tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3785: An Involvement of a Novel G-protein Activator on Hypoxia-Induced Apoptosis of Cardiomyocytes and its Interaction with Connexin 43
Authors: Motohiko Sato, Takashi Honda, Qibin Jiao, Reiko Kurotani, Eiji Toyota, Stephen M Lanier, Yoshihiro Ishikawa
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Recently, we identified a novel receptor-independent G-protein activator, Activator of G-protein signaling 8 (AGS8), from a cDNA library of rat hearts subjected to repetitive transient ischemia. AGS8 mRNA was induced in the ischemic myocardium and it regulated Gβγ signaling. In the face of myocardial ischemia and/or ischemia/reperfusion, AGS8 may be involved in signaling events associated with adaptation of the cardiomyocyte to ischemic events. As an initial step to address this issue, we examined the influence of AGS8 on survival of cultured cardiomyocyte following hypoxia. Cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes (NCM) were exposed to hypoxia for 6h, 24 h or hypoxia (6h)/reoxygenation (18h) following transfection of AGS8 siRNA. Apoptosis was determined by DNA end-labeling or detection of changes of mitochondrial membrane potential. Interestingly, silencing of AGS8 inhibited apoptosis of cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia alone (57.8±3.4%, p&lt;0.05 vs. control-siRNA, at 24 h, mean±SEM) as well as hypoxia/reoxygenation (36.4±4.0%, p&lt;0.05 vs. control-siRNA, mean±SEM). Transfection of pcDNA::AGS8 by virus envelope increased apoptosis of NCM (151%±9.6%, p&lt;0.05 vs. vector group, mean±SEM) following hypoxia/reoxygenation, but not NCM cultured in normoxia. Affinity purified AGS8 antibody recognized immunoreactive signals enriched at the cell-cell interface of ventricular cardiomyocytes and NCM, regions also enriched in the gap junction protein connexin 43 (CX43). Indeed, AGS8 and CX43 co-immunoprecipitated from left ventricle lysates. The level of CX43 protein was decreased by overexpression of AGS8 in NCM, whereas suppression of AGS8 expression increased the level of CX43. Subsequent studies indicated that AGS8 stimulated phosphorylation of CX43 in a Gβγ dependent manner following transient expression in COS7 cells. As the level and/or phosphorylation of CX43 may influence apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, these studies suggest a potential mechanism by which AGS8 induction in the face of ischemia may provide a component of the signaling events involved in adaptation and suggest that targeted disruption of the AGS8 cascade may protect the myocardium from ischemic injury.
Tissue persistence of gentamicin in man
Authors: J. J. Schentag
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A two-compartment pharmacokinetic model was used to characterize serum concentrations and to predict tissue accumulation of gentamicin in 47 treated patients. Postmortem tissues were obtained in six cases; in each instance, tissues yielded the predicted amount of drug. Slow release of tissue-bound gentamicin accounts for its prolonged retention in the body. The two-compartment model adequately predicts gentamicin accumulation from serum concentrations and explains why this antibiotic persists in serum and urine. (<i>JAMA</i>238:327-329, 1977)
MPs gather examples of GPs from outside Europe being unable to work in UK
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

MPs are calling for examples of cases where GPs from outside the European Economic Area have been unable to work or have been forced to leave the UK because of visa problems.

The Health Select Committee has invited the public to submit examples of cases where GPs have been forced to leave the UK because of Tier 2 visa …
Horses for courses: When acceptability judgments are more suitable than structural priming (and vice versa)
Authors: Ben Ambridge
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Although structural priming is often the most suitable paradigm, it sometimes misses effects that are detected by more sensitive acceptability-judgment tasks, thus yielding incorrect conclusions. For example, Branigan & Pickering's (B&P's) claim that "syntactic representations do not contain semantic information" (sect. 2.1, para. 2), while supported by structural-priming studies of the passive, is undermined by an acceptability-judgment study of this construction.
24 issues per year, 25 member societies, 1.5 million podcast listens and 6.5 million YouTube views
Authors: Karim M Khan, Babette M Pluim, Kay M Crossley
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

When the current editorial team was given the privilege and responsibility of leading the BJSM into the 2010s, part of the job description was to write a ‘Warm Up’ for each of the 12 annual issues. We have dodged that responsibility pretty consistently and still get paid. However, at the end of our 10th year in the role we share 10 Level 5 opinions.

1.  BJSM aims to serve the clinical community. This resulted from our ‘listening for direct’ consultations in 2008.  It meant that BJSM differentiated itself from leading physiological journals such as Journal of Applied Physiology and also from surgical journals such as the American Journal of Sports Medicine . BJSM was for clinicians who treat those in the physical activity, exercise and sporting community and those who use physical activity, exercise and sport as medicine.

2.  25 member societies make up the current ‘ BJSM family’ without including ‘ the special’ relationships we have with organisations such as the International Olympic Committee, the World Confederation of Physical Therapy, the Concussion in Sport Group (CISG), the International Federation of Sports Physical Therapy etc. The value proposition is that by being a full BJSM member,  a …
Aprepitant improves refractory pruritus in primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: experience of the Spanish Working Group on Cutaneous Lymphomas
Authors: L. Maroñas-Jiménez, T. Estrach, F. Gallardo, A. Pérez, H. Andrés Borja, O. Servitje, S. Pérez Gala, M. Linares Barrio, D. Jiménez Gallo, J. Sanz-Bueno, D. Lora, V. Monsálvez, P.L. Ortiz-Romero
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

Aprepitant has shown a promising anti-itch activity in several cases of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs)1-8. We sought to determine its antipruritic efficacy in a large multicenter series of CTCLs patients with refractory pruritus and, secondarily, to define possible clinical predictors of response.A retrospective, analytical review of the Spanish Working Group on Cutaneous Lymphoma database was designed to collect patients with CTCLs and refractory pruritus, treated with aprepitant from 2009 to 2013.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Paracrine osteoprotegerin and β-catenin stabilization support synovial sarcomagenesis in periosteal cells
Authors: Jared J. Barrott, Benjamin E. Illum, Huifeng Jin, Matthew L. Hedberg, Yanliang Wang, Allie Grossmann, Malay Haldar, Mario R. Capecchi, Kevin B. Jones
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2017)

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is an aggressive soft-tissue sarcoma that is often discovered during adolescence and young adulthood. Despite the name, synovial sarcoma does not typically arise from a synoviocyte but instead arises in close proximity to bones. Previous work demonstrated that mice expressing the characteristic SS18-SSX fusion oncogene in myogenic factor 5–expressing (Myf5-expressing) cells develop fully penetrant sarcomagenesis, suggesting skeletal muscle progenitor cell origin. However, Myf5 is not restricted to committed myoblasts in embryos but is also expressed in multipotent mesenchymal progenitors. Here, we demonstrated that human SS and mouse tumors arising from SS18-SSX expression in the embryonic, but not postnatal, Myf5 lineage share an anatomic location that is frequently adjacent to bone. Additionally, we showed that SS can originate from periosteal cells expressing SS18-SSX alone and from preosteoblasts expressing the fusion oncogene accompanied by the added stabilization of β-catenin, which is a common secondary change in SS. Expression and secretion of the osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor osteoprotegerin enabled early growth of SS18-SSX2–transformed cells, indicating a paracrine link between the bone and synovial sarcomagenesis. These findings explain the skeletal contact frequently observed in human SS and may provide alternate means of enabling SS18-SSX–driven oncogenesis in cells as differentiated as preosteoblasts.
Structural priming is most useful when the conclusions are statistically robust
Authors: Kyle Mahowald, Ariel James, Richard Futrell, Edward Gibson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Branigan & Pickering (B&P) claim that the success of structural priming as a method should "end the current reliance on acceptability judgments." Structural priming is an interesting and useful phenomenon, but we are dubious that the effect is powerful enough to test many detailed claims about specific points of syntactic theory.
Surto de Infecção por Salmonella dublin em França, Novembro­Dezembro 1995
Authors: V Vaillant, S Haeghebaert, J C Desenclos, P Bouvet, F Grimont, P. A.D. Grimont, A P Burnens
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1996)

Em 20 de Dezembro de 1995, a Rede Nacional de Saude Publica (Reseau National de Sante Publique - RNSP) foi notificada pelo Centro Nacional de Referencia de Salmonella e Shigella (Centre National de Reference - CNR) que um numero, maior do que o esperado, de casos de infeccao humana por Salmonella dublin tinham ocorrido em Novembro e Dezembro de 1995. O RNSP ja tinha tido conhecimento atraves da rede de vigilância Europeia, Salm­Net, que um surto de infeccao por S. dublin havia ocorrido na Suica, em Novembro. Esta epidemia tinha sido atribuida ao consumo de queijo feito com leite de vaca nao­pasteurizado da regiao de Doubs, em Franca. A correlacao destas duas partes de informacao sugeria que o queijo deveria estar associado com o surto na Franca.
Le 11e séminaire international sur Campylobacter, Helicobacter et organismes associés, 2001
Authors: J Takkinen, A Ammon
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2003)

En septembre 2001, plus de 700 participants de 54 pays ont assiste au onzieme congres sur Campylobacter, Helicobacter et organismes associes. Ce fut l'occasion de mettre a jour les connaissances sur la complexite epidemiologique de Campylobacter et de mieux la cerner. Le mecanisme de pathogenese de cette bacterie n'est pas encore totalement elucide, et a cet egard, des progres importants ont ete accomplis dans la caracterisation microbiologique. La disponibilite de plus de 100 caracteristiques de souches de diverses origines en Europe, collectees par le reseau Campynet, peut representer un outil precieux dans ce but. 
Actuellement, il parait de plus en plus prouve que les differentes especes de Campylobacter jouent un role different selon le facteur de risque. La relation entre l'utilisation d'antibiotiques chez les animaux de ferme et l'augmentation de la resistance a certains antibiotiques est encore a demontrer, et des resultats contradictoires ont ete rapportes concernant ce probleme.
Found in Translation: How Preclinical Research Is Guiding the Clinical Development of the BCL2-Selective Inhibitor Venetoclax
Authors: Joel D. Leverson, Deepak Sampath, Andrew J. Souers, Saul H. Rosenberg, Wayne J. Fairbrother, Martine Amiot, Marina Konopleva, Anthony Letai
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2017)

Since the discovery of apoptosis as a form of programmed cell death, targeting the apoptosis pathway to induce cancer cell death has been a high-priority goal for cancer therapy. After decades of effort, drug-discovery scientists have succeeded in generating small-molecule inhibitors of antiapoptotic BCL2 family proteins. Innovative medicinal chemistry and structure-based drug design, coupled with a strong fundamental understanding of BCL2 biology, were essential to the development of BH3 mimetics such as the BCL2-selective inhibitor venetoclax. We review a number of preclinical studies that have deepened our understanding of BCL2 biology and facilitated the clinical development of venetoclax.
Predictability or controllability: Which matters more for the BCD?
Authors: Jeffrey Gassen, Hannah K Bradshaw, Randi Proffitt Leyva, Sarah E Hill
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Abstract Pepper &amp; Nettle's theory of the behavioral constellation of deprivation (BCD) would benefit from teasing apart the conceptually distinct – although related – constructs of predictability and control. Our commentary draws from prior research conducted in the learning domain to demonstrate that predictability moderates the effects of control and independently exerts a powerful influence on outcomes relevant to the BCD.
Abstract 16321: Is Atrial Strain Just a Mirror Image of Ventricular Strain?
Authors: Satish Ramkumar, Hong Yang, Ying Wang, Mark Nolan, Kazuaki Negishi, Thomas H Marwick
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Traditional difficulties with measurement of atrial function may have been addressed by development of atrial strain. Atrial mechanics may be involved in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation.   Hypothesis:  Atrial pump function but not conduit function is independent of left ventricular (LV) mechanics.   Methods:  In a community-based study of 576 pts (age 70.7±4.7 yrs, male 46%), participants ≥65 years were recruited if they had 1 or more risk factors (eg. hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity). Baseline echo was undertaken in all pts and LV/atrial strain analysis was conducted using a dedicated software package (Image Arena, Tomtec, Germany). Atrial strain analysis was performed using R-R gating. Patients were grouped according to global longitudinal strain (GLS) (≤ or > than the cut-off -18%) and global circumferential strain (GCS) (≤ or > than the cut-off -22%). The associations between GLS/GCS and atrial reservoir/conduit/pump strain were assessed using univariable and multivariable linear regression.   Results:  Pts with reduced GLS had higher blood pressure and rates of diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity (p 0.05). GCS was not associated with atrial strain. GLS was independently associated with atrial reservoir and conduit strain (p   Conclusion:  Atrial pump strain is independent of LV mechanics.
A multimodal intervention to enhance sexual function and quality of life (QOL) in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) survivors.
Authors: Areej El-Jawahri, Sarah Fishman, Julie Vanderklish, Lara Traeger, Don S. Dizon, Jennifer S. Temel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

191 Background: Although sexual dysfunction is a common long-term complication in allogeneic HCT survivors, interventions to address sexual dysfunction are lacking. Methods: We conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a multimodal sexual dysfunction intervention to improve sexual function in allogeneic HCT survivors. Transplant clinicians systematically screened all HCT survivors ≥ 3 months post-HCT for sexual dysfunction causing distress using the NCCN Survivorship Guidelines. Those who screened positive attended monthly intervention visits with trained study clinicians that focused on 1) assessing sexual dysfunction; 2) educating and empowering patients to address this topic; and 3) implementing therapeutic interventions. We used the PROMIS Sexual Function and Satisfaction Measure, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplant (FACT-BMT), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess sexual function, QOL, and mood at baseline and six months post-intervention, respectively. Results: 33.1% (50/151) of patients screened positive for sexual dysfunction causing distress. 94.0% (47/50) of patients who screened positive agreed to participate. We demonstrated significant improvement in patients’ satisfaction and interest in sex as well as sexual function including orgasm, erectile function, lubrication, and vaginal discomfort [Table 1]. Six of ten patients who were not sexually active prior to the intervention became sexually active post-intervention (P = 0.031). Patients reported improvement in their QOL and a trend toward lower depression (Table). Conclusions: The multimodal intervention to address sexual dysfunction appears feasible with encouraging preliminary efficacy for improving sexual function, QOL, and mood in allogeneic HCT survivors. Clinical trial information: NCT02492100. [Table: see text]
Digging deeper on “deep” learning: A computational ecology approach
Authors: Massimo Buscema, Pier Luigi Sacco
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Abstract We propose an alternative approach to “deep” learning that is based on computational ecologies of structurally diverse artificial neural networks, and on dynamic associative memory responses to stimuli. Rather than focusing on massive computation of many different examples of a single situation, we opt for model-based learning and adaptive flexibility. Cross-fertilization of learning processes across multiple domains is the fundamental feature of human intelligence that must inform “new” artificial intelligence.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Pregnant Women With Diabetes
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
African American perceptions of early palliative care in oncology.
Authors: William F. Pirl, Estefany Saez-Flores, Neysari Arana, Joseph Greer, Areej El-Jawahri, Jennifer S. Temel, Kobetz Erin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

104 Background: While ASCO guidelines recommend early palliative care (PC) for patients with metastatic cancer, few African Americans (AA) have participated in PC trials and little data exist on the acceptability and effect of early PC in this population. Using the ADAPT-ITT framework for culturally tailoring evidence-based interventions, we assessed perceptions of PC and its early introduction in oncology in AAs. Methods: We conducted four focus groups with AAs from community centers in Miami. We enrolled adults without a history of cancer to approximate the knowledge and beliefs of someone with newly diagnosed cancer. Focus groups explored knowledge of PC, value of different components of early PC, and perceptions about introducing PC early after cancer diagnosis. We recorded and transcribed the focus groups, performing thematic analysis with NVivo. Results: Thirty-seven AAs participated. Over half were female (24/37), and median age was 54 years old (range 35-71). Participants had little to no knowledge of PC. Lack of familiarity was attributed to AAs receiving sub-standard care and the belief that PC has been kept from AAs. Rather than being concerned that it might result in less cancer treatment, they reported that PC was actually part of doing everything possible for cancer, and it is the “best care.” PC was viewed as a solution to a major theme of doctors not providing adequate information for patients and families to prepare for negative outcomes such as death. However, some objected to discussing specific survival estimates for fear of speaking them into existence. Distinctions were drawn between what doctors manage (treatments) and what God manages (life/death). Participants could not understand why PC would be reserved for later in the course of illness instead of immediately after cancer diagnosis (“Don’t wait until I’m dying; give it to me now!”). PC was described as “supervising your needs and making sure they are addressed.” Conclusions: AAs were enthusiastic about early PC in oncology, but did not support providing specific estimates of survival. End-of-life planning was considered by some to be spiritual and not medical.
Advance care planning in Hispanic/Latino and non-Hispanic white patients with cancer.
Authors: X Friedman, Veronica Cardenas, Sandahl Nelson, Paulette Gabbai-Saldate, Joseph Ma, Yael Cohen-Arazi, Maria Elena Martinez, Katrina Ng, Eric Roeland
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

10 Background: Advance care planning (ACP) is a process whereby patients communicate their end-of-life treatment preferences. Despite a growing US Hispanic/Latino population, much remains unknown regarding ACP for Hispanic/Latinos. This study examined the association between ethnicity and ACP, including individual surrogate markers—code status documentation, advance directive (AD)/physician order for life-sustaining treatment (POLST) completion, and/or palliative care (PC) consultation—in deceased Hispanic/Latino vs white non-Hispanic (WNH) cancer patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed in randomly-selected, matched pairs of deceased (2011-2016) Hispanic/Latino and WNH cancer patients at an NCI-designated cancer center. Pairs were matched based on sex, age (at diagnosis/death), and cancer type. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess ethnicity (Hispanic/Latino vs WNH) and the presence any ACP (yes/no). Secondary aims examined the association between ethnicity and the presence of individual ACP surrogate markers using separate logistic regression models. All analyses were completed using SAS 9.4. Results: 152 eligible matched pairs were analyzed with no significant differences in presence of any ACP, code status documentation, or PC consultation. Cancer patients with AD/POLST completion were 58% less likely to be Hispanic/Latino than WNH. Conclusions: Historically, ACP in cancer care is difficult to implement with 20-30% penetrance across all racial/ethnic groups. This study suggests even lower rates of AD/POLST completion in Hispanic/Latino patients consistent with prior studies. However, based on the small sample size, these results are not generalizable and requires further evaluation. This study affirms the need for continued efforts to improve AD/POLST completion in Hispanic/Latinos. [Table: see text]
Real-world data on treatment patterns and survival among ALK+ NSCLC patients in Japan. Treatment patterns and survival among ALK+ NSCLC patients in Japan: Single institute experience
Authors: T. Seto, K. Nosaki, R. Toyozawa, K. Taguchi, M. Edagawa, S. Shimamatsu, G. Toyokawa, F. Hirai, M. Yamaguchi, Y. Takeda, M. Takenoyama, Y. Ichinose
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Instrumentalist Analyses of the Functions of Health Ethics Concepts and Principles: Methodological Guideposts
Authors: Eric Racine, M. Ariel Cascio, Aline Bogossian
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2017)

Dickert and colleagues (Dickert et al. 2017) propose a promising “function-based approach” to shed light on the concept of informed consent in clinical research. They convincingly explore how a foc...