tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
3D printing of bone tissue engineering scaffolds
Authors: Chong Wang, Wei Huang, Yu Zhou, Libing He, Zhi He, Ziling Chen, Xiao He, Shuo Tian, Jiaming Liao, Bingheng Lu, Yen Wei, Min Wang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

Tissue engineering is promising in realizing successful treatments of human body tissue loss that current methods cannot treat well or achieve satisfactory clinical outcomes. In scaffold-based bone tissue engineering, a high performance scaffold underpins the success of a bone tissue engineering strategy and a major direction in the field is to produce bone tissue engineering scaffolds with desirable shape, structural, physical, chemical and biological features for enhanced biological performance and for regenerating complex bone tissues. Three-dimensional (3D) printing can produce customized scaffolds that are highly desirable for bone tissue engineering. The enormous interest in 3D printing and 3D printed objects by the science, engineering and medical communities has led to various developments of the 3D printing technology and wide investigations of 3D printed products in many industries, including biomedical engineering, over the past decade. It is now possible to create novel bone tissue engineering scaffolds with customized shape, architecture, favorable macro-micro structure, wettability, mechanical strength and cellular responses. This article provides a concise review of recent advances in the R & D of 3D printing of bone tissue engineering scaffolds. It also presents our philosophy and research in the designing and fabrication of bone tissue engineering scaffolds through 3D printing.
Adjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) for resected gastric cancer (GC): A population-based study.
Authors: Albert Y. Lin, Brice Jabo, Liang Ji, John S. Macdonald, Peter Ravdin, John W. Morgan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e15569 Background: Results from SWOG9008/ Intergroup 0116 trial, published in 2001, documented that CRT improved survival for GC patients in the adjuvant setting and established postoperative CRT as the standard of care. An updated analysis, published in 2012, showed sustained benefits of adjuvant CRT with a median follow-up of 10.3 years. Our study was initiated to examine if the persistent benefits would be applicable to a population-based setting. Methods: Data from the statewide California Cancer Registry (CCR) database for patients diagnosed with stage IIIIC GC, age 24-88 years from 2004-2012 were analyzed and compared with individual data from SWOG9008 for overall survival (OS) using Cox regression analysis. Covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, T-stage, number of positive lymph nodes, diffuse vs. intestinal histology subtypes and the primary tumor location. Results: Among the 2,046 CCR patients who underwent GC resection, 1,570 received surgery only, while 476 (23.3%) also received CRT. OS benefits were evident for patients receiving combined modality treatment versus surgery alone for both SWOG9008 study subjects and CCR patients [HR = 0.72 (95%CI = 0.59-0.87) and HR = 0.54(95%CI = 0.45-0.63), respectively]. Other results include evidence of significant OS benefits for patients who are younger, diagnosed with smaller T-size, have fewer positive lymph nodes, and those with non-diffuse histology. Percentage of patients who were treated with CRT was: 19% (2004), 27% (2005), 26% (2006), 16% (2007), 18% (2008), 20% (2009), 27% (2010), 26% (2011), and 27% (2012) (P < 0.05; Cochran–Armitage test for trend). Conclusions: The OS benefits of CRT in the adjuvant setting for GC patients were in concordance between SWOG9008 patients and the CCR patients, as were prognostic factors. The proportion of patients who underwent adjuvant CRT declined for 2007, concomitant with publication of findings from other studies suggesting benefits from postoperative or perioperative chemotherapy. However, use of CRT increased during ensuing years and eventually stabilized at the pre-2007 level. Overall, only about 25% of CCR patients received CRT adjuvant to surgery from 2004-2012.
Reducing VTE event rates in complex abdominal cancer surgery: A retrospective, single institute comparison of dextran vs heparin.
Authors: Richard Sleightholm, John Burt, Duncan Watley, Steven Wahlmeier, Asish Patel, Jason M. Foster
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e18102 Background: VTE rates in cytoreductive surgery (CRS) for peritoneal metastasis (PM) without prophylaxis are high, 30-50%. Many factors in this population promote VTE events including tumor burden, tumor hypercoagulability, performance status, procedure duration, inflammation, and immobility. In CRS the major deterrent to heparin based prophylaxis is the significant bleeding risks inherent in these procedures which often require multi-visceral resections. When heparin prophylaxis is employed it is often postoperative, and rates still remain as high as 20%. As an alternative to heparin, Dextran has been used in PM patients at our institution both pre and postoperatively. Herein we compare VTE events for heparin & dextran in 140 PM patients who underwent CRS. Methods: A retrospective analysis (2010-15) identified 76 and 64 patients who underwent CRS and received dextran-40 or heparin, respectively. Dextran was started (25 ml/hr) in the OR prior to incision and maintained for at least 72 hours postoperatively. Similarly, unfractionated heparin 5000U was administered prior to incision and continued post-operatively throughout the entire hospital stay. SCDs were used in all patients, and physical therapy ambulated patients daily. The incidences of perioperative bleeding and VTE rates in-hospital and 90-day were determined. Results: Both dextran and heparin therapies were tolerated without any adverse events. Length of stay for patients receiving dextran or heparin was 12 and 14 days respectively. In-patient and 90 day VTE rates were found to be 5.8 v 10.2% and 2.5 v 4.3% for dextran v heparin respectively. No pulmonary emboli were observed in the dextran group, while 2 patients were identified in the heparin group. Overall VTE event rates were 7.9 and 14.3% (p = 0.36). Conclusions: Although VTE rates were lower in those receiving dextran, this was not statistically significant. Based on these findings, dextran appears to be a safe and effective alternative to heparin based prophylaxis in those undergoing advanced abdominal surgeries. A non-inferiority clinical trial is warranted and necessary to validate the safety/utility of Dextran based VTE prophylaxis compared to UFH or LMWH.
Mir-130a Is Aberrantly Overexpressed in Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21) and Its Suppression Induces AML Cell Death
Authors: Haiping Dai, Chao Ding, Suning Chen, Roderick A. F. MacLeod, Stefan Ehrentraut, Hans G. Drexler, Stefan Nagel, Depei Wu, Aining Sun
Journal: Blood (2016)
Phase I dose-escalation study of fractionated-dose <sup>177</sup>Lu-PSMA-617 for progressive metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
Authors: Scott T. Tagawa, Shankar Vallabhajosula, Jaspreet Batra, Paul J. Christos, Yuliya Jhanwar, Stanley J. Goldsmith, David M. Nanus, Himisha Beltran, Ana M. Molina, Bishoy Faltas, Amy Hackett, Jyothi Sreekumar, John Babich, Neil Harrison Bander
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

TPS5093 Background: PC is a radiosensitive disease. PSMA is selectively overexpressed in advanced PC with upregulation by androgen receptor (AR) pathway dysregulation; limited expression exists in other organs. A series of sequential studies of radiolabeled anti-PSMA antibody J591 revealed 1) targeting and safety [Bander 2003]; 2) safety and prelim efficacy [Milowsky 2004, Bander 2005]; 3) efficacy and initial dose-response [Tagawa 2013]; 4) dose-fractionation allows higher doses, ability to combine with docetaxel, confirmation of dose-response (PSA and overall survival) [ASCO 2010, 2014, 2016]; 5) predictable, reversible myelosuppression is dose-limiting [Tagawa 2013]. Small molecule PSMA inhibitor ligands can be successfully radiolabeled and are widely used for imaging and treatment in Europe. 177 Lu-PSMA-617 is the most commonly used, but experience is mostly anecdotal/retrospective and no formal dose-escalation studies have been performed. Methods: Men with progressive mCRPC following at least 1 potent AR-targeted agent (e.g. abi/enza) and docetaxel (or unfit/refuse chemo) without limit of # prior therapies provided adequate organ function will undergo imaging with 68 Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC PET/CT followed by escalating fractionated doses of 177 Lu-PSMA-617. Cohort 1 = 3.7 GBq x2 two weeks apart up to 11.1 GBq x2 in a 3+3 dose-escalation study. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) is defined as attributable grade 4 heme toxicity or grade 3/4 non-heme toxicity. Planned cohort expansion will occur at recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) in a 2-stage design. The primary endpoint is determination of DLT and RP2D. Secondary endpoints include toxicity, PSA decline rate, RECIST response, PFS, rPFS, OS. Correlatives include baseline/follow up PSMA imaging, whole body distribution of 177 Lu-PSMA-617, CTC count (CellSearch) changes, tissue and circulating genomic assessment of DNA repair pathways, patient reported outcomes (FACT-P and BPI-SF). Clinical trial information: NCT03042468.
Association Between Preoperative Hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub>Levels, Postoperative Hyperglycemia, and Readmissions Following Gastrointestinal Surgery
Authors: Caroline E. Jones, Laura A. Graham, Melanie S. Morris, Joshua S. Richman, Robert H. Hollis, Tyler S. Wahl, Laurel A. Copeland, Edith A. Burns, Kamal M. F. Itani, Mary T. Hawn
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

Preoperative hyperglycemia is associated with adverse postoperative outcomes among patients who undergo surgery. Whether preoperative hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) or postoperative glucose levels are more useful in predicting adverse events following surgery is uncertain in the current literature.To examine the use of preoperative HbA1c and early postoperative glucose levels for predicting postoperative complications and readmission.In this observational cohort study, inpatient gastrointestinal surgical procedures performed at 117 Veterans Affairs hospitals from 2007 to 2014 were identified, and cases of known infection within 3 days before surgery were excluded. Preoperative HbA1c levels were examined as a continuous and categorical variable (<5.7%, 5.7%-6.5%, and >6.5%). A logistic regression modeled postoperative complications and readmissions with the closest preoperative HbA1c within 90 days and the highest postoperative glucose levels within 48 hours of undergoing surgery.Postoperative complications and 30-day unplanned readmission following discharge.Of 21 541 participants, 1193 (5.5%) were women, and the mean (SD) age was 63.7 (10.6) years. The cohort included 23 094 operations with measurements of preoperative HbA1c levels and postoperative glucose levels. The complication and 30-day readmission rates were 27.2% and 14.7%, respectively. In logistic regression models adjusting for HbA1c, postoperative glucose levels, postoperative insulin use, diabetes, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared), and other patient and procedural factors, peak postoperative glucose levels of more than 250 mg/dL were associated with increased 30-day readmissions (odds ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.99-1.41; P = .07). By contrast, a preoperative HbA1c of more than 6.5% was associated with decreased 30-day readmissions (odds ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74-0.96; P = .01). As preoperative HbA1c increased, the frequency of 48-hour postoperative glucose checks increased (4.92, 6.89, and 9.71 for an HbA1c <5.7%, 5.7%-6.4%, and >6.5%, respectively; P < .001). Patients with a preoperative HbA1c of more than 6.5% had lower thresholds for postoperative insulin use.Early postoperative hyperglycemia was associated with increased readmission, but elevated preoperative HbA1c was not. A higher preoperative HbA1c was associated with increased postoperative glucose level checks and insulin use, suggesting that heightened postoperative vigilance and a lower threshold to treat hyperglycemia may explain this finding.
Pathologic Changes, With Special Reference to Pigmentation and Classification of Hepatic Tumors in Rats Fed &lt;italic&gt;p&lt;/italic&gt;-Dimethylaminoazobenzene (Butter Yellow)&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Jesse E. Edwards, Julius White
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1941)

Pathologic Changes, With Special Reference to Pigmentation and Classification of Hepatic Tumors in Rats Fed p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene (Butter Yellow) Jesse E. Edwards, Jesse E. Edwards research fellow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Julius White Julius White research fellow National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 2, Issue 2, October 1941, Pages 157–183, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/2.2.157 Published: 01 October 1941
The top 10 research priorities in cystic fibrosis developed by a partnership between people with CF and healthcare providers
Authors: Nicola J Rowbotham, Sherie Smith, Paul A Leighton, Oli C Rayner, Katie Gathercole, Zoe C Elliott, Edward F Nash, Tracey Daniels, Alistair J A Duff, Sarah Collins, Suja Chandran, Ursula Peaple, Matthew N Hurley, Keith Brownlee, Alan R Smyth
Journal: Thorax (2017)

There remain many treatment uncertainties in cystic fibrosis (CF). With limited resources, research should focus on questions which are most important to the CF community. We conducted a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership in CF. Research questions were elicited and then prioritised in successive surveys. A workshop agreed the final top 10. Online methods avoided cross infection and widened participation. The elicitation survey had 482 respondents (1080 questions) and prioritisation survey 677 respondents. Participants were drawn equally from the patient and clinical communities globally. We have achieved a consensus on 10 research priorities which will be attractive to funders.
Notes from the Field: <i>Cronobacter sakazakii</i> Infection Associated with Feeding Extrinsically Contaminated Expressed Human Milk to a Premature Infant — Pennsylvania, 2016
Authors: Anna Bowen, Harold C. Wiesenfeld, Jennifer L. Kloesz, A. William Pasculle, Andrew J. Nowalk, LuAnn Brink, Elisa Elliot, Haley Martin, Cheryl L. Tarr
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)
S1PR1 on tumor-associated macrophages promotes lymphangiogenesis and metastasis via NLRP3/IL-1β
Authors: Benjamin Weichand, Rüdiger Popp, Sarah Dziumbla, Javier Mora, Elisabeth Strack, Eiman Elwakeel, Ann-Christin Frank, Klaus Scholich, Sandra Pierre, Shahzad N. Syed, Catherine Olesch, Julia Ringleb, Bilge Ören, Claudia Döring, Rajkumar Savai, Michaela Jung, Andreas von Knethen, Bodo Levkau, Ingrid Fleming, Andreas Weigert, Bernhard Brüne
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2017)

Metastasis is the primary cause of cancer death. The inflammatory tumor microenvironment contributes to metastasis, for instance, by recruiting blood and lymph vessels. Among tumor-infiltrating immune cells, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) take a center stage in promoting both tumor angiogenesis and metastatic spread. We found that genetic deletion of the S1P receptor 1 (S1pr1) alone in CD11bhi CD206+ TAMs infiltrating mouse breast tumors prevents pulmonary metastasis and tumor lymphangiogenesis. Reduced lymphangiogenesis was also observed in the nonrelated methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma model. Transcriptome analysis of isolated TAMs from both entities revealed reduced expression of the inflammasome component Nlrp3 in S1PR1-deficient TAMs. Macrophage-dependent lymphangiogenesis in vitro was triggered upon inflammasome activation and required both S1PR1 signaling and IL-1β production. Finally, NLRP3 expression in tumor-infiltrating macrophages correlated with survival, lymph node invasion, and metastasis of mammary carcinoma patients. Conceptually, our study indicates an unappreciated role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in promoting metastasis via the lymphatics downstream of S1PR1 signaling in macrophages.
The Intensive Care Medicine research agenda on critically ill oncology and hematology patients
Authors: Elie Azoulay, Peter Schellongowski, Michael Darmon, Philippe R. Bauer, Dominique Benoit, Pieter Depuydt, Jigeeshu V. Divatia, Virginie Lemiale, Maarten van Vliet, Anne-Pascale Meert, Djamel Mokart, Stephen M. Pastores, Anders Perner, Frédéric Pène, Peter Pickkers, Kathryn A. Puxty, Francois Vincent, Jorge Salluh, Ayman O. Soubani, Massimo Antonelli, Thomas Staudinger, Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon, Marcio Soares
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2017)
Docetaxel (T) + capecitabine (X) with or without trastuzumab (H) neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced breast cancer (BC): Phase II study
Authors: W. Lybaert, H. Wildiers, P. Neven, F. Amant, M. Christiaens, E. Van Limbergen, C. Weltens, R. Drijkoningen, G. Debrock, R. Paridaens
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

11042 Background: In MBC, adding X to T improves RR, TTP and OS; adding X to TH improves TTP. XT±H is appealing in early BC because H serum concentrations fall during the peri-operative period, potentially reducing the risk of overlapping cardiac toxicity with adjuvant anthracyclines. Methods: Pts with newly diagnosed invasive stage III inoperable BC (cT4 and/or cN2–3) received six 21d cycles of oral X 900 mg/m 2 bid d1–14 + iv T 36 mg/m 2 d1&amp;8 (+ H on d1 in pts with HER2+ [IHC 3+/FISH+] tumors: 8 mg/kg cycle 1, 6 mg/kg cycles 2–6). After surgery, pts received 4–6 cycles of FEC100 and radiotherapy (+ hormone therapy and H when indicated). Clinical response was assessed after cycles 3 and 6, safety after each cycle, and pathological complete response (pCR: no residual invasive tumor in breast and axilla) after surgery. Results: 71 of 89 planned pts have completed XT±H (Table); 64 have undergone surgery (53 mastectomies, 9 wide excisions, 2 axillary lymph node dissections only). 51 pts are evaluable for safety. The most common treatment-related adverse events (AEs; G1- 2/G3) were stomatitis (61%/8%), nausea (61%/6%), diarrhea (41%/22%), fatigue (57%/4%), neuropathy (59%/0), lacrimation (57%/0) and hand- foot syndrome (33%/16%). Other G3 AEs were anorexia (14%) and vomiting (10%); neutropenic fever occurred in 4 pts (8%). 24 pts had a dose reduction for G2–3 AEs (X 47%, T 27%). 7 pts stopped therapy prematurely for AEs. No unexpected AEs occurred with anthracycline-based adjuvant therapy. Conclusions: Although all pts experienced at least one AE, toxicity was predictable and manageable with dose reduction. Based on the encouraging efficacy of XT+H in HER2+ pts, we are expanding this arm. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Immunization of Lewis rats with a prostate cancer xenoantigen elicits predominantly xenoantigen epitope-specific T cell responses
Authors: Laura E. Johnson, Thomas P. Frye, Douglas G. McNeel
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

1174  Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) is a prostate cancer tumor antigen and a prostate-specific protein shared by rats and humans. Previous studies have demonstrated that rats immunized with the human homologue (hPAP) develop a cross-reactive immune response to the rat homologue (rPAP). We are currently investigating a plasmid DNA-based vaccine targeting prostatic acid phosphatase. Here, we investigate the mechanism behind the ability of the DNA vaccine to elicit a cross-reactive immune response by identifying epitopes of PAP recognized by T cells. Our working hypothesis is that immunization with a xenoantigen will result in the recognition of immunodominant epitope(s) of human PAP that are recognized by T cells with a cross-reactive response to the corresponding rat epitopes. To test this hypothesis, Lewis rats were immunized intradermally with a DNA vaccine encoding human PAP. Using a PAP peptide library, PAP-specific epitopes recognized by T cells in the Lewis rat model were mapped. PAP-specific T cell proliferation and interferon gamma production indicated two major immunogenic peptides of human PAP were recognized after immunization with hPAP DNA vaccine. However, the corresponding rat PAP peptides were not recognized. Rats immunized with these hPAP immunogenic peptides developed an immune response to the peptides and to the human PAP protein as determined by PAP-specific and peptide-specific T cell proliferation. These studies confirm that these peptides comprise naturally presented epitopes of hPAP. Overall, immunization with a DNA vaccine encoding a xenoantigen biases the immune response towards the foreign protein thus potentially limiting the cross-reactive response to the autoantigen.
Autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) in myeloma to improve patient reported physical function and fatigue.
Authors: Geetika Bhatt, Don M. Benson, Yvonne Adeduni Efebera, Craig C. Hofmeister, Samantha Mary Jaglowski, Steven Michael Devine, Tanya Marya Wildes, Ying Huang, Desiree Jones, Ashley Elizabeth Rosko
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

10044 Background: Patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM) report some of the poorest Health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Few studies show how ASCT influences global health outcomes as measured by a Geriatric Assessment (GA). We performed a prospective GA evaluating the dynamic changes in health pre- and post-ASCT. Methods: 100 pts with plasma cell dyscrasia (median (m) = 60 yrs, range (r) = 36-75 yrs) underwent GA pre-ASCT, 90 days and 1-yr post-ASCT. GA included nutritional survey, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), handgrip strength, self-reported Human Activity Profile (HAP) Maximum Activity Score (MAS) and Adjusted Activity Score (AAS). Data were analyzed using paired t-test (p &lt; 0.05). Results: Pts reported moderate fatigue pre-ASCT (m = 4.6, r: 0-9.8) which normalized at 1-yr (m = 2.5, r: 0-7.3; p = 0.008). Self-reported pre-ASCT physical function (MAS) (m = 73, r = 20-94) improved at 1-yr (m = 75.5, r = 52-94; p = 0.014); AAS (m = 64, r = 18-94) also improved at 1-yr (m = 70.5, r = 38-91; p = 0.025). In contrast, MD-reported KPS decreased. Screens for deficits in anxiety, depression, social support, objective physical function, handgrip strength and wt loss did not change significantly at 1-yr. Conclusions: Our data indicate that ASCT significantly improves patient-reported fatigue and physical function, unlike MD-reported KPS. [Table: see text]
Heavy drinking predicted to kill 63 000 people over the next five years
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Almost 63 000 people in England will die over the next five years from liver problems linked to heavy drinking, researchers have predicted, prompting doctors to call for the government to introduce minimum alcohol pricing to tackle the problem of cheap alcohol.

The analysis, by Sheffield University’s Alcohol Research Group for the Foundation for Liver Research, predicts that alcohol misuse will lead to 62 905 deaths between 2017 and 2022, and 4.2 million hospital admissions. A total of 32 475 of the deaths will be the result of liver cancer and another 22 519 …