tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nab-paclitaxel in combination with carboplatin versus docetaxel in chemotherapy-naïve with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer aged 75 years old or more: Retrospective cohort study
Authors: K. Katayama, A. Tamiya, Y. Tanaka, K. Nakahama, Y. Taniguchi, N. Saijo, Y. Naoki, N. Omachi, K. Okishio, T. Kasai, S. Atagi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
34 An investigation of gastrointestinal symptoms, psychological well-being and cognitive performance in informal dementia caregivers
Authors: AP Allen, A Ní Chorcorain, J Wall, AM Cusack, JF Cryan, TG Dinan, PM Kearney, DW Molloy, G Clarke
Journal: Gut (2017)

Background  Caring for a relative with dementia is considered particularly stressful and is associated with numerous adverse health effects at multiple levels of the brain-gut axis. There is also evidence that long-term family caregivers are more likely to develop irritable bowel syndrome.  Aim  The current study aimed to compare family dementia caregivers to a non-caregiver control group, and to examine the impact of interventions, designed to help dementia caregivers manage stress and the caregiving role, on gastrointestinal symptoms, cognitive performance and psychological well-being.  Method  Caregiver participants were recruited via clinics at St. Finbarr’s Hospital, Cork and control participants via the university community. Participants completed the irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity scale, as well as validated tests of stress, anxiety, and depression. Participants also completed cognitive tasks from the CANTAB battery. A subset of caregivers completed both a carer training program and mindfulness-based stress reduction program. Each program was delivered in a group setting by an experienced instructor and lasted 6-8 weeks.  Results  Although caregivers had higher levels of stress and poorer cognitive performance, gastrointestinal symptoms were not altered compared to controls. Following both interventions, caregivers had improved cognitive performance. However, reported stress, anxiety and depression were not significantly altered following the interventions. Stress-reduction interventions also had no significant impact on gastrointestinal function.  Conclusions  The stress associated with informal dementia caregivers does not manifest across gastrointestinal symptoms and stress-reduction techniques do not improve gastrointestinal well-being. This is in contrast to the impact of caregiving at higher levels of the brain-gut axis.
Highly Accurate Identification of Cystic Precursor Lesions of Pancreatic Cancer Through Targeted Mass Spectrometry: A Phase IIc Diagnostic Study
Authors: Karolina S. Jabbar, Liisa Arike, Caroline S. Verbeke, Riadh Sadik, Gunnar C. Hansson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Purpose Pancreatic cystic lesions are common incidental findings on imaging, but up to half may be forerunners of pancreatic cancer. Therefore, accurate differential diagnosis is crucial for correct patient management. Unfortunately, currently available diagnostic methods cannot robustly identify premalignant and malignant pancreatic cystic lesions. Methods Cyst fluid samples obtained by routine endoscopic ultrasound-guided aspiration were used for the analyses. In a cohort of 24 patients, eight biomarker candidates for malignant potential and high-grade dysplasia/cancer were identified by an explorative proteomic approach. Subsequently, a quantitative analysis, using 30 heavy-labeled peptides from the biomarkers and parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry, was devised, tested in a training cohort of 80, and prospectively evaluated in a validation cohort of 68 patients. End points were surgical pathology diagnosis/clinical follow-up. Diagnostic assessments were blinded to mass spectrometry results. Results The optimal set of markers for detecting malignant potential was a panel of peptides from mucin-5AC and mucin-2, which could discriminate premalignant/malignant lesions from benign with an accuracy of 97% (95% CI, 89% to 99%) in the validation cohort. This result compared favorably with the accuracy of standard analyses: cyst fluid carcinoembryonic antigen (61%; 95% CI, 46% to 74%; P &lt; .001) and cytology (84%; 95% CI, 71% to 92%; P = .02). A combination of proteins mucin-5AC and prostate stem-cell antigen could identify high-grade dysplasia/cancer with an accuracy of 96% (95% CI, 90% to 99%), and detected 95% of malignant/severely dysplastic lesions, compared with 35% and 50% for carcinoembryonic antigen and cytology ( P &lt; .001 and P = .003, respectively). Conclusion Targeted mass spectrometry analysis of just three cyst fluid biomarkers provides highly accurate identification and assessment of cystic precursors to pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Additional studies should determine whether the method can facilitate timely cancer diagnosis, successful intervention, and prevention.
The New 2017 ACC/AHA Guidelines “Up the Pressure” on Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: Philip Greenland, Eric Peterson
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Analysis of tumor location: A retrospective trial for evaluating the safety and efficacy of regorafenib for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: HGCSG1401
Authors: T. Miyagishima, S. Yuki, T. Muranaka, Y. Tsuji, Y. Ota, K. Hatanaka, H. Okuda, T. Sasaki, M. Dazai, J. Konno, M. Nakamura, T. Ohta, T. Honda, A. Ishiguro, O. Muto, S. Kato, A. Sato, M. Abe, Y. Sakata, Y. Komatsu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Medical Specialty Board Finances
Authors: Larry R. Faulkner
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
You are not alone – Social sharing as a necessary addition to the Embracing factor
Authors: Boris Egloff
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Abstract I argue that the Embracing factor cannot be adequately conceptualized without taking into account the regulatory power of the social sharing of emotions. Humans tend to share their negative emotions with close others, and they benefit from it. I outline how this mechanism works in art reception by regulating and transforming negative emotions into positive experiences.
Establishment and evaluation of a theater influenza monitoring platform
Authors: Jian Wang, Hui-Suo Yang, Bing Deng, Meng-Jing Shi, Xiang-Da Li, Qing-Gong Nian, Wen-Jing Song, Feng Bing, Qing-Feng Li
Journal: Military Medical Research (2017)

Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease with a high incidence rate in the Chinese army, which directly disturbs military training and affects soldiers' health. Influenza surveillance systems are widely used around the world and play an important role in influenza epidemic prevention and control.As a theater centers for disease prevention and control, we established an influenza monitoring platform (IMP) in 2014 to strengthen the monitoring of influenza-like illness and influenza virus infection. In this study, we introduced the constitution, influenza virus detection, and quality control for an IMP. The monitoring effect was also evaluated by comparing the monitoring data with data from national influenza surveillance systems. The experiences and problems associated with the platform also were summarized.A theater IMP was established based on 3 levels of medical units, including monitoring sites, testing laboratories and a checking laboratory. A series of measures were taken to guarantee the quality of monitoring, such as technical training, a unified process, sufficient supervision and timely communication. The platform has run smoothly for 3 monitoring years to date. In the 2014-2015 and 2016-2017 monitoring years, sample amount coincided with that obtained from the National Influenza Surveillance program. In the 2015-2016 monitoring year, due to the strict prevention and control measures, an influenza epidemic peak was avoided in monitoring units, and the monitoring data did not coincide with that of the National Influenza Surveillance program. Several problems, including insufficient attention, unreasonable administrative intervention or subordination relationships, and the necessity of detection in monitoring sites were still observed.A theater IMP was established rationally and played a deserved role in the prevention and control of influenza. However, several problems remain to be solved.
Abstract 19668: Electronic Cigarette Prevalence and Patterns of Use in Adults With a History of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Andrew Stokes, Lindsay M Reynolds, Jason Collins, Jessica L Fetterman, Carlos J Rodriguez, Emelia J Benjamin
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction:  Characterizing e-cigarette use patterns is important for guiding tobacco regulatory policy and projecting the future burden of tobacco-related diseases. Although e-cigarette use has been previously characterized in the general population, few studies have examined patterns of use in individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD), despite the fact that this group represents a highly vulnerable segment of the population.   Methods:  We examined e-cigarette use in adults aged 18-89 with a history of CVD using data from the 2014 wave of the National Health Interview Survey. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association between ever and current e-cigarette use and smoking. In a secondary analysis, we modeled the association between e-cigarette use and a quit attempt over the past year.   Results:  Former smokers with CVD that quit smoking within the last year showed 1.85 (95% CI: 1.03, 3.33) times the odds of having ever used e-cigarettes when compared to those who reported being someday current smokers. We observed a similar, though less pronounced, increase in odds when looking at current e-cigarette users. Current smokers who attempted to quit smoking within the last year showed significantly increased odds of ever having used e-cigarettes (1.70; 95% CI: 1.25, 2.30) and currently using e-cigarettes (1.97; 95% CI: 1.32, 2.95) when compared to smokers who had not attempted to quit over the last year.   Conclusion:  Individuals with CVD who recently quit smoking or reported a recent quit attempt were significantly more likely to use e-cigarettes than current smokers and those who did not report a quit attempt. These findings indicate that this population may be using e-cigarettes as an aid to smoking cessation. Characterizing emerging e-cigarette use behaviors in adults with CVD may help to inform outreach activities aimed at this high-risk population and can lead to a better understanding of the evolving burden of tobacco-related illnesses.
A Paradoxical Tumor-Suppressor Role for the Rac1 Exchange Factor Vav1 in T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Javier Robles-Valero, L. Francisco Lorenzo-Martín, Mauricio Menacho-Márquez, Isabel Fernández-Pisonero, Antonio Abad, Mireia Camós, María L. Toribio, Lluis Espinosa, Anna Bigas, Xosé R. Bustelo
Journal: Cancer Cell (2017)

Rho guanine exchange factors (GEFs), the enzymes that stimulate Rho GTPases, are deemed as potential therapeutic targets owing to their protumorigenic functions. However, the understanding of the spectrum of their pathobiological roles in tumors is still very limited. We report here that the GEF Vav1 unexpectedly possesses tumor-suppressor functions in immature T cells. This function entails the noncatalytic nucleation of complexes between the ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b and the intracellular domain of Notch1 (ICN1) that favors ICN1 ubiquitinylation and degradation. Ablation of Vav1 promotes ICN1 signaling and the development of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). The downregulation of Vav1 is essential for the pathogenesis of human T-ALL of the TLX+ clinical subtype, further underscoring the suppressor role of this pathway.
Re: Bressler et al.: Factors associated with worsening proliferative diabetic retinopathy in eyes treated with panretinal photocoagulation or ranibizumab ( Ophthalmology . 2017;124:431-439)
Authors: Merina Thomas, Rajesh C. Rao, Mark W. Johnson, Yannis M. Paulus
Journal: Ophthalmology (2017)
PTH-051 Impact of a dedicated barrrett’s oesophagus list on reducing surveillance endoscopies and cost implications
Authors: SI Hussaini, J Peart, G Fracasso, M Austria, I Agyemfra, S Gupta
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Barrett's Oesophagus (BO) is a risk factor for oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). London Cancer Alliance published guidelines for dedicated Barrett's surveillance list with advanced imaging techniques which was adopted by Croydon in June 2015 with a single operator monthly list. While the focus was on identifying dysplasia/early cancer, we opted to analyse the impact of a dedicated surveillance list on patients with a low risk of cancer progression who could be discharged back to primary care and the potential cost savings that could be made. <h3>Method</h3> We analysed a prospective database of all patients who had a gastroscopy on a dedicated BO surveillance list from June 2015 to December 2016. Patients with &lt;2m BO without intestinal metaplasia (IM) on histology were discharged back to primary care. Based on the life expectancy of males being 78 years and females 82 years (2015), average cost savings for endoscopy every 5 years was calculated based on the tariff in 2016. <h3>Results</h3> Out of 85 patients, 62 (73%) were males. Average age for males was 65 and 68 years for females. All patients had PPI as regular treatment. 59 (69%) patients had IM, The mean Prague 'C' length was 1.9 cm while 'M' was 3.6 cm. Four patients had indefinite for dysplasia out of which 3 were referred to tertiary care centre and 1 was downgraded on repeat endoscopy. One patient had OAC. 20 (24%) patients with &lt;2 cm BO with no IM were discharged from surveillance. Based on a tariff of £420 for gastroscopy with biopsies, 34 gastroscopies in males (£14280) and 30 in females (£12600) were avoided thus resulting in cost savings of about £27 000 on the assumption that surveillance would have continued till their life expectancy with the tariff remaining the same. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We recognise that the patients who were taken off the dedicated surveillance list may have been taken off anyway if they had an endoscopy on a normal service list. However assessment of these patients on a dedicated list has ensured uniformity of follow-up surveillance endoscopy and discharge. Lack of awareness and adherence to updated guidelines by various grades of health professionals might have resulted in unnecessary endoscopies. There are potential cost savings although it would be difficult to quantify them accurately because of variable factors. Strict adherence to guidelines would also increase capacity for endoscopy units in the face of rising demand. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Targeting BCR-ABL-Independent TKI Resistance in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia by mTOR and Autophagy Inhibition
Authors: Rebecca Mitchell, Lisa E M Hopcroft, Pablo Baquero, Elaine K Allan, Kay Hewit, Daniel James, Graham Hamilton, Arunima Mukhopadhyay, Jim O’Prey, Alan Hair, Junia V Melo, Edmond Chan, Kevin M Ryan, Véronique Maguer-Satta, Brian J Druker, Richard E Clark, Subir Mitra, Pawel Herzyk, Franck E Nicolini, Paolo Salomoni, Emma Shanks, Bruno Calabretta, Tessa L Holyoake, G Vignir Helgason
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2017)

Imatinib and second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) nilotinib and dasatinib have statistically significantly improved the life expectancy of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients; however, resistance to TKIs remains a major clinical challenge. Although ponatinib, a third-generation TKI, improves outcomes for patients with BCR-ABL-dependent mechanisms of resistance, including the T315I mutation, a proportion of patients may have or develop BCR-ABL-independent resistance and fail ponatinib treatment. By modeling ponatinib resistance and testing samples from these CML patients, it is hoped that an alternative drug target can be identified and inhibited with a novel compound. Two CML cell lines with acquired BCR-ABL-independent resistance were generated following culture in ponatinib. RNA sequencing and gene ontology (GO) enrichment were used to detect aberrant transcriptional response in ponatinib-resistant cells. A validated oncogene drug library was used to identify US Food and Drug Administration–approved drugs with activity against TKI-resistant cells. Validation was performed using bone marrow (BM)–derived cells from TKI-resistant patients (n = 4) and a human xenograft mouse model (n = 4–6 mice per group). All statistical tests were two-sided. We show that ponatinib-resistant CML cells can acquire BCR-ABL-independent resistance mediated through alternative activation of mTOR. Following transcriptomic analysis and drug screening, we highlight mTOR inhibition as an alternative therapeutic approach in TKI-resistant CML cells. Additionally, we show that catalytic mTOR inhibitors induce autophagy and demonstrate that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of autophagy sensitizes ponatinib-resistant CML cells to death induced by mTOR inhibition in vitro (% number of colonies of control[SD], NVP-BEZ235 vs NVP-BEZ235+HCQ: 45.0[17.9]% vs 24.0[8.4]%, P = .002) and in vivo (median survival of NVP-BEZ235- vs NVP-BEZ235+HCQ-treated mice: 38.5 days vs 47.0 days, P = .04). Combined mTOR and autophagy inhibition may provide an attractive approach to target BCR-ABL-independent mechanism of resistance.
Abstract 16954: Staged versus Complete Repair in the Symptomatic Neonate With Tetralogy of Fallot: in Search of the Optimal Strategy
Authors: Jennifer Bailey, Laura Mercer-Rosa, Christopher Mascio, Okan Elci, Elizabeth Goldmuntz
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Objective: To compare perioperative and intermediate outcomes in the symptomatic neonate with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) undergoing complete repair versus a neonatal palliative procedure followed by...
Abstract 20967: Outcomes and Prevalence of Migraines in Patients With Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissections: A Cohort Study
Authors: Susan N Kok, Sharonne N Hayes, F. Michael Cutrer, Rajiv Gulati, Patricia J Best, Marysia S Tweet
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a nonatherosclerotic cause of myocardial infarction (MI) occurring most often in young women without cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. SCAD is associated with fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), pregnant/postpartum state, and extreme mental stress or physical exertion. Migraine headaches have been reported common in SCAD and may increase CVD risk. The objective was to assess differences in presentation, clinical factors, and outcomes in SCAD patients with migraines (M-SCAD) compared to those without, and determine M-SCAD prevalence. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional observation study of patients with angiographically confirmed SCAD was conducted using the Mayo Clinic SCAD Registry. Participant-provided data and records were reviewed for migraine history, CVD risk factors, SCAD details, CVD and migraine therapies, and outcomes. Ordinal and nominal variables were compared using Pearson's chi squared test, and continuous variables were compared using Student's t-test. Statistical significance was set at p &lt; 0.05. Results: Among 586 patients with complete questionnaires, 236 had a history of migraines; the lifetime and 1-year prevalence of migraines were 40% and 27% respectively. Migraines are more common in SCAD survivors than a comparable population (40% vs 33%, p=0.0002). M-SCAD patients were more likely to be female (99.6% vs 94%, p=0.001), have SCAD at a younger age (45.3 yrs. vs 47.6 yrs., p=0.004), and report a history of aneurysms (7.6% vs 1.7%, p=0.0004), 46% of which occurred in head or neck vessels. There was a trend toward increased head and neck FMD in M-SCAD (32% vs 23%, p=0.095). Prevalence of depression (27% vs 17%, p=0.005), anxiety (32% vs 24%, p=0.038), recurrent angina (62% vs 44%, p=&lt;0.001) and concern for recurrent SCAD (46% vs 37%, p=0.034) were higher in M-SCAD. Triptans were stopped in 39% of migraineurs at the time of MI. Conclusion: As compared to SCAD survivors without migraines, those with M-SCAD are younger, more often report a history of depression, anxiety, and aneurysms, and have more chest pain after SCAD. Further investigation into this association and development of safe, effective treatments of both headache and angina after SCAD is needed.