Abstract 1207: SNS-062 demonstrates efficacy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia <i>in vitro</i> and inhibits C481S mutated Bruton tyrosine kinase
Authors: Catherine A. Fabian, Sean D. Reiff, Daphne Guinn, Linda Neuman, Judith A. Fox, Wendy Wilson, John C. Byrd, Jennifer A. Woyach, Amy J. Johnson
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Introduction: In order to address the issue of acquired resistance to ibrutinib, we sought to characterize the Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor SNS-062 in preclinical models of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Methods: Primary CLL B cells were isolated from the whole blood of consented patients by ficoll density centrifugation and Rosette-Sep negative selection. Annexin V and propidium iodide flow cytometry was used to measure patient CLL cell viability and 7-AAD was used to measure viability in stromal co-culture. CD40 and CD86 expression was evaluated via flow cytometry subsequent to sustained 3.2uM CpG stimulation. BCR signaling in primary CLL cells was investigated by immunoblot following 1 hour treatment and following 1 hour or 24 hours of incubation with SNS-062 in XLA cell lines. ITK inhibition was investigated via immunoblot after stimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 and incubation with SNS-062 for 1 hour. SNS-062 was used at a concentration of 1uM in preclinical studies unless otherwise noted. Measurement of kinase activity in human recombinant WT BTK or C481S BTK was performed in a FRET kinase assay. Results: Immunoblots of BTK and ERK phosphorylation of XLA cells transfected with WT or C481S BTK demonstrated that SNS-062 inhibition is comparable to that of ibrutinib in WT BTK and greater than that of ibrutinib in C481S BTK. Using a recombinant kinase assay, we found the IC50 of SNS-062 against WT BTK to be 4.6nM and C481S BTK to be 1.1nM, suggesting that SNS-062 retains activity against the mutated BTK variant. Additionally, SNS-062 was found to be six times more potent than ibrutinib and greater than 640 times more potent than acalabrutinib against C481S BTK. SNS-062 demonstrates dose-dependent inhibition of BTK in primary patient CLL cells comparable to ibrutinib via immunoblot for BTK phosphorylation. The viability of primary patient cells treated with 0.1uM, 1.0uM, and 10.0uM SNS-062 for 48 hours was measured to be 96.7%, 96.1%, and 88.1%, respectively, that of the untreated condition. At 48 hours, SNS-062 decreased viability of primary CLL cells in the presence of HS5 stromal protection by 5.5%. SNS-062 was found to decrease CpG induced CD40 and CD86 expression by 8.7% and 15.7%, respectively. Using an in vitro kinase assay, SNS-062 inhibited ITK with an IC50 value of 24nM. An immunoblot of anti-CD3/CD28 stimulated Jurkat cells revealed that SNS-062 decreased the phosphorylation of ERK, implying inhibition of ITK. Conclusion: Unlike ibrutinib, SNS-062 inhibits BTK signaling in the presence of the C481S mutation and may address acquired resistance to covalent BTK inhibitors. SNS-062 decreases B cell activation markers, viability, and stromal cell protection in primary patient CLL cells and was shown to inhibit ITK, suggesting support of T cell mediated antitumor activities. These data support further investigation of this molecule and advancement into clinical trials. Citation Format: Catherine A. Fabian, Sean D. Reiff, Daphne Guinn, Linda Neuman, Judith A. Fox, Wendy Wilson, John C. Byrd, Jennifer A. Woyach, Amy J. Johnson. SNS-062 demonstrates efficacy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia in vitro and inhibits C481S mutated Bruton tyrosine kinase [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1207. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1207