tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long‐term outcome of a moderately hypofractionated, intensity‐modulated radiotherapy approach using an endorectal balloon for patients with localized prostate cancer
Authors: Bin S. Teh, Gary D. Lewis, Weiyuan Mai, Ramiro Pino, Hiromichi Ishiyama, Edward Brian Butler
Journal: Cancer Communications (2018)

Abstract Background Technical advances in radiotherapy delivery have simultaneously enabled dose escalation and enhanced bladder and rectal sparing. However, the optimal radiation fractionation regimen for localized prostate cancer is unclear. Laboratory and clinical evidence suggest that hypofractionation may improve the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy. We report our institutional outcomes using moderately hypofractionated, intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), and an endorectal balloon, with emphasis on long‐term biochemical control and treatment‐related adverse events in patients with localized prostate cancer. Methods Between January 1997 and April 2004, 596 patients with cT1–T3 prostate cancer underwent IMRT using a moderate hypofractionation regimen (76.70 Gy at 2.19 Gy/fraction) with an endorectal balloon. Using D'Amico classification, 226 (37.9%), 264 (44.3%), and 106 (17.8%) patients had low‐, intermediate‐, or high‐risk disease, respectively. The majority of intermediate‐ and high‐risk patients received androgen deprivation therapy. Biochemical relapse‐free survival (bRFS) was evaluated using 2005 Phoenix criteria and estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results The median follow‐up was 62 months. Overall 5‐ and 10‐year bRFS rates were 92.7% and 87.7%. For low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk patients, the 5‐year bRFS rates were 96.9%, 93.3%, and 82.0%, respectively; the 10‐year bRFS rates were 91.4%, 89.3%, and 76.2%, respectively. Prostate‐specific antigen, Gleason score, and T stage were significant predictors of bRFS (all P &lt; 0.01). The 5‐year rates of severe (≥ Grade 3) adverse events were very low: 1.2% for gastrointestinal events and 1.1% for genitourinary events. Conclusions Long‐term outcomes after moderately hypofractionated IMRT are encouraging. Moderate hypofractionation represents a safe, efficacious, alternative regimen in the treatment of localized prostate cancer.
Tests for diagnosing and monitoring non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults
Authors: Christopher D Byrne, Janisha Patel, Eleonora Scorletti, Giovanni Targher
Journal: BMJ (2018)

At a routine health check arranged by his company, a 52 year-old sedentary male computer programmer was found to have a serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentration of 68 IU/L (normal 0-40 IU/L), and a triglyceride concentration of 1.9 mmol/L.His fasting plasma glucose levels were 5.8 mmol/L and other basic liver, renal and lipid blood tests were normal.He had an unremarkable medical history and took no regular medications, did not smoke and consumed <7 units of alcohol/week.Clinical examination was unremarkable.His body mass index was 29 kg/m 2 ; waist circumference 102 cm and blood pressure 134/88 mmHg. What is the next investigation?His general practitioner requested a liver ultrasonography (confirming the presence of hepatic steatosis) and a repeat serum ALT measurement was 62 IU/L.Other blood tests (including serology for hepatitis B and C viruses, liver auto-antibodies and ferritin) excluded other causes of liver dysfunction.The patient is likely to have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Box 1 describes how patients with NAFLD usually present.When LFTs (e.g.serum aminotransferases such as serum ALT levels) are increased (above the laboratory recommendation for the upper limit of normal), patients should be further investigated to diagnose (or exclude) NAFLD.Figure 1 illustrates a potential investigative pathway for diagnosing NAFLD and for identifying other common causes of chronic liver disease.When patients have any of the common cardiometabolic risk factors shown in Box 2 plus abnormal LFTs, it is likely the diagnosis is NAFLD (in the absence of other risk factors for liver disease shown in Box 3).
Multi-modal characterization of vasculature and nanoparticle accumulation in five tumor xenograft models
Authors: Einar Sulheim, Jana Kim, Annemieke van Wamel, Eugene Kim, Sofie Snipstad, Igor Vidic, Ingeborg Hovde Grimstad, Marius Widerøe, Sverre H. Torp, Steinar Lundgren, David J. Waxman, Catharina de Lange Davies
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2018)
Apocarotenoids: Emerging Roles in Mammals
Authors: Earl H. Harrison, Loredana Quadro
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (2018)

Apocarotenoids are cleavage products of C40 isoprenoid pigments, named carotenoids, synthesized exclusively by plants and microorganisms. The colors of flowers and fruits and the photosynthetic process are examples of the biological properties conferred by carotenoids to these organisms. Mammals do not synthesize carotenoids but obtain them from foods of plant origin. Apocarotenoids are generated upon enzymatic and nonenzymatic cleavage of the parent compounds both in plants and in the tissues of mammals that have ingested carotenoid-containing foods. The best-characterized apocarotenoids are retinoids (vitamin A and its derivatives), generated upon central oxidative cleavage of provitamin A carotenoids, mainly β-carotene. In addition to the well-known biological actions of vitamin A, it is becoming apparent that nonretinoid apocarotenoids also have the potential to regulate a broad spectrum of critical cellular functions, thus influencing mammalian health. This review discusses the current knowledge about the generation and biological activities of nonretinoid apocarotenoids in mammals.
Impact of HCV viral load on elbasvir/grazoprevir effectiveness in Chronic Hepatitis C: Updated retrospective data analyses from the Trio network
Authors: S. Flamm, B. Bacon, M. Curry, S. Milligan, C. Nwankwo, N. Tsai, N. Wick, Z. Younossi, N. Afdhal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Intestinal Absorption of Fructose
Authors: Ronaldo P. Ferraris, Jun-yong Choe, Chirag R. Patel
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (2018)

Increased understanding of fructose metabolism, which begins with uptake via the intestine, is important because fructose now constitutes a physiologically significant portion of human diets and is associated with increased incidence of certain cancers and metabolic diseases. New insights in our knowledge of intestinal fructose absorption mediated by the facilitative glucose transporter GLUT5 in the apical membrane and by GLUT2 in the basolateral membrane are reviewed. We begin with studies related to structure as well as ligand binding, then revisit the controversial proposition that apical GLUT2 is the main mediator of intestinal fructose absorption. The review then describes how dietary fructose may be sensed by intestinal cells to affect the expression and activity of transporters and fructolytic enzymes, to interact with the transport of certain minerals and electrolytes, and to regulate portal and peripheral fructosemia and glycemia. Finally, it discusses the potential contributions of dietary fructose to gastrointestinal diseases and to the gut microbiome.
TCTAP A-125 Mechanical and Pharmacological Revascularization Strategies for Prevention of Microvascular Dysfunction in ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Analysis from Index of Microcirculatory Resistance Registry Data
Authors: Ji-Hun Jang, Jin-Hee Park, Kyu-Yong Ko, Manjong Lee, Yong-Soo Baek, Sung Woo Kwon, Sung-Hee Shin, Seong-Ill Woo, Dae-Hyeok Kim, Jun Kwan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
A Novel Method for Rapid Bedside Measurement of GFR
Authors: Dana V. Rizk, Daniel Meier, Ruben M. Sandoval, Teresa Chacana, Erinn S. Reilly, Jesse C. Seegmiller, Emmanuel DeNoia, James S. Strickland, Joseph Muldoon, Bruce A. Molitoris
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2018)

Background Direct quantitative measurement of GFR (mGFR) remains a specialized task primarily performed in research settings. Multiple formulas for estimating GFR have been developed that use the readily available endogenous biomarkers creatinine and/or cystatin C. However, eGFR formulas have limitations, and an accurate mGFR is necessary in some clinical situations and for certain patient populations. We conducted a prospective, open-label study to evaluate a novel rapid technique for determining plasma volume and mGFR. Methods We developed a new exogenous biomarker, visible fluorescent injectate (VFI), consisting of a large 150-kD rhodamine derivative and small 5-kD fluorescein carboxymethylated dextrans. After a single intravenous injection of VFI, plasma volume and mGFR can be determined on the basis of the plasma pharmacokinetics of the rhodamine derivative and fluorescein carboxymethylated dextrans, respectively. In this study involving 32 adults with normal kidney function ( n =16), CKD stage 3 ( n =8), or CKD stage 4 ( n =8), we compared VFI-based mGFR values with values obtained by measuring iohexol plasma disappearance. VFI-based mGFR required three 0.5-ml blood draws over 3 hours; iohexol-based mGFR required five samples taken over 6 hours. Eight healthy participants received repeat VFI injections at 24 hours. Results VFI-based mGFR values showed close linear correlation with the iohexol-based mGFR values in all participants. Injections were well tolerated, including when given on consecutive days. No serious adverse events were reported. VFI-based mGFR was highly reproducible. Conclusions The VFI-based approach allows for the rapid determination of mGFR at the bedside while maintaining patient safety and measurement accuracy and reproducibility.
Aortic Valve Surgery After Recent Stroke
Authors: Michael T. Mullen, Steven R. Messé
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
P352A role for p130Cas in venous sprouting and lymphangiogenesis in the zebrafish
Authors: LAURA Wisniewski, SAMUEL Davis, NICOLA Lockwood, JAMES Mcginty, PAUL French, PAUL Frankel
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2018)

increased level of immature platelets in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) associated with adverse ischemic outcomes.The mechanisms involved in the regulation of platelet turnover per se remain discussible.The impact of mandatory pharmacological platelet suppression as a cornerstone of antithrombotic therapy of ACS on platelet turnover is poorly understood.Purpose: of the study was to investigate associations between platelet turnover parameters, thrombopoietin (TPO), stromal cell derived factor 1 (SDF1) and myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene (MPL) in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), furthermore to characterize key regulatory mechanisms of platelet turnover in STEMI as potential pharmacological target.Methods: We report preliminary results of the on-going study.40 male patients with STEMI were enrolled, and stratified into two groups according to clinical presentation and short-term risk scores.Mean platelet volume (MPV) and MPV to platelet count ratio were used as a surrogate marker of platelet turnover.TPO, SDF1 and MPL were chosen to characterize platelet turnover regulation, and were serially (0-1-7 days) measured with commercially available ELISA kits.Time delays, and rate characteristics were calculated from TPO, SDF1 and MPL time functions.Results: Among already involved patients 37.5% were hemodynamically unstable, with elevated short-term risk of adverse outcomes, and suffered from early MI complications (group 1).The patients of the group 2 were comparatively but insignificantly (p ¼ 0.354) younger, less likely to be a current smoker.Neither platelet count (p ¼ 0.814), nor MPL (0.585), nor their ratio (0.865) were significantly different between the compared groups.Initial levels of TPO were significantly increased in group 1: 331.82 (207.04;477.08) vs 209.06 (153.32;298.91) pg/mL, p ¼ 0.044.Within 7 days TPO levels decreased in both groups with poor and better prognosis, but the mean rate was maximal in unstable patients: 7.5 vs 0.44 pg/mL*day.We detected noticeable negative correlation between TPO, SDF1 levels and MPL (Spearman R -0.437 . . .-0.586, p < 0.05) more substantial in patients with better prognosis: Spearman R -0.614 vs -0.586, p ¼ 0.012.Longer delays in TPO, SDF1 and MPL kinetics were revealed in patients with poor prognosis.Conclusion: In patients with STEMI, thrombopoietin and stromal cell derived factor 1 were inversely associated with platelet turnover parameters.In hemodynamically unstable patients with elevated short-term risk of adverse outcomes, kinetics of key regulators of platelet turnover were characterized by maximal rates and delays.Our findings suggest presence of an alternative regulator of platelet turnover associated with clinically severe course of STEMI.
Ablation of Interleukin-4 Receptor alpha in macrophages ameliorated steatohepatitis and fibrosis in murine model of non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
Authors: M. Ashfaq-Khan, M. Aslam, M. Senkowski, M. Nick, S.Y. Weng, D. Schuppan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Treatment efficacy and safety of seladelpar, a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta agonist, in primary biliary cholangitis patients: 12- and 26-week analysis from an ongoing international, randomized, dose raging phase 2 study
Authors: G. Hirschfield, P. Boudes, C. Bowlus, N. Gitlin, G. Michael, S. Harrison, S.C. Gordon, R. Aspinall, Y. Doerffel, A.E. Kremer, D. Sheridan, B. Bacon, C. Berg, B. Borg, T. Hassanein, J. Odin, M. Shiffman, P.J. Thuluvath, D. Thorburn, D. Bernstein, P. Buggisch, L. Corless, C. Levy, M.J. Mayo, M.G. Swain, J. Vierling, M.-A. Wörns, A.(S.) Steinberg, S. Bergheanu, Y.-J. Choi, M. Varga, R. Martin, C. Mcwherter, D. Jones
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Combination of the Lille model with baseline scores is useful to predict mortality in severe alcoholic hepatitis: a confirmation study in a large database of patients
Authors: A. Louvet, J. Labreuche, M. Thursz, D.J. Kim, S. Atkinson, S. Sidhu, J. O’grady, E. Akriviadis, E. Sinakos, R. Carithers, M.-J. Ramond, W.C. Maddrey, T. Morgan, A. Duhamel, P. Mathurin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
New Statistical Editor—February 2018
Authors: Melina R. Kibbe
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Protective effect of cannabis and coffee consumption on HCV-related mortality in French HIV-HCV co-infected patients (ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH cohort)
Authors: C. Protopopescu, M.E. Santos, P. Sogni, F. Marcellin, L. Esterle, L. Wittkop, E. Rosenthal, P. Morlat, P. Roux, W.N. de Araújo, D. Salmon-Céron, M.P. Carrieri
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
P570Pharmacological activation of nuclear receptor Nur77 decreases endothelial cell dysfunction and reduces experimental pulmonary hypertension
Authors: K B Kurakula, X Sun, C Happe, M J Goumans, H J Bogaard
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2018)

phosphorylation on the inhibitory Ser377 in response to inflammatory stimuli.Endothelial cell-specific CSE deletion reduced H2S bioavailability by 70%, increased 5-fold L-cystathionine circulating levels and resulted in endothelial cell dysfunction in murine aortas, elevated monocyte adhesion and accelerated atherosclerosis.Overall, reduced H2S bioavailability in the murine and human vascular wall resulted in the loss of sulfhydration of the RNA binding protein HuR, which potentiated the homodimerization of HuR and its capacity to bind to the 3' UTR of its targets CD62E and CTSS.Conclusion: H2S produced by CSE, constitutively S-sulfhydrates HuR to inhibit its activity and limit the expression of its pro-atherogenic protein targets.L-cystathionine may serve as a biomarker of endothelial cell dysfunction and a prognostic marker of CSE activity and atherosclerosis development. P565Vascular endothelial cells exposed to oxidized HDL increases LOX-1 destination at the plasma membrane through a mechanism involving ROS/NOX/NF-kB/LOX-1 pathway
P97Cardioprotection during cardiac surgery: impact of temperature of cardioplegic solution on microRNA profile in a pig model of cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: A Kiss, D Santer, A Kramer, S Hallstrom, H Fallouh, M Hackl, S Skalicky, D Chambers, B K Podesser
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2018)

Background: Data on the use of warm or cold cardioplegia solutions to achieve protection during cardiac surgery are controversial.There is substantial evidence that numbers of microRNAs (miRNAs) have either deleterious or protective effect in setting of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (IR).The present study was aimed to clarify 1) the impact of warm blood or cold blood cardioplegia solutions on the expression of microRNAs in left ventricle tissue sample in a relevant model of human cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in pigs.Methods: Adult pigs were anesthetized (mean body weight 5262 kg) and monitored for baseline hemodynamic function.Hearts were arrested by antegrade administration of St. Thomas' blood cardioplegia (cold: 4 C, n¼6 vs. warm: 37 C, n¼6) for 60 min of ischemia followed by 60 min of on-pump reperfusion.Hemodynamic functions were monitored for further 90 min of reperfusion.Left ventricular (LV) tissue samples were taken for the assessment of microRNA expression profiling using next-generation sequencing technology and pathways enrichment analysis was performed using DIANA-miRPath.Results: The warm group showed improved systolic left ventricular pressure (p<0.05) and reduced wedge pressure during reperfusion (p<0.01).CK-MB levels were lower in the warm group (p<0.01).Overall 238 miRNAs were detected in all samples with a minimum read count of 1 Tags per million (TPM, expression level).Principal component analysis suggested that miRNAs expression was primarily influenced by the temperature of cardioplegia solution.The following microRNAs showed significant difference between groups; miR-451, miR-144, miR-146b, miR-9-1, miR-455 and miR-503.Interestingly, microRNAs having cardioprotective effects such as miR-144, miR-451 showed higher expression in the warm cardioplegia group in comparison to cold (miR-144: 5706153 vs 3106213 TPM, and miR-451: 13956493 vs 4536199 TPM; P<0.05, respectively).According to the hallmark of IR, the most relevant KEGG-pathways revealed by enrichment analysis were Hippo -and TGF-b signalling pathways, which were previously found to be differentially regulated in setting of myocardial IR-injury.Conclusion: Regulation of miRNA expression in myocardial tissue samples is primarily influenced by the temperature of cardioplegia solutions following IR.Of importance, improved hemodynamic function and reduction of IR-injury are associated with the elevation of cardioprotective miRNAs expression after warm cardioplegic arrest.
Longitudinal analysis of HCV full genomes in patients failing NS5A inhibitors reveals the selection of novel amino acid substitutions outside NS5A
Authors: S. Fourati, C. Rodriguez, A. Soulier, L. Poiteau, D. Vanessa, I. Ruiz, C. Hezode, S. Chevaliez, J.-M. Pawlotsky
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Design and cost effectiveness of a hepatitis C virus elimination strategy based on an updated epidemiological study (ETHON cohort)
Authors: A. Cuadrado, C. Perello, S. Llerena, D. Escudero-García, M. Gómez, Á. Estébanez, L. Puchades, M. Serra, L. Rodríguez, J.C. Gonzalez, J.L.C. Panero, J. Crespo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Generic sofosbuvir-based interferon-free direct acting antiviral agents for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a real-world multicenter observational study
Authors: C.-H. Liu, S.-S. Yang, S.-S. Yang, H.-Y. Sun, C.-J. Liu, W.-C. Liu, T.-H. Su, H.-C. Yang, C.-M. Hong, T.-C. Tseng, P.-J. Chen, D.-S. Chen, C.-C. Hung, J.-H. Kao
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Electrohydraulic lithotripsy for pancreatic duct stones under temporary 6-mm fully covered metal stent placement
Authors: Takeshi Ogura, Atsushi Okuda, Akira Miyano, Nobu Nishioka, Kazuhide Higuchi
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Pancreatic duct stones (PDSs) can be treated by electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) under endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) guidance [1] [2]. The availability of the digital single-operator cholangioscope (SpyGlass DS; Boston Scientific, Natick, Massachusetts, USA) [3] [4] allows EHL to be more easily performed. However, if patients’ conditions are complicated by main pancreatic duct (MPD) stenosis, EHL for PDSs under pancreatoscopy guidance may be challenging. Herein, we describe some technical tips for the use of EHL to treat a PDS with placement of a temporary 6-mm fully covered self-expandable metal stent (FCSEMS).
Scabies and Pruritus—A Historical Review
Authors: Charles J. Puza, Visakha Suresh
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal