tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RECURRENT ACUTE PANCREATITIS WITH A BULGING PAPILLA – AN UNEXPECTED DIAGNOSIS
Authors: J Fernandes, D Libânio, L Lopes
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Adenomas of the biliary tree are a rare entities, being located in most cases in the gallbladder. However, they can be located in any segment of the biliary tree. The natural history of these lesions is not well established, but is postulated to be similar to the adenoma-adenocarcinoma sequence existing elsewhere in the gastrointestinal tract; consequently, removal of the adenomatous lesion may prevent the development of adenocarcinoma.
Malaria Vaccines: Recent Advances and New Horizons
Authors: Simon J. Draper, Brandon K. Sack, C. Richter King, Carolyn M. Nielsen, Julian C. Rayner, Matthew K. Higgins, Carole A. Long, Robert A. Seder
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2018)

The development of highly effective and durable vaccines against the human malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax remains a key priority. Decades of endeavor have taught that achieving this goal will be challenging; however, recent innovation in malaria vaccine research and a diverse pipeline of novel vaccine candidates for clinical assessment provides optimism. With first-generation pre-erythrocytic vaccines aiming for licensure in the coming years, it is important to reflect on how next-generation approaches can improve on their success. Here we review the latest vaccine approaches that seek to prevent malaria infection, disease, and transmission and highlight some of the major underlying immunological and molecular mechanisms of protection. The synthesis of rational antigen selection, immunogen design, and immunization strategies to induce quantitatively and qualitatively improved immune effector mechanisms offers promise for achieving sustained high-level protection. The development of highly effective and durable vaccines against the human malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax remains a key priority. Decades of endeavor have taught that achieving this goal will be challenging; however, recent innovation in malaria vaccine research and a diverse pipeline of novel vaccine candidates for clinical assessment provides optimism. With first-generation pre-erythrocytic vaccines aiming for licensure in the coming years, it is important to reflect on how next-generation approaches can improve on their success. Here we review the latest vaccine approaches that seek to prevent malaria infection, disease, and transmission and highlight some of the major underlying immunological and molecular mechanisms of protection. The synthesis of rational antigen selection, immunogen design, and immunization strategies to induce quantitatively and qualitatively improved immune effector mechanisms offers promise for achieving sustained high-level protection.
<i>Notes from the Field:</i> Adverse Event Associated with Unintentional Exposure to the <i>Brucella abortus</i> RB51 Vaccine — Oregon, December 2017
Authors: Sarah M. Hatcher, David Shih, Jacobey Holderman, Caitlin Cossaboom, Richard Leman, Emilio DeBess
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)
Paul R Kettle
Authors: C. J. Kettle
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Paul Kettle was born in Weston-super-Mare, where his father, Austin B Kettle, worked as a consultant physician. He studied medicine at St John’s College, Cambridge, and completed his clinical training (as had his father before him) at Guy’s Hospital in London. He also completed an optional integrated training and assessment programme to become a member of the Royal College of General Practitioners (MRCGP).

He met his wife to be, Sue (a midwife), while working in obstetrics at St Paul’s Hospital and in paediatrics at Battledown Hospital, both in Cheltenham. They were married at Prestbury in 1977. In 1978 he joined Yorkleigh Surgery in Cheltenham, where he practised for 21 years. Doctors at the practice were also on call as police surgeons.

In 1991 Paul was diagnosed with the rare autoimmune disease myasthenia gravis. After a year off he returned to work, managing to lead a relatively normal life through sheer determination. His poor health was increasingly compounded by …
Activity of Brigatinib in the Setting of Alectinib Resistance Mediated by ALK I1171S in ALK-Rearranged Lung Cancer
Authors: Kartik Sehgal, Mary Linton B. Peters, Paul A. VanderLaan, Deepa Rangachari, Susumu S. Kobayashi, Daniel B. Costa
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)
Associations of Asthma and Asthma Control With Atrial Fibrillation Risk
Authors: Aivaras Cepelis, Ben M. Brumpton, Vegard Malmo, Lars E. Laugsand, Jan Pål Loennechen, Hanne Ellekjær, Arnulf Langhammer, Imre Janszky, Linn B. Strand
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

Asthma, a chronic inflammatory airway disease, and atrial fibrillation (AF) share several common pathophysiological mechanisms. Research on the association between asthma and atrial fibrillation is lacking, and to our knowledge, no previous studies have assessed the dose-response association between levels of asthma control and AF.To assess the association between asthma, levels of asthma control, and AF.This prospective population cohort analyzed data on adults from a second and third iteration of the survey-based Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) in Norway. All included participants were free from AF at baseline. Atrial fibrillation was ascertained by linking HUNT data with hospital records from the 2 hospitals in Nord-Trøndelag County. Data analysis was completed from May 2017 to November 2017.Self-reported asthma was categorized into 3 groups: those who had ever had asthma, those who self-report being diagnosed with asthma, and those who had active asthma. Asthma control was defined according to Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines and was categorized into controlled, partly controlled, and uncontrolled cases.Atrial fibrillation.A total of 54 567 adults were included (of whom 28 821 [52.8%] were women). Of these, 5961 participants (10.9%) reported ever having asthma, 3934 participants (7.2%) reported being diagnosed with asthma, and 2485 participants (4.6%) reported having active asthma. During a mean (SD) follow-up of 15.4 (5.8) years, 2071 participants (3.8%) developed AF. Participants with physician-diagnosed asthma had an estimated 38% higher risk of developing AF (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.38 [95% CI, 1.18-1.61]) compared with participants without asthma. There was a dose-response association between levels of asthma control and risk of AF with the highest risk for AF in participants with uncontrolled asthma (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.74 [95% CI, 1.26-2.42]; P for trend < .001).Asthma and lack of asthma control were associated with moderately increased risks of AF in a dose-response manner. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and clarify causal pathways between asthma and AF.
ADENOMA DETECTION RATE CORRELATIONS WITH SECONDARY COLONOSCOPY QUALITY INDICATORS
Authors: K Triantafyllou, S Karamaroudis, A Stamou, V Papadopoulos, S Hariklia Vorri, G Tziatzios, P Katsouli, E Karagkouni, P Gkolfakis, GD Dimitriadis
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Measurement of adenoma detection rate (ADR) is cumbersome in clinical practice. In order to calculate it indirectly, associations of ADR with easier to measure quality indicators are under investigation. We aimed to examine the association of ADR with secondary colonoscopy quality indicators.
Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Maja Cikes, Brian Claggett, Amil M Shah, Akshay S Desai, Eldrin F Lewis, Sanjiv J Shah, Inder S Anand, Eileen O'Meara, Jean L Rouleau, Nancy K Sweitzer, James C Fang, Sanjeev Saksena, Bertram Pitt, Marc A Pfeffer, Scott D Solomon
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2018)
Nonadherence with inhaled preventer therapy in severe asthmatic patients on long-term omalizumab
Authors: David J. Allen, Leanne-Jo Holmes, Kerry A. Hince, Rachael Daly, Calra Ustabashi, Gael Tavernier
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

We read with interest the paper by Lee et al. [1], reporting on the high rate of nonadherence in a group of severe asthma patients who were potentially suitable for biological therapy or bronchial thermoplasty. In our experience the issue of nonadherence is not confined to patients under active consideration for biological therapy. We have identified significant rates of nonadherence in a group of patients on long-term Omalizumab therapy. Nonadherence with inhaled preventer therapy is prevalent in previously adherent patients on long-term omalizumab <http://ow.ly/5wdE30kp0MM>
Evaluation of Bedside Diagnostic Accuracy, Learning Curve, and Challenges for a Novice Reflectance Confocal Microscopy Reader for Skin Cancer Detection In Vivo
Authors: Manu Jain, Sri Varsha Pulijal, Milind Rajadhyaksha, Allan C. Halpern, Salvador Gonzalez
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Discussion | Unsurprisingly, known individuals had the largest reach owing to their substantial number of followers.Dwayne Wade, a professional athlete, accounted for most of the impact.His tweet actually addressed heat safety prevention but included the hashtag.It is not known whether his followers associated the tweet with sun safety.The largest category of participants was individuals (44%).However, their retweet count was low at 39 retweets, and many "individuals" were health professionals themselves and not those most likely to engage in unsafe sun safety behavior.The Don't Fry Day campaign on Twitter had a large reach, with more than 12 million impressions.With the 10th anniversary of Don't Fry Day approaching, organizers should engage media organizations and individuals with a large social media presence because greater efforts are needed to ensure that a wider audience is reached.
ERCP WITHIN 24 H OF ADMISSION DECREASES COMPLICATION RATE IN ACUTE BILIARY PANCREATITIS: SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE IN 153 CONSECUTIVE PATIENTS
Authors: A Rihtaršič, D Drobne, B Štabuc, S Plut
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) in first 72 hours is a standard therapeutic procedure in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis, but it is not clear if even earlier procedure would add additional benefit. Therefore we aimed to explore if ERCP within 24 hours of admission decreases duration of hospitalization, the rate of systemic and local complications, and if this effect is limited only to patients with concomitant cholangitis.
[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoroethyltyrosine-induced Cerenkov Luminescence Improves Image-Guided Surgical Resection of Glioma
Authors: David Y. Lewis, Richard Mair, Alan Wright, Kieren Allinson, Scott K. Lyons, Tom Booth, Julia Jones, Robert Bielik, Dmitry Soloviev, Kevin M. Brindle
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

The extent of surgical resection is significantly correlated with outcome in glioma; however, current intraoperative navigational tools are useful only in a subset of patients.We show here that a new optical intraoperative technique, Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) following intravenous injection of O-(2-[ 18 F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET), can be used to accurately delineate glioma margins, performing better than the current standard of fluorescence imaging with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA).Methods: Rats implanted orthotopically with U87, F98 and C6 glioblastoma cells were injected with FET and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA).Positive and negative tumor regions on histopathology were compared with CL and fluorescence images.The capability of FET CLI and 5-ALA fluorescence imaging to detect tumor was assessed using receptor operator characteristic curves and optimal thresholds (CLI OptROC and 5-ALA OptROC ) separating tumor from healthy brain tissue were determined.These thresholds were used to guide prospective tumor resections, where the presence of tumor cells in the resected material and in the remaining brain were assessed by Ki-67 staining.Results: FET CLI signal was correlated with signal in preoperative PET images (y = 1.06x -0.01; p < 0.0001) and with expression of the amino acid transporter SLC7A5 (LAT1).FET CLI (AUC = 97%) discriminated between glioblastoma and normal brain in human and rat orthografts more accurately than 5-ALA fluorescence (AUC = 91%), with a sensitivity >92% and specificity >91%, and resulted in a more complete tumor resection. Conclusion:FET CLI can be used to accurately delineate glioblastoma tumor margins, performing better than the current standard of fluorescence imaging following 5-ALA administration, and is therefore a promising technique for clinical translation.
Abstract 14989: SIRT3 Deficiency Impairs Mitochondrial and Contractile Function in the Heart
Authors: Christoph Koentges, Katharina Pfeil, Tilman Schnick, Katarina Cenkerova, Carsten Jaeger, Bernd Kammerer, Lutz Hein, Christoph Bode, Heiko Bugger
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a mitochondrial NAD+-dependent deacetylase which is highly expressed in the heart, and which increases mitochondrial ATP production. In rodent models of heart failure reduced SIRT3 expression is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, we hypothesized that lack of SIRT3 may impair mitochondrial and contractile function in the heart. In isolated working hearts, developed pressure (-17%), cardiac power (-28%) and MVO2 (-17%) were significantly decreased in mice lacking SIRT3 (SIRT3-/-). Palmitate oxidation (-33%) and glucose oxidation (-39%) were decreased while rates of glycolysis (+40%; all p
DDIT4 promotes gastric cancer proliferation and tumorigenesis through the p53 and MAPK pathways
Authors: Feng Du, Lina Sun, Yi Chu, Tingyu Li, Chao Lei, Xin Wang, Mingzuo Jiang, Yali Min, Yuanyuan Lu, Xiaodi Zhao, Yongzhan Nie, Daiming Fan
Journal: Cancer Communications (2018)

Abstract Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, particularly in China. DNA damage‐inducible transcript 4 (DDIT4) is a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor and is induced by various cellular stresses; however, its critical role in GC remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the potential relationship and the underlying mechanism between DDIT4 and GC development. Methods We used western blotting, real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemical or immunofluorescence to determine DDIT4 expression in GC cells and tissues. High‐content screening, cell counting kit‐8 assays, colony formation, and in vivo tumorigenesis assays were performed to evaluate cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to investigate cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. Results DDIT4 was upregulated in GC cells and tissue. Furthermore, downregulating DDIT4 in GC cells inhibited proliferation both in vitro and in vivo and increased 5‐fluorouracil‐induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In contrast, ectopic expression of DDIT4 in normal gastric epithelial cells promoted proliferation and attenuated chemosensitivity. Further analysis indicated that the mitogen‐activated protein kinase and p53 signaling pathways were involved in the suppression of proliferation, and increased chemosensitivity upon DDIT4 downregulation. Conclusion DDIT4 promotes GC proliferation and tumorigenesis, providing new insights into the role of DDIT4 in the tumorigenesis of human GC.
Assessing the efficacy of peripherally acting µ-opioid receptor antagonists (PAMORAs) in the treatment of opioid-induced constipation: authors reply
Authors: Nicholas E Burr, Alexander C Ford
Journal: Gut (2018)

We thank Chedid and Camilleri for their carefully composed letter,1 and are delighted to have provoked further debate about the relative efficacy of drugs acting on µ-opioid receptors in the treatment of opioid-induced constipation (OIC) with our network meta-analysis.2 In fact, we had also written to another journal concerning a recent network meta-analysis examining this issue,3 which had reported erroneously that subcutaneous methylnaltrexone appeared to perform better than other medications for OIC.4 The authors confirmed in their reply to our letter that they had mistakenly included redundant data from duplicate publications of the same two randomised-controlled trials (RCTs) of methylnaltrexone in this meta-analysis,5 likely accounting for their findings.4 …
Replication of progressive supranuclear palsy genome-wide association study identifies SLCO1A2 and DUSP10 as new susceptibility loci
Authors: Monica Y. Sanchez-Contreras, Naomi Kouri, Casey N. Cook, Daniel J. Serie, Michael G. Heckman, NiCole A. Finch, Richard J. Caselli, Ryan J. Uitti, Zbigniew K. Wszolek, Neill Graff-Radford, Leonard Petrucelli, Li-San Wang, Gerard D. Schellenberg, Dennis W. Dickson, Rosa Rademakers, Owen A. Ross
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2018)

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a parkinsonian neurodegenerative tauopathy affecting brain regions involved in motor function, including the basal ganglia, diencephalon and brainstem. While PSP is largely considered to be a sporadic disorder, cases with suspected familial inheritance have been identified and the common MAPT H1haplotype is a major genetic risk factor. Due to the relatively low prevalence of PSP, large sample sizes can be difficult to achieve, and this has limited the ability to detect true genetic risk factors at the genome-wide statistical threshold for significance in GWAS data. With this in mind, in this study we genotyped the genetic variants that displayed the strongest degree of association with PSP (P<1E-4) in the previous GWAS in a new cohort of 533 pathologically-confirmed PSP cases and 1172 controls, and performed a combined analysis with the previous GWAS data.
Evaluation of a mosaic HIV-1 vaccine in a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2a clinical trial (APPROACH) and in rhesus monkeys (NHP 13-19)
Authors: Dan H Barouch, Frank L Tomaka, Frank Wegmann, Daniel J Stieh, Galit Alter, Merlin L Robb, Nelson L Michael, Lauren Peter, Joseph P Nkolola, Erica N Borducchi, Abishek Chandrashekar, David Jetton, Kathryn E Stephenson, Wenjun Li, Bette Korber, Georgia D Tomaras, David C Montefiori, Glenda Gray, Nicole Frahm, M Juliana McElrath, Lindsey Baden, Jennifer Johnson, Julia Hutter, Edith Swann, Etienne Karita, Hannah Kibuuka, Juliet Mpendo, Nigel Garrett, Kathy Mngadi, Kundai Chinyenze, Frances Priddy, Erica Lazarus, Fatima Laher, Sorachai Nitayapan, Punnee Pitisuttithum, Stephan Bart, Thomas Campbell, Robert Feldman, Gregg Lucksinger, Caroline Borremans, Katleen Callewaert, Raphaele Roten, Jerald Sadoff, Lorenz Scheppler, Mo Weijtens, Karin Feddes-de Boer, Daniëlle van Manen, Jessica Vreugdenhil, Roland Zahn, Ludo Lavreys, Steven Nijs, Jeroen Tolboom, Jenny Hendriks, Zelda Euler, Maria G Pau, Hanneke Schuitemaker
Journal: The Lancet (2018)
Association Between Inflammatory Biomarker C-Reactive Protein and Radiotherapy-Induced Early Adverse Skin Reactions in a Multiracial/Ethnic Breast Cancer Population
Authors: Jennifer J. Hu, James J. Urbanic, L. Doug Case, Cristiane Takita, Jean L. Wright, Doris R. Brown, Carl D. Langefeld, Mark O. Lively, Sandra E. Mitchell, Anu Thakrar, David Bryant, Kathy Baglan, Jon Strasser, Luis Baez-Diaz, Glenn J. Lesser, Edward G. Shaw
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

Purpose This study examined an inflammatory biomarker, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), in radiotherapy (RT)-induced early adverse skin reactions or toxicities in breast cancer. Patients and Methods Between 2011 and 2013, 1,000 patients with breast cancer who underwent RT were evaluated prospectively for skin toxicities through the National Cancer Institute-funded Wake Forest University Community Clinical Oncology Program Research Base. Pre- and post-RT plasma hsCRP levels and Oncology Nursing Society skin toxicity criteria (0 to 6) were used to assess RT-induced skin toxicities. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were applied to ascertain the associations between hsCRP and RT-induced skin toxicities after adjusting for potential confounders. Results The study comprised 623 white, 280 African American, 64 Asian/Pacific Islander, and 33 other race patients; 24% of the patients were Hispanic, and 47% were obese. Approximately 42% and 15% of patients developed RT-induced grade 3+ and 4+ skin toxicities, respectively. The hsCRP levels differed significantly by race and body mass index but not by ethnicity. In multivariable analysis, grade 4+ skin toxicity was significantly associated with obesity (odds ratio [OR], 2.17; 95% CI, 1.41 to 3.34], post-RT hsCRP ≥ 4.11 mg/L (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.44), and both factors combined (OR, 3.65; 95% CI, 2.18 to 6.14). Above-median post-RT hsCRP (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.03 to 3.63), and change in hsCRP (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.42 to 5.54) were significantly associated with grade 4+ skin toxicity in nonobese patients. Conclusion This large prospective study is the first to our knowledge of hsCRP as an inflammatory biomarker in RT-induced skin toxicities in breast cancer. We demonstrate that nonobese patients with elevated RT-related change in hsCRP levels have a significantly increased risk of grade 4+ skin toxicity. The outcomes may help to predict RT responses and guide decision making.
Verapamil versus lithium in acute mania
Authors: E S Garza-Treviño, J E Overall, L E Hollister
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

Twenty acutely manic patients were studied in a double-blind randomized trial comparing verapamil with lithium. The Petterson Mania Scale, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) were administered before treatment and weekly during 4 weeks of treatment to evaluate response to verapamil and lithium. Both treatment groups improved significantly, and there were no significant overall differences between treatments.
Mohs micrographic surgery with melanoma antigen recognized by T cells 1 (MART-1) immunostaining for atypical intraepidermal melanocytic proliferation
Authors: Jeremy R. Etzkorn, Olivia S. Jew, Thuzar M. Shin, Joseph F. Sobanko, Donald E. Neal, Christopher J. Miller
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2018)
Perfil de seguridad del método POSE
Authors: AJ Del Pozo García, F Sánchez Gómez, E Ulloa Márquez, C Piedracoba, D Rafael De La Cruz, J Rosado, O Soto
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

La obesidad se ha convertido en una epidemia mundial, especialmente en Occidente, y ha sido declarada como enfermedad crónica con gran mortalidad, por enfermedades cardiovasculares, metabólicas, apnea obstructiva o patología osteoarticular, siendo factor de riesgo para diversas neoplasias. Los tratamientos tradicionales como cirugía bariátrica, dieta y modificaciones de estilo de vida, y fármacos anoexígenos, no han conseguido parar su expansión. Diversas técnicas endoscópicas bariátricas surgen como alternativas seguras y coste-efectivas, entre ellas el método POSE.