tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interim outcome analysis of a prospective phase I trial of surgical resection with intracavitary hyperthermic cisplatin and gemcitabine for patients with resectable malignant pleural mesothelioma.
Authors: William G. Richards, Marcelo C Dasilva, Hannah M. Eisen, Julianne C Barlow, Raphael Bueno, David Sugarbaker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

7588 Background: We completed a phase I trial of cisplatin and dose-escalated gemcitabine in a hyperthermic intra-operative lavage (IOHC) following extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP arm) or extended pleurectomy (PD arm). Primary and secondary endpoints including gemcitabine MTD (1000 mg/m2 with 175 mg/m2 cisplatin) and pharmacokinetics, toxicity and mortality were reported (IMIG congress, 9/11-14/2012, abstract IIB.4 [1]). To define phase II indications, we explored patient outcome in comparison to published phase II results of a similar trial using cisplatin IOHC alone following EPP (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009, 138:405 [2]). Methods: The protocol was registered and IRB approved. Informed consent was obtained. Overall survival was calculated from the date of surgery to the date of death or censored at the date of most recent contact. Patients who were treated on the EPP arm at 500 to 1000 mg/m2 gemcitabine dose levels were included, grouped by epithelial (E) or non-epithelial (NE) histological subtype. Median, 1-year and 2-year survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. Results: 141 patients were registered. Median age was 65 (43-85) and 22 (21%) were women. Histology was epithelial (63), biphasic (32), and sarcomatoid (8). Two patients died perioperatively (2%). 59 patients were treated on the EPP arm of which the 27 (13 censored) treated at 500 to 1000 mg/m2 gemcitabine were studied. Qualitative comparison with a prior phase II trial of cisplatin IOHC (ref [2]) suggests incremental survival benefit to adding gemcitabine for patients with epithelial but not non-epithelial tumor histology (Table). Conclusions: Patients with epithelial histology tumors who require EPP for macroscopic complete resection appear likely to benefit from the addition of gemcitabine and should be included in a phase II investigation of this combination. Patients with non-epithelial biopsy who require EPP should be considered for other treatment strategies. Clinical trial information: NCT00571298. [Table: see text]
Hearing Restoration: A Step Closer?
Authors: Jeff Lyon
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Head impact velocities in FIS World Cup snowboarders and freestyle skiers: Do real-life impacts exceed helmet testing standards?
Authors: Sophie E Steenstrup, Kam-Ming Mok, Andrew S McIntosh, Roald Bahr, Tron Krosshaug
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Prior to the 2013-2014 season, the International Ski Federation (FIS) increased the helmet testing speed from a minimum requirement of 5.4 to 6.8 m/s for alpine downhill, super-G and giant slalom and for freestyle ski cross, but not for the other freestyle disciplines or snowboarding. Whether this increased testing speed reflects impact velocities in real head injury situations on snow is unclear. We therefore investigated the injury mechanisms and gross head impact biomechanics in four real head injury situations among World Cup (WC) snowboard and freestyle athletes and compared these with helmet homologation laboratory test requirements. The helmets in the four cases complied with at least European Standards (EN) 1077 (Class B) or American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) F2040.We analysed four head injury videos from the FIS Injury Surveillance System throughout eight WC seasons (2006-2014) in detail. We used motion analysis software to digitize the helmet's trajectory and estimated the head's kinematics in two dimensions, including directly preimpact and postimpact.All four impacts were to the occiput. In the four cases, the normal-to-slope preimpact velocity ranged from 7.0(±SD 0.2) m/s to 10.5±0.5 m/s and the normal-to-slope velocity change ranged from 8.4±0.6 m/s to 11.7±0.7 m/s. The sagittal plane helmet angular velocity estimates indicated a large change in angular velocity (25.0±2.9 rad/s to 49.1±0.3 rad/s).The estimated normal-to-slope preimpact velocity was higher than the current strictest helmet testing rule of 6.8 m/s in all four cases.
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Cardiac Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Reveals a Continuous Network Linking Transverse-Tubules
Authors: Christian Pinali, Hayley Bennett, J. Bernard Davenport, Andrew W. Trafford, Ashraf Kitmitto
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

The organization of the transverse-tubular (t-t) system and relationship to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) underpins cardiac excitation-contraction coupling. The architecture of the SR, and relationship with the t-ts, is not well characterized at the whole-cell level. Furthermore, little is known regarding changes to SR ultrastructure in heart failure.The aim of this study was to unravel interspecies differences and commonalities between the relationship of SR and t-t networks within cardiac myocytes, as well as the modifications that occur in heart failure, using a novel high-resolution 3-dimensional (3D) imaging technique.Using serial block face imaging coupled with scanning electron microscopy and image analysis, we have generated 3D reconstructions of whole cardiomyocytes from sheep and rat left ventricle, revealing that the SR forms a continuous network linking t-ts throughout the cell in both species. In sheep, but not rat, the SR has an intimate relationship with the sarcolemma forming junctional domains. 3D reconstructions also reveal details of the sheep t-t system. Using a model of tachypacing-induced heart failure, we show that there are populations of swollen and collapsed t-ts, patches of SR tangling, and disorder with rearrangement of the mitochondria.We provide the first high-resolution 3D structure of the SR network showing that it forms a cell-wide communication pipeline facilitating Ca(2+) diffusion, buffering, and synchronicity. The distribution of the SR within the cell is related to interspecies differences in excitation-contraction coupling, and we report the first detailed analysis of SR remodeling as a result of heart failure.
A Randomized Trial of Vitamin D Supplementation on Vascular Function in CKD
Authors: Vivek Kumar, Ashok Kumar Yadav, Anupam Lal, Vinod Kumar, Manphool Singhal, Laurent Billot, Krishan Lal Gupta, Debasish Banerjee, Vivekanand Jha
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2017)

Vitamin D deficiency associates with mortality in patients with CKD, and vitamin D supplementation might mitigate cardiovascular disease risk in CKD. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we investigated the effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on vascular function in 120 patients of either sex, aged 18–70 years, with nondiabetic CKD stage 3–4 and vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≤20 ng/ml). We randomized patients using a 1:1 ratio to receive either two directly observed oral doses of cholecalciferol (300,000 IU) or matching placebo at baseline and 8 weeks. The primary outcome was change in endothelium-dependent brachial artery flow-mediated dilation at 16 weeks. Secondary outcome measures included changes in pulse wave velocity and circulating biomarkers. Cholecalciferol supplementation significantly increased endothelium-dependent brachial artery flow-mediated dilation at 16 weeks, whereas placebo did not (between-group difference in mean change: 5.49%; 95% confidence interval, 4.34% to 6.64%; P &lt;0.001). Intervention also led to significant favorable changes in pulse wave velocity and circulating IL-6 levels. Thus, in nondiabetic patients with stage 3–4 CKD and vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D supplementation may improve vascular function. This study is registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India (no.: CTRI/2013/05/003648).
Functional Significance of Enhanced ETV4 and Myeov Expression in Colorectal Neoplasia
Authors: G Lawlor, A Moss, D Tighe, D Murray, S Madden, AM Mulligan, A Henger, M Kretzler, C O'Keane, H Brady, P Doran, P MacMathuna
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Introduction: There is a need to understand colorectal cancer at a molecular level. Bioinformatic approaches have the advantage of generating novel disease gene lists; however, further efforts are needed to identify their functional significance.
Peer Review Practices for Evaluating Biomedical Research Grants: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Lucy Liaw, Jane E. Freedman, Lance B. Becker, Nehal N. Mehta, Laura Liscum
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

The biomedical research enterprise depends on the fair and objective peer review of research grants, leading to the distribution of resources through efficient and robust competitive methods. In the United States, federal funding agencies and foundations collectively distribute billions of dollars annually to support biomedical research. For the American Heart Association, a Peer Review Subcommittee is charged with establishing the highest standards for peer review. This scientific statement reviews the current literature on peer review practices, describes the current American Heart Association peer review process and those of other agencies, analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of American Heart Association peer review practices, and recommends best practices for the future.
Can a Diet That Mimics Fasting Turn Back the Clock?
Authors: Jennifer Abbasi
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunotherapy for colon cancer (multiple letters) [2]
Authors: E. Blot, O. Delastre, H. Levesque, A. J A Bremers, G. Parmiani, J. B. Vermorken, A. M E Claessen, H. Van Tinteren, M. G. Hanna, H. M. Pinedo, K. V. Lukacs, M. G. Davies
Journal: The Lancet (1999)
Reply to the letter to the editor ‘Specific QOL scales that reflect toxicity-induced impairment are needed in RCTs’
Authors: C.S.E.W. Schuurhuizen, A.M.J. Braamse, I.R.H.M. Konings, M.A.G. Sprangers, J.C.F. Ket, J. Dekker, H.M.W. Verheul
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> strain diversity underlying pediatric atopic dermatitis
Authors: Allyson L. Byrd, Clay Deming, Sara K. B. Cassidy, Oliver J. Harrison, Weng-Ian Ng, Sean Conlan, Yasmine Belkaid, Julia A. Segre, Heidi H. Kong
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2017)

Genomic and functional analyses of staphylococcal strain specificity reveal roles for microbes in human atopic dermatitis pathogenesis.
The Optimal Timing of Stage 2 Palliation for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors: James M. Meza, Edward J. Hickey, Eugene H. Blackstone, Robert D.B. Jaquiss, Brett R. Anderson, William G. Williams, Sally Cai, Glen S. Van Arsdell, Tara Karamlou, Brian W. McCrindle
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: In infants requiring 3-stage single-ventricle palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome, attrition after the Norwood procedure remains significant. The effect of the timing of stage 2 palliation (S2P), a physician-modifiable factor, on long-term survival is not well understood. We hypothesized that an optimal interval between the Norwood and S2P that both minimizes pre-S2P attrition and maximizes post-S2P survival exists and is associated with individual patient characteristics. Methods: The National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Pediatric Heart Network Single Ventricle Reconstruction Trial public data set was used. Transplant-free survival (TFS) was modeled from (1) Norwood to S2P and (2) S2P to 3 years by using parametric hazard analysis. Factors associated with death or heart transplantation were determined for each interval. To account for staged procedures, risk-adjusted, 3-year, post-Norwood TFS (the probability of TFS at 3 years given survival to S2P) was calculated using parametric conditional survival analysis. TFS from the Norwood to S2P was first predicted. TFS after S2P to 3 years was then predicted and adjusted for attrition before S2P by multiplying by the estimate of TFS to S2P. The optimal timing of S2P was determined by generating nomograms of risk-adjusted, 3-year, post-Norwood, TFS versus the interval from the Norwood to S2P. Results: Of 547 included patients, 399 survived to S2P (73%). Of the survivors to S2P, 349 (87%) survived to 3-year follow-up. The median interval from the Norwood to S2P was 5.1 (interquartile range, 4.1–6.0) months. The risk-adjusted, 3-year, TFS was 68±7%. A Norwood-S2P interval of 3 to 6 months was associated with greatest 3-year TFS overall and in patients with few risk factors. In patients with multiple risk factors, TFS was severely compromised, regardless of the timing of S2P and most severely when S2P was performed early. No difference in the optimal timing of S2P existed when stratified by shunt type. Conclusions: In infants with few risk factors, progressing to S2P at 3 to 6 months after the Norwood procedure was associated with maximal TFS. Early S2P did not rescue patients with greater risk factor burdens. Instead, referral for heart transplantation may offer their best chance at long-term survival. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00115934.
Neoadjuvant metformin along with systemic therapy increase pathological complete responses in breast cancer: Results of a cross-sectional study, Hospital Mexico, Costa Rica.
Authors: Alicia Van Der Laat, Denis Ulises Landaverde
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e12519 Background: Metformin has shown anti-proliferative effect in tumor cells. We evaluated the impact of metformin to achieve pathological complete response (PCR) in breast cancer patients when receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: From January 2007 to December 2015 we conducted a cross-sectional study in Mexico Hospital. 53 women with early or locally advanced breast cancer who received chemotherapy neoadjuvantly were included. We compared the PCR rate (Breast and axilla) in those patients taking metformin 500mg BID orally plus standard chemotherapy (based on anthracyclines, taxanes and trastuzumab according to HER2 status) versus standard chemotherapy alone. Mac SPSS statistic version 20.0 was used. Results: From the 53 women, 14 patients received metformin during chemotherapy, 39 patients underwent chemotherapy alone. Only 15% had diabetes documented. 92.45% had invasive ductal carcinoma (40% triple negative, 28% Luminal like, 32% Her2 positive). We found a statistically significant association between PCR and metformin, PCR was achieved in 64.3% in the metformin arm vs 23.1% in the chemotherapy alone arm, OR (IC95%) 6.0 (1.60-22.53) p = 0.008. This finding was confirmed in the multivariate analysis where the intrinsic subtypes were included showing that independently the breast cancer subtype the use of metformin increases the PCR likelihood OR (IC95%) 5.56 (1.27-24.3) p = 0.02. We observed a tendency to achieve a higher PCR rate when Ki67 was > 55% in triple negative tumors when metformin was added, OR 10 (IC del 95%:1,03-67,1) p = 0.053. The Ki67 cut-off was 55% with 86% sensibility and 57% specificity to predict PCR obtained by the highest AUC (0.755) in the ROC curve versus the breast cancer subtypes. Metformin was well tolerated; no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: This is the first study conducted in a Latin American population, showing the use of metformin in combination with chemotherapy could increase the PCR rate regardless the intrinsic molecular subtype, mainly when Ki67 is > 55%. These findings can support prospective studies to evaluate the role of metformin neoadjuvantly
Measles outbreak after 12 years without endemic transmission, Portugal, February to May 2017
Authors: Francisco George, João Valente, Gonçalo F Augusto, Andreia J Silva, Natália Pereira, Teresa Fernandes, Paula Palminha, Bárbara A Aguiar, António Martins, Estêvão Santos, Paula Valente, Etelvina Calé, Ana Leça, Paulo J Nogueira
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2017)

We report a measles outbreak in two Portuguese health regions (Algarve and Lisbon and the Tagus Valley) since February 2017, and which by 31 May resulted in 28 confirmed cases, of which 16 were unvaccinated. Thirteen cases were healthcare workers. One unvaccinated teenager died. Genotype B3 was identified in 14 cases from both regions. This outbreak occurs after 12 years without endemic measles transmission, and in a context of high measles vaccination coverage and immunity.
08.36 Profile of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) that are kept with optimised regimen of biological therapies (bt) for a longer term period
Authors: Julia Uceda Montañez, Raquel Hernández Sánchez, Jose L Marenco de la Fuente
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background and objetives</h3> RA is the most common chronic inflammatory arthropathy. About 30% of patients are treated with BT. The optimisation of BT doses in patients in clinical remission is a strategy used in clinical practice. Primary endpoint: analyse the characteristics of the patients with RA, in follow-up Rheumatology Unit Valme University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain, who remain for a longer period of time in optimisation of BT doses compared to patients in whom they are suspended regime. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Observational, descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study in a cohort of 32 patients with RA (ACR 1987), which performs treatment with reduced doses of BT. A description of the baseline characteristics of the patients. These were compared between the group that maintained optimised doses versus the group in which the optimisation regimen had been discontinued. <h3>Result</h3> 62.5% women, mean age at diagnosis: 42.6 years. The mean duration of RA at the start of TB was 98.63 months and the time to onset of BT reduction was 160.66 months. 75% was FR positive and 56.7% ACPA positive. 59.4% received etanercept, 21.9% adalimumab, 12.5% infliximab and 6.3% certolizumab. 11 patients discontinued dose reduction. The mean time with reduction of BT was 15.90 months. Men (83.3%) stay longer in reduced doses than women (55%). Patients with negative ACPA and negative RF remained longer with reduced doses (69.2% and 75% respectively). No differences were observed in DAS28, duration of disease until the first reduction and number of previous BT performed until the reduced biological. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The mean time in reduced doses to relapse in patients with end of reduction was 15.90 months. The drug with the longest time remaining patients with reduced dose in our sample was infliximab. According to the results of our study, male and patients with ACPA and negative FR, remain longer with reduced doses. No differences were found between the two groups when comparing DAS28 prior to reduction of BT, disease duration and number of previous BT used.
Ongoing clinical trials of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors for lung cancer in China
Authors: Si-Yang Liu, Yi-Long Wu
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2017)

Compared to chemotherapy, promising results have been obtained by blocking the PD-1 pathway using antibodies that inhibit programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1). Furthermore, global researchers and doctors are exploring how to optimize this immunotherapy in 270 clinical studies. However, Chinese clinical trials of these agents remain in the early stages. We summarize the ongoing international and domestic clinical trials using PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors to treat lung cancer. This information can help researchers better understand the active and approved clinical trials in China, as well as the ongoing research regarding PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors.
Primary tumor site (pTS) as a key factor in influencing differential outcome in resected colorectal cancer patients treated with adjuvant XELOX/FOLFOX6
Authors: Riccardo Giampieri, Andrea Lanese, Michela Del Prete, Luca Cantini, Elena Maccaroni, Alessandro Bittoni, Stefano Delprete, Miriam Caramanti, Chiara Pellei, Tania Meletani, Giuditta Baleani Maria, Marzia Di Pietro Paolo, Rossana Berardi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
A Large Adrenal Tumor With Marked <sup>18</sup>F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake
Authors: David Taïeb, Frédéric Sebag, Karel Pacak
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal