tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow‐Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by a Functionalized Silk Fibroin Hydrogel for Bone Defect Repair
Authors: Yufei Yan, Baochang Cheng, Kaizhe Chen, Wenguo Cui, Jin Qi, Xinming Li, Lianfu Deng
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)

Abstract Silk fibroin (SF) from Bombyx mori is a promising natural material for the synthesis of biocompatible and biodegradable hydrogels for use in biomedical applications from tissue engineering to drug delivery. However, weak gelation performance and the lack of biochemical cues to trigger cell proliferation and differentiation currently significantly limit its application in these areas. Herein, a biofunctional hydrogel containing SF (2.0%) and a small peptide gelator (e.g., NapFFRGD = 1.0 wt%) is generated via cooperative molecular self‐assembly. The introduction of NapFFRGD to SF is shown to significantly improve its gelation properties by lowering both its threshold gelation concentration to 2.0% and gelation time to 20 min under physiological conditions (pH = 7.4, 37 °C), as well as functionalizing the SF hydrogel with cell‐adhesive motifs (e.g., RGD). Besides mediating cell adhesion, the RGD ligands incorporated within the SF‐RGD gel promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated within the gel matrix, leading to bone regeneration in a mouse calvarial defect model, compared with a blank SF gel (2.0%, pH = 7.4). This work suggests that SF could be easily tailored with bioactive peptide gelators to afford bioactive hydrogels with favorable microenvironments for tissue regeneration applications.
Impact of a mature palliative service for patients with lung cancer admitted to the ICU.
Authors: Brian James Smith, Suzanne Jermstad, Susan Yun, Judie R. Goodman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

102 Background: In 2012 ASCO made the clinical recommendation for patients with stage IV solid organ cancer to receive palliative care consultation (PCC) at the time of detection. This was intended to increase utilization and effectiveness of palliative care. In this study, we estimate the proportion and impact of late "brink of death" PCC for patients with stage III-IV lung cancer admitted to the ICU of a hospital with a Joint Commission approved palliative care program. Methods: Retrospective review of patients with advanced lung cancer (stage III-IV) admitted to ICU in 2015-17. IRB approval was obtained. There were no exclusion criteria within this population. Areas assessed were age, stage, reason for admission, interventions, disposition, length of stay, days in the intensive care unit, palliative care consultation, code status, and documented end of life discussion. Results: A total of 13 patient met inclusion criteria. They were 38% male 62% female with a mean age of 67 years (SD: 14.9). All had prior diagnosis of advanced lung cancer and 92% were stage IV. The most common indication for admission was sepsis (38%). Less than half (46%) had a PCC, and fewer (31%) had a documented end of life care discussion. Even in the minority of patients with PCC, 33% received the PCC on day of death. Full code status was maintained in 77%. 53% expired during admission with only 57% of those that died having palliative care discussion. Conclusions: Even in a mature TJC certified PCC program, less than half of these terminally ill patients received a PCC. There is a chasm between ASCO's goal of early PCC and the reality of palliative care utilization in ICU admitted patients with advanced lung cancer. A possible solution is to initiate triggered palliative consultation for this high mortality population upon admission, with possible expansion to other terminally ill groups. In a world of electronic medical records, it should be possible to arrange a system to flag these patients for direct review by the palliative team to determine appropriateness and then notify the primary team in order to coordinate care.[Table: see text]
Combinatorial mutation on the β-glycosidase specific to 7-β-xylosyltaxanes and increasing the mutated enzyme production by engineering the recombinant yeast
Authors: Jing-Jing Chen, Xiao Liang, Fen Wang, Yan-Hua Wen, Tian-Jiao Chen, Wan-Cang Liu, Ting Gong, Jin-Ling Yang, Ping Zhu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2018)

Taxol is a "blockbuster" antitumor drug produced by Taxus species with extremely low amount, while its analogue 7-β-xylosyl-10-deacetyltaxol is generally much higher in the plants. Both the fungal enzymes LXYL-P1-1 and LXYL-P1-2 can convert 7-β-xylosyl-10-deacetyltaxol into 10-deacetyltaxol for Taxol semi-synthesis. Of them, LXYL-P1-2 is twice more active than LXYL-P1-1, but there are only 11 significantly different amino acids in terms of the polarity and acidic-basic properties between them. In this study, single and multiple site-directed mutations at the 11 sites from LXYL-P1-1 to LXYL-P1-2 were performed to define the amino acids with upward bias in activities and to acquire variants with improved catalytic properties. Among all the 17 mutants, E12 (A72T/V91S) was the most active and even displayed 2.8- and 3-fold higher than LXYL-P1-2 on β-xylosidase and β-glucosidase activities. The possible mechanism for such improvement was proposed by homology modeling and molecular docking between E12 and 7-β-xylosyl-10-deacetyltaxol. The recombinant yeast GS115-P1E12-7 was constructed by introducing variant E12, the molecular chaperone gene pdi and the bacterial hemoglobin gene vhb. This engineered yeast rendered 4 times higher biomass enzyme activity than GS115-3.5K-P1-2 that had been used for demo-scale fermentation. Thus, GS115-P1E12-7 becomes a promising candidate to replace GS115-3.5K-P1-2 for industrial purpose.
Global, regional, and national estimates of pneumonia morbidity and mortality in children younger than 5 years between 2000 and 2015: a systematic analysis
Authors: David A McAllister, Li Liu, Ting Shi, Yue Chu, Craig Reed, John Burrows, Davies Adeloye, Igor Rudan, Robert E Black, Harry Campbell, Harish Nair
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2018)

Global child mortality reduced substantially during the Millennium Development Goal period (2000-15). We aimed to estimate morbidity, mortality, and prevalence of risk factors for child pneumonia at the global, regional, and national level for developing countries for the Millennium Development Goal period.
JAMA Network Articles of the Year 2018
Authors: Jennifer Abbasi
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Liposomes with cyclic RGD peptide motif triggers acute immune response in mice
Authors: Xiaoyi Wang, Huan Wang, Kuan Jiang, Yanyu Zhang, Changyou Zhan, Man Ying, Mingfei Zhang, Linwei Lu, Ruifeng Wang, Songli Wang, Diane J. Burgess, Hao Wang, Weiyue Lu
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2018)
Routine Inpatient Mobility Assessment and Hospital Discharge Planning
Authors: Erik H. Hoyer, Daniel L. Young, Lisa Aronson Friedman, Daniel J. Brotman, Lisa M. Klein, Michael Friedman, Dale M. Needham
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

This cohort study examines whether use of a mobility assessment tool in hospitalized patients with impaired mobility is associated with discharge to a postacute facility.
#23 The role of multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (mpMRI) for different follow-up schemes in active surveillance of men with low-risk prostate cancer in the US: a cost-effectiveness modelling study (poster presentation)
Authors: S. Patel, M. Rovers, J.J. Fütterer, A. Boltyenkov, J.J. Rongen
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2018)
Incretin based drugs and risk of cholangiocarcinoma among patients with type 2 diabetes: population based cohort study
Authors: Devin Abrahami, Antonios Douros, Hui Yin, Oriana HY Yu, Jean-Luc Faillie, François Montastruc, Robert W Platt, Nathaniel Bouganim, Laurent Azoulay
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Abstract Objective To determine whether use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are associated with an increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma in adults with type 2 diabetes. Design Population based cohort study. Setting General practices contributing data to the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Participants 154 162 adults newly treated with antidiabetic drugs between 1 January 2007 and 31 March 2017, followed until 31 March 2018. Main outcome measures Use of DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists was modelled as a time varying variable and compared with use of other second or third line antidiabetic drugs. All exposures were lagged by one year to account for cancer latency and to minimise reverse causality. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of incident cholangiocarcinoma associated with use of DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists, separately. A post hoc pharmacovigilance analysis was conducted using the World Health Organization’s global individual case safety report database, VigiBase, to estimate reporting odds ratios of cholangiocarcinoma. Results During 614 274 person years of follow-up, 105 incident cholangiocarcinoma events occurred (rate 17.1 per 100 000 person years). Use of DPP-4 inhibitors was associated with a 77% increased hazard of cholangiocarcinoma (hazard ratio 1.77, 95% confidence interval 1.04 to 3.01). Use of GLP-1 receptor agonists was associated with an increased hazard with a wide confidence interval (hazard ratio 1.97, 0.83 to 4.66). In the pharmacovigilance analysis, the use of DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists were both associated with increased reporting odds ratios for cholangiocarcinoma, compared with use of sulfonylureas or thiazolidinediones (1.63, 1.00 to 2.66, 4.73, 2.95 to 7.58, respectively). Conclusion Compared with use of other second or third line antidiabetic drugs, use of DPP-4 inhibitors, and possibly GLP-1 receptor agonists, might be associated with an increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Updated Disclosure Statement for Invited Commentary
Authors: Frank B. Hu
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Abstract 13817: Prognostic Impact of New-onset Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Eith Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Study of Japanese Registry of Acute Myocardial Infarction Diagnosed by Universal Definition (J-MINUET)
Authors: Nobuaki Kokubu, Tetsuji Miura, Koichi Nakao, Yukio Oszaki, Kazuo Kimura, Junya Ako, Teruo Noguchi, Satohi Yasuda, Satoru Suwa, Kazuteru Fujimoto, Yasuharu Nakama, Takashi Morita, Wataru Shimizu, Yoshihiko Saito, Atsushi Hirohata, Yasuhiro Morita, Teruo Inoue, Atsunori Okamura, Toshiaki Mano, Kazuhito Hirata, Kengo Tanabe, Yoshisato Shibata, Mafumi Owa, kenichi Tsujita, Hiroshi Funayama, Ken Kozuma, Shirou Umura, Tetsuya Tobaru, Keijirou Saku, Shigeru Oshima, Kunihiro Nishimura, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Hisao Ogawa, Masaharu Ishihara
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Preexisting AF is an established predictor of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, it is unclear whether new-onset AF in patients with A...
In Vivo Tumor Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Therapy Based on Supra‐(Carbon Nanodots)
Authors: Guiying Xu, Xin Bao, Jingqin Chen, Bohan Zhang, Di Li, Ding Zhou, Xiaoyun Wang, Chengbo Liu, Yingli Wang, Songnan Qu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)

Abstract Carbon nanodots (CNDs) with high photothermal conversion efficiency are considered as emerging nanomaterials for advanced biomedical applications attributing to their high biocompatibility, low‐cost, and unique photophysical properties. In previous work, supra‐CNDs are synthesized exhibiting high absorption in the near‐infrared (NIR) region and good NIR photothermal conversion performance. In this work, supra‐CNDs are explored as a photothermal agent for photothermal therapy (PTT) and a contrast agent for photoacoustic (PA) imaging, respectively. As a result, in vivo tumor PTT is realized under 655 nm laser irradiation via intratumor injecting supra‐CNDs. In vivo PA imaging reveals that supra‐CNDs can accumulate in the tumor tissue via the blood circulation after intravenous injection. Moreover, in vivo PTT is conducted after intravenous injection and subsequent tumor accumulation of supra‐CNDs, and the lives of mice are prolonged due to the tumor growth inhibition after PTT. These attractive properties indicate that the supra‐CNDs can be used as biomedical agents for PA imaging and tumor therapy.
Assessment and initial management of acute undifferentiated fever in tropical and subtropical regions
Authors: Anurag Bhargava, Ravikar Ralph, Biswaroop Chatterjee, Emmanuel Bottieau
Journal: BMJ (2018)

### What you need to know

Acute undifferentiated febrile illnesses (AUFI) are characterised by fever of less than two weeks’ duration without organ-specific symptoms at the onset.1 These may begin with headache, chills, and myalgia. Later, specific organs may be involved. AUFIs can range from mild and self limiting disease to progressive, life threatening illness. A mortality rate of 12% has been reported in severely ill hospitalised patients in tropical regions.2

AUFIs are classified into malaria and non-malarial illnesses with the help of microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests for malaria.3 The overlap of epidemiological and clinical features often renders clinical diagnosis difficult. There is greater focus on non-malarial AUFIs with the decline of malaria in many regions of the world.4 They account for 20-50% of all fevers in children over 5 years of age and adults in Asia and Africa.5 Laboratory confirmation is difficult—in contrast to malaria and dengue, for which high accuracy rapid diagnostic tests are now available. Current guidelines do not comprehensively address undifferentiated infections, which can fuel indiscriminate use of antimalarials …
The ETS1 Transcription Factor Is Implicated in Human and Murine Intermediate NK Cell Development Stages
Authors: Eileen Hu, Jessica Waibl-Polania, Frank Frissora, Larry State Beaver, Kevan Zapolnik, Bethany L Mundy-Bosse, Anjali Mishra, Aharon G. Freud, Jianhua Yu, John C. Byrd, Christopher C. Oakes, Michael Ostrowski, Natarajan Muthusamy
Journal: Blood (2018)
Gender and preferences for palliative care: Perceptions of efficacy.
Authors: Brittany D. Korotkin, Laura M Perry, Adina S Kazan, Wasef Atiya, Paul Duberstein, Fahad Saeed, Michael Hoerger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

34 Background: Palliative care is underutilized by patients with cancer. Understanding differences in preferences is critical for promoting access. This study tested the hypothesis that women would be more favorably disposed toward palliative care than men. Methods: Two samples of individuals with cancer ( N = 633 and N = 413) provided data on demographics and self-reported health and completed the Palliative Care Preferences Scale, a multifaceted assessment that measures emotional, cognitive, and behavioral aspects of preferences. We conducted t-tests to examine gender differences in palliative preferences in each sample, and analysis of covariance to examine the difference while controlling for age, race/ethnicity, education, cancer type, time since diagnosis, and presence of metastases. Results: As hypothesized, t-tests revealed a significant difference of palliative care preferences across gender for both samples ( p &lt; .001 and p = .020) with women preferring palliative care more so than men. Findings were comparable when controlling for age, race/ethnicity, education, cancer type, time since diagnosis, and presence of metastases ( p = .018 and p = .015). Analysis of the cognitive subscale revealed that relative to men, women viewed palliative care as more efficacious ( p &lt; .001 and p &lt; .001). Conclusions: Findings across the two samples demonstrate greater preferences for palliative care among women than men. Future research should examine whether psychoeducational interventions can be tailored based on gender to increase preferences for palliative care.
CD20-Tcb (RG6026), a Novel "2:1" Format T-Cell-Engaging Bispecific Antibody, Induces Complete Remissions in Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Preliminary Results from a Phase I First in Human Trial
Authors: Martin Hutchings, Gloria Iacoboni, Franck Morschhauser, Fritz Offner, Anna Sureda, Gilles Andre Salles, Carmelo Carlo-Stella, Joaquin Martinez Lopez, Denise Thomas, Peter N Morcos, Betsy Quackenbush, Cristiano Ferlini, Marina Bacac, Ann-Marie E. Broeske, Natalie Dimier, Tom Moore, Martin Weisser, Michael Dickinson
Journal: Blood (2018)
Chemically modified peanut extract shows increased safety while maintaining immunogenicity
Authors: Hanneke P. M. van der Kleij, Hans J. M. Warmenhoven, Ronald van Ree, Serge A. Versteeg, Raymond H. H. Pieters, Stephen C. Dreskin, André C. Knulst, Els van Hoffen, Dirk Jan E. Opstelten, Stef J. Koppelman, Joost J. Smit
Journal: Allergy (2018)

Abstract Background Peanuts are most responsible for food‐induced anaphylaxis in adults in developed countries. An effective and safe immunotherapy is urgently needed. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunogenicity, allergenicity, and immunotherapeutic efficacy of a well‐characterized chemically modified peanut extract ( MPE ) adsorbed to Al( OH ) 3 . Methods Peanut extract ( PE ) was modified by reduction and alkylation. Using sera of peanut‐allergic patients, competitive IgE‐binding assays and mediator release assays were performed. The immunogenicity of MPE was evaluated by measuring activation of human PE ‐specific T‐cell lines and the induction of PE ‐specific IgG in mice. The safety and efficacy of MPE adsorbed to Al( OH ) 3 was tested in two mouse models by measuring allergic manifestations upon peanut challenge in peanut‐allergic mice. Results Compared to PE , the IgE‐binding and capacity to induce allergic symptoms of MPE were lower in all patients. PE and MPE displayed similar immunogenicity in vivo and in vitro. In mice sensitized to PE , the threshold for anaphylaxis (drop in BT ) upon subcutaneous challenge with PE was 0.01 mg, while at 0.3 mg MPE no allergic reaction occurred. Anaphylaxis was not observed when PE and MPE were fully adsorbed to Al( OH ) 3 . Both PE and MPE + Al( OH ) 3 showed to be efficacious in a model for immunotherapy. Conclusion In our studies, an Al( OH ) 3 adsorbed MPE showed reduced allergenicity compared to unmodified PE , while the efficacy of immunotherapy is maintained. The preclinical data presented in this study supports further development of modified peanut allergens for IT .
Analysis of cis-acting elements within the p53 promoter and their corresponding trans-acting factors in cell cycle regulation of p53 transcription
Authors: Kristy Boggs, David Reisman
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

969  Our research is to characterize factors that regulate expression of p53 during normal cell cycling and how these pathways become defective in cancer. By Northern analysis we found that p53 mRNA levels in Swiss3T3 cells are regulated by serum starvation and stimulation. p53 mRNA decreases when cells are arrested and increases upon stimulation. Flow cytometry indicates that cells arrest in G1/G0 and that induction of p53 occurs in late G1. We cloned a region of the murine p53 gene that is 1Kbp upstream of the previously cloned 0.7Kbp promoter. By transient transfections, we found expression of the 1.7Kbp promoter to be almost half that of the 0.7Kbp promoter indicating the presence of a negative regulatory element. When the 1.7Kbp and 0.7Kbp transfectants were serum starved and stimulated, the 0.7Kbp promoter was constituently expressed and the 1.7Kbp promoter was induced by serum. This indicates that a cell cycle regulatory element exists within the p53 promoter. To identify element(s) within the upstream region, PCR-directed deletion was carried out. Each deletion was tested for activity. To date, three regulatory elements have been identified, one positive and two negative. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) have enabled us to further define the elements, identify binding factors and determine which of these factors are involved in cell cycle regulation of p53. We examined the binding patterns of factors from extracts prepared from Swiss3T3 cells that have been serum starved and then stimulated. We found a factor that binds within the positive element of the p53 promoter to exhibit a binding pattern representative of a cell cycle regulated response. A database search of the binding site identified the factor as C/EBPβ, a DNA binding protein shown to activate the c-fos serum response element. Binding by C/EBPβ was confirmed by EMSA in the presence of anti- C/EBPβ antibody. We are identifying other factors by yeast one-hybrid assays. In vitro footprinting will further define binding patterns and possible overlap of the elements. In vivo footprinting will allow us to look at protein interactions on the endogenous p53 promoter in the presence of chromatin and provide insight into possible collaboration between elements. How p53 is regulated during the cell cycle is not well defined. Several factors bind the promoter but those that regulate its expression during the cell cycle are not known. We have identified a candidate, C/EBPβ. This factor exhibits a binding pattern indicative of a cell cycle regulated response, but further work to characterize the activity of this protein is needed. Once we have an understanding of p53 regulation in normal cells we will be better equipped to understand aberrant p53 expression in cancer cells.