tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risk of Malignancy in Adenomas Detected During Screening Colonoscopy
Authors: Thomas Rösch, Lutz Altenhofen, Jens Kretschmann, Bernd Hagen, Hermann Brenner, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, Arno Theilmeier, Jens Aschenbeck, Andrea Tannapfel, Dominik von Stillfried, Katharina Zimmermann-Fraedrich, Karl Wegscheider
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2018)
AB1147 Evolutionary study of 45 cases of undifferentiated negative hla b27 seronegative oligoarthritis
Authors: L. Expósito Pérez, J.J. Bethencourt Baute, S. Bustabad Reyes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> The prognosis of patients with undifferentiated arthritis may vary from self-limited to severe destructive rheumatoid arthritis. Early diagnosis is important, specially in seronegative oligoarthritis in order to start a treatment as early as possible. <h3>Objectives</h3> To describe the evolution of patients older than 16 years diagnosed with negative HLA B27 seronegative oligoarthritis without axial involvement. <h3>Methods</h3> We retrospectively studied 45 patients (23 women, 22 men) with negative HLA B27 seronegative oligoarthritis without axial involvement who debuted between 1985 and 1990 and who did not meet the criteria for any of the rheumatic diseases at the time of debut: rheumatoid arthritis (AR), psoriatic arthropathy (PsA), spondyloarthropathy, enteropathic arthritis, reactive arthritis, microcrystalline arthritis or connective tissue disease. <h3>Results</h3> The mean age at onset of oligoarthritis was 42.2 years (range 17–66). The mean follow-up time was 13.7 years (range 1–32). In its evolution, a definitive diagnosis was reached in 21 (46.6%) patients, with the mean time between debut and diagnosis being 5.47 years (range 1–25): 8 AR, 4 APs (3 with involvement) peripheral and 1 mixed), 2 undifferentiated spondyloarthritis, enteropathic arthritis, 5 gouty arthropathies and one SLE. In the case of RA, the diagnosis was made on an average of 4.8 years after the debut (range 1–16); the RF was positive in 4 patients a mean of 7.6 years (range 3–11) after the debut, and the anti-CCP were positive in 3 of the patients with positive RF. Within PsA, one developed skin psoriasis, another psoriatic onicopathy at 4 years after debut and 2 continue without skin involvement but with a family history of psoriasis, all met CASPAR criteria. From the other 24 patients (53.3%), only 3 patients (12.5%) continued to be followed up, with an average of 21.3 years (range 18–26) without meeting the criteria that allow us to define diagnosis. With the rest of the patients (40.8%), followed for an average of 4.5 years, a diagnosis was not achieved by resolution of the clinical picture or loss of follow-up. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In our series, 46.6% of the patients with a diagnosis of negative HLA B27 seronegative oligoarthritis began to meet diagnostic criteria for rheumatic disease after a mean time of 5.47 years, with RA being the most frequent diagnosis (38%) after an average of 4.8 years after the arthritis onset. <h3>Reference</h3> [1] K.N. Verpoort, H. van Dongen, C.F. Allaart, R.E.M. Toes, F.C. Breedveld, T.W.J. Huinzinga. Undifferentiated arthritis-Disease course assessed in several inception cohorts. Clin Exp Rheumatol2004;22 (Suppl.35):S12-S17. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Heterogeneity in Clinical, Endoscopic, and Histologic Outcome Measures and Placebo Response Rates in Clinical Trials of Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Christopher Ma, Bram D. van Rhijn, Vipul Jairath, Tran M. Nguyen, Claire E. Parker, Seema S. Aceves, Glenn T. Furuta, Sandeep K. Gupta, David A. Katzka, Ekaterina Safroneeva, Alain M. Schoepfer, Alex Straumann, Jonathan M. Spergel, Rish K. Pai, Brian G. Feagan, Ikuo Hirano, Evan S. Dellon, Albert J. Bredenoord
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2018)
Contribution of socioeconomic factors to the variation in body-mass index in 58 low-income and middle-income countries: an econometric analysis of multilevel data
Authors: Rockli Kim, Ichiro Kawachi, Brent A Coull, S V Subramanian
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2018)

Most epidemiological studies have not simultaneously quantified variance in health within and between populations. We aimed to estimate the extent to which basic socioeconomic factors contribute to variation in body-mass index (BMI) across different populations.We pooled data from the cross-sectional Demographic and Health Surveys (2005-16) for 15-49 year old women with complete data for anthropometric measures in 58 low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared estimates from multilevel variance component models for BMI before and after adjusting for age and socioeconomic factors (place of residence, education, household wealth, and marital status). The hierarchical structure of the sample included three levels with women at level 1, communities at level 2, and countries at level 3. The primary outcome was BMI. We did a sensitivity analysis using the 2002-03 World Health Surveys.Of 1 212 758 women nested within 64 764 communities and 58 countries, we found that most unexplained variation for BMI was attributed to between-individual differences (80%) and the remaining was between-population differences (14% for countries and 6% for communities). Socioeconomic factors explained a large proportion of between-population variance in BMI (14·8% for countries and 47·1% for communities), but only about 2% of interindividual variance. In country-specific models, we found substantial variation in the magnitude of between-individual differences (variance estimates ranging from 7·6 to 31·4, or 86·0-98·6% of the total variation) and the proportion explained by socioeconomic factors (0·1-6·4%). The disproportionately large unexplained between-individual variance in BMI was consistently found in additional analyses including more comprehensive set of predictor variables, both men and women, and populations from low-income and high-income countries.Our findings on variance decomposition in BMI and explanation by socioeconomic factors at population and individual levels indicate that inferential questions that target within and between populations are importantly inter-related and should be considered simultaneously.None.
Increased Red Cell KCNN4 Activity in Sporadic Hereditary Xerocytosis Associated With Enhanced Single Channel Pressure Sensitivity of PIEZO1 Mutant V598M
Authors: Radhakrishnan Gnanasambandam, Alicia Rivera, David H. Vandorpe, Boris E. Shmukler, Carlo Brugnara, L. Michael Snyder, Immacolata Andolfo, Achille Iolascon, Paulo A. Silveira, Nelson Hamerschlak, Philip Gottlieb, Seth L. Alper
Journal: HemaSphere (2018)

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.
Programmed Death 1 Blockade With Nivolumab in Patients With Recurrent Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Josine Quispel-Janssen, Vincent van der Noort, Jeltje F. de Vries, Marion Zimmerman, Ferry Lalezari, Erik Thunnissen, Kim Monkhorst, Robert Schouten, Laurel Schunselaar, Maria Disselhorst, Houke Klomp, Koen Hartemink, Sjaak Burgers, Wieneke Buikhuisen, Paul Baas
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has limited treatment options and a poor outcome. Programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint inhibitors have proven efficacious in several cancer types. Nivolumab is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody against programmed death 1 with a favorable toxicity profile. In MPM, the immune system is considered to play an important role. We therefore tested nivolumab in recurrent MPM.In this single-center trial, patients with MPM received nivolumab 3 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks. Primary endpoint was the disease control rate at 12 weeks. Pre- and on-treatment biopsy specimens were obtained to analyze biomarkers for response.Of the 34 patients included, 8 patients (24%) had a partial response at 12 weeks and another 8 had stable disease resulting in a disease control rate at 12 weeks of 47%. One reached a partial response at 18 weeks. In 4 patients with stable disease, the tumor remained stable for more than 6 months. Treatment-related adverse events of any grade occurred in 26 patients (76%), most commonly fatigue (29%) and pruritus (15%). Grades 3 and 4 treatment-related adverse events were reported in 9 patients (26%), with pneumonitis, gastrointestinal disorders, and laboratory disorders mostly seen. One treatment-related death was due to pneumonitis and probably initiated by concurrent amiodarone therapy. PD-L1 was expressed on tumor cells in nine samples (27%), but did not correlate with outcome.Single-agent nivolumab has meaningful clinical efficacy and a manageable safety profile in pre-treated patients with mesothelioma. PD-L1 expression does not predict for response in this population.
AB1373 Urinary protein profile comparison between sle patients with and without renal involvement
Authors: N. Rivera, E. Ruiz, E. Úcar, M.L. García Vivar, F. Elortza, M. Azkargorta, O.F. Berrizbeitia, E. Galindez, I. Torre, A. Intxaurbe, J. Blanco, C. Pérez, M.J. Allande, O. Ibarguengoitia, I. Calvo, E. Guerrero
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

tissue disease (MCTD), undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD) and healthy controls (HC) will be analysed to identify clinically relevant clusters.Methods: A European multi centre, non-randomised, cross-sectional clinical study was conducted in 18 sites and 9 countries.Collection of OMIC data including genetic, epigenomic, transcriptomic (from peripheral blood and from isolated cells), flow cytometry, metabolomics and proteomic in plasma and urine, exosome analysis and classical serology (antibodies and autoantibodies) was organised.Novel and innovative methodologies including fine flow cytometry were conducted.Quality procedures were established to ensure standardisation of samples collection, processing, transportation and storage.Techniques were validated to ensure reproducibility of analyses.Unsupervised bioinformatics and biostatistics approaches will be applied.Results: Recruitment started in December 2014 and ended in October 2017.A total of 2656 participants were recruited: 377 RA, 470 SLE, 402 SSc, 385 SjS, 99 MTCD, 106 PAPs, 166 UCTD patients and 651 HCs.Median age was between 46 and 59 years and was consistent with each disease onset peak.97% of the population was Caucasian.Most of the patients were treated with standard of care therapies and less than 10% were on biologics.OMICs and bioinformatics analyses are on-going.Conclusions: We have established one of the largest collaborative multi-OMICs studies from patients with SADs.The most important challenge is now the integration of all these novel data to support hypothesis-free, machine learning-led analytical protocols.It is expected that the integration of data from affected patients, in comparison with well-matched controls, will provide new biomarker-led descriptions of clusters of potentially etiologically distinct disease entities.
Prevalence and outcomes of incidental imaging findings: umbrella review
Authors: Jack W O’Sullivan, Tim Muntinga, Sam Grigg, John P A Ioannidis
Journal: BMJ (2018)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Objective</h3> To provide an overview of the evidence on prevalence and outcomes of incidental imaging findings. <h3>Design</h3> Umbrella review of systematic reviews. <h3>Data sources</h3> Searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE up to August 2017; screening of references in included papers. <h3>Eligibility criteria</h3> Criteria included systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies that gave a prevalence of incidental abnormalities (“incidentalomas”). An incidental imaging finding was defined as an imaging abnormality in a healthy, asymptomatic patient or an imaging abnormality in a symptomatic patient, where the abnormality was not apparently related to the patient’s symptoms. Primary studies that measured the prevalence of incidentalomas in patients with a history of malignancy were also considered in sensitivity analyses. <h3>Results</h3> 20 systematic reviews (240 primary studies) were identified from 7098 references from the database search. Fifteen systematic reviews provided data to quantify the prevalence of incidentalomas, whereas 18 provided data to quantify the outcomes of incidentalomas (13 provided both). The prevalence of incidentalomas varied substantially between imaging tests; it was less than 5% for chest computed tomography for incidental pulmonary embolism in patients with and without cancer and whole body positron emission tomography (PET) or PET/computed tomography (for patients with and without cancer). Conversely, incidentalomas occurred in more than a third of images in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), chest computed tomography (for incidentalomas of thorax, abdomen, spine, or heart), and computed tomography colonoscopy (for extra-colonic incidentalomas). Intermediate rates occurred with MRI of the spine (22%) and brain (22%). The rate of malignancy in incidentalomas varied substantially between organs; the prevalence of malignancy was less than 5% in incidentalomas of the brain, parotid, and adrenal gland. Extra-colonic, prostatic, and colonic incidentalomas were malignant between 10% and 20% of the time, whereas renal, thyroid, and ovarian incidentalomas were malignant around a quarter of the time. Breast incidentalomas had the highest percentage of malignancy (42%, 95% confidence interval 31% to 54%). Many assessments had high between-study heterogeneity (15 of 20 meta-analyses with I<sup>2</sup> &gt;50%). <h3>Conclusions</h3> There is large variability across different imaging techniques both in the prevalence of incidentalomas and in the prevalence of malignancy for specific organs. This umbrella review will aid clinicians and patients weigh up the pros and cons of requesting imaging scans and will help with management decisions after an incidentaloma diagnosis. Our results can underpin the creation of guidelines to assist these decisions. <h3>Systematic review registration</h3> PROSPERO: CRD42017075679.
Overexpression of AdeABC efflux pump associated with tigecycline resistance in clinical Acinetobacter nosocomialis isolates
Authors: Y.-S. Yang, H.-Y. Chen, W.-J. Hsu, Y.-C. Chou, C.-L. Perng, H.-S. Shang, Y.-T. Hsiao, J.-R. Sun, Y.-Y. Chang, Y.-M. Liu, S.-C. Kuo, C.-P. Liu, T.-L. Chen, Y.-T. Lee, Y.-S. Yang
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2018)
An Association Between Core Mutations in Hepatitis B Virus Genotype F1b and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Alaskan Native People
Authors: Sanae Hayashi, Anis Khan, Brenna C. Simons, Chriss Homan, Takeshi Matsui, Kenji Ogawa, Keigo Kawashima, Shuko Murakami, Satoru Takahashi, Masanori Isogawa, Kazuho Ikeo, Masashi Mizokami, Brian J. McMahon, Yasuhito Tanaka
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype F1b infection is strongly associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in young Alaskan Native (AN) people. However, the mechanisms by which genotype F1b causes HCC are unclear. Here, we analyzed the clinical and virological significance of genotype F1b in long‐term serial samples from 20 HCC patients with HBV infection. Complete sequence analyses revealed that all isolates were genotype F1b. In the HCC patients, T1938C and A2051C mutations in the core region had accumulated significantly with A1762T/G1764A mutations in the basal core promoter (BCP) region and G1896A mutation in the precore (PC) region. Several HBV clones containing the core mutations were examined for their replication efficiency and core stability in vitro. Clones containing the A2051C mutation replicated more efficiently than the wild type in association with enhanced stability of core protein dimerization. In chimeric mice with human hepatocytes carrying BCP/PC/2051 mutant but not with wild‐type virus, liver fibrosis was induced in association with high levels of serum HBV DNA and hepatitis B surface antigen. Interestingly, microarray analysis and validation study showed that five genes associated with cell proliferation or carcinogenesis, v‐myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog, Grb2‐associated binding protein 2, bradykinin receptor B2, follistatin, and mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase kinase 8, were significantly up‐regulated in human hepatocytes infected with genotype F1b, particularly the BCP/PC/2051 mutant, compared with other genotypes. Conclusion: We have identified an association between Alaska‐specific core mutations and HCC development in AN people infected with genotype F1b; accumulation of these core mutations during the course of chronic infection with genotype F1b would contribute to HCC development in AN people earlier in life.
AODTU-009 Therapeutic action of ketogenic enteral nutrition in obese and overweight patients: a retrospective interventional study
Authors: C Papadia, P Basset, G Cappello, R Shidrawi
Journal: Gut (2017)

Introduction  Ketogenic Enteral Nutrition (KEN) is a modification of Blackburn’s protein-sparing modified fast, using a hypocaloric, ketogenic liquid diet. The study is a retrospective analysis that examines safety, weight loss and body composition changes after sequential 10 days cycles of KEN therapy.  Method  Anthropometric and bio-impedance data from 629 patients who underwent KEN were collected before and after completing a ten-day cycle. The study focuses on the change in outcomes from the first cycle to the second cycle and from the first cycle to the third cycle. The following outcomes were explored: weight, waist circumference, BMI, fat mass, lean mass, dry lean mass, phase angle, wellness marker, water mass as a percentage of total body weight. The cycle 1, 2 and 3 outcomes were analysed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, n) summarising the outcome at each cycle. Statistical tests were used to test for significant differences between paired cycle 1 and cycle 2 outcomes and also between paired cycle 1 and cycle 3 outcomes. For normally distributed outcomes, the paired t-test was used. Whereas for skewed outcomes, the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used. Scatter plots were used to plot percentage of excess weight loss against phase angle. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was also calculated.  Results  The results suggested significant changes for all analysed parameters. There were significant decreases in weight, waist circumference, BMI, fat mass, lean mass, dry lean mass and phase angle. Quantitative changes in lean mass and dry lean mass were negligible with respect to changes in fat mass. There was also a statistically significant increase in water mass as a% of total body weight and wellness marker from cycle 1 to cycle 3. The Pearson’s correlation coefficients r=0.18, p=0.004 and r=22, p=0.04 indicated changes in cycle 1 and cycle 3 in percentage of weight excess to be significantly, positively correlated to baseline phase angle. KEN treatment was well tolerated. 92% of patients on oral hypoglycaemics and 80% of patients on anti-hypertensive medication were able to discontinue their medication safely during KEN therapy  Conclusion  KEN treatment is safe, well tolerated and results in rapid fat loss without detriment to dry lean mass. There was found to be a statistically significant positive association between percentage of excess weight loss and baseline phase angle.  Disclosure of Interest  C. Papadia: None Declared, P. Basset: None Declared, G. Cappello: None Declared, R. Shidrawi Conflict with: Director weight management system limited
AB0442 Long-term safety and efficacy of biosimilar infliximab (CT-P13) after switching from originator infliximab: results from the 26-week open label extension of a norwegian randomised trial
Authors: G.L. Goll, K.K. Jørgensen, J. Sexton, I.C. Olsen, N. Bolstad, M. Lorentzen, E.A. Haavardsholm, C. Mørk, J. Jahnsen, T.K. Kvien
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> The NOR-SWITCH study was funded by the Norwegian government to investigate if switching from originator infliximab (INX) to biosimilar CT-P13 is safe in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthritis (SpA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and chronic plaque psoriasis (Ps). <h3>Objectives</h3> Assessing efficacy, safety. immunogenicity at week 78 in patients on CT-P13 for 78 weeks (maintenance group) vs CT-P13 for 26 weeks (switch group). <h3>Methods</h3> 481 adult patients on stable originator infliximab were randomised 1:1 to continued INX or switch to CT-P13 treatment in the main study<sup>1</sup>. All extension participants received CT-P13. The primary endpoint was disease worsening, analysed with logistic regression, adjusted for diagnosis and treatment duration. <h3>Results</h3> 380 patients entered the extension trial. Demographic and baseline (52 w) characteristics of the extension study population are shown (table 1). Disease worsening in the study arms (Per Protocol Set, PPS) and in each diagnosis (explorative analyses) are shown (table 1). Generic disease variables, disease specific composite measures, trough drug levels, anti-drug antibodies and reported adverse events were comparable between groups (data not shown). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We found no difference between patients switched from INX to CT-P13 vs those on maintained CT-P13 <h3>Reference</h3> [1] Jørgensen KK, Olsen IC, Goll GL, et al. Switching from originator infliximab to biosimilar CT-P13 compared to maintained treatment with originator infliximab (NOR-SWITCH): A 52-week randomised double-blind non-inferiority trial. Lancet2017Jun 10;389(10086):2304–2316. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> G. Goll Consultant for: AbbVie, Biogen, Boehrinfer Ingelheim, Orion Pharma, Eli Lilly, Novartis, PfizerMSD, Roche, UCB, K. Jørgensen Consultant for: Tillott, Celltrion, Intercept, J. Sexton: None declared, I. Olsen Consultant for: Pfizer, N. Bolstad Consultant for: Pfizer, Orion Pharma, Napp pharmaceuticals, Takeda, M. Lorentzen: None declared, E. Haavardsholm Consultant for: AbbVie, Pfizer, MSD, Roche, UCB, C. Mørk Consultant for: AbbVie, Novartis, LEO Pharma AS, ACI hud Norge, Cellgene AS, Galderma Nordic AB, J. Jahnsen Consultant for: AbbVie, Celltrion, Takeda, Napp Pharm, AstroPharma, Hikma, Orion Pharma, Pfizer, T. Kvien Consultant for: AbbVie, Biogen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, MSD, Roche, UCB, Boehringer Ingelheim, Epirus, JAnssen, Merck-Serono, Mundipharma, Oktal, Orion Pharma