tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 12613: High-sensitivity Troponin-I is Predictive of Incident Atrial Fibrillation in a High-Risk Patient Population
Authors: William Schultz, Salim Hayek, Yi-An Ko, John Lisko, Mosaab Awad, Kareem Hosny, Hina Ahmed, Keyur Patel, Michael Yuan, Joy Hartsfield, Brandon Gray, Ravilla Bhimani, Jonathan Kim, Leslee Shaw, Peter Wilson, Viola Vaccarino, Arshed Quyyumi
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Biomarkers have been linked to incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in the general population. We evaluated the association between several biomarkers previously shown to be predictors of death and myocardial infarction (MI), and development of AF in a high-risk patient population with CAD. Hypothesis: Biomarkers will predict new-onset AF in a population with CAD. Methods: 2773 patients (age 62±13 years) with known or suspected CAD were enrolled in the Emory Cardiovascular Biobank. Circulating levels of high-sensitivity troponin I (hs-TnI), fibrin degradation products (FDP), c-reactive protein (CRP), soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were measured with ELISA. Biomakers were dichotomized into high or low levels by median, as well as into quartiles. Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the associations between biomarkers and incident AF after adjustment for age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, history of MI, CAD severity by Gensini score, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs/statins. Results: During a median 5.75 years of follow-up, 423 (15.3%) patients developed AF. Subjects with incident AF were older, had higher BMI, greater CAD severity, lower eGFR, and more often had prior MI. Elevated levels of hs-TnI (≥median 4.7 pg/mL) were associated with incident AF (hazard ratio (HR) 2.00, [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.60-2.51], P&lt;0.001), that remained significant after adjustment for the aforementioned covariates (HR 1.75, 95%CI 1.33-2.31, P&lt;0.0001). The findings were supported by quartile analysis when comparing the first quartile to the fourth quartile (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.23-2.70, p=0.003 after adjustment). FDP, suPAR, CRP, and HSP70 were not associated with incident AF after adjustment for covariates. Conclusions: In subjects with CAD, higher hs-TnI levels are associated with incident AF even after adjustment for severity of CHD. Risk stratification for incident AF may permit institution of more aggressive risk factor modification and targeted screening.
Hydrogel Encapsulation Facilitates Rapid‐Cooling Cryopreservation of Stem Cell‐Laden Core–Shell Microcapsules as Cell–Biomaterial Constructs
Authors: Gang Zhao, Xiaoli Liu, Kaixuan Zhu, Xiaoming He
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Core-shell structured stem cell microencapsulation in hydrogel has wide applications in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and cell-based therapies because it offers an ideal immunoisolative microenvironment for cell delivery and 3D culture. Long-term storage of such microcapsules as cell-biomaterial constructs by cryopreservation is an enabling technology for their wide distribution and ready availability for clinical transplantation. However, most of the existing studies focus on cryopreservation of single cells or cells in microcapsules without a core-shell structure (i.e., hydrogel beads). The goal of this study is to achieve cryopreservation of stem cells encapsulated in core-shell microcapsules as cell-biomaterial constructs or biocomposites. To this end, a capillary microfluidics-based core-shell alginate hydrogel encapsulation technology is developed to produce porcine adipose-derived stem cell-laden microcapsules for vitreous cryopreservation with very low concentration (2 mol L-1 ) of cell membrane penetrating cryoprotective agents (CPAs) by suppressing ice formation. This may provide a low-CPA and cost-effective approach for vitreous cryopreservation of "ready-to-use" stem cell-biomaterial constructs, facilitating their off-the-shelf availability and widespread applications.
Exosomes from human umbilical cord blood accelerate cutaneous wound healing through miR-21-3p-mediated promotion of angiogenesis and fibroblast function
Authors: Yin Hu, Shan-Shan Rao, Zhen-Xing Wang, Jia Cao, Yi-Juan Tan, Juan Luo, Hong-Ming Li, Wei-She Zhang, Chun-Yuan Chen, Hui Xie
Journal: Theranostics (2017)

The application of blood plasma for soft tissue wound healing is receiving much more attention recently. Exosomes are critical paracrine mediators that can be obtained from biological fluids including plasma and be able to induce regenerative effects by transferring bioactive molecules such as microRNAs (miRNAs). This study aimed to investigate the effects of exosomes from human umbilical cord blood plasma (UCB-Exos) on wound healing and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Methods: UCB-Exos were isolated by ultracentrifugation and subcutaneously injected into full-thickness skin wounds in mice. The efficacy of UCB-Exos on wound healing was evaluated by measuring wound closure rates, histological analysis and immunofluorescence examinations. In vitro, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis was performed to detect the expression levels of a class of miRNAs that have positive roles in regulating wound healing. The scratch wound assay, transwell assay and cell counting kit-8 analysis were conducted to assess the effects of UCB-Exos on migration and proliferation of human skin fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Tube formation assay was carried out to test the impact of UCB-Exos on angiogenic tube formation ability of endothelial cells. Meanwhile, by using specific RNA inhibitors or siRNAs, the roles of the candidate miRNA and its target genes in UCB-Exos-induced regulation of function of fibroblasts and endothelial cells were assessed. Results: The local transplantation of UCB-Exos into mouse skin wounds resulted in accelerated re-epithelialization, reduced scar widths, and enhanced angiogenesis. In vitro, UCB-Exos could promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts, and enhance the angiogenic activities of endothelial cells. Notably, miR-21-3p was found to be highly enriched in UCB-Exos and served as a critical mediator in UCB-Exos -induced regulatory effects through inhibition of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and sprouty homolog 1 (SPRY1). Conclusion: Our results suggest that UCB-Exos are important effectors of plasma activity and can be used as a novel promising strategy for soft tissue wound healing.
Les conséquences de la vague de chaleur de l’été 2003 sur la mortalité aux Pays-Bas
Authors: J Garssen, C Harmsen, J De Beer
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

Aux Pays-Bas, pendant l’ete 2003, entre 1400 et 2200 deces ont pu etre lies a la chaleur. Du fait que les temperatures maximales ont ete inferieures a celles de certains autres pays europeens, et ont eu lieu dans des zones moins peuplees, les chiffres de mortalite ont ete relativement moins dramatiques. Les taux de mortalite ayant augmente temporairement ne sont dus qu’en partie a un deplacement de la mortalite. La plupart des deces associes a la chaleur ont ete observes chez des personnes âgees dans des maisons de retraite.
Abstract 15890: Spatiotemporal Analysis of Phase and Frequency Dynamics in Human Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Nawshin Dastagir, Frederique J Vanheusden, Gavin S Chu, João L Salinet, Xin Li, Tiago P Almeida, Peter J Stafford, Fernando S Schlindwein, G A Ng
Journal: Circulation (2015)

There is increasing focus on understanding the substrates that maintain persistent atrial fibrillation (persAF) based on dominant frequency (DF) sources and phase singularity points (PS). In this study we aimed to combine these two parameters and study the relationship between them to depict the complex spatiotemporal patterns of fibrillation. For 9 patients with longstanding persAF (duration: 34 ± 25 months) undergoing left atrial (LA) ablation, noncontact array catheter (EnSite Array, St. Jude Medical) was used to collect virtual unipolar electrograms (EGMs) simultaneously from 2048 nodes on the LA. After QRST subtraction, 3D DF maps were obtained through the fast Fourier Transform applied simultaneously to each individual EGM. DF was defined within the range of 4-10Hz (4s time window; 87.5% overlap; 30s/patient). Highest DF (HDF) regions for each individual window were defined as any LA geometry nodes where the calculated DF was within 0.25 Hz of the maximum DF value registered in the window. In order to correlate these HDF locations with PS, phase maps were constructed using the Hilbert transform approach and the locations of PS and its respective chirality (+ clockwise; - anticlockwise) were identified applying an automatic PS detection algorithm. A statistical majority of PSs (92.5%, p&lt;0.001) were distributed outside the HDF regions. There was a relationship between PSs and the HDF regions such that PSs of opposite chirality influence the propagation of HDF. This was observed for all patients and in 72.1 (± 10.5) % of the total windows. The influence of direction of HDF movement by PSs of opposite chirality was observed 12 (±9) times for each window. A case illustration is presented on Figure 1. Our analysis suggests an organised behaviour of PS of opposite chirality and HDF regions travelling between them. Once an electrophysiological relationship is established, the spatiotemporal behaviour of PS and HDF could provide alternative ablation strategies for AF.
Microneedle arrays coated with charge reversal pH-sensitive copolymers improve antigen presenting cells-homing DNA vaccine delivery and immune responses
Authors: Huu Thuy Trang Duong, Nak Won Kim, Thavasyappan Thambi, V.H. Giang Phan, Min Sang Lee, Yue Yin, Ji Hoon Jeong, Doo Sung Lee
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2017)
Circulating Magnetic Microbubbles for Localized Real-Time Control of Drug Delivery by Ultrasonography-Guided Magnetic Targeting and Ultrasound
Authors: Beata Chertok, Robert Langer
Journal: Theranostics (2017)

Image-guided and target-selective modulation of drug delivery by external physical triggers at the site of pathology has the potential to enable tailored control of drug targeting.Magnetic microbubbles that are responsive to magnetic and acoustic modulation and visible to ultrasonography have been proposed as a means to realize this drug targeting strategy.To comply with this strategy in vivo, magnetic microbubbles must circulate systemically and evade deposition in pulmonary capillaries, while also preserving magnetic and acoustic activities in circulation over time.Unfortunately, challenges in fabricating magnetic microbubbles with such characteristics have limited progress in this field.In this report, we develop magnetic microbubbles (MagMB) that display strong magnetic and acoustic activities, while also preserving the ability to circulate systemically and evade pulmonary entrapment.Methods: We systematically evaluated the characteristics of MagMB including their pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, visibility to ultrasonography and amenability to magneto-acoustic modulation in tumor-bearing mice.We further assessed the applicability of MagMB for ultrasonography-guided control of drug targeting.Results: Following intravenous injection, MagMB exhibited a 17-to 90-fold lower pulmonary entrapment compared to previously reported magnetic microbubbles and mimicked circulation persistence of the clinically utilized Definity microbubbles (>10 min).In addition, MagMB could be accumulated in tumor vasculature by magnetic targeting, monitored by ultrasonography and collapsed by focused ultrasound on demand to activate drug deposition at the target.Furthermore, drug delivery to target tumors could be enhanced by adjusting the magneto-acoustic modulation based on ultrasonographic monitoring of MagMB in real-time.Conclusions: Circulating MagMB in conjunction with ultrasonography-guided magneto-acoustic modulation may provide a strategy for tailored minimally-invasive control over drug delivery to target tissues.
A picture of early death after admission in patients with advanced cancer at the end-of-life.
Authors: Shuji Hiramoto, Ayako Kikuchi, Hori Tetsuo, Akira Yoshioka, Tomoko Tamaki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

80 Background: Little is unknown about a picture of early death after admission in terminal phase of advanced cancer patients. Previous studies have reported that approximately 14.3% of patients with cancer enroll in hospice in the last 3days of life. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data for 510 advanced cancer patients at the end of life between August 2011 and August 2016, and contained deceased 83 (16.3%) patients within 3days after admission in our institute. We divided into deceased patients within 3days and more than 4days after admission. Primary endpoints are to compare each symptom (delirium, cancer pain, dyspnea, nausea and vomiting, fatigue) and intervention (hydration, continuous sedation, opioid) at the end of life. Secondary endpoints are association between prognostic factor and early death (within 3days) after admission. Results: Symptoms about delirium, cancer pain, dyspnea, nausea and vomiting were no significant difference between deceased patients within 3days and more than 4days after admission. Mean hydration at the end of life was more significantly volume of infusion for patients in within 3days (0.34 Litters/day) than in over 4 days (0.20 Litters/day). Continuous sedation was significantly less for patients within 3days (4.82%) than in over 4 days (28.64%). Mean of opioid use was significantly less for patients within 3days (Oral morphine dose 23.54mg/day) than in over 4 days (41.11mg/day). In univariate analysis primary site of cancer was tend to (p = 0.086), and number of metastatic site (p = 0.018) and consciousness level ( &lt; 0.0001) and performance status ( &lt; 0.0001) were significantly associated with early death. In multivariate analysis number of metastatic site (p = 0.057) and consciousness level ( &lt; 0.0001) and performance status (p = 0.0004) were significantly associated with early death. Conclusions: We reports a picture of early death after admission in advanced cancer patients at the end-of-life, and number of metastatic site and consciousness level and performance status might be predictors for short-term prediction model.
Persistent Iron Within the Infarct Core After ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jaclyn Carberry, David Carrick, Caroline Haig, Nadeem Ahmed, Ify Mordi, Margaret McEntegart, Mark C. Petrie, Hany Eteiba, Stuart Hood, Stuart Watkins, Mitchell Lindsay, Andrew Davie, Ahmed Mahrous, Ian Ford, Naveed Sattar, Paul Welsh, Aleksandra Radjenovic, Keith G. Oldroyd, Colin Berry
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2017)

This study sought to determine the incidence and prognostic significance of persistent iron in patients post–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The clinical significance of persistent iron within the infarct core after STEMI complicated by acute myocardial hemorrhage is poorly understood. Patients who sustained an acute STEMI were enrolled in a cohort study (BHF MR-MI [Detection and Significance of Heart Injury in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction]). Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging including T2* (observed time constant for the decay of transverse magnetization seen with gradient-echo sequences) mapping was performed at 2 days and 6 months post-STEMI. Myocardial hemorrhage or iron was defined as a hypointense infarct core with T2* signal <20 ms. A total of 203 patients (age 57 ± 11 years, n = 158 [78%] male) had evaluable T2* maps at 2 days and 6 months post-STEMI; 74 (36%) patients had myocardial hemorrhage at baseline, and 44 (59%) of these patients had persistent iron at 6 months. Clinical associates of persistent iron included heart rate (p = 0.009), the absence of a history of hypertension (p = 0.017), and infarct size (p = 0.028). The presence of persistent iron was associated with worsening left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume (regression coefficient: 21.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.92 to 31.27; p < 0.001) and worsening LV ejection fraction (regression coefficient: −6.47; 95% CI: −9.22 to −3.72; p < 0.001). Persistent iron was associated with the subsequent occurrence of all-cause death or heart failure (hazard ratio: 3.91; 95% CI: 1.37 to 11.14; p = 0.011) and major adverse cardiac events (hazard ratio: 3.24; 95% CI: 1.09 to 9.64; p = 0.035) (median follow-up duration 1,457 days [range 233 to 1,734 days]). Persistent iron at 6 months post-STEMI is associated with worse LV and longer-term health outcomes. (Detection and Significance of Heart Injury in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction [BHF MR-MI]; NCT02072850)
P2.04-012 First-Line Ensartinib (X396) versus Crizotinib in Advanced ALK-Rearranged NSCLC (eXalt3): A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 3 Study
Authors: Y. Wu, T. Mok, M. Reck, H. Wakelee, C. Liang, F. Tan, K. Harrow, V. Oertel, G. Dukart, L. Ding, L. Horn
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Comparative Analysis of Biopsy Upgrading in Four Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance Cohorts
Authors: Lurdes Y.T. Inoue, Daniel W. Lin, Lisa F. Newcomb, Amy S. Leonardson, Donna Ankerst, Roman Gulati, H. Ballentine Carter, Bruce J. Trock, Peter R. Carroll, Matthew R. Cooperberg, Janet E. Cowan, Laurence H. Klotz, Alexandre Mamedov, David F. Penson, Ruth Etzioni
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Background: Active surveillance (AS) is increasingly accepted for managing low-risk prostate cancer, yet there is no consensus about implementation. This lack of consensus is due in part to uncertainty about risks for disease progression, which have not been systematically compared or integrated across AS studies with variable surveillance protocols and dropout to active treatment. Objective: To compare risks for upgrading from a Gleason score (GS) of 6 or less to 7 or more across AS studies after accounting for differences in surveillance intervals and competing treatments and to evaluate tradeoffs of more versus less frequent biopsies. Design: Joint statistical model of longitudinal prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and risks for biopsy upgrading. Setting: Johns Hopkins University (JHU); Canary Prostate Active Surveillance Study (PASS); University of California, San Francisco (UCSF); and University of Toronto (UT) AS studies. Patients: 2576 men aged 40 to 80 years with a GS between 2 and 6 and clinical stage T1 or T2 prostate cancer enrolled between 1995 and 2014. Measurements: PSA levels and biopsy GSs. Results: After variable surveillance intervals and competing treatments were accounted for, estimated risks for biopsy upgrading were similar in the PASS and UT studies but higher in UCSF and lower in JHU studies. All cohorts had a delay of 3 to 5 months in detecting upgrading with biennial biopsies starting after a first confirmatory biopsy versus annual biopsies. Limitation: The model does not account for possible misclassification of biopsy GS. Conclusion: Men in different AS studies have different risks for biopsy upgrading after variable surveillance protocols and competing treatments are accounted for. Despite these differences, the consequences of more versus less frequent biopsies seem to be similar across cohorts. Biennial biopsies seem to be an acceptable alternative to annual biopsies. Primary Funding Source: National Cancer Institute.
P2.05-023 Patterns of Failure after Adjuvant Radiation Therapy Based On “Tumor Bed with Margin” for Stage III Thymic Epithelial Tumor
Authors: Kyung Hwa Lee, Dongryul Oh, Jae Myoung Noh, Yong Chan Ahn, Hong Ryull Pyo, Jhingook Kim, Young Mog Shim, Joungho Han
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Trends in Emergency Department Visits for Nonfatal Self-inflicted Injuries Among Youth Aged 10 to 24 Years in the United States, 2001-2015
Authors: Melissa C. Mercado, Kristin Holland, Ruth W. Leemis, Deborah M. Stone, Jing Wang
Journal: JAMA (2017)

This health services epidemiology study uses National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database data to characterize trends in hospital emergency department visits for nonfatal self-inflicted injuries among US youth aged 10 to 24 years from 2001 through 2015.
Understanding the goals of chemotherapy for metastatic cancer: A survey of patients receiving palliative treatment in the Philippines.
Authors: Pauline Anne Peronilla Cauton, Marie Belle Dela Cruz Francia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

28 Background: Chemotherapy for metastatic cancer is, for most cases, primarily given with palliative intent. An unrealistic expectation of cure with chemotherapy can influence a patient’s decision to receive treatment with significant physical, financial and psychological effects. This study describes how patients receiving palliative chemotherapy view their illness and treatment. Methods: Patients receiving chemotherapy for metastatic cancer were asked about their understanding of treatment goals using a questionnaire based on portions of the Cancer Care Outcomes Research &amp; Surveillance (CanCORS) survey. The prevalence of responses reflecting a belief of cure with chemotherapy was determined. Additional information gathered included other expectations and attitudes towards illness and treatment. Results: A total of 90 patients receiving treatment at St. Luke’s Cancer Institute participated. Ninety-five percent (n = 85) said they believed chemotherapy could, however likely, cure their cancer. The likelihood of having an unrealistic expectation about chemotherapy was high regardless of sex, age, civil status, social class, educational attainment, cancer type, illness duration, and number of lines of treatment received. As for other expectations of chemotherapy, majority agreed that chemotherapy was somewhat likely to prolong life (51.1%), achieve symptom control (51.1%), and have side effects (50%), yielding a pattern of responses almost identical to the ones about cancer cure. Patients said they worried most about treatment cost and side effects. Despite this, an overwhelming percentage said they would choose to pursue life-prolonging treatment no matter what the cost (physically and financially). Less than half (43.7%) expressed an openness to discuss advance directives with their doctor. This could be seen as an extension of their inaccurate understanding of prognosis, or conversely as a manifestation of avoidance or denial. Conclusions: Many factors influence a patient’s perception of his/her illness and treatment. Further study on specific patient and physician factors may identify key areas of improvement for effective communication.