tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of glycopyrrolate as a premedication for endoscopic submucosal dissection: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Eui Kim, Min Um, Kyoung Kim, Jung Kim, Su Kim, Dong Park, Kwang Kwon, Jun Chung, Yoon Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Abstract Background and study aims Anticholinergic premedication has not been validated for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we investigated the efficacy and safety of glycopyrrolate as a premedication for ESD. Methods A total of 196 patients undergoing ESD at a single tertiary medical center between December 2014 and February 2016 were randomly allocated to receive one of the following two premedications: glycopyrrolate (0.004 mg/kg intramuscularly [IM]) or placebo (2.0 mL normal saline solution IM). All patients received the premedication 30 minutes prior to ESD in a double-blind manner. The endoscopists reported the ease of performing the procedure and the incidence of secretion-induced hypoxemia, cough, and other procedure-related adverse events. Results Glycopyrrolate and placebo were received by 96 and 100 patients, respectively. ESD was successfully performed in all patients without any serious adverse events related to sedation or ESD. The median visual analog scale for procedure ease was higher in the glycopyrrolate group at 8 (interquartile range [IQR] 7 – 9) vs. 7 (IQR 6 – 8.25); P &lt; 0.001. The proportions of patients with secretion-induced hypoxemia (4.4 % vs. 14.3 %; P = 0.03) and cough (16.7 % vs. 35.7 %; P = 0.005) were lower in the glycopyrrolate group. Conclusions The use of glycopyrrolate as a premedication for ESD significantly improved the ease of performing the procedure and reduced the incidence of secretion-induced hypoxemia and cough during ESD. Glycopyrrolate may be a promising premedication to ensure safe and stable ESD procedures. Trial registration: Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS): KCT0001540.
Functional Precision Medicine Identifies Novel Druggable Targets and Therapeutic Options in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Chang Xu, Olga Nikolova, Ryan S. Basom, Ryan M. Mitchell, Reid Shaw, Russell D. Moser, Heuijoon Park, Kay E. Gurley, Michael C. Kao, Carlos L. Green, Franz X. Schaub, Robert L. Diaz, Hallie A. Swan, In S. Jang, Justin Guinney, Vijayakrishna K. Gadi, Adam A. Margolin, Carla Grandori, Christopher J. Kemp, Eduardo Méndez
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

Purpose: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, with high mortality and a lack of targeted therapies. To identify and prioritize druggable targets, we performed genome analysis together with genome-scale siRNA and oncology drug profiling using low-passage tumor cells derived from a patient with treatment-resistant HPV-negative HNSCC.Experimental Design: A tumor cell culture was established and subjected to whole-exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, comparative genome hybridization, and high-throughput phenotyping with a siRNA library covering the druggable genome and an oncology drug library. Secondary screens of candidate target genes were performed on the primary tumor cells and two nontumorigenic keratinocyte cell cultures for validation and to assess cancer specificity. siRNA screens of the kinome on two isogenic pairs of p53-mutated HNSCC cell lines were used to determine generalizability. Clinical utility was addressed by performing drug screens on two additional HNSCC cell cultures derived from patients enrolled in a clinical trial.Results: Many of the identified copy number aberrations and somatic mutations in the primary tumor were typical of HPV(-) HNSCC, but none pointed to obvious therapeutic choices. In contrast, siRNA profiling identified 391 candidate target genes, 35 of which were preferentially lethal to cancer cells, most of which were not genomically altered. Chemotherapies and targeted agents with strong tumor-specific activities corroborated the siRNA profiling results and included drugs that targeted the mitotic spindle, the proteasome, and G2-M kinases WEE1 and CHK1 We also show the feasibility of ex vivo drug profiling for patients enrolled in a clinical trial.Conclusions: High-throughput phenotyping with siRNA and drug libraries using patient-derived tumor cells prioritizes mutated driver genes and identifies novel drug targets not revealed by genomic profiling. Functional profiling is a promising adjunct to DNA sequencing for precision oncology. Clin Cancer Res; 24(12); 2828-43. ©2018 AACR.
Transfusion‐related adverse events are decreased in pregnant women with sickle cell disease by a change in policy from systematic transfusion to prophylactic oxygen therapy at home: A retrospective survey by the international sickle cell disease observatory
Authors: Jean‐Antoine Ribeil, Myriam Labopin, Aurélie Stanislas, Benjamin Deloison, Delphine Lemercier, Anoosha Habibi, Souha Albinni, Caroline Charlier, Olivier Lortholary, François Lefrere, Mariane De Montalembert, Stéphane Blanche, Frédéric Galactéros, Jean‐Marc Tréluyer, Eliane Gluckman, Yves Ville, Laure Joseph, Marianne Delville, Alexandra Benachi, Marina Cavazzana
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2018)

Sickle cell disease (SCD) in pregnancy can be associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Furthermore, complications of SCD can be aggravated by pregnancy. Optimal prenatal care aims to decrease the occurrence of maternal and fetal complications. A retrospective, French, two-center study compared two care strategies for pregnant women with SCD over two time periods. In the first study period (2005-2010), the women were systematically offered prophylactic transfusions. In the second study period (2011-2014), a targeted transfusion strategy was applied whenever possible, and home-based prophylactic nocturnal oxygen therapy was offered to all the pregnant women. The two periods did not differ significantly in terms of the incidence of vaso-occlusive events. Maternal mortality, perinatal mortality, and obstetric complication rates were also similar in the two periods, as was the incidence of post-transfusion complications (6.1% in 2005-2010 and 1.3% in 2011-2014, P = .15), although no de novo alloimmunizations or delayed hemolysis transfusion reactions were observed in the second period. The results of this preliminary, retrospective study indicate that targeted transfusion plus home-based prophylactic nocturnal oxygen therapy is safe and may decrease transfusion requirements and transfusion-associated complications.
THE SHORT INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE QUESTIONNAIRE CANNOT ACCURATELY DETECT SIGNIFICANT ONGOING MUCOSAL INFLAMMATION IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS PATIENTS IN CLINICAL REMISSION
Authors: T Voiosu, A Benguş, M Ioniţă, A Voiosu, B Mateescu
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Patient-reported outcomes such as health-related quality of life questionnaires have become useful tools in assessing disease activity and response to treatment in inflammatory bowel disease patients. We aimed to assess whether the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ) could be used to detect on-going severe mucosal inflammation among ulcerative colitis patients in clinical remission.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY IN LEFT LATERAL DECUBITUS VERSUS PRONE POSITION FOR ERCP: WHICH IS BETTER????
Authors: M Alcivar-Leon, A Serrano, M Guaranda, M Caballero, L Aynaguano, A Gallegos, E Marriott, M Jara, N Garzon, E Vera, J Carrillo, E Villacis, A Carpio, C Arboleda
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

To compare efficacy and safety of ERCP in the left lateral decubiitus position versus prone position.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT FOR RECURRENCE OF NON-INVASIVE COLORECTAL LESIONS AFTER PIECEMEAL ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL RESECTION
Authors: JC Silva, R Pinho, A Paula Silva, A Ponte, J Silva, J Rodrigues, M Sousa, J Carvalho
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) allows the resection of large non-invasive colorectal lesions. Endoscopic surveillance is recommended 3 – 6 months after treatment to evaluate recurrence adenoma, which occurs in 15 – 20% of the cases.
Can the triclip be successfully applied in clinical practice?
Authors: H.-J. Lin
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

We read with interest the article by Maiss et al. [1], ”‘Hemodynamic efficacy’ of two endoscopic clip devices used in the treatment of bleeding vessels, tested in an experimental setting using the compact Erlangen Active Simulator for Interventional Endoscopy (compactEASIE) training model.” In this study, Maiss et al. compared two disposable clip devices (Olympus HX-200L-135 vs. Wilson-Cook Tri-clip) in an experimental setting using the compactEASIE training model. Four investigators with different levels of endoscopic experience applied clipping devices to the spurting vessels located over the anterior wall of the gastric corpus. No significant difference was found between the two clipping devices with respect to their hemostatic effect.
ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT OF TYPE I AND II PERFORATIONS RELATED WITH ERCP. PRESENTATION OF THREE CLINICAL CASES
Authors: D Collado Pacheco, M Perez Ferrer, C Garcia-Ramos Garcia, I Maestro Prada, P Chaudarcas Castiñeira, E Quintanilla, L Ramon Rabago Torre
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Perforation is a feared complication of ERCP, uncommon but potentially deadly. We present three cases of perforation type I-II with a successfully endoscopic treatment
Rechallenge With Nivolumab After Vemurafenib Treatment of Initially Nivolumab-Resistant Advanced Melanoma
Authors: Junji Kato, Tokimasa Hida, Takafumi Kamiya, Sayuri Sato, Hitomi Takahashi, Toshihiko Torigoe, Hisashi Uhara
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

This case report describes a patient with advanced melanoma initially resistant to nivolumab therapy, treated with vemurafenib, and then rechallenged with nivolumab after development of vemurafenib-related adverse effects.
Questionable Conclusions Regarding Blood Pressure End Points
Authors: Anthony Rodgers, Emily Atkins, Abdul Salam
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
ENDOSCOPY IN PATIENTS WITH IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
Authors: D Popovic, I Jovanovic, D Tomic, S Djuranovic, M Krstic, T Alempijevic, T Milosavljevic, T Glisic, I Rankovic, D Popovic
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common type of anemia in the world. The most common cause for men and postmenopausal women is gastrointestinal blood loss. Endoscopy is unavoidable method for detecting the cause of IDA. The aim of this study is to assess of the correlation between the patients characteristics with diagnostic finding of esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy.
A Path to Sustain Rural Hospitals
Authors: Karen M. Murphy, Lauren S. Hughes, Patrick Conway
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY EVALUATING CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF PERCUTANEOUS AND ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND-GUIDED DRAINAGE OF UPPER ABDOMINAL ABSCESSES
Authors: AY Carbajo López, FJ Brunie Vegas, FJ García Alonso, R Torres Yuste, M Cimavilla Román, R Sánchez-Ocaña, I Peñas-Herrero, C de la Serna-Higuera, GC Fernández Pérez, M Pérez-Miranda
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Although percutaneous drainage (PTD) is recommended as first line treatment for intraabdominal abscesses, EUS-guided drainage (EUS-D) has been successfully employed in hepatic and postsurgical intraabdominal abscesses. We aimed at comparing safety, feasibility and clinical outcomes of upper abdominal abscesses undergoing percutaneous or EUS-guided drainage.
Abstract 17551: Association between Circulating Matrix Gla Protein and Progression of Aortic Stenosis: A Substudy of the ASTRONOMER Trial
Authors: Romain Capoulade, Nancy Côté, Patrick Mathieu, Marie-Annick Clavel, Kwan L Chan, Jean G Dumesnil, James W Tam, Koon K Teo, Fournier Dominique, Jean-Pierre Després, Philippe Pibarot
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background:  In a previous substudy of the ASTRONOMER trial, we reported that metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with faster progression of aortic stenosis (AS). Recent studies suggested that dysregulation of mineral metabolism could play a role in the pathogenesis of AS. The carboxylated form of the Matrix Gla Protein (MGP) is an inhibitor of ectopic calcification. The aim of this study was to determine the association between levels of the total (i.e. carboxylated and non carboxylated) MGP and AS progression rate.   Methods:  Among the 269 patients randomized in ASTRONOMER, mean follow-up time 3.4 ±1.3yrs, 217 had measurement of circulating level of total MGP. None of them had hypercholesterolemia, diabetes or CAD. However, 29% had hypertension and 28% MetS. AS progression rate was measured with the annualized increase in peak aortic jet velocity (V peak ).   Results:  In the whole cohort, MGP level was associated with AS progression rate in univariate analysis (r=0.15; p=0.03) but not in multivariate analysis. There was an interaction (p=0.03) between MGP level and age with respect to its relationship with AS progression rate. In patients with age peak , and status of randomization, higher MGP level (p=0.008) and MetS (p=0.001) were independent predictors of faster AS progression in younger patients. MGP level was positively related to age (p=0.03), LDL-chol (p=0.02), oxidized-LDL (p=0.005), glycaemia (p=0.001), and HOMA index (p=0.05). In multivariate analysis, oxidized-LDL (p=0.03) and glycaemia (p=0.01) were the only two factors independently associated with MGP level.   Conclusion:  This study reports an association between total circulating MGP levels and faster AS progression in younger patients. These findings suggest that valvular calcification may lead to increased MGP expression, perhaps in a feedback attempt to physiologically reduce bone-like formation of calcium deposits in the valve. Further studies with measures of both forms of MGP are needed to clarify the exact role of the MGP system in AS.
TEACHING ERCP IN THE NEW MILENNIUM: A ROMANIAN TERTIARY REFERRAL CENTRE
Authors: T Atena Pop, V Mercea, M Tantau, O Mosteanu
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

The current Romanian endoscopy teaching system confronts with several problems including lack of targeted courses for practical skills development. Also, clear criteria for assessing ERCP procedures and the ability to develop and carry out patient management plans are not defined. Our aim was to analyze the ERCP learning curve and to assess the development of endoscopic competence.
Abstract 13241: Additive Predictive Value of Strain Rate Dispersion Index for Responses to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: Substudy From the START Study
Authors: Hiroyuki Iwano, Satoshi Yamada, Kazunori Okada, Taichi Hayashi, Shingo Tsujinaga, Shinobu Yokoyama, Masahiro Nakabachi, Hisao Nishino, Ayako Ichikawa, Ayumu Abe, Sanae Kaga, Taisei Mikami, Hiroyuki Tsutsui
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) depends not only on the degree of mechanical dyssynchrony but on that of discoordination, which could associate with insufficient predictive value of the parameters of mechanical dyssynchrony for the response especially in patients with moderately prolonged QRS duration and/or ischemic heart disease. We thus investigated an additive predictive value of strain rate dispersion index (SRDI), an index of the amount of discoordination, in patients undergoing CRT in a multicenter study. Methods: We studied 180 patients included in the Speckle Tracking Imaging for the Assessment of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (START) study, a prospective multicenter cohort study in Japan. Time from QRS to first peak of strain (T first ) was measured and its standard deviation (SD) was calculated as a dyssynchrony parameter for longitudinal (L-T first -SD) and circumferential (C-T first -SD) strains. SRDI was calculated as the average of segmental peak systolic strain rates minus peak global strain rate for longitudinal (L-SRDI) and circumferential (C-SRDI) strain rates. Responses to CRT was defined as a reduction of left ventricular end-systolic volume &gt;15% at 6 months after CRT. Results: One-hundred and nine (61%) patients were identified as responders. By Cox proportional hazards model, the addition of SRDIs resulted in a significant incremental improvement in the predictive value for the CRT response on LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) at baseline, QRS duration, ischemic etiology, and T first -SDs (Chi square: 41.0 vs 59.0, P&lt;0.001) in overall patients. Moreover, the same results were observed regardless of QRS duration or ischemic etiology ( Figure ). Conclusion: SRDI had an additive predictive value of responses to CRT even in patients with moderately prolonged QRS duration and those with ischemic heart disease.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Is it time for combination treatment and a diabetes‐like approach?
Authors: Stergios A. Polyzos, Jannis Kountouras, Sotiris Anastasiadis, Michael Doulberis, Panagiotis Katsinelos
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. TO THE EDITOR: Younossi et al.1 successfully summarized current and future therapeutic efforts for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an unmet medical need. We would like to express hereby our personal points of view. When planning clinical trials for NASH, it should be considered that multiple and diverse factors ("hits") may contribute to its severity and progression.2 Based on this multiple‐hit pathogenesis, we previously proposed a multiple‐target management, thereby simultaneously targeting more than one of its pathogenetic hits: instead of targeting insulin resistance or obesity or dyslipidemia or oxidative stress or adipokine imbalance, we should target more than one of them.2 Nevertheless, there is currently limited evidence for combination treatment in NAFLD.2 For example, atorvastatin combined with antioxidants (vitamin E and vitamin C) effectively reduced hepatic steatosis.3 We have more recently shown that the combined low‐dose spironolactone and vitamin E improved NAFLD liver fat score, an index of steatosis, more than vitamin E monotherapy4; apart from the liver, spironolactone exhibits anti‐fibrotic effects in cardiovascular and renal diseases. However, more and well‐designed trials are needed before establishing the multiple‐target NAFLD treatment. Moreover, based on the epidemiologic and pathogenetic similarities between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and NAFLD, a diabetes‐like management may be considered for NAFLD.2 The latest guidelines propose similar lifestyle recommendations for the management of T2DM and NAFLD. In this regard, similar targets for fasting glucose (<100 mg/dL), 2‐hour postprandial glucose (<140 mg/dL), serum low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (<100 mg/dL or <70 mg/dL depending on risk assessment for cardiovascular disease), systolic blood pressure (<130 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (<80 mmHg) may be considered for NAFLD patients.2 Importantly, when T2DM and NAFLD coexist, pioglitazone or glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogs should be considered at the second step of T2DM treatment, i.e., when metformin monotherapy fails to adequately control T2DM, since they have been proved beneficial in NASH clinical trials. In conclusion, future clinical trials for NAFLD should be oriented towards the multiple pathogenetic "hits" of the disease. Until specific medications are approved for the hepatic component of the disease, mainly fibrosis, the optimal management of comorbidities is recommended.