tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression Among Adults with Arthritis — United States, 2015–2017
Authors: Dana Guglielmo, Jennifer M. Hootman, Michael A. Boring, Louise B. Murphy, Kristina A. Theis, Janet B. Croft, Kamil E. Barbour, Patricia P. Katz, Charles G. Helmick
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

An estimated 54.4 million (22.7%) U.S. adults have doctor-diagnosed arthritis (1). A report in 2012 found that, among adults aged ≥45 years with arthritis, approximately one third reported having anxiety or depression, with anxiety more common than depression (2). Studies examining mental health conditions in adults with arthritis have focused largely on depression, arthritis subtypes, and middle-aged and older adults, or have not been nationally representative (3). To address these knowledge gaps, CDC analyzed 2015-2017 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data* to estimate the national prevalence of clinically relevant symptoms of anxiety and depression among adults aged ≥18 years with arthritis. Among adults with arthritis, age-standardized prevalences of symptoms of anxiety and depression were 22.5% and 12.1%, respectively, compared with 10.7% and 4.7% among adults without arthritis. Successful treatment approaches to address anxiety and depression among adults with arthritis are multifaceted and include screenings, referrals to mental health professionals, and evidence-based strategies such as regular physical activity and participation in self-management education to improve mental health.
Abstract 18852: Prognostic Significance of Remote Myocardium Alterations Assessed by Quantitative Non-Contrast T1 Mapping Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Ingo Eitel, Sebastian Reinstadler, Thomas Stiermaier, Georg Fuernau, Suzanne de Waha, Steffen Desch, Holger Thiele
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: The exact role and clinical relevance of remote myocardium native T1 mapping alterations assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains to be defined. Hypothesis: This study sought to assess the prognostic significance of remote zone native T1 alterations for the prediction of hard clinical events in a STEMI population treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) and to compare it with conventional markers of infarct severity. Methods: We included 255 consecutive STEMI patients reperfused by PPCI within 12 hours after symptom onset. CMR core laboratory analysis was performed to assess left ventricular (LV) function, standard infarct characteristics (infarct size, myocardial salvage, microvascular obstruction) and native T1 values of the remote, non-infarcted myocardium. The primary endpoint was a composite of death, reinfarction and new congestive heart failure within 6 months after index event (major adverse cardiac even...
How Pharmacy Benefit Managers Add to Financial Toxicity
Authors: Chadi Nabhan, Eli G. Phillips, Bruce A. Feinberg
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
An internet-based approach for lifestyle changes in patients with NAFLD: Two-year effects on weight loss and surrogate markers
Authors: Arianna Mazzotti, Maria Turchese Caletti, Lucia Brodosi, Silvia Di Domizio, Maria Luisa Forchielli, Salvatore Petta, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Giampaolo Bianchi, Giulio Marchesini
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)

Interventions aimed at lifestyle changes are pivotal for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and web-based programs might help remove barriers in both patients and therapists.In the period 2010-15, 716 consecutive NAFLD cases (mean age, 52; type 2 diabetes, 33%) were treated in our Department with structured programs. The usual protocol included motivational interviewing and a group-based intervention (GBI), chaired by physicians, dietitians and psychologists (five weekly meetings, n = 438). Individuals who could not attend GBI entered a web-based intervention (WBI, n = 278) derived from GBI, with interactive games, learning tests, motivational tests, and mail contacts with the center. The primary outcome was weight loss ≥10%; secondary outcomes were alanine aminotransferase within normal limits, changes in lifestyle, weight, alanine aminotransferase, and surrogate markers of steatosis and fibrosis.GBI and WBI cohorts had similar body mass index (mean, 33 kg/m2), with more males (67% vs. 45%), younger age, higher education, and more physical activity in the WBI group. The two-year attrition rate was higher in the WBI group. Healthy lifestyle changes were observed in both groups and body mass index decreased by almost two points;the 10% weight target was reached in 20% of WBI cases vs. 15% in GBI (not significant). In logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for confounders and attrition rates, WBI was not associated with a reduction of patients reaching short- and long-term 10% weight targets. Liver enzymes decreased in both groups, and normalized more frequently in WBI. Fatty liver index was reduced, whereas fibrosis remained stable (NAFLD fibrosis score) or similarly decreased (Fib-4).WBI is not less effective than common lifestyle programs, as measured by significant clinical outcomes associated with improved histological outcomes in NAFLD. eHealth programs may effectively contribute to NAFLD control.In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, participation in structured lifestyle programs may be jeopardized by job and time constraints. A web-based intervention may be better suited for young, busy patients, and for those living far from liver units. The study shows that, following a structured motivational approach, a web-based, interactive intervention coupled with six-month face-to-face meetings is not inferior to a standard group-based intervention with respect to weight loss, adherence to healthy diet and habitual physical activity, normalization of liver enzymes, and stable surrogate markers of fibrosis.
Prostate stromal prostaglandin D2 synthase-derived eicosanoid products suppress prostate cancer cell growth
Authors: Jeri Kim, Peiying Yang, Anita L. Sabichi, Funda Vakar-Lopez, Norma Llansa, Gabriella Mendosa, Robert A. Newman, Scott M. Lippman, David G. Menter
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

873  Prostate cancer is an indolent tumor, and the mechanisms responsible are not understood. The normal prostate produces arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites through the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway that are added to seminal fluids and aid in reproduction. Our research shows that tumor cell growth is suppressed by AA pathway metabolites that are products of lipocalcin type-prostaglandin D synthase (PGDS) in normal prostate cells and may act through high levels of nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) expressed by prostate cancer cells. All normal prostate cells studied, prostate epithelial (PrE), stromal (PrSt), and smooth muscle (PrSM) cells, expressed PGDS mRNA by RT-PCR and protein by Western analysis. In contrast, prostate cancer cells, PC-3, LNCaP, and DU145 cells, lacked any detectable PGDS mRNA by RT-PCR at 25, 35, or 45 amplification cycles and any protein expression by Western analysis. These high levels of PGDS expression in normal PrSt, PrSM, and PrE cells corresponded to significant levels of PGD2 (PrSt [2.75 + 0.001 ng/106 cells], PrSM [1.49 + 0.28 ng/106 cells], and PrE [1.24 + 0.01 ng/106 cells]) as measured by LC/MS/MS analysis and were uniformly restricted to normal cells. We then tested the biologic effects of PGDS and its metabolic products on prostate tumor cells. Conditioned medium from PrSt cells fed 10μM AA for 30 minutes inhibited prostate cancer cell growth by 20-40% at 24 hours as measured by calcein-AM vital dye. Neutralizing antibody against PGDS abrogated the inhibitory effect of PrSt-conditioned medium. This suggests that PrSt cells produce inhibitory factors that are enzymatic metabolites of PGDS. In coculture, PrSt cells induced suppression of PC-3, LNCaP, and DU145 cell growth. Additionally, PGDS subcloned into a Neo, HA tag, and Myc tag vector was expressed in COS-1 cells, which were previously determined to express both PPARγ and COX-1. Significant time-dependent changes in morphology resembling differentiation were observed in COS-1 cells expressing these vectors but not in cells transfected with empty vectors. These results suggest that prostate stromal PGDS-derived eicosanoids inhibit prostate cancer cell growth, that this effect may be mediated by activation of PPARγ, and that this prostate stromal cell-cancer cell interaction may be the mechanism that explains prostate cancer’s indolent growth. Supported by a grant from the American Cancer Society, TPRN-99-240-01-CNE-1, to DGM.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN METABOLIC PARAMETERS FROM DYNAMIC 18F-FLUOROMETHYLCHOLINE PET, PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS FROM DCE-MRI, CHOLINE TO CREATINE RATIOS FROM MRS AND TISSUE IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY FOR CHOLINE KINASE ALPHA EXPRESSION IN HUMAN BRAIN GLIOMA
Authors: Matthew Grech-Sollars, Marianna Inglese, Katherine Ordidge, Claire Davies, Vijay Vaja, Babar Vaqas, Sophie Camp, David Peterson, Lesley Honeyfield, Kevin O’Neill, Federico Roncaroli, Eric Aboagye, Tara Barwick, Adam Waldman
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Proton MR spectroscopy and Choline-PET probe different aspects of choline metabolism, and quantitative dynamic MRI yields information on vascular permeability and perfusion. The relationship between these features in different grades of glioma is, however, unclear. 14 patients with suspected primary supratentorial glioma were recruited to this study. The mean values over the whole tumour (T2-FLAIR hyperintense regions) of DCE-derived pharmacokinetic parameters were correlated with tumour to background ratio ( ratio of SUVmax in tumour to SUVmean in contralateral white matter for the 7-17-minute static PET images). Dynamic PET macroparameters were quantified with spectral analysis (SA) in six patients for whom metabolite data were available. Choline to creatine ratios (Cho/Cr) were extracted from 2D-CSI data over 257 MRS voxels and correlated with TBR. Tissue immunohistochemistry for choline kinase alpha expression in targeted biopsies was carried out in regions of tumour with high and low uptake on PET and Cho/Cr on MRS. We observed a positive significant correlation between DCE-MRI derived parameters and parameters obtained through SA of the dynamic choline-PET data as well as TBR. We also observed a positive significant correlation between MRS Cho/Cr and TBR, although this was weak when excluding WHO Grade IV tumours. We did not observe a strong correlation between choline markers on imaging and choline kinase alpha expression. The correlation between both DCE and MRS parameters with TBR indicates that a number of biological features affect the uptake of the PET tracer. DCE-MRI provides complimentary information to blood volume and permeability that may augment interpretation of PET data; and help address questions such as the degree to which tracer uptake is dominated by blood brain barrier permeability rather than metabolic activity. Choline imaging with PET and MRS may reflect metabolic processes that are not simply related to choline kinase alpha expression.
Abstract 20380: CD34+ Cell Number and Function Predicts Coronary Flow Reserve and is a Potential Biomarker for Microvascular Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Rajesh Mohandas, Eileen Handberg, Noel Bairey Merz, Sheron Wen, Carl J Pepine, Mark S Segal
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Standard risk stratification schemes underestimate the risk of cardiovascular events in women. However we have shown in the WISE study that coronary microvascular dysfunction (MCD) is...
In an unhealthy food system, what role should SNAP play?
Authors: Hilary Kessler Seligman, Sanjay Basu
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2018)

It is no longer controversial to say that the United States food system does not support a healthy diet.Junk food is extraordinarily palatable and virtually omnipresent; its advertising is pervasive; many Americans do not live within convenient distance of a grocery store stocking healthy alternatives; and healthier foods are typically perceived as costlier.In this environment, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) provides 42 million low-income people with financial assistance to purchase food.Most SNAP recipients, because they tend to live in lower-income communities, are exposed to the worst of the US food system: more unhealthy food marketing through traditional and social media, more unhealthy foods in the stores where they regularly shop, and fewer healthy foods that are financially within reach.Although SNAP benefits are intended to provide low-income families with sufficient foodpurchasing power to obtain a nutritious diet, there is broad consensus that current benefits are insufficient [1].The US food system is in urgent need of policies and programs that support and facilitate better dietary habits.In a microsimulation modeling study in this issue of PLOS Medicine, Dariush Mozaffarian and colleagues examine one such policy: leveraging SNAP to incentivize healthy food purchases and disincentivize unhealthy food purchases [2].Their model estimates that a 30% incentive on fruit and vegetable purchases would avert almost 12,000 cardiovascular deaths over the next 20 years, whereas combining a fruit and vegetable incentive with a restriction on purchases of sugar-sweetened beverages or combining a fruit and vegetable incentive with a restriction on a broad swath of unhealthy foods would avert even more cardiovascular deaths (40,420 and 48,088, respectively).Substantial cost savings are anticipated by this model.The authors estimate the effect size of the proposed fruit and vegetable incentive from outcomes of a prior randomized trial [3], which strengthens confidence in this portion of their results (the effect sizes of a sugar-sweetened beverage purchasing restriction are more uncertain).The modeling is nicely validated in the components of the simulation related to cardiovascular disease risk estimation.However, as with all modeling studies, the authors needed to make assumptions.They did not explicitly simulate substitution between food groups (e.g., from sugar-sweetened beverages to 100% fruit juice); in the restriction scenarios, there is limited compensation for use of non-SNAP dollars to buy foods not allowed with SNAP dollars; and they assume that cardiac risk reductions from temporary improvements in diet will persist in perpetuity, even if a person only receives SNAP for a brief period.Despite these assumptions, their findings align with prior models that made alternative assumptions, similarly showing that modifications to SNAP can positively influence dietary intake among lowincome people and generate substantial health benefits and cost savings [4,5].
NHS will pay £20m compensation to teenager for brain injury
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2018)

The NHS will make compensation payments that could total nearly £20m (€22.5m; $26m) to an 18 year old woman who was left severely brain damaged when she was deprived of oxygen during treatment at the age of 5 months.

The total compensation, if the unnamed woman lives for as long as expected, would total £19 744 265, a near record amount for clinical negligence compensation in the UK.

The settlement, approved by Judge Robert Harrison at Cardiff Crown Court, follows an earlier decision by a judge that doctors at the University Hospital of Wales in Cardiff had failed to ventilate …
Biochemical characterization of GSK1070916, a potent and selective inhibitor of Aurora B kinase with an extremely slow off-rate.
Authors: Jingsong Yang, Kelly Anderson, Mary Ann Hardwicke, Domingos Silva, Ken Newlander, Octerloney McDonald, Jerry Adams, Denis Patrick, Peter Tummino, Robert Copeland, Zhihong Lai
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

5649  Aurora kinases (Aurora A, B and C) are serine/threonine protein kinases that play essential roles in mitosis and cytokinesis. Among them, AurB is required for maintaining proper chromosome alignment, separation and segregation during mitosis, and for regulating a number of critical processes involved in cytokinesis. AurB gene amplification and protein overexpression have been observed in a variety of cancer cell lines and inhibition of AurB has been shown to induce tumor regression in the mouse xenograft model. Here we report the enzymatic characterization of a potent and selective AurB inhibitor. GSK1070916 is a reversible and ATP competitive inhibitor of the AurB/INCENP enzyme. It selectively inhibits AurB/INCENP (Ki* = 0.38 ± 0.29 nM) and AurC/INCENP (Ki* = 1.5 ± 0.4 nM) over AurA/TPX2 (Ki* = 490 ± 60 nM). It inhibits AurB/INCENP and AurC/INCENP in a time-dependent fashion with an enzyme-inhibitor dissociation half life of > 480 min and 270 ± 28 min, respectively. The extremely slow rate of dissociation from the AurB & C enzymes distinguishes GSK1070916 from two other Aurora inhibitors in the clinic, AZ1152 and VX-680 (also known as MK0457).
Abstract 16029: Early ECMO Overcomes Primary Graft Dysfunction After Heart Transplant
Authors: Scott DeRoo, Hiroo Takayama, Maryjane Farr, Paolo Colombo, Arthur Rashad Garan, Veli Topkara, Jiho Han, Yoshifumi Naka, Koji Takeda
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is the main cause of early mortality after heart transplantation. Despite affecting approximately 7-8% of all recipients, the etiology and optimal trea...
PROGNOSTIC INDICES FOR BRAIN METASTASES – WHICH BEST REFLECTS A UK COHORT, AND WHAT IS THE PROGNOSIS OF OUR METASTASIS PATIENTS?
Authors: Kathrin Whitehouse, Adam Nunn, George Malcolm
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Many prognostic indices have been developed for patients with newly developed brain metastases; and have been analysed by different international groups, to find what the survival rates are for patients within different levels of each index. Our aim was to categorise our patients with brain metastasis into these indices, compare their survival to the previous analyses to find which best represented our cohort, and also to find which index best separates our patients into prognostic categories. The RTOG GPA, RPA, BSBM and diagnosis-specific GPA were assessed. All patients who were referred, from January to June 2015, to Bristol Neuro-oncology MDT with probable diagnosis of solid intracerebral metastasis were included. Age, date of initial diagnosis, likely primary, KPS, number of intracranial metastases, status of systemic disease, management strategy and date of death. If the patients were still alive at time of data collection, their date of death was censored at 14/11/2017. Kaplan Meier survival curves were used for analysis, with Log rank tests to assess distinction between groups. A significance level of 5% was used. RESULTS 83 patients were identified, with 11 alive at the time of data collection. Median age was 67 years. Median survival was 4.9 months, with 47% surviving 6 months or more, an d28% surviving over one year. 63.9% had extracranial metastasis, with 61.4% uncontrolled disease. The most common tumour was melanoma (24.1%), then lung (22.9%) and breast (14.5%). 6% underwent biopsy, 16.9% total excision, 36.1% palliative care, and 37.3% SRS. Our data most closely fit with the prognoses of Villa et al (2011) for the RTOG GPA, RPA and BSBM. However, there was no significant difference in the survival between different levels of prognostic index. More data is needed from multiple centres to establish the prognosis of patients with brain metastases in the UK.
Radiomic evaluation of treatment response in patients with glioblastoma: a pilot study
Authors: Dr Markand Patel, Dr Jinfeng Zhan, Dr Kal Natarajan, Mr Robert Flintham, Dr Nigel Davies, Dr Paul Sanghera, Prof Andrew Peet, Prof Garth Cruickshank, Mr Ismail Ughratdar, Prof Vinay Duddalwar, Dr Vijay Sawlani
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Poster: ECR 2019  / C-2003 / Radiomic evaluation of treatment response in patients with glioblastoma: a preliminary study  by:  M.  D.  Patel 1, J.  Zhan2, K.  Natarajan1, R.  Flintham3, N.  Davies 3, P.  Sanghera1, A.  Peet1, V.  Duddalwar4, V.  Sawlani1; 1Birmingham/UK, 2Qingdao/CN, 3Birmingham /UK, 4Los Angeles/US