tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An anchor method for oral and maxillofacial tumor localization.
Authors: G. Ren, W. Guo, C. LI, W. Ye, W. Qiu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e16012 Background: Application of a simple, accurate positioning, tolerated non-toxicities of oral and maxillofacial tumor localization marker method for locate positioning by chemotherapy and / or monoclonal antibody targeted therapy in oral and maxillofacial carcinoma with advanced stage after the oral and maxillofacial tumors clinical stage downgrade accurate measurement, in order to create a method to evaluate efficacy of chemotherapy and (Provide a reference for the surgical resection) surgical cure rates. Methods: Since 2008, there were 200 cases of patients with advanced oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors into the hospital. Male 150 cases, female 50 cases, aged 30-83 years, mean aged 60.2 years old. All of them have been histology and imaging confirmed as locally advanced oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors. Karnofsky score> 70. All of their expected survival time was less than 6 months. We using localization positioning labeling marks the either of two end points of the maximum diameter of the tumor and the largest vertical diameter which crossed it’s maximum diameter. After integrated sequential treatment by the local anchor markers re-survey method to determine the scope of surgical resection of tumor location and so on. Results: 400 patients were marked by a local positioning method in the preoperative localization of local tumor marker before integrated sequential treatment, in the completion of chemotherapy before surgery or chemotherapy plus monoclonal antibody therapy, has been marked in accordance with the maximum tumor diameter and its vertical diameter of the largest re-measuring tumor size and the seat, the degree of tumor shrinkage calculated to determine the localization and tumor resection surgery. No severe adverse reaction applied method as above. Conclusions: The oral and maxillofacial tumor local anchor method is reliable and useful.
Gleason score and the risk of cause-specific and overall mortality following radiation with or without 6 months of androgen deprivation therapy for men with unfavorable-risk prostate cancer.
Authors: Laura Elizabeth Warren, Ming-Hui Chen, James William Denham, Allison Steigler, Andrew A. Renshaw, Marian J. Loffredo, Philip W. Kantoff, Anthony V. D'Amico
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

171 Background: We evaluated whether a differential impact of adding 6 months of androgen deprivation (ADT) to radiation therapy (RT) on all-cause, prostate cancer-specific, and other-cause mortality (ACM, PCSM, OCM) in men with unfavorable-risk PC exists within Gleason score (GS) subgroups. Methods: Individual patient data from 743 men with unfavorable-risk PC from two randomized ADT trials were utilized. Competing risks and Cox regression were used to determine whether adding 6 months of ADT to RT significantly impacted PCSM, OCM and ACM within GS subgroups. Results: Men with GS 9,10 versus ≤ 8 were significantly more likely to be over 75 (23.3% versus 12.7%;p = 0.03). At a median follow-up of 11.9 and 11.8 years in the 683 and 60 patients with GS ≤ 8 and GS 9,10, 315 (46.1%) and 44 had died (73.1%), respectively. ADT in men with GS ≤ 8 was associated with significantly decreased ACM (Adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52-0.82; p &lt; 0.001) and PCSM (0.43; 0.28-0.66; p &lt; 0.001) but was not associated with OCM (0.90; 0.68-1.17; p = 0.43). Among men with GS 9,10 PC, ADT significantly reduced PCSM (0.33; 0.11-0.99; p = 0.048) but not ACM (0.79; 0.38-1.61; p = 0.51) and increased OCM (2.16; 0.81-5.79; p = 0.12) resulting in opposite effects of ADT on OCM by GS subgroup (Table) such that the relative AHR of OCM in GS 9,10 versus ≤ 8 was nearly significantly increased (2.42; 0.87-6.71; p = 0.09). Conclusions: While ADT reduced PCSM for all men, survival was not prolonged in men with GS 9,10 due to ADT-driven increased OCM. This supports the hypothesis that older men with significant comorbidity may not experience prolonged survival when ADT is added to RT. [Table: see text]
Retrospective cohort study on the safety and efficacy of panitumumab for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: The HGCSG1002 study—Analysis of adverse events.
Authors: Masayoshi Dazai, Hiraku Fukushima, Yasushi Sato, Satoshi Yuki, Hiroyuki Ohnuma, Hiroyuki Okuda, Yasushi Tsuji, Yasuyuki Kawamoto, Kazuteru Hatanaka, Ichiro Iwanaga, Masahiko Koike, Takashi Kato, Michio Nakamura, Susumu Sogabe, Koshi Fujikawa, Ayumu Hosokawa, Hiroyuki Hisai, Miki Tateyama, Yuh Sakata, Yoshito Komatsu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

554 Background: Panitumumab (Pmab) is a fully human monoclonal antibody specific to the epidermal growth factor receptor. It has been associated with very few infusion reactions, but has been pointed out more severe skin toxicity, compared to cetuximab which is a chimeric antibody.To evaluate the safety of Pmab for patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in daily clinical practice in Japan, retrospectively. Methods: Two hundred pts with mCRC treated by Pmab contained chemotherapy were retrospectively registered from 20 centers in Japan (HGCSG1002 study). Adverse events were evaluated using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events(CTCAE) Version 4.0. Results: Of 195 pts were able to evaluate for adverse events. Patients’ characteristics were as follows; male/female 112/83, median age 64 (range 40-82), ECOG performance status (0/1/2-) 103/71/21. Treatment line (1st/2nd/more than 3rd): 17/26/152. Grade 3 or higher adverse events related to Pmab were hypomagnesemia (11.5%), rash acneiform (14.3%), paronychia (4.6%). Adverse events accounted for 7.3% of pts discontinuation, but there were no treatment-related deaths. Grade 3 or higher hypomagenesaemia and rash acneiform were observed more often in more than 3rd line treatment, compared to 1st or 2nd line treatment (1st or 2nd/3rd-, 1/ 17, p=0.128, 2/26, p= 0.05). Conclusions: Severe hypomagnesemia was observed more often in daily practice in Japan, compared with previous reports. Grade 3 or higher hypomagnesemia and rash acneiform were observed more often in more than 3rd line setting, compared with 1st or 2nd line settings.
Biochemical, pathologic, toxicity, and quality-of-life outcomes in a five-fraction hypofractionated accelerated radiotherapy treatment using standard linear accelerators and gold seed fiducials.
Authors: D. Andrew Loblaw, Patrick Cheung, Colin I Tang, Harvey Charles Quon, Geordi Pang, Gerard Morton, Alexandre Mamedov, Laura D'Alimonte, Andrea Deabreu, Romeo Tirona, Suneil Jain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

186 Background: Biological dose escalation through hypofractionated image-guided radiotherapy (H-IGRT) holds the promise of improved patient outcomes, system capacity but decreased cost. In 2006 we initiated a prospective trial of H-IGRT of patients with low risk localized prostate cancer. In this report, we report the toxicities, quality of life (QOL), biochemical and pathologic outcomes of this cohort with more mature follow-up. Methods: A phase I/II study in which patients with T1-2b, Gleason≤6, and PSA≤10 ng/ml prostate cancer received 35 Gy in 5 fractions, once a week over 29 days. No patients received hormone therapy. Treatment was delivered with intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) on standard linear accelerators, with daily image guidance using gold seed fiducials, and a 4 mm CTV-PTV margin. CTCAE v3.0 and RTOG late morbidity scores were used to assess acute and late toxicities, respectively. QOL was assessed by the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC). Biochemical control (BC) was defined by the Phoenix definition, adjusted for benign bounce. Results: As of September 2011, 83 patients have completed treatment with a median follow-up of 42 months (range 12–60 months). Median age was 67y (42 – 82y). 78 patients (92%) were T1a-c; all had Gleason 6 cancers; median PSA was 5.3 (0.8 – 9.9 ng/ml). 82 (99%) had BC; the remaining patient had a negative biopsy and a history of chronic prostatitis. The median PSA on last visit was 0.69 ng/ml (.02 – 2.6 ng/ml). Of 59 patients who have had a biopsy to date, 2 (3%) were positive but both are under BC. The following toxicities were observed: acute grade 3+: 0% GI, 1% GU, 0% fatigue; late grade 3+: 1% GI, 1% GU. Median transformed QOL scores at baseline (0.5 SD) and 36mo follow-up are: urinary – 95% (4.1), 93%; bowel – 96% (4.8), 96%; sexual – 65% (13.7), 51%; and hormonal – 95% (5.3), 95%. Conclusions: This novel technique employing standard linear accelerators to deliver an extreme hypofractionated schedule of radiotherapy is feasible, well tolerated and shows excellent pathologic and biochemical control. A randomized study versus standard fractionation should be performed.
Cd8+ T-Cells Specifically Cytotoxic to Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) Cells Can Be Isolated from Patients with Regressing Metastatic Kidney Cancer after Allogeneic Nonmyeloablative Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (NMHCT).
Authors: Yoshiyuki Takahashi, Othon Mena, Ramaprasad Srinivasan, Takehito Igarashi, Andreas Lundqvist, Dante Suffredini, J. Philip McCoy, Ken-ichi Hanada, Marston Linehan, Richard Childs
Journal: Blood (2004)
Pragmatic predictors of response to abiraterone in metastatic castrate resistant-prostate cancer.
Authors: Rhian Sian Davies, Jason Francis Lester, Christian Smith, Angela Claire Casbard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

286 Background: In patients with metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) there are several treatment options that have been shown to prolong survival. These treatments have not been directly compared in randomized clinical trials. In addition, the optimum sequencing of treatments for an individual patient has not yet been established. There is early evidence there are genetic predictors of response to enzalutamide and abiraterone, but these are likely to be some way off routine clinical application. There is a more urgent need for a practical method of identifying patients who are unlikely to respond to a particular treatment so that a more appropriate therapy can be used. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 47 consecutive patients with mCRPC treated in a single cancer centre was conducted. All patients were treated according to the following treatment sequence: (1) continuous LHRH analogues (LHRHa); (2) antiandrogen therapy and subsequent withdrawal; (3) docetaxel plus prednisolone; (4) abiraterone. Data were collected on patient and disease demographics, treatment received and response. Definitions of relapse and treatment response were as per the Cou-301 trial. Results: 47 patients were identified. Median age was 76 years (range 55-86). Only 1 patient had a Gleason score ≤ 6. Median duration of response to abiraterone in responders versus non-responders of each line of treatment was compared using the unpaired t-test. The results are displayed in Table. Conclusions: Time to progression on LHRHa, no response to bicalutamide and duration of biochemical response to docetaxel were strong predictors of a poor response to abiraterone. Further statistical analysis is planned, and these observations require prospective validation. [Table: see text]
First report of a prospective trial of proton therapy and concomittant capecitabine for patients with nonmetastatic unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Romaine Charles Nichols, Christopher G. Morris, Thomas J. George, Robert Anthony Zaiden, Elizabeth Johnson, Bestoun H. Ahmed, Meng Wei Ho, Soon N. Huh, Nancy P. Mendenhall, Bradford S. Hoppe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

326 Background: Review initial outcomes for patients enrolled on the University of Florida Proton Therapy Institute PC01 protocol for patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. Methods: The protocol received Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval in 7/2007. The first patient was enrolled in 4/2010. The accrual target was 66 patients to test if the Serious Adverse Event (SAE) ratecould be reduced from 15% (expected) to less than 5%. Protocol therapy consisted of proton therapy to a planning target volume (PTV) dose of 59.4 Cobalt Gray Equivalent (CGE) at 1.8CGE per fraction with concomitant oral Capecitabine (1000mg PO BID 5 days/week on radiation treatment days). Only gross disease was targeted. Results: 12 patients were enrolled. 1 patient died of a gunshot wound 5 days after starting treatment so only 11 patients are reported. Median follow up from start of treatment: 13 months (range 2 to 21 months). Median age: 68 (range 51 to 86) years. Gender: Males 5, Females 6. Race/Ethnicity: 9 White, 2 Hispanic. Overall survival: 90% at 6 months and 60% at 12 months. Freedom from progression: 80% at 6 months and 53% at one year. Local control: 100% at 6 months and 86% at 12 months. Freedom from metastasis: 80% at 6 months and 67% at 12 months.No patient experienced any grade 3 or greater toxicity during treatment or the follow up period. Grade 2 toxicity was limited to a single patient experiencing grade 2 fatigue. Median weight loss over the course of treatment was 1.7 (range: loss of 5.7 to gain of 4.9) Kg. 4 patients were deemed to have had an adequate radiographic response to radiotherapy so as to justify surgical exploration. Conclusions: Proton therapy to 59.4 CGE with concomitant Capecitabine was well tolerated with no grade 2 or greater gastrointestinal toxicities. 4 of 11 patients achieved a radiographic response allowing for attempted surgical resection. The study was closed to accrual on 9/1/2013 due to recognition that slow accrual made achievement of the primary study endpoint unlikely. At the same time, the lack of any meaningful gastrointestinal toxicity suggests significant opportunities for treatment intensification when proton therapy is used in this setting. Clinical trial information: NCT00685763.
Helicobacter pylori infection and laryngeal and esophageal cancer risk:Association studies via evidence-based meta- analyses
Authors: W. Zhuo, Y. Wang, X. Zhuo, X. Zhang, Z. Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

22224 Background: Infection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a major cause of various gastric diseases, has been reported to play a role in the process of tumorigenesis and progression of gastric carcinoma. Some studies have been devoted to the relationship between H. pylori infection and laryngeal and esophageal cancer and have yielded conflicting results. Whether infection of H. pylori is a risk factor for other cancers remains uncertain. In this study we aimed to evaluate the associations of H. pylori infection with laryngeal and esophageal cancer risk. Methods: The associated literature was acquired through deliberate searching and selected based on the established inclusion criteria for publications, then the extracted data were further analyzed using systematic meta-analyses. Results: Three case-control studies concerning laryngeal cancer were included. Laryngeal cancer risk for H. pylori infection was 2.03-fold (95% CI =1.28–3.23) (Z=3.00, P<0.01) compared with the controls. Eleven case-control studies concerning esophageal cancer were included. Esophageal cancer risk was 0.59-fold (95% CI =0.44–0.78) (Z=3.67, P<0.01) compared with the controls. Conclusions: The pooled data suggest infection of H. pylori as a possible risk factor for laryngeal cancer and inversely as a preventive factor for esophageal cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cervical cancer risk for 330,000 women undergoing concurrent HPV testing and cervical cytology in routine clinical practice.
Authors: H. A. Katki, W. K. Kinney, B. Fetterman, T. Lorey, N. E. Poitras, L. Cheung, F. Demuth, M. Schiffman, S. Wacholder, P. E. Castle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

1508 Background: Concurrent HPV testing and cervical cytology (co-testing) is an approved and promising alternative to cytology alone in women aged 30 and older. However, broad acceptance of co-testing is being hindered by a lack of evidence about its performance in routine clinical practice, especially the safety of three-year screening intervals for women testing HPV-negative with normal cytology (HPV–/Pap–). Methods: We estimated five-year cumulative incidence of cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3+) at Kaiser Permanente Northern California for 331,818 women enrolled in co-testing. Results: HPV– women had a low five-year cancer risk similar to women who were HPV–/Pap– (3.8 vs. 3.2 per 100,000 women per year, p=0.8) that was half the cancer risk of women who were Pap– (3.8 vs. 7.5 per 100,000 women per year, p=0.3). HPV testing alone more clearly separated women with high/low 5-year CIN3+ risk (HPV+: 7.6% vs. HPV–: 0.17%) than cytology alone (Pap+: 4.7% vs. Pap–: 0.36%). Abnormal cytology greatly increased CIN3+ risk over five years for HPV+ women (12% vs. 5.9%, p<0.001) but not for HPV- women (0.86% vs. 0.16%). However, 73% of HPV+ women had no cytologic abnormality, and they experienced 34% of the CIN3+, 29% of the cancers, and 63% of the adenocarcinomas. Conclusions: In routine clinical practice, a single HPV test was clearly superior to a single Pap smear for predicting who would develop CIN3+ or cancer within 5 years. Cytology strongly modified risks only for HPV+ women. HPV-based screening promoted earlier identification of the women at high risk of cervical cancer (especially adenocarcinoma), gave strong reassurance against cervical cancer over five years for HPV– women, and allowed safely extended 3-year screening intervals for HPV–/Pap– women that reduced the burden of screening on women and clinicians. These results demonstrate that HPV-based screening can be feasibly implemented in routine clinical practice.
Effect of a nurse practitioner (ARNP)–directed intervention on the quality of life of patients with metastatic cancer: Results of a randomized pilot study.
Authors: S. H. Dyar, M. Lesperance, R. P. Shannon, J. A. Sloan, G. Colon-Otero
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

9097 Background: It is rare for patients who are early in their clinical course of metastatic cancer to receive information about the benefits of hospice programs or about advanced directives. The anti-cancer efforts of the medical oncology teams caring for newly diagnosed metastatic cancer patients do not often include improving the patients’ quality of life (QOL)-related needs. There is still a paucity of prospective randomized studies evaluating these interventions. We sought to examine QOL outcomes in advanced cancer patients who received early discussion-based palliative care interventions, and compare these outcomes with a control population. Methods: Patients were randomized to standard care or an ARNP-directed intervention that included discussions of the benefits of hospice, discussions on advanced directives (Five Wishes document) along with an assessment of quality of life. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in overall QOL (via the FACT-G measure), utilizing a single t-test with 80% power to detect a moderate effect size. Results: From November 3, 2008 through July 28, 2009, 26 patients were accrued at the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida. The study closed early as a result of recently published data demonstrating the benefits of early palliative care interventions in the management of metastatic cancer patients. A statistically significant improvement from baseline in the FACT-G emotional domain was noted in the intervention group that was not seen in the control group (p=0.0106). Patients found it useful to have the living will and Five Wishes documents offered as part of the ARNP intervention. Conclusions: An early ARNP-directed intervention that explains the benefits of hospice and addresses advanced directives is well-received by metastatic cancer patients and their relatives, and leads to improvement in the patient’s emotional quality of life as assessed by the FACT-G tools. This represents a cost-effective approach that is integrated with the oncology team care and brings effective palliative care interventions early in the management of patients with metastatic cancers. Further studies are ongoing with a larger study cohort.
Use of ultrasound-guided thoracentesis to reduce iatrogenic risk of pneumothorax in patients with cancer.
Authors: L. Cavanna, P. Mordenti, R. di Cicilia, M. Ambroggi, L. Bidin, M. A. Palladino, C. Rodinò, R. Bertè, C. Biasini, C. di Nunzio, G. Civardi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e19582 Background: Thoracentesis is an essential procedure in an attempt to delineate the etiology of the fluid collection or to relieve symptoms in oncologic patients. One of the most common complication of thoracentesis is pneumothorax, which has been reported to occur in 2%-30% of thoracenteses, with 15%-50% of these patients requiring tube thoracostomy. Methods: To assess whether thoracenteses performed with ultrasound (US) guidance are associated with a lower rates of pneumothorax and tube thoracostomy than those performed without US guidance, we reviewed the medical records of 445 patients with cancer undergoing thoracentesis. Results: From January 2004 to January 2009, in 310 patients (69,60%) thoracentesis was performed with US guidance and 135 (30, 40%) without it. On post thoracentesis imaging performed in all cases, 15 pneumothoraces (3,40%) were found, 3 of them (0,67%) required tube thoracostomy. Pneumothorax accured in 4 of 310 procedure (1,3%) performed with US guidance and 11 of 135 procedure (8%) performed without it. Tube thoracostomy was performed in 3 patients; it must be emphazised that in all these 3 cases thoracentesis was performed without US guidance Conclusions: The routine use of US during thoracentesis drastically reduce rate of pneumothorax and tube thoracostomy in oncologic patients, as demostrated in our study.