tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Inhaled Nitric Oxide on Survival Without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants
Authors: Shabih U. Hasan, Jim Potenziano, Girija G. Konduri, Jose A. Perez, Krisa P. Van Meurs, M. Whit Walker, Bradley A. Yoder
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2017)

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) occurs in approximately 40% of infants born at younger than 30 weeks' gestation and is associated with adverse pulmonary and neurodevelopmental outcomes.To test whether administration of inhaled nitric oxide to preterm infants requiring positive pressure respiratory support on postnatal days 5 to 14 improves the rate of survival without BPD.This intent-to-treat study was a randomized clinical trial performed at 33 US and Canadian neonatal intensive care units. Participants included 451 neonates younger than 30 weeks' gestation with birth weight less than 1250 g receiving mechanical ventilation or positive pressure respiratory support on postnatal days 5 to 14. Enrollment spanned from December 23, 2009, to April 23, 2012, and neurodevelopmental outcome studies were completed by April 4, 2014.Placebo (nitrogen) or inhaled nitric oxide initiated at 20 ppm was decreased to 10 ppm between 72 and 96 hours after starting treatment and then to 5 ppm on day 10 or 11. Infants remained on the 5-ppm dose until completion of therapy (24 days).The primary outcome was the rate of survival without BPD at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA). Secondary outcomes included BPD severity, postnatal corticosteroid use, respiratory support, survival, and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 24 months' PMA.In total, 222 infants (52.3% male [n = 116]) received placebo, and 229 infants (50.2% male [n = 115]) received inhaled nitric oxide. Their mean (SD) gestation was 25.6 (1.5) vs 25.6 (1.4) weeks, and their mean (SD) birth weight was 750 (164) vs 724 (160) g. Survival without BPD at 36 weeks' PMA was similar between the placebo and inhaled nitric oxide groups (31.5% [n = 70] vs 34.9% [n = 80]) (odds ratio, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.79-1.73). Rates for severe BPD (26.6% [55 of 207] vs 20.5% [43 of 210]) and postnatal corticosteroid use for BPD (41.0% [91 of 222] vs 41.5% [95 of 229]) and the mean (SD) days of positive pressure respiratory support (55 [40] vs 54 [42]), oxygen therapy (88 [41] vs 91 [59]), and hospitalization (105 [37] vs 108 [54]) were equivalent between the 2 groups. No differences in the incidence of common morbidities were observed. Respiratory outcomes on discharge to home, at 1 year, and at age 18 to 24 months' PMA and neurodevelopmental assessments at 18 to 24 months' PMA did not differ between groups.Inhaled nitric oxide, initiated at 20 ppm on postnatal days 5 to 14 to high-risk preterm infants and continued for 24 days, appears to be safe but did not improve survival without BPD at 36 weeks' PMA or respiratory and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 24 months' PMA.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00931632.
Duct Stenting Versus Modified Blalock-Taussig Shunt in Neonates With Duct-Dependent Pulmonary Blood Flow
Authors: James R. Bentham, Ngoni K. Zava, Wendy J. Harrison, Arjamand Shauq, Atul Kalantre, Graham Derrick, Robin H. Chen, Rami Dhillon, Demetris Taliotis, Sok-Leng Kang, David Crossland, Akintayo Adesokan, Anthony Hermuzi, Vikram Kudumula, Sanfui Yong, Patrick Noonan, Nicholas Hayes, Oliver Stumper, John D.R. Thomson
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Infants born with cardiac abnormalities causing dependence on the arterial duct for pulmonary blood flow are often palliated with a shunt usually between the subclavian artery and either pulmonary artery. A so-called modified Blalock-Taussig shunt allows progress through early life to an age and weight at which repair or further more stable palliation can be safely achieved. Modified Blalock-Taussig shunts continue to present concern for postprocedural instability and early mortality such that other alternatives continue to be explored. Duct stenting (DS) is emerging as one such alternative with potential for greater early stability and improved survival.The purpose of this study was to compare postprocedural outcomes and survival to next-stage palliative or reparative surgery between patients undergoing a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt or a DS in infants with duct-dependent pulmonary blood flow. All patients undergoing cardiac surgery and congenital interventions in the United Kingdom are prospectively recruited to an externally validated national outcome audit. From this audit, participating UK centers identified infants <30 days of age undergoing either a Blalock-Taussig shunt or a DS for cardiac conditions with duct-dependent pulmonary blood flow between January 2012 and December 31, 2015. One hundred seventy-one patients underwent a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt, and in 83 patients, DS was attempted. Primary and secondary outcomes of survival and need for extracorporeal support were analyzed with multivariable logistic regression. Longer-term mortality before repair and reintervention were analyzed with Cox proportional hazards regression. All multivariable analyses accommodated a propensity score to balance patient characteristics between the groups.There was an early (to discharge) survival advantage for infants before next-stage surgery in the DS group (odds ratio, 4.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.37-13.14; P=0.012). There was also a difference in the need for postprocedural extracorporeal support in favor of the DS group (odds ratio, 0.22; 95% confidence interval, 0.05-1.05; P=0.058). Longer-term survival outcomes showed a reduced risk of death before repair in the DS group (hazard ratio, 0.25; 95% confidence interval, 0.07-0.85; P=0.026) but a slightly increased risk of reintervention (hazard ratio, 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.85-2.64; P=0.165).DS is emerging as a preferred alternative to a surgical shunt for neonatal palliation with evidence for greater postprocedural stability and improved patient survival to destination surgical treatment.
Liraglutide for the Treatment of Antipsychotic Drug-Induced Weight Gain
Authors: Ariel Y. Deutch
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Abstract 17596: Readmissions After Adult Congenital Heart Surgery: Frequency and Risk Factors
Authors: Yuli Kim, Wei He, Thomas MacGillivray, Oscar J Benavidez
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Readmissions after adult cardiac surgery is an important clinical outcome. Despite case complexity, 30-day readmission after adult congenital heart surgery (CHS) has been under studied. Hypothesis: Readmissions after adult CHS are common. There exist identifiable risk factors for unplanned readmission. Methods: We obtained State Inpatient Databases for Washington, New York, Florida, and California 2009-2011 and selected admissions 18 - 49 years with ICD-9 CM codes indicating adult CHS. We defined readmission as any non-elective hospitalization for a given patient &lt; 30 days of discharge from the index CHS admission. We examined patient demographic and clinical variables and defined complications using the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart complication short list. Case complexity was grouped using the Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery-1 (RACHS-1) categories. High resource use (HRU) admissions were defined as those &gt; 90 th percentile for total hospital charges. Multivariate analyses using generalized estimating equations were performed to identify adjusted risk factors for readmission. Results: Of 9860 admissions, there were 1675 readmissions (17%). Median length of stay for readmissions was 4 days and mortality rate 2.1%. Most common indications for readmission were cardiac (pericardial disease, atrial fibrillation, heart failure) and infectious (endocarditis, post-operative infection). On multivariable analysis, black race (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.2 p&lt;0.04), renal insufficiency (AOR 1.8 p&lt;0.001), drug abuse (AOR 1.4 p=0.001), obesity (AOR 1.2 p=0.03), government-sponsored insurance (AOR 1.3 p&lt;0.001), median income &lt;$40,000 (AOR 1.3 p=0.001), index admissions with complication (AOR 1.1 p=0.04), RACHS-1 3 complexity (AOR 1.3 p=0.04), HRU (AOR 1.4 p=0.003), and emergent (AOR 1.5 p&lt;0.001) were risk factors for readmission. Conclusions: One out of 6 adult CHS hospitalizations result in unplanned readmission. Lower socioeconomic status, black race, renal failure, obesity, drug abuse, HRU, emergent index admission, and complications are risk factors for subsequent unplanned 30-day readmission. These risk factors may serve as potential quality improvement targets to reduce readmissions.
CATARACT IN INDIA.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Image Gallery: An unusual cutaneous presentation of disseminated penicilliosis marneffei in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: H. Qu, Y. Song, R. Li, J. Yu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

Funding sources: none. Conflicts of interest: none declared. Dear Editor, a 45‐year‐old woman living in Southern China presented with a 1‐year history of multiple erythematous, disseminated granulomatous lesions affecting the left side of her face, arms and trunk. The patient was diagnosed with penicilliosis marneffei by skin tissue culture. HIV antibody, HIV RNA, T/B‐cell counts and ratios and anti‐interferon‐γ autoantibodies were all unremarkable. Penicilliosis marneffei, caused by the dimorphic fungus Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei, usually indicates potential immunodeficiency in people;1 however, it may also attack immunocompetent patients living in humid tropical areas.2 The cutaneous lesions substantially improved after 10 weeks of intravenous treatment with amphotericin B. We thank the patient for granting permission to publish this information. ...
Pulmonary Foreign-Body Granulomatosis
Authors: Dustin A Staloch, J Stephen Hedley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

A 31-year-old woman receiving total parenteral nutrition after small-bowel resection presented with progressive exertional dyspnea. CT and lung biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of pulmonary foreign-body granulomatosis due to parenteral injection of oral opiates.
Association between Exposure to <i>p,p</i> ′-DDT and Its Metabolite <i>p,p</i> ′-DDE with Obesity: Integrated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: German Cano-Sancho, Andrew G. Salmon, Michele A. La Merrill
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2017)

The prevalence of obesity is increasing in all countries, becoming a substantial public health concern worldwide. Increasing evidence has associated obesity with persistent pollutants such as the pesticide DDT and its metabolite
Production of the extracellular domain of Siglec-9 using and an E.coli expression system and generation of anti-Siglec-9 antibodies
Authors: Nader Memari, Linda Grass, Angie Bansil, Jane Chan-Kyung Cho, Shannon J. C. Shan, Antoninus Soosaipillai, Eleftherios P. Diamandis
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

694  Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are a subset of the immunogluobulin superfamily of cell surface receptors that mediate protein-carbohydrate interactions through their ability to bind sialic acid moieties found on glycolipids and glycoproteins. Siglecs are mainly expressed on white blood cells and play a critical role in cell-cell interactions and signaling functions in the hematopoietic, immune, and nervous systems. The human Siglec family is composed of 11 genes. In addition to well-characterized Siglecs such as the myeloid receptor (Siglec-3/CD33), seven additional Siglecs (Siglec 5-11) with high sequence similarity to Siglec-3 and collectively referred to as Siglec-3-related genes have been identified in recent years. Anti-CD33/Siglec-3 antibodies have recently been used for diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The development of Siglec-3 antibody-targeted chemotherapy, as well as emergence of anti-Siglec-5 antibodies as a potential marker and therapeutic reagent for AML has prompted the characterization of other newly identified Siglecs. Siglec-9 is one of the newly identified members of the Siglec gene family. Similar to other Siglec-3-related genes, Siglec-9 is located on chromosome 19q 13.3-4 in close proximity to the kallikrein gene locus. Siglec-9 is composed of an N-terminal V-set Ig domain that mediates sialic acid binding, two C2-set Ig domains, a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic tail that harbors two immune receptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). Here we report the production of the extracellular domain of Siglec-9 using an E.coli protein expression system. Total bone marrow mRNA was reverse-transcribed to cDNA. Polymerase chain reaction using Siglec-9 specific primers was conducted. The PCR product was cloned into pET-200 TOPO plasmid vector and the construct was used to transform E.coli strain BL21(DE3) for protein production. Following identification by mass spectroscopy, recombinant Siglec-9 containing an N-terminal polyhistidine (6xHis) tag was purified to homogeneity using metal affinity chromatography and was used as immunogen for antibody production in rabbit and mice. Anti-Siglec-9 polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were produced and used in flow-cytometric analysis of lymph nodes obtained from patients with hematological malignancies. 7 out of 8 patients with B-cell lymphoma were positive. We conclude that Siglec-9 may be a new surface marker of patients with B-cell lymphoma.
Brigatinib (BRG) in patients (pts) with ALK+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Updates from a phase 1/2 trial.
Authors: Lyudmila Bazhenova, Scott N. Gettinger, Corey J. Langer, Ravi Salgia, Kathryn A. Gold, Rafael Rosell, Alice Tsang Shaw, Glen J. Weiss, Jeff Haney, Victor M. Rivera, David Kerstein, D. Ross Camidge
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e20682 Background: The investigational next-generation ALK inhibitor BRG has shown activity in ALK+ NSCLC pts in a phase 1/2 trial; here, we provide updated data with longer follow-up. Methods: In this ongoing phase 1/2, single-arm, open-label, multicenter trial (NCT01449461), pts with advanced malignancies (including ALK+ NSCLC) received oral BRG (30–300 mg/d). Activity by RECIST v1.1 in ALK+ NSCLC pts and safety in all pts are shown. Results: 58% (79/137) pts had ALK+ NSCLC, with median age 54 y; of these, 90% (71/79) had received crizotinib (CRZ). As of May 31, 2016, 41% (32/79) ALK+ NSCLC pts continued to receive BRG; median treatment duration was 20.0 mo (1 d–47.4 mo). The table shows efficacy in CRZ-treated pts; median overall survival was 47.6 mo (95% CI 21.4–47.6 mo). All 8 CRZ-naive pts had confirmed objective responses; median duration of response and progression-free survival (PFS) were not reached. In a post hoc analysis, 53% (95% CI 27%–79%; 8/15) ALK+ NSCLC pts with measurable baseline brain metastases had confirmed intracranial objective responses (last scan date: October 8, 2015). Median intracranial PFS in 46 evaluable ALK+ NSCLC pts with baseline brain metastases was 14.6 mo (95% CI 12.7–36.8 mo). Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) in ≥30% of all pts, mainly grade 1/2, were nausea 53%, fatigue 45%, diarrhea 42%, headache 35%, and cough 33%; serious treatment-emergent AEs in ≥5% of pts were pneumonia 7%, dyspnea 6%, and hypoxia 5%. 10% of pts (14/137) discontinued BRG due to an AE. Conclusions: BRG yielded substantial whole-body and intracranial activity in ALK+ NSCLC pts in this trial, with acceptable safety. These data informed design of the pivotal randomized phase 2 trial of BRG (90 mg qd or 180 mg qd [with lead-in]) in CRZ-refractory ALK+ NSCLC (ALTA). Clinical trial information: NCT01449461. [Table: see text]
From knowing to doing: it takes a village
Authors: Karen Kotila, Kristian Thorborg, Thomas Bandholm, Anders Vinther, Carsten B Juhl, Bente S Andersen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

‘There is no guarantee that research will find its way to where it is needed. Or that it will even be read, cited or circulated’.1 For many years, knowledge management has started and ended with the publication of an article, or the rare chance of a lecture or speech at a conference attended by other researchers. Now, in the halcyon days of social media, we still need to cultivate knowledge management, which in the sports medicine context is translation , dissemination and sharing of knowledge. At a time when evidence-based practice competes on the social media with sports superstars who attribute success to popular quick fixes, we need to take a hard, critical view at our knowledge management approaches.

Within the sports medicine/sports physiotherapy community, BJSM is a pioneer in the field of knowledge sharing, using a multimedia portal approach. BJSM has greatly influenced and further developed the internationally collaborative management of knowledge. The journal also takes responsibility …
Abstract 14717: Location of Cardiac Arrest and Impact on Survival
Authors: Asger Granfeldt, Mads Mads Wissenberg, Steen M Hansen, Freddy Lippert, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Erika F Christensen, Christian F Christiansen
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Cardiac arrest in a private location is associated with a higher mortality when compared to public location. Past studies have adjusted for cardiac arrest factors e.g. witnessed arrest and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation. However, pre-arrests factors such as chronic disease and medication may also be important.   Aim:  To investigate the association between the location of cardiac arrest and 30-day mortality and in this regard the importance of chronic disease and medication use.   Methods:  We identified 27,813 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients ≥18 years old from the Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry (2001–2012). Using National Registries, we identified chronic disease and medication use (   Results:  Patients with cardiac arrest in a private location were older 72 years (IQR 61-81) vs. 67 years (IQR 58-78) and characterized by a lower proportion of witnessed collapse (44% vs. 58%), bystander CPR (30% vs. 50%) and shockable rhythms (16% vs. 33%). Estimated time from recognition of arrest to first rhythm analysis was longer: 12 min (IQR 7-21) vs. 10 min (IQR 6-16). In the propensity score adjusted analysis, public location was associated with a lower 30-day hazard ratio 0.94 (95%CI 0.90-0.98) (Figure). The stepwise adjusted regression analysis revealed that cardiac arrest factors had the largest impact on hazard ratio while no change in hazard ratio was seen when further adjusting for chronic disease and medication use.   Conclusion:  Cardiac arrest in a public location is associated with a lower mortality when compared to private location despite adjusting for chronic disease and medication. The lower mortality is primarily linked to cardiac arrest factors.
Overexpression of active Akt3 induces differential binding of coregulator proteins to the estrogen receptor as a possible mechanism of tamoxifen resistance
Authors: Muhammad Hagras, Jesika Faridi
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

5197   Tamoxifen (TAM) is an effective anti-estrogen for treatment of women with hormone-dependent breast cancer but acquired drug resistance limits its therapeutic benefit. We have previously reported that expression of active Akt3 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells results in estrogen-independent tumors that are actually stimulated to grow after TAM treatment. We hypothesize that this TAM resistance may be attributed to binding of different coregulator proteins and/or different binding affinity of these proteins to the estrogen receptor in MCF-7 cells overexpressing active Akt3 as compared to parental MCF-7 cells. We have immunoprecipitated the estrogen receptor along with bound coregulator proteins in both cells lines after TAM, estradiol, or vehicle treatment. After 2-D gel electrophoresis separation of these immunoprecipitated proteins and comparing them using PDQuest 2-D analysis software (Bio-Rad), we identified protein “spots” that were statistically different under the treatment conditions between the two cell lines. The isolated protein “spots” were subjected to MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. By searching protein databases through the MASCOT website for protein identification, we have identified estrogen receptor coregulator proteins that may play a potential role in tamoxifen resistance. Current studies are focused on addressing the role of differential protein binding as a possible mechanism of tamoxifen resistance in Akt3 overexpressing breast cancer cells.