tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based guidelines for supportive care of patients with Ebola virus disease
Authors: François Lamontagne, Robert A Fowler, Neill K Adhikari, Srinivas Murthy, David M Brett-Major, Michael Jacobs, Timothy M Uyeki, Constanza Vallenas, Susan L Norris, William A Fischer, Thomas E Fletcher, Adam C Levine, Paul Reed, Daniel G Bausch, Sandy Gove, Andrew Hall, Susan Shepherd, Reed A Siemieniuk, Marie-Claude Lamah, Rashida Kamara, Phiona Nakyeyune, Moses J Soka, Ama Edwin, Afeez A Hazzan, Shevin T Jacob, Mubarak Mustafa Elkarsany, Takuya Adachi, Lynda Benhadj, Christophe Clément, Ian Crozier, Armando Garcia, Steven J Hoffman, Gordon H Guyatt
Journal: The Lancet (2017)
Serious bias in 20 year follow-up study of statin trial
Authors: Uffe Ravnskov, Harumi Okuyama, Sherif Sultan
Journal: BMJ (2017)

The BMJ ’s news story on the follow-up study of the WOSCOPS trial says that total and cardiovascular mortality were considerably reduced in men allocated to the treatment group at 20 year follow-up; in particular among those with the highest concentrations of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.12

But the study has serious bias. …
Development and bioequivalence study of potassium chloride extended release tablets
Authors: Thu Van Le Thi, Nghiem Le Quan, Hau Le
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2017)

The purposes of this study are to prepare the generic extended release tablet of potassium chloride (PC) 600 mg and to compare the absorption of potassium ion from the experimental tablets to that of Kaleorid® LP 600 mg (Leo Pharmaceutical Products, Denmark). Carnauba wax was used as retardant in the matrix core tablets. The core tablets were coated with blends of ethyl cellulose (EC) and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) to modulate the drug release. Results of a selective two-level, three-factor experiment design revealed that a blend of 41.75% of EC and 58.25% of HPMC at 4.5% weight gained could produce the coated tablets having dissolution profiles similar to those of Kaleorid®. A two-treatment, two-period, two-sequence crossover bioequivalence study was carried out on 24 healthy volunteers to compare the absorption of potassium ion from experimental tablets to that from Kaleorid®. The potassium ion in the urine was measured by a selective electrode of the ADVIA 1650 system (Bayer) and used to calculate cumulative urinary excretion and urinary excretion rate. Results of 90 percent confidence interval analysis showed that the limits for natural log-transformed cumulative urinary potassium excretion (Ln Ae0-24) of test product were in the range of 3.73-3.79 mEq, corresponding to 99.08%-100.92% of Kaleorid®, respectively, and the limits for natural log-transformed maximal potassium excretion rate (Rmax ) of test product were in the range of 1.72-1.82 mEq/h, corresponding to 97.34%-102.66% of reference product, respectively. Both of them fell within the bioequivalence interval (80%-125%) of reference product, proving that experimental product is bioequivalent to Kaleorid®.
How do we improve training in pulmonary physiology and the interpretation of lung function tests?
Authors: Gerrard Phillips
Journal: Thorax (2017)

Many years ago, pulmonary physiology and pathophysiology were central to practice, training and research in respiratory medicine. Many of the ‘big names’ in respiratory medicine were experts in pulmonary physiology. A quick canter through the ‘further reading’ section of my old, 1985, third edition of John West’s ‘Respiratory Physiology—the essentials’ reveals names such as JE (John) Cotes, NB (Neil) Pride, EJM (Moran) Campbell, doyens of respiratory medicine in their time, but now probably unfamiliar to the young respiratory physicians of today. And I remember attending amazingly erudite lectures given by the revered David Dennison at the Brompton Hospital, when I was a senior registrar there. In modern respiratory medicine training, however, pulmonary physiology competes with so many other—potentially more interesting (?)—topics that it often receives relatively scant attention. This may be in part due to the disease-oriented approach to the practice of medicine today. However, as many readers will know, patients usually don’t present with a disease label. Even today, the majority of patients presenting to the general respiratory clinic come with the non-specific symptoms of breathlessness, cough and chest pain, along with a plea from their General Practitioner, to ‘sort them out.’ In this context, I would argue that an understanding of respiratory physiology/pathophysiology and of lung function testing …
New primary care model expands to 200 sites across England
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2017)

An emerging new model of integrated primary care has expanded to more than 200 sites across England.

The Primary Care Home programme, developed by the National Association of Primary Care (NAPC), is a team based model of providing care to defined registered populations of 30 000 to 50 000 patients. GPs work alongside community services, pharmacists, voluntary organisations, social care, and others, often on the same site. Some areas are seeking to take control of whole population budgets in negotiation with local commissioners.

A …
Mental health indicators associated with oil spill response and clean-up: cross-sectional analysis of the GuLF STUDY cohort
Authors: Richard K Kwok, John A McGrath, Sarah R Lowe, Lawrence S Engel, W Braxton Jackson, Matthew D Curry, Julianne Payne, Sandro Galea, Dale P Sandler
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2017)

Adverse mental health effects have been reported following oil spills but few studies have identified specific responsible attributes of the clean-up experience. We aimed to analyse the effects of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (Gulf of Mexico) disaster on the mental health of individuals involved in oil spill response and clean-up.We used data from the Gulf Long-term Follow-up Study, a cohort of workers and volunteers involved in oil spill clean-up after the Deepwater Horizon disaster. We included 8968 workers (hired after completing training for oil spill response and clean-up) and 2225 non-workers (completed training but were not hired) who completed a Patient Health Questionnaire-8 and four-item Primary Care PTSD Screen to assess for probable depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) indicators. Participants were recruited between March 28, 2011, and March 29, 2013. The mental health indicators were assessed at home visits done between May 12, 2011, and May 15, 2013. We used regression models to analyse the effect of potentially stressful job experiences, job type, and total hydrocarbon exposure on mental health indicators.Oil spill response and clean-up work was associated with increased prevalence of depression (prevalence ratio [PR] 1·22, 95% CI 1·08-1·37) and PTSD (PR 1·35, 95% CI 1·07-1·71). Among workers, individuals who reported smelling oil, dispersants, or cleaning chemicals had an elevated prevalence of depression (1·56, 1·37-1·78) and PTSD (2·25, 1·71-2·96). Stopping work because of the heat was also associated with depression (1·37, 1·23-1·53) and PTSD (1·41, 1·15-1·74), as was working as a commercial fisherman before the spill (1·38, 1·21-1·57; and 2·01, 1·58-2·55, respectively). An increase in exposure to total hydrocarbons appeared to be associated with depression and PTSD, but after taking into account oil spill job experiences, only the association between the highest amount of total hydrocarbons and PTSD remained (1·75, 1·11-2·76).Oil spill clean-up workers with high amounts of total hydrocarbon exposure or potentially stressful job experiences had an increased prevalence of depression and PTSD. These findings provide evidence that response and clean-up work is associated with adverse psychological effects and suggest the need for mental health services both before and after the event.National Institutes of Health (NIH) Common Fund and the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.
LEGEND: A randomised phase II study comparing lenalidomide plus rituximab, gemcitabine, and methylprednisolone (R-GEM-L) to rituximab, gemcitabine, methylprednisolone, and cisplatin (R-GEM-P) in second-line treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
Authors: Mary Gleeson, Ian Chau, Clare Peckitt, Bijal Patel, Andrew Wotherspoon, Ayoma Attygalle, Yong Du, Bhupinder Sharma, David Cunningham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

TPS8618 Background: Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) exhibits high sensitivity to first-line chemo-immunotherapy, however approximately one-third of patients (pts) will relapse. A number of salvage regimens including R-GEM-P (rituximab, gemcitabine, cisplatin and methylprednisolone), are used in the relapsed/refractory (RR) setting, with overall (OR) and complete (CR) response rates of 50-70% and 20-50% respectively. Pts eligible for post-salvage consolidation with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) have an overall survival (OS) of 40% at 3 years, while ASCT-ineligible pts have a very poor prognosis. More efficacious salvage regimens are urgently needed for this patient group. Lenalidomide has shown activity in RR DLBCL (both as monotherapy and in combination with rituximab), and has been safely combined with gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. In the LEGEND trial R-GEM-L (rituximab 375mg/m2 D1 and 15, gemcitabine 1000mg/m2 D1, 8 and 15, methylprednisolone 1000mg D1-5 and lenalidomide 25mg od D1-21) and R-GEM-P are compared as second-line regimens in RR DLBCL. Methods: This is a randomised phase II open-label multicenter study. 92 eligible pts with RR DLBCL after 1 previous line of therapy, PS 0-2 and FDG-avid disease will be randomised on a 1:1 basis to 3 cycles of R-GEM-P (Arm A) or R-GEM-L (Arm B), following which pts in CR may undergo ASCT if eligible. Response will be assessed according to the Modified IWG 2007 Revised Response Criteria incorporating PET/CT. Following R-GEM-L (+/-ASCT) pts on Arm B and in CR will receive an additional 12 months of single-agent lenalidomide maintenance (25mg od D1-21 every 28 days). The primary endpoint is CR rate following induction chemotherapy. Secondary endpoints include ORR, event free survival (EFS), OS, rates of successful stem cell harvest and toxicity. Sample size was estimated using an optimal Simon 2-stage design (based on a true response probability of ≥60% and closing either arm if <40%, one-sided α: 0.05, 80% power). A total of 46 patients will be recruited to each arm. Clinical trial information: 2012-002620-32.
When Should Patients Be Involved in Cardiovascular Clinical Trial Design?
Authors: Bray Patrick-Lake, Adrian F. Hernandez
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Platelets represent an independent predictor of sustained virological response (SVR) in patients with advanced chronic hepatitis C (CHC) treated with current direct acting antiviral(s) (DAA). HERACLIS: Hellenic multicenter real-life cohort study
Authors: G. Papatheodoridis, A. Kapatais, E. Sinakos, I. Elefsiniotis, J. Goulis, M. Deutsch, J. Vlachogiannakos, G. Dalekos, J. Koskinas, S. Karatapanis, M. Schina, E. Manesis, I. Ketikoglou, V. Sevastianos, C. Triantos, E. Cholongitas, M.-V. Papageorgiou, A. Kourikou, T. Karaoulani, E. Evangelidou, A. Koukoufiki, D. Karagiannakis, N. Gatselis, M. Tampaki, G. Ntetskas, C. Tsolias, T. Voulgaris, P. Ioannidou, E. Akriviadis, S. Manolakopoulos
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)
Image Gallery: Cutaneous metastases from hidden carcinoma of the penis
Authors: M. Żychowska, J. Maj
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

DEAR EDITOR, A 67-year-old man presented with ulcerated nodules in both groins (a, b).The lesions had developed over several weeks.Histological examination of one of the nodules revealed nests of squamous cells with nuclear pleomorphism (c).Immunohistochemistry was positive for cytokeratin AE1/ AE3.On more detailed questioning, the patient reluctantly reported a several-year history of difficulty retracting the prepuce and admitted to having a blood-tinged purulent discharge from under the foreskin for several months.These symptoms were not accompanied by pain and, therefore, the patient had not previously consulted a doctor.He denied any occurrence of anogenital warts or balanitis in the past.Closer examination revealed palpable lumps on the glans, hidden under phimosis.Histopathological examination of the primary tumour after circumcision confirmed the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the penis.We would like to underscore the role of complete penile examination with prepuce retraction in all patients with inguinal lesions.
Dual Bronchodilation Response by Exacerbation History and Eosinophilia in the FLAME Study
Authors: Alberto Papi, Konstantinos Kostikas, Jadwiga A. Wedzicha, Claus F. Vogelmeier, Nicolas Roche, Steven Shen, Donald Banerji, Robert Fogel, Francesco Patalano, Kenneth R. Chapman
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2017)
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Between African American and Non–African American Women
Authors: Olga Corazón Irizarry, Lisa D. Levine, Jennifer Lewey, Theresa Boyer, Valerie Riis, Michal A. Elovitz, Zolt Arany
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2017)

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) disproportionately affects women of African ancestry, but well-powered studies to explore differences in severity of disease and clinical outcomes are lacking.To compare the clinical characteristics, presentation, and outcomes of PPCM between African American and non-African American women.This retrospective cohort study using data from January 1, 1986, through December 31, 2016, performed at the University of Pennsylvania Health System, a tertiary referral center serving a population with a high proportion of African American individuals, included 220 women with PPCM.Demographic and clinical characteristics and echocardiographic findings at presentation, as well as clinical outcomes including cardiac recovery, time to recovery, cardiac transplant, persistent dysfunction, and death, were compared between African American and non-African American women with PPCM.A total of 220 women were studied (mean [SD] age at diagnosis, 29.5 [6.6] years). African American women were diagnosed with PPCM at a younger age (27.6 vs 31.7 years, P < .001), were diagnosed with PPCM later in the postpartum period, and were more likely to present with a left ventricular ejection fraction less than 30% compared with non-African American women (48 [56.5%] vs 30 [39.5%], P = .03). African American women were also more likely to worsen after initial diagnosis (30 [35.3%] vs 14 [18.4%], P = .02), were twice as likely to fail to recover (52 [43.0%] vs 24 [24.2%], P = .004), and, when they did recover, recovery took at least twice as long (median, 265 vs 125.5 days; P = .02) despite apparent adequate treatment.In a large cohort of women with well-phenotyped PPCM, this study demonstrates a different profile of disease in African American vs non-African American women. Further work is needed to understand to what extent these differences stem from genetic or socioeconomic differences and how treatment of African American patients might be tailored to improve health outcomes.
Infradeclaración de la enfermedad del legionario en Francia: por una vigilancia más activa
Authors: A Infuso, B Hubert, J Etienne
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

La enfermedad del legionario se transmite por inhalacion de aerosoles de agua contaminados por diferentes especies de Legionella. Estas bacterias se hallan frecuentemente en reservorios de agua artificiales y su crecimiento optimo se produce en agua templada. A menudo se han identificado como focos de infeccion los sistemas de distribucion de agua caliente y las torres de refrigeracion para aire acondicionado.
TCT-143 Impact of Frailty Markers For Unplanned Hospital Readmission Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Mike Saji, Ryosuke Higuchi, Kenichi Hagiya, Itaru Takamisawa, Tetsuya Tobaru, Nobuo Iguchi, Shuichiro Takanashi, Morimasa Takayama, Mitsuaki Isobe
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Genetic Depletion or Hyperresponsiveness of Natural Killer Cells Do Not Affect Atherosclerosis Development
Authors: Wared Nour-Eldine, Jérémie Joffre, Kazem Zibara, Bruno Esposito, Andréas Giraud, Lynda Zeboudj, José Vilar, Megumi Terada, Patrick Bruneval, Eric Vivier, Hafid Ait-Oufella, Ziad Mallat, Sophie Ugolini, Alain Tedgui
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Rationale: Chronic inflammation is central in the development of atherosclerosis. Both innate and adaptive immunities are involved. Although several studies have evaluated the functions of natural killer (NK) cells in experimental animal models of atherosclerosis, it is not yet clear whether NK cells behave as protective or proatherogenic effectors. One of the main caveats of previous studies was the lack of specificity in targeting loss or gain of function of NK cells. Objectives: We used 2 selective genetic approaches to investigate the role of NK cells in atherosclerosis: (1) Ncr1 iCre/+ R26 lsl− DTA/+ mice in which NK cells were depleted and (2) Noé mice in which NK cells are hyperresponsive. Methods and Results: No difference in atherosclerotic lesion size was found in Ldlr −/− (low-density lipoprotein receptor null) mice transplanted with bone marrow (BM) cells from Ncr1 iCre R26R lsl− DTA , Noé , or wild-type mice. Also, no difference was observed in plaque composition in terms of collagen content, macrophage infiltration, or the immune profile, although Noé chimera had more IFN (interferon)-γ–producing NK cells, compared with wild-type mice. Then, we investigated the NK-cell selectivity of anti–asialoganglioside M1 antiserum, which was previously used to conclude the proatherogenicity of NK cells. Anti–asialoganglioside M1 treatment decreased atherosclerosis in both Ldlr −/− mice transplanted with Ncr1 iCre R26R lsl− DTA or wild-type bone marrow, indicating that its antiatherogenic effects are unrelated to NK-cell depletion, but to CD8 + T and NKT cells. Finally, to determine whether NK cells could contribute to the disease in conditions of pathological NK-cell overactivation, we treated irradiated Ldlr −/− mice reconstituted with either wild-type or Ncr1 iCre R26R lsl− DTA bone marrow with the viral mimic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid and found a significant reduction of plaque size in NK-cell–deficient chimeric mice. Conclusions: Our findings, using state-of-the-art mouse models, demonstrate that NK cells have no direct effect on the natural development of hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis, but may play a role when an additional systemic NK-cell overactivation occurs.
TCT-846 Clinical Outcomes in Patients Treated With the Fully Absorbable, Everolimus-Eluting RENUVIATM Scaffold: Primary Endpoint Results from the FAST First Human Use Study
Authors: Sujith Seneviratne, Andrejs Erglis, Darren Walters, Robert Whitbourn, Jamie Layland, Jim Stewart, Seif El-Jack, Thomas Christen, Dominic Allocco, Ian Meredith
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Abstract 14688: Sarcopenia Is Independently Associated With Arterial Stiffness In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Yuki Imaizumi, Kazuo Eguchi, Mitsuyoshi Yamamoto, Ryuichiro Kaku, Kazuomi Kario
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Sarcopenia is defined as an age-associated loss of muscle mass and function. It was recently reported that sarcopenia is often accompanied by diabetes mellitus (DM). Hypothesis: Sarco...
TCT-722 Association of Pre-Operative Myocardial Perfusion Imaging and Revascularization with Post-Operative Cardiac Events in Patients Undergoing Elective Non-Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Cheol Hyun Lee, Yong-Hoon Yoon, Sang Yong Om, Minsoo Kim, Hanbit Park, Sang-Cheol Cho, Ungjeong Do, Kyusup Lee, Osung Kwon, Do-yoon Kang, Pil Hyung Lee, Jung-Min Ahn, Duk-Woo Park, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
TCT-796 Percutaneous coronary intervention in left main coronary artery disease concomitant with acute coronary syndrome. Clinical results at a long-term follow-up
Authors: Ignacio Sanchez-Perez, Jesus Piqueras-Flores, Fernando Lozano, María Thiscal López Lluva, Natalia Pinilla-Echeverri, Ramón Maseda Uriza, Alfonso Jurado-Román
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Abstract 15519: Red Cell Distribution Width Predicts Inflammatory Conditions After Cardiovascular Surgery
Authors: Ian D van Koeverden, Imo E Hoefer, Hester den Ruijter, Mark de Groot, Gerard Pasterkamp
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background:  Red cell distribution width (RDW), a measure of erythrocyte size heterogeneity, has been identified as an independent risk factor for mortality and morbidity in cardiovascular disease and poor outcome in sepsis patients. We therefore hypothesized that elevated preoperative RDW levels are an independent risk factor for postoperative inflammatory conditions in cardiovascular surgery patients.   Methods:  RDW was measured in 2708 patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery and 160 patients undergoing open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair between 2007 and 2013 in a single Dutch university hospital. Baseline patient characteristics and complication registry were obtained from in-hospital digital patient charts. The composite inflammatory condition consisted of all postoperative inflammatory in-hospital complications, including pneumonia, sepsis, multi-organ failure, and renal failure. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed in order to determine associations between RDW and the development of postoperative inflammatory conditions.   Results:  In total, 85 (3.4%) and 43 patients (31.6%) developed a postoperative inflammatory condition after CABG and AAA-repair, respectively. The majority of inflammatory conditions consisted of pneumonias in both the CABG-cohort (68 patients (2.7%)) and in the AAA-cohort (35 patients (25.7%)). After adjustment for possible confounders, RDW was independently associated with postoperative inflammatory conditions in both the CABG- (OR 1.19(95% CI 1.07-1.32) p=0.001) and in the AAA-cohort (OR 1.80(95% CI 1.23-2.61) p=0.002) for every increment of 1 percent in RDW.   Conclusion:  The RDW is an independent preoperative risk factor for the development of postoperative inflammatory conditions in cardiovascular surgery patients. Measurements of RDW could be used to initiate preventive therapy for inflammatory complications in high risk cardiovascular patients. Further research is needed to show that RDW guided preventive therapy indeed reduces complications during follow-up.