tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sanitary Sewer Overflows and Emergency Room Visits for Gastrointestinal Illness: Analysis of Massachusetts Data, 2006–2007
Authors: Jyotsna S. Jagai, Stephanie DeFlorio-Barker, Cynthia J. Lin, Elizabeth D. Hilborn, Timothy J. Wade
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2017)

Background: Sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs) occur when untreated sewage is discharged into water sources before reaching the treatment facility, potentially contaminating the water source with gastrointestinal pathogens. Objectives: The objective of this paper is to assess associations between SSO events and rates of gastrointestinal (GI) illness in Massachusetts. Methods: A case-crossover study design was used to investigate association between SSO events and emergency room (ER) visits with a primary diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) illness in Massachusetts for 2006–2007. ER visits for GI were considered exposed if an SSO event occurred in the county of residence within three hazard periods, 0–4 d, 5–9 d, or 10–14 d, before the visit. A time-stratified bidirectional design was used to select control days for each ER visit on the same day of the week during the same month. Fixed effect logistic regression models were used to estimate the risk of ER visits following the SSO event. Results: During the study period, there were 270 SSO events for northeastern Massachusetts and 66,460 ER admissions with GI illness listed as the primary diagnostic code. The overall odds ratio (OR) for ER visits for GI illness was 1.09 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.16] in the 10–14 d period following an SSO event, with positive ORs for all age groups and for three of the four counties. The 0–4 d and 5–9 d periods following an SSO event were not associated with ER visits for GI illness overall, and associations by county or age were inconsistent. Conclusions: We demonstrated an association between SSO events and ER visits for GI illness using a case-crossover study design. In light of the aging water infrastructure in the United States and the expected increase in heavy rainfall events, our findings suggest a potential health impact associated with sewage overflows. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2048
The Asia Pacific Consensus Statement on Laparoscopic Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Report from the 7th Asia-Pacific Primary Liver Cancer Expert Meeting Held in Hong Kong
Authors: Tan To Cheung, Ho-Seong Han, Wong Hoi She, Kuo-Hsin Chen, Pierce K.H. Chow, Boon Koon Yoong, Kit Fai Lee, Shoji Kubo, Chung Ngai Tang, Go Wakabayashi
Journal: Liver Cancer (2017)

Laparoscopic liver resection has been gaining momentum, and it has become an accepted practice after the two international consensus conferences where experts worked up guidelines to standardize this approach and improve its safety. However, most laparoscopic hepatectomies were performed in patients with liver metastases. The concurrent presence of liver cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a great challenge to clinicians trying to establish a routine use of laparoscopic liver resection for HCC.The first Asia Pacific consensus meeting on laparoscopic liver resection for HCC was held in July 2016 in Hong Kong. A group of expert liver surgeons with experience in both open and laparoscopic hepatectomy for HCC convened to formulate recommendations on the role and perspective of laparoscopic liver resection for primary liver cancer. The recommendations consolidate the most recent evidence pertaining to laparoscopic hepatectomy together with the latest thinking of practicing clinicians involved in laparoscopic hepatectomy, and give detailed guidance on how to deploy the treatment effectively for patients in need.The panel of experts gathered evidence and produced recommendations providing guidance on the safe practice of laparoscopic hepatectomy for patients with HCC and cirrhosis. The inherent advantage of the laparoscopic approach may result in less blood loss if the procedure is performed in experienced centers. The laparoscopic approach to minor hepatectomy, particularly left lateral sectionectomy, is a preferred practice for HCC at experienced centers. Laparoscopic major liver resection for HCC remains a technically challenging operation, and it should be carried out in centers of excellence. There is emerging evidence that laparoscopic liver resection produces a better oncological outcome for HCC when compared with radiofrequency ablation, particularly when the lesions are peripherally located. Augmented features in laparoscopic liver resection, including indocyanine green fluorescence, 3D laparoscopy, and robot, will become important tools of surgical treatment in the near future. A combination of all of these features will enhance the experience of the surgeons, which may translate into better surgical outcomes. This is the first consensus workforce on laparoscopic liver resection for HCC, which is a unique condition that occurs in the Asia Pacific region.
Rapture of the Deep
Authors: Floyd Skloot
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Toll-like receptor 7 agonist GS-9620 induces prolonged inhibition of HBV via a type I interferon-dependent mechanism
Authors: Congrong Niu, Li Li, Stephane Daffis, Julie Lucifora, Marc Bonnin, Sarah Maadadi, Eduardo Salas, Ruth Chu, Hilario Ramos, Christine M. Livingston, Rudolf K. Beran, Abhishek V. Garg, Scott Balsitis, David Durantel, Fabien Zoulim, William E. Delaney, Simon P. Fletcher
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2017)
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin does not activate human basophils
Authors: Nina Salabert-Le Guen, Caroline Hémont, Agathe Delbove, Caroline Poli, Cécile Braudeau, Aurélie Fantou, Karine Amouriaux, Gaelle Bériou, Jérôme C. Martin, Luc Colas, Vassili Soumelis, Régis Josien
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)
Abstract 18208: Prospective and Systematic Analysis of Unexpected Requests for Non-cardiac Surgery or Invasive Procedures During the First Year after Drug-eluting Stents Implantation
Authors: Byeong-Keuk Kim, Jung-Han Yoon, Dong-Ho Shin, Jung-Sun Kim, Young-Guk Ko, Donghoon Choi, Tae-Soo Kang, Byoung-Eun Park, Woong-Chul Kang, Seung-Hwan Lee, Bum-Kee Hong, Hyuck-Moon Kwon, Yangsoo Jang, Myeong-Ki Hong
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: No sufficient data exists regarding prevalence, timing and clinical outcomes of unexpected requests for non-cardiac surgery or invasive procedures during the first year after drug-eluti...
Large Cardiac Muscle Patches Engineered From Human Induced-Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Cardiac Cells Improve Recovery From Myocardial Infarction in Swine
Authors: Ling Gao, Zachery R. Gregorich, Wuqiang Zhu, Saidulu Mattapally, Yasin Oduk, Xi Lou, Ramaswamy Kannappan, Anton V. Borovjagin, Gregory P. Walcott, Andrew E. Pollard, Vladimir G. Fast, Xinyang Hu, Steven G. Lloyd, Ying Ge, Jianyi Zhang
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Here, we generated human cardiac muscle patches (hCMPs) of clinically relevant dimensions (4 cm × 2 cm × 1.25 mm) by suspending cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells that had been differentiated from human induced-pluripotent stem cells in a fibrin scaffold and then culturing the construct on a dynamic (rocking) platform. Methods: In vitro assessments of hCMPs suggest maturation in response to dynamic culture stimulation. In vivo assessments were conducted in a porcine model of myocardial infarction (MI). Animal groups included: MI hearts treated with 2 hCMPs (MI+hCMP, n=13), MI hearts treated with 2 cell-free open fibrin patches (n=14), or MI hearts with neither experimental patch (n=15); a fourth group of animals underwent sham surgery (Sham, n=8). Cardiac function and infarct size were evaluated by MRI, arrhythmia incidence by implanted loop recorders, and the engraftment rate by calculation of quantitative polymerase chain reaction measurements of expression of the human Y chromosome. Additional studies examined the myocardial protein expression profile changes and potential mechanisms of action that related to exosomes from the cell patch. Results: The hCMPs began to beat synchronously within 1 day of fabrication, and after 7 days of dynamic culture stimulation, in vitro assessments indicated the mechanisms related to the improvements in electronic mechanical coupling, calcium-handling, and force generation, suggesting a maturation process during the dynamic culture. The engraftment rate was 10.9±1.8% at 4 weeks after the transplantation. The hCMP transplantation was associated with significant improvements in left ventricular function, infarct size, myocardial wall stress, myocardial hypertrophy, and reduced apoptosis in the periscar boarder zone myocardium. hCMP transplantation also reversed some MI-associated changes in sarcomeric regulatory protein phosphorylation. The exosomes released from the hCMP appeared to have cytoprotective properties that improved cardiomyocyte survival. Conclusions: We have fabricated a clinically relevant size of hCMP with trilineage cardiac cells derived from human induced-pluripotent stem cells. The hCMP matures in vitro during 7 days of dynamic culture. Transplantation of this type of hCMP results in significantly reduced infarct size and improvements in cardiac function that are associated with reduction in left ventricular wall stress. The hCMP treatment is not associated with significant changes in arrhythmogenicity.
Prognostic value of right ventricular dilatation in patients with low-risk pulmonary embolism
Authors: Benoit Côté, David Jiménez, Benjamin Planquette, Anne Roche, Jonathan Marey, Jean Pastré, Guy Meyer, Olivier Sanchez
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

The prognosis of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) assessed right ventricular dilatation (RVD) is unclear in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) and a simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI) of 0. We investigated in these patients whether MDCT-assessed RVD, defined by a right to left ventricular ratio (RV/LV) ≥0.9 or ≥1.0, is associated with worse outcomes. We combined data from three prospective cohorts of patients with PE. The main study outcome was the composite of 30-day all-cause mortality, haemodynamic collapse or recurrent PE in patients with sPESI of 0. Among 779 patients with a sPESI 0, 420 (54%) and 299 (38%) had a RV/LV ≥0.9 and ≥1.0 respectively. No difference in primary outcome was observed, 0.95% (95% CI 0.31–2.59) versus 0.56% (95% CI 0.10–2.22; p=0.692) and 1.34% (95% CI 0.43–3.62) versus 0.42% (95% CI 0.07–1.67; p=0.211) with RV/LV ≥0.9 and ≥1.0 respectively. Increasing the RV/LV threshold to ≥1.1, the outcome occurred more often in patients with RVD (2.12%, 95% CI 0.68–5.68 versus 0.34%, 95% CI 0.06–1.36; p=0.033). MDCT RV/LV ratio of ≥0.9 and ≥1.0 in sPESI 0 patients is frequent but not associated with a worse prognosis but higher cut-off values might be associated with worse outcome in these patients.
Abstract 639: Destabilization Of The Open State Of <i>I</i> <sub> <i>Ks</i> </sub> Potassium Channels By A KCNQ1 V205M Missense Mutation Causes An Inherited Form Of LQTS In A Canadian Aboriginal Community
Authors: Saman Rezazadeh, Jodene Eldstrom, Rosemarie Rupps, Shubhayan Sanatani, Brett Casey, Glen Tibbits, Eric Accili, Laura Arbour, David Fedida
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Hereditary long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetic disease characterized by a prolonged QT interval in the electrocardiogram and an increased likelihood of serious ventricular arrhythmias. We have determined that LQTS is disproportionately prevalent in a Northern British Columbia aboriginal community. Genetic screening of affected individuals revealed a novel missense mutation (V205M) in the S3 transmembrane helix of KCNQ1, the pore forming domain of the I K s channel complex. Co-expression of V205M KCNQ1 in mammalian cells with the accessory subunit KCNE1 recapitulated I Ks , with similar surface expression to wild type (Wt) channels, but with a 33.7 mV depolarizing shift in the V 1/2 of activation. This was accompanied by a slowing of channel activation (294 ± 85 ms, n=5; and 878 ± 124 ms, n=4; for Wt and V205M channels, respectively, at +70 mV), and an acceleration of deactivation (53 ± 3.6 ms, n=5; and 14 ± 3.5, n=4; for Wt and V205M channels, at −100 mV), determined at 35°C. The heterozygous state of the channel complex was simulated by co-expressing Wt and V205M channel subunits, and this resulted in phenotypic I Ks currents with properties intermediate between Wt and V205M homomultimeric channels. Using a ventricular action potential voltage clamp protocol applied at 3 Hz, Wt channels, but not V205M channels, accumulated in the open state, which resulted in large outward I Ks currents only for Wt channels. The outward ionic charge through heteromultimeric channels during the action potential clamp was reduced by more than 75% compared to Wt channels, suggesting a functional dominant negative effect of the V205M mutation at high heart rates. The changes in I Ks kinetics produced by the V205M mutation are expected to decrease current and reduce the repolarization reserve during the cardiac ventricular action potential, with a likely increased susceptibility to the initiation of arrhythmias, especially during periods of high sympathetic drive.
Bawa-Garba case: “When something goes wrong in healthcare there is never one person to blame”
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

As the GMC began its High Court appeal to try to erase the trainee paediatrician Hadiza Bawa-Garba from the medical register,1<b>Abi Rimmer</b> spoke to doctors gathered outside the High Court to support her
Cluster di malattia dei legionari associata ai viaggi in Francia, settembre 2001-agosto 2003
Authors: B Decludt, C Campese, D Che, S Jarraud, J Etienne
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

I cluster di malattia dei legionari richiedono un'attenzione particolare e vengono identificati dal sistema nazionale francese di sorveglianza e dalla rete europea EWGLINET. 
Nel periodo settembre 2001-agosto 2003, sono stati identificati 37 cluster in strutture turistico-recettive in Francia: 27 alberghi e 10 campeggi. I casi clinici erano distribuiti in ogni cluster nel modo seguente: due casi in 30 cluster (81%), tre casi in sei cluster (16%) e quattro casi in un cluster (3%), per un totale di 82 casi. Le autorita sanitarie locali hanno intrapreso indagini ambientali in 36 dei 37cluster e in 35 strutture recettive sono stati effettuati prelievi di acqua. Legionella pneumophila e stata rilevata in 16 strutture (46%) a una concentrazione superiore a 103 ufc/litro. In tutte strutture in cui la valutazione del rischio si e dimostrata inadeguata, sono state intraprese immediate misure di controllo. Sei alberghi sono stati chiusi immediatamente dopo la notifica. Per tre cluster e stato possibile effettuare un confronto tra i ceppi clinici ed ambientali mediante PFGE, e in tutti e tre i cluster i profili genomici erano identici. Questi due anni di sorveglianza hanno evidenziato la presenza di un rischio d'esposizione a Legionella in numerose strutture, dimostrando l'importanza di una rete europea di sorveglianza e della notifica rapida di tutti casi allo EWGLINET.
Correlation Between 24-Hour Predischarge Opioid Use and Amount of Opioids Prescribed at Hospital Discharge
Authors: Eric Y. Chen, Andrew Marcantonio, Paul Tornetta
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

<h3>Importance</h3> The United States is experiencing an opioid abuse epidemic. Opioid overprescription by physicians may contribute to this epidemic. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine if there was a correlation between a postoperative patient's 24-hour predischarge opioid use and the amount of opioids prescribed at hospital discharge and to determine the number of patients who used no opioids prior to discharge but were still prescribed opioids after hospital discharge. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cross-sectional study performed a retrospective record review of 18 343 postoperative patients at Boston Medical Center and Lahey Hospital and Medical Center–Burlington Campus who were discharged home after a postoperative inpatient admission of at least 24 hours. Data collection spanned from May 22, 2014, to June 30, 2016, in the Boston Medical Center data set and from March 23, 2015, to September 7, 2016, in the Lahey Hospital and Medical Center–Burlington Campus data set. <h3>Exposures</h3> Surgery requiring a postoperative inpatient hospital stay longer than 24 hours. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The main outcome measures were the patient's 24-hour predischarge opioid use and the total quantity of opioids prescribed at hospital discharge. Potential overprescription was defined as the number of patients who used no opioids in the 24 hours prior to hospital discharge but were still prescribed opioids after hospital discharge. <h3>Results</h3> Among the 18 343 patients (10 069 women and 8274 men; mean age, 52.2 years) who underwent 21 452 surgical procedures, there was wide variation in the amount of opioids prescribed at hospital discharge given a postoperative patient's 24-hour predischarge opioid use. A total of 6548 patients (35.7%) used no opioids in the 24 hours prior to hospital discharge; however, 2988 of these patients (45.6%) were prescribed opioids at hospital discharge, suggesting potential overprescription. Services that had the highest rates of potential overprescription (obstetrics [adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 3.146; 95% CI, 2.094-4.765] and gynecology [AOR, 2.355; 95% CI, 1.663-3.390], orthopedics [AOR, 0.943; 95% CI, 0.719-1.242], and plastic surgery [AOR, 0.733; 95% CI, 0.334-1.682]) generally had the highest rates of patients still using opioids at hospital discharge. Pediatric surgery was the only service that did not have any cases of potential overprescription (AOR, 2.09 × 10<sup>−7</sup>; 95% CI, 0.000-0.016). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Opioids are not regularly prescribed in a patient-specific manner to postoperative patients. Potential opioid overprescription occurs regularly after surgery among almost all surgical specialties.
Long-term successful closure of a percutaneous intragastric trocar tract with crossing full-thickness sutures in a porcine model
Authors: Andrew Storm, Hiroyuki Aihara, Matthew Skinner, Marvin Ryou, Christopher Thompson
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

A novel intragastric trocar placed using a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy technique enables the use of laparoscopic tools and procedures, including tissue stapling, cutting, suturing, and retraction. The aim of this porcine study was to determine long-term success of crossing full-thickness sutures in closure of the tract upon trocar withdrawal.10 trocars were placed in 5 animals. Each animal underwent a standardized tissue resection using a 5-mm stapler under gastroscopic guidance, and two full-thickness, absorbable, crossing sutures were used to close the trocar tracts. The animals were monitored for 35 days and then euthanized for necropsy.All five animals survived without sign of infection or distress. Nine of the 10 trocar sites healed completely without any adverse findings. A single site developed a gastrocutaneous fistula. On necropsy, there was no evidence of intra-abdominal infection or abscess.Full-thickness crossing sutures appeared to be effective in long-term closure of an intragastric trocar tract. Given the ease of placement and success of this simple closure method, this device may prove clinically useful to the endoscopist performing complex procedures in the endoscopy suite.
Host Control of Fungal Infections: Lessons from Basic Studies and Human Cohorts
Authors: Michail S. Lionakis, Stuart M. Levitz
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2017)

In the last few decades, the AIDS pandemic and the significant advances in the medical management of individuals with neoplastic and inflammatory conditions have resulted in a dramatic increase in the population of immunosuppressed patients with opportunistic, life-threatening fungal infections. The parallel development of clinically relevant mouse models of fungal disease and the discovery and characterization of several inborn errors of immune-related genes that underlie inherited human susceptibility to opportunistic mycoses have significantly expanded our understanding of the innate and adaptive immune mechanisms that protect against ubiquitous fungal exposures. This review synthesizes immunological knowledge derived from basic mouse studies and from human cohorts and provides an overview of mammalian antifungal host defenses that show promise for informing therapeutic and vaccination strategies for vulnerable patients.
Generation of adult human T-cell progenitors for immunotherapeutic applications
Authors: Laura Simons, Kuiying Ma, Corinne de Chappedelaine, Ranjita Devi Moiranghtem, Elodie Elkaim, Juliette Olivré, Sandrine Susini, Kevin Appourchaux, Christian Reimann, Hanem Sadek, Olivier Pellé, Nicolas Cagnard, Elisa Magrin, Chantal Lagresle-Peyrou, Tom Taghon, Antonio Rausell, Marina Cavazzana, Isabelle André-Schmutz
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)

purified natural Amb a 1.01 is capable of inducing strong T H 2 immune responses in mice in the absence of (extrinsic) adjuvants.In contrast, under the same conditions, the nonallergenic bacterial homologue induced a T H 1-biased response.Our data on Amb a 1.01 and DC-pelC are in agreement with previous findings for foldstabilized Bet v 1 mutants. 8Thus, we propose a model in which the intrinsic stability/susceptibility of a protein to proteolysis can directly influence its processing and determines the intensity and polarization of the ensuing immune response (Fig 2 ,C).
Myosin IIa is critical for cAMP-mediated endothelial secretion of von Willebrand factor
Authors: Pin Li, Guoqin Wei, Yang Cao, Qiuping Deng, Xiaofan Han, Xiaoshuai Huang, Yingqing Huo, Yulong He, Liangyi Chen, Jincai Luo
Journal: Blood (2017)