tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Administration of Fibrinogen Concentrate During Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Ellis Muggleton, Tuelin Muggleton
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A phase II study of FOLFOXIRI with bevacizumab in untreated metastatic colorectal cancer patients: A UGT1A1 genotype and safety results (QUATTRO study)
Authors: Takeshi Kato, Takayuki Yoshino, Kei Muro, Kentaro Yamazaki, Tatsuro Yamaguchi, Eiji Oki, Shigeyoshi Iwamoto, Akihito Tsuji, Goro Nakayama, Yasunori Emi, Tetsuo Touyama, Masato Nakamura, Masahito Kotaka, Hideaki Bando, Yoshinori Kagawa, Hiroya Taniguchi, Takeharu Yamanaka, Akiyoshi Kanazawa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Lesson of the week: Acute meningoencephalitis and meningitis due to primary HIV infection * Commentary: Is testing for HIV without consent justifiable?
Authors: P J Newton
Journal: BMJ (2002)

# Acute meningoencephalitis and meningitis due to primary HIV infection {#article-title-2}

A wide differential diagnosis exists for meningoencephalitis and meningitis: causes include tuberculosis and infections caused by viruses such as enteroviruses, human herpesviruses (types 1-4, 5 (cytomegalovirus), and 6), paramyxovirus (mumps), measles virus, and adenoviruses. In one cohort, viral genomes were detected in consecutive samples of cerebrospinal fluid from 5% of patients (22 of 410); enteroviruses and human herpesviruses types 1-5 accounted for over 95% of cases.1 HIV infection was not detected. It is often overlooked as a potential cause of meningoencephalitis and meningitis.

The clinical manifestations of primary HIV infection are well characterised and include fever, lethargy, flu-like illness, headache, pharyngitis, generalised rash, lymphadenopathy, and gastrointestinal disturbances.2 Neurological features, including aseptic meningitis, meningoencephalitis, and encephalitis, occur in up to 17% of patients and may be associated with more rapid progression of HIV related disease.3–11 Neurological symptoms may occur or develop up to 3 months after the onset of symptoms of primary HIV infection, when the other symptoms have resolved. We discuss one patient with meningoencephalitis and two patients with meningitis associated with primary HIV infection. In each patient the underlying diagnosis of primary HIV infection was not suspected initially resulting in a delay to diagnosis.

Over a 16 month period three men with viral symptoms had presented to their general practitioner (n=2) and local emergency department. One patient required immediate admission and the others were subsequently admitted through the emergency department and local genitourinary clinic. The patients failed to disclose any risk factor for acquiring HIV infection and none had clinical stigmata of immunosuppression. The table summarises the clinical details of these patients. Here we report on case 1.

View this table:

Clinical details of patients with primary HIV infection



A 34 year old man presented with a one week history of fever, nausea, and confusion. The previous …
NET1– A Novel Activator of Rhoa and Gastric Tumour Cell Invasion
Authors: D Murray, J Leyden, M Arumuguma, E Doyle, G McEntee, C O'Keane, P MacMathuna, P Doran
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Introduction: Tumour invasion and metastasis are characteristic of lethal cancers. Using an in silico approach, we have identified a gastric cancer associated gene, NET1 which through activation of RhoA, drives the invasive gastric cancer phenotype.
Computed Tomography Angiography Images of Coronary Artery Stenosis Provide a Better Prediction of Risk Than Traditional Risk Factors in Asymptomatic Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Long-term Study of Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Kwan Yong Lee, Byung-Hee Hwang, Tae-Hoon Kim, Chan Jun Kim, Jin-Jin Kim, Eun-Ho Choo, Ik Jun Choi, Young Choi, Ha-Wook Park, Yoon-Seok Koh, Pum-Joon Kim, Jong Min Lee, Mi-Jeong Kim, Doo Soo Jeon, Jae-Hyoung Cho, Jung Im Jung, Ki-Bae Seung, Kiyuk Chang
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

OBJECTIVE We investigated the efficacy of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in predicting the long-term risks in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes and compared it with traditional risk factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed 933 patients with asymptomatic type 2 diabetes who underwent CCTA. Stenosis was considered obstructive (≥50%) in each coronary artery segment using CCTA. The extent and severity scores for coronary artery disease (CAD) were evaluated. The primary end point was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including all-cause mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and late coronary revascularization during a mean follow-up period of 5.5 ± 2.1 years. RESULTS Ninety-four patients with MACE exhibited obstructive CAD with a greater extent and higher severity scores (P &amp;lt; 0.001 for all). After adjusting for confounding risk factors, obstructive CAD remained an independent predictor of MACE (hazard ratio 3.11 [95% CI 2.00–4.86]; P &amp;lt; 0.001]). The performance of a risk prediction model based on C-statistics was significantly improved (C-index 0.788 [95% CI 0.747–0.829]; P = 0.0349) upon the addition of a finding of obstructive CAD using CCTA to traditional risk factors, including age, male, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and HbA1c. Both integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) and net reclassification improvement (NRI) analyses further supported this finding (IDI 0.046 [95% CI 0.020–0.072], P &amp;lt; 0.001, and NRI 0.55 [95% CI 0.343–0.757], P &amp;lt; 0.001). In contrast, the risk prediction power of the coronary artery calcium score remained unimproved (C-index 0.740, P = 0.547). CONCLUSIONS Based on our data, the addition of CCTA-detected obstructive CAD to models that include traditional risk factors improves the predictions of MACE in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes.
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with paclitaxel in breast cancer stage II-III.
Authors: Eduardo Richardet, Martin Richardet, Romina Brombin, Matias Nicolas Cortes, Matias Molina, Aldo Alejandro Riso, Pablo Companys, Perelli Laura, Patricia Hernandez, Luciana Paola Acosta
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e11522 Background: There is a belief that sequential therapy is less toxic and more effective. We propose to evaluate the compliance of the CRT treatment with concurrent taxanes. Methods: Retrospective, observational and descriptive study. 76 medical records of patients were analyzed between 2007 and 2013, with an average follow up of 37,26 months (9 to 80 months). All of them underwent a complete surgery of the tumor. The chemotherapy (CT) used was AC for 4 cycles (Doxorubicin 60 mg/m2, Cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2, day 1 every 21 days) followed by Paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 per week for twelve weeks concurrent with radiotherapy (RT) of the affected breast. In patients with positive hormone receptors, hormone treatment was prescribed afterwards. Results: Patients were 57 years old on average. All of them received planned CT with an average delay from the surgery to the first CT cycle of 70 days. The RT treatment started around 160 days after the final surgical treatment. 9,2% of patients (n=7) interrupted RT treatment due to skin toxicity and actinic dermatitis grades 3 and 4. The average number of days with no treatment was 6 days (3-9 days). In relation to CT, 17% of patients (13) interrupted it due to blood toxicities, asthenia and arthralgia. The average discontinuation of treatment was of 18 days. Cardiac or lung adverse events were not evidenced. The rest of toxicities was well tolerated with support medication. Conclusions: Although the toxicity observed with concomitant treatment is slightly higher than that described in the literature for the sequential scheme, in our experience, this was not associated with the suspension or significant delay in the implementation of the concomitant treatment. For this reason, we optimize the time that patients receive the indicated therapy. We are making a longer follow up to assess whether the treatment is related to increased Disease free survival and Overall survival, apart from considering the possible long-term adverse reactions. Toxicities G1 G2 G3 G4 Anemia 30% (23) 2.6% (2) 1.3% (1) Asthenia 21% (16) 7.9% (6) 1.3% (1) Nausea 3.9% (3) 6.5% (5) Vomiting 5.2% (4) Thrombocytopenia 1.3% (1) Neutropenia 7.8% (6) 2.6% (2) 2.6%(2) 1.3% (1) Arthralgias 3.9% (3) 1.3% (1) Actinic dermatitis 35% (27) 27% (21) 22% (17) 1.3% (1)
Crm1 overexpression associates with cervical cancer and is critical for cell survival and proliferation.
Authors: Pauline van der Watt, Christopher Maske, Denver Hendricks, M.Iqbal Parker, Lynette Denny, Dhirendra Govender, Michael Birrer, Virna Leaner
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

A74   Changes in gene expression patterns are one of the major biological factors driving the development of cancer. We identified increased expression levels of the nuclear transport proteins,  crm1 (exportin 1), importin α1 (karyopherin α2), importin β1 (karyopherin β1),  and  ran , in cervical cancers compared to normal tissue by expression profile analysis. qRT-PCR confirmed significantly higher expression of these genes in cervical cancer specimens, and the upregulation of the Crm1 protein was verified by Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses. Increased Crm1 expression appears to be an early event in the development of cervical cancer since dysplasias including low-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions (HSIL) exhibited higher levels compared to normal tissue. Elevated Crm1 expression was also detected in cervical cancer cell lines compared to normal cervical epithelial primary cells supporting our finding that high Crm1 levels associates with cervical cancer. Crm1 activity appeared critical for cancer cell survival since inhibition of its activity with Leptomycin B had an enhanced cytotoxic effect on cervical cancer cells compared to normal cells. Moreover, Crm1 inhibition using siRNA resulted in a significant reduction in cell proliferation that was accompanied by nuclear accumulation of p53 and the induction of apoptosis. Our data suggests that nuclear transport proteins such as Crm1 may serve as markers of cervical carcinoma and have functional relevance to the disease. It is thus feasible that targeted disruption of different components of the nuclear transport protein family may be of benefit in the treatment of cancer.
Validation of next-generation sequencing cancer panels for clinical somatic mutation profilin: Identification of source of variations and artifacts using FFPE tissues.
Authors: Ken C. N. Chang, Yun Zhao, John Kang, Saumya Pant, Ping Qiu, Bo Wei, Russell Weiner, Matthew John Marton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e22180 Background: Use of a next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based test as a clinical trial assay requires that the test be analytically validated to CLIA/CAP regulations. During the course of analytically validating NGS cancer panels for use as patient enrollment assays, we assessed the repeatability, reproducibility and accuracy of commercially available Cancer Panels. Methods: Illumina TruSeq Cancer Panel on MiSeq and Life Technologies AmpliSeq v2 Cancer Panel on Ion Torrent PGM were used for this study. The basic design of the experiments comprised the evaluation of 6 replicates starting from gDNA isolated from a pooled sample in which each replicate underwent independent library preparation and was analyzed in a multiplexed run in the same flow cell or chip (repeatability for library preparation). We also evaluated 6 different CRC FFPE tissue samples through a similar multiplexing design and repeated the same experiment for three times on different days (run-to-run reproducibility). Results: We found in both platforms that variants with higher variant frequency (VF >30%) were called with much higher repeatability and reproducibility than those with lower VF (between 5 and 25%), a level at which many somatic mutations are found. Also, Illumina MiSeq run-to-run reproducibility was significantly higher than that of Ion Torrent PGM. However, Illumina TruSeq library preparation protocol resulted in much lower repeatability than those obtained from Ion Torrent AmpliSeq protocol at the low VF range. We also found very high C to T mutation calls associated with Illumina Cancer Panel using TruSeq library preparation protocol (but not with Ion Torrent using AmpliSeq protocol) when a less stringent filter set was used. Conclusions: Library preparation protocols that start with PCR amplification, such as the AmpliSeq protocol, provide higher repeatability on variant calls with low VF and therefore, are more suitable for mutation profiling and mutation signature studies where somatic mutations are the focus and balanced false positive and false negative rates are critical to success.
Regulation of Androgen Receptor Activity by Tyrosine Phosphorylation
Authors: Zhiyong Guo, Bojie Dai, Tianyun Jiang, Kexin Xu, Yingqiu Xie, Oekyung Kim, Issa Nesheiwat, Xiangtian Kong, Jonathan Melamed, Venkatesh D. Handratta, Vincent C.O. Njar, Angela M.H. Brodie, Li-Rong Yu, Timothy D. Veenstra, Hegang Chen, Yun Qiu
Journal: Cancer Cell (2007)
New Model for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Tobias Janowitz, Edward H. Williams, Andrea Marshall, Nicola Ainsworth, Peter B. Thomas, Stephen J. Sammut, Scott Shepherd, Jeff White, Patrick B. Mark, Andy G. Lynch, Duncan I. Jodrell, Simon Tavaré, Helena Earl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Purpose The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is essential for carboplatin chemotherapy dosing; however, the best method to estimate GFR in patients with cancer is unknown. We identify the most accurate and least biased method. Methods We obtained data on age, sex, height, weight, serum creatinine concentrations, and results for GFR from chromium-51 ( 51 Cr) EDTA excretion measurements ( 51 Cr-EDTA GFR) from white patients ≥ 18 years of age with histologically confirmed cancer diagnoses at the Cambridge University Hospital NHS Trust, United Kingdom. We developed a new multivariable linear model for GFR using statistical regression analysis. 51 Cr-EDTA GFR was compared with the estimated GFR (eGFR) from seven published models and our new model, using the statistics root-mean-squared-error (RMSE) and median residual and on an internal and external validation data set. We performed a comparison of carboplatin dosing accuracy on the basis of an absolute percentage error &gt; 20%. Results Between August 2006 and January 2013, data from 2,471 patients were obtained. The new model improved the eGFR accuracy (RMSE, 15.00 mL/min; 95% CI, 14.12 to 16.00 mL/min) compared with all published models. Body surface area (BSA)–adjusted chronic kidney disease epidemiology (CKD-EPI) was the most accurate published model for eGFR (RMSE, 16.30 mL/min; 95% CI, 15.34 to 17.38 mL/min) for the internal validation set. Importantly, the new model reduced the fraction of patients with a carboplatin dose absolute percentage error &gt; 20% to 14.17% in contrast to 18.62% for the BSA-adjusted CKD-EPI and 25.51% for the Cockcroft-Gault formula. The results were externally validated. Conclusion In a large data set from patients with cancer, BSA-adjusted CKD-EPI is the most accurate published model to predict GFR. The new model improves this estimation and may present a new standard of care.
Silk Offers No Relief From Eczema
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Avian Influenza: Detection of Avian Influenza Virus from Cloacal Swabs Using a Disposable Well Gate FET Sensor (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 13/2017)
Authors: Sungwook Park, Jaebin Choi, Minhong Jeun, Yongdeok Kim, Seong-Su Yuk, Sang Kyung Kim, Chang-Seon Song, Seok Lee, Kwan Hyi Lee
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

In article number 1700371, Kwan Hyi Lee and co-workers describe a dual-gate FET avian influenza sensor, developed at the Korea Institute of Science and Technology, that detects viruses directly from the cloacal swab of a live animal with the help of a disposable well gate. The disposable well gate, chemically optimized to a lysis buffer, allows both lysis and detection to occur in a single-well, single-buffer, 30-minute procedure.
The panitumumab with FOLFOX4 in metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (mGA) - VEGA trial. Efficacy and safety outcomes of a phase II S.I.C.O.G. study
Authors: Vincenzo Formica, Rossana Casaretti, Giuseppe Comella, Chiara Carlomagno, Luigi Maiorino, Ettore Greco, Anna Russo, Gianni Sanna, Luisa Barzelloni Maria, Bruno Massidda, Cristiano Serci, S. Defraia, Giuseppe Palmieri, Teresa Ionta Maria
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Young and uninsured: Insurance patterns of recently diagnosed adolescent and young adult cancer survivors in the AYA HOPE study.
Authors: Helen M. Parsons, Susanne Schmidt, Linda C Harlan, Erin E. Kent, Charles Lynch, Ashley Wilder Smith, Theresa H.M. Keegan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

10086 Background: Young adults have historically been the least likely to have health insurance in the United States. Previous studies of childhood cancer survivors found lower rates of insurance and less access to medical care compared to siblings; however, no studies have examined continuity of insurance after cancer diagnosis in adolescents and young adults (AYAs). Methods: Using the AYA Health Outcomes and Patient Experience study, a cohort of 465 15-39 year-olds from participating Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registries, we evaluated changes in and sponsors of health insurance coverage after diagnosis, coverage of doctor-recommended tests, and factors associated with lack of insurance post-diagnosis using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. Results: Over 25% (n=118) of AYA cancer survivors experienced some period without insurance up to 35 months post-diagnosis. Insurance rates were high in the initial year after diagnosis (6-14 months; 93.3%) but decreased substantially at follow-up (15-35 months; 85.2%). The most common sponsor of health insurance was employer/school-coverage (43.7%). Multivariable analysis indicated that older survivors (25-39 vs. 15-19; Odds Ratio (OR): 3.35, p<0.01) and those with less education (high school or less vs. college graduate; OR: 2.80, p<0.01) were more likely to experience a period without insurance after diagnosis. Furthermore, >20% of survivors indicated there were doctor-recommended tests/treatments not covered by insurance, but >80% received them regardless of coverage. Conclusions: Insurance rates decrease with time since diagnosis in AYA cancer survivors. Future studies should examine how new policies under the Affordable Care Act extend access and insurance coverage beyond initial treatment.
Reconfiguring acute hospitals in England
Authors: Steven Ford
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Use of Google as a diagnostic aid Bias your searchEditor-Although Google can be a valuable aid in reaching diagnoses in rare conditions, 1 the problem faced in a busy, fast-paced clinic can be the abundance of lesser quality material on the web."Biasing" or directing your search by adding the name of an online clinical knowledge base such as Emedicine can lead you to quality information more quickly; you avoid sifting through dozens of unknown journals, personal webpages, blogs, or discussion forums containing your search terms.For example, by typing "pigmented lesion+buccal" into Google you will get 55 000 hits with a vast array of very different material.However, typing "pigmented lesion+buccal+emedicine" provides only 106 hits (accessed 12 November 2006), the first being a comprehensive Emedicine review on Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. 2You get similar results by adding "BMJ" to the end of your search; in this case the top hit is an ABC of oral health article.