tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 9903: Baseline Left Atrial Abnormality by Electrocardiogram Predicts Incident Stroke in Hypertensive Patients With Electrocardiographic Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Authors: Peter M Okin, Hooman Kamel, Sverre E Kjeldsen, Richard B Devereux
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Recent findings in population-based studies suggest that abnormal P-wave terminal force in lead V 1 (PTFV 1 ), a marker of left atrial (LA) abnormalities such as fibrosis, dilatation and elevated filling pressures, is associated with incident ischemic stroke, even in the absence of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, whether PTFV 1 predicts incident stroke in hypertensive patients during aggressive blood pressure (BP) lowering has not been examined. Methods: Risk of incident stroke was examined in relation to abnormal PTFV 1 on a baseline ECG in 1879 hypertensive patients aged 60 or younger with ECG left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), no history of AF, in sinus rhythm on their baseline ECG with no incident AF during follow-up, who were randomly assigned to losartan- or atenolol-based treatment. Patients &gt;60 years old were not included because of a highly significant interaction between PTFV 1 and age in Cox analyses. Abnormal PTFV 1 was defined by the presence of a negative terminal P wave in lead V 1 with amplitude x duration ≥4000 V*ms. Results: During mean follow-up of 4.8±0.9 years, 45 patients (2.4%) experienced a definite stroke. A higher incidence of stroke occurred in those with abnormal than normal baseline PTFV 1 : incidence rate per 1000 person-years, 7.8, 95% CI, 5.2-11.4 vs 3.4; 95% CI, 2.2-5.2; p=0.004. In univariate Cox models, abnormal PTFV 1 was associated with a &gt; 2-fold increased risk of incident stroke (HR 2.31, 95% CI 1.28-4.16, p=0.005). In multivariable Cox regression models that adjusted for other significant predictors of incident stroke in this population (gender, history of stroke or transient ischemic attack, ischemic heart disease or diabetes, baseline creatinine and in-treatment systolic BP), abnormal PTFV 1 remained associated with a &gt; 2-fold increased risk of incident stroke (HR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.14-3.74, p=0.017). Conclusions: Abnormal PTFV 1, a marker of LA abnormality, was strongly associated with incident stroke in hypertensive patients, independent of in-treatment systolic BP and other predictors of incident stroke. This association, in the absence of detectable AF, suggests that an underlying atrial cardiopathy may cause LA thromboembolism and a subsequent stroke without necessarily manifesting with AF.
Abstract 2749: Effects of subtype specific chemotherapeutic immunomodulation in bladder cancer
Authors: Jordan Kardos, Lisa Bixby, Andrew Truong, Bhavani Krishnan, Kyle Stewart, Benjamin Vincent, William Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract In patients with bladder cancer, programmed death-ligand-1 (PD-L1) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors have been shown to be effective in around twenty percent of patients, and there is evidence indicating that the level of immune infiltration and immune suppression within the tumor microenvironment correlates with response to these treatments. We have previously shown that there are intrinsic subtypes of bladder cancer, with the basal subtype characterized by high levels of immune infiltration, and the luminal subtype characterized by immune exclusion. Here we show that treatment with current standard of care chemotherapeutic agents has a subtype specific effect on the tumor microenvironment. Cisplatin-based chemotherapeutic treatment of luminal tumors induces a mesenchymal phenotype, immune infiltration, and a transition to a more basal-like tumor, while not altering these characteristics of the tumor microenvironment in basal tumors. Two of the most widely used standard of care chemotherapeutic regiments are Cisplatin-Gemcitabine (GemCis) and Methotrexate-Vinblastine-Doxorubicin-Cisplatin (MVAC), and we show that MVAC treatment induces significant immune infiltration within the luminal subtype while GemCis treatment does not, indicating there are treatment specific effects on the immune microenvironment. Furthermore, using mouse models of bladder cancer previously developed by our lab that accurately reflect the basal and luminal subtypes of bladder cancer, treatment with a representative chemotherapeutic regimen induced immune infiltration in the luminal mouse model while not affecting the tumor immune microenvironment in the basal mouse model. These results indicate chemotherapeutic regimens have subtype specific effects on the tumor microenvironment which could potentially be used to increase the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Citation Format: Jordan Kardos, Lisa Bixby, Andrew Truong, Bhavani Krishnan, Kyle Stewart, Benjamin Vincent, William Kim. Effects of subtype specific chemotherapeutic immunomodulation in bladder cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2749.
Ionic Mechanisms of Acquired QT Prolongation and Torsades de Pointes in Rabbits With Chronic Complete Atrioventricular Block
Authors: YukiomiTsuji, TobiasOpthof, KenjiYasui, YasuyaInden, HarukiTakemura, NorikoNiwa, ZhiboLu, Jong-KookLee, HaruoHonjo, KaichiroKamiya, ItsuoKodama
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— The ionic basis of acquired QT prolongation and torsade de pointes (TdP) unrelated to drugs is not fully understood. Methods and Results— We created a rabbit model with chronic complete atrioventricular block (AVB) (n=34), which showed prominent QT prolongation (by 120%), high incidence of spontaneous TdP (71%), and cardiac hypertrophy. Patch-clamp experiments were performed in left ventricular myocytes from 9 rabbits (8 with TdP, 1 without TdP) at ≈21 days of AVB and from 8 sham-operated controls with sinus rhythm. Action potential duration was prolonged in AVB myocytes compared with control (+61% at 0.5 Hz, +21% at 3 Hz). Both rapidly and slowly activating components of the delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr and IKs) in AVB myocytes were significantly smaller than in control by 50% and 55%, respectively. There was no significant difference in Ca2+-independent transient outward current (Ito1). L-type Ca2+ current (ICa,L) in control and AVB myocytes was similar in peak amplitude, but the half v...
Functional Basis of Sinus Bradycardia in Congenital Heart Block
Authors: KeliHu, YongxiaQu, YuankunYue, MohamedBoutjdir
Journal: Circulation Research (2004)

Congenital heart block (CHB) is a conduction abnormality characterized by complete atrioventricular (AV) block. CHB affects fetuses and/or newborn of mothers with autoantibodies reactive with ribonucleoproteins 48-kDa SSB/La, 52-kDa SSA/Ro, and 60-kDa SSA/Ro. We recently established animal models of CHB and reported, for the first time, significant sinus bradycardia preceding AV block. This unexpected observation implies that the spectrum of conduction abnormalities extends beyond the AV node to also affect the SA node. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the functional basis of this sinus bradycardia by characterizing the effects of antibodies from mothers with CHB children (positive IgG) on ionic currents that are known to significantly contribute to spontaneous pacing in SA node cells. We recorded L- (ICa.L) and T- (ICa.T) type Ca2+, delayed rectifier K+ (IK), hyperpolarization-activated (If) currents, and action potentials (APs) from young rabbit SA node cells. We demonstrated that positive IgG s...
Tissue Doppler Imaging Differentiates Physiological From Pathological Pressure-Overload Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Rats
Authors: GenevièveDerumeaux, PaulMulder, VincentRichard, AbdeslamChagraoui, CatherineNafeh, FabriceBauer, Jean-PaulHenry, ChristianThuillez
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— The myocardial velocity gradient (MVG) is a recent index of regional myocardial function derived from endocardial and epicardial velocities obtained by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). This index might be useful for discriminating between physiological and pathological left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and for documenting the early transition from compensated LVH to heart failure. We sought to compare MVG measured across the left ventricular posterior wall between normal rats and rats with physiological (exercise) and pathological (pressure-overload) LVH. Methods and Results— Wistar rats were assigned to one of the following groups: sedentary, exercise (swimming), and 2-month or 9-month abdominal aortic banding. Compared with sedentary rats, exercise and 2-month banding led to similar and significant LVH. After 2-month banding, conventional parameters of systolic function (left ventricular fractional shortening and dP/dtmax) were not affected. However, systolic and diastolic MVG were similar in ...
Association of Dietary Intake of Soy, Beans, and Isoflavones With Risk of Cerebral and Myocardial Infarctions in Japanese Populations
Authors: YoshihiroKokubo, HiroyasuIso, JunkoIshihara, KatsutoshiOkada, ManamiInoue, ShoichiroTsugane
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— Soy and isoflavones have been proposed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular risk factors, but their potential as preventatives for cardiovascular disease remains uncertain. We investigated the association of soy and isoflavone intake with risk of cerebral and myocardial infarctions (CI and MI). Methods and Results— To examine the association of soy and isoflavone intake with the risk of CI and MI, we studied 40 462 Japanese (40 to 59 years old, without cardiovascular disease or cancer at baseline). They completed a food-frequency questionnaire (1990–1992) and received follow-up to 2002. After 503 998 person-years of follow-up, we documented incidence of CI (n=587) and MI (n=308) and of mortality for CI and MI combined (n=232). For women, the multivariable hazard ratios and 95% confidence limits for soy intake ≥5 times per week versus 0 to 2 times per week were 0.64 (0.43 to 0.95) for risk of CI, 0.55 (0.26 to 1.09) for risk of MI, and 0.31 (0.13 to 0.74) for cardiovascular disease mortality. S...
Abstract 182: Proposal of Strategy for Threatened Rupture of Super-giant Coronary Aneurysm; Rare and Fatal Complication with Kawasaki disease
Authors: Mamoru Ayusawa, Hiroshi Kamiyama, Ami Chou, Masataka Kato, Hirofumi Watanabe, Akiko Komori, Yuriko Abe, Yuki I Kawamura, Shori Takahashi
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Prognosis of Kawasaki disease and its main complications, coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) and myocardial ischemia were remarkably improved by intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and other additional anti-inflammatory and anti-coagulation therapy. In contrast, rupture of coronary artery aneurysm is a rare, and still definitely fatal complication. Though approximately 10 cases were reported with sporadic occurrence in every three to four years in Japan, there is no patient whose life was saved. Case report: We experienced a 5-year-old boy who had already developed left CAA of 9 mm in diameter on the 7th day from onset of fever. Despite of repeated IVIG, left CAA was rapidly expanding day by day and finally the diameter became 18mm on the 12th day. Early in the next morning, sudden cardiac arrest was noted, but resuscitation was not effective. Autopsy revealed cardiac tamponade caused by rupture of very fragile wall of huge left CAA. Discussions: After this experience, we have tried to carry patients into the intensive care unit with deep sedation, if patient’s CAA is expanding more than 10mm within 2 weeks in acute stage of Kawasaki disease. Furthermore, we also recommend use of antihypertensive drugs such as calcium channel blocker and/or beta-blockers. We also have advised to colleagues in other hospitals to try in the same way when they asked for the management of similar cases. At least three patients with huge aneurysm were survived with this method in recent reports. If patient has strong inflammation sustaining with expanding huge aneurysm, plasma exchange and all possible anti-inflammatory agents including steroid or infliximab under the percutaneous cardiopulmonary support and surgeons' stand-by until inflammation will disappear. Following repair or platy of coronary aneurysm and coronary artery bypass surgery may be considered, but possibility and results are unknown. Conclusions: Because of its rarity, it is difficult to detect exact indication of deep sedation or intensive care, however, earlier and more cautious management will be safer for ‘super-giant’ aneurysm. Concerning to the sustaining inflammation with huge aneurysm, we would like to hear advices for this strategy from cardiac surgeons and pediatric intensivists.
Acquisition of Brain Na Sensitivity Contributes to Salt-Induced Sympathoexcitation and Cardiac Dysfunction in Mice With Pressure Overload
Authors: KojiIto, YoshitakaHirooka, KenjiSunagawa
Journal: Circulation Research (2009)

In animal models of salt-sensitive hypertension, high salt augments sympathetic outflow via central mechanisms. It is not known, however, whether pressure overload affects salt sensitivity, thereby modifying central sympathetic outflow and cardiac function. We induced left ventricular hypertrophy with aortic banding in mice. Four weeks after aortic banding (AB-4), the left ventricle wall thickness was increased without changing the percentage fractional shortening. AB-4 mice were then fed either a high-salt (8%) diet or regular-salt diet for additional 4 weeks. Cardiac dysfunction, wall thickness, and 24-hour urinary catecholamine excretion were increased with high-salt diet compared with regular-salt diet. We then examined brain Na sensitivity. Intracerebroventricular infusion of high-Na (0.2 mol/L) artificial cerebrospinal fluid into AB-4 mice and mice Sham-4 increased urinary catecholamine excretion, arterial pressure, and heart rate more in AB-4 mice than in Sham-4 mice. Intracerebroventricular infusi...
Gene Transfer of Human Prostacyclin Synthase Ameliorates Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
Authors: NoritoshiNagaya, ChiekoYokoyama, ShingoKyotani, ManabuShimonishi, RyuichiMorishita, MasaakiUematsu, ToshioNishikimi, NorifumiNakanishi, ToshioOgihara, MasakazuYamagishi, KunioMiyatake, YasufumiKaneda, TadashiTanabe
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background—Prostacyclin is a potent vasodilator that also inhibits platelet adhesion and cell growth. We investigated whether in vivo gene transfer of human prostacyclin synthase (PGIS) ameliorates monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. Methods and Results—The cDNA encoding PGIS was intratracheally transfected into the lungs of rats by the hemagglutinating virus of Japan–liposome method. Rats transfected with control vector lacking the PGIS gene served as controls. Three weeks after MCT injection, mean pulmonary arterial pressure and total pulmonary resistance had increased significantly; the increases were significantly attenuated in PGIS gene–transfected rats compared with controls [mean pulmonary arterial pressure, 31±1 versus 35±1 mm Hg (−12%); total pulmonary resistance, 0.087±0.01 versus 0.113±0.01 mm Hg · mL · min−1 · kg−1 (−23%), both P<0.05]. Systemic arterial pressure and heart rate were unaffected. Histologically, PGIS gene transfer inhibited the increase in medial wall thi...
Abstract 1641: Utilization of palliative therapies among Hispanics with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Narjust Duma, Urshila Durani, Julian Molina, Timothy J. Moynihan
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background: Racial disparities in the treatment of lung cancer are well documented. However, research in disparities in palliative care is limited. Early integration of palliative care in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been proven to improve quality of life and overall survival in this subset of patients. We proposed to study the use of palliative treatments for stage IV NSCLC among Hispanic patients (pts). Methods: Using the National Cancer Database (NCDB), we identified all Hispanic pts (self-reported) diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC from 2005 to 2013. Cases with incomplete data, unknown life/death status or classified as Hispanic by surname only were excluded. Hispanics were grouped based on place of origin. Pearson chi-square tests were used to estimate differences in categorical data; predictors of palliative care referral/use were determined by logistic regression analysis. Results: 10,441 pts were included. The median age was 66 years. Regarding place of origin: 15.5% of pts were from Mexico, 8% from South/Central America, 7% from Cuba, 6% from Puerto Rico, 2.4% from the Dominican Republic and 57.6% were no-otherwise specified. When all Hispanic pts were included, 3.5% received surgery, 45% radiation and 52.9% chemotherapy. Overall, 2.2% of pts received a referral for palliative pain management +/- other palliative therapies. When divided by place of origin, Dominican pts had the highest percentage of pain management referrals at 5.5% (p&amp;lt;0.01) followed by Puerto Rican patients (2.4%). On the other hand, only 1.3% of pts from South/Central America were referred to pain management. In multivariate analysis, Dominican Republic origin (OR: 3.30, 95%CI: 1.69-6.44, p&amp;lt;0.01), bone metastasis (OR: 1.98, 95%CI: 1.17-3.3, p&amp;lt;0.01) and a Charlson comorbidity index ≥2 (OR: 2.07, 95%CI: 1.11-3.85, p&amp;lt;0.02) were significant predictors of receiving a pain management referral. We observed an increased number of pain management referrals over time with 1.4% of Hispanic patients getting a referral in 2004 vs. 2.9% in 2013 (p&amp;lt;0.02). Conclusions: We observed that only a small percentage of Hispanic pts with metastatic NSCLC cancer are receiving referral for palliative care/pain management. Several cultural beliefs and barriers may play a role in these findings. Providers should offer early referrals to pain management/palliative care to all patients with metastatic NSCLC independent of their race or ethnicity. Citation Format: Narjust Duma, Urshila Durani, Julian Molina, Timothy J. Moynihan. Utilization of palliative therapies among Hispanics with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1641.
Prevalence of Angina in Women Versus Men
Authors: HarryHemingway, ClaudiaLangenberg, JacquelineDamant, ChrisFrost, KaleviPyörälä, ElizabethBarrett-Connor
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background— In the absence of previous international comparisons, we sought to systematically evaluate, across time and participant age, the sex ratio in angina prevalence in countries that differ widely in the rate of mortality due to myocardial infarction. Methods and Results— We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE until February 2006 for healthy population studies published in any language that reported the prevalence of angina (Rose questionnaire) in women and men. We obtained myocardial infarction mortality rates from the World Health Organization. A total of 74 reports of 13 331 angina cases in women and 11 511 cases in men from 31 countries were included. Angina prevalence varied widely across populations, from 0.73% to 14.4% (population weighted mean 6.7%) in women and from 0.76% to 15.1% (population weighted mean 5.7%) in men, and was strongly correlated within populations between the sexes (r=0.80, P<0.0001). Angina prevalence showed a small female excess with a pooled random-effects sex ratio of 1.20 (...
Intravenous Transfusion of Endothelial Progenitor Cells Reduces Neointima Formation After Vascular Injury
Authors: NikosWerner, StefanJunk, UlrichLaufs, AndreasLink, KatrinWalenta, MichaelBöhm, GeorgNickenig
Journal: Circulation Research (2003)

Endothelial cell damage is one important pathophysiological step of atherosclerosis and restenosis after angioplasty. Accelerated reendothelialization impairs neointima formation. We evaluated the role of intravenously transfused endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) on reendothelialization and neointima formation in a mouse model of arterial injury. Spleen-derived mouse mononuclear cells (MNCs) were cultured in endothelial basal medium. A total of 91.8±3.2% of adherent cells showed uptake of acetylated low-density lipoprotein (Dil-Ac-LDL) and lectin binding after 4 days. Immunostaining and long-term cultures confirmed the endothelial progenitor phenotype. To determine the effect of stem cell transfusion on reendothelialization, mice received either fluorescent-labeled spleen-derived MNCs or in vitro differentiated EPCs intravenously after endothelial injury of the carotid artery. Transfused cells were strictly restricted to the injury site, and lectin binding confirmed the endothelial phenotype. Homing of ...
Abstract 17693: Fracture Potentials and Dynamic Flexibility of Peripheral Stents: Insights into Clinical Practice From Durability Tests Simulating Multi-loading Environments of Superficial Femoral and Popliteal Arteries
Authors: Kiyotaka Iwasaki, Sho Kishigami, Jun Arai, Takafumi Ohba, Hirotsugu Tokutake, Zhu Xiaodong, Yuichi Yagishita, Yusuke Noguchi, Tadashi Yamamoto, Yutaka Hikichi, Mitsuo Umezu
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Stent fracture is identified as one of the primal causes of restenosis in superficial femoral and popliteal artery. However, differences in fracture potentials due to stent platforms ...
Prodromal Angina Limits Infarct Size
Authors: FilippoOttani, MarcelloGalvani, DonatellaFerrini, FrancescoSorbello, PatriziaLimonetti, DenisPantoli, FrancoRusticali
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background In the experimental setting, it has been demonstrated that preconditioning myocardium before prolonged occlusion with brief ischemic episodes affords substantial protection to the cells by delaying lethal injury, thereby limiting infarct size. Whether the same occurs in humans remains unknown. Methods and Results This study was undertaken to determine whether new-onset prodromal angina, defined as chest pain episodes limited to the 24 hours before myocardial infarction, is the clinical correlate of the ischemic preconditioning phenomenon. Twenty-five patients with their first anterior myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator [r-TPA], 100 mg/3 hours) were retrospectively included in the study because they met the following criteria: (1)  50%), (3) a patent infarct-related cor...
Electrocardiographic Patterns in Patients with Cerebrovascular Accidents
Authors: Vagnfentz
Journal: Circulation (1962)

In two Series of 69 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 21 patients with intracranial hemorrhage, 11 and 15 respectively showed electrocardiographic changes that could not be ascribed to the usual cardiac or other extracerebral causes. These changes often simulate myocardial ischemia or even infarction.