced by 1 μg/m3; and (4) NO2 annual European Union limit values reached (40 μg/m3). For the 18 years after baseline, the total cumulative cost to the NHS and social care is estimated at £5.37 billion for PM2.5 and NO2 combined, rising to £18.57 billion when costs for diseases for which there is less robust evidence are included. These costs are due to the cumulative incidence of air-pollution-related NCDs, such as 348,878 coronary heart disease cases estimated to be attributable to PM2.5 and 573,363 diabetes cases estimated to be attributable to NO2 by 2035. Findings from modelling studies are limited by the conceptual model, assumptions, and the availability and quality of input data. Conclusions Approximately 2.5 million cases of NCDs attributable to air pollution are predicted by 2035 if PM2.5 and NO2 stay at current levels, making air pollution an important public health priority. In future work, the modelling framework should be updated to include multi-pollutant exposure–response functions, as well as to disaggregate results by socioeconomic status.
Abstract 4437: Genome-Wide Association Study for the Response to Antihypertensive Medication: HOMED-BP-GENE Study
Authors: Tomohiro Katsuya, Kei Asayama, Ryusuke Inoue, Ken Sugimoto, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Hirohito Metoki, Taku Obara, Kazuhiko Ishiakwa, Tomomi Fujisawa, Mitsuru Ohishi, Toshio Ogihara, Yutaka Imai, Hiromi Rakugi
Journal: Circulation (2008)

AAntihypertensive therapy is a powerful approach to prevent the cardiovascular disease. However, the responsiveness of the therapy is highly individual due to the variability of genetic or environmental factors. To elucidate the genetic background underlying antihypertensive drug responsiveness, we carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The subjects studied were recruited from the participants of HOMED-BP study (UMIN Registered ID C000000137, http://www.cpt.med.tohoku.ac.jp/HOMED-BP/) after obtaining the informed consent for the genetic analysis. After DNA extraction from peripheral blood, about half million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were examined using GeneChip Genome-Wide Human SNP5.0 Array (Affymetrix). Home blood pressure (HBP) was measured every day within 1 hour after wake-up and before going to bed using HEM747-IC-N (Omron). The study protocol was approved by the ethical committee of Osaka University. SNP5.0 Array analysis was demonstrated for 300 participants. Antihypertensive therapy for 4weeks decreased their average HBP from 149.9/88.8mmHg to 137.7/82.2mmHg in early morning and 142.6/82.3mmHg to 129.1/74.7mmHg before going to bed. We excluded the SNPs data that showed low call rate, lack of Hardy-Weinberg’s equilibrium and minor allele frequency less than 0.05. Eight SNPs were significantly (p&lt;0.001) associated with mean HBP reduction both in the early morning and at bedtime. Nine SNPs were more significantly (p&lt;0.0001) associated with morning HBP reduction and 3 SNPs were associated with bedtime HBP reduction. In conclusion, GWAS of antihypertensive medication revealed several candidate loci responsible for a month therapy with the difference between morning and evening.
Abstract 1411: Suppression of Insulin Signaling Attenuates Cardiac Aging in Mice
Authors: Yasutaka Inuzuka, Tetsuo Shioi, Takao Kato, Yodo Tamaki, Tsuneaki Kawashima, Yoshitaka Iwanaga, Toru Kita, Yuki Yoshida, Rie Kosugi, Kayo Watanabe-Maeda, Yoji Machida, Tohru Izumi
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Aging is a major risk factor for heart failure. Suppression of the insulin signaling pathway increases the lifespan of model organisms. We tested whether the alteration of insulin signaling modifies the cardiac aging process. We analyzed young (12 week old) and aged (64 – 80 week old) wild type (WT) mice, and young and aged transgenic mice that expressed dominant-negative phosphoinositide-3-kinase (dnPI3K) in a heart-specific manner. PI3K is a major downstream effector of insulin. We analyzed heart function using cardiac catheterization under dobutamine infusion. Max dp/dt in aged dnPI3K mice was higher than that in aged WT mice, and heart rate was not different between aged WT and aged dnPI3K mice. The extent of myocardial fibrosis in aged WT mice was significantly greater than that in young WT mice, and this increase was attenuated in aged dnPI3K mice (area in %; 0.06 ±0.01 vs. 1.57 ±0.23 vs. 0.56 ±0.13, mean ±SEM). The amount of p16, the representative marker of aging, was increased in aged WT mice compared to that in young WT mice, and this increase was attenuated in aged dnPI3K mice. The age associated increases in proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers were attenuated in dnPI3K mice. Gene expression profiling using microarray analyses identified 157 genes whose expression was decreased in aged WT mice compared to young WT mice. The expression of these down-regulated genes was significantly preserved in aged dnPI3K mice. In conclusion, the insulin signaling is likely to be a conserved mechanism that regulates the aging process in mammals, and the suppression of insulin signaling attenuated an age-associated decline in cardiac function.