tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 12056: Computational Fluid Dynamics Description of Blood Flow in a Bidirectional Glenn Shunt Supplemented With a Modified Blalock-Taussig Shunt: Relevance to Thrombosis and Power Loss
Authors: Seda Aslan, Nancy Ross-Ascuitto, Martin Guillot, Robert Ascuitto
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: A bidirectional Glenn shunt (BGS) has been supplemented with a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (BTS), to enhance growth of the pulmonary arteries (PAs). However, the hemodynamics is incompletely understood. Hypothesis: High velocity BTS flow imposed on low velocity BGS flow can create secondary currents (vortices) in the PAs conducive to clot deposition and power dissipation. Methods: We employed a computational model (Fluent) of pulsatile flow (viscosity 5 cPa-s), using the finite volume method, and a schematic representation of a BGS with a BTS, to determine velocity field, wall shear stress (WSS) and power (W) efficiency (PE). The region studied included the internal jugular, subclavian and innominate veins, BGS (12.5 mm), BTS (4 mm) and PAs (9 mm). Vessel sizes and flow rates were derived from reported values. Flow rates were fixed at the inlet of the veins, and in the BGS was 1L/min. Aortic pressure (82/42 mmHg) was used at the inlet to the BTS, and a mean pressure (12 mmHg) at the outlets of the PAs. Results: Fig 1 shows velocity magnitude at peak systole. The BTS jet (red) enters the LPA, where it gives rise to dissipative counter-rotating velocity fields, which augment local WSS. Fig (2) shows the velocity fields (arrows) in cross-sectional planes where the BGS and BTS connect to the PAs. The high WSS (350 Pa) is sufficient (&gt; 100 Pa) to initiate platelet aggregation leading to thrombus formation. PE (1-W loss /W in ) for the BGS alone was 97%; whereas, with the BTS it decreased to 29%. The BTS increased BGS pressure, 12.3 to 14.0 mmHg. Conclusion: Supplementing a BGS with a BTS can: 1) elevate BGS pressure, 2) create regions at risk for thrombus formation and 3) worsen power loss.
Cochrane examines whether lead author of HPV review had undeclared conflicts of interest
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2018)

The Cochrane Collaboration has asked its expert committee on financial links to consider whether the lead author of the review into the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, Marc Arbyn of the Belgian Cancer Centre in Brussels, fully disclosed any conflicts of interest.

The review, which found the vaccines to be effective and safe, has been the subject of complaints that it failed to include all relevant trials or to make clear their possible sources of bias. Cochrane has rejected the criticism, saying that only five trials were omitted and that including them would have made no difference to the review’s conclusions.

In the declaration of interests Arbyn said that he had received travel grants from Sanofi-Pasteur-MSD and GlaxoSmithKline and that …
Abstract 13921: Comparative Analysis of Long-Term Survival Following Aortic Valve Replacement in Children: A Study From the Pediatric Cardiac Care Consortium
Authors: Amber Leila Sarvestani, Jessica Knight, Noor Alshami, Chizitam Francis Ibezim, Omar Qayum, Elizabeth Turk, Stephen Simon, James St. Louis, Geetha Raghuveer, Lazaros K Kochilas
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Aortic valve replacement (AVR) is frequently needed for congenital and acquired aortic valve abnormalities. AVR creates a life-long disease and long-term outcomes may be affected by the...
Framework for Faculty Development in Resident Autonomy and Entrustment in the Operating Room
Authors: Xiaodong (Phoenix) Chen, Amalia Cochran, John L. Dalrymple
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Increased surface expression of NOTCH on memory T cells in peripheral blood from patients with asthma
Authors: Irma Tindemans, Heleen Vroman, Melanie Lukkes, Menno van Nimwegen, Marjolein J.W. de Bruijn, Bobby W.S. Li, Alex Kleinjan, Geertje M. de Boer, Gerdien A. Tramper-Stranders, Mirjam Kool, Gert-Jan Braunstahl, Rudi W. Hendriks
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Abstract P029: Racial Differences in Sudden Cardiac Death: Findings From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC)
Authors: Di Zhao, Eliseo Guallar, Elena Blasco-Colmenares, Nona Sotoodehnia, Wendy Post
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: In hospital-based studies and in studies of participants with pre-existing conditions, African Americans have a higher risk of in- and out-of-hospital sudden cardiac death (SCD) compared with Whites. However, the risk of SCD of African Americans and Whites has never been compared in large-scale community-based cohort studies. Objective: To compare the risk of SCD among African Americans and Whites, and to evaluate the risk factors that may explain racial differences in incidence. Methods: Cohort study of 3,838 African Americans and 11,245 Whites participating in ARIC. Race was self-reported. SCD cases were defined as a sudden pulseless condition from a cardiac cause in a previously stable individual and adjudicated by an expert committee. Mediation effect of covariates was calculated using boot-strapping method. Cox proportional hazards models were adjusted for demographics, social economic status, cardiovascular (CVD), and electrocardiographic risk factors. Results: The mean (SD) age was 53.6 (5.8) for African Americans and 54.4 (5.7) years for Whites. During 25.3 years of follow-up, 215 African Americans and 332 Whites experienced SCD. In multivariable-adjusted models, the HRs (95% CI) for SCD comparing African Americans and Whites were 1.70 (1.37, 2.10) overall, 2.00 (1.40, 2.84) in women, and 1.46 (1.10, 1.92) in men (p-value for race by sex interaction 0.02; Table ). CVD and electrocardiographic risk factors explained 36.6% (21.4, 51.8%) of the excess risk of SCD in African Americans, with a large proportion of racial differences unexplained. Conclusions: The risk of SCD in community-dwelling African Americans was significantly higher than in Whites, particularly among women. CVD risk factors, including higher prevalence of obesity, diabetes, hypertension and LV hypertrophy in African Americans, explained only a small fraction of this difference. Further research is needed to identify factors responsible for race differences in SCD and to implement prevention strategies in high-risk minorities.
A role for CYR61 in ovarian cancer progression
Authors: Bo Zhang, Marsha A. Moses
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

1858   CYR61 is a secreted, heparin-binding, extracellular matrix-associated angiogenic inducer. We have previously shown that CYR61 is involved in ovarian angiogenesis and that its expression is also detected in ovarian cancer cells. The goal of the present study was to determine the function(s) of CYR61 in ovarian tumor angiogenesis and progression. To accomplish this, we established stable CYR61 overexpressing OVCAR-5 clones along with appropriate pCDNA3.1 vector controls. Compared to parental OVCAR-5 and vector control cells, CYR61 stable clones exhibited a loss of cell-cell contact and an irregular cell morphology. These morphological changes were accompanied by increased mRNA expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related transcription factors, Snail, Twist, and SIP1, but not of Slug. Western blotting of cell lysates demonstrated that CYR61 stable clones have significantly decreased (p
Abstract 18403: In-hospital Evaluation of Low Dose- High Frequency, Case Based Psychomotor Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training Demonstrates High Levels of Program Compliance With Good CPR Quality Metrics
Authors: Ashish R Panchal, Gregory Norton, Emily Gibbons, Ruchika Husa, David E Slattery, Michael C Kurz
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: High quality CPR is critical for survival from cardiac arrest. However, for many providers the opportunity to perform CPR, whether in a training or a clinical situation, is too infrequent to maintain proficiency. Low dose- high frequency case based simulation has been proposed as a method to maintain proficiency for low volume, high-risk medical procedures. We sought to evaluate the feasibility and compliance with a novel low dose- high frequency case based psychomotor cardiopulmonary resuscitation training at a mobile simulation station in an in-hospital setting (Resuscitation Quality Improvement™ (RQI), American Heart Association, Dallas, TX). Methods: The RQI system was piloted on two nursing units in a university teaching hospital. The Simulation station was placed in the nursing units with quarterly activities integrated into normal clinical duties. Evaluation of the system focused on staff compliance and evaluation of CPR quality metrics of compression (depth, rate, and release) and ventilations (tidal volume, rate adequacy). Descriptive statistics are presented as means with standard deviations. Results: The program was launched in October 2014 with 100 nurses enrolled. Program compliance with last quarter 2014 and first quarter 2015 were 97.1% and 97.2%, respectively. Lack of compliance was due primarily to medical leave exemptions with 1 delinquent participant per quarter. Mean compression depth was 53 ± 3 mm; mean compression rate of 110 ± 9 cpm; percent of adequate compressions of 96 ± 4%; and percent of adequate release of 99 ± 1%. Ventilation data demonstrated mean tidal volumes of 521 ± 69 ml; mean ventilation rates of 11 ± 2 bpm; and percent of adequate ventilations of 85 ± 18%. Conclusions: Low dose- high frequency case based psychomotor cardiopulmonary resuscitation training is a feasible method to enhance CPR skill retention in the hospital setting. Program compliance was high through two quarters of training. Performance metrics demonstrate high quality CPR after 2 quarters of exercises indicating CPR skill retention. Further research is necessary to evaluate skill retention over longer periods and the program’s effect on clinical outcome variables.
Systemic messenger RNA as an etiological treatment for acute intermittent porphyria
Authors: Lei Jiang, Pedro Berraondo, Daniel Jericó, Lin T. Guey, Ana Sampedro, Andrea Frassetto, Kerry E. Benenato, Kristine Burke, Eva Santamaría, Manuel Alegre, Álvaro Pejenaute, Mayur Kalariya, William Butcher, Ji-Sun Park, Xuling Zhu, Staci Sabnis, E. Sathyajith Kumarasinghe, Timothy Salerno, Matthew Kenney, Christine M. Lukacs, Matías A. Ávila, Paolo G. V. Martini, Antonio Fontanellas
Journal: Nature Medicine (2018)
Abstract 16608: Cooperative Role of Myeloperoxidase and Nox4 in the Pathogenesis of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Ha Won Kim, Mourad Ogbi, Sagar Patel, Nicole Gilreath, Yuqing Huo, David Fulton, Neal Weintraub
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Nox4 contributes to the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), but the mechanisms remain to be determined. Unlike other Nox enzymes, Nox4 is a high-output producer of H2O2, ...
Cognitive Impairment Among Older Patients With Hematologic Cancers—Reply
Authors: Tammy T. Hshieh, Jane A. Driver, Gregory A. Abel
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
DEAD Box Protein 5 Inhibits Liver Tumorigenesis by Stimulating Autophagy via Interaction with p62/SQSTM1
Authors: Hao Zhang, Yanqiu Zhang, Xiaoyun Zhu, Chen Chen, Chao Zhang, Yuanzheng Xia, Yucheng Zhao, Ourania Andrisani, Lingyi Kong
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), dysregulated expression of DDX5 (DEAD box protein 5) and impaired autophagy have been reported separately. However, the relationship between them has not been explored. Here we present evidence to show that, by interacting with autophagic receptor p62, DDX5 promotes autophagy and suppresses tumorigenesis. DDX5 inversely correlated with p62/sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) expression in hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐associated and non‐HBV‐associated HCCs. Patients with low DDX5 expression showed poor prognosis after tumor resection. We found that DDX5 overexpression induced, while DDX5 knockdown attenuated, autophagic flux in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. DDX5 promoted p62 degradation and markedly reduced the half‐life of p62. Moreover, DDX5 overexpression dramatically reduced, while DDX5 knockdown promoted, cancer cell growth and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo . We found that DDX5 bound to p62 and interfered with p62/TRAF6 (tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 6) interaction. Further findings revealed that the N‐terminal domain of DDX5, involved in the interaction with p62, was sufficient to induce autophagy independent of its RNA binding and helicase activity. DDX5 overexpression decreased p62/TRAF6‐mediated lysine 63‐linked ubiquitination of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and subsequently inhibited the mTOR signaling pathway. Knockdown of TRAF6 blocked DDX5‐induced autophagy. Furthermore, we showed that miR‐17‐5p downregulated DDX5 and impaired autophagy. Inhibition of miR‐17‐5p promoted autophagic flux and suppressed tumor growth in HCC xenograft models. Conclusion: Our findings define a noncanonical pathway that links miR‐17‐5p, DDX5, p62/TRAF6, autophagy, and HCC. These findings open an avenue for the treatment of HCC.
Abstract 20771: Occult Structural Disease in Patients With Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Daniel A Gerber, Ann M Dubin, Scott R Ceresnak, Kara S Motonaga, Kyla Dunn, Colleen Caleshu, Allysonne Smith, Mary Jackson, Marco V Perez
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a malignant genetic disorder of adrenergically-mediated polymorphic ventricular arrhythmias. Traditionally, it has been characterized by absence of structural heart disease. Recent case reports have linked CPVT due to exon 3 deletions in the ryanodine receptor (RYR2) gene to left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC). Hypothesis: We hypothesized that structural heart disease would be evident on cardiac MRI in patients with clinically confirmed CPVT, despite normal echocardiograms. Methods: We performed a retrospective observational analysis of families with CPVT, followed by the Stanford Inherited Arrhythmia Clinic, who had normal echocardiograms. Medical records, cardiac MRIs ordered for clinical indications, and genetic testing results were reviewed. Results: Of 13 patients identified with CPVT, 10 had bidirectional or polymorphic ventricular ectopy on treadmill testing and 69% (9 patients) had suffered an aborted cardiac arrest. G...
Cost-effectiveness of zoledronic acid (ZOL) in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer receiving adjuvant letrozole.
Authors: Mei Xue, Peter Fishman, Marc Botteman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

553 Background: In the ZO-FAST trial, postmenopausal women with early breast cancer and a bone mineral density (BMD) T-score ≥ –2 and receiving adjuvant letrozole (2.5 mg/day) were randomized to either immediate ZOL (4 mg/6 months) treatment (upfront ZOL) or to the same therapy but only when BMD T-score decreased to &lt; –2 or fracture occurrence (delayed ZOL). After 60 months, upfront ZOL increased both BMD and disease-free survival (P &lt; .05) relative to delayed ZOL. The present analysis assessed, from a US payer perspective, the cost effectiveness of upfront ZOL vs delayed ZOL in this population. Methods: A Markov state-transition model was developed to estimate the lifetime costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) for a hypothetical cohort of postmenopausal women with early breast cancer receiving letrozole with upfront or delayed ZOL. Consistent with ZO-FAST, patients were 57 years of age and breast cancer recurrence-free at baseline. Patients could progress over time to Local Recurrence, Contra-lateral Tumor, Distant Recurrence, or Death. Transition probabilities were derived from ZO-FAST, supplemented with literature. Costs and utilities were literature based. All outcomes were discounted 3% per year. Results: Compared to delayed ZOL, upfront ZOL resulted in better overall survival, disease-free survival, and QALYs, but at a higher cost (Table). In the base case, the incremental cost/QALY gained with upfront vs delayed ZOL was $7,967. In &gt; 95% of 1,000 probabilistic sensitivity analysis runs, upfront ZOL costs less than $38,376/QALY gained. Conclusions: Upfront ZOL may increase survival and QALY and, at a cost per QALY well under the $50,000/QALY threshold, is very cost-effective in this population. [Table: see text]
Ropeginterferon alpha-2b targets JAK2V617F-positive polycythemia vera cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Emmanuelle Verger, Juliette Soret-Dulphy, Nabih Maslah, Lydia Roy, Jerome Rey, Zineb Ghrieb, Robert Kralovics, Heinz Gisslinger, Barbara Grohmann-Izay, Christoph Klade, Christine Chomienne, Stéphane Giraudier, Bruno Cassinat, Jean-Jacques Kiladjian
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2018)

Abstract Polycythemia vera is characterized by the acquisition of the JAK2V617F mutation. Recommended treatments include hydroxyurea and interferon-alpha. Several groups have reported a reduction in the JAK2 mutant allele burden in interferon-treated patients, but significance of this observation is questioned. We characterized the activity of ropeginterferon alpha-2b, a novel form of interferon-alpha recently shown to be safe and efficacious in polycythemia vera. Ropeginterferon was able to inhibit the proliferation of the HEL, UKE-1, and UT-7 JAK2-mutant cell lines while sparing JAK2-wild-type UT-7 and normal CD34+ cells growth. In vitro treatment of erythroid progenitors derived from PV patients showed that ropeginterferon could considerably inhibit the growth of endogenous erythroid colonies, a hallmark of polycythemia vera. Finally, we could study in sequential samples the clonal architecture of erythroid progenitors derived from patients included in a randomized study comparing hydroxyurea to ropeginterferon. After 1 year of treatment with ropeginterferon, the ratio of JAK2 -mutated to wild-type colonies grown from bone marrow progenitors was reduced by 64%, compared to 25% in patients receiving hydroxyurea. This study shows that ropeginterferon has a potent targeted activity against JAK2 -mutant cells and is able to drastically reduce the proportion of malignant progenitors in patients treated with this drug.
Disclosures Can Always Be Improved
Authors: Myrna M. Weissman
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Abstract 17640: Glucose Metabolism is Essential for Platelet Function
Authors: Trevor P Fidler, Trevor Funari, Nicholas G Dunne, Robert A Campbell, Andrew S Weyrich, E. Dale Abel
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Upon activation, platelets utilize stored glycogen, increase glucose uptake, glycolysis and glucose oxidation. Moreover, platelets incubated under hyperglycemic conditions and platelets isolated fr...
Abstract 16620: Enhancing transplanted Cardiac Progenitor Cells homing and survival in Ischemic Heart By CRISPR-dcas9/sgRNA-based Endogenous CXCR4 Promoter Activation
Authors: Youngjun Li, Genshan Ma, Neal Weintraub, Yaoliang Tang
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) therapy is promising for repairing the damaged heart, limited stem cell survivability post-transplantation has precluded widespread use of this therapy. Recent reports indicate that interactions between the CXC chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) critically mediate the ischemia-induced recruitment of bone marrow-derived circulating stem/progenitor cells, but the expression of CXCR4 in cardiac progenitor cells is very low. Strategies to overexpress CXCR4 genes in CPC have been shown to improve the survival of donor cells within the ischemic myocardium. The CRISPR/dCas9-VP64/sgRNA activation system (CAS), was recently developed as a simple and efficient method in activation of endogenous loci by targeting their promoter region in mammalian cells. With single guide chimeric RNA's (sgRNA) targeting proximal promoter region of CXCR4, we found that the CAS activation system can upregulate protein level of endogenous CXCR4 gene expression about 140 fold by qRT-PCR. The CAS -CXCR4 improves CPC response to SDF-1 induced migration and survival against H2O2 induced oxidative stress. Half million CAS-Control or CAS-CXCR4 CPC were intramyocardially injected into the peri-infarction zone after myocardial infarction (MI) induced by left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation in mice. The CAS- CXCR4 gene modification improved CPC survival by bioluminescence imaging (BLI), and CAS-CXCR4 CPC also exhibited improved left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) at 3 wk after MI (n=6, P&lt;0.05). Our results demonstrate that activation of endogenous CXCR4 expression by CRISPR/dCas9-VP64 activation system using sgRNA is very effective in improving homing and survival of donor CPC, and attenuate cardiomyopathy after MI.