tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17484: Risk of Myocardial Infarction Among Women versus Men With Nonobstructive Left Main Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Joe X Xie, Tina Varghese, Puja K Mehta, Jonathon Leipsic, C. Noel Bairey Merz, Daniel S Berman, Matthew J Budoff, Stephan Achenbach, Allison Dunning, Heidi Gransar, Tracy Q Callister, Augustin Delago, Hugo Marques, Ronen Rubinshtein, Mouaz H Al-Mallah, Daniele Andreini, Gianluca Pontone, Filippo Cademartiri, Erica Maffei, Kavitha Kavitha Chinnaiyan, Gilbert Raff, Martin Hadamitzky, Joerg Hausleiter, Gudrun Feuchtner, Yong-Jin Kim, Philipp A Kaufmann, Todd C Villines, Benjamin Chow, James K Min, Leslee J Shaw
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Nonobstructive (1-49% stenosis) coronary artery disease (CAD) is more frequently detected in women than men with ANOCA (angina, no obstructive CAD) and is associated with increased myocardial infarction (MI) risk. However, nonobstructive CAD in the left main (LM) has not been previously assessed, and sex-specific outcomes with nonobstructive LM are unknown. Methods: In the 5-year COronary CT Angiography EvaluatioN For Clinical Outcomes: An InteRnational Multicenter (CONFIRM) registry, patients with suspected stable CAD underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) and were categorized as having no LM stenosis, nonobstructive LM, or obstructive LM. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariable Cox regression were used to assess sex-specific associations for LM strata and incident MI (n=678). Results: Among 2,138 women and 4,134 men, 14 vs 20% (p<0.01) had nonobstructive LM, and 2 vs 4% (p<0.01) had obstructive LM. 5-year cumulative MI incidence among patients with no LM, nonob...
Accumulation of 131I in Esophageal Diverticulum Diagnosed by SPECT/CT
Authors: Alessio Rizzo, Luca Zagaria, Germano Perotti, Salvatore Annunziata, Massimo Salvatori
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

A 72-year-old man underwent total thyroidectomy and radioiodine remnant ablation for papillary thyroid cancer in 2016. The posttherapy whole-body scan showed uptake in the neck, classified as residual thyroid tissue. Two years later, the patient came to our observation to perform a second radioiodine therapy for high levels of thyroglobulin. The planar posttherapy scan showed a focal radioiodine area in the neck. SPECT/CT diagnosed a voluminous esophageal diverticulum located in the upper third of the esophagus. A CT performed to discover the source of thyroglobulin excluded locoregional or distant metastases and confirmed the presence of a Zenker diverticulum.
Abstract 16617: Is the Benefit Risk Ratio for Patient Treated With Pulmonary Vein Isolation Cryablation for Recurrent AF in an Older Population Still Favorable?
Authors: Luigi Padeletti, Roberto Verlato, Giuseppe Arena, Saverio Iacopino, Antonio Curnis, Maurizio Lunati, Giulio Molon, Stefano Porcellini, Luigi Sciarra, Claudio Tondo
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Is the benefit/risk ratio for patient treated with PVI Cryablation for recurrent AF in an older population (age 75 or more) still favorable? Introduction: Pulmonary vein cryoablation (PVC) is an ap...
Stratifying infants with cystic fibrosis for disease severity using intestinal organoid swelling as a biomarker of CFTR function
Authors: Karin M. de Winter-de Groot, Hettie M. Janssens, Rick T. van Uum, Johanna F. Dekkers, Gitte Berkers, Annelotte Vonk, Evelien Kruisselbrink, Hugo Oppelaar, Robert Vries, Hans Clevers, Roderick H.J. Houwen, Johanna C. Escher, Sjoerd G. Elias, Hugo R. de Jonge, Yolanda B. de Rijke, Harm A.W.M. Tiddens, Cornelis K. van der Ent, Jeffrey M. Beekman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

Forskolin-induced swelling (FIS) of intestinal organoids from individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) measures function of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the protein mutated in CF.We investigated whether FIS corresponds with clinical outcome parameters and biomarkers of CFTR function in 34 infants diagnosed with CF. Relationships with FIS were studied for indicators of pulmonary and gastrointestinal disease.Children with low FIS had higher levels of immunoreactive trypsinogen (p=0.030) and pancreatitis-associated protein (p=0.039), more often had pancreatic insufficiency (p<0.001), had more abnormalities on chest computed tomography (p=0.049), and had lower z-scores for maximal expiratory flow at functional residual capacity (p=0.033) when compared to children with high FIS values. FIS significantly correlated with sweat chloride concentration (SCC) and intestinal current measurement (ICM) (r= -0.82 and r=0.70, respectively; both p<0.001). Individual assessment of SCC, ICM and FIS suggested that FIS can help to classify individual disease severity.Thus, stratification by FIS identified subgroups that differed in pulmonary and gastrointestinal outcome parameters. FIS of intestinal organoids correlated well with established CFTR-dependent biomarkers such as SCC and ICM, and performed adequately at group and individual level in this proof-of-concept study.
Bongani Mayosi: renowned cardiologist and visionary medical researcher
Authors: Ned Stafford
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Credit: Michael Hammond

More than 2000 people attended the funeral service for Bongani Mayosi. They mourned the loss of a man described as a loving husband, adoring father, and dedicated son. He was, of course, also a renowned cardiologist loved by his patients, a visionary medical researcher linked with colleagues around the world, and a nurturing teacher and mentor.

“He was a brilliant academic,” eulogised South Africa’s minister of health, Aaron Motsoaledi, at the service in Cape Town on 4 August. “He believed in the potential of black students, and he mentored them with passion and love.”1

Hugh Watkins, an Oxford University cardiologist who supervised Mayosi’s doctoral degree, spoke at the funeral of his former student who had become a friend and colleague. Watkins described him as a “whirlwind of benevolent energy” with the “intellect, rigour, the drive but also the people skills to accomplish everything he set out to do.”

Tributes from Mayosi’s family—written as letters addressed to him—were read aloud at the funeral, including letters of farewell from his three daughters: Nosipho, S’vuyile, and Camagu. They wrote of the joy of having a father who made them feel loved and treasured and inspired them to do their best, a father who was funny and humble.

In her letter, his wife, Nonhlanhla Khumalo, described meeting the 16 year old boy who would become her husband, while they rode on a bus during orientation week at university. “I found Bongani’s charm, humour, and intelligence irresistible,” she wrote.

His mother, Nontle Mayosi, wrote to her departed son: “I thank God that He chose me to bring you into this world . . . such a genius for the world to share.”

Eight days before the funeral Mayosi, who was dean of the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of Cape Town (UCT), …
Restructuring physical micro-environments to reduce the demand for meat: a systematic review and qualitative comparative analysis
Authors: Filippo Bianchi, Emma Garnett, Claudia Dorsel, Paul Aveyard, Susan A Jebb
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2018)

Reducing meat consumption could help to protect the natural environment and promote population health. Interventions restructuring physical micro-environments might help to change habitual behaviour. We synthesised the scientific evidence pertaining to whether, and which, interventions restructuring physical micro-environments effectively reduce the demand for meat.
Abstract #3667: A novel folate receptor-targeted nanoparticle minimizes drug resistance in a human cancer model
Authors: Xu Wang, Yiqing Wang, Jun Li, Sreenivas Nannapaneni, Mourad Tighiouart, Zhuo (Georgia) Chen, Shuming Nie, Dong Shin
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

A major clinical obstacle in cancer therapy is the development of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Intrinsic or acquired drug resistance occurs frequently in most cancers. Many strategies are being developed towards overcoming such drug resistance. Among them, application of nanotechnology has shown promise in the development of novel drug delivery approaches to overcome drug resistance by targeting tumor tissue, tumor cells, or compartments within tumor cells. We synthesized a targeted nanoparticle composed of heparin-folate-paclitaxel (HFT) conjugates and loaded with paclitaxel in its hydrophobic core (HFT-T).  In vitro  cytotoxicity of the HFT-T nanoparticle was assessed in a resistant human squamous cancer cell line KB-8-5 (10-fold more resistant to paclitaxel than the parental sensitive cell line KB-3-1). The targeted nanoparticle HFT-T was more effective in inhibiting cell growth when compared with the non-targeted nanoparticle (HT-T). To test the  in vivo  efficacy of HFT-T particles, nude mice bearing subcutaneous human KB-8-5 tumors were randomly divided into four groups (n=8 per group), and treated with HFT-T, free paclitaxel, HT-T or PBS (control). The drugs (at a dose of 40 mg/kg paclitaxel equivalent) were administrated  via  tail vein every four days for 3 weeks (4 injections in total). At the end of the experiment, the HFT-T-treated group showed the smallest tumor sizes (average tumor volume of 785.5±104.1 mm 3 ) when compared with other treated mice or controls (average tumor volumes in free paclitaxel, HT-T-treated, and control groups were 1422.9 ± 216.1 mm 3 , 1301.2 ± 213.9 mm 3 , 2061.7± 416.1, respectively). Compared with free paclitaxel and non-targeted nanoparticle HT-T treated groups, HFT-T treatment significantly reduced tumor size (paclitaxel vs. HFT-T p=0.0155, HT-T vs. HFT-T p=0.0381). Also, compared with the control group, only HFT-T treatment significantly reduced tumor size (p=0.0075). Furthermore, the effect of HFT-T on microtubule organization and apoptosis in tumor will be studied. In conclusion, this study provides a novel strategy using a targeted nanoparticle as a drug delivery system to minimize drug resistance in human cancers. (Supported by NCI P50 CA128613 and U54CA119338-04)   Citation Information:  In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 3667.
Abstract 11882: Reduced N-type Calcium Channels in Ventricular Vagal Neurons and Ventricular Arrhythmogenesis
Authors: Dongze Zhang, Huiyin Tu, Hong Zheng, Robert L Muelleman, Yu-long Li
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Attenuated cardiac vagal activity is linked to ventricular arrhythmogenesis, and is associated with mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However, the sites and mechanisms responsible for decreased cardiac vagal activity are still poorly understood. Our previous studies showed that expression of N-type Ca ++ channel α-subunits (Ca v 2.2-α) and N-type Ca ++ currents were reduced in intracardiac ganglion neurons from coronary artery ligation-induced CHF rats. Rat intracardiac ganglia are divided into the atrioventricular ganglion (AVG) and sinoatrial ganglion. Ventricular myocardium only receives projection of neuronal terminals from the AVG. Here, we tested the hypothesis that reducing N-type Ca ++ channels in AVG neurons contributes to ventricular arrhythmogenesis. Lentiviral Ca v 2.2-α shRNA (2 μl, 1x10 6 pfu/ml) or scrambled shRNA was in-vivo transfected into rat AVG neurons. Non-transfected sham rats served as control. Using real-time single-cell PCR and reverse-phase protein array, we found that in-vivo transfection of Ca v 2.2-α shRNA decreased expression of Ca v 2.2-α mRNA and protein in rat AVG neurons. The results from whole-cell patch clamp recording showed that Ca v 2.2-α shRNA reduced N-type Ca ++ currents and cell excitability in AVG neurons. The data obtained from telemetry ECG recording demonstrated that 83% (5 out of 6) of conscious rats with Ca v 2.2-α shRNA transfection had premature ventricular contraction (p&lt;0.05 vs. 0% of non-transfected sham rats or scrambled shRNA transfected rats). Additionally, an index of susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias, inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias evoked by programmed electrical stimulation is higher in rats with Ca v 2.2-α shRNA transfection (1.8 ± 0.3 ventricular arrhythmia score), compared to non-transfected sham rats and scrambled shRNA transfected rats (0 ventricular arrhythmia score, p&lt;0.05 vs. these two groups). From these results, we conclude that reduced N-type Ca ++ channels in AVG neurons cause vagal neuronal dysfunction, which is a trigger to initiate ventricular arrhythmias. These results suggest that reduced N-type Ca ++ channels in AVG neurons might be involved in ventricular arrhythmogenesis and sudden cardiac death in the CHF state.
Abstract P302: Lack of Obesity Paradox in 30 Day and Annual Cumulative Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Readmissions
Authors: Ravinder Valadri, Namrata Singhania, Deborah Deborah, Richard English, LeYu Naing, Khushbu Desai, Maureen Litchman, Thomas Linda, Samir Pancholy, Emir Veledar
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Recent study demonstrated paradoxical relationship between body mass Index (BMI) and all cause mortality in patients with acute decompensated heart Failure (ADHF), where higher BMI was associated with decreased mortality. We sought to test whether this relationship exists between BMI and ADHF readmissions Methods: Consecutive patients presented to the emergency department from March 2014 to July 2015 with the diagnosis of ADHF were analyzed in a retrospective cohort study. Cohort was grouped in to prespecified BMI categories; normal weight (BMI &lt;26 Kg/m2 ), Over weight (BMI 25-30 Kg/m2 ) and Obese (BMI &gt;30 Kg/m2 and above). Primary endpoints were incidence of 30 day ADHF readmission and time to first ADHF readmission from the index hospitalization. Patients with end stage COPD on home O2, cirrhosis and end stage renal failure on dialysis were excluded. Unplanned hospitalizations due to other cause than ADHF were excluded. ADHF hospitalizations were adjudicated by an independent blinded clinician Results: Cohort (N=188) consisted 51(27.1%) normal weight, 61 (32.4%) over weight and 76 (40.4%) obese patients. Females were 63% (N=119), patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction were 47% (N=90), Obese [BMI 31(28-38) Kg/m2; Median (IQR)] patients were younger (median age; 77 years vs 83 years; P=0.002), whereas other covariates were similar between groups. In median follow up of 1.2 years, total 30 day ADHF readmissions were 32 and total ADHF admissions were 214. Incidence of both 30 day and total ADHF readmissions were similar in all 3 BMI categories; ANOVA P=0.18 (30 day ADHF readmissions) and P= 0.62 (total ADHF readmissions). Obesity was neither associated with risk for 30 day readmission; OR=0.64 (CI: 0.20 - 2.0; P= 0.45) nor with the time to first ADHF readmission from the index hospitalization; log rank P=0.5 (Figure 1) Conclusions: Higher BMI is not protective against ADHF readmissions in patients with ADHF. Further studies are needed in larger data sets to validate our findings.
Fibroblasts Mobilize Tumor Cell Glycogen to Promote Proliferation and Metastasis
Authors: Marion Curtis, Hilary A. Kenny, Bradley Ashcroft, Abir Mukherjee, Alyssa Johnson, Yilin Zhang, Ynes Helou, Raquel Batlle, Xiaojing Liu, Nuria Gutierrez, Xia Gao, S. Diane Yamada, Ricardo Lastra, Anthony Montag, Nagib Ahsan, Jason W. Locasale, Arthur R. Salomon, Angel R. Nebreda, Ernst Lengyel
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2018)
Abstract 210: Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduce Neutrophil Mediated Inflammation Following Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion Injury
Authors: Eric Shin, Marina Zemskova, Lanfang Wang, Rabin Tirouvanziam, Andres Garcia, William R Taylor, Rebecca Levit
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Neutrophils (PMNs) are a central mediator of oxidative stress and tissue necrosis following acute myocardial infarction and reperfusion (MI/R). Currently no effective treatment directed towards PMN mediated injury exists. Cell based therapies may represent a novel strategy to reduce the damaging effects of the early immune response following MI/R injury. In this study, we examine whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reduce markers of PMN mediated inflammation as a possible mechanism for cardio-protection. In vitro analysis of human PMNs was performed following inflammatory stimuli and co-culture with MSCs, MSC conditioned media (MSC-CM), or no treatment. H 2 O 2 production and super oxide (SO) release was measured by amplex red and hydrocyanine based assays respectively. There were significant reductions in H 2 O 2 (p&lt;0.0001, n=4) and SO (p&lt;0.001, n=4) when PMNs were co-cultured with MSCs and MSC-CM compared to PMNs cultured alone. In vivo studies were performed in rats following acute MI/R injury. Treatment subgroups included normal saline control or MSCs implanted onto the heart by means of hydrogel encapsulation. One day after MI/R, H 2 O 2 levels were significantly reduced in myocardial tissue when treated with MSCs compared to saline treated hearts (p&lt;0.05, n=5). Furthermore, infiltration of myocardium by CD45+ leukocytes was significantly reduced in animals treated with MSCs compared to saline treated controls as measured by flow cytometry (p&lt;0.05, n=4). The effect of MSCs on functional outcomes was confirmed by use of speckle-tracking echocardiography which demonstrated significant improvements in cardiac function in MSC treated animals compared to saline controls as early as days 7 and persisting to day 28 post injury (p&lt;0.017, n=5).This study demonstrates that MSCs modulate multiple pro-inflammatory functions of PMNs in vitro and is the first to demonstrate in vivo reductions in ROS production and leukocyte infiltration as a potential mechanism for cardio-protection following MI/R injury, allowing for earlier transition to regenerative processes. Future studies will determine whether PMN infiltration and markers of respiratory burst activity are reduced with MSC therapy.
Prognostic impact of t(16;21)(p11;q22) and t(16;21)(q24;q22) in pediatric AML: a retrospective study by the I-BFM Study Group
Authors: Sanne Noort, Martin Zimmermann, Dirk Reinhardt, Wendy Cuccuini, Martina Pigazzi, Jenny Smith, Rhonda E. Ries, Todd A. Alonzo, Betsy Hirsch, Daisuke Tomizawa, Franco Locatelli, Tanja A. Gruber, Susana Raimondi, Edwin Sonneveld, Daniel K. Cheuk, Michael Dworzak, Jan Stary, Jonas Abrahamsson, Nira Arad-Cohen, Malgorzata Czogala, Barbara De Moerloose, Henrik Hasle, Soheil Meshinchi, Marry van den Heuvel-Eibrink, C. Michel Zwaan
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 16232: Optimal Cut-Off Value for Fractional Flow Reserve Derived From Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography for Predicting Hemodynamically Significant Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Yukiko Matsumura-Nakano, Hiroki Shiomi, Tetsuma Kawaji, Masako Kataoka, Kanae Miyake-Kawai, Charles A Taylor, Sohie Khem, Shojiro Tatsushima, Hirotoshi Watanabe, Junichi Tazaki, Masao Imai, Naritatsu Saito, Satoshi Shizuta, Koh Ono, Takeshi Morimoto, Takeshi Kimura
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Fractional flow reserve (FFR) derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (CT) is a novel less invasive diagnostic tool for detecting hemodynamically significant coronary ar...
E-selectin-targeted copolymer reduces atherosclerotic lesions, adverse cardiac remodeling, and dysfunction
Authors: Olga Tsoref, Dalia Tyomkin, Uri Amit, Natalie Landa, Osnat Cohen-Rosenboim, David Kain, Moran Golan, Nili Naftali-Shani, Ayelet David, Jonathan Leor
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2018)
Abstract 17858: Decline in Peak Oxygen Consumption on Serial Cardiopulmonary Exercise Tests Predicts Death or Transplantation in Adults With a Single Ventricle Fontan Circulation
Authors: Jonathan W Cunningham, Jonathan Rhodes, Keri M Shafer, Alexander R Opotowsky
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Peak oxygen consumption (pVO2) measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) predicts mortality in adults with a Fontan circulation. We investigated the additive prognostic value of change in pVO2 over time. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that change in pVO2 between consecutive CPETs would predict time to death or transplantation in adults with a Fontan circulation. Methods: We analyzed all adult patients with a Fontan circulation at our institution between 2003-2015 with 2 maximal (RER>1.05) CPETs separated by 6-30 months. Freedom from death or cardiac transplant was analyzed using Log Rank tests and Cox regression, with % change in pVO2 (mL/kg/min) between the 2 CPETs as the independent variable (univariate and adjusting for baseline pVO2). Change in pVO2 was also analyzed as a dichotomous variable. Results: The study included 268 CPET pairs from 124 patients. Age averaged 26.6+/-9.5 years, 41% were female and the most common underlying diagnoses were tricuspid atresia (31.0%), double i...
Statistical analysis of patient-reported outcome data in randomised controlled trials of locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Madeline Pe, Lien Dorme, Corneel Coens, Ethan Basch, Melanie Calvert, Alicyn Campbell, Charles Cleeland, Kim Cocks, Laurence Collette, Linda Dirven, Amylou C Dueck, Nancy Devlin, Hans-Henning Flechtner, Carolyn Gotay, Ingolf Griebsch, Mogens Groenvold, Madeleine King, Michael Koller, Daniel C Malone, Francesca Martinelli, Sandra A Mitchell, Jammbe Z Musoro, Kathy Oliver, Elisabeth Piault-Louis, Martine Piccart, Francisco L Pimentel, Chantal Quinten, Jaap C Reijneveld, Jeff Sloan, Galina Velikova, Andrew Bottomley
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2018)
Definition and Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for Neurosarcoidosis
Authors: Barney J. Stern, Walter Royal, Jeffrey M. Gelfand, David B. Clifford, Jinny Tavee, Siddharama Pawate, Joseph R. Berger, Allen J. Aksamit, Allan Krumholz, Carlos A. Pardo, David R. Moller, Marc A. Judson, Marjolein Drent, Robert P. Baughman
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2018)

The Neurosarcoidosis Consortium Consensus Group, an expert panel of physicians experienced in the management of patients with sarcoidosis and neurosarcoidosis, engaged in an iterative process to define neurosarcoidosis and develop a practical diagnostic approach to patients with suspected neurosarcoidosis. This panel aimed to develop a consensus clinical definition of neurosarcoidosis to enhance the clinical care of patients with suspected neurosarcoidosis and to encourage standardization of research initiatives that address this disease.The work of this collaboration included a review of the manifestations of neurosarcoidosis and the establishment of an approach to the diagnosis of this disorder. The proposed consensus diagnostic criteria, which reflect current knowledge, provide definitions for possible, probable, and definite central and peripheral nervous system sarcoidosis. The definitions emphasize the need to evaluate patients with findings suggestive of neurosarcoidosis for alternate causal factors, including infection and malignant neoplasm. Also emphasized is the need for biopsy, whenever feasible and advisable according to clinical context and affected anatomy, of nonneural tissue to document the presence of systemic sarcoidosis and support a diagnosis of probable neurosarcoidosis or of neural tissue to support a diagnosis of definite neurosarcoidosis.Diverse disease presentations and lack of specificity of relevant diagnostic tests contribute to diagnostic uncertainty. This uncertainty is compounded by the absence of a pathognomonic histologic tissue examination. The diagnostic criteria we propose are designed to focus investigations on NS as accurately as possible, recognizing that multiple pathophysiologic pathways may lead to the clinical manifestations we currently term NS. Research recognizing the clinical heterogeneity of this diagnosis may open the door to identifying meaningful biologic factors that may ultimately contribute to better treatments.