tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reply
Authors: Alessandro Vitale, Fabio Farinati, Mauro Borzio, Franco Trevisani, Umberto Cllo
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

To the Editor: We read with great interest the comment letter by Huo et al., because this letter gives us the possibility to better explain some aspects of the ITA.LI.CA prognostic system that were probably unclear in our previous studies.1 First, the ITA.LI.CA system is a score based on 14 prognostic subgroups and not only 4: The lowest score (ITA.LI.CA score = 0) of the model corresponded to the best prognosis, and the highest score (ITA.LI.CA score = 13) was associated with the worst prognosis. In the original paper2 in which the ITA.LI.CA score was developed and externally validated, and in this paper focused on restaging,1 we stratified our score in quartiles only to clearly and legibly represent the discrimination and calibration abilities of the ITA.LI.CA system by Kaplan‐Meier survival curves. Second, the ITA.LI.CA score already proved to have a better prognostic performance than JIS and MESIAH scores in two large Italian and Taiwanese cohorts of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma,2 and in a recent independent Italian validation study.3 The aim of our recent study1 was, therefore, not to compare again all the available systems, but only to understand the prognostic behavior of prognostic systems at restaging compared with first prognostic assessment at baseline, and to evaluate how to improve them by adding new prognostic variables available only at restaging (i.e., progressive disease after 1° therapy, Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease at restaging, new therapeutic decision). It is true, as suggested by Huo et al., that in none of the studies evaluating the ITA.LI.CA score1 has a formal comparison with the Taiwanese MESH score been performed, mainly because of the fact that this score has been proposed simultaneously to the ITA.LI.CA system. The MESH score, however, seems to have some potential limitations in comparison with the ITA.LI.CA score mainly related to a simple dichotomization of some relevant prognostic variables (i.e., tumor burden within vs. beyond Milan criteria, Child score 5 vs. ≥6), and to the absence of a strong external validation. Third, we thank our colleagues for the suggestion to test the ALBI grade within the ITA.LI.CA system. Indeed, in our original paper,2 we already tested the ALBI grade as a potential variable to include in the ITA.LI.CA score, but its prognostic ability resulted significantly lower than that of the Child Pugh score2 (Supporting Tables S1 and S2). Potential conflict of interest Dr. Cillo advises Roche, Novartis, Astellas, Johnson & Johnson, and Sanofi. Dr. Trevisani advises and received grants from Bayer. He advises Sirtex. He is on the Speakers Bureau for AlfaSigma. Dr. Vitale advises Bayer.
Evaluation Of Swedish Integrated Electronic Health Records And Register Health Care Data To Support Interpretation Of A Reference Population In Asthma Clinical Trials (pacehr)
Authors: S. Franzen, G. Magnusson, G. Telg, U. Olsson, Christer Jansson, K. Larsson, M. Petzold, M. Sundgren
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Evaluation Of Swedish Integrated Electronic Health Records And Register Health Care Data To Support Interpretation Of A Reference Population In Asthma Clinical Trials (pacehr)
Redesigning gender identity services: an opportunity to generate evidence
Authors: Richard Byng, Susan Bewley, Damian Clifford, Margaret McCartney
Journal: BMJ (2018)

A recent feature in The BMJ implied that new services are all that’s needed to improve transgender healthcare.1 Providing timely, sensitive services for all, including those who decide to not pursue treatment or detransition, is important.2 But the article did not question the steep rise in referrals of mainly young women or the potential harms of medical overdiagnosis and overtreatment, given the lack of …
The Urgent Need for Biomarkers Beyond B-Type Natriuretic Peptide for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Sanjiv J. Shah
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Conflicts of interest pervade US treatment guidelines, reports say
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Financial conflicts of interest are widespread among the authors of US clinical practice guidelines, according to two research letters and an editor’s note that were published in JAMA Internal Medicine .

Such conflicts are “an intractable problem in the United States,” write Robert Steinbrook, editor at large of JAMA Internal Medicine , and Colette DeJong of the University of San Francisco.1

“Improvement is unlikely without decisive actions,” they said. But, “unfortunately, many of the professional societies that convene panels to …
Balance of saccharolysis and proteolysis underpins improvements in stool quality induced by adding a fiber bundle containing bound polyphenols to either hydrolyzed meat or grain-rich foods
Authors: Matthew I. Jackson, Dennis E. Jewell
Journal: Gut Microbes (2018)

Dietary fiber is a key component in gastrointestinal health maintenance partly due to its fermentation by the gut microbiome. The food-dependent effects of a novel fiber bundle added to hydrolyzed meat (HM) or grain-rich (GR) foods in healthy dogs (n = 16) or those with chronic enteritis/gastroenteritis (n = 16) were examined. Addition of fiber to either food improved stool quality in dogs regardless of health status; microbiome diversity of dogs with chronic enteritis/gastroenteritis became more similar to healthy dogs. The abundance of bacteria mediating beneficial saccharolytic processes (eg, Lachnospiraceae) significantly increased on addition of fiber to the GR food, while those mediating detrimental proteolytic catabolism (eg, Desulfovibrionaceae) significantly decreased. Fiber addition to the HM food led to significant changes in saccharolytic/proteolytic bacteria. Higher levels of free saccharides in feces upon fiber addition to either food indicated increased saccharolysis. Fiber addition to the GR food decreased levels of fecal free amino acids, indicating decreased proteolysis. Addition of fiber decreased fecal pH for both foods but likely by different mechanisms: addition of fiber to the HM food led to increased straight-chain short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and no significant change in proteolytic branched-chain SFCAs, while in the GR food, fiber mainly led to decreased proteolytic branched-chain SFCAs. Other postbiotics related to intestinal health were consistently altered when fiber was added to either food. Plant-derived bioactive molecules were enriched in feces from dogs fed either food with added fiber, which could account for the observed modulation of the canine gut microbiome and shifts in metabolic capacity.
Adipocytes fuel gastric cancer omental metastasis <i>via</i> PITPNC1-mediated fatty acid metabolic reprogramming
Authors: Yujing Tan, Kelin Lin, Yang Zhao, Qijing Wu, Dongping Chen, Jin Wang, Yanxiao Liang, Jingyu Li, Jiazhu Hu, Hao Wang, Yajing Liu, Shuyi Zhang, Wanming He, Qiong Huang, Xingbin Hu, Zhiqi Yao, Bishan Liang, Wangjun Liao, Min Shi
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Omental metastasis occurs frequently in gastric cancer (GC) and is considered one of the major causes of gastric cancer-related mortality.Recent research indicated that omental adipocytes might mediate this metastatic predilection.Phosphatidylinositol transfer protein, cytoplasmic 1 (PITPNC1) was identified to have a crucial role in metastasis.However, whether PITPNC1 participates in the interaction between adipocytes and GC omental metastasis is unclear.Methods: We profiled and analyzed the expression of PITPNC1 through analysis of the TCGA database as well as immunohistochemistry staining using matched GC tissues, adjacent normal gastric mucosa tissues (ANTs), and omental metastatic tissues.The regulation of PITPNC1 by adipocytes was explored by co-culture systems.By using both PITPNC1 overexpression and silencing methods, the role of PITPNC1 in anoikis resistance and metastasis was determined through in vitro and in vivo experiments.Results: PITPNC1 was expressed at higher rates in GC tissues than in ANTs; notably, it was higher in omental metastatic lesions.Elevated expression of PITPNC1 predicted higher rates of omental metastasis and a poor prognosis.PITPNC1 promoted anoikis resistance through fatty acid metabolism by upregulating CD36 and CPT1B expression.Further, PITPNC1 was elevated by adipocytes and facilitated GC omental metastasis.Lastly, in vivo studies showed that PITPNC1 was a therapeutic indicator of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) inhibition.Conclusion: Elevated expression of PITPNC1 in GC is correlated with an advanced clinical stage and a poor prognosis.PITPNC1 promotes anoikis resistance through enhanced FAO, which is regulated by omental adipocytes and consequently facilitates GC omental metastasis.Targeting PITPNC1 might present a promising strategy to treat omental metastasis.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Emeran A. Mayer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 28-year-old woman presents with a 7-month history of recurrent, crampy pain in the left lower quadrant, bloating with abdominal distention, and frequent, loose stools. She reports having had similar but milder symptoms since childhood. Physical examination is unremarkable except for tenderness over the left lower quadrant. How should her case be evaluated and treated?
The impact of FDG-PET/CT on the management of gynecologic cancers: A retrospective study.
Authors: Ramiz Ahmad Abu-Hijlih, Akram Al-Ibraheem, Yazan Asad Abuodeh, Imada A. Jaradat
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e16500 Background: Fluoro-Deoxyglucose (FDG-PET) coupled with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computerized Tomography (CT) provides valuable information in primary staging and evaluation of therapeutic response in gynecological cancer patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the additional value of PET/CT to MRI and CT scan, in patients recently diagnosed with a gynecological tumor or for evaluation of treatment response. Methods: Between January 2010 and June 2012, forty patients with gynecologic tumors (23 cervical, 8 endometrial and 9 ovarian) were evaluated at King Hussein Cancer Center. These patients were divided into two groups: (1) PET scan at presentation for initial staging workup (15 patients) and (2)PET scan at follow up for treatment response evaluation (25 patients). Results: The FDG-PET/CT scan yielded the following additional information: upstaging in 7.5% (3 in 40 patients) and down staging in 32.5% (13 in 40 patients). As a result, treatment strategy was changed from curative to palliative in one patient, and additional curative therapy was implemented following exclusion of distant metastasis in eight patients. Moreover, the discrepancy in nodal status found with FDG-PET/CT compared with anatomical imaging was detected in 8 patients (20%), which led to modifications in radiotherapy field and customizing the radiation dose with minimizing treatment-related toxicity. Conclusions: This study has demonstrated the effectiveness of FDG-PET/CT in the management of gynecological cancer patients. It is a highly valuable utility that raised the accuracy of patients’ stratification to curative or palliative treatments. Furthermore it helped radiotherapy to be more precisely targeted towards the malignant process. However, further prospective studies are still required to identify the group of patients who would benefit the most from this procedure.
Pedestrian Fatalities Associated With Halloween in the United States
Authors: John A. Staples, Candace Yip, Donald A. Redelmeier
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

differences in ED diagnoses was determined by the adjusted F, a variant of the second-order Rao-Scott adjusted χ 2 statistic. 5sults | Among the total population of 8 080 738 participants, 51.5% were boys, 76.0% were white, and 24.0% were Hispanic.Across all ED diagnoses, boys and girls did not have statistically significant differences in prevalence rates (Table ).Across all ED diagnoses, the overall prevalence rate was 1.4% (95% CI, 1.0%-1.8%).The prevalence of any OSFED diagnosis was 0.7% (95% CI, 0.5%-1.0%).The prevalence of AN was 0.1% (95% CI, 0.0%-0.3%).No cases of BN were present in this sample.Finally, the prevalence of BED was 0.6% (95% CI, 0.4%-0.9%).Discussion | Significant sex differences were not found across ED diagnoses.Similarly, past research with adolescents aged 13 to 18 years did not find sex differences in the prevalence of AN; however, differences emerged for BN, BED, and subthreshold AN, with higher prevalence among girls. 6Taken together, sex differences in EDs may not emerge until adolescence.This is consistent with previous research demonstrating a lack of prepubertal sex differences in EDs, with elevated prevalence of EDs in girls during and after puberty. 7 Limitations of the study include the exclusion of OSFED AN, which the KSADS operationally defined only by caregivers' report of emaciation, and no assessment of avoidant and restrictive food intake disorder.Although EDs are not the focus of the ABCD study, use of the KSADS as opposed to a diagnostic tool tailored to EDs is also a limitation.The low prevalence of EDs may have reduced statistical power to detect sex differences.Future researchers may wish to characterize this sample in greater detail, including assessment of race/ethnicity, body mass index, and psychiatric comorbidity.As the ABCD cohort releases additional waves of data, researchers are encouraged to harness this nationally representative, prospective data set to explore developmental risk factors for EDs.
Chronic Borrelia burgdorferi infection triggers NKT lymphomagenesis
Authors: Rémy Robinot, Emmanuel Bachy, Sammara Chaubard, Mirjam Urb, Sylvain Carras, Emilie Bardel, Dimitri Chartoire, Alexandra Traverse-Glehen, Patrice N. Marche, Gilles Salles, Benoit Jaulhac, Laurent Genestier
Journal: Blood (2018)
Inhibition of c-Met signaling by SU11274 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)
Authors: Tanguy Y. Seiwert, Ramasamy Jagadeeswaran, Maria Tretiakova, Aliya N. Husain, Leslie Martin, Mark W. Lingen, Ravi Salgia
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

5973  The c-Met receptor and its ligand HGF have been shown to be upregulated in HNSCC tumors. c-Met can also have an activating tyrosine kinase domain mutation in HNSCC. SU11274 is a novel small molecule c-Met inhibitor. We evaluated HNSCC tumor samples from 10 patients by immunohistochemistry for c-Met, activated phospho-c-Met pY1003 and pY1234/1235, and HGF. Total c-Met expression was measured by immunoblot in 7 HNSCC cell lines. More than 75% of HNSCC tumor samples expressed both c-Met and activated phospho-c-Met - with pY1003 expression being more prominent than pY1234/1235. HGF expression was seen consistently primarily with cytoplasmic staining in the tumor. All 7 cell lines tested showed expression of c-Met. 5 HNSCC cell lines were treated with SU11274 (small molecule inhibitor against c-Met) at 2μM & 5μM and signaling pathways were examined using immunoblot analysis with various antibodies. 2 HNSCC cell lines were treated with HGF (40ng/ml & 80ng/ml), SU11274 (5μM), and combinations. Cell numbers were measured by MTT assays at 0h, 24h, 48h, and 72h. p-Tyr immunoblots showed activity of SU11274 resulting in a dose dependant decrease in phosphorylation of a number of proteins. Marked inhibition of c-Met signaling was documented in the presence of SU11274 with decreased levels of phospho-c-Met (both pY1003 & pY1230/1234/1235), phospho-Akt (pT308), phospho-Erk1/2 (pTpY185/187), phospho-p70S6K (pT389), and phospho-SHP2 (pY542) at 2μM and complete abrogation of signaling to baseline levels at 5μM. MTT survival assays showed that both 2 and 5μM of SU11274 lead to decreased cell growth in one of the tested HNSCC cell lines and abrogate HGF induced cell proliferation. c-Met signaling plays an important role in HNSCC growth and signaling. Inhibition of c-Met signaling by SU11274 leads to abrogation of respective signaling pathways and in certain HNSCC cell lines growth inhibition.
Loss of TRIM29 Alters Keratin Distribution to Promote Cell Invasion in Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Teruki Yanagi, Masashi Watanabe, Hiroo Hata, Shinya Kitamura, Keisuke Imafuku, Hiroko Yanagi, Akihiro Homma, Lei Wang, Hidehisa Takahashi, Hiroshi Shimizu, Shigetsugu Hatakeyama
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

: TRIM29 (tripartite motif-containing protein 29) is a TRIM family protein that has been implicated in breast, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. However, its role in stratified squamous epithelial cells and tumors has not been elucidated. Here, we investigate the expression of TRIM29 in cutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and its functions in the tumorigenesis of such cancers. TRIM29 expression was lower in malignant SCC lesions than in adjacent normal epithelial tissue or benign tumors. Lower expression of TRIM29 was associated with higher SCC invasiveness. Primary tumors of cutaneous SCC showed aberrant hypermethylation of TRIM29. Depletion of TRIM29 increased cancer cell migration and invasion; conversely, overexpression of TRIM29 suppressed these. Comprehensive proteomics and immunoprecipitation analyses identified keratins and keratin-interacting protein FAM83H as TRIM29 interactors. Knockdown of TRIM29 led to ectopic keratin localization of keratinocytes. In primary tumors, lower TRIM29 expression correlated with the altered expression of keratins. Our findings reveal an unexpected role for TRIM29 in regulating the distribution of keratins, as well as in the migration and invasion of SCC. They also suggest that the TRIM29-keratin axis could serve as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in stratified epithelial tumors and may provide a target for SCC therapeutics. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings identify TRIM29 as a novel diagnostic and prognostic marker in stratified epithelial tissues.
Trapping of 18F-Fluciclovine (FACBC) in Superior Sagittal Sinus
Authors: Jorge Daniel Oldan, Seth M. Miller, Andrew Barnes, Amir Hossein Khandani
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

As F-fluciclovine (FACBC) becomes more popular, new incidental findings are discovered. We present here a case of a 71-year-old man with prostate cancer in whom an FACBC PET/CT showed uptake in the superior sagittal sinus, which was found to be simply due to a dilated superior sagittal sinus on subsequent MRI. Accumulation in the superior sagittal sinus is a variant that interpreters of FACBC PET/CT should be aware of.
A Novel Model of Human Hemopoiesis Based on Single Cell Functional and Transcriptional Analysis of Lympho-Myeloid Progenitors
Authors: Bilyana Stoilova, Dimitris Karamitros, Zahra Aboukhalil, Fiona Hamey, Andreas Reinisch, Marina Samitsch, Lynn Quek, Georg Otto, Emmanouela Repapi, Jessica Doondeea, Batchimeg Usukhbayar, Julien Calvo, Stephen Taylor, Nicolas Goardon, Emmanuelle Six, Francoise Pflumio, Catherine Porcher, Ravi Majeti, Berthold Gottgens, Paresh Vyas
Journal: Blood (2017)
Assessment of Response to B-Cell Depletion Using Rituximab in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Rita Quelhas da Costa, M. Elena Aguirre-Alastuey, David A. Isenberg, Amanda M. Saracino
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

<h3>Importance</h3> Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) can be severe and treatment resistant. B-cell depletion therapy (BCDT) with rituximab is well recognized in organ involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but its efficacy in cutaneous manifestations is less well established. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the outcomes of BCDT in CLE and its clinical subtypes in the setting of associated SLE. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This single-center, retrospective, cohort study was performed at the adult tertiary referral Rheumatology Department of University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom, from January 1, 2000, through March 31, 2016, with 12-month follow-up completed on March 31, 2017. Adult patients with carefully classified CLE and mucocutaneous British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) grade A or B who were treated with rituximab BCDT were selected from a prospective database of 709 patients with SLE. Data were analyzed from April through December 2017. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Clinical response was examined at 6 and 12 months after treatment for CLE and its subtypes acute CLE (ACLE), subacute CLE (SCLE), chronic CLE (CCLE), and nonspecific LE (NSLE). A complete response was defined as achieving BILAG grade D; partial response, BILAG grade C; stable disease, no change; and disease flare, change from BILAG grade C or D to grade A or B. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 50 patients with SLE were eligible for inclusion; mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 26.9 (12.1) years, and 49 (98%) were women. Twenty-one patients had ACLE; 6, SCLE; 10, CCLE; and 11, NSLE (including 2 with concurrent ACLE and CCLE). Overall, at 6 months, 38 patients (76%) improved their mucocutaneous BILAG grade A or B status, including 20 (40%) with a complete response. At 12 months, 28 of 46 patients (61%) maintained this response, including 24 (52%) with a complete response. Two of 6 patients (33%) with SCLE showed a complete response at 6 and 12 months. Five of 12 patients (42%) with CCLE showed a complete response at 6 months, and 5 of 11 (45%), at 12 months. Fifteen patients (30%) required further rituximab therapy within 12 months for cutaneous involvement. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> B-cell depletion therapy using rituximab appears effective in patients with SLE and severe active CLE; however, outcomes are variable in those with SCLE and CCLE subtypes.
Prognostication in Kidney Cancer: Recent Advances and Future Directions
Authors: Jeffrey Graham, Shaan Dudani, Daniel Y.C. Heng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

The most common type of cancer originating in the kidney is renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In both localized and advanced RCC, a number of clinical, pathologic, and molecular factors have been identified as having prognostic significance. In localized disease, risk stratification has traditionally involved the anatomic extent of disease, and several integrated scoring systems have been developed to help predict outcomes after definitive local therapy. In metastatic RCC, integrated prognostic models have also been established. These are used to stratify patients in contemporary clinical trials and to guide risk-directed treatment selection in clinical practice. Although many prognostic factors are common to both localized and advanced disease, there are some important distinctions. In both of these types of disease, the prognostic role of specific molecular and genomic alterations is an area of active investigation. In this review, we highlight the current staging systems and prognostic factors in localized and metastatic RCC. We also explore future directions in this area, including the expanding role of molecular biomarkers and their integration into the traditional prognostic models.