tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A simple system for symptom assessment in pediatric palliative care patients with cancer: A preliminary report.
Authors: Kevin Madden, Maira Charone, Seyedeh Dibaj, Sarah Mills, Janet L. Williams, Diane D. Liu, Eduardo Bruera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

81 Background: Systematic symptom assessment is not a standard of care in children with cancer. Many well-known symptom assessment tools are lengthy or difficult to integrate into a daily pediatric palliative care practice. We created a series of brief and simple questions to be systematically given to children and their caregivers. The primary objective was to determine the percentage of eligible children and caregivers exposed to the questions that were able to complete the assessment. Secondary objectives included documenting the symptom burden at time of consultation, evaluating the level of agreement in symptom reporting between children and caregivers, as well as between children/caregivers and the referring medical team. Methods: A series of systematic questions were presented to all caregivers (if present) and children who were 7 years of age or older at time of initial consultation with pediatric palliative care. Results: 122 consecutive children and caregivers were given the survey. 107/108 (99%) of eligible caregivers and 83/97 (86%) of eligible children successfully completed the survey. Lack of appetite (child – 72/83, 87%; caregiver – 89/107, 83%) and pain (child – 71/83, 86%; caregiver – 86/107, 80%) were the most commonly reported symptoms. Caregivers reported irritability (p = 0.005) and nervousness (p &lt; 0.0001) more frequently than children. Referring medical teams significantly under-diagnosed psychological and other less clinically evident symptoms such as anorexia, fatigue, and insomnia (p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: Our series of questions is easy to complete by children and caregivers. Systematic symptom assessment of children with cancer needs to become a true standard of care.
Which is the optimal immunotherapy for advanced squamous non-small-cell lung cancer in combination with chemotherapy: anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1?
Authors: Yaxiong Zhang, Huaqiang Zhou, Li Zhang
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2018)

Recent randomized phase III trials (KEYNOTE-407 and IMpower131) reported that adding anti-programmed death (ligand) 1 (anti-PD-(L)1) antibodies in combination with taxane-platinum improve the therapeutic efficacy for advanced squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there is no head-to-head comparison of pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1) plus chemotherapy vs. atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) plus chemotherapy. Therefore, we performed an indirect comparison to explore the optimal choice of anti-PD-(L)1 treatment for advanced squamous NSCLC in combination with chemotherapy. The clinical outcomes were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and adverse event (AE). For overall patients, pembrolizumab had significantly superior OS (hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval, 0.67, 0.47–0.94; <i>P</i> = 0.02) and numerically better PFS (HR, 0.79, 0.60–1.04; <i>P</i> = 0.10) than atezolizumab, while they had similar ORR, all cause AE and grade 3–5 AE. For PD-L1 high patients, pembrolizumab and atezolizumab showed similar OS and PFS. However, for PD-L1 low/negative patients, pembrolizumab had superior OS (HR, 0.43, 0.24–0.76; <i>P</i> &lt; &nbsp;0.01/ HR, 0.74, 0.40–1.38; <i>P</i> = 0.35) and better PFS (HR, 0.80, 0.51–1.26; <i>P</i> = 0.33/ HR, 0.46, 0.28–0.75; <i>P</i> &lt;0.01) than atezolizumab. Our analysis raises the hypothesis that anti-PD-1 antibody therapy in combination with chemotherapy may have superior efficacy compared to anti-PD-L1 antibody combination for patients with PD-L1 low/negative advanced squamous NSCLC.
Predicting Response to Dasatinib Using a Computational Model and Its Validation: A Beat AML Project Study
Authors: Jeffrey W. Tyner, Brian J. Druker, Cristina E. Tognon, Stephen E Kurtz, Leylah M. Drusbosky, Diwyanshu Sahu, Robinson Vidva, Shweta Kapoor, Humera Azam, Rajeev Kumar, Padmagiri G Chickdipatti, Nithya T Raveendaran, Reshma P Gopi, Taher Abbasi, Shireen Vali, Christopher R. Cogle
Journal: Blood (2018)
FAK overexpression and p53 mutations positively correlate in a population-based series of breast cancer tumors.
Authors: Vita Golubovskaya, Kathleen Conway-Dorsey, Dominic Moore, Robert Millikan, William Cance
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

LB-155   FAK overexpression and p53 mutations positively correlate in a population-based series of breast cancer tumors.  Vita M. Golubovskaya, Kathleen Conway-Dorsey, Dominic Moore, Robert Millikan, William G. Cance  Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is overexpressed in a number of tumors, including breast cancers. Another marker of breast cancer tumorigenesis is tumor suppressor p53 that is frequently mutated in breast cancers. Recently, we have shown that p53 mutations and increased FAK mRNA levels positively correlate in 18 breast and colon tumors. In the present study, our aim was to find a correlation between FAK overexpression, p53 expression and mutation status in a population-based series of breast cancer tumors. Immunohistochemical analyses of FAK and p53 expression in 622 breast cancer patients revealed that FAK positive cases are two times more likely to be p53 positive [odds ratio 2; 95% confidence interval (CI). P53 positive tumors showed higher intensity of FAK staining (P
Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment
Authors: Jill Jin
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Meera Viswanathan, PhD; Jenifer Goldman Fraser, PhD, MPH; Huiling Pan, BA; Marcia Morgenlander, MD, MPH; Joni L. McKeeman, PhD; Valerie L. Forman-Hoffman, PhD, MPH; Laura C. Hart, MD, MPH; Adam J. Zolotor, MD, DrPH; Kathleen N. Lohr, PhD; Sheila Patel, BSPH; Daniel E. Jonas, MD, MPH
Fall Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Elizabeth A. Phelan, Katherine Ritchey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Falls are common among older adults. One in 3 adults aged 65 years or older and 1 in 2 adults aged 80 years or older fall each year. Interventions for prevention have been identified; however, they are often not addressed in primary care practice. Screening all older adults annually for falls can identify who will benefit from further clinical evaluation and management. Falls and the need for care from subsequent injury increase with age. They adversely affect quality of life and are a financial burden on the health care industry. As a result, risk reduction is a key focus of prevention efforts, even among very elderly persons.
Scaffold-Mediated Sustained, Non-viral Delivery of miR-219/miR-338 Promotes CNS Remyelination
Authors: Ulla Milbreta, Junquan Lin, Coline Pinese, William Ong, Jiah Shin Chin, Hitomi Shirahama, Ruifa Mi, Anna Williams, Marie E. Bechler, Jun Wang, Charles ffrench-Constant, Ahmet Hoke, Sing Yian Chew
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2018)

The loss of oligodendrocytes (OLs) and subsequently myelin sheaths following injuries or pathologies in the CNS leads to debilitating functional deficits. Unfortunately, effective methods of remyelination remain limited. Here, we present a scaffolding system that enables sustained non-viral delivery of microRNAs (miRs) to direct OL differentiation, maturation, and myelination. We show that miR-219/miR-338 promoted primary rat OL differentiation and myelination in vitro. Using spinal cord injury as a proof-of-concept, we further demonstrate that miR-219/miR-338 could also be delivered non-virally in vivo using an aligned fiber-hydrogel scaffold to enhance remyelination after a hemi-incision injury at C5 level of Sprague-Dawley rats. Specifically, miR-219/miR-338 mimics were incorporated as complexes with the carrier, TransIT-TKO (TKO), together with neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) within hybrid scaffolds that comprised poly(caprolactone-co-ethyl ethylene phosphate) (PCLEEP)-aligned fibers and collagen hydrogel. After 1, 2, and 4 weeks post-treatment, animals that received NT-3 and miR-219/miR-338 treatment preserved a higher number of Olig2+ oligodendroglial lineage cells as compared with those treated with NT-3 and negative scrambled miRs (Neg miRs; p < 0.001). Additionally, miR-219/miR-338 increased the rate and extent of differentiation of OLs. At the host-implant interface, more compact myelin sheaths were observed when animals received miR-219/miR-338. Similarly within the scaffolds, miR-219/miR-338 samples contained significantly more myelin basic protein (MBP) signals (p < 0.01) and higher myelination index (p < 0.05) than Neg miR samples. These findings highlight the potential of this platform to promote remyelination within the CNS.
Efficacy of Prolonged Exposure Therapy, Sertraline Hydrochloride, and Their Combination Among Combat Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Sheila A. M. Rauch, H. Myra Kim, Corey Powell, Peter W. Tuerk, Naomi M. Simon, Ron Acierno, Carolyn B. Allard, Sonya B. Norman, Margaret R. Venners, Barbara O. Rothbaum, Murray B. Stein, Katherine Porter, Brian Martis, Anthony P. King, Israel Liberzon, K. Luan Phan, Charles W. Hoge
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2018)

Meta-analyses of treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggest that trauma-focused psychotherapies produce greater benefits than antidepressant medications alone.To determine the relative efficacy of prolonged exposure therapy plus placebo, prolonged exposure therapy plus sertraline hydrochloride, and sertraline plus enhanced medication management in the treatment of PTSD.The Prolonged Exposure and Sertraline Trial was a randomized, multisite, 24-week clinical trial conducted at the Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Massachusetts General Hospital Home Base Veterans Program between January 26, 2012, and May 9, 2016. Participants and clinicians were blinded to pill condition, and outcome evaluators were blinded to assignment. Participants completed assessments at weeks 0 (intake), 6, 12, 24, and 52 (follow-up). Participants (N = 223) were service members or veterans of the Iraq and/or Afghanistan wars with combat-related PTSD and significant impairment (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale score, ≥50) of at least 3 months' duration. Analyses were on an intent-to-treat basis.Participants completed up to thirteen 90-minute sessions of prolonged exposure therapy by week 24. Sertraline dosage was titrated during a 10-week period and continued until week 24; medication management was manualized.The primary outcome was symptom severity of PTSD in the past month as assessed by the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale score at week 24.Of 223 randomized participants, 149 completed the study at 24 weeks, and 207 (180 men and 27 women; mean [SD] age, 34.5 [8.3 years]) were included in the intent-to-treat analysis. Modified intent-to-treat analysis using a mixed model of repeated measures showed that PTSD symptoms decreased significantly during the 24 weeks (sertraline plus enhanced medication management, 33.8 points; prolonged exposure therapy plus sertraline, 32.7 points; and prolonged exposure therapy plus placebo, 29.4 points; β,-9.39; 95% CI, -11.62 to -7.16; P < .001); however, slopes did not differ by treatment group (prolonged exposure therapy plus placebo group, -9.39; sertraline plus enhanced medication management group, -10.37; and prolonged exposure therapy plus sertraline group, -9.99; P = .81).No difference in change in PTSD symptoms or symptom severity at 24 weeks was found between sertraline plus enhanced medication management, prolonged exposure therapy plus placebo, and prolonged exposure therapy plus sertraline.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01524133.
What should GPs stop doing?
Authors: Helen Salisbury
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following What should GPs stop doing? Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Use of a pre-vascularised oral mucosal cell sheet for promoting cutaneous burn wound healing
Authors: Jaewang Lee, Daiha Shin, Jong-Lyel Roh
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Pre-vascularised cell sheets have been used to promote early angiogenesis and graft survival.However, the use of pre-vascularised mucosal cell sheets for burn wounds has been rarely evaluated.Therefore, we examined the applicability of an oral pre-vascularised mucosal cell sheet that we had previously developed for the treatment of cutaneous burn wounds.Methods: Mucosal keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial progenitor cells were isolated from the oral mucosa and peripheral blood and were expanded in vitro.Mucosal cell sheets were generated by seeding cultured keratinocytes onto a mixture of fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and fibrin.Third-degree burn wounds were created on the backs of rats and were covered with the cell sheets, skin grafts, or silastic sheets as a control.Gross and microscopic findings and gene expression profiles of wounds were compared among the groups.Results: CD31-positive microvessels were observed in the fibrin-matrix layer of the cell sheet.In the cutaneous burn wound model, the cell sheets promoted wound healing, with accelerated wound closure and less scarring than with silastic sheets and skin grafts.The cell sheets had more microvessels and proliferating cells and less neutrophil infiltration and fibrotic features than the controls or skin grafts.The cell sheet induced higher mRNA expression of KRT14, VEGFA, IL10, and AQP3 and lower mRNA expression of TGFB1, IL6, ICAM1, ACTA2, and FN1 than did the controls or skin grafts.Conclusions: The pre-vascularised mucosal cell sheet promotes cutaneous burn wound healing.
Substantial impact on precancerous lesions and HPV infections through 5.5 years in women vaccinated with the HPV-16/18 L1 VLP AS04 candidate vaccine
Authors: Stanley Gall, Julio Teixeira, Cosette Wheeler, Paulo Naud, Diane Harper, Eduardo Franco, Wim Quint, Toufik Zahaf, Anne Schuind, David Jenkins
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

4900  Objectives:  We have previously shown in a primary efficacy study [580299/001] and its extended follow-up phase (EFU) [580299/007] that the HPV-16/18 L1 VLP AS04 candidate vaccine is immunogenic and provides protection up to 4.5 years against HPV-16/18 incident and persistent infections and associated cytohistological outcomes (1;2). Furthermore, we have shown preliminary evidence of cross-protection against incident infections with oncogenic HPV types 31 and 45, which are not included in the vaccine (1). We report a second interim analysis of the EFU now up to 5.5 years evaluating long-term immunogenicity, vaccine efficacy, and safety.  Methods:  In the primary efficacy study 1113 women 15-25 years of age in North America and Brazil were randomized to receive 3 doses of HPV vaccine or control (Al[OH]3) on a 0, 1, 6 month schedule and evaluated for up to 27 months. During the EFU phase, 776 original participants who were seronegative for HPV-16 and HPV-18, and DNA negative for 14 high risk HPV types at entry into the primary study, were followed. HPV-16/18 antibody titers were assessed by ELISA. Cervical samples were collected at 6-month intervals and tested for HPV using PCR methods. Cytology was performed annually with colposcopy and biopsy performed according to a management algorithm.  Results:  During the EFU phase (following the primary efficacy study), ≥98% HPV-16 and HPV-18 seropositivity was maintained and substantial vaccine efficacy (VE, 95% CI) was observed against HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 end points: incident infection (98%, 89-100), 6-month persistent infection (100%, 81-100), 12-month persistent infection (100%, 54-100), and ASCUS or worse cytology (100%, 85-100). In a pooled analysis of the primary study and the EFU phase (a total of 5.5 years of follow-up), VE was 100% (62-100) against HPV-16/18 associated CIN1+ (0 vs 11 cases) and 100% (33-100) against CIN2+ (0 vs 7 cases). VE was 68% (7-91) against CIN2+ lesions independent of HPV status (5 vs 15 cases). Furthermore, we continue to observe substantial cross-protection against incident infection with non-vaccine oncogenic types HPV-45 and HPV-31. Safety data were comparable in both vaccine and placebo groups.  Conclusions:  Effective cervical cancer prevention through prophylactic HPV vaccination will be dependent on long-term and broad protection against cancer-causing HPV types. Our findings provide evidence that the HPV-16/18 L1 VLP AS04 vaccine candidate is highly efficacious against HPV-16/18 up to 5.5 years, prevents most CIN2+ lesions irrespective of HPV status, and also shows continued cross-protection against HPV-45 and HPV-31 incident infections.  (1) Harper et al. Lancet. 2006;367:1247-55.  (2) Harper et al. Lancet. 2004;364:1757-65.
Combined obeticholic acid and apoptosis inhibitor treatment alleviates liver fibrosis
Authors: Jiyu Zhou, Ningning Huang, Yitong Guo, Shuang Cui, Chaoliang Ge, Qingxian He, Xiaojie Pan, Guangji Wang, Hong Wang, Haiping Hao
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2018)

Obeticholic acid (OCA), the first FXR-targeting drug, has been claimed effective in the therapy of liver fibrosis. However, recent clinical trials indicated that OCA might not be effective against liver fibrosis, possibly due to the lower dosage to reduce the incidence of the side-effect of pruritus. Here we propose a combinatory therapeutic strategy of OCA and apoptosis inhibitor for combating against liver fibrosis. CCl
Pembrolizumab versus methotrexate, docetaxel, or cetuximab for recurrent or metastatic head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (KEYNOTE-040): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study
Authors: Ezra E W Cohen, Denis Soulières, Christophe Le Tourneau, José Dinis, Lisa Licitra, Myung-Ju Ahn, Ainara Soria, Jean-Pascal Machiels, Nicolas Mach, Ranee Mehra, Barbara Burtness, Pingye Zhang, Jonathan Cheng, Ramona F Swaby, Kevin J Harrington, Mirelis Acosta-Rivera, Douglas R. Adkins, Morteza Aghmesheh, Myung-Ju Ahn, Mario Airoldi, Eduardas Aleknavicius, Yousuf Al-Farhat, Alain P. Algazi, Salah Almokadem, Anna Alyasova, Jessica R. Bauman, Marco Benasso, Alfonso Berrocal, Victoria Bray, Barbara Ann Burtness, Francesco Caponigro, Ana Castro, Terrence P. Cescon, Kelvin Chan, Arvind Chaudhry, Bruno Chauffert, Ezra Cohen, Tibor Csoszi, J.P. De Boer, Jean-Pierre Delord, Andreas Dietz, Jose Dinis, Charlotte Dupuis, Laurence Digue, Jozsef Erfan, Yolanda Escobar Alvarez, Mererid Evans, Mary Jo Fidler, Martin David Forster, Signe Friesland, Apar K. Ganti, Lionnel Geoffrois, Cliona Grant, Viktor Gruenwald, Kevin Harrington, Thomas Hoffmann, Geza Horvai, Arturas Inciura, Raymond Jang, Petra Jankowska, Antonio Jimeno, Mano Joseph, Alejandro Juarez Ramiro, Boguslawa Karaszewska, Andrzej Kawecki, Ulrich Keilholz, Ulrich Keller, Sung-Bae Kim, Judit Kocsis, Nuria Kotecki, Mark F. Kozloff, Julio Lambea, Laszlo Landherr, Yuri Lantsukhay, Sergey Alexandrovich Lazarev, Lip Way Lee, Christophe Le Tourneau, Lisa Licitra, Igor Dmitrievich Lifirenko, Nicolas Mach, Danko Martincic, Oleg Vladmirovhich Matorin, Margaret McGrath, Jean-Pascal Machiels, Ranee Mehra, Krzysztof Misiukiewicz, John C. Morris, Fagim Fanisovich Mufazalov, Jiaxin Niu, Devraj Pamoorthy Srinivasan, Pedro Perez Segura, Daniel Rauch, Maria Leonor Ribeiro, Cristina Rodriguez, Frederic Rolland, Antonio Russo, Agnes Ruzsa, Frederico Sanches, Sang-Won Shin, Mikhail Shtiveland, Denis Soulieres, Ainara Soria, Pol Specenier, Eva Szekanecz, Judit Szota, Carla M.L. van Herpen, Hector A. Velez-Cortes, William V. Walsh, Stefan Wilop, Ralph Winterhalder, Marek Wojtukiewicz, Deborah Wong, Dan Zandberg
Journal: The Lancet (2018)
Poor Sleep in Hospitalized Patients: Are Hospital-Related Factors at Fault?
Authors: Nicole Quah Qin Xian, Wan Wei Ang, Shanxi A. Jen
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Annals Story Slam - White Lies
Authors: Camilla Wong
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Web Exclusives4 December 2018Annals Story Slam - White LiesFREECamilla Wong, MD, MHScCamilla Wong, MD, MHScUniversity of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (C.W.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/W18-0034 SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Video. Annals Story Slam - White Lies "White Lies," by Camilla Wong, MD, MHSc (Duration 5:36)Building on the popular Annals feature “On Being a Doctor,” storytellers share stories about the experience of doctoring on video.For more videos from and information on Annals Story Slam, visit go.annals.org/StorySlam. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (C.W.)Current Author Address: Camilla Wong, MD, MHSc; e-mail, camilla.[email protected]utoronto.ca. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 4 December 2018Volume 169, Issue 11Page: SS1 ePublished: 4 December 2018 Issue Published: 4 December 2018 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2018 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Abstract 19651: Mass Cytometry and Single Cell RNA-sequencing Descramble Phenotypical and Transcriptional Leukocyte Heterogeneity in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Holger Winkels, Erik Ehinger, Melanie Vassallo, Klaus Ley, Dennis Wolf
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Objective: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes leukocyte-rich plaques in the intimal layer of arteries. Its development depends on the interplay of pro- and anti-inflammat...