tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Single Versus Standard Multiview Assessment of Global Longitudinal Strain for the Diagnosis of Cardiotoxicity During Cancer Therapy
Authors: Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, Tomoko Negishi, Marc-Andre Coté, Martin Penicka, Richard Massey, Goo-Yeong Cho, Krassimira Hristova, Dragos Vinereanu, Bogdan A. Popescu, Masaki Izumo, Kazuaki Negishi, Thomas H. Marwick, Svend Aakhus, Manish Bansal, Andreea Calin, Jelena Celutkiene, Nobuyuki Fukuda, Krassimira Hristova, Masaki Izumo, Andre La Gerche, Julie Lemieux, Diana Mihalcea, Philip Mottram, Ryoko Morimoto Ichikawa, Mark Nolan, Tomas Ondrus, Stéphanie Seldrum, Mitra Shirazi, Evgeny Shkolnik, Babitha Thampinathan, Liza Thomas, Hirotsugu Yamada, Satoshi Yuda, Eitan Amir
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2018)
When Low-Risk Atrial Fibrillation Is Not So Low Risk
Authors: Benjamin A. Steinberg, Jonathan P. Piccini
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Eliminate “toxic” trans fats from food by 2023, WHO urges
Authors: Jacqui Thornton
Journal: BMJ (2018)

The World Health Organization has called on all governments to use a new toolkit to effectively eliminate “toxic” industrially produced trans fats from food supplies by 2023.

Trans fats, such as margarine and ghee, are believed to contribute to more than 500 000 deaths every year globally from cardiovascular disease, according to WHO.1 It said that diets high in trans fats increase heart disease risk by 21% and deaths by 28%.

Denmark, followed by Ecuador, Iceland, Norway, Singapore, and South Africa have already set limits on trans fats of 2% in all foods. WHO issued a package of actions, called “REPLACE,”2 to enable other governments to follow their best practice lead.

In the UK, the government has resisted pressure from campaign groups to legislate to ban trans fats. Instead, …
IGF-1 facilitates thrombopoiesis primarily through Akt activation
Authors: Shilei Chen, Mengjia Hu, Mingqiang Shen, Song Wang, Cheng Wang, Fang Chen, Yong Tang, Xinmiao Wang, Hao Zeng, Mo Chen, Jining Gao, Fengchao Wang, Yongping Su, Yang Xu, Junping Wang
Journal: Blood (2018)
Outcomes of Care for Ischemic Heart Disease and Chronic Heart Failure in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Peter W. Groeneveld, Elina L. Medvedeva, Lorrie Walker, Andrea G. Segal, Diane M. Richardson, Andrew J. Epstein
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) operates a nationwide system of hospitals and hospital-affiliated clinics, providing health care to more than 2 million veterans with cardiovascular disease. While data permitting hospital comparisons of the outcomes of acute cardiovascular care (eg, myocardial infarction) are publicly available, little is known about variation across VA medical centers (VAMCs) in outcomes of care for populations of patients with chronic, high-risk cardiovascular conditions.
Reforming the 340B Drug Pricing Program
Authors: Allan J. Coukell, Sean Dickson
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Abstract 16704: Role of Statins in Heart Transplant Recipients: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Ajay Vallakati, Siddharth Reddy, Mark Dunlap, David Taylor
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Statins, through their immunomodulatory effects, may prevent cardiac allograft dysfunction in heart transplant recipients. Current International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) guidelines recommend the use of statins in these patients. Though several studies have demonstrated significant survival benefit with statin use, a pooled analysis evaluating the role of statins in heart transplant recipients has not been performed to date. We conducted a meta-analysis to study the effect of statins on outcomes in heart transplant recipients. Methods: We searched PubMed for all published studies comparing statins with controls in heart transplant recipients. Outcomes studied included all-cause mortality and hemodynamically significant / fatal rejection. All studies reporting these outcomes were included in the pooled analysis. Random effects model with Mantel-Haenszel method was used to analyze the outcomes. Results: We identified 9 studies (n = 2062) which compared outcomes in heart transplant recipients receiving statins (n = 1449) with that of those not receiving statins (n = 613). Of the 9 studies, 4 were randomized controlled trials and 5 were retrospective studies. There was no heterogeneity across the studies (mortality - I2 = 0%, rejection - I2 = 19%). The use of statins was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.21-0.37, p &lt; 0.0001). Statins also significantly decreased hemodynamically significant / fatal rejections (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.25-0.69, p &lt; 0.0001) Conclusion: Statins provide significant survival benefit and reduce cardiac allograft rejection in heart transplant recipients.
Ribociclib plus endocrine therapy for premenopausal women with hormone-receptor-positive, advanced breast cancer (MONALEESA-7): a randomised phase 3 trial
Authors: Debu Tripathy, Seock-Ah Im, Marco Colleoni, Fabio Franke, Aditya Bardia, Nadia Harbeck, Sara A Hurvitz, Louis Chow, Joohyuk Sohn, Keun Seok Lee, Saul Campos-Gomez, Rafael Villanueva Vazquez, Kyung Hae Jung, K Govind Babu, Paul Wheatley-Price, Michelino De Laurentiis, Young-Hyuck Im, Sherko Kuemmel, Nagi El-Saghir, Mei-Ching Liu, Gary Carlson, Gareth Hughes, Ivan Diaz-Padilla, Caroline Germa, Samit Hirawat, Yen-Shen Lu
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2018)
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in South Asians in the United States: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Treatments: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Annabelle Santos Volgman, Latha S. Palaniappan, Neelum T. Aggarwal, Milan Gupta, Abha Khandelwal, Aruna V. Krishnan, Judith H. Lichtman, Laxmi S. Mehta, Hena N. Patel, Kevin S. Shah, Svati H. Shah, Karol E. Watson
Journal: Circulation (2018)

South Asians (from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) make up one quarter of the world’s population and are one of the fastest-growing ethnic groups in the United States. Although native South Asians share genetic and cultural risk factors with South Asians abroad, South Asians in the United States can differ in socioeconomic status, education, healthcare behaviors, attitudes, and health insurance, which can affect their risk and the treatment and outcomes of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). South Asians have higher proportional mortality rates from ASCVD compared with other Asian groups and non-Hispanic whites, in contrast to the finding that Asian Americans (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese) aggregated as a group are at lower risk of ASCVD, largely because of the lower risk observed in East Asian populations. Literature relevant to South Asian populations regarding demographics and risk factors, health behaviors, and interventions, including physical activity, diet, medications, and community strategies, is summarized. The evidence to date is that the biology of ASCVD is complex but is no different in South Asians than in any other racial/ethnic group. A majority of the risk in South Asians can be explained by the increased prevalence of known risk factors, especially those related to insulin resistance, and no unique risk factors in this population have been found. This scientific statement focuses on how ASCVD risk factors affect the South Asian population in order to make recommendations for clinical strategies to reduce disease and for directions for future research to reduce ASCVD in this population.
Epigenetic modifications of conjugate linoleic acid (CLA) on tumor suppressor gene, protein tyrosine phosphatase γ (PTPγ), in MCF-7 cells
Authors: Li-Shu Wang, Yi-Wen Huang, Weiping Ye, Suling Liu, Pearlly Yan, Young Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

2570   Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) are naturally occurring compounds found in ruminant products such as cheese and beef and has been shown to possess anti-cancer activities in  in vivo  and  in vitro . It is widely accepted that epigenetic events, DNA methylation and histone modification affect the status of gene expression. Epigenetic aberrations plays a role in tumorigenesis and are involved in the silencing of tumor suppressor genes. Protein tyrosine phosphatase γ (PTPγ) has been implicated as an estrogen (E 2 )-regulated candidate tumor suppressor gene in breast, ovarian and lung tumors. Our lab has previously demonstrated that CLA up-regulated PTPγ in human breast cells. This study is to examine whether CLA-mediated up-regulation of PTPγ expression is regulated by epigenetic modification in MCF-7 cells.  One of the most potent CLA isomer,  t 10,  c 12-CLA (10-40 μM), was used to examine CLA’s anti-proliferative activities by MTS and soft agar assays. Cell proliferation and colony formation were suppressed by 3 and 10 days of  t 10, c 12-CLA (10-40 μM) treatment by 20-30% and 35-50%, correspondingly.  t 10,  c 12-CLA (10-40 μM, 3 days) significantly decreased DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) protein expression by 20-30% and 40-50%, respectively. Furthermore, the combinative effects of  t 10, c 12-CLA (10-40 μM), 5-Azacytidine (5-Aza-CR, 1-10 μM, DNMT inhibitor), and Trichostatin A (TSA, 0.1-1 μM, HDAC inhibitor) on PTPγ protein expression were examined by western blot analysis. Our results showed that PTPγ protein expression was up-regulated by  t 10,  c 12-CLA (1.5-1.8 fold), 5-Aza-CR (1.2-1.5 fold) and TSA (1.6-2 fold). The combination of  t 10,  c 12-CLA (40 μM) and 5-Aza-CR (1-10 μM), or  t 10, c 12-CLA (40 μM) and TSA (0.1-1 μM) further increased PTPγ protein expression by 2.5-3 or 2-2.5 fold, respectively.  Our experimental data suggest that epigenetic modification of PTPγ expression induced by CLA alone or synergistically enhanced by the combined treatment of 5-Aza-CR and TSA are practical important and clinical relevance. It is noteworthy that a natural food component produced from the fermentation of rumen bacterium in food-producing ruminants such as beef and dairy cattle has health significance to the consumers at large and also for chemoprevention purposes. The beneficial effects of low level and long-term daily consumption of CLA-enriched beef and dairy products may serve as potent natural demethylation compounds. Further basic research targeting the elucidation of regulatory mechanisms of epigenetic modification of chemopreventive food component, such as CLA is on-going in our lab. (Supported by NIH grants CA95915, ES0521-01 and IAMS Research Fund).
Association between Air Pollution and Lung Function Growth in Southern California Children
Authors: W. James Gauderman, G. Frank Gilliland, Hita Vora, Edward Avol, Daniel Stram, Rob McConnell, Duncan Thomas, Fred Lurmann, Helene G. Margolis, Edward B. Rappaport, Kiros Berhane, John M. Peters
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

A cohort of 1,678 Southern California children, enrolled as fourth graders in 1996, was followed for 4 years to determine whether the growth in lung function of the children was associated with their exposure to ambient air pollutants. These subjects comprised the second cohort of fourth grade children participating in the Children's Health Study. Significant deficits in lung function growth rate were associated with exposure to acid vapor, NO2, particles with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), and elemental carbon. For example, the average annual growth rates of maximal midexpiratory flow and forced expiratory volume in 1 second were reduced by approximately 11% (p = 0.005) and 5% (p = 0.03), respectively, across the observed range of acid exposure. Exposure to acid vapor was also associated with reductions in the ratio of maximal midexpiratory flow to forced vital capacity (p = 0.02), whereas exposure to ozone was correlated with reduced growth in peak flow rate (p = 0.006). Larger deficits in lung function growth rate were observed in children who reported spending more time outdoors. These findings provide important replication of our previous findings of an effect of air pollution on lung function growth that were based on the first fourth-grade cohort from the Children's Health Study (Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;162:1383–1390).
Abstract 14883: Pulmonary Vein Remodeling After PVI; Insights From Cardiac MRI
Authors: Shimaa S Khidr, Sahadev T Reddy, Mark Doyle, Victor Farah, Diane Vido, Richard Lombardi, Ronald Williams, June Yamrozik, William Belden, Mohamed Abdel Ghany, Hosam H Elaraby, Doaa Fouad, Moneal Shah, Robert W Biederman
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background:  Pulmonary vein remodeling has been proposed as a mechanism leading to sustaining of normal sinus rhythm following successful pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation (AF).   Hypothesis:  Assuming a robust and reproducible technique for pulmonary vein (PV) measurement, we hypothesized that PV anatomy would finitely parallel and potentially predict PVI response rate.   Methods:  We evaluated 91 patients with AF who had CMR before and 6±2 months after PVI. Each pulmonary vein cross sectional areas (CSA) and LA volume was measured from the 3D MRA of the left atrium and pulmonary veins within 1cm of the ostium using triangulation technology. Patients were divided into responders (R) and non responders (NR), depending on two 15-day Holter monitor and were classified as (R) if they had none or    Results:  Using a 3D triangulation MRA technique, all (100%) of the 364 PV’s were successfully measured. Holter-defined 66 patients (73%) as R while 25 (27%) were NR with similar mean age; BSA, PVI technique and antiarrhythmic therapies (p=NS). While all four pulmonary veins in each patient and the LA volume were significantly reduced in size post procedure in both groups (15±30 vs. 9±30%, p 2 =0.25).   Conclusion:  Despite the clearly favorable effects of PVI on LV and LA remodeling Cluster analysis demonstrates that AF recurrence is likely far more due to physiologic and electrical factors rather than technical (abalation approaches) issues. parameters, classically observed parallel remodeling effects on PV anatomy, despite multiple statistical approaches, was not present. Likewise, PV size remarkably failed to predict PVI response rate. This indicates that PV size counterintuitively plays a passive role in maintenance of NSR, potentially acting merely as an epiphenomenon.
HIV-1 Vaccines Based on Antibody Identification, B Cell Ontogeny, and Epitope Structure
Authors: Peter D. Kwong, John R. Mascola
Journal: Immunity (2018)

HIV-1 vaccine development has been stymied by an inability to induce broadly reactive neutralizing antibodies to the envelope (Env) trimer, the sole viral antigen on the virion surface. Antibodies isolated from HIV-1-infected donors, however, have been shown to recognize all major exposed regions of the prefusion-closed Env trimer, and an emerging understanding of the immunological and structural characteristics of these antibodies and the epitopes they recognize is enabling new approaches to vaccine design. Antibody lineage-based design creates immunogens that activate the naive ancestor-B cell of a target antibody lineage and that mature intermediate-B cells toward effective neutralization, with proof of principle achieved with select HIV-1-neutralizing antibody lineages in human-gene knock-in mouse models. Epitope-based vaccine design involves the engineering of sites of Env vulnerability as defined by the recognition of broadly neutralizing antibodies, with cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies elicited in animal models. Both epitope-based and antibody lineage-based HIV-1 vaccine approaches are being readied for human clinical trials.
A bioactive implant in situ and long-term releases combined drugs for treatment of osteoarticular tuberculosis
Authors: Chao-Xi Zhou, Litao Li, Yi-Guang Ma, Bing-Nan Li, Guang Li, Zhihang Zhou, Feng Shi, Jie Weng, Cong Zhang, Fenghua Wang, Xu Cui, Lei Wang, Hao Wang
Journal: Biomaterials (2018)
Transcatheter Interatrial Shunt Device Provides Sustained Clinical Benefit at One Year in Patients With Preserved or Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction: The REDUCE LAP Heart Failure Trial
Authors: David Kaye, Gerd Hasenfuss, Petr Neuzil, Marco Post, Rob Doughty, Jean-Noel Trochu, Adam Kolodziej, Ralf Westenfeld, Martin Penicka, Mark Rosenberg, Jörg Hausleiter, Philip Raake, Mark Petrie, Martin Bergmann, Guillaume Jondeau, Frank Silvestry, Chris Hayward
Journal: Circulation (2016)
The transcription factor Bhlhe40 is a switch of inflammatory versus antiinflammatory Th1 cell fate determination
Authors: Fang Yu, Suveena Sharma, Dragana Jankovic, Rama Krishna Gurram, Pan Su, Gangqing Hu, Rao Li, Sadiye Rieder, Keji Zhao, Bing Sun, Jinfang Zhu
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2018)

Type 1 T helper (Th1) cells play a critical role in host defense against intracellular pathogens and in autoimmune diseases by producing a key inflammatory cytokine interferon (IFN)–γ; some Th1 cells can also be antiinflammatory through producing IL-10. However, the molecular switch for regulating the differentiation of inflammatory and antiinflammatory Th1 cells is still elusive. Here, we show that Bhlhe40-deficient CD4 Th1 cells produced less IFN-γ but substantially more IL-10 than wild-type Th1 cells both in vitro and in vivo. Bhlhe40-mediated IFN-γ production was independent of transcription factor T-bet regulation. Mice with conditional deletion of Bhlhe40 in T cells succumbed to Toxoplasma gondii infection, and blockade of IL-10 signaling during infection rescued these mice from death. Thus, our results demonstrate that transcription factor Bhlhe40 is a molecular switch for determining the fate of inflammatory and antiinflammatory Th1 cells.
Abstract IA28: Using mouse models to develop therapies for Ras-driven cancers
Authors: Karen Cichowski
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Selective kinase inhibitors have changed the standard of care in cancers that are driven by oncogenic kinases. Nevertheless, therapeutic effects are often temporary and it is becoming increasingly apparent that the majority of human malignancies will not be eradicated by a single drug. Ras-driven cancers are particularly problematic; agents that target individual Ras effectors are ineffective and successful therapeutic combinations have not yet been identified. Therefore, it is imperative that we rationally conceptualize and test new therapeutic combinations that either function to suppress orthogonal pathways in tumors or converge on a specific cancer-cell vulnerability. Mouse models provide a powerful tool to identify and evaluate such combinations. Not only can they be used to identify critical therapeutic targets and dissect therapeutic mechanisms of action, but they can also directly inform clinical trials. In this presentation therapeutic strategies that (co)target kinases, epigenetic regulators, and immunoregulatory proteins will be discussed. Importantly, the mechanisms by which various combinations function reveal nodal points of convergence between these distinct pathways and reveal new vulnerabilities that can be targeted in cancer. Citation Format: Karen Cichowski. Using mouse models to develop therapies for Ras-driven cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Modeling Cancer in Mice: Technology, Biology, and Beyond; 2017 Sep 24-27; Orlando, Florida. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(10 Suppl):Abstract nr IA28.
Abstract 17288: Comorbidities Associated With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Nationwide Analysis
Authors: Vidhu Anand, Jessica Kealhofer, Sushil Kumar Garg, Shah Bano
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Among heart failure (HF) patients, the estimated prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is 54%. Several epidemiological studies have identified the clinica...
Abstract 11861: Ethnic Differences in the 10-Year Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Among High Risk Individuals in a Large Contemporary Population
Authors: Jamal S Rana, Jennifer Liu, Howard H Moffet, Marc Jaffe, Andrew J Karter
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Purpose: To evaluate ethnic differences in CHD risk in high risk patient populations in 4 study cohorts: 1) No diabetes (DM) and no prior CHD 2) DM but no prior CHD, 2) non-DM with prior CHD and 3) DM with prior CHD. Methods: 1,586,061 members of an integrated health care system, with self reported race/ethnicity of Asians (14.1%), blacks (8.6%), Latinos (12.6%), and whites (64.5%), ages 30- 90 years, were evaluated from 01/01/2002 through 12/31/2011. We specified Cox proportional hazard models and compared the Hazard Ratios (HRs), relative to that of whites, for incident CHD in the 4 study cohorts. Results: The median follow up time for this cohort was ten years (10,980,800 person years). Figure shows the age and sex adjusted (squares) hazard ratios (relative to that of whites) for CHD for Blacks, Latinos and Asians, respectively for the 4 study groups. These age and sex-adjusted effect estimates were not altered substantively by further adjustment for smoking, HTN, lipid levels and statin use (figure, circles). However a slightly higher risk (HR of 1.15 95%, CI, 1.05-1.27) was noted among Blacks with prior CHD and no DM. No increase risk was noted in blacks with both DM and CHD. Conclusions: In this integrated delivery system with uniform medical care coverage, we observed slightly reduced risk or no difference in risk for Blacks, Asians, and Latinos compared to whites in all 4 risk groups, and observed a greater risk of CHD for Blacks without prior DM but with previously diagnosed CHD. These findings may inform policy development and interventions designed to identify and eliminate disparities.