tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Elucidating progression of early cystic fibrosis lung disease
Authors: Kathryn Ramsey, Felix Ratjen, Philipp Latzin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Widespread implementation of newborn screening has allowed early diagnosis and disease detection in infants with cystic fibrosis (CF). Early surveillance has shown that pulmonary infection and inflammation occur early in life, and are associated with the development of structural disease as well as lung function decline in childhood [1, 2]. With the advent of disease-modifying therapies for CF, and evidence of their efficacy in adults and adolescents [3], there is a need for sensitive outcome measures to monitor efficacy and safety of these therapies in infancy. Findings that infants with CF followed up regularly have mild, transient lung function deficits are encouraging <http://ow.ly/SOKN30fRn3I>
Sécurité transfusionnelle et dépistage génomique viral en Europe
Authors: S Laperche
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

Au cours des vingt dernieres annees, une serie de mesures specifiques ou non specifiques ont ete introduites dans le depistage des dons de sang pour reduire le risque residuel de transmission d’infections virales. La derniere technique en date, le depistage genomique viral (DGV), a ete introduite par l’industrie europeenne du plasma en 1995 puis etendue aux dons de sang dans plusieurs pays europeens et non-europeens. L’introduction du DGV repondait au besoin de renforcer la securite sanitaire de la reserve de sang, permettant la detection d’infections virales aigues au cours de la fenetre silencieuse, lesquelles ne sont pas detectees par les methodes serologiques. Une evaluation des risques residuels de transmission d’infections virales est essentielle pour estimer l’impact de ce nouveau procede de depistage sur la securite sanitaire de la reserve de sang. Dans ce numero d’Eurosurveillance, six pays europeens (la France, l’Allemagne, l’Italie, l’Espagne, la Suisse et le Royaume-Uni) ayant adopte recemment le DGV decrivent leur experience et le resultat de l’evaluation des risques residuels transfusionnels [1-6].
Targeting RAGE Signaling in Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Barry I. Hudson, Marc E. Lippman
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2017)

The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is a multiligand pattern recognition receptor implicated in diverse chronic inflammatory states. RAGE binds and mediates the cellular response to a range of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) including AGEs, HMGB1, S100s, and DNA. RAGE can also act as an innate immune sensor of microbial pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules (PAMPs) including bacterial endotoxin, respiratory viruses, and microbial DNA. RAGE is expressed at low levels under normal physiology, but it is highly upregulated under chronic inflammation because of the accumulation of various RAGE ligands. Blocking RAGE signaling in cell and animal models has revealed that targeting RAGE impairs inflammation and progression of diabetic vascular complications, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer progression and metastasis. The clinical relevance of RAGE in inflammatory disease is being demonstrated in emerging clinical trials of novel small-molecule RAGE inhibitors.
Infections humaines à H5N1 : beaucoup de cas, encore peu de connaissances
Authors: A Nicoll
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Le numero de ce mois rapporte la survenue de foyers d’infections humaines a H5N1 en Azerbaidjan [1]. Cet evenement est rare a plusieurs egards. La source est apparemment liee aux oiseaux sauvages, ce qui est rapporte pour la premiere fois. La lecture des evenements est cependant rassurante du fait que les personnes infectees ont probablement tue et plume des cygnes infectes. Autrement dit, il ne s’agit pas d’une exposition occasionnelle a des oiseaux sauvages, mais plutot une exposition qualitativement similaire a une exposition etroite dans le cadre d’un elevage de volailles domestiques, qui demeure le facteur de risque le plus important (une etude analytique recente conclut a un odds ratio de 29 [2]).
IMMU-20. CHARACTERIZING THE IMMUNE LANDSCAPE OF PD-1/PD-L1 IN BRAIN TUMOR IMMUNE CELL POPULATION USING CyTOF MASS CyTOMETRY
Authors: Alexander Lee, Tom Davidson, Mildred Galvez, David Nathanson, Anthony Wang, Linda Liau, Robert Prins
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Immunotherapy may be a viable and efficacious treatment strategy for glioblastoma and other brain tumors. However, the negative co-stimulatory molecule PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1, which contributes to T cell inhibition in the tumor context, may limit effective anti-tumor immune responses. We have shown elevated levels of PD-1/PD-L1 expressing immune cells in the blood and tumor environments of brain tumor patients relative to healthy individuals. Additionally, our murine studies have shown PD-L1 expression on the tumor surface and on tumor infiltrating myeloid populations. To study in an unbiased manner which immune populations express PD-1/PD-L1 in the human brain tumor context and to discover the immune landscape in brain tumors, we analyzed tumor infiltrating immune cells and PBMCs from 25 brain tumor patients and PBMCs from 4 healthy donors using CyTOF mass cytometry and performed an unsupervised analysis using viSNE and SPADE to form groups of phenotypically similar cells. We observed different profiles between brain tumor-infiltrating immune cell populations, patient PBMC, and healthy donor PBMC. PD-L1 expression was found in the myeloid cell population (87% ± 5.8% in tumor, 89% ± 3% in patient blood, 43% in healthy blood) and PD-1 was highly expressed in the tumor infiltrating immune population (CD4: 86% ± 11% in tumor, 46% ± 9.6% in patient blood, 11% in healthy blood; CD8: 87% ± 10.6% in tumor, 52% ± 7.7% in patient blood, 16% in healthy donor). Additionally, we report differing PD-1/PD-L1 co-expression patterns with other immune markers between the patient’s tumor immune population and PBMC. In conclusion, we characterized the immune landscape of immune populations existing in brain tumor patients and highlight which cell populations express PD-1/PD-L1. Uncovering these expression patterns in the tumor immune population may potentially be used to tailor or develop more precise and effective immunotherapies for patients.
Malattia dei legionari associata ai viaggi in Europa: 2002
Authors: K D Ricketts, C Joseph
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

Nel 2002 venti paesi hanno notificato 676 casi di legionellosi associata ai viaggi al sistema di sorveglianza EWGLINET e sono stati identificati 94 cluster. Il test dell'antigene solubile urinario ha permesso di diagnosticare l'80,5% dei casi. 
I
Spontaneous Disappearance of Large Lumbar Disk Herniation
Authors: Sheng Gao, Xiaopeng Geng, Qingmin Fang
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
MA 12.07 Adjusted Indirect Comparison of Osimertinib to Chemotherapy in NSCLC Patients with EGFRm T790M Who Progressed after EGFR-TKI
Authors: C. Hoyle, F. Andersohn, T. Mitsudomi, T. Mok, J.C. Yang, M. Green, H. Mann
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Optimization of the combination of bevacizumab with FOLFOX/OXXEL in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): the multicentre, randomized phase 3 study OBELICS
Authors: A. Avallone, G. Nasti, G. Rosati, C. Carlomagno, C. Romano, D. Bilancia, A. De Stefano, A. Ottaiano, A. Cassata, F. Bianco, P. Del Rio, F. Izzo, L. Silvestro, S. Tafuto, E. Di Gennaro, S. Lastoria, C. Gallo, F. Perrone, A. Budillon, M.C. Piccirillo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
NIMG-97. ECHO-PLANAR MR SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGING IN HIGH GRADE GLIOMA: EFFECT OF RADIOTHERAPY TREATMENT (RT)
Authors: Doris Lin, Yanqin Lin, Karim Snoussi, Xiaobu Ye, Anouk Marsman, Katie Link, Kristin Redmond, Peter Barker, Lawrence Kleinberg
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

3D Echo-planar MR spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) metabolic brain imaging can map levels of neurometabolites with high spatial resolution and extended brain coverage. In this pilot study, EPSI was performed before standard radiotherapy and temozolomide and again during the final week of therapy to assess whether tumor associated abnormalities are detected, and also whether there are changes in the tumor and normal brain at the end of RT(end-RT). Twenty-seven high grade glioma patients had imaging pretreatment and 23 at end-RT. Water and lipid suppressed spin-echo EPSI was performed on a 1.5T scanner with TR/TE=2000/70 ms and a nominal voxel size ≈ 0.5 ml. ROIs were selected in the lesion or in the peri-cavity brain parenchyma if no residual tumor could be identified, and in the contralateral normal brain. Pre and end-RT ROIs were matched for each patient. Lesion NAA and Cho levels were normalized to creatine in the contralateral hemisphere (Crc). The mean lesion Cho/Crc was significantly higher than control contralateral (P=0.003) brain prior to therapy, and mean NAA/Crc was lower (p < 0.001). End- RT, mean lesion Cho/Crc had significantly decreased (p=.007) and was no longer different from contralateral post-RT brain (P=0.255). No significant changes between pre and post-RT were observed in mean NAA/Crc in the lesions, or in contralateral brain regions. However, a preliminary analysis of the first 20 patients suggested an association of change in individual patient NAA/Crc pre and end-RT with progression free survival (Spearman’s ρ=0.488, 1-tailed P=0.015) but not overall survival. In conclusion, EPSI has the potential to map residual tumor post-surgery and also in monitoring response after 6 weeks of radiotherapy and TMZ. A multi-institutional clinical trial has been initiated to prospectively assess potential for metabolic imaging to guide radiation dose escalation and assess treatment response (PI: Hyunsuk Shim, Emory, R01CA214557).
Dois surtos de parotidite em crianças vacinadas com a estirpe Rubini, em Espanha, indicam uma baixa eficácia da vacina
Authors: C Pons, T Pelayo, I Pachon, A Galmes, L González, C Sánchez, F Martinez
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2000)

Este artigo diz respeito a um estudo descritivo de dois surtos de parotidite em vilas espanholas, ocorridos em 1998, e a uma avaliacao da eficacia da vacina usada. Fornece provas do baixo nivel de proteccao contra o virus da parotidite, que ja havia sido observado em individuos vacinados com a estirpe Rubini.
Ausencia de infecciones en los contactos asintomáticos del caso índice de SRAS en Francia
Authors: S Le Vu, Y Yazdanpanah, D Bitar, J Emmanuelli, I Bonmarin, J C Desenclos
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

En Marzo de 2003 se diagnostico el primer caso frances de Sindrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo (SRAS). Se llevo a cabo un estudio seroepidemiologico para saber si habian sido infectadas las personas asintomaticas en contacto con el paciente durante su periodo infectivo. En total, se encuestaron 37 personas y se les recogio una muestra de sangre para una prueba de anticuerpos contra el coronavirus responsable del SRAS . No se encontro ningun seropositivo para el virus del SRAS en los contactos asintomaticos. Este resultado confirma la utilidad de una definicion de casos de SRAS basada en criterios clinicos y epidemiologicos, en el caso de que reapareciera la enfermedad.
Abstract 318: Vitamin E Affects Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy and MicroRNAs Expression in Mice
Authors: Carolina R Cohen, Nidiane C Martinelli, Graziela H Pinto, Amanda Phaelante, Daiane Silvello, Mariana Recamonde-Mendoza, Michael E Andrades, Nadine Clausell, Luis E Rohde, Patrícia Ashton-Prolla, Andréia Biolo
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Aims: Vitamin E is a usual antioxidant, but little is known about its effects on cardiac hypertrophy and microRNAs (miRs) expression induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice. Methods and Results: Male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four cohorts: SHAM ( n= 22), TAC ( n =34), SHAM supplemented with vitamin E (SHAM+VIT, n =22), and TAC supplemented with vitamin E (TAC+VIT, n =34). VIT groups received 200 mg/kg of α-tocopherol once a day, and the other groups received placebo, both by gavage. After 7 and 35 days of surgery analysis of cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, miRs and gene expression and carbonyl concentrations in cardiac tissue were performed. Left ventricle mass increased 23% and 35% in 7 and 35 days, respectively, in TAC group, similar data were observed in TAC+VIT group (all p &lt;0.05 vs. SHAM groups). Cardiac fibrosis was increased by TAC surgery as early as 7 days and remained high after 35 days. Still, TAC mice exhibit higher levels of protein damage at 35 days. This pathological phenotype was not seen in animals of the TAC+VIT group. Vitamin E seemed to inhibit cardiac fibrosis and oxidative damage. Moreover, cardiac hypertrophy was followed by increased miR-21 and -499 expression in TAC group, mainly 35 days ( miR-21 : 2.9 ± 0.6 fold vs . SHAM: 1 ± 0.1 fold , miR 499 : 3 ± 0.4 fold vs. 1.1 ± 0.1 fold , p &lt;0.05). However, TAC+VIT mice displayed a different miR expression profile, with decreased miR-21 and - 499 expression ( miR-21 : 0.5 ± 0.1 fold , miR-499 : 0.4 ± 0.1 fold ; TAC vs. p &lt;0.05) and increased miR-210 expression (3.2 ± 0.5 fold vs. TAC: 1.9 ± 0.2 fold, p =0.034). Computational target prediction of these miRs demonstrated that they can be involved in the control of major pathways in the heart disease scenario such as MAPK, mTOR, PI3K-AKT, among others. Conclusion: TAC model induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and protein damage followed by changes in miRs expression. Vitamin E supplementation was associated with a different miR expression profile and mitigated the pathological phenotype.
Vigilancia europea de la legionelosis asociada a viajes, 1.996
Authors: C. R. Lane, C Joseph, C L R Bartlett
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

El Programa de Vigilancia Europea de la Legionelosis Asociada a los Viajes (EWGLI) fue establecido en 1.987 para identificar agrupaciones y brotes de casos de la enfermedad (1). Veintinueve centros colaboradores de 25 paises remiten declaraciones de casos en un formato estandar. Desde 1.993, el programa recibe el apoyo administrativo de la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y cuenta con la financiacion de la Direccion General V (DGV) de la Comision Europea (CE). Esta coordinado por el Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS, Servicio de Laboratorio de la Salud Publica) del Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC, Centro de Vigilancia de Enfermedades Transmisibles) de Londres.
Expériences avec le nouveau variant génétique de Chlamydia trachomatis dans le comté d’Örebro (Suède) : proportion, caractéristiques et efficacité diagnostique en situation d’émergence
Authors: M Unemo, P Olcén, I Agné-Stadling, A Feldt, M Jurstrand, B Herrmann, K Persson, P Nilsson, T Ripa, H Fredlund
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

Un variant de Chlamydia trachomatis presentant une deletion de 377 paires de base dans le plasmide cryptique a recemment ete signale en Suede. Cette deletion porte sur les cibles des tests Cobas Amplicor, Cobas TaqMan48 et Abbott m2000. Nous avons examine la proportion et les caracteristiques du variant dans le comte d’Orebro en Suede, et mis au point une solution diagnostique efficace.
GENE-45. DETAILED BREAKPOINT ANALYSES IMPLY THAT EGFRvIII DELETIONS ARE GENERATED BY DIFFERENT GENOMIC REARRANGEMENTS OF AMPLIFIED FULL LENGTH EGFR
Authors: Tomoyuki Koga, Javier Figueroa, Bob Carter, Clark Chen, Frank Furnari
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) variant III (vIII), which has an extracellular truncation encompassing exons two to seven, is the most common EGFR mutant in glioblastoma and is associated with aggressive tumor growth. Owing to the long intron one of this gene (123Kb), the breakpoints are highly variable between patient samples and have proven difficult to map. Additionally, mechanisms causing these deletions have not been characterized. Here we determined the presence of EGFRvIII and accompanying breakpoint structures for 29 glioblastoma samples using a combination of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) screening, mapping PCR and Sanger sequencing. Further, to obtain information regarding the allele of origin for EGFRvIII, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites in amplified non-vIII EGFR and EGFRvIII transcripts were determined. In 12 out of 29 patient samples, EGFR was amplified and copy number differences between inside and outside regions of the vIII deletion revealed at least one vIII-indicative PCR product in eight of the patient samples. Eight different EGFRvIII breakpoints were detected in six tumors among eight qPCR-positive samples using our mapping PCR procedure. The breakpoint sequences showed features of different genomic rearrangements such as insertions, duplications and inversions. EGFRvIII transcripts in two samples that had two different breakpoint junctions had homogeneous SNP compositions identical to amplified non-vIII EGFR expressed in each patient. Additionally, using patient-specific primers, based on breakpoint mapping results from a single patient, EGFRvIII products were detected in DNA isolated from this patient’s cerebrospinal fluid. In conclusion, EGFRvIII breakpoints are highly patient specific, show traces of different genomic rearrangements, and multiple vIII breakpoint structures may be generated from amplified non-vIII EGFR in each patient.
DDIS-05. DEVELOPMENT OF AN INHIBITOR AGAINST MUSASHI-1 AND ITS USE IN BRAIN TUMOR THERAPY
Authors: Caihong Yi
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

We identified the RNA binding protein Musashi1 (Msi1) as a major driver of glioblastoma and medulloblastoma. High Msi1 expression is prevalent in high-risk groups and correlates with poor prognosis. Biological and genomic analyses determined that Msi1 affects numerous cancer relevant processes and it does it by modulating the translation and stability of several oncogenic factors. Moreover, Msi1 is possibly involved in tumor initiation as indicated by the negative impact on the growth of “tumor initiating cells” and expression of stem cell related genes. We propose to use MSI1 targeting as an alternative to treat glioblastoma and medulloblastoma patients. The RNA sequence recognized by MSI1 is very specific and well-characterized. Taking advantage of this information, we have designed a biochemical fluorescence polarization-based platform which allows us to assay compounds for binding inhibition of a specific fluorescent-target RNA oligomer to purified Msi1 protein. We have screened circa 25,000 compounds. 41 hits were identified and later tested by NMR to confirm interaction with Msi1. Compounds that passed this analysis were evaluated in respect to impact on proliferation and survival of brain tumor cells. A flavonoid named Luteolin produced by far the best results and was selected for future analysis. To assure that Luteolin inhibits Msi1 in vivo, we first checked its effect on the expression levels of MSI1 targets (PDGFRα, IGF1R, EGFR, CCND1 and CDK6)-these targets are positively regulated by MSI1. In all cases, we observed a reduction in protein levels and the effect was proportional to the amount of Luteolin used. Next, we used a luciferase reporter containing the 3’UTR of PDGFRα. In normal circumstances, co-transfection with an Msi1 expressing plasmid increases luciferase activity. Addition of Luteolin abolished this effect. We are currently conducting in vivo studies and testing Luteolin analogs as part of a medicinal chemistry study to improve drug characteristics.
Séptimo encuentro internacional del Grupo de trabajo de laboratorios europeos en materia de difteria - Viena, junio de 2002
Authors: C Kelly, A Efstratiou
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2003)

En junio de 2002 se celebro en Viena, Austria, el Septimo encuentro internacional del Grupo de trabajo de laboratorios europeos en materia de difteria (Seventh International Meeting of the European Laboratory Working Group on Diphtheria; ELWGD), que congrego a los microbiologos y epidemiologos responsables de la difteria de diversos paises. El ELWGD se creo en 1993 como respuesta a las epidemias de difteria en Rusia y los Nuevos Estados Independientes (NEI) de la antigua Union Sovietica (1,2). Estas epidemias, asi como las registradas en otras regiones, subrayaron la importancia de fortalecer y mantener una vigilancia epidemiologica, asi como un cribado microbiologico fiable. Desde diciembre de 2001, estas areas han evolucionado y se han fortalecido gracias a la subvencion de la Comision Europea (CE) destinada a realizar un estudio de viabilidad de vigilancia de la difteria en los estados miembros y paises en fase de adhesion a la Union Europea (UE) y a establecer la red europea de vigilancia de la difteria definitiva y oficial llamada DIPNET (EC DG SANCO Acuerdo No S12.324473 (2001 CVG4-012)). Este fue el primer encuentro internacional del ELWGD organizado y financiado por la Red europea de vigilancia de la difteria DIPNET.
IMMU-23. INCREASED RECRUITMENT OF CD8 T CELLS IN HIGH- VERSUS LOW-GRADE GLIOMA
Authors: Bas Weenink, Han Zi Ooi, Kaspar Draaisma, Peter Sillevis Smitt, Reno Debets, Pim French
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

In multiple tumor types, prognosis and prediction of response to therapies relate to the presence, distribution and activation state of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Little is known, however, about the TIL profile in gliomas. To this end, we assessed whether high-grade and low-grade glioma (HGG and LGG) differ with respect to number, location and T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of TILs; as well as expression of molecules involved in the trafficking and activation of T cells. TILs were collected from glioma samples and CD3 and CD8 T cells were quantified by flow cytometry (LGG: n=12; HGG: n=8) and immunofluorescence (LGG: n=36; HGG: n=29; normal brain=4). Tumor tissues were further analyzed for expression of T cell-related genes using qPCR (LGG: n=20; HGG: n=20; normal brain=4) and TCGA RNAseq data. Finally, TIL-derived DNA was sequenced and the variable domain of the TCRβ chain was classified according to IMGT nomenclature (LGG: n=5; HGG: n=5). TILs were significantly more abundant in HGG vs LGG (average 150.000 (range 35.000 - 420.000) vs 45.000 (14.000 – 87.000) CD3 T cells per gram tumor tissue). In LGG, CD8 T cells were ‘trapped’ in close vicinity to blood vessels, whereas in HGGs, CD8 T cells migrated into tumor tissue. The enhanced number of intra-tumoral CD8 T cells was accompanied by enhanced expression of the chemoattractants and adhesion molecule CXCL9, CXCL10, ICAM1. Also, molecules that contribute to T cell co-stimulation and activation, i.e., ICOS and GZMK, showed enhanced expression in HGG. Notably, dominant yet not distinct TCR-Vb gene usage was observed in about 30% of LGG and HGG. HGGs have higher numbers of intra-tumoral CD8 T cells when compared to LGG, potentially linked to enhanced T cell recruitment and activation. Our data argue that differential treatments are required to sensitize HGG vs LGG towards immunotherapies.