tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Modern Therapeutic Approaches for Noninfectious Ocular Diseases Involving Inflammation
Authors: Michelle L. Ratay, Elena Bellotti, Riccardo Gottardi, Steven R. Little
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Abstract Dry eye disease, age‐related macular degeneration, and uveitis are ocular diseases that significantly affect the quality of life of millions of people each year. In these diseases, the action of chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and immune cells drives a local inflammatory response that results in ocular tissue damage. Multiple therapeutic strategies are developed to either address the symptoms or abate the underlying cause of these diseases. Herein, the challenges to deliver drugs to the relevant location in the eye for each of these diseases are reviewed along with current and innovative therapeutic approaches that attempt to restore homeostasis within the ocular microenvironment.
Aberrant Expression of the SOX11 Oncogene in Mantle Cell Lymphoma Is Associated with Activation and De Novo 3D Looping of a Distant Enhancer Element
Authors: Roser Vilarrasa-Blasi, Ana C. Queirós, Renée Beekman, Nuria Russiñol, Giancarlo Castellano, Julie Blanc, François Serra, Sílvia Beà, Marta Kulis, Núria Verdaguer-Dot, Anna Enjuanes, Anke Bergmann, Itziar Salaverria, Harmen J.G. van de Werken, Avik Datta, Paul Flicek, Joost H.A. Martens, Hendrik G. Stunnenberg, Marta Gut, Marc A. Marti-Renom, Ivo G. Gut, Reiner Siebert, Elias Campo, José I. Martin-Subero
Journal: Blood (2016)
nab-Paclitaxel (nab-P) plus gemcitabine (G) for patients (Pts) with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC): Interim efficacy and safety results from the Phase 2 LAPACT Trial
Authors: P.A. Philip, J. Lacy, F. Portales, A. Sobrero, R. Pazo-Cid, J.L. Manzano Mozo, E.S. Kim, S. Dowden, A. Zakari, C. Borg, E. Terrebonne, F. Rivera Herrero, J. Shiansong Li, T.J. Ong, T. Nydam, P. Hammel
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Prevalence of asthma-like symptoms with ageing
Authors: Debbie Jarvis, Roger Newson, Christer Janson, Angelo Corsico, Joachim Heinrich, Josep M Anto, Michael J Abramson, Anne-Marie Kirsten, Jan Paul Zock, Roberto Bono, Pascal Demoly, Bénédicte Leynaert, Chantal Raherison, Isabelle Pin, Thorarinn Gislason, Rain Jogi, Vivi Schlunssen, Cecilie Svanes, John Watkins, Joost Weyler, Antonio Pereira-Vega, Isabel Urrutia, Jose A Gullón, Bertil Forsberg, Nicole Probst-Hensch, H Marike Boezen, Jesús Martinez-Moratalla Rovira, Simone Accordini, Roberto de Marco, Peter Burney
Journal: Thorax (2017)

Background Change in the prevalence of asthma-like symptoms in populations of ageing adults is likely to be influenced by smoking, asthma treatment and atopy. Methods The European Community Respiratory Health Survey collected information on prevalent asthma-like symptoms from representative samples of adults aged 20–44 years (29 centres in 13 European countries and Australia) at baseline and 10 and 20 years later (n=7844). Net changes in symptom prevalence were determined using generalised estimating equations (accounting for non-response through inverse probability weighting), followed by meta-analysis of centre level estimates. Findings Over 20 years the prevalence of ‘wheeze’ and ‘wheeze in the absence of a cold’ decreased (−2.4%, 95% CI −3.5 to −1.3%; −1.5%, 95% CI −2.4 to −0.6%, respectively) but the prevalence of asthma attacks, use of asthma medication and hay fever/nasal allergies increased (0.6%, 95% CI 0.1 to 1.11; 3.6%, 95% CI 3.0 to 4.2; 2.7%, 95% CI 1.7 to 3.7). Changes were similar in the first 10 years compared with the second 10 years, except for hay fever/nasal allergies (increase seen in the first 10 years only). Decreases in these wheeze-related symptoms were largely seen in the group who gave up smoking, and were seen in those who reported hay fever/nasal allergies at baseline. Interpretation European adults born between 1946 and 1970 have, over the last 20 years, experienced less wheeze, although they were more likely to report asthma attacks, use of asthma medication and hay fever. Decrease in wheeze is largely attributable to smoking cessation, rather than improved treatment of asthma. It may also be influenced by reductions in atopy with ageing.
Paclitaxel every-3-weeks versus weekly paclitaxel and versus weekly vinorelbine in metastatic breast cancer
Authors: L. Katselashvili, I. Kiladze, M. Katcharava, N. Jokhadze, T. Melkadze, A. Matitashvili, M. Zhvania, N. Sharikadze, F. Todua
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Updated survival results of FACT trial: Multicenter phase II trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with mFOLFOX6 for stage II/III rectal cancer with a T3/T4 tumor
Authors: H. Hasegawa, K. Okabayashi, M. Tsuruta, J. Koike, K. Funahashi, H. Yokomizo, K. Yoshimatsu, H. Kan, T. Yamada, H. Ishida, K. Ishibashi, Y. Saida, T. Enomoto, K. Katsumata, K. Koda, T. Ochiai, K. Sakamoto, S. Ogawa, M. Itabashi, S. Kameoka
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
GW28-e0901 Pre-hospital medication utilization in patients occurring repeat myocardial infarction within one year after PCI: findings from CCC-ACS project
Authors: Mengge Zhou, Jing Liu, Jun Liu, Yongcheng Hao, Ying Wang, Yang Guo, Yueyan Xing, Dong Zhao
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Abstract 17506: Recipient Anemia Accelerates Cardiopulmonary Bypass-related Inflammatory Response to Cause Primary Graft Failure in Adult Heart Transplantation
Authors: Yuki Nakamura, Shunsuke Saito, Shigeru Miyagawa, Yasushi Yoshikawa, Satsuki Fukushima, Keitaro Domae, Kaori Kubota, Koichi Toda, Yoshiki Sawa
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background:  Primary graft failure (PGF) is associated with poor outcome after heart transplantation (HTX). While donor factors have been intensively studied as a cause of PGF, recipient factors are not fully understood. We herein hypothesized that systemic inflammatory response in the recipient, triggered by operative intervention, may be associated with PGF post- HTX.   Method:  An institutional consecutive series of 57 patients undergoing adult HTX since 2007 were enrolled in this study. Blood plasma was sampled before cardiopulmonary bypass, at the time of donor heart reperfusion, at 1 hour and at 24 hours after reperfusion to measure interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. PGF was defined according to the severity scale by The International Society of Heart Lung Transplantation consensus meeting 2014. The cohort was divided into 14 patients (24.5%) developing moderate to severe PGF and the remaining 43 patients.   Result:  Donor factors, such as age, gender, cardiac function or ischemic time, were not significantly different between the 2 groups. In addition, background or characteristics of the recipients, including age, gender, assist device or preoperative status, was not significantly different between the 2 groups. Although IL-6 was not different between the 2 groups prior to the cardiopulmonary bypass, the PGF group exhibited a significantly higher IL-6 than the non-PGF group at the time of reperfusion, 1 hour and 24 hours after reperfusion. In contrast, IL-8 was not significantly different over the study period. Interestingly, hemoglobin level at the time of reperfusion was significantly lower in the PGF group (7.8±1.2 mg/dl) than that in the non-PGF group (9.3±1.1 mg/dl,  P   P  = 0.0206) with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves being 0.825. The cutoff level of hemoglobin was 9.1 mg/dl with a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 56%, respectively.   Conclusions:  PGF after HTX was related to plasma IL-6 and hemoglobin levels of the recipient at the time of the reperfusion of the donor heart, suggesting that perioperative management of the recipient may be important to prevent PGF post-HTX.
Therapeutic strategies utilizing SDF-1α in ischaemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Oliver J Ziff, Daniel I Bromage, Derek M Yellon, Sean M Davidson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2017)

Heart failure is rapidly increasing in prevalence and will redraw the global landscape for cardiovascular health. Alleviating and repairing cardiac injury associated with myocardial infarction (MI) is key to improving this burden. Homing signals mobilize and recruit stem cells to the ischaemic myocardium where they exert beneficial paracrine effects. The chemoattractant cytokine SDF-1α and its associated receptor CXCR4 are upregulated after MI and appear to be important in this context. Activation of CXCR4 promotes both cardiomyocyte survival and stem cell migration towards the infarcted myocardium. These effects have beneficial effects on infarct size, and left ventricular remodelling and function. However, the timing of endogenous SDF-1α release and CXCR4 upregulation may not be optimal. Furthermore, current ELISA-based assays cannot distinguish between active SDF-1α, and SDF-1α inactivated by dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). Current therapeutic approaches aim to recruit the SDF-1α-CXCR4 pathway or prolong SDF-1α life-time by preventing its cleavage by DPP4. This review assesses the evidence supporting these approaches and proposes SDF-1α as an important confounder in recent studies of DPP4 inhibitors.
Disparities and change over time in distance women would need to travel to have an abortion in the USA: a spatial analysis
Authors: Jonathan M Bearak, Kristen Lagasse Burke, Rachel K Jones
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2017)

BackgroundAbortion can help women to control their fertility and is an important component of health care for women. Although women in the USA who live further from an abortion clinic are less likely to obtain an abortion than women who live closer to an abortion clinic, no national study has examined inequality in access to abortion and whether inequality has increased as the number of abortion clinics has declined.MethodsFor this analysis, we obtained data on abortion clinics for 2000, 2011, and 2014 from the Guttmacher Institute's Abortion Provider Census. Block groups and the percentage of women aged 15–44 years by census tract were obtained from the US Census Bureau. Distance to the nearest clinic was calculated for the population-weighted centroid of every block group. We calculated the median distance to an abortion clinic for women in each county and the median and 80th percentile distances for each state by weighting block groups by the number of women of reproductive age (15–44 years).FindingsIn 2014, women in the USA would have had to travel a median distance of 10·79 miles (17·36 km) to reach the nearest abortion clinic, although 20% of women would have had to travel 42·54 miles (68·46 km) or more. We found substantially greater variation within than between states because, even in mostly rural states, women and clinics were concentrated in urban areas. We identified spatial disparities in abortion access, which were broadly unchanged, at least as far back as 2000.InterpretationWe showed substantial and persistent spatial disparities in access to abortion in the USA. These results contribute to an emerging literature documenting similar disparities in other high-income countries.FundingAn anonymous grant to the Guttmacher Institute.
A Last Draw From the Boneyard
Authors: Dustin C. Buller
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Strategy for sensitive and specific somatic SNV/InDel calling: Leveraging different callers with in-house generated gold standard variant sets.
Authors: Xiu Huang, Ruobai Sun, Pablo Cingolani, Andrew Bjonnes, Stephen Lyle, Alexei Protopopov, Dana Vuzman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e13104 Background: Somatic mutation calling is critical for cancer genotyping. Although rapid development of mutation detection is witnessed with the maturity of NGS, the need for high sensitivity often results in compromised specificity and manual inspection. Here, we propose a methodology that leverages different variant callers to account for specificity without compromising sensitivity. Methods: We designed a cohort of training samples (n = 22), each with known set of SNVs/InDels that were discovered by KEW CANCERPLEX platform. We assessed the performance of four prevailing mutation callers that utilize different statistical approaches and therefore have different calls, using the training samples. We optimized the parameters of the four variant callers to detect all expected variants. We then examined the intersections of every combination of the four callers and identified the best one that eliminated the highest rate of false calls. A customized tool was developed for the intersection of component SNVs and InDels and the report differences among different callers. We also collected another set of validation samples (n = 28), each with true mutations that were both curated and orthogonally validated. We used this set to further test the efficacy of the refined calling strategy. Results: From the training samples, we chose the combination that provides highest sensitivity and specificity. This refined mutation calling strategy removed ~20% false SNV calls and ~50% false InDel calls in average for each sample. This result was further confirmed by the validation samples. Conclusions: The curated set of mutations from the genetic test platforms can provide valuable gold standard to test and tune mutation callers. The conclusions drawn from the curated variants are in line with the experimentally validated variants and showcase the validity of this practice, which we applied to demonstrate that the strategy of intersecting variants from optimized variant callers will generate mutation calls of higher specificity without compromising sensitivity. This methodology reduces the number of variants for curation and improves curation procedures and turn-around time.
Gun injuries cost US nearly $3bn a year in hospital charges
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Firearm injuries cost the United States $2.8bn (£2.1bn; €2.4bn) a year in hospital charges and $46bn a year in lost work and medical care, a new study has shown.

The report in Health Affairs analyzed a nationally representative sample of patients who presented alive to US hospital emergency departments with firearm related injuries between 2006 and 2014.1

The authors, using data from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, identified 151 000 …
Phase II study of the FGFR inhibitor AZD4547 in previously treated patients with FGF pathway-activated stage IV squamous cell lung cancer (SqNSCLC): LUNG-MAP sub-study SWOG S1400D.
Authors: Charu Aggarwal, Mary Weber Redman, Primo Lara, Hossein Borghaei, Philip C. Hoffman, Jeffrey D. Bradley, Katie Griffin, Jieling Miao, Philip C. Mack, Vassiliki Papadimitrakopoulou, Roy S. Herbst, Karen Kelly, David R. Gandara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

9055 Background: LungMAP is a National Clinical Trials Network umbrella trial for previously-treated SqNSCLC. S1400D is a phase II biomarker-driven therapeutic sub-study evaluating the FGFR inhibitor AZD4547 in patients (pts) with FGFR positive chemo-refractory SqNSCLC. Methods: Eligible pts had tumor FGFR alteration and/or mutation by next generation sequencing (Foundation Medicine), measurable disease, Zubrod PS 0-2, progression after 1 line of systemic therapy, and adequate end organ function. Receipt of prior immunotherapy was allowed. Eligible pts received AZD4547 80 mg bid orally. Primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) by RECIST; secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and duration of response (DoR). Originally designed as a randomized trial of AZD4547 versus docetaxel, it was redesigned to be a single arm AZD4547 trial with the emergence of immunotherapy as standard 2 nd line therapy. Forty pts were required to rule out an ORR of &lt; = 15% if the true ORR was &gt; 35% (90% power, alpha 0.05). Results: 93 pts (13% of pts screened on S1400) were assigned to S1400D; 43 were enrolled with 28 receiving AZD4547. Pt characteristics: median age 66.3 y (49-88), female (n = 8, 29%), &amp; Caucasian (n = 25; 89%). Biomarker profile: FGFR1 amplification (n = 38; 86%); FGFR3 S249C (n = 4; 9%); FGFR3 amplification (n = 3; 7%); and FGFR3 fusion (n = 2; 5%). Nine pts (26%) had more than one biomarker alteration. The study was closed at interim analysis for futility in October 2016. Treatment related Grade 3 AEs were seen in 5 pts (dyspnea, fatigue, hyponatremia, lung infection &amp; retinopathy); 1 pt had Grade 4 sepsis. There were no Grade 5 AEs. Median follow up among alive pts was 4.3 months (mos). Of 25 response evaluable pts, one with FGFR3 S249C had unconfirmed PR (4%, 95% CI 1-20%) with DoR of 1.5 mos. Median PFS was 2.7 mos (95% CI 1.4 - 4.3 mos). Conclusions: This is the first Phase II trial to evaluate AZD4547 as a targeted approach in pts with previously treated FGFR-altered SqNSCLC. AZD4547 had an acceptable safety profile but minimal activity in this biomarker-enriched cohort. Evaluation of other targeted agents in LUNG-MAP is currently ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT02965378.
Management of thrombosis in cancer patients in Greece
Authors: N. Tsoukalas, E. Bournakis, A. Adamidis, C. Andreadis, K. Arvaniti, A. Christopoulou, S. Douna, J.D. Moreno, G. Goumas, L. Kostadima, P. Makaronis, T. Makatsoris, D. Doufexis, G. Papatsimpas, I. Sgouros, E. Stergiou, P. Thalassinou, I. Boukovinas, P. Papakotoulas, I. Varthalitis
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Brain MRI in Infants after Maternal Zika Virus Infection during Pregnancy
Authors: Mehdi Mejdoubi, Alice Monthieux, Tiphaine Cassan, Catherine Lombard, Olivier Flechelles, Clara Adenet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

In Martinique, systematic perinatal assessment was performed in pregnant women acutely infected with Zika virus and was correlated with MRI evaluations of the neonates.
Anchoring the snare tip using a small incision in the submucosa facilitates en bloc endoscopic mucosal resection for sporadic duodenal adenomas
Authors: Emmanuel Forté, Jérémie Jacques, Jérôme Rivory, Florian Rostain, Jean-Christophe Saurin, Thierry Ponchon, Mathieu Pioche
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Sporadic duodenal adenomas are rare with an estimated prevalence of 0.31 % – 4.6 % on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy [1].
CD56bright NK cells exhibit potent antitumor responses following IL-15 priming
Authors: Julia A. Wagner, Maximillian Rosario, Rizwan Romee, Melissa M. Berrien-Elliott, Stephanie E. Schneider, Jeffrey W. Leong, Ryan P. Sullivan, Brea A. Jewell, Michelle Becker-Hapak, Timothy Schappe, Sara Abdel-Latif, Aaron R. Ireland, Devika Jaishankar, Justin A. King, Ravi Vij, Dennis Clement, Jodie Goodridge, Karl-Johan Malmberg, Hing C. Wong, Todd A. Fehniger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2017)

NK cells, lymphocytes of the innate immune system, are important for defense against infectious pathogens and cancer. Classically, the CD56dim NK cell subset is thought to mediate antitumor responses, whereas the CD56bright subset is involved in immunomodulation. Here, we challenge this paradigm by demonstrating that brief priming with IL-15 markedly enhanced the antitumor response of CD56bright NK cells. Priming improved multiple CD56bright cell functions: degranulation, cytotoxicity, and cytokine production. Primed CD56bright cells from leukemia patients demonstrated enhanced responses to autologous blasts in vitro, and primed CD56bright cells controlled leukemia cells in vivo in a murine xenograft model. Primed CD56bright cells from multiple myeloma (MM) patients displayed superior responses to autologous myeloma targets, and furthermore, CD56bright NK cells from MM patients primed with the IL-15 receptor agonist ALT-803 in vivo displayed enhanced ex vivo functional responses to MM targets. Effector mechanisms contributing to IL-15-based priming included improved cytotoxic protein expression, target cell conjugation, and LFA-1-, CD2-, and NKG2D-dependent activation of NK cells. Finally, IL-15 robustly stimulated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MEK/ERK pathways in CD56bright compared with CD56dim NK cells, and blockade of these pathways attenuated antitumor responses. These findings identify CD56bright NK cells as potent antitumor effectors that warrant further investigation as a cancer immunotherapy.
Letrozole and palbociclib versus 3rd generation chemotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment of minal breast cancer. Results of the UNICANCER-eoPAL study
Authors: P. Cottu, V. D'Hondt, S. Dureau, F. Lerebours, I. Desmoulins, P-E. Heudel, F. Duhoux, C. Levy, M-A. Mouret-Reynier, F. Dalenc, J-S. Frenel, C. Jouannaud, L. Venat-Bouvet, S. Nguyen, J-M. Ferrero, J-L. Canon, J. Grenier, J. Lemonnier, A. Vincent-Salomon, S. Delaloge
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Control measures following a case of imported Lassa fever from Togo, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany, 2016
Authors: Clara Lehmann, Matthias Kochanek, Diana Abdulla, Stephan Becker, Boris Böll, Anne Bunte, Daniel Cadar, Arno Dormann, Markus Eickmann, Petra Emmerich, Torsten Feldt, Christina Frank, Jochen Fries, Martin Gabriel, Udo Goetsch, René Gottschalk, Stephan Günther, Michael Hallek, Dieter Häussinger, Christian Herzog, Björn Jensen, Felix Kolibay, Michael Krakau, Georg Langebartels, Toni Rieger, Lars Schaade, Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit, Edgar Schömig, Gundolf Schüttfort, Alexander Shimabukuro-Vornhagen, Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon, Ulrike Wieland, Gerhard Wiesmüller, Timo Wolf, Gerd Fätkenheuer
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2017)

In a patient transferred from Togo to Cologne, Germany, Lassa fever was diagnosed 12 days post mortem. Sixty-two contacts in Cologne were categorised according to the level of exposure, and gradual infection control measures were applied. No clinical signs of Lassa virus infection or Lassa specific antibodies were observed in the 62 contacts. Thirty-three individuals had direct contact to blood, other body fluids or tissue of the patients. Notably, with standard precautions, no transmission occurred between the index patient and healthcare workers. However, one secondary infection occurred in an undertaker exposed to the corpse in Rhineland-Palatinate, who was treated on the isolation unit at the University Hospital of Frankfurt. After German authorities raised an alert regarding the imported Lassa fever case, an American healthcare worker who had cared for the index patient in Togo, and who presented with diarrhoea, vomiting and fever, was placed in isolation and medevacked to the United States. The event and the transmission of Lassa virus infection outside of Africa underlines the need for early diagnosis and use of adequate personal protection equipment (PPE), when highly contagious infections cannot be excluded. It also demonstrates that larger outbreaks can be prevented by infection control measures, including standard PPE.