tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RAISE Act or Reduce Act?
Authors: Chadi Nabhan
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Labour trafficking: Challenges and opportunities from an occupational health perspective
Authors: Elena Ronda-Pérez, Bente E. Moen
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2017)

Labour trafficking is intrinsically related to occupational health; however, very little attention has been paid to the issue from an occupational health perspective.• The recognition of certain work-related health problems in workers in specific work sectors can help to identify victims of labour trafficking.• This essay identifies a series of opportunities for occupational health services to detect and address labour trafficking and increase health personnel awareness of the problem. Labour trafficking as a health issueLabour trafficking is a form of modern-day slavery in which individuals are recruited or transported to perform labour or services through the use of force, fraud, or coercion and under the threat of some kind of penalty.In addition, the person has not offered himself/herself voluntarily for the activity in question.The International Labour Organization (ILO) uses the expression 'forced labour' instead of the word 'trafficking' and estimates that 25 million people are victims of forced labour [1].This represents about 5.4 out of every 1,000 people globally.Approximately 90% are exploited by private individuals and enterprises.While in the past the ILO focused narrowly on sex trafficking, recently more attention has been paid to a broader range of sectors and circumstances in which forced labour may take place [2].Global assessments suggest that a substantial proportion of labour migrants end up in situations of extreme exploitation, some of which are formally identified as human trafficking [2,3].These problems can occur in any country, though the relative magnitude of the problem in different countries is not clear.The workers involved represent both genders [4] and come from different geographic regions including Asia, Africa, Latin America, and Eastern Europe, in addition to other parts of the European Union [3].Current approaches to addressing human trafficking have been developed through the work of Zimmerman [2] and Dowling [3].Inclusion of a health perspective-and an occupational health perspective in particular-can contribute to addressing the problem.With additional knowledge and awareness of the relationship between work and health, health professionals will be better equipped to identify and treat specific health problems among trafficked workers.Development of appropriate policies and regulations within the health sector is also needed.
TCT-794 Derivation of TAVR Combined Mortality and Morbidity Risk Score for Predicting 1 year Mortality and Morbidity After TAVR
Authors: Divya Ratan Verma, Michael Morris, Timothy Byrne, George Gellert, Salem Al Rabadi, Soundos Moualla, James D'Antonio, Sarah Bertram, Lynn Bessette, Ligita Centorino, Modesto Colon, Mark Tasset, Orazio Amabile, Martha Gulati, Hao Fang, Ashish Pershad
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Inhibitory and Coactivating Receptors Recognising the Same Ligand: Immune Homeostasis Exploited by Pathogens and Tumours
Authors: Francesca Levi-Schaffer, Ofer Mandelboim
Journal: Trends in Immunology (2017)

Coactivating and inhibitory receptors that share at least one ligand interact with a wide variety of ligands, indicating their importance in a range of situations. Here, we discuss principles of mainly human paired receptor function and ligand recognition, and possible therapeutic implications of targeting these receptors in cancer, autoimmune diseases, and allergy. We summarise and emphasise the idea that these receptors, which have evolved in part in response to pathogen pressure, fine-tune the immune response, preserve homeostasis, and that pathogens and tumours use the dominance of the inhibitory receptors over the coactivating receptors to avoid immune elimination. Finally, we discuss the options of using paired receptors and their ligand for immune cell education and therapy.
La grippe aviaire A/H5N1 dans l’Union Européenne – le point sur le risque pour l’homme et les réponses aux cas et épidémies chez l’homme
Authors: S De Martin, A Nicoll, D Coulombier
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Ce numero d’Eurosurveillance publie un rapport d’investigation de Georgia Spala et ses collegues decrivant une epidemie suspectee de cas humains de grippe aviaire A/H5N1 en Grece [1]. Les evenements ont eu lieu au debut du printemps 2006, alors que des cas d’infection par le A/H5N1 chez des oiseaux sauvages etaient rapportes dans plusieurs pays de l’Union Europeenne (UE). De telles infections etaient confirmees chez des oiseaux en Grece, mais apres investigation, aucun cas humain n’a ete confirme. Cependant, les enquetes et les controles de masse qui ont ete realises autour des cas infectes et des deces lors de l’epidemie survenue en Turquie en decembre 2005 et janvier 2006 [2] restent dans les memoires et temoignent de ce qui aurait pu se passer en Grece ou dans d’autres pays de l’UE.
Unspliced XBP1 Confers VSMC Homeostasis and Prevents Aortic Aneurysm Formation via FoxO4 Interaction
Authors: Guizhen Zhao, Yi Fu, Zeyu Cai, Fang Yu, Ze Gong, Rongbo Dai, Yanhua Hu, Lingfang Zeng, Qingbo Xu, Wei Kong
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Although not fully understood, the phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells exhibits at the early onset of the pathology of aortic aneurysms. Exploring the key regulators that are responsible for maintaining the contractile phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) may confer vascular homeostasis and prevent aneurysmal disease. XBP1 (X-box binding protein 1), which exists in a transcriptionally inactive unspliced form (XBP1u) and a spliced active form (XBP1s), is a key component in response to endoplasmic reticular stress. Compared with XBP1s, little is known about the role of XBP1u in vascular homeostasis and disease.
Severity of asthma symptoms, lung function and airway inflammation in the PreDicta cohort of preschool-age children with asthma
Authors: E Roumpedaki, D Karantoumanis, P Xepapadaki, Ina Sintobin, Claus Bachert, H Lukkarinen, T Jartti, T Zimmerman, S Finotto, A Sobanska, M Kowalski, NG Papadopoulos
Journal: Allergy (2015)
Rapid Intraoperative Diagnosis of Pediatric Brain Tumors Using Stimulated Raman Histology
Authors: Todd C. Hollon, Spencer Lewis, Balaji Pandian, Yashar S. Niknafs, Mia R. Garrard, Hugh Garton, Cormac O. Maher, Kathryn McFadden, Matija Snuderl, Andrew P. Lieberman, Karin Muraszko, Sandra Camelo-Piragua, Daniel A. Orringer
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Accurate histopathologic diagnosis is essential for providing optimal surgical management of pediatric brain tumors. Current methods for intraoperative histology are time- and labor-intensive and often introduce artifact that limit interpretation. Stimulated Raman histology (SRH) is a novel label-free imaging technique that provides intraoperative histologic images of fresh, unprocessed surgical specimens. Here we evaluate the capacity of SRH for use in the intraoperative diagnosis of pediatric type brain tumors. SRH revealed key diagnostic features in fresh tissue specimens collected from 33 prospectively enrolled pediatric type brain tumor patients, preserving tumor cytology and histoarchitecture in all specimens. We simulated an intraoperative consultation for 25 patients with specimens imaged using both SRH and standard hematoxylin and eosin histology. SRH-based diagnoses achieved near-perfect diagnostic concordance (Cohen's kappa, κ > 0.90) and an accuracy of 92% to 96%. We then developed a quantitative histologic method using SRH images based on rapid image feature extraction. Nuclear density, tumor-associated macrophage infiltration, and nuclear morphology parameters from 3337 SRH fields of view were used to develop and validate a decision-tree machine-learning model. Using SRH image features, our model correctly classified 25 fresh pediatric type surgical specimens into normal versus lesional tissue and low-grade versus high-grade tumors with 100% accuracy. Our results provide insight into how SRH can deliver rapid diagnostic histologic data that could inform the surgical management of pediatric brain tumors.Significance: A new imaging method simplifies diagnosis and informs decision making during pediatric brain tumor surgery. Cancer Res; 78(1); 278-89. ©2017 AACR.
Insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding protein 3 as a novel prognostic biomarker for acral lentiginous melanoma
Authors: J.W. Seo, S.M. Ha, K.H. Song
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is a distinctive histopathological subtype of melanoma that typically occurs on the palms, soles, and nail beds. Because of their anatomical locations, ALMs are typically diagnosed at late stages, resulting in a poor prognosis.1 Insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP-3) plays significant roles in cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion by enhancing IGF-2 protein expression in malignant tumours.2 We evaluated the associations between IMP-3 expression and clinicopathological features, including the western blot profile, Ki-67 index, BRAF mutation, and long-term survival, among patients with ALM.

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La vigilancia de los datos de envíos de ambulancias como herramienta para la alerta rápida
Authors: K H Bork, B M Klein, K Mølbak, S Trautner, U B Pedersen, E Heegaard
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Este articulo trata de la evaluacion y validacion de un algoritmo de deteccion de brotes basado en datos de envios de ambulancias, en el marco del programa nacional de vigilancia de las enfermedades en Dinamarca. 
La deteccion rapida de brotes es esencial para que las autoridades puedan iniciar y llevar a cabo una respuesta apropiada. Se identifico la necesidad de un sistema de deteccion de brotes para la vigilancia de datos previos a la confirmacion por laboratorio, lo que resulto en la implementacion de un sistema nuevo de vigilancia de los sintomas. 
El sistema de vigilancia controla alrededor del 80% de la poblacion danesa y aplica un algoritmo de deteccion de epidemias con datos de envios de ambulancias. Tambien controla la actividad regional y nacional y tiene los recursos integrados y disponibles para implementar una notificacion basado en sintomas en caso de una alerta. 
Una evaluacion con escenarios detallados de brotes mostro que disminuyendo la sensibilidad de la deteccion de brotes de un limite predictivo del 95% al 99%, se reduce moderadamente el tiempo de deteccion, pero disminuye notablemente el numero de falsas alertas. El sistema fue capaz de detectar rapidamente una actividad creciente de sindromes gripales en diciembre de 2003. Este sistema forma parte ahora del programa nacional de vigilancia de las enfermedades.
A retrospective analysis of non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with nivolumab
Authors: Kazumasa Akagi, Noritaka Honda, Yasuhiro Umeyama, Daiki Ogawara, Takaya Ikeda, Hiroyuki Yamaguchi, Takeshi Kitazaki, Katsumi Nakatomi, Minoru Fukuda, Hiroshi Mukae
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Comparison of New Visual Disturbances after Superior versus Nasal/Temporal Laser Peripheral Iridotomy
Authors: Kavitha Srinivasan, Nazlee Zebardast, Palaniswamy Krishnamurthy, Mohideen Abdul Kader, Ganesh V. Raman, Sharmila Rajendrababu, Rengaraj Venkatesh, Pradeep Y. Ramulu
Journal: Ophthalmology (2017)
TCT-106 Atrial Fibrillation is Associated with Increased Mortality in Intermediate-Risk Patients Undergoing TAVR or SAVR: Insights From the PARTNER 2A and PARTNER 2 S3i Trials
Authors: Angelo Biviano, Tamim Nazif, Jose Dizon, Hasan Garan, Aaron Crowley, S. Malaisrie, Raj Makkar, Vinod Thourani, Michael Mack, Wilson Y. Szeto, William Fearon, Martin Leon, Susheel Kodali
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibition in Heart Failure
Authors: Yuliya Lytvyn, Petter Bjornstad, Jacob A. Udell, Julie A. Lovshin, David Z.I. Cherney
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Despite current established therapy, heart failure (HF) remains a leading cause of hospitalization and mortality worldwide. Novel therapeutic targets are therefore needed to improve the prognosis of patients with HF. The EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial ([Empagliflozin] Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients) demonstrated significant reductions in mortality and HF hospitalization risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and cardiovascular disease with the antihyperglycemic agent, empagliflozin, a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. The CANVAS trial (Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study) subsequently reported a reduction in 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events and HF hospitalization risk. Although SGLT2 inhibition may have potential application beyond T2D, including HF, the mechanisms responsible for the cardioprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors remain incompletely understood. SGLT2 inhibition promotes natriuresis and osmotic diuresis, leading to plasma volume contraction and reduced preload, and decreases in blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and afterload as well, thereby improving subendocardial blood flow in patients with HF. SGLT2 inhibition is also associated with preservation of renal function. Based on data from mechanistic studies and clinical trials, large clinical trials with SGLT2 inhibitors are now investigating the potential use of SGLT2 inhibition in patients who have HF with and without T2D. Accordingly, in this review, we summarize the key pharmacodynamic effects of SGLT2 inhibitors and the clinical evidence that support the rationale for the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with HF who have T2D. Because these favorable effects presumably occur independent of blood glucose lowering, we also explore the potential use of SGLT2 inhibition in patients without T2D with HF or at risk of HF, such as in patients with coronary artery disease or hypertension. Finally, we provide a detailed overview and summary of ongoing cardiovascular outcome trials with SGLT2 inhibitors.
Oral Antibiotics for Colon Surgery
Authors: Marc D. Basson
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Controles de qualidade para o diagnóstico de doenças virais para melhorar a resposta às alertas na Europa
Authors: O Donoso-Mantke, H Schmitz, H Zeller, P Heyman, A Papa, M Niedrig
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

A ameaca representada pelas doencas emergentes e reemergentes, e desde menos tempo, a desseminacao deliberada de agentes infecciosos numa populacao sensivel, e considerada muito seriamente tanto ao nivel nacional como internacional. Os esforcos da saude publica para reforcar a deteccao, a vigilância e o controle destas doencas foram intensificados. No entanto, os medicos e os laboratorios clinicos desempenham um papel importante na deteccao precoce das doencas, a identificacao do agente reconhecido, e a notificacao as autoridades competentes. Para que sejam eficazes neste papel, os laboratorios devem ser especialmente preparados a tratar com agentes virais em toda seguranca e testes de diagnostico adaptados sensiveis e rapidos sao necessarios. A Rede Europeia para o diagnostico de doencas virais “importadas” (European Network for Diagnostics of “Imported” Viral Diseases, ENIVD), estabelecido em 1998, inclui actualmente entre seus membros permanentes 44 laboratorios de peritos em 21 Estados Membros da Uniao Europeia (UE) e quatro paises fora da UE. A ENIVD faz parte das redes sobre as doencas transmissiveis financiadas pela Commissao Europeia. A rede ENIVD esta encarregada de varias tarefas essenciais para a vigilância e o controle das infeccoes virais importadas, raras e emergentes, como o intercâmbio de pericias e a organizacao de programas de controle de qualidade externa, necessarios para melhorar os diagnosticos. O artigo apresentado aqui faz uma sintese dos dados provindos das actividades recentes de controle de qualidade, especialmente sobre os diagnosticos de infeccoes por hantavirus, virus da Dengue, filovirus, febre de Lassa, orthopox virus e coronavirus do SRAS. Estas analises foram feitas entre 1999 e 2004 e incluiam 93 laboratorios de 41 paises, inclusos os laboratorios de paises fora da Europa. Num futuro proximo, os paises candidatos a UE, e os paises vizinhos do leste serao convidados a juntar-se a rede. Um sitio Internet esta disponivel para o publico, no endereco http://www.enivd.de.
Alopecia areata is characterized by expansion of circulating Th2/Tc2/Th22, within the skin‐homing and systemic T‐cell populations
Authors: T. Czarnowicki, H. Y. He, H.‐C. Wen, P. W. Hashim, J. K. Nia, K. Malik, Y. Estrada, G. W. Kimmel, M. Taliercio, J. G. Krueger, E. Guttman‐Yassky
Journal: Allergy (2017)

Characterizing blood profile of alopecia areata (AA) is important not only for treatment advancements, but also for possibly identifying peripheral biomarkers that will eliminate the need for scalp biopsies. We aimed to compare frequencies of skin homing (CLA+ ) vs systemic (CLA- ) "polar" CD4+ and CD8+ and activated T-cell subsets in AA vs atopic dermatitis (AD) and control blood.Flow cytometry was used to measure IFN-γ, IL-13, IL-9, IL-17, and IL-22 cytokines in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Inducible co-stimulator molecule (ICOS) and HLA-DR were used to define mid- and long-term T-cell activation. We compared peripheral blood from 32 moderate-to-severe AA adults with 43 moderate-to-severe AD patients and 30 age-matched controls.AA patients had increased CLA+ /CLA- Th2 (P < .007), CLA+ Tc2 (P = .04), and CLA+ Th22 (P < .05) frequencies than controls. Except of CLA- Tc1 cells (P = .03), IFN-γ levels were mostly similar between AA, AD, and controls (P > .1). ICOS and HLA-DR activation were significantly higher in AA than controls (P < .05). T regulatory cells were significantly decreased in AA patients than controls (P < .01) and were correlated with activated CD8+ T cells and with multiple cytokine subsets (P < .05). While Th2 and Tc2 clustered with disease severity, IFN-γ producing cells were linked with AA duration.Alopecia areata is accompanied by Th2/Tc2 activation in skin-homing and systemic subsets, correlating with disease severity, while IFN-γ is linked to disease chronicity. These data hint for a possible role of diverse T-cells subsets in disease pathogenesis and emphasize the systemic nature of AA supporting the need for systemic therapeutic strategies in severe patients.
TCT-274 Incidence and predictors of forearm hematoma during transradial approach for percutaneous coronary interventions
Authors: Naveen Garg, K.L. Umamaheswar, Aditya Kapoor, Satendra Tewari, Sudeep Kumar, Roopali Khanna, Pravin Goel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis Unravels Interactions between Magnesium Homeostasis and Metabolic Phenotypes
Authors: Tanguy Corre, Francisco J. Arjona, Caroline Hayward, Sonia Youhanna, Jeroen H.F. de Baaij, Hendrica Belge, Nadine Nägele, Huguette Debaix, Maxime G. Blanchard, Michela Traglia, Sarah E. Harris, Sheila Ulivi, Rico Rueedi, David Lamparter, Aurélien Macé, Cinzia Sala, Stefania Lenarduzzi, Belen Ponte, Menno Pruijm, Daniel Ackermann, Georg Ehret, Daniela Baptista, Ozren Polasek, Igor Rudan, Toby W. Hurd, Nicholas D. Hastie, Veronique Vitart, Geràrd Waeber, Zoltán Kutalik, Sven Bergmann, Rosa Vargas-Poussou, Martin Konrad, Paolo Gasparini, Ian J. Deary, John M. Starr, Daniela Toniolo, Peter Vollenweider, Joost G.J. Hoenderop, René J.M. Bindels, Murielle Bochud, Olivier Devuyst
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2017)

Magnesium (Mg 2+ ) homeostasis is critical for metabolism. However, the genetic determinants of the renal handling of Mg 2+ , which is crucial for Mg 2+ homeostasis, and the potential influence on metabolic traits in the general population are unknown. We obtained plasma and urine parameters from 9099 individuals from seven cohorts, and conducted a genome-wide meta-analysis of Mg 2+ homeostasis. We identified two loci associated with urinary magnesium (uMg), rs3824347 ( P= 4.4×10 −13 ) near TRPM6 , which encodes an epithelial Mg 2+ channel, and rs35929 ( P= 2.1×10 −11 ), a variant of ARL15 , which encodes a GTP-binding protein. Together, these loci account for 2.3% of the variation in 24-hour uMg excretion. In human kidney cells, ARL15 regulated TRPM6-mediated currents. In zebrafish, dietary Mg 2+ regulated the expression of the highly conserved ARL15 ortholog arl15b , and arl15b knockdown resulted in renal Mg 2+ wasting and metabolic disturbances. Finally, ARL15 rs35929 modified the association of uMg with fasting insulin and fat mass in a general population. In conclusion, this combined observational and experimental approach uncovered a gene–environment interaction linking Mg 2+ deficiency to insulin resistance and obesity.