tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P180Transition from post- to combined pre-/post-capillary pulmonary hypertension: key role of endothelin
Authors: RWB Van Duin, K Stam, Z Cai, D J Duncker, I K Reiss, D Merkus
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2018)

coronary artery following acute myocardial infarction.Pulmonary vascular remodeling including changes in the intima, media and adventitia, is the key structural alteration in PH.However, the role of CD271þMSCs in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) are not well understood.Our objectives were to identify the role of CD271þMSCs in PB on the Patients diagnosed with PH.Methods: We selected patients diagnosed with PH, and examined their hemodynamic parameters including pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and cardiac index (CI) by right heart catheterization.We also mesured six minutes walking (6MWT), and enforced echocardiography and blood gas analysis.Secondly, we collected blood samples and separated PB mono-nuclear cells (PBMNCs) by density gradient centrifugation.Then, we performed cell surface antigen analysis, such as CD271þCD45dimþ, CD271þCD34þ, CD271þCD90þ, and CD271þVEGFR2þ cells in PBMNCs by flow cytometry.We compared clinical data and the frequency of CD271þMSCs in PBMNCs of patients with pulmonary hypertension.Moreover, nine patients could be followed along clinical course with drug addition in 24 months.We tried to analyze transition of the CD271þMSCs in PBMNCs and compared those change with clinical data.Results: We selected 22 patients who matched PH criteria (group 1; n¼8, group 4; n¼8).The mean of WHO functional class was 2.14, and mPAP was 38.9610.1mmHg.The average frequency of CD271þCD45dimþ in PBMNCs (0.045960.0376%), was higher in the patients with PH than those in patients with atrial fibrillation (n¼4), angina pectoris (n¼15), and healthy control (n¼5) (P<0.05).We also found that the frequency of CD271þMSCs in PBMNCs was correlated with PVR, CI, and SPO2 (P<0.05).On the other hands, that wasn't correlated with 6MWT and mPAP.Interestingly, the frequency of CD271þMSCs in PBMNCs was significantly reduced along with improving PH after medical intervention in 2-24 months follow up (P<0.05).Conclusion: These results suggest that CD271þMSCs in PBMNCs, derived from bone marrow to circulation, associated with the disease worsens in the case of PH.The frequency of CD271þMSCs in PBMNCs might be useful for estimation of disease severity and prognosis in PH patients.
JKB-121 in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A phase 2 double blind randomized placebo control study
Authors: A.M. Diehl, S. Harrison, S. Caldwell, M. Rinella, A. Paredes, C. Moylan, C. Guy, M. Bashir, Y. Wang, L. Miller, A. Chang, E. Sc Wu, M. Abdelmalek
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Collagen proportionate area is an independent predictor of short and long-term survival in patients with alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: M.G. Misas, A. Koutsoumarakis, A. Hall, C. Covelli, E. Buzzetti, L.I. Prat, D. Roccarina, T.V. Luong, M. Pinzani, E. Tsochatzis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
BMA can intervene in Bawa-Garba’s appeal against erasure, court rules
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2018)

The Court of Appeal has given permission for the BMA to intervene in Hadiza Bawa-Garba’s appeal against her erasure from the medical register.

The BMA applied to intervene in the case on behalf of the medical profession, to clarify the position of doctors who are convicted of a criminal offence, not just those convicted of gross negligence manslaughter.

After the court’s decision a BMA spokesperson said that the …
Incidence of pediatric atopic dermatitis following thymectomy: A Danish register study
Authors: J. P. Thyssen, Y. M. F. Andersen, H. Zhang, G. Gislason, L. Skov, A. Egeberg
Journal: Allergy (2018)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
GATA2 monoallelic expression underlies reduced penetrance in inherited GATA2-mutated MDS/AML
Authors: Ahad F. Al Seraihi, Ana Rio-Machin, Kiran Tawana, Csaba Bödör, Jun Wang, Ai Nagano, James A. Heward, Sameena Iqbal, Steven Best, Nicholas Lea, Donal McLornan, Emilia J. Kozyra, Marcin W. Wlodarski, Charlotte M. Niemeyer, Hamish Scott, Chris Hahn, Alicia Ellison, Hemanth Tummala, Shirleny Romualdo Cardoso, Tom Vulliamy, Inderjeet Dokal, Tom Butler, Matthew Smith, Jamie Cavenagh, Jude Fitzgibbon
Journal: Leukemia (2018)

Saudi Arabian Ministry of Higher Education through a doctoral scholarship awarded to A.F.A.S. and a Bloodwise Programme grant (14032) awarded to J.F., T.V., and I.D.
Sustained virologic response (SVR) to direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: F. Ji, M.T. Wei, Y.H. Yeo, B. Wei, E. Ogawa, D.H. Lee, M. Enomoto, H. Toyoda, M.B. Bass, J. Lubel, T. Ide, C.M. Preda, E. Iio, F. Conti, T. Minami, R. Bielen, H. Sezaki, M. Barone, P.-S. Chu, V. Virlogeux, D. Eurich, T. Kanai, S. Dang, Z. Li, N. Furusyo, F. Zoulim, P. Andreone, R.C. Cheung, Y. Tanaka, A. Tamori, M. Nguyen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Distribution of take-home opioid antagonist kits during a synthetic opioid epidemic in British Columbia, Canada: a modelling study
Authors: Michael A Irvine, Jane A Buxton, Michael Otterstatter, Robert Balshaw, Reka Gustafson, Mark Tyndall, Perry Kendall, Thomas Kerr, Mark Gilbert, Daniel Coombs
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2018)

BackgroundIllicit use of high-potency synthetic opioids has become a global issue over the past decade. This misuse is particularly pronounced in British Columbia, Canada, where a rapid increase in availability of fentanyl and other synthetic opioids in the local illicit drug supply during 2016 led to a substantial increase in overdoses and deaths. In response, distribution of take-home naloxone (THN) overdose prevention kits was scaled up (6·4-fold increase) throughout the province. The aim of this study was to estimate the impact of the THN programme in terms of the number of deaths averted over the study period.MethodsWe estimated the impact of THN kits on the ongoing epidemic among people who use illicit opioids in British Columbia and explored counterfactual scenarios for the provincial response. A Markov chain model was constructed explicitly including opioid-related deaths, fentanyl-related deaths, ambulance-attended overdoses, and uses of THN kits. The model was calibrated in a Bayesian framework incorporating population data between Jan 1, 2012, and Oct 31, 2016.Findings22 499 ambulance-attended overdoses and 2121 illicit drug-related deaths (677 [32%] deaths related to fentanyl) were recorded in the study period, mostly since January, 2016. In the same period, 19 074 THN kits were distributed. We estimate that 298 deaths (95% credible interval [CrI] 91–474) were averted by the THN programme. Of these deaths, 226 (95% CrI 125–340) were averted in 2016, following a rapid scale-up in distribution of kits. We infer a rapid increase in fentanyl adulterant at the beginning of 2016, with an estimated 2·3 times (95% CrI 2·0–2·9) increase from 2015 to 2016. Counterfactual modelling indicated that an earlier scale-up of the programme would have averted an additional 118 deaths (95% CrI 64–207). Our model also indicated that the increase in deaths could parsimoniously be explained through a change in the fentanyl-related overdose rate alone.InterpretationThe THN programme substantially reduced the number of overdose deaths during a period of rapid increase in the number of illicit drug overdoses due to fentanyl in British Columbia. However, earlier adoption and distribution of the THN intervention might have had an even greater impact on overdose deaths. Our findings show the value of a fast and effective response at the start of a synthetic opioid epidemic. We also believe that multiple interventions are needed to achieve an optimal impact.FundingCanadian Institutes of Health Research Partnerships for Health Systems Improvement programme (grant 318068) and Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (grant 04611 ).
Elevated Hemoglobin A1c Is Associated With Incident Diabetes Within 4 Years Among Normoglycemic, Working-Age Individuals in an Employee Wellness Program
Authors: Dov Shiffman, Carmen H. Tong, Charles M. Rowland, James J. Devlin, James B. Meigs, Michael J. McPhaul
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

Assessment of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in addition to fasting glucose (FG) levels and other risk factors can improve diabetes risk assessment (1). Employee wellness programs (EWPs) are common in the U.S. (2), providing opportunities to identify working-age individuals at risk for diabetes (3) and to offer risk-reduction programs targeted to those at most risk. Based on the records of one large laboratory testing provider for EWPs, 25% of those offered FG testing were also offered HbA1c testing (4). Here we investigated whether the addition of HbA1c to FG testing for EWP participants with apparently normal FG (<100 mg/dL) would identify those at elevated risk for incident diabetes.

The analysis was based on a cohort of 34,676 employees and spouses who participated in an EWP in 2012. Those with baseline FG ≥100 mg/dL, HbA1c ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol), or a self-reported physician diagnosis of diabetes ( n = 8,837), with missing baseline data ( n = 244), or who failed to participate in the EWP at least once during 4 years of follow-up ( n = 4,256) were excluded, leaving 21,339 participants. The association …
THE USEFULNESS OF COLONIC TATTOOING USING ICG IN COLORECTAL TUMOR PATIENTS
Authors: HS Moon, JH Park, JS Kim, SH Kang, JK Sung, HY Jeong
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Preopreative endoscopic tattooing help to find lesions that are small in size and more movable part of colon, especially in limited operative fields of vision. The aim of this study is to prove the usefulness of colonic tattooing using ICG according to stage and type of laparoscopic surgery.
Humanization of bone and bone marrow in an orthotopic site reveals new potential therapeutic targets in osteosarcoma
Authors: Ferdinand Wagner, Boris M. Holzapfel, Jacqui A. McGovern, Abbas Shafiee, Jeremy G. Baldwin, Laure C. Martine, Christoph A. Lahr, Felix M. Wunner, Thor Friis, Onur Bas, Melanie Boxberg, Peter M. Prodinger, Ali Shokoohmand, Davide Moi, Roberta Mazzieri, Daniela Loessner, Dietmar W. Hutmacher
Journal: Biomaterials (2018)
P324New molecular panel with high sensitivity and specificity for early diagnosis of degenerative aortic stenosis
Authors: L Mourino-Alvarez, F De La Cuesta, T Sastre-Oliva, M Baldan-Martin, N Corbacho-Alonso, T Martin-Rojas, L F Lopez-Almodovar, G Alvarez-Llamas, L R Padial, M G Barderas
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2018)
Panitumumab versus cetuximab in patients with wild-type <i>KRAS</i> exon 2 metastatic colorectal cancer who received prior bevacizumab therapy: A combined analysis of individual patient data from ASPECCT and WJOG6510G.
Authors: Hiroya Taniguchi, Takeharu Yamanaka, Daisuke Sakai, Kentaro Yamazaki, Kei Muro, Marc Peeters, Timothy Jay Price
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

745 Background: The ASPECCT (Price T, et al. Eur J Cancer 2016) and WJOG6510G (Sugimoto N, et al. ASCO-GI 2017) trials demonstrated noninferiority of panitumumab (Pmab), compared with cetuximab (Cmab), regarding the overall survival (OS) for chemotherapy-refractory wild-type KRAS exon 2 metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, the subgroup analyses of both trials revealed a longer survival with Pmab than Cmab in patients who previously received bevacizumab (Bev). We performed a combined analysis of both trials using individual patient data. Methods: In both trials, patients with wild-type KRAS exon 2 mCRC who progressed on or were intolerant to CPT-11- or L-OHP-based chemotherapy were randomized to receive Pmab or Cmab monotherapy (ASPECCT) or in combination with CPT-11 (WJOG). The patient subgroup with prior Bev was eligible for enrollment in this analysis. Results: In the combined data of 374 patients, 185 patients were enrolled in the Pmab arm (ASPECCT, 126; WJOG, 59) and 189 patients in the Cmab arm (ASPECCT, 132; WJOG, 57). The patient characteristics were well-balanced in both arms. Of the 374 patients, 341 (91%) and 369 (99%) had the OS and progression-free survival (PFS) events, respectively. The median OS was 12.8 months in the Pmab arm and 10.1 months in the Cmab arm ( P = 0.0031; the log-rank test stratified by trial). The hazard ratio (HR) for OS was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58–0.90). The median PFS in the Pmab and Cmab arms were 4.7 and 4.1 months, respectively (P = 0.0207). HR for PFS was 0.79 (95% CI: 0.64–0.97). Response rates in the Pmab and Cmab arms were 23% and 16%, respectively (P = 0.114). Although the incidence of skin toxicities was similar, the infusion reaction was observed more in the Cmab arm (any grade, 1.1% vs 8.6%), whereas hypomagnesemia was noted more in the Pmab arm (48% vs 33%). Conclusions: This combined analysis demonstrated that Pmab significantly prolonged OS and PFS compared with Cmab, raising the potential that Pmab is the more reliable anti-EGFR option for patients with wild-type KRAS exon 2 metastatic colorectal cancer who previously received Bev.
Surfactant protein D alleviates eosinophil‐mediated airway inflammation and remodeling in patients with aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease
Authors: Y. Choi, D.‐H. Lee, H. K. T. Trinh, G.‐Y. Ban, H.‐K. Park, Y. S. Shin, S.‐H. Kim, H.‐S. Park
Journal: Allergy (2018)

Abstract Background Surfactant protein D ( SPD ) is a member of the collectin family that lines the airway epithelial cells with host defense. However, the role of SPD in the pathogenesis of aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease ( AERD ) is still unclear. Methods The serum SPD level was measured in patients with AERD (n = 336), those with aspirin‐tolerant asthma ( ATA , n = 442), and healthy controls ( HC , n = 104). Polymorphisms of SFTPD in the study subjects were analyzed. The effect of LTE 4 on SPD production through eosinophil infiltration was investigated in BALB /c mice. The protective function of SPD against eosinophils inducing inflammation and remodeling was assessed in vitro / vivo. The potential efficacy of nintedanib against airway remodeling through the production of SPD was evaluated. Results The serum SPD level was significantly lower ( P &lt; .001) in AERD compared with ATA patients, and negatively correlated with fall in FEV 1 (%) after lysine‐aspirin bronchoprovocation test and/or the urinary LTE 4 level. In addition, polymorphism of SFTPD at rs721917 was significantly different in the study subjects (odds ratio, 2.124; 95% confidence intervals, 1.310‐3.446; P = .002). LTE 4‐exposed mice showed an increased eosinophil count with a decreased SPD level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Eosinophils increased α‐smooth muscle actin expression in airway epithelial cells, which was attenuated by SPD treatment. Furthermore, nintedanib protected the airway epithelial cells against eosinophils by enhancing the production of SPD . Conclusion The decreased level of SPD in AERD was associated with airway inflammation/remodeling under the eosinophilic condition, suggesting that modulation of SPD may provide a potential benefit in AERD .
And the Band Played On
Authors: B. Twisselmann
Journal: BMJ (2011)

In these days of swine flu, rapid response programmes to outbreaks of communicable disease, and digital communications technology, it is easy to forget there was a time when communication about epidemics did without mobile phones, email, or social media. Antiretroviral treatment may now be widely available in the West, but when HIV and AIDS first appeared in the United States and Europe, the ensuing pandemic left experts baffled, and exacted a heavy toll. The US alone had more than 65 000 cases by 1988. Were this to happen today the panic would be unimaginable.

The late Randy Shilts’s 1987 classic, And the Band Played On , encyclopaedically chronicles the events from the death of the Danish doctor Grethe Rask in …
Outcome of Antiviral Immunity in the Liver Is Shaped by the Level of Antigen Expressed in Infected Hepatocytes
Authors: Katrin Manske, Nina Kallin, Verena König, Annika Schneider, Sandra Kurz, Miriam Bosch, Meike Welz, Ru‐Lin Cheng, Bertram Bengsch, Katja Steiger, Ulrike Protzer, Robert Thimme, Percy A. Knolle, Dirk Wohlleber
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

The liver bears unique immune properties that support both immune tolerance and immunity, but the mechanisms responsible for clearance versus persistence of virus-infected hepatocytes remain unclear. Here, we dissect the factors determining the outcome of antiviral immunity using recombinant adenoviruses that reflect the hepatropism and hepatrophism of hepatitis viruses. We generated replication-deficient adenoviruses with equimolar expression of ovalbumin, luciferase, and green fluorescent protein driven by a strong ubiquitous cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter (Ad-CMV-GOL) or by 100-fold weaker, yet hepatocyte-specific, transthyretin (TTR) promoter (Ad-TTR-GOL). Using in vivo bioluminescence to quantitatively and dynamically image luciferase activity, we demonstrated that Ad-TTR-GOL infection always persists, whereas Ad-CMV-GOL infection is always cleared, independent of the number of infected hepatocytes. Failure to clear Ad-TTR-GOL infection involved mechanisms acting during initiation as well as execution of antigen-specific immunity. First, hepatocyte-restricted antigen expression led to delayed and curtailed T-cell expansion-10,000-fold after Ad-CMV-GOL versus 150-fold after Ad-TTR-GOL-infection. Second, CD8 T-cells primed toward antigens selectively expressed by hepatocytes showed high PD-1/Tim-3/LAG-3/CTLA-4/CD160 expression levels similar to that seen in chronic hepatitis B. Third, Ad-TTR-GOL but not Ad-CMV-GOL-infected hepatocytes escaped being killed by effector T-cells while still inducing high PD-1/Tim-3/LAG-3/CTLA-4/CD160 expression, indicating different thresholds of T-cell receptor signaling relevant for triggering effector functions compared with exhaustion. Conclusion: Our study identifies deficits in the generation of CD8 T-cell immunity toward hepatocyte-expressed antigens and escape of infected hepatocytes expressing low viral antigen levels from effector T-cell killing as independent factors promoting viral persistence. This highlights the importance of addressing both the restauration of CD8 T-cell dysfunction and overcoming local hurdles of effector T-cell function to eliminate virus-infected hepatocytes.
Ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor: a comprehensive updated review of the literature and case report
Authors: Astrid Truschnegg, Stephan Acham, Lumnije Kqiku, Norbert Jakse, Alfred Beham
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2018)

Prompted by a unique case of an ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor (ECT) of the palate in a 54-year-old female, we reviewed the English and German literature on this entity until the end of 2016 using PubMed. The search produced 74 lingual cases with a nearly equal sex distribution and a mean age of 39.3 years, and two extra-lingual cases sharing histological and immunohistological features including nodular growth, round, fusiform or spindle-shaped cellular architecture, and chondromyxoid stroma. Immunophenotyping showed the majority of cases to be positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S-100 protein, glycoprotein CD57, pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3), and smooth muscle actin (SMA); in isolated cases there was molecular-genetic rearrangement or gain of Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 (EWSR1) but no rearrangement of pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1). At present, ectomesenchymal cells that migrate from the neural crest are considered to play a pivotal role in tumor origin. All cases had a benign course, although there were three recurrences. Because of the rarity of this tumor and the need for differential diagnostic differentiation from myoepithelioma and pleomorphic adenoma, both oral surgeons and pathologists should be aware of this entity.
Optimal cutoff value of assessing changes in intrahepatic fat amount by using the controlled attenuation parameter in a longitudinal setting
Authors: B.-K. Kang, D.W. Jun, M.M. Kim, S.B. Ahn, Y.C. Joo, H. Oh, E.C.J. Jang, J.H. Sohn, J.Y. Jeong, E. Kim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Three Steps Toward a More Sustainable Path for Targeted Cancer Drugs
Authors: Justin E. Bekelman, Steven Joffe
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
P339NEU1 increases monocyte and macrophage-mediated inflammation and may act as a potential modulator of atherosclerosis
Authors: M Ricke-Hoch, I Sieve, M Kasten, K Battmer, B Stapel, M S Leisegang, A Haverich, M Scherr, D Hilfiker-Kleiner
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2018)
Longitudinal Associations of Smoke-Free Policies and Incident Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Stephanie L. Mayne, Rachel Widome, Allison J. Carroll, Pamela J. Schreiner, Penny Gordon-Larsen, David R. Jacobs, Kiarri N. Kershaw
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Smoke-free legislation has been associated with lower rates of cardiovascular disease hospital admissions in ecological studies. However, prior studies lacked detailed information on individual-level factors (eg, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics) that could potentially confound associations. Our objective was to estimate associations of smoke-free policies with incident cardiovascular disease in a longitudinal cohort after controlling for sociodemographics, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and policy covariates.
TCTAP A-099 Short and Long Term Safety of Polymer-free Versus Durable Polymer Drug-eluting Stents for Coronary Artery Disease: A Comprehensive Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials Including 6,943 Patients
Authors: Jason Nogic, Yi-Wei Baey, Sean Tan, Nitesh Nerlekar, James Cameron, Arthur Nasis, Nick West, Adam Brown
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Diagnostic workup, etiologies and management of acute right ventricle failure
Authors: Antoine Vieillard-Baron, R. Naeije, F. Haddad, H. J. Bogaard, T. M. Bull, N. Fletcher, T. Lahm, S. Magder, S. Orde, G. Schmidt, M. R. Pinsky
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2018)