tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RCAT reflects symptom control and quality of life in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis patients
Authors: J.‐P. Liedtke, A. Mandl, J. Köther, J. Chwieralski, K. Shah‐Hosseini, E. Raskopf, U. Pieper‐Fürst, S. Allekotte, R. Mösges
Journal: Allergy (2017)

Abstract Background The Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA 2 LEN) Taskforce has requested more data on correlations between various patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) in clinical trials on allergy. We compared three tools—the Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT), Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) and Rhinitis Total Symptom Score (RTSS)—to determine whether the RCAT alone is a sufficient primary outcome parameter in clinical trials on allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Methods In two double‐blind, placebo‐controlled immunotherapy studies, 33 patients allergic to grass pollen and 94 to birch pollen completed two questionnaires (RCAT and RQLQ) and kept their own symptom diary from which the RTSS was calculated. Results Upon comparing RCAT and RQLQ results, we found strong correlations of r = −0.871 for grass pollen–allergic patients and r = −0.795 for birch pollen–allergic patients. The comparison between RCAT and RTSS results showed a strong correlation of r = −0.811 (grass pollen–allergic patients) and a moderate correlation of r = −0.539 (birch pollen–allergic patients). In the RCAT, 69.7% of grass pollen–allergic patients and 45.7% of birch pollen–allergic patients receiving guideline‐concordant therapy were regarded as having insufficiently controlled symptoms. Conclusion The strong correlations suggest that the RCAT alone is equivalent to the RQLQ with respect to patients' symptom control and quality of life. Patients with uncontrolled symptoms can be identified using the RCAT. Hence, the physician can decide whether symptomatic therapy can be intensified or allergy immunotherapy should be administered.
Selecting a prepared medical decision maker.
Authors: Donna S. Zhukovsky, Pamela T. Soliman, Boby Mathew, Sarah Mills, Diane C. Bodurka, Larissa Meyer, Shannon Neville Westin, Marisa Nowitz, LaShan Archie, Shauna Fenton, Kai E. Lang, Janet L. Williams, Valentine Boving
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

18 Background: Selection and preparation of a medical decision maker (MDM) is key to person-centered advance care planning (ACP). ASCO’s Quality Practice Oncology Initiative recommends that all new patients (pts) discuss advance directives or ACP by the third office visit (OV). Methods: We collected baseline data from 9/8/16-12/31/16 for all new pts presenting with invasive malignancy to 4 gynecologic oncologists. A patient needs survey (PNS) was conducted at the 1st OV to evaluate if pts had completed a medical power of attorney (MPOA) &amp; pt desire for additional assistance with advance directives (AD) or ACP. Electronic health records (EHR) were reviewed for the 1 st 3 OV to determine disease status, presence of scanned MPOA and nature and type of ACP notes, including documentation of MD/advance practice provider (MD/APP) discussion of MPOA, social work (SW) MPOA counseling &amp; elements suggesting selection of a prepared MDM. Pearson Chi-Square or Mann-Whitney U test were used for comparisons, as appropriate. Results: Of 150 women, disease status was available for 133 (91%). Data presented are for pts with known status. Median (range) number of visits was 2 (1-3). 29% reported having an AD, but only 11% had a MPOA in the EHR. (See Table). Conclusions: Our data suggest that current processes do not successfully capture the majority of already completed MPOA, most pts do not perceive the relevance of selecting a prepared MDM and that most named MDMs have not been well prepared. Other than for visit #, there were no significant differences by disease status. Future QI cycles will focus on more active pt engagement. [Table: see text]
Development of Nutritools, an interactive dietary assessment tools website, for use in health research
Authors: Marisol Warthon-Medina, Jozef Hooson, Neil Hancock, Nisreen A Alwan, Andy Ness, Petra A Wark, Barrie Margetts, Sian Robinson, Toni Steer, Polly Page, Paul Finglas, Tim Key, Mark Roe, Birdem Amoutzopoulos, Darren C Greenwood, Janet E Cade
Journal: The Lancet (2017)
Early life innate immune signatures of persistent food allergy
Authors: Melanie R. Neeland, Jennifer J. Koplin, Thanh D. Dang, Shyamali C. Dharmage, Mimi L. Tang, Susan L. Prescott, Richard Saffery, David J. Martino, Katrina J. Allen
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)
Abstract 13416: The Days of the Holter Monitor Are Numbered: Extended Continuous Rhythm Monitoring Detects More Clinically Significant Arrhythmias in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Karen Schultz, George Lui, Doff McElhinney, Susan Fernandes, Anne Dubin, Ian Rogers, Mohan Viswanathan, Anitra Romfh, Kara Motonaga, Scott Ceresnak
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Arrhythmias are a leading cause of death in adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD). Arrhythmia detection is essential to management and risk assessment in ACHD. While 24 to 48-hour Holter monitors are often used to assess arrhythmia burden, extended continuous rhythm monitors (ECRM) can record 2 weeks of data. We hypothesized that more clinically significant arrhythmias would be detected on ECRM beyond the first 48 hrs of monitoring. Methods: We reviewed ambulatory Zio® (iRhythm, San Francisco, CA) monitors performed in ACHD patients from June 2013 - May 2016. Atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF), ventricular tachycardia (VT), supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), sinus pause &gt;3 sec, and 3 rd or 2 nd degree type II atrioventricular block (AVB) were considered significant. Number and type of arrhythmias detected within the first 48 hrs were compared to those identified beyond 48 hrs. Results: A total of 387 monitors were performed in 306 patients (34 ± 12.5 yrs, 40% male). The most common diagnoses were Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great arteries, and single ventricle after Fontan. Average wear time was 9.4 ± 4.2 d. Overall, 51% of ECRM showed a significant arrhythmia, fewer than half of which were noted during the first 48 hrs (25% overall). VT was detected by ECRM in 17%, only 30% of which were within 48 hrs. SVT was detected by ECRM in 40%, 48% of which were within 48 hrs. Kaplan-Meier estimates of freedom from arrhythmia are shown in the table and figure. Conclusion: ECRM was more likely to detect a significant arrhythmia beyond the standard 48-hour monitoring period in ACHD patients, suggesting that ECRM may be more useful than Holter monitoring in this population.
Comprehensive distress screening and referral at a tertiary cancer center.
Authors: Elizabeth Trice Loggers, Stephen Duane Watkins King, Jesse R Fann, Kerry K McMillin, Jodie HN David, Lexi M Harlow, Petr Horak, Jean C Yi, Tracy Kusnir-Wong, Barbara Jagels, Moreen Shannon-Dudley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

134 Background: Addressing distress in cancer patients is now broadly recognized as critical to well-being and associated with increased survival. Cancer centers are developing innovative distress screening methods; we describe our novel process and results. Methods: New patients from 9/2015 to 3/2017 received an email requesting completion of a 44-item web-based survey assessing depression (2-item Patient Health Questionnaire), anxiety (2-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder), quality of life (QOL, 28-item Functional Assessment of Cancer Treatment-General), malnutrition (3-item Malnutrition Screening Tool), and 9 items addressing existential crisis, physical function, symptoms, tangible needs and concerns for dependent children. Results were computer scored, with positive screens resulting in direct, automated referrals to supportive care services (SCR). Analysis includes descriptive statistics and logistic regression using SAS 9.4. Results: 71% (n = 2629 of 3724) of those approached provided an email and completed the survey; 73% reporting no survey burden. Non-responders were more likely to be minority, non-English speaking, with non-commercial insurance (all p &lt; 0.001). 59% (n = 1543) of responders screened positive for one or more SCR, including 6% to palliative care for poor QOL or symptoms. Receipt of SCR was more likely with Medicaid insurance (1.36 odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.76, p = .0061); plan to receive care (1.27 OR, CI 1.07-1.50, p = .0061); and any report of survey burden (2.26 OR, CI 1.83-2.80, p &lt; .0001). Conclusions: Web-based distress screening is feasible, efficient and not burdensome for the majority of cancer patients. Those who find this screening burdensome are two-fold more likely to have distress. Future efforts should address screening of vulnerable populations.
The Public Health Consequences of Performance-Enhancing Substances
Authors: Richard J. Auchus, Kirk J. Brower
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 17913: Performance of Emergency Ultrasound During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Trained Residents versus Experienced Staff Doctors
Authors: Yoshinori Matsuoka, Natsumi Hata, Daisuke Mizu, Koichi Ariyoshi
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Emergency ultrasound during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has attracted increasing attention. The 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care recommend ultrasound use during CPR. Although accuracy of ultrasound generally depends on the skill and experience of the examiner, some evidences show that emergency physicians perform emergency ultrasound well enough with appropriate training.   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized that well-trained residents perform emergency ultrasound during CPR as good as staff doctors in emergency departments.   Methods:  We conducted a retrospective analysis of non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients who were brought to an urban emergency department and underwent autopsy between 2010 and 2014 in Japan. To evaluate the diagnostic value of emergency ultrasound, we compared the results of emergency ultrasound performed by residents and staff doctors in the emergency department with autopsy-proven diagnoses.   Results:  A total of 268 patients with non-traumatic OHCAs underwent autopsy (168 men [62.7%], 100 women [37.3%]; mean age, 71.3 ± 15 years). Of them, 202 patients (75.3%) were examined by emergency ultrasound. The most common cause of OHCA was acute coronary syndrome (72 cases, 36 %), followed by aortic pathology (21, 10%), arrhythmia (20, 10%), and pulmonary embolism (9, 4.6%). Emergency ultrasound identified the following causes of OHCA in 19 patients: cardiac tamponade (14 cases), abdominal/thoracic aortic aneurysm rupture (3), and pulmonary embolism (2).Emergency ultrasound performed by residents showed a sensitivity of 55.6% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 40.3-60.1), specificity of 98.9% (95% CI 95.9-99.8), and overall accuracy of 91.7% (95% CI 86.7-93.2), whereas that performed by staff doctors showed a sensitivity of 56.3% (38.0-67.7), specificity of 95.6% (95% CI 91.3-98.3), and overall accuracy of 88.1% (95% CI 81.1-92.4); these values were not significantly different.   Conclusions:  Emergency ultrasound had high accuracy for identifying reversible causes of OHCAs; moreover, the performance of emergency ultrasound by trained residents and experienced staff doctors may not differ.
Rethinking Extended Adjuvant Antiestrogen Therapy to Increase Survivorship in Breast Cancer
Authors: Balkees Abderrahman, V. Craig Jordan
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
The expanding role of patients in integrated cancer network governance.
Authors: Dominique Tremblay, Jean-Sébastien Marchand, Lise Lévesque
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

106 Background: The expanding role of patients (including family) at all levels of healthcare systems is increasingly recognized to favour changes in cancer services delivery. The province of Quebec (Canada) is no exception and promotes patients involvement in governance activities such as the implementation of the National cancer program, local integrated cancer networks, practice guidelines, and patient information material. Generally speaking, network governance refers to the steering process carried out to ensure goals’ achievement. However, we lack sufficient understanding of how patients contribute to this process, at local and national levels. This presentation seeks to report on patients involvement in governance activities within integrated cancer networks. Methods: Design: Qualitative data comprising semi‐structured interviews, focus groups and review of documents. Setting: Four Integrated Local Cancer Networks (ILCN) in Quebec purposively selected to provide variation in size, geographic location and time since implementation of the ILCN. Participants: Key stakeholders including policy-makers (n = 8), managers (n = 56), clinicians (n = 39), patients and their family members (n = 28). Analysis: Content analysis using open-ended coding. Results: This study shows the added value of the formalization of patients involvement in the governance committees at local and national levels of the cancer network. It illustrates the operationalization of the political will to translate the Quebec cancer program ideas into concrete patient-centred practice. Enlightening patients experience through discussion leads to shared decision making, building a “community of patients”, the diffusion of supportive tools, and the development, use and interpretation of performance indicators. Conclusions: Patients involvement is a major, but manageable, change in the integration of care across the cancer continuum. Formalizing the expending role of patients in local and national levels governance committees narrows the macro (hierarchical) and micro (relational) governance divide, which in turn contributes to patient-centred and integrated cancer care.
Abstract B23: The anticancer properties of South African herbal teas utilizing an in vitro pre-exposure anti-inflammatory UVB/keratinocyte model
Authors: Lana Keet, Sylvia Riedel, Amanda C. Swart, E Joubert, WCA Gelderblom
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract The incidence of skin cancer, resulting from exposure to UVB irradiation, has become a global concern as it continues to rise rapidly with the non-melanoma skin cancers, comprised of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, being the most frequently diagnosed in Caucasian populations. Chronic inflammation is suggested to contribute to cancer development and therefore poses a potential target for chemoprevention. In the skin, keratinocytes and macrophages play an integral part in acute and chronic inflammation, with interleukin 1-α (IL-1α) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) as key cytokines governing this process. Green tea (Camellia sinensis) and the South African herbal teas, rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and honeybush (Cyclopia spp.) displayed anti-inflammatory effects in mouse and human skin. To further investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of green tea and the herbal teas, rooibos and honeybush (C. subternata and C. maculata) herbal teas, a pre-exposure UVB-irradiated/keratinocytes cell culture model was developed and validated utilizing human keratinocytes (HaCaT) utilizing the intracellular accumulation of IL-1α as endpoint. Aqueous extracts of the green tea and unfermented herbal teas were prepared, their polyphenolic composition determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and their antioxidant activity characterized utilizing different antioxidant assays. Green tea and rooibos exhibited similar antioxidant activities while C. maculata displayed the lowest overall antioxidant activity mainly due to a high mangiferin level, the major polyphenol in honeybush. UVB-induced IL-1α was decreased by pre-exposing the keratinocytes to the green tea extract for 16 hrs prior to UVB-irradiation while a far weaker response was obtained with the rooibos extract. Both the honeybush extracts displayed a significant anti-inflammatory effect in the reduction of IL-1α with C. subternata exhibiting a slightly increased protection at a lower extract concentration. Flavonoid diversity of the teas is likely to explain the differential effects regarding their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Proposed mechanisms for the anti-inflammatory effects include the modulation of UVB-induced oxidative stress via various pathways and the subsequent down regulation of nuclear factor kappa β (NFκB) and activated protein-1 (AP-1) which are key regulators of cytokine production governing the inflammatory response. Citation Format: Lana Keet, Sylvia Riedel, Amanda C. Swart, E Joubert, WCA Gelderblom. The anticancer properties of South African herbal teas utilizing an in vitro pre-exposure anti-inflammatory UVB/keratinocyte model [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR International Conference: New Frontiers in Cancer Research; 2017 Jan 18-22; Cape Town, South Africa. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(22 Suppl):Abstract nr B23.
Detection of Subclinical Arthritis in Mice by a Thrombin Receptor–Derived Imaging Agent
Authors: Beth Friedman, Michael A. Whitney, Elamprakash N. Savariar, Christa Caneda, Paul Steinbach, Qing Xiong, Dina V. Hingorani, Jessica Crisp, Stephen R. Adams, Michael Kenner, Csilla N. Lippert, Quyen T. Nguyen, Monica Guma, Roger Y. Tsien, Maripat Corr
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2017)

Objective Functional imaging of synovitis could improve both early detection of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and long‐term outcomes. Given the intersection of inflammation with coagulation protease activation, this study was undertaken to examine coagulation protease activities in arthritic mice with a dual‐fluorescence ratiometric activatable cell‐penetrating peptide (RACPP) that has a linker, norleucine (Nle)‐TPRSFL, with a cleavage site for thrombin. Methods K/BxN‐transgenic mice with chronic arthritis and mice with day 1 passive serum‐transfer arthritis were imaged in vivo for Cy5:Cy7 emission ratiometric fluorescence from proteolytic cleavage and activation of RACPP NleTPRSFL . Joint thickness in mice with serum‐transfer arthritis was measured from days 0 to 10. The cleavage‐evoked release of Cy5‐tagged tissue‐adhesive fragments enabled microscopic correlation with immunohistochemistry for inflammatory markers. Thrombin dependence of ratiometric fluorescence was tested by ex vivo application of RACPP NleTPRSFL and argatroban to cryosections obtained from mouse hind paws on day 1 of serum‐transfer arthritis. Results In chronic arthritis, RACPP NleTPRSFL fluorescence ratios of Cy5:Cy7 emission were significantly higher in diseased swollen ankles of K/BxN‐transgenic mice than in normal mouse ankles. A high ratio of RACPP NleTPRSFL fluorescence in mouse ankles and toes on day 1 of serum‐transfer arthritis correlated with subsequent joint swelling. Foci of high ratiometric fluorescence localized to inflammation, as demarcated by immune reactivity for citrullinated histones, macrophages, mast cells, and neutrophils, in soft tissue on day 1 of serum‐transfer arthritis. Ex vivo application of RACPP NleTPRSFL to cryosections obtained from mice on day 1 of serum‐transfer arthritis produced ratiometric fluorescence that was inhibited by argatroban. Conclusion RACPP NleTPRSFL activation detects established experimental arthritis, and the detection of inflammation by RACPP NleTPRSFL on day 1 of serum‐transfer arthritis correlates with disease progression.
Towards the application of precision medicine in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Raffaella Cascella, Claudia Strafella, Valerio Caputo, Valeria Errichiello, Stefania Zampatti, Filippo Milano, Saverio Potenza, Silvestro Mauriello, Giuseppe Novelli, Federico Ricci, Andrea Cusumano, Emiliano Giardina
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2017)
ECDC e OMS: uma missão comum para melhorar a saúde na Europa
Authors: M Danzon
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

O ano 2005 sera um ano importante para a Saude Publica na Europa, com a inauguracao em Estocolmo em Maio de 2005 do Centro europeu de prevencao e controle das doencas (ECDC). A idea de um Centro europeu para o controle das doencas tem sido evocado depois de alguns anos, visto os otimos resultados do Centro de controle das doencas (CDC) americano em Atlanta.