Moderate Coffee Intake Can Be Part of a Healthy Diet
Authors: Eliseo Guallar, Elena Blasco-Colmenares, Dan E. Arking, Di Zhao
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Editorials15 August 2017Moderate Coffee Intake Can Be Part of a Healthy DietEliseo Guallar, MD, DrPH, Elena Blasco-Colmenares, MD, PhD, MPH, Dan E. Arking, PhD, and Di Zhao, PhDEliseo Guallar, MD, DrPHFrom Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland., Elena Blasco-Colmenares, MD, PhD, MPHFrom Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland., Dan E. Arking, PhDFrom Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland., and Di Zhao, PhDFrom Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M17-1503 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Coffee is one of the most frequently consumed beverages worldwide. In the United States, about 75% of adults drink coffee, and 50% drink it daily (1). Coffee is a major source of caffeine, with wide variation in the amount among different types of coffee (8 mg of caffeine per fluid ounce of instant coffee, 12 mg per fluid ounce of brewed or drip coffee, and 64 mg per fluid ounce of espresso). In addition, coffee contains several bioactive substances, including polyphenols, diterpenes, and melanoidins, also with wide variability depending on the blend and the roasting and brewing methods. Adding sugar, ...References1. Loftfield E, Freedman ND, Dodd KW, Vogtmann E, Xiao Q, Sinha R, et al. Coffee drinking is widespread in the United States, but usual intake varies by key demographic and lifestyle factors. J Nutr. 2016;146:1762-8. [PMID: 27489008] doi:10.3945/jn.116.233940 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Wikoff D, Welsh BT, Henderson R, Brorby GP, Britt J, Myers E, et al. Systematic review of the potential adverse effects of caffeine consumption in healthy adults, pregnant women, adolescents, and children. Food Chem Toxicol. 2017. [PMID: 28438661] doi:10.1016/j.fct.2017.04.002 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Crippa A, Discacciati A, Larsson SC, Wolk A, Orsini N. Coffee consumption and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: a dose-response meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol. 2014;180:763-75. [PMID: 25156996] doi:10.1093/aje/kwu194 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Gunter MJ, Murphy N, Cross AJ, Dossus L, Dartois L, Fagherazzi G, et al. Coffee drinking and mortality in 10 European countries. A multinational cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2017;167:236-47. doi:10.7326/M16-2945 LinkGoogle Scholar5. Park SY, Freedman ND, Haiman CA, LeMarchand L, Wilkens LR, Setiawan VW. Association of coffee consumption with total and cause-specific mortality among nonwhite populations. Ann Intern Med. 2017;167:228-35. doi:10.7326/M16-2472 LinkGoogle Scholar6. Localio AR, Stack CB, Griswold ME. Sensitivity analysis for unmeasured confounding: E-values for observational studies. Ann Intern Med. 2017;167:285-6. doi:10.7326/M17-1485 LinkGoogle Scholar7. Nordestgaard AT, Thomsen M, Nordestgaard BG. Coffee intake and risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study. Int J Epidemiol. 2015;44:551-65. [PMID: 26002927] doi:10.1093/ije/dyv083 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. Kwok MK, Leung GM, Schooling CM. Habitual coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes, ischemic heart disease, depression and Alzheimer's disease: a Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep. 2016;6:36500. [PMID: 27845333] doi:10.1038/srep36500 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. Nordestgaard AT, Nordestgaard BG. Coffee intake, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: observational and Mendelian randomization analyses in 95 000–223 000 individuals. Int J Epidemiol. 2016;45:1938-1952. [PMID: 28031317] doi:10.1093/ije/dyw325 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Eighth edition. December 2015. Accessed at http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines on 19 June 2017. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M17-1503.Corresponding Author: Eliseo Guallar, MD, DrPH, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2024 East Monument Street, Room 2-645, Baltimore, MD 21205; e-mail, [email protected]edu.Current Author Addresses: Dr. Guallar: Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2024 East Monument Street, Room 2-645, Baltimore, MD 21205.Dr. Blasco-Colmenares: Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2024 East Monument Street, Baltimore, MD 21205.Dr. Arking: McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, MRB 459, Baltimore, MD 21205.Dr. Zhao: Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2024 East Monument Street, Room 2-635, Baltimore, MD 21205.This article was published at Annals.org on 11 July 2017. 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Freedman, PhD, MPHMethodological Issues in Nutritional Epidemiology Research—Sorting Through the ConfusionAnti-aging effects of coffee 15 August 2017Volume 167, Issue 4Page: 283-284KeywordsCaffeineClinical epidemiologyCoffeeDietGeneticsMean effective concentrationMortalityPopulation statisticsPrevention, policy, and public healthSystematic reviews ePublished: 11 July 2017 Issue Published: 15 August 2017 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2017 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...