tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16471: Increased Serum Soluble Hemoglobin Scavenger Receptor Levels are related to the Protective Effect of Ventricular Remodeling After Reperfusion in Patients With ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Tsukasa Matsushita, Yoshiki Mastumura, Tomotaka Yoshiyama, Kenji Simeno, Ryo Mastumoto, Yukio Abe, Kimio Kamimori, Takahiko Naruko, Kenichi Sugioka, Masashi Nakagawa, Minoru Yoshiyama, Makiko Ueda
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background:  The soluble form of hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 (sCD163) is a normal constituent of blood and is generated by proteolytic cleavage of CD163 at the cell surface. In this study, we investigated whether serum sCD163 levels are associated with LV remodeling after reperfusion in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).   Methods:  Serum sCD163 levels were measured in patients with STEMI (n=169), who underwent primary angioplasty within 24 hours of symptom onset. Measurements were taken at the acute phase (within 24 hours of STEMI onset) and at the chronic phase (14 days after STEMI onset), and the findings were related to LV remodeling following STEMI. Left ventriculography was performed at the acute phase and at 6 months after STEMI, and left ventricular end-diastolic volumes were calculated. In addition, we immunohistochemically examined the expression of CD163 in the infarcted myocardium from 11 autopsied patients, who died 1-14 days after the onset of STEMI.   Results:  Serum sCD163 levels at the chronic phase were elevated compared with the acute phase (689.9±240.1 vs. 745.0±256.8 ng/ml, P   Conclusions:  These findings suggest that increased expression and serum levels of CD163 at the chronic phase are associated with a protective effect of ventricular remodeling after reperfusion in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
A randomized trial of induction docetaxel–cisplatin–5FU followed by concomitant cisplatin-RT versus concomitant cisplatin-RT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (GORTEC 2006-02)
Authors: M. Frikha, A. Auperin, Y. Tao, F. Elloumi, N. Toumi, P. Blanchard, P. Lang, S. Sun, S. Racadot, J. Thariat, M. Alfonsi, C. Tuchais, A. Cornely, A. Moussa, J. Guigay, J. Daoud, J. Bourhis
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Resistance to receptor-blocking therapies primes tumors as targets for HER3-homing nanobiologics
Authors: Jessica D. Sims, Jan Michael Taguiam, Felix Alonso-Valenteen, Janet Markman, Hasmik Agadjanian, David Chu, Jay Lubow, Ravinder Abrol, Dustin Srinivas, Anjali Jain, Bingchen Han, Ying Qu, Parisa Mirzadehgan, Jae-Youn Hwang, Altan Rentsendorj, Alice Chung, Jenny Lester, Beth Y. Karlan, Harry B. Gray, Zeev Gross, Armando Giuliano, Xiaojiang Cui, Lali K. Medina-Kauwe
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2017)

Resistance to anti-tumor therapeutics is an important clinical problem. Tumor-targeted therapies currently used in the clinic are derived from antibodies or small molecules that mitigate growth factor activity. These have improved therapeutic efficacy and safety compared to traditional treatment modalities but resistance arises in the majority of clinical cases. Targeting such resistance could improve tumor abatement and patient survival. A growing number of such tumors are characterized by prominent expression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) on the cell surface. This study presents a "Trojan-Horse" approach to combating these tumors by using a receptor-targeted biocarrier that exploits the HER3 cell surface protein as a portal to sneak therapeutics into tumor cells by mimicking an essential ligand. The biocarrier used here combines several functions within a single fusion protein for mediating targeted cell penetration and non-covalent self-assembly with therapeutic cargo, forming HER3-homing nanobiologics. Importantly, we demonstrate here that these nanobiologics are therapeutically effective in several scenarios of resistance to clinically approved targeted inhibitors of the human EGF receptor family. We also show that such inhibitors heighten efficacy of our nanobiologics on naïve tumors by augmenting HER3 expression. This approach takes advantage of a current clinical problem (i.e. resistance to growth factor inhibition) and uses it to make tumors more susceptible to HER3 nanobiologic treatment. Moreover, we demonstrate a novel approach in addressing drug resistance by taking inhibitors against which resistance arises and re-introducing these as adjuvants, sensitizing tumors to the HER3 nanobiologics described here.
Increased Methylene Diphosphonate Uptake in the Rectus Abdominis After Strenuous Exercise
Authors: Dan Zhou, Feng Yuan, Xianfeng Peng, Haomiao Lan, Fuqiang Shao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2017)

A 28-year-old man with papillary thyroid cancer underwent bone scintigraphy to assess possible osseous metastasis. He had vigorous workouts 5 days prior, which involved pectorals, rectus abdominis, quadriceps, and glutei. However, the images only showed increased activity in the rectus abdominis, whereas other involved muscles had no obvious uptake. No lesion in the bone was identified.
Abstract 13922: Echocardiography During Resuscitation: A Paradox of Right Ventricular Dilatation in Cardiac Arrest Caused by Hypovolemia and Hyperkalemia - A Randomized Porcine Study
Authors: Rasmus Aagaard, Asger Granfeldt, Troels M Klausen, Hans Kirkegaard, Morten T Bøtker, Bo Løfgren
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: The interpretation of echocardiographic findings from patients with spontaneous circulation is often extrapolated to cardiac arrest. In patients with spontaneous circulation, severe hypovolemia causes a reduction in right ventricular (RV) diameter, which may persist during cardiac arrest. In contrast, hyperkalemia may cause RV dilation by arresting the heart in diastole. Also, animal studies have demonstrated RV dilation in ventricular fibrillation (VF). Aim: To study the RV diameter during resuscitation from cardiac arrest caused by hypovolemia and hyperkalemia, compared to VF as control. Methods: Twenty-four pigs were randomized to 7 min. of cardiac arrest induced by hypovolemia, hyperkalemia, or VF. Animals were resuscitated in accordance with the AHA 2010 Advanced Life Support guidelines. Echocardiographic images were obtained before and during cardiac arrest. Primary endpoint: RV diameter at the third rhythm analysis. Results: In the hypovolemia group, an initial decrease in RV diameter during induction of cardiac arrest was followed by an abrupt increase at the onset of cardiac arrest. Onset of cardiac arrest also increased RV diameter in both the hyperkalemia and VF group (P&lt;0.01 for all) (Figure). At third rhythm analysis, the RV was dilated in all groups compared with baseline (P&lt;0.05). In the hypovolemia group, RV diameter was 32mm (95%CI 29-35) and significantly larger than in the VF group at 25mm (95%CI 22-28) (P=0.008). In the hyperkalemia group, RV diameter was 29mm (95%CI:26-32) which was not different from hypovolemia and VF (P=NS). Conclusion: The right ventricle is dilated during resuscitation from cardiac arrest caused by hypovolemia, hyperkalemia, and ventricular fibrillation. The interpretation of echocardiographic findings in the patient with spontaneous circulation should not be extrapolated to cardiac arrest. Right ventricular dilation may be a feature inherent to cardiac arrest, rather than specific to a certain cause.
Abstract 11590: Liver Fibrosis Score Predicts Mortality in Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Yu Sato, Akiomi Yoshihisa, Shunsuke Watanabe, Tetsuro Yokokawa, Shunsuke Miura, Takamasa Sato, Satoshi Suzuki, Masayoshi Oikawa, Atsushi Kobayashi, Takayoshi Yamaki, Hiroyuki Kunii, Shu-ichi Saitoh, Yasuchika Takeishi
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has several pathophysiological aspects including stiffness of multiple organs. It has been recently reported that liver stiffness assessed by transient elastography predicts adverse prognosis in heart failure patients. Liver fibrosis is assessed by nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) fibrosis score (based on age, body mass index, aspartate aminotransferase [AST] to alanine aminotransferase [ALT] ratio, platelet counts and albumin) in patients with NAFLD. We aimed to investigate the impact of NAFLD fibrosis score on prognosis of HFpEF patients. Methods and Results: We analyzed consecutive 510 patients with HFpEF who admitted to our hospital. Out of these 510 HFpEF patients, patients with hepatitis and chronic liver disease were excluded, and 492 patients were finally analyzed. Liver fibrosis was estimated by NAFLD fibrosis score (= - 1.675 + 0.037 х age [years] + 0.094 х body mass index + 1.13 х diabetes mellitus [if presence, given 1] + 0.95 х AST [IU/L]/ ALT [IU/L] - 0.013 х platelet count [10- 9 /L] - 0.66 х albumin [mg/L]). These patients were divided into 4 groups based on the NAFLD fibrosis score: 1 st (NAFLD fibrosis score &lt; -1.13, n = 123), 2 nd (-1.13 ≤ NAFLD fibrosis score &lt; 0.20, n = 123), 3 rd (0.20 ≤ NAFLD fibrosis score &lt;1.56, n = 123) and 4 th (1.56 ≤ NAFLD fibrosis score, n = 123) quartiles. In the follow-up period (mean 1107 days), 93 deaths (33 cardiac deaths and 60 non-cardiac deaths) occurred. In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, all-cause mortality progressively increased from 1 st to 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th groups (8.1%, 12.2%, 23.6% and 31.7%, P &lt;0.001). In the Cox proportional hazard analysis, after adjusting for potential confounding factors, NAFLD fibrosis score was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in HFpEF patients (hazard ratio 1.98, 95% confidence interval 1.43-3.19, P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: NAFLD fibrosis score, a marker of liver fibrosis, can identify high risk patients with HFpEF.
NHS consults public on plans to restrict access to over-the-counter drugs
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2017)

The NHS has launched a public consultation on plans to restrict access to a range of drugs that can be bought over the counter for minor, short term conditions, which it says will free up £136m (€154m; $182m) a year to spend on more effective treatments.

It comes after NHS England agreed at its board meeting on 30 November1 to consult on the plans as part of a drive to reduce costs and unwarranted variation.

The consultation,2 which runs until 14 March 2018, proposes developing national guidance for clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) on limiting GPs’ prescribing of over-the-counter products for 35 minor or self limiting conditions.

NHS England said the plans, …
Benefits and Risks of Machine Learning Decision Support Systems
Authors: Marco D. Huesch
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
S-1 and irinotecan plus bevacizumab versus mFOLFOX6 or CapeOX plus bevacizumab as first-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (TRICOLORE): a randomized, open-label, phase III, noninferiority trial
Authors: Y. Yamada, T. Denda, M. Gamoh, I. Iwanaga, S. Yuki, H. Shimodaira, M. Nakamura, T. Yamaguchi, H. Ohori, K. Kobayashi, M. Tsuda, Y. Kobayashi, Y. Miyamoto, M. Kotake, K. Shimada, A. Sato, S. Morita, S. Takahashi, Y. Komatsu, C. Ishioka
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)

Combination therapy with oral fluoropyrimidine and irinotecan has not yet been established as first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We carried out a randomized, open-label, phase III trial to determine whether S-1 and irinotecan plus bevacizumab is noninferior to mFOLFOX6 or CapeOX plus bevacizumab in terms of progression-free survival (PFS).Patients from 53 institutions who had previously untreated mCRC were randomly assigned (1 : 1) to receive either mFOLFOX6 or CapeOX plus bevacizumab (control group) or S-1 and irinotecan plus bevacizumab (experimental group; a 3-week regimen: intravenous infusions of irinotecan 150 mg/m2 and bevacizumab 7.5 mg/kg on day 1, oral S-1 80 mg/m2 twice daily for 2 weeks, followed by a 1-week rest; or a 4-week regimen: irinotecan 100 mg/m2 and bevacizumab 5 mg/kg on days 1 and 15, S-1 80 mg/m2 twice daily for 2 weeks, followed by a 2-week rest). The primary end point was PFS. The noninferiority margin was 1.25; noninferiority would be established if the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the hazard ratio (HR) of the control group versus the experimental group was less than this margin.Between June 2012 and September 2014, 487 patients underwent randomization. Two hundred and forty-three patients assigned to the control group and 241 assigned to the experimental group were included in the primary analysis. Median PFS was 10.8 months (95% CI 9.6-11.6) in the control group and 14.0 months (95% CI 12.4-15.5) in the experimental group (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.70-1.02; P < 0.0001 for noninferiority, P = 0.0815 for superiority). One hundred and fifty-seven patients (64.9%) in the control group and 140 (58.6%) in the experimental group had adverse events of grade 3 or higher.S-1 and irinotecan plus bevacizumab is noninferior to mFOLFOX6 or CapeOX plus bevacizumab with respect to PFS as first-line treatment of mCRC and could be a new standard treatment.UMIN000007834.
Continuous activity of Foxo1 is required to prevent anergy and maintain the memory state of CD8+ T cells
Authors: Arnaud Delpoux, Rodrigo Hess Michelini, Shilpi Verma, Chen-Yen Lai, Kyla D. Omilusik, Daniel T. Utzschneider, Alec J. Redwood, Ananda W. Goldrath, Chris A. Benedict, Stephen M. Hedrick
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2017)

Upon infection with an intracellular pathogen, cytotoxic CD8+ T cells develop diverse differentiation states characterized by function, localization, longevity, and the capacity for self-renewal. The program of differentiation is determined, in part, by FOXO1, a transcription factor known to integrate extrinsic input in order to specify survival, DNA repair, self-renewal, and proliferation. At issue is whether the state of T cell differentiation is specified by initial conditions of activation or is actively maintained. To study the spectrum of T cell differentiation, we have analyzed an infection with mouse cytomegalovirus, a persistent-latent virus that elicits different cytotoxic T cell responses characterized as acute resolving or inflationary. Our results show that FOXO1 is continuously required for all the phenotypic characteristics of memory-effector T cells such that with acute inactivation of the gene encoding FOXO1, T cells revert to a short-lived effector phenotype, exhibit reduced viability, and manifest characteristics of anergy.
Nevada and Nebraska plan to use diazepam and fentanyl in upcoming executions
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Two US states have said they will use fentanyl, the synthetic opioid blamed for roughly half the deaths in America’s overdose epidemic, in upcoming executions of death row prisoners.

Legal challenges to scheduled executions in Nevada and Nebraska revealed that the states have adopted new lethal injection protocols after failing to replenish stocks of the drugs they previously used. The pharmaceutical industry opposes the use of its products to end life and an industry embargo has been highly effective in stopping the sale of potential execution drugs to states that carry out the death penalty.

Nevada and Nebraska have adopted a protocol that uses …
Таурин та його секрети в експериментальній гепатології
Authors: I.N. Kononov, V.N. Muslin, D.A. Ptushkina
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2017)

Таурин є унікальною амінокислотою. Він має різноманітні біологічні ефекти, спрямовані на підтримку фізіологічного гомеостазу, включаючи антиоксидацію, модуляцію іонного транспорту, осморегуляцію, регуляцію нейротрансмітерів і кон’югацію жовчних кислот. Саме із стабілізуючою дією таурину на мембрани пов’язують його регулюючий вплив на нормалізацію білкового, вуглеводного, електролітного обміну, активність ряду ферментів і гормонів, енергетичні та відновлювальні процеси в організмі, зміцнення імунної системи. Його кон’югування з жовчними кислотами сприяє колоїдній стабільності жовчі, що вкрай необхідно для підтримки нормального рівня холестерину в крові. З нормалізацією обміну таурину в печінці пов’язують лікування і профілактику різних захворювань серцево-судинної системи, печінки, ожиріння, дисліпідемії та атеросклерозу, а також інсулінорезистентності і цукрового діабету, очних хвороб, неврозів і депресій. Метою даної статті є привернення уваги до таурину як до потужного гепатопротектора, ґрунтуючись на експериментальних дослідженнях.
Epidemiology and return to play following isolated syndesmotic injuries of the ankle: a prospective cohort study of 3677 male professional footballers in the UEFA Elite Club Injury Study
Authors: Bart Lubberts, Pieter D’Hooghe, Håkan Bengtsson, Christopher W DiGiovanni, James Calder, Jan Ekstrand
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

To determine the epidemiology of isolated syndesmotic injuries in professional football players.Data from 15 consecutive seasons of European professional football between 2001 and 2016 contributed to the dataset of this study. Match play and training data from a total of 3677 players from 61 teams across 17 countries have been included. Team medical staff recorded player exposure and time loss injuries. Injury incidence was defined as the number of injuries per 1000 player-hours. Injury burden was defined as number of days absence per 1000 player-hours. Seasonal trends for isolated syndesmotic injury incidence, isolated syndesmotic injury proportion of ankle ligament injuries and isolated syndesmotic injury burden were analysed via linear regression.The isolated syndesmotic injury incidence was 0.05 injuries per 1000 hours of exposure (95% CI 0.04 to 0.06) or one injury per team every three seasons. The injury incidence during match play was 13 times higher compared with during training, 0.21 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.26) and 0.02 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.02), respectively. Out of the 1320 ankle ligament injuries registered during the 15 seasons, 94 (7%) were diagnosed as isolated syndesmotic injuries. An annual increase in injury incidence was observed (R2=0.495, b=0.003, 95% CI 0.001 to 0.004, P=0.003). However, no significant annual change of injury burden was observed (R2=0.033, b=0.032, 95% CI -0.073 to 0.138, P=0.520). Seventy-four per cent of the injuries were contact related, and the mean (±SD) absence following an isolated syndesmotic injury was 39 (±28) days.The incidence of isolated syndesmotic injuries in elite professional European football annually increased between 2001 and 2016.
Toxicity profile of cisplatin given at one full dose versus three divided doses for three consecutive days.
Authors: JinFeng Zhang, Ting Li, Xi-Chun Hu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e14018 Background: Cisplatin has been extensively used as a chemotherapeutical agent for treatment of many types of solid cancers for decades. Although it has been approved for use at 75 mg/m2 q3w,many doctors still prefer to administer cisplatin at divided doses for several days. We undertook this study to compare cisplatin at 75 mg/m2 for patients enrolled in our prospective clinical trials and the drug at 25 mg/m2 for 3 consecutive days for those contemporarily treated in our Hospital in terms of toxicity. Methods: 483 metastatic breast cancer patients who underwent at least one cycle of cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy were included. They received cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on day 1 with three-day hydration, q3w (cisplatin 1-day arm) or cisplatin 25 mg/m2 on day 1-3 with no hydration, q3w (cisplatin 3-day arm). Cisplatin-related adverse events were collected and analyzed, focusing on nephrotoxicity, neutropenia, nausea, vomiting, and serum electrolyte. Results: 256 patients (53.0%) received 3-day cisplatin and 227 patients (47.0%) received 1-day cisplatin. Patients received treatment for a median of six cycles (range, 2-14). Regarding treatment withdrawal due to cisplatin-induced nausea/vomiting, 11 and one event occurred in cisplatin 3- and 1-day arms, respectively. Correspondingly, the rate of creatinine abnormality was 15.0% (38/253) and 9.4% (21/224), respectively, with a marginal difference (p = 0.062). The median cycle of first occurrence of creatinine abnormality was 2 for both groups.. 44.4% of patients developed an abnormality of serum Mg2+ in 1-day arm, significantly higher than 28.3% of the 3-day arm (p = 0.025). There was no statistical difference observed in urea nitrogen (p = 0.283) , uric acid (p = 0.145),neutropenia (p = 0.138), serum K+ (p = 0.489), Na+ (p = 0.07), CL- (p = 0.976), CA2+ (p = 0.606), or P (p = 0.680). Nausea/vomiting of all grade was higher in the 1-day arm (70.9% vs 51.6%, p < 0.001) but with no difference for grade 3/4 toxicity(p = 0.187). Conclusions: The toxicity profile of cisplatin given at full-dose or three divided doses is different. Cisplatin given once at full-dose leads to more magnesium loss and nausea/vomiting, but possibly less kidney toxicity and fewer treatment withdrawals.
Pooled analysis of higher versus lower blood pressure targets for vasopressor therapy septic and vasodilatory shock
Authors: François Lamontagne, Andrew G. Day, Maureen O. Meade, Deborah J. Cook, Gordon H. Guyatt, Mathieu Hylands, Peter Radermacher, Jean-Marie Chrétien, Nicolas Beaudoin, Paul Hébert, Frédérick D’Aragon, Ferhat Meziani, Pierre Asfar
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2017)
Honoring 50 Years of Clinical Heart Transplantation in <i>Circulation</i>
Authors: Josef Stehlik, Jon Kobashigawa, Sharon A. Hunt, Hermann Reichenspurner, James K. Kirklin
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Heart transplantation has become a standard therapy option for advanced heart failure. The translation of heart transplantation from innovative experiments to long-term clinical success has married prescient insights with discipline and organization in the domains of surgical techniques, organ preservation, immunosuppression, organ donation and transplantation logistics, infection control, and long-term graft surveillance. This review explores the key milestones of the past 50 years of heart transplantation and discusses current challenges and promising innovations on the clinical horizon.