tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Erratum: Identification of thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1) as a novel mediator of cell injury in kidney ischemia (Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005) 115 (3451-3459) DOI: 10.1172/JCI25461)
Authors: Charuhas V. Thakar, Kamyar Zahedi, Monica P. Revelo, Zhaohui Wang, Charles E. Burnham, Sharon Barone, Shannon Bevans, Alex B. Lentsch, Hamid Rabb, Manoocher Soleimani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)
What's hot that the others got
Authors: Janice Higginson
Journal: Thorax (2015)

Platinum-based chemotherapy is standard treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but in the expanding world of tyrosine kinase inhibitors established regimes are being questioned. Ramalingham et al ( J Clin Oncol 2015;33:433–41) have published a Phase II randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre trial studying the effect of adding linifanib to carboplatin and paclitaxel. Patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC and performance status 1 or below were carefully selected and then randomised to three arms: carboplatin and paclitaxel plus placebo, 7.5 mg linifanib or 12.5 mg linifanib. Progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly improved in the linifanib 7.5 mg arm compared with the 12.5 mg and placebo arms (252, 221 and 174 days, respectively). Overall survival was not different between the arms, although the study was underpowered for this outcome. There was a significant improvement of PFS in the linifanib arms in a subgroup of patients with a positive CEA/CYFRA 21-1 biomarker signature. Adverse events were higher in the linifanib arms, including thrombocytopenia and two deaths, as well as dose-related diarrhoea, …
Mutation in <i>BRAF</i> V600E
Authors: Sheik Emambux, Guillaume Mouillet, David Tougeron
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Erratum. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Can Be Prevented by Lifestyle Intervention: The Finnish Gestational Diabetes Prevention Study (RADIEL). A Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Care 2016;39:24–30
Authors: Saila B. Koivusalo, Kristiina Rönö, Miira M. Klemetti, Risto P. Roine, Jaana Lindström, Maijaliisa Erkkola, Risto J. Kaaja, Maritta Pöyhönen-Alho, Aila Tiitinen, Emilia Huvinen, Sture Andersson, Hannele Laivuori, Anita Valkama, Jelena Meinilä, Hannu Kautiainen, Johan G. Eriksson, Beata Stach-Lempinen
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

In the above-mentioned article, the sentence, “In addition, participants with GDM before 20 weeks of gestation were excluded from this study” was added to the end of the second paragraph in …
Long-Term Efficacy and Quality of Life with Recombinant Factor VIII Fc Fusion Protein (rFVIIIFc) Prophylaxis in Pediatric, Adolescent, and Adult Subjects with Target Joints and Severe Hemophilia a
Authors: Michael Wang, K John Pasi, Ingrid Pabinger, Bryce A. Kerlin, Roshni Kulkarni, Beatrice Nolan, Raina Liesner, Simon A Brown, Hideji Hanabusa, Elisa Tsao, Bent Winding, Stefan Lethagen, Nisha Jain
Journal: Blood (2016)
TV: Panorama: Dead Mums Don't Cry
Authors: Jim Neilson
Journal: BMJ (2005)

There is an old African saying that a pregnant woman has one foot in the grave. Too true.

This programme successfully highlighted the important, global, obstetric causes of maternal deaths—eclampsia/preeclampsia, obstructed labour, unsafe and illegal abortion, haemorrhage, and infection.

It described a week in the professional life of Dr Grace Kodindo, obstetrician in N'djamena, the capital city of Chad. She is committed and engaging, and we followed her through joy, anger, frustration, and despair.

Women in Chad have a lifetime risk of pregnancy related death of 1 in 11; the equivalent figure for the United Kingdom is > 1 in 5000. Half a million women a year die in pregnancy, 99% in low income countries. The real scandal, and the source of Dr Kodindo's frustration, is that many of these deaths could have been prevented by simple and inexpensive measures.

As a 16 year old convulsed with eclampsia, we heard that there is no magnesium sulphate in the country—a cheap and effective treatment. What is available must be bought first by relatives, including catheters and intravenous fluids. Evidence based medicine gives way to poverty based medicine.

A 12 year old girl is admitted with sepsis after an illegal abortion. She had been transported by local taxi with several other passengers. Her mother frets about finding the money for antibiotics. Some days later, the girl is dead.

Millennium development goal number five is the reduction of maternal mortality by three quarters by 2015. Countries like Chad are miles away from achieving this.​this.




Figure 1



Dr Kodindo with a baby she has delivered in a Chad hospital

Credit: BBC




Honduras is one low income country that has improved its maternal death rates and Dr Kodindo was transported by the Panorama team to see what was different there. Contraceptives were freely available. Traditional birth attendants (TBAs) were trained to refer when necessary. Ironically, the partogram (developed in Africa) was used to identify obstructed labour in Honduras (but not in Chad). Most importantly, there has been political commitment to decrease maternal deaths. As the man from the United Nations said, things will not get better while it is not “women and children first” but “women and children last.”

Oil has been discovered in Chad and money should follow. The health minister was challenged aggressively about the current situation. She, not unreasonably, pointed out that cultural changes did not occur overnight. It was difficult to tell if she was the victim of complacency, or of journalistic editing.

The filming verged on the intrusive at times, but carried weight by showing the human faces behind the statistics. Among many poignant moments was the visit to the grave of an 18 year old mother. The cause of her death was unclear. It occurred in a rural area of Chad. It went uncounted and unregistered. A mound of sand, covered by some vegetation, marks the grave. Soon it will flatten and disappear—unrecognisable to all but her family and friends as the last resting place of a young woman.
Christopher William Burke
Authors: Derek Hockaday
Journal: BMJ (2017)

After wide ranging experience of both general and especially endocrine medicine in three London hospitals, as well as a few months in general practice, Christopher William Burke was appointed consultant physician with a special interest in endocrine and metabolic disease to the Oxford hospitals in 1973. This meant working as one of three consultants on one of the four “on-take” medical teams, with an evening round and another the next morning when on take, as well as providing a greatly strengthened inpatient and outpatient service for patients with non-diabetic endocrine diseases; its acme was his collaboration with the pituitary specialist neurosurgeon Christopher Adams. Their joint series of patients operated on for pituitary tumours matched in its results, both local and hormonal, the other best international centres. They were both plain speaking perfectionists, who appreciated one another’s directness. Their joint 1993 paper, published a year before Christopher retired, was a much quoted assessment of the then current modes of treatment of pituitary tumours, but 12 of his other papers, often in collaboration also with John Bevan, later professor of endocrinology in Aberdeen, and/or Margaret Esiri, described …
Low disease activity (DAS28≤3.2) reduces the risk of first cardiovascular event in rheumatoid arthritis: a time-dependent Cox regression analysis in a large cohort study
Authors: Elke EA Arts, Jaap Fransen, Alfons A Den Broeder, Piet L C M van Riel, Calin D Popa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

Systemic inflammation appears to contribute to the excess risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of disease activity over time, particularly low disease activity and remission, on CVD risk in patients with RA.Data from the Nijmegen early RA inception cohort were used. The primary outcome was first CVD events within the first 10 years of follow-up. Cut points of the DAS28 for remission (<2.6) and low (≤3.2), moderate (3.2-5.1) and high (>5.1) disease activity were used. The effect of disease activity on CVD risk was analysed using Cox-proportional hazards regression with DAS28 as a time-dependent covariate and also conventionally with time-averaged DAS28 as the primary dependent variable.Low DAS28 (≤3.2) was significantly associated with a reduced risk of CVD (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.99) compared with DAS28 >3.2, both when included as a time-dependent covariate and as time-averaged DAS28 ≤3.2 (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.81). Remission had a modest, non-significant protective effect against CVD (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.07).Results of this study suggest that low disease activity is sufficient to achieve a protective effect against CVD in RA. Apparently, remission defined as DAS28 <2.6 has no additional protective effect against CVD compared with low disease activity. Our results strengthen the use of tight control strategies in daily clinical practice to achieve low stable disease activity or remission in patients with RA as soon as possible.
Abstract P309: ZnT-1 Protects HL-1 Cells from Simulated Ischemia-Reperfusion Through Activation of Ras-ERK Signaling
Authors: Shani Dror, Ofer Beharier, Shiry Levy, Merav Mor, Joy Kahn, Amos Katz, Arie Moran, Yoram Etzion
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

BACKGROUD: ZnT-1 is a protein that confers cellular resistance from heavy metal toxicity, but its function in the myocardium is not clear. Our group recently demonstrated that ZnT-1 regulates calcium influx into cardiomyocytes by interacting with the regulatory β-subunit of the L-type calcium channel. In addition, in non-cardiac cells ZnT-1 was found to interact with Raf-1 kinase leading to downstream activation of MEK/MAPK signaling. In the present study we investigated the role of ZnT-1 in myocardial ischemia\reperfusion injury (I\R). METHODS AND RESULTS: Cultured cells of cardiomyocyte origin (HL-1 cells) were exposed to ischemic conditions for 60 min using sodium cyanide and 2-Deoxi Glucose, followed by 60 min of washout mimicking reperfusion. I\R injury was detected by measuring LDH release and staining for pro-apoptotic proteins activation (caspase 3 and 7). Overexpression of ZnT-1 reduced the LDH release following I\R injury to 50.1±2.5% of control (n=6, p&lt;0.01) and markedly reduced caspases staining. Consistently, ERK phosphorylation was increased in the ZnT-1 transfected cells to 266±27.8% of control (p&lt;0.01). Knockdown of endogenous ZnT-1 by shRNA blocked the phosphorylation of ERK and markedly augmented LDH release following I/R injury to 287.4±36.9% of control (n=5, p&lt;0.01). The protective effect of ZnT-1 following I\R injury was apparent following pretreatment of HL-1 cells with the L-type calcium channel blocker nifedipine (1 μM). In contrast, pretreatment with the MEK inhibitor PD98059 (10 μM) completely abolished the protective effect of ZnT-1 following I\R injury (n=3). Moreover, a mutated form of ZnT-1 lacking the ability to bind Raf-1, failed to protect HL-1 cells from I\R injury (n=3). CONCLUSIONS: ZnT-1 confers cellular resistance from I\R injury trough its ability to interact with Raf-1 and its ability to stimulate the Raf/MEK/MAPK signaling pathway. Our findings suggest an important new role for ZnT-1 in the myocardium.
Effect of genetic and epigenetic characteristics on higher incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer in southeastern Appalachian Kentucky.
Authors: Anjali Shankar, Uday Shankar, Mark Dignan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e13101 Background: The aim of this project is to evaluate the genetic and epigenetic factor (smoking) associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) in Southeastern Appalachian Kentucky. The highest CRC incidence in the United States is in Southeastern Appalachian KY. The age adjusted CRC incidence rate in KY is 61.3% for males and 44% for females; in Appalachian KY the rates are higher. Methods: 41 CRC patients’ data were collected retrospectively from 2012-2015 from the Appalachian Regional Hospital in Hazard, KY. We performed germ line genetic testing for Lynch syndrome at Myriad Genetic Lab for 18 of the 41 CRC patients. The other 23 patients had tumor screening for Lynch syndrome using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Results: 51.2% of patients were male. 30.6% were smokers. 10 of the 41 CRC patients were diagnosed under age 50 (22.7%) compared to 10% expected frequency of CRC cases under age 50. 35.63% of smokers with CRC were diagnosed under age 50. 55% of Lynch positive CRC patients were smokers. Of the 9 Lynch patients, 4 were left-sided, 4 were right-sided, and 1 had two synchronous left and right tumors. Of the 10 Lynch CRC negative patients, 7 were right-sided, 3 were left-sided. 55.7% of Lynch positive CRC patients were under 50 years. Of the 9 positive Lynch test patients, 5 had a MSH2 mutation (4 were the MSH2 exon 1-6 deletion), 2 had MLH1 mutations, 1 had a MSH6 mutation, and 1 had a PMS2 mutation. IHC stains were all negative on 23 patients. Conclusions: The incidence of CRC under age 50 is higher in Southeastern Appalachian KY. There seems to be a high correlation between smoking and CRC under age 50 and between Lynch syndrome and CRC under age 50. Our Lynch patients had colon cancer located equally in both proximal and distal colon, indicating increasing incidence of left-sided Lynch syndrome. The MSHS2 exon 1-6 deletion, also known as the American Founder Mutation which has been previously linked to families from Southeastern KY, seems to be the predominate mutation seen in Lynch syndrome patients from this region. Genetic factors (MMR mutation), positive family history of CRC and epigenetic external factor (smoking) may be responsible for the higher incidence of CRC in younger patients in our region.
House Keeping Genes and Expression Analysis using a Taqman Human Endogenous Control Plate in Human Hepatic Tissue
Authors: F Gleeson, E Ryan, S Barrett, J Russell, J Crowe
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Aim: Quantification of mRNA transcripts using real time RT PCR may be compounded by variation within one tissue type, leading to misinterpretation of the expression profiles of target genes. To identify a suitable house keeping gene for use in hepatic gene expression analysis of patients with haemochromatosis and hepatitis C.
Rotterdam criteria–based diagnostic subtype is not a strong predictor of cutaneous phenotype in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Timothy H. Schmidt, Jean-Phillip Okhovat, Keshav Khanijow, Heather Huddleston, Marcelle Cedars, Lauri Pasch, Erica T. Wang, Julie Lee, Kanade Shinkai
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2017)
Lpxn Regulates Proliferation, Adhesion and Invasion of Acute Myeloid Leukemic Cells
Authors: Haiping Dai, Guohua Zhu, Qun Shen, Lili Wu, Qian Wang, Qinrong Wang, Lijun Wen, Hong Yao, Huiying Qiu, Suning Chen, Depei Wu
Journal: Blood (2016)
Cancer and Central Nervous System Tumor Surveillance in Pediatric Neurofibromatosis 1
Authors: D. Gareth R. Evans, Hector Salvador, Vivian Y. Chang, Ayelet Erez, Stephan D. Voss, Kami Wolfe Schneider, Hamish S. Scott, Sharon E. Plon, Uri Tabori
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2017)

Although the neurofibromatoses consist of at least three autosomal dominantly inherited disorders, neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2), and schwannomatosis, NF1 represents a multisystem pleiotropic condition very different from the other two. NF1 is a genetic syndrome first manifesting in childhood; affecting multiple organs, childhood development, and neurocognitive status; and presenting the clinician with often complex management decisions that require a multidisciplinary approach. Molecular genetic testing (see article for detailed discussion) is recommended to confirm NF1, particularly in children fulfilling only pigmentary features of the diagnostic criteria. Although cancer risk is not the major issue facing an individual with NF1 during childhood, the condition causes significantly increased malignancy risks compared with the general population. Specifically, NF1 is associated with highly elevated risks of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, rhabdomyosarcoma, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor as well as substantial risks of noninvasive pilocytic astrocytoma, particularly optic pathway glioma (OPG), which represent a major management issue. Until 8 years of age, clinical assessment for OPG is advised every 6 to 12 months, but routine MRI assessment is not currently advised in asymptomatic individuals with NF1 and no signs of clinical visual pathway disturbance. Routine surveillance for other malignancies is not recommended, but clinicians and parents should be aware of the small risks (<1%) of certain specific individual malignancies (e.g., rhabdomyosarcoma). Tumors do contribute to both morbidity and mortality, especially later in life. A single whole-body MRI should be considered at transition to adulthood to assist in determining approaches to long-term follow-up. Clin Cancer Res; 23(12); e46-e53. ©2017 AACRSee all articles in the online-only CCR Pediatric Oncology Series.
An Interrupted Time Series Analysis to Determine the Effect of an Electronic Health Record–Based Intervention on Appropriate Screening for Type 2 Diabetes in Urban Primary Care Clinics in New York City
Authors: Jeanine B. Albu, Nancy Sohler, Rui Li, Xuan Li, Edwin Young, Edward W. Gregg, Dennis Ross-Degnan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of a health system–wide primary care diabetes management system, which included targeted guidelines for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and prediabetes (dysglycemia) screening, on detection of previously undiagnosed dysglycemia cases. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Intervention included electronic health record (EHR)–based decision support and standardized providers and staff training for using the American Diabetes Association guidelines for dysglycemia screening. Using EHR data, we identified 40,456 adults without T2DM or recent screening with a face-to-face visit (March 2011–December 2013) in five urban clinics. Interrupted time series analyses examined the impact of the intervention on trends in three outcomes: 1) monthly proportion of eligible patients receiving dysglycemia testing, 2) two negative comparison conditions (dysglycemia testing among ineligible patients and cholesterol screening), and 3) yield of undiagnosed dysglycemia among those tested. RESULTS Baseline monthly proportion of eligible patients receiving testing was 7.4–10.4%. After the intervention, screening doubled (mean increase + 11.0% [95% CI 9.0, 13.0], proportion range 18.6–25.3%). The proportion of ineligible patients tested also increased (+5.0% [95% CI 3.0, 8.0]) with no concurrent change in cholesterol testing (+0% [95% CI −0.02, 0.05]). About 59% of test results in eligible patients showed dysglycemia both before and after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Implementation of a policy for systematic dysglycemia screening including formal training and EHR templates in urban academic primary care clinics resulted in a doubling of appropriate testing and the number of patients who could be targeted for treatment to prevent or delay T2DM.
Les risques précoces de l'ampullectomie endoscopique. Résultats d'une étude prospective multicentrique
Authors: R Gincoul, B Napoléon, JJ Scoazec, J Escourrou, J Boyer, M Barthet, JM Canard, T Ponchon, P Ponsot, J Saurin, JF Bretagne, S Société Francaise d'Endoscopie Digestive
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Les lésions néoplasiques ampullaires sont découvertes de plus ou plus souvent à un stade précoce. L'ampullectomie endoscopique pourrait s'imposer comme leur traitement de référence. Les séries de la littérature concernant les risques de cette technique sont rares et rétrospectives. La première étude prospective multicentrique est en cours en France (SFED). Nous présentons les résultats préliminaires des complications à un mois.
Total Family Unit Helicobacter Pylori Eradication and Paediatric Re-Infection
Authors: S Farrell, JL Murphy, SA Wootton, WA McCallion
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (HP) re-infection occurs more frequently in children than in adults, e.g. 5.4% vs. 0.36% per patient per year (1;2). We investigated whether eradication of HP from family members reduces the risk of childhood re-infection.
T-Cell Depleted HLA-Haploidentical Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (haplo-HSCT) Followed By Donor Lymphocyte Infusion with T Cells Transduced with the Inducible Caspase 9 (iC9) Suicide Gene in Children with Hematological Malignancies
Authors: Barbarella Lucarelli, Alice Bertaina, Pietro Merli, Concetta Quintarelli, Daniela Pende, Michela Falco, Maria Giuseppina Cefalo, Giuseppina Li Pira, Ignazio Caruana, Letizia Pomponia Brescia, Luisa Strocchio, Giuseppe Maria Milano, Valentina Bertaina, Matilde Sinibaldi, Mattia Algeri, Lorenzo Moretta, Joanna Stanson, Annemarie Moseley, Franco Locatelli
Journal: Blood (2016)
NLRX1 dampens oxidative stress and apoptosis in tissue injury via control of mitochondrial activity
Authors: Geurt Stokman, Lotte Kors, Pieter J. Bakker, Elena Rampanelli, Nike Claessen, Gwendoline J.D. Teske, Loes Butter, Harmen van Andel, Marius A. van den Bergh Weerman, Per W.B. Larsen, Mark C. Dessing, Coert J. Zuurbier, Stephen E. Girardin, Sandrine Florquin, Jaklien C. Leemans
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2017)

Mitochondrial dysfunction is the most prominent source of oxidative stress in acute and chronic kidney disease. NLRX1 is a receptor of the innate immune system that is ubiquitously expressed and localized in mitochondria. We investigated whether NLRX1 may act at the interface of metabolism and innate immunity in a model of oxidative stress. Using a chimeric mouse model for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, we found that NLRX1 protects against mortality, mitochondrial damage, and epithelial cell apoptosis in an oxidative stress-dependent fashion. We found that NLRX1 regulates oxidative phosphorylation and cell integrity, whereas loss of NLRX1 results in increased oxygen consumption, oxidative stress, and subsequently apoptosis in epithelial cells during ischemia-reperfusion injury. In line, we found that NLRX1 expression in human kidneys decreased during acute renal ischemic injury and acute cellular rejection. Although first implicated in immune regulation, we propose that NLRX1 function extends to the control of mitochondrial activity and prevention of oxidative stress and apoptosis in tissue injury.