tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Health, Polysubstance Use, and Criminal Justice Involvement Among Adults With Varying Levels of Opioid Use
Authors: Tyler N.A. Winkelman, Virginia W. Chang, Ingrid A. Binswanger
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2018)

<h3>Importance</h3> Health profiles and patterns of involvement in the criminal justice system among people with various levels of opioid use are poorly defined. Data are needed to inform a public health approach to the opioid epidemic. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the association between various levels of opioid use in the past year and physical and mental health, co-occurring substance use, and involvement in the criminal justice system. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This retrospective, cross-sectional analysis used the 2015-2016 National Survey on Drug Use and Health to assess the independent association of intensity of opioid use with health, co-occurring substance use, and involvement in the criminal justice system among US adults aged 18 to 64 years using multivariable logistic regression. <h3>Exposures</h3> No opioid use vs prescription opioid use, misuse, or use disorder or heroin use. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Self-reported physical and mental health, disability, co-occurring substance use, and past year and lifetime involvement in the criminal justice system. <h3>Results</h3> The sample consisted of 78 976 respondents (42 495 women and 36 481 men), representative of 196 280 447 US adults. In the weighted sample, 124 026 842 adults reported no opioid use in the past year (63.2%; 95% CI, 62.6%-63.7%), 61 462 897 reported prescription opioid use in the past year (31.3%; 95% CI, 30.8%-31.8%), 8 439 889 reported prescription opioid misuse in the past year (4.3%; 95% CI, 4.1%-4.5%), 1 475 433 reported prescription opioid use disorder in the past year (0.8%; 95% CI, 0.7%-0.8%), and 875 386 reported heroin use in the past year (0.4%; 95% CI, 0.4%-0.5%). Individuals who reported any level of opioid use were significantly more likely than individuals who reported no opioid use to be white, have a low income, and report a chronic condition, disability, severe mental illness, or co-occurring drug use. History of involvement in the criminal justice system increased as intensity of opioid use increased (no use, 15.9% [19 562 158 of 123 319 911]; 95% CI, 15.4%-16.4%; prescription opioid use, 22.4% [13 712 162 of 61 204 541]; 95% CI, 21.7%-23.1%; prescription opioid misuse, 33.2% [2 793 391 of 8 410 638]; 95% CI, 30.9%-35.6%; prescription opioid use disorder, 51.7% [762 189 of 1 473 552]; 95% CI, 45.4%-58.0%; and heroin use, 76.8% [668 453 of 870 250]; 95% CI, 70.6%-82.1%). In adjusted models, any level of opioid use was associated with involvement in the criminal justice system in the past year compared with no opioid use. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Individuals who use opioids have complicated health profiles and high levels of involvement in the criminal justice system. Combating the opioid epidemic will require public health interventions that involve criminal justice systems, as well as policies that reduce involvement in the criminal justice system among individuals with substance use disorders.
Does the addition of mesh improve outcomes in implant based breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer?
Authors: Shelley Potter, Mairead MacKenzie, Jane M Blazeby
Journal: BMJ (2018)

### What you need to know

Of the 55 000 women diagnosed with breast cancer1 each year in the UK, more than 40% require a mastectomy2 as primary surgical treatment. To optimise quality of life and outcomes, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends offering immediate breast reconstruction.3 In the UK4 and US,5 implant based breast reconstruction (IBBR) is the most commonly performed technique.

The implant is usually placed in a pocket under the pectoralis major muscle. This generally requires a two-stage approach as the pocket is not large enough to accommodate a fixed volume implant. A tissue expander is placed as a first stage and it is expanded by injecting fluid percutaneously until the desired size is achieved. The expander is then replaced by a fixed volume implant at a second operation. This technique is safe,6 but time consuming and uncomfortable. It is possible to use combined expander implants (“permanent expanders”) as a one-stage approach to avoid a second operation, but the results may be unsatisfactory.7

The introduction of biological and synthetic meshes in the early 2000s to augment the submuscular pocket has had a major impact on the practice of IBBR. The mesh can be used as a sling between the lower …
T1-REDEEM: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Diabetes Distress Among Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Lawrence Fisher, Danielle Hessler, William H. Polonsky, Umesh Masharani, Susan Guzman, Vicky Bowyer, Lisa Strycker, Andrew Ahmann, Marina Basina, Ian Blumer, Charles Chloe, Sarah Kim, Anne L. Peters, Martha Shumway, Karen Weihs, Patricia Wu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of two interventions to reduce diabetes distress (DD) and improve glycemic control among adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Individuals with T1D (n = 301) with elevated DD and HbA1c were recruited from multiple settings and randomly assigned to OnTrack, an emotion-focused intervention, or to KnowIt, an educational/behavioral intervention. Each group attended a full-day workshop plus four online meetings over 3 months. Assessments occurred at baseline and 3 and 9 months. Primary and secondary outcomes were change in DD and change in HbA1c, respectively. RESULTS With 12% attrition, both groups demonstrated dramatic reductions in DD (effect size d = 1.06; 78.4% demonstrated a reduction of at least one minimal clinically important difference). There were, however, no significant differences in DD reduction between OnTrack and KnowIt. Moderator analyses indicated that OnTrack provided greater DD reduction to those with initially poorer cognitive or emotion regulation skills, higher baseline DD, or greater initial diabetes knowledge than those in KnowIt. Significant but modest reductions in HbA1c occurred with no between-group differences. Change in DD was modestly associated with change in HbA1c (r = 0.14, P = 0.01), with no significant between-group differences. CONCLUSIONS DD can be successfully reduced among distressed individuals with T1D with elevated HbA1c using both education/behavioral and emotion-focused approaches. Reductions in DD are only modestly associated with reductions in HbA1c. These findings point to the importance of tailoring interventions to address affective, knowledge, and cognitive skills when intervening to reduce DD and improve glycemic control.
Flow network tracking for spatiotemporal and periodic point matching: Applied to cardiac motion analysis
Authors: Nripesh Parajuli, Allen Lu, Kevinminh Ta, John Stendahl, Nabil Boutagy, Imran Alkhalil, Melissa Eberle, Geng-Shi Jeng, Maria Zontak, Matthew O’Donnell, Albert J. Sinusas, James S. Duncan
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2019)
Outcome of domino hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in human subjects: An international case series
Authors: Mirjam E. Belderbos, Andrew R. Gennery, Christopher C. Dvorak, Henric-Jan Blok, Dirk-Jan Eikema, Juliana M.F. Silva, Paul Veys, Bénédicte Neven, Rebecca Buckley, Theresa Cole, Morton J. Cowan, W. Scott Goebel, Manfred Hoenig, Caroline Y. Kuo, E. Richard Stiehm, Robert Wynn, Marc Bierings
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Tasa de detección de pólipos: Una alternativa para el conocimiento de la tasa de detección de adenomas
Authors: VM Sastre Lozano, S Morán Sánchez, J García Solano
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

El “cáncer colorrectal de intervalo”, es consecuencia de lesiones no identificadas en colonoscopia índice. La Tasa de Detección de Adenomas (TDA), es el indicador más importante de calidad científico-técnica en colonoscopia. Su cálculo requiere un esfuerzo en recursos humanos importante. El indicador de calidad más relacionado con la incidencia de CCR post-colonoscopia en los estudios, es el menos registrado.
Genome-Wide MicroRNA Expression Profiles in COPD: Early Predictors for Cancer Development
Authors: Andreas Keller, Tobias Fehlmann, Nicole Ludwig, Mustafa Kahraman, Thomas Laufer, Christina Backes, Claus Vogelmeier, Caroline Diener, Frank Biertz, Christian Herr, Rudolf A. Jörres, Hans-Peter Lenhof, Eckart Meese, Robert Bals
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2018)

Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) significantly increases the risk of developing cancer. Biomarker studies frequently follow a case-control set-up in which patients diagnosed with a disease are compared to controls. Longitudinal cohort studies such as the COPD-centered German COPD and SYstemic consequences-COmorbidities NETwork (COSYCONET) study provide the patient and biomaterial base for discovering predictive molecular markers. We asked whether microRNA (miRNA) profiles in blood collected from COPD patients prior to a tumor diagnosis could support an early diagnosis of tumor development independent of the tumor type. From 2741 participants of COSYCONET diagnosed with COPD, we selected 534 individuals including 33 patients who developed cancer during the follow-up period of 54 months and 501 patients who did not develop cancer, but had similar age, gender and smoking history. Genome-wide miRNA profiles were generated and evaluated using machine learning techniques. For patients developing cancer we identified nine miRNAs with significantly decreased abundance (two-tailed unpaired t-test adjusted for multiple testing P &amp;lt; 0.05), including members of the miR-320 family. The identified miRNAs regulate different cancer-related pathways including the MAPK pathway (P = 2.3 × 10−5). We also observed the impact of confounding factors on the generated miRNA profiles, underlining the value of our matched analysis. For selected miRNAs, qRT-PCR analysis was applied to validate the results. In conclusion, we identified several miRNAs in blood of COPD patients, which could serve as candidates for biomarkers to help identify COPD patients at risk of developing cancer.
Abstract 16249: Low Left Atrial Appendage Wall Velocity Obtained By Trans-Thoracic Echocardiography Predicts the Recurrence of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation After Catheter Ablation
Authors: Naoto Hashimoto, Harutoshi Tamura, Tetsu Watanabe, Yu Kumagai, Naoaki Hashimoto, Masahiro Wanezaki, Gensai Yamaura, Satoshi Nishiyama, Takanori Arimoto, Tadateru Iwayama, Hiroki Takahashi, Tetsuro Shishido, Takuya Miyamoto, Isao Kubota
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  The pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is a promising therapy for the paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), whereas the rate of PAF recurrence remains relatively high after PVI. It was reported that left atrial (LA) remodeling was associated with left atrial appendage (LAA) dysfunction and recurrence of PAF after PVI. However, the feasible predictor for PAF recurrence remains to be determined. We previously reported that LAA wall motion velocity obtained by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE-LAWV) can noninvasively and easily evaluate LAA dysfunction and useful for the detection of LAA thrombus. We hypothesized that TTE-LAWV can predict the PAF recurrence after PVI.   Methods:  We performed TTE and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in 182 PAF patients who were admitted to our hospital for first PVI (132 males, 59 ± 9 years). TTE-LAWV was measured using Doppler tissue imaging at the LAA tip from the parasternal short-axis view on TTE imaging, as previously reported. We excluded the patients who had low ejection fraction, severe valvular heart disease, old myocardial infarction and cardiomyopathy.   Results:  The recurrence of PAF was observed in 64 (35.2%) patients after PVI. Patients with the recurrence of PAF had lower TTE-LAWV, increased left atrial volume index, and lower LAA emptying flow velocity (LAA eV) compared to those without before PVI. TTE-LAWV was significantly correlated with LAA eV and LAWV by TEE (R = 0.391, P    Conclusion:  TTE-LAWV can noninvasively evaluate LAA dysfunction and may be useful predictor for recurrence of PAF after PVI.
Dynamic godalinum enhanced magnetic resonance imaging allows accurate assessment of the synovial inflammatory activity in rheumatoid arhritis knee joints. A comparison with synovial histology
Authors: Mette Bjørndal Axelsen, M. Stoltenberg, Olga Kubassova, Mikael Boesen, Henning Bliddal, Kim Hørslev-Petersen, Lars Peter Grüner Hanson, Mikkel Østergaard
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)
Abstract 12024: Changes in Respiratory System Static Compliance After Resuscitation in a Porcine Model of Prolonged Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Houzhen Zheng, Rui Chen, Zhengfei Yang, Cai Wen, Xiaozhu Zhai, Tao Yu, Mary A Peberdy, Joseph P Ornato, Wanchun Tang
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Acute lung injury happens commonly after resuscitation due to ischemia reperfusion injury and complications of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The static compliance of the respiratory system (Csrs) is a reliable indicator of lung injury, together with chest-wall compliance (Cscw) and lung compliance (Csl). In the present study, we investigated the changes in Csrs, Cscw and Csl after resuscitationin a porcine mode of prolonged cardiac arrest (CA). Hypothesis: Both Csrs and Csl are decreased after prolonged CA and CPR without significant changes in Cscw. Methods: Ventricular fibrillation was electrically induced and left untreated for 10 mins in six male domestic pigs weighing 39±3 kg. Defibrillation was then attempted by a single 150 J shock after 4 min of CPR. All the animals were resuscitated successfully. Succinylcholine chloride (1.0mg/kg) was given intravenously to relax the respiratory muscles and static pressure-volume (P-V) curves were obtained by constant low-flow method at baseline, 1, 2 and 8h after resuscitation. Airway opening pressure, esophageal pressure, transpulmonary pressure and tidal volume were assessed. Csrs, Cscw and Csl were calculated as the slope rates of the liner portion of the corresponding P-V curves. Results: Significant decreases in both Csrs and Csl were observed after resuscitation when compared with baseline (Figure). However, Cscw increased slightly at 1 h after resuscitation and returned to baseline 2 h post-resuscitation. Conclusion: Both Csrs and Csl were reduced significantly following resuscitation without significant changes of Cscw in a porcine model of prolonged CA and CPR.
Devolution and Devaluation of Fecal Leukocyte Testing
Authors: Arjun Gupta, David H. Johnson, Deepak Agrawal
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

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Transplanting Hepatitis C Virus–Infected Versus Uninfected Kidneys Into Hepatitis C Virus–Infected Recipients
Authors: Mark H. Eckman, E. Steve Woodle, Charuhas V. Thakar, Flavio Paterno, Kenneth E. Sherman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Background: Direct-acting antiviral agents are now available to treat chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Objective: To examine whether it is more cost-effective to transplant HCV-infected or HCV-uninfected kidneys into HCV-infected patients. Design: Markov state-transition decision model. Data Sources: MEDLINE searches and bibliographies from relevant English-language articles. Target Population: HCV-infected patients with ESRD receiving hemodialysis in the United States. Time Horizon: Lifetime. Perspective: Health care system. Intervention: Transplant of an HCV-infected kidney followed by HCV treatment versus transplant of an HCV-uninfected kidney preceded by HCV treatment. Outcome Measures: Effectiveness, measured in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and costs, measured in 2017 U.S. dollars. Results of Base-Case Analysis: Transplant of an HCV-infected kidney followed by HCV treatment was more effective and less costly than transplant of an HCV-uninfected kidney preceded by HCV treatment, largely because of longer wait times for uninfected kidneys. A typical 57.8-year-old patient receiving hemodialysis would gain an average of 0.50 QALY at a lifetime cost savings of $41 591. Results of Sensitivity Analysis: Transplant of an HCV-infected kidney followed by HCV treatment continued to be preferred in sensitivity analyses of many model parameters. Transplant of an HCV-uninfected kidney preceded by HCV treatment was not preferred unless the additional wait time for an uninfected kidney was less than 161 days. Limitation: The study did not consider the benefit of decreased HCV transmission from treating HCV-infected patients. Conclusion: Transplanting HCV-infected kidneys into HCV-infected patients increased quality-adjusted life expectancy and reduced costs compared with transplanting HCV-uninfected kidneys into HCV-infected patients. Primary Funding Source: Merck Sharp & Dohme and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences.
Glucocorticoid receptor in stromal cells is essential for glucocorticoid-mediated suppression of inflammation in arthritis
Authors: Mascha Koenen, Stephan Culemann, Sabine Vettorazzi, Giorgio Caratti, Lucien Frappart, Wolfgang Baum, Gerhard Krönke, Ulrike Baschant, Jan P Tuckermann
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

Glucocorticoid (GC) therapy is frequently used to treat rheumatoid arthritis due to potent anti-inflammatory actions of GCs. Direct actions of GCs on immune cells were suggested to suppress inflammation.
Metástasis pancreáticas diagnosticadas por punción aspirativa con aguja fina guiada por ultrasonografía endoscópica
Authors: A Castellot Martín, MS Martínez Martín, L Betancor Hernández, JM De Lera Martínez, J Rodríguez Castellot, L Peña Ferrera, I Ciordia Naldas, L García Villarreal, A Cruz Bonilla, JM Marrero Monroy
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Las metástasis pancreáticas representan el 2% de los tumores de páncreas. Los más frecuentes primarios son: Carcinoma Células Renales, Carcinoma Mama, Adenocarcinoma Colon, Melanoma y Carcinoma pulmonar. El diagnóstico diferencial entre Adenocarcinoma de Páncreas y lesiones metastásicas es complicado.
Cervical Cancer Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Authors: Nelson Teng, Nadeem R Abu-Rustum, Afshin Bahador, Michael A Bookman, Robert E Bristow, Susana Campos, Kathleen R Cho, Larry Copeland, Patricia Eifel, James Fiorica, Benjamin E Greer, Daniel S Kapp, John Kavanagh, Wui-Jin Koh, Michael Kuettel, John R Lurain, Kelly L Molpus, Subir Nag, Edward E Partridge, C Bethan Powell, R Kevin Reynolds, William Small, John Soper, Todd D Tillmanns
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2004)

Although cervical cancer is more of a problem in developing countries than in the United States, an estimated 10,520 new cases will be diagnosed in the U.S. in 2004, and 3,900 deaths will result from the disease. Cervical cancer is a major world health problem for women. The global yearly incidence of cervical cancer is 371,000, and the annual death rate is 190,000. It is the third most common cancer in women worldwide. Seventy eight percent of cases occur in developing countries, where cervical cancer is the second most frequent cause of cancer death in women. For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org
INCOMPLETE CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY: DOES IT MATTER?
Authors: N Jagtap, P Shrimal, M Ramchandani, Z Nabi, M Tandan, R Gupta, PM Reddy, GV Rao, DN Reddy
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

In up to 30% of capsule endoscopy (CE) procedures, the capsule failed to reach the cecum resulting into incomplete CE. This may limit the value of CE. Various risk factors such as gastric transit time, prior small bowel surgery and hospitalization were identified as independent risk factors for incomplete CE. We aimed to study clinical impact of incomplete CE.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF CONFOCAL LASER ENDOMICROSCOPY FOR PANCREATIC DUCTAL ADENOCARCINOMA, AN EX-VIVO PILOT STUDY
Authors: BS Ungureanu, D Pirici, SO Dima, I Popescu, V Surlin, G Hundorfean, A Saftoiu
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggresive tumors, with a 20 to 25% survival rate in a resectable stage. Moreover, providing a precise resection margin ensures a better prognosis. Probe based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE), with various miniprobes available is being used as a prehistopathological tool for different types of lesions. However, in PDAC there is limited experience in imaging studies.
Drenaje de abscesos abdominales guiado por ecoendoscopia frente a drenaje percutáneo
Authors: AY Carbajo López, FJ Brunie Vegas, FJ García Alonso, R Torres Yuste, M Cimavilla Román, R Sánchez Ocaña Hernández, I Peñas Herrero, C De La Serna Higuera, GC Fernández Pérez, M Pérez-Miranda Castillo
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

El abordaje estándar de los abscesos abdominales es el drenaje percutáneo guiado por radiología. La ecoendoscopia permite el drenaje interno de abscesos abdominales, pero sólo se ha evaluado en series piloto (Tonozuka, GIE-15) y no existen estudios comparativos con el abordaje percutáneo.
Control of triple-negative breast cancer using ex vivo self-enriched, costimulated NKG2D CAR T cells
Authors: Yali Han, Wei Xie, De-Gang Song, Daniel J. Powell
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2018)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease that currently lacks effective targeted therapy. NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs) are expressed on various tumor types and immunosuppressive cells within tumor microenvironments, providing suitable targets for cancer therapy. We applied a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) approach for the targeting of NKG2DLs expressed on human TNBCs. Lentiviral vectors were used to express the extracellular domain of human NKG2D that binds various NKG2DLs, fused to signaling domains derived from T cell receptor CD3 zeta alone or with CD27 or 4-1BB (CD137) costimulatory domain. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) promoted the expansion and self-enrichment of NKG2D-redirected CAR T cells in vitro. High CD25 expression on first-generation NKG2D CAR T cells was essential for the self-enrichment effect in the presence of IL-2, but not for CARs containing CD27 or 4-1BB domains. Importantly, self-enriched NKG2D CAR T cells effectively recognized and eliminated TNBC cell lines in vitro, and adoptive transfer of T cells expressing NKG2D CARs with CD27 or 4-1BB specifically enhanced NKG2D CAR surface expression, T cell persistence, and the regression of established MDA-MB-231 TNBC in vivo. NKG2D-z CAR T cells lacking costimulatory domains were less effective, highlighting the need for costimulatory signals. These results demonstrate that CD27 or 4-1BB costimulated, self-enriched NKG2D CAR-redirected T cells mediate anti-tumor activity against TNBC tumor, which represent a promising immunotherapeutic approach to TNBC treatment.