tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Guided tissue engineering for healing of cancellous and cortical bone using a combination of biomaterial based scaffolding and local bone active molecule delivery
Authors: Deepak Bushan Raina, Irfan Qayoom, David Larsson, Ming Hao Zheng, Ashok Kumar, Hanna Isaksson, Lars Lidgren, Magnus Tägil
Journal: Biomaterials (2018)

A metaphyseal bone defect due to infection, tumor or fracture leads to loss of cancellous and cortical bone. An animal model separating the cancellous and cortical healing was used with a combination of a macroporous gelatin-calcium sulphate-hydroxyapatite (Gel-CaS-HA) biomaterial as a cancellous defect filler, and a thin collagen membrane (CM) guiding cortical bone regeneration. The membrane was immobilized with bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) to enhance the osteoinductive properties. The Gel-CaS-HA cancellous defect filler contained both rhBMP-2 and a bisphosphonate, (zoledronate = ZA) to prevent premature callus resorption induced by the pro-osteoclast effect of rhBMP-2 alone. In the first part of the study, the CM delivering both rhBMP-2 and ZA was tested in a muscle pouch model in rats and the co-delivery of rhBMP-2 and ZA via the CM resulted in higher amounts of bone compared to rhBMP-2 alone. Secondly, an established tibia defect model in rats was used to study cortical and cancellous bone regeneration. The defect was left empty, filled with Gel-CaS-HA alone, Gel-CaS-HA immobilized with ZA or Gel-CaS-HA immobilized with rhBMP-2+ZA. Functionalization of the Gel-CaS-HA scaffold with bioactive molecules produced significantly more bone in the cancellous defect and its surroundings but cortical defect healing was delayed likely due to the protrusion of the Gel-CaS-HA into the cortical bone. To guide cortical regeneration, the cortical defect was sealed endosteally by a CM with or without rhBMP-2. Subsequently, the cancellous defect was filled with Gel-CaS-HA containing ZA and rhBMP-2+ZA. In the groups where the CM was doped with rhBMP-2, significantly higher number of cortices bridged. The approach to guide cancellous as well as cortical bone regeneration separately in a metaphyseal defect using two bioactive molecule immobilized biomaterials is promising and could improve the clinical care of patients with metaphyseal defects.
L1 CELL ADHESION MOLECULE (L1CAM) AND PHOSPHORYLATED FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 1 (PFGFR1) EXPRESSION POSITIVELY CORRELATES WITH NEUROLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES
Authors: Naomi Egbivwie, Siân Cook, Julia Cockle, Filomena Esteves, Susan C Short, Azzam Ismail, Matthew P Humphries, Anke Brüning-Richardson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Gliomas are intrinsic brain tumours characterised by their highly invasive, malignant and aggressive nature. Persistently poor prognoses highlight the urgent clinical need to identify novel approaches and therapeutic targets to improve glioma management. Recently we reported a correlation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) expression with malignancy, tumour grade and location in paediatric gliomas. There is evidence that the L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) potentiates FGFR1 signalling. L1CAM is a transmembrane glycoprotein associated with poor clinical outcomes in various cancers promoting cell motility. Here, following our initial studies on FGFR1, we investigated FGFR1 in its activated phosphorylated form (pFGFR1) as well as L1CAM expression in our cohort and association with various clinicopathological parameters. METHODS. A commercially available tissue microarray (CNS2081, US Biomax) was stained for pFGFR1 and L1CAM expression and data was scored using manual and digital assessment (QuPath). Scores were separately dichotomised into low and high L1CAM and pFGFR1 expression using the median value in SPSS. A two-sided Pearson’s chi squared statistical test was performed using GraphPad Prism where p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS. There was higher L1CAM expression in malignant tumours compared to benign tumours (p<0.05). There was higher L1CAM expression in tumours located in the cerebellum compared to the cerebrum (p<0.05). Both L1CAM and pFGFR1 expression was predominantly localised to the cytoplasm. Our results suggest that L1CAM expression is associated with malignancy. Most high-grade astrocytomas exhibited pFGFR1 cytoplasmic expression suggesting that the FGFR1 pathway is activated, which is known to be associated with cell migration and aggressive tumours. L1CAM expression was found in all tumours which suggests a role in glioma tumourigenesis. Further research on pFGFR1 and L1CAM interaction is warranted in a larger clinical cohort. pFGFR1 and L1CAM may be potentially useful biomarkers and good candidates for therapeutic intervention
Influences of low sodium diets on vascular effects of bradykinin and on bradykinin receptors in the uterine smooth muscle in the rats.
Authors: Minoru Yasujima, P Matthews, Colin Johnston, Keishi Abe, Kaoru Yoshinaga
Journal: Circulation (1982)

A low sodium diet for 7 days in the rat induced an enhancement of the vascular effects of bradykinin, determined as the blood pressure response, by 56%. However, this enhancement reverted after 28 days of a low sodium diet. A sustained increase in the number of uterine smooth muscle bradykinin receptors during low sodium diets was observed, 1.3 times of the control on the 7th day and 1.7 times on the 28th day. No change in binding affinity was found in any of the studies. These results suggest that the vascular effects of bradykinin after low sodium diets may be regulated by homeostatic mechanisms via the change in the number of vascular smooth muscle bradykinin receptors at subcellular levels, and that the number of uterine smooth muscle bradykinin receptors may be affected by sodium status per se.
Combining VITEK® 2 with colistin agar dilution screening assist timely reporting of colistin susceptibility
Authors: J. Lellouche, D. Schwartz, N. Elmalech, M.A. Ben Dalak, E. Temkin, M. Paul, Y. Geffen, D. Yahav, N. Eliakim-Raz, E. Durante-Mangoni, D. Iossa, M. Bernardo, G.L. Daikos, A. Skiada, A. Pantazatou, A. Antoniadou, J.W. Mouton, Y. Carmeli, A. Nutman, S. Cohen-Percia, V. Daitch, T. Babich, R. Andini, S. Cuccurullo, A. Cristinziano, G. Cavezza, L. Bertolino, G. Giuffrè, R. Giurazza, E. Mallardo, R. Zampino
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2018)
Systematic review and meta-analysis: arterial apin labelling (ASL) efficiency in grading of adults glioma
Authors: Ms Amirah Alsaedi, Dr Fabio Martino Doniselli, Prof Sotirios Bisdas, Prof Xavier Golay
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Through a systematic review, the research quantitatively evaluates the efficiency of arterial spin labelling (ASL) in identifying glioma grades. EMBASE and MEDLINE were consulted, and 18 studies were selected. In turn, quantitative data were gathered, and a meta-analysis conducted. 8 included studies published CBF values as a mean and SD; 3 published cut-off values and sensitivity/specificity levels; while the remainder addressed both. Tumour blood flow (TBF) references were different, and so were renamed as follows: the TBF was denoted the mean (TBFmean/rTBFmean); the ROI incorporated the whole tumour; or the ROI was chosen with standard images (e.g., T2W). The identified ROI for the perfusion map’s high signal was denoted the maximum (TBFmax/rTBFmax). QUADAS-2 was used for quality appraisal, while statistical analysis was divided as follows: firstly, a random-effects model and a forest plot; and secondly, a system modelling specificity and sensitivity outcomes (owing to the inverse relationship that links them), paired with a hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HROC) curve. The absolute TBF displayed the power to distinguish between HGG and LGG, along with grade-II from grade-IV. Nevertheless, it could not distinguish between grade-II and grade-III or grade-III and grade-IV. Contrastingly, rTBFmax was more effective in glioma grading. An identical outcome was derived from sensitivity and specificity analysis, with rTBFmax showing the highest levels for glioma grading. Estimated effect size for rTBF was compatible to HGG and LGG, as well as grade-II and grade-II ((-1.46, (-2.00, -0.91)), (-1.39, (-1.89, -0.89)), respectively; however, between grade-III and grade-IV, the effect size was reduced (-1.05, (-1.82, -0.27)). This result also derived from the sensitivity and specificity analysis, where ASL demonstrated greater sensitivity when distinguishing between grade-II and grade-III than between grade-III and grade-IV. It follows that ALS is effective for glioma grading when perfusion values show significant differences between glioma grades, especially rTBFmax.
Abstract 11749: Prognostic Value of Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain and Ejection Fraction in Patients With Non-ischemic and Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Tetsuari Onishi, Yasue Tsukishiro, Hiroya Kawai
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Both Left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) are useful parameters for assessment of LV function. The aim of this study is to confirm the prognostic value of them in patients with non-ischemic and ischemic heart disease. Methods: We studied 179 patients (DCM group: Age 61±15 years, 70 females, LVEF 33±9%) with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure symptom, and 97 patients (MI group: Age 66±13 years, 18 females, LVEF 45±7%) who were successfully treated with percutaneous coronary intervention for acute anteroseptal myocardial infarction. Echocardiography was used for LV GLS derived from 2D speckle-tracking method and LVEF with modified Simpson’s method. Outcome was assessed according to death and re-hospitalization with heart failure in the follow-up period. Results: 40 patients in DCM group and 10 patients in MI group experienced at least one event. In these 2 groups, significant differences in GLS and LVEF were found between patients with and without cardiac events (p&lt;0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed patients with worse GLS had an unfavorable outcome in both DCM and MI groups (p&lt;0.05), but LVEF did not associated with outcome. Conclusion: LV GLS has the potential to predict the outcome with higher sensitivity than LVEF in patients with heart disease regardless of ischemic etiology.
NOVEL DRUG TARGETS TO AUGMENT TEMOZOLOMIDE SENSITIVITY IN HIGH-GRADE BRAIN TUMOURS
Authors: Natasha Carmell, Stephen Brown, Sherif Khamisy, Spencer Collis
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Brain tumours kill more children and adults under 40 than any other cancer. Approximately half of primary brain tumours are high-grade malignancies known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Current treatment regimes for GBM combine de-bulking surgery with radiotherapy and the chemotherapeutic DNA alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ). However, the mean survival for GBM patients is ~15 months, with less than 10% of GBM patients surviving 5 years. This devastating prognosis highlights the urgent need for the development of novel agents to improve GBM treatment. A kinome-wide RNAi screen was carried out in a TMZ resistant GBM cell line. Cells were incubated with a low dose of TMZ and a non-toxic kinase-targeting RNAi. Cell viability was calculated by high-content microscopy and algorithm-based scoring of Hoechst-positive cells. Target validation studies of hits were carried out using additional RNAi libraries and small-molecule compound dose-escalation studies in additional GBM cell lines. We identify Extracellular Regulated Kinase 5 (ERK5) as a novel drug target to augment TMZ sensitivity. ERK5 is part of the MAPK signalling cascade, involved in cell survival and proliferation pathways, as well as cell differentiation and motility. ERK5 is dysregulated in many cancers and over-expression often results in a worse prognosis. At the mRNA level, ERK5 expression in GBM has been shown to be upregulated compared to normal tissue (REMBRANT Database). Using a range of siRNA and small molecule inhibitors in a panel of GBM cells, we have shown ERK5 inhibition sensitises GBM cell lines to TMZ. This will finding will be validated further using primary patient derived cultures and may potentially provide a novel target to improve GBM patient prognosis.
Abstract 13387: Effect of Ranolazine on the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation Following Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Soad Bekeith, Mustafain Meghani, Masood A Shariff, Deepak Asti, Nikhil Nalluri, Vratika Agarwal, Neeraj Shah, Armaghan Soomro, Muzaffar Khan, Johnathan Spagnola, Carmen Chan, Elaena Quattrocchi, Elias Youssef, John P Nabagiez, Joseph T McGinn
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common following cardiac surgery. Reduction of postoperative AF would decrease average length of stay and improve patient outcomes. Ranolazine has been shown to prevent AF by increasing postrepolarization refractoriness in atrial tissue. This study evaluates prophylactic ranolazine on postoperative AF in cardiac surgery. Hypothesis: To assess the effect of ranolazine as a selective atrial sodium channel blocker on prevention of AF following cardiac surgery. Methods: This double blinded, randomized trial assessed primary prevention of postoperative AF with ranolazine in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and/or aortic valve replacement (AVR) from 2012-13. Mitral valve surgery was an exclusion criterion. Fifty-four patients were randomly allocated to twice daily ranolazine 1000 mg (n=27) or placebo (n=27) 48 hours prior to surgical intervention and postoperatively for 14 days. Cardiac monitoring for arrhythmias was continued for 2 weeks post discharge using Holter monitor. The primary endpoint was AF up to postoperative day 14. Secondary endpoints included 30 day readmission, complications, and length of stay. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01590979). Results: Fifty-one patients completed the study to 30 days postoperatively. Cohort mean age was 64.3±11.4 years, females were 10(19%), mean ejection fraction was 46.4±14.6%, hypertension 48(89%), dyslipidemia 32(59%) and diabetes 22 (41%), with no difference between the groups. Patients underwent isolated CABG (44, 81%), AVR (4, 7%) and combined AVR/CABG (3, 6%). The incidence of AF was 24%, control 8 (30%) and treated 5 (19%) groups, a 38% reduction, not statistically significant (p=0.530). QT duration was longer in the ranolazine group (p=0.014). The length of stay of patients who developed AF was significantly longer (8.3±5.0 vs. 5.4±2.7, p=0.009), with no drug related adverse events. Conclusion: This study illustrates the prevalence of AF following cardiac surgery. Ranolazine is an antianginal medication that can be used safely in patients to reduce postoperative AF. In conclusion, this study showed a reduction in the incidence of AF by 38%. Although not statistically significant, this indicates a trend towards our hypothesis.
Intensive treatment strategies in advanced-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma (HD9 and HD12): analysis of long-term survival in two randomised trials
Authors: Bastian von Tresckow, Stefanie Kreissl, Helen Goergen, Paul J Bröckelmann, Thomas Pabst, Michael Fridrik, Mathias Rummel, Wolfram Jung, Julia Thiemer, Stephanie Sasse, Carolin Bürkle, Christian Baues, Volker Diehl, Andreas Engert, Peter Borchmann
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2018)
Reviewer Acknowledgment 2011
Authors: Otis W. Brawley, Ted Gansler
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2011)

The editors of CA depend on the wisdom and advice of many experts in deciding which topics to pursue, which manuscripts to publish, and what modifications to make to ensure medical and scientific accuracy and suitability for our readers. We thank our Associate Editors, who have performed these services for us in the past year. We are also greatly indebted to the following individuals for reviewing at least one and, in some cases, many manuscripts for the journal from July 1, 2010, to June 30, 2011. Stuart Baker Thomas Bodenheimer Michael Brennan Eduardo Bruera Elizabeth Calhoun Joseph Carver Lee-may Chen Cynthia Chernecky Robert Coleman Nessa Coyle Mary Daly Lawrence Dauer Joel Epstein Michael Ewer Jeanne Ferrante Karen Gelmon Luca Gianni Stephen Gottschalk Ramaswamy Govindan Benjamin Greer Stephanie Gregory Jeffrey Groeger Paul Grundy Barbara Henderson Joseph Jacobson Michael Kattan Scott Kaufmann Shivaani Kummar Daniel Lenihan Steven Lipshultz Henry Lynch Phuong Mai Ellen Matloff Edith Mitchell Michael Neuss Douglas Noonan Michael Perry Michael Potter Philip Saylor Rena Sellin Periasamy SelvaRaj Padmanee Sharma Roy Shore J Smith Ming Tan Ian Thompson Catherine Van Poznak Yvonne Vergouwe Armin Weinberg Elizabeth Whitley Stephen Yang Sai-Ching Yeung Peter Yu
Validation of a short-form of the Freiburg Life Quality Assessment for lymphoedema (FLQA-LS) instrument
Authors: M. Augustin, E. Conde Montero, K. Hagenström, K. Herberger, C. Blome
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Chronic lymphoedema (CLE) is a burdensome disease of multiple causes leading to significant reductions in health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). A specific method to assess HRQoL is the Freiburg Life Quality Assessment for lymphoedema (FLQA‐L), which consists of 92 items. To develop and validate a short form of the FLQA‐L with improved psychometric properties and feasibility. The FLQA‐L validation data were reanalysed by patients and experts. The application of factor analysis enabled the exclusion of lower‐load items. An optimized short version of the questionnaire (FLQA‐LS) with 33 items was generated and tested in a validation study on patients with different forms of CLE. In total, 348 patients with CLE of the upper or lower extremities were included (mean age 57.3 years, range 24–89; 90.8% female), and data from 301 patients could be analysed. Overall, 42.8% of the patients had secondary lymphoedema, 23.6% had primary lymphoedema, 9.5% had lipoedema and 24.1% had lipolymphoedema. The lower extremities were mostly affected (64.4% of the patients presented with leg involvement and 17.5% with both arm and leg impairment). The FLQA‐LS showed good internal consistency, with high Cronbach's alpha in the subscales and in the global scale ranging between 0.79 and 0.94. Regarding convergent validity, a good correlation was found with the general HRQoL questionnaire EQ‐5D (r = 0.72, P < 0.001). FLQA‐LS is an improved version of the FLQA‐L questionnaire for chronic lymphoedema. It demonstrated validity and feasibility and can be easily used in clinical practice and research studies.
Factors Associated With Variation in Outcomes in Bariatric Surgery Centers of Excellence
Authors: Anthony G. Gallagher, Richard L. Angelo, Peter Kearney
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NEUROCOGNITIVE PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH HEMISPHERIC LOW GRADE ASTROCYTOMA AND OLIGODENDROGLIOMA
Authors: Alex Leggate, Abigail Methley, Eva Bourama, Federico Roncaroli, David Coope, Pietro D’urso, Sheeba Ehsan, Jacki Bambrough, Konstantina Karabatsou
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)
Surgeons and the Scope
Authors: J. Gibbs
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 18404: Decreased and Increased Serum Calcium Levels Are Independent Predictors of In-hospital Mortality in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Arthur Shiyovich, Harel Gilutz, Ygal Plakht
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: serum calcium concentration, mg/dL (sCa) was reported to be associated with cardiovascular risk factors, incidence of coronary artery disease and of AMI. Furthermore, low, but not hig...
Therapeutic Oligonucleotides: State of the Art
Authors: C.I. Edvard Smith, Rula Zain
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2018)

Oligonucleotides (ONs) can interfere with biomolecules representing the entire extended central dogma. Antisense gapmer, steric block, splice-switching ONs, and short interfering RNA drugs have been successfully developed. Moreover, antagomirs (antimicroRNAs), microRNA mimics, aptamers, DNA decoys, DNAzymes, synthetic guide strands for CRISPR/Cas, and innate immunity-stimulating ONs are all in clinical trials. DNA-targeting, triplex-forming ONs and strand-invading ONs have made their mark on drug development research, but not yet as medicines. Both design and synthetic nucleic acid chemistry are crucial for achieving biologically active ONs. The dominating modifications are phosphorothioate linkages, base methylation, and numerous 2′-substitutions in the furanose ring, such as 2′-fluoro, O-methyl, or methoxyethyl. Locked nucleic acid and constrained ethyl, a related variant, are bridged forms where the 2′-oxygen connects to the 4′-carbon in the sugar. Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers, carrying a modified heterocyclic backbone ring, have also been commercialized. Delivery remains a major obstacle, but systemic administration and intrathecal infusion are used for treatment of the liver and brain, respectively.