tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Saadi Hussain Al-Roumani Edward Ambrose Cresswell Charles Hardinge Going Nicholas Jaswon Derek Clifford Lamb John Taylor Smith
Authors: R. Roomi, D. Hallam, J J Going, M. Jaswon, A. Jaleel, J. M Watson
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Physician Manchester and the Midlands 1993-9 (b Baghdad 1944; q Baghdad 1969; MRCP), died from a postoperative catastrophe five weeks after the removal of a cerebral artery aneurysm on 19 April 1999.He was a consultant physician in Baghdad from 1979 to 1993, but like many doctors he reluctantly left Iraq after the Gulf war, which led to severe shortages of medical supplies.The United Kingdom was a second home-he had acquired the MRCP in 1978-but he had to put reality before pride and bread before titles, and he worked as a registrar in medicine in Manchester followed by resident medical officer posts in private hospitals.He leaves a wife and three children.[Riad Roomi]
Biomarkers of chronic inflammation in disease development and prevention: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Christina H Liu, Natalie D Abrams, Danielle M Carrick, Preethi Chander, Johanna Dwyer, Michelle R J Hamlet, Francesca Macchiarini, Mercy PrabhuDas, Grace L Shen, Pushpa Tandon, Merriline M Vedamony
Journal: Nature Immunology (2017)
Viajeros que regresan a Suecia como centinelas para comparar la incidencia de enfermedades en otros países europeos - el ejemplo de las infecciones por Campylobacter y Giardia
Authors: K Ekdahl, J Giesecke
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

Es dificil obtener datos comparables sobre la incidencia de enfermedades entre paises. Por eso, comparamos el riesgo de infeccion para suecos que viajan a otros paises europeos. Como numerador, tomamos el numero de casos importados de infecciones por Campylobacter y Giardia en la base de datos nacional sueca de vigilancia, y como denominador, el numero de personas que viajan a cada pais segun una base de datos comercial sobre viajes al extranjero. Tambien se comparo el riesgo de infeccion en los turistas con los datos de incidencia nacional para una seleccion de paises. 
Durante el periodo de siete anos de 1997 a 2003, se diagnosticaron 14.829 infecciones por Campylobacter y 1.112 por Giardia en suecos que regresaban de un pais europeo. En la base de datos de viajes se encuentra informacion sobre 14.519 viajes de mas de una noche a uno de esos paises en el mismo periodo. El riesgo de infecciones por Campylobacter era de mas de 100 por 100.000 para viajeros a Portugal y Turquia, pero solo 1 para Finlandia. El mayor riesgo de giardiasis fue en Rusia (50 por 100.000). Parece bastante importante la sub-notificacion de infecciones por Campylobacter en muchos paises europeos. 
En conclusion, el riesgo de infeccion por Campylobacter y Giardia varia un factor 100 segun el pais de Europa. El considerar los turistas que vuelven a Suecia como una poblacion centinela constituye una herramienta util para la estimacion de esas variaciones. Hay diferencias importantes -e inexplicadas- entre el riesgo para los viajeros y los datos de incidencia nacional.
TCT-762 The BioMimics 3DTM Stent System in the Femoropopliteal Arteries of Patients with Symptomatic Peripheral Arterial Disease: Clinical and Angiographic Performance in the MIMICS-2 Study
Authors: Georgios Bouras, Timothy Sullivan, Thomas Zeller, Masato Nakamura, Ecaterina Cristea, Zhao Xin, Alexandra Lansky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Clinical and Immunologic Biomarkers for Histologic Regression of High-Grade Cervical Dysplasia and Clearance of HPV16 and HPV18 after Immunotherapy
Authors: Matthew P. Morrow, Kimberly A. Kraynyak, Albert J. Sylvester, Michael Dallas, Dawson Knoblock, Jean D. Boyer, Jian Yan, Russell Vang, Amir S. Khan, Laurent Humeau, Niranjan Y. Sardesai, J. Joseph Kim, Stanley Plotkin, David B. Weiner, Cornelia L. Trimble, Mark L. Bagarazzi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2017)

Purpose: As previously reported, treatment of high-grade cervical dysplasia with VGX-3100 resulted in complete histopathologic regression (CR) concomitant with elimination of HPV16/18 infection in 40.0% of VGX-3100-treated patients compared with only 14.3% in placebo recipients in a randomized phase IIb study. Here, we identify clinical and immunologic characteristics that either predicted or correlated with therapeutic benefit from VGX-3100 to identify parameters that might guide clinical decision-making for this disease.Experimental Design: We analyzed samples taken from cervical swabs, whole blood, and tissue biopsies/resections to determine correlates and predictors of treatment success.Results: At study entry, the presence of preexisting immunosuppressive factors such as FoxP3 and PD-L1 in cervical lesions showed no association with treatment outcome. The combination of HPV typing and cervical cytology following dosing was predictive for both histologic regression and elimination of detectable virus at the efficacy assessment 22 weeks later (negative predictive value 94%). Patients treated with VGX-3100 who had lesion regression had a statistically significant >2-fold increase in CD137+perforin+CD8+ T cells specific for the HPV genotype causing disease. Increases in cervical mucosal CD137+ and CD103+ infiltrates were observed only in treated patients. Perforin+ cell infiltrates were significantly increased >2-fold in cervical tissue only in treated patients who had histologic CR.Conclusions: Quantitative measures associated with an effector immune response to VGX-3100 antigens were associated with lesion regression. Consequently, these analyses indicate that certain immunologic responses associate with successful resolution of HPV-induced premalignancy, with particular emphasis on the upregulation of perforin in the immunotherapy-induced immune response. Clin Cancer Res; 24(2); 276-94. ©2017 AACR.
University College Dublin: Integrating sports and exercise related sciences with physiotherapy in a Masters of Sports Physiotherapy (continuing professional development series)
Authors: Adam G Culvenor
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland

Master of Science (MSc) in Sports Physiotherapy

A Masters in Sports Physiotherapy provides physiotherapists with a recognised postgraduate qualification and mastery of foundation concepts and skills that are becoming increasingly important factors facilitating employability and mobility in sports and exercise medicine internationally. Such specialised knowledge and clinical skills enable the development of new and clearer frameworks for clinical, managerial and intellectual thinking and understanding, and is the definitive professional recognition of clinical expertise.1

The MSc in Sports Physiotherapy is aimed at Irish and international physiotherapists with at least 2 years of clinical experience wishing to develop a specialised career in sports and exercise-related physiotherapy (table 1). The programme is the longest running sports physiotherapy MSc in Ireland with a continuous student intake since 2003. The programme is directed by Dr Ulrik McCarthy Persson who has worked …
Mudanças notáveis na epidemiologia dos lisotipos de Salmonella enterica serotipo Enteritidis na Europa occidental de 1998 a 2003 – os resultados da base de dados internacional Enter-net sobre salmonellas
Authors: I. S.T. Fisher
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

Na Europa occidental, Salmonella enterica serotipo Enteritidis e o serotipo de salmonela mais frequentemente identificado pelos laboratorios nacionais de referencia de Enter-net. Por isso, resulta primordial realisar um lisotipado para detectar e confirmar as epidemias e as tendencias das infeccoes. Seguindo os dados da base de Enter-net sobre salmonellas, tem-se observado uma mudanca muito importante nos lisotipos identificados na Europa entre 1998 e 2003. Em 1998, o lisotipo PT4 era o mais frequentemente identificado nos humanos (61,8%, 21.630 casos). Em 2003, a proporcao de PT4 passou a ser de 32,1% (8 794 casos), em quando outros estirpes aumentavam em numero absoluto e em proporcao. Este artigo identifica os estirpes emergentes que estao adquirindo mais importancia em termos de saude publica.
Early metastasis detected in patients with multifocal pulmonary ground-glass opacities (GGOs)
Authors: Ruoyan Li, Xiao Li, Ruidong Xue, Fan Yang, Shaodong Wang, Yanmeng Li, Danhua Shen, Kunkun Sun, Kezhong Chen, Wenhan Weng, Fan Bai, Jun Wang
Journal: Thorax (2017)

Due to the prevalence of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening, the detection rate of lung cancer presenting as multiple ground-glass opacities (GGOs) is increasing. In statements from the Fleischner Society and the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) Staging and Prognostic Factors Committee, GGOs are considered as multiple primary lung cancers and at the early stage of tumorigenesis.1 2 Accumulating evidence supports the notion that metastasis in human cancer can occur at an early stage of disease progression. Whether multiple GGOs may represent intrapulmonary metastases remains unclear. In two patients with multiple GGOs, we found that two of the multiple GGOs in each patient shared somatic mutations based on exome sequencing, indicative of intrapulmonary metastasis. This finding, for the first time to our knowledge, shows that metastasis can occur among GGOs, even pure GGOs.

The two patients (P1 and P2) were both non-smokers. Detailed clinicopathological characteristics are summarised in (figure 1A). P1 was a 62-year-old woman who presented with nine GGOs including two in the right middle lobe (RML), three in the right lower lobe (RLL), three in the left upper lobe (LUL) and one in the left lower lobe (LLL) (figure 1B). She underwent RLL lobectomy and RML wedge resection in January 2015. The five resected nodules were all diagnosed as lung adenocarcinomas. Four months later she underwent LUL and LLL wedge resections. Three of the four resected nodules were diagnosed as lung adenocarcinomas. All eight malignant lesions were pathological T1–T2 tumours without lymphovascular invasion (online supplementary figure 1). No lymph node metastasis was detected. P2 was a 44-year-old woman who presented with eight GGOs including six in the right upper lobe (RUL) and two in the LUL (figure 1C). Radiologically, all of the eight lesions were pure GGOs <15 mm (range 4–14 mm). She only underwent …
Removal of large colorectal lesions resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection using a laparoscopic bag
Authors: Jérémie Jacques, Abdelkader Taibi, Aurelie Charrissoux, Mathieu Pioche, Paul Carrier, Benoit Chaput, Romain Legros
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become the standard of care for large superficial colorectal neoplasms, and allows en bloc resection of very large lesions [1].
Pre-discharge and early post-discharge troponin elevation among patients hospitalized for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: findings from the ASTRONAUT trial
Authors: Stephen J. Greene, Javed Butler, Gregg C. Fonarow, Haris P. Subacius, Andrew P. Ambrosy, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Marco Triggiani, Scott D. Solomon, Eldrin F. Lewis, Aldo P. Maggioni, Michael Böhm, Ovidiu Chioncel, Savina Nodari, Michele Senni, Faiez Zannad, Mihai Gheorghiade
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2017)
Serrated polyposis syndrome may go undiagnosed even in structured colorectal cancer screening programmes performed by endoscopists with otherwise good quality indices
Authors: Christoph Schramm, Katharina Janhsen, Münevver Demir, Dirk Nierhoff, Tobias Goeser, Hans Michael Steffen
Journal: Gut (2017)

We have read the article by Ijspeert et al with great interest as it comprises the largest series of colonoscopies concerning the serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) published so far.1 SPS is characterised by multiple serrated polyps (SP) throughout the colon and it is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC).2 A 5-year cumulative incidence of CRC during surveillance after clearing of all relevant polyps of 1.5% has been reported.2 Recently published guidelines recommend resection of all clinically relevant lesions and starting annual colonoscopy surveillance thereafter.3 Therefore, early recognition and treatment of SPS is important to achieve low long-term risk of CRC.4 

We retrospectively analysed 4161 primary screening colonoscopies of average-risk individuals aged ≥50 years performed by 15 different experienced gastroenterologists (≥300 colonoscopies of all indications per year during the …
Safety and Efficacy of Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients With Medication-Refractory, Tremor-Dominant Parkinson Disease
Authors: Aaron E. Bond, Binit B. Shah, Diane S. Huss, Robert F. Dallapiazza, Amy Warren, Madaline B. Harrison, Scott A. Sperling, Xin-Qun Wang, Ryder Gwinn, Jennie Witt, Susie Ro, W. Jeffrey Elias
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2017)

<h3>Importance</h3> Clinical trials have confirmed the efficacy of focused ultrasound (FUS) thalamotomy in essential tremor, but its effectiveness and safety for managing tremor-dominant Parkinson disease (TDPD) is unknown. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess safety and efficacy at 12-month follow-up, accounting for placebo response, of unilateral FUS thalamotomy for patients with TDPD. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Of the 326 patients identified from an in-house database, 53 patients consented to be screened. Twenty-six were ineligible, and 27 were randomized (2:1) to FUS thalamotomy or a sham procedure at 2 centers from October18, 2012, to January 8, 2015. The most common reasons for disqualification were withdrawal (8 persons [31%]), and not being medication refractory (8 persons [31%]). Data were analyzed using intention-to-treat analysis, and assessments were double-blinded through the primary outcome. <h3>Interventions</h3> Twenty patients were randomized to unilateral FUS thalamotomy, and 7 to sham procedure. The sham group was offered open-label treatment after unblinding. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The predefined primary outcomes were safety and difference in improvement between groups at 3 months in the on-medication treated hand tremor subscore from the Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor (CRST). Secondary outcomes included descriptive results of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores and quality of life measures. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 27 patients, 26 (96%) were male and the median age was 67.8 years (interquartile range [IQR], 62.1-73.8 years). On-medication median tremor scores improved 62% (IQR, 22%-79%) from a baseline of 17 points (IQR, 10.5-27.5) following FUS thalamotomy and 22% (IQR, −11% to 29%) from a baseline of 23 points (IQR, 14.0-27.0) after sham procedures; the between-group difference was significant (Wilcoxon<i>P</i> = .04). On-medication median UPDRS motor scores improved 8 points (IQR, 0.5-11.0) from a baseline of 23 points (IQR, 15.5-34.0) following FUS thalamotomy and 1 point (IQR, −5.0 to 9.0) from a baseline of 25 points (IQR, 15.0-33.0) after sham procedures. Early in the study, heating of the internal capsule resulted in 2 cases (8%) of mild hemiparesis, which improved and prompted monitoring of an additional axis during magnetic resonance thermometry. Other persistent adverse events were orofacial paresthesia (4 events [20%]), finger paresthesia (1 event [5%]), and ataxia (1 event [5%]). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Focused ultrasound thalamotomy for patients with TDPD demonstrated improvements in medication-refractory tremor by CRST assessments, even in the setting of a placebo response. <h3>Trial Registration</h3> ClinicalTrials.gov identifierNCT01772693
Treatment of Localized Prostatic Carcinoma Using the Transrectal Ultrasound Guided Transperineal Implantation Technique
Authors: P.L.M. Vijverberg, K.H. Kurth, L.E.C.M. Blank, N.F. Dabhoiwala, T.H.M. de Reijke, K. Koedooder
Journal: European Urology (1992)
Association of Anti–Factor Xa–Guided Dosing of Enoxaparin With Venous Thromboembolism After Trauma
Authors: Charles A. Karcutskie, Arjuna Dharmaraja, Jaimin Patel, Sarah A. Eidelson, Anish B. Padiadpu, Arch G. Martin, Gabriel Lama, Edward B. Lineen, Nicholas Namias, Carl I. Schulman, Kenneth G. Proctor
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

<h3>Importance</h3> The efficacy of anti–factor Xa (anti-Xa)–guided dosing of thromboprophylaxis after trauma remains controversial. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess whether dosing of enoxaparin sodium based on peak anti-Xa levels is associated with the venous thromboembolism (VTE) rate after trauma. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Retrospective review of 950 consecutive adults admitted to a single level I trauma intensive care unit for more than 48 hours from December 1, 2014, through March 31, 2017. Within 24 hours of admission, these trauma patients were screened with the Greenfield Risk Assessment Profile (RAP) (possible score range, 0-46). Patients younger than 18 years and those with VTE on admission were excluded, resulting in a study population of 792 patients. <h3>Exposures</h3> The control group received fixed doses of either heparin sodium, 5000 U 3 times a day, or enoxaparin sodium, 30 mg twice a day. The adjustment cohort initially received enoxaparin sodium, 30 mg twice a day. A peak anti-Xa level was drawn 4 hours after the third dose. If the anti-Xa level was 0.2 IU/mL or higher, no adjustment was made. If the anti-Xa level was less than 0.2 IU/mL, each dose was increased by 10 mg. The process was repeated up to a maximum dose of 60 mg twice a day. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Rates of VTE were measured. Venous duplex ultrasonography and computed tomographic angiography were used for diagnosis. <h3>Results</h3> The study population comprised 792 patients with a mean (SD) age of 46 (19) years and was composed of 598 men (75.5%). The control group comprised 570 patients, was older, and had a longer time to thromboprophylaxis initiation. The adjustment group consisted of 222 patients, was more severely injured, and had a longer hospital length of stay. The mean (SD) RAP scores were 9 (4) for the control group and 9 (5) for the adjustment group (<i>P</i> = .28). The VTE rates were similar for both groups (34 patients [6.0%] vs 15 [6.8%];<i>P</i> = .68). Prophylactic anti-Xa levels were reached in 119 patients (53.6%) in the adjustment group. No difference in VTE rates was observed between those who became prophylactic and those who did not (7 patients [5.9%] vs 8 [7.8%];<i>P</i> = .58). To control for confounders, 132 patients receiving standard fixed-dose enoxaparin were propensity matched to 84 patients receiving dose-adjusted enoxaparin. The VTE rates remained similar between the control and adjustment groups (3 patients [2.3%] vs 3 [3.6%];<i>P</i> = .57). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Rates of VTE were not reduced with anti-Xa–guided dosing, and almost half of the patients never reached prophylactic anti-Xa levels; achieving those levels did not decrease VTE rates. Thus, other targets, such as platelets, may be necessary to optimize thromboprophylaxis after trauma.
Reply to Westerveld et al. and Schembri et al.
Authors: Sebastian Zeki, Joanne Ooi, Patrick Wilson, Giles Walker, Paul Blaker, Sabina DeMartino, John O’Donohue, David Reffitt, Effie Lanaspre, Fuju Chang, John Meenan, Jason Dunn
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

We thank the contributors for their insightful comments. It is reassuring that both contributors have agreed with our findings that endoscopy performed by those trained in Barrett’s surveillance results in better dysplasia detection rates (DDRs). As Westerveld et al. mention, the study design limits the further quantification of the contribution made by components of a specialist Barrett’s endoscopy list. Assessment of the variables involved in the increased DDR was not the intention of this paper and will hopefully be the subject of future research.
Targeted Metabolomic Profiling of Plasma and Survival in Heart Failure Patients
Authors: David E Lanfear, Joseph J Gibbs, Jia Li, Ruicong She, Christopher Petucci, Jeffrey A Culver, W H Wilson Tang, Yigal M Pinto, L Keoki Williams, Hani N Sabbah, Stephen J Gardell
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2017)
Substance P-modified human serum albumin nanoparticles loaded with paclitaxel for targeted therapy of glioma
Authors: Chunhui Ruan, Lisha Liu, Yifei Lu, Yu Zhang, Xi He, Xinli Chen, Yujie Zhang, Qinjun Chen, Qin Guo, Tao Sun, Chen Jiang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2017)

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) and the poor ability of many drugs to cross that barrier greatly limits the efficacy of chemotherapies for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The present study exploits albumin as drug delivery vehicle to promote the chemotherapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel (PTX) by improving the stability and targeting efficiency of PTX/albumin nanoparticles (NPs). Here we characterize PTX-loaded human serum albumin (HSA) NPs stabilized with intramolecular disulfide bonds and modified with substance P (SP) peptide as the targeting ligand. The fabricated SP-HSA-PTX NPs exhibited satisfactory drug-loading content (7.89%) and entrapment efficiency (85.7%) with a spherical structure (about 150 nm) and zeta potential of −12.0 mV. The in vitro drug release from SP-HSA-PTX NPs occurred in a redox-responsive manner. Due to the targeting effect of the SP peptide, cellular uptake of SP-HSA-PTX NPs into brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) and U87 cells was greatly improved. The low IC50, prolonged survival period and the obvious pro-apoptotic effect shown by TUNEL analysis all demonstrated that the fabricated SP-HSA-PTX NPs showed a satisfactory anti-tumor effect and could serve as a novel strategy for GBM treatment.
Abstract 16023: Bystander CPR is Clustered and Associated With Socioeconomic Characteristics: A Geospatial Analysis of Kent County, Michigan
Authors: Amy Uber, Rick C Sadler, Todd Chassee, Joshua C Reynolds
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction:  Geographic clustering of bystander CPR (bCPR) has been demonstrated in several US cities. Some have also found an association between bCPR and socioeconomic characteristics of communities in which OHCA occurred. We linked geocoded OHCA cases to census data in order to identify community socioeconomic features associated with bCPR.   Hypothesis:  Bystander CPR is geographically clustered in Kent County, and is associated with socioeconomic features of the surrounding community.   Methods:  Retrospective, observational, population-based, cohort study using the CARES dataset for Kent County, Michigan. We included adult, non-traumatic, EMS-treated OHCA from 2010-2015, excluding cases with on-site medical care. EMS dispatch addresses and case features were geocoded using ArcGIS software to create a population-adjusted density map of OHCA annual incidence. Moran’s I test assessed for spatial autocorrelation and clustering of OHCA cases, and Getis-Ord Gi tested for ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ spots of bCPR. American Community Survey Data was overlaid to link community features to each incidence of cardiac arrest. Aggregate characteristics of communities in which bCPR occurred were compared to those without bCPR using t-test or chi-square tests.   Results:  Of 1,592 subjects, 1,486 met inclusion criteria (59.8±19.2 years; 63% male; 16% public location; 46% witnessed; 39% bCPR; 24% shockable rhythm; 10% AED shock). OHCA clusters in central Grand Rapids and southern suburbs. Central Grand Rapids and southern suburbs were less likely to receive bCPR (99% confidence), whereas eastern and northeastern suburbs were more likely to receive bCPR (99% confidence). Aggregate socioeconomic data for communities with OHCA are in the Table.   Conclusion:  OHCA and bCPR are geographically clustered within Kent County. bCPR is associated with community socioeconomic features. Identifying these communities affords opportunity for targeted public health initiatives.