tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MSc in Evidence-based Health Care
Authors: Karen Kearley
Journal: BMJ (2008)

It was a shock to be a student again 20 years after qualifying as a doctor. Had I forgotten what it entailed, or had education fundamentally changed?

There was no rote learning, no examinations, and the teachers were asking not only what I would like to learn but how I would like to learn it. It became apparent that my personal experience was considered fundamental and my contribution to the class essential. In short, I was valued, encouraged, supported, and given access to an endless supply of coffee.

It felt light years away from my life in the NHS or a traditional medical curriculum. I was doing the MSc in Evidence-based Health Care in Oxford and I would strongly recommend it.

The MSc is a joint programme between the department of public health and primary care and the department of continuing education at the University of Oxford. It is designed for anyone …
Crossed Cerebellar Tracer Uptake on Acute-Stage 123I-Iomazenil SPECT Imaging Predicts 3-Month Functional Outcome in Patients With Nonfatal Hypertensive Putaminal or Thalamic Hemorrhage
Authors: Daigo Kojima, Nobukazu Komoribayashi, Shinichi Omama, Kohki Oikawa, Shunrou Fujiwara, Masakazu Kobayashi, Yoshitaka Kubo, Kazunori Terasaki, Kuniaki Ogasawara
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

Whereas SPECT images obtained 180 minutes after administration of I-iomazenil (IMZ) (late images) are proportional to the distribution of central benzodiazepine receptor-binding potential, SPECT images obtained within 30 minutes after I-IMZ administration (early images) correlate with regional brain perfusion. The aim of the present study was to determine whether crossed cerebellar tracer uptake on acute-stage I-IMZ SPECT imaging predicts 3-month functional outcome in patients with nonfatal hypertensive putaminal or thalamic hemorrhage.Forty-six patients underwent early and late SPECT imaging with I-IMZ within 7 days after the onset of hemorrhage. A region of interest was automatically placed in the bilateral cerebellar hemispheres using a 3-dimensional stereotaxic region-of-interest template, and the ratio of the value in the cerebellar hemisphere contralateral to the affected side to that in the ipsilateral cerebellar hemisphere (ARcbl) was calculated in each patient. Each patient's physical function was measured using the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score 3 months after onset.The ARcbl on early (ρ = -0.511, P = 0.0003) and late (ρ = -0.714, P < 0.0001) images correlated with the mRS 3 months after the onset of hemorrhage. Multivariate analysis showed that only a low ARcbl in late images was significantly associated with a poor functional outcome (mRS score ≥3 at 3 months after onset) (95% confidence interval, 0.001-0.003; P = 0.0212).Crossed cerebellar tracer uptake on acute-stage I-IMZ SPECT imaging predicts 3-month functional outcome in patients with nonfatal hypertensive putaminal or thalamic hemorrhage.
SIGNIFICANCE OF TRIGGERS FROM LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE AND CORONARY SINUS IN THE LONG-TERM ABLATION OUTCOME IN PAROXYSMAL ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS WITH HYPERTROPHIC OBSTRUCTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Sanghamitra Mohanty, Chintan Trivedi, Carola Gianni, Domenico Giovanni Della Rocca, John Burkhardt, Javier Sanchez, Patrick Hranitzky, G. Gallinghouse, Amin Al-Ahmad, Rodney Horton, Luigi Di Biase, Andrea Natale
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
The NCX1/TRPC6 Complex Mediates TGFβ-Driven Migration and Invasion of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Jingyu Xu, Yuan Yang, Rui Xie, Jilong Liu, Xubiao Nie, Jiaxing An, Guorong Wen, Xuemei Liu, Hai Jin, Biguang Tuo
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract TGFβ plays an important role in the progression and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this role are not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the roles of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 1 (NCX1) and canonical transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6) in regulating TGFβ in human HCC. In HepG2 and Huh7 cells, TGFβ-stimulated intracellular Ca2+ increases through NCX1 and TRPC6 and induced the formation of a TRPC6/NCX1 molecular complex. This complex-mediated Ca2+ signaling regulated the effect of TGFβ on the migration, invasion, and intrahepatic metastasis of human HCC cells in nude mice. TGFβ upregulated TRPC6 and NCX1 expression, and there was a positive feedback between TRPC6/NCX1 signaling and Smad signaling. Expression of both TRPC6 and NCX1 were markedly increased in native human HCC tissues, and their expression levels positively correlated with advancement of HCC in patients. These data reveal the role of the TRPC6/NCX1 molecular complex in HCC and in regulating TGFβ signaling, and they implicate TRPC6 and NCX1 as potential targets for therapy in HCC. Significance: TGFβ induces the formation and activation of a TRPC6/NCX1 molecular complex, which mediates the effects of TGFβ on the migration, invasion, and intrahepatic metastasis of HCC. Cancer Res; 78(10); 2564–76. ©2018 AACR.
Basic mechanisms of vascularization in endometriosis and their clinical implications
Authors: Matthias W Laschke, Michael D Menger
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2018)

Vascularization is a major hallmark in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. An increasing number of studies suggests that multiple mechanisms contribute to the vascularization of endometriotic lesions, including angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and inosculation.In this review, we provide an overview of the basic mechanisms of vascularization in endometriosis and give special emphasis on their future clinical implications in the diagnosis and therapy of the disease.Literature searches were performed in PubMed for English articles with the key words 'endometriosis', 'endometriotic lesions', 'angiogenesis', 'vascularization', 'vasculogenesis', 'endothelial progenitor cells' and 'inosculation'. The searches included both animal and human studies. No restriction was set for the publication date.The engraftment of endometriotic lesions is typically associated with angiogenesis, i.e. the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones. This angiogenic process underlies the complex regulation by angiogenic growth factors and hormones, which activate intracellular pathways and associated signaling molecules. In addition, circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are mobilized from the bone marrow and recruited into endometriotic lesions, where they are incorporated into the endothelium of newly developing microvessels, referred to as vasculogenesis. Finally, preformed microvessels in shed endometrial fragments inosculate with the surrounding host microvasculature, resulting in a rapid blood supply to the ectopic tissue. These vascularization modes offer different possibilities for the establishment of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Angiogenic growth factors and EPCs may serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis and classification of endometriosis. Blood vessel formation and mature microvessels in endometriotic lesions may be targeted by means of anti-angiogenic compounds and vascular-disrupting agents.The establishment of vascularization-based approaches in the management of endometriosis still represents a major challenge. For diagnostic purposes, reliable angiogenic and vasculogenic biomarker panels exhibiting a high sensitivity and specificity must be identified. For therapeutic purposes, novel compounds selectively targeting the vascularization of endometriotic lesions without inducing severe side effects are required. Recent progress in the field of endometriosis research indicates that these goals may be achieved in the near future.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF DUAL ANTIPLATELET THERAPY VERSUS ANTIPLATELET MONOTHERAPY AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY
Authors: Leonardo Knijnik, Rhanderson Cardoso, Manuel Rivera, Gilson Costa Fernandes Filho, Amanda Fernandes, John McEvoy, Seamus Whelton, Tyler Gluckman, Roger Blumenthal
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Prognostic value of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio during palliative chemotherapy in patients with unresectable gallbladder adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Jae Woo Lee, Sang Hyub Lee, Jun Hyuk Son, Jinwoo Kang, Woo Hyun Paik, Ji Kon Ryu, Yong-Tae Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

253 Background: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a valuable prognostic marker in several kinds of solid tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the NLR, PLR and change of NLR and PLR over time as a prognostic marker in unresectable gallbladder cancer (GBC) which is treated with palliative chemotherapy. Methods: A total of 163 patients with pathologically confirmed unresectable GBC were enrolled. Baseline and post 1-cycle chemotherapy NLR and PLR were used in analysis. The changes in NLR and PLR were defined as the ratio of post chemotherapy value to baseline value. The relation between survival time and NLR and PLR changes were analyzed. Results: NLR and PLR had AUC value of 0.679, 0.660 in predicting 1-year overall survival (OS) and NLR 1.96 and PLR 111 were the optimal cutoff value with the highest sum of sensitivity and specificity. NLR change and PLR change had AUC value of 0.517, 0.519 in predicting 1-year OS and NLR change 0.4, PLR change 0.6 were the optimal cutoff value. Patients with NLR lower than 1.96 had better OS (16.1 months vs. 9.5 months, p &lt; 0.001) and similarly patients with PLR lower than 111 had better OS (17.3 months vs. 9.5 months, p &lt; 0.001). However, NLR change lower than 0.4 didn’t show better OS (9.2 months vs. 11.6 months, p = 0.178), and the same with PLR change lower than 0.6 (8.5 months vs. 11.3 months, p = 0.138). Conclusions: Baseline NLR and PLR is a valuable predictor of overall survival in unresectable GBC undergoing palliative chemotherapy, whereas NLR and PLR change over time is not.
Gellan Gum Hydrogels with Enzyme‐Sensitive Biodegradation and Endothelial Cell Biorecognition Sites
Authors: Lucília P. da Silva, Amit K. Jha, Vitor M. Correlo, Alexandra P. Marques, Rui L. Reis, Kevin E. Healy
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)

Abstract The survival of a biomaterial or tissue engineered construct is mainly hampered by the deficient microcirculation in its core, and limited nutrients and oxygen availability to the implanted or colonizing host cells. Aiming to address these issues, we herein propose bioresponsive gellan gum (GG) hydrogels that are biodegradable by metalloproteinase 1 (MMP‐1) and enable endothelial cells adhesion and proliferation. GG is chemically functionalized with divinyl sulfone (DVS) and then biofunctionalized with thiol cell‐adhesive peptides (T1 or C16) to confer GG endothelial cell biorecognition cues. Biodegradable hydrogels are then formed by Michael type addition of GGDVS or/and peptide‐functionalized GGDVS with a dithiol peptide crosslinker sensitive to MMP‐1. The mechanical properties (6 to 5580 Pa), swelling (17 to 11), MMP‐1‐driven degradation (up to 70%), and molecules diffusion coefficients of hydrogels are tuned by increasing the polymer amount and crosslinking density. Human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells depict a polarized elongated morphology when encapsulated within T1‐containing hydrogels, in contrast to the round morphology observed in C16‐containing hydrogels. Cell organization is favored as early as 1 d of cell culture within the T1‐modified hydrogels with higher concentration of peptide, while cell proliferation is higher in T1‐modified hydrogels with higher modulus. In conclusion, biodegradable and bioresponsive GGDVS hydrogels are promising endothelial cell responsive materials that can be used for vascularization strategies.
Aortic carboxypeptidase–like protein, a WNT ligand, exacerbates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Toshiaki Teratani, Kengo Tomita, Takahiro Suzuki, Hirotaka Furuhashi, Rie Irie, Makoto Nishikawa, Junji Yamamoto, Toshifumi Hibi, Soichiro Miura, Tohru Minamino, Yuichi Oike, Ryota Hokari, Takanori Kanai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

Incidence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is considered a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, has been increasing worldwide with the rise in obesity; however, its pathological mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the hepatic expression of aortic carboxypeptidase-like protein (ACLP), a glycosylated, secreted protein, increases in NASH in humans and mice. Furthermore, we elucidate that ACLP is a ligand, unrelated to WNT proteins, that activates the canonical WNT pathway and exacerbates NASH pathology. In the liver, ACLP is specifically expressed in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). As fatty liver disease progresses, ACLP expression is enhanced via activation of STAT3 signaling by obesity-related factors in serum. ACLP specifically binds to frizzled-8 and low-density lipoprotein-related receptor 6 to form a ternary complex that activates canonical WNT signaling. Consequently, ACLP activates HSCs by inhibiting PPARγ signals. HSC-specific ACLP deficiency inhibits fibrosis progression in NASH by inhibiting canonical WNT signaling in HSCs. The present study elucidates the role of canonical WNT pathway activation by ACLP in NASH pathology, indicating that NASH can be treated by targeting ACLP-induced canonical WNT pathway activation in HSCs.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Based Screening Study in a General Population of Adolescents
Authors: Paolo Angelini, Benjamin Y. Cheong, Veronica V. Lenge De Rosen, J. Alberto Lopez, Carlo Uribe, Anthony H. Masso, Syed W. Ali, Barry R. Davis, Raja Muthupillai, James T. Willerson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Financial pressure on NHS may lower staff morale and threaten medical education, GMC warns
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Financial pressure on the NHS could lower staff moral and threaten medical education, Niall Dickson, the chief executive of the General Medical Council, has said.

Speaking at the British Association of Doctors of Indian Origin conference in Manchester on Saturday 29 November, Dickson pointed to the fact that the NHS was headed towards …
How do I get approval of a previous accident and emergency job in Brisbane, Australia? I have been told that I may be able to avoid doing a further rotation in emergency medicine as part of my vocational training scheme rotation if I get my Australian job accredited.
Authors: Rodger Charlton
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Have a career or related problem that needs answering? Can9t find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site. <b>www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone</b>
THE RECEPTOR FOR COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C3A MEDIATES PROTECTION FROM THE DEVELOPMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN APOLIPOPROTEIN E DEFICIENT (APOE-/-) MICE
Authors: Linlin Wei, Ning Ma, YaFeng Gao, JiaXing Wang, Liang Bai, DaXin Chen, Ke Li
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Prevalence of Multiple Forms of Sexting Behavior Among Youth
Authors: Sheri Madigan, Anh Ly, Christina L. Rash, Joris Van Ouytsel, Jeff R. Temple
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

The existing literature on sexting among youth shows that sexting is a predictor of sexual behavior and may be associated with other health outcomes and risky behaviors. However, there remains a lack of consensus on the prevalence of sexting, which is needed to inform future research, intervention, and policy development.To provide a meta-analytic synthesis of studies examining the prevalence of multiple forms of sexting behavior, analyzed by age, sex, geography, and method of sexting.In an academic setting, electronic searches in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and Web of Science were conducted for the period January 1990 to June 2016, yielding 1147 nonduplicate records.Studies were included if participants were younger than 18 years and the prevalence of sexting explicit images, videos, or messages was reported.Literature review and data extraction followed established PRISMA guidelines. Two independent reviewers extracted all relevant data. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to derive the mean prevalence rates. Thirty-nine studies met final inclusion criteria.Meta-analyses of the prevalence of sending, receiving, and forwarding without consent, as well as having one's sext forwarded without consent.Among 39 included studies, there were 110 380 participants; the mean age was 15.16 years (age range, 11.9-17.0 years), and on average 47.2% were male. Studies were available for sending (n = 34), receiving (n = 20), forwarding without consent (n = 5), and having a sext forwarded without consent (n = 4). The mean prevalences for sending and receiving sexts were 14.8% (95% CI, 12.8%-16.8%) and 27.4% (95% CI, 23.1%-31.7%), respectively. Moderator analyses revealed that effect sizes varied as a function of child age (prevalence increased with age), year of data collection (prevalence increased over time), and sexting method (higher prevalence on mobile devices compared with computers). The prevalence of forwarding a sext without consent was 12.0% (95% CI, 8.4%-15.6%), and the prevalence of having a sext forwarded without consent was 8.4% (95% CI, 4.7%-12.0%).The prevalence of sexting has increased in recent years and increases as youth age. Further research focusing on nonconsensual sexting is necessary to appropriately target and inform intervention, education, and policy efforts.
1% of consultants have opted out of elective weekend working
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

payments for excellence could be progressed separately at first, with the next step being to agree assumptions for the pay modelling that will give some clarity on impacts on doctors in different specialties and at different stages of their career.13.While we consider that removal of the 'opt-out' is important and significant, we know that hospital doctors in many places are already delivering services for seven days of the week, in the evenings and at night, so the current contract does not make this impossible.We urge that agreement on contractual reform should not get in the way of making progress in testing and developing the expansion of seven-day services, given their importance for patient outcomes.United Kingdom-wide contracts 14.We encourage all four countries of the UK to work together in order to make progress on both contracts.We support UK-wide contracts for junior doctors and consultants as we feel that they best serve the needs of patients.
ANTICOAGULATION WITH VITAMIN K ANTAGONISTS VERSUS ANTIPLATELET THERAPY EARLY AFTER BIOPROSTHETIC VALVE IMPLANTATION IN THE PREVENTION OF THROMBOEMBOLISM: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS
Authors: Ferdinand Gerodias, Sue Ann Locnen, Anthony Gerodias, Jay Datukan, Patricia Mariano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Wrightington cadaveric hand and wrist trauma course
Authors: Arpit Jariwala
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The one and a half day Wrightington cadaveric hand and wrist trauma course is organised by the Upper Limb Unit at Wrightington Hospital, Wigan. Covering the soft tissue and bony tissues in hand and wrist trauma, it is recognised by the British Society for Surgery of the Hand as one of the key courses for training in hand surgery.

The course is aimed at trainees in trauma and orthopaedics and plastic surgery who wish to specialise or gain further experience in hand and wrist surgery. It is also suitable for established surgeons who want to revisit the upper limb region and get up to date with the newer implants and techniques.

In this age of the European Working Time Directive I prefer cadaveric courses with an emphasis on practical training rather than “death by PowerPoint” courses. This course achieved a balance of both types of teaching. When I began work in a hand trauma unit in February 2012 I was advised to attend this course to gain further experience. Although …
Selective modulation of the androgen receptor AF2 domain rescues degeneration in spinal bulbar muscular atrophy
Authors: Nisha M Badders, Ane Korff, Helen C Miranda, Pradeep K Vuppala, Rebecca B Smith, Brett J Winborn, Emmanuelle R Quemin, Bryce L Sopher, Jennifer Dearman, James Messing, Nam Chul Kim, Jennifer Moore, Brian D Freibaum, Anderson P Kanagaraj, Baochang Fan, Heather Tillman, Ping-Chung Chen, Yingzhe Wang, Burgess B. Freeman III, Yimei Li, Hong Joo Kim, Albert R La Spada, J Paul Taylor
Journal: Nature Medicine (2018)
Barriers facing female researchers are tackled by Academy of Medical Sciences scheme
Authors: Matthew Limb
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Barriers to female researchers seeking senior roles in science are being tackled through a pilot scheme launched by the Academy of Medical Sciences. The Sustain scheme has selected its first 20 participants, and the academy has issued a report showing the difficulties female researchers face in their careers.

The report found that many women struggle to balance work and family commitments as they look to move into senior posts in their fields and improve key skills, and it said that they would benefit from a training and mentorship programme.1

The Sustain scheme is a one year programme funded by the academy, the Medical Research Council, the Royal Society, and the Royal College of Physicians.

Susan Wray, a member of the Sustain reference group and a professor of physiology at the University of Liverpool, said, “Women often face a different set of challenges to …
Substance Misuse in Primary Care: a Multi-disciplinary Approach
Authors: Jane H Roberts
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The unassuming appearance of this slim book belies its rich interior. The unambiguous title clearly sets out its stall, but the potential readership of the book is far wider than those practitioners solely concerned with the treatment of substance misuse. The breadth of material covered and, perhaps more importantly, the style mean that the book is relevant to any primary healthcare team that works with “hard to reach” communities, and who are ready to look critically at their practice.⇓



Although the book is …
Abstract 15805: Determination of Ideal Radiofrequency Delivery Parameters, and Areas With High Risk of Pulmonary Vein Reconnection in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Pulmonary Vein Antrum Isolation
Authors: Pouria Alipour, Yaariv Khaykin, Sergio Conti, Zahra Azizi, Meysam Pirbaglou, Paul Ritvo, Alfredo Pantano, Atul Verma
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Pulmonary Vein Antral Isolation (PVI) for patients with Atrial Fibrillation (AF) refractory to medical therapy remains technically difficult with poor long term success rates. Algorit...
Signalling pathways regulating galactosaminoglycan synthesis and structure in vascular smooth muscle: Implications for lipoprotein binding and atherosclerosis
Authors: Rizwana Afroz, Yingnan Cao, Muhamad Ashraf Rostam, Hang Ta, Suowen Xu, Wenhua Zheng, Narin Osman, Danielle Kamato, Peter J. Little
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2018)
Myocardial Scar Is Prevalent and Associated With Subclinical Myocardial Dysfunction in Women With Suspected Ischemia But No Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Janet Wei, May Bakir, Navid Darounian, Quanlin Li, Sofy Landes, Puja K. Mehta, Chrisandra L. Shufelt, Eileen M. Handberg, Sheryl F. Kelsey, George Sopko, Carl J. Pepine, John W. Petersen, Daniel S. Berman, Louise E.J. Thomson, C. Noel Bairey Merz
Journal: Circulation (2018)
CARDIAC TROPONIN T CONCENTRATIONS MEASURED WITH A HIGH-SENSITIVITY ASSAY INTEGRATE INFORMATION ON REVERSIBLE MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA AND LEFT VENTRICULAR MASS IN PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED STABLE ANGINA PECTORIS: A DOPPLER-CIP SUBSTUDY
Authors: Peder Myhre, Torbjorn Omland, Sebastian Sarvari, Frank Rademakers, Jan Engvall, Rosa Sicari, Jose Zamorano, Mark Monaghan, Thor Edvardsen, Helge Rosjo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)