tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Colorectal neuroendocrine carcinoma and colorectal mixed adeno-neuroendocrine carcinoma: A population-based study of the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results registry
Authors: M. Liu, H. Zhang, Y. Yang, X. Fu, K. Nan, T. Tian
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)

Introduction: Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is defined as poorly differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms. Mixed adeno-neuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) is a really new pathological diagnosis. It was defined as tumors with both neuroendocrine and epithelial components. Both NEC and MANEC belong to NEN. Up to now, the most published literatures about MANEC are case reports and small case studies. Research about the differences between colorectal NEC and colorectal MANEC is missing. Methods: In this study, we collected patients from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Registry (SEER) database-18. We analyzed the demographic and clinical pathological characteristics of colorectal MANEC and compared colorectal MANED with colorectal NEC. Then we analyzed the prognosis factors and survival rate of these two types of pathology in colorectum. Results: The results revealed that the age of diagnosis, the most frequency primary site, median survival time, the 5-year survival rate and the prognosis factors were different between colorectal MANEC and colorectal NEC. Next, we analyzed the survival curve in different subgroups and we found that 5-year survival rate of distance metastasis or stage IV patients of colorectal MANEC was significant less than that of colorectal NEC. Finally, we analyzed surgical operation and radiotherapy in colorectal MANEC and NEC and we found that colorectal MANEC patients with tumors located in colon or who were older than 50 years old or in TNM Stage III/IV could benefit from surgical operation. All colorectal NEC patients could benefit from surgical operation except patients with distance metastasis. Colorectal MANEC patients could not benefit from radiotherapy. Well for colorectal NEC patients, receiving radiotherapy meant shorter overall survival. Conclusion: Our study found that the median survival time of colorectal MANEC was longer than colorectal NEC, but the rapid progress of advanced colorectal MANEC resulted in the lower 5-year survival rate than colorectal NEC. Operation is a best choice for both MANEC patients and NEC patients.
LGG-19. LONGTERM EFFECT OF FIRST LINE CHEMOTHERAPY WITH VINCRISTINE AND CARBOPLATIN TO OPTIC PATHWAY GLIOMAS
Authors: Andge Valiakhmetova, Sergey Gorelishev, Boris Kholodov, Olga Medvedeva, Ekaterina Tarasova, Svetlana Chulkova, Angelina Egorova
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Optic pathway gliomas (OPGs) compose a major therapeutic dilemma to the treating physicians. Prediction of late radiological response to Carboplatin-vincristine (CV) regime is still lacking. The aim of our study was to evaluate the long term effect 1st line chemotherapy. 127 patients with OPGs were treated with CV regime chemotherapy from January 2003 to December 2016. The measurement of tumor volume included the delineation on each slice of the tomogram with the subsequent automatic calculation of the volume in the program OsiriX MD. For calculation of percentage of changing of the tumor we included the first MR study before initiation of treatment (X1) and control MRI at week 24 (X2), as the outcome study we included an imaging study that was done not less than 1 year, an average period of 4 years (range 1-10 years) following treatment termination (X3). Volume calculation followed to the formula (X3-X1(X2)/X1(X2)) x100%. A total of 103 patients from 127 met the inclusion criteria. 16 patients (12,5%) had PD, 35 SD (27,6%), 15 improvement (11,8%), 23 partial response (18%), and CR 14 (11%). In 4 patients CR was achieved at the time of completion of treatment. In 10 patients from 1 to 9 years after completion of treatment. Chemotherapy in treatment OPG is effective, achieving a complete response after 1st line CV regime of chemotherapy is possible in late time after completing of treatment. Future prospective trials with using molecular studies are needed to explanation and prediction of response to chemotherapy.
TBIO-09. IN VITRO EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL OF GLUCOSE RESTRICTION AS AN ADJUVANT THERAPY FOR PAEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOURS
Authors: George Lockwood, Janhavi Apte, Delyan Ivanov, Rebecca Parr, David A Walker, Lisa CD Storer, Richard G Grundy
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Brain tumours are the most challenging cancers in relation to diagnosis, treatment and outcome. Under normal physiological conditions, brain cells metabolise glucose for energy. If glucose deprived they instead metabolise ketone bodies (KBs). Mitochondrial defects in brain tumours obviate this metabolic flexibility resulting in glucose dependence. Thus, a high fat, low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) may control tumour growth. We evaluated glucose restriction on Ependymoma (BXD-1425, Epn1), pHGG (SF188, KNS42) and DIPG (HSJD07, HSJD013) cells using 17mM, 10mM (diabetic), 5mM (physiological), 3mM (hypoglycaemic), 1mM and 0mM glucose +/- KBs. Spheroid volume and metabolic activity were assessed and immunohistochemistry performed. There was no significant difference in metabolic activity as glucose concentration decreased. Spheroid size decreased in all cells as glucose concentration decreased and could not be rescued by KBs. All cells showed low expression of OXCT1 and BDH1 and were PKM2 positive with no significant variation with glucose concentration. Ki67 was maintained at all glucose concentrations. LC3B and p62 showed increased expression at lower glucose concentrations, unaffected by addition of KBs. Caspase-3 remained low regardless of glucose concentration except in DIPG cells where expression was consistently high. This implies that all cell lines evaluated were unable to adapt and initiated autophagy in response to reduced glucose concentrations. The significance of apoptotic cell death in DIPG cells is uncertain as it appears unrelated to glucose concentration. This shows that Ependymoma, pHGG and DIPG tumour cells are dependent on glucose for growth and provides evidence that these patients may respond to the KD.
RADI-06. CORRELATION BETWEEN APT-CEST AND 18F-CHOLINE PET IN GLIOMA AT 3T
Authors: Marilena Rega, Francisco Torrealdea, Joe Hearle, Moritz Zaiss, Ana Cavalho, Asim Afaq, Shonit Punwani, Xavier Golay, John Dickson, Ananth Shankar, Harpreet Hyare
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is emerging as a powerful diagnostic tool in gliomas but there is lack of agreement as to the source of the Amide Proton Transfer (APT)-CEST signal and contrast. We aimed to investigate whether APT signal could be a non-invasive biomarker of Teenage and Young Adult (TYA) glioma cell proliferation through correlation with 18F-Cho PET SUV as the gold standard. 8 TYA patients referred for 18F-Cho PET-MRI with suspected glioma were recruited for APT-CEST acquired with a gradient echo based snapCEST acquisition (12 studies). Regions of interest (ROI) of the 'non-enhancing', 'enhancing' and 'necrotic core' in the tumour and healthy 'white matter' (WM), were segmented from T2w-FLAIR and T1w-postGd images. The strongest correlation was observed for APT-CEST versus 18F-Cho PET (Spearman ρ = 0.85, p<0.001) and the highest APT-CEST signal was seen in the enhancing and necrotic core ROIs. APT-CEST distinguished the non-enhancing tumour ROI from normal white matter (p<0.001) whilst 18F-Cho PET SUV could not (p>0.05). This feasibility study presents the first comparison of APT-CEST and 18F-Cho PET in patients with TYA gliomas. The strong positive correlation indirectly demonstrates that APT-CEST may be a marker of glioma cell proliferation and further demonstrates the potential of APT-CEST in the assessment of glioma burden. Importantly, APT-CEST could be a useful adjunct in monitoring disease activity in 18F-Cho negative non-enhancing tumour.
Ultrasonic monitoring of liver metastasis after radiofrequency thermoablation
Authors: S. Khoshimov
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)

Introduction: To determine the possibility of ultrasound scanning for the choice of treatment methods and postoperative dynamic observation of patients with colorectal liver metastases.to determine the possibility of ultrasound scanning for the choice of treatment methods and postoperative dynamic observation of patients with colorectal liver metastases. Methods: In our clinic since 2014, radiofrequency thermoablation (RFT) of colorectal liver metastases was performed in 44 patients aged 47 to 75 years. There were 30 men (68.2%), women - 14 (31.8%) people. Most often noted bilobar liver damage, the tumors were intraparenchymatous. The metastases varied from 1 to 4 cm in diameter. Electrosurgical apparatus for radiofrequency ablation of Valleylab Cool-Tip RF was used. Visualization of the process was provided by ultrasonic monitoring in real time. Ultrasound studies were carried out on GE Medical Systems Vivid 3, Logiq Book XP in B-mode and duplex scanning. Results: The algorithm for preoperative research consisted of a set of measures: ultrasound, MRI, biopsy followed by histological examination. To select the RFA method (percutaneous under ultrasound or intraoperative), ultrasound scanning was the determining factor. In 3 patients, RFT was performed intraoperatively in connection with the bilobar, subcapsular location of the foci. Ultrasonic monitoring was performed on the first, seventh and thirtieth days after the operation. Early studies (the first and seventh days) revealed complications after manipulation. Dynamic observation noted: on the first day - increased echogenicity of the liver; on the seventh - a marked increase in echogenicity, increased clarity of borders and a violation of blood flow in the foci. A month later, when visualizing the location of RFT, all patients noted a decrease in the size of the focus by 10-30%, a lack of blood flow in it. Conclusion: Ultrasound scanning should be considered the optimal screening method for monitoring patients after RFT for metastatic liver damage in the immediate postoperative period.
Структурні зміни слизової оболонки шлунка в пацієнтів iз кишковою метаплазією та гіперпродукцією оксиду азоту
Authors: L.M. Mosiychuk, N.Yu. Oshmianska, S.M. Babii
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2018)

Мета: проаналізувати структурні зміни слизової оболонки шлунка та оцінити роль системи оксиду азоту в цих процесах у пацієнтів iз хронічним гастритом та кишковою метаплазією. Матеріали та методи. Морфологічне дослідження проводилося в 38 пацієнтів iз хронічним гастритом та атрофією, локальною (антральний відділ шлунка) або дифузною кишковою метаплазією. Концентрація оксиду азоту була визначена у вмісті шлунка та в крові всіх пацієнтів. Результати. Морфометричне дослідження показало помітне зниження (до (0,12 ± 0,04) %) ядерно-цитоплазматичного співвідношення в пацієнтів iз кишковою метаплазією порівняно з тими, хто мав атрофію. Еліптичність ядер клітин також зменшувалася з розвитком кишкової метаплазії та в пацієнтів без метапластичних змін дорівнювала (0,76 ± 0,04) %, у випадках локальної кишкової метаплазії — (0,65 ± 0,11) %, при дифузнiй метаплазії — (0,41 ± 0,12) %. Встановлено, що у хворих iз кишковою метаплазією, локалiзованою в антральному відділі, рівень оксиду азоту в шлунковому соку збільшується і на 24–65 % перевищує контрольну величину. Розглянуто можливий механізм загибелі клітин слизової оболонки шлунка внаслiдок апоптозу та некрозу в умовах гіперпродукції оксиду азоту. Висновки. Iнгібуючий ефект оксиду азоту на шлункову секрецію реалізується за рахунок його стимулюючого впливу на активність циклооксигенази та синтезу простагландинів.
EAPH-11. INTRAVENTRICULAR THERAPY ALTERNATING ETOPOSIDE, AQUEOUS CYTARABINE AND TOPOTECAN IS FEASIBLE AND SAFE: EXPERIENCE IN 26 PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT BRAIN TUMORS
Authors: Andreas Peyrl, Amedeo Azizi, Johannes Gojo, Dominik Reisinger, Lisa Mayr, Chryssa Grylli, Thomas Czech, Christian Dorfer, Christine Haberler, Ulrike Leiss, Irene Slavc
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Malignant brain tumors carry a high risk for leptomeningeal dissemination, but tumor cells floating in the CSF are often not affected by systemic and/or antiangiogenic chemotherapy. Since liposomal cytarabine was removed from the market, alternatives for intraventricular therapy are desperately needed. We report on our experience with an intraventricular therapy consisting of alternating cycles of etoposide, aqueous cytarabine and topotecan. PATIENTS AND Between 2008 and 2017, 26 patients aged 1 to 17 years (median 7 years) with various malignant brain tumors received intraventricular therapy via an Ommaya reservoir, consisting of alternating etoposide 0.5mg on five consecutive days (<1 year 0.25mg), topotecan 0.4mg twice a week (>1 and <2 years 0.25mg, >2 and <3 years 0.32mg) and aqueous cytarabin 30mg twice a week (<1 year 16mg, >1 and <2 years 20mg, >2 and <3 years 26mg). 1899 doses of etoposide (4–166/patient), corresponding to 2–36 five-day-cycles/patient (median 17), alternating with 307 doses of topotecan (1–49/patient, median 10), and 101 doses of aqueous cytarabine (1–28/patient, median 4) were administered. Treatment was given over a period of 1 – 115 months (median 12 months). Alternating intraventricular treatment was generally well tolerated. One boy with multiple recurrences of an ependymoma in the posterior fossa showed increased tremor after topotecan, another girl reported fatigue after topotecan. Alternating intraventricular therapy with etoposide, aqueous cytarabine and topotecan is feasible and generally well tolerated, and can be an important addition for patients with malignant brain tumors.
RADI-05. EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RANO CRITERIA IN THE HERBY TRIAL OF PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED HIGH-GRADE GLIOMAS
Authors: Daniel Rodriguez, Paul Morgan, Daniel Warren, Monika Warmuth-Metz, Esther Aliaga-Sanchez, Raphael Calmon, Chris Jones, Pascale Varlet, Darren Hargrave, Adela Cañete, Maura Massimino, Amedeo Azizi, Marie-Cecil Le Deley, Frank Saran, Raphael Rousseau, Gudrun Zahlmann, Josep Garcia, Gilles Vassal, Jacques Grill, Tim Jaspan
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of the radiological aspects of HERBY trial, and the practicality and feasibility of including multimodal imaging (MMI) to the response assessment in neuro-oncology (RANO) criteria in a pediatric high grade glioma cohort. We analyzed MMI compliance rates and scan quality for participating sites, adjudication rates and reading times for the central review process, the influence of the different RANO criteria in the final response, and the benefit of incorporating MMI to the decision process. MMI compliance rates were: diffusion 82%, perfusion 60% and spectroscopy 48%. Of the received data 2% of the structural scans and 23% of the MMI scans were not of sufficient quality. Adjudication rates due to differing neuroradiologist responses were 50%, which resulted in a total average reading time per patient of ~3 hours. Increase in diameters of the target enhancing lesion was a reason for progression in 8/86 cases (9.3%) but never the only radiological or clinical reason. EFS was predicted earlier in 5/86 (5.8%) patients by MMI (diffusion, n=4; perfusion, n=1). The addition of MMI to the response criteria was difficult to assess due to low return rates and data quality, but MMI helped to determine progression prediction than structural imaging alone. Increase of target lesion diameter measurement, which accounts for a large proportion of reading time, was never the only reason to stablish disease progression.
EPEN-32. THE RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH EPENDYMOMAS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE COOPERATED MULTICENTER STUDY IN RUSSIA
Authors: Ella Kumirova, Sergey Oserov, Artur Merishavian, Ekaterina Salnikova, Victoria Emzova, Yulia Vayzova, Alexey Nechesnyk, Margarita Belogurova, Julia Denikina, Marina Ryzhova, Galina Tereschenko, Andey Karmanov, Alexandr Shapochnik, Inna Gerbek, Andrey Sysoev, Alexandr Rumyanzev
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

WHO histomolecular classification of CNS-BT dictate another treatment strategies. Traditional factors of the prognosis are still used. Cooperated multicenter studies are needed. Rogachev National Research Medical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology is working with 47 centers of Russia. Since February 2015 we conduct a reference of MRI, histology and cytology of CSF. Prospective registration is established with 5 centers. Included 143 pts: MB 83 (58%), EP 45 (31%), PBL 8 (5.6%), CNS -PHEO-7 (5.4%). Among all 45 pts with EP - 24 boys (54%) and 21 g. The median of age 48 m (from 1 g 11 mnth to 15 y). 35 pts (78%) - EP Grade III, 10 (22%) - Grade I-II. Spinal cord EP - 5 (11.5%), 28 (62%) - PF, supratent - 12 people (26, 5%). Reference of the volume of the resection was in 35 (78%): primary total resection - in 28 (80%), of which only 6 (21%) in regional centers; the primary partial removal was in 6 (17%), in the 1 - biopsy (3%). Second Look operation was performed in all 7 cases. A reference evaluation of the M stage was performed in 26 (58%): 24 cases - M0 stage, 1 M1, 1 M3. 26 (58%) received RT, 15 (33%) - CHT and RT, 4(9%) received only surgery. OS 3-year in our group was 0.96 (± 0.02), PFS was 0.72 (± 0.10). There were 6 relapses after the completion of treatment
PHRM-05. INCREASED TOXICITY OF CONVENTIONAL DOSE CHEMOTHERAPY UTILIZING BODY SURFACE AREA FOR DOSING IN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN ENROLLED ON THE “HEAD START” 4 CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Girish Dhall, Ziad Khatib, Ossama Maher, Megan Jaeger, Myeshia Harmon, Kelley Haley, Teresa Rushing, Jonathan Finlay
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Metabolism of drugs in infants and young children is significantly different from older individuals due to differences in distribution, protein-binding capacity, hepatic metabolism and renal excretion. Body surface area (BSA) is used to dose chemotherapeutics in older children; however, this is inappropriate for infants and young children since it does not take into account the differences in extracellular water distribution. We describe four cases of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) that occurred in young children while receiving induction chemotherapy with cisplatin, etoposide, vincristine, cyclophosphamide and high-dose methotrexate on the “Head Start (HS)” 4 clinical trial using BSA for dosing (mg/m2). Patients #1 and #2 were both 2-years old at diagnosis, received and tolerated the first two cycles with mg/kg dosing uneventfully, then turned 3-years old and received cycle #3 with mg/m2 dosing as per protocol guidelines, and developed SOS. Patient #3 was 3-years old at diagnosis, received induction chemotherapy with mg/m2 dosing, and developed SOS during the very first cycle. Patient #4 was 4-years old at diagnosis and received all 3 induction cycles with mg/m2 dosing, developed serious nephrotoxicity during cycle #1 followed by SOS during cycle #3. In contrast, none of the 40 patients treated on HS II protocol with identical chemotherapy regimen, but with mg/kg dosing, developed SOS. Caution should be exercised when dosing young children between 3-6 years of age by BSA. The HS 4 trial was amended and reopened after external, independent DSMB review to dose all chemotherapy drugs in children <6 years old with mg/kg dosing.
FOLFIRINOX versus gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel for treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer: a single-center cohort study
Authors: I. Cho, H. Kang, J. Jo, H. Lee, M. Chung, J. Park, S. Park, S. Song, M. Park, C. An, S. Jung, S. Bang
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer demonstrates a dismal prognosis and is one of the main causes of cancer-related death worldwide and Korea. Unlike other cancers, progress in the treatment outcomes of metastatic pancreatic cancer has remained stagnant. Recently, two effective regimens were introduced through large-scale clinical trials. FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (Gem+nabPTX) improved the prognosis of metastatic pancreatic cancer patients. However, treatment efficacy and safety were not validated in the Asian population and there was also lack of data that compared the efficacy and safety of the two regimens. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy, safety, and economic aspects of FOLFIRINOX and Gem+nabPTX in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer in Korean population. Methods: Metastatic or recurrent pancreatic cancer patients treated with FOLFIRINOX (n = 86) and Gem+nabPTX (n = 81) as the first-line chemotherapy from January 2015 were identified using the Severance Hospital Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Registry. Treatment efficacy, treatment-related adverse events, and economic aspects were analyzed and compared between two groups. Results: The median follow-up period was 7.9 (range, 1.5-23.4) months. Patients in the FOLFIRINOX group were significantly younger (65 vs. 54 years-old; p < 0.001) and had better performance status at diagnosis. Chemotherapy duration (Gem+nabPTX: 154 vs. FOLFIRINOX: 138 days; p = 0.249) and treatment efficacy were not significantly different between the two groups. Median overall survival, median progression-free survival and objective response rate were 12.1 months, 8.4 months and 46.9% in Gem+nabPTX group and 10.7 months (p = 0.157), 8.0 months (p = 0.134) and 33.7% (p = 0.067) in FOLFIRINOX group. Neurologic adverse events (AEs) were more common in Gem+nabPTX group. Grade ≥3 neuropathy occurred in 18.5% of Gem+nabPTX group and 3.5% in FOLFIRINOX group (p = 0.002). On the other hand, Grade ≥3 neutropenia and gastrointestinal AEs were more common in FOLFIRINOX group. The anticancer drug cost was similar between the two groups. However, in terms of the potential cost burden, the FOLFIRINOX regimen seems to have some disadvantages because FOLFIRINOX group patients must be hospitalized to receive the chemotherapy and showed higher rates of hematologic AE which can cause severe infection. So, total treatment cost was slightly cheaper in Gem+nabPTX group than FOLFIRINOX. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the treatment efficacy of both regimens. However, considering the cost and side effects, Gem+nabPTX is more favorable for metastatic pancreatic cancer patients.
Journal metrics of Clinical and Molecular Hepatology based on the Web of Science Core Collection
Authors: Sun Huh
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2018)

Background/Aims Eight years have passed since Clinical and Molecular Hepatology changed its language policy to English-only in September 2010. The journal has been included in PubMed Central since September 2010. Present title continues the Korean Journal of Hepatology since June 2012. It has been indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection as an Emerging Sources Citation Index journal since 2015. I sought to determine whether the change in language policy was successful based on journal metrics. I also investigated whether the journal has become one of the top-ranked world journals in the category of gastroenterology and hepatology. Methods The following journal metrics were calculated or analyzed based on the journalâs bibliographic information from 2012 to 2017 and the Web of Science Core Collection database: citable and non-citable articles, country of authors, total cites, impact factor, the immediacy index, country of citing authors, citing journal titles, and the Hirsch index. Results From 2012 to 2017, there were 282 citable articles. Authors from 29 countries have published in the journal. The number of total citations in 2017 was 611. The impact factor increased from 2.1 in 2014 to 2.8 in 2017. The citing authors were from 85 countries, and their papers have been cited in 663 journals. The Hirsch index was 19. Conclusions Based on journal metrics, Clinical and Molecular Hepatology has succeeded in becoming a top-ranked international journal 8 years after changing its language policy to English-only. Keywords: Bibliometrics; Editorial policies; Open access publishing; Statistics