tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0533 Prevalence of low back pain and kinesiophobia in elderly residents of sao paulo city: a cross-sectional preliminary data
Authors: K.E. Chang, J.W.C. Silva, I.M.B. Souza, P.A. Moura, F.J.R. França, J.E. Pompeu, A.P. Marques
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Low back pain (LBP) is an important health problem around the world associated with disability, high costs for the health system and work absenteeism. A recent systematic review estimated that in Brazil, the point prevalence of LPB in the elderly is 25%, superior to knee osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, being considered one of the most relevant health conditions in the elderly. <h3>Objectives</h3> To measure the prevalence of LBP and kinesiophobia in the elderly, following the existing guidelines on conducting specific prevalence studies about LBP and to investigate the factors associated. <h3>Methods</h3> This is a cross-sectional study and the total sample to be recruited is 513 individuals of both genders, over 60 years old. Pain was investigated at two different times: current and last year, and pain intensity was measured by Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Disability was measured using the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire – Brazil version (RMDQ - BRA) and kinesiophobia was measured by the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK). <h3>Results</h3> Until now, 387 elderlies were interviewed, of which 77% were women and the mean age was 71.98 (±7.70). The prevalence of LBP was 76.23%, with a punctual prevalence of 72.54% and a 12 months prevalence of 93.22%. The mean NPRS score was 7.52 (±2.16), the mean RMDQ - BRA score was 11.32 (±5.35), and the mean of the TSK score was 43.78 (±7.50). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Preliminary data indicate that the prevalence of LBP and kinesiophobia are high in this population. However, the level of functional disability due is moderate. There are few studies that approach these symptoms in the elderly population, and will serve as the basis for the creation of health policies. <h3>References</h3> [1] Hoy B, Bain C, Williams G, March l, Brooks P, Blyth F, et al. A systematic review of the global prevalence of low back pain. Arthritis and Rheumatism2012;64(6):2028–2037. [2] Manogharan S, Kongsted A, Ferreira ML, Hancock MJ. Do older adults with chronic low back pain differ from younger adults in regard to baseline characteristics and prognosis?Eur J Pain2017;21:866–873. [3] Leopoldino AAO, Diz JBM, Martins VT, et al. Prevalência de lombalgia na população idosa brasileira: revisão sistemática com metanálise. Rev Bras Reumatol2016;56(3):258–269. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Abstract 18040: Effect on Survival of an Early versus Late Coronary Angiography Approach in Patients With Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest Without ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: David F Miranda, Yader Sandoval, Steven R Goldsmith, Bradley A Bart, Fouad A Bachour
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: The optimal timing of coronary angiography (CA) if performed in the management of patients presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in the absence of ST-Segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has not been examined by any randomized controlled trial (RCT), though some retrospective studies have suggested benefit of an early approach. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 93 consecutive patients with OHCA and shockable rhythm, without STEMI between July 2007 and April 2014. Patients were categorized by those receiving early (24 hrs.) CA, and the relationship between timing of CA and mortality was assessed, along with key relevant clinical and angiographic variables in each group (Table). Results: Among 93 patients, 45 (48%) received early CA and 48 (52%) late CA. Door-to-angiography median time was 69 (50, 89) minutes in patients undergoing early CA. Patients undergoing early CA were more likely to have a culprit lesion on CA (31% vs. 10%, p=0.01), and a trend toward more frequent PCI (31% vs. 15%, p =0.06) in comparison to late CA. However, they also had a higher baseline lactate level. Inpatient mortality was significantly higher in patients undergoing early CA (27%) compared to those undergoing late CA (4%) (p=0.002). Conclusions: In a series of 93 consecutive patients presenting with OHCA without STEMI, early CA was associated with higher mortality despite a higher frequency of culprit lesions and successful PCI. These results contrast with those from other post-hoc analyses and clearly demonstrate the need for a RCT comparing early vs. late CA in this patient population.
Abstract 16671: Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure With Preserved vs. Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Aapo Aro, Kyndaron Reinier, Audrey Uy-Evanado, Carmen Rusinaru, Jonathan Jui, Sumeet S Chugh
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: In contrast to sudden cardiac death (SCD) in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), there are no established approaches for SCD prevention in heart failure with preserv...
The ice in voices: Understanding negative content in auditory-verbal hallucinations
Authors: Frank Larøi, Neil Thomas, André Aleman, Charles Fernyhough, Sam Wilkinson, Felicity Deamer, Simon McCarthy-Jones
Journal: Clinical Psychology Review (2018)

Negative voice-content is the best sole predictor of whether the hearer of an auditory-verbal hallucination will experience distress/impairment necessitating contact with mental health services. Yet, what causes negative voice-content and how interventions may reduce it remains poorly understood. This paper offers definitions of negative voice content and considers what may cause negative voice-content. We propose a framework in which adverse life-events may underpin much negative voice-content, a relation which may be mediated by mechanisms including hypervigilance, reduced social rank, shame and self-blame, dissociation, and altered emotional processing. At a neurological level, we note how the involvement of the amygdala and right Broca's area could drive negative voice-content. We observe that negative interactions between hearers and their voices may further drive negative voice-content. Finally, we consider the role of culture in shaping negative voice-content. This framework is intended to deepen and extend cognitive models of voice-hearing and spur further development of psychological interventions for those distressed by such voices. We note that much of the relevant research in this area remains to be performed or replicated. We conclude that more attention needs to be paid to methods for reducing negative voice-content, and urge further research in this important area. • Negative content of auditory-verbal hallucinations (AVH) is important to take into account both theoretically and clinically, although it is complex to define negative content. • A number of different variables and factors may be proposed to "drive" negative content in auditory-verbal hallucinations including (but not limited to): adverse life experiences, emotion regulation strategies, presence of physical/social threat, culture, having a negative relationship with AVH. • Up to now, interventions have mainly targeted appraisals and responses to AVH. Although these interventions are important, they probably have little/no effect on the negative content of AVH and therefore alternative interventions are needed.
Medicalization and Demedicalization — A Gravely Disabled Homeless Man with Psychiatric Illness
Authors: Joel T. Braslow, Luke Messac
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

Interview with Dr. Joel Braslow on how medicalization and demedicalization have affected patients, including those with chronic mental illness. (12:39)Download In our first Case Study in Social Medicine, a man presents to the emergency department reporting auditory hallucinations and suicidal thoughts. His case hinges on interpretations of whether his problems are medical in nature and within medical institutions' scope of practice.
Intermittent treatment strategies using aromatase inhibitors: a preclinical study
Authors: Shiuan Chen, Sheryl Phung, Selma Masri
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

5436  Three third-generation aromatase inhibitors (AIs), anastrozole (ANA), exemestane (EXE) and letrozole (LET), are important drugs for hormonal therapy of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Currently, a major setback with using these drugs is the development of acquired resistance. In addition, we do not have a definitive answer as to whether a non-cross resistance between steroidal AI (i.e., EXE) and nonsteroidal AIs (i.e., ANA and LET) exists. With such considerations, our laboratory has initiated a preclinical research project which we believe will be valuable for the design of future clinical trials on AIs. MCF-7aro, an ER+ and aromatase over-expressing cell line, was used to generate a series of AI-resistant lines. Results generated so far from our laboratory indicate that mechanisms of inhibition and resistance of EXE are different from those of ANA and LET. Based on these findings, experiments have been carried out to test the hypothesis that intermittent use of a single AI, i.e., EXE will decrease/delay acquired resistance compared to conventional therapies. Three types of experiments have been performed. [1].MCF-7aro cells were cultured in the presence of T and an intermittent use of a single AI (e.g., one week on and one week off, two weeks on and one week off, etc.). The time to progression (resistance) for each condition was compared to that attained with continuous treatment of the AI. Results generated have revealed that resistance developed after continuous treatment of EXE for 8 - 10 weeks. On the other hand, acquired resistance was developed in the three intermittent groups after treatment for 32 weeks. [2].EXE-resistant MCF-7aro cells developed after continuous treatment were further treated with EXE in an intermittent manner. The cells initially responded to the intermittent treatment and became resistant after 8 weeks. [3].ANA-resistant MCF-7aro cells were treated with EXE intermittently. While these experiments are still ongoing, we have learned that ANA-resistant cells respond to EXE at least up to 6 weeks. We also compared the effects of continuous and intermittent use of a nonsteroidal AI, i.e., LET. The time to progression (resistance) was found to be identical for the two culture conditions for LET. Therefore, we have not observed any advantage for an intermittent use of LET. We believe that these results will serve as an important basis for the design of intermittent therapies using AIs such as EXE. While one may argue that results generated from such cell culture experiments cannot be immediately translated to clinical applications, the reality is that not enough valid information is available for the design of new clinical trials. The results generated from our proposed study will serve as an important basis to improve the efficacy of AIs in the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer (supported by NIH grants CA44735 and ES08258).
Initial cell maturity changes following transplantation in a hyaluronan-based hydrogel and impacts therapeutic success in the stroke-injured rodent brain
Authors: Samantha L. Payne, Anup Tuladhar, Jaclyn M. Obermeyer, Balazs V. Varga, Carter J. Teal, Cindi M. Morshead, Andras Nagy, Molly S. Shoichet
Journal: Biomaterials (2018)
Miliary Metastases in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Tejas Patil, Jose M Pacheco
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

A 56-year-old woman with no history of smoking presented with shortness of breath that had progressively worsened over 8 months. CT revealed diffuse pulmonary nodules. Non–small-cell lung cancer with an EGFR mutation was diagnosed.
FRI0557 Thermographic analysis of hands and wrists of rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: A. Gatt, A. Borg, C. Mercieca, A. Grech Scalpello, L. Camilleri, C. Gatt, N. Chockalingam, C. Formosa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Thermography has been utilised in a number of studies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA),<sup>1</sup> however there is a paucity of evidence as regards to the possibility of applying this non-invasive technology to the detection of synovitis of the hands and wrists. With normative data having been already published,<sup>2</sup> it is now possible to compare the thermographic characteristics of RA patients without active synovitis to those with a normal thermal distribution in order to determine the baseline characteristics of RA hands and wrists. This would consequently provide a foundation against which further studies investigating RA patients with synovitis can be compared. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine whether rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients without active synovitis in their hands exhibit different baseline thermographic patterns of the fingers and palms when compared to healthy individuals <h3>Methods</h3> Data from 31 RA patients were compared to 51 healthy controls. Inclusion criteria were confirmed absence of synovitis by clinical examination and musculoskeletal ultrasound in rheumatoid patients. Thermographic imaging of the regions of interest (ROIs) were obtained as per established protocols<sup>2</sup> <h3>Results</h3> Significant differences were found between the mean temperatures of the palm regions and fingers of the healthy participants when compared to the palm regions and fingers of their RA counterparts (p=0.001), with the latter group exhibiting higher temperatures in all ROIs. No significant differences were found between ROIs of the palms and fingers of both hands in either group. Logistic regression models confirm that both palm and finger temperature increase significantly in RA <h3>Conclusions</h3> RA patients without active inflammation of the hands demonstrate a significantly higher mean temperature compared to healthy individuals. These findings provide evidence that baseline thermal data in RA differs significantly from healthy individuals. Thermal imaging may have the potential to become an adjunct assessment method of disease activity in patients with RA. <h3>References</h3> [1] Frize M, Adéa C, Payeur P, Di Primio G, Karsh J, Ogungbemile A. Detection of rheumatoid arthritis using infrared imaging. In: Dawant BM, Haynor DR, eds. 2011. [2] Gatt A, Formosa C, Cassar K, et al. Thermographic patterns of the upper and lower limbs: Baseline data. Int J Vasc Med. 2015. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Substitution of ethambutol with linezolid during the intensive phase of treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective, multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial
Authors: Jung-Kyu Lee, Ji Yeon Lee, Deog Kyeom Kim, Ho Il Yoon, Ina Jeong, Eun Young Heo, Young Sik Park, Yong Suk Jo, Jae Ho Lee, Sung Soo Park, Jong Sun Park, Junghyun Kim, Sang-Min Lee, Joon-Sung Joh, Chang-Hoon Lee, Jinwoo Lee, Sun Mi Choi, Ju-Hee Park, Sang Hoon Lee, Young-Jae Cho, Yeon Joo Lee, Se Joong Kim, Nakwon Kwak, Yong Ran Hwang, Hyeonjeong Kim, Jongeun Ki, Ji Na Lim, Hyoung Sook Choi, Myungsun Lee, Taeksun Song, Hyun Su Kim, Jiyeon Han, Heejung Ahn, Seokyung Hahn, Jae-Joon Yim
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2018)
Functional and immunogenic characterization of diverse HCV glycoprotein E2 variants
Authors: Tanvi Khera, Patrick Behrendt, Dorothea Bankwitz, Richard J.P. Brown, Daniel Todt, Mandy Doepke, Abdul Ghafoor Khan, Kai Schulze, John Law, Michael Logan, Darren Hockman, Jason Alexander Ji-Xhin Wong, Leona Dold, Victor Gonzalez-Motos, Ulrich Spengler, Abel Viejo-Borbolla, Luisa J Ströh, Thomas Krey, Alexander W. Tarr, Eike Steinmann, Michael P. Manns, Florian Klein, Carlos A. Guzman, Joseph Marcotrigiano, Michael Houghton, Thomas Pietschmann
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Prospective identification of tumorigenic cells in human gastric cancer
Authors: Ryo Ito, Kazumasa Fukuda, Yoshiro Saikawa, Rieko Nakuamura, Koushi Kumagai, Takahiro Igarashi, Shinichi Tsuwano, Yumi Matsuzaki, Hideyuki Okano, Yuko Kitagawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

4576    Background:  Recently, several studies suggest that cancer cells might be arising from a cancer stem cell (CSC), which owns biological properties similar to those of normal stem cells. A subset of stem cells, termed “side population” (SP) cells, has been identified and characterized for stem cells in various kinds of mammalian normal tissues or cancer.  Formerly, we have demonstrated that cancer stem like cells can be identified by a SP phenotype in human gastric cancer cell lines. In the next step, we will be investigating characteristic analysis of SP phenotype from clinical specimen of human gastric cancer, as there is no study for SP cells from clinical specimen of human gastric cancer.  Purpose:  In this study, SP cells analysis was applied to clinical specimen of human gastric cancer, to identify and isolate cancer stem like cells as SP cells, elucidating their functional roles in several biological events.  Methods and Results:  Human gastric cancer tissues were obtained from patients undergoing surgical resection under regulation of the ethical committee in Keio University with informed consent (permission number; 17-47). Xenografts were established with transplantation of cell suspension from each gastric cancer tissue into immunodeficiency mice; NOG mice, in order to determine whether these SP cells from established xenograft might be showing stem like cell capacity. We purified the SP cells from each xenograft, which had about 1.29% SP and 29.5% MP cells. When 2×10 5  SP and MP cells were transplanted into the NOG mice, a prominent tumor arose within about 7 weeks. The SP cells isolated from xenograft have been shown to be more tumorigenic than the MP cells. Moreover, we found that the tumors derived from SP cells contained both 12% SP and 33.4% MP cells, whereas those derived from MP cells produced mainly 47.3% of MP cells and 0.37% of the SP cell. As SP cells were analyzed in the expression of Notch, Wnt, c-Myc and Bcl-1, which are associated with property of stem cell, all these markers, interestingly, were significantly increased its mRNA level expression in SP cells, compared to MP cells.  These cells might have similar biological properties to cancer stem cells in several functional events like differentiation, proliferation and tumorigenesis.  Conclusion:  These findings might indicate that SP is an enriched source of gastric cancer-initiating cells with stem like cell properties and may be an interesting target to develop a novel strategy, overcoming such incurable malignant disease.
Risk Factors Associated with Earlier Relapse and Death and Treatment Response in Patients with Follicular Lymphoma in Taiwan
Authors: Sung-Nan Pei, Kuan-Chih Huang, Ming-Chung Wang, Ching-Yuan Kuo, Ming-Chun Ma, Chun-Kai Liao, Lee Anne Rothwell, Hong Qiu, Yanfang Liu
Journal: Blood (2018)
The long noncoding RNA LINC00312 induces lung adenocarcinoma migration and vasculogenic mimicry through directly binding YBX1
Authors: Zhenzi Peng, Jun Wang, Bin Shan, Bin Li, Wei Peng, Yeping Dong, Wenwen Shi, Wenyuan Zhao, Dan He, Minghao Duan, Yuanda Cheng, Chunfang Zhang, Chaojun Duan
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2018)

Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) gives rise to tumor neovascularization that is critical for tumor growth and metastasis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in diverse and fundamental biological processes. LINC00312 is associated with lung adenocarcinoma. In this study, we found that LINC00312 induced migration, invasion and VM of lung cancer cells by direct binding to the transcription factor Y-Box Binding Protein 1 (YBX1). Moreover, we demonstrated that YBX1 is associated with different fragments within 0-2410 nt 5'region of LINC00312. In addition, LINC00312 is associated with VM in 124 lung adenocarcinoma clinical specimens. The results suggest that LINC00312 is a promising therapeutic and diagnostic target for lung adenocarcinoma.
Abstract 161: Investigating the Added Value Of Repeated ECHO Imaging In Patients With Kawasaki Disease and Always-Normal Coronary Arteries
Authors: Sarah D de Ferranti, Kimberlee K Gauvreau, Erika Berry, Alexander Tang, Annette Baker, David Fulton, Kevin Friedman, Adriana Tremoulet, Jane C Burns, Jane W Newburger
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Echocardiography (echo) is recommended in patients (pts) with KD at baseline, 2 wks, and 6 wks after fever onset to detect coronary artery (CA) abnormalities. However, echo imaging is expensive and in infants and toddlers often requires sedation, which is burdensome and carries some risk. Objective: To assess the benefit of additional echo imaging in uncomplicated KD pts with normal CAs at baseline and 2 wks. Methods: In this retrospective two-center study, eligibility criteria were: 1) admission and treatment at center for acute KD; 2) no significant congenital heart disease; 3) available echo measurements of both the right (R) CA and left anterior descending (LAD) at ≤ Day 10 (baseline), 2 (±1) wks and 6 (±3) wks; and 4) normal CAs = RCA and LAD z scores [zMax] ≤2.0 and no aneurysms. Results: Of 2,600 pts treated for KD from 1976 - 2014, 457 had normal CAs at baseline and 2 wks and met other inclusion criteria. Of these, 57% were male; median age was 3.3 yrs [IQR 1.8 to 5.4 yrs]; 77% had complete KD; and 14% received IVIG retreatment. At 6 wks, 450 (98.5%) had normal CAs. Of the remaining 7 pts, zMax was 2.0-2.4 in 5 (1.1%); their z scores subsequently normalized at 1 yr. The zMax was 2.5-2.9 in 1 (0.2%) pt who remained on low dose aspirin until 6 mos, when ECHO normalized. The zMax was ≥3.0 in 1 pt (0.2%, 95% CI [0.0%, 1.2%]) with a dilated LAD, which was normal 3 wks later. Sensitivity analysis using zMax of &lt;2.5 was similar (98.0% with nl CAs at 6 wks). Conclusion: New CA abnormalities are rarely detected at 6 wks in KD pts with normal CAs at baseline and 2 wks. The 6 wk echo may be unnecessary for uncomplicated KD pts with normal CAs at baseline and 2 wks. Figure - CA zMax shown as mean (+), median, 25th to 75th %tile.
Abstract 19054: Coronary Calcium Score and Global Longitudinal Strain in Patients With Left Sided Breast Cancer
Authors: Thelma E Dangana, Andres P Palomo, Anel Yakupovich, Ibtihaj A Fughhi, Sanjib Basu, Tochukwu M Okwuosa
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: There is paucity of data on effective screening tools and risk predictors of cardiovascular dysfunction to aid early disease intervention in breast patients post radiation therapy. We aimed to assess the use of coronary artery calcium (CAC) and myocardial global longitudinal strain (GLS) by speckle tracking transthoracic echocardiography (echo) as screening tools for early identification of cardiovascular disease in breast cancer patients post radiation therapy. Methods: Using records from the RUMC cancer registry, we identified women aged 18-79 years diagnosed with left sided breast cancer between 1999-2003, post prior treatment with radiation therapy. Seventeen enrolled subjects completed a detailed questionnaire on breast cancer and cardiac disease history and underwent cardiac computed tomography to quantify CAC by Agatston score; and echo to assess subclinical LV dysfunction by GLS. Logistic regression was used to compare subjects’ CAC scores with historical controls using age and race ...
Alloantigen-Activated Human T-Cells Increase Extracellular Fatty Acid Uptake and Intracellular Lipid Metabolism during Xenogeneic Gvhd
Authors: Hirofumi Nakano, Kazuya Sato, Hiroko Hayakawa, Kiyomi Mashima, Daisuke Minakata, Kaoru Morita, Ryoko Yamasaki, Masahiro Ashizawa, Chihiro Yamamoto, Kaoru Hatano, Shin-ichiro Fujiwara, Iekuni Oh, Ken Ohmine, Kazuo Muroi, Yoshinobu Kanda
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 20181: Analysis of QT Interval Correction Formulas in Atrial Fibrillation - A Big Data Approach
Authors: James Tooley, David Ouyang, David Hadley, Victor Froelicher, Marco Perez
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Consensus on the best method for correction of the QT interval in atrial fibrillation (AF) does not exist. Accurate measurements of QT intervals during AF are needed to guide antiarrh...