tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Change in Pattern of Secondary Cancers After Kaposi Sarcoma in the Era of Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Fahad Mukhtar, Mmadili Ilozumba, Ovie Utuama, Oguz Cimenler
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Studies performed in the 1980s and early 1990s have shown that people who develop Kaposi sarcoma (KS) are at higher risk of developing other cancers. The demographics of those affected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS and KS have changed, and individuals with HIV/AIDS and KS now live longer.To test the hypothesis that the secondary cancers developing in patients with KS have changed in recent years and to assess the risk of secondary cancers after KS in different periods.Longitudinal data from 9 cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were used to identify cases of KS diagnosed from January 1973 to December 2013. The dates of the analysis were November 2016 to February 2017.The primary outcome was the development of secondary cancers in individuals with KS. Secondary cancers were considered only if diagnosed 2 months after a diagnosis of KS. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for the development of new secondary cancers in the pre-AIDS era (1973-1979), pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era (1980-1995), and HAART era (1996-2013). Stratified analysis was then performed on a subset of the cases diagnosed from 1996 to 2013 based on age at diagnosis (<65 and ≥65 years), latency period between KS and the development of secondary cancers (1 year, 2-5 years, >5 to 10 years, and >10 years), and registries with higher vs lower reported rates of HIV/AIDS.Among 14 905 individuals with diagnosed KS, 13 721 (92.1%) were younger than 65 years at the time of diagnosis, and 14 356 (96.3%) were male. From 1980 to 1995, SIRs were 2.01 (95% CI, 1.00-3.60) for cancer of the rectum, 49.70 (95% CI, 33.53-70.94) for cancer of the anus, 4.98 (95% CI, 2.79-8.22) for cancer of the liver, 13.70 (95% CI, 2.82-40.03) for cancer of the cervix, 6.40 (95% CI, 2.76-12.60) for Hodgkin lymphoma, and 48.97 (95% CI, 44.85-53.36) for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. From 1996 to 2013, cancer of the anus, Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and cancer of the liver remained associated with KS, with the addition of the following significant SIRs: 6.99 (95% CI, 3.20-13.27) for cancer of the tongue, 10.28 (95% CI, 1.24-37.13) for cancer of the penis, and 17.62 (95% CI, 3.63-51.49) for acute lymphocytic leukemia. The SIR of developing any tumor after KS decreased significantly from 3.36 to 1.94 from the pre-HAART era to the HAART era.There has been a significant decline in the overall risk of secondary cancers after KS. Certain cancers, including acute lymphocytic leukemia, cancer of the tongue, and cancer of the penis, are increasingly becoming more common in the HAART era compared with the pre-HAART era. Close monitoring and screening for these secondary cancers is desirable in patients with KS.
Dickkopf‐1は直接的に,またニッチを介した機構により造血系の再生を促進する
Authors: Himburg Heather A, Quarmyne Mamle, Yan Xiao, Sasine Joshua, Zhao Liman, Kan Jenny, Pohl Katherine A, Tran Evelyn, Chute John P, Doan Phuong L, Chao Nelson J, Harris Jeffrey R, Hancock Grace
Journal: Nature Medicine (2017)
金ナノロッドを用いた標的熱ショック蛋白質70は低用量プラズモン光熱療法における癌細胞アポトーシスを増強する【Powered by NICT】
Authors: R K Ali Moustafa, R Ali Hala, R Rankin Carl, A El-Sayed Mostafa
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Early detection of HIV infection and of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men
Authors: J. Coll, S. Videla, A. Leon, A. Ornelas, F. García, E. Fernández, J.L. Blanco, A. Carrillo, I. Bravo, M. Meulbroek, F. García-Cuyas, V. González, J. Casabona, L. Leal, B. Clotet, C. Brander, C. Brander, B. Clotet, J. Coll, I. Bravo, A. Chamorro, F. García-Cuyas, A. Ornelas, M. Piñol, B. Revollo, G. Sirera, S. Videla, J.L. Blanco, E. Fernández, F. García, J.M. Gatell, L. Leal, A. Leon, A. Carrillo, E. Ditzel, M. Meulbroek, F. Pujol, J. Saz, H. Taboada, J. Casabona, L. Ferrer, V. González
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2017)
Review: Osteoporosis drugs may improve BMD and reduce fractures in some patients with CKD
Authors: Susan M. Ott
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Source Citation Wilson LM, Rebholz CM, Jirru E, et al. Benefits and harms of osteoporosis medications in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166:649-58. 28395318
Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence Monitored via an Auto-triggered External Loop Recorder for 7 Days after Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Authors: Hama Yoshiyuki, Matsudo Yuji, Kuwahara Taishi, Hashimoto Osamu, Terabayashi Ikuto, Ge Bei, Tanaka Shuzo, Tonoike Norimasa, Hou Kyokushi, Sekine Tai, Fujimoto Yoshihide, Yamamoto Masashi, Himi Toshiharu
Journal: Circulation (2016)
β-Hydroxybutyrate: A Signaling Metabolite
Authors: John C. Newman, Eric Verdin
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (2017)

Various mechanisms in the mammalian body provide resilience against food deprivation and dietary stress. The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is synthesized in the liver from fatty acids and represents an essential carrier of energy from the liver to peripheral tissues when the supply of glucose is too low for the body's energetic needs, such as during periods of prolonged exercise, starvation, or absence of dietary carbohydrates. In addition to its activity as an energetic metabolite, BHB is increasingly understood to have cellular signaling functions. These signaling functions of BHB broadly link the outside environment to epigenetic gene regulation and cellular function, and their actions may be relevant to a variety of human diseases as well as human aging.
Abstract O.49: Factors Associated with Development of Coronary Artery Aneurysms after Kawasaki Disease are Generally Similar for Those Treated Promptly Versus Those with Delayed or No Treatment
Authors: Mallory L Downie, Cedric Manlhiot, Tanveer H Collins, Nita Chahal, Rae S Yeung, Brian W McCrindle
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: While the risk is reduced, patients may develop coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) after Kawasaki disease (KD) despite receiving intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) within 10 days of onset of symptoms. Risk factors for CAA may differ compared to those patients with delayed or no treatment. Methods: Patients diagnosed with KD between 1990 and 2013 were included. Patients with maximum coronary artery z-scores &gt;5 were classified as having CAA. Separate multivariable regression models were used to determine factors associated with CAA for those with vs. without prompt treatment. Results: Of 1,358 patients included, 83% were treated with IVIG within 10 days and 5.4% developed CAA. Patients who had delayed (&gt;10 days) or no IVIG treatment were at increased odds of developing CAA (OR: 3.1, p&lt;0.001). From 1990-2013, the proportion of patients treated promptly increased (OR: 1.05/year, p=0.006) while the total duration of fever decreased (EST: -0.10 (0.03) days/year, p=0.001). These trends were associated with a shift such that a greater proportion of the patients who developed CAA actually had been treated promptly (from &lt;25% in 1990 to &gt;70% in 2013, OR: 1.1/year, p=0.01). For patients with prompt treatment with IVIG, factors associated with increased odds of CAA were: longer duration of fever prior to treatment (OR: 1.2/day, p=0.04), age &lt;1 year old (OR 3.9, p=0.001), higher pre-IVIG white blood cell count (OR: 1.05/x10 9 /L, p=0.007), lower hemoglobin (OR: 1.4/g/L, p=0.004) and non-response to the initial IVIG treatment (OR: 2.5, p&lt;0.001). For patients with delayed or no treatment, factors associated with increased odds of CAA were: males (OR: 5.4, p=0.009), age &lt;1 year old (OR: 29.9, p&lt;0.001), lower red blood cell count (OR: 2.5/-0.5 x10 12 /L, p=0.01) and higher platelet count at diagnosis (OR: 1.4/100x10 12 /L, p=0.001). Additionally, delayed treatment with IVIG did not reduce the risk of CAA (OR: 1.9, p=0.28), and total duration of fever was not associated with CAA for this group (OR: 1.04/day, p=0.16). . Conclusions: Factors associated with the development of CAA are generally similar for those treated promptly vs. those with delayed or no treatment. For those with delayed diagnosis, treatment with IVIG does not appear to be effective to prevent CAA.
Guanidinylated Neomycin Conjugation Enhances Intranasal Enzyme Replacement in the Brain
Authors: Wenyong Tong, Chrissa A. Dwyer, Bryan E. Thacker, Charles A. Glass, Jillian R. Brown, Kristina Hamill, Kelley W. Moremen, Stéphane Sarrazin, Philip L.S.M. Gordts, Lara E. Dozier, Gentry N. Patrick, Yitzhak Tor, Jeffrey D. Esko
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2017)
Effect of ramipril on mortality and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure
Authors: DG Julian, AJ Moss, GD Murray, PA Poole-Wilson, ML Simoons, SG Ball, N Bender, Jgf Cleland, DL Clement, PJ Commerford, S Dalla Volta, C Delagardelle, L Erhardt, W Fennell, AS Hall, R Hopf, S Jagerholm, M Jolly, W Klein, MG Niemeyer, S Rasmussen, MA Riccitelli, L Richardson, PD Stonier, H-P Vogelin, C Winter
Journal: The Lancet (1993)
Understanding Peripartum Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zoltan Arany
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2017)

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is the unexplained loss of maternal cardiac systolic function in the period surrounding parturition. PPCM affects women worldwide and is a leading cause of maternal mortality. The cause of PPCM has remained elusive until recently. We review here the epidemiology of PPCM, recent findings that strongly indicate hormonal and genetic contributions to the development of PPCM, and implications for the management of women with PPCM.
Clinical study of nab-paclitaxel in combination with S-1 as first-line therapy in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Yi Hu, Danyang Sun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e15765 Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the highest cancer-mortality diseases worldwide with limited treatment. Most patients had local advanced or metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Gemcitabine-based therapy has been standard regimen in the past few decades. It is necessary to find new strategies of treatment. Methods: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel in combination with S-1 as first-line therapy in advanced pancreatic cancer. We retrospectively evaluated 79 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer from 2014 to 2016 treated in our medical center. All the patients received at least two cycles of combination therapy. Nab-paclitaxel was administered 260mg/ m 2 as a total dose on day 1 and 5 or on day 1 and 8. S-1 was administered orally twice a day for 14 days according to body surface area. S-1 monotherapy was administered as maintenance treatment after 6 to 8 cycles of combination therapy until the progression of disease. Results: In all the 79 patients enrolled, the median age was 56, range from 36 to 77, 56 (70.9%) patients had KPS 90, 58 (73.4%) patients had multiple metastatic sites. The overall response rate was 51.9%; median progression-free survival was 5.7 months (95%CI 5.010-6.292); median overall survival was 11.9 months (95%CI 9.731-13.990). The efficacy of CA19-9 decrease &gt; 50% was significant higher compared with those of CA19-9 decrease &lt; 50%. Treatment was well tolerated. Grade 4 toxicity was only reported in neutropenia of 5 patients. Grade 3 adverse events include neutropenia in patients (13.9%), nausea and vomiting in one patient (1.3%), peripheral sensory in one patient (1.3%) and alopecia in 3 patients (3.8%). Conclusions: Nab-paclitaxel in combination with S-1 as first-line therapy demonstrated promising antitumor activity and well-tolerated toxicities and presents a new alternative for locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Abstract 8: Reprogramming of Adult Mammalian Cardiomyocytes Towards Proliferation and Regeneration Through Comparative Analyses of Epicardial and Myocardial Cells
Authors: Guo Huang, Justin Judd, Jonathan Lovas
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Heart development and regeneration require an elegant balance of cell proliferation and differentiation. In both adult zebrafish and neonatal mouse cardiac regeneration, new cardiomyocytes are shown to originate from pre-existing cardiomyocytes through de-differentiation of mature cells to the immature progenitor cell state, with developmental gene program reactivation and cell cycle reentry. Interestingly, after adult mammalian cardiac injury, both cardiac muscle cells and the epicardial cells that envelope the heart reinitiate developmental gene programs. However, adult epicardial cells are able to proliferate following injury but adult cardiomyocytes are not capable. We investigated the genetic circuitry of mouse epicardial cells and myocardial cells in different developmental stages and in response to injury. Such comparative analyses revealed a group of ~50 candidate genes that may be responsible for the permanent cell cycle arrest of cardiomyocytes. We generated adenoviruses that express these candidate genes individually, and demonstrated that the mixed viral pool possessed a robust activity to promote proliferation of adult mouse cardiomyocytes. Our comparative approach and functional screens may lead to identification of the dormant genetic circuitry in adult mammalian heart that can be reactivated to drive robust cardiomyocyte proliferation and regeneration.
THU0711 Impact of sports practice in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review of randomized controlled studies
Authors: L Bouleau, C Palazzo, M Kerzoncuf, T Pham
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> The recent update of the ASAS-EULAR management recommendations for axial spondyloarthritis highlights effectiveness of home exercises and physical therapy. However, the adherence rates to these structured exercises are low, what could limit their long-term effectiveness. An option could be to replace or to complete the practice of specific exercises with the regular practice of a recreational sport activity. Data concerning the effectiveness and tolerance of sports in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are scarce. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the tolerance and effectiveness of recreational sports practice on function, spinal mobility, disease activity, pain and quality of life in patients with AS. <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic review was performed according the PRISMA guidelines, using the following search engines: MEDLINE (Pubmed), COCHRANE Library, Google Scholar and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), completed by a manual research. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 1984 to September 2016, with participants with AS fulfilling the New York modified criteria, and interventions involving sports practice. We defined “sports” according to the MeSH definition as “Activities or games, usually involving physical effort or skill [with purpose of] pleasure, competition, and/or financial reward.” Exercise therapy and physiotherapy were not included in the research. The outcomes measured were the followings: stiffness/spinal mobility, function, disease activity, quality of life, pain, side effects. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. <h3>Results</h3> From the 40 studies identified after screening, only 5 articles were selected for eligibility. One study was excluded (poor quality). The 4 RCTs concerned a total of 187 AS patients. Interventions were Pilates, Tai Chi, swimming, walking, and exergames. Control groups received either no specific intervention or standard exercise therapy. The studies were too heterogeneous to be pooled but the comparisons inter and intra-groups in each study tended to show significant effectiveness of sports practice on function, activity and spinal mobility. Data on tolerance were scarce, but no significant side effect was reported. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Recreational sports practice may improve function, activity and spinal mobility in patients with AS. However, there are very few studies available, and evidence-level is low. More controlled randomized clinical trials should be conducted in the future to confirm the effectiveness and safety of sports in AS. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
OC-037 Does Learning of Illness Behaviour in Childhood Influence the development of Irritable Bowel Syndrome?: Abstract OC-037 Table 1
Authors: B T Theron, P Rastall, N Trudgill
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> We have previously shown that a twin with IBS was more likely to have a mother with IBS than a co-twin with IBS. This may be because learned illness behaviour in childhood is as important as genetic factors in the aetiology of IBS. We have examined the association of learned illness behaviour with IBS in our twin cohort. <h3>Methods</h3> 6552 unselected twins were asked to complete a validated questionnaire including the social learning of illness scale. IBS was categorised by Rome III criteria into 3 groups: extended criteria IBS, limited criteria IBS (symptoms more than once a week) and a medical IBS diagnosis. <h3>Results</h3> 4128 subjects replied (63%). 3349 were evaluable (91% female, median age 62 (IQR 53–69)). Univariate analysis revealed that only a medical diagnosis of IBS was associated with an increasing score on the social learning of illness scale (Table 1). Other factors associated with all three sub-types of IBS were increasing psychosomatic score, anxiety, female gender, younger age and having a parent with IBS. Social learning of illness behaviour and all these factors were independently associated with a medical diagnosis of IBS. Modelling of illness behaviour (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01–1.12, p = 0.04) and reinforcement of the sick role (1.1, 95% CI 1.01–1.2, p = 0.04) were found to be significant predictors of a medical diagnosis of IBS. However, encouragement of the sick role was not associated with a medical diagnosis of IBS. <h3>Conclusion</h3> A higher score for social learning of illness behaviour was associated with a medical diagnosis of IBS. This was independent of other risk factors for IBS. In our twin cohort, the aspects of learned illness behaviour which influenced the development of IBS were reinforcement of the sick role and modelling of illness behaviour. Social learning of illness behaviour did not appear to influence IBS as defined by Rome III criteria when a medical diagnosis was not made, suggesting that it drives health care seeking behaviour rather than necessarily being an aetiological factor for IBS. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
SP0039 How to evaluate the subtalar joint
Authors: A Iagnocco
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

The subtalar joint, also known as the talocalcaneal joint, is a synovial joint of the foot, that occurs between the talus and the calcaneus with the talus that is oriented slightly obliquely on the anterior surface of the calcaneus. The two bones articulate at two different sites (i.e. one anteriorly and one posteriorly). The <i>anterior talocalcaneal joint</i> is a convex area of the talus that fits on a concave surface of the calcaneus. The <i>posterior talocalcaneal joint</i> is formed by a concave surface of the talus and a convex surface of the calcaneus. The subtalar joint contributes to the dorsiflexion of the ankle. Three articulating facets (anterior, middle and posterior) are present between the talus and the calcaneus. The sustentaculum tali forms the floor of middle facet, and the anterior facet articulates with the head of the talus, and sits lateral and congruent to the middle facet. The posterior facet is the largest of the three, and separated from the others by the tarsal canal. The most relevant actions done by the joint are inversion and eversion of the foot. The subtalar joint can also be considered a combination of the anatomic subtalar joint discussed above, and the talocalcaneal part of the talocalcaneonavicular joint. When both those joints are accounted together, it allows for pronation and supination to occur. The subtalar joint is frequently involved in arthritis and, particularly in patients with previous sprains, secondary osteoarthritis can also occur. Symptoms of subtalar joint arthritis include pain, loss of motion through the joint9s range of motion, and difficulty walking on uneven surfaces. Among the imaging techniques that are appropriate for the assessment of the subtalar joint, ultrasound (US) has been increasingly used over the last years. Indeed it is able to image different abnormalities, including both inflammatory and structural changes, and it is helpful in guiding local procedures that can be easily and safely performed with optimal patient9s tolerance. The US scanning technique is quite complex, and the whole joint area should be scanned in the longitudinal (sagittal or coronal) plane with pathology that should be confirmed in the orthogonal (perpendicular) plane. By using a standardised scanning technique and agreed definitions of pathology, US allows an optimal assessment of inflammatory and structural abnormalities, thus filling the gap between clinical and radiographic evaluations of the subtalar joint. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Calprotectin as a marker of inflammation in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Maria Karolina Jonsson, Nina Paulshus Sundlisæter, Hilde Haugedal Nordal, Hilde Berner Hammer, Anna-Birgitte Aga, Inge Christoffer Olsen, Karl Albert Brokstad, Désirée van der Heijde, Tore K Kvien, Bjørg-Tilde Svanes Fevang, Siri Lillegraven, Espen A Haavardsholm
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

Calprotectin is an inflammatory marker of interest in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We evaluated whether the level of calprotectin was associated with disease activity, and if it was predictive of treatment response and radiographic progression in patients with early RA.Plasma from disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)-naïve patients with RA fulfilling 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria with symptom duration <2 years was analysed for calprotectin at baseline, and after 1, 3 and 12 months. All patients received treat-to-target therapy, as part of a randomised controlled strategy trial (ARCTIC). The association between calprotectin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C reactive protein (CRP) and measures of disease activity were assessed by correlations. We used likelihood ratios and logistic regression models to assess the predictive value of the baseline inflammatory markers for treatment response and radiographic damage.215 patients were included: 61% female, 82% anti-citrullinated peptide antibody positive, mean (SD) age 50.9 (13.7) years and median (25, 75 percentile) symptom duration 5.8 (2.8, 10.5) months. Calprotectin was significantly correlated with Clinical Disease Activity Index (r=0.32), ESR (r=0.50) and ultrasonography power Doppler (r=0.42) before treatment onset. After 12 months of treatment, calprotectin, but not ESR and CRP, was significantly correlated with power Doppler (r=0.27). Baseline levels of calprotectin, ESR and CRP were not predictive of treatment response, but high levels of calprotectin were associated with radiographic progression in multivariate models.Calprotectin was correlated with inflammation assessed by ultrasound before and during DMARD treatment, and was also associated with radiographic progression. The data support that calprotectin may be of interest as an inflammatory marker when assessing disease activity in different stages of RA.NCT01205854; Post-results.
高分子担体とパルミチン酸抱合siRNAの間の疎水性相互作用はPEG化ポリプレックス安定性を改善し,in vivoでの薬物動力学と腫瘍遺伝子サイレンシングを増強する【Powered by NICT】
Authors: M Sarett Samantha, A Werfel Thomas, Chandra Irene, A Jackson Meredith, E Kavanaugh Taylor, E Hattaway Madison, D Giorgio Todd, L Duvall Craig
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)