Postmalaria Neurologic Syndrome—Autoimmune Encephalitis With Anti–Voltage-Gated Potassium-Channel Antibodies
Authors: Julie Sahuguet, Antoine Poulet, Hanna Bou Ali, Philippe Parola, Elsa Kaphan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Letters4 July 2017Postmalaria Neurologic Syndrome—Autoimmune Encephalitis With Anti–Voltage-Gated Potassium-Channel AntibodiesJulie Sahuguet, MD, Antoine Poulet, MD, Hanna Bou Ali, MD, Philippe Parola, MD, PhD, and Elsa Kaphan, MDJulie Sahuguet, MDFrom Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille and Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.Search for more papers by this author, Antoine Poulet, MDFrom Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille and Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.Search for more papers by this author, Hanna Bou Ali, MDFrom Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille and Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.Search for more papers by this author, Philippe Parola, MD, PhDFrom Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille and Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.Search for more papers by this author, and Elsa Kaphan, MDFrom Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille and Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L16-0651 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Background: Autoimmune encephalitis is an antibody-mediated, subacute inflammatory process with neuropsychiatric features. Some cases have been associated with cancer, and others occur without neoplasia. Rare cases develop after viral infections (1, 2). Postmalaria neurologic syndrome (PMNS) is a neurologic or psychiatric disorder that occurs within 2 months of treatment and resolution of acute cerebral malaria (3, 4).Objective: To describe a patient with PMNS and many features of autoimmune encephalitis.Case Report: A 34-year-old white man with no significant medical history traveled from Marseille, France, to Benin and Mali. The patient did not receive malaria prophylaxis. Four days after his ...References1. Leypoldt F, Titulaer MJ, Aguilar E, Walther J, Bönstrup M, Havemeister S, et al. Herpes simplex virus-1 encephalitis can trigger anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: case report. Neurology. 2013;81:1637-9. [PMID: 24089390] doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a9f531 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Niehusmann P, Widman G, Eis-Hübinger AM, Greschus S, Robens BK, Grote A, et al. Non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis and central nervous HHV-6B reactivation: causality or coincidence? Neuropathology. 2016;36:376-80. [PMID: 27431532] doi:10.1111/neup.12283 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Nguyen TH, Day NP, Ly VC, Waller D, Mai NT, Bethell DB, et al. Post-malaria neurological syndrome. Lancet. 1996;348:917-21. [PMID: 8843810] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Markley JD, Edmond MB. Post-malaria neurological syndrome: a case report and review of the literature. J Travel Med. 2009;16:424-30. [PMID: 19930385] doi:10.1111/j.1708-8305.2009.00349.x CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Rey C, Koric L, Guedj E, Felician O, Kaphan E, Boucraut J, et al. Striatal hypermetabolism in limbic encephalitis. J Neurol. 2012;259:1106-10. [PMID: 22081102] doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6308-2 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille and Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.Acknowledgment: The authors thank Drs. Jeremy Bourenne and Laurence Gilly and Prof. Eric Guedj for their contribution to the collection of the data and for reviewing the manuscript.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L16-0651.This article was published at Annals.org on 16 May 2017. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byNeurological Complications of MalariaClinical presentation and immunological features of Post-Malaria Neurologic Syndrome: a case report and review of literatureCase Report: An Adolescent Girl with Isolated Neuropsychiatric Features and Apparent Post-Malaria Neurological SyndromePost-malaria neurological syndrome: Imported case series and literature review to unscramble the auto-immune hypothesisPost-malaria neurological syndrome: four cases, review of the literature and clarification of the nosological framework 4 July 2017Volume 167, Issue 1Page: 70-71KeywordsAntibodiesCerebrospinal fluidConsciousnessDisclosureEncephalitisEpileptic seizuresFeversHematologic testsMalariaProteins ePublished: 16 May 2017 Issue Published: 4 July 2017 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2017 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...