tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antipsychotic Drug Prescribing in Nursing Homes
Authors: Muriel R. Gillick
Journal: JAMA (2017)

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Factors associated with participating in formal support services among family caregivers of older adults with poor-prognosis cancers.
Authors: J Nicholas Dionne-Odom, Allison Applebaum, Katherine Ornstein, Andres Azuero, Paula Warren, Richard A. Taylor, Gabrielle Betty Rocque, Elizabeth Ann Kvale, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Maria Pisu, Edward E. Partridge, Michelle Y Martin, Marie Bakitas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

21 Background: Family caregivers of persons with cancer are at high risk for distress and may benefit from formal support services. The purpose of this study was to describe cancer family caregiver’s use of and desire for formal support services. Methods: Cross-sectional mail survey conducted in communities of eight cancer centers in Tennessee, Alabama, and Florida. Family caregivers of Medicare beneficiaries with pancreatic, lung, brain, ovarian, head and neck, hematologic, and stage IV cancers reported support service use and completed validated measures of depression, anxiety, burden, preparedness, and health. Results: Caregivers(n = 294) were on average age 65.5 years and mostly female (72.8%), white (91.2%), and care recipients’ spouse/partner (60.2%). Patients averaged 75.3 years and were mostly male (54.4%). Formal support services were used by 32.0% (n = 94) of all caregivers; 4.4% used therapy or counseling, 19.7% received education and training; and 11.2% received assistance from local, state, or national organizations. Twenty-eight percent of all caregivers were “mostly or “extremely” interested in receiving support services; of those, 44% had high depressive symptoms, 52.3% had high anxiety symptoms, and 36.4% in the lowest quartile of preparedness. In multivariate analyses, participation in services was significantly associated with lower objective burden, higher preparedness, not working, and not being the patient’s spouse. Being “mostly” or “extremely” interested in support services was significantly associated with being a minority, shorter durations of caregiving, and with higher stress burden. Conclusions: While distressed and underprepared family caregivers reported strong interest in formal support services, only a small proportion accessed these services. Strategies to increase service use may include targeting those caregivers who are still early in their caregiving experience and who report high stress burden.
Prediction of survival outcomes in NSCLC using a new PRO index from the LCSS (Lung Cancer Symptom Scale): Results of a 622-patient prospective trial.
Authors: Richard J. Gralla, Patricia J Hollen, Sumitra Thongprasert, Hoon-Kyo Kim, Te-Chun Hsia, Shi Yuankai, Nina Kohn, Martin Lesser
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

8087 Background: Accurate and easy prediction of survival at the onset of treatment for all patients is required for appropriate trial design and personalization of patient (pt) monitoring. No pt reported factor is routinely used for these purposes, as performance status (PS) is not pt rated. Methods: This prospective study, the AP-QL lung trial, enlisted 622 pts receiving initial docetaxel-based chemotherapy (80% with cisplatin or carboplatin) and correlated patient reported outcomes (PROs) from an electronic version of the LCSS (eLCSS-QL) every 3 weeks with survival outcomes. The eLCSS-QL requires &lt; 3 minutes. Results: Baseline PROs and survival data were available for 96% of pts. Pts: 70% male; 65% adenoca; medians: KPS = 90; ECOG = 1 (27% ECOG 0); Stages: IV (72%), IIIB (28%). Survival: 12.8 months median; 52%, 1 year. Survival results were analyzed for differences for those living less than or greater than the median for each NSCLC symptom and LCSS global factor. For symptoms such as pain, dyspnea, or appetite, survival differences above and below the median varied from 2.5 to 4 months. Unlike individual symptoms which are found only in subsets of pts, LCSS pt-reported global items (symptom distress, activity level, and quality of life) each apply to all pts. Median survival differences above (positive factor) or below (negative factor) medians for each global item varied by 4 months (p &lt; 0.003). An index was created using the number of negative factors, 0 to 3, based on survival less than the median for each of these 3 factors (Table). Conclusions: Several large and highly significant survival differences can be predicted by this simple LCSS HRQL-PRO Index, if assessed prior to chemotherapy. This index identifies more accurate survival differences than PS, can assist better trial design and analysis, and can aid in personalizing patient monitoring based on individual likelihood of risk and benefit. The results illustrate the strong correlations of PROs with survival. [Table: see text]
Low dose aspirin as adjuvant treatment for venous leg ulceration: pragmatic, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial (Aspirin4VLU)
Authors: Andrew Jull, Angela Wadham, Chris Bullen, Varsha Parag, Ngaire Kerse, Jill Waters
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Objective To determine the effect of low dose aspirin on ulcer healing in patients with venous leg ulcers.Design Pragmatic, community based, parallel group, double blind, randomised controlled trial.Setting Five community nursing centres in New Zealand.Participants 251 adults with venous leg ulcers who could safely be treated with aspirin or placebo: 125 were randomised to aspirin and 126 to placebo.Interventions 150 mg oral aspirin daily or matching placebo for up to 24 weeks treatment, with compression therapy as standard background treatment.Main outcome measures The primary outcome was time to complete healing of the reference ulcer (largest ulcer if more than one ulcer was present). Secondary outcomes included proportion of participants healed, change in ulcer area, change in health related quality of life, and adverse events. Analysis was by intention to treat.Results The median number of days to healing of the reference ulcer was 77 in the aspirin group and 69 in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0.85, 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 1.13, P=0.25). The number of participants healed at the endpoint was 88 (70%) in the aspirin group and 101 (80%) in the placebo group (risk difference -9.8%, 95% confidence interval -20.4% to 0.9%, P=0.07). Estimated change in ulcer area was 4.1 cm2 in the aspirin group and 4.8 cm2 in the placebo group (mean difference -0.7 cm2, 95% confidence interval -1.9 to 0.5 cm2, P=0.25). 40 adverse events occurred among 29 participants in the aspirin group and 37 adverse events among 27 participants in the placebo group (incidence rate ratio 1.1, 95% confidence interval 0.7 to 1.7, P=0.71).Conclusion Our findings do not support the use of low dose aspirin as adjuvant treatment for venous leg ulcers.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02158806.
pH/Ultrasound Dual‐Responsive Gas Generator for Ultrasound Imaging‐Guided Therapeutic Inertial Cavitation and Sonodynamic Therapy
Authors: Qianhua Feng, Wanxia Zhang, Xuemei Yang, Yuzhen Li, Yongwei Hao, Hongling Zhang, Lin Hou, Zhenzhong Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Herein, a pH/ultrasound dual-responsive gas generator is reported, which is based on mesoporous calcium carbonate (MCC) nanoparticles by loading sonosensitizer (hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME)) and modifying surface hyaluronic acid (HA). After pinpointing tumor regions with prominent targeting efficiency, HMME/MCC-HA decomposes instantaneously under the cotriggering of tumoral inherent acidic condition and ultrasound (US) irradiation, concurrently accompanying with CO2 generation and HMME release with spatial/temporal resolution. Afterward, the CO2 bubbling and bursting effect under US stimulus results in cavitation-mediated irreversible cell necrosis, as well as the blood vessel destruction to further occlude the blood supply, providing a "bystander effect." Meanwhile, reactive oxygen species generated from HMME can target the apoptotic pathways for effective sonodynamic therapy. Thus, the combination of apoptosis/necrosis with multimechanisms consequently results in a remarkable antitumor therapeutic efficacy, simultaneously minimizing the side effects on major organs. Moreover, the echogenic property of CO2 make the nanoplatform as a powerful ultrasound contrast agent to identify cancerous lesions. Based on the above findings, such all-in-one drug delivery platform of HMME/MCC-HA is utilized to provide the US imaging guidance for therapeutic inertial cavitation and sonodynamic therapy simultaneously, which highlights possibilities of advancing cancer theranostics in biomedical fields.
‘Twitterland’: a brave new world?
Authors: Elena Nikiphorou, Paul Studenic, Alessia Alunno, Mary Canavan, Meghna Jani, Francis Berenbaum
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

In an era of rapidly expanding digital technologies and social media (SM), considerable transformations in the delivery of healthcare are taking place. SM channels such as Facebook and Twitter represent a generation of online platforms that foster user-generated content, social interaction and real-time collaboration.1 In this letter, we review the advantages and disadvantages of engaging with Twitter within the rheumatology field.

The ease of access to a wide range of SM platforms provides a dynamic medium for professional interaction. Twitter is gaining increasing attention by healthcare professionals as a platform for information sharing and professional networking, learning and communication. Twitter journal clubs (@RheumJC2 and @EULAR_JC3) are some examples of novel educational uses of Twitter.

Despite the many positive applications of Twitter, potential hazards cannot be underestimated. The restricted character count of a tweet (140 characters) represents an important limitation, posing a …
Diagnostic criteria for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a Fleischner Society White Paper
Authors: David A Lynch, Nicola Sverzellati, William D Travis, Kevin K Brown, Thomas V Colby, Jeffrey R Galvin, Jonathan G Goldin, David M Hansell, Yoshikazu Inoue, Takeshi Johkoh, Andrew G Nicholson, Shandra L Knight, Suhail Raoof, Luca Richeldi, Christopher J Ryerson, Jay H Ryu, Athol U Wells
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2017)
EGFR mutation analysis for prospective patient (pt) selection in AURA3 Phase III trial of osimertinib vs platinum-pemetrexed (plt-pem) in pts with EGFR T790M positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: H. Akamatsu, A. Delmonte, T. John, W-C Su, J-S Lee, G-C Chang, X. Huang, S. Jenkins, S. Dearden, Y-L Wu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Review: In adults with sleep apnea, positive airway pressure does not reduce cardiovascular events or death
Authors: Fergal J. O’Donoghue, Christine F. McDonald
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Source Citation Yu J, Zhou Z, McEvoy RD, et al. Association of positive airway pressure with cardiovascular events and death in adults with sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2017;318:156-66. 28697252
Abstract 16018: Carotid Blood Flow is Dependent on Rate and Duty Cycle During CPR
Authors: Joshua W Lampe, Karen Moodie, Jeffrey R Gould, Christopher L Kaufman, Norman Paradis
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: We have previously presented data that blood flow generated by piston type mechanical chest compressions (MCC) is sensitive to changes in the intra-compression pause time, which chang...
Plasma urate, lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a Mendelian randomisation study in 114 979 individuals from the general population
Authors: Camilla J Kobylecki, Signe Vedel-Krogh, Shoaib Afzal, Sune F Nielsen, Børge G Nordestgaard
Journal: Thorax (2017)

Background Urate is a strong antioxidant in plasma and may protect against lung function impairment. We tested the hypothesis that high plasma urate is causally associated with better lung function and low risk of respiratory symptoms and COPD. Methods We measured lung function and plasma urate in 114 979 individuals from the Copenhagen City Heart Study and the Copenhagen General Population Study and genotyped for SLC2A9 rs7442295 and ABCG2 rs2231142 variants, previously associated with high plasma urate, in 110 152 individuals. Results In the two studies combined, multivariable-adjusted 100 µmol/L higher plasma urate was associated with −1.54% (95% CI −1.67 to −1.40) lower FEV 1 % predicted and −1.57% (95% CI −1.69 to −1.44) lower FVC % predicted observationally; the corresponding estimates for genetically determined 100 µmol/L higher plasma urate were −0.46% (95% CI −1.17 to 0.25) and −0.40% (95% CI −1.03 to 0.23). High plasma urate was also associated with higher risk of respiratory symptoms; however, genetically determined high plasma urate was not associated with respiratory symptoms. Finally, we identified 14 151 individuals with COPD and found ORs of 1.08 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.11) for COPD observationally and 1.01 (95% CI 0.88 to 1.15) genetically per 100 µmol/L higher plasma urate. Conclusion High plasma urate was associated with worse lung function and higher risk of respiratory symptoms and COPD in observational analyses; however, genetically high plasma urate was not associated with any of these outcomes. Thus, our data do not support a direct causal relationship.
Learning curve for transbronchial lung cryobiopsy in diffuse lung disease
Authors: L.M. Almeida, B. Lima, P.C. Mota, N. Melo, A. Magalhães, J.M. Pereira, C.S. Moura, S. Guimarães, A. Morais
Journal: Pulmonology (2017)

Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) is increasingly used in the diagnosis of diffuse lung disease (DLD), but no data have yet been published on the learning curve associated with this technique. To evaluate diagnostic yield, lung tissue sample length and area, and procedure-related complications in a cohort of TBLC procedures to define the learning curve and threshold for proficiency. Retrospective analysis of the first 100 TBLCs performed in different segments of the same lobe in patients with suspected DLD. We compared diagnostic yield, sample length and area, and complications between consecutive groups of patients. The overall diagnostic yield for TBLC was 82%. Median sample length was 5.4 mm (IQR, 5–6) and median area was 19.5 mm2 (IQR, 13.3–25). Pneumothorax was the most common complication (18%). On comparing the two groups of 50 consecutive patients, a significant difference was found for diagnostic yield (74% vs 90%; p = 0.04), sample length (5.0 mm [2.5–16] vs 6.0 mm [4–12;] p < 0.01) and area (17.5 mm2 [6–42] vs 21.5 mm2 [10–49]; p < 0.01). Logarithm regression was applied to median diagnostic yield and sample length and area for groups of 10 consecutive patients to define the learning curve, which plateaued after approximately 70 procedures. Our findings suggest that proficiency in TBLC is achieved at approximately the 70th procedure; however they need to be validated in more series and cohorts.
Optimisation of empirical antimicrobial therapy in patients with haematological malignancies and febrile neutropenia (How Long study): an open-label, randomised, controlled phase 4 trial
Authors: Manuela Aguilar-Guisado, Ildefonso Espigado, Almudena Martín-Peña, Carlota Gudiol, Cristina Royo-Cebrecos, José Falantes, Lourdes Vázquez-López, María Isabel Montero, Clara Rosso-Fernández, María de la Luz Martino, Rocío Parody, José González-Campos, Sebastián Garzón-López, Cristina Calderón-Cabrera, Pere Barba, Nancy Rodríguez, Montserrat Rovira, Enrique Montero-Mateos, Jordi Carratalá, José Antonio Pérez-Simón, José Miguel Cisneros
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2017)
Update analysis of phase Ib study of FOLFOXIRI plus ramucirumab as first-line therapy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: T. Yamada, Y. Kito, H. Satake, H. Taniguchi, Y. Horie, T. Esaki, T. Denda, K. Mori, K. Yamazaki
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Abstract 16846: Expression of the Long Non-coding RNA Malat1 in Inflammatory Cells Controls Atherosclerosis and Plaque Inflammation in Mice and Humans
Authors: Sebastian Cremer, Katharina Michalik, Ariane Fischer, Marion Muhly-Reinholz, Larissa Pfisterer, Ulf Hedin, Ljubica Perisic, Rainier Boon, Andreas M. Zeiher, Stefanie Dimmeler
Journal: Circulation (2016)

The majority of transcribed RNAs function as regulatory RNAs. We previously showed that lncRNA MALAT1 regulates angiogenesis. Since MALAT1 is induced by atheroprotective laminar flow, we hypothesiz...
Repurposing Dasatinib for Ibrutinib-Resistant Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Claudio Scuoppo, Wang Jiguang, Mirjana Persaud, Sandeep Mittan, Laura Pasqualucci, Raul Rabadan, Carla Grandori, Riccardo Dalla-Favera
Journal: Blood (2017)
Uganda grapples with new Marburg disease outbreak
Authors: Henry Wasswa
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Uganda is battling a new outbreak of the Ebola-like Marburg disease, which has hit parts of the eastern region and has so far killed two people.

Medical officials said that a third suspected victim, who died on 25 September, was a 42 year old man who developed symptoms of the disease but was buried before his body samples could be tested. The health ministry said that he was a hunter “who carried out …
“Negative emotions” live in stories, not in the hearts of readers who enjoy them
Authors: Vladimir J Konečni
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

The commendably ambitious project by Menninghaus et al. fails because its main connective tissue - "negative emotions" - is beyond the grasp of the authors' largely literary approach. The critique focuses on their treatment of the Paradox of Fiction, the neglect of the biological, adaptive nature of emotions, and the absence of convincing empirical support for key aspects of the proposed model.
PS06.01 CD44 Confers EMT Phenotypic Change Following Resistance to EGFR-TKIs in Lung Cancer
Authors: K. Suda, I. Murakami, H. Yu, J. Kim, H. Mizuuchi, K. Ellison, C.J. Rivard, A. Tan, T. Mitsudomi, F.R. Hirsch
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Prenatal and postnatal exposure to folate and risk of allergic and respiratory diseases in children: the mothers and children's environmental health study in South Korea
Authors: J. H. Kim, K-S Jeong, E-H Ha, H-S Park, M-N Ha, Y-C Hong, S-Y Bhang, S. J. Lee, S. H. Lee, Y. Kim
Journal: Allergy (2018)
Multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Greece: predominance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes endemic in the Former Soviet Union countries
Authors: P. Ioannidis, D. van Soolingen, I. Mokrousov, D. Papaventsis, S. Karabela, E. Konstantinidou, I. Marinou, S. Nikolaou, S. Kanavaki, E. Mantadakis, G. Samonis, R. Anthony, E. Vogiatzakis
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2017)
Current and Emergent Therapy Options for Advanced Squamous Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Mark A. Socinski, Coleman Obasaju, David Gandara, Fred R. Hirsch, Philip Bonomi, Paul A. Bunn, Edward S. Kim, Corey J. Langer, Ronald B. Natale, Silvia Novello, Luis Paz-Ares, Maurice Pérol, Martin Reck, Suresh S. Ramalingam, Craig H. Reynolds, David R. Spigel, Heather Wakelee, Nick Thatcher
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Abstract 14841: Whole-genome microRNA Sequencing Reveals Circulating microRNAs as High-Risk Markers in Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Alice Wang, Lydia Coulter-Kwee, Elizabeth Grass, Simon G Gregory, Paul W Armstrong, Keith A Fox, E. Magnus Ohman, Matthew Roe, Svati H Shah, Mark Y Chan
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  MicroRNAs (miRs) have emerged as promising circulating biomarkers in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Given the complex relationship between clinical risk factors and non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) outcomes, understanding the relationship of miRs and high-risk factors may help dissect independent versus mediating effects of miRs on NSTE-ACS outcomes.   Hypothesis:  There are associations between specific circulating miRs and established clinical risk factors in patients with NSTE-ACS.   Methods:  Whole-genome miR sequencing was performed on total RNA extracted from whole blood of 199 patients with NSTE-ACS from the TRILOGY-ACS trial with similar baseline characteristics. Generalized linear models were used to test associations between 247 identified miRs and 13 high-risk factors CVD risk factors including atrial fibrillation (AF), Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score on presentation and chronic heart failure (HF). A false discovery rate of 0.05 was used to correct for multiple comparisons.   Results:  Overall, 205 risk factor-miR associations were nominally significant (p   Conclusions:  We identified circulating miRs with expression patterns associated with high-risk factors in NSTE-ACS. MiRs 3135b, 126-5p, 142-5p, 144-5p and miR 28-3p are known mediators of CV development or disease, suggesting their potential role in modulating genomic risk in NSTE-ACS. These miRs may serve as prognostic biomarkers for risk stratification to better predict poor outcomes in patients with NSTE-ACS.
P2.07-021 A Checkpoint Molecule B7-H3 as a Novel Immune Therapy Target for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: K. Yonesaka, K. Kudoh, S. Takamura, H. Sakai, R. Kato, K. Haratani, T. Takahama, K. Tanaka, H. Hayashi, H. Kaneda, M. Takeda, O. Maenishi, M. Yamato, M. Miyazawa, K. Nishio, K. Nakagawa
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Abstract 16964: Bleeding Risk With Co-Administration of Commonly Used Cardiac P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors and Apixaban
Authors: Daniel Howell, Lynn Zaremski, Jay N Gross, Jorge Romero, Soo Kim, John Fisher, Luigi Di Biase, Kevin Ferrick, Andrew Krumerman
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Apixaban is increasingly being used in atrial fibrillation for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism. The primary risk of treatment with Apixaban is bleeding, which can be fa...
EGFR mutation is associated with short progression free survival in patients with stage IIIB non-squamous cell lung cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: S.E. Park, H. Lee, J.H. Cho, Y.J. Kim, H.K. Kim, S. Lim, S-H Lee, J-M Sun, J.S. Ahn, K. Park, M-J Ahn
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)