tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HEE demands that training boards increase GP posts and decrease specialty posts
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Health Education England (HEE) expects local education and training boards (LETBs) to boost GP training posts by 450 over the next two years, at the same time as cutting other specialty training posts by 550.

The targets form part of the boards’ annual “contract” with HEE, known as the annual accountability agreement, the draft prototype of which was published last week by HEE. HEE has overarching responsibility for education and training of NHS staff in England and for appointing …
All doctors should think of themselves as scientists, says BMA
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

All doctors should think of themselves as scientists, and all medical education and training should teach doctors to understand scientific evidence, the BMA has said.

A report written by the BMA’s Medical Academic Staff Committee said that all doctors “should regard themselves as scientists investigating the social and biological aspects of health and illnesses.”1 It said that medical research was “not just the territory of medical …
Sun Protection Behaviors in Head Start and Other Early Childhood Education Programs in Illinois
Authors: Megan Perez, Marie Donaldson, Namita Jain, June K. Robinson
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Sun safety attitudes developed in early childhood can reduce lifetime UV radiation exposure and the risk of skin cancer.To assess the current policies, practices, and attitudes among caregivers regarding sun protection in children aged 2 to 6 years.A survey of 202 administrators or managers and teachers of Illinois Head Start/Early Head Start (HS/EHS) and day care centers was conducted from July 3 through 21, 2017. Organizations were randomly selected from 4 lists of urban, suburban, town, and rural locations and stratified to ensure population-based proportional representation of the Illinois population vulnerable to UV exposure. Program administrators or managers participated in a 5- to 10-minute telephone interview that assessed importance of health and sun protection behaviors, program practices, and demographic characteristics. Data analysis was conducted August 2, 2017.Outcomes included attitudes toward the importance of health behaviors in comparison with sun protective behaviors, reported use of sun protection (seeking shade, scheduling outdoor activities, sun protective clothing, and sunscreen practices), and sunburn prevalence.Respondents (from 102 HS/EHS programs with 52% boys overall and a mean [SD] child age of 2.5 [0.5] y and 100 day care programs with 49% boys and age of 2.3 [0.4] y) stated that the 3 most important habits were good nutrition (66 [64.7%] HS/EHS, 71 [71.0%] day care), adequate exercise (41 [40.2%] HS/EHS, 55 [55.0%] day care), and brushing teeth (35 [34.3%] HS/EHS, 38 [38.0 %] day care). Scheduling outdoor activities to avoid peak sun intensity was performed less by HS/EHS programs (46 [45.1%]) in comparison with day care programs (71 [71.0%]; P < .001). Sunscreen was provided for students in 109 programs, but 84 (77.1%) did not allow children to apply sunscreen themselves. Half of the programs (100 of 202 [50.0%]) used spray sunscreen to avoid unnecessarily touching children. Most programs did not report any children having sunburns (129 [63.9%]) and followed heat index guidelines (114 [56.4%]).Administrators and teachers did not identify sun safety as one of the most important health habits. While spray sunscreen was used frequently, avoiding spraying sunscreen directly on a child's face, which may get it into the child's eyes, was not done. The heat index was widely used to determine outdoor playtime. Adopting UV index policies could help prevent sunburns in early spring when the heat index is low but UV index is high. Dermatologists may assume responsibility for educating the administrators about the danger of spraying sunscreen into a child's face and the advantage of using the UV index to determine when sun protection is needed.
NHS pensions should be reformed to reduce impact of tax changes, BMA says
Authors: Tom Moberly
Journal: BMJ (2016)

NHS pay and pensions should be reformed to support consultants who have lost out financially as a result of recent changes to UK tax allowances, the BMA has said.

Delegates at the BMA’s annual UK consultants’ conference in London on 3 March passed a motion calling for changes to the NHS pay and pensions. These included allowing some consultants to be able to take employers’ pension contributions as a salary payment.

The motion …
Analytical validation of a standardized scoring protocol for Ki67 assessed on breast excision whole sections: An international multicenter collaboration
Authors: Torsten O. Nielsen, Samuel C. Y. Leung, Lila A. Zabaglo, Indu Arun, Sunil S. Badve, Anita L. Bane, John M. S. Bartlet, Signe Borgquist, Martin C. Chang, Andrew Dodson, Anna Ehinger, Susan Fineberg, Cornelia M. Focke, Dongxia Gao, Allen M. Gown, Carolina Gutierrez, Judith C. Hugh, Zuzana Kos, Anne-Vibeke Laenkholm, Mauro G. Mastropasqua, Takuya Moriya, Sharon Nofech-Mozes, C. Kent Osborne, Frederique M. Penault-Llorca, Tammy Piper, Takashi Sakatani, Roberto Salgado, Jane Starczynski, Tomoharu Sugie, Bert van der Vegt, Giuseppe Viale, Daniel F. Hayes, Lisa M. McShane, Mitch Dowsett
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)
Government proposal could make vaccination programmes harder to approve
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2018)

The government has finally published its report into the cost effectiveness of vaccination programmes and announced a consultation, after pressure from MPs and the public.1

One of the report’s recommendations is to lower the cost effectiveness threshold for immunisation, which could make it harder for vaccines to be deemed cost effective and approved at current prices.

The publication came a day before Steve Brine, health minister, was due to appear before the Petitions Committee to answer questions about why the report—which was promised by the end of 2016—still had not been published.

The death of 2 year old Faye Burdett in 2016 led to calls for the meningitis B vaccine to be made available to all children up to age 11. And …
Parenting Education—Reply
Authors: Thomas F. Boat, Marshall L. Land, Laurel K. Leslie
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Overcoming miR-106a induced radioresistance in prostate cancer: Targeting senescence with KU-55933.
Authors: Christianne Hoey, Jessica Ray, Xiaoyong Huang, Jouhyun Jeon, Paul Christopher Boutros, Stanley K. Liu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

77 Background: Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer related death in men worldwide, with recurrence being a major clinical problem after radiotherapy. There is an unmet need to better characterize radioresistant tumors and identify biomarkers to improve patient outcomes. Methods: We identified that miR-106a was overexpressed in radiation resistant cell lines compared to parental cells. We analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset to assess miR-106a expression in normal prostate, and low- to high-grade prostate tumors. To assess the functional role of miR-106a, we performed in vitro and in vivo assays for radiation response, including clonogenic survival, proliferation, senescence, and tumor xenograft growth after radiation. We performed gene array and pathway analyses to identify downstream effectors of miR-106a. Results: MiR-106a expression was significantly higher in prostate tumors with Gleason score &gt; 7 compared to Gleason ≤ 7, suggesting miR-106a is involved in high grade disease. MiR-106a overexpression confers radioresistance in vitro and in vivo, by targeting LITAF. We now extend miR-106a’s effects to upregulation of ATM at the promoter level, thereby increasing ATM transcript and protein in the cell. Unexpectedly, we found that miR-106a’s mechanism of radioresistance through ATM upregulation does not alter DNA damage repair. ATM upregulation affects clonogenic survival through reduced senescence. KU-55933, a specific ATM kinase inhibitor, resensitizes miR-106a overexpressing cells to radiation by inducing senescence, a predominant mode of cell death in prostate cancer. Conclusions: Our research challenges the current paradigm of ATM and DNA damage repair by outlining another mechanism of radioresistance through alteration of senescence. Our findings suggest that miR-106a may be a promising biomarker for high-grade disease and radioresistant prostate cancer. In addition, we have identified a therapeutic intervention for miR-106a induced radioresistance. Improvements in bioavailability of KU-55933 may lead to its clinical use in combination with radiation therapy to radiosensitize miR-106a induced radioresistant prostate cancer.
Postgraduate certificate in philosophy and mental health
Authors: James Main
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The postgraduate certificate in philosophy and mental health is a one year, part time distance course offered by the University of Central Lancashire. Two years gets you a diploma and three gets you a masters degree. The first two years each involve three modules assessed through essays, and for the masters a third year is spent on a dissertation. The course is self directed, though also taught from the Oxford Textbook of Philosophy and Psychiatry .1

It is aimed at anyone working within mental health services with an interest in the topic—not just psychiatrists. Its content …
Cell-penetrating Peptide-modified Targeted Drug-loaded Phase-transformation Lipid Nanoparticles Combined with Low-intensity Focused Ultrasound for Precision Theranostics against Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hongyun Zhao, Meng Wu, Leilei Zhu, Yi Tian, Mingxing Wu, Yizhen Li, Liming Deng, Wei Jiang, Wei Shen, Zhigang Wang, Zhechuan Mei, Pan Li, Haitao Ran, Zhiyi Zhou, Jianli Ren
Journal: Theranostics (2018)

Objective: Prepare a multifunctional ultrasound molecular probe, hyaluronic acid-mediated cell-penetrating peptide-modified 10-hydroxycamptothecin-loaded phase-transformation lipid nanoparticles (HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs), and to combine HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs with low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) for precision theranostics against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs were prepared using thin-film dispersion, ultrasound emulsification, and electrostatic effects. HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and drug-loading efficiency. In vitro, HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs were tested for acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) at different time points/acoustic intensities; the ability of HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs to target SMMC-7721 cells was detected by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM); the penetrating ability of CG-TAT-GC-modified NPs was verified by CLSM in a 3D multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) model; the effect of HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs combined with LIFU on killing SMMC-7721 cells was measured by CCK-8 and flow cytometry. In vivo, the tumor-target efficiency of HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs was evaluated by a small-animal fluorescence imaging system and CLSM; the enhanced ultrasound imaging efficiency of HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs combined with LIFU was measured by an ultrasound imaging analyzer; the therapeutic effect of HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs combined with LIFU was evaluated by tumor volume, tumor inhibition rate, and staining (hematoxylin and eosin (H & E), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and TUNEL). Results: Mean particle size and mean zeta potential of HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs were 284.2±13.3 nm and - 16.55±1.50 mV, respectively. HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs could bind to SMMC-7721 cells more readily than CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs. Penetration depth into 3D MCTS of HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs was 2.76-fold larger than that of NPs without CG-TAT-GC. HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs could enhance ultrasound imaging by undergoing ADV triggered by LIFU. HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs+LIFU group demonstrated significantly higher efficiency of anti-proliferation and apoptosis percentage than all other groups. In mouse liver tumor xenografts, HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs could target tumor sites and enhance ultrasound imaging under LIFU. HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs+LIFU group had a significantly smaller tumor volume, lower proliferative index (PI), and higher tumor inhibition and apoptotic index (AI) than all other groups. Conclusions: Combined application of HA/CPPs-10-HCPT-NPs and LIFU should be a valuable and promising strategy for precise HCC theranostics.
MSR1 repeats modulate gene expression and affect risk of breast and prostate cancer
Authors: A.M. Rose, A. Krishan, C.F. Chakarova, L. Moya, S.K. Chambers, M. Hollands, J.C. Illingworth, S.M.G. Williams, H.E. McCabe, A.Z. Shah, C.N.A. Palmer, A. Chakravarti, J.N. Berg, J. Batra, S.S. Bhattacharya
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
The prognostic significance of exosomal markers (CD63 and CD9) expression using immunohistochemistry in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Moh'd M. Khushman, Arun Bhardwaj, Girijesh K. Patel, Javier Laurini, Kelly Roveda, Robert Donnell, Kelley Sherling, Brittany Case, Marcus Chuan Beng Tan, Lee W. Thompson, Cindy Nelson, Mary Wyatt, Mary Patton, Seema Singh, Bin Wang, William R. Taylor, Ajay Singh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

342 Background: Exosomes are important mediators of intercellular communications and play pivotal roles in cancer progression, metastasis and chemoresistance. CD63 and CD9 are exosomal markers. In patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), positive correlation between CD9 expression and overall survival (OS) was reported. CD63 expression was conserved in all patients with no reported prognostic significance. This study explored the prognostic significance of CD63 and CD9 expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in patients with PDAC of mixed racial background. Methods: Between 2012 and 2016, 49 patients with PDAC had available tissues for CD63 and CD9 staining using IHC. Two pathologists independently scored CD63 and CD9 expression. Staining intensity was graded from 1-3. Staining percentage was estimated in 10% increments. Mean Quick-score (Intensity X Percentage of staining) was calculated. Results: Median age was 64 (range 42-85). 53% are males. 67% Caucasians, 27% African Americans (AA) and 6% are other ethnicities. 41% had stage IV while 59% had stage I-III. The mean CD63 and CD9 Q scores are higher in primary tumor from the pancreas compared to pancreatic tumor from metastatic sites (185 vs 102, p = 0.0002) and (48 vs 11, p = 0.0418) respectively. We fitted accelerated failure-time models to investigate the impacts of the covariates CD63 and CD9 on progression free survival (PFS) and OS. CD63 has significant impact on PFS (p = 0.0058) and OS (p = 0.0012). The higher the CD63 Q score, the longer the PFS and OS. CD9 doesn’t have significant impact on PFS (p = 0.8950) or OS (p = 0.7182). The mean CD63 and CD9 Q scores are slightly higher in AA compared to Caucasians (157 vs 149, p = 0.76) and (45 vs 29, p = 0.43) respectively. Conclusions: CD63 and CD9 expression is higher in primary tumor from the pancreas compared to pancreatic tumor from metastatic sites. There is correlation between CD63 expression (but not CD9 in this cohort) and PFS and OS. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show prognostic significance of CD63 expression in patients with PDAC using IHC. A trend of higher expression of CD63 and CD9 among AA compared to Caucasians was noticed.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF PERSISTENTLY ABNORMAL LEFT VENTRICULAR GLOBAL LONGITUDINAL STRAIN IN PATIENTS WITH SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE
Authors: Nobuyuki Kagiyama, Yuko Soyama, Elizabeth A. Crago, Masataka Sugahara, Nina E. Hasselberg, Theodore Lagattuta, Khalil Moh'd Yousef, Marylin T. Hravnak, John Gorcsan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
GP workforce planning needs new approach, say NHS Confederation and National Association of Primary Care
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

GP workforce planning needs a new approach, including changes to GP training, the NHS Confederation and the National Association of Primary Care (NAPC) have said.

At the end of 2014 Health Education England established a primary care workforce commission, one of several initiatives HEE launched to enhance the general practice workforce. As part of its work the commission made a call for evidence from relevant organisations to identify potential new models of primary care. In their joint submission to the commission the NHS Confederation and the NAPC said that new approaches were needed in GP workforce planning and training.1

Despite a government mandate for HEE to provide 3250 GP training places by 2016, the number of applications to GP training fell for the second year in a row this year.2 In January the government committed £10m to expanding the general practice workforce, through a range of initiatives in collaboration with HEE, the Royal College of General Practitioners, and the BMA.3 HEE set …
Abstract P1-07-10: Molecular subtypes of triple negative breast cancer have different sensitivity signature to established chemotherapy agents
Authors: B Győrffy, Á Nagy, L Santarpia, C Hatzis
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC, ER/PR/HER2 negative) patients have the worst prognosis among all breast cancer patients. Recently, six molecular subtypes have been proposed to sub-divide TNBC into clinically relevant sub-cohorts. It is unknown whether these molecular subtypes have different sensitivity against known chemotherapy agents. Here, we identified the cross-section of predictive and prognostic genes in a large TNBC dataset. Methods: An integrated database comprising 2,071 TNBC patients with transcriptome-level gene expression data and clinical follow-up was set up from 52 different GEO and EGA datasets. The database included n=418 basal-like 1, n=170 basal-like 2, n=465 immunomodulatory, n=384 mesenchymal, n=207 mesenchymal stem-like, and n=427 luminal androgen receptor samples. The prognosis was computed for all genes (n=54,675) in each of the six subtypes separately using Cox proportional hazards regression. Another database (n=1,641) was set up for tumors with known therapy response as defined by pathological complete response (PCR) – in this, the correlation to response against a taxanes/anthracycline chemotherapy was computed using Mann-Whitney analysis. The overlap between the two datasets was determined at p&amp;lt;0.0001. Results: The proportion of responder patients was lowest in basal like 2 subtype. There were more genes significant for response to anthracyclines (n=6,118) than to taxanes (n=3,927). When comparing each subtype separately, most genes were prognostic in basal-like 1 and luminal androgen receptor subtypes (n=73/110 and n=73/111 respectively for taxane/anthracycline response genes). Almost no genes were overlapping to the immunmodulatory and mesenchymal stem-like subtypes (n=8/14 and n=3/7, respectively). When comparing anthracycline and taxane treatment across all six subtypes, there was no significant difference. We have to note that the different sample sizes in the different TNBC cohorts provide different power to detect an association. Discussion: Based on our results, TNBC tumors in the basal-like 1 and luminal androgen receptors are most likely to benefit from chemotherapy while there is no difference for the selection between the two most common agents. Citation Format: Győrffy B, Nagy Á, Santarpia L, Hatzis C. Molecular subtypes of triple negative breast cancer have different sensitivity signature to established chemotherapy agents [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-07-10.
IMPROVEMENT IN LDL IS ASSOCIATED WITH DECREASE IN MULTIPLE COMPONENTS OF NON-CALCIFIED PLAQUE ON CORONARY CTA
Authors: Yuka Otaki, Balaji Tamarappoo, Sebastien J. Cadet, Phi T. Huynh, Sean Hayes, John Friedman, Louise Thomson, Piotr Slomka, Damini Dey, Daniel Berman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Foundation programme for 2015 is oversubscribed by 399 applications
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The UK Foundation Programme Office (UKFPO) has received 399 more applications than the number of places available for the 2015 foundation programme.

On 5 March all fully eligible applicants will be ranked in score order and the top 7109 will be allocated to foundation schools. The remaining applicants will be …
MS drug is suspended after reports of inflammatory brain disorders
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2018)

The European Medicines Agency has suspended the licence of a multiple sclerosis drug after 12 reports of serious inflammatory brain disorders, three of them fatal.

Zinbryta (daclizumab) had already been withdrawn voluntarily by its manufacturers, Biogen and Abbvie. The company said that, given the nature and complexity of the adverse events being reported, as well as the limited numbers being treated with the drug, it was the right course of action. All clinical trials of daclizumab will also be discontinued. …
PROLONGED INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN THE PERI-INFARCT ZONE OF HEMORRHAGIC MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IS DRIVEN BY IRON-CEROID COMPLEX FROM APOPTOTIC FOAM CELLS
Authors: Ivan Cokic, Guan Wang, Kolja Wawrowsky, Hsin-Jung Yang, Richard Tang, Joseph Francis, Rohan Dharmakumar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)