tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P6-07-03: Long non-coding RNA H19 promotes cancer stemness and worsen breast cancer survival
Authors: H Shima, K Kida, A Yamada, S Sugae, K Narui, Y Miyagi, A Ryo, Y Ichikawa, T Ishikawa, I Endo
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background: Cancer stem cells (CSC) are good sources of tumor initiation, heterogeneity, progression, and metastasis because of their unique characteristics. Several potential markers for CSCs have been suggested for breast cancer, including CD44+/CD24−/low, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), and epithelial cell adhesion molecule/epithelial-specific antigen. We previously reported that ALDH1 gene expression is related to aggressive phenotypes and poor prognosis in breast cancers. In this study, we conducted differential analysis of mRNA expression in ALDH1-positive breast cancer to identify genes associated with CSC. Next, we performed basic and clinical studies of one gene. Methods: Messenger RNA was isolated from ALDH1-positive cells and ALDH1-negative cells in 5 ALDH1-positive breast cancers. Microarray analysis revealed that several genes were significantly associated with the ALDH1 gene. Among them, we examined a long non-coding RNA of H19 in this study. We evaluated the effect of H19 on CSCs using RNA interference and a sphere formation assay using two cell lines, HCC1937 and iCSCL10A cells. We also investigated H19 expression in 192 surgical specimens by in situ hybridization and analyzed the relationship between H19 expression and clinic pathological findings in breast cancer patients. Results: Through in vitro experiments, we confirmed that suppression of H19 reduced sphere formation in both HCC1937 and iCSCL10A cells. Among surgical specimens, 48 samples (25%) expressed H19. We verified thatH19 positivity was significantly higher in ALDH1-positive cases than in ALDH1-negative cases (68% vs 9.7%, p &amp;lt; 0.001). H19 was significantly highly expressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) (46%) compared with other subtypes: luminal (33%), luminal-HER2 (6%), and HER2-enriched subtype (15%). H19-positive patients showed significantly worse prognosis (5-year disease-free survival 75.8% vs 91.5%, p = 0.001 and 5-year overall survival 88.7% vs 97.7%, p = 0.002). The effect of H19 expression on prognosis was the most significant in TNBC compared to in other subtypes (5-year disease-free survival 63.6% vs 88.9%, p = 0.038). Conclusions: H19 is clearly associated with CSCs and correlated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients, particularly TNBC. Our future studies will investigate the role of H19 in maintaining the nature of CSCs and protein-coding genes associated with H19. Citation Format: Shima H, Kida K, Yamada A, Sugae S, Narui K, Miyagi Y, Ryo A, Ichikawa Y, Ishikawa T, Endo I. Long non-coding RNA H19 promotes cancer stemness and worsen breast cancer survival [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-07-03.
Using community-driven solutions to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes in rural northern Ghana: the PREMAND Project
Authors: Elizabeth Kaselitz, Raymond Aborigo, Katherine James, Isaiah Agorinya, John Williams, Cheryl A Moyer
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2018)

BackgroundCommunity interventions are often created by researchers, non-profit organisations, or other community outsiders and launched in communities with minimal input from the community members themselves. In addition, these are often blanket interventions, or generic programming offered across varied communities that do not take into account the unique needs of each community. The PREventing Maternal And Neonatal Death (PREMAND) project in rural northern Ghana hypothesised that the root causes of maternal and neonatal deaths and near-misses would vary based on each community's unique geographic, social, and cultural factors, and that interventions to address these issues should be driven by the community members and tailored to their specific needs.MethodsPREMAND is a three-phase project beginning with sociocultural audits of near-misses and verbal and social autopsies of deaths of mothers and babies in four districts in Ghana. Semi-structured qualitative interviews about each event are also conducted and transcribed. Data are then mapped to demonstrate where clusters of events are located and to determine which five communities are experiencing the highest numbers of deaths and near-deaths. Lastly, data and maps generated by PREMAND are presented to community leaders and elders through large community meetings. Communities are provided with small seed grants (US$2000) to generate their own solutions based on the data presented and their own experiences as experts on their own communities.FindingsThe community intervention stage is still underway, but preliminary results indicate that all five identified communities have planned unique interventions, and two of the communities have completed their interventions. One community plumbed water to a local health facility where deliveries occur, and another purchased and retrofitted a motor ambulance for emergency transport. All of the communities have committed to putting forth their own funds so that they can undertake bigger projects than seed money will allow.InterpretationPreliminary results from the community intervention phase demonstrate that, when provided with basic information about the problem and a small amount of resources to develop their own solutions, community members are motivated to enact change, develop unique solutions specific to their own needs, and even contribute their own time and funds to improve their communities.FundingUSAID Ghana.
Asthma‐ and IgE‐associated polymorphisms affect expression of <scp>T<sub>H</sub></scp>17 genes
Authors: L. Worth, S. Michel, V. D. Gaertner, M. Kabesch, M. Schieck
Journal: Allergy (2018)

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. This work was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG; grant B16 of the SFB 587), the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) as part of the National Genome Research Network (NGFN; grant 01GS0810), the SysInflame project (grant 01ZX1306E) and the German Lung Research Center (DZL). Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY AND CONDUCTION DISTURBANCES IN WOMEN UNDERGOING TAVR: A CT SUB-ANALYSIS OF THE WIN-TAVI REGISTRY
Authors: Marco Spaziano, Jaya Chandrasekhar, Samantha Sartori, Alaide Chieffo, Thierry Lefevre, A. Sonia Petronio, Patrizia Presbitero, Didier Tchetche, Alessandro Iadanza, Nicolas Van Mieghem, Julinda Mehilli, Roxana Mehran, Marie-Claude Morice, WIN-TAVI Investigators
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Diploma in Travel Medicine (DTM)
Authors: Stroma Beattie
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Any health professional whose work relates importantly to international travellers. This could include general practitioners and practice nurses as well as medical staff from non-governmental organisations, the United Nations, and the Foreign Office. The DTM is awarded by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons (Glasgow). The course is a distance learning course and is suitable for people who are working full time.

2003-2004, towards the end of my second decade in practice.

My work entails medical care of personnel from 30 different countries working in many Asian countries and includes many issues relating to travel medicine. …
A COMPARISON OF THE ULTRATHIN ORSIRO HYBRID SIROLIMUS-ELUTING STENT WITH CONTEMPORARY DRUG-ELUTING STENTS: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS
Authors: Brian J. Forrestal, Michael Lipinski, Micaela Iantorno, Rebecca Torguson, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
A phase I/II multisite study of nivolumab and carboplatin/paclitaxel with radiation therapy (RT) in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Authors: Jennifer J. Wu, Emily Catherine Atkinson, Lawrence P. Leichman, Hitendra Patel, Syma Iqbal, Kevin Lee Du, Costas Bizekis, Judith D. Goldberg, Charles R. Thomas, Deirdre Jill Cohen, Daniel Jacob Becker, Despina Siolas, Nina Beri, Paul Eliezer Oberstein, Geoffrey Yuyat Ku
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

372 Background: Preoperative chemoRT is a standard-of-care as shown in the CROSS trial ( N Engl J Med 2012;366:2074-2084), Surgery is sometimes deferred in pts with clinical CR (cCR) based on lack of overall survival benefit ( J Clin Oncol 2005;23:2310-2317, J Clin Oncol 2007;25:1160-1168). Nivolumab has activity in advanced ESCC ( Lancet Oncol 2017;18:631-639), and adding it to chemoRT may improve outcomes. Methods: This phase I/II study was designed to assess the safety and tolerability and efficacy of nivolumab added to chemoRT (6 weekly carboplatin AUC 2, paclitaxel 50mg/m2, RT 50.4 Gy in 1.8 Gy fractions 5/7 days) for pts with T any N 1-3 or T 3-4 N 0 M 0 ESCC. The phase I primary endpoint is “unacceptable toxicity” at 28 days after the last dose of chemotherapy. The phase II primary endpoints are cCR (endoscopy + PET/CT) and pCR rates for pts undergoing surgery. Nivolumab is given q2W ×2, then concurrent chemoRT with nivolumab q2W x3. If no cCR, pt proceeds to esophagectomy, then adjuvant nivolumab q2W ×3; if cCR, pt has an option of no surgery but receives nivolumab q2W ×3. Results: From 7/20/17 to 12/27/18, 6 pts were enrolled. No unacceptable or grade 5 toxicities were observed. The most common grade 1/2 AEs in &gt;1 pt were anorexia, myelosuppression, elevated AST and nausea. Grade 3/4 AEs in &gt;1 pt were lymphopenia and leukocytopenia. 2 pts required hospitalizations (dyspnea 1, colitis 1). All pts completed therapy; 1 pt had dose delay due to grade 2 esophagitis; 2 pts progressed, 4 achieved cCR. Of 4 pts with cCR, 2 pts chose surgery and both achieved pCR. None of the 4 pts recurred. Conclusions: ChemoRT with nivolumab is tolerable with manageable toxicities in locally advanced ESCC. Enrollment to the phase II portion ended because of slow accrual. Adverse Events. Grade 1 &amp;2 in &gt; 1 pt: 4/6: Anorexia &amp; Anemia 3/6: Leukocytopenia Neutropenia Thrombocytopenia Nausea &amp; Elevated AST 2/6: Hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia Grade 3 &amp; 4 in &gt; 1 pt: 5/6: Lymphopenia, 2/6: Leukocytopenia
PEG-PGA enveloped octaarginine-peptide nanocomplexes: An oral peptide delivery strategy
Authors: Zhigao Niu, Eleni Samaridou, Emilie Jaumain, Julie Coëne, Gabriela Ullio, Neha Shrestha, Josep Garcia, Matilde Durán-Lobato, Sulay Tovar, Manuel J. Santander-Ortega, M. Victoria Lozano, M. Mar Arroyo-Jimenez, Rocío Ramos-Membrive, Iván Peñuelas, Aloïse Mabondzo, Véronique Préat, Meritxell Teixidó, Ernest Giralt, María José Alonso
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2018)
Doctors have “nothing to be gained” from industrial action, says Lansley
Authors: Helen Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2012)

There is “nothing to be gained” from industrial action, the health secretary for England, Andrew Lansley, has said. His warning came after the BMA announced that its members would be providing urgent and emergency care only for 24 hours in protest at changes to the NHS pension scheme. Speaking to ITV news, Lansley said that industrial action “won’t change anything on the pension deal—it will only cause inconvenience for patients.”

He added, “The public will not understand or sympathise with the BMA’s call for industrial action over their pensions.

“People know that pension reform is needed, as people live longer, and to be fair in future for everyone. We have been clear that the NHS pension …
Utility of FDG Metabolism to Differentiate Synchronous Metastatic Liver Lesions From Synchronous Colon Cancer
Authors: Chia-Lu Yeh, Yen-Kung Chen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

FDG PET/CT has been increasingly used to evaluate recurrent and metastatic colon cancer. A 73-year-old man with a history of surgical resection for synchronous double colon cancer was evaluated with FDG PET/CT on suspicion of hepatic metastases. In this rare case, we present 2 synchronous metastatic liver tumors with different histologic subtypes (nonmucinous vs. mucinous adenocarcinoma) that showed markedly different FDG-avidity. The dual-time-point scanning technique was performed to aid the detection of lesions. The metastatic mucinous tumor was not seen owing to the relatively lower FDG uptake on the initial scan, but was seen on the delayed scan by increased FDG uptake intensity and the lesion-to-background ratio. Both metastatic tumors showed further increased FDG accumulation on delayed images, but to different extents. We concluded that a distinction in FDG metabolism was useful to differentiate tumors with different histologic types, and the dual-time-point scanning technique could help in the detection of malignant lesions and avoid possible false-negative results.
Psychiatry on the web
Authors: Abdi Sanati
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The internet is an invaluable resource for everyone involved with psychiatry at a professional and personal level. There are numerous websites to visit for people interested in psychiatry; in fact a simple Google search for the word psychiatry will give 44 200 000 results. Among these there are some websites that are quite useful. Having said that, your purpose is an important determinant in the usefulness of the website.

The official website of the Royal College …
Diploma in Cognitive Analytic Therapy (PGDipCAT)
Authors: Obianuju Ugochukwu
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The diploma is suitable for health professionals with some therapy skills who are seeking to advance their skills in psychological therapy. My course included specialist registrars, a staff grade doctor, clinical psychologists, nurse therapists, a university counsellor, and an occupational therapist.

I started in 2003 and did it in my second and third (final) years as a specialist registrar. It's a two year diploma. You get an extra year to finish the required …
Unusual inclusions in hemoglobin H disease post‐splenectomy
Authors: Michael Spencer‐Chapman, Asad Luqmani, D. Mark Layton, Barbara J. Bain
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2018)

The blood film showed multiple abnormalities (top Images). There was severe microcytosis, hypochromia, striking poikilocytosis, and target cells. Post-splenectomy changes were also seen: acanthocytes, Howell–Jolly bodies, and giant platelets. There were red cell fragments, some of which were acanthocytic while others contained Howell–Jolly bodies or Pappenheimer bodies. Of particular interest, however were unusual inclusions that are specific for hemoglobin H disease post-splenectomy. These were round and dense with the staining characteristics of hemoglobin. They appeared to be bound to the red cell membrane. They resembled the α chain inclusions that can be seen in β thalassemia major or intermedia but appeared denser. A hemoglobin H preparation was positive and showed Heinz bodies in approaching a third of cells (lower Image). Red cell inclusions such as these, representing precipitated β globin tetramers, are not often observed in hemoglobin H disease since, with intact splenic function, they are removed by the spleen. Following splenectomy, they are present in peripheral blood erythrocytes in vivo and are readily observed on a standard May–Grünwald–Giemsa stain. Post-splenectomy two types of inclusion can thus be observed in a hemoglobin H preparation: (i) preformed Heinz bodies that are present in vivo and (ii) characteristic “golf-ball” cells resulting from in vitro precipitation of dissolved hemoglobin H. nil.
Survival after sipuleucel-T (SIP-T) and low-dose ipilimumab (IPI) in men with metastatic, progressive, castrate-resistant prostate cancer (M-CRPC).
Authors: Justine Ku, Kirk Wilenius, Claire Larsen, Kyle De Guzman, Steven Yoshinaga, Jeffrey S. Turner, Richard Y. Lam, Mark C. Scholz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

368 Background: Phase III trials evaluating enzalutamide or abiraterone in MP-CRPC prior to docetaxel report a median survival of 35 months. SIP-T functions by stimulating cancer-specific dendritic cells and prolongs survival. IPI showed a borderline survival advantage in a large randomized trial. Thus, there may be potential synergy with SIP-T and IPI (SIPIPI) in combination. Methods: Between April 2013 and April 2014, 9 docetaxel-naive men with MP-CRPC were treated prospectively with SIP-T followed immediately by low-dose IPI 1 mg/kg given for a total of 1 to 3 doses every three weeks. As has been previously published (Immuno Targets and Therapy, March 2017), cancer-specific immunoglobulins (IGS) directed at PA2024 and PAP showed a statistically-significant increase after SIP-T and a further statistically-significant increase, above the level achieved with SIP-T, after IPI. Three patients died from progressive disease after 9, 18, and 20 months. This abstract updates the outcome and survival of the remaining 6 patients. Results: Adverse events from SIPIPI were negligible. For the 9 men, the median age, Gleason score, and number of previous hormonal interventions were 77 years, 8, and 3, respectively. Median baseline PSA and Gleason score were 1.7 and 8, respectively. Eight men had bone metastases and 1 had lymph node metastasis. For the 6 surviving men, median follow-up since SIPIPI is 50.5 months (40-53). Their median PSA as of September 2017 is 5.5 (range: 0.27–18.10). Further treatment since SIPIPI includes abiraterone (4) enzalutamide (5) radium-223 (3) docetaxel (2) cabazitaxel (1) carboplatin (1) pembrolizumab (2) and Olaparib (1). One patient continues with a stable PSA of 0.27 without any further treatment post SIPIPI except SBRT. Conclusions: In this small trial of SIPIPI performed in men with docetaxel-naive MP-CRPC, median survival has now surpassed 4 years and the 6 surviving men still maintain a relatively low median PSA of 5.5. One man continues in durable remission without any further therapy except SBRT administered immediately post IPI.
Mass cytometry reveals innate lymphoid cell differentiation pathways in the human fetal intestine
Authors: Na Li, Vincent van Unen, Thomas Höllt, Allan Thompson, Jeroen van Bergen, Nicola Pezzotti, Elmar Eisemann, Anna Vilanova, Susana M. Chuva de Sousa Lopes, Boudewijn P.F. Lelieveldt, Frits Koning
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2018)

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are abundant in mucosal tissues and involved in tissue homeostasis and barrier function. Although several ILC subsets have been identified, it is unknown if additional heterogeneity exists, and their differentiation pathways remain largely unclear. We applied mass cytometry to analyze ILCs in the human fetal intestine and distinguished 34 distinct clusters through a t-SNE-based analysis. A lineage (Lin)-CD7+CD127-CD45RO+CD56+ population clustered between the CD127+ ILC and natural killer (NK) cell subsets, and expressed diverse levels of Eomes, T-bet, GATA3, and RORγt. By visualizing the dynamics of the t-SNE computation, we identified smooth phenotypic transitions from cells within the Lin-CD7+CD127-CD45RO+CD56+ cluster to both the NK cells and CD127+ ILCs, revealing potential differentiation trajectories. In functional differentiation assays, the Lin-CD7+CD127-CD45RO+CD56+CD8a- cells could develop into CD45RA+ NK cells and CD127+RORγt+ ILC3-like cells. Thus, we identified a previously unknown intermediate innate subset that can differentiate into ILC3 and NK cells.
Edoxaban for the Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Jack Hirsh, Jeffrey S. Ginsberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

Cancer is a strong risk factor for venous thromboembolism.1 For decades, standard treatment for all patients with venous thromboembolism consisted of heparin followed by warfarin. The rate of recurrent venous thromboembolism among patients receiving warfarin was consistently higher in those with cancer than in those without cancer.2 The possible reasons for the high rate of recurrence include an erratic international normalized ratio, procedure-related interruption of anticoagulant treatment, and cancer-mediated hypercoagulability.1,3 Randomized, controlled trials comparing low-molecular-weight heparin with warfarin for the treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer showed that the rate of bleeding was similar with the two treatments, . . .
Private practice and enterprise course
Authors: Reza Nassab
Journal: BMJ (2011)

If you have ever wondered how to set up your own business or practice then this course is for you. It provides an introductory glimpse into the workings of setting up your own business, from the legal statutory requirements to understanding cash flow statements. The delegates on the course varied from hospital trainees and general practitioners to established consultants.

The course leader was Ash Mosahebi, a consultant in plastic surgery with a masters degree in business administration (MBA). The remainder of the faculty was made up of experts in the fields of business, accounting, and coding. This was a one day course that consisted of two workshops. The restricted number of delegates allowed …
How and where can I get training in various non-surgical cosmetic procedures (that is, botox and other procedures)?
Authors: Jain Abhilash
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Have a career or related problem that needs answering? Can9t find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone (www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone) for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site.
Harmonising clinical trials within the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup: consensus and unmet needs from the Fifth Ovarian Cancer Consensus Conference
Authors: M.A. Bookman, A. Okamoto, G. Stuart, N. Yanaihara, D. Aoki, M. Bacon, K. Fujiwara, A. González-Martín, P. Harter, J.W. Kim, J. Ledermann, E. Pujade-Lauraine, M. Quinn, K. Ochiai
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)