tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of Deamidated Gliadin Peptides for Screening Celiac Disease Autoimmunity—Reply
Authors: Daniel Agardh, Edwin Liu, Eric W. Triplett
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Trainees reject subconsultant grade and post-CCT fellowships
Authors: Helen Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Junior doctors have rejected the idea of a subconsultant grade in the NHS and renounced the growth in fellowships for new holders of the certificate of completion of training (CCT).

At the BMA’s annual Junior Doctors Conference on 18 May, delegates voted to resist any job roles that allowed junior doctors to advance beyond the CCT without becoming fully fledged consultants or GPs.

Trainees at the conference agreed that subconsultant posts and post-CCT fellowships increased the …
Heat shock protein-90 toward theranostics: a breath of fresh air in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Philippe Bonniaud, Olivier Burgy, Carmen Garrido
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

Heat shock proteins (HSPs), also known as stress proteins, constitute a complex network of proteins highly conversed across species that have been classified into different families according to their molecular weight: HSP110, HSP90, HSP70, HSP60, HSP40 and the small HSPs [1]. Although they are mainly known for their chaperone and cytoprotective properties, HSPs also participate in the regulation of many cellular signalling processes [2]. These proteins have been involved in various physiological as well as pathological conditions, including respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sarcoidosis or pulmonary hypertension pathogenesis. HSPs have been extensively studied in the cancer field thanks to their regulatory role for several proteins involved in carcinogenesis. Stress proteins are often overexpressed in cancer cells, promoting phenotypic hallmarks of cancer such as cellular reprogramming, sustaining proliferative signalling, supporting replicative immortality, evading growth suppressor or resistance to cell death. Therefore, several studies have focused on the potential use of HSP inhibitors concomitantly with chemotherapy in cancer patients [3, 4]. In particular, HSP90 has emerged as an important target in cancer and besides 17- N -allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), the first inhibitor targeting HSP90 tested in a clinical trial in 1999, several inhibitors targeting HSP90 have been developed and are now being tested in humans [5]. Heat shock proteins are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis <http://ow.ly/fHVP30hJUOl>
Immortal Time Bias in Assessing Evidence-Based Care Processes for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Bacteremia—Reply
Authors: Michihiko Goto, Eli N. Perencevich, Michael E. Ohl
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Can investment in quality drive use? A cluster-randomised controlled study in rural Tanzania
Authors: Elysia Larson, Godfrey Mbaruku, Redempta Mbatia, Anna Gage, Sebastien Haneuse, Margaret Kruk
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2018)

BackgroundReduction in maternal and neonatal mortality requires women's use of high-quality facilities for childbirth. Evidence that quality influences women's selection of place of delivery suggests that an investment in quality may increase use of facilities for childbirth. We assessed the impact of a quality improvement project on facility use for childbirth among women in Tanzania.MethodsOf 24 government-managed primary care clinics in Pwani Region, Tanzania, we randomly selected 12 to receive an intervention consisting of: training, supportive supervision, infrastructure support, and peer outreach. The cluster was defined as the health clinic and the villages assigned to its catchment area by the ward. We collected household surveys of women living within the catchment area of each clinic with a birth in the past year at baseline (February–April 2012) and endline (January–April 2016). Women reported the location of birth for each of their deliveries, including the facility name. The primary outcome was report of facility use for childbirth for their most recent birth. The effect of the intervention was assessed using difference-in-difference analysis. We conducted an exploratory secondary analysis among women least likely to use the health system—ie, those whose prior delivery was a home birth. We investigated three pathways from the intervention to increased facility use: improved obstetric quality, improved antenatal care (ANC) quality, and improved links between the health system and the community.FindingsIn the intervention clusters, 999 (71·7%) of 1393 women gave birth in a facility at baseline and 1165 (85·3%) of 1365 did so at endline. The corresponding figures for the control clusters were 1146 (72·3%) of 1586 at baseline and 1411 (81·1%) of 1739 at endline. The intervention thus led to an increase in facility births of 6·7 percentage points (95% CI 0·6–12·8). The intervention was substantially more successful in increasing use among women least likely to utilise the health system, giving a 18·3 percentage point increase (95% CI 10·1–26·6). Among the hypothesised mechanisms, the most likely pathway of effect was through ANC: the intervention led to an increase in ANC quality, with providers performing an additional 0·8 (95% CI 0·21–1·34) actions among the low-use population and 0·5 actions among the full population (95% CI −0·01 to 1·01).InterpretationThe quality improvement intervention led to a modest increase in facility use for childbirth and a strong increase among women whose previous delivery was at home. Our analysis provides empirical evidence that investment in quality can increase health care use. In an environment of rising use, quality may be a mechanism for encouraging remaining non-system users to engage in the health system, playing a role in achieving universal health coverage.FundingUS National Institutes of Health 1R01AI093182.
Role of medical registrars must be re-evaluated, says Royal College of Physicians
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The role of medical registrars needs urgent re-evaluation to ensure that it is safe and manageable, the Royal College of Physicians has said.

Currently, medical registrars are heavily relied upon by hospital and community teams, but they are often concerned about their own ability to provide safe, high quality patient care, the college said. As a result, morale among medical registrars is low. Registrars are often perceived as the “workhorse” of the hospital, and junior doctors are being put off general medical specialties …
OUTCOMES AFTER TRANSCATHETER TRICUSPID VALVE-IN-VALVE THERAPY VERSUS RE-DO ISOLATED SURGICAL TVR IN PATIENTS WITH PREVIOUS TRICUSPID BIOPROSTHETIC VALVES
Authors: Norihiko Kamioka, Hope Caughron, Stamatios Lerakis, Altayyeb Yousef, Patrick Gleason, James Stewart, Chandan Devireddy, Bradley Leshnower, Robert A. Guyton, Peter Block, Vasilis Babaliaros
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Patient-derived Hormone-naive Prostate Cancer Xenograft Models Reveal Growth Factor Receptor Bound Protein 10 as an Androgen Receptor-repressed Gene Driving the Development of Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Jun Hao, Xinpei Ci, Hui Xue, Rebecca Wu, Xin Dong, Stephen Yiu Chuen Choi, Haiqing He, Yu Wang, Fang Zhang, Sifeng Qu, Fan Zhang, Anne M. Haegert, Peter W. Gout, Amina Zoubeidi, Colin Collins, Martin E. Gleave, Dong Lin, Yuzhuo Wang
Journal: European Urology (2018)

Although androgen deprivation therapy is initially effective in controlling growth of hormone-naive prostate cancers (HNPCs) in patients, currently incurable castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) inevitably develops.To identify CRPC driver genes that may provide new targets to enhance CRPC therapy.Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of HNPCs that develop CRPC following host castration were examined for changes in expression of genes at various time points after castration using transcriptome profiling analysis; particular attention was given to pre-CRPC changes in expression indicative of genes acting as potential CRPC drivers.The functionality of a potential CRPC driver was validated via its knockdown in cultured prostate cancer cells; its clinical relevance was established using data from prostate cancer patient databases.Eighty genes were found to be significantly upregulated at the CRPC stage, while seven of them also showed elevated expression prior to CRPC development. Among the latter, growth factor receptor bound protein 10 (GRB10) was the most significantly and consistently upregulated gene. Moreover, elevated GRB10 expression in clinical prostate cancer samples correlated with more aggressive tumor types and poorer patient treatment outcome. GRB10 knockdown markedly reduced prostate cancer cell proliferation and activity of AKT, a well-established CRPC mediator. A positive correlation between AKT activity and GRB10 expression was also found in clinical cohorts.GRB10 acts as a driver of CRPC and sensitizes androgen receptor pathway inhibitors, and hence GRB10 targeting provides a novel therapeutic strategy for the disease.Development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a major problem in the management of the disease. Using state-of-the-art patient-derived hormone-naive prostate cancer xenograft models, we found and validated the growth factor receptor bound protein 10 gene as a driver of CRPC, indicating that it may be used as a new molecular target to enhance current CRPC therapy.
RENAL OUTCOMES OF ADULT PATIENTS ON VENO-ARTERIAL EXTRA-CORPORAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATOR (VA-ECMO) BASED ON 2012 KIDNEY DISEASE IMPROVING GLOBAL OUTCOMES (KDIGO) STAGING OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY (AKI)
Authors: Savneek Chugh, Maureen Brogan, Wilbert Aronow, Venkata Buddharaju, Alan Gass, Rudrick Ledesma, Anna Koulova, Masashi Kai, Chul Ahn, David Spielvogel, Ramin Malekan, Joshua Goldberg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
<i>Airn</i> Regulates Igf2bp2 Translation in Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Mohammed Rabiul Hosen, Giuseppe Militello, Tyler Weirick, Yuliya Ponomareva, Sujith Dassanayaka, Joseph B. Moore, Claudia Döring, Marcin Wysoczynski, Steven P. Jones, Stefanie Dimmeler, Shizuka Uchida
Journal: Circulation Research (2018)

Increasing evidence indicates the presence of lncRNAs in various cell types. Airn is an imprinting gene transcribed from the paternal chromosome. It is in antisense orientation to the imprinted, but maternally derived, Igf2r gene, on which Airn exerts its regulation in cis. Although Airn is highly expressed in the heart, functions aside from imprinting remain unknown.Here, we studied the functions of Airn in the heart, especially cardiomyocytes.Silencing of Airn via siRNAs augmented cell death, vulnerability to cellular stress, and reduced cell migration. To find the cause of such phenotypes, the potential binding partners of Airn were identified via RNA pull-down followed by mass spectrometry, which indicated Igf2bp2 (insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2) and Rpa1 (replication protein A1) as potential binding partners. Further experiments showed that Airn binds to Igf2bp2 to control the translation of several genes. Moreover, silencing of Airn caused less binding of Igf2bp2 to other mRNAs and reduced translation of Igf2bp2 protein.Our study uncovers a new function of Airn and demonstrates that Airn is important for the physiology of cardiomyocytes.
PREVALENCE OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG YOUNG ADULTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Avinainder Singh, Bradley Collins, David Biery, Arman Qamar, Amber Fatima, Ankur Gupta, Ersilia Defilippis, Mattheus Ramsis, Daniel Pipilas, Khurram Nasir, Marcelo Di Carli, Deepak Bhatt, Ron Blankstein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Satisfaction with NHS hits new low
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Public satisfaction with the NHS fell by 6 percentage points last year to 57%, the lowest level since 2011, driven largely by concerns over staffing and funding. At the same time, dissatisfaction grew to 29%, up from 22% in 2016.

Satisfaction with GP services also slumped in 2017 to 65%, down from 72% in 2016, show findings from the British Social Attitudes survey.1 This is the lowest rating since the survey began in 1983 and the first time that general practice is not the …
Abstract 15570: Lifesaver App as Adjunct for CPR Teaching of School Children
Authors: Andrew Lockey, Ivor Kovic, Emma Skilton, Teresa Melody, Marija Vidacic, Joyce Yeung
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rates in the UK are dismal (30%). Lifesaver (www.life-saver.org.uk) is an innovative immersive interactive game that aims to increase the...
HIV Diagnoses Among Persons Aged 13–29 Years — United States, 2010–2014
Authors: M. Cheryl Bañez Ocfemia, Richard Dunville, Tianchi Zhang, Lisa C. Barrios, Alexandra M. Oster
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

In 2014, persons aged 13-29 years represented 23% of the U.S. population, yet accounted for 40% of diagnoses of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during the same year (1). During 2010-2014, the rates of diagnosis of HIV infection decreased among persons aged 15-19 years, were stable among persons aged 20-24 years, and increased among persons aged 25-29 years (1). However, these 5-year age groups encompass multiple developmental stages and potentially mask trends associated with the rapid psychosocial changes during adolescence through young adulthood. To better understand HIV infection among adolescents aged 13-17 years and young adults aged 18-29 years in the United States and identify ideal ages to target primary HIV prevention efforts, CDC analyzed data from the National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS)* using narrow age groups. During 2010-2014, rates of diagnosis of HIV infection per 100,000 population varied substantially among persons aged 13-15 years (0.7), 16-17 years (4.5), 18-19 years (16.5), and 20-21 years (28.6), and were higher, but less variable, among persons aged 22-23 years (34.0), 24-25 years (33.8), 26-27 years (31.3), and 28-29 years (28.7). In light of the remarkable increase in rates between ages 16-17, 18-19, and 20-21 years, and a recent study revealing that infection precedes diagnosis for young persons by an average of 2.7 years (2), these findings demonstrate the importance of targeting primary prevention efforts to persons aged <18 years and continuing through the period of elevated risk in their mid-twenties.
The Use of Immunosuppressive Therapy (IST) in Patients with the Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS): Clinical Outcomes and Their Predictors in a Large International Patient Cohort
Authors: Maximilian Stahl, Michelle Deveaux, T. M. M de Witte, Judith Neukirchen, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Andrew M. Brunner, Gail J. Roboz, David P. Steensma, Vijaya R. Bhatt, Uwe Platzbecker, Thomas Cluzeau, Pedro H Prata, Pierre Fenaux, Amir T. Fathi, Alex Smith, Ulrich Germing, Ellen K Ritchie, Vivek Verma, Nikolai A. Podoltsev, Leonor Arenillas, Thomas Prebet, Valeria Santini, Steven D. Gore, Rami S. Komrokji, Amer M. Zeidan
Journal: Blood (2017)
Causes of death among children aged 5–14 years in the WHO European Region: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Authors: Hmwe H Kyu, Claudia E Stein, Cynthia Boschi Pinto, Ivo Rakovac, Martin W Weber, Tina Dannemann Purnat, Joseph E Amuah, Scott D Glenn, Kelly Cercy, Stan Biryukov, Audra L Gold, Adrienne Chew, Meghan D Mooney, Kevin F O'Rourke, Amber Sligar, Christopher J L Murray, Ali H Mokdad, Mohsen Naghavi
Journal: The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (2018)

The mortality burden in children aged 5-14 years in the WHO European Region has not been comprehensively studied. We assessed the distribution and trends of the main causes of death among children aged 5-9 years and 10-14 years from 1990 to 2016, for 51 countries in the WHO European Region.
OVERALL AND SEX-SPECIFIC REFERENCE RANGES FOR HIGH-SENSITIVITY TROPONIN T GEN 5 STAT IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Robert Fitzgerald, Christopher deFilippi, Judd Hollander, W. Frank Peacock, Alexander T. Limkakeng, Nancy Breitenbeck, Joy Rivers, Blechschmidt Kareen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Operative skills in neurosurgery
Authors: Erlick Pereira
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The operative skills in neurosurgery course is run at the Royal College of Surgeons of England and is convened by Ian Sabin, consultant neurosurgeon at the Royal London Hospital and tutor in neurosurgery at the college’s Raven Department of Education. It has been established for a decade and was previously known as essential or core skills in neurosurgery. The aim of the course is to introduce basic operative neurosurgical techniques required by trainees entering neurosurgery.

The course is designed primarily for specialty trainees in years 1-3 and with membership of the Royal College of Surgeons who wish to gain thorough hands-on exposure to common cranial and spinal procedures in a mentored environment. A mixture of specialty trainees from years 1 to 4 attended, including some from overseas.

Although I had already had an opportunity to use powered drills and perform many of the procedures taught, I did the course to gain exposure to operative anatomy and neurosurgical techniques in a relaxed and mentored environment free from the time constraints …
68-Ga prostate-specific membrane antigen-PET as a diagnostic and clinical decision making tool in biochemical recurrences post-radical prostatectomy.
Authors: Janice Ser Huey Tan, Charles Xian-Yang Goh, Youquan Li, Jeffrey Tuan, Eu Tiong Chua, Terence Tan, Michael L. Wang, Lui Shiong Lee, Kae Jack Tay, Winnie Wing Chuen Lam, Melvin Chua
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

377 Background: In patients with biochemical relapse (BCR) following radical prostatectomy (RadP), risk stratification by clinical indices alone is suboptimal for identifying subgroups likely to benefit from salvage radiotherapy (RT). It is also recommended that combination hormonal therapy (HT)-RT improves rates of salvage and survival, hence the need for a clinical tool to better stratify patients for RT and HT-RT; the latter approach for patients at risk of occult metastases. Herein, we investigated the role of 68 Ga-Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-PET in the detection of regional and distal recurrences, and for clinical decision making in a prospective cohort of patients with BCR post-RadP. Methods: 68 Ga-PSMA-PET and CT were performed in a cohort of 50 RadP patients with BCR. Radiological interpretation was independently performed by two assessors, who were blinded to the patient identifiers. PSMA+ lesions were considered as true positives; negative-PSMA in the presence of continued PSA rise defined false negative. Impact on clinical decision making was reviewed by comparison of PSMA-PET and CT findings in the post-RadP PSA 0.5-2.0 ng/ml subgroup. Results: Overall detection rate for 68 Ga-PSMA/PET was 74% (37 of 50) in our cohort with a median post-RadP PSA level of 2.19 (IQR = 0.45-4.26). Detection rates were significantly increased at a PSA cut-off &gt; 1.0; 96% (25 of 26) at &gt; 2.0 and 100% (5 of 5) at 1.0-2.0 compared to 67% (4 of 6) at 0.5-1.0, and 23% (3 of 13) at &lt; 0.5 (P &lt; 0.001). In 0.5-2.0 PSA subgroup, 3 regional nodes and 11 distal (6 nodes, 4 bones, 1 lung) lesions were detected. This altered treatment in 5 of the 11 (46%) cases; 3 N+ cases would have been recommended for HT-RT and pelvic nodal RT, while RT would be omitted in 2 patients due to low volume systemic disease. Conclusions: Our findings support the existing data for PSMA-PET as a sensitive diagnostic tool for clinical recurrences post-RadP. Additionally, the detection of small volume nodal and distal lesions at post-RadP PSA levels of &lt; 2.0 ng/ml highlights the potential utility of PSMA-PET for selecting patients to treatment intensification with HT-RT or omission of RT in cases of distal relapse.
Sixth child dies from congenital syphilis in northern Australia
Authors: Bianca Nogrady
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Australia has recorded its sixth infant death from congenital syphilis, in a seven year long epidemic that has disproportionately impacted remote Aboriginal communities.

The outbreak began in January 2011 in northwest Queensland, and over the following two years spread across to the Northern Territory, then to Western Australia, and most recently to South Australia. It has also been accompanied by increasing rates of other sexually transmitted infections in young Aboriginal people in remote communities.

Cuts to sexual health services, particularly in Queensland in 2012 under then-premier Campbell Newman, have been blamed.

Basil Donovan, sexual health and public health physician and spokesperson from the Royal Australasian College of …