tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Challenging Problems in Advanced Malignancy
Authors: You-Hyun Lee, Seock-Ah Im, Seung-Hyun Nam, Si-Nae Lee, Yookyung Kim, Chu-Myong Seong, Woon Sup Han, Sun Wha Lee, Seong-Hoon Park, Soon Nam Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.11.128 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12915608 Challenging Problems in Advanced Malignancy CASE 1. CHYLOPERICARDIUM DURING THE TREATMENT OF NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA You-Hyun LeexYou-Hyun LeeSearch for articles by this author , Seock-Ah ImxSeock-Ah ImSearch for articles by this author , Seung-Hyun NamxSeung-Hyun NamSearch for articles by this author , Si-Nae LeexSi-Nae LeeSearch for articles by this author , Yookyung KimxYookyung KimSearch for articles by this author , Chu-Myong SeongxChu-Myong SeongSearch for articles by this author , Woon Sup HanxWoon Sup HanSearch for articles by this author , Sun Wha LeexSun Wha LeeSearch for articles by this author , Seong-Hoon ParkxSeong-Hoon ParkSearch for articles by this author , Soon Nam LeexSoon Nam LeeSearch for articles by this author Show More Ewha Womans University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.11.128 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
An open source pharma roadmap
Authors: Manica Balasegaram, Peter Kolb, John McKew, Jaykumar Menon, Piero Olliaro, Tomasz Sablinski, Zakir Thomas, Matthew H. Todd, Els Torreele, John Wilbanks
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2017)

In an Essay, Matthew Todd and colleagues discuss an open source approach to drug development.
Prognostic significance of immunohistochemical expression of Rb gene product in operable breast cancer
Authors: H. Song, Y. Do, S. Gang, S. Kwon, S. Kim, W. Lee, J. Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21121 Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of the expression of Rb gene product in operable invasive breast cancer by performing immunohistochemical analysis. Methods: Between January 1993 and December 2001, 212 operable invasive breast cancer patients underwent immunohistochemical staining for Rb, and we retrospectively analyzed these results together with the clinical outcomes. Results: The overexpression of p53 was detected in 72.7% of the cases. The overexpression of Rb was correlated with positive hormonal receptor (p=0.000), and inversely correlated with lymph node metastasis (p=0.017) and vascular invasion (p=0.004). The tumor size, tumor histology, histologic grade, and tumor stage were not related to the overexpression of p53. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicate that lymph node metastasis and tumor size were the significant prognostic factors for overall survival; lymph node metastasis was the significant prognostic factor for relapse free survival. On the subgroup analysis, the Rb expressors showed better 7-year overall survival (98.5% vs. 81.5%, respectively, p=0.005) and relapse free survival (94.1% vs. 77.4%, respectively, p=0.021) than did the p53 non-overexpressors for the patients without lymph node metastasis. However, for the patients with lymph node metastasis, the survival rates were not different for both the Rb expressors and the Rb non-expressors. Conclusions: Immunohistochemical staining of the Rb gene product was an independent prognostic factor for predicting survival of the lymph node negative operable breast cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Coil‐assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration and partial splenic artery embolization for hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: Frank Kuo, Jonathan Park, Alice Chen
Journal: Hepatology (2017)

1Department of RadiologyUCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCA 2Department of RadiologyVA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare SystemLos AngelesCA *ADDRESS CORRESPONDENCE AND REPRINT REQUESTS TO:Alice Chen, M.D.Department of Radiology, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System11301 Wilshire BlvdLos Angeles, CA 90073E‐mail: [email protected]Tel: +1‐310‐268‐3591
Conservative treatment of intraocular retinoblastoma: A prospective phase II randomized trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by local treatments and chemothermotherapy.
Authors: Isabelle Aerts, Livia Lumbroso-Le Rouic, David Hajage, Christine Levy-Gabriel, Alexia Savignoni, Nathalie Algret, Francois P. Doz, Laurence Desjardins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

9538 Background: intraocular retinoblastoma treatments often associate chemotherapy and focal treatments. The protocols vary and may combine two or three drugs, and different number of cycles associated to the local adjuvant treatments. A first prospective protocol of conservative treatments in our institution showed the efficacy of the use of two courses of chemoreduction with etoposide and carboplatin, followed by chemothermotherapy using carboplatin, as a single agent. In order to decrease the possible long term toxicity of chemotherapy due to etoposide, a prospective randomized phase II chemo reduction protocol was conducted, using vincristine and carboplatin vs. etoposide carboplatin. Methods: the study was proposed when initial tumour size or location did not allow the use of front-line local treatments. The phase II randomized study of reduction chemotherapy used vincristin carboplatin or etoposide carboplatin, followed by local treatment including chemothermotherapy using the combination carboplatin and laser diode hyperthermia. Primary endpoint was the need for secondary enucleation or EBRT not exceeding 40% at 2 years. The new treatment was considered sufficiently effective if 10 events or less were observed among 33 eyes. Results: 55 children, 65 eyes were included in the study (May 2004- August 2009).32 eyes (27 children) were treated conservatively in the arm etoposide-carboplatin and 33 (28 children) eyes in the arm vincristin carboplatin.At two years after treatment 23/33 (69.7%) eyes were treated and salvaged without EBRT or enucleation in the arm vincristin-carboplatin and 26/32 (81.3%) in the arm etoposide and carboplatin. Conclusions: neoadjuvant chemotherapy by two cycles of vincristine and carboplatin followed by chemothermotherapy (using the combination carboplatin, as a single drug, and laser diode hyperthermia) does not seem to offer an optimal local control.
Acral Melanoma and Mechanical Stress on the Plantar Surface of the Foot
Authors: Collin M Costello, Mark R Pittelkow, Aaron R Mangold
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

A Mayo Clinic analysis of melanoma distribution showed a high frequency of lesions on the heel and fewer lesions on the front of the foot than shown in a Japanese study that indicated that melanomas may be most common in weight-bearing areas of the plantar surface.
Dental geriatrics and periodontitis
Authors: Gösta Rutger Persson
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2017)

Abstract The present literature review is focused on two main areas: (i) periodontal conditions in older individuals; and (ii) the scientific data available on periodontal treatment outcomes in individuals ≥ 75 years of age. The population of older people is increasing but the data on periodontal therapies and their efficacy in this population are limited and need to be carefully reviewed. Although life expectancy has increased, this does not mean that older people are medically healthy. Several chronic systemic diseases are associated with periodontitis, and the prevalence of most chronic diseases increases with age. Furthermore, older people are challenged by impaired immunity (immune senescence) with a decline in the numbers of naïve T‐cells in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues. The most frequent significant correlates with successful ageing include not smoking and the absence of disability, arthritis and diabetes mellitus. Periodontal diseases in older individuals may have specific features that are not consistent with periodontal diseases. In this respect, data suggest that gingival lesions in older individuals develop differently from gingival lesions in younger adults. The progression of periodontitis may be slower in older individuals, and older individuals with periodontitis may benefit from more conservative treatment approaches. Diagnostic criteria used for the assessment and diagnosis of periodontitis in younger adults may not be fully applicable in older individuals. In summary, declining health, perception of treatment needs, dietary changes, comorbidity with other diseases and immune senescence are challenging factors to clinicians and researchers, in terms of therapies and in understanding periodontitis etiology in older individuals.
Inhibition of the cardiac myocyte mineralocorticoid receptor ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: Achim Lother, Stella Bergemann, Jessica Kowalski, Michael Huck, Ralf Gilsbach, Christoph Bode, Lutz Hein
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2017)

Anthracyclines such as doxorubicin are widely used in cancer therapy but their use is limited by cardiotoxicity. Up to date there is no established strategy for the prevention of anthracyclin-induced heart failure. In this study, we evaluated the role of the cardiac myocyte mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) during doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.A single high-dose or repetitive low-dose doxorubicin administration lead to markedly reduced left ventricular function in mice. Treatment with the MR antagonist eplerenone prevented doxorubicin-induced left ventricular dysfunction. In order to identify the cell types and molecular mechanisms involved in this beneficial effect we used a mouse model with cell type-specific MR deletion in cardiac myocytes. Cardiac myocyte MR deletion largely reproduced the effect of pharmacological MR inhibition on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. RNAseq from isolated cardiac myocytes revealed a repressive effect of doxorubicin on gene expression which was prevented by MR deletion.We show here that (i) eplerenone prevents doxorubicin-induced left ventricular dysfunction in mice, and (ii) this beneficial effect is related to inhibition of MR in cardiac myocytes. Together with present clinical trial data our findings suggest that MR antagonism may be appropriate for the prevention of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Serum periostin relates to type‐2 inflammation and lung function in asthma: Data from the large population‐based cohort Swedish <scp>GA</scp>(2)<scp>LEN</scp>
Authors: A. James, C. Janson, A. Malinovschi, C. Holweg, K. Alving, J. Ono, S. Ohta, A. Ek, R. Middelveld, B. Dahlén, B. Forsberg, K. Izuhara, S.‐E. Dahlén
Journal: Allergy (2017)

Periostin has been suggested as a novel, phenotype-specific biomarker for asthma driven by type 2 inflammation. However, large studies examining relationships between circulating periostin and patient characteristics are lacking and the suitability of periostin as a biomarker in asthma remains unclear.To examine circulating periostin in healthy controls and subjects with asthma from the general population with different severity and treatment profiles, both with and without chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), in relation to other biomarkers and clinical characteristics.Serum periostin was examined by ELISA in 1100 subjects aged 17-76 from the Swedish Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA(2)LEN) study, which included 463 asthmatics with/without chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), 98 individuals with CRS only, and 206 healthy controls. Clinical tests included measurement of lung function, Fraction of exhaled NO (FeNO), IgE, urinary eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (U-EDN), and serum eosinophil cationic protein (S-ECP), as well as completion of questionnaires regarding respiratory symptoms, medication, and quality of life.Although median periostin values showed no differences when comparing disease groups with healthy controls, multiple regression analyses revealed that periostin was positively associated with higher FeNO, U-EDN, and total IgE. In patients with asthma, an inverse relationship with lung function was also observed. Current smoking was associated with decreased periostin levels, whereas increased age and lower body mass index (BMI) related to higher periostin levels in subjects both with and without asthma.We confirm associations between periostin and markers of type 2 inflammation, as well as lung function, and identify novel constitutional factors of importance to the use of periostin as a phenotype-specific biomarker in asthma.
Arsenic Trioxide (ATO) and ATRA with Limited Chemotherapy (CT) in Newly Diagnosed Standard Risk APL in the Elderly. a Report By the French Belgian Swiss APL Group (APL 2006 trial)
Authors: Lionel Ades, Xavier Thomas, Agnès Guerci, Arnaud Pigneux, Norbert Vey, Emmanuel Raffoux, Sylvie Castaigne, Olivier Spertini, Dominique Bron, Jean Pierre Marolleau, Gandhi Damaj, Dominique Bordessoule, Julie Lejeune, Sylvie Chevret, Pierre Fenaux
Journal: Blood (2016)
Oropharyngeal dysphagia: when swallowing disorders meet respiratory diseases
Authors: Eric Verin, Pere Clavé, Maria Rosaria Bonsignore, Jean Paul Marie, Chloe Bertolus, Thomas Similowski, Pierantonio Laveneziana
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

The recent European Respiratory Society (ERS) Annual Meeting in London (September, 2016) has seen the beginning of a collaboration between the ERS and the European Society for Swallowing Disorders (ESSD) based on the importance (incidence and prevalence) of often unrecognised swallowing disorders in respiratory diseases. Patients with chronic respiratory diseases should be screened for oropharyngeal dysphagia to prevent complications <http://ow.ly/JaXl309wdNG>
Incomes and Outcomes: Social Security Disability Benefits in First-Episode Psychosis
Authors: Robert A. Rosenheck, Sue E. Estroff, Kyaw Sint, Haiqun Lin, Kim T. Mueser, Delbert G. Robinson, Nina R. Schooler, Patricia Marcy, John M. Kane
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2017)

Objective: Social Security Administration (SSA) disability benefits are an important source of income for people with psychoses and confer eligibility for health insurance. The authors examined the impact of coordinated specialty care on receipt of such benefits in first-episode psychosis, along with the correlates and consequences of receiving them. Method: The Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode–Early Treatment Program (RAISE-ETP) study, a 34-site cluster-randomized trial, compared NAVIGATE, a coordinated specialty care program, to usual community care over 2 years. Receipt of SSA benefits and clinical outcomes were assessed at program entry and every 6 months for 2 years. Piecewise regression analysis was used to identify relative change in outcome trajectories after receipt of disability benefits. Results: Among 399 RAISE-ETP participants, 36 (9%) were receiving SSA disability benefits at baseline; of the remainder, 124 (34.1%) obtained benefits during the 2-year study period. The NAVIGATE intervention improved quality of life, symptoms, and employment but did not significantly reduce the likelihood of receiving SSA disability benefits. Obtaining benefits was predicted by more severe psychotic symptoms and greater dysfunction and was followed by increased total income but fewer days of employment, reduced motivation (e.g., sense of purpose, greater anhedonia), and fewer days of intoxication. Conclusions: A 2-year coordinated specialty care intervention did not reduce receipt of SSA disability benefits. There were some advantages for those who obtained SSA disability benefits over the 2-year treatment period, but there were also some unintended adverse consequences. Providing income supports without impeding recovery remains an important policy challenge.
Abstract 13943: Time to Target Temperature and Outcome After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Alessio Della Mattia, Tommaso Pellis, Dario Gregori, Niklas Nielsen, Vincenzo Campanile, Alberto Peratoner, Iole Brunetti, Paolo Pelosi, Jesper Kjaergaard, Christian Hassager
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: We studied in the association between time to target temperature (TTT) and outcome in patients enrolled in the Target Temperature Management (TTM-Trial) after out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Methods: The TTM-Trial is a randomized study that investigated temperature management at 33 or 36°C for 24 hours (h) in 950 patients. We defined TTT as the time from return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) to a bladder temperature &lt;34°C or &lt;36.5°C. Results: Target temperature after ROSC was achieved in a median time of 5.3h and 2.9h, respectively in the 33°C and 36°C group. In patients randomized at 33°C a shorter TTT was associated with worse survival (Log-rank &lt;0.0001) and TTT was a predictor of survival with a hazard ratio (HR) for mortality of 0.68 (95%CI 0.56-0.81). There was a linear relationship between TTT and log relative hazard of mortality (P= 0.29). After multivariate analysis TTT had a HR for mortality of 0.81 (95%CI 0.67-0.98). In addition, TTT was a predictor of poor neurological outcome with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.63 (95%CI 0.48-0.83) with a linear relationship between TTT and log odds of poor neurological outcome (P= 0.38). After adjustment for confounders, TTT was not any longer an independent predictor of poor neurological outcome (OR 0.87, 95%CI 0.64-1.18). In patients randomized at 36°C, TTT was not associated with survival and after adjustment for confounders TTT was no longer an independent predictor of survival (HR 0.81, 95%CI 0.46-1.43) and of poor neurological outcome (OR 1.05, 95%CI 0.54-2.03). Conclusions: A faster TTT in patients cooled at 33°C was associated with increased mortality and was a predictor of mortality and poor neurological outcome. TTT remained an independent predictor of mortality after multivariate analysis.
Correction: Large-Scale Evidence for the Effect of the COLIA1 Sp1 Polymorphism on Osteoporosis Outcomes: The GENOMOS Study
Authors: Stuart H Ralston, André G Uitterlinden, Maria Luisa Brandi, Susana Balcells, Bente L Langdahl, Paul Lips, Roman Lorenc, Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch, Serena Scollen, Mariona Bustamante, Lise Bjerre Husted, Alisoun H Carey, Adolfo Diez-Perez, Alison M Dunning, Alberto Falchetti, Elzbieta Karczmarewicz, Marcin Kruk, Johannes P. T. M van Leeuwen, Joyce B. J van Meurs, Jon Mangion, Fiona E. A McGuigan, Leonardo Mellibovsky, Francesca del Monte, Huibert A. P Pols, Jonathan Reeve, David M Reid, Wilfried Renner, Fernando Rivadeneira, Natasja M van Schoor, Rachael E Sherlock, John P. A Ioannidis
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)
Ethical Issues in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Practice
Authors: Yonghui Ma, Jiayu Liu, Catherine Rhodes, Yongzhan Nie, Faming Zhang
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2017)

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has demonstrated efficacy and is increasingly being used in the treatment of patients with recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. Despite a lack of high-quality trials to provide more information on the long-term effects of FMT, there has been great enthusiasm about the potential for expanding its applications. However, FMT presents many serious ethical and social challenges that must be addressed as part of a successful regulatory policy response. In this article, we draw on a sample of the scientific and bioethics literatures to examine clusters of ethical and social issues arising in five main areas: (1) informed consent and the vulnerability of patients; (2) determining what a "suitable healthy donor" is; (3) safety and risk; (4) commercialization and potential exploitation of vulnerable patients; and (5) public health implications. We find that these issues are complex and worthy of careful consideration by health care professionals. Desperation of a patient should not be the basis for selecting treatment with FMT, and the patient's interests should always be of paramount concern. Authorities must prioritize development of appropriate and effective regulation of FMT to safeguard patients and donors, promote further research into safety and efficacy, and avoid abuse of the treatment.
RAGE is a nucleic acid receptor that promotes inflammatory responses to DNA
Authors: Cherilyn M. Sirois, Tengchuan Jin, Allison L. Miller, Damien Bertheloot, Hirotaka Nakamura, Gabor L. Horvath, Abubakar Mian, Jiansheng Jiang, Jacob Schrum, Lukas Bossaller, Karin Pelka, Natalio Garbi, Yambasu Brewah, Jane Tian, ChewShun Chang, Partha S. Chowdhury, Gary P. Sims, Roland Kolbeck, Anthony J. Coyle, Alison A. Humbles, T. Sam Xiao, Eicke Latz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2014)
Short term use of oral corticosteroids and related harms among adults in the United States: population based cohort study
Authors: Akbar K Waljee, Mary A M Rogers, Paul Lin, Amit G Singal, Joshua D Stein, Rory M Marks, John Z Ayanian, Brahmajee K Nallamothu
Journal: BMJ (2017)

<b>Objective</b>&nbsp;To determine the frequency of prescriptions for short term use of oral corticosteroids, and adverse events (sepsis, venous thromboembolism, fractures) associated with their use. <b>Design</b>&nbsp;Retrospective cohort study and self controlled case series. <b>Setting</b>&nbsp;Nationwide dataset of private insurance claims. <b>Participants</b>&nbsp;Adults aged 18 to 64 years who were continuously enrolled from 2012 to 2014. <b>Main outcome measures</b>&nbsp;Rates of short term use of oral corticosteroids defined as less than 30 days duration. Incidence rates of adverse events in corticosteroid users and non-users. Incidence rate ratios for adverse events within 30 day and 31-90 day risk periods after drug initiation. <b>Results</b>&nbsp;Of 1 548 945 adults, 327 452 (21.1%) received at least one outpatient prescription for short term use of oral corticosteroids over the three year period. Use was more frequent among older patients, women, and white adults, with significant regional variation (all P&lt;0.001). The most common indications for use were upper respiratory tract infections, spinal conditions, and allergies. Prescriptions were provided by a diverse range of specialties. Within 30 days of drug initiation, there was an increase in rates of sepsis (incidence rate ratio 5.30, 95% confidence interval 3.80 to 7.41), venous thromboembolism (3.33, 2.78 to 3.99), and fracture (1.87, 1.69 to 2.07), which diminished over the subsequent 31-90 days. The increased risk persisted at prednisone equivalent doses of less than 20 mg/day (incidence rate ratio 4.02 for sepsis, 3.61 for venous thromboembolism, and 1.83 for fracture; all P&lt;0.001). <b>Conclusion</b>&nbsp;One in five American adults in a commercially insured plan were given prescriptions for short term use of oral corticosteroids during a three year period, with an associated increased risk of adverse events.
Autologous 111 Indium-Oxinate-Labelled Platelet Sequestration Study in Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenia Treated By Thrombopoietic Receptor-Agonists
Authors: Matthieu Mahevas, Sandrine Van Eeckhoudt, Guillaume Moulis, Christine Dosquet, Marc Michel, Nicolas Limal, Laetitia Languille, Sawsaneh Alkaeir, Philippe Bierling, Antoine Dossier, Frédéric Duriez, Lionel Galicier, Anne-Sophie Morin, Jérôme Tamburini, Driss Chaoui, Didier Bouscary, Ahmad AL Jijakli, Mehdi Khellaf, Ioana Vaida, Bertrand Godeau, Christine Chomienne
Journal: Blood (2016)