tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Basis of melanin distribution in the human skin epidermis
Authors: N. Joly-Tonetti, J.I.D. Wibawa, M. Bell, D.J. Tobin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

The skin is comprised of three core layers, and the outermost layer is the epidermis. The epidermis is itself comprised of four further layers: the lowest being the basal cell layer, which is where skin cells called melanocytes continuously make the skin's pigment, melanin. 90 per cent of cells in the epidermis are keratinocytes, which multiply and migrate upwards from the basal cell layer up to the skin's surface, and melanin is carried by these keratinocytes. Scientists looking at skin's total melanin have found that most melanin remains in the basal cell layer with only a little moving towards the skin's surface, but the reasons for this have been unclear. It has been thought that perhaps melanin degrades as the keratinocytes migrate upwards out of the basal layer. This study from the UK challenges this belief. The researchers tested skin of 11 Caucasian women and focuses on what happens to melanin in a keratinocyte cell that divides (creating two new cells). One of the new cells is designed to stay in the basal cell layer, while the other is designed to travel upwards. They found that the vast majority of melanin was retained within the cell that stays in the basal layer but by contrast, the second cell destined to leave the basal layer had very little melanin. The researchers also found that this distribution can be switched when there is stress to skin tissue, such as tissue regeneration or wound‐healing, when both new cells now receive equal amounts of melanin. This research provides important information to help further research into pigmentation disorders of the skin.
sST2 Predicts Outcome in Chronic Heart Failure Beyond NT−proBNP and High-Sensitivity Troponin T
Authors: Michele Emdin, Alberto Aimo, Giuseppe Vergaro, Antoni Bayes-Genis, Josep Lupón, Roberto Latini, Jennifer Meessen, Inder S. Anand, Jay N. Cohn, Jørgen Gravning, Lars Gullestad, Kaspar Broch, Thor Ueland, Ståle H. Nymo, Hans-Peter Brunner-La Rocca, Rudolf A. de Boer, Hanna K. Gaggin, Andrea Ripoli, Claudio Passino, James L. Januzzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
A phase II, open-label study of ispinesib (SB-715992) in patients with platinum/taxane refractory or resistant relapsed ovarian cancer
Authors: M. S. Shahin, P. Braly, P. Rose, T. Malpass, H. Bailey, R. D. Alvarez, J. Hodge, C. Bowen, R. Buller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

5562 Background: Kinesin spindle protein (KSP) is required for mitotic spindle bipolarity and cell cycle progression. Ispinesib (ISP), a selective KSP inhibitor, blocks assembly of the mitotic spindle leading to cell cycle arrest and cell death. Methods: This was a phase II study to determine the effectiveness of ISP in patients (pts) with platinum/taxane resistant or refractory ovarian cancer. Pts with progression during, or recurrence &lt; 6 months after prior platinum/taxane therapy, ECOG status 0–2, and CA-125 &gt; 40 U/ml were eligible. ISP was given as a 1 hr IV infusion of 18 mg/m 2 Q 21 days. A 2-stage Green-Dahlberg design was employed. In Stage I, 20 evaluable pts were enrolled. If there were no CA-125 responses (Rustin criteria), the study was to be stopped. If &gt; 1 CA-125 responses were seen, 15 more pts were to be enrolled in Stage 2. Overall response was defined by pts who achieved both CA-125 and RECIST criteria. Results: 22 pts with carboplatin/taxane resistant (9) or refractory disease (13) were enrolled: median age = 63 (43–80); 21 were Caucasian; median no. of cycles = 2 (1 - &gt;16). All pts were evaluable for CA-125 assessment. The best CA-125 response was SD in 10 pts (45%); 12 pts had PD (55%). The best radiographic response was a confirmed PR lasting &gt; 30 weeks in one pt who also met CA-125 progression criteria (5%); 5 pts (26%) had SD; and 13 pts (68%) had PD. The most common AEs, in decreasing order, were neutropenia, fatigue, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and decreased appetite. The most frequent Gr 3/4 AE was neutropenia. Conclusions: This study was terminated after Stage I as the CA-125 response criterion to progress to Stage II was not met. One confirmed radiographic partial response was observed. ISP was well tolerated with an acceptable safety profile. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Whole-genome sequencing of 175 Mongolians uncovers population-specific genetic architecture and gene flow throughout North and East Asia
Authors: Haihua Bai, Xiaosen Guo, Narisu Narisu, Tianming Lan, Qizhu Wu, Yanping Xing, Yong Zhang, Stephen R. Bond, Zhili Pei, Yanru Zhang, Dandan Zhang, Jirimutu Jirimutu, Dong Zhang, Xukui Yang, Morigenbatu Morigenbatu, Li Zhang, Bingyi Ding, Baozhu Guan, Junwei Cao, Haorong Lu, Yiyi Liu, Wangsheng Li, Ningxin Dang, Mingyang Jiang, Shenyuan Wang, Huixin Xu, Dingzhu Wang, Chunxia Liu, Xin Luo, Ying Gao, Xueqiong Li, Zongze Wu, Liqing Yang, Fanhua Meng, Xiaolian Ning, Hashenqimuge Hashenqimuge, Kaifeng Wu, Bo Wang, Suyalatu Suyalatu, Yingchun Liu, Chen Ye, Huiguang Wu, Kalle Leppälä, Lu Li, Lin Fang, Yujie Chen, Wenhao Xu, Tao Li, Xin Liu, Xun Xu, Christopher R. Gignoux, Huanming Yang, Lawrence C. Brody, Jun Wang, Karsten Kristiansen, Burenbatu Burenbatu, Huanmin Zhou, Ye Yin
Journal: Nature Genetics (2018)
Disease-specific oligodendrocyte lineage cells arise in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ana Mendanha Falcão, David van Bruggen, Sueli Marques, Mandy Meijer, Sarah Jäkel, Eneritz Agirre, None Samudyata, Elisa M. Floriddia, Darya P. Vanichkina, Charles ffrench-Constant, Anna Williams, André Ortlieb Guerreiro-Cacais, Gonçalo Castelo-Branco
Journal: Nature Medicine (2018)
The Effect of a Smartphone-Based, Patient-Centered Diabetes Care System in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Controlled Trial for 24 Weeks
Authors: Eun Ky Kim, Soo Heon Kwak, Hye Seung Jung, Bo Kyung Koo, Min Kyong Moon, Soo Lim, Hak Chul Jang, Kyong Soo Park, Young Min Cho
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the efficacy of a smartphone-based, patient-centered diabetes care system (mDiabetes) for type 2 diabetes that contains comprehensive modules for glucose monitoring, diet, physical activity, and a clinical decision support system. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a 24-week, multicenter, randomized controlled trial with adult patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes. The patients were randomly assigned to the mDiabetes group or the paper logbook (pLogbook) group. The primary end point was the difference of the change in HbA1c from baseline between the two groups. RESULTS HbA1c reduction from baseline was greater in the mDiabetes group (−0.40 ± 0.09%, n = 90) than in the pLogbook group (−0.06 ± 0.10%, n = 82). The difference of adjusted mean changes was 0.35% (95% CI 0.14–0.55, P = 0.001). The proportion of patients whose HbA1c fell below 7.0% (53 mmol/mol) was 41.1% for the mDiabetes group and 20.7% for the pLogbook group (odds ratio [OR] 2.01, 95% CI 1.24–3.25, P = 0.003). The percentage of patients who attained HbA1c levels below 7.0% (53 mmol/mol) without hypoglycemia was 31.1% in the mDiabetes group and 17.1% in the pLogbook group (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.03–3.21, P = 0.024). There was no difference in the event numbers of severe hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The implementation of the mDiabetes for patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes resulted in a significant reduction in HbA1c levels, with tolerable safety profiles.
Subclonal TP53 copy number is associated with prognosis in multiple myeloma
Authors: Vallari Shah, David C. Johnson, Amy L. Sherborne, Sidra Ellis, Frances M. Aldridge, Julie Howard-Reeves, Farzana Begum, Amy Price, Jack Kendall, Laura Chiecchio, Suvi Savola, Matthew W. Jenner, Mark T. Drayson, Roger G. Owen, Walter M. Gregory, Gareth J. Morgan, Faith E. Davies, Richard S. Houlston, Gordon Cook, David A. Cairns, Graham Jackson, Martin F. Kaiser
Journal: Blood (2018)
HLA-Cw6 allele and efficacy of secukinumab
Authors: A. Costanzo, L. Bianchi, M.L. Flori, G. Malara, L. Stingeni, M. Bartezaghi, L. Carraro, G. Castellino
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

This study from Italy looked at the response of adults with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis to secukinumab, a form of treatment known as a human monoclonal antibody, and in particular whether people with a specific gene called HLA‐Cw6 did better or worse. Individuals with this gene are 10 times more likely to develop psoriasis, and their psoriasis is more likely to start early in life and be more severe. Another human monoclonal antibody, ustekinumab, has been shown to produce a quicker and better response in people with the HLA‐Cw6 gene than without. The particular type of psoriasis under investigation in this study was the one where people have long‐lasting large, red, raised, flat areas of psoriasis with a silvery scale (chronic plaque psoriasis). The study confirmed a couple of things that were known already: for instance, that secukinumab is a very effective treatment that works quickly. Also, as one would expect, the group of patients with the HLA‐Cw6 gene were, on average, younger than the group without, and their psoriasis had started at a younger age. With regard to the HLA‐Cw6 gene itself, it was tested for in 431 of the 434 patients originally enrolled into the study. Thirty‐two patients dropped out. Of the remainder, the 227 patients with the HLA‐Cw6 gene did no better after 24 weeks’ secukinumab treatment than the 172 without it. In other words, secukinumab appeared to be equally effective in both groups, and there seems to be no reason to test for the gene before starting treatment.
The Role of Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential (CHIP) in Multiple Myeloma: Immunomodulator Maintenance Post Autologous Stem Cell Transplant (ASCT) Predicts Better Outcome
Authors: Tarek H Mouhieddine, Jihye Park, Robert A. Redd, Christopher J. Gibson, Salomon Manier, Amin H Nassar, Marzia Capelletti, Daisy Huynh, Mark Bustoros, Romanos Sklavenitis-Pistofidis, Kalvis Hornburg, Henry Dumke, Muhieddine M Itani, Cody J Boehner, Chia-Jen Liu, Saud H AlDubayan, Brendan Reardon, Eliezer Van Allen, Daniel Auclair, Robert L. Schlossman, Nikhil Munshi, Kenneth Anderson, David P. Steensma, Jacob Laubach, Paul Richardson, Jerome Ritz, Benjamin L. Ebert, Robert J. Soiffer, Donna S Neuberg, Irene M. Ghobrial
Journal: Blood (2018)
Women in academia: leading health research institute launches drive to increase opportunities
Authors: Laura Nunez-Mulder
Journal: BMJ (2018)

The UK’s largest funding body for health research training has launched a drive to increase the number of women and non-medical healthcare professionals entering and maintaining careers in healthcare research.

The new NIHR Academy, launched by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), aims to make funding opportunities simpler and more flexible and to create greater connectivity between researchers at different stages in their careers.

Changes will include making it easier for researchers to work part time and the introduction of bridging training to help people re-enter a research career after a break.

The initiative follows a 2017 report …
Abstract 14356: Blood Tests That Improve the Accuracy of a Brugada Syndrome Diagnosis
Authors: Anyu Zhou, Ning Jinag, Marco Denegri, An Xie, Guangbin Shi, Hong Liu, Man Liu, Ruiyan Ma, Euy-Myong Jeong, Carlo Napolitano, Silvia Priori, Samuel C Dudley, Jr.
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Objectives: To discover the role of altered gene expression regulation in Brugada Syndrome (BrS) and to find biomarkers for BrS diagnosis. Methods: Twenty-five control patients (Control), 25 BrS patients without SCN5A mutation (SCN5A(-)) and 20 BrS patients with SCN5A mutation (SCN5A(+)) were included in this study. Specified gene expression of white blood cells (WBC) were measured by RT-qPCR using TaqMan® Gene Expression assay. Results: MEF2C and MESP1 are the two major cardiac specific transcription factors expressed in WBC. The mRNA expression levels of SCN5A, MEF2C and HuR, one of mRNA stabilizers, were decreased in the SCN5A (+) group (P=0.047, 0.02, 0.000 vs. control group, respectively). The mRNA expression of MESP1 in WBCs was significantly lower in both SCN5A(-) (P=0.012 vs. control) and SCN5A(+) (P=0.000 vs. control) groups. There was no difference between the two BrS groups in MESP1 expression (P=0.215). The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis curve for prediction of BrS using MESP1 levels was 0.775 (95% CI 0.668, 0.882, asymptotic Sig.=0.000). At the optimal cutoff, the corresponding maximum sensitivity and specificity were 0.62 (95% CI: 0.47, 0.76) and 0.88 (0.69, 0.97), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of MESP1 for BrS diagnosis was 11.96 (95% CI: 5.79, 24.73). The assessment of the mRNA levels in blood SCN5A, MEF2C and HuR were useful for predicting BrS patients with an SCN5A mutation. The area under the ROC analysis curve for prediction of BrS with an SCN5A mutation using SCN5A, MEF2C and HuR mRNA levels in WBCs was 0.847 (95% CI 0.752, 0.942, asymptotic Sig.=0.000), 0.685 (95% CI 0.542, 0.828, asymptotic Sig.=0.016) and 0.777 (95% CI 0.652, 0.902, asymptotic Sig.=0.000), respectively. At the optimal cutoff, the DOR of SCN5A, MEF2C and HuR for SCN5A(+) BrS diagnosis was 17.5 (95% CI: 8.06, 37.86), 4.9 (95% CI: 2.61, 9.17) and 23.5 (95% CI: 9.39, 58.80), respectively. Conclusions: Our results suggest that assessment of circulating MESP1 may be used as a biomarker for BrS diagnosis while decreased SCN5A, MEF2C and HuR mRNA in WBCs is associated with BrS patients with an SCN5A mutation. Our results also suggest that decreased expression of SCN5A, MEF2C, MESP1, and HuR may be pathophysiologically related to BrS.
Oriented immobilization of a delicate glucose-sensing protein on silica nanoparticles
Authors: Arnold Leidner, Jens Bauer, Mojtaba Ebrahimi Khonachah, Masanari Takamiya, Uwe Strähle, Thomas Dickmeis, Kersten S. Rabe, Christof M. Niemeyer
Journal: Biomaterials (2018)
Awakening p53 <i>in vivo</i> by D-peptides-functionalized ultra-small nanoparticles: Overcoming biological barriers to D-peptide drug delivery
Authors: Zhenyuan Bian, Jin Yan, Simeng Wang, Yijie Li, Yi Guo, Bohan Ma, Hao Guo, Zhijie Lei, Chun Yin, Yi Zhou, Min Liu, Kaishan Tao, Peng Hou, Wangxiao He
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Peptides are a rapidly growing class of therapeutics with many advantages over conventional small molecule drugs. Dextrorotary (D)-peptides, with increased enzymatic stability and prolonged plasma half-life in comparison with natural L-peptides, are considered to have great potential as recognition molecules and therapeutic agents. However, the in vivo efficacy of current therapeutic D-peptides is hindered by their inefficient cellular uptake in diseased tissues. Methods: To overcome physiological and cellular barriers to D-peptides, we designed a gold-based ultra-small nanocarrier coupled with polylysine (PLL) and a receptor-targeted peptide to deliver therapeutic D-peptides. Using a D-peptide p53 activator (DPA) as a proof of concept, we synthesized, functionalized and characterized gold- and DPA-based nanoparticles termed AuNP-DPA. Results: AuNP-DPA were effectively enriched in tumor sites and subsequently internalized by cancer cells, thereby suppressing tumor growth via reactivating p53 signaling. More importantly, through a series of in vivo experiments, AuNP-DPA showed excellent biosafety without the common side effects that hinder p53 therapies in clinic trials. Conclusion: The present study not only sheds light on the development of AuNP-DPA as a novel class of antitumor agents for drugging the p53 pathway in vivo, but also supplies a new strategy to use D-peptides as intracellular PPI inhibitors for cancer-targeted therapy.
Maintenance Therapy with the Oral Proteasome Inhibitor (PI) Ixazomib Significantly Prolongs Progression-Free Survival (PFS) Following Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (NDMM): Phase 3 Tourmaline-MM3 Trial
Authors: Meletios A Dimopoulos, Francesca Gay, Fredrik H. Schjesvold, Meral Beksac, Roman Hajek, Katja Weisel, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Vladimir Maisnar, Philippe Moreau, Chang-Ki Min, Agnieszka Pluta, Wee Joo Chng, Martin Kaiser, Sonja Zweegman, Maria-Victoria Mateos, Andrew Spencer, Shinsuke Iida, Gareth Morgan, Zhaoyang Teng, Kaveri Suryanarayan, Tomas Skacel, Ajeeta B Dash, Richard Labotka, S. Vincent Rajkumar
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 12080: 9-1-1 Caller Descriptions of Gasping During Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Christian Dameff, Jeffrey Tully, Ryan Anne Murphy, Micah Panczyk, Tyler F Vadeboncoeur, Vijay Kannan, Daniel W Spaite, Bentley J Bobrow
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Abnormal breathing, or “gasping,” frequently occurs during cardiac arrest and has been associated with increased survival. During 9-1-1 calls, early recognition of gasping may allow dispatchers to identify OHCA and to start CPR instructions promptly. Objective: To characterize lay rescuers’ descriptions of abnormal breathing during OHCA. Methods: 9-1-1 audio recordings of 4,279 confirmed OHCAs (10/10-7/14) in Arizona were reviewed by program personnel. Terms used by lay rescuers to describe victims’ breathing were recorded in a structured database. Results: Abnormal breathing (as opposed to “not breathing”) was described in 542/4279 (13%) calls. There were 623 verbal descriptions. A total of 50 different terms were used. However, the top 8 accounted for 83% and the remaining 42 descriptions (“Other”) comprised only 17% of all terms used. “Gasping” was the most commonly used term (30%; 187/623), followed by “snoring” (15%; 95/623; Figure). Conclusion: Lay rescuers used a wide variety of terms to describe abnormal breathing in documented OHCA. However, 8 terms accounted for 83% of descriptions. Familiarizing 9-1-1 telecommunicators with the most commonly used terms may improve the accuracy of recognition and hasten the identification of OHCA.
The Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring With Remote Monitoring Improves Psychosocial Measures in Parents of Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Authors: Marie-Anne Burckhardt, Alison Roberts, Grant J. Smith, Mary B. Abraham, Elizabeth A. Davis, Timothy W. Jones
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

This study aimed to explore the effect of continuous glucose monitors with remote monitoring on psychosocial outcomes in parents of children with type 1 diabetes.Children with type 1 diabetes, aged 2-12 years, along with their parents, were studied in a randomized crossover study. They participated in two 3-month periods using conventional blood glucose monitoring (control) or the Dexcom G5 Mobile continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system with remote monitoring (intervention). The primary outcome was parental fear of hypoglycemia score assessed by the Hypoglycemia Fear Survey.Parental Hypoglycemia Fear Survey scores were lower while the child was using CGM with remote monitoring (P < 0.001). Furthermore, parental health-related quality of life and family functioning, stress, anxiety, and sleep measures also improved significantly after intervention.CGM with remote monitoring was found to improve multiple measures of quality of life, reduce family stress, and improve parental sleep.
Phase 1 Results from a Phase 1/2 Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability and Recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D) of Brentuximab Vedotin Plus Doxorubicin, Vinblastine and Dacarbazine (A+AVD) in Pediatric Patients (Pts) with Advanced Stage Newly Diagnosed Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL)
Authors: Anna Franklin, Marco Zecca, Franca Fagioli, Flavio Augusto Luisi, Gregory Song, Ajit Suri, E. Jane Leonard, Franco Locatelli
Journal: Blood (2018)
Update on prevalence and mechanisms of resistance to linezolid, tigecycline and daptomycin in enterococci in Europe: Towards a common nomenclature
Authors: Jennifer K. Bender, Vincent Cattoir, Kristin Hegstad, Ewa Sadowy, Teresa M. Coque, Henrik Westh, Anette M. Hammerum, Kirsten Schaffer, Karen Burns, Stephen Murchan, Carla Novais, Ana R. Freitas, Luísa Peixe, Maria Del Grosso, Annalisa Pantosti, Guido Werner
Journal: Drug Resistance Updates (2018)

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are important nosocomial pathogens. Invasive VRE infections are difficult to treat since common therapeutic options including ampicillin and glycopeptides often fail. In vitro, most VRE remain susceptible to last-resort antibiotics such as linezolid, tigecycline and daptomycin. However, neither tigecycline nor linezolid act in a bactericidal manner, and daptomycin has proven activity only at high dosages licensed for treating enterococcal endocarditis. Despite these pharmacological and therapeutic limitations, reports on resistance to these last-resort drugs in VRE, and enterococci in general, have increased in recent years. In this review, we briefly recapitulate the current knowledge on the mode of action as well as the known and novel mechanisms of resistance and describe surveillance data on resistance to linezolid, tigecycline and daptomycin in enterococci. In addition, we also suggest a common nomenclature for designating enterococci and VRE with resistances to these important last-resort antibiotics.
Abstract 14470: A Comparison Between Patent Ductus Arteriosus Stent and Modified Blalock-Taussig Shunt as Palliation for Infants With Ductal-dependent Pulmonary Blood Flow: Insights From a Multi-center Collaborative
Authors: Andrew C Glatz, Christopher J Petit, Bryan H Goldstein, Michael S Kelleman, Courtney E McCracken, Alicia McDonnell, Christopher Mascio, Subi Shashidharan, R. Allen Ligon, Jingning Ao, Wendy Whiteside, W. Jack Wellen, Christina M Metcalf, Varun Aggarwal, Hitesh Agrawal, Jeffrey S Heinle, Athar M Qureshi
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Infants with ductal dependent pulmonary blood flow (PBF) may undergo palliation with either ductus arteriosus stent (DAS) or Blalock-Taussig shunt (BTS). A balanced comparison of thes...
A disease mutation reveals a role for NaV1.9 in acute itch
Authors: Juan Salvatierra, Marcelo Diaz-Bustamante, James Meixiong, Elaine Tierney, Xinzhong Dong, Frank Bosmans
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

Itch (pruritis) and pain represent two distinct sensory modalities; yet both have evolved to alert us to potentially harmful external stimuli. Compared with pain, our understanding of itch is still nascent. Here, we report a new clinical case of debilitating itch and altered pain perception resulting from the heterozygous de novo p.L811P gain-of-function mutation in NaV1.9, a voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channel subtype that relays sensory information from the periphery to the spine. To investigate the role of NaV1.9 in itch, we developed a mouse line in which the channel is N-terminally tagged with a fluorescent protein, thereby enabling the reliable identification and biophysical characterization of NaV1.9-expressing neurons. We also assessed NaV1.9 involvement in itch by using a newly created NaV1.9-/- and NaV1.9L799P/WT mouse model. We found that NaV1.9 is expressed in a subset of nonmyelinated, nonpeptidergic small-diameter dorsal root ganglia (DRGs). In WT DRGs, but not those of NaV1.9-/- mice, pruritogens altered action potential parameters and NaV channel gating properties. Additionally, NaV1.9-/- mice exhibited a strong reduction in acute scratching behavior in response to pruritogens, whereas NaV1.9L799P/WT mice displayed increased spontaneous scratching. Altogether, our data suggest an important contribution of NaV1.9 to itch signaling.