tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 183: Outcomes for Major Trauma Patients in Counties Without Trauma Centers Are Worse: Nationwide Population-Based Research in Taiwan
Authors: Dorji Harnod, Chu Hui Chang, Ray E Chang
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Some articles proved indirect-transfer the major trauma patients to the trauma centers had non-significant different outcomes with the patients direct-transfer to the centers. But the outcomes for the major trauma patients in the counties without trauma centers still can be worse. So we did a population based research by using the NHIRD data for the results. Methods: From the claim data of one million beneficiaries of Taiwan National Health Insurance during the year of 2006 to 2008, all of the trauma patients were identified from the database by the ICD-9-CM system. ICDMAP-90 was used for calculating the Injury Severity Score (ISS) as the variable controlling the disease severity. The patients of major trauma were defined as ISS more than fifteen. We used the diagnosis one year before the trauma admission for calculating Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). The first hospitals and the second transferred hospitals that the major trauma patients admitted, and the areas of the first hospitals were recognized in our data bank. The condition of transfer, age, genders, intubation, ICU admission, ISS, CCI, and the triage classifications were adjusted in a logistic regression model for further analysis. Results: There were 2497 major trauma patients (ISS more then 15). The total mortality rate was 12.49%. The variables like age, intubation, ICU admission, ISS and CCI were significant for mortality, but the condition of transfer was not significant in our model. After controlling all the factors, the major trauma patients that first admitted in the areas with no trauma centers have a significant higher risk of mortality (OR=1.73, P=0.005). Conclusions: Our results hint that, although indirect-transfer for the major trauma patients have insignificant difference in mortality with the direct transfer patients, the counties with no trauma centers have significant higher mortality rates in major trauma patients. Further researches are needed for investigating the possible reasons.
Downregulation of RdDM during strawberry fruit ripening
Authors: Jingfei Cheng, Qingfeng Niu, Bo Zhang, Kunsong Chen, Ruihua Yang, Jian-Kang Zhu, Yijing Zhang, Zhaobo Lang
Journal: Genome biology (2018)

Recently, DNA methylation was proposed to regulate fleshy fruit ripening. Fleshy fruits can be distinguished by their ripening process as climacteric fruits, such as tomatoes, or non-climacteric fruits, such as strawberries. Tomatoes undergo a global decrease in DNA methylation during ripening, due to increased expression of a DNA demethylase gene. The dynamics and biological relevance of DNA methylation during the ripening of non-climacteric fruits are unknown. Here, we generate single-base resolution maps of the DNA methylome in immature and ripe strawberry. We observe an overall loss of DNA methylation during strawberry fruit ripening. Thus, ripening-induced DNA hypomethylation occurs not only in climacteric fruit, but also in non-climacteric fruit. Application of a DNA methylation inhibitor causes an early ripening phenotype, suggesting that DNA hypomethylation is important for strawberry fruit ripening. The mechanisms underlying DNA hypomethylation during the ripening of tomato and strawberry are distinct. Unlike in tomatoes, DNA demethylase genes are not upregulated during the ripening of strawberries. Instead, genes involved in RNA-directed DNA methylation are downregulated during strawberry ripening. Further, ripening-induced DNA hypomethylation is associated with decreased siRNA levels, consistent with reduced RdDM activity. Therefore, we propose that a downregulation of RdDM contributes to DNA hypomethylation during strawberry ripening. Our findings provide new insight into the DNA methylation dynamics during the ripening of non-climacteric fruit and suggest a novel function of RdDM in regulating an important process in plant development.
Abstract 17391: Omega-3 Fatty Acid Index ≥ 4% Prevents Progression of Coronary Artery Plaque in Non-Diabetic Subjects on Statin Therapy
Authors: Abdulhamied Alfaddagh, Donya Mohebali, Tarec Elajami, Mohamad Saleh, Francine Welty
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Several trials of omega-3 fatty acids (FA) reduced cardiovascular events whereas others have not. The ORIGIN trial of subjects with glucose intolerance or diabetes showed no benefit of omega-3 FAs on cardiac events. In the Physicians Health Study, an omega-3 index > 4% reflected a 72% reduction in cardiovascular disease risk. Objective: To determine effect of diabetes status stratified by omega-3 index of 4% on coronary plaque progression. Methods: 285 subjects with stable coronary artery disease on statin therapy were randomized to either omega-3 FA (1.86 g of eicosapentaenoic acid and 1.5 g of docosahexaenoic acid daily) or no omega-3 FA for 30 months. Change in coronary plaque volume was assessed by coronary computed tomographic angiography and stratified by omega-3 index of 4% and diabetes status. Plasma levels of omega-3 FAs and total FAs were measured by mass spectrometry and the omega-3 index, calculated. Results: Mean (SD) age was 62.9 (7.8) years (17% women); mean LDL-C was < 80 mg/...
Radiosensitization of human melanoma cells by sorafenib (BAY 43-9006), a multi-kinase inhibitor
Authors: Anupama Munshi, Toshimitsu Tanaka, Marvette Hobbs, Raymond E. Meyn
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

4671  The Ras/Raf signaling pathway is an important mediator of tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Aberrant activation of this pathway as a result of activated Ras or mutant B-Raf is known to predict a malignant phenotype in solid tumors. Sorafenib (BAY 43-9006) is a potent inhibitor of Raf-1 (IC50 6 nM), and is also active against VEGFR-2 (IC50 90 nM), VEGFR-3 (IC50 20 nM), and PDGFR-β (IC50 57 nM). Sorafenib inhibits tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis through blockade of these targets. Once-daily oral dosing of sorafenib (30 to 60 mg/kg) has demonstrated tumor growth inhibition in a range of xenograft tumors that express a mutation in K-Ras or B-Raf. Sorafenib has shown promise with evidence of tumor regression observed in multiple tumor types, including Renal cell carcinoma, melanoma, thyroid, sarcoma, and pancreas. Sorafenib has also been evaluated in a combination study with gemcitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer and is currently in phase III clinical testing for the treatment of metastatic RCC and earlier phase studies for NSCLC, both as monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy. However, no data exists on the use of sorafenib in combination with ionizing radiation, making a preclinical evaluation of this combination interesting. Therefore, in the present study, we report the effects of combined treatment with radiation and sorafenib on three human melanoma cell lines, A375, MeWo and WM793. In clonogenic cell survival experiments, sorafenib had significant radiosensitizing effects. Cells were treated either with vehicle alone or with sorafenib (2μM for 24hrs for the A375 and MeWo; 10μM for 24hrs for the WM793 cells). Clonogenic cell survival assay showed that sorafenib enhanced tumor cell radiosensitivity with the survival factor at 2Gy (SF2) being reduced from 49% ± 0.5, 42.4% ± 0.97, and 37.7% ± 1.4 in vehicle treated to 25.2% ± 0.66, 22.5% ± 0.74, and 17.7% ± 1.74 in sorafenib-treated MeWo, A375 and WM793 cells respectively. We examined potential mechanisms that may contribute to the enhanced radiation response induced by sorafenib. Radiation activated pERK1/2 and pAKT in these cell lines, however, this activation was suppressed by sorafenib correlating with its radiosensitizing effects. Overall, our results suggest that sorafenib synergistically interacts with radiation and enhances the radioresponse of human melanoma cells. Based on our results, sorafenib may mediate this effect via its ability to suppress ERK activation downstream of Ras/Raf activation. A detailed investigation of the mechanism is ongoing. The insight gained from the analyses of these molecular mechanisms will be very useful in future research examining the combination of agents such as sorafenib and ionizing radiation.
Preparing oncology advanced practice nurses (OAPRNs) to provide primary palliative care (PC).
Authors: Betty R. Ferrell, Pam Malloy, Polly Mazanec, Judith A. Paice, Patrick J. Coyne, Cheryl Thaxton, Rose Virani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

84 Background: A major public health concern is the recognition of the growing demand for PC in oncology practice. Despite proven benefits, there is often no system in place to provide concurrent palliative and oncology care. Oncology patients and families often report psychological and social stress from cancer care impacted by unmet information and care coordination needs. OAPRNs within cancer centers can provide models of leadership which facilitate systems and organizational changes to provide the best quality PC for oncology patients. Methods: This unique skills-based innovative program/curriculum, supported by R25 funding from NCI, is designed to educate OAPRNs to provide primary PC in oncology practice. Five national workshops will be conducted 2018 - 2021. The participants are competitively selected from NCI designated and community cancer centers depending on goals and the commitment to partner with a specialty palliative care team. All participants will be followed at 6 and 12 months regarding challenges and opportunities in developing/instituting primary palliative care in their oncology practice/institution. Results: The first national workshop was held April 2018, N = 69 representing 23 states, with post course evaluations rating [on a scale of 1 = low to 5 = high] that the materials and resources were applicable to their practice as 4.94, and information stimulating and thought provoking regarding palliative care issues as 4.95. This presentation will report on the OAPRNs’ 6 month post-course outcomes, which will reflect on the challenges and opportunities in implementing skills as primary PC providers within their institutions. This presentation will also report on monthly webinars that reinforce content and enable the OAPRNs to share experiences in implementing primary PC, in order to foster professional networking. Conclusions: This unique educational offering will provide practicing OAPRNs with the knowledge and skills to provide primary palliative care to facilitate systems and organizational changes for quality PC within oncology settings.
Capillary electrophoresis immunoassay.
Authors: Roger A. O’Neill, Xiahui Bi, Erik Gentalen, John Gossett, Celeste Kirby, Robert Loder, Michael Maclaren, Thomas Mills, Nineveh Parker, Audie Rice, David Roach, Daniel Suich, Jade Yang, Thomas Yang, David Voehringer
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

397   In recent years, powerful, automatable methods have been developed for the analysis of DNA and transcribed RNA. In contrast, methods for analyzing translated proteins and their myriad post-translational modifications are largely fragmented, with no clearly dominant method. Further, automation of these methods is in its infancy. The most widely used method for analyzing proteins including their post-translational modifications is Western blotting, which remains little-changed in the ∼25 years since its first development. The amount of material required for a Western blot prevents analysis of small samples or single cells. Analysis of Western blots for different proteins and protein forms is cumbersome, limiting the level of multiplexing routinely achieved. We have developed a capillary-based immunoassay that is functionally equivalent to Western blotting while providing enormously better sensitivity, potentially down to the level of single cell analysis. It is equally amenable to discreet capillary or microchannel device formats. Importantly, it is inherently automatable, completely avoiding the gel transfer and electroblotting steps characteristic of Western blotting. In its most common form, the assay begins with isoelectric focusing (IEF) of proteins in a capillary or capillary channel. This is followed by immobilization of the separated proteins within the capillary lumen. Antibodies are then flowed through the lumen where they bind to their target proteins. In one form, primary antibodies are then bound by secondary antibodies with attached chemiluminescence reporter enzymes. Finally, chemiluminescent substrates are flowed through the capillary in a continuous stream, providing continuous chemiluminescence detection without exhaustion of the substrate.
Serum Uromodulin Predicts Less Coronary Artery Calcification and Diabetic Kidney Disease Over 12 Years in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: The CACTI Study
Authors: Petter Bjornstad, Pattara Wiromrat, Richard J. Johnson, Rachel Sippl, David Z.I. Cherney, Randy Wong, Marian J. Rewers, Janet K. Snell-Bergeon
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

Novel biomarkers are needed to better predict coronary artery calcification (CAC), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in type 1 diabetes. We evaluated the associations between serum uromodulin (SUMOD [a biomarker associated with anti-inflammatory and renal protective properties]), CAC progression, and DKD development over 12 years.Participants (n = 527, 53% females) in the Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes (CACTI) study were examined during 2002-2004, at a mean age of 39.6 ± 9.0 years and a median duration of diabetes of 24.8 years. Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) determined by the CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) creatinine equation were measured at baseline and after a mean follow-up period of 12.1 ± 1.5 years. Elevated albumin excretion was defined as ACR ≥30 mg/g, rapid GFR decline (>3 mL/min/1.73 m2/year), and impaired GFR as eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. SUMOD was measured on stored baseline plasma samples (Meso Scale Discovery). CAC was measured using electron beam computed tomography. CAC progression was defined as a change in the square root-transformed CAC volume of ≥2.5.Higher baseline SUMOD level conferred lower odds of CAC progression (odds ratio 0.68; 95% CI 0.48-0.97), incident elevated albumin excretion (0.37; 0.16-0.86), rapid GFR decline (0.56; 0.35-0.91), and impaired GFR (0.44; 0.24-0.83) per 1 SD increase in SUMOD (68.44 ng/mL) after adjustment for baseline age, sex, systolic blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, and albuminuria/GFR. The addition of SUMOD to models with traditional risk factors also significantly improved the prediction performance for CAC progression and incident DKD.Higher baseline SUMOD level predicted lower odds of both CAC progression and incident DKD over 12 years in adults with type 1 diabetes.
Nodal Oligorecurrent Prostate Cancer: Anatomic Pattern of Possible Treatment Failure in Relation to Elective Surgical and Radiotherapy Treatment Templates
Authors: Aurélie De Bruycker, Elise De Bleser, Karel Decaestecker, Valérie Fonteyne, Nicolaas Lumen, Pieter De Visschere, Kathia De Man, Louke Delrue, Bieke Lambert, Piet Ost
Journal: European Urology (2018)
Government cuts to NHS drug services
Authors: Anna E Livingstone
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Bedford Russell bravely told us about her son’s sudden death from heroin.1 I support her calls for decriminalisation of use, much better access to integrated mental health services, and a health based government strategy for care.

In England and Wales, age standardised heroin and morphine related mortality more than doubled between 2011 and 2015, from 10.3 to 21.3 per million, and in 2017 was still 20.5.2

Many reasons have been proposed.3 The government’s drug service targets …
Molecular Remissions with Anti-CD22 Recombinant Immunotoxin Moxetumomab Pasudotox Are Associated with Improved Complete Remission Durations during Phase I and III Testing
Authors: Evgeny Arons, Daniel Gorelik, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Constance M. Yuan, Mark Sokolsky, Hong Zhou, Nai Shun (nancy) Yao, Shannon Marshall, Katherine Potocka, Erin Fykes, Ira Pastan, Robert J. Kreitman
Journal: Blood (2018)
From Machine Learning to Artificial Intelligence Applications in Cardiac Care
Authors: David Tsay, Cam Patterson
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Artificial intelligence offers the potential for transformational advancement in cardiovascular care delivery, yet practical applications of this technology have yet to be embedded in clinical workflows and systems. Recent advances in machine learning algorithms and accessibility to big data sources have created the ability for software to solve highly specialized problems outside of health care, such as autonomous driving, speech recognition, and game playing (chess and Go), at superhuman efficiency previously not thought possible. To date, high-order cognitive problems in cardiovascular research such as differential diagnosis, treatment options, and clinical risk stratification have been difficult to address at scale with artificial intelligence. The practical application of artificial intelligence in the underlying operational processes in the delivery of cardiac care may be more amenable where adoption has great potential to fundamentally transform care delivery while maintaining the core quality and service that our patients demand. In this article, we provide an overview on how these artificial intelligence platforms can be implemented to improve the operational delivery of care for patients with cardiovascular disease.
Abstract #2593: Bioinformatics construction of the human surfaceome and experimental identification of new tumor targets at cell surface
Authors: Julia da Cunha, Pedro Galante, Jorge de Souza, Robson de Souza, Patricia Carvalho, Daniel Ohara, Ricardo Moura, Sueli Oba, Sueli Marie, Wilson da Silva, Rodrigo Perez, Angelina Gama, Beatriz Stransky, Martin Pieprzyk, Jordan Moore, Winston Kuo, Otávia Caballero, Andrew Simpson, Anamaria Camargo, Lloyd Old, Sandro de Souza
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

With the availability of the human genome sequence, the sub-cellular localization of gene products is a critical property since this affects our ability to use it as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target. In this respect, the identification of cell surface proteins is critical since they represent ideal therapeutic and diagnosis targets. By using bioinformatics tools integrating sequences with annotated trans-membrane (TM) domain reported by PFAM and translated sequences from the Reference Sequences to an algorithm that identifies TM domains using a Hidden Markov Model-based strategy, we generated a catalog of 3,702 TM proteins located at the cell surface of human cells (the human surfaceome). By integrating expression information from a variety of sources (MPSS, SAGE, microarrays), we were able to identify surfaceome genes with a restricted expression in normal tissues and/or differential expression in tumors, important characteristics for a putative tumor target. We employed a high-throughput experimental qPCR approach to validate the expression pattern of 593 surfaceome genes in a set of 21 normal tissues, 15 tumor cell lines, 11 colorectal tumors and 11 glioblastoma (GBM). We identified 82 and 31 genes that are over expressed in colorectal tumors and GBM respectively. Interestingly, many TNF receptors are over expressed in GBM samples while the ERK/MAPK pathway is active through the over-expression of several genes including EPHA2 and AREG in colorectal samples. Fifty one candidates were also characterized as putative cancer/testis genes. Among them, SLCO6A1, characterized by Lee et al. (2004) as a new CT antigen was identified. We found genes well-known to be over expressed in tumors, validating our computational and experimental strategy. Besides that, we have identified genes not previously known to be over expressed in colorectal and GBM samples, raising the possibility for discover of new drug targets. Since we have evaluated the expression of the surfaceome in a panel of normal tissues, our analyses are useful to avoid possible clinical side effects based on the expression of a potential target in any given normal tissue. We believe that the present dataset will serve as a reference for further studies aiming to characterize new tumor targets at the surface of human cells.  Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 2593.
Histone demethylase LSD1 is required for germinal center formation and BCL6-driven lymphomagenesis
Authors: Katerina Hatzi, Huimin Geng, Ashley S. Doane, Cem Meydan, Reed LaRiviere, Mariano Cardenas, Cihangir Duy, Hao Shen, Maria Nieves Calvo Vidal, Timour Baslan, Helai P. Mohammad, Ryan G. Kruger, Rita Shaknovich, Ann M. Haberman, Giorgio Inghirami, Scott W. Lowe, Ari M. Melnick
Journal: Nature Immunology (2018)
SP0134 The connexion between fracture care and secondary fracture prevention
Authors: K. Åkesson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3></h3> That fracture begets fracture, is today an acknowledged reality. Nevertheless, there are still gaps in fracture care and many are far from reaching the optimal treatment pathway. Ultimately, each fracture should be appropriately managed from the moment of the fracture, through the acute management of the patient and the fracture, through to rehabilitation and secondary prevention. Optimisation of every step leads to better post-fracture functioning and quality of life, in addition to a reduced risk of new fracture events where the next fracture often is more severe than the previous. Fracture treatment has improved with newer implants (plates, screws, nails, joint replacements etc) being developed specifically for fragile bone. Standardising procedures and checklists have made a difference in reducing complications. In the field of anaesthesia advances allows for surgery in the increasingly frail older person with acceptable perioperative risks and outcome. Similarly, tailored medical management is essential also to improve rapid post-operative recovery. The team approach to prompt regaining of function and rehabilitation allows for faster return to the home. However, it has been more difficult to systematically improve the final step – prevention to avoid recurrence. It is a fact that patients at the highest risk of fracture, those who have already sustained a fracture, have overwhelmingly remain unidentified for osteoporosis treatment and falls prevention. Exceptions exist and they have become examples of best practice; whereby integrated, systematic identification, investigation and intervention were key components for secondary prevention of fractures. The cornerstone in such programs is the fracture coordinator; hence, they are commonly referred to as a fracture liaison service (FLS). They are the link between the orthopaedics and the osteoporosis clinic. Through the development of a best practice framework, the key components for developing secondary fracture prevention programs are outlined and tool kits on how to get started are available. The fundamental component is however, acceptance by the system in order to incorporate prevention as a required part of fracture management. The presentation will provide an overview of main advances as well as tips on how to move forward. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> K. Åkesson Speakers bureau: Invited lectures for Amgen, Lilly, Radius, UCB
Increased 99mTc Pertechnetate Uptake But Unimpressive 131I Activity in the Metastatic Mediastinal Lymph Nodes in a Thyroid Cancer Patient
Authors: Fuqiang Shao, Dan Zhou, Xiaoli Lan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

False negative I accumulation in metastatic lesions of thyroid carcinoma could be due to various etiologies. Here we present a 33-year-old woman with a history of papillary thyroid cancer who had increased Tc pertechnetate activity in the mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes, which was not clearly seen on whole body I scan due to adjacent activity from lung metastases.