tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
BCVS Conference 2009 Abstracts
Authors: Susan Varghese, Kathryn Rafferty, Archana Boopathy, Gokulakrishnan Seshadri, Young-Sup Yoon, Robert Taylor, Michael Davis, Shigeki Miyamoto, Nicole Purcell, Tianyan Gao, Audrey O'neill, Alexandra Newton, Chris Glembotski, Joan Brown, Peiyong Zhai, Jonathan Galeotti, Junichi Sadoshima, Prasanna Krishnamurthy, Erin Lambers, Kavita Betkerur, Gangjian Qin, Douglas Losordo, Raj Kishore, Sharad Rastogi, Michael Sabbah, Hani Sabbah
Journal: Circulation Research (2009)

Increased superoxide following myocardial infarction (MI) damages the local myocardium, and through dismutation to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), increases lipid peroxidation and cardiac fibrosis.Myocardial levels of the H 2 O 2 scavenger catalase decrease in the weeks following infarction and its absence may also lead to incomplete regeneration by stem cells.However, little work has been done to study the role of timing on catalase therapy for cardiac regeneration and adult stem cell efficacy.To study this, we created a tamoxifen-inducible, cardiac-specific catalase overexpressing mouse.Following tamoxifen treatment, there was a significant increase in cardiac catalase activity in transgenic mice (0.9Ϯ0.3 vs. 3.6Ϯ0.5U/mg), as well as an increase in protein levels.To test this overexpression in an injury setting, we examined two situations, either inducing catalase overexpression before MI, or in the days following.Myocyte-specific catalase overexpression decreased H 2 O 2 production 7 days following MI (SH ϭ 1.2Ϯ0.2,MI ϭ 3.3Ϯ0.6,CAT SH ϭ 1.5Ϯ0.2,CAT MI ϭ 1.4Ϯ0.3nM/mg/min).Interestingly, if catalase was induced prior to MI, there was an improvement in function seen at this 7 day time point.However, if catalase was induced immediately following MI, despite the reduction in H 2 O 2 levels, there was no effect on function.In these mice, expression of pro-fibrotic genes was significantly downregulated, suggesting a potential benefit in fibrosis.To determine the effects of temporal H 2 O 2 generation on adult stem cells, cardiac stem cells (CSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were examined.We found that H 2 O 2 inhibited the cardiogenic differentiation of both CSCs and MSCs, yet the effects in MSCs were absent after 2 weeks, suggesting compensatory mechanism.In CSCs, H 2 O 2 strongly modulated microRNA-1 levels, and this may explain the failure to differentiate.Interestingly, in both MSCs and CSCs, a role for H 2 O 2 modulating Notch signaling was observed.In summary our data suggest that beneficial effects of catalase may be time-specific and specific to the exact cells being used in stem cell therapy applications.These studies give valuable insight in to the ideal timing for catalase protein therapy, and may have effects on the efficacy stem cell therapy.
Review: Sulfonylureas are associated with overall mortality and CV events vs other antihyperglycemics in T2DM
Authors: Donald A. Smith
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Source Citation Bain S, Druyts E, Balijepalli C, et al. Cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality associated with sulphonylureas compared with other antihyperglycaemic drugs: a Bayesian meta-analysis of survival data. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2017;19:329-35. 27862902
Clinical Outcomes of patients (pts) with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with <i>nab</i>-paclitaxel + carboplatin (<i>nab</i>-P/C) and solvent-based paclitaxel + carboplatin (sb-P/C) stratified by age and renal function: a retrospective analysis of a phase III trial.
Authors: Eric Bernicker, Mark A. Socinski, Amy Ko, Teng Jin Ong, Corey J. Langer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e19020 Background: Risk of renal impairment increases with age. In a phase III trial, first-line nab-P/C significantly improved ORR (primary endpoint) vs sb-P/C in pts with advanced NSCLC (Socinski et al. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30:2055-62). A subanalysis of the ITT population showed that nab-P/C was effective and well tolerated in pts with renal impairment (Langer et al. Clin Lung Cancer. 2014 [Epub Sep 30]). This analysis further examines outcomes stratified by age and renal function. Methods: Pts with untreated stage IIIB/IV NSCLC were randomized 1:1 to C AUC 6 day 1 and either nab-P 100 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, 15 or sb-P 200 mg/m2day 1 q 21 days. Treatment was continued until progression. Renal function was assessed at baseline in a central lab and adverse event data summarized by MedDRA. Results: Efficacy outcomes in pts with mild renal impairment (creatinine clearance [CrCl] > 50 to ≤ 80 mL/min) and normal renal function (CrCl > 80 mL/min) stratified by age are shown in the table. In pts ≥ 60 y, nab-P/C vs sb-P/C consistently demonstrated greater treatment effect for ORR and similar or better PFS and OS regardless of renal function. In general, toxicity profiles of each regimen were in line with data previously reported. Conclusions: The results suggest that clinical outcomes of advanced NSCLC pts with mild renal dysfunction are generally greater for nab-P/C vs sb-P/C. Mild renal dysfunction does not appear to be a clinical restriction for receiving nab-P/C. Clinical trial information: NCT00540514. Age, y CrCl > 50 to ≤ 80 mL/min CrCl > 80mL/min nab-P/C sb-P/C nab-P/C sb-P/C < 60 n = 74 n = 66 n = 177 n = 179 ORR, % 32 21 31 25 RRR P value 1.53 .136 1.26 .172 Median PFS, mo 8.2 5.6 5.6 6.7 HR P value .80 .363 1.09 .559 Median OS, mo 10.1 9.1 11.4 12.8 HR P value 1.06 .790 1.15 .271 ≥ 60 to < 70 n = 86 n = 94 n = 90 n = 92 ORR, % 40 30 30 25 RRR P value 1.33 .169 1.20 .450 Median PFS, mo 7.3 5.7 5.6 5.6 HR P value .69 .070 1.00 .999 Median OS, mo 15.7 13.6 11.4 11.1 HR P value .74 .124 .93 .671 ≥ 70 n = 38 n = 46 n = 22 n = 20 ORR, % 32 28 45 25 RRR P value 1.12 .741 1.82 .167 Median PFS, mo 10.0 8.2 7.0 7.0 HR P value .60 .196 .93 .888 Median OS, mo 18.3 13.6 22.3 8.4 HR P value .73 .274 .34 .017
Incidence of Infectious Complications Associated with Bendamustine and Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Combination at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)
Authors: Thu Oanh Dang, Ai Ni, John F Gerecitano, Paul A Hamlin, Tobias M Hohl, Anita Kumar, Alison J. Moskowitz, Craig H Moskowitz, Ariela Noy, Lia Palomba, Carol S Portlock, Matthew J. Matasar, Anas Younes, Andrew D. Zelenetz, David J Straus
Journal: Blood (2016)
Wnt5a Induces Association of ROR1 with 14-3-3ζ to Enhance Chemotaxis and Proliferation in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Jian Yu, Liguang Chen, Yun Chen, Ling Zhang, Laura Z. Rassenti, George F. Widhopf, Zhouxin Shen, Steven P. Briggs, Thomas J. Kipps
Journal: Blood (2016)
Vets Still Face Challenges in Receiving Timely Medical Care
Authors: Jeff Lyon
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FDA Approval of Eteplirsen for Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Stanley F. Nelson, M. Carrie Miceli
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is safe and effective for pediatric patients with chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Dan Wang, Ya-Wei Bi, Jun-Tao Ji, Lei Xin, Jun Pan, Zhuan Liao, Ting-Ting Du, Jin-Huan Lin, Di Zhang, Xiang-Peng Zeng, Bo Ye, Wen-Bin Zou, Hui Chen, Ting Xie, Bai-Rong Li, Zhao-Hong Zheng, Zhao-Shen Li, Liang-Hao Hu
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

<b>Background and aims</b> Pancreatic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (P-ESWL) is recommended as the first-line treatment for pancreatic stones. However, how well P-ESWL performs in pediatric patients remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of P-ESWL for pediatric patients with chronic pancreatitis. <b>Methods </b>This prospective observational study was conducted in patients with painful chronic pancreatitis who underwent P-ESWL. Patients aged under 18 years were included in the pediatric group; patients aged over 18 years who underwent P-ESWL in the same period were assigned to the control group. For investigation of long-term follow-up, the pediatric group were matched with patients from the control group in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcomes were P-ESWL complications and pain relief. The secondary outcomes included: stone clearance, physical and mental health, quality of life score, and growth and developmental state. <b>Results </b>From March 2011 to March 2015, P-ESWL was performed in 1135 patients (72 in the pediatric group, 1063 in the control group). No significant differences were observed in the occurrence of P-ESWL complications between the two groups (11.1 % vs. 12.8 %; <i>P</i> = 0.68). Among the 67 pediatric patients (93.1 %) who underwent follow-up for 3.0 years (range 1.3 – 5.2), complete pain relief was achieved in 52 patients (52 /67; 77.6 %); this value was not significantly different from that of the matched controls (55 /69; 79.7 %; <i>P</i> = 0.94). <b>Conclusions </b>P-ESWL is safe and effective for pediatric patients with chronic pancreatitis. It can promote significant pain relief and stone clearance, and can benefit growth and development.
Traceback: A Proposed Framework to Increase Identification and Genetic Counseling of <i>BRCA1</i> and <i>BRCA2</i> Mutation Carriers Through Family-Based Outreach
Authors: Goli Samimi, Marcus Q. Bernardini, Lawrence C. Brody, Charlisse F. Caga-anan, Ian G. Campbell, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Fergus J. Couch, Michael Dean, Joanne A. de Hullu, Susan M. Domchek, Ronny Drapkin, Heather Spencer Feigelson, Michael Friedlander, Mia M. Gaudet, Marline G. Harmsen, Karen Hurley, Paul A. James, Janice S. Kwon, Felicitas Lacbawan, Stephanie Lheureux, Phuong L. Mai, Leah E. Mechanic, Lori M. Minasian, Evan R. Myers, Mark E. Robson, Susan J. Ramus, Lisa F. Rezende, Patricia A. Shaw, Thomas P. Slavin, Elizabeth M. Swisher, Masataka Takenaka, David D. Bowtell, Mark E. Sherman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

In May 2016, the Division of Cancer Prevention and the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, convened a workshop to discuss a conceptual framework for identifying and genetically testing previously diagnosed but unreferred patients with ovarian cancer and other unrecognized BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers to improve the detection of families at risk for breast or ovarian cancer. The concept, designated Traceback, was prompted by the recognition that although BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are frequent in women with ovarian cancer, many such women have not been tested, especially if their diagnosis predated changes in testing guidelines. The failure to identify mutation carriers among probands represents a lost opportunity to prevent cancer in unsuspecting relatives through risk-reduction intervention in mutation carriers and to provide appropriate reassurances to noncarriers. The Traceback program could provide an important opportunity to reach families from racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups who historically have not sought or been offered genetic counseling and testing and thereby contribute to a reduction in health disparities in women with germline BRCA mutations. To achieve an interdisciplinary perspective, the workshop assembled international experts in genetics, medical and gynecologic oncology, clinical psychology, epidemiology, genomics, cost-effectiveness modeling, pathology, bioethics, and patient advocacy to identify factors to consider when undertaking a Traceback program. This report highlights the workshop deliberations with the goal of stimulating research and providing a framework for pilot studies to assess the feasibility and ethical and logistical considerations related to the development of best practices for implementation of Traceback studies.
Safety and use of bendamustine from the Bendamustine Expanded Access Trial in Canada (Bend-ACT).
Authors: C. Tom Kouroukis, Michael Crump, David MacDonald, Jean-Francois Larouche, Douglas Allan Stewart, James B Johnston, Stéphanie Sauvageau, Stéphanie G. Dubois, Laurie Helen Sehn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e19542 Background: Bendamustine (B) is widely used in the treatment of indolent non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (iNHL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Methods: An expanded access trial with the primary objective of safety was conducted at 16 centres across Canada and enrolled patients (pts) from March 2012 to June 2013. Eligible pts were at least 18 years old, able to provide informed consent with relapsed/refractory iNHL and were previously treated with a rituximab-containing regimen or previously untreated for CLL, and had an ECOG performance status 0-2 and good organ function. Pts with iNHL received up to 8 cycles of B (120mg/m2) on days 1 and 2 every 21 or 28 days; pts with CLL were given B 100 mg/m2on days 1 and 2 every 28 days for up to 6 cycles. Dose adjustment algorithms were followed for toxicities. Pts were followed for up to 6 weeks after completion of treatment. Results: Ninety pts started on treatment (74 iNHL;16 CLL). The mean age was 64(range 40–90), 44% of the CLL pts were at least 70 years old. For iNHL pts, 77% were treated on a 28-day schedule, with a median of 6 cycles of treatment and 24.3% of pts received 8 cycles. Median time on treatment was 137 days (28–224 days). For CLL pts the majority received at least 3 cycles and median time on treatment was 91 days (28–168 days). All pts reported at least one adverse event (AE). Grade 3 or 4 toxicities resulted in dose delays in 31.1% of pts, with hematological toxicities being the most common reason (24.4%). Serious AEs were reported in 36.7% of pts and included fever (10%), gastrointestinal events (6.6%), febrile neutropenia (5.6%), pneumonia (5.5%), renal failure (3.3%), hypotension (2.2%), syncope (2.2%) and tumor lysis syndrome (2.2%). Overall mortality was 4.4%. AEs associated with death included Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, multi-organ failure (the only fatal AE deemed probably related to treatment), cardiac arrest, respiratory failure, and abdominal pain. Conclusions: In this expanded access trial, hematological toxicities were the most frequent reason for dose delays whereas infections or fever were the most common reason for serious AEs. Overall, the toxicity and safety profile of single agent B is consistent with other published studies in a similar pt population. Clinical trial information: NCT01500083.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Contributes to Immunosuppression in Breast Carcinomas
Authors: Anushka Dongre, Mohammad Rashidian, Ferenc Reinhardt, Aaron Bagnato, Zuzana Keckesova, Hidde L. Ploegh, Robert A. Weinberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cell biological program that confers mesenchymal traits on carcinoma cells and drives their metastatic dissemination. It is unclear, however, whether the activation of EMT in carcinoma cells can change their susceptibility to immune attack. We demonstrate here that mammary tumor cells arising from more epithelial carcinoma cell lines expressed high levels of MHC-I, low levels of PD-L1, and contained within their stroma CD8+ T cells and M1 (antitumor) macrophages. In contrast, tumors arising from more mesenchymal carcinoma cell lines exhibiting EMT markers expressed low levels of MHC-I, high levels of PD-L1, and contained within their stroma regulatory T cells, M2 (protumor) macrophages, and exhausted CD8+ T cells. Moreover, the more mesenchymal carcinoma cells within a tumor retained the ability to protect their more epithelial counterparts from immune attack. Finally, epithelial tumors were more susceptible to elimination by immunotherapy than corresponding mesenchymal tumors. Our results identify immune cells and immunomodulatory markers that can be potentially targeted to enhance the susceptibility of immunosuppressive tumors to various therapeutic regimens. Cancer Res; 77(15); 3982–9. ©2017 AACR.
The Rise of Radiomics and Implications for Oncologic Management
Authors: Vivek Verma, Charles B. Simone, Sunil Krishnan, Steven H. Lin, Jinzhong Yang, Stephen M. Hahn
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2017)

Clinical medicine, particularly oncology, is progressing toward personalized care. Whereas the terms genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics have dominated personalized medicine for the past couple decades, the concept of radiomics was first described in 2012. This nascent concept has major implications for personalized cancer care and involves extracting hundreds of standardized and quantifiable imaging characteristics from diagnostic computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging images. The central hypothesis of radiomics is that these libraries of quantitative individual voxel-based variables are more sensitively associated with various clinical endpoints compared with the more qualitative radiologic, histopathologic, and clinical data more commonly utilized today. Because radiomics offers immense potential but has not reached a mainstream oncologic audience, the authors discuss herein the role of radiomics in cancer care in the future.
Infographic. Is lower hip range of motion a risk factor for groin pain in athletes? A systematic review with clinical applications
Authors: Igor Tak, David Pope, Leonie Engelaar, Vincent Gouttebarge, Maarten Barendrecht, Sylvia Van den Heuvel, Gino Kerkhoffs, Rob Langhout, Janine Stubbe, Adam Weir
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

Four previous reviews1–4 found lower hip range of motion (ROM) to be a risk factor for the development of groin pain in athletes, but two reviews5 6 did not. A …
Cassava haplotype map highlights fixation of deleterious mutations during clonal propagation
Authors: Punna Ramu, Williams Esuma, Robert Kawuki, Ismail Y Rabbi, Chiedozie Egesi, Jessen V Bredeson, Rebecca S Bart, Janu Verma, Edward S Buckler, Fei Lu
Journal: Nature Genetics (2017)

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important staple food crop in Africa and South America; however, ubiquitous deleterious mutations may severely decrease its fitness. To evaluate these deleterious mutations, we constructed a cassava haplotype map through deep sequencing 241 diverse accessions and identified >28 million segregating variants. We found that (i) although domestication has modified starch and ketone metabolism pathways to allow for human consumption, the concomitant bottleneck and clonal propagation have resulted in a large proportion of fixed deleterious amino acid changes, increased the number of deleterious alleles by 26%, and shifted the mutational burden toward common variants; (ii) deleterious mutations have been ineffectively purged, owing to limited recombination in the cassava genome; (iii) recent breeding efforts have maintained yield by masking the most damaging recessive mutations in the heterozygous state but have been unable to purge the mutation burden; such purging should be a key target in future cassava breeding.
Lectures on Inhumanity: Teaching Medical Ethics in German Medical Schools Under Nazism
Authors: Florian Bruns, Tessa Chelouche
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Nazi medicine and its atrocities have been explored in depth over the past few decades, but scholars have started to examine medical ethics under Nazism only in recent years. Given the medical crimes and immoral conduct of physicians during the Third Reich, it is often assumed that Nazi medical authorities spurned ethics. However, in 1939, Germany introduced mandatory lectures on ethics as part of the medical curriculum. Course catalogs and archival sources show that lectures on ethics were an integral part of the medical curriculum in Germany between 1939 and 1945. Nazi officials established lecturer positions for the new subject area, named Medical Law and Professional Studies, at every medical school. The appointed lecturers were mostly early members of the Nazi Party and imparted Nazi political and moral values in their teaching. These values included the unequal worth of human beings, the moral imperative of preserving a pure Aryan people, the authoritarian role of the physician, the individual's obligation to stay healthy, and the priority of public health over individual-patient care. This article shows that there existed not only a Nazi version of medical ethics but also a systematic teaching of such ethics to students in Nazi Germany. The findings illustrate that, from a historical point of view, the notion of "eternal values" that are inherent to the medical profession is questionable. Rather, the prevailing medical ethos can be strongly determined by politics and the zeitgeist and therefore has to be repeatedly negotiated.