tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 9767: History of Gallstones and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: Prospective Cohorts and Systematic Review
Authors: Yan Zheng, Min Xu, Yanping Li, Eric Rimm, Frank Hu, Janine Wirth, Christine Albert, Kathryn Rexrode, JoAnn Manson, Lu Qi
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Recent evidence suggests that gut microbiota functions like a metabolically active ‘organ’ and influences cardiovascular risk. Gallstone patients are characterized by gut microbiota dysbiosis and distorted metabolism; however, the relation between gallstones and coronary heart disease (CHD) is less well established. Methods: We examined the association between a history of gallstones and risk of CHD in 3 large prospective cohorts, and conducted a meta-analysis of published data with our result. A prospective study of 225,430 women and 44,637 men without CHD at baseline from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) (112,509 women; 1980-2010), NHS II (112,921 women; 1989-2011) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) (44,637 men; 1986-2010). Other prospective cohort studies on a history of gallstones and risk of CHD were identified in searches of PUBMED and EMBASE up to March 2015. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, the hazard ratio (HR) for the participants with a gallstone history as compared with those without was 1.16 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-1.22) for NHS, 1.33 (95% CI 1.17-1.51) for NHS II and 1.11 (95% CI 1.03-1.20) for HPFS (all: p-value &lt; 0.01). The associations appeared to be stronger in individuals with BMI&lt;30kg/m2 than ≥30kg/m2. Based on a meta-analysis of seven cohort studies including 356,105 participants and 27,790 incident cases of CHD, a history of gallstone disease was associated with a 25% (95% CI 13%-37%) increase in risk of CHD. Conclusions: Findings from prospective cohort studies consistently support a history of gallstones as an independent predictor of CHD risk.
Efficacy of telemedical interventional management in patients with heart failure (TIM-HF2): a randomised, controlled, parallel-group, unmasked trial
Authors: Friedrich Koehler, Kerstin Koehler, Oliver Deckwart, Sandra Prescher, Karl Wegscheider, Bridget-Anne Kirwan, Sebastian Winkler, Eik Vettorazzi, Leonhard Bruch, Michael Oeff, Christian Zugck, Gesine Doerr, Herbert Naegele, Stefan Störk, Christian Butter, Udo Sechtem, Christiane Angermann, Guntram Gola, Roland Prondzinsky, Frank Edelmann, Sebastian Spethmann, Sebastian M Schellong, P Christian Schulze, Johann Bauersachs, Brunhilde Wellge, Christoph Schoebel, Milos Tajsic, Henryk Dreger, Stefan D Anker, Karl Stangl
Journal: The Lancet (2018)
An evaluation framework for new tests that predict progression from tuberculosis infection to clinical disease
Authors: Sandra V. Kik, Samuel Schumacher, Daniela Maria Cirillo, Gavin Churchyard, Catharina Boehme, Delia Goletti, Molebogeng X. Rangaka, Claudia M. Denkinger, Christian Lienhardt, Christopher Gilpin, Alberto Matteelli, Frank Cobelens
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

Novel accurate tests are needed that identify individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis who have incipient disease and are likely to develop clinical tuberculosis (TB) in the near future to allow for targeted preventive treatment beyond the current risk groups. Recently, a target product profile was developed that outlines the minimal and optimal characteristics for such an incipient TB test. We describe an evaluation framework for generating evidence to inform the development of policy guidance for the use of such a new test by the World Health Organization. Two research objectives are addressed. 1) The predictive ability of an incipient TB test should be assessed in clinical evaluation studies that include the intended target population and follow-up of sufficient duration to observe whether individuals do or do not progress to clinical TB disease. 2) Studies are needed to evaluate the test under routine programmatic conditions and measure its impact on patient- or health-system-important outcomes. For both research objectives, study designs, methods and analysis are described, with the intent to inform the clinical development plans of test manufacturers, researchers and funders.
Abstract 20748: The Impact of Calcification in Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From a Contemporary Multicenter Registry
Authors: Judit Karacsonyi, Dimitri Karmpaliotis, Khaldoon Alaswad, Farouc A Jaffer, Robert W Yeh, Mitul Patel, John Bahadorani, William Lombardi, Michael R Wyman, Aaron Grantham, Anthony Doing, Jeffrey W Moses, Ajay Kirtane, Manish Parikh, Ziad Ali, David Kandzari, Nicholas Lembo, Santiago Garcia, Barbara A Danek, Aris Karatasakis, Erica Resendes, Pratik Kalsaria, Bavana V Rangan, Imre Ungi, Craig A Thompson, Subhash Banerjee, Emmanouil Brilakis
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: We sought to examine the impact of calcification on the outcomes of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: We examined the baseline clinical ...
Abstract 43: Access to Care, Income, Education and Coronary Heart Disease Outcomes in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study
Authors: Marquita W Lewis, Yulia Khodneva, Monika M Safford
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: We have shown that individuals aged &lt;65 years with the combination of low income (INC) and low education (EDU) are at high risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Access to healthcare is often cited as a major contributor to this relationship, but few studies have examined these relationships for combinations of INC and EDU. We hypothesize that he association between INC+EDU categories and incident CHD is mediated by insurance status, rural residence, and living in a health professional shortage area (HPSA). Methods: We used data from 24,666 participants free of CHD at baseline in the national prospective Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort study of black and white participants aged &gt; 45 years recruited between 2003-2007. Low INC (&lt;$35,000) and low EDU (&lt;high school graduation) were used to define four groups (Table column headings). Cox proportional hazards models examined the mediating effects of having health insurance, rural residence, and HPSA residence on the association between combinations of INC-EDU and CHD, stratified on age 65. Results: A total of 1,046 events occurred over mean follow-up 6.4±2.3 years. For those &lt;65, low INC+EDU and low INC+high EDU were associated with higher risk for CHD (Table). In unadjusted models, HPSA residence was not significantly associated with CHD incidence for either younger or older participants, but having health insurance (HR 0.74 [95% CI 0.55-0.99]) and rural residence (HR 1.41 [95% CI 1.14-1.73]) were significantly associated with CHD for younger but not older participants. There was no evidence of mediation by access to care variables (Table). Conclusion: Access to care variables did not mediate the relationship between low INC, especially low INC+EDU, and CHD observed in younger REGARDS participants. Access to care as reflected in health insurance or rural or HPSA residence may not play a major role in the higher risk for CHD in middle aged adults living in low socioeconomic circumstances.
Abstract 11277: Computational Fluid Dynamics Characterization of Pulsatile Flow in Patient Specific Central and Sano Shunts: Relevance to Shear-Stress Induced, Platelet-Mediated Thrombosis
Authors: Robert Ascuitto, Nancy Ross-Ascuitto, Carey Celestin, Martin Guillot
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Central shunts (aorta) and Sano shunts (right ventricle) connected to the pulmonary arteries (PAs) are vital operations for infants with complex heart defects. However, they can become thrombosed. Hypothesis: At sites of prominent angulation, flow augments wall shear stress (WSS), a determinate of platelet-mediated thrombosis. Methods: We employed a patient-based computational model (Fluent) of pulsatile flow (viscosity 5 cPa-s), using a finite volume method and cardiac catheterization data, and geometric simulations (Autodesk Inventor), using angiography, to study flow behavior and WSS. Two central (4.0 and 3.5 mm) and Sano (5 and 6 mm) shunts were assessed. At the inlet to the central and Sano shunts, ascending aorta (AAo, 87/40 and 93/35 mmHg) and right ventricle (RV, 99/10 and 84/10 mmHg) pressures were used, respectively. At the outlets, measured PA pressures were used. Results: For central shunts, Fig 1, WSS reached 245 Pa and 123 Pa, peak systole. For Sano shunts, Fig 2, WSS attained 203 Pa and 133 Pa, peak systole. At sites of angulation, we identified flow vortices augmenting WSS (&gt;100 Pa), and downstream regions of flow stagnation and recirculation, which are conducive to platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. Shunt burden, assessed by averaging WSS over the luminal surface of the shunts and the cardiac cycle, was 73.0 Pa and 67.2 Pa for central shunts, and 34.9 Pa and 19.6 Pa for Sano shunts. Conclusions: Our results indicate central shunts present a higher risk for thrombosis than Sano shunts. Importantly, WSS induced, platelet-mediated thrombosis is insensitive to aspirin, as the process does not involve the cyclooxygenase pathway.
Abstract 15729: Reduction of CD68+ Cells Causes Spontaneous Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Mice
Authors: Amira Zawia, Nadine Arnold, Adam Braithwaite, Josephine Pickwarth, Kay Hopkinson, James Iremonger, Gaynor Miller, Allan Lawrie
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Rational: Macrophages are proposed to play an important regulatory role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) with infiltration detected around vascular lesions in patients and animal models. The exact ‘causal’ role for macrophages, and whether their presence or absence is required or sufficient for the vascular remodelling seen in PAH remains unclear. Objectives: Using a novel inducible macrophage depletion model (MacLow mouse) we aimed to determine the role of macrophages in pulmonary arterial remodeling associated with PAH. Methods and results: Macrophage depletion was induced in MacLow mice by administration of doxycycline, where macrophage-specific induction of the cytotoxic diphtheria toxin A chain is driven by the CD68 promoter. Mice were phenotyped for PAH by echocardiography, closed chest cardiac catheterization and immunohistochemistry (IHC) after 6 weeks. Interestingly male but not female MacLow mice developed a PAH phenotype compared to controls (RVSP of 66.1 mmHg vs 24....
Prevalence and outcome of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia diagnosed under veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a retrospective nationwide study
Authors: Antoine Kimmoun, Walid Oulehri, Romain Sonneville, Paul-Henri Grisot, Elie Zogheib, Julien Amour, Nadia Aissaoui, Bruno Megarbane, Nicolas Mongardon, Amelie Renou, Matthieu Schmidt, Emmanuel Besnier, Clément Delmas, Geraldine Dessertaine, Catherine Guidon, Nicolas Nesseler, Guylaine Labro, Bertrand Rozec, Marc Pierrot, Julie Helms, David Bougon, Laurent Chardonnal, Anne Medard, Alexandre Ouattara, Nicolas Girerd, Zohra Lamiral, Marc Borie, Nadine Ajzenberg, Bruno Levy
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2018)
Abstract 12343: Bariatric Surgery is Associated With Reduced Rate of Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations for Heart Failure Exacerbation Among Obese Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Yuichi J Shimada, Yusuke Tsugawa, David F Brown, Kohei Hasegawa
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is a significant societal burden. Obesity is known as a possible risk factor for HF exacerbation. However, little is known as to whether weight loss interventions, such as bariatric surgery, effectively reduce the rate of HF exacerbation. Hypothesis: Bariatric surgery is associated with a reduction in the rate of ED visits and hospitalizations for HF exacerbation.. Methods: We performed a self-controlled case series study (each individual serves as his/her own control) of obese patients with HF who underwent bariatric surgery, using the population-based ED and inpatient sample in 3 states (California, Florida, and Nebraska). Primary outcome was ED visit or hospitalization for HF exacerbation from 2005 to 2011. We used conditional logistic regression to compare each patient's rate of the outcome event during sequential 12-month periods, using pre-surgery months 13-24 as the reference period. Results: We identified 1664 patients with HF who underwent bariatric surgery. During the reference period, 14.4% (95% CI, 12.7-16.0%) of patients had an ED visit or hospitalization for HF exacerbation (Figure). The rate remained unchanged in the subsequent 12-month pre-surgery period (13.3 [11.7-15.0]%); adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.92 [0.75-1.12]; P=0.39). In the first 12-month period after bariatric surgery, we observed a significantly lower rate of ED visits or hospitalizations for HF exacerbation (8.7 [7.4-10.1]%; aOR 0.56 [0.45-0.70]; P&lt;0.0001). The rate remained significantly lower in the subsequent 13-24 months after bariatric surgery (8.7 [7.4-10.1]%; aOR 0.56 [0.45-0.70]; P&lt;0.0001). In contrast, we did not observe a significant reduction in the rate of HF exacerbation with non-bariatric surgery (i.e., cholecystectomy, hysterectomy). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that bariatric surgery is associated with lower rates of HF exacerbations requiring ED evaluation or hospitalization among obese patients with HF.
The chromosome 11q13.3 amplification associated lymph node metastasis is driven by miR-548k through modulating tumor microenvironment
Authors: Weimin Zhang, Ruoxi Hong, Lin Li, Yan Wang, Peina Du, Yunwei Ou, Zitong Zhao, Xuefeng Liu, Wenchang Xiao, Dezuo Dong, Qingnan Wu, Jie Chen, Yongmei Song, Qimin Zhan
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2018)

The prognosis for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients with lymph node metastasis (LNM) is still dismal. Elucidation of the LNM associated genomic alteration and underlying molecular mechanisms may provide clinical therapeutic strategies for ESCC treatment. Joint analysis of ESCC sequencing data were conducted to comprehensively survey SCNAs and identify driver genes which significantly associated with LNM. The roles of miR-548k in lymphangiogensis and lymphatic metastasis were validated both in vitro and in vivo. ESCC tissue and blood samples were analyzed for association between miR-548k expression and patient clinicopathological features and prognosis and diagnosis. In the pooled cohort of 314 ESCC patients, we found 76 significant focused regions including 43 amplifications and 33 deletions. Clinical implication analysis revealed a panel of genes associated with LNM with the most frequently amplified gene being MIR548K harbored in the 11q13.3 amplicon. Overexpression of miR-548k remarkably promotes lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-548k modulating the tumor microenvironment by promoting VEGFC secretion and stimulating lymphangiogenesis through ADAMTS1/VEGFC/VEGFR3 pathways, while promoting metastasis by regulating KLF10/EGFR axis. Importantly, we found that serum miR-548k and VEGFC of early stage ESCC patients were significantly higher than that in healthy donators, suggesting a promising application of miR-548k and VEGFC as biomarkers in early diagnosis of ESCC. Our study comprehensively characterized SCNAs in ESCC and highlighted the crucial role of miR-548k in promoting lymphatic metastasis, which might be employed as a new diagnostic and prognostic marker for ESCC.
Mouse Motor Cortex Coordinates the Behavioral Response to Unpredicted Sensory Feedback
Authors: Matthias Heindorf, Silvia Arber, Georg B. Keller
Journal: Neuron (2018)

Motor cortex (M1) lesions result in motor impairments, yet how M1 contributes to the control of movement remains controversial. To investigate the role of M1 in sensory guided motor coordination, we trained mice to navigate a virtual corridor using a spherical treadmill. This task required directional adjustments through spontaneous turning, while unexpected visual offset perturbations prompted induced turning. We found that M1 is essential for execution and learning of this visually guided task. Turn-selective layer 2/3 and layer 5 pyramidal tract (PT) neuron activation was shaped differentially with learning but scaled linearly with turn acceleration during spontaneous turns. During induced turns, however, layer 2/3 neurons were activated independent of behavioral response, while PT neurons still encoded behavioral response magnitude. Our results are consistent with a role of M1 in the detection of sensory perturbations that result in deviations from intended motor state and the initiation of an appropriate corrective response.
Genomic correlates of response to immune checkpoint blockade in microsatellite-stable solid tumors
Authors: Diana Miao, Claire A. Margolis, Natalie I. Vokes, David Liu, Amaro Taylor-Weiner, Stephanie M. Wankowicz, Dennis Adeegbe, Daniel Keliher, Bastian Schilling, Adam Tracy, Michael Manos, Nicole G. Chau, Glenn J. Hanna, Paz Polak, Scott J. Rodig, Sabina Signoretti, Lynette M. Sholl, Jeffrey A. Engelman, Gad Getz, Pasi A. Jänne, Robert I. Haddad, Toni K. Choueiri, David A. Barbie, Rizwan Haq, Mark M. Awad, Dirk Schadendorf, F. Stephen Hodi, Joaquim Bellmunt, Kwok-Kin Wong, Peter Hammerman, Eliezer M. Van Allen
Journal: Nature Genetics (2018)
Abstract P152: Parent-child Associations for Changes in Diet and Physical Activity Across Two Decades in Modernizing China
Authors: Fei Dong, Annie-Green Howard, Amy Herring, Amanda Thompson, Barry Popkin, Bing Zhang, Penny Gordon-Larsen
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: While the household context is important for lifestyle interventions to reduce cardiometabolic disease, few studies have examined parent-child associations for diet and physical activity (PA) changes over time in a rapidly urbanizing country with burgeoning cardiometabolic disease rates. Hypotheses: We tested the hypotheses that although changes in diet and PA are associated in parents and their children, the magnitude of this association will decline over time and changes in these behaviors over time differ in adults versus children. Methods: We studied dietary and PA behaviors in parent-child pairs (children aged 7-17y) using longitudinal data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (survey years: 1991, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, and 2009). Sample size varied at each year and on average there were 1,692 mother-child and 1,594 father-child pairs across all visits. Three-day 24-hour recall diet data were collected to generate percentage of total energy from animal-source foods (ASF), eating away from home, and snacking. Seven day PA recall across domains of PA included screen-based activity hours per week, and metabolic equivalent hours (MET-hrs) per week from commuting and leisure-time sports. Spearman partial correlation was used to test parent-child association, adjusting for child’s age and household sociodemographics. We used the Kruskal-Wallis test to examine differences of these behaviors across years. All models were stratified by child’s sex and parent’s sex. Results: We found statistically significant positive parent-child correlations for all dietary variables (correlation coefficients ranged from 0.49 to 0.89 across all years and all parent-child combinations, p&lt;0.01), with stronger mother-child compared to father-child correlation. Whereas, parent-child associations for PA were weaker in magnitude. Coefficients ranged from 0.1 to 0.34 for screen-based hours, 0.08 to 0.17 for commuting, and 0.07 to 0.16 for leisure-time sports (p&lt;0.05). Associations for commuting and leisure-time sports became non-significant at later years. Children and adults experienced statistically significant increases in the percentage of energy from ASF, eating away from home, and snacking, as well as in screen-based hours over time. Parents experienced a decrease in commuting MET-hrs over two decades (p&lt;0.05), whereas children had minimal change. Leisure-time sports MET-hrs increased in children, and decreased in adults over time (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Parent-child associations were comparatively stronger for diet than for PA. We observed an increase in energy from ASF, eating away from home, and snacking in parents and children over time, increases in PA in children and declines in adults. Our findings support household-based health behavior intervention strategies, particularly around diet-related behaviors.
HIV Viral Suppression Trends Over Time Among HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Care in the United States, 1997 to 2015
Authors: Robin M. Nance, J.A. Chris Delaney, Jane M. Simoni, Ira B. Wilson, Kenneth H. Mayer, Bridget M. Whitney, Frances M. Aunon, Steven A. Safren, Michael J. Mugavero, W. Christopher Mathews, Katerina A. Christopoulos, Joseph J. Eron, Sonia Napravnik, Richard D. Moore, Benigno Rodriguez, Bryan Lau, Rob J. Fredericksen, Michael S. Saag, Mari M. Kitahata, Heidi M. Crane
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Background: Because HIV viral suppression is essential for optimal outcomes and prevention efforts, understanding trends and predictors is imperative to inform public health policy. Objective: To evaluate viral suppression trends in people living with HIV (PLWH), including the relationship of associated factors, such as demographic characteristics and integrase strand transfer inhibitor (ISTI) use. Design: Longitudinal observational cohort study. Setting: 8 HIV clinics across the United States. Participants: PLWH receiving clinical care. Measurements: To understand trends in viral suppression (≤400 copies/mL), annual viral suppression rates from 1997 to 2015 were determined. Analyses were repeated with tests limited to 1 random test per person per year and using inverse probability of censoring weights to address loss to follow-up. Joint longitudinal and survival models and linear mixed models of PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) were used to examine associations between viral suppression or continuous viral load (VL) levels and demographic factors, substance use, adherence, and ISTI use. Results: Viral suppression increased from 32% in 1997 to 86% in 2015 on the basis of all tests among 31 930 PLWH. In adjusted analyses, being older (odds ratio [OR], 0.76 per decade [95% CI, 0.74 to 0.78]) and using an ISTI-based regimen (OR, 0.54 [CI, 0.51 to 0.57]) were associated with lower odds of having a detectable VL, and black race was associated with higher odds (OR, 1.68 [CI, 1.57 to 1.80]) (P < 0.001 for each). Similar patterns were seen with continuous VL levels; when analyses were limited to 2010 to 2015; and with adjustment for adherence, substance use, or depression. Limitation: Results are limited to PLWH receiving clinical care. Conclusion: HIV viral suppression rates have improved dramatically across the United States, which is likely partially attributable to improved ART, including ISTI-based regimens. However, disparities among younger and black PLWH merit attention. Primary Funding Source: National Institutes of Health.
Abstract 18556: Sinus Node-Like Pacemaker Phenotype is the Basis of Ectopic Activity Originating in Atrioventricular Rings
Authors: Sunil Jit R Logantha, Andrew J Atkinson, Sanjay R Kharche, Halina Dobrzynski
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: The atrioventricular (AV) ring surrounding the tricuspid valve orifice is a hotbed of ectopic activity in patients with focal atrial tachycardia. The AV ring shares embryological ance...