tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IsoPSA: Interim clinical performance evaluation of a novel structure-based biomarker for prostate cancer in a multicenter prospective trial for Gleason ≥ 7.
Authors: Eric A. Klein, Robert Di Loreto, Jason Hafron, Kenneth Kernan, Kannan Manickam, Mark Stovsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

20 Background: We report results from an interim evaluation of IsoPSA, a novel structure-focused protein assay to assess potential discrimination of high-grade (Gleason≥7) from benign or low-grade (Gleason=6) patients. The assay produces a single quantitative parameter, K, describing the overall composition of complex PSA (cPSA) isoforms, using step partitioning of proteins into two aqueous phases. The ratio of the overall complex PSA concentrations in the two phases differentiates between the two patient cohorts. In this multicenter prospective trial we provide performance data compared with biopsy reports. Methods: 217 plasma samples were obtained from multiple clinical sites, collected within 30 days prior to prostate biopsy from patients with blood PSA between 2 and 44 ng/ml (mean 7.5) and frozen at -80 degC. IsoPSA was evaluated within 90 days following collection against 12 core TRUS biopsy results as the ‘gold standard’ comparator. The prevalence of high-grade patients in the sample cohort was 33%. Results: IsoPSA results are reported as risk probability using a logistic regression model combining IsoPSA, K and age as input parameters, calibrated with 118 samples. We denote two possible regions signifying cohorts with low and high risk for aggressive cancer. These results could effectively reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies by 53%, while identifying high risk patients who could benefit from biopsy. Conclusions: This study provides further supporting analysis for IsoPSA, a novel structure-focused assay for prostate cancer. A simple parsimonious statistical model further enhances clinical performance using the test parameter IsoPSA K, and age only. [Table: see text]
Assessment of the life quality in head and neck cancer patients.
Authors: Ebru Atasever Akkas, Birsen Yucel, Saadettin Kilickap, Yillar Okur, Turgut Kacan, Mehmet Fuat Eren, Nalan Akgul Babacan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e16005 Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of radiotherapy on the life quality in head and neck cancer patients. Methods: Between 2007 and 2010 years, 82 head and neck cancer patients who had taken radiotherapy at Cumhuriyet University Department of Radiation Oncology were assessed at the beginning, midline of the treatment and 1 and 6 months after radiotherapy with European Organization for Reseach and Treatment of Cancer Ouality of Life Questionnaire Head and Neck Module (EORTC QLQ-H&amp;N35). Wilcoxon sign test were used in the statistical analysis in SPSS version 15.0. Results: Seventy two (%88) men, 10 (%12) women; were analyzed. The median age of the patients was 57 (20-80). Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequently seen case in 69 (%84) patients. The distribution of the patients according to the localization: larynx carcinoma in 37 (%45) patients, oral cavity tumor in 21 (%26) patients, nasopharynx carcinoma in 14 (%17) patients, paraphypopharynx in 8 (%10) patients and primary unknown in 2 (%2) patients were present. All the symptom scores were affected negatively at the midline, the end, 1 mount after radiotherapy than before the radiotherapy. Pain, swallowing, speech, social eating, social contact, less sexuality, feeling ill, weight loss, weight gain of the symptoms scale scores showed significant improvement at 6 months after the radiotherapy (p&lt;0,05). However it was seen that senses, teeth problems, dry mouth, sticky saliva were affected negatively in the 6th month of radiotherapy than the beginning. Conclusions: In radiotherapy, the life quality of the patients has significantly degraded during the treatment and 1 month after the treatment. However after six months, all the symptom scales were measured as in the beginning. [Table: see text]
Fast track multidiscipline treatment versus conventional treatment for colorectal cancer: The results of a prospective randomized controlled study (FTMDT trial).
Authors: Ke-Feng Ding, Jun Li, Jiao-Jiao Zhou, Xiang-Xing Kong, Jin-Jie He, Ying Yuan, Min Yan, Rong Chen, Xue-Feng Huang, Gang Chen, Xiao-Jiang Ying, Xiao-Yu Dai, Gen-Hai Li, Su-Zhan Zhang, Shu Zheng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

743 Background: Fast Track Multi-Discipline Treatment (FTMDT) integrates fast-track perioperative treatment (laparoscopic or open surgery) plus XELOX adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to verify the effects of FTMDT model and to clarify the value of laparoscopic surgery in fast-track perioperative treatment. Methods: The study (NCT01080547) was a prospective randomized controlled multi-centers study. Group I (FTMDT) received fast-track treatment plus XELOX chemotherapy (Group Ia received laparoscopic surgery and Group Ib received open surgery). Group II (conventional treatment, CT) received conventional treatment plus mFOLFOX6 chemotherapy (Group IIa received laparoscopic surgery and Group IIb received open surgery). The primary endpoint was total hospital stays during treatment. The secondary endpoints included surgical complications, chemotherapy related adverse events, quality of life and hospitalization costs. Results: Between April 2010 and June 2014, 374 patients were enrolled and 342 patients were finally analyzed. The total hospital stays were shorter in FTMDT than CT (median 13 days vs. 23.5 days, P= 0.0001) but similar between Group Ia and Group Ib (median 13 days vs. 14 days, P= 0.1951). The postoperative hospital stays were shorter in FTMDT than CT (median 6 days vs. 9 days, P= 0.0001) but similar between Group Ia and Group Ib (median 6 days vs. 6 days, P= 0.2160). Resume of flatus and defecation was earlier in FTMDT ( P&lt; 0.05) and Group Ia was the earliest. The in-hospital complication rate was lower in FTMDT (6.40% vs. 14.71%, P= 0.014) but similar between Group Ia and Group Ib. The surgery cost of Group Ib was the lowest ( P&lt; 0.05). The rate of chemotherapy related adverse events was similar between FTMDT and CT( P&gt; 0.05). The EORTC QLQ-C30 physical functioning and fatigue in one week postoperative were better in FTMDT than CT( P&lt; 0.05). Conclusions: FTMDT model enhanced the postoperative recovery of CRC patients. On the premise of fast-track perioperative treatment, laparoscopic surgery showed minor advantage over open surgery which had economic advantages. Clinical trial information: NCT01080547.
Comparison of irinotecan and oxaliplatin as adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with resectable synchronous colon cancer plus liver-confined metastases: A retrospective nationwide database study.
Authors: Yi-Hsin Liang, Yu Yun Shao, Ho-Min Chen, Ann-Lii Cheng, Mei-Shu Lai, Kun-Huei Yeh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

624 Background: Although irinotecan and oxaliplatin are both standard treatment for advanced colon cancer, it was unclear whether either was effective for patients with resectable synchronous colon cancer plus liver-confined metastasis (SCCLM) after curative surgery. Methods: We established a population-based cohort of patients diagnosed with de novo SCCLM between 2004 and 2009 by searching the database of Taiwan Cancer Registry and National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. Patients who received curative surgery as the first therapy followed by chemotherapy doublets were classified into two groups: irinotecan group, or oxaliplatin group. Patient who received radiotherapy or did not receive chemotherapy doublets were excluded. Results: We included 6533 patients with de novo stage IV colon cancer, and 309 of them received chemotherapy doublets after surgery; 77 patients received irinotecan, and 232 patients received oxaliplatin as adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients in the irinotecan group and patients in the oxaliplatin group exhibited similar overall survival (OS) (median: not reached vs. 40.8 months, p = 0.151) and time to the next line of treatment (median: 16.5 months vs. 14.3 months, p = 0.349) in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Patients with resectable SCCLM had significant shorter median OS than patients with stage III colon cancer who received curative surgery and subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy but longer than patients with de novo stage IV colon cancer who received surgery only to the primary site and standard systemic chemotherapy ( p&lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Either irinotecan or oxaliplatin exhibited similar efficacy for patients who received curative surgery for resectable SCCLM. [Table: see text]
Treatment-associated mortality in head and neck cancer receiving chemotherapy and radiation: Meta-analysis of published trials.
Authors: Paolo Bossi, Carlo Resteghini, Michela Cinquini, Cristiana Bergamini, Ester Orlandi, Laura D. Locati, Roberta Granata, Salvatore Alfieri, Nicola Alessandro Iacovelli, Carlo Fallai, Lisa F. Licitra
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

6062 Background: Concurrent chemoradiation (CTRT) produces an advantage in survival as compared with RT alone in locally advanced head and neck squamocellular cancer (HNSCC), while exposing patients (pts) to more severe toxicities. CTRT associated early mortality rate (during and until 90 days after treatment end) has not been consistently described. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis of phase II-III randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies or case series of HNSCC matching these criteria: concurrent CTRT; conducted in both radical and postoperative setting; published from 1/2000 to 6/2014; involving 100+ pts; with available toxicity data. Case series were considered only if presenting homogeneous treatment modalities. Early death incidence was analyzed and related to the following variables: radical vs postoperative setting, induction chemotherapy, poly vs mono CT concurrent with RT, conventional vs altered RT fractionation and study design (RCT vs observational vs case series). Results: Of 732 papers identified, 36 were included in the analyses (13 case series, 7 observational, 16 RCTs). Data regarding population, acute toxicities and deaths were extracted. A total of 9164 pts were considered with 183 early deaths (incidence rate 2.1% (95% CI 1.5% – 2.8%). Subgroups analyses on the basis of type of study design revealed differences between treatment-associated deaths reported in observational studies (0.8%; 95% CI 0.5% – 1.5%) compared to RCTs (2.7%; 95% CI 1.8% - 4.0%) and case series (2.7%; 95% CI 1.7% - 4.2%). A quantitative interaction seems to exist when the size of the effect is related to the radical intent with respect to postoperative setting (mortality rate 2.4% vs 0.2%; p value 0.03), but no interaction is found with induction chemotherapy, poly or mono CT and conventional or altered RT regimens. Conclusions: CTRT in HNSCC resulted in about 2% of early death, with higher rate in the radical setting. Observational studies underestimate mortality, probably due to bias selection or to inconsistent reporting. Early mortality rate reduction may imply better patient selection and more intensive supportive care programs.
Optimal Dose of Antithymocyte Globulin in Conditioning Regimens for Unmanipulated Haploidentical Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Long-Term Outcomes of a Prospective Randomised Trial
Authors: Yingjun Chang, Yu Wang, Xiao-Dong Mo, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Lan-Ping Xu, Chen-Hua Yan, Huan Chen, Yu-Hong Chen, Yao Chen, Wei Han, Feng-Rong Wang, Jing-Zhi Wang, Kai-Yan Liu, Xiao-Jun Huang
Journal: Blood (2016)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of pathologic complete response (pCR) in different breast cancer subtypes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).
Authors: Lucia Gonzalez-Cortijo, Javier Hornedo, Ricardo Sainz de la Cuesta, Gines Hernandez-Cortes, Ramon Perez-Carrion, Federico Gonzalez, Agustin Acevedo, Elia del Cerro, Susana Linares, Antonio Maldonado, Antonio Cabrera, Felipe Counago, Ana Diaz-Gavela, Cristina Rodriguez-Marquez, Alexandra Henriquez, Raquel Murillo, Jose Luis Martin del Yerro, Ignacio Sanz, Manuel Recio, Vicente Martinez de Vega
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

1111 Background: MRI is being used to address treatment response to NAC in breast cancer patients. However, its ability to predict pCR in histologically different tumors remains unclear. We tried to investigate the usefulness of MRI in evaluation of pCR in different breast cancer subtypes after treatment with NAC. Methods: Serial MRI studies were acquired before, during and after NAC in 75 evaluable patients. MRI interpretation included lesion size, morphology and dynamic enhanced evaluation imaging with initial and late enhancement. On the basis of the final MRI, response was determined to be a clinically complete response (CCR) when no residual tumor and no late enhancement were found. By using inmunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) amplification, tumors were divided into three subtypes: triple negative, HER2 positive, and estrogen receptor (ER) positive/HER2 negative. Every patient received chemotherapy with taxanes and anthracyclines and HER2 positive tumors were treated with trastuzumab. All patients received surgery. pCR was defined as no residual invasive tumor in the surgical specimen. Ductal carcinoma in situ residual disease was considered pCR. Results: 22 of 75 patients (29%) achieved a CCR on the final MRI. Of 22 patients with CCR all 22 (100%) were confirmed pathologically. 19 were pathologic complete responses and 3 showed in situ microscopic residual disease. 12 (55%) were HER2 positive tumors, 4 (18%) were triple negative tumors and 6 (27%) were ER positive/HER2 negative tumors. The negative predictive value of MRI for predicting pCR after NAC was 100%. Conclusions: Absence of both residual tumor and late enhancement in MRI predict pCR with high accuracy in triple negative, HER2 positive and ER positive/HER2 negative breast cancer after NAC.
Silk Fibroin Biomaterial Shows Safe and Effective Wound Healing in Animal Models and a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Wei Zhang, Longkun Chen, Jialin Chen, Lingshuang Wang, Xuexian Gui, Jisheng Ran, Guowei Xu, Hongshi Zhao, Mengfeng Zeng, Junfeng Ji, Li Qian, Jianda Zhou, Hongwei Ouyang, Xiaohui Zou
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Due to its excellent biological and mechanical properties, silk fibroin has been intensively explored for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. However, lack of translational evidence has hampered its clinical application for tissue repair. Here a silk fibroin film is developed and its translational potential is investigated for skin repair by performing comprehensive preclinical and clinical studies to fully evaluate its safety and effectiveness. The silk fibroin film fabricated using all green chemistry approaches demonstrates remarkable characteristics, including transmittance, fluid handling capacity, moisture vapor permeability, waterproofness, bacterial barrier properties, and biocompatibility. In vivo rabbit full‐thickness skin defect study shows that the silk fibroin film effectively reduces the average wound healing time with better skin regeneration compared with the commercial wound dressings. Subsequent assessment in porcine model confirms its long‐term safety and effectiveness for full‐thickness skin defects. Finally, a randomized single‐blind parallel controlled clinical trial with 71 patients shows that the silk fibroin film significantly reduces the time to wound healing and incidence of adverse events compared to commercial dressing. Therefore, the study provides systematic preclinical and clinical evidence that the silk fibroin film promotes wound healing thereby establishing a foundation towards its application for skin repair and regeneration in the clinic.
Transitions in House Staff Care and Patient Mortality
Authors: Joshua L. Denson, Leora I. Horwitz, Scott E. Sherman
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 323: MicroRNA208a Silencing Attenuates Doxorubicin Induced Cardiac Toxicity and Dysfunction
Authors: Hasahya Tony, Qiutang Zeng, Kunwu Yu
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Aims: Salvaging GATA4 expression mitigates doxorubicin-induced myocyte apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction. We investigated if therapeutic silencing of miR-208a, a heart specific microRNA known to target GATA4, could attenuate doxorubicin-induced myocyte apoptosis and improve heart function. Methods: Eight weeks old female Balb/C mice were randomly assigned to Sham, antagomir and Control groups. Antagomir group mice were pre-treated with 50nmols of miR-208a antagomir 4 days prior to giving doxorubicin. At day 0, control and antagomir group got 20mg/kg of doxorubicin while sham mice received phosphate buffered solution. Echocardiography was done at day 7, after which animals were sacrificed, and hearts assessed for apoptosis and expression of miR-208a, GATA4 and Bcl-2 by quantitative PCR. Results: Doxorubicin significantly upregulated miR-208a P=0.008 , downregulated GATA4 P=0.025 , and increased myocyte apoptosis P=0.001. Therapeutic silencing of miR-208a mitigated the doxorubicin-induced increase in miR-208a, P= 0.003 and salvaged GATA4 expression, with noted increase in Bcl-2 levels compared to controls, P=0.033. Doxorubicin significantly increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis P= 0.001, and this effect was attenuated by pretreatment with miR-208a antagomir, P=0.002 (Figure 1A and B). Doxorubicin also caused significant cardiac dysfunction, P=0.005, while antagomir treatment attenuated doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction as assessed by fractional shortening P=0.011 (Figure 1Cand D) Conclusion: Therapeutic silencing of miR-208a salvages GATA4 and attenuates doxorubicin-induced myocyte apoptosis with subsequent improvement in cardiac function.
Tailored treatment with targeted therapies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on the epidermal growth factor receptor gene (<i>EGFR</i>) mutation testing.
Authors: Saray Galvan Ruiz, Maria Hernandez Sosa, Samuel Hernandez Sarmiento, Marta Mori de Santiago, Maria Jesus Blanco Sánchez, Pedro Jimenez Gallego, Salvador Saura Grau, David Aguiar Bujanda, Rinaldo Hanselmann Frommelt, Maria Dolores Fiuza Perez, Norberto Batista, Uriel Bohn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e19150 Background: About 10-20% of NSCLC tumors harbor activating EGFR mutations. The introduction of new therapies targeting EGFR has achieved a significant impact on survival and their use has replaced standard chemotherapy in patients (p) with EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Methods: Epidemiological, descriptive, case-control study in p attended in the Medical Oncology Department of the Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr Negrin (Canary Islands, Spain) diagnosed with advanced NSCLC between 2010 and 2012. We analyzed p tested for EGFR mutations during the treatment decision process. Results: Overall population (Table): 104 p [64 males, 40 females, mean age 59 years (range 36-83), 77.8% adenocarcinoma]. As of January 2014, 21 p were alive (16 on treatment, 5 without treatment) and 83 were dead (96.2% due to disease progression). Overall survival (OS) was 8 months (m) (95% CI 5.8-10.1). OS for p treated vs not treated was 11 and 2 m respectively (p<0.0001). Mutated population: 20 p (19.2%) presented tumors harboring activating EGFR mutations: 55% exon 19 deletion, 45% exon 21 mutation L858R, 5% exon 18 mutation G719X. OS in p based on their mutational status was 18 m (95% CI: 8.6-27.3) in EGFR-mutated p and 9 m (95% CI: 5.8-12.1) in EGFR-wild type p (p=0.133). Conclusions: This is the first study conducted in the Canary Islands population. Our results match with historical controls, with a percentage of EGFR mutations of 19.2%. The increase in survival in mutated p underlines the importance of including EGFR mutation analysis as a part of the initial assessment in p with advanced NSCLC to optimize their treatment from first line. EGFR Wild Type N=84 (80.8%) EGFR Mutated N=20 (19.2%) N (%) Gender Male 55 9 64 (61.5%) Female 29 11 40 (38.5%) Histology Adenocarcinoma 65 16 81 (77.8%) Squamous 7 0 7 (6.7%) Large cell 12 4 16 (15.4%) Smoking status Current smokers 55 6 61 (58.6%) Former smokers 22 2 24 (23%) Nonsmokers 7 9 16 (15.3%) Passive smokers 0 3 3 (2.8%)
Optimizing the Settings on the Ventilator
Authors: Ary Serpa Neto, Marcus J. Schultz
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal