tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Community-Based Lifestyle Intervention in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Madelon Minneboo, Sangeeta Lachman, Marjolein Snaterse, Harald T. Jørstad, Gerben ter Riet, S. Matthijs Boekholdt, Wilma J.M. Scholte op Reimer, Ron J.G. Peters, R.K. Riezebos, R.A.M. van Liebergen, A. van der Spank, J.M. van Dantzig, P.A.R. de Milliano, M.W.J. van Hessen, J.A. Kragten, W. Jaarsma, F.R. den Hartog, G.L. Bartels, W.R.M. Aengevaeren, P. van Rossum, A. Anneveldt, C.J. de Vries
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
<i>Mycobacterium abscessus</i>in patients with cystic fibrosis: low impact of inter-human transmission in Italy
Authors: Enrico Tortoli, Thomas A. Kohl, Alberto Trovato, Rossella Baldan, Silvia Campana, Lisa Cariani, Carla Colombo, Danila Costa, Simona Cristadoro, M. Clelia Di Serio, Antonio Manca, Giovanna Pizzamiglio, Paola M.V. Rancoita, Gian Maria Rossolini, Giovanni Taccetti, Antonio Teri, Stefan Niemann, Daniela M. Cirillo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

No outbreak of M. abscessus among Italian CF patients despite the presence of a widespread circulating clone http://ow.ly/oM9l30cs6M0
Efficacy of Lisdexamfetamine in Adults With Moderate to Severe Binge-Eating Disorder
Authors: James I. Hudson, Susan L. McElroy, M. Celeste Ferreira-Cornwell, Jana Radewonuk, Maria Gasior
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2017)

The ability of pharmacotherapies to prevent relapse and maintain efficacy with long-term treatment in psychiatric conditions is important.To assess lisdexamfetamine dimesylate maintenance of efficacy in adults with moderate to severe binge-eating disorder.A multinational, phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized withdrawal study including 418 participants was conducted at 49 clinical research study sites from January 27, 2014, to April 8, 2015. Eligible adults met DSM-IV-R binge-eating disorder criteria and had moderate to severe binge eating disorder (≥3 binge-eating days per week for 14 days before open-label baseline; Clinical Global Impressions-Severity [CGI-S] scores ≥4 [moderate severity] at screening and open-label baseline). Following a 12-week, open-label phase (dose optimization, 4 weeks [lisdexamfetamine dimesylate, 50 or 70 mg]; dose maintenance, 8 weeks), lisdexamfetamine responders (≤1 binge eating day per week for 4 consecutive weeks and CGI-S scores ≤2 at week 12) were randomized to placebo or continued lisdexamfetamine during a 26-week, double-blind, randomized withdrawal phase.Lisdexamfetamine administration.The primary outcome variable, time to relapse (≥2 binge-eating days per week for 2 consecutive weeks and ≥2-point CGI-S score increases from randomized withdrawal baseline), was analyzed using a log-rank test (primary analysis); the analysis was stratified for dichotomized 4-week cessation status. Safety assessments included treatment-emergent adverse events.Of the 418 participants enrolled in the open-label phase of the study, 411 (358 [87.1%] women; mean [SD] age, 38.3 [10.4] years) were included in the safety analysis set. Of 275 randomized lisdexamfetamine responders (placebo, n = 138; lisdexamfetamine, n = 137), the observed proportions of participants meeting relapse criteria were 3.7% (5 of 136) for lisdexamfetamine and 32.1% (42 of 131) for placebo. Lisdexamfetamine demonstrated superiority over placebo on the log-rank test (χ21, 40.37; P < .001) for time to relapse; the hazard ratio, based on a Cox proportional hazards model for lisdexamfetamine vs placebo, was 0.09 (95% CI, 0.04-0.23). The treatment-emergent adverse events observed were generally consistent with the known profile of lisdexamfetamine.Risk of binge-eating relapse over 6 months was lower in participants continuing lisdexamfetamine than in those randomized to placebo. The hazard for relapse was lower with lisdexamfetamine than placebo.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02009163.
High Quality Copy Number and Genotype from FFPE Samples Using Molecular Inversion Probes (MIP)
Authors: Malek Faham
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

ED02-01  There have been several examples where copy number aberrations has proven to be significant clinically. Over the past few years technology for genome wide assessment of copy number has become available. One important drawback for many of these technologies is their ability to obtain high quality data from samples that have been Formaldehyde Fixed and Paraffin Embedded (FFPE). We have utilized the Molecular Inversion Probes (MIP) technology for the study of copy number in cancer samples. MIP probes are circularizable oligonucloetides, where the two ends carry two sequences that are complementary to two sequences on the genome separated by one nucleotide (exactly where the variant to be genotyped is). After hybridization to the genomic DNA, the reaction is split into 4 tubes where a single nucleotide is added to each tube. Upon the addition of the nucleotide (only in the tube with the nucleotide that is complementary to the allele on the genome) the MIP probe is then ligated turning the probe into a circle. This structure can be selected for by the use of exonucleases allowing for minimal “cross talk” between probes and the ability to obtain high quality data from highly multiplexed assays (>50,000 plex). Ultimately these products are amplified and hybridized onto an Affymetrix microarray to identify the present products. We have shown the use of MIP to get copy number data with excellent precision and dynamic range in cancer samples. In addition the relatively small genomic footprint it requires (~40 bp) suggested that MIP may be able to adequately assess FFPE samples. We have recently tested several sets of FFPE samples for different tumor types from multiple institutions, and demonstrated excellent copy number performance.
Toxic Mushrooms in California
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Protection against cholera from killed whole-cell oral cholera vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Qifang Bi, Eva Ferreras, Lorenzo Pezzoli, Dominique Legros, Louise C Ivers, Kashmira Date, Firdausi Qadri, Laura Digilio, David A Sack, Mohammad Ali, Justin Lessler, Francisco J Luquero, Andrew S Azman, Philippe Cavailler, Kashmira Date, Nandini Sreenivasan, Helen Matzger, Francisco Luquero, Rebecca Grais, Lale Wiesner, Melissa Ko, Vanessa Rouzier, Corey Peak, Firdausi Qadri, Justine Landegger, Julia Lynch, Andrew Azman, David Sack, Myriam Henkens, Iza Ciglenecki, Louise Ivers, Emma Diggle, Mitchell Weiss, Alan Hinman, Kahindo Maina, Imran Mirza, Guillermo Gimeno, Myron Levine
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2017)

Killed whole-cell oral cholera vaccines (kOCVs) are becoming a standard cholera control and prevention tool. However, vaccine efficacy and direct effectiveness estimates have varied, with differences in study design, location, follow-up duration, and vaccine composition posing challenges for public health decision making. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to generate average estimates of kOCV efficacy and direct effectiveness from the available literature.For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Review Library on July 9, 2016, and ISI Web of Science on July 11, 2016, for randomised controlled trials and observational studies that reported estimates of direct protection against medically attended confirmed cholera conferred by kOCVs. We included studies published on any date in English, Spanish, French, or Chinese. We extracted from the published reports the primary efficacy and effectiveness estimates from each study and also estimates according to number of vaccine doses, duration, and age group. The main study outcome was average efficacy and direct effectiveness of two kOCV doses, which we estimated with random-effect models. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016048232.Seven trials (with 695 patients with cholera) and six observational studies (217 patients with cholera) met the inclusion criteria, with an average two-dose efficacy of 58% (95% CI 42-69, I2=58%) and effectiveness of 76% (62-85, I2=0). Average two-dose efficacy in children younger than 5 years (30% [95% CI 15-42], I2=0%) was lower than in those 5 years or older (64% [58-70], I2=0%; p<0·0001). Two-dose efficacy estimates of kOCV were similar during the first 2 years after vaccination, with estimates of 56% (95% CI 42-66, I2=45%) in the first year and 59% (49-67, I2=0) in the second year. The efficacy reduced to 39% (13 to 57, I2=48%) in the third year, and 26% (-46 to 63, I2=74%) in the fourth year.Two kOCV doses provide protection against cholera for at least 3 years. One kOCV dose provides at least short-term protection, which has important implications for outbreak management. kOCVs are effective tools for cholera control.The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Entinostat Neutralizes Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Enhances the Antitumor Effect of PD-1 Inhibition in Murine Models of Lung and Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ashley Orillion, Ayumi Hashimoto, Nur Damayanti, Li Shen, Remi Adelaiye-Ogala, Sreevani Arisa, Sreenivasulu Chintala, Peter Ordentlich, Chingai Kao, Bennett Elzey, Dmitry Gabrilovich, Roberto Pili
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Purpose: Recent advances in immunotherapy highlight the antitumor effects of immune checkpoint inhibition despite a relatively limited subset of patients receiving clinical benefit. The selective class I histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat has been reported to have immunomodulatory activity including targeting of immune suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment. Thus, we decided to assess whether entinostat could enhance anti–PD-1 treatment and investigate those alterations in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that contribute to the combined antitumor activity. Experimental Design: We utilized syngeneic mouse models of lung (LLC) and renal cell (RENCA) carcinoma and assessed immune correlates, tumor growth, and survival following treatment with entinostat (5 or 10 mg/kg, p.o.) and a PD-1 inhibitor (10 and 20 mg/kg, s.c.). Results: Entinostat enhanced the antitumor effect of PD-1 inhibition in two syngeneic mouse tumor models by reducing tumor growth and increasing survival. Entinostat inhibited the immunosuppressive function of both polymorphonuclear (PMN)- and monocytic-myeloid derived suppressor cell (M-MDSC) populations. Analysis of MDSC response to entinostat revealed significantly reduced arginase-1, iNOS, and COX-2 levels, suggesting potential mechanisms for the altered function. We also observed significant alterations in cytokine/chemokine release in vivo with a shift toward a tumor-suppressive microenvironment. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that entinostat enhances the antitumor effect of PD-1 targeting through functional inhibition of MDSCs and a transition away from an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment. These data provide a mechanistic rationale for the clinical testing and potential markers of response of this novel combination in solid tumor patients. Clin Cancer Res; 23(17); 5187–201. ©2017 AACR.
From Last to First — Could the U.S. Health Care System Become the Best in the World?
Authors: Eric C. Schneider, David Squires
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

At the Bottom, Looking Up (07:38)Download Commonwealth Fund reports have consistently rated the performance of the U.S. health care system last among high-income countries, though we spend far more on health care. An understanding of the reasons for that disparity may point the way to essential improvements.
Preoperative geriatric assessment reduced hospital stay and complications in patients ≥ 65 y having vascular surgery
Authors: Harrison G. Weed
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

ACP Journal Club18 July 2017Preoperative geriatric assessment reduced hospital stay and complications in patients ≥ 65 y having vascular surgeryHarrison G. Weed, MDHarrison G. Weed, MDOhio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA (H.G.W.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2017-167-2-002 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationPartridge JS, Harari D, Martin FC, et al. Randomized clinical trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment and optimization in vascular surgery. Br J Surg. 2017;104:679-87. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28198997Clinical Impact RatingsHospitalists: Geriatrics: Reference1 Shields L, Henderson V, Caslake R. Comprehensive geriatric assessment for prevention of delirium after hip fracture: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2017 Apr 13. [Epub ahead of print]. [PMID: 28407199] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA (H.G.W.)This article was published at Annals.org on 4 July 2017. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 July 2017Volume 167, Issue 2Page: JC2KeywordsDeliriumGeriatricsHeart failureLength of stayMedical conditionsNursesSurgeryTachycardiaVascular surgery ePublished: 18 July 2017 Issue Published: 18 July 2017 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2017 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Изменения экспрессии MUC2, MUC3, MUC4, TFF3 в слизистой оболочке толстого кишечника у больных неспецифическим язвенным колитом
Authors: A.E. Dorofeyev, I.V. Vasilenko, O.A. Rassokhina
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2013)

Целью данной работы была оценка изменений экспрессии муцинов (MUC2, MUC3, MUC4) и трефоилового пептида (TFF3) слизистого барьера кишечника у больных неспецифическим язвенным колитом (НЯК). Было обследовано 49 больных с левосторонним НЯК в стадии обострения. Всем больным НЯК было проведено эндоскопическое исследование с биопсией слизистой оболочки толстой кишки и морфологическим исследованием биоптата, определением экспрессии MUC2, MUC3, MUC4, TFF3. Изменения слизистого барьера кишечника у больных НЯК отображают нарушение процессов слизеобразования, экспрессии муцинов и их свойств, а также тяжесть течения НЯК
Cross-phenotype association mapping of the MHC identifies genetic variants that differentiate psoriatic arthritis from psoriasis
Authors: John Bowes, James Ashcroft, Nick Dand, Farideh Jalali-najafabadi, Eftychia Bellou, Pauline Ho, Helena Marzo-Ortega, Philip S Helliwell, Marie Feletar, Anthony W Ryan, David J Kane, Eleanor Korendowych, Michael A Simpson, Jonathan Packham, Ross McManus, Matthew A Brown, Catherine H Smith, Jonathan N Barker, Neil McHugh, Oliver FitzGerald, Richard B Warren, Anne Barton
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis, with a strong heritable component, affecting patients with psoriasis. Here we attempt to identify genetic variants within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) that differentiate patients with PsA from patients with cutaneous psoriasis alone (PsC). <h3>Methods</h3> 2808 patients with PsC, 1945 patients with PsA and 8920 population controls were genotyped. We imputed SNPs, amino acids and classical HLA alleles across the MHC and tested for association with PsA compared to population controls and the PsC patient group. In addition we investigated the impact of the age of disease onset on associations. <h3>Results</h3> HLA-C*06:02 was protective of PsA compared to PsC (p=9.57×10<sup>−66</sup>, OR 0.37). The HLA-C*06:02 risk allele was associated with a younger age of psoriasis onset in all patients (p=1.01×10<sup>−59</sup>). After controlling for the age of psoriasis onset no association of PsA to HLA-C*06:02 (p=0.07) was observed; instead, the most significant association was to amino acid at position 97 of HLA-B (p=1.54×10<sup>−9</sup>) where the presence of asparagine or serine residue increased PsA risk. Asparagine at position 97 of HLA-B defines the HLA-B*27 alleles. <h3>Conclusions</h3> By controlling for the age of psoriasis onset, we show, for the first time, that <i>HLA-C*06:02</i> is not associated with PsA and that amino acid position 97 of HLA-B differentiates PsA from PsC. This amino acid also represents the largest genetic effect for ankylosing spondylitis, thereby refining the genetic overlap of these two spondyloarthropathies. Correcting for bias has important implications for cross-phenotype genetic studies.
Different Rating of Global Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients With Multiple Morbidities
Authors: Helga Radner, Kazuki Yoshida, Sara Tedeschi, Paul Studenic, Michelle Frits, Christine Iannaccone, Nancy A. Shadick, Michael Weinblatt, Daniel Aletaha, Josef S. Smolen, Daniel H. Solomon
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

To quantify differences and determine the factors contributing to the difference in patient global assessment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity (PtGA) between RA patients with multiple morbidities (RA-MM) and those with RA only.We compared the PtGA between RA-MM patients and those with RA only, followed up in a longitudinal cohort (n = 1,040). In analyses performed on RA-MM patients (n = 575) and those with RA only (matched for swollen joint count, tender joint count, evaluator global assessment, and disease duration), the mean difference in PtGA (ΔPtGA) between the 2 groups was assessed. The contribution of patient characteristics to the explained variation of ΔPtGA in the matched cohort was calculated as semipartial R2 and summarized as the percentage of the total R2 in linear regression models.RA-MM patients reported higher (or worse) PtGA, with an increased PtGA associated with more morbidities (P for linear trend < 0.01); this relationship remained significant after adjustment for disease activity, age, and disease duration. After matching 294 RA-MM patients to those with RA only, the pairwise comparison of mean PtGA (on a scale of 0-100 mm) was significantly higher (worse) for RA-MM patients (mean ± SD 30.5 ± 24.3) versus those with RA only (25.6 ± 22.9) (mean ΔPtGA 4.9 ± 26.7; P < 0.01 by paired t-test). Variables uniquely contributing to ΔPtGA were fatigue (18%), pain (17%), and modified Health Assessment Questionnaire scores (9%).In RA patients with multiple morbidities, the perception of RA disease activity as measured by the PtGA might be impacted by the burden of multiple diseases in one individual. RA-MM patients have higher (worse) levels of PtGA scores compared to patients with RA only. The difference in PtGA is mainly explained by differences in fatigue and pain.
Evaluation of Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy‐on‐a‐Needle as a Novel Tool to Determine Optimal Surgical Margin in Partial Nephrectomy
Authors: Hyeon Woo Kim, Joho Yun, Jeong Zoo Lee, Dong Gil Shin, Jong‐Hyun Lee
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

A hypodermic needle has been introduced incorporating an electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) sensor, called micro-EIS-on-a-needle for depth profiling (μEoN-DP). The μEoN-DP can locate endophytic renal tumors as well as determine tumor margins by detecting the impedance difference between normal and cancer tissues. To evaluate the μEoN-DP as a novel tool to determine the optimal surgical margin during partial nephrectomy (PN), the electrical impedance differences between renal parenchymal tissues and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumors are investigated with regard to the distance from the tumors. Optimal frequencies at which the discrimination extent is maximized are suggested based on the discrimination index. The resistance and capacitance of normal and cancer tissues are extracted using electrical equivalent circuit by excluding the influences of other electrical components on the sensor output. The extracted resistance and capacitance of cancer tissues are 37.8% larger and 25.7% smaller than that of normal tissues, respectively. Additionally, high sensitivity and specificity are obtained by using extracted resistance and capacitance, thus implying that the μEoN-DP shows promise as a supplementary tool for PN margin evaluation and decreasing the prevalence of positive surgical margins while maximizing parenchymal preservation.
A leptin-regulated circuit controls glucose mobilization during noxious stimuli
Authors: Jonathan N. Flak, Deanna Arble, Warren Pan, Christa Patterson, Thomas Lanigan, Paulette B. Goforth, Jamie Sacksner, Maja Joosten, Donald A. Morgan, Margaret B. Allison, John Hayes, Eva Feldman, Randy J. Seeley, David P. Olson, Kamal Rahmouni, Martin G. Myers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2017)

Adipocytes secrete the hormone leptin to signal the sufficiency of energy stores. Reductions in circulating leptin concentrations reflect a negative energy balance, which augments sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation in response to metabolically demanding emergencies. This process ensures adequate glucose mobilization despite low energy stores. We report that leptin receptor-expressing neurons (LepRb neurons) in the periaqueductal gray (PAG), the largest population of LepRb neurons in the brain stem, mediate this process. Application of noxious stimuli, which often signal the need to mobilize glucose to support an appropriate response, activated PAG LepRb neurons, which project to and activate parabrachial nucleus (PBN) neurons that control SNS activation and glucose mobilization. Furthermore, activating PAG LepRb neurons increased SNS activity and blood glucose concentrations, while ablating LepRb in PAG neurons augmented glucose mobilization in response to noxious stimuli. Thus, decreased leptin action on PAG LepRb neurons augments the autonomic response to noxious stimuli, ensuring sufficient glucose mobilization during periods of acute demand in the face of diminished energy stores.