tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 15120: Anacetrapib Alters Triglyceride Trafficking and Clearance in Rhesus Macaques: Interrogating the Mechanism Behind V/LDL-Cholesterol Reduction
Authors: Thomas P Roddy, David G Mclaren, Stephen F Previs, Ying Chen, Keiana Dunn, Dan Xie, Steven J Stout, Haihong Zhou, Rui Tang, Ray Rosa, Jose Castro-Perez, Gail Forrest, Daphne Szeto, Alison A Kulick, Michele A Cleary, Karen Akinsanya, Andrew S Plump, Hayes Dansky, Douglas G Johns
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) facilitates the exchange of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides (TG) between HDL particles and apoB containing lipoproteins. Assessment of CETP activity has been mainly based upon  in vitro  transfer assays and, therefore, may not reflect the activity of CETP mediated exchange  in vivo . Novel isotope tracer methods were developed to study the transfer of lipids  in vivo . We used these techniques to systematically study lipid fluxes in lipoprotein particles from fed and fasted rhesus macaques before and after 10 days of treatment with the CETPi , anacetrapib. In two separate studies, dual isotopes of oleic acid, [ 2 H 11 ] p.o. in heavy cream and [ 13 C 18 ]i.v., were administered before and after treatment with anacetrapib 150 mg/kg Q.D.. Plasma samples, collected at eight times postprandially and at 24 h, were analyzed for total cholesterol and TG using biochemical methods, and lipoprotein fractions were analyzed for isotope labeled lipids using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Treatment with anacetrapib increased total plasma cholesterol by >70%, and HDL cholesterol by >110%. A >90% (p 85% (p
NCCN Guidelines Update: Evolving Radiation Therapy Recommendations for Breast Cancer
Authors: Kilian E. Salerno
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2017)

In the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Breast Cancer, among adjuvant radiotherapy options for whole-breast irradiation after breast-conserving surgery, hypofractionation is preferred. For the use of accelerated partial-breast irradiation, the NCCN Guidelines have adopted the updated definition of "suitability" used by the American Society for Radiation Oncology. Regional nodal irradiation is indicated—either in the setting of breast-conserving surgery or after mastectomy—for women with ≥4 positive nodes and should be strongly considered for 1 to 3 positive lymph nodes and select patients with node-negative disease deemed at high risk for recurrence.
Alteplase for stroke [1] (multiple letters)
Authors: Howard Mann, James Li, Larry A. Nathanson, Trevor J. Mills, Karin E. Netland, Richard Paula, Douglas Ragland, David Faxon, Robert C. Solomon, Jerome R. Hoffman, Jeanne Lenzer, Jeffrey L. Saver, Chelsea S. Kidwell, Sidney Starkman
Journal: BMJ (2002)
ペースメーカー植込後皮膚圧迫壊死を繰り返したが,ゴアテックス被覆・大胸筋下留置で経過良好となった一例
Authors: 中本敬, 中田敦之, 植良芙彌, 宮岡宏治, 松本悟, 野嶋祐兵, 築山真希, 中川理
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Bilateral Tibial Osteofibrous Dysplasia on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Hiroaki Nagano, Megumi Jinguji, Masanori Nakajo, Michiyo Higashi, Takashi Yoshiura
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2017)

A 17-year-old girl had pain in the right front lower leg while road racing 2 months earlier. Radiography and CT showed osteolytic lesions in the medial part of the bilateral tibia. Bone scintigraphy showed focally increased radiotracer uptake in the bilateral tibia. The lesions showed hypermetabolism on FDG PET/CT. Osteofibrous dysplasia was suspected from the radiographic findings, but adamantinoma or metastases could not be excluded. Surgical biopsies were performed, and histopathologic studies confirmed the diagnosis of bilateral osteofibrous dysplasia.
Unusual Sites of Malignancy
Authors: Anthony Abner, Roger Lange, Gregory Gauvin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

Article Tools DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2001.19.5.1572 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11230501 Unusual Sites of Malignancy Case 2. Orbital Lymphoma Anthony AbnerxAnthony AbnerSearch for articles by this author , Roger LangexRoger LangeSearch for articles by this author , Gregory GauvinxGregory GauvinSearch for articles by this author Show More Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA, Copyright © 2001 American Society of Clinical Oncology https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2001.19.5.1572 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Combination of multitarget antiangiogenic agents with taxanes-containing chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A meta analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Authors: Jin Sheng, Yunpeng Yang, Yaxiong Zhang, Shaodong Hong, Ting Zhou, Tao Qin, Zhihuang Hu, Yan Huang, Li Zhang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e19047 Background: Novel multitarget antiangiogenic agents (MAA) have shown promising but inconsistent efficacy in combination with chemotherapy in treatments of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We summarized the current evidences from relevant phase II/III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by performing this meta-analysis. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for eligible literature. The experimental arm was defined as MAA plus taxanes-containing chemotherapy (TCC) group while the control arm as standard TCC group. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for survival outcomes and risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous data, with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Subgroup analysis were conducted separately according to the clinical characteristics. Results: 15 phase II/III RCTs that involved a total of 9703 participants were included. Compared to the control arm, the combination with MAA was associated with significant longer OS (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.87 to 0.96, p = 0.0006), prolonged PFS (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.87, p < 0.00001), superior ORR (RR 1.69, 95% CI 1.47 to 1.95, P < 0.0001) and DCR (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.32, p < 0.00001). Subgroup analysis indicated that patient with non-squamous cancer, nonsmokers or female got significant OS improvement. Slightly OS improvement was shown in first-line treatment (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.02, p = 0.12), however, the practice in second line was associated with significant result (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.96, p = 0.002). Toxicities were greater but generally mild or moderate in severity in the combination group and were manageable. Conclusions: For patient with advanced NSCLC, the combination of multitarget antiangiogenic agents with taxanes-containing chemotherapy significantly improved survival and anti-tumor activity, as compared with taxanes-containing chemotherapy alone. In addition, data from this meta-analysis may shed light on the strict selection of patient and combination strategy for future study of antiangiogenic agents in NSCLC.
Anti-diabetic effects and mechanisms of action of a Chinese herbal medicine preparation JQ-R in vitro and in diabetic KK Ay mice
Authors: Quan Liu, Shuainan Liu, Lihui Gao, Sujuan Sun, Yi Huan, Caina Li, Yue Wang, Nan Guo, Zhufang Shen
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2017)

Refined-JQ (JQ-R) is a mixture of refined extracts from Coptis chinensis (Ranunculaceae), Astragalus membranaceus (Leguminosae) and Lonicera japonica (Caprifoliaceae), the three major herbs of JinQi-JiangTang tablet, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula. The mechanisms by which JQ-R regulates glucose metabolism and improves insulin sensitivity were studied in type 2 diabetic KKAy mice and insulin-resistant L6 myotubes. To investigate the mechanisms by which JQ-R improves insulin sensitivity, a model of insulin-resistant cells induced with palmitic acid (PA) was established in L6 myotubes. Glucose uptake and expression of factors involved in insulin signaling, stress, and inflammatory pathways were detected by immunoblotting. JQ-R showed beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in a euglycemic clamp experiment and decreased fasting insulin levels in diabetic KKAy mice. JQ-R also improved the plasma lipid profiles. JQ-R directly increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels in insulin-resistant L6 cells, and elevated the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake with upregulated phosphorylation of AKT. The phosphorylation levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB p65), inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB α), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1/2) and extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) were also changed after JQ-R treatment compared with the control group. Together these findings suggest that JQ-R improved glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic KKAy mice. JQ-R directly enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in insulin-resistant myotubes with improved insulin signalling and inflammatory response and oxidative stress. JQ-R could be a candidate to achieve improved glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The burden of rare cancers in the United States
Authors: Carol E. DeSantis, Joan L. Kramer, Ahmedin Jemal
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2017)

Abstract There are limited published data on the burden of rare cancers in the United States. By using data from the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program, the authors provide information on incidence rates, stage at diagnosis, and survival for more than 100 rare cancers (defined as an incidence of fewer than 6 cases per 100,000 individuals per year) in the United States. Overall, approximately 20% of patients with cancer in the United States are diagnosed with a rare cancer. Rare cancers make up a larger proportion of cancers diagnosed in Hispanic (24%) and Asian/Pacific Islander (22%) patients compared with non‐Hispanic blacks (20%) and non‐Hispanic whites (19%). More than two‐thirds (71%) of cancers occurring in children and adolescents are rare cancers compared with less than 20% of cancers diagnosed in patients aged 65 years and older. Among solid tumors, 59% of rare cancers are diagnosed at regional or distant stages compared with 45% of common cancers. In part because of this stage distribution, 5‐year relative survival is poorer for patients with a rare cancer compared with those diagnosed with a common cancer among both males (55% vs 75%) and females (60% vs 74%). However, 5‐year relative survival is substantially higher for children and adolescents diagnosed with a rare cancer (82%) than for adults (46% for ages 65‐79 years). Continued efforts are needed to develop interventions for prevention, early detection, and treatment to reduce the burden of rare cancers. Such discoveries can often advance knowledge for all cancers. CA Cancer J Clin 2017. © 2017 American Cancer Society . CA Cancer J Clin 2017;67:261–272. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Tardive Dyskinesia Drug Approved
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Epigenetic Regulator Screen Identifies Novel Targets That Sensitize MLL-Rearranged Leukemia to DOT1L Inhibition
Authors: Chun-Wei David Chen, Christopher Delaney, Haiming Xu, Richard Koche, Amaya Lujambio Goizueta, Takayuki Hoshii, Monica Cusan, Jonathan Chabon, Daria Gianina Valerio, Michael Kuehn, Xi Wang, Sheng Cai, S. Haihua Chu, Yining Kevin Chen, Justin He, Chun-Hao Huang, Zhaohui Feng, Andrei Krivtsov, Jun Qi, James E. Bradner, Scott W. Lowe, Scott A. Armstrong
Journal: Blood (2016)
Final overall survival analysis for the RECORD-3 study of first-line everolimus followed by sunitinib versus first-line sunitinib followed by everolimus in metastatic RCC (mRCC).
Authors: Jennifer J. Knox, Carlos H. Barrios, Tae Min Kim, Thomas Cosgriff, Vichien Srimuninnimit, Kenneth B. Pittman, Roberto Sabbatini, Sun Young Rha, Thomas W. Flaig, Ray D. Page, J. Thaddeus Beck, Foon yiu Cheung, Sunil Yadav, Poulam M. Patel, Lionnel Geoffrois, Edward Schiff, Julie Niolat, Noah Berkowitz, Maurizio Voi, Robert Motzer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

4554 Background: RECORD-3 (ClinicalTrials.gov ID, NCT00903175) was a multicenter, randomized phase 2 trial that compared first-line everolimus followed by sunitinib (EVE→SUN) with first-line sunitinib followed by everolimus (SUN→EVE) at progression of disease (PD) in patients with mRCC. In the final primary analysis comparing PFS of EVE and SUN as first line therapy, the noninferiority margin was not achieved; therefore, the primary endpoint was not met (J Clin Oncol 2014;32:2765). The objective of this analysis was to evaluate mature data for secondary endpoints. Methods: Patients with mRCC (clear or non-clear cell) and without prior systemic therapy were randomly assigned 1:1 to either first-line EVE 10 mg/day or SUN 50 mg/day (4 weeks on, 2 weeks off) until first occurrence of PD (RECIST v1.0). Patients then crossed over and continued on the alternate drug until second occurrence of PD. For this final analysis, mature data for combined first- and second-line progression-free survival (cPFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Data lock for final analysis was November 25, 2014. Results: From October 2009 to June 2011, 471 patients were enrolled (EVE→SUN, n = 238; SUN→EVE, n = 233) and most patients in both arms had clear cell RCC (~85%). Among patients who discontinued first line, 128 (55%) crossed over from EVE to SUN and 116 (51%) crossed over from SUN to EVE. The primary protocol-related reason for not crossing over was ineligibility related to poor performance status or PD-related decline in condition (~40%). Median duration of follow-up was ~3.7 years. At final OS analysis, median cPFS was 21.7 months for EVE→SUN and 22.2 months for SUN→EVE (hazard ratio [HR], 1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-1.59). Median OS was 22.4 months for EVE→SUN and 29.5 months for SUN→EVE (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.87-1.37). The rate of grade 3 or 4 adverse events suspected to be drug related was 62% in the EVE→SUN arm and 71% in the SUN→EVE arm. Conclusions: Results of this final analysis are consistent with initial results and further support the standard sequence of SUN followed by EVE at PD. Safety profiles of EVE and SUN were consistent with those previously reported. Clinical trial information: NCT00903175.
OC-045 Randomised prospective trial of transnasal vs standard upper diagnostic endoscopy under local anaesthetic: interim analysis of endoscopy quality, patient acceptability and tolerability
Authors: E G Alexandridis, K Trimble, P Hayes, J N Plevris
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Transnasal upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (TNE) using ultrathin endoscopes is considered less invasive, thus an attractive alternative, if not a first choice option, for diagnostic upper endoscopy. This is the first prospective, randomised study, in a UK population to assess tolerability, acceptability and quality of TNE, in comparison with standard upper endoscopy (SOGD) under local anaesthetic. <h3>Methods</h3> We prospectively recruited up to date 125 patients [59 male/66 female] mean age 57 years. The Fujinon EG530N (5.9 mm) and EG530WR (9.4 mm) endoscopes were used. The endoscopist and all patients completed detailed questionnaires regarding tolerability, acceptance and quality of each endoscopy using standard visual analogue scales (VAS). Oxygen saturation [SaO<sub>2</sub>], heart rate [HR] and systolic blood pressure [SBP] were recorded during procedure. SOGD group received O<sub>2</sub> 2 lt/min. Quality of biopsies was evaluated blindly by the reporting pathologists. <h3>Results</h3> Trial interim analysis included 129 endoscopies in 125 patients [TNE=65, SOGD=64]. In all patients intubation of D2 was achieved. VAS scores for patient comfort (higher score=greater comfort) were significantly better in the TNE compared to SOGD group (7 vs 5.6, respectively, p=0.0013). 40 patients had previous experience of standard endoscopy, and 22(55%) reported gagging as main reason of discomfort. 22/40 were randomised to TNE. 21 of these 22 patients [95.5%] stated preference to transnasal endoscopy in the future. Gagging score (higher score=more gagging) was significantly less in the TNE compared with SOGD group (0.05 vs 3.22 respectively, p2 (98 % vs 98.3%, respectively, p=0.22). Only 2 (5.4%) of TNE biopsies did not permit a definite diagnosis, but when standard biopsies were later taken, also failed to confirm diagnosis. <h3>Conclusion</h3> TNE is equal to SOGD in image quality, endoscope handling and length of procedure. It is superior to SOGD in the ability to perform a panendoscopy and in terms of comfort and patient acceptance. Importantly it induced significantly less stress to the heart, thus should be considered as the endoscopic diagnostic method of choice in patients with significant cardio-respiratory problems. <h3>Competing interests</h3> E Alexandridis conflict with: fellowship received from Fujinon, Imotech, K Trimble: None declared, P Hayes: None declared, J Plevris grant/research support from: Fujinon, Imotech, Conflict with: Fuji Provided Loan Equipment for trial.
Bereavement without a death
Authors: Rosamund Snow
Journal: BMJ (2017)

When I was a kid I wanted to be the kind of person who can crash land in the desert and walk for days to safety; the loyal adventurer who won’t give up searching the mountains for a friend even when everyone else is exhausted. Then I got a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.

Life with type 1 is manageable, but it’s hard work to be adventurous and it’s impossible to be completely spontaneous. If I were dropped in the desert, I’d die pretty quickly. In fact, if I want to walk to the shops, or even eat a piece of fruit, I have to plan, think about what happened since my last injection and what is likely to happen before my next one; I have to carry emergency supplies; I have to do blood tests. I can’t even have a drink without having to do maths.

Nobody real had died, but the person I wanted to be was gone forever.

As a patient I had to be …
Post-recurrence survival in patients with previously resected esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC).
Authors: Mark Lewis, Harry H. Yoon, Qian Shi, Robert B. Diasio, Frank A. Sinicrope
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

4075 Background: EAC recurrence after surgery with curative intent is believed to carry a uniformly dismal prognosis that may discourage further therapy. To date, the post-recurrence survival of patients has not been examined in EAC. Our aim was to examine site of recurrence in relation to outcome in EAC patients after surgery. Methods: Among EAC patients (N = 796) rendered margin-free at surgery performed at Mayo Clinic, most were T3-4 and lymph node (LN)-positive; none received neoadjuvant therapy. The patient subset who had documented disease recurrence (N = 401) formed the current study population. Cox models were used to examine overall survival (OS) post-recurrence. Results: Among patients with recurrence, median time to recurrence (TTR) was 11 months. Site of recurrence included loco-regional (regional LNs, esophagogastric, anastomosis), chest, abdomen, or distant sites in 97 (27%), 144 (40%), 181 (50%), and 88 (24%) patients, respectively. Most recurrences (66%) were limited to one site. Chest-involved recurrence was significantly associated with improved OS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.78, P = .047), even after adjusting for TTR, number of recurrence sites, tumor pathology, and palliative chemotherapy. This result was confirmed when multivariate analysis was restricted to patients who had only 1 recurrence site (Table) or who had biopsy-proven recurrence (P = .080). In separate models, abdomen-involved (HR = 1.3, P = .016) or bone-involved (HR = 1.6, P= .008) recurrences were independently associated with worse OS. Conclusions: Chest-involved recurrence of EAC independently predicts for improved survival, whereas abdominal and bony sites of recurrence predict for worse outcome. Primary tumor grade and node number were durable prognosticators after recurrence. These novel data provide useful prognostic information and have the potential to influence clinical decision-making. [Table: see text]
Microsatellite Instability Induced Mutation in DNA Repair Genes, CTiP and Mre11 Confer Hypersensitivity to PARP Inhibitors in Myeloid Malignancies
Authors: Terry J Gaymes, Rajani Chelliah, Austin G Kulasekararaj, Azim M Mohamedali, Sydney Shall, Ghulam J. Mufti
Journal: Blood (2011)
Autologous peripheral blood stem cell mobilization following high-dose CHOP chemotherapy combined with rituximab in patients with NHL.
Authors: Ping Zhou, Yuankai Shi, Xiaohui He, Peng Liu, Xiaohong Han, Shengyu Zhou, Jianliang Yang, Changgong Zhang, Yan Qin, Sheng Yang, Liya Zhao, Jiarui Yao, Shuxiang Zhang, Yan Sun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e18003 Background: The CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone) regimen is an efficient treatment of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). This study was aimed to assess the efficacy and toxicity of high-dose (HD) CHOP ± rituximab on autologous peripheral blood stem cell (APBSC) mobilization for the patients with NHL. In the meantime, factors affecting the collection of CD34+ cells were explored. Methods: 39 patients eligible for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) were included in this retrospective study, 14 patients received HD CHOP combined with rituximab for APBSC mobilization and the others received HD CHOP regimen alone. Results: For all, the median number of CD34+ cell yield was 7.01×106/kg with 37 patients achieving to meet the target CD34+ cell harvest of ≥2.0×106/kg and 27 patients (69.2%) achieved the optimal collection≥5.0×106/kg. 26 of the patients underwent only one apheresis procedure with median CD34+ cell collection of 6.93×106/kg. The mobilization yield of CHOP group appeared to be higher than that of R-CHOP group (P=0.005), however, the success rate was similar. Rituximab seems to elevate the complete response (CR) rate, although the difference failed to achieve the statistical significance (P=0.063). In the univariate analysis, younger age, male gender and higher percentage of peripheral blood CD34+ cell for the first apheresis tended to get better CD34+ cell collection. Previous chemotherapy cycles, duration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment for mobilization and days from mobilization to apheresis were negative factors for the CD34+ cell collection. However, only age (P=0.008) and the percentage of peripheral blood CD34+ cell for the first apheresis (P<0.001) had a predictive value for the total CD34+ cell yield in multivariable analysis. Conclusions: This study showed that HD CHOP chemotherapy provides effective mobilization of APBSC in patients with NHL, and addition of rituximab to HD CHOP regimen was a feasible regimen on APBSC mobilization.