tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A role for autoantibodies in atherogenesis
Authors: Rosebella A. Iseme, Mark McEvoy, Brian Kelly, Linda Agnew, Frederick R. Walker, Tonelle Handley, Christopher Oldmeadow, John Attia, Michael Boyle
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2017)

An increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has long been recognized amongst people with autoimmune disease. It has been unclear whether this is due mainly to the ensuing treatment, particularly steroids, or whether some of this risk is due to the autoimmune process itself with subsequent inflammation. Indeed, a large body of evidence supports a role for chronic inflammation in atherogenesis, and autoantibodies have been identified as mediators in this complex inflammatory environment. Our aim is to carry out a systematic review of existing literature in order to formally establish the strength of the association between autoantibodies and atherosclerosis, amongst individuals without clinical autoimmune disease. An electronic search of five databases to June 2016 was performed by two independent reviewers. Inclusion criteria were analytical studies of adults, with at least two studies per autoantibody. Quality analysis was carried out using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Quality Assessment Tool where appropriate. Where possible, studies were pooled using random effects models. Raised levels of anti-cardiolipin (odds ratio [OR] = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.15-1.49) and anti-oxidized low-density lipoprotein Immunoglobulin (Ig) G (OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.11-1.41), unspecified anti-cyclic citrullinated protein (OR = 3.09; 95% CI: 1.49-6.41) and anti-human heat shock protein 60 IgA (OR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.15-2.16) were observed to increase the risk of cardiovascular outcomes. Alternatively, Anti-phosphorylcholine IgM (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.14-1.50) conferred protection against CVD. Our results support an important role for autoantibodies in mediating cardiovascular events, independent of therapeutic treatments. Future research may focus on the presence of autoantibodies as markers of immune dysregulation and CVD risk.
Can we usefully stratify patients according to suicide risk?
Authors: Matthew Michael Large, Christopher James Ryan, Gregory Carter, Nav Kapur
Journal: BMJ (2017)

#### What you need to know

In the UK, one in five adults has considered suicide at some time, and one in 15 has attempted suicide.1 Half of those who attempt suicide seek help afterwards—a quarter from a GP, a quarter from a hospital or specialist medical or psychiatric service.1 Suicidal patients; patients who present to health services with suicidal ideas, self harm, or suicide attempts; and patients who present as significantly distressed or mentally ill can be challenging to manage. Doctors are often advised to use suicide risk assessment to help them decide management plans. A wide variety of risk factors have been implicated in the stratification of potentially suicidal patients.2 This stratification is often expressed in terms of high, medium, or low-risk.34 In practice, doctors commonly give the greatest importance to suicidal ideation.56 In some specialist mental health settings these judgments are aided by local risk assessment forms composed of lists of clinical and demographic factors, while other centres use risk strata derived from validated questionnaires or scales.7 However, there is little consensus over their use and virtually no evidence that any of the …
FOLFOX4/XELOX in stage II–III colon cancer: Efficacy and safety results of the Italian Three Or Six Colon Adjuvant (TOSCA) trial
Authors: R. Labianca, S. Lonardi, G. Rosati, M. Di Bartolomeo, M. Ronzoni, N. Pella, M. Scartozzi, M. Banzi, M.G. Zampino, F. Pasini, P. Marchetti, M. Cantore, A. Zaniboni, L. Rimassa, L. Ciuffreda, S. Barni, V. Zagonel, E. Maiello, E. Rulli, A. Sobrero
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Epidémie d’infections à Escherichia coli O157 producteur de shigatoxines (STEC), Pays-Bas, septembre-octobre 2005
Authors: Y Doorduyn, C M de Jager, W K van der Zwaluw, I H Friesema, A E Heuvelink, E de Boer, W J B Wannet, Y T H P van Duynhoven
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

En septembre 2005, la premiere epidemie d’Escherichia coli O157 producteur de shigatoxines (Stx) (STEC) associee aux aliments a fait l’objet d’une investigation aux Pays-Bas. Un total de 21 cas confirmes microbiologiquement (dont un cas secondaire) et 11 cas probables (deux cas primaires et neuf cas secondaires) ont ete identifies entre le 11 septembre et le 10 octobre 2005. D’apres les enquetes preliminaires, les facteurs de risque possibles etaient la consommation de viande de boeuf crue, (steak tartare, aussi appele « filet americain » aux Pays-Bas), et le contact avec d’autres personnes symptomatiques. L’etude cas-temoin qui a suivi etayait l’hypothese du steak tartare comme source de l’epidemie (odds-ratio apparie (OR) 272, 95% intervalle de confiance (IC) 3-23 211). La consommation de legumes prets a consommer a egalement ete associee a l’infection a STEC O157 (OR apparie 24, 95% IC 1,1–528), mais a ete consideree comme une source moins probable car seuls 40% des cas y avaient ete exposes. Les echantillons de steak tartare preleves aupres d’une chaine de supermarches ou la plupart des patients (67%) ont vraisemblablement achete leur viande, etaient tous negatifs pour STEC O157. Cependant, les echantillons ont ete pris trois jours apres l’apparition des symptomes chez les derniers cas rapportes. La maladie etant survenue chez 88% des cas sur une periode de deux semaines, une contamination ponctuelle de la source peut expliquer ces resultats negatifs. Il a ete conclu que le steak tartare etait la cause la plus probable de cette premiere epidemie a STEC O157 associee aux aliments aux Pays-Bas.
Shared decision-making in ovarian cancer.
Authors: Lari B. Wenzel, Dana B Mukamel, Kathryn Osann, Lisa Sparks, Laura Jean Havrilesky, Alexi A. Wright, Joan L. Walker, Katina Robison, Ronald David Alvarez, Linda Van Le, Mark Tsuneo Wakabayashi, Leslie M. Randall, Aditi Wahi, Susie Hsieh, Joseph Lipscomb, David E. Cohn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

5549 Background: The value of shared decision-making in ovarian cancer is relatively unexplored. The goal of this study was to test a new decision aid, Patient Centered Outcome Aid (PCOA), that facilitates shared decision-making and helps ovarian cancer patients assimilate information and identify quality of life (QOL), toxicity and survival trade-offs between IP/IV therapy and IV therapy alone, based on their preferences and personal clinical characteristics. Methods: Participants were randomized to either PCOA (N=64) or usual care (N=59). Patient characteristics, QOL and shared decision-making data were collected at baseline and treatment initiation. Primary outcomes included satisfaction with treatment decision and decisional regret. Comparisons were made using t-tests and multivariate methods, adjusting for patient covariates. Multivariate linear models were used to investigate predictors of the primary outcomes. Results: Although satisfaction and decisional regret did not differ significantly by arm at any time point, the majority of PCOA patients indicated that the aid helped them understand treatment options and side effects. Notably, low shared decision-making and low QOL, were significant predictors of low satisfaction at treatment initiation (multiple r=0.76), six months (multiple r=0.48) and nine months (r=0.58). They were also significant predictors of decisional regret (multiple r=0.48 and 0.36 at 6 and 9 months). Patient covariates including age, stage, treatment and neoadjuvant status were not associated with differences in satisfaction or decisional regret. Conclusions: There were no clinically meaningful differences in satisfaction with the treatment decision, or decisional regret between the study arms. The absence of a difference may reflect the high degree of shared decision-making in both arms and greater disease severity in PCOA patients, who were more likely to report low baseline QOL and declining QOL over time. Both shared decision-making and quality of life were robust, independent predictors of satisfaction with the treatment decision over time. This implies that women who perceive themselves as less engaged in the decision process, and report poor QOL may benefit from a decision aid, in addition to physician counseling. Clinical trial information: NCT02259699.
NIFE-trial: Liposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) or gemcitabine plus cisplatin in advanced biliary-tract cancer: An open label, randomized, multicenter phase II trial of the AIO
Authors: T.J. Ettrich, L. Perkhofer, A.W. Berger, T. Seufferlein
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators for Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Rahman Shah, Roxanna Sabghi, Mary Dennis
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Trends and differences in tuberculosis incidences and clustering among natives in Denmark, Sweden and Finland: comparison of native incidences and molecular epidemiology among three low-incidence countries
Authors: M.K. Pedersen, T. Lillebaek, A.B. Andersen, H. Soini, M. Haanperä, R. Groenheit, J. Jonsson, E. Svensson
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2017)
The burden of atopic dermatitis in US adults: Health care resource utilization data from the 2013 National Health and Wellness Survey
Authors: Laurent Eckert, Shaloo Gupta, Caroline Amand, Abhijit Gadkari, Puneet Mahajan, Joel M. Gelfand
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2017)

There is a lack of data on the burden of atopic dermatitis (AD) in adults relative to the general population.To characterize the AD burden in adult patients relative to both matched non-AD controls and matched patients with psoriasis in terms of comorbidities, health care resource utilization (HCRU), and costs.Adults (≥18 years) who self-reported a diagnosis of AD or psoriasis and adult non-AD controls were identified from the 2013 US National Health and Wellness Survey. Patients with AD were propensity score-matched with non-AD controls and patients with psoriasis on demographic variables. Patient-reported outcomes were analyzed between matched cohorts.Patients with AD had a significantly greater risk for atopic comorbidities, as well as significantly greater HCRU and total cost compared with non-AD controls. The burden of AD was generally comparable to that of psoriasis, although patients with AD reported increased use of emergency room visits compared with patients with psoriasis.Patient-reported data are susceptible to recall bias and erroneous classification.Adult patients with AD reported a substantial disease burden, suggesting an unmet need for more effective AD treatment options.
Grand Rounds--University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff: Pyrexia of unknown origin
Authors: R. H Evans
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Despite recent impressive advances in antiretroviral therapy and the hope they bring for further delaying the onset of AIDS and even for cure of HIV infection, we are left with the need to prevent and treat the opportunistic complications that come with a diagnosis of AIDS.Worldwide, most people infected with HIV do not have access to antiretroviral drugs or to treatment and prophylaxis for many of the complications of HIV infection.In the developing world, therefore, prevention of HIV infection is receiving attention.This article summarises some recent advances in the aetiology, treatment, and prophylaxis of the opportunistic complications of HIV infection as well as progress in HIV prevention in the developing world.
Interim health related quality of life (QoL) from LAPACT, a Phase 2 trial of nab-paclitaxel (nab-P) plus gemcitabine (G) for patients (Pts) with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC)
Authors: F. Portales, P.A. Philip, P. Hammel, M. Buscaglia, R. Pazo-Cid, J.L. Manzano Mozo, E.S. Kim, S. Dowden, A. Zakari, C. Borg, E. Terrebonne, F. Rivera Herrero, J. Shiansong Li, T.J. Ong, T. Nydam, J. Lacy
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Gene signatures as potential predictive markers of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in ER+/HER2+ breast cancer patients
Authors: E. Risi, A. Grilli, I. Migliaccio, C. Biagioni, C. Guarducci, M. Bonechi, A. McCartney, S. Vitale, L. Biganzoli, S. Bicciato, A. Di Leo, L. Malorni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Long-term survival analysis of the randomized phase II trial investigating the addition of carboplatin to neoadjuvant therapy for triple-negative (TNBC) and HER2-positive early breast cancer (GeparSixto)
Authors: M. Untch, A. Schneeweiss, C. Salat, M. Rezai, D-M. Zahm, P. Klare, J-U. Blohmer, H. Tesch, F. Khandan, P.A. Fasching, C. Jackisch, V. Nekljudova, G. von Minckwitz, S. Loibl
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Diagnostic Accuracy of Virtual Pathology vs Traditional Microscopy in a Large Dermatopathology Study
Authors: Michael N. Kent, Thomas G. Olsen, Theresa A. Feeser, Katherine C. Tesno, John C. Moad, Michael P. Conroy, Mary Jo Kendrick, Sean R. Stephenson, Michael R. Murchland, Ayesha U. Khan, Elizabeth A. Peacock, Alexa Brumfiel, Michael A. Bottomley
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

<h3>Importance</h3> Digital pathology represents a transformative technology that impacts dermatologists and dermatopathologists from residency to academic and private practice. Two concerns are accuracy of interpretation from whole-slide images (WSI) and effect on workflow. Studies of considerably large series involving single-organ systems are lacking. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate whether diagnosis from WSI on a digital microscope is inferior to diagnosis of glass slides from traditional microscopy (TM) in a large cohort of dermatopathology cases with attention on image resolution, specifically eosinophils in inflammatory cases and mitotic figures in melanomas, and to measure the workflow efficiency of WSI compared with TM. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Three dermatopathologists established interobserver ground truth consensus (GTC) diagnosis for 499 previously diagnosed cases proportionally representing the spectrum of diagnoses seen in the laboratory. Cases were distributed to 3 different dermatopathologists who diagnosed by WSI and TM with a minimum 30-day washout between methodologies. Intraobserver WSI/TM diagnoses were compared, followed by interobserver comparison with GTC. Concordance, major discrepancies, and minor discrepancies were calculated and analyzed by paired noninferiority testing. We also measured pathologists' read rates to evaluate workflow efficiency between WSI and TM. This retrospective study was caried out in an independent, national, university-affiliated dermatopathology laboratory. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Intraobserver concordance of diagnoses between WSI and TM methods and interobserver variance from GTC, following College of American Pathology guidelines. <h3>Results</h3> Mean intraobserver concordance between WSI and TM was 94%. Mean interobserver concordance was 94% for WSI and GTC and 94% for TM and GTC. Mean interobserver concordance between WSI, TM, and GTC was 91%. Diagnoses from WSI were noninferior to those from TM. Whole-slide image read rates were commensurate with WSI experience, achieving parity with TM by the most experienced user. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Diagnosis from WSI was found equivalent to diagnosis from glass slides using TM in this statistically powerful study of 499 dermatopathology cases. This study supports the viability of WSI for primary diagnosis in the clinical setting.
Composite index of risk shows that benefit from adjuvant dose dense chemotherapy is not confined to triple negative breast cancer
Authors: F. Puglisi, M. Ceppi, L. Gerratana, F. Cognetti, S. De Placido, P. Bruzzi, M. De Laurentiis, G. Bisagni, G. Cavazzini, A. Durando, A. Turletti, E. Valle, F. Montemurro, S. Barni, A. Ardizzoni, G. Colantuoni, T. Gamucci, L. Del Mastro
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
A noncanonical function of cGAMP in inflammasome priming and activation
Authors: Karen V. Swanson, Robert D. Junkins, Cathryn J. Kurkjian, Elizabeth Holley-Guthrie, Avani A. Pendse, Rachid El Morabiti, Alex Petrucelli, Glen N. Barber, Chris A. Benedict, Jenny P.-Y. Ting
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2017)

Recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and danger-associated molecular patterns by host cells is an important step in innate immune activation. The DNA sensor cyclic guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) binds to DNA and produces cGAMP, which in turn binds to stimulator of interferon genes (STING) to activate IFN-I. Here we show that cGAMP has a noncanonical function in inflammasome activation in human and mouse cells. Inflammasome activation requires two signals, both of which are activated by cGAMP. cGAMP alone enhances expression of inflammasome components through IFN-I, providing the priming signal. Additionally, when combined with a priming signal, cGAMP activates the inflammasome through an AIM2, NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 dependent process. These two cGAMP-mediated functions, priming and activation, have differential requirements for STING. Temporally, cGAMP induction of IFN-I precedes inflammasome activation, which then occurs when IFN-I is waning. In mice, cGAS/cGAMP amplify both inflammasome and IFN-I to control murine cytomegalovirus. Thus, cGAMP activates the inflammasome in addition to IFN-I, and activation of both is needed to control infection by a DNA virus.
Modernizing Clinical Trial Eligibility: Recommendations of the American Society of Clinical Oncology–Friends of Cancer Research Minimum Age Working Group
Authors: Lia Gore, S. Percy Ivy, Frank M. Balis, Eric Rubin, Katherine Thornton, Martha Donoghue, Samantha Roberts, Suanna Bruinooge, Jennifer Ersek, Nancy Goodman, Caroline Schenkel, Gregory Reaman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Purpose Children have historically been excluded from first-in-human studies of promising new cancer drugs and later phase adult clinical trials. Delays in evaluation may result in off-label use without dosing information as the only access to new drugs. A multistakeholder workshop was convened in May 2016 by ASCO and Friends of Cancer Research to identify opportunities for when it would be scientifically appropriate to expand trial eligibility to include children younger than age 18 years in first-in-human and other adult cancer clinical trials. Methods This group convened experts from academia, government, and industry to review barriers to enrolling children and adolescents in oncology clinical trials. We evaluated the historical context, published literature, regulatory considerations, and myriad risks and benefits associated with lowering the age of enrollment on oncology clinical trials. Results We conclude that many of the historical concerns about including children early in oncology clinical trials do not apply in the current scientific and clinical environment of pediatric oncology and drug development; we provide specific recommendations for how the inclusion of children in early-phase investigational cancer drug trials might be accomplished. Automatic inclusion of pediatric patients is appropriate in early-phase trials that assess dose, safety, and pharmacokinetics in a variety of tumor types and later phase trials that assess efficacy in a specific disease that spans adult and pediatric populations. Conclusion Including children in appropriately designed adult clinical oncology trials is feasible and can be done in a way that enhances their access to these agents without compromising safety or development strategies.
Situação actual da difilobotríase humana na Europa
Authors: J Dupouy-Camet, R Peduzzi
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

A difilobotriase, uma parasitose provocada pela larva plana Diphyllobothrium latum, e contraida pelo consumo de peixe de agua doce cru ou mal cozido. O objectivo deste estudo consistiu em avaliar a situacao desta parasitose nos ultimos 20 anos na Europa, mediante a analise de bases de dados e motores de pesquisa (Medline, Cabi Helminthological abstracts, Yahoo, Google) e recorrendo a um questionario enviado a uma rede de parasitologistas europeus e a laboratorios de microbiologia localizados nas costas dos grandes lagos Alpinos. Este estudo mostrou que foram notificadas varias duzias de casos anuais na Finlândia e Suecia, que foram registados inumeros casos nas areas que lingua francesa ou italiana dos lagos subalpinos e que foram apenas observados casos esporadicos na Austria, Espanha, Grecia, Romenia, Polonia e Noruega. Desde 1990 que foram identificados mais de 30 casos nas costas suicas de Lago Maggiore e, tendo sido registados 70 casos nas costas suica e francesa do Lago Leman entre 1993 e 2002. Oito a 12% das percas do Lago Leman e 7,8% das percas do Lago Maggiore estavam infestados com larvas. As fontes de contaminacao incluem postas de peixe marinadas no norte da Europa, 'carpaccio di persico' no norte da Italia e perca e truta-das-fontes consumidos crus ou mal cozidos em redor do Lago Leman. Entre os factores que permitem a continuacao do ciclo parasitario incluem-se a permanente descarga de aguas de esgotos em lagos, donos de barcos de recreio que tambem se dedicam a pesca e um possivel reservatorio animal.
Prospective validation of a preoperative risk score model based on pancreatic texture to predict postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Riccardo Casadei, Claudio Ricci, Giovanni Taffurelli, Carlo Alberto Pacilio, Mariacristina Di Marco, Nico Pagano, Carla Serra, Lucia Calculli, Donatella Santini, Francesco Minni
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2017)
GW28-e0833 Inhibition of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion apoptosis by soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-product (sRAGE) via interferon-induced immunoproteasome activity
Authors: Mengqiu Dang, Xiangjun Zeng, Hongxia Wang, Huihua Li, Fenghe Du, Buxing Chen, Caixia Guo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
A randomized, double-blind, multi-center phase III study evaluating paclitaxel with and without RAD001 in patients with gastric or esophagogastric junction carcinoma who have progressed after therapy with a fluoropyrimidine/platinum-containing regimen (RADPAC)
Authors: C. Pauligk, S. Lorenzen, T. Goetze, J. Riera Knorrenschild, S. Hegewisch Becker, J. Seraphin, P. Thuss-Patience, H-G. Kopp, T. Dechow, A. Vogel, K. Luley, D. Pink, M. Stahl, F. Kullmann, H. Hebart, J.T. Siveke, M. Egger, N. Homann, S. Probst, S-E. Al-Batran
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)