tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aspects of Multicomponent Integrated Care Promote Sustained Improvement in Surrogate Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Ling Lim, Eric S.H. Lau, Alice P.S. Kong, Melanie J. Davies, Naomi S. Levitt, Björn Eliasson, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Guang Ning, Yutaka Seino, Wing Yee So, Margaret McGill, Graham D. Ogle, Trevor J. Orchard, Philip Clarke, Rury R. Holman, Edward W. Gregg, Juan José Gagliardino, Juliana C.N. Chan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

OBJECTIVE The implementation of the Chronic Care Model (CCM) improves health care quality. We examined the sustained effectiveness of multicomponent integrated care in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We searched PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE (January 2000–August 2016) and identified randomized controlled trials comprising two or more quality improvement strategies from two or more domains (health system, health care providers, or patients) lasting ≥12 months with one or more clinical outcomes. Two reviewers extracted data and appraised the reporting quality. RESULTS In a meta-analysis of 181 trials (N = 135,112), random-effects modeling revealed pooled mean differences in HbA1c of −0.28% (95% CI −0.35 to −0.21) (−3.1 mmol/mol [−3.9 to −2.3]), in systolic blood pressure (SBP) of −2.3 mmHg (−3.1 to −1.4), in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of −1.1 mmHg (−1.5 to −0.6), and in LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of −0.14 mmol/L (−0.21 to −0.07), with greater effects in patients with LDL-C ≥3.4 mmol/L (−0.31 vs. −0.10 mmol/L for &amp;lt;3.4 mmol/L; Pdifference = 0.013), studies from Asia (HbA1c −0.51% vs. −0.23% for North America [−5.5 vs. −2.5 mmol/mol]; Pdifference = 0.046), and studies lasting &amp;gt;12 months (SBP −3.4 vs. −1.4 mmHg, Pdifference = 0.034; DBP −1.7 vs. −0.7 mmHg, Pdifference = 0.047; LDL-C −0.21 vs. −0.07 mmol/L for 12-month studies, Pdifference = 0.049). Patients with median age &amp;lt;60 years had greater HbA1c reduction (−0.35% vs. −0.18% for ≥60 years [−3.8 vs. −2.0 mmol/mol]; Pdifference = 0.029). Team change, patient education/self-management, and improved patient-provider communication had the largest effect sizes (0.28–0.36% [3.0–3.9 mmol/mol]). CONCLUSIONS Despite the small effect size of multicomponent integrated care (in part attenuated by good background care), team-based care with better information flow may improve patient-provider communication and self-management in patients who are young, with suboptimal control, and in low-resource settings.
Yellow fever in two unvaccinated French tourists to Brazil, January and March, 2018
Authors: Emma Oliosi, Chantal Serero Corcos, Paulo Feijo Barroso, Alexandre Bleibtreu, Gilda Grard, Bispo Ana Maria De Filippis, Eric Caumes
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2018)

We report two yellow fever cases in unvaccinated French travellers in Brazil in January and March 2018, respectively; one exposed during an excursion in Minas Gerais and the other in Ilha Grande. Both presented with fever, hepatitis, thrombocytopenia and leucopenia. Yellow fever diagnosis was based on RT-PCR and serological tests. Both patients recovered within a few days. The increasing occurrence of cases in unvaccinated travellers highlights the need to reinforce vaccination recommendation for travellers at-risk.
Assessment of a Noninvasive Exhaled Breath Test for the Diagnosis of Oesophagogastric Cancer
Authors: Sheraz R. Markar, Tom Wiggins, Stefan Antonowicz, Sung-Tong Chin, Andrea Romano, Konstantin Nikolic, Benjamin Evans, David Cunningham, Muntzer Mughal, Jesper Lagergren, George B. Hanna
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

Early esophagogastric cancer (OGC) stage presents with nonspecific symptoms.The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of a breath test for the diagnosis of OGC in a multicenter validation study.Patient recruitment for this diagnostic validation study was conducted at 3 London hospital sites, with breath samples returned to a central laboratory for selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) analysis. Based on a 1:1 cancer:control ratio, and maintaining a sensitivity and specificity of 80%, the sample size required was 325 patients. All patients with cancer were on a curative treatment pathway, and patients were recruited consecutively. Among the 335 patients included; 172 were in the control group and 163 had OGC.Breath samples were collected using secure 500-mL steel breath bags and analyzed by SIFT-MS. Quality assurance measures included sampling room air, training all researchers in breath sampling, regular instrument calibration, and unambiguous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) identification by gas chromatography mass spectrometry.The risk of cancer was identified based on a previously generated 5-VOCs model and compared with histopathology-proven diagnosis.Patients in the OGC group were older (median [IQR] age 68 [60-75] vs 55 [41-69] years) and had a greater proportion of men (134 [82.2%]) vs women (81 [47.4%]) compared with the control group. Of the 163 patients with OGC, 123 (69%) had tumor stage T3/4, and 106 (65%) had nodal metastasis on clinical staging. The predictive probabilities generated by this 5-VOCs diagnostic model were used to generate a receiver operator characteristic curve, with good diagnostic accuracy, area under the curve of 0.85. This translated to a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 81% for the diagnosis of OGC.This study shows the potential of breath analysis in noninvasive diagnosis of OGC in the clinical setting. The next step is to establish the diagnostic accuracy of the test among the intended population in primary care where the test will be applied.
Modulation of Gamma Band Activity and Late Positive Potential in Patients with Chronic Depression after Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
Authors: Anna Buchheim, Karin Labek, Svenja Taubner, Henrik Kessler, Dan Pokorny, Horst Kächele, Manfred Cierpka, Gerhard Roth, Oliver Pogarell, Susanne Karch
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2018)
Advances in the systemic treatment of melanoma brain metastases
Authors: I.C. Glitza Oliva, G. Schvartsman, H. Tawbi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)

Of the solid tumor types that metastasize to the brain, melanoma has the highest propensity to form brain metastases. In addition, much remains unknown regarding the pathophysiology involved in melanoma cell extravasation through the blood-brain barrier, which enables interactions with the microenvironment, and melanoma cell transcriptomic responses to brain-specific cues. However, recent developments in targeted therapy and immunotherapy have generated considerable optimism regarding the treatment of metastatic melanoma. Although robust efficacy data exist on systemic therapy treatment of extracranial melanoma, data in the setting of melanoma brain metastases (MBM) are limited, primarily because patients with MBM are typically excluded from clinical trials. However, several clinical trials focusing on patients with MBM are now complete, and more are underway. Clinical evaluation of serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf inhibition in combination with MEK inhibition for MBM produced intracranial response rates of close to 60%, suggesting that inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway has the potential to further improve MBM outcomes. For immunotherapy, there is now increasing evidence that checkpoint inhibitors may also be effective in MBM with a high rate of durable intracranial responses observed with combination therapy. Furthermore, radiotherapy-particularly MBM treatment with mainstay stereotactic radiosurgery-appears to be safe and effective when combined with systemic therapy. Finally, evolving magnetic resonance imaging capabilities have inspired new approaches to the measurement of tumor burden and treatment responses. This review evaluates current published evidence describing MBM as a multifaceted disease and presents an overview of currently available and investigational treatments for patients with MBM.
Abstract 17890: Regional Differences in Cardiac Biomarker Profile and Effect of Spironolactone in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction Enrolled in the TOPCAT Trial
Authors: Akshay Desai, Simon de Denus, Brian Claggett, Petr Jarolim, Inder S Anand, James C Fang, Gordon Moe, Bertram Pitt, Marc A Pfeffer, Jean L Rouleau, Scott D Solomon, Nancy K Sweitzer, Eileen O’Meara
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: In the TOPCAT trial (N=3445) of heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), marked regional differences were noted in the enrolled populations, event rates, and response to...
RTK-RAS pathway mutation is enriched in myeloid sarcoma
Authors: Mihong Choi, Yoon Kyung Jeon, Choong-Hyun Sun, Hong-Seok Yun, Junshik Hong, Dong-Yeop Shin, Inho Kim, Sung-Soo Yoon, Youngil Koh
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2018)
What Is New about New Antidepressants?
Authors: Steven L. Dubovsky
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2018)

Depressed patients and their physicians naturally expect that each new antidepressant that reaches the market will represent a conceptual and therapeutic advance over previous medications.We can determine how realistic this expectation may be if we review dispassionately the validity of the assumptions that underlie the development of new antidepressants and the data supporting their differential effectiveness.
Autism spectrum disorder: advances in diagnosis and evaluation
Authors: Lonnie Zwaigenbaum, Melanie Penner
Journal: BMJ (2018)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has a variety of causes, and its clinical expression is generally associated with substantial disability throughout the lifespan. Recent advances have led to earlier diagnosis, and deep phenotyping efforts focused on high risk infants have helped advance the characterization of early behavioral trajectories. Moreover, biomarkers that measure early structural and functional connectivity, visual orienting, and other biological processes have shown promise in detecting the risk of autism spectrum disorder even before the emergence of overt behavioral symptoms. Despite these advances, the mean age of diagnosis is still 4-5 years. Because of the broad consistency in published guidelines, parameters for high quality comprehensive assessments are available; however, such models are resource intensive and high demand can result in greatly increased waiting times. This review describes advances in detecting early behavioral and biological markers, current options and controversies in screening for the disorder, and best practice in its diagnostic evaluation including emerging data on innovative service models.
The prognostic significance of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma receiving hepatectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yunjiao Wang, Chuchu Peng, Zhigang Cheng, Ximei Wang, Lei Wu, Jingyi Li, Changsheng Huang, Qulian Guo, Hongwei Cai
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2018)
Additional Factors in Considering Patent Foramen Ovale Closure to Prevent Recurrent Ischemic Stroke—Reply
Authors: Hooman Kamel
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Bundled Payments Initiative Participation and Retention
Authors: Daver Kahvecioglu, Christine Ogbue, Rushi K. Talati
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Doxorubicin-conjugated pH-responsive gold nanorods for combined photothermal therapy and chemotherapy of cancer
Authors: Jin Chen, Xiao Li, Xinlian Zhao, QianQian Wu, Huihui Zhu, Zhengwei Mao, Changyou Gao
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2018)

Cancer chemotherapy can be hindered by drug resistance which leads to lower drug efficiency. Here, we have developed a drug delivery system that tethers doxorubicin to the surface of gold nanorods via a pH-sensitive linkage (AuNRs@DOX), for a combined photothermal and chemical therapy for cancer. First, AuNRs@DOX is ingested by HepG2 liver cancer cells. After endocytosis, the acidic pH triggers the release of doxorubicin, which leads to chemotherapeutic effects. The gold nanorods are not only carriers of DOX, but also photothermal conversion agents. In the presence of an 808 nm near-infrared laser, AuNRs@DOX significantly enhance the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin via the photothermal effect, which induces elevated apoptosis of hepG2 cancer cells, leading to better therapeutic effects in vitro and in vivo.
Quality and Safety in Health Care, Part XL
Authors: Jay A. Harolds
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

Abstract Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) are done for a variety of indications. Data from the CathPCI Registry is highly useful to evaluate the outcomes from performing a PCI procedure in unusual circumstances, such as in cases of chronic total coronary artery occlusion, cardiogenic shock after a myocardial infarction, syncopal patients, asymptomatic patients, and before surgery that is noncardiac. Registry information is also valuable in evaluating the efficacy of coronary stents. This article summarizes some of the information available on these subjects.
A Cross-Sectional Assessment of Rhinitis Symptoms and Nasal Patency in Relation to Welding Exposure
Authors: Mahsa Taghiakbari, Roberto Castano, Alfi Afadiyanti Parfi, Meshack Achore, Mariam El-Zein, Mounia Senhaji Rhazi, Denyse Gautrin, Eva Suarthana
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2018)
Treatment Algorithms for Systemic Sclerosis According to Experts
Authors: Andreu Fernández‐Codina, Kyle M. Walker, Janet E. Pope
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2018)

Objective There is a lack of agreement regarding treatment for many aspects of systemic sclerosis ( SS c). We undertook this study to generate SS c treatment algorithms endorsed by a high percentage of SS c experts. Methods Experts from the Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium and the Canadian Scleroderma Research group (n = 170) were asked whether they agreed with SS c algorithms from 2012. Two consensus rounds refined agreement; 62, 54, and 48 experts (36%, 32%, and 28%, respectively) completed the first, second, and third surveys, respectively. Results For treatment of scleroderma renal crisis, 81% of experts agreed (first‐, second‐, and third‐line treatments were angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors, then adding calcium‐channel blockers [ CCB s], then adding angiotensin receptor blockers [ ARB s], respectively). For pulmonary arterial hypertension ( PAH ), 81% of experts agreed (for mild PAH , treatments were phosphodiesterase 5 [ PDE 5] inhibitors, then endothelin receptor antagonists plus PDE 5 inhibitors, then prostanoids, respectively; for severe PAH , prostanoids were first‐line treatment). For mild Raynaud's phenomenon ( RP ), 79% of experts agreed (treatments were CCB s, then adding PDE 5 inhibitors, then ARB s or switching to another CCB , respectively; after the third line of treatment, mild RP was deemed severe). For severe RP , the first‐ through fourth‐line treatments were CCB s, then adding PDE 5 inhibitors or prostanoids, then adding PDE 5 inhibitors (if not added as second‐line treatment) or prostanoids (if not added as second‐line treatment), then switching to another CCB , respectively. For active treatment of digital ulcers, 66% of experts agreed (first‐ and second‐line treatments were CCB s and PDE 5 inhibitors, respectively). For interstitial lung disease, 69% of experts agreed (for induction therapy, treatments were mycophenolate mofetil [ MMF ], intravenous cyclophosphamide [ IV CYC ], and rituximab, respectively; for maintenance, first‐line treatment was MMF ). For skin involvement, 71% of experts agreed (for a modified Rodnan skin thickness score [ MRSS ] of 24, first‐ and second‐line treatments were methotrexate [ MTX ] and MMF , respectively; for an MRSS of 32, first‐ through fourth‐line treatments were MMF , MTX , IV CYC , and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, respectively). For inflammatory arthritis, 79% of experts agreed (first‐ through fourth‐line treatments were MTX , low‐dose glucocorticoids, hydroxychloroquine, and rituximab or tocilizumab, respectively). Algorithms for cardiac and gastrointestinal involvement had ≥75% agreement. Conclusion Total agreement for SS c algorithms was considerable. These algorithms may guide treatment.
Magnetoencephalography and Translational Neuroscience in Psychiatry
Authors: Peter J. Uhlhaas, Tineke Grent-'t-Jong, Joachim Gross
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Association of Cardiovascular Outcomes With Masked Hypertension Defined by Home Blood Pressure Monitoring in a Japanese General Practice Population
Authors: Takeshi Fujiwara, Yuichiro Yano, Satoshi Hoshide, Hiroshi Kanegae, Kazuomi Kario
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

The clinical outcomes associated with masked hypertension defined by home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) in clinical settings remain uncertain.To assess the association between masked hypertension and cardiovascular disease events in clinical settings.This observational cohort study used data from 4261 outpatients treated at 71 primary practices or university hospitals throughout Japan who were enrolled in the Japan Morning Surge-Home Blood Pressure study between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2012. Participants had a history of or risk factors for cardiovascular disease and were followed up through March 31, 2015. Participants underwent clinic blood pressure (BP) measurements on 2 occasions as well as HBPM measurements in the morning and evening for a 14-day period. Urine albumin to creatinine ratio and circulating brain (or B-type) natriuretic peptide levels were quantified at baseline as a marker of cardiovascular end-organ damage. Data were analyzed from July 1, 2017, to October 31, 2017.Participants were categorized into 4 BP groups: (1) masked hypertension-hypertensive home BP levels (systolic, ≥135 mm Hg; diastolic, ≥85 mm Hg) and nonhypertensive clinic BP levels (systolic, <140 mm Hg; diastolic, <90 mm Hg); (2) white-coat hypertension-nonhypertensive home BP levels (systolic, <135 mm Hg; diastolic, <85 mm Hg) and hypertensive clinic BP levels (systolic, ≥140 mm Hg; diastolic, ≥90 mm Hg); (3) sustained hypertension-hypertensive home and clinic BP levels; and (4) controlled BP-nonhypertensive home and clinic BP levels.Incident stroke and coronary heart disease.Of the 4261 participants, 2266 (53.2%) were women, 3374 (79.2%) were taking antihypertensive medication, and the mean (SD) age was 64.9 (10.9) years. During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 3.9 (2.4-4.6) years, 74 stroke (4.4 per 1000 person-years) and 77 coronary heart disease (4.6 per 1000 person-years) events occurred. The masked hypertension group had a greater risk for stroke compared with the controlled BP group (hazard ratio, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.20-6.37), independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, urine albumin to creatinine ratio, and circulating B-type natriuretic peptide levels. Conversely, masked hypertension yielded no association with coronary heart disease risk.In the Japanese general practice population, masked hypertension defined by HBPM may be associated with an increased risk for stroke events. Use of HBPM may improve the assessment of BP-related risks and identify new therapeutic interventions aimed at preventing cardiovascular disease events.