tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of the patient reported outcome “living with cancer” instrument on overall survival in advanced cancer patients: A tool for guiding timing of palliative care consultations.
Authors: Stuart L. Goldberg, Dhakshila Paramanathan, Srikesh Arunajadai, Victoria DeVincenzo, Ruth Pe Benito, Brooke Gruman, Sukhi Kaur, Andre Goy, Usha Niranjan, Denis Fitzgerald, Julianne Wilkins Childs, James W. Lee, May D. Abdo-Matkiwsky, Kelly Choi, John Hervey, Eric Schultz, Andrew Pecora
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

10025 Background: The Living with Cancer (LWC) patient reported outcome (PRO) instrument evaluates distress from the point of view of the advanced cancer pt. The 7-item Likert survey measures 4 personhood domains (performance status, pain, burden [financial and family], depression) with scores ranging 0-112. In a pilot study of 433 cancer pts at a single center a score of &gt;28 was associated with an increased likelihood of physician’s (blinded) opinion of need for end-of-life care discussions ( J Palliative Med 2016). Methods: The LWC instrument is a statistically validated PRO (ASCO Palliative Care Symposium 2016). LWC was administered to 1024 cancer pts receiving non-curative therapy at 7 centers (Regional Cancer Care Associates, NJ) from Sept 2015 - Oct 2016. LWC surveys were linked to the Cota database, which extracts and enriches data from EHRs. Date of survey was used as the start point in time-to-event analysis. Results: 290 (28%) pts expired during the study (median f/u 9.9 months). 267 (26%) pts exceeded the threshold score of 28 defined in the pilot set (28 was also independently this study’s optimal cut point). Pts with an LWC score &gt;28 had inferior 6 and 12 mo overall survival (69% and 54%) vs pts with scores &lt;29 (88% and 73%) (log rank p&lt;0.001). A Cox model demonstrated that LWC score and cancer type were significant (LWC: p&lt;0.001, cancer types (compared to B): GI p&lt;0.001, GU: p=0.013, T: p&lt;0.001, M: p=0.334) A one point score increase in LWC resulted in a 1.8% increase in expected hazard. Among solid tumor pts with LWC &gt;28, 20% died within the next 3 mo and 35% died within the next 6 mo, indicating appropriate timing for hospice and palliative care consults, respectively. Conclusions: Pt responses to the LWC instrument predict survival among advanced cancer pts and may be useful in guiding timing of palliative care consultations. [Table: see text]
二相力‐頻度関係は,肥大型心筋症の患者における一次心臓イベントを予測する
Authors: Morimoto Ryota, Okumura Takahiro, K Bando Yasuko, Fukaya Kenji, Sawamura Akinori, Kawase Haruya, Shimizu Shinya, Shimazu Shuzo, Hirashiki Akihiro, Takeshita Kyosuke, Murohara Toyoaki
Journal: Circulation (2017)
Cancer-specific virotherapy for bronchioloalveolar cancer
Authors: Hongyong Zhang, Li Peng, Ching-hai Kao, Liang Cheng, Chong-xian Pan
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

3298    Background:  Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) is highly resistant to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. BAC is an ideal target for gene therapy because of its inability to invade or metastasize and because of its easy accessibility through intratracheal administration of virus. Nevertheless, so far, no virus is available that is specific to BAC. The long-term goal of this project is to develop replicative adenovirus-based virotherapy specific for BAC.   Hypothesis:  Adenoviral replication and cell eradication can be restricted to certain cells by controlling the expression of the adenoviral early genes with cell-specific promoters.   Experimental design:  We will restrict adenoviral early genes E1a, E1b and E4 with specific promoters which are actively transcribed in BAC cells.   Results:  The surfactant protein A (SPA) promoter has much higher activity in BAC cell lines than other non-BAC cell lines. The human telomerase catalytic gene hTERT promoter has high activity in cancer cell lines. The SPA and hTERT promoters can control the expression of viral early genes E1A, E1B and E4, and a green fluorescence protein gene (GFP) in the cells where these two promoters are actively transcribed. The BAC-restricted replicative adenovirus (BRRA) controlled by SPA and hTERT promoters can infect, replicate and lyse BAC cells.  In vivo  study with an orthotopic BAC mouse model has been planned.  Conclusion:  Cancer-specific promoters can control adenoviral early gene expression and restrict the cell lysis effects of the cancer-specific adenovirus.
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis Revealed by Ulcerating Nodules Within Tattoos
Authors: Brandon L. Adler, Gene H. Kim, Alexandra D. Haden
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2017)

The patient, a previously healthy 37-year-old man, presented with new onset erythematous ulcerating nodules within longstanding tattoos on the upper arms (A). He reported making homemade ink by crushing graphite pencil tips, and tattooing himself using unsterilized instruments. Lesions were mildly tender.

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Erratum: Lack of mucosal immune reconstitution during prolonged treatment of acute and early HIV-1 infection (PloS Medicine 3,12 DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed. 0030484)
Authors: Saurabh Mehandru, Michael A. Poles, Klara Tenner-Racz, Patrick Jean-Pierre, Victoria Manuelli, Peter Lopez, Anita Shet, Andrea Low, Hiroshi Mohri, Daniel Boden, Paul Racz, Martin Markowitz
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)
Abstract 17802: Moderate Alcohol Consumption Is Associated With a Decreased Prevalence of Some but Not All Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults
Authors: Duc H Du, Raimondo Bruno, Terry Dwyer, Alison Venn, Seana Gall
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  There has been recent debate about whether the benefits of alcohol consumption for cardiovascular health have been overstated due to the use of abstainers as the comparator and inadequate control for confounding factors including physical activity and mental health.   Hypothesis:  Moderate consumption, but not abstaining or heavy consumption, will be associated with better cardio-metabolic health in young adults.   Methods:  Cross-sectional data from the 2004-06 Childhood Determinants of Adult Health study on alcohol consumption from questionnaire and cardio-metabolic risk factors measured in clinics were used. Linear and log binomial regression were used to examine alcohol consumption (categories: none 0g/day; light >0-10g/day [reference]; moderate >10-20g/day; heavy >20-30g/day; very heavy >30g/day) against dichotomous metabolic syndrome (MetS) (NCEP/ATP III definition), continuous MetS risk score, waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, blood pressure (BP), glucose, carotid intima-media thickness, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Covariates included socio-demographics, smoking, diet, physical activity, fitness, depression and anxiety.   Results:  Of the 2,220 participants (48% males, mean [SD] age 29.5[2.5] years), most had light alcohol consumption (54.2%), less consumed none (13.2%), heavy (5.2%) or very heavy (5.5%) amounts. Only moderate drinking was associated with a reduced MetS prevalence (prevalence ratio 0.64, p trend  trend     Conclusion:  Moderate alcohol consumption was associated with a lower prevalence of MetS and its components even when compared to light consumption and with account for a range of confounding factors; however, the positive association between very heavy drinking and blood pressure in young adults should not be ignored.
Allergen sensitization in a birth cohort at midchildhood: Focus on food component IgE and IgG4 responses
Authors: Jeffrey M. Wilson, Lisa Workman, Alexander J. Schuyler, Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, Emily C. McGowan, Emily Oken, Diane R. Gold, Robert G. Hamilton, Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)
Association of breast milk fatty acids with allergic disease outcomes—A systematic review
Authors: N. T. Waidyatillake, S. C. Dharmage, K. J. Allen, C. J. Lodge, J. A. Simpson, G. Bowatte, M. J. Abramson, A. J. Lowe
Journal: Allergy (2017)

Abstract Introduction Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFA s) have immunoregulatory properties. Breast milk is rich in PUFA , and it has been hypothesized that these PUFA s may be important in the aetiology of allergic diseases. Despite a growing body of evidence, the associations between breast milk PUFA and allergic disease have not previously been systematically reviewed. Methods The search was performed in PubMed and EMBASE databases using breastfeeding, fatty acid and allergic disease terms. Two authors were involved in selecting papers for review according to the inclusion criteria and extracting information on study characteristics and measures of association. Only studies that reported numeric associations between concentration of breast milk fatty acids and allergic disease outcomes were included. Results A total of 18 papers met the inclusion criteria, reporting results from 15 study populations. The majority were cohort studies (n=11), with data from only two case‐control and two cross‐sectional studies. Sample size varied between 30 and 352 participants, and follow‐up time of the cohorts varied between 3 months and 14 years. Nine studies reported on eczema, seven reported on sensitization, and only five reported on asthma/wheeze. There was heterogeneity among studies in terms of presenting the association between PUFA and allergy; therefore, estimates could not be pooled. Only a few studies observed associations between n‐3 and n‐6 PUFA s and allergic disease, and the magnitude of this effect varied greatly. Conclusions There is insufficient evidence to suggest that colostrum or breast milk polyunsaturated fatty acids influence the risk of childhood allergic diseases.
PTH-057 Influence of iron on gut microbial composition in acute dss-induced colitis in c57bl/6 mice
Authors: A Mahalhal, B Campbell, DM Pritchard, C Probert
Journal: Gut (2017)

Introduction  Iron deficiency anaemia is common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Iron supplementation may induce or exacerbate colitis in rats ( APT  2001; 15:1989–99). Dysbiosis is common in IBD and iron contributes to this as it is a growth factor for some bacteria. We investigated the acute effect of dietary iron supplementation and/or reduction on the intestinal microbiome in a murine model of colitis. We report results of changes at the phylum level.  Method  Studies were performed on six groups of wild-type mice (6/group). Acute colitis was induced with 2% dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) for 5 days, followed by 5 further days on water. DSS-treated mice were fed one of three diets (from day-1 of DSS treatment): Low iron [LI] (100ppm), normal iron [NI] (200ppm) and high iron [HI] supplemented (400ppm) chow. Also, three non-DSS-treated groups were studied and fed similarly. Clinical and pathological data were compared at day-1 vs. day-10, bacterial gDNA was extracted from faeces and microbiota composition determined from the sequence of V4 region of  16  S  rDNA on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Statistical inferences were made using Welch’s t-test with post-hoc analysis ( Bioinformatics  2010; 26:715–21).  Results  DSS-induced colitis was exacerbated in LI and HI groups, more so in LI mice (as determined by mean total body weight loss [9.2%, at day-8] and significantly worse histology; median score 2.5, at day-10). However, faecal phyla changes were only seen following DSS treatment in the HI group at day-10 vs. day-1 with increased  Proteobacteria  (p Actinobacteria  (p Fusobacteria  (p Firmicutes  (p Bacteroidetes  (p  Conclusion  DSS-induced colitis occurred in each group, but the severity was greatest in mice on low or high iron diets. Dysbiosis was only evident in mice receiving the high iron diet. These data suggest that 1) luminal iron may influence the severity of colitis, but 2) dysbiosis occurred when DSS was administered with the high iron diet, but not with low and normal iron diets. These findings suggest a role for iron in the dysbiosis seen during relapse of IBD and likely GI symptoms following iron supplementation.  Disclosure of Interest  None Declared
Notes from the Field: <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> Outbreak at a Catered Lunch — Connecticut, September 2016
Authors: Vivian H. Leung, Quyen Phan, Cynthia E. Costa, Christina Nishimura, Kelly Pung, Liz Horn, Lynn Sosa
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)
Biodegradation of Mg-14Li alloy in simulated body fluid: A proof-of-concept study
Authors: Xiao-Bo Chen, Chuanqiang Li, Daokui Xu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2017)

High corrosion kinetics and localised corrosion progress are the primary concerns arising from the clinical implementation of magnesium (Mg) based implantable devices. In this study, a binary Mg-lithium (Li) alloy consisting a record high Li content of 14% (in weight) was employed as model material aiming to yield homogenous and slow corrosion behaviour in a simulated body fluid, i.e. minimum essential medium (MEM), in comparison to that of generic Mg alloy AZ31 and biocompatible Mg-0.5Zn-0.5Ca counterparts. Scanning electron microscopy examination reveals single-phase microstructural characteristics of Mg-14Li (β-Li), whilst the presence of insoluble phases, cathodic to α-Mg matrix, in AZ31 and Mg-0.5Zn-0.5Ca. Though slight differences exist in the corrosion kinetics of all the specimens over a short-term time scale (no longer than 60 min), as indicated by potentiodynamic polarisation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, profound variations are apparent in terms of immersion tests, i.e. mass loss and hydrogen evolution measurements (up to 7 days). Cross-sectional micrographs unveil severe pitting corrosion in AZ31 and Mg-0.5Zn-0.5Ca, but not the case for Mg-14Li. X-ray diffraction patterns and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirm that a compact film (25 μm in thickness) consisting of lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) and calcium hydroxide was generated on the surface of Mg-14Li in MEM, which contributes greatly to its low corrosion rate. It is proposed therefore that the single-phase structure and formation of protective and defect-free Li2CO3 film give rise to the controlled and homogenous corrosion behaviour of Mg-14Li in MEM, providing new insights for the exploration of biodegradable Mg materials.
Fast-TRKing Drug Development for Rare Molecular Targets
Authors: Aparna R. Parikh, Ryan B. Corcoran
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2017)

Abstract Summary: Drug development for rare molecular targets in oncology presents unique challenges. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Drilon and colleagues report the accelerated development and innovative initial clinical trial strategy of a next-generation TRK inhibitor, LOXO-195, designed to overcome common secondary TRK resistance mutations. Cancer Discov; 7(9); 934–6. ©2017 AACR. See related article by Drilon et al., p. 963.
Proximal Tubular Cannabinoid-1 Receptor Regulates Obesity-Induced CKD
Authors: Shiran Udi, Liad Hinden, Brian Earley, Adi Drori, Noa Reuveni, Rivka Hadar, Resat Cinar, Alina Nemirovski, Joseph Tam
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2017)

Obesity-related structural and functional changes in the kidney develop early in the course of obesity and occur independently of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Activating the renal cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB 1 R) induces nephropathy, whereas CB 1 R blockade improves kidney function. Whether these effects are mediated via a specific cell type within the kidney remains unknown. Here, we show that specific deletion of CB 1 R in the renal proximal tubule cells did not protect the mice from obesity, but markedly attenuated the obesity-induced lipid accumulation in the kidney and renal dysfunction, injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. These effects associated with increased activation of liver kinase B1 and the energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase, as well as enhanced fatty acid β -oxidation. Collectively, these findings indicate that renal proximal tubule cell CB 1 R contributes to the pathogenesis of obesity-induced renal lipotoxicity and nephropathy by regulating the liver kinase B1/AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
iPSCベース抗老化療法:最近の発見と将来の挑戦【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Pareja-Galeano Helios, Sanchis-Gomar Fabian, M Perez Laura, Emanuele Enzo, Lucia Alejandro, G Galvez Beatriz, Gallardo Maria Esther
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2016)
AB0012 In the elderly acpa-negative ra is more prevalent than acpa-positive ra while the composition of the acpa-response appears identical
Authors: D Boeters, L Mangnus, S Ajeganova, E Lindqvist, B Svensson, R Toes, L Trouw, T Huizinga, F Berenbaum, J Morel, S Rantapää-Dahlqvist, A van der Helm-van Mil
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) consists of two syndromes, one autoantibody-positive and one autoantibody-negative. This multi-cohort study assessed the age of onset in relation to the presence of autoantibodies. The association with characteristics of the anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA)-response was also explored. <h3>Objectives</h3> 1) determine the association between age of RA-onset and the presence of ACPA, rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) antibodies, 2) study if age of onset was associated with characteristics of the ACPA-response, 3) substantiate previously reported associations between age of onset and clinical characteristics. <h3>Methods</h3> 3,321 1987-positive RA-patients included in the Leiden-EAC, BARFOT, ESPOIR, Umeå and Lund cohorts were studied at presentation on age of onset and the presence of ACPA, RF and anti-CarP antibodies. Logistic regression analyses were performed; effect sizes were summarized in inverse-weighted meta-analyses. Within ACPA-positive RA, ACPA-level was studied in all cohorts; ACPA-isotypes, ACPA-fine-specificity and ACPA-avidity index and clinical characteristics were studied in the Leiden-EAC. <h3>Results</h3> From the age of fifty onwards, the proportion of ACPA-negative RA-patients increased in Dutch, Swedish and French cohorts. Similar observations were done for RF and anti-CarP. The composition of the ACPA-response did not change with increasing age of onset with respect to titer, isotype distribution, fine specificity and avidity index. With increasing age of onset RA-patients smoked less often, had higher acute phase reactants and more often a sub(acute) symptom onset. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Data of five cohorts revealed that with higher age of onset ACPA-negative RA is more frequent than ACPA-positive RA, while characteristics of ACPA-positive RA as judged by the composition of the ACPA-response appeared not age-dependent. Although more biologic studies are needed to characterize the pathogenesis of ACPA-negative polyarthritis at older age, the present data can promote personalized treatment decisions in ACPA-negative patients in daily practice. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
抗菌活性を有する間葉系幹細胞への遺伝子デリバリーのためのユニークな非ウイルス性ベクターとしての金ナノ粒子を用いた抗微生物ペプチドの統合【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Peng Li-Hua, Huang Yan-Fen, Zhang Chen-Zhen, Niu Jie, Chen Ying, Chu Yang, Jiang Zhi-Hong, Gao Jian-Qing, Mao Zheng-Wei
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Letter by Jiang et al Regarding Article, “Fire Simulation and Cardiovascular Health in Firefighters”
Authors: Xiao-Wei Jiang, Cheng-Zhi Yang, Shu-Bin Qiao
Journal: Circulation (2017)

We read with great interest the wonderful research article presented by Hunter et al 1 about myocardial infarction in firefighters.Their article presents an important clinical implication that firefighters during fire stimulation exposure could mitigate the risk of myocardial infarction through active cooling and effective rehydration.However, we think that the evidence in the article on diagnosing myocardial infarction in the firefighters during fire stimulation exposure was limited.Although the increased concentrations of cardiac troponin I at 1 hour after fire simulation exposure was statistically significant, the slight variation of troponin was more likely caused by dehydration, not myocardial infarction, and the variation of concentrations could be detected by a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay with high precision.Maybe the better way to diagnose myocardial infarction is to measure plasma troponin concentrations under the conditions that eliminate the influence of dehydration by infusing the same amount of physiological saline into the firemen's vein as the total amount of weight lost and uric liquid.From the perspective of the ECG, there was a significant increase in the number of episodes of ST-segment depression and cumulative ischemic burden during fire simulation exposure compared with the control period.However, the maximum heart rate was also increased, which could be considered a confounding factor.Is the increased ischemic burden the result of fire stimulation, just the increasing heart rate, or both?Maybe adding a group with increasing heart rate from an exercise stress could explain the situation more clearly.
Lessons for life
Authors: Elizabeth Loder
Journal: BMJ (2017)

As children around the world trudge back to school, it’s worth considering the connection between education and health. Better educated people have a lower risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and even certain kinds of cancer. Is education the cause of these better outcomes, or is it just a marker of people who are destined to be healthier for other reasons?

Tillmann and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.j3542) used mendelian randomisation to see whether people with genetic variants associated with longer education have a lower risk of coronary heart disease. And they do: 3.6 years’ extra education was associated with a roughly one …
Technique Suitable for Quantitative Studies on the Mammary Tumor Inciter of Mice
Authors: Andervont, Howard B., Shimkin, Michael B., Bryan, W. Ray
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1942)

Journal Article Technique Suitable for Quantitative Studies on the Mammary Tumor Inciter of Mice Get access Howard B. Andervont, Howard B. Andervont principal biologist Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael B. Shimkin, Michael B. Shimkin passed assistant surgeon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. Ray Bryan W. Ray Bryan biologist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 3, Issue 3, December 1942, Pages 309–318, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/3.3.309 Published: 01 December 1942