tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endocrine Glands and the Sympathetic System.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AB0851 Zoledronate audit – are we meeting european guidelines?
Authors: N Begum, A Khan, A Nandagudi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Zoledronate is recommended by European guidelines for the treatment of osteoporosis particularly where first-line oral drugs are ineffective or contraindicated. EULAR9s guidelines are complimented by UK organisations including the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE), National Osteoporosis Guidelines Group (NOGG), British Society of Rheumatology (BSR) and the National Osteoporosis Society (NOS). <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of our audit was to ascertain whether our use of zoledronate was compliant with current guidelines and review the real life experience. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed a retrospective audit of fifty patients who were commenced on zoledronate for the treatment of osteoporosis during 2012–2016 in our Trust. Data gathered included the reasons for commencement, whether patients had appropriate monitoring and the effect it had on DEXA and FRAX scores. <h3>Results</h3> The age ranged from 44–88 years; 67% were between 60–80 years with 80% females. Vertebral fragility fractures were the most common type of fracture (42%). Zoledronate was commenced primarily because of either intolerance or inefficacy to oral anti-osteoporotic treatment (Table 1). It was commenced as first line in 20% because of contraindications to oral drugs. Almost 70% of our patients received zoledronate for two or three years. There was an improvement by 43% and 38% in the DEXA t-score for the spine and hip respectively. Stable t-scores were recorded for the spine and hip in 49% and 54% respectively, whereas 8% deteriorated. Three patients sustained a fragility fracture and a further 11 experienced side effects (Table 2); five patients consequently stopped treatment. Only 3% had recorded FRAX scores pre- or post-zoledronate treatment. All of our patients had their calcium and renal function measured before each zoledronate infusion whilst over 80% had their vitamin D checked. All of our patients had dental checks prior to treatment. Following post-treatment DEXA scans 46% continued zoledronate and 16% were on a drug-free holiday. A third were switched to denosumab due to ineffectiveness, side effects or contraindications. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The majority of our patients had improvements or stability in bone mineral density T-scores with only 20% experiencing side effects. Our results show that the vast majority of our patients are treated with zoledronate in concordance with guidelines. Nonetheless we can make improvements in recording FRAX scores and monitoring vitamin D levels. This has been highlighted to the multidisciplinary osteoporosis team and changes have been instigated. We plan to re-audit in due course. <h3>References</h3> Kanis JA, McCloskey EV, Johansson H, Cooper C, Rizzoli R, Reginster JY. European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women J. ESCEO &amp; IOF. Osteoporos Int. 2013; 24: 23–57. Osteoporosis: Clinical guideline for prevention and treatment. NOGG. 2013. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
HIF-2α Promotes Dissemination of Plasma Cells in Multiple Myeloma by Regulating CXCL12/CXCR4 and CCR1
Authors: Kate Vandyke, Mara N. Zeissig, Duncan R. Hewett, Sally K. Martin, Krzysztof M. Mrozik, Chee Man Cheong, Peter Diamond, L. Bik To, Stan Gronthos, Daniel J. Peet, Peter I. Croucher, Andrew C.W. Zannettino
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Disease progression and relapse in multiple myeloma is dependent on the ability of the multiple myeloma plasma cells (PC) to reenter the circulation and disseminate throughout the bone marrow. Increased bone marrow hypoxia is associated with increased recirculation of multiple myeloma PCs. Accordingly, we hypothesized that during chronic hypoxia, activation of HIF-2α may overcome the bone marrow retention signal provided by stromal-derived CXCL12, thereby enabling dissemination of multiple myeloma PCs. Here we demonstrate that HIF-2α upregulates multiple myeloma PC CXCL12 expression, decreasing migration toward CXCL12 and reducing adhesion to mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro We also found that HIF-2α strongly induced expression of the chemokine receptor CCR1 in multiple myeloma PCs. CCR1 activation potently induces multiple myeloma PC migration toward CCL3 while abrogating the multiple myeloma PC migratory response to CXCL12. In addition, increased CCR1 expression by multiple myeloma PCs conferred poor prognosis in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients and was associated with an increase in circulating multiple myeloma PCs in these patients. Taken together, our results suggest a role for hypoxia-mediated CCR1 upregulation in driving the egress of multiple myeloma PCs from the bone marrow. Targeting CCR1 may represent a novel strategy to prevent dissemination and overt relapse in multiple myeloma. Cancer Res; 77(20); 5452-63. ©2017 AACR.
Dietary Fat Intake and Survival With Breast Cancer
Authors: David I. Gregorio, James R. Marshall
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Dietary Fat Intake and Survival With Breast Cancer David I. Gregorio, David I. Gregorio Department of Social and Preventive Medicine State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo, New York 14214 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James R. Marshall James R. Marshall Department of Social and Preventive Medicine State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo, New York 14214 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 77, Issue 4, October 1986, Page 990, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/77.4.990 Published: 01 October 1986
バイオ機能化絹ヒドロゲルマイクロ流体システム【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Zhao Siwei, Chen Ying, P Partlow Benjamin, S Golding Anne, Tseng Peter, Coburn Jeannine, B Applegate Matthew, E Moreau Jodie, G Omenetto Fiorenzo, L Kaplan David
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
エンドソームの酸性pHで溶解性転換する自己集合性1.8kDaポリエチレンイミンはプラスミドDNA,mRNA,siRNAとエクソン‐スキッピングオリゴヌクレオチドの運搬輸送体である
Authors: Chiper Manuela, Tounsi Nassera, Kole Ryszard, Kichler Antoine, Zuber Guy
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2017)
Canakinumab for Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: Carine Houriet, S. Morteza Seyed Jafari, Rahel Thomi, Christoph Schlapbach, Luca Borradori, Nikhil Yawalkar, Robert E. Hunger
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Sunburn and ambient temperature
Authors: B. Diffey
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

On days during the summer months when high temperatures are expected, weather forecasters frequently warn about the dangers of UV and high UV indices. It is not surprising, therefore, that it is a common belief that high ambient air temperatures are a major risk factor for burning. Although the UV index is generally higher on cloudless, hot days compared with cloudy, cool days, reliance should not be placed on ambient temperature alone as a guide to the need for sun protection.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Abstract 15981: Detailed Assessment of Biventricular Pacing Effects Utilizing Non-Invasive Electrical Activation Mapping
Authors: Abraham W van der Graaf, Peter M van Dam, Vincent J van Driel, Hemanth Ramanna, Heidi A Peeters, Michael M Laks, Marco J Götte
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Purpose: Identification of proper candidates for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) remains challenging. Currently used selection tools and optimization strategies are associated with a 30% non-response rate. Therefore, a novel non-invasive electrical activation mapping technique was applied in CRT candidates. This study was conducted to determine whether this technique could accurately identify lead position and left ventricular (LV) pacing offset in CRT patients.   Methods:  In 8 patients, a patient specific 3D volume conductor model was reconstructed from MRI images. Body surface potentials were recorded from 65 torso electrodes before and after implantation of a biventricular pacing device. During the post-implant recording, LV pacing offset was varied with 10ms intervals. Ventricular activation maps were computed for each offset, using the fastest route based activation imaging method.   Results:  In all patients lead positions were correctly identified. Variations in ventricular activation sequence, due to various pacing offsets, were detected with a temporal resolution of 10ms (figure 1B+C).   Conclusion:  Non-invasive ventricular activation mapping correctly identified left and right lead positions in CRT patients. The complete ventricular activation sequence was visualized during various pacing offsets. This technique offers the prospect to improve selection of CRT candidates, guidance of lead positioning and may be of advantage for CRT optimization. Figure 1: Left panel (A): Ventricular activation map during LV pacing merged with a fluoroscopic recording in LAO view. The site of earliest activation (pink) corresponds with the position of the LV lead. Right panel: Ventricular activation maps during programmed LV offset of 50ms (B), 40ms (C), RV pacing (D) and simultaneous pacing (E). Activation time in milliseconds.
Trends in Deaths Involving Heroin and Synthetic Opioids Excluding Methadone, and Law Enforcement Drug Product Reports, by Census Region — United States, 2006–2015
Authors: Julie K. O’Donnell, R. Matthew Gladden, Puja Seth
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

Opioid overdose deaths quadrupled from 8,050 in 1999 to 33,091 in 2015 and accounted for 63% of drug overdose deaths in the United States in 2015. During 2010-2015, heroin overdose deaths quadrupled from 3,036 to 12,989 (1). Sharp increases in the supply of heroin and illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF) are likely contributing to increased deaths (2-6). CDC examined trends in unintentional and undetermined deaths involving heroin or synthetic opioids excluding methadone (i.e., synthetic opioids)* by the four U.S. Census regions during 2006-2015. Drug exhibits (i.e., drug products) obtained by law enforcement and reported to the Drug Enforcement Administration's (DEA's) National Forensic Laboratory Information System (NFLIS) that tested positive for heroin or fentanyl (i.e., drug reports) also were examined. All U.S. Census regions experienced substantial increases in deaths involving heroin from 2006 to 2015. Since 2010, the South and West experienced increases in heroin drug reports, whereas the Northeast and Midwest experienced steady increases during 2006-2015.† In the Northeast, Midwest, and South, deaths involving synthetic opioids and fentanyl drug reports increased considerably after 2013. These broad changes in the U.S. illicit drug market highlight the urgent need to track illicit drugs and enhance public health interventions targeting persons using or at high risk for using heroin or IMF.
Abstract P292: Possible Mechanism and Potential Markers for Ozone-Induced Cardiac Toxicity
Authors: Rajat Sethi, Rama S Perepu, Magdalena Ramirez, Ashoka Bandla, Shubham Manchanda, Carlos Garcia, David Dostal
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

A significant number of deaths each year in the US have been linked to environmental pollutants such as ozone (O 3 ). Earlier studies from our laboratory have shown that myocardial dysfunction, subsequent to chronic O 3 exposure, in normal adult rats may be associated with a decrease in antioxidant reserve and with an increased activity of inflammatory mediators. The present study tested the hypothesis that O 3 induced cardiac dysfunction in healthy normal adult rats may be due to changes in caveolin-1 and caveolin-3 levels. Sprague Dawley rats were exposed 8 hr/day for 28 and 56 days to filtered air or 0.8 ppm O 3 . In order to assess the chronic effects to O 3 , in-vivo cardiac function was assessed by measuring left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), 24 hr after termination of O 3 exposure. Compared to rats exposed to filtered air, LVDP values significantly decreased in all O 3 exposed animals. This attenuation of cardiac function was associated with increased myocardial TNF-alpha (TNF-α) levels and decreased myocardial activities of superoxidase dismutase (SOD). Progressive increases in the expression of myocardial TNF-α in 4 and 8 week O 3 exposed animals were followed by decreases in cardiac caveolin-1 levels. However, differential changes in the expression of caveolin-3 in hearts from 4 and 8 week O 3 exposed animals were independent of intra-cardiac TNF-α levels. These novel findings suggest the interesting possibility that a balance between caveolin-1 and caveolin-3 may be involved in O 3 - mediated cardiac toxicity. Furthermore, differential changes in caveolin-3 content may serve as a marker that predicts moderate and chronic stages of cardiac injury specific to exposure to O 3 in human populations residing in urban areas with unhealthy levels of O 3 . The study is timely and has clinical significance related to environmental causes of cardiovascular disease. This novel study will form a basis for future studies to understand and define the various components of the mechanistic cascade responsible for generation of cell death signaling subsequent to O 3 exposure. The long-term goal of this study is in guiding regulatory policies to the USEPA regarding air quality standards pertaining to O 3 levels.
シクロパミンは腫瘍細胞外マトリックスを破壊し,膵臓癌におけるナノセラピューティクスの分布と効果を改善する【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Zhang Bo, Jiang Ting, Shen Shun, She Xiaojian, Tuo Yanyan, Hu Yu, Pang Zhiqing, Jiang Xinguo
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
The role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis
Authors: M Salimi, J Barlow, S Saunders, L Xue, D Gutowska-Owsiak, X Wang, Huang L-C., D Johnson, S Scanlon, A McKenzie, P Fallon, G Ogg
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)
FRI0048 The ANTI-CD20 antibody rituximab reduces the inflammatory and prothrombotic profile of leukocytes from rheumatoid arthritis patients and modulates the activity of endothelial cells
Authors: I Cecchi, C Perez-Sanchez, P Ruiz-Limon, I Arias de la Rosa, MC Abalos-Aguilera, Y Jimenez-Gomez, R Ortega, E Collantes-Estevez, A Escudero, N Barbarroja, S Sciascia, C Lopez-Pedrera
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Rituximab (RTX) has been shown to be successful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), indicating that B cells have an important role in this disease. <h3>Objectives</h3> The present study was undertaken to investigate the mechanisms of action of RTX on the immune and endothelial cells (EC) of the vascular system in the setting of RA. <h3>Methods</h3> Purified lymphocytes from five RA patients with high disease activity were treated with RTX (1ug/mL) for 24 hours. Then, the depletion of B cells was assessed by flow cytometry, and the changes occurred in the inflammatory profile of T-lymphocytes was analysed by RT-PCR. In a second set of experiments, to evaluate the influence of B-cell depletion on the inflammatory/prothrombotic profile of cells belonging to the vascular system, supernatants from cultured lymphocytes of RA patients in the presence or in the absence of RTX were added to isolated monocytes from AR patients and to cultured endothelial cells. The response to RTX was then examined. <h3>Results</h3> As expected, RTX promoted a significant depletion of B-cells. In parallel, the inflammatory profile of T lymphocytes from RA patients was downregulated, as shown by a significant drop of IL-1, IL-6, IL-17, IFN and TNF expression levels, thus suggesting that the anti-inflammatory effects of RTX might be related to B cell depletion. Supernatants from RTX-treated lymphocytes further abridged the prothrombotic profile of RA-monocytes, promoting a significant inhibition of TF, MCP-1, IL-8, IL-1 and VEGF-A gene expression. Moreover, endothelial cells, activated after treatment with supernatants from cultured RA-lymphocytes, showed reduced expression of cell-adhesion molecules (i.e. V-CAM, I-CAM, E-Selectin) and pro-thrombotic factors (i.e. TF, VEGF, IL-8) after treatment with supernatants from cultured RA-lymphocytes in the presence of RTX. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Overall, these results reveal that depletion of B-cells by RTX in RA influences the inflammatory profile of T lymphocytes, as well as their interaction with monocytes and ECs, thus modulating the inflammatory and prothrombotic shape of vascular cells in the setting of RA. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Supported by CTS-794, ISCIII (PI15/01333; RIER RD16/0012/0015) <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
OP0086 The fully human anti-tnf monoclonal antibody, adalimumab (d2e7), dose ranging study: the 24-week clinical results in patients with active ra on methotrexate therapy (the armada trial)
Authors: E Keystone, ME Weinblatt, M Weisman, D Furst, H Paulus, C Birbara, S Fischkoff, EK Chartash
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of adalimumab (D2E7), given subcutaneously in combination with methotrexate (MTX) to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who are partial responders to MTX treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> The ARMADA Trial was a double-blind placebo controlled study of 271 patients who had active RA despite concurrent stable doses of MTX. The patients were randomised to receive placebo or the fully human anti TNF monoclonal antibody, adalimumab (D2E7), at one of 3 doses (20, 40 and 80 mg every other week). Baseline demographic characteristics included: 76.8% females, 81% rheumatoid factor positivity, mean age 55.5 years, mean duration of RA 12.3 years, mean dose of MTX 16.8 mg/week, mean number of previous DMARDs 3.0. These characteristics were well matched between treatment groups. <h3>Results</h3> Clinical efficacy results for the placebo controlled 24-week period are displayed in the Table 1 below. Adverse events in the adalimumab (D2E7) groups are similar to placebo. Only injection site reactions occurred more frequently with adalimumab (D2E7) in 14.8% of the patients versus 3.2% in the placebo group. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The efficacy of the fully human anti-TNFα monoclonal antibody, adalimumab (D2E7), in addition to MTX in patients with longstanding RA is significantly better than placebo when given every other week subcutaneously. The ACR50 and ACR70 responses were impressive in this group of patients with refractory RA.
The biology of Hepatocellular carcinoma: implications for genomic and immune therapies
Authors: Galina Khemlina, Sadakatsu Ikeda, Razelle Kurzrock
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2017)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer, is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. It is highly refractory to most systemic therapies. Recently, significant progress has been made in uncovering genomic alterations in HCC, including potentially targetable aberrations. The most common molecular anomalies in this malignancy are mutations in the TERT promoter, TP53, CTNNB1, AXIN1, ARID1A, CDKN2A and CCND1 genes. PTEN loss at the protein level is also frequent. Genomic portfolios stratify by risk factors as follows: (i) CTNNB1 with alcoholic cirrhosis; and (ii) TP53 with hepatitis B virus-induced cirrhosis. Activating mutations in CTNNB1 and inactivating mutations in AXIN1 both activate WNT signaling. Alterations in this pathway, as well as in TP53 and the cell cycle machinery, and in the PI3K/Akt/mTor axis (the latter activated in the presence of PTEN loss), as well as aberrant angiogenesis and epigenetic anomalies, appear to be major events in HCC. Many of these abnormalities may be pharmacologically tractable. Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors is also emerging as an important treatment option. Indeed, 82% of patients express PD-L1 (immunohistochemistry) and response rates to anti-PD-1 treatment are about 19%, and include about 5% complete remissions as well as durable benefit in some patients. Biomarker-matched trials are still limited in this disease, and many of the genomic alterations in HCC remain challenging to target. Future studies may require combination regimens that include both immunotherapies and molecularly matched targeted treatments.