tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant radiation, androgen deprivation, and docetaxel for high-risk prostate cancer post-prostatectomy: Results of RTOG 0621.
Authors: Mark Hurwitz, A. Oliver Sartor, Qiang Zhang, Ying Xiao, Bobby Shayegan, Paul W. Sperduto, Kas Ray Badiozamani, Colleen Anne Lawton, Eric M. Horwitz, Jeff M. Michalski, Kevin S. Roof, David Beyer, Asha George, Howard Mark Sandler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

5031 Background: Phase III trials have shown benefit in progression-free survival and in some cases overall survival with adjuvant radiation therapy (ART) in men with adverse pathologic findings at radical prostatectomy (RP). Despite ART, a high-risk group of patients has been defined with 50% risk of progression at 3 years, a risk factor for prostate cancer specific mortality. RTOG 0621 is a single-arm phase II trial that assessed whether addition of androgen deprivation (ADT) and docetaxel to ART would increase freedom from progression (FFP) at 3 years from 50% to ≥ 70% in these high-risk patients. Methods: Eligible subjects had prostatic adenocarcinoma who underwent RP with PSA nadir > 0.2 and Gleason score ≥ 7 or PSA nadir ≤ 0.2 with Gleason score ≥ 8 and ≥ pT3. Subjects received 6 months of ADT + RT to the pelvis with prostatic fossa boost to 66.6 Gy followed in one month with 6 cycles of docetaxel 75 mg/m2 every 21 days. The primary objective was to assess whether addition of ADT and docetaxel to ART results in FFP of ≥70% as defined as PSA < 0.4 ng/ml, and no clinical failure or death from any cause at 3 years. Multivariate logistic regression was used to model association of factors with the occurrence of FFP. Odds ratios and respective 95% confidence intervals were computed. Results: 76 patients with median age 62 meeting eligibility criteria were enrolled on the study. 3 year FFP was 71%, (95% CI:61-81%), p-value<0.001. In univariate and multivariate models, only post-RP PSA was statistically significantly associated with FFP. Two deaths occurred of which only 1 was related to prostate cancer. The most common significant chemotherapy side effects were peripheral neuropathy (12 grade 2 and 1 grade 3) and febrile neutropenia in 3 patients. Six subjects (8%) experienced late grade 3-4 treatment related toxicities. Conclusions: Addition of ADT and docetaxel to ART for men as high risk of failure despite ART alone following prostatectomy resulted in a significant improvement in FFP as compared to historical controls. Phase III trials assessing chemotherapy in this high-risk population are warranted. This work was supported by RTOG grant U10 CA21661 and CCOP grant U10 CA37422 from the NCI and Sanofi-Aventis. Clinical trial information: NCT00528866.
TCTAP A-080 Sex-based Differences in Bleeding and Long-term Adverse Events After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Elderly Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Na Xu, Xiao-fang Tang, Bo Xu, Jinqing Yuan, Runlin Gao, Yuejin Yang, Yi Yao
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Outcomes Associated With Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators—Reply
Authors: Daniel J. Friedman, Sana M. Al-Khatib
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Swedish stem cell “pioneers” are found guilty of research misconduct
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Swedish stem cell "pioneers" are found guilty of research misconduct Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Radiosensitization of glioma cells with the curcumin analogs EF24 and EF31
Authors: Hui-Kuo Shu, Andrew Brown, Younghyoun Yoon, Huiying Gao, Jamie Purcell, James Snyder, Dennis Liotta, Hyunsuk Shim
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

411  Outcomes for patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remain poor despite aggressive multimodality therapy. Normal tissue constraints generally preclude further dose escalation with radiation. Therefore, agents that can modify the sensitivity of these tumors to radiation may prove useful clinically in the management of these patients. Curcumin, a major component of tumeric, is used as a spice to give the flavor and yellow coloring to curry. It has been used in traditional medicine for a variety of ailments. Multiple groups have found that curcumin has anti-neoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. However, while curcumin’s safety is illustrated by its longstanding use in foods, its relatively low potency and poor absorption characteristics limits its clinical development. EF24 and EF31 were developed as synthetic curcumin analogs that display significantly greater potency than the parental compound as anti-cancer agents when screened against a variety of tumor cell lines. We have previously shown that these analogs can function as general kinase inhibitors. Since inappropriate activation of various signal transduction pathways often contribute to resistance to cytotoxic therapies including radiation, we tested whether these agents could radiosensitize glioma cells. We utilized the LN229 glioma cell line that has been engineered to overexpress EGFRvIII (LNvIII), a mutant form of this receptor tyrosine kinase that show constitutive activity and is often seen in GBMs, as well as the corresponding vector control (LNpuro). EF24 (100 nM) and EF31 (10 nM) were used to assess in vitro radiosensitizing activity in the LNpuro and LNvIII cell lines. These drug levels were chosen based on inhibition of growth in the absence of radiation (inhibited clonogenicity by
Autologous transplantation of bone marrow purged in vitro with anti-CD7- (WT1-) ricin A immunotoxin in T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma
Authors: FW Preijers, T De Witte, JM Wessels, GC De Gast, E Van Leeuwen, PJ Capel, C Haanen
Journal: Blood (1989)
The relationship of miR-122-5p with trastuzumab therapy in breast cancer.
Authors: Sercan ErgÃ¼n, Celaletdin Camci, Ebru Temiz, Mustafa Ulasli, Mehmet Emin Kalender, Alper Sevinc, Serdar Oztuzcu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e11593 Background: Recently, microRNA-122’s functions in breast cancer (BC) remain unknown. HER2 receptors are known cleaved by an ectodomain sheddase, ADAM10, to liberate HER2 extracellular domain (ECD) in most metastatic cases. So, trastuzumab cannot inactivate HER2 by binding ECD portion of it. Our aim is to suppress HER2 sheddase activity with miR-122-5p that selectively inhibits ADAM10 expression and increase activity of trastuzumab. Also, we aimed to analyze advancing of apoptosis by miR-122-5p together with Trastuzumab in SKBR3 (HER2+) cell line. Methods: MiR-122-5p and ADAM10 expressions were measured in breast cancer cell lines (CRL-2329,MDA-MB-231,CRL-1500,MCF-7,SK-BR-3) and in CRL-4010 (control) by Real-time PCR. MiR-122-5p and ADAM10 expressions were analyzed in 71 breast cancer patients’ tumor and normal tissues. Also, SKBR3 cells (HER2+) were transfected with miR-122-5p mimic, inhibitor and miRNA negative control and trastuzumab was administered to miRNA transfected and non-transfected SKBR3 cells. Then, apoptotic cells were counted and cell cycle analysis were performed by flow cytometer. Results: ADAM10 and miR-122-5p expressions were high in SKBR3 however increase in miR-122-5p expression is not high as increase in ADAM10 expression. ADAM10 expression was higher and miR-122-5p expression was lower in tumor tissues of breast cancer patients. The expression pattern in HER2+ patients was reverse of it. Also, we showed significantly more apoptotic cells in miR-122-5p mimic + trastuzumab administration and less in miR-122-5p inhibitor + trastuzumab. Lastly, G1-S transition is the highest for miR-122-5p mimic + trastuzumab group so miR-122-5p reserves HER2 contact structure and increases proliferative signalling in non-apoptotic cells but number of apoptotic ones are higher via mimic + trastuzumab administration. Conclusions: In brief, we suggest that the inhibition of ADAM10 by miR-122-5p specifically may provide a novel therapeutic approach by sensitizing HER2+ breast cancer cells to trastuzumab targeting ECD of HER2.
Subcutaneous dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, a rare subtype with predilection for the head: A retrospective series of 18 cases
Authors: Beatriz Llombart, Carlos Serra-Guillén, Luis Rubio, Eduardo Nagore, Celia Requena, Victor Traves, Laura Calomarde, Bernardo Bancalari, José Antonio López-Guerrero, Carlos Guillen-Barona, Onofre Sanmartín
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2017)
Oncogenes and Radiation Carcinogenesis
Authors: Seymour J. Garte, Frederic J. Burns
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Current research indicates a role for several oncogenes in radiation-induced carcinogenesis in vivo and cell transformation in vitro. Certain oncogenes are probably also involved in some cases of human cancer caused by exposure to nonionizing radiation and may play a mechanistic role in the phenomenon of radioresistance seen in later stages of tumor progression. The mechanisms of oncogene activation seen in radiation-induced tumors include point mutations, gene amplification, and changes in gene expression. Genetic factors associated with target species, strain, and tissue type play an important role in determining the specific nature of oncogene activation by radiation exposure. Using the rat skin as a model for cancer induction by ionizing radiation, we found concurrent activation of K-ras and c-myc oncogenes in end-stage tumors. Amplification of the myc gene proved to occur during a late stage of tumor progression and is not an early initiating event resulting from the direct action of radiation on target cells. The importance of tissue specificity, tumor cell heterogeneity, and physical characteristics of the radiation exposure are discussed.
Pattern recognition receptors: immune targets to enhance cancer immunotherapy
Authors: T. Shekarian, S. Valsesia-Wittmann, J. Brody, M.C. Michallet, S. Depil, C. Caux, A. Marabelle
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)

Durable tumor responses and significant levels of disease control rates have been described in more than 20 advanced/metastatic cancer types with B7-family immune checkpoint-targeted anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1, and anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies. These results and the recent approvals of ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, nivolumab and atezolizumab are currently revolutionizing the way we envision the future of cancer care. However these clinical benefits are not observed in all cancer types and in every patient. Therefore, our clinical challenge is to identify therapeutic strategies which could overcome the primary and secondary resistances to these novel cancer immunotherapies. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are other critical costimulatory molecules of immune cells, notably myeloid cells (macrophages and dendritic cells). They were initially described as sensors for 'danger signals' released by pathogens (e.g. viral DNA and bacterial proteins). We know now that PRRs can also be recruited and activated upon recognition of endogenous stress signals such as molecules released upon self-cell death (e.g. ATP and HMGB1). Natural endo/exogenous or synthetic PRRs agonists have notably the ability to activate phagocytosis and antigen presentation by myeloid cells residing in the tumor micro-environment. In pre-clinical models, these PRRs agonists have also been shown to overcome the resistance to T-cell targeted immune checkpoints anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1. This manuscript reviews the current knowledge on this major family of immune receptors and the molecules targeting them which are currently in clinical development.
The Role of Genetic Testing in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Olivia M. Valencia, Selyne E. Samuel, Rebecca K. Viscusi, Taylor S. Riall, Leigh A. Neumayer, Hassan Aziz
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

In the United States from 2009 to 2013, the incidence of breast cancer was the highest of any cancer and the death rate was second to that of lung cancer. Approximately 5% to 10% of breast cancers are inheritable.BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations account for up to 30% of inheritable breast cancers and are the most commonly assessed mutations in patients presenting with early-onset breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, bilateral breast cancer, and a family history of breast cancer. Less common non-BRCA mutations have also been identified and contribute to hereditary breast cancer syndromes. Although established in BRCA mutations, indications and interpretations of genetic testing in non-BRCA mutations are not well defined. Furthermore, costs associated with genetic testing are highly variable and dependent on laboratory pricing, insurance coverage, and individual risk factors.Genetic testing is a powerful tool that allows for the detection of BRCA and non-BRCA germline mutations in individuals with high risks of breast cancer, which in turn aids in the individualization of treatment. Given the magnitude of this disease, it is of great benefit for physicians, including general surgeons, to understand the indications, interpretations, and costs associated with genetic testing in patients with breast cancer. Cost is an especially important part of the genetic testing process and point of discussion with patients.
Clinical, functional and inflammatory characteristics in patients with paucigranulocytic stable asthma: Comparison with different sputum phenotypes
Authors: P. Ntontsi, S. Loukides, P. Bakakos, K. Kostikas, G. Papatheodorou, E. Papathanassiou, G. Hillas, N. Koulouris, S. Papiris, A. I. Papaioannou
Journal: Allergy (2017)

According to induced sputum cell count, four different asthma phenotypes have been recognized (eosinophilic, neutrophilic, mixed and paucigranulocytic). The aim of this study was to detect functional and inflammatory characteristics of patients with paucigranulocytic asthma.A total of 240 asthmatic patients were categorized into the four phenotypes according to cell counts in induced sputum. All patients underwent pulmonary function tests, and measurement of fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). The levels of IL-8, IL-13 and eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) were also measured in sputum supernatant. Treatment, asthma control and the presence of severe refractory asthma (SRA) were also recorded.Patients were categorized into the four phenotypes as follows: eosinophilic (40%), mixed (6.7%), neutrophilic (5.4%) and paucigranulocytic (47.9%). Although asthma control test did not differ between groups (P=.288), patients with paucigranulocytic asthma had better lung function (FEV1 % pred) [median (IQR): 71.5 (59.0-88.75) vs 69.0 (59.0-77.6) vs 68.0 (60.0-85.5) vs 80.5 (69.7-95.0), P=.009] for eosinophilic, mixed, neutrophilic and paucigranulocytic asthma, respectively, P=.009). SRA occurred more frequently in the eosinophilic and mixed phenotype (41.6% and 43.7%, respectively) and less frequently in the neutrophilic and paucigranulocytic phenotype (25% and 21.7%, respectively, P=.01). FeNO, ECP and IL-8 were all low in the paucigranulocytic, whereas as expected FeNO and ECP were higher in eosinophilic and mixed asthma, while IL-8 was higher in patients with neutrophilic and mixed asthma (P<.001 for all comparisons). Interestingly, 14.8% of patients with paucigranulocytic asthma had poor asthma control.Paucigranulocytic asthma most likely represents a "benign" asthma phenotype, related to a good response to treatment, rather than a "true" phenotype of asthma. However, paucigranulocytic patients that remain not well controlled despite optimal treatment represent an asthmatic population that requires further study for potential novel targeted interventions.
Corrections
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

In the article on gene expression for thyroid tumor classification in the April 15, 2004 issue of Cancer Research (1), the name of one of the contributing authors was misspelled. The correct spelling is Nick G. Costouros.1. Mazzanti C, Zeiger MA, Costouros NG, Umbricht C, Westra WH, Smith D, Somervell H, Bevilacqua G, Alexander HR, Libutti SK. Using gene expression profiling to differentiate benign versus malignant thyroid tumors. Cancer Res 2004;64:2898-903.
Response-adapted consolidation with bortezomib after ASCT improves progression-free survival in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: H Einsele, S Knop, M Vogel, J Müller, M Kropff, B Metzner, C Langer, H Sayer, W Jung, H A Dürk, H Salwender, H Wandt, F Bassermann, M Gramatzki, W Rösler, H-H Wolf, W Brugger, M Engelhardt, T Fischer, P Liebisch, C Straka
Journal: Leukemia (2017)
Mass Production of Cell‐Laden Calcium Alginate Particles with Centrifugal Force
Authors: Yuya Morimoto, Maiko Onuki, Shoji Takeuchi
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

This paper describes a centrifuge-based device for oil-free and mass production of calcium-alginate (Ca-alginate) particles. The device is composed of four components: a tank with a glass capillary for forming sodium alginate droplets, a collecting bath with calcium chloride (CaCl2 ) solution, a waste liquid box, and a bypass channel bridged between the collecting bath and the waste liquid box. When the device is centrifuged, extra CaCl2 solution in the collecting bath is delivered to the waste liquid box to maintain the appropriate liquid level of CaCl2 solution for the production of monodisperse Ca-alginate particles. The proposed device enables oil-free production of over 45 000 uniformly sized Ca-alginate particles in a single 240 s process, whereas using the conventional method with only a glass capillary, ≈1000 particles are formed within the same processing time. Because of the high biocompatibility of the oil-free process, the device is applicable to cell encapsulation in Ca-alginate particles with high cell viability, as well as the formation of a macroscopic 3D cellular structure using Ca-alginate particles covered with cells as assembly modules. These results suggest that the device can be a useful tool for preparing experimental platforms in biomedical and tissue engineering fields.
Meiotic Genes Are Enriched in Regions of Reduced Archaic Ancestry
Authors: B. Jégou, S. Sankararaman, A.D. Rolland, D. Reich, F. Chalmel
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2017)

About 1-6% of the genetic ancestry of modern humans today originates from admixture with archaic humans. It has recently been shown that autosomal genomic regions with a reduced proportion of Neanderthal and Denisovan ancestries (NA and DA) are significantly enriched in genes that are more expressed in testis than in other tissues. To determine whether a cellular segregation pattern would exist, we combined maps of archaic introgression with a cross-analysis of three transcriptomic datasets deciphering the transcriptional landscape of human gonadal cell types. We reveal that the regions deficient in both NA and DA contain a significant enrichment of genes transcribed in meiotic germ cells. The interbreeding of anatomically modern humans with archaic humans may have introduced archaic-derived alleles that contributed to genetic incompatibilities affecting meiosis that were subsequently purged by natural selection.
Philadelphia (Ph) Chromosome (BCR-ABL1 fusion) As a Recurrent Genetic Abnormality Among Therapy-Related Acute Leukemia
Authors: Ibrahim Aldoss, Tracey Stiller, Joo Y. Song, Monzr M al Malki, Haris Ali, Amandeep Salhotra, Samer K Khaled, Ahmed Aribi, Popsie Gaytan, Joyce L. Murata-Collins, David S. Snyder, Anthony S. Stein, Margaret O'Donnell, Ryotaro Nakamura, Joycelynne M. Palmer, Stephen J. Forman, Guido Marcucci, Vinod Pullarkat
Journal: Blood (2016)
Alternative surgical training model will be trialled from 2018
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

A new programme for surgical training will be trialled by 19 trusts and hospitals from August 2018, the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) has said.

Earlier this month the RCS and Health Education England (HEE) published the names of 18 trusts and hospitals that will be piloting a new training programme for general surgery.1 An additional site is planned for Scotland but the location is yet to be confirmed.

Ian Eardley, vice president of the RCS and chair of its improving surgical training working group, said that the pilots will recruit at core trainee year 1 level. Trainees …
OPTiM: A randomized phase III trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) compared with subcutaneously (sc) administered GM-CSF for the treatment (tx) of unresectable stage IIIb, IIIc, and IV melanoma.
Authors: Howard Kaufman, Volker Jean Wagner, Howard Goldsweig, Bin Yao, Robert Coffin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

TPS8604 Background: T-VEC (formerly OncoVEX GM-CSF ) is an oncolytic HSV1 that selectively replicates in tumors. The proposed MOA includes lytic destruction of injected tumors and induction of a systemic anti-tumor immune response enhanced by local GM-CSF expression. Intratumoral T-VEC tx in a 50-patient (pt) ph II study in advanced melanoma (Stage IIIc-IVM1c) was well tolerated and achieved a high rate and duration of response, including 20% CR (Senzer et al., JCO 2009; 27: 5763-71). As immune effects may be delayed, progressive disease (PD) often occurred before response. Based on the ph II data, a randomized ph III trial of T-VEC in unresectable melanoma (the OPTiM study; clinical trials registry NCT00769704) was designed taking into account the response patterns seen with T-VEC and other immunotherapeutic agents. T-VEC is the first "armed" oncolytic agent to enter pivotal testing worldwide. Methods: OPTiM compares the efficacy and safety of intratumoral T-VEC to sc GM-CSF in 430 pts with treated or untreated unresectable Stage IIIb-IVM1c melanoma stratified by typical prognostic factors. Pts are randomized 2:1 to T-VEC (priming dose of up to 4 x 10 6 pfu intratumorally then 3 wks later by up to 4 x 10 8 pfu Q2W) or GM-CSF 125 µg/m 2 qd sc x 14 days every 28 days. Key eligibility criteria are ≥ 18 yrs old, ECOG 0-1, and at least 1 injectable cutaneous, sc, or nodal tumor. The primary endpoint is durable response rate (DRR: CR or PR continuously maintained for ≥ 6 mo initiating within 12 mo of starting tx; secondary endpoints include OS. Responses are subject to independent review. Pts are treated until wk 24, even with PD. Thereafter pts are treated until clinically significant PD, CR, or for 1 yr. The study has 90% power to show a 10% difference in DRR with 2-sided Fisher Exact Test (α = 5%). Enrollment closed in July 2011 with 439 pts randomized in the US, UK, S Africa, and Canada. Interim analysis in Dec 2010 on 75 pts on study &gt; 9 mo concluded that the study should continue. Results are expected during 2012. Conclusions: T-VEC provides a novel potential tx for melanoma. This pivotal ph III study is expected to report during 2012.