tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abdominal Trauma Related to a Bicycle Accident
Authors: Alban Zarzavadjian Le Bian, Philippe Wind
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Third of NHS trusts have no plan for staff health and wellbeing, RCP says
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Over a third (35%) of NHS trusts in England still have no plan covering staff health and wellbeing, the Royal College of Physicians has found.

A report on the issue published by the college says, “Audit work in England has found that 65% of NHS trusts now have a plan for the health and wellbeing of their workforce, up from 41% in 2010.”1

The college also found that 28% of NHS trusts in England have a plan or policy in place to help reduce obesity among staff.

The report …
RESPONSES TO RECEIPT OF INCIDENTAL GENETIC FINDINGS FOR FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IN ADULT BIOBANK PARTICIPANTS
Authors: Laney Jones, Alanna Kulchak Rahm, Amy Sturm, Amanda Lazzeri, Loren Butry, Timothy Corcoran, Kandamurugu Manickam, Michael F. Murray
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
PREVALENCE OF SINUS NODE DYSFUNCTION IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND THEIR OUTCOMES
Authors: Muhammad H. Gul, Zin Mar Htun, Ayesha Banu, Ahmad Jan Sayed Tauseef, Htar Aye, Jain Puja, Sameer Saleem, Aung Khine Lwin, Nauman Shaukat, Khan Z. Muhammad, Kamran Khan, Muhammad Imran, Tariq Khan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine Approaches for the Anterior Segment of the Eye
Authors: Rachel Williams, Rebecca Lace, Stephnie Kennedy, Kyle Doherty, Hannah Levis
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)

The role of biomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies to treat vision loss associated with damage to tissues in the anterior segment of the eye has been studied for several years. This has mostly involved replacement and support for the cornea and conjunctiva. These are complex tissues with specific functional requirements for different parts of the tissue. Amniotic membrane (AM) is used in clinical practice to transplant autologous or allogenic cells to the corneal surface. Fibrin gels have also progressed to clinical use under specific conditions. Alternatives to AM such as collagen gels, other natural materials, for example keratin and silks, and synthetic polymers have received considerable attention in laboratory and animal studies. This experience is building a body of evidence to demonstrate the potential of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in corneal and conjunctival reconstruction and can also lead to other applications in the anterior segment of the eye, for example, the trabecular meshwork. There is a real clinical need for new procedures to overcome vision loss but there are also opportunities for developments in ocular applications to lead to biomaterials innovations for use in other clinical areas.
Differential Clinical Associations of Anti–Nuclear Matrix Protein 2 Autoantibodies in Patients With Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies
Authors: Hanbo Yang, Xin Lu, Qinglin Peng, Wei Jiang, Jingli Shi, Yamei Zhang, He Chen, Guochun Wang
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2018)

To investigate the associations between anti-nuclear matrix protein 2 (anti-NXP-2) autoantibody levels and disease activity as well as calcinosis severity in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs).Serum levels of anti-NXP-2 autoantibodies were determined in 709 patients with IIMs and also serially measured in the patients' sera with an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using MORC3 recombinant protein. Patients with anti-NXP-2 autoantibodies were divided into 2 subgroups: those with and those without calcinosis. Associations of anti-NXP-2 autoantibody levels with organ-specific disease activity (using 10-cm visual analog scale [VAS] scores), serum creatine kinase (CK) levels, and calcinosis severity were investigated in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.A cross-sectional analysis of 56 IIM patients with anti-NXP-2 autoantibodies (38 without calcinosis and 18 with calcinosis) showed that in patients without calcinosis, the levels of anti-NXP-2 autoantibodies were positively correlated with the physician's global assessment of disease activity and muscle VAS scores and serum CK levels, whereas no such association was found in patients with calcinosis. Results of the longitudinal study revealed strong correlations of anti-NXP-2 antibody levels with the physician's global assessment and constitutional, cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and muscle VAS scores and serum CK levels in patients without calcinosis, but in patients with calcinosis, only a moderate correlation was observed between anti-NXP-2 antibody levels and the physician's global VAS and constitutional VAS scores. Of note, in patients without calcinosis, anti-NXP-2 autoantibodies were found to disappear during periods of clinical remission, but reappeared with disease relapse. No association between anti-NXP-2 antibody levels and the severity of calcinosis was observed.These findings indicate that anti-NXP-2 autoantibodies serve as a useful marker for disease activity in patients with IIMs, especially in the absence of calcinosis. The differential associations observed between anti-NXP-2 autoantibody levels and disease activity suggest that there may be a phenotypic difference between patients with and those without calcinosis.
An MSF surgeon
Authors: Sally Carter
Journal: BMJ (2010)

As a medical student, I knew I wanted to work in global health and wanted to choose a specialty that was useful in resource poor countries. I rotated in several African hospitals where expensive laboratory tests and drugs were unavailable. The surgeons were extremely effective because they had to treat patients without these additional resources. I love the immediacy of surgical care and the chance to make dramatic interventions in very sick patients.

The president of Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) USA gave a speech at …
Role of proNGF/p75 signaling in bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury
Authors: Jae Cheon Ryu, Katharine Tooke, Susan E. Malley, Anastasia Soulas, Tirzah Weiss, Nisha Ganesh, Nabila Saidi, Stephanie Daugherty, Uri Saragovi, Youko Ikeda, Irina Zabbarova, Anthony J. Kanai, Mitsuharu Yoshiyama, H. Francis Farhadi, William C. de Groat, Margaret A. Vizzard, Sung Ok Yoon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

Loss of bladder control is a challenging outcome facing patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). We report that systemic blocking of pro-nerve growth factor (proNGF) signaling through p75 with a CNS-penetrating small-molecule p75 inhibitor resulted in significant improvement in bladder function after SCI in rodents. The usual hyperreflexia was attenuated with normal bladder pressure, and automatic micturition was acquired weeks earlier than in the controls. The improvement was associated with increased excitatory input to the spinal cord, in particular onto the tyrosine hydroxylase-positive fibers in the dorsal commissure. The drug also had an effect on the bladder itself, as the urothelial hyperplasia and detrusor hypertrophy that accompany SCI were largely prevented. Urothelial cell loss that precedes hyperplasia was dependent on p75 in response to urinary proNGF that is detected after SCI in rodents and humans. Surprisingly, death of urothelial cells and the ensuing hyperplastic response were beneficial to functional recovery. Deleting p75 from the urothelium prevented urothelial death, but resulted in reduction in overall voiding efficiency after SCI. These results unveil a dual role of proNGF/p75 signaling in bladder function under pathological conditions with a CNS effect overriding the peripheral one.
CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE AND LONG-TERM CLINICAL OUTCOMES AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN VERY YOUNG ADULTS
Authors: Shunsuke Kubo, Suguru Otsuru, Seiji Habara, Takeshi Tada, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Yasushi Fuku, Tsuyoshi Goto, Kazushige Kadota
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Fewer CCT holders are getting substantive consultant posts
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The number of newly qualified doctors securing substantive consultant posts has fallen from last year, show the results of a workforce survey by the Royal College of Physicians.1

The fifth annual rolling survey of holders of the certificate of completion of training (CCT) was conducted in March this year and was completed by 408 newly qualified physicians, a 50% response rate.

The survey showed that the proportion of newly qualified physicians gaining substantive consultant posts fell by seven percentage points in 2013 to 56%, from 63% …
Myth and Measurement — The Case of Medical Bankruptcies
Authors: Carlos Dobkin, Amy Finkelstein, Raymond Kluender, Matthew J. Notowidigdo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

Though there is compelling evidence that medical expenses do cause bankruptcies in the United States, they may cause far fewer than has been claimed. Overemphasizing such events may distract from an understanding of the true nature of health-related economic hardship.
Surgery without papilla incision: tunneling flap procedures in plastic periodontal and implant surgery
Authors: Otto Zuhr, Stephan F. Rebele, Stefani L. Cheung, Markus B. Hürzeler
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2018)

Abstract Diverse clinical advancements, together with some relevant technical innovations, have led to an increase in popularity of tunneling flap procedures in plastic periodontal and implant surgery in the recent past. This trend is further promoted by the fact that these techniques have lately been introduced to a considerably expanded range of indications. While originally described for the treatment of gingival recession‐type defects, tunneling flap procedures may now be applied successfully in a variety of clinical situations in which augmentation of the soft tissues is indicated in the esthetic zone. Potential clinical scenarios include surgical thickening of thin buccal gingiva or peri‐implant mucosa, alveolar ridge/socket preservation and implant second‐stage surgery, as well as soft‐tissue ridge augmentation or pontic site development. In this way, tunneling flap procedures developed from a technique, originally merely intended for surgical root coverage, into a capacious surgical conception in plastic periodontal and implant surgery. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview on tunneling flap procedures, to introduce the successive development of the approach along with underlying ideas on surgical wound healing and to present contemporary clinical scenarios in step‐by‐step photograph‐illustrated sequences, which aim to provide clinicians with guidance to help them integrate tunneling flap procedures into their daily clinical routine.
Prevalent and Incident Heart Failure in Cardiovascular Outcome Trials of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Stephen J. Greene, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, George L. Bakris, Matthew R. Weir, Jonathan H. Seltzer, Naveed Sattar, Darren K. McGuire, James L. Januzzi, Norman Stockbridge, Javed Butler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Inhaled corticosteroids and increased microbial load in COPD: potential role of epithelial adhesion molecules
Authors: Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

We read with great interest the recent very elegant study by Contoli et al. [1] published in the European Respiratory Journal , and the accompanying editorial by Wilkinson [2], wherein authors investigated the long-term effects of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on microbial load in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is an important area, and it is encouraging and reassuring that leading respiratory journals are recognising this. Understanding the mechanisms behind microbial infections is very important. In the discussion, the authors mentioned that the mechanisms by which these communities of different microorganisms interact with the epithelium and influence the immune system in COPD are essentially unknown. We would like to take this further, and suggest a broader discussion of new insights into the potential mechanisms contributing to increased adherence of microbes to airway epithelium and immune cell populations. ICS have the potential to increase infection by upregulating epithelial microbial adhesion molecules <http://ow.ly/Um7730haVgb>
Chromoendoscopy versus autofluorescence imaging for neoplasia detection in patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis (FIND-UC): an international, multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Jasper L A Vleugels, Matt D Rutter, Krish Ragunath, Colin J Rees, Cyriel Y Ponsioen, Conor Lahiff, Shara N Ket, Linda K Wanders, Sunil Samuel, Faheem Butt, Teaco Kuiper, Simon P L Travis, Geert D'Haens, Lai M Wang, Susanne van Eeden, James E East, Evelien Dekker
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2018)
Single-nucleus analysis of accessible chromatin in developing mouse forebrain reveals cell-type-specific transcriptional regulation
Authors: Sebastian Preissl, Rongxin Fang, Hui Huang, Yuan Zhao, Ramya Raviram, David U. Gorkin, Yanxiao Zhang, Brandon C. Sos, Veena Afzal, Diane E. Dickel, Samantha Kuan, Axel Visel, Len A. Pennacchio, Kun Zhang, Bing Ren
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2018)
Trends and morbidity for minimally invasive versus open cytoreductive nephrectomy in the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Authors: Dimitar V. Zlatev, Manuel Ozambela, Keyan Salari, Ye Wang, Matthew Mossanen, Daniel Pucheril, Matthew D. Ingham, Benjamin I. Chung, Steven Lee Chang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

632 Background: Cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) prior to systemic therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is recommended in patients with a surgically resectable primary tumor. Traditionally performed as open surgery, the advent of laparoscopic and robotic surgery provides a minimally invasive alternative to CN with a potential for accelerated recovery and earlier initiation of systemic therapy. We sought to compare the trends and morbidity of laparoscopic, robotic, and open CN for patients with metastatic RCC. Methods: Using the Premier Hospital Database (Premier, Inc., Charlotte, NC), we identified 24,145 patients who underwent elective radical nephrectomy for metastatic RCC in the United States between 2003 and 2015. Comparative analysis between laparoscopic, robotic, and open CN was performed with propensity weighting on rates of 90-day complications, blood transfusion, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, prolonged length of stay (LOS), discharge destination, 90-day readmission, operative time, and direct hospital costs. Results: Over the course of the study period, the rates of open CN decreased from 76.7% to 66.4%, laparoscopic CN decreased from 22.3% to 11.4%, and robotic CN increased from 0.6% to 22.1%. Compared to open CN, the laparoscopic approach was associated with a 30% decreased odds of 90-day major complications (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.50 - 0.97, p &lt; 0.05). Compared to open CN, both laparoscopic and robotic approaches were associated with significantly decreased odds of blood transfusion (OR 0.46 and 0.38, respectively), ICU admission (OR 0.57 and 0.48, respectively), and LOS (OR 0.50 and 0.35, respectively). Direct costs were lowest for laparoscopic CN. Conclusions: Compared to open CN, minimally invasive CN is associated with decreased rates of blood transfusion, ICU admission, and LOS. Laparoscopic CN is additionally associated with decreased major complications and direct costs compared to open CN. When technically feasible, the utilization of minimally invasive CN, especially laparoscopic, may be associated with improved outcomes, decreased costs, and accelerated recovery prior to systemic therapy in patients with metastatic RCC.
Junior doctors warned on taking up locum posts in foundation year 1
Authors: Helen Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Foundation year 1 doctors should not take up locum appointment for service posts and should involve their medical school and foundation school if they wish to take up a locum appointment for training position, the General Medical Council has warned.

The GMC has written to more than 1600 locum agencies, medical staffing officers, human resources leads, training and education leads, postgraduate deans, and foundation school directors to emphasise that the provisional registration granted to foundation year 1 doctors …
Risk Factors for Incident Diabetic Polyneuropathy in a Cohort With Screen-Detected Type 2 Diabetes Followed for 13 Years: ADDITION-Denmark
Authors: Signe T. Andersen, Daniel R. Witte, Else-Marie Dalsgaard, Henning Andersen, Peter Nawroth, Thomas Fleming, Troels M. Jensen, Nanna B. Finnerup, Troels S. Jensen, Torsten Lauritzen, Eva L. Feldman, Brian C. Callaghan, Morten Charles
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

OBJECTIVE To study incident diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) prospectively during the first 13 years after a screening-based diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and determine the associated risk factors for the development of DPN. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We assessed DPN longitudinally in the Danish arm of the Anglo-Danish-Dutch study of Intensive Treatment of Diabetes in Primary Care (ADDITION) using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument questionnaire (MNSIQ), defining DPN with scores ≥4. Risk factors present at the diabetes diagnosis associated with the risk of incident DPN were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for trial randomization group, sex, and age. RESULTS Of the total cohort of 1,533 people, 1,445 completed the MNSIQ at baseline and 189 (13.1%) had DPN at baseline. The remaining 1,256 without DPN entered this study (median age 60.8 years [interquartile range 55.6; 65.6], 59% of whom were men). The cumulative incidence of DPN was 10% during 13 years of diabetes. Age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.03 [95% CI 1.00; 1.07]) (unit = 1 year), weight (HR 1.09 [95% CI 1.03; 1.16]) (unit = 5 kg), waist circumference (HR 1.14 [95% CI 1.05; 1.24]) (unit = 5 cm), BMI (HR 1.14 [95% CI 1.06; 1.23]) (unit = 2 kg/m2), log2 methylglyoxal (HR 1.45 [95% CI 1.12; 1.89]) (unit = doubling), HDL cholesterol (HR 0.82 [95% CI 0.69; 0.99]) (unit = 0.25 mmol/L), and LDL cholesterol (HR 0.92 [95% CI 0.86; 0.98]) (unit = 0.25 mmol/L) at baseline were significantly associated with the risk of incident DPN. CONCLUSIONS This study provides further epidemiological evidence for obesity as a risk factor for DPN. Moreover, low HDL cholesterol levels and higher levels of methylglyoxal, a marker of dicarbonyl stress, are identified as risk factors for the development of DPN.
HIGH BILATERAL CAROTID TEMPERATURES PREDICT INCREASED TWO-YEAR CARDIOVASCULAR EVENT RATE
Authors: Georgios Benetos, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Georgios Oikonomou, Iosif Koutagiar, Fotini Mitropoulou, Nikolaos Barampoutis, Periklis Davlouros, Andreas Synetos, Elias Siores, Dimitris Tousoulis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Population-Based Studies of Invasive Hemodynamics
Authors: Sanjiv J. Shah
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
A three-dimensional single-cell-resolution whole-brain atlas using CUBIC-X expansion microscopy and tissue clearing
Authors: Tatsuya C. Murakami, Tomoyuki Mano, Shu Saikawa, Shuhei A. Horiguchi, Daichi Shigeta, Kousuke Baba, Hiroshi Sekiya, Yoshihiro Shimizu, Kenji F. Tanaka, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Masamitsu Iino, Hideki Mochizuki, Kazuki Tainaka, Hiroki R. Ueda
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2018)
Sixty seconds on . . . nerve agents
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2018)

The recent attack on Russian former double agent Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia with a nerve agent has triggered a meeting of the government’s COBRA emergency committee. A huge clean-up effort by specially trained troops has also been launched to minimise any remaining risk in Salisbury.

Back to your biochemistry classes! These are organophosphorus or carbamate compounds that inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase at nerve synapses. This causes the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to build up, …