tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bullous Pemphigoid and Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors: A Disproportionality Analysis Based on the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database
Authors: Masanori Arai, Jun Shirakawa, Hiromi Konishi, Naoko Sagawa, Yasuo Terauchi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a rare autoimmune blistering skin disease. Although previous case reports and two disproportionality analyses of European populations have suggested associations between dipeptideyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor use and BP (1–3), the involvement of race, antidiabetes drugs, sex, age, and other risk factors in BP induced by DPP-4 inhibitors has not yet been evaluated. We conducted disproportionality analysis using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database, which contains all pharmacovigilance data that have been spontaneously reported to the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) since April 2004.

As of June 2017, the database contained 454,027 reports of adverse drug reactions. For this study, data were downloaded from the PMDA website (http://www.pmda.go.jp). Potential signals of DPP-4 inhibitors or other drugs with BP were assessed with categories using the reporting odds ratio (ROR), which is an established parameter in pharmacovigilance research. An ROR was calculated using a two-by-two contingency table (4). We examined DPP-4 inhibitors (alogliptin, anagliptin, linagliptin, omarigliptin, saxagliptin, sitagliptin, trelagliptin, teneligliptin, and vildagliptin), other antihyperglycemia drug classes (sulfonylureas, biguanides, α-glucosidase inhibitors [α-GIs], glinides, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists [GLP-1 RAs], sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors [SGLT2is], thiazolidines, and any kind of insulins), other drugs that are reported as causal reagents for …
Do the associations of sedentary behaviour with cardiovascular disease mortality and cancer mortality differ by physical activity level? A systematic review and harmonised meta-analysis of data from 850 060 participants
Authors: Ulf Ekelund, Wendy J Brown, Jostein Steene-Johannessen, Morten Wang Fagerland, Neville Owen, Kenneth E Powell, Adrian E Bauman, I-Min Lee
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

Objective To examine whether the associations between sedentary behaviours (ie, daily sitting/TV-viewing time) and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer differ by different levels of physical activity (PA). Design Harmonised meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Data on exposure variables were harmonised according to a predefined protocol and categorised into four groups for sedentary behaviours and into quartiles of PA (MET-hour/week). Data sources PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science, Sport Discus and Scopus. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Individual level data on both sedentary behaviours and PA and reported effect estimates for CVD or cancer mortality. Results Nine studies (n=850 060; deaths=25 730) and eight studies (n=777 696; deaths=30 851) provided data on sitting time and CVD and cancer mortality, respectively. Five studies had data on TV-viewing time and CVD (n=458 127; deaths=13 230) and cancer (n=458 091; deaths=16 430) mortality. A dose–response association between sitting time (9%–32% higher risk; p for trend &lt;0.001) and TV time (3%–59% higher risk; p for trend &lt;0.001) with CVD mortality was observed in the ‘inactive’, lowest quartile of PA. Associations were less consistent in the second and third quartiles of PA, and there was no increased risk for CVD mortality with increasing sedentary behaviours in the most active quartile. Associations between sedentary behaviours and cancer mortality were generally weaker; 6%–21% higher risk with longer sitting time observed only in the lowest quartile of PA. Conclusion PA modifies the associations between sedentary behaviours and CVD and cancer mortality. These findings emphasise the importance of higher volumes of moderate and vigorous activity to reduce, or even eliminate these risks, especially for those who sit a lot in their daily lives.
Abstract 16651: Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in a Frequency-Dependent Manner in Atrial Myocytes - Implications for the Emergence of Pulmonary Vein Drivers and the Perpetuation of Atrial Fibrillation Substrate
Authors: Aaron Kunamalla, Chloe Monnier, Gary Aistrup, Shin Yoo, Jason Ng, David Gordon, Suzanne Browne, Brandon Smeltzer, Kathrin Banach, Andrew J Wasserstrom, Bradley P Knight, Rod S Passman, Jeffrey J Goldberger, Rishi Arora
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: The precise mechanisms underlying the genesis of AF are not well known. Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to contribute to AF substrate and since rapidly firing ectopic fo...
ENDOSCOPIC MANAGEMENT OF POST-SURGICAL BILIARY LEAKS: OUR EXPERIENCE
Authors: J Gotor Delso, S Frago Larramona, P García Cámara, P Sanz Segura, R Uribarrena Amezaga, E Sierra Moros, J Val Perez, MT Soria San Teodoro
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Biliary leaks (BL) are a relatively common complication after hepatobiliary surgery, whose incidence varies within different patient series, from 0.1 and 3% for cholecystectomy, and up to 15% for hepatectomy. Most of the cases can be solved with twith endoscopic management replacing the need of surgery.
Abstract 18760: Homeostatic Intracellular Repair Response (HIR2) is Affected by Glycemic Control in Diabetics Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Authors: David Sengstock, Salik Jahania, Allen Andres, Bruce R Ito, Roberta A Gottlieb, Robert M Mentzer
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: We previously reported that HIR2 is activated in the human heart during cardiac surgery. The mechanism underlying HIR2 is adaptive autophagy, a beneficial stress response to ischemia, h...
Measuring Trends in Infant Mortality Due to Unintentional Suffocation—Reply
Authors: Yuyan Gao, David C. Schwebel, Guoqing Hu
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
DIEULAFOY'S LESION: CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF AN UNCOMMON CAUSE OF GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE
Authors: D João Matias, L Monteserin Ron, L Vaquero Ayala, N Fernández Fernández, S Vivas Alegre, L Rodríguez Martín, F Jorquera Plaza
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

To analyse the characteristics, risk factors, treatment and evolution associated to Dieulafoy's lesion.
De Novo Mutation in Genes Regulating Neural Stem Cell Fate in Human Congenital Hydrocephalus
Authors: Charuta Gavankar Furey, Jungmin Choi, Sheng Chih Jin, Xue Zeng, Andrew T. Timberlake, Carol Nelson-Williams, M. Shahid Mansuri, Qiongshi Lu, Daniel Duran, Shreyas Panchagnula, August Allocco, Jason K. Karimy, Arjun Khanna, Jonathan R. Gaillard, Tyrone DeSpenza, Prince Antwi, Erin Loring, William E. Butler, Edward R. Smith, Benjamin C. Warf, Jennifer M. Strahle, David D. Limbrick, Phillip B. Storm, Gregory Heuer, Eric M. Jackson, Bermans J. Iskandar, James M. Johnston, Irina Tikhonova, Christopher Castaldi, Francesc López-Giráldez, Robert D. Bjornson, James R. Knight, Kaya Bilguvar, Shrikant Mane, Seth L. Alper, Shozeb Haider, Bulent Guclu, Yasar Bayri, Yener Sahin, Michael L.J. Apuzzo, Charles C. Duncan, Michael L. DiLuna, Murat Günel, Richard P. Lifton, Kristopher T. Kahle
Journal: Neuron (2018)
Low-Concentration Atropine for Myopia Progression (LAMP) Study
Authors: Jason C. Yam, Yuning Jiang, Shu Min Tang, Antony K.P. Law, Joyce J. Chan, Emily Wong, Simon T. Ko, Alvin L. Young, Clement C. Tham, Li Jia Chen, Chi Pui Pang
Journal: Ophthalmology (2018)
Reduced cognitive function during a heat wave among residents of non-air-conditioned buildings: An observational study of young adults in the summer of 2016
Authors: Jose Guillermo Cedeño Laurent, Augusta Williams, Youssef Oulhote, Antonella Zanobetti, Joseph G. Allen, John D. Spengler
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2018)

Background In many regions globally, buildings designed for harnessing heat during the cold exacerbate thermal exposures during heat waves (HWs) by maintaining elevated indoor temperatures even when high ambient temperatures have subdued. While previous experimental studies have documented the effects of ambient temperatures on cognitive function, few have observed HW effects on indoor temperatures following subjects' habitual conditions. The objective was to evaluate the differential impact of having air conditioning (AC) on cognitive function during a HW among residents of AC and non-AC buildings using a prospective observational cohort study. Methods We followed 44 students (mean age = 20.2 years; SD = 1.8 years) from a university in the Greater Boston area, Massachusetts in the United States living in AC (n = 24) and non-AC (n = 20) buildings before, during, and after a HW. Two cognition tests were self-administered daily for a period of 12 days (July 9–July 20, 2016), the Stroop color-word test (STROOP) to assess selective attention/processing speed and a 2-digit, visual addition/subtraction test (ADD) to evaluate cognitive speed and working memory. The effect of the HW on cognitive function was evaluated using difference-in-differences (DiD) modelling. Findings Mean indoor temperatures in the non-AC group (mean = 26.3°C; SD = 2.5°C; range = 19.6–30.4°C) were significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in the AC group (mean = 21.4°C; SD = 1.9°C; range = 17.5–25.0°C). DiD estimates show an increase in reaction time (STROOP = 13.4%, p < 0001; ADD = 13.3%, p < 0.001) and reduction in throughput (STROOP = −9.9%, p < 0.001; ADD = −6.3%, p = 0.08) during HWs among non-AC residents relative to AC residents at baseline. While ADD showed a linear relationship with indoor temperatures, STROOP was described by a U-shaped curve with linear effects below and above an optimum range (indoor temperature = 22°C–23°C), with an increase in reaction time of 16 ms/°C and 24 ms/°C for STROOP and ADD, respectively. Cognitive tests occurred right after waking, so the study is limited in that it cannot assess whether the observed effects extended during the rest of the day. Although the range of students' ages also represents a limitation of the study, the consistent findings in this young, healthy population might indicate that greater portions of the population are susceptible to the effects of extreme heat. Conclusions Cognitive function deficits resulting from indoor thermal conditions during HWs extend beyond vulnerable populations. Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating sustainable adaptation measures in buildings to preserve educational attainment, economic productivity, and safety in light of a changing climate.
What Happens with the Circuit in Alzheimer's Disease in Mice and Humans?
Authors: Benedikt Zott, Marc Aurel Busche, Reisa A. Sperling, Arthur Konnerth
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2018)

A major mystery of many types of neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), remains the underlying, disease-specific neuronal damage. Because of the strong interconnectivity of neurons in the brain, neuronal dysfunction necessarily disrupts neuronal circuits. In this article, we review evidence for the disruption of large-scale networks from imaging studies of humans and relate it to studies of cellular dysfunction in mouse models of AD. The emerging picture is that some forms of early network dysfunctions can be explained by excessively increased levels of neuronal activity. The notion of such neuronal hyperactivity receives strong support from in vivo and in vitro cellular imaging and electrophysiological recordings in the mouse, which provide mechanistic insights underlying the change in neuronal excitability. Overall, some key aspects of AD-related neuronal dysfunctions in humans and mice are strikingly similar and support the continuation of such a translational strategy.
Abstract 3550: Overexpression Of Mir-21 Delays The Onset Of Cardiac Failure
Authors: Danish Sayed, Minzhen He, Chull Hong, Shweta Rane, Shumin Gao, Maha Abdellatif
Journal: Circulation (2008)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are posttranscriptional regulators that are differentially regulated during cardiac hypertrophy, recapitulating the neonatal pattern. MiRNA-21 is one of the most prominent miRNA identified in cardiac hypertrophy and cancer. During compensatory cardiac hypertrophy it increases up to 8 fold then starts declining with the onset of decompensation. Recently, a unique role of miR-21 has been described in cardiac myocytes where it induces cellular outgrowths in the form of extension that connect adjacent cells via functional gap junctions mediated through downregulation of Sprouty2. Other studies have shown conflicting pro- versus anti-hypertrophic effects of miR-21 in myocytes. To conclusively determine the significance of the upregulation of miR-21 in the heart in vivo, we generated a mouse with a myosin heavy chain-driven miR-21 transgene. Up to 10 months of age the transgenic hearts exhibit normal physical and functional parameters and was negative for hypertrophy markers. This refuted the claim that miR-21 is sufficient for induction of cardiac hypertrophy. To address whether miR-21 was anti-hypertrophic we subjected 12 wk old mice to transverse aortic banding for various time periods. During the early phases the extent of increase in cardiac mass was not significantly different from wild type. But interestingly at the later stages of hypertrophy, while the wild type progressed into contractile dysfunction, the miR-21 transgenic lines had normal ejection fraction and left ventricular end diastolic pressure. This suggested that miR-21 upregulation is not anti-hypertrophic but rather conferred contractile and/or survival advantages to the cardiac myocytes. Consistent with the previously described role of miR-21 and with the remodeling of connexin43 (Cx43) associated with compensatory hypertrophy, the myocytes exhibited frequent lateralization of Cx43 that coincided with lateral connecting extensions between myocytes. This distribution of Cx43 known to be associated with hypertrophy is reversed during failure, which coincides with the return of miR-21 to baseline levels. Thus, we propose that overexpressing miR-21 at that juncture provides a functional advantage to the heart coping with chronic pressure overload.
Abstract 18176: Thirty-day and Long-term Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation From First-in-man to Sapien 3: 13 Years Rouen Experience
Authors: Eric Durand, Fabrice Bauer, Christophe Tron, Bastien Glinel, Pierre-Yves Litzler, Jean-Paul bessou, Alain Cribier, Hélène Eltchaninoff
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Since the first-in-man transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) performed by our group in 2002, the number of procedures has dramatically increased. Currently restricted to inoperable and high-risk patients TAVI is likely to be extended to lower risk patients. However, long-term data regarding valve durability are missing. We aimed to report our experience with long-term follow-up to assess long-term mortality and valve durability. Methods: All consecutive patients presenting with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis treated by TAVI were included prospectively. Clinical and echocardiographic follow-up was performed at 30 days and annually thereafter. Survival curves were constructed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. We also evaluated valve durability and the incidence of infective endocarditis. Results: Between 2002 and 2015, 784 consecutive patients (age: 83.3±9.4 years, logistic EuroSCORE of 19.6±12.1%) underwent TAVI including 634 (80.9%) patients via a femoral approach. A balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valve (THV) was predominantly used (747 Pts; 95.3%): 68 Cribier-Edwards, 114 Sapien, 482 Sapien XT, and 83 Sapien 3 since July 2014. Thirty-day mortality dramatically decreased from 22.1% using the Cribier-Edwards in compassionate patients to 1.3% with the Sapien 3 (p&lt;0.0001). Survival curves in the overall population and according to the type of valve are presented in the Figure. Mean aortic gradient remained unchanged during follow-up up to nine years, and only one patient presented with stenotic degenerated THV Sapien valve successfully treated by a valve-in-valve procedure. Four (0.5%) patients had infective endocarditis. Conclusions: Long-term (up to 9 years) follow-up of our large series of patients treated by TAVI demonstrates no warning signs of valve deterioration suggesting very encouraging valve durability, using predominantly, a balloon expandable prosthesis.
Análisis de las causas de mortalidad precoz en pacientes sometidos a una gastrostomía endoscópica percutánea
Authors: YP García De La Rosa, L De Castro, JA Hermo, A Martínez-Turnes, J Martínez-Cadilla, V Hernández, S Vázquez, N Fernández, A Gómez, I Rodríguez-Prada
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

La gastrostomía endoscópica percutánea (GEP) es una técnica segura que permite la alimentación en pacientes con un sistema gastrointestinal funcional. No obstante se asocia hasta con un 16,7% de complicaciones en general, habiéndose comunicado también altas tasas de mortalidad precoz (10 – 40%), en los 30 primeros días tras este procedimiento.
Abstract 4569: What is the Best Operation for Transposition of the Great Arteries with Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction?: Midterm results
Authors: Sitaram M Emani, Rebecca Beroukhim, David Zurakowski, Frank A Pigula, Pedro J del Nido, Tal Geva, Emile Bacha
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) may be treated with arterial switch operation (ASO) with or without LVOT intervention, aortic translocation, or Rastelli operation. We evaluated mid-term results of repair for TGA/LVOTO at our institution. Patients diagnosed with TGA/LVOTO at Children’s Hospital Boston from 1995 to 2007 who underwent repair were retrospectively reviewed. LVOTO was defined as pulmonary valve (PV) z-score &lt; −2.0 or LVOT gradient &gt; 15 mmHg in the presence of anatomic subvalvar stenosis. Preoperative morphology of the LVOT and PV were recorded. Kaplan-Meier freedom from LVOT reintervention was compared between groups and risk factors were determined by logistic regression. 88 patients with TGA/LVOTO were repaired. Ventricular septal defect was present in 78 (89%). Patients with lower PV z-scores at presentation were more likely to undergo Rastelli or aortic translocation as opposed to ASO ± LVOT intervention. At median follow up of 2.7 years (range 8 mo to 11 yrs), all patients were alive. Patients undergoing Rastelli were more likely to require surgical reintervention for LVOTO compared to the other groups ( P =0.015, log-rank=10.49). Patients undergoing ASO alone had a higher rate of LVOT reintervention than those who had concomitant LVOT intervention ( P =NS). In those undergoing Rastelli, a higher PV z-score was a predictor of LVOT reintervention (odds ratio = 4.0, P =0.012). TGA patients with severe LVOTO who undergo Rastelli repair have a high rate of LVOT reintervention. Higher preoperative PV z-score is a risk factor for reintervention in this group. Patients with mild/moderate LVOTO undergoing ASO alone may have an increased risk of LVOT reintervention.
Abstract 15853: Do Patients With Aortic Stenosis and Low Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Benefit From Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement?
Authors: Israel Barbash, Sa’ar Minha, Marco Magalhaes, Salem Badr, Itsik Ben-Dor, Joshua Loh, Lakshmana Pendyala, Hironori Kitabata, Alfazir Omar, Hideaki Ota, Rebecca Torguson, Petros Okubagzi, Elizabeth Bond, Fang Chen, William Suddath, Kenneth Kent, Lowell Satler, Augusto Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Circulation (2013)

INTRODUCTION:  Advanced left ventricular dysfunction associated with extensive myocardial fibrosis in aortic stenosis (AS) may be irreversible. These patients may not benefit from valve replacement. There are limited data to assess the outcome of patients with AS and low ejection fraction (EF) who undergo transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). This study aimed to assess left ventricular recovery and clinical outcomes of patients with low EF who undergo TAVR.   METHODS:  Clinical data of patients with AS who underwent TAVR during 2007-2012 was retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to left ventricular EF at baseline: Low EF (EF  45%). Two-way ANOVA was used to assess change in EF in both groups.   RESULTS:  369 patients were included. Of them, 271 (73%) had preserved EF and 98 (27%) had low EF. Patient age was similar in both groups: 84±7 years. Patients with low EF were more likely to be male (64% vs. 43%, p    CONCLUSIONS:  TAVR in low EF patients is a viable therapeutic option as the procedural hazards are similar to patients with preserved EF. Furthermore, low EF patients benefit from significant improvement in EF post procedure.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND SAFETY OF COLONOSCOPY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS
Authors: BI Jang, MC Kim, SB Kim, KO Kim, KH Kim, SH Lee, TN Kim, CH Yang
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Current guidelines do not suggest an upper age cutoff for colorectal cacner (CRC) screening with colonoscopy (CFS). The aims of this study were to assess the clinical significance and safety of CFS, and to analyze predictive factor of CRC in elderly patients.
Profilaxis antibiótica en la USE-PAAF de quistes pancreáticos: Resultados preliminares del estudio multicéntrico, aleatorizado y doble ciego
Authors: J Colán Hernández, O Sendino, C Loras, A Pardo, J Gornals, M Concepción, C Sánchez-Montes, X Andújar, A Ginés, C Guarner-Argente
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

La morfología de las lesiones quísticas pancreáticas suele ser insuficiente para discriminar su naturaleza, por lo que la obtención de material quístico mediante USE-PAAF puede mejorar su diagnóstico y manejo. Las guías clínicas recomiendan profilaxis antibiótica para la USE-PAAF. La evidencia sobre riesgo de infección y efectividad de la profilaxis es escasa y de baja calidad. Además, la profilaxis puede conllevar eventos adversos.