tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute leukemic transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome: Is cytochemistry still relevant?
Authors: Imogen Caldwell, Anna Ruskova, Nicola Eaddy, Barbara J. Bain
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2017)

This case was a diagnostic challenge. The monoblasts had unusual morphology with some resembling proerythroblasts and others closer to dysplastic myeloblasts/promyelocytes, although neither the shape nor granulation was typical of either. On the original bone marrow aspirate they were difficult to identify as being of myeloid lineage as myeloperoxidase was negative (despite the cytoplasmic granules) and no blast population was identifiable by immunophenotyping. Although the cytological features were not typical for monoblasts and the blast count was <20%, if ANBE had been performed on the original bone marrow aspirate, the monoblasts would have been correctly identified. This would have saved a considerable amount of additional testing although management may not have been altered. This case demonstrates the ongoing utility of cytochemical staining, a technique that has been replaced in many laboratories by immunophenotyping. Cytochemistry remains necessary to assist in the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia, not otherwise specified, as well as in other myeloid neoplasms where the positive identification of monocytic cells is relevant. It is a rapid and easy test that is still relevant in the modern hematology laboratory. Nothing to report.
Internet-Based Self-Help Interventions for Depression in Routine Care—Reply
Authors: Eirini Karyotaki, Heleen Riper, Pim Cuijpers
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Inflammatory Ly6Chi monocytes and their conversion to M2 macrophages drive atherosclerosis regression
Authors: Karishma Rahman, Yuliya Vengrenyuk, Stephen A. Ramsey, Noemi Rotllan Vila, Natasha M. Girgis, Jianhua Liu, Viktoria Gusarova, Jesper Gromada, Ada Weinstock, Kathryn J. Moore, P’ng Loke, Edward A. Fisher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2017)

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, and developing therapies to promote its regression is an important clinical goal. We previously established that atherosclerosis regression is characterized by an overall decrease in plaque macrophages and enrichment in markers of alternatively activated M2 macrophages. We have now investigated the origin and functional requirement for M2 macrophages in regression in normolipidemic mice that received transplants of atherosclerotic aortic segments. We compared plaque regression in WT normolipidemic recipients and those deficient in chemokine receptors necessary to recruit inflammatory Ly6Chi (Ccr2-/- or Cx3cr1-/-) or patrolling Ly6Clo (Ccr5-/-) monocytes. Atherosclerotic plaques transplanted into WT or Ccr5-/- recipients showed reduced macrophage content and increased M2 markers consistent with plaque regression, whereas plaques transplanted into Ccr2-/- or Cx3cr1-/- recipients lacked this regression signature. The requirement of recipient Ly6Chi monocyte recruitment was confirmed in cell trafficking studies. Fate-mapping and single-cell RNA sequencing studies also showed that M2-like macrophages were derived from newly recruited monocytes. Furthermore, we used recipient mice deficient in STAT6 to demonstrate a requirement for this critical component of M2 polarization in atherosclerosis regression. Collectively, these results suggest that continued recruitment of Ly6Chi inflammatory monocytes and their STAT6-dependent polarization to the M2 state are required for resolution of atherosclerotic inflammation and plaque regression.
Urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis: A single-center experience.
Authors: Nurgul Yasar, Sener Cihan, Serkan Keskin, Cumhur Demir, Nur Sener
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e15623 Background: Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare disease. Thus, little evidence-based data are available to guide clinical decision-making. Our aim is to evaluate clinical and pathologycal features of patients with urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis. Methods: Eleven patients ( 8 males , 3 females), who were diagnosed with urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis in our clinic between the years 2008 – 2012 , were assessed retrospectively. Age, gender, performance status (PS), lymphovascular invasion ( LVI), stage, grade, single agent or combined administration of treatment, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall (OS) were investigated. Results: Median follow-up period was 24 months (4- 44), and median age was 65 years (49 - 73). Ten patients had been operated . In 8 patients, PS was 1-2 and LVI were detected in 7 patients. In all patients, grade was 3. Eight patients were at stage 4, 2 patients were at stage 3, and one patient were at stage 1. In 7 patients, metastases were detected at time of diagnosis and the most common site of metastasis was lung. Four patients received platin-based chemotherapy for the adjuvant setting. In metastatic setting, 7 patients received platin-based chemotherapy and 3 patients received single agent gemcitabine. None of the patients did not receive chemotherapy as second line. Radiotherapy were administered due to 4 bone metastases and 1 brain metastasis. All of the patients died during follow-up period. Median OS was 23 months and median PFS was 12 months. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that UTUC is a very aggressive disease. Hovewer, critical trials are needed to improve our understanding and treatment of UTUC.
Efficacy analysis of ABT-414 with or without temozolomide (TMZ) in patients (pts) with EGFR-amplified, recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) from a multicenter, international phase I clinical trial.
Authors: Andrew B. Lassman, Martin J. Van Den Bent, Hui Kong Gan, David A. Reardon, Priya Kumthekar, Nicholas A. Butowski, Zarnie Lwin, Tom Mikkelsen, Louis B. Nabors, Kyriakos P. Papadopoulos, Marta Penas-Prado, John Simes, Helen Wheeler, Erica J. Gomez, Ho-Jin Lee, Lisa Roberts-Rapp, Hao Xiong, Earle E. Bain, David Maag, Ryan Thomas Merrell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

2003 Background: GBM is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Pts with rGBM have a poor prognosis. EGFR is amplified (amp) in ~50% of GBMs and is a compelling therapeutic target. ABT-414 is an antibody-drug conjugate composed of an EGFR-directed antibody conjugated to a microtubule toxin, MMAF. ABT-414 binds a unique epitope exposed during EGFR activation, either through ligand stimulation or mutation such as EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII), releasing MMAF into the cancer cell. Here, we report a pooled safety and efficacy analysis of ABT-414 +/- TMZ in EGFR amp, rGBM. Methods: M12-356 is a Phase 1, open-label, multi-arm study. Results from the 2 arms accruing rGBM pts were pooled for analysis. Eligible adults had rGBM, centrally confirmed EGFR amp, and KPS ≥ 70. Pts received 0.5-1.25 mg/kg ABT-414 on days 1 and 15 +/- 150-200 mg/m 2 TMZ on days 1-5 of 28-day cycles until progression (per RANO). Results: As of 11 January 2017, 126 pts were treated. The most common adverse events (AEs, ≥ 25% pts) were ocular (90%) and included blurred vision (64%) and photophobia (31%), which were mainly reversible. Common non-ocular AEs were fatigue (36%) and headache (30%). Grade 3/4 AEs (≥ 5% pts) included ocular toxicities (29%) and decreased platelets/thrombocytopenia (10%). Serious AEs included seizure and keratitis (2% each). Of 125 pts evaluable by RANO, 52% had improvement or stabilization as best response (2 CR, 9 PR, 54 SD), and the remaining 60 (48%) had PD. Of 115 pts with measurable disease at baseline, the objective response rate (ORR) was 10% (2 CR + 9 PR). For 5 pts, re-resection for radiographic PD revealed mostly necrotic tissue and pts were classified as SD, suggesting the ORR may be an underestimate. Of all 126 pts, the 6-month PFS rate (PFS6) was 26%; median OS was 8.5 months. Conclusions: In this Phase 1 trial of EGFR amp, rGBM, we observed encouraging disease control (52%, CR + PR + SD) and PFS6 (26%) rates. Toxicity was mainly ocular, and reversible. A global, randomized trial of ABT-414 vs. ABT-414 + TMZ vs. TMZ/lomustine in EGFR amp, rGBM has completed accrual with results expected later this year (NCT02343406). Clinical trial information: NCT01800695.
Nouvelles techniques de mucosectomie endoscopique (EMR): utilité d'une formation pratique sur tissu vivant
Authors: D Coumaros, S Sereno, M Ben Abdelghani, W Hliwa, H Pilichos, M Simone, A Forgione, J Marescaux
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

L'EMR consiste en une résection endoscopique de la muqueuse. Ses indications principales sont les adénomes plans et les cancers superficiels du tractus digestif. Le but est d'assurer un résection complète de la lésion en un fragment qui facilitera son analyse histologique. Néanmoins, ceci n'est pas possible en cas de lésions étendues ou en nappes. Dans ce cas, elle se fait en fragments qu'il faut récupérer et orienter sur une plaque de liège afin de reconstituer la lésion primitive et faciliter son analyse. De nouvelles techniques d'EMR se développent et doivent être diffusées. Elles nécessitent une formation.
Starch-Based “Super Food” May Protect Against Variety of Diseases
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 305: E2F1 Suppresses Cardiac Fibrosis
Authors: Dauren Biyashev, Chan Boriboun, Gangjian Qin
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

E2F1 transcription factor is best known for regulation of cell cycle; its role in the cardiovascular system is not well understood. In a transcriptome analysis, we detected a significantly elevated level in the expression of collagen I and alpha-smooth muscle actin in the E2F1-null (E2F1-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) as compared to wild-type (WT) MEFs. Levels of Smad 2 and Smad 3 were also significantly higher in E2F1-/- MEFs. In addition, treatment with TGF-beta (10 ng/ml) induced a greater degree of Smad 2 and Smad 3 phosphorylation in E2F1-/- MEFs than in WT MEFs. Interestingly, these in vitro observations were corroborated with our results obtained from mouse heart samples: the basal levels of both total and phosphorylated Smad 2 were significantly higher in the E2F1-/- heart than in the WT heart (n=3). To understand the significance of these findings in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis, we administered Angiotensin II (3 mg/kg/day) to animals for 7 or 14 days with a subcutaneous osmotic minipump. The total area of cardiac fibrosis was significantly greater in the E2F1-/- mice than in WT littermates (E2F1-/- vs. WT: 17+/-3.8% vs. 6+/-2.6%, p&lt;0.05). Thus, we disclose a novel role of E2F1 in the control of Smad signaling that may limit the development of fibrosis in the stressed heart.
Yoga is reasonable alternative to physical therapy for lower back pain, say researchers
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Yoga is as effective as physical therapy for treating lower back pain and may be a reasonable alternative, a randomised controlled trial published in the Annals of Internal Medicine has found.1

The study found that a yoga class designed for chronic low back pain in patients was as effective as physical therapy for reducing pain, improving function, and lowering the use of pain medicine.

Researchers looked at a racially diverse group of 320 adults with chronic low back pain …
Soft palatal melanosis as a predictor for neoplasia in the upper aerodigestive tract.
Authors: Kenro Hirata, Akira Yokoyama, Rieko Nakamura, Tai Omori, Hirofumi Kawakubo, Takeshi Mizukami, Katsuya Maruyama, Takanori Kanai, Tetsuji Yokoyama
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

1542 Background: Squamous cell dysplasia and carcinoma in the upper aerodigestive tract (UAT) was frequently accompanied by melanosis in the UAT. Soft palatal melanosis can be detected by visual inspection during routine physical examination or even personally in a mirror. Methods: We reviewed digitalized records of high-quality endoscopic images of the soft palate of 1786 Japanese alcoholic men who underwent endoscopic screening combined with esophageal iodine staining and evaluated to what extent the presence of soft palatal melanosis combined with other risk factors can predict the risk of UAT neoplasia. Results: Soft palatal melanosis was observed in 381 (21·3%) of the subjects (mild, 15·0%; distinct, 6·3%). An older age, an inactive heterozygous aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 genotype, smoking, and a high mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were positively associated with the presence of soft palatal melanosis. The age-adjusted odds ratio (OR [95% CI]) for neoplasia in the UAT was 1·92 [1·40–2·64] in the group with melanosis and 2·51 (1·55–4·06) in the group with distinct melanosis, compared with the melanosis-free group. A multiple logistic analysis including the alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases genotypes and non-genetic risk factors showed that the presence of soft palatal melanosis was independently associated with a high risk of neoplasia in the UAT. We calculated the individual number of risk factors out of four easily identifiable and significant factors: age ≥55 years, current/former alcohol flushing, MCV ≥106 fl, and distinct soft palatal melanosis. Compared with the risk-factor-free condition, the OR (95% CI) values of UAT neoplasia for one, two, three and four risk factors were 1·49 (0·97–2·30), 3·14 (2·02–4·88), 4·80 (2·71–8·51) and 7·80 (2·17–28·1), respectively. Conclusions: Soft palatal melanosis combined with other simple risk assessments provides a simple new strategy for identifying heavy drinkers with a high risk for UAT neoplasia.
Remote genomic consultation to support uptake of a multi-gene genomic tumor panel (MGTP) by community oncologists (COs): Results of a pilot study.
Authors: Michael J. Hall, Yana Chertock, Elizabeth Handorf, John M. Kaczmar, Julie Innocent, Yu-Ning Wong, Mary Beryl Daly
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

1587 Background: MGTP use in routine cancer (CA) care is likely to increase w/lower costs for NGS-based testing and growing numbers of actionable targets coupled with targeted therapeutics. Early MGPT uptake has been slow among community oncologists (COs) due to their lower confidence to order, interpret, and act upon results of MGTP. This study evaluated the provision of telephone genomic consultation (GC) via an academic clinician link to an institutional genomic tumor board to support MGTP testing of CA patients (PTs) by COs. Methods: 4 practices of COs participated: 9 COs recruited 25 PTs w/metastatic CA. All PTs/COs completed baseline and follow-up (FU) assessments. Tumor blocks were evaluated at Fox Chase Cancer Center (FCCC) and tested w/a 50-gene MGTP. 12% blocks were inadequate. MGTP results were presented when appropriate at FCCC’s Genomic Tumor Board. All MGTP yielded &gt; 1 variant (Var) [range 1-6]: 13/22 (59%) pts tested had a clinically relevant V; 6 other Vars were potentially actionable w/ approved therapy, while 3 Vars have novel therapies in Phase I/II studies. MGTP were called out to COs (by MJH) &lt; 2 wks of resulting. A tailored summary was provided to COs. Results: At baseline, COs (n = 9) had limited experience w/MGTP (78%, &lt; 5 ordered). Barriers for COs were: poor understanding of MGTPs (67%), cost (89%), uncertain benefit (44%), and poor access to targeted therapies (67%). At FU, 4/8 (50%) COs found GC “very useful”, and 63% reported MGPT paired w/GC would “probably/definitely” increase their use of MGTPs. Most (88%) felt MGPTs should be offered to PTs w/incurable CA. Among PTs at baseline (n = 25), awareness of MGTP was moderate (50%), but 79% reported it would help doctors take better care of their PTs. Valuation of MGTP was mixed—30% would pay $0 out of pocket, yet 30% also said they would travel “any distance” for an MGT-targeted experimental therapy. At FU (n = 14), 86% PTs felt MGPT was valuable, yet only 46% would “definitely” retest, and only 31% would pay &gt; $100 to retest, even for 500+ genes. Conclusions: GC can be effective to support COs to use MGTPs. PTs w/CA have high expectations of MGTPs to improve their care, and yet attribute modest value to retest or to have a larger MGTP.
04.11 Hypoxia and rheumatoid phenotype prevent synovial fibroblasts from suppressing t helper cell proliferation through ido1-mediated tryptophan metabolism
Authors: Nathalie-Christin Kaul, Soumya Mohapatra, Isabell Adam, Stefan Krienke, Christine Tucher, Christiane Opitz, Hanns-Martin Lorenz, Lars Tykocinski
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> The development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is linked to changes in synovial fibroblasts' (SF) phenotype and local infiltration of immune cells. In addition, hypoxic conditions are detected within the inflamed joints of RA patients. The oxygen level in RA joints is only about 22,5mmHg corresponding to ambient oxygen tensions of 3.2%. Right now there is not much known about the effect of hypoxia on the interaction between fibroblasts and immune cells and its implications on the pathophysiology of RA. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> SF from synovectomy tissues of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and RA were cultured <i>in vitro</i>. CD4-positive T cells were isolated from peripheral blood. The interaction between both cell types was examined through <i>in vitro</i> co-cultures both under normoxic and hypoxic (3%O<sub>2</sub>) conditions. The proliferation of Th cells was detected by PKH26 labelling and flow cytometry. Secretion of cytokines was quantified by ELISA. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) expression was measured by real-time PCR and Western Blot. Tryptophan amounts were detected by HPLC. IDO1 activity was blocked by 1-l-methyl-tryprophan (1-L-MT). <h3>Results</h3> SF strongly inhibit the proliferation of co-cultured Th cells. However, RASF have a significantly weaker T cell suppressive capacity compared to OASF. The inhibition of T cell proliferation – both via OASF and RASF - is diminished through hypoxia. Blockade of IDO1 completely restores Th cell proliferation, indicating that the suppression of Th cell proliferation by SF is mediated by tryptophan metabolism. Accordingly, in the supernatants of co-cultures with OASF, the amount of tryptophan is highly reduced, whereas in co-cultures with RASF more tryptophan is left. Under hypoxic conditions the tryptophan metabolism as well as the mRNA expression and protein levels of IDO1 are reduced. IFNγ levels are decreased, IL-6 and IL-8 expression are unaffected by hypoxia. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The suppression of activated T cells by SF through tryptophan metabolism may participate in the prevention of inappropriate T cell responses under normal conditions. The inferior efficiency of RASF to restrict T cell proliferation and the reduced tryptophan metabolism under hypoxia likely support the development of synovitis in RA.
Impact diagnostique de la vidéo-capsule chez 130 patients consécutifs explorés pour un saignement digestif inexpliqué
Authors: E Ben Soussan, M Antonietti, G Savoye, S Ramirez, S Hervé, J Pouzoulet, PH Ducrotté, E Lerebours
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Le but de cette étude rétrospective a été d'évaluer l'impact diagnostique d'un examen par vidéo-capsule chez 130 patients consécutifs explorés pour un saignement digestif inexpliqué (SDI). L'objectif secondaire a été d'évaluer les paramètres prédictifs de contributivité de cet examen dans cette situation.
Clinical Lecture on Diabetes: Delivered at Kings College Hospital
Authors: R. B. Todd
Journal: BMJ (1848)

Gentleren,-Most of you, I doubt not, are aware that at the present time there are no less than three cases of diabetes in the hospital, and considering that diabetes is not a very common disease, the occurrence of so manv examples, all under our observation at once, offers us an unusually favourable opportunity of studying this malady, and I would here, in passing, express my belief that there is no way in which clinical study can be prosecuted with so much advantage as when we ha-e several cases of the same kind before us at once, for we are then not only able to contrast the About a fortnight after the thirst became urgent, Elardy noticed great increase in the quantity of urine, and also that he constantly had a disagreeable sweet taste in his mouth.When he entered the hospital he had other symptoms,-pain in the loins, slight dyspncea, which was increased on the slightest exer- tion.During the first twenty-four hours he was here he passed twelve pints of strasw.colouredurine, of the specific gravity of 1035.I also noticed a peculiar whitish cbylous-looking exudation from the gums, which was more conspicuous upon pressing them with the point of the finger.The constipation was at first extremely obstinate, so much so indeed, that I thought at one time he vas going to die from some internal obstruction, which we should be unable to overcome; this, however, has since very much giveni way.uiseLs iL ItS uainerue :stages nut aiso to ouservte wnasb Before I proceed any farther, I will advert to the of the symptoms are commonl to all cases, and what poinit, which above all otbers, is the most interesting are peculiar to individual instances alone, and important in the whole pathology of diabetes, and
Microscopie confocale colique: résultats préliminaires d'une analyse ex vivo
Authors: E Coron, E Ben Soussan, M Antonietti, M Le Rhun, E Cassagnau, F Lemoine, C Cave, E Lerebours, JP Galmiche
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

La microscopie confocale permet d'obtenir des images tissulaires/cellulaires in vivo. Cette technologie a été récemment appliquée à l'endoscopie digestive. Nous rapportons notre expérience préliminaire d'une étude ex vivo utilisant un prototype (Mauna Kea Technologies, Paris, France) en cours de développement.