tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14814: Angioscopic Evalutation of Organized Thrombus in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension During Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty
Authors: Hideo Tsubata, Naohiko Nakanishi, Kuniyoshi Fukai, Kan Zen, Takeshi Nakamura, Tetsuhiro Yamano, Hirokazu Shiraishi, Takeshi Shirayama, Satoaki Matoba
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background:  Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) has been reported to be an effective treatment for inoperable patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Assessment of how the pathological morphology during BPA contributes to an improvement of procedural outcomes may provide new knowledge about the progression of this disorder.   Methods:  We retrospectively assessed the pathological morphology of organized thrombi observed by angioscopy in 28 lesions from 9 CTEPH patients, in whom angioscopy-guided BPA was performed.   Results:  The median age was 66 years old and 78 % of the patients were female. Mean pulmonary artery pressure at diagnosis was 38±3 mmHg, mean right atrium pressure 8±1 mmHg, cardiac output 4.0±0.4 L/min, and pulmonary vascular resistance 8.1±1.5 Wood units. By angioscopy, web lesions on angiography were revealed as net-like ramified white thrombi, and ring-like stenosis was observed as a hard mass thrombus. Abrupt vascular narrowing lesions appeared as either net-like or flap thrombi by angioscopy. All complete vascular obstruction lesions were formed by flap thrombi. Most vessels had distal thrombus lesions that were difficult to detect by contrast angiography or intravascular ultrasonography. After  balloon dilatation, angioscopy revealed hemorrhaging from the vascular wall due to injury from the BPA procedure.   Conclusions:  Angioscopy allows for the detailed evaluation of lesions that were difficult to identify by angiography or intravascular ultrasonography, and reveals vascular injuries incurred by the BPA procedure. The assessment of lesion morphology and vascular injuries using angioscopy might contribute to the safe and effective BPA.
Prognostic Power of a Tumor Differentiation Gene Signature for Bladder Urothelial Carcinomas
Authors: Qianxing Mo, Fotis Nikolos, Fengju Chen, Zoe Tramel, Yu-Cheng Lee, Kazukuni Hayashi, Jing Xiao, Jianjun Shen, Keith Syson Chan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2018)

Muscle-invasive bladder cancers (MIBCs) cause approximately 150 000 deaths per year worldwide. Survival for MIBC patients is heterogeneous, with no clinically validated molecular markers that predict clinical outcome. Non-MIBCs (NMIBCs) generally have favorable outcome; however, a portion progress to MIBC. Hence, development of a prognostic tool that can guide decision-making is crucial for improving clinical management of bladder urothelial carcinomas.
Ontogeny of human mucosal-associated invariant T cells and related T cell subsets
Authors: Ghada Ben Youssef, Marie Tourret, Marion Salou, Liana Ghazarian, Véronique Houdouin, Stanislas Mondot, Yvonne Mburu, Marion Lambert, Saba Azarnoush, Jean-Sébastien Diana, Anne-Laure Virlouvet, Michel Peuchmaur, Thomas Schmitz, Jean-Hugues Dalle, Olivier Lantz, Valérie Biran, Sophie Caillat-Zucman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2018)

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are semi-invariant Vα7.2+ CD161highCD4− T cells that recognize microbial riboflavin precursor derivatives such as 5-OP-RU presented by MR1. Human MAIT cells are abundant in adult blood, but there are very few in cord blood. We longitudinally studied Vα7.2+ CD161high T cell and related subset levels in infancy and after cord blood transplantation. We show that Vα7.2+ and Vα7.2− CD161high T cells are generated early during gestation and likely share a common prenatal developmental program. Among cord blood Vα7.2+ CD161high T cells, the minority recognizing MR1:5-OP-RU display a TRAV/TRBV repertoire very similar to adult MAIT cells. Within a few weeks of life, only the MR1:5-OP-RU reactive Vα7.2+ CD161high T cells acquire a memory phenotype. Only these cells expand to form the adult MAIT pool, diluting out other Vα7.2+ CD161high and Vα7.2− CD161high populations, in a process requiring at least 6 years to reach adult levels. Thus, the high clonal size of adult MAIT cells is antigen-driven and likely due to the fine specificity of the TCRαβ chains recognizing MR1-restricted microbial antigens.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Angiography-Based Quantitative Flow Ratio Measurements for Online Assessment of Coronary Stenosis
Authors: Bo Xu, Shengxian Tu, Shubin Qiao, Xinkai Qu, Yundai Chen, Junqing Yang, Lijun Guo, Zhongwei Sun, Zehang Li, Feng Tian, Weiyi Fang, Jiyan Chen, Wei Li, Changdong Guan, Niels R. Holm, William Wijns, Shengshou Hu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Birth options after a caesarean section
Authors: Jane E Norman, Sarah J Stock
Journal: BMJ (2018)

### What you need to know A 30 year old woman at 36 weeks’ gestation in her second pregnancy asks about her options for delivery. Her previous baby was born by emergency caesarean section at 39 weeks, after breech presentation was diagnosed in labour. Birth options after an earlier caesarean section include Both are reasonable options for most women. The rates of serious maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes with either of the strategies are low.1 Pregnancy complications might alter the risks and benefits of each delivery strategy. ERCS is recommended in some scenarios (box 1), but an exploration of the woman’s wishes and shared decision making is vital. Women attribute different values to the benefits and risks of either approach. Studies from the UK and US show that around 50% of women attempted a vaginal birth after one previous caesarean section.456 Box 1 ### Indications for elective caesarean section23 #### Fetal complications #### Maternal complicationsRETURN TO TEXT
Increased Risk of Severe Hypoglycemic Events Before and After Cardiovascular Outcomes in TECOS Suggests an At-Risk Type 2 Diabetes Frail Patient Phenotype
Authors: Eberhard Standl, Susanna R. Stevens, Paul W. Armstrong, John B. Buse, Juliana C.N. Chan, Jennifer B. Green, John M. Lachin, Andre Scheen, Florence Travert, Frans Van de Werf, Eric D. Peterson, Rury R. Holman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

OBJECTIVE Severe hypoglycemic events (SHEs) in type 2 diabetes are associated with subsequent cardiovascular (CV) event risk. We examined whether CV events were associated with subsequent SHE risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Time-dependent associations between SHEs and a composite CV end point (fatal/nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, hospitalization for heart failure [hHF]) were examined post hoc in 14,671 TECOS (Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes With Sitagliptin) participants with type 2 diabetes and CV disease followed for a median of 3.0 years. RESULTS SHEs were uncommon and unassociated with sitagliptin therapy (N = 160 [2.2%], 0.78/100 patient-years vs. N = 143 [1.9%], 0.70/100 patient-years for placebo; hazard ratio [HR] 1.12 [95% CI 0.89, 1.40], P = 0.33). Patients with (versus without) SHEs were older with longer diabetes duration, lower body weight, and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate; were more frequently women, nonwhite, and insulin treated; and more often had microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria. Analyses adjusted for clinical factors showed SHEs were associated with increased risk of the primary composite CV end point (1.55 [1.06, 2.28], P = 0.025), all-cause death (1.83 [1.22, 2.75], P = 0.004), and CV death (1.72 [1.02, 2.87], P = 0.040). Conversely, nonfatal myocardial infarction (3.02 [1.83, 4.96], P &amp;lt; 0.001), nonfatal stroke (2.77 [1.36, 5.63], P = 0.005), and hHF (3.68 [2.13, 6.36], P &amp;lt; 0.001) were associated with increased risk of SHEs. Fully adjusted models showed no association between SHEs and subsequent CV or hHF events, but the association between CV events and subsequent SHEs remained robust. CONCLUSIONS These findings, showing greater risk of SHEs after CV events and greater risk of CV events after SHEs, suggest a common at-risk type 2 diabetes frail patient phenotype.
Integrative Analysis of 1001 Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Identifies Novel Oncogenic Roles for Rhoa
Authors: Jenny Zhang, Anupama Reddy, Nicholas Davis, Andrea Moffitt, Cassandra Love, Alexander Waldrop, Sirpa Leppa, Annika Pasanen, Leo Meriranta, Marja-Liisa Karjalainen-Lindsberg, Peter H. Norgaard, Mette Ø Pedersen, Anne Ortved Gang, Estrid Hogdall, Tayla Heavican, Waseem Lone, Javeed Iqbal, Guojie Li, So Young Kim, Jane Healy, Kristy L. Richards, Yuri Fedoriw, Leon Bernal-Mizrachi, Jean L. Koff, Ashley D. Staton, Christopher Flowers, Ora Paltiel-Clarfield, Neta Goldschmidt, Maria Calaminici, Andrew James Clear, John G. Gribben, Evelyn Nguyen, Magdalena Czader, Sarah L. Ondrejka, Angela Collie, Eric D. Hsi, Eric Tse, Rex Au-Yeung, Yok-Lam Kwong, Gopesh Srivastava, William Choi, Andrew M Evens, Monika Pilichowska, Manju Sengar, Nishitha Reddy, Shaoying Li, Amy Chadburn, Leo I. Gordon, Elaine S. Jaffe, Rachel Rempel, Tiffany Tzeng, Tushar Dave, Lanie Happ, Deepthi Rajagopalan, Jyotishka Datta, David Dunson, Sandeep Dave
Journal: Blood (2017)
The innate immune system in chronic cardiomyopathy: a European Society of Cardiology (ESC) scientific statement from the Working Group on Myocardial Function of the ESC
Authors: Stefan Frantz, Ines Falcao‐Pires, Jean‐Luc Balligand, Johann Bauersachs, Dirk Brutsaert, Michele Ciccarelli, Dana Dawson, Leon J. de Windt, Mauro Giacca, Nazha Hamdani, Denise Hilfiker‐Kleiner, Emilio Hirsch, Adelino Leite‐Moreira, Manuel Mayr, Thomas Thum, Carlo G. Tocchetti, Jolanda van der Velden, Gilda Varricchi, Stephane Heymans
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2018)

Activation of the immune system in heart failure (HF) has been recognized for over 20 years. Initially, experimental studies demonstrated a maladaptive role of the immune system. However, several phase III trials failed to show beneficial effects in HF with therapies directed against an immune activation. Preclinical studies today describe positive and negative effects of immune activation in HF. These different effects depend on timing and aetiology of HF. Therefore, herein we give a detailed review on immune mechanisms and their importance for the development of HF with a special focus on commonalities and differences between different forms of cardiomyopathies. The role of the immune system in ischaemic, hypertensive, diabetic, toxic, viral, genetic, peripartum, and autoimmune cardiomyopathy is discussed in depth. Overall, initial damage to the heart leads to disease specific activation of the immune system whereas in the chronic phase of HF overlapping mechanisms occur in different aetiologies.
Allergic diseases in childhood: What allergic sensitization can teach us?
Authors: Carolina S. Aranda, Renata Cocco, Felipe Pierotti, Marcia Carvalho Mallozi, Neusa F. Wandalsen, Jackeline Motta Franco, Lillian L. Moraes, Ekaterine S. Goudouris, Arnaldo Carlos Porto Neto, Emanuel S. Sarinho, Nelson Augusto Rosario, Antonio Carlos Pastorino, Flavio Sano, Maria Letícia Freitas Silva Chavarria, Magnus Borres, Dirceu Sole
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Prediction of off-target activities for the end-to-end design of CRISPR guide RNAs
Authors: Jennifer Listgarten, Michael Weinstein, Benjamin P. Kleinstiver, Alexander A. Sousa, J. Keith Joung, Jake Crawford, Kevin Gao, Luong Hoang, Melih Elibol, John G. Doench, Nicolo Fusi
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2018)
Stimuli-Responsive Nanomedicines for Overcoming Cancer Multidrug Resistance
Authors: Lei Zhou, Hao Wang, Yaping Li
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Chemotherapy is still a main option for cancer therapy, but its efficacy is often unsatisfying due to multidrug resistance (MDR). The tumor microenvironment is considered a dominant factor causing MDR. Stimuli-responsive nanomedicines exhibit many superiorities for reversal of MDR. As smart systems, stimuli-responsive nanomedicines are desirable for achieving site-specific accumulation and triggered drug release in response to slight changes in physicochemical properties in pathological conditions or to exogenous stimuli. In this review, we highlight the current progress of various nanomedicines with different stimuli-responsive capabilities for overcoming MDR. The materials, design, construction as well as efficacy in overcoming MDR of these nanomedicines are discussed. Eventually, we look forward to forthcoming intelligent nanoparticle systems with new mechanisms to deliver drugs for practical applications in conquering cancer MDR.
Esophageal IgG4 and Eosinophilic Inflammation Correlate in Subjects Undergoing Peanut Oral Immunotherapy
Authors: Benjamin L. Wright, Matthew A. Rank, Kelly S. Shim, Alfred D. Doyle, Elizabeth A. Jacobsen, Monali Manohar, Bryan J. Bunning, R. Sharon Chinthrajah, Wenming Zhang, Kari C. Nadeau
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2018)
Risk of suicide and non-fatal self-harm after bariatric surgery: results from two matched cohort studies
Authors: Martin Neovius, Gustaf Bruze, Peter Jacobson, Kajsa Sjöholm, Kari Johansson, Fredrik Granath, Johan Sundström, Ingmar Näslund, Claude Marcus, Johan Ottosson, Markku Peltonen, Lena M S Carlsson
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2018)
Young women with BRCA mutation can safely postpone radical surgery
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Young women with breast cancer and a BRCA mutation do not need to rush to have a double mastectomy, after a large prospective study found that breast conservation with radiotherapy was a safe option in the first decade after diagnosis. Experts said that young women with a BRCA mutation should take time to discuss whether radical breast surgery was the right choice for them.

The study, published in the Lancet Oncology , found that survival after treatment of women with a BRCA mutation was similar to overall survival in women without the mutation—at least for the first 10 years.1

The POSH study included 2733 women recruited between 2000 and 2008 from 127 hospitals in the UK. The women were all aged 40 years or younger when they were first given a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer. Genotyping detected a BRCA mutation in 12% of the women: 201 patients with the BRCA1 …
Menopausal Estrogen Therapy and Breast Cancer Mortality—Reply
Authors: JoAnn E. Manson, Aaron K. Aragaki, Jacques E. Rossouw
Journal: JAMA (2018)

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Unique genetic profiles from cerebrospinal fluid cell-free DNA in leptomeningeal metastases of EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer: a new medium of liquid biopsy
Authors: Y.S. Li, B.Y. Jiang, J.J. Yang, X.C. Zhang, Z. Zhang, J.Y. Ye, W.Z. Zhong, H.Y. Tu, H.J. Chen, Z. Wang, C.R. Xu, B.C. Wang, H.J. Du, S. Chuai, H. Han-Zhang, J. Su, Q. Zhou, X.N. Yang, W.B. Guo, H.H. Yan, Y.H. Liu, L.X. Yan, B. Huang, M.M. Zheng, Y.L. Wu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Therapy-Related Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma in the Elderly
Authors: Kevin C. Miller, Aref Al-Kali, William J. Hogan, Michelle A. Elliott, Kebede H. Begna, Naseema Gangat, Mrinal M. Patnaik, Lisa Sproat, James M. Foran, Mark R. Litzow, Hassan B. Alkhateeb
Journal: Blood (2017)
Assessment of Linked Associations in Predictors of Life Expectancy Inequality
Authors: Murtaza Akhter
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

While brand OCP prescribing has declined, its share of total spending has not decreased, reflecting a possible increase of the relative price of brand OCPs to generic OCPs.The potential out-of-pocket savings from prescribing generic instead of brand OCPs are significant.Our study is limited by a lack of data on off-label prescribing of OCPs and pharmaceutical rebates, which are not accounted for in the MEPS.These results underscore the foregone opportunities of generic prescribing as a strategy to reduce health care costs and highlight the challenges in promoting generic OCP prescribing.
Sexually transmitted infections in the era of antiretroviral-based HIV prevention: Priorities for discovery research, implementation science, and community involvement
Authors: Jeanne M. Marrazzo, Julia C. Dombrowski, Kenneth H. Mayer
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2018)

Jeanne M. Marrazzo and colleagues join PLOS Medicine's Collection on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of STIs with a Perspective on HIV research imperatives in our time of effective viral suppression and pre-exposure prophylaxis.
Patient selection in major upper abdominal surgery for cancer in octogenarians
Authors: Lara C. Pullen
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2018)

Key Points The overall rates of major upper abdominal cancer resections in octogenarians have increased over time. The number of major liver and pancreatic resections for cancer in this demographic has more than doubled from 2001 to 2011. This trend may be the result of an emboldened surgical approach within the context of increasingly favorable inpatient mortality rates from elective surgeries of the pancreas and liver.
Active for Health Rotherham: be active to stay healthy
Authors: Rebecca Atchinson, Gabbi Frith, Amy Roden, Robert J Copeland, Lindsey J Reece
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

### Programme card

#### Country/locality/coverage

#### Target population

#### What modes/types/domains of physical activity does the programme promote?

#### Which of the seven best investments does the programme address?

#### What sectors does it involve?

#### Estimated programme reach

#### What is special about this programme?

#### Key programme details

Active for Health is a physical activity and sport programme that aims to make it easier for people with a long-term condition (cancer, stroke, cardiac, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lower back pain, a recent fall or fracture) to become more physically active in a safe way. To achieve this, the programme provides a seamless pathway of care from clinical rehabilitation services, including cardiac rehabilitation and cancer treatment delivered within the National Health Service (NHS), through to community physical activity provision.

Active for Health adopts a multiagency …
Fetal and early life antibiotics exposure and very early onset inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study
Authors: Anne K Örtqvist, Cecilia Lundholm, Jonas Halfvarson, Jonas F Ludvigsson, Catarina Almqvist
Journal: Gut (2018)

Earlier studies on antibiotics exposure and development of IBD (Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)) may have been biased by familial factors and gastroenteritis. We aimed to estimate the association between antibiotics during pregnancy or infantile age and very early onset (VEO) IBD.In this cohort study of 827 239 children born in Sweden between 2006 and 2013, we examined the link between exposure to systemic antibiotics and VEO-IBD (diagnosis <6 years of age), using Cox proportional hazard regression models. Information on antibiotics and IBD was retrieved from the nationwide population-based Swedish Prescribed Drug Register and the National Patient Register. We specifically examined potential confounding from parental IBD and gastroenteritis.Children exposed to antibiotics during pregnancy were at increased risk of IBD compared with general population controls (adjusted HR (aHR) 1.93; 95% CI 1.06 to 3.50). Corresponding aHRs were 2.48 (95% CI 1.01 to 6.08) for CD and 1.25 (95% CI 0.47 to 3.26) for UC, respectively. For antibiotics in infantile age, the aHR for IBD was 1.11 (95% CI 0.57 to 2.15); for CD 0.72 (95% CI 0.27 to 1.92) and 1.23 (95% CI 0.45 to 3.39) for UC. Excluding children with gastroenteritis 12 months prior to the first IBD diagnosis retained similar aHR for antibiotics during pregnancy and CD, while the association no longer remained significant for IBD.We found that exposure to antibiotics during pregnancy, but not in infantile age, is associated with an increased risk of VEO-IBD regardless of gastroenteritis. The risk increase for exposure in pregnancy may be due to changes in the microbiota.
HIV-Positive Kidney Donor Selection for HIV-Positive Transplant Recipients
Authors: Elmi Muller, Zunaid Barday
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2018)

The risks associated with transplanting HIV-positive kidneys into HIV-positive recipients have not been well studied. Since 2008, 43 kidneys from 25 HIV-positive deceased donors have been transplanted into patients who are HIV positive in Cape Town, South Africa. Among the donors, 19 (76%) died secondary to trauma. The average age for donors was 34 (interquartile range, 19-52) years old. In some donors, only one kidney was used because of a limited number of suitable recipients on the waiting list. Only two donors had been previously exposed to antiretroviral triple therapy. In 23 of the deceased organ donors, the HIV status was not known before the time of death. Initial concerns about transplanting HIV-positive allografts into HIV-positive recipients in this clinic revolved around the possibility of HIV superinfection. However, all recipients remained virally suppressed several years after the transplant. Only one recipient experienced an increased viral load after the transplant, which was related to a period of noncompliance on her medication. After counseling and improved compliance, the viral load decreased and became suppressed again. Herein, we discuss the findings of this study and review the literature available on this crucial topic.
SF3B1 Gene Expression in Erythroid Cells Is Regulated By Intron Retention Via a Posttranscriptional Mechanism Involving Cryptic Exons Proposed to Function As Splicing Decoys
Authors: Marilyn Parra, Benjamin W Booth, Gene W Yeo, Richard Weiszmann, Susan E Celniker, James B Brown, John G Conboy
Journal: Blood (2017)