tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The caregiver perspective: Advancing the understanding of cancer caregiving in the palliative care setting.
Authors: Martha Raymond, Margaret-Ann Simonetta
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

17 Background: 2018 data from the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology &amp; End Results (SEER) Program estimates there are 15.5 million cancer survivors in the U.S. Throughout the care continuum, cancer caregivers provide invaluable support which greatly impacts and improves patient quality of life. In the palliative care setting caregiver support is vitally important, but many caregivers struggle to take care of their own needs and are not aware of supportive services. Our study explores the unmet needs of cancer caregivers in the palliative care setting. Methods: Over a two-year time period (2015-2017), our professional facilitator met with cancer caregivers in 32 states hosting nationwide focus groups. Primary goals were reaching caregivers in rural, urban, medically underserved, and community oncology settings to gain perspective from diverse populations. Focus groups were held in person and online via facetime conferencing. Results: 778 caregivers (42% male, 58% female) participated. 92% of caregivers did not feel comfortable defining palliative care nor did they realize the various supportive elements palliative care provides. 76% were extremely anxious during care transitions; 71% feel overwhelmed with daily caregiving tasks; 69% want to help make end of life decisions including advance directives in partnership with their loved one, but did not feel equipped to make tough decisions; 64% report lack of patient/caregiver centered communication with their healthcare team, including guidance on adverse effects and training for medical hands-on tasks. Conclusions: Caregivers in the palliative care setting need additional supportive services, effective interventions, and educational programs to meet their unmet needs. With additional support and awareness, enhanced quality of life for both caregiver and patient is possible. Our conversations with caregivers will continue as we increase palliative care awareness, collaborate with partners, develop meaningful programs, and expand our outreach to help meet the needs of caregivers in the palliative care setting.
Abstract 17655: Psoas Muscle Area and Body Mass Index Are Associated With Long-Term All-Cause Mortality After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Borek Foldyna, Fabian M Troschel, Daniel Addison, Florian J Fintelmann, Sammy Elmariah, Deborah Furman, Brian Ghoshhajra, Michael T Lu, Udo Hoffmann, Ravi Shah
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Measures of sarcopenia and obesity, like the computed tomography (CT)-derived psoas muscle area (PMA) and body mass index (BMI), are related to short-term survival after transcatheter...
Management of Sepsis in Patients With Cirrhosis: Current Evidence and Practical Approach
Authors: Douglas A. Simonetto, Laura Piccolo Serafim, Alice Gallo de Moraes, Ognjen Gajic, Patrick S. Kamath
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Sepsis in patients with cirrhosis is associated with high mortality. An impaired immune response accounts for the increased infection risk observed in these patients. Hemodynamic and systemic changes suggestive of sepsis may be observed in patients with cirrhosis in the absence of infection; therefore, diagnosis and treatment of sepsis may be delayed. The optimal management of the critically ill patient with sepsis and cirrhosis has not been well established and is generally extrapolated from consensus guidelines and expert recommendations made for management of patients without cirrhosis with sepsis. Despite the lack of strong evidence, we propose a contemporary pragmatic approach to sepsis management in patients with cirrhosis, including the choice of fluids, vasopressors, and antibiotics.
Abstract 12647: Race and Gender Differences in Post-Myocardial Infarction Angina Frequency and Rehospitalization Risk
Authors: Connie N Hess, Lisa A McCoy, Jacob Doll, David J Cohen, Eric D Peterson, Tracy Y Wang
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Race and gender disparities in in-hospital treatment and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients have been described, yet little is known about race and gender differences in post-MI angina frequency and rehospitalization risk. Methods: Among 11,595 MI patients treated with PCI during the index hospitalization who survived the first year post-discharge in the TRANSLATE-ACS study (2010–2012), we examined 6-week and 1-year angina frequency stratified by race and gender. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess factors associated with 1-year unplanned rehospitalization and assessed for interactions between angina status, race, and gender. Results: Among 11,595 patients, there were 7,726 (66.6%) white males, 2,816 (24.3%) white females, 616 (5.3%) black males, and 437 (3.8%) black females. Comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes, and heart failure, were most prevalent among black females, followed by black males, white females, and white males. Compared with white patients, black patients were significantly less likely to be angina-free at 6 weeks (female: 48.7% vs. 59.8%; male: 55.0% vs. 65.3%, both p&lt;0.0001) and 12 months (female: 50.6% vs. 61.1%; male: 53.7% vs. 68.9%, both p&lt;0.0001). As shown in the Figure, rates of 1-year unplanned rehospitalization were highest among black females (34.6%), followed by white females (31.3%), black males (30.0%), and white males (25.5%, p&lt;0.0001). In the multivariable model, 6-week angina was the factor most strongly associated with 12-month unplanned rehospitalization (HR 1.40; 95% CI 1.28, 1.54; p&lt;0.0001); this relationship was not modified by race or gender (both p interaction &gt;0.05). Conclusions: Race and gender differences in post-MI angina frequency exist. Efforts to reduce post-MI rehospitalizations should target improvements in angina treatment.
Leukocyte Subtypes As Predictors for Venous Thromboembolism in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Jahnavi Gollamudi, Gouri Dharmavaram, Petra Martin, Kirsten Marie Boughan, Brenda Cooper, Molly M Gallogly, Ehsan Malek, Leland Metheny, Folashade Otegbeye, Benjamin K. Tomlinson, Marcos de Lima, Lalitha V. Nayak, Paolo Caimi
Journal: Blood (2018)
Comparison of Injuries From Sharps Among Resident Physicians Within Dermatology and Other Medical and Surgical Specialties
Authors: Chance Morris, Prince Adotama, Ji Li, Thomas Stasko
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

This study assesses whether the nature of injuries from sharps among dermatology residents is demonstrably different compared with injuries from sharps among residents in other medical and surgical specialties.
Asbestos-related Diseases in Turkey: Caused Not Only by Naturally Occurring Fibers but Also by Industrial Exposures
Authors: Mehmet Bayram, Didem Özkan, Esat Hayat, Mehmet Bilgin, Elnur Mehdi, Şennur Bilgin, Muhammed Emin Akkoyunlu, Fatmanur Okyaltırık, Abdullah Kansu
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2018)
Livebirth after uterus transplantation from a deceased donor in a recipient with uterine infertility
Authors: Dani Ejzenberg, Wellington Andraus, Luana Regina Baratelli Carelli Mendes, Liliana Ducatti, Alice Song, Ryan Tanigawa, Vinicius Rocha-Santos, Rubens Macedo Arantes, José Maria Soares, Paulo Cesar Serafini, Luciana Bertocco de Paiva Haddad, Rossana Pulcinelli Francisco, Luiz Augusto Carneiro D'Albuquerque, Edmund Chada Baracat
Journal: The Lancet (2018)
Association of Dendritic Cell Signatures With Autoimmune Inflammation Revealed by Single‐Cell Profiling
Authors: Michelle P. Ashton, Anne Eugster, Sevina Dietz, Doreen Loebel, Annett Lindner, Denise Kuehn, Anna E. Taranko, Babett Heschel, Anita Gavrisan, Anette‐Gabriele Ziegler, Martin Aringer, Ezio Bonifacio
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2018)

Objective To identify single‐cell transcriptional signatures of dendritic cells ( DC s) that are associated with autoimmunity, and determine whether those DC signatures are correlated with the clinical heterogeneity of autoimmune disease. Methods Blood‐derived DC s were single‐cell sorted from the peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or type 1 diabetes as well as healthy individuals. DC s were analyzed using single‐cell gene expression assays, performed immediately after isolation or after in vitro stimulation of the cells. In addition, protein expression was measured using fluorescence‐activated cell sorting. Results CD 1c+ conventional DC s and plasmacytoid DC s from healthy individuals exhibited diverse transcriptional signatures, while the DC transcriptional signatures in patients with autoimmune disease were altered. In particular, distinct DC clusters, characterized by up‐regulation of TAP 1 , IRF 7 , and IFNAR 1 , were abundant in patients with systemic autoimmune disease, whereas DC s from patients with type 1 diabetes had decreased expression of the regulatory genes PTPN 6 , TGFB , and TYROBP . The frequency of CD 1c+ conventional DC s that expressed a systemic autoimmune profile directly correlated with the extent of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (Spearman's r = 0.60, P = 0.03). Conclusion DC transcriptional signatures are altered in patients with autoimmune disease and are associated with the level of disease activity, suggesting that immune cell transcriptional profiling could improve our ability to detect and understand the heterogeneity of these diseases, and could guide treatment choices in patients with a complex autoimmune disease.
A seven-Gene Signature assay improves prognostic risk stratification of perioperative chemotherapy treated gastroesophageal cancer patients from the MAGIC trial
Authors: E.C. Smyth, G. Nyamundanda, D. Cunningham, E. Fontana, C. Ragulan, I.B. Tan, S.J. Lin, A. Wotherspoon, M. Nankivell, M. Fassan, A. Lampis, J.C. Hahne, A.R. Davies, J. Lagergren, J.A. Gossage, N. Maisey, M. Green, J.L. Zylstra, W.H. Allum, R.E. Langley, P. Tan, N. Valeri, A. Sadanandam
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)

BackgroundFollowing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for operable gastroesophageal cancer, lymph node metastasis is the only validated prognostic variable; however, within lymph node groups there is still heterogeneity with risk of relapse. We hypothesized that gene profiles from neoadjuvant chemotherapy treated resection specimens from gastroesophageal cancer patients can be used to define prognostic risk groups to identify patients at risk for relapse.Patients and methodsThe Medical Research Council Adjuvant Gastric Infusional Chemotherapy (MAGIC) trial (n = 202 with high quality RNA) samples treated with perioperative chemotherapy were profiled for a custom gastric cancer gene panel using the NanoString platform. Genes associated with overall survival (OS) were identified using penalized and standard Cox regression, followed by generation of risk scores and development of a NanoString biomarker assay to stratify patients into risk groups associated with OS. An independent dataset served as a validation cohort.ResultsRegression and clustering analysis of MAGIC patients defined a seven-Gene Signature and two risk groups with different OS [hazard ratio (HR) 5.1; P < 0.0001]. The median OS of high- and low-risk groups were 10.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) of 6.5 and 13.2 months] and 80.9 months (CI: 43.0 months and not assessable), respectively. Risk groups were independently prognostic of lymph node metastasis by multivariate analysis (HR 3.6 in node positive group, P = 0.02; HR 3.6 in high-risk group, P = 0.0002), and not prognostic in surgery only patients (n = 118; log rank P = 0.2). A validation cohort independently confirmed these findings.ConclusionsThese results suggest that gene-based risk groups can independently predict prognosis in gastroesophageal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This signature and associated assay may help risk stratify these patients for post-surgery chemotherapy in future perioperative chemotherapy-based clinical trials.
Photodynamic therapy for basal cell carcinoma
Authors: N.J. Collier, A.K. Haylett, T.H. Wong, C.A. Morton, S.H. Ibbotson, K.E. McKenna, R. Mallipeddi, H. Moseley, D. Seukeran, K.A. Ward, M.F. Mohd Mustapa, L.S. Exton, A.C. Green, L.E. Rhodes
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

This is the largest systematic review to-date which compares the treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) with a treatment called photodynamic therapy (PDT) and alternative treatments. PDT is an established treatment option for low-risk BCC. PDT involves putting a cream on the skin and leaving it for 3 hours. Then a red light is shone on it; this often causes pain for a few minutes but few other side effects. At least two treatment sessions are needed. In our study we only used evidence from high quality studies (Randomised Control Trials) and only looked at studies which included treatments for low-risk BCC types (superficial and nodular). The main medical databases were searched to find all suitable studies. The benefits of treatments were compared, using previously-agreed criteria. The differences between how often treatments would cure (effectiveness), how the area would look after treatment (cosmetic result), and the side-effects, including pain, were compared at different times. Imiquimod and fluorouracil creams are applied regularly to the BCC over 4-6 weeks. The creams cause discomfort which increases with time. The peak pain from PDT was higher than imiquimod and fluorouracil, although the combined discomfort from imiquimod and PDT appeared similar. Cure rates between fluorouracil and PDT were comparable although rates with imiquimod were higher than PDT applied once. The cosmetic result with both creams was similar to PDT. Cryosurgery (freezing with liquid nitrogen) is a convenient quick treatment. Cure rates were similar to PDT, although the cosmetic results were poorer. Surgical excision, where the tumour is cut out and the skin stitched, showed the highest cure rates. The cosmetic result after PDT was as good or better than other treatments. Our review showed that PDT is an effective treatment for low-risk BCC, with excellent cosmetic results and safety.
BCAS2 is essential for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell maintenance during zebrafish embryogenesis
Authors: Shanshan Yu, Tao Jiang, Danna Jia, Yunqiao Han, Fei Liu, Yuwen Huang, Zhen Qu, Yuntong Zhao, Jiayi Tu, Yuexia Lv, Jingzhen Li, Xuebin Hu, Zhaojing Lu, Shanshan Han, Yayun Qin, Xiliang Liu, Shanglun Xie, Qing K. Wang, Zhaohui Tang, Daji Luo, Mugen Liu
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 19525: Heart Failure Readmission Rates: Clinical Experience With the C-Pulse® Extra-Aortic Counterpulsation System
Authors: Sanjeev Aggarwal, Andrew Kao, Sumanth D Prabhu, Mark S Slaughter
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Heart failure-related readmission rates remain high. In the EFFECT phase I study, 61.3% of patients had repeat hospitalization within one year of initial discharge, with the majority occurring shortly postdischarge or near end of life. Analysis of Medicare beneficiaries from 2007-2009 of 1,330,157 heart failure (HF) hospitalizations found 35% of patients readmitted for the same condition within 30 days. Readmission (RA) reflects increased morbidity, impaired quality of life, and a growing economic burden on health care resources. Hypothesis: The US feasibility investigational study gathered data to evaluate readmission in class III/ambulatory IV HF patients receiving an extra-aortic counterpulsation system (C-Pulse®, Sunshine Heart, Inc.) designed to increase coronary blood flow, reduce the workload of the left ventricle, and improve cardiac function. Methods: Between April 2009 and June 2011, twenty HF patients were enrolled in a prospective US feasibility study undergoing C-Pulse device implantation procedures at 7 centers. RA data was collected at 30 days, 6 and 12 months post implant. Results: The study included 12 males, 18 NYHA class III and 2 ambulatory NYHA class IV patients, 7 ischemic and 13 non-ischemic. Mean age was 56±7 years. Baseline ejection fraction (EF) was 28% ± 6.1. Over 12 months, 3 of the 20 implanted C-Pulse feasibility study patients (15%) had 5 HF hospitalizations after device implantation (Clinical Events Committee adjudicated, occurring at 208 days, 205 and 245 days, 33 and 52 days). Two of the three patients had low device usage compliance prior to HF events (&lt;30% use). Conclusion: Recently published data has demonstrated preliminary indications of safety and efficacy of counterpulsation therapy with the C-pulse system for the management of chronic HF. Lifetime analysis work from the EFFECT study has shown an overall RA rate of 61.3% at 12 months in patients suffering from HF. In comparison, RA rates for patients undergoing C-pulse implantation appear to be greatly reduced at 30 days and at one year. In addition, RA rates for patients undergoing C-pulse implantation are lower than RA rates reported for other forms of durable mechanical circulatory support at 30 days and 1 year.
Eran Elinav: Beyond the microbiome
Authors: Stephanie Houston
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2018)

Eran is the head of the microbiome-focused research group at the Weizmann Institute in Israel. He has published seminal work demonstrating the importance of the microbiota in many different systems, from post-dieting weight gain to circadian rhythms. Recent work from Eran and colleagues shows how probiotics perturb rather than aid the recovery of the microbiota following antibiotic treatment in humans. We contacted Eran to find out about his journey in science so far.
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in a Multiethnic Normal Asian Population
Authors: Henrietta Ho, Yih-Chung Tham, Miao Li Chee, Yuan Shi, Nicholas Y.Q. Tan, Kah-Hie Wong, Shivani Majithia, Carol Y. Cheung, Tin Aung, Tien Yin Wong, Ching-Yu Cheng
Journal: Ophthalmology (2018)
THU0532 To assess whether there is an association between hypermobility and sports injury
Authors: J.A. Nathan, K. Davies
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Joint Hypermobility (JH) is an extremely heritable condition in which joints have a range of motion beyond normal limits. This is frequently seen in healthy individuals.<sup>1</sup> It is important to differentiate this from Joint Hypermobility Syndrome (JHS).<sup>2</sup> (JH is diagnosed as a Beighton score of four or more).<sup>3</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> The objective of this project was to determine whether there is an association between hypermobility and sports injury. <h3>Methods</h3> A quantitative observational approach using a cross sectional survey was adopted. A pilot study and initial focus group was arranged, involving 10 university students. Individuals were identified as hypermobile or not using the Beighton score. All participants were asked to complete two questionnaires; the first asking demographic information; the second questionnaire was injury specific. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 114 individuals participated in the study. 62 were women and 52 men. 26% of participants were found to be hypermobile. There was no significant association between hypermobility and sports injury (p=0.6596). There was a significant increase in joint and ligament sprain amongst the non-hypermobile (NH) group covering all sports studied (p=0.0269). Results showed that joint dislocation was found exclusively amongst hypermobile individuals. Duration of injury in hypermobile individuals was higher then NH. The use of oral painkillers or anti-inflammatories in the semi professional group was greater then the general population. Table 1 Prevalence of hypermobility in each sport <h3>Conclusions</h3> Hypermobility is relatively common amongst individuals and there is a lot of anecdotal evidence associating it with increased rates of injuries. This project finds that NH individuals are more likely to sustain a ligament or joint sprain in sports. This is thought to be due to increased joint laxity and flexibility preventing injury. <h3>References</h3> [1] Simmonds JV, Keer RJ. Hypermobility and the hypermobility syndrome. Man Ther2007;12(4):298–309. [2] Baeza-Velasco C, Gély-Nargeot MC, Pailhez G, Vilarrasa AB. Joint hypermobility and sport: a review of advantages and disadvantages. Curr Sports Med Rep2013;12(5):291–5. [3] Donaldson PR. Does generalized joint hypermobility predict joint injury in sport? A review. Clin J Sport Med2012;22(1):77–8. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Liver transplantation in patients with liver failure related to exertional heatstroke
Authors: Philippe Ichai, Astrid Laurent-Bellue, Christophe Camus, David Moreau, Mathieu Boutonnet, Faouzi Saliba, Jean Marie Peron, Carole Ichai, Emilie Gregoire, Luc Aigle, Julien Cousty, Alice Quinart, Bertrand Pons, Marc Boudon, Stephane André, Audrey Coilly, Teresa Antonini, Catherine Guettier, Didier Samuel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Impact of palliative care interventions on health-related quality of life (HRQOL): A secondary analysis of the Promoting Resilience in Stress Management (PRISM) Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT).
Authors: Angela Steineck, Miranda Bradford, Nancy Lau, Samantha Scott, Joyce P. Yi-Frazier, Abby R. Rosenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

78 Background: PRISM, a novel intervention for adolescents and young adults (AYAs), seeks to enhance resilience skills via four in-person sessions. Primary analysis of the RCT in AYAs with cancer showed PRISM improved HRQOL. This secondary analysis aimed to explore changes in HRQOL domains and differences between patient groups. Methods: English-speaking AYAs (12 - 25 years) were randomized to PRISM or usual care (UC) from Jan 2015 - Oct 2016. Surveys were completed at enrollment and six months later, using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Generic Short Form (SF-15) and Cancer Module to assess HRQOL. We compared change scores (PRISM vs UC) by domain (PedsQL SF-15: physical, emotional, social, school; cancer: pain, nausea, procedure anxiety, treatment anxiety, worry, cognition, perceived appearance, and communication). Participants were stratified by age (12 - 17 years vs 18 - 25 years) and advanced cancer status (yes/no). Results: 74 patients (36 PRISM, 38 UC) completed 6-month assessments. 72% were 12 - 17 years old. 23% had advanced cancer at enrollment. PRISM improved patient-reported communication (UC: median [interquartile range, IQR] 0 [-17, 8]; PRISM: 8 [0, 25]). Younger patients seemed to benefit more, especially in PedsQL SF-15 school (12 - 17: UC 0 [-8, 0], PRISM 13 [0, 17]; 18 - 25: UC 0 [-33, 17], PRISM 0 [-25, 17]) and social domains (12 - 17: UC 0 [-33, 0], PRISM 0 [0, 8]; 18 - 25: UC 0 [-25, 4], PRISM -17 [-25, 8]), and cancer-specific perceived appearance (12 - 17: UC -4 [-25, 0], PRISM 8 [-8, 25]; 18-25: UC 0 [-21, 0], PRISM -8 [-25, 17]). Patients with advanced cancer seemed to benefit in cancer-specific domains nausea (no: UC 0 [-10, 15], PRISM 10 [-10, 40]; yes: UC 6 [-15, 25], PRISM 35 [25, 50]) and pain (no: UC 13 [-13, 25], PRISM 6 [-13, 25]; yes: UC -13 [-25, 0], PRISM 6 [-13, 25]). Patients without advanced cancer seemed to benefit in perceived appearance (no: UC -6 [-33, 0], PRISM 0 [-8, 17]; yes: UC 0 [-8, 17], PRISM 4 [-8, 17]). Conclusions: With PRISM, younger AYAs were better able to cope with age appropriate challenges (social, school, appearance) and AYAs with advanced cancer improved physical symptom HRQOL. Clinical trial information: NCT02340884.
Abstract 12867: The Mechanism of K-877, a Highly Potent and Selective Pparalpha Modulator, on Regulation of Synthesis, Secretion and Metabolism of Triglycerides and Cholesterol
Authors: Toshiaki Takizawa, Yuta Inokuchi, Shinji Goto, Yasunobu Yoshinaka, Kazutoyo Abe, Keisuke Inoue, Sohei Tanabe
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Triglycerides (TG) are one of the important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. TG are synthesized via fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and hydrolyzed...