tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NCIC CTG MAP.3: Symptoms and quality of life (QoL) among racial/ethnic minority women taking the aromatase inhibitor (AI) exemestane (EXE) for breast cancer risk reduction.
Authors: Beverly Moy, Dongsheng Tu, Harriet Richardson, Elizabeth Maunsell, Paul E. Goss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

6557 Background: Racial/ethnic minority postmenopausal women reported fewer side effects than whites on the aromatase inhibitor (AI) letrozole in MA.17. We present symptoms and QoL according to race and ethnicity in women taking EXE for BC prevention in MAP.3. Methods: Adjusted proportions ever experiencing symptoms or reporting worsened SF-36 domains (change scores from baseline decreased by ≥ -5 points) among racial minorities (M) and whites (W), and Hispanics (H) and non-Hispanics (non-H), were compared using logistic regression models adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), country, marital status, education level and employment status. Results: Of 2285 women randomized to EXE, 2231 (97.6%) women had race information: 129 M (6.1%) and 2102 W (93.9%).Compared to W, M were significantly older, had higher BMI, had lower Gail scores, received more drugs for cardiovascular diseases, and were more likely to live in the United States.M women experienced fewer sweats (12% vs. 22%; p = 0.005) and less vaginal dryness (8% vs. 16%; p=0.03). No significant difference between W and M was seen in the proportion with worsened QoL on any SF-36 domain. Ethnicity was known for 2198 women on EXE (96.2%): 241 H (11.0%) and 1957 non-H (89%). The following were less frequent among H women: hot flashes (21% vs. 42%; p&lt;0.0001); fatigue (14% vs. 24%; p=0.01); sweats (5% vs. 24%; p&lt;0.0001); insomnia (6% vs. 11%; p=0.001); heartburn (5% vs. 16%; p=0.001); nausea (3% vs. 7%; p=0.02); arthritis (5% vs. 12%; p=0.02); depression (7% vs. 11%; p=0.005); back pain (2% vs. 10%; p=0.002); cough (4% vs. 11%; p=0.02); and vaginal dryness (4% vs. 17%; p&lt;0.0001). Fewer H women reported worsening in SF-36 bodily pain (60 vs. 66%; p=0.02) but more reported worsening in SF-36 mental health (59% vs. 48%; p=0.02). Conclusions: Consistent with MA.17 findings, racial/ethnic minorities experienced fewer adverse events on AI. H women had less bodily pain but reported worsening mental health. These differences may be important for minority women contemplating EXE for BC prevention. Genotypic variations and pharmocogenomics that might account for these differences merit investigation.
Actividad gripal de leve a moderada en Europa y detección de nuevos virus A(H1N2) y B en el invierno 2001-02
Authors: W J Paget, T J Meerhoff, N L Goddard
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2002)

La actividad gripal en Europa durante la temporada gripal 2001-02 fue de leve a moderada. Comparada con los datos historicos, la intensidad fue baja en seis paises, media en once y elevada en un pais (Espana). El virus dominante en circulacion por Europa fue el influenza A(H3N2). En la temporada 2001-02 se aislaron dos nuevas cepas de virus gripales: virus influenza A(H1N2) (aislado principalmente en el Reino Unido e Irlanda, aunque tambien en Belgica, Francia, Alemania, Paises Bajos, Portugal, Suecia, Suiza y Rumania), y los virus influenza B pertenecientes a la cepa B/Victoria/2/87 (aislados principalmente en Alemania, aunque tambien esporadicamente en Francia, Italia, Paises Bajos y Noruega). A excepcion de la deteccion del virus H1N2 en Inglaterra e Irlanda y de los virus gripales B pertenecientes a la cepa B/Victoria/2/87 en Alemania, estos dos virus no circularon ampliamente en Europa ni jugaron un papel importante en la actividad gripal de la temporada 2001-02. En la vacuna antigripal 2002-03 se incluira un virus gripal B perteneciente a la cepa B/Victoria/2/87. El nuevo subtipo gripal A(H1N2) esta cubierto por la vacuna 2002-03, pues los componentes hemaglutinina y neuraminidasa de los virus H1N2 son antigenicamente similares a los componentes de las cepas vacunales (H1N1 y H3N2).
TCT-197 Ultrasound-guided Antecubital Vein Approach for Right Heart Catheterization in a Brazilian Tertiary Center
Authors: Felipe Homem Valle, Rodrigo Wainstein, Bruno Matte, Sandro Cadaval Gonçalves, Ana Maria Krepsky, Luiz Carlos Bergoli, Guilherme Pinheiro Machado, Gustavo Neves de Araújo, Marco Wainstein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Effectiveness of national and subnational infection prevention and control interventions in high-income and upper-middle-income countries: a systematic review
Authors: Lesley Price, Jennifer MacDonald, Lynn Melone, Tracey Howe, Paul Flowers, Kay Currie, Evonne Curran, Valerie Ness, Debbie Waddell, Sarkis Manoukian, Agi McFarland, Claire Kilpatrick, Julie Storr, Anthony Twyman, Benedetta Allegranzi, Jacqui Reilly
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2017)
Atypical glandular cells and atypical cells of unknown origin in screening and subsequent risk of cervical cancer.
Authors: Par Sparen, Jiangrong Wang, Bengt Andrae
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

1516 Background: Atypical glandular cells (AGC) in cervical screening may signal a wide range of conditions from reactive changes to malignancies in the cervix. Atypical cells of unknown origin (AUO) is a rare cytological finding in the Swedish cervical screening program which currently is referred to colposcopy. We set out to investigate the epidemiological evidence for AGC and AUO to be treated as high grade findings that should prompt a direct referral to colposcopy and endocervical evaluation and sampling. Methods: A population-based cohort study was defined as all Swedish resident women who had AGC and AUO findings, respectively, in cervical screening program from 1969 to 2011, retrieved from the National Quality Register for cervical Cancer prevention. Information on subsequent cervical cancer between 1969 and 2011 was obtained from the National Cancer Register. Prevalent cancers and long-term cancer risks after AGC and AUO diagnoses, respectively, were examined, and compared with low-grade and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL and HSIL). Risk ratios (RR) and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated as effect measures. Results: 20,041 women diagnosed with AGC, and 33,253 women diagnosed with AUO, in Pap smear without any other abnormalities before were identified. Among these, 262 were diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer within half a year after AGC (1.31%), and 303 within half a year after AUO (0.91%), which implies possibly prevalent cancers. RR compared to LSIL was for AGC 6.83 (CI=5.92, 7.88), and for AUO 4.76 (CI=4.16, 5.46). RR compared to HSIL was 0.53 (CI=0.47, 0.60) for AGC and 0.37 (CI=0.33, 0.41) for AUO. HR half a year after AGC was 1.91 (CI=1.64, 2.23), compared to LSIL, and 1.32 (CI=1.12, 1.55), compared to HSIL. Correspondingly for AUO, HR=1.67 (CI=1.46), compared to LSIL, and HR=1.15 (CI=1.01, 1.33), compared to HSIL. Conclusions: Both AGC and AUO implies high risk of prevalent or long-term invasive cervical cancer, which warrants direct diagnostic measures and close follow up to find precursors or early carcinomas in the endocervix. We are currently exploring the possibility of increased risk also for endometrial cancer.
CO<sub>2</sub>-based amphiphilic polycarbonate micelles enable a reliable and efficient platform for tumor imaging
Authors: Yuanyuan Li, Shunjie Liu, Xun Zhao, Ying Wang, Jianhua Liu, Xianhong Wang, Lehui Lu
Journal: Theranostics (2017)

Biodegradable polymeric nanomaterials can be directly broken down by intracellular processes, offering a desirable way to solve toxicity issues for cancer diagnosis and treatment.Among them, aliphatic polycarbonates are approved for application in biological fields by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), however, high hydrophobicity, deficient functionality and improper degradation offer significant room for improvement in these materials.Methods: To achieve progress in this direction, herein, we demonstrate that CO2-based amphiphilic polycarbonates (APC) with improved hydrophilicity and processability can be used as a reliable and efficient platform for tumor imaging.To better investigate their potential, we devised a convenient strategy through conjugation of APC with gadolinium (Gd).Results: The resulting polymeric micelles (APC-DTPA/Gd) exhibit excellent magnetic resonance imaging performance, simultaneously enabling real-time visualization of bioaccumulation and decomposition of polymeric micelles in vivo.Importantly, these micelles can be degraded to renally cleared products within a reasonable timescale without evidence of toxicity.Conclusion: Our findings may help the development of CO2-based amphiphilic polycarbonate for cancer diagnosis and treatment, accompanied by their low-toxicity degradation pathway.
Tatouage et piercing – le besoin de normes européennes
Authors: N Noah
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Comme a Amsterdam [1], la survenue, en 1978, d’une epidemie d’hepatite B due a un tatoueur a pousse a emettre des recommandations d’hygiene concernant les tatouages au Royaume-Uni. Trente cas primaires et trois cas secondaires avaient ete identifies lors de cette epidemie [2]. Les recommandations pour un tatouage hygienique ont rapidement suivi, et globalement, ont ete accueillies avec enthousiasme par les tatoueurs. Elles ont ete etendues en 1982 a l’acupuncture, au piercing d’oreille et a l’epilation par electrolyse. Au meme moment etaient votees les lois concernant le controle de l’hygiene des personnels qui realisent ces pratiques {Local Government Miscellaneous Provisions Act 1982 [modifie en 2003] et le Greater London Council [General Powers] Act 1982}. Le piercing corporel n’etait pas tres repandu a cette epoque, meme s’il etait sans nul doute pratique, mais parfois secretement ; ce n’etait pas encore une pratique aussi populaire et repandue qu’a present. D’autres recommandations ont ete emises par la suite pour les therapies esthetiques, l’hygiene dans la coiffure et la micropigmentation.
Combined measurement of carbon monoxide and nitric oxide lung transfer does not improve the identification of pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Bruno Degano, Thibaud Soumagne, Thomas Delaye, Patrick Berger, Thierry Perez, Alicia Guillien, Jean-Luc Pellegrin, David Launay, Nadine Magy-Bertrand, Christian Agard, Kiet Phong Tiev, Thông Hua-Huy, Catherine Tardiff, Véronique Diaz, Arnaud Chambellan, Anh Tuan Dinh-Xuan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Screening is important to determine whether patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) have pulmonary hypertension because earlier pulmonary hypertension treatment can improve survival in these patients. Although decreased transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide ( T LCO ) is currently considered the best pulmonary function test for screening for pulmonary hypertension in SSc, small series have suggested that partitioning T LCO into membrane conductance (diffusing capacity) for carbon monoxide ( D MCO ) and alveolar capillary blood volume ( V C ) through combined measurement of T LCO and transfer factor of the lung for nitric oxide ( T LNO ) is more effective to identify pulmonary hypertension in SSc patients compared with T LCO alone. Here, the objective was to determine whether combined T LCO – T LNO partitioned with recently refined equations could more accurately detect pulmonary hypertension than T LCO alone in SSc. For that purpose, 572 unselected consecutive SSc patients were retrospectively recruited in seven French centres. Pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed with right heart catheterisation in 58 patients. T LCO , T LNO and V C were all lower in SSc patients with pulmonary hypertension than in SSc patients without pulmonary hypertension. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the presence of pulmonary hypertension was equivalent for T LCO (0.82, 95% CI 0.79–0.85) and T LNO (0.80, 95% CI 0.76–0.83), but lower for V C (0.75, 95% CI 0.71–0.78) and D MCO (0.66, 95% CI 0.62–0.70). Compared with T LCO alone, combined T LCO – T LNO does not add capability to detect pulmonary hypertension in unselected SSc patients.
Malattie prevenibili da vaccino: la sorveglianza regionale può aiutare a migliorare la confrontabilità dei dati tra paesi
Authors: J C Desenclos
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2001)

La maniera in cui si affronta la sorveglianza per una data malattia in Europa varia molto da paese a paese. Tutti gli studi condotti su questo argomento finora sono giunti a questa conclusione, che la variabilita tra paesi e correlata a molti fattori tra i quali l'organizzazione dell'assistenza sanitaria gioco un ruolo maggiore.
TCT-150 Risk Factors for New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention among patients with Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Adedotun Ogunsua, Aditya Vaze, Ibrahim Kassas, Barinda Hansra, Ahmed Nagy, Rasha Elhag, Jonathan Bisaillon, Justice Oranefo, Michael Gagnier, Kevin O'Day, Summer Aldrugh, Antoine Soueid, David McManus, Mohammed Akhter, Deeqo Mohamud
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Quantification of Myocardial Perfusion Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Arnold, C C Lim, J M Francis, T D Karamitsos, W J van Gaal, P Bhamra-Ariza, L Testa, J B Selvanayagam, R Sayeed, S Westaby, A P Banning, S Neubauer, M Jerosch-Herold
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Prevalence of knee pain, radiographic osteoarthritis and arthroplasty in retired professional footballers compared with men in the general population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gwen Sascha Fernandes, Sanjay Mukund Parekh, Jonathan Moses, Colin Fuller, Brigitte Scammell, Mark Edward Batt, Weiya Zhang, Michael Doherty
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

To determine the prevalence of knee pain, radiographic knee osteoarthritis (RKOA), total knee replacement (TKR) and associated risk factors in male ex-professional footballers compared with men in the general population (comparison group).1207 male ex-footballers and 4085 men in the general population in the UK were assessed by postal questionnaire. Current knee pain was defined as pain in or around the knees on most days of the previous month. Presence and severity of RKOA were assessed on standardised radiographs using the Nottingham Line Drawing Atlas (NLDA) in a subsample of 470 ex-footballers and 491 men in the comparison group. The adjusted risk ratio (aRR) and adjusted risk difference (aRD) with 95% CI in ex-footballers compared with the general population were calculated using the marginal model in Stata.Ex-footballers were more likely than the comparison group to have current knee pain (aRR 1.91, 95% CI 1.77 to 2.06), RKOA (aRR 2.21, 95% CI 1.92 to 2.54) and TKR (aRR 3.61, 95% CI 2.90 to 4.50). Ex-footballers were also more likely to present with chondrocalcinosis (aRR 3.41, 95% CI 2.44 to 4.77). Prevalence of knee pain and RKOA were higher in ex-footballers at all ages. However, even after adjustment for significant knee injury and other risk factors, there was more than a doubling of risk of these outcomes in footballers.The prevalence of all knee osteoarthritis outcomes (knee pain, RKOA and TKR) were two to three times higher in male ex-footballers compared with men in the general population group. Knee injury is the main attributable risk factor. Even after adjustment for recognised risk factors, knee osteoarthritis appear to be an occupational hazard of professional football.
Abstract #2664: Ascorbic acid suppresses the 2,3,7,8-tetrachloridibenxo-p-dioxin-induced CYP1A1 expression in human hepG2 cells
Authors: Jung Park, In Park, Ik Chung, Young Park, Kyung Kim, Young Jung
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

The mechanisms involving the inhibitory effects of ascorbic acid (AA) on carcinogenesis have not fully defined, except for its free-radical scavenging activity against oxidative DNA damage. In this study, we examined the effects of AA on the expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-regulated gene cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1), which catalyzes the activation of genotoxic metabolites that can lead to mutagenesis. Cultured human HepG2 cells were incubated with AA with or without the potent AhR agonist/CYP1A1 inducer 2,3,7,8-tetrachloridibenxo- p -dioxin (TCDD). AA was highly effective at suppressing CYP1A1 induction following coincubation of the cells with 1 nM TCDD. The preventive effects of AA were seen at the level of mRNA and protein expression as well as CYP1A1-specific 7-ethoxyresorufin  O -deethylase (EROD) activity. A transient transfection assay using a dioxin response element (DRE)-linked luciferase reporter and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that AA reduced the amount of AhR that could form a complex with the DRE sequence in the promoter region of the CYP1A1 gene. In addition, AA inhibited the TCDD-induced Ecto-ATPase activity, which is known to be require for AhR translocation to the nucleus. These results suggest that AA may exert at least part of its anticarcinogenesis effect by controlling the expression of CYP1A1 at the transcription level.   Citation Information:  In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 2664.
The correlation between immune status of patients and their prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Xiao Ding, Jiuwei Cui, Xu Yan, Chao Niu, Huimin Tian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e23192 Background: In order to investigate the association of immune status with the prognosis in patients with lung cancer and to screen the potential prognostic markers, the immune status including the expression levels of tumor surface molecules, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and cytokines, sMICA and sMICB in serum were detected in this study. Methods: Tissue and serum samples of 125 patients with NSCLC were obtained from the First Hospital of Jilin Universtiy. 50 serum samples of healthy volunteers were obtained as controls. Surface molecules of cancer cell, such as MHC-I, PD-L1, MICA/B and CD8+ TIL were detected with immunohistochemistry. Cytokines such as IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α levels in serum were detected with Luminex. sMICA and sMICB levels were examined by ELISA. The association between their expression levels and patients’ prognosis was analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software. Results: MHC-I was down-expressed, PD-L1 and MICA/B were up-regulated in NSCLC. CD8+ TIL could be seen in tumor stroma and nest. In univariate analysis, we found that patients with down-expression of MHC-I and up-regulation of PD-L1 had a poor prognosis (P &lt; 0.05). MICA/B expression had no correlation with patients’ prognosis (P &gt; 0.05). Patients with more stromal CD8+ TIL might have better prognosis. In multivariate analysis, we found that MHC-I and stromal CD8+ TIL might be independent prognostic factors in NSCLC (P &lt; 0.05). TNF-α and IFN-γ were significantly decreased, IL-6 was increased in NSCLC patients (P &lt; 0.05). There were no connections between the cytokines levels with patients’ prognosis (P &gt; 0.05). Serum sMICA was significantly higher in NSCLC patients than healthy controls (P &lt; 0.05). sMICB tented to be elevated in NSCLC compared with health controls, but there was no significant difference (P &gt; 0.05). High sMICA expression had an association with poor prognosis (P &lt; 0.05). There was no connection between the sMICB level with patients’ prognosis (P &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: The immune status of patients with NSCLC had a close association with their prognosis in this study. It worths further study to confirm the clinical value of MHC-I expression, stromal CD8+ TIL and serum sMICA as prognostic marker in the patients with NSCLC.
Astrocyte-derived lipoxins A4 and B4 promote neuroprotection from acute and chronic injury
Authors: Izhar Livne-Bar, Jessica Wei, Hsin-Hua Liu, Samih Alqawlaq, Gah-Jone Won, Alessandra Tuccitto, Karsten Gronert, John G. Flanagan, Jeremy M. Sivak
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2017)

Astrocytes perform critical non–cell autonomous roles following CNS injury that involve either neurotoxic or neuroprotective effects. Yet the nature of potential prosurvival cues has remained unclear. In the current study, we utilized the close interaction between astrocytes and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the eye to characterize a secreted neuroprotective signal present in retinal astrocyte conditioned medium (ACM). Rather than a conventional peptide neurotrophic factor, we identified a prominent lipid component of the neuroprotective signal through metabolomics screening. The lipoxins LXA4 and LXB4 are small lipid mediators that act locally to dampen inflammation, but they have not been linked directly to neuronal actions. Here, we determined that LXA4 and LXB4 are synthesized in the inner retina, but their levels are reduced following injury. Injection of either lipoxin was sufficient for neuroprotection following acute injury, while inhibition of key lipoxin pathway components exacerbated injury-induced damage. Although LXA4 signaling has been extensively investigated, LXB4, the less studied lipoxin, emerged to be more potent in protection. Moreover, LXB4 neuroprotection was different from that of established LXA4 signaling, and therapeutic LXB4 treatment was efficacious in a chronic model of the common neurodegenerative disease glaucoma. Together, these results identify a potential paracrine mechanism that coordinates neuronal homeostasis and inflammation in the CNS.
Risk of infective endocarditis after dental procedures is extremely low
Authors: Mark Baker, Philip Alderson
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Cahill and colleagues endorse a policy that advocates routinely offering antibiotic prophylaxis to people at high risk of infective endocarditis when they undergo invasive dental procedures.1 They quote their own work to support their view that antibiotic prophylaxis in these patients is very effective but do not acknowledge that their findings were challenged during development of the current NICE guideline.2

They do, however, note that …
TCT-334 Instantaneous Wave-free Ratio versus Fractional Flow Reserve Guided Coronary Revascularization: A Comprehensive Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled trials
Authors: Rahman Shah, Oluwaseun Akinseye, Samuel Latham, Salem Salem, Abdul Rashid, Raza Askari, Muhammad Shahreyar Shahreyar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)