tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Crackdown on Stem Cell Product
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MALNUTRITION AND MORTALITY IN OLDER ADULTS UNDERGOING AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT
Authors: Michael Goldfarb, Sandra Lauck, John Webb, Anita Asgar, Louis Perrault, Nicolo Piazza, Giuseppe Martucci, Kevin Lachapelle, Nicolas Noiseux, Dae Hyun Kim, Jeffrey Popma, Thierry Lefèvre, Marino Labinaz, Andre Lamy, Mark Peterson, Rakesh Arora, Philippe Généreux, José Morais, Jean-Francois Morin, Lawrence Rudski, Jonathan Afilalo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
A bad smell⇓
Authors: Nicola Sharp
Journal: BMJ (2004)

“There's a funny smell in here,” muttered Douglas.

“This is your new accommodation.” David Millstone led a group of junior doctors into Woodside ward.

“It's a ward,” said Janet.

“We have made alterations,” said David.

“But where do we sleep?” asked Alice.

“This smell reminds me of something.” Douglas coughed.

“I think you'll find these comfortable,” said David.

“These strange black leather chairs?” said Alice.

“Sit down here, What's your name?” David peered at Alice's name badge.

“Where are your glasses, Dad?” asked Douglas.

Alice sat down on one of the chairs. David pressed a button. Alice's head and shoulders fell back while her legs sprang up into a horizontal position.

“We got them from the dental hospital,” said David.

“You have sold off the doctors' residence and now you expect us to sleep in dentist's chairs?” asked Janet.

“That's what I can smell,” said Douglas, “the smell of dentists.”

“And the smell of deceit,” said Janet.

“You don't have much need for sleep,” said David. “You'll hardly be working at all from August.”

“I shall phone the BMA,” said Janet.

“You don't know how lucky you are. I did a one in two when I was a house officer,” said David.

“Mother was right,” said …
Is it possible to get an elective placement with a nongovernmental organisation in an area of the world considered to be a conflict zone?
Authors: Mark Wilson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

<i>Got a career or related problem that needs answering? Can9t find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone (www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone) for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site.</i>
Letter by Cerit Regarding Article, “Cerebral Perfusion and the Risk of Dementia: A Population-Based Study”
Authors: Levent Cerit
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Dementia: A Population-Based Study" by Wolters et al, 1 recently published in the journal, with great interest.The investigators reported that cerebral hypoperfusion is associated with accelerated cognitive decline and increased risk of dementia in the general population.These findings support a role of cerebral hypoperfusion in the pathophysiology of dementia. 1trial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia, affecting ≈30 million people worldwide.The presence of AF is associated with a significant increase in cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.AF is associated with late-life dementia.This association is not only found in vascular dementia, but also in Alzheimer disease.One important possible explanation is the increased incidence of stroke. 2,3Moreover, Ott et al 4 have demonstrated that AF is still associated with dementia and Alzheimer disease even among patients who have AF without stroke.AF has been postulated to impose additional demands on the autoregulation process via direct loss of cardiac output from the lack of atrial contribution to systole and from variability in R-R intervals with resultant changes in ventricular loading and electromechanical coupling.As such, AF may act to independently worsen cerebral hypoperfusion injury, especially in elderly patients.Growing evidence demonstrates that AF is associated with both vascular dementia and Alzheimer disease. 5n this context, considering the close association between AF and dementia, the correlation of this study's result 1 with the presence of AF might be beneficial.
Abstract 1388: <i>Hdlq14</i> Gene, A New Gene Regulating HDL Levels
Authors: Zhiguang Su, Allison Cox, Yuan Shen, Ioannis Stylianou, Beverly Paigen
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background . The discovery of new genes responsible for regulation of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) has great clinical relevance since increases in HDL can reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis is a means of finding novel genes that regulate complex traits, such as atherosclerosis and HDL. Hdlq14 and Hdlq15 , two closely linked QTLs for HDL on mouse Chr 1, have been detected by using an intercross between strains C57BL/6 (B6) and 129S1/SvImJ (129). Apoa2 is the gene for Hdlq15 locus, but the gene for Hdlq14 is unknown. Methods: To confirm the Hdlq14 and identify the candidate gene, we performed QTL analysis in a F2 population generated from strains NZB and NZW, which are same at Apoa2 to avoid its strong effect on the nearby QTL. Hdlq14 was further narrowed by several strategies including combining crosses, comparative genomics, and haplotype analysis. The reduced lists of candidate genes were evaluated by their expression or sequence differences between the strains that caused the Hdlq14 . Finally, other HDL crosses, including NZOxNON, B6xC3H, and Pera x D2, were examined to point out the QTL gene. The relationship between the polymorphism at the Hdlq14 gene and HDL was analyzed in 43 genetically diverse mouse strains. Results: Hdlq14 was proved in cross NZBxNZW and the critical interval was reduced from 45 Mb harboring 271 genes to 1.65 Mb containing 15 genes by using bioinformatics tools. Six of these 15 genes have polymorphisms that changed an amino acid; and two genes were found have a significant expression difference between strains B6 and 129. The Hdlq14 gene was further pointed out using HDL QTL identified in crosses including NZOxNON, B6xC3H, and PeraxDBA. In 43 genetically diverse mouse strains, we found that strains with one allele of the Hdlq14 had significantly higher plasma HDL levels than those with the other variant. Conclusions: The Hdlq14 was identified as a new HDL-regulating gene.
cfDNA TP53 mutations with treatment history and disease progression in metastatic CRPC.
Authors: Lynne Chapman, Elisa Ledet, Marcus Marie Moses, Ashkan Shahbandi, Peter Steinwald, Bryce Raymon Christensen, Patrick Cotogno, Joshua Schiff, Jodi Lyn Layton, Brian E. Lewis, A. Oliver Sartor
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

263 Background: Cell free DNA (cfDNA) has made it possible to actively monitor alterations of genes during the course of therapy. Herein we evaluate cfDNA pathologic mutations in TP53 after treatment resistance to AR targeted therapy and taxanes in mCRPC. In addition to the presence or absence of pathologic mutations, the quantity of the mutations was characterized as present/absent, quantitatively as &gt; or &lt; 1%, or &gt;or &lt;10%. Methods: A retrospective study was done for 111 patients, with 226 separate cfDNA testing dates. Each cfDNA test was treated as an individual sample; of the 226 tests, 112 were positive for pathologic TP53 mutations, and 114 were negative. Treatment histories were collected and TP53 data analyzed in relation to resistance for abiraterone (abi), enzalutamide (enza), abi + enza, or abi + enza and a taxane. Treatment resistance was categorized as being present for those patients completing therapy with an agent. Results: Patients with pathologic TP53 mutations were more likely to have had progression after a novel hormone and a taxane (P = 0.005). Higher concentrations of TP53 mutational loads as measured by cfDNA concentration of &gt;1% and &gt;10% were more likely to be present in patients progressing after a taxane, abi, and enza. Common alterations associated with TP53 included AR amplifications and mutations, MYC amplifications, and BRCA2 mutations. Conclusions: TP53 mutations in cfDNA of mCRPC are progressively more likely to be present in patients, especially after patients receiving both taxanes and a novel hormonal agent. The predictive and prognostic significance of these changes are being further evaluated.[Table: see text]
Two thirds of foundation doctors secured specialty training posts in 2012
Authors: Helen Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Two thirds (67%) of doctors who successfully completed the foundation programme in August 2012 were appointed to a specialty training post in the United Kingdom, down slightly from 71.3% in 2011.

A total of 7.4% were still seeking employment as a doctor in the UK, and 5.5% were seeking employment as a doctor outside the UK, a rise from 6.3% and 3.7%, respectively, in 2011. 

Some of those who did not take up a UK specialty training post secured either a service post …
CSF3R-mutated chronic neutrophilic leukemia: long-term outcome in 19 consecutive patients and risk model for survival
Authors: Natasha Szuber, Christy M. Finke, Terra L. Lasho, Michelle A. Elliott, Curtis A. Hanson, Animesh Pardanani, Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2018)

Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) is a rare BCR-ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN), whose molecular pathogenesis transitioned from obscurity to the limelight with the seminal identification of oncogenic colony stimulating factor 3 receptor (CSF3R) mutations in the vast majority of CNL patients in 2013 1 .The unifying features of CNL consist of sustained mature neutrophil proliferation, bone marrow granulocytic hyperplasia, and hepatosplenomegaly, and while clinical manifestations and disease course remain heterogeneous, prognosis is often unfavorable 2 .Due to both the historically challenging diagnostic confirmation and the rarity of CNL, comprehensive analyses of World Health Organization (WHO)-defined, molecularly annotated populations of CNL patients have been scarce and often limited by small cohorts.Although the more common CSF3RT618I is perceived as the "hallmark" genetic lesion, there is little information on how individuals harboring other CSF3R mutations may be distinguished from their CSF3RT618Imutated counterparts.Furthermore, while there is some evidence that variables such as high leukocyte count 3 , thrombocytopenia, and the presence ASXL1 mutations may define a higher-risk subset of CNL patients 2 , there are limited data on prognostic factors and long-term survival in CNL and consequently, no existing operational risk model or prognostic scoring system.The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics, treatment patterns, and long-term overall survival (OS) in 19
Evelyn Barbara Horton
Authors: Peter Horton
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Evelyn Barbara Crow (“Barbara”) was born in Sheffield. She was head girl at Pate’s Grammar School in Cheltenham. She won a state scholarship, excelling in zoology, to study medicine at Bristol University in 1951. Friends remember her as being exceptionally bright. She married Alec Leonard Horton, another Bristol medical student, before qualifying in 1956. Alec …
I have recently passed my membership exam in psychiatry and plan to take a few months out before starting my specialist registrar jobs. How can I do voluntary work as a psychiatrist with tsunami victims and aid workers in Southeast Asia?
Authors: Shera Chok
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Have a career or related problem that needs answering? Can9t find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site. <b>www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone</b>
More women but fewer young people become clinical academics
Authors: Matthew Limb
Journal: BMJ (2016)

More women but fewer young people are choosing to become clinical academics, a survey of medical academic staffing levels has found.1

The Medical Schools Council has published its 14th survey of clinical academic staffing levels in UK medical schools, setting out how things stood at 31 July 2015. In 2015 there were 13% fewer clinical academics aged under 46 compared with a decade ago, and 38% more aged over 46.

There were now 593 full time equivalent (FTE) clinical lecturers—more than in any year since 2003. This represented around a 50% increase since 2006 when there were 396 FTEs. …
QUALITY OF LIFE POST AF ABLATION AND RELATIONSHIP TO OUTCOME AND AF BURDEN
Authors: Zahra Azizi, Atul Verma, Pouria Alipour, Yaariv Khaykin, Peter Leong-Sit, Jean-Francois Sarrazin, Marcio Sturmer, Sherri Patterson, Carlos Morillo, Guy Amit, Jean-Francois Roux, Vidal Essebag
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Sixty seconds on . . . Xanax
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2018)

The Guardian recently reported that UK customers account for 22% of global online sales of Xanax (alprazolam) from the “dark web.”1 The research, carried out by the Oxford Internet Institute, shows that the US accounts for half of all global sales, with Australia and Canada making up 10% each.

It’s an anti-anxiety drug from the benzodiazepine family, and is being increasingly used by …
BMA urges government to tackle pension unfairness faced by NHS staff
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The BMA has urged the government to tackle unfairness in public sector pensions, claiming that NHS staff will fund almost twice as much of their future pension benefits as civil servants will.

The BMA made its points in its response to a government consultation on amendments to the NHS pension scheme regulations.12 The consultation covers a plan for employees’ contributions to increase from April 2014 and changes to the lifetime allowance limit.

The BMA’s response …
INTRAPROCEDURAL DIRECT LEFT ATRIAL AND WEDGE PRESSURE CORRELATION DURING TRANSCATHETER MITRAL VALVE REPAIR: RESULTS FROM A SINGLE CENTER REGISTRY
Authors: Lily Chen, Neha Maheshwari Mantri, Maia Eng, William Wung, Thomas Smith, Dali Fan, Douglas Boyd, Reginald Low, Jason H. Rogers, Gagan Singh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Active surveillance of prostate cancer in African-Americans during the MRI era.
Authors: Jonathan Bloom, Samuel Gold, Graham R. Hale, Kareem Rayn, Vladimir Valera, Sherif Mehralivand, Brad J. Wood, Baris Turkbey, Howard L. Parnes, Peter A. Pinto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

108 Background: Many patients with low-risk prostate cancer are encouraged by their physicians to pursue active surveillance (AS). AS has increasingly been utilized, however there remains anxiety by patients and their physicians that more aggressive disease will be missed and allowed to progress. African-American (AA) patients may present with more aggressive disease and higher rates of upgrading at the time of radical prostatectomy. Due to these factors, physicians may be hesitant to recommend AS to AA patients. We examined the role of AS in these patients in the era of MRI targeted biopsies. Methods: A prospectively maintained database was queried for all patients who underwent an MRI guided fusion biopsy from 2007 to 2016 and chose AS as their primary management strategy. Patents with Gleason Group (GG) 1 or 2 were eligible. Patients were then followed with yearly PSA, exam, MRI and biopsy if warranted. MRI Fusion biopsies were reviewed to determine any GG progression. Results: A total of 19 AA and 143 non-AA patients were reviewed with median follow up times of 31.63 (15.42 -89.50) and 30.87 (3.45 – 99.85) months, respectively. AA and non-AA patients had similar baseline PSA values (6.08 ± 2.93 vs. 5.89 ± 4.23, p = 0.85), proportion of GG 1 (15.89% vs 21.68%, p = 0.55) and PSA density (0.103 ± 0.041 vs. 0.123 ± 0.041, p = 0.36. However, AA patients did present at an earlier age (58.89 ± 6.64 vs. 63.69 ± 6.64, p = 0.004). A total of 8/19 (42.1%) AA and 46/143 (32.2%) non-AA had GG upgrading while on AS, p = 0.34. The median time until progression for AA and non-AA patients was 60.76 and 77.42 months, p = 0.68. Conclusions: In our study, AA men did begin AS at an earlier age than non-AA men. While both groups had statistically similar rates of progression, the relative risk of progression was higher in the AA cohort during this time period. Therefore, in the era of MRI and fusion biopsies we are better able to detect upgrading and somewhat mitigate the the risks associated with upgrading during AS irrespective of race but larger studies are needed to determine whether there are meaningful differences in the rates of progression between AA and non-AA men. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute, NIH.
Ethnic minority and non-UK doctors don’t think GMC treats all doctors fairly, survey finds
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Doctors from ethnic minority groups and those who qualified outside the UK do not think that the General Medical Council treats all doctors fairly, a survey has found.

A survey of 3476 doctors, carried out last year by the social research institution NatCen on behalf of the GMC, assessed the profession’s view of the regulator.1 The survey found that, overall, 79% of doctors were confident in the way the GMC regulated doctors, and 85% were confident in the way it protected the public.

But the survey also found that attitudes towards specific aspects of the regulator’s jobs varied among doctors of different ethnicities and different places of qualification. Most respondents (86%) said that they thought the GMC’s process for investigating concerns was fair for most doctors. Asked whether particular groups of doctors were likely to be treated unfairly during such an investigation, 70% of white doctors said that no group would face unfair treatment. However, most ethnic minority respondents (60%) thought that non-UK …
Reference level of serum urate for clinically evident incident gout
Authors: Xiao Chen, Xiaoqiang Ding
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

I read the interesting study entitled ‘Relationship between serum urate concentration and clinically evident incident gout: an individual participant data analysis’ conducted by Dalbeth and colleagues.1 Their study showed the cumulative incidence of gout was increased with the serum urate levels and the cumulative years. The reference level of serum urate below which the risk of damage is low has not been completely clarified. The benchmark dose (BMD) method, first described by Crump in 1984,2 has been widely used in the field …
A longitudinal assessment of health-related quality of life in patients undergoing active surveillance for early prostate cancer in Japan (PRIAS-JAPAN).
Authors: Takuma Kato, Mikio Sugimoto, Hiromi Hirama, Yoshiyuki Kakehi, Akito Yamaguchi, Takashige Abe, Satoru Maruyama, Koji Mitsuzuka, Yoichi Arai, Hiroshi Fukuhara, Hiroshi Sasaki, Shin Egawa, Iku Ninomiya, Katsuyoshi Hashine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

56 Background: There are few reports of the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of Asian prostate cancer patients who choice active surveillance. We evaluate HRQOL in participants of the Prostate Cancer Research International Active Surveillance study (PRIAS-JAPAN). Methods: The participants’ general HRQOL was assessed longitudinally using the Short Form 8 Health Survey (SF-8) at enrollment and annually thereafter until discontinuation of active surveillance (AS). We compared the quality of life and baseline score of participants with that of the general population (Norm-based scoring [NBS] 50) using paired t-test and the mixed models. Age-adjusted logistic regression was applied to the 3-year AS remaining rate. Results: The SF-8 questionnaire was administered to 570 patients (median age, 68 [range, 45–87] years). We evaluated 484, 328, 140, 84, and 68 patients at enrollment and 1, 2, 3, and 4 years thereafter. At enrollment, the mean physical component summary (PCS) score and all subscales revealed better HRQOL than NBS. No significant difference was noted in mental component summary (MCS) compared to NBS at enrollment. However, MCS at 1, 2, and 4 years was higher than the NBS. PCS slightly diminished in 4 years, whereas MCS at all time points showed no change. Age-adjusted logistic regression showed an OR of 1.66 (95% CI: 1.047–2.632, P = 0.0313) on 3-year AS remaining rate in favor of patients with above median MCS at enrollment. Conclusions: Men who were enrolled into the PRIAS-JAPAN study had better HRQOL than that of NBS. PCS decreased but MCS did not. The AS remaining rate was influenced by baseline MCS.