tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Law for Doctors: Principles and Practicalities.
Authors: S Ross, P Cochran, D Cochran, P Helms
Journal: Thorax (2001)

Methods by which patients can artificially produce raised peak flow measurements have been described.We recently observed a patient manipulating the peak flow meter in a way that had not been described before.A study was therefore undertaken to determine if this technique could repeatedly produce clinically significant changes in peak flow readings.Fifteen adults, using a mini-Wright peak flow meter, made five measurements using the correct technique followed by five manipulated measurements under observation.Significant increases in peak flow measurements were observed in 14 of the 15 subjects.The mean increase in peak flow rate using the incorrect technique was 56% (range -4% to 86%).Clinicians should be aware that patients might employ this technique to manipulate measurements which could have consequences for management.
Prognostic Factors of Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Chronic Phase Treated with Imitanib: A Peruvian Experience
Authors: José Revilla-López, Luis Casanova-Márquez, Cesar Samanez-Figari, Shirley Quintana-Truyenque, Kelly Meza-Capcha, Andrea Carolina Anampa-Guzmán
Journal: Blood (2016)
Coronary Calcium Score and Cardiovascular Risk in Elderly Populations
Authors: Julio C. Sauza-Sosa, Victor A. Ferrari, Lilia M. Sierra-Galan
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Simulation Models of Therapy Intensification in Lipid-Lowering Medicine
Authors: Paolo Calabrò, Felice Gragnano, Matteo Pirro
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Communicating Through a Patient Portal to Engage Family Care Partners
Authors: Mary E. Reed, Jie Huang, Richard Brand, Dustin Ballard, Cyrus Yamin, John Hsu, Richard Grant
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2017)

PC. Furthermore, only 3.8% of residents had an MDSdocumented prognosis of less than 6 months' survival, an unlikely scenario considering the health status of these residents.Only 1.3% (2 of 157) were enrolled in hospice, even though a 6-month prognosis should trigger hospice referral.This finding suggests that accurate assessment of prognosis is likely not occurring; as a result, an opportunity for enhanced discussion of goals of care is missed.Increasing access to PC for NH residents is critical given mounting evidence confirming that PC care in the NH setting is associated with improved care quality and satisfaction, enhanced symptom management, and fewer emergency department visits, particularly when such care is initiated earlier in the disease course. 5,6 Early identification of PC-eligible residents can help health systems target efforts designed to meet documented patient preferences, improve symptom management, ensure timely referral to hospice care, and reduce burdensome care transitions at the end of life.Expanding access to PC in NHs is currently hampered by the low supply of PC professionals available to care for NH residents.Novel strategies, such as telemedicine, will be necessary to facilitate adequate access to PC services in NH settings.
An outbreak of chickenpox in an asylum seeker centre in Italy: outbreak investigation and validity of reported chickenpox history, December 2015–May 2016
Authors: Francesco Vairo, Virginia Di Bari, Vincenzo Panella, Giuseppe Quintavalle, Saul Torchia, Maria Cristina Serra, Maria Teresa Sinopoli, Maurizio Lopalco, Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Federica Ferraro, Sabrina Valle, Licia Bordi, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi, Vincenzo Puro, Paola Scognamiglio, Giuseppe Ippolito
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2017)

An outbreak of chickenpox occurred between December 2015 and May 2016 among asylum seekers in a reception centre in Latium, Italy. We describe the epidemiological and laboratory investigations, control measures and validity of reported history of chickenpox infection. Serological screening of all residents and incoming asylum seekers was performed, followed by vaccine offer to all susceptible individuals without contraindication. Forty-six cases were found and 41 were associated with the outbreak. No complications, hospitalisations or deaths occurred. Serological testing was performed in 1,278 individuals and 169 were found to be susceptible, with a seroprevalence of 86.8%. A questionnaire was administered to 336 individuals consecutively attending the CARA health post to collect their serological result. The sensitivity, specificity and the positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV) of the reported history of chickenpox were 45.0%, 76.1%, 88.3% and 25.6%, respectively. We observed an increasing trend for the PPV and decreasing trend for the NPV with increasing age. Our report confirms that, in the asylum seeker population, chickenpox history is not the optimal method to identify susceptible individuals. Our experience supports the need for additional prevention and control measures and highlights the importance of national and local surveillance systems for reception centres.
Prostate-specific membrane antigen cleavage of vitamin B9 stimulates oncogenic signaling through metabotropic glutamate receptors
Authors: Charalambos Kaittanis, Chrysafis Andreou, Haley Hieronymus, Ninghui Mao, Catherine A. Foss, Matthias Eiber, Gregor Weirich, Palak Panchal, Anuradha Gopalan, Juan Zurita, Samuel Achilefu, Gabriela Chiosis, Vladimir Ponomarev, Markus Schwaiger, Brett S. Carver, Martin G. Pomper, Jan Grimm
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2017)

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) or folate hydrolase 1 (FOLH1) is highly expressed on prostate cancer. Its expression correlates inversely with survival and increases with tumor grade. However, the biological role of PSMA has not been explored, and its role in prostate cancer remained elusive. Filling this gap, we demonstrate that in prostate cancer, PSMA initiates signaling upstream of PI3K through G protein–coupled receptors, specifically via the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR). PSMA’s carboxypeptidase activity releases glutamate from vitamin B9 and other glutamated substrates, which activate mGluR I. Activated mGluR I subsequently induces activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) through phosphorylation of p110β independent of PTEN loss. The p110β isoform of PI3K plays a particularly important role in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer, but the origin of its activation was so far unknown. PSMA expression correlated with PI3K–Akt signaling in cells, animal models, and patients. We interrogated the activity of the PSMA–PI3K axis through positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Inhibition of PSMA in preclinical models inhibited PI3K signaling and promoted tumor regression. Our data present a novel oncogenic signaling role of PSMA that can be exploited for therapy and interrogated with imaging.
Evaluation of a fully automated extended <i>RAS-BRAF</i> test on prospectively collected plasma samples from patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Authors: Bart Jacobs, Bart Claes, Jean-Baptiste Bachet, Olivier Bouche, Erwin Sablon, Geert G. Maertens, Pierre Laurent-Puig
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e15127 Background: Extended analysis of RAS genes in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is not available in many settings and the need for an easy plasma test is high. Methods: Pre-treatment plasma samples from 198 mCRC patients enrolled in the prospective multicenter RASANC study (NCT02502656) were retrospectively assessed for the presence of ctDNA mutations in KRAS, NRAS and BRAF by the fully automated Idylla platform.Proper informed consent and statistical analysis were included. The study is ongoing. We used Idylla platform which allows analysis of 21 KRAS, 18 NRAS and 4 BRAF ctDNA mutations from mCRC using 2 ml of plasma. The tests were performed using prototype versions of the Idylla ctKRAS and ctNRAS-BRAF-EGFR S492R Mutation Assays (RUO), which contain all reagents for integrated sample preparation and multiplex real time PCR detection. The tests each require 1 ml of plasma, less than 1 minute hands-on time, and have a turnaround time of less than 130 minutes.As a comparator test, NGS analysis with a sensitivity of 0.2% was performed on extracted plasma ctDNA according to Pécuchet et al. (2016). Results: The Idylla ctDNA assays identified 84 KRAS mutated (42.4%), 6 NRAS mutated (3%) and 13 BRAF mutated (6.6%) cases. The Idylla assays detected 62 KRAS codon 12 (31%), 16 codon 13 (6.5%), 3 codon 61 (1.5%), and 8 codon 146 (4%), and 1 NRAS codon 13 (0.5%) and 5 (2.5%) codon 61 mutated samples. All BRAF mutations detected were V600E. Overall agreement between Idylla and NGS for KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF was 96%, 100%, and 99.5% respectively. Overall RASconcordance with the NGS reference method was 96.5% with a positive agreement of 98% and a negative agreement of 95% (Table 1). Discordancy analysis by means of ddPCR on plasma and/or tissue will be presented. Conclusions: Plasma-based analysis of 41 extended RAS and BRAF mutations in ctDNA on the Idylla platform enables rapid and reliable genotyping in patients with advanced colorectal cancers. Clinical trial information: NCT02502656. [Table: see text]
Surto de parotidite na província de Leão, Espanha: 1995-1996
Authors: L. E. Visser, K. C. González Perez, J Ramos Tejera, A C Berjón Barrientos, Y Vergara Guerrero, J. F. Martinez Navarro
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

A parotidite e uma doenca viral aguda, cujo sintoma principal e o inchaco doloroso de uma ou de ambas as glândulas parotidas. A parotidite nas criancas tende a ser pouco severa e 30% das infeccoes sao assintomaticas (1,2). A doenca sistemica, que afecta as gonadas, o pâncreas e o sistema nervoso central, e mais frequente pos puberdade.
Reconciling an underlying contradiction in the Distancing-Embracing model
Authors: Gerald C. Cupchik
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Abstract The Distancing-Embracing model proposes that negative emotions embedded in literary works can be rewarding. This is consistent with a holistic ontology in the German Romantic tradition. However, the application of cognitive psychology to explain experiences of aesthetic pleasure is problematic because it is founded on a mechanistic Enlightenment epistemology. The appreciation of negative emotions requires cognitive elaboration and closure, whereas hedonistic reward is contingent on the reader's needs, in the moment, for pleasure or distraction.
Abstract 13807: Influence of Body Position During Heimlich Maneuver to Relieve Supralaryngeal Obstruction: A Mannequin Study
Authors: Michitaro Ichikawa, Kenichi Nitta, Katsunori Mochizuki, Hiroshi Imamura
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The Heimlich maneuver is a common —yet not always successful—first aid measure for relieving upper airway obstruction caused by choking. Using a choking simulation mannequin, we studi...
P1.06-018 Treatment Patterns and Clinical Practices of Advanced (Stage IV) Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) in Europe - A Structured Literature Review
Authors: Thomas Brodowicz, Daniela Niepel, Emma Booth, Rohini K. Hernandez, George Braileanu, Marie Cawkwell, Justyna Amelio
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Noncontrast Myocardial T1 Mapping by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Predicts Outcome in Patients With Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Heesun Lee, Jun-Bean Park, Yeonyee E. Yoon, Eun-Ah Park, Hyung-Kwan Kim, Whal Lee, Yong-Jin Kim, Goo-Yeong Cho, Dae-Won Sohn, Andreas Greiser, Seung-Pyo Lee
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2017)
Being moved is a positive emotion, and emotions should not be equated with their vernacular labels
Authors: Thomas W. Schubert, Beate Seibt, Janis H. Zickfeld, Johanna K. Blomster, Alan P. Fiske
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

As evidence for the second process of the Embracing factor, the target article characterizes being moved as a mixed emotion linked to sadness through metonymy. We question these characterizations and argue that emotions should not be equated with their vernacular labels.
What gives your life meaning (WGYLM)? Strategies to encourage advanced care planning.
Authors: Catherina Anne Madani, Cassia Yi, Kyle Edmonds, Sharon Hamill
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

8 Background: Conversations regarding healthcare decisions are central to patient-and-family-centered care. Early and regular advanced care planning (ACP) conversations benefit the patient, family, multidisciplinary team, and healthcare system. Initiatives targeting employee’s participation in their own ACP may extend to improvement in patients’ ACP utilization. Methods: A social experiment entitled, “What gives your life meaning” (WGYLM?) initially developed at California State University, San Marcos to increase student’s awareness of ACP was adapted to focus health system’s employees’ attention on ACP over the course of a 3-month campaign that culminated during National Healthcare Decisions week. Results: 55 volunteers were involved in the campaign. Over 10,000 workstation screensavers displayed campaign slogans. A system-wide newsletter with 12,500 subscribers included a campaign write-up. The local newspaper featured a front-page color article. Almost 1,700 post-its with comments of what gives their life meaning were collected. More than 1500 ACP packets with ACP resources were distributed with over 1200 people signing a pledge to have an ACP discussion with a loved one within 30 days. Of the 664-successful follow-up email sent to pledge participants: 77 (12%) of respondents responded to the survey; 44% were nurses, and 12% were physicians; 41% reported already having an AD in place, while 21% did not currently have a designated person to make healthcare decisions on their behalf; 66 (85%) reported talking with someone about what gives their own life meaning. Of these, 51% reported it was their spouse they spoke with and 34% reported it was a coworker; 5% created an AD, and 8% edited an AD since the campaign; 73% agreed it helped them think about ACP in a less scary way; 83% agreed it increased their interest in thinking about future healthcare preferences; and 79% agreed it motivated them to talk about healthcare they would want to receive at EOL with a loved one. Conclusions: ACP conversations can be used to prepare anyone regardless of age, sex, culture, or disease. Asking heath care providers, “What gives your life meaning” may familiarize them with the process of ACP and emboldened them to encourage patients to have these same crucial conversations.
P1.03-072 Mediastinal Lymph nodes Staging by PET CT for Resectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in a Tuberculosis Endemic Country
Authors: Vinayakumar J. R, Sunil Kumar, Surayanarayana Deo, Rakesh Kumar, Prabhat Malik, Chandrashekhara Sh, Deepali Jain, Nootan Shukla
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Lecture on the Diseases of Children: Delivered in the Chatham Street School of Medicine, Manchester
Authors: None Merei
Journal: BMJ (1851)

Diseases of the Heart; Abdominal Symptoms;Vomiting; some qualities of Diarrhoea.I WILL conclude the examination of the chest with some remarks concerning the diseases of the heart.Chronic and organic affections of this central organ are rare in children.The foetal communications very seldom persist above a few days after birth.Cyanotic colouration of the skin, in a slight degree, as I have had occasion to ascertain in children, arises sometimes from various disorders, in particular of the portal system.The bellows-sound, sometimes the purring, must be always present in the case of unclosed foetal communi- cation of the auricles; but it must be remarked, that bellows-sound and palpitation are also the essential symptoms of a certain degree of chlorotic anumia, and in this case we perceive a similar sound even over the carotids.Some authors say, that, acute affections of the heart and pericardiunn are very obvious in children; I did not frequently meet with either pericarditis or endo- carditis in infants and young children.At the commencement of both of these affections, our hand laid b,eneath the areola mamma, will perceive very violent pulsations, even visible by correspondent movements at that part of the chest.If percussion gives a more or less extensively dull sound over the heart, and, by auscultating, we hear less clearly the natural sounds of the circulatory movements, we must suspect transudation in the pericardium.In the second stage of peri- carditis, if only a small quantity of lymph is exuded, we hear, not always, a distinct rubbing sound, or friction; but then, after some more lymph has been transuded, the rubbing sound becomes more hard and more audible.Rubbing, then, is the character of the exocardial murmur.The further progress of transudation is noted by increasing dulness, if we purcuss.If, on the contrary, these phenomena are absent, and we hear an abnormal murmur, like strong blowing, bruit de so.fJlet, in particular joined with the first or systolic sound, this denotes endocarditis.The best English authors call this the endocardial murmur.If these affections are acute, we observe almost always a dry cough, dyspnoea, with occasional long and deep inspira-
Propensity score matched analysis of a palliative radiation oncology consult service’s impact on length of stay and total costs during hospitalization.
Authors: Sanders Chang, Peter May, Nathan Goldstein, Doran Ricks, Kenneth Rosenzweig, Kavita Vyas Dharmarajan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

162 Background: The Palliative Radiation Oncology Consult Service (PROC) was a clinical service model developed in 2013 at Mount Sinai Hospital to provide individualized, goal-directed treatment to advanced cancer patients requiring palliative radiation therapy (PRT). We assessed its impact on length of stay (LOS) and total costs incurred during a hospitalization among patients who underwent PRT for symptomatic bone metastases while in the hospital. Methods: In our observational cohort study, we identified patients who underwent their first PRT course for bone metastases during a hospitalization between 2/2010 and 12/2016. Total costs (direct and indirect costs) during the hospitalization were extracted from the institution’s cost accounting system. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed against age, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), gender, race, primary cancer, and health insurance status. Balance across groups was verified by standardized differences before and after PSM. Average treatment effects (ATE) of hospital costs and LOS were calculated from generalized linear models with a γ distribution and log link adjusted by propensity score weights. PRT patients treated before 2013 (before PROC was established) were compared to those treated after 2013 (after PROC was established). Results: In total, 181 patients were included, with 76 treated before and 105 treated after PROC. Before propensity score matching, patients treated prior to PROC’s establishment had a median total hospital cost of $72,787 (range, $5,981-$324,652) and a median LOS of 28 days (range, 2-105); whereas patients treated after PROC had a median total hospital cost of $49,950 ($7,585-$620,943) and a median LOS of 19 days (2-139). After matching, patients had an ATE of -$16,877 total hospital cost (95% CI [-33,250,-504], p = 0.043) and -8.5 days in LOS (95% CI [-13.9,-3.2], p = 0.002). Conclusions: PROC, a clinical service model that integrated principles of palliative care practice within radiation delivery, led to substantial cost-savings and shorter lengths of stay for advanced cancer patients requiring PRT for bone metastases during a hospitalization.
Treatment for Livedoid Vasculopathy
Authors: Robert Micieli, Afsaneh Alavi
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

<h3>Importance</h3> Livedoid vasculopathy is a painful, ulcerative condition of the lower extremities for which no established treatment exists. Current treatment paradigms rely on low levels of evidence, primarily case reports and case series. <h3>Objective</h3> To systematically review the treatment for livedoid vasculopathy and synthesize the available clinical data. <h3>Evidence Review</h3> A systematic review of the literature using Ovid MEDLINE (covering the period January 1, 1946, through June 9, 2017) and Ovid EMBASE (covering January 1, 1947, through June 9, 2017) databases was performed with a broad and inclusive search strategy along with a subsequent search of the references of retrieved articles. All case series reports published in the English language and in a peer-reviewed journal discussing the treatment for livedoid vasculopathy diagnosis were included. <h3>Findings</h3> A total of 29 case series reports published in the English language and in a peer-reviewed journal discussed the treatment for livedoid vasculopathy. These reports represented a total of 339 patients, of whom 230 (68%) were female and 69 (20%) were male; sex was not stated for 40 patients. Treatment with anticoagulants, antiplatelets, anabolic steroids, thrombolytics, hyperbaric oxygen, intravenous immunoglobulins, vitamin supplementation, UV light, and a combination of 1 or more of these among other therapies had a favorable outcome. Anticoagulants were the most commonly used monotherapy, achieving a favorable response in 62 of 63 patients (98%). Anabolic steroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, and antiplatelets were the second, third, and fourth most commonly used treatments, respectively. All of these therapies were associated with good clinical outcomes. Adverse events were observed in 44 patients (13%). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> A variety of treatments with varying degrees of success have been used to treat livedoid vasculopathy. Randomized clinical trials should be performed in the future to better establish these treatments in clinical practice.