tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Program Implementation in 2 Surgical Populations in an Integrated Health Care Delivery System
Authors: Vincent X. Liu, Efren Rosas, Judith Hwang, Eric Cain, Anne Foss-Durant, Molly Clopp, Mengfei Huang, Derrick C Lee, Alex Mustille, Patricia Kipnis, Stephen Parodi
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

Novel approaches to perioperative surgical care focus on optimizing nutrition, mobility, and pain management to minimize adverse events after surgical procedures.To evaluate the outcomes of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program among 2 target populations: patients undergoing elective colorectal resection and patients undergoing emergency hip fracture repair.A pre-post difference-in-differences study before and after ERAS implementation in the target populations compared with contemporaneous surgical comparator groups (patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery and emergency orthopedic surgery). Implementation began in February and March 2014 and concluded by the end of 2014 at 20 medical centers within the Kaiser Permanente Northern California integrated health care delivery system.A multifaceted ERAS program designed with a particular focus on perioperative pain management, mobility, nutrition, and patient engagement.The primary outcome was hospital length of stay. Secondary outcomes included hospital mortality, home discharge, 30-day readmission rates, and complication rates.The study included a total of 3768 patients undergoing elective colorectal resection (mean [SD] age, 62.7 [14.1] years; 1812 [48.1%] male) and 5002 patients undergoing emergency hip fracture repair (mean [SD] age, 79.5 [11.8] years; 1586 [31.7%] male). Comparator surgical patients included 5556 patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery and 1523 patients undergoing emergency orthopedic surgery. Most process metrics had significantly greater changes in the ERAS target populations after implementation compared with comparator surgical populations, including those for ambulation, nutrition, and opioid use. Hospital length of stay and postoperative complication rates were also significantly lower among ERAS target populations after implementation. The rate ratios for postoperative complications were 0.68 (95% CI, 0.46-0.99; P = .04) for patients undergoing colorectal resection and 0.67 (95% CI, 0.45-0.99, P = .05) for patients with hip fracture. Among patients undergoing colorectal resection, ERAS implementation was associated with decreased rates of hospital mortality (0.17; 95% CI, 0.03-0.86; P = .03), whereas among patients with hip fracture, implementation was associated with increased rates of home discharge (1.24; 95% CI, 1.06-1.44; P = .007).Multicenter implementation of an ERAS program among patients undergoing elective colorectal resection and patients undergoing emergency hip fracture repair successfully altered processes of care and was associated with significant absolute and relative decreases in hospital length of stay and postoperative complication rates. Rapid, large-scale implementation of a multidisciplinary ERAS program is feasible and effective in improving surgical outcomes.
Clinical Outcomes with Ruxolitinib (RUX) in Patients with Myelofibrosis (MF) Stratified By Transfusion Status: A Pooled Analysis of the COMFORT-I and -II Trials
Authors: Vikas Gupta, Srdan Verstovsek, Ronald Paquette, Jason R. Gotlib, Alessandro M. Vannucchi, Jean-Jacques Kiladjian, Francisco Cervantes, William Sun, Jessy Gao, Peter Langmuir, Prashanth Gopalakrishna, Claire N. Harrison
Journal: Blood (2016)
DAA-based regimens in HBsAg/anti-HCV positive patients: the need to control HBV replication to avoid HBV reactivation
Authors: N. Coppola, M. Stanzione, V. Messina, G. D’Adamo, V. Sangiovanni, L. Fontanella, S. De Pascalis, G. Stornaiuolo, M. Macera, G. Piai, G. Gaeta, I. Gentile
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)
The long-term impact of sustained virologic response (SVR) on patient-reported outcomes (PROS) in cirrhotics with Hepatitis C (HCV) infection
Authors: Z.M. Younossi, M. Stepanova, A.J. Muir, M. Buti, K. Rajender Reddy, S. Flamm, I. Younossi, S. Hunt
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)
Incomplete biochemical response increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with suppressed chronic hepatitis B
Authors: H. Cho, Y.Y. Cho, J.-H. Lee, Y. Chang, J.Y. Nam, S.H. Kang, E.J. Cho, S.J. Yu, Y.J. Kim, J.-H. Yoon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)
Metformin, Lifestyle Intervention, and Cognition in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study
Authors: José A. Luchsinger, Yong Ma, Costas A. Christophi, Hermes Florez, Sherita H. Golden, Helen Hazuda, Jill Crandall, Elizabeth Venditti, Karol Watson, Susan Jeffries, Jennifer J. Manly, F. Xavier Pi-Sunyer
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

OBJECTIVE We examined the association of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) intervention arms (lifestyle intervention, metformin, and placebo) with cognition in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS). We also examined metformin use, incident type 2 diabetes, and glycemia as exposures. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The DPP lasted 2.8 years, followed by a 13-month bridge to DPPOS. Cognition was assessed in DPPOS years 8 and 10 (12 and 14 years after randomization) with the Spanish English Verbal Learning Test (SEVLT), letter fluency and animal fluency tests, Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and a composite cognitive score. RESULTS A total of 2,280 participants (749 lifestyle, 776 metformin, and 755 placebo) aged 63.1 ± 10.7 years underwent cognitive assessments; 67.7% women, 54.6% non-Hispanic white, 20.7% non-Hispanic black, 14.6% Hispanic, 5.5% American Indian, and 4.6% Asian; 26.6% were homozygous or heterozygous for APOE-ε4. At the time of cognitive assessment, type 2 diabetes was higher in the placebo group (57.9%; P &amp;lt; 0.001) compared with lifestyle (47.0%) and metformin (50.4%). Metformin exposure was higher in the metformin group (8.72 years; P &amp;lt; 0.001) compared with placebo (1.43 years) and lifestyle (0.96 years). There were no differences in cognition across intervention arms. Type 2 diabetes was not related to cognition, but higher glycated hemoglobin at year 8 was related to worse cognition after confounder adjustment. Cumulative metformin exposure was not related to cognition. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to intensive lifestyle intervention or metformin was not related to cognition among DPPOS participants. Higher glycemia was related to worse cognitive performance. Metformin seemed cognitively safe among DPPOS participants.
Myeloma Minimal Residual Disease and Surrogacy
Authors: Richard F. Little, Lisa M. McShane, Boris Freidlin
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Hepatic steatosis via controlled attenuation parameter measurements and diabetes contribute to persistent liver fibrosis in the era of long-term nucleoside analogue therapy for chronic hepatitis B
Authors: W.-K. Seto, R. Hui, L.L.Y. Mak, K.S.H. Liu, K.-S. Cheung, J. Fung, D.K.-H. Wong, C.-L. Lai, M.-F. Yuen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)
Abstract 008: Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prevented Cardiac Arrhythmias Of Infarcted Heart Via Regulating Calcineurin And Potassium Channels Expression
Authors: Benzhi Cai, Nan Chen, Gang Wang, Yanju Liu, Xingda Li, Fan Yang, Yanjie Lu
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) emerge as a new promising approach for treating heart diseases. However, the effects of BMSCs-based therapy on cardiac electrophysiological remodeling following myocardial infarction were largely unclear. This study was aimed to investigate whether BMSCs transplantation prevented cardiac arrhythmias in post-infarcted hearts. Myocardial infarction was established in male SD rats, and BMSCs were then intramyocardially transplanted into the infarcted hearts after 3 days. Cardiac electrophysiological remodeling in the border zone was evaluated by western blotting and whole-cell path clamp technique after 2 weeks. We found that BMSCs transplantation significantly ameliorated the increased heart weight index, the impaired left ventricular functions, and the enhanced cardiac fibrosis in infarcted hearts. The survival ratio of infarcted rats was also improved after BMSCs transplantation. Importantly, electrical stimulation-induced arrhythmias were seldom observed in BMSCs-transplanted infarcted rats compared with rats without BMSCs treatment. Furthermore, BMSCs transplantation effectively inhibited the prolongation of action potential duration and the reduction of transient and sustained outward potassium currents in ventricular myocytes from post-infarcted rats. Consistently, BMSCs-transplanted infarcted hearts exhibited the more expression of K V 4.2, K V 4.3, K V 1.5 and K V 2.1 proteins than infarcted hearts. Moreover, intracellular free calcium level, calcineurin and nuclear NFATc3 protein expression was shown activated in infarcted hearts, which was inhibited after BMSCs transplantation. Collectively, BMSCs transplantation prevented ventricular arrhythmias by reversing the reduction of cardiac potassium channels in post-infarcted heats, which involves attenuated intracellular calcium overload and calcineurin/NFATc3 signal pathway.
Incidence of non-pulmonary cancer and lung cancer by amount of emphysema and airway wall thickness: a community-based cohort
Authors: Ane Aamli Gagnat, Miriam Gjerdevik, Frode Gallefoss, Harvey O. Coxson, Amund Gulsvik, Per Bakke
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

There is limited knowledge about the prognostic value of quantitative computed tomography (CT) measures of emphysema and airway wall thickness in cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate if using CT to quantitatively assess the amount of emphysema and airway wall thickness independently predicts the subsequent incidence of non-pulmonary cancer and lung cancer. In the GenKOLS study of 2003–2005, 947 ever-smokers performed spirometry and underwent CT examination. The main predictors were the amount of emphysema measured by the percentage of low attenuation areas (%LAA) on CT and standardised measures of airway wall thickness (AWT-PI10). Cancer data from 2003–2013 were obtained from the Norwegian Cancer Register. The hazard ratio associated with emphysema and airway wall thickness was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression for cancer diagnoses. During 10 years of follow-up, non-pulmonary cancer was diagnosed in 11% of the subjects with LAA &lt;3%, in 19% of subjects with LAA 3–10%, and in 17% of subjects with LAA ≥10%. Corresponding numbers for lung cancer were 2%, 3% and 11%, respectively. After adjustment, the baseline amount of emphysema remained a significant predictor of the incidence of non-pulmonary cancer and lung cancer. Airway wall thickness did not predict cancer independently. This study offers a strong argument that emphysema is an independent risk factor for both non-pulmonary cancer and lung cancer.
Abstract IA07: Addiction of prostate cancer to androgen receptor
Authors: Yan Dong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Recurrence with lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer after endocrine therapy remains the major challenge in treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Significant advances in our understanding of continued androgen receptor signaling in castration-resistant prostate cancer have led to the development and FDA approval of two next-generation endocrine therapy drugs, the androgen biosynthesis inhibitor abiraterone and the potent androgen receptor antagonist enzalutamide. These drugs heralded a new era of prostate cancer therapy. However, some patients present with therapy-resistant disease, and most initial responders develop acquired resistance within months of therapy initiation. Recent studies indicate that these resistant tumors commonly remain androgen receptor driven. This presentation will describe how the androgen receptor signal pathway evades endocrine therapies and how our understanding of endocrine treatment resistance is providing insights into novel therapeutic strategies for improving outcome from this disease. Citation Format: Yan Dong. Addiction of prostate cancer to androgen receptor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Targeting the Vulnerabilities of Cancer; May 16-19, 2016; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2017;23(1_Suppl):Abstract nr IA07.
Prevalence and prognostic significance of FGF receptor 2 (<i>FGFR2</i>) gene amplification in Caucasian and Korean gastric cancer cohorts.
Authors: Elaine Kilgour, Xinying Su, Ping Zhan, Paul Gavine, Shethah Morgan, Chris Womack, Eun-Jung Jung, Yung-Jue Bang, Seock-Ah Im, Woo Ho Kim, Heike Grabsch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

4124 Background: Gastric adenocarcinoma is the 4 th most common cancer, and many patients present with metastatic or recurrent disease. The prognosis for these patients is poor, with median survival times of 11–12 months. Hence there is a need for identification of potential new drug targets. We have determined the prevalence of FGFR2 gene amplification (FGFR2amp) and its relationship to clinicopathological parameters and survival in Caucasian (n=408) and Korean (n=356) gastric cancers (GC) and determined the overlap with HER2 or cMET gene amplification. Methods: FGFR2, HER2 and cMET gene amplification was assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridisation in GC tissue microarrays from Caucasian and Korean surgically resected gastric carcinomas. Gene amplification was defined as a gene/centromeric probe ratio of ≥2.0 after measuring at least 50 tumour cells. Results: 7% (30/408) of Caucasian and 4% (15/356) of Korean GC showed FGFR2amp, and the incidence was not significantly different between these cohorts (p=0.092). FGFR2amp was significantly associated with lymph node status in both cohorts (p&lt;0.0007, multivariate analysis), and in the Korean cohort with diffuse-type histology, but not with depth of tumour invasion, age or gender. Patients with FGFR2amp showed significantly shorter overall survival in both the Caucasian (HR 2.37, 95% CI 1.6–3.5; p=0.0001) and Korean (HR 2.33, 95% CI 1.28–4.25; p=0.0129) cohorts, by multivariate analysis. There was no overlap between FGFR2amp and HER2 or cMET amplification in the Korean cohort, but two of twenty-six FGFR2amp Caucasian gastric tumours also showed HER2 amplification. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate FGFR2amp, at a prevalence of 4% and 7%, in two large GC cohorts of Asian and Caucasian origin and that FGFR2amp is prognostic and significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, FGFR2amp is generally mutually exclusive with HER2 and cMET amplifications. Based on these observations, FGFR2 inhibitors warrant further investigation in the treatment of FGFR2 amplified GCs.
Characterisation of cell-type-specific responses in the liver towards IL-1β by a mathematical model for the p38MAPK/MK2 pathway
Authors: A. Kulawik, R. Engesser, C. Ehlting, A. Raue, U. Albrecht, S. Wolf, M. Gaestel, U. Klingmüller, D. Häussinger, J. Timmer, J.G. Bode
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)
BAP1 mutations in high-grade meningioma: implications for patient care
Authors: Ganesh M Shankar, Sandro Santagata
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

We have recently shown that the breast cancer (BRCA)1-associated protein-1 tumor suppressor gene (BAP1) is inactivated in a subset of clinically aggressive meningiomas that display rhabdoid histomorphology. Immunohistochemistry for BAP1 protein provides a rapid and inexpensive method for screening suspected cases. Notably, some patients with BAP1-mutant meningiomas have germline BAP1 mutations and BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome (TPDS). It appears that nearly all patients with germline BAP1 mutations develop malignancies by age 55, most frequently uveal melanoma, cutaneous melanoma, pleural or peritoneal malignant mesothelioma, or renal cell carcinoma, although other cancers have also been associated with BAP1 TPDS. Therefore, when confronted with a patient with a potentially high-grade rhabdoid meningioma, it is important that neuropathologists assess the BAP1 status of the tumor and that the patient's family history of cancer is carefully ascertained. In the appropriate clinical setting, genetic counseling and germline BAP1 DNA sequencing should be performed. A cancer surveillance program for individuals who carry germline BAP1 mutations may help identify tumors such as uveal melanoma, cutaneous melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma at early and treatable stages. Because BAP1-mutant meningiomas are rare tumors, multi-institutional efforts will be needed to evaluate therapeutic strategies and to further define the clinicopathologic features of these tumors.
Recurrence of primary sclerosing cholangitis after liver transplantation in children: data from the Pediatric PSC Consortium
Authors: F. Bazerbachi, K.N. Furuya, R. Abdou, K. Alqoaer, M. Amin, A. Amir, M. Auth, A. Broderick, A. Chan, J. Cotter, S. Doan, W. El-Matary, M. El-Youssef, F. Ferrari, M. Gottrand, F. Gottrand, N. Gupta, M. Homan, M.K. Jensen, B.M. Kamath, K.M. Kim, K.-L. Kolho, A. Konidari, B. Koot, R. Iorio, O. Ledder, C. Mack, M. Martinez, T. Miloh, P. Mohan, N. O’Cathain, A. Papadopoulou, A. Ricciuto, P. Sathya, E. Shteyer, A. Tanaka, R. Varier, P.L. Valentino, V. Venkat, B. Vitola, M. Vos, S. Vratislav, M. Woynarowski, J. Yap, M.R. Deneau
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)
Previous and resolved hepatitis B virus infection is not a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis C virus or alcohol
Authors: M.A. de Jorge, M.L. González-Diéguez, C. Alvarez-Navascues, A. Castaño, M. Varela, V. Cadahia, C. Rodríguez-Escaja, E. Rubio, M. Rodriguez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)
Soluble CD147 has an altered expression profile with liver disease progression and in different ethnicities
Authors: A. Lee, A. Rode, A. Nicoll, A. Zekry, L. Lim, S. Lim, P. Angus, I. Kronborg, N. Arachchi, G. McCaughan, S. McLennan, N. Shackel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)
Minimal residual disease eradication with epigenetic therapy in core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Brittany Knick Ragon, Naval Daver, Guillermo Garcia‐Manero, Farhad Ravandi, Jorge Cortes, Tapan Kadia, Betul Oran, Maro Ohanian, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Naveen Pemmaraju, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Gautam Borthakur
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2017)

Recurrent translocations, t(8;21) or inv(16), in core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML) are amenable to monitoring for minimal residual disease (MRD) with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR). Despite a favorable prognosis, disease relapse remains the single cause of treatment failure in CBF-AML. Fusion products of these translocations recruit epigenetic silencing complexes resulting in hematopoietic maturation arrest. We hypothesized that maintenance therapy with hypomethylating agents (HMA), including decitabine (DAC) and azacitidine (AZA) after induction/consolidation, can be used for MRD elimination to ultimately prolong relapse free survival. Real-time quantitative (RTPCR) trends were reviewed in 23 patients (median age 53 years) with CBF-AML that received HMA therapy following induction/consolidation with fludarabine, cytarabine, and G-CSF (FLAG) with low dose gemtuzumab or idarubicin (NCT00801489). Of the 23 patients evaluated, 17 had a detectable RTPCR at HMA initiation. Five patients had progressive disease and a notable increase in RTPCR values over 1-2 cycles of HMA therapy. Twelve patients did not fail HMA and had a median RTPCR at HMA initiation of 0.06 (range, 0.01-0.91). Unlike the HMA failure subset, 11 of these patients had a reduction in RTPCR after the first or second cycle of HMA. Our data suggests that CBF-AML patients with low levels of RTPCR (between 0.01 and 0.05) at the conclusion of induction/consolidation chemotherapy benefit most from maintenance HMA, particularly those that have a reduction in the RTPCR within the first two cycles of HMA therapy.
Antitumor activity of a new cholesterol derivative (24-ethyl-cholestane- 3β, 5α,6α-triol) in solid tumors
Authors: N. Habib, H. Daaboul, G. Hajj, A. Jabbour, N. Kassem
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e13541 Oxysterols are oxygenated derivatives of cholesterol. They have nuclear receptors and have been shown to pass cell membranes and the blood-brain barrier at a faster rate than cholesterol itself. In addition, oxysterols have been ascribed a number of important roles in connection with cholesterol turnover, atherosclerosis, apoptosis, and necrosis. Oxysterols have been shown to have antitumor effects on experimental models. These compounds however may be toxic and to our knowledge, although some derivatives have been tested in animals, none have reached the clinical level. 24-ethyl-cholestane- 3β,5α,6α-triol is a new oxysterol developed in our lab. An oral form of this compound has been tested in mice and rats and has shown neither acute nor chronic toxicity. It has also been tested on animal tumor models and on human cancer xenografts. The results of these tests were very promising showing an anti-tumor activity on a panel of tumor cell lines. Our experiments on humans have shown no toxicity for this drug. Many patients with a variety of solid tumors all of whom have received many lines of chemotherapy and considered refractory to any conventional therapy have received this new drug. We observed in most of these patients a rapid and dramatic improvement in their quality of life and a fast pain control. Some patients could stop taking high doses of opioids within 1 or 2 days. A high rate of clinical benefit has also been observed in a variety of solid tumors including lung, breast, pancreatic, ovarian and uterine cancers, associated in some cases with a sharp decrease in tumor markers. Some patients with brain tumors (glioblastomas) have also responded to this therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The basics of epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Authors: Raghu Kalluri, Robert A. Weinberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

In the section titled "Type 3 EMT: EMT associated with cancer progression and metastasis," the phenotype of the cells purified from normal and malignant breast cancer tissue was given incorrectly.The correct sentence appears below.Interestingly, CD44 hi CD24 lo cells purified from normal and malignant breast cancer tissue exhibit features of an EMT, and human cancer cells induced to undergo EMT exhibit stem cell-like properties and increased metastatic potential (84).The authors regret the error.