tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The impact of different loading sports and a jumping intervention on bone health in adolescent males: the PRO-BONE study
Authors: Dimitris Vlachopoulos
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

The present thesis was part of the PRO-BONE study (Effect of a program of short bouts of exercise on bone health in adolescents involved in different sports) and aimed to:

1.  Examine cross-sectional differences on bone mass, bone geometry, texture and bone metabolism in male adolescents involved in osteogenic (football) and non-osteogenic (swimming and cycling) sports compared with an active control group.

2.  Identify the determinants of bone mass and hip geometry.

3.  Investigate how 12 months of participation in osteogenic and non-osteogenic sports affect bone development.

4.  Examine the effectiveness of a novel 9-month jumping intervention programme to improve bone outcomes.



Adolescence is a crucial period for bone development and exercise can enhance bone acquisition. Sports can be considered as osteogenic, such as football, and as non-osteogenic, such as swimming and cycling. Despite football, swimming and cycling being among the most popular sports globally, there was lack of evidence comparing the effect of these sports on bone status and development in male adolescents. Jumping intervention can be effective to improve bone development in children.1 However, it is …
Prospective validation of prognostic scores to improve patient selection for immuno-oncology trials
Authors: C. Massard, N.H. Segal, D.C. Cho, V.A. Papadimitrakopoulou, N.A. Rizvi, B.C. Cho, L. Yu, H. Yang, H.-J. Hsieh, J. Zhang, W. Zhao, G. Gao, X. Guo, S. Abdullah, J. Englert, J.-C. Soria, M. Dar, L. Roskos, C. Ferte, S.J. Antonia
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
P3.CR-20 The Effect of Pembrolizumab In EGFR Mutated Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients With PD-L1 Overexpression: Two Cases Report
Authors: T. Uenami, M. Ishijima, M. Kanazu, H. Kurebe, R. Edahiro, K. Nishida, Y. Akazawa, Y. Yano, T. Yamaguchi, M. Mori
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)
Abstract 12265: Normalization of Renal AT1 Receptor Expression is Observed With Enalapril But Not Diltiazem in a Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Basma Ismail, Rob A deKemp, Etienne Croteau, Tayebeh Hadizad, Kevin Burns, Rob S Beanlands, Jean N DaSilva
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Use of ACE inhibitors (ACEi) improves outcomes in patients with proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is considered first line of treatment in recent guidelines. In addition to renin angiotensin (Ang) system blockers, other antihypertensive agents such as calcium channel blockers (CCBs) achieve similar therapeutic effectiveness in renoprotection. Our objective was to determine the impact of antihypertensive therapy on renal Ang type 1 receptor (AT 1 R) in 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy (Nx) rat model of CKD using PET imaging. Methods: Ten weeks after Nx, Sprague-Dawley rats (n=6-8/group) were administered 10mg/kg/d enalapril (NxE), 30 mg/kg/d diltiazem (NxD) or left untreated (Nx) for an additional ∼10 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), plasma creatinine, urine albumin, plasma and tissue Ang II were measured at the end. AT 1 R was assessed using in vivo [ 18 F]FPyKYNE-losartan PET and in vitro autoradiography. Heart function was evaluated with echocardiography. Results: Compared to shams, Nx rats exhibited higher SBP that was reduced by both enalapril and diltiazem (142.7±2, 188.8±17.3, 152±8.7 and 145.8±5.8 mm Hg in sham, Nx, NxE and NxD, respectively, p &lt;0.05). At ∼20 weeks, plasma creatinine and albuminuria were significantly increased in Nx rats, while no changes occurred in NxE rats compared to shams. By contrast, NxD rats demonstrated further increases in these parameters, compared to Nx alone ( p &lt;0.05). Plasma and kidney Ang II were raised in Nx rats, lowered by enalapril and increased significantly in NxD rats ( p &lt;0.05). PET kidney AT 1 R level decreased in Nx rats compared to shams and only enalapril treatment normalized AT 1 R expression (2.8±0.5, 2±0.3, 2.9±0.6, 1.9±0.5 ml/cm 3 in sham, Nx, NxE and NxD respectively, p &lt;0.05) and was confirmed by in vitro results. Enhanced echo LV mass in Nx rats was not reversed by enalapril but was further increased with diltiazem ( p &lt;0.001). Conclusions: In rats with CKD, delayed treatment with the ACEi enalapril normalized AT 1 R expression and reduced progression of the disease, whereas the CCB diltiazem exacerbated renal and cardiac dysfunctions. [ 18 F]FPyKYNE-Losartan PET allows longitudinal determination of AT 1 R abnormalities with progression of cardiorenal failure and monitoring of therapy.
Retraction: Kajstura J et al. Evidence for Human Lung Stem Cells. N Engl J Med 2011;364:1795-806.
Authors: Jeffrey M. Drazen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

We have been contacted by several authors of the article by Kajstura J et al., Evidence for Human Lung Stem Cells, N Engl J Med 2011;364:1795-1806.1 An investigation by Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital has determined that some of the images in the article were manipulated. The authors tell us that “a review of the original data affirms this conclusion and has led us to conclude that we no longer have faith in the veracity of these images. As we were not aware of this manipulation of the data until long after the paper had been published, . . .
Oestrogen replacement improves bone mineral density in oligo-amenorrhoeic athletes: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Kathryn E Ackerman, Vibha Singhal, Charumathi Baskaran, Meghan Slattery, Karen Joanie Campoverde Reyes, Alexander Toth, Kamryn T Eddy, Mary L Bouxsein, Hang Lee, Anne Klibanski, Madhusmita Misra
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

Objective Normal-weight oligo-amenorrhoeic athletes (OAA) are at risk for low bone mineral density (BMD). Data are lacking regarding the impact of oestrogen administration on bone outcomes in OAA. Our objective was to determine the effects of transdermal versus oral oestrogen administration on bone in OAA engaged in weight-bearing activity. Methods 121 patients with OAA aged 14–25 years were randomised to receive: (1) a 17β-estradiol transdermal patch continuously with cyclic oral micronised progesterone (PATCH), (2) a combined ethinyl estradiol and desogestrel pill (PILL) or (3) no oestrogen/progesterone (NONE). All participants received calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Areal BMD was assessed at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip and total body less head using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Intention-to-treat (ITT) and completers analyses were performed. Results Randomised groups did not differ for age, body mass index or BMD Z-scores at baseline. For ITT analysis, spine and femoral neck BMD Z-scores significantly increased in the PATCH versus PILL (p=0.011 and p=0.021, respectively) and NONE (p=0.021 and p=0.033, respectively) groups, and hip BMD Z-scores significantly increased in the PATCH versus PILL group (p=0.018). Similar findings were noted in completers analysis. Conclusion Transdermal estradiol over 12 months improves BMD in young OAA, particularly compared with an ethinyl estradiol-containing contraceptive pill/oral contraceptives. Trial registration number NCT00946192 ; Pre-results
Current Advances in Immunomodulatory Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
Authors: Jinkyu Lee, Hayeon Byun, Sajeesh Kumar Madhurakkat Perikamana, Sangmin Lee, Heungsoo Shin
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)

Abstract Biomaterials with suitable surface modification strategies are contributing significantly to the rapid development of the field of bone tissue engineering. Despite these encouraging results, utilization of biomaterials is poorly translated to human clinical trials potentially due to lack of knowledge about the interaction between biomaterials and the body defense mechanism, the “immune system”. The highly complex immune system involves the coordinated action of many immune cells that can produce various inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines. Besides, bone fracture healing initiates with acute inflammation and may later transform to a regenerative or degenerative phase mainly due to the cross‐talk between immune cells and other cells in the bone regeneration process. Among various immune cells, macrophages possess a significant role in the immune defense, where their polarization state plays a key role in the wound healing process. Growing evidence shows that the macrophage polarization state is highly sensitive to the biomaterial's physiochemical properties, and advances in biomaterial research now allow well controlled surface properties. This review provides an overview of biomaterial‐mediated modulation of the immune response for regulating key bone regeneration events, such as osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and inflammation, and it discusses how these strategies can be utilized for future bone tissue engineering applications.
Impacts of Climate Change on Indirect Human Exposure to Pathogens and Chemicals from Agriculture
Authors: Alistair B.A. Boxall, Anthony Hardy, Sabine Beulke, Tatiana Boucard, Laura Burgin, Peter D. Falloon, Philip M. Haygarth, Thomas Hutchinson, R. Sari Kovats, Giovanni Leonardi, Leonard S. Levy, Gordon Nichols, Simon A. Parsons, Laura Potts, David Stone, Edward Topp, David B. Turley, Kerry Walsh, Elizabeth M.H. Wellington, Richard J. Williams
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens and chemicals could therefore be very different from those of today. In this review, we assess the implications of climate change for changes in human exposures to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems in the United Kingdom and discuss the subsequent effects on health impacts.
Preventive Health in Cancer Survivors: What Should We Be Recommending?
Authors: Linda S. Overholser, Carlin Callaway
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2018)

Individuals with a history of cancer, often referred to as cancer survivors, may experience late and long-term effects of their treatment. Because these individuals live longer in the survivorship phase, some of these late effects may also be considered risk factors for other chronic conditions. With cancer and cardiovascular disease now the top 2 leading causes of death in the United States and with common risk factors for both, as well as the morbidity that can occur after cancer treatment, preventive health is becoming an important issue in cancer survivorship care. Multimorbidity is also becoming increasingly commonplace. Along with an ever-expanding number of guidelines available to help guide care and treatment in the noncancer population comes the need to consider where these guidelines overlap or intersect when considering preventive health recommendations specific to cancer survivors. Counseling for health promotion in survivors is lacking. Many currently available guidelines may not apply to this population, and an evidence base is building to help supplement clinical judgement. An interdisciplinary approach will be necessary to help implement preventive care decision-making early in the survivorship trajectory and to ensure that cancer survivors are receiving consistent messages, and patient preferences and priorities should be taken into account when doing so. Incorporating preventive health into collaborative survivorship care can help maintain a high quality of life for individuals living after a cancer diagnosis.
Impact of genetic polymorphisms on prognosis and survival of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: O. Novosad, I. Pastushenko, T. Skrypets, I. Tytorenko, T. Kadnikova, O. Skachkova, O. Gorbach, N. Svergun, N. Khranovska, I. Kriachok
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
A phase II study of nab-PTX in combination with RAM in patients with pre-treated AGC: results of final analysis
Authors: Atsuo Takashima, Hideaki Bando, Hideki Shimodaira, Kazumasa Fujitani, Kensei Yamaguchi, Norisuke Nakayama, Takehiro Takahashi, Eiji Oki, Mizutomo Azuma, Tomohiro Nishina, Shuichi Hironaka, Yoshito Komatsu, Kohei Shitara
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Mesenteric Panniculitis With Lupus Demonstrated on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Sophie Bourgeois, Anja Van den Eeckhaut, Frank De Geeter
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

Abstract We describe the 18 F-FDG PET/CT findings in a rare case of mesenteric panniculitis caused by systemic lupus. A previous CT had raised suspicion of a space-occupying lesion in the left hypochondrium in a context of aspecific constitutional symptoms and inflammatory parameters. The diagnosis of panniculitis was confirmed at laparoscopic biopsy directed by the PET findings. Follow-up 18 F-FDG PET/CT after 1 month of corticosteroid therapy showed complete disappearance of the abdominal hypermetabolic foci.
The extricable links between health, wealth, and profits
Authors: Gavin Yamey, Devi Sridhar, Kamran Abbasi
Journal: BMJ (2018)

We live in critical times for global health.Big gains made during the millennium development goals era, including a halving of child mortality from 1990 to 2015, 1 fuelled optimism about unabated-or even accelerated-progress.We hear talk of the end of AIDS, 2 universal health coverage by 2030, 3 and a pandemic-free world. 4But in the current political climate these outcomes are a distant dream.Our era is one of retrenchment and disinvestment in global health, throwing cold water on utopian rhetoric and threatening to reverse recent gains.
GW29-e0044 Diagonal Earlobe Crease as a Significant Marker for Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Fuqiang Liu, Shuang Shi, Ling Zhu, Yujie Xing, Jiang Lei, Botao Li, Gongchang Guan, Junkui Wang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Molecular alterations and matched treatment in older patients: Results from the MOSCATO 01 trial
Authors: P. Vuagnat, C. Baldini, L. Verlingue, P. Martin Romano, A. Varga, A. Hollebecque, S. Postel-Vinay, A. Gazzah, R. Bahleda, A. Marabelle, V. Ribrag, S. Champiat, J.-M. Michot, J.-C. Soria, C. Massard
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Abstract 11450: Comparison of Simplified (Single-beat) Estimates to Measured Right Ventricular End-Systolic Elastance and RV-Pulmonary Vascular Coupling in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Ryan J Tedford, Benjamin W Kelemen, Stephen C Mathai, Rachel Damico, Todd M Kolb, Emmanouil Tampakakis, Ami A Shah, Zsuzsanna H McMahan, Francesco Boin, Celia P Corona-Villalobos, Anita C Bacher, Paul M Hassoun, David A Kass
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Pressure-volume (PV) relationships derived from multiple beats enables calculation of relatively load-insensitive contractility indexes such as end-systolic elastance (Ees), integrate...
Comparative effect of body-mass index on outcome with targeted therapy and immunotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC)
Authors: N. Dizman, P. Bergerot, C.D. Bergerot, E.J. Philip, M.M. Salgia, J. Hsu, J. Adashek, S.K. Pal
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Can ZEB2 Be Used as a Molecular Marker for Risk Stratification of Patients With Colorectal Cancer?
Authors: Joceline V. Vu, Ana De Roo, Karin M. Hardiman
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2018)

Rahul Sreekumar, MD; Scott Harris, PhD; Karwan Moutasim, MD, PhD; Ricardo DeMateos, PhD; Ashish Patel, BM; Katherine Emo, BM; Sophie White, BM; Tamer Yagci, MD, PhD; Eugene Tulchinsky, PhD; Gareth Thomas, MD, PhD; John N. Primrose, MD; A. Emre Sayan, PhD; Alex H. Mirnezami, MD, PhD
Development of primary human NSCLC patient derived xenograft and organoids models as a precision approach to tumor treatment
Authors: O.J. Juan Vidal, C. Gandia, J.M. Pardo-Sánchez, M. Benet, S. Aparisi, S. Palanca, E. Ansotegui, C. Jordá, J.A. Cerón, N. Mancheño, M. Sánchez-Céspedes, A. Lahoz, J. Carretero, R. Farràs
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
OP0121 Enbrel® (etanercept) vs. methotrexate (mtx) in early rheumatoid arthritis (era trial): two-year follow-up
Authors: M Genovese, RW Martin, R Fleischmann, E Keystone, J Bathon, G Spencer-Green, B Finck
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> The first year of this 2-year study of patients with early erosive RA (mean disease duration 1 year) demonstrated that ENBREL 25 mg twice weekly gave a more rapid clinical response and was more effective in preventing erosions than high dose (median 20 mg/wk) oral MTX.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate safety, clinical improvement, and radiographic outcomes in patients receiving ENBREL or MTX for up to 2 years. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients enrolled in this 2-year study continued to receive the therapy to which they had been randomised in an open-label fashion after the study was unblinded (at a mean of 17.3 months). The 2-year endpoints were ACR responses (using last on-drug observation carried forward analyses) and change in Sharp score. Readers were blinded to treatment and chronological order of the x-rays. All 632 patients were included in the analyses. <h3>Results</h3> 154 of 207 patients (74%) who received ENBREL 25 mg completed 2 years of treatment, compared to 129 of 217 patients (59%) who received MTX. Twice as many patients (12%) discontinued MTX for adverse events as did those taking ENBREL. The ACR 20 response at 2 years was 72% in those randomised to ENBREL and 59% in those randomised to MTX (P = 0.005). Radiographic evaluations demonstrated that ENBREL 25 mg was superior to MTX in arresting radiographic progression over the 2-year period. Mean (median) changes in total Sharp score were 1.3 (0) and 3.2 (0.5) units in the ENBREL 25 mg and MTX groups, respectively (P = 0.001) and changes in erosion score were 0.7 (0) and 1.9 (0) units, respectively (P = 0.001). ENBREL 25 mg prevented radiographic progression in 63% of patients, compared to 51% of MTX patients who did not progress (P = 0.017). ENBREL 25 mg was also superior to the 10 mg dose in inhibiting radiographic progression. Significantly more ENBREL 25 mg patients than MTX patients had a clinically meaningful (at least 0.5 units) improvement from baseline in HAQ disability score. ENBREL continued to be well tolerated with over 2 years of exposure. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This 2-year study demonstrated that ENBREL was superior to MTX in reducing clinical signs and symptoms of RA and inhibiting radiographic progression. <h3>Reference</h3> Bathon JM, Martin RW, Fleischmann RM,<i> et al</i>. NEJM 2000;343:1586–93
Pregabalin and gabapentin become controlled drugs to cut deaths from misuse
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Pregabalin and gabapentin will be reclassified as class C controlled substances in the UK from next April to reduce the growing number of deaths associated with their misuse, the government has said.1

Victoria Atkins, parliamentary under secretary for crime, safeguarding, and vulnerability, said, “Any death related to the misuse of drugs is a tragedy. We accepted expert advice and will now change the law to help prevent misuse of pregabalin and …
Evaluation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 overexpression (HER2+) after administration of neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) and prognostic impact in breast cancer (BC)
Authors: D.H.R. Machado, F. Branco, F.F. Silva, S. André, M. Brito, M. Casanova, M. Nave, A. Moreira, J.L.C. Passos-Coelho
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Statins: Adverse reactions, oxidative stress and metabolic interactions
Authors: Aimei Liu, Qinghua Wu, Jingchao Guo, Irma Ares, José-Luis Rodríguez, María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga, Zonghui Yuan, Arturo Anadón, Xu Wang, María-Aránzazu Martínez
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2018)
Associations of Gestational Glucose Tolerance With Offspring Body Composition and Estimated Insulin Resistance in Early Adolescence
Authors: Véronique Gingras, Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, Ivonne P.M. Derks, Izzuddin M. Aris, Emily Oken, Marie-France Hivert
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

Although studies suggest that hyperglycemia during pregnancy is associated with offspring adiposity (1) and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (2), the latter outcome has been investigated in a small number of studies and in atypical populations. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and child’s adiposity is independent of parental weight status (1). We aimed to examine the associations of maternal gestational glucose tolerance with adiposity and estimated insulin resistance (IR) in early adolescence. We hypothesized that previously reported sex-specific associations of gestational glucose tolerance with mid-childhood adiposity would persist in early adolescence.

We studied participants from the Project Viva cohort (initial cohort N = 2,128 mother-child pairs; NCT02820402; www.hms.harvard.edu/viva/) (3). The study was approved by the institutional review board of Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, and participants provided written informed consent. We included in this analysis 880 mother-child pairs, without pregestational diabetes, with available exposure and covariates, and with at least one outcome in early adolescence.

We assessed gestational glucose tolerance using a nonfasting 50-g 1-h glucose challenge test (GCT) followed, if abnormal, by a 100-g 3-h oral …
Final results from a phase i clinical trial evaluating the safety, immunogenicity, and anti-tumor activity of SNS-301 in men with biochemically relapsed prostate cancer
Authors: L.T. Nordquist, H. Ghanbari, J.J. Elist, J.C. Oliver, W. Gannon, A. Shahlaee, S. Fuller, N. Shore
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
The multifaceted role of autophagy in cancer and the microenvironment
Authors: Hendrik Folkerts, Susan Hilgendorf, Edo Vellenga, Edwin Bremer, Valerie R. Wiersma
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2018)

Abstract Autophagy is a crucial recycling process that is increasingly being recognized as an important factor in cancer initiation, cancer (stem) cell maintenance as well as the development of resistance to cancer therapy in both solid and hematological malignancies. Furthermore, it is being recognized that autophagy also plays a crucial and sometimes opposing role in the complex cancer microenvironment. For instance, autophagy in stromal cells such as fibroblasts contributes to tumorigenesis by generating and supplying nutrients to cancerous cells. Reversely, autophagy in immune cells appears to contribute to tumor‐localized immune responses and among others regulates antigen presentation to and by immune cells. Autophagy also directly regulates T and natural killer cell activity and is required for mounting T‐cell memory responses. Thus, within the tumor microenvironment autophagy has a multifaceted role that, depending on the context, may help drive tumorigenesis or may help to support anticancer immune responses. This multifaceted role should be taken into account when designing autophagy‐based cancer therapeutics. In this review, we provide an overview of the diverse facets of autophagy in cancer cells and nonmalignant cells in the cancer microenvironment. Second, we will attempt to integrate and provide a unified view of how these various aspects can be therapeutically exploited for cancer therapy.