tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
And Then Came the PACS
Authors: Joseph Henry Hise
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
We Need Qualitative Progress to Address the Food–Biodiversity Nexus: A Reply to Seppelt et al.
Authors: Joern Fischer, David J. Abson, Arvid Bergsten, Neil French Collier, Ine Dorresteijn, Jan Hanspach, Kristoffer Hylander, Jannik Schultner, Feyera Senbeta
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2017)
Blood eosinophil count and exacerbation risk in patients with COPD
Authors: Marjan Kerkhof, Samatha Sonnappa, Dirkje S. Postma, Guy Brusselle, Alvar Agustí, Antonio Anzueto, Rupert Jones, Alberto Papi, Ian Pavord, Emilio Pizzichini, Todor Popov, Nicolas Roche, Dermot Ryan, Mike Thomas, Claus Vogelmeier, Alison Chisholm, Daryl Freeman, Mona Bafadhel, Elizabeth V. Hillyer, David B. Price
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are major contributors to worsening lung function, impaired quality of life, emergency healthcare use and COPD-related mortality. COPD exacerbations are heterogeneous in terms of airway inflammation and aetiology. About 60% of COPD patients have blood eosinophil counts of ≥2%, which appears to be associated with an increased risk of exacerbations [1–3]. However, the association between blood eosinophil counts at stable disease and COPD exacerbations in the subsequent year is incompletely understood. Blood eosinophil count may serve as a biomarker of exacerbation risk in subgroups of patients with COPD <http://ow.ly/6tm530cEAeO>
Early Detection of Isohemagglutinin From Donor Lymphocytes Has Impact On Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease After Minor ABO-Incompatible Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.
Authors: Izumi Kamiya, Takuya Yamashita, Kyoko Haraguchi, Taku Kikuchi, Ryo Hanajiri, Shihoko Wakabayashi, Kenichi Taoka, Takeshi Kobayashi, Kazuteru Ohashi, Hisashi Sakamaki, Yoshiki Okuyama, Hideki Akiyama
Journal: Blood (2009)
Phase I Trial of CCL21 Gene Modified Dendritic Cells in Lung Cancer Elicits Immune Responses
Authors: J.M. Lee, E.B. Garon, J.W. Goldman, F. Abtin, R. Suh, W.D. Wallace, G. Zeng, D.A. Elashoff, S. Sharma, S.M. Dubinett
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Growth modulation index and RECIST-based STBSG-EORTC criteria for the assessment of drug activity in advanced soft tissue sarcoma (ASTS) patients (pts).
Authors: Sophie Cousin, Jean-Yves Blay, François Bertucci, Nicolas Isambert, Antoine Italiano, Emmanuelle Bompas, Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Delphine Perrot, Binh Bui Nguyen, Marie Chaix, Loic Chaigneau, Nadege Corradini, Nicolas Penel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

10014 Background: Despite promising phase II trial results, most of new drugs failed to improve the overall survival (OS) in ASTS pts. The choice of the endpoint in early trials remains crucial. We have evaluated the Growth Modulation Index (GMI) as potential endpoint. The GMI is defined as the Time To Progression with the second (or n+1) line of chemotherapy (TTP2) divided by the TTP with the first (or n) line (TTP1). Methods: We have carried out a retrospective multicenter study in pts receiving second-line chemotherapy after failure/intolerance to doxorubicin-based regimens. Data collected included best response(s), TTP1 &amp; TTP2 and OS. Treatments have been classified as "active" treatment according to the EORTC- STBSG criteria (3-month Progression-free rate &gt;40% or 6-month PFR&gt;14%: including trabectedin, ifosfamide, gemcitabine+docetaxel for all subtypes and weekly paclitaxel for angiosarcoma) versus non-active drugs. Comparisons used chi-2 tests and Log-rank tests. We performed a logistic regression analysis for identifying factors associated with longer GMI. Results: The study population consisted in 106 men and 121 women, the median age was 57 years. 110 pts (48.4%) have received "active drugs". The median TTP1, TTP2 and GMI were 197 days, 134 days and 0.75, respectively. The median OS was 446 days. 70 pts experienced GMI&gt;1.33 (30.6%). There was a strong relation between best objective response and GMI (p&lt;0.0001). The treatment with "active drug" was not associated with an improvement of the OS: 490 days 407 versus days (p=0.524). The median OS of pts with GMI&lt;1, GMI=[1.00-1.33] and GMI&gt;1.33 were 324, 302 and 710 days, respectively (p&lt;0.0001). None of the following factors were associated with GMI&gt;1.33 in logistic regression analysis: age, gender, histological subtypes, grade, metastasis locations, interval between diagnosis &amp; metastasis, association with ifosfamide or dacarbazine in 1st-line regimen or treatment with "active drug" in second-line. Conclusions: GMI seems to be an interesting endpoint providing additional information compared to classical criteria. GMI&gt;1.33 is associated with significant improvement of the OS.
ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY: IDENTIFYING INFORMATION SOURCES AND LEVEL OF RISK FACTOR RECOGNITION AMONG THE GENERAL PUBLIC
Authors: Yasuharu Nagano, Yako-Suketomo Hiroko, Natsui Hiroaki
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background To prevent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, knowledge regarding risk factors and prevention methods must be disseminated to the public. However, it is unclear how the general population obtains information about or recognizes risk factors for ACL injuries. Objective To identify the information sources and risk factor recognition level for ACL injury among the general public. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Web-based survey. Patients (or Participants) 900 people who recognized “ACL injury”. The age and sex of participants were evenly distributed. Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors) Participants answered questions regarding their information sources and risk factors influencing ACL injury. Main Outcome Measurements Descriptive analyses of patient responses were performed, with each response characterized by percentage of participants and the 95% confidence interval (CI). Results As an information source, “television” was the most frequent (57.0% [53.8–60.2]). Other information sources were “injury of friends” (22.4% [19.7–25.2]), “coach” (16.6％ [14.1–19.0]), “internet” (16.3% [13.9–18.7]) and “newspaper” (9.3% [7.4–11.2]). Regarding risk factors of ACL injuries, the most frequent response was “increased weight” (80.3% [77.7–82.9]). “Knee valgus” and “knee varus” during landing were both considered risk factors (63.3% [60.2–66.5] and 62.9% [59.7–66.0], respectively). Additionally, decreased muscle strength of quadriceps and hamstrings were both recognized as risk factors (69.2% [66.2–72.2] and 68.9% [65.9–71.9], respectively). Conclusions Television, specifically news of an athlete's injury, was the most frequent information source for ACL injury. Although knee valgus during landing and decreased muscle strength of the hamstrings are considered risk factors for ACL injury, this is not understood properly by the general public. It is clear that better education about risk factors and prevention methods for ACL injuries through media, such as television, is required.
Association Between Administration of Ticagrelor and Microvascular Endothelial Function
Authors: Shahar Lavi, Mistre Alemayehu, Klajdi Puka, Sabrina Wall, Ronit Lavi
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2017)

This clinical trial assesses ticagrelor administration and endothelial function and arterial stiffness in patients with coronary artery disease.
GRAPPA-OMERACT initiative to standardise outcomes in psoriatic arthritis clinical trials and longitudinal observational studies
Authors: William Tillett, Ana-Maria Orbai, Alexis Ogdie, Ying Ying Leung, Vibeke Strand, Dafna D Gladman, Philip J Mease, Laura C Coates
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

We read with interest the recent letter by Ramiro et al 1 reporting data from a systematic literature review on the measurement of enthesitis, dactylitis and nail disease in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) clinical trials. The authors highlight the great variety in the outcome measures chosen, cut points and the statistical analysis performed (percentage change, proportion resolved). We are pleased the authors have highlighted this problem and agree with their viewpoints on the clear lack of standardisation of domains and instruments in clinical trials evidenced by the data. Indeed this inconsistency of data reporting has led to significant heterogeneity in both physician-assessed and patient-reported outcomes particularly in the field of PsA. It is the domains of enthesitis, dactylitis, …
Quantitative analysis of Azurin p28, an anti-tumor peptide: Serum stability and mouse pharmacokinetics
Authors: Greg Gorman, Lori Coward, Corenna Kerstner-Wood, Lea Freeman, Pat Noker, Craig Beattie, Tapas Das Gupta, Lee Jia
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

4780  Azurin p28 is a 28 amino acid peptide (a.a. 55-70) derived from a cupredoxin bacterial redox protein obtained from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This peptideforms a discrete helicial protein transport domain (PTD) and is responsible for the selective penetration into cancer cells. p28 inhibits the proliferation of human solid and hematological malignancies in vitro and in vivo in a dose-dependent manner probably through a p53-mediated mechanism. The inhibitory effects of p28 on growth of cancer cell lines range from 5-100 uM.The relatively low toxicity profile (> 200 mg/kg/day in CD1 mice) is attributed to the compound’s selective penetration which makes it particularly attractive for use as a chemotherapeutic agent. The purpose of this study is to develop and validated analytical methodologies for Azurin p28 to be used in determining its formulation stability and pharmacokinetic parameters. The HPLC method utilizes reverse phase chromatography and UV detection at 214 nm and was used to determine the stability of p28 at two concentrations (2 and 50 mg/mL) in saline when stored refrigerated and at room temperature. Results from these studies show that p28 was stable in saline at both concentrations, refrigerated and when stored at room temperature for at least 96 hours. The LC/MS/MS method utilizes electrospray ionization with reverse phase chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and internal standard (MP-1) quantitation. This methodology was used to determine the stability of the peptide in biological matrices from a variety of species (mice, dog, monkey and human) as well as drug levels in animal serum after IV administration. The method was validated over a concentration range of 100 to 10,000 ng/mL in each species, with an average accuracy of greater than 85% and precision of
Abstract P112: Estradiol Induces Physiological Hypertrophic Growth in the Healthy Mouse Heart
Authors: Georgios Kararigas, Ba Tiep Nguyen, Hubertus Jarry, Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Estradiol-17beta (E2) has been shown to exert anti-hypertrophic actions by either attenuating or blunting the development of left ventricular hypertrophy. However, the vast majority of these studies have been performed in stressed or diseased hearts. Consequently, very little is known about the actions of E2 in the stress- and disease-free heart. The aim of our study was to identify and characterize structurally and molecularly the role of E2 in the healthy heart. Female C57Bl/6J mice were ovariectomized at the age of two months. Mice were randomly assigned into groups feeding on either an E2-containing (n = 19) or soy-free (Ctrl; n = 19) diet for three months. Following this, all mice were sacrificed and hearts were collected for weight measurement. Left ventricles were analyzed structurally by immunohistochemistry and molecularly by genome-wide expression profiling. E2 led to an increase in the heart weight (11%; P &lt; 0.001) and the heart-to-body weight ratio (32%; P &lt; 0.001) compared to Ctrl mice. Cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area revealed cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in E2 (n = 6) compared to Ctrl (n = 5) mice (32%; P = 0.004). Analysis of the left ventricular transcriptome identified 1059 probe sets (adjusted P ≤ 0.05) differentially expressed between E2 (n = 5) and Ctrl (n = 5). Hypergeometric testing for Gene Ontology showed most genes to be associated with cell cycle, regulation of growth, cell and tissue development. Pathway analysis revealed 140 pathways (adjusted P = 0.05) modulated between the two groups, such as the DNA replication and Wnt signaling pathways. Next, we tested the hypothesis that this hypertrophic effect of E2 is of the physiological type. To this extent, we identified that angiogenesis was increased with cardiac growth as determined by the microarray analysis and VEGF-A protein levels assessed by Western blotting. Furthermore, the embryonic gene program was not activated and no fibrosis was observed in the E2-treated group. In conclusion, our study is the first to demonstrate pro-hypertrophic actions of E2 in the healthy heart through the modulation of growth-related genes and pathways. Due to that we have characterized the hypertrophic effect of E2 as physiological, we expect this effect to be beneficial for the heart.
Innate immune function for HLA-Cw6 in psoriasis: reduced expression of HLA-Cw6 facilitates tumour necrosis factor-alpha release due to impaired interaction with inhibitory receptor KIR2DL1
Authors: Christian Hundhausen, Rose Mak, E. Botti, Ute Laggner, M. Marget, Frank Nestle
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)
Irofulven binding and inactivation of purified and cellular redox-controlling proteins
Authors: Barbara A. Woynarowska, Jan M. Woynarowski, Huiyun Liang, Maryanne C. Herzig, Belinda Z. Leal, Michael Vallejo, Mary Pat Moyer, Stephen J. Waters
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

1510  Irofulven (hydroxymethylacylfulvene) is a novel pro-apoptotic antitumor drug currently in clinical development. Irofulven reacts with DNA and proteins and both interactions may contribute to its induction of apoptosis. Previous studies demonstrated that treatment of cancer cells with irofulven elicits redox-mediated responses including (i) transient induction of a key redox-controlling protein, thioredoxin (Trx), (ii) activation of redox-dependent transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1, and (iii) pro-oxidative distortion of the cell redox status. Here we examined whether these effects could reflect functional damage to redox controlling proteins. Covalent binding of irofulven to purified human recombinant Trx was demonstrated using [14C]-labeled drug. The high affinity of irofulven for Trx is indicated by the inability of DTT and glutathione (at 25-fold molar excess over Trx) to reduce the level of irofulven-Trx adducts. Irofulven binding is accompanied by the inhibition of Trx reducing activity (IC50=4.5 μM). The drug also binds to and rapidly inactivates the Trx regenerating enzyme, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), with an IC50 of 20 μM when drug is added directly to the reaction, while a brief (15 min) preincubation of TrxR with 10 μM irofulven resulted in complete inactivation. Purified glutathione-S-transferase is another redox protein that is adducted to and inactivated by irofulven, although this inhibition was weaker than that of Trx and TrxR (IC50 of 45 μM and 10 μM drug without and with a 1 h pre-incubation, respectively). The effects of irofulven on purified redox proteins were corroborated in prostate tumor LNCaP-Pro5 cells. [14C]-irofulven binds to cellular Trx as demonstrated using 2D PAGE of cytosolic extracts followed by autoradiography and Western blotting. Moreover, irofulven decreased the Trx activity in LNCaP-Pro5 cells (40% inhibition by 3 μM drug), despite a transient increase in Trx protein levels. Intracellular activities of TrxR and GST were also reduced by 3 μM drug (by ∼25 and 50%, respectively). In contrast to tumor cells, normal NCM 460 cells remain non-apoptotic even after prolonged treatment with 10 μM irofulven. These cells exhibit approximately 2-fold higher basal activity of Trx than LNCaP-Pro5 cells. Accordingly, treatment of NCM 460 cells with 10 μM irofulven caused only a transient and modest decrease (20%) in Trx activity and had no inhibitory effect on the activity of TrxR and GST. Collectively, the results suggest that targeting and inactivation of the Trx system and other redox-controlling proteins could be a factor in the cellular effects of irofulven, including the differential responses of tumor and normal cells. (Supported by CA78706, CA80936, and MGI Pharma, Inc).
Clinical Significance of Four Molecular Subtypes of Gastric Cancer Identified by The Cancer Genome Atlas Project
Authors: Bo Hwa Sohn, Jun-Eul Hwang, Hee-Jin Jang, Hyun-Sung Lee, Sang Cheul Oh, Jae-Jun Shim, Keun-Wook Lee, Eui Hyun Kim, Sun Young Yim, Sang Ho Lee, Jae-Ho Cheong, Woojin Jeong, Jae Yong Cho, Joohee Kim, Jungsoo Chae, Jeeyun Lee, Won Ki Kang, Sung Kim, Sung Hoon Noh, Jaffer A. Ajani, Ju-Seog Lee
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Purpose: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project recently uncovered four molecular subtypes of gastric cancer: Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), microsatellite instability (MSI), genomically stable (GS), and chromosomal instability (CIN). However, their clinical significances are currently unknown. We aimed to investigate the relationship between subtypes and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Experimental Design: Gene expression data from a TCGA cohort (n = 262) were used to develop a subtype prediction model, and the association of each subtype with survival and benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy was tested in 2 other cohorts (n = 267 and 432). An integrated risk assessment model (TCGA risk score) was also developed. Results: EBV subtype was associated with the best prognosis, and GS subtype was associated with the worst prognosis. Patients with MSI and CIN subtypes had poorer overall survival than those with EBV subtype but better overall survival than those with GS subtype (P = 0.004 and 0.03 in two cohorts, respectively). In multivariate Cox regression analyses, TCGA risk score was an independent prognostic factor [HR, 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2–1.9; P = 0.001]. Patients with the CIN subtype experienced the greatest benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.16–0.94; P = 0.03) and those with the GS subtype had the least benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.36–1.89; P = 0.65). Conclusions: Our prediction model successfully stratified patients by survival and adjuvant chemotherapy outcomes. Further development of the prediction model is warranted. Clin Cancer Res; 23(15); 4441–9. ©2017 AACR.
3D Spheroid/Organoid Models of Lung Cancer to Study Lung Cancer Pathogenesis and Testing of New Therapeutics
Authors: B. Gao, M. Peyton, C. Huang, H. Park, L. Girard, N. Sorrelle, A. Dayoub, R. Brekken, A. Gazdar, J. Minna
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Health economic analysis of allergen immunotherapy for the management of allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergy and venom allergy: A systematic overview
Authors: M. Asaria, S. Dhami, R. van Ree, R. Gerth van Wijk, A. Muraro, G. Roberts, A. Sheikh
Journal: Allergy (2017)

The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) is developing guidelines for allergen immunotherapy (AIT) for the management of allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, IgE-mediated food allergy and venom allergy. To inform the development of clinical recommendations, we undertook systematic reviews to critically assess evidence on the effectiveness, safety and cost-effectiveness of AIT for these conditions. This study focusses on synthesizing data and gaps in the evidence on the cost-effectiveness of AIT for these conditions.We produced summaries of evidence in each domain, and then, synthesized findings on health economic data identified from four recent systematic reviews on allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergy and venom allergy, respectively. The quality of these studies was independently assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool for health economic evaluations.Twenty-three studies satisfied our inclusion criteria. Of these, 19 studies investigated the cost-effectiveness of AIT in allergic rhinitis, of which seven were based on data from randomized controlled trials with economic evaluations conducted from a health system perspective. This body of evidence suggested that sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) and subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) would be considered cost-effective using the (English) National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) cost-effectiveness threshold of £20 000/quality-adjusted life year (QALY). However, the quality of the studies and the general lack of attention to characterizing uncertainty and handling missing data should be taken into account when interpreting these results. For asthma, there were three eligible studies, all of which had significant methodological limitations; these suggested that SLIT, when used in patients with both asthma and allergic rhinitis, may be cost-effective with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of £10 726 per QALY. We found one economic modelling study for venom allergy which, despite being based largely on expert opinion and plausible assumptions, suggested that AIT for bee and wasp venom allergy is only likely to be cost-effective for very high-risk groups who may be exposed to multiple exposures to venom/year (eg bee keepers). We found no eligible studies investigating the cost-effectiveness of AIT for food allergy.Overall, the evidence to support the cost-effectiveness of AIT is limited and of low methodological quality, but suggests that AIT may be cost-effective for people with allergic rhinitis with or without asthma and in high-risk subgroups for venom allergy. We were unable to draw any conclusions on the cost-effectiveness of AIT for food allergy.
High expression of ABCG2 induced by EZH2 disruption has pivotal roles in MDS pathogenesis
Authors: K C Kawabata, Y Hayashi, D Inoue, H Meguro, H Sakurai, T Fukuyama, Y Tanaka, S Asada, T Fukushima, R Nagase, R Takeda, Y Harada, J Kitaura, S Goyama, H Harada, H Aburatani, T Kitamura
Journal: Leukemia (2017)