tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endoscopy assistants influence the quality of colonoscopy
Authors: Øyvind Holme, Ina Pedersen, Asle Medhus, Lars Aabakken, Tom Glomsaker, Jan Kvamme, Magnus Løberg, Michael Bretthauer, Birgitte Seip, Øystein Kjellevold, Anita Jørgensen, Siv Furholm, Geir Hoff, Thomas de Lange
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Abstract Background Colonoscopy performance varies between endoscopists, but little is known about the impact of endoscopy assistants on key performance indicators. We used a large prospective colonoscopy quality database to perform an exploratory study to evaluate differences in selected quality indicators between endoscopy assistants. Methods All colonoscopies reported to the Norwegian colonoscopy quality assurance register Gastronet can be used to trace individual endoscopy assistants. We analyzed key quality indicators (cecum intubation rate, polyp detection rate, colonoscopies rated as severely painful, colonoscopies with sedation or analgesia, and satisfaction with information) for colonoscopies performed between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2014. Differences between individual assistants were analyzed by fitting multivariable logistic regression models, with the best performing assistant at each participating hospital as reference. All models were adjusted for the endoscopist. Results 63 endoscopy assistants from 12 hospitals assisted in 15 365 colonoscopies. Compared with their top performing peers from the same hospital, one assistant was associated with cecum intubation failure, four with poor polyp detection, nine with painful colonoscopy, 16 with administration of sedation or analgesics during colonoscopy, and three with patient dissatisfaction about information given relating to the colonoscopy. The number of procedures during the study period or lifetime experience as an endoscopy assistant were not associated with any quality indicator. Conclusion In this exploratory study, there was little variation on important colonoscopy quality indicators between endoscopy assistants. However, there were differences among assistants that may be clinically important. Endoscopy assistants should be subject to quality surveillance similarly to endoscopists.
Surveillance de la résistance aux antituberculeux en Europe en 1997 : étude de faisabilité
Authors: V Schwoebel, D Antoine, J Veen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2000)

On a rapporte des donnees de sensibilite aux antituberculeux en 1997 pour 28% a 100% des isolats de dix pays participant au reseau EuroTB. La resistance etait plus frequente chez les patients nes a l’etranger et, de maniere generale, chez les patients qui avaient deja ete traites pour une tuberculose.
EGF and S100A7 interact to regulate Jab1 in breast cancer and may influence progression of DCIS and early breast cancer
Authors: Jiaxu Wang, Rebecca Barnes, Melanie Olson, Peter Watson
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

3929   Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a key step that precedes the earliest stages of tumor cells spreading in breast cancer. DCIS represents the ideal target in a strategy to prevent progression to invasive breast cancer. However, the biology of DCIS is relatively poorly understood. S100A7 is a Ca2 +  - binding protein, which is one of the most highly expressed genes in DCIS, and is believed to influence tumor progression through interaction with Jab1 and stimulation of Jab1 related activities. The epidermal growth factors (EGF) have also been shown to be important in normal and breast cancer biology, exerting their effects through tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors. These receptors, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), S100A7, and Jab1 are frequently expressed in DCIS and associated with the same estrogen receptor negative (ER-ve) tumor phenotype.  To investigate the possible interaction of S100A7-Jab1 and EGFR sigalling pathways in breast cancer progression, we examined these pathways in breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-231-FD3 (S100A7 transfected), and MDA-MD-468. EGF increased S100A7 expression in MDA-MB-231-FD3 and MDA-MD-468 cell lines compared to MDA-MB-231 and also increases Jab1 translocation from cytoplasm to nuclear cellular compartments. The effect of EGF on S100A7 occurs predominantly at the level of protein levels and correlates with the relative levels of EGFR in these cell lines. Inhibition of EGFR by EGF receptor kinase inhibitor, AG 1478, also reduced S100A7 expression and blocked Jab1 redistribution to nucleus. Jab1 redistribution was also prevented by pretreatment with PD98059, an ERK pathway inhibitor.  Our results show that EGF activation of EGFR regulates Jab1 and that this pathway interacts with the S100A7-Jab1 pathway through both regulation of S100A7 and synergistic effects on Jab1. Exploration of the relevance of these observations in breast cancer tissues is in progress. We conclude that the interaction between the EGFR and S100A7-Jab1 pathways which are both prevalent in DCIS, may play an important role in early breast cancer progression. Understanding these interactions may have an important role in the development of novel anticancer targeted therapies in breast cancer progression in DCIS.
Mechanism of cell death by 8-amino-adenosine
Authors: Jennifer A. Frey, Varsha Gandhi
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

4661   Our previous work has demonstrated the nucleoside analog 8-amino-adenosine accumulates as the triphosphate (8-amino-ATP) and induces cell death in multiple myeloma MM.1S cell line ( Mol Cancer Ther  3:1411, 2004). The mechanism of cytotoxicity was postulated to be due to a decline in the intracellular ATP pool and RNA synthesis inhibition. This study was initiated to determine which of these actions is responsible for analog induced cell death. Actinomycin D (Act D) is used as a frank RNA synthesis inhibitor at a concentration that affects RNA synthesis to a similar extent as 10 μM 8-amino-adenosine. After 6 hours, 8-amino-adenosine and Act D inhibit RNA synthesis by 92% and 86% compared to untreated cells. Although the RNA synthesis declines are similar with each agent, 8-amino-adenosine has a larger impact on caspase activation. Extrinsic caspases-8 and -10 are activated 3- to 4-fold more by 8-amino-adenosine compared to Act D while caspases-9, -6, and -3 are activated 2.5 to 3.5 times greater. The intracellular ATP level after Act D treatment is similar to the control whereas 8-amino-adenosine treated cells had 26% ATP remaining. These results indicate that frank RNA synthesis inhibition may not be solely responsible for cell death by 8-amino-adenosine. To determine the consequences of bioenergy depletion, pure ATP synthesis inhibitors are employed to decrease the ATP pool. The glycolysis inhibitor, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, and the electron transport chain inhibitor, antimycin A, are used to treat cells in the presence and absence of glucose. Treatment with 8-amino-adenosine lowers the intracellular ATP pool by 75% which was not replenished by addition of exogenous glucose. Under glucose-free conditions, 8-amino-adenosine induces activation of caspases-8, -9, and -3 by 6-, 8-, and 10-fold compared to untreated cells. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose causes intracellular ATP to decrease to 64% (with glucose) and 22% (without glucose) of the control ATP level without caspase activation. These results indicate that the extent of glycolysis inhibition alone did not induce cell death in these multiple myeloma cells. Antimycin A treatment decreases the ATP concentration by 24% and 93% in the presence and absence of glucose. Under glucose conditions, caspases-8, -9, and -3 are activated by antimycin A between 3- and 5-fold greater than untreated cells. However, in glucose-free media, antimycin A activates these caspases even higher. These results indicate that decreases in the ATP pool inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation lead to dramatic increases in caspase activation. Hence, 8-amino-adenosine-induced caspase activation mimics cellular bioenergy decline by antimycin A treatment. In conclusion, this work demonstrates 8-amino-adenosine induced cell death proceeds as a result of intracellular ATP pool decline while the effect on RNA synthesis may play a less significant role in cell death by this analog.
Possible Racial Disparities in NICU Breast Milk Use
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prostate Cancer Screening and the Goldilocks Principle: How Much Is Just Right?
Authors: Izak Faiena, Stuart Holden, Mathew R. Cooperberg, Stuart Holden, Howard R. Soule, Jonathan W. Simons, Todd M. Morgan, David F. Penson, Alicia K. Morgans, Maha Hussain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)
Effect of Rituximab in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma - results of the Randomized Phase III HOVON 105/ALLG NHL 24 Study
Authors: Jacoline Bromberg, Samar Issa, Katerina Bukanina, Monique C Minnema, Tatjana Seute, Marc Durian, Gavin Cull, Harry C. Schouten, Wendy B Stevens, Josée Zijlstra, Johanna W. Baars, Marcel Nijland, Kylie Mason, Aart Beeker, Martin van den Bent, Daphne de Jong, Michael Anthony Gonzales, Jeanette K. Doorduijn
Journal: Blood (2017)
Selective Inhibition of Nuclear Export With Oral Selinexor for Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Dan T. Vogl, David Dingli, Robert Frank Cornell, Carol Ann Huff, Sundar Jagannath, Divaya Bhutani, Jeffrey Zonder, Rachid Baz, Ajay Nooka, Joshua Richter, Craig Cole, Ravi Vij, Andrzej Jakubowiak, Rafat Abonour, Gary Schiller, Terri L. Parker, Luciano J. Costa, David Kaminetzky, James E. Hoffman, Andrew J. Yee, Ajai Chari, David Siegel, Rafael Fonseca, Scott Van Wier, Gregory Ahmann, Ilsel Lopez, Michael Kauffman, Sharon Shacham, Jean-Richard Saint-Martin, Carla D. Picklesimer, Cassandra Choe-Juliak, A. Keith Stewart
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

Purpose Selinexor, a first-in-class, oral, selective exportin 1 (XPO1) inhibitor, induces apoptosis in cancer cells through nuclear retention of tumor suppressor proteins and the glucocorticoid receptor, along with inhibition of translation of oncoprotein mRNAs. We studied selinexor in combination with low-dose dexamethasone in patients with multiple myeloma refractory to the most active available agents. Patients and Methods This phase II trial evaluated selinexor 80 mg and dexamethasone 20 mg, both orally and twice weekly, in patients with myeloma refractory to bortezomib, carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide (quad-refractory disease), with a subset also refractory to an anti-CD38 antibody (penta-refractory disease). The primary end point was overall response rate (ORR). Results Of 79 patients, 48 had quad-refractory and 31 had penta-refractory myeloma. Patients had received a median of seven prior regimens. The ORR was 21% and was similar for patients with quad-refractory (21%) and penta-refractory (20%) disease. Among patients with high-risk cytogenetics, including t(4;14), t(14;16), and del(17p), the ORR was 35% (six of 17 patients). The median duration of response was 5 months, and 65% of responding patients were alive at 12 months. The most common grade ≥ 3 adverse events were thrombocytopenia (59%), anemia (28%), neutropenia (23%), hyponatremia (22%), leukopenia (15%), and fatigue (15%). Dose interruptions for adverse events occurred in 41 patients (52%), dose reductions occurred in 29 patients (37%), and treatment discontinuation occurred in 14 patients (18%). Conclusion The combination of selinexor and dexamethasone has an ORR of 21% in patients with heavily pretreated, refractory myeloma with limited therapeutic options.
Response to: ‘Bisphosphonates reduce the risk of knee replacement: we need more analyses!’ by Li <i>et al</i>
Authors: Tuhina Neogi, Shanshan Li, Christine Peloquin, Devyani Misra, Yuqing Zhang
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

Response to: 'Bisphosphonates reduce the risk of knee replacement: we need more analyses!'by Li et alWe thank Dr Li and colleagues 1 for their interest in our paper.As outlined in our paper, 2 we used data from a large general practitioner electronic health records database for our study.These data are collected and recorded as part of routine clinical care with diagnostic codes.As such, factors such as willingness to undergo and access to knee replacement (KR), knee pain severity, disability, quality of life and others are not available in this database, and we were thus unable to examine these as potential confounders.We were, however, able to account for socioeconomic status (Townsend Deprivation Index), and performed sensitivity analyses demonstrating that substantial residual confounding is unlikely.The assessment of bisphosphonate exposure was based on prescription data, and alendronate was the most common bisphosphonate prescribed (84%), as described in the paper. 2 The potential mechanisms by which bisphosphonates may confer the noted effects were beyond the scope of this paper.Nonetheless, it is not clear that bisphosphonate initiation would alter one's willingness to undergo KR or access to KR such that a protective effect would be noted in our study.We included both total and unicompartmental primary knee arthroplasty since either surgery would indicate substantially symptomatic knee osteoarthritis, but did not include revision surgery since the reasons for that procedure are not for severe/end-stage osteoarthritis; this is the same approach used by the other studies we had cited on this matter.As per standard time-to-event analyses, subjects were censored at the first KR, among the other censoring factors outlined in the paper.
Tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein promotes hepatocellular carcinogenesis, recurrence and metastasis
Authors: Jun Ho Lee, Jae Hee Suh, Soo Youn Choi, Hyun Je Kang, Hwan Hee Lee, Byeong Jin Ye, Gap Ryol Lee, Seok Won Jung, Chang Jae Kim, Whaseon Lee-Kwon, Jiyoung Park, Kyungjae Myung, Neung Hwa Park, Hyug Moo Kwon
Journal: Gut (2018)

Objectives Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer with high rate of recurrence and mortality. Diverse aetiological agents and wide heterogeneity in individual tumours impede effective and personalised treatment. Tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein (TonEBP) is a transcriptional cofactor for the expression of proinflammatory genes. Although inflammation is intimately associated with the pathogenesis of HCC, the role of TonEBP is unknown. We aimed to identify function of TonEBP in HCC. Design Tumours with surrounding hepatic tissues were obtained from 296 patients with HCC who received completion resection. TonEBP expression was analysed by quantitative reverse transcription–quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and immunohfistochemical analyses of tissue microarrays. Mice with TonEBP haplodeficiency, and hepatocyte-specific and myeloid-specific TonEBP deletion were used along with HCC and hepatocyte cell lines. Results TonEBP expression is higher in tumours than in adjacent non-tumour tissues in 92.6% of patients with HCC regardless of aetiology associated. The TonEBP expression in tumours and adjacent non-tumour tissues predicts recurrence, metastasis and death in multivariate analyses. TonEBP drives the expression of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) by stimulating the promoter. In mouse models of HCC, three common sites of TonEBP action in response to diverse aetiological agents leading to tumourigenesis and tumour growth were found: cell injury and inflammation, induction by oxidative stress and stimulation of the COX-2 promoter. Conclusions TonEBP is a key component of the common pathway in tumourigenesis and tumour progression of HCC in response to diverse aetiological insults. TonEBP is involved in multiple steps along the pathway, rendering it an attractive therapeutic target as well as a prognostic biomarker.
Complex Interplay between Epitope Specificity and Isotype Dictates the Biological Activity of Anti-human CD40 Antibodies
Authors: Xiaojie Yu, H.T. Claude Chan, Christian M. Orr, Osman Dadas, Steven G. Booth, Lekh N. Dahal, Christine A. Penfold, Lyn O'Brien, C. Ian Mockridge, Ruth R. French, Patrick Duriez, Leon R. Douglas, Arwen R. Pearson, Mark S. Cragg, Ivo Tews, Martin J. Glennie, Ann L. White
Journal: Cancer Cell (2018)

Anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that promote or inhibit receptor function hold promise as therapeutics for cancer and autoimmunity. Rules governing their diverse range of functions, however, are lacking. Here we determined characteristics of nine hCD40 mAbs engaging epitopes throughout the CD40 extracellular region expressed as varying isotypes. All mAb formats were strong agonists when hyper-crosslinked; however, only those binding the membrane-distal cysteine-rich domain 1 (CRD1) retained agonistic activity with physiological Fc gamma receptor crosslinking or as human immunoglobulin G2 isotype; agonistic activity decreased as epitopes drew closer to the membrane. In addition, all CRD2-4 binding mAbs blocked CD40 ligand interaction and were potent antagonists. Thus, the membrane distal CRD1 provides a region of choice for selecting CD40 agonists while CRD2-4 provides antagonistic epitopes.
18F–Sodium Fluoride Uptake in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Rachael O. Forsythe, Marc R. Dweck, Olivia M.B. McBride, Alex T. Vesey, Scott I. Semple, Anoop S.V. Shah, Philip D. Adamson, William A. Wallace, Jakub Kaczynski, Weiyang Ho, Edwin J.R. van Beek, Calum D. Gray, Alison Fletcher, Christophe Lucatelli, Aleksander Marin, Paul Burns, Andrew Tambyraja, Roderick T.A. Chalmers, Graeme Weir, Neil Mitchard, Adriana Tavares, Jennifer M.J. Robson, David E. Newby
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)

Fluorine-18-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) uptake is a marker of active vascular calcification associated with high-risk atherosclerotic plaque.In patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), the authors assessed whether 18F-NaF positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) predicts AAA growth and clinical outcomes.In prospective case-control (n = 20 per group) and longitudinal cohort (n = 72) studies, patients with AAA (aortic diameter >40 mm) and control subjects (aortic diameter <30 mm) underwent abdominal ultrasound, 18F-NaF PET-CT, CT angiography, and calcium scoring. Clinical endpoints were aneurysm expansion and the composite of AAA repair or rupture.Fluorine-18-NaF uptake was increased in AAA compared with nonaneurysmal regions within the same aorta (p = 0.004) and aortas of control subjects (p = 0.023). Histology and micro-PET-CT demonstrated that 18F-NaF uptake localized to areas of aneurysm disease and active calcification. In 72 patients within the longitudinal cohort study (mean age 73 ± 7 years, 85% men, baseline aneurysm diameter 48.8 ± 7.7 mm), there were 19 aneurysm repairs (26.4%) and 3 ruptures (4.2%) after 510 ± 196 days. Aneurysms in the highest tertile of 18F-NaF uptake expanded 2.5× more rapidly than those in the lowest tertile (3.10 [interquartile range (IQR): 2.34 to 5.92 mm/year] vs. 1.24 [IQR: 0.52 to 2.92 mm/year]; p = 0.008) and were nearly 3× as likely to experience AAA repair or rupture (15.3% vs. 5.6%; log-rank p = 0.043).Fluorine-18-NaF PET-CT is a novel and promising approach to the identification of disease activity in patients with AAA and is an additive predictor of aneurysm growth and future clinical events. (Sodium Fluoride Imaging of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms [SoFIA3]; NCT02229006; Magnetic Resonance Imaging [MRI] for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms to Predict Rupture or Surgery: The MA3RS Trial; ISRCTN76413758).
Immune Profile of Sickle Cell Anemia Patients Treated with Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Julia Teixeira Cottas De Azevedo, Nathalia Ziegler de Oliveira, Keli Cristina de Lima, Thalita Cristina de Mello Costa, Patrícia Vianna Bonini Palma, Dimas Tadeu Covas, Eduardo Donadi, Thiago Trovati Maciel, Olivier Hermine, Belinda Pinto Simões, Kelen Cristina Ribeiro Malmegrim
Journal: Blood (2017)
Antibiotic treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli: an international ESCMID cross-sectional survey among infectious diseases specialists practicing in large hospitals
Authors: L. Papst, B. Beović, C. Pulcini, E. Durante-Mangoni, J. Rodríguez-Baño, K.S. Kaye, G.L. Daikos, L. Raka, M. Paul, L. Abbo, P. Abgueguen, B. Almirante, A.M. Azzini, F. Bani-Sadr, M. Bassetti, R. Ben-Ami, B. Beović, G. Béraud, E. Botelho-Nevers, G. Bou, D. Boutoille, A. Cabié, B. Cacopardo, A. Cascio, N. Cassir, F. Castelli, M. Cecala, A. Charmillon, C. Chirouze, J.M. Cisneros, J.D. Colmenero, N. Coppola, S. Corcione, G.L. Daikos, D. Dalla Gasperina, C. De la Calle Cabrera, P. Delobel, D. Di Caprio, E. Durante Mangoni, M. Dupon, N. Ettahar, M.E. Falagas, M. Falcone, M.C. Fariñas, E. Faure, E. Forestier, G. Foti, J. Gallagher, G. Gattuso, V. Gendrin, I. Gentile, D.R. Giacobbe, C.A. Gogos, L. Grandiere Perez, Y. Hansmann, J.P. Horcajada, C. Iacobello, J.T. Jacob, J.A. Justo, S. Kernéis, A. Komnos, B. Kotnik Kevorkijan, D. Lebeaux, R. Le Berre, C. Lechiche, V. Le Moxing, F.X. Lescure, M. Libanore, M. Martinot, E. Merino de Lucas, V. Mondain, P. Mondello, M. Montejo, J. Mootien, P. Muñoz, R. Nir-Paz, A. Pan, J.R. Paño-Pardo, G. Patel, M. Paul, M.T. Pérez Rodríguez, L. Piroth, J. Pogue, B.A. Potoski, V. Pourcher, A. Pyrpasopoulou, G. Rahav, M. Rizzi, J. Rodríguez-Baño, M. Salavert, M. Scheetz, M. Sims, G. Spahija, S. Stefani, A. Stefos, P.D. Tamma, P. Tattevin, A. Tedesco, J. Torre-Cisneros, P. Tripolitsioti, S. Tsiodras, G. Uomo, R. Verdon, P. Viale, V. Vitrat, M. Weinberger, Y. Wiener-Well
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2018)