tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Limitations of Observational Data in Interpreting SPRINT Results—Reply
Authors: Donal J. Sexton, Mark Canney, Roseanne M. Kenny
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Identification of a Novel, EBV-Based Antibody Risk Stratification Signature for Early Detection of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Taiwan
Authors: Anna E. Coghill, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Carla Proietti, Wan-Lun Hsu, Yin-Chu Chien, Lea Lekieffre, Lutz Krause, Andy Teng, Jocelyn Pablo, Kelly J. Yu, Pei-Jen Lou, Cheng-Ping Wang, Zhiwei Liu, Chien-Jen Chen, Jaap Middeldorp, Jason Mulvenna, Jeff Bethony, Allan Hildesheim, Denise L. Doolan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Background Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is necessary for the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). By adulthood, approximately 90% of individuals test EBV-positive, but only a fraction develop cancer. Factors that identify which individuals are most likely to develop disease, including differential antibody response to the virus, could facilitate detection at early stages when treatment is most effective.Methods We measured anti-EBV IgG and IgA antibody responses in 607 Taiwanese individuals. Antibodies were measured using a custom protein microarray targeting 199 sequences from 86 EBV proteins. Variation in response patterns between NPC cases and controls was used to develop an antibody-based risk score for predicting NPC. The overall accuracy [area under the curve (AUC)] of this risk score, and its performance relative to currently used biomarkers, was evaluated in two independent Taiwanese cohorts.Findings Levels of 60 IgA and 73 IgG anti-EBV antibodies differed between stage I/IIa NPC cases and controls (P < 0.0002). Risk prediction analyses identified antibody targets that best discriminated NPC status-BXLF1, LF2,BZLF1, BRLF1, EAd, BGLF2, BPLF1, BFRF1, and BORF1. When combined with currently used VCA/EBNA1 IgA biomarkers, the resulting risk score predicted NPC with 93% accuracy (95% CI, 87%-98%) in the general Taiwanese population, a significant improvement beyond current biomarkers alone (82%; 95% CI, 75%-90%, P ≤ 0.01). This EBV-based risk score also improved NPC prediction in genetically high-risk families (89%; 95% CI, 82%-96%) compared with current biomarkers (78%; 95% CI, 66%-90%, P ≤ 0.03).Interpretation We identified NPC-related differences in 133 anti-EBV antibodies and developed a risk score using this microarray dataset that targeted immune responses against EBV proteins from all stages of the viral life cycle, significantly improving the ability to predict NPC. Clin Cancer Res; 24(6); 1305-14. ©2017 AACR.
<i>Notes from the Field</i>: Lead Contamination of Opium — Iran, 2016
Authors: Nasim Zamani, Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

Annual drug users (millions) Number of people with drug use problems Number of people who use drugs 4.9% 4.9% 4.6% 4.8% 5.0% 5.2% 5.2% 5.2% 5.2% 0.6% 26 28 27.3 27.1 27.1 27.3 27.4 27.4 29.
Патогенетична роль зниження резистентності слизового бар’єра при коморбідному перебігу пептичної виразки дванадцятипалої кишки та ГЕРХ
Authors: I.M. Skrypnyk, G.V. Osyodlo
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2013)

Установлено, що загострення пептичної виразки дванадцятипалої кишки й гастроезофагеальної рефлюксної хвороби (ГЕРХ) характеризується вірогідним зниженням резистентності слизового бар’єра гастродуоденальної зони внаслідок посилення деградації сіалопротеїнів, колагенових білків, зниження продукції фукопротеїнів слизу, активації перекисного окиснення ліпідів і зниження антиоксидантного захисту слизової оболонки. Доповнення антисекреторної терапії мелатоніном при поєднанні пептичної виразки дванадцятипалої кишки й ГЕРХ сприяє покращенню психосоматичного стану і покращенню факторів захисту слизової оболонки езофагогастродуоденальної зони.
David Oliver: Supporting care assistants when clients become ill at home
Authors: David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2018)

In England, personal care and support for dependent older people is largely unpaid, provided by family.1 For people who have no one to do this, however—and who pass very stringent eligibility criteria for statutory social services2 or can afford to pay regardless—it’s generally provided by care assistants.3 These carers often earn the national living wage or not much more,4 and reports show that many have zero hours contracts5 or are not properly reimbursed for time spent travelling between numerous clients’ homes each day.6

Personal care of older people is hard, highly responsible work. But recruitment and retention of care assistants is collapsing in many parts of the country, along with the provider market.7 Without these workers, who could earn more in less demanding jobs, our health and …
The Paradigm of Escalation of Commitment in Treatment Decisions Near the End of Life
Authors: Stewart B. Fleishman
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Frequency, Morbidity, and Mortality of Bone Metastases in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: James J. Harding, Ghaith Abu-Zeinah, Joanne F. Chou, Dwight Hall Owen, Michele Ly, Maeve Aine Lowery, Marinela Capanu, Richard Do, Nancy E. Kemeny, Eileen M. O'Reilly, Leonard B. Saltz, Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2018)

Background: Bone metastases are common in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but their incidence, morbidity, and mortality are not well defined. Methods: The Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center database was queried for all patients with HCC and metastases seen from 2002 to 2014. The prevalence of bone metastasis was determined and cumulative incidence function was used to estimate the probability of developing a bone metastasis. Regression models were created to identify risk factors for osseous metastasis. The frequency of skeletal-related events (SREs), defined as pathologic fracture, spinal cord compression, need for radiation therapy to bone, and/or surgical resection of bone, was determined and cumulative incidence function was used to estimate the probability of SRE development. Regression models were created to identify SRE risk factors. Correlation of clinicopathologic parameters, including bone metastases and SREs, with overall survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methodology. Results: A total of 459 patients with HCC and extrahepatic metastases were identified; 151 patients (32.9%) had or developed bone metastases: 128 (27.9%) as a primary site and 23 (4.6%) as a secondary site of extrahepatic disease. Among the 331 patients without bone metastasis at presentation, the yearly incidence of bone metastasis was 6.4% (95% CI, 3.6%–9.2%). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection increased the chance of developing a bone metastasis (P=.02). The cumulative incidence of SREs was 50% at 6 months. Univariate analysis showed that patients with HBV-related HCC had a significantly higher incidence of SREs (P=.02). Sorafenib and bisphosphonates each protected against SREs. The presence of SREs was independently associated with a worse overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.52–2.97; P<.01) in the multivariable model. Conclusions: Patients with AJCC stage IV HCC and bone metastases that are clinically evident on routine radiography or on clinical examination at presentation are apt to develop frequent, morbid, and mortal SREs, whereas those without evident bone metastasis at presentation are unlikely to develop these complications.
Sixty seconds on . . . Dry January
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2018)

No, it’s an annual campaign by Alcohol Concern, supported by Public Health England, to persuade people to give up alcohol for the month of January.

There is evidence that January sees an increase in attempts to reduce drinking, so Alcohol Concern is pushing at an open door. Midsummer is the other period when guilt temporarily trumps appetite and attempts …
Receptor Conversion in Distant Breast Cancer Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Willemijne A M E Schrijver, Karijn P M Suijkerbuijk, Carla H van Gils, Elsken van der Wall, Cathy B Moelans, Paul J van Diest
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2017)

In metastatic breast cancer, hormone and/or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–targeted therapy decision-making is still largely based on tissue characteristics of the primary tumor. However, a change of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 status in distant metastases has frequently been reported. The actual incidence of this phenomenon has been debated. We performed a meta-analysis including 39 studies assessing receptor conversion from primary breast tumors to paired distant breast cancer metastases. We noted the direction of change (positive to negative or vice versa) and performed subgroup analyses for different thresholds for positivity, the type of test used to assess HER2 receptor status, and metastasis location–specific differences (two-sided tests). Overall, the incidence of receptor conversion varied largely between studies. For ERα, PR, and HER2, we found that random effects pooled positive to negative conversion percentages of 22.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 16.4% to 30.0%), 49.4% (95% CI = 40.5% to 58.2%), and 21.3% (95% CI = 14.3% to 30.5%), respectively. Negative to positive conversion percentages were 21.5% (95% CI = 18.1% to 25.5%), 15.9% (95% CI = 11.3% to 22.0%), and 9.5% (95% CI = 7.4% to 12.1%). Furthermore, ERα discordance was statistically significantly higher in the central nervous system and bone compared with liver metastases (20.8%, 95% CI = 15.0% to 28.0%, and 29.3%, 95% CI = 13.0% to 53.5%, vs 14.3%, 95% CI = 11.3% to 18.1, P = .008 and P < .001, respectively), and PR discordance was higher in bone (42.7%, 95% CI = 35.1% to 50.6%, P < .001) and liver metastases (47.0%, 95% CI = 41.0% to 53.0%, P < .001) compared with central nervous system metastases (23.3%, 95% CI = 16.0% to 32.6%). Receptor conversion for ERα, PR, and HER2 occurs frequently in the course of disease progression in breast cancer. Large prospective studies assessing the impact of receptor conversion on treatment efficacy and survival are needed. Meanwhile, reassessing receptor status in metastases is strongly encouraged.
PD-L1 Expression and Gene Amplification in CD30+ Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL): Significance of TP53 Genetic Impact and Clinicopathologic Characteristics
Authors: George Rassidakis, Yi Miao, Jun Zhang, Vassilis Atsaves, Lorand Kis, Karin E Smedby, Yong Li, Zijun Yidan Xu-Monette, Ken H. Young
Journal: Blood (2017)
An uncommon cause of abdominal pain in a young man
Authors: Timothy Shao Ern Tan, Foong Koon Cheah
Journal: BMJ (2018)

A 38 year old man with a known testicular germ cell tumour presented with acute right sided abdominal pain but no other symptoms. Clinical examination showed positive Murphy’s sign. Laboratory investigations showed leucocytosis of 10.6×109 (reference range 4.0-9.0×109)/L and serum C reactive protein of 59 (0.2-9.1) mg/L. Serum liver enzymes were unremarkable. A computed tomography scan of his abdomen and pelvis was performed (fig 1). What abnormality does this scan show?



Fig 1 
(a) Axial and (b) coronal sections of contrast enhanced computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis at the mid-ascending colon



A tubular hypodense lesion surrounding a central linear hyperdensity adjacent to the ascending colon with surrounding inflammatory changes, suggestive of epiploic appendagitis …
Modelo preoperatorio predictor de disección submucosa endoscópica colorrectal (DSE-CR) en bloque en un entorno europeo de aprendizaje. Estudio multicéntrico
Authors: JC Marín Gabriel, F Ramos Zabala, F Múgica Aguinaga, E Albéniz Urbizu, J De La Peña García, A Sánchez Yagüe, C Dolz Abadía, MG Fernández Esparrach, A Álvarez Delgado, H Cortés Pérez
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Identificar los factores que, antes de comenzar la DSE-CR, pueden predecir la resección endoscópica de la lesión en bloque.
Resident and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages in Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Lisa Honold, Matthias Nahrendorf
Journal: Circulation Research (2018)

Macrophages are ubiquitous cells that reside in all major tissues. Counter to long-held beliefs, we now know that resident macrophages in many organs are seeded during embryonic development and self-renew independently from blood monocytes. Under inflammatory conditions, those tissue macrophages are joined and sometimes replaced by recruited monocyte-derived macrophages. Macrophage function in steady state and disease depends on not only their developmental origin but also the tissue environment. Here, we discuss the ontogeny, function, and interplay of tissue-resident and monocyte-derived macrophages in various organs contributing to the development and progression of cardiovascular disease.
Onboarding Experience of Pediatric Patients With Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases With Subcutaneous Human Immune Globulin 20% (Ig20Gly)
Authors: Kenneth Paris, Iftikhar Hussain, Sudhir Gupta, Ping Wang, Barbara McCoy, Christopher J. Rabbat, Leman Yel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Survival Outcomes after First-Line Therapy in Follicular Lymphoma Patients Treated with Bendamustine and Rituximab Vs Other Rituximab Combinations in the United States
Authors: Aaron Galaznik, Jill A Bell, Laurie Hamilton, Augustina Ogbonnaya, Kristin Hennenfent, Michael T. Eaddy, Yaping Shou
Journal: Blood (2017)
Effect of Hydrolyzed Infant Formula vs Conventional Formula on Risk of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Mikael Knip, Hans K. Åkerblom, Eva Al Taji, Dorothy Becker, Jan Bruining, Luis Castano, Thomas Danne, Carine de Beaufort, Hans-Michael Dosch, John Dupre, William D. Fraser, Neville Howard, Jorma Ilonen, Daniel Konrad, Olga Kordonouri, Jeffrey P. Krischer, Margaret L. Lawson, Johnny Ludvigsson, Laszlo Madacsy, Jeffrey L. Mahon, Anne Ormisson, Jerry P. Palmer, Paolo Pozzilli, Erkki Savilahti, Manuel Serrano-Rios, Marco Songini, Shayne Taback, Outi Vaarala, Neil H. White, Suvi M. Virtanen, Renata Wasikowa
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Early exposure to complex dietary proteins may increase the risk of type 1 diabetes in children with genetic disease susceptibility. There are no intact proteins in extensively hydrolyzed formulas.To test the hypothesis that weaning to an extensively hydrolyzed formula decreases the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes in young children.An international double-blind randomized clinical trial of 2159 infants with human leukocyte antigen-conferred disease susceptibility and a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes recruited from May 2002 to January 2007 in 78 study centers in 15 countries; 1081 were randomized to be weaned to the extensively hydrolyzed casein formula and 1078 to a conventional formula. The follow-up of the participants ended on February 28, 2017.The participants received either a casein hydrolysate or a conventional adapted cow's milk formula supplemented with 20% of the casein hydrolysate. The minimum duration of study formula exposure was 60 days by 6 to 8 months of age.Primary outcome was type 1 diabetes diagnosed according to World Health Organization criteria. Secondary outcomes included age at diabetes diagnosis and safety (adverse events).Among 2159 newborn infants (1021 female [47.3%]) who were randomized, 1744 (80.8%) completed the trial. The participants were observed for a median of 11.5 years (quartile [Q] 1-Q3, 10.2-12.8). The absolute risk of type 1 diabetes was 8.4% among those randomized to the casein hydrolysate (n = 91) vs 7.6% among those randomized to the conventional formula (n = 82) (difference, 0.8% [95% CI, -1.6% to 3.2%]). The hazard ratio for type 1 diabetes adjusted for human leukocyte antigen risk group, duration of breastfeeding, duration of study formula consumption, sex, and region while treating study center as a random effect was 1.1 (95% CI, 0.8 to 1.5; P = .46). The median age at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes was similar in the 2 groups (6.0 years [Q1-Q3, 3.1-8.9] vs 5.8 years [Q1-Q3, 2.6-9.1]; difference, 0.2 years [95% CI, -0.9 to 1.2]). Upper respiratory infections were the most common adverse event reported (frequency, 0.48 events/year in the hydrolysate group and 0.50 events/year in the control group).Among infants at risk for type 1 diabetes, weaning to a hydrolyzed formula compared with a conventional formula did not reduce the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes after median follow-up for 11.5 years. These findings do not support a need to revise the dietary recommendations for infants at risk for type 1 diabetes.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00179777.
Abstract 18510: A Technology for Cardiac Regeneration Using Human iPS Cell-Derived Cardiac Tissue Including Multiple Cardiovascular Lineages
Authors: Hidetoshi Masumoto, Kohei Yamamizu, Takeshi Ikuno, Hitomi Takakubo, Kenji Minakata, Tadashi Ikeda, Yasuhiko Tabata, Jun Yamashita
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: To realize cardiac regeneration using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), efficient differentiation from hiPSCs to defined cardiovascular populations (cardiomyocytes [CMs]/...
KIT Inhibition by Imatinib in Patients with Severe Refractory Asthma - Impact on Airway Remodeling measured by MDCT
Authors: Daniel T. Ilges, L.I. Zhou, Chase Hall, Shweta Sood, James Kozlowski, Charles Goss, Katherine N. Cahill, Jing Cui, Allison Crosby-Thompson, Nizar N. Jarjour, Emily DiMango, Serpil C. Erzurum, Jennifer L. Trevor, Michael E. Wechsler, Joshua A. Boyce, Elliot Israel, Mario Castro
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
ADCT-402, a PBD dimer–containing antibody drug conjugate targeting CD19-expressing malignancies
Authors: Francesca Zammarchi, Simon Corbett, Lauren Adams, Peter C. Tyrer, Konstantinos Kiakos, Narinder Janghra, Teresa Marafioti, Charles E. Britten, Carin E. G. Havenith, Simon Chivers, Francois D’Hooge, David G. Williams, Arnaud Tiberghien, Philip W. Howard, John A. Hartley, Patrick H. van Berkel
Journal: Blood (2018)
Does Childhood Maltreatment Moderate the Effect of the Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy versus Supportive Psychotherapy in Persistent Depressive Disorder?
Authors: Jan Philipp Klein, Nele Erkens, Ulrich Schweiger, Levente Kriston, Paul Bausch, Ingo Zobel, Martin Hautzinger, Dieter Schoepf, Ilinca Serbanescu, Josef Bailer, Matthias Backenstrass, Katrin Wambach, Henrik Walter, Martin Härter, Elisabeth Schramm
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2018)
Intra-articular delivery of tetramethylpyrazine microspheres with enhanced articular cavity retention for treating osteoarthritis
Authors: Xiuping Zhang, Yang Shi, Zhiyue Zhang, Zhenlei Yang, Guihua Huang
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2018)

Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with strong anti-inflammatory and cartilage protection activities, and thus a promising candidate for treating osteoarthritis. However, TMP is rapidly cleared from the joint cavity after intra-articular injection and requires multiple injections to maintain efficacy. The aim of this study was to encapsulate TMP into poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres to enhance the TMP retention in the joint, reducing injection frequencies and decreasing dosage. TMP microspheres were prepared by emulsion/solvent evaporation method. The intra-articular retention of the drug was assessed by detecting the drug concentration distributed in the joint tissue at different time points. The therapeutic effect of TMP microspheres was evaluated by the swelling of knee joints and histologic analysis in papain-induced OA rat model. The prepared freeze-dried microspheres with a particle size of about 10 µm can effectively prolong the retention time of the drug in the articular cavity to 30 d, which is 4.7 times that of the TMP solution. Intra-articular injection of TMP microspheres efficiently relieved inflammatory symptoms, improved joint lesions and decreased the depletion of proteoglycan. In conclusion, intra-articular injection of TMP loaded microspheres was a promising therapeutic method in the treatment of OA.
Ablation of endothelial VEGFR1 improves metabolic dysfunction by inducing adipose tissue browning
Authors: Takahiro Seki, Kayoko Hosaka, Carina Fischer, Sharon Lim, Patrik Andersson, Mitsuhiko Abe, Hideki Iwamoto, Yanyan Gao, Xinsheng Wang, Guo-Hua Fong, Yihai Cao
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2018)

Angiogenesis plays an instrumental role in the modulation of adipose tissue mass and metabolism. Targeting adipose vasculature provides an outstanding opportunity for treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders. Here, we report the physiological functions of VEGFR1 in the modulation of adipose angiogenesis, obesity, and global metabolism. Pharmacological inhibition and genetic deletion of endothelial VEGFR1 augmented adipose angiogenesis and browning of subcutaneous white adipose tissue, leading to elevated thermogenesis. In a diet-induced obesity model, endothelial-VEGFR1 deficiency demonstrated a potent anti-obesity effect by improving global metabolism. Along with metabolic changes, fatty liver and insulin sensitivity were also markedly improved in VEGFR1-deficient high fat diet (HFD)–fed mice. Together, our data indicate that targeting of VEGFR1 provides an exciting new opportunity for treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases, such as liver steatosis and type 2 diabetes.