tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Robotic-Assisted vs Conventional Laparoscopic Surgery for Rectal Cancer—Reply
Authors: David Jayne, Neil Corrigan, Julia Brown
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LILRB1 polymorphisms influence posttransplant HCMV susceptibility and ligand interactions
Authors: Kang Yu, Chelsea L. Davidson, Agnieszka Wójtowicz, Luiz Lisboa, Ting Wang, Adriana M. Airo, Jean Villard, Jeremie Buratto, Tatyana Sandalova, Adnane Achour, Atul Humar, Katia Boggian, Alexia Cusini, Christian van Delden, Adrian Egli, Oriol Manuel, Nicolas Mueller, Pierre-Yves Bochud, Deborah N. Burshtyn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

UL18 is a human CMV (HCMV) MHC class I (MHCI) homolog that efficiently inhibits leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 1 (LILRB1)+ NK cells. We found an association of LILRB1 polymorphisms in the regulatory regions and ligand-binding domains with control of HCMV in transplant patients. Naturally occurring LILRB1 variants expressed in model NK cells showed functional differences with UL18 and classical MHCI, but not with HLA-G. The altered functional recognition was recapitulated in binding assays with the binding domains of LILRB1. Each of 4 nonsynonymous substitutions in the first 2 LILRB1 immunoglobulin domains contributed to binding with UL18, classical MHCI, and HLA-G. One of the polymorphisms controlled addition of an N-linked glycan, and that mutation of the glycosylation site altered binding to all ligands tested, including enhancing binding to UL18. Together, these findings indicate that specific LILRB1 alleles that allow for superior immune evasion by HCMV are restricted by mutations that limit LILRB1 expression selectively on NK cells. The polymorphisms also maintained an appropriate interaction with HLA-G, fitting with a principal role of LILRB1 in fetal tolerance.
A 40-Year-Old Man With Palpitations
Authors: Victor Waldmann, Nicolas Combes, Eloi Marijon
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Hydroxychloroquine should not be used for hand osteoarthritis, say researchers
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Hydroxychloroquine is no more effective than placebo in reducing the symptoms of hand osteoarthritis, a study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine has found.1 The UK researchers said that their findings do not support the current practice of off-label use of hydroxychloroquine in patients with hand osteoarthritis.

Symptomatic hand osteoarthritis affects 4-31% of adults over 70. It can cause significant pain and make it hard to perform basic activities such as eating, cooking, and dressing.

No current therapies modify the progression of damage to cartilage and bone, and treatment is focused on symptom relief. Some studies have suggested that low levels of inflammation cause symptoms in osteoarthritis. Hydroxychloroquine is an established treatment for inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. …
MPs raise concern about government’s deteriorating relationship with doctors
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Members of the parliamentary health select committee are concerned about the “deteriorating relationship” between the government and doctors, the committee’s chair has warned.

Sarah Wollaston made her comments in a letter sent in response to an email from Janis Burns, a junior doctor in London. Burns had raised concerns that the health secretary, Jeremy Hunt, was “vilifying” the medical profession.

Wollaston said, “The deteriorating relationship between the government …
Abstract P2-09-24: Combination treatment with bromodomain and extra-terminal motif inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: JM Schafer, BD Lehmann, LN Redman, P Liu, M Stubbs, B Ruggeri, P Scherle, JA Pietenpol
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer. TNBC affects younger women and is characterized by earlier rates of relapse, higher frequency of visceral metastases, and shorter survival outcomes when compared to ER+ or HER2+ disease. Although the disease only represents ˜15% of all breast cancer cases, it accounts for 25% of all breast cancer deaths – with treatment options currently limited to chemotherapy. Development of targeted therapies for TNBC is challenging due to molecular heterogeneity and lack of high-frequency “driver” alterations amenable to therapeutic intervention. Recent studies have demonstrated increased sensitivity of TNBC to the anti-proliferative effects of Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal motif inhibitor (BETi) compared to the other breast cancer subtypes. To determine mechanisms of sensitivity to BETi, we analyzed the effect of a BETi across a panel of TNBC cell line models and identified cell lines that were both sensitive and insensitive to BETi. With the intent of identifying biomarkers of sensitivity, we performed RNA-seq and precision nuclear run-on and sequencing (PRO-seq) on both sensitive and insensitive cell line models and data generated identified significant differences in key growth regulatory and apoptotic signaling pathways, including notable differences in Myc-dependent signaling. Our data suggest potential biomarkers of BETi-sensitivity that may be of value in further pre-clinical studies. Further, our results provide mechanistic rationale for combinations of BETi with select, targeted therapies in a disease that is in need of new therapeutic intervention. Citation Format: Schafer JM, Lehmann BD, Redman LN, Liu P, Stubbs M, Ruggeri B, Scherle P, Pietenpol JA. Combination treatment with bromodomain and extra-terminal motif inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-09-24.
Prevalence of Sun Protection Use and Sunburn and Association of Demographic and Behaviorial Characteristics With Sunburn Among US Adults
Authors: Dawn M. Holman, Helen Ding, Gery P. Guy, Meg Watson, Anne M. Hartman, Frank M. Perna
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Monitoring sun protection and sunburn over time at the population level can provide valuable information about progress toward skin cancer prevention goals and inform future intervention efforts.
Identification and validation of a novel drug target in an organoid model of esophageal cancer.
Authors: Navika Shukla, Ameen Abdulla Salahudeen, Sean de la O, Daniel James Hart, Gregory Taylor, Junjie Zhu, Kanako Yuki, Jose Seoane, Zhicheng Ma, Jie Ding, Kyuho Han, David Morgens, Michael Bassik, Christina Curtis, Calvin Jay Kuo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

46 Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinomas remains a particularly intractable disease due to limited therapeutic options as well as a lack of targeted therapies. The genetic landscape of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is varied, but a common means of tumorigenesis in squamous cancers are alterations in copy number of putative oncogenic loci that result in upregulated mRNA. Within this subset of loci with copy number alterations, however, it has been difficult to distinguish between driver and passenger mutations using traditional in vitro models. Methods: We functionally screened a data set of amplified “outlier” candidates nominated through a bioinformatics pipeline that scored chromosomal amplifications with linked mRNA overexpression. Screening and validation was performed in a novel three-dimensional organoid model of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma that served as a tabula rasa by virtue of a single p53 null alteration. Results: Functional screening uncovered a novel oncogenic mechanism that serves to drive esophageal squamous cell cancer tumorigenesis both in vitro and in vivo when subcutaneously transplanted into immunodeficient mice. In addition, pharmacologic perturbation of this mechanism resulted in attenuation of the oncogenic phenotype in vitro. Conclusions: We have paired bioinformatics analysis of TCGA data with a p53 null organoid model to functionally validate a novel driver mechanism of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Studies are underway to translate these findings and hopefully generate additional therapeutic strategies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients.
Different pass rates of overseas and BME doctors have no single cause, say researchers
Authors: Matthew Limb
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Researchers have found “no single reason” to explain why black and minority ethnic (BME) UK doctors and doctors who trained overseas show assessment results that differ markedly from those of UK white doctors. 

They said that the problem of differential attainment could be linked to a combination of various factors, such as language and social networks, the role of educational environments, and culture in organisations.

Researchers from the Collaboration for the Advancement of Medical Education and Research (CAMERA) at the Peninsula Medical School, Plymouth, analysed 39 academic papers and …
Combinatorial inhibition of PTPN12-regulated receptors leads to a broadly effective therapeutic strategy in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Amritha Nair, Hsiang-Ching Chung, Tingting Sun, Siddhartha Tyagi, Lacey E Dobrolecki, Rocio Dominguez-Vidana, Sarah J Kurley, Mayra Orellana, Alexander Renwick, David M Henke, Panagiotis Katsonis, Earlene Schmitt, Doug W Chan, Hui Li, Sufeng Mao, Ivana Petrovic, Chad J Creighton, Carolina Gutierrez, Julien Dubrulle, Fabio Stossi, Jeffrey W Tyner, Olivier Lichtarge, Charles Y Lin, Bing Zhang, Kenneth L Scott, Susan G Hilsenbeck, Jinpeng Sun, Xiao Yu, C Kent Osborne, Rachel Schiff, James G Christensen, David J Shields, Mothaffar F Rimawi, Matthew J Ellis, Chad A Shaw, Michael T Lewis, Thomas F Westbrook
Journal: Nature Medicine (2018)
Government confirms final proposals for reform of NHS pension scheme
Authors: Helen Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The government has published the details of its final offer on changes to the NHS pension scheme for England and Wales, after the close of negotiations with healthcare unions.

The proposed final agreement contains the same offers as the heads of agreement published in December last year and represents the government’s final position on the changes to the NHS pension scheme from 2015.

The proposals include replacing the current final salary pension scheme with a careers average …
Sexting—Prevalence, Age, Sex, and Outcomes
Authors: Elizabeth Englander, Meghan McCoy
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Mortality in single fathers compared with single mothers and partnered parents: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Maria Chiu, Farah Rahman, Simone Vigod, Cindy Lau, John Cairney, Paul Kurdyak
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2018)

Single parent families, including families headed by single fathers, are becoming increasingly common around the world. Previous evidence suggests that single parenthood is associated with adverse health outcomes and increased mortality; however, most studies have focused on single mothers, with little known about the health of single fathers. This study aimed to examine mortality in a large population-based sample of Canadian single fathers compared with single mothers and partnered fathers and mothers.We used a representative sample of 871 single fathers, 4590 single mothers, 16 341 partnered fathers, and 18 688 partnered mothers from the Canadian Community Health Survey (cycles 2001-12; earliest survey date: Sept 5, 2000; latest survey date: Dec 24, 2012). We anonymously linked survey participants to health administrative database records to ascertain health status at baseline and mortality from survey date up to Oct 28, 2016. We included individuals who were aged 15 years or older, living in a household with one or more biological or adopted child younger than 25 years, and living in Ontario, and we excluded those who left Ontario during the study period or had data discrepancies. Single parents were defined as those who were divorced, separated, widowed, or single, never-married, and non-cohabitating, and partnered parents were defined as those who were married or common-law partners. We investigated differences in mortality using Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors.Median follow-up was 11·10 years (IQR 7·36-13·54). Mortality in single fathers (5·8 per 1000 person-years) was three-times higher than rates in single mothers (1·74 per 1000 person-years) and partnered fathers (1·94 per 1000 person-years). Single fathers had a significantly higher adjusted risk of dying than both single mothers (hazard ratio [HR] 2·49, 95% CI 1·20-5·15; p=0·01) and partnered fathers (2·06, 1·11-3·83; p=0·02).In this first head-to-head comparison of mortality across single and partnered parent groups, we found that single fathers had the least favourable risk factor profile and greatest risk of mortality. Social histories might help physicians identify these high-risk patients. Further work is needed to understand the causes of this high mortality risk and how clinical and public health interventions can improve lifestyle and behavioural risk factors.Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care.
What is the prospect of gene therapy in the near future? How can I train in gene therapy?
Authors: Fiona Lalloo
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Have a career or related problem that needs answering? Can9t find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site. <b>www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone</b>
What hoops does a fully qualified US psychiatrist have to jump through to work as a fully qualified psychiatrist in the United Kingdom?
Authors: Rahul Rao
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Have a career or related problem that needs answering? Can9t find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone (www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone) for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site.
QOF proposals are “unworkable” and “inappropriate,” says BMA
Authors: Helen Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Proposed changes to the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) for the 2013-14 general medical services (GMS) contract were “unworkable” or “inappropriate,” the BMA’s General Practitioners Committee has said.

In October the government announced a raft of changes to the GMS contract for 2013-14, which it intended to impose without the BMA’s agreement.1 The BMA has called this approach “hugely damaging.” The deputy chairman of the General Practitioners Committee, Richard Vautrey, said that the committee had concerns “not just in terms of additional …
Operative Skills in Neurosurgery at the Royal College of Surgeons
Authors: Lalani Dias
Journal: BMJ (2010)

This course is aimed at year 1 to year 3 specialty trainees in neurosurgery or core surgery trainees with an interest in neurosurgery. Many core surgical rotations include a neurosurgery post, and this course is a useful introduction to simple techniques and the operative anatomy of common procedures and approaches. The drill training day is also useful for trainees in ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgery and orthopaedics as this is solely drill handling, equipment, and familiarisation. A few trainees come from abroad to do the course.

The course is held at the Royal College of Surgeons in London, the faculty consisting of consultant neurosurgeons from around the country. They give you individual feedback on your skills and tutor you within your group using cadavers for the operative approaches and anatomy. The high speed drill training day is taught mainly by a Medtronic senior clinical specialist with many years’ experience, along with several colleagues …
Streptomycin-induced anaphylactic shock during oocyte retrieval procedures for in vitro fertilization
Authors: Motoyasu Iikura, Masao Yamaguchi, Koichi Hirai, Akihiko Suenaga, Toshihiro Fujiwara, Tomoyuki Fujii, Yuji Taketani, Kazuhiko Yamamoto
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Abstract P2-01-09: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the venous drainage of the breast in patients with primary breast cancer
Authors: M Hattori, H Nakanishi, A Yoshimura, Y Adachi, M Iwase, N Gondo, H Kotani, M Sawaki, Y Yatabe, H Iwata
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background: CTCs are shed from tumors and circulate in the peripheral blood after passing through the drainage vein. Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) provides access to the lateral thoracic vein which flows directly into the axillary vein. In this preliminary study, we evaluated the feasibility of detecting CTCs in the peripheral blood and in the lateral thoracic venous blood for breast cancer patients who underwent ALND. Methods: From June 2016 to March 2017, breast cancer patients who underwent ALND in our institute were eligible for this study. A peripheral blood sample,10ml, was drawn just before the surgery or one day before the surgery. A lateral thoracic venous blood sample was taken from the resected breast just after resection. A blood sample of 0.2ml or more was necessary for CTC isolation. The CTCs in the peripheral blood before surgery (periCTC) and in the blood from the lateral thoracic vein of the resected breast (ltvCTC) were quantitatively examined by using a size-selective CTC isolation platform. Results: A total of 21 patients with median age 51 years (37-75) were enrolled to the study. Of the 21 patients, 38% were premenopausal, 52% had neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Fifty-seven percent were ER and/or PgR positive, 24% were HER2 positive. Fifty-seven percent were stage II disease and 43% were stage III. In 3 patients, we couldn't obtain sufficient blood samples from the lateral thoracic vein. Of the remaining 18 patients, we were able to obtain the median 0.5ml (0.2-2.0) blood samples from the lateral thoracic vein. CTCs were detected in peripheral blood in 15 patients (71%) and median periCTC count was 1 CTC/10ml (0-39). In lateral thoracic venous blood, CTCs were detected in all patients who had sufficient blood samples and the median ltv CTC count was 35.5 CTC/ml (2.5-370). In 5 of 6 patients whom CTCs in peripheral blood samples were not detected, CTCs could be detected in the blood samples from lateral thoracic vein. Conclusion: CTCs can be detected in the peripheral blood and in the blood from lateral thoracic vein in patients with localized breast cancer, and can be detected at a higher rate and at a higher concentration in the blood from lateral thoracic vein than in peripheral blood. Citation Format: Hattori M, Nakanishi H, Yoshimura A, Adachi Y, Iwase M, Gondo N, Kotani H, Sawaki M, Yatabe Y, Iwata H. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the venous drainage of the breast in patients with primary breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-01-09.