tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
GP referral to prevention programme helps prevent type 2 diabetes, study finds
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Referring obese patients with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia to a diabetes prevention programme supporting weight loss and physical activity prevented progression to type 2 diabetes in more than one third of those attending, a UK primary care study has found.1

Type 2 diabetes is a major public health challenge, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke by more than five times and shortening life expectancy by an average of 10 years. The number of people with type 2 diabetes is increasing rapidly but the …
TCT-259 PERSPECTIVE Trial: Procedural, Clinical and Health Status Outcomes Among Patients Undergoing Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Revascularization
Authors: David Kandzari, Nicholas Lembo, Harold Carlson, Mike Gibson, Jayne Morgan, Sarah Rinehart, Amin Yehya, Dimitri Karmpaliotis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Budesonide exerts its chemopreventive efficacy during mouse lung tumorigenesis by modulating gene expressions.
Authors: Ruisheng Yao, William Lemon, Yian Wang, Ronald A. Lubet, Ming You
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

2366   We have performed oligonucleotide array analysis on benzopyrene (B[a]P) induced lung tumors and similar tumors treated with the glucocorticoid budesonide using Affymetrix U74Av2 GeneChips in order to determine gene expression changes associated with budesonide treatment during lung tumorigenesis. Analysis yielded 363 genes with altered expression when comparing control lung tumors and tumors treated with budesonide. 243 genes are overexpressed and 120 genes are underexpressed after budesonide treatment. In addition, 108 genes which were differentially expressed between mouse lung tumors and normal lung parenchyma (50 genes overexpressed and 58 genes underexpressed) were found to be modulated back towards normal levels in budesonide treated tumors. These genes are involved in a broad range of different pathways including control of cell proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle, signal transduction, and apoptosis. Using the pathway visualization tool GenMapp, at least four regulatory pathways were found to contain clusters of differentially expressed genes: Wnt signaling, G protein pathway, MAPK cascade and Apoptosis. Overall, we have determined, for the first time, the expression profiles of genes modulated by budesonide during murine lung tumorigenesis. Our results suggest that budesonide exerts its chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic efficacy during mouse lung tumorigenesis through induction and/or inhibition of certain genes and to some degree to revert the expression of some genes to normal levels. Pluripotent effects of budesonide on many signal pathways involving multiple transcription factors and signaling molecules is considered to play a very important role in budesonide chemopreventive/chemotherapeutic effects in mouse lung tumorigenesis. Certain of these changes might serve as potential biomarkers in Phase II trials of budesonide in humans.
TCT-487 Plasma Big Endothelin-1 and Stent Thrombosis: An Observational Study in Patients undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in China
Authors: Yan Chen, Jian-xin Li, Ying Song, Jing-jing Xu, Xiao-Fang Tang, Lin Jiang, Ping Jiang, Ru Liu, Huan-Huan Wang, Xue-yan Zhao, Jue Chen, Zhan Gao, Shu-Bin Qiao, Run-Lin Gao, Bo Xu, Jin-qing Yuan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Sorveglianza della Legionellosi in un ospedale del nord Italia nel periodo maggio 1998-settembre 1999
Authors: P Borella, A Bargelini, S Pergolizzi, R Mazzuconi, G Gesu, R Vaiani, G Stancanelli, P Nizzero, C Curti, G Aggazzotti
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1999)

In Europa, l’incidenza annuale della legionellosi nel 1997 e stata di 3.9 casi per milione di abitanti; i tassi piu bassi sono stati registrati a Malta (0) e in Norvegia (0.2), quelli piu alti in Danimarca (24.0) (1). In Italia, nello stesso anno sono stati notificati 90 casi, con un tasso pari a 1,6 per milione, il 20% dei quali e stato definito come nosocomiale (2). Probabilmente, questa bassa incidenza e da mettersi in relazione alla mancanza di notifica e/o ad errori nella diagnosi.
Augmentation du nombre d'entérocoques résistants à la vancomycine (VRE) isolés à Helsinki, Finlande
Authors: J Vuopio-Varkila, J Suppola, N Klinger, E Tarkka, E Kolho
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1997)

L'emergence des infections acquises a l'hopital causees par des bacteries resistantes aux antimicrobiens, comme les enterocoques resistants a la vancomycine (Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus, VRE), est devenue un probleme mondial. Dans les hopitaux aux Etats Unis, les VRE se sont repandus rapidement et, actuellement, ils representent un dixieme des infections a enterocoques acquises a l'hopital rapportees au systeme national de surveillance des infections nosocomiales des Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (1).
TCT-652 Impact of Lesion Complexity and Overlapping Segments on Long-Term Vascular Response to Cobalt-Chromium Everolimus-Eluting Stent: Five-Year Follow-up Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Shoichi Kuramitsu, Shinjo Sonoda, Hiroyuki Jinnouchi, Shinichi Shirai, Kenji Ando
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Small-Scale Food Animal Production and Antimicrobial Resistance: Mountain, Molehill, or Something in-between?
Authors: Jay P. Graham, Joseph N.S. Eisenberg, Gabriel Trueba, Lixin Zhang, Timothy J. Johnson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2017)

Summary: Small-scale food animal production is widely practiced around the globe, yet it is often overlooked in terms of the environmental health risks. Evidence suggests that small-scale food animal producers often employ the use of antimicrobials to improve the survival and growth of their animals, and that this practice leads to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that can potentially spread to humans. The nature of human–animal interactions in small-scale food animal production systems, generally practiced in and around the home, likely augments spillover events of AMR into the community on a scale that is currently unrecognized and deserves greater attention. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2116
Work-Family Conflict and the Sex Difference in Depression Among Training Physicians
Authors: Constance Guille, Elena Frank, Zhuo Zhao, David A. Kalmbach, Paul J. Nietert, Douglas A. Mata, Srijan Sen
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2017)

<h3>Importance</h3> Depression is common among training physicians and may disproportionately affect women. The identification of modifiable risk factors is key to reducing this disease burden and its negative impact on patient care and physician career attrition. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine the presence and magnitude of a sex difference in depressive symptoms and work-family conflict among training physicians; and if work-family conflict impacts the sex difference in depressive symptoms among training physicians. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A prospective longitudinal cohort study of medical internship in the United States during the 2015 to 2016 academic year in which 3121 interns were recruited across all specialties from 44 medical institutions. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Prior to and during their internship year, participants reported the degree to which work responsibilities interfered with family life using the Work Family Conflict Scale and depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). <h3>Results</h3> Mean (SD) participant age was 27.5 (2.7) years, and 1571 participants (49.7%) were women. Both men and women experienced a marked increase in depressive symptoms during their internship year, with the increase being statistically significantly greater for women (men: mean increase in PHQ-9, 2.50; 95% CI, 2.26-2.73 vs women: mean increase, 3.20; 95% CI, 2.97-3.43). When work-family conflict was accounted for, the sex disparity in the increase in depressive symptoms decreased by 36%. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Our study demonstrates that depressive symptoms increase substantially during the internship year for men and women, but that this increase is greater for women. The study also identifies work-family conflict as an important potentially modifiable factor that is associated with elevated depressive symptoms in training physicians. Systemic modifications to alleviate conflict between work and family life may improve physician mental health and reduce the disproportionate depression disease burden for female physicians. Given that depression among physicians is associated with poor patient care and career attrition, efforts to alleviate depression among physicians has the potential to reduce the negative consequences associated with this disease.
Deux clusters de cas humains de grippe A/H5N1 en République d’Azerbaïdjan, février–mars 2006
Authors: A Gilsdorf, N Boxall, V Gasimov, I Agayev, F Mammadzade, P Ursu, E Gasimov, C Brown, S Mardel, D Jankovic, G Pimentel, I Amir Ayoub, E Maher Labib Elassal, C Salvi, D Legros, C Pessoa da Silva, A Hay, R Andraghetti, G Rodier, B Ganter
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Suite a l’apparition du virus A/H5 chez des oiseaux domestiques et sauvages en Azerbaidjan en fevrier 2006, deux clusters de cas possibles de grippe aviaire humaine (HAI) dus a des cas de A/H5N1 ont ete detectes et rapportes au bureau regional Europe de l’OMS (Organisation mondiale de la sante) par le ministere de la Sante au cours des deux premieres semaines de mars 2006. Le 15 mars 2006, l’OMS a forme une equipe internationale, comprenant des experts en controle d’infection, en gestion clinique, en epidemiologie, en microbiologie et en communication, afin d’aider le ministere de la Sante dans ses investigation et ses actions de reponse. 
Apres une surveillance active, 22 personnes - dont 6 decedees – reparties sur 6 districts, ont fait l’objet d’une recherche de grippe aviaire. L’investigation a permis de mettre en evidence 8 cas d’infection par le virus A/H5N1 confirmes par le Centre Collaborateur OMS de la Grippe et un cas probable pour lequel aucun echantillon n’etait disponible. Les cas appartenaient a deux clusters independants sur le plan epidemiologique identifies dans les districts de Salyan (sept cas confirmes, dont 4 deces) et de Tarter (un cas confirme et un cas probable, tous deux fatals). Des contacts etroits et le fait de plumer des cygnes infectes ont ete consideres comme la source la plus plausible d’exposition au virus A/H5N1 pour le foyer de Salyan, malgre les difficultes a recueillir des informations au cours de l’investigation, du fait de la pratique d’activites illegales au cours desquelles une exposition a pu se produire (chasse et vente d’animaux sauvage et de produits derives). Ces cas constituent la premiere epidemie a l’echelon mondial au cours de laquelle des oiseaux sauvages sont la source la plus probable d’infections humaines par le virus A/H5N1. 
La mobilisation rapide de ressources pour contenir la dissemination du virus A/H5 dans les deux districts est le resultat d’une collaboration entre le ministere de la Sante, l’OMS et ses partenaires internationaux. Les activites de controle ont ete menees au moyen d’un laboratoire de terrain ou il etait possible de detecter le virus A/H5 en temps reel par RT-PCR. La surveillance quotidienne chez l’habitant entreprise dans les deux districts affectes rend peu vraisemblable l’eventualite de nouveaux cas humains de grippe aviaire non detectes.
TCT-320 Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement with the ACURATE NEO – one year results
Authors: Costanza Pellegrini, Tobias Rheude, N. Patrick Mayr, Jonathan Michel, Teresa Trenkwalder, Michael Joner, Adnan Kastrati, Heribert Schunkert, Oliver Husser, Christian Hengstenberg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
46-Year Trends in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Mortality in the United States, 1968 to 2013
Authors: Eric Y. Yen, Magda Shaheen, Jennifer M.P. Woo, Neil Mercer, Ning Li, Deborah K. McCurdy, Arun Karlamangla, Ram R. Singh
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

No large population-based studies have been done on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) mortality trends in the United States.To identify secular trends and population characteristics associated with SLE mortality.Population-based study using a national mortality database and census data.United States.All U.S. residents, 1968 through 2013.Joinpoint trend analysis of annual age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) for SLE and non-SLE causes by sex, race/ethnicity, and geographic region; multiple logistic regression analysis to determine independent associations of demographic variables and period with SLE mortality.There were 50 249 SLE deaths and 100 851 288 non-SLE deaths from 1968 through 2013. Over this period, the SLE ASMR decreased less than the non-SLE ASMR, with a 34.6% cumulative increase in the ratio of the former to the latter. The non-SLE ASMR decreased every year starting in 1968, whereas the SLE ASMR decreased between 1968 and 1975, increased between 1975 and 1999, and decreased thereafter. Similar patterns were seen in both sexes, among black persons, and in the South. However, statistically significant increases in the SLE ASMR did not occur among white persons over the 46-year period. Females, black persons, and residents of the South had higher SLE ASMRs and larger cumulative increases in the ratio of the SLE to the non-SLE ASMR (31.4%, 62.5%, and 58.6%, respectively) than males, other racial/ethnic groups, and residents of other regions, respectively. Multiple logistic regression showed independent associations of sex, race, and region with SLE mortality risk and revealed significant racial/ethnic differences in associations of SLE mortality with sex and region.Underreporting of SLE on death certificates may have resulted in underestimates of SLE ASMRs. Accuracy of coding on death certificates is difficult to ascertain.Rates of SLE mortality have decreased since 1968 but remain high relative to non-SLE mortality, and significant sex, racial, and regional disparities persist.None.
Increases in Natriuretic Peptides Precede Heart Failure Hospitalization in Patients With a Recent Coronary Event and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Emil Wolsk, Brian Claggett, Rafael Diaz, Kenneth Dickstein, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Lars Køber, Francesca C. Lawson, Eldrin F. Lewis, Aldo P. Maggioni, John J. V. McMurray, Jeffrey L. Probstfield, Matthew C. Riddle, Scott D. Solomon, Jean-Claude Tardif, Marc A. Pfeffer
Journal: Circulation (2017)
Clinicopathological features of gastric cancer in young patients; Multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Yoshiyasu Kono, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Masahiro Takatani, Junichirou Nasu, Ryuta Takenaka, Hiroyuki Sakae, Ko Miura, Takehiro Tanaka, Shunsuke Kagawa, Hiroyuki Okada
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Novel thiazolidinedione’s effect on human colorectal cancer cells: implications for inferred signaling pathway analysis
Authors: Craig R. Bush, Masahiro Yanagisawa, Panos Z. Anastasiadis, Bruce A. Luxon, E. Aubrey Thompson
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

1553   The gamma isoform of peroxisome-proliferator activated receptors (PPARγ) shows much promise as a chemopreventative and therapeutic target for colorectal cancer. Activation of PPARγ by the thiazolidinediones (TZDs) inhibits proliferation and induces differentiation in human colon cancer cells. RS5444, a novel TZD, is a high affinity and high specificity ligand for PPARγ. We have shown that RS5444 markedly reduced the proliferation of MOSER human colorectal cancer cells under anchorage dependent and independent conditions. The inhibitory effect of RS5444 was irreversible. RS5444 also significantly repressed the invasive phenotype of these tumor cells. Towards elucidating the underlying regulatory network associated with the activation of PPARγ, a dense Affymetrix microarray time course was generated with samples harvested every two hours over a twenty-four hour period. These data suggest several interesting regulatory networks in play with implications to phenotypes observed  in vitro . Among these data, the most interesting is the role key transcription factors were modeled controlling cellular behavior. For example, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis predicted early activation of Jun which, in turn, suppressed the expression of a cohort of downstream targets such as BCL2, RUNX2, and MYB which control cell cycle, aggregation, and proliferation respectively. Classifying TZD regulated genes by sub-networks in this fashion addresses a key issue of reducing network complexity. In turn, these sub-networks will serve as candidates for inferred dynamic Bayesian networks, further improving the signaling pathway model. The work described here provides an example of a systems biology approach, linking the physiology of human colon cancer cells and the human genome. This work is supported in part by a grant from Sankyo Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan and a training fellowship from the Keck Center for Computational and Structural Biology of the Gulf Coast Consortia (NLM Grant No. 5T15LM07093).
2017 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on the Management of Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Patrick T. O'Gara, Paul A. Grayburn, Vinay Badhwar, Luis C. Afonso, John D. Carroll, Sammy Elmariah, Aaron P. Kithcart, Rick A. Nishimura, Thomas J. Ryan, Allan Schwartz, Lynne Warner Stevenson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
TIMER: A Web Server for Comprehensive Analysis of Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells
Authors: Taiwen Li, Jingyu Fan, Binbin Wang, Nicole Traugh, Qianming Chen, Jun S. Liu, Bo Li, X. Shirley Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Recent clinical successes of cancer immunotherapy necessitate the investigation of the interaction between malignant cells and the host immune system. However, elucidation of complex tumor-immune interactions presents major computational and experimental challenges. Here, we present Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER; cistrome.shinyapps.io/timer) to comprehensively investigate molecular characterization of tumor-immune interactions. Levels of six tumor-infiltrating immune subsets are precalculated for 10,897 tumors from 32 cancer types. TIMER provides 6 major analytic modules that allow users to interactively explore the associations between immune infiltrates and a wide spectrum of factors, including gene expression, clinical outcomes, somatic mutations, and somatic copy number alterations. TIMER provides a user-friendly web interface for dynamic analysis and visualization of these associations, which will be of broad utilities to cancer researchers. Cancer Res; 77(21); e108-10. ©2017 AACR.
Abstract 10754: Nutritional Status in Elderly Heart Failure is a Determinant of Functional Status and Readmission After Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Satoshi Katano, Akiyoshi Hashimoto, Takanori Tsukada, Toru Neki, Erika Iwamoto, Ayumi Uchizawa, Ryo Yoshida, Takefumi Fujito, Shotaro Oiwa, Yuji Sawaguchi, Kazufumi Tsuchihashi, Masaki Katayose, Tetsuji Miura
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: The prevalence of malnutrition in elderly heart failure (HF) is high in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) settings. Malnutrition in elderly patients with chronic diseases admitted to hospitals is often associated with poor functional recovery in daily activities. However, there is few evidence of the impact of poor nutritional status on the effects of CR in HF patients. Hypothesis: We examined the hypothesis that nutritional status in elderly HF patients is a determinant of functional status and readmission after CR. Methods: One hundred ten HF patients at age of 65 years or older were included. All patients underwent CR during their hospitalization. Nutritional status and functional status were assessed by Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) at the start of CR and Barthel Index score at discharge, respectively. The association between nutritional status and CR outcomes including functional status and the 1-year readmission rate were examined. Results: The medians of CR duration and sessions were 21 days and 11 sessions, respectively. Fifty-eight patients (53%) were malnourished (MNA-SF score ≦ 7). Patients with malnutrition had a lower Barthel Index score at discharge than those without malnutrition (median 85 vs. 90, p&lt;0.01). Barthel Index score at discharge was lower in patients with chronic disease-related malnutrition, starvation-related malnutrition and acute disease or injury-related malnutrition. In multiple regression analysis, age, MNA-SF score, chronic disease-related malnutrition and starvation-related malnutrition were independent predictors of Barthel Index score at discharge (adjusted R 2 =0.20, p&lt;0.01). The median follow up period was 150 days. Readmission due to worsening HF occurred in 55 patients (50%). The 1-year readmission rate by the Kaplan-Meier method was significantly higher in patients with malnutrition than those without malnutrition (p&lt;0.05). Using Cox multivariate analysis adjusted for age and sex, BNP level, MNA-SF score and total lymphocyte count were independent predictors of the readmission (hazard ratio 2.58, 0.82, 0.99, respectively; p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Nutritional status in elderly HF patients is an important determinant of both functional status and readmission after CR.
David Oliver: Binary truths don’t help health policy debate
Authors: David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Stephen Hawking and Jeremy Hunt’s public argument in August over the future of the NHS and use of data led to some hard hitting claims and strong accusations on both sides.12 In the aftermath of the spat the management consultant Stephen Black wrote a provocative piece on the current state of debate about the NHS.3 Black’s thesis was that we can’t move forward with constructive solutions to the problems facing our health and care system if the debate is reduced to falsely polarised, oversimplified arguments that are based on ideology rather than on pragmatism.

I don’t always agree with Black’s managerialist approach and have clashed with him before,4 but his argument deserves consideration. If we are sincere about protecting …