tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association Between Guideline-Discordant Prostate Cancer Imaging Rates and Health Care Service Among Veterans and Medicare Recipients
Authors: Danil V. Makarov, Shannon Ciprut, Dawn Walter, Matthew Kelly, Heather T. Gold, Xiao-Hua Zhou, Scott E. Sherman, Ronald Scott Braithwaite, Cary Gross, Steven Zeliadt
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2018)

<h3>Importance</h3> Prostate cancer imaging rates appear to vary by health care setting. With the recent extension of the Veterans Access, Choice, and Accountability Act, the government has provided funds for veterans to seek care outside the Veterans Health Administration (VA). It is important to understand the difference in imaging rates and subsequent differences in patterns of care in the VA vs a traditional fee-for-service setting such as Medicare. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess the association between prostate cancer imaging rates and a VA vs fee-for-service health care setting. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cohort study included data for men who received a diagnosis of prostate cancer from January 1, 2004, through March 31, 2008, that were collected from the VA Central Cancer Registry, linked to administrate claims and Medicare utilization records, and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database. Three distinct nationally representative cohorts were constructed (use of VA only, use of Medicare only, and dual use of VA and Medicare). Men older than 85 years at diagnosis and men without high-risk features but missing any tumor risk characteristic (prostate-specific antigen, Gleason grade, or clinical stage) were excluded. Analysis of the data was completed from March 2016 to February 2018. <h3>Exposures</h3> Patient utilization of different health care delivery systems. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Rates of prostate cancer imaging were analyzed by health care setting (Medicare only, VA and Medicare, and VA only) among patients with low-risk prostate cancer and patients with high-risk prostate cancer. <h3>Results</h3> Of 98 867 men with prostate cancer (77.4% white; mean [SD] age, 70.26 [7.48] years) in the study cohort, 57.3% were in the Medicare-only group, 14.5% in the VA and Medicare group, and 28.1% in the VA-only group. Among men with low-risk prostate cancer, the Medicare-only group had the highest rate of guideline-discordant imaging (52.5%), followed by the VA and Medicare group (50.9%) and the VA-only group (45.9%) (<i>P</i> &lt; .001). Imaging rates for men with high-risk prostate cancer were not significantly different among the 3 groups. Multivariable analysis showed that individuals in the VA and Medicare group (risk ratio [RR], 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76-0.98) and VA-only group (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.67-0.92) were less likely to receive guideline-discordant imaging than those in the Medicare-only group. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> The results of this study suggest that patients with prostate cancer who use Medicare rather than the VA for health care could experience more utilization of health care services without an improvement in the quality of care.
Abstract 18437: Women and Ischemic Heart Disease: Which Role for Katp Channels?
Authors: Paolo Severino, Simone Calcagno, Mariateresa Pucci, Maria Laura De Marchis, Raffaele Palmirotta, Massimo Mancone, Francesco Fedele
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: In the last decades, scientists have been studying the pathophysiology of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in women. In fact, as it is well known, in women IHD differs in term of pathogenesis, symptoms and prognosis. Different risk factors and mechanisms of disease may be at work in women. Genetic polymorphisms (SNP) for coronary ion channels may be involved in IHD susceptibility. In particular, the SNP rs5215 for Kir6.2 subunit of ATP-dependent potassium (KATP) channels has been proposed as a protective factor in IHD susceptibility, mostly in women. Aim and methods: To confirm the preliminary encouraging results on the protective role SNP rs5215_GG in IHD susceptibility for women, we enrolled 460 consecutive patients (144 women) with an indication to undergo coronary angiography for suspected ischemic heart disease, performing intracoronary functional tests in patients showing anatomically normal arteries to evaluate coronary microvascular function. We analyzed SNPs relative to the Kir6.2 subunit of KATP channels. Results: Among 460 patients, 330 presented with CAD (72 women), 68 with microvascular dysfunction (39 women) and 62 with anatomically and functionally normal coronary arteries (33 women). The SNP rs5215_GG was found to be more frequent in women compared to men (21/144 -14.6%, vs. 36/316 -11.3%; p=0.36). In particular, rs5215_GG was more frequent in ladies with anatomically and functionally normal coronary arteries compared with women presenting CAD (9/33 -27.2% vs. 7/72 -9.7%; p=0.037), whereas there was no difference between men in normal and CAD groups. Discussion and conclusion: Our data validate the hypothesis that rs5215_GG could reduce susceptibility to IHD in women, since it is more frequent in ladies presenting anatomically and functionally normal coronary arteries. The results suggest that KATP channels with rs5215_GG could be protective against IHD. Our data endorse the prospect of associations between SNP encoding coronary ion channels and IHD, validating the idea that ion channels play in coronary homeostasis and that their polymorphisms act in IHD genesis.
Abstract 11689: Acceleration of the Early Diastolic Filling by Cardiac Re-synchronization is Important for Improving Symptoms of Severe Heart Failure
Authors: Takeshi Yamamoto, Miyuki Ando, Masunori Matsuzaki
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Cardiac re-synchronization therapy (CRT) is now widely applied for the patients with severe heart failure. However, the significance of systolic dyssynchrony and diastolic dssynchrony is not clear. The aim of this study is to reveal the significance of the diastolic dyssynchrony in symptoms of the patients with severe heart failure. Method: Thirty-eight patients with CRT or CRT-D were enrolled to this study after well informed consent. To measure the systolic and diastolic dyssynchrony of the left ventricle during CRT-on and CRT-off, sixteen gated myocardial perfusion SPECT was performed during CRT-on and CRT-off. Regional peak thickening phase and peak thinning phase was measured using a count based method with 3rd harmonic furrier analysis and displayed on the polar map as a color scale. We obtained standard deviation (SD) of peak thickening phase of all regions as a parameter of systolic dyssynchrony and SD of peak thinning phase of all regions as a parameter of diastolic dyssynchrony. Peak...
Clinician-Patient Discussions of Successful CPR—The Vegetable Clause
Authors: Anthony C. Breu
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Abstract 12778: 44 % of Patients With Myocardial Infarction are Silent Manifestation in Diabetics
Authors: Hirofumi Soejima, Takeshi Morimoto, Sadanori Okada, Mio Sakuma, Masafumi Nakayama, Hideaki Jinnouchi, Seigo Sugiyama, Masako Waki, Yoshihiko Saito, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Diabetes mellitus is well known as a significant predictor of silent myocardial ischemia. The incidence rates of silent events with newly developed Q waves, (especially, silent myocardial infarction (SMI)) in diabetic patients, have yet to be elucidated. We sought to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of SMI in type 2 diabetic patients without a history of atherosclerotic events. Methods: The Japanese primary prevention of atherosclerosis with aspirin for diabetes (JPAD) trial was performed to examine the efficacy of low-dose aspirin therapy for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic events in type 2 diabetes patients. Initially, there were no Q waves in any electrocardiograms (ECGs). The JPAD trial was a multicenter, prospective, randomized, open label, blinded, end-point study done from 2002 to 2008. After completion of the JPAD trial, we followed up the patients until 2015. ECGs of 1648 patients were re-examined to discover SMI in 2013 and 2015. We compared predictive factors for SMI to those for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Results: During follow up of a median of 10.3 years, 64 patients suffered from a first AMI and 51 patients suffered from a first SMI. We novelly demonstrated that the incidence rate of SMI is comparable to that of AMI in diabetic patients (Figure). Age, smoking, dyslipidemia, and HbA1c ≥ 7.2 % were all associated with AMI. Hypertension was associated with SMI. Cox proportional hazards model analysis revealed that age ≥ 65 years and HbA1c ≥ 7.2 % were independent factors for AMI (P=0.0003, 0.0214, respectively, Figure). On the other hand, there were no significant independent factors for SMI. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that age ≥ 65 years and HbA1c ≥ 7.2 % were independently associated with the incidence rate of AMI, but they were not associated with the incidence rate of SMI. Clinically, diabetic patients should frequently get ECGs for the detection of SMI because the rate of SMI is similar to AMI rates.
Duodenal-type and nodal follicular lymphomas differ by their immune microenvironment rather than their mutation profiles
Authors: Johannes C. Hellmuth, Abner Louissaint, Monika Szczepanowski, Sarah Haebe, Alessandro Pastore, Stefan Alig, Annette M. Staiger, Sylvia Hartmann, Robert Kridel, Matthew D. Ducar, Peter Koch, Martin Dreyling, Martin-Leo Hansmann, German Ott, Andreas Rosenwald, Randy D. Gascoyne, David M. Weinstock, Wolfgang Hiddemann, Wolfram Klapper, Oliver Weigert
Journal: Blood (2018)
Serum Angiopoietin‐2 Predicts Mortality and Kidney Outcomes in Decompensated Cirrhosis
Authors: Andrew S. Allegretti, Xavier Vela Parada, Guillermo A. Ortiz, Joshua Long, Scott Krinsky, Sophia Zhao, Bryan C. Fuchs, Mozhdeh Sojoodi, Dongsheng Zhang, S. Ananth Karumanchi, Sahir Kalim, Sagar U. Nigwekar, Ravi I. Thadhani, Samir M. Parikh, Raymond T. Chung
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Acute kidney injury in decompensated cirrhosis has limited therapeutic options, and novel mechanistic targets are urgently needed. Angiopoietin‐2 is a context‐specific antagonist of Tie2, a receptor that signals vascular quiescence. Considering the prominence of vascular destabilization in decompensated cirrhosis, we evaluated Angiopoietin‐2 to predict clinical outcomes. Serum Angiopoietin‐2 was measured serially in a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients with decompensated cirrhosis and acute kidney injury. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were examined over a 90‐day period and analyzed according to Angiopoietin‐2 levels. Primary outcome was 90‐day mortality. Our study included 191 inpatients (median Angiopoietin‐2 level 18.2 [interquartile range 11.8, 26.5] ng/mL). Median Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was 23 [17, 30] and 90‐day mortality was 41%. Increased Angiopoietin‐2 levels were associated with increased mortality (died 21.9 [13.9, 30.3] ng/mL vs. alive 15.2 [9.8, 23.0] ng/mL; P &lt; 0.001), higher Acute Kidney Injury Network stage (stage I 13.4 [9.8, 20.1] ng/mL vs. stage II 20.0 [14.1, 26.2] ng/mL vs. stage III 21.9 [13.0, 29.5] ng/mL; P = 0.002), and need for renal replacement therapy (16.5 [11.3, 23.6] ng/mL vs. 25.1 [13.3, 30.3] ng/mL; P = 0.005). The association between Angiopoietin‐2 and mortality was significant in unadjusted and adjusted Cox regression models ( P ≤ 0.001 for all models), and improved discrimination for mortality when added to MELD score (integrated discrimination increment 0.067; P = 0.001). Conclusion : Angiopoietin‐2 was associated with mortality and other clinically relevant outcomes in a cohort of patients with decompensated cirrhosis with acute kidney injury. Further experimental study of Angiopoietin/Tie2 signaling is warranted to explore its potential mechanistic and therapeutic role in this population.
Impairment of Angiogenesis by Fatty Acid Synthase Inhibition Involves mTOR Malonylation
Authors: Ulrike Bruning, Francisco Morales-Rodriguez, Joanna Kalucka, Jermaine Goveia, Federico Taverna, Karla C.S. Queiroz, Charlotte Dubois, Anna Rita Cantelmo, Rongyuan Chen, Stefan Loroch, Evy Timmerman, Vanessa Caixeta, Katarzyna Bloch, Lena-Christin Conradi, Lucas Treps, An Staes, Kris Gevaert, Andrew Tee, Mieke Dewerchin, Clay F. Semenkovich, Francis Impens, Birgit Schilling, Eric Verdin, Johannes V. Swinnen, Jordan L. Meier, Rhushikesh A. Kulkarni, Albert Sickmann, Bart Ghesquière, Luc Schoonjans, Xuri Li, Massimiliano Mazzone, Peter Carmeliet
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2018)
Increasing Hospitalizations for DKA: A Need for Prevention Programs
Authors: Priyathama Vellanki, Guillermo E. Umpierrez
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a diabetes emergency associated with high morbidity in patients with diabetes (1). In patients with type 1 diabetes, DKA can occur at new onset of diabetes but can also recur due to lack of insulin use and precipitating causes such as infection. DKA is a hallmark of type 1 diabetes; however, DKA is increasingly recognized in patients with type 2 diabetes (2). In contrast to patients with type 1 diabetes who require life-long insulin therapy, most patients with type 2 diabetes who present with DKA can recover insulin secretion and maintain glycemic control with oral antidiabetes medications (3). While inpatient mortality rates for DKA are generally very low, <1% in the U.K. (4) and in the U.S. (5), DKA is the leading cause of mortality among children and young adults with type 1 diabetes, accounting for ∼50% of all deaths in this population (1). In addition, rates vary substantially based on health care setting; a recent analysis conducted in India reported that up to 30% of hospitalized DKA cases result in inpatient death (6).

The article by Zhong et al. (7) in this issue of Diabetes Care examines temporal trends of DKA according to the diagnosis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes between the years 1998 and 2013 in the U.K. This report used the Clinical Practice Research Datalink and the Hospital Episode Statistics databases. Overall, the authors found that hospitalizations for DKA increased in the U.K. for patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Most cases of DKA were associated with type 1 diabetes, but one in five cases of DKA were associated with a patient history of type 2 diabetes. For patients with type 1 diabetes, DKA admissions increased from 1998 to 2007 and then the rate stabilized from 2007 …
Exploring the Relationship Between Depression and Dementia
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cigarette Smoking Acutely Decreases Serum Levels of the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Biomarker sRAGE
Authors: Simon D. Pouwels, Frank Klont, Marcel Kwiatkowski, Valerie R. Wiersma, Alen Faiz, Maarten van den Berge, Péter Horvatovich, Rainer Bischoff, Nick H. T. ten Hacken
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2018)
Patients with cardiac devices should not be excluded from MRI scans, say experts
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Patients fitted with a pacemaker or an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) are missing out on prompt diagnosis of a range of conditions because they are being prevented from having magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans owing to safety concerns, cardiologists and radiologists have said.

Only one in 50 patients with a cardiac device who need an MRI scan is currently given one, as pacemakers and ICDs have both traditionally been seen as contraindications.

But this assumption is no longer valid and needs to change, said a statement from the British Cardiovascular Society and the Clinical Imaging Board (the Society and College of Radiographers, the Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine, and the Royal College of Radiologists).1

These …
Reduced Expression of PROX1 Transitions Glioblastoma Cells into a Mesenchymal Gene Expression Subtype
Authors: Kaveh M. Goudarzi, Jaime A. Espinoza, Min Guo, Jiri Bartek, Monica Nistér, Mikael S. Lindström, Daniel Hägerstrand
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

The homeodomain transcription factor PROX1 has been linked to several cancer types, including gliomas, but its functions remain to be further elucidated. Here we describe a functional role and the prognostic value of PROX1 in glioblastoma. Low expression of PROX1 correlated with poor overall survival and the mesenchymal glioblastoma subtype signature. The latter finding was recapitulated in vitro, where suppression or overexpression of PROX1 in glioma cell cultures transitioned cells to a mesenchymal or to a nonmesenchymal glioblastoma gene expression signature, respectively. PROX1 modulation affected proliferation rates that coincided with changes in protein levels of CCNA1 and CCNE1 as well as the cyclin inhibitors CDKN1A, CDKN1B, and CDKN1C. Overexpression of SOX2 increased PROX1 expression, but treatment with a CDK2 inhibitor subsequently decreased PROX1 expression, which was paralleled by decreased SOX2 levels. The THRAP3 protein was a novel binding partner for PROX1, and suppression of THRAP3 increased both transcript and protein levels of PROX1. Together, these findings highlight the prognostic value of PROX1 and its role as a regulator of glioblastoma gene expression subtypes, intratumoral heterogeneity, proliferation, and cell-cycle control.Significance: These findings demonstrate the role and prognostic value of PROX1 in glioblastomas; low PROX1 levels correlate with a mesenchymal gene expression subtype and shorter survival in glioblastoma tumors. Cancer Res; 78(20); 5901-16. ©2018 AACR.
Abstract 12236: Reduced Predictive Value of Scar Imaging by Cardiac MRI To Predict Death or Myocardial Infarction in Women with Known or Suspected CAD: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Francois-Pierre Mongeon, Raveen S Pal, Heike Wersching, Raymond Y Kwong, Michael Jerosch-Herold, Otavio Rizzi Coelho-Filho
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The role of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging using late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) to identify myocardial scar has been proposed as a predictor of cardiac events beyond tradit...
Abstract 23: p53 Mediates <i>de novo</i> Cardiomyocte Differentiation From c-kit Positive Cardiac Progenitor Cells
Authors: Zhongming Chen, Wuqiang Zhu, Amritha Yellamilli, Ingrid Bender, Jop H van Berlo
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

The heart is arguably the least regenerative organ. Nonetheless, cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) can readily be isolated from the adult heart. Moreover, we recently demonstrated that c-kit+ CPCs are able to generate de novo lineages of cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells and fibroblasts, albeit at low levels. In the present study, we assess if different pathophysiological stimuli could enhance cardiomyocyte lineage differentiation by CPCs. We first established that CPCs are heterogeneous in vivo and can be classified into three main populations based on the respective gene expression profiles: uncommitted, vascular and cardiogenic CPCs. Next, we show that transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery increased CPC derived cardiomyocytes by 3-fold, and enhanced non-cardiomyocyte lineages as well. Interestingly, anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy increased CPC-derived cardiomyocytes by 35-fold. Immunostaining showed that doxorubicin stimulates p53 expression within CPCs and selectively enhanced CPC-derived cardiomyocyte lineage. The selective p53 inhibitor, pifithrin α, completely blocked the doxorubicin-mediated increase in de novo cardiomyocyte formation. Administration of p53 Activator III, RITA (reactivation of p53 and induction of tumor cell apoptosis), was sufficient to induce CPC-derived cardiomyocyte differentiation. These results demonstrate that anthracyclines can increase de novo cardiomyocyte differentiation from CPCs through activation of the p53 pathway. Ultimately, these findings might lead to new therapies for cardiac regeneration by inducing cardiomyocyte differentiation by endogenous CPCs.
No level of alcohol consumption improves health
Authors: Robyn Burton, Nick Sheron
Journal: The Lancet (2018)

By use of methodological enhancements of previous iterations,1 the systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016,2 is the most comprehensive estimate of the global burden of alcohol use to date. The GBD 2016 Alcohol Collaborators clearly demonstrate the substantial, and larger than previously estimated, contribution of alcohol to death, disability, and ill health, globally. In 2016, alcohol use was the seventh leading risk factor for both deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), accounting for 2·2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1·5–3·0) of female deaths and 6·8% (5·8–8·0) of male deaths.