tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PP50. STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY AS PALLIATION FOR CEREBRAL METASTASES – A TERTIARY CENTRE EXPERIENCE
Authors: Dr Anila Patibandla
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

BACKGROUND: Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) is a highly conformal technique allowing a high dose of radiation to be delivered to a target lesion but the rapid fall-off in dose spares surrounding tissues. This results in a high degree of local control with low risk of side effects. In selected patients with oligometastatic disease, SRS can be a good alternative to Whole Brain Radiotherapy (WBRT) for palliation. Our centre’s policy for oligometastatic disease is to offer patients SRS (or post-operative SRS) for local control as an alternative to WBRT; no patients routinely receive this as adjuvant after SRS. AIM: To review 2 year outcomes of the SRS service for oligometastatic disease at BWoSCC and compare with local outcomes for WBRT to ensure selection criteria are robust and appropriate patients are being treated with SRS. METHODS: Electronic records were retrospectively reviewed for all patients who had SRS for 1–3 cerebral metastases from August 2012 to July 2014. Local data for WBRT has been previously accrued in similar fashion for the whole of 2012. RESULTS: With SRS, a total of 68 lesions were treated in 50 patients; 34 patients had a solitary metastasis. 80% presented with neurological symptoms, 76% with metachronous tumours. The median age was 60 years (39–84). 70% of lesions were less than 2cm in maximum diameter; 20% received radiosurgery to the resection bed following surgery. The marginal tumour dose ranged from 14- 25 Gy (lower doses used post-resection). There were few documented side effects (seizure 8%, radionecrosis 4%). 70% had radiological response of stable disease or partial response on MRI 6 weeks post treatment (follow-up thereafter was clinical). With a median follow up of 36 months, the median overall survival (OS) of patients with SRS was 8.5 months (1–43); 9 patients remain alive 20–39 months post-treatment. Previously collected data for the centre’s WBRT shows median survival of 2.92 months (2.22–3.63), 174 patients treated in 2012, median age 60 (24–86). Delivered dose was 20Gy in 5 fractions (20/5) in 85% (other regimens included 30/10, 20/4, 12/2). Common primary sites in both groups were Lung, Renal, Colorectal & Breast. CONCLUSION: SRS provides a low morbidity, effective palliative approach for selected patients with oligometastatic brain disease. The difference in OS between the groups suggests our selection methods are robust, though the observed range in the SRS group of 1–43 months demonstrates the uncertainties in outcome in intracerebral metastatic disease
Anaesthetist who possessed child and animal pornography is struck off
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2017)

An anaesthetist who lived a “double life,” performing charity work in Ethiopia with his church but downloading thousands of child pornography images in his spare time, has been struck off by a medical practitioners tribunal.

Emil Guirguis, 59, who qualified in Cairo and worked as an associate specialist anaesthetist at Royal Stoke University Hospital since 1995, was convicted last October of three counts of possessing and three of making an indecent photograph or pseudophotograph of a child, and one count of possession of pornographic images, depicting an “act of intercourse/oral sex with a dead/live animal.”

He was given a three year community sentence, a sexual harm prevention order, and a …
Abstract P3-12-04: Is 6 hour monitoring for administration related reactions after first administration of subcutaneous trastuzumab necessary? A single institution audit
Authors: S Karmali, N Hughes, R Galiauskas, J Cook, K Murphy, BR Bird, CG Murphy
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Background: Subcutaneous (sc) trastuzumab has demonstrated non-inferiority to intravenous (iv) trastuzumab and is preferred by patients and providers. Serious administration related reactions (ARRs) such as hypotension, respiratory distress etc. were not reported in the pivotal HannaH study. However, the summary of product characteristics (SPC) advises that patients should be observed for ARRs for 6 hours post the first injection (and 2 hours post subsequent injections), similar to the iv formulation. Methods: We conducted an audit of patients commencing sc trastuzumab at our institution. Medical notes of each patient were reviewed to record adverse events reported on the day of first administration or at the subsequent visit. In addition all patients were interviewed by telephone and questioned regarding adverse events with first or subsequent injections. Results: 39 patients were identified, 32 had received prior iv trastuzumab. Patients received a mean of 12 injections. In total patients received 470 sc trastuzumab injections, associated with a recommended 1,096 hours of observation as per SPC. 3 injections (0.6%) were associated with ARRs within 24 hours, all on the first cycle. 2 patients (5%) experienced injection site reactions immediately post injection and 1 patient had injection site pain during the injection. 1 patient experienced pyrexia and dry cough 24 hours post injection and was hospitalized for respiratory tract infection. No patient experienced a reaction between 2 and 6 hours post first injection. There were no serious ARRs. Conclusions: ARRs related to sc trastuzumab are usually immediate, mild and self-limiting. Observing patients for 6 hours post first injection and 2 hours post subsequent injections represents an inefficient use of healthcare resources. Citation Format: Karmali S, Hughes N, Galiauskas R, Cook J, Murphy K, Bird BR, Murphy CG. Is 6 hour monitoring for administration related reactions after first administration of subcutaneous trastuzumab necessary? A single institution audit [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-12-04.
Annals Graphic Medicine - Something Strange
Authors: Lucia Briatore, Ilaria Pozzi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Web Exclusives7 March 2017Annals Graphic Medicine - Something StrangeFREELucia Briatore, MD, PhD and Ilaria PozziLucia Briatore, MD, PhDSearch for more papers by this author and Ilaria PozziSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G16-0026 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Download figure Download PowerPoint Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G16-0026.Author/Illustrator Information: Lucia Briatore, MD, PhD, is an internist and diabetologist working in Pietra Ligure, Savona, Italy. Ilaria Pozzi is a freelance illustrator in Savona, Italy.Corresponding Author: Lucia Briatore, MD, PhD, ASL 2 Savonese, via XXV Aprile, Pietra Ligure 17027, Italy; e-mail, [email protected]com.Author Contributions: Conception and design: L. Briatore, I. Pozzi.Drafting of the article: I. Pozzi.Final approval of the article: L. Briatore, I. Pozzi.Written by Lucia Briatore, MD, PhD, and illustrated by Ilaria Pozzi. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 7 March 2017Volume 166, Issue 5Page: W5-W6KeywordsDisclosureHealth care ePublished: 7 March 2017 Issue Published: 7 March 2017 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2017 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition by SU5614 Fails To Eradicate Leukemic Stem Cells in FLT3-ITD+ Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Role of the Microenvironment.
Authors: Katharina S. Götze, Sally Rushton, Stefanie Marz, Sabine Kayser, Konstanze Dohner, Christian Peschel, Robert Oostendorp
Journal: Blood (2007)
Lenalidomide Maintenance Significantly Improves Survival Figures in Patients with Relapsed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (rDLBCL) Who Are Not Eligible for Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT): Final Results of a Multicentre Phase II Trial
Authors: Andrés J.M. Ferreri, Marianna Sassone, Francesco Zaja, Alessandro Re, Michele Spina, Alice Di Rocco, Alberto Fabbri, Caterina Stelitano, Maurizio Frezzato, Chiara Rusconi, Renato Zambello, Suzana Couto, Yan Ren, Annalisa Arcari, Giovanni Bertoldero, Lucilla Tedeschi, Francesca Re, Lydia Scarfo, Teresa Calimeri, Caterina Cecchetti, Marianna Chiozzotto, Silvia Govi, Maurilio Ponzoni
Journal: Blood (2016)
Review: Long-term dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after PCI is no better than short-term DAPT, even with diabetes
Authors: Richard G. Bach
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Source Citation Gargiulo G, Windecker S, da Costa BR, et al. Short term versus long term dual antiplatelet therapy after implantation of drug eluting stent in patients with or without diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials. BMJ. 2016;355:i5483. 27811064
The Prognostic Importance of Pre and Post Dendritic Cells in Autologous Transplantation for Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma.
Authors: Brian J. Bolwell, Brad Pohlman, Steve Andresen, Sheila Serafino, Ronald Sobecks, Elizabeth Kuczkowski, Julie Curtis, Lisa Rybicki, Jarek Maciejewski, Janet Baker, Kelly Cherni, Laura Bernhard, Matt Kalaycio, Eric Hsi, Karl Theil
Journal: Blood (2004)
Gene Networks and Canonical Pathways Analysis in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Priscilla Brito Silva, Juliana Monte Real, Otavio C. G. Baiocchi, Gustavo Henrique Esteves, Joao Garibaldi Junior, Fabio Nascimento Brito, Adriana M. Damasco Penna, Egyla Cavalcante, Ludmila Rodrigues Pinto Ferreira
Journal: Blood (2016)
Whole-Genome Analysis of the Chromatin Structure in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Marta Kulis, Raquel Ordoñez, Nuria Russiñol, Renée Beekman, Núria Verdaguer-Dot, Teresa Ezponda, Arantxa Carrasco, Joost H.A. Martens, Hendrik G. Stunnenberg, Bruno Paiva, Jesus San Miguel, Elias Campo, Felipe Prosper, Xabier Agirre, José I. Martin-Subero
Journal: Blood (2016)
Molecular Heterogeneity in Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Not Otherwise Specified Revealed By Comprehensive Mutational Profiling
Authors: Yosaku Watatani, Yasuharu Sato, Kenji Nishida, Hiroaki Miyoshi, Yuichi Shiraishi, Kenichi Chiba, Tanaka Hiroko, Hiroo Ueno, Nobuyuki Kakiuchi, Yusuke Shiozawa, Tetsuichi Yoshizato, Kenichi Yoshida, Masashi Sanada, Satoru Miyano, Koichi Ohshima, Tadashi Yoshino, Seishi Ogawa, Keisuke Kataoka
Journal: Blood (2016)
Group B streptococcal colonization and transmission dynamics in pregnant women and their newborns in Nigeria: implications for prevention strategies
Authors: N. Medugu, K.C. Iregbu, R.E. Parker, J. Plemmons, P. Singh, L.I. Audu, E. Efetie, H.D. Davies, S.D. Manning
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2017)

Because few studies have been conducted on group B Streptococcus (GBS) in Nigeria, we sought to estimate GBS colonization and transmission frequencies for 500 women and their newborns and identify risk factors for both outcomes.GBS strains were characterized for antibiotic susceptibilities, capsule (cps) genotype, pilus island profile and multilocus sequence type (ST).In all, 171 (34.2%) mothers and 95 (19.0%) of their newborns were colonized with GBS; the vertical transmission rate was 48.5%. One newborn developed early-onset disease, yielding an incidence of 2.0 cases per 1000 live births (95% CI 0.50-7.30). Rectal maternal colonization (OR 26.6; 95% CI 13.69-51.58) and prolonged rupture of membranes (OR 4.2; 95% CI 1.03-17.17) were associated with neonatal colonization, whereas prolonged membrane rupture (OR 3.4; 95% CI 1.04-11.39) and young maternal age (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.22-3.39) were associated with maternal colonization. Women reporting four or more intrapartum vaginal examinations (OR 6.1; 95% CI 3.41-10.93) and douching (OR 3.7; 95% CI 2.26-6.11) were also more likely to be colonized. Twelve STs were identified among 35 mother-baby pairs with evidence of transmission; strains of cpsV ST-19 (n = 9; 25.7%) and cpsIII ST-182 (n = 7; 20.0%) predominated.These data demonstrate high rates of colonization and transmission in a population that does not use antibiotics to prevent neonatal infections, a strategy that should be considered in the future.
Cabozantinib Eradicates Advanced Murine Prostate Cancer by Activating Antitumor Innate Immunity
Authors: Akash Patnaik, Kenneth D. Swanson, Eva Csizmadia, Aniruddh Solanki, Natalie Landon-Brace, Marina P. Gehring, Katja Helenius, Brian M. Olson, Athalia R. Pyzer, Lily C. Wang, Olivier Elemento, Jesse Novak, Thomas B. Thornley, John M. Asara, Laleh Montaser, Joshua J. Timmons, Todd M. Morgan, Yugang Wang, Elena Levantini, John G. Clohessy, Kathleen Kelly, Pier Paolo Pandolfi, Jacalyn M. Rosenblatt, David E. Avigan, Huihui Ye, Jeffrey M. Karp, Sabina Signoretti, Steven P. Balk, Lewis C. Cantley
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2017)

Several kinase inhibitors that target aberrant signaling pathways in tumor cells have been deployed in cancer therapy. However, their impact on the tumor immune microenvironment remains poorly understood. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor cabozantinib showed striking responses in cancer clinical trial patients across several malignancies. Here, we show that cabozantinib rapidly eradicates invasive, poorly differentiated PTEN/p53-deficient murine prostate cancer. This was associated with enhanced release of neutrophil chemotactic factors from tumor cells, including CXCL12 and HMGB1, resulting in robust infiltration of neutrophils into the tumor. Critically, cabozantinib-induced tumor clearance in mice was abolished by antibody-mediated granulocyte depletion or HMGB1 neutralization or blockade of neutrophil chemotaxis with the CXCR4 inhibitor plerixafor. Collectively, these data demonstrate that cabozantinib triggers a neutrophil-mediated anticancer innate immune response, resulting in tumor clearance.
Afghan government forces have attacked medical facilities, report says
Authors: Sophie Cousins
Journal: BMJ (2017)

More than 240 attacks on medical facilities across Afghanistan have occurred in the past two years, a new report has found.

Afghan government forces, the Taliban, and other parties in the country’s ongoing conflict were responsible for attacks that have temporarily or permanently closed medical facilities, have looted medical supplies, and threatened, detained, and killed medical personnel, says the report, published by Watchlist on Children and Armed Conflict, a network that works to protect the rights of children.1

For the first time Watchlist has called on the United Nations …
Abstract A37: ‘Touch-and-go' behavior of cancer cells in spatially-confined, fiber-like microenvironments
Authors: Daniel Milano, Senthil Muthuswamy, Anand Asthagiri
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract In a crowded, fibrillar tumor microenvironment (TMEN), invading cancer cells encounter and interact with many other cells and cell types. Whether cancer cells stop migrating or reverse direction at every encounter with another cell, or circumnavigate and slide around the encounter, will affect the efficiency of the invasion process. We find that breast cancer cells migrating along fiber-like micropatterns (FLMs) respond differently to cell-cell encounters than what is expected based on the classically-established phenotype of contact-inhibition of locomotion (CIL). Cancer cells are remarkable efficient at sliding around other cancer cells, even along FLMs much narrower than their own cell body. In contrast, non-transformed breast epithelial cells reverse direction upon encountering other normal cells. Differences in cell size fail to predict these outcomes. Interestingly, the participation of normal cells in invasive sliding behavior increases when interacting with a cancer cell rather than another a normal cell. This induction of cancer-like behavior in normal cells suggests that heterotypic interactions between disparate cell types in the TMEN may produce synergistic, disease-promoting collective behaviors. Furthermore, using a series of individual and combinatorial genetic perturbations, we show that genetic factors (ErbB2, E-cadherin, PARD3, TGFbeta) quantitatively shift the ability of normal cells to slide. Specifically, successive genetic perturbations enable normal cells to slide on progressively narrower FLMs. These results suggest that as fibers align and mature during cancer progression, coincident genetic perturbations enable cells to take advantage of the widening fibrillar tracks to execute slides and achieve more efficient dispersion in a crowded microenvironment. Citation Format: Daniel Milano, Senthil Muthuswamy, Anand Asthagiri. ‘Touch-and-go' behavior of cancer cells in spatially-confined, fiber-like microenvironments. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Engineering and Physical Sciences in Oncology; 2016 Jun 25-28; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A37.
Uncommon extrahepatic metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Luigia Florimonte, Massimo Iavarone, Massimo Castellani, Mariagiulia Longo, Francesco Pallotti, Lorenzo Maffioli, Eva Orunesu, Riccardo Benti
Journal: Hepatology (2017)

Florimonte, Luigia; Iavarone, Massimo; Castellani, Massimo; Longo, Mariagiulia; Pallotti, Francesco; Maffioli, Lorenzo; Orunesu, Eva; Benti, Riccardo Author Information
Impaired Platelet Production and Autoantibody-Mediated Platelet Destruction Are Two Major Causes for Prolonged Thrombocytopenia after Allogeneic HSCT.
Authors: Rie Yamazaki, Masataka Kuwana, Yuka Okazaki, Yutaka Kawakami, Yasuo Ikeda, Shinichiro Okamoto
Journal: Blood (2004)
Flow Cytometry Evaluation of Erythroid Dysplasia in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome.
Authors: Matteo G. Della Porta, Luca Malcovati, Erica Travaglino, Rosangela Invernizzi, Mario Lazzarino, Sonia Levi, Paolo Arosio, Mario Cazzola
Journal: Blood (2004)
Dietary patterns, foods and nutrients in male fertility parameters and fecundability: a systematic review of observational studies
Authors: Albert Salas-Huetos, Mònica Bulló, Jordi Salas-Salvadó
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2017)

Infertility is a global public health issue, affecting 15% of all couples of reproductive age. Male factors, including decreased semen quality, are responsible for ~25% of these cases. The dietary pattern, the components of the diet and nutrients have been studied as possible determinants of sperm function and/or fertility. Previous systematic reviews have been made of the few heterogeneous low-quality randomized clinical trials (RCTs) conducted in small samples of participants and investigating the effect of specific nutrients and nutritional supplements on male infertility. However, as yet there has been no systematic review of observational studies. A comprehensive systematic review was made of the published literature, from the earliest available online indexing year to November 2016, in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. We have included cross-sectional, case-control and prospective and retrospective studies in which fertile/infertile men were well defined (men with sperm disorders, sperm DNA damage, varicocele or idiopathic infertility). The primary outcomes were semen quality or fecundability. With the data extracted, we evaluated and scored the quality of the studies selected. We excluded RCTs, animal studies, review articles and low-quality studies. A total of 1944 articles were identified, of which 35 were selected for qualitative analysis. Generally, the results indicated that healthy diets rich in some nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids, some antioxidants (vitamin E, vitamin C, β-carotene, selenium, zinc, cryptoxanthin and lycopene), other vitamins (vitamin D and folate) and low in saturated fatty acids and trans-fatty acids were inversely associated with low semen quality parameters. Fish, shellfish and seafood, poultry, cereals, vegetables and fruits, low-fat dairy and skimmed milk were positively associated with several sperm quality parameters. However, diets rich in processed meat, soy foods, potatoes, full-fat dairy and total dairy products, cheese, coffee, alcohol, sugar-sweetened beverages and sweets have been detrimentally associated with the quality of semen in some studies. As far as fecundability is concerned, a high intake of alcohol, caffeine and red meat and processed meat by males has a negative influence on the chance of pregnancy or fertilization rates in their partners. Male adherence to a healthy diet could improve semen quality and fecundability rates. Since observational studies may prove associations but not causation, the associations summarized in the present review need to be confirmed with large prospective cohort studies and especially with well-designed RCTs.
Abstract A20: Use of cell-free plasma DNA for dynamic monitoring of response to cytotoxic chemotherapy
Authors: Daniel Ruderman, Katherin Patsch, Naim Matasci, Anjana Soundararajan, Patricia Diaz, Mitchell E. Gross
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Background: There is great interest in utilizing blood-based circulating biomarkers to gain molecular insight into cancer. Most of the published data examines circulating free DNA (cfDNA) obtained at a single time-point. Here, we developed and utilized an methodology for monitoring cfDNA at multiple time-points within 24 hours of cytotoxic chemotherapy infusions over sequential cycles. Methods: To monitor the short- and long-term responses to treatment, we analyzed cfDNA from plasma drawn immediately before (baseline), 5 hours and 24 hours after administration of docetaxel chemotherapy. We quantified the extracted cfDNA via qPCR of Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE1). We then amplified and performed targeted deep sequencing (Illumina Miseq) of androgen receptor (AR) exon 8. To reduce PCR variability, we pooled 10 technical replicate amplifications. Results: Detailed data and time courses are presented for a patient with castrate resistant prostate cancer metastatic to bone treated with docetaxel/everolimus/bevacizumab according to a recently published trial (J Clin Oncol 33, 2015 suppl; abstr 5066). LINE1 was measured at 34.4 pg/mcl at baseline prior to treatment. Targeted deep sequencing of AR exon 8 revealed two independent mutations at 11% (H874A) and 13% (T877A), respectively. 5 hours after start of docetaxel infusion, total DNA content measured by LINE1 decreased to 0.4 pg/mcl. However, H874A and T877A mutations were observed at frequencies similar to the baseline values. A similar pattern was observed for samples obtained at Cycle 2 (21 days later). Specifically, baseline values for LINE1 (67.4 pg/mcl), H874A (3%), and T877A (7%) were noted to change to LINE1 (8.5 pg/mcl), H874A (6%), and T877A (17%) 5 hours later. Conclusion: We conclude that cytotoxic chemotherapy can produce effects immediately observable on cfDNA markers. The generalizability and clinical relevance of these findings will require follow up studies involving more patients. Citation Format: Daniel Ruderman, Katherin Patsch, Naim Matasci, Anjana Soundararajan, Patricia Diaz, Mitchell E. Gross. Use of cell-free plasma DNA for dynamic monitoring of response to cytotoxic chemotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Engineering and Physical Sciences in Oncology; 2016 Jun 25-28; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A20.