tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of the patient's age on radiotherapy-based adverse effect.
Authors: Yillar Okur, Birsen Yucel, Ebru Atasever Akkas, Mehmet Fuat Eren, Nalan Akgul Babacan, Turgut Kacan, Saadettin Kilickap
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e19575 Background: We aim to determine the acute side effects of radiotherapy and the contribution of age to side effect occurrence in patients treated with radiotherapy. Methods: The data of 346 patients having treatment at Cumhuriyet University Radiation Oncology Department in 2010 and 2011 were analyzed. The patients were evaluated according to Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) one a week after starting to radiotherapy. Results: There were 167 women (48%) and 179 men (52%). Two-hundred-forty-seven (71%) of the patients were under the age of 65, 99 (29) were above the age of 65. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance situation was 0, 1 and 2 in 278 (80%), 51 (15%) and 19 (5%) patients. Stage 1, 2, 3 and without metastasis stage 4 were found in 30 (9%), 105 (30%), 172 (50%) and 39 (11%) patients. Radiotherapy was applied to 55 head and neck regions (16%), 31 brains (9%), 86 breasts (25%), 30 thoraxes (9%), 52 abdomens (15%) and 90 pelvises (26%). Fifty-four patients (55%) of above the age of 65 received radiotherapy, 45 patients (45%) received chemoradiotherapy. One-hundred-twenty-six patients (51%) of under the age of 65, received radiotherapy and 121 patients (49%) received chemoradiotherapy. For all the patients, the ratio of radiotherapy dependent side effects was 89% (307). The verage time for occurrence was two weeks. When the treatment was over, the number of patients who lost more than five kg was 42 (12%). ECOG difference was seen in 70 (18%) patients. Twelve of them (4%) showed recovery in ECOG performance, 50 (16%) patients showed disruption. Seventy-nine patients (23%) had a interruption in treatment because of the side effects. The occurrence of dermal side effects was higher in the group of patients below the age of 65 and the occurrence of genitourinary side effects was higher in patients above the age of 65. Thedifferences for both of the side effects were statistically significant. Other side effects and time showed no difference between the patients under 65 and patients above 65. Conclusions: The age does not affect the acute side effects of radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, so that both groups can tolerate radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy.
Visual and semiquantitative 11C-methionine PET: an independent prognostic factor for survival of newly diagnosed and treatment-naïve gliomas
Authors: Nina Poetsch, Adelheid Woehrer, Johanna Gesperger, Julia Furtner, Alexander R Haug, Dorothee Wilhelm, Georg Widhalm, Georgios Karanikas, Michael Weber, Ivo Rausch, Markus Mitterhauser, Wolfgang Wadsak, Marcus Hacker, Matthias Preusser, Tatjana Traub-Weidinger
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Few data exist regarding the prognostic value of L-[S-methyl-11C]methionine (MET) PET for treatment-naïve gliomas.
Medicine’s Firsts
Authors: Lauren Rissman
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
ミニサークルの微細穿孔ベース非ウイルス遺伝子送達は損傷部位への間葉系幹細胞の標的化を改善した【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Mun Ji-Young, Shin Keun Koo, Kwon Ohsuk, Lim Yong Taik, Oh Doo-Byoung
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Clinically significant long-term maintenance treatment with olaparib in patients (pts) with platinum-sensitive relapsed serous ovarian cancer (PSR SOC).
Authors: Charlie Gourley, Michael Friedlander, Ursula A. Matulonis, Vadim Shirinkin, Frédéric Selle, Clare L. Scott, Tamar Safra, Anitra Fielding, Philip Rowe, Jonathan A. Ledermann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

5533 Background: In Study 19 (NCT00753545), a RCT in 265 pts with PSR SOC, the oral PARP inhibitor olaparib significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) vs placebo (PBO), with the greatest benefit seen in pts with a BRCA1/2 mutation ( BRCAm); an interim overall survival (OS) analysis suggested an advantage for olaparib-treated pts (DCO: Sep 30, 2015; Ledermann et al, 2016). We report a planned final analysis of the long-term benefit of olaparib in pts with PSR SOC in Study 19. Methods: Pts who had received ≥2 prior regimens of platinum-based chemotherapy and were in response to their most recent regimen received olaparib (400 mg bid; capsules) or PBO until disease progression. Retrospective germline or tumor testing resulted in a known BRCAm status for 254/265 pts (96%). Results: At final DCO (May 9, 2016) median OS follow-up was 78.0 months. A long-term treatment benefit and the final hazard ratio (HR) for OS vs PBO (unadjusted for crossover: 13% of PBO pts – full analysis set [FAS]; 23% of PBO pts – BRCAm subgroup) is shown (Table). Details of BRCAwt pts on treatment for ≥6 years will be presented. No new safety signals or changes in olaparib tolerability profile were seen. Conclusions: The Study 19 final analysis shows that olaparib provides clinically significant, long-term treatment benefit in pts with PSR SOC. A durable benefit was seen in ≥10% of BRCAm and BRCAwt pts, who continued to receive and benefit from olaparib for ≥6 years–unprecedented in the relapsed ovarian cancer setting. Olaparib is well tolerated in this pt population and the analysis suggests olaparib confers an OS benefit in BRCAm pts. Clinical trial information: NCT00753545. [Table: see text]
水和りん脂質ポリマーグラフト層で架橋したポリエチレンの脂質関連酸化的分解を防止する【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Kyomoto Masayuki, Moro Toru, Yamane Shihori, Takatori Yoshio, Tanaka Sakae, Ishihara Kazuhiko
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
Assessment of Remote Heart Rhythm Sampling Using the AliveCor Heart Monitor to Screen for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Julian P.J. Halcox, Kathie Wareham, Antonia Cardew, Mark Gilmore, James P. Barry, Ceri Phillips, Michael B. Gravenor
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Asymptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) is increasingly common in the aging population and implicated in many ischemic strokes. Earlier identification of AF with appropriate anticoagulation may decrease stroke morbidity and mortality.We conducted a randomized controlled trial of AF screening using an AliveCor Kardia monitor attached to a WiFi-enabled iPod to obtain ECGs (iECGs) in ambulatory patients. Patients ≥65 years of age with a CHADS-VASc score ≥2 free from AF were randomized to the iECG arm or routine care (RC). iECG participants acquired iECGs twice weekly over 12 months (plus additional iECGs if symptomatic) onto a secure study server with overread by an automated AF detection algorithm and by a cardiac physiologist and/or consultant cardiologist. Time to diagnosis of AF was the primary outcome measure. The overall cost of the devices, ECG interpretation, and patient management were captured and used to generate the cost per AF diagnosis in iECG patients. Clinical events and patient attitudes/experience were also evaluated.We studied 1001 patients (500 iECG, 501 RC) who were 72.6±5.4 years of age; 534 were female. Mean CHADS-VASc score was 3.0 (heart failure, 1.4%; hypertension, 54%; diabetes mellitus, 30%; prior stroke/transient ischemic attack, 6.5%; arterial disease, 15.9%; all CHADS-VASc risk factors were evenly distributed between groups). Nineteen patients in the iECG group were diagnosed with AF over the 12-month study period versus 5 in the RC arm (hazard ratio, 3.9; 95% confidence interval=1.4-10.4; P=0.007) at a cost per AF diagnosis of $10 780 (£8255). There was a similar number of stroke/transient ischemic attack/systemic embolic events (6 versus 10, iECG versus RC; hazard ratio=0.61; 95% confidence interval=0.22-1.69; P=0.34). The majority of iECG patients were satisfied with the device, finding it easy to use without restricting activities or causing anxiety.Screening with twice-weekly single-lead iECG with remote interpretation in ambulatory patients ≥65 years of age at increased risk of stroke is significantly more likely to identify incident AF than RC over a 12-month period. This approach is also highly acceptable to this group of patients, supporting further evaluation in an appropriately powered, event-driven clinical trial.URL: https://www.isrctn.com. Unique identifier: ISRCTN10709813.
Low-energy defibrillation with nanosecond electric shocks
Authors: Frency Varghese, Johanna U Neuber, Fei Xie, Jonathan M Philpott, Andrei G Pakhomov, Christian W Zemlin
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2017)

Reliable defibrillation with reduced energy deposition has long been the focus of defibrillation research. We studied the efficacy of single shocks of 300 ns duration in defibrillating rabbit hearts as well as the tissue damage they may cause.New Zealand white rabbit hearts were Langendorff-perfused and two planar electrodes were placed on either side of the heart. Shocks of 300 ns duration and 0.3-3 kV amplitude were generated with a transmission line generator. Single nanosecond shocks consistently induced waves of electrical activation, with a stimulation threshold of 0.9 kV (over 3 cm) and consistent activation for shock amplitudes of 1.2 kV or higher (9/9 successful attempts). We induced fibrillation (35 episodes in 12 hearts) and found that single shock nanosecond-defibrillation could consistently be achieved, with a defibrillation threshold of 2.3-2.4 kV (over 3 cm), and consistent success at 3 kV (11/11 successful attempts). Shocks uniformly depolarized the tissue, and the threshold energy needed for nanosecond defibrillation was almost an order of magnitude lower than the energy needed for defibrillation with a monophasic 10 ms shock delivered with the same electrode configuration. For the parameters studied here, nanosecond defibrillation caused no baseline shift of the transmembrane potential (that could be indicative of electroporative damage), no changes in action potential duration, and only a brief change of diastolic interval, for one beat after the shock was delivered. Histological staining with tetrazolium chloride and propidium iodide showed that effective defibrillation was not associated with tissue death or with detectable electroporation anywhere in the heart (six hearts).Nanosecond-defibrillation is a promising technology that may allow clinical defibrillation with profoundly reduced energies.
Quantity, Not Quality: Rapid Adaptation in a Polygenic Trait Proceeded Exclusively through Expression Differentiation
Authors: Mark J Margres, Kenneth P Wray, Alyssa T B Hassinger, Micaiah J Ward, James J McGivern, Emily Moriarty Lemmon, Alan R Lemmon, Darin R Rokyta
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2017)

A trait's genomic architecture can affect the rate and mechanism of adaptation, and although many ecologically-important traits are polygenic, most studies connecting genotype, phenotype, and fitness in natural populations have focused on traits with relatively simple genetic bases. To understand the genetic basis of polygenic adaptation, we must integrate genomics, phenotypic data, ecology, and fitness effects for a genetically tractable, polygenic trait; snake venoms provide such a system for studying polygenic adaptation because of their genetic tractability and vital ecological role in feeding and defense. We used a venom transcriptome-proteome map, quantitative proteomics, genomics, and fitness assays in sympatric prey to construct a genotype-phenotype-fitness map for the venoms of an island-mainland pair of rattlesnake populations. Reciprocal fitness experiments demonstrated that each population was locally adapted to sympatric prey. We identified significant expression differentiation with little to no coding-sequence variation across populations, demonstrating that expression differentiation was exclusively the genetic basis of polygenic adaptation. Previous research on the genetics of adaptation, however, has largely been biased toward investigating protein-coding regions because of the complexity of gene regulation. Our results showed that biases at the molecular level can be in the opposite direction, highlighting the need for more systematic comparisons of different molecular mechanisms underlying rapid, adaptive evolution in polygenic traits.
Impact of Cardiac Troponin Trend during Diagnostic Invasive Coronary Assessment
Authors: Sanuki Yoshinori, Sonoda Shinjo, Kitagawa Megumi, Takami Hironori, Kashiyama Kuninobu, Muraoka Yoshitaka, Tsuda Yuki, Araki Masaru, Otsuji Yutaka
Journal: Circulation (2016)
転移段階にある肺がんの分子的特徴づけはCD109‐Janusキナーゼ‐Stat軸が治療標的候補であることを示している
Authors: Chuang Chen‐Hua, Rogers Zoee N, Brady Jennifer J, Chiou Shin‐Heng, Winters Aidan F, Gruener Barbara M, Ramaswami Gokul, LI Jin Billy, Kundaje Anshul, Winslow Monte M, Greenside Peyton G, Yang Dian, Caswell Deborah R, Spencley Andrew L, Sweet‐Cordero E Alejandro, Kopecky Kimberly E, Sayles Leanne C
Journal: Nature Medicine (2017)
AB0455 Survival of prednisone-free remission in sle patients with serologically active clinical quiescent disease
Authors: L Nalotto, F Ometto, M Zen, L Iaccarino, M Gatto, M Larosa, A Doria
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate survival of prednisone (PDN) – free remission in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and to investigate the potential predictors of disease flares. <h3>Methods</h3> Inclusion criteria were: (1) Diagnosis of SLE according to American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Classification Criteria of SLE; (2) Caucasian ethnicity; (3) Clinical remission (clinical SLEDAI-2K=0) at the time of PDN-withdrawal; (4) Stop of PDN treatment between 2010 and 2016; (5) At least two visits per year between January 2010 and April 2016. Disease activity was assessed according to SLE Disease Activity Index-2000 (SLEDAI-2K). Damage was measured by the SLICC/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SDI). Flares were defined according to Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment (SELENA)-SLEDAI criteria. We evaluated whether gender, age, age at PDN-stop, disease duration, duration of corticosteroid therapy, duration of remission before PDN withdrawal, time to flare, SLICC/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SDI) – score &gt;3, positive anti-dsDNA antibodies (abs) and-or low C3/C4, type of SLE-involvement and concomitant immunosuppressive treatment could be predictors of flare. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was run to investigate the predictors of flare. Covariates included in the analysis were all variables reaching p&lt;0.20 in the univariate analyses. <h3>Results</h3> Among 400 patients evaluated, 104 (26%) fulfilled inclusion criteria. Baseline characteristics are reported in table 1. Twenty-two (21.2%) patients flared. Mean time to flare was 19.91±13.14 months. Types of flare were 7 renal, 7 articular, 4 cutaneous, 2 haematological, 1 serositic and 1 neurological. Variables included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis were: positive anti-dsDNA abs and-or low C3/C4, skin, articular and haematological involvement. Skin involvement resulted predictive of flare (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.11–8.53, P 0.031) as reported in table 2. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In SLE patients who stopped corticosteroid therapy, previous skin involvement resulted to be a predictor of disease flare. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Risk of Febrile Neutropenia Associated With Select Myelosuppressive Chemotherapy Regimens in a Large Community-Based Oncology Practice
Authors: Yanli Li, Leila Family, Su-Jau Yang, Zandra Klippel, John H. Page, Chun Chao
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2017)

Background: NCCN has classified commonly used chemotherapy regimens into high (>20%), intermediate (10%-20%), or low (<10%) febrile neutropenia (FN) risk categories based primarily on clinical trial evidence. Many chemotherapy regimens, however, remain unclassified by NCCN or lack FN incidence data in real-world clinical practice. Patients and Methods: We evaluated incidence proportions of FN and grade 4 and 3/4 neutropenia during the first chemotherapy course among patients from Kaiser Permanente Southern California who received selected chemotherapy regimens without well-established FN risk. Patients given granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) prophylaxis were excluded. Sensitivity analyses were performed to account for FN misclassification and censoring. Results: From 2008 to 2013, 1,312 patients with breast cancer who received docetaxel and cyclophosphamide (TC; n=853) or docetaxel, carboplatin, and trastuzumab (TCH; n=459); 1,321 patients with colorectal cancer who received capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX; n=401) or leucovorin, 5-fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX6; n=920); 307 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who received bendamustine with or without rituximab; and 181 patients with multiple myeloma who received lenalidomide with or without dexamethasone were included. Crude FN risk was >20% for both breast cancer regimens (TC and TCH). Crude FN risks for XELOX, FOLFOX6, bendamustine, and lenalidomide were <10%; however, when potential FN misclassification and censoring were considered, FN risks were >10%. Conclusions: Our results support published literature highlighting the real-world, "high" FN risk of the TC and TCH regimens for breast cancer. There is strong suggestive evidence that FN risks for XELOX, FOLFOX6, bendamustine, and lenalidomide are >10%. Calculation of chemotherapy course-level FN incidence without controlling for differential censoring for patients who discontinued regimens early, or possible FN misclassification, might have resulted in bias toward an underestimation of the true FN risk. These findings help define FN risk of the selected regimens in the real-world setting and inform prophylactic G-CSF use.
Abstract 42: In Vivo Differentiation of Epigenetically Reprogrammed Human Endothelial Progenitor Cells into Cardiomyocytes Enhances Functional and Anatomical Postinfarct Myocardial Repair
Authors: Melissa A Thal, Prasanna Krishnamurthy, Alexander R Mackie, Eneda Hoxha, Erin Lambers, Suresh Verma, Veronica Ramirez, Raj Kishore
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

Currently, bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cells (human CD34+ cells, EPC) are being used clinically to improve vascularization in patients with ischemic heart disease. While it is generally accepted that CD34+ cells predominantly work through a paracrine mechanism, there exists no convincing evidence that these cells trans-differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes (CMC). Since ischemic heart disease leads to substantial loss of CMC, improving cardiomyogenic plasticity of an existing autologous cell therapy is of obvious import. EPC and CMC both differentiate from a common mesodermal progenitor however; during EC-specific lineage differentiation, CMC specific genes are epigenetically silenced. We hypothesized that reprogramming of CD34+ cells using small molecules targeting key epigenetic repressive marks may recapitulate their cardiomyogenic potential. Human CD34+ EPCs were treated with inhibitors of histone deacetylases (valproic acid) for 24 hours followed by an additional 24 hours with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (5-Azacytidine). This forty-eight hour treatment led to the reactivation of pluripotency associated and CMC specific mRNA expression while EC specific gene expression was maintained. Intra-myocardial transplantation of a sub-therapeutic dose of reprogrammed CD34+ cells in an acute myocardial infarction mouse model showed significant improvement in LV function compared to the same number of control CD34+ cells that are therapeutically equivalent to no treatment at all. This was histologically supported by de novo CMC differentiation. In addition to increased cardiomyogenic plasticity, drug treatment also enhanced the inherent therapeutic capacity of the CD34+ cells as shown by reduced fibrosis, increased capillary density, increased proliferation, increased cell survival and increased secretion of angiogenic factors. Taken together, our results suggest that epigenetically reprogrammed CD34+ cells are “super-CD34+ cells” that have an enhanced paracrine effect, display a more plastic phenotype and improve post-infarct cardiac repair by both neo-cardiomyogenesis and neovascularization.
Treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma by topical photodynamic therapy with fractionated 5-aminolaevulinic acid 20% vs. two-stage topical methyl aminolaevulinate: results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: J.P.H.M. Kessels, H. Kreukels, P.J. Nelemans, M.H. Roozeboom, H. van Pelt, K. Mosterd, E.R.M. de Haas, N.W.J. Kelleners-Smeets
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer and incidence rates are increasing. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a frequently used treatment, especially for superficial BCC (sBCC). Two topical photosensitizing agents are currently used to treat sBCC, namely 5‐aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) and its ester, methyl aminolaevulinate (MAL). Previous research showed a high efficacy for ALA‐PDT using a twofold fractionated illumination scheme in which two light fractions of 20 J cm−2 and 80 J cm−2 were delivered 4 h and 6 h after ALA application. To evaluate whether twofold ALA‐PDT is superior to conventional MAL‐PDT for sBCC. We performed a single‐blind, randomized, multicentre trial in the Netherlands. Overall, 162 patients were randomized either to conventional MAL‐PDT or twofold ALA‐PDT. After 12 months, a total of six treatment failures occurred following ALA‐PDT and 13 treatment failures occurred following MAL‐PDT. The 12‐month cumulative probability of remaining free from treatment failure was 92·3% [95% confidence interval (CI) (83·7–96·5)] for ALA‐PDT and 83·4% (95% CI 73·1–90·0) for MAL‐PDT (P = 0·091). The twofold ALA‐PDT scheme resulted in fewer recurrences, although the difference between both treatment groups was not statistically significant. However, ALA‐PDT resulted in higher pain scores and more post‐treatment side‐effects compared with MAL‐PDT.
Atezolizumab in platinum-treated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: post-progression outcomes from the phase II IMvigor210 study
Authors: A. Necchi, R.W. Joseph, Y. Loriot, J. Hoffman-Censits, J.L. Perez-Gracia, D.P. Petrylak, C.L. Derleth, D. Tayama, Q. Zhu, B. Ding, C. Kaiser, J.E. Rosenberg
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
網膜インプラントのためのカーボンナノチューブ電極:時間上の構造的および機能的統合の研究【Powered by NICT】
Authors: G Eleftheriou Cyril, B Zimmermann Jonas, D Kjeldsen Henrik, David-Pur Moshe, Hanein Yael, Sernagor Evelyne
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
Hyperplastic and Neoplastic Lesions the Stomach In Mice
Authors: Harold L. Stewart
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1941)

Journal Article Hyperplastic and Neoplastic Lesions the Stomach In Mice Get access Harold L. Stewart Harold L. Stewart senior pathologist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 1, Issue 4, February 1941, Pages 489–509, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/1.4.489 Published: 01 February 1941