tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ONE-YEAR FOLLOW-UP PROSPECTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF INJURY TYPES IN THE KOREA LADIES PROFESSIONAL GOLFERS, 2015 SEASON
Authors: Young Jae Cho, Young Moo Na, Hee Seong Jung, Sae Yong Lee
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background There are limited numbers of prospective epidemiological study regarding injuries of women professional golfers in Korea. Objective To analyse types of injury of women golf player in different tour levels (ie, Division I, II and III tour). Design Prospective epidemiological study. Setting The Yonsei Institute of Sports Science and Exercise Medicine Injury Surveillance System (YISSEM ISS) questionnaire survey was used to collect epidemiological data of Korean Women professional golfer. Division I, II and III tour golfers were participated in this study. Patients (or Participants) A total of 388 professional golfers who participated in the 2015 KLPGA tour. Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors) Injuries sustained as a professional golfer. Main Outcome Measurements Main outcomes related golf injuries were golfers' injury rate sustained during the year, time of injury, body part injured, type of injury. Frequency and Chi-square analysis was used to evaluate rate of golf-related injury. Results The injury rate was greater in division I tour (79.4%) than II (68.1%) and III (72.1%) tour. The golfer were most likely to injured both in-season and preseason (51.4%) followed by solely in-season (44%), and solely preseason (4.6%). The most common injured body part was the wrist/forearm/elbow (I:23%, II:26%, III:27%), closely followed by the low back (I:22%, II:23%, III:23%), and shoulder/upper arm (I:21%, II:19%, III:21%). The type of the most common injury was the tendinitis or inflammation (I:35%, II:37%, III:37%), followed by the ligament sprain (I:22%, II:21%, III:23%), and muscle-tendon strain (I:19%, II:19%, III:14%). Conclusions The injuries in golf are most likely sustained in the wrist/forearm/elbow and low back region during swing. Injury types of KLPGA golfer were not significantly associated with tour levels. Analysis of golf injury during multiple years may provide better information to prevent injury.
Bright AIE Nanoparticles with F127 Encapsulation for Deep‐Tissue Three‐Photon Intravital Brain Angiography
Authors: Yalun Wang, Xiao Han, Wang Xi, Jinyu Li, Anna Wang Roe, Ping Lu, Jun Qian
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Deep-tissue imaging is of great significance to biological applications. In this paper, a deep-red emissive luminogen 2,3-bis(4'-(diphenylamino)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl) fumaronitrile (TPATCN) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) feature is prepared. TPATCN molecules were then encapsulated within a polymeric matrix of Pluronic F-127 to form nanoparticles (NPs). TPATCN NPs exhibit bright three-photon fluorescence (3PF) in deep-red region, together with high chemical stability, good photostability, and biocompatibility. They are further utilized for in vivo 3PF imaging of the brain vasculature of mice, under the excitation of a 1550 nm femtosecond laser. A vivid 3D reconstruction of the brain vasculature is then built with a penetration depth of 875 µm, which is the largest in ever reported 3PF imaging based on AIE NPs. After that, by collecting both of the 3PF and third-harmonic generation signals, multichannel nonlinear optical imaging of the brain blood vessels is further realized. These results will be helpful to study the structures and functions of the brain in the future.
Inhibiting oestrogen signalling in pulmonary arterial hypertension: sex, drugs and research
Authors: Tim Lahm, Steven M. Kawut
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a sexually dimorphic disease that affects women more than men. Several pre-clinical and clinical studies identified 17β-oestradiol (E2), the most abundant female sex hormone, and/or its metabolite 16α-hydroxyoestrone as disease mediators in PAH (reviewed by Lahm et al. [1], and Foderaro and Venteuolo [2]). A recent case–control study even demonstrated significantly higher levels of E2 in men with PAH compared to controls [3]. Inhibition of oestrogen signalling in PAH is currently being studied clinically but several questions remain <http://ow.ly/G7xK30cPN5M>
02.06 Ccr6 modulates severity of arthritis in T cell dependent manner
Authors: Michael Bonelli, Antonia Puchner, Lisa Goeschl, Sylvia Hayer, Birgit Niederreiter, Josef S Smolen, Clemens Scheinecker, Stephan Blueml
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Backgrounds and objectives</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, driven by the infiltration of various cell types. Evidence suggests that chemokines are involved in a variety of immunological and inflammatory responses. Increased production of MIP-3-α and accumulation of CCR6 expressing mononuclear cells could be found in joints of RA patients. CCR6 is also expressed in human osteoblasts. However, CCR6 expression has also been reported in CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, in particular regulatory as well as Th17 cells. Recent data suggest that CD25<sup>-</sup>Foxp3<sup>+</sup> T cells express CCR6 and have osteoclastogenic potential. Therefore we investigated which CCR6 expressing cell type is involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis using different arthritis models. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Clinical as well as histological signs of arthritis were investigated in the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), K/BxN serum transfer arthritis and in the human tumour necrosis factor (hTNFtg) arthritis model, comparing <i>wt</i> and <i>CCR6-/-</i> mice. We analysed the phenotype of lymph node cells by flow cytometry and cytokine concentrations in serum. Anti-collagen antibodies and cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. <h3>Results</h3> Since CCR6 is an important component of the innate immune system we compared the development of arthritis in <i>CCR6-/-</i> mice in 2 different arthritis models, known to be T cell independent. Contrary to expectations, no difference could be detected in clinical signs of inflammation as well as in joint histomorphology. In line with this, we could not see differences in bone density between <i>wt</i> and <i>CCR6-/-</i> mice. To investigate the role of CCR6 as part of the adaptive immune system in the development of arthritis we induced CIA in <i>wt</i> and <i>CCR6-/-</i> mice. Surprisingly <i>CCR6-/-</i> mice were completely protected from arthritis. Analyses of different T cell subsets by flow cytomtry revealed a significant reduction of CD25<sup>-</sup>Foxp3<sup>+</sup> cells. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data suggest that CCR6 expression on T cells is a major driver of arthritis and confirm the pathologic importance of CCR6 expression in T cells. CCR6 as part of the adaptive immune system outcompetes its importance as part of the innate immune system.
Abstract 348: Dietary Quercetin Prevents Warfarin-Induced Vascular Calcification in Rats
Authors: Maria Nurminskaya, Derek Banyard, Dmitry Nurminsky, Mikhail Konoplyannikov, Kelly Beazley
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

Medial arterial calcification contributes to the development of isolated systolic hypertension, the most frequent type of blood pressure elevation in the elderly; complicates a variety of prevalent disorders such as diabetes and renal disease; and can develop in response to warfarin - the staple in anticoagulant therapy to millions of people. Our in vitro studies have shown that the bioflavonoid quercetin effectively prevents warfarin-induced vascular calcification in VSMCs and identified b-catenin signaling as a specific target of this effect. Here, we have tested in vivo the association of b-catenin signaling with warfarin-induced calcification and the efficacy of quercetin in preventing warfarin-induced aortic calcium accrual. Vitamin K-warfarin treatment was used for 4 weeks to induce arterial calcification in male rats. Molecular analysis demonstrates activation of b-catenin signaling in the calcified areas and osteoblast-like transformation in vascular cells. Dietary quercetin (10 mg/kg body weight) (Quercegen Pharma, Newton, MA) efficiently prevents warfarin-induced calcification (3.04+/-0.45 ug Ca in vitamin K-warfarin animals vs 0.77+/-0.08 ug Ca in quercetin supplementation per mg dry arterial tissue (n=5; p&lt;0.05). In parallel, quercetin inhibits b-catenin signaling and phenotypic transformation in vascular smooth muscle analyzed by expression of transcription factor Runx2, collagen type I and osteocalcin. Further, quercetin diet enhances expression of VSMC markers smooth muscle actin, myosin heavy chain, sm22a and calponin, suggesting a stabilized smooth muscle phenotype of these cells. No toxic or systemic effects of quercetin treatment were observed, identifying this bioflavonoid as a putative therapeutic for vascular calcification.
AGI-134, a fully synthetic α-Gal-based cancer immunotherapy: Synergy with an anti-PD-1 antibody and pre-clinical pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiles.
Authors: Sascha A. Kristian, Stephen M. Shaw, Kim Wigglesworth, Jenny Middleton, Melanie S. Glossop, Giles Francis Whalen, Robert Old, Uri Galili, Mike Westby, Chris Pickford
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

3083 Background: Unlike virtually all non-primate mammals, humans lack α-Gal (Gal-α-1,3-Gal-β-1,4-GlcNAc) epitopes and produce antibodies against α-Gal-positive antigens. Anti-α-Gal (anti-Gal) antibodies are among the most abundant antibodies in humans and responsible for hyper-acute rejection of α-Gal-positive xenotransplants. Studies using rabbit-derived α-Gal glycolipids provided a preclinical proof of principle for α-Gal glycolipids as cancer immunotherapy, inducing a CD8+ T cell response to tumor associated antigens (TAAs) that correlated with protection from distal tumor growth in mice. In the current study we show that a fully synthetic, α-Gal glycolipid-like small molecule, AGI-134, displays potent anti-tumor activity by engaging the cellular and humoral immune system against TAAs. Methods: in vitro and in vivo studies. Results: AGI-134 inserts into the plasma membranes of mouse and human cancer cells in vitro. Anti-Gal IgM and IgG bind to the α-Gal labeled cancer cells and mediate an anti-cancer cell response via complement dependent cytotoxicity, antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and cancer cell phagocytosis by antigen presenting cells in vitro. In anti-Gal producing α-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout (GT KO) mice, intratumorally (IT) administered AGI-134 greatly inhibits the growth of untreated distal B16-F10 melanoma lesions in an α-Gal- and anti-Gal-dependent fashion. Moreover, we show evidence that AGI-134 acts synergistically with an anti-programmed cell death 1 receptor (PD-1) antibody. In a PK study in GT KO mice, AGI-134 shows low systemic exposure following IT and subcutaneous (SC) administration. In a non-GLP toxicity study in cynomolgus monkeys, 5 SC or intravenous AGI-134 doses ranging from 2-50 mg/kg/dose were well tolerated. The no-observed-adverse-effect level was considered to be 50 mg/kg SC. Conclusions: We propose that AGI-134 has potential as a new immunotherapy for the treatment of solid tumors. The data suggest that AGI-134 may be an excellent combination partner for checkpoint inhibitors in treating cancer. Currently, the drug is being prepared for a Phase I/II clinical trial.
AB1177 The combination of physiotherapy and biological therapy for the management of ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: A Sehimi, Y Slimani, N Messaoud, O Bensaber
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> The management of the ankylosing spondylitis (AS) aims at relieving patients9pain, restoring their joint mobility and preventing structural damage which results in progressive deformity, in order to improve the functional status and quality of life of these patients, using various pharmacological and non-pharmacological means. The importance of the physiotherapy in patients with AS under biological treatment was reported in some studies, but the literature on this topic is still scarce. <h3>Objectives</h3> Report the experience, of our department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, in the management of the AS, especially the effect of the combination of physiotherapy and biological therapy on pain, disease activity, spinal mobility, functional capacity and quality of life. <h3>Methods</h3> Prospective study on 20 patients diagnosed with AS, treated with tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFa inhibitors) and placed under physiotherapy for 3 months. At baseline and at the end of 3 months, we evaluated Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), occiput-wall distance, Hirtz index, Schober index, Bath AS Functional Index (BASFI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) of patient9s quality of life. <h3>Results</h3> The 20 patients (9 females), aged 38.4 years±10.24 [range 19–55], treated with TNFa inhibitors (Etanercept in 35% and Adalimumab in 65%) and included in a physiotherapy program of 3 months (3 sessions/week), comprising muscle relaxation, flexibility exercises for cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine, range of motion exercises of coxofemoral joints, muscular strengthening, straight posture and respiratory exercises. After 3 months, all outcome parameters showed statistically significant improvements (P&lt;0,05), as shown in the folliwing table. <h3>Conclusions</h3> According to our results, the combination of physiotherapy and biological therapy is an effective mean in increasing functional capacity and joint mobility, decreasing disease activity, improving quality of life for AS patients. Currently available data do not adequately address what role physiotherapy may have on patients with AS receiving biological drugs [1]. There are a few studies evaluating the effects of exercises in patients with AS receiving TNFa inhibitors [2,3]. <h3>References</h3> Elyan M, Khan MA (2008) Does physical therapy still have a place in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis? Curr Opin Rheumatol 20:282–286. Dubey SG, Leeder J, Gaffney K (2008) Physical therapy in anti-TNF treated patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 47:1100–1101. Lubrano E, D9Angelo S, Parsons WJ, Serino F, Tanzillo AT,Olivieri I, Pappone N (2006) Effects of a combination treatment of an intensive rehabilitation program and etanercept in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a pilot study. J Rheumatol 33:2029–2034. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Plasmid-encoded colistin resistance: mcr-one, two, three and counting
Authors: Jan Kluytmans
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2017)

Preview this article: Plasmid-encoded colistin resistance: mcr-one, two, three and counting, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/22/31/eurosurv-22-31-1-1.gif
Abstract 44: Telomere and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Alex C Chang, Sang-Ging Ong, Joseph Wu, Helen M Blau
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal X-linked recessive disease that is result of mutations in the dystrophin gene and is the most common myopathic disease in humans with a prevalence of one in every 3500 males. Dystrophin is crucial for the formation of a dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC), which connects the cytoskeleton of a muscle fiber to the surrounding extracellular matrix in both skeletal and cardiac muscles. In the heart, loss of dystrophin leads to increased fibrosis and death in the third decade of life due to dilated cardiomyopathy. A conundrum in studying and developing therapies for DMD has been the lack of a mouse model that fully recapitulates the clinical phenotype, as mice that lack dystrophin (mdx model), unlike patients, exhibit only mild skeletal muscle defects, essentially no cardiac defects and have a relatively normal lifespan. Our lab reasoned that the difference in the manifestation of the disease in mice and humans could be telomere length, as mice have substantially longer telomeres than humans. We created a novel mouse model with shortened telomere lengths (similar to humans) that fully recapitulates the skeletal muscle (Cell. 2010;143:1059-1071; the mdx/mTRKO model) and cardiac muscle phenotype of DMD (Nat Cell Biol. 2013; 15:895-904; dilated cardiomyopathy). Interestingly, we observed a relative 45% reduction in cardiomyocyte telomere length in our mdx/mTRKO animals (3 animals per group, N = 300-400) as well as patient samples (4 DMD patient samples, N = 40-95). Here we present new evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction and telomere dysfunction.
PTH-026 Endoscopic full thickness resection of large scarred colonic polyps
Authors: PC Boger, I Rahman, A Castro Silva, P Patel
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

<h3>Introduction</h3> We have the largest UK experience (17 cases) with the novel endoscopic full thickness resection device (FTRD), which allows endoscopic resection of non-lifting adenomas, subepithelial tumours, and T1 cancers. Here we report and demonstrate the use of a Hybrid resection technique that combines traditional EMR with endoscopic full thickness resection (eFTR) for large scarred polyps where traditionally surgery would be required. <h3>Method</h3> In our series of endoscopic full thickness resections (eFTR) from April 2015 – February 2017, 4 scarred polyps were too large for traditional eFTR with a diameter larger than the limit of the FTRD device of around 30 mm. These patients were assessed as high risk for surgery, but had good life expectancy and wanted the polyp to be removed. We developed a strategy of resecting the polyps in 2 stages. Stage 1 involved traditional EMR of the non-scarred/lifting segment of the polyp. Stage 2 involved resecting the remaining scarred part of the polyp with eFTR. Outcomes were success of eradication of polyp and adverse events. <h3>Results</h3> All 4 cases underwent the hybrid eFTR resection. Median size of referred polyp was 50 mm (30–60 mm), 2 were laterally spreading tumour (LST) non-granular type with Paris classification 0-2a/b and 2 were LST granular type 0-1s+2 a/b. All cases initially underwent traditional EMR with a median procedural time of 90 min (60–130 min). 3 months later eFTR took place successfully in all 4 patients; median procedural time 56.5mins (41-71mins), and median specimen size 22.5 mm (18–25 mm). Histology confirmed full thickness resection in all 4 cases, and R0 resection in 2/4. 3 month follow up is complete in all 4 cases; 2 mm residual adenoma was found in 1 patient and treated by biopsy and argon therapy to scar with site clear of adenoma at 1 year follow up. In all cases, the polyp was eradicated with no adverse events, including no post procedural complications of bleeding or perforation. The video illustrates the technique used in a patient referred with an extensive and heavily scarred polyp (60 mm LST-G, 0-1s+2 a/b). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Hybrid eFTR of large scarred colonic polyps is a feasible alternate to surgery in selected cases with good outcomes and favourable safety profile. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Association of Previous Cesarean Delivery With Surgical Complications After a Hysterectomy Later in Life
Authors: Sofie A. I. Lindquist, Neel Shah, Charlotte Overgaard, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Karin Glavind, Thomas Larsen, Avery Plough, Grace Galvin, Aage Knudsen
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

In recent decades, the global rates of cesarean delivery have rapidly increased. Nonetheless, the influence of cesarean deliveries on surgical complications later in life has been understudied.To investigate whether previous cesarean delivery increases the risk of reoperation, perioperative and postoperative complications, and blood transfusion when undergoing a hysterectomy later in life.This registry-based cohort study used data from Danish nationwide registers on all women who gave birth for the first time between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 2012, and underwent a benign, nongravid hysterectomy between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2012. The dates of this analysis were February 1 to June 30, 2016.Cesarean delivery.Reoperation, perioperative and postoperative complications, and blood transfusion within 30 days of a hysterectomy.Of the 7685 women (mean [SD] age, 40.0 [5.3] years) who met the inclusion criteria, 5267 (68.5%) had no previous cesarean delivery, 1694 (22.0%) had 1 cesarean delivery, and 724 (9.4%) had 2 or more cesarean deliveries. Among the 7685 included women, 3714 (48.3%) had an abdominal hysterectomy, 2513 (32.7%) had a vaginal hysterectomy, and 1458 (19.0%) had a laparoscopic hysterectomy. In total, 388 women (5.0%) had a reoperation within 30 days after a hysterectomy. Compared with women having vaginal deliveries, fully adjusted multivariable analysis showed that the adjusted odds ratio of reoperation for women having 1 previous cesarean delivery was 1.31 (95% CI, 1.03-1.68), and the adjusted odds ratio was 1.35 (95% CI, 0.96-1.91) for women having 2 or more cesarean deliveries. Perioperative and postoperative complications were reported in 934 women (12.2%) and were more frequent in women with previous cesarean deliveries, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.16 (95% CI, 0.98-1.37) for 1 cesarean delivery and 1.30 (95% CI, 1.02-1.65) for 2 or more cesarean deliveries. Blood transfusion was administered to 195 women (2.5%). Women having 2 or more cesarean deliveries had an adjusted odds ratio for receiving blood transfusion of 1.93 (95% CI, 1.21-3.07) compared with women having no previous cesarean delivery.Women with at least 1 previous cesarean delivery face an increased risk of complications when undergoing a hysterectomy later in life. The results support policies and clinical efforts to prevent cesarean deliveries that are not medically indicated.
X-RAY SCAN EXAMINATION AS A QUALIFICATION TO PRACTICE JUDO–THE CERVICAL SPINE INSTABILITY AMONG CHILDREN
Authors: Wojciech Gawroński, Aleksandra Gawrońska, Jakub Kabata
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background Judo is a martial art focused on the use of grasping the neck with the high risk of the cervical spine injury. Therefore on examination which qualifies to practicing judo, it is mandatory to perform an X-ray scan of the cervical spine segment. Objective To evaluate whether radiological diagnosis of cervical spine instability among children is an absolute or relative contraindication to practicing judo. Impact assessment of contact sport on the incidence of cervical spine instability among children – recognition and prevention. Design Retrospective descriptive study. Setting Judo beginners. Participant 22 children aged 7 to 12. Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors) The young athletes underwent X-ray examination of the cervical spine, using the A-P and lateral views. When instability was diagnosed, additional functional radiographic examinations (flexion-extension view) was ordered. Main Outcome Measurements 12 cases with instability were followed by consultation with a neurosurgeon, and children orthopedist. Results The study assessed 22 young athletes performing judo. In this group, there was only 1 case (4.55%) with no cervical spine lesions found, 9 cases (40.90%) with lesions which did not present a contraindication to practice sport and 12 cases (54.55%) with instability. Conclusions In case of finding instability in stationary X-rays and confirming in flexion-extension X-rays (lateral views) resulting only from the laxity of the capsular and ligamentous system, it is possible to allow practicing judo in case of children below 12 years old, on condition of undergoing the systematic and comprehensive examination. It is necessary to introduce general physical training to strengthen the muscles in the cervical segment, before starting technical training.