tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Russian gonococcal antimicrobial susceptibility programme (RU-GASP) – national resistance prevalence in 2007 and 2008, and trends during 2005-2008
Authors: A Kubanova, N Frigo, A Kubanov, S Sidorenko, I Lesnaya, S Polevshikova, V Solomka, N Bukanov, M Domeika, M Unemo
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a major problem worldwide. In the former Soviet countries including Russia, the knowledge regarding AMR has been highly limited. However, in 2004 the Russian gonococcal antimicrobial susceptibility programme (RU-GASP) was initiated. The aims of this study were to examine and describe the prevalence of N. gonorrhoeae AMR in 2007 and 2008 in Russia, and reveal trends in the period from 2005 to 2008. Gonococcal isolates (660 in 2007 and 900 in 2008) from 36 surveillance sites were examined using agar dilution method. From 2005 to 2008, the proportion of isolates resistant to spectinomycin increased from 0% to 7.2%, and remained high for those resistant to ciprofloxacin (approximately 49%). The resistance to azithromycin was 2.3% and 0.4% in 2007 and 2008, respectively. All isolates between 2005 and 2008 were susceptible to ceftriaxone. In conclusion, the AMR of N. gonorrhoeae in Russia is high, as in most countries in the European Union, and ceftriaxone should be the first line for treatment. If there is no access to ceftriaxone or in the presence of severe beta-lactam antimicrobial allergy, spectinomycin should be used; however, the resistance to spectinomycin has increased. Regular, quality-assured national and international surveillance of AMR in N. gonorrhoeae is crucial globally for public health.
Trainee GP who was warned over falsifying timesheets to get new sanction after GMC appeal
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

The General Medical Council has won a High Court appeal against a finding by a medical practitioners tribunal that a doctor’s fitness to practise was not impaired despite his dishonesty.

The GMC exercised new powers it won in 2015 to appeal against tribunal decisions,1 after the tribunal let Iheanyi Nwachuku off with a warning.

Nwachuku was in his final year of GP training at Southampton in October 2015 when he agreed with an agency to provide senior house office cover for three weekend nights, including a Sunday night from 8 pm till 8 am, at the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital at Stanmore, north west London. He was allowed to …
07.07 Increased expression of ccn4/wisp1 in osteoarthritic articular cartilage is epigenetically regulated and disrupts cartilage homeostasis
Authors: Martijn H. van den Bosch, Yolande F. Ramos, Wouter den Hollander, Nils Bömer, Rob G Nelissen, Judith VMG Bovée, Arjen B Blom, Ingrid Meulenbelt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Previously, we described strongly increased expression of Wnt-1-induced signalling protein 1 (<i>Wisp1</i>) in the joint during experimental osteoarthritis (OA). Overexpression of <i>Wisp1</i> using adenoviruses was detrimental to the articular cartilage, while decreased cartilage degeneration was observed after induction of experimental OA models in <i>Wisp1</i>-deficient mice. These data indicate a direct correlation between WISP1 and OA in mice. In this study we set out to characterise the relation between expression of <i>WISP1</i> and human OA. <h3>Methods</h3> Articular cartilage from non-OA-diagnosed individuals with femoral neck fractures and preserved and degenerated cartilage from end-stage OA patients was collected. Degeneration was classified using the Mankin scoring system. RNA and DNA were isolated for gene expression and methylation profiles, respectively. Correlation between <i>WISP1</i> expression and methylation was investigated with Generalised Linear Mixed Model (GLMM). RNA expression was determined with microarray analysis and RNA sequencing. WISP1 protein was visualised using immunohistochemistry. Effects of increased WISP1 levels were tested in a human <i>in vitro</i> chondrogenesis model. <h3>Results</h3> WISP1 expression in the cartilage of OA patients was increased compared to non-OA-diagnosed controls. Within OA patients, WISP1 was increased in OA-affected cartilage compared to preserved regions. WISP1 expression strongly correlated with the Mankin score. When added to cartilage particles from primary articular chondrocytes, WISP1 strongly decreased the pellet circumference and proteoglycan content. Next, we found that <i>WISP1</i> expression was inversely correlated with the methylation of a positional CpG dinucleotide. Concordantly, within donors, cartilage from OA-affected areas showed hypomethylation for this CpG site compared to preserved cartilage, which correlated with increased RNA expression. This raised the question whether individuals with high <i>WISP1</i> expression were at increased risk to develop OA. Methylation of the CpG dinucleotide associated with <i>WISP1</i> expression was found to be controlled by a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Surprisingly, the allele associated with higher methylation and thus lower expression of <i>WISP1,</i> was associated with OA. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Increased WISP1 expression in OA-affected cartilage is associated with cartilage degradation, but low WISP1 expression seems to predispose for OA-induction. Together, our results suggest that tight regulation of <i>WISP1</i> expression is essential to maintain cartilage homeostasis.
An Unusual Case of Penile Prostate Cancer Uncovered by Multiparametric MRI and PSMA-Targeted 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT
Authors: Steven P. Rowe, Michael A. Gorin, Linda C. Chu, Kenneth J. Pienta, Martin G. Pomper, Ashley E. Ross, Katarzyna J. Macura
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2017)

Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) is currently the test of choice for imaging sites of prostate cancer located within the pelvis. However, molecular imaging with PET radiotracers that bind to prostate-specific membrane antigen is increasingly being used for this purpose and may compliment mpMRI findings. We present a case of a 59-year-old man with elevated postprostatectomy serum prostate-specific antigen level who was found on both mpMRI and prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted PET to harbor residual prostate cancer in the corpus spongiosum along the proximal urethra.
単一対立遺伝子性発現(aRME):単一細胞RNA‐seqによるクローン体細胞での対立遺伝子性発現パターンの解析
Authors: Reinius Bjoern, Mold Jeff E, Ramskoeld Daniel, Deng Qiaolin, Frisen Jonas, Sandberg Rickard, Johnsson Per, Michaeelsson Jakob
Journal: Nature Genetics (2016)
Acute Right Lower Quadrant Abdominal Pain
Authors: Eric J. Rellinger, K. Elizabeth Speck
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
08.04 An unusual case of acute lupus haemophagocytic syndrome: a test of diagnostic criteria
Authors: Udai Wijetunga, Ravindra Satarasinghe, Balasuriya Dayananda, Kokila Darshani, Lavanya Rajagopala
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an aggressive, life-threatening syndrome of increased immune activation.<sup>1</sup> HLH secondary to underlying systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is described as acute lupus haemophagocytic syndrome (ALHS).<sup>2</sup> ALHS presenting with negative ANA is uncommon. We describe a case of ALHS with diagnostic difficulty, presenting with negative ANA. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> We present an unusual case of a 57 year old female hospitalised with on and off fever, episodes of confusion and alopecia for 03 months. <h3>Results</h3> Investigations showed a pancytopenia (haemoglobin 6.0 g/dl, WBC 1,690/mm3, platelets 102,000/mm3). ESR was 76 mm/hour. CRP was 02 mg/L. Septic screen was negative except for a positive sputum culture for coliforms. Chest x-ray was normal. Direct Coombs test was positive. The fever persisted despite treatment with IV antibiotics. ANA and Ds-DNA were negative. Bone marrow revealed features of primary or secondary haemophagocytosis. Serum ferritin (&gt;1650 ng/dl) and triglycerides were elevated. Diagnosis of HLH probably due to an evolving autoimmune disorder was made and the patient was treated with steroids. The patient dramatically improved and was discharged on oral steroids. After 06 months, she experienced frothy urine, ankle swelling and readmitted. Evaluation revealed proteinuria with active sediment in urine. ANA and Ds DNA were positive. Complement C3 and C4 were reduced. Renal biopsy revealed Class IV G lupus nephritis with immunofluorescence pattern consistent with SLE. The dose of steroids were increased and she was started on mycophenolate mofetil. The patient improved. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This case showcases an uncommon presentation of ALHS with initial negative ANA probably due to its cytokine mediated pathogenesis. This is the first such reported case in South Asia to our knowledge. Interestingly, according to the ACR criteria and its 1997 update, this patient does not fulfil the criteria for SLE diagnosis for the initial hospitalisation. But according to the 2012 SLICC revised ACR SLE criteria, the patient fulfils the criteria for SLE even in the first hospitalisation which was subsequently proven without doubt with renal biopsy findings. This case confirms the increased sensitivity of SLICC criteria over ACR criteria in diagnosis of SLE. <h3>References</h3> 1. Rahal AK, Fernandez J, Dakhil C. Undiagnosed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Presenting as Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis. Case Rep Rheumatol. 2015;2015:748713. 2. Wong KF, Hui PK, Chan JK, Chan YW, Ha SY. The acute lupus hemophagocytic syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114(5):387–90.
Experimental Modeling Supports a Role for MyBP-HL as a Novel Myofilament Component in Arrhythmia and Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: David Y. Barefield, Megan J. Puckelwartz, Ellis Y. Kim, Lisa D. Wilsbacher, Andy H. Vo, Emily A. Waters, Judy U. Earley, Michele Hadhazy, Lisa Dellefave-Castillo, Lorenzo L. Pesce, Elizabeth M. McNally
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias are under significant genetic influence. Here, we studied a family with dilated cardiomyopathy and associated conduction system disease in whom prior clinical cardiac gene panel testing was unrevealing.Whole-genome sequencing and induced pluripotent stem cells were used to examine a family with dilated cardiomyopathy and atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. We also characterized a mouse model with heterozygous and homozygous deletion of Mybphl.Whole-genome sequencing identified a premature stop codon, R255X, in the MYBPHL gene encoding MyBP-HL (myosin-binding protein-H like), a novel member of the myosin-binding protein family. MYBPHL was found to have high atrial expression with low ventricular expression. We determined that MyBP-HL protein was myofilament associated in the atria, and truncated MyBP-HL protein failed to incorporate into the myofilament. Human cell modeling demonstrated reduced expression from the mutant MYBPHL allele. Echocardiography of Mybphl heterozygous and null mouse hearts exhibited a 36% reduction in fractional shortening and an increased diastolic ventricular chamber size. Atria weight normalized to total heart weight was significantly increased in Mybphl heterozygous and null mice. Using a reporter system, we detected robust expression of Mybphl in the atria, and in discrete puncta throughout the right ventricular wall and septum, as well. Telemetric electrocardiogram recordings in Mybphl mice revealed cardiac conduction system abnormalities with aberrant atrioventricular conduction and an increased rate of arrhythmia in heterozygous and null mice.The findings of reduced ventricular function and conduction system defects in Mybphl mice support that MYBPHL truncations may increase risk for human arrhythmias and cardiomyopathy.
Endoscopic ultrasound appearance of dead Ascaris lumbricoides in the biliary tract
Authors: Piyush Somani, Malay Sharma, Saurabh Jindal
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

A 2-year-old Indian girl was referred with symptoms of biliary colic and obstructive jaundice of 3 weeks’ duration. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed dilation of intrahepatic biliary radicles, a distended gallbladder, and a dilated common bile duct (CBD) of 15 mm (normal diameter up to 6 mm) containing multiple ill-defined, oval, hyperechoic shadows near the lower end ([Fig. 1]). Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) showed multiple intraluminal curvilinear, hypointense areas in the lower CBD consistent with stones or worm ([Fig. 2]). Linear endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) was performed for evaluation of the CBD filling defects visualized on abdominal ultrasound and MRCP. Linear EUS from the stomach and duodenal bulb revealed a dilated CBD with multiple hyperechoic structures without acoustic shadowing. EUS showed curvilinear, disc-shaped short-segment echogenic structures, 2 – 6 mm in size, with a central anechoic core and parallel and equidistant from each other; this was suggestive of recently broken down soft parallel fragments of roundworms ([Fig. 3], [Video 1]). The central anechoic core represented the digestive tract of Ascaris lumbricoides. Cholangiography revealed a dilated CBD with tapering at the lower end showing multiple filling defects ([Fig. 4]). After multiple balloon sweeps on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), creamy white structures and yellow-colored material were removed that were suggestive of recently fragmented roundworm ([Fig. 5], [Video 1]). The patient’s clinical condition improved significantly after ERCP, and repeat abdominal ultrasound after 1 week demonstrated decreased size of the CBD. The patient underwent deworming with albendazole, with the passage of multiple roundworms in stools further confirming the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice due to Ascaris.
Alimentation orale liquidienne précoce au cours des lésions caustiques sténosantes de l’ésophage: une alternative à la mise au repos du tube digestif supérieur
Authors: N Oumnia, M Lahcene, A Tebaibia, B Touchene
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Objectif: L’alimentation orale est classiquement prohibée dans les lésions caustiques aiguës sévères du tube digestif supérieur (TDS). Les apports sont alors assurés par voie parentérale ou entérale, en particulier par jéjunostomie. Le but de notre travail est d’évaluer l’intérêt de l’alimentation orale liquidienne précoce et exclusive dans les lésions caustiques sténosantes ésophagiennes et de préciser son impact sur les résultats de la dilatation. Patients et Méthodes: Ce travail contrôlé, non randomisé, a porté sur 65 patients vus précocement après l’ingestion du produit caustique et qui ont tous développé une sténose ésophagienne. Après l’endoscopie initiale, seuls les malades présentant un stade IIB ou IIIA sont retenus; les stades avec nécrose étendue (ésophagienne et/ou gastrique) sont exclus. Deux groupes sont individualisés: un groupe recevant une alimentation liquidienne stricte et précoce (G1) (n = 35), un groupe avec exclusion de l’alimentation orale et mise au repos du TDS (G2) (n = 30). Tous ces patients sont ensuite surveillés jusqu’à l’apparition de la sténose ésophagienne et dilatés 30 à 35 jours après l’ingestion du produit caustique. Le résultat de la dilatation est jugé après un suivi minimal d’un an, sur l’évolution de la dysphagie, le diamètre de la sténose et le nombre de séances de dilatation. Résultats: Au cours du suivi, 3 patients sont perdus de vue, 6 sont décédés de causes diverses (1 dans le groupe G1 et 5 dans le groupe G2, dont 2 suites à la jéjunostomie). Les résultats sont analysés sur 56 patients (G1: n = 31, G2: n = 25). Les deux groupes sont statistiquement comparables pour l’âge, le sexe, le type de produit caustique et la sévérité de la sténose. Le nombre moyen de séances de dilatation est de 10 ± 5,3 dans le groupe G1 vs 8 ± 3,6 dans le groupe G2 sans différence statistiquement significative. Les résultats à long terme sont très bons avec respectivement 87 vs 92% de succès (p < 0,93). Un cas de perforation est enregistré dans chaque groupe. Aucun malade n’a nécessité de plastie ésophagienne. Conclusion: Notre étude montre que l’alimentation orale liquidienne stricte et précoce ne semble pas aggraver les lésions caustiques ésophagiennes, ni altérer les résultats de la dilatation. En outre, elle est simple à réaliser, peu coûteuse, permet un apport nutritionnel satisfaisant et évite l’hospitalisation et les incidents ou accidents liés à l’alimentation artificielle en particulier les complications de la jéjunostomie qui peuvent être graves, parfois mortelles.
Coronary Artery Calcium Volume and Density
Authors: Michael H. Criqui, Jessica B. Knox, Julie O. Denenberg, Nketi I. Forbang, Robyn L. McClelland, Thomas E. Novotny, Veit Sandfort, Jill Waalen, Michael J. Blaha, Matthew A. Allison
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2017)
Genotypic and Phenotypic Features of BAP1 Cancer Syndrome
Authors: Alexandra M. Haugh, Ching-Ni Njauw, Jeffrey A. Bubley, Anna Elisa Verzì, Bin Zhang, Emily Kudalkar, Timothy VandenBoom, Kara Walton, Brian L. Swick, Raj Kumar, Huma Q. Rana, Sarah Cochrane, Shelley R. McCormick, Christopher R. Shea, Hensin Tsao, Pedram Gerami
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

Patients with germline mutations in BAP1 may develop several flesh-colored melanocytic BAP1-mutated atypical intradermal tumors (MBAITs). These tumors generally develop earlier than other BAP1-associated tumors, highlighting an important role for dermatologists in identifying and screening patients with a history suggestive of a germline mutation.To describe 8 new families with germline mutations in BAP1 and provide a comprehensive review of reported cases.Patients were identified in an outpatient dermatology clinical setting over a 6-month period (10 mutation carriers from 8 families) and through a literature review using PubMed (205 patients).Mutations were identified through next-generation sequencing of saliva or blood samples, and RNA was extracted from fibroblasts cultured from a patient with an intronic variant to determine the impact of the mutation on the coding sequence.All 215 patients were assessed for personal and/or family history and genotype. These findings were compiled and assessed for any association between genotype and phenotype.Overall, this study included 215 patients (108 women, 91 men, and 16 gender unspecified; median [range] age, 46.5 [10.0-79.0] years). Nine of the 10 patients who were identified in the outpatient dermatology setting were found to have MBAITs on clinical examination. Forty of 53 patients (75%) identified in the literature review who underwent total-body skin examinations (TBSE) were found to have MBAITs, suggesting a high penetrance in patients who have undergone TBSE. The most prevalent malignancies among BAP1 mutation carriers were uveal melanoma (n = 60 [28%]), mesothelioma (n = 48 [22%]), cutaneous melanoma (n = 38 [18%]), and renal cell carcinoma (n = 20 [9%]). A total of 71 unique mutations in BAP1 have been reported.Our results indicate that germline mutations in both coding and noncoding regions throughout the BAP1 gene can impair protein function, leading to an increased risk for several associated malignancies. Four of the 8 probands we present had no history of BAP1-associated malignancies and were assessed for germline mutations when found to have MBAITs on dermatologic examination. Dermatologists can identify patients with a high likelihood of the BAP1 cancer syndrome through personal and family history and TBSE for the presence of possible MBAITs.
08.38 Sjögren’s syndrome associated autoimmune manifestations involve the er stress protein erdj5
Authors: Apostolou Eirini, Moustardas Petros, Iwawaki Takao, Spyrou Giannis, G Tzioufas Athanassios
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background/objective</h3> Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that mainly affects the exocrine glands, with largely unknown initiation and causative agents. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress proteins have been suggested to participate in autoimmune and inflammatory responses, either by acting as autoantigens themselves, or by modulating factors in inflammatory responses. ERdj5 is an ER-resident chaperone protein with a disulfide reductase activity, required for the translocation of misfolded proteins across the ER for proteasomal degradation. In this study we sought to investigate the role of ERdj5 in the salivary glands, in association with inflammation and autoimmunity. <h3>Methods</h3> <i>In situ</i> expression of ERdj5 was studied immunohistochemically in Minor Salivary Gland (MSG) tissues from primary SS-patients and non-SS sicca-complaining controls. Submaxillary glands and sera from both male and female ERdj5-knockout mice and age-matched wild types were collected at 6, 34 and 52 weeks of age. Tissue samples were analysed microscopically, while sera were screened for anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs). <h3>Results</h3> Human MSGs expressed ERdj5 with higher stain intensity in the MSGs of SS patients compared to non-SS sicca controls. Particularly, the intensity of expression was correlated with the grade of the inflammatory lesions. Mice deficient in ERdj5 spontaneously developed SS-like inflammation in submaxillary glands and ANAs systemically. Inflammation was characterised by B and T infiltrating lymphocytes. Notably, female ERdj5-knockout mice developed severe chronic periductal inflammation in contrast to the much milder phenotype found in male littermates. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Salivary glands of ERdj5-knockout mice resemble the pathologic lesions of human Sjögren's Syndrome, whereas ERdj5 was induced in MSGs of SS patients. Our findings suggest a critical connexion between the function of the ER stress chaperone protein ERdj5 and autoimmune inflammatory responses in the salivary glands.
A probabilistic decision model using non-invasive fibrosis markers in Primary Care NAFLD pathways predicts increased cirrhosis detection rates and reduced overall healthcare expenditure
Authors: A. Srivastava, S. Jong, A. Gola, L. Fenlon, P. Scantlebury, S. Tanwar, H. Liu, R.E. Gailer, S. Morgan, A. Warner, K. Sennett, J. Parkes, Beirne J. O, E. Tsochatzis, W.M. Rosenberg
Journal: Hepatology (2015)
Primary antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori in the Asia-Pacific region: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu-Ting Kuo, Jyh-Ming Liou, Emad M El-Omar, Jeng-Yih Wu, Alex Hwong Ruey Leow, Khean Lee Goh, Rajashree Das, Hong Lu, Jaw-Town Lin, Yu-Kang Tu, Yoshio Yamaoka, Ming-Shiang Wu
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2017)