tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vitamin K1 cream significantly reduces incidence and severity of cetuximab-related acneiform skin rash in women: a post hoc analysis of the EVITA trial
Authors: M.R. Gaiser, S. Lorenzen, K. Merx, J. Trojan, J. Ocvirk, T.J. Ettrich, S.-E. Al-Batran, H. Schulz, N. Homann, H.-P. Feustel, M. Schatz, M. Kripp, N. Schulte, S. Heeger, S. Vlassak, W. Koch, R.-D. Hofheinz
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Environmental, behavioural and multicomponent interventions to reduce adults' sitting time: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Melissa M Peachey, Julie Richardson, Ada V Tang, Vanina Dal-Bello Haas, Janelle Gravesande
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

To examine the overall effectiveness of interventions for reducing adult sedentary behaviour and to directly compare environmental, behavioural and multicomponent interventions.Intervention systematic review with meta-analysis.Ovid PsycINFO, Ovid MEDLINE, EBSCOHost CINAHL, EBSCOHost SPORTDiscus and PubMed were searched from inception to 26 July 2017.Trials including randomised controlled trials, quasi-randomised, cluster-randomised, parallel group, prepost, factorial and crossover trials where the primary aim was to change the sedentary behaviour of healthy adults assessed by self-report (eg, questionnaires, logs) or objective measures (eg, accelerometry).Thirty-eight trials of 5983 participants published between 2003 and 2017 were included in the qualitative synthesis; 35 studies were included in the quantitative analysis (meta-analysis). The pooled effect was a significant reduction in daily sitting time of -30.37 min/day (95% CI -40.86 to -19.89) favouring the intervention group. Reductions in sitting time were similar between workplace (-29.96 min/day; 95% CI -44.05 to -15.87) and other settings (-30.47 min/day; 95% CI -44.68 to -16.26), which included community, domestic and recreational environments. Environmental interventions had the largest reduction in daily sitting time (-40.59 min/day; 95% CI -61.65 to -19.53), followed by multicomponent (-35.53 min/day; 95% CI -57.27 to -13.79) and behavioural (-23.87 min/day; 95% CI -37.24 to -10.49) interventions.Interventions targeting adult sedentary behaviour reduced daily sitting time by an average of 30 min/day, which was likely clinically meaningful.
GW29-e1694 Resistin-pretreatment promotes homing of mesenchymal stem cells into damaged heart for functional recovery after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion via ERK1/2-MMP-9 signaling pathway
Authors: Wenjun Yan, Yanjie Guo, Yuan He, Yunlong Xia, Fuyang Zhang, Yongzhen Guo, Yi Liu, Rutao Wang, Tao Yin, Erhe Gao, Ling Tao
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
SIRT(s) responses to UV damage in human skin: targets for cancer prevention
Authors: Claudia Benavente, Stephanie Schnell, Elaine Jacobson
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

1870   Skin is constantly exposed to the DNA damaging effects of UV irradiation, and cellular defense mechanisms are critically important in skin cancer prevention. Our interest focuses on NAD-dependent signaling pathways in cellular responses following UV damage to skin. These include the enzyme families of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and NAD-dependent protein deacetylases (SIRTs) both of which are NAD +  consuming enzymes involved in DNA damage responses. To determine the function of these enzymes in UV damaged skin, we first established by qPCR and Western blot analyses that all seven mammalian SIRT genes are expressed both in human skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Immortalization and stress from solar simulated light or singlet oxygen stress effect specific alterations in the expression of SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT7 in keratinocytes. Using our model of intracellular NAD-modulation via niacin deprivation, we also studied the effects of substrate restriction on these enzymes9 activities during UV damage. The expression and enzymatic function of SIRTs were regulated by the availability of NAD +  in human skin cells, leading to an abrogation of SIRT responses under low NAD + . From these data, we also show that niacin-deficient HaCaT keratinocytes develop a severe sensitivity to UV damage, which is reflected in increased DNA damage (comet assay) and cell death (Annexin V-PI apoptosis assay). Our studies show that these alterations result from a combination of impaired PARP- and SIRT-catalytic activities. These data support the hypothesis that NAD-dependent signaling pathways play a role in resistance to sunlight induced skin damage and are a likely target for skin cancer prevention. Supported in part by grants from NIH (CA43894, CA106677, PO1CA27502 and P30ES06694) and Niadyne, Inc.
Medical Crowdfunding for Scientifically Unsupported or Potentially Dangerous Treatments
Authors: Ford Vox, Kelly McBride Folkers, Angela Turi, Arthur L. Caplan
Journal: JAMA (2018)

This study identified fundraising campaigns for unsubstantiated treatments, such as homeopathic remedies for cancer and antibiotic therapy for chronic Lyme disease, on GoFundMe and other crowdfunding platforms.
RANGE, a phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of ramucirumab (RAM) and docetaxel (DOC) in platinum-refractory urothelial carcinoma (UC): Overall survival results
Authors: D.P. Petrylak, C.N. Sternberg, A. Drakaki, R. de Wit, H. Nishiyama, A. Necchi, D. Castellano, A. Bamias, K.N. Chi, M.S. van der Heijden, N. Matsubara, S. Hussain, A. Flechon, B.Y. Alekseev, E.Y. Yu, R.A. Walgren, F. Russo, A.H. Zimmermann, K.M. Bell-Mcguinn, T.B. Powles
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
PALB2 germ-line mutations in Russian breast cancer patients: Identification of recurrent alleles and analysis of phenotypic characteristics of the tumors
Authors: E.N. Imyanitov, E.V. Preobrazhenskaya, A.Y. Shlejkina, A.P. Sokolenko, E.I. Anisimova, A.O. Ivantsov, A.V. Togo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
askMUSIC: Leveraging a Clinical Registry to Develop a New Machine Learning Model to Inform Patients of Prostate Cancer Treatments Chosen by Similar Men
Authors: Gregory B. Auffenberg, Khurshid R. Ghani, Shreyas Ramani, Etiowo Usoro, Brian Denton, Craig Rogers, Benjamin Stockton, David C. Miller, Karandeep Singh
Journal: European Urology (2018)
PI3Kδ Is a Therapeutic Target in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Eunkyong Ko, Hyun‐Wook Seo, Eun Sun Jung, Soomi Ju, Baek‐hui Kim, Hyeki Cho, Yoon Jun Kim, Young Min Park, Jong‐Seo Kim, Guhung Jung
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Class I phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) signaling is a major pathway in human cancer development and progression. Among the four PI3K isoforms, PI3Kα and PI3Kβ are ubiquitously expressed, whereas PI3Kγ and PI3Kδ are found primarily in leukocytes. Until now, PI3K targeting in solid tumors has focused on inhibiting PI3Kα‐mediated and PI3Kβ‐mediated cancer cell–intrinsic PI3K activity. The role of PI3Kδ in solid tumors is unknown. Here, we evaluated the effects of PI3Kδ using established hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, malignant hepatocytes derived from patients with advanced HCC, murine models, and HCC tissues using RNA sequencing, quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, microarray, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, and kinase assay. We established a chemical carcinogenesis model of liver malignancy that reflects the malignant phenotype and the in vivo environment of advanced HCC. In this in vivo advanced HCC‐mimic system using HCC cells treated with hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), we showed that H 2 O 2 selectively increases PI3Kδ activity while decreasing that of other class I PI3Ks. Blocking PI3Kδ activity with a PI3Kδ inhibitor or small interfering RNA–mediated PI3Kδ gene silencing inhibited HCC‐cell proliferation and dampened key features of malignant HCC, including the up‐regulation of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). Mechanistically, H 2 O 2 induced oxidative modification of the serpin peptidase inhibitor, serpin peptidase inhibitor (SERPINA3), blocking its ubiquitin‐dependent degradation and enhancing its activity as a transcriptional activator of PI3Kδ and TERT. High PI3Kδ levels in HCC were found to correlate with poor survival rates, with human advanced HCC showing positive correlations between the protein levels of oxidized SERPINA3, PI3Kδ, and TERT. Thus, PI3Kδ plays significant roles in malignant liver tumors. Conclusion: Our data identify PI3Kδ inhibition, recently approved for the treatment of human B‐cell malignancies, as a potential treatment for HCC.
Abstract 14797: Endothelial Adam17 Contributes to Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm but not Hypertension in Mice
Authors: Tomonori Kobayashi, Takehiko Takayanagi, Tomoki Hashimoto, Carl P Blobel, Satoru Eguchi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Enhancement of the renin angiotensin II (AngII) system has been implicated in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in animal models as well as in clinical studies. However, detailed m...
Comprehensive treatment decision support of more than 1,000 patients by the medical device Molecular Health Guide®
Authors: Sajo Kaduthanam, Carolin Huelsewig, Miguel Cubas Cordova, Katrin Stecker, Peter Koch, Anna Laib, Xiaoyue Wang, Michael Weber, Stephan Hettich, Martin Stein, Stephan Brock, Matthias Loehr
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Deaths from medicines: lessons from coroners’ reports are too easily lost, review finds
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Coroners’ reports often do not fulfil their statutory aim to prevent future deaths in the case of fatalities related to medicines, a report suggests.1

The researchers, led by Robin Ferner of the West Midlands Centre for Adverse Drug Reactions, said that alerting national rather than local organisations to the reports would ensure that important lessons about patient safety would be learnt.

The law in England and Wales requires coroners to write “regulation 28” reports to the appropriate bodies if an inquest reveals information that could be used to prevent future deaths. …
Increased risk of non-germ cell second cancer (SC) after cisplatin-based chemotherapy (CBCT) in 1-year testicular cancer (TC) survivors (TCS)
Authors: R. Hellesnes, Ø Kvammen, R.M. Bremnes, A. Karlsdottir, T.Å Myklebust, H. Negaard, T. Tandstad, T. Wilsgaard, S.D. Fosså, H.S. Haugnes
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Aberrant Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Signaling Increases VEGF-A and CXCL8 Secretion of Thyroid Cancer Cells, Contributing to Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth
Authors: Young Shin Song, Min Joo Kim, Hyun Jin Sun, Hwan Hee Kim, Hyo Shik Shin, Young A. Kim, Byung-Chul Oh, Sun Wook Cho, Young Joo Park
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Purpose: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression is widely used to treat well-differentiated thyroid cancer, whereas its role in poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) is undetermined. Besides thyrocytes, TSH also binds to stromal cells, comprising tumor microenvironments. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TSH on tumor microenvironments in PDTC. Experimental Design: An ectopic tumor model using PDTC cells (BHP10-3SCp and FRO), which exhibit TSH/cAMP-independent cell growth, was treated with TSH. IHC was performed using tissue microarrays from 13 PDTCs. Results: TSH treatment significantly enhanced tumor growth of PDTCs with increased vascularity but not that of breast cancer cells, suggesting this effect is unique to thyroid cancer cells, not stromal cells. TSH significantly upregulated VEGF-A and CXCL8 expressions in BHP10-3SCp cells via AKT and ERK signaling, resulting in higher concentrations of VEGF-A and CXCL8 in conditioned medium of TSH-treated BHP10-3SCp cells (TSH-CM) compared with controls. TSH-CM treatment enhanced tube formation potentials of endothelial cells, and blocking VEGF and/or CXCL8 reduced them. Blocking VEGF and/or CXCL8 also reduced TSH-dependent tumor growth with reduced tumor vasculature in vivo. TSH-treated tumors showed increased macrophage densities, and macrophage inhibition reduced TSH-dependent tumor growth in vivo. In human PDTCs, preoperative TSH levels were positively associated with VEGF-A and tumor size, and the expression of VEGF-A was positively correlated with CD31, CD163, and CXCL8, and their clinical poor prognosis. Conclusions: Aberrant TSH receptor signaling modulates tumor angiogenesis by stimulating VEGF-A and CXCL8 secretion from PDTC cells and enhances tumor growth; thus, TSH suppression is beneficial for treating PDTCs.
Abstract 17882: The Novel Biased Apelin Receptor Agonist MM07 Attenuates Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Peiran Yang, Alexi Crosby, Mark Southwood, Janet J Maguire, Guido Buonincontri, Cai Read, Paul D Upton, Rhoda E Kuc, Stephen J Sawiak, Nicholas W Morrell, Anthony P Davenport
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) results from pathological remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature. Apelin is a ligand of the G protein-coupled apelin receptor, a vasodilator and...
Quality and Safety in Healthcare, Part XLVII
Authors: Jay A. Harolds
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

The ability to come back from challenges such as the many factors predisposing to burnout is resilience. Individual strategies to prevent and recover from burnout can be learned and practiced. This includes mindfulness, meditation, yoga, various stress reduction techniques, coaching, counseling, mentoring, discussions in small groups, workshops, and better work life balance. Other approaches include building a support network, taking care of one's personal health, pursuing narrative medicine, engaging in reflection, emphasizing positive psychology approaches including learned optimism, encouraging a growth mindset, and volunteering. This article will focus on the topic of resilience as it is related to burnout, and subsequent articles will discuss some of the strategies for prevention and recovery in detail.
P3.09-08 Tumor Heterogeneity and Molecular Profile of NSCLC in Thai Population
Authors: S. Detarkom, P. Incharoen, A. Jinawat, N. Trachu, K. Kamprerasart, N. Prasongsook, P. Tienchainaanda, N. Iemwimangsa, K. Sararat, W. Chantratita, T. Reungwetwattana
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)
Subgroups analysis and circulating biomarkers evaluation of RESORT trial: A randomized phase II study in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients (pts) to evaluate the efficacy of sorafenib after metastasectomy
Authors: G. Procopio, F. Cognetti, R. Miceli, M. Milella, A. Mosca, V.E. Chiuri, A. Bearz, F. Morelli, C. Ortega, F. Atzori, R. Passalacqua, R. Ratta, F.G.M. de Braud, V. Cappelletti, E. Verzoni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
P3.09-24 The Concordance of Histological Diagnosis from Transbronchial Biopsy and Resected Specimen of Lung Cancers
Authors: Y. Kidokoro, T. Haruki, Y. Nozaka, W. Fujiwara, T. Miyamoto, T. Kadonaga, T. Ohno, M. Wakahara, Y. Takagi, Y. Tanaka, K. Nosaka, K. Miwa, Y. Suzuki, Y. Taniguchi, M. Kodani, Y. Umekita, H. Nakamura
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)
Combination of the aptamer AS1411 with paclitaxel or Ara-C produces synergistic inhibition of cancer cell growth
Authors: Christy Ritchie, Benjamin Doran, Kirti Shah, Hakim Djeha, Donna Dobinson, Gail Rowlinson-Busza, Nigel Courtenay-Luck, Colin Green, David Jones
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

4818  AS1411 is the first nucleic acid aptamer to be tested as a treatment for cancer. AS1411 is a 26-base unmodified phosphodiester-based guanosine rich oligonucleotide (GRO), which, as a dimer, forms a quartet structure resistant to serum nucleases. It is postulated to exert anti-cancer activity by binding to cell surface nucleolin; this then results in S-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In a Phase I dose-escalation trial promising signs of anticancer activity were reported in renal cancer patients (9 of 12 patients showed clinical benefit (stable disease, partial or complete response)) and the drug produced no serious adverse events at any dose tested (up to 2 cycles of 7-day infusions of 40 mg/kg/day).  The aim of these studies was to evaluate the potential of combining AS1411 with various traditional cytotoxic chemotherapeutics, using in vitro cancer cell lines. Initially AS1411 was shown to induce cell killing of a broad range of human cancer cell lines, derived from both hematologic and solid cancers, typically requiring concentrations of around 5μM to cause 50% cell kill. For combination studies, A549 human non-small cell lung cancer cells were incubated with a fixed concentration of 3μM of AS1411(a concentration that did not cause growth inhibition when used alone) for 6 days with varying concentrations of the cytotoxic agents (cisplatin, paclitaxel, gemcitabine, Ara-C or 5-fluorouracil) added on day 3. Using combination index analysis, AS1411 demonstrated synergistic growth inhibition when used with either paclitaxel or Ara-C. Further work has given insights into the mechanism of action of AS1411 and will be presented.  These data, alongside the general lack of toxicities observed thus far in the clinic with AS1411, attest to the promise of conducting combination studies in man with AS1411, especially with paclitaxel and Ara-C.
Abstract 15507: CPR Education in Middle School Students During Physical Education Class
Authors: Kae Watanabe, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Jonathan J Shuster, Joseph Philip
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: AHA advocates for CPR education as a required element of the secondary school curriculum. Unfortunately, many states have not adopted CPR education as part of their standard curriculum. Our aim was to investigate a low-cost, and time effective method to educate students on Basic life Support (BLS) during a physical education (PE) class, including evaluation of the use of re-education. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that a 45 minute BLS class during PE class is sufficient to provide with CPR and AED knowledge and skills. Methods: This is a prospective, randomized study. The study included forty one 8 th grade students in an Alachua County Middle School in Gainesville, Florida. Education was performed by an AHA-certified provider during a 45 minute PE class. Education was limited to chest compressions and the usage of an Automatic External Defibrillator (AED). Students were randomized into two groups; one group received repeat education at two months post-initial education, while the second group did not. Students had a skills and knowledge test administered pre- and post-education, given after initial education and repeated two and four months later to assess retention. Total scores were compared between pre- and post- education, as well as between groups. Results: There was a significant difference in CPR skills and knowledge when comparing pre- and post-education results for all time-points (p&lt;0.001). When assessing retention, no significant difference in mean total scores was observed between the initial post-education as compared to two and four months (p&gt;0.1). Mean total scores compared between groups showed no statistical significance of re-education. However, a statistical significance was noted for AED usage in the repeat education group. Conclusions: Our study indicates significant increase in CPR knowledge and skills following a one-time 45 minute session. Repeat education may be useful as a yearly event, but would need further investigation. If schools across the United States invested one 45-60 minute period a year for each school year, this would ensure widespread CPR knowledge with minimal cost and loss of school time.
Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation in Stage III Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Overall Survival Should Not Necessarily Be the Final End Point
Authors: Alfredo Addeo, Francesca Caparrotti, Cristina Picardi, Pierre-Yves Dietrich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

publication of the NVALT-11/DLCRG-02 study by De Ruysscher et al. 1The authors investigated whether prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) could reduce the incidence of symptomatic brain metastases (BMs) in patients with stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Secondary end points included adverse effects, quality of life, and survival (OS).Of note, PCI not only dramatically reduced the number of patients who developed BM (7% v 27.2%), but increased the time to develop symptomatic BM with a hazard ratio 0.23.With regard to toxicity, the authors report an increase of grade 1 and 2 memory impairment with a decrease in quality of life at 3 months after PCI but with no difference compared with the observation arm thereafter.Do we have a new standard of care?If we were discussing a new drug, we would certainly have a new standard of care, particularly with a hazard ratio of 0.23, which is seldom observed with systemic treatment of solid cancers.The secondary end point was OS, which was not improved by PCI treatment in the study by De Ruysscher et al.The authors suggest that patients should have a thorough discussion of the pros and cons of PCI to make a final decision as to whether to undertake this treatment.This is clearly translated in the authors' point of view in the relatively little enthusiasm about the published results.Our view is rather straightforward: This is a positive study, as it met the primary end point, reinforcing the role of PCI in patients with stage III NSCLC.There are several reasons for why the OS was not dissimilar.The authors conclude that extracranial progression might have likely influenced OS.This could certainly be one of them, but others must be acknowledged.First of all, the study was underpowered to detect a difference in OS.As conceived by the authors, the initial plan was to recruit 300 patients-150 per arm-but because of slow accrual the sample size was amended.Even with a smaller sample size, the PCI arm performed better with a median OS of 24.2 months compared
High-throughput screening of new drugs targeting lung CSCs
Authors: H.A. Amado Labrador, E. Jantus-Lewintre, S. Calabuig Fariñas, C. Aguilar-Gallardo, J. Murga, E. Munera-Maravilla, E. Durendez-Saez, M. Mosqueda, E. Escorihuela, F. Zhang, E. Masiá, N. Dong, R. Guijarro, C. Camps
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Rare cause of rectal stenosis in a patient with long-term use of Infliximab and Mercaptopurine for ulcerative colitis
Authors: Nassim Hammoudi, Charlotte Gardair, My-Linh Tran-Minh, Matthieu Allez, Jean-Marc Gornet
Journal: Gut (2018)

A 58-year-old, non-smoker male patient with no family history was followed up since 2002 for ulcerative colitis (UC) located in the rectosigmoid. He was initially treated by salicylates alone until November 2008. Mercaptopurine was started in August 2009 for steroid dependence with primary failure despite adequate 6 thioguanine nucleotides (6 TGN) level. He was included in February 2010 in the PURSUIT trial testing Golimumab with only partial response. A combination therapy with Mercaptopurine and Infliximab was then started in December 2010 with a long-term clinical, biological and endoscopic steroid-free remission. A pan-chromoendoscopy performed in June 2016 showed a complete mucosal healing with no histological activity …
P3.17-13 SAKK 16/14: Durvalumab in Addition to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Stage IIIA(N2) NSCLC — A Multicenter Single-Arm Phase II Trial
Authors: S. Rothschild, A. Zippelius, S. Savic, M. Gonzalez, W. Weder, A. Xyrafas, C. Rusterholz, M. Pless
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)