tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of chemotherapy within last two weeks of life: Patterns of care.
Authors: Sachdev P. Thomas, Michele A. Rice, Timmy-Tai A Ho, Bridgette Heard, Jamie Harper, Paul A. S. Fishkin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e17590 Background: The discontinuation of chemotherapy within the last two weeks of life is a vital Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI) assessment measure. In the last two weeks of life, continuation of chemotherapy may contribute to death rates as much as 20%. An aggressive approach to therapy may not be related to improved patient outcomes. We assess patterns in patient deaths and chemotherapy treatment at the end of life in the metastatic setting. Methods: Charts were collected and reviewed retrospectively between October 2009 and December 2012 from one, large QOPI certified, oncology/hematology group; that sees over 3500 new cancer patients per year at 14 locations along central Illinois. The receipt of chemotherapy within two weeks before patient expiration was identified from past billing charges. Results: A total of 5,560 patients died during the three year period. 154 (2.8%) patients received chemotherapy within two weeks of their expiration; median age was 67 years (range 42-89). By line of treatment, 48% of patients who received chemotherapy within the last two weeks of life were in their first line of therapy, with 44% of those patients having received only the first cycle. Only 14% of patients had received &gt;3 lines of chemotherapy. By diagnosis, lung cancer had the highest number of patients treated in the last two weeks of life (29%). Conclusions: It is expected that deaths within two weeks of chemotherapy occur in heavily treated patients who are receiving multiple cycles of salvage chemotherapy regimens. At our center, we found that many of these patients died just after initiation of first line therapy. Moreover, patient death rates were observed to be much lower than what has been reported in other studies. This provides insight into the patterns of cancer care near the end of life. Better tools are needed to identify which patients are at higher risk of early death following initiation of chemotherapy when disease is diagnosed at an advanced stage.
Coenzyme A Contained in mothers' Milk Is Associated with the Potential to Induce Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Takehiro Higashi, Naoki Shimojo, Shuichi Suzuki, Mayuko Nakaya, Rie Takagi, Kumiko Hashimoto, Junichi Tsukada, Koichiro Nakamura, Kazuyuki Nakagome, Yoichi Kohno, Sho Matsushita
Journal: Blood (2011)
Monocytopenia Is Universally Present in Adults with Hemophagocytic Syndrome/Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), Responds to Treatment, and Can be Used As a Sensitive Additional Diagnostic Criterion and As a Prognostic Marker
Authors: Said Yousuf Mohamed, Muhamad Hitham Almahayni, Wahiba Chebbo, Ahmed Shad, Abdul Mannan, Osama Abdelwahid, Maamoun AlSermani, Feras Alfraih, Shaheen Marwan, Majed Halim, Nasir Bakshi, Hazaa Alzahrany
Journal: Blood (2016)
Prevalence and associated factors of anxiety and depression in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancer.
Authors: Hye Sook Han, Jung Hwa Chung, Jihyun Kwon, Ki Hyeong Lee, Seung Taik Kim, Gawon Ju, Ok-Jun Lee, Jin Yong Lee, Jieun Yun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20718 Background: Anxiety and depression are the most prevalent psychological symptoms in cancer patients; however, there are few studies on psychological distress in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anxiety and depression in Korean patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancer. Methods: One hundred and twenty consecutive patients with newly diagnosed, metastatic gastrointestinal cancer who were scheduled to receive palliative chemotherapy from July 2012 to June 2014 were enrolled in this prospective study. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: HADS revealed the prevalence of anxiety and depression to be 9.2% and 26.7%, respectively. Thirty-one patients (25.8%) met the diagnostic criteria for major depressive syndrome according to PHQ-9. Overall, 37 patients (30.8%) were diagnosed with anxiety or depression according to HADS or PHQ-9. Multivariate analysis identified lower performance status (odds ratio [OR], 4.19; 95% CI, 1.22 to 14.35; P = 0.016), gastric cancer (OR, 5.69; 95% CI, 0.37 to 78.23; P = 0.018), and knowledge of cancer diagnosis (OR, 14.41; 95% CI, 1.81 to 114.66; P = 0.012) as significantly associated with anxiety or depression in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancer. There were no significant differences in terms of age, sex, marital status, educational level, employment status, or monthly income. Twenty-four patients that received therapy in the psycho-oncologic clinic showed greater improvements in the HADS-A (P = 0.032) and PHQ-9 scores (P = 0.005) than patients who received no psychologic therapy. Conclusions: This study showed that approximately 30% of the patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancer suffer from psychological distress. Physicians should pay attention to the psychologic status of patients diagnosed with metastatic gastrointestinal cancer, particularly those with poor performance status, gastric cancer, and knowledge of cancer diagnosis.
HIV and syphilis infection among men who have sex with men - Bangkok, Thailand, 2005-2011
Authors: Jintanat Ananworanich, Anupong Chitwarakorn, Wipas Wimonsate, Anchalee Varangrat, Supaporn Chaikummao, Anuwat Sriporn, Jaray Tongtoyai, Philip Mock, Wichuda Sukwicha, Wannee Chonwattana, Pikunchai Luechai, Marcel Curlin, Janet Mcnicholl, Timothy Holtz, Frits van Griensven
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2013)
CYP2D6 genotype related to tamoxifen efficacy: An analysis with exclusion of potential false CYP2D6 genotype assignment caused by loss of heterozygosity in tumor tissue.
Authors: Vincent O. Dezentje, Ron H.N. van Schaik, Judith M. Vletter - Bogaartz, Tahar van der Straaten, Judith A.M. Wessels, Elma Meershoek – Klein Kranenbarg, Els M. J. J. Berns, Caroline Seynaeve, Hein Putter, Cornelis J. H. Van De Velde, J. W. R. Nortier, Hans Gelderblom, Henk-jan Guchelaar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

597 Background: The clinical importance of CYP2D6 genotype as predictor of tamoxifen efficacy is still unclear. Recent genotyping studies on CYP2D6 using DNA derived from tumor blocks have been criticized because loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in tumors may lead to false genotype assignment. Methods: Postmenopausal early breast cancer patients who were randomized to receive tamoxifen, followed by exemestane in the Tamoxifen Exemestane Adjuvant Multinational trial (TEAM) were genotyped for 5 CYP2D6 variant alleles. CYP2D6 genotypes and phenotypes were related to disease free survival during tamoxifen use (DFS-t) in 731 patients. By analyzing three microsatellites flanking the CYP2D6 gene, patients whose genotyping results were potentially affected by LOH were excluded. Results: Analysis of the CYP2D6 alleles and the microsatellite markers demonstrated heterozygosity for at least one of the CYP2D6 alleles or microsatellite markers in 97.7% of patients with a specified CYP2D6 phenotype. The 14 patients (2.3%) with a homozygous CYP2D6 genotype in which no heterozygosity could be demonstrated for the microsatellite markers were excluded from the analysis. No association was found between the CYP2D6 genotype or predicted phenotype and DFS-t. Conclusions: In postmenopausal early breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant tamoxifen followed by exemestane neither CYP2D6 genotype nor phenotype was associated with DFS-t. This is in accordance with two recent studies in the BIG1-98 and ATAC trials. Our study is the first CYP2D6 association study using DNA from paraffin embedded tumor tissue in which potentially false interpretation of genotyping results because of LOH was excluded.
Health care-associated infections (HAIs) in head and neck carcinoma (HNC) patients treated with chemotherapy (CT) and/or radiotherapy (RT).
Authors: Aurora Mirabile, Chiara Vismara, Paolo Bossi, Laura D. Locati, Cristiana Bergamini, Roberta Granata, Carlo Resteghini, Daniele Morelli, Paolo Scarpellini, Lisa F. Licitra
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

6046 Background: HAIs are dangerous complications of HNC treatment. In lack of data we collected own data in a high volume HNCMOU, comparing them with those observed in other departments. Methods: HAIs recorded retrospectively among 2,288 hospital admissions at our HNCMOU observed from 2005 to 2009 were compared with 427 recent (2010-2012) hospital admissions. In the same period HAIs observed in ENT Surgical, Medical Oncology (MO) and Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) dept were recorded. Results: Between 2005 and 2009, 140 HAIs were observed in the HNCMOU: 49% Gram-, 35% Gram+, 16% fungi; 88% of P. Aeruginosa and all Enterobacteriaceae were sensible to meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam, methicillin-resistant S. aurei (MRSA) were 42% (Table). In the last 3 years infections and resistances rates increased with a similar pattern of bacteria: among 212 HAIs (43% Gram-, 32% Gram+, 24% fungi) the majority (39%) involved respiratory tract, 89% of P. aeruginosa and 92% of Enterobacteriacae were sensible to carbapenem and 89% and 51% were sensible to piperacillin/tazobactam. MRSA were 29%. We compared these data with HAIs occurred from 2005 to 2012 into other dept: most of HAIs in ENT Surgical dept were at surgical site (41%) due to Gram+ (45%), in BMT were sepsis (56%) due to Gram+ (51%) and in MO were urinary tract infections (39%) due to Gram – (70%). Conclusions: Gram- continue to represent the first cause of HAIs in HNC cancer patients treated with CT and/or RT, suggesting a peculiar pattern. This is paralleled by a rise in carbapenem resistance, while MRSA still represent a significant fraction. [Table: see text]
VARIABILITY IN TRANSFEMORAL ACCESS FOR CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY AND INTERVENTIONS: RESULTS FROM AN INTERNATIONAL SURVEY
Authors: Daniel Nelson, Abdulla Damluji, Mauro Moscucci, Sunil Rao, Marco Valgimigli, Stephan Windecker, Robert Byrne, Fernando Cohen, Tejas Patel, Emmanouil Brilakis, Subhash Banerjee, Warren Cantor, Carlos Alfonso, Mauricio Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Margaret McCartney: Punishing individuals won’t prevent errors
Authors: Margaret McCartney
Journal: BMJ (2017)

After Warren Beatty and Faye Dunaway announced that La La Land rather than Moonlight had won the Oscar for best film, the two accountants from PricewaterhouseCoopers responsible for the results were told that they would never work at the awards again.

An error about Moonlight felt particularly pertinent to me. At the beginning of my career I was called in the middle of the night to flush a malfunctioning cannula. In those days the only member of staff qualified to deal with this …
Novel colon cancer tumor suppressor gene, β-defensin 1, to predict recurrence in patients with stage II and III colon cancer.
Authors: Melissa Janae Labonte, Pierre Oliver Bohanes, Dongyun Yang, Fotios Loupakis, Peter M.D. Wilson, Armin Gerger, Yan Ning, Takeru Wakatsuki, Wu Zhang, Leonor Benhaim, Robert D. Ladner, Anthony B. El-Khoueiry, Rita El-Khoueiry, Syma Iqbal, Heinz-Josef Lenz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

3622 Background: Human β-defensin 1 (hBD-1) encoded by the DEFB1 gene is an antimicrobial peptide involved in the innate immune response and is expressed in epithelial cells, including the colon. hBD-1 has been shown to have tumor suppressor functions in urothelial cancer models. We tested whether 4 germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DEFB1 could predict time to tumor recurrence (TTR) in stage II and III colon cancer (CC) patients. We then sought to demonstrate if hBD-1 has tumor suppressor functions in CC models. Methods: A total of 234 patients, 105 stage II and 129 stage III, treated with 5-FU-based chemotherapy at the University of Southern California were included. The median follow-up time was 4.4 yrs. SNPs were analyzed from whole blood samples using direct DNA-sequencing. To gain insight into hBD-1’s function, hBD-1 expression in CC cell lines was determined by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. hBD-1 expression was induced ectopically and CC cells and viability, membrane permeability, cell-cycle and apoptosis analyzed. Results: Stage III patients with rs1800972 DEFB1 -44G containing genotypes had longer TTR than patients with C/C genotype (11.3 mo vs 2.7 mo; p=.008). In contrast in stage II, patients with rs1799946 DEFB1 -52A containing genotypes, had significantly longer TTR than patients with G/G genotype (16.8 mo vs 5.9 mo; p=.017). In the multivariate analysis, both DEFB1 -44C/G and DEFB1 -52G/A SNPs remained significant, respectively in stage III (HR=.419; 95%CI .201-.87; p=.020) and in stage II (HR=.360; 95%CI .152-.853; p=.020). Haplotype of all four SNPs was significantly associated with stage-specific TTR (to be presented at the meeting). In CC cell line models, there was a loss of hBD-1 expression, and induction of hBD-1 expression resulted in a loss of cell viability, membrane permeability and the induction of apoptosis. Conclusions: The results demonstrate for the first time evidence of hBD-1’s potential influence on the microenvironment and its role as a tumor suppressor in CC. Further studies need to be conducted to better understand the role of hBD-1 in CC development and progression and evaluate the potential utility of hBD-1 as a therapeutic strategy.
SMALL DENSE LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN PARTICLE NUMBER RELATES TO CORONARY PLAQUE BURDEN INDEPENDENT OF TRADITIONAL CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN PSORIASIS
Authors: Balaji Natarajan, Abhishek Chaturvedi, Amit Dey, Jonathan Chung, Joshua Rivers, Anshuma Rana, Justin Rodante, Heather Teague, Joanna Silverman, Gregory Sanda, Alexander Sorokin, Yvonne Baumer, Charlotte Harrington, Joseph Lerman, Aditya Joshi, Martin Playford, Nehal Mehta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
An open-label, randomized, multicenter, phase III study of S-1 and cisplatin versus docetaxel and cisplatin in patients with untreated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.
Authors: Jianxing He, Yuankai Shi, Jianhua Chang, Mengzhao Wang, Baohui Han, Xiaoqing Liu, Gongyan Chen, Caicun Zhou, Jiwei Liu, Hongming Pan, Cheng Huang, Shucai Zhang, Jifeng Feng, Xiaoyan Lin, Jie Wang, Jianjin Huang, Fang Li, Shukui Qin, Zhehai Wang, Liwei Wang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

8039 Background: Platinum-based doublet chemotherapy is the standard chemotherapy regimen for treatment-naïve advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine, combined with carboplatin or cisplatin (CDDP) has shown no less efficacy than standard platinum doublet chemotherapy in Japanese NSCLC patients. However, the effectiveness in Chinese NSCLC patients is uncertain. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of these chemotherapy regimens in Chinese NSCLC patients. Methods: In this study, we recruited patients aged 18-70 years with stage IIIB, IV or recurrence, histologically or cytologically confirmed NSCLC, ECOG performance status of 0-1, have at least one measurable lesion, and adequate organ function. Patients were randomized in 1:1 ratio to receive either S-1 (80–120 mg/day, PO, BID, days 1 to 21) with 60 mg/m2 CDDP on day 8 every 5 weeks (SP) or docetaxel and CDDP (both 75 mg/m2) on day 1 every 3 weeks (DP), for up to 6 cycles. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) and all CT scans were extramurally reviewed by Independent Review Committee (IRC). Non-inferiority study design was employed as upper confidence interval (CI) limit for hazard ratio (HR) < 1.33. Results: Between March 2011 and November 2012, 246 patients from 21 institutions in China were randomly assigned and received SP or DP treatment (124 vs 122) with 18-month follow-up period from the last patient randomized. In the SP and DP group, median PFS was 5.9 and 5.7 months (HR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.96) respectively, median overall survival was 19.1 and 14.8 months, respectively (HR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.14). The most common grade 3 or worse adverse events in both treatment groups were neutropenia 3.3% vs 55.1%, leukopenia 1.7% vs 39.0%, and febrile neutropenia 0.8% vs 5.9%, of 121 patients in the SP group and of 118 patients in the DP group, respectively. Conclusions: The efficacy of SP was non-inferior to DP. Well-tolerated safety could be provided by SP regimen. SP would be a new first-line chemotherapy regimen for Chinese patients with advanced NSCLC. Clinical trial information: Japic CTI-111479.
ULTRASOUND INCREASES MYOCARDIAL BLOOD FLOW IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA WITHOUT REDUCING INFARCT SIZE
Authors: Brian Mott, Dai-Trang Le, Igor V. Dykan, Azzdine Ammi, Yan Zhao, Jessica Minnier, Matthew Nugent, Sanjiv Kaul
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Eosinophilia, Frequent Exacerbations, and Steroid Response in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Peter M. A. Calverley, Kay Tetzlaff, Claus Vogelmeier, Leonardo M. Fabbri, Helgo Magnussen, Emiel F. M. Wouters, William Mezzanotte, Bernd Disse, Helen Finnigan, Guus Asijee, Christoph Hallmann, Henrik Watz
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2017)
TIMING AND CLINICAL PREDICTORS OF EARLY VERSUS LATE READMISSION AMONG PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED FOR ACUTE HEART FAILURE: INSIGHTS FROM ASCEND-HF
Authors: Marat Fudim, Andrew Ambrosy, Allison Dunning, Randall Starling, Justin Ezekowitz, Paul Armstrong, Marco Metra, Adriaan Voors, Christopher O'Connor, Adrian Hernandez, G. Michael Felker, Robert Mentz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Immunophenotypic-Defined Stage of Leukemia Differentiation Arrest Identifies Oncogenic and Metabolic Signatures in AML
Authors: Francois Vergez, Sarah Bertoli, Marina Bousquet, Marie-Laure Nicolau-Travers, Michael Peres, Estelle Saland, Françoise Huguet, Isabelle Luquet, Veronique Mansat-de Mas, Cecile Demur, Eric Delabesse, Gwenn Danet-Desnoyers, Jean-Emmanuel Sarry, Christian Récher
Journal: Blood (2015)
Clinical risk prediction in anthracycline cardiotoxicity.
Authors: Bonnie Ky, Carla L. Warneke, Daniel John Lenihan, Puneet S. Cheema, Dennis Frederic Moore, Mark G. Campbell, Chilakamarri Yeshwant, Paul T. Adams, Ron Krone, Joseph R. Carver, Sunita Nasta, Jakub Svoboda, Stephen J. Schuster, Nishitha M. Reddy, Sunil M. Patel, Alyssa G. Rieber, Marcella M Johnson, Michael Fisch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

9624 Background: Anthracyclines are highly effective as anticancer therapies and have led to important survival gains. There are, however, significant concerns over cardiotoxicity. The overall objective of this study was to define the incidence and clinical predictors of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in a prospective, community-based cohort. Methods: The PREDICT study included 586 patients undergoing an anthracycline-based chemotherapy across 24 community oncology programs. Participants underwent detailed cardiovascular (CV) evaluation including B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) biomarker assessment and serial echocardiograms at baseline and multiple standardized intervals over a maximum followup of 12 months. A cardiac event was defined as asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction (LVD), symptomatic heart failure (HF), symptomatic arrhythmia, acute coronary syndrome, or cardiac death. Multivariable logistic regression analyses, and specifically a backwards stepwise elimination procedure, were used to determine the relationships between baseline clinical risk factors and subsequent cardiac events. Results: The median age was 53 years (range 18-86), and 77% were non-Hispanic white and 81% female. At baseline, there was a high prevalence of CV risk factors including hypertension (21%), diabetes (13%), hyperlipidemia (25%), and tobacco use (39%). During follow-up, 11% of the participants experienced at least 1 cardiac event, primarily being LVD or HF. In multivariable analyses, the strongest predictors of subsequent cardiotoxicity were: number of CV risk factors at baseline (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.5, p=0.01); cancer type (OR 1.7, 95% CI 0.9-3.1, p = 0.10 for lymphoma compared to breast; OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.2-6.3, p=0.02 for other compared to breast); and a baseline BNP>100 pg/ml (OR 2.6, 95% CI 0.99-6.8, p=0.05). Conclusions: In a large, prospective community-based cohort, the number of CV risk factors, cancer type, and a baseline BNP>100 pg/ml were associated with cardiotoxicity. The significance of these predictors according to anthracycline dose and the potential differences according to sex remain to be further elucidated.
Analysis of BRAF and NRAS mutation status in advanced melanoma patients treated with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies: Association with overall survival?
Authors: Joanna Mangana, Simone M. Goldinger, Katja Schindler, Sima Rozati, Anna L. Frauchiger, Markus Rechsteiner, Holger Moch, Emanuela Romano, Katharina C. Kaehler, Olivier Michielin, Axel Hauschild, Christoph Hoeller, Reinhard Dummer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

9025 Background: Ipilimumab and tremelimumab are human monoclonal antibodies against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4). Ipilimumab was the first agent to show a statistically significant benefit in overall survival with durable-long-term responses for advanced melanoma patients both in first-and second-line setting. Up to date, there is no proven association between the BRAF-V600E mutation and the disease control rate (DCR) in response to Ipilimumab. Moreover, significantly shorter survival rates have been reported in patients harboring an NRAS mutation than in those without. This retrospective analysis was carried out to assess if BRAF (V600) and NRAS mutation status affects the clinical outcome of Ipilimumab-treated melanoma patients. Methods: This is a retrospective multi-center analysisof 71 patients, with confirmed BRAF and NRAS mutation status, treated with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies from December 2006 until August 2012. The cut-off for the estimation of overall survival was end of November 2012. Results: The median overall survival of BRAFV600/NRAS mutant patients (n=44) was 1,41 years compared with 2.67 years in BRAF/NRAS wild-type patients (n=27). Although this difference was not statistically significant there was a trend for improved survival in wild-type patients. Of the 71 patients analyzed, 56 received chemotherapy prior to Ipilimumab. In the BRAF/NRAS mutant cohort, 12 patients received Ipilimumab following either a BRAF- or a MEK- inhibitor. Of those 12 patients, 8 progressed and were unable to complete Ipilimumab. Of the 4 patients who completed 4 cycles of Ipilimumab, 2 were subsequently treated with a BRAF inhibitor. Furthermore out of the 71 patients, 8 patients received a BRAF or a MEK inhibitor after progression; 5 of them are still alive. Conclusions: This is the first retrospective study to evaluate the association of both BRAF and NRAS mutational status with the overall survival of Ipilimumab-treated patients. There was a trend towards an improved survival in the BRAF/NRAS wild-type subpopulation. Additional patients will be examined to foster these preliminary results.