tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Concussion characteristics in horse racing
Authors: Carl G Mattacola, Dong (Dan) Y Han, Jed Crots, Amanda Glueck, John Abt, Nick Heebner
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To describe characteristics and modifiable factors in jockeys who have sustained a concussion for the purpose of identifying areas for risk reduction and improved safety. Setting Direct from field; descriptive epidemiology study. Patients or other participants Data were obtained from the Jockey Injury Database from years 2012 to 2016. Interventions Data were collected from Horse Racetracks in the United States. Main outcome measures Descriptive statistics were used to identify frequency and percentages based on gender, helmet type, track, jockey experience, location of track, size of field, horse gender, track condition &amp; distance. Results There were 36 reported concussions during this period. 29 males and 7 females sustained a concussion. Helmet type was distributed evenly with more concussions occurring with LAS helmets. The majority occurred on dirt (27/66%) versus synthetic surfaces (9/8%). Injury rates were higher (21/58%) in less experienced jockeys (&lt;6 years’ experiences) versus more experienced jockeys (13/36%) (&gt;11 years’ experience). More concussions were identified in the last turn/stretch (21/58%) than the beginning of the race (12/33%). More injuries (23/64%) were identified in fields greater than 8 horses than fields of less than 7 horses (12/33%). More concussions occurred in fast/firm conditions (28/78%) than sloppy/muddy/good (4/11%). More concussions were present in races that were 5,6, &amp;7 furlongs (18/50%) versus more than 1 mile in length (12/33%). Conclusions The results of this research establish injury characteristics that can be used to better understand equipment and conditions that contribute to increased risk of concussion. Competing interests None.
Comprehensive genomic profiling of salivary gland adenocarcinomas to reveal frequency of druggable targets.
Authors: Matthew J. Hawryluk, Kai Wang, Depinder Khaira, Juliann Chmielecki, Siraj Mahamed Ali, Julia Andrea Elvin, Jo-Anne Vergilio, Roman Yelensky, Doron Lipson, Vincent A. Miller, Philip J. Stephens, Jeffrey S. Ross
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

6040 Background: Salivary gland adenocarcinomas (SAC) are a distinct group of frequently aggressive epithelial tumors. We queried whether the genomic alterations (GA) identified by comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) in refractory and metastatic SAC could lead to potential targeted therapy selection. Methods: DNA was extracted from 40 microns of FFPE sections from 92 clinically advanced SAC. Comprehensive genomic profiling was performed on hybridization-captured, adaptor ligation based libraries to a mean coverage depth of 682X for 3,230 exons of 236 cancer-related genes plus 37 introns from 14 genes frequently rearranged in cancer. The results were evaluated from each sample for all classes of genomic alterations. Results: There were 2 grade 1, 27 grade 2 and 63 grade 3 relapsed/refractory SAC in 30 (33%) female and 62 (67%) male patients with a median age of 59.6 years (range 25 to 84 years). There were 27 Stage III and 65 Stage IV cases. The majority (88%) of SAC harbored at least 1 clinically relevant alteration (mean 1.9 per patient) with a mean of 3.7 GA per tumor. GA occurred in 49 different genes including: PIK3CA (25%); HRAS (20%); CDKN2A (17%); ERBB2 (15%); and PTEN and NF1 (9%), NOTCH1 and MCL1 (8%), EGFR (5%), KRAS (4%) and RICTOR, HGF, FBXW7 and CDK4 (3%). The greater frequency of ERBB2 alterations (15%) observed in SAC was significantly higher than observed in 110 similarly studied specialized salivary carcinomas including acinic cell, adenoid cystic and mucoepidermoid carcinomas (1%) (p = 0.0001). A similar increase in HRAS alterations of 18/92 (20%) SAC vs 4/110 (4%) in the specialized tumor group was also observed (p = 0.008). PIK3CAwas altered in 25% of SAC vs. 5% in 110 specialized tumors (p = 0.001). Conclusions: SAC are a clinically aggressive and pathologically distinctive subset of salivary gland carcinomas. These tumors also differ significantly from the specialized salivary gland tumors in their genomic landscape. The high frequency of clinically relevant alterations in SAC including the 15% ERBB2 alteration frequency suggests that continued molecular analysis of this tumor type has the potential to lead patients to clinical trials employing both established and novel targeted therapies.
Pharmacokinetics of a ternary conjugate based pH-responsive 10-HCPT prodrug nano-micelle delivery system
Authors: Yang Liu, Juan Li, Zhi Li, Xing Tang, Zhenzhong Zhang
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2017)

A pH-responsive conjugate based 10-hydroxycamptothecin-thiosemicarbazide-polyethene glycol 2000 (10-HCPT-hydro-PEG) nano-micelles were prepared in our previous study. In the present study, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC-MS) method is developed to investigate its pharmacokinetics and biodistribution in tumor bearing mice. The results demonstrated that the conjugate circulated for a much longer time in the blood circulation system than commercial 10-HCPT injection, and bioavailability was significantly improved compared with 10-HCPT. In vivo biodistribution study showed that the conjugate could enhance the targeting and residence time in tumor site.
Erratum: Corrigendum: Mutations in the histone methyltransferase gene KMT2B cause complex early-onset dystonia
Authors: Esther Meyer, Keren J Carss, Julia Rankin, John M E Nichols, Detelina Grozeva, Agnel P Joseph, Niccolo E Mencacci, Apostolos Papandreou, Joanne Ng, Serena Barral, Adeline Ngoh, Hilla Ben-Pazi, Michel A Willemsen, David Arkadir, Angela Barnicoat, Hagai Bergman, Sanjay Bhate, Amber Boys, Niklas Darin, Nicola Foulds, Nicholas Gutowski, Alison Hills, Henry Houlden, Jane A Hurst, Zvi Israel, Margaret Kaminska, Patricia Limousin, Daniel Lumsden, Shane McKee, Shibalik Misra, Shekeeb S Mohammed, Vasiliki Nakou, Joost Nicolai, Magnus Nilsson, Hardev Pall, Kathryn J Peall, Gregory B Peters, Prab Prabhakar, Miriam S Reuter, Patrick Rump, Reeval Segel, Margje Sinnema, Martin Smith, Peter Turnpenny, Susan M White, Dagmar Wieczorek, Sarah Wiethoff, Brian T Wilson, Gidon Winter, Christopher Wragg, Simon Pope, Simon J H Heales, Deborah Morrogh, Alan Pittman, Lucinda J Carr, Belen Perez-Dueñas, Jean-Pierre Lin, Andre Reis, William A Gahl, Camilo Toro, Kailash P Bhatia, Nicholas W Wood, Erik-Jan Kamsteeg, Wui K Chong, Paul Gissen, Maya Topf, Russell C Dale, Jonathan R Chubb, F Lucy Raymond, Manju A Kurian
Journal: Nature Genetics (2017)
Objective quantification of a clinical dynamic balance assessment
Authors: William Johnston, Thomas Moran, Kara Dolan, Niamh Reid, Garrett Coughlan, Brian Caulfield
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To investigate whether addition of inertial sensor data can provide additional insight into the nature of postural stability deficits during a clinical dynamic balance assessment, with a view to enhancing accuracy of post-concussion monitoring protocols. Design Descriptive laboratory study. Setting University performance laboratory. Participants Fifteen physically active adults (age 23±4 years, height 175±8 cm, weight 67.5±8 kg). Interventions An inertial measurement unit (IMU) was mounted at the level of the 4 th lumbar vertebra. Subjects completed repeated Y-Balance tests (YBT) 10 minutes and immediately prior to a modified 60 second Wingate anaerobic fatiguing test. Post-fatigue YBTs were completed immediately following the test, and at 10 and 20 minutes. Outcome measures Normalised YBT reach distances, and IMU derived RMS acceleration, velocity and angular velocity. Main results Prior to the fatiguing intervention, participant’s demonstrated excellent stability/reliability for all reach directions (Intra-class correlation coefficient 0.872-0.994). Significantly lower reach distances (P&lt;0.05) were observed immediately post-fatigue for the postero-medial and postero-lateral, but not anterior reach direction. Observed deficits returned to pre-fatigue levels by 10 minutes. However, IMU derived measures of postural stability remained significantly reduced (P&lt;0.05) for up to 20 minute post-fatigue. Conclusions These results demonstrate the ability of both traditional YBT reach distances and inertial sensor data to detect centrally driven postural stability deficits. However, the inertial sensor provided a greater degree of granularity in characterising the nature of these postural stability deficits. This suggests that addition of IMUs to clinical balance measurement tests/protocols may better detect deficits associated with concussion. Competing interests None.
Approaches to establish Q-markers for the quality standards of traditional Chinese medicines
Authors: Wenzhi Yang, Yibei Zhang, Wanying Wu, Luqi Huang, Dean Guo, Changxiao Liu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2017)

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played a pivotal role in maintaining the health of Chinese people and is now gaining increasing acceptance around the global scope. However, TCM is confronting more and more concerns with respect to its quality. The intrinsic "multicomponent and multitarget" feature of TCM necessitates the establishment of a unique quality and bioactivity evaluation system, which is different from that of the Western medicine. However, TCM is investigated essentially as "herbal medicine" or "natural product", and the pharmacopoeia quality monographs are actually chemical-markers-based, which can ensure the consistency only in the assigned chemical markers, but, to some extent, have deviated from the basic TCM theory. A concept of "quality marker" (Q-marker), following the "property-effect-component" theory, is proposed. The establishment of Q-marker integrates multidisciplinary technologies like natural products chemistry, analytical chemistry, bionics, chemometrics, pharmacology, systems biology, and pharmacodynamics, etc. Q-marker-based fingerprint and multicomponent determination conduce to the construction of more scientific quality control system of TCM. This review delineates the background, definition, and properties of Q-marker, and the associated technologies applied for its establishment. Strategies and approaches for establishing Q-marker-based TCM quality control system are presented and highlighted with a few TCM examples.
Levosimendan for the Low Cardiac Output Syndrome after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Akshay S. Desai, John A. Jarcho
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

The low cardiac output syndrome complicates 1 in 10 coronary bypass operations and is associated with a heightened risk of perioperative death.1 The pathophysiology of this syndrome is complex, with likely contributions from reperfusion injury, systemic inflammation induced by cardiopulmonary bypass, and pulmonary and systemic vasoconstriction.2Pharmacologic management of the low cardiac output syndrome typically includes positive inotropic drugs such as beta-adrenergic agonists and phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Although these agents may increase cardiac output, they also heighten the risk of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, and they may exacerbate myocardial ischemia by increasing myocardial oxygen consumption. In two observational studies, patients receiving . . .
Baseline scat3 in professional football players: data from the canadian football league
Authors: Dhiren J Naidu, Shane Hoeber, Nigel Ashworth, Martin Mrazik
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To establish baseline normative concussion data for Canadian Football League (CFL) players. Design Cross-Sectional. Setting Professional American football. Participants 596 male professional football players from the 2014 CFL season. All asymptomatic players were included in the study. Players with a diagnosis of concussion were excluded. Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors) Data from the baseline SCAT3 assessments was collected and analysed to determine the prevalence and severity of symptoms on the symptom evaluation and average values for the cognitive and physical examination. Outcome measures Analysis of SCAT3 categories. Main results 47.4% players had a previous concussion with symptoms lasting 6.28 (22.9)* days on average. Athletes reported 1.09 (2.13) symptoms with a total symptom score of 1.86 (4.09). The most frequently reported symptoms were nervousness/anxiety (11.9%), trouble falling asleep (11.2%), fatigue (11.2%), sensitivity to light (9.1%), and neck pain (7.7%). Scores for orientation, immediate memory, concentration, and delayed recall were 4.89 (0.35), 14.25 (1.23), 3.75 (1.16), and 3.79 (1.13) respectively. Balance testing revealed 0.02 (0.13), 1.91 (2.00), and 0.92 (1.36) errors on double leg, single leg, and tandem stance respectively. * parentheses indicate 1 standard deviation from the mean. Conclusions There are abnormalities on baseline SCAT3 testing of asymptomatic CFL players. This is consistent with past studies of similar athletic populations. This is expected as not all SCAT3 symptoms are specific for the diagnosis of concussion. Future research could be done to see if athletes who fall outside of the normative baseline values have different outcomes post concussion. Competing interests None.
Survival, toxicity and length of stay after haploidentical or cord blood transplantation in a Latin American center: a cross-sectional, comparative study
Authors: I Esteves, F P S Santos, A A F Ribeiro, A T Kondo, J F Fernandes, F R Kerbauy, L Kerbauy, N Hamerschlak
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2017)

Survival, toxicity and length of stay after haploidentical or cord blood transplantation in a Latin American center: a cross-sectional, comparative study
Dosing of Etelcalcetide vs Cinacalcet for Secondary Hyperparathyroidism—Reply
Authors: Geoffrey A. Block, Glenn M. Chertow
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ATRT-02. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SMARCB1 AND CELLULAR DIFFERENTIATION STATE IN THE GENESIS OF ATYPICAL TERATOID RHABDOID TUMORS
Authors: Alison Parisian, Tomoyuki Koga, Frank Furnari
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRT) are challenging pediatric brain tumors which are predominantly associated with inactivation of the gene SMARCB1 (aka INI1). As SMARCB1 is a conserved subunit of the chromatin remodeling BAF complex, we hypothesize that the effect of its loss of function is influenced by the epigenetic landscape of the cell in which deletion occurs, resulting in constrained age of onset and tissue specificity of tumor formation. To address this question, we generated a cell-based model of ATRT using an inducible SMARCB1 loss of function system in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). With this model, we are investigating the molecular impact of SMARCB1 deletion on pluripotent and progenitor cells, with the aim of determining the importance of cell type and stage of differentiation in the growth of these tumors. Loss of SMARCB1 in pluripotent cells has been shown to initiate cell death, suggesting that a tissue-specific progenitor cell or further differentiated cell type is more likely to represent the cell of origin of ATRT. Ultimately, this model will be used to identify novel, therapeutically actionable targets which contribute to the phenotype of these tumors and to further understand the relationship between cell epigenetic identity and oncogenicity.
PWE-157 Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in hospitalised patients—prospective controlled analysis of the role of aspirin and other antithrombotic drugs: Abstract PWE-157 Table 1
Authors: A S Taha, C Kelly, C McCloskey, T Craigen, W J Angerson
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) developing while in hospital is traditionally thought to be due to stress ulceration affecting critically ill patients. The role of potentially damaging drugs is not clear. <h3>Aims</h3> Given the increasing use of low-dose aspirin and other antithrombotic drugs—clopidogrel, dipyridamole, and warfarin—for vascular protection, we aimed to clarify their impact on UGIB affecting hospitalised patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Between 2008 and 2009, we prospectively assessed the clinical details and outcomes of all inpatient bleeders at our hospital, and compared these with outpatients admitted because of bleeding. For each inpatient we included three outpatients as controls. Patients were excluded if they had a variceal cause. The Charlson comorbidity score and the complete Rockall score for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding were also calculated. The χ<sup>2</sup> test, Fisher9s exact test, Mann–Whitney U test, and logistic regression analyses with ORs and 95% CIs were used as appropriate. <h3>Results</h3> Abstract PWE-157 table 1 summarises the main characteristics of patients who bled while in hospital (inpatient bleeders) vs those who were admitted after bleeding (outpatient bleeders). Inpatient bleeders were older and more likely to be males and to have cardiovascular disease. After adjustment for age and sex, the logistic regression analysis still showed that patients who bled as inpatients were significantly more likely to be taking antithrombotic medication, especially non-aspirin agents, than those who were admitted after bleeding, [OR (95% CIs), 2.15 (1.25 to 3.68); p=0.006]. The adjusted odds of death within 30 days of bleeding was almost twice as high in the inpatient group, [OR 1.88 (0.74 to 4.77)]. The endoscopic abnormalities in more than 80% of patients in both groups included erosive oesophagitis, gastric, or duodenal ulcers or erosions. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The use of antithrombotic drugs is a significant risk factor for UGIB developing in hospitalised patients. The endoscopic lesions, whether caused by these agents or not, are potentially preventable. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Glomerulosclerosis Induced by Deficiency of Membrane-Associated Guanylate Kinase Inverted 2 in Kidney Podocytes
Authors: Naritoshi Shirata, Kan-ichiro Ihara, Kanae Yamamoto-Nonaka, Takuto Seki, Shin-ichi Makino, Juan Alejandro Oliva Trejo, Takafumi Miyake, Hiroyuki Yamada, Kirk Nicholas Campbell, Takahiko Nakagawa, Kiyoshi Mori, Motoko Yanagita, Peter Mundel, Katsuhiko Nishimori, Katsuhiko Asanuma
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2017)

Membrane-associated guanylate kinase inverted 2 (MAGI-2) is a component of the slit diaphragm (SD) of glomerular podocytes. Here, we investigated the podocyte-specific function of MAGI-2 using newly generated podocyte-specific MAGI-2–knockout (MAGI-2–KO) mice. Compared with podocytes from wild-type mice, podocytes from MAGI-2–KO mice exhibited SD disruption, morphologic abnormalities of foot processes, and podocyte apoptosis leading to podocyte loss. These pathologic changes manifested as massive albuminuria by 8 weeks of age and glomerulosclerosis and significantly higher plasma creatinine levels at 12 weeks of age; all MAGI-2–KO mice died by 20 weeks of age. Loss of MAGI-2 in podocytes associated with decreased expression and nuclear translocation of dendrin, which is also a component of the SD complex. Dendrin translocates from the SD to the nucleus of injured podocytes, promoting apoptosis. Our coimmunoprecipitation and in vitro reconstitution studies showed that dendrin is phosphorylated by Fyn and dephosphorylated by PTP1B, and that Fyn-induced phosphorylation prevents Nedd4–2–mediated ubiquitination of dendrin. Under physiologic conditions in vivo , phosphorylated dendrin localized at the SDs; in the absence of MAGI-2, dephosphorylated dendrin accumulated in the nucleus. Furthermore, induction of experimental GN in rats led to the downregulation of MAGI-2 expression and the nuclear accumulation of dendrin in podocytes. In summary, MAGI-2 and Fyn protect dendrin from Nedd4–2–mediated ubiquitination and from nuclear translocation, thereby maintaining the physiologic homeostasis of podocytes, and the lack of MAGI-2 in podocytes results in FSGS.
New Blood Pressure–Lowering Targets—Finding Clarity
Authors: Clyde W. Yancy, Robert O. Bonow
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal