tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P233: Presence and Gradation of Breast Arterial Calcification: Age and Ethnic Differences in a Cohort of Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Carlos Iribarren, Gail Husson, Gabriela Sanchez, Bahman Sadeghi, Hanna Javan, Hyo-Min Cho, Huanjun Ding, Sabee Molloi
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Breast arterial calcification (BAC) is an emerging marker of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, most prior studies relied on traditional film mammography and on the dichotomy of presence/absence of BAC. Furthermore, race/ethnic differences in BAC are not well documented. The M ult i eth n ic Study of Br e ast A r terial Calcification and Cardio va scular Risk ( MINERVA ) study recruited 5,040 postmenopausal women after they underwent routine digital screening mammography at one of nine Northern California Kaiser Permanente Centers between 3/21/2013 and 9/1/2015. Study participants were free of CVD at baseline, and underwent an extensive clinic visit for ascertainment of CVD risk factors. Presence and gradation of BAC (calcium mass in mg) on raw images by dedicated software were ascertained by a novel densitometry method at the BAC Reading Center at UC Irvine. Data on BAC and demographics are presented here on the first 2,597 mammograms read. The mean age of the cohort was 66.5 ± 4.6 [range, 60-79 years old] and the ethnic breakdown was 67% white, 9% African-American, 10% Asian/Pacific Islander, 8% Latina and 6% mixed/other race. The overall prevalence of any BAC (calcium mass&gt;0) was 30% (773/2,597) and increased with age: 26% in 60-69, 38% in 70-74 and 54% in 75-79 year old women. By race, BAC presence was higher in Latina (37%, 75/203), followed by African-American (30%, 66/222), white (29%, 514/1750), mixed/other (28%, 48/159), and Asian women (28%, 73/263). The age- and ethnic-specific gradation BAC data are summarized in the Table. Variation of BAC gradation was significant across age (Chi-square=142; p=0.0001) and nearly significant across race/ethnic groups (Chi-square=26; p=0.06). Overall, only 3% of women had a calcium mass between 11 and 25, with 3% over 25 mg. These percentages were higher among women over age 75 and in Latinas and African-Americans. These results document, for the first time, significant differences in BAC presence and gradation as a function of age and race/ethnicity.
Abstract 5067: b1-Integrin promotes inflammatory cytokine-induced vascular leakage
Authors: Elina A. Kiss, Laura Hakanpää, Guillaume Jacquemet, Ilkka Miinalainen, Martina Lerche, Camilo Guzman, Eero Mervaala, Lauri Eklund, Johanna Ivaska, Pipsa Saharinen
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Increased capillary leakage is a potentially life-threatening condition associated with sepsis and cytokine release syndrome (CRS) that develops as a side effect of novel chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell cancer immunotherapies. CRS and sepsis are characterized by immune activation, resulting in elevated circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and IL-1β, and thrombin that promote vascular leakage and the development of hypovolemic shock and multiorgan failure. However, molecular mechanisms behind capillary leakage remain unknown, and importantly, targeted approaches for the management of capillary leakage are limited. Here, we found that β1-integrin acts as a critical universal mediator of endothelial permeability induced by various inflammatory agents, including LPS, IL-6, IL-1β and thrombin. In a mouse model of LPS-induced systemic inflammation, resulting in increased inflammatory cytokine production and vascular leakage, function blocking antibodies against β1-integrin prevented vascular leakage and improved integrity of vascular endothelium, leading to protection from LPS-induced cardiac failure. β1-integrin blocking antibodies were effective in reducing vascular leakage even when administered after the onset of systemic inflammation and increase in the serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α. By using an in vitro model, we found that inflammatory agents generated mechanical stress, in a β1-integrin dependent manner, leading to endothelial cell contractility and permeability. Conclusively, our data indicates that β1-integrin promotes vascular leakage in inflammation, and that targeting this mechanism may have therapeutic utility for vascular stabilization in CRS and capillary leak syndromes associated with immune activation and systemic inflammation. Citation Format: Elina A. Kiss, Laura Hakanpää, Guillaume Jacquemet, Ilkka Miinalainen, Martina Lerche, Camilo Guzman, Eero Mervaala, Lauri Eklund, Johanna Ivaska, Pipsa Saharinen. b1-Integrin promotes inflammatory cytokine-induced vascular leakage [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5067.
Importance of NAD(P)H Oxidase–Mediated Oxidative Stress and Contractile Type Smooth Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain SM2 at the Early Stage of Atherosclerosis
Authors: ShinichiItoh, SeijiUmemoto, MitsuyukiHiromoto, YoichiToma, YasuakiTomochika, ShumpeiAoyagi, MasakazuTanaka, TakashiFujii, MasunoriMatsuzaki
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— Increased vascular oxidative stress induced by hyperlipidemia may alter the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle (SM) cells and play a crucial role in the progression of atherosclerosis. To clarify the mechanisms underlying vascular dysfunction and oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemia, we compared the effects of antioxidant probucol with those of pravastatin on aortic stiffness, phenotypic modulation, oxidative stress, and NAD(P)H oxidase essential subunit p22phox expression in aortic medial SM cells of cholesterol-fed rabbits by using color image analysis of immunostained sections. Methods and Results— Japanese white male rabbits were fed either normal chow or 1% cholesterol diet for 14 weeks. After the first 7 weeks, cholesterol-fed rabbits were further divided into 3 groups: those fed with cholesterol feed only and those additionally given pravastatin (10 mg/d) or probucol (1.3 g/d) for the last 7 weeks. Within 7 weeks of treatment, probucol improved aortic stiffness more effectively tha...
Abstract 3061: The clinicopathologic roles of SOX2 and Oct4 expressions in stage 1 and 2 oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tetsuya Tamatani, Natsumi Takamaru, Go Ohe, Takayuki Nakagawa, Naito Kurio, Keiko Kudou, Yoshiko Yamamura, Takamitsu Mano, Youji Miyamoto
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract [Background] Cancer stem cells (CSCs) exhibit self-replication, self-differentiation, drug resistance, and immune evasion activities. Recently, CSC has become increasingly important in the treatment of malignant tumors. Cancer stem cells express specific molecules termed CSC marker, including sex determining region Y-box2 (SOX2), and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4), and their expression has been reported to be the potential prognostic values. However, the prognostic values of SOX2 and Oct4 expression in patients with stage I and II oral cancer are less understood. [Purpose] The aims of present study were to evaluate the expression of SOX2 and Oct4 in stage I and II oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to elucidate the relationships among the CSC marker expression, clinical stages, histological differentiation, classification of invasion mode, cerebral lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and disease-free survival rate. [Materials and Methods] Tissue specimens were obtains from 83 patients with OSCC after surgery or biopsy. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess SOX2 and Oct4 protein using at least 10% staining-positive cells as the definition of positive staining. [Results] Immunohistochemical analysis of 83 cases showed that 31 cases (37%) expressed SOX2. There was no significant association between SOX2 expression and tumor size, invasion mode or histological differentiation. However, there was significant association between SOX2 expression and distant metastasis or disease-free survival rate at stage 1 and 2 patients. Otherwise, fifty three cases (64%) of 83 OSCC patients expressed Oct4. There was significant association between Oct4 expression and histological differentiation. There was no significant association between Oct4 expression and tumor size, invasion mode, metastasis, or disease-free survival rate. [Conclusions] These findings suggested that the expression of SOX2 may be good marker indicating survival in patients with stage 1 and 2 OSCC. Citation Format: Tetsuya Tamatani, Natsumi Takamaru, Go Ohe, Takayuki Nakagawa, Naito Kurio, Keiko Kudou, Yoshiko Yamamura, Takamitsu Mano, Youji Miyamoto. The clinicopathologic roles of SOX2 and Oct4 expressions in stage 1 and 2 oral squamous cell carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3061.
Abstract 12638: Hsp20-Reprogrammed Exosomes Derived From Cardiomyocytes Provide Protection Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Mice
Authors: XiaohongWang, HaitaoGu, WeiHuang, YigangWang, Guo-ChangFan
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: It has been shown that exosomes, a group of nanovesicles naturally released from living cells, have either beneficial or deleterious effects on cell behavior, depending on the contents encased. We recently showed that Hsp20, as a chaperon protein, could be included in cardiomyocyte exosomes which promoted angiogenesis. Whether such exosomes derived from Hsp20-overexpressing myocytes play any protective role in diabetic animals remains unknown. Methods and Results: Cultured myocytes were infected with Ad-Hsp20 to overexpress Hsp20. Ad-GFP was used as controls. Then supernatants were collected for purification of exosomes by differential centrifugation. While exosomes derived from Hsp20-myocytes (Hsp20-Exo) displayed similar size and molecular markers (CD63 and CD81) to those originated from the control GFP-myocytes (GFP-Exo), the protein contents encased were different. Western-blotting or ELISA assays revealed that Hsp20-Exo contained higher levels of Hsp20, VEGFR2, Survivin, p-Akt, and SOD1 t...
Splenectomy in patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: Indications, histopathological findings and clinical outcomes in a single institutional series of thirty‐nine patients
Authors: Prateek Pophali, Pedro Horna, Terra L. Lasho, Christy M. Finke, Rhett P. Ketterling, Naseema Gangat, David Nagorney, Ayalew Tefferi, Mrinal M. Patnaik
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2018)

In a 28-year period, 39 (7%) patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) (median age 66 years, 64% male) underwent a splenectomy at our institution. Primary indications for splenectomy were refractory thrombocytopenia (36%), progressive spleen related symptoms (33%), emergent splenectomy for splenic rupture (21%), refractory anemia (8%), and prior to allogeneic stem cell transplant (3%). Eleven (28%) patients had anemia at the time of splenectomy, of which 3 (27%) were autoimmune. The median time to splenectomy from CMML diagnosis was 6 months (0-40); perioperative morbidity and mortality rates were 43% and 13%, while the median postsplenectomy survival was 25 months (11-38). Durable remission in spleen related symptoms, thrombocytopenia, complications from splenic rupture, and anemia were achieved in 85%, 50%, 62%, and 21% of patients, respectively. Perioperative morbidity (n = 30) included infections/sepsis in 6 (20%), intraabdominal bleeding in 4 (13%), venous thromboembolism (VTE) in 3 (10%), and acute lung injury in 2 (7%) patients. The median duration of hospital stay was 6 days (1-25), with 5 deaths occurring secondary to respiratory failure (n = 2), multiorgan dysfunction (n = 2) and hemorrhagic shock (n = 1). There was no difference in overall survival between CMML patients that underwent splenectomy, in comparison to those that did not. Unlike in myelofibrosis, portal hypertension was not an indication for splenectomy and no patients developed post-splenectomy thrombocytosis. In conclusion, apart from being a lifesaving emergent modality in the event of splenic rupture, splenectomy has an important palliative role in patients with CMML, with significant and durable improvements in spleen related symptoms and refractory cytopenias.
Inhibitory Effects of Insulin on Cytosolic Ca2+ Level and Contraction in the Rat Aorta
Authors: Shu-ZhongHan, YasuyoshiOuchi, HideakiKaraki, HajimeOrimo
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Abstract To determine the mechanism of the inhibitory effect of insulin on vascular tone, contraction was measured simultaneously with endothelial and smooth muscle cytosolic Ca2+ level ([Ca2+]i) in the isolated rat aorta. Insulin (200 mU/mL) increased endothelial [Ca2+]i and decreased resting muscle tone. The removal of endothelium abolished the effects of insulin. In the aorta precontracted with norepinephrine, insulin (3 to 120 mU/mL) induced concentration-dependent inhibition of contraction. The relaxant effect followed the increase in endothelial [Ca2+]i and decrease in smooth muscle [Ca2+]i. The relaxant effect was attenuated by removal of endothelium or by the addition of 10−5 mol/L NG-monomethyl-l-arginine but not by 10−5 mol/L indomethacin. In the absence of endothelium, the relaxant effect of insulin followed the decrease in smooth muscle [Ca2+]i. These results suggest that insulin inhibits vascular contraction by dual mechanisms in the isolated rat aorta: (1) Insulin acts on vascular endotheliu...
Noise-Free Visualization of Microscopic Calcium Signaling by Pixel-Wise Fitting
Authors: QinghaiTian, LarsKaestner, PeterLipp
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

Rationale:Our insights into physiological and pathophysiological cardiac excitation-contraction coupling has greatly benefited from significant advancement in optical technologies such as high-speed confocal microscopy. This has pushed pixel dwell times into the time domain of nanoseconds, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratios, which have limited data analysis and interpretation. Objective:Line scan imaging has been and still is dominant in high speed confocal recording. It allows analysis only of a small fraction of a cell's cross section (1.5%), but the appreciation of spatiotemporal fine details of excitation-contraction coupling is instrumental for the further understanding of pathological mechanisms. We aim to provide a novel analysis tool to extract otherwise hidden fine details in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling from high-speed 2-dimensional confocal image series. Methods and Results:We demonstrate that high-speed 2-dimensional confocal data (150 frames/s) can be analyzed quantitatively b...
Electromagnetic Interference With Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators at Power Frequency
Authors: AndreasNapp, StephanJoosten, DominikStunder, ChristianKnackstedt, MatthiasZink, BarbaraBellmann, NikolausMarx, PatrickSchauerte, JiriSilny
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background—The number of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) for the prevention of sudden cardiac death is continuing to increase. Given the technological complexity of ICDs, it is of critical importance to identify and control possible harmful electromagnetic interferences between various sources of electromagnetic fields and ICDs in daily life and occupational environments. Methods and Results—Interference thresholds of 110 ICD patients (1-, 2-, and 3-chamber ICDs) were evaluated in a specifically developed test site. Patients were exposed to single and combined electric and magnetic 50-Hz fields with strengths of up to 30 kV·m−1 and 2.55 mT. Tests were conducted considering worst-case conditions, including maximum sensitivity of the device or full inspiration. With devices being programmed to nominal sensitivity, ICDs remained unaffected in 91 patients (83%). Five of 110 devices (5%) showed transient loss of accurate right ventricular sensing, whereas 14 of 31 (45%) of the 2- and 3-chamber d...
Abstract 5905: Sp1 acetylation associates with stemness characteristics in temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma
Authors: Jian-Ying Chuang, Che-Chia Hsu, Kwang-Yu Chang, Wen-Chang Chang
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract The prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) is usually poor even following treatment with the first-line chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide (TMZ). One most known resistant mechanism is the presence of DNA repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). However, compared with MGMT-mediated innate TMZ resistance, the development of acquired resistance is considered more complex with multi-factorial involvement such as the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). In this study, we treated the MGMT-negative GBM cells with TMZ to investigate the acquired resistance, and found that both histone deacetylases (HDACs) and Sp1 are key factors protecting GBM against TMZ. These results include the following: (1) Stemness markers were highly increased in TMZ-resistant GBMs; (2) The activity of HDACs affected the stem-like characteristics and cell survival of GBM stem cells (GSCs); (3) An HDAC1/2/6-selective inhibitor MPT0B291 increased TMZ-sensitivity and induced senescence in TMZ-resistant cells; (4) MPT0B291 suppressed anti-senescence genes (hTERT and BMI1) expression via inhibition Sp1 transactivation; (5) Both HDACs and Sp1 were elevated and interacted with each other in GSCs and resistant GBM cells; (6) TMZ treatment induced Sp1 deacetylation, but MPT0B291 attenuated that. In summary, we verified that HDACs increases Sp1 activation via protein deacetylation and causes Sp1-downstream target upregulation, which may enrich stemness properties and protect GBM against chemotherapeutic drugs. Citation Format: Jian-Ying Chuang, Che-Chia Hsu, Kwang-Yu Chang, Wen-Chang Chang. Sp1 acetylation associates with stemness characteristics in temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5905.
Abstract 18437: Chest Pain in the Setting of Massive Pulmonary Artery Dilation
Authors: Aarthi Sabanayagam, Ian Harris, Anushree Agarwal, Neil Cambronero, Elyse Foster
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Giant pulmonary artery aneurysms are rare. They may be present in congenital heart anomalies with intra-cardiac shunting and pulmonary hypertension or in absent pulmonic valve syndrom...
Abstract 99: A Multidimensional Bundle Intervention Effectively Enhances Delivery of Dispatcher-Assisted Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Kah-MengChong, Ming-JuHsieh, Sot Shih-HungLiu, Hui-ChihWang, Cedric Guan-ChengJin, Wen-ChuChiang, Matthew Huei-MingMa, Patrick Chow-InKo
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: The better detection of OHCA through EMS calls by dispatchers may influence the performance of online dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DA-CPR). In an EMS system with a bystander CPR rate around 20%, we launch a bundle intervention for better recognition of OHCA by EMS dispatchers and assess its impact on DA-CPR. Design: The EMS authority implements a multidimensional bundle for calls recognition of OHCA and DA-CPR, including 1) a simpler protocol prioritizing patient breathe identification, 2) post-hoc auditing the call audio records for confirmed OHCA cases upon paramedics contact, 3) feedback the audit results to each dispatcher, and a written response from dispatcher is demanded, 4) modifying the computer-aided dispatch (CAD) system to highlight the dialog of “breath not normally” instead of “no breath”, and 5) to add an icon for dispatcher to reassure the call case is unnecessary for DA-CPR before case close in CAD, 6) a leadership commitment for bundle, and 7) a steering ...
Abstract 429: Optimization of an RNA sequencing method for low-quantity degraded samples
Authors: Dan Su, Jason G. Powers, Thomas A. Halsey, Patrick Hurban
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) is an effective tool for gene expression analysis, promising to be a diagnostic tool for patient stratification and individualized therapy. However, it has been challenging to apply RNA-seq to low-quantity and degraded RNA derived from formalin fixed paraffin embedded clinical samples. The Illumina TruSeq® RNA Access approach, utilizing capture probes targeting known exons to enrich for coding RNAs, has shown high performance to profile poor quality RNA samples at input amounts at or above 20 ng. Here, we have further optimized the Illumina TruSeq® RNA Access method for samples with low quality and low quantity, and have compared results to those obtained with libraries prepared with SMARTer® Stranded Total RNA-Seq- Pico Input Kit. Libraries were prepared using 1 ng and 10 ng of degraded RNA from Banked FFPE liver specimens, and were compared to libraries prepared using the standard RNA Access method with an input of 100 ng. With the optimized low-input RNA Access method, the alignment rate was consistently high (95-97%) across both input amounts, with 82-84% of aligned reads mapped to the transcriptome. This is comparable to results obtained with the standard 100 ng input. Gene detection however, changed as a function of input, with ~ 15,900 genes detected at an input of 10 ng, and ~ 13,500 detected at 1 ng of input. In contrast, the SMARTer method detected a relatively constant number of genes (~ 14,500 genes) at both input amounts, albeit with a lower % aligned reads to transcriptome (46-47%), and an increased % reads aligned to Ribosomal RNA when compared to RNA Access. Thus, while both methods are capable of comparable levels of performance, the RNA Access method is more cost-effective from a sequencing standpoint. These characteristics were maintained across a group of additional FFPE-derived samples tested by both methods. Taken together, these results demonstrate that an optimized RNA Access method has consistent mapping performance and a high gene detection rate, and is thus suitable for the analysis of low-quantity degraded RNA. Citation Format: Dan Su, Jason G. Powers, Thomas A. Halsey, Patrick Hurban. Optimization of an RNA sequencing method for low-quantity degraded samples [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 429.
Atresia of the Left Atrioventricular Orifice Associated with a Holmes Heart
Authors: Manuelquero
Journal: Circulation (1970)

The first well-documented case of Holmes heart associated with an atretic left atrioventricular orifice is reported. The Holmes heart may be considered as a single ventricle in which the main chamber has the morphologic characteristics of a left ventricle, the infundibular chamber is not inverted, and the great arteries are normally arranged. The importance of this report is greater than its simple description since it definitely establishes that coexistence of a true single ventricle and atresia of the atrioventricular orifice is possible.
Safety and Acceptability of Esophageal Cytosponge Cell Collection Device in a Pooled Analysis of Data From Individual Patients
Authors: Wladyslaw Januszewicz, Wei Keith Tan, Katie Lehovsky, Irene Debiram-Beecham, Tara Nuckcheddy, Susan Moist, Sudarshan Kadri, Massimiliano di Pietro, Alex Boussioutas, Nicholas J. Shaheen, David A. Katzka, Evan S. Dellon, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2018)