tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Refining Treatment Approaches in Comorbid Trichotillomania and Bipolar Disorder: Response to Sharma and Baczynski
Authors: Jon E. Grant
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2017)

Chamberlain (1), published in the September 2016 issue of the Journal, on the assessment and treatment of trichotillomania.As the authors point out, psychiatric comorbidity is the rule rather than the exception in patients with trichotillomania.In one study (2), approximately 55% of patients with trichotillomania met DSM-III-R criteria for a lifetime diagnosis of a mood disorder, including bipolar disorder in a small number of patients.While major depressive disorder is the most common mood disorder, the relationship between trichotillomania and bipolar disorder remains unclear (3).Over the past few years, we have successfully treated several women at our perinatal psychiatric clinic who were comorbid for bipolar II disorder and trichotillomania (4).Interestingly, all of our patients (N55) had experienced exacerbation of symptoms of trichotillomania immediately after giving birth.All patients failed to respond to trials of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and two patients failed to respond to olanzapine.However, there was a robust and sustained response to lithium (in three patients) or lamotrigine (in two patients) monotherapy.Studies have shown a correlation between changes in reproductive physiology and the onset or exacerbation of symptoms of trichotillomania in humans and hair plucking behavior (barbering) in mice (S.Husk, 2010 master's thesis).Childbirth is also a well-recognized trigger of onset or exacerbation of bipolar disorder.As the authors point out, SSRIs are not generally effective in trichotillomania.Moreover, the use of these drugs in patients with bipolar disorder may lead to further mood instability.Available literature, although limited to anecdotal reports, suggests that antidepressants should be avoided in favor of mood stabilizers for management of trichotillomania and bipolar disorder comorbidity.
NIMG-03FALSE POSITIVE DETECTION OF RESIDUAL TUMOR IN THE IMMEDIATE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD
Authors: Harish Babu, Ray Chu, John Yu, Keith Black
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

BACKGROUND: Standards for residual tumor detection after resection of brain tumors with have not been established.In the postoperative period presence of contrast enhancement is suggestive of residual tumor.METHODS: We report a case of radiological postoperative metastatic tumor residual, which upon repeat resection was found to negative for presence of tumor.RESULTS: We report a case of a patient with metastatic tumor whose immediate postoperative MRI revealed enhancement in the peritumoral resection area which was suspicious for residual tumor.Repeat craniotomy for residual tumor was offered the following day after the first resection and the enhancing area was resected.Repeat postoperative MRI did not reveal any enhancing lesion.Final pathology revealed features of gliosis without any residual tumor.A follow up MRI 4 weeks later did not show any enhancing lesion either.This report suggests that the sensitivity of MRI may allow for detection of new lesions which are not tumor.CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that not all enhancing lesion in the immediate postoperative period represent tumors.Repeat surgery may be warranted only in those patients in whom the enhancement fails to subside with time.
Cognitive control, dynamic salience, and the imperative toward computational accounts of neuromodulatory function
Authors: Christopher Michael Warren, Peter Richard Murphy, Sander Nieuwenhuis
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2016)

We draw attention to studies indicating that phasic arousal increases interference effects in tasks necessitating the recruitment of cognitive control. We suggest that arousal-biased competition models such as GANE (glutamate amplifies noradrenergic effects) may be able to explain these findings by taking into account dynamic, within-trial changes in the relative salience of task-relevant and task-irrelevant features. However, testing this hypothesis requires a computational model.
Phase III RECOURSE trial of TAS-102 versus placebo with best supportive care in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: Geographic subgroups.
Authors: Atsushi Ohtsu, Takayuki Yoshino, Mona M. Wahba, Fabio M. Benedetti, Alfredo Falcone, Rocio Garcia-Carbonero, Josep Tabernero, Alberto F. Sobrero, Marc Peeters, Alberto Zaniboni, Yasuhiro Shimada, Kentaro Yamazaki, Yoshito Komatsu, Howard S. Hochster, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Ben Tran, Robert J. Mayer, Eric Van Cutsem
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

646 Background: TAS-102 is comprised of an antineoplastic thymidine-based nucleoside analog, trifluridine, and the thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor, tipiracil hydrochloride, at a molar ratio of 1:0.5 (weight ratio, 1:0.471). The efficacy and safety of TAS-102 in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer refractory/intolerant to standard therapies were evaluated in the RECOURSE trial; enrollment criteria included ≥ 2 prior lines of standard chemotherapy. Primary results of RECOURSE demonstrated a significant improvement in overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with TAS-102 vs placebo (PBO) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.68 and 0.48 for OS and PFS, respectively; both P&lt; 0.0001). Methods: RECOURSE data were evaluated for efficacy and safety, including rate of hospitalizations, of TAS-102 vs PBO by each geographic subgroup of US, EU, and Japan (JP). Results: Of 768 pts, 99 US (mean age, 60 y), 403 EU (mean age, 62 y), and 266 JP (mean age, 62 y) pts were randomized to receive TAS-102 or PBO. Median OS with TAS-102 vs PBO was 6.5 mo vs 4.3 mo in US pts, 6.8 mo vs 4.9 mo in EU pts, and 7.8 mo vs 6.7 mo in JP pts. HRs for OS and PFS for US, EU, and JP pts all favored TAS-102 (Table). There were no marked differences among the US, EU, and JP subgroups with respect to overall incidence of adverse events (AEs), ≥ Grade 3 AEs, serious AEs (SAEs), or hospitalizations. Conclusions: Similar to the overall RECOURSE population, OS and PFS benefits were observed in each geographic subgroup randomized to TAS-102 vs PBO, with an acceptable safety profile. Clinical trial information: NCT01607957. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Osteopontin RNA aptamer can prevent and reverse pressure overload-induced heart failure
Authors: Jihe Li, Keyvan Yousefi, Wen Ding, Jayanti Singh, Lina A. Shehadeh
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2017)

Cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, the main compensatory response to chronic stress in the heart often progresses to a state of decompensation that can lead to heart failure. Osteopontin (OPN) is an effector for extracellular signalling that induces myocyte growth and fibrosis. Although increased OPN activity has been observed in stressed myocytes and fibroblasts, the detailed and long term effects of blocking OPN signalling on the heart remain poorly defined. Targeting cardiac OPN protein by an RNA aptamer may be beneficial for tuning down OPN pathologic signalling. We aimed to demonstrate the therapeutic effects of an OPN RNA aptamer on cardiac dysfunction.
A phase III randomized, open-label multicenter trial to evaluate the benefit of leuprorelin acetate for 24 months after radical prostatectomy in patients with high risk of recurrence (AFU-GETUG 20/0310).
Authors: Francois Rozet, Muriel Habibian, Jocelyne Berille, Lise Roca, Laurent Salomon, Michel Soulie, Stephane Culine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

252 Background: Post radical prostatectomy patients (RP) with extra prostatic extension or high Gleason grade are considered to have a high risk of treatment failure. Actual role of LH-RH agonists after RP in patients with high risk of recurrence remains unclear, except for the patients with positive lymph nodes. No randomized prospective study has been published with LH-RH agonists in the PSA era. Recent SWOG 9921 study shows a favorable disease-free and 5-year overall survival of 96% for high-risk patients treated with 24 months of ADT after surgery. However, this study does not define the optimal protocol of adjuvant ADT, and does not demonstrate the superiority of immediate vs delayed treatment. The Objective of the AFU-GETUG 20 study is to evaluate the benefit of leuprorelin acetate for 24 months after RP in patients with high risk of recurrence. Methods: Academic Phase III randomised, open-label, multicenter trial starting in late 2011. Inclusion criteria : R0, N0-Nx M0 patients after RP in the 3 months preceding inclusion and with postoperative Gleason score &gt; 7, or ≥ 7 with the presence of 5 grade Gleason patterns or, or pT3b tumor, and with postoperative PSA &lt; 0.1 ng/mL. Exclusion criteria : previous/current therapy for PCa. Primary endpoint is the evaluation of metastatic progression free survival. Secondary endpoints include overall survival, disease-specific survival, PSA evolution, evaluation of testosterone level, and quality of life. Results: A total of 700 patients (350 in each arm) and 250 events are required to have 80% ability to detect a difference with a bilateral Logrank test with α= 0.05 and β= 0.20. Decision rules will be determined by the O’ Brien-Fleming sequential boundaries at the time of the analysis. Interim analysis is planned at the 125th event (50% of events) for 6.5 years after the start of the trial. Final analysis is planned for 12 years after the inclusion of the first patient. Conclusions: The AFU-GETUG 20 study is a pioneering French multicenter trial aiming to evaluate the actual role and place of ADT after RP for patients with high-risk prostate cancer.
Risks for<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>colonization in patients with psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: C.Y. Ng, Y.H. Huang, C.F. Chu, T.C. Wu, S.H. Liu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

Evidence on whether patients with psoriasis have a higher risk for staphylococcal colonization than healthy controls remains controversial. To synthesize the current literature, we performed a systematic review on the prevalence and relative risk (RR) of Staphylococcus aureus colonization in patients with psoriasis. We modified the QUADAS‐2 instrument to assess the reporting quality of individual studies and applied random‐effects models in meta‐analysis. Overall we identified 21 eligible studies, of which 15 enrolled one or more comparison groups. The pooled prevalence of staphylococcal colonization in patients with psoriasis was 35·3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 25·0–45·6] on lesional skin and 39·2% (95% CI 33·7–44·8) in the nares. Patients with psoriasis were 4·5 times more likely to be colonized by S. aureus than healthy controls were on the skin (RR 5·54, 95% CI 3·21–9·57) and 60% more in the nares (RR 1·60, 95% CI 1·11–2·32). Cutaneous and nasal colonization by meticillin‐resistant S. aureus also appeared higher in patients with psoriasis (pooled prevalence 8·6%) than in healthy controls (2·6%), yet the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0·74). In contrast, despite of a similar risk for nasal staphylococcal colonization (RR 0·67, 95% CI 0·38–1·18), patients with psoriasis were less likely to carry S. aureus on lesional skin than atopic patients (RR 0·64, 95% CI 0·40–1·02). In summarizing the current literature, we found that patients with psoriasis were at an increased risk for staphylococcal colonization compared with healthy individuals. Prospective studies on how bacterial loads correlate with disease activity can guide the clinical management of bacterial colonization while preventing the emergence of drug‐resistant strains.
Switch Rates During Acute Treatment for Bipolar II Depression With Lithium, Sertraline, or the Two Combined: A Randomized Double-Blind Comparison
Authors: Lori L. Altshuler, Catherine A. Sugar, Susan L. McElroy, Brian Calimlim, Michael Gitlin, Paul E. Keck, Ana Aquino-Elias, Brian E. Martens, E. Grace Fischer, Teri L. English, Janine Roach, Trisha Suppes
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2017)

Objective: The authors compared medication-induced mood switch risk (primary outcome), as well as treatment response and side effects (secondary outcomes) with three acute-phase treatments for bipolar II depression. Method: In a 16-week, double-blind, multisite comparison study, 142 participants with bipolar II depression were randomly assigned to receive lithium monotherapy (N=49), sertraline monotherapy (N=45), or combination treatment with lithium and sertraline (N=48). At each visit, mood was assessed using standardized rating scales. Rates of switch were compared, as were rates of treatment response and the presence and severity of treatment-emergent side effects. Results: Twenty participants (14%) experienced a switch during the study period (hypomania, N=17; severe hypomania, N=3). Switch rates did not differ among the three treatment groups, even after accounting for dropout. No patient had a manic switch or was hospitalized for a switch. Most switches occurred within the first 5 weeks of treatment. The treatment response rate for the overall sample was 62.7% (N=89), without significant differences between groups after accounting for dropout. The lithium/sertraline combination group had a significantly higher overall dropout rate than the monotherapy groups but did not have an accelerated time to response. Conclusions: Lithium monotherapy, sertraline monotherapy, and lithium/sertraline combination therapy were associated with similar switch and treatment response rates in participants with bipolar II depression. The dropout rate was higher in the lithium/sertraline combination treatment group, without any treatment acceleration advantage.
Antithymocyte Globulin (ATG) Plus Cyclosporine (CsA) and Combined with Cord Blood Infusion Is Superior to ATG Plus Csa for the Treatment of Severe Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Zhiping Fan, Qifa Liu, Jing Sun, Qianli Jiang, Fen Huang, Xian Zhang, Dan Xu, Hongsheng Zhou, Bing Xu, Fanyi Meng, Xiaoli Liu, Ru Feng
Journal: Blood (2012)
Combined Use of Dendritic Cells Enhances Specific Anti-Leukemia Effect of Leukemia Cell-Derived-HSP70 in a Mouse Model with Minimal Residual Leukemia Cells.
Authors: Kazuya Sato, Yoshihiro Torimoto, Yasuyuki Iuchi, Yasuaki Tamura, Junko Jimbo, Junki Inamura, Motohiro Shindo, Katsuya Ikuta, Yutaka Kohgo
Journal: Blood (2004)
Docetaxel, cisplatin and gemcitabine as first line for patients with advanced/metastatic head and neck cancer
Authors: C. H. Kouroussis, N. Androulakis, J. Boukovinas, S. Agelaki, L. Vamvakas, K. Syrigos, A. Potamianou, C. H. Christophillakis, E. Tselepatiotis, L. Helis, A. Polyzos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

5586 Background: Docetaxel, cisplatin and gemcitabine are active drugs in head and neck cancer. A phase II study was conducted to evaluate the activity of their combination in patients with relapsed or metastatic H&N cancer. Methods: Twenty-seven patients have been entered with median age 65, performance status (WHO) 0:15, 1:8, 2:4. Eighteen (67%) pts had local disease, 14 (52%) lymph nodes, 9 (33%) lung, 2 (7%) pleura and 2 (7%) bone metastases. Cisplatin (80mg/m2) was administered on d1, docetaxel (80mg/m2) on d15 and gemcitabine (1100mg/m2) on d1 and d15 every 4 weeks. Results: Among 21 patients evaluable for response there were 1CR and 6PRs for an ORR 33% (95% CI 22.4–55.1). The median duration of response was 8.9 months, the median TTP 6 months and the estimated median survival 8.1 months. A total of 107 cycles have been administered with a median of 4 cycles/pt. Nineteen (18%) cycles were delayed, dose reduction was performed in 16 (15%) and rhG-CSF support was administered in 60 (56%) cycles. Toxicities included one (4%) pt with grII febrile neutropenia, 11 (41%) pts with gr3/4 neutropenia, one (4%) gr3 anemia, and one (4%) of each gr3 mucositis, asthenia and vomiting. After a median follow up of 6 months (range 1–29.5), seven (26%) patients have died all due to disease progression. Conclusions: The combination of docetaxel with cisplatin and gemcitabine has modest activity and manageable toxicity in patients with relapsed or metastatic H&N carcinomas. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Myeloblasts Convert into Fibroblastoid Stromal Cells To Create a Microenvironment for Proliferation of Leukemia Blasts in Acute and Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Cases.
Authors: Haruko Tashiro, Mitsuho Noguchi, Ryosuke Shirasaki, Moritaka Gotoh, Kazuo Kawasugi, Naoki Shirafuji
Journal: Blood (2006)
A Novel View of Bone Marrow As a “stem Cell sensor” of Tissue/Organ Damage -Evidence That in Vivo Exposure to the Neurotoxin Kainic Acid (KA) Induces Proliferation and Neural Specification of Developmentally Early Stem Cells Directly in Bone Marrow Before They Are Mobilized Into Peripheral Blood
Authors: Katarzyna Grymula, Maciej Tarnowski, Malwina Suszynska, Katarzyna Piotrowska, Sylwia Borkowska, Kasia Mierzejewska, Magdalena Kucia, Mariusz Z Ratajczak
Journal: Blood (2012)
First line dual therapy for gonorrhoea to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Hamish Mohammed, Bersabeh Sile, Martina Furegato, Sarah Woodhall, Helen Fifer, Gwenda Hughes
Journal: BMJ (2017)

England is experiencing an outbreak of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with high level resistance to azithromycin.1 The BMJ reported 34 cases in April 2016,2 which had risen to 56 by October 2016.3

Most gonorrhoea diagnoses in England are made in specialist sexual health clinics, but …
Comparison of Outcomes After Unrelated Cord Blood Transplantation and Matched Unrelated Donor RIC Transplantation for Lymphoid Malignancies - A Eurocord-Netcord Group/ Lymphoma Working Party and Chronic Leukemia Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Study.
Authors: Celso Arrais Rodrigues, Carmen Canals, Claudio Brunstein, Jürgen Finke, Arnon Nagler, Johan Maertens, Jean-Luc Harousseau, Dietger Niederwieser, Olle Ringden, Jan J. Cornelissen, Tapani Ruutu, Nigel H. Russell, François Guilhot, Bernard Rio, Didier Blaise, John E. Wagner, Eliane Gluckman, Peter Dreger, Vanderson Rocha, Anna Sureda
Journal: Blood (2009)
Bortezomib-Thalidomide-Dexamethasone Incorporated Into Autotransplantation Is Associated with More Favorable Outcomes After Relapse in Comparison with Thalidomide-Dexamethasone Plus Autotransplantation in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Michele Cavo, Monica Galli, Lucia Pantani, Francesco Di Raimondo, Claudia Crippa, Massimo Offidani, Elena Zamagni, Vittorio Montefusco, Franco Narni, Annalisa Pezzi, Antonio Spadano, Norbert Pescosta, Paola Tacchetti, Luca Baldini, Antonio Ledda, Claudia Cellini, Tommaso Caravita, Antonietta Falcone, Chiara Nozzoli, Renato Zambello, Luciano Masini, Mario Boccadoro
Journal: Blood (2012)
Stuck in the heat or stuck in the hierarchy? Power relations explain regional variations in violence
Authors: Mario Weick, Milica Vasiljevic, Ayse K. Uskul, Chanki Moon
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Abstract We contend that an ecological account of violence and aggression requires consideration of societal and cultural settings. Focusing on hierarchical relations, we argue countries with higher (vs. lower) power distance are, on average, located closer to the equator, have more challenging climates (e.g., higher temperature; lower temperature variation), and have a greater prevalence of violence and aggression (e.g., higher homicide rates).
Long Term Follow up of Two Randomized Trials on Antithymocyte Globulin (ATG) for GVHD Prophylaxis in Unrelated Donor Transplants: Chronic GVHD, Bronchiolitis and Quality of Life.
Authors: Andrea Bacigalupo, Maurizio Vignola, Teresa Lamparelli, Paolo Bruzzi, Stefano Guidi, Paolo Alessandrino, Palo Di Bartolomeo, Rosa Oneto, Barbara Bruno, Mario Barbanti, Nicoletta Sacchi, Maria Teresa Van Lint, Alberto Bosi
Journal: Blood (2004)
Agricultural Pesticide Use Ã‚Â and the T(14;18) Connection to Lymphomagenesis
Authors: Sandrine Roulland, Julie Agopian, Yannick Lecluse, Jean-Marc Navarro, Anne-claire Gac, Mélanie Briand, Pierre Grenot, Pascal Gauduchon, Philippe Ruminy, Pierre Lebailly, Bertrand Nadel
Journal: Blood (2008)
Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices — In Progress
Authors: Roland Hetzer, Eva M. Delmo Walter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

Clinical research into mechanical circulatory support systems dates back to the 1960s, with the first reported successful human implantation of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) for postoperative heart failure, in a 37-year-old woman with aortic insufficiency and mitral stenosis.1 Early ventricular assist devices were typically extracorporeal pumps. In general, only short-term use was clinically feasible; the duration of support was limited by the high risk of thrombosis, bleeding, infection, and device malfunction.Investigators during the 1970s and 1980s focused their efforts on the development of implantable pulsatile pumps to reduce some of the risks associated with the external machines. . . .
Pan-mutant-IDH1 inhibitor BAY1436032 is highly effective against human IDH1 mutant acute myeloid leukemia in vivo
Authors: A Chaturvedi, L Herbst, S Pusch, L Klett, R Goparaju, D Stichel, S Kaulfuss, O Panknin, K Zimmermann, L Toschi, R Neuhaus, A Haegebarth, H Rehwinkel, H Hess-Stumpp, M Bauser, T Bochtler, E A Struys, A Sharma, A Bakkali, R Geffers, M M Araujo-Cruz, F Thol, R Gabdoulline, A Ganser, A D Ho, A von Deimling, K Rippe, M Heuser, A Krämer
Journal: Leukemia (2017)
What BANE can offer GANE: Individual differences in function of hotspot mechanisms
Authors: Rebecca M Todd, Mana R Ehlers, Adam K Anderson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2016)

Abstract In this commentary we focus on individual differences in proposed mechanisms underlying arousal-based enhancement of prioritized stimuli. We discuss the potential of genotyping studies for examining effects of noradrenergic processes on stimulus prioritization in humans and stress the importance of potential individual differences in the activity of specific receptor subtypes in hotspot processes proposed by the GANE model.
Mobilization with Plerixafor (Mozobil ®)Plus G-CSF Results in Superior Day 1 Collection of CD34+ Cells Compared to Placebo Plus G-CSF: Results From Two Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials in Patients with Multiple Myeloma or Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.
Authors: Brian J. Bolwell, Auayporn P. Nademanee, Patrick Stiff, Edward Stadtmauer, Richard T. Maziarz, Ivana N Micallef, Sachin Marulkar, Pritesh Gandhi, John F. DiPersio
Journal: Blood (2009)