tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0769 Sonographic signs of enthesitis in established psoriatic arthritis and healthy volunteers
Authors: K Wervers, I Herrings, JJ Luime, M Moed, I Tchetverikov, AH Gerards, JMW Hazes, M Vis
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Previous research in our group showed that sonographic signs of enthesitis are present in early and established PsA, but in young healthy volunteers as well. The Madrid Sonographic Enthesitis Index (MASEI) was only able to differentiate between patients and healthy volunteers after excluding knee enthesis thickness from the score and semi-quantitative scoring of Power Doppler (PD) signal (1). <h3>Objectives</h3> We aim to validate the modified MASEI in a larger cohort of established PsA patients and healthy volunteers. <h3>Methods</h3> Established PsA patients and healthy volunteers aged 35–55 were asked to participate in this cross-sectional study, irrespective of presence of enthesitis complaints. The triceps, quadriceps, proximal and distal patellar and Achilles tendon and plantar fascia (i.e. the locations of the MASEI) and the common extensor insertion at the lateral epicondyle of the elbow were evaluated sonographically for structural changes (i.e. erosions, calcifications and structure) and active inflammation (thickness, bursitis and PD). <h3>Results</h3> 84 established PsA patients and 25 healthy volunteers participated. Sonographic structural changes and one or two spots of PD signal were common in both groups. The modified MASEI was significantly higher in PsA patients (median 12 (IQR 7.25–17) vs. 7.5 (5–9), P&lt;0.001), while the original MASEI did not differ significantly (Table 1). Confluent PD over a larger area was only seen in 8% of the established PsA patients. Structural damage on ultrasound was more pronounced in the patients compared to the healthy volunteers. Number of PD locations and PD score did not distinguish the two groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Inflammatory and structural changes of the enthesis measured with ultrasound are common in both unselected PsA patients and healthy volunteers, but more pronounced in established PsA patients. <h3>References</h3> Wervers K, Rasappu N, Vis M, Tchetverikov I, Kok MR, Gerards AH, et al. AB0733 Masei Shows Substantial Changes in The Entheses of Young Healthy Volunteers – Amending Its PD Score and Excluding Knee Entheses Thickness Provides Better Discrimination of Enthesitis in Psoriatic Arthritis Patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2016;75:1155. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Intestinal microbiota in infants at high risk for allergy: Effects of prebiotics and role in eczema development
Authors: Harm Wopereis, Kathleen Sim, Alexander Shaw, John O. Warner, Jan Knol, J. Simon Kroll
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)

Development of the gut microbiota in infancy is important in maturation of the immune system. Deviations in colonization patterns have been associated with allergic manifestations such as eczema, but exact microbiome dysfunctions underlying allergies remain unclear. We studied the gut microbiota of 138 infants at increased risk of allergy, participating in a clinical trial investigating the effectiveness of a partially hydrolyzed protein formula supplemented with nondigestible oligosaccharides on the prevention of eczema.The effects of interventions and breast-feeding on fecal microbiota were investigated. Additionally, we aimed to identify microbial patterns associated with the onset of eczema.Bacterial taxonomic compositions in the first 26 weeks of life were analyzed by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Additionally, fecal pH and microbial metabolite levels were measured.Fecal microbial composition, metabolites, and pH of infants receiving partially hydrolyzed protein formula supplemented with nondigestible oligosaccharides was closer to that of breast-fed infants than that of infants receiving standard cow's milk formula. Infants with eczema by 18 months showed discordant development of bacterial genera of Enterobacteriaceae and Parabacteroides species in the first 26 weeks, as well as decreased acquisition of lactate-utilizing bacteria producing butyrate, namely Eubacterium and Anaerostipes species, supported by increased lactate and decreased butyrate levels.We showed that a partially hydrolyzed protein infant formula with specific prebiotics modulated the gut microbiota closer to that of breast-fed infants. Additionally, we identified a potential link between microbial activity and onset of eczema, which might reflect a suboptimal implementation of gut microbiota at specific developmental stages in infants at high risk for allergy.
Antimicrobial resistance communication activities in South East Asia
Authors: Natasha Godinho, Supriya Bezbaruah, Shikha Nayyar, Juhi Gautam, Stuti Sachdeva, Indira Behara, Sirenda Vong
Journal: BMJ (2017)

There is an urgent need to raise public awareness of antimicrobial resistance in the region, say Natasha Godinho and colleagues
Exercise-Induced Catecholamines Activate the Hippo Tumor Suppressor Pathway to Reduce Risks of Breast Cancer Development
Authors: Christine Dethlefsen, Louise S. Hansen, Christian Lillelund, Christina Andersen, Julie Gehl, Jesper F. Christensen, Bente K. Pedersen, Pernille Hojman
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Strong epidemiologic evidence documents the protective effect of physical activity on breast cancer risk, recurrence, and mortality, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be identified. Using human exercise–conditioned serum for breast cancer cell incubation studies and murine exercise interventions, we aimed to identify exercise factors and signaling pathways involved in the exercise-dependent suppression of breast cancer. Exercise-conditioned serum from both women with breast cancer (n = 20) and healthy women (n = 7) decreased MCF-7 (hormone-sensitive) and MDA-MB-231 (hormone-insensitive) breast cancer cell viability in vitro by 11% to 19% and reduced tumorigenesis by 50% when preincubated MCF-7 breast cancer cells were inoculated into NMRI-Foxn1nu mice. This exercise-mediated suppression of cell viability and tumor formation was completely blunted by blockade of β-adrenergic signaling in MCF-7 cells, indicating that catecholamines were the responsible exercise factors. Both epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine (NE) could directly inhibit breast cancer cell viability, as well as tumor growth in vivo. EPI and NE activate the tumor suppressor Hippo signaling pathway, and the suppressive effect of exercise-conditioned serum was found to be mediated through phosphorylation and cytoplasmic retention of YAP and reduced expression of downstream target genes, for example, ANKRD1 and CTGF. In parallel, tumor-bearing mice with access to running wheels showed reduced growth of MCF-7 (–36%, P &amp;lt; 0.05) and MDA-MB-231 (–66%, P &amp;lt; 0.01) tumors and, for the MCF-7 tumor, increased regulation of the Hippo signaling pathway. Taken together, our findings offer a mechanistic explanation for exercise-dependent suppression of breast cancer cell growth. Cancer Res; 77(18); 4894–904. ©2017 AACR.
組織工学神経回路網の移植と切断されたラット脊髄への神経リレーの形成【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Lai Bi-Qin, Che Ming-Tian, Du Bao-Ling, Zeng Xiang, Ma Yuan-Huan, Feng Bo, Qiu Xue-Chen, Zhang Ke, Liu Shu, Shen Hui-Yong, Wu Jin-Lang, Ling Eng-Ang, Zeng Yuan-Shan
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Nintedanib with Add-on Pirfenidone in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Results of the INJOURNEY Trial
Authors: Carlo Vancheri, Michael Kreuter, Luca Richeldi, Christopher J. Ryerson, Dominique Valeyre, Jan C. Grutters, Sabrina Wiebe, Wibke Stansen, Manuel Quaresma, Susanne Stowasser, Wim A. Wuyts
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2017)

Rationale: Nintedanib and pirfenidone slow the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but the disease continues to progress. More data are needed on the safety and efficacy of combination therapy with nintedanib and add-on pirfenidone.Objectives: To investigate safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic and exploratory efficacy endpoints in patients treated with nintedanib and add-on pirfenidone versus nintedanib alone.Methods: Patients with IPF and FVC greater than or equal to 50% predicted at screening who completed a 4- to 5-week run-in with nintedanib 150 mg twice daily without dose reduction or treatment interruption were randomized to receive nintedanib 150 mg twice daily with add-on pirfenidone (titrated to 801 mg three times daily) or nintedanib 150 mg twice daily alone in an open-label manner for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients with on-treatment gastrointestinal adverse events from baseline to Week 12. Analyses were descriptive and exploratory.Measurements and Main Results: On-treatment gastrointestinal adverse events were reported in 37 of 53 patients (69.8%) treated with nintedanib with add-on pirfenidone and 27 of 51 patients (52.9%) treated with nintedanib alone. Predose plasma trough concentrations of nintedanib were similar when it was administered alone or with add-on pirfenidone. Mean (SE) changes from baseline in FVC at Week 12 were −13.3 (17.4) ml and −40.9 (31.4) ml in patients treated with nintedanib with add-on pirfenidone (n = 48) and nintedanib alone (n = 44), respectively.Conclusions: Nintedanib with add-on pirfenidone had a manageable safety and tolerability profile in patients with IPF, in line with the adverse event profiles of each drug. These data support further research into combination regimens in the treatment of IPF.Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02579603).
Treatment of Genetic Disease
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chimeric antigen receptors for adoptive T cell therapy in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Mingxue Fan, Minghao Li, Lipeng Gao, Sicong Geng, Jing Wang, Yiting Wang, Zhiqiang Yan, Lei Yu
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2017)

Currently, conventional therapies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have high failure and relapse rates. Thus, developing new strategies is crucial for improving the treatment of AML. With the clinical success of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies against B-lineage malignancies, many studies have attempted to translate the success of CAR T cell therapy to other malignancies, including AML. This review summarizes the current advances in CAR T cell therapy against AML, including preclinical studies and clinical trials, and discusses the potential AML-associated surface markers that could be used for further CAR technology. Finally, we describe strategies that might address the current issues of employing CAR T cell therapy in AML.
Redefining Unexplained Anemia in Elderly—Reply
Authors: Harvey Jay Cohen, Cindy N. Roy, Peter J. Snyder
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Efficacy and Safety of Ticagrelor Over Time in Patients With Prior MI in PEGASUS-TIMI 54
Authors: Marc P. Bonaca, Robert F. Storey, Pierre Theroux, P. Gabriel Steg, Deepak L. Bhatt, Marc C. Cohen, KyungAh Im, Sabina A. Murphy, Giulia Magnani, Ton Oude Ophuis, Mikhail Rudah, Alexander Parkhomenko, Daniel Isaza, Gabriel Kamensky, Assen Goudev, Gilles Montalescot, Eva C. Jensen, Per Johanson, Eugene Braunwald, Marc S. Sabatine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
多機能磁性ナノワイヤ:少量の血液を用いた非転移性早期乳癌患者からの超高感度検出と分離稀な癌細胞のための新しいブレークスルー【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Hong Wooyoung, Lee Sooyeon, Chang Hee Jin, Lee Eun Sook, Cho Youngnam
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
FRI0560 Predictors of fractures in female patients with anorexia
Authors: M Rahm, M Bukhari
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterised by extremely low body weight and body image distortion. It is more common in females and is expected to become increasingly more prevalent. Numerous studies have found AN to have a detrimental effect on bone health. The evidence shows that anorexia is associated with reduced bone mass and strength which increases fracture risk. Few staudes have looked at other predictors of fracture in these patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to determine whether further predictors of fracture could be found in female patients suffering from anorexia nervosa (AN). <h3>Methods</h3> Female patients with anorexia refereed for a bone mineral density (BMD) DEXA scan from June 2006 to October 2014 were identified. This cohort of patients was split into two subgroups depending on their fracture status. Demographics collected on scanning and factors such as age at DEXA scan, height, weight, body fat percentage, BMI, lumbar spine L1-L4 BMD and femoral neck BMD were used to compare the fracture group against the controls. Categorical variables such as smoking, comorbidities (Rheumatoid arthritis), alcohol, family history and steroid use were compared using chi squared test and the T test was used tompare continous variables. Logistic regression models were used to model fractures unadjusted and adjusting for age at scan. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 193 female patients with anorexia were included: 45 (23.3%) had sustained a fracture. The results of statistical analysis are shown in Table 1. The data showed there is a significant association with having a low femoral neck BMD and increased fracture risk OR 0.036 (95%, CI 0.003, 0.497). The case group was also significantly taller OR 1.061 (95%, CI 1.009, 1.117) and older P value 0.0027 (95% combined CI 39.193, 42.682). There was no correlation with any of the categorical variables and fracture risk, see Table 2 for results. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study demonstrates that fractures in female patients with anorexia are more likely to occur in those who are taller, older at DEXA scan and in those who have a lower femoral neck BMD. This would inidcate that cortiocal bone loss and taller stature are indepent risks in this cohort. Further work using vitamin D levels as a risk should be performed. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Pharmacologic Differences of Sulfonylureas and the Risk of Adverse Cardiovascular and Hypoglycemic Events
Authors: Antonios Douros, Hui Yin, Oriana Hoi Yun Yu, Kristian B. Filion, Laurent Azoulay, Samy Suissa
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

Sulfonylureas have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular adverse events and hypoglycemia, but it is unclear if these risks vary with different agents. We assessed whether the risks of acute myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, cardiovascular death, all-cause mortality, and severe hypoglycemia differ between sulfonylureas grouped according to pancreas specificity and duration of action.Using the U.K. Clinical Practice Research Datalink, linked with the Hospital Episodes Statistics and the Office for National Statistics databases, we conducted a cohort study among patients with type 2 diabetes initiating monotherapy with sulfonylureas between 1998 and 2013. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, comparing use of pancreas-nonspecific, long-acting sulfonylureas (glyburide/glimepiride) to pancreas-specific, short-acting sulfonylureas (gliclazide/glipizide/tolbutamide).The cohort included 17,604 sulfonylurea initiators (mean [SD] follow-up 1.2 [1.5] years). Compared with specific, short-acting sulfonylureas (15,741 initiators), nonspecific, long-acting sulfonylureas (1,863 initiators) were not associated with an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (HR 0.86; CI 0.55-1.34), ischemic stroke (HR 0.92; CI 0.59-1.45), cardiovascular death (HR 1.01; CI 0.72-1.40), or all-cause mortality (HR 0.81; CI 0.66-1.003), but with an increased risk of severe hypoglycemia (HR 2.83; CI 1.64-4.88).The nonspecific, long-acting sulfonylureas glyburide and glimepiride do not have an increased risk of cardiovascular adverse events compared with the specific, short-acting sulfonylureas gliclazide, glipizide, and tolbutamide. However, nonspecific, long-acting sulfonylureas glyburide and glimepiride have an increased risk of severe hypoglycemia.
Challenging the concept of adding more drugs in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Caio J. C. dos Santos Fernandes, Marc Humbert, Rogerio Souza
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

The management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has evolved significantly in the last three decades based on the development of drugs which target three biochemical pathways involved in pulmonary vascular homeostasis: the nitric oxide (NO) pathway, the endothelin pathway and the prostacyclin pathway \[1]. Initially employed as monotherapies, these new drugs changed PAH outcomes and had a direct impact on survival [2]. However, monotherapy proved over time to be insufficient for the vast majority of PAH patients and the next natural step in decreasing the still unacceptable lethality of PAH was the association of two or more drugs targeting distinct pathways. Results from two large randomised controlled trials demonstrated that the addition of a second or third drug in combination with an already established background therapy could significantly slow disease progression [3, 4], reinforcing the concept that more drugs can lead to greater benefit. This concept was further stressed by studying the upfront use of combination therapy. In the ambrisentan and tadalafil in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (AMBITION) trial [5], the combined use of an endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) and a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE5i) proved to be better than the use of either compound alone in decreasing the risk of clinical failure events. Successful use of initial double or triple combination therapies was also reported in multi-centre registry studies [6, 7]. These large trials and registries provided the basis for the current European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) guidelines in which the use of combination therapy should be considered early, according to the stratification of the risk of death [8\] (figure 1). A "switch" strategy might represent an alternative for well-selected patients in PAH <http://ow.ly/ppEt30enWo0>
Measuring the Cost of Quality Measurement
Authors: Mark A. Schuster, Sarah E. Onorato, David O. Meltzer
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Durvalumab after Chemoradiotherapy in Stage III Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Scott J Antonia, Augusto Villegas, Davey Daniel, David Vicente, Shuji Murakami, Rina Hui, Takashi Yokoi, Alberto Chiappori, Ki H Lee, Maike de Wit, Byoung C Cho, Maryam Bourhaba, Xavier Quantin, Takaaki Tokito, Tarek Mekhail, David Planchard, Young-Chul Kim, Christos S Karapetis, Sandrine Hiret, Gyula Ostoros, Kaoru Kubota, Jhanelle E Gray, Luis Paz-Ares, Javier de Castro Carpeño, Catherine Wadsworth, Giovanni Melillo, Haiyi Jiang, Yifan Huang, Phillip A Dennis, Mustafa Özgüroğlu
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Most patients with locally advanced, unresectable, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have disease progression despite definitive chemoradiotherapy (chemotherapy plus concurrent radiation therapy). This phase 3 study compared the anti-programmed death ligand 1 antibody durvalumab as consolidation therapy with placebo in patients with stage III NSCLC who did not have disease progression after two or more cycles of platinum-based chemoradiotherapy.