Abstract 4588: Prognostic association of plasma cell free DNA (cfDNA) copy number variation based algorithmic score with survival in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)
Authors: Manish Kohli, Meijun Du, Liang Wang, Chiang-Ching Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Introduction: Survival in mCRPC stage is heterogeneous and in this stage no molecular predictors of survival are known. Elevated circulating tumor cell (CTC) counts (&amp;gt;5/7.5 ml blood CellSearch® assay) is the only FDA cleared prognostic biomarker in mCRPC stage that predicts poor prognosis but is not routinely performed in clinical practice. We evaluated a novel plasma cfDNA based molecular algorithmic score which is based on copy number variations (CNVs) in multiple candidate genes as a prognostic predictor of survival and also compared it to CTCs. Methods: We obtained biospecimens in a prospective cohort study (NCT#01953640) conducted in mCRPC patients who demonstrated progression on androgen deprivation therapy and were candidates to initiate pre-chemotherapy abiraterone acetate/prednisone (AA/P). Biospecimen collection was performed prior to initiating AA/P and included plasma and CTCs, both obtained at the same time. All samples underwent uniform processing. Cellsearch® assay was used for enumerating CTC counts. Plasma cfDNA was extracted using Qiagen whole blood kit and low pass sequencing was performed in the extracted plasma cfDNA and germline DNA. An algorithmic score based on CNVs in 13 candidate genes was developed after calculating an Absolute Log2 Ratio (ALR) for each pre-selected gene. The sum of ALRs for these 13 genes were combined to make a “Plasma Genome Abnormality” (PGA) score which was evaluated for association with the primary endpoint of overall survival (OS) using Hazard ratio (HR) with significance set at p ≤ 0.05. Association of concurrently collected CTC counts with OS was also determined. The PGA score based survival was adjusted for CTC counts in the final analysis. Results: Plasma and CTCs were available for analysis in 72/90 enrolled patients between 05/2013 and 09/2015 with the last enrolled patient having completed 23.5 months follow-up. 45/72 patients have died of cancer progression and the median OS of the cohort is 26.5 months (IQR: 19-46). The median plasma cfDNA amount obtained was 7.2 (Range: 1.6-70.4)ng/ml plasma and the median CTC count is 1/7.5ml blood (range: 0-308). The median PGA score was 1.108 (Range: 0.56-6.96) and the CNV based PGA score was observed to be associated with OS (HR: 1.63; 95% C.I: 1.144, 2.308); p-value= 0.0066). Association of elevated CTC counts (≥ 5/7.5 ml blood) with OS showed a statistically significant trend (HR: 1.92; CI: 0.99 - 3.7; p-value 0.051). After adjusting for CTC counts, an increased PGA score remained predictive of poor survival (HR: 1.52; 95% CI: (1.04, 2.21); p-value 0.028). Conclusions: In this cohort the PGA score, a molecular algorithm predictor based on plasma cfDNA copy number variations in candidate genes was a better prognostic marker of survival than CTC counts and potentially offers a biomarker tool which could be adopted for wider clinical application. Citation Format: Manish Kohli, Meijun Du, Liang Wang, Chiang-Ching Huang. Prognostic association of plasma cell free DNA (cfDNA) copy number variation based algorithmic score with survival in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4588.