tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
18F-FDOPA Uptake Reflects the Efficacy of Dopamine Agonists Treatment in Pituitary Prolactinoma
Authors: Céline Heimburger, Caroline Bund, Pietro Addeo, Bernard Goichot, Alessio Imperiale
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

We report the results of F-FDOPA PET/CT in an asymptomatic MEN-1 patient with secreting pituitary prolactinoma investigated before and during dopamine agonists treatment. PET/CT showed intense and focal F-FDOPA uptake in the right part of anterior pituitary corresponding to a microadenoma on MRI imaging. Six months after the beginning of cabergoline, prolactin secretion normalized, pituitary F-FDOPA uptake completely regressed, and tumor size reduced on follow-up PET/CT and MRI, respectively.
A multi-center phase II study of high dose interleukin-2 sequenced with vemurafenib in patients with BRAF-V600 mutation positive metastatic melanoma
Authors: Joseph I. Clark, Jatinder Singh, Marc S. Ernstoff, Christopher D. Lao, Lawrence E. Flaherty, Theodore F. Logan, Brendan Curti, Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Bret Taback, Lee Cranmer, Jose Lutzky, Theresa L. Luna, Sandra Aung, David H. Lawson
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Preclinical studies suggest that BRAF inhibitors enhance anti-tumor immunity and antigen presentation. Combination BRAF inhibition with immunotherapy is an appealing therapeutic approach. We sequenced vemurafenib with HD IL-2 in patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma to improve long term outcomes. <h3>Methods</h3> Eligible patients were HD IL-2 eligible with metastatic BRAF V600 mutated melanoma. Cohort 1 was treatment naïve and received vemurafenib 960&nbsp;mg BID for 6&nbsp;weeks before HD IL-2. Cohort 2 received vemurafenib for 7–18&nbsp;weeks before enrollment. Both cohorts received HD IL-2 at 600,000&nbsp;IU/kg every 8&nbsp;h&nbsp;days 1–5 and days 15–19. The primary objective was to assess complete responses (CR) at 10&nbsp;weeks ±3 (assessment 1) and 26&nbsp;weeks ±3 (assessment 2) from the start of HD IL-2. <h3>Results</h3> Fifty-three patients were enrolled, (cohort 1, <i>n</i> = 38; cohort 2, <i>n</i> = 15). Of these, 39 underwent assessment 1 and 15 assessment 2. The CR rate at assessment 1 was 10% (95% CI 3–24) for both cohorts combined, and 27% (95% CI 8–55) at assessment 2. Three-year survival was 30 and 27% for cohort 1 and cohort 2, respectively. No unexpected toxicities occurred. A shift in the melanoma treatment landscape during this trial adversely affected accrual, leading to early trial closure. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Vemurafenib in sequence with HD IL-2 did not change the known toxicity profile for either agent. Lower than expected response rates to vemurafenib were observed. Overall response rates and durability of responses appear similar to that observed with HD IL-2 alone. <h3>Trial registration</h3> NCTN, NCT01683188. Registered 11 September 2012, http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/NCT01683188
The sequencing of lanreotide (LAN) after octreotide LAR (OCT) for the treatment of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs).
Authors: Wasif M. Saif, Rohan Parikh, David Ray, James A. Kaye, Samantha K Kurosky, Katharine Thomas, Thomas Beveridge, Beloo Mirakhur, Catherine A Lubeck, Saurabh P Nagar, Heloisa Soares
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

e16174 Background: Somatostatin analogs (SSA), such as OCT and LAN, are used to treat GEP-NETs. LAN is effective for carcinoid syndrome (CS) control in both SSA-experienced and -naïve patients (pts) with NETs. The study aim (NCT03112694) was to describe the clinical response to treatment among pts with locally advanced or metastatic GEP-NETs treated with LAN following treatment with OCT. Methods: A multicenter, retrospective medical record (MR) review of pts who had a confirmed diagnosis of locally advanced GEP-NET was conducted in adult pts who received ≥90 days OCT monotherapy followed by ≥90 days LAN monotherapy. MRs were reviewed to collect data including demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment responses, treatment duration, reason for change in these agents, and clinical progression. Clinically defined progressive disease (CDPD) and clinical progression free duration (CPFD) was based on radiological imaging, symptom control, biomarker(s) and/or clinical judgment. Results: The sample included data on 91 pts; male = 40.7%, age (mean) at initial diagnosis = 57.7 years (SD = 10.9). Median follow-up duration was 59.5 months (IQR: 41.4-94.9). Most pts (71.0%) presented with Stage IV disease with liver metastasis (71.4%). Most common primary tumor sites: small intestine (63.7%); pancreas (14.3%). Fifty-five pts (60.4%) had functional disease at initial diagnosis. Common reasons for transition to LAN included: CDPD (22.0%), formulary change (15.4%) and pt preference (9.9%). Data shows 30.8% of OCT pts had CDPD at the start of LAN treatment. After start of LAN treatment, 24.2% of pts had CDPD on LAN during the observed follow-up. The median treatment duration on OCT was 30.2 months (IQR: 13.8-54.1). CPFD on LAN (n = 91) was 23.7 months (95% CI: 20.2-NE). For CDPD OCT pts (n = 28) and clinically defined stable disease octreotide pts (n = 52), the CPFD was 15.2 months (95% CI: 11.4-NE) and 24.7 months (95% CI: 24.7-NE), respectively. Conclusions: In addition to the phase III ELECT trial, these results suggest pts could transition from OCT to LAN in functioning and non-functioning GEP-NET. The CPFD observed under LAN in this SSA-pretreated population warrant further exploration. Clinical trial information: NCT03112694.
Abstract 13966: Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation Reduces the Recurrence of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Yoshiyuki Hama, Masayuki Ishimura, Taishi Kuwahara, Marehiko Ueda, Akira Miyazaki, Masato Yamanouchi, Junji Kanda, Masashi Yamamoto, Toshiharu Himi, Yoshio Kobayashi
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Cardioembolic stroke related to atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with a high recurrence rate and high mortality and morbidity. Catheter ablation for AF is effective in reducing AF burden, while the impact of AF ablation on a recurrence of stroke remains to be elucidated. Methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients who were diagnosed with AF. A total of 1792 patients with AF (age 67±10, male 67%, 47% paroxysmal AF) were analyzed. Six hundred thirty-three patients underwent AF ablation. Patients with a history of transient ischemic attack (TIA) or ischemic stroke (IS) were listed. The association between a recurrence of TIA/IS, and AF ablation was evaluated. Results: There were 282 patients with a history of TIA/IS (104 ablation, 178 no-ablation). Ablation group had more patients with heart failure than no-ablation group. Besides this, there were similar about CHADS2 score in both group. Fifty-six recurrences were observed. AF ablation was associated with a lower incidence of recurrences (Hazard ratio 0.30; 95% CI 0.11 - 0.85; p=0.02). Independent predictors of recurrences of TIA/IS were, not undergoing AF ablation, aging, and a presence of hypertension. Conclusion: Our results suggested that AF ablation could reduce the recurrence of TIA/IS.
Doctors being investigated after an unexpected death need more support, says MDU
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Doctors needs to be better supported when they are investigated after the unexpected death of a patient, the Medical Defence Union has said.

In its submission to the GMC commissioned review of gross negligence manslaughter, the MDU called for greater consistency in the way that hospital trusts and primary care organisations such as clinical commissioning …
Ogobara Doumbo: committed to improving research and healthcare in Africa
Authors: Ned Stafford
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Born in the Dogon region of Mali, Ogobara Doumbo was raised in a village with no electricity. His first ride in a car came as a teenager in 1971, when he travelled to the town of Bandiagara for his secondary school certification examination. Two years later he was awarded a scholarship to study medicine in Bamako, the capital of Mali.

Doumbo went on to become a specialist in parasitology, earning global recognition for his work on malaria epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. In 1992 he co-founded the Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC) in Bamako, now a world renowned centre of excellence. Also an expert in mycology, anthropology, and bioethics, he was the author of more than 500 papers and collaborated with leading tropical disease researchers around the world.

Throughout his career, he remained devoted to his native Mali and to the African continent. While many other Africans of high academic and medical research stature accepted lucrative appointments in Europe and North America, Doumbo chose to remain based in Mali. Throughout his career he worked tirelessly to improve the healthcare systems of his country and the continent, and to expand research capacity by mentoring young researchers and supporting their projects.



Credit: Medicines for Malaria Venture mmv.org

Louis H Miller, head of malaria cell biology at the US National Institute of Health’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH-NIAID), told The BMJ : “Repeatedly he was offered jobs in Geneva at the World Health Organization, but turned them down because he wanted to remain in Mali and work against malaria.”

Miller adds: “He was brilliant. He was a great leader who brought together the best team in malaria research in Africa.”

Doumbo’s unexpected death in a hospital in Marseilles, France, was a shock to his friends and colleagues around the world. An official cause of …
Blocking Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Protects Against Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice
Authors: Jinhong Li, Ying Tang, Patrick M.K. Tang, Jun Lv, Xiao-ru Huang, Christine Carlsson-Skwirut, Lydie Da Costa, Anna Aspesi, Suada Fröhlich, Pawel Szczęśniak, Philipp Lacher, Jörg Klug, Andreas Meinhardt, Günter Fingerle-Rowson, Rujun Gong, Zhihua Zheng, Anping Xu, Hui-yao Lan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2018)

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is elevated in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and is suggested as a potential predictor for renal replacement therapy in AKI. In this study, we found that MIF also plays a pathogenic role and is a therapeutic target for AKI. In a cisplatin-induced AKI mouse model, elevated plasma MIF correlated with increased serum creatinine and the severity of renal inflammation and tubular necrosis, whereas deletion of MIF protected the kidney from cisplatin-induced AKI by largely improving renal functional and histological injury, and suppressing renal inflammation including upregulation of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), MCP-1, IL-8, and infiltration of macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells. We next developed a novel therapeutic strategy for AKI by blocking the endogenous MIF with an MIF inhibitor, ribosomal protein S19 (RPS19). Similar to the MIF-knockout mice, treatment with RPS19, but not the mutant RPS19, suppressed cisplatin-induced AKI. Mechanistically, we found that both genetic knockout and pharmacological inhibition of MIF protected against AKI by inactivating the CD74-nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling. In conclusion, MIF is pathogenic in cisplatin-induced AKI. Targeting MIF with an MIF inhibitor RPS19 could be a promising therapeutic potential for AKI.
Abstract 15087: Adherence to QD vs. BID Medications in NVAF Patients is Associated With Reduced Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Modeling Study Using RCT and Claims Data
Authors: Colleen A McHorney, Eric Peterson, Veronica Ashton, François Laliberté, Concetta Crivera, Naveed Sheikh, Guillaume Germain, Jeff Schein, Yongling Xiao, Patrick Lefebvre
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Non vitamin-K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) reduce stroke risk compared with no treatment among non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients (NVAF). However, poor medication adher...
A randomized intraindividual comparative study of methyl-5-aminolaevulinate vs. 5-aminolaevulinic acid nanoemulsion (BF-200 ALA) in photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis of the face and scalp
Authors: C. Serra-Guillén, E. Nagore, E. Bancalari, S. Kindem, O. Sanmartín, B. Llombart, C. Requena, I. Serra-Guillén, L. Calomarde, A. Diago, E. Bernia, C. Guillén
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)
Vitamin D Supplementation and Survival of Patients with Non–small Cell Lung Cancer: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Tadashi Akiba, Toshiaki Morikawa, Makoto Odaka, Takeo Nakada, Noriki Kamiya, Makoto Yamashita, Mitsuo Yabe, Takuya Inagaki, Hisatoshi Asano, Shohei Mori, Yo Tsukamoto, Mitsuyoshi Urashima
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Purpose: Higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are reportedly associated with better survival in early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, whether vitamin D supplementation can improve the prognosis of patients with NSCLC was examined (UMIN000001869). Patients and Methods: A randomized, double-blind trial comparing vitamin D supplements (1,200 IU/day) with placebo for 1 year after operation was conducted. The primary and secondary outcomes were relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS), respectively. Prespecified subgroup analyses were performed with stratification by stage (early vs. advanced), pathology (adenocarcinoma vs. others), and 25(OH)D levels (low, &amp;lt;20 ng/mL vs. high, ≥20 ng/mL). Polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D–binding protein (DBP) and survival were also examined. Results: Patients with NSCLC (n = 155) were randomly assigned to receive vitamin D (n = 77) or placebo (n = 78) and followed for a median of 3.3 years. Relapse and death occurred in 40 (28%) and 24 (17%) patients, respectively. In the total study population, no significant difference in either RFS or OS was seen with vitamin D compared with the placebo group. However, by restricting the analysis to the subgroup with early-stage adenocarcinoma with low 25(OH)D, the vitamin D group showed significantly better 5-year RFS (86% vs. 50%, P = 0.04) and OS (91% vs. 48%, P = 0.02) than the placebo group. Among the examined polymorphisms, DBP1 (rs7041) TT and CDX2 (rs11568820) AA/AG genotypes were markers of better prognosis, even with multivariate adjustment. Conclusions: In patients with NSCLC, vitamin D supplementation may improve survival of patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma with lower 25(OH)D levels. Clin Cancer Res; 24(17); 4089–97. ©2018 AACR.
Long-term results of capicitabine application in metastatic breast cancer patients.
Authors: Liubov Yu Vladimirova, Oleg I Kit
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e11558 Background: Options available after the failure of anthracyclines and taxanes are very limited in BC patients. The long-term experience of Cap application brought us to analyse long-term results of the treatment in this patients. Methods: pts progressed after anthracyclines and taxanes were recruited in 2000-2010. Key elegibility criteria included measurable or nonmeasurable triple-negative MBC or locally recurrent disease, ECOG ≤2, no brain metastases. Cap was administered 1250 mg/ m² BID 1-14 days q3w. Treatment was continued until progression or unacceptable toxicity. A total of 266 courses were estimated. Endpoints include response rate, OS, PFS and safety. Results: 63 patients aged 30-80 years were recruited. 92% had infiltrative ductal carcinoma, triple negative. Time to disease progression was 2.5 mon.- 16 years(mean- 2.6 years). 22% (14) had one disease site: liver 5, lung 5, bones 3, lymphonodes 1. The rest 78% (49)had ≥2 disease sites: lung 32(50.8%), bones 30(47.6%), liver 33(52.3%), soft tissues 21(33.3%). Mean # of disease sites = 2.06. Overal RR was 63.5%(40) including 4 CR(6.3%), 6PR(9.5%) and 30SD(47.6%). Med OS= 9mo, Med PFS= 5 mo. For detailed survival analysis patients were devided into two groups: 1) with RR (40 pts); 2) without RR (23 pts). Med OS was 13 v 4 months (p=0.00004), Med PFS was 6 v 3months respectively(p=0.00016). 8 pts(12.7%) are alive till the abstract submission. Main hematological toxicity was leucopenia1/2 Gd-28.6%, neutropenia 1/2Gd.-26.3%, anemia 1/2 Gd.-19.9%, thrombocytopenia 1/2Gd.- 3.1% courses. Nonhematological toxicity included nausea 1/2 Gd.- 28.5%, vomiting 1/2Gd.- 12.5% and diarrhea 1/2 -16%, hand-foot syndrome 1/2 Gd.-16.9%, thrombophlebitis-3.8%, myalgia and ossalgia -15%, headache 3 Gd. prevented to continue Cap intake in 1 case(1.57%). No significant long-term toxicity was recorded. Conclusions: Cap has a satisfactory effect as well as controlled toxicity. The favorable long-term PFS and OS allow to use Cap in this heavily pretreated pts.
Performance of Dermatology Physician Assistants—Reply
Authors: Laura K. Ferris, Alyce M. Anderson, Martha Matsumoto
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Off-label Use of Medications
Authors: Karen Maschke
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
GP lead is struck off following conviction for sexual assaults on patients
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2018)

A long serving GP who was primary care lead for the Dudley Clinical Commissioning Group in Worcestershire has been struck off following his conviction for a string of sexual assaults on patients.

Jaswant Rathore, 61, was convicted at Wolverhampton Crown Court in January of eight offences of sexual assault and two of assault by penetration, involving digital penetration of the anus.1 The assaults involved four women patients …
Mumps Outbreaks at Four Universities — Indiana, 2016
Authors: Mugdha Golwalkar, Brian Pope, Jill Stauffer, Ali Snively, Nakia Clemmons
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

From February to April 2016, the Indiana State Department of Health (ISDH) confirmed mumps outbreaks at four universities (three public and one private). All universities were located within 65 miles of Indianapolis; however, epidemiologic links among outbreaks were limited. ISDH and local health departments investigated the outbreaks and initiated control measures at all universities. A protocol describing recommended testing for mumps, testing priorities during the outbreak, and a preauthorization process for submitting specimens to the ISDH Laboratory (ISDHL) was developed and disseminated to providers and public health partners (1). Outbreaks at each university were declared over after two incubation periods* elapsed without identified cases; the last outbreak ended September 10, 2016. Among the 281 confirmed and probable cases identified, 216 (76.9%) persons had documentation of presumptive evidence of immunity† (2). At some universities, documentation of receipt of 2 doses of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine (MMR), which is a criterion for evidence of immunity, was not available and required substantial personnel time to verify. Implementation of policies for excluding susceptible persons from classes and other group settings was also difficult. The laboratory testing protocol increased the percentage of specimens testing positive and improved case detection. Outbreak-specific laboratory testing guidance on specimen collection for mumps confirmation and standardized vaccination documentation in highly vaccinated settings could aid outbreak management. Evaluation of exclusion policies might also be necessary. In 2018, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) published a recommendation that persons previously vaccinated with 2 doses of MMR who are determined by public health authorities to be part of a group at increased risk for infection during a mumps outbreak receive a third dose of MMR (3).
American Cancer Society Guidelines for the Early Detection of Cancer, 2006
Authors: R. A. Smith, V. Cokkinides, H. J. Eyre
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2006)

Each January, the American Cancer Society (ACS) publishes a summary of its recommendations for early cancer detection, including guideline updates, emerging issues that are relevant to screening for cancer, and a summary of the most current data on cancer screening rates for US adults. In 2005, there were no updates to ACS guidelines. In this issue of the journal, we summarize the guidelines, discuss recent evidence and policy changes that have implications for cancer screening, and provide an update of the most recent data pertaining to participation rates in cancer screening by age, sex, and insurance status from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.