tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Three-Dimensional Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging: First-In-Human Pilot Study in Patients with Liver Metastases
Authors: Ahmed El Kaffas, Rosa Maria Silveira Sigrist, George Fisher, Sunitha Bachawal, Joy Liau, Huaijun Wang, Alexander Karanany, Isabelle Durot, Jarrett Rosenberg, Dimitre Hristov, Jürgen K. Willmann
Journal: Theranostics (2017)

Purpose: To perform a clinical assessment of quantitative three-dimensional (3D) dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) feasibility and repeatability in patients with liver metastasis, and to evaluate the extent of quantitative perfusion parameter sampling errors in 2D compared to 3D DCE-US imaging.Materials and Methods: Twenty consecutive 3D DCE-US scans of liver metastases were performed in 11 patients (45% women; mean age, 54.5 years; range, 48-60 years; 55% men; mean age, 57.6 years; range, 47-68 years).Pairs of repeated disruption-replenishment and bolus DCE-US images were acquired to determine repeatability of parameters.Disruption-replenishment was carried out by infusing 0.9 mL of microbubbles (Definity; Latheus Medical Imaging) diluted in 35.1 mL of saline over 8 min.Bolus consisted of intravenous injection of 0.2 mL microbubbles.Volumes-of-interest (VOI) and regions-or-interest (ROI) were segmented by two different readers in images to extract 3D and 2D perfusion parameters, respectively.Disruptionreplenishment parameters were: relative blood volume (rBV), relative blood flow (rBF).Bolus parameters included: time-to-peak (TP), peak enhancement (PE), area-under-the-curve (AUC), and mean-transit-time (MTT).Results: Clinical feasibility and repeatability of 3D DCE-US using both the destructionreplenishment and bolus technique was demonstrated.The repeatability of 3D measurements between pairs of repeated acquisitions was assessed with the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), and found to be excellent for all parameters (CCC > 0.80), except for the TP (0.74) and MTT (0.30) parameters.The CCC between readers was found to be excellent (CCC > 0.80) for all parameters except for TP (0.71) and MTT (0.52).There was a large Coefficient of Variation (COV) in intra-tumor measurements for 2D parameters (0.18-0.52).Same-tumor measurements made in 3D were significantly different (P = 0.001) than measurements made in 2D; a percent difference of up to 86% was observed between measurements made in 2D compared to 3D in the same tumor.Conclusions: 3D DCE-US imaging of liver metastases with a matrix array transducer is feasible and repeatable in the clinic.Results support 3D instead of 2D DCE US imaging to minimize sampling errors due to tumor heterogeneity.
HIV‐1:新規の解析法により明らかにされた,静止期CD4+T細胞中の誘導性で複製能を持つHIV‐1の大きなリザーバー
Authors: Sanyal Anwesha, Mailliard Robbie B, Rinaldo Charles R, Ratner Deena, Ding Ming, Chen Yue, Venkatachari Narasimhan J, Gupta Phalguni, Zerbato Jennifer M, Giacobbi Nicholas S, Sluis‐Cremer Nicolas, Patterson Bruce K, Chargin Amanda
Journal: Nature Medicine (2017)
FRI0378 Cardiac involvement in undifferentiated connective tissue disease at risk for systemic sclerosis. a tissue doppler imaging study
Authors: A Riccardi, M D'Alto, P Argiento, E Romeo, I Di Stefano, S Fasano, A Mattera Iacono, A D'Andrea, A Sanduzzi, M Bocchino, L Docimo, S Tolone, MG Russo, G Valentini
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Undifferentiated connective tissue disease at risk for Systemic Sclerosis (UCTD-risk-SSc), previously referred to as very early SSc, is a condition characterized by Raynaud9s phenomenon (RP) with SSc marker autoantibodies and/or typical capillaroscopic findings and unsatisfying classification criteria for the disease (1). UCTD-risk- SSc patients have been reported to present, in about 40% of the cases, a preclinical vascular internal organ disease as detected by a diffusing lung capacity for CO &lt;80% of the predicted value (lung involvement) and/or a low esophageal sphincter pressure &lt;15 mmHg (oesophageal involvement) and/or a mitral E/A ratio &lt;1 (heart involvement) (2, 3). <h3>Objectives</h3> Aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of right (RV) or left ventricle (LV) systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction by standard echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). <h3>Methods</h3> Thirty patients with UCTD-risk-SSc (28 female, aged 47±13 years, range 21–70) and 30 age- and sex-matched controls underwent cardiac assessment by standard echocardiography and TDI. <h3>Results</h3> UCTD-risk-SSc patients and controls did not show any difference at standard echocardiographic evaluation. In particular, an inverted E/A ratio was pointed out in 10/30 patients and 7/30 controls (p=ns). TDI showed a mild impairment of LV and RV diastolic (E<sub>m</sub>15±4 vs 19±5, p&lt;0.0001;E/E<sub>m</sub> 6.1±1.7 vs 4.8±1.2, p=0.001; E<sub>t</sub> 14±3 vs 16±2, p=0.02; E<sub>t</sub>/A<sub>t</sub>0.9±0.4 vs 1.3±0.3, p&lt;0.002; increased pulmonary artery wedge pressure 9±2 vs 8±1, p=0.001)and systolic function (S<sub>m</sub> 13±3 vs 15±2 cm/sec, p&lt;0.0003; S<sub>t</sub> 14±2 vs 16±3 cm/sec, p&lt;0.0001) in UCTD- risk-SSc patients in comparison to controls. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our study shows that UCTD-risk-SSc patients present a previously unrecognized, mild biventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction as compared to controls. The pathophysiologic meaning (i.e.intramyocardial artery disease and/or patchy fibrosis) as well the predictive value of developing overt SScin the short time await to be elucidated. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Sixty seconds on . . . upselling
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

It’s a technique used by food and drink retailers to persuade people to spend a little bit more money to increase their portion size. For example, your cashier might ask whether you want to spend just 30 p more to get a large rather than a regular size fast food meal.

A report from the Royal Society for Public Health and (cough) the weight …
THU0115 Disability (HAQ) and quality of life (SF-12) as related to adherence and health literacy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: JG Kuipers, M Koller, F Zeman, K Mueller, JU Rueffer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Disabilities in daily living and quality of life are key endpoints to evaluate the outcome of treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Among factors that may contribute to good outcome are adherence (i.e., the extent to which patients9 behaviors corresponds with agreed recommendations from their doctor) and health literacy (patients9 understanding and use of health information). <h3>Objectives</h3> The survey included a representative, nationwide sample of German physicians specialized in RA and patients with RA. The physician questionnaire included the disease activity score (DAS28) and medical prescriptions. The patient questionnaire included fatigue (EORTC QLQ-FA13), health assessment questionnaire (HAQ), quality of life (SF-12), health education literacy (HELP), and patients9 listings of their medications. <h3>Methods</h3> Adherence was operationalized in various ways: patient-reported (CQR5), behavioral (correspondence between physicians and patients listings of medications), physician-assessed (five-point rating scale ranging from 1=very adherent to 5=not at all adherent) and a combined measure of physician rating (1= very adherent, 0 = less adherent) and the match between physicians9 prescriptions and patients9 accounts of their medications (1 = perfect match, 0 = no perfect match), leading to three categories of adherence: high, medium and low. Linear regressions were calculated using HAQ and SF-12 (physical and psychological) as dependent variables and adherence, health literacy and the set of demographic and clinical variables as predictor variables. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 708 pairs of patient and physician questionnaires were analyzed. The mean age of the patients, of whom 73% were women, was 60 years (SD=12). Multiple regression analyses show, that health literacy is an independent predictor for HAQ and both SF-12 scales. Adherence by doctor is an independent predictor for both SF-12 scales while the adherence composite score is an independent predictor for HAQ and SF-12 psychological. Taking all 4 rheumatoid medications as prescribed is an independent predictor for HAQ and SF-12 physical. All models are additionally controlled for age, sex, smoking (y/n), drinking alcohol (y/n), sport (y/n). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study showed that HAQ and SF-12 were related to adherence and health literacy. This finding highlights the importance of patient education and counseling in order to increase both, medical understanding and adherence to therapy. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> The TRACE-Study was sponsored by an unrestricted grant from Chugai. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
10 years since TORCH: shining a new light on the risks of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD
Authors: James D. Chalmers, Holly R. Keir
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

10 years ago, in February 2007, the Towards a Revolution in COPD Health (TORCH) study was published in the New England Journal of Medicine [1]. While the objective of the study was to demonstrate a survival benefit of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in combination with long-acting beta-agonists (LABA) compared to placebo in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), arguably the most lasting impact of the study on the field of COPD has been a progressive re-evaluation of the safety of ICS [1]. New research identifies an increased risk of NTM infection in inhaled steroid users <http://ow.ly/Sk8130ej5Oa>
AB0352 Risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis females comorbid with hypertension
Authors: O Kuryta, T Lusynets, O Sirenko
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) associates with accelerated atherosclerosis and high cardiovascular mortality. Cardiovascular risk management in RA comorbid with HT pts is do not fully reflected by traditional risk scales, thus additional factors searching is required. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aimed to estimate the subclinical manifestations of atherosclerosis in RA females comorbid with HT and its relationship with traditional, additional risk factors. <h3>Methods</h3> The study included 112 <i>RA</i> females with comorbid <i>HT</i> (mean age of 54 [50,3; 61,5] years) and 105 <i>RA</i> females without <i>HT</i> (control group). All pts received stable therapy of RA more than 6 months. Pts with coronary artery disease were excluded. The risk of fatal cardiovascular disease was calculated using m SCORE (EULAR 2010). RA disese activity was measured using DAS28 scale. Carotid ultrasound with stiffness indexes detection and endothelial-dependent flow mediated vasodilatation (EDVD) by Celermajer method were performed. The levels of adiponectin, insulin were measured using ELISA kit test, insulin resistance was estimated using HOMA2 index. <h3>Results</h3> Subclinical manifestations of atherosclerosis were established in 88 (78.6%) RA females with HT and 55 (52,4%) control group pts. The majority of main group pts have atherosclerotic plaques - 62 (55.4%), unstable plaques had 26 (23.2%) pts. While only 33 (29,5%) patients were high and very high cardiovascular risk assessed by mSCORE. In compare, 35 (33,3%) control group pts have atherosclerotic plaques, unstable plaques had only 14 (13.3%) control pts (p&lt;0.05). The presence of atherosclerotic plaques in RA females with HT was associated with age, RA disease activity, endothelial dysfunction, carotid stiffness, LDL cholesterol level, insulin resistance, adiponectin level, duration of steroid therapy. AUROC index for adiponectin and HOMA2 were 0.83 (95% CI 0.74–0.95; p&lt;0.05 and 0.75 (95% CI 0.68–0.91; p&lt;0.05 respectively, that indicate a good quality of diagnostic models. <h3>Conclusions</h3> RA females with comorbid HT are characterized by higher frequency of subclinical atherosclerosis with unstable atherosclerotic plaques in compare with controls. Endothelial function, insulin resistance, adiponectin level, carotid stiffness determining may be useful additional tools for cardiovascular risk evaluating in this pts. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Amount of smoking, duration of smoking cessation and their interaction with silica exposure in the risk of rheumatoid arthritis among males: results from the Swedish Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis (EIRA) study
Authors: Pingling Zeng, Zuomei Chen, Lars Klareskog, Lars Alfredsson, Camilla Bengtsson, Xia Jiang
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

Cigarette smoking is a well-established environmental risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA),1–3 particularly anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-positive RA.2 We previously observed an association between silica exposure and increased risk of seropositive RA.4 5 While the additive interaction between silica exposure and smoking has been demonstrated,5 considerably less is known regarding the dose of smoking required to elicit this effect. In this study, we extend our previous findings on smoking and silica exposure by investigating the additive interaction between silica exposure and dose of smoking as well as between silica exposure and duration of smoking cessation, with regard to the risk of developing ACPA-positive RA.

Our study is based on the Swedish Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis project,3 an ongoing population-based study comprising incident cases (American College of Rheumatology 1987 or 20106 7 criteria) and controls aged ≥18 years living in Sweden between 1996 and 2014. Information …
OP0097 Systemic ifn type i and type ii signatures in primary sjÖgren's syndrome reveal differences in disease severity
Authors: I Bodewes, S Al-Ali, CG van Helden, NI Maria, J Tarn, D Lendrem, MW Schreurs, EC Steenwijk, PLA van Daele, T Both, S Bowman, B Griffiths, W-F Ng, MA Versnel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Local and systemic activation of interferons (IFNs) has been demonstrated in primary Sjögren9s syndrome (pSS).[1–4] Type I IFNs are associated with higher disease activity and autoantibody levels.[5] Recent findings also show activation of interferon type II (IFNγ) induced gene expression in salivary glands of pSS patients.[6, 7] Although IFN type I and II bind to different receptors they induce partially overlapping gene expression patterns. Understanding the relative contribution of IFN type I and type II may deepen our knowledge in pSS pathogenesis and promote a stratified approach to therapeutic development. <h3>Objectives</h3> Determine IFN type I and II inducible gene expression in patients with pSS and correlate this to disease manifestations. <h3>Methods</h3> In whole blood of 50 pSS patients modular IFN scores were determined using real-time quantitative PCR followed by principal component analysis. Subsequently, five indicator genes per module were analysed in two independent European cohorts with a total of 141 patients. <h3>Results</h3> Three groups were distinguished: without IFN activation (19–47%), with IFN type I (53–81%) and with IFN type I+II activation (35–55%). Patients with IFN activation (I or I+II) have a higher presence of auto-antibodies, IgG levels and lower lymphocyte counts compared to IFN negative patients. The biological domain of the EULAR Sjögren9s Syndrome Disease Activity Index (biological-ESSDAI) was higher in patients with IFN activation, while total-ESSDAI scores were not significantly different. 66–67% of the IFN type I positive patients had an additional IFN type II inducible gene expression. Patients with IFN type I+II activation have significantly higher IgG levels and lower lymphocyte counts compared to patients with only IFN type I activation. There were no differences in fatigue or dryness, but pain scores were lower. <h3>Conclusions</h3> pSS patients can be stratified according to their systemic IFN activation patterns. IFN activation (I or I+II) is present in patients with the highest activity of the biological-ESSDAI. These data raise the possibility that the biological-ESSDAI rather than total-ESSDAI score may be a more sensitive endpoint for trials targeting either type I or type II IFN pathways. <h3>References</h3> Wildenberg, et al. EJI. 2008; 38(7):2024–2033. Gottenberg, et al. PNAS. 2006; 103(8):2770–2775. Hjelmervik, et al. A&amp;R. 2005; 52(5):1534–1544. Emamian, et al. Genes Immun. 2009; 10(4):285–296. Brkic, et al. ARD. 2013; 72(5):728–735. Hall, et al. PNAS. 2013; 72(5):728–735. Hall, et al. A&amp;R. 2012; 109(43):17609–17614. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
THU0163 The association between inflammatory joint disorders and coronary heart disease: nationwide register study in 50 444 patients
Authors: P Muilu, V Rantalaiho, H Kautiainen, L Virta, K Puolakka
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Inflammatory joint disorders (IJD) are associated with cardiovascular (CV) problems, including coronary heart disease (CHD). This association is best known for rheumatoid arthritis (RA); but also for ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). However, these findings are mainly based on materials from an era of less active treatment of the IJD9s and thus progress in this theory may have happened. Further, many cases fail to fulfil any classification criteria. We found no published data on CV risk in unspecified arthritis (UA). <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the association between the five most common IJDs and CHD based on a nationwide large register data in Finland during 2000–14. <h3>Methods</h3> From the register maintained by the Social Insurance Institution (SII), we collected data on all Finnish patients granted a new special reimbursement (SR) on medications for the following IJDs during 2000–14: seropositive RA (ICD10 code M05), seronegative RA (M06), UA (M13), spondyloarthritis (SpA) (M45–46), and PsA (L40). For these patients, Population Register Centre matched three controls, standardized for age, sex, and place of residence. The index date was determined to be the date when the SR for IJD came effective. From the case and control groups we analysed the frequency of individuals that had SR also for CHD (ICD10 codes I20–25) at the index date, or to whom it was granted by SII during the observation period. <h3>Results</h3> Altogether 201 776 individuals (50 444 cases and 151 332 controls) were identified. The frequencies of the individuals having CHD by the index date and the incidences of CHD during follow-up are presented in table 1. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Compared to general population, CHD was overrepresented at RA diagnosis, especially in seropositive men and seronegative women, while other patients had comparable rates of CHD with the population. After the index day, the incidence of CHD was increased in all patient groups except for men with seronegative RA and women with seropositive RA or SpA. Thus, the CV risk associated to IJDs remains in this millennium, and also pertains to UA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Developing a protocol to identify and prioritize research questions for psoriasis: a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership
Authors: R. Majeed-Ariss, M. McPhee, C. Bundy, C.E.M. Griffiths, H. Young
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

Psoriasis affects over two million people in the U.K. It has a significant psychological and social impact on individuals and an associated high economic cost to the U.K. National Health Service. There are many unanswered questions about psoriasis.To develop a protocol in order to work with patients, families, carers and healthcare professionals to identify psoriasis uncertainties; to agree by consensus a top-10 list of psoriasis uncertainties; and to disseminate prioritized unanswered questions to researchers and funders so as to promote work that will focus on answering the uncertainties considered most important by stakeholders.A Psoriasis Priority Setting Partnership has been established to gather psoriasis uncertainties following the transparent methodology advocated by the James Lind Alliance. A steering group composed of stakeholders has disseminated an initial survey to patients, families, carers and healthcare professionals to collect information on important psoriasis questions. After removing duplications, uncertainties will be collated and checked against existing evidence to determine whether any have already been resolved. 'True uncertainties' will be circulated to stakeholders in a second survey where they will be ranked by importance. At a final workshop, information will be distilled to generate a top-10 list of uncertainties.By following the protocol outlined in this paper a prioritized list of uncertainties will be identified that will be used to inform the psoriasis research agenda.Research targeted to address priorities identified by a range of stakeholders is imperative. This project will inform policy makers and research funding bodies about what really matters to these groups.
AB0837 Bone metabolism and osteoporosis risk factors analysis in spinal cord injury patients at twelve months follow up
Authors: I Martínez Cordellat, F Torralba Collados, C Grao Castellote, E García Grau, V Fornes Ferrer, E Sánchez Labrador, K Arévalo Ruales, J Fragio Gil, R Mazarío González, C Alcañiz Escandell, I Chalmeta Verdejo, C Feced Olmos, L González Puig, J Cortés Ivorra, R Negueroles Albuixec, JE Rodríguez Oller, F Sanjuán Ortiz, E Bernabeu Vicens, C Nájera Herranz, I Cánovas Olmos, JA Román Ivorra
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> The spinal cord injury associated with the immobilization of the patient leads to a decrease in bone mass. The bone loss greater is observed in the 6 months after the spinal cord injury, and stabilizing between 12–16 months after the same. The incidence of fractures oscillates between 1.5% and 6%. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess bone metabolism and bone fracture incidence in SPI patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Prospective study of SPI patients from the Spinal Cord Injury Unit of La Fe Hospital. In all cases densitometry, x-ray image, bone metabolism biomarkers and clinical evaluation have been performed according protocol. Statistical techniques was carried out using R software 3.2.3, using mixed linear regression models. <h3>Results</h3> We studied 40 patients with SCI, 54% of them men and 46% women, with a mean age of 59.5 years (57.3- 63.5). The 58% of patients showed thoracic injuries, 48.6% paraparesis and 46.7% presented level C in Asia scale. The baseline study was performed in 100% of patients (n=40), 65% in month 6 (n=26), 30% in month 12 (n=12), and in 22.5% in month 18 (n=9). The 32.4% of patients received supplementation with calcium and vitamin D at month 0, 66.7% at month 6 and 100% at month 12. In month 6, the 11.1% was treated with antiresorptive drugs. An increase in vitamin D values can be observed in the population with follow-up (values of 16.82 in month 0 to 39.33 in month 12), justified by the supplementation, and there is an increase in Calcium and a decrease in phosphorum values. There was also a decrease in PTH levels in month 12 (32.3) compared to month 0 (34.08), as well as a decrease in bctx levels. Probably related to the increase of vitamin D. Despite a decrease in the densitometric parameters at month 6, a slight recovery in bone mineral density at month 12 was observed. No bone fractures were seen during Follow-up in none of the patients. Results from biochemical markers and densitometry are showed in the table <h3>Conclusions</h3> A high percentage of our patients with spinal cord injury has a vitamin D deficiency. In addition, the lower levels are associated with cases where the mobility limitation is higher. As patients increase vitamin D values, a decrease in the bctx and PTH parameters is observed. No fractures were detected during follow-up. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared