tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Limitations Concerning the Association of Physician Sex and Patient Outcomes
Authors: Ritam Chowdhury, Abhishek R. Payal
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Efficacy of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in patients (pts) with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC) previously treated with pertuzumab (P).
Authors: Ander Urruticoechea, Seock-Ah Im, Montserrat Munoz, Jose Baselga, Denise A. Yardley, Sarah Heeson, Sarah Jones, Adam Knott, Hannah Douthwaite, Tanja Badovinac Crnjevic, Sandra M. Swain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

1023 Background: T-DM1 was approved for pts with HER2+ MBC previously treated with trastuzumab (H) and a taxane based on the phase III EMILIA study. P in combination with H + docetaxel (T) later became the first-line standard of care for HER2+ MBC, but there are limited data on T-DM1 efficacy in pts who previously received P. We present exploratory efficacy results from pts treated with T-DM1 any time after P from 2 phase III studies: CLEOPATRA and PHEREXA. Methods: CLEOPATRA (NCT00567190) and PHEREXA (NCT01026142) are randomized, 2-arm trials evaluating P-based regimens for HER2+ MBC. CLEOPATRA studies H + T + P vs HT + placebo in pts with no prior anti-HER2 treatment (tx) or chemotherapy for MBC, while PHEREXA studies H + capecitabine (C) +/− P in pts who progressed during/after previous H tx for MBC. We assessed overall survival (OS) in an exploratory analysis of pts who either received or did not receive T-DM1 at any time after discontinuing study-assigned tx in CLEOPATRA or PHEREXA. Results: Of 408 pts who received HTP in CLEOPATRA and 228 pts who received HCP in PHEREXA, 32 and 43 pts received subsequent T-DM1, respectively (Table). Median duration of T-DM1 tx was 7.1 mo (range 0−44) and 4.2 mo (range 0−22), respectively, and median time from discontinuation of P to start of T-DM1 was 3.5 mo (range 1−47) and 10.6 mo (range 1−28). Conclusions: Although data are limited in these exploratory analyses, our results provide additional evidence of T-DM1 clinical activity in pts with HER2+ MBC who progressed on prior P + H, a finding with real-world implications. Clinical trial information: NCT00567190, NCT01026142. [Table: see text]
CA19-9 decrease and overall survival (OS) in the NAPOLI-1 trial of liposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) ± 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (5-FU/LV) in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) previously treated with gemcitabine-based therapy
Authors: Li-Tzong Chen, Andrea Wang-Gillam, Yan-Shen Shan, Teresa Macarulla, Jean-Frédéric Blanc, Richard Hubner, Chang-Fang Chiu, Gilberto Schwartsmann, Jens Siveke, Pipas J. Marc, Bruce Belanger, Floris de Jong, Khalid Mamlouk, Daniel Von Hoff
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Herpes Zoster Increases the Risk of Stroke and Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Min-Chul Kim, Sung-Cheol Yun, Han-Bin Lee, Pil Hyung Lee, Seung-Whan Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Yang Soo Kim, Jun Hee Woo, Sung-Han Kim, Sun U. Kwon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Heterogeneity of MYC amplification in oesophagogastric (OG) carcinoma: Results from a prospective screening study
Authors: Michael Davidson, Lauren Aronson, Julie Howard-Reeves, Hanna Bryant, David Cunningham, David Watkins, Sheela Rao, Naureen Starling, Ros Cutts, Ruwaida Begum, Blanka Hezelova, Sarnjeet Kaur, Marta Cardenosa, Jennifer Keen, John Swansbury, Andrew Wotherspoon, Ian Chau, Irene Chong
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
The HPV16 E6 oncogene increases its versatility by oligomerization
Authors: Maria Filippova, Sandy Tungteakkhun, Roxanne Williams, Valery Filippov, Nadya Fodor, Penelope Duerksen-Hughes
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

4716   High risk strains of human papillomavirus (HPV), such as HPV 16 and HPV 18, are the causative agents of most cases of human cervical carcinomas, as well as some cases of head and neck cancer. E6, one of the oncogenes encoded by HPV 16, mediates a rapid, ubiquitin-dependant degradation of the tumor suppressor p53, and thus loss of p53 contributes to the oncogenic potential of high risk HPVs. E6 also possesses other biological and transforming functions as a result of E6 binding to cellular proteins that are involved in a number of cellular functions, such as regulation of transcription and DNA replication, epithelial organization and differentiation, cell-cell adhesion, polarity, proliferation control, DNA repair, apoptosis and immune evasion. The ability of E6 to affect the normal flow of numerous host pathways can be accounted for in part by the diverse forms in which E6 can exist in cells. First, E6 is expressed in host cells as three splicing variants, a full length isoform of ~16 kDa (E6 large), and two smaller proteins of ~7-8 kDa (E6*). Second, these splicing isoforms are capable of binding to each other and thus modulating their own activities. Furthermore, E6 complexes acquire new properties as compared to E6 monomer forms. For example, E6 large and E6* produce 40-50 kDa complexes which participate in pseudo-DISC formation following TNF-α stimulation. In addition, the smaller E6 isoforms can oligomerize and form SDS-resistant complexes of different sizes. In addition, the smaller E6 isoforms can bind to host proteins, thus modifying their stability. For example, the binding of E6* to procaspase 8 increases its stability. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to show that specific amino acid residues of the E6 sequence are required for these sticky properties of E6. The ability of E6 to oligomerize has the potential to greatly amplify the number of biological functions performed by the E6 oncogene.
Surgical resection of primary tumors in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer and unresectable liver metastases
Authors: Lourdes Calera Urquizu, Isabel Pajares, Ana Cebollero, de Eulate esa Van Alvarez, Raquel Jaso, Itziar Trueba Garayo, Carmen Vallejo, De Pace Laura Aller, Lourdes Gutierrez, Fernando Rivera
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Abstract 106: Kcne2 Gene Deletion Predisposes To Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Zhaoyang Hu, Ritu Kant, Marie Anand, Elizabeth King, Trine Krogh-Madsen, David Christini, Geoffrey Abbott
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) accounts for an estimated 1000 deaths per day in the United States alone. SCD typically involves an ischemic substrate and culminates in a lethal ventricular arrhythmia. KCNE2 potassium channel subunit gene variants are associated with cardiac arrhythmias including Long QT Syndrome, and impaired cardiac potassium channel function. KCNE2 is expressed in ventricular and atrial myocytes, but is also present in various epithelia, the potential cardiac implications of which have been largely overlooked. Here, we investigated whether KCNE2 gene disruption could also perturb cardiac function via disruption of extracardiac roles. Targeted Kcne2 deletion in mice caused hypercholesterolemia, glucose dysregulation and anemia - factors all known to predispose to myocardial ischemia in later life. In addition, Kcne2 -/- mice exhibited hyperkalemia, elevated serum angiotensin II, and prolonged T wave elevation - all potentially arrhythmogenic. Finally, in young female mice lacking overt baseline ischemia, Kcne2 -/- but not Kcne2 +/+ mice exhibited polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation and SCD within 20 minutes of reperfusion after brief coronary artery ligation. The findings demonstrate that Kcne2 disruption creates a spectrum of abnormalities that produce both systemic and electrical substrates for SCD.
Mitotic Frequency in Methylcholanthrene Epidermal Carcinogenesis in Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Zola K. Cooper, Helen C. Reller
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1942)

Journal Article Mitotic Frequency in Methylcholanthrene Epidermal Carcinogenesis in Mice Get access Zola K. Cooper, Zola K. Cooper associate pathologist Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Helen C. Reller Helen C. Reller research assistant Barnard Free Skin and Cancer Hospital, Saint Louis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 2, Issue 4, February 1942, Pages 335–344, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/2.4.335 Published: 01 February 1942
Injury epidemiology of tennis players at the 2011–2016 Australian Open Grand Slam
Authors: Danielle T Gescheit, Stuart J Cormack, Rob Duffield, Stephanie Kovalchik, Tim O Wood, Melanie Omizzolo, Machar Reid
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

To examine the epidemiology and in-event treatment frequency of injury at the 2011-2016 Australian Open tournaments.Injury incidence was defined as a medical consultation by a tournament physician and in-event treatment frequency as the mean total number of follow-up medical/physiotherapy consultations (2013-2016 tournaments only). Data were collated by sex, injury region and type and reported as frequencies per 10 000 game exposures. Incidence rate s± 95% CI and rate ratios were used to test effects for injury, sex and year.Female players experienced more injuries than male players (201.7 vs 148.6). The shoulder (5.1±1.1 injuries per year), foot (3.2±1.1), wrist (3.1±1.5) and knee (3.1±1.1) were the most commonly injured regions among females. Knee (3.5±1.6), ankle (2.3±1.3) and thigh (2.3±1.5) were the most prevalent male injuries. Upper arm injuries and in-event treatment frequency increased by ≥2.4 times in both sexes over the 5-year period. Muscle injuries were most frequent. There was a greater than twofold increase in men and women with stress fractures over the 5-year period. The torso region, including the neck, thoracic spine, trunk and abdominal, lumbar spine, hip and groin, pelvis/buttock, attracted high in-event treatment frequencies in both sexes.Investigation of injury at the Australian Open suggests that females are more commonly injured than males. Upper and lower extremity injuries affected females while lower limb injuries were more prominent in males. There was an increasing rate of in-event treatments of upper limb and torso injuries as well as stress fractures during the observation period.
Eradication of Barrett’s neoplasia: endoscopy vs. laparoscopy
Authors: Erik Schoon
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

In the past 10 years, endoscopic therapy has replaced esophagectomy for the treatment of dysplasia and early cancer in Barrett’s esophagus. The spectrum of technologies used for the eradication of dysplastic Barrett’s mucosa is evolving: endoscopic resection (such as endoscopic mucosal resection [EMR] and endoscopic submucosal dissection), and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are established endoscopic techniques; hybrid argon plasma coagulation and cryoablation are promising and currently under further investigation [1]; other techniques such as photodynamic therapy have been abandoned because of a lack of efficacy.
Eosinophilic Oesophagitis in Adults: An Emerging Disease
Authors: B Lee, D Hughes, W Dickey, C Steele
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Aims: Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EO) is a distinct clinico-pathological entity which has been exclusively described in children. However EO is emerging in the adult population. We aim to determine the prevalence, the clinical and endoscopic features of EO diagnosed in our hospital.
Fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy
Authors: Chantal Dysli, Sebastian Wolf, Mikhail Y. Berezin, Lydia Sauer, Martin Hammer, Martin S. Zinkernagel
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2017)

Imaging techniques based on retinal autofluorescence have found broad applications in ophthalmology because they are extremely sensitive and noninvasive. Conventional fundus autofluorescence imaging measures fluorescence intensity of endogenous retinal fluorophores. It mainly derives its signal from lipofuscin at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium. Fundus autofluorescence, however, can not only be characterized by the spatial distribution of the fluorescence intensity or emission spectrum, but also by a characteristic fluorescence lifetime function. The fluorescence lifetime is the average amount of time a fluorophore remains in the excited state following excitation. Fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) is an emerging imaging modality for in vivo measurement of lifetimes of endogenous retinal fluorophores. Recent reports in this field have contributed to our understanding of the pathophysiology of various macular and retinal diseases. Within this review, the basic concept of fluorescence lifetime imaging is provided. It includes technical background information and correlation with in vitro measurements of individual retinal metabolites. In a second part, clinical applications of fluorescence lifetime imaging and fluorescence lifetime features of selected retinal diseases such as Stargardt disease, age-related macular degeneration, choroideremia, central serous chorioretinopathy, macular holes, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal artery occlusion are discussed. Potential areas of use for fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy will be outlined at the end of this review.
ZK 261991. a novel VEGFR inhibitor for tumor therapy
Authors: Karl-Heinz Thierauch, Martin Haberey, Holger Hess-Stumpp, Andreas Huth, Stuart Ince, Martin Krueger, Rolf Bohlmann, Ludwig Zorn, Ulla Moenning, Kirstin Meyer, Andreas Reichel
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

2135   Inhibition of VEGF signalling is an approved cancer therapy for different solid tumours. Prerequisites for long term therapy, which is essential, are appropriate pharmacokinetic characteristics and a manageable side effect profile enabling combination with other therapeutics.  Recently, ZK 261991 was identified as a promising novel VEGFR inhibitor, the profile of which we would now like to disclose. In addition to the strong inhibition of VEGFRs  in vitro  and on a cellular level (VEGFR-2 kinase IC 50  5 nM, receptor autophosphorylation in KDR-PAEC IC 50  2 nM, FLT-4 receptor autophosphorylation IC 50  20 nM), ZK 261991 displays inhibitory activity  versus  c-raf (IC 50  14 nM), c-fms (IC 50  20 nM) and c-kit (IC 50  500 nM). In  in vivo  efficacy models, ZK 261991 inhibited the growth of a variety of tumours up to 90%  vs.  control and induced even regressions of established tumours in the case of Du-145 prostate and MATU breast cancer xenografts at doses of 30 mg/ q.d. or 12.5 mg bid. Combinations with chemotherapeutics like paclitaxel and cis-platinum do not increase toxicity, but improve therapy in an additive manner. The pharmacokinetics in rats and mice will be discussed and comparison made to  in vivo  studies of receptor phosphorylation as measured in Western blots and efficacy measurments, in order to determine the VEGFR inhibition required for maximum efficacy.  The toxicological profile of ZK 261991 shows the class specific VEGFR inhibitor effects of alterations in epiphyseal growth plate formation, downgrowth of mucosal glands to the gastroduodenal junction as well as growth inhibition of rodent teeth. In contrast to other VEGFR inhibitors, ZK 261991 does not influence wound healing in skin punches nor does it weaken the tensile strength of skin as compared to controls.  In summary, the high efficacy, including tumour regression in established tumours, combined with its low toxicity recommends ZK 261991 for development as a drug for the therapy of solid tumours also in combination with other chemotherapeutics.
Expanded Cystic Fibrosis Therapy
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Targeted Loss of Cardiac L-type Ca2+ Ca(v)1.2 Channels in Adult Mouse Causes Sinus Node Dysfunction, AV block and Supraventricular Tachycardias
Authors: J D Foell, J M Best, M Lei, R C Balijepalli, J D Molkentin, P A Powers, D McKinnon, T J Kamp
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Effect of exercise on weight, body fat, and serum inflammatory biomarkers in breast cancer survivors with aromatase inhibitor arthralgias: The hormones and physical exercise (HOPE) study.
Authors: Melinda Irwin, Brenda Cartmel, Cary Gross, Fangyong Li, Xiaopan Yao, Martha Fiellin, Elizabeth Ercolano, Maura Harrigan, Yang Zhou, Tara Beth Sanft, Kathryn Schmitz, Dawn Hershman, Jennifer Ligibel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

9536 Background: We recently reported that exercise reduced AI-associated arthralgias. This analysis examined potential mechanisms mediating the effect on exercise on arthralgia, specifically weight, body fat and serum C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, and TNF-α. Methods: Women taking an AI for breast cancer and experiencing arthralgia were randomized to exercise (150 min/wk of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise and twice-weekly supervised resistance exercise) or control. Weight, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scans, and a fasting blood sample were collected at baseline and 12-months. We used analysis of covariance, adjusted for baseline values, to evaluate mean weight, fat and inflammatory changes across groups, and used Baron and Kenny approach for mediation analysis. We evaluated moderation effects by including an interaction in the analysis. Results: We randomized 61 to exercise and 60 to control. Exercisers participated in, an average, 70% of resistance training sessions and 119 min/wk of aerobic exercise. Weight, body fat and CRP decreased at 12 months among exercisers (Table 1). Changes in these variables were not correlated with changes in arthralgia, and the interactions were not significant. After adjusting for weight, body fat and CRP, exercise decreased arthralgia by 35% vs. no change among control, p = .0059. Conclusions: Exercise decreased weight, body fat and CRP in breast cancer survivors experiencing AI-associated arthralgia. However, these changes did not mediate the effect of exercise on arthralgia. Exercise exerts beneficial effects on arthralgia via mechanisms not related to weight or systemic inflammation. Changes in weight, body fat, and inflammatory biomarkers (mean (SE)). Baseline 12 M change Exercisers Control p-value Exercisers Control p-value Weight (kg) 78.4 (2.1) 75.9 (2.1) 0.40 -2.5 (0.8) 0.1 (0.7) 0.018 Body fat (%) 40.8 (0.8) 40.7 (0.8) 0.90 -1.4 (0.6) 0.3 (0.7) 0.056 CRP (mg/L) 3.36 (0.51) 3.27 (0.51) 0.89 -0.21 (0.37) 0.52 (0.41) 0.09 IL-6 (pg/mL) 1.77 (0.14) 1.60 (0.15) 0.39 -0.009 (0.12) 0.16 (0.12) 0.34 TNF-α (pg/mg) 1.81 (0.09) 1.72 (0.09) 0.47 0.12 (0.24) 0.25 (0.26) 0.71
Disrupted Prefrontal Regulation of Striatal Subjective Value Signals in Psychopathy
Authors: Jay G. Hosking, Erik K. Kastman, Hayley M. Dorfman, Gregory R. Samanez-Larkin, Arielle Baskin-Sommers, Kent A. Kiehl, Joseph P. Newman, Joshua W. Buckholtz
Journal: Neuron (2017)
Bevacizumab Induces Acute Hypoxia and Cancer Progression in Patients with Refractory Breast Cancer: Multimodal Functional Imaging and Multiplex Cytokine Analysis
Authors: Shigeto Ueda, Toshiaki Saeki, Akihiko Osaki, Tomohiko Yamane, Ichiei Kuji
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2017)

Purpose: Bevacizumab, an antibody against endothelial growth factor, is a key but controversial drug in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. We, therefore, aimed to determine the intrinsic resistance to bevacizumab at the physiologic and molecular levels in advanced breast cancer using PET, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging (DOSI), and multiplex cytokine assays.Experimental Design: In total, 28 patients diagnosed with advanced stage III/IV breast cancer receiving single-agent bevacizumab for 1 week followed by paclitaxel combined with bevacizumab underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET, 18F-fluoromisonidazole (FMISO)-PET, and MRI at both baseline and two courses after treatment initiation. Hemodynamic measurement using DOSI and blood sample collection were performed at baseline and multiple times during the first week after the initiation of single-agent bevacizumab. We distinguished nonresponders from responders by serial FDG-PET based on their glycolytic changes to chemotherapy.Results: Nonresponders showed significantly higher hypoxic activity on FMISO-PET and less tumor shrinkage than responders. Hemodynamic parameters showed higher tumor blood volume and a remarkable decrease in the tissue oxygen level in nonresponders compared with responders after the infusion of single-agent bevacizumab. Multiplex cytokine assays revealed increased plasma levels of both proangiogenic and hypoxia-related inflammatory cytokines in nonresponders and decreased levels in responders.Conclusions: Nonresponders exhibited a higher degree of angiogenesis with more severe hypoxia than responders during bevacizumab treatment. These findings demonstrated that the addition of bevacizumab to paclitaxel treatment under hypoxic conditions could be ineffective and may result in acute hypoxia and increased cytokine secretion associated with cancer progression. Clin Cancer Res; 23(19); 5769-78. ©2017 AACR.
Prognostic significance of VEGF and HIF 1 ? in hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving sorafenib versus metformin sorafenib combination
Authors: Shereen El Shorbagy, Rasha Haggag, Fouad Abutaleb, Hany A. Labib, Huda Ebian, Ola Harb, Mona Mohammed, Hanaa Rashied, Khaled Elbana, Sameh Saber
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)