tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Frustration and distress during treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Authors: Cristiane Decat Bergerot, Dena Battle, Paulo Gustavo Bergerot, Daniel J. George, Hans J. Hammers, Eric Jonasch, Borje Ljungberg, Axel Bex, Nazli Dizman, Michael D. Staehler, Sumanta K. Pal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

47 Background: Treatment strategies for advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) have improved over the past 15 years. Durable responses are now achievable, giving rise to the possibility of cure in a small proportion of this population. However, it is not clear how patients are coping with more protracted courses of treatment. We sought to determine sources of frustration among patients diagnosed with aRCC. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data derived from an online survey distributed via social media from April to June, 2017. We assessed source of frustration using an open-ended question: “In your own words, what has frustrated you most about your medical care related to your diagnosis?”. We assessed distress using the Distress Thermometer. Qualitative content analysis was performed to characterize responses related to frustration. Descriptive statistics was generated and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to explore the relationship between clinical characteristics and sources of frustration. Results: We enrolled 217 patients with aRCC. The majority were male (52.3%), and white (93.5%). Clear cell histology (84.2%) was the most common diagnosis. Patients reported high levels of distress (M = 6.4; SD = 2.8). Sources of frustration were documented in 71.9% of patients, and were most commonly related to distrust of the cancer care system (12.4%), fear of progression (11.5%), lack of information (11.1%), financial concerns (9.7%), communication between patient and physician (7.8%), treatment side effects (4.6%), lack of available research (4.1%), mistrust of physician’s knowledge (4.1%), and access to supportive care (2.8%). Higher levels of frustration were associated with higher levels of distress (P = 0.01). Patients with non-clear cell RCC more commonly reported an emotional source of frustration (P = 0.02). Conclusions: Patients with aRCC report high levels of distress and frustration with their diagnosis and treatment. The most frequent drivers of frustration can suggest opportunities to maximize support to patients and their families. A better understanding of their disease and prognosis, addressing financial concerns and offering psychosocial support may alleviate frustration amongst patients with aRCC.
Re: Marco Moschini, Emanuele Zaffuto, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, et al. External Beam Radiotherapy Increases the Risk of Bladder Cancer When Compared with Radical Prostatectomy in Patients Affected by Prostate Cancer: A Population-based Analysis. Eur Urol 2019;75:319–28
Authors: Alba Fiorentino, Angelo Errico, Marcello Scarcia
Journal: European Urology (2018)
The effect of palliative care consults on deprescribing in palliative cancer patients.
Authors: Helen Marin, Patrick Mayo, Deonne Dersch-Mills, Spencer Ling, Vincent Thai, Frances Cusano, Carole Chambers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

92 Background: The transition from active cancer treatment to palliative care often results in a shift in drug risk-benefit assessment which requires the deprescribing of various medications. In addition, a change in patients’ goals of care (GOC) necessitates the alteration of drug therapy which includes both deprescribing and the addition of medications intended to improve quality of life. Depending on a patient’s GOC, a medication can be considered as inappropriate. Methods: The study was a one year retrospective database review and included cancer patients seen by the PCC team at the University of Alberta Hospital. Primary Objective: Comparison between potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) prior to the palliative care consult (PCC) versus after the PCC. Secondary objective: Association between PIMs and GOC. The OncPal guidelines were used to identify and determine the number of PIMs prior to the PCC and after the PCC. Results: The reduction in PIMs prior to PCC versus after the PCC was 49% and was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.001), demonstrating the PCC has a positive significant impact on deprescribing PIMs. For our secondary outcome, an overall decrease in PIMs was observed with the changes of GOC. This decrease in PIMs associated with GOC although not statistically significant, demonstrates that one of the benefits of a PCC is the GOC conversation. Conclusions: Deprescribing in palliative cancer patients can benefit patients by reducing their pill burden, decrease potentially side effects, and potentially decrease healthcare costs. This study shows the positive impact a PCC has on deprescribing and reassessing GOC. Furthermore, this study reveals the importance of using guidelines for deprescribing in palliative oncology and brings to light other medications that may be considered PIMs.
Abstract #LB-119: Expression and Function of PAX5 Transcription Factor and Regulation of c-MET in SCLC -Potential for Novel Biomarkers and Therapeutics
Authors: Rajani Kanteti, Sivakumar Loganathan, Soundararajan Krishnaswamy, Leonardo Faoro, Deborah Lang, Everett Vokes, Ravi Salgia
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Lung cancer still remains one of the leading causes of all cancer related deaths. Prognosis in patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is better compared to those with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), however the overall survival rate is still very low (17%). A plethora of molecular changes due to various genomic alterations are known to contribute to the development and spread of lung cancers, for instance mutations in p53, RB, Ras, several receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinases are known to contribute to the variety of phenotypes seen in lung cancer. In this regard, we examined the role of PAX5 transcription factor in SCLC lung cancer. PAX5 is a nuclear transcription factor required for B cell development and its expression was evaluated in upper aerodigestive malignancies and pancreatic cancer by immunoblotting. PAX5 protein expression was relatively high in small cell lung cancer (SCLC, 11/12), however its expression was not detected in non-SCLC (NSCLC, n=13), mesothelioma (n=7), pancreatic (n=6), esophageal (n=6) and head and neck cancer cell lines (n=12). In comparison, PAX8 and PAX3 expression was absent or non-detectable in SCLC cell lines, however PAX8 was expressed in most of the NSCLC cell lines (13/13) tested and also frequently in all the other cell lines . We also detected frequent expression of PAX2 and PAX9 protein in the various cell lines. Utilizing neuroendocrine tumor samples, we found that the frequency as well as the average intensity of expression of PAX5 increased from pulmonary carcinoid (9%, moderate and strong PAX5 expression, n=44), to large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNC, 27% n=11) to SCLC (33%, n=76). FISH analysis revealed no translocations of PAX5 gene, but polyploidy in some SCLC tumor tissues (6 /37). We determined that PAX5 could regulate the transcription of c-Met using luciferase coupled reporter and ChIP analysis. In addition the phospho-c-Met and PAX5 were both localized to the same intra-nuclear compartment in HGF treated SCLC cells and interacted with each other. Finally, we determined the therapeutic translational potential of PAX5 using PAX5 knockdown SCLC cells in conjunction with Topoisomerase 1 (SN38) and c-Met (SU11274) inhibitors. Loss of endogenous PAX5 significantly decreased the viability of SCLC cells, especially when combined with SN38 or SU11274 and maximum effect was seen when both inhibitors were used. We therefore propose that PAX5 could be an important regulator of c-MET transcription and a potential target for therapy in SCLC.  Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr LB-119.
The lived experience of AYA mothers with advanced breast cancer.
Authors: Debra Lundquist, Donna Lynn Berry, Marie Boltz, Susan Desanto-Madeya, Pamela Grace
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

176 Background: Little is known about daily life experiences of young mothers with advanced breast cancer. Limited research suggests they face unique challenges differing from those of women at other life stages and with earlier stages of breast cancer. The larger study aimed to describe and interpret the lived experiences of young women with advanced breast cancer to contribute to our understanding of the needs of this population. Their role as mothers emerged as a significant theme. The goal of the overall study was to inform the development of person-centered interventions. Methods: Van Manen’s hermeneutic phenomenological method was employed in this longitudinal qualitative study. AYA women (25-39 years) with advanced breast cancer were purposively recruited via private Facebook groups specifically for women with breast cancer. Enrollment continued until thematic saturation was achieved. Data were collected through one or more semi-structured interviews over 6 months depending upon participant willingness, desire, or ability. Journals were provided to write additional thoughts. Data were drawn from interviews about daily life experiences. A major theme related to their identities as mothers emerged. Results: Twelve AYA women (mean age: 35.9) were included. All were married, had at least one child (10 months -14 years, median: 6.0 years), and most (n=7, 72.7%) worked full-time. Twelve participated in the first interview, 9 in a second interview, and 6 in a third interview. Three returned journals. The meaning of their experiences as mothers is captured by the theme: “ I’m Still Mom” and 7 subthemes: “ it’s so hard”, ” being a mom still”, “ what I can still do”, “there’s not enough time”, “being remembered”, “searching for resources”, and “ it’s not easy for my kids”. Conclusions: Being a mother is the first priority for these AYA women with advanced breast cancer, but they are hindered in their parenting activities by physical effects of their cancer and its treatment, uncertainty about their future, and worry for their children’s future. This study provides a base for further research on daily priorities for this population to inform future interventions to optimize quality of life consistent with their parenting priorities.
Abstract 16697: Early Adoption of Sacubitril/Valsartan for Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Insights From the American Heart Association’s Get With the Guidelines-Heart Failure Registry
Authors: Nancy Luo, Gregg C Fonarow, Xiaojuan Mi, Paul A Heidenreich, Clyde W Yancy, Melissa A Greiner, Bradley G Hammill, N. Chantelle Hardy, Stuart J Turner, Warren K Laskey, Lesley H Curtis, Adrian F Hernandez, Robert J Mentz, Emily C O’Brien
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the angiotensin-receptor/neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) sacubitril/valsartan for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection frac...
Pain Management: Assembling a Tool Kit, Building a Life
Authors: Kevin F. Boehnke
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
miRTrace reveals the organismal origins of microRNA sequencing data
Authors: Wenjing Kang, Yrin Eldfjell, Bastian Fromm, Xavier Estivill, Inna Biryukova, Marc R. Friedländer
Journal: Genome biology (2018)

We present here miRTrace, the first algorithm to trace microRNA sequencing data back to their taxonomic origins. This is a challenge with profound implications for forensics, parasitology, food control, and research settings where cross-contamination can compromise results. miRTrace accurately (> 99%) assigns real and simulated data to 14 important animal and plant groups, sensitively detects parasitic infection in mammals, and discovers the primate origin of single cells. Applying our algorithm to over 700 public datasets, we find evidence that over 7% are cross-contaminated and present a novel solution to clean these computationally, even after sequencing has occurred. miRTrace is freely available at https://github.com/friedlanderlab/mirtrace .
Intestinal Microbiota Mediates the Susceptibility to Polymicrobial Sepsis‐Induced Liver Injury by Granisetron Generation in Mice
Authors: Shenhai Gong, Zhengzheng Yan, Zhanguo Liu, Mengwei Niu, Heng Fang, Na Li, Chenyang Huang, Lei Li, Guiming Chen, Haihua Luo, Xiaojiao Chen, Hongwei Zhou, Jingjuan Hu, Wei Yang, Qiaobing Huang, Bernd Schnabl, Ping Chang, Timothy R. Billiar, Yong Jiang, Peng Chen
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Sepsis-induced liver injury is recognized as a key problem in intensive care units. The gut microbiota has been touted as an important mediator of liver disease development; however, the precise roles of gut microbiota in regulating sepsis-induced liver injury are unknown. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of the gut microbiota in sepsis-induced liver injury and the underlying mechanism. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was used to induce polymicrobial sepsis and related liver injury. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was used to validate the roles of gut microbiota in these pathologies. Metabolomics analysis was performed to characterize the metabolic profile differences between sepsis-resistant (Res; survived to 7 days after CLP) and sepsis-sensitive (Sen; moribund before or approximately 24 hours after CLP) mice. Mice gavaged with feces from Sen mice displayed more-severe liver damage than did mice gavaged with feces from Res mice. The gut microbial metabolic profile between Sen and Res mice was different. In particular, the microbiota from Res mice generated more granisetron, a 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 (5-HT3 ) receptor antagonist, than the microbiota from Sen mice. Granisetron protected mice against CLP-induced death and liver injury. Moreover, proinflammatory cytokine expression by macrophages after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge was markedly reduced in the presence of granisetron. Both treatment with granisetron and genetic knockdown of the 5-HT3A receptor in cells suppressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-кB) transactivation and phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) accumulation in macrophages. Gut microbial granisetron levels showed a significantly negative correlation with plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in septic patients. Conclusion: Our study indicated that gut microbiota plays a key role in the sensitization of sepsis-induced liver injury and associates granisetron as a hepatoprotective compound during sepsis development.
Arterial Phase 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Alexandre Legendre, Guillaume Collet, Hélène Lahousse, Anne-Laure Aziz, Grégory Petyt
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

A 57-year-old man was referred to our institution for F-fluorocholine PET/CT to characterize a pulmonary nodule in a context of hepatocellular carcinoma. F-FDG PET/CT did not show any uptake of the pulmonary nodule. F-fluorocholine PET/CT showed high uptake of the pulmonary nodule, confirming its metastatic origin. Furthermore, liver early dynamic acquisitions allowed better visualization of the hepatocellular carcinoma during the "arterial phase" than at equilibrium.
Body Composition and Overall Survival in Patients With Nonmetastatic Breast Cancer—Reply
Authors: Bette J. Caan, Charles P. Quesenberry, Catherine Lee
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Analysis of psychosocial and spiritual concerns in patients consulted for palliative radiation therapy.
Authors: Dana Jordan Apkon, Monica Shalini Krishnan, Younathan Abdia, Lauren Michelle Hertan, Muhammad Mohsin Fareed, Mai Anh Huynh, Gregory McCarthy Parker, Tracy A. Balboni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

157 Background: Little is known about the prevalence of psychosocial and spiritual issues in patients being treated with palliative radiation therapy (PRT). This study assessed patients’ psychosocial and spiritual needs as interpreted by radiation oncologists at PRT consultation. Methods: This prospective, survey-based study assessed consecutive consults for PRT from May 19, 2014 to September 26, 2014 at 3 Boston-area community and academic hospitals. Consulting clinicians completed a survey to identify the presence of psychosocial and spiritual issues. 162 consecutive consults were surveyed with 139 psychosocial and spiritual assessments received (86% response rate). Psychosocial and spiritual domains include anxiety, depression, family conflict, family coping issues, personal worries, and spiritual need. Providers ranked the relevance (5-point Likert scale, not at all to extremely) of several palliative care issues, including psychosocial and spiritual issues. Results: Providers reported psychosocial or spiritual problems in 71.4% (n = 100) of consults. Psychosocial concerns were relevant in 68% of consults and spiritual concerns were relevant in 28%. The most frequent problems were anxiety (33.6%, n = 47) and personal issues (33.6%, n = 47), including financial worries. Univariate analysis showed association between psychosocial and spiritual concerns (p = 0.005). Providers treating patients less than 30 days from metastatic diagnosis more commonly reported spiritual concern (p = 0.020). Advanced care planning needs were also predictive of spiritual concerns (p = 0.026). At initial consult, 53% (n = 73) of providers ranked psychosocial problems as “Extremely” or “Very Important” to patient care. 10% of providers ranked spiritual problems as “Extremely” or “Very Important.” Conclusions: Providers noted relevance of psychosocial and spiritual issues to patient care. Given the prevalence of psychosocial and spiritual concerns in this population, it will be important for palliative providers to assess their patients routinely. The variability of predictors demonstrates the appropriateness of assessing all patients consulted for PRT for psychosocial and spiritual concerns.
Protective Effects of Pregnancy on Risk of Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Alexis C. Edwards, Henrik Ohlsson, Dace S. Svikis, Jan Sundquist, Kristina Sundquist, Kenneth S. Kendler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2018)

Objective: The authors sought to clarify the etiology of the association between pregnancy and reduced risk of alcohol use disorder. Methods: The authors used data from longitudinal population-wide Swedish medical, pharmacy, and criminal registries to evaluate whether rates of alcohol use disorder are lower during pregnancy. They compared pregnant women born between 1975 and 1992 (N=322,029) with matched population controls, with female relatives discordant for pregnancy, and with pre- and postpregnancy periods within individuals. They further compared rates of alcohol use disorder between pregnant women and their partners. Results: Pregnancy was inversely associated with alcohol use disorder across all analyses (odds ratios, 0.17–0.32). In co-relative analyses, the strength of the association increased among more closely related individuals. Within individuals, rates of alcohol use disorder were substantially decreased during pregnancy relative to the prepregnancy period (odds ratios, 0.25–0.26), and they remained reduced during postpartum periods (odds ratios, 0.23–0.31). Results were similar for second pregnancies (odds ratio, 0.23). The partners of pregnant women also exhibited reductions in alcohol use disorder (odds ratio, 0.45). Among women who became pregnant at earlier ages and those with a history of criminal behavior, the negative association between pregnancy and alcohol use disorder was especially pronounced, but no moderation was observed for a personal or maternal parental history of alcohol use disorder. Conclusions: The findings suggest that pregnancy plays a critical, and likely causal, motivational role in reducing alcohol use disorder risk among women and, to a lesser extent, their partners. These results extend our understanding of the relationship between pregnancy and alcohol use, demonstrating that even a severe condition such as alcohol use disorder is subject to the protective effects of pregnancy.
Confidentiality has limits in domestic abuse cases
Authors: Jeremy C Gibson
Journal: BMJ (2018)

I disagree with Sokol that Mary’s case did not reach a high enough threshold to break confidentiality.1 I think the general practitioner did the right thing in referring this case to children’s social care. If there was any failure on the GP’s part, it was promising confidentiality in a domestic abuse case—which should never be done—and in failing to assess Mary’s …