tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The efficacy and safety of paclitaxel injection concentrate for nano-dispersion (PICN) at two different doses versus paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation in subjects with metastatic breast cancer (MBC).
Authors: Minish Mahendra Jain, Shekhar Patil, Anand Bhaskarrao Pathak, Chetan Dilip Deshmukh, Niraj Bhatt, K Govind Babu, Chiramana Haritha, Shailesh Arjun Bondarde, Raghunadharao Digumarti, Jyoti Bajpai, Ravi Kumar, Smita Uday Gupte, Ashish Vijay Bakshi, Gouri Shankar Bhattacharyya, Poonam Patil, S Subramanian, Ashok K. Vaid, Chirag Jyotiker Desai, P P Bapsy, Ganesh Divekar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

1069 Background: PICN is a novel, solvent- and protein-free, 100-110 nm particle formulation of paclitaxel stabilized with polymer and lipids using Nanotecton Technology. We compared the safety and efficacy of PICN at two different doses versus paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation in a 3-weekly schedule in subjects with MBC. Methods: In this randomized, controlled non-inferiority trial,180 subjects aged18-65 years, with MBC, ECOG performance status ≤ 2, estimated survival ≥ 12 weeks and adequate organ function, were enrolled and randomly assigned to PICN 260 mg/m2, PICN 295 mg/m2, or paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation 260 mg/m2. Both PICN and paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation were administered as a 30 min infusion in a 3-weekly dosing schedule. Treatment was continued until disease progression or the occurrence of unacceptable toxicity. Efficacy was evaluated according to RECIST 1.1 and safety was assessed using CTC-AE version 4.0. Results: A total of 180 subjects were enrolled in the study; 64 to PICN 260 mg/m2 and 58 each to PICN 295 mg/m2 and paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation 260 mg/m2. Baseline demographic, medical and treatment history, and histologic criteria were well balanced. By independent blinded radiological assessment, no statistical difference was observed in ORR (Objective Response Rate) when PICN 260 mg/m2 and paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation (35.4% v 42.5%, respectively; P=.76) or when PICN 295 mg/m2 and paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation (48.8% v 42.5%, respectively; P=.62) were compared. No hypersensitivity reactions occurred with PICN despite the absence of premedication. The most frequently reported AEs were neutropenia, peripheral neuropathy and pain. The incidence of grade 3/4 neutropenia was 12.5, 24.1, and 20.6% in PICN 260 mg/m2, PICN 295 mg/m2, and paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation arm, respectively. Grade 3/4 peripheral neuropathy occurred in 7.8, 19, and 15.5% subjects with PICN 260 mg/m2, PICN 295 mg/m2and paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation arm, respectively. Conclusions: PICN when administered as 3-weekly dosing schedule demonstrated equal efficacy and a favorable safety profile compared to paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation in MBC. Clinical trial information: CTRI/2010/091/001116.
Nivolumab Versus Docetaxel in Previously Treated Patients With Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Two-Year Outcomes From Two Randomized, Open-Label, Phase III Trials (CheckMate 017 and CheckMate 057)
Authors: Leora Horn, David R. Spigel, Everett E. Vokes, Esther Holgado, Neal Ready, Martin Steins, Elena Poddubskaya, Hossein Borghaei, Enriqueta Felip, Luis Paz-Ares, Adam Pluzanski, Karen L. Reckamp, Marco A. Burgio, Martin Kohlhäeufl, David Waterhouse, Fabrice Barlesi, Scott Antonia, Oscar Arrieta, Jérôme Fayette, Lucio Crinò, Naiyer Rizvi, Martin Reck, Matthew D. Hellmann, William J. Geese, Ang Li, Anne Blackwood-Chirchir, Diane Healey, Julie Brahmer, Wilfried E.E. Eberhardt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Purpose Nivolumab, a programmed death-1 inhibitor, prolonged overall survival compared with docetaxel in two independent phase III studies in previously treated patients with advanced squamous (CheckMate 017; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01642004) or nonsquamous (CheckMate 057; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01673867) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We report updated results, including a pooled analysis of the two studies. Methods Patients with stage IIIB/IV squamous (N = 272) or nonsquamous (N = 582) NSCLC and disease progression during or after prior platinum-based chemotherapy were randomly assigned 1:1 to nivolumab (3 mg/kg every 2 weeks) or docetaxel (75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks). Minimum follow-up for survival was 24.2 months. Results Two-year overall survival rates with nivolumab versus docetaxel were 23% (95% CI, 16% to 30%) versus 8% (95% CI, 4% to 13%) in squamous NSCLC and 29% (95% CI, 24% to 34%) versus 16% (95% CI, 12% to 20%) in nonsquamous NSCLC; relative reductions in the risk of death with nivolumab versus docetaxel remained similar to those reported in the primary analyses. Durable responses were observed with nivolumab; 10 (37%) of 27 confirmed responders with squamous NSCLC and 19 (34%) of 56 with nonsquamous NSCLC had ongoing responses after 2 years' minimum follow-up. No patient in either docetaxel group had an ongoing response. In the pooled analysis, the relative reduction in the risk of death with nivolumab versus docetaxel was 28% (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.84), and rates of treatment-related adverse events were lower with nivolumab than with docetaxel (any grade, 68% v 88%; grade 3 to 4, 10% v 55%). Conclusion Nivolumab provides long-term clinical benefit and a favorable tolerability profile compared with docetaxel in previously treated patients with advanced NSCLC.
Effects of Anacetrapib in Patients with Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease remain at high risk for cardiovascular events despite effective statin-based treatment of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. The inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) by anacetrapib reduces LDL cholesterol levels and increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. However, trials of other CETP inhibitors have shown neutral or adverse effects on cardiovascular outcomes.
A retrospective cohort study evaluating the safety and efficacy of TAS-102 in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer [HGCSG1503]: Updated analysis
Authors: S. Yuki, Y. Komatsu, M. Yagisawa, Y. Tsuji, K. Harada, K. Hatanaka, H. Okuda, A. Hosokawa, K. Ogawa, K. Furukawa, S. Minami, A. Ishiguro, T. Honda, T. Ohta, M. Dazai, K. Eto, T. Sasaki, J. Nakajima, N. Sakamoto, Y. Sakata
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Are prevalence measures better than incidence measures in sports injury research?
Authors: Rasmus Oestergaard Nielsen, Katrin Debes-Kristensen, Adam Hulme, Michael Lejbach Bertelsen, Merete Møller, Erik Thorlund Parner, Mohammad Ali Mansournia
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Prevalence and incidence are terms commonly used to describe the number, proportion and rate of sports injury in the epidemiological and clinical literature. Indeed, scientific articles have discussed the practical implications of choosing one of these measures over another in relation to better understanding the burden of injury as well as sports injury aetiology, prevention and treatment.1–3 Recently, the use of prevalence and not incidence has been promoted to demonstrate a relationship between training load and overuse sports injury.2 However, there is a need to further elaborate on the circumstances in which prevalence and incidence are used as both measures are relevant and depend on the goals of the researcher and study. Therefore, the purpose of this editorial is to explain the differences between prevalence-based and incidence-based measures, and promote when they should be used by drawing on available data from an existing 1-year, 933-person running injury cohort study (DANORUN4).

Why do sports injuries develop? What we can do to prevent them? Which treatment options should be offered to injured athletes? These are arguably some of the most important questions facing coaches and clinicians. Fortunately, incidence-based measures can help to provide answers given that they relate to the occurrence of new sports injury in an athletic population within a specified period or how many injured athletes recover over time.

### Incident cases

The number of incident cases can facilitate the identification of when injuries occur. This allows coaches and clinicians to carefully consider whether there have been any noticeable and …
Rapport préliminaire d'une épidémie internationale d'infections à Salmonella anatum associées à un lait maternisé
Authors: Royaume-Uni et le réseau Salm-Net
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1997)

En Angleterre et au Pays de Galles, le nombre d'isolats de Salmonella anatum provenant de nourissons (âges de 1 a 11 mois) etait plus eleve que prevu en novembre, decembre 1996 et debut janvier. Le Laboratory of Enteric Pathogens (LEP) du Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) confirma cette augmentation et une enquete demarra a la fin du mois de janvier 1997. Initialement, 12 cas d'infection a S. anatum survenus chez des nourrissons britanniques, 8 en Angleterre et 4 en Ecosse, furent identifies par le PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC) et le Scottish Centre for Infection and Environmental Health (SCIEH). L'âge de ces cas orientait la recherche du vehicule possible de l'infection vers l'alimentation des nourrissons. La base de donnees internationale de Salm-Net fut examinee et tous les collaborateurs des pays europeens participants furent consultes sur l'eventuelle survenue de cas dans leur pays.
Effect of nab-paclitaxel/carboplatin (nab-P/C) induction therapy on quality of life (QoL) of patients with squamous (SCC) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (ABOUND.sqm)
Authors: S. Ponce Aix, V. Villaflor, J. Knoble, M. Thomas, J. von Pawel, S. Bailey, M.A. Hussein, M.A. Razaq, K. Sabbath, P. Staib, T. Chen, N. Trunova, D.R. Spigel
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Randomized phase II study of modified FOLFIRINOX versus gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel combination therapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer: Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study (JCOG1407)
Authors: A. Fukutomi, J. Mizusawa, H. Katayama, T. Okusaka, T. Ito, N. Okano, N. Mizuno, M. Ikeda, M. Ueno, K. Shioji, M. Ozaka, S. Shimizu, Y. Sakamoto, S. Kondo, K. Kawabe, J. Eba, H. Ishii, H. Fukuda, J. Furuse
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Association between immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and atezolizumab efficacy in advanced NSCLC: analyses from the phase III study OAK
Authors: J. von Pawel, K. Syrigos, J. Mazieres, D. Cortinovis, R. Dziadziuszko, D.R. Gandara, P. Conkling, J. Goldschmidt, C.A. Thomas, R. Bordoni, M. Kosty, F.S. Braiteh, S. Hu, M. Ballinger, H. Patel, M. Gandhi, L. Fehrenbacher
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Carotid Stent Fractures Are Not Associated With Adverse Events
Authors: Ido Weinberg, Joshua A. Beckman, Jon S. Matsumura, Kenneth Rosenfield, Gary M. Ansel, Seemant Chaturvedi, William Gray, D. Chris Metzger, Tom Riles, Yu Shu, Lawrence Wechsler, Michael R. Jaff
Journal: Circulation (2017)

The impact of carotid artery stent fractures on the incidence of adverse clinical events remains unclear. The objective of this study is to report the stent fracture rate and its association with in-stent restenosis and adverse outcomes in the ACT-1 trial (Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting Versus Endarterectomy in Asymptomatic Subjects Who Are at Standard Risk for Carotid Endarterectomy With Significant Extracranial Carotid Stenotic Disease).ACT-1 is a prospective multicenter trial of patients who have standard surgical risk with severe asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis randomly assigned to carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy (Abbott Vascular). The primary end point was a composite of death, stroke, or myocardial infarction during the 30 days after the procedure or ipsilateral stroke during the 365 days after the procedure. After 771 patients were enrolled, successively randomly assigned patients were required to undergo annual radiographic (x-ray) analysis for stent fracture. Images were independently adjudicated by a core laboratory.Of 1021 patients treated with carotid artery stenting during a mean follow-up of 3.1±1.6 years, 939 had at least 1 x-ray during the follow-up period. Stent fracture was reported in 51 (5.4%) patients. With a maximum follow-up period of 5 years, adverse clinical outcomes occurred in 39 patients with at least 1 x-ray during the follow-up. Of 826 (80.9%) subjects who underwent both duplex ultrasound and x-ray, 822 (99.5%) were interpretable. There was no association between stent fracture and the primary end point (P=0.86) or with restenosis (P=0.53).In this large, independently adjudicated, multicenter study, the stent fracture rate was low and not associated with major adverse clinical events or in-stent restenosis.URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00106938.
Abstract P080: Associations of Bowel Movement Frequency with Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Mortality Among Us Women
Authors: Wenjie Ma, Eric B Rimm, Kathryn M Rexrode, Lu Qi
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Bowel movement frequency has been related to a variety of cardiovascular risk factors such as inflammation and metabolism of gut microbiota. However, few studies have examined the relations of bowel movement frequency with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and mortality in prospective cohorts. Objectives: To investigate the prospective associations between bowel movement frequency, incident CHD, and mortality in a large cohort of US women, the Nurses’ Health Study. Methods: Bowel movement frequency was self-reported at baseline in 1982 by 85,976 women who were free from cardiovascular disease and cancer. Incident CHD including symptomatic nonfatal myocardial infarction or fatal CHD was subsequently identified. Deaths were reported by the next of kin or the postal authorities or identified by searching the National Death Index. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the associations of bowel movement frequency with risk of CHD, total mortality, and mortality due to cardiovascular disease. Results: During follow-up, we documented a total of 5,805 incident CHD cases (1982-2010) and 20,972 deaths (1982-2012). After adjustment for potential confounders and CHD risk factors at baseline (age, ethnicity, multivitamin use, aspirin use, family history of heart disease, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or diabetes at baseline, menopausal status and postmenopausal hormone therapy use, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, BMI, dietary fiber intake, and AHEI score), having a bowel movement more than once daily was significantly associated with increased risk of CHD, total mortality, and cardiovascular mortality. As compared with women with bowel movement frequency of once daily (reference), the hazard ratios (HRs) for those with more than once daily were 1.09 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.18) for incident CHD; 1.08 (95% CI: 0.99-1.18) for cardiovascular mortality; and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.08-1.18) for total mortality. Less frequent bowel movements were not significantly related to risk of CHD or mortality. Similar findings were observed in sensitivity analyses that excluded participants who had ulcerative colitis history or excluded those who used laxatives. Conclusions: Compared to those with daily bowel movements, women with more frequent bowel movements had a modestly increased risk of CHD incidence and total mortality. These associations should be examined in other populations.
Restrictions for reimbursement of interferon-free direct-acting antiviral drugs for HCV infection in Europe
Authors: Alison D Marshall, Evan B Cunningham, Stine Nielsen, Alessio Aghemo, Hannu Alho, Markus Backmund, Philip Bruggmann, Olav Dalgard, Carole Seguin-Devaux, Robert Flisiak, Graham R Foster, Liana Gheorghe, David Goldberg, Ioannis Goulis, Matthew Hickman, Patrick Hoffmann, Ligita Jancorienė, Peter Jarcuska, Martin Kåberg, Leondios G Kostrikis, Mihály Makara, Matti Maimets, Rui Tato Marinho, Mojca Matičič, Suzanne Norris, Sigurður Ólafsson, Anne Øvrehus, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, James Pocock, Geert Robaeys, Carlos Roncero, Marieta Simonova, Jan Sperl, Michele Tait, Ieva Tolmane, Stefan Tomaselli, Marc van der Valk, Adriana Vince, Gregory J Dore, Jeffrey V Lazarus, Jason Grebely
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2017)
Heart valve scaffold fabrication: Bioinspired control of macro-scale morphology, mechanics and micro-structure
Authors: Antonio D'Amore, Samuel K. Luketich, Giuseppe M. Raffa, Salim Olia, Giorgio Menallo, Antonino Mazzola, Flavio D'Accardi, Tamir Grunberg, Xinzhu Gu, Michele Pilato, Marina V. Kameneva, Vinay Badhwar, William R. Wagner
Journal: Biomaterials (2017)
Brote de Salmonella Enteritidis lisotipo 14b en turistas noruegos, suecos y finlandeses que regresaban de Grecia
Authors: P J Guérin, K Nygård, A Siitonen, L Vold, M Kuusi, B de Jong, J A Rottingen, O Alvseike, A Olsson, J Lassen, Y Andersson, P Aavitsland
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

En julio de 2001, el Instituto noruego de salud publica (Folkehelseinstituttet, FHI) describio agrupaciones de casos de infecciones por Salmonella Enteritidis de lisotipo 14b en turistas noruegos que volvian de Grecia. Se registro tambien un aumento de ese lisotipo, poco frecuente, en el mismo periodo en Suecia y Finlandia. Fueron descritos casos de S. Enteritidis PT 14b en pacientes que regresaron de Grecia en esos tres paises nordicos en 2001 (303 casos), 2002 (164 casos) y 2003 (199 casos). Los estudios caso-control realizados en 2001 en Noruega y Suecia habian indicado una asociacion entre el consumo de pollo y la enfermedad. En 2002 y 2003 se siguieron declarando mas casos, lo que indica que dicho lisotipo poco comun probablemente entro en la cadena alimentaria en Grecia. Las agencias de turismo fueron informadas y se contacto con las autoridades de salud publica griegas. Como el lugar de la infeccion no se incluye de modo sistematico en la mayoria de los sistemas de notificacion de Salmonella, el brote que describimos aqui quizas no sea mas que una parte de un brote mas grande que afecto a los turistas que visitaron Grecia. Muchas veces las infecciones se declaran solamente en el pais de origen de los turistas y las autoridades de salud publica de los paises visitados posiblemente no estan informadas sobre el problema. Por ello se debe reforzar la colaboracion entre los institutos de salud publica en Europa, para conseguir detectar los brotes que ocurran en turistas.
GW28-e0310 Role of ERK1/2, p38MAPK and JNK signaling pathways in folic acid regulation of vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration
Authors: SunLei Pan, Feidan Gao, Hangqi Luo, Hui Lin, Liping Meng, Yan Guo, Chengjian Jiang, Xiaoya Zhai, Jufang Chi, Hangyuan Guo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Epidemia urbana de fiebre Q, Briançon, Francia, marzo a junio 1996
Authors: A Armengaud, N Kessalis, J C Desenclos, E Maillot, P Brousse, P Brouqui, H Tixier-Dupont, D Raoult, P Provensal, Y Obadia
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1997)

La fiebre Q es una zoonosis ubicua causada por la rickettsia Coxiella burnetii (1). Aparecen casos esporadicos y epidemias en zonas donde se crian ovejas y cabras. La principal ruta de transmision es la inhalacion de aerosoles del entorno (tierra, paja, lana) que se contaminan cuando las ovejas, cabras o vacas paren (1). En este informe describimos un brote urbano de fiebre Q que se produjo entre marzo y mayo de 1996 en Briancon, una ciudad de 12.000 habitantes en una zona de cria de los Hautes Alpes.
Epidemiología descriptiva de los exantemas en la región de Rotterdam, enero de 1997 a junio de 1998
Authors: O Ronveaux, A Bosman, R Reintjes, M A E Conyn-Van Spaendonck
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

El Grupo Europeo de Asesoramiento en materia de Inmunizacion ha propuesto una serie de recomendaciones de cara a la eliminacion del sarampion en Europa para el ano 2007 (1), objetivo aprobado por los directores de los programas de inmunizacion de los paises pertenecientes a la region europea de la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud (OMS). En este contexto, el estudio de la epidemiologia de los exantemas (erupciones cutaneas asociadas a enfermedades febriles) es importante. El sarampion, considerado la forma mas frecuente de exantema en la infancia en Europa, es cada vez mas raro como consecuencia del aumento de la cobertura vacunal.
Recommandations européennes pour la prise en charge des personnels de santé exposés au VHB et VHC
Authors: V Puro, G De Carli, S Cicalini, F Soldani, U Balslev, J Begovac, L Boaventura, M Campins Marti, M J Hernández Navarrete, R Kammerlander, C Larsen, F Lot, S Lunding, U Marcus, L Payne, A A Pereira, T Thomas, G Ippolito
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

La prevention des accidents d’exposition au sang est la strategie de prevention primaire pour reduire, chez les professionnels de sante, le risque d’infections professionnelles transmises par le sang. Il est important que ces professionnels soient conscients de l’importance de la declaration de toute exposition en termes medicolegal et clinique, et qu’ils aient un acces immediat aux consultations specialisees afin de beneficier de conseils adaptes, d’un traitement et d’un suivi. 
La vaccination contre le virus de l’hepatite B (VHB) et le controle de la reponse immunitaire specifique anti-VHB avant l’embauche sont fortement recommandees. Les professionnels de sante qui presentent un taux d’anticorps anti-VHB post-vaccinal superieur ou egal a 10 mIU/mL, un a deux mois apres vaccination complete sont consideres comme repondeurs. ,. Les repondeurs etant proteges contre l’infection a VHB, les rappels de vaccination ou les dosages reguliers du taux d’anticorps ne sont pas recommandes. En cas de non reponse au vaccin, des strategies alternatives devront etre adoptees. 
Devant la presence d’anticorps anti-HBc isoles, chez les professionnels de sante, une recherche d’IgM anti-HBc et d’ADN VHB devra etre realisee. Si elle est negative, la reponse anti-HBs a la vaccination permettra de distinguer une infection ancienne (anti-HBs ≥50 mIU/ml 30 jours apres la premiere dose de vaccin : reponse anamnestique) d’un faux positif (anti-HBs ≥10 mIU/ml 30 jours apres la troisieme dose de vaccin : reponse primaire). Les vrais positifs sont proteges contre une reinfection et la vaccination n’est pas necessaire. 
La prise en charge d’une exposition professionnelle au VHB varie selon la susceptibilite des professionnels exposes et le statut serologique de la source. En cas d’indication, une prophylaxie post-exposition au VHB comportant le vaccin anti-VHB, ou des immunoglobines anti-HVB, voire les deux, doivent etre administres le plus rapidement possible (dans un delai de un a sept jours). 
En l’absence de prophylaxie contre le virus de l’hepatite C (VHC), un suivi des expositions au VHC dependra de la decision d’un traitement antiviral ou non en cas d’infection aigue. Il faut rechercher chez les personnels de sante, les anticorps anti-VHC au moment de l’accident d’exposition puis le verifier 6 mois apres, et jusqu’a 12 mois apres en cas de co-infection VIH-VHC de la source. Si un traitement est preconise en cas d’infection aigue, le controle des ALAT (alanine aminotransferase) doit etre effectue des l’exposition puis tous les mois pendant les quatre mois qui suivent , la mesure de ’ARN VHC etant realisee en cas d’elevation.