tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
慢性心不全患者における持続性低ナトリウム血症の予後的重要性:心臓I-123メタヨードベンジルグアニジンイメージングとの予後比較研究
Authors: Seo Masahiro, Yamada Takahisa, Morita Takashi, Furukawa Yoshio, Tamaki Shunsuke, Iwasaki Yusuke, Kawasaki Masato, Kikuchi Atsushi, Kondou Takumi, Ishimi Masashi, Hakui Hideyuki, Ozaki Tatsuhisa, Sato Yoshihiro, Ikeda Iyo, Fukuhara Eiji, Fukunami Masatake
Journal: Circulation (2016)
Rapid detection of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> in sputum with a solvatochromic trehalose probe
Authors: Mireille Kamariza, Peyton Shieh, Christopher S. Ealand, Julian S. Peters, Brian Chu, Frances P. Rodriguez-Rivera, Mohammed R. Babu Sait, William V. Treuren, Neil Martinson, Rainer Kalscheuer, Bavesh D. Kana, Carolyn R. Bertozzi
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2018)

A solvatochromic trehalose dye conjugate allows the fast and specific detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples.
Implementation science takes baby steps in infants with bronchiolitis
Authors: Steve Cunningham, Hilary Pinnock
Journal: Thorax (2018)

Bronchiolitis, the annual winter endemic of acute viral lower respiratory tract illness in infants, is challenging for hospitals with overfull paediatric wards, for general practitioners worried about not spotting the infant at risk and for sleep-deprived parents looking after a sick child. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Bronchiolitis guideline, published in 2015,1 highlights ‘red flags’ and lists ineffective treatments which ‘should not be used’, citing abundant clinical trials.

In this journal, Carande and colleagues2 gauge the effect of the guideline publication on management in general practice. There were some shifts towards better practice in the (self-selected) general practitioner (GP) respondents, though improvement was incremental rather than transformational, as is common to new guidelines.3

Nearly three-quarters of respondents routinely used oximetry for the assessment of a child with acute bronchiolitis. Measuring oxygen saturation with an age-appropriate device has been widely promoted as essential in the assessment of patients of any age with acute lower …
The Return of Fear: Variation of the Serotonin Transporter Gene Predicts Outcome of a Highly Standardized Exposure-Based One-Session Fear Treatment
Authors: André Wannemüller, Dirk Moser, Robert Kumsta, Hans-Peter Jöhren, Jürgen Margraf
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2018)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Methodological problems of existing research, such as the application of unstandardized treatments in heterogeneous samples, has hampered clear conclusions about the extent and direction to which allelic variation of the serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5- HTTLPR) is associated with a differential response to psychological treatment. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the 5-HTTLPR genotype on treatment outcome under highly standardized environmental conditions. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; We treated 222 medication-free adults highly fearful of spiders, dental surgeries or blood, injuries and injections with a highly standardized exposure-based 1-session treatment and genotyped them for the 5-HTTLPR. Participants' subjective fear was assessed before, immediately after treatment and at 7 months of follow-up. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; There were no differences between 5-HTTLPR genotypes in treatment outcome effects at the immediate posttreatment assessment. However, we observed a highly significant genotype × treatment effect (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.004) at the 7-month follow-up. Fear levels of homozygous S allele carriers differed from those heterozygous (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.026) and homozygous (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.012) for the L allele. Compared to posttreatment assessment, LL allele carriers exhibited a further fear decrease at the follow-up assessment. In contrast, SS allele carriers displayed a strong return of fear. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Results suggest that genetic variation of the serotonin transporter is associated with differential stability of inhibitory learning processes, potentially reflecting heightened susceptibility for context-related processes that facilitate a return of fear in S allele carriers. If replicated, results suggest the 5-HTTLPR might represent a biomarker for the long-term outcome of brief exposure-based fear treatments and might inform genotype-based selection of psychotherapeutic interventions.
P103 Pro-fibrotic responses induced by thymic stromal lymphopoetin
Authors: L Wang, S Wang, V Taneja, R Vassallo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Registration status</h3> I still need to register to EWRR <h3>Introduction</h3> Thymic Stromal Lymphopoetin (TSLP) is a T helper-2 (Th2) cytokine that may be an important regulator of tissue fibrosis.<sup>1</sup> Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)-associated interstitial lung disease is a fibrotic extra-articular complication associated with dysregulated adaptive immunity in the lung. In a recent study – Vassallo <i>et al. Clin Immunol</i> 2014;152(1–2):25–35 – we reported increased TSLP mRNA levels in the lungs of cigarette smoke-exposed, collagen induced arthritis mice with a DQ8 background.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of this study was to explore direct molecular mechanisms by which TSLP induces fibrogenesis. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed in vitro studies with human lung fibroblasts (Lonza) incubated with recombinant human TSLP (R&amp;D Systems, 0–10 ng/ml) and determined TSLP-induced proliferation using a CyQuant assay, as well as collagen and fibronectin gene expression. We also investigated signaling intermediates activated by TSLP utilizing a Signal Transduction and Activator of Transcription (STAT)1–6 ELISA assay on lysates generated from TSLP stimulated fibroblasts at varying time points. <h3>Results</h3> Human lung fibroblasts proliferate directly in response to TSLP with concentrations ≥1 ng/ml inducing a significant proliferative response compared with controls. TSLP also induced fibronectin and collagen gene expression in lung fibroblasts. Incubation with TSLP induced phosphorylation of STAT-1 and STAT-3: phosphorylation of STAT-2, as well as 4–6 was not observed. Phosphorylation of STAT-1 and 3 were observed within 30 minutes of incubation with TSLP (10 ng/ml). <h3>Conclusions</h3> These in vitro studies demonstrate that fibroblasts are directly responsive to recombinant human TSLP which induces proliferation and matrix generation, potentially through activation of STAT-1 and 3. These observations further support a role for TSLP as a regulator of tissue fibrosis in the lung, and suggest a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of autoimmunity related fibrosis. <h3>References</h3> . Datta A, Alexander R, Sulikowski MG, Nicholson AG, Maher TM, Scotton CJ, Chambers RC. Evidence for a functional thymic stromal lymphopoietin signaling axis in fibrotic lung disease. <i>J Immunol</i> November 1 2013;191(9):4867–79. . Vassallo R, Luckey D, Behrens M, Madden B, Luthra H, David C, Taneja V. Cellular and humoral immunity in arthritis are profoundly influenced by the interaction between cigarette smoke effects and host HLA-DR and DQ genes. <i>Clin Immunol</i> May–June 2014;152(1–2):25–35. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> L. Wang: None declared, S. Wang: None declared, V. Taneja : None declared, R. Vassallo Grant/research support from: Pfizer and Bristol Myers Squibb
Surgical Experience in Two Multicenter, Open-Label Phase 3 Studies of Emicizumab in Persons with Hemophilia A with Inhibitors (HAVEN 1 and HAVEN 2)
Authors: Rebecca Kruse-Jarres, Michael U. Callaghan, Stacy E. Croteau, Victor Jimenez-Yuste, Liane Khoo, Ri Liesner, Tadashi Matsushita, Michael Recht, Guy Young, Tiffany Chang, Christophe Dhalluin, Yunming Mu, Jin Xu, Jenny Devenport, Richard H. Ko, Paul Solari, Johannes Oldenburg
Journal: Blood (2017)
Loss of E-cadherin Enhances IGF1–IGF1R Pathway Activation and Sensitizes Breast Cancers to Anti-IGF1R/InsR Inhibitors
Authors: Alison M. Nagle, Kevin M. Levine, Nilgun Tasdemir, Julie A. Scott, Kara Burlbaugh, Justin Kehm, Tiffany A. Katz, David N. Boone, Britta M. Jacobsen, Jennifer M. Atkinson, Steffi Oesterreich, Adrian V. Lee
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Purpose: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling regulates breast cancer initiation and progression and associated cancer phenotypes. We previously identified E-cadherin (CDH1) as a repressor of IGF1 signaling and in this study examined how loss of E-cadherin affects IGF1R signaling and response to anti-IGF1R/insulin receptor (InsR) therapies in breast cancer. Experimental Design: Breast cancer cell lines were used to assess how altered E-cadherin levels regulate IGF1R signaling and response to two anti-IGF1R/InsR therapies. In situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) was used to define interaction between IGF1R and E-cadherin. TCGA RNA-seq and RPPA data were used to compare IGF1R/InsR activation in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) tumors. ER+ ILC cell lines and xenograft tumor explant cultures were used to evaluate efficacy to IGF1R pathway inhibition in combination with endocrine therapy. Results: Diminished functional E-cadherin increased both activation of IGF1R signaling and efficacy to anti-IGF1R/InsR therapies. PLA demonstrated a direct endogenous interaction between IGF1R and E-cadherin at points of cell–cell contact. Increased expression of IGF1 ligand and levels of IGF1R/InsR phosphorylation were observed in E-cadherin–deficient ER+ ILC compared with IDC tumors. IGF1R pathway inhibitors were effective in inhibiting growth in ER+ ILC cell lines and synergized with endocrine therapy and similarly IGF1R/InsR inhibition reduced proliferation in ILC tumor explant culture. Conclusions: We provide evidence that loss of E-cadherin hyperactivates the IGF1R pathway and increases sensitivity to IGF1R/InsR targeted therapy, thus identifying the IGF1R pathway as a potential novel target in E-cadherin–deficient breast cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 24(20); 5165–77. ©2018 AACR.
Poses de gastrostomies endoscopiques percutanées sous anesthésie locale
Authors: N Flori, P Senesse, A Fallieres
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Les gastrostomies sont fréquemment indiquées en cancérologie, que ce soit chez les patients dénutris, ou à visée prophylactique chez des patients qui vont bénéficier d'une radio-chimiothérapie pour les tumeurs des voies aérodigestives supérieures. Lorsqu'il y a une contre indication à une anesthésie générale, ou à la demande du patient, nous mettons en place ces sondes sous anesthésie locale par voie endoscopique, à l'aide d'un nasofibroscope. Nous rapportons ici notre expérience en termes de faisabilité et de tolérance pour le patient.
Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Improves Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes and Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Jeevan Nagendran, Sabin J. Bozso, Colleen M. Norris, Finlay A. McAlister, Jehangir J. Appoo, Michael C. Moon, Darren H. Freed, Jayan Nagendran
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Investigating the Role of Staphylococcal Biofilms in the Pathogenesis of Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Tammy Gonzalez, Asel Baatyrbek-kyzy, Heidi Andersen, David B. Haslam, Jocelyn M. Biagini Myers, Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey, Andrew B. Herr
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation After PCI or CABG for Left Main Disease
Authors: Ioanna Kosmidou, Shmuel Chen, A. Pieter Kappetein, Patrick W. Serruys, Bernard J. Gersh, John D. Puskas, David E. Kandzari, David P. Taggart, Marie-Claude Morice, Paweł E. Buszman, Andrzej Bochenek, Erick Schampaert, Pierre Pagé, Joseph F. Sabik, Thomas McAndrew, Björn Redfors, Ori Ben-Yehuda, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Prediagnosis Use of Statins Associates With Increased Survival Times of Patients With Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Tsuyoshi Hamada, Natalia Khalaf, Chen Yuan, Vicente Morales-Oyarvide, Ana Babic, Jonathan A. Nowak, Zhi Rong Qian, Kimmie Ng, Douglas A. Rubinson, Peter Kraft, Edward L. Giovannucci, Meir J. Stampfer, Charles S. Fuchs, Shuji Ogino, Brian M. Wolpin
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2018)
Cellular senescence in brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases: evidence and perspectives
Authors: Darren J. Baker, Ronald C. Petersen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

Along with a general decline in overall health, most chronic degenerative human diseases are inherently associated with increasing age. Age-associated cognitive impairments and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, are potentially debilitating conditions that lack viable options for treatment, resulting in a tremendous economic and societal cost. Most high-profile clinical trials for neurodegenerative diseases have led to inefficacious results, suggesting that novel approaches to treating these pathologies are needed. Numerous recent studies have demonstrated that senescent cells, which are characterized by sustained cell cycle arrest and production of a distinct senescence-associated secretory phenotype, accumulate with age and at sites of age-related diseases throughout the body, where they actively promote tissue deterioration. Cells with features of senescence have been detected in the context of brain aging and neurodegenerative disease, suggesting that they may also promote dysfunction. Here, we discuss the evidence implicating senescent cells in neurodegenerative diseases, the mechanistic contribution of these cells that may actively drive neurodegeneration, and how these cells or their effects may be targeted therapeutically.
Examining the Incidence and Presentation of Melanoma in the Cardiothoracic Transplant Population
Authors: Charles J. Puza, Adela R. Cardones, Paul J. Mosca
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

The immunosuppression vital to maintaining transplanted organs comes with an increased incidence of cutaneous neoplasms. Understanding the genesis of malignant melanoma (MM) in transplant subpopulations is necessary for adequate disease surveillance.To determine the incidence and timing of presentation of MM in the cardiothoracic (heart and/or lung) transplant (CTT) population.This was a retrospective cohort study of 1164 patients who underwent a CTT from 2001 through 2016 with a median follow-up time of 4.3 years. The study was performed at a single academic, tertiary referral center. The retrospective database was used to identify 1164 patients who underwent a CTT at Duke University Hospital from 2001 to 2016. Ten patients were excluded from the study owing to a history of MM, resulting in 1154 patients in the study. Five patients who developed MM after CTT were identified.Exposures included tacrolimus, prednisone, and mycophenolate mofetil.The primary outcome measurement was the MM incidence. Secondary outcomes included time to diagnosis and survival.Five of 1154 patients who underwent a CTT (0.4%) developed biopsy-proven MM at a median follow-up time of 4.3 years after transplantation at a median age of 64.5 years (range, 31.0-74.0 years). Of the 1154 patients, 923 (80%) were men. Their mean (SD) age range was 63.8 years (27.2-68.2 years). Four patients (80%) presented with stage I disease while 1 (20%) presented with stage IV disease at a median time of 2.5 years (range, 0.1-5.3 years) after transplant compared with a median time of 6.2 years (range, 0.9-8.7 years) in Duke University's renal transplant population at a median follow-up time of 6.6 years. Two patients died after transplant, 1 owing to complications of the transplant and 1 owing to metastatic MM.Representing one of the largest reported studies of patients with CTT developing MM, our findings suggest that the CTT population experiences an incidence of MM similar to that of other solid organ transplant recipients and with a median of 2.5 years from transplant to melanoma diagnosis. While the small scale of our study prevents far-reaching conclusions, further study is warranted to better understand the incidence, timing, and clinical ramifications of melanomagenesis in the CTT population.
Interêt de l'endomicroscopie confocale dans la détection des lesions prénéoplasiques chez des patients porteurs de gastrite chronique atrophique
Authors: H Davy, L Widad, J Auzoux, B Anon, C Takoudju, M Caulet, T Lecomte, A Aubourg, L Picon, JP Barbieux, S Guyetant, D Moussata
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

La gastrite chronique atrophique (GCA) est un facteur de risque de cancer gastrique selon une séquence carcinologique bien établie incluant la métaplasie intestinale (MI) et la dysplasie. Ainsi, il est recommandé un suivi endoscopique régulier en utilisant la chromoendoscopie (CE). Parmi les autres techniques endoscopiques, l'endomicroscopie confocale (EMC) permet d'augmenter le rendement diagnostique des biopsies grâce à l'analyse histologique en temps réel de la muqueuse. Le but de notre étude est d'évaluer la place de l'EMC dans la détection des lésions pré-néoplasiques chez des patients porteurs de GCA.
Hypersensitivity reaction to corticosteroids
Authors: Orlando Trevisan Neto, Janaina Michelle Lima Melo, Mariana Paes Leme Ferriani, Thais Nociti De Mendonca, Ullissis Padua De Menezes, Débora Corazza Biazin, Julianne Alves Machado, Leilane Hoffman Nogueira, Luisa Karla P. Arruda
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Radiofréquence pancréatique sous guidage écho endoscopique: comparaison préclinique de deux dispositifs
Authors: M Barret, S Leblanc, A Rouquette, S Chaussade, B Terris, F Prat
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Les indications cliniques potentielles de la radiofréquence pancréatique sont multiples, depuis le traitement des lésions kystiques à la destruction de petites lésions tissulaires ou à la cytoréduction d'adénocarcinomes pancréatiques avancés. Deux systèmes sont actuellement disponibles pour l'ablation par radiofréquence pancréatique sous guidage échoendoscopique. L'un utilise une électrode introduite à travers une aiguille de ponction échoguidée et un générateur conventionnel, et l'autre une électrode de radiofréquence intégrée à une aiguille de ponction spécifique, fonctionnant avec un générateur dédié. Cependant, les données issues de modèles animaux sont rares.
Risk of thromboembolic events in patients treated with thalidomide for cutaneous lupus erythematosus: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Elise Cesbron, Didier Bessis, Marie Jachiet, Dan Lipsker, Nadège Cordel, Jean-David Bouaziz, Martine Bagot, Laurent Arnaud, Annick Barbaud, Camille Francès, François Chasset
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2018)
Psychosocial effects of the relaxation response resiliency program (SMART-3RP) in patients with MGUS and smoldering multiple myeloma: A waitlist controlled randomized clinical trial.
Authors: John W. Denninger, Jacob P. Laubach, Andrew Jenho Yee, Elizabeth O'Donnell, Eric A. Macklin, Giselle Katiria Perez, Lara N. Traeger, Emma Chad-Friedman, Jacqueline Proszynski, Jolene Jacquart, Roberta Goldman, Eric Riklin, Halsey Niles, Emily M. Nehrt, Deanna C. Chaukos, Paul G. Richardson, Noopur S. Raje, Gregory L. Fricchione, Elyse R. Park, Herbert Benson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

10051 Background: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) are asymptomatic clonal precursors to multiple myeloma, a hematological malignancy. Because observation is currently the standard of care, a diagnosis of MGUS or SMM can be associated with stress and worry about progression. We evaluated the efficacy of the evidence-based mind-body intervention, the Stress Management and Resiliency Training: Relaxation Response Resiliency Program (SMART-3RP) in reducing distress and stress reactivity in patients with MGUS and SMM. Methods: In participants diagnosed with intermediate or high risk MGUS or SMM, this randomized, waitlist controlled trial (Oct 2013 – Sep 2016) assessed distress (10-point scale) as the primary outcome and perceived stress (PSS-10), stress reactivity (MOCS-A), and mindfulness (FFMQ) as secondary outcomes and hypothesized mediators of distress reduction. We collected self-report measures at enrollment (T1), 3 months (T2), and 6 months (T3). The immediate treatment arm received the 8-session, 1.5 hour/week SMART-3RP group intervention from T1 to T2 and continued practicing skills from T2 to T3; the waitlist arm received the intervention from T2 to T3. Results: 93 participants (59% women) diagnosed with MGUS (n = 49) or SMM (n = 44) were randomized to immediate treatment (n = 45) or waitlist (n = 48). In an ITT analysis of immediate SMART-3RP vs. waitlist (T1-T2), we found significantly greater improvement in distress (-1.4 vs. -0.3, p = .04) and stress reactivity (0.39 vs. 0.02, p &lt; .001), but not perceived stress (-3.9 vs. -2.2, p = .12) or mindfulness (2.4 vs. -0.1, p = .17). Improvements in stress reactivity were maintained for the immediate treatment group (T2-T3), but only partially for distress. Conclusions: The SMART-3RP, compared to waitlist, reduced distress in participants with intermediate or high-risk MGUS and SMM, with improvements in stress reactivity as a primary mediator of distress reduction. Participants strongly endorsed the intervention’s ability to enhance coping and reduce distress. Clinical trial information: NCT01955395.
Drug companies are starting to tackle antimicrobial resistance but could do more, report shows
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Just two of 28 new antibiotics in development have adequate stewardship and access provisions in place, a review of the drug industry’s progress on tackling antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has found.1

The antimicrobial resistance benchmark review, conducted by the Access to Medicine Foundation, looks at the 30 most active players in antimicrobial development. The benchmark includes drug multinationals, biotechnology companies, and manufacturers of generic medicine. It ranks companies on a range of indicators, including research and development; manufacturing and production, which includes measures on environmental protection; and access and stewardship (encouraging appropriate use of the drugs).

The report found that drug companies are taking steps to combat …
Case for the specialised sports physical therapist to be an essential part of professional athlete care: letter from America no. 1
Authors: Donald S Strack, Cameron W MacDonald, Erwin Benedict Valencia, Michael Davison
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

Within the US healthcare system, the role of the physical therapist (PT) is expanding to include direct care of the professional athlete. In this editorial, we use the terms physical therapist and physiotherapist as equivalents depending on whether we are referring to the USA ( physical therapist ) or other parts of the world ( physiotherapist ). We exclude Ireland where terms ‘physiotherapist’ and ‘physical therapist’ are not protected.1 PTs are becoming more prominent in the professional sporting environment in the USA, working alongside certified athletic trainers (ATC), strength and conditioning specialists, sport scientists, and primary care sports medicine and orthopaedic physicians.

The centre point of day-to-day care of the professional athlete has been and continues to be the ATC. The ATC is a healthcare professional unique to the USA. ATCs’ education and scope of practice includes injury/illness prevention, clinical evaluation and diagnosis, immediate and emergency care, and treatment and rehabilitation.2 On the sideline in professional sport, ATCs add value with taping, bracing and managing the spectrum of acute in-play injuries (from blisters and acute wounds to orthopaedic trauma and cervical spine stabilisation).

To maintain their national certification, ATCs are legally required to practice under the direction of or in collaboration with a licensed physician. They do not hold the privileges of autonomous practice …