tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induced hypothermia in patients with septic shock and respiratory failure (CASS): a randomised, controlled, open-label trial
Authors: Theis Skovsgaard Itenov, Maria Egede Johansen, Morten Bestle, Katrin Thormar, Lars Hein, Louise Gyldensted, Anne Lindhardt, Henrik Christensen, Stine Estrup, Henrik Planck Pedersen, Matthew Harmon, Uday Kant Soni, Silvia Perez-Protto, Nicolai Wesche, Ulrik Skram, John Asger Petersen, Thomas Mohr, Tina Waldau, Lone Musaeus Poulsen, Ditte Strange, Nicole P Juffermans, Daniel I Sessler, Else Tønnesen, Kirsten Møller, Dennis Karsten Kristensen, Alessandro Cozzi-Lepri, Jens D Lundgren, Jens-Ulrik Jensen, Jens-Ulrik Stæhr Jensen, Theis Skovsgaard Itenov, Maria Egede Johansen, Jens Lundgren, Else Tønnesen, Morten Bestle, Anne Lindhardt, Henrik Christensen, Henrik Planck Pedersen, Lone Musaeus Poulsen, Alessandro Cozzi-Lepri, Susanne Illkjær, Uday Kant Soni, Kirsten Møller, Nicole P Juffermans, Daniel I Sessler, Thomas Mohr, Henry Masur, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Andrew Copas, Birgit Riis Nielsen, Dennis Karsten Kristensen, Jesper Grarup, Jette Hansen, Kim Nielsen, Lone Valbjørn, Sanne Lauritzen, Tina Kold, Kathrine Grundahl, Lars Hein, Rikke Hein Rasmussen, Nikolaj Wesche, Hasse Blom, Peer Eske Jensen, Tina Galle, Bente Thaarslund, Camilla Skandov, Iben Langholz, Ulrik Skram, Rasmus Ehrenfried Berthelsen, Dorthe Kjær, Merete Uldbjerg, Lily Lipsius, Louise Gyldensted, Magaly Engsig, Rikke Helsted, Birgitte Andersen, Eigil Nygaard, Søren Strande, Aimal Khan Bangash, Tina Waldau, Peter Søe-Jensen, Hamid Tousi, Malene Tangager, Daniel Hagi-Pedersen, Rainer Karl-Heinz Gatz, Marte Kaasen Engen, Christian Åge Wamberg, Bo Westergaard, Matthew Harmon, Katrin Thormar, Stine Stoktoft, Rebecca Scherwin, Finn Bærentzen, Marlene Lauritzen, Frank Pott, Christina Bruun, Christian Meyhoff, Ditte Gry Strange, Dorthe Fris Palmqvist, Claus Hemmingsen, Rune Gärtner, John Asger Petersen, Kai Dieter Jung, Louise La Porte, Mette Viuf, Johannes Troglauer, Silva Borovnjak, Nina Strandkjær, Claus Bretlau, Marianna Hansen, Lea Kielsgaard Zaulich, Christian Overgaard, Katja Bergenholtz, Tejs Jansen, Mette Astrup Bæk-Jensen, Monika Detlefsen, Tannie Lund Albrechtsen, Birgitte Margareta Sode, Hans Christian Boesen, Maria Thostrup, Stine Estrup, Torben Mogens Andersen, Katrine Kjelsteen, Cilia Klara Winther Kjær, Elsebeth Haunstrup, Ole Christensen, Lone Spliid, Birgitte Rasmussen, Henriette Jejlskov, Søren Borchorst, Akil Walli Raad Abdel-Wahab, Marianne Brysting, Jette Victor, Anette Stensbirk, Karen Bjerregaard, Anne Poulsen, Annette Brix Roed, Bianca Bech, Silvia Perez-Protto, Oguz Yilmaz, Sanchit Ahuja, Iman Suleiman, Rodrigo Iglesias, Olena Breum
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2018)
Airflow limitation in people living with HIV and matched uninfected controls
Authors: Andreas Ronit, Jens Lundgren, Shoaib Afzal, Thomas Benfield, Ashley Roen, Amanda Mocroft, Jan Gerstoft, Børge G Nordestgaard, Jørgen Vestbo, Susanne D Nielsen
Journal: Thorax (2018)

Introduction Whether HIV influences pulmonary function remains controversial. We assessed dynamic pulmonary function in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) and uninfected controls. Methods A total of 1098 PLWHIV from the Copenhagen Co-morbidity in HIV infection study and 12 161 age-matched and sex-matched controls from the Copenhagen General Population Study were included. Lung function was assessed using FEV 1 and FVC, while airflow limitation was defined by the lower limit of normal (LLN) of FEV 1 /FVC and by FEV 1 /FVC&lt;0.7 with FEV 1 predicted &lt;80% (fixed). Logistic and linear regression models were used to determine the association between HIV and pulmonary function adjusting for potential confounders (including smoking and socioeconomic status). Results In predominantly white men with mean (SD) age of 50.6 (11.1) the prevalence of airflow limitation (LLN) was 10.6% (95% CI 8.9% to 12.6%) in PLWHIV and 10.6% (95% CI 10.0 to 11.1) in uninfected controls. The multivariable adjusted OR for airflow limitation defined by LLN for HIV was 0.97 (0.77–1.21, P&lt;0.78) and 1.71 (1.34–2.16, P&lt;0.0001) when defined by the fixed criteria. We found no evidence of interaction between HIV and cumulative smoking in these models (P interaction: 0.25 and 0.17 for LLN and fixed criteria, respectively). HIV was independently associated with 197 mL (152–242, P&lt;0.0001) lower FEV 1 and 395 mL (344–447, P&lt;0.0001) lower FVC, and 100 cells/mm 3 lower CD4 nadir was associated with 30 mL (7–52, P&lt;0.01) lower FEV 1 and 51 mL (24–78, P&lt;0.001) lower FVC. Conclusion HIV is a risk factor for concurrently decreased FEV 1 and FVC. This excess risk is not explained by smoking or socioeconomic status and may be mediated by prior immunodeficiency. Trial registration number NCT02382822.
Different clinical feature among asthmatics according to airway microbiome clusters
Authors: Young-Chan Kim, Boram Bae, Sungmi Choi, Kyoung-Hee Sohn, Hye Jung Park, Min-Gyu Kang, Min-Suk Yang, Jae-Woo Jung, Sang Min Lee, Sae-Hoon Kim, Sang-Heon Cho, Hana Yi, Hye-Ryun Kang
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Integrated lipid clinics for adults and children with familial hypercholesterolaemia
Authors: Emily L Garrett, Rahul Chodhari
Journal: BMJ (2018)

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence has updated its guidance to say that people at risk of familial hypercholesterolaemia should have a DNA test.1 This condition is common with preventable but life threatening complications. It is underdiagnosed and undertreated, so a national …
Staphylococcus Aureus -Culture Positivity Observed In Adults With Atopic Dermatitis Is Most Indicative Of An Increased Absolute and Relative Abundance Of S. Aureus and Not Reduced Biodiversity
Authors: Takeshi Yoshida, Alex Grier, Ann Gill, Anthony Corbett, Mike P. Cahill, Alexandre Lockhart, Eric L. Simpson, Mark Boguniewicz, Jon M. Hanifin, Anna De Benedetto, Gloria L. David, Donald Y.M. Leung, Patrick M. Schlievert, Steven R. Gill, Lisa A. Beck
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
The WHO 2016 verbal autopsy instrument: An international standard suitable for automated analysis by InterVA, InSilicoVA, and Tariff 2.0
Authors: Erin K. Nichols, Peter Byass, Daniel Chandramohan, Samuel J. Clark, Abraham D. Flaxman, Robert Jakob, Jordana Leitao, Nicolas Maire, Chalapati Rao, Ian Riley, Philip W. Setel
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2018)

Verbal autopsy (VA) is a practical method for determining probable causes of death at the population level in places where systems for medical certification of cause of death are weak. VA methods suitable for use in routine settings, such as civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) systems, have developed rapidly in the last decade. These developments have been part of a growing global momentum to strengthen CRVS systems in low-income countries. With this momentum have come pressure for continued research and development of VA methods and the need for a single standard VA instrument on which multiple automated diagnostic methods can be developed.In 2016, partners harmonized a WHO VA standard instrument that fully incorporates the indicators necessary to run currently available automated diagnostic algorithms. The WHO 2016 VA instrument, together with validated approaches to analyzing VA data, offers countries solutions to improving information about patterns of cause-specific mortality. This VA instrument offers the opportunity to harmonize the automated diagnostic algorithms in the future.Despite all improvements in design and technology, VA is only recommended where medical certification of cause of death is not possible. The method can nevertheless provide sufficient information to guide public health priorities in communities in which physician certification of deaths is largely unavailable. The WHO 2016 VA instrument, together with validated approaches to analyzing VA data, offers countries solutions to improving information about patterns of cause-specific mortality.
Pacientes hospitalizados em unidades de isolamento por suspeita de Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo severo (SRAS) durante o surto : a experiencia francesa
Authors: B Issartel, O Lesens, C Chidiac, Y Mouton, D Christmann, D Peyramond
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

Durante o surto de SRAS, seguindo as recommendacoes da Organizacao Mundial da Saude (OMS), foram realizados testes nos numerosos pacientes em Franca e nenhum chegou a desenvolver esta doenca. Em Maio de 2003, no inicio do surto, foi efectuado um estudo retrospectivo para descrivir os pacientes suspeitos de SRAS hospitalizados em Franca, e os comparar com os casos confirmados de SRAS, para avaliar a estrategia de rastreio. Cem-dezessete pacientes foram incluidos no estudo. So 3,4% deles tinham tido um contato estreito com um paciente infectado, mas 73,5% vinham de uma regiao afetada pelo surto. No momento da hospitalizacao, 67,5% presentavam febre e sintomas respiratorios e 49,6% tinham febre e sintomas nao especificos. Os sintomas clinicos significativamente mais frequentes nos pacientes com SRAS sao a febre, mialgias, dispneas e nauseas ou vomitos. Os diagnosticos mais correntes foram febre de origem viral e infeccao do tracto respiratorio. Os sinais clinicos nao permitem de estabelecer uma differenca com um SRAS precoce, confirmando assim a utilidade das definicoes de casos da OMS quanto a decisao de isolamento, para evitar a transmissao da doenca.
A photonumeric scale for the assessment of atrophic facial photodamage
Authors: J. Ayer, A. Ahmed, E. Duncan-Parry, P. Beck, T.W. Griffiths, R.E.B. Watson, C.E.M. Griffiths
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Photonumeric scales have consistently shown superiority over descriptive equivalents. They have the advantage of providing a consistent visual frame of reference by minimizing variability in perception and subjectivity. A photonumeric scale to assess hypertrophic facial photodamage already exists. However, there is currently no objective measure for atrophic facial photodamage. To address this, we have devised a nine-point photonumeric standardized scale.To design, test and validate a photonumeric scale for the assessment of atrophic facial photodamage against a descriptive scale for the same indication.A pool of 393 facial photographs (en face and 45° oblique) from 131 individuals with atrophic facial photodamage was created. Five photographic standards were selected and assigned grades zero through to eight, where zero is no photodamage and eight is severe atrophic photodamage, thus making a nine-point scale. Twenty photographs spanning the entire range of values were selected to test the scale. Testing was performed alongside a descriptive equivalent. A panel of 10 dermatologists, 10 nondermatology clinicians and 14 dermatology scientists marked the two scales; marking was repeated 1 week later.There was a significantly greater agreement between the graders using the photonumeric scale than the descriptive scale (kappa values 0·71 and 0·37 with standardized errors of 0·57 and 0·17, respectively) with no significant difference in repeatability between the two methods (P < 0·05).The study describes a new photonumeric scale for atrophic photodamage. This would be a useful adjunct in both the clinical and research settings.
Kinome Expression Profiling in Multiple Myeloma Identifies New Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Hugues de Boussac, Angelique Bruyer, Nicolas Robert, Anke Maes, Laure Vincent, Anja Seckinger, Guillaume Cartron, Dirk Hose, Elke De Bruyne, Alboukadel Kassambara, Jerome Moreaux
Journal: Blood (2017)
Assistive technologies for pain management in people with amputation: a literature review
Authors: Kamiar Ghoseiri, Mostafa Allami, Mohammad Reza Soroush, Mohammad Yusuf Rastkhadiv
Journal: Military Medical Research (2018)

The prevalence of limb amputation is increasing globally as a devastating experience that can physically and psychologically affect the lifestyle of a person. The residual limb pain and phantom limb pain are common disabling sequelae after amputation surgery. Assistive devices/technologies can be used to relieve pain in people with amputation. The existing assistive devices/technologies for pain management in people with amputation include electrical nerve block devices/technologies, TENS units, elastomeric pumps and catheters, residual limb covers, laser systems, myoelectric prostheses and virtual reality systems, etc. There is a great potential to design, fabricate, and manufacture some portable, wireless, smart, and thin devices/technologies to stimulate the spinal cord or peripheral nerves by electrical, thermal, mechanical, and pharmaceutical stimulus. Although some preliminary efforts have been done, more attention must be paid by researchers, clinicians, designers, engineers, and manufacturers to the post amputation pain and its treatment methods.
Clinical Utility of a STAT3-Regulated miRNA-200 Family Signature with Prognostic Potential in Early Gastric Cancer
Authors: Liang Yu, Di Wu, Hugh Gao, Jesse J. Balic, Anna Tsykin, Tae-Su Han, You Dong Liu, Catherine L. Kennedy, Ji Kun Li, Jie Qi Mao, Patrick Tan, Masanobu Oshima, Gregory J. Goodall, Brendan J. Jenkins
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Purpose: The majority of gastric cancer patients are diagnosed with late-stage disease, for which distinct molecular subtypes have been identified that are potentially amenable to targeted therapies. However, there exists no molecular classification system with prognostic power for early-stage gastric cancer (EGC) because the molecular events promoting gastric cancer initiation remain ill-defined.Experimental Design: miRNA microarrays were performed on gastric tissue from the gp130F/F preclinical EGC mouse model, prior to tumor initiation. Computation prediction algorithms were performed on multiple data sets and independent gastric cancer patient cohorts. Quantitative real-time PCR expression profiling was undertaken in gp130F/F-based mouse strains and human gastric cancer cells genetically engineered for suppressed activation of the oncogenic latent transcription factor STAT3. Human gastric cancer cells with modulated expression of the miR-200 family member miR-429 were also assessed for their proliferative response.Results: Increased expression of miR-200 family members is associated with both tumor initiation in a STAT3-dependent manner in gp130F/F mice and EGC (i.e., stage IA) in patient cohorts. Overexpression of miR-429 also elicited contrasting pro- and antiproliferative responses in human gastric cancer cells depending on their cellular histologic subtype. We also identified a miR-200 family-regulated 15-gene signature that integrates multiple key current indicators of EGC, namely tumor invasion depth, differentiation, histology, and stage, and provides superior predictive power for overall survival compared with each EGC indicator alone.Conclusions: Collectively, our discovery of a STAT3-regulated, miR-200 family-associated gene signature specific for EGC, with predictive power, provides a molecular rationale to classify and stratify EGC patients for endoscopic treatment. Clin Cancer Res; 24(6); 1459-72. ©2018 AACR.
Improving Diagnostic Decisions—Reply
Authors: Adam S. Cifu
Journal: JAMA (2018)

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Respiratory Syncytial Virus Seasonality — United States, 2014–2017
Authors: Erica Billig Rose, Alexandra Wheatley, Gayle Langley, Susan Gerber, Amber Haynes
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young children worldwide (1-3). In the United States, RSV infection results in >57,000 hospitalizations and 2 million outpatient visits each year among children aged <5 years (3). Recent studies have highlighted the importance of RSV in adults as well as children (4). CDC reported RSV seasonality nationally, by U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) regions* and for the state of Florida, using a new statistical method that analyzes polymerase chain reaction (PCR) laboratory detections reported to the National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System (NREVSS) (https://www.cdc.gov/surveillance/nrevss/index.html). Nationally, across three RSV seasons, lasting from the week ending July 5, 2014 through July 1, 2017, the median RSV onset occurred at week 41 (mid-October), and lasted 31 weeks until week 18 (early May). The median national peak occurred at week 5 (early February). Using these new methods, RSV season circulation patterns differed from those reported from previous seasons (5). Health care providers and public health officials use RSV circulation data to guide diagnostic testing and to time the administration of RSV immunoprophylaxis for populations at high risk for severe respiratory illness (6). With several vaccines and other immunoprophlyaxis products in development, estimates of RSV circulation are also important to the design of clinical trials and future vaccine effectiveness studies.
The Relationship Between Education and Health: Reducing Disparities Through a Contextual Approach
Authors: Anna Zajacova, Elizabeth M. Lawrence
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2018)

Adults with higher educational attainment live healthier and longer lives compared with their less educated peers. The disparities are large and widening. We posit that understanding the educational and macrolevel contexts in which this association occurs is key to reducing health disparities and improving population health. In this article, we briefly review and critically assess the current state of research on the relationship between education and health in the United States. We then outline three directions for further research: We extend the conceptualization of education beyond attainment and demonstrate the centrality of the schooling process to health; we highlight the dual role of education as a driver of opportunity but also as a reproducer of inequality; and we explain the central role of specific historical sociopolitical contexts in which the education–health association is embedded. Findings from this research agenda can inform policies and effective interventions to reduce health disparities and improve health for all Americans.
Allogeneic Transplantation for TP53+ AML: Prognostic Factors for Survival
Authors: Stefan O. Ciurea, Rima M. Saliba, Julianne Chen, Gabriela Rondon, Uday Popat, Simrit Parmar, Borge Anderson, Amin M. Alousi, Sairah Ahmed, Qaiser Bashir, Gheath Alatrash, Chitra Hosing, Amanda L. Olson, Rohtesh S. Mehta, Katayoun Rezvani, Elizabeth J Shpall, Issa F. Khouri, Partow Kebriaei, Richard E. Champlin
Journal: Blood (2017)
Sequential therapy with sorafenib and sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: A. Dham, A. Z. Dudek
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

5106 Background: Sunitinib and sorafenib are two small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) that have been shown to have antitumor activity in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the optimal sequence of first- and second-line therapies with sunitinib and sorafenib is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess whether an objective disease response could be identified in patients after receiving sequential treatment with these two agents. Methods: Patients who had progressed or experienced unacceptable toxicity after first-line therapy with either sunitinib or sorafenib and then subsequently received second-line therapy with the other TKI agent were evaluated for their response to sequential treatment using RECIST criteria. Results: Thirty-seven patients were identified (29 male and 8 female) with a median age of 62 years (range 32–75). Twenty-three patients received sorafenib followed by sunitinib (Group A), and 14 patients received sunitinib followed by sorafenib (Group B). According to Memorial Sloan-Kettering prognostic model, 35% of patients in Group A had favorable risk, 52% had intermediate and 13% had poor risk, whereas 50% of patients in Group B had favorable risk, 43% had intermediate and 7% had poor risk. Three patients (13%) in Group A and two (14%) in Group B switched TKI due to toxicity, while all remaining patients switched due to disease progression. For patients in Group A, median duration of stable disease after starting sunitinib was 32 weeks (range 6–37 weeks)(median follow up 266 days); 9% were not evaluable for response to treatment; 34% had disease progression; and four patients (17%) had an objective partial response of 31%, 36%, 27% and 50%, respectively. For patients in Group B, median duration of stable disease after starting sorafenib was 8 weeks (range 4–10 weeks) (median follow up 179 days); 7% were not evaluable for response to treatment; 50% had disease progression; and one patient (7%) had no evidence of disease after tumor resection. The median duration of disease control in Groups A and B was 42 weeks (range: 10–113 wks) and 30.5 weeks (range: 4–56 wks), respectively. Conclusions: While disease control was observed in both sequences, the duration of response was longer in patients receiving sorafenib followed by sunitinib. [Table: see text]