tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medical Schools in the United States, 2009-2010
Authors: Barbara Barzansky, Sylvia I Etzel
Journal: JAMA (2010)

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Physician-assisted suicide in Oregon [17] (multiple letters)
Authors: N. G. Hamilton, P. J. Edwards, R. S. Crawshaw, J. K. Boehnlein, L. M. Toenniessen, P. A. Goodwin, L. Ganzini, D. S. Fenn, M. A. Lee, R. T. Heintz, J. D. Bloom
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)
In vivo stem cell tracking with imageable nanoparticles that bind bioorthogonal chemical receptors on the stem cell surface
Authors: Sangmin Lee, Hwa In Yoon, Jin Hee Na, Sangmin Jeon, Seungho Lim, Heebeom Koo, Sang-Soo Han, Sun-Woong Kang, Soon-Jung Park, Sung-Hwan Moon, Jae Hyung Park, Yong Woo Cho, Byung-Soo Kim, Sang Kyoon Kim, Taekwan Lee, Dongkyu Kim, Seulki Lee, Martin G Pomper, Ick Chan Kwon, Kwangmeyung Kim
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
Contributions of a hand-held fan to self-management of chronic breathlessness
Authors: Tim Luckett, Jane Phillips, Miriam J. Johnson, Morag Farquhar, Flavia Swan, Teresa Assen, Priyanka Bhattarai, Sara Booth
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

This study explored the benefits of a hand-held fan as perceived by patients with chronic breathlessness and their carers. A secondary multimethod analysis was conducted of interview data collected in three clinical trials. Two researchers independently coded level of benefit qualitatively reported by each patient. Univariate and multivariate statistics were used to explore perceived benefit as a factor of sex, age and diagnosis. Qualitative analysis used an integrative method. 133 patients commented on the fan, of whom 72 had a carer. Diagnoses included nonmalignant (n=91, 68.4%) and malignant (n=21, 15.8%) conditions. Of 111 patients who provided codable data, four (3.6%) perceived no benefit, 16 (14.4%) were uncertain, 80 (72.0%) perceived some benefit and 11 (10.0%) perceived very substantial benefit. Multivariate analysis was inconclusive. Benefit was described in terms of shorter recovery time, especially after activity. 10 (7.5%) patients said the fan reduced their need for home oxygen or inhaled β-agonist medications. Negative perceptions of a few included dislike of the cooling sensation and embarrassment in public. Findings suggest that a hand-held fan is a portable intervention with few disadvantages from which most patients with chronic breathlessness will derive benefit alongside other nonpharmacological and pharmacological strategies. Research is needed to optimise guidance on fan administration.
Systematic comparison of donor chimerism in peripheral blood and bone marrow after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: C Bach, M Steffen, W Roesler, J Winkler, A Mackensen, K-D Stachel, M Metzler, B M Spriewald
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2017)

Incomplete donor chimerism (DC) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is associated with reduced overall and disease-free survival and decreasing DC can precede overt relapse of malignant diseases.1, 2 Sensitive chimerism quantification may therefore allow for early therapeutic intervention, potentially improving treatment response.3, 4 Frequently, post-HSCT chimerism monitoring involves bone marrow (BM) biopsies, although hematologic malignancies are frequently associated with risk factors for adverse events (for example, low platelet count) and dry taps can preclude chimerism analyses.5, 6 However, new PCR strategies for chimerism quantification have dramatically increased technical sensitivity with current methods enabling the detection of chimerism below 0.1%.7, 8, 9 Therefore, applying these methods for chimerism quantification in peripheral blood (PB) may reduce the need for BM analysis. The influence of sample source on the sensitivity of chimerism analysis in the context of highly sensitive quantification methods, however, is not well substantiated. In order to address this, we compared sensitive chimerism analyses performed on paired BM and PB samples from 219 HSCT patients (Supplementary Table 1). The detailed materials and methods are available as Supplementary Information.
What's hot that the other lot got
Authors: Kathryn Prior
Journal: Thorax (2014)

The group looked at 111 records retrospectively of patients who had been diagnosed with interstitial pneumonia (IPF) from 1990 to 2007 ( PLoS ONE 9:e94775). Ten of these patients subsequently were diagnosed with collagen vascular disease (CVD), being rheumatoid arthritis (4), microscopic polyangitis (4), systemic sclerosis (1) and systemic sclerosis and Sjorgeren's syndrome (1). The average time to the diagnosis of CVD was 3.9±2.4 years. None of the patients had any CVD-positive autoantibodies at the time of diagnosis, though half had a positive antinuclear antibody (ANA). The presenting features were analysed to see what factors predicted the development of IPF. These were being significantly younger and female. Cox regression analysis showed being female and having the presence of lymphoid aggregates with germinal centres on biopsy were significantly associated with the occurrence of CVD in patients initially diagnosed with IPF.

Vocal cord dysfunction can be difficult to treat. This paper from Australia ( Respirology 2014;19:531–7) describes a series of 11 patients who had a total of 24 injections of botulinum toxin to a unilateral vocal cord. …
Pomalidomide, bortezomib and low-dose dexamethasone in lenalidomide-refractory and proteasome inhibitor-exposed myeloma
Authors: P G Richardson, C C Hofmeister, N S Raje, D S Siegel, S Lonial, J Laubach, Y A Efebera, D H Vesole, A K Nooka, J Rosenblatt, D Doss, M H Zaki, A Bensmaine, J Herring, Y Li, L Watkins, M S Chen, K C Anderson
Journal: Leukemia (2017)

Abstract This phase 1 dose-escalation study evaluated pomalidomide, bortezomib (subcutaneous (SC) or intravenous (IV)) and low-dose dexamethasone (LoDEX) in lenalidomide-refractory and proteasome inhibitor-exposed relapsed or relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). In 21-day cycles, patients received pomalidomide (1–4 mg days 1–14), bortezomib (1–1.3 mg/m 2 days 1, 4, 8 and 11 for cycles 1–8; days 1 and 8 for cycle ⩾9) and LoDEX. Primary endpoint was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Thirty-four patients enrolled: 12 during escalation, 10 in the MTD IV bortezomib cohort and 12 in the MTD SC bortezomib cohort. Patients received a median of 2 prior lines of therapy; 97% bortezomib exposed. With no dose-limiting toxicities, MTD was defined as the maximum planned dose: pomalidomide 4 mg, bortezomib 1.3 mg/m 2 and LoDEX. All patients discontinued treatment by data cutoff (2 April 2015). The most common grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events were neutropenia (44%) and thrombocytopenia (26%), which occurred more frequently with IV than SC bortezomib. No grade 3/4 peripheral neuropathy or deep vein thrombosis was reported. Overall response rate was 65%. Median duration of response was 7.4 months. Pomalidomide, bortezomib and LoDEX was well tolerated and effective in lenalidomide-refractory and bortezomib-exposed patients with RRMM.
Abstract P032: Nanoparticle Mediated Nox2-siRNA Therapy for Preventing Cardiac Dysfunction Following Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Inthirai Somasuntharam, Niren Murthy, Michael Davis
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common cause of heart failure in the developed world. Following MI, reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in the pathogenesis of cardiac remodeling leading to impaired ventricular function. Oxidative stress at high levels lead to many of the injury associated changes: proinflammatory cytokine release, myocyte apoptosis, cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy. Nicotinamide adenine denucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase with Nox2 as the catalytic subunit, is a major source for cardiac ROS production. After MI, Nox2 expression is significantly increased in the infarcted myocardium. Moreover, mice lacking the Nox2 gene are protected from ischemic injury. We used polyketals, a new class of acid-degradable polymers, as delivery vehicles for Nox2-siRNA to the post-MI environment. When engaged by macrophages, present in high quantities during MI, these particles have been shown to be taken up by macrophages and contents released within cells in active form. Nox2-siRNA was ion-paired to the cationic lipid DOTAP, and spherical particles averaging 500nm diameter were made by a single emulsion procedure with polyketal PK3 using PVA as surfactant. While a commercially available transfection reagent yielded 7% uptake as measured by flow cytometery, 81% of macrophages were positive for fluorescently-labeled siRNA in PK3-siNOX2 treated cells. These data were confirmed with confocal microscopy. Macrophages treated with PK3-siNOX2 demonstrated a significant 43% knockdown in Nox2 gene expression at 24 hours, while no reduction was seen with scrambled siRNA or empty particles. Functional activity was assessed by a fluorescent dihyroethidium dye based HPLC quantification after phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate stimulation following 72 hours of particle treatment to measure superoxide production. PK3-siNox2 treated cells exhibited a 41% reduction in activity, with no significant changes seen with scrambled siRNA or empty particle treatment. Currently, the therapeutic potential of the Nox2-siRNA particles is being evaluated in a mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion. Successful completion of these studies could lead to a novel treatment for post-infarction injury.
Confluence of Epidemics of Hepatitis C, Diabetes, Obesity, and Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States Population
Authors: Mariana Lazo, Chizoba Nwankwo, Natalie R. Daya, David L. Thomas, Shruti H. Mehta, Stephen Juraschek, Kerry Willis, Elizabeth Selvin
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2017)
Overcoming the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment of Hodgkin Lymphoma Using Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells
Authors: Marco Ruella, Michael Klichinsky, Saad S. Kenderian, Olga Shestova, Amy Ziober, Daniel O. Kraft, Michael Feldman, Mariusz A. Wasik, Carl H. June, Saar Gill
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2017)

Patients with otherwise treatment-resistant Hodgkin lymphoma could benefit from chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CART) therapy. However, Hodgkin lymphoma lacks CD19 and contains a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). We hypothesized that in Hodgkin lymphoma, CART should target both malignant cells and the TME. We demonstrated CD123 on both Hodgkin lymphoma cells and TME, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). In vitro, Hodgkin lymphoma cells convert macrophages toward immunosuppressive TAMs that inhibit T-cell proliferation. In contrast, anti-CD123 CART recognized and killed TAMs, thus overcoming immunosuppression. Finally, we showed in immunodeficient mouse models that CART123 eradicated Hodgkin lymphoma and established long-term immune memory. A novel platform that targets malignant cells and the microenvironment may be needed to successfully treat malignancies with an immunosuppressive milieu.Significance: Anti-CD123 chimeric antigen receptor T cells target both the malignant cells and TAMs in Hodgkin lymphoma, thereby eliminating an important immunosuppressive component of the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Discov; 7(10); 1154-67. ©2017 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1047.
Pralatrexate: Phase 1/2 Study in Japanese Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma (PTCL)
Authors: Yoshinobu Maeda, Kensei Tobinai, Hirokazu Nagai, Takahiko Nakane, Tatsu Shimoyama, Tomonori Nakazato, Rika Sakai, Takayuki Ishikawa, Koji Izutsu, Ryuzo Ueda
Journal: Blood (2016)
Doctors' diagnosis
Journal: BMJ (2003)

saved per 100 patients treated.Benefits from prehospital thrombolysis have also been shown to include a reduction in overall morbidity. 6 In all the groups, ambulance response time, defined as the time from calling for professional help to the arrival of an emergency ambulance, shows a marked difference between patients calling their general practitioner and those who dial 999.Although the contribution of general practitioners in this setting should not be underestimated in clear cut cases, the adoption of the "dual response" suggested by the British Heart Foundation might minimise this delay. 13 Any system of prehospital thrombolysis requires a rapid response to calls about undifferentiated chest pain received from within the community.Over the 12 months of our study the accident and emergency department received 229 calls and effected thrombolysis in 28 patients.Although this ratio is broadly similar for patients receiving thrombolysis in hospital, it underlines the commitment and resources necessary to promote early treatment.We thank R Chan, senior lecturer in cardiovascular epidemiology, for his help with the statistical analysis, Robert Colburn of the Scottish Ambulance Service for his help in establishing the project, and Steve Beedie, ambulance paramedic, for his help in collecting prehospital data.Contributors: DKP designed the study and wrote the paper.KB and EMC collected the data and compiled the database.CGG was involved in the planning, implementation, and audit of the service.IG was responsible for paramedics' training and service development.GM and THP participated in validation of the data.SDP helped plan the service and revised the first draft of the paper.MCJ had the original idea for the provision and design of the service, participated in implementation and audit
A randomized comparison of darbepoetin alfa every three weeks with epoetin thrice weekly for chemotherapy induced anemia in nonhematological cancer patients
Authors: A. A. Kotsori, M. M. Vaslamatzis, C. G. Alexopoulos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

19625 Background: A strong tendency exists nowadays in clinical practice to move from thrice weekly (TIW) to weekly (QW) and even every 3 weeks (Q3W) administration of erythropoetic therapy for chemotherapy induced anemia. Although head to head comparison of QW Darbepoetin with TIW Epoetin showed similar effectiveness between the two, such a study for Q3W Darbepoetin has not been published so far. Methods: We randomly compared Q3W Darbepoetin (500mcg, Group B) with TIW Epoetin, 10.000 U (20.000 U in nonresponders after 6 weeks, Group A) in 100 patients with chemotherapy induced anemia (Hb = 11gr). Evaluation was performed on week 6 and 12 including QOL assessment using FACT-An scale Results: At present, all patients have completed first evaluation and 94 second evaluation. All will have completed second evaluation by the end of January 2007. In group A, Hb increased from 10.31±0.81 at baseline to 11.5±1.8 at 6 weeks (p=.000) and to 12±2.27 at 12 weeks (p=0.000). No significant (p=.13) increase was observed between week 6 and 12. In group B, a non significant (p=.068) increase of Hb was observed from baseline (10.27±.78) to week 6 (10.68±.24) but Hb increased significantly (p=.005) to 11.12±1.7 at 12 weeks. It also increased between week 6 and 12 (p=.009). In all 100 patients, Hb increased from 10.30±.79 at baseline to 11.09±1.74 at 6 weeks (p= .000) and to 11.58±2.05 at 12 weeks (p=.000). It also increased between week 6 and 12 (p=.005). Seven of 31 (22%) responders in group A had to double Epoetin dose. Eight patients in group A required transfusions compared with 7 in group B (p=NS). On an intent to treat analysis, RR at 6 weeks was 52% for Epoetin versus 30% for Darbepoetin (p=.078) and 62% versus 46%, respectively at 12 weeks. QOL analysis will be presented. Conclusions: Q3W Darbepoetin is a very convenient scheme with comparable effectiveness with TIW Epoetin. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
CT-P6 compared with reference trastuzumab for HER2-positive breast cancer: a randomised, double-blind, active-controlled, phase 3 equivalence trial
Authors: Justin Stebbing, Yauheni Baranau, Valeriy Baryash, Alexey Manikhas, Vladimir Moiseyenko, Giorgi Dzagnidze, Edvard Zhavrid, Dmytro Boliukh, Daniil Stroyakovskii, Joanna Pikiel, Alexandru Eniu, Dmitry Komov, Gabriela Morar-Bolba, Rubi K Li, Andriy Rusyn, Sang Joon Lee, Sung Young Lee, Francisco J Esteva
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2017)
Self-harm and violent criminality among young people who experienced trauma-related hospital admission during childhood: a Danish national cohort study
Authors: Roger T Webb, Sussie Antonsen, Matthew J Carr, Louis Appleby, Carsten B Pedersen, Pearl L H Mok
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2017)

Development of a better understanding of subsequent pathways for individuals who experienced trauma during childhood might usefully inform clinicians and public health professionals regarding the causes of self-harm and interpersonal violence. We aimed to examine these risks during late adolescence and early adulthood among people admitted to hospital following injuries or poisonings during their childhood.This national cohort study included Danish people born between Jan 1, 1977, and Dec 31, 1997, and was linked to the National Patient Register and Psychiatric Central Research Register to identify all people exposed to hospital admissions for injuries or poisonings due to self-harm, interpersonal violence, or accidents before their 15th birthday. Linkage to these two registers and to the National Crime Register enabled ascertainment of self-harm and violent offending, respectively, as adverse outcomes at ages 15-35 years. Sex-specific incidence rate ratios (IRRs; relative risks) and cumulative incidence percentage values (absolute risks) were estimated. The confounding influence of parental socioeconomic status was also explored.1 087 672 Danish people were included in this study. The prevalence of any trauma-related hospital admission was 10% (105 753 per 1 087 672; males: 64 454 [11%]; females: 44 299 [8%]) and for both sexes, accident was by far the most prevalent of the categories assessed (males: 59 011 [11%]; females: 40 756 [8%]). Similar patterns of increased risk for self-harm and violent criminality were observed in both sexes, although the IRRs were consistently and significantly larger in women (self-harm: IRR 1·94 [95% CI 1·85-2·02]; violent criminality: 2·16 [1·97-2·36]) than in men (self-harm: 1·61 [1·53-1·69]; violent criminality: 1·58 [1·53-1·63]). Confounding by parental socioeconomic status explained little of the increased risks observed. For young adult men, the highest absolute risk observed was for violent offending among individuals admitted to hospital for interpersonal violence injury during childhood (cumulative incidence 25·0% [95% CI 21·2-28·9]). For young adult women, absolute risk was highest for repeat self-harm among those admitted to hospital following self-harm during childhood (cumulative incidence 21·4% [95% CI 19·8-23·1]). More frequent trauma-related hospital admissions in childhood, and being admitted multiple times for more than one reason, conferred substantial risk increases among young people, with especially steep gradients of this nature observed among women.Trauma-related hospital admission early in life could be a useful marker for childhood distress that subsequently predicts internalised and externalised destructive behaviours among youths and young adults and might provide a timely opportunity for initiating family-oriented interventions.European Research Council.
Abstract 11365: Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis is Useful for the Management of Heart Failure and Prediction of Cardiac Events in Adult Patients With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Masaki Sato, Kei Inai, Mikiko Shimizu, Daiji Takeuchi, Testuko Ishii, Keiko Toyohara, Tokuko Shinohara, Hisashi Sugiyama, Hirofumi Tomimatsu, Toshio Nakanishi, In-Sam Park
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Since decompensated heart failure generally leads to fluid volume overload, the ability to recognize and quantify fluid retention is critical for the treatment of heart failure. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a safe, non-invasive, and rapid assessment method, but little has been reported on the role of BIA in the management of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that BIA is useful for the management of heart failure in adult patients with congenital heart disease. Methods: We performed a retrospective single-center study of 173 consecutive adult patients with congenital heart disease who were admitted to our institute between April 2013 and December 2015. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the patients to evaluate the relationship between the BIA parameters (intracellular water, extracellular water, protein, mineral, fat, edema index (EI, ratio of extracellular water to total body water)) and the laboratory values, echocardiographic parameters, and prevalence of cardiac events. Results: The patients in functional classes 3 and 4 had a higher EI compared with the patients in functional classes 1 and 2 (0.395 vs. 0.384, p &lt; 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the EI was significantly related to serum albumin, BUN, and BNP. In addition, the reduction in body weight (BW) achieved during the hospitalization was significantly related to the reduction in EI; using a generally defined upper limit of EI as 0.39, we developed this model equation: Required BW reduction (kg) = 98.1(EI - 0.39) + 2.26(Protein) - 4.14(Mineral) - 0.04(BUN) - 1.86. During the median follow-up period of 36 months, the Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that an EI of more than 0.39 was significantly associated with an increased prevalence of cardiac events. Using the Cox hazard model, we determined that the hazard ratio of cardiac events in patients with an EI ≧0.39 compared to patients with an EI &lt;0.39 was 3.9 (95%CI 2.0-7.9). In patients who had undergone a Fontan operation, the hazard ratio was 7.0(95%CI 1.4-77.1). Conclusions: The Edema index determined by BIA is a useful marker for the treatment of heart failure and the prediction of cardiac events in adult patients with congenital heart disease.
A randomized, open-label study of the efficacy and safety of AZD4547 monotherapy versus paclitaxel for the treatment of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma with FGFR2 polysomy or gene amplification
Authors: E. Van Cutsem, Y.-J. Bang, W. Mansoor, R.D. Petty, Y. Chao, D. Cunningham, D.R. Ferry, N.R. Smith, P. Frewer, J. Ratnayake, P.K. Stockman, E. Kilgour, D. Landers
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)