tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 157: A Highly Reproducible, Clinically Relevant Large Animal Model of Myocardial Ischemia and Heart Failure
Authors: Traci Goodchild, Michael Sweet, Ross Hutchison, Stephen Frohwein, Andrew Raines, Carlos Chang, Anna Fallon, Robert Matheny
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Background: Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of mortality in United States. Animal models used to test novel HF therapeutics are inadequate as pathological features of human HF are not replicated. Available large-animal swine myocardial ischemia (MI) models mimic human HF; however, do not achieve ejection fractions (EF) less than 40%. Objective: We sought to develop a reproducible swine MI model with EF below 35%. Methods: Yucatan miniature pigs (n=18) were anesthetized, catheterized and collagen suspension (COL) of microfibrillar hemostat (INSTAT MCH, Ethicon) mixed in contrast and saline solution was injected into the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) under fluoroscopic guidance. COL injections started distally and filled side branches during catheter retraction. Complete transient LAD occlusion was confirmed at 2hrs by coronary angiography. Cardiac function was evaluated at 3mos using a 1.5T MRI System (Siemens Magnetom Avanto). LV volumes at end systole (LVESD) and diastole (LVEDD), EF, wall thickness (WT) in area at risk (AAR) and normal zones (NZ) were calculated. Uninjected Yucatan pigs (n=3) served as controls. Results: Twelve of 18 pigs survived COL infarction. At 3mos, EF was reduced in COL injected pigs compared to control (27.0±2.3 vs. 61.6±1.3%, respectively, P&lt;0.001). LVESV and LVEDV were 4- and 2-fold higher and WT in AAR and NZ were reduced 6- and 2-fold, respectively in COL injected compared to controls. Conclusions: A reproducible large animal model of MI was produced by catheter based LAD collagen delivery resulting in EFs below 35% and progression to HF. By closely resembles human HF, it a highly useful for testing potential HF therapies.
P18.14 Usefulness of providing assistive techniques for QOL of malignant CNS tumor clients in convalescent hospital rehabilitation: 2 case reports
Authors: S. Tsugane, Y. Ukai
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Introduction: The desired goal of the neurological rehabilitation is the restoration of neurological deficit. Some compensatory means including assistive devices and orthoses improve client’s activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental ADLs (IADLs). In the rehabilitation for malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumor clients, providing their caregivers with assistive techniques sometimes seems effective in order to bring good quality of life (QOL). Authors report the experiences of the rehabilitation for malignant CNS tumor clients. CASE 1: Female; 62Y.O. She had undergone the surgery and radiotherapy 16 years before in a cancer center hospital owing to the right breast cancer. Hormone therapy was being continued. Magnetic resonance (MR) image showed a tumor in the right parietal area. This was assessed as the metastatic tumor. She underwent the cerebral tumor resection since she had fallen a lot of times. Her ADLs became worse owing to the left hemiparesis. Even after the hemiparesis improved by the rehabilitation in our hospital, she fell a few times due to stereoagnosis. An assistive device improved her ADLs and IADLs in home. Her participation in social activities was achieved with her husband’s assistive techniques. CASE 2: Male; 64Y.O. He had undergone several times of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy because of anaplastic astrocytoma in the left parietal area during 12 years at a university hospital. Right hemiparesis and memory disturbance deteriorated his ADLs after the last surgery. Histological examination showed glioblastoma. The rehabilitation in our hospital enabled him to walk with an ankle foot orthosis in 2 weeks. His wife’s assistive techniques were also helpful in the return to his domestic situation. Meningeal dissemination was found in MR image 6 weeks after the beginning of the rehabilitation. He underwent chemotherapy at the former hospital and died several weeks after the transition to home. DISCUSSION AND conclusions: The rehabilitation for malignant CNS tumor patients may have had little importance in the treatment owing to the rapid exacerbation of their diseases. While many patients survive by the developed treatment of malignant CNS tumors, the neurological deficits require the rehabilitation. The rehabilitation needs to aim not only to recover ADLs and IADLs, but also to aid the preparation for the client’s good QOL. Every rehabilitation staff needs to consider how the client will act in home and participate in the community. This view of consideration possibly benefits the client’s QOL. Assistive techniques can be useful for the client’s QOL even when the independent ADLs or IADLs are not expected during the inpatient rehabilitation.
Luciferase-based detection of minimal size metastases
Authors: Christopher R. Calabrese, M. Waleed Gaber, John Killmar, Christine Fuller, Meredith Allen, Richard J. Gilbertson
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005

3828 

Due to the lack of appropriate experimental models which adequately mimic the progression of human tumors, the field of metastasis research has experienced slow progress during the last decade. Spontaneous and genetic mouse metastasis models can, to some extent, be used to study endpoints of tumor progression. Most of these models, however, are of limited value to study the metastatic cascade as a spatially and temporally dynamic progress. We have towards this end developed novel syngeneic and allogeneic tumor models that can be employed to trace the metastatic fate of injected tumor cells. RenCa (renal carcinoma) cells, B16 melanoma cells, and A375 melanoma cells were transduced with two different retroviral constructs to stably express a luciferase-neomycin resistance fusion protein (either driven by the viral LTR promoter or the human EF1a promoter). RenCa cells were orthotopically injected into the kidney of syngeneic BalbC mice. Likewise, B16 cells were injected intracutaneously into syngeneic C57Bl6 mice. Human A375 cells were xenotransplanted subcutaneously into nude mice or injected into the left ventricle of the heart for systemic distribution experiments. Luciferase activity was traced non-invasively and invasively at different time points. To calibrate the experimental system, luciferase expression per cell was determined using serial dilution experiments, which allowed detection of as few as 9 labelled tumor cells. When luciferase activity in tissue homogenates was quantified, the technique is sensitive enough to detect foci with as few as 100 tumor cells. Likewise, non-invasive imaging of tumor growth and metastasis allows the detection of the smallest metastatic foci at around 500.000 cells. Each of the studied tumor models proved useful for applications in metastasis experiments. RenCa tumors form lung metastases following orthotopic injection, which can be inhibited following treatment with the angiogenesis inhibitor PTK787. Intracutaneous injection of B16 melanoma cells leads to detectable metastases in the lungs, the liver, and the intestine. Intracardiac injection of A375 cells proved to be the most sensitive technique to trace the systemic distribution of tumor cells in the circulation. Taken together, the non-invasive Luciferase-based detection of minimal size metastases is a useful and highly sensitive technique for the study of the molecular mechanisms of metastasis and to employ it as a screening technique for drug development studies.
Contents, Vol. 50, 1988
Authors: Juhani Julkunen, Heikki Hurri, Jarmo Kankainen, Walter Vandereycken, Rolf Meermann, Adolf-Ernst Meyer, Ulrich Stuhr, Ulrich Wirth, Peter Rüster, V.P. Kontaxakis, G.N. Christodoulou, V.G. Mavreas, B.J. Havaki-Kontaxaki, Nuray A. Karanci, Randall S. Jorgensen, Kent Houston
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1988)
MPs raise concern that health department is not prepared for Brexit negotiations
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2017)

It is crucial that the Department of Health in England play a key role in Brexit negotiations on health and social care issues, said the House of Commons Health Committee in a new report, and it has expressed concern at the level of resources the department has allocated to the task.

“Although the central departments directly tasked with leading on Brexit have received additional resources to recruit staff, the Department of Health is allocating responsibility for Brexit preparations to existing teams within the department,” said the committee’s first report from its inquiry into Brexit and health and social care.1 The inquiry has been curtailed by the general election …
P14.13 Clinical and pathologic features for survival in gastric cancer with brain metastasis
Authors: J. Lim, M. Lee
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Introduction: Brain metastases from gastric cancer is exceedingly rare. This study sought to analyze the clinical features of gastric cancer and brain metastasis and prognostic factors for patient survival. Materials and Methods: Fourteen cases of histologically confirmed advanced gastric cancer with brain metastases treated at our center between January 1996 and June 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The median patient age was 64 years (range 51-75 years), and half of the patients had poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) positivity by immunohistochemistry was observed in 5 patients. (35%) Ten patients had multiple brain lesions, and concurrent systemic metastases was found in 11 patients, commonly involving the liver. Twelve patients received steroids plus whole-brain radiation, and surgical resection of a single brain lesion was performed in 1 patient, who experienced a complete response. None of the patients received stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). The median survival after the detection of brain metastases was 12 weeks (range, 2-48.4 weeks). Univariate analysis revealed that poor survival was associated with increased levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (p= 0.005), unfavorable performance status (p= 0.021), and worsening neurological function after treatment for brain metastasis (p= 0.007). In multivariate analysis, worsening neurological function after treatment for brain lesions (hazard ratio 5.5, 95% confidence interval 1.49-20.5, p= 0.011) was confirmed as a significant prognostic factor for poor survival. Conclusions: Deterioration in neurological function after treatment for brain metastases was an unfavorable prognostic factor for patient survival. HER-2 overexpression seems to be associated with higher risk for brain metastases in gastric cancer. Despite the dismal prognosis of gastric cancer, multidisciplinary treatment including WBRT, surgical resection, and SRS is needed to improve the quality of life and prolong survival for gastric cancer patients with brain metastases.
Comparing quality of life outcomes between Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy and Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass using the RAND36 questionnaire
Authors: Christina A.W. Macano, Sitaramachandra M. Nyasavajjala, Alastair Brookes, Guillaume Lafaurie, Manel Riera
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2017)
P12.18 A case of malignant meningioma with long-term recurrence free survival
Authors: M. Nakano, M. Oinuma, M. Sato, J. Asari, K. Watanabe, Y. Kikuchi, H. Sakuma
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

We experienced a case of malignant meningioma, survived more than ten years after surgery and gamma knife radiosurgery without recurrence. In 2005, a 54 years old man suffered gradually aggravating headache, right homonymous hemianopia, and memory disturbance. His MRI scan showed 6cm mass in the trigon of the left lateral ventricle, and perifocal edema. The mass was enhanced clear in margin but irregular inside by Gadolinium-DTPA. We removed the tumor totally and macroscopically via light parieto-occipital trans cortical approach. The histology showed the large spindle tumor cell with large N/C ratio, making whorl-formation, pleomorphism, many mitosis and necrosis. MIB-1 index was from 12 to 27%. After 2 months of the removal, contrast MRI revealed enhanced small mass thought to be a residual tumor or recurrence. Gamma knife radiosurgery was performed in dose 20 gray. Five years after the radiosurgery, the enhanced mass disappeared and no recurrence until 2016. There are many reports of malignant meningioma, but the most follow-up periods are 3 to 5 years. Our report is a simple case report, but might be useful to add the information as one successful treated case of malignant meningioma.
Ethnic disparities in pediatric Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma.
Authors: Adam L. Green, Karina Braga Ribeiro, Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

1614 Background: Ewing sarcoma (ES) and osteosarcoma (OST) are primarily pediatric tumors that become more difficult to cure when they present with locally advanced disease or metastases. The role of socioeconomic disparities in presentation and outcome of patients with ES and OS has not been well studied. Methods: We analyzed all patients in the SEER 18 dataset less than 19 years of age at diagnosis with ES or OST between 2004 and 2010. Comparisons were done using the Fisher exact test. Socioeconomic data for each county were derived from Census 2010 and divided into two categories according to the median value for the cohort. Results: Hispanic patients were significantly more likely to have metastatic disease at presentation of OST than non-Hispanic patients (27.2 vs 20.3%, p=0.014); there was a trend toward higher likelihood of metastatic presentation for Hispanic ES patients (33.1 vs 27.0%, p=0.07). No differences in metastatic disease at presentation were observed in either disease based on race, insurance status, or other socioeconomic variables. Hispanic patients with ES had a significantly poorer 2-year overall survival (OS) than non-Hispanics (75.4 vs 85.3%, p=0.003); there was a trend toward poorer 2-year OS for Hispanic patients with OST (80.4 vs 84.9%, p=0.06). Hispanic patients with localized ES also had a significantly poorer 2-year OS than non-Hispanics (85.7 vs93.6%, p=0.008). No OS difference was seen based on race or insurance status. Significantly poorer 2-year OS for all ES stages, and for localized disease, was also found in patients living in counties with higher than average percentage of people with less than a high school education, foreign born, and living in language isolation. No significant differences in 2-year OS between socioeconomic groups were found in OST. Conclusions: Hispanic patients are more likely to present with advanced disease in ES and OST; for ES, this extends to poorer survival. The absence of disparities based on race and insurance, and presence of disparities in other groups with potential limited English proficiency, raise the possibility of language-based barriers to care contributing to these differences. These issues merit further study with primary data in order to determine appropriate intervention.
Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1) Is a Novel Negative Regulator of Normal and Malignant Hematopoietic Cell Trafficking
Authors: Mateusz Adamiak, Ahmed Abdelbaset-Ismail, Joseph B Moore, Ahmed Abdel-Latif, Marcin Wysoczynski, Magdalena Kucia, Janina Ratajczak, Mariusz Z Ratajczak
Journal: Blood (2016)
Home-Based Trials in Adolescent Migraine
Authors: Amy A. Gelfand, William Qubty, Irene Patniyot, Barbara Grimes, Mark J. Pletcher, Peter J. Goadsby, Steven R. Cummings
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2017)

Randomized trials are needed to identify safe and effective migraine preventive treatments for children.Conventional trials typically require frequent in-person study visits. 1 Many families decline study participation, citing time and distance. 2Home-based trials are a novel, participant-centered design innovation wherein most or all study procedures are completed remotely using technology.Melatonin is safe and effective for migraine prevention in adults. 3In this pilot study, we assessed the feasibility of a homebased trial of melatonin for adolescent migraine prevention.Methods | We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled pilot study of melatonin, 3 mg (Rugby Laboratories), vs placebo for migraine prevention in children aged 12 to 17 years.Participants were recruited via our clinic, flyers, social media, print advertisements, and parent letters (Table 1).Screening occurred on our study website; eligible participants were invited for a 1-time study center enrollment visit.Diagnosis of migraine by International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version) criteria 4 was confirmed by a pediatric headache neurologist.Remaining study procedures were conducted from home.The institutional review board of the University of California, San Francisco approved this study (clinicaltrials.govidentifier: NCT02344316).Parents provided written informed consent and adolescents provided assent.Participants received a nightly text message on their smartphone that linked to a secure web-based electronic headache diary.Study staff monitored diary compliance and provided reminders.After a 28-day baseline, those with 80% or greater diary compliance and the requisite number of headaches were randomized to melatonin or placebo for 12 weeks.Study medication was shipped to homes.Participants recorded sleep using Fitbits (Fitbit Inc).Sleep data synced to participants' smartphones or computers and automatically transferred to the study database via application program interface calls.Adverse events were assessed via telephone twice monthly.The enrollment goal was 30 participants.The aims of this study were to (1) determine the success vs cost of various recruitment strategies, (2) demonstrate enrollment feasibility, (3) estimate study completion rate, (4) estimate variance in headache outcomes using home-trial methodology, and (5) assess adverse events.Mann-Whitney, χ 2 , and Fisher exact tests as well as multivariable linear regression were used.
P17.12 Role of XRCC1 SNP in patients with glioblastoma treated with upfront radio-chemotherapy
Authors: A. Molinari, A. Gonnelli, M. Cantarella, F. Carbone, V. Ortensi, S. Franceschi, K. Zavaglia, M. Mazzanti, R. Morganti, F. Pasqualetti, G. Naccarato, F. Paiar
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Aims: XRCC1 proteins are involved in DNA repair pathways. Given the association of XRCC1 activity and the resistance to chemo-radiotherapy, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible predictive and therapeutic role of the XRCC1 SNPs on GBM patients treated with up front radiotherapy, alone or in combination with temozolomide. Methods: Fifty-five patients with a proven diagnosis of GBM, ECOG PS 0-2, age>18 years, and treated with radiotherapy with or without temozolomide were enrolled. Genomic DNA was extracted and XRCC1 gene SNPs were analyzed; the allelic discrimination was performed using an ABI PRISM 7900 SDS (Applied Biosystems, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and with validated TaqMan® SNP genotyping assays (Applied Biosystems). Kaplan Meier curves were performed for statistical association with genotypes. The study has been approved by the local IRB. Results: At the data analysis, the median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) of these patients were 20 months and 11 months, respectively. A relevant finding of our study was the identification of a XRCC1 genotype that was significantly associated with OS: patients harboring the TT or CC genotype had 12 and 24-month OS ratio of 75 and 16%, respectively, whereas, patients with genotype TC 88 and 34%, respectively. Conclusions: The XRCC1 genotype is significantly associated with a shorter OS in GBM patients treated with radiotherapy and temozolomide schedule. The present, pilot study may represent the stimulus to prospectively investigate the role of XRCC1 polymorphisms as a predictive pharmacogenetic marker or as a target for new drug therapies for GBM patients.
THE DOSAGE OF DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXIN.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

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