tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medical Assistance in Dying—Unanswered Questions
Authors: Joseph L. Verheijde, Mohamed Y. Rady
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
How effective is telephonic case management of cancer patients undergoing active therapy?
Authors: Charlotte Wu, Wade M Bannister, Hungching Chan, Pam Schumacker, Michael W Rosen, Kelly L Blair, Arthur H Rossof
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e17519 Background: The Cancer Support Program (CSP) of Optum provides patients and their caregivers with telephonic case management by experienced oncology nurses, social workers and appropriately-trained physicians. Goals include reducing emergency department visits and hospitalizations, and helping patients comply with treatments and more effectively manage symptoms. The intent of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of CSP from both quality and financial perspectives. Methods: The study used a case control approach to compare participants and non-participants of the Optum CSP program. Propensity score method was applied to adjust for baseline differences between the two groups. The study population consisted of cancer patients (N=8,833) enrolled in commercial health plans through self-insured employers. The patients were referred into CSP between July 2009 and June 2011. Outcomes of cost and hospice days were estimated with generalized linear models. We also compared the group of CSP participants (N=3,716) to active cancer patients enrolled in a general CM program (N=2,867) on the topics the nurses discussed with patients. Results: For program participants who were under active treatment and survived at least 6 months after referral , medical cost per patient per month during the six month of engagement was reduced by 9.8% (95% confidence interval [3.7%, 15.6%], p-value 0.002). The decedent’s cost during the last 3 months of the life was reduced by 19.9% (95% confidence interval [2.8%, 34.1%], p-value 0.025). Average hospice days of all deceased CSP participants increased by 42.3%, (95% confidence interval [13.9%, 77.8%], p-value 0.002). CSP nurses, all of whom had cancer management experience, addressed 56 topics of cancer-related support compared to only 11 for general CM nurses. Among the topics that both groups addressed, 35% of the topics were addressed 10% or more frequently by CSP nurses, including “Cancer Treatment Choices Outlined” and “Education Provided: Cancer Medications” etc. Conclusions: We conclude the Optum CSP program is effective in reducing medical cost, promoting use of hospice and providing cancer-specific patient support for a population of cancer patients under active treatment.
TDP-43 pathology disrupts nuclear pore complexes and nucleocytoplasmic transport in ALS/FTD
Authors: Ching-Chieh Chou, Yi Zhang, Mfon E. Umoh, Spencer W. Vaughan, Ileana Lorenzini, Feilin Liu, Melissa Sayegh, Paul G. Donlin-Asp, Yu Han Chen, Duc M. Duong, Nicholas T. Seyfried, Maureen A. Powers, Thomas Kukar, Chadwick M. Hales, Marla Gearing, Nigel J. Cairns, Kevin B. Boylan, Dennis W. Dickson, Rosa Rademakers, Yong-Jie Zhang, Leonard Petrucelli, Rita Sattler, Daniela C. Zarnescu, Jonathan D. Glass, Wilfried Rossoll
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2018)

The cytoplasmic mislocalization and aggregation of TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) is a common histopathological hallmark of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia disease spectrum (ALS/FTD). However, the composition of aggregates and their contribution to the disease process remain unknown. Here we used proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) to interrogate the interactome of detergent-insoluble TDP-43 aggregates and found them enriched for components of the nuclear pore complex and nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery. Aggregated and disease-linked mutant TDP-43 triggered the sequestration and/or mislocalization of nucleoporins and transport factors, and interfered with nuclear protein import and RNA export in mouse primary cortical neurons, human fibroblasts and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons. Nuclear pore pathology is present in brain tissue in cases of sporadic ALS and those involving genetic mutations in TARDBP and C9orf72. Our data strongly implicate TDP-43-mediated nucleocytoplasmic transport defects as a common disease mechanism in ALS/FTD.
Generation of matched patient-derived xenograft in vitro-in vivo models using 3D macroporous hydrogels for the study of liver cancer
Authors: Eliza Li Shan Fong, Tan Boon Toh, Quy Xiao Xuan Lin, Zheng Liu, Lissa Hooi, Masturah Bte Mohd Abdul Rashid, Touati Benoukraf, Edward Kai-Hua Chow, The Hung Huynh, Hanry Yu
Journal: Biomaterials (2018)
The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Pharmacological Treatment of Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Victor I. Reus, Laura J. Fochtmann, Oscar Bukstein, A. Evan Eyler, Donald M. Hilty, Marcela Horvitz-Lennon, Jane Mahoney, Jagoda Pasic, Michael Weaver, Cheryl D. Wills, Jack McIntyre, Jeremy Kidd, Joel Yager, Seung-Hee Hong
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2018)
Allergy in IgG4-related disease
Authors: Shoko Matsui, Seisuke Okazawa, Kohtaro Tokui, Kenta Kambara, Shingo Imanishi, Chihiro Taka, Tohru Yamada, Minehiko Inomata, Toshiro Miwa, Ryuji Hayashi
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Effect of the loss of the type III TGFβ receptor during tumor progression on tumor microenvironment: Preclinical development of TGFβ inhibition and TGFβ-related biomarkers to enhance immunotherapy efficacy.
Authors: Brent Allen Hanks, Alisha Holtzhausen, Petra Gimpel, Rebekah Jamieson, Olivia M. Campbell, Lihong Sun, Christina K. Augustine, Douglas S. Tyler, Takuya Osada, Michael Morse, Leona E. Ling, H. Kim Lyerly, Gerard C. Blobe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

10563 Background: Overall, the clinical efficacy of tumor immunotherapy has been limited. Our incomplete understanding of the complex interplay between tumors and the immune microenvironment has contributed to these modest outcomes. Our work has revealed that several tumors downregulate the expression of the type III TGFβ receptor (TβRIII) with progression. TβRIII is shed from the cell surface to generate soluble TβRIII (sTβRIII) which is capable of sequestering TGFβ. Methods and Results: Using both breast cancer and melanoma tumor models we have demonstrated that the loss of TβRIII expression is associated with diminished tumor infiltrating CD8 + T cells and increased regulatory T cells (Tregs) within the tumor microenvironment. Our data implies that these alterations correlate with suppressed tumor antigen-specific T cell responses and more rapid disease progression. We show that these changes are due to enhanced TGFβ signaling within the immune compartment of the tumor microenvironment resulting in enhanced expression of the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase immunoregulatory enzyme by local plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DCs) as well as increased expression of the Treg-recruiting CCL22 chemokine by local myeloid DCs. Microarray analysis indicates that these same gene expression associations also exist in human breast cancers. Consistent with these studies, we have demonstrated that TGF-β inhibition synergistically enhances the efficacy of a Her2/neu vaccine in a breast cancer model and that plasma levels of sTβRIII correlate with clinical response and overall survival in stage III melanoma patients. Conclusions: We have elucidated a novel mechanism that tumors utilize to suppress the generation of anti-tumor immunity by establishing a link between the loss of an endogenous suppressor of tumor metastasis, TβRIII, and the generation of an immunotolerant tumor microenvironment. We are pursuing a phase I clinical trial to investigate the efficacy of combining a TGF-β inhibitor with a tumor vaccine while also determining if sTβRIII may function as a predictive biomarker for this approach.
Thrombolysis for PE: less is more?
Authors: Luke S Howard
Journal: Thorax (2018)

Despite the significant advances in diagnostic imaging, risk stratification and anticoagulants over the past two decades in the field of PE, very little progress has been made in clarifying the role of thrombolysis in the treatment of submassive or intermediate-risk PE. Perhaps the simplest illustration of our uncertainty is that guideline committees struggle to come up with consistent recommendations. While the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Clinical Guideline 144 makes it clear that thrombolysis should not be administered to patients outside the context of haemodynamic instability,1 the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines leave open the possibility that we ‘consider’ reperfusion therapy in some patients with intermediate-high risk PE.2 While NICE guidance does not perhaps reflect the complexity of different presentations of PE, the ESC guidelines leave us with a great deal of uncertainty when making major clinical decisions.

Large randomised controlled trials have not been able to provide a clear answer; rather they leave us with further hypothesis-generating conclusions. The Pulmonary Embolism Thrombolysis (PEITHO) trial randomised over 1000 patients with ESC-defined intermediate-high risk PE (haemodynamically stable, right ventricular dysfunction on imaging and positive troponin) to placebo or tenecteplase.3 One would imagine that with a positive primary endpoint, this would have provided clear direction; however, it did not. This is because the primary endpoint was a composite of mortality and haemodynamic collapse at 7 days and, while relevant, this does not take account of the significant morbidity burden associated with bleeding in the tenecteplase arm. Restricting the outcome to mortality alone at 30 …
Abstract 49: Kawasaki Disease With Tsutsugamushi Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Min Seob Song
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background : Clinical and epidemiologic features suggest infectious agents as a possible cause of Kawasaki disease; however, the etiology of Kawasaki disease still remains unknown. A number of microorganisms were hypothesized as an etiology of the illness. This is the first reported case of Kawasaki disease with tsutsugamushi disease. Case presentation: We report the case of a 4-year-old boy who presented with fever of 7 days duration and skin rash and bilateral conjunctival injection. He had a history of visiting a rural area with his grandmother. On admission, he had fever of 39.4 °C. His heart rate was 90/minute and his blood pressure was 90/60 mmHg. His pharynx was slightly injected and there was red lip. His neck was swollen with cervical lymphadenitis. He had erythematous macular rash on her trunk. Examination of his skin revealed an eschar on penile base of right scrotum. His laboratory results showed WBC 4,720/mm 3 , 42% polymorphonuclear leucocytes, 39% lymphocytes, hemoglobin 10.3 gm/dL, platelet count 148,000/mm 3 , CRP 3.23mg/dl, pro-BNP 316.5 pg/ml. The respiratory viruses using a multiplex real-time-PCR kit (Adenovirus, Influenza A, Influenza B, Metapneumovirus, Rhino A virus, Respiratory syncytiai virus, Parainfluenza ) were all negative. Mycoplasma pneumonia IgM was negative. R.tsutsugamushi Ab was positive. Echocardiographic findings 1 day after admission was mild dilatation of LCA (RCA=1.8mm, LCA=3mm). He was treated on oral roxithromycin for presumptive diagnosis of tsutsugamushi disease along with clinical features of Kawasaki disease which resolved after therapy with intravenous immune globulin and aspirin. Over the next 48 hours, he became afebrile and his rash improved. He was placed on low-dose aspirin for 8 weeks. His echocardiogram were within normal limit (RCA= 1.9mm, LCA= 2.7mm) at 2 months after the onset of his illness. Conclusion: This case report suggests that Kawasaki disease can rarely occur concurrently or immediately after a rickettsial illness such as tsutsugamushi disease.
Myeloablative Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation for Severe Scleroderma
Authors: Keith M. Sullivan, Ellen A. Goldmuntz, Lynette Keyes-Elstein, Peter A. McSweeney, Ashley Pinckney, Beverly Welch, Maureen D. Mayes, Richard A. Nash, Leslie J. Crofford, Barry Eggleston, Sharon Castina, Linda M. Griffith, Julia S. Goldstein, Dennis Wallace, Oana Craciunescu, Dinesh Khanna, Rodney J. Folz, Jonathan Goldin, E. William St. Clair, James R. Seibold, Kristine Phillips, Shin Mineishi, Robert W. Simms, Karen Ballen, Mark H. Wener, George E. Georges, Shelly Heimfeld, Chitra Hosing, Stephen Forman, Suzanne Kafaja, Richard M. Silver, Leroy Griffing, Jan Storek, Sharon LeClercq, Richard Brasington, Mary E. Csuka, Christopher Bredeson, Carolyn Keever-Taylor, Robyn T. Domsic, M. Bashar Kahaleh, Thomas Medsger, Daniel E. Furst
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

Despite current therapies, diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) often has a devastating outcome. We compared myeloablative CD34+ selected autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation with immunosuppression by means of 12 monthly infusions of cyclophosphamide in patients with scleroderma.
Abstract 19133: Inhibition of ANGPTL3 by Evinacumab Reduced Triglycerides (TGs) and LDL-C in Subjects Presenting With Modest Elevations in TGs and/or LDL-C, Recapitulating the Hypolipidemic Effects of Loss-of-Function (LoF) Mutations of ANGPTL3
Authors: Richard Dunbar, Aurelie Bouzelmat, Daniel A Gipe, Robert Pordy, William Sasiela, Scott Mellis, Poulabi Banerjee
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Elevations in LDL-C and TGs have been linked to increased CHD risk. Angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) has a central role in lipid metabolism, and LoF mutations of ANGPTL3 in humans have b...
Abstract 20013: Perioperative Venous Thromboembolism occurs outside the operating room
Authors: Darin Rosen, Michael F O’Connor, Riley O’Hara, Christopher L Skelly, David Glick
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a recognized complication of surgery. However, it is unknown what the prevalence of preoperative subclinical VTE in the general population of surgical patients and how much this may contribute to clinically symptomatic VTE postoperatively.   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized that subclinical (asymptomatic) lower extremity (LE) VTE was associated with the development of clinically symptomatic VTE post-operatively. The main objective was to characterize the preoperative prevalence of LE VTEs and understand the time-frame and risk factors that contribute to symptomatic VTE development after surgery.   Methods:  230 patients (>18 years) scheduled for any surgical procedure at a tertiary referral hospital between February 2011 and May 2012 were enrolled in an IRB approved prospective observational study. Bilateral LE duplex ultrasound examinations (groin to ankle) were performed immediately prior to surgery and within 24 hours post-operative. Data were prospectively collected and analyzed out to 6 months to identify the development of VTE.   Results:  Subclinical VTEs were not detected preoperatively or 24 hours post-operative in any patient. 9/230 (3.9%) developed symptomatic VTE in the 30 day follow-up period and 12/230 (5.2%) within 6 months. VTE development correlated with ASA status (P = 0.048) and orthopedic procedures (P = 0.003). Five of the 42 orthopedic patients (11.9%) developed a VTE in 30 days. The 9 patients who experienced clinical VTE had a higher mean ASA score (mean = 2.89, SD = 0.60) than overall participants (mean = 2.47, SD = 0.60).   Conclusions:  No LE VTE was detected pre-operatively or in the 24 hour follow-up period. Although these results do not support our original hypothesis, they provide an important piece of the timeline for development of symptomatic VTE. The majority of the VTE events occurred within 30 days and were in orthopedic patients suggesting that no detectable VTE formed intraoperatively.
Association of Facial Exercise With the Appearance of Aging
Authors: Murad Alam, Anne J. Walter, Amelia Geisler, Wanjarus Roongpisuthipong, Gary Sikorski, Rebecca Tung, Emily Poon
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

complete remission and no adverse events were observed.However, 5 patients experienced grade 3 or 4 adverse events (1 patient had sepsis; 2, diabetes; 1, hypertension; and 2, endocrine disorders) between the initial cycle and the first rituximab maintenance infusion.At their last follow-up visit (median [range], 78 [42-147] months after the first cycle of rituximab), all 11 patients remained in complete remission, with 10 patients having discontinued rituximab maintenance therapy.Serum anti-desmoglein 1 and 3 antibody levels, which had been high before rituximab treatment, decreased markedly and remained below 14 U/mL during rituximab maintenance therapy (Table 2).Discussion | The results of this case series indicated that rituximab can be used as single maintenance therapy, without a systemic corticosteroid, with good efficacy and tolerance in patients having severe pemphigus requiring long-term therapy for prevention of relapse.This study supplements a previous one showing the efficacy of rituximab alone in the treatment of relapse to pemphigus initially controlled with a combination of rituximab and corticosteroid. 6We found that treatment with rituximab alone, even at a low dose, not only prevented relapse but also maintained complete remission with a better benefit to risk ratio than treatment with corticosteroids.The maintenance therapy was shown to be effective for preventing relapse despite shortcomings inherent in retrospective studies (eg, heterogeneity of patient pemphigus history and variable length of rituximab maintenance therapy), highlighting the feasibility of such an approach.A progressive decrease in serum anti-desmoglein autoantibody levels to less than 14 U/mL occurred in all cases along with clinical complete remission even after maintenance therapy cessation.Practical questions remain about the rituximab treatment regimen, including the optimal dose (500 mg or 1 g), frequency of administration (every 6 months or 1 year), and immunologic criteria enabling treatment withdrawal (negative direct immunofluorescence results or low serum autoantibody levels), and the cost-effectiveness of this maintenance therapy in patients with pemphigus.The criteria we used to discontinue rituximab maintenance therapy were persistent complete clinical remission and serum anti-desmoglein 1 and 3 autoantibody levels less than 14 U/mL for at least 1 year.Further prospective studies are warranted to identify patients for treatment with maintenance rituximab therapy and to optimize long-term management of difficult-to-treat pemphigus.
Children and young people with perinatal HIV in Europe: epidemiological situation in 2014 and implications for the future
Authors: Ali Judd, Intira Collins, Sara Lodi, Ashley Olson, Nikos Pantazis, Julia del Amo, Charlotte Duff, Anne-Francoise Gennotte, Dennis Kristensen, Bruno Ledergerber, David Nadal, Pablo Rojo Conejo, Caroline A Sabin, Yacine Saidi, Rikke Salbol Brandt, Monique Termote, Claire Thorne, Josiane Warszawski, Diana Gibb
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

Accurate ascertainment of the number of children living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is important to plan paediatric and adolescent health services. In Europe, the first generation of perinatally HIV-infected survivors are transferring to adult care and their health needs are unknown. We undertook an online survey of HIV cohort studies participating in the EuroCoord Network of Excellence to ascertain the number of perinatally HIV-infected (pHIV) patients included, to compare it with those published by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) and to assess the ability of countries to follow up pHIV patients after transfer to adult care. At the end of 2013, 16 countries in EuroCoord reported 8,229 pHIV patients in follow-up in cohorts, compared with 5,160 cumulative diagnoses reported by the ECDC in the same area. Follow-up of pHIV patients after transfer to adult care varied. It is likely that the number of diagnoses of perinatal HIV reported to ECDC is an underestimate, although this varies by country. Further work is needed to refine estimates and encourage follow-up in adult HIV cohorts to investigate long-term outcomes and improve the care of the next generation of children with HIV.
A Lesson in Balancing Education and Empathy
Authors: Stephanie Sophie Lee
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal