tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 15793: Role of X Gene Variant in Childhood Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Ayako Chida, Yoshiyuki Furutani, Kei Inai, Toru Furukawa, Tomotaka Nakayama, Yasuo Ono, Toshio Nakanishi
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Mutations of BMPR2 and other TGF-β superfamily genes have been reported in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the majority of PAH cases have no disease-causing variants in ...
Fluid administration for acute circulatory dysfunction using basic monitoring: narrative review and expert panel recommendations from an ESICM task force
Authors: Maurizio Cecconi, Glenn Hernandez, Martin Dunser, Massimo Antonelli, Tim Baker, Jan Bakker, Jacques Duranteau, Sharon Einav, A. B. Johan Groeneveld, Tim Harris, Sameer Jog, Flavia R. Machado, Mervyn Mer, M. Ignacio Monge García, Sheila Nainan Myatra, Anders Perner, Jean-Louis Teboul, Jean-Louis Vincent, Daniel De Backer
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2018)
Inflammation and endothelial activation in early adulthood are associated with future emphysema: the CARDIA Lung Study
Authors: J. Michael Wells, Laura A. Colangelo, Lakshmi Sivarajan, Bharat Thyagarajan, Mark T. Dransfield, Carlos Iribarren, Paul A. Reyfman, David R. Jacobs, George R. Washko, Ravi Kalhan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous syndrome that is characterised by inflammation, airflow limitation and emphysema [1]. Systemic inflammation is associated with decreased lung function and an accelerated decline in lung function over time [2–4], and it has been postulated that chronic inflammation accelerates pulmonary structural damage. In addition to systemic inflammation, differences in cell adhesion molecules, which are markers of endothelial activation, have been tied to accelerated progression of emphysema on computed tomography (CT) in a large community population [5]. However, whether endothelial activation or systemic inflammation predicts the development of emphysema remains unclear. We hypothesised that elevated circulating levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), fibrinogen, and the cellular adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and P-selectin, measured in early adulthood, are associated with emphysema on CT in middle age in a general population-based sample. Circulating markers of inflammation and endothelial activation predict future emphysema in a sample of generally healthy young adults <http://ow.ly/7DCW30mqyvO>
Genome-Wide Regulatory Adaptation Shapes Population-Level Genomic Landscapes in<i>Heliconius</i>
Authors: James J Lewis, Robert D Reed
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2018)

Cis-regulatory evolution is an important engine of organismal diversification. Although recent studies have looked at genomic patterns of regulatory evolution between species, we still have a poor understanding of the magnitude and nature of regulatory variation within species. Here, we examine the evolution of regulatory element activity over wing development in three Heliconius erato butterfly populations to determine how regulatory variation is associated with population structure. We show that intraspecific divergence in chromatin accessibility and regulatory activity is abundant, and that regulatory variants are spatially clustered in the genome. Regions with strong population structure are highly enriched for regulatory variants, and enrichment patterns are associated with developmental stage and gene expression. We also found that variable regulatory elements are particularly enriched in species-specific genomic regions and long interspersed nuclear elements. Our findings suggest that genome-wide selection on chromatin accessibility and regulatory activity is an important force driving patterns of genomic divergence within Heliconius species. This work also provides a resource for the study of gene regulatory evolution in H. erato and other heliconiine butterflies.
Abstract 12311: A New Score to Differentiate Idiopathic/Heritable Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension From Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Fabio Dardi, Nikita Tanese, Sergio Caravita, Andrea Rinaldi, Celine Dewachter, Enrico Gotti, Thomas Nguyen, Enrico Monti, Alessandra Albini, Massimiliano Palazzini, Alessandra Manes, Jean Luc Vachiery, Nazzareno Galiè
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: the distinction between pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (PH-HFpEF) and idiopathic/heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (I/H-PAH)...
Cell and fluid sampling microneedle patches for monitoring skin-resident immunity
Authors: Anasuya Mandal, Archana V. Boopathy, Lionel K. W. Lam, Kelly D. Moynihan, Mary E. Welch, Nitasha R. Bennett, Michelle E. Turvey, Nikki Thai, Jenny H. Van, J. Christopher Love, Paula T. Hammond, Darrell J. Irvine
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2018)

A minimally invasive microneedle device allows repeated sampling of tissue-resident immune cell populations from the skin.
Immunoregulatory functions of innate lymphoid cells
Authors: Sarah Q. Crome, Pamela S. Ohashi
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2018)

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are increasingly being recognized for their ability to impact both innate and adaptive immune cells in diverse contexts. ILCs have been observed in all secondary lymphoid tissues, in addition to being tissue-resident innate lymphocytes. In these locations, ILCs are poised to interact with various immune cells at different stages of an immune response. While the heterogeneity and plasticity of ILCs has complicated their study, their association with immune dysregulation in a wide range of pathologies highlights their importance to human health and disease. Notably, in addition to promoting inflammatory immune responses, populations of ILCs have been shown to inhibit immune responses through a variety of mechanisms. The reports of ILC-mediated regulation of immune responses have differed in terms of the phenotype of the regulatory ILC populations, and their mechanism of action. Yet the ability to modulate immune responses appears to be an important function of ILCs. As our understanding of this family of lymphocytes evolves, delineating the factors that dictate whether ILCs orchestrate inflammatory immune responses or suppresses these responses will be important for understanding various disease mechanisms. Here we focus on recent reports that examine how ILCs regulate immunity in different contexts.
Merete Møller #HandballChampion
Authors: Alexandra Ross
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

#Industrious—that’s what my friends say. But I hope I am more to them than that.

‘Enjoy playing handball even more—it won’t last forever’.

I think my teachers were more worried than I was about the amount of time I spent playing handball. So to them I would say: ‘It is ok! I am going to do alright!’

I am fortunate to have competed in two handball world championships’—in 1997, for both senior and youth and emerge victorious on both occasions. It is impossible for me to choose between them. The youth championships was a culmination of 4 years of hard work with an amazing group of players and friends. And the senior championship was special because I was 19 years old, playing with and against all the players who I looked up to. We celebrated that championship with ‘Denmark’, on the balcony of the City House in Copenhagen with the Crown Prince, in front of thousands of people.



I aim to increase the focus and involvement of target users so that we get a better context-specific understanding of the aetiology behind injuries to enhance and inform preventive strategies based on the players, coaches and others on a daily basis. I strongly believe that you don’t achieve any real-world changes if you don’t involve the real world in your research efforts.



One month before …
Phase II Trial of Bortezomib-Based Induction, Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation, Bortezomib-Based Consolidation, and Bortezomib Maintenance in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma in Japan
Authors: Junya Kanda, Masayuki Kobayashi, Takeshi Maeda, Toshiyuki Toshiyuki, Masaaki Tsuji, Tatsuharu Ohno, Yasunori Ueda, Takayuki Ishikawa, Masaharu Nohgawa, Mitsumasa Watanabe, Kazunori Imada, Toshinori Moriguchi, Mitsuru Itoh, Hitoshi Ohno, Akihito Yonezawa, Hirokazu Hirata, Nobuyoshi Arima, Kosuke Asagoe, Naoyuki Anzai, Shinji Yasuno, Yoshihiro Kuwabara, Hiromi Kitao, Ihhwa Kim, Kiyomi Kawagishi, Kenji Ueshima, Shinjiro Tominari, Takeo Nakayama, Kouhei Yamashita, Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
Journal: Blood (2018)
Abstract 12793: Anemia and the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Arrest in General Population
Authors: In-Jung Kim, Pil-Sung Yang, Tae-Hoon Kim, Jae-Sun Uhm, Hui-Nam Pak, Moon-Hyoung Lee, Boyoung Joung
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Anemia might be associated with increased sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in several cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between anemia and SCA is still unclear in general population. Hypothesis: This study assessed the effect of anemia on SCA in general population. Methods: From the Korean National Health Insurance Database Cohort (NHID-Cohort), we studied 494,948 subjects (mean age, 47.8 [SD, 14.2] years; 245,333 men [49.6%]) with national health check-up. Hemoglobin (Hb, g/dl) was evaluated as both a continuous and a categorical variable (mild anemia, 11 to &lt; 13 for men and 11 to &lt; 12 for women; moderate anemia, 8 to &lt; 11; and severe anemia &lt; 8). Results: During a mean follow up period of 5.4 years, SCA occurred in 989 participants (352 women). Incidence rates for SCA increased across the 4 anemia groups in men (0.5, 2.6, 8.8, and 8.9 per 1000 person-years) and women (0.3, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.9 per 1000 person-years), respectively. In multivariable models adjusted for cardiovascular factors and interim myocardial infarction, a 26 and 28% increased in SCA risk per 1-unit decrease in Hb was observed in men (95% confidence interval [CI], 20-33%; P&lt;.001) and in women (95% CI, 19-39%; P&lt;.001). Adjusted hazard ratios for SCA associated with anemia were 2.08 (95% CI, 1.71-2.53; P&lt;.001) and 1.88 (95% CI, 1.50-2.35; P&lt;.001) for men and women, respectively, compared with individuals without anemia. Adjusted hazard ratios of SCA also increased as severity of anemia. (Severe anemia; 7.58 [95% CI, 2.82-20.35; P&lt;.001] and 7.81 [95% CI, 3.45-17.67; P&lt;.001)] in men and women, respectively) Conclusions: Anemia was associated with increased risk of SCA in general population. Anemia should, therefore, be considered as a useful prognosticator, and therapeutic strategies aimed to increase hemoglobin levels in general population should be investigated.
Katherine Dec #SportsDoc #OutstandingSportsPerson
Authors: Alexandra Ross
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2018)

Working directly with my longtime friend, Cindy Chang, MD. We met through volleyball and in our residency training years despite an OSU and MSU rivalry. We planned to work together professionally despite jobs and families pulling us to opposite coasts. Then in 2008, with the Beijing Paralympics, we were both selected as physicians for team USA with the US Olympic Committee. All those years of practising my Mandarin made it twice as enriching.

Dear Kathy, stop worrying about how people judge you. Realise that failure is only a means to greater success. Remember it is about the moments and the experience of living that creates a life. My extended family will tell you I still need to read these words as my perfectionist tendencies surface sometimes!

Wake up before the family, let the dogs out, do yoga, read daily bible passage and get a workout in before kids go to school. Sometimes I plan the day over coffee or take the dogs for morning walk at sunrise.

I have been a part of some memorable sporting moments in my coverage with Team USA and colleges. I would have to pick something of my kids: the swim meets where they all hit their personal records in same meet, or my son hitting the shot to win his eighth grade basketball game—it was a drop step in low post, bank shot; poetry, just like we …
TLR8: No gain, no pain
Authors: Franck J. Barrat
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2018)

TLRs have been well characterized in the context of immunity, although TLR8 is understudied due to its controversial function in mice. In this issue of JEM, the new work by Zhang et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20180800) demonstrates that TLR8 activated by miR-21 controls neuropathic pain using a non-MyD88–dependent pathway.
Role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in cancer
Authors: Maryam Moossavi, Negin Parsamanesh, Afsane Bahrami, Stephen L. Atkin, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2018)

Inflammasomes are large intracellular multi-protein signalling complexes that are formed in the cytosolic compartment as an inflammatory immune response to endogenous danger signals. The formation of the inflammasome enables activation of an inflammatory protease caspase-1, pyroptosis initiation with the subsequent cleaving of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and proIL-18 to produce active forms. The inflammasome complex consists of a Nod-like receptor (NLR), the adapter apoptosis-associated speck-like (ASC) protein, and Caspase-1. Dysregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation is involved tumor pathogenesis, although its role in cancer development and progression remains controversial due to the inconsistent findings described. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the contribution of the NLRP3 inflammasome on potential cancer promotion and therapy.
Intermediate Diabetes Outcomes in Patients Managed by Physicians, Nurse Practitioners, or Physician Assistants
Authors: George L. Jackson, Valerie A. Smith, David Edelman, Sandra L. Woolson, Cristina C. Hendrix, Christine M. Everett, Theodore S. Berkowitz, Brandolyn S. White, Perri A. Morgan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Background: Primary care provided by nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) has been proposed as a solution to expected workforce shortages. Objective: To examine potential differences in intermediate diabetes outcomes among patients of physician, NP, and PA primary care providers (PCPs). Design: Cohort study using data from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) electronic health record. Setting: 568 VA primary care facilities. Patients: 368 481 adult patients with diabetes treated pharmaceutically. Measurements: The relationship between the profession of the PCP (the provider the patient visited most often in 2012) and both continuous and dichotomous control of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was examined on the basis of the mean of measurements in 2013. Inverse probability of PCP type was used to balance cohort characteristics. Hierarchical linear mixed models and logistic regression models were used to analyze continuous and dichotomous outcomes, respectively. Results: The PCPs were physicians (n = 3487), NPs (n = 1445), and PAs (n = 443) for 74.9%, 18.2%, and 6.9% of patients, respectively. The difference in HbA1c values compared with physicians was −0.05% (95% CI, −0.07% to −0.02%) for NPs and 0.01% (CI, −0.02% to 0.04%) for PAs. For SBP, the difference was −0.08 mm Hg (CI, −0.34 to 0.18 mm Hg) for NPs and 0.02 mm Hg (CI, −0.42 to 0.38 mm Hg) for PAs. For LDL-C, the difference was 0.01 mmol/L (CI, 0.00 to 0.03 mmol/L) (0.57 mg/dL [CI, 0.03 to 1.11 mg/dL]) for NPs and 0.03 mmol/L (CI, 0.01 to 0.05 mmol/L) (1.08 mg/dL [CI, 0.25 to 1.91 mg/dL]) for PAs. None of these differences were clinically significant. Limitation: Most VA patients are men who receive treatment in a staff-model health care system. Conclusion: No clinically significant variation was found among the 3 PCP types with regard to diabetes outcomes, suggesting that similar chronic illness outcomes may be achieved by physicians, NPs, and PAs. Primary Funding Source: VA Health Services Research and Development.
Transcatheter Aortic Heart Valves
Authors: Stephanie L. Sellers, Christopher T. Turner, Janarthanan Sathananthan, Timothy R.G. Cartlidge, Frances Sin, Rihab Bouchareb, John Mooney, Bjarne L. Nørgaard, Jeroen J. Bax, Pascal N. Bernatchez, Marc R. Dweck, David J. Granville, David E. Newby, Sandra Lauck, John G. Webb, Geoffrey W. Payne, Philippe Pibarot, Philipp Blanke, Michael A. Seidman, Jonathon A. Leipsic
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2018)
Abstract 16067: Prognostic Impact of Myocardial Fibrosis in Adults With and Without Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction
Authors: Lin Wang, Hasimar Singh, Michael Passick, Wei Chen, Qizhi Chen, Jie Jane Cao
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Myocardial fibrosis is likely an important cause of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction (DD) contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this study we investiga...
SGLT2 inhibitors for diabetes are linked to increased risk of lower limb amputation
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Patients with type 2 diabetes treated with sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have a higher risk of lower limb amputation and diabetic ketoacidosis than those who take glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor agonists, a study published in The BMJ has found.1

SGLT2 inhibitors are increasingly used in treating type 2 diabetes. But some studies suggest that they are associated with serious complications, including lower limb amputation, bone fracture, diabetic ketoacidosis, acute kidney injury, serious urinary tract infections, venous thromboembolism, and acute pancreatitis.

To better understand these …
Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance: challenges and opportunities from 18 years’ experience, Spain, 1998 to 2015
Authors: Josefa Masa-Calles, Nuria Torner, Noemí López-Perea, María de Viarce Torres de Mier, Beatriz Fernández-Martínez, María Cabrerizo, Virtudes Gallardo-García, Carmen Malo, Mario Margolles, Margarita Portell, Natividad Abadía, Aniceto Blasco, Sara García-Hernández, Henar Marcos, Núria Rabella, Celia Marín, Amelia Fuentes, Isabel Losada, Juan García Gutiérrez, Alba Nieto, Visitación García Ortúzar, Manuel García Cenoz, José María Arteagoitia, Ángela Blanco Martínez, Ana Rivas, Daniel Castrillejo
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2018)

Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance is key for global polio eradication. It allows detecting poliovirus (PV) reintroductions from endemic countries. This study describes AFP surveillance in Spain from 1998 to 2015. During this time, 678 AFP cases were reported to the Spanish National Surveillance Network. The mean notification rate was 0.58 AFP cases/100,000 population under 15 years old (range: 0.45/100,000-0.78/100,000). Two periods (P) are described: P1 (1998-2006) with the AFP notification rate ranging from 0.66/100,000 to 0.78/100,000, peaking in 2001 (0.84/100,000); and P2 (2007-2015) when the AFP rate ranged from 0.43/100,000 to 0.57/100,000, with the lowest rate in 2009 (0.31/100,000). No poliomyelitis cases were caused by wild PV infections, although two Sabin-like PVs and one imported vaccine-derived PV-2 were detected. Overall, 23 (3.4%) cases met the hot case definition. Most cases were clinically diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome (76.9%; 504/655). The adequate stool collection rate ranged from 33.3% (7/21) to 72.5% (29/40). The annual proportion of AFP cases with non-polio enterovirus findings varied widely across the study period. AFP surveillance with laboratory testing for non-polio enteroviruses must be maintained and enhanced both to monitor polio eradication and to establish sensitive surveillance for prompt detection of other enteroviruses causing serious symptoms.
Her2 targeted nanoparticle bioconjugates for breast cancer treatment
Authors: Frank Alexis, Pamela Basto, Etgar Levy-Nissenbaum, Frank Gu, Aleksandar Radovic-Moreno, Robert Langer, Omid Farokhzad
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

4181  An estimated 211000 new cases and 40000 deaths will be attributed breast cancer in the USA in 2006. Novel approaches that allow for a more effective and less toxic chemotherapy for disseminated breast cancer are needed for which the current therapies are largely ineffective. Targeted drug encapsulated nanoparticles may decrease the side effects of available treatment and increase their efficiency resulting in enhanced therapeutic index of available chemotherapies. The targeted delivery of nanoparticles with polypeptides may confer certain advantages when compared to antibodies such as small size, robustness of platform, and synthetic production that can facilitate scale-up production. We report the development of controlled release polymer nanoparticles using a poly (D,L lactic)-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymer with a terminal maleimide functional group (PLA-PEG-MAL). These nanoparticles were conjugated to a polypeptide sequence that has a preferential binding characteristics for the Her-2 receptor, a well characterized antigen that is overexpressed on the surface of breast and pancreatic cancers. The resulting pegylated nanoparticle-peptide bioconjugates were ~120 nm in size and had negative surface charge of ~ -5 mV. The combination of these characteristics is expected to minimize the non-specific clearance of these nanoparticles by the body’s immune system. The conjugation of the peptide does not affect the physical properties of the nanoparticles and we did not observe any nanoparticle aggregation. We next demonstrated a differential cytotoxity of these bioconjugates using docetaxel encapsulated targeted nanoparticles. These bioconjugates specifically bound to and were taken up by the Her2 expressing cells resulting in enhanced differential cytotoxity as compared cells which do not express Her2, and to empty nanoparticle controls. These targeted drug delivery nanoparticles could be used as a powerful therapeutic tool for Her2 expressing cancers.  Keywords: Her2, Poly(lactic acid), PLA, targeted nanoparticles, docetaxel  Topic: Drug Delivery & Therapeutics- Targeting at Molecular, Cellular and Higher Levels.  Figure 1. Targeted nanoparticle-polypeptide conjugates uptake into SKBR-3 cells