tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Does concussion history and post-injury sleep quantity influence neurocognitive scores following concussion in collegiate athletes?
Authors: NL Hoffman, ML Weber, JD Schmidt
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To determine if concussion history and post-concussion sleep quantity changes influence neurocognitive performance following concussion in collegiate athletes. It was hypothesised that athletes with a concussion history or shorter sleep duration following concussion would have poorer neurocognitive performance compared to athletes without a concussion history or greater sleep duration Design Prospective cohort. Setting Clinical Research Laboratory. Participants Twenty-eight collegiate athletes (21 males and 7 females: age=20.2 ± 1.7 years, height=182.2 ± 11.9 cm, mass=90.3 ± 24.2 kg) without history of: headaches or migraines, substances/alcohol abuse, and/or psychiatric conditions. Intervention Participants completed a preseason baseline and post-injury (PI) evaluation (1 day PI) using Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing Outcome measures Sleep change was calculated by subtracting post-injury sleep duration from baseline sleep duration. Athletes were categorised into either shorter sleep (&lt;-1 hour change) or longer/same sleep (≥−1 hour change) groups. Independent samples t-tests were conducted to compare neurocognitive composite scores (verbal memory, visual memory, visual motor speed, reaction time, impulse control) between concussion history and sleep quantity change groups (α=0.05) Main results Athletes with a concussion history had a faster reaction time (RT) (history:0.57±0.06 sec, no history:0.63±0.10 sec; p=0.048), but were more impulsive (history:8.55±5.87 errors, no history:4.18±3.89 errors; p=0.045) compared to those without a history of concussions. Neurocognitive performance did not differ between sleep quantity change groups. Conclusions Athletes with a concussion history may be quicker to respond to neurocognitive tasks, but commit greater number of errors. Post-concussion sleep quantity changes do not influence neurocognitive performance one day post-injury. Future research should consider effects of concussion history on RT and impulse assessments. Competing interests None.
A randomized comparison of darbepoetin alfa with epoetin for chemotherapy induced anemia in nonhematological tumors
Authors: A. A. Kotsori, C. G. Alexopoulos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

18554 Background: Although once weekly (QW) Darbepoetin is nowadays used for chemotherapy induced anemia by many oncologists, a head to head comparison with thrice weekly (TIW) Epoetin regimen has not been published so far. Methods: We randomly compared QW Darbepoetin alfa with TIW Epoetin in 110 cancer patients with chemotherapy induced anemia (Hb ≤ 11 gr%). Epoetin was administered at 10.000 U TIW (20.000 U in nonresponders after 4 weeks, Group A). Darbepoetin was administered at 150 mcg QW (300 mcg as above, Group B). Evaluation was performed on week 4 and 8 including QoL assessment using FACT- An scale. Results: In group A, Hb increased from 10.11 ± 0.94 at baseline to 11.02 ± 1.39 at 4 weeks (p = .000) and to 12.09 ± 1.78 at 8 weeks (p = .000). It also increased between week 4 and 8 (p = .000). In group B, Hb increased from 10.26 ± 0.81 at baseline to 10.91 ± 1.89 at 4 weeks (p = .003) and to 11.66 ± 2.25 at 8 weeks (p = .000). It also increased between week 4 and 8 (p = .001). In all 110 patients, Hb increased from 10.2 ± 0.87 at baseline to 10.95 ± 1.71 at 4 weeks (p= .000) and to 11.82 ± 2.08 at 8 weeks (p = .000). It also increased between week 4 and 8 (p = .000). Fifteen of 27 (55.6%) responding patients in group A had to double Epoetin dose versus 18 of 39 (46.2%) in group B (P = .61). Three patients in group A required transfusions compared with 9 in group B (p= .35). On an intent to treat analysis, RR, at 4 weeks, was 46.7% for Epoetin versus 40% for Darbepoetin (p =.56). At 8 weeks, it was 55.6% and 56.9%, respectively (p = NS). QoL analysis showed that mean physical, social, functional and emotional well-being scores as well as mean fatigue and non-fatigue subscale scores were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: Once weekly Darbepoetin is equally effective and more convenient therapy than thrice weekly Epoetin. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Current Strategies and Challenges for Purification of Cardiomyocytes Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Kiwon Ban, Seongho Bae, Young-sup Yoon
Journal: Theranostics (2017)

Cardiomyocytes (CMs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are considered a most promising option for cell-based cardiac repair.Hence, various protocols have been developed for differentiating hPSCs into CMs.Despite remarkable improvement in the generation of hPSC-CMs, without purification, these protocols can only generate mixed cell populations including undifferentiated hPSCs or non-CMs, which may elicit adverse outcomes.Therefore, one of the major challenges for clinical use of hPSC-CMs is the development of efficient isolation techniques that allow enrichment of hPSC-CMs.In this review, we will discuss diverse strategies that have been developed to enrich hPSC-CMs.We will describe major characteristics of individual hPSC-CM purification methods including their scientific principles, advantages, limitations, and needed improvements.Development of a comprehensive system which can enrich hPSC-CMs will be ultimately useful for cell therapy for diseased hearts, human cardiac disease modeling, cardiac toxicity screening, and cardiac tissue engineering.
The sport concussion baseline assessment: an investigation of sex and sport differences
Authors: Jacob E Resch, Samuel Walton, Jason Freeman, Donna Broshek
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To assess for sex and sport baseline differences for the Immediate Postconcussion and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) and Sensory Organisation Test (SOT) in collegiate athletes. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Research laboratory. Participants Participants consisted of 315 male (n=189) and female (n=126) division I collegiate athletes with an average of 19.5 + 1.34 and 19.3 + 1.31 years, respectively. Intervention Participants completed ImPACT and the SOT baseline assessments as part of their university concussion management protocol. Outcome measures Analyses of variance were used to assess for sex and sport differences for ImPACT’s Visual and Verbal Memory, Visual Motor Speed, and Reaction Time and the SOT’s composite scores. Post-hoc analyses were performed with Tukey’s test. All analyses were performed with α=.05. Main results In terms of sex, females scored significantly higher than males on ImPACT’s Verbal Memory (F (1,314)=4.85, p=0.03) and Visual Motor Speed (F (1,314)=4.51, p=0.03) composite scores. Within male sports, a significant difference was observed for the SOT composite score (F (6,181)=3.22, p=0.01). Within female sports, a significant difference was observed between sports for ImPACT’s Reaction Time composite score (F (6,125)=4.16, p=0.01). Conclusions Overall, sex as well as sport differences were observed for baseline ImPACT and SOT performance for one or more composite scores. Our results support the use of baseline assessments to account for performance differences between sex and sport. Competing interests None.
Outcome of breast cancer patients with stage I diesease: A retrospective analysis.
Authors: Aydin Ergun, Nadire Kucukoztas, Selim Yalcin, Samed Rahatli, Taner Babacan, Mahmut Can Yagmurdur, Ozgur Ozyilkan, Omer Dizdar, Ozden Altundag, Mustafa Kadri Altundag
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e11026 Background: Breast cancer is being diagnosed at earlier stages with the increasing use of screening mammography and public awareness. Treatment of stage I breast cancer is not established strictly and various prognostic and predictive factors are considered in treatment decisions. In this study, we aimed to determine feasible and reliable prognostic factors for using adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of stage I breast cancer. Methods: Patients with stage I breast cancer diagnosed in two centers, i.e. Baskent University and Hacettepe University, were retrospectively evaluated. Patient and tumor characteristics as well as patient outcomes in terms of DFS and OS were determined. Results: A total of 614 patients were identified. Median age was 50, and 44% were premenopausal. Patient characteristics were summarized in the table. Median follow-up was 38 months (6-369 mos). 38 patients relapsed on follow-up and 5 patients died. Seven of the relapses was locoregional, 29 were distant, including 10 with bone-only metastases, 19 with visceral metastases. Median DFS was 68 mos. Median OS was not reached. Five year DFS was 92% and 10 year DFS was 83%. 5 year OS was 96.8%. In multivariate analysis including age, hormone receptor status, cerbB2, grade, LV invasion, menopausal status and histological subtype, only grade 3 disease was shown to be associated with significantly increased relapse rate (OR 10, 95% CI; 1.15-86.9) Conclusions: In accordance with the pertinent literature, our findings suggest that tumor grade is strongly associated with higher risk of relapse. Further studies with molecular markers may provide beter prognostication and tailoring treatment according to the risk. [Table: see text]
The miRNA-193 Family Is a Potent Tumor-Suppressor and a Biomarker for Poor Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Razan Jammal, Kathrin Krowiorz, Nadine Haetscher, Stephan Emmrich, Arefeh Rouhi, Michael Heuser, Sabrina Bothur, Lars Bullinger, Konstanze Döhner, Courteney Lai, Tobias Maetzig, Askar Obulkasim, Vera Martins, Medhanie A. Mulaw, Jan Stary, Andre Baruchel, Valerie De Haas, Dirk Reinhardt, Hartmut Döhner, Jens Ruschmann, Michel Zwaan, Marry van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Dirk Heckl, Maarten Fornerod, R. Keith Humphries, Michael A Rieger, Florian Kuchenbauer, Jan-Henning Klusmann
Journal: Blood (2016)
Race vs Burden in Understanding Health Equity—Reply
Authors: David A. Kindig
Journal: JAMA (2017)

In Reply I appreciate the attention Dr Hardeman and colleagues have given to my Viewpoint, but I do not believe that my position can be seen as pitting black individuals against white individuals, nor did I suggest that burden should be favored over rate differences. I agree that racism is a socially defined determinant of health and that structural racism needs to be seriously addressed as a component of population health policy. But considering burden along with rate uncovers the parallel structural classism that Isenberg chronicled in her book, White Trash: The 400-Year Untold History of Class in America,1 which profoundly affects poor white individuals as well.
Effect of a Modified Hospital Elder Life Program on Delirium and Length of Hospital Stay in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Cheryl Chia-Hui Chen, Hsiu-Ching Li, Jin-Tung Liang, I-Rue Lai, Jerry Dwi Trijoyo Purnomo, Yi-Ting Yang, Been-Ren Lin, John Huang, Ching-Yao Yang, Yu-Wen Tien, Chiung-Nien Chen, Ming-Tsan Lin, Guan-Hua Huang, Sharon K. Inouye
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2017)

<h3>Importance</h3> Older patients undergoing abdominal surgery commonly experience preventable delirium, which extends their hospital length of stay (LOS). <h3>Objective</h3> To examine whether a modified Hospital Elder Life Program (mHELP) reduces incident delirium and LOS in older patients undergoing abdominal surgery. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cluster randomized clinical trial of 577 eligible patients enrolled 377 older patients (≥65 years of age) undergoing gastrectomy, pancreaticoduodenectomy, and colectomy at a 2000-bed urban medical center in Taipei, Taiwan, from August 1, 2009, through October 31, 2012. Consecutive older patients scheduled for elective abdominal surgery with expected LOS longer than 6 days were enrolled, with a recruitment rate of 65.3%. Participants were cluster randomized by room to receive the mHELP or usual care. <h3>Interventions</h3> The intervention (implemented by an mHELP nurse) consisted of 3 protocols administered daily: orienting communication, oral and nutritional assistance, and early mobilization. Intervention group participants received all 3 mHELP protocols postoperatively, in addition to usual care, as soon as they arrived in the inpatient ward and until hospital discharge. Adherence to protocols was tracked daily. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Presence of delirium was assessed daily by 2 trained nurses who were masked to intervention status by using the Confusion Assessment Method. Data on LOS were abstracted from the medical record. <h3>Results</h3> Of 577 eligible patients, 377 (65.3%) were enrolled and randomly assigned to the mHELP (n = 197; mean [SD] age, 74.3 [5.8] years; 111 [56.4%] male) or control (n = 180; mean [SD] age, 74.8 [6.0] years; 103 [57.2%] male) group. Postoperative delirium occurred in 13 of 196 (6.6%) mHELP participants vs 27 of 179 (15.1%) control individuals, representing a relative risk of 0.44 in the mHELP group (95% CI, 0.23–0.83;<i>P</i> = .008). Intervention group participants received the mHELP for a median of 7 days (interquartile range, 6–10 days) and had a shorter median LOS (12.0 days) than control participants (14.0 days) (<i>P</i> = .04). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> For older patients undergoing abdominal surgery who received the mHELP, the odds of delirium were reduced by 56% and LOS was reduced by 2 days. Our findings support using the mHELP to advance postoperative care for older patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. <h3>Trial Registration</h3> clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT01045330.
The effect of high-dose cholecalciferol on bioavailable vitamin D levels in critically ill patients: a post hoc analysis of the VITdAL-ICU trial
Authors: Gennaro Martucci, Fabio Tuzzolino, Antonio Arcadipane, Thomas R. Pieber, Christian Schnedl, Tadeja Urbanic Purkart, Gerlies Treiber, Karin Amrein
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2017)
Chapter XI: Body Weight Changes
Journal: Circulation (1968)

At baseline, the participants were over-weight in the same proportion as the general population. A significant positive correlation was found between relative body weights and serum cholesterol levels. During the first four months after diet change in the First Study, there was a substantial mean weight loss by men of the open centers of about six pounds, or about 3 per cent of mean weight of 178 pounds. Invariably greatest losses were observed in men on the B diet, that of lowest caloric density. Following this loss there was a slow tendency to regain weight during the next four months of the experimental period. Thereafter to the end of the Study mean weights were relatively stable. The Faribault Center changes were smaller throughout and the general tendency was a slight gain, amounting to less than two pounds by the end of the Study. Observed weight losses during the initial months did not correspond with total food energy intakes recorded by participants. The Food Records reported a greater decrease of intake than indicated by weight loss. The discrepancy is ascribed to incomplete reporting of intake, and/or to the possibility that intake was not entirely typical during weeks Food Records were kept. A similar early discrepancy was recorded in the Second Study, except for the Z (open control) group. After the twelfth week on assigned diet, correspondence between body weights and Food Record caloric values was reasonably close. Weights were stable during the Extended Study. During the Second Study, mean body weights in the open centers were much more stable than First Study weights; losses in the Second Study after change of diet were small.
Persistent Immune Stimulation Exacerbates Genetically Driven Myeloproliferative Disorders via Stromal Remodeling
Authors: Claudio Tripodo, Alessia Burocchi, Pier Paolo Piccaluga, Claudia Chiodoni, Paola Portararo, Barbara Cappetti, Laura Botti, Alessandro Gulino, Alessandro Isidori, Arcangelo Liso, Giuseppe Visani, Maria Paola Martelli, Brunangelo Falini, Pier Paolo Pandolfi, Mario P. Colombo, Sabina Sangaletti
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Systemic immune stimulation has been associated with increased risk of myeloid malignancies, but the pathogenic link is unknown. We demonstrate in animal models that experimental systemic immune activation alters the bone marrow stromal microenvironment, disarranging extracellular matrix (ECM) microarchitecture, with downregulation of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) and collagen-I and induction of complement activation. These changes were accompanied by a decrease in Treg frequency and by an increase in activated effector T cells. Under these conditions, hematopoietic precursors harboring nucleophosmin-1 (NPM1) mutation generated myeloid cells unfit for normal hematopoiesis but prone to immunogenic death, leading to neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. NET fostered the progression of the indolent NPM1-driven myeloproliferation toward an exacerbated and proliferative dysplastic phenotype. Enrichment in NET structures was found in the bone marrow of patients with autoimmune disorders and in NPM1-mutated acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients. Genes involved in NET formation in the animal model were used to design a NET-related inflammatory gene signature for human myeloid malignancies. This signature identified two AML subsets with different genetic complexity and different enrichment in NPM1 mutation and predicted the response to immunomodulatory drugs. Our results indicate that stromal/ECM changes and priming of bone marrow NETosis by systemic inflammatory conditions can complement genetic and epigenetic events towards the development and progression of myeloid malignancy. Cancer Res; 77(13); 3685-99. ©2017 AACR.
MEDU-47. PEROXIREDOXIN1 IS A THERAPEUTIC TARGET IN GROUP-3 MEDULLOBLASTOMAS
Authors: Babu Sajesh, Refaat Omar, Jessica Jarmasz, Hannah Stirton, Ludivine Morrison, W Wang, J Pu, HD Sun, Marc Del Bigio, Tamra Werbowetski-Ogilvie, Matthais Wolfl, Marc Remke, Michael Taylor, Charles Eberhart, Marc Symons, Rosamaria Ruggieri, Magimairajan Issai Vanan
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Group-3 Medulloblastomas (MBL) has the worst prognosis due to its resistance to radiation and chemotherapy with a 5-year survival of 30%. Thus, there is an urgent need to elucidate targets that can sensitize Group-3 tumors to conventional treatments. We identified PRDX1 as a candidate therapeutic target for therapy sensitization in group-3 tumors. PRDX1 catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. We hypothesized that inhibiting PRDX1 would lead to oxidative stress and increase susceptibility to ionizing radiation via extensive DNA damage. Accordingly, when PRDX1 was targeted using Adenanthin (specific chemical inhibitor) or RNAi, Group-3 MBL (D425-MED) cells were rendered hypersensitive to radiation. Mechanistically, targeting PRDX1 resulted in an increase in reactive oxygen species, extensive oxidative DNA damage and an induction of the apoptotic pathway. Similarly, overexpression of PRDX1 in MBL cells susceptible to radiation (DAOY, UW-228) resulted in radiation resistance. However targeting PRDX1 in normal astrocytes did not have any sensitization effects. The in-vitro results were validated in-vivo using flank tumors (Adenanthin) and an orthotopic murine model (both RNAi and Adenanthin) using Group-3 MBL cells (D425-MED) and patient derived xenografts (MB3W1). Briefly, mice bearing Group-3 MBL tumors (D425-MED / MB3W1) when subjected to treatment with Adenanthin combined with radiation achieved a synergistic increase in survival. To fully evaluate the therapeutic potential of PRDX1 across all groups of MBL, we determined the expression of PRDX1 in a validated MBL tumor micro-array (TMA) by immunohistochemistry and correlated it with patient characteristics, therapeutic response and clinical outcomes. We also evaluated the role of PRDX1 in Group-3 MBL stem cells with respect to radiation resistance, invasion and migration. The results from these experiments will be presented in the meeting. Our data suggest that PRDX1 is a therapeutic target in Group-3 MBL and Adenanthin as a small molecule inhibitor of PRDX1.
Return to academic activities after concussion in sport
Authors: Fanny Guérin
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective Identify the impact of postconcussion symptoms, cognitive change and psychologicalreactions on academic activities. Design Retrospective study on clinical evaluation and intervention; a prospective follow-up ofoutcome. Setting In a sport neuropsychogical clinic in Montreal, Quebec. Intervention The number and intensity of symptoms, the cognitivechanges (memory, attention), the psychological factors (anxiety, depression), and the delay after theconcussion are the independant variables. Outcome measures The capacity of following school part or full time is the dependant variable. Main results The noise and light sensitivity, the lack of cognitive endurance during learning, theattentional deficits and the performance anxiety in reaction to the difficulty to recover and to follownormally school activities compromise the academic functionning and force the students to quit school. Conclusions According to the results, a decision tool is created to help the evaluation and therecommandations of physician and neuropsychologist to individualise a return protocol to school. Competing interests The clinicial work of the author will be examined.
Diagnostic optique des polypes colorectaux: quelle classification utiliser à l'ère du Lasereo avec Blue Laser Imaging? Performance diagnostique des classifications WASP et Sano
Authors: J Dreanic, M Camus, M Barret, S Leblanc, V Abitbol, R Coriat, F Prat, S Chaussadel
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

L'identification per endoscopique précise des polypes colorectaux permettrait une résection sélective des lésions avancées, tout en laissant les petits polypes hyperplasiques non évolutifs dans le cadre d'une stratégie «resect and discard»[1]. Le Blue Laser Imaging (BLI) est un nouveau système de chromoendoscopie (Fujifim©) validé pour détecter les adénomes. La différenciation exacte entre adénome et polype hyperplasique reste difficile et de nouvelles classifications ont été développées pour améliorer la précision diagnostique. Récemment, un système de classification basé sur le Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) a été validé pour le diagnostic optique des adénomes, des polypes hyperplasiques et des polypes dentelés (SSA? Ps): la classification «Workgroup serrAted polypS and Polyposis (WASP)»[2]. De même, la classification de SANO a été validée dans cette indication en se basant sur le «pit pattern» et la vascularisation de la lésion[3]. Nous précisons la performance des classifications SANO et WASP dans le diagnostic optique des polypes à laide du BLI et de la magnification.
Spotlight on pomalidomide: could less be more?
Authors: T Zander, S Aebi, T Pabst, C Renner, C Driessen
Journal: Leukemia (2017)

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is among the most curable childhood cancers with a 90% overall survival in the good-risk category. 1Though the remission and cure rates among newly diagnosed patients have improved, the prognosis for those with relapsed disease remains poor.Better risk stratification integrating cytogenetics and genomics has enabled improvements in therapy and prediction of relapse.Recently the clinical utility of comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) has been recognized, in particular, for risk stratification of about 25-30% of childhood ALL