tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 20063: Association of Physical Activity With Cardiovascular Mortality With and Without Smoking: The Strong Heart Study
Authors: Brian M Salata, Zaid Almarzooq, Mary J Roman, Richard B Devereux, Barbara V Howard, Stacey Jolly, Julie Stoner, Shelley A Cole, Parmanand Singh
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction:  Previous studies have established the association between smoking and physical activity (PA) on cardiovascular (CV) mortality risk. However, little is known of this association and the role of inflammation in the American Indian population.   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized that increased PA results in reduced inflammation and CV mortality regardless of smoking status.   Methods:  We assessed the association between PA and smoking status on CV mortality in 4,038 adults (mean age 56±8) without evidence of CV disease in the baseline exam of the SHS (1989-1991), a longitudinal study of American Indians. PA was measured as METS-hours per week; fibrinogen was assessed as a marker of inflammation. Cox proportional hazards regression models and Kaplan Meier analysis were used to assess associations between PA, elevated fibrinogen >300 mg/dL, and CV mortality over 16 years in current smokers, ex-smokers and never-smokers with control for hypertension, diabetes, BMI, LDL, eGFR and age.   Results:  High PA was associated with a lower prevalence of elevated fibrinogen in never-smokers (39.7% vs 62.6%), ex-smokers (35.3% vs 50.6%) and current smokers (36.1% vs 50.3%, all p   Conclusions:  PA was associated with reduced CV mortality in ex-smokers and never-smokers, but not current smokers, among American Indians in the SHS population.
Abstract 21105: The Impact of Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia on Postpartum Rates of Follow-Up With Continuity Providers
Authors: Jennifer Lewey, Lisa Levine, Lin Yang, Peter Groeneveld
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Pregnancy-related hypertension (PRH) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CV) later in life and is associated with chronic hypertension after delivery. The early post-partum period is important for identifying at-risk women who would benefit from CV screening and therapies. The transition from obstetrical to long-term continuity care may not be seamless due to lack of PRH awareness and competing demands for time. We hypothesized that women diagnosed with PRH have low rates of follow-up with outpatient providers within 180 days after delivery. Methods: We used medical claims from a large national insurer from 2005 to 2013 to identify all pregnant women with PRH, as defined by diagnosis codes for gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, or eclampsia. We compared this cohort to two control cohorts: (1) pregnant women with chronic hypertension (CH) without PRH, and (2) pregnant women with neither CH nor PRH. Our primary outcome was any follow-up with outpatient providers within the 180 days following delivery. Results: We identified 495,814 completed pregnancies (see Table). Among the PRH cohort, gestational hypertension was most common (70%), followed by mild (44%) and severe (23%) preeclampsia. Women with PRH and CH had higher rates of coexisting chronic conditions compared to non-hypertensive controls, including diabetes, lipid disorders, and coronary artery disease. Rates of follow-up with primary care or cardiology providers were 26% in PRH cohort, 30% in CH cohort, and 19% in controls. Follow-up was slightly better with OB providers: 35%, 33%, and 32%, respectively. Conclusions: The peripartum period is an important opportunity to identify young women at higher risk for subsequent adverse CV events, yet the majority of women with either CH or PRH did not follow-up within 6 months after delivery. Low rates of outpatient follow-up may result in missed opportunities for CV risk reduction among these women, with subsequent higher CV incidence.
Exploring racial differences in patient centeredness of care (PCC) during breast cancer (BC) chemotherapy clinic visits.
Authors: Tinnikka Angel Robertson-Jones, Margaret Quinn Rosenzweig, Catherine M. Bender, Mary Connolly, Madison Tissue
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

49 Background: Racial disparity in breast cancer survival may be attributed to racial differences in BC treatment dose intensity (dose received/dose prescribed within specific time frame). Poor dose intensity is associated with symptom distress among Black women. Chemotherapy associated symptoms and distress are traditionally assessed by the clinician and reported by the patient during the clinical visit. Poor communication patterns between clinician and patient that do not reflect care that is patient centered may be an important etiology of poor symptom reporting and management influencing BC racial treatment disparity. The purpose of this prospective, comparative pilot study was to qualitatively explore and code for the PCC during the chemotherapy clinical visit of women undergoing BC chemotherapy and compare by race. Methods: Dyads consisting of age-matched Black and White women were recruited. Audio recordings of clinical visits conducted prior to any chemotherapy cycle (except first) infusion were obtained and transcribed. The transcripts were reviewed blindly by two independent coders assigning scores using the Four Habits Coding Scheme, a measure of PCC which includes 23 items coded on five-point scale; lower scores indicate better PCC. Mean scores were tabulated from both coders’ scores and then compared by racial groups using t-test. Results: Matched dyads consisting of 6 Black and 5 White patients undergoing breast cancer chemotherapy were recruited from 1/15/2014 to 12/4/2014 at a 90% recruitment rate. Attrition of one black patient left groups of 5 White (mean age 45) and 5 Black (mean age 47) patients. A total of 15 recordings were analyzed for White and 14 for Black participants. All of the 23 PCC scores were better for White vs. Black women. Black women had worse scores (p &lt; .05) for 6/22 or (27%) of the PCC scores. Conclusions: Qualitatively exploring the PCC during the chemotherapy clinical visits may elucidate reasons for racial disparity in symptom assessment, reporting, management and subsequent distress. These preliminary findings inform future research exploring racial disparity in symptom communication as an etiology of disparity in cancer treatment intensity.
Effects of weight loss interventions for adults who are obese on mortality, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chenhan Ma, Alison Avenell, Mark Bolland, Jemma Hudson, Fiona Stewart, Clare Robertson, Pawana Sharma, Cynthia Fraser, Graeme MacLennan
Journal: BMJ (2017)

To assess whether weight loss interventions for adults with obesity affect all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and body weight.
Abstract 12012: Dysregulated Adenosine Methylation of RNA in Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: Prabhu Mathiyalagan, Adriano Martins, Yaxuan Liang, Jiqiu Chen, Erik Kohlbrenner, Djamel Lebeche, Maria G Trivieri, Kiyotake Ishikawa, Kenneth Fish, Roger J Hajjar, Susmita Sahoo
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Emerging evidence suggests that post-transcriptional modifications of mRNAs are vital to their stability, nuclear export, cellular compartmentalization, translation to proteins, degradation and stem cell pluripotency. However, such mechanisms remain unexplored in mature post-mitotic tissues such as the mammalian myocardium, especially under its pathophysiological remodeling. Here, we investigated the role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent chemical modification in RNA, in myocardial ischemia. Methods and Results: We studied post-mortem human tissues, murine and swine models of myocardial ischemia and demonstrated for the first time that m6A methylation of mRNA in the ischemic left ventricle (LV) is significantly increased when compared with non-ischemic LV. We found that increase in m6A methylation is conserved in human, pig and mice and have global effect in post-ischemic cardiac remodeling, affecting mRNA, miRNA and protein expressions, and myocyte function. We identified that the expression of m6A demethylase, fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) is decreased in post-ischemic human and mouse myocardium. Using loss-of-function gain-of-function studies in isolated primary adult rat cardiomyocytes, we identified FTO as a direct regulator of m6A methylation, SERCA2a expression and cardiomyocyte function including Ca 2+ transient, decay and sarcomere shortening. Remarkably, in primary cardiomyocytes under hypoxia stress, FTO expression was down regulated resulting in increase in mRNA methylation, decrease in SERCA2a expression and compromised cardiomyocyte function, all of which was restored by adenovirus-mediated overexpression of FTO under hypoxia. Finally, using methylated RNA pull-down assay of RNA from human ischemic and control LV tissues, we have demonstrated that SERCA mRNA is hypermethylated under ischemia and that SERCA demethylation by FTO is essential for SERCA mRNA expression and protein synthesis. Conclusions: We have discovered a novel pathomechanism by which FTO, a RNA demethylase, plays a critical role in cardiac homeostasis and cardiomyocyte function under ischemia. Our discovery opens up a new paradigm for our understanding of post-ischemic cardiac remodeling.
Potential Usefulness and Clinical Relevance of Adding Left Atrial Strain to Left Atrial Volume Index in the Detection of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction
Authors: Daniel A Morris, Evgeny Belyavskiy, Radhakrishnan Aravind-Kumar, Martin Kropf, Athanasios Frydas, Kerstin Braunauer, Esteban Marquez, Maximilian Krisper, Ruhdja Lindhorst, Engin Osmanoglou, Leif-Hendrik Boldt, Florian Blaschke, Wilhelm Haverkamp, Carsten Tschöpe, Frank Edelmann, Burkert Pieske, Elisabeth Pieske-Kraigher
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2017)
Parameters of iron metabolism in a model of breast cancer progression
Authors: Zandra Keiwon Pinnix, Joan L. Buss, John Wilkinson, Frank M. Torti, Suzy V. Torti
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

4703   Iron is an essential element for all living organisms. However, although it is required for a number of cellular functions, iron has the potential to be toxic to cells when present in excess, since it can catalyze the formation of oxygen free radicals via the Fenton reaction. Changes in proteins of iron metabolism have been documented in breast cancer. Thus, previous studies have shown that transferrin receptor is present in breast tumor cells in high numbers (1). It has also been reported that malignant tissue has six times the ferritin concentration as benign tissue (1, 2). However, the relationship between changes in iron metabolism and breast cancer progression is not understood. The aim of this study was to systematically investigate changes in expression of proteins of iron metabolism in a model of breast cancer progression. For these studies, we used breast epithelial cells containing genes that render them immortalized and/or fully transformed (h-TERT, SV40 Large T antigen, and H-Ras) (1,2). Expression of iron transporters, iron exporters, and iron storage proteins was determined by western blot analysis. Labile iron pool levels in cells were determined using a fluorescence spectroscopic method utilizing calcein, a fluorescent iron chelator as an indicator of intracellular iron concentration. Western blot analyses demonstrate upregulation of DMT-1, Ferroportin, DCYTB, and Ferritin-H in H-rasV12 transformed cells. We also observed upregulation of NGAL and Transferrin Receptor-1 in HME, h-TERT and SV-40 transformed cells. Measurements of the labile iron pool demonstrated an increase in HME cells expressing high-level H-rasV12 compared to the other HME cells. This model of breast cancer progression may enhance understanding the changes in iron metabolism that accompany malignant change. [Supported by: DK042412]
Support mounts for paediatrician whom GMC wants struck off
Authors: Deborah Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2017)

The UK General Medical Council risks acting like an “erudite and urbane kangaroo court” if it proceeds with its bid in the High Court to erase a trainee paediatrician from the UK medical register, Nick Ross, a director of Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and a champion of an openness culture in the NHS, has told The BMJ .

Ross is one of thousands of supporters of a campaign backing Hadiza Bawa-Garba, the doctor convicted of gross negligence manslaughter in 2015 after the death of a 6 year old boy from sepsis.1

Bawa-Garba was not struck off the medical register by a medical practitioners tribunal last June,2 despite calls from the GMC. The tribunal found that the doctor’s …
Re: Giovanni Corona, Giulia Rastrelli, Abraham Morgentaler, Alessandra Sforza, Edoardo Mannucci, Mario Maggi. Meta-analysis of Results of Testosterone Therapy on Sexual Function Based on International Index of Erectile Function Scores. Eur Urol 2017;72:1000–11
Authors: Eugenio Ventimiglia, Paolo Capogrosso, Walter Cazzaniga, Francesco Montorsi, Andrea Salonia
Journal: European Urology (2017)
Role of Patient Coping Strategies in Understanding the Effects of Early Palliative Care on Quality of Life and Mood
Authors: Joseph A. Greer, Jamie M. Jacobs, Areej El-Jawahri, Ryan D. Nipp, Emily R. Gallagher, William F. Pirl, Elyse R. Park, Alona Muzikansky, Juliet C. Jacobsen, Vicki A. Jackson, Jennifer S. Temel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Purpose The early integration of oncology and palliative care (EIPC) improves quality of life (QOL) and mood for patients with advanced cancer. However, the mechanisms by which EIPC benefits these outcomes remain unclear. We therefore examined whether EIPC improved patients’ coping strategies and if changes in coping accounted for intervention effects on QOL and depressive symptoms. Patients and Methods For this secondary analysis of an EIPC trial, we examined data from 350 patients with newly diagnosed incurable lung or GI cancer. Participants completed assessments of QOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–General), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire–9), and coping (Brief COPE) at baseline and 24 weeks. We used linear regression to test intervention effects on use of coping strategies and mediation regression models with bias-corrected bootstrapping to examine whether improvements in coping mediated the effects of early palliative care on patient-reported outcomes. Results Compared with usual oncology care, EIPC significantly increased patient use of approach-oriented coping strategies ( B = 1.09; SE = 0.44; P = .01) and slightly reduced use of avoidant strategies ( B = −0.44; SE = 0.23; P = .06) from baseline to 24 weeks. Also, the increased use of approach-oriented coping and reduction in avoidant coping were associated with higher QOL and lower depressive symptoms at 24 weeks. The positive changes in approach-oriented coping, but not avoidant coping, significantly mediated the effects of EIPC on QOL (indirect effect, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.33 to 2.86) and depressive symptoms (indirect effect, −0.39; 95% CI, −0.87 to −0.08). Conclusion Patients with incurable cancer who received EIPC showed increased use of approach-oriented coping, which was associated with higher QOL and reduced depressive symptoms. Palliative care may improve these outcomes by providing patients with the skills to cope effectively with life-threatening illness.
Non-antibiotic options for recurrent urinary tract infections in women
Authors: Jonathan Barclay, Rajan Veeratterapillay, Chris Harding
Journal: BMJ (2017)

#### What you need to know

Recurrent urinary tract infection in women is a common problem. There is no universally accepted definition, but most clinicians would classify recurrent UTI as being two episodes of infection in six months, or three episodes in one year.1 The annual incidence of a single UTI is 30 per 1000 women,2 with 44% experiencing recurrence within 12 months.3

#### When to investigate further

Most women presenting with recurrent UTI have uncomplicated infections (defined as no structural or functional urinary tract abnormalities).1 Current international guidelines do not recommend routine investigations of women with recurrent UTI because of their low diagnostic yield.1 Symptoms such as persistent loin pain, haematuria, or the presence of atypical infection would necessitate referral to secondary care, where further tests (renal tract ultrasound/computed tomography, flexible cystoscopy, and urine flow studies/post-void urine estimation) can be carried out.

Guidelines from the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network4 and the European Association of Urology1 recommend the use of low dose prophylactic antibiotics for preventive treatment of recurrent UTI. The largest systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of prophylactic antibiotics on recurrence rates includes 19 randomised controlled trials with data from 1120 women5 and reports an 85% reduction in the incidence of symptomatic UTI compared with placebo (relative risk 0.15, 95% confidence interval 0.08 to 0.28). This review examined data from …
Abstract 19717: Body Mass Index and Outcomes of Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: Mohamed Bassiouny, Alejandra Gutierre, Ayman Hussein, Amr Barakat, John Rickard, JoEllyn Abraham, Thomas Callahan, Patrick Tchou, David Martin, Bruce Wilkoff, Niraj Varma, Thomas Dresing, Mohamed Kanj, Walid Saliba, Bruce Lindsay, Oussama Wazni
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Efficacy of pulmonary vein isolation in patients with obesity is controversial. Recent data suggest better outcomes in patients who undergo weight management. Hypothesis: Pulmonary ve...
Preclinical study of olmutinib (HM61713) with optimal dosing in ectopic and metastatic mouse model of EGFR-mutant (T790M-positive) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: H.J. Lee, H. Yu, Y. Ha, J -Y Byun, J. Oh, T. Song, S. Hong, E.Y. Kim, S -Y Jang, G.Y. Kim, Y.H. Kim, K.H. Suh, S.C. Kwon, S -J Kim
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Developing a Clinically Relevant Tissue Engineered Heart Valve—A Review of Current Approaches
Authors: Aline L. Y. Nachlas, Siyi Li, Michael E. Davis
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Abstract Tissue engineered heart valves (TEHVs) have the potential to address the shortcomings of current implants through the combination of cells and bioactive biomaterials that promote growth and proper mechanical function in physiological conditions. The ideal TEHV should be anti‐thrombogenic, biocompatible, durable, and resistant to calcification, and should exhibit a physiological hemodynamic profile. In addition, TEHVs may possess the capability to integrate and grow with somatic growth, eliminating the need for multiple surgeries children must undergo. Thus, this review assesses clinically available heart valve prostheses, outlines the design criteria for developing a heart valve, and evaluates three types of biomaterials (decellularized, natural, and synthetic) for tissue engineering heart valves. While significant progress has been made in biomaterials and fabrication techniques, a viable tissue engineered heart valve has yet to be translated into a clinical product. Thus, current strategies and future perspectives are also discussed to facilitate the development of new approaches and considerations for heart valve tissue engineering.
Evaluation of Polycythemia
Authors: Mia Djulbegovic, Lydia S. Dugdale, Alfred Ian Lee
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Doenças raras merecem atenção
Authors: S Salmaso
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1999)

Em Agosto, o Eurosurveillance publicou os relatorios de dois surtos de triquinelose detectados em 1998, em Franca e Italia, relacionados com carne de cavalo importada da Jugoslavia. Este numero, normalmente dedicado ao botulismo, inclui o relatorio de um terceiro surto. Os relatorios de ambas as doencas demonstram o potencial dos alimentos como um veiculo para a disseminacao de doencas raras, mas graves. No caso do botulismo, os alimentos de fabrico caseiro tradicionais e os alimentos sujeitos a processamento em fabrica, incluindo a utilizacao de novas tecnologias(como o encerramento de embalagens em vacuo), podem fornecer as condicoes anaerobias necessarias para que o Clostridium botulinum produza as suas toxinas.
Para uma optimização da vigilância da resistência aos fármacos anti-tuberculose na Europa
Authors: M. C. Raviglione, M A Espinal
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2000)

Na ultima decada, o reforco da vigilância da tuberculose (TB) tornou-se uma prioridade de saude publica na Europa. Na Europa Ocidental, o declinio anterior das taxas de incidencia de TB abrandou, mas na Europa de Leste, registaram-se aumentos dramaticos, muitas vezes com duplicacao das taxas (1). Esta situacao levou os epidemiologistas e os peritos de saude publica a reconsiderar a forma de monitorizacao da evolucao da epidemia. Cedo se tornou evidente que nao existia um padrao de vigilância claro. As definicoes e os sistemas de informacao apresentavam uma grande diferenca entre paises, dificultando, assim, as comparacoes internacionais a nivel regional.