tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0768-HPR Phone follow-up program enhances treatment safety and drug concordance on disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDS) therapy for rheumatology patients
Authors: PF Lee, YS Cheung, CK Lam, MC Leung, CM Chan, WL Ng
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> DMARDs are beneficial for a number of rheumatic conditions. However, treatment effect may take a few weeks. On the other hand, patients may experience adverse effects (AEs) early on and they may not be able to follow complicated dosage titration regimen. In order to enhance treatment safety and empower self-management, rheumatic disease patients requiring initiation or change of DMARDs were recruited to a rheumatology nurse phone follow-up program. <h3>Objectives</h3> (1) To evaluate the service outcomes of Rheumatology Nurse Phone follow-up Program and (2) explore the factors that may influence treatment adherence <h3>Methods</h3> Upon initiation of DMARDs therapy at out-patient clinic or before hospital discharge, patients and/or their caregivers will be counseled for the new treatment plan and self-management knowledge by rheumatology nurse. A telephone follow-up by rheumatology nurse will be arranged within 4 weeks to monitor patients9 condition. Treatment responses, AEs, drug concordance of patients and advice given in each phone consultation (PC) were recorded. Retrospective case review was performed. <h3>Results</h3> There were 1230 episodes of PC performed by rheumatology nurse in 2015. 180 episodes of PC involved 76 patients (56 female) were randomly selected. The average number of PC was 2.4 times per case. The mean age of patient was 58 (24–85) years. Disease categories mainly involved rheumatoid arthritis (60.5%), systemic lupus erythematosus (7.9%), spondyloarthritis (5.3%) and gout (3.9%). The most common DMARDs prescribed were methotrexate (40.8%), hydroxychloroquine (27.6%), sulphasalazine (22.4%) and 39.5% of the study cases have received steroid courses. Among the 76 patients, 8 (10.5%) have taken wrong dosage and another 4 (5.3%) patients have not started therapy due to worries about potential AEs. Altogether 40 patients (52.6%) reported AEs after starting DMARDs. The most common AEs were rash, itchiness, dizziness, alopecia and oral ulcers. For non-adherence behaviour, 8 patients (10.5%) have self-stopped their medication and another 7 patients (9.2%) have self-adjusted the medication respectively. Eventually 90% of the cases were able to continue therapy with or without adjustment of regimes. Only 7 cases (9.2%) required interruption of current treatment or switching to other DMARDs due to AEs within the study period. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Rheumatology nurse phone follow-up program provided a timely and convenient platform to increase patient understanding of disease and treatment, improve their self-efficacy and enhance safety and concordance with DMARDs treatment. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Application of the distance-based F test in an mGWAS investigating β diversity of intestinal microbiota identifies variants in <i>SLC9A8</i> (NHE8) and 3 other loci
Authors: Malte C. Rühlemann, Frauke Degenhardt, Louise B. Thingholm, Jun Wang, Jurgita Skiecevičienė, Philipp Rausch, Johannes R. Hov, Wolfgang Lieb, Tom H. Karlsen, Matthias Laudes, John F. Baines, Femke-Anouska Heinsen, Andre Franke
Journal: Gut Microbes (2017)

Factors shaping the human intestinal microbiota range from environmental influences, like smoking and exercise, over dietary patterns and disease to the host's genetic variation. Recently, we could show in a microbiome genome-wide association study (mGWAS) targeting genetic variation influencing the β diversity of gut microbial communities, that approximately 10% of the overall gut microbiome variation can be explained by host genetics. Here, we report on the application of a new method for genotype-β-diversity association testing, the distance-based F (DBF) test. With this we identified 4 loci with genome-wide significant associations, harboring the genes CBEP4, SLC9A8, TNFSF4, and SP140, respectively. Our findings highlight the utility of the high-performance DBF test in β diversity GWAS and emphasize the important role of host genetics and immunity in shaping the human intestinal microbiota.
Targeting Anti–TGF-β Therapy to Fibrotic Kidneys with a Dual Specificity Antibody Approach
Authors: Steve McGaraughty, Rachel A. Davis-Taber, Chang Z. Zhu, Todd B. Cole, Arthur L. Nikkel, Meha Chhaya, Kelly J. Doyle, Lauren M. Olson, Gregory M. Preston, Christine M. Grinnell, Katherine M. Salte, Anthony M. Giamis, Yanping Luo, Victor Sun, Andrew D. Goodearl, Murali Gopalakrishnan, Susan E. Lacy
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2017)

Targeted delivery of a therapeutic agent to a site of pathology to ameliorate disease while limiting exposure at undesired tissues is an aspirational treatment scenario. Targeting diseased kidneys for pharmacologic treatment has had limited success. We designed an approach to target an extracellular matrix protein, the fibronectin extra domain A isoform (FnEDA), which is relatively restricted in distribution to sites of tissue injury. In a mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model of renal fibrosis, injury induced significant upregulation of FnEDA in the obstructed kidney. Using dual variable domain Ig (DVD-Ig) technology, we constructed a molecule with a moiety to target FnEDA and a second moiety to neutralize TGF- β . After systemic injection of the bispecific TGF- β + FnEDA DVD-Ig or an FnEDA mAb, chemiluminescent detection and imaging with whole-body single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) revealed significantly higher levels of each molecule in the obstructed kidney than in the nonobstructed kidney, the ipsilateral kidney of sham animals, and other tissues. In comparison, a systemically administered TGF- β mAb accumulated at lower concentrations in the obstructed kidney and exhibited a more diffuse whole-body distribution. Systemic administration of the bispecific DVD-Ig or the TGF- β mAb (1–10 mg/kg) but not the FnEDA mAb attenuated the injury-induced collagen deposition detected by immunohistochemistry and elevation in Col1a1, FnEDA, and TIMP1 mRNA expression in the obstructed kidney. Overall, systemic delivery of a bispecific molecule targeting an extracellular matrix protein and delivering a TGF- β mAb resulted in a relatively focal uptake in the fibrotic kidney and reduced renal fibrosis.
Trust me, I'm a wreck
Authors: D. Fitzmaurice
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Doctors at Large , an 11 part series on BBC2, looks at how a group of doctors have fared 14 years on from their acceptance at medical school. David Fitzmaurice says future medics should be forced to watch the series in one sitting

The public fascination with all things medical shows no signs of abating. This series combines medical drama with television's favourite format, the fly on the wall documentary. The subjects would cause Dr Finlay some considerable consternation, and the programme makers should resist the temptation to go into the doctor recruitment trade. Offspring who harbour ideals about becoming a doctor, however, should be forced to watch this series at one sitting.

It follows a group of people from interview at St Mary's through medical school and beyond. The first two programmes remind us of their interviews in 1994 and their undergraduate experience, while the third reflects on …
Superficial Spreading Type of Carcinoma of the Stomach
Authors: Arthur Purdy Stout
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1945)

Superficial Spreading Type of Carcinoma of the Stomach Arthur Purdy Stout Arthur Purdy Stout associate professor, attending surgical pathologist Surgical Pathology Laboratory, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University and Department of Surgery, Presbyterian Hospital, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 5, Issue 5, April 1945, Page 363, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/5.5.363 Published: 01 April 1945
Eleventh Oriental Congress of Cardiology
Authors: Junbo Ge
Journal: Circulation (2017)

On May 25 to 28, 2017, the 11th Oriental Congress of Cardiology (OCC) was held in Shanghai, China, welcoming >13 000 attendees from around the world.To disseminate emerging knowledge regarding cardiovascular diseases, the central theme of OCC has been "Open, Creative, Cooperative."This year's gathering provided an outstanding platform for physicians and scientists from both China and abroad to share novel insights into disease mechanism, diagnosis, and therapeutics.During the 3.5-day scientific program, dozens of internationally renowned experts, including Professors J. Hill, P. Libby, I. Komuro, Ch.Hamm, J. Camm, and D. Wood and many domestic experts, delivered lectures.As a highlight of our international collaborative efforts, >50 members of the Chinese American Heart Association were invited to discuss cutting-edge research and cardiology training experiences in the United States.In his opening speech, the president of the Chinese Society of Cardiology, Professor J. Ge, announced a new index, the China Cardiovascular Index, which analyzes the distribution of cardiovascular disease burden in China.This novel epidemiological instrument incorporates >50 variables of risk factor exposure, premature cardiovascular death, risk factor control (eg, hypertension, smoking), and air quality.The China Cardiovascular Index is likely to emerge as a valuable tool for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and clinical investigators.Going forward, the China Cardiovascular Index will track the impact of novel initiatives (eg, chest pain centers, smoking cessation efforts), hopefully contributing to the control of cardiovascular diseases in China.Productive discussions were facilitated in carefully organized fora.At the Interventional Cardiology forum, in addition to lectures on antiplatelet therapies, live cases were performed and broadcasted from several Shanghai hospitals.Complex coronary interventions, including chronic total occlusion and left main stenosis, were performed.Dr S. Walsh conducted a live-case right coronary artery-chronic total occlusion from Belfast, and a complex transcatheter aortic valve replacement case was broadcasted live from Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University.Another highlight of this year's OCC was the foundation of the Chinese College of Cardiology.The Committee of Health and Family Planning formulated a policy to build a National Cardiovascular Specialists Training Program."The college is in charge of this program and cardiologists' continuous education," noted the immediate past president of the Chinese Society of Cardiology, Professor Huo.Furthermore, as another way to advance cardiovascular research in China, the OCC has established a number of continuing education and training programs, including satellite meetings in rural counties and competition for the Oriental Rising Star award for early career professionals.
Minimal to no transfer of certolizumab pegol into breast milk: results from CRADLE, a prospective, postmarketing, multicentre, pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Megan EB Clowse, Frauke Förger, Caroline Hwang, John Thorp, Radboud JEM Dolhain, Astrid van Tubergen, Laura Shaughnessy, Jeff Simpson, Marie Teil, Nathalie Toublanc, Maggie Wang, Thomas W Hale
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

Background Women with chronic inflammatory diseases face uncertainty regarding the safety of biologics during breast feeding. CRADLE was the first industry-sponsored study to evaluate certolizumab pegol (CZP) concentrations in human breast milk and estimate average daily infant dose (ADID) of maternal CZP. Methods CRADLE ( NCT02154425 ) was a pharmacokinetic study of lactating mothers receiving CZP. After ≥3 CZP doses, breast milk samples were collected across one dosing period (14 days for 200 mg every 2 weeks [Q2W]; 28 days for 400 mg every 4 weeks [Q4W]). Optimal analytical methods were developed to determine CZP and polyethylene glycol (PEG) levels in breast milk. ADID and relative infant dose (RID) were estimated. Safety events in mothers and infants were assessed. Results 19 CZP-treated mothers were screened; 17 entered the sampling period: 16 on 200 mg Q2W, 1 on 400 mg Q4W. 77/137 (56%) breast milk samples had no measurable CZP. For 4/17 mothers, all samples were below the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ). Estimated ADID was 0–0.0104 mg/kg/day; median RID: 0.15%. PEG was undetectable in 134/137 samples (results could not be determined in three samples). Infants of CZP-exposed mothers had a safety profile consistent with that of unexposed similar-age infants. Conclusion When quantifiable, CZP concentrations were &lt;3× LLOQ (&lt;1% plasma concentration observed with therapeutic dose), indicating no/minimal CZP transfer from plasma to breast milk. RID was 0.15% of maternal dose; &lt;10% is considered unlikely to be of clinical concern. No PEG transfer was observed. CZP absorption by infants via breast milk is unlikely due to its low oral bioavailability and Fc-­free molecular structure. These findings are reassuring and support continuation of CZP treatment during breast feeding. Trial registration number NCT02154425; Results.
Carotid Artery Stenosis: Although Military Physicians Operate Less, They Achieve Better Outcomes
Authors: Arthur L. Kellermann
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
神経前駆細胞の直接誘導は一時的に部分的に再プログラムされた状態に合格【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Gao Rui, Xiu Wenchao, Zhang Linfeng, Zang Ruge, Yang Lei, Wang Chenfei, Wang Min, Wang Mingzhu, Yi Li, Tang Yuanyuan, Gao Yawei, Wang Hong, Xi Jiajie, Liu Wenqiang, Wang Yixuan, Wen Xuejun, Yu Yongchun, Zhang Yong, Chen Liang, Chen Jiayu, Gao Shaorong
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
Pregnant and nil by mouth
Authors: David Harvie, Brendan Murfin
Journal: BMJ (2017)

A 36 year old woman who was 29 weeks pregnant (gravida 5 para 4) presented with pain in her abdomen and right flank. She denied any dysuria or urinary frequency, but complained of several episodes of vomiting and had taken no oral fluids at home. She was afebrile.

She had an ultrasound scan of her abdomen, which showed cholelithiasis and a gallstone impacted in the gallbladder neck. She was started on intravenous antibiotics. External cardiotocography of the fetus was unremarkable.

She was still not tolerating anything orally, so intravenous fluids were initiated. Over the next few days of her admission, she required frequent reviews for an intermittent high respiratory rate. She was not hypoxic and remained haemodynamically stable during these reviews. A pulmonary embolus was excluded with a ventilation perfusion scan. On her fourth day of admission she was scheduled for a cholecystectomy. The night before she was due in theatre, an urgent review was required for an increased respiratory rate with normal saturations on room air and tachycardia. An arterial blood gas showed pH 7.14, pCO2 1.8 kPa, HCO3 9 mmol/L, pO2 17.9 kPa, K+4.2 mmol/L, Na 132 mmol/L, Cl− 105 mmol/L (normal range 98-106 mmol/L), lactate 0.4 mmol/L (0.5-1 mmol/L), and glucose 4.3 mmol/L …
30 Assessment and management of acute alcohol withdrawal – an audit
Authors: J Byrne, R Aziz, SJ Fitzgerald, C O’Leary, P O’Regan, C Donnellan
Journal: Gut (2017)

Background  40% of individuals will develop an acute withdrawal syndrome upon stopping or significantly curtailing alcohol intake. A detailed alcohol history can be a useful aid in indentifying those at risk and avoiding adverse consequences of withdrawal.  Aim  The aims of this audit were to quantify the proportion of acute admissions where an alcohol history is taken, assess the proportion of patients who were prescribed chlordiazepoxide and the doses used, assess the proportion of patients who were prescribed parenteral multivitamins, and the dose and duration of same.  Method  Consecutive case series of 49 patients admitted to STGH from January-December 2016 with HIPE coding of “alcohol dependence with acute withdrawal”. The Guys and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust Clinical Guidelines on the detection of alcohol misusers attending hospital were used as reference standard.  Results  In 82% (40/49 patients) a clear alcohol history was documented. For 62% of patients (30/49), the number of units of alcohol/week consumed was clearly documented. Median units/week was 50, with a range of 0-250. In 47% (23/49) of cases, a relevant neurological exam was documented in the admission note. Chlordiazepoxide was perscribed in 47% (23/49) of patients, with a median dose of 30 mg tds. Parenteral multivitamins were prescribed in 61% (30/49), for a median duration of 3 days.  Conclusions  There exists a significant discrepancy between those identified at risk of acute alcohol withdrawal, and those for whom appropriate treatment is prescribed. Reasons include embedded prescribing practices, time constraints in ED, and uncertainty around appropriate dosing of chlordiazepoxide and parenteral multivitamins.
Abstract 355: Exercise Prevents Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity via Targeting Microrna-669a-5p in Mice
Authors: Yihua Bei, Jiahong Xu, Tianzhao Xu, Ping Chen, Lin Che, Junjie Xiao
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity, usually associated with increased oxidative stress, myofibrillar deterioration, and impaired cardiac contractile function, is a serious complication of antitumor therapy which may not be detected for many years. Growing evidence indicates that the regulation of cardiac microRNA (miRNA, miR) in response to exercise is essentially involved in the protective effect of exercise in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, it is largely unknown whether and how exercise could prevent Dox-induced cardiotoxicity via regulating miRNA biology. In the current study, C57BL/6 mice were either subjected to a 3-week swimming program or remained sedentary. Mice were then treated with Dox (ip. 4 mg/kg/week for 4 weeks) to induce cardiotoxicity. Our data demonstrated that Dox resulted in marked reduction of cardiac ejection fraction (EF, %) and fractional shortening (FS, %) as measured by echocardiography. Interestingly, exercise significantly improved cardiac EF (%) and FS (%) in Dox-treated mice, indicating the protective effect of exercise in Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Then, we performed microarray analysis (Affymetrix 3.0) showing that miR-27a-5p, miR-34b-3p, miR-185-3p, miR-203-3p, miR-669a-5p, miR-872-3p, and let-7i-3p were significantly reduced, while miR-2137 was increased in the hearts of exercised Dox-treated mice versus sedentary Dox-treated mice (FC(abs)&gt;1.5, p&lt;0.05). Using qRT-PCR, we further verified that miR-669a-5p was reduced by exercise training in Dox-treated mice. These data reveal that miR-669a-5p might be a potential miRNA mimicking the benefit of exercise in Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Further study is needed to clarify the functional effect of miR-669a-5p and to identify its downstream target gene that contributes to the prevention and treatment of Dox-induced cardiotoxicity.
George Alberti: A Myriad of Contributions to Diabetes and Beyond
Authors: Philip Home
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

K. George M.M. Alberti 



Medawar and Pyke, in Hitler’s Gift (1), record the movement out of Germany in the 1930s of world-class academic talent from within the Jewish diaspora. But among the Jewish migrants was one too young yet to show such talent, indeed a mere toddler, escaping with mother and brother as the door closed in 1939. Kurt George Matthew Mayer Alberti was born in September of 1937. His father William Peter (after the family’s names were duly anglicized) was a printer, and his mother Edith Elizabeth was a research physicist before marriage. Mayer-Alberti-Strasse can still in found in Koblenz, but the young George Alberti settled with his family in Gateshead, U.K.; U.K. citizenship was granted to all in November 1946.

The northeast of England was clearly a hit with the young Alberti—he returned later in life from the south of England to be professor of Clinical Biochemistry and subsequently professor of Medicine in Newcastle (see below). But as a lad he crossed the River Tyne to Newcastle’s Royal Grammar School, an institution with a strong record for forwarding its pupils to England’s top universities; George went on to Balliol College Oxford. Balliol is perhaps better known as a cradle of high-flying politicians and civil servants, and this may have confirmed George Alberti’s (partly correct) view of his own personality as “laid back, iconoclastic, irreverent” in an interview for The BMJ in 2016 (2). More Cambridge than Oxford in fact.



Young George. Left: George and older brother (Peter) with grandparents (Willi and Hedwig Lachmann) in Koblenz, Germany, prior to the family’s move to England. Middle: George as a schoolboy, circa 1947. Right: George and his mother, Edith, circa 1962 



Medical students at Oxford usually studied Animal Physiology as an intercalated Bachelor of Arts degree, and it was not unusual …