tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Paclitaxel and cisplatin in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
Authors: J. Gong, X. Zhang, L. Shen, J. Li, Y. Li, J. Li, X. Zhang, J. Zhou, K. Dong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e14568 Background: To evaluate the response rate, survival, and toxicities of paclitaxel plus cisplatin combination in patients with advanced or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Methods: Patients with definite measurable indices and no prior chemotherapy were enrolled. Patients were treated with paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 by 2-hour infusion on day 1. Treatment was repeated every 21 days. Results: From Jan 2006 to Nov 2010, 133 patients (Male 114, Female 19) were enrolled. The median age was 58 years (range 41-77), median follow-up of 18.3 months, 9 cases losed. Median cycles patients accepted were 3. PFS was 7.3m (95% CI 6.23-8.16) and OS was 12.0m (95% CI:9.99-14.02). Response was evaluated in 108 patients, CR and PR were achieved in 0.9% (1 cases) and 33.3% (36 cases) of patients (RR 34.2%), 58 patients had stable disease, and 12 patients (11.1%) progressed. The disease control rate was 88.0%. The most common grade1/2 toxicities were nausea/vomiting (64.7%), leucopenia (36.1%), neutropenia (32.3%), alopecia (25.6%), neurotoxicity (17.3%), and fatigue (13.5%). Grade3/4 toxicities were neutropenia (10.5%), leucopenia (7.5%), nausea/vomiting (9.8%), hepatic disfuction (1.5%). No treatment-related deaths were recorded in all patients. Conclusions: This was an expansion result of primary phase II study. It further confirmed that paclitaxel plus cisplatin was an effective and well-tolerate treatment for patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
Novel gene expression patterns associated with progression and adverse outcome in high-grade gliomas
Authors: A. Chakravarti, N. Mukherjee, S. Mukherjee, G. Zhai, P. Robe, R. Carroll, J. S. Loeffler, P. M. Black
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

1562 Background: The objective of this study was to identify genes and pathways deregulated within high grade gliomas, specifically with regards to survival, histological grade and pathological features. Previous reports have provided a list of individual genes associated with progression and outcome, the present study extends these findings by identifying larger molecular pathways associated with adverse outcome and glioma progression. Methods: Thirty-five prospectively-collected high-grade glioma specimens [WHO grade III/IV (AA) and IV/IV (GBM), respectively] were “snap frozen” at time of surgical resection under an IRB-approved protocol. Specimens included in this study were found to represent at least 95% tumor. Isolated mRNA was converted to cDNA and subsequently hybridized to HG-U133A arrays (Affymetrix). Classification, prediction, differential expression and co-expression were analyzed using Gene Pattern. Pathway information was analyzed using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Results: We found that GBMs were enriched with pathways related to immune and inflammatory response, as compared to AA. Many of these pathways consist of immune cell surface proteins. AA was enriched with pathways associated with cell growth and survival. The comparison between de novo and progressive GBM resembled that of the GBM versus AA comparison. De novo GBMs were enriched with pathways involved in antigen-specific immune response. The AKT pathway was the highest ranked pathway enriched in the progressive GBM. Further, we have identified specific molecular pathways that are involved in adverse clinical outcome in high-grade gliomas. We also have identified specific molecular pathways that may play a vital role in radiation resistance. Conclusions: It seems as though GBM, especially those which are de novo, display characteristics of stress, immune and inflammatory response. The progressive GBMs and AAs seem to be typified by deregulation of growth and survival pathways, such as AKT and RAS. This may be a result of a general progression or due to different molecular etiology. We will further describe cellular pathways associated with adverse outcome and radiation resistance in high-grade gliomas. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Is greater downstaging achieved if surgery is delayed beyond 8 weeks in patients with locally advanced (LA) rectal cancer?
Authors: Shailesh V. Shrikhande, Bhawna Sirohi, Alok Gupta, Vipul Sheth, Mukta Ramadvar, Mahesh Goel, Ashwin Desouza
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

660 Background: Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy (NACTRT) improves local recurrence rate in LA rectal cancer with no survival benefit. Pathological complete response (pCR) and better tumour regression grade (TRG) is associated with improved outcome. Debate is ongoing as to what is the best time to operate—if greater downstaging can be achieved by a longer interval to surgery and have an impact on sphincter saving surgery rates. In this study, we have correlated the pCR rate and TRG post completion of NACTRT with timing of surgery (TD). Methods: This is a retrospective study of prospective database of patients with LA adenocarcinoma of rectum treated from Jan 2012 to May 2013. 89 pts who completed NACTRT (50Gy/25 fractions with capecitabine 825 mg/m 2 BD) followed by surgical resection were included. For response evaluation patients were divided into two groups, group 1 (TD &lt; 60 days, n=34) and 2 (TD &gt; 60 days, n=55). Results: Of 89 pts (median age 48 y (22-76), 64 M/25F; 16/89 (18%) had signet ring histology) 93% pts underwent R0 resection; 7% R1 resection. Response to NACTRT was CR in 8 pts, PR in 65 (73%) pts and 15 SD, 1 not assessed. Median time from completion of NACTRT to surgery was 64 d (32-141). Median number LN resected were 11 (1-50). Overall, 25 (28%) pts achieved pCR; 6/89 (7%) pts had positive circumferential resection margin. 25 (74%) patients in group 1 compared to 28 (51%) pts in group 2 underwent sphincter preserving surgery (P=0.045). Eight (24%) pts in group 1 and 17 (31%) in group 2 achieved pCR (P=0.479). The median TRG in group 1 was 2.5 and in group 2 was 2 (P=NS). In pts who achieved pCR, median TD was 67 d compared to 63 d in pts who did not achieve pCR. Of the 16 pts with signet histology 4(25%) had pCR compared to 21(29%) in those with non-signet histology (P=NS). Conclusions: We conclude that the timing of surgery is not an important variable post completion of NACTRT and our data suggests that it's possible that earlier surgery may be better for organ conservation. There is no incremental benefit of delaying the surgery though this needs to be confirmed in a prospective randomised trial.
Transcription Factor STAT3 As a Prognostic Marker and Therapeutic Target in Cancer
Authors: David A. Frank
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

Article Tools UNDERSTANDING THE PATHWAY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2013.52.8414 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print November 12, 2013 PMID: 24220556 Transcription Factor STAT3 As a Prognostic Marker and Therapeutic Target in Cancer David A. FrankxDavid A. FrankSearch for articles by this author Show More Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2013.52.8414 Full Text PDF Figures and Tables "Transcription Factor STAT3 As a Prognostic Marker and Therapeutic Target in Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 31(36), pp. 4560–4561© 2013 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Prevalence of colorectal adenoma in patients with multiple gastric adenoma or cancers.
Authors: Jung Wan Choe, Seung Young Kim, Jong Jin Hyun, Sung Woo Jung, Ja Seol Koo, Jong-Jae Park, Hoon Jai Chun, Sang Woo Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

517 Background: It has been reported that patients with single gastric cancer or adenoma are at increased risk of colorectal cancer or adenoma. However, the incidence of colorectal adenoma in patients with multiple gastric neoplasms has not been discussed yet. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the esophagogastroduodenoscopic and colonoscopic findings as well as the clinicopathologic features between October 2012 and July 2014. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the incidence of colorectal adenoma is higher or not in patients with multiple gastric neoplasms than those with a single gastric neoplasm. Results: A total of 164 patients with gastric neoplasm were divided into two groups whether the number of lesions was single or multiple. Among the 138 patients with single gastric neoplasm, 51 patients performed colonoscopy for surveillance study and 9 patients underwent colonoscopy among the 26 patients with multiple gastric neoplasms. Colorectal adenoma were detected in 58.8% (30/51) of the single gastric neoplasm group, and in 88.8% (8/9) of the multiple gastric neoplasms group (p &lt; 0.001). The mean number of colorectal adenomas was significantly higher in the multiple gastric neoplasm group than in the single group. (4.78 vs. 1.94, p = 0.013). The age, sex, BMI, presence of underlying diseases and the degree of gastric dysplasia were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: The prevalence and the number of colorectal adenoma were significantly higher in patients with multiple gastric neoplasms than in those with single gastric neoplasm. Clinical trial information: KUGH14308-001.
Low intensity pulsed ultrasound for bone healing: systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Stefan Schandelmaier, Alka Kaushal, Lyubov Lytvyn, Diane Heels-Ansdell, Reed A C Siemieniuk, Thomas Agoritsas, Gordon H Guyatt, Per O Vandvik, Rachel Couban, Brent Mollon, Jason W Busse
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Objective To determine the efficacy of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) for healing of fracture or osteotomy. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and trial registries up to November 2016. Study selection Randomized controlled trials of LIPUS compared with sham device or no device in patients with any kind of fracture or osteotomy. Review methods Two independent reviewers identified studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. A parallel guideline committee ( BMJ Rapid Recommendation) provided input on the design and interpretation of the systematic review, including selection of outcomes important to patients. The GRADE system was used to assess the quality of evidence. Results 26 randomized controlled trials with a median sample size of 30 (range 8-501) were included. The most trustworthy evidence came from four trials at low risk of bias that included patients with tibia or clavicle fractures. Compared with control, LIPUS did not reduce time to return to work (percentage difference: 2.7% later with LIPUS, 95% confidence interval 7.7% earlier to 14.3% later; moderate certainty) or the number of subsequent operations (risk ratio 0.80, 95% confidence interval 0.55 to 1.16; moderate certainty). For pain, days to weight bearing, and radiographic healing, effects varied substantially among studies. For all three outcomes, trials at low risk of bias failed to show a benefit with LIPUS, while trials at high risk of bias suggested a benefit (interaction P&lt;0.001). When only trials at low risk of bias trials were considered, LIPUS did not reduce days to weight bearing (4.8% later, 4.0% earlier to 14.4% later; high certainty), pain at four to six weeks (mean difference on 0-100 visual analogue scale: 0.93 lower, 2.51 lower to 0.64 higher; high certainty), and days to radiographic healing (1.7% earlier, 11.2% earlier to 8.8% later; moderate certainty). Conclusions Based on moderate to high quality evidence from studies in patients with fresh fracture, LIPUS does not improve outcomes important to patients and probably has no effect on radiographic bone healing. The applicability to other types of fracture or osteotomy is open to debate. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42016050965
A randomized cross-over trial comparing single-agents capecitabine (C) and UFT plus leucovorin (LV) in patients (Pts) with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC): Preliminary data of a patient preference study.
Authors: C. Peugniez, C. Fournier, V. Guerin-Meyer, S. Berger, L. Gasnault, C. Girault, E. Rad, Y. Lam, P. Maes, A. Adenis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

558 Background: Oral fluoropyrimidines such as C and UFT plus LV (U) are widely used pro-drugs dedicated to the care of CRC. Although their toxicity profile may slightly differ, no direct comparison between these treatments has been done as both molecules are converted into fluorouracil. To help the physicians to choose between C and U, we initiated this randomized cross-over trial aimed to assess patient's preference. Methods: Pts with advanced CRC received either a first cycle of C (1,250mg/m 2 x 2/d for 14 days, q3 wks) or a first cycle of U (UFT 300mg/m 2 /d plus LV 75 mg/d in 3 divided doses every 8 hrs for 28 days, repeated at 35-day intervals). Patients were randomized to receive C at cycle 1 followed by U (arm A) or U at cycle 1 followed by C (arm B). After 2 cycles, pts were asked which treatment they preferred. Treatment was then continued with the chosen regimen. Preferences rates are presented with 95% confidence intervals and the two groups are compared with the chi-squared test. Results: 89 pts were enrolled from 10/2005 to 6/2010. Treatment arms were well balanced for baseline characteristics: male 57%; median age 66 years; PS 0-1 81%. Most of the pts were heavily pretreated (0/1/2/ and &gt;2 previous chemotherapy lines: 6/2/15/66). 64 (arm A: 35, arm B: 29)/89 pts received at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy and were evaluable for preference. At cycle 1, 21% and 43% of the pts presented at least 1 severe toxic event with C and U, respectively. Pts with U at cycle 1 presented more likely with severe fatigue and anorexia. There was 1 toxic death under C (gr. 3 diarrhea, gr.4 neutropenia) at cycle 1. Overall, 66% (95%CI: 52-77%) of evaluable pts expressed preference for C, and there was a statistically significant difference between arms A and B (p&lt;0.02) with more pts preferring C in arm A: 79% (95%CI: 61-91%), as compared to arm B: 50% (95%CI: 31-79%). Conclusions: Pts with advanced CRC preferred C over U, especially when given during the first cycle. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Predictive value of IDH1 mutation assessed by immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing in WHO grade 3 oligodendrogliomas.
Authors: J. Frenel, C. Leux, D. Loussouarn, A. Le Loupp, F. Leclair, A. Von Deimling, M. Aumont, S. Martin, M. G. Denis, M. Campone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

2002 Background: Recent studies have shown that IDH1 mutations occur frequently in WHO grade 2 and 3 gliomas. However, their prognostic and predictive impact remains unclear. Methods: Search for IDH1 mutation by mIDH1 R132H immunohistochemistry (IHC) and by DNA sequencing were performed in a series of 43 WHO grade 3 oligodendrogliomas. IHC was performed with mouse monoclonal mIDH1 R132H (gift von Dr von Deimling, Heidelberg, Germany). DNA was extracted from FFPE sections following macrodissection using an iPrep system. A fragment of exon 4 (122 bp) spanning the sequence encoding the catalytic domain of IDH1 including codon 132 was amplified and sequenced using standard conditions. The impact of IDH1 mutations on progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was analyzed. Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 51 years, ratio male/female (28/15) and Karnovsky Performans Status (KPS): [<70] n=3, [70-100] n=40. Diagnosis was obtained by surgical biopsy (n=13, 30%), suboptimal resection (n=20, 47%) and optimal resection (n=10, 23%). IDH1 R132H mutation was identified by IHC in 20/43 (47%) patients and R132G mutation by DNA sequencing in 2 (9%) of the 23 remaining patients. Finally, IDH1 mutation was identified in 22/43 (51%) patients. First-line treatments following surgery were chemotherapy alone (n=5), radiotherapy alone (n=5) and sequential or concomitant radio-chemotherapy (n=33) according to PCV regimen (n=29) or Stupp regimen (n=4). With a median follow up of 19 months (range 1.4-128), median PFS and OS were 22 and 35 months. IDH1 mutation was statistically associated with prolonged PFS and OS in univariate analysis: 1-year PFS rate 100% vs 31%, 3-years PFS rate 86% vs 6%, 1-year OS rate 100% vs 46% and 3-years OS 92% vs 9% for IDH1 mutated patients versus wild type respectively. Median OS was 108 vs 12 months (p=0.00002, Hazard Ratio 0.1 IC95 0-0.3) for IDH1 mutated patients vs wild type respectively. Conclusions: In this treated group of grade 3 oligodendrogliomas, the presence of IDH1 mutation assessed by IHC and DNA sequencing is found to carry a very strong predictive impact on PFS and OS.
Comparison of beliefs of lung cancer providers and minority patients.
Authors: C. B. Smith, N. Bickell, E. Halm, A. R. Berman, C. A. Powell, J. Salazar-Schicchi, J. E. Nelson, J. P. Wisnivesky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

6077 Background: Providers have a critical role in addressing lung cancer disparities in care. Mismatch in attitudes and beliefs between patient and providers can be a barrier to appropriate patient-provider communication and may contribute to disparities in care. In this study, we evaluated beliefs and attitudes about lung cancer and its treatment among patients with lung cancer and their providers. Methods: We administered a questionnaire to lung cancer patients and their physicians at 5 medical centers in New York City. The questionnaire asked about physicians’ and patients’ views with respect to treatment beliefs and preferences of minority and non-minority lung cancer patients. Results: Our cohort included 155 physicians (49% male; 53% White, 4% Black, 14% Hispanic) and 323 patients (46% male; 55% White, 21% Black, 19% Hispanic). Providers reported minority patients had greater views of fatalism (4% White, 28% Hispanic, 31% Black), which was consistent with minority patients who had even greater fatalistic beliefs (37% White, 69% Hispanic, 78% Black; p <0.0001). Providers reported that Hispanic and black patients are less likely to accept surgery when compared to white patients (19%, 28%, and 5%, respectively). However, minority patients were just as likely as whites to accept surgery (80% Hispanic, 77% Black, 82% White; p <0.0001). Similarly, providers considered that minorities were more likely to prefer their family making treatment decisions and discussing prognosis (65% Hispanic, 38% Black). However, the majority of minority patients wanted to be included in these discussions (96% Hispanic, 98% Black; p<0.007). Finally, providers reported that minorities are less receptive to a DNR directive or palliative care referral. While minority patients reported being less likely to want a DNR order, minority patients were just as likely as white patients to want to a palliative care referral. Conclusions: There are significant differences among providers and patients regarding minority preferences and beliefs about lung cancer care. Understanding the influence and relative importance of these factors is an important step towards developing interventions to improve outcomes of minority patients with lung cancer.
Tegafur-uracil as palliative chemotherapy in refractory locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer: A Brazilian single center experience
Authors: C. M. Beato, G. V. Ismael, A. L. Coradazzi, A. V. Cantarelli, A. C. S. Andrade, C. R. Passeri, A. A. Prado, J. G. M. Segalla
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4243 Background: For patients with locally advanced gastric cancer that appears unresectable for cure, several treatments options seem to have a favorable impact on disease control and survival. In the setting of metastatic disease, many active chemotherapy agents can produce meaningful responses, but the duration of response is often limited. Oral agents, as tegafur-uracil, could demonstrate both a survival and quality of life benefit. The aim of this study is to assess response rate (RR), time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS) and toxicity of tegafur-uracil as second line chemotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer in our Institution. Methods: We studied retrospectively 55 patients with locally advanced or metastatic gastric and cancer in our Institution from January 2000 to January 2004. Patients were treated with differents lines regimens of palliative chemotherapy and, after progression, submitted to tegafur-uracil treatment (300 mg/d day 1–21, cycles each 28 days). Treatment was maintained until progression or unexpected toxicity. Results: From the population, 42 were male patients and 13 were female patients. A total of 25 patients presented locally advanced disease and 30 patients presented metastatic disease (sites of metastasis). Sixty nine percent of the patients received one line of chemotherapy before tegafur-uracil, and 20% received two or more previous lines of treatment. The number of cycles of tegafur-uracil were superior to 3 in 70% of the cases, and 27.3% of the patients received more than 7 cycles. The overall clinical response was 47.3% (23 patients having partial response/stable disease), with 32 patients having progression of disease. Median TTP was 3.2 months. Median OS was 14.6 months. No grade 4 toxicity or death related to treatment were observed. Conclusions: Tegafur-uracil is a feasible agent in refractory locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer, with interesting responses and manageable safety profile. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
An electronic prompt to improve hepatitis B virus screening prior to cancer treatment.
Authors: Lisa K. Hicks, Jordan J. Feld, Joshua Juan, Judy Truong, Urszula Zurawska, Angie Giotis, Kelvin K. Chan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

169 Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is a potentially fatal complication of cancer therapy that is almost entirely preventable. Despite this, HBV screening rates remain low at many centers. We evaluated the effectiveness of an electronic prompt on HBV screening rates and compared this strategy with education alone. Methods: An education session on HBV reactivation was delivered to all oncology staff at two large, academic oncology centers in the fall of 2010. At one center (study center) an electronic prompt was also introduced. The electronic prompt reminded physicians to screen for HBV when booking a new patient’s first chemotherapy and automatically trigged an electronic order for HBsAg if the physician assented. The prompt was not implemented at the second (control) center. The primary endpoint was the rate of HBV screening. Actual HBV screening rates were determined in both centers for 10 months prior to and for 12 months following the interventions. HBV screening rates were assessed and compared with process control charts (p-charts); 3-sigma limits were employed to define special cause variation. Results: 6,116 new patients received their first chemotherapy during the study period (2,095 study center; 4,021 control center). In the pre-prompt period, the screening rate was stable at 16% at the study center and 25% in the control center. In the prompt period, the screening rate increased to 62% at the study center and was unchanged at 25% in the control center. Special cause variation suggesting a non-random improvement in HBV screening rate was detected at the Study Center two months after the introduction of the electronic prompt. Conclusions: An electronic prompt increased the rate of HBV screening, however screening rates remained relatively low. Education sessions did not appear to improve the HBV screening rate.
Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) Is Overexpressed in Primary and Cultured Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) Cells: Role of Therapeutic Targeting Using the Small Molecule Inhibitor 17-AAG.
Authors: Georgios V. Georgakis, Yang Li, George Z. Rassidakis, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, Anas Younes
Journal: Blood (2005)