tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Biomaterials for Skin Substitutes
Authors: Mohammadali Sheikholeslam, Meghan E. E. Wright, Marc G. Jeschke, Saeid Amini‐Nik
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Patients with extensive burns rely on the use of tissue engineered skin due to a lack of sufficient donor tissue, but it is a challenge to identify reliable and economical scaffold materials and donor cell sources for the generation of a functional skin substitute. The current review attempts to evaluate the performance of the wide range of biomaterials available for generating skin substitutes, including both natural biopolymers and synthetic polymers, in terms of tissue response and potential for use in the operating room. Natural biopolymers display an improved cell response, while synthetic polymers provide better control over chemical composition and mechanical properties. It is suggested that not one material meets all the requirements for a skin substitute. Rather, a composite scaffold fabricated from both natural and synthetic biomaterials may allow for the generation of skin substitutes that meet all clinical requirements including a tailored wound size and type, the degree of burn, the patient age, and the available preparation technique. This review aims to be a valuable directory for researchers in the field to find the optimal material or combination of materials based on their specific application.
Correction to: Tocilizumab: A Review in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Lesley J. Scott
Journal: Drugs (2017)

The article Tocilizumab: A Review in Rheumatoid Arthritis, written by Lesley J. Scott, was originally published Online First without open access. After publication in volume 77, issue 17, pages 1865–1879 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd requested that the article be Open Choice to make the article an open access publication. Post-publication open access was funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Further details may be found at http://www.medengine.com/Redeem/68FBF06068F81EA7 . The article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ), which permits any noncommercial use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
Abstract 18242: Association Between Electrographic Seizure Suppression and Neurological Outcomes After Resuscitation From Cardiac Arrest
Authors: John Faro, Patrick J Coppler, Cameron Dezfulian, Maria Baldwin, Jon C Rittenberger, Clifton W Callaway, Jonathan Elmer
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Seizures after cardiac arrest are associated with worse outcomes, but there is no evidence that treatment improves outcomes. We leveraged existing practice variation to compare the effectiveness of aggressive electroencephalography (EEG) and antiepileptic drug (AED) use to infrequent spot EEG and AED use.   Methods:  We included a cohort of comatose post-arrest patients at two academic medical centers from 2011-2014. The same critical care group staffs both centers, but Center 1 uses continuous EEG (cEEG) monitoring and aggressively treats malignant EEG patterns while Center 2 uses infrequent spot EEGs. We classified each patient’s daily EEG from admission until death, awakening or day 5 as “malignant” (status epilepticus, polyspikes or periodic discharges), “not malignant,” or “not performed.” We abstracted covariates and outcomes from our prospective registry: age, illness severity (Pittsburgh Cardiac Arrest Category), shockable rhythm, arrest location, survival to hospital discharge and functionally favorable survival (Cerebral Performance Category 1-2). We used generalized estimating equations to test for an interaction between center and EEG pattern predicting outcomes after adjusting for clinical covariates.   Results:  We included 824 subjects (Center 1: 513, Center 2: 311). Center 1 subjects were younger, more likely to arrest out-of-hospital and had higher illness severity (all P   Conclusion:  Post-arrest cEEG monitoring and AED usage is not associated with improved outcomes at discharge. This appears to be influenced by selection bias at Center 2.
A Fluorescent Biofunctional DNA Hydrogel Prepared by Enzymatic Polymerization
Authors: Jinhui Geng, Chi Yao, Xiaohong Kou, Jianpu Tang, Dan Luo, Dayong Yang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Abstract DNA has arisen as a promising building material for the construction of hydrogels owing to its unique properties such as designability and biocompatibility. All‐DNA hydrogels with only DNA molecules may have limited applications; hence a composite DNA hydrogel with multifunctional moieties is highly desired to cater for specific applications. Herein, a multifunctional DNA hydrogel is created by incorporating DNA with silver nanoclusters (AgNCs), in which AgNCs render the hydrogel simultaneously with fluorescent and antibacterial functions. A circular DNA is rationally designed, which allows for the elongation of DNA chain via an enzymatic polymerization as well as the formation of AgNCs onto DNA scaffolds. The resultant hybrid DNA hydrogel not only shows distinctive morphology and mechanical properties, but also exhibits fluorescent and antibacterial functions. These characteristics, along with its biocompatibility, will allow the hydrogel to be suitable for a variety of potential biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, wound dressing, biosensing, and bioimaging.
La vigilancia y la epidemiologia de la sífilis en el Reino Unido
Authors: A A Righarts, I Simms, L Wallace, M Solomou, K. A. Fenton
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

El objetivo de este articulo es describir la evolucion de la sifilis infecciosa en el Reino Unido (RU) y particularmente el estudio de la epidemia de sifilis de Londres, la mas importante del RU hasta la actualidad. 
Se analizo la vigilancia rutinaria de los datos procedentes de las clinicas de medicina genito-urinaria (genitourinary medicine, GUM), asi como los datos recogidos por los sistemas reforzados de vigilancia. Los diagnosticos de sifilis infecciosa aumentaron notablemente entre 1998 y 2003, multiplicandose por 25 en hombres que tienen relaciones sexuales con otros hombres (HRSH) (de 43 diagnosticos a 1.028), por 6 en los hombres heterosexuales (138/860) y triplicado para las mujeres (112/338). Una serie de brotes locales, el primero ocurrido en 1997, fueron los que contribuyeron a este incremento nacional. A dia de hoy, han sido declarados 1.910 casos en Londres, siendo identificados los primeros en 2001. En los HRSH fueron identificadas numerosas coinfecciones por el VIH, siendo la mayoria de los casos de etnia blanca y nacidos en el RU. Por el contrario, los pacientes heterosexuales eran mas frecuentemente de etnia negra y nacidos fuera del RU. La mayor parte de los pacientes con sifilis fueron infectados en Londres. 
Los HRSH son el colectivo mas afectado como consecuencia de este aumento nacional de la sifilis infecciosa. Tambien se ha observado un incremento de los casos en los hombres heterosexuales, produciendo divergencias entre estos y las mujeres, lo que necesita ser investigado.
Biomimetic Tissue‐Engineered Bone Substitutes for Maxillofacial and Craniofacial Repair: The Potential of Cell Sheet Technologies
Authors: Fabien Kawecki, William P. Clafshenkel, Michel Fortin, François A. Auger, Julie Fradette
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Abstract Maxillofacial defects are complex lesions stemming from various etiologies: accidental, congenital, pathological, or surgical. A bone graft may be required when the normal regenerative capacity of the bone is exceeded or insufficient. Surgeons have many options available for bone grafting including the “gold standard” autologous bone graft. However, this approach is not without drawbacks such as the morbidity associated with harvesting bone from a donor site, pain, infection, or a poor quantity and quality of bone in some patient populations. This review discusses the various bone graft substitutes used for maxillofacial and craniofacial repair: allografts, xenografts, synthetic biomaterials, and tissue‐engineered substitutes. A brief overview of bone tissue engineering evolution including the use of mesenchymal stem cells is exposed, highlighting the first clinical applications of adipose‐derived stem/stromal cells in craniofacial reconstruction. The importance of prevascularization strategies for bone tissue engineering is also discussed, with an emphasis on recent work describing substitutes produced using cell sheet‐based technologies, including the use of thermo‐responsive plates and the self‐assembly approach of tissue engineering. Indeed, considering their entirely cell‐based design, these natural bone‐like substitutes have the potential to closely mimic the osteogenicity, osteoconductivity, osteoinduction, and osseointegration properties of autogenous bone for maxillofacial and craniofacial reconstruction.
Early removal of biflanged metal stents in the management of pancreatic walled-off necrosis: a prospective study
Authors: Vinay Dhir, Douglas Adler, Ankit Dalal, Nitin Aherrao, Rahul Shah, Amit Maydeo
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Abstract Background and study aims Dedicated stents placed under endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guidance have shown promise for the management of pancreatic walled-off necrosis (WON). A long duration of stent placement may increase the risk of adverse events. We prospectively evaluated the effects of (i) early removal of biflanged metal stents (BFMSs) and (ii) additional stenting of the pancreatic duct with plastic stents in patients with ductal leaks, on the risk of WON recurrence. Patients and methods Symptomatic patients with pancreatic WON underwent EUS-guided BFMS placement, followed by necrosectomy, when required, from Day 3. A 5 Fr plastic stent was placed in patients with ductal leak. BFMS was removed when the WON cavity had collapsed completely. Patients were followed up at 3-month intervals. Results BFMS placement was successful in all 88 patients. A total of 64 patients (72.7 %) underwent necrosectomy (median 3 sessions). All BFMSs were removed at a median of 3.5 weeks (range 3 – 17 weeks). Ductal disconnection and leak occurred in 53/87 (60.9 %) and 61/87 (70.1 %) patients, respectively. A 5 Fr stent was placed in 56/61 patients (91.8 %) with ductal leak. Overall, 22 patients (25.0 %) had adverse events (17 mild, 1 moderate, 3 severe, 1 fatal). Recurrence was noted in 8/88 (9.1 %) at a median follow-up of 22 months. The recurrence rate was higher in patients with ductal disconnection than in those without (13.2 % vs. 2.9 %; P = 0.08), and was similar in patients with vs. without pancreatic duct stenting (7.1 % vs. 12.9 %; P = 0.44). Seven recurrences (87.5 %) partially regressed on follow-up and did not require therapy; in one case, drainage with a plastic stent was performed. Conclusions Short-term BFMS placement is an effective therapy for pancreatic WON. The majority of recurrences developed in patients with ductal disconnection and did not require therapy. Additional pancreatic duct stents probably do not influence the recurrence rate.
KRAS Oncogenic Signaling Extends beyond Cancer Cells to Orchestrate the Microenvironment
Authors: Patrícia Dias Carvalho, Carlos F. Guimarães, Ana P. Cardoso, Susana Mendonça, Ângela M Costa, Maria J. Oliveira, Sérgia Velho
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

KRAS is one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes in cancer, being a potent initiator of tumorigenesis, a strong inductor of malignancy, and a predictive biomarker of response to therapy. Despite the large investment to understand the effects of KRAS activation in cancer cells, pharmacologic targeting of KRAS or its downstream effectors has not yet been successful at the clinical level. Recent studies are now describing new mechanisms of KRAS-induced tumorigenesis by analyzing its effects on the components of the tumor microenvironment. These studies revealed that the activation of KRAS on cancer cells extends to the surrounding microenvironment, affecting the properties and functions of its constituents. Herein, we discuss the most emergent perspectives on the relationship between KRAS-mutant cancer cells and their microenvironment components. Cancer Res; 78(1); 7-14. ©2017 AACR.
ER Stress Signaling Promotes the Survival of Cancer “Persister Cells” Tolerant to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Hideki Terai, Shunsuke Kitajima, Danielle S. Potter, Yusuke Matsui, Laura Gutierrez Quiceno, Ting Chen, Tae-jung Kim, Maria Rusan, Tran C. Thai, Federica Piccioni, Katherine A. Donovan, Nicholas Kwiatkowski, Kunihiko Hinohara, Guo Wei, Nathanael S. Gray, Eric S. Fischer, Kwok-Kin Wong, Teppei Shimamura, Anthony Letai, Peter S. Hammerman, David A. Barbie
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

An increasingly recognized component of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) involves persistence of a drug-tolerant subpopulation of cancer cells that survive despite effective eradication of the majority of the cell population. Multiple groups have demonstrated that these drug-tolerant persister cells undergo transcriptional adaptation via an epigenetic state change that promotes cell survival. Because this mode of TKI drug tolerance appears to involve transcriptional addiction to specific genes and pathways, we hypothesized that systematic functional screening of EGFR TKI/transcriptional inhibitor combination therapy would yield important mechanistic insights and alternative drug escape pathways. We therefore performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 enhancer/suppressor screen in EGFR-dependent lung cancer PC9 cells treated with erlotinib + THZ1 (CDK7/12 inhibitor) combination therapy, a combination previously shown to suppress drug-tolerant cells in this setting. As expected, suppression of multiple genes associated with transcriptional complexes (EP300, CREBBP, and MED1) enhanced erlotinib/THZ1 synergy. Unexpectedly, we uncovered nearly every component of the recently described ufmylation pathway in the synergy suppressor group. Loss of ufmylation did not affect canonical downstream EGFR signaling. Instead, absence of this pathway triggered a protective unfolded protein response associated with STING upregulation, promoting protumorigenic inflammatory signaling but also unique dependence on Bcl-xL. These data reveal that dysregulation of ufmylation and ER stress comprise a previously unrecognized TKI drug tolerance pathway that engages survival signaling, with potentially important therapeutic implications.
Gonadotrophins versus clomifene citrate with or without intrauterine insemination in women with normogonadotropic anovulation and clomifene failure (M-OVIN): a randomised, two-by-two factorial trial
Authors: Nienke S Weiss, Marleen J Nahuis, Esmee Bordewijk, Jurjen E Oosterhuis, Jesper Mj Smeenk, Annemieke Hoek, Frank Jm Broekmans, Kathrin Fleischer, Jan Peter de Bruin, Eugenie M Kaaijk, Joop Se Laven, Dave J Hendriks, Marie H Gerards, Ilse Aj van Rooij, Petra Bourdrez, Judith Gianotten, Carolien Koks, Cornelis B Lambalk, Peter G Hompes, Fulco van der Veen, Ben Willem J Mol, Madelon van Wely
Journal: The Lancet (2017)
Small Steps to Address Medical Resident Burnout
Authors: Nathaniel D. Bayer, Peter S. Capucilli
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Intergenic disease-associated regions are abundant in novel transcripts
Authors: N. Bartonicek, M. B. Clark, X. C. Quek, J. R. Torpy, A. L. Pritchard, J. L. V. Maag, B. S. Gloss, J. Crawford, R. J. Taft, N. K. Hayward, G. W. Montgomery, J. S. Mattick, T. R. Mercer, M. E. Dinger
Journal: Genome biology (2017)

Genotyping of large populations through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) has successfully identified many genomic variants associated with traits or disease risk. Unexpectedly, a large proportion of GWAS single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and associated haplotype blocks are in intronic and intergenic regions, hindering their functional evaluation. While some of these risk-susceptibility regions encompass cis-regulatory sites, their transcriptional potential has never been systematically explored. To detect rare tissue-specific expression, we employed the transcript-enrichment method CaptureSeq on 21 human tissues to identify 1775 multi-exonic transcripts from 561 intronic and intergenic haploblocks associated with 392 traits and diseases, covering 73.9 Mb (2.2%) of the human genome. We show that a large proportion (85%) of disease-associated haploblocks express novel multi-exonic non-coding transcripts that are tissue-specific and enriched for GWAS SNPs as well as epigenetic markers of active transcription and enhancer activity. Similarly, we captured transcriptomes from 13 melanomas, targeting nine melanoma-associated haploblocks, and characterized 31 novel melanoma-specific transcripts that include fusion proteins, novel exons and non-coding RNAs, one-third of which showed allelically imbalanced expression. This resource of previously unreported transcripts in disease-associated regions ( http://gwas-captureseq.dingerlab.org ) should provide an important starting point for the translational community in search of novel biomarkers, disease mechanisms, and drug targets.
Regulation of COX-2 expression by microRNA-542-3p
Authors: Ashleigh Moore, Lisa Young, Dan Dixon
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

4419  The inducible prostaglandin synthase cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been shown to mediate inflammatory responses and play a role in carcinogenic events. In normal cells the expression is tightly regulated on transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, however COX-2 overexpression has been linked with a variety cancer types. Post-transcriptional regulation of COX-2 is mediated through its mRNA 3’ untranslated region (UTR). The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) T8473C present within the COX-2 3’UTR has been found to be associated with increased risk for various cancers including colorectal cancer. However, the biological function of this mutation upon COX-2 expression is not known.  MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are small non-coding RNAs that bind within the 39UTR of target mRNAs and function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression by either promoting degradation or translational silencing of their mRNA target. We have recently identified a putative binding site within the COX-2 3’UTR for miR-542-3p and miRNA specificity was demonstrated through down regulation of a reporter construct bearing the COX-2 3’UTR. To determine the ability of miR-542-3p to down regulate inducible COX-2 expression, this miRNA was expressed in IL-1b-stimulated HeLa cells where it inhibited COX-2 protein expression 10-fold compared to negative control. To determine if miR-542-3p can also alter COX-2 overexpression in colon cancer cells, miR-542-3p was expressed in HCA7 cells. miR-542-3p specifically inhibited COX-2 protein and prostaglandin synthesis with no change in COX-1 expression. Furthermore, this miRNA appears to act on a level of mRNA stability as COX-2 mRNA expression in both cell types was similarly down regulated.  Within the COX-2 3’UTR, the target site for miR-542-3p correlates with the location of the T8473C SNP. To determine if this genetic variant in the putative target site for miR-542-3p is responsible for its ineffective miRNA targeting of COX-2, HeLa cells were transfected with reporter constructs containing the COX-2 wild-type 3’UTR or the 3’UTR bearing the T8473C variant in the presence of miR-542-3p. miR-542-3p was successful in down regulating expression with the wild type COX-2 3’UTR compared to the reporter control, whereas the presence of the T8473C SNP rendered the 39UTR resistant to miR-542-3p mediated down regulation. Considering the role of increased COX-2 expression in cancer, ineffective binding of miR-542-3p due to the presence of the T8473C SNP within the COX-2 3’UTR may play a role in the progression of carcinogenic events.
CD151, a novel host factor of nuclear export signaling in influenza virus infection
Authors: Yongkang Qiao, Yan Yan, Kai Sen Tan, Sheryl S.L. Tan, Ju Ee Seet, Thiruma Valavan Arumugam, Vincent T.K. Chow, De Yun Wang, Thai Tran
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)
The Need to Include Biological Variables in Prospective Longitudinal Studies of the Development of Criminal Behavior
Authors: David P. Farrington
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
The Pier at Rocky Neck, Gloucester
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal