tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Delayed Coronary Obstruction After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Richard J. Jabbour, Akihito Tanaka, Ariel Finkelstein, Michael Mack, Corrado Tamburino, Nicolas Van Mieghem, Ole de Backer, Luca Testa, Pamela Gatto, Paola Purita, Zouhair Rahhab, Verena Veulemans, Anja Stundl, Marco Barbanti, Roberto Nerla, Jan Malte Sinning, Danny Dvir, Giuseppe Tarantini, Molly Szerlip, Werner Scholtz, Smita Scholtz, Didier Tchetche, Fausto Castriota, Christian Butter, Lars Søndergaard, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Horst Sievert, Ottavio Alfieri, John Webb, Josep Rodés-Cabau, Antonio Colombo, Azeem Latib
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
The Role of Cannabis Legalization in the Opioid Crisis
Authors: Kevin P. Hill, Andrew J. Saxon
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Abstract 18092: Ablation of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Using a 2nd Generation Cryoballoon Catheter or Contact-Force Sensing Radiofrequency Ablation Catheter: A Comparison of Costs and Long-Term Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Miki Yokokawa, Aman Chugh, Rakesh Latchamsetty, Hamid Ghanbari, Thomas Crawford, Krit Jongnarangsin, Ryan Cunnane, Mohammed Saeed, Kyle Hornsby, Kavita Krishnasamy, Watchara Lohawijarn, Robert Keast, David Karpenko, Frank Bogun, Frank Pelosi, Fred Morady, Hakan Oral
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Although noninferiority of cryoballoon ablation (CBA) and radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation for antral pulmonary vein isolation (APVI) has been reported in patients with paroxysma...
Postoperative Death After Lower-Limb Amputation in a National Prevalent Cohort of Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Jason K. Gurney, James Stanley, Juliet Rumball-Smith, Steve York, Diana Sarfati
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to 1) describe postoperative mortality after lower-limb amputation in a national prevalent cohort of patients with diabetes, and 2) investigate whether postoperative mortality differs by demographic subgroup, patient morbidity level, and health system factors related to the facility in which the amputation occurred. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A national prevalent cohort of 302,339 individuals diagnosed with diabetes between 2005 and 2014 was followed until the end of 2014 for major and minor lower-limb amputation and subsequent postoperative mortality by using national health data collections. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to determine postoperative survival, whereas Cox proportional hazards models were used to describe the relative hazard of postoperative mortality, adjusted for covariates. RESULTS A total of 6,352 lower-limb amputations occurred over the study period (2,570 major amputations, 3,782 minor amputations). More than 11% of patients who underwent major amputation died within 30 days, whereas nearly 18% died within 90 days. Death was most common among older patients and indigenous Māori. Sex, deprivation, rurality, hospital volume, admission type, and patient comorbidity were not consistently or substantially independently associated with risk of postoperative mortality. CONCLUSIONS In a national prevalent cohort of patients with diabetes, there was high risk of postoperative mortality as well as a differential risk of postoperative mortality by demographic subgroup. Further work is required to investigate the drivers of postoperative mortality among patients with diabetes who undergo amputation.
Toward a neurophysiological foundation for altered states of consciousness
Authors: Shadab Tabatabaeian, Carolyn Dicey Jennings
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2018)

Abstract Singh's cultural evolutionary theory posits that methods of inducing shamanic altered states of consciousness differ, resulting in profoundly different cognitive states. We argue that, despite different methods of induction, altered states of consciousness share neurophysiological features and cause shared cognitive and behavioral effects. This common foundation enables further cross-cultural comparison of shamanic activities that is currently left out of Singh's theory.
The Missing Response to Selection in the Wild
Authors: Benoit Pujol, Simon Blanchet, Anne Charmantier, Etienne Danchin, Benoit Facon, Pascal Marrot, Fabrice Roux, Ivan Scotti, Céline Teplitsky, Caroline E. Thomson, Isabel Winney
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2018)

Although there are many examples of contemporary directional selection, evidence for responses to selection that match predictions are often missing in quantitative genetic studies of wild populations. This is despite the presence of genetic variation and selection pressures - theoretical prerequisites for the response to selection. This conundrum can be explained by statistical issues with accurate parameter estimation, and by biological mechanisms that interfere with the response to selection. These biological mechanisms can accelerate or constrain this response. These mechanisms are generally studied independently but might act simultaneously. We therefore integrated these mechanisms to explore their potential combined effect. This has implications for explaining the apparent evolutionary stasis of wild populations and the conservation of wildlife.
malERA: An updated research agenda for combination interventions and modelling in malaria elimination and eradication
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2017)

This paper summarises key advances and priorities since the 2011 presentation of the Malaria Eradication Research Agenda (malERA), with a focus on the combinations of intervention tools and strategies for elimination and their evaluation using modelling approaches. With an increasing number of countries embarking on malaria elimination programmes, national and local decisions to select combinations of tools and deployment strategies directed at malaria elimination must address rapidly changing transmission patterns across diverse geographic areas. However, not all of these approaches can be systematically evaluated in the field. Thus, there is potential for modelling to investigate appropriate ‘packages’ of combined interventions that include various forms of vector control, case management, surveillance, and population-based approaches for different settings, particularly at lower transmission levels. Modelling can help prioritise which intervention packages should be tested in field studies, suggest which intervention package should be used at a particular level or stratum of transmission intensity, estimate the risk of resurgence when scaling down specific interventions after local transmission is interrupted, and evaluate the risk and impact of parasite drug resistance and vector insecticide resistance. However, modelling intervention package deployment against a heterogeneous transmission background is a challenge. Further validation of malaria models should be pursued through an iterative process, whereby field data collected with the deployment of intervention packages is used to refine models and make them progressively more relevant for assessing and predicting elimination outcomes.
Active Host Response to Algal Symbionts in the Sea Slug Elysia chlorotica
Authors: Cheong Xin Chan, Pavel Vaysberg, Dana C Price, Karen N Pelletreau, Mary E Rumpho, Debashish Bhattacharya
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2018)

Sacoglossan sea slugs offer fascinating systems to study the onset and persistence of algal-plastid symbioses. Elysia chlorotica is particularly noteworthy because it can survive for months, relying solely on energy produced by ingested plastids of the stramenopile alga Vaucheria litorea that are sequestered in cells lining its digestive diverticula. How this animal can maintain the actively photosynthesizing organelles without replenishment of proteins from the lost algal nucleus remains unknown. Here, we used RNA-Seq analysis to test the idea that plastid sequestration leaves a significant signature on host gene expression during E. chlorotica development. Our results support this hypothesis and show that upon exposure to and ingestion of V. litorea plastids, genes involved in microbe-associated molecular patterns and oxidative stress-response mechanisms are significantly up-regulated. Interestingly, our results with E. chlorotica mirror those found with corals that maintain dinoflagellates as intact cells in symbiosomes, suggesting parallels between these animal-algal symbiotic interactions.
West Nile virus outbreak in humans and epidemiological surveillance, west Andalusia, Spain, 2016
Authors: Nuria López-Ruiz, María del Carmen Montaño-Remacha, Enric Durán-Pla, Mercedes Pérez-Ruiz, Jose María Navarro-Marí, Celia Salamanca-Rivera, Blanca Miranda, Salvador Oyonarte-Gómez, Josefa Ruiz-Fernández
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2018)

In Andalusia, Spain, West Nile virus (WNV) surveillance takes place from April to November, during the active vector period. Within this area seroconversion to this virus was evidenced in wild birds in 2004, affecting horses and two humans for the first time in 2010. Since 2010, the virus has been isolated every year in horses, and national and regional surveillance plans have been updated with the epidemiological changes found. WNV is spreading rapidly throughout southern Europe and has caused outbreaks in humans. Here we describe the second WNV outbreak in humans in Andalusia, with three confirmed cases, which occurred between August and September 2016, and the measures carried out to control it. Surveillance during the transmission season is essential to monitor and ensure prompt identification of any outbreaks.
Function of the c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase in carcinogenesis and associated therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Yazhuo Zhang, Mengfang Xia, Ke Jin, Shufei Wang, Hang Wei, Chunmei Fan, Yingfen Wu, Xiaoling Li, Xiayu Li, Guiyuan Li, Zhaoyang Zeng, Wei Xiong
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2018)

c-Met is a receptor tyrosine kinase belonging to the MET (MNNG HOS transforming gene) family, and is expressed on the surfaces of various cells. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is the ligand for this receptor. The binding of HGF to c-Met initiates a series of intracellular signals that mediate embryogenesis and wound healing in normal cells. However, in cancer cells, aberrant HGF/c-Met axis activation, which is closely related to c-Met gene mutations, overexpression, and amplification, promotes tumor development and progression by stimulating the PI3K/AKT, Ras/MAPK, JAK/STAT, SRC, Wnt/β-catenin, and other signaling pathways. Thus, c-Met and its associated signaling pathways are clinically important therapeutic targets. In this review, we elaborate on the molecular structure of c-Met and HGF and the mechanism through which their interaction activates the PI3K/AKT, Ras/MAPK, and Wnt signaling pathways. We also summarize the connection between c-Met and RON and EGFR, which are also receptor tyrosine kinases. Finally, we introduce the current therapeutic drugs that target c-Met in primary tumors, and their use in clinical research.
Long-term proton pump inhibitors use and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of 926 386 participants
Authors: Qian-Yi Wan, Xiao-Ting Wu, Ni Li, Liang Du, Yong Zhou
Journal: Gut (2018)

We read with interest the study by Cheung et al 1 reporting that long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer (GC) in participants after Helicobacter pylori eradication. Considering PPIs were widely used for the treatment of acid-related disorders, and previous studies about PPIs use and risk of GC did not have a consistent result. To better understand this issue, we conducted this meta-analysis that investigated the associations between long-term PPIs use and risk of GC.

We searched the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for potential studies published before March 2018. …
Babette Pluim #ReadyForAChallenge #AlwaysCheerful
Authors: Alexandra Ross
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

­



Working trackside at the London 2012 Olympics when Usain Bolt sealed gold for Jamaica in the 4×100 m relay final. However, watching Richard Krajicek win Wimbledon comes a very close second!



Starting to work for the Dutch Tennis Federation on 1 April 1990 was a dream come true—a job I have now held for 28 years.

#readyforachallenge

#alwayscheerful

#tennisdoc

My work is very varied, so I do not follow the same routine every day, but I do like a cup of tea with the newspaper every morning!

My goal has been to extend scientific rigour to tennis medicine globally (to make it more evidence based) and to promote the health benefits of tennis to clinicians and the general public.

My number one hero and the most important person in my life is my mom, a really kind, modest and wise person. She encouraged me to follow my dreams and play the sports I loved, which included getting a black belt in judo and trying the tennis circuit in the US. She fully supported me in all my endeavours to pursue a career in sports medicine, even though the specialty did not yet exist in those days, and I love her dearly.

Determination

When I was in my fifth year of high school, I was offered the opportunity to apply for a scholarship in the USA. I signed up for it, not really knowing what it all entailed, but it sounded exciting. I passed all the tests, got the scholarship and had one of the best years …
Loss of XBP1 accelerates age-related decline in retinal function and neurodegeneration
Authors: Todd McLaughlin, Marek Falkowski, Jae Whan Park, Stephen Keegan, Michael Elliott, Joshua J. Wang, Sarah X. Zhang
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2018)

Aging is the strongest risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and extended age results in neuronal degeneration and functional decline in the visual system. Among many contributing factors to age-related deterioration of neurons is an insufficient activation of the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in response to cellular stress. X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) is a major component of the UPR and is essential for maintaining protein homeostasis and reducing cellular stresses. Herein, we investigate the role of XBP1 in maintaining morphological and functional integrity in retinal neurons during adulthood and the early stages of aging. The basal and induced levels of XBP1 activation in the retina were measured in young adult and aged mice. Conditional knockout (cKO) of XBP1 in retinal neurons was achieved by crossing XBP1 floxed mice with a retina specific Cre-recombinase line (Chx10-Cre). Retinal morphology, neuronal populations including photoreceptors, bipolar cells, and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), synaptic structure, and microglial activation were examined with immunohistochemistry and staining of retinal sections. Retinal function was evaluated with light-adapted (photopic) and dark adapted (scotopic) electroretinograms. Retinal mitochondrial function and metabolism was assessed by Seahorse XFe24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer. The retinas of aged wild type (WT) mice display a significantly reduced basal level of Xbp1s and compromised activation of ER stress response. In XBP1 cKO mice, significant structural degeneration of the retina, evidenced by thinning of retinal layers and a loss of RGCs, and functional defects indicated by diminished photopic and scotopic ERG b-waves are observed at the age of 12–14 months. Furthermore, discontinuous and disorganized synaptic laminae, colocalized with activated microglia, in the inner plexiform layer is found in the XBP1 cKO retinas. In addition, cKO mice demonstrate a significant increase in ectopic synapses between bipolar cells and photoreceptors, which is strikingly similar to WT mice at 20–24 months of age. These changes are associated with defective retinal glycolysis while mitochondrial respiratory function appears normal in the cKO retina. XBP1 cKO mice at 12–14 months of age show significant structural, functional, and metabolic deficits that closely resemble WT mice twice that age. Our findings suggest that the absence of XBP1, a critical component of the UPR, accelerates age-related retinal neurodegeneration.
Residential greenness and prevalence of major depressive disorders: a cross-sectional, observational, associational study of 94 879 adult UK Biobank participants
Authors: Chinmoy Sarkar, Chris Webster, John Gallacher
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2018)

BackgroundIncreased urbanisation and the associated reduced contact of individuals with natural environments have led to a rise in mental disorders, including depression. Residential greenness, a fundamental component of urban design, has been shown to reduce the public health burden of mental disorders. The present study investigates the association between residential green exposure and prevalence of major depressive disorders using a large and diverse cross-sectional dataset from the UK Biobank.MethodsIn this cross-sectional, observational, associational study, we used baseline data from the UK Biobank cohort of participants aged 37–73 years from across the UK. Environmental exposure data were derived from a modelled and linked built environment database. Residential greenness was assessed with a 0·5 m resolution Normalised Difference Vegetation Index, which is derived from spectral reflectance measurements in remotely sensed colour infrared data and measured within geocoded dwelling catchments. Other environment metrics included street-level movement density, terrain, and fine particulate exposures. A series of logistic models examined associations between residential greenness and odds of major depressive disorder after adjusting for activity-influencing environments and individual covariates.FindingsOf 122 993 participants with data on major depressive disorder, the study analytical sample comprised 94 879 (77·1%) participants recruited across ten UK Biobank assessment centres between April 29, 2009, and Oct 1, 2010. A protective effect of greenness on depression was consistently observed, with 4·0% lower odds of major depressive disorder per interquartile increment in Normalised Difference Vegetation Index greenness (odds ratio 0·960, 95% CI 0·93–0·99; p=0·0044). Interaction analyses indicated that the beneficial effects of greenness were more pronounced among women, participants younger than 60 years, and participants residing in areas with low neighbourhood socioeconomic status or high urbanicity.InterpretationThe results point to the benefits of well designed green environments on mental health. Further longitudinal studies are needed to decipher causal pathways. In the UK, policies aimed at optimising allocation and design of green spaces might help preserve psychological ecosystem services, thereby, improving the mental wellbeing of populations and enhancing the mental capital of cities.FundingUniversity of Hong Kong, UK Biobank, and the UK Economic & Social Research Council.
Abstract 18114: The Impact of Androgen Deprivation Therapy on One-Year Mortality in a Large Prostate Cancer Registry With Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors: Kristopher Swiger, Eric Farber-Eger, Quinn Wells, Javid Moslehi, Jai Singh
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Contemporary management of prostate cancer, including androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), has led to improved cancer survival and a shift of focus to non-cancer related mortality of w...
A Changing Landscape in Cardiovascular Research Publication Output
Authors: Diane Gal, Bart Thijs, Wolfgang Glänzel, Karin R. Sipido
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)

The concern about predominance of basic discovery research and lack of translation into clinical medicine, and segregation between these research communities, led the authors to study these research communities through mapping networks of publications and cross-references. Cardiovascular research from 1993 to 2013 was published in 565 journals, including 104 new journals. Only 50% were published in core cardiovascular journals, such as the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, whereas one-half of cardiovascular publications were found in broader biomedical/multidisciplinary journals. The growth of the clinical journal community and merging into one broad journal community suggests a decreasing dichotomy between basic/preclinical and clinical research, potentially contributing to bridging the translational gap.
The dark side of dialog
Authors: Justin J Couchman, Gwenievere A Birster, Mariana V C Coutinho
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2018)

Abstract We agree that the self is constructed through a collaborative dialog. But hostile interlocutors could use various cognitive techniques to hijack the dialog, resulting in beliefs, values, and even selves that are out of line with reality. The implications of this problem are dire, but we suggest that increased metacognitive awareness could help guide this process to a truthful conclusion.
Macrophage/microglial Ezh2 facilitates autoimmune inflammation through inhibition of Socs3
Authors: Xingli Zhang, Yan Wang, Jia Yuan, Ni Li, Siyu Pei, Jing Xu, Xuan Luo, Chaoming Mao, Junli Liu, Tao Yu, Shucheng Gan, Qianqian Zheng, Yinming Liang, Weixiang Guo, Ju Qiu, Gabriela Constantin, Jin Jin, Jun Qin, Yichuan Xiao
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2018)

Histone 3 Lys27 (H3K27) trimethyltransferase Ezh2 is implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune inflammation. Nevertheless, the role of Ezh2 in macrophage/microglial activation remains to be defined. In this study, we identified that macrophage/microglial H3K27me3 or Ezh2, rather than functioning as a repressor, mediates toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced proinflammatory gene expression, and therefore Ezh2 depletion diminishes macrophage/microglial activation and attenuates the autoimmune inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium–induced colitis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Mechanistic characterizations indicated that Ezh2 deficiency directly stimulates suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (Socs3) expression and therefore enhances the Lys48-linked ubiquitination and degradation of tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 6. As a consequence, TLR-induced MyD88-dependent nuclear factor κB activation and the expression of proinflammatory genes in macrophages/microglia are compromised in the absence of Ezh2. The functional dependence of Ezh2 for Socs3 is further illustrated by the rescue experiments in which silencing of Socs3 restores macrophage activation and rescues autoimmune inflammation in macrophage/microglial Ezh2-deficient mice. Together, these findings establish Ezh2 as a macrophage lineage-specific mediator of autoimmune inflammation and highlight a previously unknown mechanism of Ezh2 function.