tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 15526: Dietary Fat Quantity and Quality Modifies Advanced Glycation End Products Metabolism in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Javier Lopez-Moreno, Antonio Garcia-Rios, Gracia M Quintana-Navarro, Antonio Camargo, Francisco Gomez-Delgado, Ana I Perez-Caballero, Pablo Perez-Martinez, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Elena M Yubero-Serrano
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is considered a major cause of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) increase in dysmetabolic conditions. Lifesty...
Introducing “Images in Dermatology”
Authors: Robert G. Micheletti, Kanade Shinkai, Lauren Madigan
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
In vivo hepatocellular expression of interleukin-22 using penetratin-based hybrid nanoparticles as potential anti-hepatitis therapeutics
Authors: Wei Chen, Jingyun Luan, Gang Wei, Xuyao Zhang, Jiajun Fan, Wenjing Zai, Shaofei Wang, Yichen Wang, Yanxu Liang, Yanyang Nan, Chuzhen Yin, Yubin Li, Ming-lin Liu, Dianwen Ju
Journal: Biomaterials (2018)
Formulation of a film-coated dutasteride tablet bioequivalent to a soft gelatin capsule (Avodart®): Effect of γ-cyclodextrin and solubilizers
Authors: Mi-Hong Min, Jin-Hyong Park, Mi-Ran Choi, Jong-Hyun Hur, Byung-Nak Ahn, Dae-Duk Kim
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2018)

The aim of this study was to optimize a tablet formulation of dutasteride that is bioequivalent to a commercially available soft gelatin capsule (Avodart®). The effect of cyclodextrin on enhancing the aqueous solubility of dutasteride was investigated, after which the formulation was further optimized with solubilizing polymer and surfactant. Among the cyclodextrins tested, the highest solubility was observed when dutasteride was complexed with γ-cyclodextrin. Moreover, the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone and Gelucire/TPGS further enhanced the solubility of dutasteride. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (pXRD) studies demonstrated that dutasteride existed in the amorphous form in the complex. Optimized dutasteride complexes were selected after a pharmacokinetic study in rats, and film-coated tablets were prepared by the direct compression method. In vitro dissolution profiles for the tablets of dutasteride complexes were similar to those of the reference. Moreover, pharmacokinetic parameters including the Cmax and AUC values after oral administration in beagle dogs were not significantly different from those of the reference with a relative bioavailability of 92.4%. These results suggest the feasibility of developing a tablet formulation of dutasteride using cyclodextrin complex in addition to a solubilizing polymer and surfactant.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE NEURO-ONCOLOGY MDT
Authors: Stuart Anderson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Cognitive impairment is detectable in the majority of patients presenting with primary brain tumour and is a major cause of disability, often being cited as the single greatest cause of burden to affected individuals and their carers (Locke et al. 2008). In addition, psychological reactions to diagnosis and treatment can include acute distress, anxiety and depression. Collectively, these symptoms may complicate treatment and influence quality of life (QoL). This presentation provides a rationale for the inclusion of neuropsychologists in neuro-oncology multidisciplinary teams. It summarises relevant outcomes of brain tumours and associated treatments and highlights evidence-based neuropsychological practice. This includes not only psychometric assessment but also cognitive rehabilitation and psychologically-based interventions (such as Problem Solving and Cognitive Behaviour Therapies). Learning outcomes include exposure to a specific assessment approach using the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB), components of cognitive rehabilitation, and the psychological impact of brain tumours. Reference: Locke et al (2008). Cognitive rehabilitation and problem-solving to improve quality of life of patients with primary brain tumours: A pilot study. J Support Oncol, 6, 383–391.
The comparison of radiation-induced gene expression profiles by a single or fractionated doses in human cancer cells
Authors: Mong-Hsun Tsai, James B. Mitchell, Pan-Chyr Yang, Eric Chuang
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

866   Ionizing radiation exerts its effects on cells and tissue by direct DNA damage or through other biochemical events. A novel concept we are exploring is the use of radiation to induce molecular targets that are then amenable to drug treatment. In such a paradigm, the dose and fractionation of radiation may be markedly different than what is used in standard radiation therapy. Therefore, we investigated the effects of fractionated radiation treatment in comparison with a single high dose on radiation gene expression pattern in breast cancer cells. We used the NCI ROSP 8K human cDNA microarrays to investigate the patterns of gene expression following exposure to 10 Gy X-irradiation (single dose or fractionated doses) of MCF7 cells  in vitro . Using the template based clustering analysis, we identified 110 genes with two fold change in fractionated radiation treatment, whereas 122 genes were identified in single radiation treatment. Among them, 46 genes are common in both treatments. Cluster analyses of gene expression profiles in fractionated and single radiation treatments revealed different patterns. In the fractionated radiation treatment, most of radiation-induced responses showed a rapid induction or suppression at all time points after irradiation; whereas, in the single radiation treatment, radiation-induced responses showed different kinetics (a slow induction or suppression at later time points). Further analyses on those radiation-responsive genes based on their biological functions (gene ontology terms) indicated that radiation-induced gene expression are similar between fractionated and single radiation treatments. Our preliminary results may suggest that fractionated radiation treatment is more effective than single radiation treatment on the induction of gene expression.
Factors Contributing to Congenital Syphilis Cases — New York City, 2010–2016
Authors: Jennifer Sanderson Slutsker, Robin R. Hennessy, Julia A. Schillinger
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

Congenital syphilis occurs when syphilis is transmitted from a pregnant woman to her fetus; congenital syphilis can be prevented through screening and treatment during pregnancy. Transmission to the fetus can occur at any stage of maternal infection, but is more likely during primary and secondary syphilis, with rates of transmission up to 100% at these stages (1). Untreated syphilis during pregnancy can cause spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and early infant death. During 2013-2017, national rates of congenital syphilis increased from 9.2 to 23.3 cases per 100,000 live births (2), coinciding with increasing rates of primary and secondary syphilis among women of reproductive age (3). In New York City (NYC), cases of primary and secondary syphilis among women aged 15-44 years increased 147% during 2015-2016. To evaluate measures to prevent congenital syphilis, the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) reviewed data for congenital syphilis cases reported during 2010-2016 and identified patient-, provider-, and systems-level factors that contributed to these cases. During this period, 578 syphilis cases among pregnant women aged 15-44 years were reported to DOHMH; a congenital syphilis case was averted or otherwise failed to occur in 510 (88.2%) of these pregnancies, and in 68, a case of congenital syphilis occurred (eight cases per 100,000 live births).* Among the 68 pregnant women associated with these congenital syphilis cases, 21 (30.9%) did not receive timely (≥45 days before delivery) prenatal care. Among the 47 pregnant women who did access timely prenatal care, four (8.5%) did not receive an initial syphilis test until <45 days before delivery, and 22 (46.8%) acquired syphilis after an initial nonreactive syphilis test. These findings support recommendations that health care providers screen all pregnant women for syphilis at the first prenatal care visit and then rescreen women at risk in the early third trimester.
New Drug Treats Rare, Debilitating Neurotrophic Keratitis
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FLT3 pathway is a potential therapeutic target for PRC2-mutated T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Jingliao Zhang, Yingchi Zhang, Man Zhang, Chao Liu, Xiaoming Liu, Jie Yin, Peng Wu, Xiaojuan Chen, Wenyu Yang, Li Zhang, Ye Guo, Yao Zou, Yumei Chen, Youjia Cao, Tao Cheng, Xiaofan Zhu
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 048: Circulating Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in a Prospective Cohort of US Women
Authors: Deirdre K Tobias, Patrick R Lawler, Paulo H Harada, Olga V Demler, Paul M Ridker, JoAnn E Manson, Susan Cheng, Samia Mora
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Recent metabolomics studies have identified circulating levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; isoleucine, leucine, valine) as strong predictors of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whether BCAAs are implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk has not been established. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that higher baseline levels of plasma BCAAs are associated with an elevated risk of incident CVD events, and evaluated whether this relationship was dependent on an intermediate diagnosis of T2D. Methods: Participants enrolled in the Women’s Health Study prospective cohort were eligible if they did not report CVD or cancer prior to baseline blood collection (N=27,172, mean baseline age=54.7 years). Plasma BCAA metabolites were measured via proton NMR spectroscopy, ln-transformed, and standardized for analysis. We used multivariable Cox proportional regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) per standard deviation (SD) of total and individual BCAAs with incident CVD (myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, coronary revascularization). Results: 1,917 confirmed CVD events occurred over follow-up (mean 18.6 years). In models adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking status, diet quality, physical activity, and other established CVD risk factors, total BCAAs were positively associated with CVD (per SD, HR=1.13, CI=1.08 to 1.19), comparable in magnitude to the association of LDL cholesterol with CVD (per SD, HR=1.15, CI=1.09 to 1.21). In particular, BCAAs were associated with coronary events (MI: HR=1.21, CI=1.10 to 1.33; revascularization: HR=1.15, CI=1.07 to 1.23), but not with stroke (HR=1.07, CI=0.98 to 1.15). The BCAA-CVD relationship was notably greater (p-interaction=0.008) among participants who developed T2D prior to a CVD event (HR=1.25, CI=1.13 to 1.39), vs. women without T2D (HR=1.07, CI=1.01 to 1.13). Isoleucine, leucine, and valine were each associated with CVD (p&lt;0.05). Further adjusting for biomarkers of potential intermediates, HbA1c, lipids, and a lipoprotein-based insulin resistance score entirely eliminated the associations of BCAAs with CVD. Conclusions: Circulating plasma BCAAs were positively associated with long-term incident CVD in a cohort of US women, in particular among women who developed T2D prior to a CVD event. Impaired BCAA metabolism may represent a shared pathway of insulin resistance that links the risks of T2D and CVD.
Validation of the 12-gene Predictive Signature for Adjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Lung Cancer
Authors: Yang Xie, Wei Lu, Shidan Wang, Ximing Tang, Hao Tang, Yunyun Zhou, Cesar Moran, Carmen Behrens, Jack A. Roth, Qinghua Zhou, David H. Johnson, Stephen G. Swisher, John V. Heymach, Vassiliki A. Papadimitrakopoulou, Guanghua Xiao, John D. Minna, Ignacio I. Wistuba
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Response to adjuvant chemotherapy after tumor resection varies widely among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); therefore, it is of clinical importance to prospectively predict who will benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy before starting the treatment. The goal of this study is to validate a 12-gene adjuvant chemotherapy predictive signature developed from a previous study using a clinical-grade assay.We developed a clinical-grade assay for formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples using the NanoString nCounter platform to measure the mRNA expression of the previously published 12-gene set. The predictive performance was validated in a cohort of 207 patients with early-stage resected NSCLC with matched propensity score of adjuvant chemotherapy.The effects of adjuvant chemotherapy were significantly different in patients from the predicted adjuvant chemotherapy benefit group and those in the predicted adjuvant chemotherapy nonbenefit group (P = 0.0056 for interaction between predicted risk group and adjuvant chemotherapy). Specifically, in the predicted adjuvant chemotherapy benefit group, the patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy had significant recurrence-free survival (RFS) benefit (HR = 0.34; P = 0.016; adjuvant chemotherapy vs. nonadjuvant chemotherapy), while in the predicted adjuvant chemotherapy nonbenefit group, the patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy actually had worse RFS (HR = 1.86; P = 0.14; adjuvant chemotherapy vs. nonadjuvant chemotherapy) than those who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy.This study validated that the 12-gene signature and the FFPE-based clinical assay predict that patients whose resected lung adenocarcinomas exhibit an adjuvant chemotherapy benefit gene expression pattern and who then receive adjuvant chemotherapy have significant survival advantage compared with patients whose tumors exhibit the benefit pattern but do not receive adjuvant chemotherapy.
Replication or reproduction?: Symbiogenesis as an alternative theory
Authors: Michael Glassman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

This commentary takes issue with the idea that replication is a “fundamental element” in natural selection. Such an assumption is based on a traditional, mechanistic view of evolution. A symbiogenetic theory of evolution offers an alternative to traditional theories, emphasizing reproduction and qualitative development rather than replication and quantitative development. The issues raised by the symbiogenetic alternative may be extended to discussions of behavioral development.
Abstract 19443: Methylglyoxal Impairs Neovascularization Post-MI Through ECM Modification
Authors: Nick J Blackburn, Bora Nadlacki, Branka Vulesevic, Brian McNeill, Aleksandra Ostojic, Duncan J Stewart, Michael Brownlee, Paul J Beisswenger, Ross W Milne, Erik J Suuronen
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Methylglyoxal (MG) is the most important Advanced Glycation End-product (AGE) precursor and the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a major target for glycation. AGEs have been implicated i...
Short-term mortality in patients with myocardial injury and myocardial infarction type 1 and type 2
Authors: Laura Sarkisian, L. Saaby, T. S. Poulsen, O. Gerke, A. C. Diederichsen, Nikolaj Jangaard, S. Hosbond, K. Thygesen, H. Mickley
Journal: Circulation (2015)
Effects of the ‘11+ Kids’ injury prevention programme on severe injuries in children’s football: a secondary analysis of data from a multicentre cluster-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Florian Beaudouin, Roland Rössler, Karen aus der Fünten, Mario Bizzini, Jiri Chomiak, Evert Verhagen, Astrid Junge, Jiri Dvorak, Eric Lichtenstein, Tim Meyer, Oliver Faude
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

Background To assess the effects of the injury prevention programme ‘11+ Kids’ on reducing severe injuries in 7 to 13 year old football (soccer) players. Methods Football clubs (under-9, under-11 and under-13 age groups) from the Czech Republic, Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland were cluster-randomised (clubs) into an intervention (INT) and a control group (CON). INT replaced their usual warm-up by ‘11+ Kids’ two times a week. CON followed their regular training regime. Match and training exposure and injury characteristics were recorded and injury incidence rates (IRs) and 95% CIs calculated. For the present analysis, only severe injuries (absence from training/match ≥28 days) were considered. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using extended Cox models. Results The overall IR of severe injuries per 1000 football hours was 0.33 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.43) in CON and 0.15 (95% CI 0.10 to 0.23) in INT. There was a reduction of severe overall (HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.72), match (0.41, 0.17 to 0.95) and training injuries (0.42, 0.21 to 0.86) in INT. The injury types that were prevented the most were: other bone injuries 66%, fractures 49% and sprains and ligament injuries 37%. Severe injuries located at the knee (82%), hip/groin (81%), the foot/toe (80%) and the ankle (65%) were reduced tremendously. Conclusions ‘11+ Kids’ has a large preventive effect on severe injuries by investing only 15 to 20 min per training session. The present results should motivate coaches to implement effective injury prevention programmes such as the ‘11+ Kids’ in children’s football. Trial registration number NCT02222025 .
Lactic Acidosis, Metformin Use, and Dose-Response Association
Authors: Jane E. Carland, Felicity C. Smith, Richard O. Day
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Comparative antitumor activity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in acute myelogenous leukemia cell lines
Authors: Shuiying Hu, Hongmei Niu, Patton Minkin, Shyran Baker
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

3267   Multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are a new and promising class of therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. We are interested in identifying an effective TKI for the treatment of pediatric acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). We evaluated the antitumor activity of four TKIs imatinib, dasatinib, sorafenib and sunitinib in a panel of human AML cell lines, which represent different FAB and cytogenetic subtypes of AML (HL-60, Kasumi-1, KG-1, NB4, ML-2, MV4, THP-1, U937 and Mo7e). Using an MTT assay (72h exposure; 3 independent experiments), sorafenib and sunitinib exhibited more potent anti-proliferative effects in all cell lines than imatinib and dasatinib, which inhibit a narrower spectrum of kinases, with IC50 values ranging 0.0020 μM to 13 μM for the former. The two most sensitive cells lines to sorafenib and sunitinib were Kasumi-1 (IC50 values of 40 nM and 23 nM) and MV4 (IC50 values of 2 nM and 7 nM), which possessed activating mutations of c-KIT and FLT-3 genes, respectively. In a more sensitive cell line (MV4), sorafenib and sunitinib promoted apoptosis (Annexin V + PI staining) in 50% of cells between 0.05 - 0.1 μM (72h exposure; 2 independent experiments) and increased the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle; in a less sensitive cell line (NB4; IC50 values of 7 nM and 13 nM), apopotosis was observed in 100% of cells at drug concentrations > 5 μM, but no effect on cell cycle distribution was observed, suggesting that cell cycle arrest may play a role in response to the anti-proliferative effect of these TKIs. Consistent with the presence of an activating mutation, Kasumi-1 and MV4 cells had activated pCKIT and pFLT-3, respectively. The nine AML cell lines showed different levels of constitutive activation of MAPK, PI3K, and STAT signaling pathways by western blot analysis (2 independent experiments). Sorafenib and sunitinib inhibited phosphorylation of the down stream effector protein ERK in the more sensitive cell lines (MV4 and Kasumi-1) and in a cell line with intermediate sensitivity (KG-1; IC50 values 2.7 nM and 1.1 nM)), but not in a cell line of least sensitivity (NB4) at concentrations comparable to IC50 values for anti-proliferative effects; neither sorafenib nor sunitinib exhibited inhibitory effects on pAKT in the four cell lines above. In conclusion, sorafenib and sunitinib showed more potent antitumor effects than imatinib and dasatinib in AML cell lines, with potent activity against cell lines with c-KIT and FLT-3 activating mutations. Further evaluation of TKIs in combination with chemotherapy or other moleculary targeted agents may represent a promising treatment strategy in pediatric AML and warrants further investigation.